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- Id. [Back to Text]
- The Hague Convention on Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Recognition of Decrees Relating to Adoptions, Hague No. 13, with a brief Preamble and 24 articles, was concluded on November 15, 1965, and entered into force on October 23, 1978. In accordance with its article 23, it will cease to have effect on October 23, 2008. For an online text, see the HCCH Web site, http://hcch.e-vision.nl/index_en.php?act=conventions.text&cid=75 (last visited July 27, 2007). [Back to Text]
- Van Bueren, supra note 3, at 98. [Back to Text]
- Id. [Back to Text]
- The European Convention on the Adoption of Children was opened for signature on April 24, 1967, and entered into force on April 26, 1968. C.E.T.S. No. 058. It comprises a Preamble and 28 articles. For an online text, see the COE Web site, http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/058.htm (last visited July 27, 2007). Links to a chart of signatures and ratifications and other information are available via the same Web site, at http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/QueVoulezVous.asp?
NT=058&CL=ENG (last visited July 27, 2007). [Back to Text]
- Van Bueren, supra note 3, at 99. [Back to Text]
- Summary of the Treaty, the COE Web site, http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Summaries/Html/058.htm (last visited July 27, 2007); Van Bueren, supra note 3, at 99. [Back to Text]
- The Inter-American Convention, in twenty-nine articles, was adopted by the OAS Member States on May 24, 1984, and in force as of May 26, 1988. O.A.S.T.S. No. 62. For an online text of the Inter-American Convention, see the OAS Web site, http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/sigs/b-48.html (last visited July 30, 2007) (scroll to the end of the page for the hyperlink to the treaty text). The URL also lists the status of signatures and ratifications to the Convention.
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The Hague Convention on the Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, comprising a Preamble and forty-eight articles, was concluded on May 29, 1993, and entered into force on May 1, 1995. 32 I.L.M. 1134 (1993). For an online text, see the HCCH Web site,
http://www.hcch.net/index_en.php?act=conventions.text&cid=69 (last visited July 27, 2007). See also Hans Van Loon, Hague Convention of 29 May 1993 on Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, 3 The International Journal of Children’s Rights 463 (1995), available athttp://www.iss-ssi.org/Resource_Centre/Tronc_CI/thcvloon.pdf.
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- Van Bueren, supra note 3, at 99-100. [Back to Text]
- Van Bueren, supra note 3, at 122, notes that the 1993 Convention’s approach reinforces that taken in the IAC guaranteeing the secrecy of the adoption “where called for.” She also refers to the non-binding 1986 Declaration on Social and Legal Principles Relating to the Protection and Welfare of Children with Special Reference to Foster Placement and Adoption Nationally and Internationally, which states: “[t]he need of a foster or an adopted child to know about his or her background should be recognised by persons responsible for the child’s care unless this is contrary to the child’s best interests.”
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- The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, Hague No. 28, was adopted by the Hague Conference on Private International Law on October 25, 1980, and entered into force on December 1, 1983. T.I.A.S. No. 11,670, 1343 U.N.T.S. 89; 19 I.L.M. 1501 (1980). For an online text, see the HCCH Web site, http://hcch.e-vision.nl/index_en.php?act=conventions.text&cid=24 (last visited July 26, 2007) (unofficial source). For an online description of the Convention and links to other sites and information, see the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Consular Affairs Web site,http://travel.state.gov/family/abduction/hague_issues/ hague_issues_578.html (last visited July 26, 2007). For a list of “Party Countries and Effective Dates with U.S.,” see http://travel.state.gov/family/abduction/hague_issues/hague_issues_1487.html (last visited July 26, 2007). See also Gloria Folger DeH