96 (#146) ############################################# WOOLLEN AND WORSTED SPINNING . found that the carding contact (3) Fig. 32 is com- paratively long. If with the same-sized swift is worked a small doffer, the carding arc of contact is short. There is probably some relationship between fibre length and the length of the carding arc of contact—but again this may be affected by whether the teeth of the doffer are made to retreat from the swift or to act against the swift. There is also the extra cost of making and driving the larger doffer to be taken into account, and possibly the wearing surface of the card clothing also to be considered—including the ratio between wear due to work and wear due to exposure in the mill atmosphere. The following are the usual sizes of woollen card cylinders : Cylinders or swifts 54 in, diameter to 50 in. Breasts 54 36 Doffers 50 24 Workers 5 , Strippers 5 Fancies 9 Of the two types of framework, viz., "box bends” and “flat bends," the box bends are to be preferred as usually allowing of more refinement in the setting of the cylinders (Fig. 33). In either case the bends should be fitted close up to the cylinders to prevent the development of air currents, and the outside driving arrangement should be designed to allow of protection to the bearing hubs of the worker, stripper and fancy shafts. Of the details of construction perhaps the wood-plugging positions are all-important, but there are obviously many points in the design of a carding engine where details have a very important bearing upon utility and economic running The question may here be debated as to whether machines should be single, double, or treble style I2 2 16 96
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