Atmospheric effects in astroparticle physics experiments and the
  challenge of ever greater precision in measurements
  Astroparticle physics and cosmology allow us to scan the universe through
multiple messengers. It is the combination of these probes that improves our
understanding of the universe, both in its composition and its dynamics. Unlike
other areas in science, research in astroparticle physics has a real
originality in detection techniques, in infrastructure locations, and in the
observed physical phenomenon that is not created directly by humans. It is
these features that make the minimisation of statistical and systematic errors
a perpetual challenge. In all these projects, the environment is turned into a
detector medium or a target. The atmosphere is probably the environment
component the most common in astroparticle physics and requires a continuous
monitoring of its properties to minimise as much as possible the systematic
uncertainties associated. This paper introduces the different atmospheric
effects to take into account in astroparticle physics measurements and provides
a non-exhaustive list of techniques and instruments to monitor the different
elements composing the atmosphere. A discussion on the close link between
astroparticle physics and Earth sciences ends this paper.
