Jet-driven active galactic nucleus feedback in galaxy formation before
  black hole formation
  We propose a scenario where during galaxy formation an active galactic
nucleus (AGN) feedback mechanism starts before the formation of a supermassive
black hole (SMBH). The supermassive star (SMS) progenitor of the SMBH accretes
mass as it grows and launches jets. We simulate the evolution of SMSs and show
that the escape velocity from their surface is approximately several 10^3 km/s,
with large uncertainties. We could not converge with the parameters of the
evolutionary numerical code MESA to resolve the uncertainties for SMS
evolution. Under the assumption that the jets carry about ten percent of the
mass of the SMS, we show that the energy in the jets is a substantial fraction
of the binding energy of the gas in the galaxy/bulge. Therefore, the jets that
the SMS progenitor of the SMBH launches carry sufficient energy to establish a
feedback cycle with the gas in the inner zone of the galaxy/bulge, and hence,
set a relation between the total stellar mass and the mass of the SMS. As the
SMS collapses to form the SMBH at the center, there is already a relation
(correlation) between the newly born SMBH mass and the stellar mass of the
galaxy/bulge. During the formation of the SMBH it rapidly accretes mass from
the collapsing SMS and launches very energetic jets that might unbind most of
the gas in the galaxy/bulge.
