ial.
Back - The roof or upper part in any underground mining cavity.
Bed - A stratum of mineral or other sedimentary deposit.
Berm - A pile or mound of material capable of restraining a vehicle.
Bit - The hardened and strengthened device at the end of a drill rod that transmits the energy of breakage to the rock. The size of the bit determines the size of the hole. A bit may be either detachable from or integral with its supporting drill rod.
Brow - A low place in the roof of a mine, giving insufficient headroom.
Cap - A miner's safety helmet.
Cage - In a mine shaft, the device, similar to an elevator car, that is used for hoisting personnel and materials.
Car - A railway wagon, especially any of the wagons adapted to carrying coal, ore, and waste underground.
Collar - The term applied to the timbering or concrete around the mouth or top of a shaft. The beginning point of a shaft or drill hole at the surface.
Deposit - Mineral deposit or ore deposit is used to designate a natural occurrence of a useful mineral, or an ore, in sufficient extent and degree of concentration to invite exploitation.
Drift - A horizontal passage underground. A drift follows the vein, as distinguished from a crosscut that intersects it, or a level or gallery, which may do either.
Entry - An underground horizontal or near-horizontal passage used for haulage, ventilation, or as a main way; a coal heading; a working place where the ore is extracted from the seam in the initial mining; same as "gate" and "roadway," both British terms.
Face – The exposed area of an ore bed from which minerals are being extracted.
Feeder - A machine that feeds mined material onto a conveyor belt evenly.
Flight - The metal strap or crossbar attached to the drag chain-and-flight conveyor.
Floor - The bottom or underlying surface of an underground excavation.
Grizzly - Course screening or scalping device that prevents oversized bulk material form entering a material transfer system; constructed of rails, bars, beams, etc.
Head frame - The structure surmounting the shaft which supports the hoist rope pulley and often the hoist itself.
Hoist - A drum on which hoisting rope is wound in the engine house, as the cage or skip is raised in the hoisting shaft.
Horseback - A mass of material with a slippery surface in the roof; shaped like a horse's back.
Intake - The passage through which fresh air is drawn or forced into a mine or to a section of a mine.
Lamp - The electric cap lamp worn for visibility.
Outcrop – Ore that appears at or near the surface.
Pillar - An area of mineral left to support the overlying strata in a mine; sometimes left permanently to support surface structures.
Plan - A map showing features such as mine workings or geological structures on a horizontal plane.
Rib - The side of a pillar or the wall of an entry. The solid material on the side of any underground passage. Same as rib pillar.
Shaft - A primary vertical or non-vertical opening through mine strata used for ventilation or drainage and/or for hoisting of personnel or materials; connects the surface with underground workings.
Skip - A car being hoisted from a slope or shaft.
Timber - A collective term for underground wooden supports.
Trip - A train of mine cars.
Working face - Any place in a mine where material is extracted during a mining cycle.