be of suitable material, completely smooth and fitted with rings or bars, at a suitable height, to which the animals may be attached. 2. Where they are not transported in individual boxes, solipeds shall be tied in such a way that they are all facing the same side of the railway wagon or tied facing each other. However, foals and unbroken animals shall not be tied. 3. Large animals shall be loaded in such a way as to allow an attendant to move between them. 4. When assembling trains and during all other movement of railway wagons every precaution shall be taken to avoid jolting a wagon containing animals. 5. Every opportunity shall be taken to check the animals, as provided for in Article 24 of this Convention, whenever the railway wagons stop or weather conditions change. Article 27 Special provisions for transport by road 1. Vehicles in which animals are transported shall be clearly and visibly marked to indicate the presence of live animals. 2. Vehicles shall be driven in a way which ensures smooth acceleration, deceleration and turning. 3. Vehicles shall carry suitable equipment for loading and unloading in compliance with Article 13 of this Convention. 4. Every opportunity shall be taken to check the animals in the vehicle, as provided for in Article 24 of this Convention, whenever the vehicle stops or weather conditions change. Article 28 Special provisions for transport by water (except roll-on/roll-off vessels) 1. So as to ensure that the welfare requirements of the animals transported are met, the competent authority of the country where loading takes place shall inspect before loading is allowed: (a) purpose-built or converted livestock vessels; (b) arrangements on other vessels where the animals are to be transported. 2. An alarm shall be fitted to detect any power failure in the forced ventilation system. An adequate secondary source of power, clearly separated from the primary source, shall be provided to ensure that appropriate forced ventilation is maintained. 3. Animals shall not be transported on open decks unless in containers or other structures, giving adequate protection from sea water. 4. Where animals are walked on and off the vessel, suitable gangways, ramps and walkways shall be provided between the quayside and the vessel's livestock decks. 5. Loading and unloading of animals onto or off livestock vessels shall be supervised by an authorised veterinarian. 6. Animal accommodation, ramps and passageways shall be adequately lit at loading and unloading so that the animals can see where they are going, depending upon the specific requirements of the species. 7. All pens, stalls and containers shall be directly accessible for both the animals and attendants. 8. Passageways for animals shall be appropriate for the species to be transported, in particular they shall not have sharp edges, and sharp corners and protrusions shall be minimised. 9. All parts of the vessel where animals are accommodated shall be provided with facilities which ensure effective drainage and shall be kept in a good sanitary condition. 10. Supplies of clean, fresh water, wholesome feed and appropriate bedding, sufficient for the animals' needs and considering the length of the sea journey, shall be carried on the vessel. 11. Reserve supplies of water, and in the case of long journeys, feed and bedding for the animals shall be carried in case of unforeseen delays. 12. Supplies of feed and bedding shall be stored so as to ensure that they are kept in a dry state, and protected from the weather and the sea. The storage of feed and bedding shall not interfere with ventilation, lighting and drainage systems, or passageways. 13. Drinking and feeding equipment appropriate to the number, size and species of the animals shall be provided. 14. Provisions shall be made for isolating animals which become ill or injured during the journey. 15. In case of emergency, it shall be possible to kill an animal in accordance with the provisions laid down in Article 25 of this Convention. To that end, a means of killing suitable to the species shall be available. Article 29 Special provisions for transport in road vehicles or rail wagons on roll-on/roll-off vessels 1. Where animals are transported in road vehicles or rail wagons on board roll-on/roll-off vessels, especially in the enclosed decks, special care shall be taken to ensure that sufficient ventilation is provided for the animals throughout the journey. Road vehicles and rail wagons shall be stowed so that the animals obtain maximum benefit from fresh air inlets. 2. The person in charge of the welfare of the animals shall have access to them so that they can be inspected and, if necessary, cared for, watered and fed during the journey. 3. Road vehicles, rail wagons