e highest standards of human cultural
excellence and perfection; also emphasized the independence and sovereignty
of the individual.
Pope who commissioned Michelangelo for his tomb and the Sistine
Ceiling, among other projects.
friend from Michelangelo's childhood; nephew of Lorenzo de' Medici.
leader of the Protestant Reformation; sparked an uproar against
the Catholic Church after posting his "Theses" in Wittenburg in
most affluent and influential family in Florence; great Renaissance
patrons of the arts, they supported Michelangelo as rulers of Florence
and as Popes
Lorenzo de' Medici
The philosophy that reconciled Classicism and Christianity
during the Renaissance; most actively argued by Marsilio Ficino.
Pope who commissioned the Last Judgment
Campidoglio, among other projects.
sculpture of the dead Christ
contemplated, by the Virgin Mary or other Biblical figures, after
being taken down from the cross.
reigning Pope when Michelangelo died in 1564 and the Pope who ordered
the repainting of the nudes in the Last Judgment.
One of the foremost Italian painters of the High Renaissance
religious movement that split the Catholic Church and led to the
creation of Protestantism; started by Martin Luther in 1517 in
Wittenburg, Germany, the Reformation quickly split Europe religiously
period that began in Italy and Northern Europe around 1400, marked
by a dramatic resurgence of interest in the arts and sciences and
triggered by a renewed emphasis on the ideas and art of Classical Greece
Giuliano da Sangallo
(c.1443–1516) Architect who worked on the design
and construction of St. Peter's after Bramante and before Michelangelo.
Dominican friar who led a puritanical revolt against
Neoplatonism and was burned at the stake for heresy; Michelangelo
met him at the palace of Lorenzo de'Medici
painting technique developed by Leonardo that involves a soft blending
of colors to create the atmospheric effect of a mist or haze.
'90–1576) Venetian High Renaissance painter and admirer of the Last
(1511–1574) Painter and author of Lives of
published in 1550, which included a biography of