on 2009, pp. 4–5.
- Miles 1938, p. xv.
- Bond 2002, pp. 1–104.
- Boraston 1919, p. 53.
- Wendt 1931, p. 246.
- Edmonds 1932, pp. 496–497.
- Philpott 2009, pp. 601–602.
- Sheffield 2003, p. 151.
- Miles 1938, p. 553.
- Churchill 1938, p. 1423.
- Philpott 2009, pp. 600–602.
- Churchill 1938, pp. 1427, 1004.
- Churchill 1938, p. 966.
- Doughty 2005, p. 309.
- Prior & Wilson 2005, pp. 300–301.
- Sheldon 2005, p. 398.
- Harris 2008, p. 271.
- Sheffield 2011, pp. 194, 197.
- Philpott 2009, pp. 602–603.
- Boraston 1919, p. 64.
- Falls 1940, p. 115.
- Falls 1940, pp. 95–107.
- Steele 2003, p. 10.
- Steele 2003, p. 192.
- Robinson 2010, pp. 86–87.
- Terraine 1963, p. 230.
- Sheffield 2001, p. 188.
- Duffy 2006, pp. 324, 327.
- Chickering 1998, pp. 70–71.
- Herwig 1996, p. 249.
- Philpott 2009, p. 625.
- On the German historiography see Foley, Robert T. (2011). "Learning War's Lessons: The German Army and the Battle of the Somme 1916". Journal of Military History 75 (2): 471–504. ISSN 1543-7795.
- On the French historiography see Philpott, William (2009). Bloody Victory: The Sacrifice on the Somme and the Making of the Twentieth Century. London: Little Brown. ISBN 9781408701089., and Greenhalgh, Elizabeth (July 2003). "Flames over the Somme: A Retort to William Philpott". War in History 10 (3): 335–342. ISSN 1477-0385.
- On British historiography see Philpott, William (2006). "The Anglo–French Victory on the Somme". Diplomacy & Statecraft 17 (4): 731–751. ISSN 1557-301X., Deverell, Christopher (Spring 2005). "X. Haig versus Rawlinson-Manoeuvre versus Attrition: The British Army on the Somme, 1916". Defense Studies 5 (1): 124–137. OCLC 55201531., and Coleman, Joseph (2014). "Historiographical Essay on the Battle of the Somme". Retrieved 26 February 2015.
- Bond, B. (2002). The Unquiet Western Front: Britain's Role in Literature and History. London: CUP. ISBN 0-52180-995-9.
- Boraston, J. H. (1919). Sir Douglas Haig's Despatches (1920 ed.). London: Dent. OCLC 633614212.
- Churchill, W. S. (1923–1931). The World Crisis (Odhams 1938 ed.). London: Thornton Butterworth. OCLC 4945014.
- Chickering, R. (1998). Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918 (2nd, 2004 ed.). London: CUP. ISBN 0-52154-780-6.
- Doughty, R. A. (2005). Pyrrhic Victory: French Strategy and Operation in the Great War. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University. ISBN 0-67401-880-X.
- Dowling, T. (2008). The Brusilov Offensive. Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-35130-8.
- Duffy, C. (2006). Through German Eyes: The British and the Somme 1916 (Phoenix 2007 ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson. ISBN 978-0-7538-2202-9.
- Edmonds, J. E. (1932). Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916: Sir Douglas Haig's Command to the 1st July: Battle of the Somme. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence I (IWM & Battery Press 1993 ed.). London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-89839-185-7.
- Falls, C. (1940). Military Operations France and Belgium 1917: The German Retreat to the Hindenburg Line and the Battles of Arras. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence I (IWM & Battery Press 1992 ed.). London: HMSO. ISBN 0-89839-180-6.
- Foley, R. T. (2007). German Strategy and the Path to Verdun: Erich von Falkenhayn and the Development of Attrition, 1870–1916. Cambridge: CUP. ISBN 978-0-521-04436-3.
- Harris, J. P. (2008). Douglas Haig and the First World War (2009 ed.). Cambridge: CUP. ISBN 978-0-521-89802-7.
- Hart, P. (2006). The Somme. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-36735-1.
- Herwig, H. (1996). The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914–1918. London: Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 0-34057-348-1.
- McCarthy, C. (1993). The Somme: The Day-by-Day Account (Arms & Armour Press 1995 ed.). London: Weidenfeld Military. ISBN 1-85409-330-4.
- Miles, W. (1938). Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916: 2nd July 1916 to the End of the Battles of the Somme. History of the Great War Based on Offic