The Ecology Center today released new research on toxic chemicals in low-cost children's and adult jewelry at www.HealthyStuff.org. Researchers tested for chemicals -- including lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, bromine and chlorine (PVC) – which have been linked in animal and some human studies to acute allergies and long-term health impacts such as birth defects, impaired learning, liver toxicity, and cancer.
Over half (57%) of the products tested had a "high" level of concern due to the presence of one or more hazardous chemicals detected at high levels. Four products contained over 10% cadmium, a known carcinogen. Fifty percent contained lead, with over half of these containing more than 300 ppm of lead in one or more components, exceeding the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) limit of lead in children’s products.
"There is no excuse for jewelry, especially children's jewelry, to be made with some of the most well studied and dangerous substances on the planet," said Jeff Gearhart, Research Director at the Ecology Center and founder of HealthyStuff.org. "We urge manufacturers to start replacing these chemicals with non-toxic substances immediately."
Ninety-nine pieces of jewelry were tested from 14 different retailers, including: Ming 99 City, Burlington Coat Factory, Target, Big Lots, Claire's, Glitter, Forever 21, Walmart, H&M, Meijers, Kohl's, Justice, Icing and Hot Topic. Samples were collected from 6 different states, including Ohio, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York and Vermont.
HealthyStuff.org measured the presence of these chemicals with an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer – a proven, accurate indicator of elements in products. Anyone concerned about these jewelry products can visit www.HealthyStuff.org and search by brand, jewelry type and chemical detected.
Highlights of Study Results:
OVERALL -- 59% (58) of products tested were rated with a HIGH level of concern due the presence of one or more hazardous chemical detected at high levels.
LEAD -- 27 of 99 (27%) of jewelry contained greater than 300 ppm lead in one or more components. 300 ppm is the CPSC limit of lead in children’s products.
CADMIUM -- 10 of 99 (10%) of jewelry contained greater than100 ppm cadmium in one or more components.
CHROMIUM -- 92 of 95 (93%) of jewelry contained greater than 100 ppm chromium.
NICKEL -- 30 of 95 (30%) of jewelry contained greater than 100 ppm nickel.
BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS -- 7 of 95 (7%) of jewelry contained brominated flame retardants (greater than 1,000 ppm bromine).
CHLORINE -- One-third, 11 of 95 (12%) of jewelry contained PVC (greater than 25,000 ppm chlorine).
Other chemicals analyzed include mercury and arsenic.
According to the CPSC, parents and caregivers should not allow young children to be given, or to play with, cheap metal jewelry, especially when unsupervised. The CPSC states that: "Swallowing, sucking on or chewing a metal charm or necklace could result in exposure to lead, cadmium or other heavy metals, which are known to be toxic at certain levels of exposure."
However, in 2010, the CPSC declined to regulate cadmium in children's products, and instead has supported an industry developed voluntary standard. In response, six states have moved to regulate cadmium in the absence of federal leadership, including California, Connecticut, Illinois, Maryland, Minnesota and Washington State. In addition, a wave of consumer pressure is propelling a rewrite of the Toxics Substance Control Act (TSCA), the federal law that regulates chemicals in commerce. The TSCA reform bill, the Safe Chemicals Act (S. 847), was introduced by Senator Lautenburg in 2011 and now has 15 co-sponsors.
"Toxic jewelry is just one symptom of the complete failure of our federal chemicals regulatory system," said Gearhart. "Our children will never be safe until we reform our laws to ensure products are safe before they arrive on store shelves."
Since 2007 researchers at the Ecology Center have performed over 20,000 tests on 7,000 consumer products, including pet products, vehicles, women's handbags, jewelry, bac