94 (#144) ############################################# WOOLLEN AND WORSTED SPINNING lags ; and there seems to be always a preference for wood in the case of the fancy. The sizes of the cylinders may best be studied under the headings I. Breadth; 2. Diameter. Although 60 in. was the standard width of all carding engines, no doubt being fixed at this by the engineering difficulties involved (rigidity of cylinders being essential), still much wider cylinders are made to work satisfac- torily to-day: 72 in. is now quite usual, but go in. appears to be too broad for satisfactory work. The practice in the woollen trade appears to be to make scribbler and intermediate 72 in. and then in the con- denser to come down to 60 in. ; but probably the correct way to put this is that if 60 in. be adopted as the width of the condenser the wool will be better cleaned and carded if intermediate and scribbler be widened out to 72 in. Cylinders or swifts will be made of a size in con- formity with 1. Rigidity; 2. Weight-with reference to power consumption and cost of driving gear. Workers should be varied in diameter according to the length of wool to be carded a long wool neces- sitates a large diameter worker (say 12 in.) and a short mungo only needs a small worker (say 5 in.), allowing more workers to the swift as compared with the larger worker. It is difficult to see why workers are all made the same size*--they may be either increased in size from first to last on the same swift or on different swifts; or decreased in size. A gradual increase in * Excepting that standardization is always to be sought for in the works. 94
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