Curvature tension: evidence for a closed universe
  The curvature parameter tension between Planck 2018, cosmic microwave
background lensing, and baryon acoustic oscillation data is measured using the
suspiciousness statistic to be 2.5 to 3$\sigma$. Conclusions regarding the
spatial curvature of the universe which stem from the combination of these data
should therefore be viewed with suspicion. Without CMB lensing or BAO, Planck
2018 has a moderate preference for closed universes, with Bayesian betting odds
of over 50:1 against a flat universe, and over 2000:1 against an open universe.
