= filled black dot (like scalar product) in original text
Ø = Greek letter Ø for the Scalar Electrostatic Potential field
= Greek letter Nabla (upside down triangle)
|x| = Absolute value of x (only positive)
uf = microFarad
PRACTICAL OVERUNITY ELECTRICAL DEVICES
(C) T.E. Bearden
May 13, 1994
Recently, my associates and I have filed a patent application on what we believe will at long last reveal the mechanisms for practical overunity electrical devices. It is my purpose in this paper to provide additional information augmenting my former two papers, (1) "The Final Secret of Free Energy," Feb. 1993, and (2) "Additional Information on the Final Secret of Free Energy," Feb. 1994. In this present paper, with the permission of my colleagues, I release the gist of our work on separation of electrical charge into two coupled components Ø(m), where Ø represents the massless charge of the charged particle or mass, represents the fact that it is coupled or trying to couple to the special mass that makes up charged particles [i.e., the special kind of mass that will couple to the virtual photon flux density that is represented by the symbol Ø], and m represents the inert mass component of the charged mass. Since not all masses will couple with Ø, we indicate the type of mass that will couple with it, as m. Thus a charged mass is composed of (Ø)(m), which we consolidate to (Ø)(m).
Charge Is Not Quantized
An interesting immediate result is that the massless charge of a fundamental charged particle is not quantized; it changes as
a function of the background potential in which it is embedded. So it is discretized as a function of the background potential (i.e., of the virtual photon flux exchange between it and the surrounding vacuum). Otherwise, e.g., there could be no Ø created on any charged particle q, and hence no E-field, and hence electrons would not move in our present circuits. Since they do move in our circuits, charge is not quantized.
Electrical Current Has Two Components
The first key to understanding free energy electrical and magnetic machines is to realize that electrical current actually
consists of two currents coupled together. Our treatment of an electric charge as a coupled system (Ø)(m) also means that electron current i = dq/dt is comprised of two coupled components [(dØ/dt)(dm/dt)]. This follows from simply invoking the operator d/dt; i.e., d/dt[(Ø)(m)] = (dØ/dt)(dm/dt), which is the same as [(dØ/dt)(dm/dt)]. The component (dØ/dt) is the known but not well understood massless displacement current, while the component (dm/dt) is the mass displacement current, and the coupling operator means "coupled to" or "trying to couple to". The coupling operator represents a real physical operation: the exchange of virtual photons between the vacuum potential and the charged mass. Any potential Ø1 is considered to be a potential that is superposed upon the ambient vacuum potential Ø0 , to provide a potential (Ø0+Ø1). The ambient vacuum potential does not disappear merely because we add another potential to it!
Confusion In Present Electrical Physics
We point out that, in physics books of note, the overt coupling effect is essentially unknown or ignored because physics presently has not defined either the scalar potential or the electrical charge. The conventional theory simply uses an "inert" expression dØ/dt to represent the displacement current (and another inert expression q for a charged mass), and most theoreticians are uncomfortable even with that. The displacement current is also confused with force by equating the displacement current dØ/dt to dE/dt. In turn, this means that dØ/dt is confused with mass, hence with dm/dt, which latter is also a component of dq/dt. m is always an \internal component\ of force, as is known in foundations of physics but this fact continues to remain completely oblivious to the electricians. [Good electrical theorists do admit that there is no force in the vacuum; and that the force associated with the E-field is evidenced only in the interacting mass. However, they continue to maintain 