37 (#73) ############################################## CARDING AND CONDENSING must be allowed in the material nor placed on the card, as in all probability such would not be thrown out during carding and may lead to difficulties in mule-spinning, while if it gets into the cloth, the material will look unsightly and be almost painful to the touch (cloth carbonizing will probably be necessary). The production by the final carding-engine-usually termed the "condenser ”-of a level, intact, perfect fibre-mixed” film of wool is essential if sound threads are finally to be spun. If the blend is a black and white mixture irregularities readily show a defect, but mixing is also important in such cases as white wool and white cotton, navy noil and navy mungo, etc., etc. It is usual, however, to have one or two extra swifts with their accompanying workers and strippers for carding blends of materials presenting marked luminosity or colour differences. It is very important that the wool film should be perfect, should be perfectly stripped and satisfactorily presented to the condensing apparatus to be split up into the desired number of filaments, or condensed slivers as they are termed. Given a level film from the card, then any really good condensing apparatus should split the film into the required number of equal filaments, one not "robbing from the other but all being equal and distinct and even- tually rolled up neatly on to the condenser-bobbin for conveyance to and spinning upon the mule. Flat The fibre arrangement in the condensed sliver may here be usefully considered, as it has given rise to much controversy, notably between the late Mr. Charles Vickerman, of Huddersfield, and several writers on woollen spinning. The sliver-delivery apparatus of the old carder dropped the slivers on the floor, or if a piecening machine was employed, into the trays arranged for their reception. These slivers were stripped from 37
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