Jim Buscher University of Kentucky College of Medicine Class of 2014 п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё Brief History of small bowel resection Alternate names Advantage of Laparoscopy When to perform procedure Risks of Small Bowel Resection Patient Presentation Equipment Needed OR Setup Port Placement Key Steps Post вЂ“Operative Care п‚Ё The first reported small bowel was reported to have taken place in 1727 by Ramdohr. п‚Ў п‚Ё By 1836 at least 10 more procedures had been performed by French, German, and English surgeons п‚Ў п‚Ё Removed 2 feet of gangrenous intestine 5 cured, 2 with artificial anus, 2 died Became a recognized surgical procedure in 1875 by Kuster. п‚Ё Alternative Names п‚Ў п‚Ё Small intestine surgery; Bowel resection - small intestine; Resection of part of the small intestine; Enterectomy Laparoscopic Advantages Quicker recovery time п‚Ў Faster return to eating solid foods п‚Ў Less pain п‚Ў Fewer scars п‚Ў Lower risk of infection п‚Ў Fewer post-operative complications п‚Ў п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё A blockage in the intestine caused by scar tissue or deformities Bleeding, infection, or ulcers caused by inflammation of the small intestine. Three conditions that may cause inflammation are regional ileitis, regional enteritis, and CrohnвЂ™s disease. Injuries to the small intestine Cancer Precancerous polyps (nodes) Benign tumors п‚– http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002943.htm п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё Damage to nearby organs in the body Wound infections Wound breaking open Bulging tissue through the incision, called an incisional hernia Short bowel syndrome (when a large amount of the small intestine needs to be removed) The ends of your intestines that are sewn together may come open. This is called anastomosis. This may be life threatening. п‚Ў п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё Anastamotic leak Scar tissue may form in your belly and cause blockage of your intestines. Problems with your ileostomy Inadvertant enterotomy Anastomotic stricture Hemorrhage п‚Ё Unlike some diseases there are many different signs and symptoms that may be associated with someone who must undergo a small bowel resection. Pain п‚Ў Internal bleeding п‚Ў Blockage may cause vomiting п‚Ў Polyps (seen by colonoscopy) п‚Ў Tumors found by MRI п‚Ў May be found during trauma п‚Ў п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё п‚Ё Atraumatic bowel graspers Laparoscopic scissors Harmonic scalpel Scalpel Suction device GIA endostapler 3 trocars (one 10mm and two 5mm) 30 degree scope Suture Various clamps and scissors Hand port (Optional) TA Stapler (Optional) On-Q painbuster (optional) вЂўPatient begins in supine position вЂўMove patient into positions later to allow gravity to shift unwanted organs out of the way. вЂўTwo screens to allow surgeons on both sides of patient to see вЂўAnthesiologist positioned behind patientвЂ™s head and scrub nurse positioned near the feet (not shown) п‚Ё п‚Ё One 10 mm trocar placed in umbilical incision for camera Two 5 mm trocars placed in abdomen to triangulate on area to be resected. Trocar placed in abdomen via the Opti-view This can be seen on the left going through the layers of the abdomen. Step 1: вЂўMove along bowel using atraumatic bowel graspers to find the source of the desired bowel for excision. вЂўNote from surgeonпѓ be sure to grab the fat near the bowel and not the bowel itself this will reduce the risk of tearing. вЂўBowel may have attachments so be sure to mobilize the bowel . This is important because the small bowel will be extracted from the abdomen. п‚Ё Step 2: п‚Ў п‚Ў After finding desired small bowel, use the harmonic scalpel to dissect mesentery and ligate the arteries of the Superior Mesenteric Artery If bleeding occurs suction may be used to remove interfering blood. Caution: The Harmonic Scalpel is very hot. Be sure not to damage internal structures by touching them with the tip after cutting. п‚Ё Step 3: п‚Ў п‚Ў Once vasculature has been minimized to desired area, remove the camera and trocar and lengthen the umbilical incision. This lengthening will allow for the small intestin