有哪些生物医学的研究在将来有可能获得诺贝尔奖？
以下是汤姆路透集团基于文献引用数据，从2002年到2014年每年评选出的引文桂冠名单，里面有12人（18%）已经获得了诺贝尔奖，其他人也很有机会在未来获得诺贝尔奖。从研究机构来看，MIT在这个名单上的教授数量是最多的，包括第一个原癌基因的发现者Robert A. Weinberg。 Hall of Citation Laureates Shizuo Akira Professor, Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan C. David Allis Tri-Institutional Professor and Joy and Jack Fishman Professor, Head, Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, Rockefeller University, NY USA Victor R. Ambros Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA USA Sir Michael J. Berridge, FRS Deputy Scientific Director and Head, Molecular Signaling, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Honorary Professor of Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Bruce A. Beutler 2011 Professor and Chairman, Department of Genetics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Adrian P. Bird Buchanan Professor of Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland United Kingdom Elizabeth H. Blackburn 2009 Morris Herztein Professor of Biology and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Mario R. Capecchi 2007 Distinguished Professor of Biology and Human Genetics and Co-Chairman, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Howard Cedar Edmond J. Safra Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Pierre Chambon Former Director, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Universitat Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France; and Professor, College de France, Paris, France. Robert L. Coffman Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, Dynavax Technologies, Berkeley, CA USA Douglas L. Coleman Senior Staff Scientist Emeritus, Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME USA Francis S. Collins Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, Senior Investigator, Genome Technology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Rory Collins Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK James E. Darnell, Jr. Vincent Astor Professor Emeritus, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Brian J. Druker JELD-WEN Chair of Leukemia Research, and Director, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland OR USA R. John Ellis, F.R.S Professor, Emeritus, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK. Ronald M. Evans Professor and March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Sir Martin Evans 2007 Director of the School of Biosciences and Professor of Mammalian Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Jeffrey M. Friedman Marilyn M. Simpson Professor, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Fred H. Gage Professor, Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA Carol W. Greider 2009 Daniel Nathans Professor and Director, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Michael Grunstein Distinguished Professor of Biological Chemistry, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA F. Ulrich Hartl Managing Director, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany Jules A. Hoffmann 2011 President, French Academy of Sciences, Paris, France Arthur Horwich Eugene Higgins Professor of Genetics and Pediatrics at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator Anthony "Tony" R. Hunter American Cancer Society Professor, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, and Renato Dulbecco Chair, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, and Adjunct Professor, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA Richard O. Hynes Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research, David O. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA; also Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Sir Alec J. Jefferys, FRS Professor, Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK † Elwood V. Jensen John and Gladys Strauss Professor of Cancer Research, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Charles Huggins Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA David Julius Morris Herzstein Chair in Molecular Biology and Medicine, Professor and Chair of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA Daniel J. Klionsky Alexander G. Ruthven Professor of Life Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Alfred G. Knudson Jr. Senior Advisor to the President and Fox Distinguished Scientist, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pa. Eric S. Lander Professor of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, Mass., Director of the Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Mass. Robert S. Langer David H. Koch Institute Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Charles Lee Professor and Scientific Director, Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT USA Nicholas B. Lydon Founder, Granite Biopharma, LLC, Jackson Hole, WY USA; Co-founder and Director, AnaptysBio, San Diego, CA USA; and Co-founder and Director, Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, MA USA Joan Massague Chairman of Cell Biology Program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Professor, Weill-Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator. † Ernest A. McCulloch Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Jacques F. A. P. Miller Emeritus Professor, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia Noboru Mizushima Professor, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Timothy R. Mosmann Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Michael and Angela Pichichero Director in the David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA † Yasutomi Nishizuka President Emeritus of Kobe University, Former Professor and Chairman, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan Seiji Ogawa Director, formerly with Ogawa Laboratories for Brain Function Research, Hamano Life Science Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (closed in March 2008) Yoshinori Ohsumi Professor, Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan † Anthony "Tony" J. Pawson Distinguished Scientist and Apotex Chair in Molecular Oncology, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, and Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Sir Richard Peto FRS, Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Aharon Razin Professor Biochemistry Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Robert G. Roeder Arnold and Mabel Beckman Professor, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA James E. Rothman 2013 Wallace Professor of Biomedical Sciences, Professor and Chairman of Cell Biology, Professor of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Erkki Ruoslahti Distinguished Professor, Center for Nanomedicine, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Gary Ruvkun Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Massachusetts General Hospital, both Boston, MA USA Charles L. Sawyers Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Chair in Human Oncology and Pathogenesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA. Also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Randy Schekman 2013 Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Stephen W. Scherer Senior Scientist and Director, The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children; Professor and Director, McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON CANADA Dennis J. Slamon Professor, Chief, and Executive Vice Chair for Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, and Director of Revlon/UCLA Women's Cancer Research Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA Oliver Smithies 2007 Excellence Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. † Ralph M. Steinman 2011 Henry G. Kunkel Professor and Senior Physician, Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Jack W. Szostak 2009 Professor of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Masatoshi Takeichi Director, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan James E. Till Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Robert Tjian Professor of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA, and President, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA Joseph P. Vacanti John Homans Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Surgeon-in-Chief and Chief of the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Director of the Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA J. Craig Venter President, The Center for Advancement of Genomics, Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, and Venter Science Foundation, Rockville, Md Bert Vogelstein Professor of Oncology and Pathology with a Joint Appointment in Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Robert A. Weinberg Daniel K. Ludwig and American Cancer Society Professor for Cancer Research MIT, Cambridge, Mass., Member, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Mass. Michael H. Wigler Professor and Head, Mammalian Cell Genetics Section, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA Shinya Yamanaka 2012 Director, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application and Professor, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Senior Investigator, Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA USA; and Professor of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA