Dorothea Lynde Dix
{"id": "ld1-1643399756728-1643399803327-0", "version": "", "unitCode": "NPG", "linkedId": "", "type": "edanmdm", "content": {"descriptiveNonRepeating": {"record_ID": "npg_NPG.97.38", "online_media": {"mediaCount": 2, "media": [{"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPG-NPG_97_38", "idsId": "NPG-NPG_97_38", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/tr254224272-60a8-4224-b937-bbbe8ecf713f", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPG-NPG_97_38", "resources": [{"label": "High-resolution TIFF", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-NPG_97_38.tif", "width": 3322, "height": 4000}, {"width": 3322, "height": 4000, "label": "High-resolution JPEG", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-NPG_97_38.jpg", "dimensions": "3322x4000"}, {"label": "Screen Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-NPG_97_38_screen"}, {"label": "Thumbnail Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-NPG_97_38_thumb"}]}, {"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPG-9700076A_2", "idsId": "NPG-9700076A_2", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/tr2eb214389-d5bc-4dd8-b1c4-a5145821d59e", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPG-9700076A_2", "resources": [{"label": "High-resolution TIFF", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-9700076A_2.tif", "width": 3251, "height": 4000}, {"width": 3251, "height": 4000, "label": "High-resolution JPEG", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-9700076A_2.jpg", "dimensions": "3251x4000"}, {"label": "Screen Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-9700076A_2_screen"}, {"label": "Thumbnail Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NPG-9700076A_2_thumb"}]}]}, "unit_code": "NPG", "title_sort": "DOROTHEA LYNDE DIX", "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4d5057b99-ae94-4073-84df-fa6390dc6511", "record_link": "https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_NPG.97.38", "title": {"label": "Title", "content": "Dorothea Lynde Dix"}, "metadata_usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "data_source": "National Portrait Gallery"}, "indexedStructured": {"date": ["1860s"], "exhibition": [{"exhibitionTitle": "Civil War Gallery Rehang", "building": "NPG", "room": "East Gallery 111"}], "object_type": ["Paintings"], "name": ["Waugh, Samuel Bell", "Dix, Dorothea Lynde"], "onPhysicalExhibit": ["Yes"], "topic": ["Women", "Medicine and Health", "Nursing", "Humanitarianism", "Society and social change", "Costume", "Jewelry", "Portraits", "Activists", "Reformers", "Brooch"], "online_media_type": ["Images"]}, "freetext": {"setName": [{"label": "See more items in", "content": "National Portrait Gallery Collection"}, {"label": "Exhibition", "content": "2022 Rehang of Out of Many: Portraits from 1600 to 1900"}, {"label": "On View", "content": "NPG, East Gallery 111"}, {"label": "Exhibition", "content": "Civil War Gallery Rehang"}, {"label": "On View", "content": "NPG, East Gallery 111"}], "date": [{"label": "Date", "content": "1868"}], "identifier": [{"label": "Object number", "content": "NPG.97.38"}], "notes": [{"label": "Exhibition Label", "content": "Born Hampden, Maine"}, {"label": "Exhibition Label", "content": "In 1841, teacher, humanitarian, and reformer Dorothea Dix launched a vigorous campaign to secure humane treatment for those living with mental illness. With the outbreak of the Civil War, Dix was appointed superintendent of women nurses, a job she performed without salary for five years. She set strict standards for her nurses, only accepting women over age thirty and decreeing that all nurses should dress plainly. Her autocratic style brought her into conflict with doctors, nurses, and the army bureaucracy, but she was considered an \u00e2\u0080\u009cangel of mercy\u00e2\u0080\u009d by wounded soldiers."}, {"label": "Exhibition Label", "content": "At the end of the war, she returned to mental health advocacy. One of her legacies was St. Elizabeths Hospital, which she helped to found in 1855 as the first federal facility to treat the mentally ill of the army, navy, and the District of Columbia. St. Elizabeths commissioned this portrait of Dix in 1868."}, {"label": "Exhibition Label", "content": "Nacida en Hampden, Maine"}, {"label": "Exhibition Label", "content": "En 1841, la maestra, humanitaria y reformista Dorothea Dix lanz\u00c3\u00b3 una vigorosa campa\u00c3\u00b1a para reclamar el trato compasivo a las personas con enfermedades mentales. Al estallar la Guerra Civil fue nombrada superintendente de enfermeras, labor que desempe\u00c3\u00b1\u00c3\u00b3 sin salario por cinco a\u00c3\u00b1os. Estableci\u00c3\u00b3 normas estrictas para sus enfermeras y aceptaba solo a mayores de 30 a\u00c3\u00b1os, decretando que todas deb\u00c3\u00adan vestir con sencillez. Su estilo autocr\u00c3\u00a1tico caus\u00c3\u00b3 conflicto con los doctores, enfermeras y la burocracia militar, pero los soldados heridos la consideraban un \u00e2\u0080\u009c\u00c3\u00a1ngel de misericordia\u00e2\u0080\u009d."}, {"label": "Exhibition Label", "content": "Al final de la guerra regres\u00c3\u00b3 a su campa\u00c3\u00b1a por la salud mental. Uno de sus legados fue el Hospital St. Elizabeths, el cual ayud\u00c3\u00b3 a fundar en 1855. Fue la primera instalaci\u00c3\u00b3n federal para tratar a enfermos mentales de las fuerzas armadas y el Distrito de Columbia. Este retrato fue encargado por St. Elizabeths en 1868."}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "The sitter; gift to St. Elizabeth\u00e2\u0080\u0099s Hospital, Washington; transferred to NPG 1997"}], "creditLine": [{"label": "Credit Line", "content": "National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; transfer from the St. Elizabeths Hospital Museum"}], "name": [{"label": "Artist", "content": "Samuel Bell Waugh, 1814 - 1885"}, {"label": "Sitter", "content": "Dorothea Lynde Dix, 4 Apr 1802 - 18 Jul 1887"}], "topic": [{"label": "Topic", "content": "Costume\\Jewelry\\Brooch"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "Dorothea Lynde Dix: Female"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "Dorothea Lynde Dix: Society and Social Change\\Reformer\\Activist"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "Dorothea Lynde Dix: Society and Social Change\\Reformer\\Humanitarian"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "Dorothea Lynde Dix: Medicine and Health\\Nurse"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "Portrait"}], "physicalDescription": [{"label": "Medium", "content": "Oil on canvas"}, {"label": "Dimensions", "content": "Stretcher: 68.6 x 55.6 x 2.5cm (27 x 21 7/8 x 1\")"}, {"label": "Dimensions", "content": "Frame: 90.2 x 77.5 x 7.6cm (35 1/2 x 30 1/2 x 3\")"}], "dataSource": [{"label": "Data Source", "content": "National Portrait Gallery"}], "objectRights": [{"label": "Restrictions & Rights", "content": "CC0"}], "objectType": [{"label": "Type", "content": "Painting"}]}}, "url": "edanmdm:npg_NPG.97.38", "hash": "5d3da6c8b717ed2a50134a0b8fb36b9368c05bf9", "docSignature": "b955e40d541613c5fb3847659cb486da", "timestamp": 1665824434, "lastTimeUpdated": 1665824399, "title": "Dorothea Lynde Dix"}