Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Chinese:
Dao Nian Zi, Shan Zhu (Taiwan)
Common Names in Dutch:
Common Names in English:
Manggis, King´s-Fruit, Mangostan, Mangosteen, Purple Mangosteen
Common Names in French:
Mangostan, Mangostanier, Mangoustan, Mangoustanier
Common Names in German:
Mangostanbaum, Mangostane, Mangostane (Tree), Mangostin (Fruit)
Common Names in Italian:
Garcinia, Mangostana (Fruit), Mangostano (Tree)
Common Names in Japanese:
Mangoosutin, Mangosuchin, Mangosutin
Common Names in Korean:
Mang Ko Seu T´in
Common Names in Laotian:
Kok Mak Mang Kout
Common Names in Malay:
Manggis, Manggis (Indonesia), Mangis, Sementah, Semetah
Common Names in Portuguese:
Common Names in Russian:
Common Names in Spanish:
Mangostán, Mangostán (Tree), Mangostán, Mangustán (Fruit)
Common Names in Tagalog:
Common Names in Tamil:
Common Names in Thai:
Mang Khút (Mangkhut, Mangkut)
Common Names in Vietnamese:
Cay Mang Cut
, usually with yellow latex. Terminal
bud functional; buds usually lacking scales
. Leaves opposite [or rarely whorled
], very rarely stipulate
, entire, leathery to papery
, usually glabrous
; secondary veins usually prominent
to few, oblique
to perpendicular to midvein
; tertiary veins reticulate, with adaxial
brownish transvenous resin canals [or much branched] and abaxial
or much branched] or intervenous
often with basal liguliform appendage
. Plant functionally dioecious (sometimes apparently flowers bisexual
or plant monoecious), flowers in terminal and/or axillary
cymes (often thyrsiform), triads
or fascicles, or paired
or solitary. Sepals [2 or 3 or]4 or 5, decussate or imbricate (quincuncial), free
[or very rarely completely connate
in bud]. Petals [3 or]4 or 5[-8], fascicles each with many to few stamens with filaments
almost free to completely united
, or ± completely connate [or adnate
to petals], with anthers
1, 2, 4 or many-celled, basifixed
or variously united; fasciclodes (sterile
stamen fascicles) 4 or 5, antisepalous
and free or ± united or absent; pistillode
present or absent. Female flowers: staminode fascicles as for staminate flowers
but smaller or staminodes apparently free; fasciclodes free as in male flower but smaller or united in a ring
of ovary or absent; stigmas free or ± united, peltate, 2-5-lobed or entire. Berry smooth
or rarely secondarily dehiscent
], with leathery to thin exocarp
and 1-5 or sometimes more seeds embedded
in endocarpic pulp. Seeds large; hypocotyl massive.
About 450 species: tropical and S Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia, NE Australia, W Polynesia, tropical America; 20 species (13 endemic, one introduced ) in China.
The fruit of most species in this genus are edible, among them, those of Garcinia mangostana are famous. The seeds yield more than 15% oil . The yellow resin of some species is used as a medicine. Species like G. hanburyi J. D. Hooker provide medicinal resin and yellow dyes of the best quality. The timber of many species is used for building houses or making furniture.
Species Garcinia mangostana
Trees small, 12-20 m tall. Branches many, dense, decussate; twigs distinctly angled . Petiole robust , ca. 2 cm, densely and transversely wrinkled when dry; leaf blade shiny, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 14-25 × 5-10 cm, thickly leathery, midvein raised on both surfaces; secondary veins dense, to 40-50 pairs, joining just within leaf margin, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, margin involute , apex shortly acuminate. Plant dioecious. Male flowers rare, 2-9, clustered at apex of branchlet ; pedicels short; stamen fascicles 4, anthers 2-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent ; pistillode conic. Female flowers solitary or paired at apex of branchlet, slightly larger than male ones, 4.5-5 cm in diam.; pedicels ca. 1.2 cm; ovary 5-8-loculed; style nearly absent; stigma 5- or 6-lobed. Mature fruit purple-red, sometimes yellow-brown spotted, globose , 5-8 cm in diam., smooth . Seeds 4 or 5 or more, pulp white, juicy, fleshy . Fl. Sep-Oct, fr. Nov-Dec. 2n = 96. [source]
Size: 15-20' tall.
Cultivated. Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to Indonesia (Maluku); widely cultivated in tropical regions of Africa and Asia].
Culture: Space 20-30' apart.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 11. (map)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Haeckel, 1866
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Brongniart, 1843
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder: Theanae () - Thorne Ex Reveal, 1993
- Subclass: Rosidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Spermatopsida () - Brongniart, 1843
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae () - Auct.
- Subphylum: Euphyllophytina () - (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
Mangostana garcinia Gaertner.
: L. Publication
Pl. 1: 443 1753 [1 May 1753]
Name Status: Accepted Name .
Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Members of the genus Garcinia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 20 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
G. capuronii (Tin Can Bay Whiting) · G. dulcis (Gourka) · G. hanburyi (Hanbury's Garcinia) · G. hessii (Lemon Saptree) · G. hombroniana (Luli) · G. indica (Garcinia) · G. intermedia (Monkey Fruit) · G. kola (Garcinia) · G. lateriflora (Garcinia) · G. livingstonei (African Mangosteen) · G. lowryi (Clanwilliam Redfin) · G. mangostana (Manggis) · G. morella (Ceylon Camboge) · G. multiflora (Garcinia) · G. myrtifolia (Garcinia) · G. portoricensis (Bakupari) · G. prainiana (Button Mangosteen) · G. schomburgkiana (Madan) · G. spicata (Gamboge Tree) · G. xanthochymus (False Mangosteen)
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
- A bibliographic enumeration of Bornean plants, by E. D. Merrill. Singapore, Printed by Fraser & Neave, ltd., 1921 url p. 396, p. 396.
- A description and history of vegetable substances, used in the arts, and in domestic economy LondonC. Knight1829 url p. 402.
- A dictionary of the plant names of the Philippine Islands / by Elmer D. Merrill. Manila: Bureau of Public Print., 1903. url p. 84.
- A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical in two parts; tr. from the original by Mrs. Hooker. .. with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders by J.D. Hooker. London, Longmans, 1876. url p. 270.
- A handbook to the flora of Natal / by J. Medley Wood. Durban, Natal: Bennett & Davis, Printers, 1907. url p. 24.
- A manual of gardening for western and southern India, by R. Riddell. Ed. and rev. by Lieutenant-colonel Boddam. Madras: Higginbotham and co., 1884. url p. 128.
- A naturalist's wanderings in the Eastern Archipelago; a narrative of travel and exploration from 1878 to 1883, New York: Harper & brothers, 1885. url p. 75.
- Agricultural news. Bridgetown, Barbados, Bowen & sons;1902-22. url p. 250, p. 420, p. 420, p. 423.
- An annotated catalogue of types of the University of Illinois mycological collections (ILL) / Urbana: University of Illinois Press, c1997. url p. 198.
- An encyclopaedia of gardening; comprising the theory and practice of horticulture, floriculture, arboriculture, and landscape-gardening, including all the latest improvements; a general history of gardening in all countries; and a By J.C. Loudon. London, Printed for Longman, Ross, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1828. url p. 1191, p. 931.
- An encyclopædia of gardening; comprising the theory and practice of horticulture, floriculture, arboriculture, and landscape-gardening, including all the latest improvements; a general history of gardening in all countries; and a By J.C. Loudon. .. illustrated with many hundred engravings on wood by Branston. London: Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1827. url p. 1191, p. 931.
- An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1922-26. url p. 85.
- An illustrated dictionary of medicine, biology and allied sciences. .. by George M. Gould. 5th ed., with additions and corrections. PhiladelphiaP. Blakiston's Son1907 url p. 507, p. 725.
- An illustrated dictionary of scientific terms. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, pref. 1878. url p. 140, p. 209.
- An outline of plant geography, by Douglas Houghton Campbell. New York, The Macmillan company, 1926. url p. 204, p. 379.
- Annales du Jardin botanique de Buitenzorg. 20 1906 Leiden [etc.]: E. J. Brill [etc.] url p. 44.
- Annals of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya. Colombo: Skien; 1901-1924. url p. 123.
- Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 322, p. 526.
- Archivos. Rio de JaneiroImprensa Nacional url p. 270, p. 295.
- Botanical abstracts. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co. url p. 77.
- Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill. [New York, etc., 1899- url , , p. 396.
- Bulletin / Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station. Tucson: Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arizona, 1890-1960. url p. 630.
- Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1913. url p. 119, p. 144, p. 155, p. 162, p. 219, p. 22, p. 23, p. 23, p. 248, p. 30, p. 314, p. 33, p. 88.
- Bulletin of miscellaneous information / Trinidad. Botanical Department. Trinidad: Botanical Dept., 1899-1908. url p. 210.
- Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 349.
- Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., Govt. Print. Off., 1913-1923. url p. 12, p. 12, p. 12, p. 24, p. 37, p. 37.
- Bulletin. Bureau of Plant Industry. U. S. Department of Agriculture. 1901-13. WashingtonGovt. Print. Off. url p. 144, p. 149, p. 15, p. 162, p. 219, p. 23, p. 239, p. 29, p. 41, p. 42, p. 43, p. 52, p. 64, p. 69, p. 86, p. 88.
- Bulletin. Manila, Bureau of printing, 1903- url p. 112, p. 15, p. 60.
- Burma, its people and productions; or, Notes on the fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu, and Burma. Hertford: S. Austin, 1882-1883. url p. 712.
- Carotenoids, their comparative biochemistry. New York, Chemical Pub. Co., 1954. url p. 332.
- Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 300.
- Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. url p. 300.
- Catalogue of the collections in the museum of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain compiled by E.M. Holmes. London, The Society, 1878. url p. 13.
- Catalogue of the library of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University / compiled under the direction of Charles Sprague Sargent by Ethelyn Maria Tucker. Cambridge: Printed at the Cosmos Press, 1914-1933. url p. 251, p. 427.
- Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine Archipelago, Manila, Bureau of printing, 1910. url p. 31, p. 374, p. 512.
- Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 42.
- Comprehensive index to the Flora of Guatemala / Terua P. Williams. 24 1977 [Chicago]: Field Museum of Natural History, 1977. url p. 106.
- Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 24 1931 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 123, p. 147, p. 267, p. 270, p. 429, p. 431, p. 532, p. 780.
- Cooperative economic insect report. Hyattsville, MD. [etc.]Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Service. url p. 1130, p. 1131.
- Curtis's botanical magazine. 81 1855 London; New York [etc.]: Academic Press [etc.] url .
- Elements of botany: structural, physiological, systematical, and medical / by John Lindley. London: Printed for Taylor and Walton, 1841. url p. 108.
- Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. url p. 337, p. 955.
- Flora Vitiensis nova: a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only) / Albert C. Smith. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1979- url p. 342, p. 347.
- Flora of the Presidency of Madras / by J.S. Gamble. London: West, Newman and Adlard, 1915- url p. 73.
- Food for the tropics, being a short description of native produce suitable for food in tropical countries, by T. M. MacKnight. London, W. Thacker & co.; [etc., etc.]1904. url p. 75.
- Fruits of Queensland. .. by Albert H. Benson. .. Brisbane, A.J. Cumming, government printer, 1914. url p. 45.
- Fruits of the Hawaiian Islands, Honolulu, The Hawaiian gazette co., ltd., 1911. url .
- Fruits of the Hawaiian Islands, by Gerrit Parmile Wilder. Honolulu, T.H., Hawaiian gazette co., ltd.1911. url .
- Hardwicke's science-gossip: an illustrated medium of interchange and gossip for students and lovers of nature. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1866- url , p. 196, p. 197.
- Harmsworth's Universal encyclopedia, written by the leading authorities in every branch of knowledge and edited by J.A. Hammerton. London, Educational Bk. Co.[n.d.] url p. 3758.
- History of vegetable substances used in the arts, in domestic economy, and for the food of man. Boston: Lilly, Wait, Colman and Holden, 1833. url p. 402.
- Introduction to plant geography and some related sciences. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1960. url p. 242, p. 612.
- Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url , , , , p. 103, p. 112, p. 113, p. 116, p. 19, p. 24, p. 26, p. 29, p. 31, p. 32, p. 33, p. 34, p. 35, p. 37, p. 38, p. 40, p. 41, p. 42, p. 46, p. 50, p. 53, p. 54, p. 55, p. 55, p. 61, p. 68, p. 72, p. 89, p. 91, p. 91, p. 92, p. 94.
- J.M. Nickell's botanical ready reference: especially designed for druggists and physicians: containing all of the botanical drugs known up to the present time, giving their medical properties, and all of their botanical, common, pharmacopoea compiled by J. M. Nickell. Chicago: Murray & Nickell Mfg. Co., 1911. url p. 156.
- List of intercepted plant pests / United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Quarantine and Control Administration. [Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O.], 1932- url p. 13, p. 22, p. 30, p. 31, p. 317, p. 319, p. 33, p. 367, p. 43, p. 63, p. 69.
- Loudon's encyclopaedia of plants; comprising the specific character, description, culture, history, application in the arts, and every other desirable particular respecting all the plants indigenous to, cultivated in, or introduced in Edited by Mrs. Loudon, assisted by George Don and David Wooster. London, Longmans, Green, 1866. url p. 1061.
- Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula. By George King [and J.S. Gamble]. Calcutta;1889-1936. url p. 156.
- Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 1 1890 Durham, N.C.: Published for the Club by the Seeman Printery, 1889- url p. 170.
- Minor products of Philippine forests, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1920-1921. url , , .
- Natural history of Hawaii, being an account of the Hawaiian people, the geology and geography of the islands, and the native and introduced plants and animals of the group, by William Alanson Bryan. Illustrated with one hundred and seventeen full page plates from four hundred and forty-one photographs elucidating the ethnology of the native people, the geology and topogr Honolulu, Hawaii[Printed for the author by] the Hawaiian gazette co., l9l5. url p. 516.
- Nature. London, etc., Macmillan Journals Ltd., etc. url p. 271.
- Observations on the gestation of some sharks and rays / Calcutta: Asiatic Society, 1891. url p. 156, p. 158.
- Official guide to the Botanic Gardens, Dominica: illustrated: with an index of the principal plants. Dominica: The Garden, 1922? url p. 28.
- Origin of cultivated plants / by Alphonse de Candolle. New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1908. url p. 188.
- Origin of cultivated plants. New York, Appleton, 1892. url .
- Pamphlets on forestry in California. [1900?- url p. 102.
- Pamphlets on silviculture. [1899- url p. 1172, p. 1352, p. 1489, p. 1508, p. 529.
- Papers and proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania, The Society. url p. 32.
- Physiology at the farm in aid of rearing and feeding the live stock. Edinburgh and London, W. Blackwood and sons. url p. xviii.
- Pre-project study on the conservation status of tropical timbers in trade. Final report to International Tropical Timber Organization. Vol 1 ITTO url p. 188.
- Proceedings of the First Agricultural Conference, Malaya, held at the Chamber of Commerce, Kuala Lumpur, April 25th to 28th 1917.. ..; ed. by L. Lewton-Brain and B. Bunting. Kuala Lumpur, Govt. Printer, 1917. url p. 151.
- Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. London: Academic Press, [etc.], 1833-1965. url p. 847.
- Proceedings of the. .. session of the American Pomological Society. Cleveland, Ohio: The Society, url p. 131.
- Report of the proceedings of the. .. Entomological meeting Calcutta;Superintendent government printing, India, 1917-24. url p. 253, p. 324.
- Report on the agricultural resources and capabilities of Hawaii. Washington, Govt. Print. off., 1901. url p. 42.
- Seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1903-1913. url p. 22, p. 30, p. 33, p. 42, p. 43, p. 52.
- South African journal of science. [Marshalltown, Transvaal: South African Association for the Advancement of Science, url .
- Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 280.
- Suggestions received by the Agricultural & Horticultural Society of India for extending the cultivation and introduction of useful and ornamental plants: with a view to the improvement of the agricultural and commercial resources of India / compiled by Henry Harpur Spry. Calcutta: Bishop's College Press, 1841. url p. 18, p. 198.
- Textbook of theoretical botany, by R. C. McLean and W. R. Ivimey-Cook. London, Longmans, Green[1951- url p. 1702.
- The Bombay flora: or, Short descriptions of all the indigenous plants hitherto discovered in or near the Bombay Presidency: together with a supplement of introduced and naturalised species / Bombay: Printed at the Education Society's Press, 1861. url .
- The Bradley bibliography; a guide to the literature of the woody plants of the world published before the beginning of the twentieth century; Cambridge, Riverside Press, 1911-18. url p. 555.
- The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url p. 460.
- The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url , p. 14, p. 445, p. 521, p. 78, p. 786.
- The Hawaiian forester and agriculturist. Honolulu: Hawaiian Gazette Co., 1904-1933. url , , p. 125.
- The Journal of horticulture, cottage gardener and country gentlemen. London: George W. Johnson and Robert Hogg, 1861-1877. url p. 357.
- The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 3 1888 Bombay: The Society, url p. 100.
- The Last Rain Forests Reed International Books Ltd. url p. 187.
- The Philippine journal of science. 11 1916 Manila. url p. 251, p. 360, p. 72, p. 740, p. 78, p. 79.
- The colony of British Honduras: its resources and prospects; with particular reference to its indigenous plants and economic productions / by D. Morris. London: Edward Stanford, 1883. url , p. 114.
- The encyclopedia of gardening. A dictionary of cultivated plants, etc., giving in alphabetical sequence the culture and propagation of hardy and half-hardy plants, trees and shrubs, orchids, ferns, fruit, vegetables, hothouse and g London, W. H. & L. Collingridge url .
- The flora of Jamaica; a description of the plants of that island, arranged according to the natural orders. With and appendix, containing an enumeration of the genera according to the Linnaean system, and an essay on the geographical destribution of the species. By James Macfadyen, M. D. Vo. I. Ranunculac London, Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman; [etc., etc.]1837. url p. 134.
- The florist, fruitist, and garden miscellany. London: Chapman and Hall, 1852- url p. 9.
- The flowering plants of Western India. London, W. H. Allen url p. 25.
- The gardener's magazine and register of rural & domestic improvement. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, 1826-1844. url p. 223.
- The gardens' bulletin, Straits Settlements. Singapore: Straits Times Press, 1913-1941. url p. 117, p. 409.
- The medicinal plants of the PHilippines, by T. H. Pardo de Tavera. .. tr. and rev. by Jerome B. Thomas, jr. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son & co.1901. url , , .
- The medicinal plants of the Philippines / by T. H. Pardo de Tavera; translated and revised by Jerome B. Thomas. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son & co., 1901. url p. 254, p. 35, p. xiii.
- The natural productions of Burmah: or, notes on the fauna, flora, and minerals of the Tenasserim provinces and the Burman empire / by Francis Mason. Maulmain: American Mission Press, 1850. url p. 112.
- The new American orchardist; Boston, Otis, Broaders, and company, 1844. url p. 353.
- The new American orchardist; or, An account of the most valuable varieties of fruit, of all climates, adapted to cultivation in the United States; with their history, modes of culture, management, uses, & c. With an appendix on v Boston: Otis, Broaders and Company, 1842. url p. 353.
- The polar and tropical worlds: a description of man and nature in the polar and equatorial regions of the globe / by G. Hartwig; edited, with additional chapters, by A.H. Guernsey. Guelph, Ont.: J.W. Lyon, 1874. url p. 557.
- The tropical agriculturist. Colombo, Ceylon: A.M. & J. Ferguson, 1882- url p. 563.
- The tropical world: a popular scientific account of the natural history of the animal and vegetable kingdoms in the equatorial regions. LondonLongman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green1863 url p. 555.
- The tropical world: aspects of man and nature in the equatorial regions of the globe. LondonLongmans, Green1873 url p. 547.
- The useful plants of the island of Guam; with an introductory account of the physical features and natural history of the island, of the character and history of its people, and of their agriculture / by William Edwin Safford. Washington, D.C.: Govt. Print. Off., 1905. url p. 61.
- The vegetable kingdom. London, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge[184?] url p. 139.
- The villa and cottage florists' directory: being a familiar treatise on floriculture, particularly the management of the best stage, bed, and border flowers usually cultivated in Britain. To which are added directions for the management of the green-house, hothouse, and conservatory: with the different modes of raising and propagating erotic plants. Interspersed with many new physiolog London, Whittaker and Co., 1835. url p. 201.
- Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 164, p. 276.
- Tropical agriculture: the climate, soils, cultural methods, crops, live stock, commercial importance and opportunities of the tropics / London: D. Appleton and Company, 1916. url .
- Tropical agriculture; the climate, soils, cultural methods, crops, live stock, commercial importance and opportunities of the tropics / by Earley Vernon Wilcox. London: D. Appleton and Company, 1916. url p. 127.
- Wanderings in the great forests of Borneo; travels and researches of a naturalist in Sarawak, London, A. Constable & co., ltd, 1904. url p. 25.
- [Publications] - Bureau of Government Laboratories. Manila, Bureau of Public Printing, 1903-1906. url p. 84.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 24, 2007:
- Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
- , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2647525
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-21484
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13741249
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:428073-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 71011
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 21484
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 428073-1
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: GAMA10
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 37021
- Xi-wen Li, Jie Li & Peter Stevens "Garcinia". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 1, 40. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Garcinia mangostana". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 1, 41, 43. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]