Comparison of Gaia and Hipparcos parallaxes of close visual binary stars
  and the impact on determinations of their masses
  Precise measurement of the fundamental parameters of stellar systems,
including mass and radius, depends critically on how well the stellar distances
are known. Astrometry from space provides parallax measurements of unprecented
accuracy, from which distances can be derived, initially from the Hipparcos
mission, with further refinement of that analysis provided by van Leeuwen in
2007. The publication of the Gaia DR2 catalogue promises a dramatic improvement
in the available data. We have recalculated the dynamical masses of a sample of
1 700 close visual binary stars using Gaia DR2 and compared the results with
masses derived from both the original and enhanced Hipparcos data. We show the
van Leeuwen analysis yields results close to those of Gaia DR2, but the latter
are significantly more accurate. We consider the impact of the Gaia DR2
parallaxes on our understanding of the sample of visual binaries.
