Science Case and Requirements for the MOSAIC Concept for a Multi-Object
  Spectrograph for the European Extremely Large Telescope
  Over the past 18 months we have revisited the science requirements for a
multi-object spectrograph (MOS) for the European Extremely Large Telescope
(E-ELT). These efforts span the full range of E-ELT science and include input
from a broad cross-section of astronomers across the ESO partner countries. In
this contribution we summarise the key cases relating to studies of
high-redshift galaxies, galaxy evolution, and stellar populations, with a more
expansive presentation of a new case relating to detection of exoplanets in
stellar clusters. A general requirement is the need for two observational modes
to best exploit the large (>40 sq. arcmin) patrol field of the E-ELT. The first
mode ('high multiplex') requires integrated-light (or coarsely resolved)
optical/near-IR spectroscopy of >100 objects simultaneously. The second ('high
definition'), enabled by wide-field adaptive optics, requires
spatially-resolved, near-IR of >10 objects/sub-fields. Within the context of
the conceptual study for an ELT-MOS called MOSAIC, we summarise the top-level
requirements from each case and introduce the next steps in the design process.
