Let's say that I am an email provider like Gmail. Let's assume that I have two categories of email-address: spammers and non-spammers. When my servers receive a mail I need to quickly check if that email-ID is in the spammers set and if yes I take some action.The problem is that each email-Id could be several bytes ( say 10 bytes each) and I might have 1 billion spammers so I need 10GB of RAM to just store the emails in main memory. Let's say I want to use only 1 GB RAM. To do this I'm now ready to accept an approximate answer. In particular I'm ok with a non-spam email mistakenly flagged as belonging to the spam  set but not vice versa. How will I do it?
Fast checking of set membership on large data
untagged