280 (#366) ############################################ WOOLLEN AND WORSTED SPINNING ticulars for counts ranging from 10's to 8o's are worked out. All necessary details are included in the follow- ing list. 10 I2 20 II 2.2 2 2.6 18 / 19 1 1 1 I I List XIII Count of Yarn (Worsted) 10's, 15's, 20's 30's 40's 50's 60's 70's 80's* Turns per r' (189) 7 8 14 16 18 19 Calc. Sliver Speed (5,000 revs.) yds. per min. 20 17.5 14 11.6 10 8.7 7.8 7.3 7 Draft (1 + # WL). 6 6: 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Dram Roving (40 yds.) 703 5.5 36 2-3 1.8 1.6,1.37 Roving turns per 1" (69 9 I'I 13 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.4 Calc. Slivers Speed (1,400 revs.) yds. per min. 43 35 30 24 21 19 16 15 Roving Spindles 1 I 1 Spinning Spindles . 12 to 14 throughout. These particulars must not be applied indiscrimin- ately, but are rather to be made the basis of criticism. Thus 43 yards per minute for an ii dram roving is a higher speed than any so far indicated. All the same, with an 11 dram per 40 yards roving the twist required for 6° is only .9, and with a spindle speed of 140 revs. per minute 43 yards per minute will be delivered. Is front-roller speed here the limit ? Or would the sliver stand the speed ? Why should this difference between theory and practice be ? * * * The matters referred to under 2 and 3 (p. 271) have already been referred to at length, but in passing it may be noted that the question of cans versus balling heads must be solved in the light of efficient delivery of slivers (without feathering at the edge), and economy of equipment it may often be better to pay for coiler cans rather than to risk inefficient conveyance of slivers from one box to another and inefficient delivery. The sizes of bobbins (or staves in the case of French drawing) is bound up with the question of horizontal or vertical delivery into the boxes, as well as with * Above 40's count an angle of 20° is best. 280
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