Fundamental Physics with the Hubble Space Telescope
  Cosmology is intrinsically intertwined with questions in fundamental physics.
The existence of non-baryonic dark matter requires new physics beyond the
Standard Model of elemenatary-particle interactions and Einstein's general
relativity, as does the accelerating expansion of the universe. Current
tensions between various cosmological measurements may be harbingers of yet
more new physics. Progress on understanding dark matter and cosmic acceleration
requires long term, high-precision measurements and excellent control of
systematics, demanding observational programs that are often outside the
discovery/characterization mode that drives many areas of astronomy. We outline
potential programs through which the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) could have a
major impact on issues in fundamental physics in the coming years. To realize
this impact, we suggest the introduction of a "HST Fundamental Physics"
observational program that would be subject to a modified proposal and review
process.
