Shawnee, and Ottawa tribes and had strengthened their fortifications. The Indians were concerned at the loss of their fur trade to the British, and wanted a return to the old Indian customs. In November 1763 the Indians lifted the siege after failing to gain French support.
28/11/1729, In Louisiana, Natchez Indians massacred over 200 White settlers after the colonists tried to appropriate the Indians traditional burial grounds.
23/6/1683, William Penn signed a treaty of peace and friendship with chiefs of the Lenapi Indian tribe, at Shakamaxon.
1680, Revolt by the Arizona Amerindians against the Spanish.
29/5/1677, The Treaty of Middle Plantation established peace between the Virginia colonists and the local Indians.
12/8/1676, King Philip, American Indian Chief, was killed. The Indian War in New England ended.
1659, Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, was bought from the American Indians by Thomas Macy for £30 and two beaver hats.
13/12/1636, The Massachusetts Bay Colony organised three militia regiments to defend against the Pequot Indians. This was the founding of the United States National Guard.
22/3/1622, The Jamestown Massacre. Algonquin Indians killed 347 English settlers outside Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony’s population, and burnt the Henricus settlement.
21/3/1617, Algonquin Indian princess Pocohontas, born ca.1595,died.
5/4/1614. An Indian Princess, Pocahontas, was married to John Rolfe, a Jamestown settler, in an effort to bring peace to the settlement between the Powhatan Indians and the British.
1598, The Spanish led by Don Juan de Onate marched into what is now Arizona from Zapateca in Mexico, bringing thousands of sheep, cattle and goats, They subjugated the local Amerindians into acting as herders, looking after these animals.
1513, The Spanish landed in Florida under Ponce de Leon. They were unable to subjugate the local Amerindians, whom they termed cimarrones, or ‘wild ones’. They are now known as the Seminole.
1397, Physician and mapmaker Paolo Toscanelli was born in Florence, Italy. It was his incorrect map, showing Asia just 3,000 miles west of Europe, that persuaded Columbus to sail west from Europe.
2,000 BCE, Squashes, maize and beans were being cultivated across the south west of the present-dasy USA. Long distance trade routes were now established.
7,500 BCE, Earliest known cemetery in North America; the Sloan burial site.
11,500 BCE, Earliest date associated with the Clovis Culture of North America.
Appendix 2 – Hawaii
23/11/1993, US President Bill Clinton apologised to the indigenous Hawaiians for the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii in the 19th century.
21/8/1959. Hawaii became the 50th State of the USA.
7/12/1941. Japanese attack on the USA fleet in Pearl Harbour, Hawaii. Pearl Harbour was taken entirely by surprise and within 2 hours 360 Japanese warplanes had destroyed 5 battleships, 14 smaller craft, and 200 aircraft. 2,400 people, many of them civilians, were killed. However the Japanese failed to find and destroy America’s all-important aircraft carriers, both of which were away on manoeuvres. The Japanese force then turned west to strike the British in the East Indies, Australia, and Ceylon (Sri Lanka). The US Congress met to declare war in emergency session on 8/12/1941,
much to the relief of Britain.
9/6/1926, Sanford Ballard Dole, Hawaiian statesman (born 23/4/1844 in Honolulu) died in Honolulu.
11/11/1917, Liliuokalani, Queen of Hawaii, died.
14/11/1909. The US President, William Taft, announced that a naval base would be built on Hawaii at Pearl Harbour to protect the US from attack from Japan.
12/8/1898. The sovereignty of Hawaii was transferred to the USA.
7/7/1898, The USA formally annexed Hawaii.
17/1/1893. US troops landed on Hawaii and annexed it to the USA. The annexation was generally peaceful. The US was concerned about the rise of Japan as a world power, the need for the US to have a Pacific base, the anti-US attitude of the Hawaiian Queen, and demands from Hawaiian sugar growers to sell inside the US tariff area.
20/1/1891, King David Kalalahua of Hawaii 