The Hubble Space Telescope Cluster Supernova Survey: III. Correlated
  Properties of Type Ia Supernovae and Their Hosts at 0.9 < z < 1.46
  Using the sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Hubble
Space Telescope (HST) Cluster Supernova Survey and augmented with HST-observed
SNe Ia in the GOODS fields, we search for correlations between the properties
of SNe and their host galaxies at high redshift. We use galaxy color and
quantitative morphology to determine the red sequence in 25 clusters and
develop a model to distinguish passively evolving early-type galaxies from
star-forming galaxies in both clusters and the field. With this approach, we
identify six SN Ia hosts that are early-type cluster members and eleven SN Ia
hosts that are early-type field galaxies. We confirm for the first time at
z>0.9 that SNe Ia hosted by early-type galaxies brighten and fade more quickly
than SNe Ia hosted by late-type galaxies. We also show that the two samples of
hosts produce SNe Ia with similar color distributions. The relatively simple
spectral energy distributions (SEDs) expected for passive galaxies enable us to
measure stellar masses of early-type SN hosts. In combination with stellar mass
estimates of late-type GOODS SN hosts from Thomson & Chary (2011), we
investigate the correlation of host mass with Hubble residual observed at lower
redshifts. Although the sample is small and the uncertainties are large, a hint
of this relation is found at z>0.9. By simultaneously fitting the average
cluster galaxy formation history and dust content to the red-sequence scatters,
we show that the reddening of early-type cluster SN hosts is likely E(B-V) <~
0.06. The similarity of the field and cluster early-type host samples suggests
that field early-type galaxies that lie on the red sequence may also be
minimally affected by dust. Hence, the early-type hosted SNe Ia studied here
occupy a more favorable environment to use as well-characterized high-redshift
standard candles than other SNe Ia.
