verty, poor healthcare and education. low wages- mainly farmers. pull factors; chance of a regular wage, reliable supply of water, education is more accessible, better access to healthcare, entertainment 'bright lights'. impact on communities left behind; population structure alters, older people are left behind, food insecurity as there less young people for cultivation, band becomes infertile, weakening of local culture and language. what has been done? ; local authorities provide residents with materials to construct permanent accommodation. saved money can be spent on amenities such as electricity and water. developed infrastructure, improved sanitation.
problems; unemployment issues, shortage of housing, poor sanitation, poor building materials, and uncontrollable impacts of natural increase, overcrowding, increase in crime rate, unplanned growth of favelas, increased pressure on roads and infrastructure, unstable hillsides, increased chances of contracting diseases.
improving quality of life, The Chingapura Project; Sao Paulo; self help schemes, can hlp improve local skills, create a community, people encouraged to build their own homes, local authorities provide bulding materials, money saved can be used on basic amenties.
urban improvement scheme
problems in the docklands; few jobs, docks had closed, buildings and homes fell into a poor state of repair, area became run down.
What happened in 1981? The LDDC ( london docklands development corporation) was set up. its main aims were to attract new industry, encourage investments, establish new communities, and to createjobs.
what was done? transport improved, light railway created, new homes were built, new industry was attracted, employment increased, refurbished existing buildings.
Advantages; Employment increased, population increased within that area, new healthcare and education provision, land reclaimed, conservation areas created.
Disadvantages; new housing unaffordable for existing residents, only specialist jobs available, communities are broken up, shortage of low cost housing, most money was spent on buildings and offices instead of more on education and healthcare.
Short Term effects; shortage of food and water, people died due to malnourishment,required food and medical aid from other countries, mass migration.
Long Term Effects; 1 million people malnourished, regular aid from MEDC's improved agricultural output, desertification increased.
Impacts of Desertification; food supply cannot keep up with the demand of the growing population, wood used as firewood and building materials leads to soil erosion,loss of vegetation as animals grazing- also leads to soil erosion, money is spent on weapons instead of developing agriculture, ground cannot soak up the rain due to misuse of the land.
Short term Effects; hosepipes were banned, buildings were damaged as their foundations moved, stunted grass growth lef to shortage of cattle feed, forested areas were tinder dry led to forest fires and large areas being destroyed
Long Term Effects; legislation was introduced to try and reduce water consumption. plans to increase water storage and link reservoirs.
sustainability; Method 1; reduce demand - installation of water meters, develop water efficient products, education of consumers
Method 2; increase supply- water transfer schemes, more reservoirs can be built, international water transfer schemes developed, desalination plants can be built.
About Uk weather - prevailing SW winds, cool summers, frequent depressions in the winter.
Summer Tourism; Attracts many tourists as cliamate is sunnier and warmer. winter tourism; scotland is cold and wet but is the only place that can support skiing. Crop Farming; Conditions for growing wheat and barley exist in the south and east of england. Hill sheep farming; scotland, wet and cold - farm sheep that can handle those conditions. Water Supply; Water held in reservoirs and transferred to the areas that require it. flooding; early warning systems and flood prevention schemes are used to reduce the threat, shopping; cold and wet,