Einstein's steady-state theory: an abandoned model of the cosmos
  We present a translation and analysis of an unpublished manuscript by Albert
Einstein in which he attempted to construct a 'steady-state' model of the
universe. The manuscript, which appears to have been written in early 1931,
demonstrates that Einstein once explored a cosmic model in which the mean
density of matter in an expanding universe is maintained constant by the
continuous formation of matter from empty space. This model is very different
to previously known Einsteinian models of the cosmos (both static and dynamic)
but anticipates the later steady-state cosmology of Hoyle, Bondi and Gold in
some ways. We find that Einstein's steady-state model contains a fundamental
flaw and suggest that it was abandoned for this reason. We also suggest that he
declined to explore a more sophisticated version because he found such theories
rather contrived. The manuscript is of historical interest because it reveals
that Einstein debated between steady-state and evolving models of the cosmos
decades before a similar debate took place in the cosmological community.
