igrants in the US. She was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 for her efforts to promote pacifism after World War One.
6/3/1935, Oliver Wendell Jr, US Supreme Court Justice, died in Washington DC.
8/1/1935. Elvis Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, the surviving brother of twins.
8/9/1934, The luxury liner Morro Castle caught fire off New Jersey, killing 134.
20/8/1934. The USA joined the International Labour Organisation.
7/8/1934, A US Appeal Court upheld a judge’s ruling to allow James Joyce’s work, Ulysses, to be sold in the USA.
22/7/1934, Bank robber John Dillinger was killed in an FBI ambush in Chicago.
9/6/1934. Donald Duck was created, in Walt Disney’s cartoon The Little Wise Hen. Walt Disney was born in Chicago on 5/12/1901.
23/5/1934. Bank robbers Bonnie Parker (23) and Clyde Barrow (25) were shot dead in an ambush by Texas rangers near Gibland, Alabama. Clyde met Bonnie in the café where she worked. She chose a life of excitement, drama, and danger, when she married the convict Clyde. She drove his getaway car as he robbed banks. A total of 12 people had died in their raids across the south western USA over the past 4 years. In 1930 Clyde was arrested but he escaped with Bonnie’s help and returned to bank robbery. After the death of the pair, people paid to see their bodies in the State morgue.
17/5/1934, Cass Gilbert, the US architect who designed many of New York’s skyscrapers, including the Woolworth Building, died.
26/4/1934, US railway companies averted a strike by reaching a settlement to gradually roll back the 10% pay cut imposed on the workers two years earlier.
18/4/1934. The first launderette opened in Fort Worth, Texas, by J F Cantrell. It was called a washeteria.
25/3/1934, The threatened US car workers' strike was averted when the Roosevelt administration created a National Automotive Labor Board to help resolve disputes
24/3/1934. The USA promised it would grant independence to the Philippines.
5/2/1934, Rioting broke out in the streets of New York over the cab driver strike as strikers fought with police and burned independent cabs.
16/11/1933, The USA established diplomatic relations with the USSR for the first time since the Russian Revolution.
7/11/1933, LaGuardia was elected Mayor of New York; he served until 1045.
31/10/1933, The carvings of the four heads of Presidents at Mount Rushmore, South Dakota, was completed.
30/9/1933, US President Franklin D Roosevelt announced the US$ 700 million New Deal for the poor.
6/6/1933. The first drive – in cinema opened in Camden, New Jersey, with room for 400 cars.
27/5/1933, The ‘Century of World Progress’ Fair opened in Chicago.
22/5/1933. President Roosevelt appointed Harry Hopkins as the administrator of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. This was to give aid and work to the destitute in the USA as the 1930s Depression deepened. 29/10/1929 was the date of the Wall Street Crash.
24/4/1933, Felix Adler, US educationalist (born 13/8/1851) died.
12/3/1933, In the US, President Roosevelt made the first of his ‘fireside chats’ by radio to the people. He assured people that the banks were safe for depositing savings.
9/3/1933, In the US, the holding of gold bullion by private citizens was made illegal by the Emergency Banking Relief Act. This was a measure to ensure that all gold in the US was available to back the US Dollar during the Depression.
4/3/1933. President Franklin D Roosevelt was inaugurated in the USA. In the midst of the Depression, with banks closing, he said “We have nothing to fear but fear itself”.
23/1/1933, The US, under the 20th Amendment, moved the Inauguration Day of its Presidents from 4 March to 23 January. The aim was to reduce the ‘lame duck’ period of an outgoing President.
7/9/1932, J Paul Getty II, US philanthropist, was born.
9/7/1932. King Camp Gillette, American inventor of the safety razor and blade, died.
16/7/1932, Rioting broke out in front of the White House by members of the Bonus Army who still refused to leave the capital. Contrary to tradition, President Hoover did not attend the final day of t