Currently I can only login to my remote linux via the ubuntu user account, without a password (via SSH authentication). I have another user configured on the machine, and if I try to login with its username + password I getDisconnected: No supported  authentication methods availableHow do I configure this user to accept user/pass authentication?
How to enable remote login?
ssh;login;authentication
I suspect that your sshd is configured to allow access via public key authentication and to disallow access via password.There are a couple of thiongs that you can do. The better option is to generate a key-pair for the new account and to copy the public key to your remote host ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file. You can use ssh-keygen or puttygen etc to generate the keys.Alternatively you can enable sshd password authentication. Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and ensure that the PasswordAuthentication directive is set to yesPasswordAuthentication  yesSave the file and restart sshd and you should then be able to use passwords. 