If my machine (OSX 10.9.2) is not connected to the Internet and I want to establish pptp connection by using pppd:$ sudo /usr/sbin/pppd serviceid 5BE14D3A-7B94-4704-ADE0-9883B189199E debug logfile /tmp/ppp.log plugin /System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp plugin pptp.ppp remoteaddress 11.22.33.44 redialcount 1 redialtimer 5 idle 1800 mru 1500 mtu 1448 receive-all novj 0:0 noipdefault ipcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote user bbbbbb password cccccc hide-password noaskpassword looplocal defaultroute usepeerdns mppe-128 nodetach logfd 1pppd outputs:Thu Mar 27 15:09:30 2014 : publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success!Thu Mar 27 15:09:30 2014 : publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success!and terminates with exit code 25:$ echo $?25Why pppd returns with exit code which is not documented? Expected exit codes are in the range [0, 19]. Where does this exit code come from? Does this exit code have description? Are there any other hidden exit codes for pppd?If I connect to the Internet and run the same command, pptp connection gets established.Last couple of lines of dtruss output are:$ /usr/bin/sudo dtruss /usr/sbin/pppd serviceid 5BE14D3A-7B94-4704-ADE0-9883B189199E debug logfile /tmp/ppp.log plugin /System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp plugin pptp.ppp remoteaddress 11.22.33.44 redialcount 1 redialtimer 5 idle 1800 mru 1500 mtu 1448 receive-all novj 0:0 noipdefault ipcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote user bbbbbbb password cccccccc hide-password noaskpassword looplocal defaultroute usepeerdns mppe-128 nodetach logfd 1Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success!Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success!Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : PPTP connecting to server '11.22.33.44' (77.75.123.187)...Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : PPTP connect errno = 49 Can't assign requested addressSYSCALL(args)        = returnclose(0x3)       = 0 0getuid(0x0, 0x1103, 0x7FFF772B14E0)      = 0 0getgid(0x0, 0x1103, 0x0)         = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEA8D00A80, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0seteuid(0x0, 0x0, 0x0)       = 0 0open_nocancel(/var/root/.ppprc\0, 0x0, 0x1B6)      = -1 Err#2seteuid(0x0, 0x7FFF76AB4430, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)         = 0 0open(/tmp/ppp.log\0, 0xA09, 0x1A4)         = -1 Err#17open(/tmp/ppp.log\0, 0x9, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)      = 3 0open_nocancel(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp\0, 0x1100004, 0x7FDEA8D00D70)       = 4 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54902F38, 0x2, 0x7FFF76AB4180)        = 0 0fstatfs64(0x4, 0x7FFF54902F88, 0x0)      = 0 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 88 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 0 0close_nocancel(0x4)      = 0 0open_nocancel(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents\0, 0x1100004, 0x7FDEA8D01173)      = 4 0fstatfs64(0x4, 0x7FFF54902F58, 0x0)      = 0 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 240 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 0 0close_nocancel(0x4)      = 0 0open(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents/Info.plist\0, 0x0, 0x1B6)       = 4 0fstat64(0x4, 0x7FFF54903218, 0x0)        = 0 0read(0x4, <?xml version=\1.0\ encoding=\UTF-8\?>\n<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC \-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN\ \http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd\>\n<plist version=\1.0\>\n<dict>\n\t<key>BuildMachineOSBuild</key>\n\t<string>13C40z</string>\n\t<key>CFBundleDevelopmentReg, 0x4F1)      = 1265 0close(0x4)       = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPPDialogs\0, 0x7FFF54903C08, 0x7FFF54904156)   = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libesp.dylib\0, 0x7FFF549031C8, 0x7FFF54904070)        = -1 Err#2stat64(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPPDialogs\0, 0x7FFF54902E88, 0x7FFF54903D30)   = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPPDialogs\0, 0x7FFF54903B18, 0xF9A90)      = 0 0open(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPPDialogs\0, 0x0, 0x1FF)         = 4 0read(0x4, \317\372\355\376\a\0, 0x200)         = 512 0close(0x4)       = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPPDialogs\0, 0x7FFF54902E68, 0x7FFF54903D10)   = 0 0open(/System/Library/SystemConfiguration/PPPController.bundle/Contents/PlugIns/PPPDialogs.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPPDialogs\0, 0x0, 0x0)       = 4 0pread(0x4, \317\372\355\376\a\0, 0x1000, 0x0)      = 4096 0fcntl(0x4, 0x3D, 0x7FFF54901190)         = 0 0mmap(0x10B38C000, 0x2000, 0x5, 0x12, 0x4, 0x0)       = 0x10B38C000 0mmap(0x10B38E000, 0x1000, 0x3, 0x12, 0x4, 0x2000)        = 0x10B38E000 0mmap(0x10B38F000, 0x26F0, 0x1, 0x12, 0x4, 0x3000)        = 0x10B38F000 0close(0x4)       = 0 0open_nocancel(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp\0, 0x1100004, 0x7FDEA8D02370)        = 4 0fstatfs64(0x4, 0x7FFF54902F88, 0x0)      = 0 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 88 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 0 0close_nocancel(0x4)      = 0 0open_nocancel(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents\0, 0x1100004, 0x7FDEA8D02573)       = 4 0fstatfs64(0x4, 0x7FFF54902F58, 0x0)      = 0 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 232 0getdirentries64(0x4, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 0 0close_nocancel(0x4)      = 0 0open(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents/Info.plist\0, 0x0, 0x1B6)    = 4 0fstat64(0x4, 0x7FFF54903218, 0x0)        = 0 0geteuid(0x100000001103, 0x110000001100, 0x10B356308)         = 0 0setsid(0x50000000603, 0x60000000600, 0x7FFF772B15A8)         = 3077 0socket(0x22, 0x3, 0x1)       = 3 0connect(0x3, 0x7FFF549046B0, 0x8)        = 0 0fcntl(0x3, 0x3, 0x0)         = 2 0fcntl(0x3, 0x4, 0x6)         = 0 0socket(0x2, 0x2, 0x0)        = 4 0open_nocancel(/usr/sbin\0, 0x1100004, 0x7FFF922AEB6E)      = 5 0fstatfs64(0x5, 0x7FFF549031B8, 0x0)      = 0 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 4080 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 4072 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 648 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 0 0close_nocancel(0x5)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/sbin/Contents\0, 0x7FFF549039D8, 0x7FFF54903ABF)       = -1 Err#2stat64(/usr/sbin/Resources\0, 0x7FFF549039D8, 0x7FFF54903ABF)      = -1 Err#2stat64(/usr/sbin/Support Files\0, 0x7FFF549039D8, 0x7FFF54903ABF)      = -1 Err#2stat64(/usr/sbin\0, 0x7FFF54903F58, 0x7FFF5490406B)        = 0 0open_nocancel(/usr/sbin\0, 0x1100004, 0x7FFF922AEB6E)      = 5 0fstatfs64(0x5, 0x7FFF54903188, 0x0)      = 0 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 4080 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 4072 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 648 0getdirentries64(0x5, 0x7FDEAA000600, 0x1000)         = 0 0close_nocancel(0x5)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/sbin/pppd\0, 0x7FFF54903DC8, 0x7FFF54903E7E)       = 0 0open(/usr/sbin/pppd\0, 0x0, 0x1FF)         = 5 0read(0x5, \317\372\355\376\a\0, 0x200)         = 512 0close(0x5)       = 0 0geteuid(0x7FDEA8D00030, 0x7FFF76F80258, 0x49656E69)      = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x7FFF549043A8, 0x1)       = 1 0open(/dev/null\0, 0x2, 0x0)        = 6 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54903AC0, 0x2, 0x7FFF54903AD0)        = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEAA001743, 0x7FFF54903D60, 0x0)      = 0 0getgid(0x7FDEAA001748, 0x7FFF54903D60, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x1, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x2, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0xF, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x14, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0x12, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0x13, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0x1E, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0x1F, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0x6, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0xE, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x8, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x4, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0xD, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x3, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0xB, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0xA, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x7, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x1B, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0xC, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x5, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)      = 0 0sigaction(0x1A, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0x18, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0sigaction(0x19, 0x7FFF54904758, 0x0)         = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Frameworks/Security.framework/Security\0, 0x7FFF549040D0, 0x7FFF8E1A1463)       = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Frameworks/Security.framework/Security\0, 0x7FFF54903188, 0x7FFF54904030)       = 0 0csops(0xC05, 0x7, 0x7FFF54904510)        = 0 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x0, 0x0)      = 1 0kevent64(0x5, 0x10B3AC3C8, 0x1)      = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x0, 0x0)      = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x7FFF75519130, 0x1)       = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x10BC80D88, 0x1)      = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54903A90, 0x2, 0x7FFF54903AA0)        = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEAA00170E, 0x7FFF54903D30, 0x0)      = 0 0getgid(0x7FDEAA001713, 0x7FFF54903D30, 0x0)      = 0 0csops(0x0, 0x0, 0x7FFF54903F04)      = 0 0issetugid(0x0, 0x0, 0x0)         = 0 0pread(0x3, \312\376\272\276\0, 0x1000, 0x0)        = 4096 0pread(0x3, \317\372\355\376\a\0, 0x1000, 0x1000)       = 4096 0fcntl(0x3, 0x3D, 0x7FFF54901350)         = 0 0mmap(0x10B357000, 0x2000, 0x5, 0x12, 0x3, 0x1000)        = 0x10B357000 0mmap(0x10B359000, 0x1000, 0x3, 0x12, 0x3, 0x3000)        = 0x10B359000 0mmap(0x10B35A000, 0x2050, 0x1, 0x12, 0x3, 0x4000)        = 0x10B35A000 0close(0x3)       = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libbsm.0.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902D98, 0x7FFF54903C30)      = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Frameworks/SystemConfiguration.framework/Versions/A/SystemConfiguration\0, 0x7FFF54902D98, 0x7FFF54903C30)      = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation\0, 0x7FFF54902D98, 0x7FFF54903C30)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902D98, 0x7FFF54903C30)       = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Frameworks/IOKit.framework/Versions/A/IOKit\0, 0x7FFF54902D98, 0x7FFF54903C30)      = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Frameworks/Security.framework/Versions/A/Security\0, 0x7FFF54902D98, 0x7FFF54903C30)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libcache.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)   = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libcommonCrypto.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libcompiler_rt.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0 = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libcopyfile.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)    = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libcorecrypto.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0) = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libdispatch.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)    = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libdyld.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)    = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libkeymgr.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)  = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/liblaunch.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)  = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libmacho.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)   = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libquarantine.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0) = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libremovefile.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0) = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_asl.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0) = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_blocks.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)       = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_c.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)    = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_configuration.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_dnssd.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_info.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0 = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_kernel.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)       = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_m.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)    = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_malloc.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)       = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_network.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_notify.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)       = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_platform.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)         = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_pthread.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_sandbox.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libsystem_stats.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libunc.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)     = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libunwind.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)  = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libxpc.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902908, 0x7FFF549037A0)     = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libobjc.A.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54901B48, 0x7FFF549029E0)         = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libauto.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54901B48, 0x7FFF549029E0)       = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libc++abi.dylib\0, 0x7FFF549015F8, 0x7FFF54902490)         = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib\0, 0x7FFF549015F8, 0x7FFF54902490)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libDiagnosticMessagesClient.dylib\0, 0x7FFF549014D8, 0x7FFF54902370)       = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libicucore.A.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902B18, 0x7FFF549039B0)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902B18, 0x7FFF549039B0)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/system/libkxld.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902C48, 0x7FFF54903AE0)    = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libxar.1.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902BA8, 0x7FFF54903A40)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libsqlite3.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902BA8, 0x7FFF54903A40)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libpam.2.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902BA8, 0x7FFF54903A40)      = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libOpenScriptingUtil.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902BA8, 0x7FFF54903A40) = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libbz2.1.0.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902A78, 0x7FFF54903910)        = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/libxml2.2.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902A78, 0x7FFF54903910)         = 0 0getpid(0x7FFF54903CF8, 0x10B352004, 0xEA60)      = 3077 0shm_open(0x7FFF92E96CE4, 0x0, 0x0)       = 3 0mmap(0x0, 0x1000, 0x1, 0x1, 0x3, 0x0)        = 0x10B38B000 0close_nocancel(0x3)      = 0 0geteuid(0x20000000303, 0x30000000300, 0x10B356308)       = 0 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54904640, 0x2, 0x7FFF54904650)        = 0 0umask(0x1FF, 0x0, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFE0)        = 18 0umask(0x12, 0x0, 0x0)        = 511 0getuid(0x12, 0x0, 0x0)       = 0 0getgroups(0x10, 0x10B33EE20, 0x0)        = 13 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54904738, 0x2, 0x7FFF5490472C)        = 0 0getrlimit(0x1008, 0x7FFF54903DA0, 0x7FFF8BF3CE7C)        = 0 0open_nocancel(/etc/ppp/options\0, 0x0, 0x1B6)      = -1 Err#2getuid(0x4, 0x7FFF76AB4430, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)      = 0 0read(0x4, \317\372\355\376\a\0, 0x200)         = 512 0open_nocancel(/etc/ppp/postoptions\0, 0x0, 0x1B6)      = -1 Err#2geteuid(0x20000000303, 0x30000000300, 0x7FFF772B15A8)        = 0 0socket(0x22, 0x3, 0x1)       = 4 0close(0x4)       = 0 0close(0x3)       = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEA8E000C0, 0x0, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF01)      = 0 0getgid(0x7FDEA8E000C0, 0x0, 0x0)         = 0 0write(0x1, Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : \0, 0x1B)        = 27 0write(0x1, publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success!\0, 0x27)        = 39 0write(0x1, \n\0, 0x1)      = 1 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54902800, 0x2, 0x7FFF54902810)        = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEA9802330, 0x7FFF54902AA0, 0x0)      = 0 0getgid(0x7FDEA9802335, 0x7FFF54902AA0, 0x0)      = 0 0write(0x1, Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : \0, 0x1B)        = 27 0write(0x1, publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success!\0, 0x27)        = 39 0write(0x1, \n\0, 0x1)      = 1 0guarded_kqueue_np(0x7FFF54903E98, 0x3, 0x7FFF86283A77)       = 5 0kevent64(0x5, 0x7FFF86296C48, 0x1)       = 0 0workq_kernreturn(0x10, 0x0, 0x58)        = 0 0workq_open(0x10, 0x0, 0x0)       = 0 0bsdthread_create(0x7FFF86283E77, 0x7FFF75518940, 0x10000)        = 188403712 0kevent64(0x5, 0x7FFF54903F18, 0x1)       = 1 0kevent64(0x5, 0x10BC80D88, 0x1)      = 1 0kevent64(0x5, 0x0, 0x0)      = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0thread_selfid(0x0, 0x1DC0, 0x7FFF65505550)       = 88904 0shared_region_check_np(0x7FFF54901E38, 0x10B2FB000, 0x4)         = 0 0stat64(/usr/lib/dtrace/libdtrace_dyld.dylib\0, 0x7FFF54902FE8, 0x7FFF54903F20 = 0 0open(/usr/lib/dtrace/libdtrace_dyld.dylib\0, 0x0, 0x0)         = 3 0ioctl(0x3, 0x80086804, 0x7FFF54903D78)       = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x7FFF75519130, 0x1)       = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0thread_selfid(0x10BD04000, 0x7FFF77A55258, 0x1010101)        = 88912 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0open(/dev/dtracehelper\0, 0x2, 0x7FFF54903DF0)         = 3 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54903648, 0x2, 0x7FFF54903658)        = 0 0thread_selfid(0x7FFF77A55310, 0x7FFF77A55258, 0x10101)       = 88904 0bsdthread_register(0x7FFF92F30FBC, 0x7FFF92F30FAC, 0x2000)       = 0 0mprotect(0x10B353000, 0x88, 0x1)         = 0 0mprotect(0x10B35D000, 0x1000, 0x0)       = 0 0mprotect(0x10B373000, 0x1000, 0x0)       = 0 0mprotect(0x10B374000, 0x1000, 0x0)       = 0 0mprotect(0x10B38A000, 0x1000, 0x0)       = 0 0mprotect(0x10B355000, 0x1000, 0x1)       = 0 0mprotect(0x10B353000, 0x88, 0x3)         = 0 0mprotect(0x10B353000, 0x88, 0x1)         = 0 0issetugid(0x7FFF75518480, 0x7FFFFFE00034, 0x7FFFFFE00036)        = 0 0getpid(0x1, 0x10B356000, 0x49656E69)         = 3077 0__mac_syscall(0x7FFF853DCE3F, 0x2, 0x7FFF549034C8)       = 0 0stat64(/AppleInternal\0, 0x7FFF54903548, 0x0)      = -1 Err#2audit_session_self(0x7FFF54903400, 0x7FFF54903238, 0x4)      = 4099 0geteuid(0x7FFF54903400, 0x7FFF54903238, 0x0)         = 0 0getegid(0x7FFF54903400, 0x7FFF54903238, 0x0)         = 0 0getaudit_addr(0x7FFF549034D8, 0x30, 0x0)         = 0 0csops(0xC05, 0x7, 0x7FFF549030C0)        = 0 0getuid(0x7FFF5490371C, 0x7FFF54903718, 0x7FFF54904960)       = 0 0geteuid(0x103, 0x10000000100, 0x7FFF778F8198)        = 0 0getuid(0x103, 0x10000000100, 0x0)        = 0 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54902BC0, 0x4, 0x7FFF54902BD8)        = 0 0issetugid(0x7FFF778D3DC0, 0x0, 0x7FDEA8C062C8)       = 0 0getuid(0x7FFF54902EE4, 0x0, 0x7FFF54904960)      = 0 0issetugid(0x7FFF8808BA90, 0x7FFF549045F4, 0x7FFF54904960)        = 0 0issetugid(0x7FFF758FA678, 0x0, 0x0)      = 0 0read(0x4, <?xml version=\1.0\ encoding=\UTF-8\?>\n<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC \-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN\ \http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd\>\n<plist version=\1.0\>\n<dict>\n\t<key>BuildMachineOSBuild</key>\n\t<string>13C40z</string>\n\t<key>CFBundleDevelopmentReg, 0x4E5)      = 1253 0close(0x4)       = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPTP\0, 0x7FFF54903C08, 0x7FFF54904156)      = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPTP\0, 0x7FFF54902E88, 0x7FFF54903D30)      = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPTP\0, 0x7FFF54903B18, 0xF4290)         = 0 0open(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPTP\0, 0x0, 0x1FF)    = 4 0close(0x4)       = 0 0stat64(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPTP\0, 0x7FFF54902E68, 0x7FFF54903D10)      = 0 0open(/System/Library/Extensions/pptp.ppp/Contents/MacOS/PPTP\0, 0x0, 0x0)  = 4 0pread(0x4, \317\372\355\376\a\0, 0x1000, 0x0)      = 4096 0fcntl(0x4, 0x3D, 0x7FFF54901170)         = 0 0mmap(0x10B392000, 0x5000, 0x5, 0x12, 0x4, 0x0)       = 0x10B392000 0mmap(0x10B397000, 0x1000, 0x3, 0x12, 0x4, 0x5000)        = 0x10B397000 0mmap(0x10B398000, 0x3B00, 0x1, 0x12, 0x4, 0x6000)        = 0x10B398000 0close(0x4)       = 0 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54902800, 0x2, 0x7FFF54902810)        = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEA9001D30, 0x7FFF54902AA0, 0x0)      = 0 0getgid(0x7FDEA9001D35, 0x7FFF54902AA0, 0x0)      = 0 0access(/etc/localtime\0, 0x4, 0x7)         = 0 0open_nocancel(/etc/localtime\0, 0x0, 0x0)      = 5 0fstat64(0x5, 0x7FFF54902B30, 0x0)        = 0 0read_nocancel(0x5, TZif\0, 0x2A64)         = 1323 0close_nocancel(0x5)      = 0 0thread_selfid(0x10B3AD000, 0x7FFF77A55258, 0x1010101)        = 88910 0__pthread_sigmask(0x1, 0x10B3ACECC, 0x0)         = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x10B3AC458, 0x1)      = 1 0madvise(0x10B401000, 0x1000, 0x5)        = 0 0madvise(0x10B601000, 0x1000, 0x5)        = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x10B3AC4F8, 0x1)      = 1 0kevent64(0x5, 0x0, 0x0)      = 1 0madvise(0x10B801000, 0x1000, 0x5)        = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x10B3AC4F8, 0x1)      = 1 0thread_selfid(0x10BC81000, 0x7FFF77A55258, 0x1010101)        = 88911 0kevent64(0x5, 0x10BC80D28, 0x1)      = 1 0kevent64(0x5, 0x7FFF75519130, 0x1)       = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x0, 0x0)      = 1 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0socket(0x20, 0x3, 0x1)       = 7 0ioctl(0x7, 0x800C6502, 0x7FFF549042D0)       = 0 0__sysctl(0x7FFF54902460, 0x2, 0x7FFF54902470)        = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEA9001D45, 0x7FFF54902700, 0x0)      = 0 0getgid(0x7FDEA9001D4A, 0x7FFF54902700, 0x0)      = 0 0write(0x1, Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : \0, 0x1B)        = 27 0write(0x1, PPTP connecting to server '11.22.33.44' (11.22.33.44)...\0, 0x3C)       = 60 0write(0x1, \n\0, 0x1)      = 1 0socket(0x2, 0x1, 0x0)        = 8 0setsockopt(0x8, 0x6, 0x20)       = 0 0connect(0x8, 0x7FFF549042E0, 0x10)       = -1 Err#49__sysctl(0x7FFF54902460, 0x2, 0x7FFF54902470)        = 0 0getuid(0x7FDEA9001D3F, 0x7FFF54902700, 0x0)      = 0 0getgid(0x7FDEA9001D44, 0x7FFF54902700, 0x0)      = 0 0write(0x1, Fri Mar 28 10:31:10 2014 : \0, 0x1B)        = 27 0write(0x1, PPTP connect errno = 49 Can't assign requested address\0, 0x36)     = 54 0write(0x1, \n\0, 0x1)      = 1 0close(0x7)       = 0 0close(0x8)       = 0 0workq_kernreturn(0x20, 0x0, 0x1)         = 0 0kevent64(0x5, 0x7FFF75519130, 0x1)       = -1 Err#425 in hexadecimal is 0x19 but this number does not appear anywhere. 
Undocumented pppd exit code
linux;osx;vpn;pptp
In the OSX 1.9 pppd source code, I found this in Helpers/pppd/pppd.h:#ifdef __APPLE__#define EXIT_TERMINAL_FAILED    20#define EXIT_DEVICE_ERROR   21#endif#ifdef MAXOCTETS#ifdef __APPLE__#define EXIT_TRAFFIC_LIMIT  22#else#define EXIT_TRAFFIC_LIMIT  20#define EXIT_CNID_AUTH_FAILED   21#endif#endif#ifdef __APPLE__#define EXIT_PEER_NOT_AUTHORIZED    23#define EXIT_CNID_AUTH_FAILED   24#define EXIT_PEER_UNREACHABLE 25#endifSo Apple has some exit codes of its own, and yours is defined as EXIT_PEER_UNREACHABLE.  Without going into too much detail, it looks like this exit code is only used if a plugin fails (at Helpers/pppd/main.c line 638).