['251', '(#327)', '############################################', 'PRINCIPLES', 'AND', 'PRACTICE', 'In', 'a', 'mechanism', 'of', 'this', 'type', 'there', 'are', 'so', 'many', 'interesting', 'matters', 'to', 'be', 'studied', 'that', 'the', 'student', 'is', 'Ulkely', 'to', 'overlook', 'the', 'dominant', 'question--viz.', 'what', 'type', 'of', 'a', 'bobbin', 'or', 'spool', 'build', 'is', 'required?', 'A', 'strong', 'warning', 'must', 'be', 'given', 'against', 'this', 'probable', 'mistake.', 'The', 'technologist', 'must', 'decide', 'the', 'type', 'of', 'build', 'he', 're-', 'quires,', 'and', 'the', 'mechanic', 'must', 'be', 'required', 'to', 'give', 'this.', 'The', 'question', 'may', 'be', 'asked', 'what', 'difference', 'does', 'the', 'winding', 'of', 'the', 'yarn', 'on', 'to', 'the', 'spool,', 'for', 'example,', 'make,', 'so', 'long', 'as', 'it', 'is', 'well', 'wound', '?', 'All', 'the', 'difference', 'between', 'success', 'and', 'abject', 'failure!', 'This', 'may', 'seem', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'strong', 'statement', 'to', 'make,', 'but', 'it', 'is', 'absolute', 'fact.', 'The', 'length', 'of', 'the', 'pick', 'and', 'the', 'concomitant', 'length', 'of', 'yarn', 'for', 'each', 'pick', 'decides', 'the', 'variations', 'in', 'tension', 'on', 'the', 'yarn', 'as', 'it', 'is', 'drawn', 'from', 'the', 'spool', 'by', 'the', 'travers-', 'ing', 'of', 'the', 'shuttle', 'during', 'weaving,', 'and', 'this', 'decides', 'the', 'perfection', 'or', 'otherwise', 'of', 'the', 'fabric', 'produced.', 'Prob-', 'ably', 'every', 'width', 'of', 'cloth', '(in', 'the', 'loom)', 'and', 'possibly', 'every', 'weave', 'should', 'be', 'traversed', 'for', 'specially.', 'Here', 'is', 'room', 'for', 'beautifully', 'delicate', 'researches', 'on', '"tension-', 'ing', '"', 'for', 'which', 'it', 'will', 'be', 'necessary', 'to', 'make', 'much', 'more', 'refined', '"tension', 'indicators”', 'than', 'have', 'been', 'produced', 'up', 'to', 'the', 'present.', 'Mechanical', 'Doffing', 'Methods.', '--', 'In', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'Distaff', 'and', 'Wheel', 'spinning', 'one', 'spinner', 'or', 'spinster', 'con-', 'trolled', 'one', 'spindle', 'completely.', 'With', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'Billeys', 'and', 'Jennies', 'in', 'which', 'one', 'man', 'or', 'woman', 'controlled', 'from', 'sixteen', 'to', 'sixty', 'spindles,', '"pieceners', 'and', '“', 'doffers', '"', 'came', 'into', 'being,', 'and', 'as', 'the', 'piecening', 'and', 'doffing', 'were', 'quite', 'simple', 'operations', 'requiring', 'deft', 'fingers', 'and', 'little', 'bodily', 'strength,', 'it', 'was', 'but', 'natural', 'that', 'this', 'work', 'should', 'be', 'relegated', 'to', 'children.', 'If', 'the', 'pleasures', 'which', 'children', 'have', 'experienced', 'in', 'being', 'skilfully', 'useful', 'were', 'placed', 'against', 'the', 'pains', 'which', '251']
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