Democratic National Convention, 1920, Lincoln Nebraska (taking place in the early summer. All convention events so far posted need to be moved down)
Hearst comes in basically unchallenged with Hoover giving a speech in his support. Hearst is nominated unanimously with all contenders having already dropped out. Hearst names Burton Wheeler as his VP candidate due to his youth, vitality, geographic seperation, and populism.
Republican National Convention, 1920, Boston Massachusetts: A heavily contested convention with no clear political winners. Smith declines to run due to his sucess as governor. Leonard Wood eventually gains the nomination on the 11th ballot mostly due to his name recognition. Nevada Governor Tasker Oddie is named as the VP candidate to try to balance out the ticket.
1920 - The Fairmount-Broadway train line is opened and put under MTA jurisdiction.
1920: In a shocking move, many moderate Progressive members of Congress announce party switches to the Republican Party.
November 1920- Roberto Diaz Leon wins the Cuban presidential election.
January 1st, 1920-The Negro Abroad, a newspaper for the growing Negro community in Europe, begins circulating in Berlin. It will add printing presses in Rome, Paris, London, Addis Ababa, and Harlem by 1930.
January 2nd, 1920- Tillings once again wins, still on the strong Liberia platform, but this time saying that he will finish the "Task" by "making Liberia independent of any other country" .
January 18th 1920- President Dartiguanave of Haiti forced to escape to Cuba after a military coup of the US created Gendarmerie forced him out of office.
January 19, 1920: Willys Motors buys out Nash-LaFayette to become the 4th-largest car manufacturer in the USA.
Febuary 7th, 1920 China signs a deal with Germany that gives a German company a contract to build railroads for the New Republic.
February 16th 1920- Dutch aviation engineer, Anthony Fokker, develops an interrupter gear for the German military. He produces the first forward firing aircraft in the German Luftwaffe, the Fokker E.5
Spring 1920 A virulent strain of influenza breaks out in the United States of America, first in the mid-west but then spreading through most of the nation. It hits healthy young adults especially hard compared to other strains. Almost the entire country closes down. The influenzae also spreads to other parts of North America.
March 2, 1920 -- In response to repeated requests from American immigrants, Empress Zauditu divides the nation into 35 states, grants each autonomy in strictly subsidiary matters, and allows each to have an elected House and Governor (or Mayor, in the case of Addis Ababa). She also creates a Senate, which she appoints and which cannot override her veto. Among her first slate of Senators is Prof. McKay's wife, Eulalie Lewars.
March 4th 1920- Major Erwin Rommel assigned to the motorization testing Brigade. He’s recognized by many in the General Staff as an expert in motorization by now.
March 21, 1920- Leon Blum wins the general election in France. Despite actually being moderate compared to some of his Socialist supporters, he is highly disliked by the right (which is fired up due to the Italian Civil War). Right-wingers start protesting on the street.
March 27, 1920- At a protest in Tours, a govt. soldier gets a little nervous and accidentally shoots into the air. This gets the protesters very angry, thinking someone has been shot, and they rush the soldiers. Both soldiers and protestors are killed in the ensuing chaos, and protests in other cities threaten to erupt into something bigger...
March 30, 1920- PM Blum, alarmed by the growing chaos, declares martial law and orders the military to enforce a strict curfew in many major cities. This is too much for many rightists in the Army, and a group, led by Marshal Petain and including a young Colonel Charles De Gaulle, resign their commissions.
April 1, 1920- Marshal Petain is contacted in his home by several rightists from the Action Francaise, who feel an all-out leftist coup and takeover is inminent and want to strike first, or at least be ready. Alarmed, he agrees to lend his, and the other rightist officers, support to the movement.
April 3, 1920- Rightist sympathizers begin to camp out in Paris, waving protest signs during the day and generally being a nuisance. The police keep an eye on them, but Blum, not wanting to further exacerbate the situation, orders them to keep quiet.
April 6th 1920- King George I of Greece dies on his sleep. Replaced as King by his son Constantine.
April 6th 1920- Start of the “April Riots” in Canada. Henri Bourassa declared a general strike of all French-Canadians to protest what he called “the racist policies of Prime Minister Hughes and the lack of interest of the Governor-General and the Imperial Council for the plight of citizens of the Empire.”
April 7, 1920- The Rightist demonstrations get a major boost when Marshal Petain, along with many of the other recently resigned officers, arrives to join them. By now news of the demonstration has spread through France, and conservatives and authoritarians alike are congegrating on the city. Blum grows increasingly agitated, and after much discussion with his advisors (many of which urge him to take out the "damn fascistis" once and for all), orders the police to get ready to arrest the officers in the next few days.
April 8th 1920- Canadian Prime Minister Sam Hughes announces the strike was illegal and to disperse in 48 hours.
April 10, 1920 -- Gertude Stein, disdainful of the looming civil war, leaves Paris for New Orleans.
April 10th 1920- Canadian troops began arresting French-Canadian protestors in Ontario but in Quebec troops were forced back to their barracks and in many instances French-Canadian troops joined the strikers.
April 12th 1920- Canadian Populist leaders in the central provinces declared their support for the plight of the French-Canadian. Canada was rapidly falling into chaos.
April 12, 1920 - Blum's government sends in the police to arrest the Rightist demonstrators, but they resist, often with violence. The police are forced to retreat from the field, giving the Rightist protestors a boost. Several protestors are wounded, one fatally, who becomes the cause's first martyr.
April 12th 1920 The German designers draw up plans for the UA class U Boat. The UA class is 230 feet long, about 1500 tons with a speed of 15.3 knots on the surface, and a range of 15,420 miles at 10 knots. Can dive to the depth of 175 ft. Is manned by a crew of 56 with room for twenty more. Has an cargo capacity of 700 tons.
April 13, 1920 - Blum orders the military in to break up the protestors. Several refuse to take action against the Rightists.
April 15, 1920 - Enough volunteer military, mostly sympathetic to the left, are found to send against the protestors. Bloody street fighting breaks out this time in earnest. The protestors are forced to flee, but this is only the beginning.
April 16, 1920 - Violent riots break out in major cities throughout France protesting the 'Cowardly Reds' and their 'pet soldiers'. Several cities are taken over entirely as many veterans of the last war swarm in from the countryside.
April 16th 1920- Troops fight the strikers in the Quebec-Ontario border and began to move north in the direction of Montreal and Quebec City.
April 17th 1920- An expose appears in the Canadian newspapers, demonstrating the level of corruption on the Hughes’ administration, with his cronies getting paid for services not provided to the government or being overpaid for contracts. The source of the information is unknown to this day but is suspected more moderate members of the Conservative party were responsible but even some far-fetch theories blame the British or the Americans.
April 19th 1920- Chaos ensued in all major cities in the north. French Prime Minister Leon Blum forced to leave Paris in an airship and move the government to Marseilles.
April 20th 1920- British government, thru Governor-General the Duke of Devonshire, dissolves the Canadian Parliament and ask Hughes to resign “for the good of the Dominion.”
April 21st 1920- Troops advancing into Quebec are ordered to return to Ontario and an agreement was reached with the strikers in Quebec assuring them troops will not enter again until the situation is resolved.
April 22nd 1920- Sam Hughes, his political career in ruins and being forced to resign, commits suicide. Albert Edward Kemp replaces him as Prime Minister until elections could be held.
April 24th 1920- French-Canadian militias disperse after assurances were given their grievances were going to be examined by the Imperial Council and the new government plus amnesty was being given to all the leaders of the strike.
May 1st 1920- After close to a month of chaos the dust settled and the nation was divided in a north-south split, with the right-wing followers in control of the North of France except for socialist pockets in Troyes and Chartres. On the south the socialists were in control except for the city of Toulouse and a long strip of land following the Swiss border and going all the way to Lyon. Both sides began to make operations to eliminate the pockets of enemy soldiers in their respective areas of control.
May 7th 1920- Ford Motors Co. began assembling cars in Australia.
May 7th 1920- Prime Minister Hara survives an assassination attempt by a left wing supporter. The resulting persecution of the Socialists and other dissenting movements was finally made official by the Peace Preservation Law.
May 11th 1920- Bela Ferenc Blasko promoted to the rank of major. His troops in Montenegro, many of them from Transylvania, gave him his nickname after he impalled some prisioners. He was called either Vlad the Impaller or Dracula by his troops.
May 18th 1920- Charles Maurras, leader of the Action Francaise, self-styled himself as Prime Minister and after a long debate between the factions involved he wins but the more moderate Petain gets both the War and Foreign Ministries.
May 30th 1920- Chartres falls in the hands of the right-wing forces.
With political instabilty making life difficult at home, French people begin alighting for overseas in increasing numbers. A few move abroad to Quebec or to various colonies, but the majority make the simple trip across the Mediterranean to Algeria. The towns of NouvelleAlsace and Cambon are founded this summer.
June 7th 1920- British Government announces India will receive representation in the Imperial Council and a special election will be done to elect the Indian representatives.
June 11th 1920- Prime Minister Hara reluctantly presents the Peace Preservation Law to the Emperor to his approval. Hara knew the civil liberties of many citizens would be curtained by this measure but he also accepted it needed to be done to “save the nation.”
June 16th 1920- Riots in Buenos Aires and other cities broke by troops following a week of a general strike that paralyzed the country. The Radical Party, very popular at the moment of their election in 1916, was losing popularity due to the economic problems caused by the lack of commerce caused by the Flu epidemic.
June 17th 1920- Socialist attempts to capture Lyon foiled by the arrival of the 4th Army, an army under the control of the right-wing forces.
June 18, 1920 - The Boston Elevated Railway (BERy) obtains a charter to operate a transit line on the now mostly-abandoned Grand Junction trackage, while it remains in the hands of Boston and Albany.
June 18th 1920- City of Toulouse surrenders after defenders are allowed to go to Spain for internment.
June 19th 1920- Liberal Mackenzie King elected Prime Minister of Canada by a landslide. Many considered the actions of Hughes as the end of the Conservative Party in Canada, not able to elect a Prime Minister until the early 1970’s.
Summer 1920 - With some 20% of the United States population having contracted the Yankee Flu, as the world has taken to calling it, the nation is paralyzed. Canada, the Mexicos, and Central America have been similarly hard hit. Cases are beginning to appear in South America as well. Europe has been mostly spared due to stringent quarantine of shipping from the Western Hemisphere. Approximately 350,000 people will die of the epidemic in the USA alone.
Summer 1920: Moderate Republican front-runner Theodore Roosevelt contracts influenzae while campaigning and nearly dies from pneumonia complications.
July 1920: Ballinger attempts to distance the newly founded league from La Follete. Johonson encourages him to seek a more mainstreme Progressive stance, but Ballinger fails to take decicive action. His staff draws up a charter which basically supports general liberal ideology while failing to take a direct stance of the issues of the day. Ballinger continues to appear tri-partisan and money begins to pour in. Ballinger's men try to paint the league as a non partisan attempt to achieve social justice. La Follete privately criticizes the movement, but fails to take any public action.
July 8th 1920- First major offensive operation of the war starts when the right-wingers 4th and 10th Armies attacked to eliminate the socialist bulge between Lyon and Clermont. After close to two weeks of combat the bulge was eliminated. The front ran at that time from a line roughly going from north of Bordeaux in the Atlantic (in socialists hands) thru France and following a line going south of Clermont and Lyon (in right-wingers hands) until reaching the Italian border.
July 17th 1920- City of Troyes falls. The persecution of socialist dissidents began on earnest on the north.
July 17th 1920- King Alfonso XIII names Miguel Primo de Rivera Prime Minister of Spain in an attempt to end the economic crisis in the nation.
July 18th 1920- Serbian emigre Gravilo Prancip dies during a botched robbery in Sarajevo.
July 31st 1920- Right-Winger Prime Minister Maurras calls for a return of the monarchy and offered the throne to the Napoleonic pretender, who accepted after some deliberations on August 15th 1920.
August 1920 - The first cases of Yankee Flu appear in China, believed due to lax quarantine procedures.
August 18th 1920- First of the six ship Constellation Class battlecruisers approved by the US Congress. Very fast battlecruisers (32 knots), They were armed with ten 14” guns in dual turrets and the last was commissioned by late 1924.
August 18th 1920- Leon Blum recognized a long civil war will weaken France and began secret negotiations to end the conflict.
August 25th 1920- Oil discovered in Argelia by the Bureau of Petroleum Research. The area is near the Tunisian border in Hassi Messamoud but it's considered substantial enough to merit further exploration and exploitation.
September 1920: Seymour publishes his first book, "The Eagle and the Greenback: A history of American Corruption." The book is not only detailed and well researched, but also exceptionally well written and appealing to both academics and everyday people. During the election campaign, Hearst somewhat promotes the book, claiming that it is a truly multi sided look at a very serious problem, partly to help promote Seymour himself. The book sells better then even Hearst intended, after recieving amazing reviews from all newspapers, including the Freemans Journal, and those owned by Pulitzer Inc. The struggles against political machines and corrupt businesses is a universal tri-partisan subject.
September 18th 1920- The military governor of Libya and Tunisia, Armando Diaz declares for the Fascisti.
September 18th 1920- Benjamin Davis, after being approached by Ethiopian military and government officials and after consulting with his family and other American expatriates, resigns his commision in the United States Army and accepts the rank of Colonel in the Ethiopian Army.
September 20th 1920- Napoleon the IV is crowned in a ceremony in Paris.
September 25th 1920-Prime Minister Maurras refuses to even discuss terms to end the war with Blum and don't pass the information to his cabinet. The war was turning into a quagmire, with both sides not been strong enough to end the stalemate.
Fall 1920 - The Yankee Flu has reached the Russian Empire and Southeast Asia. Millions of deaths are being reported in China, some being blamed on a shortage of antibiotics. However, demographers note that losses are only moderately more percentage wise than the developed world.
October: The Equality League expands to include inner city urban issues and Populist farming issues. It begins to hire clerks and lawyers becoming an early lobbyist empire. Ballinger personally invites both Smith and Bryan to join the league. Bryan agrees to join on the condition that the league support his actions in his respective areas, and that his regions would get equal ammounts of monetary assistance as compared to the west coast where the league is based.
October 1st to 9th 1920- The New York Yankees win an astounding third consecutive World Series by defeating the Buffalo Braves 4 games to 2. With Johnson having an injury plagued season and only winning 10 games it was up to the Yankee offense to win the pennant and they responded. With catcher Ruth leading the way with a healthy .374-54-142 and leading the league in homeruns and ribbies, Tris Speaker having his first outstanding season since being acquired in 1917 leading the league in hitting with a .391 batting average plus adding 10 homers and 110 ribbies, Roger Hornsby exploded into a power hitter by hitting .372-20-86 and the arrival of rookie Bob Meusel that hit .322-10-86 their offense changed the face of baseball. Teams began to look for power hitters instead of slap hitters and this season is considered the beginning of the live ball era.
October 7th 1920- Russia and Romania signed an economic treaty with secret clauses included. Germany and Austria-Hungary were wary of this economic treaty, and the refusal of the Romanians to join the German led Central European Trade Union, but recognized there was no reason for an aggressive action.
October 11th 1920- French Socialist military officers leak information to the Monarchist Foreign Minister Petain of the refusal of Maurras to end the conflict.
October 18th 1920- Petain launches a coup to remove Maurras from power with the support of the new monarch. Maurras is arrested and Petain is named Prime Minister by the King. The persecution of the more radical elements of the Action Francaise starts.
November 1920 - For the first time in years, a presidential election ends with a candidate receiving the majority of the electoral vote, though only a plurality of the popular vote, as Democratic candidate William Randolph Hearst wins the US presidency.
November 1920 - Dr. Oberth publishes an expanded, popular version of his doctoral thesis, exciting further interest in the field of rocketry.
November 1920: Phil Swing is re-elected on a joint Progresive-Republican ticket. As the Progressive party falls apart, Swing drops his connection to the Progressive party.
November 17th 1920- Petain request to meet with Blum in Clermont to negotiate an end to the conflict. By now the military officers on both sides recognized a long civil war will destroy the nation and were working for a fast resolution of the conflict.
December 17th 1920- With the industrial areas on the hands of the Fascisti since the beginning of the conflict and with the defection of the colonial forces the situation was considered as a losing proposition by the King. He asked the Fascisti leader, Franco Pasolini, to form a new government and dissolved the government of Sidney Sonnino. Pasolini accepts the offer and arrives to Rome three days later under heavy escort of his sympathizers.
192 Growing concern over the potental that Submarines may be threat to shipping in the future forced the major powers to develop a new weapon call the depth charge. It is a weapon that has a explosive charge that detonates at a preselected depth by a detanates fuze.The British,French,Ottomans used a 150lb weapon where the German,A-H,Greek,Italian used a 400lb one.
1921 The beginning of the decade in which the Sede del Nascosta was formed, with 19 crime families coast to coast. Each family had an identical paramilitary structure with a national commission that set rules and policies.
February 1921- Puerto Rico’s president Iglesias-Pantin offers the city of San Juan to host the revision of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. He was surprised his offer was accepted and began preparations to ensure everything goes well during the Conference.
February 1921 Li Yaunhong is re-elected President of the Republic of China.
February 1921: Young freelance Chicago journalist Ernest Hemingway reports on the Colosimo bootleging empire. His talent is quickly recognised by newspaper moguls, and he is quickly hailed as the next great muckraker. He receives a death threat from Colosimo's nephew Torio. He then aranges with the New York Journal American to take him on board. He quickly joins the Hearst owned organization as a star reporter.
February 8th 1921- After months of negotiations, Leon Blum agrees to resign as Prime Minister and Napoleon IV is recognized as King of France. The agreement reached gave an amnesty to all supporters of the socialist regime and elections were announced for February next year.
February 14th 1921- Chandra Bose and Motilal Nehru arrived to London, as the newest members of the Imperial Council. Still India was divided. The Indian nobles were in an uproar and they considered this Council as a threat to their hereditary powers.
February 15th 1921- The Unionist Party under Petain wins the elections with a wide margin, acquiring a majority in the Senate. The party has a more right-center approach to government and was very welcomed by the majority of the Frenchmen, tired of the last year radical politics.
February 24th 1921- In one of the first decisions of the Hearst's administration, orders were given to send a Marine regiment to Santo Domingo to assist the Caceres government in defeating the rebels. Also weapons and instructors were ordered to the nation as support.
March 1921: With the Democratic Party being a majority in Congress for the first time this century, the Agricultural Worker's Rights Act is passed with the support of the now minority Populist congressmen.
March 11th 1921- Tesla discover by chance that radio signals generated by lighting can be detected by his EWD. He used this new information as a way to track thunderstorms. With the help of his working staff they made possible the development of rotational antennas to detect the direction of the storms and an oscilloscope in order to display it. All was missing was the transmitter.
March 17th 1921- Arthur Griffith tries to get the British government to agree on having the two Catholic majority counties of Northern Ireland, and having autonomous status for the rest. The Ulster Protestants strongly object to this and present their concerns to the Imperial Council.
March 25th 1921- German 1st Infantry Division is decided to be the test bed of the new fad in the German planning, motorization. Kegresse-based armored trucks, armored cars and artillery movers plus motorcycles are sent to this unit to test the feasibility of the concept.
April 16th 1921- Leon Blum goes into exile after his defeat due to concerns about his safety.
April 18th 1921- While an amnesty was promised to all socialists, a persecution of the more radical members of that party was silently started while the one of the radical members of the Action Francoise continued.
Spring 1921 The Yankee Flu has reached Eastern Europe, India, and the Ottoman Empire. Having learned from the American experience the year before, entire nations shut down when the first cases are reported to minimize spread. Antibiotic production to treat secondary infections are ramped up, but most Western European nations horde theirs, foreseeing the inevitable spread of the flu to their lands. The Americans are the largest exporter at this time, due to the increases in production made in the wake of their own outbreak and the flu having run its course in the Western Hemisphere.
Summer 1921 The Yankee Flu has spread to Western Europe and Africa. Draconian quarantine measures and antibiotic stockpiles lead to less infection and death in Western Europe than elsewhere, though Africa is hard hit. The British Isles are the least affected.
May 1921: The Equality League creates the Society for American Justice. The Freemans Journal under Bryan's supervision agrees to help fund it. Its mission is to take legal action to protect those who have been harmed by society. Bryan is named as chairman though he rarely took up a case, and the firm tended to deal with rural issues. Several popular cases were won by the league, and Ballinger took advantage of the publicity, though Sinclair and other leaders in the league dissaproved of its regional focus.
May 8th 1921- British government signs the Dublin accords with the government of the Irish Free State. The accord gave the two Catholic majority counties to the Irish part of the Free State and put Ulster under the adminstration of the Dublin government as an autonomous area.
May 17th 1921- The Ulster Rebellion starts. Irish army commander Michael Collins order his forces to move into the rebellious province.
May 28th 1921- Prime Minister Asquith order British forces to help the Irish army in putting down the revolt.
June 1921: President Hearst considers attacking some of Smith's labor laws, like the eight-hour work day and the pension plans, but is stopped by Hoover who convinces him that any form of attack would be deemed unpopular.
June 7th 1921- David ben Gurion moves to Salonika, where he continued his work on the zionist movement, calling for a Jewish Homeland in Palestine.
June 30th 1921- Belfast fell to the join British-Irish forces under Sir Douglas Haig. Start of the “unconventional war.”
August 1921: Colby, Ballinger, Sinclair, and other prominent figures in the Equality League publish a book entitled "Grassroots Progressivism" focusing on statewide and local reforms that still can be made, even without a major Progressive presence in Washington.
August 8th 1921- Great Britain began construction of the Hood Class battlecruisers. The new ships, with nine 16” guns in triple turrets all forward of the funnels and with a speed of 32 knots, they were expected to be the most powerful battlecruisers by the time their construction was completed in 1925.
August 10th 1921- President Louis Bouno of Haiti is assassinated and replaced by Rosalvo Bobo.
August 30th 1921- Communist Party of India is founded, in support of the Indian National Congress.
September 1921: The Equality League successfully pushes through harsher child labor laws in a movement led by Sinclair.
September 1921: Hearst pronounces a general tax cut. Hoover is somewhat more reluctant to take this action, but as a compromise new pro-business legislation is passed making it harder for the national government to impede on corporations. The legislation does not prohibit state governments from taking such measures. This legislation helps establish unity in the Democratic Party as a party of smaller federal government, though Populists and other liberals in the party favored large state governments.
September 17th 1921- Wilhelm Canaris named naval attache to the United States.
September 18th 1921- Anglo-German Naval Agreement signed in London. The German government agreed to reduce their Navy to 35% of the size of the British Fleet’s capital ships. The British in exchange agreed to withdrew their presence of the Baltic Sea completely. The treaty barely passed both houses of Parliament. Many considered this a surrender of Europe to the German Empire but the Imperial movement considered the Empire continued existence was more important.
September 19th 1921- Great Britain began construction of the St. Andrew Class battleships. Considered overgrown version of the Hoods, they were only capable of 23 knots but were the first ships mounting 18” guns in triple turrets forward of the funnels.
October 1921: The Freeman Journal praises Hearst for his economic policies, but is more mixed when it comes to issues of foreign intervention.
October 1921: Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee attempt to pass state bills that makes it harder for poor southerners to vote in an attempt to lower Populist influence. They use heightened poll taxes and fees and regulations to avoid a constitutional issue.
October 1921: Sinclair is convinced that the League can be used as an effective political tool. He convinces equality Democrats to propose several moderate welfare programs to Hoover. He rejects them, but quietly notes some of the suggestions.
October 1st to 5th 1921- The New York Yankees sweep the Chicago Cubs to 4 games to zero in another example of incredible hitting by Herman Ruth seconded by Hornsby during the Series and the regular season. Ruth hit five homers in the Series to follow his .376-60-173 season that included repeats in the homeruns and RBI crowns while Hornsby hit .625 in the series to follow .395-23-125 regular season that gave him the batting crown in taking this team to a four consecutive World Series victory.
October 5th 1921- The Northern Territories-New Guinea-Solomon Islands Representation Act of 1921 gave representation to the citizens of the Northern Territories and the new territories representation in the Australian Parliament.
November 1921: Frederick Hanslow is elected governor of New Mexico as a Populist Democrat.
November 1921- President Quezon wins another six-year term as the leader of the Philippines but opposition was growing inside his own party to his rule over the islands.
November 10th 1921- British Admiralty issues a request for a device that detects submarines underwater.
December 1921: There is a general strike of white southern workers against landowners. New money capitalists take advantage of the situation by hiring the most efficent workers, forcing large farm complexes to hire a larger black work force.
December 1921: Henry Wallace moves to Lincoln Nebraska in order to become a Vice President of the Freeman Journal. There he meets several major Populist political figures such as Wheeler and Bryan, and quickly is hailed as the best young journalist in rural America.In order to retain respect, Wallace avoids taking any ultra-radical positions.
December 1921: Popular mainstream Democrat Newton D. Baker, former mayor of Cleveland, announces his intentions of running for the senate the next year against plutocrat traditional Republican incumbent Warren G. Harding.
December 18th 1921- Sargent Roberts(Halsey) excellent service during the Civil War is taken into consideration and by order of Prime Minister Petain himself is commisioned as an officer on the French Army.
1922 Upton Sinclair is elected as the governor of California.
1922- A large rebellion starts in the Visayas, taking close to three years to defeat. This rebellion affected the economy of the nation and was another blow to the dwindling support of his own party to President Quezon.
1922- The arrival of US Marines plus more weapons and instructors for the Dominican Army turned the tide in the nation. By the end of 1922, only small bands of rebels remain, but the city of San Pedro of Macoris was still a bed of unrest, with the bulk of the US Marines being stationed in that city to keep the peace. Still the Hearst administration considered the only way to achieve a lasting peace in the Dominican Republic was for President Caceres to step down and to have new elections under US supervision to ensure that no fraud was committed. After long negotiations finally Caceres relented and announced elections were going to be held by November 1922, with him not running for President.
1922: Nancy Bush is born. Tragically, she dies three years later from leukemia.
January 1922: The southern voting restrictions are brought to the US Supreme Court, and are declared unconstitutional. The decision also helps break down Jim Crow laws.
January 1922 Economists theorize that the Yankee Flu has cost billions in lost productivity for the 1920-21 period. More people have died of the Yankee Flu than did in the European wars of 1913-15.
January 7, 1922- After a pro-communist speech in the snow the day before in Turin, Italy, the famous radical "anti-art" poet Eliot dies in his hotel.
January 15, 1922
The last few quarantines are lifted, the Yankee Flu having run its course. In Italy, it marks the beginning of a human flood. Between 1922 and 1933, 6 million Italians move abroad -- 2 million in 1922 alone. The choice destination is the USA, but The General Immigration Act makes it very difficult to gain access to America. The Mafia soon finds itself in the business of smuggling immigrants into the USA. For those who cannot afford their fees, Tunisia, Libya, Puerto Rico and Brazil are the most popular destinations.
January 29, 1922 -- The First Revision to the 1883 Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Its revisions on the original convention are minor, mainly consisting of an improved priority right system that lessens some of the unfair advantages enjoyed by deeper-pocketed claimants. It is a landmark convention, however, for taking place in a "colored" nation. It also marks the start of the "Próspero 20s", in which a major increase in foreign investment helps to begin pulling Puerto Rico out of poverty.
February 1922: Hearst and Hoover unveal a massive piece of legislation taking into accounts Hoover's philosophy of redistribution. It includes thousands of changes to be made in all branches of the government through shifting money around. They utilized several Equality League suggestions, though the league complains that taxes will have to be raised if the changes are to have any real effect.
February 1922- Fernando Moreima Umanzor elected as president of Brazil.
February 7th 1922- Argentinian General Hector Varela announces the rural guerillas in Patagonia are crushed and declares martial law in the area. He’s viewed by many in the Conservative Party as a possible candidate for the Presidency in 1928.
February 8th 1922- The first successful test on a human patient with diabetes occurres in Pisa, Italy saving a young Paolo Pier Marconi.
March 1922: Young lawyer Wendell Wilkie joins the Baker campaign and quickly rises through the ranks untill reaching the status of Deputy Campaign Manager.
The DuPont company patents and releases Pepta-Bis, "scientifically formulated to aid the cure of all digestive maladies." Its two active ingredients are bismuth subsalicylate and cannabis hemp oil. DuPont can rightfully claim that the product is "scientifically formulated" -- it is arguably the first medicine to be tested with both chemical research and clinical trials. It quickly becomes a top seller at soda fountains, lauded for its calming powers on both the mind and stomach.
March 1922: The reorganisation bill passes both houses of Congress with support of both the Democrat and Populist factions of Congress. Still the Republicans opposed to this legislation and voted against it.
March 1922- New York Yankees announce last year homerun leader Herman Ruth was being moved to the outfield to open a space for catcher Bubbles Hargraves acquired from the Chicago Cubs.
March 7th 1922- A literacy program is approved for India thanks to their representatives in the Imperial Council. By 1932 the literacy rate had doubled from 7% to 14%. Still, specially the Conservatives and the ruling classes in India began to get worried.
March 10th 1922- Oil is discovered in Venezuela. General Juan Vicente Gómez begins to forge ties with United States and Europe,especially the British.
March 15th 1922- Pascual Orozco,former commander of the Mexican Army, wins the presidential election in Mexico. Known for his nationalistic views, he began a silent campaign to recover the territories under US occupation by what he stated in one speech, "all means necessary."
March 17th 1922- Germany sells two of their Nassau class battleships to Chile to try to get into the limits of the Anglo-German Naval treaty.
March 28th 1922- Colonel Charles Young promoted to Brigadier General and named commander of the Negro brigade of the 9th Infantry Division. Before his posting all white officers on the brigade are replaced by black officers to ensure we will not have any white men under his command.
April 1922- Young catcher Gabby Hartnett makes his debut with the Boston Blue Soxs.
April 7th 1922- Under great fanfare, the first train bound for Cairo left the city of Cape Town. The transcontinental railroad was declared open.
April 19th 1922- Henrich Hartmann is born in Germany.
April 21, 1922 At the end of his first year in office the President of China meets with the Kaiser and Chancellor of Germany in Berlin, serious discussion over an alliance starts taking place.
May 1922: In order to beat Baker's growing popularity Harding 'donates' 2 million dollars (mostly from wealthy campaign contributers who feared another popular Democratic Senator) to local machines and uses his governmental influence to assist those who support him.
May 11th 1922- United States acquires a lease for the contruction of a naval base in the Bay of Cozumel from the Southern Mexican government. The United States agreed to share the facility and to build two coastal battleships for the South Mexican Navy.
May 18th 1922- Lou Gehrig signs a contract to play for the New York Giants, the professional football (soccer) team based in his hometown after playing college ball in Columbia University.
May 29th 1922- U.S. Supreme Court ruled that organized baseball is a sport, not subject to antitrust laws.
June 1922: The reorganisation bill comes into effect. Though most experts and economists believe that it is an improvement, the change temporarily slowed down several major government projects. Critics also note that the more effort is placed in making the changes in the south, plains states, and western mid-west which support Hearst.
June 1922 Franklin Delano Roosevelt accepts a position in the Equality League leadership.
June 4th 1922- Commander Chester Nimitz addressed the Naval War College on "Defensive and Offensive tactics of submarines." His views of using subs to defend harbors were well received but the ones in regard to using them to hunt capital ships was found to be, using the words of an Admiral present, "out of reality with the current submarines' capabilities."
June 14th 1922- President Hearst is the first heard on radio, as Baltimore station WEAR broadcast his speech dedicating the Francis Scott Key memorial at Fort McHenry.
July 10th 1922- Disgruntled Portuguese young military officers join forces with the middle classes to end the chaos on their country and launch a coup against the monarchy and their Prime Minister Sidoneo Pais. King Luis Felipe is forced into exile and a Republic was formed under the leadership of President Antonio Maria da Silva.
July 21, 1922 Quentin Roosevelt manages to escape serious harm after the crash of one of his firm's newest airplane designs. Despite concerns from his partners, he refuses to stop serving as one of the firm's main test pilots.
August 1922: Charles Seymour begins to tour the nation going from university to university. He also begins to serve as corporate and political advisor to both business and federal organisations, being the most nationally recognised expert in corruption. Meanwhile his own personal political machine has become so deeply engrained that the vast majority of politicians are no longer fully aware of its existence.
August 1922: The media is attracted to Baker and both the Hearst Foundation and the Freemans journal give Baker good publicity. Wilkie is interviewed and soon becomes a media fixture as a man with sharp wit.
Harding pays the machines another million dollars, telling them to do whatever it takes.
August 1922: Hanslow is viewed as a Populist hero as he helps the more barren states of New Mexico blossom into a economic powerhouse with its cities growing faster than those in Arizona and western Texas. He is a shrew economist applying extra money to Hoover's programs to receive maximum benefit while receiving monetary support from the Equality League. To avoid any charges of corruption, Hanslow display's his entire personal assets to show that he did not embezzel any of the money.
August 18th 1922- The first of the UA class submarine is put in service. She has 2 8.8cm guns and 2 3.0cm AA. 4 Bow torpedoes and carries a staggering 20 torpedoes reload. Range of 12000 mi at 12kts.
September 1922: Now that the reorganization bill has settled in, the American economy starts to improve. Hearst and Hoover both gain popularity, and use their new momentum to help encourage the growth of cities and light industry in the west and plains states which had been growing population wise since the Bryan administration with more farmers and tired laborers moving out west. The Hearst administration begins leaning more conservative, which appeals to this people.
September 8th 1922- President Hearst refuses an invitation to attend a Naval Conference in London. With his refusal being made public, the Japanese government also refused. These actions caused the cancelation of the proposed Conference.
September 17th 1922- US Army accepts a John Browning's design of a light automatic rifle to replace the US standard weapon, the Hotchkiss 1909. It was ordered as the lessons of the Second Mexican War sank in. The war in Mexico was a conflict of small sized units and the need to upgrade the firepower of the squads and platoons in the US was considered a must by the General Staff. The weapon, called the BAR, was the first of many attempts to upgrade the firepower of the small units in the US Army.
September 18th 1922- In Great Britain, retired British admiral Percy Scott writes a letter to a newspaper stating; "the submarine and the aeroplane have changed naval warfare; no fleet can't hide from the aeroplane eyes and the submarine is capable of sinking a ship from under the water even in broad daylight." He called for more submarines and less battleships. He was attacked by many sectors and his statement called "a fantastic dream of an old man."
September 23rd 1922- Heinrich von Willensen began studying microwaves as a possible way of building a better Tesla EWD and publishes his ideas. They were very well received thru the world and began a race to build similar equipments by different nations.
October 1922: Upton Sinclair publish a new book, "The Cesspool",which criticizes political opportunists, party bosses, prohibition, and other scandal related topics. It becomes very widespread, and he uses it to expand his influence in the Equality League and becomes frontrunner in the elections for Governor of California. The League grows in strength due to a new influx of donations.
October 1922 -- an amateur league for "Mexican Rugby", otherwise known as the American-style football that was banned in American colleges in 1909, forms in New Orleans among the Mexican immigrants and the American blacks who grew up playing the game. Amateur rugby leagues soon catch on in Mobile, Miami, and other Gulf port towns where the game had survived as a youth street sport.
October 1922: Swing pushes for damning the Colorado River with his proposed Boulder Dam project. He is given initial support from Hiram Johnson, but Swing becomes the major pusher of the legislation. Swing joins the Equality League, though never becomes incredibly active in its burocracy. The League becomes a major supporter of the Boulder Dam project.
October 1st to 10th 1922- Under the leadership of Joe Jackson the Boston Blue Socks win the Continental League pennant by defeating the New York Yankees by one game in the last game of the season and went to beat the Pittsburgh Pirates 4 games to 3. Jackson have an outstanding season, leading the league with a .402 average together with 15 homers and 135 ribbies but injuries slowed him down for the next two years and was traded to the Yankees before the beginning of the 1925 season.
October 21st 1922- President Hearst names James Clark Reynolds, former Attorney General in the Ballinger Administration and former Governor of Nuevo Leon as the first civilian governor of Hawaii since the early 1910's, ending the military emergency in the islands.
November 1922: Harding officially beats Baker and prepares to return to Washington as Senator.
November 1922: Colby is re-elected to the House, and once again is named minority leader to the slowly dying Progressive Party.
November 1922: Democratic candidates win elections all across the west and mid-west, thanks to personal appearances by the President himself in support of their campaigns,though several are defeated on both coasts. Also some deep south and north-east Democrats fail to support the Populist measures in congress.
November 1922- The Socialist Party wins the presidential elections in Puerto Rico. While their achievements were small during their first four years, their next twelve years in power raised the standards of living of the island to levels never seem on the island.
November 14 1922: Wilkie questions the election result, and investigates further. He reveals that political machines were responsible for the re-election, through ballot stuffing and bribery.
November 18th 1922- In elections monitored by US officials, the former commander of the army Desiderio Arias won the presidency with a 63% popular vote but still he was defeated in the former rebel areas. Nevertheless US commander for the Hispaniola, Admiral Sims, announced the regular forces will abandon the Dominican Republic by February 1923 but with the military advisors staying to help in further development of the Dominican Army.
November 19th 1922- President Zapata wins the presidential elections in South Mexico by an incredible margin of 91%. While truly a nationalist, he knew a continued relationship with the United States was essential for the survival of his nation.
December 4, 1922: Frederick M. Jones perfects a mass-produced automatic transmission. Gesgeshi, Ethiopia's automobile company, is born.
December 7th 1922- As part of the warming relations between Germany and China, the German government sell to China the battlecruiser Von der Tann and two battleships of the Helgoland class.
January 1923: Hearst attempts to create an anti-poverty program in the inner city, but it meets with little success.
January 1923: Working mostly with governors, former Secretary of the Treasury Colby helps institute Progressive economic reforms in several local levels, though such legislation would never pass in congress.
January 1923: Due to his popularity, Baker chooses Wilkie as his lawyer to argue in court that he was the rightful Senator. Wilkie performs brilliantly making both Baker and himself look like champions of the common man.
January 12, 1923 Former President and cofounder of the Equality League Richard Ballinger dies.
January 28th 1923- United States began construction of the Canonicus Coastal Battleships, two for the Southern Mexican Navy and two for the new US Navy Yucatan Squadron. The ships were armed with three dual 12" turrets and with a max speed of 15 knots. They only weight 8,000 tons and their range was very limited. All ships completed by 1927.
Febuary 1923: Hoover puts and end to the Boulder Dam legislation, claiming that it would simply take too much money for questionable results. Swing has become a popular western politician in the process.
Febuary 1923: Baker hires private investigators to search deeper into the Ohio political system. He makes a statement that the machines were rigging almost all local elections across the state, and that the governor was illegitimate. He also implicates enough state senators and congressmen to create a clear Democratic majority in the Ohio legislature.
Febuary 1923: Labor leader William Green is named as a temporary new chairman for the Equality League. He is uncontroversial, but also ineffective. Privately, many Populist equalilty members wonder whether the candidate was hand picked by Sinclair so he could be controlled.
February 7th 1923- The proposed changes to Article 15 of the German Constitution barely pass in the Reichstag but the controversy subsided when the Kaiser himself stated he considered the German people should have the right to elect the Chancellor and they had his blessing to do so. Still he had the power to dismiss the Chancellor and request elections in a model similar to the one in Great Britain. Special elections for the position of Chancellor were announced for November 1923.
February 13th 1923- Germany sells the last two remaining Nassau ships to Greece and the last remaining Helgolands, one each to Peru and Siam.
March, 1923 - Widespread corruption at the Old Colony Railroad Line is leaked. Despite attempts by officials at the line to calm the public, the New Haven Railroad, owners of the line, are forced to take action, and the leadership of the line is replaced. Ridership still takes a stready drop.
March 1923: Wilkie refuses to take up Baker's second case, claiming that many of the men implicated were fine men being implicated only for political reasons. He refuses to take the case, and Baker drops the charges. Wilkie becomes nationally recognised as, as Bryan put it, "A man who remembers what Democracy means." Wilkie was offered and accepted junior seat in the board of the Society for American Justice.
March 11th 1923- Otto Frank renounces to his commission and stays in Poland. He marries a local Jewish girl and later accepts a commission in the Polish Army.
March 15th 1923- After a second consecutive so-so season Tris Speaker is traded by the Yankees to the Toronto Blue Jays for three players. He has his last great season for the Blue Jays in 1923, leading them to the pennant and victory in the World Series with a .388-18-140 season.
April 1923: With League support, a law regulating coal mines is passed greatly reducing the risks involved but also greatly increasing costs. It is initially unpopular due to its expense, but after the vast majority of miners state their approval, the move begins to gain general support, helping the League regain members who left after Ballinger's death.
April 3th 1923 Commander in Chief of the Paraguayan army José Félix Estigarribia defeats attempted coup.President Eusebio Ayala remains in power.
April 12th 1923- Assassination attempt against Argentinian general Hector Varela fails. The general's popularity grows within the Conservative Party.
May, 1923 - The new head of operations on the Old Colony Railroad announces a plan to slowly phase out operations on unprofitable and expensive lines. The first target is the Greenbush Secondary, which had a large number of road crossings making it much slower than other lines. The government approves the plan, and passenger operations are phased out over five years, though the occasional freight to the lumber yard at Nantasket continues.
May 5th, 1923-A modernized version of Romeo & Juliet set in Harlem debuts. Sixteen-year-olds Joanie Carson and Jose Romero make their debut. The show runs 26 months, a record for a Harlem off-broadway drama.
May 7th 1923- Greek Army Chief of Staff Ionnis Metaxas present in joint Greco-German military maneouvers. He stated that he was happy with the results so far.
May 10th 1923- Ernest Rutherford and his asistance Robert Boyle demostrate a device to detect submarines by the use of soundwaves.They call there system The Acoustic Submarine Detector or ASD for short.
May 25th 1923- President Hearst signs the construction of the new Boxer battlecruiser class. Six ships with three 16" dual turrets and with a max speed of 28 knots, they were still too slow to compete with the newest British Hood Class but with their commission in 1926 they actually gave the US Navy a 12 to 11 advantage in the number of battlecruisers over the Royal Navy.
June 1923: Governor Smith introduces his own anti-poverty program in New York, which actually utilizes some of Hoover's redistributionary programs. The majority of the program is devoted to getting people jobs and improving local industry. It is a sucess, and similar programs are soon developed in Boston, Baltimore, and Chicago, all Republican cities.
June 15, 1923 President Juan Gomez begins negotiations with Standard Oil and British Petroleum to develop and refine the recently discover oil fields of Lake Maracaibo.
June 18th 1923- Hector Varela announces in the press that the only way the Patagonian rebels were getting weapons was from Chile. Chile denied the accusations and denounced the Argentineans as “being provocative.”
1923 June 21, King Constantine I of Greece dies. His son, George II, would receive the crown soon after.
July 3rd, 1923- By this time Tillings has managed to sever ties with all except the US, and the economy is starting to suffer for it. Tillings tells his staff only that he will do something drastic to estrange the relationship of the US and Liberia.
July 5th 1923- Cuban president Roberto Diaz Leon gets enough support on the legislature to allow the president to run for reelection. His political enemies accused him of using bribery and blackmail to achieve the necessary majority to past that bill, charges he denied.
July 7th 1923-United States Army Air Service created as a separate branch of the Army. First chief of the branch was a recently promoted Brigadier General called Billy Mitchell.
July 19th 1923- The Japanese Empire announces they will construct a new class of fast battleships to counter the British Saints Class. The four ships of the Kii class were armed with four 18" dual turrets but they had an advantage in speed over the British Saints with their 30 knots. Still their armor was weaker compared with the British ships. Completed by late 1927.
July 27th 1923- Mexico signs trade agreements with the Japanese Empire and the British Empire. While viewed by the Hearst administration as provocative, in reality the Mexican government was trying to get some leverage for future negotiations and have no intention of direct hostility.
August 1923: The Hearst businesses buy up most existing radio transmitters, and starts up AW: American Wireless, which becomes the first semi-nationwide radio station. Several major leaders are broadcast, including Hearst, Baker, Wheeler, and Hoover. Wilkie proves to have a natural talent for the radio, and serves frequently as a substitute when other prestigious politicians are less available to guest star. From that point on radio and eventually TV news would be dominated by historically influential figures, while normal straight news was viewed as more newspaper terrain.
August 7th 1923- Hugo Schmeisser designed a gun for the crews of the vehicles in the motorized units and for the members of the crew served weapons. It was approved for issue and production in 1925, so they were called the MP-25's. They were widely copied, with similar weapons been develop by the French, Italians and British by the end of the decade.
August 9th 1923- With the discovery of RDX Germany's Navy switches all of its torpedos to use a RDX/TNT mix, that is considered to be more effective than the standard TNT mix of the day.
August 16th, 1923- The revolutionary group Freedom Africa is formed in response to the president John B. Tillings burning the original charter for Liberia. They put out posters and almost overnight gather a following
August 18th, 1923- Rioters gather at the Presidential residence in Monrovia, protesting the president's burning of the original US charter for Liberia. They take this as an act that will destroy the country.
August 23rd, 1923- It is revealed that the revolutionary group Freedom Africa organized the riots, the group responds with a parade down the streets of Monrovia. When this parade is ambushed by government police, the group turns violent, starting the Liberian Revolutionary War.
August 26th 1923- South Mexican government signs a trade agreement with the United States, viewed by many as a response to the treaty signed by Mexico with the British and Japanese a month before.
August 30th, 1923- Freedom Africa, or the Patriots as they are called, adopt a picture of George Washington in the middle of an entire flag of red and white stripes as in the US flag.
September 1923: About a third of the members of the Equality League resign, and many others begin to distance themselves from it after a corruption scandal implicating William Green and several other Equality leaders breaks. Josephus Daniels of the Equality League, Naval Secretary under La Follette as a Democratic cross-position, and a prominent member of the Democratic Party, is one of those implicated in taking bribes and participating in fraud. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, while at first implicated as well in the scandal, is later exonerated. However, the lingering taint makes it difficult for him to continue in politics.
September 1923: Joe Kennedy slowly gains prominence in California media. He slowly realises that in order to compete in Hollywood against Hearst, he had to ally himself with othe powerful organisations. He joins Pulitzer Inc. as the editor of one of the two Pulitzer papers in southern California.
September 8, 1923 - Boston Airport is opened in the East Boston neighborhood of Boston, however, it does not act as a commercial airport until 1927.
September 21st 1923- Josip Broz travels to Russia after been released from jail.
October 1923: With his new corporate and political connections, Seymour begins to use his academic influence to once again help control politics. He keeps it very secret, having learned from his historical studies how to keep his operations.
October 1923: Hanslow resigns from the Equality League, and discusses with traditional Populist leaders about the possibility of forming their own league.
October 1st to 9th 1923: Sometimes baseball and politics go hand-in-hand. In "the Waterfall Series", Canada wins its first World Series when the Toronto Blue Jays best the Buffalo Braves, 4 games to 2. The sight of overcrowded ferry and train stations as fans travelled between the cities led to the first meetings between New York and Ontario officials about building a grand new bridge to replace the International Railway Bridge. In popular lore, though, the credit will go to Braves outfielder Sam Rice, who griped about carousing Blue Jays fans, "I'd give them bums a ride home myself, 'cepting the police don't take kindly to driving cars into the waterfall."
October 17th 1923- A revolt in northern Haiti forces the Haitian president Bobo into exile and the rebellion leader Joseph Davilmar Theodore is declared president of Haiti.
October 22nd 1923- Georgy Zhukov promoted to the command of the 227th Regiment. Many of the officers in Stravka considered him a rising star and plans were made to send him abroad to study military science.
November 1923: Governor Sinclair is offered the chairmenship of the Equality League out of desperation. He accepts.
November 1923: The Manitoban Populist-Liberal Party receives more financial support from American donors. Their policies begin to closely reflect those of Wheeler and Hanslow, as opposed to local Candadian politicians. The former extreme nativist elements of the party slowly lose power.
November 2nd 1923 Senator Theodore Roosevelt dies in Oyster Bay, NY. He never fully recovered from complications of the Yankee Flu, despite a herculean effort to regain his health. Despite this, he was an active member of the Senate until the last weeks of his life. Rumor has it that upon his deathbed, he swore his sons to all seek service to the nation, even up to the highest office in the land, though no family member would ever confirm or deny this rumor.
November 14th 1923- Hugo Haase of the SPD party wins the Chancellor election with a 47% of the popular vote.
November 19th 1923- King George V orders new elections, with the Conservative Party regaining power for the first time in a decade. The troubles caused by the ongoing guerilla war in Northern Ireland and the fiscal problems caused by the ongoing naval arms race brought Austen Chamberlain to the position of Prime Minister.
December 1923: A separate Populist League is formed with Hanslow as chairman. The Society for American Justice defects to the new organization. Clarence Darrow is hired by the Equality League to help form a new legal organization. Wilkie again makes national news by joining the Populist League while refusing the resign from the Equality League.
December 1923: The Ethiopian economy crosses a major landmark: a GDP of $1,000/capita. Zauditu seizes the opportunity to invite leaders from other small-market nations such as Thailand, Liberia, Puerto Rico, and Persia to attend an economic conference; this boosts Ethiopia's claim to be the leader of the Coloured World.
1924 Democratic Convention: Hearst is renominated with no contenders. The Equality League tries to convince him to change his running mate, but Heart chooses not to seeing carrying all of rural America as his only chance for re-election.
1924 Republican Convention: Al Smith comes ahead in the primaries against most favorite son competitors. Though some conservatives see him as too extreme, most favor his policies. He nominates more moderate Calvin Coolidge to be his Vice President.
1924:Prescott Shelton Bush Jr. is born. He later proves to be, like his father, the big man on campus. It is expected that he will go far with his speaking skills and persuasiveness.
January 1924: Urban sentiment grows throughout America as many believe that Hearst's policies are stunting urban economic growth. Democrats counter by mentioning that the urban regions were actually much more economically stable then the rural.
January 1924: Seymour returns to Yale.
January 12th, 1924-The Fletcher Henderson Orchestra adds Louis Armstrong, and the debate over whose jazz orchestra is the best in New York ends immediately. Over the five years, they release over a dozen albums with myriad collaborators; these works are retrospectively considered "the birth of swing."
January 14th, 1924- Queen Wilhelmina I and Kaiser Wilhelm III abdicate in favor of their son, Wilhelm Frederick, who becomes Kaiser Wilhelm IV. The Netherlands passes the Act of Union on the same day, bringing Netherlands formally into the German Empire. The Netherlands retains a great deal of autonomy within the Empire, however.
January 18th 1924- Fascisti movement Linea Recta led a military coup in Chile that got rid of President Arturo Alessandri.
1924 Jan 24, The wedding of Alma Reed, a New York Times reporter, and Felipe Carrillo, governor of the Yucatan takes place.
January 30th 1924- The US Navy laid down the first of the four ships of the North Carolina Class battleships. A design radically different from previous US Navy designs, they had two triple 18" turrets forward and one aft but most important, the speed was 27 knots, making them the fastest battleships on the US Fleet at the time of their completition in 1927.
February 7th 1924- China negotiates a loan with the United States to pay the so-called Nishihara loans. The important thing for the Chinese nation was that all debts still owed to the Japanese Empire were repaid in full.
March 1924: Wendell Wilkie begins a whole series of small town court casses which would never have been noticed if not for the publicity he collected. He becomes a master of the press, and the first of many politicians to gain a weekly radio show on AW.
With the economy of British Columbia absolutely booming, Manchurians and Koreans begin moving, mainly to Victoria and Vancouver, respectively. There are plenty of jobs to go around, so the immigrants enjoy an unusually warm reception. "Oriental food" becomes the latest craze in Canada.
1924 Mar 5, Computing-Tabulating-Recording Corp became IBM.
March 13th 1924- The last of the three Caracciolo class suspended by the Italian Civil War finally completed. Prime Minister Pasolini hails their construction as “the first step in achieving superiority in our sea, the Mediterranean.”
March 19th 1924- Funds are alloted in Japan for the further study and development of oxygen propelled torpedos for use in destroyers. Studies in both the United States and Great Britain decided against using oxygen due to the risks involved.
March 28th 1924- As sign of continued warming relations Germany give 10 U-5 type Submarines to China for a base in Hainan.
April 1924: Hearst attempts to regain the Eastern vote by supporting factory regulations. Though very popular in the Equality League, the move fails to gain national popularity. It is generally believed to be too little too late.
April 1924: Hemingway wins the Pulitzer prize for journalism for a unique look into the urban lifestyle. Due to his prestige, he is moved by the Hearst Foundation from Chicago to New York.
April 5 1924 Venezuela, Standard Oil, and British Petroleum come to a agreement. Oil extraction and transport will be the responsibility of Standard oil while the Refinement will be that of British Petroleum.
April 23, 1924 As part of the effort to mend relations with Belgium, Kaiser Wilhelm IV marries Princess Victoria of Belgium.
May 13th 1924- A team in the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Physics first studies the results of the bombardments of uranium by neutrons. The results weren’t properly interpreted until years later. Institute director Albert Einstein shared the research with his Austro-Hungarian colleagues.
1924 June 6 Alexander of Greece, brother of George II, marries Princess Mary, daughter of George V of Great Britain.
July 1924: The Freemans Journal grows closer to the Hearst Foundation for economic support. They buy unused radio equipment from AW to form a small station called The United Voice (UV) which is broadcast in all of the Freemans Journal center cities, along with stations in Atlanta, Bismark, Salt Lake City, Carson City, and Helena. It quickly expands. It is the first radio station to present comedies and dramas rather then just music and talk. They first are presented on the air simply because they were cheaper to produce and buy rights to then political speakers and copywrited songs.
July 7th 1924- As the prospects of power devolution by the British seemed more imminent as time goes by, and wary of the intentions of the Indian National Congress, riots erupted in every major city in Northern India between Muslims and Hindus. Members of the Conservative government in Great Britain called for a slow down in the number of reforms being given to India.
July 12th 1924- The Brazilian goverment realizing its fighting a losing battle all but gives up try to compete with the rubber plantions in Asia.
August 1924: Pulitzer Inc. purchases the Grand Rapids Herald under the encouragement of editor Arthur Vandenberg. With the growing power of the media in American politics, such possitions were becoming increasingly powerful, and Vandenberg became a leading Michigan Republican.
September 1924: In order to avoid the growth of the Hearst foundation and to provide a voice for what they hoped would be the Smith administration, Pulitzer Inc. creates its own radio station, in collaboration with AT&T, RCA, and Westinghouse. It was called the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and tended to appeal to slightly poorer audiences. Its first major attraction was boxing, which appealed to the masses. Seeing that NBC was moving into the sports business, AW quickly acquired full rights to broadcast Baseball.
September 1924-Ernest Hemingway, Hearst's top reporter, meets the editor-in-chief of The Negro Abroad. The two quickly become close friends.
September 1924: Seymour becomes involved in a legal dispute, working against Sinclair Oil, who had been embezelling money. It is a highly publicized case, and Seymour uses his influence and personal testimony to prove how deep the scandal ran. Sinclair is sentenced to 12 years in prison, and forced to sell his shares.
September 19th 1924- Japan laid down two coastal battleships for the Filipino Navy. With a max speed of 22 knots and two dual 12" turrets, they were commissioned by 1927.
September 21st 1924- New Chilenian government signed a military cooperation treaty with the US, with military advisors and weapons been send to the country.
With the opening of a series of mines in the Atlas Mountains, Spanish and French laborers come seeking steady employment. This ordinarly mundane event takes on new significance, however, when the Colonial Goverment reports that there is now a "Latin Quarter" in every town of any significance between the Atlas Mountains and the coast. The Berber and Arabic community seems torn between anger and dispair. Resistance movements see a surge in membership, but a few give up and move to other North African countries or the Sarahan side of Algeria.
October 1st to 10th 1924- The New York Yankees win the first of nine consecutive Continental League pennants but is defeated 4 games to 3 by the Buffalo Braves. While the Yankees where led again by Ruth (.375-43-123), Hornsby (.427-30-101) and Meusel (.329-14-121) the Braves counted with Sam Rice(.338-2-85 with 28 stolen bases) and former Superbas outfielder Zach Wheat (.372- 14- 99) to defeat the Yankees in a very tight Series that saw all games decided by two runs or less.
October 5th 1924- President Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear from Argentina signed an order to create 10 brigades of border guards in response to Chile’s rearmament.
October 7th 1924- The German 1st infantry division is formally named the 1st Motorized Division and plans are started to change two other divisions to this table of organization.
October 9th 1924- British Navy convert a merchant ship into an experimental type of ship,an aircraft carrier. It was named the HMS Meridian with a seven ship complement.
October 28th 1924- Soon after the Netherlands joining the Reich The German navy learns of the Dutch snort and the start a joint research program under a new name, the snorkel.
November 1924: Colby, who supports Hearst in international matters, chooses to become a Democrat rather then a Republican. This is also partly due to his dislike of Al Smith.
November 1924 - Bolstered by support from both Republican stalwarts and a significant fraction of former Progressives, Republican Candidate Al Smith wins the presidency, though once again no candidate has received a majority of the popular vote.
November 1924 Theodore Roosevelt Jr. becomes the second Roosevelt to be elected Governor of New York. Then Governor Al Smith ran instead for President, but actively campaigned for Theodore Roosevelt Jr, along with the previous Republican Presidential Candidate and personal family friend, General Leonard Wood, who also campaigned for Smith's presidential run.
November 1924- With economy lagging due to the results of the Yankee Flu quarantines, a large-scale left-wing rebellion occurred in Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro. The rebellion was supported by some left-leaning young officers in the army and was very well organized and armed. Martial law is declared.
December 1924: As a lame duck, Hearst pardons over a hundred criminals, mostly those who had been forced to crime due to harsh economic conditions. He accepts suggestions from both the Populist and the Equality League. To try to show equality in those he chose, he also pardons a Rockfeller who was arrested for tax fraud. No longer worring about re-election, Hearst draws up a measure to save Liberia from harsh economic times, with the support of the Equality League. It passes the Senate but fails to pass congress due to Hearst's lack of political clout after losing to Smith and because it is viewed as too imperialist.
December 1924 - Disgusted with the narrow minded politicos who still shy from him due to his association with the the Equality League scandal, Franklin Delano Roosevelt decides to leave New York politics behind as far as he can, and moves to Hollywood, California to work in the entertainment and news industry that is booming there.
December 8th 1924- The first Willensen MWD or Microwave Detector is build for the first time. Using microwaves for detection, now it was possible to install radar sets in ships due to the size of the antennas and the equipment were greatly reduced.
1925 - Author and screenwriter Howard P. Lovecraft moves to Hollywood to accept a position with one of the major studios.
1925 Ford released the Model V, the first hybrid vehicle from the company's main division.
1925-President Quezon announces he will not be running for president in the 1927 Filipino presidential elections.
1925 Secretary of the Interior Theodore Roosevelt Jr. with the support of President Smith puts into action an idea that his father had suggested to him and others several years before, and institutes a National Parks System under the Department of the Interior. This gains both President Smith and Secretary Roosevelt a great deal of support among conservationist Progressives who have felt their issues have been neglected for several years.
January 1925: In an attempt to appeal to both interventionist Republicans and old Ballinger supporters, Smith appoints Henry Stimson Secretary of State. They soon clash over issues of how much pressure to put on international powers. Smith's isolationist viewpoints due not mesh with Stimson's policies, but he is forced to keep with him awhile to try to maintain mainstreme support. He is more or less successful as most hard-line Republicans support moderate Al Smith.
January 12th 1925:In Chicago, Schemer Drucci and Bugs Moran make an attempt on Capone's life after following him to a restaurant on 55th Street. It succeeds, along with a hit on Johnny Torrio as he leaves his apartment. After this, the Chicago mob is greatly weakened, and the North Side gang gains dominance over much of the bootleg trade. Frankie Yale would be killed more than a year later in New York as he tried to move in
February 1925- Rebellion in Pernambuco is defeated but still the seeds of this rebellion continued to exist.
February 1925- President Li Yaunhong of China wins reelection. His government was recognized as the legitimate government in China and in his inaugural speech he announced “the three stages of the revolution had been achieved. Military unification, political tutelage have already being achieved but today the proof that we are truly a Constitutional Democracy is right in front of you. I was elected thru a true democratic process, proving the Chinese people has learned how to follow the ideas of the democracy. Our road is still a long one but the worst is now over.”
February 1925: Sinclair Oil is bought by Hearst Democrat Texan Rick Gatling.
March 1925: Gatling 'donates' 9 million dollars to Yale to help 'expand its library.'
March 7th 1925- Tsar Alexei fully ascends to the throne, ending the regency of Grand Duke Michael. Grand Duke Michael takes over as commander of the Russian Army.
March 7th, 1925 Beginning of the Mussolini Crisis. Radical Italian Nationalist and newspaper editor Benito Mussolini is killed while resisting arrest by Austrian authorities when his Trento based newspaper is shut down for sedition. The Italian government protests and withdraws their ambassador from Vienna.
March 17th 1925- Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic is created by the Linea Recta government in Chile plus other economic reforms are implemented with US help, including putting the nation on the gold standard. These reforms attracted massive investments from the United States, including loans.
April 1925: In a suprising move, Smith proposes a very similar Liberian Aid legislation, though the military is completely taken out of the bill so as to seem less imperialist. It passes both houses of congress and starts the new presidency on a good foot by appearing bi-partisan.
May 1925 - The Smith administration faces its first major challenge with the beginning of the great Dust Bowl, spurred in part by the agressive farming of the Midwest and West spurred by farm subsidies and federal irrigation projects, coupled with severe drought.
May 2, 1925
The Puerto Rican census reports that over 5% of the population are immigrants. Most are from Mexico, but Argentines, Spaniards, and Italians are growing in numbers.
May 17, 1925 -- Congress formally authorizes the Department of the Interior to create a National Parks System, and authorizes the NPS to use its budget to create new parks.
Summer 1925 - FDR, as Franklin Delano Roosevelt is known to many in the Hollywood film industry, starts narrating his own company's newsreels, and becomes a well known figure on the big screen.
June 1925: The Equality League has gone great lengths towards recovery after the controversy. They push for a legislation to help women get jobs. Smith decides he cannot accept such legislation because it interferes too much in business, but as a compromise he does make female wages in federal jobs equal to those of their male counterparts, and doubles the federal womens workforce.
June 1925: Riots break out throughout the south as small farmers ridicule large old money land owners who control the majority of the profits. The farmers recieve economic support from new money capitalist southerners, mostly from Atlanta, Savannah, Mobile, St. Louis, New Orleans, Houston, Dallas, and Lubbock, who view old money plantation owners as political rivals. The political divide widens, though theoretically both factions remain Democrats.
June 8th 1925- THe first ASD units enter service in the Royal navy.
Jul 1925: Smith draws up an aid package to farmers in the Dust Bowl region. The Democrats claim its too small, while the Republicans counter the other direction calling it too large. It fails to pass either house. Herbert Hoover, still Speaker of the House, draws up an alternative package bill which redistributes funds for naval construction and road development, viewed as less crucial, to aiding farmers. Many politicians support the move, and claim that the legislation would provide better aid then Smith's original proposal. It fails to pass simply because several congressmen are afraid that Hoover has become too powerful.
July 1925: LaGuardia is named as Secretary of Labor by Smith.
July 17th 1925- A Willensen MWD set is installed in the battleship Mackensen for testing. It proves it worth by detecting the cruiser Koln ten miles away with an accuracy of 150 feet, enough for gun laying.
August 1925: Smith announces a tax cut, favoring the poor class. It is the first such cut since the Root administration. Sinclair and the Equality League opposes the move claiming that the government needs to expand. They recieve support from many non-Populist Democrats, many of whom join the League. Overall the move is incredibly popular in both urban and rural areas.
August 1925: William Jennings Bryan, tired of the negative response he receives in the US, begins to tour Europe. He already has decent comprehension in several languages, and makes a strong possitive impression in several rural communities. He is viewed as something of a novelty by much of the upper middle class.
August 4, 1925 -- The National Parks System takes a physical existence for the first time, when it assumes control of the already existing national parks: Yellowstone, Sequoia, Yosemite, Mt. Rainier, Crater Lake, Wind Cave, and Denali.
August 5th 1925- Jean Guillaume Sam, leader of a revolt in southern Haiti against the Theodore presidency since 1924, was killed after being ambushed by troops from the Gendarmarie.
August 7, 1925 -- Citing & quote;increasing violence among the Haitian population, the Dominican Republic calls for a conference with Cuba and Puerto Rico. The San Cristobal Conference produces few concrete results, but does produce a major shift in attitudes, with the Caribbean Giants; for the first time considering a treaty organization to help end the cycle of collapsing governments that have plagued much of the region since independence.
August 21st 1925- Adolf Hitler II, son of the painter, gets enrolled in the Austrian military academy after his father used some of his connections to get him the position.
September 1925: With no change, and economic prosperity across the rest of the nation, the Dust Bowl gets worst. Much of the nation ignores the issue.
September 1925: While studying at Harvard, Henry Cabot-Lodge Jr. is given a job as a reporter for Pullitzer Inc.
September 1925: With Smith's support, the Boulder Dam Acts are passed. Though it becomes an immense project, it eventually pays off serving as the major source of electricity for the west. Swing is pushed into mild national prominence as a Progressive politician who fits well into Smith's contemporary policies.
September 5, 1925 -- With the nation ignoring the Dust Bowl, Oklahoma takes matters into its own hands. The state enacts a new banking code that, while fairly non-controversial in the long term, has the side effect of postponing any further real estate foreclosures until March 1926. They also enact huge expansions and reorganizations of the state's agricultural and mechanical colleges: OK Panhandle State U, OK A&M, Cameron State Agricultural College, OK Colored Agricultural and Normal U, Cherokee National Seminary, and OK College for Women. Populist Governor William_J._Holloway becomes nationally famous for this forward-thinking program.
September 10, 1925 -- Mimicking the conservationist movement in the USA, the Dominican Republic creates Parque Nacional Sierra De Bahoruco, a giant wildlife park extending from the southwestern tip of the nation to Lakes Enriquillo and Saumatre. The fences built to protect the wildlife have the added bonus of cutting off the southern route that the Haitian refugees flooding the country had been using.
September 19th 1925- Brigadier General Charles Young dies on his sleep. The performance of his Negro brigade made possible the later appearance of a Negro division that gave a good account of themselves in combat.
October 1925: President Smith pushes towardes an improvement in infrastructure, including building more suitable roads and dams.
October 1st to 6th 1925- In a season that saw Ruth (.319-21-55) and recently acquired Joe Jackson (.302-1-29) miss half of it, or more in the case of Jackson, due to injuries the team was led by homerun champ Meusel (.302-41-125) and ribbies and batting champ Hornsby (.404-38-152) to win the World Series 4 games to 1 over the St Louis Cardinals.
October 3rd 1925- Grand Duke Michael receives authorization of the new Tsar to try to remove the new self-proclaimed Shah of Persia and put a Russian puppet in power.
October 5th 1925- First use of aircrafts for bombardment when Russian Ilya Muromets and the new Alexander Nevsky bombers were used against the cities of Tabriz and Teheran.
October 6th 1925- City of Astara captured by Russian troops. Kegresse armored cars supported by cavalry led the way of the advancing Russian army and divided in two distinct columns, one moving in the direction of Tehran and the other of Tabriz.
October 12th 1925- Worried about the growing influence of Germany in his nation’s economical infrastructure, President Li Yaunhong signs a trade agreement with the United States to help in improving the highway infrastructure plus to increase the agricultural and industrial production.
October 14th 1925- City of Gorgan falls to the advancing Russian forces. Georgy Zhukov cited by his action during the capture of the city.
October 14th 1925- A professor of economy, Antonio Salazar, is named minister of finance. Minister of Finance of Portugal for close to twenty years, he was the architect of his nation’s economic recovery thanks to improving revenue collection, centralizing financial control and cutting public expenditures. He also pushed forward colonial development to make possible for the colonies to pay for themselves and to build a trade surplus to raise capital for the state. He was a supporter of the emigration of Portuguese citizens to Angola and Mozambique in an attempt to raise the standards of production in both colonies. By the time he won the Presidency of Portugal in 1942 he was a very respected figure in the economic circles of Europe.
October 17th 1925- Ottoman Empire demand to the Russians to retire their forces from Persia.
October 21st 1925- Ottoman Empire declares war to Russia and began moving troops in the direction of Tabriz.
October 29th 1925- Russian cavalry and armored forces enter Tehran. Reza Pahlavi escapes south and pledges he will continue the fight. Foreign observers in the city noted the performance of the Russian vehicles and military attaches of all nations tried to get a look at them.
November 1925: Secretary Stimson urges President Smith to take a more active role in international politics. He especially encourages the US lending economic support, and diplomatic arbitration in the Persian affair to help gain international headlines. It is clear to most that Stimson didn't care which side to support, or how much money used, just that the US gained increased PR. Smith, tired of Stimson's activities, fires him and names Borah Secretary of State. Borah is more of a peaceful semi-isolationist who helps negotiate arms and naval deals with other powers.
November 1925: Frederick Hanslow is elected Senator from New Mexico as a Democrat. He remains chairman of the Populist League. In both capacities he actively complains for Dust Bowl relief.
November 1, 1925
Anxious to complete the national railroad and make the long-overdue connections to the British Transcontinental Rail, Empress Zaiditu proclaims that "all races and creeds" may move to Ethiopia. As expected, the new immigrants are almost entirely Persian. As Persians grow increasingly frustrated with their nation's puppet governments, they begin immigrating to Morocco, the Trucal States, and Australia as well.
November 9, 1925 -- New Mexico, being almost entirely desert to begin with and thus less affected by the Dust Bowl, takes a different tack from the Oklahoma Plan and instead creates the New Mexico Institute of Technology in Roswell. Lavishly funded through a hike in finance taxes, it boldly aims to be "the brightest beacon of science west of Chicago." Fredrick Hanslow receives much-earned credit for pushing the legislation through. Harper's Monthly runs a cover story on Hanslow and Hoover, under the title "Technocracy: The Politics of the Future."
November 18th 1925- Tabriz captured by Russian forces under Marshall Brusilov. First major battle between Ottoman and Russian forces.Both sides began courting the Georgian Republic.
November 24, 1925 - A son, the Crown Prince Chomklao is born to King Rama VI of Siam and his wife Princess Suvadhana.
December 4th 1925- Georgian Republic troops cross the Ottoman border and lay siege to the city of Batumi while marching in the direction of Kars. Ottoman foreign minister Enver Pasha declares "a state of war exist between both of our nations. Let Allah give the just punishment to the ones without honor."
December 19th 1925- Russian forces continue their advance south. British government send a note asking what were the Russian intentions.
December 21st 1925- Armenians rose in rebellion against the Ottoman Empire. Georgian leader Koba calls for them to join his Republic in a Federation.
1926- In a joint ventury, Californian and Bajan executives entered the market with the Tijuana Marijuana Cigar. They were the first visionaries capable of paying the license fees to distribute their product. By the end of the Global War, Tijuana Cigars were being smoked all over the globe.
1926 The Germans,French and British begin work in an electric powered torpedo.
1926 - During the course of the war, Tsar Alexi makes a series of speeches, several broadcast to the small but growing radio audience, to bolster the Russian people's morale. He proves to be an enthralling speaker. Many regular Russians begin to believe that they once more have a Tsar who is truly a 'Father' to the Russian people.
1926:George Herbert Walker Bush is born. He proves to be somewhat awkward, often being the butt of jokes while going to Andover and is accepted to be a barely passable student. He eventually gets over it and becomes rather popular, but he is known to be quite impulsive, and gets more drunk than is normal for his family.
January 1926: There is a mass migration away from the expanding Dust Bowl, mostly west to California. They are not greeted with open arms, and have trouble getting jobs. Anti-rural sentiment grows quickly due to the influx of refugees.
January 3, 1926 -- The Pennsylvania Railroad, in an attempt to restructure itself as a general transportation company, resolves to build airports in major cities, then connect them to train stations so that travellers can use planes for long distance trips and then take trains to reach more precise local destinations. This rail-air mix becomes known as the "hub and spoke" system.
January 17th 1926- Russian 17th Army continues their advance south. British government send a note to the Russians that their continued advance will destroy the balance in the area and will not be allowed. Russian forces stop for the time being and put a puppet in the Peacock Throne in Tehran.
January 21st 1926- Mustafa Kemal named commander of the Ottoman forces in Thrace.
February 1926: Cabot-Lodge Jr. takes a semester off and works as a journalist in New York. There he works closely with Ernest Hemingway, who helps Cabot-Lodge develop a political identity as a urban reformer.
February-April 1926 -- The remaining Dust Bowl states complete their debate on education's role in recovering from the agricultural disaster. Arkansas, Kansas, and Nebraska follow the "Oklahoma plan." Louisiana, affected less in the agricultural sector than in the loss of business at its ports, makes perhaps the most radical move. They not only upgrade all their state schools, but also move their "Negro colleges" to be immediately adjacent to, and share resources with, the whites-only colleges. Racial alarm caused by the Louisiana legislation, along with genuine budgetary concerns, helps scuttle similar legislation in Texas and Colorado.
February 1926: Smith pulls the plug on several infrastructure projects as to avoid increased taxation.
February 1926: In a surprising move, the Equality League uses up much of its assets to buy out 51% of the New York Times. The newspaper keeps its format, and helps lend credibility to the league.
Febuary 1926: Bainbridge Colby, a firm believer in states rights, takes up a campaign to encourage individual states to take up social and political reforms. The move proves more successful then previous attempts at reform, and Colby is boosted into prominence.
February 26, 1926 -- The National Parks system makes up for lost time with its Herculean first round of expansion. New National Parks are created for Mesa Verde, Glacier, Colorado Rockies, Denali, Grand Canyon, Zion Canyon, Bryce Canyon, Hot Springs Reservation, Grand Teton, and Carlsbad Caverns. It even creates a new subgenre of parks, Volcanic Parks, for Hawai'i Island, Maui Island, Lassen, and the already established Mt. Rainier.
March 1926: Smith proposes a popular anti-crime bill, which focuses mainly on cleaning up major inner-cities. Smith bases much of the bill on his own personal experiences. It passes and is viewed as successful in all major Americans cities, building on Smith's already powerful support from urban communities.
March 1926- Larry Fisher, a scout for the New York Yankees and a veteran of the 2nd Mexican War, opened an office in Cuba and later was named Scouting Director for the Caribbean. In a career that lasted 15 years he opened the Latin American market to baseball and was responsible of the crop of Cuban, Dominican and Puerto Rican players that played for the Yankees well into the 1950’s. The most famous of that crop were the pitchers Maximo “Max” Gomez and Rodrigo Amador from Cuba, second baseman-outfielder Alberto “Al” Serrano from the Dominican Republic, shortstop Victor “Vic” Lopez from Puerto Rico and outfielders Luis Olmo from Puerto Rico and Pedro Centeno from Cuba.
March 1st 1926- In an attempt to consolidate power the coffee barons elect Artur da Silva Bernardes president of Brazil.
March 5, 1926 -- The Pennsylvania Railroad begins construction on an impressive new airport in Moon Township, just outside Pittsburgh, PA. In an attempt to keep down building height in the surrounding area, it coordinates with a local society that has been seeking to build a new college in Pittsburgh, as well as the Mellon family, whose first attempt at founding a university has been floundering.
March 18th 1926- Bulgaria declares war to the Ottoman Empire and moves forces forward in the direction of Istambul and Salonika.
March 18th 1926- The United States Commissions the First Aircraft Carrier, the Langley.
March 21st 1926- Great Britain declares they will support the Ottoman Empire due to the danger their fall could cause to the current balance in the Balkans.
March 24th 1926- Ottoman 8th Army under Mustafa Kemal defeats the Bulgarian advance in the direction of Istambul.
March 27th 1926- British troops from Egypt land in Salonika and declares any advance by Bulgarians against their positions will be met with force.
April 1926: Hearst, now back in charge of his media empire, attempts to use his papers to put a bad name on Smith, focusing not on rural but on urban opposition, exagerating many of Smith's policies as corrupt. Hemingway, who has become a strong Smith Republican, resigns from the foundation and takes up a 7 year contract with Pulitzer Inc.
April 1926: A drought covers many of the plains states. The price of food begins to go up. Smith lowers agricultural tariffs to help poor families afford meals. When the drought lifts, rural communities are in a worse economic position having to compete with greater numbers of foreign markets.
April 1st 1926- Kars falls in the hands of a combined Georgian-Russian force.
April 9th 1926- First strike from a carrier took place on this date. The complement from the Meridian used to attack an Bulgarian airfield in Thrace.
April 11th 1926- Mosul falls to the Russians while forces in Persia began moving south again. British forces began landing in Basra and Bandar Abbas in response to that actions.
April 19th 1926- British invite Greek troops into Salonika to help in the defence of the area. Both the Bulgarians and Ottomans protested but weren't ready to face the British.
May 1926: Democrats criticize Smith's crime plan as being limited to only large cities. Wilkie takes on a series of court casses in cities like Dayton, Ohio and Detroit Michigan, where he publicizes the fact that little to nothing is being done to combat crime in the rust belt. He gains mid-western support while undermining several local Republicans in the region.
May 1st 1926- Russians back down as they considered Persia wasn't reason enough to go to war with the British Empire. A ceasefire was negotiated in all fronts and talks were started to end the crisis.
May 10th 1926 British Foreign Minister Lord Curzon visits Brussels and assured the Belgium government that "any violation of their neutrality will be considered an act of war against the British Empire."
June 14th 1926- President Li Yaunhong of China continues to use the competition between Germany and the US to gain influence over his country to his advantage. German military advisors began teaching the concept of motorization to three divisions that later served as the core of elite Guard Divisions. Meanwhile United States aviators began teaching the Chinese the basics of combat flying. By the end of the decade the difference in doctrines was noticeable in the different branches of the Chinese military, with German being the technical language in the infantry and artillery branches, while English was the language of the air branch due to American influence.
July 7th 1926- Prime Minister Pasolini recognizes they don’t have the resources to build battleships and decides to build what he called “light battleships” A design of only 18,000 tons, it was decided to laid down eight of them in 1927, with the idea to complete them in 1931. Armed with two triple 13.5” main guns and a max speed of 29 knots, their only drawback was their weak armor.
July 12th 1926- Bernardes suspends the Draught relief programs for the sugar cane growers in northern Brazil. and is reinvested in the southern regions controlled by the coffee oligarchy This leads to resentment among the sugarcane plantions owners in the north.
August 1926: Hemingway publishes his first book, a novel titled "The Last Man Standing" about corruption in the inner city, with the protagonist being a semi-autobiographical reporter. The book is published in serial form in Pulitzer papers across the nation, and receives critical acclaim both in the US and abroad. He quickly rises on the Pulitzer Inc. payroll, becoming the reporter with the highest name recognition.
August 5th 1926- Captain Isokuru Yamamoto, fresh back from the United States, submits his thesis on carriers and how planes could be utilized to carry torpedos.
August 9th 1926- The German Army creates the 1st Motorized Corps, composed of the 1st, 13th and 20th Infantry divisions and put under the command of Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck.
August 13th 1926- First Japanese aircraft carrier enters service.
September 1926: Bryan visits Manitoba, and in a special ceremony admits several major Liberal-Populist Party members into the Populist league, officially making it an international organisations. Over the next 6 months a handful of members are admitted from across the world.
September 1926: George Welles enters Columbia studying journalism and business, with a focus on public relations.
September 18th 1926- President Orozco reach an agreement with the Mexican Catholic Church to diffuse the growing resistance of the Church to some officials that understood the Constitution ordered them to persecute the religious orders and other catholic associations. Freedom of religion was written in the Constitution of Mexico.
October 1926: The Freemans Journal tries to sue the New York Times for unfair atacks against Populist policy. The Society for American Justice attempts to hire its star lawyer Wilkie to argue the case. Wilkie states that he does not have time on his schedule as to avoid getting on the bad side of the Equality League. The New York Times is defended by Clarence Darrow, who wins the case.
October 1st to 7th 1926- The New York Yankees wins their second consecutive World Series with a 4 games to 2 over the Pittsburgh Pirates. Hornsby (.324-30-120), Meusel (.297-33-109), second year player Al Szymanski (.340-30-107) and George Ruth (.356-63-159) were part of the team that hit a record 248 homeruns and won the pennant by 18 games by winning 106 games.
October 12th 1926- Germany perfects the Snorkel and immediately order for them to be refited on all German and Dutch submarines.
October 21st 1926- Former Brazilian President Fernando Moreima Umanzor with support from the Army and Navy launches a coup against the the coffee barons elected President.Thou it fails and as a result it starts a civil war in Brazil.
November 1926: Arthur Vandenberg is elected Senator from Michigan. He respects Smith and his laissez-faire meassures.
November 1926: Phil Swing is elected Governor of California, taking office the following year. He continues as a centrists whith support from both parties.
November 1926: Gatling is elected into the House of Representatives for the district of Lubbock.
November 1926- Puerto Rico’s Iglesias-Pantin won a third consecutive term riding in the success of the economic policies so far on the island. During his second term he continued his attempts to change the economic base of the island from an agrarian base to an industrial one. Also for the first time the Puerto Rico’s armed forces allowed immigrants to enter the military for two years of service if unemployed, created a two year mandatory service for all unemployed Puerto Ricans, a two year school was created for the education of career NCO’s and junior grade officers and elementary schooling was mandatory in the barracks for the lower ranks, in the long term raising the literate rate of the population in general. Iglesias-Pantin considered this as a step to ensure the future workers receive an education while serving their country. While many nations in the Caribbean were surprised by that decision, the new troops were used more for agricultural and industrial work after receiving their basic indoctrination and no new purchases of weapons were allocated in the budget.
November 1926- Roberto “Tio Beto” Diaz Leon wins reelection in Cuba by a landslide. Under his first six years he began the modernization of Cuba and began the creation of a large middle-class of technocrats and professionals. He also undertook public works and openly encouraged foreign investment. But the civil liberties of the Cubans began to erode. During this period the feared and hated “Directorado de Seguridad y Bienestar” was created. Also many political dissidents, especially members of unions and socialist organizations were targeted first as dangerous to the regime. Former Puerto Rican president Iglesias-Pantin wrote in 1932 that Cuba “gained wealth and fortune during the 1920’s but it was achieved on the blood of our Cuban comrades.” Diaz-Leon and Iglesias-Pantin dislike each other due to their political views, one being right-wing while the second having leftists leanings.
November 1926: Congressmen Couzens is named Speaker of the House to appeal to both Progressive and urban Republicans.
November 1926: The Republicans win a majority in congress, and Herbert Hoover decides to resign from Congress after losing the speakership. He is replaced by another Oregon Democrat. Hoover becomes an incredibly high payed business and political consultant.
November 18th 1926- Prime Minister MacKenzie King dies after suffering a car accident while returning from a cabinet meeting in Ottawa. He was considered the “savior of the Canadian nation” by many on his nation thanks to his actions trying to heal the wounds of the 1920 events. He was replaced by James Anderson, a Populist member of his Cabinet and a well respected politician.
Decemver 1926: Rick Gatling puts Sinclair Oil into a trust with family members still in control. Though officially divested, he still has a major influence on the company and how it spends its money. He is one of the richest men in Congress.
December 10th 1926- Treaty of Bern signed by the opposing sides of the Russo-Ottoman War. No side was satisfied by their gains or losses except by maybe the Georgians and the Greeks, who weren't even a belligerent in the conflict. Bulgaria received small border adjustments in Thrace and Eastern Macedonia. Georgia gains the Armenian parts of the Ottoman Empire and the areas were joined to the nation as a Federation. Persia was divided into two kingdoms, one ruled by Reza Pahlavi based in Bandar Abbas under British protection and one based Tehran under Russian protection and ruled by the Russian puppet Ahmad Shah Qajar. A Kurdish kingdom with capital in Mosul was created under Russian protection. The Salonika Autonomous Region, still technically under Ottoman control, but in reality being administrated by a joint Anglo-Jewish-Greek Council.
December 25th 1926- Emperor Hirohito declared Emperor after the death of his father but will not be crowned until 1928.
1927 - France starts serruptitiously supporting Wallonian extremists interested in carving a Francophone state out of Southern Belgium.
1927 British naval analylist and alternate history buff Hector C. Bywater publistes 1930:The War of the Greater Pacific. A story about a war in the pacific between the Great Powers of the World. It has fantastic stories of aircraft carrier's and submarines sinking fleets of ships which keep it as being seen as a serious piece.
1927 As the civil war in Brazil rages, local coffee farmers in Colombia band together and form the Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia to see if they can better compete and take advantage of the situation.
January 3rd 1927- Prime Minister Hara Takashi resigns due to health reasons.
January 7th 1927- Great Britain sells the HMS Dreadnaught to Argentina, were is renamed the 25th of Mayo.
January 11th 1927- Prince regent Hirohito names Count Yamamoto Gonnohyoe as Prime Minister.
January 12th 1927- Northern Plantation owners throw their support to Moreima's side.
January 15, 1927 Quentin Roosevelt's engineering firm receives its first contract from the military for the design of military aircraft.
January 28, 1927
One of the curious side effects of the General Immigration Act is that many Scandinavians who hoped to immigrate to the northern plains in the USA find it much easier to move to Canada. 50,000 now live in Edmonton alone. Today is the first ever "Viking Parade", an annual holiday that soon becomes one of the Canadian plains' greatest tourist attractions.
Febuary 1927: Congressmen Gatling begins to bring home the bacon, securing federal funds for dozens of Texas projects mostly benefitting poor white southerners over traditional old money plutocrats. He becomes a very moderate Populist in the Democratic Party, and a hero for new money southerners trying to break into the aristocracy.
February 13, 1927
The odd effects of the General Immigration Act begin to cause political discomfort on both sides of the border. Canadian opposition leader Jimmy Gardiner accuses the entire government of being "anti-Oriential, scare-mongering Klansmen" when Prime Minister James Anderson proposes that Canada adopt their own GIA, but the measure passes. Congressman Thomas Butler of Pennsylvania, meanwhile, makes headlines by proposing (most likely on Al Smith's orders) that the GIA be repealed.
February 17th 1927- US Naval Base Thomas Dewey opens in Cozumel.
February 17th 1927- Linea Recta government, under General Marmaduke Grove, announced the elimination of trade unions that started the repression of the last remaining enemies of the regime.
April 1927 - France and Russia enter into a secret alliance, contrary to the treaties ending the last European wars.
April 1927 - In Russia, a coalition of nationalist and monarchist parties have coalesced around the figure of the charismatic Tsar Alexi, and gain control of the Duma. They begin a process of significant military build-up and 'Russification' of many areas of the Empire that had been left to their own devices over the past decade.
June 1927 As the civil war wages the economy of Brazil is taking the most damage as rival faction start the burning of sugar plantations in the north and the coffee fields in the south.
June 4, 1927 - Twin girls are born to Siamese King Rama VI, Bejaratana and Soamsavali, but the Princess dies in childbirth, touching off mass mourning across the Southeast-Asian nation.
June 8th 1927-The German General Staff agrees motorization is the way of the future and funds are appropriated for the motorization of the artillery trains in the divisions plus the change in the table of organization of six more divisions.
July 1927: Vandenberg introduces a new economic reform bill which attempts to reconcile Smith's urban policies with Hoover's economic plan. It fails in both houses, receiving more Democratic support then Republican support.
July 14th 1927- Rebels force Haitian president Theodore into exile. The rebels, led the former anti-US guerilla leader and later a member of the Gendarmerie Charlemagne Peralte, announced that free elections were going to be held in early 1928.
August 10th 1927- Rubber Plantation owners in Amazonia throw their support with Moreima's side as they feel that they have been forgotten by the goverment.
August 13th 1927- Imperial Council approves Indian representatives’ plan for an industrialization program for India. Again the Maharajas protested these proposed reforms.
August 8th 1927- By now famous painter Adolf Hitler due to a dare enters the competition for the design of the new Austrian Federal Parliament and on this date it was announced his design won the competition. A gigantic building, big enough to fit both houses of the new Austrian Empire, it was considered by the Kaiser "as a symbol of the power of the new era for our nation."
October 1927: Alban Berg is made conductor of the Vienna orchestra.
September 8th 1927- The Landship Committee is created in Great Britain to develop a response to the Russian armored cars units.
October 1927 - Protests in the Grand Duchy of Finland over some of the new Russification laws breaks out. Tsar Alexi himself intervenes in the dispute, stating that the Finns and Karelians have a 'special status' within the Empire and calling for the relaxation of some of the Russification laws to instead teach Russian language, history, and culture alongside Finnish and Karelian materials as part of a 'Dual Heritage' policy. Many prominant Finns become supporters of the Tsar after the incident.
October 1st to 5th 1927- The Chicago Cubs win their first World Series ever, sweeping the Yankees 4 games to none. The Cubs, led by Kiki Cuyler (.289-18-103 and 37 stolen bases) and Bill Terry (.327-22-124), pounded the Yanks by winning the Series by a combined score of 30-8 in the four games.
October 10th 1927- Vannevar Bush makes a device that detects magnetic anomalies. He offers his device to the US Navy but they show no interest. The British, Greek and Italain navies show some interest as a potentially mine clearing device.
November 1927: NBC begins to lose listeners to both AW and UV, which has expanded past rural America, and looks for new creative outlets. They create an experimental TV station in Pulitzer headquarters, St. Louis. The technology is a sensation, and Pulitzer Inc. comes to an agreement with RCA allowing TV's to be sold dirt cheep. AT&T, the other partner in the station, makes huge amounts of money, and quickly buys out almost all of its opponents, leaving only enough to avoid anti-monoploy lawsuites.
November 1927- In a very close election, the Nacionalista Party loss for the first time ever, with the Unitarian Party under Benigno Ramos defeating the Nacionalista candidate Sergio Osmeña. The Unitarians were very pro-Japanese and believed that joining the destiny of their nation to the Japanese Empire as an ally was a priority.
December 1927: NBC TV stations open up all across the country.
October 1927: The first television drama is aired on NBC, a serialized but profound and tragic but all the while entertaining show called "Risks." Hemingway writes out many of the episodes, and the general plot. He is chosen purely for his name recognition, though many credit the success of television to his brilliance.
December 19th 1927- Hugo Haase government receives a vote of no-confidence by the Reichstag and the Kaiser ask for new elections for the Chancellor position. The three years of Haase government saw an increase in the rights of the workers, with better working conditions and benefits made into law thru legislation. This was the eventual downfall of his government when the big interests, the right wing movements and the old aristocracy joined together as the opposition. Only Haase’s support to military spending and an aggressive foreign policy made him palatable to the military and made possible the army support to some of his measures.
1928- With the economy going extremely well, the government of Linea Recta in Chile was very popular with the middle classes. But many were worried by the ongoing border clashes with Argentina.
Democratic Convention 1928: With the Democratic Party becoming increasingly dominant in rural regions, while dying out in the east, Populists have control at the convention, much to the annoyance of more traditional Democrats and Hearst Democrats. Several names are strong on the first ballot, including Hanslow, Hoover, and Colby. Hanslow agrees to drop out of the race because a Populist could not gain enough votes in the east. He throws his support to Hoover, who still has lots of power and respect in the party. As a part of the back room agreement that set up Hoover, Hanslow is agreed as the running mate. When a more Populist platform is adopted, several eastern, west-coast, interventionist, and Equality Democrats leave the room, and go across town to hold a seperate convention, where they nominate Colby. Stimson, who had left the Republican Party after being fired, offers himself as VP. He is a national figure who is respected by member former Hearst supporters. The new Democratic Party seems to be disorganised with no really unity other then dislike of Smith and Hoover.
1928 Bainbridge Colby is nominated to be the Democratic Party's next Presidential Candidate.
January 4th 1928- Japanese representives present a plan for an economic agreement with the USA.
January 7th 1928- First purpose build carrier is commissioned, the British HMS Argus. It had a complement of 18 aircrafts.
February 1928-Hermann_Scherchen and The Weintraub Syncopators each release top-selling swing albums with contrasting but decidedly German takes on "schwing" music.
February 4th 1928- Matthias Erzberger of the Catholic Central Party is elected in a coalition government that saw the center/right-wing National Liberal Party being an important part of the government, for example Gustav Stresemann was the leader of the National Liberal Party and also was the foreign minister until his untimely dead in late 1930 due to a heart attack. Erzberger government continued to help the workers’ conditions while trying to create greater ties with the British Empire on the foreign front. His war years government were truly a coalition one, with members of all political parties being represented, especially the Social Democrats Walther Rathenau as foreign minister and Theodor Heuss as a minister without portfolio. He was forced to resign after the war when dissatisfaction with the results of the Global War was palpable on the German nation.
February 7th 1928- Lord Curzon visits Berlin and paves the way for a warming up of the Anglo-German relations.
February 10th 1928- Charlemagne Peralte wins the presidency of Haiti, but the defeated candidates declare fraud on the general election and new resistance appeared in the south and the west of Haiti. One of the first official acts of President Peralte was to get a loan from France to purchase weapons from them.
March 1928: Hemingway decides to distance himself from television in order to keep on his journalistic ventures.
March 2nd 1928- The center of opposition against the Bernardes regime was the State of Rio Grande do Sul, whose politicians in alliance with those of Bahia, Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro formed the Reação Republicana.In an attempt to form a new goverment.
March 30th 1928- Pascual Orozco declares himself winner of the presidential in Mexico. While charges of fraud existed it was never proved and he barely won the election, something he used on his defense everytime charges of fraud were launched against him.
May 15, 1928 -- Actors Freddy Ball and Barbie Davis first get noticed when a talent agent notices their art school production of Shakespeare's "The Comedy of Errors".
May 15th 1928- Due to its involvement in the crisis in Spain France stops works on its electric torpedo.
June 1928: Over the summer George Welles works as a PR advisor for Democratic Party's state congressmen from northern Ilinois.
June 22th 1928- General Hector Varela wins the presidential elections in Argentina. He inmediatly began a program to respond to what he considered the growing Chilenian threat.
June 28, 1928 - General Federico Tinoco Granados seizes control of San Jose in a bloodless revolution. He soon moves to crush the political opposition of the nation. In the elections that year, he wins by a ridiculous margin of error that screams fraud. He begins moving closer to France.
July 12th 1928- The civil war effects in Brazil are finally felt in Amazonia as rivalry amonst Rubber Plantation owners leads to the burning of each others fields.
August 1928: A group of Republicans, 5 Senators and 40 congressmen, led by Vandenberg, try to quash all welfare projects and tax raises that are not impliment via redistributionary reforms as originally suggested by Hoover. They are put under attack by many in the Republican Party, but have enough clout with local Democrats to retain their in their home sates.
August 1928: Many criticize the new Democratic Party as a weak organisation that will destroy the party once again. Most politicians on both sides wish to avoid another 1912.
August 1928: Utilizing local machines, monetary donations, and clever political strategy, Arthur Vandenberg recieves the nomination from both the Democrats and and the Republicans.
August 1928- Unknown to each other the British and German Navy test electric torpedos on the 2nd and 27th respectivelly.The British design is slower and shorter ranged then contemporary torpedosw and sent off for more testing. The German designs also are lacking in performance but the Dutch shown interest in them and are put in service.
August 1928: The Populist League create the Teller Foundation devoted to assisting refugees world wide. It quickly becomes the League's most sucessful non profit organisation.
August 1928: Ernest Hemingway, after a night of hard drinking and partying, almost dies of alcohol poisoning.
August 1928: While keeping his consulting jobs, Hoover moves to New Haven, and becomes a tenure professor at Yale.
August 11 1928 With the economy booming form the oil-generated income President Gomez begins to found a professionalized army with a centralized command structure and to take control over customs revenues through an alliance with regional caudillos and the financial sector.
August 21 1928: In a well rehearsed address over radio and television Colby announces that he wishes the party to stay united, and announces that he will not seek election. Colby gains widespread respect, and Hoover promises him the vice presidency if he wins. Stimson takes over the party as campaign manager, but quickly loses almost all support.
September 1928-Presidential candidate Al Smith makes immigration reform one of the key themes of his campaign. Smith delivers a speech on Ellis Island and invites newsreel teams to film it. With the Statue of Liberty towering over Smith in the long-range shots, the speech arguably marks the first time that a candidate has consciously used the power of cinema to influence the election.
September 1st 1928- In their first test as long range cargo ships, 2 UA submarines leave Kiel and travel to port of Fiume in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. They carried 200 tonnes of steel strapped to their pressure hulls.
October 1928: Old guard former president Elihu Root endorses Hoover.
October 1928: Hemingway quits drinking, and begins a personal restraint movement supported by the Pulitzer papers and NBC. The idea is that both the temperance movement and the hard drinkers were extremist, and that the focus should be placed on alcohol in moderation. The Equality League with the New York Times quickly jumps on this and starts lobbying for alcohol limits. The Populist League retains its original temperance status.
October 1st to 5th 1928- The Pittsburgh Pirates swept the New York Yankees 4 games to none, the second consecutive series the Yankees are eliminated in four games. With Pie Traynor (.337-4-118) leading the hitting and old veteran Burleigh Grimes leading the pitching with 28 victories and a 2.87 ERA the Pittsburgh team won the first of two consecutive World Series.
October 7th 1928- J. Walther Christie demostrates his so-called M1928 design in Fort Meyer as the US response to the Russian halftracks. His vehicle, being fully tracked and using a suspension of his own invention, was agreed by the Cavalry Board under Lt Col George Patton to be build as an armored car for the Cavalry. Following the Russian idea of a turret, the vehicle have two machine guns (one .50 and one .30) mounted as the main armament in the original designs.
Oct. 15, 1928- Colonel Manfred von Richthofen, is appointed as a military attache to the New Polish State.
October 17th 1928- General Primo de Rivera assassinated in Spain by anarchists. King Alfonso XIII declares a state of emergency.
October 19th 1928- Riots began in all major Spanish cities asking for the resignation of the King.
October 24th 1928- King Alfonso XIII refuses to abdicate and calls for “all responsible Spaniards to stand by his side to defeat the anarchist threat.”
October 28th 1928- King Alfonso forced to flee Madrid and escapes to Sevilla. Socialist leader Manuel Azaña declared president of the rebels with capital in Madrid. Three of the six regular army divisions’ troops join the rebels but majority of the officers in the Spanish Army and Navy stayed loyal to the King. Majority of the Spanish fleet joins the rebels. General Jose Sanjurjo takes charge of the rebel forces while Emilio Mola is named by the King to command his forces.
November 1928: LaGuardia once again runs and wins election as a New York Representative.
November 1928 - Al Smith wins re-election to the US presidency, the first candidate to do so since William McKinley at the turn of the century. He wins in the north-east, the mid-west, and the west-coast. He also wins Maryland and West Virginia, former Democratic strongholds.
November 1928- Dominican president Desiderio Arias wins reelection on his nation presidential election. The first six years of his administration were a shining beacon for the Dominican people and it brought back the good times of the first Caceres administration. Arias took care to respect the political and civil rights of his citizens and the economy of his nation continued to grown thanks to a increase in the price of the export commodities of his nation. Public works projects proliferated and the nation expanded and modernized.
November 1928: Local Democrats sweep elections in northern Illinois. After further research, George Welles is given much of the credit.
November 9th 1928- Lt. Colonel Charles de Gaulle publishes his book "The Army of the Future," were he proposes the creation of a professional army with specialized divisions based in the Russian's use of armored cars in the short Russo-Ottoman conflict. While his ideas were rejected by the General Staff he received support from the monarchy to try his ideas.
November 17th 1928- Argentina and Great Britain sign the Roca-Curzon Pact that regulated commerce between both nations and gave a status to Argentina’s good in the British markets similar to the ones from the Empire.
November 17th 1928- Spanish Monarchist forces move troops from Morocco with cover Italian navy help.
November 22nd 1928- South Mexican President Zapata wins his third consecutive election.
December 1928: Joe Kennedy takes over all California branches of Pulitzer Inc., becoming the 4th biggest shareholder in the company. He delegates most of the papers and magazines to other executives while focusing on expanding NBC, especially the renowned news coverage.
December 9th 1928- City of Merida falls to the Monarchist forces in Spain. The two main monarchist areas are now united.
December 13th 1928- Pittsburgh Pirates trade their main starter Burleigh Grimes and two other players to the Philadelphia A’s for pitchers George Uhle, Red Farber and a young catcher-first baseman-outfielder called Joseph Foxx.
December 18th 1928- British Foreign Minister Lord Curzon dies in his sleep. Replaced by Stanley Baldwin as Foreign Minister.
December 21st 1928- City of Toledo falls to a column from the monarchist Army of Africa. But attempts to enter Madrid are rebuffed and factions began to dig in for the winter.
1929- Linea Recta announces major changes in Chile starting with reshuffling military commands; the creation of a 50,000-member civilian paramilitary force, the Milicia Republicana, to threaten the remaining leftists and cut unemployment by promoting industry and public works.
1929- Mexican President Orozco recognized his popularity was falling, as the results of the 1928 presidential election demonstrated. He started legislation to raise the wages and work conditions of the Mexican workers and was a believer in capitalism and trade. He began increasing the size of the military very late on the year as a way to increase his standing in the area and to create jobs for some of the poorest in the nation. This was viewed by both the United States and South Mexico as provocative but he assured both nations the intentions were peaceful.
1929 - The first of Howard P. Lovecraft's screen adaptations of Edgar Allen Poe stories hits the big screen to critical acclaim and good box office returns. It is also his directorial debut. Though often withdrawn and introspective, he has an uncanny knack for getting his players to express the darker side of human nature.
1929:Jonathan James Bush is born. He inmediately proves to be the athlete of the family and proves friendly and popular. He also proved to be obsessed with maintaining his popularity, and often strays away from confrontation to do it. He proves to be a bad singer, unlike his brothers and father.
January 1929 - New York Governor Theodore Roosevelt Jr. is named by President Al Smith as his new Secretary of the Interior.
January 1929: George Welles leaves Columbia to work as communications and PR advisor to several national congressmen.
January 1929: Though still practicing as a consultant, Hoover joins the faculty at Yale full tenure.
January 2nd, 1929 President Smith is inaugurated for the second time.
January 8th 1929- Argentina signs an agreement with the German aeronautical company Fokker to purchase 60 of their new fighters.
January 17th 1929- Italian Prime Minister Pasolini offers a volunteer force to help resolve the issue. Great Britain, Germany and Austria-Hungary issued some concerns but French and Russian support to the Italian decision diffused the situation.
February 1929: Smith presents a Civil Rights Initiative, and uses his political influence to help pass it through congress.
February 1929- Wang Jingwei, the left-leaning leader of the Populist Party, win the very close election for the Presidency of China after the incumbent Li Yaunhong decides to step down and not seek reelection for the position. Li Yaunhong's designated successor, the leader of the National Chinese Army Chiang Kai-Shek, was perceived by many voters as too authoritarian and that mainly swing the undecided votes in favor of Wang.
February 2-23, 1929 -- South Mexico hosts a Mexican Rugby international tournament; 5 American and 4 Caribbean teams show up to take on 15 South Mexican squads. The crowds are huge, and businessmen take over the tournament and make it an annual event, the culmination of the season for the various national amateur leagues.
February 18th 1929- After being reelected, President Smith announces that his campaign promise for a plebiscite in the Mexican Occupied territories will be a reality and it will be held at the end of the year.
March 1929: Democrats in the house amend the Civil Rights Initiative somewhat, but the essence of the bill remains. Huge segregation laws exists only in South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida while milder segregation acts are inacted for the rest of the South.
March 28th 1929- First Italian “volunteers” arrive to Spain.
April 1929- The lessons of the Russo-Ottoman War in regard to the infantry rifle were put under the microscope and finally under a directive of the Tsar Alexis himself the russian weapons designers Fedorov and his junior partner Simonov came up with a new weapon. That weapon, a selective fire gas operated 15 round rifle, was started into production by late 1931 and was called the AVS-32. The weapon needed a lot of maintenance and never fully replaced the Mosin-Nagant rifle in the Russian inventory. Still it was the model for the later self-loading and intermediate cartridge rifles of later.
April 7th 1929- Argentina and Germany sign a cooperation agreement, secret clauses included the shipment of small arms and instructors to help in the training of the Argentinian army.
April 8th 1929- Georgy Zhukov named commander of the Russian 7th Cavalry Brigade (motorized).
April 8th 1929- Josip Broz returns to his native Croatia after being abroad for close to six years.
April 9th 1929- Italian Navy lands forces in the Balearic Islands of Menorca and Mallorca, capturing them after a short fight.
April 10th 1929- Naval battle of Mallorca. The Spanish dreadnaught España is sunk by the Italian dreadnaughts Andrea Doria and Count Cavour while trying to ferry troops into the island. Both Italian ships suffered moderated damage and were forced to withdraw back to Italy. The Republican convoy was forced to turn back.
April 27th 1929- General Mola orders the start of an offensive to try to capture Madrid. The operation lasted thru the year until cancelled in October. Thousands died in the futile attempts to capture the city and ended in failure with the Monarchists forces just reaching the suburbs of the city.
May 4th 1929- General Balbo, commander of the Italian volunteers, leads his seven-division force as the left flank of the Andalusian front. His forces, supposed to be on the defensive, launched limited operations in the area that captured Cordova and supported the limited offensive of Francisco Franco that captured Granada.
May 8th 1929- President Smith offers to host a Naval Conference in New York to try slow down the ongoing naval race between Great Britain, Japan and themselves. All major nations agree to attend after some negotiations behind close doors.
May 17th 1929- Republican forces began operations to try to eliminate the Monarchist redoubt in Navarre.
May 29th 1929- France offers a loan to Monarchist Spain for the purchase of weapons.
June 5th 1929- Walther Christie agrees to sell the license to build his suspension in France and later in Italy.
June 18th 1929- Germany offers their services to mediate the conflict. Both sides refused, due to their beliefs that victory was certain and close.
Summer 1929 Famed artist and designer Adolph Hitler with several members of Austrian intelligentsia form a new party, The Pan-Teutonic Party. Its goals are to promote Tuetonic/German culture over all others, calling for the teaching of German culture and language in all parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, assimilation of non-Germans into German culture, citing acculturated Jews as success stories and counting several in their ranks, and eventual political union with the German Empire and Scandinavia.
June 24th 1929- United States offers to sell war material to the both sides on the conflict but only the Republican side agrees to. All sales were paid in cash and on delivery. Still the quality of the American small arms was proven, with the machineguns designed by Browning being highly sought additions by the Republican forces.
July 17th 1929- Envoys from eight nations arrive to New York to attend the Naval Conference proposed by US president Al Smith. Secretary of state Borah was the host and on his welcoming speech he spoke of "ending the vicious competation that will only ruin all our nations."
August 1st 1929- Argentinian worker activist Kurt Gustav Wilkens Assassinates General Héctor Varela with a bomb.Rumors are he was a member of the Unión Cívica Radical.
August 4th 1929- Argentina's army commander Felix Uriburu declares an state of emergency after the assasination of president Varela. In essence he launched a bloodless coup and jumped the constitutional means for the succesion of the President. Riots occurred thru Argentina but he was able to defeat opposition.
August 7, 1929 -- Moon Station, the Pennsylvania Railroad's first airport and the new "hub" for its Pittsburgh-area trains, opens.
September 2nd 1929- The German and Dutch Navy decides to standardize their torpedo size to 21 in any further Submarines.
September 2, 1929 -- The sprawling campus of Mellon University opens. Its classical dual focus -- liberal arts and theoretical science -- provides a nice complement to Pittsburgh's other major private school, Carnegie Institute of Technology, with its eclectic dual focus on engineering and dramatic arts.
September 21st 1929- Pamplona falls to Republican forces. Monarchist bastion in Navarre is eliminated. Thousands of refuges flee across the border to France.
October 1929- Joe Jackson retires after close to twenty years on the majors. Jackson, an outfielder for the Saints, Blue Socks and finally the Yankees, retired with a .339 lifetime average and over 3500 career hits.
October 1929- Gabby Harnett traded to the Chicago Cubs in a multiplayer deal.
October 1st 1929- Conference almost fails due to Italian refusal to stop the construction of their planned "fast battleships" and their threats of leaving the Conference if forced to do so. The actions of US secretary of state Borah and the German envoy Gustav Stresemann saved the Conference, with Germany leaning over the Austrian-Hungarian representatives to accept the Italians request and Borah running the floor to convince the other delegates to also accept this. He was forced to make some concessions, like canceling the Montana class to placate the British delegates and to accept that all ships under construction been allowed to be finished to placate the Japanese and the Russians.
October 1st to 7th 1929- In a repeat of the World Series of the year before the Pittsburgh Pirates beat the New York Yankees again, this time 4 games to 2. The revelation of the Pittsburgh team was the young Joe Foxx (.351-32-125), who in his first chance to play in a regular basis was an offensive juggernaut for the Pittsburgh team.
October 11th 1929- Port of Cartagena captured by forces under Francisco Franco. Republican commander Sanjurjo began to move troops south to try to stop the advancing Army of Andalucia.
October 19th 1929- Murcia is captured by the advancing Monarchists. Front seems to be unraveling in front of the Monarchist advance.
October 31st 1929- The recent arrival of reinforcements stopped the advancing Army of Andalucia near the city of Alicante. Both forces were exhausted and began to dig in.
November 1929: Rick Gatling is elected Senator from Texas.
November 1929: Cabot-Lodge Jr. is appointed to fill a space of a retired Boston City Council member due to his family name recognition.
November 3rd 1929- The proposed plebiscite proposed for the occupied Mexican territories was almost canceled but President Smith decided to continue after his Chief of Staff assured him the Mexican Army was no match for US arms and troops are moved into the area for “maneuvers” as a deterrent.
November 9th 1929- Italians capture the island of Ibiza, completing their capture of the Balearic Islands.
November 18th 1929- A small “volunteer” force of Russians arrive to the port of Malaga. Composed mainly of armored cars and aircrafts, the unit was very important during operations on the coming year.
November 18th 1929- With negotiations going well, the two last ships of the Montana class super-dreadnaughts are cancelled, with the two hulls already laid down waiting for a possible future use.
December 1929: Franklin D. Roosevelt is hired by contract to the Hearst foundation, desperate to keep their hold on Hollywood. Roosevelt has invested much of his earnings into purchasing the rights to release old films, which were viewed as largely worthless at the time. Now that TV can easily broadcast these classics, the AW's programming is quickly dominated by the movie industry. Other stations cannot keep up with this move, and NBC begins to lose ratings.
December 3rd 1929- Polls close in the Occupied Mexican Territories. After close to a week of counting the votes and a recount in Chihuahua, the results are announced. Baja California, Sonora and Chihuahua asked to join the United States while Coahualia,Nuevo Leon and Taumalipas decided to form their own nation.
December 9th 1929- Italian Prime Minister Pasolini declares the members of the volunteer force “heroes of the Italian Kingdom and that thousands are willing to join them to end that struggle.” Afterwards he announced enough men have asked to “volunteer” that three more divisions are being raised for service in Spain.
December 17th 1929- Michael Collins and David Lloyd George elected Prime Minister of Ireland and Great Britain after the King asked Griffiths and Chamberlain to disbands their governments in response to the ongoing irregular war in Ulster. Both men announced they will meet to discuss how to reach a peaceful solution to the bloodshed.
December 18th 1929- British military intelligence experts report the increase in the size of the forces fighting in Spain as “incredible.” The experts stated that from three divisions each at the beginning of the conflict now both sides field over 20 divisions, without including the Italian force. They stated “this is the most destructive conflict since the end of the Russo-German War in 1915. It's even bigger than the Russo-Ottoman War.”
December 29th 1929- Spanish Republican President Azaña in a speech ask the "socialist workers of the world to join the struggle for the survival of the only true socialist nation in the world." He also announced the formation of two divisions composed entirely from French emigres. While they have been serving from the beginning of the conflict, the creation of this units infuriated France. Composed mainly of refugees of the losing side of the French Civil War, they were mainly socialist and enemies of France.
1930 - A small influx of Indian immigrants wishing to live in a free and independent state has nearly doubled the population of the Republic of Guiana.
January 1930: Hemingway, the most recognised name in the Pulitzer organisation, though far from a major investor, is named honorary chairmen. Here for the first time he comes into conflict with Joe Kennedy. He believes that Kennedy's news programming is too exagerated. He accuses him of being a yellow journalist out to make a story interesting. Hemingway is unable to kick out such a major investor.
January 2nd 1930- President Orozco of Mexico announced a "volunteer" force will leave for Spain at the end of the month as a response to Azaña's plea.
January 18th 1930- Italian "volunteer"force, supported by the Russians, launched an attack that surprised the Republicans by the speed of the forces involved. The Italians requisitioned enoughs trucks to mount two divisions to keep up with the Russian armored cars. By the first week of February they surrounded Valencia. All military observers reported the battle but all nations reached different conclusions to the outcome.
January 18th 1930- Adolph Hitler II is commissioned in the Austro-Hungarian army and posted to the Italian border.
January 19th 1930- South Mexican President Zapata response to the increase in the Mexican military was to announce an increase to the size of his armed forces as well. This was the beginning of the Mexican Cold War that lasted until the end of the Global War.
January 26th 1930- Puerto Rico’s president Iglesias-Pantin announces that “his nation will respond to the plea of the mother country to defeat an illegal force bound in defeating the government elected by her workers.” A small volunteer force, led by Lt. Colonel Albizu-Campos, began to prepare for service in Spain with the agreement they were going to be issued new weapons on their arrival.
January 27th 1930- After some backdoor dealing with United Fruit General Cortés Vargas stages a successful coup in Colombia. United Fruit is given total control over all of Colombian banana and plantains plantations.
January 27, 1930 -- Freddy Ball and Barbie Davis have their first hit movie on Joseph Kennedy's RKO label, "That's Not Ladylike."
Febuary 1930: Almost at the brink of bankrupcy, the UV hires as many third rate writers and directors to try to create cheap original programming because they can't afford movies. Westerns and slap stick comedies prove popular, especially in the rural areas where the Freemans Journal has the greatest influence.
February 6th 1930- Dr Albert Fono applies for a patent for a new jet propulsion engine working on a ramjet principle.
March 8, 1930-The Academy of Film Workers holds the first-ever Motion Picture Awards ceremony. Set designer and AFW president Cedric Gibbons designs the award to resemble a narrator about to deliver the opening lines.
March 10th, 1930-Enormous oil deposits are found in the Libyan desert. It is the beginning of the "Libyan Oil Rush": businesses rush to claim and extract the oil, and tens of thousands of unemployed people, mostly Algerian Arabs, come seeking well-paying jobs.
March 12th 1930- Marshal Hermes da Fonseca Openly decrees that he no longer backs the coffee oligarchy's backed goverment of Bernardes. Issueing a telegraph to all commanders "that they should act according to their consciences for what what is best for there country"
March 12 1930 President Gomez and John D. Rockefeller, Jr make plans to Bring Venezuelan oil under the sole control of Standard Oil.
March 14th 1930- Valencia surrenders after a short siege.
March 21st 1930- Lt. Colonel Dwight Eisenhower arrives to La Coruña to observe the war.
March 26th 1930- President Arias of the Dominican Republic again invites his counterparts from Cuba and Puerto Rico for a meeting in La Romana to discuss the growing size of the Haitian Gendarmerie and the continued chaos in that nation.
March 28th 1930- Treaty of New York is signed by the delegates of Great Britain, United States, Japan, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Sweden and Russia. A moratorium of five years in the construction of new dreadnaughts and battlecruisers was imposed but all ships already laid down will be allowed to be completed. After five years the only new constructions will be to replace old ships, to ensure the numbers stay constant. No new ship would have a gun over 16" or weight over 40,000 tons. All signatories were allowed to build ships for other navies as long as those ships are not armed with guns heavier than 14" and weight over 35,000 tons. Except for the two hulls allowed to the US, no other aircraft carrier will weight over 30,000 tons. Cruisers, both heavy and light, also suffered a five year moratorium. No mention was given to submarines.
April 1930: As city councilmen, Cabot-Lodge begins to shine as a reformer. He starts to work directly with business to try to improve labor-owner relations, following Smith's belief that co-operation works better then unionization for both parties concerned. His high profile and background wins support for reform meassures from old-guard Republicans in Boston. He continues to write for Pulitzer.
April 18th 1930- Partition was finally decided as the only solution to end the conflict. The last four counties with a protestant majority will be separated from Ireland and administrated from London. The solution was received with protests in Ireland but Collins stated that "it was the only solution or this war was going to last forever." He also stated that the war, lasting close to eight years now, was a drain to the Irish economy and needed to be ended. "Close to 25% of the nation''s budget is going to this bloody war and our people is falling behind the rest of the Empire due to this."
April 22nd 1930- In a surprise attack, fifteen French divisions poured over the Spanish border.
May 8th 1930- San Sebastian falls to the advancing French, using sheer numbers to push the basques west. Baptism of fire to Puerto Rican volunteers.
May 10th 1930- Pamplona is captured by the advancing French. The French are received as liberators by the Navarrese.
May 17th 1930- David ben Gurion returns to Palestine and began to work for his dream of a Jewish Homeland.
May 28th 1930- French troops meet with advancing Monarchist forces in Navarre. The Republic divided in two.
June 1930: The Cabot-Lodge Educational Reform Bill is passed in the Boston City Council and is approved by the school boards. It creates a new much more equal public school system which would serve as a model for all major urban educational systems for years to come.
June 2nd 1930- General Sanjurjo uses the French Socialist Divisions as core to stop the French forces moving in the direction of Barcelona, still the French achieved air superiority over Catalonia.
June 12th 1930- The first British production landship, the A1, is delivered to the Army. A five turreted giant running in tracks, the main gun was a 2 pounder in the main turret with one vicker machinegun in the other turrets. Armor was 28mm and can reach a max speed of 20mph.
July 31st 1930- Monarchist General Mola launches another attack to capture Madrid.
August 11th 1930- Bilbao falls to the French. Mexican volunteers cited by French officers for their excellent performance as rivals.
August 22nd 1930- Zaragosa surrenders to Monarchist forces. Situation is getting desperate in the Mediterranean coast.
August 29th 1930- Naval battle of Barcelona. French ships sunk the Spanish dreadnaught Republica after a three hour battle. The Spanish ship gave good account of itself, damaging three French capital ships before going down.
September 8th 1930- Leo Szilard calls the process discovered by the Germans in 1924 a chain reaction, a term borrowed from chemistry. He also discovered that indeed uranium was the best element to try to get the process now being called nuclear fission by both Germans and Austrian physics.
September 8th 1930- Bela Ferenc Blasko promoted to the rank of General and given the command of the 14th Honved Division. A well-respected officer in the Austro-Hungarian army, he was considered a little bit too cruel by many in the General Staff but also a man that gets results.
September 19th 1930- German General Staff considers they made the right choice after studying the results of the battle of Valencia, where Italian troops used trucks to keep up with Russian armored cars. The German army have more motorized divisions than any nation in the world and three more divisions were ordered to be changed to motorized. Still the lack of landships was noted and plans were made to study the foreign designs to decide on the best approach. But for now units began to be issued heavy caliber rifles to counter the possible Russian threat.
October 1st to 7th 1930- The New York Yankees win their first World Series since 1926 after three consecutive losses 4 games to 2 over the Chicago Cubs. With the dynamic duo of batting and ribbie champ Al Szymanski (.389-38-165) and homerun leader George Ruth (.354-51-152) the Yankees dominated the regular season and winning the Series easily, winning their four games by a combined score of 36-6.
October 7th 1930- Madrid falls to forces under General Mola. King moves back to the city a week later. Azaña escapes to Barcelona.
October 12th 1930- Italy signs secret treaties with both France and Russia.
November 1930: Swing is re-elected Governor of California.
November 1930: Henry Cabot-Lodge Jr. is re-elected city council member.
November 1930- Iglesias-Pantin wins a four consecutive term as president of Puerto Rico. He’s considered by modern historians as the real “Father of Puerto Rico”, his sixteen years in power shaping the future of the island.
November 8th 1930- French military leader recognized the possibilities presented by the Battle of Valencia and decided to create three motorized infantry divisions to accompany the proposed landships divisions.
November 19th 1930- Both France and Italy declare a blockade of the Catalonian coast.
November 23rd 1930- Italian "volunteer" force, with the Russians attached to them, meet with French forces in Aragon sealing Catalonia.
December 8th 1930- Great Britain began to organize the first landship division in the world. They consider their landship, the A1, to be a nice counter to the fast Russian designs.
December 18th 1930- Mexican president Orozco orders his forces to move to La Coruña to return to Mexico. He stated that "Mexican honor and valor has been proven to the world."
1931- Clinton Anderson builds a home in Sonora. He would also founds the first radio station in the area, it would support both English and Spainsh programing.
1931: In New York The Castellemarese War began, started by Joe Masseria. Around 65 people are killed. Among them is an ally of Maranzano, Tommy Lucchese, and Charles Luciano, one of Masseria's top men, who was stabbed in the throat after being beaten severely when he refused to join Maranzano. Masseria is eventually cornered and killed in a cafe. Maranzano then proclaims himself boss of all bosses and divided the structure of the New York Mafia into five families, each with a capo in charge. Eventually, Maranzano gets tired of a number of his subordinates that are "Young Turks." Frank Costello and Vito Genovese are shortly assassinated after this
January 27th 1931- Santander fall to the advancing Monarchists forces. Chaos is ensuing in the Republican forces in the north and the end is considered to be near.
January 29th 1931- Leida falls to French forces. French forces continue an advance in the direction of Barcelona from the West and the north while Spanish monarchists forces are advancing from the South.
February 6th 1931- Puerto Rico’s small volunteer force is ordered by their government to La Coruña to return home. They served for close to a year in the Basque and Asturian Front, receiving commendations and medals.
February 11th 1931- Tarragona falls to the new formed Army of Catalonia under Franco.
February 13th 1931- Gijon falls to the advancing Army of the North under Mola. Two days later Oviedo is captured. The scenes of refugees fleeing west and the capture of Oviedo by advancing troops were filmed by a British crew with a movie camera and their film was the first war scenes ever viewed on TV.
February 24th 1931- Mexican government agrees to purchase small arms and artillery from Japan to equip the new-formed units.
February 25th 1931- The scenes from Asturias are showed on the BBC TV station. Still at this time TV is only a new toy for the wealthy, not being as accesible to acquire as the radio.
March 11th 1931-French forces capture Terrasa and artillery can be hear in Barcelona.
March 13th 1931- Azaña and his cabinet ask for asylum on the British Consulate and Sanjurjo negotiates for the surrender of the remaining forces in Catalonia before also entering the Consulate.
March 20th 1931- The German Navy starts to lay down the Type V U-boat.It is 240ft long about 1200 tons has a top speed of18 kts and a range of 15000mi at 12 knots. It's armed with six 21 inch tubes, four fore and two stern and carries 16 torpedos. One 8.8cm gun and two twin 3.7cm AA guns are also carried on deck. It's intended to be standard Submarine for all the German states.
April 2nd 1931- Pope Gregory XVII dies of appendicitis.
April 7th 1931- Last remaining forces in Galicia surrender to the advancing Monarchists. War is considered over on this date but guerilla activity will continue in the north for the next couple of years.
April 17th 1931- In an historic accord signed in the city of Santiago the presidents of the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico and Cuba agreed to cooperate in all issues relevant to the Caribbean, to support each other if necessary and to build a new trade organization to further expand their products into the world markets.
April 29th 1931- Pietro Gasparri elected by the Cardinals as a compromise Pope after sixteen ballots went thru with no clear winner. He took the name of Clement XV.
May 1, 1931 - American settlements in Tamaulipas refuse to evacuate in preparation for the handover of power to the new nation.
May 10th 1931- Stafford Cripps found the Socialist League, composed largely of left-wing members of the Labour Party.
May 12th 1931- United States responded to the Japanese sale of military equipment is to announce a massive sale of military gear to the South Mexico and the creation of a three-division size army in the Commonwealth of Rio Grande.
May 17th 1931- Secretary of the Interior Theodore Roosevelt Jr. attends the ceremony in Monterey that gave the three former occupied territories their independence.
May 18, 1931 - American settlers actively resist attempts by the Republic of Rio Grande to institute a their institutions over their small areas of the state.
June 1931: A Berg opera is performed in Paris to incredibly bad reviews. One of the singers was attacked after the opening night because of the Pan-Germanic themes suggested in the piece.
June 1931 - First live broadcast of a speech by the Tsar on television. His image has become familiar in cities across the Russian Empire from movie footage of his speeches, but at least for the small but growing middle class of the Empire as well as the affluent upper class, there is something electrifying about seeing the Tsar and hearing his voice in their own home.
June 3, 1931 Quentin Roosevelt takes a heavily modified version of his company's newest military airplane design on a non-stop solo flight across the Atlantic from New York, USA to London, England. As the first man to do so, he is celebrated as a hero in both nations and throughout the world.
August 1931: After huge success in politics George Welles, still in his early 20s, founded a political PR firm.
August 1931: The Hanslow International Airport is built in Santa Fe, with the support of Senator Frederick Hanslow. This was the first major airport in the south west. The airport helps boost the New Mexican economy, and Santa Fe became the largest commercial power in the region.
August 12th 1931- The military backed forces of Moreima capture the States of Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais ending the reign of the coffee oligarchy and the civil war.
October 1931: Poor farmers, with the support of several new money southernors burn down a plantation near Mobile. They receive lots of coverage, some of it positive. They are painted as heroes by both the editorial section of both the Hearst Foundation and the Freemens Journal.
October 1st to 10th 1931- In the first so-called “Subway Series” ever, the Brooklyn Superbas beat the New York Yankees 4 games to 3. Led by power hitters Tommy Ott (.297-29-113) and Jim Bottomley (.343-22-100) the Superbas won the division by five games and when on to beat the Yankees in one of the most exciting Series so far in history. With all games decided by one run and two of them in extra innings, it was also the first Series shown on Television.
October 13 1931 Following the civil war and the destruction of its main cash crop, the Southern Brazil coffee planter turn to a new product, hemp.The Northern sugarcane growers are wary about this new crop and only use a small portion of their available fields to grow it till their cane matures.
1932- By this time all major nations have MWD equipment in every major capital ships. Them the next revolution was started when transistors were used to create more efficient MWD sets and smaller.
Democratic National Convention 1932: Colby is the front runner coming into the convention, and the Populists lack the financial support to topple him. Major Populists leaders such as Wheeler or Hanslow refuse to run on the ticket. In the end Robert Cochran, moderate Populist governor from Nebraska, is nominated as the vice presidential canidate.
Republican National Convention, 1932: Smith remains popular among the eastern urban poor, and had gained the respect of much of the eastern middle-class. Though the former Progressives tended to like Smith's economic policies, they believed that the current Republican Party lack true understanding of the needs of west-coast citizens. There is also some resentment against having another east-coast politician. To avoide a schism the convention nominates California Governor Phil Swing. George Cabot-Lodge is named as the Vice Presidential candidate mainly to appeal to traditional conservative Republicans and for name recognition.
February 4-20, 1932 -- The Mobile Home Boys not only become the first American team to win a game at the International Mexican Rugby Touranment, they win the entire tournament. In a chain reaction, several other teams at the tournament go pro to try to lock up the other stars for next year's game.
February 7th 1932- France began production of their Christie based landship, the Char d'Assult 1 or CA1 for short. A light tracked vehicle with a 13mm armor protection, their main armament was a 37mm gun and a machine gun. Very fast, 53 mph on the road and 38 off-road, was perfect for the French operational procedures.
Feb 20 1932 General José Félix Benito Uriburu Dies suddenly from illness. Vice President Enrique Santamarina and General Agustín Pedro Justo Rolón Via for control of the Country.
February 26th 1932- Paul Schimdt begins work on a functional pulse jet engine.
March 8th 1932-Flight Lt Frank Whittle produces a small working model for a Centrifugal compressor jet turbine engine and a workable thesis for a more advanced axial compressor
March 15th 1932- British engineer and automaker Sidney Hortsman develops a new idea for of heavy suspension.The army asks him to see if he could incorporate to be used on their landships.The system uses coil-springs and has the advantages of a relatively long travel and, consisting of a self-contained boogie that is bolted to the hull, causing little or no encroachment on internal hull space. In addition, the entire suspension unit may be relatively easily removed and replaced if damaged.
March 15 1932- The first fields of hemp are planted in the once booming coffee fields of Sao Paulo.
March 19th 1932- After two years of preliminary experimentation,Dr Albert Fono tests a working ramjet engine.
April 1932: La Follete Jr. steps forward and sponsors several pro-Swing infrastructure resolutions, some of which passes due to the senator's influence. Though there were proposed operations in all regions, there was a clear preference for projects in the upper mid-west.
April 18th 1932- Brigadier General Manfred von Richthofen is recalled from Poland and giving the command of all air assets in Saxony.
May 1 1932 Alexander Palmer announces his candidacy for the Democratic Nomination for President.
May 31, 1932 - Exhausted by the problems in Tamaulipas, the new President of the Commonwealth of Rio Grande calls for the President of the United States to move in the army.
June 7th 1932- Erwin Rommel named commander of the 20th Motorized Division.
June 13th 1932- Two US divisions, the 2nd Cavalry and the 4th Infantry are moved into the Commonwealth of Rio Grande to help in the control of US citizens’ troublemakers.
June 28, 1932 - The Commonwealth of Massachusetts takes over the BERy system after several problems are noted in the corporate structure. As part of the deal, the Grand Junction trackage is purchased.
July 1932: Colby fails to directly address the agricultural crisis, campaigning more in the west-coast inner cities. Many Populists view him as a sell out trying to appeal as a successor to Smith, and using the Equality League for promotion. The Grange refuses to endorse Colby. The Populist League considers taking similar action, but declines because Swing seems just as unappealing, and a break from the party line.
July 3rd 1932- British began organizing their second landship division, this one being named the Middle East Landship Division and being based in Egypt. Experts like Fuller consider the landship as “naturally made for the open terrains of the desert.”
July 4, 1932 - After increasing tensions over border disputes between Chile and Argentina, war breaks out between the two nations. Germany pledges significant material support to the Argentines, while the USA does the same for Chile.
July 9th 1932- Chilean troops cross into Patagonia, launching a surprise attack due to the terrible weather going on in the area. While attacks were launched in the Andes to tie Argentinean troops, the Chileans continued their advance thru the snow.
July 15th 1932- Colombia declares neutrality in the conflict on the continent.Stating that it has no interest in joining the war.
July 22nd 1932- Rio Grande surrenders to the Chileans. Two days later Ushuaia also surrenders.
August 14, 1932 -- Pennsylvania Railroad, Eastern Airlines, and Air Canada all begin landing flights in Boston's airport and offering direct connections to the BERy. The man behind the deal, Massachusetts politician Leverett Saltonstall, rises greatly in prominence and begins to be mentioned as a Senate candidate.
August 1932: Colby campaigns for a few days in Harlem and other black communites. Though many traditional Populist are anti-racist, the League sees that they have the opportunity to carry the south if they did run a candidate. The near dead Populist Party recieves new funding from the league, which plans a convention to be held in Lincoln.
August 1, 1932 -- Freddy Ball gets his first crack at writing and holding down a star role. The result is "How I Became a Werewolf." At the time, the film is hailed mainly for bringing witty writing to the usually rote genre of horror films. Only decades later do most people catch on that the teenaged Cain Howler's transformation into a werewolf is an elaborate metaphor for Ball's closeted homosexuality.
August 18th 1932- Santa Cruz falls to the Chileans but the arrival of reinforcements stopped the advancing troops before reaching Puerto Deseado and Comodoro Rivadavia.
September 1932: Senator Gatling endorses Wheeler for president, recognising him as a man with the people's interest at heart. However Gatling is not a full Populist, differing with Wheeler on several issues, especially in foreign policy. Gatling remains basically a Hearst Democrat, and refuses to campaign for such a Progressive candidate as Colby.
September 1932: The Pan-American Foundation celebrates its 10,000th scholarship. Foundation offices in New Orleans have also become something of a home-away-from-home for the small but growing community of Latino intellectuals in the USA, especially Afro-Latinos, who consider New Orleans an island of paradise in a world of racism.
September 1932 - Former Virginia Governor and Senator Harry F. Byrd receives the Democratic Nomination for President of the United States of America.
September 4th 1932: Populist National Convention is held. Former Vice President and Populist leader Burton Wheeler shows interest. No primaries were held due to lack of time, so there was no chosen leader. Many speculated that Hanslow would try to take the nomination, but Hanslow declines to attend the convention, stating that he was needed in Washington. It was understood that he wished to distance himself from the Populist movement, believing that the Democratic Party was the only way he would ever have a chance for a national office. Wheeler is the most recognised name on the ballot, mostly consisting on favorite sons. He wins by the 5th ballot. He nominates Harry Byrd, a southern Populist, as the vice-presidential candidate. Race relations are not mentioned in the platform.
September 12th 1932- Reginald J. Mitchell Blackburn M-2 racer sets a new absolute speed record of 408 mph and wins the Schneider Trophy for the second year in a row.The event draws interest from the the Royal Air Force.Blackburn and Mitchell are asked to design a fighter based on the M-2.
September 18th 1932- The Valparaiso and the Almirante La Torre cross the Magellan straits and port in Santa Cruz. Chileans also began to run raids from Santa Cruz to try to stop the commerce going to Argentina.
October 1932: Arthur Vandenburg refuses to recognize Swing as a candidate. He claims that both parties have nominated radicals, and briefly considers starting his own party. After Hoover shows no intrest he drops the idea.
October 1932: Colby makes several radio and TV appearances, in which he appears weak in comparison to other candidates. He fails to sway almost any of the Progressive vote from Swing. He makes a last gasp attempt to appease the Populists, who show very little interest this late in the campaign. Most of Colby's support comes from extreme elements of the Equality League, and some of the deep south unwilling to break party loyalty.
October 1st to 9th 1932- The Yankees beat the Cincinnati Reds 4 games to 2. Led by pitching revelation Max Gomez who won 25 games with a 2.78 ERA plus the hitting of George Ruth (.341- 40-134) and Al Szymanski (.327-37-152) the Yankees won the pennant by one game over the Washington Senators and continued that dominance into the World Series. On this season Major League Baseball announced an annual award to honor what should be considered the leading player in each League. The first recipient of the Leadership Award in the Continental League was George Ruth while in the National League it was Pittsburgh first baseman Joe Foxx that led his team to a third place finish but only four games out of first place.
October 3rd 1932- Niels Bohr published his discoveries in regard to what is now called nuclear fission.
October 9th 1932- Argentina’s offensive in the Andes fails after only making minimal gains. The war began to turn into a static one due to the lack of resources to break the impasse.
October 10th 1932- Stafford Cripps and associates create a newspaper, the Tribune, to be used as mouthpiece for the Socialist League.
October 19th 1932- Battle of the Maldivas. A Chilean naval victory. The 25th of Mayo was sunk and the two Rivadavia dreadnaughts were damaged and forced to withdraw after intercepting the Chilean task force near the islands. The Valparaiso suffered severe damage and was forced to return to Chile for repairs but the Almirante La Torre superior guns made the difference in the battle while suffering minimal damage that was repaired in Santa Cruz. Still the raids to Argentinean commerce stopped for a while.
November 1932: Phil Swing is elected President of the United States. Colby performers very poorly, only carrying Wisconsin, Minesota, South Carolina, Georgia, and Missisipi. Wheeler comes in second in both the electoral and the Popular votes, but Swing wins a little over 63% of the popular vote.
November 1932- Alvaro Obregon elected to the Sonoran Territorial Senate as a Populist. A respected figure by both Anglos and Hispanics, continued his career as first governor of Sonora and later as a US Senator for his home state of Sonora until his dead.
November 1932 -- McKinley "Double Duty" Radcliffe, a star quarterback who also plays free safety, organizes the first pro Mexican Rugby team, in response to the embarassing fate of the American amateur squads at the first 4 international tournaments. The Mobile Home Boys hire Jeb "The Herman Ruth of Rugby" Gibson, Jerry Hairston, and James "Buck" O'Neil.
November 1932- Roberto “Tio Beto” Diaz Leon wins a third term in Cuba but all semblance of legality was pretty much gone. The thugs of the DSB, in English the Directorate of Security and Welfare, attacked political meetings of other parties while permissions for political rallies were also very difficult to be issued to opposition parties. During his second term Diaz-Leon continued his modernization campaign in Cuba while the economy continued to grow. In the international front he received with open arms the refugees from the Spanish Civil War while achieving the important Santiago Accord with Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic.
November 1932: Cabot-Lodge Jr. is elected a state senator for Massachusetts. He continues the same reform based agenda he started in Boston.
November 7th 1932- Using the Bohr article as a base, the Italian Institute of Physics creates a team under Enrico Fermi to further study the possibilities of nuclear fission.
December 17-24, 1932 -- National Volcanic Parks Service geologists Nelson Horatio Darton and Frederick Leslie Ransome have the fortune to be stationed at Lassen National park in California during a series of minor eruptions in the Chaos Crags, coinciding with a 7.2 Richter earthquake at Cedar Mountain, NV. The result is the most detailed collection of data on a minor volcanic event ever. Their resultant paper for Journal of Geology, "Volcanic Events and Continental Drift," represented a major advance in tectonic plate theory.
1933- Attempts to amend the 1917 Drug Laws fails to gain the necessary votes in the House and the Senate. Many blamed the large lobbies as guilty for this failure while others observed the revenues acquired by the sale of drugs were a substancial part of the current budget and their elimination could affect the ability of the government to run the nation. While many influential men like Hemingway were in favor of full prohibition at the end the revenues won the day.
1933 - With the overrunning of Belgium by the surprise attack of the French, pre-placed cells of Wallonian revolutionaries become active. One catches the Belgian Royal family in their attempt to flee the oncoming French and guns them down in the name of Wallonia.
1933 George Samuel Clason is elected to represent California's 14th Congressional District.
1933 - Saint-Pierre and Miquelon are occupied by British troops.
1933:William Henry Trotter Bush is born.
1933- Naval War Caribbean- The war here started fairly early, with the destruction of the French Caribbean Squadron on the middle of June. With the elimination of this threat the British considered the area secured and moved the ships in the area to other stations.
1933-Naval War Pacific-As in the Caribbean, this conflict was almost one sided. The commander of the French Far East Squadron is now considered to have committed a mistake in waiting too long to try to escape to safety. With the destruction of his forces on October 12th the Russian Far East Fleet was the only presence of the Triple Alliance on the area and they were too far to be of any importance for the time being.
1933-Naval War Indian Ocean- The French Red Sea Squadron escaped to the Indian Ocean in early May and dedicated itself to commerce raiding until the destruction of the light cruiser Primauguet near the Maldives by a squadron led by the British battlecruiser Tiger on December 8th. The other light cruiser, the Jules Michelet, made it to France in the middle of 1934. The arrival of the cruiser was a propaganda victory for the French and his captain was promoted to the rank of rear admiral as a reward for his actions.
1933- Naval War South Atlantic- The arrival of the British battlecruiser Squadron 1, composed of the Hood and her sister ship the Rodney (equivalent to OTL G3 battlecruisers), arrived to Comodoro Rivadavia on August 29th to ensure the commerce between Argentina and Great Britain continue without interruption. Chile protested this clear violation of neutrality but the British ships have orders of not fire except if attacked. US protested this also and British response was that their ships will be moved if the US ensures the commerce between Argentina and Great Britain runs without problems.
1933-Naval War Black Sea- The Black Sea was essentially a Russian lake after the remnants of the Ottoman fleet escaped to the Mediterranean. Only Ottoman patrol boats and, after their war declaration in November, the minuscule Georgian Navy resisted the Russian ships.
1933-Naval War Mediterranean Sea- All forces in the area stayed wary of each other for the year, with the French and Italians controlling the west and the center of the Sea while the British and their allies controlled the East. No major battles occurred during the year, but the British began to prepare themselves to contest the Mediterranean in 1934 with the arrival of reinforcements from the Far East late on the year.
1933-Naval War North Atlantic- The French surface fleet refused to contest the Atlantic after two of their commerce raider cruisers were destroyed fairly fast by the Royal Navy and the destruction of the French battle cruiser Bretagne on a chance encounter with the British battlecruisers Hanson and Howe (sisters ships to the Hood) near the coast of Spain convinced them to save the strength of the fleet. But the French decided to use their submarine fleet to try to curtain commerce to the British islands and Germany. At the time the French submarine strength was 60 short-range subs and 20 long range ones. They declared the North Sea and the waters around Great Britain as subject to interception of all merchant ships and the possibility of been sunk if merchant ships were found to be carrying war material and supplies to either Germany or Great Britain. While at the beginning the French tried to verify cargo, the threat of the Royal Navy forced them to start indiscriminate submarine warfare by November 1933.
1933- Naval War Baltic- The biggest battle between dreadnaughts occurred for the control of the Baltic on August 19th 1933. The whole Russian Baltic Fleet, led by seven dreadnaughts and two battlecruisers, faced the German High Seas Fleet, led by ten dreadnaughts and nine battlecruisers, in a three hour battle that shattered both forces but realistically gave the Russians the control of the Baltic. The Russian lost both their Borodino class battlecruisers and the Gangut, plus two other dreadnaughts suffered moderate damage while the Germans lost three battlecruisers and forced the Russians to withdrew. Still six German dreadnaughts suffered damage ranging from moderate to severe and the German High Seas Fleet refused to contest the Baltic again until 1935.
January 7th 1933- US Army pulls a mounted brigade each of the 1st and 2nd Cavalry divisions and replaces them with armored car brigades. The mounted brigades were used to activate the 3rd Cavalry division.
January10th 1933- President Gomez of Venezuela declares neutrality in the conflict in the continent.
Febuary 1933: To kick off his term, President Swing proposes serious anti-crime and anti-corruption legislation. Unlike similar moves in the Smith administration, this legislation does not only focus on large cities, but actually emphasises medium-seized cities and large towns. This appeals to Swing's west coast constituency, though is viewed as too little by many Populists.
February 1933: The American automobile market collapses, with Commonwealth, Markin, Maxwell, and Chrysler all going bankrupt. Studebaker swoops in and buys up all their assets, using the wide variety of factories to its advantage to become the first auto manufacturer to offer custom-building at prices that the average buyer could afford. The world-famous "Studebaker -- As You Wish" slogan emerges.
February 1933- Soong Tzu-Wen wins the Chinese presidential election in another close call election over the incumbent Wang Jingwei. A millionaire and Chairman of the Bank of China, he understood the advances made by his predecessor in regard to public welfare were too important to be dismissed and even when they were considered socialist by many in his cabinet he continued to subsidize those programs. He was the Chinese president during the Global War and is now considered a leader that united the different factions in China during that time of peril.
February 3rd 1933: Recently promoted Brigadier General George S. Patton is given command of the new armored car brigade in the 2nd Calvary Division.
February 7th 1933- The two former Montana class, now named the USS Cowpens and USS Bunker Hill, are commissioned as the biggest aircraft carriers in the world. Carrying over 80 aircrafts each, their only drawback was their slow speed of 25 knots.
March 1933: As an attempt to finally get through to the rural vote, Swing meets with major congressmen from both parties in an attempt to draw up The Bureau of Rural Benefit and Enahancement. He purposefully includes Wheeler, and even brings in Bryan for part of the conference. Very little common ground is found, and the final bill pleases few. Senator Hanslow ends up supporting the bill, stating that he is pleased to see that the government is at least trying to do something. Many criticize him, saying that he is only doing this because he's given up on the seemingly dead Democratic Party, and is looking to join up with the Progressive Republicans.
March, 1933: Fearing that the Democratic Party is falling apart, major party leaders encourage Wilkie, who they view as a popular unifying figure, to run for the Senate in his home state of Indiana. Wilkie hesitantly agrees, and most view this as a sign that he may have future presidential aspirations.
March 18th 1933- Hans von Ohain, a student at the Unversity of Goettingen, successfully test a turbojet engine called Strahltriebwerk 1.He goes off to find financial support to further develop his work.
March 25th 1933- First operational use of US armored cars. Used in the patrolling of the Commonwealth of Rio Grande by the 2nd Cavalry Division. Their imposing appearance is called by many one of the reasons of the reduction of “events” between American settlers and troops.
April 1933: The Bureau of Rural Benefit and Enhancement is stopped by the Senate. Though the Populists did not fully support the bill, they still take this as an excuse to further complain about US neglect of plains communities. Swing draws up a far reaching improvements programming focusing almost exclusively on rural areas. It includes irrigation projects, and over 30 new dams, especially on the west coast and in the Tennessee Valley. Instead of making them federal, he makes them joint business and governent ventures.
April 1933: At Frederich Hanslow's strong encouragement, New Mexico re-aranges is election laws to provide for a devided electoral college.
April 1933- General Davis directed the Ethiopian attack on Djibuti.
April 1st 1933- David Lloyd George has to step down as Prime Minister of Great Britain due to health. Conservative Winston Churchill elected Prime Minister after recall elections.
April 6th 1933- Heinz Guderian named commander of the 13th Motorized Division.
April 10th 1933- In a attempt to try and stop the sinking of their ships by French subs the British started work on a new depth charge as the current ones are considered to be of limited effect.
Summer 1933- West front. The French forces surprised the German General Staff launching a simultaneous attack combined with the Russians on May 8th 1933. The French Motorized Corps, composed of three landship divisions and three truck-borne infantry divisions, advanced north thru the Ardennes while some forces hold the Germans in place in Alsace-Lorraine. But the decision to invade Belgium brought Great Britain into the war and by the end of the summer the combined forces of the BEF and the IEF helped in stopping the advancing tide on the Rhine.
Summer 1933- American Front- The war finally reached the Caribbean on the middle of June, when British naval forces defeated the French navy Caribbean Squadron, composed of a light cruiser and some smaller units, near Guadalupe and followed that with landings in every single French Caribbean island colony. By the end of the month all islands were under British control. United States protested but the British assured the US government the move wasn’t permanent. Still negotiations began between both nations to resolve this.
Summer 1933- Asia- The war in the Pacific was very similar to the one in the Caribbean, except here the Australians and New Zealanders captured the islands of French Polynesia fairly easily. By the end of June Australians were in command of Tahiti and the other French colonies in the area. On the other hand, China joined the war almost immediately and while they have small border clashes with the Russians in Mongolia and Sin kiang they actually launched offensive operations against the French forces in Indochina, capturing almost all of Tonkin by the end of June but they suffered terrible casualties in the process. The Chinese had over 20 divisions trained by the Germans but they feared more the Japanese and the Russians so the forces used in Indochina were of lower quality.
Summer 1933- Middle East. All thru the summer the forces in the area put their troops in a high state of alert but they stayed neutral. Still small border clashes occurred in Persia and in Mesopotamia between Russians and British in Persia and between Ottomans and Russians in Mesopotamia.
Summer 1933- Africa- War started almost immediately in East Africa, were Ethiopia surprised everyone by declaring war to the French and capturing Djibouti in a surprise attack. On West Africa the war was confined to border clashes in Nigeria and German Equatorial Africa except by the capture of Sierra Leone and Gambia by French colonial forces. Also an invasion of Ghana was launched but by the end of June it was still an ongoing concern. The main operation of the summer in Africa was the Italian invasion of Egypt, which failed in their objective of capturing the area. By the end of June the frontlines followed a line running from Marsa Matruh all the way to the oasis in Siwa.
Summer 1933- Italian front- The war turned into a positional one due to the terrain. The Italian advance turned into a very slow and delivered one but it reality only the Austrian-Hungarian concerns of the situation in other fronts made possible the capture of Trento by the end of June. The borders changes in the area were minimal compared to the events in other parts of Europe.
Summer 1933- Balkan Front- The war didn’t reached the Balkans until the war declarations of Bulgaria and Romania against the Austro-Hungarian Empire in early June. While both nations by themselves were just a small threat to the Austrians, their declaration of wars combined with the attacks launched by the Italians and Russians put the Empire in a very difficult situation. By the end of the month one fifth of Transylvania was on the hands of the Romanian army while the Serbians and the Bulgarian were locked in mortal combat in the Macedonian Mountains. Greece declared their neutrality in the conflict but took over the defense of Salonika, dissolving the council that ruled the city since 1926 and putting the area under military rule for “the time being.”
Summer 1933- Eastern Front- The sheer size of the Russian attack shocked both the German and Austrian Empires. By the end of June the Kingdom of Belarus was no more, the Grand Duchy of the Baltics was almost gone except for Livonia, Bessarabia and the former Ukrainians lands were wrestled away from the Austrians and the front lines rested in the borders of Austria-Hungary and the Kingdom of Poland.
Summer (winter) 1933- South American front- The stalemate in the Chilean-Argentina War continued but this time the British began to put political pressure on both sides to reach an end to the hostilities. The shipment of grain and beef from Argentina were considered essential by the British government and they wanted to secure that supply line.
May 1933: Hearst publishes a widely publicized book called "Devision" where he talks about the end of the American political system and the absolute colapse of the Democratic party. It is incredibly pessimistic, though imploys some rather clever dry humour. It reveals several major political secrets about major politicians throughout the ages, including Cleavland, McKinely, Roosevelt, Bryan, MacArthur, Wheeler, and Smith. There is an entire chapter devoted to what a sham Ballinger was. Wilkie goes on radio and TV, publicly crticizing Heart's move, and gives a strong positive partisan vision of America. Both parties respect what Wilkie says. Swing even agrees to guest star of Wilkie's show.
May 1933- Spain announces they will stay neutral in the just starting conflict, but privately Spain’s sympathies laid on the French side.
May 7, 1933- The French battleship Normandie blows up in Brest with the loss of nearly her entire complement. Unstable nitrocellulose is the cause, although the navy claims that saboteurs were responsible.
May 8th 1933 - France and Russia launch an unprovoked surprise attack on the German Empire and her allies. The French and Russian assaults use combined arms and speed of movement to a breathtaking degree not seen in modern warfare prior to this date.
May 9th 1933- French forces cross the border into Belgium and continue their advance north. Great Britain gave a 48-hour ultimatum requesting the French to withdrew or else.
May 11th 1933- The Netherlands' legislature pass a motion supporting the war effort of the German Reich.
May 11th 1933- Odessa is surrounded by the Russians while they continue their advance west.
May 11th, 1933 -- The Ethiopian and Georgian Secretaries of State meet with their Greek counterpart in Athens to discuss what appears to be another Great War. They agree to not declare war on each other, and to inform the other of any diplomatic moves.
May 12th 1933- Great Britain and the nations of the British Empire declare war to France. British Prime Minister Churchill and Irish Prime Minister Collins announced they were raising expeditionary forces to serve in Europe.
May 12th 1933 -- The Ottomans learn of the negotiations in Athens. They frantically contact the "Greek Three" and the British in an effort to avoid being the odd man out.
May 13, 1933: President Swing makes an official statement broadcast on all stations stating that the US has no reason to involve itself in foreign conflicts, and that if requested he personally would mediate any dispute.
May 14th 1933- China declares war to France and Russia.
May 15th 1933- Tallinn falls, the Grand Duke being evacuated by ship to Konigsberg.
May 16th 1933- Bastogne is captured by advancing French motorized forces.
May 16th 1933 -- With the government convinced that war against France and Russia is inevitable, the British authorize their ambassador to Greece to meet with the "Greek Three" and the Ottomans to see if they can be pursuaded to join their side. Intense negotiations begin over economics and border adjustments.
May 18th 1933 -- Ethiopia declares war to France and invades Djibouti immediately.
May 19th 1933- Italian troops cross the border of Egypt and began moving east thru the coastal plain.
May 19th 1933- Minsk captured after a two-day battle. The belarussian forces were in disarray.
May 20, 1933: Germany and France each nationalize the portions of Hannoversche Maschinenbau-Castodi and Opel-Darracq that are within their borders and order the manufacturing plants to only produce military vehicles for the duration of the conflict. Humbled by the destruction of two of the largest companies in the European motor vehicle market, the rest of the industry scrambles to secure defense contracts and secure their independence.
May 20th 1933- Great Britain and the Empire declare war to Italy.
May 21st 1933- Gambia surrenders to French colonial troops.
May 22nd 1933- Brussels is captured by the French forces but already their advance is slowing down in the center.
May 22nd 1933-With the port of Djibouti now under direct artillery fire from Ethiopian guns, the French Red Sea Squadron, now consisting of two light cruiser and four destroyers, breaks out into the Indian Ocean to begin commerce raiding.
May 23rd 1933- Chinese forces cross the Tonkin border in the direction of Hanoi.
May 24th 1933- Ostende falls to the French. The Belgium coast is under French occupation.
May 26th 1933- Aachen falls to the French motorized forces. With German troops being moved north to try to stop the advancing enemy motorized forces the French in the south finally broke the defenses in Alsace-Lorraine and began slowly to push the Germans in the direction of the Rhine.
May 29th 1933- Cripps, a long-time friend of Churchill, is named Chancellor of the Exchequer in the War Cabinet. He turned to be a very popular man with the working classes, with the way he enforced rationing with equal severity against all classes and his plans for bigger subsidies to the families of the soldiers fighting in all fronts.
May 31st 1933- Antwerp surrounded by the advancing French, that continued advancing north and entered the Netherlands on the 1st of June.
June 1933: Fed up with the high spending Swing, Vandenburg along with other Hoover Republicans quit the party. Many become Democrats, though fiercely opposed to Stimson's Hard Democrats and Populists. Vandenberg and others refer to themselves as independants.
June 1st 1933- Italian 8th Army defeats the defenders of Sidi Barrani and pushed them in the direction of Alexandria.
June 3rd 1933- British Admiralty covertly arms merchat ships with hidden weapons and begins to call them M-Ships.
June 4th 1933- Freetown surrenders to French colonial forces. The British squadron in Sierra Leone escapes to Nigeria.
June 4th 1933- First combat between the IEF, composed of two infantry divisions, and the French occurred in Eindhoven. The Irish were forced to abandon the field after the supporting Dutch forces to their left flank were defeated and due to fear of encirclement they were ordered to move north in the direction of the Rhine.
June 5th, 1933 - The Republic of Guiana declares war against the French, and by the end of the month a small combined Guianan-British force have taken French Guiana.
June 5, 1933 -- Mere days after a messy breakup with Hollywood's most famous dancer, Fred Austerlitz, Barbie Davis weds "highschool sweetheart" Freddy Ball. Press coverage is through the roof, and the event is later looked on as the birth of "celebrity news".
June 6th 1933- French Motorized Corps reach Cologne but they bypass the city to continue their advance. They left a small token force to contain the defenders until the arrival of more troops to deal with the enemy inside the city.
June 7th 1933- Romania declares war to the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
June 7th 1933- Austrian garrison of Odessa surrenders.
June 8th 1933- First combat between forces of the BEF, composed of five infantry divisions and a landship division, and the French north of Cologne. British 52nd Infantry division forced north after suffering some heavy casualties.
June 8th 1933- Last Austrian forces in Bessarabia surrender after being cutoff by the Romanian declaration of war.
June 9th 1933- Saarbruken falls to the advancing French.
June 9th 1933- Bulgaria declares war to the Austro-Hungarian Empire and to the Kingdom of Serbia.
June 10th 1933- Former Kaiser Wilhelm III forms an impromptu command of stragglers from retreating forces in the Netherlands and forms a rearguard allowing several Dutch and German troops as well as many Dutch civilians to successfully escape from the advancing French invasion, but at the cost of his own life. A prominant Dutch member of the Reichstag is quoted as saying upon hearing the news, "Today, with Iron and Blood, the Hohenzollern have wed themselves forever to the Dutch people."
June 11th 1933- French forces reach Bonn and troops in the city put a stiff defense.
June 14th 1933- Marsa Matruh captured by Italians but the forces were exhausted. First time landships clashed in the African desert. The Italian landship's main armament was too light to cause any damage to the British vehicles but the raw number of the Italian forces forced the British to move to Garawla.
June 16th 1933- Sibiu captured by Romanian troops.
June 17th 1933- British Landship division stops almost by itself the Italian advance and forced them to go back to Marsa Matruh, were they began to dig in.
June 17th 1933- First combat ever between landships. Units of the French 1st DCA faced landships of the British 1st Landship Division northwest of Dusseldorf. The British landships demonstrated to be better armored than the French ones, but the speed of the French forced the British to withdrew or be encircled. The French lost 11 vehicles compared with 5 British ones.
June 19th 1933- French tried to cross the Rhine south of Bonn but they were repulsed.
June 22nd 1933- Mulhouse falls to the advancing French forces in Lorraine.
June 25th 1933- Strasbourg falls. Last German forces in Alsace-Lorraine cross the Rhine into Baden. King Napoleon IV declares the 25th of June a national holiday.
June 25th 1933- Haiphong falls to the Chinese 15th Army.
June 27th 1933- Hanoi is surrounded by the Chinese 14th Army. French authorities escape by aircraft to Hue.
June 28th 1933- Italian forces capture Trento.
June 30th 1933- Front stabilizes on the Rhine from the Atlantic to the Swiss border. Germans defenders blow up every single major bridge on the Rhine in their withdraw plus the dikes were opened in the Netherlands also in the attempt to slow down the advancing French.
Fall 1933- Asia- The war in Asia saw the near end of the French presence in Indochina. By the end of October Tonkin and Laos were effectively in the hands of the Chinese. After landings by small forces of German troops from the Dutch Indies in the area around Saigon the French Naval Command ordered their Far East Squadron to try to intern themselves in the Philippines. They failed and it was considered by many that it was only a question of time before the whole area fell on the hands of the Central Powers and their allies. In Sinkiang, the Russians launched limited offensives to try to relieve the pressure put to their allies in Indochina but their territorial gains were minuscule due to supply constrains.
Fall 1933- Middle East - Flush by their success in Europe, the Russians tried to expand their borders into the Middle East and launched two major operations to try to reach the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea. The first one reached their objective with the capture of Bandar Abbas late on October of 1933, with only the arrival of Indian troops helping stop the Russians to their small foothold facing the Gulf. On the other hand, their attempt to capture Syria and reach Alexandretta fails thanks to the sacrifices performed by the Ottoman forces under Mustafa Kemal, the hero of Istanbul in the last war. The casualties were appalling for the Ottomans but the Russians underestimated them and paid dearly for their mistake. By the end of October the Russians were back at their starting point and the only reason the Ottomans didn’t took advantage of the situation was more pressing concerns in other fronts.
Fall 1933- Italian front- The slow advance continued in this front, the terrain helping the defenders. By the end of October the arrival of the German Mountain corps helped to stabilize the front for the rest of the year.
Fall 1933- Balkan front- The Romanians continued their slow advance in Transylvania, the defenders performing an scorch earth policy while giving away terrain. Also the Bulgarians captured Skojpe but stopped offensive operations against the Serbs after their war declaration against the Ottoman Empire. At the same time Italy extended the conflict in the Balkans by attacking the Serbs from Albania. But the biggest event of the fall was the defeat of the Ottoman Black Sea Fleet that made possible the Russian landings north of Istanbul. By the end of October a join Russo-Bulgarian force have Istanbul surrounded and it was considered a question of time before the city was captured.
Fall 1933- Africa- Ghana finally falls to the French on late September 1933. The forces in Nigeria and the German Equatorial Africa were big enough to defend the area but not sufficient to launch offensive operations in the area. Due to the many concerns going on somewhere else the area was very low in the Central Powers priority list. So for now the French had the upper hand in West Africa. Egypt on the other hand was another matter completely. The Italians reinforced by French colonial troops and the famed French Foreign Legion, tried again to reach Alexandria. The battles raged thru the fall, with the offensive been defeated in the town of El Alamein after the arrival of reinforcements from South Africa, Australia, British East Africa and Ethiopia. By the end of October the Italians and their allies were back in Marsa Matruh, but this time they were running low on supplies and were outnumbered 2:1 by the defenders.
Fall 1933- Eastern Front- During the fall of 1933 the Russians continue their advance against the combined forces of the Austrian and German Empires, their fast operational tempo of the summer slowing down due to the terrain that helped the defender. The marshes of the eastern part of Poland channeled the advance of the Russians and many of their armored cars were destroyed or damaged by the heavy caliber rifles issued by the German Army to their allies the Poles and the Austrians. On the Baltic States the battle was more mobile, with the Russian armored cavalry units fighting it out with the last remaining German Motorized Corps in the area used as a fire brigade. By the end of October Livonia was on Russians hands and the artillery rumble could be heard in Memel and Vilna. But it was in Austrian Galicia were the Russian superiority in mobile warfare was really fell. In less than a month, from August 4th to September 1st 1933, the Austrians were forced into the Carpathian mountains and only the heroics of Polish, German and Austrians troops stopped the Russians from turning the flank on the defenders in Central Poland. What many later historians considered extended the war was the Stravka decision to expand the war to the Middle East, lacking the forces necessary to knock out of the war the Austro-Hungarian Empire at this time.
Fall 1933- Western front- The French mobile forces were exhausted after the summer campaign but the French High Command wanted to end the war right now. Scrapping as much landships as possible they prepared their units for the invasion of Hannover, aimed at reaching Hamburg and force Germany into the negotiation table. The plan was flawed. The mobile forces were basically spent and the casualties suffered by the forces tasked in achieving a crossing of the Rhine were very heavy. The Germans won the war in the air over Hannover after terrible casualties to both sides and the French advance stalled after reaching the city of Celle on August 18th. The German counterattack was a decisive defeat of the French forces in the area, with the Germans learning the lessons of the summer and used three of their four Motorized Corps (moved from the eastern front as soon as the French crossings of the Rhine succeeded) to attack the flanks of the French forces in Hannover and pocketed two French mobile divisions on August 25th to the 29th. The French were successful in escaping the pocket but they lost close to 20% of their heavy equipment in the attempt. The French mobile forces were taken out of the front lines to refit. By the end October the French recognized the impossibility to keep forces in Hannover under the circumstances and recrossed the Rhine, leaving the field to the Germans.
Fall 1933- American front- The war in continued at a leisure pace in the area, with French Guinea being captured after a short campaign. The US continue to show their displeasure with the events but received assurances events in the Caribbean were just “temporary measures.”
Fall(Spring) 1933- South America- The war Argentines tried to break the impasse after receiving massive help from the British thru the winter. The two operations, one to get over the Andes near Mendoza and another an attempt to recover Santa Cruz both ended in failure. By the end of October the frontlines looked almost the same as four months before, but now fresh corpses littered the area. British Prime Minister George sent a note to the US asking if they will be interested in helping to mediate the conflict. The US first asked the British to remove their naval forces of Comodoro Rivadavia before any negotiations could be started.
July 7th 1933 -- All of Djibouti has fallen, except for the city itself. The Ethiopian troops have been extremely successful on land, but their navy is in tatters. The Ethiopians beg the British Navy to help them block off sea access to Djibouti, but the British are too occupied in the European theater. The Ethiopian army decides to pound Djibouti into submission with artillery and aerial bombardment.
July 8th 1933- Russia declares war to both Great Britain and the Ottoman Empire. The Republic of Georgia declares their neutrality for the time being.
July 16 1933- After the outbreak of war in Europe. Venezuela President Juan Gomez suddenly announces the nationalization of all petroleum and petroleum related industry "In the interest of the prosperity and sincerity of Venezuela." This brings the whole country's oil under the control of Standard Oil.
July 18th 1933- With the war going on in Europe, Japan secretly began construction of the Shinano class battleship. The ships were being build in violation of the agreements of the Treaty of New York of 1930, so that was the reason of their construction being under wraps. The largest battleship ever build, the three ship class was completed by the middle of 1936 after receiving priority for their construction. With a weight of over 70,000 tons loaded, with a speed of 27 knots and armed with eight 20" guns in dual turrets this ships gave good account of themselves versus the US Pacific Fleet early in that part of the war.
July 27th 1933- Riga falls after close to a month of house to house fighting.
July 28th- 30th 1933- French infantry forces successfully achieve a bridgehead on the Right Bank of the Rhine and began to expand. The forces involved suffered terrible casualties. German General Staff orders 3/4 of their motorized forces west to counter the French.
August 1933: The arms industry booms in the US, with weapons, food, ships, and planes being sent to all corners of the world. Though more profitable, trade directly with Europe proves to be more dangerous do to possible threats of sinking. Therefore a large portion of the goods are shipped to African train depots for the French, and through high northern waters to assist the British and Germans. Trade to the other fronts and to the colonies grows exponentially. Quentin Roosevelt, one of the three principle planes dealers in the US takes the high risk high reward road, trading with both sides of the European conflict.
August 2nd 1933- First French mobile forces cross the Rhine and began advancing north.
August 7th, 1933 - After secret negotiations, Bolivia and Peru declare war on Chile and launch a dual invasion in the north, in an attempt to reclaim territory previously lost to Chile before the British can force an end to the Chile-Argentina War.
August 9th 1933- Hannover falls to advancing French.
August 14th 1933- First Canadian troops arrive, being shipped directly from Halifax to Hamburg.
August 17th 1933- Hanoi surrenders to the Chinese 14th Army.
August 17th 1933- Bulgaria declares war to the Ottoman Empire.
August 18th 1933- City of Celle is captured. High mark of the French advance into Hannover.
August 19th 1933- Lemberg captured and Austrian forces began to rout in the direction of the Carpathian Mountains.
August 22nd 1933- Major Otto Frank of the Royal Polish Army is captured and spent the rest of the war in a POW camp. The book based in his memories, “The Diary of Otto Frank”, was a very compelling anti-war book and narrated the horrors of the Siberian POW camps.
August 23rd 1933- The 2nd Cavalry Division replaced by the 3rd Cavalry on the Commonwealth of Rio Grande. The number of “incidents” are been reduced and many of the American settlers are beginning to accept the new regime.
August 25th 1933- German counterattack starts under the command of Field Marshall Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. Following the advice of some of his subordinates and the lesson learned from the summer operations he attacked the flanks of the French forces, defended by infantry, and broke them. Commendations were given to divisional commanders Heinz Guderian and Erwin Rommel for the actions of their divisions on the operation.
August 30th 1933- Italian forces reach the Drin River, pushing the Serbians from their coastal enclaves.
September 1933- Lieutenant-Colonel Juan Peron of the Argentinian Army is promoted to Colonel after taking a Chilean redoubt near Mendoza previously thought to be impregnable.
September 4th 1933- Battle of Karacakoy. The Ottoman Fleet composed of the Reshadieh and three light cruisers tried to intercept the Russian force trying to land in the area. The Russian escorts, led by the massive Alexander Nevsky, sank the Ottoman capital ships in a three-hour battle. The Russian lost the battlecruiser Borodino and the dreadnaught Imperatritsa Mariya was severely damaged but the Ottomans failed in their attempt to stop the Russians reaching the coast.
September 5th 1933- Land battle of Karacakoy. The Russian naval infantry established a beachhead after suffering terrible casualties but by the middle of the month the Russian 70th Corps was already advancing in the direction of Istanbul while another Corps was being unloaded.
September 5th, 1933 - US foreign service officers, fearing the fall of their ally Chile, essentially bribe the Ecuador government to declare war on the Peruvians, relieving pressure on the Chileans. These negotiations are done without the knowledge of the Executive Mansion or the Congress.
September 8th 1933- Over 120 French landships were recovered from the battlefield by the Germans. Only about forty were salvaged and were formed into the first German landship unit, as a provisional testing one. The others were reversed engineered for study.
September 18th 1933- Bulgarian and Russian forces meet in the city of Catalos.
September 18th, 1933 - The Republic of Guiana announces they are formally annexing French Guiana. The British recognize the annexation.
September 20th, 1933 - First major covert shipment of weapons and money arrive in Ecuador.
September 27th 1933- Hannover recaptured by German 7th Corps.
October 1933: American ships stopping through provides a huge boost to the long stagnant Greenland and Iceland's economies.
October 1933: Clarence Darrow leaves the Equality League to take up private practice.
October 1st to 6th 1933- The Washington Senators win their first World Series ever by defeating the Buffalo Braves 4 games to one. Led by their trio of outfielders, veteran Lew Wilson (.298-23-123), Frankie O’Doul (.357-21-87) and John Stone (.288-17-108), the Senators surprised the experts by repeating their performance of the year before and taking it a step further by winning it all.
October 12th 1933- French Far East Squadron, composed of three light cruisers and other small ships, is intercepted by an Anglo-German-Dutch Task Force led by a Dutch battleship and the two battlecruisers of the Australian Navy. The battle was a carnage, with the three French capital ships being sunk and other ships been scuttled or force to surrender. Only two destroyers reached Filipino waters.
October 24th 1933- Bandar Abbas falls to the Russian 7th Army Group. Reza Pahlevi escapes to India were he pledges he will return to his beloved nation.
October 30th 1933- Russian and Bulgarian artillery began to hit positions inside the city of Istanbul and pleas were launched to the Russians to respect the historical buildings. Their response was “to evacuate the city if you want them to be left standing.”
Winter 1933- Caribbean- The war was over in the area for all effects with the surrender of French Guinea in October. While some troops went to jungle to continue resistance and refused to surrender the majority of the forces in the colony of French Guiana went into captivity. But the United States was highly displeased by the events of the year and put his naval forces in the area on alert to show their displeasure.
Winter 1933- Asia- The war on Indochina ended with the surrender of the colonial administration in Hue to the advancing Chinese forces on December 9th. But before that another nation entered the war when the Kingdom of Siam declared war to France and moved into Cambodia. By the end of the year Indochina was divided into areas of occupation, with Tonkin, Annam and Laos falling under the Chinese protection, Cochinchina and Cambodia under German administration. The Siamese were allowed to annex the disputed border areas they had in Cambodia as a reward for their declaration of war. Meanwhile the war in Sinkiang continued as a low-level affair.
Winter 1933- Italian front- The war in this region pretty much stalled during the winter, with other fronts taking priority for both the Austrians and the Italians.
Winter 1933- Western front- Both sides were exhausted by the battles of the summer and fall. They both recognized now that mobile warfare burns the forces involved fairly fast and they began preparations for the coming year. The French expanded their production of landships to rebuild the decimated landship divisions and build at least two more of them. The British also began replacing the losses of landships in their armored division and began preparations to build a new one. Meanwhile the Germans continued their study of the captured French vehicles in an attempt to build their own landship. The most important event during this period on this front was the arrival of more reinforcements from Great Britain, Ireland and Canada, bringing the size of their forces in the Continent to 11, 3 and 2 divisions respectively.
Winter 1933- Eastern front- The front also fell into a standstill due to both sides been exhausted and the Russian sending their fresh troops to other fronts to either defend or launch offensive operations. The hiatus gave the German, Polish and Austrian forces to dig in and wait for the coming onslaught. But at least until the end of December only small unit operations occurred in the area and the front stayed stable.
Winter 1933- Balkan Front- The situation on this front changed on November 18th when Greece declared war to Bulgaria and the Kingdom of Italy. Both nations, while not completely surprised by the actions of Greece, were badly positioned to put an effective resistance on the short term. Thru the rest of the year the Greeks rolled both Italian positions in Albania and Bulgarian ones in Thrace and in the Chaldice. The Serbs and the Austrian took advantage of the situation to launch limited offensives that gained some of the ground lost to both the Italians and Bulgarians in Serbia. By the middle of December the situation was so desperate for the Bulgarians that they have to plea for help from the Russian Empire, who was forced to move troops from the Eastern front south to the Balkans to stabilize the front. The siege of Istanbul continued but with the Bulgarians forced to withdraw forces from the siege the situation on the city began to look better.
Winter 1933- The Middle East front- The area was one of the few active fronts during the period, with the Georgian declaration of war taking the Russians by surprise. The Georgian declaration started a snowball effect that ended with the Russians reeling in the area, with troops being send from another fronts in an attempt to stop the bleeding. The November 18th declaration of war was followed by the expected British counteroffensive starting on November 21st while in the west the Ottomans under Kemal launched a limited offensive designed to tie troops but due to stripping of forces for other fronts it was fairly successful. By the end of December the Kingdom of Kurdistan was under the heel of the Ottomans, the Russians foothold on the Persian Gulf was lost and the sound of gunfire could be heard in the mountains of Azerbaijan. The Russians began to make preparations to crush Georgia by 1934.
Winter 1933- African front- While the war in West Africa continued to stall, being a non-important front for all sides involved, the war in Egypt took a turn in the opposite direction. Starting on November 7th the British plus Australians and Ethiopians began a counteroffensive that broke the Franco-Italian lines and by the end of the year the front lines were sitting in Bardia. Egypt was free of invading forces by the end of the year.
November, 1933: Wendell Wilkie is elected Senator from Indiana by a landslide. He continues his TV and radio broadcast though he no longer accepts money from them.
November 1933- Filipino president Ramos wins reelection thanks to the economy turning for the better, with free trade agreements with both the Japanese and the Chinese in place since the early 1930's.
November 14th 1933- New York Yankees trades Roger Hornsby to the New Orleans Cajuns. After two consecutive seasons of sub-par performances, the Yankees decided to part ways with their star. The Cajuns’ management surprised everyone by announcing Hornsby was going to start in second base next season.
November 15th, 1933 - Brazil, fearing the beginnings of an Argentine-dominated continent, attacks Bolivia and Peru to relieve pressure on Chile, while at the same time demonstrating on the Brazilian/Argentine border.
November 18th 1933 -- Greece declares war to Bulgaria and Georgia declares war to Russia.
December 1933: Swing attempts to expand his public works projects, but finds that there is little interest. The economy is booming, and there are thousands of factory jobs available.
Last edited by Glen; May 15th, 2007 at 02:28 AM..
1934- In self-defence, a Chinese immigrant kills drunken white man John Pershing in Oakland. Riots start, and many Chinatowns around Oakland are burned and some of the occupants lynched.
1934- Chinese property in the Philippines is confiscated and many ethnic Chinese were deported to either Mainland China or to camps deep into the Philippines.
1934 Harry Houdini's Great Escapes is the top rated television show for the year. Most of the stunts are performed by up and coming magicians, but at the end of every episode the spry 60 year old performs the biggest escape of the performance, many of which now incorporate the newest technological marvels in the threat to the escape artist.
1934- The British construct a 36" diameter mortar to test new aerial bombs. The mortar, nicknamed "Little David", is not used for combat due to its inaccuracy and unspectacular range of six miles
1934- Clinton Anderson is elected Chair of the Democrat party in Sonora.
January-February-March 1934:South American front: A ceasefire brokered by both the British and the US was accepted by both parts on February 17th 1934 and for the first time in close to two years the guns fell silent in the Patagonia and in the Andes.
January-February-March 1934: Balkan front: The Russian juggernaut was unleashed against Greece and Serbia in an offensive that in conjunction with the ones in the Middle East and the Eastern front are considered by some later historians an attempt by the Russians to end the war right there and now. The arrival of new fresh recruits gave the Russian commander in the area, the aging Field Marshall Mannerheim, the resources to attack many targets at the same time. Only the arrival of British troops from Egypt saved the city of Salonika of falling to the advancing Russians but the Greeks used the terrain to slowly give up territory. The Serbians suffered the brunt of the attack and by the end of March Nis and Zica were in the hands of the Bulgarians while artillery can be hear in Belgrade from the Russian forces that attacked from Romania. Istanbul was finally sealed from the rest of Turkey.
January-February-March 1934:Asian front: The war continued to be at a very low level in the Sinkiang area, with what it seemed like the Chinese and the Russians were just waiting for the end of the war. All that changed with the surprising declaration of war of the Japanese Empire on March 8th. A Japanese task force with a Russian heavy cruiser division attached defeated the British Far East Fleet and followed that with landings in China.
January-February-March 1934: Middle East front: January 13th was the beginning of the Russian counteroffensive that later was called “the year of the Horde.” Grand Duke Michael himself took command of the operation in the area and with close to one million men under arms they sweep the region. Three different operations were launched and by sheer numbers they began to succeed. By the end of March all the enemies of Russia on the Middle East were in retreat.
January-February-March 1934 - Chinese Front. The Japanese launch a series of attacks on coastal areas of China and British enclaves in the East, as well as one major thrust from Manchuria. The coastal expeditions are relatively successful, but the Chinese had held in reserve their best forces in the North in fear of just such an occurence, and they acquit themselves well, eventually throwing the Japanese forces back to the border.
January-February-March 1934; African Front: The war on Egypt entered a lull, with Italian and French trying to recover from being forced out of Egypt while the Central Powers were incapable of launching any offensive operations due to the events occurring in the Middle East and Greece. On the other hand a combined British-German-South African force launched an limited offensive out of Nigeria that captured Dahomey and liberated Ghana from French hands by the end of March.
January-February-March 1934: Italian Front: The war continued to be a slow draw affair until the middle of March, when the Italians took advantage of the situation in other fronts to finally capture to cities of Gorizia and Bolzano.
January-February-March 1934: Eastern Front: The expected Russian offensive began on March 14th and as such the advance was very low. Both the Germans and Austrians were prepared and had time to reinforce their positions for the coming storm. Still the sheer number of the Russian forces forced the defenders back and by the end of March the city of Memel was on the hands of the Russians and the Poles were pushed back to the Bug River. Only in Austria-Hungary the lines hold, the Carpathian mountains being a formidable obstacle.
January-February-March 1934: Western Front: The French began their own offensive on March 16th, an attempt, in conjunction with the Russian attack, to bring the Germans to the diplomatic table. But all thru the winter the banks of the Rhine were transformed into a mass of trenches and well armed positions that caused terrible casualties to the attacking French. By the end of March only three major crossings have survived and the French were furiously trying to move as many troops as possible to keep that bridgeheads alive and the momentum going.
Spring 1934 - French and Russian troops begin to employ flamethrowers, both man-portable and vehicle mounted, to clear out embedded German and Austrian defensive works.
Spring 1934 - Brazil demands that the British end support to the Argentinians before they will agree to talks. The British are in a difficult position as they can ill afford to actually provide such support and do not have the resources to commit to defending British Guyana which could be threatened by the Brazilians, but on the other hand can not be seen as capitulating to the dictates of a third rate Latin American power.
January 1934: With a booming economy, Swing sees an opportunity to expand welfare and public services to as much of the population as possible. Congress agrees with him and authorizes several new entitlement programs, spending most of the increased revenue coming into federal coffers.
January 2nd 1934 - King Rama VI of Siam dies. His son Chomklao becomes King Rama VII, however due to his young age Prince Prachadhipok Sakdidej becomes the regent.
January 3rd 1934- Major General Archibald Butt is named commander of Fort Hood, Texas. The home of the 2nd Cavalry and the Armored Cars School, Butt arranged the training of the new tactics of the Great War to be teached in the School. One of his biggest supporters was Brigadier General Patton.
January 19th 1934- Pressure is released in Azerbaijan with the defeat of Georgian forces in Shemakha.
January 19th 1934- Yazd recaptured by Russians, Georgy Zhukov promoted to commander 4th Cavalry Corps.
January 26th 1934- Sultan Abdul Mejid II died when artillery barrage hit his palace. Also killed was the foreign minister and commander of the defense of the city, Enver Pasha.
Febuary 1934: The International Alliance Orchestra is created, featuring famed musicians from Germany, Austria, Britain, and other allied nations. Alban Berg is named the conductor. The orchestra is unique in that it also utilized musicians from the colonies and from popular bands, giving the classical music a surprisingly exotic feel.
Febuary 1934: Having surpassed the other two aviation companies, Quentin Roosevelt buys 4 artillery companies and 3 shipyards to become the most powerful arms dealer in the world.
February 5, 1934 -- Zapata announces that he will not seek a fourth term as President of South Mexico. "I am 54 years old, and I have lived enough to be 100," he tells the Veracruz Post. "It is time for me to sit on the beach and play with my grandchildren."
February 10th 1934- Charlemagne Peralte wins reelection as president of Haiti, the first man to stay in power longer than a couple of years in that nation since the beginning of the century. Still his regime was shaky, with opposition forces being active on the South and the East of the nation while the size of the Gendarmerie grows thanks to the arrival of French military equipment during the last six years. Due to all this the economy of the nation was in shambles and many considered it was only a question of time before his regime also fails.
February 11th 1934- Mosul recaptured by Russian forces. Ottoman forces reeling under the sheer size of the Russian troops.
February 15th-17th 1934- Battle of Persopolis. Indian troops defeat the advancing Russian troops after a three-day battle, stopping their advance south for the time being.
February 19th 1934- Ahmed Nihad crowned as new Ottoman Sultan in Ankara.
February 26th 1934- Tikrit falls to the Russians. British troops are switched from Persia to Mesopotamia to try to prop the failing Ottomans.
March 1934- First massive recruitment of black Africans by France. Over half a million men joined during the the war with the promise of receiving full citizen rights by the French government. They suffered over 22% casualty rate during the war.
March 1st 1934- City of Bam captured and the threat of the lines of communication with India hung on the balance.
March 2nd 1934- Australian troops entered Palestine on their way north to try to help the Ottomans.
March 6th 1934- Upon hearing of Von Ohain invention aircraft mogul Hugo Junkers eagerly puts both financial and technical help for Von Ohain. Appointing Dr.Herbert Wagner and Adolf Mueller to assist the him.
March 8th, 1934 - The Russians come to an agreement with the Japanese, acknowledging a significant sphere of influence in Asia and the Pacific, as well as subsidized and guaranteed shipments of oil and scrap metal, should the Japanese join the war on their side, which they do on this day. Japan and Russia launch a combined naval attack within hours of the delivery of the Japanese declaration of war on the British Asian Fleet, seen as their first major opposition. The unanticipated attack on a British naval force become overconfident after their easy victories over the French leads to major British losses in the greatest Battleship battle up until that time.
March 11th 1934- Battle of Kithera. Italian fleet tried to intercept the British reinforcements being ferried to Greece. In what now is considered to have been a trap, the bulk of the British Mediterranean Fleet made mincemeat of the surprised Italian attackers, destroying two of their vaunted fast battleships in the process. The Italians lost the two mentioned ships plus three cruisers and three destroyers while the British losses were reduced to two destroyers and a light cruiser. The Italians never again contested the Eastern Mediterranean.
March 11th 1934- David ben Gurion began to raise a volunteer Jewish Brigade to serve against the Russians.
March 12th 1934- Battle of the South China Seas. A four hour battle were the bulk of the Japanese Home Fleet defeated the British Far East Fleet. At the end of the battle two old Japanese dreadnaughts, the Satsuma and the Settsu, were damaged but were towed and salvaged but the British dreadnaught Revenge was blown out of the water by two Japanese Kii class battleships. But this battle proved the failure of the battlecruiser concept in a straight battle. While the Japanese ships old battlecruiser Tsukuba was severely damaged the British suffered the destruction of four of the type, demostrating the inferiority of armor of the class in battle versus battleships. The German-Dutch fleet also lost the battleship Rotterdam. The end result was the British Fleet was decimated and the British were forced to scramble ships from other theaters to help.
March 18th 1934-Russian forces finally cross the Georgian border and reach the shores of Lake Sevan.
March 19th 1934- First reported use of flamethrowers by French forces near Cologne.
March 21st 1934- Battle of Habbaniyah. Russian forces defeat a sizable Anglo-Ottoman force and the Central Powers are forced to evacuate Baghdad.
March 21st 1934- Gorizia falls to the advancing Italians under General Balbo.
March 26th 1934- Major William Robert (Halsey) dies while leading his regiment in assaulting the German defenses near Lichtenau in Baden.
March 29th 1934- Aleppo falls to advancing Russian troops, Ottoman forces exhausted and demoralized. Talks of surrender are rumored around the troops.
March 29th 1934- Bolzano is captured after the German Mountain Corps is forced to withdrew north under heavy pressure to their left flank.
March 30th 1934- Captain Adolph Hitler leads his company as a rear guard to cover the retreat of his regiment in the Trentino area. The actions of his company tied the enemy forces for three days and gave time to the forces farther east to dig in. Hitler himself and three other men were the only survivors of the action to reach the Austrian lines. He was recommended to be promoted to Major and received commendations for his actions.
March 30th 1934- Forced by the Constitution not to seek reelection in the presidential election, Pascual Orozco gave his blessing to his former Minister of Labor Lazaro Cardenas to run as his successor. Cardenas won the election by a very large margin, a symbol that the efforts of the last six years by Orozco had been well received by the Mexican people.
April-May-June 1934: South American Front- The revelation of the covert support of the US to Ecuador caused the failure of the ceasefire and war restarted with a vengeance. Paraguay joined the war on the side of Brazil, their aims to expand at Bolivia’s expense. By the end of June the war was going badly for Argentina and their allies. The Chileans forced the Peruvians north, recovering Arica on May 18th while forcing the now embattled Bolivians to abandon San Pedro de Atamaca and flee east while further east Paraguay achieved some victories in the Chaco region versus Bolivia. Only in the north were the pro-Argentinean forces more successful. With the fall of the city of Borja, Zamora, Loja and Machala in rapid succession the Ecuadorian government was on the verge of falling but the arrival of Brazilians to bolster the defense helped to defeat further attempts of advancing by the Peruvian forces.
April-May-June 1934: Asian front: With the defeat of the British Far East Fleet and the remains of the German-Dutch fleet staying in port the Pacific was a Japanese playground. On late April Japanese forces, supported by Filipino troops began landing in the northern coast of New Guinea overwhelming the Australian defenders. At the same time Japanese forces, again supported by Filipinos landed in Borneo and Celebes but here the defenders put a stauncher defense.
April-May-June 1934: China Front: The war in this front was an affirmation of the shape of the Chinese Army. On the north their best units, trained by Germans and similar in organization and equipment to them, defeated the summer Japanese offensives in the area. The Japanese push from Manchuria in the direction of Peking and Tientsin were stopped well short of their objectives and by the end of June were back on their starting lines. Only the situation farther south forced the Chinese not to take the initiative in the area. On the south, the Chinese forces were of lower quality and it showed on their performance. Japanese forces that landed in March in China began to expand their control of certain sections and the Chinese seemed incapable of stopping them until the arrival of forces from the north. By the end of June the north was a bloody stalemate, with trenches appearing in the Chinese-Manchurian border while the Chinese started to advance slowly in the Shantung Peninsula. But in the south the Japanese have the initiative. Canton, Hong Kong, Fukien the island of Hainan and Shanghai were in the hands of the Japanese and artillery fire could be heard on Nanking.
April-May-June 1934: Middle East Front: Grand Duke Michael launched his revenge against his former ally, Koba, who he considered a traitor. With a vengeance Russian forces crushed the Georgian Republic, forcing Koba to go back to the hills to lead guerilla forces. Further south the Russians continued their unhindered advance in the direction of the Mediterranean coast, finally capturing the province of Hatay and reaching the coast. Only the remaining Ottoman forces under Kemal and the Australians stopped the Russians finally north of Damascus. But it was in Persia and Mesopotamia where the Russians were more effective. With further reinforcements from India being diverted to Australia and other locations in the Far East the Russians forces pushed the defenders from Persia and Mesopotamia and by the end of June both areas were basically in Russian hands.
April-May-June 1934: Balkan Front: Russian Field Marshall Mannerheim offensives suffered of being the ones receiving the less reinforcements and it was that the excuse he used to explain his defeat in his attempt to capture Salonika. But his career was saved with the capture of Istanbul on May 29th and them achieving the surrender of the Ottoman Empire on June 11th. While the Ottoman forces in Anatolia lay down their arms the ones in Syria, Palestine and the Hejaz refused to surrender and under Field Marshall Mustafa Kemal they continued the fight. In the northern portion of the Balkans was getting desperate, with Serbia setting a government in exile in Vienna after the fall of Belgrade and by the end of June 80% of Transylvania was on the hands of the Romanian Army.
April-May-June 1934: African Front: With the British been forced to move troops to other front the composition of the forces facing the Italians in Libya changed. While by the middle of 1933 the forces were mainly British and Australians one year later fifty percent of the forces in the front were either Ethiopian soldiers or British and German Askaris. That same forces achieved the only major victory of the Central Powers during the summer of 1934. Using the landships of the Middle East Division to make a breach on the Italian lines, the so called “Black Legions” poured thru the gap and never let the enemy mount a credible defense. Many historians give credit to Ethiopian and American expatriate Benjamin Davis for mounting his troops in any type of vehicle he could put his hands on to keep the advance moving while using air power as mobile artillery. While the concept has being used before by the French and later by the Germans in 1933 on the Western front, it was the first time it was used in Africa. By the end of June the Cyrenaica and Chad were on the hands of the Central Powers. Both France and Italy was forced to move troops from the north to try to stop the tide. Many later historians now consider the decision to attack in the middle of summer was a very risky proposition and it was a very close to failure due to heat and supply concerns. But the preparations made for that eventuality and the surprise of an attack at that time of the year at the end paid off.
April-May-June 1934- Western Front: The French finally had enough strength to try to push out of their beachheads on the other side of the Rhine at the end of April. The three coordinated offensives were stopped well short of their objectives, with one being a devastating defeat. The first drive, an attempt to capture the major population centers of the Netherlands, was defeated by the combined Dutch-Irish-British defenders who were forced to open the dikes to slow down the advancing French and forced them to pull away from The Hague and Amsterdam. The second drive, a limited offensive aimed at tying forces in the area of Baden, achieved that objective but the territorial gains were minimal. The third drive, an armored thrust in the direction of Munster and them in the direction of Bremen, was defeated by the use of new weapons on the German arsenal. The liberal use of mustard gas by the Germans and the appearance of the Panzerjager I vehicle were a terrible surprise for the advancing French that after being grinded by this new weapons, were pocketed by the German Motorized units north of Munster. Two armored divisions were captured or destroyed and the French were forced back to the Rhine by the end of June. They lost close to 500 lanships in their failed offensive.
April-May-June 1934: Eastern Front: The Russian advance continued unabated during April, with all the Central Powers forces being pushed west. But with the Russian threat closing in, the city of Konigsberg under threat and the breaking of the Carpathian passes making possible to the Russians to pour into the heart of the Hungarian Kingdom forced the Central Powers to use a new weapon. The release of mustard gas stopped the advancing Russian in their tracks, the attackers being unprepared to the effects of the weapon plus they lacked the countermeasures for it. Thousands of troops were blinded or scarred by this new weapon and in many instances soldiers refused to advance if the weapon was being deployed against them. Finally on early June the order was given to stop until proper countermeasures could be given to the troops.
April-May-June 1934: Italian Front: The Italians during the month of April and early May captured more land than in the previous six months put together. With the chaos on the Balkans and the Carpathians making that areas the main concern of the Austrian General Staff. With the fall of parts of the provinces of Kustenland, Carinthia and Tirol to the advancing Italians forced the Austrians to use gas against them. This coupled with the need to send men to Africa stopped the advance of the Italians in the area.
April 1st, 1934 - The revelation of covert American encouragement and support for Ecuador to enter the war causes a break-down of peace talks and the resumption of the South American conflict.
April 4th 1934: LaGuardia is chosen as the new Speaker of the House. It is believed by many that a Smith Republican would seem more respectable then another Progressive.
April 9th 1934- British forces breach the enemy lines in Bardia.
April 12th, 1934 The Philippines declares war against China, after promises from the Japanese and the French to acknowledge the claim of the Philippines on the Spratley Islands. However, discussions are still ongoing about expanding the declaration to other nations.
April 12th 1934-Vilnius captured by Russian forces.
April 15, 1934 - Regent Prachadhipok Sakdidej proposes a Siamese Parliament, based off the British system of government. Despite opposition from some of his more conservative advisors, the plan goes through.
April 16th 1934- Trieste falls to the Italians. Prime Minister Pasolini declares the capture of the city “a triumph for the glorious legions of Italy and the time of our enemies is running out.”
April 17th, 1934 - After the diplomatic fiasco of the Ecuador Affair, President Swing replaces Secretary of State Borah with Theodore Roosevelt Jr.
April 17th 1934- Paraguay declares war to Bolivia.
April 17th 1934- Japanese troops land near Rabaul. Australian Navy contests the landings but defeated. HMAS Canberra sunk by the fire of the Japanese battleships escorting.
April 18th 1934- Shanghai surrenders to Japanese forces.
April 18th 1934- Rotterdam falls to the French. Area commander Field Marshall Haig orders the dykes to be open.
April 18th 1934- Carpathian passes finally broken by Russian forces and they began to pour troops south in the direction of Budapest.
April 18th 1934- Philippines declares war to Great Britain but not to Germany after further negotiations offered them concessions in regard to trade and weapons.
April 19th 1934- Filipino troops overwhelm the garrison in Wewak.
April 20th 1934- Manado in the Celebes captured. Japanese contained in the northern part of the island by German-Dutch defenders.
April 20th, 1934- Newly appointed Secretary of State Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ends all arms shipments to Ecuador and try to stir some up support in Congress for the revocation of the military co-op treaty with Chile.
April 21st 1934- Tobruk is captured by German Askaris
April 22nd 1934- With the city of Tientsin on danger of falling to the Japanese, the Chinese Fleet made an attempt to escape. The Carrier Group under Rear Admiral Isokuro Yamamoto was near by and launched their aircrafts armed with torpedoes and dive-bombers. The attack was devastating. In close to twenty minutes the Chinese battlecruiser Yai Pen and the battleship Ching Pen were sunk by the attacking airplanes and the escorts were forced to run a gauntlet later on with the arrival of the Battlecruiser Squadron. No Chinese ship survived the attack. Two capital ships and four destroyers were sunk.
April 22nd 1934- Start of the Battle of Salonika. The Anglo-Greek defenders repulsed the Russo-Bulgarian assault of the city in a battle that lasted almost the whole month of May. Field Marshall Mannerheim ordered the end of operation in the area by May 18th, deciding to swing resources to more successful offensives on his front.
April 25th 1934- Munster captured by advancing French.
April 28th 1934- First recorded use of mustard gas in northern Hungary.
Summer 1934 - A series of sinkings by French submarines of American shipping incenses the nation. The Hearst papers play up the sinkings to increase sympathy for the British cause.
Summer 1934 - Germans begin to use gas warfare to fend off the advances of the French and Russians.
Summer 1934- War commitments from Junkers slows work on the Von Ohain project's.He continues his studies at Goettenburg
May 1934- Belgian refugee weapon designer Dieudonne Saive develops a gas-operated self loading rifle for the British Army. The weapon enters production in late 1935 as the Enfield-Saive Mark I. The rifle was loaded by a ten round .303 detachable magazine but lacked the selective fire capability of the AVS-32.
May 1934: Hearst goes back to what made him famous in the first place: Yellow Journalism. His papers and stations become overwhelmed with discussions of the terror of war. The reporters claim that the US weapons are simply prolonging the war, while Swing stands on the sidelines, refusing to let the conflict come to the end. "End the guns or bring the guns" becomes a common pro-war slogan.
May 1934 -- With war in Asia and a less-welcoming climate in the USA, refugees from dozens of East Asian minorities flood into Canada, using the "war refugee" loophole in the General Immigration Act. Unlike the first wave, which largely stopped at the mountains, this group spreads far and wide: Mongols tend to gravitate towards the Arctic towns; aboriginal Taiwanese to Thunder Bay; Hmong to Montreal; and Ainu to Toronto.
May 2nd 1934: Theodore Roosevelt Jr. suggests in a memo to the War Department a military mobilization, and federal funding for the creation of anti-submarine technology.
May 7th 1934- Ethiopian forces arrive to Benghazi before retreating Italian forces. The reduction of the pocket in Cyrenaica took close to three weeks to crush and close to 40,000 men, some French but mainly Italian, were captured.
May 11th 1934- First use of gas on the Italian front reported on the province of Carinthia.
May 11, 1934 -- Louise Carson becomes the first person to earn a doctoral degree from Mellon University, having successfully defended her thesis on how modern industry can be reformed to aid conservationist efforts. Having the first person to get a doctorate be a woman would be a stir in and of itself, but Yale's Professor Herbert Hoover makes the story even bigger by praising the thesis.
May 12th 1934- Russian forces coming from Galicia reach the lines of the Romanians in Transylvania, joining their efforts.
May 18th 1934- First shipment of weapons arrive to a nationalist cell under Josef Broz in Croatia.
May 18th 1934- Lae surrenders to Japanese forces.
May 18th 1934- First Panzerjager I units attached to the German motorized divisions. The vehicle, a mating of a copy of the French landship suspension with the 88mm antiaeroplane-gun with an armored shield. They were a nasty surprise for the French forces in the summer of 1934 and for the Russians in the fall of the same year.
May 19th 1934- Siege of Hong Kong ends.
May 21st 1934- Panic ensues in some circles of the Australian government and the call is made to Great Britain to free the troops fighting in the Middle East to return home and for the transfer of capital ships from the Atlantic and European theaters to the area.
May 22nd 1934- Tbilisi captured by advancing Russian forces.
May 24th 1934- French forces reach outskirts of Bremen.
May 27th 1934- Battle of the Bremen pockets commences. Two French armored and two infantry divisions are pocketed south of the city by the elite divisions of the German Motorized Corps. After close to two weeks the enemy French forces were forced to surrender after failing to break the lines.
May 28th 1934- Brunei surrenders after a short siege. British Borneo declared secured. Japanese troops began moving south.
May 29th 1934- Japanese naval leaders are impressed by the success of the ideas of Yamamato and ordered the conversion of three liners been constructed into aircraft carriers.
May 29th 1934- Istanbul fell to Russian forces. Damage is extensive in the city but the impressive Hagia Sophia is not damaged after direct orders from the Tsar himself prohibited the Church to be targeted. Russians changed inmediately the name to Constantinople. An armistice is agreed to by Tsar Alexis.
June 1934- Hoover, somewhat fed up with the incoherent economic and foreign policy of both Congress and the Presidency, announces that he will once again seek election to Congress, running from New Haven.
June 3rd 1934- Battle of Nasinyah. Forces under Georgy Zhukov surrounds the retreating Indian forces, cutting their withdraw. In the battle trying to escape the forces were annihilated, the worst defeat in the Middle East in number of troops lost so far in the war. Over 30,000 men were either captured or dead.
June 3rd 1934- Central Powers arrive to El Agheila and began to dig in.
June 4th 1934- Tsar Alexis himself in a radio address orders the stopping of offensive operations on the front due to the thousands of casualties. He promised the deployment of this so-called weapons will not be forgotten and retribution will be inflicted.
June 12th 1934: A military funding and mobilization bill with many points in common with the Roosevelt memo is proposed in congress by a ranking Republican. It is still widely debated by historians whether it was, in fact, planned by Roosevelt.
June 13th 1934- Mustafa Kemal refuses to acknowledge the order to surrender and order his troops to continue the fight.
June 17th 1934- Firebombing of Warsaw and Konigsberg. On this date the first recorded massed used of heavy bombers, armed with incendiary bombs, was launched over both cities causing extensive damage to both.
June 18th 1934- Belgrade captured by advancing Russian and Bulgarians. A government in exile is created in Vienna.
June 19th 1934- Basra surrounded by Russian troops.
June 21st 1934- Last British forces are evacuated from Bandar Abbas.
June 27th 1934- Russian forces capture Zahedan and British Baluchistan was now threaten.
June 29th 1934- Last French forces cross back into the other bank of the Rhine. The offensive is declared over.
July-August-September 1934- Balkan Front:In a move harshly criticized during and after the war by many of the officers of the Russian General Staff (especially Mannerheim), the remaining offensive strength of the Russian Army, including several carefully husbanded armored car divisions and the first division of license-built French landships are used to conquer Greece. Their arguments that landships and armored cars will not do well in the mountainous and constricted terrain of Greece are ignored.
July-August-September 1934: Asian front: The Japanese continued their unhindered advance in the German East Indies with the final reduction of Celebes and the capture of the Moluccas occurring during this time. Also during this period the first Japanese forces land in Annam, near Hue, and in Tonkin. The Chinese troops on the area were of lower quality than the ones in Northern China and even in the South of China. Facing an army mainly composed of reserves and not of front line soldiers, the Japanese captured Haiphong and launched a furious attack that captured the city of Hanoi.
July-August-September 1934: Middle East front: With the shifting of Russian troops to the Balkans the Russians in Persia stayed on the defensive but it wasn’t possible for the British to take advantage of the situation due to more pressing concerns in the Far East. In the Crescent a limited offensive aimed at defeating the rebel Kemalists forces failed with the arrival of troops from South Africa and the newly created 2nd Middle East Landship Division to Palestine and Syria, that repulsed the attacking Russians with heavy casualties. This same troops launched a counteroffensive that recovered Tripoli in Lebanon and Tadmur in Syria.
July-August-September 1934; African Front: With the Army in Palestine now called the 7th Army, the new mix and match of troops from Great Britain and Ethiopia and colonial troops from Great Britain and Germany that was facing the Italians was named the 8th Army. This same army, under the overall command of the German Colonial General Ludwig Beck but in reality under the operational control of the Ethiopian general Benjamin Davis, achieved the conquest of Tripolitania and Niger by the end of September. But more important was the two defeats inflicted on the Italian fleet on consecutive months, which pretty much eliminated them as a fighting force for the rest of the war.
July-August-September 1934; Western Front: With the French forces, still recoiling of their terrible defeat in Bremen and of the shock of the use of gas against them, being on the defensive the Germans and the Expeditionary forces (the IEF, the BEF and the CEF) launched limited offensives to eliminate the last remaining enemy forces still remaining in Baden and in the parts of the Netherlands north of the Rhine. A slow affair, the French fought tooth and nail for every inch of ground. Even the use of mustard gas in the offensive failed to create the expected rout of the French forces, finally taking close to three months to push the French completely out of the objectives.
July-August-September 1934; China Front- The Chinese were forced to move some of their elite units south to stop the advancing Japanese forces in both South China and Indochina. While the Chinese were successful in stopping the Japanese after the evacuation of Annam and Tonkin, their operation in the south of China have only limited success. By the end of September the war continued to be a drain for the Japanese, with over 60% of their forces being used in this theater.
July-August-September 1934; South American front- The Brazilian-Chilean alliance achieved some progress in the prosecution of the war during this months, with the defeat of the Peruvian forces in Ecuador and the combined victories of Paraguay and Brazil over Bolivia. Meanwhile Chile achieved some victories over both the Bolivian and Peruvians and by the end of September it seemed the Bolivians were ready to discuss terms. Argentina launched a couple of limited offensives to help relieve the pressure on their allies that achieved limited success.
July-August-September 1934; Eastern Front- With the Western front being relatively calm the Central Powers launched their first offensive operation in this front since the beginning of the war. Using gas on the offensive for the first time on this war, both the Germans and Austrians recovered some valuable pieces of real state. The Austrians achieved the biggest success, pushing the Russians out of the Hungarian plain and back into the Carpathian Mountains. Meanwhile the Germans pushed the Russians further away from the cities of Konigsberg and Warsaw, culminating with the capture of Memel and Brest by the end of September. Still the Central Powers showed no great operational innovations in these offensives. Later historians compare these offensives to “Russo-German War offensives using gas to achieve the breakthroughs.”
July-August-September 1934; Italian Front: The front was calm during the summer months. The Italians were too exhausted plus they had to sent their operational reserves to Africa to try to stop the Central Powers' juggernaut invading Libya. On the other hand both the Germans and the Austrians were too busy in the other fronts to do anything in the area. The main operations were only artillery duels and small patrolling.
July 1934- The Russians grind south slowly to Thermopylae.
July 1934- The Russian and Ottoman peace representatives meet at Bursa. The conference drags on throughout the month due to arguments amongst the Russian delegates about how harsh a peace should be imposed. Eventually, those favoring a somewhat more lenient peace win out after receiving the backing of the Tsar, and an agreement is made. The Russian delegates insist on the treaty being signed in Constantinople at the beginning of the next month.
July 1934- As the successes of the early days of 1933 get farther and farther away, and the French tanks' are now showing serious shortcomings in the slower-paced, deadlier war that some strategians and tacticians are beginning to call a "Slow-Go" war, a convention of French tank designers is called together at Fontainebleau to discuss new designs. The French General Staff insists on allowing only one design of tank to be mass-produced, easing logistics problems. After heated arguments between medium-tank and heavy-tank supporters, the heavy-tank proponents are successful in pressing their case.
July 1, 1934- HIJMS Fuso blows up at port in Kagoshima, Japan. Chinese saboteurs are blamed for the attack, although it was most likely caused by unstable explosives onboard.
July 4, 1934- Koba is shot and killed when his guerilla band's location is pointed out to the Russian Army. Their mistreatment of his corpse is photographed and filmed by an NBC reporter named William Schwartz. Schwartz's piece, which portrays Koba as a freedom fighter and the Russians as barely human murderers, is a major propaganda success for the Central Powers in the United States.
July 6th 1934- Flight Lt Frank Whittle is killed during a French raid on the Gibraltar Straits. Among his effects are the beginning plans for a scale model of a axial compressed turbine engine.
July 7, 1934 - France recognizes a new nation of Wallonia in Southern Belgium.
July 11th 1934- Japanese troops land in Halmahera, capturing the island with slight resistance.
July 11th 1934- The 8th Army launches their offensive in the direction of Tripoli while German colonial forces move north from Kamerun in the direction of Niger.
July 12 1934 German and Austrian Physicists under the guidance of Leo Szilárd with assistance from Ede Teller create the Berlin Pile at the University of Berlin.The pile was the world's first artificial self-sustaining nuclear reactor, consisting of uranium and graphite blocks with Cadmium coated control rods for neutron absorption. With Szilárd monitoring the neutron activiy and Teller working the control rods, the pile went critical at 11:20 a.m. and sustained the reaction for 33 minutes before Szilárd shut it down.
July 18th 1934- Ambon surrenders to a detachment of Japanese Special Landing Forces.
July 19th 1934-Zhanjiang captured by Japanese, putting in peril the lines of communication to Indochina.
July 20th 1934- Japanese troops land in Hue and in Haiphong in a coordinated attack to capture IndoChina.
July 28th 1934- Nanning is captured by advancing Japanese forces. Direct supply lines to Hanoi cut.
August 1934- The Russians make no less than seven unsuccessful attempts to land enough troops behind Thermopylae to survive Greek counterattacks and take the pass from behind before an eighth attempt succeeds. Nearly all of the French-designed landships are lost either at the failed beachheads or at sea when the lighters they are being moved on are sunk by Greek torpedo boats and aircraft.
August 1, 1934- Having traveled secretly to Istanbul, Tsar Alexis himself signs the Treaty of Constantinople in the great basilica of Hagia Sophia. The Ottoman Empire renounces to all claims to Kars, Armenia, Kurdistan, and cedes both sides of the Straits of Bosporus and Hellespont and the Sea of Marmara to the Russian Empire. In addition, Sinop will be occupied and fortified by Russia for a period of twenty years. The Ottoman Empire military is reduced in size and the government announces their neutrality in the current conflict.
August 4th 1934- Battle of Malta occurs. The British intercept a convoy of much needed Italian reinforcements 20 miles northwest of Malta, escorted by two Doria class battleships and one Roma light battleship. The British have recently transferred the four Saints to the Mediterranean Fleet and they all were present in the ambush. The superiority of the British was evident, with only the old battleship Bellerophon being the only major British casualty, while the three Italian ships were eliminated and the convoy forced to retire.
August 5, 1934 -- Always eager for good press, the Pennsylvania Railroad tries out one of Dr. Carson's ideas, turning the track from Pittsburgh to Cleveland into a "parkway" lined with native flora. American Weekly magazine calls Ms. Carson, "The Princess of the Technocratic Movement."
August 14th 1934- In a broadcast to the nation, President Swing reiterates his belief that the United States should remain neutral for the duration of the ongoing war given the lack of clear moral right for either side, citing the aggression of the Entente and the recent use of gas warfare by the Central Powers.
August 14th 1934- Chinese forces recapture the important city of Nanning, pushing the Japanese to the coast. But the damage was already done to the precarious situation in Indochina.
August 18th 1934- Hanoi falls to the Japanese. Chinese general decide to evacuate Annam due to the fear of encirclement.
August 21st 1934- Chaco region declared secured by Paraguayan Marshall Estigarribia. Estigarribia stopped offensive operations in the area and have to move forces south to face the Argentinean threat to the Paraguayan heartland.
August 23rd 1934-Japanese forces land in Nha Trang and began to move south in the direction of Saigon.
August 24, 1934 - General Granados of Costa Rica engages in secret negotiations with the French to attack the Nicaraguan Canal. However, when several French generals make it to San Jose to see the state of the Costa Rican army, they strongly warn Paris that Costa Rica could not be counted on.
August 25th 1934-Hefei fell to the Japanese after a four day battle. Further attempts by the Chinese to dislodge the Japanese failed.
August 29th 1934- Brazilian forces reach the Madre de Dios River on the north and the San Pablo River in the Santa Cruz province of Bolivia.
Fall 1934 - Republic of Central America intelligence claims to have unearthed a plot by the French to bribe the Costa Ricans in an attack on the Republic and the Panama Canal, in an attempt to cut it off from British forces. After negotiations thru the fall and with threats of invasion by the Republic of Central America finally Costa Rica agreed to a border change, pushing their border south 20 miles.The extra territory was considered a buffer zone to protect the Canal.
Fall 1934- A design for the new French tank is finally decided upon. The new tank will be much larger (and more expensive) than any other in the world. It weighs 75 tonnes and features two turrets, one with a 75mm gun in the front and one with a machine gun in the rear, plus three other independent machine gun positions along its immense 12 meter-long hull. It is well-armored (90mm in front, 75mm on sides), but can only go 15 mph, even with an advanced engine design. Prototypes are ordered.
September 1, 1934- The Greek government is moved by British destroyers to Crete.
September 3rd 1934- Paraguayan capital of Asuncion captured by Argentina after a three-week siege. Government moves to Pedro Juan Caballero City near the Brazilian border. Colonel Peron personally leads the final Argentine ground assault that sweeps through the battered city of Ascuncion. He is photographed as he helps several enlisted personnel hoist the Argentine flag over the presidential residence. He instantly becomes a hero in Buenos Aires.
September 4th 1934- City of Macara recaptured by Ecuadorian forces, last city under Peruvian occupation.
September 8th 1934- Battle of the Straits of Otranto. The Austrians recognized their fleet could be trapped and after coordinating with the British they tried to run the blockade in the Straits. The battle was the biggest dreadnaught battle in history, even bigger than the South China Sea battle of only five months before. The whole Austria-Hungarian Fleet tried to break the blockade of the Franco-Italian forces. The battle, part of it fought close by to minefields, was carnage for both the Italian and Austro-Hungarian fleets. From a original eight dreadnaughts and two battlecruisers in the Austro-Hungarian Fleet only seven dreadnaughts made it to open sea, with two of them under severe damage and three of the ships being sunk after hitting mines. Of the Italian forces present four battleships were sunk, all of them after the arrival of the British Saints. The French loses were two old battleships of the Courbet class. The British and Greek forces only lost the old British Battleship Neptune and the Greek battleship Crete.
September 8, 1934 - To try to force the French's hands into supporting him, General Granados has evidence of his secret discussions leaked by a subordinate. It turns out to be a horrible political miscalculation.
September 10, 1934- The Russian army enters Athens.
September 10, 1934 - France issues a denial of the Costa Rican documents. The Republic of Central America threatens to invade Costa Rica unless General Granados and his men are turned over to Managua, and Costa Rica agrees to a number of conditions that would make it a sitting duck for RCA annexation.
September 10th 1934- City of Lianyungang captured by Japanese, joining the Japanese Shantung and Central China Armies. The whole Chinese coast except by Tientsin was now on the hands of the Japanese.
September 11, 1934 - General Granados issues a strong, angry speech condemning the Republic of Central America, but quietly asks the United States to mediate in the crisis.
September 11th 1934- Japanese declares the independence of Vietnam with the puppet Cuong De as the new Emperor.
September 12th, 1934 - A French submarine mistakes the venerable ocean liner Titanic for a troopship and sinks it. The ship had been on its Dublin to New York run, and several prominant Irish-Americans were lost with the ship, including Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.
September 15th 1934- Tripoli falls to the advancing 8th Army.
September 16th 1934- Chilean forces capture the city of Tacna in Peru.
September 17, 1934- The Russians are able to push past the Isthmus of Corinth using sheer numbers against the exhausted Greek defenders. Organized resistance ends soon, and the Russians move to occupy the Peloponessus as quickly as the ground troops can get there.
September 17, 1934- HMS Orion is sunk by an Italian submarine off the west coast of Crete.
September 17th 1934- The British Empire allows the creation of a local Parliament in New Delhi. Considered by many the first step in the expected road to Dominion status for India.
September 18th 1934- Irish troops finally accept the surrender of the last remaining troops in the city of Rotterdam. The city was completely wrecked and the toll in the civilian population was enormous.
September 18th 1934- Production of the first German landship began in earnest. The Panzerwagen I is a copy of the French suspension mounting a 75mm gun in a turret. While a little bit slower than the French landships currently being used due to the extra armor and the heavier gun it was considered fast enough to be used in the type of offensive used during the last year in the Western Front.
September 18, 1934 - A proposal wherein the Costa Rican border would be shifted south fifteen miles is shown to the RCA and Costa Rican officials in Washington. The RCA surprisingly accepts it, however Costa Rica angrily refuses.
September 21st 1934- Generals Erwin Rommel and Heinz Guderian replaced as commanders of their respective Motorized Divisions and given command of the two Panzer Divisions being raised.
September 23rd 1934- City of Tumbes captured by advancing Brazilian forces in northern Peru.
September 27th 1934- Advance of the 8th Army is stopped in the Tunisian-Tripoli for reorganization of the troops.
September 27th 1934- City of Santa Maria in Brazil captured by advancing Argentinean troops. First recorded use of landships in the South American theater when twenty British build A1’s were used by the Argentineans in their advance to the coast.
September 28th 1934- Chilean forces reach Desaguadero River in Bolivia and plans were being made to capture La Paz during the summer.
September 29th 1934- France announces they are ending their unrestricted submarine campaign but still all military vessels will be targets.
September 30th 1934- Brazil puts an order to purchase one hundred American armored cars to counter the appearance of the British landships on the area.
September 30, 1934- The last Greek troops are evacuated from the Peloponessus by RN ships. The evacuated survivors of the Greek Army, numbering over 30,000, are transferred to the African front to participate in offensives against the French and Italians.
October-November-December 1934; Asian Front: The Japanese decided to concentrate their efforts against the remaining German forces in the area and they achieved their purpose by the end of the year. The British tried to support their German allies but the defeat of the remaining ships of the German/Dutch fleet forced the British to withdrew their Far East Fleet to the Indian Ocean or to Australia to forestall any attempt by the Japanese to move against either Australia or India.
October-November-December 1934; Middle East front- With the defeat of Greece more Russian forces were available to try to defeat the Central Powers forces in Syria and Palestine. An offensive was launched on the middle of October that pushed the “Free Turks” and the other forces further South by the end of the year. Only the arrival of more South African forces helped to slow down the tide. The British Indian Command launched an offensive into Persian Baluchistan to relieve the pressure of the forces on the east that achieved the recaptured of the area but was finally stopped by late December.
October-November-December 1934; African Front- The French moved forces from the European front to push the Central Powers forces away from their North African colonies, very important to their war effort. The joint Franco-Italian offensive into Tripolitania was successful, pushing the Central Powers forces into El-Agheila but the one in Niger wasn’t as successful with only limited gains been made.
October-November-December 1934; Balkan Front- The main event during this period was the start of The Uprisings. Serbian separatist forces under launched an uprising while Russian forces began moving north to support their rebellion. While the advance was slow the majority of the Austrian chemical weapons were further north. By the time some of the stock was moved to try to stop the Russian the remains of Serbia and the province of Montenegro was completely in the hands of the Russians. The year ended with street fighting in some cities in provinces with Serbian mayorities and the declaration of martial law in Croatia and Bosnia.
October-November-December 1934; Eastern Front- Both sides sat the months of the fall of 1934 facing each other thru the front, both sides preparing their next moves. The Russians were using their offensive strength in a massive operation in the Middle East and a minor one in the Balkans but preparations were being made for the next year. The Russians finally produced enough mustard gas to be a credible chemical threat to the Central Powers and the stocks were being stored for the future use in the front. Also the arrival of gas masks finally gave an effective countermeasure to the Central Powers chemical weapons and morally rose accordingly.But on the other hand the Germans also were preparing. The twelve divisions of the Motorized Corps were finally together for the first time since the middle of 1933, being brought up to strength and training with the still forming Panzerwagen divisions in the training fields in Saxony. The next year was going to be big in this front.
October-November-December 1934; Western Front- With the French rebuilding their landship forces and all available reserves of the French Army being used in North Africa the front was peaceful during this period. The French began to fortify their positions while the Germans decided to move the motorized forces in the front to the East.
October-November-December 1934; China Front- The Chinese shocked the world, achieving the only victory of the period for the Central Powers. In an offensive starting on November 3rd, General Zhu De used the 48th and 46th Route Armies to defeat the Japanese in the province of Guangdong attacking from bases in Hunnan and Guangxi, ending their offensive with the capture of Hong Kong.
October-November-December 1934; South American Front- The most important event during this period was the surrender of Bolivia on December 18th 1934. That event forced the Argentinian government to ask the British Empire to reach an negotiated peace with the Alliance but the offer was refused.
October-November-December 1934; Italian Front- The war also slowed down to a crawl in this front, with all nations in the war exhausted after over a year and a half of conflict. Combat in the area was reduced to small unit patrolling only but both sides were preparing for the next year.
October 1934 -- After an 8-year reign, Anderson's Populists are swept out of office by a resounding margin, with Liberals winning 64%. PM Jimmy Gardiner's first act is to repeal the General Immigration Act. And just in time, too -- for the first time in decades, Canada's ravenous demand for manual labor was drying up. The new Welcoming New Canadians Act encourages immigrants to go to school, learn a profession, and become more productive members of Canadian society.
October 1934-With the Fascisti Alliance seemingly on the run in the Mediterranean, the French military decides to attempt to change their fortunes. A grand and extremely risky naval, land, and air assault is planned by the French, Italians, and Russians for mid-October.
October 1, 1934 - Angry with the delay, the Republic of Central America moves many troops onto the border and brings the Central American Navy to blockade the city of Puerto Limon, Costa Rica's major Caribbean Port.
October 1st to 10th 1934- The New Orleans Cajuns surprise the baseball world by coming from a fifth place finish the season before to win it all 4 games to 3 over the Boston Blue Sox. With rookie first baseman Art Trojovsky (.332-36-144) winning the Leadership Award for the National League supported by second year outfielder Lee Johnson (.308-33-97) third year third baseman Joe Vaughn (.333-12-94) plus the pitching of Curt Davis (19-11-2.99-5) and Freddie Fitzsimmons (18-11-3.04-1) the Cajuns were a sensation on the South during this season, with thousand of fans making the trip from neighboring states to see them play.
October 2, 1934 - General Granados reluctantly agrees to the United States' proposal. The Republic of Central America says they will no longer agree to it, and demands twenty miles rather than fifteen. Realizing he has no hope of winning a war, and that the United States will support their ally but France will not support him, he agrees.
October 8th 1934- Saigon falls to the advancing Japanese forces. The Siamese army with British support and the remaining German forces in IndoChina moves into Cambodia and stops the Japanese in the Mekong River after some heavy fighting.
October 15th 1934- Port Moresby is captured after a surprise Japanese amphibious landing near the city. The island of New Guinea is declared secured by the Japanese High Command.
October 17th 1934- China puts an order for over 400 American M1A1 armored cars. The vehicles were delivered the next couple of months thru India.
October 17th 1934- BEF commander Lord Haig dies from a heart attack on his headquarters in Amsterdam. He's replaced as BEF commander by his subordinate Lord Gort.
October 18th 1934-The French moved 36 more submarines from the Atlantic through the Strait of Gibraltar during a three-day air assault by bomber units of the French air force. They will begin preying on the British convoys in the Mediterranean. The casualties to the air units that attacked Gibraltar were minimal but three of the French submarines failed in crossing the Gibraltar Straits defenses.
October 20, 1934 - General Federico Tinoco Granados flees San Jose after riots hit the capital demanding the return of democracy in the small nation.
October 27th 1934-The Italians launched a surprise attack on the British and Central Powers battlefleets in Alexandria using midget submarines and frogmen. They achieved moderate success, sinking an Austro-Hungarian battleship and damaged a Greek one. But they failed in their main objective of damaging the British Saints. They were on their way to the Far East and not berthed on Alexandria at the time of the attack.
October 28th 1934-Nearly a hundred Italian and Russian strategic bombers spared for the ocasion attack Alexandria. The losses were staggering and achieved very little thanks to the failure on coordination between the naval and air attackers. The defenders were on high alert after the attack by submarines the day before and the attack lacked total surprise.
November 1934: Herbert Hoover is elected congressmen, and regains his place on Capitol Hill with tremendous applause from both parties.
November 1934: Candidates working with Welles and his firm are almost all re-elected with over 54% of the vote. Welles is boosted into political prominence as an advisor, and his firm quadruples in size practically overnight. Welles, a very confidant public speaker, begins to personally promote Democratic legislative agendas across the nation. He deals with both national and very local politics. His firm, unlike other political organizations, has a strong focus on grass roots politics. He works with both big business and Populist farmers, helping all Democrats out, from all factions.
November 1934- Jose Coll y Cuchi wins the presidential election in Puerto Rico. A more conservative man than the former president, he still continued to work to raise the standard of living of the Puerto Ricans and to launch the economy forward. Even when his nation stayed neutral during the Global War, the nation’s economy suffered due to the reduction of the trade with the European markets for their agricultural products like coffee and sugar.
November 1934- Rafael Espaillat wins the Dominican Republic elections in a very close election, defeating the designated successor of President Arias, Francisco Pratt Ramirez. A member of the Liberal Party, he began to get closer during his administration to the Puerto Rican president Coll y Cuchi and began to copy the socialist measures of Puerto Rico. On the international front the nation was neutral during the war but their economy suffered due to the reduction of trade with Europe.
November 8th 1934- Japanese forces land in Timor. The neutral small Portuguese garrison is overran and now the city of Darwin was in range of Japanese long range bombers.
November 11th 1934- Boeing delivers the first monoplane fighter aircraft to the United States Army Air Corps. The aircraft, know as the P-14, was armed with two .30 caliber guns with a range of 635 miles, capable of cruising 200 MPH and having a ceiling of over 27,000 feet. The aircraft was faster and had a better range than the current fighters being used in the European war, with the German Hansa-Brandeburg 65 being the closest one in performance. By the end of 1936 some nations in both sides of the conflict have the export version P-14 on their inventory. The export version was a little bit slower and with less range than the USAAC production model but proved still very popular thru the world.
November 11th 1934- City of Tripoli in Lebanon falls to the Russians.
November 12th 1934- Portugal declares war to the Japanese Empire.
November 14th 1934- Baluchistani front finally broken by Royal Indian Army. City of Zahedan falls to the advancing Indians.
November 16th 1934- Another two volunteer Jewish Brigades are raised in Palestine from refugees from Salonika. David ben Gurion began speaking of an “Army for a New Israel.”
November 17th 1934- Battle of the Java Sea. The remaining German/Dutch East Indies fleet was ordered to intercept the Japanese invasion force moving in the direction of Java. The battle was a terrible affair, with one battleship, the Dutch Amsterdam, being present at the beginning. The Central Powers fleet almost broke thru the screen of cruisers protecting the troop carriers and only the arrival of the Battleship Division 4, composed of the four Kaga Class battleships, saved the day. The Central Power fleet was forced to retire but the Amsterdam was the main target of the Japanese dreadnaughts that sunk after a heavy barrage by the Japanese ships. Only 27 men survivors were picked up by the Japanese ships. The Japanese lost five cruisers, one heavy and four light ones, while the German/Dutch lost the battleship and two light cruisers. But more important, the attempt to stop the invasion of Java failed.
November 17th 1934- Canton is recaptured by the 48th Route Army.
November 18th 1934- City of Santa Cruz falls to the Brazilian forces.
November 18th 1934- Japanese forces land north of Surabaya and west of Batavia.
November 19, 1934 -- José Vasconcelos of the Liberal Party wins on a platform of pan-Americanism and emphasis on education. While Zapata's party had been supporting Otilio Montaño Sánchez, Zapata urged, "All South Mexicans should accept this result. The elections were fair, they were free from intimidation, and they produced a man who promises to respect the rights of all South Mexicans. Today I can resign, because South Mexico is finally a true democracy."
November 19th 1934- Macao is recaptured by the Chinese, who began using the nearby airfields to bomb the now surrounded city of Hong Kong.
November 29th 1934- Last remaining forces in Java surrender to the Japanese.
November 29th 1934- Bandar Baheshi captured. Advance to the coast continues. Russian began moving forces from occupation duty further west to try to stop the advance.
November 30th 1934- Bazman falls to the Indians. Persian Baluchistan is under Anglo-Indian control.
December 7th 1934- Front in the Desaguadero River finally broken by Chilean troops, the road to La Paz was open.
December 10th 1934- Ireland puts an order for over 120 American armored cars to build their first landship unit.
December 11th 1934- Russian announce the creation of a Kingdom of Montenegro with the former ruling house being brought back to the throne.
December 14th 1934- Damascus is captured but advance is being slowed down with the arrival of fresh troops.
December 17th 1934- Japanese General Staff decides to began the evacuation of Hong Kong after the attempts to retake Canton and lift the siege of Hong Kong ended in failure.
December 18th 1934- Bolivia asked for a ceasefire and terms to end the conflict to Brazil, Chile and Paraguay.
December 22nd 1934- Argentina began a tactical withdraw in both Paraguay and Brazil to better defensive positions. The Argentinian General Staff recognized the danger the surrender of Bolivia was for their survival. The again-promoted Major General Peron is given command of the Argentine armies facing Brazil and Paraguay.
December 25th 1934- A message was send to London requesting their help in achieving a ceasefire. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill responded he will try to do his best to end the war in a positive way for the Argentinians.
December 27th 1934- Beirut falls to the Russians but operations are stopped due to exhaustion.
December 28th 1934- Russian advance is stopped south of Sarajevo by the use of chemical weapons in masse.
December 29th 1934- Japanese main force is evacuated from the city of Hong Kong. The small garrison left behind surrenders two days later.
December 31st 1934- Brazil, Chile, Paraguay refused to discuss terms. The war continues.
Winter 1934- As the prototypes' production is delayed by the lack of a suitable engine, the tank manufacturers are ordered to delay retooling their factories for the new design and continue building the old tanks.
1935- Baja California becomes a state of the Union.
1935- Vigilante white supremists outraged by the killing of a white man by another race, start aggressive attacks on what they call Chinamen which is pretty much anyone who has almond shaped eyes. Murders start popping up in Asian enclaves in the United States, most notably in Oakland and Los Angeles.
1935 - Vladimir Ilyich Lenin begins making propaganda broadcasts out of the German Empire to the Russian troops, encouraging them to revolt and to give up the war in the name of the workers.
1935 - Rocket barrages deep behind each side's lines, some hundreds of miles, become a regular part of the war.
1935- Shortstop Paul Dimaggio contract is sold to the Chicago Cubs by the San Francisco Seals. One of the most beloved players on the history of the Cubs, he has to retire in 1952 after chronic back injuries sapped his power and reduced his playing time since 1949.
1935- After reporting several excellent pieces from the Great War, Schwartz, now famous, is thrust into the spot as "anchor" for NBC's "The Evening News". He will hold this spot for 30 years, solidify NBC's lead in news broadcasting for nearly twenty years, and become an American icon.
1935 - Flamethowers and gas warfare has become common practice on both sides of the conflict in Europe, and are beginning to be used in Asia as well.
January-June 1935; African Front- The front in Lybia turned into trench warfare, with neither side strong enough to force the issue in the region. With a big part of the forces in the area been moved to the Middle East, the defense of Central Power occupied Lybia felt mainly to the Ethiopian Expeditionary Force and the German Askaris. Meanwhile further south for the first time since the recapture of Ghana an offensive was launched in the area. While the mainly South African force pushed west into the Ivory Coast, a amphibious force mainly composed of recently raised Canadian troops and Royal Marines landed near Freetown in Sierra Leone capturing the city by June 18th.
January-February-March 1935; Western Front- The Germans were on the defensive on this front, especially after the shock of the massive Russian winter offensive that started in early January forced them to use all available reserves in the Eastern Front. Still the Expeditionary Forces (BEF, IEF and CEF) launched an offensive to liberate the parts of the Netherlands still on the hands of the French. In the narrow front the casualties were heavy and for the first time the French have effective countermeasures to gas, making the advance very slow. By the end of March the attacks were ended but Central Powers forces were inside Belgium for the first time since 1933.
January-February-March 1935;China Front- The Chinese, soaring with their success in Guangdong, tried to launch an offensive aimed at Nanking and Shanghai that continued until the end of June and ended in failure. The quality of the forces used was not of the best the Chinese army could offer and the Japanese forces had time to fortify their positions during the lull in this part of the front.
January-February-March 1935; Middle East Front- With the Russians launching their massive offensive on the Eastern Front aimed at ending the war this front was calm during the early months of the year. A limited offensive was launched by the British Indian Army that captured Bandar Abbas by late March plus a surprise push from Arabia recaptured the city of Basra.
January-February-March 1935; South American Front- The surrender of Bolivia forced both the Peruvians and the Argentinians on the defensive. While the Peruvians surrendered in late January, the Argentinians put a very credible defense, defeating Chileans advances in the provinces of Mendoza, La Rioja and Catamarca forcing them back into Chile while slowly given land in the Patagonia and in the occupied territories in Paraguay and Brazil.
January-May 1935; Asian Front- This front saw two offensives been launched by the Japanese during this period, both of them continue thru the summer and one ended in a victory and the other in a defeat. The Sumatran Offensive started in early February and by the end of March was still a going concern. But the biggest surprise was the defeat of small Anglo-Australian naval force defending Queensland and the landing of a three division force north of Brisbane. The Australian forces were badly positioned, expecting an invasion either in Darwin or in northern Queensland, and the Japanese took advantage of the situation to gain some ground. By the end of May they were still in the rampage and moving in the direction to Sydney.
January-June 1935; Eastern Front- In early January 1935 more than a million Russians launched forward in the greatest offensive in the history of the world. Using chemical weapons and by sheer numbers alone they pushed forward into Poland, East Prussia, Hungary and Slovakia. By the end of June the front sat near Konigsberg, going south putting Breslau, Pressburg and Budapest on the very front lines. Many defeatist in the Central Powers were calling for an end of the hostilities but their movement didn’t have enough strength yet to force their governments into the negotiation table.
January-June 1935; Italian Front- The front continued to be a meat grinder with the Italian advance been measured in meters. While not widespread, opposition on some sectors of the Italian government to the war began to appear.
Spring 1935- The French prototypes are finally finished and tested with their engines, but tank production is greatly slowed by the need to retool for the new design.
Spring 1935- First reported use of mustard gas in the South American front and in the Middle East fronts.
January 1935 In his State of the Union Address, President Swing calls for implementation of a windfall tax on arms sales. The arms industry begins to move away from support of Swing due to this proposal.
January 7th 1935- Due to his success in the Western Front, Field Marshall Paul von Lettow Vorbeck named German Army Chief of the Generals' Staff.
January 8th 1935- Roger Hornsby announces his retirement from baseball after a last season with the Cajuns. Having a third consecutive sub-par season (.239-7-33) he considered his playing time were over and accepted a position as manager for the lowly Brooklyn Mets.
January 12th 1935- Chilenian forces recapture Puerto Santa Cruz in the Patagonia but any further attempts to advance are defeated.
January 17th 1935- Irish forces cross the Waal river and continued to move south under heavy pressure.
January 23rd 1935- Peru asks for a ceasefire and terms from Ecuador, Chile and Brazil.
February 1935: Swing introduces a new guest worker program to help increase the number of Mexican workers in the US to provide manpower for his proposed public works projects. The move angers many nativists, and alienates many Populist politicians, most notably Senator Hanslow, who is afraid of New Mexico being overrun.
February 3rd 1935- Island of Pulau Bangka captured to serve as base of operations for the coming invasion of Sumatra.
February 12th 1935- First use of mustard gas in South America. Used to defeat the advancing Chilenian troops advancing in the direction of Mendoza and La Rioja. Chilenian troops routed and returned back into Chile.
February 12th 1935- British and Dutch troops finally cross the Meuse river after two weeks of heavy fighting.
February 17th 1935- Japanese forces land north and east of Palembang and began to converge in the direction of the city while another force cross the Sunda Strait and began moving north thru the western coastal road.
February 18th 1935- Sarajevo falls to Russians.
February 19th 1935-Germany began raising four more motorized divisions. The Motorized forces were being kept out of the war by the Chief of Staff Von Lettow, awaiting for the right moment to be used.
February 21st 1935- Memel finally surrender after close to a months siege.
February 23rd 1935- First battle between landships in South America. 30 Argentinian A1 forced a draw with the first Brazilian armored regiment composed of 100 American build M1A1 armored cars. The Argentinian landships covered the retreat across the Uruguay River from Brazilian territory but losing more than half of their numbers while inflicting over 40 vehicles damaged of destroyed in the process. The Brazilian vehicles were lighter in both armor and weapons to the British build ones and the lack of training of the Brazilians was also noticed by foreign observers.
March 4th 1935- A major air attack is launched against Singapore to eliminate the air bases in the city . The attack was a fiasco, with the majority of the expected aircrafts already moved to fields out of the range of the Japanese land based bombers in Borneo.
March 7th 1935- Russian forces reach Warsaw. House to house fighting began but main forces by-pass the city and continued moving West.
March 11th 1935- City of Breda captured after heavy fighting.
March 13rd 1935- Battle of the Coral Sea. The small Anglo/Australian forces try to stop the invasion fleet detected by recon seaplanes. The battle was a true carnage. The Japanese loss two old dreadnaughts(the Aki and the Kawachi ) and the battlecruiser Ikoma to combat and the battlecruiser Hiruna to a submarine later on the day while supporting the landings. The Central Powers capitals ships losses were the Australian battlecruiser Canberra and the British battleship Poseidon of the Colossus class. But the rest of the British Task Force suffered damage and has to withdraw, failing to stop the invasion fleet.
March 14th 1935- Treaty of La Paz signed with Bolivia. Bolivia is forced to renounce to their claims to the Chaco region and accept Paraguay's control of the area. Brazil moves the border into San Pablo River in the Bolivian province of Santa Cruz while Chile gains small territorial concesions in the provinces of Potosi, Oruro and La Paz.
March 15th 1935- Eindhoven falls to the Central Powers.
March 17th 1935- French forces in the north of the Rhineland made a tactical retreat with the threat of being cutoff looming over their heads. The new line was located north of Dusseldorf.
March 18th 1935- Bandar Abbas captured by the 7th Indian Division. The Russian hold to the entrance of the Persian Gulf is ended.
March 20th 1935- Brisbane is declared an open city after being captured by Japanese.
March 21st 1935- Chaos erupts in Australia as their worst fears occurs. The British orders BattleCruiser Division 2 (composed now of the four Hood Class battlecruisers) to sail from Bombay south while Battleship Division 9 (composed of three Formidable Class battleship) to sail from Great Britain to Australia.
March 21st 1935- Central Powers troops enter Belgium territory for the first time since 1933.
March 23rd 1935- Basra falls to a joint Anglo-Ottoman force.
March 24th 1935- Ali bin Hussein declares the independence of the Hejaz. This is supported by the British and the "Free Ottomans" leader Kemal agrees to the fact. Russians began to ship weapons to a rival faction based in Riyadh led by the Saud family.
March 26th 1935- Asuncion declared an open city by the Argentinian defenders. The recognition of the war being lost was setting in and the city was spared to help them in the negotiation table.
April-December 1935; Middle East Front- With the Russians being forced to move reserves north to first keep their offensive in the Eastern Front going and later to counter both the Austro-German offensives plus to deal with growing guerilla unrest in occupied Turkey and Greece gave the joint British/Free Turk forces the chance to launch another offensive against the now beleaguered Russians. By the end of the year Baghdad, Damascus and Beirut were all in the hands of the Central Powers while further east the Russians were finally pushed from the coasts of the Persian Gulf.
April-December 1935; Western Front- France launched their expected offensive starting in late April aimed to support the Russian one going on in the East. But this time the methodical use of the new CA2 landships to support the infantry after long preparatory bombardments and the use of great quantities of mustard gas made up for a slow advance. The defenders in this front, mainly the British-Canadian-Irish Expeditionary forces with the Dutch territorial Army included, were shocked by the new weapons of the French Army but the French tactics made possible an organized fighting withdrawl back to the Rhine, pretty much taking the French eight months to recover the land they loss during the early months of the year.
April 1935- Japan put an order for 120 P-14 fighters with Boeing. The plan is to use the aircrafts in the new aircraft carriers expected to be completed by the end of the year.
April-June 1935 Ernest Hemingway investigates the story of one of Quentin Roosevelt’s secretaries regarding his meeting with the French and the Italians. He discovers that the story was actually a fabrication by a rival of Roosevelt Aviation. He publishes a large expose which vindicates Roosevelt and causes a major shake-up at the rival corporation.
April-May 1935; South American Front- Argentina was now facing alone the combined forces of Brazil, Paraguay and Chile and the strain began to show. While putting a credible defense the sheer numbers of their attackers forced them out of the last captured territory in Brazil and Paraguay by late April and the situation seemed lost by the middle of May. Lucky for them the other side has problems of their own. Chile was exhausted also after over three years of war, Brazil still was reeling of the effects of their civil war while the occupation of half of Paraguay for a short time hurt the economy of that nation. All that coupled with the US decision to cut arms shipments to the area brought all parts to the negotiation table by late May of 1935. The war in South America was over.
April-December 1935; China front- The war in China slowed down to a positional one until late on July, when the Chinese under guidance of their German instructors used US build armored cars(tanks) to push deep into Manchurian territory for the first time on the war. But after the capture of Mukden the lack of training of the Chinese in maintenance of their vehicles showed and the rate of breakdowns forced them to stop their advance. Also mustard gas was used for the first time in the failed attempt by the Chinese to capture Nanking due to the Japanese already using copies of Russian gas masks.
April 6th 1935- The leader of the Gendarmerie Elie Lescot leads a failed coup in Haiti. The decimation of the suspected sympathizers of Lescot in the Gendarmerie weakened the already weak Peralte’s position.
April 9th 1935- Reinforcements from India allocated to be sent by the British Far East Command to try to at least hold on to the northern part of the island of Sumatra are instead diverted to Australia.
April 11th 1935: Quentin Roosevelt meets at their request with the French and Italian ambassadors. The meeting is leaked by a secretary, who claims that confidential information not yet known by the US government was passed along.
April 15th 1935- Japanese forces reach Coffs Harbor. Japanese forces defeat an attempt by the Australian 6th Division to capture Brisbane by defeating them in the Battle of Toowoomba.
April 19, 1935 -- Following up on a major campaign promise, South Mexico's Congress passes the Education and Mayan Culture Act. It significantly increases school funding so that the longstanding promise of free universal education through age 18 can be a reality for all of South Mexico, not just children in big cities. It creates the Institute for the Advancement of the Mayan Language, with offices at the U. of Veracruz, Chiapas State U., and College of the Virgin Mary. Each school district is required to offer optional classes in Mayan and English literature, and may switch to Mayan-language instruction in other areas "where it would not prejudice Spanish-language instruction."
April 26th 1935- Russian forces reach the outskirts of Budapest.
Summer 1935- The new French tanks finally begin rolling off of the assembly line in reasonable quantities, but there are fewer of the new tanks being built than there were of the old design.
Summer 1935- Dr. Hans Von Ohain with the help from the Junkers Technical team produces the first practical jet engine, the Junkers RTO. But due the sudden death of Hugo Junkers and the growing concerns of the global war no further work is done and the engine is put in storage and soon forgot.
May 1935- President Garcia-Morelos wins the first presidential elections of the Commonwealth of Rio Grande, him being appointed by President Swing in 1931 with the idea of giving time for the development of political parties in the area. Garcia -Morelos was what it can be called a Republican, with factions tied to the United States Democrats and to the Populists movements also in existence. Also some factions existed that were clamoring for union with US and others with the existing rump Mexico. But violence was over and both the US and the Commonwealth government were hoping that peace last.
May 1935: With opposition from the Populists, nativists, and industrialists, Swing's windfall tax fails to pass Congress. With the newer entitlement programs eating into revenues it is impossible for Swing to gain funds for his more ambitious public works programs yet again.
May 16th 1935- The new British landship, the A2, entered production. With more armor, close to 60mm all-around and armed with a 6 pounder and two 2 pounders in separate turrets the engine needed to be reworked to carry the additional weight. Still the British were surprised when the comparable French behemoths appeared about the same time on the Western Front.
May 17th 1935- Major General Archibald Butts asks the US Department of the Army for the design of a heavier armored car after the poor demostration of the American build armored cars in South America.
May 18th 1935- A British naval force attacks a major Japanese convoy aimed for Brisbane. The carnage was brutal for the Japanese Imperial Navy. The Japanese escorts, led by the battecruisers Hiei and Ibuki, were sunk and the supplies and reinforcements forced to retire.
May 18th 1935- Treaty of Callao signed with Peru. Peru gave the province of Tumbes to Ecuador and recognized their borders as “binding and eternal.” Chile acquired the province of Tacna while Brazil received small territorial concessions on the Amazons.
May 26th 1935- First use of the new French landship near Dusseldorf.
May 29th 1935- Last Central Powers troops in Warsaw finally surrender after close to three months of terrible fighting.
June-December 1935; Asian Front- The Japanese concluded their conquest of Sumatra by the end of July of 1935 after the final evacuation of the British forces from Aceh. But most shocking was the landing of Japanese forces in Johore and Penang and by the end of the year Singapore was under siege. But all was not well for the Japanese Empire. The forces in Australia were checked in their advance in the direction of Sydney by the redeployment of forces from the north and the fast arrival of Indian troops to help in the defense of the Australian Continent. By the end of the year the Japanese forces in Australia were cutoff from supplies and were considered lost by the Japanese General Staff. They received orders to resist as long as possible to tie down Australian forces until the city of Singapore could be captured. As a site note, with the evacuation of French Polynesian islands by Australian and New Zealander troops the islands were captured by Japanese naval landing teams late in September.
June 7th 1935- Russians fail in their attempt to cutoff the city of Konigsberg from the rest of Germany but pressure was put on the city.
June 15th 1935- Half of Budapest on the hands of the Russians. Talks of separate peace by some elements in Austria-Hungary start.
June 15th 1935- With situation in the Commonwealth of Rio Grande considered now under control, the last US troops cross the border back into the US.
June 30th 1935- City of Breslau reached by Russian forces. High tide of their advance thru the war.
July-December 1935; Eastern Front- The Germans finalized launched their counteroffensive on late July, when they achieved air superiority over Western Poland and used the tactics first devised by Charles De Gaulle on a scale never seen. Sixteen motorized divisions and two Panzer divisions attacked the flanks of the Russian forces and in three weeks pocketed 60,000 men in Silesia. Only heroic actions permited the Russians to save some their forces but by the end of the year the front was sitting on the Bug River. Also the less succesful Austro-Hungarian offensive forced the Russians to raise their attack of Budapest but the severity of the casualties forced the Austro-Hungarians to end their offensive by the end of November. The Russian gamble to end the war failed. For the rest of the war the Russians stayed on the defensive on this front.
July-December 1935; African Front- The war in Africa sat to a standstill with both alliances shifting forces to other fronts, with the only major event being the invasion and capture of the island of Madagascar by a combined South African/German Colonial force.
July-December 1935; Italian Front- The Italian continued their slow advance into the Austro-Hungarian Empire but by now the Italian Fascisti government was being forced to keep more troops on the rear due to a growing movement clamoring for the end of the war.
July 17th 1935- First nuclear reactor build in Germany on a secret location using the concept of heavy water to create the reaction as a joint German-Austrian venture. Still Leo Szilard and other continued to try to find alternate ways to produce enriched uranium.
July 23rd 1935- Germany launched their expected counteroffensive on the East, “Operation Wotan.” Two fast moving thrusts attacked the Russian flanks and tried to pocket the Russian forces in Silesia and in Prussia.
July 25th 1935- Austria-Hungary launches their counteroffensive in an attempt to tie as many Russians as possible.
July 29th 1935- Treaty of Montevideo signed, finally ending the war in South America. Argentina was forced to make territorial concessions to both Brazil and Chile but the threat of continuing the war make the terms considerably mild. Chile claims to Patagonia up to the Rio Chico are recognized by Argentina while Brazil annexed the province of Misiones and got the demilitarization of all provinces east of the Parana River for twenty years. Paraguay got navegation right to the Parana River for eternity and monetary compensation for the damages caused during the short occupation of parts of their country.
July 31st 1935- Russian forces began moving away from Pressburg. Major Adolph Hitler II, son of the painter and author of the same name, wins the highest military awards of the Empire for his actions during the capture of the city.
August 2, 1935 -- Gertrude Stein moves from New Orleans back to her hometown of Pittsburgh, specifically to the suburb of Moon, where she takes a position on the Mellon University faculty. Despite the Crescent City's liberalism, Gertrude Stein's "wife" Mercedes de Acosta has increasingly become "an embarassment" cited by some of Louisiana's more caustic politicians.
August 18th 1935- General Georgi Zhukov, commanding an ad hoc force composed of armored car and mounted cavalry, keeps the front lines north of Lodz open for three days before being overwhelmed by the advancing German forces. His actions let close to 20,000 men escape to safety further east. It was the first action between Russian armored cars and the new German Panzers. General Zhukov actually escaped with part of his forces and was promoted to the rank of Lt. General for his actions.
August 19th 1935- First use of the American build P-14 fighter in the Great War by the French airforces. By late 1936 France has the biggest number of these aircrafts out of the United States with close to a thousand of them.
August 28th 1935- Chinese forces capture Mukden after heavy fighting.
August 29th 1935- Finally Russian forces pushed away from Budapest after close to a month of house to house fighting.
September 4th 1935- Krakow recaptured by the Polish 7th Army.
September 5, 1935 -- The Vasconcelos administration passes the South Mexican Civil Service Act, creating a body of the same name to act as a watchdog in government hiring. The Service is ordered to standardize job descriptions and whereever possible tie hiring criteria to good grades at University. The Act borrows heavily from similar laws in the USA and Ethiopia.
September 8th 1935- German mobile forces achieved three major crossings on the Vistula River and continued to move east. The city of Warsaw is bypassed.
September 19th 1935- Russian forces based in Warsaw launched an attack against the advancing German forces but are forced back into the city.
Fall 1935- First reported use of mustard gas in the African and the Far East fronts.
Fall 1935: Stories begin to be published claiming that in his everyday dealings as Secretary of State, Roosevelt favors his brother when it comes to trade negotiation. The evidence is slight, and both Roosevelt brothers deny it. The Freemans Journal and UV, the Hearst Founadation with AW, and even the pro-Swing Pullitzer Inc. with NBC all jump on this as evidence that part of the administration is in the pocket of the arms industry. Pulitzer Inc., with the support of Hemmingway, takes a very different angle, stating that Roosevelt had betrayed Swing in his support of the arms industry. Hemmingway’s view is seen as more credible given his recent positive story regarding Quentin Roosevelt.
September 30th 1935- German mobile forces are moved away from the front lines due to exhaustion. But the principle of “Blitzkrieg”, a word coined by Guderian, was proved as correct.
October 1935 - Patton sends a memo to General Butt, commenting on the recent 'Blitzkrieg' tactics of the Germans in Europe. He suggests changes to the armored car development program to capitalize on these types of tactics.
October 1935 -- The Top League becomes the first all-pro Mexican Football League. It will fold 6 years later, but serves as the template for the more successful Gulf League.
October 1st to 6th 1935- New York Yankees return to the World Series after a two year absence, beating the defending champs New Orleans Cajuns 4 games to 1. In a Yankee team where the perennial leaders of the team Al Szymanski (.287-16-79) and George Ruth (.288-21-59) have sub-par seasons due to age and injuries the lead of the team was taken by a new generation of players; Five year veteran player Max Gomez (26-5-2.31-0) and third year player Rodrigo Amador (20-7- 2.99-0) led the pitching staff while second base Al Serrano (.327-37-118-31) won the Continental League Leadership Award by being the first man to hit 30 homers and steal 30 bases on the same season.
October 18th 1935- German colonial forces land near Diego Suarez.
October 22nd 1935- South African forces disembark on the south of the island of Madagascar and began moving north in the direction of the capital.
October 24th 1935- Sarajevo recaptured with signs of massacres of suspected pro-Austrian sympathizers found. Hungarian corps commander Bela Ferenc Blasko announces the “Russian horde will be expelled of the sacred lands of the Empire by the end of the year.” He was wrong of course but very significative progress was made. Still his standing orders to execute all rebel Serbs in Bosnia was called controversial at the end of the war.
Late October 1935: Swing, who had appointed Roosevelt under pressure from the Party, begins to see an excuse to get rid of the hawkish Roosevelt.
November 1935: The American Musical Guild, an association that encourages cooperation among the various professions associated with music, decides to create the Note Awards, an awards show patterned on the Motion Picture Awards. Awards will be presented every February for the best contributions in artistic and technical endeavors over the previous year.
November 1st 1935- When word leaks out of the Swing Executive Mansion that President Swing is considering removing Roosevelt from State, Theodore Roosevelt Jr. becomes despondent. That night, however, his brother Quentin meets with him and challenges him to rise to the occasion. Together, they plan to face the accusations wrongly leveled at their family.
November 2nd 1935- Theodore Roosevelt Jr. calls a news conference, where he publicly resigns and castigates the rumor mill that has unjustly persecuted him and his family, as well as the Swing Administration for its several failings. He announces a joint lawsuit by his family for libel against those new services that have tried to implicate him of impropriety.
November 7th 1935- President Swing nominates James Couzens as the new Secretary of State, a popular figure who had already announced that he was not running for re-election, though most assumed that he would be running for the senate in '36.
November 7th 1935: Theodore Roosevelt Jr. hires Darrow to be his lawyer.
November 11th 1935- Russian 9th Army’s commander surrender in Poznan. 60,000 Russians go into POW camps.
November 17th 1935- First operational Hansa Brandeburg 68's,an upgrade of the 65's, enter service into the German Air Corps. By the end of the war the 68's were the only frontline biplanes still in service in any major power. While superior to the P-14 in speed with 215 miles and in service ceiling with 28,000 feet, it was armed with only two machineguns and have a very short range of 380 miles. After the war it was know that the airforces suffered due to funds being used for the "Thor Project."
November 18th 1935- Germany puts an order to purchase the American P-14 to supplement the number of their aircrafts.
December 1935 - The Republic of China protests to the American government the recent spurt of violence against ethnic Chinese.
December 17th 1935- German forces clear the last Russian forces west of the Bug River except for the entrenched forces in Warsaw and Lublin.
December 18th 1935- French authorities in Madagascar surrender to the advancing Central Powers troops.
1936- The attacks persist. Many of the Asian immigrants in question now carry handguns or knives to protect themselves. But on April 17th, a few Chinese take matters into their own hands. After witnessing a friend being beaten to death by 3 white men in an alley at the docks, 5 Chinese workers, all armed with knives or handguns, kill the 3 white men. In retaliation the white rascists kill every single person in a Chinese-run opium den in Oakland. Counter-attack after counter-attack follows, and the Chinese part of town in many cities starts becoming a bad place for whites to go, sort of a ghetto.
1936- German leading rocket researchers Walther Hohmann and Willy Ley develop the V-3 rocket. A multi stage rocket, it was capable of hitting Moscow from deep in German territory.
1936- Sonora becomes a state.
1936- Olympic games cancelled due to the Great War. The host city was supposed to have been Rome.
January-June 1936; Asian Front- The fall of Singapore early on the year was a heavy blow for the British Empire but it was balanced with the surrender of the ill fated Japanese forces in Australia. While defeating the Japanese in Australia was a political decision, the bulk of the British armed forces were either in Europe or in the Middle East so the front was considered a secondary one by the Empire. On the other hand the Japanese Empire was exhausted. With the war in China turning into a quagmire, political feelers to end the conflict were send to the British and German Empires but were refused out of hand.
January-June 1936; Middle East Front- Grand Duke Michael, commanding the front, used his political cloud to get recently promoted Lt. General Zhukov moved to his front plus valuable reserves, troops and equipment to launch a massive offensive to reach the Persian Gulf again. Operation Babylon was a success for the Russian Empire and only supply problems stopped them in Kuwait. Zhukov used Russian made copies of the French CA-1 landships and troops in lorries to achieve something similar to the events in Poland late last year in the plains of Mesopotamia. Still many officers and members of the Russian government resented the way the Grand Duke used his power to get what he wanted while troops in other fronts suffered. This being the last time the Russian launched any major offensive in the war.
January-June 1936; African Front- The Central Powers decided to concentrate into defeating France before tackling the mighty Russian Empire and as such the 8th Army moved forward in Tripoli, in an attempt to tie French forces in the area while events were unfolding in Europe. The casualties were very heavy at the beginning but with the French been forced to move troops back to Europe a breakthrough was finally achieved in this front in late April.
January-June 1936; Western Front- The Central Powers decision to concentrate in eliminating France before tackling Russia once and for all was a very controversial one at the time, especially in Germany, but it proved to be the correct one at the end. With the German mobile divisions still recovering from the late 1935 campaign in the Eastern Front the bulk of the fighting fell to the so-called Expeditionary forces and to the German-Dutch territorial divisions. The advance was very slow at the beginning, but the offensive began to gain momentum by early March, with all Dutch territory free of French forces for the first time since the middle of 1933 and the fall of Antwerp in late April was hailed as a great victory in the British and German news. By the end of June the French were also forced to evacuate all the Rhineland territories north of Dusseldorf due to the fear of being encircled.
January-June 1936; Eastern Front- Except for limited offensives by the Germans that recaptured Memel and cleared the Masurian Lakes area in Prussia from Russian soldiers the front was in relative calm. The Russians were exhausted while the Germans and the Austrians were too busy in other fronts to push the issue in the area.
January-June 1936; Italian Front- For the first time since the beginning of the war the Austro-Hungarian forces took the initiative in this front. The terrain channeled the forces and casualties were severe but the Italians were pushed back all thru the front, the biggest achievement being the recapture of Trieste.
January-June 1936; Balkan Front- The Austrian-Hungarian forces took advantage of the movement of forces by the Russians to other fronts to advance forward and clear Bosnia of Russian forces. Meanwhile in Greece partisan activity increased due to the reduction of the number of troops in the area and Russia asks the Bulgarians to help in the pacification of the area. The puppet Greek government lost a lot of credibility and support due to this.
January-June 1936;China Front- The Chinese continued their attacks into Manchuria but their offensives failed due to the weather and the Japanese in the area receiving logistical and material help from the Russians. On the other hand further south the Chinese achieved a major coup with the capture of the city of Nanking, hailed in China as the sign of their eventual victory.
January 1936- A disappointed Juan Peron resigns his military commission. He declines at this time to run for political office, instead turning to his Catholic roots to seek personal meaning for his life.
January 1936 -- Gertrude Stein publishes what turns out to be her last play, The Sapphic Sophist. The play, especially its line, "don't worry, darling, there are Sapphires on the Moon," signals the beginning of the Pittsburgh suburb's reign as the mecca for American homosexuals.
January 7th 1936- A team under the direction of Enrico Fermi achieves a working nuclear reactor in Rome.
January 12th 1936- First Russian Sikorsky's heavy bombers of a batch of 100 purchased by the Japanese arrive to their new bases in Korea.
Febuary, 1936: Wendell Wilkie announces that he intends to seek the nomination of the Democratic Party for President of the United States. Baker, previously the front runner, stands down. Hanslow appears as the main competitors, but quickly trails in almost all primaries.
February 2, 1936: Some more extreme Progressives decide that it is necessary to prove that Roosevelt was truly never on the side of Swing, and a Senate committee begins to investigate the case, despite the rather lackluster evidence of corruption.
February 6th 1936- The Blackburn Fury a fighter derivative of Mitchell's M.2 race flies for the first time. Thou the design is proven sound. However its powerplant, the 2200 hp Bristol Colossus, is plaqued with issues which keep it from entering service. Do to the stress and other factors doctors tell Mitchell he has colon cancer.
February 19th 1936- Singapore falls to the Japanese 25th Army under Yamashita. Prime Minister Churchill stated that “this is a dark day for the British Empire. But rest assured that we will continue to fight on the air, we will fight on the fields of Holland, we will fight on the jungles, we will fight on the deserts, we will never surrender.”
March 7th 1936-The Roosevelt Aviation Falcon III enters service with the United States Army Air Corps. The Falcon III was the most succesful aircraft of the late 1930's with over 6,000 build from 1936 to 1941 and serving in the airforces of eleven nations. With a maximum speed of 300 miles, a service of ceiling of 28,000 feet, a range of 650 miles and armed with one .30 and .50 caliber machineguns it was superior to their rival the P-14 on the weapons market.
March 12th 1936- Baghdad is recaptured by the Russians. British and Free Turks are send reeling back in the direction of Basra.
March 14th 1936- Russian 19th Cavalry Brigade (Armored Cars) captures Najaf while the 24th Cavalry Brigade (landships) captures Al Kut, cutting bulk of the British forces between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
March 20th 1936- First baseman-third baseman Tommy Ott traded by the Brooklyn Superbas to the Baltimore Saints for two pitchers.
April 10, 1936 - A British doctor serving on the Middle East Front attends to General Mustafa Kemal. He bluntly informs the Turkish leader that if he does not stop drinking, he probably won't live to see his nation freed from the Russian heel. On this day, Kemal commits himself to drink only one glass of raki a week, in honor of the homeland. All other days he swears abstinence, in duty to the homeland.
April 12, 1936 Quentin Roosevelt testifies to the Senate committee, and thoroughly embarrasses the Senate committee with his scathing denouncement of their witch hunt. The Pulitzer press, not named in the libel suit, begins to dub Theodore and Quentin ‘The Fighting Roosevelts’.
April 16th 1936- Tripoli captured by the 2nd Ethiopian Division (Motorized).
April 17 1936: Quentin Roosevelt donates 40 million dollars to the Red Cross. He also pressures many other prominent arms dealers to take similar action.
April 18th 1936- After their latest defeats, France announces unrestricted submarine warfare will be reinitiated around the British Islands and the North Sea.
April 18th 1936- First British motorized division organized in Bremen from recently arrived conscripts. This unit was joined later by the territorial 52nd Lowland Division and the 2nd Canadian Division to form the basis of the first British Motorized Corps after training with German instructors in the Saxony training fields.
April 20th 1936- The US government issues a formal protest to the French on the new policy.
April 20th 1936- Antwerp is captured by the German 17th Corps (Dutch Territorials with a Free Belgium detachment.) Attempts by the French to recover the city were repulsed by the arrival of the Irish Expeditionary Force under the command of Richard Mulcahy.
Summer 1936- In response to the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare, the US navy institutes a convoy system to escort US flagged ships travelling to and from Europe.
Summer 1936: Republican National Convention, Baltimore Maryland: A disaster performed in front of live television. The convention begins with George Cabot-Lodge officially refusing to run a second term as Vice President, a move that Swing was not prepared for. Many other prominant pro-Central Powers Republicans also follow TR JR lead and refuse to attend. Al Smith delivers the key note speech, a necessary decision considering that he and LaGuardia, the moderate faction of the party, are by far the most popular. In desperation Swing offers the Vice Presidency to LaGuardia, who politely refuses, mostly because he thinks that this is the only way to keep as speaker, and that connecting himself with Swing is a bad idea. Swing calls several prominent figures, including Hemingway, who all refuse a place on the ticket. Swing, true to his progressive ideals, finally decides that, at least he could make history, and chooses former governor Nellie Ross to be his running mate.
May 1936 After a protracted court battle, the Roosevelts win their libel case and the news services that libeled them are forced to print full page retractions and pay hefty fines.
May 3rd 1936- The first major casualty of the revived French submarine offensive is the battleship Queen Elizabeth, sunk by a combined 6 torpedos launched by three enemy submarines. The roar in the British press was incredible, with accusations flying of how it was possible this ship was ambushed that way.
May 16th 1936- 8th Army commander Benjamin O. Davis asks for volunteers for an experimental unit. The volunteers flocked from the different complements in the Army and by the end of the month enough volunteers were available to begin training. The Provisional Air-transportable Regiment formed. While the Regiment itself was race mixed, the companies were as homogenous as possible.
May 18th 1936- Central Power’s troops cross the border into Tunisia.
May 20th 1936- Japanese Prime Minister Konoye sends a peace offer to the British and German Empires that asked for peace with the status quo in Asia as the new borders. The offer was refused without even being discussed by both the British and Germans.
May 25th 1936- Basra changes hands again, falling to forces led by Zhukov himself.
May 26th 1936-Another major British ship falls to enemy subs when the battleship Collingwood(a St. Vincent class) is sunk while escorting a convoy to Bremenhaven.
May 28, 1936 With the favorable finding in the libel case, and the embarrassments of the committee hearings, which have actually engendered more support for the Roosevelts, the committee closes its investigation.
June 9th 1936- General De Gaulle is severely wounded by a passing aircraft near Gabes in Tunisia. Later considered by many the father of mobile warfare, he fell in disfavor late in 1934 and was “exiled” to the African front since 1935.
June 13th 1936- Trieste falls to Austrian troops. Major Adolph Hitler II is severely wounded during the capture of the city and is send to the rear to recover from his wounds.
June 14th 1936 - In a clandestine operation, Okrana agents of Russia manage to assassinate VI Lenin, a propagandist for the Germans.
June 17th 1936- Last Japanese forces in Brisbane finally surrender. The city falls after close to a month of block to block battle.
June 19th 1936- Kuwait City’s garrison surrenders after a short fight to advancing Russian forces. This is the apex of the Russians advance.
July-December 1936; Asian Front- The main event in this theater was the declaration of war of the Japanese Empire to the United States on December, that further expanded the war and changed this theater from a secondary one into a major one on the next year. By them the Japanese Empire was severely overextended. They suffered minor defeats when joint Siamese/British forces captured northern Malaya with the front finally anchored north of Kuala Lampur in the West and Pekan on the East of the peninsula while the Siamese further north, with material support by the British, pushed the Japanese out of the areas of Cambodia they controlled.
July-December 1936; African Front- The Central Powers continued their unrelenting advance into Tunisia and Algeria, capturing the valuable Algerian oilfields near the Lybian border early on October but the surrender of the Italian colony of Tunisia late on December was considered by many the means to open a second front against the Italians on the future.
July-December 1936; Western Front- The French decided to abandon their now dangerous holdings in the German Rhineland and the Saar and as such began a slow withdraw of the area while at the same time destroying the infrastructure in the area. The Germans were appalled by the destruction inflicted and moved regular troops into the area to try to force the French out of the area before the destruction was too great. They failed in this. The French defeated the German attacks while a limited offensive launched by the Expeditionary Forces in Belgium also failed in gaining any ground or any momentum. By the end of December the French were out of the Rhineland and the Saar, anchoring their defenses on the borders of Alsace and Lorraine. The destruction they inflicted to the German infrastructure in the area was incredible and considered by many the reason of the terms inflicted on them later.
July-December 1936; Middle East Front- The front was calm during the last part of the year, with the Russians trying to rebuild the supply lines to the new frontlines while the Central Power forces tried to recover from the casualties suffered during the just ended Russian offensive. Still limited offensives were launched by the Central Powers in Lebanon and in Persia that achieved small territorial gains in those areas.
July-December 1936;Italian Front- The Austro-Hungarians continued their advance and achieved some important victories in the process. While the Italian forces continue to pour men to try stop the tide, the Italian public began to turn against the Pasolini government. By the end of the year King Victor Emmanuel III asked Pasolini for his resignation.
July-December 1936; Balkan Front- The Austro-Hungarian continued their advance against the weakened Russian forces in the Balkan during this time. Rapid success in the Vojvodina area was the inmediate result of the Austro-Hungarian attacks but with the forces reaching the outskirsts of Belgrade the advance slowed down to a crawl and attempts to liberate the city ended in failure. Meanwhile further west an invasion of Montenegro was launched that achieved moderate success and captured the Montenegrin coast all the way to the city of Cetinje, forcing the Montenegrin government to relocate to Podgorica. But most important was the decision by Field Marshall Mannerheim to withdrew the Russian forces from Greece up to the city of Larissa. Greece erupted in a virtual civil war, with the Greek puppet forces not been enough to control the pro-Central Power partisans and the situation been made worse by the landing of Free Greek troops late in November.
July-December 1936; China Front- This front turned into a quagmire for both the Japanese and the Chinese. The Japanese didn't had the strength to force the issue in this area due to commitments in other areas while the Chinese didn't have the necessary training and equipment to achieve their objectives. The Chinese began limited offensives aimed in capturing Shanghai and Tsingtao but both fell short of their objectives.
July-December 1936; Eastern Front- With the German forces still building their strength plus other fronts being considered more of a priority the offensives in the area were of a limited character. The Russians were pushed from the Bug River but the terrain aided the defenders and the offensive bogged down in the Pripet marshes. But the surrender of the surrounded Russian garrisons in Warsaw and Lublin late in July after a six month siege were hailed as victories by the Central Powers press and a sign the tide was turning.
July 1936: Welles begins to personally campaign for over 20 clients on all levels of national and local government. Hearst newspapers and AW begin to feature him prominently as a young attractive face to the party.
July 8th to 13th 1936- Battle of Medenine. After considerable casualties the Franco-Italian defensive line is broken and the Central Power forces began pouring north. The Allies began a fighting withdraw north and west.
July 8th 1936- With chances of winning the pennant for the first time since 1923, the Toronto Blue Jays signed outfielder James Bell and pitcher Leroy Paige in an attempt to upgrade their offense and pitching. The two negro league stars were a big help for a Blue Jays team that still finished the season in third place, seven games behind the Yankees. The first black players to play major league baseball since the turn of the century, they went to have decent careers, especially Paige. Paige was a 20 game winner twice times in his career and ended his career in 1955 with 180 victories and in his later years was a precursor of the short relieve pitcher. Meanwhile Bell set the single season record of 102 stolen bases in 1937, that was later broken by George Smalls in 1959.
July 12th 1936- Subotica's garrison surrenders to the Hungarian 17th Corps of the Honved.
July 29th 1936- The first of the Shinano class is commisioned, followed by her two sister ships two months later.
July 29th 1936- Gabes captured after a short fight.
August 8th 1936- Novi Sad falls after heavy fighting to the advancing Austro-Hungarian troops.
August 13th 1936- A third British battleship is sunk by submersible when the Centurion(a King George V class) is sunk while returning from the Caribbean.
August 19th 1936- Udize is captured by advancing Austro-Hungarians.
September 1936: Working with representatives from the Populist League, the Equality League, several major corporations, with personal assistance from Charles Seymour and Henry Stimson, George Welles writes "The Democratic Party" a simple, clear, concise explanation of the Party's beliefs and values. The focus of the paper is the emphasize the new found party unity, and to create a concise political goal for all Democratic candidates. With Welles' assistance, the paper helps the the entire party colaborate together, and gain more support.
September 2nd 1936- A USN destroyer on convoy duty is sunk by a sub in the North Sea. The French claim that though they mistook it for a British ship, but remind the USA that they have no business entering a warzone.
September 2nd 1936- Balkan Front commander Mannerheim orders the occupation troops in Greece to be moved north to help in stopping the advancing Central Powers.
September 5th 1936- Important naval facilities in Kotor are demolished by retreating Russian troops.
September 16th 1936- City of Shiraz captured in Persia by Indian troops.
September 17th 1936- German researchers began the development of the railroad gun Kaiser Wilhelm IV for long distance bombardment.
September 18th 1936- General Marmaduke Grove announces that the new provinces of Santa Cruz and Patagonia will send representatives to the Chilean Parliament by the end of next year. He also announces in his speech that the women will receive the right to vote thanks to their “sacrifices during the Victorious War.”
September 18th 1936- Charles De Gaulle dies in Marseilles from complications caused by the wounds suffered early in June.
September 19th 1936- Partisan activity increases in Greece, culminating with the capture of Sparta by partisans that clamored for the return of the King.
September 19th 1936- Production of the new cavalry armored car begins. The M1A2 armored car has more armor than the M1A1 but the US industry wasn't ready to build a turret that supported a 75mm gun so the main gun was located in a sponson on the side. Still the vehicle was faster than any vehicle in production at the time anywhere in the world and the lack of a turret gave it a low profile. Still it was considered a transitory vehicle until the arrival of the M1A3. But this vehicle with the M1A1 were the main vehicles of the 1st Cavalry Division (armored) that served in the European front under George Patton.
September 27th 1936- A high ranking Naval Officer is arrested after is considered he has been leaking information to the French of the routes followed by British major ships. He was tried and executed in 1938 after proof surfaced in the post-war of his treachery.
October 1st to 7th 1936- The New York Yankees repeat as champions by defeating the Buffalo Braves 4 games to 2. With Rodrigo Amador (21-7-3.86-0) and Max Gomez (21-11-2.33-0) leading the pitching staff again and the offensive load being carried by Al Serrano (331-29-133-24), Al Szymanski (.327-13-112) and rookie Mickey Marble (.290-14-67-10) the Yankees won the pennant by six games over the Boston Blue Sox and over the Toronto Blue Jays by seven games. Rookie Marble took over right field late in July after a season ending injury ended the season of George Ruth (.272-19-63) and was named the official right fielder in spring training the next year.
October 5th 1936- Congress passes sanctions against France, forbiding the shipping of armaments to France until they renounce unrestricted submarine warfare and respect the neutrality of US shipping, as well as paying reparations to the US for the loss of their warship in September.
October 7th 1936- While recovering from his wounds in Vienna, Major Hitler joins his father’s Pan-Germanic movement.
October 9th 1936- Dr Herbert Wagner and Hans Ohain are kidnapped and later murdered by MVD operatives, who also stole valuable research papers. Adolf Muller disappears soon after. It is believed that information stolen from the pair was used to jump start the Russian jet program. It is later learned that Muller has fled to Great Britain and helped with the development of the De Havilland Javelin,Britain's first jet.
October 13th 1936- France outright refuses to stop unrestricted submarine warfare under, "thuggish threats" from the Americans. In response, they announce that they will expand submarine operations throughout the North Atlantic, both in defiance of the Americans and in a bid to "take off the gloves" and hasten the end of the war.
October 14th 1936- Bolzano falls to the combined Austro-German Mountain Corps. Colonel Michael Skorzeny of the Austrian Heer is the first man to breach the city defenses and the man that received the surrender of the city. His valor is noted in dispatches.
November 1936: Edward McCarthy is elected District Attorney as a Democrat.
November, 1936: Wendel Willkie is elected President of the United States by a small margin, having underestimated how much of the nation was pro-war. Many scholars comment that if Swing had appeared to have a stronger personality, he would have won, but that instead Swing just seemed incompetent. The Democrats gain control of the House but the Republicans kept control of the Senate.
November 1936 - For the first time, the anti-lynching laws are applied in the case of whites killing Chinese, as three men are convicted of the lynching that started inter-racial violence in California.
November 3rd 1936- Mannerheim announces his resignation after being blamed by the Grand Duke Michael himself of the events occuring in Greece. His defense was that his front was stripped of troops for the offensive in the Middle East and he was forced to retire from Greece to use those forces to stop the advancing Central Power troops. He personally blamed the Grand Duke for the lack of troops and even stated privately the Grand Duke "was losing the war for Mother Russia."
November 10th 1936- Austro-Hungarians troops reach the outskirsts of the Montenegrin capital of Cetinje.
November 24th 1936- Free Greek forces landed by British fleet near Navplion after the port been secured by British Royal Marines.
December 1936-Henry Cabot-Lodge Jr. resigns from the State Senate in order to serve in the war as a captain.
December 3rd 1936- Kerman captured by Indian and Persian partisan forces.
December 4th 1936- King Victor Emmanuel of Italy ask Prime Minister Pasolini for his resignation.
December 5th 1936- Tunis falls after a two week siege to the Central Powers. A large part of the garrison was successfully evacuated to Sicily.
December 6th 1936- Prime Minister Pasolini of Italy resigns after failing to secure the help of the Army. King Victor Emmanuel names his son Umberto as provisional head of the government. Umberto promises "peace with honor" and send feelers to all the Central Powers.
December 7th 1936- Paul Schimdt finally achieves a functional pulse jet engine. He patents his invention soon after.
December 9th 1936- The luxury liner Goliath is sunk in the North Atlantic by a French submarine. Fortunately, US destroyers accompanying a convoy are close enough to respond to the distress call and arrive to pick up the survivors, but not before the French sub had surfaced and started sinking lifeboats, apparently in an attempt to leave no survivors to identify the cause of the sinking.
December 11th 1936- After the third failed attempt to cross the Danube fails all operations aimed at capturing Belgrade ceased for the time being.
December 13th 1936- An emergency joint session of Congress is called, and the US declares war on France.
December 14, 1936: Quentin Roosevelt and Theodore Roosevelt Jr. join the army, claiming that even though they believe in peace, that they are patriotic Americans and that if the nation is to fight the war, they'll make damn sure that its a victory.
December 14th 1936- Due to leaks in the press, Umberto is forced to stop his diplomatic attempts to sue for peace for the time being so not to cause a possible French invasion.
December 15th 1936- French allies Russia, Italy and Japan declare war on the USA in response to the US declaration of war to France.
December 16th 1936- Corinth falls to the Free Greeks and the partisans.
December 17th 1936- The Provisional Air-Transportable Regiment is considered battle ready after over six months of training. The name of the unit is changed to the 1st Joint Air-Transportable Regiment, with a Ethiopian battalion, two German battalions (one colonial and one white) and three British ones with the air complement being also British.
December 19th 1936- Japanese troops land on Guam with little resistance.
December 19th 1936- National Guard Divisions are activated for the coming war.
December 21st 1936- Battle of Wake Island: The US Pacific Fleet, with eight battleship, the six Constellation class battlecruisers and the carriers Langley and Enterprise, is attacked by a strong Japanese force composed of the more modern part of the Japanese Battleship forces, and the Japanese Carrier Force under Admiral Yamamoto off Wake. The Battle is very destructive for both sides, but due to the surprise attack of the Japanese carriers and ferocity of the Japanese surface ships, many of the US capital ships and both carriers have been sunk and the Pacific Fleet is forced to turn back. But the Japanese invasion fleet has been damaged enough that Wake's invasion must be held off. The battle was the swan song of the battlecruiser with the US learning what the other nations already knew, that the battlecruisers have no place in a battle versus battleships. The total tally was one battleship lost by the Japanese and three by the US, one Japanese carrier and two US ones but the difference was the sinking of the whole Constellation Class battlecruisers. (1) Japanese ships sunk: One Kaga with 5 dual 16” and the IJN carrier Hosho with 18 aircrafts.(2) US ships sunk: One New Mexico with 5 dual 16”, one South Carolina with 4 dual 12”, one Delaware with 5 dual 12”, the whole six Constellation Class with 5 dual 14”, the Langley with 22 aircrafts and the Enterprise with 24 aircrafts.
December 22nd 1936- A draft is authorized by Congress to help in the prosecution of the war.
1937 - Wallonian partisans begin operating against the invading Central Powers. Many Walloons flee to Northern France to avoid feared reprisals for Walloon acts against Flemish Belgians.
1937 Fiorello LaGuardia is elected Governor of New York.
1937- Groups of Chinese start traveling together, and protecting each other, and basically form small gangs. This is the beginnings of the Chinese Mafia.
January-June 1937; Eastern Front- The terrain supported the Russian defenders but still the German and Polish forces continued their advance into the Pripet Marshes and the Russians were forced to move troops from the Middle East to try to stop the slow German-Polish advance.
January-June 1937; Balkan Front- The early part of the year were for the most part a streak of Central Power victories, the Russians and their allies not being capable of stopping the forces coming from two sides. Even the arrival of troops from the Middle East were only capable of slowing the advancing Austrians and Free Greek troops. The conquest of Montenegro and the recapture of the cities of Belgrade and Athens were the highlights of this period on this front.
January-June 1937; Asian Front- The US entering the war changed the scope of the front and brought a sense of urgency to the Japanese Empire to end the conflict. With their victory in the Battle of Wake the Japanese considered the US Pacific Fleet to be neutralized until they received reinforcements and as such they concentrated in defeating the British Far East Fleet. This is now considered to had been an error, giving time to the US to use their available deployable forces in two minor offensives and giving the US a minor naval victory while the Japanese were busy decimating the British fleet.
January-June 1937; African Front- With the French being occupied with the situation in Europe the Central Powers launched simultaneous offensives aimed in the direction of Algiers and Dakar respectively. Both of them failed in reaching their final objectives but the territory captured was considerable. At the same time the British Force Gibraltar forced the French naval units in Oran to open sea, decimating them. This victory, late in June, effectively cutoff North Africa from France.
January-June 1937; Italian Front- The Austro-Hungarian troops continued a slow advance until stopped in the Piave River by the Italian defenders early in March 1937. The Austrians decided not to push the issue with their main concerns turning to the war on the Balkans and both sides began to dig in on this front. The Italians in late May send again secret peace feelers to the Austrians but the terms offered were found not good enough by the Austrian and German governments.
January-June 1937; China Front- The Chinese decided to concentrate their strength and stayed on the defensive except for their offensive in the Shantung Peninsula. In the narrow front of the peninsula the Chinese advance was very bloody but the liberal use of chemical weapons and flamethrowers plus the use of the non-elite divisions as cannonfodder made possible the important victory of the surrender of the port city of Tsingtao in late June. The Japanese attempts to launch spoiler attacks to relieve the pressure of the beleguered defenders in the peninsula achieved some minor gains but the Chinese followed the counsel of their German advisors and never let down their attack until achieving their objective in Shantung.
January-June 1937;Western Front- The hammer fell over the French nation on March 17th 1937. On that date the combined Expeditionary Forces(British, Irish and Canadians), the Bavarian Army, a large part of the Imperial Army and the new Combined Motorized Army ( Two panzer divisions, eight German motorized divisions, two British and one Canadian motorized divisions) launched forward. The plan was very similar to the plan utilized in the Franco-German War of 1913 but this time this massive motorized force was used to follow thru the breach of the front between Spa and Malmedy. This same force crossed the Bastogne forest and after achieving a crossing of the Meuse River instead of continuing in the direction of Paris like in the last war and doing what the French expected they turned in the direction of the coast in an attempt to pocket the defenders in Belgium. The fall of Calais in early April pocketed close to 100,000 French soldiers in Belgium. The attempts made to try rescue them pretty much failed, with only 30,000 making it back into France and the rest surrendering by the end of May. The next phase saw the bloody French retreat of Alsace-Lorraine during June back to the pre-war border fortifications while small territorial gains were made in northern France.
January-June 1937; Middle East Front- Grand Duke Michael was furious when a big part of the forces assigned to the theater were transfered to Belarus and the Baltic States. He resigned his command in disgust and privately began to be critical of the decisions of the Tsar, reminding many that he was the defacto ruler of Russia as regent for the Tsar from 1915 to 1925 and that the nation did very well under his leadership. His successor as commander in the Middle East, Marshall Pavlov, decided to shorten the lines and abandoned the gains of last year offensive during this period, but not before destroying anything that couldn't be carried away in Mesopotamia and southern Persia. By the end of June Basra, Kuwait and Baghdad were back in the hands of the British and the Free Ottomans.
January 8th 1937- First squadron of the new British Hawker Tornados is operational in Dover. The aircraft, the first monoplane in service in the RAF, has a shorter range than the Americans P-14 or the Falcon III at 600 miles but it was faster and better armed than them with eight .303 machineguns on the wings, a maximum speed of 330 miles and a service ceiling over 30,000 feet.
January 11th 1937- USS Bunker Hill and USS Cowpens ordered to the Pacific Ocean to replace losses.
January 16th 1937- Funds are appropiated by the US Congress to build new ships due to losses in the Pacific. After debate it was decided to make the construction of aircraft carriers the main priority.
January 18th 1937- Major General Archibald Butts named to command a forming American Expeditionary Force marked for duty in Europe and promoted to the rank of Lt. General. His first order of business was to swap cavalry brigades between the 1st and 2nd Cavalry divisions to create the first true all mechanized division in the United States Army and naming George Patton to command it. He also began the integration of three National Guard division to the three regular army infantry divisions expected to make the trip to Europe.
January 18th 1937- Bialystok surrenders after a ten day battle around the city.
January 26th 1937- First and only operational use of the Air-Transportable Regiment. They are dropped behind the Italian lines in the Kasserine Pass in an attempt to blockade their escape. The operation was successful and more mission are planned for the unit. Sadly no other operations were launched by this unit due to different reasons. The unit was finally disbanded in late July 1937.
January 29th 1937- Ethiopian forces defeat the last major Italian presence in Africa in the battle of Kasserine Pass.
February 1937- With parts of China under Japanese occupation it was considered impossible to held elections in China. As such the Chinese Senate agrees to extend President Soong term for another four years or till the end of hostilities, whatever is the latest of the two choices.
February 3rd 1937- Gafsa falls to British troops.
February 6th 1937-Liberia declares war to France and moves forces into Guinea.
February 6th 1937- Athens is declared an open city by the pro-Russian Greek Republican forces. The Greek King and his government arrived to the city from Crete ten days later under popular acclaim.
February 7th 1937- 2nd Ethiopian Division enters city of Tebessa.
February 7th 1937- Russian researchers began investigating ways to use MWD's to guide missiles into their targets.
February 11th 1937- Trent falls to the Austro/German Mountain Corps.
February 14th 1937- The fall of Kovel to Austro-Hungarian troops is used by the Central Powers' propaganda machine as a sign of the faltering Russian resolve and in the radio and TV stations claims are made that the end of the war is near.
February 18th 1937- Japanese Carrier Task Force under Yamamato composed of five carriers is ordered into the Indian Ocean and surprises the British forces anchored in Colombo. During "Black Tuesday," four British capital ships(1) and the last remaining Chinese capital ship(2) were sunk plus severe damage inflicted to other ships and the port facilities with only 37 Japanese aircrafts being shot down. While two of the British ships were salvaged and repaired in the post-war this operation is called the swan song of the battleship and effectively eliminated any threat the Royal Navy represented to the Japanese in the Indian Ocean for the first half of 1937. (1) 1 Revenge with with 4 dual 15” , 2 Formidable with 4 dual 15" (later salvaged and repaired), 1 Queen Elizabeth with 4 dual 15". (2) 1 Ching Yuan with 6 dual 12” (former German Helgoland Class)
February 19th 1937- The 1st Infantry Division is bound under heavy escort for Belfast, their first leg on their trip to Europe. It was the first unit to leave for the War.
February 21st 1937- Conakry surrenders to the 2nd Brigade of the British Royal Marines.
February 23rd 1937- The Vindicator completed. The first capital ship completed by the Royal Navy since the Treaty of New York due first to Great Britain obeying the letter of the treaty and them after the start of the war priority was given to escort ships instead to capital ships. The Vindicator was the only one of it class ever build, her sister ship Victorious being converted into an aircraft carrier and completed as such late in 1937, too late to see service in the war. The Vindicator had a main battery of two triple 20" guns put forward like the Saints but their secondary guns were the biggest AA guns ever put on any ship and her service after the war was more as an AA defense platform for the carriers.
February 24th 1937- 10th Infantry Division (Negro) is created by fusing the Regular Army Negro troops with National Guard Negro units. This divisions is put under the orders of recently promoted Dwight D. Eisenhower.
March 1937: LaGuardia remains a popular figure in Washington, and appeals to many moderate Democrats and the Democrats have trouble finding a new Speaker of the House. Republicans are optimistic, saying that this proves that moderate Republicans can still be popular, and that Swing did not destroy the party. Though many view him as a has been, former speaker Herbert Hoover is the only man with enough respect to eventually gain the position.
March 2nd 1937- First baseman Lou Camarillo traded by the Brooklyn Mets to the Baltimore Saints for outfielder Henry Walker and pitcher Jose Santiago.
March 10th 1937- Kaunas is captured after heavy bombardment forced Russians east.
March 15 1937- Soldiers in Brazil returning home from the war seek work at the new hemp plantations that are springing up across the country.
March 18th 1937- German troops breach the front lines between the cities of Spa and Malmedy. German and Allied motorized forces poured thru the gap.
March 19th 1937- French forces defeated and forced to abandon city of Constantine after been overwhelmed by rushing Ethiopian troops.
March 19th 1937- Lt. General Archibald Butt decides to motorize the whole AEF. This process was started in the US and was continued after their arrival to Bremenhaven but never completed. The arrival of a partial motorized force, even one untested as the American one, was a pleasant surprise for the Germans. They used the bulk of the US force in the Eastern Front in conjunction with their Second Motorized Army while the non-motorized part (the National Guard Divisions) were used in the Western Front as an independent Corps under the command of young Major General Mark Clark.
March 19th 1937- With the Balkan front unraveling, Austro-Hungarian troops were moved east to try to dislodge the Romanians from Transylvania. The city of Satu Mare was the first major city recovered from Romanian occupation.
March 25th 1937- Liege is captured by British troops after a four day battle.
March 26th 1937- The Meuse River is crossed by the 2nd Panzer Division, followed by other units later.
March 26th 1937- City of Podjorica falls and Montenegrin government goes into exile to Constantinople.
March 28th 1937- French forces order the orderly withdraw of their forces from Belgium.
April 1937: With Herbert Hoover named the Speaker of the House, Arthur Vandenberg officially registers as a Democrat.
April 1st 1937- The joint German-Austrian team succeeds in detonating the first atomic bomb, called 'Valkyrie'.
April 3rd 1937- Battle of Valenciennes. The French used the last of the original divisions using the CA1 in an attempt to stop the advancing Central Power troops. In the biggest battle until them between armored units, three divisions faced each other for close to eighteen hours and finally the arrival of the faster German motorized units forced the French off the field and the advance to the coast continued.
April 6th 1937- Lille falls to the 11th German Motorized Division.
April 7th 1937- Battle of Timor. In what now is considered the battle between the largest ships ever build, the British Battleship Division 1 (composed of two of the British St. Andrews) were intercepted by the three Japanese Shinanos while trying to arrive to Darwin from India. In what is now considered to be a true slugfest the two British ships were sunk but not before achieving hits in all the Japanese ships and many saying the reason the Shinano was later sunk by the US Navy was due to the damage inflicted in this battle.
April 10th 1937- The British 52nd Division (motorized) is the first unit entering Calais. A large part of the French garrison in Belgium is considered pocketed.
April 12th 1937- Irish forces entered the city of Brussels under the cheers of the population.
April 14th 1937- Two French divisions surrounded in Gent. They will surrender two weeks later.
April 15th 1937- The Bavarian army surges forward in Alsace and after casualties achieves beachheads on the Alsace side of the Rhine.
April 18th 1937- Belgrade finally is captured after a two month house to house battle. The picture of the Free Serbian troops raising the flag of Serbia over the battered fortress of Kalemegdan is still considered a classic.
April 19th 1937- French forces evacuate the occupied Portuguese colony of Guinea-Bissau to shorten the defensive lines.
April 21st 1937- Brugge captured by Canadian troops.
April 21st 1937- Timisoara is the second major city to fell in Austro-Hungarian hands since the beginning of their offensive since the middle of March. Further Russian troops moved north from Greece and Macedonia to try to keep the Romanian nation on the war and their supplies lines south still open.
April 27th 1937- Battle of Lille. The French XIV Corps attempted to escape and close to 30% of their strength made it back into France before the arrival of reinforcements forced the French back into Belgium while the forces trying to help them escape have to retire form the field.
May 5th 1937- Dinant falls to advancing British. The nooze around the French froces began to get tighter.
May 11th 1937- After close to sixteen days of heavy fighting Ostende falls to the Canadians. Casualties to the CEF were extensive and they were removed from frontline duty at the end of June to recover.
May 11th 1937- An American adhoc unit composed of ready for deployment troops began landing in the former French Polynesian islands, surprising the Japanese garrison on the islands. The force, named the Ameripol Division by their members, achieved the capture of the islands by the end of the month.
May 12th 1937- Free Greek forces fail in their attempts to break the Russo-Bulgarian lines in Larissa. The Republic of Greece set their temporary capital in Salonika.
May 17th 1937- Italy sends secret peace feelers to Germany and Austria. They offered a return to the pre-war borders and the promise they will declare war to France three months after the end of the hostilities.
May 18th 1937- With the success of the "Thor Project" a delivery system was deemed necessary. The German and Austrian researchers found out the aircrafts available weren't capable of supporting the weight of the devices, so it was decided to modify the devices to be delivered by railroad guns.
May 18th 1937- Battle of Namur- The fortress of Namur falls to a combined Irish/Free Belgium force.
May 19th 1937- Austro-Hungarian forces enter Albania for the first time since 1934 and capture Scutari.
May 21st 1937- Battle of Hirsun. In misnomer, this action was the most succesful achievement by the French in their attempts to rescue the beleguered garrison in Belgium. Close to 10,000 men made it thru the defenders before the arrival of the motorized fire brigades closed the hole on the frontlines.
May 22nd 1937- The Central Powers counter offer, the lost of all colonies by Italy and the acceptance of negotiations to change the current European borders, was refused by Italy.
May 24th 1937- Offensive operations in Argelia are stopped after the supply lines proved too thin to continue the advance. The front now was anchored from the city of Bou Saada to the coast east of the city of Bejaia.
May 26th 1937- Recently arrived Russian reinforcements, under the command of Lt. General Zhukov, defeat the advance of the Central Powers in the Battle of Baranavichy. That battle lasted for three days and was considered part of the "Pripet Battles", that included the defeat of the advancing Austro-Hungarians in Sarny in early June and a Polish army in Pinsk on the middle of June.
May 27th 1937- Last organized French forces in Belgium surrender in Mons.
May 30th 1937- Strasbourg finally falls. The news were viewed live in German television thanks to a brave TV crew that entered the city two days later and was present at the moment of the surrender ceremony.
May 31st 1937- Kragujevac is captured after the Bulgarian garrison mutinies and changes sides. This is the basis for the creation of a Free Bulgarian Army.
June 1937: Wendell Wilkie presents a new energy plan which would eliminate the need of many public works projects proposed by Swing, but not yet built. The plan includes experimentation into solar energy, and increased investments into the study of nuclear energy.
June 5th 1937- Reginald Mitchell dies from colon cancer. Sidney Camm takes over work on the Blackburn Fury. Camm decides to replace the troublesome Colossus engine with the Rolls Royce Titan. However its over a year before the design is fleshed out.
June 7th 1937- Mulhouse falls to the Bavarians. Casualties are very heavy and many considered stopping the attacks.
June 8th 1937- Battle of Tarawa. The Japanese were surprised of how fast the US recovered from their defeat in Wake and were badly positioned to respond to this attack. The Japanese were forced to throw their last remaining battlecruisers, the only ships close enough to respond, against the mighty American North Carolinas supporting the landings. The three Japanese battlecruisers were sunk and the 1st Marine Division was landed on the island, achieving their capture after three days of heavy fighting.
June 19th 1937- Colmar falls after a eight day battle around the city. By now the divisions of the Bavarian Army were exhausted and only the first recorded use of nerve gas was considered the reason the French were forced to withdraw.
June 19th 1937- Finally the whole AEF is together in Bremenhaven. The later news of their expected use was a let down for the troops but the assurances they will be an independent command was at least well received.
June 20 1937- The Umanzor regime begins to seek out foreign investments. Known only to a small few, the civil and continental wars has almost brought Brazil's economy to its knees.
June 23rd 1937- Battle of Oran. The British Force Gibraltar, led by Battleship Division 2 and 4 (Two St. Andrews and three Formidables), forced the French African Fleet led by two Courbet class and two Normandie class to go into battle. The battle was a foregone conclusion, with the undergunned French ships trying to escape the superior gunnery and range of the British ships. The four French major ships were sunk after close to a five hour battle with the British suffering the lost of a couple of cruisers.
July-November 1937; Italian Front- The Austro-Hungarian troops breaks through at the Piave River in early July and peace talks begin to gain some acceptance in the German government, but these are still not considered acceptable by the Italians. But by the end of July and early August The breakthrough at the Piave river is pushed back, but barely and peace talks gain no more acceptance on either side. The short respite didn’t last long enough for the beleaguered Italians. On late August the Austro-Hungarians breached the Piave front a second time and by September the defenders were forced south in unorganized groups. A thrust south was launched by the Austro-Hungarian and meets scattered resistance in Venetia and Lombardy. By the beginning of November the major cities of Venice, Padua and Milan were in the hands of the Central Powers and the Italian government asked for a ceasefire without conditions to end the carnage on Italy. The Federated Empire accepted the Italian plea and the guns fell silent, but that didn’t last long in the peninsula.
July-November 1937; Balkan Front- The front continued to be a bloody affair, with minimal gains been made by the Austro-Hungarian and the reformed Serbian Army during the summer months. But in late September the deteriorating situation in Italy helped the advancing Central Powers, with the surviving Italian garrison in Albania surrendering by the middle of October and the Russian and Bulgarian garrisons began to pull out of Republican Greece due to fears of the possibility of being encircled. The agreement of a ceasefire between Russia and the Central Powers in November was a result of the use of two atomic bombs that ended the war in France that convinced the Russians the war was lost but the ceasefire still found the Russians in control of large sections of the Balkans and a lot of situations needed to be resolved due to the sudden end of conflict.
July-November 1937; China Front- The last months of the war saw the Chinese fail in their attempts to completely dislodge the Japanese from coastal central China. While victories were achieved with the capture of Fukien and Nanking, the Japanese still had the city of Shanghai and other coastal areas under their control by the beginning of November of 1937. Them events in other fronts and the political reality made the Japanese send political feelers to the Central Powers and the United States in late November, with the above nations telling Japan that China needed to be included in any agreement and it was non-negotiable. Japan was forced to accept and a ceasefire entered into effect in China on November 29th 1937.
July-November 1937; Asian Front- The last months ofthe war were a string of Japanese defeats in the far islands of the South Pacific, with the harried Japanese forces being forced back while being attacked from different directions. The Japanese were overextended on those islands, with the garrissons either overwhelmed by superior numbers or were forced to evacuate the islands they were defending. The news of the surrender of Italy and the use of terrible weapons against France made the Japanese realize the war was over. They send feelers thru the Swiss Embassy asking for a ceasefire and it was finally accepted on November 29th 1937.
July-November 1937; Western Front- The last months of the war saw, different to the early part of the year, positional warfare due to the exhaustion and losses suffered by the Combined Motorized Army. With the motorized troops being kept on reserve and the Canadians being badly battered and kept in garrison duty in Belgium it was up to the British, the Irish, the Dutch and the recently arrived Americans to defeat the French. The advance was slow and methodical, but that all changed with the use of the Thor devices. Their use opened breaches in the front that were exploited by the now recovered motorized units and the relatively fresh US troops to advance south in the direction of Paris. The destruction caused by the new weapons were a shock for the French government that asked for terms five days after the use of the second device. The war in the West was over on November 19th 1937.
July-November 1937; Middle East Front- The war during the last months was a small affair compared with the events unfolding in Europe and in the Pacific. A limited offensive launched by the Free Ottomans cleared Syria and Lebanon from the last remaining Russian troops and the decision on the first week of November by Marshall Pavlov to evacuate central Anatolia to shorten lines was still an ongoing concern when the ceasefire between the Central Powers and Russia was agreed on November 30th. Many critics of Pavlov in post-war Russia called him "the man that advanced in the opposite direction" and was considered a terrible commander.
July-November 1937; African Front- The last gasps of the French presence in Africa were anticlimatic. After years of heavy resistance, the last remaining forces in Argelia and the other African colonies were demoralized and when a heavy push was started by the Central Powers in early August the lines were broken and resistance turned into small bands of holdouts that surrender at the first chance they got. By late September the French commander in North Africa, Field Marshall Weygand, surrender his remaining forces in Oran. The war in Africa was over on September 30th 1937.
July-November 1937; Eastern Front- The war was far from being won in this front by the Central Powers when the Russians asked for a ceasefire to discuss terms to end the conflict. The Austrian offensive into Ukraine was defeated and actually lost terrain but their offensive in Transylvania was very succesful, only the presence of Russian troops in Romania saving that nation of complete collapse.In the center the marshes protected the front until the breakthough that made possible the massive battle of Minsk in early September and pushed the Russians past the Berezina River. It was on the Baltic States were the Germans achieved their greater successes during this time period, with Lithuania been completely liberated and parts of Latvia and Estonia free of Russian control by the time the ceasefire was agreed on.
July 1937- Major Adolph Hitler II rejoins the military, reporting to a infantry division in the Italian Front.
July 8th 1937- Second Battle of Sarny. Austro-Hungarian forces fail in breaking the Russian defenses in the area after three days of intense battle.
July 10th 1937- The US 1st Cavalry Division (armored), the US 1st, 2nd, 5th and 10th Infantry Divisions (all motorized with the 10th being a colored division) were moved east on the direction of Poland. The National Guard divisions (the 26th, the 36th and the 29th infantry) were send west in the direction of France.
July 16th 1937- Battle of Rivna. Russians swing around the main Austrian forces and hit their flank forcing them back all thru the sector.
July 17th 1937- German troops capture Belfort, last major city still on French hands on Alsace. Germans troops began to enter the Vosges were the terrain helped the defenders.
July 19th 1937- Australia launches their first amphibious invasion ever when they landed troops in the former French colonies of New Caledonia and in the island of Fiji, that second operation being launched in conjunction with New Zealanders. The small garrisons in the islands were overwhelmed and in less of a week the islands were declared secure.
July 22nd 1937- Japanese forces evacuate the Cook Islands.
July 24th 1937- City of Vilnius falls to the 18th Army under von Manstein.
July 29th 1937- With the British Home Fleet in support, the BEF captures the city of Boulogne.
July 30th 1937- Battle of Kovel. A two day battle that stabilized the front in this area for the rest of the war. The Russians were defeated in their attempts to continue their advance into Galicia but events further south and north forced the overall theater commander Zhukov to swing troops around.
August 1937: Milwaukee mayor Maynard Jones, a strong supporter of Wilkie, encourages energy experimentation in the outskirts of the city.
August 3rd 1937- British and Siamese forces began moving south in the Malayan peninsula. The campaign was a very bloody affair, with the city of Singapore still on Japanese hands by the ceasefire but not a lot more of the peninsula on their hands.
August 2nd 1937- City of Clausenberg captured by advancing Austro-Hungarian forces.
August 3rd 1937- Battle of Arras. The IEF stops a French counterattack aimed in the direction of Lille. The casualties were heavy for both sides and only the arrival of Dutch reinforcements saved the day.
August 5th 1937- US 2nd Cavalry Division (dismounted) is landed in both Samoan islands and after fierce fighting captures the islands five days later.
August 17th 1937- Courtland is declared secure by von Manstein. German press began to hail him as "a savior of the German cause."
August 18th 1937- Battle of Metz-Verdun. In a battle that lasted close to a week German, Belgian and Dutch troops forced used for the first time nerve gas in a massive scale to dislodge the French from both cities. This was the last time the weapons were as effective, the French making a priority to copy the captured protective suits used by the Central Power troopers.
August 18 1937- The United States invests millions of dollars to help in the recovery of Brazil.
August 25th 1937- A breach on the front lines in Belarus is achieved. The German 1st Motorized Corps, composed of one Panzer Division and eight motorized ones, and the American Expeditionary Force rushed thru the gap. It was later noted the friendly race between the 3rd Panzer Division under Rommel and the US 1st Cavalry Division under Patton to be the first units to reach Minsk.
August 29th 1937- German troops reach Riga. Russians defend every city block and the city turned into a quagmire.
September 1937: Hearst contacts Wilkie and presents certain 'observations' regarding agriculture in the mid-west. He uses his name recognition, media power, and machine power through Charles Seymour to push for traditional Democratic reform. His reasoning is that it is necessary to retain Populist support for the Democrats.
September 12th 1937- 1st Cavalry Division reaches the outskirts of Minsk two hours before the 3rd Panzer Division. Four hours later Zhukov send his operational reserves, three landship divisions equip with the Russian copy of the French landship and seven armored car brigades to spring a trap for the mobile Central Power units.
September 13th 1937- Start of the Battle of Minsk. The biggest battle between armored vehicles ever, even bigger than the Battle of Valenciennes fought in France four months before. Over 2,000 vehicles fought for three days around the city while German motorized troops fought a bloody block by block battle inside the city. The Russians had numerical superiority but the German and American vehicles were better protected and armed. The Russians finally left the field after suffering close to 700 destroyed or damaged vehicles. The German/American forces suffered heavy casualties also and the remaining AEF gave a half hearted chase to the Berezina River, were the front stabilized for the rest of the war. The Germans were surprised by the excellent demostration of the green US troops, especially of the Colored 10th Division and the 1st Cavalry Division, their commanders receiving condecorations from the German government for their actions.
September 17th 1937- City of Ste. Menehould captured by the US 2nd Corps. First major action of the war by the US troops on the Western Front.
September 21st 1937- St Quentin falls to advancing Irish.
September 21st 1937- Russians pushed to the other side of the Daugava River.
September 29th 1937- Herman Ruth plays his last game as a New York Yankee. He retired with 783 homeruns on his career, a twenty-three years long distinguished one spend with the same team. During that time the Yankees won 10 World Series and participated in a total of 15. He spend his last years playing less and less due to age and injuries, his place as regular rightfielder of the team taken by a young switch hitter called Michael Marble in 1936.
October 1937: Hearst begins making public commentaries on Wilkie's performance in regards to both foreign and domestic issues. Wilkie ignores all of Hearsts suggestions. Hearst puts preassure on Wilkie, and begins to lower the presidents credibility among the party.
October 1st to 10th 1937- The New Orleans Cajuns won their second World Series by beating the Toronto Blue Jays 4 games to 3. The impressive Cajuns lineup, led by the hitting of Art Trojovsky (.298-32-128), Lee Johnson (.308-25-108) and batting champ Joe Vaughn (.388-5-72), plus the pitching of Lee Brown (13-6-2.88-0), Joe Allen (15-1-2.55-0) and George Caster (19-12-3.43-1) took this team to win the National League pennant in maybe the closest pennant race ever, with the Cajuns only winning 89 games and the team that finish fifth won 80 games.
October 6th 1937- 7th Australian Division and the 17th Indian Brigade are landed in Guadalcanal. The main event of the action was the raid launched by the Japanese Carrier Task Force 2 composed of the light carriers Junyo and the two Zuikaku class carriers against the growing beach head and the naval escorts. Two British cruisers were sunk and a lot of equipment was loss during the attack. Still this force was ordered north when news of the US Pacific Fleet left Pearl Harbor were received in the Japanese Naval Headquarters.
October 11th 1937- First semi-active MWD homing antiship missile Golden Eagle is used by the Russians to damage the battleship Kaiser in the Baltic.
October 13th 1937- US 2nd Marine Division is landed in Kwajalein and Enewetak atolls on the Marshalls. Japanese Naval leaders decide to fight the US fleet in the area in an attempt to achieve a victory similar to the battle of Wake. In a battle that could be divided in three parts both fleet were battered but the US Pacific Fleet achieved the upper hand. The first part was the attack by the Japanese Carrier Task Force 2 to the supporting ships of the landing. The carnage was very heavy on the old battleships, with the US losing the old battlehorses, USS Alabama (a South Carolina Class) and the New York (a Delaware Class) and damage to a couple of newer battleships and cargo ships. This was as expected, with the two massive US carriers, the Cowpens and the Bunker Hill, starting the second part. Hiding out of the sight of the Japanese they launched their aircrafts in the direction of the fleeing Japanese aircrafts and achieved complete surprise over the Japanese carrier force. In what is considered a lopsided affair, the three Japanese carriers were sunk when the US aircrafts arrived while the Japanese aircrafts were being rearmed and refueled. The lost of those carriers was a terrible hit for the Japanese fleet but the naval actions weren't over. The third part was the ambush led by the four North Carolinas against the Japanese surface force been send to face the fleet northwest of the Marshalls. The Japanese force, led by the damaged Shinano, was decimated. The Shinano received the attention of the four North Carolinas while the other older battleships concentrated in the other ships. The tally was terrible for the Japanese fleet. The mighty Shinano, her sisters on repair in Subic, was sunk as two of the Yamashiro class battleships. The US loss was the USS South Dakota and damage was received on all the North Carolina ships. The US considered this battle a shift on the naval balance of power between them.
October 13th 1937- Marshall Pietro Badoglio, Italian military commander in Albania, surrender his forces to the Central Powers.
October 13th 1937- Nancy put under siege. The city garrison lasted until the ceasefire, defeating three attempts to capture the city.
October 16th 1937- Von Manstein declares Riga secured and began a slow movement in the direction of Estonia.
October 19th 1937- Russian and Bulgarian troops began evacuation of Republican Greece territory, but they left as much equipment as possible behind for the Republican forces.
October 20th 1937- Oil production facilities in Ploesti captured. Chaos ensues in Romania, with only the presence of ten Russian divisions making possible the continued existance of the Romanian regime.
October 27th 1937- Rails lines in the direction of Rheims and Amiens are announced as serviceable by the German engineers.
November 1937: Quentin Roosevelt and Ernest Hemingway meet, and quickly become close friends.
November 4th 1937- Australian 9th and 8th Division are landed near Port Moresby. Japanese defenders put a spirited resistance and combat was still going on when the ceasefire was agreed.
November 4th 1937- The Wilhelm IV railway cannon arrives near Rheims while further west the Wilhelm III arrives near Amiens.
November 8th 1937- Zhukov send a memo to Stravka reporting that the war will be eventually lost. Even with increased production of weapons and continuing to shorten the lines Russia was going to be defeated by late 1938 at the earliest and by 1939 for sure. He stated he was capable of still launching limited offensives and an attempt to recapture Minsk was possible but will not change the outcome of the war.
November 11th 1937- At 05:03 minutes the first atomic device was shot in the direction of the administrative center of Rheims. The device used as target the Cathedral and reached it's destination less than four minutes later. Many suffered blindness while looking at the flash on the distance but the destruction inflicted was a surprise for attackers and defenders alike. The center of the city was leveled and due to have been a ground explosion the center of the city is still hot. The explosion was followed by the Germans rushing forward taking advantage of the disarray of the defenders.
November 13th 1937- A second device is used in Amiens with the same results as the first. This time the weapons was made to denotate as a air burst, expanding the damage over a larger area. The Central Powers motorized forces moved forward and began moving in the direction of Paris.
November 14th 1937- Battle of Chalons sur Marne- US troops cross the Marne and continue their advance west after forcing a very difficult crossing of the river.
November 16th 1937- Dieppe falls to the advancing BEF.
November 17th 1937- Battle of Clermont. The last coherent French defenders in the direction of Paris are pushed away by the Germans.
November 18th 1937- Petain resigns as Prime Minister of France. Napoleon IV names foreign minister Pierre Laval as Prime Minister and ask him to seek terms for the surrender of France.
November 18th 1937- Japanese Prime Minister Konoe sends an offer with the Swiss Embassy for a ceasefire in place to start negotiations.
November 19th 1937- The Central Powers offer a ceasefire in place but with no terms or guarantees being offered beforehand. After deliberations by the French they relented. The war was over in the Western Front.
November 22nd 1937- The news of the use of atomic bombs by the Central Powers in France, the surrender of France and the memo send by Zhukov made an impression on the Tsar. He orders his foreign office to send peace feelers thru the Swedish embassy to the Central Powers to end the conflict.
November 29th 1937- After eleven days of back and forth negotiations, a ceasefire is agreed in the area. A main player in accepting this deal was President Wilkie's views that France was the main culprit against the US and not Japan. Many view this actions and the somewhat lenient peace treaty with Japan as one of the causes for his defeat in the 1940 election.
November 30th 1937- A ceasefire is agreed on the Eastern Front. The war is over.
December 1937- After the damage on the Kaiser is studied in Kiel after the war. A request is sent to the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy that the Navy ought to seek out such weapons and to find a counter for them.
December 1937- Former Prime Minister Pasolini, leader of the still powerfull Fascisti movement, tries a coup against the monarchy to return to power. His bid in Rome and in the south except for the cities of Naples and Bari failed. The tragic death of the King Emmanuel and his son Umberto after being captured by Fascisti militiamen, shot by an overzealous commander, threw the government into disarray.
December 4 1937: Hearst, Seymour, Gatling, and other loyalists meet privately in Washington to discuss Wilkie and the future of the party. Their main problem with the president is not his policies. They are afraid that he is far too much of a loose cannon. Seymour comments that both parties have become very centrist, and that a Republican who reppresented Hearst's ideologies could be a useful tool in future elections.
1938 - The reconstituted Belgian legislature accepts the invitation of the German Kaiser to become a part of the German Empire. Wallonia is returned to Belgium within the framework of the German Empire, but German troops will continue to occupy the region for the foreseeable future.
1938 - A large scale renovation is done on the Atlantic Avenue Elevated Line. It is decided to split the Elevated Line into two, with the Atlantic line extending to the growing communities of Malden, and the two diverging after Devon Station (later East Berkeley), and a second connection at Sullivan Square, though the plan takes several years to come to fruition.
1938 - Austrian Empire troops are announced to be remaining in Romania for 'an indefinite period' of occupation.
1938 - US President Wilkie introduces his concept of a 'World Congress' to the Central Powers as the centerpiece for a plan to secure the peace after the dreadful Global War.
1938- A post war recession strikes the world.
1938 - Respected former president Al Smith actively campaigns for his former protege, Theodore Roosevelt Jr. in the general election in New York.
1938 - In the aftermath of the Global War, British Guyana and the Republic of Guiana petition the British government to allow the merger of the two nations. After intensive discussions on the issue, it is agreed that the two will merge and form the first non-white Dominion of the British Empire, the Dominion of Guyana. Within the new Imperial Council system, they will acknowledge the King as ceremonial head of state, but the local Parliament will have complete control of internal matters, and send elected representatives to the Imperial Council which decides matters of inter-Empire relations and foreign relations.
January 1938- With a brewing Civil War forming in Italy the Austro-Hungarian troops were ordered to dig in Lombardy and Venetia while their government tried to find anyone with any authority to sign a peace treaty.
January 1938- The operational history of the 1st Joint Air-Transportable Regiment was studied by the General Staffs of the victor powers; the Austro-Hungarians were interested in the possibilities but their pressing concerns made impossible to further develop the concept; the Germans considered the concept interesting but they were enamored with the concept of motorization and considered that dropping troops from aircrafts as a “passing fad”; the British continued studies to maybe create units to be operational in the colonies using the concept; the United States began studies similar to the British ones but with the idea of maybe rapid deployment to troubled areas in the Western Hemisphere using that same concept; and finally the Ethiopians embraced fully the concept by using their surviving members of the 1st Joint Regiment to create a school in Addis Abbeba and later the creation of the first permanent Air-transportable unit, the 1st Royal AirMobile Guards Battalion.
January 14th 1938- Brigadier General Michael Skorzeny ordered to the Austro-Hungarian garrison in Lombardy. With the area festering with partisans and demobilized Italians soldiers, he was tasked with creating a special unit to deal with partisans in the area. His unit, Regiment 999, turned into an well-armed elite mountain, ski and later airmobile unit that eliminated partisan activity in Lombardy and Venetia by the end of 1939. Many now consider Skorzeny as the man that creates the modern camo uniforms, when he ordered a batch of camouflage uniforms to be made for his unit on the summer of 1938. By the end of the 1940’s all major nations combat uniforms were camouflaged.
January 18th 1938- 1st Battle of Larissa. Monarchist forces fail in dislodging the Republican forces fortified in the area. King George II of Greece ask the British government for support.
January 20th 1938- A young Italian army Captain named Giacomo San Pietro called for the citizens of southern Italy to help in the defeat of the fascisti holdout in Naples and Bari, calling them "the ones that caused the dead of our rightful leaders."
Febuary 1938: Seymour handpicks Theodore Roosevelt Jr. as a logical Republican sucessor to Hearst. The Hearst papers begin to run possitive articles on Roosevelt. The Hearst loyalists begin pulling strings behind the scenes ensuring Roosevelt a huge supply of money, and support from many key Democrats.
February 1938- The La Folletes had kept a spot in the Senate for almost the entire century. It was believed that no candidate could defeat long term incumbent La Follete Jr. Edward McCarthy steps forward as a potential candidate, hoping that the name recognition would help him when he moves into private legal practice.
February 1938: Eager to expand into new markets while its European rivals struggle from the postwar recession, DuPont opens sales and R&D offices in Canada, Australia, Ethiopia, and India. The branches become productive quite rapidly, and British investment wizard John Maynard Keynes makes their success the subject of his best-selling investment guide, The Borderless Corporation.
Febuary 1938: Speaker of the House Hoover presents an economic recovery plan to deal with the post war crisis. It is based on his traditional tax realignment strategies, and receives much more general support from the Democrat Party than Wilkie's more interventionist tactics. Hoover uses his influence in both parties, while maintaining mild popularity among Populists in order to get the legislation passed. The legislation reverses many of Wilkie's propositions.
February 1938- Pasolini consolidates his power in the parts of northern Italy not occupied by the Austro-Hungarians. His purge of pro-royalist sympathizers in the troops in the area was swift and brutal. Farther south, dissatisfied workers and farmers rose in arms declare a People's Republic under the leadership of the former genovese Palmiro Togliatti in the provinces of Tuscany, Emilia Romagna and Umbria.
February 4th 1938- First of the ten ship Hornet Class of carriers is commissioned by the US Navy. The USS Hornet weighted 27,000 tons, have a maximum speed of 33 knots, with an armored flying deck similar to the Cowpens and her sister and capable of carrying 90 aircrafts. It was the first of a class that carried the US flag for close to thirty years. The last five of the class were build at a more leisured pace than the first five of the class, that were completed and commissioned in less than two years.
February 17th 1938- Al Szymanski traded by the New York Yankees to the Boston Blue Sox for two players after a sub-par season.
February 18th 1938- Repairs began to the oil facilities in Persia and Basra after the end of the Global War. By the end of 1941 all facilities in the area were at full capacity and under British or Turko-Arabic administration.
February 19, 1938 -- Having watched the Toronto Blue Jays successfully experiment with Negro players for a season and a half now, the Pirates touch off a sudden rush to sign all the best players. Striking first, they land Judy Johnson, Allen Dixon, Fenn Leonard, and -- last but not least -- Cumberland Posey himself, who is hired to run the Homestead Grays as a farm league for the Pirates.
March 1938- Pope Clement XV asks the Austro-Hungarian government for protection in the very volatile situation that existed at the time, with the possibility of the now Kingdom of Italy forces in Naples or the People's Republic making a move in the direction of Rome. Even with Austria-Hungary streched to the limit, they send a three division expedition that landed in Anzio and created a cordon sanitaire around the city of Rome.
March 17th 1938- Prime Minister Churchill informs the Greek government that they will help them with all they can afford. While the land troops promised were minimal, two Royal Marine Brigades, the decision to send three aeroplane squadrons and a sizable part of the Mediterranean Fleet was well received.
March 31st 1938- The Treaty of Geneva is signed, the treaty that ended the French part of the conflict. France was stripped of all their colonies and their military forces were reduced to no more than a heavy armed police force. Their armed forces were prohibited of having landships or heavy bombers, prohibited of having chemical or atomic weapons and the use of flamethrowers. The navy was reduced to the size of a small coastal fleet, only allowed to keep their two Normandie class battleships as capital ships. They were also prohibited of ever having submarines. The French districts of Meuse, Pas de Calais, Nord, Somme, Aisne, Marne, Ardennes, Moselle, Meurthe, Vosges and Haute Saone were put under German, British and US occupation for a period of five years or until reparations are paid for the damages incurred by France against the Central Powers. Later it was agreed that the Central Powers' war debt to the United States was instead acquired by France in lieu to reparations. The other Central Powers wanted a complete occupation of France but the United States president Wendell Wilkie used his economic leverage to made them accept a reduced occupation of the defeated nation. The bulk of their African colonies went to Great Britain except for Madagascar, the Ivory Coast and Guinea that were adjudicated to Germany and the French Somaliland to Ethiopia. British Somaliland (ITTL it includes the former Italian Somaliland) was ceded to the Ethiopians as promised for their help during the war. When the news of this treaty reached Paris the outroar in repudiation of this treaty was inmense. This treaty is one considered one of the causes of the 2nd French Civil War.
April 1938: Charles Seymour dennounces the current Democratic Party, and joins the Republicans. He goes on NBC to explain the importance of centrism in American politics.
April 1938: McCarthy begins a strong muckraking campaign against La Follete, attempting to expose three decades worth of corruption in the family. He uses distate for Swing and the entire progressive movement to fuel fire. Many politicians believed that the old Progressive movement was out of date, and McCarthy recieves major funding. The Equality League, trying to keep a centrist reputation rather then just seeming to be in the Progressive's pocket refuses to assist La Follete Jr. as they had done in the past.
April 1938- Pasolini moves south in the direction of the People's Republic while the forces of San Pietro began to move north. The beginning of the Second Italian Civil War.
April 1938: Wilkie declares his support to grant all newly gained insular territories independance after an adjustment period of five years. Many Republicans, lead by George Cabot-Lodge object to this move, claiming that these islands are crucial to national security. Stimson officially leaves the Democratic Party over the issue, though he rejoins a year later.
April 1938- A large bulk of heavy landships and other weapons prohibited by the Geneva treaty were illegally crossed into Spain and Northern Italy from France. The Central Powers suspected the illegal sale of war material to Spain and the Italians but they had no proof of that type of that actions occuring until months later.
April 3rd 1938- Madagascar officially was transferred to German hands. Still the political scene was very unstable. Economic and social concerns, like food shortages, black-market, labor conscription by the occupying Germans since their invasion of the island, ethnic tensions between the new masters and the natives and the return of veterans from the war strained the situation on the island. The worst was that the native Malagasy expected their independence and were shocked when they were transferred to German rule.
April 5th 1938- Massive demonstrations against the terms of the Treaty of Geneva in various major French cities put down by police and troops.
August 17th 1938- Lt. Colonel Adolph Hitler II renounces his commission in the Austrian LandHeer and began to work as a civilian instructor in the Austrian military academy in Wiener Neustadt.
April 18th 1938- Stafford Cripps is elected as the first Labour Prime Minister in the history of Great Britain. As leader of a coalition of the Liberal and Labour he began an economic program to try to get Great Britain out of their economic woes.
April 19th 1938- Treaty of San Francisco signed between the combatants in the Pacific. While later historians consider this treaty to have been too lenient with the Japanese the delegates present had to consider the situation in Europe at the time, the war weariness of the Central Powers and the real possibility of renew combat in the area if the terms were too harsh. The Chinese gained the former Japanese territory of Shantung. They also annexed the former French colony of Tonkin and created a protectorate over Laos and Annam. The Siamese annexed their territorial claims in the Malayan and Cambodian borders and created a puppet nation of Cambodia. The Germans gained a protectorate over the area of Cochinchina. Australia gained the former French colonies of New Caledonia and Vanuatu. The United States acquired French Polynesia and the Marshall Islands from Japan. A neutral nation of Manchuria is created as a buffer zone between China and Japan. The Japanese agreed to withdrew back to their pre-war borders except for the mentioned territorial changes to their Empire. The British, German, Portuguese, Americans, Chinese and Australians regained all pre-war colonies and territories captured during the war. Japan was forced to pay reparations for damages incurred during their occupation of Central Power territory. The reparations were later ammended to the Central Powers war debt to the United States been transfered to Japan. Japan was prohibited of the use of poison gas and atomic weapons plus their naval and land forces were reduced in size. The Japanese ground army was reduced to ten infantry divisions and twenty reserve ones. The Navy was ordered to reduce their battleship fleet to nine and their carriers to three, with the excess being given as reparations to some of the victorious nations. They also were prohibited to build new battlecruisers or battleships for twenty years, except to replace allowed ships and to build new carriers for a period of ten years.
May 1938- The Italian Civil War turns into a stalemate. Neither force was organized enough to achieve their expected objectives. While the Northern Fascisti troops from Pasolini were better armed the majority of the trained officers either went to People’s Republic or to the remaining forces of the Kingdom of Italy based in Naples.
May 1938: The International Recovery Act is drawn up by Democrats, but receives mostly bi-partisan support. The war debt owed to the US after the Treaties of Geneva, Stockholm and San Francisco are reinvested into all European nations and Asian nations to help them rebuild and reorganise. Huge amounts of American investment are placed into rebuilding war torn infrastructures from both sides. The US, having become by far the richest nation on Earth having profited from the war, becomes a necessary crouch for Europe.
May 1938- Cabot-Lodge Jr. takes over the Massachusetts school board system, and introduces more sweeping reforms. He becomes a center in the media spotlight as he starts to date celebrities and make a serious dent in East Coast social high society, why all the while remaining a reform minded moderate Republican. He was a novelty is the way he broke the mold, and became an iconic symbol for class co-operation. Many questioned why he took such a minor job when he could probably sucessfully run for congress or mayor. His response was simply "I don't care about the glamour. This job just has to be done, and I'm the one who's bothered to do it." He hosts a bi-weekly TV talk show on NBC which focuses not just on politics but also on human intrest, and even high-society.
May 1938- The Nigerian troops are demobilized with the end of the Global War. While only a regiment was kept for security in the colonies, the ideas brought by the veterans were to shape the post-war Nigerian politics.
May 2nd 1938- Japan announces the two remaining Yamashiros (with five dual 14") were ceded to China. They also announced the whole remaining Mutsu class ( with five dual 16") were being divided with two going to Australia and one to Siam.
May 6th 1938- Japan announces that Germany and United States will receive the two Taisho class carriers (38 aircrafts each).
May 14th 1938- Treaty of Stockholm is signed. The Russian Empire is considered to have received lenient terms by later historians, the actions of the US delegation being considered important in the terms received by the Russians. Pretty much Eastern Europe returned to the pre-war borders between Russia and their neighbors. Russian forces evacuated Romania, who felt under Austria-Hungary occupation until reparations could be paid for the damages inflicted in Transylvania by them. Russian also evacuated their current holdings in the Middle East, Anatolia and the Bosphorus. Bulgaria lost their holdings in Macedonia, Thrace and the city of Adrianople was ceded to the Ottomans. (Pretty much Bulgaria is being reduced to OTL borders.) Armenia, the Kurd Kingdom based in Mosul and Georgia recover their independence but were considered as neutral nations to ease fears of the Russians of being encroached. Northern Persia returned to their former position as a Russian protectorate. Russia was prohibited of having chemical or nuclear weapons. Their naval forces in the Baltic Sea were reduced by half and reparations were set to pay for the damages caused by the Russian occupation of Eastern Europe. This was later changed to the Central Powers war debt being given to the Russian Empire instead.
May 17, 1938 -- Ball-Davis score their biggest box-office smash with "War Widow," an uncharacteristically dark and pointedly anti-war epic written by Ball. It wows critics, too, sweeping up all the major awards. Joanie Carson, whose German husband died in the 1934 Battle of Tobruk, becomes the first Black person to win Best Actress.
May 20-29, 1938 -- The British Imperial Council meets in Aseb, Ethiopia with the leaders of its East African colonies. Honoring the famous 30-year pledge, the British Empire agrees to give Egypt its independence. Its western border is the 27th parallel; land to the west will go to the British Provinces of Libya in the north and Tchad in the south. Its southern border will be the 11th parallel; in deference to pressure from Ethiopia and Christian political groups, the largely black-skinned and recently Christianized population south of the 11th will form the new British Province of Upper Nile. The Aseb Accords also provide for greater autonomy in British Kenya, an event that in retrospect was the tipping point in Kenya eventually winning Dominion status.
May 22nd 1938- Major Frank Halford is tasked to complete a full scale jet engine based on both of Whittle's designs. The project didn't receive priority due to the ongoing recession and later to the post war cutbacks on the military.
June 1, 1938 -- Elections in Austria-Hungary bring in a fairly conservative bunch, with the major exception being a new minority party, Slovenija Europa, which is dedicated to two causes: protecting the Slovene nationality and establishing peace in Europe through supra-governmental bodies. Lead by the venerable Father Anton Korošec, they score 20% of the Slovene vote.
June 19th 1938- British troops entered Hong Kong, the first time in close to four years, to take over the administration of the city but instead Portugal announced they renounced to their rights to Macao after receiving financial considerations from China. The Chinese were furious of being forced to give over Hong Kong back to the British after having them under their control and hurt the Anglo/Chinese relationships for a long time.
July 1938: Quentin Roosevelt invests 90 million dollars into expanding his business interests into Europe. However he refuses to build arms factories in France.
July 17th 1938- In an historic meeting, Presidents Cardenas of Mexico and Vasconcelos of South Mexico meet in Veracruz and signed the historical Veracruz Accord. Both nations recognized each other, trade agreements were reached between their nations and a mutual agreement to reduce the size of their militaries was also achieved in this meeting.
July 17th 1938- First French “volunteers” began to make their appearance in the Socialist Republic of Italy’s troops. Pasolini gave his thanks to the many men that considered “the Fascisti cause as the one that should rule Italy.” It was interesting for observers to see the volunteers arriving well equipped with military hardware banned to the French Army by treaty.
July 18th 1938-An historical agreement is reached in New Delhi, where the Maharajas agreed to help the Indian National Congress in achieving the status of Dominion in response to the announced acceptance of Guyana as a Dominion in the British Empire. The agreement created a House similar to the house of Lords were the Maharajas were going to be represented with veto power over legislations in India but their vetos could be overturned with a two-thirds vote in the now lower house of the Indian Parliament.
August 1938: McCarthy appears nationally on AW and attacks the Progressive movement. He is careful to praise the Populists, who were, at this point, a stronger force. He showed how the La Folletes and Swing had in the past dissenfrachised the farmers and Populists while focusing only on the towns and cities. He also bashed the Progressives as being anti-war. He recieves national recognition as the new leader of the radical Democrats. Stimson travels to Wisconsin to help him campaign.
August 1938- San Pietro’s forces captured south Latium but refrain themselves of entering Rome or the area under protection of Austro-Hungarian forces.
August 8th 1938- In a surprise move, and under the protection of the guns of the Royal Greek battleship battleship Vasileus Georgios and the HMS Vindicator plus the aircrafts of the HMS Albatros and Victorious, one British Marine brigade captured the port city of Kavala and it was later followed by the three Greek infantry divisions. The Republican forces were in shock and were forced to strip their defenses in central Greece to face this new threat.
August 21st 1938- Paul Schimdt is hired by Blohm & Voss to develope a pulsejet based anti ship weapon.
September, 1938: Quentin Roosevelt buys AT&T and quickly branches out into several new forms of businesses.
September 1938- First commercial oil discovery in Nigeria occurs at Olobiri in the Niger Delta. The discovery of oil in Nigeria brought the prospects of economic development for the colony to what it seemed a bright future.
September 2nd 1938- Salonika is bombed by the first time by the British squadrons. The British squadrons suffered minimal losses but achieved their objective of damaging the airport facilites and the infrastructure in the city.
September 6th 1938- Germany sell their two remaining Defflingers class battlecruisers to Argentina. This action is considered by many as the beginning of the arms race that caused the Second South American War.
September 10th 1938- The city of Florence surrenders to the Socialist Republic of Italy troops. The People’s Republic government is formed east in the city of Ancona. Secret arrangement is reached with the Austro-Hungarian government by the People's Republic of Italy to receive weapons to help defeat Pasolini and San Pietro, seeing by the Austro-Hungarians as greater threats than the Communists in Central Italy are.
September 12 1938- Brazilian Veterans begin to demonstrate, clamoring to the government that they should help find them jobs as they had served their country in time of war.
September 18th 1938- First recorded terrorist attack against occupation forces in France. Two US servicemen die went a bomb exploded near their guard position.
September 19th 1938- 2nd Battle of Larissa. Counting with air superiority and with the reduction of the Republican forces in the area to deal with the growing threat coming from Kavala the Monarchists break the enemy lines and forced them north in a rout.
September 29th 1938- Forces staged from Kavala are stopped in the Struma River but now the Republican forces are caught between two pincers.
Fall 1938- Situation in France is rapidly deteriorating; with the harsh terms of the Treaty of Geneva being felt everywhere in France, even in the occupied areas. Rising resistance against the British, German and US troops coupled with political instability in the rest of France made the nation like a cauldron ready to explode.
October 1st to 9th 1938- Baltimore Saints win their first World Series since 1915, 4 games to 2 over the Pittsburgh Pirates. With pitcher Hugh O’Brien(18-8-3.47-0) and Will Dubois (18-9- 3.43-0)leading the pitching plus with third baseman Tommy Ott (.294-31-99) and first baseman Lou Camarillo (.289-24-102) leading a well balanced offense the Saints won their division by 3 games over the Toronto Blue Jays.
October 6th 1938- Dr Alber Fono approches the German Navy with a ramjet powered version of his aerial torpedo.
October 12th 1938- Republican forces fail in their attempt to stop the Monarchists forces moving north from Larissa.
October 17th 1938- Former Japanese carrier Usho arrives Pearl Harbor, where the name is changed to Langley in honor of the carrier sunk in the Battle of Wake Island.
October 17th 1938- The Nigerian National Movement was created in Lagos by Nigerian veterans and members of the growing Nigerian middle-class. Their views at the beginning were to get recognized as a Dominion of the Empire but it later changed with time. Also the party believed in dividing the colony into a federated state, with all ethnic groups united only by a central government but the regions keeping some semblance of autonomy for local matters.
October 19th 1938- Prime Minister Laval is assassinated while returning to his home from his office. A bomb was planted under the pavement on the route to his house, a tunnel been dig from a nearby house to the middle of the street. The execution of the murder demonstrated that it was a well planned and organized plan, with enough explosives being planted to make the Prime Minister’s armoured car fly over a three story house and fall on that house’s courtyard.
October 20th 1938- Napoleon IV declares martial law in France while a pledge is made to find “the murderers of Laval.”
November 1938: Charles Seymour publishes a book about the primary system. He uses logic and philosophy to argue that the convention is a more Democratic system. His book has a strong influence on the Republican leadership who are eager to encourage former Democrats, and many of the primaries are cancelled. Seymour is put in charge of a commitee to plan the next convention.
November 1938 Theodore Roosevelt Jr. is elected Junior Senator of New York.
November 1938- Roberto “Tio Beto” Diaz Leon wins a fourth term as president of Cuba in an election were his party was the only one in the ballots. On the local front the economy slowed down due to the lack of commerce during the Global War but the economy began to recover thanks to the need of the European nations to acquire agricultural goods after the war. On the international front he was neutral during the Global War but after the war he opened his arms to refugees from all the nations of Europe, but specially Italians and French.
November 1938: The Democrats lose seats in the house, but retain a slim majority in a coalition with eight Populists from Oklahoma, South Dakota, New Mexico, and Colorado.
November 1938: Populists, moderate Republicans, and Democrats vote for McCarthy.
November 1938 -- Britain's Sopwith-Rolls and Ethiopia's Gesgeshi, seeing opportunity in the utter chaos of Europe's post-war auto market, establish major ventures on the Continent.
November 1938- Luis Muñoz Marin, son of the first President of Puerto Rico, defeats the incumbent due to the slowing economy being the main issue of the campaign, with the growing numbers of inmigrants from South America and Europe jobs began to get scarce. For the next four years President Muñoz Marin began a program to make the Puerto Rican even more dependant of manufacturing and technology and less of agriculture, with the agreement that brought a Roosevelt Aviation plant to the town of Aguadilla being the highlight of that program.
November 4th 1938- United States Marines began studies to develop a way to land troops in defended beaches. The lessons of the Global War, were the Marines were decimated in the beaches of Tarawa and the Marshall Islands while trying to land in open barges, demonstrated the Marines needed a vehicle capable of giving some kind of protection to the troops in the beaches while at the same time being an amphibious transport.
November 5, 1938 -- The British Imperial Council reorganizes the remainder of Britain's Sarahan possessions, gained from France and Italy after the War. All lands north of the geographic divide between the Sahara desert and the semi-arid Sahel are reorganized into two territories, Punica and Sahara. The border between the two is formed by the fall line on the southern side of the Atlas mountains, but the real division is cultural. Punica, consisting of the balmy, fertile Algerian and Tunisian coasts, began the war 60% of European immigrant stock, mainly Basque and the various Romantic ethnicities. After the war, it is now 65% European, as Arabs and Berbers took a severely disproportionate percentage of war casualties. Sahara, meanwhile, is 97% Arab and Berber, with the European immigrant population being confined almost entirely to Tripoli, Tobruk, and Bengasi. Geographically, it is by far the largest territory (as opposed to nation) in the world, but it is very sparsely populated.
November 10th 1938- The former Japanese carrier Taisho arrives to Hamburg, were the name is changed to the Kaiser Wilhelm III.
November 15 1938- Following the victory of the war and Fernando Moreira Umanzor is easily reelected president.
December 1, 1938 - Mustafa Kemal proclaims the abolition of the Ottoman Empire and the creation of the Turko-Arabic Federation. It is modeled heavily off the Austrian Federated Empire and the British Imperial system, but with a President rather than royalty.
December 4th 1938- Three Caracciolo battleships in Taranto explode and suffer terrible damage while being in port under strange circumstances. The People’s Republic were blamed for the decimation of the part of the fleet under the control of the faction under the control of Giorgio San Pietro but it was later proved in the 1970’s that the attack was launched by Austrian commandos that cut the submarine nets and allowed a pair of submarines to torpedo the ships while in port. The ships were never repaired and were finally sold for scrap in the middle 1940’s.
December 17th 1938- Salonika is captured by Monarchists forces. This is consider the end of the conventional part of the Civil War, but guerilla forces were active for the next three years in the northern districts.
December 18th 1938- Chile announces the purchase of three of the fairly modern former French battlecruiser of the Lorraine class. The Argentinean reaction was one of shock to the news.
December 29, 1938 -- Another Freddy Ball & Barbie Davis shocker dominates celebrity news as they file for divorce.
1939 - American investments hit an all-time high in the Austrian Federated Empire and even the newly acquired territories. One of the most successful ventures is the investment of Standard Oil in the refurbishing of the Ploieşti oil complex damaged during the war.
1939-40 President Kemal pushes through extreme economic and social reforms on the Turkish and Arabic regions of the nation, compelling industrialization and westernization. While many would try to resist him, in decades to come his reform programs would come to be fondly known as the 'strong medicine' needed by the nation.
1939 - Spurred by Guyana's surprise rise to Dominion status, India petitions the Crown for Dominion status.
1939- The Islamic Empowerment Party, better known as Allah's Will, crops up in the Middle East. The founder Saddam Al-Hadim gives a speech in Jerusalem to people about the sacrifices neccessary so that Islam can once again rule. he says that all muslims should be brothers in Islam.
January 1939: Quentin Roosevelt uses his vast ammounts of money to found a non-profit organisation called The Roosevelt Institute. It is focused on helping rebuild the world after the war. He is offered and accepts a slot every Thursday night on NBC.
January 24th 1939- Former commander of the AEF during the Global War, Archibald Butt dies on his sleep. The 73 year old Lt. General was a candidate for the position of Army Chief of Staff but his dead forced president Wilkie to seek for another men for the post.
February 1939 - The Austrian Legislature votes to make Romania a 'protectorate' of the Empire. Rioting and guerilla attacks from Romanians in response to the announcement are harshly put down but will continue for the next six years, forcing Austria-Hungary to keep a sizable garrison in Romania.
February 1939 -- Vlad Kardelj of Slovenija Europa begins a friendship with Bosniak politician Mehmed Spaho, begun by the pair's silent dissent over the Romanian annexation. Kardelj convinces Spaho to leave the Liberals and form Bošnjaci Europa.
February 7th 1939- The Royal Navy orders the first of the Colossus Class of aircraft carriers. The British nation was still reeling of the economic effects of the war and it was considered they can’t compete with the new carriers being build in America, so an expedient solution was found. The Colossus class were build up to commercial, instead of naval standards so they could be build in number sufficient to compete with the coming US carriers. The Colossus lacked the armored decks common of the earlier British carriers and the newer US ones, but in less than two years 10 of them were completed. They were slower than the US carriers, at 25 knots, and carried less aircrafts, at 48, but they were useful ships that served for a long time in the Royal Navy.
February 16th 1939- First reported use of gas in the 2nd Italian Civil War. The desperate forces of the People’s Republic used mustard gas to defeat an advance by Fascisti forces in center Italy. The nations of Europe were shocked by the brutality this new conflict was reaching, with TV showing scenes almost daily of the ongoing conflict.
February 17th 1939- The Russians comply with the naval terms of the Treaty of Stockholm. One Borodino class battlecruiser, two Gangut and one Imperatritsa Mariya class battleships are escorted into the hands of a joint Anglo/German task force for disposal.
February 18th 1939- With the lessons of the Global War been taken into account the new US landship, the M3A1 entered service. Replacing the interim M2A1, this vehicle was an upgrade over the previous vehicle. With overall armor of 80mm, with a maximum road speed of 25 miles and armed with a 75mm gun in a turret with a coaxial .30 machine gun and one machine gun by the driver. This vehicle was the main combat landship of the US military after the cancelation of the proposed heavy infantry one in late 1939 due to be seeing as a waste of funds by many in the Senate and in the House.
March 1939: Hoover draws up a mild education reform bill that does not infringe upon states rights. It receives general support, though some radical Equality Republicans claim that it does not do enough. Ironically, the radicals attacking the legislation actually gives Hoover credibility, and he maintains his popularity among both Democrats and moderate Republicans. Though many Democrats approch him, he refuses to run against Wilkie for the nomination.
March 8th 1939- Following the advice of their German ‘advisors”, the Chinese Army began the demobilization of the massive number of troops used in the Global War. The plan was to build an Army following the German ideas of motorization as the basis for a professional force. By the end of the year close to 40 divisions were demobilized.
March 12, 1939 - Mustafa Kemal is formally elected President of the Turko-Arabic Federation.
March 14th 1939- France announces the last two remaining Courbet class battleships are being scrapped to comply with the Treaty of Geneva.
March 14th 1939- French sells their two remaining Lorraine battlecruisers to the Turko-Arabic Federation. This purchase doubled the size of the capital ships in the Turkish fleet.
April 1939: Hearst buys out Franklin Roosevelt. Hearst takes control of the New York Times, finally establishing himself as the undisputed king of American newspapers.
April 16th 1939- Theodor Heuss is elected Chancellor of Germany. His election is considered by later historians as backlash to the terrible casualties of the war and a public response clamoring for peace. His policy was one of military reduction, especially in the Imperial Fleet and in the Heer, with funds being allocated to the development of a delivery vehicle for the atomic weapon and to the creation of a smaller but better armed Heer and Air Force. The reductions in military spending were used to rebuild the German infrastructure and to pay for projects like the Space Program. He also was a believer in the superiority of the German culture and he later began cultural and economic exchanges with Austro-Hungary after the Teutonic Party achieved power in that country.
April 18, 1939 -- A judge refuses to grant Ball & Davis's divorce, saying that California law does not recognize divorce without fault. Ball & Davis petition for rehearing.
May 1939: Believing that there was trickery involved, Franklin Roosevelt take up law suits against Hearst. He find himself picking a fight with the wrong man, as investigators ransack his life and records to find evidence against him. He lost in court.
May 10th 1939- Skopje Accords. With no peace treaty still signed with the Italians, an agreement was reached by Serbia and Greece to divide the Italian Albania between them. Finally an agreement was reached that gave 60% of Albania to Serbia and the remaining parts to Greece.
May 17th 1939- Germany announces they are keeping the former Russian Borodino class battlecruiser for duty in the Far East colonies.
June 1939: With Hoover's legislation in place, the American economy begins to restore itself. Wilkie recieves no credit.
June 1939 -- President Mustafa Kemal's two most famous nicknames appear in print for the first time. In Turkish newsmedia, he is "Ataturk", the father of the Turkish nation. His Arab political enemies, though, have taken to referring to him as "Kafir at-tabarri", for having supposedly renounced Islam and taken up Christianity; they point to his championing of the Turkish written language over Arabic and laws protecting Jews and Christians to an even greater extent than in Ottoman times as "proof" of his apostasy. Despite this slur, Kemal remains immensely popular among the common Arabs, who are already learning to take politicians' claims with a grain of salt.
June 1, 1939: The Gesgeshi Marathon, a fuel-efficient sedan, is now the best-selling car in Southern Persia. It is the first time that an Ethiopian company has risen to the top of a foreign market.
June 4th 1939- A military coup led by the former commander in Malaya Lt. General Yamashita takes over power in Japan. They blamed what they considered "ineffective leadership on the Home Islands" as the real cause of the defeat in the Global War and that "traitors need to eliminated and kept away of his Highness the Emperor so they don't cloud his judgement ever again."
June 18th 1939- New Japanese Prime Minister Yamashita announces emergency measures will be taken to ensure the elimination of defeatist politicians and factions in Japan. He also announced all political activity was going to be banned for the “time being” until the Emperor decided it was time to return to democracy.
July 1, 1939-The Federal Boundary Commission, ordered by Mustafa Kemal to propose the exact boundaries of the Provinces of the Turko-Arabic Federation, returns with its proposals. Most of the states are only slightly larger than the typical European province and are fairly ethnically and religiously homogenous, as least as much as is possible in such a nation.
July 17th 1939- With growing casualties in France, President Wilkie announces that the US troops were pulling out of France by the summer of 1940 and gave the order to the occupation troops commander, Dwight D. Eisenhower, to began making preparations to turn over the areas under their control to the British and the Germans.
July 19, 1939 -- At the rehearing of the Ball-Davis divorce, Joanie Carson testifies that she had slept with Ball soon after learning that her husband had died in battle. The judge grants the divorce. The truth, that Carson fabricated the tryst to help Ball keep his homosexuality concealed, only comes out decades later, through the memoirs of Carson's second husband, "Negro Abroad" star journalist Lincoln Baldwin.
August, 1939: Franklin Roosevelt decides to enter local LA politics, lobbying for urban reform, harkening back to his old Equality days.
August 1939 - The German Reichstag passes legislation requiring the consent of both the Chancellor and the Emperor before the release of nuclear weapons.
August 6th 1939- An attempted right-wing coup fails in Paris. Former French Prime Minister Henri Petain arrested after being identified as the leader of the coup.
August 14th 1939- Greece receives a former Russian Gangut as part of the war reparations owned by Russia to their nation.
August 24th 1939- Right wing militia in France rises on arms in major French cities. Army is called to try to stop the militias but part of the Army deserted to the rebels. This date is considered the date the 2nd French Civil War started.
September 1939- India is accepted as the second non-white Dominion in the British Empire. British educated Jawaharlal Nehru elected first Prime Minister of the Indian Commonwealth.
September 1st 1939- Pope Clement XV dies.
September 9th 1939- French government announces the city of Paris is under the control of the Army but the right-wing militias are in control of Brittany, Normandy and other major cities in the west and center. Napoleon IV is formed to seek the help of the just formed labor unions to try to eliminate the rising threat.
September 11th 1939- Michael von Faulhaber is elected as Pope. Many view this as the Catholic Church accommodation with the victorious Central Powers. He takes the name of Paul VI.
September 11, 1939 - Mustafa Kemal narrowly avoids an assassination attempt by a former Ottoman official.
September 18th 1939- The former Russian Imperatritsa Mariya is turned over to the Austro-Hungarian fleet. After considerations the ship was sent to be upgraded with four dual 15” turrets in place of the original weapons. The upgrades were completed by the end of 1941.
September 19th 1939- President Wilkie orders General Eisenhower to accelerate the withdrawal of American troops from Occupied France.
October 1st 1939- Under the leadership of shortstop Paul Dimaggio and catcher Gabby Harnett the Chicago Cubs win their first of two consecutive World Series. The team won 103 games and was led by the league leading .352 batting average of Dimaggio, who also hit 39 homeruns and had 127 ribbies in only his third major league season.
October 3rd 1939- Due to financial hardship of the down turn in Germany economy Junkers sells half its engine manufactioning and research divisions. Due to unknown circunstances the plant with the revolutionary Junker RTO is sold to the Fokker A.G.
October 3rd 1939- City of Florence recaptured by People’s Republic Army forces. With the withdrawal of the majority of the French “volunteers” and the massive use of gas by the Communists the Fascisti forces were in disarray.
October 10, 1939: Leland Motors releases the Atlas, a full-size truck that uses a hybrid engine to acheive horsepower levels previously associated only with military vehicles -- not too surprising, since they had largely cornered the defense market as of late. Leland successfully parlays the good press into a new brand image as the "cowboy" car company, opening a giant new plant in Kansas City and releasing high-powered hybrids on its Willys and Nash lines.
October 16th 1939- Chilean president Marmaduke Grove announces an economic program to promote import substitution industrialization and welfare measures for the urban middle and urban classes. He also allowed urban labor unions but he barely allowed reforms in the rural areas to appease conservative landowners. Also a large part of the GNP was used to upgrade the Chilean military, both as a thread for their neighbors and the civilian population of their own nation.
November 1939- Lt. General Bela Ferenc Blasko made military commander of Romania. Know as "Vlad the Impaller" or "Dracula" behind his back by his troops due to actions fighting Montenegrin partisans in the 1920's was considered the perfect man to deal with the growing guerilla activity in Romania.
November 1939- In the Philippines, Nacionalista Party returns to power after the backlash of the defeat in the Global War. The Nacionalista Party candidate Manuel Roxas wins with a 65% of the popular vote over the incumbent Ramos.
November 9th 1939- Charlemagne Peralte is forced into exile when the rebels began an offensive in the south and the Gendermerie changed sides, with Peralte barely making it alive out of the country. The leader of the rebels is assassinated three days later and the commander of the Gendermerie, Pierre Rouche, takes over as President of Haiti.
November 19th 1939- Liberal minded group in Brittany launch a coup against the right-wing forces in Brittany.
December 17th 1939- The French to comply with the Treaty of Geneva turned over the whole remaining ships of the Bretagne Class to Greece, Austria-Hungary and the Turko-Arab Federation as part of reparations.
December 17th 1939- Last American troops leave the port of Calais. The US evacuation was a very unpopular move in Europe, with the Germans and British being forced to take over the former American zone almost overnight. The growing resistance to the remaining occupation forces was an expected result of all this.
December 21st 1939- The Blackburn Fury enters service with the Royal Air Force . The Fury withs it massive 3200 hp Titan was the fastest of the postwar fighters and is considered today the epitome of the propeller fighters. While other aircrafts later had better armament and more range it was still the faster fighter of the era except for the rocket powered interceptors. With a maximum speed of 480 miles, a service of ceiling of 40,000 feet, a range of 525 miles and armed with 4 20 mm cannons. The Fury was a deadly combination of speed range and firepower. Served well into the early 1950's for the RAF.