Probing galaxy cluster and intra-cluster gas with luminous red galaxies
  We use the cross-correlation between the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ)
signal measured by the Planck satellite and the luminous red galaxy (LRG)
samples provided by the SDSS DR7 to study the properties of galaxy cluster and
intra-cluster gas. We separate the samples into three redshift bins z_1=(0.16,
0.26), z_2=(0.26, 0.36), z_3=(0.36, 0.47), and stack the Planck y-map against
LRGs to derive the averaged y-profile for each redshift bin. We then fit the
stacked profile with the theoretical prediction from the universal pressure
profile (UPP) by using the Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo method. We find that the
best-fit values of the UPP parameters for the three bins are generally
consistent with the previous studies, except for the noticeable evolution of
the parameters in the three redshift bins. We simultaneously fit the data in
the three redshift bins together, and find that the original UPP model cannot
fit the data at small angular scales very well in the first and third redshift
bins. The joint fits can be improved by including an additional parameter eta
to change the redshift-dependence of the model (i.e. E(z)^{8/3} ->
E(z)^{8/3+eta}) with best-fit value as eta=-3.11^{+1.09}_{-1.13}. This suggests
that the original UPP model with less redshift-dependence may provide a better
fit to the stacked thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich profile.
