The question is simple, is there general purpose GPU support in the Linux kernel? Let me explain in more details since it's too broad of a topic. By the word capable I mean native support. That crosses out OpenGL AND OpenCL as those are just APIs to help code applications in user mode.Some common misconceptions are that since super computers use GPGPUs and run Linux, then  Linux use them. Well, not quite. The Linux distributions running on super computers are often times not the same as the ordinary distributions we know. They are so far modified that they're not Linux but a whole new operating system.Another famous answer might be the poor support of GPUs. Well, lets not go there and eliminate all other factors be it bottleneck or something else like architecture.Lets reword the question as follows:Does the mainline Linux kernel natively utilize stream processing via general purpose registers of a GPU? And if it is, to what extent?
Is mainline Linux kernel capable of GPGPU programming?
linux kernel;gpu
Just a note, the idea of the kernel having to virtualize and context-switch hundreds of GPU registers is horrifying and the kernel is doing nothing that could benefit from using them itself.  There is code in the kernel to manage sharing GPU resources among processes (more of that code is migrating into the kernel steadily), and the processes that do share the GPU for computing do it via opencl and cuda and the like, but any GPU context switching they do won't be tied to any CPU thread because see above. I strongly suspect the GPU runs entirely independently and reports its results with a bus report of some kind, CPU-facing register readout or interrupt or whatnot.