Galactic Searches for Dark Matter
  For nearly a century, more mass has been measured in galaxies than is
contained in the luminous stars and gas. Through continual advances in
observations and theory, it has become clear that the dark matter in galaxies
is not comprised of known astronomical objects or baryonic matter, and that
identification of it is certain to reveal a profound connection between
astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. The best explanation for dark
matter is that it is in the form of a yet undiscovered particle of nature, with
experiments now gaining sensitivity to the most well-motivated particle dark
matter candidates. In this article, I review measurements of dark matter in the
Milky Way and its satellite galaxies and the status of Galactic searches for
particle dark matter using a combination of terrestrial and space-based
astroparticle detectors, and large scale astronomical surveys. I review the
limits on the dark matter annihilation and scattering cross sections that can
be extracted from both astroparticle experiments and astronomical observations,
and explore the theoretical implications of these limits. I discuss methods to
measure the properties of particle dark matter using future experiments, and
conclude by highlighting the exciting potential for dark matter searches during
the next decade, and beyond.
