The clustering of the SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic
  Survey DR14 quasar sample: measurement of the growth rate of structure from
  the anisotropic correlation function between redshift 0.8 and 2.2
  We present the clustering measurements of quasars in configuration space
based on the Data Release 14 (DR14) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended
Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. This dataset includes 148,659 quasars
spread over the redshift range $0.8\leq z \leq 2.2$ and spanning 2112.9 square
degrees. We use the Convolution Lagrangian Perturbation Theory (CLPT) approach
with a Gaussian Streaming (GS) model for the redshift space distortions of the
correlation function and demonstrate its applicability for dark matter halos
hosting eBOSS quasar tracers. At the effective redshift $z_{\rm eff} = 1.52$,
we measure the linear growth rate of structure $f\sigma_{8}(z_{\rm eff})= 0.426
\pm 0.077$, the expansion rate $H(z_{\rm eff})= 159^{+12}_{-13}(r_{s}^{\rm
fid}/r_s){\rm km.s}^{-1}.{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, and the angular diameter distance
$D_{A}(z_{\rm eff})=1850^{+90}_{-115}\,(r_s/r_{s}^{\rm fid}){\rm Mpc}$, where
$r_{s}$ is the sound horizon at the end of the baryon drag epoch and
$r_{s}^{\rm fid}$ is its value in the fiducial cosmology. The quoted errors
include both systematic and statistical contributions. The results on the
evolution of distances are consistent with the predictions of flat
$\Lambda$-Cold Dark Matter ($\Lambda$-CDM) cosmology with Planck parameters,
and the measurement of $f\sigma_{8}$ extends the validity of General Relativity
(GR) to higher redshifts($z>1$) This paper is released with companion papers
using the same sample. The results on the cosmological parameters of the
studies are found to be in very good agreement, providing clear evidence of the
complementarity and of the robustness of the first full-shape clustering
measurements with the eBOSS DR14 quasar sample.
