are:
A bug is an error, flaw, or unexpected behavior in a program that causes it to malfunction.
Bugs can occur due to mistakes during coding and cause inaccurate results.
Bug detection and fixing are essential parts of software development.
Common programming errors include syntax, logic, runtime, and semantic errors.
The period when an executable program runs on a system following its launch by a user or another program.
This phase includes:
- The program's interaction with the system resources and user.
- Dynamic memory allocation and management.
- The execution of the program's instructions by the CPU.
The time a program is constructed from code into an executable format by a compiler, linker, or similar build tools.
It is the phase where:
- Source code is translated into machine code or intermediate code.
- Dependencies are included and resolved.
- The final software package or binary is assembled.
Integrated Development Environment
An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a software application that programmers use for software development.
It includes a code editor, debugger, compiler, and other tools to facilitate development.
Popular IDEs for programming languages include:
- Visual Studio Code (a lightweight code editor)
- Visual Studio (for languages like C#, C++)
- Eclipse (for Java, C++)
- PyCharm (for Python)
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming model that uses objects or classes to design and organize code.
OOP is based on the concept of "objects," which can encapsulate data (attributes) and behavior (methods).
With the help of OOP, you can structure code in a modular, reusable, and understandable way.
In Object-oriented programming, a class is a template for creating objects. It defines the attributes and behaviors of the objects to separate them based on their characteristics.
A class can inherit properties and behaviors from another class, which promotes code reuse and forms a hierarchy between classes.
A programming language is a set of rules and syntax programmers use to write source code.
A compiler then translates The source code into machine language, enabling the computer to execute the program.
Some programming languages are:
Machine language is the binary code a computer's CPU can execute directly. It consists of binary instructions, represented by 0 and 1, which correspond to specific operations performed by the hardware.
In programming, Conditionals are statements that allow code execution based on whether a specified condition is True or False.
Conditional statements help control the flow of a program, allowing it to make decisions based on the programmer's needs.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol or HTTP is an application-layer protocol that enables the transfer of HTML files over the internet.
It is the base of data communication on the World Wide Web.
HTTPS (HTTP Secure) is a secure version of HTTP that uses encryption (TLS/SSL protocols) to protect the data transmitted between client and server.
Frontend development is the client-side development of a website or web application's user interface and user experience.
Frontend developers work on designing the layout, visual elements, and features of a website that users interact with directly in their web browsers.
3 Core languages used in frontend development are:
- HTML (HyperText Markup Language): to create web page content like headings, paragraphs, links, and images.
- CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): for styling and layout like colors, spacing, fonts, etc.
Backend development is the server-side development of a web application.
Backend developers focus on implementing the server logic, databases, APIs, and other components that enable the functionality of a website or web application.
Programming languages used in backend development are:
User Interface (UI) design refers to a website's visual and interactive elements that users interact with directly.
It includes components such as:
- Icons and images
- Buttons and links
User Experience (UX) design is a user's overall experience while interacting with a website.
It includes 