A river model of space
  Within the theory of general relativity gravitational phenomena are usually
attributed to the curvature of four-dimensional spacetime. In this context we
are often confronted with the question of how the concept of ordinary physical
three-dimensional space fits into this picture. In this work we present a
simple and intuitive model of space for both the Schwarzschild spacetime and
the de Sitter spacetime in which physical space is defined as a specified set
of freely moving reference particles. Using a combination of orthonormal basis
fields and the usual formalism in a coordinate basis we calculate the physical
velocity field of these reference particles. Thus we obtain a vivid description
of space in which space behaves like a river flowing radially toward the
singularity in the Schwarzschild spacetime and radially toward infinity in the
de Sitter spacetime. We also consider the effect of the river of space upon
light rays and material particles and show that the river model of space
provides an intuitive explanation for the behavior of light and particles at
and beyond the event horizons associated with these spacetimes.
