Local dark energy in the Sculptor Filament of galaxies
  Two dozens of different mass galaxies observed at distances less than 10 Mpc
from the Local Group are organized in the elongated structure known as the
Sculptor Filament. We use recent Hubble Space Telescope data on local galaxies
to study the dynamical structure and evolutionary trends of the filament. An
N-body computer model, which reproduces its observed kinematics, is constructed
under the assumption that the filament is embedded in the universal dark energy
background. In the model, the motions of the filament members are controlled by
their mutual gravity attraction force and the anti-gravity repulsion force
produced by the local dark energy. It is found that the dark energy repulsion
dominates the force field of the outer parts of the filament. Because of this,
the filament expands and its expansion proceeds with acceleration. The dark
energy domination increases with cosmic time and introduces to the filament the
linear velocity--distance relation with the universal time-rate ("the Hubble
constant") that depends asymptotically on the dark energy density only.
