29.3.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 96/1 DIRECTIVE 2014/28/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses (recast) (Text with EEA relevance) THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 114 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments, Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1), Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure (2), Whereas: (1) Council Directive 93/15/EEC of 5 April 1993 on the harmonization of the provisions relating to the placing on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses (3) has been substantially amended (4). Since further amendments are to be made, that Directive should be recast in the interests of clarity. (2) It is necessary to clarify in this Directive that certain articles were identified following the United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods as being pyrotechnic articles or ammunition, thus falling outside the scope of this Directive. Commission Directive 2004/57/EC of 23 April 2004 on the identification of pyrotechnic articles and certain ammunition for the purposes of Council Directive 93/15/EEC on the harmonisation of the provisions relating to the placing on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses (5), which currently contains a list of such articles, should therefore be repealed. (3) Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 setting out the requirements for accreditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of products (6) lays down rules on the accreditation of conformity assessment bodies, provides a framework for the market surveillance of products and for controls on products from third countries, and lays down the general principles of the CE marking. (4) Decision No 768/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 on a common framework for the marketing of products (7), lays down common principles and reference provisions intended to apply across sectoral legislation in order to provide a coherent basis for revision or recasts of that legislation. Directive 93/15/EEC should therefore be adapted to that Decision. (5) Safety during storage is covered by Council Directive 96/82/EC of 9 December 1996 on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances (8) which sets out safety requirements for establishments where explosives are present. Safety of explosives during transport is regulated by international conventions and agreements, including the United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. Those aspects should therefore not fall under the scope of this Directive. (6) Pyrotechnic articles require appropriate measures to ensure the protection of end-users and the safety of the public. Pyrotechnic articles are covered by Directive 2013/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 June 2013 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of pyrotechnic articles (9). This Directive should therefore not apply to pyrotechnic articles. (7) The scope of this Directive should cover ammunition, but only as regards the rules governing controls on transfers and the associated arrangements. Since ammunition is transferred under conditions similar to those under which arms are transferred, transfers of ammunition should be governed by provisions similar to those applicable to arms, as set out in Council Directive 91/477/EEC of 18 June 1991 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (10). (8) This Directive should apply to all forms of supply, including distance selling. (9) The definition of the explosives covered by this Directive should be based on the definition of such products as set out in the United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. (10) In order to ensure the free movement of explosives it is necessary to harmonise the laws relating to making explosives available on the market. (11) Economic operators should be responsible for the compliance of explosives with this Directive in relation to their respective roles in the supply chain, so as to ensure a high level of protection of public interests, such as health and safety of persons and public security and to guarantee fair competition on the Union market. (12) All economic operators intervening in the supply and distribution chain should take appropriate measures to ensure that they only make available on the market explosives which are in conformity with this Directive. It is necessary to provide for a clear and proportionate distribution of obligations which correspond to the role of each economic operator in the supply and distribution chain. (13) In order to facilitate communication between economic operators, market surveillance authorities and end-users, Member States should encourage economic operators to include a website address in addition to the postal address. (14) The manufacturer, having detailed knowledge of the design and production process, is best placed to carry out the conformity assessment procedure. Conformity assessment should therefore remain solely the obligation of the manufacturer. (15) It is necessary to ensure that explosives from third countries entering the Union market comply with this Directive, and in particular that appropriate conformity assessment procedures have been carried out by manufacturers with regard to those explosives. Provision should therefore be made for importers to make sure that the explosives they place on the market comply with the requirements of this Directive and that they do not place on the market explosives which do not comply with such requirements or present a risk. Provision should also be made for importers to make sure that conformity assessment procedures have been carried out and that marking of explosives and documentation drawn up by manufacturers are available for inspection by the competent national authorities. (16) The distributor makes an explosive available on the market after it has been placed on the market by the manufacturer or the importer and should act with due care to ensure that its handling of the explosive does not adversely affect the compliance of the explosive. (17) Any economic operator that either places an explosive on the market under his own name or trade mark or modifies an explosive in such a way that compliance with this Directive may be affected should be considered to be the manufacturer and should assume the obligations of the manufacturer. (18) Distributors and importers, being close to the market place, should be involved in market surveillance tasks carried out by the competent national authorities, and should be prepared to participate actively, providing those authorities with all necessary information relating to the explosive concerned. (19) Unique identification of explosives is essential if accurate and complete records of explosives are to be kept at all stages of the supply chain. This should allow the identification and the traceability of an explosive from its production site and its placing on the market until its final user and its use with a view to preventing misuse and theft and to assisting law enforcement authorities in the tracing of the origin of lost or stolen explosives. An efficient traceability system also facilitates market surveillance authorities’ task of tracing economic operators who made non-compliant explosives available on the market. When keeping the information required under this Directive for the identification of economic operators, economic operators should not be required to update such information in respect of other economic operators who have either supplied them with an explosive or to whom they have supplied an explosive. (20) The provisions of this Directive relating to the making available on the market should be limited to the expression of the essential safety requirements for explosives in order to protect the health and safety of persons, property and the environment. In order to facilitate conformity assessment with those requirements it is necessary to provide for a presumption of conformity for explosives which are in conformity with harmonised standards that are adopted in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on European Standardisation (11) for the purpose of expressing detailed technical specifications of those requirements. (21) Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 provides for a procedure for objections to harmonised standards where those standards do not entirely satisfy the requirements of this Directive. (22) In order to enable economic operators to demonstrate and the competent authorities to ensure that explosives made available on the market conform to the essential safety requirements it is necessary to provide for conformity assessment procedures. Decision No 768/2008/EC establishes modules for conformity assessment procedures which include procedures from the least to the most stringent, in proportion to the level of risk involved and the level of safety required. In order to ensure inter-sectoral coherence and to avoid ad-hoc variants conformity assessment procedures should be chosen from among those modules. Because of their specific characteristics and the hazards involved, explosives should always be submitted to third party conformity assessment. (23) Manufacturers should draw up an EU declaration of conformity to provide information required under this Directive on the conformity of an explosive with this Directive and of other relevant Union harmonisation legislation. (24) To ensure effective access to information for market surveillance purposes, the information required to identify all applicable Union acts should be available in a single EU declaration of conformity. In order to reduce the administrative burden on economic operators, that single EU declaration of conformity may be a dossier made up of relevant individual declarations of conformity. (25) The CE marking, indicating the conformity of an explosive, is the visible consequence of a whole process comprising conformity assessment in a broad sense. General principles governing the CE marking are set out in Regulation (EC) No 765/2008. Rules governing the affixing of the CE marking should be laid down in this Directive. (26) The conformity assessment procedures set out in this Directive require the intervention of conformity assessment bodies, which are notified by the Member States to the Commission. (27) Experience has shown that the criteria set out in Directive 93/15/EEC that conformity assessment bodies have to fulfil to be notified to the Commission are not sufficient to ensure a uniformly high level of performance of notified bodies throughout the Union. It is, however, essential that all notified bodies perform their functions to the same level and under conditions of fair competition. That requires the setting of obligatory requirements for conformity assessment bodies wishing to be notified in order to provide conformity assessment services. (28) In order to ensure a consistent level of conformity assessment quality it is also necessary to set requirements for notifying authorities and other bodies involved in the assessment, notification and monitoring of notified bodies. (29) If a conformity assessment body demonstrates conformity with the criteria laid down in harmonised standards, it should be presumed to comply with the corresponding requirements set out in this Directive. (30) The system set out in this Directive should be complemented by the accreditation system provided for in Regulation (EC) No 765/2008. Since accreditation is an essential means of verifying the competence of conformity assessment bodies, it should also be used for the purposes of notification. (31) Transparent accreditation as provided for in Regulation (EC) No 765/2008, ensuring the necessary level of confidence in certificates of conformity, should be considered by the national public authorities throughout the Union as the preferred means of demonstrating the technical competence of conformity assessment bodies. However, national authorities may consider that they possess the appropriate means of carrying out that evaluation themselves. In such cases, in order to ensure the appropriate level of credibility of evaluations carried out by other national authorities, they should provide the Commission and the other Member States with the necessary documentary evidence demonstrating the compliance of the conformity assessment bodies evaluated with the relevant regulatory requirements. (32) Conformity assessment bodies frequently subcontract parts of their activities linked to the assessment of conformity or have recourse to a subsidiary. In order to safeguard the level of protection required for the explosives to be placed on the Union market, it is essential that conformity assessment subcontractors and subsidiaries fulfil the same requirements as notified bodies in relation to the performance of conformity assessment tasks. Therefore, it is important that the assessment of the competence and the performance of conformity assessment bodies to be notified and the monitoring of notified bodies cover also activities carried out by subcontractors and subsidiaries. (33) It is necessary to increase the efficiency and transparency of the notification procedure and, in particular, to adapt it to new technologies so as to enable online notification. (34) Since notified bodies may offer their services throughout the Union, it is appropriate to give the other Member States and the Commission the opportunity to raise objections concerning a notified body. It is therefore important to provide for a period during which any doubts or concerns as to the competence of conformity assessment bodies can be clarified before they start operating as notified bodies. (35) In the interests of competitiveness, it is crucial that notified bodies apply the conformity assessment procedures without creating unnecessary burdens for economic operators. For the same reason, and to ensure equal treatment of economic operators, consistency in the technical application of the conformity assessment procedures needs to be ensured. That can best be achieved through appropriate coordination and cooperation between notified bodies. (36) In order to ensure legal certainty, it is necessary to clarify that rules on Union market surveillance and control of products entering the Union market provided for in Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 apply to explosives. This Directive should not prevent Member States from choosing the competent authorities to carry out those tasks. (37) Member States should take all appropriate measures to ensure that explosives may be placed on the market only if, when properly stored and used for their intended purpose, or under conditions of use which can be reasonably foreseen, they do not endanger the health and safety of persons. Explosives should be considered as non-compliant with the essential safety requirements laid down in this Directive only under conditions of use which can be reasonably foreseen, that is when such use could result from lawful and readily predictable human behaviour. (38) The existing system should be supplemented by a procedure under which interested parties are informed of measures intended to be taken with regard to explosives presenting a risk to the health or safety of persons, or to property or the environment. It should also allow market surveillance authorities, in cooperation with the relevant economic operators, to act at an earlier stage in respect of such explosives. (39) Where the Member States and the Commission agree as to the justification of a measure taken by a Member State, no further involvement of the Commission should be required, except where non-compliance can be attributed to shortcomings of a harmonised standard. (40) In the event of a serious threat to, or attack on, public security as a result of illicit possession or use of explosives or ammunition Member States should be allowed to derogate, under certain conditions, from this Directive with regard to transfer of explosives and ammunition in order to prevent such illicit possession or use. (41) It is essential to establish administrative cooperation mechanisms between competent authorities of Member States. Therefore, the competent authorities should base their approach on Council Regulation (EC) No 515/97 of 13 March 1997 on mutual assistance between the administrative authorities of the Member States and cooperation between the latter and the Commission to ensure the correct application of the law on customs or agricultural matters (12). (42) This Directive should not affect the power of Member States to take measures with a view to preventing illegal trade in explosives and ammunition. (43) In order to achieve the objectives of this Directive, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union should be delegated to the Commission in respect of Union measures concerning adapting this Directive to United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level. The Commission, when preparing and drawing up delegated acts, should ensure a simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and to the Council. (44) In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this Directive, implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission’s exercise of implementing powers (13). (45) The advisory procedure should be used for the adoption of implementing acts requesting the notifying Member State to take the necessary corrective measures in respect of notified bodies that do not meet or no longer meet the requirements for their notification. (46) The examination procedure should be used for the adoption of the implementing acts in order to set up the practical arrangements for the operation of the system for the unique identification and traceability of explosives, as well as for setting out the technical arrangements for the application of the provisions on the transfer of explosives, in particular the model document to be used. (47) The examination procedure should also be used for the adoption of implementing acts with respect to compliant explosives which present a risk to the health or safety of persons or to other aspects of public interest protection. (48) The Commission should adopt immediately applicable implementing acts where, in duly justified cases relating to compliant explosives which present a risk to the health or safety of persons, or to property or the environment, imperative grounds of urgency so require. (49) In line with established practice, the committee set up by this Directive can play a useful role in examining matters concerning the application of this Directive raised either by its chair or by a representative of a Member State in accordance with its rules of procedure. (50) When matters relating to this Directive, other than its implementation or infringements, are being examined, i.e. in a Commission expert group, the European Parliament should in line with existing practice receive full information and documentation and, where appropriate, an invitation to attend such meetings. (51) The Commission should, by means of implementing acts and, given their special nature, acting without the application of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011, determine whether measures taken by Member States in respect of non-compliant explosives are justified or not. (52) Member States should lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements of the provisions of national law adopted pursuant to this Directive and ensure that those rules are enforced. The penalties provided for should be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. (53) It is necessary to provide for reasonable transitional arrangements that allow the making available on the market without the need to comply with further product requirements of explosives that have already been placed on the market in accordance with Directive 93/15/EEC before the date of application of national measures transposing this Directive. Distributors should therefore be able to supply explosives that have been placed on the market, namely stock that is already in the distribution chain, before the date of application of national measures transposing this Directive. (54) Since the objective of this Directive, namely to ensure that explosives on the market fulfil the requirements providing for a high level of protection of health and safety and other public interests while guaranteeing the functioning of the internal market cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States but can rather, by reason of its scale and effects, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty on European Union. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective. (55) The obligation to transpose this Directive into national law should be confined to those provisions which represent a substantive amendment as compared to the earlier Directives. The obligation to transpose the provisions which are unchanged arises under the earlier Directives. (56) This Directive should be without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time-limits for transposition into national law and the dates of application of the Directives set out in Annex V, Part B, HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: CHAPTER 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 Scope 1. This Directive shall apply to explosives for civil uses. 2. This Directive shall not apply to: (a) explosives, including ammunition, intended for use, in accordance with national law, by the armed forces or the police; (b) pyrotechnic articles falling within the scope of Directive 2013/29/EU; (c) ammunition, save as provided for in Articles 12, 13 and 14. Annex I contains a non-exhaustive list of pyrotechnic articles and ammunition referred to in point (b) of this paragraph and in point 2 of Article 2 respectively identified following the United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. 3. This Directive shall not prevent Member States from designating certain substances not covered by this Directive as explosives under national laws or regulations. Article 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply: (1) ‘explosives’ means the materials and articles considered to be explosives in the United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods and falling within Class 1 of those recommendations; (2) ‘ammunition’ means projectiles with or without propelling charges and blank ammunition used in portable firearms, other guns and artillery; (3) ‘safety’ means the prevention of accidents and, where prevention fails, the containment of their effects; (4) ‘security’ means the prevention of use contrary to law and order; (5) ‘approval’ means the decision taken to allow envisaged transfers of explosives within the Union; (6) ‘transfer’ means any physical movement of explosives within the Union except movements within one and the same site; (7) ‘making available on the market’ means any supply of an explosive for distribution or use on the Union market in the course of a commercial activity, whether in return for payment or free of charge; (8) ‘placing on the market’ means the first making available of an explosive on the Union market; (9) ‘manufacturer’ means any natural or legal person who manufactures an explosive or has an explosive designed or manufactured, and markets that explosive under his name or trade mark or uses it for his own purposes; (10) ‘authorised representative’ means any natural or legal person established within the Union who has received a written mandate from a manufacturer to act on his behalf in relation to specified tasks; (11) ‘importer’ means any natural or legal person established within the Union who places an explosive from a third country on the Union market; (12) ‘distributor’ means any natural or legal person in the supply chain, other than the manufacturer or the importer, who makes an explosive available on the market; (13) ‘economic operators’ means the manufacturer, the authorised representative, the importer, the distributor and any natural or legal person who engages in the storage, use, transfer, import, export or trade of explosives; (14) ‘dealer’ means any natural or legal person whose occupation consists wholly or partly in the manufacture, trade, exchange, hiring out, repair or conversion of fire arms and ammunition; (15) ‘technical specification’ means a document that prescribes technical requirements to be fulfilled by an explosive; (16) ‘harmonised standard’ means harmonised standard as defined in point (c) of point 1 of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012; (17) ‘accreditation’ means accreditation as defined in point 10 of Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008; (18) ‘national accreditation body’ means national accreditation body as defined in point 11 of Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008; (19) ‘conformity assessment’ means the process demonstrating whether the essential safety requirements of this Directive relating to an explosive have been fulfilled; (20) ‘conformity assessment body’ means a body that performs conformity assessment activities including calibration, testing, certification and inspection; (21) ‘recall’ means any measure aimed at achieving the return of an explosive that has already been made available to the end-user; (22) ‘withdrawal’ means any measure aimed at preventing an explosive in the supply chain from being made available on the market; (23) ‘Union harmonisation legislation’ means any Union legislation harmonising the conditions for the marketing of products; (24) ‘CE marking’ means a marking by which the manufacturer indicates that the explosive is in conformity with the applicable requirements set out in Union harmonisation legislation providing for its affixing. Article 3 Free movement Member States shall not prohibit, restrict or hinder the making available on the market of explosives which satisfy the requirements of this Directive. Article 4 Making available on the market Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that explosives may be made available on the market only if they comply with the requirements of this Directive. CHAPTER 2 OBLIGATIONS OF ECONOMIC OPERATORS Article 5 Obligations of manufacturers 1. When placing their explosives on the market or when using them for their own purposes, manufacturers shall ensure that they have been designed and manufactured in accordance with the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II. 2. Manufacturers shall draw up the technical documentation referred to in Annex III and have the relevant conformity assessment procedure referred to in Article 20 carried out. Where compliance of an explosive with the applicable requirements has been demonstrated by that procedure, manufacturers shall draw up an EU declaration of conformity and affix the CE marking. 3. Manufacturers shall keep the technical documentation and the EU declaration of conformity for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. 4. Manufacturers shall ensure that procedures are in place for series production to remain in conformity with this Directive. Changes in design or characteristics of the explosive and changes in the harmonised standards or in other technical specifications by reference to which conformity of an explosive is declared shall be adequately taken into account. 5. Manufacturers shall ensure that explosives which they have placed on the market bear a unique identification in accordance with the system for the identification and traceability of explosives set out in Article 15. For explosives excluded from that system, manufacturers shall: (a) ensure that explosives which they have placed on the market bear a type, batch or serial number or other element allowing their identification, or, where the small size, shape or design of the explosive does not allow it, that the required information is provided on its packaging or in a document accompanying the explosive; (b) indicate on the explosive their name, registered trade name or registered trade mark and the postal address at which they can be contacted or, where that is not possible, on its packaging or in a document accompanying the explosive. The address shall indicate a single point at which the manufacturer can be contacted. The contact details shall be in a language easily understood by end-users and market surveillance authorities. 6. Manufacturers shall ensure that explosives which they have placed on the market are accompanied by instructions and safety information in a language which can be easily understood by end-users, as determined by the Member State concerned. Such instructions and safety information, as well as any labelling, shall be clear, understandable and intelligible. 7. Manufacturers who consider or have reason to believe that an explosive which they have placed on the market is not in conformity with this Directive shall immediately take the corrective measures necessary to bring that explosive into conformity, to withdraw it or recall it, if appropriate. Furthermore, where the explosive presents a risk, manufacturers shall immediately inform the competent national authorities of the Member States in which they made the explosive available on the market to that effect, giving details, in particular, of the non-compliance and of any corrective measures taken. 8. Manufacturers shall, further to a reasoned request from a competent national authority, provide it with all the information and documentation in paper or electronic form necessary to demonstrate the conformity of the explosive with this Directive, in a language which can be easily understood by that authority. They shall cooperate with that authority, at its request, on any action taken to eliminate the risks posed by explosives which they have placed on the market. Article 6 Authorised representatives 1. A manufacturer may, by a written mandate, appoint an authorised representative. The obligations laid down in Article 5(1) and the obligation to draw up technical documentation referred to in Article 5(2) shall not form part of the authorised representative’s mandate. 2. An authorised representative shall perform the tasks specified in the mandate received from the manufacturer. The mandate shall allow the authorised representative to do at least the following: (a) keep the EU declaration of conformity and the technical documentation at the disposal of national market surveillance authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market; (b) further to a reasoned request from a competent national authority, provide that authority with all the information and documentation necessary to demonstrate the conformity of an explosive; (c) cooperate with the competent national authorities, at their request, on any action taken to eliminate the risks posed by explosives covered by the authorised representative’s mandate. Article 7 Obligations of importers 1. Importers shall place only compliant explosives on the market. 2. Before placing an explosive on the market importers shall ensure that the appropriate conformity assessment procedure referred to in Article 20 has been carried out by the manufacturer. They shall ensure that the manufacturer has drawn up the technical documentation, that the explosive bears the CE marking and is accompanied by the required documents, and that the manufacturer has complied with the requirements set out in Article 5(5). Where an importer considers or has reason to believe that an explosive is not in conformity with the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II, he shall not place the explosive on the market until it has been brought into conformity. Furthermore, where the explosive presents a risk, the importer shall inform the manufacturer and the market surveillance authorities to that effect. 3. Importers shall indicate, on the explosive, their name, registered trade name or registered trade mark and the postal address at which they can be contacted or, where that is not possible, on its packaging or in a document accompanying the explosive. The contact details shall be in a language easily understood by end-users and market surveillance authorities. 4. Importers shall ensure that the explosive is accompanied by instructions and safety information in a language which can be easily understood by end-users, as determined by the Member State concerned. 5. Importers shall ensure that, while an explosive is under their responsibility, its storage or transport conditions do not jeopardise its compliance with the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II. 6. Importers who consider or have reason to believe that an explosive which they have placed on the market is not in conformity with this Directive shall immediately take the corrective measures necessary to bring that explosive into conformity, to withdraw it or recall it, if appropriate. Furthermore, where the explosive presents a risk, importers shall immediately inform the competent national authorities of the Member States in which they made the explosive available on the market to that effect, giving details, in particular, of the non-compliance and of any corrective measures taken. 7. Importers shall, for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market, keep a copy of the EU declaration of conformity at the disposal of the market surveillance authorities and ensure that the technical documentation can be made available to those authorities, upon request. 8. Importers shall, further to a reasoned request from a competent national authority, provide it with all the information and documentation in paper or electronic form necessary to demonstrate the conformity of an explosive in a language which can be easily understood by that authority. They shall cooperate with that authority, at its request, on any action taken to eliminate the risks posed by explosives which they have placed on the market. Article 8 Obligations of distributors 1. When making an explosive available on the market distributors shall act with due care in relation to the requirements of this Directive. 2. Before making an explosive available on the market distributors shall verify that the explosive bears the CE marking, that it is accompanied by the required documents and by instructions and safety information in a language which can be easily understood by end-users in the Member State in which the explosive is to be made available on the market, and that the manufacturer and the importer have complied with the requirements set out in Article 5(5) and Article 7(3) respectively. Where a distributor considers or has reason to believe that an explosive is not in conformity with the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II, he shall not make the explosive available on the market until it has been brought into conformity. Furthermore, where the explosive presents a risk, the distributor shall inform the manufacturer or the importer to that effect as well as the market surveillance authorities. 3. Distributors shall ensure that, while an explosive is under their responsibility, its storage or transport conditions do not jeopardise its compliance with the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II. 4. Distributors who consider or have reason to believe that an explosive which they have made available on the market is not in conformity with this Directive shall make sure that the corrective measures necessary to bring that explosive into conformity, to withdraw it or recall it, if appropriate, are taken. Furthermore, where the explosive presents a risk, distributors shall immediately inform the competent national authorities of the Member States in which they made the explosive available on the market to that effect, giving details, in particular, of the non-compliance and of any corrective measures taken. 5. Distributors shall, further to a reasoned request from a competent national authority, provide it with all the information and documentation in paper or electronic form necessary to demonstrate the conformity of an explosive. They shall cooperate with that authority, at its request, on any action taken to eliminate the risks posed by explosives which they have made available on the market. Article 9 Cases in which obligations of manufacturers apply to importers and distributors An importer or distributor shall be considered a manufacturer for the purposes of this Directive and he shall be subject to the obligations of the manufacturer under Article 5, where he places an explosive on the market under his name or trade mark or modifies an explosive already placed on the market in such a way that compliance with this Directive may be affected. Article 10 Identification of economic operators For explosives not covered by the system set out in Article 15, economic operators shall, on request, identify the following to the market surveillance authorities: (a) any economic operator who has supplied them with an explosive; (b) any economic operator to whom they have supplied an explosive. Economic operators shall be able to present the information referred to in the first paragraph for 10 years after they have been supplied with the explosive and for 10 years after they have supplied the explosive. CHAPTER 3 SECURITY PROVISIONS Article 11 Transfers of explosives 1. Explosives may be transferred only in accordance with paragraphs 2 to 8. 2. Approval to transfer explosives shall be obtained by the consignee from the competent authority in the Member State of the consignee. The competent authority shall verify that the consignee is legally authorised to acquire explosives and that he is in possession of the necessary licences or authorisations. The economic operator responsible for the transfer shall notify the competent authorities of the transit Member State of any movement of explosives through the Member State concerned and shall obtain prior approval of the transit Member State concerned. 3. Where a Member State considers that there is a problem regarding the verification of the entitlement to acquire explosives referred to in paragraph 2, that Member State shall forward the available information on the subject to the Commission which shall inform the other Member States thereof. 4. Where the competent authority in the Member State of the consignee approves a transfer, it shall issue to the consignee a document which includes all the information referred to in paragraph 5. Such a document shall accompany the explosives until they arrive at their stated destination. It shall be produced at the request of the relevant competent authorities. A copy of that document shall be retained by the consignee who shall present it, upon request, for examination by the competent authority in the Member State of the consignee. 5. Where transfers of explosives must be specially supervised in order to comply with special security requirements in the territory or part of the territory of a Member State, prior to the transfer the following information shall be provided by the consignee to the competent authority in the Member State of the consignee: (a) the names and addresses of the economic operators concerned; (b) the number and quantity of the explosives being transferred; (c) a full description of the explosives in question and of the means of identification, including the United Nations identification number; (d) where the explosives are to be placed on the market, information on compliance with conditions for placing on the market; (e) the means of transfer and the itinerary; (f) the expected dates of departure and arrival; (g) where necessary, the precise points of entry to and exit from Member States. The information referred to in point (a) of the first subparagraph shall be sufficiently detailed in order to enable competent authorities to contact the economic operators and to obtain confirmation that the economic operators concerned are entitled to receive the consignment. The competent authority in the Member State of the consignee shall examine the conditions under which the transfer may take place, with particular regard to the special security requirements. If the special security requirements are satisfied, approval for the transfer shall be granted. In the case of transit through the territory of other Member States, those Member States shall likewise examine and approve the particulars concerning the transfer. 6. Where the competent authority of a Member State considers that special security requirements referred to in paragraphs 4 and 5 are unnecessary, explosives may be transferred on their territory or part thereof without prior provision of information within the meaning of paragraph 5. The competent authority in the Member State of the consignee shall then grant an approval for a fixed period, which is liable to suspension or withdrawal at any time on the basis of a reasoned justification. The document referred to in paragraph 4, which shall accompany the explosives until they arrive at their destination, shall refer solely to that approval. 7. Without prejudice to the normal checks which the Member State of departure is to carry out in its territory, at the request of the competent authorities concerned, the consignees and the economic operators concerned shall forward to the authorities of the Member State of departure and to those of the Member State of transit all relevant information they possess concerning the transfer of explosives. 8. No economic operator may transfer explosives unless the consignee has obtained the necessary authorisations for the transfer in accordance with paragraphs 2, 4, 5 and 6. Article 12 Transfers of ammunition 1. Ammunition may be transferred from one Member State to another only in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraphs 2 to 5. Those paragraphs shall also apply to transfers of ammunition under mail-order sales. 2. Where ammunition is to be transferred to another Member State the person concerned shall, before any dispatch, communicate to the Member State in which that ammunition is located: (a) the names and addresses of the person selling or transferring the ammunition, of the person purchasing or acquiring the ammunition and, where appropriate, of the owner; (b) the address to which the ammunition is to be consigned or transported; (c) the quantity of ammunition to be consigned or transported; (d) data making it possible to identify the ammunition and also an indication that the ammunition has undergone a check in accordance with the Convention of 1 July 1969 on the Reciprocal Recognition of Proofmarks on Small Arms; (e) the means of transfer; (f) the date of departure and the estimated date of arrival. The information referred to in points (e) and (f) of the first subparagraph need not be supplied in the case of a transfer between dealers. The Member State shall examine the conditions under which the transfer is to be carried out, in particular with regard to security. Where the Member State authorises such a transfer it shall issue a licence incorporating all the particulars referred to in the first subparagraph. That licence shall accompany the ammunition until it reaches its destination. It shall be produced whenever so required by the competent authorities of the Member States. 3. Each Member State may grant dealers the right to effect transfers of ammunition from its territory to a dealer established in another Member State without the prior authorisation referred to in paragraph 2. To that end it shall issue an authorisation valid for three years which may at any time be suspended or cancelled by reasoned decision. A document referring to that authorisation shall accompany the ammunition until it reaches its destination. It shall be produced whenever so required by the competent authorities of the Member States. Before effecting the transfer, the dealer shall communicate to the authorities of the Member State from which the transfer is to be effected all the particulars listed in the first subparagraph of paragraph 2. 4. Each Member State shall supply the other Member States with a list of the ammunition the transfer of which to its territory may be authorised without its prior consent. Such lists of ammunition shall be communicated to dealers who have obtained approval for transferring ammunition without prior authorisation in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 3. 5. Each Member State shall communicate all useful information at its disposal concerning definitive transfers of ammunition to the Member State, to the territory of which such a transfer has been effected. All information that Member States receive in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3 shall be communicated, not later than the time of the relevant transfers, to the Member States of destination and, where appropriate, not later than the time of transfer to the Member States of transit. Article 13 Security derogations By way of derogation from Article 11(2), (4), (5) and (6) and from Article 12, a Member State, in the event of serious threats to, or attacks on, public security as a result of illicit possession or use of explosives or ammunition, may take all necessary measures concerning transfers of explosives or ammunition in order to prevent such illicit possession or use. The measures referred to in the first paragraph shall respect the principle of proportionality. They shall constitute neither a means of arbitrary discrimination nor a veiled restriction in trade between Member States. Each Member State which adopts such measures shall notify the Commission of them forthwith. The Commission shall inform the other Member States thereof. Article 14 Information exchange 1. Member States shall set up information exchange networks for the implementation of Articles 11 and 12. They shall notify the other Member States and the Commission of the national authorities responsible for forwarding or receiving information and for applying the procedures referred to in those Articles. Member States shall keep at the disposal of the other Member States and of the Commission updated information concerning economic operators possessing licences or authorisations referred to in Article 16. 2. For the purposes of implementing this Directive, Regulation (EC) No 515/97, in particular the requirements thereof relating to confidentiality, shall apply mutatis mutandis. Article 15 Identification and traceability of explosives 1. Economic operators shall adhere to a uniform system for the unique identification and traceability of explosives, that takes into account their size, shape or design, except where it is not necessary to place a unique identification on the explosive due to its low level of hazard, based on its characteristics and factors such as its low detonative effects, its uses and the low security risk it presents due to the low potential effects of misuse. The system shall not apply to explosives transported and delivered unpackaged or in pump trucks for their direct unloading into the blast-hole, or explosives manufactured at blasting sites, and that are loaded immediately after being produced (in situ production). 2. That system shall provide for the collection and storage of data, including where appropriate by electronic means, enabling the unique identification and traceability of the explosive as well as for the placement of a unique identification on the explosive and/or its packaging enabling access to that data. Those data shall relate to the unique identification of the explosive, including its location while in the possession of economic operators and the identity of those economic operators. 3. The data referred to in paragraph 2 shall be tested at regular intervals and protected against accidental or malicious damage or destruction. Those data shall be stored for 10 years after the transaction took place or, where the explosives have been used or disposed of, 10 years after their use or disposal, even if the economic operator has ceased trading. They shall be immediately available at the request of the competent authorities. 4. The Commission may adopt implementing acts: (a) laying down the practical arrangements for the operation of the system of unique identification and traceability referred to in paragraph 1, taking into account the size, shape or design of the explosives, in particular the format and structure of the unique identification, as provided for in paragraph 2; (b) identifying the cases referred to in paragraph 1 where it is not necessary, due to the low level of hazard of an explosive, for economic operators to adhere to the system for the unique identification and traceability within the meaning of that paragraph. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 49(3). Article 16 Licence or authorisation Economic operators shall be in possession of a licence or authorisation which entitles them to engage in the manufacture, storage, use, import, export, transfer or trade of explosives. The first paragraph shall not apply to employees of an economic operator possessing a licence or authorisation. Article 17 Licensing of manufacturing activities When a Member State issues a licence or authorisation referred to in Article 16 for manufacturing of explosives, it shall check in particular that the economic operators responsible are capable of complying with the technical commitments they assume. Article 18 Seizures Each Member State shall adopt the necessary measures to enable the competent authorities to seize any explosive if there is sufficient evidence that that explosive will be illicitly acquired, used or dealt in. CHAPTER 4 CONFORMITY OF THE EXPLOSIVE Article 19 Presumption of conformity of explosives Explosives, which are in conformity with harmonised standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union shall be presumed to be in conformity with the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II covered by those standards or parts thereof. Article 20 Conformity assessment procedures For the assessment of the conformity of explosives the manufacturer shall follow one of the following procedures referred to in Annex III: (a) EU-type examination (Module B) and, at the choice of the manufacturer, any of the following: (i) conformity to type based on internal production control plus supervised product checks at random intervals (Module C2); (ii) conformity to type based on quality assurance of the production process (Module D); (iii) conformity to type based on product quality assurance (Module E); (iv) conformity to type based on product verification (Module F); (b) conformity based on unit verification (Module G). Article 21 EU declaration of conformity 1. The EU declaration of conformity shall state that the fulfilment of the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II has been demonstrated. 2. The EU declaration of conformity shall have the model structure set out in Annex IV, shall contain the elements specified in the relevant modules set out in Annex III and shall be continuously updated. It shall be translated into the language or languages required by the Member State in which the explosive is placed or made available on the market. 3. Where an explosive is subject to more than one Union act requiring an EU declaration of conformity, a single EU declaration of conformity shall be drawn up in respect of all such Union acts. That declaration shall contain the identification of the Union acts concerned including their publication references. 4. By drawing up the EU declaration of conformity, the manufacturer shall assume responsibility for the compliance of the explosive with the requirements laid down in this Directive. Article 22 General principles of the CE marking The CE marking shall be subject to the general principles set out in Article 30 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008. Article 23 Rules and conditions for affixing the CE marking 1. The CE marking shall be affixed visibly, legibly and indelibly to the explosive. Where that is not possible or not warranted on account of the nature of the explosive, it shall be affixed to the packaging and to the accompanying documents. 2. The CE marking shall be affixed before the explosive is placed on the market. 3. The CE marking shall be followed by the identification number of the notified body, where that body is involved in the production control phase. The identification number of the notified body shall be affixed by the body itself or, under its instructions, by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. 4. The CE marking and, where applicable, the identification number of the notified body may be followed by any other mark indicating a special risk or use. 5. In cases of explosives manufactured for own use, explosives transported and delivered unpackaged or in Mobile Explosives Manufacturing Units (MEMUs) for their direct unloading into the blast-hole, and explosives manufactured at the blasting sites which are loaded immediately after being produced (in situ production), the CE marking shall be affixed to the accompanying documents. 6. Member States shall build upon existing mechanisms to ensure correct application of the regime governing the CE marking and shall take appropriate action in the event of improper use of that marking. CHAPTER 5 NOTIFICATION OF CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT BODIES Article 24 Notification Member States shall notify the Commission and the other Member States of bodies authorised to carry out third-party conformity assessment tasks under this Directive. Article 25 Notifying authorities 1. Member States shall designate a notifying authority that shall be responsible for setting up and carrying out the necessary procedures for the assessment and notification of conformity assessment bodies and the monitoring of notified bodies, including compliance with Article 30. 2. Member States may decide that the assessment and monitoring referred to in paragraph 1 shall be carried out by a national accreditation body within the meaning of and in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 765/2008. Article 26 Requirements relating to notifying authorities 1. A notifying authority shall be established in such a way that no conflict of interest with conformity assessment bodies occurs. 2. A notifying authority shall be organised and operated so as to safeguard the objectivity and impartiality of its activities. 3. A notifying authority shall be organised in such a way that each decision relating to notification of a conformity assessment body is taken by competent persons different from those who carried out the assessment. 4. A notifying authority shall not offer or provide any activities that conformity assessment bodies perform or consultancy services on a commercial or competitive basis. 5. A notifying authority shall safeguard the confidentiality of the information it obtains. 6. A notifying authority shall have a sufficient number of competent personnel at its disposal for the proper performance of its tasks. Article 27 Information obligation on notifying authorities Member States shall inform the Commission of their procedures for the assessment and notification of conformity assessment bodies and the monitoring of notified bodies, and of any changes thereto. The Commission shall make that information publicly available. Article 28 Requirements relating to notified bodies 1. For the purposes of notification, a conformity assessment body shall meet the requirements laid down in paragraphs 2 to 11. 2. A conformity assessment body shall be established under the national law of a Member State and have legal personality. 3. A conformity assessment body shall be a third-party body independent of the organisation or the explosive it assesses. 4. A conformity assessment body, its top level management and the personnel responsible for carrying out the conformity assessment tasks shall not be the designer, manufacturer, supplier, installer, purchaser, owner, user or maintainer of explosives nor the representative of any of those parties. This shall not preclude the use of explosives that are necessary for the operations of the conformity assessment body or the use of explosives for personal purposes. A conformity assessment body, its top level management and the personnel responsible for carrying out the conformity assessment tasks shall not be directly involved in the design, manufacture or construction, marketing, installation, use or maintenance of explosives or represent the parties engaged in those activities. They shall not engage in any activity that may conflict with their independence of judgement or integrity in relation to conformity assessment activities for which they are notified. This shall in particular apply to consultancy services. Conformity assessment bodies shall ensure that the activities of their subsidiaries or subcontractors do not affect the confidentiality, objectivity or impartiality of their conformity assessment activities. 5. Conformity assessment bodies and their personnel shall carry out the conformity assessment activities with the highest degree of professional integrity and requisite technical competence in the specific field and shall be free from all pressures and inducements, particularly financial, which might influence their judgement or the results of their conformity assessment activities, especially as regards persons or groups of persons with an interest in the results of those activities. 6. A conformity assessment body shall be capable of carrying out all the conformity assessment tasks assigned to it by Annex III and in relation to which it has been notified, whether those tasks are carried out by the conformity assessment body itself or on its behalf and under its responsibility. At all times and for each conformity assessment procedure and each kind or category of explosives in relation to which it has been notified, a conformity assessment body shall have at its disposal the necessary: (a) personnel with technical knowledge and sufficient and appropriate experience to perform the conformity assessment tasks; (b) descriptions of procedures in accordance with which conformity assessment is carried out, ensuring the transparency and the ability of reproduction of those procedures. It shall have appropriate policies and procedures in place that distinguish between tasks it carries out as a notified body and other activities; (c) procedures for the performance of activities which take due account of the size of an undertaking, the sector in which it operates, its structure, the degree of complexity of the product technology in question and the mass or serial nature of the production process. A conformity assessment body shall have the means necessary to perform the technical and administrative tasks connected with the conformity assessment activities in an appropriate manner and shall have access to all necessary equipment or facilities. 7. The personnel responsible for carrying out the conformity assessment tasks shall have the following: (a) sound technical and vocational training covering all the conformity assessment activities in relation to which the conformity assessment body has been notified; (b) satisfactory knowledge of the requirements of the assessments they carry out and adequate authority to carry out those assessments; (c) appropriate knowledge and understanding of the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II, of the applicable harmonised standards and of the relevant provisions of Union harmonisation legislation and national legislation; (d) the ability to draw up certificates, records and reports demonstrating that assessments have been carried out. 8. The impartiality of the conformity assessment bodies, their top level management and of the personnel responsible for carrying out the conformity assessment tasks shall be guaranteed. The remuneration of the top level management and personnel responsible for carrying out the conformity assessment tasks of a conformity assessment body shall not depend on the number of assessments carried out or on the results of those assessments. 9. Conformity assessment bodies shall take out liability insurance unless liability is assumed by the State in accordance with national law, or the Member State itself is directly responsible for the conformity assessment. 10. The personnel of a conformity assessment body shall observe professional secrecy with regard to all information obtained in carrying out their tasks under Annex III or any provision of national law giving effect to it, except in relation to the competent authorities of the Member State in which its activities are carried out. Proprietary rights shall be protected. 11. Conformity assessment bodies shall participate in, or ensure that their personnel responsible for carrying out the conformity assessment tasks are informed of the relevant standardisation activities and the activities of the notified body coordination group established under the relevant Union harmonisation legislation and shall apply as general guidance the administrative decisions and documents produced as a result of the work of that group. Article 29 Presumption of conformity of conformity assessment bodies Where a conformity assessment body demonstrates its conformity with the criteria laid down in the relevant harmonised standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union it shall be presumed to comply with the requirements set out in Article 28 insofar as the applicable harmonised standards cover those requirements. Article 30 Subsidiaries of and subcontracting by notified bodies 1. Where a notified body subcontracts specific tasks connected with conformity assessment or has recourse to a subsidiary, it shall ensure that the subcontractor or the subsidiary meets the requirements set out in Article 28 and shall inform the notifying authority accordingly. 2. Notified bodies shall take full responsibility for the tasks performed by subcontractors or subsidiaries wherever these are established. 3. Activities may be subcontracted or carried out by a subsidiary only with the agreement of the client. 4. Notified bodies shall keep at the disposal of the notifying authority the relevant documents concerning the assessment of the qualifications of the subcontractor or the subsidiary and the work carried out by them under Annex III. Article 31 Application for notification 1. A conformity assessment body shall submit an application for notification to the notifying authority of the Member State in which it is established. 2. The application for notification shall be accompanied by a description of the conformity assessment activities, the conformity assessment module or modules and the explosive or explosives for which that body claims to be competent, as well as by an accreditation certificate, where one exists, issued by a national accreditation body attesting that the conformity assessment body fulfils the requirements laid down in Article 28. 3. Where the conformity assessment body concerned cannot provide an accreditation certificate, it shall provide the notifying authority with all the documentary evidence necessary for the verification, recognition and regular monitoring of its compliance with the requirements laid down in Article 28. Article 32 Notification procedure 1. Notifying authorities may notify only conformity assessment bodies which have satisfied the requirements laid down in Article 28. 2. They shall notify the Commission and the other Member States using the electronic notification tool developed and managed by the Commission. 3. The notification shall include full details of the conformity assessment activities, the conformity assessment module or modules and explosive or explosives concerned and the relevant attestation of competence. 4. Where a notification is not based on an accreditation certificate as referred to in Article 31(2), the notifying authority shall provide the Commission and the other Member States with documentary evidence which attests to the conformity assessment body’s competence and the arrangements in place to ensure that that body will be monitored regularly and will continue to satisfy the requirements laid down in Article 28. 5. The body concerned may perform the activities of a notified body only where no objections are raised by the Commission or the other Member States within two weeks of a notification where an accreditation certificate is used or within two months of a notification where accreditation is not used. Only such a body shall be considered a notified body for the purposes of this Directive. 6. The notifying authority shall notify the Commission and the other Member States of any subsequent relevant changes to the notification. Article 33 Identification numbers and lists of notified bodies 1. The Commission shall assign an identification number to a notified body. It shall assign a single such number even where the body is notified under several Union acts. 2. The Commission shall make publicly available the list of the bodies notified under this Directive, including the identification numbers that have been assigned to them and the activities for which they have been notified. The Commission shall ensure that the list is kept up to date. Article 34 Changes to notifications 1. Where a notifying authority has ascertained or has been informed that a notified body no longer meets the requirements laid down in Article 28 or that it is failing to fulfil its obligations, the notifying authority shall restrict, suspend or withdraw notification as appropriate, depending on the seriousness of the failure to meet those requirements or fulfil those obligations. It shall immediately inform the Commission and the other Member States accordingly. 2. In the event of restriction, suspension or withdrawal of notification, or where the notified body has ceased its activity, the notifying Member State shall take appropriate steps to ensure that the files of that body are either processed by another notified body or kept available for the responsible notifying and market surveillance authorities at their request. Article 35 Challenge of the competence of notified bodies 1. The Commission shall investigate all cases where it doubts, or doubt is brought to its attention regarding, the competence of a notified body or the continued fulfilment by a notified body of the requirements and responsibilities to which it is subject. 2. The notifying Member State shall provide the Commission, on request, with all information relating to the basis for the notification or the maintenance of the competence of the notified body concerned. 3. The Commission shall ensure that all sensitive information obtained in the course of its investigations is treated confidentially. 4. Where the Commission ascertains that a notified body does not meet or no longer meets the requirements for its notification, it shall adopt an implementing act requesting the notifying Member State to take the necessary corrective measures, including withdrawal of notification if necessary. That implementing act shall be adopted in accordance with the advisory procedure referred to in Article 49(2). Article 36 Operational obligations of notified bodies 1. Notified bodies shall carry out conformity assessments in accordance with the conformity assessment procedures provided for in Annex III. 2. Conformity assessments shall be carried out in a proportionate manner, avoiding unnecessary burdens for economic operators. Conformity assessment bodies shall perform their activities taking due account of the size of an undertaking, the sector in which it operates, its structure, the degree of complexity of the product technology in question and the mass or serial nature of the production process. In so doing they shall nevertheless respect the degree of rigour and the level of protection required for the compliance of the explosive with this Directive. 3. Where a notified body finds that the essential safety requirements set out in Annex II or corresponding harmonised standards or other technical specifications have not been met by a manufacturer, it shall require that manufacturer to take appropriate corrective measures and shall not issue a certificate of conformity. 4. Where, in the course of the monitoring of conformity following the issue of a certificate, a notified body finds that an explosive no longer complies, it shall require the manufacturer to take appropriate corrective measures and shall suspend or withdraw the certificate if necessary. 5. Where corrective measures are not taken or do not have the required effect, the notified body shall restrict, suspend or withdraw any certificates, as appropriate. Article 37 Appeal against decisions of notified bodies Member States shall ensure that an appeal procedure against decisions of the notified bodies is available. Article 38 Information obligation on notified bodies 1. Notified bodies shall inform the notifying authority of the following: (a) any refusal, restriction, suspension or withdrawal of a certificate; (b) any circumstances affecting the scope of or conditions for notification; (c) any request for information which they have received from market surveillance authorities regarding conformity assessment activities; (d) on request, conformity assessment activities performed within the scope of their notification and any other activity performed, including cross-border activities and subcontracting. 2. Notified bodies shall provide the other bodies notified under this Directive carrying out similar conformity assessment activities covering the same explosives with relevant information on issues relating to negative and, on request, positive conformity assessment results. Article 39 Exchange of experience The Commission shall provide for the organisation of exchange of experience between the Member States’ national authorities responsible for notification policy. Article 40 Coordination of notified bodies The Commission shall ensure that appropriate coordination and cooperation between bodies notified under this Directive are put in place and properly operated in the form of a sectoral group of notified bodies. Member States shall ensure that the bodies notified by them participate in the work of that group, directly or by means of designated representatives. CHAPTER 6 UNION MARKET SURVEILLANCE, CONTROL OF EXPLOSIVES ENTERING THE UNION MARKET AND UNION SAFEGUARD PROCEDURE Article 41 Union market surveillance and control of explosives entering the Union market Articles 16 to 29 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 shall apply to explosives. Member States shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that explosives may be placed on the market only if, when properly stored and used for their intended purpose, they do not endanger the health or safety of persons. Article 42 Procedure for dealing with explosives presenting a risk at national level 1. Where the market surveillance authorities of one Member State have sufficient reason to believe that an explosive presents a risk to the health or safety of persons, or to property or the environment, they shall carry out an evaluation in relation to the explosive concerned covering all relevant requirements laid down in this Directive. The relevant economic operators shall cooperate as necessary with the market surveillance authorities for that purpose. Where, in the course of the evaluation referred to in the first subparagraph, the market surveillance authorities find that the explosive does not comply with the requirements laid down in this Directive, they shall without delay require the relevant economic operator to take all appropriate corrective actions to bring the explosive into compliance with those requirements, to withdraw the explosive from the market, or to recall it within a reasonable period, commensurate with the nature of the risk, as they may prescribe. The market surveillance authorities shall inform the relevant notified body accordingly. Article 21 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 shall apply to the measures referred to in the second subparagraph of this paragraph. 2. Where the market surveillance authorities consider that non-compliance is not restricted to their national territory, they shall inform the Commission and the other Member States of the results of the evaluation and of the actions which they have required the economic operator to take. 3. The economic operator shall ensure that all appropriate corrective action is taken in respect of all the explosives concerned that it has made available on the market throughout the Union. 4. Where the relevant economic operator does not take adequate corrective action within the period referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 1, the market surveillance authorities shall take all appropriate provisional measures to prohibit or restrict the explosive’s being made available on their national market, to withdraw the explosive from that market or to recall it. The market surveillance authorities shall inform the Commission and the other Member States, without delay, of those measures. 5. The information referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 4 shall include all available details, in particular the data necessary for the identification of the non-compliant explosive, the origin of the explosive, the nature of the non-compliance alleged and the risk involved, the nature and duration of the national measures taken and the arguments put forward by the relevant economic operator. In particular, the market surveillance authorities shall indicate whether the non-compliance is due to either of the following: (a) failure of the explosive to meet requirements relating to the health or safety of persons, or to the protection of property or the environment; or (b) shortcomings in the harmonised standards referred to in Article 19 conferring a presumption of conformity. 6. Member States other than the Member State initiating the procedure under this Article shall without delay inform the Commission and the other Member States of any measures adopted and of any additional information at their disposal relating to the non-compliance of the explosive concerned, and, in the event of disagreement with the adopted national measure, of their objections. 7. Where, within three months of receipt of the information referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 4, no objection has been raised by either a Member State or the Commission in respect of a provisional measure taken by a Member State, that measure shall be deemed justified. 8. Member States shall ensure that appropriate restrictive measures, such as withdrawal of the explosive from the market are taken in respect of the explosive concerned without delay. Article 43 Union safeguard procedure 1. Where, on completion of the procedure set out in Article 42(3) and (4), objections are raised against a measure taken by a Member State, or where the Commission considers a national measure to be contrary to Union legislation, the Commission shall without delay enter into consultation with the Member States and the relevant economic operator or operators and shall evaluate the national measure. On the basis of the results of that evaluation, the Commission shall adopt an implementing act determining whether the national measure is justified or not. The Commission shall address its decision to all Member States and shall immediately communicate it to them and the relevant economic operator or operators. 2. If the national measure is considered justified, all Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that the non-compliant explosive is withdrawn from their market, and shall inform the Commission accordingly. If the national measure is considered unjustified, the Member State concerned shall withdraw that measure. 3. Where the national measure is considered justified and the non-compliance of the explosive is attributed to shortcomings in the harmonised standards referred to in point (b) of Article 42(5) of this Directive, the Commission shall apply the procedure provided for in Article 11 of Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012. Article 44 Compliant explosives which present a risk 1. Where, having carried out an evaluation under Article 42(1), a Member State finds that although an explosive is in compliance with this Directive, it presents a risk to the health or safety of persons, or to property or the environment, it shall require the relevant economic operator to take all appropriate measures to ensure that the explosive concerned, when placed on the market, no longer presents that risk, to withdraw the explosive from the market or to recall it within a reasonable period, commensurate with the nature of the risk, as it may prescribe. 2. The economic operator shall ensure that corrective action is taken in respect of all the explosives concerned that he has made available on the market throughout the Union. 3. The Member State shall immediately inform the Commission and the other Member States. That information shall include all available details, in particular the data necessary for the identification of the explosive concerned, the origin and the supply chain of the explosive, the nature of the risk involved and the nature and duration of the national measures taken. 4. The Commission shall without delay enter into consultation with the Member States and the relevant economic operator or operators and shall evaluate the national measures taken. On the basis of the results of that evaluation, the Commission shall decide by means of implementing acts whether the national measure is justified or not, and where necessary, propose appropriate measures. The implementing acts referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 49(3). On duly justified imperative grounds of urgency relating to the protection of health and safety of persons, or to the protection of property or the environment, the Commission shall adopt immediately applicable implementing acts in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 49(4). 5. The Commission shall address its decision to all Member States and shall immediately communicate it to them and the relevant economic operator or operators. Article 45 Formal non-compliance 1. Without prejudice to Article 42, where a Member State makes one of the following findings, it shall require the relevant economic operator to put an end to the non-compliance concerned: (a) the CE marking has been affixed in violation of Article 30 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 or of Article 23 of this Directive; (b) the CE marking has not been affixed; (c) the identification number of the notified body, where that body is involved in the production control phase, has been affixed in violation of Article 23 or has not been affixed; (d) the EU declaration of conformity has not been drawn up; (e) the EU declaration of conformity has not been drawn up correctly; (f) technical documentation is either not available or not complete; (g) the information referred to in Article 5(5) or Article 7(3) is absent, false or incomplete; (h) any other administrative requirement provided for in Article 5 or Article 7 is not fulfilled. 2. Where the non-compliance referred to in paragraph 1 persists, the Member State concerned shall take all appropriate measures to restrict or prohibit the explosive being made available on the market or ensure that it is recalled or withdrawn from the market. CHAPTER 7 DELEGATED AND IMPLEMENTING POWERS AND COMMITTEE Article 46 Delegated power The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 47 updating Annex I in order to align it to the United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. Article 47 Exercise of the delegation 1. The power to adopt delegated acts is conferred on the Commission subject to the conditions laid down in this Article. 2. The power to adopt delegated acts referred to in Article 46 shall be conferred on the Commission for five years from 18 April 2014. The Commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the five-year period. The delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration, unless the European Parliament or the Council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period. 3. The delegation of power referred to in Article 46 may be revoked at any time by the European Parliament or by the Council. A decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision. It shall take effect the day following the publication of the decision in the Official Journal of the European Union or at a later date specified therein. It shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force. 4. As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify it simultaneously to the European Parliament and to the Council. 5. A delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 46 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council. Article 48 Implementing acts The Commission shall adopt implementing acts setting out the technical arrangements for the application of Article 11, in particular the model document to be used. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 49(3). Article 49 Committee procedure 1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Committee on Civil Explosives. That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011. 2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 4 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply. 3. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply. 4. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 8 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011, in conjunction with Article 5 thereof, shall apply. 5. The committee shall be consulted by the Commission on any matter for which consultation of sectoral experts is required by Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 or by any other Union legislation. The committee may furthermore examine any other matter concerning the application of this Directive raised either by its chair or by a representative of a Member State in accordance with its rules of procedure. CHAPTER 8 TRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS Article 50 Penalties Member States shall lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements by economic operators of the provisions of national law adopted pursuant to this Directive and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are enforced. Such rules may include criminal penalties for serious infringements. The penalties provided for shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. Article 51 Transitional provisions 1. Member States shall not impede the making available on the market of explosives covered by Directive 93/15/EEC which are in conformity with that Directive and which were placed on the market before 20 April 2016. 2. Certificates issued under Directive 93/15/EEC shall be valid under this Directive. 3. Until replaced by the measures adopted pursuant to Article 15 of this Directive, Commission Directive 2008/43/EC of 4 April 2008 setting up, pursuant to Council Directive 93/15/EEC, a system for the identification and traceability of explosives for civil uses (14) shall continue to apply. Article 52 Transposition 1. Member States shall adopt and publish, by 19 April 2016, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with points 2, 7 to 13 and 15 to 24 of Article 2, Articles 3 to 10, Article 14(1), Articles 15 and 16, point (i) of point (a) of Article 20, Articles 21 to 27, Article 28(1) to (4), (6), (7), (10) and (11), Articles 29 to 45, 50 and 51 and Annexes III and IV. They shall forthwith communicate the text of those measures to the Commission. They shall apply those measures from 20 April 2016. When Member States adopt those measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. They shall also include a statement that references in existing laws, regulations and administrative provisions to the Directive repealed by this Directive shall be construed as references to this Directive. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made and how that statement is to be formulated. 2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive. Article 53 Repeal Directive 93/15/EEC as amended by the Regulations listed in Annex V, Part A, and Directive 2004/57/EC are repealed with effect from 20 April 2016, without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time-limits for the transposition into national law and the dates of application of the Directives set out in Annex V, Part B. References to the repealed Directives shall be construed as references to this Directive and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex VI. Article 54 Entry into force and application This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. Article 1, points 1, 3 to 6 and 14 of Article 2, Articles 11, 12 and 13, Article 14(2), Articles 17 to 19, points (ii) to (iv) of point (a) and point (b) of Article 20, Article 28(5), (8) and (9), Articles 46, 47, 48 and 49 and Annexes I, II, V and VI shall apply from 20 April 2016. Article 55 Addressees This Directive is addressed to the Member States. Done at Strasbourg, 26 February 2014. For the European Parliament The President M. SCHULZ For the Council The President D. KOURKOULAS (1) OJ C 181, 21.6.2012, p. 105. (2) Position of the European Parliament of 5 February 2014 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and decision of the Council of 20 February 2014. (3) OJ L 121, 15.5.1993, p. 20. (4) See Annex V, Part A. (5) OJ L 127, 29.4.2004, p. 73. (6) OJ L 218, 13.8.2008, p. 30. (7) OJ L 218, 13.8.2008, p. 82. (8) OJ L 10, 14.1.1997, p. 13. (9) OJ L 178, 28.6.2013, p. 27. (10) OJ L 256, 13.9.1991, p. 51. (11) OJ L 316, 14.11.2012, p. 12. (12) OJ L 82, 22.3.1997, p. 1. (13) OJ L 55, 28.2.2011, p. 13. (14) OJ L 94, 5.4.2008, p. 8. ANNEX I ARTICLES CONSIDERED IN THE RELEVANT UNITED NATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS TO BE PYROTECHNIC OR AMMUNITION UN No NAME and DESCRIPTION CLASS/DIVISION GLOSSARY (to be used as a guide for information only) Group G 0009 Ammunition, Incendiary with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.2 G Ammunition Generic term related mainly to articles of military application consisting of all kind of bombs, grenades, rockets, mines, projectiles and other similar devices. Ammunition, Incendiary Ammunition containing incendiary substance. Except when the composition is an explosive per se, it also contains one or more of the following: a propelling charge with primer and igniter charge; a fuze with burster or expelling charge. 0010 Ammunition, Incendiary with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0009 0015 Ammunition, Smoke with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.2 G Ammunition, Smoke Ammunition containing smoke-producing substance. Except when the substance is an explosive per se, the ammunition also contains one or more of the following: a propelling charge with primer and igniter charge; a fuze with burster or expelling charge. 0016 Ammunition, Smoke with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0015 0018 Ammunition, Tear-producing with burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.2 G Ammunition, Tear-producing with burster, expelling charge or propelling charge Ammunition containing tear-producing substance. It also contains one or more of the following: a pyrotechnic substance; a propelling charge with primer and igniter charge; a fuze with burster or expelling charge. 0019 Ammunition, Tear-producing with burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0018 0039 Bombs, photo-flash 1.2 G Bombs Explosive articles which are dropped from aircraft. They may contain a flammable liquid with bursting charge, a photo-flash composition or a bursting charge. The term includes: bombs, photo-flash. 0049 Cartridges, Flash 1.1 G Cartridges, Flash Articles consisting of a casing, a primer and flash powder, all assembled in one piece ready for firing. 0050 Cartridges, Flash 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0049 0054 Cartridges, Signal 1.3 G Cartridges, Signal Articles designed to fire coloured flares or other signals from signal pistols, etc. 0066 Cord, Igniter 1.4 G Cord, Igniter Article consisting of textile yarns covered with black powder or another fast burning pyrotechnic composition and of a flexible protective covering; or it consists of a core of black powder surrounded by a flexible woven fabric: It burns progressively along its length with an external flame and is used to transmit ignition from a device to a charge. 0092 Flares, Surface 1.3 G Flares Articles containing pyrotechnic substances which are designed for use to illuminate, identify, signal or warn. 0093 Flares, Aerial 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0092 0101 Fuse, non-detonating 1.3 G Fuse/Fuze Although these two words have a common origin (French fusée, fusil) and are sometimes considered to be different spellings, it is useful to maintain the convention that fuse refers to a cord-like igniting device whereas fuze refers to a device used in ammunition which incorporates mechanical, electrical, chemical or hydrostatic components to initiate a train by deflagration or detonation. Fuse, instantaneous, non-detonating (quick-match) Article consisting of cotton yarns impregnated with fine black powder (quickmatch). It burns with an external flame and is used in ignition trains for fireworks, etc. 0103 Fuse, Igniter, tubular, metal clad 1.4 G Fuse, igniter, tubular, metal clad Article consisting of a metal tube with a core of deflagrating explosive. 0171 Ammunition, illuminating with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.2 G Ammunition, illuminating with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge Ammunition designed to produce a single source of intense light for lighting up an area. The term includes illuminating cartridges, grenades and projectiles; and illuminating and target identification bombs. 0191 Signal devices, hand 1.4 G Articles designed to produce signals. 0192 Signals, railway track, explosive 1.1 G See Entry for UN No 0191 0194 Signals, distress, ship 1.1 G See Entry for UN No 0191 0195 Signals, distress, ship 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0191 0196 Signals, smoke 1.1 G See Entry for UN No 0191 0197 Signals, smoke 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0191 0212 Tracers for ammunition 1.3 G Tracers for ammunition Sealed articles containing pyrotechnic substances, designed to reveal the trajectory of a projectile. 0254 Ammunition, illuminating with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0171 0297 Ammunition, illuminating with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0254 0299 Bombs, photo-flash 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0039 0300 Ammunition, incendiary with or without burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0009 0301 Ammunition, tear-producing with burster, expelling charge 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0018 0303 Ammunition, smoke with or without burster, expelling charge 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0015 0306 Tracers for ammunition 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0212 0312 Cartridges, signal 1.4 G Cartridges, signal Articles designed to fire coloured flares or other signals from signal pistols. 0313 Signals, smoke 1.2 G See Entry for UN No 0195 0318 Grenades, practice, hand or rifle 1.3 G Grenades hand or rifle Articles which are designed to be thrown by hand or to be projected by a rifle. The term includes: Grenades practice, hand or rifle. 0319 Primers, tubular 1.3 G Primers, tubular Articles consisting of a primer for ignition and an auxiliary charge of deflagrating explosive such as black powder used to ignite the propelling charge in a cartridge case, e.g. cannon. 0320 Primers, tubular 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0319 0333 Fireworks 1.1 G Fireworks Pyrotechnic articles designed for entertainment. 0334 Fireworks 1.2 G See Entry for UN No 0333 0335 Fireworks 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0333 0336 Fireworks 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0333 0362 Ammunition, practice 1.4 G Ammunition, practice Ammunition without a main bursting charge, containing a burster or expelling charge. Normally it also contains a fuze and a propelling charge. 0363 Ammunition, proof 1.4 G Ammunition, proof Ammunition containing pyrotechnic substances, used to test the performance or strength of new ammunition, weapon component or assemblies. 0372 Grenades, practice, hand or rifle 1.2 G See Entry for UN No 0318 0373 Signal devices, hand 1.4 S See Entry for UN No 0191 0403 Flares, aerial 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0092 0418 Flares, surface 1.2 G See Entry for UN No 0092 0419 Flares, surface 1.1 G See Entry for UN No 0092 0420 Flares, aerial 1.1 G See Entry for UN No 0092 0421 Flares, aerial 1.2 G See Entry for UN No 0092 0424 Projectiles, inert with tracer 1.3 G Projectiles Articles such as a shell or bullet which are projected from a cannon or other artillery gun, rifle or other small arm. They may be inert, with or without tracer, or may contain a burster or expelling charge or a bursting charge. The term includes: Projectiles, inert, with tracer; projectiles with burster or expelling charge; projectiles with bursting charge. 0425 Projectiles, inert with tracer 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0424 0428 Articles, pyrotechnic for technical purposes 1.1 G Articles, pyrotechnic for technical purposes Articles which contain pyrotechnic substances and are used for technical purposes such as heat generation, gas generation, theatrical effects, etc. The term excludes the following articles which are listed separately: all ammunition; cartridges, signal; cutters, cable, explosive; fireworks; flares, aerial; flares, surface; release devices, explosive; rivets, explosive; signal devices, hand; signals, distress; signals, railway track, explosive; signals, smoke. 0429 Articles, pyrotechnic for technical purposes 1.2 G See Entry for UN No 0428 0430 Articles, pyrotechnic for technical purposes 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0428 0431 Articles, pyrotechnic for technical purposes 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0428 0434 Projectiles with burster or expel-ling charge 1.2 G Projectiles Articles such as a shell or bullet which are projected from a cannon or other artillery gun, rifle or other small arm. They may be inert, with or without tracer, or may contain a burster or expelling charge or a bursting charge. The term includes: projectiles, inert, with tracer; projectiles with burster or expelling charge; projectiles with bursting charge. 0435 Projectiles with burster or expelling charge 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0434 0452 Grenades, practice, hand or rifle 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0372 0487 Signal, smoke 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0194 0488 Ammunition, practice 1.3 G Ammunition, practice Ammunition without a main bursting charge, containing a burster or expelling charge. Normally it also contains a fuze and a propelling charge. The term excludes the following articles which are listed separately: Grenades, practice. 0492 Signals, railway track, explosive 1.3 G See Entry for UN No 0194 0493 Signals, railway track, explosive 1.4 G See Entry for UN No 0194 0503 Air bag inflators, or Airbag modules, or seat belt pre-tensioners, 1.4 G Group S 0110 Grenades, practice, hand or rifle 1.4 S See Entry for UN No 0318 0193 Signals, railway track, explosive 1.4 S See Entry for UN No 0194 0337 Fireworks 1.4 S See Entry for UN No 0334 0345 Projectiles, inert with tracer 1.4 S Projectiles Articles such as a shell or bullet which are projected from a cannon or other artillery gun, rifle or other small arm. They may be inert, with or without tracer, or may contain a burster or expelling charge or a bursting charge. 0376 Primers, tubular 1.4 S See Entry for UN No 0319 0404 Flares, aerial 1.4 S See Entry for UN No 0092 0405 Cartridges, signal 1.4 S Cartridges, Signal Articles designed to fire coloured flares or other signals from signal pistols, etc. 0432 Articles, pyrotechnic or technical purpose 1.4 S ANNEX II ESSENTIAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS I. General requirements 1. Each explosive must be designed, manufactured and supplied in such a way as to present a minimal risk to the safety of human life and health, and to prevent damage to property and the environment under normal, foreseeable conditions, in particular as regards the safety rules and standard practices until it is used. 2. Each explosive must attain the performance characteristics specified by the manufacturer in order to ensure maximum safety and reliability. 3. Each explosive must be designed and manufactured in such a way that when appropriate techniques are employed it can be disposed of in a manner which minimises effects on the environment. II. Special requirements 1. As a minimum, the following information and properties, where appropriate, must be considered or tested: (a) design and characteristic properties, including chemical composition, degree of homogeneity and, where appropriate, dimensions and grain size distribution; (b) the physical and chemical stability of the explosive in all environmental conditions to which it may be exposed; (c) sensitiveness to impact and friction; (d) compatibility of all components as regards their physical and chemical stability; (e) the chemical purity of the explosive; (f) resistance of the explosive against influence of water where it is intended to be used in humid or wet conditions and where its safety or reliability may be adversely affected by water; (g) resistance to low and high temperatures, where the explosive is intended to be kept or used at such temperatures and its safety or reliability may be adversely affected by cooling or heating of a component or of the explosive as a whole; (h) the suitability of the explosive for use in hazardous environments (e.g. firedamp atmospheres, hot masses) if it is intended to be used under such conditions; (i) safety features intended to prevent untimely or inadvertent initiation or ignition; (j) the correct loading and functioning of the explosive when used for its intended purpose; (k) suitable instructions and, where necessary, markings in respect of safe handling, storage, use and disposal; (l) the ability of the explosive, its wrapping or other components to withstand deterioration during storage until the ‘use by’ date specified by the manufacturer; (m) specification of all devices and accessories needed for reliable and safe functioning of the explosive. 2. Each explosive shall be tested under realistic conditions. If this is not possible in a laboratory, the tests shall be carried out in the conditions in which the explosive is to be used. 3. Requirements for the groups of explosives 3.1. Blasting explosives shall also comply with the following requirements: (a) the proposed method of initiation must ensure safe, reliable and complete detonation or deflagration as appropriate, of the blasting explosive. In the particular case of black powder, it is the capacity as regards deflagration which shall be checked; (b) blasting explosives in cartridge form must transmit the detonation safely and reliably from one end of the train of cartridges to the other; (c) the fumes produced by blasting explosives intended for underground use may contain carbon monoxide, nitrous gases, other gases, vapours or airborne solid residues only in quantities which do not impair health under normal operating conditions. 3.2. Detonating cords, safety fuses, other fuses and shock tubes shall also comply with the following requirements: (a) the covering of detonating cords, safety fuses, other fuses and shock tubes must be of adequate mechanical strength and adequately protect the explosive filling when exposed to normal mechanical stress; (b) the parameters for the burning times of safety fuses must be indicated and must be reliably met; (c) detonating cords must be capable of being reliably initiated, be of sufficient initiation capability and comply with requirements as regards storage even in particular climatic conditions. 3.3. Detonators (including delay detonators) and relays shall also comply with the following requirements: (a) detonators must reliably initiate the detonation of the blasting explosives which are intended to be used with them under all foreseeable conditions of use; (b) delay connectors for detonating cords must be reliably initiated; (c) the initiation capability must not be adversely affected by humidity; (d) the delay times of delay detonators must be sufficiently uniform to ensure that the probability of overlapping of the delay times of adjacent time steps is insignificant; (e) the electrical characteristics of electric detonators must be indicated on the packaging (e.g. no-fire current, resistance); (f) the wires of electric detonators must be of sufficient insulation and mechanical strength including the solidity of the link to the detonator, taking account of their intended use. 3.4. Propellants and rocket propellants shall also comply with the following requirements: (a) these materials must not detonate when used for their intended purpose; (b) propellants where necessary (e.g. those based on nitrocellulose) must be stabilised against decomposition; (c) solid rocket propellants, when in compressed or cast form, must not contain any unintentional fissures or gas bubbles which dangerously affect their functioning. ANNEX III CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES MODULE B EU-type examination 1. EU-type examination is the part of a conformity assessment procedure in which a notified body examines the technical design of an explosive and verifies and attests that the technical design of the explosive meets the requirements of this Directive that apply to it. 2. EU-type examination shall be carried out as an assessment of the adequacy of the technical design of the explosive through examination of the technical documentation and supporting evidence referred to in point 3, plus examination of a specimen, representative of the production envisaged, of the complete product (combination of production type and design type). 3. The manufacturer shall lodge an application for EU-type examination with a single notified body of his choice. The application shall include: (a) the name and address of the manufacturer and, if the application is lodged by the authorised representative, his name and address as well; (b) a written declaration that the same application has not been lodged with any other notified body; (c) the technical documentation. The technical documentation shall make it possible to assess the explosive’s conformity with the applicable requirements of this Directive and shall include an adequate analysis and assessment of the risk(s). The technical documentation shall specify the applicable requirements and cover, as far as relevant for the assessment, the design, manufacture and operation of the explosive. The technical documentation shall contain wherever applicable, at least the following elements: (i) a general description of the explosive; (ii) conceptual design and manufacturing drawings and schemes of components, sub-assemblies, circuits, etc.; (iii) descriptions and explanations necessary for the understanding of those drawings and schemes and the operation of the explosive; (iv) a list of the harmonised standards applied in full or in part the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union and, where those harmonised standards have not been applied, descriptions of the solutions adopted to meet the essential safety requirements of this Directive, including a list of other relevant technical specifications applied. In the event of partly applied harmonised standards, the technical documentation shall specify the parts which have been applied; (v) results of design calculations made, examinations carried out, etc.; (vi) test reports; (d) the specimens representative of the production envisaged. The notified body may request further specimens if needed for carrying out the test programme; (e) the supporting evidence for the adequacy of the technical design solution. This supporting evidence shall mention any documents that have been used, in particular where the relevant harmonised standards have not been applied in full. The supporting evidence shall include, where necessary, the results of tests carried out in accordance with other relevant technical specifications by the appropriate laboratory of the manufacturer, or by another testing laboratory on his behalf and under his responsibility. 4. The notified body shall: For the explosive: 4.1. examine the technical documentation and supporting evidence to assess the adequacy of the technical design of the explosive. For the specimen(s): 4.2. verify that the specimen(s) have been manufactured in conformity with the technical documentation and identify the elements which have been designed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the relevant harmonised standards, as well as the elements which have been designed in accordance with other relevant technical specifications; 4.3. carry out appropriate examinations and tests, or have them carried out, to check whether, where the manufacturer has chosen to apply the solutions in the relevant harmonised standards, these have been applied correctly; 4.4. carry out appropriate examinations and tests, or have them carried out, to check whether, where the solutions in the relevant harmonised standards have not been applied, the solutions adopted by the manufacturer applying other relevant technical specifications meet the corresponding essential safety requirements of this Directive; 4.5. agree with the manufacturer on a location where the examinations and tests will be carried out. 5. The notified body shall draw up an evaluation report that records the activities undertaken in accordance with point 4 and their outcomes. Without prejudice to its obligations vis-à-vis the notifying authorities, the notified body shall release the content of that report, in full or in part, only with the agreement of the manufacturer. 6. Where the type meets the requirements of this Directive that apply to the explosive concerned, the notified body shall issue an EU-type examination certificate to the manufacturer. That certificate shall contain the name and address of the manufacturer, the conclusions of the examination, the conditions (if any) for its validity and the necessary data for identification of the approved type. The EU-type examination certificate may have one or more annexes attached. The EU-type examination certificate and its annexes shall contain all relevant information to allow the conformity of manufactured explosives with the examined type to be evaluated and to allow for in-service control. Where the type does not satisfy the applicable requirements of this Directive, the notified body shall refuse to issue an EU-type examination certificate and shall inform the applicant accordingly, giving detailed reasons for its refusal. 7. The notified body shall keep itself apprised of any changes in the generally acknowledged state of the art which indicate that the approved type may no longer comply with the applicable requirements of this Directive, and shall determine whether such changes require further investigation. If so, the notified body shall inform the manufacturer accordingly. The manufacturer shall inform the notified body that holds the technical documentation relating to the EU-type examination certificate of all modifications to the approved type that may affect the conformity of the explosive with the essential safety requirements of this Directive or the conditions for validity of that certificate. Such modifications shall require additional approval in the form of an addition to the original EU-type examination certificate. 8. Each notified body shall inform its notifying authority concerning the EU-type examination certificates and/or any additions thereto which it has issued or withdrawn, and shall, periodically or upon request, make available to its notifying authority the list of such certificates and/or any additions thereto refused, suspended or otherwise restricted. Each notified body shall inform the other notified bodies concerning the EU-type examination certificates and/or any additions thereto which it has refused, withdrawn, suspended or otherwise restricted, and, upon request, concerning such certificates and/or additions thereto which it has issued. The Commission, the Member States and the other notified bodies may, on request, obtain a copy of the EU-type examination certificates and/or additions thereto. On request, the Commission and the Member States may obtain a copy of the technical documentation and the results of the examinations carried out by the notified body. The notified body shall keep a copy of the EU-type examination certificate, its annexes and additions, as well as the technical file including the documentation submitted by the manufacturer, until the expiry of the validity of that certificate. 9. The manufacturer shall keep a copy of the EU-type examination certificate, its annexes and additions together with the technical documentation at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. 10. The manufacturer’s authorised representative may lodge the application referred to in point 3 and fulfil the obligations set out in points 7 and 9, provided that they are specified in the mandate. MODULE C 2 Conformity to type based on internal production control plus supervised product checks at random intervals 1. Conformity to type based on internal production control plus supervised product checks at random intervals is the part of a conformity assessment procedure whereby the manufacturer fulfils the obligations laid down in points 2, 3 and 4, and ensures and declares on his sole responsibility that the explosives concerned are in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfy the requirements of this Directive that apply to them. 2. Manufacturing The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary so that the manufacturing process and its monitoring ensure conformity of the manufactured explosives with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the requirements of this Directive that apply to them. 3. Product checks A notified body, chosen by the manufacturer, shall carry out product checks or have them carried out at random intervals determined by that body, in order to verify the quality of the internal checks on the explosive, taking into account, inter alia, the technological complexity of the explosives and the quantity of production. An adequate sample of the final products, taken on site by the notified body before the placing on the market, shall be examined and appropriate tests as identified by the relevant parts of the harmonised standards and/or equivalent tests set out in other relevant technical specifications, shall be carried out to check the conformity of the explosive with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the relevant requirements of this Directive. Where a sample does not conform to the acceptable quality level, the notified body shall take appropriate measures. The acceptance sampling procedure to be applied is intended to determine whether the manufacturing process of the explosive performs within acceptable limits, with a view to ensuring conformity of the explosive. The manufacturer shall, under the responsibility of the notified body, affix the notified body’s identification number during the manufacturing process. 4. CE marking and EU declaration of conformity 4.1. The manufacturer shall affix the CE marking to each individual explosive that is in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfies the applicable requirements of this Directive. 4.2. The manufacturer shall draw up a written EU declaration of conformity for each explosive type and keep it at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. The EU declaration of conformity shall identify the explosive type for which it has been drawn up. A copy of the EU declaration of conformity shall be made available to the relevant authorities upon request. 5. Authorised representative The manufacturer’s obligations set out in point 4 may be fulfilled by his authorised representative, on his behalf and under his responsibility, provided that they are specified in the mandate. MODULE D Conformity to type based on quality assurance of the production process 1. Conformity to type based on quality assurance of the production process is the part of a conformity assessment procedure whereby the manufacturer fulfils the obligations laid down in points 2 and 5, and ensures and declares on his sole responsibility that the explosives concerned are in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfy the requirements of this Directive that apply to them. 2. Manufacturing The manufacturer shall operate an approved quality system for production, final product inspection and testing of the explosives concerned as specified in point 3, and shall be subject to surveillance as specified in point 4. 3. Quality system 3.1. The manufacturer shall lodge an application for assessment of his quality system with the notified body of his choice, for the explosives concerned. The application shall include: (a) the name and address of the manufacturer and, if the application is lodged by the authorised representative, his name and address as well; (b) a written declaration that the same application has not been lodged with any other notified body; (c) all relevant information for the explosive category envisaged; (d) the documentation concerning the quality system; (e) the technical documentation of the approved type and a copy of the EU-type examination certificate. 3.2. The quality system shall ensure that the explosives are in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and comply with the requirements of this Directive that apply to them. All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. The quality system documentation shall permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records. It shall, in particular, contain an adequate description of: (a) the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to product quality; (b) the corresponding manufacturing, quality control and quality assurance techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used; (c) the examinations and tests that will be carried out before, during and after manufacture, and the frequency with which they will be carried out; (d) the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports on the personnel concerned, etc.; (e) the means of monitoring the achievement of the required product quality and the effective operation of the quality system. 3.3. The notified body shall assess the quality system to determine whether it satisfies the requirements referred to in point 3.2. It shall presume conformity with those requirements in respect of the elements of the quality system that comply with the corresponding specifications of the relevant harmonised standard. In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall have at least one member with experience of evaluation in the relevant product field and product technology concerned, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The audit shall include an assessment visit to the manufacturer’s premises. The auditing team shall review the technical documentation referred to in point (e) of point 3.1 to verify the manufacturer’s ability to identify the relevant requirements of this Directive and to carry out the necessary examinations with a view to ensuring compliance of the explosive with those requirements. The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the audit and the reasoned assessment decision. 3.4. The manufacturer shall undertake to fulfil the obligations arising out of the quality system as approved and to maintain it so that it remains adequate and efficient. 3.5. The manufacturer shall keep the notified body that has approved the quality system informed of any intended change to the quality system. The notified body shall evaluate any proposed changes and decide whether the modified quality system will continue to satisfy the requirements referred to in point 3.2 or whether a reassessment is necessary. It shall notify the manufacturer of its decision. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision. 4. Surveillance under the responsibility of the notified body 4.1. The purpose of surveillance is to make sure that the manufacturer duly fulfils the obligations arising out of the approved quality system. 4.2. The manufacturer shall, for assessment purposes, allow the notified body access to the manufacture, inspection, testing and storage sites and shall provide it with all necessary information, in particular: (a) the quality system documentation; (b) the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports on the personnel concerned, etc. 4.3. The notified body shall carry out periodic audits to make sure that the manufacturer maintains and applies the quality system and shall provide the manufacturer with an audit report. 4.4. In addition, the notified body may pay unexpected visits to the manufacturer. During such visits the notified body may, if necessary, carry out product tests, or have them carried out, in order to verify that the quality system is functioning correctly. The notified body shall provide the manufacturer with a visit report and, if tests have been carried out, with a test report. 5. CE marking and EU declaration of conformity 5.1. The manufacturer shall affix the CE marking, and, under the responsibility of the notified body referred to in point 3.1, the latter’s identification number to each individual explosive that is in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfies the applicable requirements of this Directive. 5.2. The manufacturer shall draw up a written EU declaration of conformity for each explosive type and keep it at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. The EU declaration of conformity shall identify the explosive type for which it has been drawn up. A copy of the EU declaration of conformity shall be made available to the relevant authorities upon request. 6. The manufacturer shall, for a period ending 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market, keep at the disposal of the national authorities: (a) the documentation referred to in point 3.1; (b) the information relating to the change referred to in point 3.5, as approved; (c) the decisions and reports of the notified body referred to in points 3.5, 4.3 and 4.4. 7. Each notified body shall inform its notifying authority of quality system approvals issued or withdrawn, and shall, periodically or upon request, make available to its notifying authority the list of quality system approvals refused, suspended or otherwise restricted. Each notified body shall inform the other notified bodies of quality system approvals which it has refused, suspended, withdrawn or otherwise restricted, and, upon request, of quality system approvals which it has issued. 8. Authorised representative The manufacturer’s obligations set out in points 3.1, 3.5, 5 and 6 may be fulfilled by his authorised representative, on his behalf and under his responsibility, provided that they are specified in the mandate. MODULE E Conformity to type based on product quality assurance 1. Conformity to type based on product quality assurance is that part of a conformity assessment procedure whereby the manufacturer fulfils the obligations laid down in points 2 and 5, and ensures and declares on his sole responsibility that the explosives concerned are in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfy the requirements of this Directive that apply to them. 2. Manufacturing The manufacturer shall operate an approved quality system for final product inspection and testing of the explosives concerned as specified in point 3 and shall be subject to surveillance as specified in point 4. 3. Quality system 3.1. The manufacturer shall lodge an application for assessment of his quality system with the notified body of his choice, for the explosives concerned. The application shall include: (a) the name and address of the manufacturer and, if the application is lodged by the authorised representative, his name and address as well; (b) a written declaration that the same application has not been lodged with any other notified body; (c) all relevant information for the explosive category envisaged; (d) the documentation concerning the quality system; (e) the technical documentation of the approved type and a copy of the EU-type examination certificate. 3.2. The quality system shall ensure compliance of the explosives with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the applicable requirements of this Directive. All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. This quality system documentation shall permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records. It shall, in particular, contain an adequate description of: (a) the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to product quality; (b) the examinations and tests that will be carried out after manufacture; (c) the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports on the personnel concerned, etc.; (d) the means of monitoring the effective operation of the quality system. 3.3. The notified body shall assess the quality system to determine whether it satisfies the requirements referred to in point 3.2. It shall presume conformity with those requirements in respect of the elements of the quality system that comply with the corresponding specifications of relevant harmonised standard. In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall have at least one member with experience of evaluation in the relevant product field and product technology concerned, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The audit shall include an assessment visit to the manufacturer’s premises. The auditing team shall review the technical documentation referred to in point (e) of point 3.1, in order to verify the manufacturer’s ability to identify the relevant requirements of this Directive and to carry out the necessary examinations with a view to ensuring compliance of the explosive with those requirements. The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the audit and the reasoned assessment decision. 3.4. The manufacturer shall undertake to fulfil the obligations arising out of the quality system as approved and to maintain it so that it remains adequate and efficient. 3.5. The manufacturer shall keep the notified body that has approved the quality system informed of any intended change to the quality system. The notified body shall evaluate any proposed changes and decide whether the modified quality system will continue to satisfy the requirements referred to in point 3.2 or whether a reassessment is necessary. It shall notify the manufacturer of its decision. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision. 4. Surveillance under the responsibility of the notified body 4.1. The purpose of surveillance is to make sure that the manufacturer duly fulfils the obligations arising out of the approved quality system. 4.2. The manufacturer shall, for assessment purposes, allow the notified body access to the manufacture, inspection, testing and storage sites and shall provide it with all necessary information, in particular: (a) the quality system documentation; (b) the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports on the personnel concerned, etc. 4.3. The notified body shall carry out periodic audits to make sure that the manufacturer maintains and applies the quality system and shall provide the manufacturer with an audit report. 4.4. In addition, the notified body may pay unexpected visits to the manufacturer. During such visits the notified body may, if necessary, carry out product tests, or have them carried out, in order to verify that the quality system is functioning correctly. The notified body shall provide the manufacturer with a visit report and, if tests have been carried out, with a test report. 5. CE marking and EU declaration of conformity 5.1. The manufacturer shall affix the CE marking, and, under the responsibility of the notified body referred to in point 3.1, the latter’s identification number to each individual explosive that is in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfies the applicable requirements of this Directive. 5.2. The manufacturer shall draw up a written EU declaration of conformity for each explosive type and keep it at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. The EU declaration of conformity shall identify the explosive type for which it has been drawn up. A copy of the EU declaration of conformity shall be made available to the relevant authorities upon request. 6. The manufacturer shall, for a period ending 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market, keep at the disposal of the national authorities: (a) the documentation referred to in point 3.1; (b) the information relating to the change referred to in point 3.5, as approved; (c) the decisions and reports of the notified body referred to in points 3.5, 4.3 and 4.4. 7. Each notified body shall inform its notifying authority of quality system approvals issued or withdrawn, and shall, periodically or upon request, make available to its notifying authority the list of quality system approvals refused, suspended or otherwise restricted. Each notified body shall inform the other notified bodies of quality system approvals which it has refused, suspended or withdrawn, and, upon request, of quality system approvals which it has issued. 8. Authorised representative The manufacturer’s obligations set out in points 3.1, 3.5, 5 and 6 may be fulfilled by his authorised representative, on his behalf and under his responsibility, provided that they are specified in the mandate. MODULE F Conformity to type based on product verification 1. Conformity to type based on product verification is the part of a conformity assessment procedure whereby the manufacturer fulfils the obligations laid down in points 2, 5.1 and 6, and ensures and declares on his sole responsibility that the explosives concerned, which have been subject to the provisions of point 3, are in conformity with the type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfy the requirements of this Directive that apply to them. 2. Manufacturing The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary so that the manufacturing process and its monitoring ensure conformity of the manufactured explosives with the approved type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the requirements of this Directive that apply to them. 3. Verification A notified body chosen by the manufacturer shall carry out appropriate examinations and tests in order to check the conformity of the explosives with the approved type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the appropriate requirements of this Directive. The examinations and tests to check the conformity of the explosives with the appropriate requirements shall be carried out, at the choice of the manufacturer, either by examination and testing of every product as specified in point 4 or by examination and testing of the explosives on a statistical basis as specified in point 5. 4. Verification of conformity by examination and testing of every product 4.1. All explosives shall be individually examined and appropriate tests set out in the relevant harmonised standard(s) and/or equivalent tests set out in other relevant technical specifications shall be carried out in order to verify conformity with the approved type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the appropriate requirements of this Directive. In the absence of such a harmonised standard, the notified body concerned shall decide on the appropriate tests to be carried out. 4.2. The notified body shall issue a certificate of conformity in respect of the examinations and tests carried out, and shall affix its identification number to each approved explosive or have it affixed under its responsibility. The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity available for inspection by the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. 5. Statistical verification of conformity 5.1. The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary so that the manufacturing process and its monitoring ensure the homogeneity of each lot produced, and shall present his explosives for verification in the form of homogeneous lots. 5.2. A random sample shall be taken from each lot. All explosives in a sample shall be individually examined and appropriate tests set out in the relevant harmonised standard(s) and/or equivalent tests set out in other relevant technical specifications, shall be carried out in order to verify their conformity with the approved type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the applicable requirements of this Directive and to determine whether the lot is accepted or rejected. In the absence of such a harmonised standard, the notified body concerned shall decide on the appropriate tests to be carried out. 5.3. If a lot is accepted, all explosives of the lot shall be considered approved, except for those explosives from the sample that have been found not to satisfy the tests. The notified body shall issue a certificate of conformity in respect to the examinations and tests carried out, and shall affix its identification number to each approved explosive or have it affixed under its responsibility. The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. 5.4. If a lot is rejected, the notified body or the competent authority shall take appropriate measures to prevent the placing on the market of that lot. In the event of the frequent rejection of lots the notified body may suspend the statistical verification and take appropriate measures. 6. CE marking and EU declaration of conformity 6.1. The manufacturer shall affix the CE marking, and, under the responsibility of the notified body referred to in point 3, the latter’s identification number to each individual explosive that is in conformity with the approved type described in the EU-type examination certificate and satisfies the applicable requirements of this Directive. 6.2. The manufacturer shall draw up a written EU declaration of conformity for each explosive type and keep it at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. The EU declaration of conformity shall identify the explosive type for which it has been drawn up. A copy of the EU declaration of conformity shall be made available to the relevant authorities upon request. If the notified body referred to in point 3 agrees and under its responsibility, the manufacturer may also affix the notified body’s identification number to the explosives. If the notified body agrees and under its responsibility, the manufacturer may affix the notified body’s identification number to the explosives during the manufacturing process. 7. Authorised representative The manufacturer’s obligations may be fulfilled by his authorised representative, on his behalf and under his responsibility, provided that they are specified in the mandate. An authorised representative may not fulfil the manufacturer’s obligations set out in points 2 and 5.1. MODULE G Conformity based on unit verification 1. Conformity based on unit verification is the conformity assessment procedure whereby the manufacturer fulfils the obligations laid down in points 2, 3 and 5, and ensures and declares on his sole responsibility that the explosive concerned, which has been subject to the provisions of point 4, is in conformity with the requirements of this Directive that apply to it. 2. Technical documentation 2.1. The manufacturer shall establish the technical documentation and make it available to the notified body referred to in point 4. The documentation shall make it possible to assess the explosive’s conformity with the relevant requirements, and shall include an adequate analysis and assessment of the risk(s). The technical documentation shall specify the applicable requirements and cover, as far as relevant for the assessment, the design, manufacture and operation of the explosive. The technical documentation shall, wherever applicable, contain at least the following elements: (a) a general description of the explosive; (b) conceptual design and manufacturing drawings and schemes of components, sub-assemblies, circuits, etc.; (c) descriptions and explanations necessary for the understanding of those drawings and schemes and the operation of the explosive; (d) a list of the harmonised standards applied in full or in part the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union and, where those harmonised standards have not been applied, descriptions of the solutions adopted to meet the essential safety requirements of this Directive, including a list of other relevant technical specifications applied. In the case of partly applied harmonised standards, the technical documentation shall specify the parts which have been applied; (e) results of design calculations made, examinations carried out, etc., and (f) test reports. 2.2. The manufacturer shall keep the technical documentation at the disposal of the relevant national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. 3. Manufacturing The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary so that the manufacturing process and its monitoring ensure conformity of the manufactured explosive with the applicable requirements of this Directive. 4. Verification A notified body chosen by the manufacturer shall carry out appropriate examinations and tests, set out in the relevant harmonised standards and/or equivalent tests set out in other relevant technical specifications, to check the conformity of the explosive with the applicable requirements of this Directive, or have them carried out. In the absence of such a harmonised standard the notified body concerned shall decide on the appropriate tests to be carried out. The notified body shall issue a certificate of conformity in respect of the examinations and tests carried out and shall affix its identification number to the approved explosive, or have it affixed under its responsibility. The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. 5. CE marking and EU declaration of conformity 5.1. The manufacturer shall affix the CE marking and, under the responsibility of the notified body referred to in point 4, the latter’s identification number to each explosive that satisfies the applicable requirements of this Directive. 5.2. The manufacturer shall draw up a written EU declaration of conformity and keep it at the disposal of the national authorities for 10 years after the explosive has been placed on the market. The EU declaration of conformity shall identify the explosive for which it has been drawn up. A copy of the EU declaration of conformity shall be made available to the relevant authorities upon request. 6. Authorised representative The manufacturer’s obligations set out in points 2.2 and 5 may be fulfilled by his authorised representative, on his behalf and under his responsibility, provided that they are specified in the mandate. ANNEX IV EU DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY (No XXXX) (1) 1. No … (product, type, batch or serial number): 2. Name and address of the manufacturer and, where applicable, his authorised representative: 3. This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer. 4. Object of the declaration (identification of product allowing traceability): 5. The object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonisation legislation: 6. References to the relevant harmonised standards used or references to the other technical specifications in relation to which conformity is declared: 7. The notified body … (name, number) performed … (description of intervention) and issued the certificate: 8. Additional information: Signed for and on behalf of: (place and date of issue): (name, function) (signature): (1) It is optional for the manufacturer to assign a number to the declaration of conformity. ANNEX V PART A Repealed Directives with list of the successive amendments thereto (referred to in Article 53) Council Directive 93/15/EEC (OJ L 121, 15.5.1993, p. 20). Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1). Only point (13) of Annex II Regulation (EC) No 219/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 87, 31.3.2009, p. 109). Only point 2.2 of the Annex Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 316, 14.11.2012, p. 12). Only point (b) of Article 26(1) Commission Directive 2004/57/EC (OJ L 127, 29.4.2004, p. 73). PART B Time-limits for transposition into national law and dates of application (referred to in Article 53) Directive Time-limit for transposition Date of application 93/15/EEC (Articles 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14) 30 September 1993 30 September 1993 93/15/EEC (all other articles) 30 June 1994 1 January 1995 2004/57/EC 31 December 2004 31 January 2005 ANNEX VI CORRELATION TABLE Directive 93/15/EEC Directive 2004/57/EC This Directive Article 1(1) Article 1(1) Article 1(2) Article 2(1) Article 1(3) Article 1(2) Article 1(4) Article 2(3) to (6), (8), (13) and (14) — Article 2(2), (7), (9) to (12) and (15) to (24) Article 1(5) Article 1(3) Article 2(1) Article 3 Article 2(2) Article 4 Article 2(3) Article 22 Article 3 Article 4 and Article 5(1) — Article 5(2) to (8) — Article 6 — Article 7 — Article 8 — Article 9 Article 10 Article 4(1) Article 19 Article 4(2) — Article 5 Article 43(3) Article 6(1) Article 20 — Article 21 — Articles 24 to 27 Article 6(2) Articles 28 to 40 Article 7(1) Articles 22 and 23 Article 7(2) Article 22 Article 7(3) Article 22 — Article 41 Article 8(1) Articles 42 and 44 Article 8(2) Article 43 Article 8(3) Article 45 Article 9(1) Article 11(1) Article 9(2) — Article 9(3) Article 11(2) Article 9(4) Article 11(3) Article 9(5) Article 11(4) Article 9(6) Article 11(6) Article 9(7) Article 11(5) Article 9(8) Article 11(7) Article 9(9) Article 11(8) Article 10(1) Article 12(1) Article 10(2) Article 12(2) Article 10(3) Article 12(3) Article 10(4) Article 12(4) Article 10(5) Article 12(5) Article 11 Article 13 Article 12(1) Article 14(1) Article 12(2) Article 14(2) Article 13(1) Article 49(1) Article 13(2) — Article 13(3) Articles 46 and 47 — Article 48 Article 13(4) Article 49(2) to (5) Article 13(5) Articles 46 and 47 Article 14, first paragraph Article 16 Article 14, second paragraph Article 15(1) and (4) Article 14, third paragraph Article 15(2) and (4) Article 14, fourth paragraph Article 15(3) Article 15 — Article 16 Article 17 Article 17 Article 50 Article 18 Article 18 Article 19 Articles 51 and 52 — Article 53 — Article 54 Article 20 Article 55 Article 1 — Article 2 — Article 3 — Article 4 — Article 5 — Annex I Annex I Annex II — Annex I Annex II Annex II Annex III Annex III Article 28 Annex IV Article 22 — Annex IV — Annex V — Annex VI STATEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT The European Parliament considers that only when and in so far as implementing acts in the sense of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 are discussed in meetings of committees, can the latter be considered as ‘comitology committees’ within the meaning of Annex I to the Framework Agreement on the relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission. Meetings of committees thus fall within the scope of point 15 of the Framework Agreement when and insofar as other issues are discussed.

Summary: Ensuring safe explosives for non-military use Ensuring safe explosives for non-military use European Union (EU) policy on explosives for civil uses has three key aims. These are: i) to establish a single EU market for trade in explosives for civil uses; ii) to harmonise their safety requirements at a high level of protection; iii) to set up an administrative system to supervise transfers of explosives and ammunition. ACT Directive 2014/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses (recast). SUMMARY WHAT DOES THIS DIRECTIVE DO? It sets out rules for the placing on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses in the EU. It does not apply to: explosives intended for use by the armed forces or the police; pyrotechnic articles; or ammunition (subject to exceptions). KEY POINTS The directive lays down manufacturers’, importers’ and distributors’ responsibilities with respect to the trade in commercial explosives. Explosives made available on the EU market must bear the CE conformity mark to show that they meet all essential safety requirements under EU law. To obtain the CE mark, the manufacturer must carry out a conformity assessment, draw up detailed technical documentation for the products and make sure they are traceable. Importers must check whether manufacturers have carried out conformity assessments correctly and inform the national authority appointed to monitor safety if they believe the explosive represents a risk. All necessary documentation must be recorded and kept for 10 years. Documentation and safety information must be written in a language easily understood by end-users. Manufacturers and importers must give their postal address on the explosive. Distributors must check that the explosive bears the CE mark and that it is accompanied by the required documents and by instructions written in a language easily understood by end-users in the country of destination. If they believe the explosives represent a risk, they must inform the national authority appointed to monitor safety accordingly. The directive also: lays down requirements for the bodies carrying out conformity assessments, which must be independent and impartial; specifies the steps to be taken by national market surveillance authorities to identify non-compliant products, prevent the import of dangerous products from non-EU countries and take all appropriate corrective action. WHEN DOES THE DIRECTIVE APPLY? The directive will apply from 20 April 2016. It replaces Directive 93/15/EEC as of 20.4.2016. REFERENCES Act Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal Directive 2014/28/EU 18.4.2014 19.4.2016 OJ L 96, 29.3.2014, pp. 1-44 last update 12.02.2015