Detection of a slow HI bar in the dwarf irregular galaxy DDO 168
  We examine the HI total intensity maps of the VLA LITTLE-THINGS galaxies and
identify an HI bar in the dwarf irregular galaxy DDO 168 which has a dense and
compact dark matter halo that dominates at all radii. This is only the third
galaxy found to host an HI bar. Using the HI kinematic data, we apply the
Tremaine-Weinberg method to estimate the pattern speed of the bar. The HI bar
is found to have an average pattern speed of $23.3 \pm 5.9$ km/s/kpc.
Interestingly, for the first time, we find that the observed pattern speeds of
the bar in the two kinematic halves are different. We identify the origin of
this difference to be the kinematic asymmetry. This observed offset in the
pattern speed serves to put a stringent constraint on the lifetime of the bar
set by the winding timescale. The lifetime of the bar is found to be $\sim 5.3
\times 10^8$ years, which is $\sim 2$ times the local dynamical time scale of
the disc. We also find the HI bar in DDO 168 to be a weak bar with a strength
of $\sim 0.2$. If HI bar being weak can be easily disturbed, this could
possibly explain why it is extremely rare to observe HI bars in galaxies. We
estimate the bar radius to be $\sim 1$ kpc and the dimensionless ratio,
$R_L/R_b$ to be $\geq$ 2.1 indicating a `slow' bar in DDO 168. Our results
confirm the proposition that the dynamical friction with the halo slows down a
rotating bar in a galaxy dominated by dark matter halo from inner radii.
