EUR-Lex - 32002R2368 - EN Avis juridique important | 32002R2368 Council Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 of 20 December 2002 implementing the Kimberley Process certification scheme for the international trade in rough diamonds Official Journal L 358 , 31/12/2002 P. 0028 - 0048 Council Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002of 20 December 2002implementing the Kimberley Process certification scheme for the international trade in rough diamondsTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 133 thereof,Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,Whereas:(1) The sanctions adopted by the United Nations Security Council against the rebel movements in Sierra Leone and Angola and against the Liberian government, prohibiting under certain conditions imports of rough diamonds from Liberia, Angola and Sierra Leone have not been able to stop the flow of conflict diamonds into the legitimate trade or to bring the conflicts to a halt.(2) The Göteborg European Council of June 2001 endorsed a programme for the prevention of violent conflicts, which states, inter alia, that the Member States and the Commission will tackle the illicit trade in high-value commodities, including by identifying ways of breaking the link between rough diamonds and violent conflicts and supporting the Kimberley Process.(3) Council Regulation (EC) No 303/2002 of 18 February 2002 concerning the importation into the Community of rough diamonds from Sierra Leone(1) prohibits, under certain conditions, the importation of rough diamonds into the Community.(4) There is a need to complement the existing measures with effective controls over the international trade in rough diamonds in order to prevent the trade in conflict diamonds from financing the efforts of rebel movements and their allies to undermine legitimate governments. Effective control will help maintain international peace and security and will also protect the revenue from exports of rough diamonds, which is essential for the development of producer countries in Africa.(5) The Kimberley Process negotiations, bringing together the Community and producer and trading countries representing practically all international trade in rough diamonds, as well as the diamond industry and representatives of civil society, were initiated with a view to developing such an effective control system. They led to the development of a certification scheme.(6) All participants accepted the outcome of the negotiations as the basis for implementing measures within their own jurisdiction.(7) In its resolution 56/263 the UN General Assembly welcomed the certification scheme developed in the Kimberley Process and called on all interested parties to participate in that scheme.(8) Implementation of the certification scheme requires that the imports and exports of rough diamonds into or from the territory of the Community be made subject to the certification scheme, including the issue of the relevant certificates by participants in the scheme.(9) Each Member State may designate the authority or authorities responsible for the implementation of the relevant provisions of this Regulation within its territory and may limit the number of authorities.(10) The validity of certificates for imported rough diamonds should be properly verified by the competent authorities of the Community.(11) Compliance with this Regulation should not be construed as equivalent or as an alternative to compliance with any other requirements under Community legislation.(12) In order to increase the effectiveness of the certification scheme, circumvention or attempts to circumvent should be prevented. Likewise, providers of ancillary or directly related services should exercise due diligence in establishing that the provisions of this Regulation are duly applied.(13) Export certificates for rough diamonds should only be issued and validated where there is conclusive evidence that those diamonds have been imported under a certificate.(14) Circumstances may justify that the competent authority of the importing participant should send the competent authority of the exporting participant confirmation of import of shipments of rough diamonds.(15) A system of warranties and industry self-regulation of the kind proposed by the representatives of the rough diamond industry in the Kimberley Process could facilitate the provision of such conclusive evidence.(16) Provisions should be made to allow the export of rough diamonds imported before the applicability of specific import controls provided for by this Regulation.(17) Each Member State should determine the sanctions applicable in the event of a breach of this Regulation.(18) The provisions of this Regulation concerning the import and export of rough diamonds should not apply to rough diamonds transiting the Community in the course of export to another Participant.(19) For the purposes of implementing the certification scheme, the Community should be a participant in the Kimberley Process certification scheme. It should be represented by the Commission at meetings of participants in the Kimberley Process certification scheme.(20) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Regulation should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission(2).(21) A forum should be created to enable the Commission and the Member States to examine questions concerning the application of this Regulation.(22) This Regulation should enter into force on the day of its publication, but the provisions on import and export control should be suspended until a date has been agreed in the Kimberley Process for the simultaneous implementation of the import and export controls by all participants,HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:CHAPTER I SUBJECT MATTER AND DEFINITIONSArticle 1This Regulation sets up a Community system of certification and import and export controls for rough diamonds for the purposes of implementing the Kimberley Process certification scheme.For the purposes of the certification scheme, the Community shall be considered as one entity without internal borders.This Regulation does not prejudice or substitute any provisions in force relating to customs formalities and controls.Article 2For the purposes of this Regulation the following definitions shall apply:(a) "Kimberley Process" means the forum in which the participants have designed an international certification scheme for rough diamonds;(b) "Kimberley Process certification scheme" (hereinafter "KP certification scheme") means the international certification scheme negotiated by the Kimberley Process as set out in Annex I;(c) "Participants" means participants in the KP certification scheme listed in Annex II;(d) "certificate" means a document duly issued and validated by a participant's competent authority identifying a shipment of rough diamonds as being in compliance with the requirements of the KP certification scheme;(e) "competent authority" means the authority designated by a participant to issue, validate or verify certificates;(f) "Community authority" means a competent authority designated by a Member State and listed in Annex III;(g) "Community certificate" means a certificate corresponding to the specimen in Annex IV and issued by a Community authority;(h) "conflict diamonds" means rough diamonds as defined under the KP Certification Scheme;(i) "rough diamond" means a diamond that is unworked or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted and falls under the Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System 7102 10, 7102 21 and 7102 31 (hereinafter "HS code");(j) "imports" means the physical entering or bringing into any part of the geographical territory of a participant;(k) "export" means the physical leaving or taking out of any part of the geographical territory of a participant;(l) "shipment" means one or more parcels;(m) "parcel" means one or more diamonds that are packed together;(n) "parcel of mixed origin" means a parcel that contains rough diamonds from two or more countries of origin;(o) "Community territory" means the territories of the Member States to which the Treaty is applicable, under the conditions laid down in that Treaty;(p) "Certified stock" means a stock of rough diamonds to which this Regulation applies, and whose location, volume and value, and changes therein, have been submitted to effective supervision of a Member State;(q) "Customs transit" means transit as provided for by Articles 91 to 97 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 of 12 October 1992 establishing the Community Customs Code(3).CHAPTER II IMPORT REGIMEArticle 3The import of rough diamonds into the Community shall be prohibited unless all of the following conditions are fulfilled:(a) the rough diamonds are accompanied by a certificate validated by the competent authority of a participant;(b) the rough diamonds are contained in tamper-resistant containers, and the seals applied at export by that participant are not broken;(c) the certificate clearly identifies the consignment to which it refers.Article 41. Containers and the corresponding certificates shall be submitted for verification, together and at the earliest opportunity, to a Community authority either in the Member State where they are imported or in the Member State for which they are destined, as indicated in accompanying documents.2. In cases where rough diamonds are imported into a Member State where there is no Community authority, they shall be submitted to the appropriate Community authority in the Member State for which they are destined. If a Community authority exists neither in the importing Member State nor in the Member State of destination they shall be submitted to an appropriate Community authority in another Member State.3. The Member State where the rough diamonds are imported shall ensure their submission to the appropriate Community authority provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2. Customs transit may be granted to that effect. If such customs transit is granted, the verification provided for by this Article shall be suspended until arrival at the appropriate Community authority.4. The importer shall be responsible for the proper movement of the rough diamonds and the costs thereof.5. A Community authority shall opt for either of the following methods to verify that the content of a container matches the particulars on the corresponding certificate:(a) it will open each container with a view to such verification; or(b) it will identify the containers to be opened with a view to such verification on the basis of a risk analysis or equivalent system that gives due consideration to rough diamond shipments.6. A Community authority shall complete the verification without delay.Article 51. If a Community authority establishes that the conditions in Article 3 are:(a) fulfilled, it shall confirm this on the original certificate and provide the importer with an authenticated and forgery-resistant copy of that confirmed certificate. This confirmation procedure shall take place within 10 working days of the submission of the certificate;(b) not fulfilled, it shall detain the shipment.2. If a Community authority finds that the failure to fulfil the conditions is not made knowingly or intentionally or is the result of an action by another authority in the exercise of its proper duties, it may proceed with the confirmation and release the shipment, after the necessary remedial measures have been taken to ensure that the conditions are met.3. A Community authority shall, within one month, inform the Commission and the competent authority of the participant that purportedly issued or validated the certificate for the shipment of any failure to fulfil the conditions.Article 61. Until the date of applicability of the Articles referred to in Article 29(3), a Member State may certify stocks of rough diamonds that have been imported or are present in the Community territory before that date. After that date, rough diamonds from certified stocks shall be considered to have fulfilled the conditions laid down in Article 3.2. In all other cases, a Community authority may issue a confirmation that it considers rough diamonds to have fulfilled the conditions of Article 3, if it has established that those diamonds were legally present in the Community at that date and have been so since.Article 7Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 3, 4 and 5, a Community authority may allow the import of rough diamonds if the importer provides conclusive evidence that those diamonds were destined for import into the Community and were exported 5 working days or less before the date of applicability of the Articles referred to in Article 29(3).In such cases, the Community authority concerned shall issue the importer with a confirmation of legal import, to the effect that those diamonds shall be considered to have fulfilled the conditions of Article 3.Article 81. The Commission shall consult participants on the practical arrangements for providing the competent authority of the exporting participant that has validated a certificate with confirmation of imports into the Community territory.2. On the basis of these consultations the Commission shall, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2), lay down guidelines for such confirmation.Article 9The Commission shall provide all Community authorities with authenticated specimens of the participants' certificates, the names and other relevant details of the participants issuing and/or validating authorities, authenticated specimens of stamps and signatures attesting that a certificate has been legally issued or validated and any other relevant information received in respect of certificates.Article 101. Community authorities shall provide the Commission with a monthly report on all certificates submitted for verification under Article 4.For each certificate this report shall list at least:(a) the unique certificate number,(b) the name of the issuing and validating authorities,(c) the date of issue and validation,(d) the date of expiry of validity,(e) the country of provenance,(f) the country of origin, where known,(g) the HS code(s),(h) the carat weight,(i) the value,(j) the verifying Community authority,(k) the date of verification.The Commission may, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2), determine the format of this report in order to facilitate monitoring of the certification scheme's working.2. The Community authority shall keep the originals of certificates provided for under Article 3(a) submitted for verification for at least three years. It shall provide the Commission or persons or bodies designated by the Commission with access to these original certificates in particular with a view to answering questions raised within the framework of the KP certification scheme.CHAPTER III EXPORT REGIMEArticle 11The export from the Community of rough diamonds shall be prohibited unless both of the following conditions are fulfilled:(a) the rough diamonds are accompanied by a corresponding Community certificate issued and validated by a Community authority;(b) the rough diamonds are contained in tamper-resistant containers sealed in accordance with Article 12.Article 121. The Community authority may issue a Community certificate to an exporter when it has established that:(a) the exporter has provided conclusive evidence that the rough diamonds for which a certificate is being requested were lawfully imported in accordance with the provisions of Article 3;(b) the other information requested on the certificate is correct;(c) the rough diamonds are effectively destined for arrival in the territory of a participant, and(d) the rough diamonds are to be transported in a tamper-resistant container.2. A Community authority shall not validate a Community certificate until it has verified that the content of the container matches the particulars on the corresponding certificate and that the tamper-resistant container containing the rough diamonds has subsequently been sealed on the responsibility of that authority.3. A Community authority shall opt for either of the following methods to verify that the content of a container matches the particulars thereon on the certificate:(a) it will verify the content of each container; or(b) it will identify the containers, the content of which shall be verified, on the basis of a risk analysis or equivalent system that gives due consideration to rough diamond shipments.4. The Community authority shall provide the exporter with an authenticated forgery-resistant copy of the Community certificate it has validated. The exporter shall keep any copy accessible for at least three years.5. The Community certificate shall be valid for export for no more than two months from the date of issue. If the rough diamonds are not exported within this period, the Community certificate shall be returned to the issuing Community authority.Article 13If an exporter is a member of a diamond organisation listed in Annex V, the Community authority may accept as conclusive evidence of lawful import into the Community a signed declaration by the exporter to that effect. Such a declaration shall contain at least the information to be given in an invoice under Article 17(2)(a)(ii).Article 141. If a Community authority establishes that a shipment of rough diamonds, for which a Community certificate is requested, does not fulfil the conditions of Articles 11, 12, or 13, that authority shall detain the shipment.2. If a Community authority finds that the failure to fulfil the conditions is not made knowingly or intentionally or is the result of an action by another authority in the exercise of its proper duties, it may release the shipment and proceed with the issuing and validation of a Community Certificate, after the necessary remedial measures have been taken to ensure that the conditions are met.3. The Community authority shall, within one month, inform the Commission and the competent authority of the participant that purportedly issued or validated the certificate for the shipment of any failure to fulfil the conditions.Article 151. Community authorities shall provide the Commission with a monthly report on all Community certificates issued and validated by them.For each certificate this report shall list at least:(a) the unique certificate number,(b) the name of the issuing and validating authorities,(c) the date of issue and validation,(d) the date of expiry of validity,(e) the country of provenance,(f) the country of origin, where known,(g) the HS code(s),(h) the carat weight and value.In accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2), the Commission may determine the format of the report in order to facilitate monitoring of the certification scheme's working.2. Community authorities shall keep for at least three years the authenticated copies provided for under Article 12(4) as well as all information received from an exporter to justify the issue and validation of a Community certificate.They shall provide the Commission or persons or bodies designated by the Commission with access to those authenticated copies and this information, in particular with a view to answering questions raised within the framework of the KP certification scheme.Article 161. The Commission shall consult participants on the practical arrangements for obtaining confirmation of imports of rough diamonds exported from the Community covered by a certificate validated by the Community authority.2. On the basis of these consultations the Commission shall, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2), lay down guidelines for such confirmation.CHAPTER IV INDUSTRY SELF-REGULATIONArticle 171. Organisations representing traders in rough diamonds which have established a system of warranties and industry self-regulation for the purposes of implementing the KP Certification Scheme may apply to the Commission for listing in Annex V directly or through the appropriate Community authority.2. When applying for listing, an organisation shall:(a) provide conclusive evidence that adopted rules and regulations whereby its members dealing in rough diamonds, whether natural or legal persons, undertake that they will, at the latest from the date of applicability of the Articles referred to in Article 29(3):(i) sell only diamonds purchased from legitimate sources in compliance with the provisions of relevant United Nations Security Council Resolutions and of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme and guarantee in writing on the invoice accompanying each sale of rough diamonds that, on the basis of their personal knowledge and/or written warranties provided by the supplier of such rough diamonds, the rough diamonds sold are therefore not conflict diamonds;(ii) see that each sale of rough diamonds is accompanied by an invoice containing the said signed guarantee unequivocally identifying the seller and buyer and their registered offices, containing the VAT identification number of the seller, where applicable, the quantity/weight and qualification of the goods sold, the value of the transaction and the date of delivery;(iii) not buy rough diamonds from suspect or unknown sources of supply and/or rough diamonds originating in non-participants in the KP certification scheme;(iv) not buy rough diamonds from any source found, after legally binding due process, to have violated government laws and regulations concerning the trade in conflict diamonds;(v) not buy rough diamonds in, or from, any region that is the subject of an advisory notice from a governmental or KP certification scheme authority to the effect that conflict diamonds are emanating from, or are available for sale in, that region;(vi) not knowingly buy, sell or assist others in buying or selling conflict diamonds;(vii) ensure that all employees buying or selling rough diamonds within the diamond trade are fully informed of trade resolutions and government regulations restricting the trade in conflict diamonds;(viii) create and maintain for at least three years records of invoices received from suppliers and issued to customers;(ix) instruct an independent auditor to certify that these records have been created and maintained accurately and either that it has identified no transactions which failed to comply with the undertakings referred to in (i) to (viii) or that any transaction which failed to comply with such undertakings has been duly reported to the appropriate Community authority;and(b) provide conclusive evidence that is has adopted rules and regulations which oblige the organisation:(i) to expel any member found, after a due process inquiry by the organisation itself, to have seriously violated the abovementioned undertakings; and(ii) to publicise that member's expulsion and notify the Commission thereof;(iii) to make known to all its members all governmental and KP certification scheme laws, regulations and guidelines regarding conflict diamonds and the names of any natural or legal person found guilty, after legally binding due process, of violating these laws and regulations;and(c) provide the Commission and the appropriate Community authority with a complete list of all its members dealing in rough diamonds, including full names, addresses, location and other information which will contribute to avoiding mistaken identities.3. Organisations covered by this Article shall immediately notify the Commission and the Community authority of a Member State in which they are resident or established of all changes in their membership subsequent to the application for listing.4. In accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2), the Commission shall list in Annex V each organisation that fulfils the requirements of this Article. It shall notify all Community authorities of the names and other relevant particulars of the members of listed organisations and any changes therein.5. (a) A listed organisation or a member thereof shall provide the relevant Community authority with access to any information that may be needed to assess the proper functioning of the system of warranties and industry self-regulation. Where circumstances justify, that Community authority may require additional guarantees that an organisation is able to maintain a credible system.(b) The appropriate Community authority shall report its assessment to the Commission on an annual basis.6. If, in the course of monitoring the proper functioning of the system, a Community authority in a Member State obtains credible information that a listed organisation covered by this Article and established or resident in that Member State, or a member thereof established or resident in that Member State, is infringing the provisions of this Article, it shall inquire into the matter to verify whether the provisions of this Article have effectively been infringed.7. (a) If the Commission has credible information that a listed organisation or a member thereof is infringing the provisions of this Article, it shall request an assessment of the situation by the Community authority of a Member State in which the organisation or its member is resident or established. Upon such request, the relevant Community authority shall promptly inquire into the matter and duly inform the Commission of its findings.(b) If the Commission, on the basis of reports, assessments or other pertinent information, comes to the conclusion that a system of warranties and industry self-regulation does not function properly, and the issue has not been addressed adequately, the Commission shall take the necessary measures in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2).8. If an inquiry leads to the conclusion that an organisation is infringing the provisions of this Article, the Community authority of a Member State in which that organisation is resident or established will notify the Commission thereof without delay. In turn, the Commission, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2), shall take the appropriate measures with a view to removing that organisation from the list in Annex V.9. If a listed organisation or one or more of its members are established or resident in a Member State that has not designated a Community authority for the purposes of this Article, the Commission shall be the Community authority for that organisation or those members.10. Organisations or their members covered by this Article acting in the territory of a participant other than the Community shall be considered to have complied with the provisions of this Article if they comply with the rules and regulations that this participant has laid down for the purpose of implementing the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme.CHAPTER V TRANSITArticle 18Articles 4, 11, 12, and 14 shall not apply to rough diamonds which enter the Community territory solely for the purposes of transit to a participant other than the Community, on condition that neither the original container in which rough diamonds are being transported nor the original accompanying certificate issued by a competent authority of a participant have been tampered with at entry into and exit from the Community territory and the transit purpose is clearly attested by the accompanying certificate.CHAPTER VI GENERAL PROVISIONSArticle 191. Member States may designate one or more authorities in their territory as Community authority and may attribute different tasks to them.2. Member States designating a Community authority shall provide the Commission with the information showing that their designated Community authorities can reliably, timely, effectively and adequately fulfil the tasks required by this Regulation.3. Member States may limit the number of points where the formalities provided for in this Regulation can be completed. They shall notify the Commission thereof. Based on the information provided under paragraphs 1 and 2 and in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 22(2), the Commission shall maintain in Annex III a list of Community authorities, their location and the tasks entrusted to them.4. Community authorities may ask an economic operator to pay a fee for the production, issue and/or validation of a certificate and for a physical inspection in accordance with Articles 4 and 14. Under no circumstances shall the amount of that fee exceed the costs incurred by that competent authority for the operation concerned. No levies or similar duties shall be charged in relation to such operations.5. Member States shall notify the Commission of the option they choose under Articles 4(5) and 12(3) or of subsequent changes.6. The Commission may amend the specifications of the Community certificate with a view to improving its security, processing and functionality for the purposes of the KP certification scheme.Article 20On the basis of the relevant information from the chair of the Kimberley Process and/or participants, the Commission may amend the list of participants and the competent authorities they have designated to issue and validate their certificates in Annex II.Article 211. The Community shall be a participant in the Kimberley Process certification scheme.2. The Commission, which represents the Community in the Kimberley Process certification scheme, shall aim to ensure optimal implementation of the KP certification scheme, in particular through cooperation with participants. To this end, the Commission shall, in particular, exchange information with participants on international trade in rough diamonds and, where appropriate, cooperate in monitoring activities and in the settlement of any disputes that may arise.Article 221. In the performance of its duties under Articles 8, 10, 15, 16, 17 and 19, the Commission shall be assisted by a Committee (hereinafter referred to as "the Committee").2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 4 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply.The period laid down in Article 4(3) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at ten working days.3. The Committee shall establish its rules of procedure.Article 23The Committee referred to in Article 22 may examine any question concerning the application of this Regulation. Such questions may be raised either by the chairman or by a representative of a Member State.Article 241. Any natural or legal person providing services directly or indirectly related to the activities covered by Articles 3, 4, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 17 or 18 shall exercise due diligence for establishing that the activities for which it provides services comply with the provisions of this Regulation.2. The participation, knowingly and intentionally, in activities, the object or effect of which is, directly or indirectly, to circumvent the provisions of this Regulation shall be prohibited.3. The Commission shall be notified of any information suggesting that the provisions of this Regulation are being, or have been, circumvented.Article 25Information supplied in accordance with this Regulation shall be used only for the purposes for which it was provided.Information which is by nature confidential or which is provided on a confidential basis shall be covered by the obligation of professional secrecy. It shall not be disclosed by the Commission without the express permission of the person providing it.Communication of such information shall however be permitted where the Commission is obliged or authorised to do so, in particular in connection with legal proceedings. Such communication must take into account the legitimate interests of the person concerned that his or her business secrets should not be divulged.This Article shall not preclude the disclosure of general information by the Commission. Such disclosure shall not be permitted if this is incompatible with the original purpose of such information.In the event of a breach of confidentiality, the originator of the information shall be entitled to obtain that it be deleted, disregarded or rectified, as the case may be.Article 26Compliance with this Regulation does not discharge any natural or legal person from compliance, fully or partially, with any other obligation under other Community or national legislation.Article 27Each Member State shall determine the sanctions to be imposed where the provisions of this Regulation are infringed. Such sanctions shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive and shall be capable of preventing those responsible for the infringement from obtaining any economic benefit from their action.Pending the adoption, where necessary, of any legislation to this end, the sanctions to be imposed where the provisions of this Regulation are infringed shall, where relevant, be those determined by the Member States in order to give effect to Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 303/2002.Article 28This Regulation shall apply:(a) within the Community territory, including its airspace, or on board any aircraft or any vessel under the jurisdiction of a Member State;(b) to any national of a Member State, and to any legal person, entity, or body which is incorporated or constituted under the law of a Member State.Article 291. This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.2. The Commission shall report annually or at any other time as necessary to the Council on the implementation of this Regulation and the need for a review or repeal of the Regulation.3. The application of Articles 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 18 shall be suspended until the Council decides to apply these Articles on the basis of a proposal from the Commission.This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.Done at Brussels, 20 December 2002.For the CouncilThe PresidentL. Espersen(1) OJ L 47, 19.2.2002, p. 8.(2) OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.(3) OJ L 302, 19.10.1992, p. 1. Regulation as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 2700/2000 (OJ L 311, 12.12.2000, p. 17).ANNEX IKIMBERLEY PROCESS CERTIFICATION SCHEMEPREAMBLEPARTICIPANTS,- RECOGNISING that the trade in conflict diamonds is a matter of serious international concern, which can be directly linked to the fuelling of armed conflict, the activities of rebel movements aimed at undermining or overthrowing legitimate governments, and the illicit traffic in, and proliferation of, armaments, especially small arms and light weapons;- FURTHER RECOGNISING the devastating impact of conflicts fuelled by the trade in conflict diamonds on the peace, safety and security of people in affected countries and the systematic and gross human rights violations that have been perpetrated in such conflicts;- NOTING the negative impact of such conflicts on regional stability and the obligations placed upon states by the United Nations Charter regarding the maintenance of international peace and security;- BEARING IN MIND that urgent international action is imperative to prevent the problem of conflict diamonds from negatively affecting the trade in legitimate diamonds, which makes a critical contribution to the economies of many of the producing, processing, exporting and importing states, especially developing states;- RECALLING all of the relevant resolutions of the United Nations Security Council under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, including the relevant provisions of Resolutions 1173 (1998), 1295 (2000), 1306 (2000), and 1343 (2001), and determined to contribute to and support the implementation of the measures provided for in these resolutions;- HIGHLIGHTING the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 55/56 (2000) on the role of the trade in conflict diamonds in fuelling armed conflict, which called on the international community to give urgent and careful consideration to devising effective and pragmatic measures to address this problem;- FURTHER HIGHLIGHTING the recommendation in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 55/56 that the international community develop detailed proposals for a simple and workable international certification scheme for rough diamonds based primarily on national certification schemes and on internationally agreed minimum standards;- RECALLING that the Kimberley Process, which was established to find a solution to the international problem of conflict diamonds, was inclusive of concerned stake holders, namely producing, exporting and importing states, the diamond industry and civil society;- CONVINCED that the opportunity for conflict diamonds to play a role in fuelling armed conflict can be seriously reduced by introducing a certification scheme for rough diamonds designed to exclude conflict diamonds from the legitimate trade;- RECALLING that the Kimberley Process considered that an international certification scheme for rough diamonds, based on national laws and practices and meeting internationally agreed minimum standards, will be the most effective system by which the problem of conflict diamonds could be addressed;- ACKNOWLEDGING the important initiatives already taken to address this problem, in particular by the governments of Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea and Sierra Leone and by other key producing, exporting and importing countries, as well as by the diamond industry, in particular by the World Diamond Council, and by civil society;- WELCOMING voluntary self-regulation initiatives announced by the diamond industry and recognising that a system of such voluntary self-regulation contributes to ensuring an effective internal control system of rough diamonds based upon the international certification scheme for rough diamonds;- RECOGNISING that an international certification scheme for rough diamonds will only be credible if all Participants have established internal systems of control designed to eliminate the presence of conflict diamonds in the chain of producing, exporting and importing rough diamonds within their own territories, while taking into account that differences in production methods and trading practices as well as differences in institutional controls thereof may require different approaches to meet minimum standards;- FURTHER RECOGNISING that the international certification scheme for rough diamonds must be consistent with international law governing international trade;- ACKNOWLEDGING that state sovereignty should be fully respected and the principles of equality, mutual benefits and consensus should be adhered to,RECOMMEND THE FOLLOWING PROVISIONS:SECTION I DefinitionsFor the purposes of the international certification scheme for rough diamonds (hereinafter referred to as "the Certification Scheme") the following definitions apply:CONFLICT DIAMONDS means rough diamonds used by rebel movements or their allies to finance conflict aimed at undermining legitimate governments, as described in relevant United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolutions insofar as they remain in effect, or in other similar UNSC resolutions which may be adopted in the future, and as understood and recognised in United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 55/56, or in other similar UNGA resolutions which may be adopted in future;COUNTRY OF ORIGIN means the country where a shipment of rough diamonds has been mined or extracted;COUNTRY OF PROVENANCE means the last Participant from where a shipment of rough diamonds was exported, as recorded on import documentation;DIAMOND means a natural mineral consisting essentially of pure crystallised carbon in the isometric system, with a hardness on the Mohs (scratch) scale of 10, a specific gravity of approximately 3.52 and a refractive index of 2.42;EXPORT means the physical leaving/taking out of any part of the geographical territory of a Participant;EXPORTING AUTHORITY means the authority(ies) or body(ies) designated by a Participant from whose territory a shipment of rough diamonds is leaving, and which are authorised to validate the Kimberley Process Certificate;FREE TRADE ZONE means a part of the territory of a Participant where any goods introduced are generally regarded, insofar as import duties and taxes are concerned, as being outside the customs territory;IMPORT means the physical entering/bringing into any part of the geographical territory of a Participant;IMPORTING AUTHORITY means the authority(ies) or body(ies) designated by a Participant into whose territory a shipment of rough diamonds is imported to conduct all import formalities and particularly the verification of accompanying Kimberley Process Certificates;KIMBERLEY PROCESS CERTIFICATE means a forgery resistant document with a particular format which identifies a shipment of rough diamonds as being in compliance with the requirements of the Certification Scheme;OBSERVER means a representative of civil society, the diamond industry, international organisations and non-participating governments invited to take part in Plenary meetings;PARCEL means one or more diamonds that are packed together and that are not individualised;PARCEL OF MIXED ORIGIN means a parcel that contains rough diamonds from two or more countries of origin, mixed together;PARTICIPANT means a state or a regional economic integration organisation for which the Certification Scheme is effective;REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ORGANISATION means an organisation comprised of sovereign states that have transferred competence to that organisation in respect of matters governed by the Certification Scheme;ROUGH DIAMONDS means diamonds that are unworked or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted and fall under the Relevant Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System 7102 10 00, 7102 21 00 and 7102 31 00;SHIPMENT means one or more parcels that are physically imported or exported;TRANSIT means the physical passage across the territory of a Participant or a non-Participant, with or without transhipment, warehousing or change in mode of transport, when such passage is only a portion of a complete journey beginning and terminating beyond the frontier of the Participant or non-Participant across whose territory a shipment passes;SECTION II The Kimberley Process CertificateEach Participant should ensure that:(a) a Kimberley Process Certificate (hereafter referred to as the Certificate) accompanies each shipment of rough diamonds on export;(b) its processes for issuing Certificates meet the minimum standards of the Kimberley Process as set out in Section IV;(c) Certificates meet the minimum requirements set out in Annex I. As long as these requirements are met, Participants may at their discretion establish additional characteristics for their own Certificates, for example their form, additional data or security elements;(d) it notifies all other Participants through the Chair of the features of its Certificate as specified in Annex I, for purposes of validation.SECTION III Undertakings in respect of the international trade in rough diamondsEach Participant should:(a) with regard to shipments of rough diamonds exported to a Participant, require that each such shipment is accompanied by a duly validated Certificate;(b) with regard to shipments of rough diamonds imported from a Participant:- require a duly validated Certificate;- ensure that confirmation of receipt is sent expeditiously to the relevant Exporting Authority. The confirmation should as a minimum refer to the Certificate number, the number of parcels, the carat weight and the details of the importer and exporter;- require that the original of the Certificate be readily accessible for a period of no less than three years;(c) ensure that no shipment of rough diamonds is imported from or exported to a non-Participant;(d) recognise that Participants through whose territory shipments transit are not required to meet the requirement of paragraphs (a) and (b) above, and of Section II (a) provided that the designated authorities of the Participant through whose territory a shipment passes, ensure that the shipment leaves its territory in an identical state as it entered its territory (i.e. unopened and not tampered with).SECTION IV Internal controlsUndertakings by ParticipantsEach Participant should:(a) establish a system of internal controls designed to eliminate the presence of conflict diamonds from shipments of rough diamonds imported into and exported from its territory;(b) designate an Importing and an Exporting Authority(ies);(c) ensure that rough diamonds are imported and exported in tamper resistant containers;(d) as required, amend or enact appropriate laws or regulations to implement and enforce the Certification Scheme and to maintain dissuasive and proportional penalties for transgressions;(e) collect and maintain relevant official production, import and export data, and collate and exchange such data in accordance with the provisions of Section V.(f) when establishing a system of internal controls, take into account, where appropriate, the further options and recommendations for internal controls as elaborated in Annex II.Principles of Industry Self-RegulationParticipants understand that a voluntary system of industry self-regulation, as referred to in the Preamble of this Document, will provide for a system of warranties underpinned through verification by independent auditors of individual companies and supported by internal penalties set by industry, which will help to facilitate the full traceability of rough diamond transactions by government authorities.SECTION V Cooperation and transparencyParticipants should:(a) provide to each other through the Chair information identifying their designated authorities or bodies responsible for implementing the provisions of this Certification Scheme. Each Participant should provide to other Participants through the Chair information, preferably in electronic format, on its relevant laws, regulations, rules, procedures and practices, and update that information as required. This should include a synopsis in English of the essential content of this information;(b) compile and make available to all other Participants through the Chair statistical data in line with the principles set out in Annex III;(c) exchange on a regular basis experiences and other relevant information, including on self-assessment, in order to arrive at the best practice in given circumstances;(d) consider favourably requests from other Participants for assistance to improve the functioning of the Certification Scheme within their territories;(e) inform another Participant through the Chair if it considers that the laws, regulations, rules, procedures or practices of that other Participant do not ensure the absence of conflict diamonds in the exports of that other Participant;(f) cooperate with other Participants to attempt to resolve problems which may arise from unintentional circumstances and which could lead to non-fulfilment of the minimum requirements for the issuance or acceptance of the Certificates, and inform all other Participants of the essence of the problems encountered and of solutions found;(g) encourage, through their relevant authorities, closer cooperation between law enforcement agencies and between customs agencies of Participants.SECTION VI Administrative mattersMEETINGS1. Participants and Observers are to meet in Plenary annually, and on other occasions as Participants may deem necessary, in order to discuss the effectiveness of the Certification Scheme.2. Participants should adopt Rules of Procedure for such meetings at the first Plenary meeting.3. Meetings are to be held in the country where the Chair is located, unless a Participant or an international organisation offers to host a meeting and this offer has been accepted. The host country should facilitate entry formalities for those attending such meetings.4. At the end of each Plenary meeting, a Chair would be elected to preside over all Plenary meetings, ad hoc working groups and other subsidiary bodies, which might be formed until the conclusion of the next annual Plenary meeting.5. Participants are to reach decisions by consensus. In the event that consensus proves to be impossible, the Chair is to conduct consultations.ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT6. For the effective administration of the Certification Scheme, administrative support will be necessary. The modalities and functions of that support should be discussed at the first Plenary meeting, following endorsement by the UN General Assembly.7. Administrative support could include the following functions:(a) to serve as a channel of communication, information sharing and consultation between the Participants with regard to matters provided for in this Document;(b) to maintain and make available for the use of all Participants a collection of those laws, regulations, rules, procedures, practices and statistics notified pursuant to Section V;(c) to prepare documents and provide administrative support for Plenary and working group meetings;(d) to undertake such additional responsibilities as the Plenary meetings, or any working group delegated by Plenary meetings, may instruct.PARTICIPATION8. Participation in the Certification Scheme is open on a global, non-discriminatory basis to all Applicants willing and able to fulfill the requirements of that Scheme.9. Any applicant wishing to participate in the Certification Scheme should signify its interest by notifying the Chair through diplomatic channels. This notification should include the information set forth in paragraph (a) of Section V and be circulated to all Participants within one month.10. Participants intend to invite representatives of civil society, the diamond industry, non-participating governments and international organisations to participate in Plenary meetings as Observers.PARTICIPANT MEASURES11. Participants are to prepare, and make available to other Participants, in advance of annual Plenary meetings of the Kimberley Process, information as stipulated in paragraph (a) of Section V outlining how the requirements of the Certification Scheme are being implemented within their respective jurisdictions.12. The agenda of annual Plenary meetings is to include an item where information as stipulated in paragraph (a) of Section V is reviewed and Participants can provide further details of their respective systems at the request of the Plenary.13. Where further clarification is needed, Participants at Plenary meetings, upon recommendation by the Chair, can identify and decide on additional verification measures to be undertaken. Such measures are to be implemented in accordance with applicable national and international law. These could include, but need not be limited to measures such as:(a) requesting additional information and clarification from Participants;(b) review missions by other Participants or their representatives where there are credible indications of significant non-compliance with the Certification Scheme.14. Review missions are to be conducted in an analytical, expert and impartial manner with the consent of the Participant concerned. The size, composition, terms of reference and time-frame of these missions should be based on the circumstances and be established by the Chair with the consent of the Participant concerned and in consultation with all Participants.15. A report on the results of compliance verification measures is to be forwarded to the Chair and to the Participant concerned within three weeks of completion of the mission. Any comments from that Participant as well as the report, are to be posted on the restricted access section of an official Certification Scheme website no later than three weeks after the submission of the report to the Participant concerned. Participants and Observers should make every effort to observe strict confidentiality regarding the issue and the discussions relating to any compliance matter.COMPLIANCE AND DISPUTE PREVENTION16. In the event that an issue regarding compliance by a Participant or any other issue regarding the implementation of the Certification Scheme arises, any concerned Participant may so inform the Chair, who is to inform all Participants without delay about the said concern and enter into dialogue on how to address it. Participants and Observers should make every effort to observe strict confidentiality regarding the issue and the discussions relating to any compliance matter.MODIFICATIONS17. This document may be modified by consensus of the Participants.18. Modifications may be proposed by any Participant. Such proposals should be sent in writing to the Chair, at least ninety days before the next Plenary meeting, unless otherwise agreed.19. The Chair is to circulate any proposed modification expeditiously to all Participants and Observers and place it on the agenda of the next annual Plenary meeting.REVIEW MECHANISM20. Participants intend that the Certification Scheme should be subject to periodic review, to allow Participants to conduct a thorough analysis of all elements contained in the scheme. The review should also include consideration of the continuing requirement for such a scheme, in view of the perception of the Participants, and of international organisations, in particular the United Nations, of the continued threat posed at that time by conflict diamonds. The first such review should take place no later than three years after the effective starting date of the Certification Scheme. The review meeting should normally coincide with the annual Plenary meeting, unless otherwise agreed.THE START OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SCHEME21. The Certification Scheme should be established at the Ministerial Meeting on the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme for Rough Diamonds in Interlaken on 5 November 2002.Annex I to ANNEX ICERTIFICATESA. Minimum requirements for CertificatesA Certificate is to meet the following minimum requirements:- Each Certificate should bear the title "Kimberley Process Certificate" and the following statement: "The rough diamonds in this shipment have been handled in accordance with the provisions of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme for rough diamonds"- Country of origin for shipment of parcels of unmixed (i.e. from the same) origin- Certificates may be issued in any language, provided that an English translation is incorporated- Unique numbering with the Alpha 2 country code, according to ISO 3166-1- Tamper and forgery resistant- Date of issuance- Date of expiry- Issuing authority- Identification of exporter and importer- Carat weight/mass- Value in US$- Number of parcels in shipment- Relevant Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System- Validation of Certificate by the Exporting AuthorityB. Optional Certificate ElementsA Certificate may include the following optional features:- Characteristics of a Certificate (for example as to form, additional data or security elements)- Quality characteristics of the rough diamonds in the shipment- A recommended import confirmation part should have the following elements:Country of destinationIdentification of importerCarat/weight and value in US$Relevant Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding SystemDate of receipt by Importing AuthorityAuthentication by Importing AuthorityC. Optional ProceduresRough diamonds may be shipped in transparent security bags.The unique Certificate number may be replicated on the container.Annex II to ANNEX IRECOMMENDATIONS AS PROVIDED FOR IN SECTION IV, PARAGRAPH (F)General Recommendations1. Participants may appoint an official coordinator(s) to deal with the implementation of the Certification Scheme.2. Participants may consider the utility of complementing and/or enhancing the collection and publication of the statistics identified in Annex III based on the contents of Kimberley Process Certificates.3. Participants are encouraged to maintain the information and data required by Section V on a computerised database.4. Participants are encouraged to transmit and receive electronic messages in order to support the Certification Scheme.5. Participants that produce diamonds and that have rebel groups suspected of mining diamonds within their territories are encouraged to identify the areas of rebel diamond mining activity and provide this information to all other Participants. This information should be updated on a regular basis.6. Participants are encouraged to make known the names of individuals or companies convicted of activities relevant to the purposes of the Certification Scheme to all other Participants through the Chair.7. Participants are encouraged to ensure that all cash purchases of rough diamonds are routed through official banking channels, supported by verifiable documentation.8. Participants that produce diamonds should analyse their diamond production under the following headings:- Characteristics of diamonds produced- Actual productionRecommendations for Control over Diamond Mines9. Participants are encouraged to ensure that all diamond mines are licensed and to allow only those mines so licensed to mine diamonds.10. Participants are encouraged to ensure that prospecting and mining companies maintain effective security standards to ensure that conflict diamonds do not contaminate legitimate production.Recommendations for Participants with Small-scale Diamond Mining11. All artisanal and informal diamond miners should be licensed and only those persons so licensed should be allowed to mine diamonds.12. Licensing records should contain the following minimum information: name, address, nationality and/or residence status and the area of authorised diamond mining activity.Recommendations for Rough Diamond Buyers, Sellers and Exporters13. All diamond buyers, sellers, exporters, agents and courier companies involved in carrying rough diamonds should be registered and licensed by each Participant's relevant authorities.14. Licensing records should contain the following minimum information: name, address and nationality and/or residence status.15. All rough diamond buyers, sellers and exporters should be required by law to keep for a period of five years daily buying, selling or exporting records listing the names of buying or selling clients, their license number and the amount and value of diamonds sold, exported or purchased.16. The information in paragraph 14 above should be entered into a computerised database, to facilitate the presentation of detailed information relating to the activities of individual rough diamond buyers and sellers.Recommendations for Export Processes17. A exporter should submit a rough diamond shipment to the relevant Exporting Authority.18. The Exporting Authority is encouraged, prior to validating a Certificate, to require an exporter to provide a declaration that the rough diamonds being exported are not conflict diamonds.19. Rough diamonds should be sealed in a tamper proof container together with the Certificate or a duly authenticated copy. The Exporting Authority should then transmit a detailed e-mail message to the relevant Importing Authority containing information on the carat weight, value, country of origin or provenance, importer and the serial number of the Certificate.20. The Exporting Authority should record all details of rough diamond shipments on a computerised database.Recommendations for Import Processes21. The Importing Authority should receive an e-mail message either before or upon arrival of a rough diamond shipment. The message should contain details such as the carat weight, value, country of origin or provenance, exporter and the serial number of the Certificate.22. The Importing Authority should inspect the shipment of rough diamonds to verify that the seals and the container have not been tampered with and that the export was performed in accordance with the Certification Scheme.23. The Importing Authority should open and inspect the contents of the shipment to verify the details declared on the Certificate.24. Where applicable and when requested, the Importing Authority should send the return slip or import confirmation coupon to the relevant Exporting Authority.25. The Importing Authority should record all details of rough diamond shipments on a computerised database.Recommendations on Shipments to and from Free Trade Zones26. Shipments of rough diamonds to and from free trade zones should be processed by the designated authorities.Annex III to ANNEX ISTATISTICSRecognising that reliable and comparable data on the production and the international trade in rough diamonds are an essential tool for the effective implementation of the Certification Scheme, and particularly for identifying any irregularities or anomalies which could indicate that conflict diamonds are entering the legitimate trade, Participants strongly support the following principles, taking into account the need to protect commercially sensitive information:(a) to keep and publish within two months of the reference period and in a standardised format, quarterly aggregate statistics on rough diamond exports and imports, as well as the numbers of certificates validated for export, and of imported shipments accompanied by Certificates;(b) to keep and publish statistics on exports and imports, by origin and provenance wherever possible; by carat weight and value; and under the relevant Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) classifications 7102 10; 7102 21; 7102 31;(c) to keep and publish on a semi-annual basis and within two months of the reference period statistics on rough diamond production by carat weight and by value. In the event that a Participant is unable to publish these statistics it should notify the Chair immediately;(d) to collect and publish these statistics by relying in the first instance on existing national processes and methodologies;(e) to make these statistics available to an intergovernmental body or to another appropriate mechanism identified by the Participants for (1) compilation and publication on a quarterly basis in respect of exports and imports, and (2) on a semi-annual basis in respect of production. These statistics are to be made available for analysis by interested parties and by the Participants, individually or collectively, according to such terms of reference as may be established by the Participants;(f) to consider statistical information pertaining to the international trade in and production of rough diamonds at annual Plenary meetings, with a view to addressing related issues, and to supporting effective implementation of the Certification Scheme.ANNEX IIList of participants in the Kimberley Process certification scheme and their duly appointed competent authorities as referred to in Articles 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 12, 17, 18, 19 and 20ANNEX IIIList of Member States' competent authorities and their tasks as referred to in Articles 2 and 19ANNEX IVCommunity certificate as referred to in Article 2The Community certificate referred to in Article 2 shall have the following features. Member States shall ensure that the Certificates they issue shall be identical. To this end they shall submit to the Commission specimens of the Certificates to be issued.Member States shall be responsible for having the EC Certificates printed. The EC Certificates may be printed by printers appointed by the Member State in which they are established. In the latter case, reference to the appointment by the Member State must appear on each EC Certificate. Each EC Certificate shall bear an indication of the printer's name and address or a mark enabling the printer to be identified. The printer should be a High Security Banknote Printer. The printer should provide suitable references from governmental and commercial customers.The European Commission shall make specimens of original EC Certificates available to EC authorities.Materials- Dimensions: A4 (210 mm x 297 mm);- Watermarked with visible (European blue) and invisible (yellow/green) UV fibres;- Security Paper: The visible fibres are coloured to match "European Blue";- UV dull (features in the document stand out clearly when highlighted under a Ultra-violet lamp);- 100 g/m2 paper.Printing- Rainbow background tint (solvent sensitive) (colour definition: pantone blue-rose);- The "rainbow" effect has a security background that will not visualise when photocopied.- The inks used must be "solvent sensitive" to protect the document against attack from chemicals used to alter infilled text, such as bleach.- 1 Colour background tint (permanent and light fast);- Ensure that a secondary "Rainbow" is printed to prevent the Certificates from exposure to sunlight.- UV invisible working (stars of the EU Flag);- The security printer should apply the correct weight of ink to ensure that the UV feature is invisible in normal light.- EU Flag: Printed gold and European blue;- Intaglio Border;- Tactile Intaglio ink is one of the most important features in the document.- Extra Small Print line reading "Kimberley Process Certificate";- Latent image: KP;- MELT feature reading "KPCS";- The document design must incorporate anticopy ("Medallion") features into the background fine-line printing.Numbering- Each EC Certificate shall have a unique serial number, preceded by the code: EC.- The Commission shall attribute the serial numbers to the Member States that intend to issue EC Certificates.- There should be two types of matching numbering - visible and invisible:- First = 6 digit sequential, once on all parts of the document, printed black (fluorescing to green under UV light)- The printer should hold all responsibility for numbering every Certificate.- The printer should also keep a database of all numbering.- Right hand and left hand number to be aligned horizontally.- Second = 6 digit sequential invisible printed numbering (matching above) to fluorescent red under UV light (aligned vertically with top visible numbers).LanguageEnglish and, where relevant, the language(s) of the Member State concerned.Lay out and finishingObligatory featuresSlot perforated in 1 position, cut to singles A4 size. 1 at 70 mm from R.-edge(a) left side:>PIC FILE= "L_2002358EN.004601.TIF">(b) right side:>PIC FILE= "L_2002358EN.004701.TIF">ANNEX VList of diamond organisations implementing the system of warranties and industry self-regulation referred to in Articles 13 and 17

Summary: Trade in rough diamonds: implementing the Kimberley Process Trade in rough diamonds: implementing the Kimberley Process SUMMARY OF: Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 — Kimberley Process certification scheme for the international trade in rough diamonds WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE REGULATION? To set up a certification system for importing and exporting rough diamonds. Its main purpose is to implement the Kimberley Process certification scheme (KPCS)*, which aims to ensure that rough diamond purchases are not used for financing violence by rebel movements seeking to undermine legitimate governments. KEY POINTS The KPCS currently has 54 members representing 81 countries. The EU acts as a single participant and has the Service for Foreign Policy Instruments (FPI), a department of the European Commission, as its competent authority. The Commission coordinates and monitors the implementation of Kimberley Process rules within the EU. In order for a rough diamond shipment to be imported into the EU and Greenland, it must be transported in a tamper-resistant container and accompanied by a forgery-proof government-validated Kimberley Process certificate from the exporting country. If those conditions are fulfilled, the EU authority in the country will provide a confirmed certificate to the importer; if not fulfilled, the shipment will be detained. In order for a rough diamond shipment to be exported from the EU and Greenland, it must be transported in a tamper-resistant container and accompanied by a forgery-proof certificate from the EU authority of the exporting country. The competent authorities within EU countries must report monthly to the Commission and FPI on the import and export certificates issued and validated by them. Rough diamond traders (listed in Annex V of this regulation) must ensure that they only sell diamonds purchased from legitimate sources not involved in funding conflict. They must guarantee in writing that the diamonds are conflict-free based on personal knowledge and/or written guarantees provided by the diamond suppliers. FROM WHEN DOES THE REGULATION APPLY? It applies from 31 December 2002. However, certain articles of this regulation dealing with the import/export regimes and transit apply from 1 February 2003. BACKGROUND The trade in conflict diamonds* is a matter of serious international concern, which can be directly linked to the fuelling of armed conflict, the activities of rebel movements aimed at undermining or overthrowing legitimate governments and the illicit traffic in, and proliferation of, armaments, especially small arms and light weapons. The KPCS was developed after countries met in Kimberley, South Africa, in 2000 to explore ways to tackle the growing problems stemming from conflict diamonds. For more information, see: The Kimberley Process, the fight against ‘conflict diamonds’ on the European Commission's website. * KEY TERMS Kimberley Process certification scheme (KPCS): the process established in 2003 by the General Assembly of the United Nations Resolution 55/56 to prevent the trade of conflict diamonds. Conflict diamonds: rough diamonds mined in war zones and sold to finance insurgencies, war efforts of invading armies or the activities of warlords. MAIN DOCUMENT Council Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 of 20 December 2002 implementing the Kimberley Process certification scheme for the international trade in rough diamonds (OJ L 358, 31.12.2002, pp. 28-48) Successive amendments to Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 have been incorporated in to the original document. This consolidated version is of documentary value only. RELATED DOCUMENT Guidelines on Trading with the European Union (EU) — September 2015 — A practical guide for Kimberley Process Participants and companies involved in trade in rough diamonds with the EU last update 12.12.2016