ng epidemic of obesity in this population, screening for elevated blood cholesterol levels is now recommended in children nine to 11 years of age.
Hematocrit or Hemoglobin. In addition to the universal screening recommended at 12 months of age to detect iron deficiency anemia, physicians should conduct a risk assessment to determine if hematocrit or hemoglobin screening is needed in children at 15 and 30 months of age.
Sexually Transmitted Infection/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Screening. Screening for HIV infection is recommended in adolescents 16 to 18 years of age. Statistics show that one in four new HIV infections occurs in persons 13 to 24 years of age, and approximately 60% of younger persons with HIV infection are unaware that they are infected.
Cervical Dysplasia. Screening for cervical dysplasia is no longer recommended annually from 11 through 21 years of age but instead should begin at 21 years of age.
Critical Congenital Heart Disease. Screening for critical congenital heart disease with pulse oximetry is now recommended. This should be performed in the hospital before newborn discharge.
Guideline source: American Academy of Pediatrics
Evidence rating system used? Yes
Literature search described? Yes
Guideline developed by participants without relevant financial ties to industry? Yes
Published source: Pediatrics. January 2016; 137(1):25–27
Coverage of guidelines from other organizations does not imply endorsement by AFP or the AAFP.
This series is coordinated by Sumi Sexton, MD, Associate Deputy Editor.
A collection of Practice Guidelines published in AFP is available at http://www.aafp.org/afp/practguide.
Copyright © 2016 by the American Academy of Family Physicians.
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