marketplace (Tlatelolco) of Tenochtitlan.
it had a great deal of local agricultural produce on display including avocados, beans, chili peppers, corn, squash, and tomatoes
Describe how the sun was the center of their religious practices.
the sun god was the most important one. He made the sun rise and set everyday
Describe how much sacrifice played into their battlefield strategy.
they made sure that they took their opponents alive in battle so they could use them for sacrifice
~by the 1700s it was a kingdom
~its rulers were growing rich by taxing the goods that traders carried through their territory
~by the year 800, Ghana had become an empire
~eventually, Ghana's rulers converted to Islam
~although the Almoravids eventually withdrew from Ghana, the war had badly disrupted the gold-salt trade and Ghana never regained its power
~emerged around 1235
~its founders were Mande-speaking people, who lived south of Ghana
~it's wealth was built on gold
~as Ghana remained weak, people who had been under its control began to act independently and minders found new gold deposits farther east
~this caused the most important trade routs to shift eastward, which made a new group of people -the people of Mali- wealthy
~Mali's first great leader
~came to power by crushing a cruel, unpopular leader
~through a series of military victories, he took over the kingdom of Ghana and the trading cities of Kumbi and Walta; a period of peace and prosperity followed
~he proved to be as great a leader in peace as he had been in war; he put able administrators in charge of Mali's finances, defense, and foreign affairs
~he promoted agriculture and reestablished the gold-salt trade
~he may have been Sundiata's grandnephew; ruled from about 1312 to 1332
~he was a skilled military leader who exercised royal control over the gold-salt trade and put down every rebellion
~his 100,000-man army kept order and protected Mali from attack
~under his rule, the empire expanded to roughly twice the size of the Ghana empire
~to govern his far-reaching empire, he divided it into provinces and appointed governors, who ruled failry and efficiently
~in 1352, one of Mansa Musa's successors prepared to receive a traveler and historian
~a native of Tangier in North Africa, had traveled for 27 years visiting most of the countries in the Islamic world
~after leaving the royal palace, he visited Timbuktu and other cities in Mali
~he found he could travel without fear of crime
~he left Mali in 1353
~as Mali declined in the 1400s, people who had been under its control began to break away
~they were one of these people, people to the east
~they built up an army and extended their territory to the large bend in the Niger river near Gao
~they gained control of the all-important trade routs
~they had 2 extraordinary rulers, both of whom were Muslims
~were a group of people named after the language they spoke
~the city-states of the Hausa people first emerged between the years 1000 and 1200 in the savanna area east of Mali and Songhai in what today is northern Nigeria
~Songhai briefly ruled the Hausa city-states, but they soon regained their independence
~all the Hausa city-states had similar forms of government; rulers held great power over their subjects, but ministers and other officials acted to check this power
~the constant fighting among city-states prevented any one of them from building a Hausa empire
~all of the people spoke a common language
~Yoruba kings served as the most important religious and political leaders in their kingdoms
~all Yoruba chiefs traced their descent from the first ruler of Ife
~Ife and Oyo were the two largest Yoruba kingdoms.
~Ife, developed by 1100, was the most powerful Yoruba kingdom until the late 1600s, when Oyo became the most prosperous
~to the south and west of Ife, near the delta of the Niger River is this kingdom
~the people of Benin made their homes in the forest
~the first kings of Benin date form the 1200s
~the oba, or ruler, of Benin based his right to rule on claims of descent from the fist king of Ife
~in the 1400s, the oba named E