Powerful winds in high-redshift obscured and red quasars
  Quasar-driven outflows must have made their most significant impact on galaxy
formation during the epoch when massive galaxies were forming most rapidly. To
study the impact of quasar feedback we conducted rest-frame optical integral
field spectrograph (IFS) observations of three extremely red quasars (ERQs) and
one type-2 quasar at $z=2-3$, obtained with the NIFS and OSIRIS instruments at
the Gemini North and W. M. Keck Observatory with the assistance of laser-guided
adaptive optics. We use the kinematics and morphologies of the [OIII] 5007\AA
and H$\alpha$ 6563\AA emission lines redshifted into the near-infrared to gauge
the extents, kinetic energies and momentum fluxes of the ionized outflows in
the quasars host galaxies. For the ERQs, the galactic-scale outflows are likely
driven by radiation pressure in a high column density environment or due to an
adiabatic shock. For the type-2 quasar, the outflow is driven by radiation
pressure in a low column density environment or due to a radiative shock. The
outflows in the ERQs carry a significant amount of energy ranging from
0.05-5$\%$ of the quasar's bolometric luminosity, powerful enough to have a
significant impact on the quasar host galaxies. However, the outflows are
likely only impacting the inner few kpc of each host galaxy. The observed
outflow sizes are generally smaller than other ionized outflows observed at
high redshift. The high ratio between the momentum flux of the ionized outflow
and the photon momentum flux from the quasar accretion disk and high nuclear
obscuration makes these ERQs great candidates for transitional objects where
the outflows are likely responsible for clearing material in the inner regions
of each galaxy, unveiling the quasar accretion disk at optical wavelengths.
