 The fruit bodies of V. bohemica grow singly or scattered on the ground in woods in early spring , often before the appearance of the morel , and throughout the morel season . It is often found along riverbanks , near cottonwoods , willows and aspens , often buried in plant litter . The fungus prefers to fruit in moist areas with ample sunlight . Its minimum growth temperature is 3 ° C ( 37 ° F ) , with an optimum of 22 ° C ( 72 ° F ) , and a maximum of about 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ) . A study of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios indicated that Verpa bohemica is saprobic , that is , obtaining nutrients from decomposing organic matter . It has been suggested , however , that the fungus is mycorrhizal for at least part of its life cycle . The fungus has a wide distribution throughout northern North America ; its range extends south to the Great Lakes in the Midwestern United States , and south to northern California on the West Coast . In Europe , the fungus is widely distributed , and has been collected from Austria , the Czech Republic , Denmark , Finland , Germany , Norway , Poland , Russia , Slovenia , Spain , Sweden , and the Ukraine . In Asia , it has been recorded from India and Turkey . 
 The fruit bodies of V. bohemica grow singly or scattered on the ground in woods in early spring , often before the appearance of the morel , and throughout the morel season . It is often found along riverbanks , near cottonwoods , willows and aspens , often buried in plant litter . The fungus <a href='uninflect' title='1'><mark>prefers</mark></a> to fruit in moist areas with ample sunlight . Its minimum growth temperature <a href='drop_aux' title='2'><mark>is</mark></a>3 ° C ( 37 ° F ) , with an optimum of 22 ° C ( 72 ° F ) , and a maximum of about 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ) . A study of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios indicated that Verpa bohemica is saprobic , that is , obtaining nutrients from decomposing organic matter . It <a href='been_done' title='3'><mark>has</mark></a> been suggested , however , that the fungus is mycorrhizal for at least part of its life cycle . The fungus <a href='got' title='4'><mark>has</mark></a> a wide distribution throughout northern North America ; its range <a href='uninflect' title='5'><mark>extends</mark></a> south to the Great Lakes in the Midwestern United States , and south to northern California on the West Coast . In Europe , the fungus is widely distributed , and <a href='been_done' title='6'><mark>has</mark></a> been collected from Austria , the Czech Republic , Denmark , Finland , Germany , Norway , Poland , Russia , Slovenia , Spain , Sweden , and the Ukraine . In Asia , it <a href='been_done' title='7'><mark>has</mark></a> been recorded from India and Turkey . 
Da fruit bodies of V. bohemica grow singly or scattered on tdaground in woods in early spring , often b4 the appearance of thdaorel , and throughout the morel season . It is often found along riverbanks , near cottonwoods , willows and aspens , often buried in plant litter . The fungus prefer to fruit in moist areas with ample sunlight . Its minimum growth temperature 3 ° C ( 37 ° F ) , wit an optimum of 22 ° C ( 72 ° fuc ) , and a maximum of bout 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ) . A study of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios indicated dat Verpa bohemica is saprobic , that is , obtaining nutrients from decomposing organic matter . It done been suggested , however , tdatthedangus is mycorrhizal for at least part of its life cycle . The fungus got a wide distribution throughout northern North America ; its range extend south to the daat Lakes in the Mdaestern United States , and south to northern California on the West Coast . In Europe , the fungus is widely distributed , and done been collected from Austria , the Czda Republic , Denmark , Finland , Germany , Norway , Poland , Russia , Slovenia , Spain , Sweden , and the Ukrdae . In Asia , it done been recorded from India and Turkey .