The effects of a background potential in star cluster evolution: a delay
  in the relaxation time-scale and runaway collision processes
  Runaway stellar collisions in dense star clusters are invoked to explain the
presence of very massive stars or blue stragglers in the center of those
systems. This process has also been explored for the first star clusters in the
Universe and shown to yield stars that may collapse at some points into an
intermediate mass black hole. Although the early evolution of star clusters
requires the explicit modeling of the gas out of which the stars form, these
calculations would be extremely time-consuming and often the effects of the gas
can be accurately treated by including a background potential to account for
the extra gravitational force. We apply this approximation to model the early
evolution of the first dense star clusters formed in the Universe by performing
$N$-body simulations, our goal is to understand how the additional
gravitational force affects the growth of a very massive star through stellar
mergers in the central parts of the star cluster. Our results show that the
background potential increases the velocities of the stars, causing an overall
delay in the evolution of the clusters and in the runaway growth of a massive
star at the center. The population of binary stars is lower due to the
increased kinetic energy of the stars, initially reducing the number of stellar
collisions, and we show that relaxation processes are also affected. Despite
these effects, the external potential enhances the mass of the merger product
by a factor $\sim$2 if the collisions are maintained for long times.
