153 (#209) ############################################ WOOLLEN FRAME SPINNING lb. per On similar lines the calculations for 10, 20, 40 and 80 skeins twists have been worked out and the results plotted (Fig. 49 (b)). But this is on the supposition that I skein is being spun throughout and the delivery of the sliver retarded to enable the spindles, running at a con- stant speed, to put in the twist. Thus in putting in the standard twist and also calculating for 80 skeins the draws per minute will be : .0019 hour x 80 sk. X 256 60 minutes x 2 yd. per draw ='324 draws per minute. An attempt may now be made to include both skein changes and twist changes, and instead of taking I skein as a basis (as in a and b) 20 skeins is taken as the basis. Thus : For 20 skeins (Yorkshire) 3х2х бо ху* = .0703 lb. per hr. 20 X 256 x 9 For 10 skeins (Yorkshire) 3 x2 x бо х9 •1950 lb. per 10 X 256 X 6.5 hour. For 40 skeins (Yorkshire) 3 х 2 х бо х9 = .0244 lb. per 40 X 256 X 13 hour. Thus less twist tends to increase output and more twist to decrease output. On similar lines the calculations are made and the results graphed for 5 skeins to 80 skeins and graphed in 5 Fig. 50 (a). For i skein under these conditions the mule would be making - 6.3 X I X 256 = 13:44 draws per minute. 2 X 60 will represent the twist influence. But, again, drafting-speed and double-speed of spindles may also be taken into account. These complexities perhaps explain why there is a tendency to control mule spinning by time-calculations." * The-spindle speed here 1944 revs. per minute. It is thus obvious that the speed of the carriage and not the revs. of the spindles is here the limiting factor. 9) 153
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