rplanes fly around 35,000 feet—an altitude at which humans could not survive without additional oxygen. To eliminate this problem, most airplanes pressurize the cabin to create a perceived altitude of about 8,000 feet. This means airplanes create an environment that feels the same way it would feel if you were standing 8,000 feet above sea level. The air is thinner. It’s dry. If you’re used to living closer to sea level, the experience might even give you a headache.
In short, prolonged exposure to these conditions makes you feel lousy. But the new planes are able to pressurize cabins to create a perceived altitude of about 6,000 feet—an altitude at which some of the conditions aren’t as significant.
“You might not notice the difference on a six-hour flight, but on a 15- or 18- or 19-hour flight, you notice it,” Hobica said.
More moisture in the passenger cabin also contributes to diminished effects of jet lag.
Hobica noted that older airplanes were made of aluminum and other metals that can corrode, materials that don’t do well when exposed to water. For this reason — to minimize risk, really — the pressurization process historically has reduced the moisture content to around 1 percent humidity. This is why airplane air is so darn dry.
Newer planes, however, are made of carbon-reinforced plastics — material that doesn’t care if it gets wet. According to Hobica (and a bunch of research), this reality allows for more humidity into the cabin after pressurization, making it much more comfortable for us humans.
“Eventually, all planes will offer the same benefits as the newer ones, but it will take a few decades,” said Hobica. “Years from now the experience should be more pleasant for all of us.”
What do we leisure travelers do until then? According to Hobica, lubricating nostrils, drinking water, NOT drinking alcohol, and flying with eyeshades can make flights more comfortable. Of course, you also can opt to do nothing and make the most of your jet lag, as one of our writers explained back in 2015. At least you now know a little more about what’s really happening.