Cuando una enmienda entre en vigor, será vinculante para los Estados Parte que hayan expresado su consentimiento al respecto. Los demás Estados Parte quedarán sujetos a las disposiciones de la presente Convención, así como a cualquier otra enmienda anterior que hubiesen ratificado, aceptado o aprobado. Artículo 40 Denuncia 1. Los Estados Parte podrán denunciar la presente Convención mediante notificación escrita al Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas. La denuncia surtirá efecto un año después de la fecha en que el Secretario General haya recibido la notificación. 2. Las organizaciones regionales de integración económica dejarán de ser Partes en la presente Convención cuando la hayan denunciado todos sus Estados miembros. 3. La denuncia de la presente Convención con arreglo al párrafo 1 del presente artículo entrañará la denuncia de sus protocolos. Artículo 41 Depositario e idiomas 1. El Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas será el depositario de la presente Convención. 2. El original de la presente Convención, cuyos textos en árabe, chino, español, francés, inglés y ruso son igualmente auténticos, se depositará en poder del Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas. EN FE DE LO CUAL, los plenipotenciarios infrascritos, debidamente autorizados por sus respectivos Gobiernos, han firmado la presente Convención. ANEXO II Declaração >POSIÇÃO NUMA TABELA> ANEXO III Declaração No que se refere ao n.° 2 do artigo 35.° , a Comunidade sublinha que, conforme o disposto no n.° 1 do artigo 34.° do Estatuto do Tribunal Internacional de Justiça, só os Estados poderão ser partes em causas perante esse Tribunal. Por conseguinte, na acepção do n.° 2 do artigo 35.° da Convenção, os litígios que impliquem a Comunidade Europeia só poderão ser resolvidos por meio de arbitragem.
in cases of threat of retaliation or intimidation. 2. Each State Party shall establish appropriate procedures to provide access to compensation and restitution for victims of offences covered by this Convention. 3. Each State Party shall, subject to its domestic law, enable views and concerns of victims to be presented and considered at appropriate stages of criminal proceedings against offenders in a manner not prejudicial to the rights of the defence. Article 26 Measures to enhance cooperation with law enforcement authorities 1. Each State Party shall take appropriate measures to encourage persons who participate or who have participated in organised criminal groups: (a) to supply information useful to competent authorities for investigative and evidentiary purposes on such matters as: (i) the identity, nature, composition, structure, location or activities of organised criminal groups; (ii) links, including international links, with other organised criminal groups; (iii) offences that organised criminal groups have committed or may commit; (b) to provide factual, concrete help to competent authorities that may contribute to depriving organised criminal groups of their resources or of the proceeds of crime. 2. Each State Party shall consider providing for the possibility, in appropriate cases, of mitigating punishment of an accused person who provides substantial cooperation in the investigation or prosecution of an offence covered by this Convention. 3. Each State Party shall consider providing for the possibility, in accordance with fundamental principles of its domestic law, of granting immunity from prosecution to a person who provides substantial cooperation in the investigation or prosecution of an offence covered by this Convention. 4. Protection of such persons shall be as provided for in Article 24 of this Convention. 5. Where a person referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article located in one State Party can provide substantial cooperation to the competent authorities of another State Party, the States Parties concerned may consider entering into agreements or arrangements, in accordance with their domestic law, concerning the potential provision by the other State Party of the treatment set forth in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article. Article 27 Law enforcement cooperation 1. States Parties shall cooperate closely with one another, consistent with their respective domestic legal and administrative systems, to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement action to combat the offences covered by this Convention. Each State Party shall, in particular, adopt effective measures: (a) to enhance and, where necessary, to establish channels of communication between their competent authorities, agencies and services in order to facilitate the secure and rapid exchange of information concerning all aspects of the offences covered by this Convention, including, if the States Parties concerned deem it appropriate, links with other criminal activities; (b) to cooperate with other States Parties in conducting inquiries with respect to offences covered by this Convention concerning: (i) the identity, whereabouts and activities of persons suspected of involvement in such offences or the location of other persons concerned; (ii) the movement of proceeds of crime or property derived from the commission of such offences; (iii) the movement of property, equipment or other instrumentalities used or intended for use in the commission of such offences; (c) to provide, when appropriate, necessary items or quantities of substances for analytical or investigative purposes; (d) to facilitate effective coordination between their competent authorities, agencies and services and to promote the exchange of personnel and other experts, including, subject to bilateral agreements or arrangements between the States Parties concerned, the posting of liaison officers; (e) to exchange information with other States Parties on specific means and methods used by organised criminal groups, including, where applicable, routes and conveyances and the use of false identities, altered or false documents or other means of concealing their activities; (f) to exchange information and coordinate administrative and other measures taken as appropriate for the purpose of early identification of the offences covered by this Convention. 2. With a view to giving effect to this Convention, States Parties shall consider entering into bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements on direct cooperation between their law enforcement agencies and, where such agreements or arrangements already exist, amending them. In the absence of such agreements or arrangements between the States Parties concerned, the Parties may consider this Convention as the basis for mutual law enforcement cooperation in respect of the offences covered by this Convention. Whenever appropriate, States Parties shall make full use of agreements or arrangements, including international or regional organisations, to enhance the cooperation between their law enforcement agencies. 3. States Parties shall endeavour to cooperate within their means to respond to transnational organised crime committed through the use of modern technology. Article 28 Collection, exchange and analysis of information on the nature of organised crime 1. Each State Party shall consider analysing, in consultation with the scientific and academic communities, trends in organised crime in its territory, the circumstances in which organised crime operates, as well as the professional groups and technologies involved. 2. States Parties shall de uno de los delitos comprendidos en la presente Convención; b) el uso de fuerza física, amenazas o intimidación para obstaculizar el cumplimiento de las funciones oficiales de un funcionario de la justicia o de los servicios encargados de hacer cumplir la ley en relación con la comisión de los delitos comprendidos en la presente Convención. Nada de lo previsto en el presente apartado menoscabará el derecho de los Estados Parte a disponer de legislación que proteja a otras categorías de funcionarios públicos. Artículo 24 Protección de los testigos 1. Cada Estado Parte adoptará medidas apropiadas dentro de sus posibilidades para proteger de manera eficaz contra eventuales actos de represalia o intimidación a los testigos que participen en actuaciones penales y que presten testimonio sobre delitos comprendidos en la presente Convención, así como, cuando proceda, a sus familiares y demás personas cercanas. 2. Las medidas previstas en el párrafo 1 del presente artículo podrán consistir, entre otras, sin perjuicio de los derechos del acusado, incluido el derecho a las garantías procesales, en: a) establecer procedimientos para la protección física de esas personas, incluida, en la medida de lo necesario y lo posible, su reubicación, y permitir, cuando proceda, la prohibición total o parcial de revelar información relativa a su identidad y paradero; b) establecer normas probatorias que permitan que el testimonio de los testigos se preste de modo que no se ponga en peligro su seguridad, por ejemplo aceptando el testimonio por conducto de tecnologías de comunicación como videoconferencias u otros medios adecuados. 3. Los Estados Parte considerarán la posibilidad de celebrar acuerdos o arreglos con otros Estados para la reubicación de las personas mencionadas en el párrafo 1 del presente artículo. 4. Las disposiciones del presente artículo también serán aplicables a las víctimas en el caso de que actúen como testigos. Artículo 25 Asistencia y protección a las víctimas 1. Cada Estado Parte adoptará medidas apropiadas dentro de sus posibilidades para prestar asistencia y protección a las víctimas de los delitos comprendidos en la presente Convención, en particular en casos de amenaza de represalia o intimidación. 2. Cada Estado Parte establecerá procedimientos adecuados que permitan a las víctimas de los delitos comprendidos en la presente Convención obtener indemnización y restitución. 3. Cada Estado Parte permitirá, con sujeción a su derecho interno, que se presenten y examinen las opiniones y preocupaciones de las víctimas en las etapas apropiadas de las actuaciones penales contra los delincuentes sin que ello menoscabe los derechos de la defensa. Artículo 26 Medidas para intensificar la cooperación con las autoridades encargadas de hacer cumplir la ley 1. Cada Estado Parte adoptará medidas apropiadas para alentar a las personas que participen o hayan participado en grupos delictivos organizados a: a) proporcionar información útil a las autoridades competentes con fines investigativos treaties, agreements and arrangements of the requested State Party with respect to investigations, prosecutions and judicial proceedings in relation to the offences for which a legal person may be held liable in accordance with Article 10 of this Convention in the requesting State Party. 3. Mutual legal assistance to be afforded in accordance with this Article may be requested for any of the following purposes: (a) taking evidence or statements from persons; (b) effecting service of judicial documents; (c) executing searches and seizures, and freezing; (d) examining objects and sites; (e) providing information, evidentiary items and expert evaluations; (f) providing originals or certified copies of relevant documents and records, including government, bank, financial, corporate or business records; (g) identifying or tracing proceeds of crime, property, instrumentalities or other things for evidentiary purposes; (h) facilitating the voluntary appearance of persons in the requesting State Party; (i) any other type of assistance that is not contrary to the domestic law of the requested State Party. 4. Without prejudice to domestic law, the competent authorities of a State Party may, without prior request, transmit information relating to criminal matters to a competent authority in another State Party where they believe that such information could assist the authority in undertaking or successfully concluding inquiries and criminal proceedings or could result in a request formulated by the latter State Party pursuant to this Convention. 5. The transmission of information pursuant to paragraph 4 of this Article shall be without prejudice to inquiries and criminal proceedings in the State of the competent authorities providing the information. The competent authorities receiving the information shall comply with a request that said information remain confidential, even temporarily, or with restrictions on its use. However, this shall not prevent the receiving State Party from disclosing in its proceedings information that is exculpatory to an accused person. In such a case, the receiving State Party shall notify the transmitting State Party prior to the disclosure and, if so requested, consult with the transmitting State Party. If, in an exceptional case, advance notice is not possible, the receiving State Party shall inform the transmitting State Party of the disclosure without delay. 6. The provisions of this Article shall not affect the obligations under any other treaty, bilateral or multilateral, that governs or will govern, in whole or in part, mutual legal assistance. 7. Paragraphs 9 to 29 of this Article shall apply to requests made pursuant to this Article if the States Parties in question are not bound by a treaty of mutual legal assistance. If those States Parties are bound by such a treaty, the corresponding provisions of that treaty shall apply unless the States Parties agree to apply paragraphs 9 to 29 of this Article in lieu thereof. States Parties are strongly encouraged to apply these paragraphs if they facilitate cooperation. 8. States Parties shall not decline to render mutual legal assistance pursuant to this Article on the ground of bank secrecy. 9. States Parties may decline to render mutual legal assistance pursuant to this Article on the ground of absence of dual criminality. However, the requested State Party may, when it deems appropriate, provide assistance, to the extent it decides at its discretion, irrespective of whether the conduct would constitute an offence under the domestic law of the requested State Party. 10. A person who is being detained or is serving a sentence in the territory of one State Party whose presence in another State Party is requested for purposes of identification, testimony or otherwise providing assistance in obtaining evidence for investigations, prosecutions or judicial proceedings in relation to offences covered by this Convention may be transferred if the following conditions are met: (a) the person freely gives his or her informed consent; (b) the competent authorities of both States Parties agree, subject to such conditions as those States Parties may deem appropriate. 11. For the purposes of paragraph 10 of this Article: (a) the State Party to which the person is transferred shall have the authority and obligation to keep the person transferred in custody, unless otherwise requested or authorised by the State Party from which the person was transferred; (b) the State Party to which the person is transferred shall without delay implement its obligation to return the person to the custody of the State Party from which the person was transferred as agreed beforehand, or as otherwise agreed, by the competent authorities of both States Parties; (c) the State Party to which the person is transferred shall not require the State Party from which the person was transferred to initiate extradition proceedings for the return of the person; (d) the person transferred shall receive credit for service of the sentence being served in the State from which he or she was transferred for time spent in the custody of the State Party to which he or she was transferred. 12. Unless the State Party from which a person is to be transferred in accordance with paragraphs 10 and 11 of this Article so agrees, that person, whatever his or her nationality, shall de personas presuntamente implicadas en tales delitos o la ubicación de otras personas interesadas, ii) el movimiento del producto del delito o de bienes derivados de la comisión de esos delitos, iii) el movimiento de bienes, equipo u otros instrumentos utilizados o destinados a utilizarse en la comisión de esos delitos; c) proporcionar, cuando proceda, los elementos o las cantidades de sustancias que se requieran para fines de análisis o investigación; d) facilitar una coordinación eficaz entre sus organismos, autoridades y servicios competentes y promover el intercambio de personal y otros expertos, incluida la designación de oficiales de enlace, con sujeción a acuerdos o arreglos bilaterales entre los Estados Parte interesados; e) intercambiar información con otros Estados Parte sobre los medios y métodos concretos empleados por los grupos delictivos organizados, así como, cuando proceda, sobre las rutas y los medios de transporte y el uso de identidades falsas, documentos alterados o falsificados u otros medios de encubrir sus actividades; f) intercambiar información y coordinar las medidas administrativas y de otra índole adoptadas con miras a la pronta detección de los delitos comprendidos en la presente Convención. 2. Los Estados Parte, con miras a dar efecto a la presente Convención, considerarán la posibilidad de celebrar acuerdos o arreglos bilaterales o multilaterales en materia de cooperación directa entre sus respectivos organismos encargados de hacer cumplir la ley y, cuando tales acuerdos o arreglos ya existan, de enmendarlos. A falta de tales acuerdos o arreglos entre los Estados Parte interesados, las Partes podrán considerar la presente Convención como la base para la cooperación en materia de cumplimiento de la ley respecto de los delitos comprendidos en la presente Convención. Cuando proceda, los Estados Parte recurrirán plenamente a la celebración de acuerdos y arreglos, incluso con organizaciones internacionales o regionales, con miras a aumentar la cooperación entre sus respectivos organismos encargados de hacer cumplir la ley. 3. Los Estados Parte se esforzarán por colaborar en la medida de sus posibilidades para hacer frente a la delincuencia organizada transnacional cometida mediante el recurso a la tecnología moderna. Artículo 28 Recopilación, intercambio y análisis de información sobre la naturaleza de la delincuencia organizada 1. Los Estados Parte considerarán la posibilidad de analizar, en consulta con los círculos científicos y académicos, las tendencias de la delincuencia organizada en su territorio, las circunstancias en que actúa la delincuencia organizada, así como los grupos profesionales y las tecnologías involucrados. 2. Los Estados Parte considerarán la posibilidad de desarrollar y compartir experiencia analítica acerca de las actividades de la delincuencia organizada, tanto a nivel bilateral como por conducto de organizaciones internacionales y regionales. A tal fin, se establecerán y aplicarán, según proceda, definiciones, normas y metodologías comunes. 3. Los Estados Parte considerarán la posibilidad