Evaluating the effect of stellar multiplicity on the PSF of space-based
  weak lensing surveys
  The next generation of space-based telescopes used for weak lensing surveys
will require exquisite point spread function (PSF) determination. Previously
negligible effects may become important in the reconstruction of the PSF, in
part because of the improved spatial resolution. In this paper, we show that
unresolved multiple star systems can affect the ellipticity and size of the PSF
and that this effect is not cancelled even when using many stars in the
reconstruction process. We estimate the error in the reconstruction of the PSF
due to the binaries in the star sample both analytically and with image
simulations for different PSFs and stellar populations. The simulations support
our analytical finding that the error on the size of the PSF is a function of
the multiple stars distribution and of the intrinsic value of the size of the
PSF, i.e. if all stars were single. Similarly, the modification of each of the
complex ellipticity components (e1,e2) depends on the distribution of multiple
stars and on the intrinsic complex ellipticity. Using image simulations, we
also show that the predicted error in the PSF shape is a theoretical limit that
can be reached only if large number of stars (up to thousands) are used
together to build the PSF at any desired spatial position. For a lower number
of stars, the PSF reconstruction is worse. Finally, we compute the effect of
binarity for different stellar magnitudes and show that bright stars alter the
PSF size and ellipticity more than faint stars. This may affect the design of
PSF calibration strategies and the choice of the related calibration fields.
