reatment of the major term - The conclusion implicates all members of the major term; however, the major premise does not account for them all.
- Illicit treatment of the minor term - Same as above, but for the minor term and minor premise.
- Exclusive premises - Both premises are negative, meaning no link is established between the major and minor terms.
- Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise - If either premise is negative, the conclusion must also be.
- Existential fallacy - This is a more controversial one. If both premises are universal, i.e. "All" or "No" statements, they don't imply the existence of any members of the terms. In this case, the conclusion cannot be existential; i.e. beginning with "Some".
- Venn diagram
- Syllogistic fallacy
- The False Subtlety of the Four Syllogistic Figures
- Forms of syllogism:
- ↑ According to Copi, p. 127: 'The letter names are presumed to come from the Latin words "AffIrmo" and "nEgO," which mean "I affirm" and "I deny," respectively; the first capitalized letter of each word is for universal, the second for particular'
- ↑ Bacon, Francis. The Great Instauration, 1620
- ↑ Michael Friedman emphasizes this in his Kant and the Exact Sciences (1992)
- Aristotle, Prior Analytics. transl. Robin Smith (Hackett, 1989) ISBN 0-87220-064-7.
- Blackburn, Simon, 1996. "Syllogism" in the Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-283134-8.
- Broadie, Alexander, 1993. Introduction to Medieval Logic. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-824026-0.
- Irving Copi, 1969. Introduction to Logic, 3rd ed. Macmillan Company.
- Jan Łukasiewicz, 1987 (1957). Aristotle's Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic. New York: Garland Publishers. ISBN 0824069242. OCLC 15015545.
- Abbreviatio Montana article by Prof. R. J. Kilcullen of Macquarie University on the medieval classification of syllogisms.
- The Figures of the Syllogism is a brief table listing the forms of the syllogism.
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Medieval Theories of Syllogisms
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