s, 1997.
- J.N Hillgarth, ed. "Christianity and Paganism 350-750,:The Conversion of Western Europe", rev. ed., University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986.
- R. Kirsch, "God Against the Gods," p. 278, Viking Compass, 1997.
- H.A.Drake, Lambs into Lions, p. 8
- H.A.Drake, Lambs into Lions, p. 5
- H.A.Drake, Lambs into Lions, p. 7: Drake refers to Gibbons, Decline and Fall, Chapter XVI, Part 2; online text from Project Gutenberg
- Garnsey 1984: 24
- quoted after Garnsey 1984: 25
- Garnsey 1984: 25
- John Coffey (2000), Persecution and Toleration in Protestant England 1558-1689, Studies in Modern History, Pearson Education, p. 31; O. O'Donovan (1996), The Desire of the Nations: Rediscovering the Roots of Political Theology, esp. ch. 6.
- Ramsay MacMullen, "Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries," Chap 1:16, "Persecution," ISBN 0-300-07148-5
- Thomas J. Shahan & E. Macpherson, "Charlemagne," The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume III. Published 1908 
- John Coffey (2000), Persecution and Toleration in Protestant England 1558-1689, Studies in Modern History, Pearson Education, p. 49
- "POPE JOHN PAUL II ASKS FOR FORGIVENESS". March 12, 2000. Archived from the original on 2008-10-23. Retrieved 16 April 2007.