Numerical Simulations of Galactic Outflows and Evolution of the IGM
  Galactic outflows play a major role in the evolution of galaxies and the
intergalactic medium (IGM). The energy deposited into the interstellar medium
by supernovae and active galactic nuclei can accelerate the gas past the escape
velocity, and eject it into the IGM. This will affect the subsequent evolution
of the galaxy, by reducing or eliminating star formation, and quenching the
accretion of matter onto the central AGN. Galactic outflows is the main process
by which energy and processed interstellar matter is transported into the IGM.
This affects the subsequent formation of other galaxies. The energy carried by
outflows can strip protogalactic halos of their gas, preventing galaxies from
forming. Conversely, the metals carried by outflows can modify the composition
and cooling rates of the gas in protogalactic halos, favoring the formation of
galaxies. In this paper, I review the various techniques used to simulate
galactic outflows and their impact on galaxy and IGM evolution.
