In 1991, the national population census estimated the population of the district at about 69,400. The national census in 2002 estimated the population of Amuria District at approximately 180,000. In 2012, the population of Amuria District was estimated at approximately 406,400. The able below illustrates how the population of Amuria District has been growing during the first decade of the 21st century. The next Uganda population census is scheduled for August 2012.
The economy of Amuria District is based on two main activities; (a) Subsistence agriculture and (b) Animal husbandry. Over 90% of the population in the district engage in either or both activities. The crops grown in the district include: