Exploring Early and Late Cosmology with Next Generation Surveys
  Perturbations from inflation evolve into large scale structure of the late
universe, and encode abundant cosmic structure formation physics. We allow
freedom in the primordial power spectrum, rather than assuming a power law
scale dependence, to study its impact on cosmological parameter determination.
Combining various generations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) data and
galaxy redshift survey data, we investigate the constraints on reconstruction
of the primordial curvature perturbation power spectrum and the late time
cosmology, especially the sum of neutrino masses. We quantify how each
successive generation, in CMB and galaxy surveys, provides significant
improvements, often by factors of several. By using CMB polarization
information over a broad range of angular scales, and galaxy redshift data in
many bins of redshift, one can allow inflationary freedom and still constrain
parameters comparably to assuming power law dependence. The primordial power
spectrum can be reconstructed at the subpercent level in a dozen wavenumber
bins, while simultaneously fitting the sum of neutrino masses to 14 meV.
