Redshift drift as a model independent probe of dark energy
  It is well known that positive values of redshift drift is a signature of
dark energy within the conventionally studied
Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe models. Here we show
-- without making assumptions on the metric tensor of the Universe -- that
redshift drift is a promising direct probe of violation of the strong energy
condition within the theory of general relativity.
