MC^2: A deeper look at ZwCl 2341.1+0000 with Bayesian galaxy clustering
  and weak lensing analyses
  ZwCl 2341.1+0000, a merging galaxy cluster with disturbed X-ray morphology
and widely separated ($\sim$3 Mpc) double radio relics, was thought to be an
extremely massive ($10-30 \times 10^{14} M_\odot$) and complex system with
little known about its merger history. We present JVLA 2-4 GHz observations of
the cluster, along with new spectroscopy from our Keck/DEIMOS survey, and apply
Gaussian Mixture Modeling to the three-dimensional distribution of 227
confirmed cluster galaxies. After adopting the Bayesian Information Criterion
to avoid overfitting, which we discover can bias total dynamical mass estimates
high, we find that a three-substructure model with a total dynamical mass
estimate of $9.39 \pm 0.81 \times 10^{14} M_\odot$ is favored. We also present
deep Subaru imaging and perform the first weak lensing analysis on this system,
obtaining a weak lensing mass estimate of $5.57 \pm 2.47 \times 10^{14}
M_\odot$. This is a more robust estimate because it does not depend on the
dynamical state of the system, which is disturbed due to the merger. Our
results indicate that ZwCl 2341.1+0000 is a multiple merger system comprised of
at least three substructures, with the main merger that produced the radio
relics occurring near to the plane of the sky, and a younger merger in the
North occurring closer to the line of sight. Dynamical modeling of the main
merger reproduces observed quantities (relic positions and polarizations,
subcluster separation and radial velocity difference), if the merger axis angle
of $\sim$10$^{+34}_{-6}$ degrees and the collision speed at pericenter is
$\sim$1900$^{+300}_{-200}$ km/s.
