methods of doing biblical exegesis, each having a specific goal and a specific set of questions; biblical "criticism" does not mean "criticizing" the text (i.e. what you don't like or don't agree with), but asking "critical" questions (based on "criteria" that are as clear, careful, and objective as possible).
Primary Literature - writings or sources from ancient times, such as the biblical texts themselves
Secondary Literature - anything written by modern scholars, often interpreting the ancient texts
Manuscripts - ancient (or modern) texts "written by hand"; often copies of copies of copies, with significant differences
Print Editions - printed copies; made after the invention of moveable-type printing by Johannes Gutenberg, ca. 1453
Ancient Versions - translations into other ancient languages, such as Latin, Coptic, Syriac, Armenian, etc.
Modern Translations - translations into English, Spanish, German, and other modern languages
Papyrus - an Egyptian plant; a paper-like writing material made from it; cheaper, but not as durable; see esp. P52 and P75
Parchment (Vellum) - animal skins prepared for writing; much more durable, but also much more expensive; see Vaticanus
Scroll (Roll) - long sheets written on one side only, then rolled-up (could be made of papyrus or vellum)
Codex - written on both sides, then bound in book form (could also be made of papyrus or vellum)
Majuscule - early manuscripts written in ALLCAPITALLETTERSUSUALLYWITHOUTPUNCTUATIONORSPACES
Minuscule - later manuscripts written with small letters, with punctuation and spaces between words
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