162 (#218) ############################################ WOOLLEN AND WORSTED SPINNING (6) Knop twists ; (c) Three-fold corkscrew and other twists ; (d) Fancy loops produced by three-folding at two operations ; (e) Spaced knop and loop yarns ; (6) Metal and gimp twists. Structural irregularities may be produced by : (a) Irregular feeding of the rings of the ring doffer ; or by irregularities introduced into the film just before the tapes receive it in the case of tape condensers”; (6) Irregularities in the rings of the last ring doffers ; or in the grooved roller breaking-up mechanism of the tape condenser. “Nickers," "flecks," or slubs may be dropped, regularly or irregularly, on to one or other of the rollers of the condenser, or even of the intermediate, the exact position and roller chosen being decided usually experi- mentally, on the actual card as set for the blend-by the extent to which mixing is desired. Usually the "nicker" or "slub" should be sufficiently carded to incorporate it firmly into the body of the thread, but not so that it loses its identity in the body of the thread. Several other types of fancy twists may be con- veniently studied by reference to Chapter X. Perhaps the most effective of woollen fancy yarns is the “ random yarn so much employed in the hosiery trade. The method of producing this yarn is very simple. A ball and creel feed is employed and, to illustrate the method simply, may be considered to feed into the card inch stripes of two colours-say tan and French-grey. Thus on the last swift the film presented to the ring doffer is an inch by inch film of tan and French-grey. 162
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