ary (Concise Edition): "... situated far above ground, sealevel, etc; upper, inland, as ... High German".
- Russ, Charles. The Dialects of Modern German: A Linguistic Survey. Routledge, 1989
- Robinson, Orrin. Old English and its Closest Relatives. Routledge, 1994.
- Russ, Charles. The German Language Today: A Linguistic Introduction. Routledge, 1994.
- "Ethnologue: East Middle German". Retrieved 2010-11-24.
- Friedrich Maurer (1942), Nordgermanen und Alemannen: Studien zur germanischen und frühdeutschen Sprachgeschichte, Stammes- und Volkskunde, Strasbourg: Hünenburg, [designation of High German languages as Irminonic].