by one Party and by a State which is not a party to this Protocol, special agreements may provide for the means whereby the consultation or the collaboration contemplated in paragraphs 1 and 2 respectively may take place. 4. If a State which is not a party to this Protocol intends to establish a protected area continguous to the frontier or to the limits of the zone of national jurisdiction of a Party to this Protocol, the latter shall endeavour to work together with that State with a view to holding consultations, and possibly concluding a special agreement as referred to in paragraph 3. Article 7 The Parties, having regard to the objectives pursued and taking into account the characteristics of each protected area, shall, in conformity with the rules of international law, progressively take the measures required, which may include: (a) the organization of a planning and management system; (b) the prohibition of the dumping or discharge of wastes or other matter which may impair the protected area; (c) the regulation of the passage of ships and any stopping or anchoring; (d) the regulation of fishing and hunting and of the capture of animals and harvesting of plants; (e) the prohibition of the destruction of plant life or animals and of the introduction of exotic species; (f) the regulation of any act likely to harm or disturb the fauna or flora, including the introduction of indigenous zoological or botanical species; (g) the regulation of any activity involving the exploration or exploitation of the sea-bed or its subsoil or a modification of the sea-bed profile; (h) the regulation of any activity involving a modification of the profile of the soil or the exploitation of the subsoil of the land part of a marine protected area; (i) the regulation of any archaeological activity and of the removal of any object which may be considered as an archaeological object; (j) the regulation of trade in and import and export of animals, parts of animals, plants, parts of plants and archaeological objects which originate in protected areas and are subject to measures of protection; (k) any other measure aimed at safeguarding ecological and biological processes in protected areas. Article 8 1. The Parties shall give appropriate publicity to the establishment of protected areas, as well as of the areas provided for in Article 5, and to their markings and the regulations applying thereto. 2. The information referred to in paragraph 1 shall be notified to the Organization designated in Article 13 of the Convention (hereinafter referred to as "the Organization") which shall compile and keep up to date a directory of protected areas in the area to which this Protocol applies. The Parties shall supply the Organization with all the information necessary for that purpose. Article 9 1. The Parties shall, in promulgating protective measures, take into account the traditional activities of their local populations. To the fullest extent possible, no exemption which is allowed for this reason shall be such as: (a) to endanger either the maintenance of ecosystems protected under the terms of the present Protocol or the biological processes contributing to the maintenance of those ecosystems; (b) to cause either the extinction of or any substantial reduction in, the number of individuals making up the species or animal and plant populations within the protected ecosystems, or any ecologically connected species or populations, particularly migratory species and rare, endangered or endemic species. 2. Parties which allow exemptions with regard to protective measures or do not apply such measures strictly shall inform the Organization accordingly. Article 10 The Parties shall encourage and develop scientific and technical research on their protected areas and on the ecosystems and archaeological heritage of those areas. Article 11 The Parties shall endeavour to inform the public as widely as possible of the significance and interest of the protected areas and of the scientific knowledge which may be gained from them from the point of view of both nature conservation and archaeology. Such information should have an appropriate place in education programmes concerning the environment and history. The Parties should also endeavour to promote the participation of their public and their nature conservation organizations in appropriate measures which are necessary for the protection of the areas concerned. Article 12 The Parties shall, to the extent possible, establish a cooperation programme to coordinate the establishment, planning, management and conservation of protected areas, with a view to creating a network of protected areas in the Mediterranean region, taking fully into account existing networks, especially that of biosphere reserves of Unesco. There shall be regular exchanges of information concerning the characteristics of the protected areas, the experiences acquired and the problems encountered. Article 13 The Parties shall, in accordance with the procedures set forth in Article 14, exchange scientific and technical information concerning current or planned research and the results expected. They shall, to the fullest extent possible, coordinate their research. They shall, moreover, endeavour to define jointly or to standardize the scientific methods to be applied in the selection, management and monitoring of protected areas. Article 14 1. In applying the