n Rushd that he asked him to re-translate and provide commentary on the writings of the Greek philosopher Aristotle.
Between the years 1169 and 1195, Averroes composed many summaries and commentaries on Aristotle’s works. The commentaries went from the Muslim world to the Jewish and Christian worlds thanks to their translation from Arabic into Hebrew and then into Latin.
The interest in Greek philosophy that ibn Rushd sparked in the Middle Ages laid the groundwork for the Renaissance several centuries later.
“Fasl al-Maqal” (The Decisive Treatise), “Kashf al-Manahij” (Exposition of the Methods of Proof) and “Tahafut al-Tafut” (The Incoherence of the Incoherence) were all books he wrote between 1179-1180.
Averroes is said to have died from natural causes in 1198. He was 72 years. Averroism, his school of philosophy, influenced many scholars that followed after him, including Al-Bitruji, Maimonides, Boethius of Dacia, Samuel ibn Tibbon, Thomas Aquinas, Gaetano da Thiene, John of Jandun, and Pietro Pomponazzi.
Fatima bint Muhammad al-Fihri al-Quraysh made some major strides during the Islamic Golden Age. This Arab woman was praised for her unquenchable thirst for knowledge, allowing her to leave an indelible mark in the history books.
Fatima was able to put her father’s and husband’s fortune to good use after they passed away. In the wake of her loss, Fatima channeled her energy into a project that would help future generations. She did this in hopes of repaying the kindness shown to their family by the citizens of Fez in Morocco after they arrived from the Tunisian city of Kairouan. Later, in 859 C.E., Fatima established al-Qarawiyyin University.
For several centuries, the Al-Qarawiyyin University was the largest institution of its kind in Africa. Scholars and students from all around the world flocked to this institution to bask in its rich knowledge pool. According to tradition, Al-Qarawiyyin was the alma mater of numerous illustrious Muslim thinkers, including the judge Abu Bakr Ibn Al-‘Arabi, Abu Walid Ibn Rushd, Ibn Khaldun, and Gerbert of Aurillac. The later went on to become Pope Sylvester II.
Did you know?
According to UNESCO and some other organizations, the educational institution that al-Fihri founded around 800 is the oldest ancient university in the world that is still operating. To put into perspective, the Sankore Mosque in Timbuktu, Mali, was established in 989.
‘Ali ibn al-‘Abbas al-Majusi (Haly Abbas)
Known in the West as Haly Abbas, Ali-Ibn-e-Abbas-Al-Majusi was a 10th-century Iranian physician, surgeon, and psychologist. A scholar of high repute, Haly Abbas is credited with laying some of the important building blocks of Islamic medicine. His works were seen in similar light as the one produced by the likes of al-Tabari, Razi (Abu Bakr al-Razi), and Avicenna. The latter took a great deal of inspiration from Haly Abbas, especially when it came to diagnosing and treating jaundice and other liver disease.
Haly Abbas is credited with writing “Kamilu Sina’at” or “al-Kitab al-Maliki ” (The Royal Book), a 20-treatise book which was widely circulated and used in many European universities until the 18th century. One important feature of the book is the section which provides description of the techniques used in handling cysts, tumors and aneurism, among others.
Al-Ma-jusi was a key figure in the promotion and discussion of neuroscience, psychology, internal medicine, and basic medical sciences. His primary focus was usually on theories of medicine and the practice of medicine.
Other interesting Facts about ‘Ali ibn al-‘Abbas al-Majusi
- ‘Ali ibn al-‘Abbas al-Majusi is generally considered one of the most eminent scholars of the Buyid dynasty, a Shia Iranian dynasty of Daylamite origin which ruled parts of southern and central Iran and Iraq from the mid 10th century to the mid 11th century. Other notable scholars of the dynasty include Ibn al-Haytham (aka Alhazen) and Abu Ali al-Farisi.
- The physician was born to a wealthy Persian Family and later became Emir ‘Adud al-Daula Fana Khusraw’s personal physician fr