A glimpse of the future in China: two new APP mills.The Chinese pulp and paper industry The global pulp and paper industry is dominated by North American (United States, Canada), northern European (Finland, Sweden) and East Asian countries (such as Japan). Australasia and Latin America also have significant pulp and paper industries. is moving from small to large in a big way. Companies in China are investing in new, globally competitive technologies while closing the smaller, more polluting pol·lute
tr.v. pol·lut·ed, pol·lut·ing, pol·lutes
1. To make unfit for or harmful to living things, especially by the addition of waste matter. See Synonyms at contaminate.
2. mills that formed the basis of the paper industry well into the 1980s. Asian and European paper suppliers are participating in building a modern Chinese pulp and paper industry to serve a domestic market for paper that is expanding by 3 million metric tons/yr.
Asia Pulp and Paper Co. Ltd. (APP See application.
app - application program ) has taken the two latest steps in China's journey to papermaking pa·per·mak·ing
The process or craft of making paper.
paper·mak powerhouse A fourth-generation language from Cognos that was introduced in the late 1970s for midrange computers. It supports both character-oriented, terminal-based applications as well as Windows clients. Applications developed under PowerHouse can be imported into Cognos' Axiant client/server environment. . The Indonesia-based company recently built a new board machine at its Ningbo mill and the world's largest single fiberline in Hainan province.
The Chinese paper See
See also: Chinese industry set a fast pace for capacity expansion, beginning in the early 1990s. In 1993, a private investor, Morning-side, decided to build a modern art paper line in Suzhou Industrial Park The China-Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park (中国——新加坡苏州工业园区, SIP) is an industrial park built in Suzhou, China with significant Singaporean input. . That machine was 4.3/3.9 m wide, using the same technology as Enso's PM 6 in Oulu, Finland. For a short time after it started up in late 1996, the Suzhou machine was the largest in China, producing 110,000 metric tons/yr. The Suzhou single-machine mill is now owned by Stora Enso
Later, several large containerboard con·tain·er·board
A corrugated or solid cardboard used to make containers. machines were built in Guangdong by Nine Dragons and Lee & Man. Chenming invested at a mill in Shouguang, Shandong province by installing a 5.1 m wide fine paper machine in 1997. Two years later, Chenming built another, similar machine at the site. Each machine produces 180,000 metric tons/yr of fine paper. Guangzhou Paper bought an 8.3 m wide secondhand newsprint newsprint
low grade paper used for newspapers. Old newspapers are fed to cattle as an alternative roughage and may occasionally be ingested by dogs. Significant amounts of lead are accumulated in tissues; no cases of poisoning have been recorded in cattle, though it has been machine from Sweden around the same time.
Finally, in 1998, Asia Pulp & Paper (Sinar Mas, Indonesia) decided to build two 10.5 m wide fine paper machines (one with a coating unit) in Dagang, Jiangsu province. The machines started up the following year. One of the machines was equipped with an off-machine coater, and later the second machine was equipped with a similar finishing line. These machines are still the largest printing and writing paper machines in the world. In addition, APP will start up PM3 at the mill in spring 2005. This 10.7 m wide machine will produce 600,000 metric tons/yr of fine paper with on-machine coating.
Another major player, Asian-Pacific Resources (APRIL April: see month. ), ordered two 9.4 m wide fine paper machines in 1997 from Beloit for its Changshu mill, 100 kilometers from Dagang. Only one machine was installed and Metso Paper took over the project. Due to cash flow problems at APRIL caused in part by the Asian recession, the mill was then taken over by UPM UPM Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
UPM Universiti Putra Malaysia
UPM University of the Philippines - Manila
UPM Unit Production Manager (film and video production)
UPM User Profile Management
UPM United People's Movement after a short-lived joint venture. UPM Changshu, as it is called today, is now building a 450,000 metric tons/yr, 10.4 m wide, fine paper line, which will start up in late spring 2005.
At the beginning of this decade, several other Chinese companies Chinese owned companies can be defined as enterprises within mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and the Republic of China (Taiwan):
APP MOVES AHEAD
One of the most recent large machine installations is at APP's Ningbo mill, where the company has installed the largest coated board line in the world (700,000 metric tons/yr). APP has also started up Jinhai Pulp on the island of Hainan, the largest single fiberline operation in the word, producing 1 million metric tons/yr of chemical pulp. This article profiles these two large investment projects.
JINHAI PULP, HAINAN
Prior to the construction of Jinhai Pulp, the largest pulp mill A pulp mill is a manufacturing facility that converts wood chips or other plant fiber source into a thick fiber board which can be shipped to a paper mill for further processing. was the recently constructed Rizhao Pulp Mill, which produces 180,000 metric tons/yr. China produced a total of 2.5 million metric tons of chemical wood pulp wood pulp: see paper. in 2004, while consumption was 9 million metric tons. A modern pulp mill producing 1 million metric tons/yr of eucalyptus eucalyptus (y'kəlĭp`təs): see myrtle.
eucalyptus and acacia pulp, such as Jinhai pulp, will change this equation dramatically. Built by the Sinar Mas Group-APP China, the Jinhai mill was completed less than two years after the financing decision. The first pulp was produced on November 25, 2004.
Jinhai Pulp Mill, or Hainan Gold Hai Pulp, is located on the coast of Hainan island, in the Yangpu Economic Development Zone (a total area of 30 square kilometers, established in September 1993). Hainan province is in southeast China, and is tropical in climate. In Chinese economic development zones, export oriented o·ri·ent
1. Orient The countries of Asia, especially of eastern Asia.
a. The luster characteristic of a pearl of high quality.
b. A pearl having exceptional luster.
3. foreign high-tech companies enjoy special taxation treatment during their first years in business. Sinar Mas received approval from the Chinese government Ever since Republic of China founded in January 1st, 1912, China has had several regional and national governments. List
Wood for the mill is primarily Eucalyptus grandia and Acacia crassicarpa Acacia crassicarpa (Northern Wattle, Thick-podded Salwood, Brown Salwood, Papua New Guinea Red Wattle, Red Wattle; syn. Racosperma crassicarpum (A.Cunn. ex Benth.) Pedley. , which have rotations of 6-9 years. Sinar Mas has 160,000 hectares (ha) of plantations in Hainan, Guangdong, and Guangxi provinces. The company will plant an additional 80,000 ha of plantations in these three provinces by 2007, and it is preparing an additional 150,000 ha in Yunnan province Noun 1. Yunnan province - a province of southern China
Cathay, China, Communist China, mainland China, People's Republic of China, PRC, Red China - a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world , which are partly ready.
Liu Han Hung, chairman and president of Hainan Jinhai Pulp & Paper, Hainan Jinhua Forestry, and Hainan Fu Mei Forestry, said that the Jinhai Mill gets its domestic wood from Hainan, Guangdong, and Guangxi. The Yunnan wood is too far away, making it too expensive to transport to the Jinhai Mill. Available wood in Hainan, Guangdong, and Guangxi accounts for a majority of the mill's total consumption, 4 million cubic meters Noun 1. cubic meter - a metric unit of volume or capacity equal to 1000 liters
cubic metre, kiloliter, kilolitre
metric capacity unit - a capacity unit defined in metric terms a year. The balance is imported from Indonesia, Cambodia, Vietnam and Australia.
Jinhai Pulp ordered equipment for the mill from Kvaerner Pulping, part of the Aker Kvaerner Group, in December 2002. The order was formalized for·mal·ize
tr.v. for·mal·ized, for·mal·iz·ing, for·mal·iz·es
1. To give a definite form or shape to.
a. To make formal.
b. in March 2003 after financing was completed. In October 2003, construction began. Less than a year later, in September 2004, the start up process began. Initial pulp was produced in Hainan in November 2004, 18 months after the firm order was placed.
Elizabeth Andtbacka, project manager for Kvaerner Pulping, said that this was the fastest whole mill delivery ever made, and the fiberline is the largest in the world. The continuous digester di·gest·er
1. One that makes a digest.
2. Chemistry A vessel in which substances are softened or decomposed, usually for further processing.
Noun 1. is 72 m high and 12.5 m in diameter. Kvaerner Pulping has guaranteed 3210 metric tons/day from the digester, which currently makes 3000 metric tons/day of bleached pulp. Andtbacka estimates that peak production can be as high as 3500 mtpd, which Liu expects one day to be the mill's regular output.
Andritz supplied the mill's four-line wood and chip feeding system. This huge unit requires 12,000 cubic meters of debarked wood a day when running at full capacity. The wood comes as ready debarked logs or in form of chips from the forestry companies.
The continuous cooking plant is based on proven technology, although the massive scale is new. Operators will need to learn how to most efficiently run the large diameter digester, according to according to
1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians.
2. In keeping with: according to instructions.
3. the mill. Washing and screening systems use the compact press technology, which is also proven. The ECF (Enhanced Connectivity Facilities) IBM software that allows DOS PCs to query and download data from mainframes and issue mainframe commands. It also allows printer output to be directed from the PC to the mainframe. bleaching bleaching, process of whitening by chemicals or by exposure to sun and air, commonly applied to textiles, paper pulp, wheat flour, petroleum products, oils and fats, straw, hair, feathers, and wood. system works well and should not be a challenge to operate. At the end of December 2004, production was about 1500 metric tons/day, with the bottleneck A lessening of throughput. It often refers to networks that are overloaded, which is caused by the inability of the hardware and transmission lines to support the traffic. It can also refer to a mismatch inside the computer where slower-speed peripheral buses and devices prevent the CPU being chemical preparation. By early February, production was up to 2000 metric tons/day.
Pulp is dried at an Andritz drying machine, which is 9.4 m wide and has a capacity of 250 mpm. The dryer includes a Flakt dryer section and Andritz cutter and baling stations.
The mill takes its fresh water from mountain streams, cleaning it with a micro-flotation system. The mill produces 70,000 [m.sup.3] of wastewater daily when the mill runs to capacity. The wastewater handling system includes a traditional cooling tower, followed by a pre-clarifier.
NINGBO ASIA PULP & PAPER: COATED PAPER Coated paper is paper which has been coated by an inorganic compound to impart certain qualities to the paper, including weight and surface gloss, smoothness or ink absorbency. Kaolinite is the compound most often used for coating papers used in commercial printing. ON A MASSIVE SCALE
Ningbo Asia Pulp & Paper Mill is located in Ningbo City, Zhejiang province, approximately 250 km south from Shanghai by the costal road. Sinar Mas, Indonesia built the mill in 1992, when the first coated duplex (communications) duplex - Used to describe a communications channel that can carry signals in both directions, in contrast to a simplex channel which only ever carries a signal in one direction. board machine was installed. Today, the mill has 2100 employees, including 600 working in the new mill. Today, the mill produces a total of 1.2 million metric tons/yr of coated board.
Sinar Mas China invested US$ 650 million in the PM6 line at Ningbo. The company did its own mill engineering for both the Ningbo and Hainan projects in collaboration with equipment suppliers. The new PM 6 board machine started up in November 2004. Wire width is 8.85 m and web at the reel is 8.115 m wide. Mechanical design speed of the machine is 900 meters/min, and its drive system is designed for a maximum of 800 meters/min. The machine has 5-ply forming and five coating heads. It produces coated duplex board and white lined chipboard chip·board
A pasteboard made from discarded paper.
thin rigid board made of compressed wood particles
Noun 1. at basis weights ranging from 200 to 450 gsm, most commonly 200-350 gsm.
The furnish is mainly recycled fiber. The middle layer, or filler fill·er 1
One that fills, as:
a. Something added to augment weight or size or fill space.
b. A composition, especially a semisolid that hardens on drying, used to fill pores, cracks, or holes in wood, plaster, , is of mixed waste and old corrugated cor·ru·gate
v. cor·ru·gat·ed, cor·ru·gat·ing, cor·ru·gates
To shape into folds or parallel and alternating ridges and grooves.
v.intr. containers (OCC OCC
See: Options Clearing Corporation
See Options Clearing Corporation (OCC). ). Undertop and underback layers are of deinked pulp (DIP), processed by the mill itself. The top layer is of northern bleached softwood softwood
Timber obtained from coniferous trees (mainly of the pine and fir families). With the exception of bald cypress, tamarack, and larch, softwood trees are evergreens. kraft (NBSK NBSK Northern-Bleached Softwood Kraft ) mixed with bleached hardwood hardwood: see wood.
Timber obtained from broad-leaved, flower-bearing trees. Hardwood trees are deciduous trees, except in the warmest regions. kraft pulp (BHKP) and/or office waste. The back layer is of BHKP mixed with office waste or office waste mixed with old newsprint (ONP ONP Open Network Provision(ing)
ONP Olympic National Park
ONP Old Newspapers (pulp and paper inustry)
ONP One Nation Party
ONP Operation Na Pali (gaming)
ONP One Night Process ) and DIP, or it is a mixture of mixed waste, ONP and DIP.
All 8 fiberlines (NBSK, two BHKP, office waste, DIP, ONP, OCC, mixed waste), including the DIP plants, the paper machine, automation, and the winder were delivered by Metso Paper. The machine is based on mini-fourdriniers and has five hydraulic headboxes. The machine uses a dilution control headbox in the middle ply (mathematics, data) ply - 1. Of a node in a tree, the number of branches between that node and the root.
2. Of a tree, the maximum ply of any of its nodes. , two tilted shoe presses and a smoothing press, a film press, a hard calender CALENDER. An almanac. Julius Caesar ordained that the Roman year should consist of 365 days, except every fourth year, which should contain 366, the additional day to be reckoned by counting the twenty-fourth day of February (which was the 6th of the calends of March) twice. prior to five OptiJet coaters, a two-nip soft calender, and an OptiReel. The top side of the board is coated three times, and the back side twice. For winding, the mill purchased a Winbelt winder to ensure minimum variation in bulk and surface smoothness. For finishing, the mill has Saimatec wrapping units (20-30% of production), and 9 sheeters, each producing 150-200 metric tons/day (including 8 Maruishi sheeters).
Anil Kaul Anil Kaul (born December 25, 1964 in Amritsar, India) is a retired male badminton player from Canada, who won the gold medal in the inaugural men's doubles competition at the 1995 Pan American Games. He did so alongside Iain Sydie. , senior director of operations for Ningbo Asia Pulp & Paper, said that PM6 is the largest of its kind in the world. It was running at 630 mpm at the end of December 2004. The product being produced at the time was a 250 gsm duplex board, with a 35 gsm top layer, 33 gsm undertop layer, 80 gsm filler layer, 27 gsm underback layer, and a 30 gsm back layer. Top layer brightness was about 78% and gloss 55%.
The machine ran at 2170 metric tons/day producing 350 gsm duplex board during the first week of January 2005. The mill is aiming for a speed of 700 meters/min, but to date bottlenecks have prevented the mill from reaching that goal. The mill's production target for the machine, 2350 metric tons/day, which will amount to 700,000 metric tons/yr, is expected to be realized in 2006 at the latest. The start up has been easy considering the complicated wet end system, although many start up problems have been solved and some are yet to be solved.
Kaul noted that the machine has high product quality and low production costs, due to a flexible furnish. The machine's large scale is very important. APP's motto is to produce high quality products at low costs, which will certainly be realized here; return-on-investment for the machine should be reached in only a few years. The mill's production is being sold on the Chinese market, where demand for coated paperboard paperboard, material similiar in shape and composition to paper, but generally thicker, stronger, and more rigid. Paper machines, e.g., Fourdrinier machines, are used to make sheets of paperboard. is high.
The mill produces its own natrium carbonates, but purchases other pigment pigment, substance that imparts color to other materials. In paint, the pigment is a powdered substance which, when mixed in the liquid vehicle, imparts color to a painted surface. components. OCC, ONP and mixed waste come from abroad, mainly the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. . Eucalyptus pulp comes from Hainan Jinhai Pulp, while softwood kraft is purchased from abroad. PM 6 is dedicated to production of white lined chipboard and coated duplex board. Demand for these grades in China is growing, and additional production capacity is needed. The mill is already planning to install PM7, which will produce packaging materials on the same scale as PM6.
SINAR MAS WILL CONTINUE INVESTING
APP, the parent company of Sinar Mas, faced the full effect of the Asian crisis in 2001 due to the collapse of the Indonesian currency. The company says that its long-expected debt restructuring Debt Restructuring
A method used by companies with outstanding debt obligations to alter the terms of the debt agreements in order to achieve some advantage.
Notes: is almost complete, with more than 90% of the debtors agreeing to the prepared debt-repayment program. However, the process was still open at the writing of this article in the beginning of February. APP's debt problems halted the company's Indonesian investments, but its Chinese investments have continued. In 2004, Sinar Mas also completed several second-hand paper machinery installations, some in Indonesia and some in China. This growth is needed, according to Eero Palokangas, technology director for the APP Group, who adds that the company's paper and board production capacity will reach 10 million metric tons/yr by 2010. Most of the new capacity will be built in China, where the investment climate is favorable fa·vor·a·ble
1. Advantageous; helpful: favorable winds.
2. Encouraging; propitious: a favorable diagnosis.
China needs to build new capacity to satisfy growing demand, and Sinar Mas has been an efficient builder of new mills
According to Sinar Mas, the biggest obstacle to profitable investment in China today is the global currency system. The Euro is currently extraordinarily expensive, boosting investment costs Those program costs required beyond the development phase to introduce into operational use a new capability; to procure initial, additional, or replacement equipment for operational forces; or to provide for major modifications of an existing capability. by 30% over the past three years; and critical pulping and papermaking technology is available only from Europe. Sinar Mas must, according to Palokangas, consider all its means to reduce investment costs, including the possibility of building its own factory to manufacture "non-critical" parts of paper and board machines in China. Sinar Mas will consider this alternative if its suppliers are not able to arrange delivery systems with lower investment costs.
Company Location PM Start Up Chenming Paper Shouguang, Sd 12 2005 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Dong Guang, Gd 8 2005 Dongying Huatai Paper Bing Zhou, Sd 11 2005 Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) Dagang, Jg 3 2005 Hengan Holding Company Weifang, Sd 3 2005 Hengan Holding Company Anhaichen, Fujian 1 2005 Jian Hui Paper (Sun Paper) Dongguang, Gd 2 2005 Chenming Paper Nanchang, Jx 1 2005 Lee & Man Paper Hongmei Xian, Gd 7 2005 PanAsia Long-Teng Paper Hebei 1 2005 UPM Changshu, Jg 2005 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Taicang, Jg 5 2004 Jian Hui Paper Dongguang, Gd 1 2004 Lee & Man Paper Jiangsu 6 2004 Ningbo Asia Pulp & Paper Ningbo, Zh 3 2004 (Sinar Mas) Zhonglong Paper (Cheng Loong) Pudong, Shanghai 1 2004 Bohui Paper Zibo, Magiao, Sd 18 2003 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Dong Guang, Gd 4 2003 Dongying Huatai Paper Bing Zhou, Sd 10 2003 Lee & Man Paper Jiangsu 5 2003 Shandong Sun Paper Yan Zhou, Sd 18 2003 Yueyang Paper Hunan 8 2003 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Dong Guang, Gd 3 2002 Hengan Holding Company Changde, Hunan 2 2002 Lee & Man Paper Guangdong 4 2002 Shanying Paper Maanshan, Anhui 2002 Yanbian Shixian Bailu Paper Jilin 10 2002 Black Dragon Paper Qiqihaer, Hg 8 2001 Chenming Paper Shouguang, Sd 11 2001 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Dong Guang, Gd 2 2000 April, Changshu Fine Paper Changshu, Jg 1 1999 Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) Dagang., Jg 2 1999 Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) Dagang, Jg 1 1999 Gold Hongye (Sinar Mas) Suzhou, Jg 11 1999 Gold Hongye (Sinar Mas) Suzhou, Jg 12 1999 Gold Huasheng (Sinar Mas) Suzhou, Jg 1 1999 Nanping Paper Mill Fujian 5 1999 Vinda Paper Xinhui, Gd 3 1999 Hengan Holding Company Changde, Hu 1 1998 Company Supplier Wire/Reel Speed Width (mpm) (mm) Chenming Paper Shanghai 6100, 5650 800 Dong Guang Nine Dragons MHI 7000, 6400 1100 Dongying Huatai Paper Voith 10200 2000 Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) Voith 10600 1800 Hengan Holding Company Andritz 5550 2000 Hengan Holding Company Metso 5500 2000 Jian Hui Paper (Sun Paper) Metso 4950, 4500 600 Chenming Paper Metso 8600 2000 Lee & Man Paper MHI 7000, 6400 1100 PanAsia Long-Teng Paper Metso 8450 2000 UPM Metso 10400 2000 Dong Guang Nine Dragons MHI 7200 1000 Jian Hui Paper Metso 4950, 4500 700 Lee & Man Paper Voith 6000, 5400 1400 Ningbo Asia Pulp & Paper Metso 8850, 8115 800 (Sinar Mas) Zhonglong Paper (Cheng Loong) Voith 7000, 6300 1300 Bohui Paper Voith 6230 600 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Metso 5650 1100 Dongying Huatai Paper Voith 7100, 6600 1800 Lee & Man Paper Kobayashi, Liaoyang 4900, 4400 1400 Shandong Sun Paper Metso, Valmet-Xian 3700, 3300 700 Yueyang Paper Metso 6300 1500 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Metso 5950, 5430 1100 Hengan Holding Company Andritz 3650 1800 Lee & Man Paper Voith, Liaoyang 6000, 5500 1250 Shanying Paper Liaoyang 5300, 4800 700 Yanbian Shixian Bailu Paper Metso 6900, 6350 1600 Black Dragon Paper Metso 6150 1800 Chenming Paper Metso 5100, 4690 1300 Dong Guang Nine Dragons Metso 5950 1000 April, Changshu Fine Paper Metso 9350 1500 Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) Voith 10500 1700 Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) Voith 10500 1700 Gold Hongye (Sinar Mas) Andritz 5600 2000 Gold Hongye (Sinar Mas) Andritz 5600 2000 Gold Huasheng (Sinar Mas) MHI 8000, 7400 1700 Nanping Paper Mill Metso 6150 1800 Vinda Paper Beloit 3650 2200 Hengan Holding Company Andritz 3700 1600 Company Cap. Main Grade (000 mtpy) Chenming Paper 300 Coated Board Dong Guang Nine Dragons 400 Fluting Dongying Huatai Paper 350 Newsprint Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) 600 Coated WF Hengan Holding Company 64 Tissue Hengan Holding Company 64 Tissue Jian Hui Paper (Sun Paper) 300 Coated Board Chenming Paper 320 LWC Lee & Man Paper 400 Testliner, Fluting PanAsia Long-Teng Paper 330 Newsprint UPM 450 Coated WF Dong Guang Nine Dragons 450 Testliner Jian Hui Paper 300 Coated Board Lee & Man Paper 350 Testliner, Fluting Ningbo Asia Pulp & Paper 700 Cartonboard (Sinar Mas) Zhonglong Paper (Cheng Loong) 360 Testliner, Fluting Bohui Paper 300 Coated Board, WLC Dong Guang Nine Dragons 400 Cartonboard Dongying Huatai Paper 250 Newsprint Lee & Man Paper 300 Testliner, Fluting Shandong Sun Paper 200 Coated Board, LPB Yueyang Paper 200 LWC Dong Guang Nine Dragons 400 Testlinerboard Hengan Holding Company 32 Tissue Lee & Man Paper 330 Testliner, Fluting Shanying Paper 180 Testlinerboard Yanbian Shixian Bailu Paper 180 Newsprint, SC-B Black Dragon Paper 180 Newsprint Chenming Paper 200 Coated WF Dong Guang Nine Dragons 400 Testlinerboard April, Changshu Fine Paper 330 Uncoated WF Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) 450 Coated WF Gold East Paper (Sinar Mas) 400 Uncoated WF Gold Hongye (Sinar Mas) 60 Tissue Gold Hongye (Sinar Mas) 60 Tissue Gold Huasheng (Sinar Mas) 250 NCR-Papers Nanping Paper Mill 200 Newsprint Vinda Paper 27 Tissue Hengan Holding Company 35 Tissue Source: Business Cycle Report Table 1: High-technology papermaking lines in China in the beginning of 2005, and start up plans
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN:
* Startup and production information for China's most important new projects.
* Details of APP's two newest investment projects.
* Future plans for new capacity in China.
* "China on a hot streak with larger scale, new mills," by H. Oinonen and N. Xiaorong, Solutions!, March 2004. To access this article, type the following Product Code in the search field on www.tappi.org: 04MARSO24.
* "Chinese government funding massive forest products industry expansion," by W. H. Moore, Solutions! Magazine, October 2004, Product Code 04OCTSO08.
* "Looking east," by Alan Rooks Alan Rook edited the 1936 issue of New Oxford Poetry and he was a Cairo poet. After the war, he became a wine-trader. References
1. ^ 
2. , Solutions!, Part 1, October, 2004, Product Code 04OCTSO06; and Part 2, November, 2004, Product Code 04NOVSO04.
* Home page for Asia Pulp and Paper Co., Ltd. (APP): www.asiapulppaper.com
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Nie Xiaorong, Ph.D, is a professor at Nan Chang Science and Technology University in Jiangxi province. She completed her post-graduate degree at the University of Helsinki The University of Helsinki is not to be confused with the Helsinki University of Technology.
The University of Helsinki (Finnish: Helsingin yliopisto, Swedish: Helsingfors universitet , Finland. Contact her by email at firstname.lastname@example.org