ink of any action and try to make a sketch of reflex arc.
10th Class Biology Textbook Page No. 102
According to you what would be the function of the spinal cord?
Functions of the spinal cord :
- Spinal cord sends information received from different parts of the body to brain.
- Also it sends the information to various parts received from brain.
- Spinal cord also play a major role in reflex actions.
Are all functions of our body under direct control of the brain and spinal cord? Why do you think so?
Yes. All the functions of our body are under direct control of the brain and spinal cord. The 43 pairs of peripheral nervous system associated with brain and spinal cord plays an important role in disposing our body functions.
10th Class Biology Textbook Page No. 103
Which root according to you gets signals from afferent nerves?
The dorsal root of the spinal cord gets signals from afferent nerves.
What do you think the end of these nerves act at the muscular end?
At the ends of these nerves can involuntarily control several functions of regions like internal organs, blood vessels, smooth and cardiac muscles and is called an autonomous nervous system. It has voluntary control of muscles of some areas of skin and the skeletal muscle.
10th Class Biology Textbook Page No. 104
To which organs of the body do the nerves go from the ganglions near the vertebral column?
The organs like heart, lungs, stomach, intestines, urinary bladder, kidneys, hand fingers of the body, the nerves go from the ganglions near the vertebral column.
10th Class Biology Textbook Page No. 105
What are the organs that receives nerves starting from the brain?
Eye, mouth, tongue, salivary glands are the organs receives nerves starting from the brain.
Which are the organs whose activities are influenced by the sympathetic nervous system?
Eye – pupil, heart, lungs, blood vessels, sweat glands, digestive tract, kidneys, penis are the organs influenced by the sympathetic nervous system.
Which are the organs whose activities are influenced by the parasympathetic system?
Stomach, intestines, salivary glands, reproductive organs, etc., are influenced by para sympathetic system.
What do you understand about the functions of parasympathetic nervous system?
Parasympathetic nervous system slows down the body functions such as feed & breed, rest & digest, sexual arose, lacrimation, urination, defecation and digestion.
What do you understand about the functions of sympathetic nervous system?
Sympathetic nervous system speeds up the body functions. Dilates pupil, heart – increases rate, force of contraction, lungs dilates, blood vessels contraction, etc. are the functions controlled by sympathetic nervous system.
10th Class Biology Textbook Page No. 107
Have you ever observed the duration of anger?
The duration of anger will be sometimes ten minutes or fifteen minutes or according to the situation.
Why does anger come down?
Anger is always short lived factor. Increased levels of adrenalin are responsible for anger. When the levels of adrenalin in the blood come down slowly. We came to normal state.
What may happen if anger persists for a longer period?
If anger persists for longer time, regular metabolic activities are disturbed.
What will happen if it is continued for longer periods of time?
The sugar levels in the blood rise than normal level. Blood pressure increases, burning sensation in the heart, stomach upsets are the some of the abnormal conditions may happen.
10th Class Biology 5th Lesson Coordination – The Linking System Activities
Activity – 1
Holding a falling stick.
Take a long scale or stick at least around V2 meter. Keep your fingers in holding position. Ask your friend to hold the stick / scale near the end and let the other end be suspended between your fingers.
Let there be a very small gap around a centimeter between your thumb and stick/scale and fore finger. Now let you friend allow it to fall. Try to hold it.
- Could you hold it exactly at the point where it was suspended between your fingers?
No. I cannot hold it exactly at the point.
- How far up wa