The XMM deep survey in the CDF-S II. a 9-20 keV selection of heavily
  obscured active galaxies at z>1.7
  We present results on a search of heavily obscured active galaxies z>1.7
using the rest-frame 9-20 keV excess for X-ray sources detected in the deep
XMM-CDFS survey. Out of 176 sources selected with the conservative detection
criteria (>8 sigma) in the first source catalogue of Ranalli et al., 46 objects
lie in the redshift range of interest with the median redshift z~2.5. Their
typical rest-frame 10-20 keV luminosity is 1e+44 erg/s, as observed. Among
optically faint objects that lack spectroscopic redshift, four were found to be
strongly absorbed X-ray sources, and the enhanced Fe K emission or absorption
features in their X-ray spectra were used to obtain X-ray spectroscopic
redshifts. Using the X-ray colour-colour diagram based on the rest-frame 3-5
keV, 5-9 keV, and 9-20 keV bands, seven objects were selected for their 9-20
keV excess and were found to be strongly absorbed X-ray sources with column
density of nH > 0.6e+24 cm-2, including two possible Compton thick sources.
While they are emitting at quasar luminosity, ~3/4 of the sample objects are
found to be absorbed by nH > 1e+22 cm-2. A comparison with local AGN at the
matched luminosity suggests an increasing trend of the absorbed source fraction
for high-luminosity AGN towards high redshifts.
