50 (#92) ############################################## WOOLLEN AND WORSTED SPINNING continuity of action and possibly varied-surface move- ment, this condition rarely obtains in wool carding. The second condition results in a severe carding straightening operation, and is employed in the case of short material (such as noils and mungos) which cannot well be fibre-broken further, but in which thorough disintegrating and mixing, and so far as possible par- allelizing, is required. Even then it is only usual to drive the workers over the last swift in this direction. List II.-SIZES AND SPEEDS OF ENGLISH AND FRENCH CARDS English French Reus. Relative Diameter per Surface Diameter min. Speeds Revolutions per min. Relative Surface Speeds in. in. per min. Swift Worker Stripper Fancy Doffer Width 50 80 (9 to) 12 5 43 (to 12) | 263 14 375 (36 to) 40 5 60 to 72 in. in. per min.! 4000 46 (+ or -'60 8 (to 9) 1183 (3 to) 4 5220 I 2 200 28 60 to 80 100 (to 120) 5 (to 6) 125 425 8 4600 (tor-) 40 500 5100 224 The third condition is the more usual as in this case the teeth of the worker retreating from the teeth of the swift ease the severity of the carding operation. The cylinder revolutions and surface speeds of carding rollers in a Cheviot carding set are given in List II, from which it will be gathered that even the woollen carding engine is by no means ideal from the point of view of gradually disintegrating the fibre masses. This severe action, however, may be mitigated in part by the “lifting," or setting to a wider gauge, of the workers from the swift-hence the necessity for completely studying—(6) distance apart of cylinders. If the whole of the workers on a card be set to one 50
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