olvement with divination and conjuring, religious dancing, the worship of ancestral spirits, and the propitiation of potentially malevolent beings almost certainly have African antecedents.
World Christian Encyclopedia: A Comparative Study of Churches and Religions in the Modern World, ad 1900 —2000. In these respects Convince, like Kumina, shows greater African influence than do the Revival Zion, Pocomania, and Rastafarian cults in Jamaica. The marassa, spirits of dead twins, are believed to be the twin saints Cosmas and Damian Price-Mars, 1928; Herskovits, 1937a. The relationship between vodou adherents and the lwa is thought to be a contractual one; if one is punctilious about offerings and ceremonies, the lwa will be generous with their aid. Most Kromanti Dance ceremonies require the sacrifice of an animal to the pakit ancestral spirit of the fete-man ritual specialist.
Los bailes y el teatro de los negros en el folklore de Cuba. Popular interest in separatist churches, as well as in regular missions, was stimulated by the Great Revival which swept over the island in 1861 —1862, but the enthusiasm dwindled within a short time. Each Shango cult center holds an annual ceremony in honor of the orisha known to its worshipers. The Ras Tafari Movement in Kingston, Jamaica. Rent and wage disputes between planters and workers were common after the abolition of apprenticeship in 1838.
Ogou Ferraille is equated with Saint James; while Ogou Balanjo, the healer, is associated with , who is pictured holding a child whom he blesses with an upraised hand. Adherents of Revival Zion and the related sects of Revival and Pocomania do not identify old African gods with Christian saints as do participants in vodou Haiti , Santer ía Cuba , and Shango Brazil, Trinidad, Grenada. Ancestral Cults The second type of hybrid religious cult in the Caribbean, called the ancestral cult, has fewer African and more European components than does the neo-African-type religion. Rigaud, 1953; M étraux, 1959. In Shango, as in vodou and Santer ía, participants can recognize the major spirits who are well known throughout the country, or the principal spirits known in a given locality, by the stylized behavior of devotees possessed by them Bourguignon, 1980. It is thought that the lwa like blood and that animal sacrifices are the means by which favors may be obtained.
Specifically, in 1492, , an African-Spanish seafarer, was recorded as piloting one of Columbus' ships. Rastafarian culture has spread to other parts of the Caribbean, and Rastafarian art, poetry, music, and philosophy are well known in London, Paris, and other cities in and the United States. Prominent among the nature spirits are Dambala, the serpent spirit identified with the rainbow and associated with floods; Bade, spirit of the winds; Sogbo, a Fon spirit of thunder; Shango Yor. The lucumis Afro-Cubans of Yoruba extraction honor each of the gods with choral dances and pantomime in accordance with authentic Yoruba tradition see Ortiz, 1951, for a detailed and vivid account of lucumi dances; and Simpson, 1978. Each bongo man holds a sacrificial ceremony annually and conducts Convince rites as the need for them arises.
They see no inconsistency between their Christian faith and non-Christian beliefs. The possesses followers during revivalist ceremonies, as do the spirits of figures such as Jeremiah, Isaiah, Joshua, Moses, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego; apostles and evangelists such as Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Peter, and James; the archangels Michael, Gabriel and Raphael; Satan and his chief assistant, Rutibel; beings from Hebrew magical tradition, such as Uriel, Ariel, Seraph, Nathaniel, and Tharsis; Constantine, Melshezdek, and the Royal Angel; and the dead, especially prominent revivalist leaders of the past Moore and Simpson, 1957; Simpson, 1978. You can complete the definition of afro-caribbean given by the English Definition dictionary with other English dictionaries: Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, Chambers Harrap, Wordreference, Collins Lexibase dictionaries, Merriam Webst