ntal aptitudes and compare them with those of others.
the ability to delay immediate pleasures in pursuit of long-range rewards is most clearly a characterisic of
the distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern this pattern is called a
be mainstreamed into regular school classrooms
over the past fifty or so years, children with mental retardation have increasingly been likely to
test performance is influenced by cultural expericences
everyone would agree that intelligence tests are "biased" in the sense taht
more neural plasticity and faster brain-wave responses to simple stimui than do those with lower scores
people who score high on intelligence tests exhibit
Mary's bathreoom scale always overstates peopls actual weight by exactly six pounds. The scale is ____ reliablity and __ validity.
an integrated perspective that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth
the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)
an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes and predicts observations
neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
bundled axons that form neural "cables" connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs
somatic nervous system
the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. (skeletal nervous system0
autonomic nervous system
the part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands. Divides up
sympathetic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
parasympathetic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy
areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions; rather, they are involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking.
believed that the driving force behind intellectual development is our biological development amidst experiecnes of enviorment famous for "stages" of cognitive development.
Preconventional morality Kohlburg
before age nine. morality focuses on selfinterest. (obey rules to avoid punishment or gain reward)
Conventional morality Kohlburg
by early adolescence. caring for otheres and on upholding laws and social rules.
Postconventional morality Kohlburg
abstract reasoning. actions are judged "right" because they flow from peopl'e rights or self0defined basic ethic principles.
the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Physiological needs-safty-belongingness and love-esteem needs-self-actualization-self transcendence needs.
for variety--------> preference for routine