Alma Twenty-six Arcmin^2 Survey Of Goods-s At One-millimeter (asagao):
  Source Catalog And Number Counts
  We present the survey design, data reduction, construction of images, and
source catalog of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)
twenty-six arcmin^2 survey of GOODS-S at one-millimeter (ASAGAO). ASAGAO is a
deep (1sigma ~ 61 uJy/beam for a 250 klambda-tapered map with a synthesized
beam size of 0.51" x 0.45") and wide area (26 arcmin^2) survey on a contiguous
field at 1.2 mm. By combining with ALMA archival data in the GOODS-South field,
we obtained a deeper map in the same region (1sigma ~ 30 uJy/beam for a deep
region with a 250 klambda-taper, and a synthesized beam size of 0.59" x 0.53"),
providing the largest sample of sources (25 sources at >=5.0sigma, 45 sources
at >=4.5sigma) among ALMA blank-field surveys to date. The number counts shows
that 52(+11 -8)% of the extragalactic background light at 1.2 mm is resolved
into discrete sources at S1.2m > 135 uJy. We create infrared (IR) luminosity
functions (LFs) in the redshift range of z = 1-3 from the ASAGAO sources with
KS-band counterparts, and constrain the faintest luminosity of the LF at 2.0 <
z < 3.0. The LFs are consistent with previous results based on other ALMA and
SCUBA-2 observations, which suggest a positive luminosity evolution and
negative density evolution with increasing redshift. We find that obscured
star-formation of sources with IR luminosities of log(L(IR)/Lsun)} ~> 11.8
account for ~~60%-90% of the z ~ 2 cosmic star-formation rate density.
