query: Who invented the submarine?
passage: Submarine
In 1578, the English mathematician William Bourne recorded in his book Inventions or Devises one of the first plans for an underwater navigation vehicle. A few years later the Scottish mathematician and theologian John Napier wrote in his Secret Inventions (1596) the following: "These inventions besides devises of sayling under water with divers, other devises and strategems for harming of the enemyes by the Grace of God and worke of expert Craftsmen I hope to perform." It's unclear whether he ever carried out his idea.[5]
passage: French submarine Fulton
"Fulton" was built in the Arsenal de Cherbourg. She was laid down in November 1913, launched on 1 April 1919, and was completed in July 1920. "Fulton" was named after Robert Fulton, the American inventor of the first commercially successful steamboat and first practical submarine, "Nautilus", and received the pennant number Q 110.