: Kraus. ibid. 126-163.
 See Flachbarth. ibid. 80.
 See Flachbarth. ibid. 82.
 See Flachbarth. ibid. 82.
 See Kraus. ibid. 90-95.; and Viefhaus. ibid. 212-216.
 The Memel Statute is to provide for the protection of the Polish minority of the Memel area under Lithuanian jurisdiction by stipulating for the application of the Lithuanian Minorities Declaration in the area (Article 11). Furthermore, under Article 26, it ipso facto stipulates for the application of the minority protection procedure established by the League of Nations. See Kraus. ibid. 121-122.; Pircher. ibid. 97-98.
 One particular feature is to be pointed out: The word "minority" refers not only to the Polish-speaking citizens but every Polish-born or other language speaking person. "Danzig pledges to consider the provisions applied by Poland authoritative with respect to the minorities, [...] not to apply any discrimination neither with respect to Polish citizenship nor against persons of Polish birth or mother tongue." In: Pircher. ibid. 95.
 See the original French text in: Kraus. ibid. 114. See Hungarian text in: Buza. ibid. 26. The question of minorities emerged at the 5th Committee during the first Assembly of the League of nations. This Committee was in charge of the examination of the countries to be admitted into the organisation. Members of the subcommittee that was step up for this specific task were: Lord Robert Cecil (South Africa), Motta (Switzerland), and Bene (Czechoslovakia). The recommendation mentioned above was issued by the Assembly on 15 December 1920 at the proposal of this subcommittee.
 See Kraus. ibid. 119-121.
 See Kraus. ibid. 121-126.
 See Kraus. ibid. 174-176.
 See Kraus. ibid. 188-191. The Latvian and Estonian declarations are particular because these countries were unwilling to make a declaration which, similar to the Lithuanian and Albanian declarations, would have included the relevant sections of the minorities treaties. Their admission into the League of Nations was therefore delayed until a compromise was reached. Accordingly, Estonia and Latvia informed the organisation about the provisions that their constitutions and legislation included with respect to minorities; the acknowledgement of this notice established the guarantees.
 See Journal Officiel (1932) 1347-1349., in: Pircher. ibid. 67.
 See the enumeration under section 1.1.
 Although the states concerned tried everything to secure a stricter territorial effect delimitation prior to the signing of the treaties, they achieved only the acknowledgement of the above-mentioned exceptions.
 Point IV of the Assembly Resolution contains this request. See Kraus. ibid. 164.
 Estonia and Latvia did not make a similar statement. They indicated in the course of the negotiations on their admission into the League the provisions included in their constitutions and the legislation their government adopted to safeguard the minorities. See also Footnote 30.
 See Article 3 Paragraph 1 of the Polish Minorities Treaty.
 "German nationals habitually resident in territories recognised as forming part of Poland will acquire Polish nationality ipso facto and will lose their German nationality. German nationals, however, or their descendants who became resident in these territories after January 1, 1908, will not acquire Polish nationality without a special authorisation from the Polish State." See the complete French text of the Treaty in: Jahrbuch des Völkerrechts VIII, 87-249.
 I shall specify the rules regulating the minority protection procedure during the discussion on procedural minority law.
 As I have indicated, the Polish Minorities Treaty served as a model for the drafting of the other minorities treaties, peace treaties, and declarations.
 See, however, Footnote 42.
 The peace treaties signed with Austria (Article 64), Bulgaria (Article 51), and Hungary (Article 56) do not contain provisions on the right to opt, which is included in Article 3 of the Polish Minorities Treaty, since no new territories were annexed to these countries. However, these treaties made it possible for pe