The Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS). II. Bright Southern
  Stars
  We present the second installment of GOSSS, a massive spectroscopic survey of
Galactic O stars, based on new homogeneous, high signal-to-noise ratio, R ~
2500 digital observations from both hemispheres selected from the Galactic
O-Star Catalog (GOSC). In this paper we include bright stars and other objects
drawn mostly from the first version of GOSC, all of them south of delta = -20
degrees, for a total number of 258 O stars. We also revise the northern sample
of paper I to provide the full list of spectroscopically classified Galactic O
stars complete to B = 8, bringing the total number of published GOSSS stars to
448. Extensive sequences of exceptional objects are given, including the early
Of/WN, O Iafpe, Ofc, ON/OC, Onfp, Of?p, and Oe types, as well as
double/triple-lined spectroscopic binaries. The new spectral subtype O9.2 is
also discussed. The magnitude and spatial distributions of the observed sample
are analyzed. We also present new results from OWN, a multi-epoch
high-resolution spectroscopic survey coordinated with GOSSS that is assembling
the largest sample of Galactic spectroscopic massive binaries ever attained.
The OWN data combined with additional information on spectroscopic and visual
binaries from the literature indicate that only a very small fraction (if any)
of the stars with masses above 15-20 M_Sol are born as single systems. In the
future we will publish the rest of the GOSSS survey, which is expected to
include over 1000 Galactic O stars.
