uperposition of waves, Formation of beats, Doppler effect in sound.
8. Stationary waves Study of vibrations in a finite medium, Formation of stationary waves on string,Study of vibrations of air columns, Free and Forced vibrations, Resonance.
9. Kinetic theory of gases and Radiation Concept of an ideal gas, Assumptions of kinetic theory, Mean free path, Derivation for pressure of a gas, Degrees of freedom, Derivation of Boyle‟s law, Thermodynamics- Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature, 1st law of thermodynamics, 2nd law of thermodynamics, Heat engines and refrigerators, Qualitative idea of black body radiation,Wein’s displacement law, Green house effect, Stefan’s law, Maxwell distribution, Law of equipartition of energy and application to Specific heat capacities of gases.
10. Wave theory of light Wave theory of light, Huygens‟ Principle, Construction of plane and spherical wave front, Wave
front and wave normal, Reflection at plane surface, Refraction at plane surface, Polarisation, Polaroids, Plane polarised light, Brewster‟s law, Doppler effect in light.
11. Interference and diffraction Interference of light, Conditions for producing steady interference pattern, Young‟s experiment, Analytical treatment of interference bands, Measurement of wavelength by biprism experiment, Diffraction due to single slit, Rayleigh‟s criterion, Resolving power of a microscope and telescope, Difference between interference and diffraction.
12. Electrostatics Gauss‟ theorem proof and applications, Mechanical force on unit area of a charged conductor, Energy density of a medium, Dielectrics and electric polarisation, Concept of condenser, Capacity of parallel plate condenser, Effect of dielectric on capacity, Energy of charged condenser, Condensers in series and parallel, van-de-Graaff generator.
13. Current electricity Kirchhoff‟s law, Wheatstone‟s bridge, Meter bridge, Potentiometer.
14. Magnetic effects of electric current Ampere‟s law and its applications, Moving coil galvanometer, Ammeter, Voltmeter,
Sensitivity of moving coil galvanometer, Cyclotron.
15. Magnetism Circular current loop as a magnetic dipole, Magnetic dipole moment of revolving electron, Magnetisation and magnetic intensity, Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism on the basis of domain theory, Curie temperature.
16 Electromagnetic inductions Laws of electromagnetic induction, proof of, e = - dØ dt Eddy currents, Self induction and mutual induction, Need for displacement current, Transformer, Coil rotating in uniform magnetic induction, Alternating currents, Reactance and impedance, LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only) Power in a.c circuit with resistance, inductance and capacitance, Resonant circuit, Wattless current, AC generator.
17 Electrons and photons Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard‟s observations, Einstein‟s equation, Particle nature of
18 Atoms, Molecules and Nuclei Alpha particle scattering experiment, Rutherford‟s model of atom. Bohr‟s model, Hydrogen spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, Radioactivity, Decay law, mass-energy relation, mass defect, B.E. per nucleon and its variation with mass number, Nuclear fission and fusion, de Broglie hypothesis, Matter waves – wave nature of particles, Wavelength of an electron, Davisson and Germer experiment, Continuous and characteristics X-rays.
19 Semiconductors Energy bands in solids, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, P-type and N-type semiconductor, P-N junction diode, I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, Rectifiers, Zener diode as a voltage regulator, Photodiode, Solar cell, I-V characteristics of LED, Transistor action and its characteristics, Transistor as an amplifier (CE mode),Transistor as a switch,Oscillators and Logic gates (OR,AND,NOT,NAND,NOR)
20 Communication systems Elements of communication system, bandwidth of signals, bandwidth of transmission medium,
Need for modulation, Production and detection of an amplitude modulated wave, space communication, Propagation of electromagnetic waves in atmosphere.
List of Practicals
1. To determine Young‟s modu