The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. XII. Stellar Populations and
  Kinematics of Compact, Low-Mass Early-Type Galaxies from Gemini GMOS-IFU
  Spectroscopy
  We present Gemini GMOS-IFU data of eight compact low-mass early-type galaxies
(ETGs) in the Virgo cluster. We analyse their stellar kinematics, stellar
population, and present two-dimensional maps of these properties covering the
central 5"x 7" region. We find a large variety of kinematics: from non- to
highly-rotating objects, often associated with underlying disky isophotes
revealed by deep images from the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. In half
of our objects, we find a centrally-concentrated younger and more metal-rich
stellar population. We analyze the specific stellar angular momentum through
the lambdaR parameter and find six fast-rotators and two slow-rotators, one
having a thin counter-rotating disk. We compare the local galaxy density and
stellar populations of our objects with those of 39 more extended low-mass
Virgo ETGs from the SMAKCED survey and 260 massive ($M>10^{10}$\Msun) ETGs from
the A3D sample. The compact low-mass ETGs in our sample are located in high
density regions, often close to a massive galaxy and have, on average, older
and more metal-rich stellar populations than less compact low-mass galaxies. We
find that the stellar population parameters follow lines of constant velocity
dispersion in the mass-size plane, smoothly extending the comparable trends
found for massive ETGs. Our study supports a scenario where low-mass compact
ETGs have experienced long-lived interactions with their environment, including
ram-pressure stripping and gravitational tidal forces, that may be responsible
for their compact nature.
