A new large CMB non-Gaussian anomaly and its alignment with cosmic
  structure
  We provide evidence of the detection of a new non-Gaussian anomaly in the
cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation which has larger statistical
significance than the Cold Spot (CS) anomaly and comparable size. This
temperature anomaly is aligned with a huge large quasar group (HLQG), and for
this reason we call it HLQG anomaly. There are different physical phenomena by
which the HLQG could have produced the observed temperature anomaly, such as
for example the Sunyaev Zeldovich (SZ), the integrated Sachs Wolfe (ISW) or the
Rees Sciama (RS) effect. The goal of this paper it is not to explain the
observed alignment in terms of these effects, but to show the shape and
position of the HLQG anomaly, and estimate its statistical significance, i.e.
the probability that it could be just the result of primordial Gaussian
fluctuations. We analyze the CMB Planck satellite temperature map of the region
of sky corresponding to the angular position of the HLQG, and compute an inner
and an outer temperature by averaging the CMB map over respectively the region
subtended by the HLQG on the sky, and over a region surrounding it. It turns
out that the inner region is warmer than the outer one, with a measured
temperature difference of $\Delta T^{obs} \approx 43\mu K$. The temperature
excess is then compared with the results of Montecarlo simulations of random
Gaussian realizations of the CMB map, indicating with at least a $2.3\sigma$
confidence level, that the measured $\Delta T^{obs}$ cannot be attributed to
primordial Gaussian fluctuations. Its alignment with HLQG and suggests that
this could be due to the Rees-Sciama effect. Our results are stable under the
choice of different simulations methods and different definitions of the inner
and outer regions.
