252 (#328) ############################################ WOOLLEN AND WORSTED SPINNING ) they have experienced in being unfairly treated, it is questionable on which side the balance would weigh down. However this may be, some day soon will be illustrated to us the beautiful finger and wrist action involved in both piecening and doffing. In view of the historical development of spinning, it is not strange to find that until recently all spinning frames were built to the stature of the child. Half-time labour is, however, rapidly disappearing throughout the industrial districts, and some means must obviously be found to do the work, particularly “ doffing,” up to the present carried out by the "half-timer.” There are three conceivable methods of doffing, viz. 1. Hand Doffing-unit method (a) Periodic ; (6) Continuous. 2. Hand Doffing-multiple (mechanical) method (a) Periodic; (6) Continuous. 3. Automatic Doffing (not attempted so far). Reasoning the matter out carefully, it is evident that almost any mechanical doffer of the second class will be more complex than the machine from which it doffs, and consequently one would expect the frame to be designed to the doffer and not the doffer to the frame. This line is almost taken in the mechanical doffers of most recent construction. There is, however, a more fundamental line of reasoning than this which cannot well be pursued here. Dealing now entirely with the second class, it will be noted that there are the two types of doffer in evidence, viz., (a) Doffers designed to doff from the normal spinning frame; (6) Doffers and spinning frames designed with doffing fully in view. 252
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