Note on Terror Groups: There exist many
of terrorism, but terrorism most commonly includes
these elements: Use
of premeditated, politically motivated violence or the
threat of violence; Targeting noncombatants;
Being a non-state actor; Absence of a state of war
(specifically conventional warfare),
thus excluding war crimes; Taking actions designed to
coerce, frighten, or "send a message"
to the public or a government (thus excluding
organized crime performed
for personal gain). The organizations listed on this
page have verifiably
used or attempted to use terrorist tactics, by the
above criteria. Self-identification
as a "terrorist" group is not required. This page does
not condone, support
or endorse violence or any of these groups which are
Groups are listed regardless of political or religious
page is intended purely for study and research
15 May Organization established from remnants of Wadi
Popular Front for the Liberation of
Bombs a Hotel in London.
Bombs El Al offices in Rome and Istanbul.
al-Umari ("Abu Ibrahim")
"the Bomb man"
Middle East, Europe
(ANO) (Fatah Revolutionary Council, Arab
Black September, and Revolutionary
Organization of Socialist
The Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)(Fatah Revolutionary
Council, Arab Revolutionary Brigades, Black September,
Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims) split
Targets included the United States, the United
Israel, moderate Palestinians, the PLO, and various
countries. Carried out terrorist attacks in 20
killing or injuring almost 900 persons.
on Syrian embassies in Islamabad, Pakistan and Rome,
assassination of Shlomo Argov, Israeli ambassador to
the United Kingdom. The attack will trigger the war
in Lebanon against the PLO presence.
of the British High Commissioner in Bombay,
of an Egyptian plane to Malta, where sixty-six people
were killed during a rescue attempt by the Egyptian
attacks on Rome and Vienna airports, killing sixteen
hijacking of Pan-Am flight 73 at Karachi
airport (22 persons killed).
of assassinating PLO deputy chief Abu Iyad and PLO
security chief Abu Hul in Tunis.
leader, Sabri Al-Banna, relocated to Iraq.
Authorities shut down the ANO's operations in Libya
police arrest Halima Nimer (f).
Nidal dies or is assassinated in Baghdad.
1974 - 16 Aug
Sabri al-Banna "Abu
1937 - d. 2002)
"Amin al-Sirr", "Sabri Khalil Abd Al Qadir"
few hundred plus limited overseas support structure.
Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) or simply Abu Sayyaf, also
known as Al
Harakat Al Islamiyya, split from the Moro National
Front, to promote an independent Islamic state in
Mindanao and the Sulu archipelago of the southern
on the town of Ipil.
kidnap 16 vacationers at Lake Sebu, Mindanao.
Jolo, Philippines a grenade was lobbed into a crowd
gathered to watch firefighters put out a blaze in a
supermarket. 10 people were killed, and at least 74
hostages -including 22 school children and 5 teachers,
priest were seized from two schools in Basilan, after
failed in an attempt to take an army outpost. The
subsequently released 20 hostages in exchange for
bombs went off in public places in the southern
city of General Santos killing 15 people and injuring
hostages were kidnapped from a Sipadan Island,
resort by Abu Sayyaf. The hostages include three
French, two South Africans, two Finns, one Lebanese
Filipino working at the Sipadan Island Resort and
9 Malaysians working on the island were also seized.
group of Jehovah's witness Christian sect who worked
door-to-door salespeople were kidnapped by suspected
rebels on the Philippine island of Jolo. The group of
men and five women were working for a cosmetics
they were abducted in the town of Patikul.
1991 - 18 Dec
- d. 1998)
Dec 1998 - Sep?
1975 - d. 2006)
Jan 2007 - Jun 2007
Radullan Sahiron (Commander Putol) (b. c.1952)
Jun 2007 -
core fighters and more than 2,000 supporters.
Action Directe (AD)
Action Directe (AD) founded as anti-NATO, based in
attack, AD machine guns the building of the CNPF
Medef) French employers federation.
AD banned by France.
kills Georges Besse, Chairman of Renault car company.
and Red Army Faction (RAF) claim joint responsibility
blast at U.S. air base in Frankfurt, Germany that
by AD and RAF states they will work together to attack
members arrested in Vitry-aux-Loges, France near
organization becomes defunct.
1977 - 21 Feb
Jean-Marc Rouillan (founder)
+ Nathalie Ménigon (f)
+ Joëlle Aubron
(b. 1960? - d. 2006)
+ Régis Schleicher (arrested 1984)
+ Georges Cipriani
West Germany, Belgium
Martyrs' Brigades (Brigades of Shahid Yasser
on Beit Yisrael, Jerusalem- 11 killed.
on Southern Tel Aviv central bus station- 22 killed.
decided to ask the leaders of the Al-Aqsa Martyr's
to join the Fatah Council, recognizing it officially
of the organization.
the brother of Ghassan Shakaa, the mayor of Nablus.
on Rehavia, Jerusalem, bus line 19- 11 are killed.
of Ashdod attack (together with Hamas)- 10 are
in the Gaza Strip, where Palestinian officers are
and PA security headquarters buildings and policemen
attack by armed gunmen.
that they will sign their attacks in the name
of Shahid Yasser Arafat."
responsibility for a shooting attack at the Gush
junction, killing three Israelis and wounding three
Union's Gaza offices were raided by 15 masked
They demanded apologies from Denmark & Norway
"Jyllands-Posten" Muhammad cartoons.
(imprisoned by Israel 15 Apr 2002)
Strip, West Bank, Israel.
members, unknown amount of external aid.
Alex Boncayao Brigade (ABB) formed in the Philippines,
as the breakaway urban 'hit squad' of the Communist
Party of the
Philippines New People's Army.
Believed to have been involved in the murder of U.S.
announced that it had formed an alliance with the
Proletarian Army (RPA) of Arturo Tabara.
credit for rifle grenade attack against Shell Oil
headquarters in Manila.
(b. 1953 - d. 2001)
de la Cruz
members, unknown amount of external aid.
Al-Islam ("Supporters of Islam") founded by merger
of two radical Kurdish Muslim sects (Jund al-Islam and
Movement splinter group).
and kills 42 PUK fighters.
Franso Haririr, Christian Kurdish politician.
assassination of Barham Salih, PUK leader.
a Kurdish restaurant.
9 PUK fighters and destroys Sufi shrines.
U.S. Agency for International Development
Laurence Foley in Amman, Jordan.
PUK, killing 103 fighters and wounding 117.
and Kurdish forces destroy bases and force Ansar
to flee Iraq.
Sep 2001 -
Abu Abdullah Shafae (Warya Holery)
(Najmuddin Faraj Ahmad)
(from 2003, under arrest in Norway)
Abdullah Shafae (Warya Holery)
in northern Iraq pocket around Biyarah and Halabja.
(est. Jan 2003)
Armed Islamic Group
voids the election victory of the Islamic Salvation
Armed Islamic Group (GIA, from French Groupe Islamique
al-Jama'ah al-Islamiyah al-Musallah) begins attacks to
the secular Algerian government and replace it with
terrorist campaign against foreigners living in
a "Caliphate", or Islamic government for Algeria, with
Gousmi as Commander of the Faithful, Mohammed Said as
Air France flight to Algiers.
27 May 1996
Bodies of seven monks from the
monastery of Tibhirine (L'Abbaye
Notre-Dame de l'Atlas) in
Algeria, belonging to the Roman
Catholic Trappist Order of
Cistercians of the
are found. The monks were
kidnapped on 26 Mar
1996. GIA claims
suspected in killing of French Archbishop of Oran.
The GSPC splinter faction appears to have eclipsed the
11 Jun 1999
a jihad on French territory in a threatening letter
addressed to the media.
1992 - Sep
Allel Mohamed "Moh
1992 - Nov
Jan 1993 -
Abdelhak Layada "Abu Adlane"
1993/94 - 26 Feb 1994
Mourad Si Ahmed
"Djaffar al-Afghani" (d. 1994)
1994 - Mar
Abou Khalil Mahfoudh (acting)
Mar 1994 - 26 Aug 1994
26 Aug 1994 - Sep 1994
Sep 1994 - 16 Jul 1996
Djamel Zitouni "Abou
Abderrahmane Amine"(b. 1964 - d. 1996)
1996 - 8 Feb
Antar Zouabri "Abou
1970 - d. 2002)
2002 - Jul 2004
Rachid Abou Tourab
2004 - Nov 2004
2004 - Dec 2004
probably several hundred to several thousand.
Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA) (Orly
Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia
the Orly Group, 3rd October Organization) formed as a
Leninist grouped to compel the Turkish Government to
acknowledge publicly its alleged responsibility for
of 1.5 million Armenians in 1915, pay reparations, and
territory for an Armenian homeland.
ambassador to Austria Danis Tunaligil is killed.
acknowledged killing -Turkish diplomat, Oktay Cerit,
of Ankara airport 9 killed.
at Orly Airport kills 8.
19 Dec 1991
Last attack targeted the bullet-proof
limousine carrying the
Turkish Ambassador to
Budapest, ambassador was
1975 - 25 Apr
(b. 1951 - d. 1988)
1988 - 1992
Western Europe, Armenia, United States, Syria, Turkey.
few hundred members and sympathizers.
for the Liberation of Rwanda (ALIR) (Interahamwe,
Former Armed Forces
Army for the Liberation of Rwanda (Armée pour la
Rwanda, ALiR)(a.k.a. Interahamwe, Former Armed Forces
[ex-FAR]) began actions to topple Rwanda's
government, and to restore Hutu control, and, possibly
complete the genocide begun early in 1994. FAR was
army of the Rwandan Hutu regime that carried out the
of 500,000 or more Tutsis and regime opponents in
Interahamwe was its civilian militia counterpart, both
in forced Congo exile.
ALIR kidnapped and killed 8 foreign tourists in a game
the Congo-Uganda border.
Consolidated forces with a Kinshasa-based Hutu group
to form the
Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR).
Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Shinrikyo (Supreme Truth, Aum)
Aum Shinrikyo (Supreme Truth or Aum) apocalyptic
religious cult founded to take over Japan and then the
Received official status of a religion from the
nerve gas attacks on several Tokyo subway trains that
12 persons and injured up to 6,000.
Asahara arrested by Japanese police.
itself Aleph, claims to reject the violent and
apocalyptic teachings of its founder.
1984 - 29 Dec
Shoko Asahara (Chizuo Matsumoto) (b. 1955)
29 Dec 1999
previously had a presence in Australia, Russia,
Germany, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, the former Yugoslavia, and
membership is estimated at 1,600 (2002 est.)(the
claimed to have 9,000 members in Japan and up to
Khalsa a militant Sikh separatist group formed.
of Air India flight, more than 300 are killed.
Joins in declaration of "Khalistan" independence from
at movie theater in Delhi, 1 person killed 49 injured.
1992 - 26 Mar
Paramji Singh Bheora
(Nucleus or Middle
Founded to protest Japan's imperial system, Western
and later events such as the Gulf War and the
Tokyo's Narita Airport. Largest domestic militant
small covert action wing called Kansai Revolutionary
a number of sabotage attacks, including several
to derail trains, as well as the launching of crude
rockets at United States Naval bases.
-  p; ....
has not engaged in any terrorist activities
for nearly two decades.
Irish Republican Army (CIRA) (Continuity Army
Irish Republican Army (CIRA)(a.k.a. Continuity
Council) formed as a radical terrorist splinter group
as the clandestine armed wing of the political
Republican Sinn Fein (RSF). Goal: reunification of
to force British troops from Northern Ireland.
bomb containing upto 1,200lb of home-made explosives
outside Kilyhelvin Hotel, Enniskillen, County
bomb containing 250lb of home-made explosives was
bomb, estimated at between 500 and 1,000lbs, was left
grounds of Carrybridge Hotel, near Lisballaw, County
responsibility for the attempted bombing of
bomb exploded outside an entertainment club, the
on Factory Road in Enniskillen, County Fermanagh.
a large car bomb, estimated at 500lbs, outside the
Ulster Constabulary station in the centre of
Moria, County Down.
explosion at a hotel in Irvinestown; there were no
a bomb under Hammersmith Bridge, London.
a bomb at Acton Underground Station, London.
9 Mar 2009
claimed responsibility for the fatal shooting of a
officer in Craigavon,
County Armagh, the first
in Northern Ireland since
-  p; ....
Ireland, Irish Republic.
than 50 hard-core activists.
Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP)-Hawatmeh
Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of
a Marxist-Leninist organization, founded when it split
the PFLP. Opposed the Israel-PLO peace agreement. Goal
achieve Palestinian national goals through revolution
Renamed Democratic Front for the Liberation of
Has made limited moves toward merging with the Popular
the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP).
poured gasoline at the entrance to a restaurant in
Sitrah, Bahrain and threw Molotov cocktails inside,
7 Bangladeshi employees and destroying the restaurant.
Marganit Outpost, Gaza Strip 2 Palestinian gunmen
soldiers and wounded seven Friday night as they
stormed a Gaza
Strip outpost in an attack unprecedented in the
intifada. Soldiers at the Marganit outpost shot and
two gunmen. The radical DFLP claimed responsibility
raid, in its first such claim in the intifada.
Lebanon, Gaza Strip, and West Bank
Islamic Jihad (EIJ) (al-Jihad, Islamic Jihad,
(a.k.a. Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Jihad Group, Islamic
Jihad) formed to overthrow Egyptian government and
with an Islamic state; attacks U.S. and Israeli
Egypt and abroad.
for assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat.
Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina is bombed
29 killed, 250 injured by Islamic Jihad.
in Egypt murdered author Faraj Fodah.
responsibility for attempted assassination of Egyptian
Interior Minister Hassan al-Alfi.
responsibility for attempted assassination of Egyptian
Prime Minister Atef Sedky.
Responsible for the Egyptian Embassy bombing in
Zawahri formally merged Egyptian Islamic Jihad into
(jailed 19.. - 14
19.. - 1998
- Talaa'al Fateh ("Vanguards of Conquest")
.... - ....
network outside Egypt, in Yemen, Afghanistan,
Sudan, Lebanon, and United Kingdom.
suspected to be several hundred.
Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP) (People's
Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)(People's
Army) founded as the military branch of the Partido
Revolucionario de los Trabajadores (Workers'
Kidnapping of Esso executive Víctor Samuelsson and
a ransom of $12 million.
armed forces moved ahead with the Dirty War,
dispensing with the civilian government.
as a military force by Argentine armed forces.
1974 - 19 Jul
1936 - d. 1976)
Gorriarán Merlo (b.
1941 - d. 2006)
fighters, with a 400 person support network,
some 2,500 sympathizers.
Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna
(ETA) (Basque Fatherland and Liberty)
Note: there seems not to be one leader, but
one or even more
Executive committee's. The leaders listed seem to have
been those who had
Fatherland and Liberty (ETA)(Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna)
established an independent homeland based on Marxist
in the northern Spanish provinces of Vizcaya,
and Navarra and the southwestern French departments of
Basse-Navarra, and Soule.
ETA decides to start military struggle.
carries out first planned killing: victim is Meliton
chief of secret police in Basque city of San
Premier Luis Carrero Blanco (likely Franco successor).
divided into: ETA - 5th Assembly or Military ETA
ETA - 6th Assembly or Political-Military ETA (ETA-pm).
23 Feb 1981 - Jan 1982
ETA-pm makes a truce
which lasts until Jan 1982 when they kidnap
the father of singer Julio Iglesias.
members of ETA-pm are arrested.
members of ETA-pm surrender.
is disbanded. What remains of its members joins the
ETA's three top leaders — military leader Francisco
Garmendia "Pakito", political leader José Luis Alvarez
Santacristina "Txelis" and logistical leader José
Erostarbe "Fiti", often referred to collectively as
of ETA or as the Artapalo collective  — were
arrested in the
French Basque town of Bidart.
Sep 1998 - 3 Dec 1999
group has killed more than 800 persons.
24 Mar 2006 - 30 Dec 2006 ETA declares a
30 Dec 2006
Bomb in parking lot of Barajas
International Airport in
Madrid kills 3.
31 Aug 1959 -
- Julen Madariaga
- José Maria Benito del Valle
- ETA-pm -
19.. - 22 Feb
José Astorquiza "Pottoka"
- ETA-m -
Iturbe Abasolo "Txomin" (d.
19.. - c.
Félix López de
Lacalle "Mobutu" (?)
Albizu "Antza" (1st time)
1998 - Sep
"Iñaki de Rentería"
Sep 2000 - 22 Feb 2001
Feb 2001 - Oct
Albizu "Antza" (2nd time)
(imprisioned Oct 2004)
-  p; ....
Spain and southwestern France
may have hundreds of members, plus supporters.
Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN)
Martí National Liberation Front (Frente Farabundo
para la Liberación Nacional, FMLN) formed with Cuban
help as an
umbrella group for Communist and leftist insurgent
U.S. crewmen, Lt. Col. David Pickett and Crew Chief
Earnest Dawson were executed after their helicopter
by the FMLN militants in San Miguel Department.
Agreement with El Salvadoran government; FMLN
continues as a
legal political party.
10 Jan 1980 - 31 Dec 1991 Schafik Jorge
(b. 1930 - d. 2006)
Fatah: see Palestine
of October Antifascist Resistance Group (GRAPO)
First of October Antifascist Resistance Group
Resistencia Anti-Fascista Premero de Octubre). The
the illegal Communist Party of Spain of the Franco
to overthrow of the Spanish government and replace it
Marxist-Leninist regime. GRAPO is vehemently
for the removal of all U.S. military forces from
policeman is killed in reprisal for the arrest in
of several GRAPO leaders.
-  p; ....
but likely fewer than a dozen hard-core
by senior Fatah officers, shortly after the
expulsion from Jordan. Originally intended as a
security force for Gasser Aright and other PLO
17 eventually became one of the PLO's elite units
functioned in various areas of operational activities
the direct guidance of Arafat.
a result of the Israeli attack on its headquarters,
along with the other PLO forces, left Lebanon for
two Israelis in the Marina of Larnaka in Cyprus.
caricaturist Nagy El-Ali assassinated in Kuwait.
Attempted sea born attack in Israeli beaches foiled.
Officially dissolved when Arafat returned to Gaza and
it into al-Amn al-Ri'asah (Presidential
security) unit commanded
by Faisal Abu Sharah.
1970's - 22 Jan
1979 Ali Hassan
Salame "Abu Hassan" (b. 1943 - d.
22 Jan 1979
al Natour "Abu Tayeb"
West Bank, Gaza Strip, Jordan
at 3,000 members.
de Libération du Québec (FLQ) (Quebec Liberation
is founded. Their ultimate goal is to establish
independent Quebec nation, free from any ties to
rest of Canada, through violent activities.
James Cross, British commercial envoy in Quebec.
Pierre LaPorte, Labor Minister of Quebec province.
FLQ members who are not arrested break off into
smaller splinter groups, each with varying
Feb 1963 - 19 Jun 1963
(imprisoned) (b. 1930)
1963 - 1964
Robert Hudon + Jean Gagnon
1965 - 1971
(b. 1939 - d. 2005)
ideology supported by some French speakers.
al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group, IG)
with primary goal is to overthrow the Egyptian
government and replace it with an Islamic state, but
group leaders also may be interested in attacking U.S.
Murders Egypt's speaker of parliament.
Attacks on Egyptian tourist sites begun.
of Farag Foda.
attempted to assassinate Egyptian Information Minister
Safw in Cairo, firing shots at his motorcade. The
slightly injured and his bodyguard was seriously
persons were killed and two were wounded when an
fired on a downtown tourist area in Hurghada. Two
and one German were killed in the attack.
in June 1995 to assassinate Egyptian President
Mubarak in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
bomb detonated outside the local police headquarters
in Rijeka, killing the driver and injuring 29
that the attacks would continue unless authorities
imprisoned Gama'at militant, Tala'at Fuad Kassem, who
arrested in Sep 1995.
bomb attack on Egyptian embassy in Islamabad,
Pakistan; 16 die.
Hotel shooting, Cairo. 18 Greek tourists killed.
on the Cairo National Antiquities Museum.
for attack at Luxor that killed 58 foreign tourists
the "Hatshesut Temple massacre."
5 Aug 2006
Deputy leader of al-Qaeda Ayman al-Zawahiri
announced a new
alliance with Al Gama'a
al-Islamiyya, in a video released
the internett. This was disputed
by former members.
1991 - 2003
2006 - 31 Oct 2008
Mohammad Hasan Khalil al-Hakim (b.
c.1961 - 2008)
"Abu Jihad al-Masri"
network outside Egypt, in Sudan, the United Kingdom,
Afghanistan, Austria, and Yemen.
At its peak, IG probably commanded several thousand
hard-core members and another several thousand
(Islamic Resistance Movement)
Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya (Hamas)("Islamic
Movement"). Formed as an outgrowth of the Palestinian
of the Muslim Brotherhood. Aimed at establishing an
Palestinian state in place of Israel.
Israel outlaws Hamas and imprisons Sheikh Ahmed
first use of suicide bombing.
suicide bomber blew up a bus in Jerusalem, killing 26
and injuring some 80 others.
authorities closed the group's Political Bureau
in Amman, arrested its leaders, and prohibited the
operating on Jordanian territory.
Palestinian suicide bomber detonated an explosives
belt amid a
crowd of youngsters outside a beach front
Dolphinarium, on a Friday night, killing at least 20
more than 120. The blast occurred shortly after 11:00
on Tel-Aviv's Promenade.
suicide bombing at a pizza restaurant in the center of
killed 15 people -mostly young families and tourists-
more than 90. Six children were among the dead. At
a blast devastated a crowded Sbarro Pizzeria at the
King George and Jaffa streets.
Israelis were killed and around 150 were wounded, when
bomber detonated an explosive device in the dining
room of the
Park Hotel in Netanya.
suicide bomber detonated a powerful bomb in a crowded
hall in Israel, killing at least 16 and wounding more
The attack took place at the "Sheffield Club" pool
hall, on the
third floor of a building in Rishon LeZion, South of
Palestinian suicide bomber blew himself up on a bus
schoolchildren and office workers near the busy Patt
in southern Jerusalem, killing 20 people and wounding
least 9 people were killed and seventy wounded in a
at Hebrew University's Mount Scopus campus.
least 10 people were killed, and more than 40 wounded
suicide bombing on a commuter bus in Meron Junction in
Israelis; four IDF soldiers, five Border Policemen and
civilians, members of the emergency response squad of
Arba, were killed and 15 were injured in a Palestinian
ambush in Hebron.
suicide bomber struck a municipal bus in Jerusalem,
least ten people and injuring nearly 50. The bombing
the number 20 Jerusalem bus as it passed through a
residential neighborhood at the height of morning rush
assassinates Sheik Ahmed Yasin in Gaza City, in Gaza
assassinates Rantissi in car explosion.
Palestinian parliamentary elections, Hamas wins 74 of
seats and Fatah 45. Turnout is 78.2%.
Haniya (b. 1962) of Hamas is sworn in as Prime
of the Palestinian government.
1987 - 21 Mar
1936 - d. 2004)
(imprisoned 1989 - Oct 1997)
1987 - 17 Apr
1947 - d. 2004)
18 Apr 2004
Political leader/leader of Syrian branch
Leader in Gaza Strip
22 Mar 2004 - 17 Apr 2004 Abdel Aziz
(b. 1947 - d. 2004)
Gaza Strip, and West Bank
number of hard-core members; tens of thousands of
supporters and sympathizers.
ul- Ansar (HUA)
ul-Ansar (HUA) founded to oppose Indian troops in
U.S. nationals kidnapped in New Delhi in effort to
release of imprisoned HUA leader Maulana Masood Azhar.
Oct 1993 -
Maulana Masood Azhar
thousand armed supporters
ul-Mujahidin (HUM)(formerly known as the Harakat
militant islamic group formed to unite Kashmir with
to the kindaping of five Western tourists in Kashmir
who were later killed in Dec 1995.
fatwa calling for attacks on U.S. and Western
45% of HUM defects to join Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM).
India Airlines Airbus was hijacked enroute from
Nepal to India. After making stops in India, Pakistan
United Arab Emirates, the plane was forced to land at
in Afghanistan. 27 hostages, mostly women and children
released when the plane made a re-fueling stop in the
Arab Emirates. 1 passenger was stabbed to death by the
After 8 days of negotiations, the Indian government
free three Kashmiri militants in exchange for the
release of the
remaining 154 hostages. One of those released was
Azhar, a senior member of the HUM.
1993 - Feb 2000
Fazlur Rehman Khalil
thousand armed supporters.
of God) (Hizballah, Islamic
Organization of the Oppressed on Earth,
and Islamic Jihad
for the Liberation of Palestine)
Hezbollah ("Party of God")(Hizballah, a.k.a. Islamic
Revolutionary Justice Organization, Organization of
Oppressed on Earth, and Islamic Jihad for the
Palestine). Radical Shia organization founded in
Lebanon to increase its political power in Lebanon,
Israel and the Middle East peace negotiations.
around 30 Westerners between 1982 and 1992,
American journalist Terry Anderson, British journalist
McCarthy, the Archbishop of Canterbury's special
Terry Waite and Irish citizen Brian Keenan.
bombing of the American Embassy in Beirut, killed
61 people and left more than 120 wounded.
bombing of the U.S. Marines headquarters in Beirut,
39 and wounded 40 people. On the same day a suicide
the French army barracks in Beirut kills 74 and
wounded about 15.
bombing of replacement U.S. Embassy in East Beirut.
Hijacking of TWA Flight 847 en route from Athens to
secretary-general killed by a
rocket attack launched by an Israel.
embassy in Buenos Aires was car-bombed, 29 killed.
car bomb exploded at the Israeli-Argentine Mutual
(AMIA), killing 100 persons and wounding more than 200
The explosion caused the seven-story building to
Panamanian flight was bombed in the Alas Chiricanas
leaving 21 people dead, including 12 Jews.
bomb exploded outside the Israeli embassy in London.
Lebanese construction workers were killed in the
a roadside bomb. Two others were wounded. The men were
civilians engaged in construction work at an South
(SLA) outpost near Marjayoun. The attack reportedly
shortly after a visit by Israeli Defense Minister
Mordechai to SLA headquarters in nearby
7 Oct 2000
3 Israeli soldiers – Adi Avitan, Staff Sgt.
Benyamin Avraham, and
Staff Sgt. Omar Sawaidwere
– were abducted by
patrolling the Israeli side
of the Israeli-Lebanese
The soldiers were killed
either during the attack
or in its
Israelis were killed when two Hezbollah
terrorists opened fire
from ambush on Israeli vehicles traveling between
Kibbutz Metzuba near the northern border with Lebanon.
12 Jul 2006 - 8 Sep 2006 Hezbollah
Israel, in response Israel attacks
and invades Lebanon in pursuit of Hezbollah
militants. In the
fighting 1,200 Lebanese and
158 Israelis were
12 Feb 2008
Hezbollah leader Imad Mughnieh
was killed by a car bomb in
7-21 May 2008
Lebanon's 17-month long political crisis
spiraled out of control.
Hezbollah-led opposition fighters
seized control of several West
Beirut neighborhoods from
Future Movement militiamen
government, in street battles
that left 11
dead and 30 wounded before
the government backed
Hezbollah was granted veto
power in Lebanon's
1982 - 4 Jul 2010
Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Hussein (b. 1935
- d. 2010)
Sheikh Subhi al-Tufayli
1991 - 16 Feb
c.1952 - d. 1992)
Has established cells in Europe, Africa, South
North America, and Asia.
thousand supporters and a few hundred terrorist
(Irgun Zvai Leumi, National Military Organization,
Zvai Leumi (National Military Organization) a
Zionist group that operated in the British Mandate of
Arab workers in a banana plantation killed.
Arabs killed in several shooting attacks in Jerusalem.
Arabs and 2 British policemen killed by a bomb in
train in Haifa.
Arab policeman was killed in an attack on a bus in
Arabs killed by a bomb in Jaffa.
Arabs killed in several shooting attacks in Tel-Aviv
3 Arabs killed by a bomb detonated in a bus in
Arabs and 5 Jews killed by two simultaneous bombs in
Arab Melon market in Haifa.
Arabs killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Jerusalem.
Arabs killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Haifa.
Arabs killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Jaffa.
Arabs killed in multiple attacks, incl. 24 by bomb in
in Suk Quarter of Haifa and 4 by bomb in Arab
Arabs killed by a mine detonated at the Rex cinema in
the same day, 5 Arabs were shot and killed during a
the village of Biyar 'Adas.
Arabs killed by a bomb at the Jaffa Gate in
Arabs killed in several attacks in Jerusalem.
Arabs killed by explosives mounted on a donkey at
marketplace in Haifa.
Arabs killed in multiple shootings during one hour
Arab killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Haifa, 6
killed in several attacks in Tel-Aviv, and 3 Arabs
British officers killed by a mine in Jerusalem.
declared a truce against the British, and supported
efforts against Nazi forces and their allies in the
enlisting its members in British forces and the Jewish
Oct 1945 - Jul 1946 Irgun
was in an alliance
with the Haganah and Lehi called the
Jewish Resistance Movement, organized to fight
restrictions on Jewish immigration to Palestine.
David Hotel bombing against the British government
Palestine. Bomb exploded at the King David Hotel in
which had been the base for the British Secretariat,
command and a branch of the Criminal Investigation
(police). 91 people killed (most of them civilians: 28
41 Arab, 17 Jewish, and 5 others). Around 45 people
Jul 1946 - Jun 1948 Irgun
fought as irregulars
against the British mandate and Arab
forces, informally in coordination with Haganah
single operation was a successful assault on Jaffa.
(b. 1903 - d. 1990)
1913 - d. 1992)
Republican Army (IRA) (Provisional Irish
Republican Army [PIRA], the
Republican Army (IRA)(a.k.a. Provisional Irish
Army [PIRA], the Provos) formed as the clandestine
of Sinn Fein, a legal political movement. Begins
remove British forces from Northern Ireland and unify
suitcase bomb on bus kills 11 ad wounds 14 in
bomb kills one and injuers 36 at the armory of the
McWhirter, editor of Guinnes Book of Records, shot
by IRA in London after he establishes a terrorist
IRA kills British Ambassador Richard Skyes in
for the assassination of Louis Mountbatten, Earl
Mountbatten of Burma, last Viceroy of
Norman Srange, former Stormont Speaker, and son
killed by IRA in South Armagh.
bomb planted in Grand Hotel, Brighton, where Prime
Margaret Thatcher and cabinet are staying for Tory
kills 5 and injures 32.
bomb in U.K. base at Rheindalen, West Germany injures
mortar attack on British cabinet at 10 Downing Street.
Sep 1994 - Feb
Jul 1997 - 28 Jul 2005
IRA Army Council announced an end to its armed
Chiefs of Staff of the (anti-Treaty) Irish
26 Mar 1922 - 10 Apr 1923 Liam
(b. 1893 - d. 1923)
20 Apr 1923 - 12 Nov 1925 Frank
(b. 1898 - d. 1983)
12 Nov 1925 - Jul 1926 Andy
1926 - Jun
1897 - d. 1978)
(acting to 1927)
Jun 1936 -
(b. 1904 - d. 1988)
(b. 1897 - d. 1980)
(b. 1893 - d. ....)
1938 - 14 Aug
(b. 1893 - d. 1940)
1940? - 30 Jun
1941 - 27 Nov
Pearse Kelly (Paul Kelso)
af.Nov 1941 - Feb 1942 Seán
Feb 1942 - 14 Aug 1942 Seán
1942 - 12 Oct
(b. 1917 - d. 1972)
Oct 1942 - 16 Jun 1944
(b. 1918 - d. 1944)
Mar? 1945 -
Nov 1948 - 6 Jul 1957
Jul 1957 - Sep
Cronin (1st time)
(acting to 11 Nov 1957)
1958 - Sep
(b. 1922 - d. 1988)
24 Oct 1958 - May/Jun 1958 Ruairí Ó Brádaigh
(1st time) (b.
May/Jun 1959 - Jun 1960 Seán
Ó Brádaigh (2nd
(b. 1922 - d. 1998)
Chiefs of Staff of the Provisional Irish
Dec 1969 - 19 Nov 1972 Seán
Stiofáin "Mac the Knife" (b. 1928 - d. 2001)
Nov 1972 - Mar
(b. 1920 - d. 2004)
Mar 1973 - Jun
(b. 1919 - d. 1989)
Jun 1973 - Jun/Jul 1974 Éamonn
(b. 1939 - d. 1999)
Jun/Jul 1974 - Dec 1977 Seamus
3 Dec 1977 - 18 Feb 1978 Gerry
1982 - Sep
Sep 1983 - Oct
Chiefs of Staff of the Official Irish Republican
Dec 1969 -
Ireland, Irish Republic, Great Britain, Europe.
hundred members, plus several thousand sympathizers.
Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU)
Adolet ("Justice") Movement created to oppose the
of Islom Karimov and to make Uzbekistan an Islamic
Renamed Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan.
six bombs in Tashkent, Uzbekistan killing 16.
4 Japanese men hostage until a ransom of several
Abdouhalilovitch Yuldeshev (b.
+ Juma Ahmadzhanovitch
Khojayev (b. 1969 - d.
"Juma Namangni" (to Nov 2001)
Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan
Ansar al-Sunna (Army of the Protectors of the
Ansar al-Sunna (Army of the Protectors of the Sunna)
formed with claim to seek to expel U.S.-led occupation
from Iraq and to subsequently establish an Islamic
bomb outside the Turkish embassy in Baghdad which
bomb attack on the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
in Kirkuk which killed six.
against two vehicles, killing 7 Spanish Intelligence
officers. The militants directly credit the Hamzah
Squadron of the al-Mansurah brigade, and say they
automatic weapons and a video camera from the
of the al-Taqafah police center in Mosul, killing
the Rahimawa police station in Kirkuk, killing 13.
to have killed 8 Intelligence officers from Britain
Canada, though neither country recognizes this claim
Al-Sunna then later showed their office ID badges.
a videotape of the killing of a CIA agent
a videotape of the killing of a second CIA agent
a videotape of the killing of 12 hostages from Nepal
had come to work for contractors in Iraq after the
war; one was
beheaded, the remaining eleven were shot in the back
of the head.
a videotape of the killing of an Iraqi named Barie
Daoud Ibrahim, accused of collaboration with the
a videotape of the killing of an Iraqi named Seif
Kanaan, accused of collaboration with the enemy.
a videotape of the killing of a captured Iraqi
Yassar Musil, accused of collaboration with the enemy.
a videotape of the killing of 11 captured members of
Iraqi National Guard; one was beheaded, the remaining
were shot in the back of the head.
a videotape of the killing of a captured officer of
new Iraqi Army working in tandem with US Army, Hussein
Shunun had been captured by the group in Mosul a days
the kidnapping of a Japanese man, Akihiko Saito, who
working for British Security Contractor Hart
to have killed eight US Marines in a shoot-out in
though the U.S. claims the number is only six.
Abdullah al-Hassan bin Mahmoud
(Jaishi-i-Muhammed, Army of Mohammed)
Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM)(Army of Mohammed), aim to unite
with Pakistan. Most of the JEM's cadre and
resources have been drawn from the militant groups
ul-Jihad al-Islami (HUJI) and the Harakat ul-Mujahidin
23 Jan 2002 - 21 Feb 2002 Holds Daniel Pearl,
Journal Asia Bureau Chief, hostage
before executing him.
attack on office of Chief minister in Srinagar.
Bombings in Qamarwari and Srinagar kill 21.
13 Dec 2001
Parliament attack by Lashkar-e-Taiba and
against the building
housing the Parliament of
India in New
Delhi. The attack led to
the death of 5 terrorists,
and 1 civilian.
(under arrest 1994 - Dec
hundred armed supporters.
ul-Fuqra founded to purify Islam through violence.
1980 - 1990
members have been either convicted or suspected in 13
assassinations and 17 fire
bombings across the United States.
Mubarak Ali Shah Gilani
America, Caribbean, Pakistan.
Red Army (JRA) (Anti-Imperialist International
Brigade (AIIB), Nippon
Sekigun, Holy War Brigade, and the Anti-War Democratic
Red Army (JRA) breaks away from the Japanese
Communist League-Red Army, founded to overthrow the
government and monarchy and to help foment world
hijacked a domestic Japan Airlines Boeing 727 carrying
people at Tokyo International Airport. Eight Red Army
wielded katanas and carried a bomb during Japan's most
hijacking. The plane was forced to fly to Fukuoka and
Airport in Seoul, where all the passengers were freed.
flew to North Korea, where the Red Army members
plane and the crew members were released.
for massacre at Lod Airport Tel Aviv, Israel; 26
Army members led PFLP guerrillas in hijacking a Japan
(JAL) plane over the Netherlands. The passengers and
released in Libya, where hijackers blew up the
incident: Red Army attacked a Shell facility in
and took five hostages; simultaneously, the PFLP
Japanese embassy in Kuwait. The hostages were
exchanged for a
ransom and safe passage to South Yemen in a JAL plane.
seize 11 hostages at French Embassy in The Hague. They
secure the release of Yukata Furuya from French
Red Army took more than 50 hostages at the AIA
several embassies in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The
included the US consul and the Swedish charge
Red Army hijacked Japan Airlines Flight 472 over India
forced it to land in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The Japanese
freed six imprisoned members of the group and
allegedly paid a
suspected lone member of the army hijacked Malaysia
Flight 653. The flight was carrying the Cuban
ambassador to Tokyo
Mario Garcia. The Boeing 737 then crashed killing all
after he shot both pilots and himself.
of a USO club in Naples, Italy a suspected JRA
that killed five.
operative Yu Kikumura was arrested with explosives on
Jersey Turnpike, apparently planning an attack to
the bombing in Naples.
her trial hearing Shigenobu stated that she was
the Japanese Red Army.
c.1970 - Nov
Nov 1987 - Apr
(arrested Nov 2000)
possibly traveling in Asia or Syrian controlled areas
eight hard-core members; undetermined number of
Islamiyah (Jemaah Islamiah, Islamic Group,
Jemaah Islamiyah (Islamic Group or Islamic Community)
to establish and Islamic state encompassing Indonesia,
Philippines, and Malaysia.
assassination of Philippine ambassador to Indonesia,
bomb explosion tore through a packed parking deck
the Jakarta Stock Exchange building- killing 15
and injuring 20.
took part in a major coordinated terror strike, the
Eve bombings- 18 are killed.
car bombing of Bali, Indonesia nightclub- killed
mainly Australian tourists.
of two bombs in the main shopping district of
mostly Christian city of Zamboanga, Philippines,
and wounding about 150.
attack on the Marriott Hotel in Jakarta, Indonesia-
embassy bombing in Jakarta, Indonesia- several killed.
(Abubakar Ba'asyir, Abdus Somad)
1969 - Nov
(b. 1937 – d. 1999)
(11 Aug 2003, imprisoned by Indonesia)
Kahana LaKneset "Kach" ("Kahane to the Knesset")
radical Israeli-American Rabbi Meir Kahane. Its
goal was to restore the biblical state of Israel.
Machteret, a terrorist group with links to Kach,
several attacks, including attempts to kill
Kahane assassinated in the U.S.
Chai ("Kahane Lives") was founded by Meir
son Binyamin Kahane following his father's
They threatened to attack Arabs, Palestinians, and
Claimed responsibility for several shooting attacks on
Palestinians in which four persons were killed and two
Goldstein opened fire on Palestinian worshippers
the Ibrahimi Mosque in Hebron, killing 29.
organizations were declared to be terrorist
organizations by Israel.
Kahane and his wife are murdered in a random
Kach Movement existed. It maintained websites posting
Kahanist political commentary and held meetings
1972 - 5 Nov
Rabbi Meir David
1932 - d. 1990)
Nov 1990 - 31 Dec 2001
(b. 1961 - d. 2000)
and West Bank settlements like Qiryat Araba.
Membership of the two groups overlap.
Khalistan Liberation Force (KLF) violent Sikh
ambassador to Romania was wounded in a drive-by
assassination attempt in Bucharest by KLF.
198. - 21 May
Shaheed Avtar Singh
1951 - d. 1988)
1988 - 31 Jul
Shaheed Bhai Gurjant Singh Budhsinghwal (b. 1964 - d.
Kuldip Singh Keepa Shekhupura (d. 199.)
199. - 25 Feb
Shaheed Navneet Singh
(b. 1970 - d. 1994)
Khmer Rouge (The
Party of Democratic Kampuchea "Khmer Rouge" founded,
begins communist insurgency aimed at overthrowing the
13 May 1976 - 7 Jan 1979 In control of
government, conducted a campaign of
genocide, killing an estimated 1.7 million.
Rouge government ended by Vietnamese invasion.
a treaty calling for elections and disarmament. But in
1992 the Khmer Rouge resumed fighting and the
they rejected the results of the elections.
Mass defection when around half the remaining soldiers
due to factional fighting.
against Cambodian government ends, remnants
are captured or surrender.
Secretaries-general of the Kampuchean Communist
Feb 1963 - 15 Apr 1998 Pol
1925 - d. 1998)
15 Apr 1998 - 6 Mar 1999 Ta Mok (Chhit
(b. 1926 - d. 2006)
than 500, possibly no more than 100.
Liberation Army (KLA) (Ushtria Clirimtare e
Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës (UÇK)(Kosovo Liberation
a militant Albanian separatist group is formed in
Begins carrying out small arms and sabotage attacks on
13 Democratic League of Kosovo representatives for 48
detonation at Cafe Galarija in Pristina, 7 are
into Kosovo Protection Force.
Feb 1999 - Apr
Apr 1999 - Jun
province of Serbia
hundred to several thousand.
Kurdish-Hezbollah or Turkish-Hezbollah, a Kurdish
extremist organization that arose in response to
Workers Party (PKK) atrocities against Muslims in
Turkey, where Kurdish-Hezbollah seeks to establish an
70 bodies of Turkish and Kurdish businessmen and
journalists found that Kurdish-Hezbollah had tortured
security forces kill Huseyin Velioglu, the leader of
assassinated the Diyarbakir police chief.
1980's - Jan
19.. - d. 2000)
-  p; ....
Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria.
to 20,000 members.
Workers' Party (PKK) (Partiya Karkeren
Kurdistan, Kadek, Kongra-Gel)
Former PKK Flag
Workers' Party (PKK) established to form an
Kurdish state in southeastern Turkey, where the
is predominantly Kurdish and improve rights for Kurds
government expelled PKK leader and known elements of
group from its territory.
declares its disarmament, drops use of word
the Kurdish Freedom and Democracy Congress (Kadek),
purportedly renounces terrorism.
1978 - 1999
(Turkish prisoner from 15 Feb 1999)
Europe, Syria, and the Middle East.
to 5,000, with thousands of sympathizers in Turkey and
(Army of the Righteous, Lashkar-e-Toiba)
Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LT) (Army of the Righteous) formed
Kashmir with Pakistan as the armed wing of the
religious organization, Markaz-ud-Dawa-wal-Irshad
(MDI) — a
Sunni anti-U.S. missionary organization. One of the
largest and best trained groups fighting in Kashmir
India, it is not connected to a political party. The
conducted a number of operations against Indian troops
civilian targets in Kashmir since 1993.
of attacks that kill nearly 100.
heavily armed group of Muslim militants attempted to
Srinagar airport, triggering a fierce gun-battle that
with 10 people dead and 8 wounded.
13 Dec 2001
Parliament attack by Lashkar-e-Taiba and
against the building housing the
Parliament of India in New
Delhi. The attack led to
the death of 5 terrorists,
and 1 civilian.
Islamic militants burst into a mainly Hindu slum
Jammu, Kashmir, India on a Saturday night opening fire
local residents, killing at least 27 people. Nearly 30
militants raided the Hindu Raghunath Temple complex
Indian-controlled Kashmir, killing 11 people before
shot dead by security forces. At least 50 people were
in the attack.
11 Jul 2006
train bombings a series of seven bomb blasts that took
over a period of 11 minutes
on the Suburban Railway
(Bombay), 209 people lost
their lives and over
700 were injured.
26-29 Nov 2008
Mumbai attacks take place.
Eight of the attacks occurred in South
Mumbai: at Chhatrapati
Shivaji Terminus, the Oberoi
the Taj Mahal Palace &
Tower, Leopold Cafe,
the Orthodox Jewish-owned
Nariman House, the Metro
and a lane behind the Times
of India building.
There was also an
explosion at the Mazagaon
docks, in Mumbai's port
area, and in a
taxi at Vile Parle. 173
people are killed and
at least 308 are
(under arrest 21 Dec
2001 - 31 Mar 2002,
from 9 Aug - 17 Oct
thousand armed supporters.
Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) (Tamil Tigers)
Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) established to create
- 27 Nov 1990
27 Nov 1990 - 19 May 2009
an independent Tamil state.
soldiers killed in LTTE ambush in Jaffna, sparking
riots leading to the deaths of an estimated several
Tamils. Conflict develops in north of island between
onboard an Air Lanka Flight, killing 20.
ambush 3 buses and 2 trucks near Trincomalee, killed
2 Mar 1991
Suicide bomb kills Sri Lanka Defense Minister
suicide bomber Thenmuli Rajaratnam assassinated
former Indian prime minister Rajiv Gandhi while the
campaigning for a parliamentary candidate in Tamil Nadu,
killing an additional 13 bystanders.
the President of Sri Lanka, Ranasinghe Premadasa
while he was attending the annual May Day rally.
attack by the LTTE on the Colombo Central Bank killed 90
injured a further 1,400 people, damaging other buildings
bomb exploded at the Colombo World Trade Center, killing
13 and injuring hundreds.
likely members of the Black Tiger squad drove an
explosives-laden truck into the Sri Dalada Maligawa (or
of the Tooth"), a major Buddhist shrine, killing 7 and
LTTE bombs exploded aboard a bus in Maradana, killing 32
and injuring 252 passersby.
member of the Black Tiger squad jumped in front of a
carrying Sri Lankan Brigadier Larry Wijeratne and
explosives, killing the general and two guards.
suicide bomber killed Sri Lankan MP Neelan
a Tamil, along with 2 others and 6 bystanders were
female LTTE suicide bomber exploded herself at a rally
Colombo in an apparent assassination attempt on Sri
President Chandrika Kumaratunga, who was
injured in the blast.
people were killed and three injured.
LTTE bomber killed 23 and injured 70 at a Buddhist
temple in Batticaloa during celebrations of the Vesak
LTTE suicide bomber killed Sri Lankan Industrial
Development Minister C.V. Goonaratne during a
Colombo. A further 20 were killed and 60
bomb killed parliamentary candidate Mohammed Baithullah
and more than twenty others in Muttur. At least 49
injured. Baithullah had previously served as an
officer in the Sri Lankan police.
suicide squad attacked Bandaranaike International
In three waves, a highly trained and heavily armed
penetrated the 800-acre high security complex and
damaged 26 commercial and military aircraft.
Cease-fire agreement with the Sri
Sri Lankan Foreign minister Lakshman
Kadirgamar is shot
by an unidentified sniper in Colombo at his
LTTE denies responsibility.
1 Jan 2008
of a member of parliament from the opposition United
National Party (UNP), T.
8 Jan 2008
of Sri Lankan Nation-Building Minister D.M.
6 Apr 2008
of Sri Lankan Highway Minister Jeyaraj Fernandopulle.
17 May 2009
unconditional surrender to Sri Lankan government.
18 May 2009
LTTE leader Velupillai
Prabhakaran, his elder son Charles Anthony,
LTTE intelligence chief Pottu
Amman and Soosai,
the head of the
LTTE naval wing are killed by
the Sri Lankan army.
21 May 2009
of Sri Lanka announces a formal end of the war with
5 May 1976 - 18 May 2009 Velupillai
(b. 1954 - d. 2009)
Jul? 2009 -
(Sri Lankan prisioner from
5 Aug 2009)
Lanka, mainly in Jaffna peninsular.
to 10,000 armed combatants in Sri Lanka, with a core
trained fighters of approximately 3,000 to 6,000.
Resistance Army (LRA)
United Holy Slavation Army begins warfare against
The insurgency has been mainly contained to the region
as Acholiland, consisting of the districts of Kitgum,
and Pader, though since 2002 violence has overflowed
Renamed Lord's Resistance Army (LRA).
1994 - Dec 2001
Supported by the government of The Sudan.
4 Aug 2006
Cease-fire announced by LRA.
26 Aug 2006
Ugandan government and LRA signed a
truce. Under the terms of
the agreement, LRA forces
are to leave Uganda
and gather in 2
assembly areas protected
by the government of
the Ugandan government
agreed not to attack those
19 Feb 2008
Government and LRA sign interim peace
500 - 1,000, possibly up to 3,000
formed as a faction of the mainstream loyalist Ulster
Volunteer Force (UVF), to prevent a political
Irish nationalists in Northern Ireland by attacking
politicians, civilians, and Protestant politicians who
endorse the Northern Ireland peace process.
an 18 year-old Catholic school girl because she had
15 May 1998 - 30 Oct 2005 Observed
announced an end to the use of violence.
Jul 1996 - 27 Dec 1997 Billy
1960 - d. 1997)
(imprisoned from Mar 1997)
Dec 1997 -
19.. - d. 2002)
2002 - 30 Oct
Rodriguez Patriotic Front (FPMR)
Frente Patriótico Manuel Rodríguez
(Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic
Front)(FPMR) founded to carry out missions as armed
of Chilean Communist Party.
attacked Pinochet's car in an assassination attempt.
of Pinochet's body guards were killed.
organization splintered into two factions, with
one faction becoming a political party in 1991. The
wing the FPMR/D continues terrorist activities.
of Independent Democrat Union senator Jaime Guzmán.
Bombed two McDonald's restaurants.
successful escape from prison, using a helicopter, for
several of its members.
it was leaving the armed struggle and to become a
legal political organization.
1983 - 30 Apr
Sergio Galvarino Apablaza
(National Liberation Army of Iran, People's
National Liberation Arny of Iran
Mojahedin-e-Khalq (MEK) formed against the Shah's
regime (The National Liberation Army of Iran (NLA)
wing of the MEK], the People's Mujahedin of Iran
National Council of Resistance (NCR), Muslim Iranian
Student's Society [front organization used to garner
support]). The MEK continues to conduct a worldwide
against the Iranian government, which stresses
occasionally uses terrorist violence.
terrorist attacks inside Iran and killed several U.S.
military personnel and civilians working on defense
projects in Tehran.
25 May 1972
of the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI),
Mohammad Hanifnejad, Saeed
Mohsen and Ali Asghar
along with two members of
the PMOI leadership,
Askarizadeh and Rasoul
Meshkinfam, were put before
and were executed.
Expelled from Iran after the Islamic Revolution.
leaders were forced by Iranian security forces to flee
28 Jun 1981
detonated at the headquarters of the Islamic Republic
About 70 high-ranking
officials, including Chief
Mohammad Beheshti, cabinet
members, and elected
parliament, were killed.
of Iran formed in Paris exile, in opposition
to the Islamic Republic of Iran.
30 Aug 1981
A bomb detonated killing the
popularly elected President Mohammad
Ali Raja´i and Premier Mohammad
Javad Bahonar. An active member
of the Mujahedin, Massoud
Kashmiri, was identified
PMOI headquarters moved to Iraq.
26-29 Jul 1988
National Liberation Army of Iran (NLA) advanced
under heavy Iraqi
air cover, crossing the
Iranian border from Iraq.
It seized and
razed to the ground the
Iranian town of Islamabad-e
Conducts attacks on Iranian embassies in 13 different
Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), the Iranian
Resistance's parliament, elects Maryam Rajavi (f) as
future president for the transitional period following
Asadollah Lajevardi, former director of Evin Prison.
Brigadier General Ali Sayyad Shirazi, the deputy joint
chief of staff of Iran's armed forces.
mortar attack on Iran's Presidential Palace was
carried out by
the Mujahedin-e Khalq (MKO), based in neighboring
According to the official IRNA news agency, the
took place at 19:30 on a Saturday evening killed one
a 34 year-old worker in a printshop--and injured five.
Mohammad Khatami was in his office at the time but was
in the attack.
After U.S. forces in Iraq bomb
camps as part of a quid pro quo with
Tehran. PMOI entered into a ceasefire agreement with
coalition, and voluntarily handed over its weaponry.
1 Jan 2009
military transferred control of Camp Ashraf to the
government. On the same
day, Prime Minister Nuri
announced that the
militant group would not be
allowed to base
its operations from Iraq.
6 Sep 1965 - 25 May 1972 Mohammad
+ Saeed Mohsen
+ Ali-Asghar Badizadegan
Chairman of the National Council of the
Jul 1981 - 2003?
(from 2003, disappeared and is presumed either
dead or in hiding)
Presidents-Elect of the Iranian Resistance
Jul 1981 - Aug
(18 Jun - 3 Jul 2003 imprisoned in France)
thousand fighters based in Iraq with an extensive
overseas support structure. Most of the fighters are
organized in the MEK's National Liberation Army (NLA).
Patriotic Front (FPM)
Frente Patriótico Morazanista formed
to protest U.S. intervention
Claimed credit for bombing of Peace Corps office.
Bus bombing wounded three servicemen, attacked a U.S.
Bus bombing wounded seven U.S. servicemen.
-  p; ....
probably relatively small.
Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)
MNLF" officially declared to be a separate
with the name Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF).
signed an agreement relinquishing its goal of
and accepting Philippine government's offer of
Muslim regions; rejected by MILF.
of six bombings in Manila kills 22, injures 45.
City Airport bombed- 24 killed, 100 injured.
City Airport bombed again- 16 killed, 55 injured.
in Koronadal City, Maguindano- kills 9 injures 43.
government troops in Maguindano- 23 killed.
26 Dec 1977
Philippines (Palawan, Basilan, Sulu archipelago),
and Southeast Asia
Liberation Front of Corsica (FLNC)
FLNC -Fronte di Liberazione Naziunale di a Corsica
Libération Nationale de la Corse) founded by merger of
two other Corsican terrorist organizations: Ghjustizia
and the Fronte Paesanu Corsu di Liberazione. Aimed
Self-determination for Corsica through independence.
into into the "canal historique" (historic channel)
"canal habituel" (usual channel), followed by a whole
new splits and the creation of a number of other
organizations: Resistenza, Fronte Ribellu, Front
Révolutionnaire Corse, etc. Some of these groups only
a few years.
habituel decided to end activities.
in the assassination of prefect Claude Erignac.
FLNC-canal historique merged with some of the other
organizations, adopting the name FLNC again.
-  p; ....
Liberation Army -Colombia (ELN)
Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN)(National
formed as a Marxist insurgent group formed by urban
inspired by Fidel Castro and Che Gueva. Aim replacing
current government with a Marxist regime in Colombia.
a campaign of mass each of which involved at least one
Misael Vacca Ramírez, the Catholic Bishop of Yopal,
Rodríguez Bautista "Gabino"
+ Gregorio Manuel Pérez
1943 - d. 1998)
"el Cura Pérez"
(to 14 Feb 1998)
(in rural and mountainous regions).
3,000 to 6,000 armed combatants.
People's Army (NPA)
People's Army (NPA) formed as the military wing of
Communist Party of the Philippines, to overthrow the
of the Philippines through protracted guerrilla
Claims responsibility for the assassination of U.S.
Colonel Nick Rowe.
29 Mar 1969
Maria Sison "Armando Liwanag" (b. 1939)
(from 1986 in exile)
(Manila, rural Luzon, Visayas, and part of Mindanao)
Order (or The Order of the Silent Brotherhood),
American neo-Nazi organization. Self-described white
nationalist and revolutionary group, founded to
the United States government which it called "Zionist
Government (ZOG)." The group was partly modeled on,
named for, a fictional group in the neo-Nazi novel
Diaries." The Order's goals included the
establishment of an
all white (and non-Jewish) homeland, presumably
extermination of non-white and Jewish people as
in that book. Group founded in Metaline Falls,
by Robert J. Mathews.
down controversial liberal Jewish KOA 850 AM talk
host Alan Berg at his home in Denver, Colorado.
a dozen men to rob a Brinks' truck of $3,800,000.
refused surrender after an intense exchange of
The FBI then fired several M-79 Starburst flares
house, burning it to the ground and killing Mathews.
Sep 1983 - 8 Dec 1984
1953 – d. 1984)
de l'Armée Secrète (OAS) (Secret Army
de l'Armée Secrète (OAS)(Secret Army Organization)
French right-wing terrorist group formed to resist the
of independence to the French colony of Algeria formed
French "stay behinds", former French Army officers,
Legion members from Indochina War, Colons, local Pieds
OAS attempted to assassinate French President Charles
several times. The most prominent attempt was a 1962
Petit-Clamart, a Paris suburb, planned by military
Feraoun (b. 1913 - d. 1962), an Algerian writer born
Tizi Hibel, Kabylie assassinated by the OAS.
100 bombs a day were detonated by the OAS.
of the OAS Louis Salan captured.
agreed to the ceasefire.
responsible for the death of Enrico Mattei, head
of the Italian oil company, Agip and supporter
Group is effectively eliminated.
Jan 1961 - Apr
1899 - d. 1984)
several thousand members
Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ)-Shaqaqi Faction
Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) (Harakat al-Jihad
al-Filastini) originates among militant Palestinians
Gaza Strip. Aims to create an Islamic Palestinian
to destroy Israel through holy war. Also opposes
Arab governments that it believes have been "tainted"
bombing of a restaurant in mall at Old Bus Station
in Tel Aviv killing 9 and 49 are wounded 49 more.
1979/80 - Oct
Fathi Abd al-Aziz
(b. 1951 - d. 1995)
Abdullah Ramadan Shallah (b. 1958)
Gaza Strip, West Bank, Jordan, Lebanon, Iran, and
Liberation Front (PLF)-Abu Abbas Faction
1961 - Dec
Original Palestinian Liberation Front was founded by
but in Dec 1967 it merged with the Heroes of the
and The Youth of Revenge group (the military wing of
Nationalist Movement -ANM) to form the Popular Front
Liberation of Palestine (PFLP).
from the PFLP-GC, goal: creation of a Palestinian
its initial break with the PFLP-GC, split again into
pro-Syrian, and pro-Libyan factions. Each faction
carry the original name and each claimed to represent
Abu Abbas-led faction responsible for attack on the
ship Achille Lauro and the murder of U.S. citizen
Abbas captured by U.S. forces in Iraq.
1961 - Dec
24 Apr 1977 - 1984/85
+ Muhammad Zaidan "Abu Abbas" (b. 1948 - d. 2004)
- pro-Syrian faction in Damascus -
- pro-Syrian/Libyan faction in Beirut
1984/85 - Nov
- pro-PLO/Iraqi faction in Tunis (from Nov 1985
1984/85 - 25 Apr 2003
"Abu Abbas" (s.a.)
(to 1985), then Algeria, Libya, Gaza, Iraq (1994-2003)
Liberation Organization (PLO)
Adopted 1 Dec
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) founded.
Organization of the Islamic Conference admits
Palestine, represented by the PLO.
Avivim school bus massacre by PLO members, killed
children, three adults and crippled 19.
Munich massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972
carried out by the Black September group, which was
affiliated with the PLO. This group also hijacked a
from Belgium to Tel Aviv.
Members of Popular Front for the Liberation of
out the Kiryat Shmona massacre at an apartment
Israel, killing 18 people, 9 of whom were children.
is granted observer status in the United
Liberation Organization (PLO) admitted
as a member of Arab League.
headquarters in Beirut bombed, 150 are killed.
Air Force bombed the PLO's Tunis headquarters,
more than 60 people.
al-Wazir "Abu Jihad", PLO 2nd in command, is
National Congress meeting in
Algiers declared a Palestinian state on the
West Bank and Gaza Strip (to no effect).
renounces terrorism and accepts Israel's right to
Authority created to administer most
of Gaza Strip and parts of West Bank.
Chairmen of the Palestine Liberation
Organization (PLO) Executive
10 Jun 1964 - 24 Dec 1967 Ahmad
(b. 1907 - d. 1980)
24 Dec 1967 - 2 Feb 1969 Yahya Hammuda
(b. 1908 -
2 Feb 1969 - 11 Nov 2004 Yasser Arafat
(b. 1929 - d. 2004)
(in exile in Jordan to Apr 1971; Lebanon 1971 -
Dec 1982; and Tunis Dec 1982 - May 1994)
29 Oct 2004
Ridha Abbas "Abu Mazen" (b. 1935)
(acting [for Arafat] to 11 Nov 2004)
Palestinian National Liberation
al-Watani al-Filastini ("Fatah")
National Liberation Movement
1958/59 - 11 Nov 2004
Yasser Arafat "Abu
(b. 1929 - d. 2004)
11 Nov 2004
Struggle Front (PPSF)
Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (PPSF),
abbreviated Popular Struggle Front (PSF) founded as
Palestinian Popular Struggle Organization (PPSO) in
Bank. It had a far-left Baath-influenced ideology.
Attacked civilian Israeli passengers at the Athens
‘Abd al-Majid, a Palestinian politician and militia
leader, heads a breakaway faction of the Palestinian
Ghawshah (Ghoshen) (b. 1940)
Ghawshah (2nd time) (s.a.)
- breakaway faction leader -
Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
in the immediate aftermath of the Six Day War.
PFLP joins the PLO; in 1974 it exits from the
(but not the PLO), rejoining in 1981.
hijacks an Israeli El Al flight from Rome, lands in
PFLP re-designates itself as a Marxist-Leninist
flight from Rome to Athens and Tel Aviv hijacked
to Damascus. 2 Israeli hostages freed 5 Dec 1969 for
Syrians held in Israel.
seizes three planes en route to New York a Swiss Air
DC-8 from Zurich, TWA Boeing 707 from Frankfurt, and
a Pan Am 747 from Amsterdam. Swiss air and TWA
flown to Dawson's Field in Jordan, the Pan Am to
then Cairo. On 9 Sep 1970 a BOAC VC10 is hijacked en
Bombay to London and taken to Dawson's Field. The 3
in Jordan are destroyed 12 Sep 1970, and hostages
flight from New Delhi to Athens hijacked and
diverted to Aden. Passengers and crew freed 23 Feb
West Germany pays $5 million ransom.
and Japanese Red Army hijack a JAL 747 en route from
Amsterdam to Tokyo, Plane lands at Dubai then flies
to Benghazi, Libya.
Announces opposition to Declaration of Principles
Israel and PLO and suspended participation in the
assassinates PFLP leader Abu Ali Mustafa.
Israeli Tourism Minister Rehavam Zeevi.
Ahmed Saadat imprisoned by Palestinian Authority in
seizes Saadat from the Palestinian prison.
11 Dec 1967 - Jul 2000
George Habash "Abu
(b. 1926 - d. 2008)
Jul 2000 - 27 Aug 2001
Mustafa Zibri "Abu
Ali Mustafa" (b. 1938 - d. 2001)
3 Oct 2001
(imprisoned from 2002)
Lebanon, Israel, West Bank, and Gaza Strip
Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General
Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General
(PFLP-GC) split from PLFP, opposes PLO, backed by
Known for cross-border terrorist attacks into Israel
Lebanon, Israel, West Bank, and Gaza Strip, Europe,
and Middle East
Front for the Liberation of Palestine-Special
Popular Front for the Liberation of
(PFLP-SC) split faction from Wadie Haddad's PFLP-SG,
separate Marxist-Leninist group.
a restaurant in Torrejon, Spain frequented by U.S.
to have ceased operations.
Middle East, Europe
for the Liberation of Palestine-Special Operations
(Popular Front for the
Liberation of Palestine
- External Operations (PFLP-EO) or Special
or Special Operations Group (PFLP-SOG)
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine -
(PFLP-EO) or Special Operations (PFLP-SO) or Special
Group (PFLP-SOG) were organizational names used by
radical Wadie Haddad when engaging in international
were regarded as terrorism, and were not sanctioned
by the PFLP.
the Entebbe hijacking in collaboration with
West German Red Army Faction; Hadad expelled from
1969 - 12 May
Wadie Haddad "Abu
(b. 1927 - d. 1978)
Lebanon, Middle East, Europe
Base, Qa‘idat al-Jihad, Islamic Army for the
Liberation of the Holy Places,
Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews
and Crusaders, Islamic
Salvation Foundation, Osama bin Laden
Established by Osama bin Laden to create a
throughout the world by working with allied Islamic
groups to overthrow regimes it deems "non-Islamic,"
Westerners and non-Muslims from Muslim countries.
of the World Trade Center, NYC- 6 killed, 1,000
to have shot down U.S. helicopters in Somalia -
14 servicemen killed.
Laden issues a fatwa against the United
military base in Saudi Arabia bombed- 19 killed.
of the U.S. embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania - at least 220 persons are
5,000 are injured.
of the USS Cole in Aden, Yemen- 17 U.S.
are crashed into the Pentagon, Virginia and World
Center, NYC. World Trade Center is entirely
about 3,000 people die in both attacks and the
Bombing of Djerba, Tunisia synagogue - 19 are
of Bali, Indonesia nightclubs - 202 killed.
of British consulate in Istanbul, Turkey - 27
of Madrid, Spain commuter trains- 191 killed, 1,800
in London, U.K. on commuter trains and buses - 50
of three hotels in Amman, Jordan -56 killed, 96
11 Apr 2007
Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic
Maghreb claimed to have been
responsible for the Algiers
bombings. Two bombs exploded
a short time of each other, one
at the prime ministers
and the other at a police
station. The blasts killed
2 Apr 2008
Al-Qaeda claimed responsibility for
the bombing of the Danish
embassy in Pakistan. A car bomb
killed six persons
1 May 2011
Laden is confirmed dead by the United States, having
been killed in Abbottabad,
Pakistan by U.S. special forces.
1988 - 2 May 2011
Osama bin Mohammed bin
(b. 1957 - d. 2011)
17 May 2011 - Jun 2011 Saif al-Adel
Jun 2011 -
Pakistan, worldwide cells in several countries.
hundred to several thousand members.
and People Against Gangsterism and Drugs (PAGAD)
(Muslims Against Global Oppression [MAGO]; Muslims
Illegitimate Leaders [MAIL]) founded as
a radical Islamic group
seeking to establish an Islamic state in South
began as a community anti-crime group fighting drug
Cape Town's Cape Flats section. PAGAD now shares
Western stance as well as some members and
and PAGAD may have masterminded the bombing of the
Town Planet Hollywood restaurant, 1 person
Pieter Theron, who was presiding in a case involving
PAGAD members, was murdered in a drive-by shooting.
Bombing of the Bishop Lavis offices of the Serious
Crimes Unit in
the Western Cape.
Leader of Qibla
1980's - ....
Leader of PAGAD
250 members, PAGAD: at least 50 gunmen
IRA (RIRA, True IRA)
IRA (RIRA) (a.k.a. True IRA) formed as the
armed wing of the 32-County Sovereignty Movement, a
"political pressure group" opposed to Sinn Fein's
the Mitchell principles of democracy and nonviolence
additions to the Irish Constitution, which lay claim
Northern Ireland. Aimed at removing British forces
Ireland and unifying Ireland.
bomb exploded in center of Portadown, County Armagh.
bomb attack on RUC station in Armagh, County Armagh.
bomb exploded in Newtownhamilton, County Armagh.
bomb attack on RUC station in Newry, County Armagh.
bombs were found in stores in Portadown, County
bomb exploded in center of Banbridge, County Down.
resulted in 33 civilians being seriously injured.
Car bomb in Omagh, Northern Ireland; kills 29 and
injured 320. 7
and kill 2 British soldiers Cengiz "Patrick" Azimkar
and Mark Quinsey and
injure 2 more and 2 civilians
in County Antrim, Northern Ireland.
Feb/Mar 1998 - 15 Aug 1998 Michael "Mickey"
(imprisoned from 2003)
Ireland, Irish Republic, Great Britain
than 50 hard-core activists.
Red Army Faction
(Rote Armee Faktion, Baader-Meinhof Gang)
Red Army Faction (Rote Armee Fraktion)(RAF)
was born out of
extra-parliamentarian protest movement against
It emerged from the "Baader-Meinhof Gang", founded
Baader and Ulrike Meinhof (f). Marxist-Maoist
terrorist activities aimed at paralyzing and
democratic order in West Germany.
public appearance: freeing of A. Baader by force.
Leading members imprisoned.
of West German Embassy in Stockholm. It is
up as police prepare to attack, the RAF members
headquarters in Vienna is seized by Palestinian and
terrorists led by Carlos "the Jackal"
Attorney General Siegfried Buback (b. 1920 - d.
of Hanns-Martin Schleyer (b. 1915 - d. 1977), Pres.
the Fed. Assoc. of German employer union.
13 Oct 1977 - 18 Oct 1977 A Lufthansa plane
Palestinians (intended to be used
for exchange with the imprisoned leaders), freed by
special police forces (GSG 9) in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Bank CEO, Alfred Herrhausen, killed by RAF car bomb.
responsibility for murder of Detlev Rohwedder, head
the Treuhandanstalt (agency charged with privatizing
holdings of the former East Germany), in his house
RAF attacked the US Embassy in Bonn, firing assault
announced that it was disbanding.
1968 - 18 Oct
1943 - d. 1977)
+ Ulrike Meinhof
(b. 1943 - d. 1976)
(imprisoned from 1972)
18 Oct 1977 - Apr 1998
Germany, East Germany
level: 122 core members, supported by militants and
250 sympathizers and (logistically) by the GDR
group formed out of the student movements
aim is to separate Italy from the Western
Rosano Berardi is murdered.
and killed former Prime Minister Aldo Moro.
General James Dozier, an American who held a
with NATO in Italy, later freed in a police raid.
Red Brigade split into two separate organizations:
Combatant Party (Red Brigades-PCC) and the Union of
Communists (Red Brigades-UCC).
Leamon Hunt, U.S. Chief of Sinai multinational
imprisoned leaders of the organization, Curcio,
Ianelli and Bertolucci, published an "open letter"
in which they
rejected the armed struggle as pointless: "The
conditions that made this struggle possible no
Brigades-PCC kills the ex-mayor of Florence, and
kill Prime Minister's advisor Bettino Craxi.
Brigades-UCC kills General Licio Giorgieri in
Brigades-PCC kills Senator Robert Ruffilli, an
Italian Prime Minister Ciriaco de Mita.
Brigades-PCC murders Massimo D'Antona, a senior
to to the cabinet of Prime Minister Massimo D'Alema.
Brigades-PCC assassinates Marco Biagi, an economic
Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi.
Nov 1970 -
(under arrest from Jan 1976)
thought to have no more than 50 members.
Armed Forces of Colombia -People's Army (FARC-EP)
Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia –
Ejército del Pueblo
(Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People's
established as the military wing of the Colombian
Party to replace the current government with a
three Indian rights activists in Venezuela.
4 Nov 2011
Colombian military operation in
Cauca state kills FARC leader Cano.
1964 - 10 Aug
Luis Morantes "Jacobo
1990 - 26 Mar 2008
Manuel Marulanda Vélez
(b. 1928 - d. 2008)
(Pedro Antonio Marín)
26 Mar 2008 - 4 Nov 2011 Alfonso
Cano (Guillermo León Sáenz)
(b. 1948 - d. 2011)
Nov 2011 -
Jiménez or "Timochenko"
8,000 to 18,000 armed combatants
17 November (17 November)
Formed as a radical leftist group, 17 November is
anti-Greek establishment, anti-United States,
anti-NATO, and committed to the ouster of U.S.
removal of Turkish military presence from Cyprus,
of Greece's ties to NATO and the European Union
U.S. embassy employee (CIA's Athens station
chief) Richard Welch.
U.S. Navy Captain George Tsantes.
U.S. defense attache William Nordeen.
Air Force Sergeant Ronald O. Strong killed by a car
Gorgu, a Turkish press attaché, shot in his car.
Haluk Sipahioglu, a Turkish embassy official shot on
Anglo-Hellenic shipping tycoon Constantinos
responsibility for the murder of British Defense
Attaché Stephen Saunders in Athens.
leader Alexandros Giotopoulos arrested on island of
Koufodinas -identified as group's chief of
surrendered to the authorities.
1973 - 17 Jun
but presumed to be small.
Liberation Party-Front (DHKP-C) (Dev Sol)
Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi/Cephesi
(Revolutionary Left "Dev
Sol"), formed as a splinter group of
Devrimci Yol (Dev Yol) which
was itself a splinter group of the
Turkish People's Liberation
13 Aug 1991
Murder of Andrew Blake, head of U.K. Commercial
Union in Istanbul.
Launched rockets at U.S. consulate in Istanbul.
within Dev Sol resulted in the emergence of two
factions. Dursun Karatas, group's DHKP-C from
Bedri Yagan, a founding member of Dev Sol, broke
Karatas faction and created a new faction, THKP-C
(not to be
confused with the original THKP-C).
Renamed Revolutionary People's Liberation
(Devrimci Halk Kurtulus
- from 1993 of DHKP-C -
1978 - 11 Apr 2008
(b. 1952 - d. 2008)
- of THKP-C -
several dozen operatives, with a large support
People's Struggle (ELA)
Epanastatikos Laikos Agonas (ELA)(Revolutionary
founded as an extreme leftist group, the ELA is
as revolutionary, anti-capitalist, and
Strongly anti-U.S., and seeks the removal of U.S.
forces from Greece.
weapons and other assistance from
terrorist Carlos "the Jackal"
not claimed any actions from this period onward.
-  p; ....
United Front of Sierra Leone (RUF)
Revolutionary United Front (RUF) began
actions to topple the
government of Sierra Leone and retain control of the
lucrative diamond producing regions of
Europeans and at least three Sierra Leoneans were
raided a mission near the Guinea border, taking 100
Seven nuns - six Italians and one Brazilian - were
Mar 1995 - Apr 1995 RUF
forces attack the suburbs of the capital, Freetown.
20 Nov 1996
Abidjan Accord between Sierra
Leone government and RUF.
May 1997 - Jun 1997
RUF forces sack the capital, Freetown.
6 Jan 1999 - Jan 1999
RUF forces again sack the capital, Freetown, large
parts of the
city burned and 6,000
were killed and 3,000 children
as RUF retreated.
7 Jul 1999
Lome Accord Foday Sankoh offered chairmanship
of the Commission
for the Management of
Strategic Resources, National
Development, which was to
have the status
of Vice President, in
that he was to be only answerable
17 May 2000
Sankoh arrested after RUF forces kill
protesters near his home.
RUF disarmament and
18 Jan 2002
civil conflict officially ended when all parties to
conflict issued a
Declaration of the End of the
government since asserted
control over the whole
by a large U.N.
peacekeeping force. RUF insurgents,
completed disarmament and
demobilization. An estimated
people were killed during
the war, and over 500,000
displaced in neighboring
23 Mar 1991 - 20 Aug 2000
1937 - d. 2003)
(imprisoned in Nigeria [from 25 Jul 1998 Sierra
2 Mar 1997 - 19 Apr 1999,
imprisoned again from 17 May 2000)
Mar 1997 - Apr 1999 Sam
Bockarie (acting for Sankoh) (b.
1964 - d. 2003)
20 Aug 2000 - 18 Jan 2002 Issa Hassan
Leone, Liberia, Guinea.
Once estimated at several thousand supporters and
the group has
dwindled to several
Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC)
Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (Groupe
pour la Prédication et le Combat, also 'Group for
12 Nov 2002
Ambush of a group of
Algerian soldiers. 9 dead, 12 wounded.
European tourists are kidnapped. 1 dead, 17 hostages
Algerian troops on 13 May
2003, and 14 released
in Aug 2003.
12 Feb 2004
Near Tighremt, Algeria,
Islamic extremists ambushed a police
patrol, killing 7 police
officers and wounding
alignment with al-Qaeda and Taliban leader Mullah
Blida Province, Algeria, armed assailants fired on
vehicles at a fake road
block, killing 13 civilians,
Announces it has joined
15 Oct 2006
In Sidi Medjahed, Ain Defla,
Algeria, assailants attacked and
killed eight private
24 Jan 2007
Officially renamed "Al-Qaeda in
the Islamic Maghreb."
1998 - 17 Jan
Ahmed Abou al-Baraa (Ahmed Zarabib) (b.
19.. - d. 2006)
1998 - af.2001
by 2003 - 20 Jun 2004
(b. 19.. - d. 2004)
Abou Mossab Abdelouadoud
"Abdel Malik Daroqedel"
Chad, Libya, Mauritania, Mali, Morocco, Niger
Luminoso ("Shining Path") founded.
one of the most ruthless terrorist groups in the
Hemisphere — approximately 30,000 persons have died
took up arms in 1980.
and interrogated two Newsweek reporters in Ramal
Aspusana, Peru and then released them after three
American reporter was kidnapped in Huallga, Peru and
over to drug traffickers, presumably in exchange for
His body was later found, together with a note
signed by SL.
Luminoso terrorists singled out and shot two
tourists aboard a bus traveling in the Apurimac
Peruvian passengers were forced to pay the
but were unharmed.
exploded a car bomb near the US Embassy in Lima.
injuries or damage resulted.
killed the Canadian director of the humanitarian
world mission and seriously injured his Colombian
in a Lima suburb.
Australian Nun and 4 Peruvian government officials
executed after a "people's trial" in a rural
Soviet textile technician was ambushed and killed by
SL members in Lima.
Japanese agronomists were assassinated by 10 SL
a Japanese funded rural research center in Peru.
polish priests were shot and killed by SL members in
rural area. A local mayor was also murdered and an
was held for several hours.
Italian priest was killed in an ambush on his car by
a powerful bomb on Tarata Street in the upscale
of Miraflores in Lima, killing more than 20 people.
Sendero Luminoso terrorists assassinated an Italian
Lay Missionary in Jangas.
guerrillas detonated car bombs at the Japanese and
Embassies in Lima, causing injuries and damaging
60 homes and buildings. At least 12 people were
injured by the
car bomb at the Japanese embassy, all bystanders or
detonated a car bomb in front of the Chilean Embassy
in Lima at the end of a strike called by the SL
The explosion damaged the embassy and nearby houses
but did not
result in any casualties.
discovered the bodies of 2 European tourists in
remote area of Ayacucho. The two had been traveling
in a region contested by Sendero Luminoso
first spraying the building with automatic weapons,
terrorists exploded a van bomb outside the US
Embassy in Lima.
One Embassy guard was injured. The explosion caused
damage to the embassy's facade and perimeter fence.
Spanish embassy and an US-owned hotel, were also
hotel employees and a hotel guest were injured.
suspected SL bomb exploded in front of the Peruvian-
Japanese cultural center in Lima, no casualties.
members of Sendero Luminoso detonated a 50-KG car
in front of the Maria Angola Hotel in a suburb of
killing 3 hotel employees and a passerby. About 30
terrorists detonated a car bomb, injuring at least 4
and destroying a portion of the joint Shell-Mobil
and warehouse in Lima.
Sendero Luminoso (SL) guerrillas kidnapped 30 oil
Junin Department. The workers are employed by a firm
contracted by a French transnational oil company. On
the SL rebels released the oil workers unharmed in
a ransom of food, medicines, clothing and batteries.
car bomb exploded outside the U.S. Embassy in Peru
10 people and injuring more than 30. The blast
occurred at about
10:45 p.m. outside a Banco de Credito bank in an
with shops and restaurants.
9 Jun 2003
Path group attacked a camp in Ayacucho, and took 68
employees of the
Argentinian company Techint and
guards as hostages. Two
days later, after a rapid
response, the terrorists
abandoned the hostages.
22 Dec 2005
Path ambush a police patrol in Huánuco region,
Path ambushed and killed 13 government soldiers in
1960's - 12 Sep
Sep 1992 - 14 Jul
1999 Óscar Ramírez
1999 - Apr 2000
José Arcela Chiroque "Ormeño"
Gang (Lehi, Lohamei Herut Israel, Fighters
for the Freedom of Israel)
Herut Israel, "Lehi" (Fighters for the Freedom of
an armed underground faction in pre-state Israel
that that had as
its goal the eviction of the British from Palestine
unrestricted immigration of Jews and the formation
of a Jewish
state. Split from Irgun. The smallest by far of any
of the Jewish
armed groups during the mandatory era, it never
attracted more than
a few hundred followers, and was reviled by most of
Lord Moyne, a British government
in Cairo, Egypt.
and Irgun attacked Deir Yassin ("Deir Yassin
approximately 107 and 120 Palestinian Arab civilians
the United Nations Mediator, Count Folke Bernadotte.
1920 - 12 Feb 1942
(Avraham Shtern) "Yair" (b. 1907 - d. 1942)
(b. 1910 – d. 1996)
- Natan Yellin-Mor
- Yitzhak Shamir
few hundred followers.
Liberation Army founded in California.
murdered Oakland, California superintendent of
Marcus Foster and badly wounded his deputy Robert
kidnaps 19-year-old publishing heiress Patty Hearst
Berkeley, California apartment.
Angeles Police department surrounds a house of armed
members. After the fire the bodies of Nancy Ling
Angela Atwood ("General Gelina"), Willie Wolfe (who
to be Patricia Hearst's lover and who bore the SLA
Donald DeFreeze ("Cinque"), Patricia Soltysik
"Zoya"), and Camilla Hall ("Gabi") were found.
remaining members of the SLA robbed the Crocker
in Carmichael, California and killed Myrna Opsahl, a
in the process.
Aug 1973 - 17 May 1974
(b. 1943 - d. 1974)
(General Field Marshal Cinque Mtume)
May 1974 -
William Harris "Teko"
Lliure ("Free Land") established with goal of
independent Marxist state in the Spanish provinces
Electric Company in Barcelona bombed.
of U.S. consulate in Barcelona.
consulate in Barcelona attacked.
bombing of French tourism office in Barcelona,
8 are injured.
end of terror campaigns.
Group announced its definitive
1970's - 1995
Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA)
Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA)(Movimiento
Revolucionario Túpac Amaru) established as Marxist
to rid Peru of all imperialist elements (primarily
and Japanese influence). Previously conducted
kidnappings, ambushes, and assassinations, but
has fallen drastically.
armed struggle against Peruvian government.
7 radio stations in Lima.
former Defense Minister Manuel E. Lopez Albujar.
17 Dec 1996 - 22 Apr 1997 Occupies the
residence in Lima,
taking guests 72 hostage.
1984 - 22 Apr
1953 - d. 1997)
1984 - Jun
Victor Polay Campos
(imporisioned Feb 1989-Jul 1990, from Jun
Bolivia, throughout Latin America
more than 100.
(Movimiento de Liberación Nacional, National
Tupamaros (MLN)(Movimiento de Liberación Nacional
National Liberation Army) founded to lead a
state in Uruguay.
Raid on a Swiss rifle club.
of home of the Brazilian ambassador.
diplomats are kidnapped in Montevideo: Dan Mitrone
of USAID is killed 10 Aug 1970, Aloysio Gomide of
is released 21 Feb 1971 after his family paid a
Ambassador Geoffrey Jackson is kidnapped. He is
released 9 Sep 1971 after 106 Tupamaros escape from
Artigas Alvarez, chief of Uruguay civil defense
Movement crushed by the military.
members renounce armed struggle and state they are
joining Frente Amplio coalition and Movimiento 26 de
1962 - 4 Sep
(b. 1926 - d. 1989)
1972 around 6,000.
Radical Indian Muslim group, goals unknown.
Believed responsible for the Coimbatore
bombings in Southern India.
-  p; ....
Forces of Colombia (AUC-Autodefensas Unidas de
Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC)(Autodefensas
Unidas de Colombia) an umbrella organization formed
consolidate most local and regional paramilitary
each with the mission to protect economic interests
combat insurgents locally.
this date about 17,000 of the AUC's 20,000 fighters
surrendered their weapons since 2003.
Apr 1997 - 16 Apr 2004
Carlos Castaño Gil
1965 - d. 2004)
2004 - 2006?
20,000 paramilitary fighters, including former
and insurgent personnel.
The Weathermen (later, Weather Underground
Organization) a U.S.
Radical Left organization consisting of splintered
and leaders of the Students for a Democratic Society
formed. The group referred to itself as a
organization of communist women and men." Their
was to carry out a series of militant actions to
revolutionary overthrow of the Government of the
and of capitalism as a whole.
"Action Faction" of the SDS releases a detailed
their political ideology in the official SDS
newspaper "New Left
Notes." This essay concluded with the quotation "You
A Weatherman To Know Which Way The Wind Blows" which
to its adherents being called "Weathermen."
National Convention, held in Chicago, Illinois, sees
organization collapse as a student group and the
seizing control of the SDS National Office.
Dohrn, Eleanor Raskin, Dianne Donghi, Peter
David Millstone and Diana Oughton, all representing
Weathermen, travel to Cuba where they meet with
of the North Vietnamese and Cuban governments.
Police Statue is bombed in Chicago, Illinois.
of Rage" riots occur in Chicago in which 287
members from throughout the country were arrested
and a large
amount of property damage was done.
Chicago Police cars parked in a Precinct parking lot
3600 North Halsted Street, Chicago, are bombed.
Weathermen hold a "War Council" meeting in Flint,
where they finalize their plans to submerge into an
status from which they plan to commit strategic acts
against the government. Thereafter they are called
"Weather Underground Organization" (WUO).
closes the SDS National Office in Chicago,
major campus based organization of the 1960's.
Police vehicles of the Berkeley, California,
Department are bombed in the police parking lot.
is detonated at the Golden Gate Park branch of the
Francisco Police Department, killing one officer and
a number of other policemen.
group blows themselves up when their bomb factory
in New York's Greenwich Village accidentally
members Ted Gold, Diana Oughton (f), and Terry
Robbins die in
this accident. The Bomb was intended to be planted
Non-commissioned officer's dance at Fort Dix, New
Police discover WUO bomb factory on Chicago's north
Guard Association building in Washington, D.C. was
to protest the National Guard killings of four
Kent State in Ohio.
under Bernardine Dohrn's name releases its
a State of War" communiqué.
York City Police Headquarters is bombed in response
Weatherman call "police repression."
Presidio Army Base in San Francisco is bombed to
11th anniversary of the Cuban Revolution.
WUO helps Dr. Timothy Leary, LSD user break out and
from the California Men's Colony prison.
of Marin County Courthouse in retaliation for the
of Jonathan Jackson, William Christmas, and James
Courthouse is bombed to express support for the New
Center for International Affairs is bombed to
the war in Vietnam.
Capitol is bombed to protest the invasion of
agents discover an abandoned WUO bomb factory in San
of the Office of California Prisons allegedly
retaliation for the killing of George Jackson.
York Department of Corrections in Albany New York is
to protest the killing of 29 inmates at Attica State
of William Bunny's office in the MIT research
of The Pentagon in retaliation for the new U.S.
raid in Hanoi.
of the 103rd Police Precinct in New York in response
killing of 10-year-old black youth Clifford Glover
member Howard Norton Machtinger is arrested by the
FBI in New
York. Released on bond, Machtinger again submerges
headquarters in New York and Rome, Italy are bombed
response to ITT's alleged role in the Chilean coup
of the Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare
San Francisco to protest alleged sterilization of
of the California Attorney General is bombed in
to the killing of 6 members of the Symbionese
Oil's Pittsburgh headquarters is bombed to protest
actions in Angola, Vietnam, and elsewhere.
releases its book "Prairie Fire" in which they
the need for a unified Communist Party. They
creation of study groups to discuss their ideology,
to stress the need for violent acts. The book also
responsibility of several actions from previous
Prairie Fire Organizing Committee (PFOC) arises from
teachings in the book, organized by many former WUO
of Anaconda Corporation (part of the Rockefeller
Corporation) in retribution for Anaconda’s alleged
in the Chilean coup the previous year.
of The State Department in response to escalation in
releases its first edition of a new magazine
bomb a Banco de Ponce (a Puerto Rican bank) in New
solidarity with striking Puerto Rican cement
PFOC holds its first national convention during
which time they
go through the formality of creating a new
of the Kennecott Corporation in retribution
alleged involvement in the Chilean coup two years
The group began dissolving, many members moved on to
armed revolutionary groups and were subsequently
held for long periods. Very few served prison
their time in the Weather Underground.
- Terry Robbins (to 6 Mar
1970) (d. 1970)
- Ted Gold (to 6 Mar
(b. 1947 - d. 1970)
- Naomi Jaffe (f)
- Cathy Wilkerson (f)
- Jeff Jones
- Susan Stern (f)
- Bob Tomashevsky
- Sam Karp
- Russ Neufeld
- Joe Kelly
- Bernardine Dohrn (f)
National Liberation Army (EZLN)
National Liberation Army (Ejército Zapatista de
go public with the initial goal of overthrowing the
Mexican government. Short armed clashes in Chiapas
end two weeks
after the uprising and there have been no full-scale
1 Jan 1994
(Rafael Sebastián Guillén Vicente)
©2002 Ben Cahoon