Quantifying AGN-Driven Metal-Enhanced Outflows in Chemodynamical
  Simulations
  We show the effects of AGN-driven outflows on the ejection of heavy elements
using our cosmological simulations, where super-massive black holes originate
from the first stars. In the most massive galaxy, we have identified two strong
outflows unambiguously driven by AGN feedback. These outflows have a speed
greater than $\sim 8000$ km\,s$^{-1}$ near the AGN, and travel out to a half
Mpc with $\sim 3000$ km\,s$^{-1}$. These outflows remove the remaining gas
($\sim 3$ per cent of baryons) and significant amounts of metals ($\sim 2$ per
cent of total produced metals) from the host galaxy, chemically enriching the
circumgalactic medium (CGM) and the intergalactic medium (IGM). 17.6 per cent
of metals from this galaxy, and 18.4 per cent of total produced metals in the
simulation, end up in the CGM and IGM, respectively. The metallicities of the
CGM and IGM are higher with AGN feedback, while the mass--metallicity relation
of galaxies is not affected very much. We also find `selective' mass-loss where
iron is more effectively ejected than oxygen because of the time-delay of Type
Ia Supernovae. AGN-driven outflows play an essential role not only in quenching
of star formation in massive galaxies to match with observed down-sizing
phenomena, but also in a large-scale chemical enrichment in the Universe.
Observational constraints of metallicities and elemental abundance ratios in
outflows are important to test the modelling of AGN feedback in galaxy
formation.
