With the development of showier hybrids, the poppy anemone (Anemone coronaria) is rarely seen in gardens anymore. The species anemones, which resemble small Oriental poppies with their red, blue or white flowers surrounding black centers, originated in the Mediterranean region of Europe. Unlike other anemones, or windflowers, these spring bloomers grow from tuberous bulbs rather than rhizomes. They flourish in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 7 to 10.
A relative of the ranunculus, the poppy anemone produces a solitary bloom on each 10- to 12-inch stem. Blossoms average about 2 1/2 inches across, held above medium-green, finely divided leaves. Among the most popular strains of poppy anemones are De Caen, featuring single flowers, and St. Brigid, with semidouble to double blooms. If ingested, all anemones can be poisonous. The sap may also irritate skin on contact. As for threats to the plant itself, no serious insect pest or disease problems have been noted.
Spring-blooming anemones thrive in partial shade. Plant tubers in the fall, after soaking them first for a few hours. Make sure that the scarred side of the tuber points up. Poppy anemones appreciate sandy, well-drained soil that is slightly acidic. The tubers should be set about 4 inches below the soil surface. To discourage powdery mildew from forming on the leaves, space the tubers at least 8 inches apart. Generally a low-maintenance plant, the poppy anemone has water needs that are rated as medium.
Following the flowering period, poppy anemones go dormant. Deadheading the plants will only make them look neater; the action will not prolong flowering. These spring bloomers have a tendency to spread. Midsummer to early fall is the best time to divide the tubers and replant to increase the next year's crop. Cover the bed with a layer of protective mulch for the winter, removing just before spring buds appear.
Some gardeners bypass the fancy anemone hybrids, preferring the clear, bright colors and simple lines of the poppy anemone. Because of these traits, they make ideal companions for sweet peas (Lathyrus latifolius). The low-growing perennials are naturals for woodland and rock gardens. Outline a bed with poppy anemones, or plant them with other spring bulbs, such as tulips. Cut them to display indoors in a vase. Tuberous anemones also excel as container plants.