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{"text": "Coat-M\u00e9al (en bret\u00f3 Koz-Meal) \u00e9s un municipi franc\u00e8s, situat a la regi\u00f3 de Bretanya, al departament de Finisterre. L'any 2006 tenia 934\u00a0habitants. El consell municipal ha aprovat la carta Ya d'ar brezhoneg.\n\nDemografia\n\nAdministraci\u00f3\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies \n\nMunicipis del districte de Brest", "meta": {"title": "Coat-M\u00e9al", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat-M%C3%A9al", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tenzin Tsundue is een Tibetaans dichter, schrijver en activist. In 2001 won hij de eerste Outlook-Picador Award voor non-fictie. Hij publiceerde drie boeken die werden vertaald in andere talen.\n\nAchtergrond\nZijn ouders ontvluchtten Tibet tijdens de Tibetaanse diaspora. Bij aankomst in India in 1959 werkten ze eerst in de wegenbouw van bergwegen in Masumari, Bir, Kullu en Manali. Honderden Tibetanen die naar India vluchtten kwamen in de eerste tijd om, omdat ze de hitte van de zomer en de vochtigheid van de moesson niet konden verdragen. Het kamp van de wegenbouw trok verder en ergens onderweg werd Tenzin Tsundue langs de kant van de weg geboren in een noodtent. Zijn geboortedatum is niet bevestigd en er bestaan drie verschillende registraties van. Hij ging naar school in Dharamsala en ging naar de universiteiten van Chennai en Mumbai.\n\nWerk\nZijn eerste boek, Crossing the Border, gaf hij uit met behulp van geld dat hij van medestudenten gekregen en geleend had, terwijl hij zijn voor zijn master studeerde aan de Universiteit van Mumbai. In 2001 won hij de eerste Outlook-Picador Award voor non-fictie. Zijn tweede boek Kora werd vertaald naar het Frans en Malayalam. Zijn derde boek, Semshook, is een compilatie van essays over de Tibetaanse vrijheidsbeweging. In 2005 vertegenwoordigde hij Tibet in New Delhi tijdens de tweede Zuid-Aziatische literatuurconferentie.\n\nMedia\nTenzin Tsundue wordt vaak gezien als een opinieleider binnen de Tibetaanse gemeenschap in ballingschap. Geschriften van Tenzin Tsundue verschijnen geregeld in Indiase en internationale tijdschriften en andere media. Hij schreef onder ander voor The International PEN, The Indian PEN, Sahitya Akademi\u2019s Indian Literature, The Little Magazine, Outlook, The Times of India, The Indian Express, Hindustan Times, Better Photography, The Economic Times, Tehelka, The Daily Star (Bangladesh), Today (Singapore), Tibetan Review en Gandhi Marg. In 2002 noemde de Indiase editie van het modeblad Elle hem een van de 50 best geklede mannen van India. Hij is onder meer te zien in de documentaire Tibet: 50 Years After the Fall uit 2009 van het regisseursduo Ritu Sarin en Tenzin S\u00f6nam.\n\nActivisme\n\nVanaf zijn studietijd was Tenzin Tsundue een voorvechter van de onafhankelijkheid van Tibet. Januari 2002 kreeg hij internationale aandacht van de media, omdat hij een banier uitrolde op de veertiende verdieping van het vijfsterrenhotel in Mumbai, toen de Chinese premier Zhu Rongji binnen was. April 2005 herhaalde hij dezelfde stunt, toen premier Wen Jiabao Bangalore bezocht. Hier ontrolde hij een grote rode banier met de tekst Free Tibet terwijl hij riep: \"Wen Jiaboa, you cannot silence us.\"\n\nTenzin Tsundue bracht Indiase bestuurders in verlegenheid en de Indiase politie gelastte hem Dharamsala niet te verlaten tijdens het bezoek van de Chinese president Hu Jintao aan India in november 2006. Sinds 2000 draagt hij een rode band om zijn hoofd waarmee hij wil uitdrukken dat hij werkt aan de vrijheid van zijn land en die hij niet eerder af wil doen dan Tibet vrij is.\n\nUitspraken\nIk ben een verknocht gelover in geweldloosheid.\nWe zijn bereid om te sterven, maar niet bereid om te doden.\nVrijheidsstrijd is mijn leven\n\nBibliografie\nTsundue, Tenzin & Woeser & Jampa & Bhuchung D Sonam & Jane Perkins (2006) Nyima Tsering's Tears\n?: Crossing the Border\n2007: Semshook\n2008: Kora\n\nTibetaans activist\nTibetaans schrijver", "meta": {"title": "Tenzin Tsundue", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenzin%20Tsundue", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kristian Hovde (6 December 1903 \u2013 19 August 1969) was a Norwegian cross-country skier who competed in the late 1920s in the early 1930s.\n\nHe was born in Vikersund.\n\nHovde won a silver in the 18\u00a0km event at the 1931 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships.\n\nAt the 1932 Winter Olympics he finished 13th in the 18 km cross-country skiing event.\n\nCross-country skiing results\nAll results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).\n\nOlympic Games\n\nWorld Championships\n 1 medal \u2013 (1 silver)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1903 births\nNorwegian male cross-country skiers\nOlympic cross-country skiers of Norway\nCross-country skiers at the 1932 Winter Olympics\n1969 deaths\nFIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in cross-country skiing\nPeople from Modum\nSportspeople from Viken (county)\n20th-century Norwegian people", "meta": {"title": "Kristian Hovde", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian%20Hovde", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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{"text": "Cochliomyia macellaria, also known as the secondary screwworm, is a species of blow fly in the family Calliphoridae. These screwworms are referred to as \"secondary\" because they typically infest wounds after invasion by primary myiasis-causing flies. While blow flies may be found in every terrestrial habitat, C. macellaria is primarily found in the United States, American tropics, and sometimes southern Canada. They are most common in the southeastern United States in states like Florida. C. macellaria have a metallic greenish-blue thorax and a red-orange head and eyes. These adult blowflies range from 5\u20138\u00a0mm in size. \n\nSince the fly larvae infect the wounds and dead tissue of animals, these flies pose a grave medical and economic risk to humans and livestock. C. macellaria are attracted to carrion and garbage and are often found in slaughterhouses and outdoor markets in the tropics. While these flies carry many various types of Salmonella and viruses like the swine influenza, C. macellaria can also serve as important decomposers in our ecosystem.\n\nDescription\nCochliomyia macellaria are classified as intermediate sized flies with a dull or bright metallic, blue-green coloration. On their thorax, there are three black longitudinal stripes that interrupt the blue-green color. The eye and head of these flies are orange-red in color. C. macellaria also has pale setae on the fronto-orbital plate outside of the frontal bristles. On C. macellaria the frontal row of bristles extend anteriorly to the base of the first antennal segment and consist of 12-14 bristles. The legs of the fly are orange brown to dark brown, and the coxae are orange brown to black with a green metallic luster. C. macellaria possess a dark reddish brown anterior femur and an orange-red anterior tibia. The anterior tibia also has four short bristles that are placed on the dorsal side. The color of the wings of the fly is orange brown tint towards the base. On these wings, the veins in the fly are orange brown to dark brown. The costal sessions 2 to 6 are in the proportions 78:56:96:30:6:6. The first genital section is black with a metallic green luster. On the fly, the scattered setae and a defined marginal row of bristles; the second segment is smaller with a dark brown to black tint with scattered setae.\n\nDistinguishing features\nCochliomyia macellaria is closely related to C. hominivorax but can be distinguished from C. hominivorax in three primarily ways: two of which are seen in adults and one which is seen in the larvae. In adults, the hairs on the fronto-orbital plate are black in C. hominivorax, but are pale in C. macellaria. Additionally, the central black stripe on the thorax extends only slightly in front of the mesonotal suture in C. hominivorax and well in front of the suture in C. macellaria. C. macellaria larvae, unlike like C. hominivorax larvae, do not have pigmented tracheal trunks but instead have V-shaped spines on the anal protuberance. C. macellaria also does not have an oral sclerite.\n\nDistribution and territory\nCochliomyia macellaria is most often found in the southeastern part of the United States, in states like Florida, Louisiana, and Georgia. Despite the high concentration in these states, these flies have been found as far north as Southern Canada and as south as the Neotropics, with the exclusion of countries like Chile and Argentina. While they have been found in this large expanse of areas, they have been shown to thrive most in warm and humid areas like the Southern United States, Caribbean Islands, Central America, and northern South America. In these areas, the population size typically increases during periods of extended rainfall.\n\nThe territories of these blowflies are relatively small, especially during the time of mating. In this period, these flies will stay within a couple meters of one another.\n\nLife cycle and history\n\nThe average life span of an adult C. macellaria is 2\u20136 weeks. In this time period, the females try to increase the chances of producing as many surviving offspring as possible. In a lifetime, C. macellaria may lay up to 1000 or more eggs. These eggs are typically laid in groups of 40 to 250. Females may also lay their eggs with other females, leading to an accumulation of thousands of eggs.\n\nEggs\nThe eggs of C. macellaria are laid in large groups (40\u2013250 eggs at one time) and typically hatch in about 24 hours. The time taken for eggs to hatch often depends on moisture, temperature, and precipitation. In favorable conditions, the eggs may hatch in just four hours. These eggs are about 1\u00a0mm long and appear white to pearl white in color.\n\nLarvae\nThe larval stage of C. macellaria is referred to by the common name of secondary screwworms; this is due to the presence of small spines on each body segment that resemble parts of a screw. The larval stage of C. macellaria immediately follows the egg stage and is typically broken down into three substages or instars. Upon hatching, the larve appear a cream color, have cylindrical bodies with 10 or more spines around the spiracular area, possess incomplete peritremes (an indistinct or absent button), and have bands of small spines on each segment. C. macellaria, unlike like C. hominivorax, do not have pigmented tracheal trunks; instead, they have V-shaped spines on the anal protuberance. C. macellaria also does not have an oral sclerite.\n\nCochliomyia macellaria larvae will feed on the decaying flesh of the animal that they have been laid on until they reach maturity. This stage of maturity is during the third instar and by this time point, the larvae may be as long as 17\u00a0mm. The entire larval stage is about four to seven days long, and afterwards, the larvae fall off the food source to pupate in the top layer of the soil.\n\nPupae\nThe C. macellaria larvae will typically burrow underneath the top layer of soil, leaves, garbage and begin to pupate there. During this stage, the outer layer begins to turn brown from the cream white that it used to be. The outer skin will begin to shrink and harden while the pupa develops entirely in the hardened shell. Based on the temperature, the length of this stage will vary greatly. In warmer temperatures, the stage may last as short as seven days, but in colder temperatures, it may last as long as two months.\n\nAdults\nAdult C. macellaria are considered to be medium-sized flies because they are about 6 to 9\u00a0mm in size and appear bright metallic blue-green to blueish purple in color. These adults typically spend one to two days maturing after leaving the pupae stage. Within four days of emerging from the pupa stage, the adult C. macellaria become sexually mature and start looking for mates. The males will typically mate rapidly and will spend most of their time eating nearby vegetation and nectar from flowers. The females, on the other hand, will feed on the fluids of live wounds from animals. Contrary to the males, the females will travel long distances to find mates.\n\nFood resources\n\nDepending on the gender and stage in their development, C. macellaria will utilize different resources for energy and nutrients. During the larval stage, the C. macellaria will dig deeper into the necrotic wounds of their host animal and feed on the dead tissue. Both males and females will feast through this method. This time period is extremely crucial to the flies, as they must gather enough nutrients in order to last through the pupal stage without any food sources. This is one reason why the larvae are much larger than the size of the adult C. macellaria.\n\nAs adults, the food specifications of the flies change. Female flies will continue to feed on tissues of animals; however, now they preferentially feed off of live tissue and tissue plasma. Males, at this point, will no longer consume tissue, but instead will eat nearby vegetation and intake nutrients from the nectar of flowers.\n\nMating\nAlthough there are few studies on the mating patterns of C. macellaria, there is some information on the interactions between the males and females. Adult female C. macellaria have been observed to will release pheromones that will stimulate the males copulatory attempts on contact. Even though depriving the C. macellaria adults of dietary proteins did not impact the potency of the female extracts, there was a reduced response in males for the pheromones.\n\nParental care\n\nMale C. macellaria do not provide parental care. The males will typically mate quickly and have the females bear the young. Since the females lay so many eggs, there is little care provided by the actual mothers after laying the eggs. The females do strategically lay the eggs in dead skin flesh so that once the eggs hatch into larvae, nutrition will be readily available.\n\nSocial behavior\nTraditional social behavior like lekking has not been observed in C. macellaria; however, other social behaviors have been observed.\n\nEgg laying\n\nIt is common for female C. macellaria to lay eggs with other females. Since females may lay up to 250 eggs, it is common for aggregations of thousands of eggs to infest entire animal carcasses.\n\nPheromone selectivity\nWhile C. hominivorax is closely related to C. macellaria, there are evolutionary developed methods that lead to reproductive isolation. One of these mechanisms is the interspecies response to the C. macellaria female pheromone. Studies on newly colonized C. hoinivorax males have demonstrated that the males do not response to the C. macellaria pheromone.\n\nEnemies\n\nLarval predation\nWhen studying the larval dispersal and predation for C. macellaria, studies have shown that there is interspecies competition and predation. It has been demonstrated that C. albiceps larvae attack C. macellaria larvae during their dispersal process. Additionally, C. macellaria showed higher aggregation level in single than in double species. This may be explained by an evolutionary mechanism used to conserve and protect C. macellaria from predation.\n\nHuman depredation\nDue to the medical and economic impact of the C. macellaria and other blowflies, an array of pesticides have been developed to reduce the C. macellaria population, including pyrethrin aerosol.\n\nMimicry and protective coloration\n\nWhile there are theories for protective coloration, there is no clear mimicry done by C. macellaria or by other insects specifically mimicking C. macellaria. The metallic green coloration may be a form of warding off predators, but this still in the process of being analyzed.\n\nImpact\n\nMedical\nCochliomyia macellaria has extensive medical and economic implications. When C. macellaria larvae infest the dead and decaying tissues of animals or humans, myiasis may often occur. Once infestation occurs, a dark brown discharge will start to leaking from the wound. As the infestation increases, there is more agitation and inflamed tissue, which is accompanied by unpleasant smells. After the process of clinical diagnosis begins and the myiasis is recognized, then the larvae are easier to identify. Treatment of these infestations can be time intensive and leads to increased chances of reoccurrences. The first step is manual removal of the larvae followed by an antibiotic smear.\n\nEconomic\nThe livestock industry considers the secondary screwworm an important pest because of the enormous economic losses caused by cases of myiasis and disease transmission. The medical and pesticide treatment costs the United States millions of dollars annually.\n\nForensic importance\n\nCochliomyia macellaria is the most common species of blow flies found on carrion in the southern United States.  C. macellaria has recently gained recognition in forensic entomology because of its occurrence on decomposing remains.  Since the analysis of the succession and occurrence has been well defined, it is possible to create postmortem interval estimations, which are crucial for forensic entomology. Adult C. macellaria in the southeastern United States are only attracted to the dead tissue on animals minutes after the death. In other regions of the United States, the adult flies are attracted to the dead flesh after a 24-hour delay.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links\n \n\nCalliphoridae\nArticles created by Qbugbot\nInsects described in 1775\nTaxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius\nDiptera of North America\nInsects of the United States", "meta": {"title": "Cochliomyia macellaria", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochliomyia%20macellaria", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Opalenica \u2013 dawna gromada, czyli najmniejsza jednostka podzia\u0142u terytorialnego Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej w latach 1954\u20131972.\n\nGromady, z gromadzkimi radami narodowymi (GRN) jako organami w\u0142adzy najni\u017cszego stopnia na wsi, funkcjonowa\u0142y od reformy reorganizuj\u0105cej administracj\u0119 wiejsk\u0105 przeprowadzonej jesieni\u0105 1954 do momentu ich zniesienia z dniem 1 stycznia 1973, tym samym wypieraj\u0105c organizacj\u0119 gminn\u0105 w latach 1954\u20131972.\n\nGromad\u0119 Opalenica z siedzib\u0105 GRN w mie\u015bcie Opalenicy (nie wchodz\u0105cym w sk\u0142ad gromady) utworzono 31 grudnia 1971 w powiecie krotoszy\u0144skim w woj. pozna\u0144skim z obszar\u00f3w zniesionych gromad Opalenica-Wsch\u00f3d i Opalenica-Zach\u00f3d w tym\u017ce powiecie; r\u00f3wnocze\u015bnie do nowo utworzonej gromady Opalenica w\u0142\u0105czono miejscowo\u015bci Bukowiec Stary i Pora\u017cyn-stacja ze zniesionej gromady Bukowiec tam\u017ce.\n\n1 stycznia 1972 do gromady Opalenica w\u0142\u0105czono cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 wsi Bia\u0142awie\u015b o nazwie Pora\u017cyn-Tartak z gromady Grodzisk Wielkopolski w tym\u017ce powiecie\n\n1 stycznia 1973 w powiecie nowotomyskim reaktywowano zniesion\u0105 w 1954 roku gmin\u0119 Opalenica.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nOpalenica", "meta": {"title": "Opalenica (gromada)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opalenica%20%28gromada%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Coleophora setipalpella \u00e9 uma esp\u00e9cie de mariposa do g\u00eanero Coleophora pertencente \u00e0 fam\u00edlia Coleophoridae.\n\nBibliografia \n Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS) (2008): Australian Faunal Directory \u2014 Coleophoridae.\n Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004): Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species \u2014 Coleophora.\n Savela, Markku (2010): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms \u2014 Coleophoridae.\n Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) (2009): Coleophoridae.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n Natural History Museum Coleophoridae\n\nColeophora", "meta": {"title": "Coleophora setipalpella", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleophora%20setipalpella", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Los Machucambos sind eine Band, die sich im August 1959 im Pariser Quartier Latin gr\u00fcndete und die vor allem in den 1960er Jahren in Europa und in den USA gro\u00dfen Erfolg mit ihren Boleros, Cha-Cha-Chas, Rumba- und Merengue-Liedern hatte. \n\nDas Trio nannte sich urspr\u00fcnglich  Los Acapulcos. Der Name Los Machucambos entstammt dem s\u00fcdamerikanischen G\u00fcrteltier, dessen Schale zur Herstellung der Charango ben\u00f6tigt wird.\n\nVon der Originalformation mit der Costa-Ricanerin Julia Cortes, dem Spanier Rafa\u00ebl Gayoso und dem Peruaner Romano Zanotti sind noch die beiden Musiker und S\u00e4nger Gayoso und Zanotti dabei, zusammen mit zwei S\u00e4ngerinnen, die seit den 1970er Jahren dazugekommen sind: Mariana Gilbert und Maria Licata.\n\nDie Formation ver\u00f6ffentlichte bisher 19 Alben und 9 Kompilationen, zuletzt mit dem Titel Pepito im Jahre 2009.\n\nDiskografie\n\nAlben\n\nSingles\n\nWeblinks\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nFranz\u00f6sische Band", "meta": {"title": "Los Machucambos", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los%20Machucambos", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El torillo moteado (Turnix maculosus) es una especie de ave charadriforme de la familia Turnicidae que habita en Ocean\u00eda.\n\nDistribuci\u00f3n  \n\nSe extiende por las islas menores de la Sonda, C\u00e9lebes, algunas Molucas, el norte y este de Australia, Nueva Guinea, las islas Bismarck y las Salom\u00f3n.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\nmaculosus\nAves de Australasia\nAnimales descritos en 1815\nTaxones descritos por Coenraad Jacob Temminck", "meta": {"title": "Turnix maculosus", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnix%20maculosus", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Acanthoscurria natalensis \u00e4r en spindelart som beskrevs av Chamberlin 1917. Acanthoscurria natalensis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Acanthoscurria och familjen f\u00e5gelspindlar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nF\u00e5gelspindlar\nnatalensis", "meta": {"title": "Acanthoscurria natalensis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthoscurria%20natalensis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 (\u0410\u041e\u041c) ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0439 (\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0439) \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0456.\n\n\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \n\u0417\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e 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\u041c\u041d-14, \u041c\u041d-17, \u0415\u041c\u0423-10\u00a0\u2014 \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044c. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u041c\u041d-8 \u043c\u0430\u0454 80 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432 \u0456 28 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432; \u041c\u041d-14\u00a0\u2014 360 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432, 92 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 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\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432. \u0423 \u041c\u041d-14 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0444\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438. \u0415\u041c\u0423-10 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0441\u043c\u0443\u0433\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437 \u0442\u0440\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.\n\n\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n Kriloff A., Sur un int\u00e9grateur des \u00e9quations diff\u00e9rentielles ordinaires, \u00ab\u0406\u0437\u0432. \u0410\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u00bb, 1904, \u0441. 5, \u0442. 20 \u2116\u00a01;\n \u0413\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043c\u0430\u0445\u0435\u0440 \u041b. \u0406., \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0456, \u041c.\u00a0\u2014 \u041b., 1949; \u0422\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u0412 \u0421., \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u0456\u0457, \u0441\u0442 1, \u041b., 1961;\n \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043d \u0411\u0438. \u042f., \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0447\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457 \u0456 \u0457\u0445 \u0432\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, 2 \u0432\u0438\u0434., \u041c., 1963;\n \u041b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043d \u041b., \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044c \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d, \u043f\u0435\u0440.(\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432.) \u0437 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b., \u041c., 1966;\n \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043d \u0420. \u0410., \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043d \u0422. \u041c., \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0456 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440. \u0437 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b., \u0447. 1\u00a0\u2014 2, \u041c., 1967\u00a0\u2014 68;\n Buvh V. A., The differential analyzer, \u0430 new machine for solving differential equations, \u00abJournal of the Franklin Institute\u00bb, 1931, v. 212 \u2116\u00a010;\n Fifer St., Analogue computation, L., 1961.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n \u0410\u041d\u0410\u041b\u041e\u0413\u041e\u0412\u0410 \u041e\u0411\u0427\u0418\u0421\u041b\u042e\u0412\u0410\u041b\u042c\u041d\u0410 \u041c\u0410\u0428\u0418\u041d\u0410\n\n\u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \n \u0413\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\n \u041a\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f'\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de gymnastique de Caen est un club omnisports fond\u00e9 \u00e0 Caen le  par Armand Paris. C'est le premier club sportif de la ville.\n\nHistoire \n\nLa Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de gymnastique, de tir, de pr\u00e9paration militaire de Caen est cr\u00e9\u00e9e . Son premier pr\u00e9sident est le d\u00e9put\u00e9 du Calvados Henri Legoux-Longpr\u00e9. Lui succ\u00e8dent messieurs Meunier puis Andr\u00e9 Detolle.\n\nElle est agr\u00e9\u00e9e par le minist\u00e8re de la guerre le  pour la pr\u00e9paration au brevet d'aptitude militaire. Elle compte des \u00e9quipes de gymnastique, de football (couleurs verte et blanche) - qui atteint la finale du championnat de Basse-Normandie en 1919 et de basket. En octobre 1918, des sections football et athl\u00e9tisme sont cr\u00e9\u00e9es. En 1919, une section f\u00e9minine est cr\u00e9\u00e9e.\nEn 1922, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 compte 205 membres dont 60 filles ; dix ans auparavant, elle comptait 150 membres.\n\nSon cinquantenaire est f\u00eat\u00e9 au stade H\u00e9litas le  puis par un banquet \u00e0 l'h\u00f4tel de ville.\n\nPalmar\u00e8s \n\nLa section f\u00e9minine remporte le championnat de France de basket en 1920-1921, le championnat de France de hockey sur gazon en 1922 et s'adjuge en 1920 le record de France de saut en hauteur.\n\nNotes\n\nAnnexes\n\nArticles connexes \n Caen\n\nClub sportif \u00e0 Caen\nSport amateur\nAssociation sportive fond\u00e9e sous la Troisi\u00e8me R\u00e9publique\nClub de gymnastique", "meta": {"title": "Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de gymnastique de Caen", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20de%20gymnastique%20de%20Caen", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Karl Ortlob (auch: Carl Ortlob; * 17. Januar 1628 in Oels; \u2020 17. August 1678 in Breslau) war ein deutscher evangelischer Geistlicher und Kirchenlieddichter.\n\nWerke \n Siebenmahl sieben Geistliche Gedancken in gebundener Rede, 1651\n De variis Germanae Poeseos aetatibus exercitatio, 1657\n\nLiteratur \n \n Hanspeter Marti: Die Geschichte der deutschen Literatur als Thema einer Disputation in der Barockzeit. Die wiederaufgefundene Dissertation des Schlesiers Karl Ortlob (1628\u20131678). In: Wolfenb\u00fctteler Barock-Nachrichten 20/1, 1993, 5\u20139.\n\nKirchenlieddichter\nLutherischer Geistlicher (17. Jahrhundert)\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1628\nGestorben 1678\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Karl Ortlob", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl%20Ortlob", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sydney Cecil Newman, f\u00f6dd den 1 april 1917, d\u00f6d den 30 oktober 1997, var en kanadensisk film- och TV-producent som spelade en stor roll f\u00f6r den brittiska dramaproduktionen under 1950- och 1960-talet. 1970 \u00e5terv\u00e4nde han till Kanada d\u00e4r han fortsatte sin karri\u00e4r.\n\nKarri\u00e4ren i Storbritannien \n\nHan arbetade f\u00f6rst med Associated British Corporation (ABC). D\u00e4refter b\u00f6rjade han 1962 att arbeta f\u00f6r BBC in 1962. Under \u00e5ren i Storbritannien initierade han tv\u00e5 popul\u00e4ra TV-serier, The Avengers och Doctor Who. Han arbetade ocks\u00e5 med socialrealistiska dramaproduktioner s\u00e5som Armchair Theatre och The Wednesday Play.\n\nKarri\u00e4ren i Kanada \n\nEfter \u00e5terkomsten till Kanada fick han en ledande tj\u00e4nst vid Canadian Radio and Television Commission (CRTC). D\u00e4refter arbetade som ledare f\u00f6r National Film Board of Canada (NFB). Han innehade ocks\u00e5 ledande positioner vid Canadian Film Development Corporation och Canadian Broadcasting Corporation och var r\u00e5dgivande till Secretary of State for Canada.\n\nReferenser \n\nM\u00e4n\nF\u00f6dda 1917\nAvlidna 1997\nKanadensiska TV-producenter", "meta": {"title": "Sydney Newman", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney%20Newman", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lu\u00eds Oliveira (* 24. M\u00e4rz 1969 in S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, Maranh\u00e3o, Brasilien), mit vollem Namen Lu\u00eds Airton Barroso Oliveira, ist ein ehemaliger brasilianisch-belgischer, offensiver Fu\u00dfballspieler, der die meiste Zeit seiner bisherigen Laufbahn in Italien spielte. Nach dem Ende seiner aktiven Karriere startete er eine Laufbahn als Fu\u00dfballtrainer.\n\nKarriere\n\nIm Verein \nOliveira begann seine Laufbahn als Jugendspieler beim brasilianischen Klub Tupan, wechselte aber schon als Sechzehnj\u00e4hriger 1985 nach Belgien in die Jugendabteilung des RSC Anderlecht. 1988 gelang ihm der Sprung in den Profikader des Br\u00fcsseler Vorortvereins, mit dem er 1991 Belgischer Meister wurde. 1992 zog es ihn nach Italien, wo er bis heute lebt und Fu\u00dfball spielt.\n\nSeine erste Station dort war der sardische Serie-A-Verein Cagliari Calcio. Die Jahre 1996 bis 1999 sahen ihn dann bei der Fiorentina, bevor er noch einmal f\u00fcr eine Saison nach Cagliari zur\u00fcckkehrte. Nach einer weiteren Spielzeit beim FC Bologna war seine Laufbahn in der Serie A beendet und Oliveira heuerte f\u00fcr die Saison 2001/2002 beim Serie-B-Verein Como Calcio an, mit dem er als Erstplatzierter der Serie B den Aufstieg in die Serie A erreichte. Oliveira aber verlie\u00df Como zum Ende der Saison, um in der Folgezeit f\u00fcr die Vereine Catania (Serie B, 2002\u20132004), Foggia (Serie C1, 2004/2005), Venezia (Serie B, 2005) und AS Lucchese Libertas (Serie C1, 2005/2006) zu spielen.\n\n2006 kehrte er in seine Wahlheimat Sardinien zur\u00fcck, wo er in der bis 2008 f\u00fcr Nuorese Calcio in der Serie C2 spielte. Nach weiteren Stationen bei FBC Derthona und Muravera beendete er 2011 seine Karriere als Aktiver, nachdem er zwischenzeitlich 2010 bereits als Spielertrainer bei Muravera im Einsatz war. 2012 wurde er als neuer Cheftrainer des unterklassigen Klubs vorgestellt.\n\nIn der Nationalmannschaft \nNach seiner Einb\u00fcrgerung in Belgien absolvierte er zwischen 1992 und 1999 31 Spiele f\u00fcr die belgische Nationalmannschaft und erzielte dabei 7 Tore. 1998 war er Weltmeisterschaftsteilnehmer, die belgische Mannschaft schied aber schon in der Vorrunde nach drei Unentschieden mit drei Punkten als Gruppendritter aus.\n\nErfolge \n 1991: Belgischer Meister mit dem RSC Anderlecht\n 1998: Weltmeisterschaftsteilnahme mit der belgischen Nationalmannschaft\n 2002: Aufstieg in die Serie A mit Como Calcio\n\nWeblinks \n Karrierestatistik bei tuttocalciatori.net\n \n Lu\u00eds Oliveira in der Datenbank des belgischen Fu\u00dfballverbands (englisch)\n\nFu\u00dfballnationalspieler (Belgien)\nTeilnehmer an einer Fu\u00dfball-Weltmeisterschaft (Belgien)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (Brasilien)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (AC Florenz)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (Cagliari Calcio)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (Como 1907)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (Catania Calcio)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (FC Bologna)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (Foggia Calcio)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (AC Venedig)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (AS Lucchese Libertas)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (FBC Derthona)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (RSC Anderlecht)\nFu\u00dfballtrainer (Italien)\nBelgier\nBrasilianer\nGeboren 1969\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Lu\u00eds Oliveira", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs%20Oliveira", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Timmins\u2014Baie James est une circonscription \u00e9lectorale f\u00e9d\u00e9rale et provinciale en Ontario (Canada).\n\nCirconscription f\u00e9d\u00e9rale \n\nLa vaste circonscription est constitu\u00e9e du quart nord-est de la province longeant les c\u00f4tes de la baie d'Hudson et la baie James, englobant des parties des districts territoriaux de Kenora, Cochrane et Timiskaming. Les villes principales sont Timmins et Kirkland Lake.\n\nLes circonscriptions limitrophes sont Kenora, Thunder Bay\u2014Superior-Nord, Algoma\u2014Manitoulin\u2014Kapuskasing, Nickel Belt, et Nipissing\u2014Timiskaming, ainsi que les circonscriptions f\u00e9d\u00e9rales d'Abitibi\u2014T\u00e9miscamingue, Abitibi\u2014Baie-James\u2014Nunavik\u2014Eeyou et Nunavut.\n\nR\u00e9sultats \u00e9lectoraux\n\nSource : \u00c9lections Canada \u2013 Candidats confirm\u00e9s dans Timmins\u2014Baie James (2015)\n\nSource : \u00c9lections Canada\n\nHistorique\nLa circonscription de Timmins\u2014Baie James a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1996 \u00e0 partir des circonscriptions de Cochrane\u2014Superieur et de Timiskaming\u2014Cochrane.\n\nCirconscription provinciale\n\nComme partout en Ontario, les circonscriptions provinciales se sont accord\u00e9es avec les f\u00e9d\u00e9rales depuis les \u00e9lections provinciales du .\n\nCirconscription f\u00e9d\u00e9rale en Ontario", "meta": {"title": "Timmins\u2014Baie James", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timmins%E2%80%94Baie%20James", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fujio Yamamoto (jap. , Yamamoto Fujio; * 27. Mai 1966 in der Pr\u00e4fektur Kanagawa) ist ein ehemaliger japanischer Fu\u00dfballspieler.\n\nKarriere \nYamamoto erlernte das Fu\u00dfballspielen in der Schulmannschaft der Odawara High School und der Universit\u00e4tsmannschaft der Universit\u00e4t Tsukuba. Seinen ersten Vertrag unterschrieb er 1990 bei Mitsubishi Motors. Der Verein spielte in der h\u00f6chsten Liga des Landes, der Japan Soccer League. Mit Gr\u00fcndung der Profiliga J.League 1992 und der damit verbundenen Neuorganisation des japanischen Fu\u00dfballs wurde der Mitsubishi Motors zu Urawa Reds. F\u00fcr den Verein absolvierte er f\u00fcnf Erstligaspiele. 1993 wechselte er zum Zweitligisten NKK SC. F\u00fcr den Verein absolvierte er 14 Spiele. 1994 wechselte er zum Erstligisten Bellmare Hiratsuka. 1994 gewann er mit dem Verein den Kaiserpokal. F\u00fcr den Verein absolvierte er 27 Erstligaspiele. Ende 1996 beendete er seine Karriere als Fu\u00dfballspieler.\n\nErfolge \nBellmare Hiratsuka\n Kaiserpokal\n Sieger: 1994\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n\nFu\u00dfballspieler (Urawa Red Diamonds)\nFu\u00dfballspieler (Shonan Bellmare)\nJapaner\nGeboren 1966\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Fujio Yamamoto", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujio%20Yamamoto", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tylorrhynchus chinensis \u00e4r en ringmaskart som beskrevs av Grube 1868. Tylorrhynchus chinensis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Tylorrhynchus och familjen Nereididae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nHavsborstmaskar\nchinensis", "meta": {"title": "Tylorrhynchus chinensis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylorrhynchus%20chinensis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Xiamiangao \u00e4r en sockenhuvudort i Kina. Den ligger i provinsen Shanxi, i den norra delen av landet, omkring 180 kilometer norr om provinshuvudstaden Taiyuan. Antalet inv\u00e5nare \u00e4r . Befolkningen best\u00e5r av  kvinnor och  m\u00e4n. Barn under 15 \u00e5r utg\u00f6r  %, vuxna 15-64 \u00e5r  %, och \u00e4ldre \u00f6ver 65 \u00e5r  %.\n\nRunt Xiamiangao \u00e4r det ganska t\u00e4tbefolkat, med  inv\u00e5nare per kvadratkilometer. N\u00e4rmaste st\u00f6rre samh\u00e4lle \u00e4r Dongshentou,  km s\u00f6der om Xiamiangao. Trakten runt Xiamiangao best\u00e5r i huvudsak av gr\u00e4smarker.\n\nGenomsnittlig \u00e5rsnederb\u00f6rd \u00e4r  millimeter. Den regnigaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r juli, med i genomsnitt  mm nederb\u00f6rd, och den torraste \u00e4r januari, med  mm nederb\u00f6rd.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nOrter i Shanxi\nWP:Projekt Kina", "meta": {"title": "Xiamiangao (sockenhuvudort i Kina, Shanxi Sheng, lat 39,50, long 112,51)", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiamiangao%20%28sockenhuvudort%20i%20Kina%2C%20Shanxi%20Sheng%2C%20lat%2039%2C50%2C%20long%20112%2C51%29", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Walter Balmer (28. marts 1948 - 27. december 2010) var en schweizisk fodboldspiller (angriber). \n\nBalmer spillede 20 kampe og scorede to m\u00e5l for Schweiz' landshold, som han debuterede for i en venskabskamp mod Tyrkiet 24. september 1969. \n\nP\u00e5 klubplan startede Balmer sin karriere hos FC Thun i sin f\u00f8deby, inden han i 1969 skiftede til FC Basel. Her var han med til at vinde fire schweiziske mesterskaber.\n\nTitler \nSchweizisk mesterskab\n 1969, 1970, 1972 og 1973 med FC Basel\n\nSchweizisk pokal\n 1975 med FC Basel\n\nSchweizisk Liga Cup\n 1972 med FC Basel\n\nReferencer\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n\nFodboldspillere fra Schweiz\nPersoner fra Thun", "meta": {"title": "Walter Balmer", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter%20Balmer", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kazuary (Casuariinae) \u2013 monotypowa podrodzina ptak\u00f3w z rodziny kazuarowatych (Casuariidae).\n\nWyst\u0119powanie \nPodrodzina obejmuje trzy gatunki l\u0105dowe, nielotne, zamieszkuj\u0105ce Now\u0105 Gwine\u0119 i p\u00f3\u0142nocno-wschodni\u0105 Australi\u0119, a tak\u017ce wyspy le\u017c\u0105ce pomi\u0119dzy nimi.\n\nMorfologia \nD\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 cia\u0142a 100\u2013170 cm, masa cia\u0142a 17,6\u201358 kg. Samice s\u0105 wi\u0119ksze i ja\u015bniej ubarwione. Ptaki te charakteryzuj\u0105 si\u0119 znacznymi rozmiarami, ciemnym (czarnym) ubarwieniem, kr\u0119p\u0105 budow\u0105, uwstecznieniem skrzyde\u0142 i kostn\u0105 naro\u015bl\u0105 na czaszce w kszta\u0142cie he\u0142mu. Nogi masywne, z trzema palcami, przy czym \u015brodkowy zaopatrzony jest w pot\u0119\u017cny pazur, kt\u00f3ry jest gro\u017an\u0105 broni\u0105. \n\nPrzez d\u0142ugi czas zastanawiano si\u0119, do czego ptakom s\u0142u\u017cy naro\u015bl na g\u0142owie. Coraz wi\u0119cej dowod\u00f3w wskazuje na to, \u017ce s\u0142u\u017cy ona cz\u0119\u015bciowej regulacji ciep\u0142oty organizmu (w podobny spos\u00f3b dzia\u0142a dzi\u00f3b tukana wielkiego). Inne hipotezy zak\u0142adaj\u0105, \u017ce he\u0142m kazuara mo\u017ce s\u0142u\u017cy\u0107 obronie przed drapie\u017cnikami b\u0105d\u017a urazami od spadaj\u0105cych z drzew owoc\u00f3w. Sugerowano r\u00f3wnie\u017c, \u017ce by\u0107 mo\u017ce odgrywa on jak\u0105\u015b rol\u0119 w zwi\u0119kszeniu zasi\u0119gu oraz wzmocnieniu d\u017awi\u0119k\u00f3w wydawanych przez ptaka. Dot\u0105d jednak jedynie hipoteza dotycz\u0105ca regulacji temperatury organizmu ptaka zyska\u0142a solidniejsze naukowe podstawy.\n\nEkologia \nOd\u017cywiaj\u0105 si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3wnie owocami, uzupe\u0142niaj\u0105c diet\u0119 grzybami, \u015blimakami i ma\u0142ymi kr\u0119gowcami. Jako jedne z nielicznych ptak\u00f3w maj\u0105 genitalia takie jak u ssak\u00f3w i niekt\u00f3rych gad\u00f3w. Zwierz\u0119ta te prowadz\u0105 samotniczy tryb \u017cycia i bardzo aktywnie broni\u0105 swego terytorium, tak\u017ce przed lud\u017ami i gro\u017anymi im drapie\u017cnikami.\n\nSystematyka\n\nEtymologia \n Cela:  kel\u0113s, \u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 kel\u0113tos \u201erumak, ko\u0144 wy\u015bcigowy\u201d, od \u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9 kell\u014d \u201ep\u0119dzi\u0107\u201d. Gatunek typowy: Struthio casuarius Linnaeus, 1758.\n Casuarius (Casearius, Casoaris, Casoarius): malajska nazwa Kasuari dla kazuara he\u0142miastego. \n Cassowara: jak Casuarius. Gatunek typowy: Cassowara eximia Perry, 1811 (= Struthio casuarius Linnaeus, 1758).\n Oxyporus: gr. \u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03c2 oxus \u201eostry, spiczasty\u201d; \u03c0\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 p\u014dros \u201ekostnina\u201d. Nowa nazwa dla Casuaria.\n Thrasys: gr. \u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03c2 thrasus \u201e\u015bmia\u0142y, porywaj\u0105cy, zuchwa\u0142y\u201d. Nowa nazwa dla Casuaria.\n Hippalectryo: gr. \u1f31\u03c0\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c9\u03bd hippalektru\u014dn \u201eko\u0144-kogut\u201d, ba\u015bniowy gryf, od \u1f31\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 hippos \u201eko\u0144\u201d; \u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c9\u03bd alektru\u014dn \u201ekogut\u201d. Gatunek typowy: Casuarius indicus Voigt, 1819 (= Struthio casuarius Linnaeus, 1758).\n\nPodzia\u0142 systematyczny \nDo rodziny nale\u017cy jeden rodzaj i trzy gatunki:\n Casuarius bennetti  \u2013 kazuar mniejszy\n Casuarius unappendiculatus  \u2013 kazuar jednokoralowy\n Casuarius casuarius  \u2013 kazuar he\u0142miasty\n\nPrzypisy", "meta": {"title": "Kazuary", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazuary", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Leucorchestris arenicola ist eine in der namibischen W\u00fcste endemische Spinnenart aus der Familie der Riesenkrabbenspinnen (Sparassidae). Ausgewachsene Tiere erreichen einen Durchmesser von etwa 10 cm und wiegen etwa 5 g. Die hei\u00dfen Sonnenstunden verbringen die Tiere gesch\u00fctzt am Ende von 30\u201340 cm langen Wohnr\u00f6hren unter der Sandoberfl\u00e4che. In den Nachtstunden verlassen sie die Wohnr\u00f6hren zur Nahrungs- und Partnersuche und entfernen sich dabei bis zu 100 Meter von ihrem Standort.\nDie Spinne kommuniziert durch Trommeln der Vorderbeine auf der Sandoberfl\u00e4che und kann diese Vibrationen \u00fcber mehrere Meter weit sp\u00fcren. Die rhythmischen Bewegungen verhalfen Leucorchestris arenicola zu ihrem Trivialnamen Dancing White Lady.\n\nWeitere Arten \nAls White Lady werden noch einige andere Spinnenarten bezeichnet. Oft wird die \u2013 ebenfalls aus der Namib stammende \u2013  Afrikanische Radspinne Carparachne aureoflava neben ihrem \u00fcblichen Trivialnamen Wheel Spider auch (Dancing) White Lady Spider genannt, und in der Terraristik werden auch die Arten der Gattung Cerbalus, die in Nordafrika und dem Nahen Osten vorkommen, als White Lady bezeichnet.\n\nLiteratur \n Hallan, Joel 2006: SYNOPSIS OF THE DESCRIBED ARANEAE OF THE WORLD Texas A&M University Department of Entomology.\n John R. Henschel: Long-distance wandering and mating by the Dancin White Lady Spider (PDF, 306 kB) The Journal of Arachnology 30, S. 321\u2013330, 2002\n Diemut Kl\u00e4rner: W\u00fcstenspinnen - Heimkehr in tiefer Nacht.. In: F.A.Z., 12. September 2006, Nr. 212 / Seite 34\n Senckenberg Naturkundemuseum: W\u00fcstent\u00e4nzern auf der Spur - Riesenkrabbenspinnen in der Namib\n Thomas Norgaard: Nocturnal Navigation in Leucorchestris arenicola, The Journal of Arachnology 33, 553-540\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\nRiesenkrabbenspinnen\nSparassidae", "meta": {"title": "Leucorchestris arenicola", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucorchestris%20arenicola", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Behrouz Rahbar (, 23 September 1945 \u2013 22 March 2019) was an Iranian cyclist. He competed in three events at the 1972 Summer Olympics according to sports-reference.org and according to the-sports.org he rode in addition the men's sprint event. He also won gold medal in the 1974 Asian Games in Tehran.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1945 births\n2019 deaths\nIranian male cyclists\nOlympic cyclists of Iran\nCyclists at the 1972 Summer Olympics\nPlace of birth missing\nAsian Games gold medalists for Iran\nAsian Games bronze medalists for Iran\nAsian Games medalists in cycling\nCyclists at the 1974 Asian Games\nMedalists at the 1974 Asian Games\n20th-century Iranian people", "meta": {"title": "Behrouz Rahbar", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behrouz%20Rahbar", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tetrasarus quadriscopulatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1868.\n\nReferences\n\nAcanthoderini\nBeetles described in 1868", "meta": {"title": "Tetrasarus quadriscopulatus", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrasarus%20quadriscopulatus", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.\n \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430 (\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438) \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e (\u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430) \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\n \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a (\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044c), \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e (\u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430) \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 11-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\n \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044c, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430 (\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438) \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e (\u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430) \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\n \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044c, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e (\u043c\u044f\u0447\u0430) \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430 (\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044f) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430 (\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044f) \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0430\n\u0424\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f", "meta": {"title": "\u0428\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b (\u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%20%28%D1%84%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bleibur\u0161ka tragedija i Kri\u017eni put (vidi terminologiju) su naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i nazivi koji se koriste kako bi opisali doga\u0111anja koja su uslijedila nakon neuspje\u0161nog poku\u0161aja predaje pripadnika pora\u017eenih vojski Savezni\u010dkim Britanskim postrojbama u blizini koru\u0161kog gradi\u0107a Bleiburga u dana\u0161njoj Austriji, neposredno nakon zavr\u0161etka Drugog svjetskog rata. Pripadnici pora\u017eenih vojski su nakon neuspje\u0161nih pregovora s britanskim i partizanskim zapovjednicima bezuvjetno polo\u017eili oru\u017eje na Bleibur\u0161kom polju 15. svibnja 1945. nakon \u010dega su od Britanaca, zajedno s ve\u0107im brojem civila koji su im bili u pratnji, izru\u010deni jedinicama NOVJ, tada ve\u0107 zdru\u017eenim u JNA. Nakon predaje uslijedio je prisilni povratak zarobljenika u Jugoslaviju tijekom kojeg je dio zarobljenika ubijen na podru\u010dju dana\u0161nje Slovenije u masovnim pogubljenjima koja su proveli partizani, dio je ubijen ili je umro od iznemoglosti tijekom dugih mar\u0161eva smrti, a dio je umro kasnije u radnim logorima od raznih bolesti i lo\u0161ih uvjeta \u017eivota. Takvo postupanje partizana prema ratnim zarobljenicima predstavlja najve\u0107i ratni zlo\u010din u razdoblju neposredno nakon rata, a \u010desto se opravdava osvetni\u010dkim, ali i politi\u010dkim motivima koje su partizani pod zapovjedni\u0161tvom KPJ imali. \n\nPo\u010detkom svibnja 1945. osovinski hrvatski i manjim dijelom crnogorski vojnici iz sastava \u010detni\u010dkih postrojbi koje su poslije tzv. Bitke na Lijev\u010da polju u travnju 1945. god. do\u0161li pod zapovjedni\u0161tvo NDH, uz tisu\u0107e pripadnika slovenskih Belogardejaca i ruskih Kozaka iz sastava XV. SS koza\u010dkog konjani\u010dkog korpusa koji je bio stacioniran na podru\u010dju onda\u0161nje Jugoslavije jo\u0161 od 1943., zajedno s velikim brojem civila povla\u010dili su se pred napredovanjem Jugoslavenske armije i Bugarske carske vojske, te su doprli do teritorija Austrije koji je ve\u0107 tada bio pod okupacijom britanskih i ameri\u010dkih snaga kojima su se naumili predati. Suprotno njihovim o\u010dekivanjima, Britanske snage su im zaprije\u010dile put i nalo\u017eile predaju u ruke jugoslavenskih partizana \u0161to su na kraju pora\u017eeni vojnici u bezizlaznoj situaciji i prihvatili te su 15. svibnja 1945. polo\u017eili oru\u017eje na Bleibur\u0161kom polju. Prema slu\u017ebenim izvorima u zavr\u0161nim operacijama rata zarobljeno je ukupno preko 340.000 vojnika Sila Osovine, od \u010dega su oko 120.000 vojnika bili pripadnici kvislin\u0161kih vojski s teritorija biv\u0161e Jugoslavije (usta\u0161e i domobrani iz NDH, \u010detnici s teritorija dana\u0161nje Srbije, Crne Gore i Bosne i Hercegovine te slovenski belogardejci). Nakon zarobljavanja kod Bleiburga, snage Jugoslavenske armije su zarobljene vojnike i civile s Bleiburga povukle dublje na podru\u010dje pod svojom kontrolom, te su veliki broj tih ljudi pobili u masovnim zlo\u010dinima kod Teznog, u Barbarinu rovu, na Ko\u010devskom Rogu, Maceljskoj \u0161umi, te na mnogo drugih manjih strati\u0161ta diljem biv\u0161e Jugoslavije tijekom mar\u0161eva smrti koji su uslijedili nakon predaje partizanskim snagama. \n\nTo\u010dan broj ubijenih u doga\u0111anjima prije i nakon predaje na Bleibur\u0161kom polju ni do danas nije precizno utvr\u0111en. U komunisti\u010dkoj Jugoslaviji nakon rata, pa sve do raspada Jugoslavije, javno se nije govorilo o nikakvim masovnim ubojstvima i drugim zlo\u010dinima koje su u Drugom svjetskom ratu po\u010dinile snage pod kontrolom komunista. Takve teme su bile tabu, a o njima se nije pisalo niti ih se istra\u017eivalo sve do trenutka raspada Jugoslavije. \n\nNajpouzdanije procjene broja \u017ertava, zbog neprovo\u0111enja sveobuhvatnih forenzi\u010dkih istra\u017eivanja, smatraju se one napravljene na osnovu demografskih istra\u017eivanja. Prema istra\u017eivanjima demografa Vladimira \u017derjavi\u0107a koja su provedena i objavljena 1990., nakon osamostaljenja Republike Hrvatske, a \u010dije se procjene do boljeg utvr\u0111ivanja pojedinosti o gubili\u0161tima uzimaju kao najvjerodostojnije, ukupan broj \u017ertava u doga\u0111ajima prije i nakon predaje na Bleiburgu kre\u0107e se oko 65.000 - 67.00 pobijenih, od kojih 45.000 do 55.000 Hrvata i Bo\u0161njaka, 8.000 do 10.000 Slovenaca te oko 2.000 Srba i Crnogoraca. \u017derjavi\u0107 1995. iznosi dodatne procjene kako je 45.000 Hrvata i 4.000 Bo\u0161njaka \u017eivote izgubilo u blizini Bleiburga ili tijekom mar\u0161eva smrti koji su uslijedili nakon predaje. Od Hrvata, \u017derjavi\u0107 navodi da je 11.600 osoba izgubilo \u017eivote u akcijama prije predaje, a 33.300 nakon predaje. Druge procjene svih \u017ertava kre\u0107u se od 35.000 pa \u010dak do prijeko milijun pobijenih (prete\u017eno iz izvora bliskim hrvatskoj emigraciji, tradicionalno sklonom NDH re\u017eimu), a brojne rasprave o razmjerima Bleibur\u0161ke tragedije mjerene u ljudskim \u017eivotima traju i danas. Hrvatska dr\u017eavna komisija za utvr\u0111ivanje ratnih i poratnih \u017ertava 90-ih je poimeni\u010dno popisala 13.300 Hrvata iz Hrvatske i BiH stradalih vezano za Bleiburg, od kojih 11.096 vojnika NDH, te 2.204 \"ostalih ili neidentificiranih\". \n\nStradanje hrvatskih ratnih zarobljenika nakon predaje na Bleiburgu doga\u0111alo se u sklopu postupanja jugoslavenskih snaga s drugim zarobljenim osovinskim vojnicima. Procjenjuje se da je Jugoslavenska armija na kraju II. svjetskog rata zarobila 194.000 njema\u010dkih vojnika, od kojih je pobijeno i od bolesti narednih nekoliko mjeseci pomrlo njih izme\u0111u 80 i 100 tisu\u0107a; jugoslavenski slu\u017ebeni izvori su potom priznavali svega 15.028 njema\u010dkih ratnih zarobljenika pomrlih u jugoslavenskom zarobljeni\u0161tvu.\n\nTerminologija \nZa stradanja zarobljenih vojnika koji su se predali na Bleibur\u0161kom polju ili su se predali ili bili zarobljeni drugdje u podru\u010dju dana\u0161nje Koru\u0161ke, Slovenije i op\u0107enito na granici s Austrijom, gdje su bili zaustavljeni od savezni\u010dke britanske vojske, koriste se mnogi nazivi. Osim naziva Bleibur\u0161ka tragedija, u Hrvatskoj se koriste jo\u0161 i nazivi Kri\u017eni put, Bleibur\u0161ki pokolj, Bleibur\u0161ki masakr, Zlo\u010din u Bleiburgu, Slu\u010daj Bleiburg ili jednostavno Bleiburg. Kriti\u010dari prigovaraju kori\u0161tenju takvih naziva jer povijesni izvori ne pokazuju da je na samom Bleibur\u0161kom polju bilo masovnih likvidacija. Kri\u017eni put je tako\u0111er naziv za mar\u0161eve smrti koji su uslijedili nakon predaje pora\u017eene vojske NDH na Bleiburgu.\n\nU literaturi na engleskom jeziku koristi se \u010desto termin \"Bleiburg repatriations\" (\"Bleibur\u0161ke repatrijacije\"), koji naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e uklju\u010duje dio doga\u0111aja koji je klju\u010dan za ulogu britanskih snaga i zapovjedni\u0161tava, a manje se bavi onim \u0161to je nakon predaje vojnika na Bleiburgu uslijedilo. U Sloveniji se doga\u0111aji iz svibnja 1945. nazivaju Vetrinjska tragedija, po slovenskom nazivu za austrijski gradi\u0107 Viktring gdje je bio smje\u0161ten jedan od zarobljeni\u010dkih logora pod upravom savezni\u010dkih snaga.\n\nPovijesne okolnosti\n\nSporazum iz Jalte \nNa Konferenciji u Jalti na sovjetskom poluotoku Krimu, 4. velja\u010de 1945. sastali su se Staljin, Roosevelt i Churchill - vo\u0111e najve\u0107ih savezni\u010dkih dr\u017eava antihitlerovske koalicije. Trebalo se dogovoriti o zavr\u0161etku rata i novoj karti poslijeratnog svijeta. Osim o sudbini Njema\u010dke i odluci da se svi raseljeni ljudi podrijetlom iz SSSR-a moraju vratiti ku\u0107i - uklju\u010duju\u0107i tu i one koji su se tijekom rata borili protiv SSSR-a. O stanovnicima podru\u010dja Jugoslavije koji su se borili na strani sila Osovine nije se u Jalti ni\u0161ta odlu\u010dilo, pa je u primjenu dolazila \u017denevska konvencija o postupanju s ratnim zarobljenicima iz 1929. god., koje su propisivale da ratne zarobljenika valja za\u0161tititi \"od djela nasilja\", te prema kojima povratak zarobljenika u zemlju iz koje su do\u0161li predstavlja pravo zarobljenika, a ne njegovu obvezu. \n\nStaljin i Churchill su se u pogledu Jugoslavije bili dogovorili da na tom prostoru utjecaj zapada i istoka bude pola-pola, tj. o nastavku procesa dogovaranja izme\u0111u jugoslavenskih komunista i gra\u0111anskih snaga koji je bio ozna\u010den Sporazumima Tito-\u0160uba\u0161i\u0107 iz 1944. godine. Me\u0111utim su Tito i Staljin vodili ra\u010duna, kako da onemogu\u0107e obnovu starog poretka u Jugoslaviji i uspostave ondje komunisti\u010dku vladavinu.\n\nJugokomunisti\u010dka masovna ubijanja na podru\u010djima stavljenima pod svoju kontrolu 1944. i 1945. godine \n\u010cim su u snage NOVJ stavile pod snagu podru\u010dja Srbije u rujnu 1944. god., zapo\u010dele su ondje s masovnim ubijanjem osoba ozna\u010denih kao \"neprijatelji\". Strijeljanjima izvan ratnih operacija likvidirano je ondje vi\u0161e desetaka tisu\u0107a ljudi.  Slu\u017ebeni Registar \u017ertava Komisije za tajne grobnice ubijenih posle 12. septembra 1944. pri Ministarstvu pravde Republike Srbije sadr\u017ei (stanje 6. kolovoz 2022.) podatke o 59.554 \u017ertava pobijenih od komunisti\u010dkih vlasti krajem 1944. i tijekom 1945. godine.\n\nUbijanja civila i ratnih zarobljenika uslijedila su tako\u0111er i na podru\u010djima NDH, kako su dolazila pod kontrolu jugoslavenskih komunisti\u010dkih snaga. Tako su u Zagrebu u svibnju 1945. god. pobijeni svi ranjeni i bolesni pripadnici osovinskih vojnika koji su se nalazili na lije\u010denju u bolnicama; popisano je do danas poimeni\u010dno 4.791 tih pobijenih ranjenika i bolesnika.\n\nSusret nadiru\u0107ih savezni\u010dkih snaga u Austriji \nPo\u010detkom travnja 1945. savezni\u010dke armije zapo\u010dele su svoj kona\u010dan masovni napad na njema\u010dke polo\u017eaje u sjevernoj Italiji. Feldmar\u0161al Harold Alexander, vrhovni savezni\u010dki zapovjednik na Sredozemlju hrabrio je svoje armije rije\u010dima: \"\u2026potreban je samo jedan sna\u017ean udarac da ih (Nijemce) se izbri\u0161e zauvijek. Do\u0161ao je tren da krenemo u posljednju bitku koja \u0107e dokraj\u010diti rat u Europi\u2026\". Taj sna\u017ean udarac zapo\u010deo je 9. travnja, kada je Osma armija generala Richarda McCeerya strahovito bombardirala utvr\u0111ene polo\u017eaje njema\u010dke Desete armije, \u010dije je desno krilo dodirivalo Jadran. General von Vietinghoff potpisao je 29. travnja predaju svih snaga pod svojim zapovjedni\u0161tvom, a taj je sporazum stupio na snagu 2. svibnja. Nakon predaje pora\u017eena vojska bje\u017ei prema Austriji. Istodobno napreduju prema Be\u010du i Sovjetske snage. Situaciju dodatno komplicira Tito koji je ve\u0107 u\u0161ao u austrijsku pokrajinu Koru\u0161ku. Sa zapada dolazi u taj dio Austrije britanska Osma armija na \u010dijem se \u010delu nalazio general Sir Richard McCreery. Osma armija bila je sastavljena od dva korpusa: Trinaesti korpus bio je u blizini Titove vojske, a Peti korpus, na \u010delu s generalom Charlesom Keightleyem, okupirao je ju\u017enu Austriju preko jugoslavenske granice na sjeveru.\n\nMasovni bijeg s istoka Europe \nU taj se kraj sljevalo mno\u0161tvo njema\u010dke vojske i Folksdoj\u010dera izbjeglih s istoka Europe, ali i vojne formacije njema\u010dke vojske sastavljene od pripadnika drugih naroda, te pripadnika vojnih formacija s podru\u010dja istoka i jugoistoka Europe koje su se borile na njema\u010dkoj strani. Svi su oni - uz borbe s vojnim formacijama koje su ih progonile - bje\u017eali pred Rusima i jugoslavenskim komunistima, te su jedinu nadu u spas vidjeli u predaji Britancima i Amerikancima.\n\nZavr\u0161ne ratne operacije u Jugoslaviji \n\nUklju\u010divanje pje\u0161adijskih snaga Crvene armije u Beogradsku ofenzivu kao i logisti\u010dka podr\u0161ka zapadnih saveznika dovele su do poja\u010danja partizaniskih ofenzivnih akcija. Do kraja 1944., uz pomo\u0107 Crvene armije, partizani su preuzeli kontrolu na podru\u010dju Srbije, sjeverne Makedonije, Crne Gore i Dalmacije. Njema\u010dke snage, zajedno s Nedi\u0107evcima, pripadnicima srpskih kvislin\u0161kih snaga odanih njema\u010dkom okupatoru, povla\u010dile su se iz Srbije. Wermacht i vojska NDH uspostavili su front u Srijemu kako bi omogu\u0107ili povla\u010denje Grupe E njema\u010dke vojske s Balkana. Nakon \u0161to su preuzeli kontrolu u Srbiji, partizani su po\u010dinili masovna ubojstva ratnih zarobljenika i civila etni\u010dkih Nijemaca - Folksdoj\u010dera. Komunisti\u010dko vodstvo usvojilo je politi\u010dku odluku o progonu iz zemlje njema\u010dke etni\u010dke manjine (\"Folksdoj\u010dera\") koju su smatrali suodgovornom za nacisti\u010dke zlo\u010dine, kao i odluku o konfiskaciji njihove cjelokupne imovine. Zbog toga je Njema\u010dka poku\u0161ala provesti evakuaciju ukupnog njema\u010dkog stanovni\u0161tva iz Jugoslavije u Reich, ali krajem 1944. bilo je jo\u0161 uvijek oko 150.000 Nijemaca u Vojvodini koju su kontrolirali partizani. Do svibnja 1945. ve\u0107ina njih je internirana u preko 40 koncentracijskih logora u regiji u kojima je umrlo oko 46.000 ljudi. \n\nU svibnju 1944. Tito osniva obavje\u0161tajnu slu\u017ebu koju naziva Odjeljenje za za\u0161titu naroda (OZN ili OZNA) koju je ustrojio po uzoru na sovjetski NKVD. OZNA je bila vojna obavje\u0161tajna slu\u017eba i politi\u010dki motivirana tajna policija Komunisti\u010dke partije. U kolovozu 1944. utemeljio je i vojnu postrojbu naziva Korpus narodne obrane Jugoslavije (KNOJ) \u010dija je izri\u010dita zada\u0107a bila sigurnost i za\u0161tita na oslobo\u0111enim teritorijima tj. \"likvidacija \u010detni\u010dkih, usta\u0161kih, bjelogardejskih i drugih antinarodnih bandi\u2026obezbe\u0111enje centralnih organa vlasti\u2026\u010ci\u0161\u0107enje tek oslobo\u0111enog teritorija\".\n\nKako je snaga partizana, koji su narodu pru\u017eali alternativu i za koje se \u010dinilo da rade vi\u0161e u nacionalnom interesu Hrvata, ja\u010dala i kako je raslo nezadovoljstvo s usta\u0161kim i nacisti\u010dkim vlastima, NDH je imala velike probleme prilikom mobilizacije dodatnih vojnih snaga. Kada je u kolovozu 1944 u NDH propao poku\u0161aj dr\u017eavnog prevrata, poznat pod imenom Urota Lorkovi\u0107-Voki\u0107, svi urotnici su uhi\u0107eni i pogubljeni. Njihovi vo\u0111e zagovarali su prelazak NDH na stranu Saveznika. Takva doga\u0111anja dodatno su demoralizirala vojsku NDH, a kako se rat nastavljao stopa dezertiranja je porasla, posebno me\u0111u domobranima, pripadnicima regularne vojske NDH.\n\n30. kolovoza 1944. Tito je ponudio amnestiju hrvatskim i slovenskim domobranima kao i \u010detnicima, ako dezertiraju i priklju\u010de se partizanima do 15. rujna 1944. Nakon 15. rujna, svima koji se nisu priklju\u010dili partizanima \"sudit \u0107e narod\". Na dan isteka ponude za amnestiju, Tito je naredio podre\u0111enima da nastave primati kasne prebjege. Sli\u010dni pozivi ponavljani su i nakon isteka krajnjeg roka prvog ultimatuma iako su poznati i slu\u010dajevi ubojstva hrvatskih domobrana i nakon \u0161to su prebjegli partizanima. Samo dan prije isteka roka Kralj Petar II Kara\u0111or\u0111evi\u0107 pozvao je \u010detnike da se stave pod zapovjedni\u0161tvo partizana nakon \u010dega se veliki broj \u010detnika doista priklju\u010dio partizanima.\n\nU studenom 1944. provedena je reorganizacija vojske NDH kada su pod imenom Hrvatske oru\u017eane snage objedinjeni usta\u0161e i domobrani objedinjeni u jedinstvenu vojsku. Paveli\u0107 je 13. sije\u010dnja 1945. naredio spajanje Hrvatskih domobrana i Usta\u0161ke vojnice i time stvorio jedinstvenu vojsku koja je brojala do 280.000 ljudi, ako se tu ura\u010dunaju i vojne postrojbe sastavljene uglavnom od hrvatskih vojnih obveznika, koje su kao dijelovi Wehrmactha, Njema\u010dke policije u NDH i SS-a bile pod izravnim njema\u010dkim zapovjedni\u0161tvom. Do tada su partizani zarobljene domobrane obi\u010dno ismijavali, poni\u017eavali i nakon toga pu\u0161tali ku\u0107ama ako se nisu htjeli priklju\u010diti revoluciji, ali to se preko no\u0107i promijenilo pa je njihovo zarobljavanje od po\u010detka 1945. zna\u010dilo gotovo sigurnu smrt.\n\nI neki \u010detnici, kao oni iz Dinarske \u010detni\u010dke divizije pod zapovjedni\u0161tvom Mom\u010dila \u0110uji\u0107a, nastavili su sura\u0111ivati sa snagama Osovine. \u0110uji\u0107eve postrojbe borile su se rame uz rame s njema\u010dkom vojskom i usta\u0161ama krajem 1944. u Bitci za Knin protiv partizanskog 8. dalmatinskog korpusa. Bitka je zavr\u0161ila pobjedom partizana, a Dinarska \u010detni\u010dka divizija po\u010dela se povla\u010diti u smjeru Slovenije. Paveli\u0107 je osobno izdao nare\u0111enje o slobodnom prolasku te zloglasne \u010detni\u010dke divizije kroz teritorij pod kontrolom NDH i dao im je precizne naredbe o smjeru kretanja. Kako je predvi\u0111eni smjer kretanja prolazio kroz teritorij pod partizanskom kontrolom, a i zbog toga \u0161to \u0110uji\u0107 nije vjerovao Paveli\u0107u zbog ranijih slu\u010daja ubojstva \u010detnika koji su prolazili kroz NDH od strane usta\u0161a, \u0110uji\u0107 se povla\u010dio alternativnom rutom u dogovoru s lokalnim zapovjednicima Wermachta.\n\nDo po\u010detka 1945. partizanski odredi su se ve\u0107 ujedinili u Jugoslavensku narodnu armiju \u010dijih je 800.000 boraca bilo organizirano u pet korpusa. Njihovo djelovanje bilo je usmjereno na proganjanje ostataka pora\u017eene Njema\u010dke i vojske NDH. U o\u017eujku 1945. 4. korpus JNA napredovao je kroz Liku, Primorje i Kvarner. Najve\u0107i dio Bosne i Hercegovine bio je u partizanskim rukama jo\u0161 od kraja travnja. 12. travnja 1945. napravljen je proboj na Srijemskom frontu \u0161to je ubrzalo povla\u010denje njema\u010dke vojske koja se povla\u010dila s Balkana jo\u0161 od listopada 1944. pa su 1. i 3. korpus JNA po\u010deli napredovati kroz Slavoniju prema zapadu. Pod kontrolom vlasti NDH bio je jo\u0161 samo sjeveroisto\u010dni dio Hrvatske s glavnim gradom Zagrebom. U Zagreb su se slijevale brojne izbjeglice iz svih krajeva NDH koja je bila u raspadu, dok su nadiru\u0107i Partizani provodili osvetu nad zarobljenim pripadnicima HOS-a, kao i nad tisu\u0107ama civila za koje su sumnjali da bi im mogli biti politi\u010dki protivnici. U toj situaciji, poput pripadnika drugih vojski osovine, ni usta\u0161e se nisu namjeravale predati Crvenoj armiji, ali ni jugoslavenskim partizanima - za pripadnike oru\u017eanih snaga NDH i njima sklone civile, predaja zapadnim saveznicima je bila zadnja nada za spas.\n\nPovla\u010denje pora\u017eenih vojski Osovine prema Austriji \nKolaps Srijemskog fronta u travnju 1945. ubrzao je povla\u010denje njema\u010dke vojske pred nadiru\u0107im snagama NOVJ i Crvene armije. Iz straha od odmazde ni usta\u0161e se nisu njima \u017eeljeli predati, ve\u0107 su kroz Sloveniju poku\u0161ali doprijeti do Slovensko-Austrijske granice kako bi se predali Britanskim snagama koje su napredovale sjeverno od Italije. Vlasti NDH planirale su, organizirale i provele masovni zbijeg naroda iako za to nije bilo strate\u0161kih razloga niti je uop\u0107e postojalo ciljno odredi\u0161te koje je bilo u stanju primiti toliki broj izbjeglica. Odluka Vlade NDH o povla\u010denju je donesena 3. svibnja.\n\nPojedinci iz vrha NDH, ali i slovenski kvislinzi, vjerovali su kako \u0107e zapadni Saveznici prihvatiti vojsku u bijegu kako bi im pomogla u borbi protiv komunista i podr\u017eati ih u ponovnom osvajanju vlasti u Hrvatskoj i Sloveniji. Slovenski biskup Gregorij Ro\u017eman molio je Saveznike da okupiraju Sloveniju kako bi sprije\u010dili komuniste da preuzmu vlast u dr\u017eavi. Vodstvo NDH 6. svibnja ukinulo je rasne zakone i poslalo Saveznicima zahtjeve za suradnjom, ali ti poku\u0161aji prelaska na pobjedni\u010dku stranu nisu urodili plodom. Iako je mogu\u0107e kako je vodstvo NDH organiziralo zbijeg civila kako bi potkrijepilo njihove tvrdnje da partizani ubijaju nevine civile, sam broj civila koji se priklju\u010dio zbijegu je usporio povla\u010denje i onemogu\u0107io samu predaju vojske Saveznicima. Ve\u0107ina civila prema izvje\u0161tajima iz tog vremena su ili imali antikomunisti\u010dki svjetonazor ili su se pribojavali komunisti\u010dke osvete. Neki povjesni\u010dari smatraju da je veliki broj civila uklju\u010den u operaciju povla\u010denja kako bi se formirao ljudski \u017eivi \u0161tit koji bi omogu\u0107io usporavanje jugoslavenskog napredovanja i izvla\u010denje dr\u017eavnog vrha na vrijeme.\n\nVlada NDH pobjegla je iz Zagreba 6. svibnja 1945. i do\u0161la nadomak Klagenfurta u Austriji 7 svibnja. Paveli\u0107 je s vojnim vrhom napustio Zapre\u0161i\u0107 7. svibnja u ve\u010dernjim satima s namjerom da se pridru\u017ei ostatku vrha NDH u Austriji. Ve\u0107ina vojnog vrha NDH uspjela je pobje\u0107i prvo u Zapadnu Europu pa onda u Latinsku Ameriku dok su partizani uspjeli zarobiti samo jedan mali dio vi\u0161ih \u010dasnika vojske NDH.\n\nPredaja na Bleibur\u0161kom polju \n\nSjedi\u0161te brigadira Scotta, zapovjednika britanske 38. pje\u0161a\u010dke brigade, bilo je tada u Bleibur\u0161kom zamku, smje\u0161tenom na brijegu koji dominira cijelim gradi\u0107em Bleiburgom.\n\nBli\u017ee gradi\u0107a nalazi se prostrano otvoreno polje ome\u0111eno niskim \u0161umovitim bre\u017euljcima.\n\nPrema tom polju prilazilo je mno\u0161tvo ljudi, njih sad znatno vi\u0161e od sto tisu\u0107a. Ve\u0107inu tih ljudi \u010dinile su hrvatske trupe i civili, koji su kod Dravograda pre\u0161li granicu u nadi da \u0107e mo\u0107i nastaviti dalje na zapad, do Klagenfurta.\n\nNo, sad su im se na tom putu isprije\u010dile trupe brigadira Scotta, dok su se broj\u010dano jake skupine Titovih partizana raspr\u0161ile po \u0161umama i zauzele prijete\u0107e, iako jo\u0161 ne i aktivne borbene polo\u017eaje. Hrvatske su trupe bile naoru\u017eane, a britanski stav je bio nepoznat. Brigadir Scott je zatra\u017eio daljnje upute: \u00bb\u2026Tra\u017eimo da Osma armija hitno odlu\u010di ho\u0107emo li prihvatiti predaju tih snaga ili \u0107emo zahtijevati njihov povratak u Jugoslaviju\u2026\u00bb\n\nScott ubrzo dobiva odgovor i na temelju njega izdaje naredbu za izru\u010denje \u201cJugoslavena\u201c. Skupina vi\u0161ih hrvatskih generala krenula je u pratnji Britanaca na sastanak sa Scottom u Bleibur\u0161ki dvorac. Scott je u dvorcu primio i vo\u0111u partizanskih gonitelja, komesara Milana Bastu (\u00abodlu\u010dnog mladi\u0107a u ranim dvadesetim godinama \u017eeljnog borbe s lo\u0161e naoru\u017eanim i demoraliziranim Hrvatima\u00bb - prisje\u0107ao se Scott). \n\nScott je uspio nagovoriti Bastu kako je najprihvatljivije da uvjeri Hrvate neka odlo\u017ee oru\u017eje i dobrovoljno se predaju. Sljede\u0107i je razgovor Scott vodio s hrvatskim zapovjednikom, generalom Heren\u010di\u0107em, kojeg su Scott i Basta uspjeli prisiliti da prihvati bezuvjetnu predaju (u kojoj vojnici kojima zapovijeda Heren\u010di\u0107 ipak dobivaju status ratnih zarobljenika, koje se ne smije mu\u010diti ni ubijati), premda su Britanci sumnjali da \u0107e se sve rije\u0161iti pravedno kako je i obe\u0107ano.Basta je pregovore zaklju\u010dio ovim rije\u010dima: \u00bbZahtijevamo bezuvjetnu predaju cijele vojske za jedan sat. Ako prihvatite, \u017eene i djeca mogu se vratiti svojim ku\u0107ama. Vojnici i \u010dasnici ostat \u0107e ratni zarobljenici, te \u0107emo ih povesti u Maribor gdje \u0107e im se suditi. Ako ne prihvatite uvjete za petnaest minuta, zapo\u010deti \u0107e op\u0107i napad i vi se ne\u0107ete imati pravo pozivati na me\u0111unarodne konvencije Crvenog kri\u017ea.\u00bb Bitno je napomenuti kako su se pregovori u Bleibur\u0161kom dvorcu odvijali samo usmeno. Nije vo\u0111en nikakav zapisnik niti je potpisan bilo kakav dokument. General Basta uvjerava brigadira Scotta da \u0107e se sa svima koji se vrate u Jugoslaviju postupati ljudski i da se Hrvati nemaju \u010dega bojati.\n\nMakar se Heren\u010di\u0107u ta objava ultimatuma \u010dinila cini\u010dnom prijevarom, ocijeniv\u0161i da nema izbora, Heren\u010di\u0107 je kapitulirao. Heren\u010di\u0107 nare\u0111uje svojim trupama da bace oru\u017eje; sam uspijeva pobje\u0107i dublje u Austriju, i potom u Italiju.\n\nNakon predaje, vojnici i civili vra\u0107eni su na podru\u010dje Jugoslavije. Druge grupe HOS-a, slovenskih domobrana, te srpskih i crnogorskih \u010detnika predavale su se na podru\u010dju Koru\u0161ke tijekom prethodnih dana, a neke manje grupe i nakon 15. svibnja. Jugoslavenska armija je bila prisutna na podru\u010dju austrijske pokrajine Koru\u0161ke do 24. svibnja. Mnogi zarobljeni Hrvati, Slovenci, Crnogorci i Srbi, koji su se prethodnih dana bili predali Britancima ili Amerikancima, bili su smje\u0161teni u zarobljeni\u010dkim logorima u Koru\u0161koj ili u Italiji; ve\u0107ina njih predana je Jugoslaviji, tj. komunisti\u010dkoj vlasti.\n\nObra\u010dun s vojnicima koji su odbili predaju \nFranci Strle, slovenski partizan, novinar te vi\u0111eniji slovenski autor knjiga partizanske tematike u desetlje\u0107ima komunisti\u010dke vladavine, opisuje doga\u0111aje na Bleiburgu u svojoj knjizi \"Veliko finale u Koru\u0161koj\" iz 1977. god. Me\u0111u ostalim, Strle prenosi opis doga\u0111aja u kojem dio opkoljene vojske, pripadnika snaga Osovine, koji su se u velikoj masi nalazili ispod bre\u017euljaka koje su zaposjeli partizani, nisu u roku od 20 minuta koji su im ostavili Britanci istaknuli bijele zastave. Na njih je prema iskazima u Strleovoj knjizi otvorena vatra iz mitraljeza vatra u trajanju od 15 do 20 minuta. Podatke o broju \u017ertava tog masakra Strle ne iznosi. \n\nU knjizi Strle prenosi sadr\u017eaj intervja kojega je u pripremi knjige napravio (i o tome 1974. god. sa\u010dinio magnetofonski zapis) s generalom JNA Mi\u0107om Do\u0161enovi\u0107em, koji je u svibnju 1945. bio na\u010delnik \u0161taba 14. (slovenske) udarne divizije JA, \u010diji se jedan bataljun na\u0161ao na Bleiburgu (\"odbor 14. udarne divizije\" je pokrovitelj objavljivanja te Strletove knjige iz 1977. god.): \n\n\"Na pitanje mo\u017ee li se pucanje na usta\u0161ku kolonu shvatiti kao topni\u010dku pripravu, kako se navodi u knjizi 'Zavr\u0161ne operacije za oslobo\u0111enje Jugoslavije 1944. do 1945.' nasmijao se podrugljivo. 'Bo\u017ee sa\u010duvaj!', \u017eestoko je rekao. 'Nikakve topni\u010dke priprave nije bilo, nikakve. Taj masakr, da ga tako nazovem, u\u010dinili su pu\u0161komitraljezi \u0161arci. Nagla\u0161avam da smo imali idealne polo\u017eaje i malu udaljenost, a pred sobom gomilu. To nije bio borbeni raspored, to je bila gomila zbijenog ljudstva na cesti i blizu cesti, vozilo do vozila i \u010dovjek do \u010dovjeka ...\" \n\nPartizan Jo\u017ee Petrov\u010di\u0107 (kurir u \u0161tabu 14. divizije, koji se vozio uz \u010dasnike JA koji su sudjelovali u pregovorima i naredili otvaranje vatre na \"neprijatelja\") tako\u0111er govori o mitraljeskoj vatri koja je otvorena jer nisu sve postrojbe na Bleibur\u0161kom polju bile izvjesile bijele zastave to\u010dno u od Britanaca zakazanom (kratkom, 20 minuta) vremenu, i iznosi da se \"usta\u0161e\" nisu uop\u0107e branili. Mitraljeska vatra da je trajala \u010ditavih petnaest do dvadeset minuta, nakon \u010dega je glavnina \"usta\u0161a\" istaknula bijele zastave i predala se. Podatak o broju pobijenih u mitraljeskom masakru, F. Strle nije uspio pribaviti.\n\nKri\u017eni put \nMasovne likvidacije izvr\u0161ene su kod Maribora, Celja, Ko\u010devja i drugdje u Sloveniji, a u Hrvatskoj u okolici Krapine, Samobora, Karlovca, Siska, Bjelovara i drugdje. Znatan broj ljudi pomro je od iscrpljenosti i zaraznih bolesti u raznim logorima koje su osnovale komunisti\u010dke vlasti. Masovno stradanje trajalo je od svibnja do kolovoza 1945. godine. Op\u0107a amnestija progla\u0161ena je 3. kolovoza 1945., ali je ubijanja (iako u manjem obimu) bilo i kasnije. Postoje vrlo razli\u010dite procjene broja ubijenih tako da na primjer Hrvatska enciklopedija navodi brojeve od 45.000 do 200.000; Hrvatski obiteljski leksikon od istog izdava\u010da iz 2005. godine govori o nekoliko desetaka tisu\u0107a ubijenih. Najvjerojatniji broj Hrvata koje su pobile snage Jugoslavenske armije, prema stanju istra\u017eivanja 2007., je oko 60.000; daljnjih oko 20.000 je iz redova pripadnika drugih naroda - prvenstveno Slovenaca, Srba i Nijemaca.\n\nOdgovornost Josipa Broza Tita \n\nPitanje odgovornosti Josipa Broza Tita - koji je u vrijeme ovih zlo\u010dina dr\u017eao \u010dvrstu kontrolu nad svim vojnim snagama koje su izvr\u0161ile pokolje - ostaje do danas kontroverzno pitanje u javnom mnijenju: naposljetku do danas (2014. god.) sredi\u0161nji trgovi i najzna\u010dajnije ulice u mnogim hrvatskim gradovima nose njegovo ime. Kako su tijekom jugoslavenske komunisti\u010dke vladavine op\u0107enito skrivani dokazi o Bleiburgu i pokoljima koji su nakon njega uslijedili, tako tada\u0161nja historiografija ba\u0161 ni\u0161ta nije rekla niti o ulozi Josipa Broza Tita u uspostavi brojnih strati\u0161ta za na Bleiburgu i drugim obli\u017enjim mjestima zarobljene vojnike pora\u017eenih vojski i civile koji su ih slijedili na putu prema zapadu: naprosto jugoslavenski histori\u010dari uop\u0107e nisu spominjali bilo koji zlo\u010din kojega su tijekom rata i u pora\u0107u skrivili partizani, Jugoslavenska armija ili bilo koja organizacija jugoslavenske vlasti. U propagandi jugoslavenskog re\u017eima, prikazivalo se da je on nastao na moralno besprijekoran na\u010din, i da njegovo djelovanje nije okaljano ba\u0161 nikakvim moralnim negativnostima. Neki od autora skloni J. B. Titu priznaju danas zlo\u010dine, ali nalaze \"dobre razloge\" da se pristupi masovnom ubijanju: naime da je postojala \"opasnost\" da vojne snage NDH prije\u0111u na stranu zapadnih saveznika, \u010dime bi bila ugro\u017eena obnova Jugoslavije i uspostava komunisti\u010dke vladavine. \n\nVladimir Geiger u vi\u0161e znanstvenih radova ukazuje na Josipa Broza Tita kao naredbodavca zlo\u010dina. Neki drugi autori analiziraju iskaze o\u010devidaca i literaturu iz \"partizanskih\" izvora koji smje\u0161taju Josipa Broza Tita (koji se prema dnevnim izvje\u0161tajima iz \"Vjesnika\" nije u vrijeme pokolja nalazio u Beogradu, nego je obilazio gradove i vojne postrojbe na podru\u010dju sjeverozapada Hrvatske i Slovenije) izravno na strati\u0161ta i u aktivnosti usmjerene na ubijanje tisu\u0107a vojnih i civilnih zarobljenika.\n\nDa je Josip Broz Tito nalo\u017eio ubijanja, iznosi i Simo Dubaji\u0107, major Jugoslavenske armije koji je neposredno organizirao ubijanje barem 23.000 zarobljenika u pokolju na Ko\u010devskom Rogu, te koji je o nizu zlo\u010dina koje je po\u010dinio krajem II. svjetskog rata otvoreno progovorio u svojoj knjizi \"\u017divot, grijeh i kajanje\" iz 2006. godine, a potom i u vi\u0161e intervjua za TV i pisane medije.\n\nTito je 26. svibnja 1945. u govoru pred gra\u0111anstvom okupljenima na Kongresnom trgu u Ljubljani prili\u010dno jasno poru\u010dio: \u201e\u0160to se ti\u010de onih izdajnika koji su se na\u0161li unutar na\u0161e zemlje, u svakom narodu posebice \u2013 to je stvar pro\u0161losti. Ruka pravde, ruka osvetnica na\u0161eg naroda dostigla ih je golemu ve\u0107inu, a samo jedan mali dio uspio je pobje\u0107i pod krilo pokrovitelja izvan na\u0161e zemlje. Ta manjina vi\u0161e nikad ne\u0107e gledati na\u0161e divne planine, na\u0161a rascvjetala polja. Ako bi se to ipak dogodilo, trajat \u0107e kratko.\u201c\n\nDominik Vuleti\u0107 u radu \u201cKazenopravni i povijesni aspekti bleibur\u0161kog zlo\u010dina\u201c pi\u0161e: \u201cOdgovornost zapovjednika i ostalih najodgovornijih \u010dasnika na terenu poput Baste, Ostoji\u0107a ili Dubaji\u0107a nikako se ne smije promatrati izolirano. Oni su bili kota\u010di u velikom represivnom stroju jugoslavenskoga komunisti\u010dkog aparata. Pritom nisu postupali na svoju ruku, bez obzira na to \u0161to su neki od njih poput Baste imali dosta prostora za autonomiju, ve\u0107 su izvr\u0161avali nare\u0111enja i slijedili op\u0107i re\u017eimski smjer najokrutnijeg obra\u010duna s neprijateljem... Organizacija koja je bila zadu\u017eena u najve\u0107oj mjeri za provo\u0111enje totalitarne i represivne politike jest OZNA odnosno Odjeljenje za za\u0161titu naroda. Ta organizacija bila je glavni nositelj i provoditelj zlo\u010dina. OZNA je osnovana odlukom Josipa Broza Tita od 13. svibnja 1944. god. Vrlo brzo stvorena je \u0161iroka mre\u017ea suradnika OZNE sa svim jugoslavenskim postrojbama. Pritom se oslanjalo na vojno ustrojstvo jugoslavenskih snaga gdje je svaka jedinica uz redovnoga vojnog zapovjednika imala i politi\u010dkog komesara. Takvo ustrojstvo preneseno je iz Staljinova modela reorganizacije Crvene armije tridesetih godina... Na \u010delu OZNE nalazio se na\u010delnik koji je bio sve od njezina utemeljenja Aleksandar Rankovi\u0107... Rankovi\u0107 u funkciji na\u010delnika OZNE izravno je podre\u0111en Josipu Brozu Titu i izme\u0111u njih nema posrednika. Govore\u0107i o odgovornosti samog Josipa Broza treba spomenuti da je on u vrijeme bleibur\u0161kih doga\u0111aja te mar\u0161eva smrti koji su uslijedili bio predsjednik Vlade (DFJ), ministar obrane u toj Vladi, generalni sekretar partije (KPJ) te vrhovni zapovjednik svih jugoslavenskih oru\u017eanih snaga (prvo NOVJ a poslije Jugoslavenske armije), dakle de facto i de iure imao je kontrolu nad svim snagama te je bio najodgovornija osoba u zemlji. Jugoslavenske snage koje su sudjelovale u bleibur\u0161kim doga\u0111ajima postupale su po Titovim nare\u0111enjima i bile su pod njegovom kontrolom... O postojanju te kontrole svjedo\u010di i stalna komunikacija izme\u0111u Josipa Broza i zapovjednika III. jugoslavenske armije Koste Na\u0111a... 51. divizija, postrojba koja se na\u0161la u Bleiburgu dio je III. armije... 51. divizija i Milan Basta zajedno s cijelom III. jugoslavenskom armijom dobili su 17. i 18. svibnja nakon izvr\u0161enja bleibur\u0161kih zlo\u010dina i sprovo\u0111enja izru\u010denih vojnika i civila natrag u Sloveniju od samog Tita nove vojne zadatke (jer je bila rije\u010d o najisturenijim jugoslavenskim postrojbama) glede napetosti sa zapadnim saveznicima te su ih odmah izvr\u0161ile. Dakle, ne mo\u017ee biti sumnje da je Josip Broz Tito imao punu efektivnu kontrolu nad postrojbama koje su sudjelovale u zlo\u010dinima.\u201c\n\nOdgovornost Paveli\u0107a i usta\u0161a \nNeki zapadni povjesni\u010dari pi\u0161u da, pored komunisti\u010dkih jugoslavenskih vlasti, Paveli\u0107 i usta\u0161e tako\u0111er snose odgovornost za Bleiburg. Tako npr. \u0161vicarski povjesni\u010dar Michael Portmann pi\u0161e: \u201cOdgovornost za Bleiburg u velikoj mjeri le\u017ei na Paveli\u0107u i samom usta\u0161kom re\u017eimu: krvavi usta\u0161ki teror nad srpskim stanovni\u0161tvom (prisilni prijelazi, protjerivanja i masovna ubijanja), odlu\u010dno savezni\u0161tvo hrvatske dr\u017eave s nacisti\u010dkom Njema\u010dkom i \u2013 posljednje ali ne i najmanje va\u017eno \u2013 kao razloge za doista brutalnu partizansku odmazdu potrebno je navesti naredbu Paveli\u0107a da se ne preda, nego da se u borbi povu\u010de do austrijske granice\". \n\nTomasevich pak ocjenjuje: \"Sada moramo postaviti stvarno fundamentalno pitanje, tj. tko je odgovoran za Bleiburg... O problemu Bleiburga o\u010dito se ne mo\u017ee raspravljati izdvojeno, kao \u0161to to usta\u0161ki i prousta\u0161ki pisci redovno \u010dine. On je tijesno povezan s uspostavom i op\u0107om politikom NDH, s usta\u0161kim terorom usmjerenim protiv srpskoga stanovni\u0161tva, s odlu\u010dnim savezom NDH s nacisti\u010dkom Njema\u010dkom i sa zavr\u0161nim nastojanjima usta\u0161a da pobjegnu i da se pove\u017eu sa Zapadom protiv komunista. Stoga moramo zaklju\u010diti da je odgovornost za Bleiburg kolektivna odgovornost Paveli\u0107a i usta\u0161koga re\u017eima.\" Tomasevich dodaje, o odgovornosti koja stoji na jugoslavenskom komunisti\u010dkom vodstvu: \"Uni\u0161tenje ve\u0107ega dijela kvislin\u0161kih snaga zarobljenih na kraju rata - \u0161to je \u010dinjenica - bio je \u010din masovnoga terora i realizacija okrutne politi\u010dke kon\u00adcepcije, sli\u010dnog onome koji su prakticirale usta\u0161e i \u010detnici tijekom rata.\" Ivo Goldstein pak navodi da je razlika u tome \u0161to su usta\u0161e po\u010dinile genocide, u kojima su masovno ubijani \u017eene, djeca i stariji ljudi, po \u201cgrijehu\u201d ro\u0111enja u drugoj vjeri ili nacionalnosti. Po drugoj strani Bleiburg je bio ratni zlo\u010din ubijanja gotovo isklju\u010divo razoru\u017eanih zarobljenika pora\u017eenih neprijateljskih vojski koje su \u010detiri godine ratovale na strani nacista i fa\u0161ista. \"To nimalo ne anulira zlo\u010din Bleiburga, ali ga \u010dini ipak razli\u010ditim od Jasenovca\".\n\nKontroverze oko uloge savezni\u010dkih vojski u izru\u010denju ratnih zarobljenika vojsci NOVJ \nOkolnosti britanskog izru\u010divanja \u017ertava kod Bleiburga jugoslavenskim po\u010diniteljima dugo su predstavljale dobro \u010duvanu tajnu, o \u010dijim neugodnim detaljima najinformiraniji sudionici trajno \u0161ute, a dokumentacija - makar je rije\u010d o akciji koja uklju\u010duje veliki broj vojnih postrojbi, koje su na dnevnoj bazi stvarale mnogo dokumentacije o vojnim zadatcima, o kretanju postrojbi, o vojnicima, o raspolaganju streljivom, gorivom, hranom i drugim sredstvima i drugim aspektima svojeg djelovanja - je izrazito manjkava. Historiografija me\u0111utim prepoznaje da su se u zbivanjima 1945. na prostoru Austrije dogodile 'dvije kobne pogre\u0161ke' - izru\u010divanje Kozaka Crvenoj armiji, te istovremeno izru\u010divanje \"Jugoslavena\" snagama JA koje su notorno ubijale zarobljene \"kvislinge\". Obje 'kobne pogre\u0161ke' vezane su uz istu osobu, Harolda Macmillana, tada\u0161njeg opunomo\u0107enog ministra pri glavnom \u0161tabu savezni\u010dkih snaga (kasnije promoviran u lorda Stocktona; Macmillan je 1957. godine postao premijerom Velike Britanije).\n\nPrema istra\u017eivanju grofa Tolstoja, bitnu ulogu u provo\u0111enju odluke o izru\u010denju odigrao je Harold Macmillan, tada\u0161nji britanski ministar za Sredozemlje pri glavnom \u0161tabu savezni\u010dkih snaga, kojeg je na to mjesto 1942. god. postavio Winston Churchill. O va\u017enosti te svoje slu\u017ebe Macmillan kasnije govori:\n\nMacmillan, kako se bli\u017eilo prolje\u0107e 1945. godine, postaje sve vi\u0161e zaokupljen problemom odnosa s novim re\u017eimom mar\u0161ala Tita u Jugoslaviji. \u010cetvrtog je svibnja zabilje\u017eio u svoj dnevnik da se \u00abnaglo razvija nova glavobolja - Jugoslavenske armije prodiru u Julijsku krajinu i Austriju - u \u017eestokoj utrci s Osmom armijom\u00bb. Macmillan je bio iskusan politi\u010dki savjetnik War Officea (Britansko ministarstvo rata), te \u010dovjek u izravnom dodiru s premijerom, kabinetom i Foreign Officeom (Britansko ministarstvo vanjskih poslova).\n\nPrije bleibur\u0161ke krize, britanske su snage su prihva\u0107ale predaju manjih vojnih postrojbi koje su dolazile s jugoslavenskog podru\u010dja, a britanski su stra\u017eari sprje\u010davali partizane u njihovim poku\u0161ajima da se dokopaju Hrvata. No, od 15. svibnja nadalje, politika britanskog 5. korpusa prema zarobljenim Hrvatima drasti\u010dno se promijenila. Politika po\u0161tovanja ratnih zakona pretvorila se u politiku suradnje i podr\u0161ke komunisti\u010dkom re\u017eimu.\n\nZaokret je po\u010deo 13. svibnja kada je Harold Macmillan stigao u Glavni sto\u017eer Petog korpusa britanske Osme armije. Macmillan je prije toga 12.svibnja otputovao u sjeveroisto\u010dnu Italiju, u sjedi\u0161te Osme armije, kako bi se s generalom McCreeryjem konzultirao o sve lo\u0161ijim odnosima s Titom. Namjera mu je, navodno, bila obavijestiti McCreeryja o politi\u010dkoj situaciji, te od stru\u010dnjaka na licu mjesta dobiti vojnu procjenu situacije.\n\nU tom trenutku nastaje preokret u Macmillanovu planu. Umjesto da je, kao \u0161to je bilo predvi\u0111eno, otputovao u Napulj, on iznenada avionom dolazi u Austriju. Tamo je proveo dva sata u razgovoru s Keightleyem i suradnicima. Taj susret poznat je pod nazivom Klagenfurtska zavjera. \u0160to se dogodilo na tom sastanku, mo\u017ee se zaklju\u010diti samo iz doga\u0111aja koji su uslijedili, jer Macmillan nikada nije otkrio razloge iznenadne promjene plana glede puta, kao ni teme diskusija koje su vo\u0111ene s Petim korpusom. Prije Macmillanova dolaska zapisi ukazuju da Peti korpus nije imao ni namjeru, ni \u017eelju bilo koga predati. Po povratku u Napulj 14.svibnja Macmillan je uspio uvjeriti Alexanderovog izvr\u0161nog administrativnog \u010dasnika generala Robertsona da izda zapovijed o repatrijaciji Jugoslavenskih dr\u017eavljana jugoslavenskim a Kozaka sovjetskim komunistima.\n\nOdluka Amerikanaca i Britanaca da predaju zarobljenike komunisti\u010dkim saveznicima \nKasno te no\u0107i 14. svibnja ameri\u010dki politi\u010dki savjetnik Kirk - nakon konzultacija s MacMillanom - poslao je svom Ministarstvu u Washington izvje\u0161taj sljede\u0107eg sadr\u017eaja:\n\nRobertson je zapovijed zaklju\u010dio uputom:\n\nKopije zapovijedi poslane su \u0161efu Glavnog sto\u017eera, generalu Morganu, koji je upravo krenuo na du\u017eu misiju u sjevernu Italiju i Austriju.\n\nKirk nije znao da je tog popodneva (14. svibnja) u 14:30 general Robertson ve\u0107 odaslao zapovijed (FX 75383) Petom korpusu, odnosno Keightleyu da se 'Rusi' tj. Kozaci \u0161to hitnije predaju Staljinovim snagama. Ni jedna kopija te zapovijedi nije poslana na znanje Kirku, \u0161to zna\u010di da je cijela akcija provedena bez ameri\u010dkog pristanka. Ta je zapovijed slu\u017eila kao temelj \u010dasnicima Petog korpusa za izvr\u0161enje repatrijacije zarobljenika i izbjeglica, koje su se provodile tijekom cijele druge polovice svibnja. \n\nState Department nala\u017ee Kirku 16. svibnja da ulo\u017ei slu\u017ebeni protest AFHQ-u. Od Glavnog je sto\u017eera, Alexander tra\u017eio daljnje upute i pomo\u0107 pri \u00abkona\u010dnom ra\u0161\u010di\u0161\u0107avanju prenatrpanog ljudstva u ju\u017enoj Austriji. Hitno tra\u017eimo uputstva za kona\u010dno razmje\u0161tanje Jugoslavena i Kozaka. Ako bi ih se vratilo u zemlju podrijetla ,bilo bi fatalno za njihovu dobrobit\u2026\u00bb Ministarstva vanjskih poslova Amerike i Velike Britanije potom se usugla\u0161uju da je najbolje da postrojbe koje se \u017eele predati britanskim i ameri\u010dkim snagama budu razoru\u017eane i poslane u logore u sjevernoj Italiji u kojima \u0107e biti podvrgnuti ispitivanjima. Sukladno tom stavu, upravo je sam Alexander 17.svibnja izdao zapovijed, poznata jo\u0161 pod nazivom 'Distone zapovijed' kojom se nala\u017ee smje\u0161tanje \u010detnika i drugih jugoslavenskih zarobljenika i 'disidenata' iz Austrije u kampove u sjevernoj Italiji, kod Distonea, naravno ako se oni ne \u017eele sami predati 'svojim' vlastima, tj. Titu. Kirk je smatrao da je sada sve rije\u0161eno i da je sve u skladu s odlukama, te da ne postoji mogu\u0107nost repatrijacije bjegunaca. Stoga on 18.svibnja javlja ameri\u010dkom Ministarstvu vanjskih poslova da je Alexander izdao zapovijed koja je zamijenila Robertsonovu, te da jugoslavenski zarobljenici vi\u0161e nisu ugro\u017eeni.\n\nNo ameri\u010dki politi\u010dki savjetnik je prevaren. Tek nakon dva mjeseca Kirk \u0107e otkriti da su zarobljenici ve\u0107 16. svibnja 1945. godine predani Titovim snagama.\n\nU me\u0111uvremenu se u Sloveniji provode masovni pokolji Hrvata, a oni koji tek sti\u017eu upu\u0107eni su \u0160estom odredu specijalnih snaga, posebnoj postrojbi koja je bila sposobna ispuniti osjetljive i tajne zadatke koji \u0107e ostati nepoznati uobi\u010dajenoj vojnoj liniji zapovijedanja. Jedinica je bila stacionirana na austrijsko-jugoslavenskoj granici, te je osigurala suradnju u predaji zarobljenika snagama JA na na\u010din da regularne britanske snage ni\u0161ta ne doznaju o pokoljima. Umjesto u Italiju, zarobljenici su se slali Titovim trupama koje su potom preuzele 'po\u0161iljku'. Za transport, kao i za sporazum s Ivanovi\u0107em bio je zadu\u017een brigadir Toby Low (kasnije proizveden za lorda Aldingtona).\n\nKada je 21. svibnja general McCreery zatra\u017eio obja\u0161njenje je li Robertsonova zapovijed u skladu s politikom Glavnog sto\u017eera, feldmar\u0161al Alexander po prvi puta - tako proizlazi iz slu\u017ebene korespondencije - doznaje za njezino postojanje. Iz toga bi proizlazilo da su MacMillan i general Robertson na svoju ruku donijeli zapovijed kojom su Petom korpusu nala\u017ee da izru\u010di jugoslavenske zarobljenike Titovim partizanima i Kozake Staljinu, usprkos tome \u0161to su upute koje je MacMillan dobio od vlada Velike Britanije i Sjedinjenih Dr\u017eava] izri\u010dito zabranjivale takvo postupanje. Me\u0111utim je rasvjetljavanje doga\u0111aja jako ote\u017eano, jer je \u010ditav arhiv MacMillanovog ureda u Glavnom \u0161tabu savezni\u010dkih snaga (AFHQ) nestao pod nerazja\u0161njenim okolnostima.\n\nStatus predanih Hrvata prema me\u0111unarodnom ratnom pravu \nU zapovijedi generala Robertsona, napisano je bilo sljede\u0107e: \u00bbSvi predani vojnici jugoslavenske nacionalnosti, koji su slu\u017eili njema\u010dku vojsku, trebaju se razoru\u017eati i predati jugoslavenskim postrojbama\u00bb. Priznata interpretacija \u017denevske konvencije je da uniforma odre\u0111uje nacionalnu pripadnost. Ako su Hrvati smatrani pripadnicima njema\u010dke vojske - a neporecivo je da je bilo i takvih Hrvata koji su slu\u017eili u postrojbama njema\u010dke vojske poput 369. divizije Wehrmachta, onda su trebali biti i tretirani kao njema\u010dki ratni zarobljenici. Me\u0111utim, Aldington nije poku\u0161ao saznati dr\u017eavnu pripadnost ili status nijedne ruske i jugoslavenske zarobljene \u010dete.\n\nCivili su imali status izbjeglica, civila kojima treba pru\u017eiti za\u0161titu od progonitelja. Britanci za\u0161titu izbjeglicama s Bleiburga nisu pru\u017eili.\n\nZa vrijeme su\u0111enja povjesni\u010daru Nikolaju Tolstoju 1989. u Londonu, lord Aldington i njegov suradnik iz 5. korpusa 1945. godine, brigadir Tryon-Wilson, opravdavali su se Tyron-Wilsonovom tvrdnjom da su ubijeni civili bili tretirani kao simpatizeri tada\u0161nje hrvatske vojske. Namjera te tvrdnje bila je opravdati uklju\u010denje civila me\u0111u vojnike NDH koji su bili izru\u010deni Titovim \u010detama, iako civili nisu bili spomenuti u zapovijedi koju je navodno 5. korpus izvr\u0161io. Iako je taj plan Aldingtonu slu\u017eio za ostvarenje cilja u to vrijeme, u stvarnosti samo je pogor\u0161ao prekr\u0161aj me\u0111unarodnog prava. \u010clanak 81. u \u017denevskoj konvenciji 1929. g. govori o tome da i civili koji su simpatizeri odre\u0111ene vojske imaju pravo biti tretirani kao ratni zarobljenici.\n\nHrvatska stradanja u brojkama \n\nTu\u0111man citira savezni\u010dke izvje\u0161taje po kojima je novim vlastima s Bleiburga i iz ostalih dijelova Austrije do 1. lipnja 1945 sveukupno izru\u010deno 26.399 pripadnika \u201cjugoslavenskih kvislin\u0161kih postrojbi\u201d (kasnije se taj broj pove\u0107ao na 29.792 zarobljenika), od tih 12.196 Hrvata, 5.480 Srba, 8.263 Slovenaca, te 400 Crnogoraca. Kosta Na\u0111, zapovjednik 3. armije, koja je vodila sve bitke na austrijskoj granici, navodi da je bilo ukupno 109.000 zarobljenika, od \u010dega 40.000 usta\u0161a i domobrana. Ivan Dolni\u010dar, koji je 1945. bio poli\u010dki komesar jedne slovenske brigade, u slu\u017ebenom glasilu KPJ \"Borba\" 1949. god., u kojemu se citira Saop\u0161tenje Ministarstva unutra\u0161njih poslova FNRJ iz iste godine: prema tom izvoruu, u operacijama na kraju rata je bilo \"zarobljeno 341.405 neprijateljskih vojnika, od kojih je: '221.287 okupatorskih vojnika\u2026 i 120.150 kvislin\u0161kih vojnika'. Grahek-Ravan\u010di\u0107 pi\u0161e kako Dolni\u010darove tvrdnje nisu potvr\u0111ene u dokumentima.Prema izvje\u0161\u0107u opunomo\u0107enika OZNA-e Dimitrija Georgijevi\u0107a na\u010delniku te slu\u017ebe zamjeniku mar\u0161ala Tita Aleksandru Rankovi\u0107u od 12. srpnja 1945. godine, u tada uspostavljenim logorima u Jugoslaviji bilo je vrlo mnogo zarobljenih vojnika pora\u017eenih vojski, me\u0111u kojima bilo 81 tisu\u0107a Nijemaca, po ne\u0161to manje od tisu\u0107u Austrijanaca i Ma\u0111ara, 12 tisu\u0107a Talijana, oko 500 \u010detnika i oko 20 tisu\u0107a Hrvata - usta\u0161a i domobrana.\n\nFranjo Tu\u0111man, koji je tokom Bleiburga bio jedan od Hrvatska koji su djelovali pri Vhovnom \u0161tabu JNA u svojoj knjizi Bespu\u0107a povijesne zbiljnosti, u poglavlju \"Bleibur\u0161ki mit\", navodi da je kod Bleiburga do\u0161lo do \"paroksizma uveli\u010davanja\" \u017ertvi na 500.000 i vi\u0161e, sli\u010dno Jasenovcu. Tu\u0111man u svojim radovima iz 1980.-ih godina navodi 35 do 40 tisu\u0107a \u017ertvi u svemu vezano za Bleiburg. Tu\u0111man tako\u0111er citira savezni\u010dke izvje\u0161taje po kojima je novim vlastima s Bleiburga i iz ostalih dijelova Austrije do 1. lipnja 1945 sveukupno izru\u010deno 26.399 pripadnika \u201cjugoslavenskih kvislin\u0161kih postrojbi\u201d (kasnije se taj broj pove\u0107ao na 29.792 zarobljenika), od tih 12.196 Hrvata, 5.480 Srba, 8.263 Slovenaca, te 400 Crnogoraca. \n\nMartina Grahek-Ravan\u010di\u0107 iz Hrvatskog instituta za povijest, smatra da su (2005. god.) najpreciznije i naj\u0161ire prihva\u0107ene brojke o hrvatskim \u017ertvama, procjene hrvatskog demografa Vladimira \u017derjavi\u0107a; koji navodi 33.300 \u017ertava nakon predaje, plus 11.600 \u017ertvi tokom vojnih akcija prije predaje. Tako\u0111er pi\u0161e da su tvrdnje o izme\u0111u 200.000 i 600.000 \u017ertvi sigurno pretjerane, te su vi\u0161ekratno ve\u0107e od procjena sveukupnih hrvatskih \u017ertvi rata i pora\u0107a na sve strane - to jest 192.000 - od demografa \u017derjavi\u0107a.\n\n1991. nove hrvatske vlasti su osnovale Komisiju za utvr\u0111ivanje ratnih i poratnih \u017ertava, s Vicom Vukojevi\u0107em na \u010delu. Komisija je u svom radu \"stavila naglasak na \u017ertve komunisti\u010dkog re\u017eima.\" Crkva u Hrvatskoj i BiH je naveliko sudjelovala u radu Komisije, brojni \u017eupnici su prikupili podatke o \u017ertvama rata i pora\u0107a u svojim mjestima. Uklju\u010dili su se znanstvene institucije kao Hrvatski institut za povijest, te emigratske organizacije i istra\u017eiva\u010di. Koristili su i rad sve\u0107enika te biv\u0161eg usta\u0161kog potpukovnika Krunoslava Draganovi\u0107a, koji je pomogao brojnim usta\u0161ama i Nacistima u bijegu iz Europe, te se 20 godina bavio prikupljanjem dokumentacije o Bleiburgu. Komisija je djelovala 11 godina, u zadnjem izvje\u0161taju navodi popis ukupno 13.300 Hrvata iz Hrvatske i BiH stradalih u doga\u0111ajima povezanima s Bleiburgom, \u0161to je ujedno i najopse\u017eniji popis. Popis uklju\u010duje 5.503 pripadnika usta\u0161ke milicije, 3.101 hrvatskog domobrana, 2.492 nerazvrstana pripadnika Oru\u017eanih snaga te 2.204 ostalih ili neidentificiranih.\n\nU nekim slu\u010dajevima postoje temeljitija forenzi\u010dka istra\u017eivanja o pobijenima: tako je prigodom izgradnje autoceste kod strati\u0161ta u Teznom prona\u0111eni na potezu du\u017eine 70 m posmrtni ostaci 1179 \u017ertava, za koje se u najve\u0107em dijelu mo\u017ee re\u0107i da su vojnici NDH, te su zasigurno me\u0111u \u017ertvama i crnogorski \u010detnici. Stru\u010dnjaci utvr\u0111uju da je rov popunjen posmrtnim ostacima u du\u017eini od 940 m, i Mitja Ferenc procjenjuje broj ondje zatrpanih tijela na oko 15.000. Usprkos slabe o\u010duvanosti kostiju, Mitja Ferenc navodi da bi neke \"mogle pripadati, osobama \u017eenskog spola\u201d (svjedoci koje Ferenc citra navode da je me\u0111u zrtvama bilo \u010dlanova \u017eenskih usta\u0161kih postrojbi). Istra\u017eivanjem se ustanovljuje da su u ubijanju zarobljenika sudjelovali vojnici 6. (isto\u010dnobosanske) brigade 17. divizije JA. U zatvorenom rudni\u010dkom oknu Huda Jama kod La\u0161kog ekshumirano je 726 kostura, koji prete\u017eno pripadaju ratnim zarobljenicima - Hrvatima, koji su bili \u017eivi zazidani u rudnik; pretpostavlja se da se ondje nalaze ostaci ukupno oko 3000 \u017ertava. I za neka druga strati\u0161ta poput Ko\u010devskog Roga i Maceljske \u0161ume tako\u0111er postoje relativno utemeljene procjene, s visokim brojem \u017ertva.\n\nZdravko Dizdar prema stanju literature 2005. godine govori o ukupno 62.000 do tada poimeni\u010dno utvr\u0111enih hrvatskih \u017ertava poratnih pokolja. Za te brojke Vladimir Geiger pak 2012. godine navodi da \"iako statisti\u010dki mogu\u0107e, o\u010dito su grube procjene, jer (Dizdar) nije naveo koji su popisi \u017ertava i sli\u010dne publikacije konzultirani, koliko je smrtnih slu\u010dajeva navedeno u pojedina\u010dnim popisima i kako je izvr\u0161ena provjera i revizija podataka.\" Geiger dodaje kako smatra da su \u017derjavi\u0107eve procjene o 55.000 Hrvata i muslimana pobijenih u Bleibur\u0161kim doga\u0111ajima ipak preniske.\n\nU vrijeme kada su kod Bleiburga jugoslavenske snage zarobile oko 100 tisu\u0107a pripadnika pora\u017eenih snaga NDH i njima sklonih civila, izme\u0111u 8 i 11 tisu\u0107a zarobljenika Britanci su privremeno bili smjestili u logor \u0161to su ga bili osnovali u mjestu Viktringu: me\u0111utim su i oni poslije predani Jugoslavenskoj armiji (JA) i skoro svi pobijeni. Prema izvje\u0161taju \u0161taba 12. divizije JA sa\u010dinjenom odmah nakon doga\u0111aja, 15. svibnja se na Bleiburgu predalo 93.000 \"neprijateljskih vojnika\", a njih 27 (ne 27 tisu\u0107a: 27 vojnika) je ubijeno.\n\nMilan Basta - tada politi\u010dki komesar 51. vojvo\u0111anske divizije (ina\u010de podrijetlom s podru\u010dja Like, gdje je 1941. godine bio pristupio partizanima) i sudionik pregovora o predaji na Bleiburgu - pi\u0161e 1980. godine o \"predaji 100.000 Paveli\u0107evih vojnika\"; jo\u0161 oko 20.000 vojnika NDH da se predalo na drugim mjestima. O ubijanju zarobljenih \"Paveli\u0107evih vojnika\" Basta ne govori ba\u0161 ni\u0161ta: on dodu\u0161e u svojoj knjizi koja se u prvom redu bavi zavr\u0161nim operacijama u travnju i svibnju 1945. godine na \u010dak 89 mjesta koristi on rije\u010d \"pokolj\" - ali svaki pojedini put govore\u0107i o zlo\u010dinima koje su ranije tijekom ratnih godina \u010dinili \"Paveli\u0107evi vojnici\".\n\nOtkrivanje istine o Bleiburgu nakon rata \nZa \u010ditavo vrijeme trajanja komunisti\u010dke Jugoslavije, Bleiburg i Kri\u017eni put se uop\u0107e nisu smjeli spominjati, te su za javnost u Hrvatskoj bili potpuna nepoznanica. Poneki pre\u017eivjeli bi ne\u0161to u povjerenju ispri\u010dali bliskim osobama, te se eventualno moglo na\u010duti potihu glasinu kako je veliki broj zarobljenih usta\u0161a i domobrana bio pobijen 1945. godine.\n\n1963. godine je u Buenos Airesu na \u0161panjolskom jeziku \u201eBleibur\u0161ka tragedija hrvatskog naroda\u201c. Urednik te knjige Ivo Bogdan je navodno ba\u0161 zbog prikupljanja i objavljivanja dokumenata u Blaiburgu ubijen 1971. godine od strane agenata Udbe. 1975. godine su agenti Udbe ubili i Nikolu Martinovi\u0107a, 65 godi\u0161njeg poduzetnika iz Klagenfurta i pre\u017eivjelog vojnika s Kri\u017enog puta, zbog iniciranja postavljanja spomenika bleibur\u0161kim \u017ertvama i pokretanj prvog tzv. Mar\u0161a mira u Bleiburgu koji je trebao upoznati austrijsku i svjetsku javnost o zlo\u010dinima Titova diktatorskog re\u017eima. Makar je taj mar\u0161 ubojstvom Nikole Martinovi\u0107a 1975. godine bio sprije\u010den, ve\u0107 sljede\u0107e 1976. godine skupina pre\u017eivjelih Hrvata okupila se na bleibur\u0161kom polju, gdje je \"svaki u\u010desnik bio \u010duvan od \u010detiri austrijska policajca iako im se prethodno preko prijete\u0107ih pisama prijetilo smr\u0107u. Istina se ipak vi\u0161e nije mogla zaustaviti.\u201c\n\nKrajem 1988. godine je o sudbini Hrvata koje su Britanci predali Jugoslavenskoj armiji na Bleiburgu, te Kozaka koje su Britanci 1945. godine predali Crvenoj armiji po\u010deo pisati britanski autor grof Nikolaj Tolstoj. Odlukom suda bila ubrzo zabranjena i povu\u010dena iz prodaje, pa \u010dak i iz knji\u017enica, a nakon \u0161to ga je umirovljeni britanski \u010dasnik Lord Aldington, raniji na\u010delnik sto\u017eera felmdar\u0161ala Alexandera (te, kasnije, predsjednik britanske Konzervativne partije) tu\u017eio za klevetu, Tolstoj je zbog navodno neistinitih tvrdnji o ulozi britanskih snaga i njihovih zapovjednika bio osu\u0111en platiti od\u0161tetu od \u010dak 1,5 milijuna britanskih funti. U srpnju 1995. godine je Europski sud za ljudska prava jednoglasno odlu\u010dio da je takva presuda predstavljala povredu prava na slobodu izra\u017eavanja.\n\nBleiburg danas \n\nUdruga Po\u010dasni bleibur\u0161ki vod nastoji podr\u017eati i njegovati sje\u0107anje na \u017ertve odavanjem dostojne po\u010dasti svim nedu\u017enim \u017ertvama komunisti\u010dkog pokolja u Bleiburgu. Udruga je osnovana po\u010detkom 1950.-ih godine: 1950. god. je prva grupa hrvatskih emigranata predvo\u0111enih Mirkom Kara\u010di\u0107em posjetila Bleibur\u0161ko polje i ondje dala prisegu da \u0107e njegovati spomen na poginule vojnike Hrvatskih oru\u017eanih snaga i hrvatske civile.\n\nNa 6. je znanstvenom skupu Dani dr Franje Tu\u0111mana odr\u017eanom 2013. godine, profesor Nedjeljko Mihanovi\u0107 ocijenio je kako je Bleiburg te\u017eak teret za britansku politiku. Tu \u010dinjenicu smatra razlogom \u0161to je Hrvatski sabor bio 2012. godine donio odluku kako vi\u0161e ne\u0107e biti pokrovitelj obilje\u017eavanja spomena na bleibur\u0161ku tragediju.\n\n2015. godine, pokroviteljstvo nad obilje\u017eavanjem 70. obljetnice bleibur\u0161ke tragedije preuzela je Predsjednica Republike Hrvatske Kolinda Grabar Kitarovi\u0107; vjerske obrede u Bleiburgu predvodili su kardinal Josip Bozani\u0107 i zagreba\u010dki muftija dr. Aziz ef. Hasanovi\u0107. Politi\u010dke podjele u Hrvatskoj potaknule su tada\u0161njeg premijera Zorana Milanovi\u0107a, predsjednik Hrvatskog sabora Josipa Leku (svi iz SDP) i ministra obrane Antu Kotromanovi\u0107a da dan ranije iska\u017eu po\u010dast \u017ertvama Kri\u017enog puta u Teznom kraj Maribora, na mjestu masovne grobnice snaga NDH i civila pobijenih u svibnju 1945. Premijer i predsjednik Hrvatskog sabora su poru\u010dili da su zlo\u010dini koje su komunisti\u010dke vlasti po\u010dinile na kraju Drugoga svjetskog rata, kazali su premijer i predsjednik parlamenta, okaljali su \"pravednu borbu\", a dana\u0161nja Hrvatska osu\u0111uje sve zlo\u010dine po\u010dinjene u ime bilo koje ideologije. \"Ovdje smo da odamo pijetet \u017ertvama komunisti\u010dkog terora.\"\n\nZbog isticanja usta\u0161kih simbola na komemoracijama u Bleiburgu, desna austrijska vlada je 2019. zabranila usta\u0161ke, uz isilovske i druge teroristi\u010dke simbole, a 2021. je k tome dodala i zabranu HOS-ovih obilje\u017eja s bijelim prvim poljem na \u0161ahiranom grbu, jer su fa\u0161isti\u010dki. Austrijske vlasti su tako\u0111er uhitile i osudile sudionike skupa na Bleiburgu, zbog usta\u0161kih i nacisti\u010dkih pozdrava.\n\nU o\u017eujku 2019. godine je katoli\u010dka biskupija u Klangenfurtu otkazala gostoprimstvo hrvatskim biskupima, koji godinama predvode misna slavlja prigodom godi\u0161njih komemoracija na Bleibur\u0161kom polju, uz obja\u0161njenje da \"ukupna slika ove manifestacije \u0161teti ugledu Katoli\u010dke crkve i mogla bi s pravom poslu\u017eiti kao osnova da se, u slu\u010daju da se izda dozvola za odr\u017eavanje mise, Katoli\u010dkoj crkvi u Koru\u0161koj predbaci instrumantalizacija jedne mise u politi\u010dke svrhe i nedostatak distance prema fa\u0161isti\u010dkom svjetonazoru\u201c. Hrvatska biskupska konferencija reagirala je na taj \u010din priop\u0107enjem, u kojem iznosi da je \"sa \u017ealjenjem je primila tu odluku i izra\u017eava svoje duboko neslaganje s razlozima koji se navode za takvu odluku i u cijelosti ih odbacuje.\" Nakon \u0161to je spomen misa na bleibur\u0161kom polju 2019. godine ipak odr\u017eana, zbog protivljenja austrijskih politi\u010dkih krugova, 2020., 2021. i 2022. god. komemoraciju Bleibur\u0161ke tragedije se odr\u017eavaju u Hrvatskoj.\n\nKrajem 2021. grupa stru\u010dnjaka koju je ovlastilo austrijsko ministarstvo vanjskih poslova, preporu\u010dilo je trajnu zabranu komemoracije na Bleiburgu. Tada\u0161nji ministar unutranjih poslova iz redova kr\u0161\u0107ansko-demokratskih konzervativaca, Karl Nehammer, tim je povodom izjavio: \u201cU Austriji je veli\u010danje teror-re\u017eima nedopustivo. Mi \u0107emo sprije\u010diti svaki poku\u0161aj \u0161irenja desno-ekstremnih i revizionisti\u010dkih svjetonazora na skupovima.\u201d\n\nU travnju 2022. lokalne vlasti austrijske savezne pokrajine Koru\u0161ke, uklonile su hrvatski grb s prvim bijelim poljem sa spomenika na Bleiburgu.\n\nFilmovi \n \u010cetverored, igrani film\n Bleiburg: Titova dozvola za genocid, dokumentarni film\n\nLiteratura \n\nKnjige\n\n Prvo objavljeno djelo s podacima o Bleiburgu i Kri\u017enom putu bila je knjiga \"La tragedia de Bleiburg\" objavljena na \u0161panjolskom jeziku 1963. godine kod Instituto Croata Latinoamericano de Cultura.\n\n Mitja Ferenc i \u017delimir Ku\u017eatko: Prikrivena grobi\u0161ta Hrvata u Republici Sloveniji\n Dusper, Zvonimir: U vrtlogu Bleiburga, Rijeka: Vitagraf, 1996. (2. nadopunjeno izdanje)\n Marko Gr\u010di\u0107 i dr: Otvoreni dossier: Bleiburg, Zagreb: 1990. Prva knjiga koja je u Hrvatskoj javno govorila o toj temi. Pripremila ju je grupa novinara nakon serije intervjua sa sudionicima Kri\u017enog puta koji su bili objavljivani u \u010dasopisu Start.\n\n Jur\u010devi\u0107, Josip: Bleiburg, Zagreb: Dokumentacijsko informacijsko sredi\u0161te - DIS, 2005. Najnovija opse\u017ena studija hrvatskog povjesni\u010dara, koji istra\u017euje \u0161ire okolnosti i uzroke Bleibur\u0161kog pokolja (pri \u010demu je \"Bleiburg\" samo simbol za sveukupni komunisti\u010dki teror 1945. godine).\n\n Marevi\u0107, Jozo (urednik): Od Bleiburga do na\u0161ih dana. Zbornik radova o Bleiburgu i Kri\u017enom putu s drugog me\u0111unarodnog znanstvenog simpozija u Zagrebu 14. i 15. svibnja 1994, Zagreb: Marabu, 1994. Zbornik tekstova vrlo \u0161arolikog oblika: svjedo\u010denja, znanstveni radovi, eseji. Prvi simpozij odr\u017ean je 1993. i s njega je tako\u0111er tiskan zborni U Bleiburgu iskra.\n\n Nikoli\u0107, Vinko: Tragedija se dogodila u svibnju\u2026, Zagreb: 1995. (Prvo izdanje u Barceloni i M\u00fcnchenu 1984)\n Peri\u0107, Miljenko: 1945-1995. Bleiburg. Svjedo\u010danstvo, Zagreb: autor, 1995. .\n\n Prcela, John Ivan (ur.) i \u017divi\u0107, Dra\u017een (ur.): Hrvatski holokaust - dokumenti i svjedo\u010danstva o poratnim pokoljima u Jugoslaviji, Hrvatsko dru\u0161tvo politi\u010dkih zatvorenika, Zagreb, 2001. Dopunjeno hrvatsko zdanje zna\u010dajne knjige, koja je pod naslovo Operation Sloughterhouse iza\u0161la u SAD 1970.\n\n Tolstoj, Nikolaj: Ministar i pokolji. Bleiburg i Ko\u010devski rog 1945, Zagreb: Nakladni zavod Matice Hrvatske, 1991.\n\n \u017derjavi\u0107, Vladimir: Opsesije i megalomanije oko Jasenovca i Bleiburga. Gubici stanovni\u0161va Jugoslavije u drugom svjetskom ratu, Zagreb: Globus, 1992. (2. izd.). Najopse\u017enija studija o \u017ertvama Drugog svjetskog rata na podru\u010dju Jugoslavije, na temelju statisti\u010dkih izra\u010dunavanja i dokumenata.\n\n An\u0111elko Mijatovi\u0107, Prof. dr. \u0160imun \u0160ito \u0106ori\u0107: Bleibur\u0161ka tragedija i Kri\u017eni put hrvatskoga naroda godine 1945. , Hrvatski svjetski kongres, Zagreb, 2007.\n\n\u010clanci\n\n Jela\u010di\u0107, Ivan pl.: Predgovor, u zborniku Od Blaiburga do na\u0161ih dana, 1994, str. 108-121. Autor daje neke podrobnije podatke o planu povla\u010denje HOS-a, te procjene brojnog stanja HOS-a i broja \u017ertava.\n\n \u0160klopan, Vladimir: Povla\u010denje hrvatskih oru\u017eanih snaga u svibnju 1945, u: Od Bleiburga do na\u0161ih dana : zbornik radova o Bleiburgu i kri\u017enom putu s drugog me\u0111unarodnog simpozija u Zagrebu 14. i 15. svibnja 1994 str. 77-88. Detaljni prikaz organizacije povla\u010denja HOS-a u razdoblju 5. do 15. svibnja 1945. \n\n\u017derjavi\u0107, Vladimir: \u017drtve oko Bleiburga i na Kri\u017enom putu, u: Od Bleiburga do na\u0161ih dana : zbornik radova o Bleiburgu i kri\u017enom putu s drugog me\u0111unarodnog simpozija u Zagrebu 14. i 15. svibnja 1994, str. 151-159. U ovom \u010dlanku autor odgovara nekim kriti\u010darima njegovih izra\u010dunavanja iznesenih u gore navedenoj knjizi.\n\n \n Svjedo\u010denje dominikanca o. Drage Kolimbatovi\u0107a o blajbur\u0161kom zlo\u010dinu : : \u00bbUmjesto uto\u010di\u0161ta, u Englezima na\u0111osmo krvnike\u00ab , u: Glas Koncila 19/07, str. 25\n Mr. Martina Grahek-Ravan\u010di\u0107 : Na kri\u017enom putu po Hrvatskoj : Masovne grobnice - svjedo\u010danstva o \u00bbopreznosti i predostro\u017enosti\u00ab, u: Glas Koncila 30/09, str. 25\n Izlaganje prof. dr. Branimira Luk\u0161i\u0107a u Splitu 22. svibnja 2007. : Bleiburg - mrlja na britanskoj savjesti u: Glas Koncila 22/07, str. 25\n\nVanjske poveznice \n\n\"Izru\u010denja i sudbine zarobljenika smje\u0161tenih u savezni\u010dkim logorima u svibnju 1945.\", Martina Grahek Ravan\u010di\u0107, \"\u010casopis za suvremenu povijest\" br. 2/2009, str. 391. \u2013 416\n U de\u017eeli grob do groba...\n \"Partizanska i komunisti\u010dka represija i zlo\u010dini u Hrvatskoj 1944. \u2013 1946.\" - Dokumenti: Zagreb i Sredi\u0161nja Hrvatska, Hrvatski institut za povijest 2008\n Prilog istra\u017eivanju problema Bleiburga i kri\u017enih putova (u povodu 60. obljetnice), Zdravko Dizdar\nMartina Grahek Ravan\u010di\u0107: Razmi\u0161ljanja o broju pogubljenih i stradalih na Bleiburgu i kri\u017enom putu, Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb\nV. \u017derjavi\u0107: Manipulacije brojem \u017ertava 2. svjetskoga rata (engleski) \nOperation Slaughterhouse - Bleibur\u0161ki masakr kroz o\u010di svjedoka (engleski) \n \"Kaznenopravni i povijesni aspekti bleibur\u0161kog zlo\u010dina\", \"Pravnik\" Vol 41. Br. 85/2007, Dominik Vuleti\u0107, Sveu\u010dili\u0161te u Zagrebu, 2007.\nNikolai Tolstoy:Bleibur\u0161ki pokolj \n'We will demand the truth about the Bleiburg massacre', intervju s Nikolajem Tolstoyem, Executive Intelligence Review, Volume 21, Number 27, July 1, 1994., pristupljeno 18. svibnja 2021.\nZapisnik saslu\u0161anja kod OZNE 24. sije\u010dnja 1946. ravnatelja GRAVSIGUR-a Eriha Lisaka, bliskog suradnika Ante Paveli\u0107a koji je sura\u0111ivao u planiranju povla\u010denja HOS-a prema Bleiburgu, te u najbli\u017eoj Paveli\u0107evoj grupi uspio izbje\u0107i u Austriju (uredio \u017deljko Karaula). Pristupljeno 3. travnja 2022.\n\nIzvori\n\nPartizanski zlo\u010dini u Drugom svjetskom ratu i pora\u0107u\nHrvatska povijest\nJugoslavija u Drugom svjetskom ratu\nKozaci\nBleiburg", "meta": {"title": "Bleibur\u0161ka tragedija", "url": "https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleibur%C5%A1ka%20tragedija", "language": "hr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "BrahMos \u00e9 um m\u00edssil de cruzeiro supers\u00f3nico que pode ser lan\u00e7ado de submarinos, barcos, avi\u00f5es ou em terra.\nO nome BrahMos vem da jun\u00e7\u00e3o dos nomes de dois rios: o rio Brahmaputra na \u00cdndia e o rio Moskva, na R\u00fassia. O m\u00edssil viaja a velocidades de Mach 2.8 a 3.0 e um tem um alcance de 290\u00a0km.\n\nM\u00edsseis de cruzeiro antinavio da \u00cdndia\nM\u00edsseis de cruzeiro antinavio da R\u00fassia\nMotores ramjet\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas", "meta": {"title": "BrahMos", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/BrahMos", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Doctor Victor is a Czech rock trio formed in Prague in 2012. The band consists of Victor on vocals and lead guitar, Al on bass, and Tom on drums. Doctor Victor's music is based primarily on the legacy of traditional rock from the late 1960s and early 1970s, with elements of blues music.\n\nIn 2016, they released their debut album, 1st Prescription. The band's 2018 single \"StandUP\" was included in the Czech selection for the Eurovision Song Contest.\n\nHistory\n\nFounding and early days: 2012\u201315\nDoctor Victor was founded in 2012 by Victor, a graduate of the Jaroslav Je\u017eek Conservatory in Prague and holder of a scholarship at the Berklee College of Music in Boston. The band won the Hard Rock Rising 2013 contest in Czechia as well as the  Czech Global Battle of the Bands contest in 2014. In the contest's worldwide finals in Chiang Mai, Thailand, the band placed second.\nIn April 2014, they were on the cover of the Czech music magazine Muzikus, and their single \"Beautiful Age\" got into the top 70 rock songs in the Unsigned Only Music Competition in the United States in 2015. They continued to perform, opening for popular Czech bands such as Lucie and Chinaski.\n\nDebut album, touring, and Eurovision Song Contest: 2016\u201318\nDoctor Victor's debut album, 1st Prescription, was released on 21 March 2016 and two months later, they were chosen by AC/DC as their support band for the Prague show of their Rock or Bust World Tour. In February 2017, they launched their first official tour, named Music Is My Drug Tour, at clubs and festivals across Czechia. In May, they were on the cover of the magazine Rock & All. In the summer of 2017, they performed in the United Kingdom for the first time, playing six cities, including London. In October, the band revealed that they would be collaborating on the upcoming solo album of Dan McCafferty, original lead singer of Nazareth. The album, titled Last Testament, was released in 2019 and featured Doctor Victor on the track \"My Baby\".\n\nThe band's single \"StandUP\" was released in January 2018, together with an announcement of its inclusion in the Czech national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest. The song was chosen out of more than 400 submissions from all over the world. Doctor Victor went back on tour in 2018 and travelled to the UK as well as other European countries, including Germany, the Netherlands, and Austria. After finishing their summer tour, they were selected among the top ten semi-finalists in the KISS KRUISE 2018 competition. Also in 2018, the band opened for The Dead Daisies in Prague.\n\n2019\u2013present\nIn 2019, the band toured the UK and USA, performing at the NAMM Show in California, among other venues and events.\n\nBand members\n Victor \u2013 vocals, lead guitar\n Muddy \u2013 bass guitar, vocals\n Karpa \u2013 drums, vocals\n\nDiscography\n 1st Prescription (2016)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nCzech rock music groups\nMusical groups established in 2012\n2012 establishments in the Czech Republic", "meta": {"title": "Doctor Victor", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor%20Victor", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0456 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0445. \u042f\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0456\u0432 (\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043b 7-30\u00a0\u043c\u043c, \u0434\u043e 37-46\u00a0\u043c\u043c \u0443 Scardia, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0443). \u0429\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0449\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0456, \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 5 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0443\u0445, \u043f\u0456\u0440'\u044f, \u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u044c), \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d. \u041d\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0448\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0441\u0443\u043a\u043d\u044f\u043d\u0430, \u0448\u0443\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u0456 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0456) \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u044c). \u0423 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0456, \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0447\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0441\u044f\u0433\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456.\n\n\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \n357 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0434 2300 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432.\n\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438:\n\n Dryadaulinae\n Erechthiinae\n Euplocaminae\n Hapsiferinae\n Harmacloninae\n Hieroxestinae\n Meessiinae\n Myrmecozelinae\n Nemapogoninae\n Perissomasticinae\n Scardiinae\n Setomorphinae\n Siloscinae\n Stathmopolitinae\n Teichobiinae\n \u0422\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0457\u043d\u0438 (Tineinae)\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438\n\n\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \n \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420. \u0422. IV. \u0427\u0435\u0448\u0443\u0435\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u044b\u0435. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c // (\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0417. \u0421. \u0438 \u0434\u0440.) / \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449. \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u0413.\u00a0\u0421.\u00a0\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0430.\u00a0\u2014 \u041b.: \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430, 1981.\u00a0\u2014 788\u00a0\u0441.\u00a0\u2014 (\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0435 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0417\u043e\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0410\u041d \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420; \u0432\u044b\u043f. 130).\u00a0\u2014 3650 \u044d\u043a\u0437.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n Global Taxonomic Database of Tineidae  \n\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0445\n\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0456", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0456", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%20%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00c1cstesz\u00e9r \u00e4r ett mindre samh\u00e4lle i provinsen Kom\u00e1rom-Esztergom i Ungern. \u00c5r 2019 hade \u00c1cstesz\u00e9r totalt 710 inv\u00e5nare.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nOrter i Kom\u00e1rom-Esztergom", "meta": {"title": "\u00c1cstesz\u00e9r", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cstesz%C3%A9r", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0417\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0444 () \u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f-\u0410\u043d\u0445\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442. \u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0431\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 313 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a (\u043d\u0430 31 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 2006 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430). \u0417\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u044c 9,67 \u043a\u043c\u00b2.\n\n\u0412\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 1100 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.\n\n\u0414\u043e 31 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 2009 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b (\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u044b). 1 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0431\u0438.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u0413\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438-\u0410\u043d\u0445\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442", "meta": {"title": "\u0417\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0444 (\u0411\u0430\u0440\u0431\u0438)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%20%28%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Poneridia limbata es una especie de insecto cole\u00f3ptero de la familia Chrysomelidae.\n\nFue descrita cient\u00edficamente en 1913 por Weise.\n\nReferencias \n\nPoneridia", "meta": {"title": "Poneridia limbata", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poneridia%20limbata", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nDas Bronzedreieck von Heddernheim ist ein r\u00f6merzeitliches Votivblech aus Bronze f\u00fcr Jupiter Dolichenus, dessen Kult auf den Wettergott von Aleppo zur\u00fcckgef\u00fchrt werden kann. Es wurde beim Nordwestzentrum, Frankfurt am Main gefunden und stammt aus der R\u00f6mersiedlung Nida. Das Bronzedreieck kam Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts in den Kunsthandel. Heute befindet es sich in der Sammlung Nassauischer Altert\u00fcmer in Wiesbaden.\n\nBeschreibung und Deutung \nDas Bronzedreieck gliedert sich bildlich in drei Register, in denen verschiedene Gottheiten dargestellt werden. Die Ikonographie weist deutlich Parallelen zu syrischen und anatolischen Darstellungen der Bronze- und Eisenzeit auf. Es ist offensichtlich, dass der K\u00fcnstler gute Kenntnisse der orientalische Symbolik besa\u00df.\n\nIm unteren Register steht Juno Dolichena auf einer Hinde, links und rechts stehen zwei b\u00e4rtige Bergg\u00f6tter mit erhobenen H\u00e4nden und je einer Menschenb\u00fcste dar\u00fcber. Die Darstellung der Bergg\u00f6tter gleicht erstaunlich stark hethitischen Darstellungen, wo diese mit einem Schuppenrock dargestellt werden, die Felsen symbolisieren. Auf dem Bronzedreieck werden diese als f\u00fcnf Kugeln dargestellt, der urspr\u00fcngliche Rock wurde durch die r\u00f6mische Milit\u00e4runiform ersetzt. Die Menschenb\u00fcsten und Juno Dolichena haben keine direkten Parallelen in der anatolischen und syrischen Ikonographie.\n\nIm mittleren Register steht der b\u00e4rtige Jupiter Dolichenus auf einem Stier. Wie bei vielen eisenzeitlichen Darstellungen des luwischen Wettergottes Tarhunza aus Syrien hat er den typischen Zopf. In der rechten h\u00e4lt er eine Doppelaxt und in der linken ein Blitzb\u00fcndel, w\u00e4hrend die syrischen Vorg\u00e4nger eine einfache Axt und ein einfaches nach oben gerichtetes Blitzb\u00fcndel halten. Das Schwert und der kurze Schurz sind ebenfalls orientalisches Erbe, nur dass die Kleidung, wie bei den Bergg\u00f6ttern, der r\u00f6mischen Milit\u00e4runiform angepasst wurde.\n\nIm oberen Register sind die Siegesg\u00f6ttin Victoria und die B\u00fcste des Sonnengottes Sol abgebildet, deren unterer Rand eine Mondsichel bildet. Diese Darstellung ist eine Neuerung gegen\u00fcber der f\u00fcr Jupiter Dolichenus \u00fcblichen Begleitung von Sol, Luna und einem Adler. Diese Dreiheit hat ihr Vorbild in der altorientalischen Fl\u00fcgelsonne, die ein Zeichen der Herrschaft und bei G\u00f6ttern auch der himmlischen Macht darstellt. Urspr\u00fcnglich ein Symbol der Sonne konnte sie in sp\u00e4terer Zeit mit der Mondsichel kombiniert werden und wurde dann in der R\u00f6merzeit in Sonne, Mond und Adler aufgel\u00f6st.\n\nEine Auff\u00e4lligkeit des Bronzedreiecks von Heddernheim ist die Darstellung der beiden Bergg\u00f6tter unterhalb des Gottes. Dies erinnert stark an die Darstellung des Wettergottes Te\u0161\u0161ub im hethitischen Felsheiligtum von Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya, der auf zwei Bergg\u00f6ttern stehend dargestellt wird. Auch auf hethitischen Siegeln findet sich dieses Motiv h\u00e4ufig.\n\nBronze- und eisenzeitliche Vorl\u00e4ufer\n\nLiteratur \n Guy Bunnens: The Storm-God in Northern Syria and Southern Anatolia from Hadad of Aleppo to Jupiter Dolichenus. In: Manfred Hutter: Offizielle Religion, lokale Kulte und individuelle Religiosit\u00e4t. Ugarit-Verlag (2004). ISBN 3-934628-58-3. S. 57\u201382\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nArch\u00e4ologischer Fund (Frankfurt am Main)\nArch\u00e4ologischer Fund (Klassische Antike)\nFrankfurt-Heddernheim\nBronzeskulptur in Hessen\nR\u00f6misches Relief\nSkulpturengruppe\nSkulptur (Religion)\nMuseum Wiesbaden\nBronzerelief\nJupiter (Mythologie)\nVotivgabe\nSkulptur (Frankfurt am Main)\nArch\u00e4ologischer Fund in Europa", "meta": {"title": "Bronzedreieck von Heddernheim", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronzedreieck%20von%20Heddernheim", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Asclepias pseudoamabilis \u00e4r en oleanderv\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Goyder. Asclepias pseudoamabilis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet siden\u00f6rter, och familjen oleanderv\u00e4xter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nSiden\u00f6rter\npseudoamabilis", "meta": {"title": "Asclepias pseudoamabilis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asclepias%20pseudoamabilis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marie-Louise F\u00e9bronie Chass\u00e9 Leclerc Meilleur (Kamouraska, 29 augustus 1880 \u2013 North Bay, 16 april 1998) was een Canadese supereeuwelinge die de leeftijd van 117 jaar en 230 dagen bereikte. Vanaf 4 augustus 1997 tot aan haar overlijden, ruim acht maanden later, was zij de erkende oudste levende persoon op aarde. Zij volgde hiermee de 122-jarige Fran\u00e7aise Jeanne Calment (1875-1997) op. Meilleur was destijds de op \u00e9\u00e9n na oudste persoon ooit (na Calment) en is anno 2021 nog altijd de oudste persoon die ooit in Canada heeft geleefd.\n\nTwee dagen voordat Marie-Louise overleed, stierf ook de 118-jarige Amerikaanse Felicie Young Cormier. Deze laatste zou zijn geboren op 9 november 1879. Cormier had echter geen offici\u00eble geboorteakte, waardoor de claim niet hardgemaakt kon worden. Daardoor werd Meilleur officieel als oudste aangewezen.\n\nBiografie\nMeilleur werd geboren als dochter van Pierre Chass\u00e9 (1849-1911) en F\u00e9bronie L\u00e9vesque (1852-1912). In 1900 huwde Marie-Louise met G\u00e9rard-Etienne Leclerc (1872-1911), en samen kregen ze zes kinderen. Haar man overleed aan longontsteking. Twee jaar na zijn dood vertrok ze richting Ontario, waar ze ging werken bij haar zuster Albertine. In 1915 hertrouwde ze met Hector Meilleur (1880-1972). Het stel verhuisde naar Rapide des Joachims en kreeg in totaal nog eens zes kinderen. Na het overlijden van Hector trok ze in bij een van haar dochters.\n\nIn 1989 ging Meilleur naar een rusthuis. Ze was inmiddels vrijwel doof en blind, maar kwam nog wel in het nieuws toen zij in het rusthuis op zoek ging naar een vrouw voor haar 81-jarige zoon.\n\nZij overleed in het rusthuis in 1998 op 117-jarige leeftijd. Een van haar kinderen was toen ook al 90 jaar oud geworden. Marie-Louises zoon Ernie woonde in hetzelfde rusthuis als zijn moeder. Haar achterkleinkind was in 1998 zelf reeds grootouder.\n\nZie ook\n Oudste mens\n Lijst van oudste mensen \n\nCanadees honderdplusser\nOudste mens\nSupereeuweling", "meta": {"title": "Marie-Louise Meilleur", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise%20Meilleur", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Helle Degn, n\u00e9e le , est une femme politique danoise membre des Sociaux-d\u00e9mocrates, ancien ministre et ancienne d\u00e9put\u00e9e au Parlement (le Folketing) entre 1971 et 1975 puis entre 1977 et 2000.\n\nBiographie \n\nElle est l\u2019ancienne pr\u00e9sidente du Centre Mandela du Danemark, et actuellement sa vice-pr\u00e9sidente (Rikke Forchhammer la remplace \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l'institution).\n\nD\u00e9coration \n Ordre de Dannebrog\n\nAnnexes\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nSources\n\nArticles connexes \n Cabinet Poul Nyrup Rasmussen I\n Liste des ministres danoises\n\nMinistre danoise\nMinistre danois de la Coop\u00e9ration pour le d\u00e9veloppement\nNaissance en octobre 1946\nOrdre de Dannebrog", "meta": {"title": "Helle Degn", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helle%20Degn", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433 (1897\u20141974)\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0420\u0421\u0424\u0421\u0420, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440.\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f 25 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1897 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 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\u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432.\n\n\u0412 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u00ab\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u00bb .\n\n\u0412 1945\u20141948 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c 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\u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0432. \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u00ab\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u041c\u0410\u0414\u0418. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u043c. \u0432 1967 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u041f.\u041f. \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 . \u0421 1971 \u043f\u043e 1974 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u041c\u0410\u0414\u0418 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u00ab\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u041c\u0410\u0414\u0418 (2001\u20142016) \u0412.\u041c. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044c\u043a\u043e, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 1975 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 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\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 .\n\n\u0417\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0420\u0421\u0424\u0421\u0420. \u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438.\n\n\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 1974 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435 (4 \u0443\u0447.).\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \n \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u041a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u00bb\n \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445, \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 (\u041c\u0410\u041c\u0418)\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \n \n \n\n\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430\n\u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u0410\u0414\u0418\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u0410\u041c\u0418", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433, \u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%2C%20%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80%20%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Der Kia Geuraento war ein mittelschwerer Lkw, den Kia Motors zwischen 1995 und 2000 als Nachfolger des Asia AM produzierte. Der Geuraento entstand in technischer Zusammenarbeit mit Hino Motors und war im Wesentlichen ein Mix aus Komponenten des Hino Ranger III+IV. So war das Chassis und das F\u00fchrerhaus vom Ranger III, Die Front und das Armaturenbrett wiederum vom Ranger IV. Ebenso wie der 7,4-Liter-Dieselmotor mit 370\u00a0PS. Neben der Antriebsformel 6x4 gab es ihn auch als 8x8. Die Nutzlast betrug zun\u00e4chst 11,5 Tonnen. Ab 1996 gab es ein Kipperfahrzeug, Sattelzugmaschine und Betonmischer mit jeweils 15 Tonnen Nutzlast.\n1997 wurde dann eine eigens entwickelte 430-PS-Variante des in Lizenz gebauten Hino Motors ins Programm mit aufgenommen, wodurch Kia nun auch Versionen bis 23\u00a0Tonnen Nutzlast anbieten konnte. Im s\u00fcdkoreanischen Marktsegment f\u00fcr Baufahrzeuge wurde Kia dadurch Marktf\u00fchrer. Durch die Fusion mit der Hyundai Motor Company wurde 2000 beschlossen k\u00fcnftig alle Nutzfahrzeuge von Kia und Asia Motors oberhalb des Kia Bongo einzustellen oder als Hyundai zu vermarkten. Da der urspr\u00fcngliche Hino Motor die Abgasvorschriften f\u00fcr 2001 nicht einhalten konnte wurde die Produktion Ende 2000 zugunsten des Hyundai Super Truck, der bis dahin ein Konkurrenzmodell war, eingestellt.\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\nGeuraento\nLkw-Modell", "meta": {"title": "Kia Geuraento", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kia%20Geuraento", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00c4rke\u00e4ngeln Sankt Mikaels kyrka (ukrainska:\u00a0\u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0432. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0457\u043b\u0430) \u00e4r en tr\u00e4kyrka v\u00e4ster om byn Uzhok i Transkarpatiens oblast i v\u00e4stra Ukraina.\n\nDen byggdes 1745, \u00e4r till\u00e4gnad \u00e4rke\u00e4ngel Mikael och anv\u00e4nds som f\u00f6rsamlingskyrka. En sakristia har byggts i tegel och 1927 byggdes ett klocktorn.\n\n\u00c5r 2013 uts\u00e5gs den, som en av 16 tr\u00e4kyrkor i Karpaterna, till v\u00e4rldsarv under samlingsnamnet Tr\u00e4kyrkor i Karpatiska regionen i Polen och Ukraina av Unesco.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nV\u00e4rldsarv i Ukraina\nV\u00e4rldsarv inskrivna 2013\nKyrkobyggnader i Ukraina\nKyrkobyggnader invigda 1745\nByggnader i Zakarpatska oblast\nKategori_Kyrkobyggnader till\u00e4gnade \u00e4rke\u00e4ngeln Mikael", "meta": {"title": "\u00c4rke\u00e4ngeln Sankt Mikaels kyrka", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84rke%C3%A4ngeln%20Sankt%20Mikaels%20kyrka", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Eudarcia ornata \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Reinhardt Gaedike 2000. Eudarcia ornata ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Eudarcia och familjen \u00e4kta malar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\n\u00c4kta malar\nornata", "meta": {"title": "Eudarcia ornata", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudarcia%20ornata", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "In economia lutilit\u00e0 \u00e8 la misura della felicit\u00e0 o soddisfazione individuale. Un bene \u00e8 dunque utile se considerato idoneo a soddisfare una domanda.\n\nSecondo l'utilitarismo, la massimizzazione dell'utilit\u00e0 sociale dovrebbe essere il fine ultimo della societ\u00e0, che dovrebbe quindi tendere ad ottenere \"la felicit\u00e0 maggiore per il maggior numero di individui\".\n\nUtilit\u00e0 cardinale e ordinale \n\nIn economia, l'utilit\u00e0 individuale era implicitamente assunta come una quantit\u00e0 misurabile e addizionabile. Il principio di massima felicit\u00e0 sopra accennato era infatti commisurato alla possibilit\u00e0 di:\n misurare l'utilit\u00e0 di ciascun individuo ricollegabile a qualsiasi evento, ed in particolare al consumo di quantit\u00e0 date di beni e servizi;\n sommare le utilit\u00e0 individuali per ottenere l'utilit\u00e0 totale della collettivit\u00e0.\n\nQuesta nozione di utilit\u00e0, come una quantit\u00e0 misurabile e aggregabile tra gli individui, \u00e8 stata poi denominata utilit\u00e0 cardinale. Secondo tale nozione ciascun individuo \u00e8 in grado di assegnare un valore esatto a ciascun bene su una scala cardinale.\n\nPer superare le critiche mosse da pi\u00f9 parti, a partire dai contributi di Vilfredo Pareto, gli economisti neoclassici svilupparono il concetto di utilit\u00e0 ordinale, per la quale si argoment\u00f2 che l'unica cosa realmente necessaria alla fondazione della teoria del valore e della teoria del consumo neoclassiche era la possibilit\u00e0 che gli individui potessero disporre su una scala ordinale i diversi beni in base alle loro preferenze, quindi contava solo l'ordine, non la grandezza assoluta dell'utilit\u00e0.\n\nCos\u00ec, ad esempio, se l'utilit\u00e0 fosse intesa in senso cardinale e un individuo attribuisse utilit\u00e0 10 ad una tazza di caff\u00e8 e utilit\u00e0 2 ad un bicchiere di aranciata, questo starebbe a significare che l'individuo preferisce cinque volte di pi\u00f9 la tazza di caff\u00e8 all'aranciata; laddove l'utilit\u00e0 venisse invece intesa in senso ordinale, l'unica cosa che potrebbe essere detta circa le preferenze dell'individuo in questione, sarebbe che egli preferisce il caff\u00e8 all'aranciata, senza con questo quantificare in termini assoluti tale preferenza.\n\nFunzione di utilit\u00e0 \n\nSi consideri un insieme di consumo , cio\u00e8 l'insieme di tutte le possibili combinazioni di consumo individuale, e una relazione , detta di preferenza debole, su :  significa cio\u00e8 che un consumatore le cui preferenze sono rappresentate da , posto di fronte alla scelta tra  e , preferir\u00e0  o sar\u00e0 indifferente tra le due opzioni. Si stabilisce cos\u00ec un ordinamento degli elementi dell'insieme . Sia inoltre  caratterizzata dalle seguenti propriet\u00e0:\n Completezza:  si ha  oppure ;\n Transitivit\u00e0: , .\nSotto tali ipotesi,  si definisce una relazione di preferenza razionale (in linguaggio matematico preordine totale); si dimostra inoltre che, sotto l'ulteriore ipotesi di continuit\u00e0 di detta relazione, \u00e8 possibile rappresentare  attraverso una funzione di utilit\u00e0, una funzione cio\u00e8 che leghi il consumo di beni al livello di utilit\u00e0. \u00c8 banale osservare che l'ipotesi di completezza implica la riflessivit\u00e0 della relazione : ossia  si ha .\n\nIn termini formali, sotto l'ipotesi che ci siano  beni di consumo, l'insieme di consumo si riduce allo spazio euclideo . Qualsiasi paniere consumato  \u00e8 un vettore di dimensione . Una generica funzione di utilit\u00e0 \u00e8 definita come:\n\ntale che  se e solo se .\n\nIn particolare, tale funzione  sar\u00e0 unica a meno di una trasformazione monotona crescente; in altri termini, se  \u00e8 una funzione di utilit\u00e0 che rappresenta le preferenze  e  \u00e8 una funzione monotona crescente, allora anche  rappresenta le preferenze . Tale propriet\u00e0 implica la natura ordinale dell'ordinamento stabilito in termini di utilit\u00e0 - per cui non ha significato affermare che un consumatore trae dal consumo del paniere  un'utilit\u00e0 doppia rispetto a quella che ottiene dal consumo del paniere .\n\nNella teoria economica vengono utilizzate diverse specificazioni della funzione di utilit\u00e0:\n funzioni di utilit\u00e0 Cobb-Douglas;\n funzioni di utilit\u00e0 CES (Constant Elasticity of Substitution);\n funzioni di utilit\u00e0 CRRA (Constant Relative Risk Adversion);\n funzioni di utilit\u00e0 CARA (Constant Absolute Risk Adversion).\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia \n  (traduzione italiana:)\n French, Simon (1993): Decision Theory, Ellis Horwood, New York, 1993.\n Kreps, David Mark (1998) Notes on the Theory of Choice, Underground Classics in Economics, Westview Press, Boulder (CO), USA.\n Fishburn, Peter C. (1979): Utility Theory for Decision Making, Krieger, Huntington (NY). Prima edizione (1970): Wiley, New York, in inglese.\n\nVoci correlate \n Marginalismo\n Microeconomia\n Ofelimit\u00e0\n Utilit\u00e0 attesa\n Utilit\u00e0 marginale\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nMicroeconomia\nEconomia della produzione", "meta": {"title": "Utilit\u00e0 (economia)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilit%C3%A0%20%28economia%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u043f\u0443\u043d\u0435\u0440 () \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0412\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043d.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430 \n\u041f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0458 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0458\u0435 2.682, \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0458\u0435 29 (1,1%) \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e 2000. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435.\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \n \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043a \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u0421\u0410\u0414 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\n \u041d\u0430\u0458\u0432\u0435\u045b\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0443 \u0421\u0410\u0414 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043c\u0430\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n -{United States Census Bureau}-\n\n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0443 \u0412\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0421\u0410\u0414", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u043f\u0443\u043d\u0435\u0440 (\u0412\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043d)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%20%28%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gerd Faltings (Gelsenkirchen, 28 juli 1954) is een Duits wiskundige die bekend is door zijn werk in de rekenkundige algebra\u00efsche meetkunde. Hij slaagde erin het vermoeden van Mordell te bewijzen.\n\nBiografie \nFaltings werd geboren in het Gelsenkirchense stadsdeel Buer. Van 1972 tot 1978 studeerde hij wiskunde en natuurkunde aan de Universiteit van M\u00fcnster. In 1978 ontving hij zijn doctoraat in de wiskunde en in 1981 verkreeg hij de venia Legendi (Habilitatie) in de wiskunde, beide aan de Universiteit van M\u00fcnster. Gedurende deze tijd was hij assistent-professor aan de Universiteit van M\u00fcnster. Van 1982 tot 1984 was hij hoogleraar aan de Bergische Universit\u00e4t Wuppertal. Daarna was hij hoogleraar aan de Universiteit van Princeton (1985-1994).\n\nHij werd in 1986 gelauwerd met de Fields-medaille voor zijn bewijs van het vermoeden van Mordell; dit vermoeden stelt dat elke niet-singuliere projectieve kromme van genus g > 1, gedefinieerd over een getallenveld K slechts eindig veel K-rationale punten bevat. Het vermoeden van Mordell heet sedertdien de stelling van Faltings.\n \nSinds 1995 is hij directeur van het Max-Planck-Institut voor Wiskunde in Bonn. In 1996 ontving hij de Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz-prijs van de Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, de belangrijkste prijs in de Duitse wetenschap.\n\nPrijzen \n Fields-medaille (1986)\n Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz-prijs (1996)\n Cantor-medaille (2017)\n\nExterne links \n Gerd Faltings op MacTutor\n Faltings' thuispagina aan de Universiteit van Bonn\n\nDuits wiskundige\nGetaltheoreticus\nWinnaar van de Fieldsmedaille", "meta": {"title": "Gerd Faltings", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerd%20Faltings", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Za druge osebe glej Thomas Wright (razlo\u010ditev).\n\nThomas Wright, angle\u0161ki u\u010denjak, astronom, matematik, filozof, izdelovalec in\u0161trumentov, arhitekt in oblikovalec vrtov, * 1711, Byers Green, grofija Durham, Anglija, \u2020 1786.\n\n\u017divljenje in delo \n\nOd leta 1730 je Wright pou\u010deval matematiko in navigacijo na \u0161oli v Sunderlandu. Kasneje se je preselil v London, kjer je delal za svoje bogate pokrovitelje. Nazadnje se je umaknil v County Durham kjer je v Westertonu zgradil majhen observatorij.\n\nWright je najbolj znan po poskusu pojasnitve nastanka Oson\u010dja. Leta 1750 je trdil, da so zvezde v Rimski cesti razporejene v disk, kar je objavil v delu Izvirna teorija ali nova domneva Vesolja (An original theroy or new hypothesis of the universe). Njegovo zamisel je prevzel in naprej razvil Kant.\n\nPriznanja \n\n Poimenovanja\n\nPo njem, Fredericku Eugeneu Wrightu in Williamu Hammondu Wrightu se imenuje krater Wright na Luni.\n\nSklici\n\nGlej tudi \n\n seznam angle\u0161kih arhitektov\n seznam angle\u0161kih astronomov\n seznam angle\u0161kih matematikov\n\nAngle\u0161ki arhitekti\nAngle\u0161ki astronomi\nAngle\u0161ki matematiki\nAngle\u0161ki filozofi\nLjudje, po katerih so poimenovali krater na Luni", "meta": {"title": "Thomas Wright (astronom)", "url": "https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Wright%20%28astronom%29", "language": "sl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Thomas \u201eTom\u201c Davison (* 3. Januar 1988) ist ein britischer Springreiter und ehemaliger Bassist der Band Dakota.\n\nPrivates \nDavison entstammt einer Reiterfamilie, sein Vater ist der ber\u00fchmte Dressurreiter Richard Davison, seine Mutter Gillian ritt fr\u00fcher Vielseitigkeit, heute reitet auch sie Dressur. Sein j\u00fcngerer Bruder Joseph ist Springreiter.\n\nDavison studierte Business Management an der University of Manchester.\n\nPferde \n Egano Star, Schimmel, Besitzer: Richard Davison\n Kindalton Holly, Fuchs\n\nWeblinks \n Davison Equestrian\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nSpringreiter\nReiter (Vereinigtes K\u00f6nigreich)\nMusiker (Vereinigtes K\u00f6nigreich)\nBrite\nGeboren 1988\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Tom Davison (Reiter)", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Davison%20%28Reiter%29", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Subglacial eruptions, those of ice-covered volcanoes, result in the interaction of magma with ice and snow, leading to meltwater formation, j\u00f6kulhlaups, and lahars. Flooding associated with meltwater is a significant hazard in some volcanic areas, including Iceland, Alaska, and parts of the Andes. J\u00f6kulhlaups (glacial outburst floods) have been identified as the most frequently occurring volcanic hazard in Iceland, with major events where peak discharges of meltwater can reach 10,000 \u2013 100,000\u00a0m3/s occurring when there are large eruptions beneath glaciers.\n\nIt is important to explore volcano-ice interactions to improve the effectiveness of monitoring these events and to undertake hazard assessments. This is particularly relevant given that subglacial eruptions have demonstrated their ability to cause widespread impact, with the ash cloud associated with Iceland's Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull eruption in 2010 resulting in significant impacts to aviation across Europe.\n\nExamples\n\nDeception Island, Antarctica (1969)\nGiven that subglacial eruptions occur in often sparsely populated regions, they are not commonly observed or monitored; thus timings and sequences of events for an eruption of this type are poorly constrained.\nResearch of the 1969 Deception Island eruption demonstrates that the impact of a subglacial eruption is not limited purely by glacier thickness, but that the pre-volcanic ice structure and densification (proportion of impermeable ice) play a role as well. In this case, even though the glacier was thin, a large j\u00f6kulhlaup was observed as the glacier was largely made up of impermeable (unfractured) ice with a sudden supraglacial flood once the cavity has reached capacity. The resulting flood severely damaged buildings on the island, with complete destruction of a British scientific station.\n\nGr\u00edmsv\u00f6tn, Iceland (1996)\nOver a period of 13 days in 1996, 3\u00a0km2 of ice was melted with erupted magma fracturing into glass to form a 7\u00a0km long and 300\u00a0m high hyaloclastite ridge under 750\u00a0m of ice at Gjalp fissure vent of Gr\u00edmsv\u00f6tn volcano in Iceland. Meltwater flowed along a narrow basal glacier bed into a subglacial lake for five weeks, before being released as a sudden flood, or j\u00f6kulhlaup. Although it has been proposed that subglacial volcanism may play a role in the dynamics of West Antarctic ice streams by supplying water to their base, for the Gjalp eruption, no rapid basal sliding was observed at the regional scale, with the formation of ice cauldrons over eruptive fissures due to the sudden removal of mass at the base.\n\nResearch demonstrated that for warm-based glaciers, the effects of subglacial volcanic eruptions are localised, with eruptions forming deep depressions and causing j\u00f6kulhlaups. For there to be significant changes in the extent and shape of an ice sheet, extensive subglacial volcanism would be required, melting a considerable fraction of the total ice volume over a short period of time.\n\nEyjafjallaj\u00f6kull, Iceland (2010)\n\nIn the first two days of the eruption, ice cauldrons were formed over the volcanic vents. Radar images reveal the development of these cauldrons in a 200\u00a0m thick ice cover within the summit caldera. They can also be used to document the subglacial and supraglacial passage of meltwater away from the eruption site. Research shows the eruption breached the ice surface four hours after the initial eruption onset, whilst meltwater release was characterised by accumulation and subsequent drainage, with most of the volcanic material in the ice cauldrons being drained in hyperconcentrated floods.\n\nSee also\n Pillow lava\n Subaqueous volcano\n Subglacial mound\n Subglacial volcano\n Submarine volcano\n Tuya\n Types of volcanic eruptions\n\nReferences\n\nPhreatomagmatic eruptions\nGlaciovolcanism\nVolcanic eruption types", "meta": {"title": "Subglacial eruption", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subglacial%20eruption", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Youngblood - Spalle larghe (Youngblood) \u00e8 un film drammatico statunitense del 1986, interpretato da Rob Lowe, Patrick Swayze, Cynthia Gibb, Keanu Reeves e Ed Lauter.\n\nTrama  \nIl diciassettenne americano Dean Youngblood ha il pallino dell'hockey, e sogna di giocare nella squadra del National Hockey League. Ci riuscir\u00e0, ma non sar\u00e0 facile sia cavarsela nel duro e violento allenamento del gioco, sia farsi accettare dai componenti della nuova squadra gi\u00e0 ben affiatati e pi\u00f9 grandi di lui, guidati dal capitano e leader Derek Sutton. Inoltre, Dean passa fin troppo tempo seduto in panchina, forse a causa della gelosia dell'allenatore Murray Chadwick, padre della bella e giovane Jessie (figlia del Coach) che tifa sempre per lui.\n\nIl momento di difficolt\u00e0 pi\u00f9 grande arriva quando proprio il leader del gruppo viene gravemente ferito durante una partita dallo scorretto Carl Racki, al punto di compromettere definitivamente la sua carriera. Dean, ferito e scoraggiato, decide di tornare nella fattoria paterna dove lo attendono il padre Blane, e il fratello Kelly, entrambi ex giocatori professionisti. Lo alleneranno sia nella tattica sportiva che nella difesa contro la brutalit\u00e0 di alcuni giocatori, fino al far riemergere nel ragazzo il coraggio necessario ad affrontare l'importante partita, il Memorial Cup playoff tra la sua squadra e il Thunder Bay Bombers, e vendicare l'amico Derek.\n\nProduzione \nLa storia del film \u00e8 la quasi totale autobiografia del regista Peter Markle. Le riprese del film si sono svolte nella citt\u00e0 di Toronto. Gli interni sono stati girati nel Ted Reeve Arena, la Hamilton Mustangs e lo Scarborough Gardens Arena. I diritti televisivi di Youngblood sono detenuti dal canale tv Versus, che mand\u00f2 in onda il film durante i playoff della Stanley Cup.\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nFilm drammatici\nFilm sull'hockey su ghiaccio", "meta": {"title": "Spalle larghe", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spalle%20larghe", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u042d\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0445 (\u0440\u043e\u0434. 16 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 1964, \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e, \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0420\u0421\u0424\u0421\u0420, \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420)\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430. \u0418\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0421\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0446\u0435\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 (1991).\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u041e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442, \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c.\n\n\u0412\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 1982\u20141992 \u0437\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e\u00bb (\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a). \u0412 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420/\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 1985\u20141992. \u0412 1992 \u0443\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044c, \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431 \u00ab\u0425\u0430\u043f\u043e\u044d\u043b\u044c\u00bb (\u041a\u0438\u0448\u043e\u043d). \u0421 1994 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 (\u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0445\u0443\u043c\u00bb). \u0412 90-\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0432 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u00ab\u0420\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u00bb (\u0411\u043e\u043d\u043d, \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f).\n\n\u0412 2004 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e-\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f\u00bb (\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a).\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e-\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f\u00bb (\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a) (\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2004\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442 2005). \u0412 \u0441\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435 2005-06\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e-\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438-2\u00bb, \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435 2006-07\u00a0\u2014 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0430.\n\n\u0421 2007\u00a0\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e-\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f\u00bb.\n\n\u0421 2016 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e\u00bb (\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a).\n\n4 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2018\u00a0\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u041b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u044d\u0440\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443.\n\n\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \n \u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u041e\u0418 1992\n \u0411\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440 \u041e\u0418 1988\n \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440 \u0427\u041c 1986\n \u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b 1987, 1991\n \u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0430\u0434\u044b 1985\n \u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 1986\u20141988\n \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 1985\n \u0411\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 1981\u20141983\n \u041e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041a\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0442\u0438 1986\n \u0414\u0432\u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440 \u041a\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 1987, 1988\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044b \n \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0417\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c\u00bb II \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 (5 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434) - \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\n \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044c\u044e: \u00ab\u0421 \u0410\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u041f\u0443\u0433\u0430\u0447\u0451\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0433\u0434\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c\u00bb\n \u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0445: \u00ab\u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u044f \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430!\u00bb\n\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0443\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f:\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f 16 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432 1964 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\n\u0411\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420\n\u0417\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0443\n\u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0443\n\u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u041e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b\n\u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440 1992 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 1992 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0451\u0440\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0443\n\u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0443\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0416\u0411\u041a \u00ab\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e\u00bb \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\n\u0411\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\n\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430\n\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0445, \u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u042d\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%85%2C%20%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cancer Letters, abgek\u00fcrzt Cancer Lett., ist eine wissenschaftliche Fachzeitschrift, die vom Elsevier-Verlag ver\u00f6ffentlicht wird. Die Zeitschrift erscheint derzeit mit 28 Ausgaben im Jahr. Es werden Arbeiten ver\u00f6ffentlicht, die sich mit den Grundlagen und translationaler Onkologie besch\u00e4ftigen.\n\nDer Impact Factor lag im Jahr 2016 bei 6,375. Nach der Statistik des ISI Web of Knowledge wird das Journal mit diesem Impact Factor in der Kategorie Onkologie an 25. Stelle von 217 Zeitschriften gef\u00fchrt.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nOnkologische Zeitschrift\nEnglischsprachige 14-t\u00e4gliche Zeitschrift\nErsterscheinung 1975\nMedizinische Fachzeitschrift (Niederlande)\nElsevier", "meta": {"title": "Cancer Letters", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer%20Letters", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Henri Vallette, n\u00e9 le  \u00e0 B\u00e2le en Suisse et mort le  dans le  arrondissement de Paris, est un sculpteur animalier suisse, install\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris d\u00e8s 1907 et enseignant \u00e0 l'\u00c9cole nationale sup\u00e9rieure des arts d\u00e9coratifs \u00e0 partir de 1929.\n\nBiographie \n\nHenri Vallette na\u00eet le 16 septembre 1877 \u00e0 B\u00e2le, en Suisse du mariage de Oscar Vallette et Anna Fran\u00e7oise Am\u00e9lie Bonnet. Il est le cinqui\u00e8me d'une fratrie de six enfants. Son p\u00e8re est pasteur suffragant \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9glise fran\u00e7aise de B\u00e2le (1870-1877) et pasteur de l'\u00c9glise de la Confession d'Augsbourg.\n\nLe 18 juillet 1907, il se marie avec C\u00e9cile Ad\u00e8le Diertelen, fille d\u2019un pasteur missionnaire au Lesotho, \u00e0 la mairie du  arrondissement de Paris. De ce mariage naissent trois enfants: Laure (1908), Catherine (1912) et Claude (1914).\n\nIl passe sa jeunesse \u00e0 Montpellier et entame une licence de  lettres option langues vivantes (bilingue allemand) et honore une ann\u00e9e de service militaire. \u00c0 partir de 1900, \u00e0 la suite de sa rencontre avec Eug\u00e8ne Burnand, il se sp\u00e9cialise dans la sculpture des animaux de campagne et du quotidien et entre comme \u00e9l\u00e8ve dans l\u2019atelier parisien du sculpteur Jean Dampt qui sera d'ailleurs t\u00e9moin de son mariage. Il rencontre \u00e9galement un certain Louis de Monard avec qui il tisse un fort lien d'amiti\u00e9.\n\nLors de la grande guerre, il est affect\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0son unit\u00e9 le 5 ao\u00fbt 1914, d\u2019abord en garnison,\u00a0puis rejoint le front en d\u00e9cembre 1915 avec le grade de sous-lieutenant au  d'Infanterie. Il reste 28 mois dans les tranch\u00e9es, et participe \u00e0 la Bataille de Verdun (1917) et au chemin des Dames (1917).\n\nEn 1929 il est nomm\u00e9 professeur de sculpture \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9cole nationale sup\u00e9rieure des arts d\u00e9coratifs.\n\n\u0152uvres notables \n\n Buste de Paul Val\u00e9ry,1926, biblioth\u00e8que Paul-Doucet. \nLes merlots, Bronze, collection priv\u00e9e. \nLe daim, Bronze, collection priv\u00e9e. \nLe coq, Bronze, collection priv\u00e9e. \n Le chat couch\u00e9, 1929, Bronze, centre Georges-Pompidou. \nLe monument aux m\u00e8res, square Ferdinand-Brunot, 14\u00e8me arrondissement de Paris. \nMonument aux morts de Nogent-le-Rotrou.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n\nSculpteur suisse\nNaissance en septembre 1877\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en mai 1962\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e0 84 ans", "meta": {"title": "Henri Vallette", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri%20Vallette", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441 (, \u0440\u043e\u0434. 28 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f 1971, \u0410\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435, \u041d\u044c\u044e-\u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u043e, \u0421\u0428\u0410)\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0451\u0440, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438.\n\n\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \n\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432 \u0410\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435, \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442 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\u041d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u00ab\u042d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f\u00bb (1995), \u00ab\u041f\u0438\u043b\u0430: \u0418\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb (2004) \u0438 \u00ab\u041c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u00bb (2004).\n\n\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 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\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0438\u00bb (2011-2012) \u0438 \u00ab\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u00bb (2014-2015). \u0412 2015 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 ABC \u00ab\u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \n\n\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0451\u0440\u044b \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441, \u0411\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%2C%20%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ransom \u00e9 uma cidade localizada no estado americano de Kansas, no Condado de Ness.\n\nDemografia \nSegundo o censo americano de 2000, a sua popula\u00e7\u00e3o era de 338 habitantes.\nEm 2006, foi estimada uma popula\u00e7\u00e3o de 286, um decr\u00e9scimo de 52 (-15.4%).\n\nGeografia \nDe acordo com o United States Census Bureau tem uma \u00e1rea de\n0,8\u00a0km\u00b2, dos quais 0,8\u00a0km\u00b2 cobertos por terra e 0,0\u00a0km\u00b2 cobertos por \u00e1gua. Ransom localiza-se a aproximadamente 766 m acima do n\u00edvel do mar.\n\nLocalidades na vizinhan\u00e7a \nO diagrama seguinte representa as localidades num raio de 32\u00a0km ao redor de Ransom.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n \n\nCidades do Kansas", "meta": {"title": "Ransom (Kansas)", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransom%20%28Kansas%29", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0412\u043e\u0301\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u041a\u043e\u0301\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0413\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 (1887\u00a0\u2014  5 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044f 1919, \u0416\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440)\u00a0\u2014 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0456\u044f\u0447, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0414\u0456\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u0423\u041d\u0420, \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0416\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440.\n\n\u0416\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0454\u043f\u0438\u0441 \n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0416\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456\u2014\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 1918\u00a0\u0440. \u0442\u0430 \u0437 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 1918\u00a0\u0440. \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u044f 1919\u00a0\u0440. 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{"text": "Melanie Pfeifer (* 25. August 1986 in Frankfurt am Main) ist eine deutsche Kanutin, die im Kanuslalom antritt.\n\nBei den Kanuslalom-Europameisterschaften 2009 in Nottingham belegte Melanie Pfeifer den vierten Platz in der Einzelwertung und erhielt mit der Mannschaft die Bronzemedaille. Im Jahr darauf gewann sie in \u010cunovo den Europameistertitel mit der Mannschaft, bei den Weltmeisterschaften im gleichen Jahr erhielt sie in der Mannschaftswertung die Silbermedaille. 2011 erhielt sie mit der Mannschaft die Bronzemedaille bei den Weltmeisterschaften. 2012 fanden die Europameisterschaften auf ihrer Heimstrecke in Augsburg statt, Pfeifer gewann den Titel mit der Mannschaft und belegte in der Einzelwertung den zweiten Platz. Zwei Jahre sp\u00e4ter erhielt sie bei den Europameisterschaften in Wien ebenfalls Silber im Einzelwettbewerb, mit der Mannschaft belegte sie in Wien den vierten Platz. Bei den Weltmeisterschaften 2014 auf dem Deep Creek Lake in Maryland erreichte Melanie Pfeifer den dritten Platz in der Einzelwertung, mit der Mannschaft belegte sie den f\u00fcnften Platz. 2015 fanden die Europameisterschaften in Markkleeberg statt, die deutsche Mannschaft belegte den achten Platz, in der Einzelwertung kam Melanie Pfeifer auf den neunten Rang. Bei den Weltmeisterschaften 2015 in London erhielt Pfeifer die Bronzemedaille in der Einzelwertung. Ihren bis dahin gr\u00f6\u00dften Erfolg erreichte Melanie Pfeifer bei den Europameisterschaften 2016 in Liptovsk\u00fd Mikul\u00e1\u0161, sie gewann in der Einzelwertung und erhielt mit der Mannschaft Silber. Bei den Olympischen Spielen 2016 belegte sie den siebten Platz. Ihr Trainer Stefan Henze starb w\u00e4hrend der Olympischen Spiele 2016 infolge eines Verkehrsunfalls.\n\nMelanie Pfeifer startet f\u00fcr den Verein Kanu Schwaben Augsburg. 2009, 2011, 2013 und 2014 gewann sie jeweils die deutschen Meistertitel im Einzel. In den Jahren 2009 und 2011 wurde sie in der Mannschaft Deutsche Meisterin.\n\nWeblinks \n Homepage\n Portr\u00e4t bei der deutschen Olympiamannschaft\n\nKanute (Deutschland)\nEuropameister (Kanu)\nDeutscher Meister (Kanu)\nOlympiateilnehmer (Deutschland)\nTeilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2016\nSportler (Augsburg)\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1986\nFrau", "meta": {"title": "Melanie Pfeifer", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie%20Pfeifer", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Strogij juno\u0161a (\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0430) \u00e8 un film del 1936 diretto da Abram Matveevi\u010d Room.\n\nTrama\n\nNote\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Strogij juno\u0161a", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strogij%20juno%C5%A1a", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Interferon alpha-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFNA14 gene.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading", "meta": {"title": "IFNA14", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFNA14", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Chandernagor bezeichnet:\n Chandannagar, indischen Stadt\nFran\u00e7oise Chandernagor (* 1945), franz\u00f6sische Schriftstellerin", "meta": {"title": "Chandernagor", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandernagor", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0442 \u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043a\u0442 (, \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0301\u0440\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0441 \u0426\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0301\u0440\u0430\u0441, ; )\u00a0\u2014 \u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f \u0418\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438, \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0414\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 (\u0441 2019), \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f \u0412\u0438\u0444\u043b\u0435\u0435\u043c\u0430 (\u0441 2021).\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 1957 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 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\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.\n\n\u0412 1983 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0445\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0432\u043e \u0438\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u0430 \u0432 1986 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\u00a0\u2014 \u0432\u043e \u0438\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430.\n\n\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044f \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0446\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438 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\u0418\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0433-\u044d\u043b\u044c-\u0425\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0434 \u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0425\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0438. \u0412 2005 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041d\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0438.\n\n15 \u043c\u0430\u044f 2018 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0413\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0418\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00bb.\n\n8 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2018 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430.\n\n25 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2019 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0414\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438:\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\n\u041c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0418\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0442 (\u0426\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0441)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%20%28%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nerlin Alexis Membre\u00f1o Flores (Tegucigalpa, 24 de enero de 1972) es un exfutbolista y director t\u00e9cnico hondure\u00f1o. Actualmente es asistente t\u00e9cnico del Marath\u00f3n de la Liga Nacional de Honduras.\n\nTrayectoria\n\nComo jugador \nComo jugador, desarroll\u00f3 gran parte de su carrera en el Olimpia, club con el que milit\u00f3 durante doce a\u00f1os y conquist\u00f3 diez t\u00edtulos nacionales e internacionales. Posteriormente, fich\u00f3 por el Victoria, con el cual alcanz\u00f3 a ser subcampe\u00f3n del f\u00fatbol hondure\u00f1o, en el Clausura 2006. Una vez finalizado ese torneo, firm\u00f3 contrato por un a\u00f1o con el Atl\u00e9tico Olanchano, en donde finalmente se retir\u00f3.\n\nSelecci\u00f3n nacional \nFue internacional con la Selecci\u00f3n de f\u00fatbol de Honduras en diecisiete ocasiones y marc\u00f3 un gol.\n\nComo entrenador \nEl 3 de diciembre de 2013, la directiva del Olimpia nombr\u00f3 al argentino H\u00e9ctor Vargas como director t\u00e9cnico y a Membre\u00f1o como asistente t\u00e9cnico. Como mano derecha de Vargas, Membre\u00f1o conquist\u00f3 cinco t\u00edtulos nacionales (la Liga, la Copa y la Supercopa de Honduras), siendo uno de los \u00fanicos cuerpos t\u00e9cnicos en la historia del f\u00fatbol hondure\u00f1o que ganaron las tres competiciones. \n\nEl 8 de septiembre de 2017, el Honduras Progreso lo nombr\u00f3 como entrenador en reemplazo de Wilmer Cruz, con un contrato por lo que restaba del Torneo Apertura 2017. Al mando del cuadro arrocero, dirigi\u00f3 catorce partidos, sumando: cuatro triunfos, un empate y nueve derrotas. El 12 de diciembre fue separado de su cargo y, dos meses despu\u00e9s, el 2 de febrero de 2018, demand\u00f3 al club ante el Tribunal Nacional Arbitral de F\u00fatbol (TNAF) por adeudo de dos meses de salario.\n \nEn 2019 fue nombrado entrenador del Olancho de la Liga de Ascenso de Honduras, con el objetivo de ascender a la m\u00e1xima categor\u00eda. Con el cuadro olanchano se consagr\u00f3 campe\u00f3n del Torneo Clausura 2019, pero perdi\u00f3 la final\u00edsima de ascenso ante Real Sociedad.\n\nEl 18 de agosto de 2020 fue anunciado como asistente t\u00e9cnico de Ram\u00f3n Maradiaga en el Vida, como relevo del cuerpo t\u00e9cnico liderado por el uruguayo Fernando Ara\u00fajo. El 21 de noviembre de 2020, tras la renuncia de Maradiaga y faltando pocas fechas para terminar el Torneo Apertura 2020, Membre\u00f1o fue designado como entrenador del club.\n\nClubes\n\nComo jugador\n\nComo asistente t\u00e9cnico\n\nComo entrenador\n\nPalmar\u00e9s\n\nComo jugador\n\nComo entrenador\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n Ficha de jugador\n\nFutbolistas de Honduras\nFutbolistas del Club Deportivo Olimpia en los a\u00f1os 1990\nFutbolistas del Club Deportivo Olimpia en los a\u00f1os 2000\nFutbolistas del Club Deportivo Victoria\nFutbolistas del Atl\u00e9tico Olanchano\nFutbolistas de la selecci\u00f3n de f\u00fatbol de Honduras\nEntrenadores de f\u00fatbol de Honduras\nEntrenadores del Club Deportivo Honduras Progreso\nEntrenadores del Olancho F\u00fatbol Club\nEntrenadores del Club Deportivo Vida", "meta": {"title": "Nerlin Membre\u00f1o", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerlin%20Membre%C3%B1o", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La storia dell'Uzbekistan ha conosciuto importanti migrazioni di popoli, parallelamente all'ascesa e caduta di potenti dinastie e imperi che si sono qui alternati, che hanno causato significativi cambiamenti nella composizione etnica del paese. Gli uzbeki, di lingua turca, sono solo tra gli ultimi di questi popoli che si stabilirono in queste terre. L'Uzbekistan si trova nel cuore dell'Asia centrale, tra le steppe, i deserti e le montagne, all'incrocio delle grandi vie di comunicazione e del commercio tra occidente e oriente. Oggi questo paese indipendente, il pi\u00f9 popoloso della regione, cerca di fare il suo cammino verso le grandi potenze e di affermare la propria identit\u00e0 che si sta forgiando.\n\nPreistoria \nRecenti studi genetici hanno dimostrato che gli uomini sono giunti per la prima volta nel territorio del moderno Uzbekistan tra i 40.000 e i 50.000 anni fa, questo lo rende uno dei pi\u00f9 antichi territori abitati. Le evidenze archeologiche di questa presenza, tuttavia, sono contrastanti a differenza di alcune regioni dell'Africa e dell'Australia. Gli studi hanno qui identificato la regione di origine delle popolazioni che abiteranno in seguito l'Europa, la Siberia e il Nord America. Questa zona \u00e8 anche considerata da alcuni come l'Urheimat delle lingue indoeuropee.\n\nL'eta del bronzo \n\nTra il 2200 e 1700 a.C., una civilt\u00e0 molto avanzata dell'et\u00e0 del bronzo, chiamata civilt\u00e0 battriano-margiana o civilt\u00e0 dell'Oxus (Amu Darya), esistette nel sud dell'Uzbekistan e del Turkmenistan. Era in contatto con la civilt\u00e0 della Valle dell'Indo e, nel periodo pi\u00f9 tardo, venne infiltrata da popoli Indoari, originari del Kazakhstan occidentale, che si mischiarono con i pi\u00f9 avanzati popoli indigeni non-indoeuropei, oggi scomparsi. I siti archeologici, come Djarkoutan o Mollali Tepe rivelano l'esistenza di uno stile di vita gi\u00e0 urbano, con una pratica sviluppata di irrigazione e la coltivazione di grano e orzo. Nessuna traccia di scrittura \u00e8 stata ancora scoperta. Dal 1700 a.C., gli Indoari cominciarono a migrare verso l'India. Essi furono sostituiti in Uzbekistan da trib\u00f9 di pastori nomadi iranici come i Sogdiani, che si sedentarizzarono.\n\nSi conosce anche un'altra cultura archeologica, chiamata di Tazabagyab, che apparve intorno al 1500 a.C. nei pressi Khw\u0101rezm a sud del lago d'Aral, da dove potrebbero essere arrivati gli iranici del Turkestan occidentale. Questa cultura mostra una commistione di elementi della cultura di Srubna e dalla cultura di Andronovo, che si estendeva dagli Urali a ovest fino al lago Bajkal a est, e il Syr Darya sud. La cultura di Andronovo \u00e8 stata la prima ad aver utilizzato il carro da guerra, trainato da due cavalli. Le genti Andronovo vivevano in villaggi, coltivavano la terra e allevavano gli animali. Erano esperti nella fabbricazione di armi e strumenti in bronzo.\n\nI persiani, i greci e i nomadi\n\nBactriani, Sogdiani e Impero achemenide \nI due principali popoli iraniani dell'Uzbekistan sono stati i Sogdiani nella regione di Samarcanda e Bukhara, e i Battriani pi\u00f9 a sud, a cavallo tra l'Uzbekistan meridionale e l'Afghanistan settentrionale. Gli indiani hanno dato il nome alla Bactriana di Bahlik\u00e2 e i cinesi di Daxia. La sua capitale era Battra (l'attuale Balkh). La citt\u00e0 di Samarcanda (Marakanda in greco) \u00e8 stata fondata dai Sogdiani probabilmente nel V secolo a.C. Sogdiani e Battriani non sono mai stati unificati in uno Stato: il loro territorio \u00e8 stato diviso in principati incentrati intorno alle loro citt\u00e0.\n\nLo Zoroastrismo, religione puramente iranica, \u00e8 stata forse sviluppata in Battriana. L'Avesta, il testo sacro, conosciuto come Sughda - \"i sogdiani, la sogdiana\", ma \u00e8 molto difficile una datazione. Esso risale almeno a una lontana antichit\u00e0. I Sogdiani sembrano essere stati sedentari come sciti-Sakas.\n\nPi\u00f9 a nord, intorno al Lago d'Aral, sono vissute le trib\u00f9 nomadi Saka (o Sakas, relative agli Sciti) e i Massageti, del tutto iranici. Questi erano dei guerrieri coraggiosi che, sotto il regno della regina Tomiri, assassinarono il re persiano Ciro I. Come per i Sogdiani e i Bactriani, le donne hanno giocato un ruolo importante.\n\nLa gente della Battriana e Sogdiana, nonch\u00e9 della Corasmia che si trova a nord-ovest, erano per lo pi\u00f9 contadini perfettamente padroni delle tecniche di irrigazione nelle valli del Syr Darya, Amu Darya e Zeravshan. Essi sono stati raggruppati in grandi comunit\u00e0, praticando attivamente il mestiere della metallurgia e del commercio. Il nomadismo si svilupp\u00f2 principalmente nel deserto e nella montagna.\n\nLa citt\u00e0 di Afrasiab, vicino a Samarcanda, \u00e8 stata fondata solo nel 500 a.C. Il museo del sito archeologico contiene i pi\u00f9 antichi pezzi degli scacchi conosciute. I murales di Afrasiab sono famosi e la citt\u00e0 \u00e8 considerata un focolaio della moderna lingua persiana. Secondo Ferdowsi, autore del Shah-nama, che raccoglie i poemi epici persiani, il personaggio Afrasiab, leggendario fondatore della citt\u00e0, sarebbe un re di tutti i Turanici, antenato degli Eftaliti e probabilmente anche Karakhanidi.\n\nDal 545 al 540 a.C. Ciro II, fondatore dell'impero persiano, intraprese la conquista dell'Asia Centrale, e annett\u00e9 la Battriana, la Sogdiana, il Khw\u0101rezm e la Partia all'impero achemenide come province (XI, XV e XVI satrapia).\n\nAlessandro il Grande e i Seleucidi \n\nAlessandro Magno conquist\u00f2 la Sogdiana e la Battriana nel 327 a.C., mentre stava conducendo una campagna contro Dario III, che mise termine alla dinastia achemenide. Due anni dopo, sull'Oxus (Amu Darya), fond\u00f2 una citt\u00e0 che si sarebbe chiamata Termez (Tirmidh nell'adattamento iranico del nome greco-battriano del re Demetrio I), attualmente la citt\u00e0 pi\u00f9 a sud dell'Uzbekistan.\n\nStabilitosi a Maracanda (Samarcanda), spos\u00f2 Rossane, la figlia di Ossiarte, capo della Battriana locale, che aveva catturato nel 327 a.C. Poi prese, mentre cadeva una neve fitta, la fortezza sogdiana chiamata \"Roccia\", fino ad allora considerata inespugnabile. Offr\u00ec al capo, Ariamazes una capitolazione onorevole che fu respinta. La citt\u00e0 (nei pressi dell'attuale citt\u00e0 di Derbent) venne presa e Ariamaz\u00e8s fu ucciso.\n\nIl suo matrimonio costitu\u00ec un aiuto prezioso per sedare la forte resistenza popolare in Sogdiana, guidata da Spitamene, che ferm\u00f2 l'avanzata del suo esercito, per quanto la conquista della Battriana fosse relativamente facile per Alessandro. Questo matrimonio fu anche il preludio alle nozze di Susa, dove 10.000 greci si unirono in matrimonio con 1.000 donne orientali nel 324 a.C.\n\nDopo aver sposato, e prima di intraprendere la campagna in India, Alessandro lasci\u00f2 nel 323 a.C. il suo quartier generale di Samarcanda per conquistare la cittadella dell'attuale Tashkent (attuale Uzbekistan), a sud della quale, sullo Iassarte (Syr Darya), ordin\u00f2 la costruzione di una citt\u00e0-fortificata che avrebbe chiamato Alessandria Eschate (la lontanissima).\n\nDopo la morte di Alessandro nel 323 a.C. il regno nella parte nord-orientale del suo impero fu chiamato dai geografi greci Transoxiana (\"Il paese al di l\u00e0 dell'Oxus\") che fu assegnata al generale di Alessandro Seleuco I Nikator, fondatore della dinastia seleucide. Sotto Seleuco I, la Battriana registrarono una massiccia immigrazione di greci in esilio e fu ellenizzata pi\u00f9 di ogni altra regione conquistata.\n\nSotto il governo di Seleuco II, i Seleucidi, troppo preoccupati per i loro problemi in Siria, non erano nella possibilit\u00e0 di garantire il controllo dei loro possedimenti orientali. Il regno indipendente greco-battriano venne fondato da Diodoto I verso il 250 a.C. come Battriana, dopo essersi liberato facilmente dalla tutela dei Seleucidi. Sotto il regno di Eutidemo I, il secondo successore di Diodoto, il seleucide Antioco III cerc\u00f2 di riappropriarsi della Battriana, ma non vi riusc\u00ec venendo costretto a riconoscere l'indipendenza del regno. Un'importante caratteristica dello sviluppo urbano di questo periodo \u00e8 il sincretismo greco-orientale nel campo delle arti che raggiunse il suo picco attraverso l'arte del Gandhara.\n\nLa dinastia seleucide si spense definitivamente nel 64 a.C., sotto Antioco XIII, quando i resti del suo impero, una volta il pi\u00f9 grande regno ellenistico, venne annesso all'Impero Romano.\n\nLe invasioni dei nomadi e la creazione della Via della Seta \n\nTra il primo secolo a.C. e il II secolo d.C., il territorio del regno greco-battriano fu invaso da popolazioni nomadi provenienti dalla Cina, il Yuezhi e i Sakas. Il centro del regno fu poi spostato a sud-est per diventare, verso 190 a.C., il regno indo-greco.\n\nI Parti hanno occupato nel 115 a.C. la parte occidentale della Battriana (tra l'Uzbekistan e il Turkmenistan attuali), sostituendo i Sakas che erano migrati pi\u00f9 a sud di quello che oggi \u00e8 l'Afghanistan. Condivisero cos\u00ec questa terra con gli Yuezhi che regnarono dal 126 a.C.\n\nA quel tempo, il sincretismo religioso, perpetuato dai Parti, gradualmente si evolve verso il monoteismo e il concetto di religione universale si diffuse tra i popoli dell'attuale Uzbekistan. Attraverso l'influenza dei sacerdoti (magi), lo zoroastrismo diventer\u00e0 la religione ufficiale sotto Sasanidi.\n\nPi\u00f9 a est, l'Impero Kusana si era formato da diversi principati distinti, verso l'inizio del primo millennio, oltre un centinaio di anni dopo il regno greco-battriano venne distrutto dalle popolazioni nomadi. Gradualmente occup\u00f2, tra 105 e 250 d.C., la Bactriana e parte della Sogdiana e della Corasmia. Questo impero \u00e8 stato creato dai Kusani una trib\u00f9 degli Yuezhi, un popolo dello Xinjiang, nell'attuale Cina e forse in relazione con i Tocari. Per molti secoli la civilt\u00e0 Kusana si trov\u00f2 al centro degli scambi tra Oriente (Cina) e occidente (Impero Romano), sul percorso della Via della Seta. I Kusani importarono il Buddismo in Asia centrale e svilupparono le arti ellenistiche d'Oriente.\n\nCon l'apertura della Grande Via della Seta, la pi\u00f9 lunga via commerciale terrestre e marittima dell'antichit\u00e0, nel II secolo a.C. (?), e soprattutto grazie alla sua sicurezza garantita dai Kusani, dopo che era rimasta a lungo alla merc\u00e9 di banditi e saccheggiatori, il centro di gravit\u00e0 del mondo iranico venne spostato tra le rive del Tigri e quelle dell'Amu Darya. La Persia dei Parti distolse lo sguardo dalle rive dell'Eufrate, per guardare ben oltre il Syr Darya: ai loro occhi il commercio con la Cina assumeva un'importanza che non aveva mai avuto con la Grecia, e la Transoxiana divenne il crocevia di rotte commerciali. La Via della Seta non fu solo utilizzata per il trasporto di seta in Europa - spezie, t\u00e8, carta e porcellana passati da questa strada - ma gioc\u00f2 un ruolo importante nella diffusione delle credenze (ad esempio del buddismo), di idee e cultura. La strada durante la sua esistenza arricch\u00ec tutti i punti delle citt\u00e0 coinvolte, come Samarcanda, Kokand e Fergana. La famosa strada rimarr\u00e0 in uso fino alla met\u00e0 del Medioevo.\n\nIn breve, la storia della Transoxiana tra il II secolo a.C. e il III secolo d.C. \u00e8 complessa, differenti regni pi\u00f9 o meno effimeri e di origini incerte si sono succeduti prima d'essere spazzati via dalla potenza crescente dei Sasanidi zoroastriani. Allo stesso tempo, a Ferghana a est vi \u00e8 un passaggio fondamentale della Via della seta, che ha conservato la sua indipendenza.\n\nI Sasanidi persiani \n\nI Sasanidi erano una dinastia persiana originaria del Fars, fondata intorno al 224 d.C. da un presunto discendente di Dario III. Sotto i Sasanidi, l'arte e la cultura persiana raggiunsero un livello notevole e la forza militare della dinastia poteva sfidare anche la potente Roma. Il regno sasanide \u00e8 stato caratterizzato da un accentuato accentramento del potere, una pianificazione urbana ambiziosa e un'agricoltura con tecniche avanzate.\n\nGi\u00e0 tra il III e il IV secolo, i Sasanidi intrapresero tentativi di conquista della Transoxiana, ma la loro espansione graduale provoc\u00f2 rivolte tra i nomadi Kusani, che rifiutarono di cedere il loro territorio e impegnarono in molte battaglie i Sasanidi. Pi\u00f9 tardi, alla fine del IV secolo, saranno gli Unni, Chioniti (gli Unni rossi) e poi Kidariti, che sfideranno i Sasanidi per mantenere le loro posizioni in Transoxiana. Essi irromperanno anche sull'Iran.\n\nNel 427, il re sasanide Bahram V (\"Vahram Ghur\"), schiacciato le truppe nomadi degli Unni bianchi (Heptaliti) che provenivano dall'Asia centrale e dalla Cina ripristinarono il dominio persiano. Suo figlio Yazdgard II Sipahdost consolida la sua presenza nel 442, eliminando il successore dell'impero Kusana, il regno kidarita, apparentato agli Unni, ex alleato dei Persiani.\n\nLa dinastia sasanide controller\u00e0 per pi\u00f9 di quattro secoli un vasto territorio tra cui la Transoxiana, sviluppando una sontuosa arte di corte, intraprendendo grandi opere civili, e, approfittando della sua posizione unica sulla via della seta, ha condotto vittoriosamente per quasi tutto il periodo le guerre sul fronte orientale, contro gli Unni e i turchi, e a ovest, contro l'impero romano.\n\nGli Unni bianchi \n\nL'imperatore sasanide Yazdgard II dovette affrontare gli attacchi delle trib\u00f9 nomadi degli Unni bianchi nel 442.  A quanto pare, al fine di escludere i Sogdiani, gli Unni hanno dovuto adottare il loro linguaggio. In seguito iniziarono a stabilirsi. \u00c8 generalmente considerato che gli Unni bianchi siano i primi antenati del popolo uzbeko attuale.\n\nCon l'aiuto ottenuto dagli Unni, Peroz I divenne imperatore di Persia nel 459-484. Per ringraziarli, diede loro quartiere Taliqan, a sud est dell'attuale Turkmenistan. E non si attese troppo che cominciasse un  conflitto tra loro.\n\nPeroz I fu ucciso nel 484 durante una nuova battaglia contro gli Unni. La sua morte comport\u00f2 conflitti interni tra i Sasanidi, costringendoli ad abbandonare il territorio dell'attuale Uzbekistan e a rendere omaggio agli Unni.\n\nLa conquista del bacino del Tarim fece alleare gli Unni bianchi e il Khaganato di Rouran. Dopo aver inflitto un colpo fatale al Khaganato nel 552, i G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk cercarono di allearsi con i Persiani contro gli Unni. Tra il 560 e il 563, furono sconfitti in una grande battaglia che dur\u00f2 otto giorni, nei pressi di Bukhara. Pi\u00f9 tardi, vennero divisi in principati che pagavano tributi ai Persiani e ai Turchi.\n\nI G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk dell'Ovest \n\nI Turchi avevano istituito il loro impero nel 552. Nel 576, Mugan (Muhan) (553-572), figlio del khan turco Bumin, succedette al padre affidando l'ala occidentale dell'impero dei G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk a suo zio Ist\u00e4mi. Quest'ultimo si alle\u00f2 con i Sasanidi persiani per combattere gli Unni bianchi. Dopo essersi sbarazzati di questi ultimi verso il 563, i due alleati si spartirono l'odierno Uzbekistan, incluso il territorio dei Sogdiani, ma presto entrarono in urto. Nonostante le guerre condotte insieme fino al 630, i Turchi e i Bizantini non potevano superare i Persiani.\n\nIl Khan dei G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Tardu, succeduto al padre Ist\u00e4mi, era stato incoraggiato dai Cinesi, che volevano eliminare l'impero turco. Le sue politiche portarono a una separazione definitiva dell'impero dei G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk in due entit\u00e0, una dei Turchi orientali in Mongolia, diretta da Nivar, fratello di Mugan, e una dei Turchi occidentali nel Tian Shan, Uzbekistan e Kazakistan orientale, guidata da Tardu.\n\nLa sconfitta di Tardu provocata dal suo ambizioso nipote Apa Khaghan (Daluobian), port\u00f2 al caos i Turchi occidentali, fin quando costoro trovarono nuovi comandanti nella persona di Shigui e di suo fratello Tong (secondo l'onomastica cinese). Quest'ultimo era un sovrano potente, che estes3 il suo potere su una parte dell'Afghanistan e nell'India settentrionale. Pochi mesi dopo, le trib\u00f9 vassalle dei Qarluq si ribellarono e Tong fu ucciso. I Turchi occidentali persero ancora una volta la loro unit\u00e0. Nell'anno 640, i Cinesi s'impadronirono delle ricche oasi del bacino del Tarim, lungo la via della seta, che si trovavano appena a sud del loro territorio. Nel 651, i Turchi occidentali si schierarono sotto l'autorit\u00e0 del Khan cinese Helu. Dopo aver ottenuto il sostegno degli Uiguri, i Cinesi si mossero contro di lui e lo sconfissero nel 657. Praticamente tutta l'Asia centrale poi cadde nelle mani cinesi.\n\nSotto i Turchi, in particolare grazie alle loro esigenze di armi e gioielli, i popoli dell'attuale Uzbekistan svilupparono attivamente l'artigianato dei metalli (oro, argento, ferro, piombo, rame, e cos\u00ec via), cos\u00ec come la scrittura. La crescita del commercio sulla Via della seta tra Cina ed Europa ebbe un impatto significativo sulla produzione locale di cotone e seta.\n\nIl famoso pellegrino cinese Xuanzang pass\u00f2 verso il 631 da Tashkent e Samarcanda durante il suo viaggio in India alla ricerca di manoscritti sacri buddisti.\n\nGli Arabi \n\nDopo il primo tentativo parzialmente riuscito di conquistare e islamizzare Samarcanda e Ferghana nel 706, gli Arabi, guidati dalle truppe del generale Qutayba ibn Muslim, conquistarono verso il 712 i territori degli attuali Uzbekistan e Kirghizistan. Essi entrarono in contatto con i Cinesi durante il regno del primo califfo abbaside Abu l-\u02bfAbb\u0101s con la battaglia del Talas. Affermarono con la forza l'Islam tra i popoli dell'Asia centrale che avevano praticato fino a quel momento lo zoroastrismo.\n\nI Sogdiani, che avevano accettato di convertirsi all'Islam, furono esentati dal pagamento delle tasse. Data l'ampiezza delle conversioni e la conseguente riduzione delle entrate fiscali, gli Arabi decretarono che i nuovi convertiti dovessero essere circoncisi (malgrado ci\u00f2 non abbia mai costituito un obbligo per i musulmani) e avere una buona conoscenza del Corano. Questa misura comport\u00f2 una vasta rivolta.\n\nNel 720 e 721 i Sogdiani distrussero la guarnigione araba di Samarcanda, con l'aiuto dei Turchi. Un nuovo governatore del Khorasan fu nominato nella persona di Sa\u02bf\u012bd b. \u02bfAmr al-\u1e24arash\u012b. I ribelli sogdiani scelsero questa volta una strategia prudente, arretrando verso oriente. Guidati da Divashtich re della citt\u00e0 orientale di Panjikand, alcuni di loro si rifugiarono nella fortezza di Abargar, situata sul monte Mug. L\u00ec, sulla riva sinistra del Zeravshan, gli archeologi hanno trovato molti documenti ricchi di insegnamenti sulla societ\u00e0 sogdiana. Gli Arabi quindi assediarono la fortezza e Divashtich si dovette arrendere.\n\nNel 728, il governatore della Corasmia, Ashras ibn \u02bfAbd All\u0101h al-Sulam\u012b, offr\u00ec un'esenzione fiscale per i nuovi convertiti, che produsse tuttavia esattamente gli stessi effetti precedenti. Con l'aiuto dei Turchi, Bukhara divenne il centro della rivolta sogdiana. Venne sottomessa nell'estate del 729, dopo diversi mesi di duri combattimenti. Samarcanda, guidata dal re Ghurak (successore di Tarkhun), non si ribell\u00f2. Nonostante la repressione degli Arabi, la resistenza dei Sogdiani non si ferm\u00f2 e divenne particolarmente forte nel 733 e 734. Il governatore Na\u1e63r b. Sayy\u0101r (738-748) decise quindi di condurre una politica pi\u00f9 conciliante verso le \u00e9lite locali.\n\nIl controllo arabo dell'Asia centrale si consolid\u00f2 dopo la battaglia del Tal\u0101\u1e63 (nel Kirghizistan, nei pressi dell'attuale citt\u00e0 di Taraz del Kazakistan) contro i Cinesi nel 751. Questa vittoria segn\u00f2 l'avanzata pi\u00f9 a oriente degli eserciti arabi e dette la possibilit\u00e0 di acquisire una serie di tecniche cinesi, tra cui quella della fabbricazione della carta. Nella battaglia del Tal\u0101\u1e63, gli Arabi vittoriosi fecero prigionieri molti Cinesi, carpendo cos\u00ec il loro segreto. Capirono subito il valore di questo nuovo mezzo per diffondere l'Islam, e Samarcanda sar\u00e0 il primo centro di produzione della carta nel mondo musulmano. Inoltre, miglioreranno la sua fabbricazione, incorporando nella preparazione degli stracci. Il califfo H\u0101r\u016bn al-Rash\u012bd impose l'uso della carta in tutta l'amministrazione del Califfato. La carta arriver\u00e0 poi nel resto del mondo conosciuto e, attraverso le conquiste arabe, nell'Occidente e in Asia centrale. Si trover\u00e0 a Baghdad nel 793, nel 900 al Cairo, a X\u00e0tiva (San Felipe, Spagna) nel 1056 e, infine, in Francia nei primi anni del XIV secolo.\n\nIl popolo dell'Uzbekistan organizz\u00f2 numerose rivolte contro gli Arabi, la pi\u00f9 importante delle quali avvenne in Sogdiana nel 720-722, ma essa si verific\u00f2 ancora nel 734-737 in Sogdiana e Corasmia e, infine, nel 747-750 sotto la guida di Abu Muslim, che contribu\u00ec potentemente alla caduta degli Omayyadi e alla presa di potere degli Abbasidi. Altre rivolte ebbero luogo nel 801-802 e nel 806 in tutto il M\u0101 war\u0101\u02be al-nahr (nome che gli Arabi diedero alla Transoxiana).\n\nL'annessione della Transoxiana al Califfato abbaside contribuir\u00e0 alla crescita delle grandi citt\u00e0 di Samarcanda, Tashkent, Termez e Bukhara, allo sviluppo dell'artigianato, del commercio (in particolare quello di confine) e alle tecniche di irrigazione. Dal 750 al 850, la scienza arabo-musulmana abbaside conobbe la sua acme. I governanti pagavano, a volte a peso d'oro, qualsiasi libro recentemente tradotto in arabo e, quindi, a partire dal IX secolo, la maggior parte degli scritti della Grecia classica ed ellenistica erano disponibili in arabo. Il filosofo al-Farabi (nato in Transoxiana), il \"secondo maestro\" (in riferimento al primo maestro, Aristotele), svolse un ruolo importante in questa dinamica.\n\nIl grande matematico al-Khwarizmi, che elabor\u00f2 i principi algebrici e che dette il suo nome all'algoritmo, nacque verso il 783 a Khiva. Il famoso astronomo al-Fargh\u0101n\u012b (805-880) era nativo di Ferghana, mentre l'Im\u0101m Mu\u1e25ammad al-Bukh\u0101r\u012b (810-870), famoso tradizionista musulmano sunnita di origine persiana, nacque nella citt\u00e0 di Bukhara.\n\nI Samanidi persiani \n\nI Samanidi furono la prima dinastia persiana a riconquistare il potere in Uzbekistan dopo la conquista araba.\n\nNell'819, il califfo al-Ma\u02bem\u016bn (813-833) aveva ricompensato i quattro figli dei territori persiani Saman Khoda (N\u016b\u1e25, A\u1e25mad, Ya\u1e25y\u0101 e Ily\u0101s) per il loro fedele servizio, dando a ciascuno di loro una provincia. Ism\u0101\u02bf\u012bl I (892-907), figlio di Ahmad, prese rapidamente il controllo della Transoxiana e della Corasmia persiana e vi si stabil\u00ec come un governatore semi-indipendente, scegliendo Bukhara come sua capitale. La Valle dello Zeravshan, la regione di Shash (Tashkent) e le citt\u00e0 di Samarcanda e Termez sono state anche al centro dello sviluppo del territorio samanide, il suo artigianato e il suo commercio fiorente (vetro, carta, pelle, tessuto, seta, bestiame ecc).\n\nNel 900, A\u1e25mad sconfisse il Saffaride \u02bfAmr b. al-Layth che voleva invadere la provincia. Da allora in poi, fino all'anno 1005, i Samanidi rimasero padroni di gran parte dei loro territori.\n\nPer reggere il confronto con i loro vicini meridionali (Tahiridi, Ghaznavidi e Ghuridi) con i quali si trovano a competere per il potere nel X secolo, i Samanidi non solo usavano la forza militare, ma anche l'arte. Essi sviluppano l'architettura urbana e funeraria, creano dei pezzi di ceramica molto diversi con uno scenario caleidoscopico, disegni in marmo, ecc.\n\nIl grande medico e filosofo Avicenna (Ab\u016b \u02bfAl\u012b b. S\u012bn\u0101), nacque vicino a Bukhara nel 980, mentre l'enciclopedista scienziato al-B\u012br\u016bn\u012b, che era il suo corrispondente, nacque nel 973 in un sobborgo di Kath, nei pressi della citt\u00e0 attuale uzbeka di Urgen\u010d.\n\nI Karakhanidi, i turchi Selgiuchidi e l'Impero corasmio \n\nLa dinastia turca dei Karakhanidi, considerati gli antenati dei moderni uzbeki, governarono sull'attuale Uzbekistan dalla fine del IX secolo al 1212. Nel 920, i Karakhanidi  si convertirono collettivamente all'Islam. Sotto il regno di Harun I (982-993), hanno preso Bukhara nel 992 dai Samanidi. Sotto il regno dei suoi successori, i Karakhanidi completarono la conquista della Transoxiana cacciando definitivamente i Samanidi nel 999.\n\nDopo la sconfitta dei Karakhanidi sui Selgiuchidi (1040), un'altra dinastia turca dell'Asia centrale e avversari tra i pi\u00f9 pericolosi, il Khanato dei Karakhanidi venne tagliato in due: il regno occidentale, la cui capitale era Bukhara, si \u00e8 trasferito nel 1042 Samarcanda, e il regno orientale con Kashgar come centro. Nel 1089, i Selgiuchidi sconfissero definitivamente il regno occidentale poi sotto il regno di A\u1e25mad I (1081-1095) occuparono Bukhara e Samarcanda. Nonostante le difficolt\u00e0, i Karakhanidi della Transoxiana riuscirono a sviluppare un'intensa attivit\u00e0 architettonica. Cos\u00ec, sotto Maometto II (1102 - 1130) venne eretto a Bukhara il minareto Kalyan. Pi\u00f9 tardi, nel 1124-1218, nella Valle di Ferghana avvennero le conquiste delle trib\u00f9 proto-mongole cinesi dei Kara Khitai. Il sovrano della Corasmia \u02bfAl\u0101\u02be al-D\u012bn Tekish (Takash) (1172-1200) conquist\u00f2 la Persia nel 1194 e deposto lo stesso anno l'ultimo sultano turco della dinastia dei Grandi Selgiuchidi Tu\u011frul ibn Arslan che ha regnato su una parte della Transoxiana. Ma \u00e8 dallo sci\u00e0 della Corasmia \u02bfAl\u0101\u02be al-D\u012bn Mu\u1e25ammad che lo Stato dei Karakhanidi con la capitale Samarcanda fu distrutto nel 1212.\n\nL'ascesa della Corasmia come grande potenza non poteva aver luogo senza l'alleanza della dinastia con i Cumani e gli Oghuz. Ma le campagne e le incursioni di questi ebbero conseguenze devastanti per l'agricoltura in Asia centrale in quanto, oltre alla distruzione a causa delle guerre, molti campi furono trasformati in pascolo per gli armenti dai nomadi cumani.\n\nIl regno dell'Impero corasmio fu di breve durata. Nel 1219, il governatore corasmio di Otrar sul Syr Darya attacc\u00f2 una carovana di mercanti-spia inviati da Gengis Khan e ne uccise i componenti. Gli ambasciatori inviati da quest'ultimo per chiedere spiegazioni incontrarono lo stesso destino: ci\u00f2 provoc\u00f2 una terribile repressione.\n\nNel 1220, i Mongoli conquistarono l'odierno Uzbekistan, le principali citt\u00e0 come Samarcanda, Bukhara e Tashkent subirono gravi distruzioni.\n\nI mongoli e i turco mongoli\n\nGengis Khan, i Chagataidi e Barlas \nLa presa di Samarcanda ebbe luogo per opera del Khan mongolo Gengis Khan (1220), che aveva rovesciato l'Impero corasmio. Ha poi lasciato il suo impero ai suoi quattro figli, sotto l'autorit\u00e0 del terzo, il Khan supremo \u00d6g\u00f6dei. L'attuale Uzbekistan fin\u00ec nelle mani del suo secondo figlio Chagatai, che dette origine alla dinastia dei Chagataidi.\n\nIl Khanato Chagatai, fu fondato nel 1219 come regno turco-mongolo, e copriva gli attuali quattro paesi dell'Asia centrale, Kazakistan meridionale, Xinjiang occidentale cinese e Afghanistan settentrionale. Ha agito dal 1229 al 1571 come regno autonomo all'interno dell'Impero mongolo.\n\nNella prima met\u00e0 del XIV secolo, l'impero di Chagataidi si divise in due, quello mongolo nomade orientale, e il M\u0101 war\u0101\u02be al-Nahr, un khanato (ulus) occidentale, per lo pi\u00f9 sedentario. Il regno di Chagatai dur\u00f2 fino al 1347 quando il leader della trib\u00f9 di Karnau, Kazaghan (Qazghan) assassin\u00f2 l'ultimo grande Khan di Chagatai, Kazan (Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur) e proclam\u00f2 l'emiro.\n\nL'emiro Kazaghan e dopo di lui suo figlio \u02bfAbd All\u0101h regnarono sull'attuale Uzbekistan fino ai primi anni del 1360, ma dopo l'assassinio di quest'ultimo, il paese cadde nel caos. I nomadi del Mongolistan, meglio addestrati militarmente, approfittarono della situazione, organizzando numerosi attacchi che indebolirono e impoverirono la regione. Poi la trib\u00f9 mongola-turca dei Barlas, spregiativamente chiamati \"asini\", al comando di Haji Barlas, cominciarono a crescere d'importanza nella regione. Dopo la fuga di Haji Barlas in Persia, fu il nipote Timur (Tamerlano), che prese il comando.\n\nTamerlano e i timuridi \n\nTamerlano (1336-1405), noto anche come Am\u012br T\u012bm\u016br, nato a Kesh attuale Shakhrisabz (Shahr-e Sabz) nei pressi di Samarcanda, da una trib\u00f9 turco-mongola di Barlas, fu un grande lcondottiero e studioso di arte e lettere. Era un lontano parente di Gengis Khan. Orgoglioso comandante e spietato, disabile di gambe (il suo nome Tamerlano deriva dal persiano \"Teim\u016br Lang\" o \"Timur lo Zoppo\", in turco \"Timur Aqsaq\"), fino alla fine della sua vita non fu in grado di camminare, \u00e8 sempre andato a battaglia ordinando ai suoi uomini di portarlo nella mischia, armato della sua spada.\n\nGrazie a un complesso sistema di alleanze, fu eletto Grande Emiro di Samarcanda nel 1369, dove install\u00f2 la sua capitale, fece risorgere questa prestigiosa citt\u00e0 che i Mongoli di Gengis Khan avevano devastato nel 1220, facendovi convergere ricchezza e talento di artisti, artigiani, studiosi e letterati, catturati durante le sue campagne.\n\nDopo aver sposato Aldja\u00ef, una nipote dell'emiro di Qazghan, morta prima del 1370, spos\u00f2 diverse vedove del fratello Mir Hussein, fra cui Saray Malik Katun, conosciuta con il titolo di Bibi Khanum (\"maggiore principessa\"), era figlia del defunto khan Qazan che gli aveva conferito l'ambito titolo di g\u00fcregen (\"figlio imperiale\"). Una famosa moschea a Samarcanda prende il nome dalla principessa.\n\nTamerlano, impegnato in una rapida conquista del mondo islamico, s'impadron\u00ec della Corasmia e del Grande Khorasan nel 1371, dell'Iran e della Mesopotamia cinque anni pi\u00f9 tardi, e poi delle pianure dei Kipchak, dove regnava l'Orda d'Oro, per poi andare nel 1395 a colpire diverse citt\u00e0 in Russia prima di avviare la campagna per la conquista dell'India (1398-1399), in cui saccheggi\u00f2 la citt\u00e0 di Delhi.\n\nIn Anatolia nel 1402, cattur\u00f2 il sultano ottomano Bayazid II e in pi\u00f9 combatt\u00e9 in Siria, prese Damasco, dirigendosi verso l'Egitto, ma la dinastia mamelucca si dichiar\u00f2 sua vassalla, evitando l'annessione del suo territorio. A settantuno anni, stava per trasferirsi in Cina quando la morte lo colse.\n\nIl suo impero, che comprendeva diversi paesi attuali dell'Asia centrale, gli sopravvisse per un secolo. La successione fu organizzata gi\u00e0 nel corso della sua vita, e fu suo figlio Shah Rukh che sal\u00ec al trono. Ma il territorio era stato spezzettato in fretta, e fu il successore di Timur a prendere le armi per riconquistare l'impero ereditato dal padre. Nel 1420, guid\u00f2 l'Iran e l'Iraq, e domin\u00f2, almeno nel nome, l'India e la Cina. Suo figlio, Ulugh Beg, famoso astronomo e governatore di Samarcanda, gli succedette nel 1447. Ma, attaccato da tutte le parti, conobbe un periodo di declino territoriale che prosegu\u00ec fino alla fine del regno di Sul\u1e6d\u0101n \u1e24usayn M\u012brz\u0101 Bayqar\u0101 (r. 1469-1506), con cui si chiuse la dinastia.\n\nL'Impero timuride cadde nel 1507 per mano della dinastia degli Uzbeki shaybanidi. Le grandi conquiste culturali, artistiche e scientifiche ebbero come luogo privilegiato soprattutto Samarcanda e Herat, durante il XV secolo, chiamato Rinascimento timuride, in particolare durante i regni di Shah Rukh (1377-1447), di Ulugh Beg (1394-1449) e Sul\u1e6d\u0101n \u1e24usayn M\u012brz\u0101 Bayqar\u0101 (1438-1506).\n\nUlugh Beg, essendo un grande studioso, costru\u00ec una madrasa a Samarcanda, inaugurata nel 1420, dove probabilmente insegn\u00f2, ed edific\u00f2 un osservatorio, aperto nel 1429, dove lavorarono circa 70 matematici e astronomi, compresi Qadi-zade-i Rumi, al-Kashi e \u02bfAl\u012b al-Qushj\u012b, che portarono a conclusione lo zij-i Sultani (Z\u012bj-e Sol\u1e6d\u0101n\u012b, in persiano), la cui accuratezza \u00e8 rimasta insuperata per due secoli. Alla morte di Shah Rukh nel 1447, sal\u00ec al trono dei Timuridi, ma entr\u00f2 in conflitto con i figlio maggiore, Abd al-La\u1e6d\u012bf, che lo assassin\u00f2 nel 1449 per salire poi al trono, prima di essere ucciso stesso nel 1450. \u02bfAl\u012b al-Qushj\u012b ha lasciato una copia dello Z\u012bj-e Sol\u1e6d\u0101n\u012b a Tabriz e Istanbul, da dove raggiunse poi l'Europa.\n\nLa Madrasa di Ulugh Beg continu\u00f2 a funzionare fino al XVII secolo, ma la vita culturale dei Timuridi si concentr\u00f2 a Herat, nella seconda met\u00e0 del XV secolo, quando il famoso poeta e filosofo uzbeko Ali-Shir Nava'i, fondatore della lingua uzbeka moderna, condusse la sua vita e il suo lavoro.\n\nI primi uzbeki (shaybanidi) \n\nGli Shaybanidi, dinastia mongola musulmana discendente da Shibani Khan, figlio di Joci, originariamente composta da 15.000 famiglie, era stato un piccolo Batu Khan (Canato) all'interno dell'Orda d'Oro chiamata Orda Grigia nell'attuale Kazakhstan occidentale. Per diversi secoli, gli shaybanidi hanno notevolmente moltiplicato, senza riuscire a mantenere un'unit\u00e0 delle trib\u00f9.\n\nIl possente Khan Abu l-Khayr \u00e8 riuscito a unire le trib\u00f9 nomadi shaybanide che abitavano tra Tobol, Ural e Syr Darya nel 1429 sotto il nome di Ulus uzbeko. Questa \u00e8 la prima volta il nome \"uzbeko\" \u00e8 apparso nella storia; senza avere un significato etnico, che prende il nome da Uzbek Khan, principe mongolo del XIV secolo che ha impiantato l'Islam in seno all'Orda d'Oro.\n\nAbu l-Khayr, conquistando la Corasmia nel 1447, ha cercato di creare un forte stato uzbeko, ma \u00e8 stato ucciso nel 1468 dalle trib\u00f9 dell'attuale Kazakistan. Suo nipote, il principe Mu\u1e25ammad Shayb\u0101n\u012b rifond\u00f2 con il fratello Ma\u1e25m\u016bd, il Khanato dell'Uzbekistan e conquist\u00f2 nel 1500, usando mercenari di Astrakhan, le citt\u00e0 di Bukhara e Samarcanda. Rovesci\u00f2 cos\u00ec facilmente i Timuridi nel 1507, ma venne ucciso in una battaglia con i persiani nel 1510.\n\nGli altri sultani shaybanidi, Ilbars e Bilbars, presero possesso di Khiva nel 1511. Tuttavia, il khanato non ebbe assicurato il suo territorio che nel 1512, dopo la sua vittoria contro il Moghul Babur, ma senza essere in grado di consolidare in uno Stato unico e solido. Verso il 1512, il Khanato uzbeco era governato da quattro khan che vi hanno regnato separatamente.\n\nIl Khanato uzbeko ha cercato di approfittare del traffico delle carovane che attraversavano la regione, ma nel lungo periodo, rimase tagliato fuori dal commercio internazionale. Inoltre, durante il regno di \u02bfAbd All\u0101h II di Bukhara, il Khanato speriment\u00f2 una stagnazione intellettuale a causa di una maggiore presa religiosa sullo Stato.\n\nLa dinastia dei Shaybanidi si estinse nel 1598 con l'assassinio da parte dell'entourage del Khan di Bukhara e Samarcanda di \u02bfAbd al-Mu\u02bemin. Durante la seconda met\u00e0 del XVII secolo, il Canato di Bukhara ha sperimentato un cambiamento dinastico e fu governato da un lignaggio nativo di Astrakhan, i Janidi, discendenti di Jochi. Gran parte della trib\u00f9 uzbeka discendente da Abu l-Khayr si trover\u00e0 pi\u00f9 a nord, in particolare nella valle del fiume Chu, per formare l'etnia dei kazaki.\n\nNel XVI secolo sui vasti territori dell'Asia centrale, in particolare dalle parti dell'Uzbekistan, la poesia del grande poeta iraniano Giami era estremamente popolare, e ha arricchito l'arte della pittura di nuovi temi. Ci\u00f2 ha segnato l'inizio dello sviluppo di molte scuole d'arte, le pi\u00f9 grandi delle quali erano in Iran.\n\nIl regno di Babur nel Fergana \n\nLa culla della religione zoroastriana, Fergana, ha giocato nel Medioevo un ruolo centrale nella storia del potente impero Mogul in Asia meridionale e l'India, Babur ne \u00e8 stato il fondatore.\n\nAlla morte di Omar Sheikh Mirza II, re di Fergana nel 1498, suo figlio Zahiruddin Muhammad B\u0101bur (1483-1530), anche se ancora minorenne, fu il capo di quella regione della parte orientale dell'attuale Uzbekistan. Un discendente di Tamerlano tramite certo Miran Shah e Gengis Khan attraverso sua madre, una volta assicurato il suo trono, pens\u00f2 ossessivamente di espandere i suoi territori.\n\nCos\u00ec nel 1497, attacc\u00f2 e prese Samarcanda, su cui pensava di avere un legittimo diritto ereditario. Ma una ribellione tra i suoi nobili determin\u00f2 il sequestro del suo regno, le sue truppe lo hanno abbandonato e lui perse le sue conquiste. \u00c8 arrivato a riprendere Samarcanda pi\u00f9 tardi, ma \u00e8 stato presto scacciato nel 1501 dal suo principale nemico, Mu\u1e25ammad Shayb\u0101n\u012b, il potente Khan degli Uzbeki. Per tre anni si aggir\u00f2 invano tentativo di recuperare i suoi beni perduti. Nel 1504, raccolte alcune truppe di fedeli, Babur attraversa l'Hindu-Kush e prende con la forza la citt\u00e0 di Kabul, trovandosi a capo di un ricco regno.\n\nAncora una volta, nel 1510, dopo la morte di Mu\u1e25ammad Shayb\u0101n\u012b, Babur ha reclamato i suoi possedimenti originali ricevendo l'aiuto decisivo del turkmeno Ism\u0101\u02bf\u012bl Safav\u012b. Con la nuova forza, fece nel 1511 un ingresso trionfale a Samarcanda. Ma nel 1514 \u00e8 stato nuovamente sconfitto dai khan uzbeko e dovendo tornare con difficolt\u00e0 a Kabul.\n\nI tre Khanati usciti dalla divisione del Khanato di Chagatai\n\nKhanato di Khiva \n\nIl Khanato di Khiva, chiamato anche \"Stato di Khwarezm (Corasmia),\" \u00e8 stato il pi\u00f9 anziano dei tre khanati uzbeki, tra il 1512 e il 1920 a sud del lago d'Aral. Avendo inizialmente la sua capitale a Gurganj (Urgench), a seguito del brusco cambiamento nel corso dell'Amu Darya (Oxus) nel 1598, che \u00e8 stato fatale, Khorezm trasfer\u00ec la capitale a Khiva piccola fortezza del tempo. Per alcuni secoli Khiva diventa la mecca del mondo sunnita dell'Asia centrale, prima di diventare un protettorato dell'Impero russo nel 1873.\n\nKhanato (Emirato) di Bukhara \nIl Khanato di Bukhara (1599-1920), era uno Stato dell'Asia centrale prevalentemente persiano, con capitale a Bukhara, e che comprendeva anche la citt\u00e0 di Samarcanda.\n\nLa dinastia dei Janidi govern\u00f2 il Khanato di Bukhara dal 1599 al 1785 dopo aver deposto gli altri discendenti di Joci della dinastia uzbeka degli shaybanidi. Nel XVII secolo, i membri della dinastia hanno costruito due delle tre madrase nella piazza Registan di Samarcanda (nel 1646 e il 1660).\n\nIl Khanato di Bukhara \u00e8 stato ribattezzato \"emirato\" nel 1785, in seguito alla conquista dello Sci\u00e0 di Persia, Nadir Shah. Nel 1868, l'Emirato di Bukhara divenne protettorato della Russia. Poco dopo la Rivoluzione d'Ottobre, dopo la cattura di Bukhara da parte dell'Armata Rossa il 2 settembre 1920, perse definitivamente la sua indipendenza per formare la Repubblica popolare sovietica di Bukhara prima di entrare nel 1924 nel RSS uzbeko (nella sua grande parte) e nel RSS Tagika.\n\nKhanato di Kokand \nIl Khanato di Kokand, che ha avuto origine nella valle di Fergana, era uno Stato esistente tra il 1709 e il 1876 in un territorio compreso entro i limiti Orientali dell'Uzbekistan odierno e parti dell'attuale Tagikistan e Kirghizistan. La vasta orda di nomadi kirghisi e kazaki, attiva nel Kazakistan orientale, divenne ben presto sua vassalla.\n\nNei primi anni del XIX secolo, Kokand viene annessa alla citt\u00e0 di Tashkent. Sotto la minaccia di un attacco del Khanato di Bukhara che si apprestava ad annettere Tashkent, il generale russo Michail Grigor'evi\u010d \u010cernjaev colse l'occasione per fare un'offensiva sul Khanato di Kokand. A seguito di pesanti combattimenti nel 1876 Kokand fu annessa alla Russia aprendo la strada ai russi per il resto dell'Asia centrale.\n\nSotto l'Impero Russo \n\nI russi compaiono nella regione alla fine del XIX secolo, dopo una vittoria lampo delle truppe del generale Michail Grigor'evi\u010d \u010cernjaev a Shymkent (nell'attuale Kazakhstan) nel 1864. In primo luogo sostennero i kazaki nomadi e il Khan di Bukhara e Khiva, e poi a est dell'attuale Uzbekistan, tra cui Tashkent (1865). I territori conquistati sono stati raggruppati in un'unit\u00e0 amministrativa chiamata Governo Generale del Turkestan. Nel 1867 Tashkent divenne la capitale del Turkestan, che svolger\u00e0 un ruolo importante nella storia della coltivazione del cotone.\n\nLe autorit\u00e0 zariste hanno favorito la cultura del cotone nel Turkestan invece dell'allevamento tradizionale estensivo. La produzione e la distribuzione erano controllate dai russi, che hanno portato significativi conflitti tra la popolazione locale e i coloni. Nel dominio linguistico, la Russia ha adottato varie misure per diffondere il russo nei territori conquistati in Asia centrale.\n\nNel mese di marzo del 1876, il Khanato di Kokand cade a sua volta sotto le mani dei russi, dopo aspri combattimenti di Pulad Khan contro le truppe comandate dal generale russo von Kaufmann e Skobelev. I khanati di Bukhara (che comprende anche Samarcanda) e Khiva, divennero protettorati russi nel 1868, perdendo completamente la loro sovranit\u00e0 nel 1920 quando sono stati incorporati nel Turkestan russo.\n\nNel 1916, gli uzbeki si ribellarono contro le autorit\u00e0 russe, ma la rivolta fu duramente repressa dalle autorit\u00e0 imperiali.\n\nTuttavia, queste annessioni russe permettono l'introduzione di nuove relazioni socio-culturali, il commercio intenso tra i russi e i commercianti uzbeki, cos\u00ec come lo sviluppo dell'istruzione, l'industria e le ferrovie, che porta allo sviluppo socio-economico veloce della regione.\n\nL'epoca sovietica\n\nGenesi della moderna nazione uzbeka \n\nI bolscevichi presero il potere in Russia dopo la rivoluzione d'ottobre del 1917 incontrando una forte resistenza dei nazionalisti uzbeki (basmachi). Una volta soppressa la resistenza, i comunisti cercarono alleati tra i musulmani progressisti perch\u00e9 si resero rapidamente conto che il rischio di una spietata repressione avrebbe gettato i musulmani del Turkestan nelle braccia dei bianchi. Uno di loro, Sultan Galiev, non appena il pericolo di nuove rivolte era passato, venne rimosso dal cerchio del potere e espulso dal Partito Comunista. Una cosa preoccupava in realt\u00e0 i bolscevichi: il panturchismo - l'unione di tutti i popoli turchi -, che avrebbero voluto rimuovere il nome di \"Turkestan\".\n\nL'Uzbekistan come repubblica e come nazione unica e distinta esiste solo dal 27 ottobre 1924, quando diverse entit\u00e0 territoriali esistenti in Asia centrale (parte del Turkestan, della Repubblica di Bukhara e Repubblica del Khorezm, gli ultimi due sono ex khanati) sono stati raggruppati nella Repubblica socialista Sovietica (RSS) dell'Uzbekistan - la Repubblica autonoma Sovietica del Tagikistan originariamente costruita nel RSS uzbeko \u00e8 costituita come una repubblica costituente separata nel 1929. Le cinque repubbliche dell'Asia centrale sono nate dalla divisione territoriale condotta sotto l'egida del Commissario per le nazionalit\u00e0 dell'epoca, Joseph Stalin, secondo la ripartizione etnica della popolazione. Pertanto, le diverse enclave uzbeke sui territori kirghiso e Tagiko e viceversa sono stati creati (Barak Sarvan, Vorukh, Kairagach, Sokh, Shakhimardan, Qalacha e Khalmion). Nel 1936, la RSS uzbeca \u00e8 stata ampliata con l'integrazione della Repubblica autonoma di Karakalpakstan, separata dal RSS kazako.\n\nSotto Stalin \nNel 1928, Stalin ordin\u00f2 la collettivizzazione delle terre in tutta l'Unione Sovietica. La rivolta dei basmachi (principalmente di origine contadina) Uzbeki, inizi\u00f2 nel 1916 e soppressa intorno 1926, riprender\u00e0 poi e durer\u00e0 fino al 1940.\n\nNegli anni 1937-1938, durante le \"Grandi Purghe\" staliniste, sono stati uccisi diversi funzionari statali uzbeki, tra cui l'ex primo ministro Fayzulla Khodzhayev. L'Islam \u00e8 stato uno dei bersagli della repressione stalinista dovendo rendere completamente atea l'Unione Sovietica. Gran parte delle moschee vennero chiuse e la maggior parte delle chiese, diversi attivisti musulmani giustiziati e i sacerdoti inviati al Gulag.\n\nDurante la seconda guerra mondiale, l'Uzbekistan ha accolto centinaia di migliaia di famiglie sovietiche provenienti dall'occidente, tra cui molti orfani di guerra, accelerando la russificazione della Repubblica, soprattutto nella capitale Tashkent. Alcune delle industrie pesanti della parte europea dell'Unione Sovietica sono state evacuate. Gli impianti sono rimasti in Uzbekistan dopo la guerra, contribuendo alla industrializzazione della repubblica.\n\nNel 1943, nel bel mezzo della guerra, i tedeschi del Volga e le altre minoranze tedesche dell'URSS, furono falsamente accusati di simpatia per gli invasori tedeschi e vennero deportati in Uzbekistan - anche se in misura minore rispetto alla vicina Kazakhstan - alfine di essere lontani dalle linee nemiche.\n\nDopo la guerra \nLa lotta dei bolscevichi per l'emancipazione delle donne uzbeke ha dato i suoi frutti: alla fine del 1960, quasi nessuna donna indossava il chador e tutte le ragazze ricevevano l'istruzione pubblica cos\u00ec come i ragazzi. L'analfabetismo, quasi totale nel 1924, \u00e8 stato completamente sradicato intorno all'anno 1950. Con lo sviluppo delle attivit\u00e0 di estrazione e lo sfruttamento della monocoltura di cotone decine di migliaia di lavoratori qualificati in tutta l'URSS vennero in Uzbekistan negli anni 1960-1980.\n\nIl 4 gennaio 1966 a Tashkent si \u00e8 tenuta la conferenza Indo-Pakistana che ha portato al ripristino delle relazioni diplomatiche tra i due paesi.\n\nIl 26 aprile 1966 a Tashkent e la sua regione sono stati gravemente colpiti da un terremoto, dopo un vasto programma di ricostruzione \u00e8 stato lanciato grazie alla partecipazione di tutte le repubbliche sovietiche. Questo evento ha rafforzato la quarta ondata di immigrazione di lingua russa gi\u00e0 in corso nel paese (dopo quella del periodo coloniale e poi sotto i bolscevichi, e poi durante la seconda guerra mondiale).\n\nDopo il 1966 la capitale uzbeka \u00e8 cresciuta in modo significativo diventando la pi\u00f9 grande e moderna citt\u00e0 in Asia centrale. Negli anni 1960-1980 Tashkent ha ospitato un prestigioso festival internazionale di film provenienti da Asia, Africa e America Latina.\n\nLa questione del cotone \n\nUn fenomeno che ha in gran parte fatto la storia dell'Uzbekistan negli anni 1960-1980 \u00e8 stato lo sviluppo intensivo della raccolta di cotone, ordinata da Mosca come parte della specializzazione delle repubbliche sovietiche. L'obiettivo \u00e8 stato pubblicizzato dai pianificatori sovietici per la produzione di 6 milioni di tonnellate di \"oro bianco\" dell'Uzbekistan. Questo rapido sviluppo, con una gara per i rendimenti nelle condizioni di deficit di terra irrigata a disposizione, ha avuto un impatto catastrofico sull'ecologia della regione: l'uso eccessivo di fertilizzanti chimici e defolianti avvelen\u00f2 l'acqua e il suolo, mentre il drenaggio accelerato delle risorse dei fiumi Amu Darya e Syr Darya per l'irrigazione ha portato al prosciugamento del lago d'Aral su cui scorrono. La superficie di questo mare interno \u00e8 diminuita della met\u00e0 in 40 anni e le attivit\u00e0 di pesca connesse sono state distrutte.\n\nSotto pressione di Mosca per produrre pi\u00f9 cotone, i leader uzbeki hanno sviluppato un sistema corrotto di falsificazioni statistiche. Il leader del partito (e della Repubblica) del tempo, Sharof Rashidov, il suo entourage e il figlio di L\u00e9onid Brejnev, sono stati coinvolti nel caso del cotone immaginario (diverse centinaia di migliaia di tonnellate), che hanno procurato guadagni d'oro per il bilancio dello Stato uzbeko, e nelle tasche dei principali soggetti interessati. Alla fine del 1983, quando la pi\u00f9 grande frode nella storia dell'Unione Sovietica \u00e8 stato smascherata, Rashidov \u00e8 morto per un attacco di cuore.\n\nNonostante la grandezza di questo caso e la volont\u00e0 del potere uzbeko di mettere a tacere il suo passato sovietico, Rashidov \u00e8 stato apprezzato ufficialmente come un leader che ha investito molto nello sviluppo della repubblica (alcuni importanti complessi architettonici e la sontuosa metropolitana sono stati eretti a Tashkent durante il suo regno) ed \u00e8 stato in grado di ottenere una certa autonomia da Mosca grazie a un sottile gioco di influenze e l'utilizzo dei guasti nell'apparato sovietico in favore dell'Uzbekistan.\n\nIl \"Caso uzbeko\" e le sue conseguenze politiche \nDopo lo scandalo del cotone del 1983, le gravi accuse di corruzione sono state portati da parte di Mosca su tutto lestablishment uzbeko, a seguito di un'indagine federale condotta dai principali investigatori antifrode Gdlian e Ivanov (\"Caso uzbeko\"). Risultato: la quasi totalit\u00e0 dell'apparato statale uzbeko \u00e8 stato sostituito, parte del quale \u00e8 stato anche imprigionato. Il controllo diretto di Mosca \u00e8 stato rafforzato (in particolare sotto l'ex capo del KGB Yuri Andropov). Ai leader uzbeki che si sono succeduti l'uno dopo l'altro fino al 1990, Mosca non voleva dare loro il tempo di sviluppare possibili nuove strutture e reti familiari corrotte. Ousmankhodjaev (1983), Salimov (1983-1986), Nichanov (1986-1988), Khabiboullaev (1988-1989), Ibragimov (1989-1990) sono stati i leader effimeri del gruppo dello Stato uzbeko in quel periodo.\n\nI pogrom dei turchi-Mescheti nel 1989 \nNel giugno del 1989, nel bel mezzo della perestroika, nella valle di Fergana, violenti scontri degenerano in deportazioni verso i pogrom dei turchi-mescheti provenienti dalla regione della Georgia da parte di Stalin nel settembre 1944. In totale, quasi 40.000 turchi mescheti fuggirono dall'Uzbekistan di cui 15.000 sono stati accolti come rifugiati in Russia. L'origine dei pogrom rimane poco chiara: era l'ascesa del nazionalismo uzbeko o i drammatici scontri interetnici verificatisi in tutta l'Unione alla fine del 1990? Infine, solo poche migliaia di mescheti sono rimasti in Uzbekistan, decine di migliaia sono fuggiti in Russia, Azerbaigian e Ucraina.\n\nI negoziati sull'Unione \nBeneficiari di significativi contributi dal centro (miliardi di rubli di trasferimenti annuali nel 1989), chiamati in causa a risolvere l'handicap della sua specializzazione nel settore primario, l'Uzbekistan \u00e8 stato un forte sostenitore del mantenimento dell'URSS quando le tendenze centrifughe si sono fatte sentire a seguito delle tendenze liberaliste fornite dalla perestroika e dalla glasnost. Nel referendum sul mantenimento dell'URSS organizzato da Michail Gorba\u010d\u00ebv nel 1991, la stragrande maggioranza degli Uzbeki ha risposto \"s\u00ec\".\n\nDopo una trattativa, di nove delle quindici repubbliche sovietiche, tra cui l'Uzbekistan, \u00e8 stato accettato un nuovo trattato che costituiva una nuova URSS (Unione delle Repubbliche Sovrane Sovietica) che ha ridato sovranit\u00e0 in seno a una federazione con un presidente, una politica estera e militare comune. Il trattato doveva essere firmato il 20 agosto 1991, ma la riluttanza di Ucraina e il putsch di Mosca durante il quale i leader uzbeki hanno preferito aspettare e vedere l'atteggiamento, lo ha portato a saltare. La Russia ha poi dichiarato la supremazia delle leggi russe su quelle sovietiche. Anticipando un crollo di ci\u00f2 che rimaneva dell'URSS, il Soviet Supremo del RSS uzbeko, infine, ha dichiarato la propria indipendenza il 31 agosto 1991 (celebrata il 1\u00ba settembre), approvata successivamente da un nuovo referendum in cui la stragrande maggioranza, questa volta ha votato per l'indipendenza.\n\nDopo l'indipendenza \n\nDurante i primi anni di indipendenza, il governo uzbeko si consolida sotto una stretta tutela presidenziale. Il nuovo paese rafforza la sua presenza sulla scena internazionale, apre i collegamenti aerei diretti con diversi paesi, ha iniziato la grande opera di ricostruzione urbana e su strada, adotta misure destinate ad accogliere gli investitori stranieri. Ma l'apertura delle frontiere provoca nel decennio 1990-2000 la partenza di massa di forza lavoro qualificata russofona.\n\nIl 21 dicembre 1991 l'Uzbekistan \u00e8 diventato membro associato della Comunit\u00e0 degli Stati indipendenti (Trattato di Alma-Ata), attualmente composto da 12 delle 15 ex repubbliche dell'URSS. Il 2 marzo 1992 l'Uzbekistan ottiene un seggio alle Nazioni Unite, \u00e8 diventato anche un membro dell'UNESCO. Il 27 gennaio 2006 entra a far parte della Comunit\u00e0 Economica Eurasiatica.\n\nLa presidenza Karimov \n\nDopo l'indipendenza, l'Uzbekistan ha avuto una presidenza forte, persino autoritaria. Il paese \u00e8 gestito dal 1989 al 2016 da Islam Karimov, un ex leader del partito comunista della Repubblica, fondatore del Partito Popolare Democratico dell'Uzbekistan. Sotto il regno di Karimov, tutti i partiti di opposizione, anche moderati (che sono i pi\u00f9 influenti Erk (volont\u00e0) e Birlik (Unit\u00e0)) sono stati vietati, nessuna corrente dissenziente, e il carattere islamico represso. I media e tutti gli aspetti della vita sociale, politica ed economica e anche culturale sono sotto lo stretto controllo e dell'apparato statale di censura.\n\nLe elezioni legislative del 26 dicembre 2004 permettono al presidente di estendere il suo mandato, ma le elezioni sono state fortemente criticate dai venti osservatori dell'Organizzazione per la Sicurezza e la Cooperazione in Europa (OSCE), di cui l'Uzbekistan \u00e8 membro.\n\nIl 23 dicembre 2007 Karimov \u00e8 stato nuovamente eletto per sette anni. Nonostante le disposizioni costituzionali gli vietino di correre per pi\u00f9 di due mandati consecutivi, grazie a un sottile gioco di interpretazioni, \u00e8 stato in grado di restare a capo dello Stato uzbeko per oltre 25 anni.\n\nLe riforme economiche \nDopo l'indipendenza, il presidente Karimov ha scelto una strategia di riforme economiche graduali volte in particolare al raggiungimento dell'autosufficienza energetica e alimentare del paese nonch\u00e9 di attirare gli investitori stranieri. A un certo livello, questa politica ha dato effetto - alcune aziende locali hanno firmato contratti di joint venture con partner stranieri, i pi\u00f9 importanti sono quelli del gruppo delle auto coreane Daewoo o i trattori Case degli USA. Tuttavia, la crescita economica \u00e8 rimasta soggetta a fluttuazioni periodiche delle materie prime da cui dipende pesantemente il paese. La dipendenza da proventi da esportazione, che rappresentano oltre il 40% del PIL del paese (cotone e oro per la maggior parte), lo sviluppo dell'economia uzbeka \u00e8 stato frenato dai poco brillanti risultati della raccolta di cotone di cui l'Uzbekistan \u00e8 il quarto pi\u00f9 grande produttore.\n\nInoltre, senza nessuna strategia di riforma vera e propria, le autorit\u00e0 del paese hanno intensificato gli errori (come ad esempio nel regime degli scambi, hanno rifiutato la convertibilit\u00e0 della moneta nazionale fino al 2003 che ha causato attriti con il FMI) e le misure restrittive e dirigiste nei confronti delle piccole e medie imprese, che hanno portato a una stagnazione del settore. Solo il piccolo commercio ambulante e le societ\u00e0 con il diritto privilegiato di importare riuscirono prosperare mentre il tessuto economico generale \u00e8 rimasto di fatto sotto uno Stato forte.\n\nIn realt\u00e0, il governo ha ritardato la liberalizzazione dell'economia e la privatizzazione per paura delle sue conseguenze sull'ambiente sociale gi\u00e0 fortemente degradato (il 27% della popolazione vive sotto la soglia di povert\u00e0 e il reddito medio \u00e8 in calo dal 1997) e per proteggere gli interessi di alcuni attori economici influenti, parenti delle \u00e9lite dominanti. L'offensiva, a partire dall'estate del 2004, contro l'economia sommersa \u00e8 stata fonte di grande disagio sociale.\n\nIl terrorismo islamico \nLa repressione delle autorit\u00e0 uzbeke contro i movimenti estremisti islamici provoca l'impulso all'azione. Il 16 febbraio 1999 la capitale Tashkent ha subito sei esplosioni, di cui una fuori dal Parlamento, poco prima l'arrivo del presidente Islam Karimov. Le bombe hanno causato la morte di 16 persone, 130 feriti e gravemente distrutti alcuni edifici governativi e la sede della Banca Nazionale dell'Uzbekistan (NBU). Le autorit\u00e0 lo ritennero un attacco contro il presidente e accusarono le forze islamiche. Nel 2004, altri due atti terroristici attribuiti al movimento islamista Hizb ut-Tahrir sono avvenuti a Tashkent: alla fine di marzo un'esplosione che prende di mira le forze di sicurezza si \u00e8 verificata al bazar Chorsu a fine luglio, degli attentati suicidi erano contemporaneamente perpetrati contro le ambasciate degli Stati Uniti e Israele. Da allora, la polizia (militsia) \u00e8 diventata pervasiva: i controlli sono stati rafforzati in luoghi popolari e fuori della citt\u00e0. Il clima politico \u00e8 ora tornato alla normalit\u00e0 e le elezioni parlamentari (26 dicembre 2004 e 9 gennaio 2005) sono state condotte in modo pacifico e senza incidenti.\n\nI movimenti radicali islamici sono rappresentati dal Movimento islamico dell'Uzbekistan, registrato nella lista delle organizzazioni terroristiche in molti paesi, e fondato nel 1997. Il movimento Akramia, branca radicale del movimento Hizb ut-Tahrir con sede a Londra che sostiene un ritorno al regime islamico rigoroso e la ricostruzione del califfato.\n\nIl massacro di Andijan \nVenerd\u00ec 13 maggio 2005, alcuni uomini presero d'assalto una prigione di Andijan per liberare centinaia di persone, tra cui 23 uomini d'affari accusati di terrorismo islamico. Gli stessi hanno poi preso d'assalto il municipio e creato una riunione dove molte persone hanno parlato e criticato i servizi governativi e di sicurezza sulle loro pressioni che esercitavano. Per sedare la rivolta, le autorit\u00e0 hanno mandato l'esercito che ha aperto il fuoco sulla manifestazione pacifica. Questa versione \u00e8 stata respinta dalle autorit\u00e0, che lo consideravano come un tentativo di destabilizzazione.\n\nAlcune ONG come il Comitato internazionale della Croce Rossa (CICR), hanno segnalato da 500 a 1000 morti, mentre il governo uzbeko ne riconosce solo 187. Le organizzazioni che difendono la libert\u00e0 di stampa e di condizioni umane hanno suonato un campanello d'allarme su questi eventi per sollecitare la comunit\u00e0 internazionale ad agire.\n\nDiversi osservatori e ONG, tra cui Human Rights Watch hanno ribadito le loro accuse di parodia della giustizia e di uso della tortura per estorcere confessioni agli accusati. Dopo il verdetto, l'UE ha vietato il soggiorno sul suo suolo per un periodo di un anno diversi funzionari uzbeki, tra cui i ministri degli Interni e della Difesa, che sono accusati di essere \"direttamente responsabili\" della repressione di Andijan.\n\nLe relazioni con gli Stati Uniti e la Russia \nPoco dopo gli attentati dell'11 settembre 2001, il presidente Islam Karimov ha deciso di sostenere gli Stati Uniti nella sua \"guerra contro il terrorismo\" e che il suo paese poteva essere utilizzato come base per le operazioni nella guerra in Afghanistan. Le strutture militari Uzbeke, tra cui la base aerea K2 a Khanabad, sono state utilizzate dalla coalizione. Con questo approccio, le autorit\u00e0 uzbeke hanno contato sulla cooperazione economica e militare strategica con gli Stati Uniti per aiutare Tashkent a risolvere i suoi problemi economici e politici.\n\nTuttavia, verso la fine del 2002, Tashkent ha cominciato a mal sopportare la sua eccessiva dipendenza alla realizzazione di siti militari statunitensi sul suolo uzbeko.\n\nDopo il tentativo di ribellione di Andijan, gli stati occidentali e le varie organizzazioni per i diritti umani hanno lanciato una grande guerra mediatica contro l'Uzbekistan nel chiedere il rafforzamento della pressione economica e politica sul regime.\n\nIn seguito al deterioramento delle relazioni e la fuoriuscita di oltre 450 rifugiati uzbeki dalle Nazioni Unite (ONU) partendo dalle basi degli Stati Uniti; il 30 luglio 2005, Tashkent ha reagito chiudendo le basi militari dispiegate sul suo territorio, riorientando la sua politica estera verso la Russia, che ha scelto di criticare la sanguinosa repressione di Andijan, aderendo all'organizzazione della Comunit\u00e0 economica eurasiatica sotto l'egida di Mosca. Tuttavia, il 13 novembre 2008 l'Uzbekistan ha sospeso la sua appartenenza a questa organizzazione, un segno di un'inversione di tendenza con la Russia.\n\nNell'agosto 2006 l'Uzbekistan ha inoltre aderito all'Organizzazione del Trattato di Sicurezza Collettiva, un'altra organizzazione sotto l'egida russa.\n\nI rapporti con i vicini dell'Asia centrale \nLe relazioni con i vicini dell'Asia centrale rimangono tesi a causa di dispute storiche, economiche e politiche (la questione della demarcazione dei confini in particolare nella valle di Fergana). Nel febbraio 1999 dei gruppi islamici provenienti dal Tagikistan causano dei problemi (16 morti) a Tashkent. L'incontro, nel novembre 2004, tra il Presidente Karimov e il suo omologo turkmeno ha contribuito a rilanciare un dialogo che era in fase di stallo dal 2002. Tashkent aspira come il suo vicino Kazakistan alla leadership regionale e conosce i rapporti a volte tesi con i suoi vicini tagiki e kirghisi. Tashkent ha sempre coltivato stretti rapporti con gli Uzbeki dell'Afghanistan, ha comunque vicina a Kabul e partecipa con Teheran a dei progetti stradali di un percorso tra paesi .Tashkent partecipa anche allo Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), un'organizzazione per garantire la sicurezza (coordinamento della lotta al terrorismo e sorveglianza delle frontiere), che riunisce i paesi dell'Asia centrale (con l'esclusione del Turkmenistan), Russia e Cina. Il centro regionale per la lotta al terrorismo \u00e8 stato inaugurato a Tashkent nel gennaio 2004.\n\nDopo Karimov \nCon la morte di Karimov avvenuta il 2 settembre 2016 il nuovo presidente \u00e8 Shavkat Mirziyoyev che sembra voler apportare delle novit\u00e0 rispetto al passato. Un primo segnale \u00e8 la volont\u00e0 di allentare il regime dei visti turistici dapprima promesso per il 2017 poi procrastinato al 2021. Ma anche l'allentamento della repressione nei confronti degli oppositori politici e di coloro che si battono per i diritti civili nel paese.\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia\n\nIn russo \n  Dizionario Enciclopedico Brockhaus ed Efron. San Pietroburgo, 1887-1907.\n  Grande enciclopedia sovietica. Mosca, 1969-1978\n\nIn francese \n C. E. Bosworth, Les dynasties musulmanes, trad. Y. Thoraval, Actes sud, coll. Sinbad, 1996, \n Jean-Paul Roux, L'Asie centrale. Histoire et civilisations, Fayard, 1997, \n \u00abBactriane\u00bb, Marie-Nicolas Bouillet et Alexis Chassang [sous la dir. de], Dictionnaire universel d\u2019histoire et de g\u00e9ographie, 1878 \n Johannes Kalter and Margareta Pavaloi, Uzbekistan. Heirs to the Silk Road, Thames and Hudson, 1997,  \n Fran\u00e7oise Spiekermeier, Asie centrale: Kirghizistan, Ouzb\u00e9kistan, Arthaud, 2001, \n Calum MacLeod et Bradley Mayhew, Ouzb\u00e9kistan: Samarcande, Boukhara, Khiva, Olizane, Gen\u00e8ve, 2002,  \n Catherine Poujol, Ouzb\u00e9kistan: la crois\u00e9e des chemins, Belin / La Documentation fran\u00e7aise, 2005, \n Jean Sellier et Andr\u00e9 Sellier, Atlas des peuples d'Orient. Moyen-Orient, Caucase, Asie centrale, La D\u00e9couverte, 1993,  \n Vincent Fourniau, Histoire de l'Asie centrale, Presses universitaires de France, Paris, 1992, \n Jacques Anquetil, Routes de la soie: des d\u00e9serts de l'Asie aux rives du monde occidental, vingt-deux si\u00e8cles d'histoire, J.-C. Latt\u00e8s, 1992, \n Emmanuel Choisnel, Les Parthes et la route de la soie, L'Harmattan / IFEAC, 2004, \n Bradley Mayhew, Paul Clammer, Michael Kohn, Asie centrale, la route de la soie, Lonely Planet, 2004, \n Sergio Cozzi, Didier Labouche, Ouzb\u00e9kistan, au c\u0153ur des routes de la soie, G\u00e9orama, 2001, \n Ren\u00e9 Grousset, Empire des steppes: Attila, Gengis-Khan, Tamerlan, Payot, 2001,\n\nVoci correlate \n Storia dell'Iran\n Espansione islamica\n Scienza e tecnica islamiche\n Arte islamica\n Primi ministri dell'Uzbekistan\n Inno nazionale della Repubblica dell'Uzbekistan\n Politica dell'Uzbekistan\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n Les steppes d'Asie centrale. Histoire et civilisation\n Liste du patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO en Ouzb\u00e9kistan\n Divers liens sur les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de mai 2005 en Ouzb\u00e9kistan\n Fiche sur l'Ouzb\u00e9kistan sur le site de l'universit\u00e9 de Laval, au Qu\u00e9bec \n  Torture in Uzbekistan", "meta": {"title": "Storia dell'Uzbekistan", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storia%20dell%27Uzbekistan", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0422\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437 11 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u041a\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u0428\u044f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u044b. \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u00a0\u2014 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0422\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0439.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0416\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0416\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0441 \u041a\u0443\u043a\u044f\u0447\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u041b\u0451\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u0422\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u2014 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e, \u0411\u0443\u0431\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0428\u044f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0428\u044f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u0422\u0438\u0440\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u0428\u044f\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0428\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0428\u0438\u043b\u0443\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0433\u0435.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \n\u0422\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f 103 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438, 7 \u0445\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 3 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 ().\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041a\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0422\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Limenitis panthalis \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Hans Fruhstorfer. Limenitis panthalis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Limenitis och familjen praktfj\u00e4rilar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nPraktfj\u00e4rilar\npanthalis", "meta": {"title": "Limenitis panthalis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limenitis%20panthalis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Habrophlebia is a genus of pronggilled mayflies in the family Leptophlebiidae. There are about nine described species in Habrophlebia.\n\nSpecies\nThese nine species belong to the genus Habrophlebia:\n Habrophlebia antoninoi Alba-Tercedor, 2000 c g\n Habrophlebia consiglioi Biancheri, 1959 c g\n Habrophlebia eldae Jacob & Sartori, 1984 c g\n Habrophlebia fusca (Curtis, 1834) i c g\n Habrophlebia gilliesi Peter, 1963 g\n Habrophlebia lauta McLachlan, 1884 c g\n Habrophlebia tenella Kang & Yang, 1994 g\n Habrophlebia vaillantorum Thomas, 1986 c g\n Habrophlebia vibrans Needham, 1907 i c g b\nData sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\nMayfly genera\nInsects of Europe\nMayflies", "meta": {"title": "Habrophlebia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habrophlebia", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Scum Lake \u00e4r en sj\u00f6 i Kanada.   Den ligger i provinsen British Columbia, i den sydv\u00e4stra delen av landet,  km v\u00e4ster om huvudstaden Ottawa. Scum Lake ligger  meter \u00f6ver havet. Arean \u00e4r  kvadratkilometer. Den h\u00f6gsta punkten i n\u00e4rheten \u00e4r  meter \u00f6ver havet,  km nordv\u00e4st om Scum Lake. Den str\u00e4cker sig 1,1 kilometer i nord-sydlig riktning, och 2,1 kilometer i \u00f6st-v\u00e4stlig riktning.\n\nI omgivningarna runt Scum Lake v\u00e4xer i huvudsak barrskog. Trakten runt Scum Lake \u00e4r n\u00e4ra nog obefolkad, med mindre \u00e4n tv\u00e5 inv\u00e5nare per kvadratkilometer.  Trakten ing\u00e5r i den boreala klimatzonen. \u00c5rsmedeltemperaturen i trakten \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C. Den varmaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r juli, d\u00e5 medeltemperaturen \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C, och den kallaste \u00e4r december, med \u00a0\u00b0C.\n\nKommentarer\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nInsj\u00f6ar i British Columbia", "meta": {"title": "Scum Lake, British Columbia", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scum%20Lake%2C%20British%20Columbia", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041d\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0441 \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 (; , \u041d\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0435, \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u2014 , \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c)\u00a0\u2014 \u0448\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c\u00bb.\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 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\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435.\n\n\u0421 1957 \u043f\u043e 1962 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 S\u00f6dersjukhuset \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 1958 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0441 1965\u00a0\u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u044e\u0440\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0435.\n\n\u0412 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043b \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u044b (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine), \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n\n\u0412 1965 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041e\u043d \u0442\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0443\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0436\u0438\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0430\u043c\u0444\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u00a0\u0442.\u00a0\u0434. \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0443 \u043b\u0438\u0446, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043e\u043d \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1968 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00bb \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u044f\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00abBrain Report\u00bb, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u0421\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 (1965), \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u00abBrain Report\u00bb \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043b \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0432 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 1968 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\n\n\u0412 1969 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 (RNS), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. RNS \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u00ab\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00bb, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 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\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u0432\u044b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439\u00bb, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430, \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b, \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n http://www.nilsbejerot.se/om.htm  - \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433 \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430\n\n\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430\n\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u044b\n\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432 1921 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\n\u0423\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442, \u041d\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0441", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D1%82%2C%20%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Acid Eaters \u00e8 il tredicesimo album studio del gruppo punk Ramones, pubblicato nel 1993. Si tratta di un album composto interamente da cover.\n\nHa raggiunto la posizione numero 179 nella Billboard 200.\n\nDescrizione \nL'album \u00e8 composto da cover dei gruppi preferiti dai Ramones degli anni sessanta, che ebbero influenza sulla loro musica, come per esempio i Beach Boys, gli Who e i Rolling Stones, tutti presenti nell'album con almeno una cover.\n\nAnche prima della realizzazione di Acid Eaters, i Ramones suonarono o incisero cover di altri gruppi. Ad esempio, gi\u00e0 nel primo album Ramones, trova posto il pezzo Let's Dance di Chris Montez (scritto e accreditato a Jim Lee). Altri esempi sono Needles and Pins dei The Searchers (scritta da Sonny Bono e Jack Nitzsche), Baby, I Love You delle Ronettes, Surfin' Bird dei Trashmen e Palisades Park di Freddy Cannon.\n\nTracce \n\n Traccia bonus (solo in Giappone)\n\nFormazione \n Joey Ramone - voce\n Johnny Ramone - chitarra\n C.J. Ramone - basso e voce d'accompagnamento, voce in Journey to the Center of the Mind, The Shape of Things to Come e My Back Pages\n Marky Ramone - batteria\n\nNote\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nAlbum di cover", "meta": {"title": "Acid Eaters", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid%20Eaters", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials (IFIM) is an organization set up in 2014, within the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) situated in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. The goal of the institute is to provide a bridge between modeling and applied mathematics and imaging data collected from  various forms of microscopy available at ORNL. The current director of the IFIM is Sergei Kalinin who was awarded the Medal for Scanning Probe Microscopy by the Royal Microscopical Society.\nThe institute supports President Obama's  Materials Genome Initiative.\n\nThe IFIM research effort centers at:\n- development of new imaging modes for electron and scanning probe microscopy and chemical imaging, including full information capture, retention, and analysis\n- physics-based image analysis from image library creation to structure-property relationship mining to physics extraction\n- active feedback during imaging, including electron beam atom by atom fabrication (Atomic Forge)\n\nReferences\n\nOak Ridge National Laboratory", "meta": {"title": "Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20for%20Functional%20Imaging%20of%20Materials", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Irina Ol\u00e9govna Buriachok (n. 5 de julio de 1986) es una tenista profesional ucraniana. En su carrera ha conquistado dos t\u00edtulo WTA en dobles.\n\nT\u00edtulos (1)\n\nDobles (1)\n\nFinalista (1)\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n Irina Buryachok en la WTA\n\nTenistas femeninas de Ucrania\nNacidos en Jers\u00f3n", "meta": {"title": "Irina Buriachok", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irina%20Buriachok", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hans Molitoris (* 8. August 1874 in Meschen, \u00d6sterreich-Ungarn; \u2020 29. Mai 1972 in Erlangen) war ein deutscher Rechtsmediziner und Hochschullehrer.\n\nLeben \nHans Molitoris war der Sohn des Schulrektors von Meschen. Nach dem Ende seiner Schullaufbahn absolvierte er bis 1903 ein Studium der Medizin in Innsbruck. W\u00e4hrend seines Studiums wurde er 1892 Mitglied der Burschenschaft Germania Innsbruck. Nach Studienende war er ab 1902 Assistent am gerichtsmedizinischen Institut der Universit\u00e4t Innsbruck, wurde dort 1903 zum Dr. med. promoviert und legte 1905 die Physikatspr\u00fcfung ab. Anfang September 1919 folgte Molitoris dem Ruf auf dem Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr gerichtliche Medizin an die Universit\u00e4t Erlangen zun\u00e4chst als au\u00dferordentlicher Professor und ab 1922 als Ordinarius. Seit 1921 war er Pr\u00e4sident der Deutschen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Gerichtliche Medizin.\n\nMolitoris trat am 1. Mai 1933 der NSDAP (Mitgliedsnummer 3.176.920) sowie dem NS-Lehrerbund bei und war Vertrauensmann des NS-Dozentenbundes an der Medizinischen Fakult\u00e4t Erlangen. Er wurde im August 1939 emeritiert, f\u00fchrte jedoch seine T\u00e4tigkeiten als Hochschullehrer und Leiter des Instituts f\u00fcr gerichtliche Medizin an der Universit\u00e4t Erlangen bis zum Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges weiter. 1945 wurde er von der Milit\u00e4rregierung in den Ruhestand versetzt.\n\nMolitoris war verheiratet und hatte drei S\u00f6hne und zwei T\u00f6chter. Einer der S\u00f6hne, der Frauenarzt Hans Albrecht Molitoris (1905\u20131987), war als langj\u00e4hriger Dozentenbundf\u00fchrer der Universit\u00e4t Erlangen und als Gaudozentenbundf\u00fchrer im Gau Franken der einflussreichste NSDAP-Funktion\u00e4r an der Universit\u00e4t Erlangen.\n\nLiteratur \n Michael Gr\u00fcttner: Biographisches Lexikon zur nationalsozialistischen Wissenschaftspolitik (= Studien zur Wissenschafts- und Universit\u00e4tsgeschichte. Band 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8, S. 121.\n Friedrich Herber: Gerichtsmedizin unterm Hakenkreuz. Voltmedia, Paderborn 2006, ISBN 3-938478-57-8.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nMediziner (20. Jahrhundert)\nRechtsmediziner\nHochschullehrer (Erlangen)\nNSDAP-Mitglied\nBurschenschafter (19. Jahrhundert)\n\u00d6sterreicher\nGeboren 1874\nGestorben 1972\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Hans Molitoris", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Molitoris", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Octasphales \u00e4r ett sl\u00e4kte av fj\u00e4rilar. Octasphales ing\u00e5r i familjen plattmalar. \n\nKladogram enligt Catalogue of Life:\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nPlattmalar\nOctasphales", "meta": {"title": "Octasphales", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octasphales", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) is an amateur radio-based system for real time digital communications of information of immediate value in the local area.  Data can include object Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, weather station telemetry, text messages, announcements, queries, and other telemetry. APRS data can be displayed on a map, which can show stations, objects, tracks of moving objects, weather stations, search and rescue data, and direction finding data.\n\nAPRS data is typically transmitted on a single shared frequency (depending on country) to be repeated locally by area relay stations (digipeaters) for widespread local consumption. In addition, all such data are typically ingested into the APRS Internet System (APRS-IS) via an Internet-connected receiver (IGate) and distributed globally for ubiquitous and immediate access.  Data shared via radio or Internet are collected by all users and can be combined with external map data to build a shared live view.\n\nAPRS was developed from the late 1980s forward by Bob Bruninga, call sign WB4APR, a senior research engineer at the United States Naval Academy. He maintained the main APRS Web site until his death in 2022. The initialism \"APRS\" was derived from his call sign.\n\n\n\nHistory\nBob Bruninga, a senior research engineer at the United States Naval Academy, implemented the earliest ancestor of APRS on an Apple II computer in 1982. This early version was used to map high frequency Navy position reports. The first use of APRS was in 1984, when Bruninga developed a more advanced version on a VIC-20 for reporting the position and status of horses in a  endurance run.\n\nDuring the next two years, Bruninga continued to develop the system, which he then called the Connectionless Emergency Traffic System (CETS). Following a series of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) exercises using CETS, the system was ported to the IBM Personal Computer. During the early 1990s, CETS (then known as the Automatic Position Reporting System) continued to evolve into its current form.\n\nAs GPS technology became more widely available, \"Position\" was replaced with \"Packet\" to better describe the more generic capabilities of the system and to emphasize its uses beyond mere position reporting.\n\nBruninga has also stated that APRS was not meant to be a vehicle position tracking system, and can be interpreted rather as \u201cAutomatic Presence Reporting System\u201d.\n\nNetwork overview\nAPRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System), is a digital communications protocol for exchanging information among a large number of stations covering a large (local) area, often referred to as \"IP-ers\". As a multi-user data network, it is quite different from conventional packet radio. Rather than using connected data streams where stations connect to each other and packets are acknowledged and retransmitted if lost, APRS operates entirely in an unconnected broadcast fashion, using unnumbered AX.25 frames.\n\nAPRS packets are transmitted for all other stations to hear and use. Packet repeaters, called digipeaters, form the backbone of the APRS system, and use store and forward technology to retransmit packets. All stations operate on the same radio channel, and packets move through the network from digipeater to digipeater, propagating outward from their point of origin. All stations within radio range of each digipeater receive the packet. At each digipeater, the packet path is changed. The packet will be repeated through only a certain number of digipeaters\u00a0\u2014 or hops\u00a0\u2014 depending upon the all-important \"PATH\" setting.\n\nDigipeaters keep track of the packets they forward for a period of time, thus preventing duplicate packets from being retransmitted. This keeps packets from circulating in endless loops inside the ad hoc network. Eventually, most packets are heard by an APRS Internet Gateway, called an IGate, and the packets are routed on to the Internet APRS backbone (where duplicate packets heard by other IGates are discarded) for display or analysis by other users connected to an APRS-IS server, or on a Web site designed for the purpose.\n\nWhile it would seem that using unconnected and unnumbered packets without acknowledgment and retransmission on a shared and sometimes congested channel would result in poor reliability due to a packet being lost, this is not the case, because the packets are transmitted (broadcast) to everyone and multiplied many times over by each digipeater. This means that all digipeaters and stations in range get a copy, and then proceed to broadcast it to all other digipeaters and stations within their range. The result is that packets are multiplied more than they are lost. Therefore, packets can sometimes be heard some distance from the originating station. Packets can be digitally repeated tens of kilometers or even hundreds of kilometers, depending on the height and range of the digipeaters in the area.\n\nWhen a packet is transmitted, it is duplicated many times as it radiates out, taking all available paths simultaneously, until the number of \"hops\" allowed by the path setting is consumed.\n\nPositions/objects/items\n\nAPRS contains a number of packet types, including position/object/item, status, messages, queries, weather reports and telemetry. The position/object/item packets contain the latitude and longitude, and a symbol to be displayed on the map, and have many optional fields for altitude, course, speed, radiated power, antenna height above average terrain, antenna gain, and voice operating frequency. Positions of fixed stations are configured in the APRS software. Moving stations (portable or mobile) automatically derive their position information from a GPS receiver connected to the APRS equipment.\n\nThe map display uses these fields to plot communication range of all participants and facilitate the ability to contact users during both routine and emergency situations. Each position/object/item packet can use any of several hundred different symbols. Position/objects/items can also contain weather information or can be any number of dozens of standardised weather symbols. Each symbol on an APRS map can display many attributes, discriminated either by colour or other technique. These attributes are:\n\n Moving or fixed\n Dead-reckoned or old\n Message capable or not\n Station, object or item\n Own object or other station object/item\n Emergency, priority, or special\n\nStatus/messages\nThe Status packet is free-field format that lets each station announce its current mission or application or contact information or any other information or data of immediate use to surrounding activities. The message packet can be used for point-to-point messages, bulletins, announcements or even email. Bulletins and Announcements are treated specially and displayed on a single \"community Bulletin board\". This community bulletin board is fixed size and all bulletins from all posters are sorted onto this display. The intent of this display is to be consistent and identical for all viewers so that all participants are seeing the same information at the same time. Since lines are sorted onto the display, then individual posters can edit, update, or delete individual lines of their bulletins at any time to keep the bulletin board up-to-date to all viewers.\n\nAll APRS messages are delivered live in real-time to online recipients. Messages are not stored and forwarded, but retried until timed out. The delivery of these messages is global, since the APRS-IS distributes all packets to all other IGates in the world and those that are messages will actually go back to RF via any IGate that is near the intended recipient.\n\nE-mail \nA special case message can be sent to EMAIL where these messages are pulled off the real-time APRS-IS and wrapped into a standard Email and forwarded into regular Internet email. Until 2019 this was done by the WU2Z Email engine, this is replaced by the javAPRSSrvr Email Gateway.\n\nCapabilities\nIn its simplest implementation, APRS is used to transmit real-time data, information and reports of the exact location of a person or object via a data signal sent over amateur radio frequencies. In addition to real-time position reporting capabilities using attached GPS receivers, APRS is also capable of transmitting a wide variety of data, including weather reports, short text messages, radio direction finding bearings, telemetry data, short e-mail messages (send only) and storm forecasts. Once transmitted, these reports can be combined with a computer and mapping software to show the transmitted data superimposed with great precision upon a map display.\n\nWhile the map plotting is the most visible feature of APRS, the text messaging capabilities and local information distribution capabilities, combined with the robust network, should not be overlooked; the New Jersey Office of Emergency Management has an extensive network of APRS stations to allow text messaging between all of the county Emergency Operating Centers in the event of the failure of conventional communications.\n\nTechnical information\n\nIn its most widely used form, APRS is transported over the AX.25 protocol using 1,200-bit/s Bell 202 AFSK on frequencies located within the 2-meter amateur band.\n\nSample APRS VHF frequencies\n 144.39\u00a0MHz\u00a0: North America, Colombia, Chile, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand\n 144.575\u00a0MHz\u00a0: New Zealand\n 144.64\u00a0MHz\u00a0: Taiwan\n 144.66\u00a0MHz\u00a0: Japan\n 144.8\u00a0MHz\u00a0: South Africa, Europe, Russia\n 144.93\u00a0MHz\u00a0: Argentina, Uruguay, Panama\n 145.175\u00a0MHz\u00a0: Australia\n 145.57\u00a0MHz\u00a0: Brazil\n 145.825\u00a0MHz\u00a0: International Space Station\n 430.5125\u00a0MHz\u00a0: Netherlands (UHF) (Phased out due to transition to 432.5\u00a0MHz.)\n 432.5\u00a0MHz \u00a0: Europe (UHF)\n\nAn extensive digital repeater, or \"digipeater,\" network provides transport for APRS packets on these frequencies. Internet gateway stations (IGates) connect the on-air APRS network to the APRS Internet System (APRS-IS), which serves as a worldwide, high-bandwidth backbone for APRS data. Stations can tap into this stream directly, and a number of databases connected to the APRS-IS allow Web-based access to the data as well as more advanced data-mining capabilities. A number of low-Earth orbiting satellites, including the International Space Station, are capable of relaying APRS data.\n\nEquipment settings\nAn APRS infrastructure comprises a variety of Terminal Node Controller (TNC) equipment put in place by individual amateur radio operators. This includes sound cards interfacing a radio to a computer, simple TNCs, and \"smart\" TNCs. The \"smart\" TNCs are capable of determining what has already happened with the packet and can prevent redundant packet repeating within the network.\n\nReporting stations use a method of routing called a \"path\" to broadcast the information through a network. In a typical packet network, a station would use a path of known stations such as \"via n8xxx,n8ary.\"  This causes the packet to be repeated through the two stations before it stops. In APRS, generic call signs are assigned to repeater stations to allow a more automatic operation.\n\nRecommended path\nThroughout North America (and in many other regions) the recommended path for mobiles or portable stations is now WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1. Fixed Stations (homes, etc.) should not normally use a path routing if they do not need to be digitally repeated outside of their local area, otherwise a path of WIDE2-2 or less should be used as requirements dictate. The path parameter reflects the routing of packets via the radio component of APRS, and fixed stations should carefully consider their choice of path routing. Any path selection for stations that do not require it contributes to congestion of the APRS frequency and may hinder other stations' reporting. Aircraft and balloon APRS stations should avoid beaconing with any path at altitude since digipeating may not be necessary due to their antenna height and likelihood of reaching multiple wide-ranging digipeaters and IGates. Mobile stations in congested areas or more populated areas may consider using only 1 hop (WIDE1-1), as there are usually enough Internet gateways nearby that no path routing is needed. One solution to the path selection is proportional pathing if the user's equipment is capable.\n\nOld path\nEarly on, the widely accepted method of configuring stations was to enable the short-range stations to repeat packets requesting a path of \"RELAY\" and long-range stations were configured to repeat both \"RELAY\" and \"WIDE\" packets. This was accomplished by setting the station's MYALIAS setting to RELAY or WIDE as needed. This resulted in a path of RELAY,WIDE for reporting stations. However, there was no duplicate packet checking or alias substitution. This sometimes caused beacons to \"ping pong\" back and forth instead of propagating outwards from the source. This caused much interference. With no alias substitution, one could not tell which digipeaters a beacon had used.\n\nNew path\nWith the advent of the new \"smart\" TNCs, the stations that used to be \"WIDE\" became \"WIDEn-N.\" This means a packet with a path of WIDE2-2 would be repeated through the first station as WIDE2-2, but the path will be modified (decremented) to WIDE2-1 for the next station to repeat. The packet stops being repeated when the \"-N\" portion of the path reaches \"-0.\" This new protocol has caused the old RELAY and WIDE paths to become obsolete. Digi operators are being asked to re-configure fill-in \"RELAY\" stations to instead respond to WIDE1-1. This results in a new, more efficient path of WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1.\n\nRelated systems\nThe APRS protocol has been adapted and extended to support projects not directly related to its original purpose. The most notable of these are the FireNet and PropNET projects.\n\n APRS FireNet is an Internet-based system using the APRS protocol and much of the same client software to provide fire fighting, earthquake, and weather information in much higher volume and detail than the traditional APRS system is capable of carrying.\n PropNET uses the APRS protocol over AX.25 and PSK31 to study radio frequency propagation. PropNET \"probes\" transmit position reports, along with information on transmitter power, elevation, and antenna gain, at various frequencies to allow monitoring stations to detect changes in propagation conditions. It is based on ACDS, a special client program running under Microsoft Windows.\n\nSee also\n APRS Calling\n Automatic identification system\u2014position reporting system used for marine traffic\n Spartan Packet Radio Experiment\u2014an experiment intended to test the tracking of satellites via amateur packet radio, flown on Space Shuttle mission STS-72.\n Traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS)\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links\n www.aprs.org\u00a0\u2014 Automatic Packet Reporting System site\n \n findU is a database archiving weather, position, telemetry, and message data.\n aprs.fi\u00a0\u2014 Google Map-based tracking/mapping\n www.pinpointaprs.com\u00a0\u2014 A free Windows based desktop APRS client with built-in mapping.\nNRAPRS Pro  Beta APRS system / server for Network Radio users\nDire Wolf is a free open source software replacement for the 1980s technology TNC.\n\nPacket radio", "meta": {"title": "Automatic Packet Reporting System", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic%20Packet%20Reporting%20System", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Domingos do Loreto Couto (Recife) foi um cronista e religioso brasileiro, da Ordem de S\u00e3o Bento. Pertenceu \u00e0 Academia Bras\u00edlica dos Renascidos (1759).\n\nA sua obra Desagravos do Brasil e Gl\u00f3ria de Pernambuco, in\u00e9dita at\u00e9 ao in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XX, reformulou a linha nativista pela busca de valores, lendas e tradi\u00e7\u00f5es entre portugueses, ind\u00edgenas e africanos, na forma\u00e7\u00e3o brasileira. Foi publicada, a primeira parte,  nos Anais da Biblioteca Nacional, por iniciativa de Capistrano de Abreu.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas\n Desagravos do Brasil e Gl\u00f3ria de Pernambuco; autor Domingos do Loreto Couto\n\nCronistas do Brasil\nCat\u00f3licos do Brasil\nNaturais do Recife", "meta": {"title": "Domingos do Loreto Couto", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingos%20do%20Loreto%20Couto", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Speyerer Kameradschaft war der Name einer Widerstandsgruppe im Raum Speyer/Vorderpfalz w\u00e4hrend der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus.\n\nIm Herbst 1942 bildete sich eine Gruppe von Antifaschisten, die sich zun\u00e4chst die Unterst\u00fctzung der Familie des verhafteten Kommunistenf\u00fchrers Ernst Th\u00e4lmann zum Ziel setzte und hierbei auch Pl\u00e4ne zu einer gewaltsamen Befreiung Th\u00e4lmanns verfolgte. Zentrale Personen waren der ehemalige Sozialdemokrat Jakob Schultheis aus Speyer, Wilhelm Kreutz aus Berghausen, die Waldseer Stanislaus Peplinski und Elise Rohr (geb. Tremmel), die Lebensgef\u00e4hrtin des zur Strafdivision 999 zwangsrekrutierten Widerstandsk\u00e4mpfers Johannes Zieger.\n\nBald wurden von diesem Kreis auch konspirative Kontakte zu polnischen und sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen und zivilen Zwangsarbeitern in der Region Speyer aufgebaut. In Waldsee/Pfalz diente die Gastwirtschaft \u201eZur Pfalz\u201c als Treffpunkt f\u00fcr die \u201eOstarbeiterinnen\u201c und Polen aus der Region, wo auch politische Informationen weitergegeben wurden.\n\nIm Fr\u00fchjahr 1944 gelang es der Gestapo, einen Spitzel in das Umfeld der Familie von Th\u00e4lmann in Hamburg anzusetzen. Durch ihn wurde auch die Speyerer Kameradschaft aufgedeckt, was zur Verhaftung eines gro\u00dfen Teils der Mitglieder f\u00fchrte und gleichzeitig mit ihnen auch mindestens vier \u201eOstarbeiterinnen\u201c aus dem Lager der Flugzeugwerke Saarpfalz. Am 9. Februar 1945 begann in Potsdam der Prozess gegen Jakob Schultheis, seine Ehefrau und acht weitere Mitglieder der Speyerer Kameradschaft, darunter Peplinski und Kreutz. Schultheis und Peplinski wurden am 19. M\u00e4rz 1945 im Zuchthaus Brandenburg hingerichtet. Auch Wilhelm Kreutz \u00fcberlebte das NS-Regime nicht. Mit anderen politischen H\u00e4ftlingen wurde er von der SS kurz vor Kriegsende auf einem Transport \u201eliquidiert\u201c. Die Witwe Emma Schultheis wurde im Zuchthaus Brandenburg von der Roten Armee befreit. \u00dcber das weitere Schicksal der sowjetischen Frauen, die von der Gestapo abgeholt wurden, ist nichts bekannt.\n\nLiteratur \nHedwig Br\u00fcchert: Zwangsarbeit 1939\u20131945 \u2013 der \u201eArbeitseinsatz\u201c von zivilen Zwangsarbeiterinnen und Zwangsarbeitern in den Regionen des heutigen Landes Rheinland-Pfalz. Stadtarchiv. Wiesbaden 2003 (= Schriften des Stadtarchivs Wiesbaden, 8). ISBN 3-9802906-9-7.\nKlaus J. Becker: Es ist gut, dass es in Deutschland Gewerkschaften gibt in Lothar Plogsties (Hrsg.): Die \u00d6TV-Kreisverwaltung Ludwigshafen-Speyer-Frankenthal.\nHermann W. Morweiser: Vom antifaschistischen Widerstand in Speyer. VVN-Bund der Antifaschisten. Speyer 1983.\nMichael Schepua: Nationalsozialismus in der pf\u00e4lzischen Provinz: Herrschaftspraxis und Alltagsleben in den Gemeinden des heutigen Landkreises Ludwigshafen 1933-1945. Mannheimer historische Forschungen. Bd. 20. Mannheim 2000. ISBN 3-920671-40-6.\nSchlussbericht der Gestapo Neustadt a. d. Wstr. vom 7. Juli 1944 in LA SP: H91-6306.\n\nWiderstandsgruppe gegen den Nationalsozialismus\nVorderpfalz", "meta": {"title": "Speyerer Kameradschaft", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speyerer%20Kameradschaft", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ornithognathus caeruleipennis es una especie de insecto cole\u00f3ptero de la familia Chrysomelidae.\n\nFue descrita cient\u00edficamente en 1924 por Laboissiere.\n\nReferencias \n\nOrnithognathus", "meta": {"title": "Ornithognathus caeruleipennis", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithognathus%20caeruleipennis", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kazimierz Sikorski (ur. 1736, zm. 1780) \u2212 polski etyk i matematyk, pijar.\n\nWyk\u0142adowca w \u0141om\u017cy\u0144skiej Szkole Pijarskiej. Napisa\u0142 wiele podr\u0119cznik\u00f3w dla szk\u00f3\u0142 \u015brednich, m.in.:\n\nArithmetica brevis et facilis ad usum studiosae iuventutis (Arytmetyka czyli nauka rachunkowa dla u\u017cytku sposobi\u0105cych si\u0119 do nauk matematycznych), Warszawa 1761\nMowy Moralne \u2212 podr\u0119cznik etyczny\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia\nWielcy matematycy, www.gimnazjum2.bierun.pl, 28.06.2007\nSzko\u0142a pijarska w \u0141om\u017cy, www.1lo.lomza.info, 28.06.2007\n\nLudzie zwi\u0105zani z \u0141om\u017c\u0105 (I Rzeczpospolita)\nMatematycy I Rzeczypospolitej\nPolscy etycy\nPolscy pijarzy\nUrodzeni w 1736\nZmarli w 1780", "meta": {"title": "Kazimierz Sikorski (pijar)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazimierz%20Sikorski%20%28pijar%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tikos k\u00f6zs\u00e9g Somogy v\u00e1rmegy\u00e9ben, a Marcali j\u00e1r\u00e1sban.\n\nFekv\u00e9se \nMarcalit\u00f3l \u00e9szaknyugatra, F\u0151nyed \u00e9s Holl\u00e1d k\u00f6zt fekv\u0151 telep\u00fcl\u00e9s. K\u00f6zigazgat\u00e1si ter\u00fclet\u00e9n \u00e1thalad az M7-es aut\u00f3p\u00e1lya \u00e9s a 7-es f\u0151\u00fat is, de a belter\u00fclete csak egy \u00f6t sz\u00e1mjegy\u0171 mell\u00e9k\u00faton \u00e9rhet\u0151 el a 7-es fel\u0151l (75\u00a0104-es \u00fat), illetve a sztr\u00e1da t\u00faloldal\u00e1n fekv\u0151 Szegerd\u0151 ir\u00e1ny\u00e1b\u00f3l egy \u00f6nkorm\u00e1nyzati \u00faton, amely fel\u00fclj\u00e1r\u00f3val keresztezi az aut\u00f3p\u00e1lya nyomvonal\u00e1t. Ter\u00fclet\u00e9nek keleti hat\u00e1rsz\u00e9l\u00e9n h\u00faz\u00f3dik a 7501-es \u00fat kezdeti szakasza is.\n\nT\u00f6rt\u00e9nete \nA telep\u00fcl\u00e9s \u00e9s k\u00f6rny\u00e9ke \u0151sid\u0151k \u00f3ta lakott hely lehetett, ezt bizony\u00edtj\u00e1k a telep\u00fcl\u00e9s k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben fut\u00f3 M7-es aut\u00f3p\u00e1lya nyomvonal\u00e1ban 2003-ban felt\u00e1rt k\u00e9s\u0151 bronzkorb\u00f3l \u00e9s a r\u00f3mai korb\u00f3l val\u00f3 leletek is.\n\nA mai Tikos \u00c1rp\u00e1d-kori telep\u00fcl\u00e9s. Nev\u00e9t 1299-ben eml\u00edtette el\u0151sz\u00f6r oklev\u00e9l Tykus alakban \u00edrva. A 14. sz\u00e1zad k\u00f6zep\u00e9n Fej\u00e9regyh\u00e1zi Gy\u00f6rgy birtoka volt, akinek le\u00e1ny\u00e1t I. Lajos kir\u00e1ly 1368-ban fi\u00fas\u00edtotta. 1405-ben thapsoni Anthymus J\u00e1nos  (fl. 1368\u20131423) nyerte Fej\u00e9regyh\u00e1zi Katics asszonyt\u00f3l, majd 1406-ban Berzenczei L\u00f3r\u00e1nt fia, Gy\u00f6rgy kapta meg. A 14. sz\u00e1zadban h\u00e1rom ilyen nev\u0171 helys\u00e9g volt egym\u00e1s mellett: 1417-ben a K\u00f6z\u00e9ptikos nev\u0171 helys\u00e9gben l\u00e9v\u0151 S\u00e1volyi Gy\u00f6ke csal\u00e1d birtokait thapsoni Anthymus J\u00e1nos nyerte adom\u00e1nyul. 1474-ben pedig V\u00e9ssey Mikl\u00f3s z\u00e1logos\u00edtott el egyes r\u00e9szeket Als\u00f3-Tikos helys\u00e9gben. \n\nAz 1464-1482 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti \u00e9vekben Szeny\u00e9r v\u00e1r\u00e1nak tartoz\u00e9kai k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szerepelt. 1480-ban Berzenczei Sandrin pert ind\u00edtott K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Tikos miatt P\u00e1ti T\u00f6r\u00f6k Kocs\u00e1rd ellen. 1484-ben Szobi P\u00e9ter fia, Mih\u00e1ly, itteni birtokr\u00e9szeit Batthy\u00e1ny Boldizs\u00e1r k\u0151szegi kapit\u00e1nynak \u00e9s grebeni Hermanfi L\u00e1szl\u00f3nak z\u00e1logos\u00edtotta el. 1486-ban M\u00e1ty\u00e1s kir\u00e1ly P\u00e1ti T\u00f6r\u00f6k L\u00e1szl\u00f3 itteni birtokait Tolnai Bornemisza J\u00e1nosnak adom\u00e1nyozta, aki azonban, kegyelmet eszk\u00f6z\u00f6lve ki sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, birtokai fel\u00e9t neki visszaadta. 1496-ban Holl\u00e1d-Tikos is eml\u00edtve volt, amely ekkor a T\u00f3ti Lengyel csal\u00e1d birtoka. Az 1536 \u00e9vi ad\u00f3lajstromban is k\u00e9t Tikos nev\u0171 helys\u00e9get tal\u00e1lunk: Tikos, Hol\u00e1ddal egy\u00fctt, az esztergomi k\u00e1ptalan birtoka, K\u00e1poln\u00e1s-Tikos pedig V\u00e9ssey L\u00e1szl\u00f3 \u00e9s G\u00e1sp\u00e1r birtoka volt. Az 1550 \u00e9vi ad\u00f3lajstromban pedig m\u00e1r h\u00e1rom ilyen nev\u0171 helys\u00e9g is el\u0151fordult: K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Tikos, mely elpusztultnak volt \u00edrva; f\u00f6ldesura Lengyel Boldizs\u00e1r volt, Als\u00f3-Tikos, ennek lakosai az ad\u00f3lajstrom szerint sz\u00e9tfutottak. Ennek V\u00e9ssey L\u00e1szl\u00f3 volt a f\u00f6ldesura. Holl\u00e1d-Tikos, melynek W\u00e1rday Zsigmond volt a f\u00f6ldesura. \n\nSz\u00e1zt\u00edz \u00e9vvel k\u00e9s\u0151bb, az 1660 \u00e9vi d\u00e9zsmav\u00e1lts\u00e1gjegyz\u00e9kben m\u00e1r csup\u00e1n egy Tikos fordult el\u0151: \u00e9s ez a szigligeti v\u00e1rhoz tartozott. 1703 k\u00f6r\u00fcl egy \u00f6ssze\u00edr\u00e1s szerint Fels\u0151-Tikos Festetics P\u00e1l, Kis-Tikos Bak\u00f3 Farkas birtoka volt. 1726-ban pedig Fels\u0151-Tikos Festetics Krist\u00f3f\u00e9, Kis-Tikos pedig 1726-1733 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt is Bak\u00f3 Farkas birtoka volt. Az 1733 \u00e9vi \u00f6ssze\u00edr\u00e1sban pedig m\u00e1r Fels\u0151-Tikos Nagy-Tikos alakban volt \u00edrva. 1767-ben mindk\u00e9t Tikos Festetics Krist\u00f3f birtoka volt. 1776-ban Nagy- \u00e9s Kis-Tikos Festetics P\u00e1l\u00e9, 1835-ben pedig gr\u00f3f Festetics L\u00e1szl\u00f3\u00e9 volt. \n\nA 20. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9n Somogy v\u00e1rmegye Marcali j\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1hoz tartozott.\n\n1910-ben 303 magyar lakosa volt. Ebb\u0151l 301 r\u00f3mai katolikus volt.\n\nK\u00f6z\u00e9lete\n\nPolg\u00e1rmesterei\n 1990\u20131994: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n 1994\u20131998: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n 1998\u20132002: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n 2002\u20132006: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n 2006\u20132010: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n 2010\u20132014: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n 2014\u20132019: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n 2019-t\u0151l: K\u00f3nya L\u00e1szl\u00f3 (f\u00fcggetlen)\n\nN\u00e9pess\u00e9g\nA telep\u00fcl\u00e9s n\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9nek v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sa:\n\n\t \nA 2011-es n\u00e9psz\u00e1ml\u00e1l\u00e1s sor\u00e1n a lakosok 70,8%-a magyarnak, 26,5% cig\u00e1nynak, 1,8% n\u00e9metnek mondta mag\u00e1t (29,2% nem nyilatkozott; a kett\u0151s identit\u00e1sok miatt a v\u00e9g\u00f6sszeg nagyobb lehet 100%-n\u00e1l). A vall\u00e1si megoszl\u00e1s a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 volt: r\u00f3mai katolikus 32,7%, reform\u00e1tus 1,8%, g\u00f6r\u00f6gkatolikus 0,9%, felekezeten k\u00edv\u00fcli 1,8% (62,8% nem nyilatkozott).\n\nJegyzetek \n Borovszky Samu: Somogy v\u00e1rmegye\n\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k \n Vend\u00e9gv\u00e1r\u00f3 \u2013 Tikos\n\nKapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 sz\u00f3cikkek \n\nSomogy megye telep\u00fcl\u00e9sei\nSomogy v\u00e1rmegye telep\u00fcl\u00e9sei", "meta": {"title": "Tikos (Magyarorsz\u00e1g)", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikos%20%28Magyarorsz%C3%A1g%29", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Barleria volkensii \u00e4r en akantusv\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Gustav Lindau. Barleria volkensii ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Barleria och familjen akantusv\u00e4xter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nAkantusv\u00e4xter\nvolkensii", "meta": {"title": "Barleria volkensii", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barleria%20volkensii", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Saison 2000/01 war die sechste regul\u00e4re Saison der West Coast Hockey League. W\u00e4hrend der regul\u00e4ren Saison bestritten die neun Teams jeweils 72 Spiele. In den Play-offs setzten sich die San Diego Gulls durch und gewannen den vierten Taylor Cup in ihrer Vereinsgeschichte.\n\nTeam\u00e4nderungen \nFolgende \u00c4nderungen wurden vor Beginn der Saison vorgenommen:\n Die Long Beach Ice Dogs aus der International Hockey League wurden als Expansionsteam in die Liga aufgenommen.\n\nRegul\u00e4re Saison\n\nAbschlusstabelle \nAbk\u00fcrzungen: GP = Spiele, W = Siege, L = Niederlagen, T = Unentschieden, OTL = Niederlage nach Overtime, GF = Erzielte Tore, GA = Gegentore, Pts = Punkte\n\nTaylor Cup-Playoffs\n\nWeblinks \n Saison 2000/01 auf hockeydb.com (englisch)\n\n2000/01\nEishockeysaison 2000/01", "meta": {"title": "WCHL 2000/01", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCHL%202000/01", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Victor Zagainov (May 31, 1953 \u2013 October 5, 2002) was a hot air balloon pilot and astronomer from Kazakhstan. He was the first and only hot air balloon champion of the USSR (1991), Hot Air Balloon champion of the Republic of Kazakhstan (1993), the winner of the International Balloon Grand Prix Todi (Italy) (1993), the champion of the CIS (1996). He organized Grand Prix of Zagainov and was awarded F\u00e9d\u00e9ration A\u00e9ronautique Internationale (FAI) Diploma for Outstanding Airmanship (Award ID# 5349) and the FAI Air Sport Medal (Award ID# 5244) in 2003.\n\nEarly years \n\nVictor Zagainov was born in the family of a military pilot Alexander Zagainov  in Tsulukidze (now Khoni) of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, where at that time the military unit of his father was based. His father retired in Lugansk (former Voroshilovgrad), Ukraine where Victor grew up. From his early years, Victor had two passions, both related to the sky - he wanted to fly like his father, and he was in love with the stars. However due to partial colour blindness Victor was not accepted to the flight school. Therefore stars became his main obsession and future profession.\n\nFrom the 7th grade, he spent much time in Lugansk Pedagogical Institute, where there was a small telescope. He did many observations and read a lot. He was a winner of the Republican Astronomy Olympiad in grade 9th and 10th. He graduated school in Lugansk and entered Odessa University in 1971 with Astronomy major.\n\nAfter graduation he worked as an astronomer at the limited access observatory in Uzbekistan and later in Kazakhstan near Alma-Ata (now Almaty). In 1980, Victor decided to settle in Kazakhstan.\n\nTeaching of astronomy \n\nFor several years (1983-1990) Mr. Zagainov led a club of amateur astronomers at the National Palace of Pioneers of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Among his students are well-known physicists, mathematicians, journalists working in Almaty, Russia and abroad. Many of them repeatedly flew with Victor on his legendary balloon \"Altair\". For many of them he was not only a teacher but also a father. His heart and home were always open to them. Even after 13 years of not running the club they came to him for advice.\n\nHot air ballooning \n\nIn 1989, Victor was first introduced to ballooning - long cherished dream of a flight in the sky. In 1990 he had built his first hot air balloon. The envelope was made in Feodosiya, the burner was done by well-known designer D. Bimbat in Sverdlovsk and the basket he weaved himself. The name and design of the balloon reflected his two passions (astronomy and flights). A proudly soaring eagle and the inscription \"Altair\" (which in Arabic means \"The flying eagle\") - the name of Alpha Aquilae.\n\nThe first inflation of \"Altair\" happened in December 1990 in Sverdlovsk. In February 1991 he flew this balloon in Norway. Then in August it was in Ukraine. In September 1991 Victor Zagainov on the Hot Air Balloon \"Altair\" become the first champion of the USSR. In the same year the Soviet Union collapsed, so Victor Zagainov was the only one to receive this title. His astronomy club students were not only his first passengers, but also members of his crew. Three out of the four members of his crew at the National Championship of USSR in 1991 were his former students.\n\nGrand Prix of Zagainov \n\nVictor was one of the biggest promoters of Hot Air Ballooning. As part of this work in his new home country Kazakhstan he organized Hot Air Balloon competition - Grand Prix of Zagainov. For the first time it took place in 1992. Such event offered opportunity for novice pilots to improve their skills, while introducing international standards to them. To help Kazakh pilots improve their level, Victor invited pilots from Pakistan, France, Switzerland, England, Scotland, Germany, United States, Ukraine and Russia. Main goal of Grand Prix of Zagainov was to rise new generation of pilots.\n\nAs part of Grand Prix of Zagainov in 1996 Victor organized national records setting flight for Hot Air Balloons of different classes. This was a first time any Hot Air Balloon record registration request was submitted to FAI.\n\nOther events and competitions\n\nFinal flight \n\nOn October 3, 2002, taking part in a ballooning event in the town of Zheleznovodsk (Russia), Victor Zagainov's balloon was involved in a mid-air collision between his balloon's envelope and a descending balloon's basket. Victor's envelope was torn open at a height of 300 m, initiating a very fast and uncontrolled descent. Despite his best efforts to keep the balloon inflated with continuous heating, the envelope caught fire, deflated and the balloon plunged to the ground.\n\nOn board with Victor, as the only passenger, was his best friend's and crew-member's 19-year-old daughter. Realizing that he could not stop or slow the balloon's descent, just before impact Victor lifted the girl in his arms and placed himself underneath her, thus acting as a living cushion on impact. Both occupants survived the crash and the girl was released from hospital after a routine check, with just a few scratches and concussion. Victor Zagainov succumbed to severe internal injuries two days later.\n\nReferences \n\n1953 births\n2002 deaths\nSoviet balloonists\nKazakhstani balloonists\nHot Air Ballooning in Kazakhstan\nSoviet astronomers", "meta": {"title": "Victor Zagainov", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor%20Zagainov", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Target \u00e8 stato un rotocalco televisivo italiano ideato da Gregorio Paolini e andato in onda dal 1993 al 2000 su Canale 5.\n\nIl programma, della durata di 25 minuti (poi ampliati a 50), \u00e8 andato in onda a partire dal 1\u00ba novembre 1993 fino al 2000, dapprima nella seconda serata del luned\u00ec e in seguito anticipato alla domenica, sempre in seconda serata.\n\nIl programma \nConsiderata come una delle trasmissioni pi\u00f9 influenti degli anni novanta per quanto riguarda il taglio e i metodi di ripresa, si occupava attraverso filmati e servizi pi\u00f9 o meno brevi di argomenti televisivi, analizzando i fenomeni del mondo catodico e trattandoli spesso in maniera ironica. Volto simbolo di Target \u00e8 considerata Gaia De Laurentiis, al debutto come conduttrice televisiva, che dopo quattro edizioni, in quella del 1997-98 condivise il ruolo col giornalista Mimmo Lombezzi, per lasciare definitivamente il posto nel 1998 a Natasha Stefanenko, sostituita a sua volta nel 1999 da Tamara Don\u00e0. Sempre nel 1998 Gregorio Paolini, autore storico del programma, lasci\u00f2 la redazione di Target anch'egli dopo averne realizzato cinque edizioni, passando alla Rai.\n\nNegli anni, tra le rubriche e i servizi fissi si sono susseguite \"Ciro fax\", in cui gli spettatori chiamando un numero potevano richiedere 24 ore su 24 dei filmati di programmi televisivi, e il \"Baudometro\", in cui si contavano i minuti di presenza televisiva di Pippo Baudo in tv nella settimana appena trascorsa, insieme al \"Che Baudo far\u00e0?\", pronostico di quanto tempo Baudo sarebbe rimasto in video la settimana successiva. Tra gli opinionisti erano spesso presenti Aldo Busi, scrittore che analizz\u00f2 il Festival di Sanremo 1994 per la trasmissione, Enrico Vaime, autore televisivo che presentava il suo editoriale \"La colonna infame\", di stampo satirico, e nell'ultima edizione Platinette, che in quegli anni si affacciava nel mondo della televisione.\n\nTra le particolarit\u00e0 del programma ci fu la conduzione, nella prima puntata della sesta stagione (4 ottobre 1998), eseguita da un cavallo di nome Daisy, che doppiato da una voce femminile introduceva i servizi. In chiusura della puntata fu rivelata la conduttrice ufficiale, Natasha Stefanenko. Inoltre nel 1997, la De Laurentiis condusse su Italia 1 il variet\u00e0 Ciro, il figlio di Target, che trattava con ironia parecchi argomenti oltre a quello televisivo. Il titolo di questo programma, cos\u00ec come quello del \"Ciro fax\", erano legati alla vicenda che vide Sandra Milo protagonista nel 1990 di uno scherzo in cui le veniva riferito in diretta durante la trasmissione L'amore \u00e8 una cosa meravigliosa che il figlio di nome Ciro era ricoverato in gravi condizioni in seguito ad un incidente stradale, a causa del quale la conduttrice e attrice scapp\u00f2 dallo studio per soccorrere il figlio urlando il suo nome, nella disperazione.\n\nNell'estate del 1994, terminata la prima stagione regolare del programma, furono realizzate alcune puntate dell'edizione denominata Target Light, che and\u00f2 in onda ogni luned\u00ec in seconda serata, dal 13 giugno al 12 settembre.\n\nNell'edizione 1996/97 Gaia De Laurentiis fu costretta a lasciare per alcune puntate la conduzione del programma, causa maternit\u00e0; fu sostituita ogni settimana da un \"conduttore\" diverso: Enrico Ghezzi, Renzo Arbore etc. I servizi venivano presentati con tale formula: la De Laurentiis introduceva con una frase generica (come \u00abLo sapevate che...\u00bb), quindi fingeva un improvviso colpo di tosse, per proseguire con la voce mutata in quella del sostituto di turno, che veniva per\u00f2 in parte mostrato mentre effettuava il doppiaggio.\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia \n Joseph Baroni. Dizionario della Televisione, pag 472. Raffaello Cortina Editore. ISBN 88-7078-972-1.\n\nProgrammi televisivi degli anni 1990\nProgrammi televisivi degli anni 2000\nProgrammi metatelevisivi", "meta": {"title": "Target (programma televisivo)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Target%20%28programma%20televisivo%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Grisy-Suisnes est une commune fran\u00e7aise situ\u00e9e dans le d\u00e9partement de Seine-et-Marne, en r\u00e9gion \u00cele-de-France.\n\nG\u00e9ographie\n\nLocalisation \n\nLa commune est situ\u00e9e \u00e0 environ  par la route \u00e0 l\u2019est de Brie-Comte-Robert.\n\nCommunes limitrophes\n\nG\u00e9ologie et relief \nL'altitude de la commune varie de  \u00e0  pour le point le plus haut, le centre du bourg se situant \u00e0 environ  d'altitude (mairie). Elle est class\u00e9e en zone de sismicit\u00e9 1, correspondant \u00e0 une sismicit\u00e9 tr\u00e8s faible.\n\nHydrographie\n\nR\u00e9seau hydrographique \n\nLe r\u00e9seau hydrographique de la commune se compose de trois cours d'eau r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9s :\n la rivi\u00e8re l\u2019Yerres, longue de , affluent en rive droite de la Seine ;\n la Barban\u00e7onne, longue de , et ;\n le ru de Fontaine, , affluents de l\u2019Yerres.\nLa longueur totale des cours d'eau sur la commune est de .\n\nGestion des cours d'eau \nAfin d\u2019atteindre le bon \u00e9tat des eaux impos\u00e9 par la Directive-cadre sur l'eau du , plusieurs outils de gestion int\u00e9gr\u00e9e s\u2019articulent \u00e0 diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9chelles : le SDAGE, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du bassin hydrographique, et le SAGE, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle locale. Ce dernier fixe les objectifs g\u00e9n\u00e9raux d\u2019utilisation, de mise en valeur et de protection quantitative et qualitative des ressources en eau superficielle et souterraine. Le d\u00e9partement de Seine-et-Marne est couvert par six SAGE, au sein du bassin Seine-Normandie.\n\nLa commune fait partie du SAGE \u00ab Yerres \u00bb, approuv\u00e9 le . Le territoire de ce SAGE correspond au bassin versant de l\u2019Yerres, d'une superficie de , parcouru par un r\u00e9seau hydrographique de  de long environ, r\u00e9partis entre le cours de l\u2019Yerres et ses affluents principaux que sont : le ru de l'\u00c9tang de Beuvron, la Visandre, l\u2019Yvron, le Br\u00e9on, l\u2019Avon, la Marsange, la Barban\u00e7onne, le R\u00e9veillon. Le pilotage et l\u2019animation du SAGE sont assur\u00e9s par le syndicat mixte pour l\u2019Assainissement et la Gestion des eaux du bassin versant de l\u2019Yerres (SYAGE), qualifi\u00e9 de \u00ab structure porteuse \u00bb.\n\nClimat \n\nLa commune b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u2019un \u00ab climat oc\u00e9anique d\u00e9grad\u00e9 des plaines du Centre et du Nord \u00bb, selon la typologie des climats en France  d\u00e9finie en 2010. Ce type affecte l\u2019ensemble du Bassin parisien avec une extension vers le sud, dont la totalit\u00e9 des communes de Seine-et-Marne.\n\nLes param\u00e8tres climatiques qui ont permis d\u2019\u00e9tablir cette typologie comportent six variables pour les temp\u00e9ratures et huit pour les pr\u00e9cipitations, dont les valeurs correspondent aux donn\u00e9es mensuelles sur la normale 1971-2000. Les sept principales variables caract\u00e9risant la commune sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans l'encadr\u00e9 ci-contre. Avec le changement climatique, ces variables ont pu depuis \u00e9voluer. Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 2014 par la Direction g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l'\u00c9nergie et du Climat pr\u00e9voit en effet que la  temp\u00e9rature moyenne devrait cro\u00eetre et la pluviom\u00e9trie moyenne baisser, avec toutefois de fortes variations r\u00e9gionales. Cette \u00e9volution peut \u00eatre constat\u00e9e sur la station m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique historique de M\u00e9t\u00e9o-France la plus proche, Melun - Villaroche , qui se trouve \u00e0  \u00e0 vol d'oiseau, o\u00f9 la temp\u00e9rature moyenne annuelle \u00e9volue de  pour 1981-2010 \u00e0  pour 1991-2020.\n\nMilieux naturels et biodiversit\u00e9 \n\nL\u2019inventaire des zones naturelles d'int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e9cologique, faunistique et floristique (ZNIEFF) a pour objectif de r\u00e9aliser une couverture des zones les plus int\u00e9ressantes sur le plan \u00e9cologique, essentiellement dans la perspective d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la connaissance du patrimoine naturel national et de fournir aux diff\u00e9rents d\u00e9cideurs un outil d\u2019aide \u00e0 la prise en compte de l\u2019environnement dans l\u2019am\u00e9nagement du territoire.\n\nLe territoire communal de Grisy-Suisnes comprend une ZNIEFF de , \nla \u00ab for\u00eat de la L\u00e9chelle et de Coubert \u00bb (), couvrant  du d\u00e9partement.\n\nUrbanisme\n\nTypologie \nGrisy-Suisnes est une commune rurale, car elle fait partie des communes peu ou tr\u00e8s peu denses, au sens de la grille communale de densit\u00e9 de l'Insee.\nElle appartient \u00e0 l'unit\u00e9 urbaine de Grisy-Suisnes, une unit\u00e9 urbaine monocommunale de  en , constituant une ville isol\u00e9e.\n\nPar ailleurs la commune fait partie de l'aire d'attraction de Paris, dont elle est une commune de la couronne. Cette aire regroupe .\n\nLieux-dits et \u00e9carts \nLa commune compte  lieux-dits administratifs r\u00e9pertori\u00e9s consultables ici (source : le fichier Fantoir).\n\nCordon \nCordon est un hameau de la commune de Grisy-Suisnes.\nCordon est situ\u00e9 \u00e0  de Suisnes.\n\nLe Chemin vert \nLe Chemin vert est situ\u00e9 entre Brie-Comte-Robert et Coubert, il y a en tout  de chemin de terre, il y a beaucoup de gens qui cherchent du calme, faire du v\u00e9lo, une balade en amoureux, et pour les grandes randonn\u00e9es. Il emprunte le trajet de l'ancienne ligne de chemin de fer entre Paris-Bastille et Verneuil-l'\u00c9tang. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 rebaptis\u00e9 depuis le Chemin des Roses.\n\nLe Petit-Grisy \n\nLe Petit-Grisy est un lieu-dit de la commune de Grisy-Suisnes.\n\nLe Petit-Grisy est situ\u00e9 \u00e0  de Paris sur la d\u00e9partementale 319, \u00e0  de Brie-Comte-Robert et \u00e0  de Coubert. Son acc\u00e8s est facilit\u00e9 par la pr\u00e9sence des autoroutes : l'A4, l'A5, l'A6 et la Francilienne (N 104). Un autobus permet d'aller \u00e0 Brie-Comte-Robert et \u00e0 Melun.\n\nSuisnes \nSuisnes est un lieu-dit de la commune de Grisy-Suisnes.\n\nSuisnes est situ\u00e9 \u00e0  de Paris pr\u00e8s de la d\u00e9partementale 319, \u00e0  de Brie-Comte-Robert et \u00e0  de Coubert ; \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9, il y le lieu-dit le Petit-Grisy.\n\n Ch\u00e2teau de Suisnes : parc romantique de  r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Duch\u00eane pour le baron Jacques de Noirmont.\n\nOccupation des sols \nL'occupation des sols de la commune, telle qu'elle ressort de la base de donn\u00e9es europ\u00e9enne d\u2019occupation biophysique des sols Corine Land Cover (CLC), est marqu\u00e9e par l'importance des territoires agricoles (70,5 % en 2018), n\u00e9anmoins en diminution par rapport \u00e0 1990 (73,7 %). La r\u00e9partition d\u00e9taill\u00e9e en 2018 est la suivante : \nterres arables (66,8% ), for\u00eats (21% ), zones urbanis\u00e9es (7,3% ), zones agricoles h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes (3,7% ), milieux \u00e0 v\u00e9g\u00e9tation arbustive et/ou herbac\u00e9e (1,2 %).\n\nParall\u00e8lement, L'Institut Paris R\u00e9gion, agence d'urbanisme de la r\u00e9gion \u00cele-de-France, a mis en place un inventaire num\u00e9rique de l'occupation du sol de l'\u00cele-de-France, d\u00e9nomm\u00e9 le MOS (Mode d'occupation du sol), actualis\u00e9 r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement depuis sa premi\u00e8re \u00e9dition en 1982. R\u00e9alis\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de photos a\u00e9riennes, le Mos distingue les espaces naturels, agricoles et forestiers mais aussi les espaces urbains (habitat, infrastructures, \u00e9quipements, activit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques, etc.) selon une classification pouvant aller jusqu'\u00e0 81 postes, diff\u00e9rente de celle de Corine Land Cover. L'Institut met \u00e9galement \u00e0 disposition des outils permettant de visualiser par photo a\u00e9rienne l'\u00e9volution de l'occupation des sols de la commune entre 1949 et 2018.\n\nPlanification \nLa commune disposait en 2019 d'un plan local d'urbanisme en r\u00e9vision. Le zonage r\u00e9glementaire et le r\u00e8glement associ\u00e9 peuvent \u00eatre consult\u00e9s sur le G\u00e9oportail de l'urbanisme.\n\nLogement \nEn 2017, le nombre total de logements dans la commune \u00e9tait de  dont 86,1 % de maisons et 11,6 % d'appartements.\n\nParmi ces logements, 87,7 % \u00e9taient des r\u00e9sidences principales, 1,3 % des r\u00e9sidences secondaires et 11 % des logements vacants.\n\nLa part des m\u00e9nages fiscaux propri\u00e9taires de leur r\u00e9sidence principale s'\u00e9levait \u00e0 84 % contre 14 % de locataires et 1,9 % log\u00e9s gratuitement.\n\nToponymie \n\nLe nom de la localit\u00e9 est mentionn\u00e9 sous les formes Grisy en Brie en 1258 ; Grisacum en 1352 ; \u00ab La seigneurie de Grisy, sise en Brie \u00bb en 1468 ; Grizy en 1671.\n\nGrisy : Pays de gr\u00e8s sur les buttes dominant la rivi\u00e8re Barban\u00e7onne.\n\nSuisnes : du gaulois sedo (hauteur) et durum (forteresse).\n\nHistoire \n\nLe ch\u00e2teau de la Grange-le-Roi est b\u00e2ti par Fran\u00e7ois .\n\nAu , jusque dans les ann\u00e9es 1970, Grisy-Suisnes vit de la culture de la rose. Les \u00e9tablissements Cochet en exp\u00e9dient dans l'Europe enti\u00e8re. Une ligne de chemin de fer sp\u00e9ciale relie Grisy-Suisnes \u00e0 Paris pour livrer des roses fra\u00eeches aux Halles. Le pic de l'activit\u00e9 est de mai \u00e0 juillet.\n\nPolitique et administration \nEn 2005, la commune a re\u00e7u la mention \u00ab Ville Internet \u00bb.\n\nTendances politiques et r\u00e9sultats\n\nListe des maires\n\nJumelages\n\n\u00c9quipements et services\n\nEau et assainissement \nL\u2019organisation de la distribution de l\u2019eau potable, de la collecte et du traitement des eaux us\u00e9es et pluviales rel\u00e8ve des communes. La loi NOTRe de 2015 a accru le r\u00f4le des EPCI \u00e0 fiscalit\u00e9 propre en leur transf\u00e9rant cette comp\u00e9tence. Ce transfert devait en principe \u00eatre effectif au , mais la loi Ferrand-Fesneau du  a introduit la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019un report de ce transfert au .\n\nAssainissement des eaux us\u00e9es \nEn 2020, la gestion du service d'assainissement collectif de la commune de Grisy-Suisnes est assur\u00e9e par la communaut\u00e9 de communes Brie des Rivi\u00e8res et Ch\u00e2teaux (CCBRC) pour la collecte, le transport et la d\u00e9pollution. Ce service est g\u00e9r\u00e9 en d\u00e9l\u00e9gation par une entreprise priv\u00e9e.\n\nL\u2019assainissement non collectif (ANC) d\u00e9signe les installations individuelles de traitement des eaux domestiques qui ne sont pas desservies par un r\u00e9seau public de collecte des eaux us\u00e9es et qui doivent en cons\u00e9quence traiter elles-m\u00eames leurs eaux us\u00e9es avant de les rejeter dans le milieu naturel. La communaut\u00e9 de communes Brie des Rivi\u00e8res et Ch\u00e2teaux (CCBRC) assure pour le compte de la commune le service public d'assainissement non collectif (SPANC), qui a pour mission de v\u00e9rifier la bonne ex\u00e9cution des travaux de r\u00e9alisation et de r\u00e9habilitation, ainsi que le bon fonctionnement et l\u2019entretien des installations.\n\nEau potable \nEn 2020, l'alimentation en eau potable est assur\u00e9e par la communaut\u00e9 de communes Brie des Rivi\u00e8res et Ch\u00e2teaux (CCBRC) qui en a d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 la gestion \u00e0 l'entreprise Suez, dont le contrat expire le .\n\nPopulation et soci\u00e9t\u00e9\n\nD\u00e9mographie\n\nCultes \n\nLe culte catholique est c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9 en l'\u00e9glise Notre-Dame-des-Roses d'architecture moderne.\n\nSports \nFootball : l'Union Sportive de Grisy Suisnes (USGS) a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1996. l'USGS a trouv\u00e9 son rythme de croisi\u00e8re \u00e0 partir de l'an 2000. Les Anciens de Grisy Suisnes ont r\u00e9alis\u00e9 3 mont\u00e9es successives de division passant de la deuxi\u00e8me division de District en 2006 (sud Seine et Marne) \u00e0 la Promotion d'Honneur en 2009 (Ligue de Paris Ile-de-France). L'ann\u00e9e 2009, au-del\u00e0 de la mont\u00e9e en r\u00e9gionale, a \u00e9t\u00e9 marqu\u00e9e par le premier troph\u00e9e du club puisque l'USGS a remport\u00e9 la coupe des Anciens sud Seine et Marne.\n\nL'USGS a lanc\u00e9 depuis 2007 un jumelage sportif avec le club de Digosville dans la Manche.\n\nHistorique :\n 2009/10 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens 1 et 2\n 2008/09 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens 1 et 2\n 2007/08 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens 1 et 2\n 2006/07 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens et cdm\n 2005/06 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens et cdm\n 2004/05 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens et cdm\n 2003/04 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens et cdm\n 2002/03 : 2 \u00e9quipes, anciens et cdm\n 2001/02 : 2 \u00e9quipes, cdm et crit\u00e9rium\n 2000/01 : 2 \u00e9quipes, cdm et crit\u00e9rium\n 1999/00 : 1 cdm + \u00e9cole de jeunes\n 1998/99 : 1 cdm + \u00e9cole de jeunes\n 1997/98 : 1 cdm\n 1996/97 : 1 cdm\n\n\u00c9conomie\n\nRevenus de la population et fiscalit\u00e9 \nEn 2019, le nombre de m\u00e9nages fiscaux de la commune \u00e9tait de  (dont 80 % impos\u00e9s), repr\u00e9sentant  et la  m\u00e9diane du revenu disponible par unit\u00e9 de consommation  de  euros, le  d\u00e9cile \u00e9tant de  euros avec un rapport interd\u00e9cile de 2,8.\n\nEmploi \nEn 2018, le nombre total d\u2019emplois dans la zone \u00e9tait de , occupant   r\u00e9sidants (dont 16,5 % dans la commune de r\u00e9sidence et 83,5 % dans une commune autre que la commune de r\u00e9sidence).\n\nLe taux d'activit\u00e9 de la population (actifs ayant un emploi) \u00e2g\u00e9e de 15 \u00e0 64 ans s'\u00e9levait \u00e0 72,6 % contre un taux de ch\u00f4mage de 5,4 %. \nLes 22,1 % d\u2019inactifs se r\u00e9partissent de la fa\u00e7on suivante : 10,5 % d\u2019\u00e9tudiants et stagiaires non r\u00e9mun\u00e9r\u00e9s, 5,9 % de retrait\u00e9s ou pr\u00e9retrait\u00e9s et 5,8 % pour les autres inactifs.\n\nSecteurs d'activit\u00e9\n\nEntreprises et commerces \nAu , le nombre d\u2019unit\u00e9s l\u00e9gales (activit\u00e9s marchandes hors agriculture) par secteur d'activit\u00e9 \u00e9tait de  dont  dans l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re, industries extractives et autres,  dans la construction,  dans le commerce de gros et de d\u00e9tail, transports, h\u00e9bergement et restauration,  dans l\u2019Information et communication,  dans les activit\u00e9s financi\u00e8res et d'assurance,  dans les activit\u00e9s immobili\u00e8res,  dans les activit\u00e9s sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es, scientifiques et techniques et activit\u00e9s de services administratifs et de soutien,  dans l\u2019administration publique, enseignement, sant\u00e9 humaine et action sociale et  \u00e9taient relatifs aux autres activit\u00e9s de services.\n\nEn 2021,  ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es sur le territoire de la commune, dont  individuelles.\n\nAu , la commune ne disposait pas d\u2019h\u00f4tel et de terrain de camping.\n\nAgriculture \nGrisy-Suisnes est dans la petite r\u00e9gion agricole d\u00e9nomm\u00e9e la \u00ab Brie fran\u00e7aise \u00bb, (ou Basse-Brie), une partie de la Brie autour de Brie-Comte-Robert. En 2010, l'orientation technico-\u00e9conomique de l'agriculture sur la commune est diverses cultures (hors c\u00e9r\u00e9ales et ol\u00e9oprot\u00e9agineux, fleurs et fruits).\n\nSi la productivit\u00e9 agricole de la Seine-et-Marne se situe dans le peloton de t\u00eate des d\u00e9partements fran\u00e7ais, le d\u00e9partement enregistre un double ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de disparition des terres cultivables (pr\u00e8s de  par an dans les ann\u00e9es 1980, moins dans les ann\u00e9es 2000) et de r\u00e9duction d'environ 30 % du nombre d'agriculteurs dans les ann\u00e9es 2010. Cette tendance se retrouve au niveau de la commune o\u00f9 le nombre d\u2019exploitations est pass\u00e9 de 48 en 1988 \u00e0 10 en 2010. Parall\u00e8lement, la taille de ces exploitations augmente, passant de  en 1988 \u00e0  en 2010.\nLe tableau ci-dessous pr\u00e9sente les principales caract\u00e9ristiques des exploitations agricoles de Grisy-Suisnes, observ\u00e9es sur une p\u00e9riode de  :\n\nCulture locale et patrimoine\n\nMonuments et lieux remarquables \nLa commune compte sept monuments r\u00e9pertori\u00e9s \u00e0 l'inventaire des monuments historiques (Base M\u00e9rim\u00e9e) :\n\n Ch\u00e2teau de Suisnes, \u00a0; \n Parc dit le Vide Bouteille de la Baratte, ou maison de Bougainville, ou ch\u00e2teau de Suisnes, \u00a0; \n Parc du ch\u00e2teau de la Grange-le-Roi, \u00a0; \n Ch\u00e2teau de la Grange-le-Roi , \u00a0; \n \u00c9glise Notre-Dame-des-Roses, \u00a0; \n \u00c9glise Notre-Dame-des-Roses, (rue de la L\u00e9galit\u00e9 ) \u00a0;\n Roseraie dit les Rosi\u00e9ristes, .\n\nAutres lieux et monuments\n\nMus\u00e9es \nMus\u00e9e de la Rose  (dans l'ancienne gare).\n\nPersonnalit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 la commune \n Jean Nicot, importateur du tabac en France, habita le Ch\u00e2teau de Villemain, situ\u00e9 sur la commune.\n Louis-Antoine de Bougainville (1729-1811), navigateur et explorateur (voyage autour du monde \u00e0 bord de La Boudeuse) ach\u00e8te en 1799 le ch\u00e2teau de Suisnes, \u00e0 l'origine vide bouteille de la Baratte construit par Sainctot (ma\u00eetre d'h\u00f4tel et introducteur des ambassadeurs de Louis XIV). Bougainville charge Bellanger d'agrandir l'\u00e9difice et lui donne ainsi, en 1800, sa silhouette d\u00e9finitive.\n Claude de Vin des \u0152illets (1637-1687), dite Mademoiselle des \u0152illets, dame de compagnie de Madame de Montespan, ma\u00eetresse de Louis XIV, devient propri\u00e9taire du ch\u00e2teau de Suisnes en 1684. Sa fille, Louise de Maisonblanche, enfant naturelle de Louis XIV, n\u00e9e en 1676, y fut \u00e9lev\u00e9e de 1684 \u00e0 1687.\n Christophe Cochet (1777-1819), installe en 1802 sa premi\u00e8re roseraie \u00e0 Suisnes (Prieur\u00e9 de Vernelle) gr\u00e2ce au soutien de l\u2019amiral de Bougainville dont il \u00e9tait le jardinier. Il est \u00e0 l\u2019origine d\u2019une longue lign\u00e9e de rosi\u00e9ristes \u00e0 Grisy-Suisnes et dans les environs de Brie-Comte-Robert, dont Pierre Cochet, Scipion Cochet (maire de la commune), Phil\u00e9mon Cochet, Pierre Cochet fils, etc.\n\nVoir aussi\n\nBibliographie\n\nArticles connexes \n Liste des communes de Seine-et-Marne\n\nLiens externes \n\n Site de la mairie\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nNotes et cartes \n Notes\n\n Cartes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nVille Internet\nCommune en Seine-et-Marne\nUnit\u00e9 urbaine de Grisy-Suisnes\nAire urbaine de Paris", "meta": {"title": "Grisy-Suisnes", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grisy-Suisnes", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044f\u0440\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a, \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0442\u0440\u043e. \u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c, Dst-\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b. Disturbance Storm Time Index) \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043b \u22121760 \u043d\u0422\u043b. \u042d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 Dst \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0441 Dst = \u22121760 \u043d\u0422\u043b \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 1 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0432 500 \u043b\u0435\u0442. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0451\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 Dst = \u22121760 \u043d\u0422\u043b \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u2212900 \u043d\u0422\u043b.  \n\n\u041b\u0435\u0434\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432 500 \u043b\u0435\u0442. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0440\u044b (\u0441 1957 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430) \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0430 13 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1989 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 Dst-\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043b \u2212640 \u043d\u0422\u043b. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 1859 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 1921 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438 \u0432 1950-\u0445\u00a0\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438.\n\n\u0421\u043c. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \n \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f\n \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f 13\u201414 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1989 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f 2012 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0448\u043a\u0430 , Trudy E. Bell & Dr. Tony Phillips, 6 May 2008, Science@NASA.\n \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0448\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435: 90 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u044b, New Scientist, March 23, 2009 by Michael Brooks, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e 28 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 2009\u00a0\u0433.\n \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438, \u00ab\u0421\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u044d\u0440\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0441 27 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e 7 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1859\u00a0\u0433.; \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u041e\u0431\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041a\u044c\u044e, \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d, (\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430), \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e 28 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 2009\u00a0\u0433.\n \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0446\u0430: \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0420\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u041a\u044d\u0440\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f, ISBN 978-0-691-12660-9, Stuart Clark, 2007.\n \u042d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f 2\u20143 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1859 \u0433. \u043f\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0422\u044f\u0441\u0442\u043e \u041c.\u00a0\u0418., \u041f\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b\u043d\u0430 \u041d.\u00a0\u0413., \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0418.\u00a0\u0421., \u042f\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u043a \u041e.\u00a0\u0421., \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u044d\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f. 2009. \u0422. 49. \u2116 2. \u0421.\u00a0163\u2014173.\n \u041e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u041a\u044d\u0440\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430.\n\n1859 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0435\n1859\n\u0421\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f 1859 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0413\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0440\u044f 1859 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%201859%20%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Maison du Marchand \u00e0 Billy dans l'Allier ;\n Maison du Marchand \u00e0 Lun\u00e9ville en Meurthe-et-Moselle.", "meta": {"title": "Maison du Marchand", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison%20du%20Marchand", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La corsa a punti femminile ai Campionati del mondo di ciclismo su pista 2015 si svolse il 18 febbraio 2015 su un percorso di 100 giri, per un totale di 25\u00a0km/h con sprint intermedi ogni 10 giri. La vittoria and\u00f2 alla tedesca Stephanie Pohl, che concluse il percorso con il tempo di 31'57\"067 alla media di 46,946\u00a0km/h.\n\nPartenza con 17 cicliste delle quali tutte completarono la gara.\n\nPodio\n\nRisultati\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n \n\nCampionati del mondo di ciclismo su pista 2015", "meta": {"title": "Campionati del mondo di ciclismo su pista 2015 - Corsa a punti femminile", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campionati%20del%20mondo%20di%20ciclismo%20su%20pista%202015%20-%20Corsa%20a%20punti%20femminile", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0418\u0440\u0444\u0430\u043d \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441 \u0411\u0430\u0445\u0434\u0438\u043c (; \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f 11 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1988, \u0410\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043c) \u2014 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0430  \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 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\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0418\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0443\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u00ab\u0423\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0442\u00bb\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u00ab\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043b\u0435\u043c\u00bb\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u00ab\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0433\u00bb\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u00ab\u0412\u0430\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u0444\u0443\u00bb\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u00ab\u0425\u043e\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0434\u043e \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u00bb\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u00ab\u0411\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u042e\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0434\u00bb\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u041f\u0421\u0421 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043d", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0430\u0445\u0434\u0438\u043c, \u0418\u0440\u0444\u0430\u043d", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%2C%20%D0%98%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430  \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432:\n \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0413\u0414\u0420 \u2014 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0413\u0414\u0420 \u0432 1960\u20141989 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445.\n \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041a\u0443\u0431\u044b \u2014 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041a\u0443\u0431\u044b.\n \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0440\u044b\u043c \u2014 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u043a\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0440\u044b\u043c.\n\n\u0421\u043c. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \n \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442", "meta": {"title": "\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%20%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tabula Hungariae (zwana r\u00f3wnie\u017c Map\u0105 Lazarusa) \u2013 mapa sporz\u0105dzona oko\u0142o 1515 roku, b\u0119d\u0105ca najstarsz\u0105 zachowan\u0105 map\u0105 przedstawiaj\u0105c\u0105 teren Kr\u00f3lestwa W\u0119gier. Drukowana kopia tej mapy pochodz\u0105ca z roku 1528, zosta\u0142a w 2007 roku wpisana na list\u0119 Pami\u0119\u0107 \u015awiata UNESCO po wsp\u00f3lnym zg\u0142oszeniu ze strony W\u0119gier i Chorwacji.\n\nHistoria \nOrygina\u0142 Tabula Hungariae zosta\u0142 wykonany oko\u0142o 1515 roku. Jedyna zachowana do dzisiaj drukowana kopia powsta\u0142a w 1528 roku w Ingolstadt. Przez kilkaset lat miejsce jej przechowywania by\u0142o nieznane. W latach 80. XIX wieku zakupi\u0142 j\u0105 w\u0119gierski kolekcjoner sztuki S\u00e1ndor Apponyi, kt\u00f3ry w 1906 roku po raz pierwszy zaprezentowa\u0142 j\u0105 publicznie podczas wystawy z okazji 50. rocznicy powstania \u00d6sterreichische Geographische Gesellschaft. W 1924 roku przekaza\u0142 j\u0105 do Orsz\u00e1gos Sz\u00e9ch\u00e9nyi K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r (Biblioteka Narodowa im. Sz\u00e9ch\u00e9nyiego w Budapeszcie), gdzie mapa ta znajduje si\u0119 do dzisiaj.\n\nTw\u00f3rcy \nTabula Hungariae powsta\u0142a przy wsp\u00f3\u0142pracy kilku os\u00f3b. Osob\u0105 odpowiedzialn\u0105 za jej powstanie by\u0142 niejaki Lazarus, pe\u0142ni\u0105cy w\u00f3wczas funkcj\u0119 sekretarza kardyna\u0142a Tomasza Bak\u00f3cza, arcybiskupa Ostrzyhomia. Bezpo\u015brednio pomaga\u0142 mu matematyk Jacob Ziegler. Pomiary dokonywane w terenie rozpocz\u0119\u0142y si\u0119 w 1510 roku. W ten spos\u00f3b powsta\u0142y 4 r\u0119cznie malowane mapy, kt\u00f3re przechowywa\u0142a Bibliotheca Corviniana. W nieznanych okoliczno\u015bciach jeden z egzemplarzy trafi\u0142 do kartografa Georga Tannstettera, kt\u00f3ry z pomoc\u0105 Petera Apianusa dokona\u0142 rewizji mapy i przygotowa\u0142 j\u0105 do druku. Patronem tej inicjatywy by\u0142 Johannes Cuspinian. Drukowane kopie mapy o wielko\u015bci 67,8 \u00d7 53 cm ostatecznie powsta\u0142y w po\u0142owie maja 1528 roku w Ingolstadt.\n\nOpis \nTabula Hungariae zorientowana jest w osi p\u00f3\u0142nocny wsch\u00f3d - po\u0142udniowy zach\u00f3d. Obejmuje obszar kilku obecnie istniej\u0105cych pa\u0144stw \u2013 w ca\u0142o\u015bci W\u0119gier i S\u0142owacji, a cz\u0119\u015bciowo Austrii, Ukrainy, Rumunii, Chorwacji, S\u0142owenii, Serbii i Polski. \u015arodowisko geograficzne (sie\u0107 rzeczna, pasma g\u00f3rskie oraz ich przebieg itp.) przedstawia z wieloma b\u0142\u0119dami i nie\u015bcis\u0142o\u015bciami, jednak w spos\u00f3b wierny i szczeg\u00f3\u0142owy odwzorowuje osadnictwo na terenie \u00f3wczesnego Kr\u00f3lestwa W\u0119gier, prezentuj\u0105c mi\u0119dzy innymi fortyfikacje i wydarzenia historyczne. \n\nNazwy geograficzne na mapie napisane s\u0105 w j\u0119zyku niemieckim i po \u0142acinie przy u\u017cyciu pisma gotyckiego. Stosunkowo wiele z nich zawiera b\u0142\u0119dy ortograficzne.\n\nPrawdopodobnie w zwi\u0105zku z brakiem wystarczaj\u0105cej liczby informacji dotycz\u0105cych po\u0142o\u017conych w tamtym rejonie teren\u00f3w w lewym dolnym rogu mapy tw\u00f3rcy umie\u015bcili sporej wielko\u015bci herb Ferdynanda I Habsburga.\n\nZnaczenie \nTabula Hungariae nale\u017cy do jednych z najwa\u017cniejszych europejskich map z okresu \u015bredniowiecza, b\u0119d\u0105c jedn\u0105 z niewielu, zachowanych do dzisiaj, pochodz\u0105cych z okresu XV i XVI wieku, a tak\u017ce najstarsz\u0105 zachowan\u0105 map\u0105 przedstawiaj\u0105c\u0105 obszar Kr\u00f3lestwa W\u0119gier. Jej warto\u015b\u0107 historyczn\u0105 dodatkowo podnosi fakt, i\u017c powsta\u0142a stosunkowo kr\u00f3tko przed bitw\u0105 pod Mohaczem, po kt\u00f3rej nast\u0105pi\u0142a ekspansja Imperium Osma\u0144skiego, a ta z kolei doprowadzi\u0142a do znikni\u0119cia wielu miejscowo\u015bci przedstawionych na mapie.\n\nW 2007 roku, po wsp\u00f3lnym zg\u0142oszeniu dokonanym w tym samym roku przez W\u0119gry i Chorwacj\u0119, Tabula Hungariae zosta\u0142a wpisana na list\u0119 Pami\u0119\u0107 \u015awiata UNESCO.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nMapy historyczne\nGeografia Europy\nObiekty z listy Pami\u0119\u0107 \u015awiata", "meta": {"title": "Tabula Hungariae", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula%20Hungariae", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Prudemanche telep\u00fcl\u00e9s Franciaorsz\u00e1gban, Eure-et-Loir megy\u00e9ben.\n\nN\u00e9pess\u00e9g\nA telep\u00fcl\u00e9s n\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9nek v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sa:\n\nJegyzetek\n\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k\n\nEure-et-Loir megye telep\u00fcl\u00e9sei\nBottal l\u00e9trehozott francia telep\u00fcl\u00e9s cikkek", "meta": {"title": "Prudemanche", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prudemanche", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La pizza est une recette de cuisine traditionnelle de la cuisine italienne, originaire de Naples \u00e0 base de galette de p\u00e2te \u00e0 pain, garnie principalement d'huile d'olive, de sauce tomate, de mozzarella et d'autres ingr\u00e9dients et cuite au four. Plat embl\u00e9matique de la culture italienne, et de la restauration rapide dans le monde entier, elle est d\u00e9clin\u00e9e sous de multiples variantes. \u00ab L'art de fabriquer des pizzas napolitaines artisanales traditionnelles par les pizza\u00efolos napolitains \u00bb est inscrit au patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO depuis 2017.\n\n\u00c9tymologie \nSelon le linguiste Alain Rey, le mot \u00ab pizza \u00bb est \u00ab attest\u00e9 primitivement au sens de \u00ab fouace, galette \u00bb, d\u00e8s 997 en latin m\u00e9di\u00e9val dans un document d'archive de la cath\u00e9drale de Gaeta ; il appara\u00eet en 1535 en napolitain dans l'ouvrage Rimario, de Benedetto Di Falco et, \u00e0 partir de 1549, en italien florentin. Il est sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans son sens actuel depuis 1570. L'\u00e9tymologie exacte du mot est difficile \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer et il existe plusieurs hypoth\u00e8ses \u00e0 ce sujet : G. Princi Braccini propose comme \u00e9tymon un mot gotique ou longobard, bizzo (haut allemand), \u00ab morceau (de pain), bouch\u00e9e, fouace \u00bb ; R. Giacomelli y voit comme origine le grec vulgaire pitta, \u00ab fouace \u00bb (qui aurait donn\u00e9 pita en grec moderne).\n\nHistoire \n\nJusqu'\u00e0 l'introduction de la tomate (un des principaux ingr\u00e9dients de la pizza actuelle) en Europe et \u00e0 son utilisation en cuisine \u00e0 la fin du , la \u00ab pizza \u00bb d'alors n'avait aucun rapport avec celle d'aujourd'hui : elle se pr\u00e9sentait sous diff\u00e9rentes formes et diff\u00e9rents types dont la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 ne se limitait pas aux garnitures, mais s\u2019\u00e9largissait aux modes de cuisson (four ou po\u00eal\u00e9e dans l'huile).\n\nLa pizzella, sorte de pain de garde, appara\u00eet dans le recueil de conte napolitain Lo Cunto de li cunti de Giambattista Basile, publi\u00e9 en 1634. Ce texte pr\u00e9cise qu'elle se d\u00e9cline en pizzella sucr\u00e9e r\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 la cour et en pizzella sal\u00e9e, sorte de casse-cro\u00fbte d'ext\u00e9rieur, roboratif, matefaim ambulatoire r\u00e9serv\u00e9 au petit peuple.\n\nLa tomate \u00e9tant de la m\u00eame famille que la belladone toxique, ses fruits ne sont d'abord pas consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme comestibles (la plante est surtout utilis\u00e9e comme plante ornementale et le fruit est utilis\u00e9 en m\u00e9decine) avant le d\u00e9but du  en Italie, si bien que seule existe initialement la pizza bianca (\u00ab pizza blanche \u00bb), p\u00e2te aplatie et agr\u00e9ment\u00e9e de \u00ab choses diverses \u00bb (huile ou saindoux, herbes) qui est devenue un mets pl\u00e9b\u00e9ien. Il a une garniture et un prix qui varient en fonction des disponibilit\u00e9s du march\u00e9.\n\nLa pizza bianca est progressivement d\u00e9tr\u00f4n\u00e9e par la pizza rossa (\u00ab pizza rouge \u00bb), pour partie, parce que la premi\u00e8re, . Mais c'est plus probablement \u00e0 l'\u00e9pisode de la cr\u00e9ation de la pizza Margherita (pizza aux couleurs de l'Italie, cr\u00e9\u00e9e en hommage \u00e0 la reine Marguerite de Savoie, lors d'un voyage \u00e0 Naples) que l'on doit l'explication de cette substitution.\n\nLa pizza rouge est prise dans un nouveau processus, avec l'\u00e9migration massive italienne ( d'Italiens s'expatrient entre 1850 et 1900), et devient un v\u00e9ritable \u00e9tendard symbolique de leur nation.\n\nContexte \nDans la seconde moiti\u00e9 du , des m\u00e9decins hygi\u00e9nistes tels , Achille Spatuzzi, Luigi Somma\u2026 qui s'int\u00e9ressent \u00e0 l'alimentation du popolo minuto napolitain, classent la pizza parmi l'un des \u00ab aliments des pauvres \u00bb (cibi dei poveri). En 1884, Matilde Serao \u00e9crit :\n\nC\u2019est vraiment son caract\u00e8re populaire (simplicit\u00e9 de la pr\u00e9paration, qualit\u00e9 gustative et faible co\u00fbt) qui permit le d\u00e9veloppement d'un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne qui pouvait s'enraciner et cro\u00eetre seulement dans une ville \u00e0 forte densit\u00e9 d\u00e9mographique et dont la population souffrait d'une extr\u00eame pr\u00e9carit\u00e9.\n\nDiffusion du terme \nLa lexicographie suit, d'une mani\u00e8re objective, l'\u00e9volution du mot pizza \u2014 terme universel aujourd\u2019hui ; les Italiens utilisaient \u00e9galement les mots focaccia, , stiacciata. C'est seulement \u00e0 la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale que le terme \u00ab pizza \u00bb se diffusera en Europe et dans le reste du monde.\n\nRoyaume de Naples \nEn 1789, Ferdinando Gallieni dans un ouvrage posthume, d\u00e9finit la pizza comme un nom g\u00e9n\u00e9rique de toutes les formes de tourtes, de focaccia et schiacciata, et pour les distinguer, il \u00e9num\u00e8re les principales : pizza fritta, pizza a lo furno co' l'arecheta, pizza rognosa, pizza stracciata, pizza di cicoli, pizza doce, pizza di ricotta.\n\nEn 1797, l'abb\u00e9 Francesco D'Alberti di Villanova publie \u00e0 Lucques un Dizionario universale critico della lingua italiana, o\u00f9 seul le terme focaccia est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9, et dans une seconde \u00e9dition de 1804 appara\u00eet le mot \u00ab pizza \u00bb, d\u00e9fini comme une sorte de mets ou une esp\u00e8ce de focaccia.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences litt\u00e9raires \nDans les ann\u00e9es 1850, la bottega del pizzajolo  devient un lieu de socialisation comme le d\u00e9crit Francesco de Bourcard dans Usi e costumi di Napoli. En 1847, l'ouvrage d'Emanuele Bid\u00e8ra, Passegiata per Napoli e Contorni, d\u00e9crit \u00e9galement la bottega del pizzajuolo avec des pizze orn\u00e9es de mozarelle (ova bianchissime dans le texte) et de tomates (ova rosse) et petits poissons.\n\nLe Corricolo d'Alexandre Dumas parle plut\u00f4t de \u00ab pizza-jolo \u00bb ambulant qui, l'hiver, vendait la pizza et en \u00e9t\u00e9 se transformait en vendeur de past\u00e8que (cocomero dans le texte) : il \u00e9num\u00e8re aussi diff\u00e9rentes sortes de pizzas et \u00e9voque son aspect \u00e9conomique qui, pour deux sous, doit rassasier toute une famille.\n\nItalie unie \nLes dictionnaires qui paraissent \u00e0 Naples apr\u00e8s l'unit\u00e9 de l'Italie continuent de d\u00e9finir la pizza comme une focaccia ou schiacciata. Enfin, en 1905, dans le Dizionaro Moderno d'Alfredo Panzini, la pizza est d\u00e9finie comme le nom vulgaire d'un mets napolitain tr\u00e8s populaire, et appara\u00eet \u00e9galement pour la premi\u00e8re fois le terme de pizzeria qui d\u00e9finit un commerce o\u00f9 se pr\u00e9parent et se consomment pizzas et autres mets napolitains. Le Zingarelli de 1922 la dit d'\u00e9tymologie incertaine et le mot pizzaiolo expliqu\u00e9 est celui qui fait et vend la pizza \u00e0 Naples. Dans le Glossario latino-italiano de 1944, de Pietro Sella, le mot focaccia est dit en napolitain pizza.\n\nEn , le chef Raffaele Esposito, de l'illustre pizzeria de la salita Sant'Anna di Palazzo, dite aujourd'hui Pizzeria Brandi, d\u00e9cide de baptiser \u00ab Margherita \u00bb une pizza \u00e0 base de mozzarella, de basilic frais et de tomates (les couleurs du drapeau italien : vert, blanc, et rouge), en l'honneur de la reine Marguerite venue \u00e0 Naples \u00e0 l'occasion de l'inauguration des travaux du Risanamento. En appr\u00e9ciant une sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 locale notoirement pl\u00e9b\u00e9ienne, \u00e0 sa mani\u00e8re, la reine renfor\u00e7ait les liens entre le royaume d'Italie et le peuple napolitain ; et la pizza devint, ainsi, encore plus populaire parmi les Italiens.\n\nDepuis 2008, la pizza napoletana (\u00e0 ne pas confondre avec la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 aux anchois appel\u00e9e en France \u00ab pizza napolitaine \u00bb ; \u00e0 Naples, pizza Romana et ailleurs en Italie, pizza napoletana ou pizza Napoli) est une \u00ab sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 traditionnelle garantie \u00bb (specialit\u00e0 tradizionale garantita).\n\nLe , est officiellement d\u00e9pos\u00e9e une demande de candidature pour l'inscription de L'arte tradizionale dei Pizzaiuoli napoletani (l'art traditionnel des pizzaiuoli napolitains) sur la liste du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l'humanit\u00e9 de l'Unesco. Le , l'UNESCO annonce que ce savoir-faire culinaire entre au Patrimoine immat\u00e9riel de l\u2019humanit\u00e9.\n\nAspects culturels \nAlfonso Pecoraro Scanio, ministre italien de l'Agriculture, a demand\u00e9 le classement de la pizza aupr\u00e8s de l'Unesco, arguant du fait que les sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9s culinaires sont l'expression culturelle d'un peuple, et d\u00e9positaires de sa tradition et de son identit\u00e9.\n\nLa recette de la pizza napolitaine a notamment \u00e9t\u00e9 inscrite au Journal officiel italien en .\n\nD\u00e9sormais populaire et omnipr\u00e9sente presque partout dans le monde, la pizza a pris un statut de produit \u00e0 la mode. Elle est certainement l'un des symboles de la mondialisation et de la standardisation de la nourriture des populations.\n\nEn italien, on emploie couramment la m\u00e9taphore de la pizza pour dire qu'il ne suffit pas de savoir quelque chose pour savoir le faire. En effet, la recette de la pizza est on ne peut plus simple, mais la pratique requiert un grand art. Toujours par m\u00e9taphore, le mot pizza d\u00e9signe, dans la langue italienne, le bo\u00eetier contenant une pellicule de film (et par extension la pellicule elle-m\u00eame), ou encore une personne ou une chose particuli\u00e8rement ennuyeuse.\n\nQualit\u00e9 des ingr\u00e9dients et fabrications \nLe choix dans les produits agricoles employ\u00e9s (fromages, huile d'olive, l\u00e9gumes, farines de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales\u2026) ont une influence certaine sur la qualit\u00e9 gustative des pizzas.\n\nFabrication artisanale \n Pr\u00e9paration de la p\u00e2te : eau, sel, farine de bl\u00e9 type 00 (d\u00e9nomination italienne correspondante en France \u00e0 la T45), levure. On m\u00e9lange, on forme des boules grosses comme le poing et on laisse reposer \u00e0 temp\u00e9rature ambiante trois \u00e0 quatre heures minimum.\n Pr\u00e9paration de la pizza : on \u00e9tale chaque boule de pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la main (car le rouleau \u00e9crase les bulles d'air dans la p\u00e2te) sur laquelle on place les ingr\u00e9dients.\n Cuisson : au four \u00e0 feu de bois environ 1 minute de cuisson \u00e0 .\nPar exemple pour la pizza Margherita, la plus simple : une cuill\u00e8re \u00e0 soupe de tomates, de la mozzarella \u00e9cras\u00e9e avec les mains, une ou deux feuilles de basilic frais, un soup\u00e7on d'huile d'olive, au four, et \u00e0 consommer rapidement.\n\nPizza italienne / pizza am\u00e9ricaine \n\nLes pizzas consomm\u00e9es actuellement peuvent se diviser en deux grands styles. La pizza classique, \u00e0 la p\u00e2te plut\u00f4t fine et croustillante, respecte \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s la tradition. La pizza am\u00e9ricaine, en revanche, utilise la p\u00e2te \u00e0 pain tr\u00e8s \u00e9paisse et moelleuse, fournissant ainsi davantage de sucres lents, et une garniture tr\u00e8s abondante, plus grasse et en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral encore plus riche en fromage, comme la pizza de Chicago, un style de pizza originaire de cette ville.\n\nFabrication acrobatique \nCertains pizza\u00efolos se livrent \u00e0 des acrobaties lorsqu'ils malaxent la p\u00e2te, lan\u00e7ant la p\u00e2te \u00e0 pizza et la rattrapant de mani\u00e8re p\u00e9rilleuse \u2014 cela sans sacrifier le go\u00fbt, ni la pr\u00e9sentation, ni la cuisson. C'est un art qui s'apprend et s'entra\u00eene, \u00e9ventuellement \u00e0 l'aide de p\u00e2tons en plastique silicon\u00e9. Les p\u00e2tes utilis\u00e9es recourent du reste \u00e0 des recettes sp\u00e9cifiques. Des comp\u00e9titions sont organis\u00e9es ; \u00e0 l'origine, on les recensait surtout en Italie et aux \u00c9tats-Unis.\n\nCertains pizza\u00efolos acrobatiques (ou voltigeurs de pizzas), \u00e0 l'image du Sicilien Paolo Bucca, champion du monde en 1998, 2001 et 2002, ou le Franco-Espagnol Fabian Martin, triple champion du monde (qui tient deux \u00e9tablissements, un \u00e9tablissement \u00e0 Ll\u00edvia, dans la province de G\u00e9rone et un autre \u00e0 Barcelone), sont parvenus \u00e0 se faire une renomm\u00e9e mondiale en la mati\u00e8re.\n\nFabrication industrielle \nDepuis 2009, on autorise d\u00e9sormais l'utilisation d'un substitut de fromage, le Lygomme, invent\u00e9 par Cargill qui est critiqu\u00e9 en raison de sa dimension \u00ab malbouffe \u00bb.\n\nEn 2021, la qualit\u00e9 des pizzas industrielles jambon/fromage n'est pas brillante, y compris pour celles qui portent un label bio. Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences bio contiennent moins d'additifs, mais les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences conventionnelles sont mieux garnies. L'origine des produits est rarement ou vaguement indiqu\u00e9e. Les teneurs en sel, en acides gras satur\u00e9s, sont souvent peu compatibles avec une alimentation \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e. Y mettre le prix n'est pas une garantie de meilleure qualit\u00e9. Globalement, il vaut mieux r\u00e9aliser les pizzas soi-m\u00eame, possiblement \u00e0 partir d'une p\u00e2te \u00e0 pain achet\u00e9e en boulangerie.\n\nModes de consommation \nLa pizza est une recette facile \u00e0 pr\u00e9parer \u00e0 la maison, simplement \u00e0 la main, ou en utilisant des produits achet\u00e9s dans le commerce (p\u00e2tes \u00e0 pizza d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00eates) ou d\u00e9j\u00e0 confectionn\u00e9es (m\u00eame surgel\u00e9es).\n\nElle est \u00e9galement, bien s\u00fbr, consomm\u00e9e au restaurant (appel\u00e9 pizzeria quand la pizza est le produit unique ou principal de la carte), livr\u00e9e ou \u00e0 emporter, mais aussi dans les cha\u00eenes de restauration rapide (Pizza Hut, Speed Rabbit Pizza, La Bo\u00eete \u00e0 Pizza, Domino's Pizza, Pizza Delight au Canada) et m\u00eame par distributeur en libre service.\n\nLa France,  au monde consommateur de pizzas, avec  par an et par habitant, derri\u00e8re les \u00c9tats-Unis (), mais devant l\u2019Italie et l\u2019Allemagne, g\u00e9n\u00e8re un chiffre d\u2019affaires annuel de pr\u00e8s de  d\u2019euros, l\u2019Hexagone compte plus de  de restauration commerciale sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans la pizza.\n\nPizzas les plus r\u00e9pandues \n Margherita : tomate, mozzarella, basilic, huile d'olive\n Reine, ou Regina en italien, ou par abus de langage Royale : tomate, mozzarella, jambon, champignons\n Napolitaine, ou napoletana en italien : tomate, mozzarella, anchois, olives noires, origan, huile d'olive\n Marinara : tomate, ail, origan, huile d'olive\n Diavola : mozzarella, tomate, salami piquant\n Romaine : tomate, mozzarella, anchois, origan, huile d'olive\n Sicilienne : tomate, mozzarella, basilic, anchois, c\u00e2pres, champignon\n Capricciosa (litt\u00e9ralement : \u00ab capricieuse \u00bb) : mozzarella, champignons, artichaut, jambon, olives, huile d'olive\n Quatre saisons, ou quattro stagioni en italien : g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les m\u00eames ingr\u00e9dients qu'une capricciosa, mais avec un arrangement diff\u00e9rent, et o\u00f9 chaque ingr\u00e9dient est cens\u00e9 repr\u00e9senter une saison\n Quatre fromages, ou quattro formaggi, en italien : mozzarella et d'autres fromages, variant selon les sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9s locales\n Calzone (litt\u00e9ralement : \u00ab chausson \u00bb) : garnie de mozzarella, jambon, champignons, sauce tomate, \u0153ufs ou autres ingr\u00e9dients\n Toute garnie : mozzarella, sauce tomate, pepperoni, poivrons verts, champignons\n Hawa\u00efenne : tomate, mozzarella, jambon, ananas\n Pizza \u00e0 la coupe est une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de pizza cuite dans de grands plateaux rectangulaires et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement vendue au poids\n\nCr\u00e9\u00e9e dans les ann\u00e9es 1950 par le boulanger Luigi Dell'Amura, la  est une pizza longue d'un m\u00e8tre originaire de la p\u00e9ninsule de Sorrente. En Campanie, la pizza peut prendre la forme d'une tourte, telle la pizza di scarola. La pizzetta est, quant \u00e0 elle, une petite pizza souvent servie comme hors-d'\u0153uvre (antipasti).\n\nLa pizza au chocolat, ou aux pommes (sucre cannelle) est une variante sucr\u00e9e qui peut se consommer comme dessert.\n\nPizza et sant\u00e9 \n\nSelon une \u00e9tude \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique, parue en 2003, dans la revue International Journal of Cancer, la consommation de pizza r\u00e9duirait sensiblement le risque de certains cancers. Elle a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que ceux qui consomment de la pizza, une \u00e0 plusieurs fois par semaine, sont moins touch\u00e9s par le cancer que ceux qui n'en mangent jamais. Les risques d'une tumeur de l'appareil buccal diminuent de , ceux de l'\u0153sophage diminuent de  et ceux du c\u00f4lon de .\n\nL'enqu\u00eate a \u00e9t\u00e9 faite par l'Institut pharmacologique de Milan aupr\u00e8s de  atteints d'une tumeur de l'appareil digestif ou de la gorge. Leurs habitudes alimentaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9es en d\u00e9tail et compar\u00e9es avec celles d'un \u00e9chantillon de pr\u00e8s de  personnes atteintes d'autres affections.\n\nSelon le coordinateur du programme de recherche, la pizza, artisanale ou faite \u00e0 la maison, pourrait \u00eatre un indice d'un style de vie et d'alimentation, finalement plut\u00f4t sain, la version italienne du r\u00e9gime m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en, apportant tous les bienfaits de la tomate (riche en antioxydants), mais aussi, en tant qu'aliment complet, riche en huile d'olive, fibres, divers l\u00e9gumes, fruits, olives, farine et prot\u00e9ines.\n\nAux \u00c9tats-Unis, les \u00e9lus consid\u00e8rent que la sauce tomate sur la pizza peut \u00eatre compt\u00e9e comme un l\u00e9gume.\n\nDans le cas des pizzas transport\u00e9es dans un carton \u00e0 pizza, il y a un risque de contamination de la pizza par les huiles min\u00e9rales et autres contaminants contenus dans le carton s'il est recycl\u00e9.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nBibliographie \n \n .\n Nathan Myhrvold et Francisco Migoya, Modernist Pizza, The Cooking Lab, trois volumes, 2022, 1708 p.\n\nDocumentaire \n Chef's Table: Pizza, Netflix, 2022.\n\nArticles connexes\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n \n\n \nCuisine napolitaine\nCuisine italienne\nP\u00e2te \u00e0 pain\nSp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 \u00e0 base de tomates", "meta": {"title": "Pizza", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizza", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Domicile conjugal is een Franse film van regisseur Fran\u00e7ois Truffaut uit 1970. Dit is de vierde film uit Truffauts Doinel-cyclus waarin acteur Jean-Pierre L\u00e9aud gestalte geeft aan Antoine Doinel.\n\nVerhaal \n\nAntoine Doinel is getrouwd met Christine Darbon (Claude Jade van Baisers vol\u00e9s). Ze wonen in Parijs, in een appartement aan de binnenplaats van een oud pand. Christine geeft vioolles. Antoine ziet het niet meer zitten met zijn bloemen en gaat werken bij een Amerikaans, waterbouwkundig bedrijf. Daar wordt hij betaald om een beetje met bootmodellen te spelen. Ook hoort hij dat hij voor het eerst vader is geworden van een zoon. En hij ontmoet een bijzonder knappe Japanse, Kyoko. Antoine begint een verhouding met haar. Wanneer Kyoko haar minnaar een bos bloemen stuurt, krijgt Christine lucht van de zaak. Christine en Antoine gaan uit elkaar. Antoine merkt al snel dat hij zich verveelt met Kyoko, terwijl hij Christine alles kan vertellen.\n\nDirect na de titelrol maakt Truffaut duidelijk hoe het ervoor staat met Antoine (Jean-Pierre L\u00e9aud) en Christine (Claude Jade): \"Mag ik een kilo mandarijnen van u,\" vraagt Christine aan de groenteboer. \"Alstublieft juffrouw.\" \"Het is niet juffrouw, maar mevrouw\"' meldt ze pinnig en trots. Voil\u00e0, de Doinels zijn bijna 'arriv\u00e9s'.\n\nRolverdeling \n Jean-Pierre L\u00e9aud: Antoine Doinel\n Claude Jade: Christine Doinel\n Daniel Ceccaldi: Lucien Darbon\n Claire Duhamel: mevrouw Darbon\n Hiroko Berghauer: Kyoko\n Silvana Blasi: Silvana\n Daniel Boulanger: Tenor\n Barbara Laage: Monique\n Dani\u00e8le Girard: Ginette\n Jacques Jouanneau: C\u00e9sarin\n Claude V\u00e9ga: de wurger\n Jacques Rispal: mijnheer Desbois\n Philippe L\u00e9otard: de dronken kerel\n\nTrivia \nDe Tati-acteur Jacques Cottin heeft een cameo als Monsieur Hulot.\n\nExterne link \n \n\nFranse film\nDramafilm\nFilm van Fran\u00e7ois Truffaut\nFilm uit 1970", "meta": {"title": "Domicile conjugal", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domicile%20conjugal", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Volby do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu se pot\u0159et\u00ed ve Finsku uskute\u010dnily dne 13. \u010dervna 2004.\n\nVoleb se \u00fa\u010dastnilo 14 politick\u00fdch uskupen\u00ed, z nich\u017e \u0161est z\u00edskalo v EP mand\u00e1t.\n\nZe 14 mand\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 Finsku v EP p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161ej\u00ed, z\u00edskala konzervativn\u011b-liber\u00e1ln\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed koalice 4 (23,71 %), centristick\u00fd Finsk\u00fd st\u0159ed 4 (23,37 %), finsk\u00e1 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie 3 (21,16 %), Zelen\u00e1 liga 1 (10,43 %), Levicov\u00fd svaz 1 (9,13 %), a \u0160v\u00e9dsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 strana, zastupuj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161v\u00e9dskojazy\u010dnou men\u0161inu ve Finsku, 1 (5,70 %). V\u00edce ne\u017e 1 % z\u00edskali je\u0161t\u011b Fin\u0161t\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u0161t\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 (4,28 %), co\u017e v\u0161ak u nich, a ani u stran s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm procentem hlas\u016f, na zisk mand\u00e1tu nesta\u010dilo.\n\nVolebn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast byla 39,4 (41,1) %.\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n V\u00fdsledky na serveru europarl.europa.eu\n\nFinsko\nVolby do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu ve Finsku\nFinsko v roce 2004", "meta": {"title": "Volby do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu ve Finsku 2004", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volby%20do%20Evropsk%C3%A9ho%20parlamentu%20ve%20Finsku%202004", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 2001 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 26th season in the National Football League (NFL), The second of two seasons the Seahawks played at Husky Stadium while Qwest Field was being built and the third under head coach Mike Holmgren. They improved on their 6\u201310 record from 2000 and finished the season at 9\u20137. The Seahawks were in the playoff hunt until the last game of the season; the Baltimore Ravens' win over the Minnesota Vikings on the last Monday Night game of the year ended Seattle's post-season bid. The 2001 season was the final season for the Seahawks in the American Football Conference (AFC) and the second and final season they played at Husky Stadium while Seahawks Stadium (now known as Lumen Field) was being built.\n\nBefore the season, the Seahawks signed free agent quarterback Trent Dilfer, and traded for quarterback Matt Hasselbeck. Hasselbeck eventually won the starting position over Dilfer. The Seahawks also signed future Hall of Fame defensive tackle John Randle, who spent the last 11 seasons with the Minnesota Vikings and would make the Pro Bowl in his first season with the Seahawks.\n\nThe season saw the emergence of the second year running back Shaun Alexander after Ricky Watters was injured for most of the season. Watters retired after the season ended.\n\nIt was also the final season the Seahawks wore their traditional blue and green uniforms, and their last year in the AFC West as they returned to the NFC West in the 2002 NFL season. \n\nThe last remaining active member of the 2001 Seattle Seahawks was quarterback Matt Hasselbeck, who retired after the 2015 season.\n\nOffseason\n\nNFL draft\n\nPersonnel\n\nStaff\n\nFinal roster\n\n     Starters in bold.\n (*) Denotes players that were selected for the 2002 Pro Bowl.\n\nSchedule\n\nPreseason\n\nSource: Seahawks Media Guides\n\nRegular season\nDivisional matchups have the AFC West playing the NFC East.\n\nSource: 2001 NFL season results\n\nStandings\n\nGame Summaries\n\nPreseason\n\nWeek P1: at Indianapolis Colts\n\nWeek P2: vs. Arizona Cardinals\n\nWeek P3: at San Francisco 49ers\n\nWeek P4: vs. New Orleans Saints\n\nRegular season\n\nWeek 1: at Cleveland Browns\n\nWeek 2: vs. Philadelphia Eagles\n\nWeek 3: at Oakland Raiders\n\nWeek 4: vs. Jacksonville Jaguars\n\nWeek 5: vs. Denver Broncos\n\nWeek 7: vs. Miami Dolphins\n\nWeek 8: at Washington Redskins\n\nWeek 9: vs. Oakland Raiders\n\nWeek 10: at Buffalo Bills\n\nWeek 11: at Kansas City Chiefs\n\nWeek 12: vs. San Diego Chargers\n\nWeek 13 at Denver Broncos\n\nWeek 14: vs. Dallas Cowboys\n\nWeek 15: at New York Giants\n\nWeek 16: at San Diego Chargers\n\nWeek 17: vs. Kansas City Chiefs\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nSeahawks draft history at NFL.com\n2001 NFL season results at NFL.com\n\nSeattle\nSeattle Seahawks seasons\nSeattle Seahawks", "meta": {"title": "2001 Seattle Seahawks season", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001%20Seattle%20Seahawks%20season", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435\u044f\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n\n \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043c\u044d\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u044b \u041b\u0435-\u041b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 \n\n\u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0420\u0438\u0432\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041b\u0435-\u041b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5-%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco (? - \u2020 13 de abril de 1940) fue alcalde del municipio valenciano de la Villa de Altura (provincia de Castell\u00f3n, Comunidad Valenciana, Espa\u00f1a) desde marzo de 1937 hasta septiembre de 1938, as\u00ed como Consejero de la Organizaci\u00f3n Sindical CNT. Fue represaliado por el franquismo, siendo fusilado el 13 de abril de 1940 en Castell\u00f3 de la Plana.\n\nEn el a\u00f1o 2015, el consistorio alturano rindi\u00f3 homenaje a los 26 alcaldes de la Villa de Altura desde 1895, entre los que se incluye a Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco. Los familiares de los alcaldes ya fallecidos recogieron en su nombre las placas conmemorativas que se prepararon para la ocasi\u00f3n.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nIgnacio era de Altura. Era labrador y ten\u00eda 39 a\u00f1os cuando fue asesinado.\n\nFue elegido alcalde el 18 de marzo de 1937, tal y como consta en las actas del Consejo Municipal. \u201cEn la villa de Altura, a las veintiuna horas del d\u00eda dieciocho de Marzo de mil novecientos treinta y siete, se reunieron en sesi\u00f3n extraordinaria, en la Casa Consistorial los vecinos de esta villa: Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco, Jes\u00fas Salvador Cebri\u00e1n, Manuel P\u00e9rez Garc\u00eda y Luis Ors Arbon\u00e9s, propuestos por la Confederaci\u00f3n Nacional de Trabajadores (C.N.T.); Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda J\u00e1rrega P\u00e9rez, Ernesto Eixarch Balmes, Jos\u00e9 Gonz\u00e1lez P\u00e9rez y Juan Lozano Cabo, propuestos por la Uni\u00f3n General de Trabajadores (U.G.T.), y Juan Rodr\u00edguez Ten y Jos\u00e9 Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez Santamar\u00eda, propuestos por el Partido de Izquierda Republicana (I.R.), para representar en el Consejo Municipal de esta Villa a sus Organizaciones y Partidos referidos, cuya propuesta ha aprobado el Gobierno Civil de la provincia, en escrito de 259 de fecha tres del actual, bajo la Presidencia del camarada Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco, que hasta ahora ha venido desempe\u00f1ando el cargo de Delegado de Guerra del Consejo de Defensa y Econom\u00eda, quien manifest\u00f3 que el objeto de la presente era constituir con todos los presentes el Consejo Municipal de esta localidad, seg\u00fan determina el decreto del Ministerio de la Gobernaci\u00f3n de cuatro de enero \u00faltimo y el oficio antes citado, a los que dio lectura \u00edntegra, as\u00ed como al oficio del Gobierno Civil de cinco de febrero \u00faltimo en el que se autoriza para designar un miembro m\u00e1s de los que marca la Ley, y enteradas, y dado por todos su conformidad a dichas designaciones, el Presidente los dio por posesionados. Seguidamente, se procedi\u00f3 a la elecci\u00f3n de Alcalde y, verificado el escrutinio, result\u00f3 elegido por nueve votos, contra uno en blanco, el camarada Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco, quien continu\u00f3 en la Presidencia en se\u00f1al de toma de posesi\u00f3n\u201d.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n\n Memoria hist\u00f3rica\n Represi\u00f3n franquista\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\nEsquerra Unida Altura: Sentencia condenatoria y certificado de fusilamiento de Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco, as\u00ed como fotograf\u00eda del mismo junto a sus familiares.\nP\u00e1gina sobre Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco en la 15mpedia.\nAlcaldes de la provincia de Castell\u00f3n", "meta": {"title": "Ignacio Mar\u00edn Blasco", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignacio%20Mar%C3%ADn%20Blasco", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u041b\u0443\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 0 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431. \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0422\u043e\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.\n\n\u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0417\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0456\u0434 28 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044f 2004 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u2116 65-\u043e\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0422\u043e\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0456\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u041b\u0443\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0443 (\u041b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c)\u200e", "meta": {"title": "\u0420\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432 (\u041b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%20%28%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cet article recense les pratiques inscrites au patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel en Ouzb\u00e9kistan.\n\nStatistiques \nL'Ouzb\u00e9kistan ratifie la convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel le . La premi\u00e8re pratique prot\u00e9g\u00e9e est inscrite en 2008.\n\nEn 2022, l'Ouzb\u00e9kistan compte 12 \u00e9l\u00e9ments inscrits au patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel, 11 sur la liste repr\u00e9sentative et un sur le registre des meilleures pratiques de sauvegarde.\n\nListes\n\nListe repr\u00e9sentative \nLes \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants sont inscrits sur la liste repr\u00e9sentative du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l'humanit\u00e9 :\n\nPatrimoine immat\u00e9riel n\u00e9cessitant une sauvegarde urgente \nL'Ouzb\u00e9kistan ne compte aucun \u00e9l\u00e9ment list\u00e9 sur la liste du patrimoine immat\u00e9riel n\u00e9cessitant une sauvegarde urgente.\n\nRegistre des meilleures pratiques de sauvegarde \nL'Ouzb\u00e9kistan compte une pratique list\u00e9e au registre des meilleures pratiques de sauvegarde :\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticles connexes \n Liste du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l'humanit\u00e9 en Asie et Oc\u00e9anie\n Culture de l'Ouzb\u00e9kistan\n\nOuzb\u00e9kistan\nPatrimoine culturel immateriel", "meta": {"title": "Liste du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l'humanit\u00e9 en Ouzb\u00e9kistan", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste%20du%20patrimoine%20culturel%20immat%C3%A9riel%20de%20l%27humanit%C3%A9%20en%20Ouzb%C3%A9kistan", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La categoria dei Pesi massimi \u00e8 stata la decima categoria di peso a Pechino 2008, limitata agli atleti di peso inferiore agli 91\u00a0kg.\n\nHanno partecipato 16 atleti.\n\nTabellone \n\nPugilato ai Giochi della XXIX Olimpiade", "meta": {"title": "Pugilato ai Giochi della XXIX Olimpiade - Pesi massimi", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pugilato%20ai%20Giochi%20della%20XXIX%20Olimpiade%20-%20Pesi%20massimi", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\nThe following is a list of mayors of the city of Chimichagua, Colombia. ()\n\nSee also\n\nList of Governors of the Cesar Department\n\nNotes\n\nExternal links\n Chimichagua official website\n\nPolitics of Chimichagua\nPolitics of Colombian municipalities", "meta": {"title": "List of mayors of Chimichagua", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mayors%20of%20Chimichagua", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Parque Nacional do Monte Roraima foi criado em 28 de junho de 1989 pelo ent\u00e3o presidente da rep\u00fablica do Brasil Jos\u00e9 Sarney, atrav\u00e9s do Decreto n\u00ba 97.887. No parque encontram-se savanas, florestas de altitude e rios de correnteza forte. Tamb\u00e9m se localizam no parque algumas das mais antigas montanhas da terra, destacando-se o Monte Roraima, al\u00e9m da Terra Ind\u00edgena Raposa Serra do Sol.\n\nGeografia \nO Parque Nacional Monte Roraima fica no munic\u00edpio de Uiramut\u00e3, no estado de Roraima. Possui uma \u00e1rea de 116.747,80 hectares.\n\nO parque inclui parte da bacia do rio Cotingo, onde foram feitos planos para uma usina hidrel\u00e9trica. A \u00e1rea tem alto potencial para minera\u00e7\u00e3o, agricultura, pecu\u00e1ria e ecoturismo, o que resulta em tens\u00e3o entre a popula\u00e7\u00e3o ind\u00edgena e os fazendeiros e colonos.\n\nTopografia e hidrografia \nO parque inclui parte da Serra de Pacaraima, que separam o Brasil da Venezuela e da Guiana. \u00c9 nomeado por conta do Monte Roraima, o mais alto das montanhas tepui, com quase 3.000 metros de altitude, sendo um dos mais altos da cadeia Pacaraima. A montanha tem um topo plano que cont\u00e9m um monumento, o Marco da Triplice Fronteira, onde se encontram as fronteiras da Venezuela, Guiana e Brasil.\n\nAs altitudes no parque variam de 920 a 2780 metros. As montanhas geralmente s\u00e3o planas e orladas por penhascos \u00edngremes e parcialmente desnudados, que s\u00e3o cercados por largos front\u00f5es cortados por ravinas que se fundem nos relevos dissecados mais baixos da cordilheira de Pacaraima. A Serra do Sol, ao sudeste, tem altitudes de at\u00e9 2.400 metros.\n\nO parque cont\u00e9m as nascentes dos rios mais setentrionais que correm para o sul na bacia do rio Branco. Estes incluem o rio Cotingo, com suas nascentes no sop\u00e9 do Monte Roraima, o rio Panari no extremo norte ao sul da serra Cabura\u00ed, o rio Ma\u00fa, que forma a fronteira entre o Brasil e a Guiana, e o rio Uailan. perto das montanhas de Uailan. Os rios Cotingo e Ma\u00fa possuem trechos cont\u00ednuos de corredeiras e cachoeiras, incluindo a cachoeira Gar\u00e3 Gar\u00e3 no Ma\u00fa.\n\nMeio Ambiente \nO Parque Nacional Monte Roraima est\u00e1 no bioma da Amaz\u00f4nia. As temperaturas variam de 2 a 18\u00b0C com uma m\u00e9dia de 10\u00b0C. A precipita\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dia anual \u00e9 de 1.900 mil\u00edmetros. A regi\u00e3o possui diversas paisagens ajudam a conservar a biodiversidade, embora care\u00e7a de espa\u00e7o. Cont\u00e9m uma \u00e1rea de 9.900 hectares de savanas, 8,7% da \u00e1rea total. Esta \u00e1rea inclui florestas e pastagens. A floresta inclui ecossistemas de planalto e montanhosos. O primeiro tem pequenas manchas de floresta densa com \u00e1rvores emergentes, enquanto o segundo tem floresta densa com dossel fechado nas encostas, aberto nos cumes e \u00e1reas mais planas. Existem v\u00e1rias esp\u00e9cies end\u00eamicas adaptadas ao clima severo da montanha, onde as temperaturas podem variar de 4 a 25\u00b0C em um per\u00edodo de 24 horas.\n\nHist\u00f3ria \n\nO Parque Nacional Monte Roraima foi criado pelo decreto 97.887, de 28 de junho de 1989 e \u00e9 administrado pelo Instituto Chico Mendes de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Biodiversidade (ICMBio). \u00c9 classificado como categoria II da \u00e1rea protegida da IUCN (parque nacional). Os objetivos s\u00e3o a preserva\u00e7\u00e3o de ecossistemas naturais de grande relev\u00e2ncia ecol\u00f3gica e beleza c\u00eanica, al\u00e9m de possibilitar pesquisas cient\u00edficas, educa\u00e7\u00e3o e interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental, recrea\u00e7\u00e3o em contato com a natureza e turismo ecol\u00f3gico. J\u00e1 em 1990, os pa\u00edses que participaram do Tratado de Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o Amaz\u00f4nica recomendaram a expans\u00e3o ao sul do Parque Nacional Canaima, na Venezuela, para conect\u00e1-lo ao Parque Nacional de Monte Roraima, com uma gest\u00e3o coordenada do turismo, pesquisa e conserva\u00e7\u00e3o.\n\nO plano de manejo foi finalizado em maio de 2000. Devido \u00e0 falta de dinheiro, o parque ainda existia apenas no papel at\u00e9 2001, quando as Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas forneceram dinheiro para implementar e administrar parques brasileiros. Os ind\u00edgenas ficaram preocupados quando o Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renov\u00e1veis \u200b\u200b(Ibama) come\u00e7ou a implementar o plano de manejo. Isso incluiu a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de um edif\u00edcio sede e, potencialmente, a remo\u00e7\u00e3o dos povos ind\u00edgenas ingarik\u00f3 e macushi do parque. Esses povos usaram a \u00e1rea por muitos anos para ca\u00e7a, agricultura e pr\u00e1ticas religiosas. O conflito era dif\u00edcil de resolver, uma vez que o desocupamento do parque exigiria uma grande mudan\u00e7a legislativa, assim como permitiria que os povos ind\u00edgenas usassem o parque.\n\nDevido a disputas de terras e o movimento para criar o territ\u00f3rio ind\u00edgena de Raposa Serra do Sol, o plano de manejo n\u00e3o foi ratificado pelo ICMBio. A partir de 2002, t\u00e9cnicos do IBAMA trabalharam com os ingarik\u00f3 na \u00e1rea. Em 15 de abril de 2005, a \u00e1rea foi totalmente destinada \u00e0 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional do \u00cdndio (FUNAI) por meio do dispositivo legal de \"dupla afeta\u00e7\u00e3o\" criado pelo governo federal com reconhecimento da Terra Ind\u00edgena Raposa Serra do Sol. Nos termos do decreto de 15 de abril de 2005, os limites da Terra Ind\u00edgena Raposa Serra do Sol foram ratificados e o Parque Nacional do Monte Roraima tornou-se propriedade p\u00fablica da Uni\u00e3o com o papel de manter os direitos constitucionais dos \u00edndios e preservar o meio ambiente.\n\nBibliografia \n\nPacaraima\nMonte Roraima\nMonte Roraima", "meta": {"title": "Parque Nacional do Monte Roraima", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parque%20Nacional%20do%20Monte%20Roraima", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Las relaciones Manley-Rowe son expresiones matem\u00e1ticass desarrolladas originalmente para la ingenier\u00eda el\u00e9ctrica con el fin de predecir la cantidad de energ\u00eda en una onda que tiene m\u00faltiples frecuencias.\n\nLos documentos originales, escritos por dos investigadores en los Laboratorios Bell, J. M. Manley y H. E. Rowe entre 1956 y 1960 fueron confeccionados para un circuito que conten\u00eda un sistema no lineal formado por un condensador y una bobina. Uno o m\u00e1s osciladores, que producen frecuencias espec\u00edficas, est\u00e1n conectados a la entrada de este circuito. Las relaciones de Manley-Rowe predicen la energ\u00eda presente en las ondas a varias frecuencias, incluidas las nuevas frecuencias (como arm\u00f3nico y sideband) que surgen en el circuito debido al sistema no lineal. La teor\u00eda se basa en parte en el principio de conservaci\u00f3n de la energ\u00eda. Requiere que almacenamiento de energ\u00eda en el circuito sea un proceso estacionario que var\u00eda con el tiempo solo debido a las oscilaciones y no debido a alg\u00fan aumento o disminuci\u00f3n constante con el tiempo.\n\nDebido a que las relaciones de Manley-Rowe se basan en conceptos generales como ondas no lineales y conservaci\u00f3n de la energ\u00eda, su uso no se limita a la aplicaci\u00f3n original en ingenier\u00eda de radiofrecuencia. Tambi\u00e9n han encontrado uso en otros campos cient\u00edficos, como por ejemplo la \u00f3ptica no lineal.\nEn el circuito el\u00e9ctrico para la deducci\u00f3n original de las relaciones de Manley-Rowe, los condensadores e inductores almacenan energ\u00eda de una onda y luego la liberan. Otros sistemas f\u00edsicos que implican el almacenamiento de energ\u00eda en forma de ondas, y la generaci\u00f3n no lineal de nuevas ondas, pueden hacer uso de las mismas relaciones.\n\nJohn Manley y Harrison Rowe fueron disc\u00edpulos de Ralph Hartley en los Laboratorios Bell (aunque esta informaci\u00f3n no est\u00e1 relacionada con las relaciones Manley-Rowe). El trabajo con reactancias no lineales (inductores y condensadores) fue iniciado en 1917 por John Burton y Eugene Peterson.  Cuando Hartley se uni\u00f3 a los Laboratorios Bell despu\u00e9s de trabajar en la Western Electric, comenz\u00f3 un grupo de investigaci\u00f3n sobre oscilaciones no lineales. A este grupo se unieron luego Peterson, Manley y Rowe.\n\nReferencias\n\nMatem\u00e1ticas aplicadas\nIngenier\u00eda el\u00e9ctrica", "meta": {"title": "Relaciones de Manley-Rowe", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaciones%20de%20Manley-Rowe", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Santa Maria Addolorata ist eine r\u00f6misch-katholische Pfarr- und Titelkirche im r\u00f6mischen Quartieri Collatino an der Kreuzung zwischen Viale della Serenissima und Viale della Venezia Giulia. Die Kirche ist der Mater Dolorosa (Schmerzensmutter) geweiht. Sie ist von Beata Maria Vergine Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires, die dasselbe Patronat hat, zu unterscheiden.\n\nGeschichte \n1954 wurde die Gemeinde als Kuratie aus der Pfarrei Santa Maria Madre della Misericordia herausgel\u00f6st. Giuseppe Zander entwarf eine Kirche. Von dieser wurde aber nur die Krypta gebaut und die Pfarrei musste fast 50 Jahre mit einem Provisorium zurechtkommen. Am 14. Januar 1958 wurde die Pfarrei von Kardinalvikar Clemente Micara gegr\u00fcndet und den Congregation Misonariorum Servorum Pauperum zur Seelsorge \u00fcberlassen. Seit 1987 \u00fcbernahmen Di\u00f6zesanpriester diese Aufgabe. \n\nDie Kirche wurde zwischen 1998 und 2001 nach Entw\u00fcrfen von Tommaso Sbardella gebaut. Sie wurde am 17. M\u00e4rz 2001 von Kardinalvikar Camillo Ruini geweiht. \n\nAm 14. November 2015 wurde sie von Papst Franziskus zur Titelkirche erhoben.\n\nBeschreibung \n\nDas Geb\u00e4ude besteht au\u00dfen aus roten Backsteinen. Licht dringt durch vertikale Fenster ein. Seitlich ist ein freistehender Glockenturm aus Beton, mit sichtbarer Innentreppe, die in den Glockenstuhl f\u00fchrt, wo f\u00fcnf Glocken angeordnet sind: eine davon ist \u201eden Opfer der Stra\u00dfe\u201c gewidmet.\n\nIm Innern hat die Kirche ein rechteckiges Kirchenschiff: Der Chor und der Eingang sind in zwei entgegengesetzten Ecken. Etwas erh\u00f6ht ist der Altarum mit dem Hochaltar. Zwei Glasfenster von Mara Alessandri sind neben dem Altar zu sehen.\n\nKardinalpriester \nBisher einziger Titeltr\u00e4ger ist:\n Francis Xavier Kriengsak Kovitvanit, Erzbischof von Bangkok, seit 14. Februar 2015\n\nLiteraturhinweis \n C. Rendina, Le Chiese di Roma, Newton & Compton Editori, Mailand 2000\n M. Quercioli, Quartiere XXII. Collatino, in AA.VV, I quartieri di Roma, Newton & Compton Editori, Rom 2006\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n \n Pfarreiinformationen auf der Website des Bistums Roms\n Pfarreiseite\n Pfarreiseite \n\nTitelkirche\nKirchengeb\u00e4ude in Rom\nRom", "meta": {"title": "Santa Maria Addolorata", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa%20Maria%20Addolorata", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00d6rm\u00e9nyes ist eine ungarische Gemeinde im Kreis T\u00f6r\u00f6kszentmikl\u00f3s im Komitat J\u00e1sz-Nagykun-Szolnok. Sie liegt ungef\u00e4hr 12 Kilometer \u00f6stlich der Stadt T\u00f6r\u00f6kszentmikl\u00f3s.\n\nSehensw\u00fcrdigkeiten \n Bahnhofsgeb\u00e4ude Fegyvernek-\u00d6rm\u00e9nyes, erbaut 1857\n R\u00f6misch-katholische Kirche Iskolak\u00e1polna\n Salzwiesen (Szikes mocsarak) in der Umgebung\n Schloss Bir\u00f3 (Bir\u00f3-kast\u00e9ly)\n Schloss Glaser (Glaser-kast\u00e9ly)\n\nVerkehr \nIn \u00d6rm\u00e9nyes treffen die Landstra\u00dfen und Nr. 4204 und Nr. 4207 aufeinander. Der  Bahnhof Fegyvernek-\u00d6rm\u00e9nyes ist angebunden an die Eisenbahnstrecke von Szolnok nach Z\u00e1hony.\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n Offizielle Website ()\n K\u00e1roly K\u00f3sa: \u201eTornyos kast\u00e9ly\u201d \u00d6rm\u00e9nyesen (ungarisch)\n\nOrt im Komitat J\u00e1sz-Nagykun-Szolnok", "meta": {"title": "\u00d6rm\u00e9nyes", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96rm%C3%A9nyes", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ceci est une liste des membres du Parlement europ\u00e9en pour l'Italie de 1999 \u00e0 2004, class\u00e9s par nom.\n\nListe\n\nVoir aussi \n \u00c9lections europ\u00e9ennes de 1999 en Italie\n\n1999-2004", "meta": {"title": "Liste des d\u00e9put\u00e9s europ\u00e9ens d'Italie de la 5e l\u00e9gislature", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste%20des%20d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s%20europ%C3%A9ens%20d%27Italie%20de%20la%205e%20l%C3%A9gislature", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Michel-Joseph Leblois ( - ), magistrat fran\u00e7ais,\n Georges-Louis Leblois, ( -  ), pasteur et \u00e9crivain fran\u00e7ais.\n Louis Leblois ( - ), avocat et \u00e9crivain fran\u00e7ais,\n Paul Leblois ( - ), g\u00e9n\u00e9ral fran\u00e7ais,\n Louise-Am\u00e9lie Leblois, botaniste fran\u00e7aise.", "meta": {"title": "Leblois", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leblois", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Wachten bezeichnet:\n Plural von Wacht (Stadtbezirk)\n in \u00d6sterreich die Totenwache\n\nFamiliennamen:\n Johannes Wachten, Judaist und Autor\n Kunibert Wachten (* 1952), deutscher Architekt und Stadtplaner", "meta": {"title": "Wachten", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wachten", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gerry McGrath (born June 14, 1959) is a former Canadian football placekicker and punter and former head coach for Concordia University's football team, the Concordia Stingers. McGrath became Concordia's head coach in 2000 after serving for eight years as the team's offensive coordinator. As a professional player, he played for six seasons for the Montreal Alouettes, Montreal Concordes, and Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League. He played junior football for the Verdun Maple Leafs of the Canadian Junior Football League.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nConcordia Stingers profile\n\n1959 births\nAnglophone Quebec people\nCanadian football placekickers\nCanadian football punters\nConcordia Stingers football coaches\nLiving people\nMontreal Alouettes players\nOttawa Rough Riders players\nPlayers of Canadian football from Quebec\nCanadian football people from Montreal\nSaskatchewan Roughriders players", "meta": {"title": "Gerry McGrath", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerry%20McGrath", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dauda Abasama may refer to the following people.\n\nDauda Abasama I, a Hausa king (reign: 1565)\nDauda Abasama II, a Hausa king (reign: 1776\u20131781)", "meta": {"title": "Dauda Abasama", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauda%20Abasama", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Yangcheng (kinesiska: \u9633\u57ce, \u9633\u57ce\u4e61) \u00e4r en socken i Kina. Den ligger i provinsen Shanxi, i den norra delen av landet, omkring 100 kilometer sydv\u00e4st om provinshuvudstaden Taiyuan. Antalet inv\u00e5nare \u00e4r . Befolkningen best\u00e5r av  kvinnor och  m\u00e4n. Barn under 15 \u00e5r utg\u00f6r  %, vuxna 15-64 \u00e5r  %, och \u00e4ldre \u00f6ver 65 \u00e5r  %.\n\nGenomsnittlig \u00e5rsnederb\u00f6rd \u00e4r  millimeter. Den regnigaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r juli, med i genomsnitt  mm nederb\u00f6rd, och den torraste \u00e4r december, med  mm nederb\u00f6rd.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nIndelningar i Shanxi\nWP:Projekt Kina", "meta": {"title": "Yangcheng (socken i Kina, Shanxi)", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangcheng%20%28socken%20i%20Kina%2C%20Shanxi%29", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Saint-Maur \u00e8 un comune francese di 402 abitanti situato nel dipartimento dell'Oise della regione dell'Alta Francia.\n\nSociet\u00e0\n\nEvoluzione demografica\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti \n\nComuni dell'Oise", "meta": {"title": "Saint-Maur (Oise)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Maur%20%28Oise%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vice: Project Doom, ou  au Japon, est un jeu d'action \u00e0 plates-formes de science-fiction, parsem\u00e9 d'\u00e9l\u00e9ments de shoot them up. D\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par Aicom et \u00e9dit\u00e9 par Sammy sur NES, le jeu est sorti au Japon le  puis en l'Am\u00e9rique du Nord en .\n\nSynopsis \nEn 2139, une nouvelle drogue, le \"Gel\", distribu\u00e9e ill\u00e9galement en sous-main par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'armement B.E.D.A Corp., dirig\u00e9e par Damian Hawke, provoque des ravages chez les consommateurs. La B.E.D.A Corp est en fait une couverture au service d'extraterrestres r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s secr\u00e8tement sur Terre depuis plusieurs centaines d'ann\u00e9es. Le \"Gel\" qu'elle fabrique est \u00e0 l'origine une substance dont se nourrissent les extraterrestres. Alors que les d\u00e9tectives Quinn Hart et Reese m\u00e8nent l'enqu\u00eate, Reese dispara\u00eet. Quinn poursuit alors les investigations avec sa nouvelle partenaire et petite amie Sophia et leur amie Christy.\n\nSyst\u00e8me de jeu \nLe jeu est compos\u00e9 de 11 niveaux en 2D \u00e0 d\u00e9filement horizontal et a \u00e9t\u00e9 compar\u00e9 \u00e0 Ninja Gaiden. Son originalit\u00e9 r\u00e9side dans l'existence d'autres modes mineurs de jeu, avec des s\u00e9quences de conduite en v\u00e9hicules en shoot 'em up ainsi que d'autres en rail-shooter.\n\nQuinn Hart dispose de trois armes de base : un pistolet, des grenades et une \u00e9p\u00e9e-fouet laser. La B.E.D.A Corp. dispose pour sa part d'un important armement futuriste, dont des mechas.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nSources \u00e0 lier \n  Famitsu, n\u00b09, not\u00e9 24/40 ;\n  Hardcore Gamer, Issue 3 (August 2005), test non not\u00e9 ;\n\nJeu d'action\nJeu vid\u00e9o sorti en 1991\nJeu NES\nJeu vid\u00e9o d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 au Japon\nJeu vid\u00e9o de science-fiction\nJeu Sammy\nJeu Aicom", "meta": {"title": "Vice: Project Doom", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice%3A%20Project%20Doom", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Anselmo Alliegro y Mil\u00e1 (Yaguajay, 16 de marzo de 1899-Miami, 22 de noviembre de 1961) fue un  pol\u00edtico cubano. Fue presidente interino de Cuba por un d\u00eda (1 y 2 de enero de 1959) tras la partida del presidente Fulgencio Batista del pa\u00eds, cargo que jam\u00e1s asumi\u00f3.\n\nVida \nAlliegro era hijo del emigrante italiano Miguel Allegro Esculpino y la cubana Donatila Mil\u00e1. Contrajo matrimonio con Ana Dur\u00e1n, con quien tuvo sus tres hijos: Rosa Mar\u00eda, Alfredo y Anselmo Alliegro y Dur\u00e1n.\n\nPreviamente hab\u00eda ocupado los cargos de presidente del Senado Cubano (1954 y 1958), primer ministro de Cuba (1944), gobernador de Baracoa en la entonces Provincia de Oriente, representante en el Congreso (1925, 1940, 1945), ministro de Comercio (1942), ministro de Educaci\u00f3n y ministro de Hacienda.\n\nPresidencia \nLa madrugada del 1 de enero de 1959 el dictador Fulgencio Batista renuncia a la presidencia bajo el triunfo de la Revoluci\u00f3n Cubana, es encargado el poder al presidente del Congreso Anselmo Alliegro y Mil\u00e1, quien nunca asumi\u00f3 el cargo, hasta que el 2 de enero de ese mismo a\u00f1o no pudo ser controlada la revoluci\u00f3n cubana y el l\u00edder armado Fidel Castro tom\u00f3 el poder al mismo tiempo que el presidente hu\u00eda en un avi\u00f3n rumbo a Nueva York.\n\nEn efecto, al renunciar Fulgencio Batista a la presidencia, encarg\u00f3 la jefatura de las fuerzas armadas al general Eulogio Cantillo Porras, quien comunic\u00f3 al magistrado m\u00e1s antiguo del Tribunal Supremo de Justicia Carlos Manuel Piedra y Piedra que asumiera el cargo de presidente, atendido que el vicepresidente de la rep\u00fablica Rafael Guas Incl\u00e1n, el presidente del Congreso Anselmo Alliegro y Mil\u00e1, y el presidente de la C\u00e1mara de Representantes Gast\u00f3n Godoy hab\u00edan rechazado asumir la jefatura del Estado.\n\nV\u00e9\u00e1se tambi\u00e9n \n\n Anexo:Presidentes de Cuba\n\nReferencias \n\n Libro de Cuba, Una Enciclopedia Ilustrada que Abarca Las Artes, Las Letras, Las Ciencias, La Econom\u00eda, La Pol\u00edtica, La Historia, La Docencia, Y El Progreso General De La Naci\u00f3n Cubana - Edici\u00f3n Conmemorativa del Cincuentenario de la Rep\u00fablica de Cuba, 1902-1952\n Los Propietarios de Cuba 1958, Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, La Habana, Cuba. 2006 ISBN 9590608302\n\nPresidentes de Cuba\nPrimeros ministros de Cuba\nCubanos en el exilio\nPol\u00edticos de Cuba\nEmigrantes cubanos hacia Estados Unidos\nFallecidos en Miami", "meta": {"title": "Anselmo Alliegro y Mil\u00e1", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anselmo%20Alliegro%20y%20Mil%C3%A1", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Penge Congregational Church is a Congregational church in Penge in the London Borough of Bromley located on Penge High Street between Sainsburys & Tesco Express, on the corner of Kenilworth Road. It is organised under Congregational principles for all who believe in Jesus and is run under a basis of fellowship that includes all members of the church.\n\nIt was built 1912 to designs by P. Morley Horder \"with passage aisles and clerestory. Shafts on large, excellently carved corbels.\" The structure appears fortress-like in its Romanesque Revival architectural style massing. Its elevated situation and tower dominate Penge High Street, more so than the stone broach spire of St. John the Evangelist, Penge.\n\nThe church currently is in-between Ministers (in an interregnum) but the current Associate Minister is Pam Owen. Sunday Services are at 10:30\u00a0a.m. and 6:30\u00a0p.m.\n\nPenge Congregational Church is part of the Congregational Federation.\n\nReferences\n\nPenge\nChurches in the London Borough of Bromley\nChurches completed in 1912\n20th-century Protestant churches\nRomanesque Revival church buildings in England\n1912 establishments in England\n20th-century churches in the United Kingdom", "meta": {"title": "Congregational Church, Penge", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congregational%20Church%2C%20Penge", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mitin () is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Mitina. The surname is derived from Mitya, a diminutive of the male given name Dmitry, and literally means Mitya's. It may refer to\n\nAleksei Mitin (born 1973), Russian footballer\nDarya Mitina (born 1973), Russian politician, historian and cinema critic\nMark Borisovich Mitin (1901-1987), Soviet Marxist-Leninist philosopher and university lecturer\nSergey Anatolyevich Mitin (born 1980), Russian footballer\nSergey Gerasimovich Mitin (born 1951), Russian politician\nViktoria Mitina, Russian politician\n\nRussian-language surnames", "meta": {"title": "Mitin", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitin", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bruce C. Bronzan (September 28, 1947 \u2013 September 28, 2020) was an American politician who served as a member of the California State Assembly from 1982 until his resignation in 1993.\n\nBronzan was born in Fresno, California. He received his undergraduate degree from California State University, Fresno, was a fellow with the Coro Foundation in San Francisco, and received a master's degree in Urban Studies from Occidental College in Los Angeles. Prior to serving in the Assembly, Bronzan was a high school teacher, then became a program director in mental health in Fresno County before successfully running for the County Board of Supervisors. He served on the Fresno County Board of Supervisors from 1975 until his election to the Assembly in 1982. In the Assembly, he was Chairman of the Health Committee, the Select Committee on Mental Health, and the Appropriations Sub-Committee on Health. He became a nationally recognized leader in mental health, successfully carrying the Mental Health Reform Act, Re-Alignment, and the first mental health parity bill in the nation. He was also extensively involved in policy work for kids-at-risk, aging and long-term-care, and public health with more than a hundred pieces of major legislation passed under his name.\n\nAfter resigning from the Assembly early in 1993, he became the Associate Dean for Administration and Development, with the Medical School at the University of California, San Francisco. He was also a Senior Scholar with the UCSF Phil Lee Institute of Health Policy Studies. He was also the President of Trilogy, a healthcare internet company that specializes in developing community based web portals in health and human service for counties and states.\n\nHe was married to Jeri Brittell Bronzan, and resided in Greenbrae, California. Daughter, Chlo\u00eb Bronzan is a professional actress and director in the San Francisco Bay area. His son, Forest Bronzan, is an investor and entrepreneur and the former CEO of Email Aptitude which was acquired in May 2018. Forest lives in Ross, CA.\n\nHe died of lymphoma on September 28, 2020, in Greenbrae, CA at age 73.\n\nReferences\n\n1947 births\n2020 deaths\nDemocratic Party members of the California State Assembly\nPeople from Fresno, California", "meta": {"title": "Bruce Bronzan", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce%20Bronzan", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The first series of British reality television series The Apprentice (UK) was broadcast in the UK on BBC Two, from 16 February to 4 May 2005. After securing the rights to creating a British version of American original, the BBC commissioned a total of twelve episodes, a standard that would be used for consecutive series. It is the only series not to feature a boardroom scene after a candidate quit the programme following a task. Alongside the twelve episodes that were produced, two specials were also created and aired alongside this series \u2013 \"The Story so Far\" on 2 April, aimed at bringing viewers up to speed on the series; and \"You're Hired!\" on 7 May, aired after the series finale, with a format that would be later adapted for use in The Apprentice: You're Fired when it began the following year.\n\nFourteen candidates took part in this programme's first series, with Tim Campbell becoming the overall winner of the series. Excluding specials, the series averaged roughly around 2.5\u00a0million viewers during its broadcast.\n\nSeries overview \nWork on the series began in Autumn 2004, after the BBC successfully secured the rights to creating a British version of the American original, followed by the broadcaster receiving an agreement of acceptance from Alan Sugar to be at the head of the new programme. Involved in development of the format, Sugar worked with the production staff to determine what tasks would be faced by those participating in the series, and how he would be given feedback on these. Amongst the discussions undertaken with him, it was decided that two of Sugar's close business associates, Nick Hewer and Margaret Mountford, would star alongside him in the role of his aides, and that one of the tasks would focus on interviewing candidates who reached the penultimate stage of the process, with both Hewer and Mountford overseeing this, alongside other business associates of Sugar \u2013 Paul Kemsley, Claude Littner, and Bordan Tkachuk.\n\nApplicants for the show were whittled down by the production staff and researchers until around fourteen candidates, consisting of a balanced mix of male and female participants, were chosen to appear in the series. As part of their first task, the candidates formed teams consisting of their respective genders \u2013 the women named their team First Forte, while the men named their team Impact. This series is unique for being the only series to date in the show's history, not to feature an extensive boardroom scene after a candidate chose to leave the programme following the fourth task, and to feature a charity-based challenge with no proper reward for the winning team. In addition, the Final of the series only allowed six \"fired\" candidates to return and provide assistance to the series' two finalists. The schedule for episodes was fixed towards Wednesday evenings, after the watershed period, as final edits of episodes maintained a level of content that included swearing more suitable for mature viewers than young family audiences.\n\nOf those who took part, Tim Campbell would become the eventual winner of the series, and go on to become Project Director of Amstrad's new Health and Beauty division at the time, with his time there documented in a special episode prior to the second series, entitled \"Tim in the Firing Line\". In 2006, Campbell would leave the company to pursue other interests, and would go on to found the Bright Ideas Trust in 2008, offering funding and support for young people wishing to start their own business.\n\nCandidates\n\nPerformance chart \n\nKey:\n The candidate won this series of The Apprentice.\n The candidate was the runner-up.\n The candidate won as project manager on his/her team, for this task.\n The candidate lost as project manager on his/her team, for this task.\n The candidate was on the winning team for this task / they passed the Interviews stage.\n The candidate was on the losing team for this task.\n The candidate was brought to the final boardroom for this task.\n The candidate was fired in this task.\n The candidate lost as project manager for this task and was fired.\n The candidate left the competition on this task.\n\nEpisodes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n\n \n Amstrad\n Saira Khan\n James Max\n Paul Torrisi\n Rachel Groves\n\n2005 British television seasons\n01", "meta": {"title": "The Apprentice (British series 1)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Apprentice%20%28British%20series%201%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Center Township may refer to:\n\nArkansas\n Center Township, Montgomery County, Arkansas, in Montgomery County, Arkansas\n Center Township, Polk County, Arkansas, in Polk County, Arkansas\n Center Township, Pope County, Arkansas\n Center Township, Prairie County, Arkansas, in Prairie County, Arkansas\n Center Township, Sebastian County, Arkansas, in Sebastian County, Arkansas\n Center Township, Washington County, Arkansas\n\nIndiana\n Center Township, Benton County, Indiana\n Center Township, Boone County, Indiana\n Center Township, Clinton County, Indiana\n Center Township, Dearborn County, Indiana\n Center Township, Delaware County, Indiana\n Center Township, Gibson County, Indiana\n Center Township, Grant County, Indiana\n Center Township, Greene County, Indiana\n Center Township, Hancock County, Indiana\n Center Township, Hendricks County, Indiana\n Center Township, Howard County, Indiana\n Center Township, Jennings County, Indiana\n Center Township, Lake County, Indiana\n Center Township, LaPorte County, Indiana\n Center Township, Marion County, Indiana\n Center Township, Marshall County, Indiana\n Center Township, Martin County, Indiana\n Center Township, Porter County, Indiana\n Center Township, Posey County, Indiana\n Center Township, Ripley County, Indiana\n Center Township, Rush County, Indiana\n Center Township, Starke County, Indiana\n Center Township, Union County, Indiana\n Center Township, Vanderburgh County, Indiana\n Center Township, Wayne County, Indiana\n\nIowa\n Center Township, Allamakee County, Iowa\n Center Township, Calhoun County, Iowa\n Center Township, Cedar County, Iowa\n Center Township, Clinton County, Iowa\n Center Township, Decatur County, Iowa\n Center Township, Dubuque County, Iowa\n Center Township, Emmet County, Iowa\n Center Township, Fayette County, Iowa\n Center Township, Henry County, Iowa\n Center Township, Jefferson County, Iowa\n Center Township, Mills County, Iowa\n Center Township, Monona County, Iowa\n Center Township, O'Brien County, Iowa\n Center Township, Pocahontas County, Iowa\n Center Township, Pottawattamie County, Iowa\n Center Township, Shelby County, Iowa \n Center Township, Sioux County, Iowa\n Center Township, Wapello County, Iowa\n Center Township, Winnebago County, Iowa\n\nKansas\n Center Township, Atchison County, Kansas\n Center Township, Chautauqua County, Kansas\n Center Township, Clark County, Kansas\n Center Township, Cloud County, Kansas\n Center Township, Decatur County, Kansas\n Center Township, Dickinson County, Kansas\n Center Township, Doniphan County, Kansas\n Center Township, Hodgeman County, Kansas\n Center Township, Jewell County, Kansas\n Center Township, Lyon County, Kansas, in Lyon County, Kansas\n Center Township, Marshall County, Kansas, in Marshall County, Kansas\n Center Township, Mitchell County, Kansas, in Mitchell County, Kansas\n Center Township, Nemaha County, Kansas, in Nemaha County, Kansas\n Center Township, Ness County, Kansas, in Ness County, Kansas\n Center Township, Ottawa County, Kansas, in Ottawa County, Kansas\n Center Township, Pottawatomie County, Kansas, in Pottawatomie County, Kansas\n Center Township, Rawlins County, Kansas, in Rawlins County, Kansas\n Center Township, Reno County, Kansas, in Reno County, Kansas\n Center Township, Rice County, Kansas, in Rice County, Kansas\n Center Township, Riley County, Kansas, in Riley County, Kansas\n Center Township, Rush County, Kansas, in Rush County, Kansas\n Center Township, Russell County, Kansas\n Center Township, Smith County, Kansas, in Smith County, Kansas\n Center Township, Stevens County, Kansas, in Stevens County, Kansas\n Center Township, Wilson County, Kansas\n Center Township, Woodson County, Kansas, in Woodson County, Kansas\n\nMichigan\n Center Township, Emmet County, Michigan\n\nMinnesota\n Center Township, Minnesota\n\nMissouri\n Center Township, Buchanan County, Missouri\n Center Township, Dade County, Missouri\n Center Township, Hickory County, Missouri\n Center Township, Knox County, Missouri\n Center Township, McDonald County, Missouri\n Center Township, Ralls County, Missouri\n Center Township, St. Clair County, Missouri\n Center Township, Vernon County, Missouri\n\nNebraska\n Center Township, Buffalo County, Nebraska\n Center Township, Butler County, Nebraska\n Center Township, Hall County, Nebraska, in Hall County, Nebraska\n Center Township, Phelps County, Nebraska\n Center Township, Saunders County, Nebraska\n\nNorth Carolina\n Center Township, Chatham County, North Carolina, in Chatham County, North Carolina\n Center Township, Stanly County, North Carolina, in Stanly County, North Carolina\n\nNorth Dakota\n Center Township, Richland County, North Dakota, in Richland County, North Dakota\n\nOhio\n Center Township, Carroll County, Ohio\n Center Township, Columbiana County, Ohio\n Center Township, Guernsey County, Ohio\n Center Township, Mercer County, Ohio\n Center Township, Monroe County, Ohio\n Center Township, Morgan County, Ohio\n Center Township, Noble County, Ohio\n Center Township, Williams County, Ohio\n Center Township, Wood County, Ohio\n\nPennsylvania\n Center Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania\n Center Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania\n Center Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania\n Center Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania\n Center Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania\n\nSouth Dakota\n Center Township, Aurora County, South Dakota, in Aurora County, South Dakota\n\nSee also\nCentre Township (disambiguation)\n\nTownship name disambiguation pages", "meta": {"title": "Center Township", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20Township", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Philadelphia City Hall ist das Rathaus der Stadt Philadelphia im US-Bundesstaat Pennsylvania. Sie steht mitten auf dem Penn Square, wo sich die beiden historischen Hauptstra\u00dfen der Stadt, die Broad Street und die Market Street, im rechten Winkel kreuzen. Damit bildet sie den geografischen Mittelpunkt des historischen Stadtkerns.\n\nDas Geb\u00e4ude wurde 1871 bis 1901 im viktorianischen Stil als The New Public Buildings (deutsch: die neuen \u00f6ffentlichen Geb\u00e4ude) vom Architekten John McArthur, Jr. erbaut. Der Uhrenturm auf der Nordseite ist 167,03\u00a0m (548\u00a0Fu\u00df) hoch und damit das h\u00f6chste gemauerte Geb\u00e4ude der Welt. Auf seiner Spitze steht eine elf Meter hohe Statue des Koloniegr\u00fcnders Pennsylvanias, William Penn.\n\nDie City Hall war bei ihrer Er\u00f6ffnung das h\u00f6chste B\u00fcrogeb\u00e4ude der Welt, wurde jedoch schon 1908 vom Singer Building in New York City \u00fcbertroffen. Sie blieb das h\u00f6chste Geb\u00e4ude in Pennsylvania bis zur Fertigstellung des Gulf Tower in Pittsburgh 1932 und in Philadelphia bis zur Errichtung des One Liberty Place 1984\u201387, das als erstes Hochhaus der Stadt die inoffizielle Vereinbarung brach, dass kein Geb\u00e4ude h\u00f6her als das Rathaus sein sollte.\n\nDas Rathaus hat seit Dezember 1976 den Status eines National Historic Landmarks und ist als Bauwerk im National Register of Historic Places eingetragen. 2005 wurde die Philadelphia City Hall von der American Society of Civil Engineers in die List of Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks aufgenommen.\n\nWeblinks\n\nQuellen \n Historic American Buildings Survey: The New Public Buildings, Penn Square, Broad & Market Streets, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA. in: Historic American Buildings Survey (Library of Congress), Library of Congress, Prints and Photograph Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA (englisch)\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nDenkmal im National Register of Historic Places (Pennsylvania)\nNational Historic Landmark (Pennsylvania)\nRathaus in den Vereinigten Staaten\nHistoric Civil Engineering Landmark\nErbaut in den 1900er Jahren\nPolitik (Pennsylvania)\nBauwerk in Philadelphia\nStandort der Kommunalverwaltung\nTechnisches Denkmal in den Vereinigten Staaten", "meta": {"title": "Philadelphia City Hall", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philadelphia%20City%20Hall", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jeppe Borild Kj\u00e6r (born 6 November 1985) is a retired Danish footballer.\n\nCareer\nAfter leaving Lyngby BK on 25 June 2019, he joined FC Helsing\u00f8r on 9 July 2019 on a 2-year contract.\n\nReferences\n\nDanish men's footballers\nDanish Superliga players\nDanish 1st Division players\n1985 births\nLiving people\nPeople from Roskilde\nFC Roskilde players\nHB K\u00f8ge players\nAarhus Gymnastikforening players\nLyngby Boldklub players\nFC Helsing\u00f8r players\nAssociation football forwards\nSportspeople from Region Zealand", "meta": {"title": "Jeppe Kj\u00e6r (footballer, born 1985)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeppe%20Kj%C3%A6r%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201985%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lincoln, a veces llamada Longwool Lincoln, es una raza de ovejas de Inglaterra.\n\nCaracter\u00edsticas \n\nLa oveja Lincoln es la m\u00e1s grande de las ovejas brit\u00e1nicas, desarrollada espec\u00edficamente para producir el m\u00e1s pesado abrigo polar por su larga y brillante fibra, es la mayor fibra de cualquier raza ovina del mundo. Un gran n\u00famero de ellas fueron exportados a muchos pa\u00edses para mejorar la calidad y el tama\u00f1o de la lana de sus razas aut\u00f3ctonas. El vers\u00e1til vell\u00f3n, tiene una gran demanda para las hilander\u00edas, tejidos y muchas otras artesan\u00edas.\n\nEn la actualidad de los principios del siglo XXI es una de las razas m\u00e1s raras de Gran Breta\u00f1a, clasificada como \"en riesgo\" por Rare Breeds Survival Trust, ya que hay menos de 1.500 hembras de cr\u00eda registrados en el Reino Unido.\n\nLos carneros mayores pesan de 110 a 160 kg y las hembras maduras tienen un peso desde los 91 a los 110 kg. Los vellones de la Lincoln se encuentran entre los m\u00e1s largos de todas las razas, de 20 a 38 cm con un rendimiento del 65 a 80%. La raza Lincoln producen la lana m\u00e1s gruesa y m\u00e1s pesada de las ovejas, con vellones de 5,4 a 9,1 kg. La lana tiene un espesor de 41,0 a 33,5 micrones de di\u00e1metro. Si bien es gruesa, la lana tiene un brillo considerable.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n Sitio web oficial de la asociaci\u00f3n Lincoln Longwool Sheep Breeders (en ingl\u00e9s)\n Universidad de Oklahoma Lincoln (en ingl\u00e9s)\n\nRazas ovinas de Inglaterra", "meta": {"title": "Lincoln (oveja)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln%20%28oveja%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rhodeus monguonensis \u00e4r en fiskart som f\u00f6rst beskrevs av Li, 1989.  Rhodeus monguonensis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Rhodeus och familjen karpfiskar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nKarpfiskar\nmonguonensis", "meta": {"title": "Rhodeus monguonensis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodeus%20monguonensis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Kos\u00e1ry Domokos K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r \u00e9s Lev\u00e9lt\u00e1r k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakat, lev\u00e9lt\u00e1rakat \u00e9s egy m\u00fazeumot mag\u00e1ban foglal\u00f3 k\u00f6zgy\u0171jtem\u00e9ny, mely a Magyar Agr\u00e1r- \u00e9s \u00c9lettudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem int\u00e9zm\u00e9nye.\n\nK\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rai nyilv\u00e1nos tudom\u00e1nyos szakk\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rak. A karok hallgat\u00f3it, oktat\u00f3it, kutat\u00f3it, valamint nyilv\u00e1nos k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rk\u00e9nt a gy\u0171jt\u0151k\u00f6rnek megfelel\u0151 tudom\u00e1nyter\u00fcletek ir\u00e1nt \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u0151ket l\u00e1tja el szakirodalmi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3val, hagyom\u00e1nyos \u00e9s elektronikus dokumentumokkal. Szakmailag felk\u00e9sz\u00fclt munkat\u00e1rsaival, a haszn\u00e1l\u00f3kkal egy\u00fctt folyamatosan alak\u00edtott, b\u0151v\u00fcl\u0151 min\u0151s\u00e9gi szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1saival, minden tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9vel arra t\u00f6rekszik, hogy a hagyom\u00e1nyos k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r \u00e9s tud\u00e1st\u00e1r, valamint az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3s adatb\u00e1zisok, elektronikus dokumentumok szerves egys\u00e9g\u00e9t alkot\u00f3, az egyetem \u00e9let\u00e9ben meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3, kiemelt int\u00e9zm\u00e9ny legyen.\n\nT\u00f6rt\u00e9net\nA K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r 1945-ben, az \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 Magyar Agr\u00e1rtudom\u00e1nyi Egyetemmel egy id\u0151ben kezdte meg m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t. Az \u00faj int\u00e9zm\u00e9ny t\u00f6bb helyr\u0151l, \u00edgy az Orsz\u00e1gos Magyar Gazdas\u00e1gi Egyes\u00fclet (OMGE) \u00e9s a J\u00f3zsef N\u00e1dor M\u0171szaki \u00e9s Gazdas\u00e1gtudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem Mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi Szakoszt\u00e1lynak \u00e1llom\u00e1ny\u00e1t mag\u00e1ba olvasztva lett a g\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151i mez\u0151gazd\u00e1szk\u00e9pz\u00e9s k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1ra. 1952-ben v\u00e1lt k\u00f6zponti k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rr\u00e1 Agr\u00e1rtudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r n\u00e9ven, vezet\u0151je pedig Kos\u00e1ry Domokos t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u00e9sz lett 1957-ig. Az \u0151 nev\u00e9hez f\u0171z\u0151dik a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r szervezeti kereteinek kialak\u00edt\u00e1sa, szakmai \u00e9s tudom\u00e1nyos munk\u00e1j\u00e1nak megszervez\u00e9se. 1967 \u00e9s 1970 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az egyetem f\u0151\u00e9p\u00fclet\u00e9nek els\u0151 emelet\u00e9n jelent\u0151sen b\u0151v\u00edtett\u00e9k \u00e9s korszer\u0171s\u00edtett\u00e9k a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r ter\u00fclet\u00e9t. 1989-ben kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes nyilv\u00e1ntart\u00e1s fejleszt\u00e9se. 1993-ban megalakult a G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151i Agr\u00e1rtudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem (GATE) szaklev\u00e9lt\u00e1ra. A lev\u00e9lt\u00e1r t\u00f6bb hazai fels\u0151oktat\u00e1si int\u00e9zm\u00e9ny \u00e9s azok iratt\u00e1rainak anyagait vette \u00e1t az elk\u00f6vetkez\u0151 \u00e9vekben.  2000. janu\u00e1r 1-j\u00e9n megalakult a Szent Istv\u00e1n Egyetem, \u00edgy a G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151i Agr\u00e1rtudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem K\u00f6zponti K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1ra a SZIE k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1ri h\u00e1l\u00f3zat\u00e1nak tagja lett G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151i Tudom\u00e1nyos K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r n\u00e9ven, m\u00edg a lev\u00e9lt\u00e1r a Szent Istv\u00e1n Egyetem Szaklev\u00e9lt\u00e1ra n\u00e9ven m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt tov\u00e1bb.\n\n2008-ban egyes\u00fclt a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r \u00e9s a lev\u00e9lt\u00e1r, valamint felvett\u00e9k a kor\u00e1bbi igazgat\u00f3-akad\u00e9mikus nev\u00e9t, \u00edgy Kos\u00e1ry Domokos K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r \u00e9s Lev\u00e9lt\u00e1r n\u00e9ven folytatta tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9t a Szent Istv\u00e1n Egyetem keretein bel\u00fcl. Az egyetem \u00e1llamib\u00f3l alap\u00edtv\u00e1nyi fenntart\u00e1s\u00fav\u00e1 alak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra 2021. febru\u00e1r 1-j\u00e9n ker\u00fclt sor, mikort\u00f3l a Magyar Agr\u00e1r- \u00e9s \u00c9lettudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem Kos\u00e1ry Domokos K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r \u00e9s Lev\u00e9lt\u00e1r n\u00e9ven folytatt\u00e1k a k\u00f6zgy\u0171jtem\u00e9nyi munk\u00e1t. 2013-ban megalap\u00edtott\u00e1k a Kos\u00e1ry Domokos-d\u00edjat a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1ri \u00e9s lev\u00e9lt\u00e1ri munka elismer\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n\nJegyzetek\n\nMagyarorsz\u00e1g fels\u0151oktat\u00e1si k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rai\nG\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151\nMagyar Agr\u00e1r- \u00e9s \u00c9lettudom\u00e1nyi Egyetem", "meta": {"title": "Kos\u00e1ry Domokos K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r \u00e9s Lev\u00e9lt\u00e1r", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kos%C3%A1ry%20Domokos%20K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r%20%C3%A9s%20Lev%C3%A9lt%C3%A1r", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The lesser lophorina (Lophorina minor), also known as lesser superb bird-of-paradise or rasping bird-of-paradise, is a species of passerine bird in the bird-of-paradise family Paradisaeidae.\n\nIt is endemic to the Bird's Tail Peninsula (Papua New Guinea). It was formerly considered as a subspecies of the superb bird-of-paradise, and elevated to species rank in 2017.\n\nReferences\n\nLesser lophorina\nBirds of the Papuan Peninsula\nLesser lophorina", "meta": {"title": "Lesser lophorina", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesser%20lophorina", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u041a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 (, ; 1513\u20141566)\u00a0\u2014 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 XVI \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0433\u0433\u0435.\n\n\u041a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0435\u0439, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c, \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044e, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u043d \u0432 \u00abResponsio ad calumnias Bartholomaei Nervii\u00bb. \u041f\u043e \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0424\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 I \u041a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u00abConsultatio de articulis religionis inter catholicos et protestantes controversis\u00bb \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \n\n\u0411\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u0438\n\u0411\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b XVI \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\n\u0414\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440, \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%2C%20%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0432 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0456, \u0443 \u0433\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456 \u0490\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456\u043d \u0490\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 \u041c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014   (2011).\n\n\u0423 1975-1998 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e \u041f\u043b\u043e\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 31 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044f 2011 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443:\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0490\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0432 (\u0490\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2%20%28%D2%90%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0410\u0444\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0441\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0414\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u043b\u044b\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0410\u0444\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0451\u0440 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440, \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b. 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\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u00bb.\n \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0416\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438.\n \u0417\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430\n\n\u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0410\u0444\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b (1979\u20141989)\n\u0411\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\n\u041b\u044b\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\n\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0451\u0440\u044b \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440 2002 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 1998 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 2002 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 2006 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u041b\u044b\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0414\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0410\u0444\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85%2C%20%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u2013 powiat w Japonii, w prefekturze Kagoshima. W 2020 roku liczy\u0142  mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w.\n\nMiejscowo\u015bci \n Y\u016bsui\n\nHistoria \n\n Wraz z utworzeniem nowego systemu administracyjnego 1 kwietnia 1889 roku powiat Aira zosta\u0142 podzielony na 6 wiosek: Ch\u014dsa, Kajiki, Kam\u014d, Mizobe, Shigetomi oraz Yamada.\n 1 kwietnia 1897 \u2013 powiat Aira \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 z powiatem Nishisoo (wioski Shikine, Shimizu, \u6771\u8972\u5c71\u6751, Fukuyama, Kokubu, Nishikokubu i Higashikokubu) oraz z powiatem Kuwabara (wioski Kurino, Yoshimatsu, Makizono, Yokogawa, Nishisonoyama). (18 wiosek)\n 1 czerwca 1912 \u2013 wioska Kajiki zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (1 miejscowo\u015b\u0107, 17 wiosek)\n 1 kwietnia 1926 \u2013 wioska Kokubu zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (2 miejscowo\u015bci, 16 wiosek)\n 1 listopada 1928 \u2013 wioska Kam\u014d zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (3 miejscowo\u015bci, 15 wiosek)\n 10 pa\u017adziernika 1929 \u2013 wioska Nishikokubu zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci i zmieni\u0142a nazw\u0119 na Hayato. (4 miejscowo\u015b\u0107, 14 wiosek)\n 1 listopada 1929 \u2013 wioska Fukuyama zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (5 miejscowo\u015bci, 13 wiosek)\n 1 stycznia 1930 \u2013 wioska Nishisonoyama zmieni\u0142a nazw\u0119 na Hinatayama.\n 1 kwietnia 1932 \u2013 wioska Kurino zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (6 miejscowo\u015bci, 12 wiosek)\n 10 lipca 1935 \u2013 wioska \u6771\u8972\u5c71\u6751 zmieni\u0142a nazw\u0119 na Kirishima.\n 1 kwietnia 1940 \u2013 wioski Yokogawa i Makizono zdoby\u0142y status miejscowo\u015bci. (8 miejscowo\u015bci, 10 wiosek)\n 1 kwietnia 1942 \u2013 wioska Ch\u014dsa zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (9 miejscowo\u015bci, 9 wiosek)\n 1 kwietnia 1950 \u2013 wioska \u6771\u8972\u5c71\u6751 wydzieli\u0142a si\u0119 z cz\u0119\u015bci wioski Kirishima. (9 miejscowo\u015bci, 10 wiosek)\n 11 lutego 1953 \u2013 wioska Yoshimatsu zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (10 miejscowo\u015bci, 9 wiosek)\n 3 maja 1953 \u2013 wioska Hinatayama zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (11 miejscowo\u015bci, 8 wiosek)\n 1 kwietnia 1954: (11 miejscowo\u015bci, 6 wiosek)\n miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Kokubu po\u0142\u0105czy\u0142a si\u0119 z wiosk\u0105 \u6771\u8972\u5c71\u6751 i cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 wsi Shimizu.\n miejscowo\u015bci Hayato i Hinatayama oraz cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 wsi Shimizu utworzy\u0142y miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Hayatohinatayama.\n 10 maja 1954 \u2013 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Kokubu powi\u0119kszy\u0142a si\u0119 o teren wsi Higashikokubu i Shikine. (10 miejscowo\u015bci, 4 wiosek)\n 1 stycznia 1955: (10 miejscowo\u015bci, 2 wioski)\n miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Ch\u014dsa, wioska Shigetomi i cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 wsi Yamada utworzy\u0142y miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Aira.\n cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 wsi Yamada zosta\u0142a w\u0142\u0105czona do miejscowo\u015bci Kam\u014d.\n 1 lutego 1955 \u2013 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Kokubu zdoby\u0142a status miasta. (9 miejscowo\u015bci,  2 wioski)\n 1 kwietnia 1957 \u2013 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Hayatohinatayama zmieni\u0142a nazw\u0119 na Hayato.\n 3 listopada 1958 \u2013 wioska Kirishima zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (10 miejscowo\u015bci, 1 wioska)\n 1 kwietnia 1959 \u2013 wioska Mizobe zdoby\u0142a status miejscowo\u015bci. (11 miejscowo\u015bci)\n 22 marca 2005 \u2013 miejscowo\u015bci Kurino i Yoshimatsu po\u0142\u0105czy\u0142y si\u0119 tworz\u0105c miejscowo\u015b\u0107 Y\u016bsui. (10 miejscowo\u015bci)\n 7 listopada 2005 \u2013 w wyniku po\u0142\u0105czenia miejscowo\u015bci Hayato, Fukuyama, Kirishima, Mizobe, Yokogawa i Makizono z miastem Kokubu powsta\u0142o miasto Kirishima. (4 miejscowo\u015bci)\n 23 marca 2010 \u2013 w wyniku po\u0142\u0105czenia miejscowo\u015bci Aira, Kajiki i Kam\u014d powsta\u0142o miasto Aira. (1 miejscowo\u015b\u0107)\n\nPrzypisy \n\nPowiaty w prefekturze Kagoshima", "meta": {"title": "Powiat Aira", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powiat%20Aira", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Orthocladius nudus \u00e4r en tv\u00e5vingeart som beskrevs av Chaudhuri och Soumyendra Nath Ghosh 1982. Orthocladius nudus ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Orthocladius och familjen fj\u00e4dermyggor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nFj\u00e4dermyggor\nnudus", "meta": {"title": "Orthocladius nudus", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthocladius%20nudus", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 1982 Bromley Council election took place on 6 May 1982 to elect members of Bromley London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative party stayed in overall control of the council.\n\nBackground\n\nElection result\n\nWard results\n\nReferences\n\n1982\n1982 London Borough council elections\nMay 1982 events in the United Kingdom", "meta": {"title": "1982 Bromley London Borough Council election", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982%20Bromley%20London%20Borough%20Council%20election", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Il monastero di Pedralbes \u00e8 un monastero gotico che si trova a Barcellona, oggi utilizzato come museo.\n\nIl nome deriva dal fatto che nel XIV secolo era conosciuto come Petras Albas (in latino \"pietre bianche\"), per via del materiale di costruzione utilizzato.\n\nStoria \nIl monastero fu fondato nel 1326 da re Giacomo II d'Aragona per la moglie Elisenda di Moncada e ospitava una comunit\u00e0 di clarisse, per lo pi\u00f9 figlie di famiglie nobili. La regina confer\u00ec al monastero una serie di privilegi, tra cui la protezione diretta della citt\u00e0 di Barcellona, attraverso il Consiglio dei Cento, che aveva il compito di difenderlo in caso di pericolo. Elisenda costru\u00ec anche un palazzo annesso al monastero, dove visse dopo la morte del marito nel 1327 e dove mor\u00ec nel 1367.\n\nDurante la rivolta catalana del 1640 le monache vennero espulse, per tornarci solo successivamente e tuttoggi nel complesso risiede ancora un piccolo numero di suore.\n\nIl monastero \u00e8 stato dichiarato monumento nazionale nel 1991.\n\nPanoramica \n\nIn origine il monastero era difeso da una linea di mura, di cui oggi restano solo due torri e una porta.\n\nLa chiesa \u00e8 a navata unica, con volte a crociera e abside poligonale e custodisce un retablo gotico di Jaume Huguet, mentre la facciata \u00e8 caratterizzata da un grande rosone.\n\nIl chiostro si sviluppa su tre piani, per una lunghezza di 40 metri, con un giardino centrale di aranci e palme. \u00c8 formato da ampi archi su colonne, i cui capitelli sono decorati con gli emblemi dei Re d'Aragona e della Casa di Moncada. In una delle ali del chiostro si trova il sepolcro della regina Elisenda, in alabastro.\n\nNotevole \u00e8 anche la Cappella di San Michele, che custodisce numerosi affreschi di Ferrer Bassa, risalenti al 1346 e testimonianti l'influenza di Giotto. Negli anni '90 l'ex dormitorio ha ospitato una mostra permanente di opere della collezione Thyssen-Bornemisza, con opere di pittori italiani del Trecento, e successivamente opere di artisti quali Rubens, Canaletto, Tintoretto, Vel\u00e1zquez e Beato Angelico.\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nArchitetture gotiche della Spagna\nLes Corts\nMusei di Barcellona\nPedralbes\nArchitetture di Barcellona\nChiesa cattolica in Spagna", "meta": {"title": "Monastero di Pedralbes", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monastero%20di%20Pedralbes", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Salt Palace may refer to:\nSalt Palace convention center in Salt Lake City\nFirst Salt Palace, former theater in Salt Lake City\nSalt Palace (arena), former arena in Salt Lake City\nMuseum of the Imperial Palace of Manchukuo, former Manchukuo imperial residence called the Salt Palace", "meta": {"title": "Salt Palace (disambiguation)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt%20Palace%20%28disambiguation%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Elaphria detrecta \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Druce. Elaphria detrecta ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Elaphria och familjen nattflyn. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nNattflyn\ndetrecta", "meta": {"title": "Elaphria detrecta", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaphria%20detrecta", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mistrzostwa Afryki w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej kobiet 2012 \u2013 dziesi\u0105ta edycja pi\u0142karskich Mistrzostw Afryki kobiet. Turniej zosta\u0142 rozegrany w dniach 28 pa\u017adziernika \u2013 11 listopada 2012 roku, a gospodarzem tej edycji by\u0142a Gwinea R\u00f3wnikowa. W mistrzostwach uczestniczy\u0142o 8 zespo\u0142\u00f3w. Reprezentacja Gwinei R\u00f3wnikowej jako gospodarz mia\u0142a zagwarantowany udzia\u0142 w turnieju, pozosta\u0142e 7 dru\u017cyn awans wywalczy\u0142o w eliminacjach. Tytu\u0142 wywalczy\u0142y gospodynie, dla kt\u00f3rych by\u0142 to drugi triumf w tych rozgrywkach w historii. W finale pi\u0142karki Gwinei R\u00f3wnikowej pokona\u0142y 4:0 Republik\u0119 Po\u0142udniowej Afryki, dla kt\u00f3rej by\u0142 to ju\u017c czwarty fina\u0142 i czwarty zako\u0144czony pora\u017ck\u0105. Br\u0105zowe medale przypad\u0142y zawodniczkom z Kamerunu, kt\u00f3re w meczu o 3. miejsce okaza\u0142y si\u0119 lepsze od triumfatora poprzedniej edycji, Nigerii.\n\nEliminacje\n\nRunda wst\u0119pna \nPrzed rozpocz\u0119ciem gier ze startu wycofa\u0142a si\u0119 Kenia oraz Burundi. Mecze rundy wst\u0119pnej rozegrano w styczniu 2012 roku.\n\nPierwsza runda \nGwinea R\u00f3wnikowa jako gospodarz automatycznie awansowa\u0142a do turnieju fina\u0142owego, w zwi\u0105zku z czym Demokratyczna Republika Konga uzyska\u0142a awans bez rozgrywania spotka\u0144 w pierwszej rundzie. Mecze pierwszej rundy odby\u0142y si\u0119 w maju i czerwcu 2012 roku.\n\nTurniej Fina\u0142owy \nTurniej fina\u0142owy zosta\u0142 rozegrany w dniach 28 pa\u017adziernika \u2013 11 listopada 2012 roku w Gwinei R\u00f3wnikowej. Mecze odbywa\u0142y si\u0119 na Nuevo Estadio de Malabo w stolicy kraju, Malabo oraz na Estadio de Bata w mie\u015bcie Bata.\n\nFaza grupowa\n\nGrupa A \n\nWszystkie godziny podane w czasie zachodnioafryka\u0144skim (UTC+1)\n\n 1. kolejka:\n\n 2. kolejka:\n\n 3. kolejka:\n\nGrupa B \n\nWszystkie godziny podane w czasie zachodnioafryka\u0144skim (UTC+1)\n\n 1. kolejka:\n\n 2. kolejka:\n\n 3. kolejka:\n\nFaza pucharowa\n\nP\u00f3\u0142fina\u0142y\n\nMecz o 3. miejsce\n\nFina\u0142\n\nStrzelczynie bramek\n\nPrzypisy \n\nPuchar Narod\u00f3w Afryki w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej kobiet\n2012 w Afryce\n2012 w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej\nPi\u0142ka no\u017cna kobiet w Gwinei R\u00f3wnikowej\nGwinea R\u00f3wnikowa w XXI wieku", "meta": {"title": "Mistrzostwa Afryki w Pi\u0142ce No\u017cnej Kobiet 2012", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mistrzostwa%20Afryki%20w%20Pi%C5%82ce%20No%C5%BCnej%20Kobiet%202012", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Okr\u0119g wyborczy Midlothian zwany te\u017c Edinburghshire, powsta\u0142 w 1708 r. i wysy\u0142a\u0142 do brytyjskiej Izby Gmin jednego deputowanego. Okr\u0119g obejmowa\u0142 hrabstwo Edinburghshire w Szkocji (obecne hrabstwo Midlothian). Zosta\u0142 zlikwidowany w 1918 r.\n\nDeputowani do brytyjskiej Izby Gmin z okr\u0119gu Midlothian (Edinburghshire) \n 1708\u20131715: George Lockhart\n 1715\u20131722: John Baird\n 1722\u20131737: Robert Dundas, lord Arniston\n 1737\u20131751: Charles Gilmour\n 1751\u20131754: Robert Balfour-Ramsay\n 1754\u20131761: Robert Dundas, lord Arniston\n 1761\u20131774: Alexander Gilmour\n 1774\u20131790: Henry Dundas\n 1790\u20131801: Robert Dundas of Arniston\n 1801\u20131811: Robert Dundas, torysi\n 1811\u20131832: George Clerk\n 1832\u20131835: John Dalrymple\n 1835\u20131837: George Clerk\n 1837\u20131841: William Gibson-Craig\n 1841\u20131845: William Ramsay Ramsay\n 1845\u20131853: John Hope\n 1853\u20131868: William Montagu-Douglas-Scott, hrabia Dalkeith, Partia Konserwatywna\n 1868\u20131874: Alexander Ramsay-Gibson-Maitland\n 1874\u20131880: William Montagu-Douglas-Scott, hrabia Dalkeith, Partia Konserwatywna\n 1880\u20131895: William Ewart Gladstone, Partia Liberalna\n 1895\u20131900: Thomas Gisbon-Carmichael, Partia Liberalna\n 1900\u20131906: Alexander Murray, Partia Liberalna\n 1906\u20131910: Harry Primrose, lord Dalmeny, Partia Liberalna\n 1910\u20131912: Alexander Murray, Partia Liberalna\n 1912\u20131918: John Augustus Hope, Partia Konserwatywna\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n leighryament.com\n\nMidlothian", "meta": {"title": "Okr\u0119g wyborczy Midlothian", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okr%C4%99g%20wyborczy%20Midlothian", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nCarriera\nHa esordito il 22 febbraio 2015 con la maglia del  in occasione del match di campionato perso 3-2 contro il .\n\nStatistiche\n\nPresenze e reti nei club \nStatistiche aggiornate al 2 settembre 2018.\n\nNote\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Bruno Lamas", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Lamas", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Saint-R\u00e9my is een gemeente in het Franse departement Aveyron (regio Occitanie) en telt 297 inwoners (1999). De plaats maakt deel uit van het arrondissement Villefranche-de-Rouergue.\n\nGeografie\nDe oppervlakte van Saint-R\u00e9my bedraagt 9,0 km\u00b2, de bevolkingsdichtheid is 33,0 inwoners per km\u00b2.\n\nDemografie\nOnderstaande figuur toont het verloop van het inwonertal (bron: INSEE-tellingen).\n\nExterne links\n \n\nGemeente in Aveyron", "meta": {"title": "Saint-R\u00e9my (Aveyron)", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-R%C3%A9my%20%28Aveyron%29", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Men's 15 kilometre classical competition at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2019 was held on 20 and 27 February 2019. A qualification was held on 20 February.\n\nResults\n\nQualification\nThe qualification was started on 20 February at 14:00.\n\nFinal\nThe final was started on 27 February at 14:00.\n\nReferences\n\nMen's 15 kilometre classical", "meta": {"title": "FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2019 \u2013 Men's 15 kilometre classical", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIS%20Nordic%20World%20Ski%20Championships%202019%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%2015%20kilometre%20classical", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Parortholitha indocilis \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Claude Herbulot 1963. Parortholitha indocilis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Parortholitha och familjen m\u00e4tare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nM\u00e4tare\nindocilis", "meta": {"title": "Parortholitha indocilis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parortholitha%20indocilis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0425\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0415\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430:\n \u0425\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0415\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 (\u0440. 1942) \u2013 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0411\u0410\u041d (\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440)\n \u0425\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0415\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 (\u0440. 1959) \u2013 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0440 (\u0444\u0435\u0445\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0447)\n \u0425\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0415\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u2013 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0425\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0415\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%20%D0%95%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Alfred Kastler (Guebwiller, Fran\u00e7a 1902 - Bandol 1984) fou un f\u00edsic i professor universitari franc\u00e8s guardonat amb el Premi Nobel de F\u00edsica l'any 1966.\n\nBiografia \nVa n\u00e9ixer el 3 de maig de 1902 a Guebwiller, ciutat situada en regi\u00f3 d'Als\u00e0cia i que en aquells moments formava part d'Alemanya per\u00f2 que avui dia forma part de Fran\u00e7a.\n\nEstudi\u00e0 a l'Institut d'educaci\u00f3 secund\u00e0ria Lyc\u00e9e Bartholdi a Colmar, ingressant l'any 1921 a l'Escola Normal Superior de Par\u00eds per estudiar f\u00edsica. El 1926 va esdevenir professor del Liceu de M\u00fclhausen i posteriorment a la Universitat de Bordeus, d'on fou professor universitari fins al 1941. Retorn\u00e0 a l'Escola Normal per esdevenir catedr\u00e0tic de f\u00edsica l'any 1952. Endem\u00e9s, fou un poeta en llengua alemanya, autor de Europe ma patrie/Deutsche lieder eines franzosischen europaers (1971).\n\nKastler mor\u00ed el 7 de gener de 1984 a la ciutat de Bandol, situada a la regi\u00f3 de Proven\u00e7a-Alps-Costa Blava.\n\nRecerca cient\u00edfica \nCol\u00b7laborant amb Jean Brossel va realitzar investigacions al voltant de la mec\u00e0nica qu\u00e0ntica, la interacci\u00f3 entre llum i \u00e0toms i l'espectrosc\u00f2pia. Treballant amb la combinaci\u00f3 de la resson\u00e0ncia \u00f2ptica i la resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica va desenvolupar la teoria del l\u00e0ser-m\u00e0ser.\n\nVa guanyar el Premi Nobel de F\u00edsica l'any 1966 per la descoberta i el desenvolupament de m\u00e8todes \u00f3ptics per l'estudi de les resson\u00e0ncies hertzianes en els \u00e0toms.\n\nAl costat de Jean Brossel i envoltat d'un grup de joves f\u00edsics ha desenvolupat aven\u00e7os significatius al voltant de la f\u00edsica at\u00f2mica a Fran\u00e7a. El Laboratori Nacional d'Espectrosc\u00f2pia Hertziana de Fran\u00e7a fou nomenat l'any 1994 Laboratori Kastler-Brossel.\n\nEnlla\u00e7os externs \n\n \n\nF\u00edsics francesos\nPremis Nobel de F\u00edsica\nAlumnes de l'\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure\nPersones de Guebwiller\nAlumnes de la Facultat de Ci\u00e8ncies de Par\u00eds\nMorts a Proven\u00e7a-Alps-Costa Blava\nDoctors honoris causa per la Universitat Laval\nDoctors honoris causa per la Universitat Hebrea de Jerusalem\nF\u00edsics alemanys", "meta": {"title": "Alfred Kastler", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Kastler", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Muzea wojew\u00f3dztwa zachodniopomorskiego \u2013 spis muze\u00f3w, maj\u0105cych siedzib\u0119 na terenie wojew\u00f3dztwa zachodniopomorskiego, podzielony wed\u0142ug tematyki ekspozycji.\n\nWymienione plac\u00f3wki s\u0105 prowadzone przez jednostki samorz\u0105du terytorialnego (wojew\u00f3dztwo, powiat, gmina (miasto)), osoby prawne, ko\u015bcio\u0142y i zwi\u0105zki wyznaniowe, szko\u0142y (uczelnie), a tak\u017ce przez osoby prywatne.\n\n!\n!\nzachodniopomorskie", "meta": {"title": "Muzea w wojew\u00f3dztwie zachodniopomorskim", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzea%20w%20wojew%C3%B3dztwie%20zachodniopomorskim", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le tombeau th\u00e9bain TT 255 est situ\u00e9 \u00e0 Dra Abou el-Naga.\n\nIl fait partie de la n\u00e9cropole th\u00e9baine, situ\u00e9e sur la rive ouest du Nil, face \u00e0 Louxor.\n\nC'est le lieu de s\u00e9pulture de l'ancien \u00e9gyptien Roy, scribe royal, intendant des domaines d'Horemheb et d'Amon, qui a v\u00e9cu \u00e0 la fin de la , sous le r\u00e8gne d'Horemheb. \n\nC'est l'une des deux tombes de Dra Abou el-Naga qui soit ouverte au public. Roy \u00e9tait un \u00ab scribe royal dans les domaines d'Horemheb et d'Amon \u00bb, sous le r\u00e8gne d'Horemheb. Sa femme, qui appara\u00eet avec lui dans les peintures fun\u00e9raires, est nomm\u00e9e Nebtaouy, (abr\u00e9g\u00e9 Taouy).\n\nDescription \n\nLe tombeau est petit, compos\u00e9 d'une seule petite chambre avec une niche et un puits fun\u00e9raire, mais il est bien d\u00e9cor\u00e9. La qualit\u00e9, le d\u00e9tail et les couleurs vives de ses peintures compensent la taille r\u00e9duite de la tombe.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nIndex \u00e9gyptologique\nTombe th\u00e9baine de la XVIIIe dynastie \u00e9gyptienne", "meta": {"title": "TT255", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/TT255", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "EE Rui Barbosa \u00e8 una scuola pubblica statale brasiliana nella citt\u00e0 di Campo Grande fondata nel 1970.\n\nNel 1970 furono costruite tre sale per la catechesi, opera missionaria dei Salesiani, su richiesta dei genitori che gi\u00e0 operavano nella comunit\u00e0. I corsi di alfabetizzazione sono iniziati ad ottobre. Nel 1971 furono costruite altre 14 aule, in uno sforzo congiunto della comunit\u00e0. Il materiale da costruzione \u00e8 stato donato dalla societ\u00e0 Campo Grande legata alla Missione Salesiana. Le promozioni sono state effettuate con l'obiettivo di cercare risorse finanziarie per completare l'opera. Poich\u00e9 la SED dimostra la necessit\u00e0 di creare e autorizzare l'esercizio del Liceo Parrocchiale Paolo VI, a partire dal 1 marzo 1972 \u00e8 stata firmata una convenzione tra la SED e l'Opera Sociale Paolo VI, creando il Collegio Statale Rui Barbosa. Questo nome fu scelto per la morte di Rui Barbosa.\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nScuole in Brasile", "meta": {"title": "Scuola Statale Rui Barbosa", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scuola%20Statale%20Rui%20Barbosa", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Assuranceforeningen Skuld is an international marine insurance company based in Oslo, Norway that specializes in protection and indemnity insurance and marine insurance. Total premium income for 2018/19 was US$402 million. In addition to Oslo, Skuld has offices in Bergen, Bermuda, Copenhagen, Hamburg, Hong Kong, London, New York, Piraeus, Singapore and Tokyo.\n\nHistory \nSkuld was established in 1897 in Oslo, Norway, as the first P&I Club outside the United Kingdom. The name has its origins in Norse mythology, according to which Skuld is one of the powerful goddesses known as norns who weave the threads of destiny. The purpose of the association is \"mutual insurance against liabilities and losses incurred by members in direct connection with the operation of the entered vessels\".\n\nPresent status \nAs a mutual association, the club has no shareholders and is owned and controlled directly by its insured shipowners, who are known as members of the club and are entitled to vote at the general meeting according to the gross tonnage of the ships entered in the association.  The members elect a committee of between 12 and 30 members which meets twice a year, and a board of directors consisting of between five and nine members.  The conditions of membership and terms of insurance are contained in the statutes and rules.\n\nSkuld underwent a major restructuring in the period 2000 to 2003 which led to a substantial improvement in its financial strength and Standard & Poor's rating of A with a stable outlook. It also led to diversification into other marine insurance, including non-mutual. The annual report for the insurance year ending 20 February 2019 records assets of more than US$1 billion and a contingency reserve of $453 million. At the commencement the 2019/2020 insurance year, the entered tonnage for liability insurance reached 103 million gross tons. Some 22% of the tonnage entered continues to be Scandinavian-controlled. Skuld is also a leading provider of charterers' liability insurance.\n\nSkuld is one of thirteen members of the International Group of P&I Clubs that work closely together in reinsurance and industry matters of common interest. The P&I Clubs in the International Group provide insurance for the liabilities of approximately 90% of the world's merchant fleet.\n\nIn December 2010, Skuld announced that it had also entered the Lloyd's market.\n\n1 January 2011, Skuld opened as the first P&I club, a syndicate at Lloyd's, Skuld 1897.\n\n1 January 2017, Skuld acquired Gerling Norway, a global specialist in mainly Hull Insurance \u2013 now renamed Skuld Marine Agency or SMA.\n\nIn July 2019 Skuld closed down its activities at Lloyd's London.\n\nScope of insurance \nThe P&I (\"Protection and Indemnity\") insurance provided by Skuld to its members is primarily to cover the liabilities which they incur to third parties arising out of the operation of their ships. The common types of claim which are covered are for death or injury to passengers and crew, oil pollution, cargo loss or damage, collision, wreck removal and stowaways. Shipowners' exposure to these claims has grown in line with increasing regulation of the shipping industry through International Conventions adopted by the International Maritime Organization as well as by domestic or regional legislation.\n\nSkuld has been involved in a number of high-profile cases, including the Estonia, Hebei Spirit, Braer, Sea Empress and Scandinavian Star.\n\nSkuld also provides shipowners and charterers with additional types of cover. This includes cover for legal assistance and legal costs (\"defence\" cover) as well as insurance for operators of units in the offshore and energy sector.\n\nIn Skuld Marine Agency, Skuld is offering mainly hull and machinery insurance and associated products, with a possibility to write claims lead on selected fleets.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \nSkuld home page\nInternational Group of P&I Clubs\n\nP&I clubs\nCooperatives in Norway\nCompanies based in Oslo\nFinancial services companies established in 1897\nInsurance companies of Norway\nNorwegian companies established in 1897", "meta": {"title": "Assuranceforeningen Skuld", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assuranceforeningen%20Skuld", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u2014 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \n\n\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u043a.\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \n\u0421\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e 1 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 2006 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 07.12.2004 \u2116\u00a0284-\u0417\u041e.\n\n\u041a 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\n\n\u041c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\n\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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(28,47 \u043a\u0413/\u0441\u043c\u00b2) \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 370 \u00b0\u0421. \u0423\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb\u00a0\u2014 55,6 \u043b.\u00a0\u0441./\u0442\u00a0\u2014 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c 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31\u00bd \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 72 500 \u043b.\u00a0\u0441. \u0438 32\u00bc\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430 80 000 \u043b.\u00a0\u0441. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 16 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442 5700 \u0434\u043e 5900 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u044c. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0441 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c: 30,3 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u2014 30,1 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430.\n\n\u0412\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\n\u0410\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \n\u0410\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c 152-\u043c\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c 102-\u043c\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0439. \u0411\u043e\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e 150 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 8000 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c 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\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u041c\u043a-XXI (\u00ab\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440\u00bb, \u00ab\u0421\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439\u00bb, \u00ab\u0410\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u044e\u0437\u0430\u00bb), \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u041c\u043a-XXII (\u0442\u0438\u043f \u00ab\u0421\u0430\u0443\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043d\u00bb) \u0438 \u041c\u043a-XXIII (\u00ab\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0441\u0442\u00bb, \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb). \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430 0,76\u00a0\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432.\n\n\u0422\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \n\u041d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 TR-IV \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043c 533\u00a0\u043c\u043c.\n\n\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430 \n\u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb (Fiji)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 30 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1938\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 31 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1939\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 5 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1940\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u00ab\u041a\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00bb (Kenya)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 18 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1938\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 18 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1939\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 27 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1940\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u00bb (Nigeria)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 8 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f 1938\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 18 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1939\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 23 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1940\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u00ab\u041c\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0443\u0441\u00bb (Mauritius)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 31 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1938\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 19 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1939\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 4 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1941\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u00ab\u0422\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0434\u00bb (Trinidad)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 21 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 1938\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 21 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1940\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 14 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1941\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u00ab\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0438\u044f\u00bb (Gambia)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 24 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1939\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 30 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1940\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 21 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f 1942\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u00ab\u0414\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0430\u00bb (Jamaica)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 28 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 1939\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 16 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1940\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 29 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f 1942\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u00ab\u0411\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0443\u0434\u0430\u00bb (Bermuda)\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d 30 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1939\u00a0\u0433., \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d 11 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1941\u00a0\u0433., \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 21 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1942\u00a0\u0433.\n\n\u041e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \n\u041b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0423\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u00ab\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0441\u0442\u00bb. \u0412 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0451\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u041f\u0412\u041e. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438, \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0441\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0451\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u00ab\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u00bb \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041f\u043e \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0421.\u00a0\u0412.\u00a0\u041f\u0430\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u00ab\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c/\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00bb.\n\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \u041d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u00a0\u042e.\u00a0\u042e. \u042d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 1910\u20142005.\u00a0\u2014 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a, \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442, 2007.\n \n Conway\u2019s All the World\u2019s Fighting Ships, 1922\u20141946.- Annapolis, Maryland, U.S.A. : Naval Institute Press, 1996.\n M. J. Whitley. Cruisers of World War Two. An international encyclopedia.\u00a0\u2014 London, Arms & Armour, 1995.\n \n Smithn P.C. Dominy J.R. Cruisers in Action 1939\u20141945.\u00a0\u2014 London: William Kimber, 1981.", "meta": {"title": "\u041b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u00ab\u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438\u00bb", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B3%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%20%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%20%C2%AB%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%C2%BB", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Robin af Redesdale (fl. 1469), undertiden kaldet \"Robin Mend-All\", var lederen af et opr\u00f8r mod Edvard 4. af England. Hans sande identitet er ukendt, men menes at have v\u00e6ret enten Sir John Conyers (d. 1469), steward af Middleham, hans bror Sir William Conyers af Marske (d. 1469), eller begge. De to var langvarige medlemmer Richard Neville, jarl af Warwicks f\u00f8lge. Graham Evans n\u00e6vner en r\u00e6kke andre muligheder s\u00e5som Sir John Conyers (d. 1490), far til de f\u00f8rn\u00e6vnte Sir John og Sir William, Sir Richard Welles (d. 1470), som blev gift med baronesse Willoughby de Eresby, hendes s\u00f8n, Sir Robert Welles (d. 1470), 8. baron Willoughby de Eresby, eller Lord Robert Ogle, Warden of the East March og Lord af Redesdale (d. 1469).\n\nEfter at have v\u00e6ret n\u00e6re allierede i Henrik 6.'s afs\u00e6ttelse i 1461, var Warwick og Edvard i 1469 blevet uvenner. Efter at have giftet sig med Elizabeth Woodville i 1464 knyttede Edvard sig i stigende grad til hendes familie, der konkurrerede med Neville-familien om besiddelser og stillinger. Han blokerede ogs\u00e5 et forslag om, at hans yngre bror og arving, Georg, hertug af Clarence, skulle gifte sig med Warwicks \u00e6ldste datter Isabel Neville.\n\nI april 1469 br\u00f8d et opr\u00f8r ud i Yorkshire under Robin af Redesdale i protest over skatter og 'magtmisbrug'. Dette blev efterfulgt i maj af et andet opr\u00f8r under en figur kendt som Robin af Holderness, der kr\u00e6vede at Henry Percy, fik sine besiddelser og sin titel som jarl af Northumberland tilbage. Dette blev hurtigt sl\u00e5et ned af John Neville, den dav\u00e6rende jarl, der henrettede dets leder, men Robin af Redesdale undslap ham.\n\nDen 26. juli besejrede opr\u00f8rerne en kongelig h\u00e6r under ledelse af jarlen af Pembroke i Slaget ved Edgecote Moor. Selvom de vandt sejr, blev det berettet at Robin selv var faldet i slaget, deraf hans identificering med William Conyers, der blev dr\u00e6bt i Edgecote. Imidlertid blev hans d\u00e6kke midlertidigt antaget af en anden, tilsyneladende Sir John Conyers (d. 1490), da Warwick gjorde endnu et opr\u00f8r i begyndelsen af 1470. Denne anden \"Robin af Redesdale\" overgav sig til Edvard 4. i marts 1470.\n\nReferencer\n\nLitteratur \n\n \n \n \nPersoner i Rosekrigene\nUkendte personer", "meta": {"title": "Robin af Redesdale", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin%20af%20Redesdale", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Events from the year 1981 in Taiwan, Republic of China. This year is numbered Minguo 70 according to the official Republic of China calendar.\n\nIncumbents\n President \u2013 Chiang Ching-kuo\n Vice President \u2013 Hsieh Tung-min\n Premier \u2013 Sun Yun-suan\n Vice Premier \u2013 Hsu Ching-chung, Chiu Chuang-huan\n\nEvents\n\nJanuary\n 11 January \u2013 The opening of Alishan Station in Alishan Township, Chiayi County.\n\nMarch\n 2 March \u2013 The establishment of Construction and Planning Agency in Taipei.\n 29 March \u2013 12th National Congress of Kuomintang in Taipei.\n\nApril\n 1 April \u2013 The opening of Far Eastern Memorial Hospital in Banqiao City, Taipei County.\n\nJuly\n 1 July\n The establishment of Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research in Taipei.\n The official establishment of Taitung Airport in Taitung County.\n\nAugust\n 22 August \u2013 The crash of Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 103 over Taipei.\n\nOctober\n 31 October \u2013 The establishment of Chung Cheng Aviation Museum in Taoyuan County (now Taoyuan City).\n\nDecember\n 25 December \u2013 The upgrade of Douliu, Magong, Miaoli, Nantou and Xinying from urban townships to a county-administered cities.\n\nBirths\n 9 January \u2013 Sun Shu-may, pop singer, actress and TV host\n 22 January \u2013 Alan Ko, singer and actor\n 2 February \u2013 Peggy Hsu, singer-songwriter, music composer and music producer\n 4 February \u2013 Tsai Shu-min, swimmer\n 17 February \u2013 Hope Lin, actress\n 22 March\n Frankie Huang, actor and television host\n Kaiser Chuang, actor\n 25 March \u2013 Yang Sen, professional baseball player\n 1 April \u2013 Annie Liu, actress\n 13 May \u2013 Jag Huang, actor\n 24 May \u2013 Linda Liao, singer, actress, VJ and gamer\n 30 May \u2013 Deserts Chang, singer and songwriter\n 18 June \u2013 Ella Chen, singer and actress\n 8 August \u2013 Candie Kung, golfer\n 16 August \u2013 Wan Wan, actress\n 24 August \u2013 Jiro Wang, model, actor and singer\n 2 October \u2013 Timi Zhuo, singer and actress\n 14 October \u2013 Roy Chiu, actor, singer and race driver\n 26 October \u2013 Chou Ssu-chi, baseball player\n 31 October \u2013 Selina Jen, singer and actress\n 1 November \u2013 Lin Tzu-hui, weightlifter athlete\n 11 November \u2013 Sharon Hsu, actor and singer\n 16 November \u2013 Yvonne Yao, actress\n 20 November \u2013 Athena Lee Yen, actress\n\nDeaths\n 5 February \u2013 Feng Yong, educator, military leader and politician \n 20 November \u2013 George Yeh, Minister of Foreign Affairs (1949\u20131958)\n\nReferences\n\n \nYears of the 20th century in Taiwan", "meta": {"title": "1981 in Taiwan", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981%20in%20Taiwan", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Amazone (Q161) \u2013 francuski dwukad\u0142ubowy okr\u0119t podwodny z okresu mi\u0119dzywojennego i II wojny \u015bwiatowej, jedna z dziewi\u0119ciu jednostek typu Diane. Okr\u0119t zosta\u0142 zwodowany 28 grudnia 1931 roku w stoczni Ateliers et Chantiers de la Seine-Maritime w Le Trait, a w sk\u0142ad Marine nationale wszed\u0142 12 pa\u017adziernika 1933 roku. Pe\u0142ni\u0142 s\u0142u\u017cb\u0119 na Atlantyku i Morzu P\u00f3\u0142nocnym, bior\u0105c udzia\u0142 w kampanii norweskiej, a od zawarcia zawieszenia broni mi\u0119dzy Francj\u0105 a Niemcami znajdowa\u0142 si\u0119 pod kontrol\u0105 rz\u0105du Vichy. \u201eAmazone\u201d wzi\u0119\u0142a udzia\u0142 w pr\u00f3bie odparcia desantu Aliant\u00f3w w Afryce P\u00f3\u0142nocnej, a miesi\u0105c p\u00f3\u017aniej, w grudniu 1942 roku, wesz\u0142a w sk\u0142ad marynarki Wolnych Francuz\u00f3w. 26 kwietnia 1946 roku okr\u0119t zosta\u0142 sprzedany na z\u0142om.\n\nProjekt i budowa \n\u201eAmazone\u201d zam\u00f3wiona zosta\u0142a w ramach programu rozbudowy floty francuskiej z 1927 roku. Okr\u0119t, zaprojektowany przez Marie-Augustina Normanda i Fernanda Fenaux, nale\u017ca\u0142 do ulepszonej w stosunku do 600-tonowych typ\u00f3w Sir\u00e8ne, Ariane i Circ\u00e9 serii jednostek o wyporno\u015bci 630 ton. Usuni\u0119to wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 wad poprzednik\u00f3w: okr\u0119ty charakteryzowa\u0142y si\u0119 wysok\u0105 manewrowo\u015bci\u0105 i kr\u00f3tkim czasem zanurzenia; poprawiono te\u017c warunki bytowe za\u0142\u00f3g.\n\n\u201eAmazone\u201d zbudowana zosta\u0142a w stoczni Ateliers et Chantiers de la Seine-Maritime w Le Trait (numer stoczniowy 56). St\u0119pk\u0119 okr\u0119tu po\u0142o\u017cono 14 stycznia 1929 roku, a zwodowany zosta\u0142 28 grudnia 1931 roku.\n\nDane taktyczno-techniczne \n\u201eAmazone\u201d by\u0142a \u015bredniej wielko\u015bci dwukad\u0142ubowym okr\u0119tem podwodnym. D\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 mi\u0119dzy pionami wynosi\u0142a 64,4 metra, szeroko\u015b\u0107 6,2 metra i zanurzenie 4,3 metra. Wyporno\u015b\u0107 normalna w po\u0142o\u017ceniu nawodnym wynosi\u0142a 571 ton, a w zanurzeniu 809 ton. Okr\u0119t nap\u0119dzany by\u0142 na powierzchni przez dwa czterosuwowe silniki wysokopr\u0119\u017cne Normand\u2013Vickers o \u0142\u0105cznej mocy 1400\u00a0KM. Nap\u0119d podwodny zapewnia\u0142y dwa silniki elektryczne o \u0142\u0105cznej mocy 1000\u00a0KM. Dwu\u015brubowy uk\u0142ad nap\u0119dowy pozwala\u0142 osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107 14 w\u0119z\u0142\u00f3w na powierzchni i 9 w\u0119z\u0142\u00f3w w zanurzeniu. Zasi\u0119g wynosi\u0142 2300\u00a0Mm przy pr\u0119dko\u015bci 13,5 w\u0119z\u0142a w po\u0142o\u017ceniu nawodnym (lub 4000\u00a0Mm przy pr\u0119dko\u015bci 10 w\u0119z\u0142\u00f3w) oraz 82\u00a0Mm przy pr\u0119dko\u015bci 5 w\u0119z\u0142\u00f3w w zanurzeniu. Zbiorniki paliwa mie\u015bci\u0142y 65 ton oleju nap\u0119dowego. Dopuszczalna g\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107 zanurzenia wynosi\u0142a 80 metr\u00f3w.\n\nOkr\u0119t wyposa\u017cony by\u0142 w osiem wyrzutni torped: trzy sta\u0142e kalibru 550\u00a0mm na dziobie, jedn\u0105 zewn\u0119trzn\u0105 kalibru 550\u00a0mm na rufie, podw\u00f3jny zewn\u0119trzny obracalny aparat torpedowy kalibru 550\u00a0mm oraz podw\u00f3jny zewn\u0119trzny obracalny aparat torpedowy kalibru 400\u00a0mm. \u0141\u0105cznie okr\u0119t przenosi\u0142 dziewi\u0119\u0107 torped, w tym siedem kalibru 550\u00a0mm i dwie kalibru 400\u00a0mm. Uzbrojenie artyleryjskie stanowi\u0142o umieszczone przed kioskiem dzia\u0142o pok\u0142adowe kalibru 75\u00a0mm L/35 M1928 oraz pojedynczy wielkokalibrowy karabin maszynowy Hotchkiss kalibru 13,2\u00a0mm L/76. Jednostka wyposa\u017cona te\u017c by\u0142a w hydrofony.\n\nZa\u0142oga okr\u0119tu sk\u0142ada\u0142a si\u0119 z 3 oficer\u00f3w oraz 38 podoficer\u00f3w i marynarzy.\n\nS\u0142u\u017cba \n\u201eAmazone\u201d wesz\u0142a do s\u0142u\u017cby w Marine nationale 12 pa\u017adziernika 1933 roku. Jednostka otrzyma\u0142a numer burtowy Q161. W momencie wybuchu II wojny \u015bwiatowej okr\u0119t pe\u0142ni\u0142 s\u0142u\u017cb\u0119 na Atlantyku, wchodz\u0105c w sk\u0142ad 16. dywizjonu okr\u0119t\u00f3w podwodnych w Cherbourgu (wraz z siostrzanymi \u201eAntiope\u201d, \u201eLa Sibylle\u201d i \u201eOrph\u00e9e\u201d). Dow\u00f3dc\u0105 jednostki by\u0142 w tym okresie kpt. mar. (fr. lieutenant de vaisseau) R.H.G. Richard.\n\n17 marca 1940 roku \u201eAmazone\u201d, \u201eAntiope\u201d i \u201eLa Sibylle\u201d wraz z okr\u0119tem-baz\u0105 okr\u0119t\u00f3w podwodnych \u201eJules Verne\u201d wysz\u0142y z Brestu i via Cherbourg uda\u0142y si\u0119 do Harwich, pocz\u0105tkowo eskortowane przez francuski niszczyciel \u201eFoudroyant\u201d i okr\u0119t hydrograficzny \u201eAmiral Mouchez\u201d, a od kotwicowiska Downs przez brytyjski niszczyciel HMS \u201eCodrington\u201d (D65) i polskie OORP \u201eBurza\u201d, \u201eB\u0142yskawica\u201d i \u201eGrom\u201d, przybywaj\u0105c do portu docelowego 22 marca. Z francuskich jednostek w ramach Home Fleet sformowano 10. Flotyll\u0119 okr\u0119t\u00f3w podwodnych, a obszarem jej dzia\u0142ania by\u0142o Morze P\u00f3\u0142nocne.\n\n4 kwietnia \u201eAmazone\u201d wysz\u0142a z Harwich na sw\u00f3j pierwszy patrol w rejon Wysp Fryzyjskich, powracaj\u0105c do bazy 12 kwietnia. 16 kwietnia okr\u0119t wyszed\u0142 na drugi wojenny patrol, powracaj\u0105c do bazy 28 kwietnia. Trzecia misja bojowa okr\u0119tu na Morzu P\u00f3\u0142nocnym rozpocz\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 6 maja; po ataku Niemiec na Francj\u0119, Belgi\u0119 i Holandi\u0119, w nocy z 10 na 11 maja rejon patrolowania \u201eAmazone\u201d zosta\u0142 zmieniony na wody na zach\u00f3d od Texel. 11 maja o godzinie 23:59 za\u0142oga \u201eAmazone\u201d wystrzeli\u0142a na pozycji  dwie torpedy w kierunku okr\u0119tu podwodnego rozpoznanego jako niemiecki, kt\u00f3rym okaza\u0142 si\u0119 sojuszniczy HMS \u201eShark\u201d (54S). Na szcz\u0119\u015bcie \u017cadna z torped nie by\u0142a celna. Okr\u0119t powr\u00f3ci\u0142 do Rosyth 20 maja. 24 maja okr\u0119t trafi\u0142 do stoczni na kr\u00f3tki remont, a 28 maja zawin\u0105\u0142 do Dundee. 4 czerwca 1940 roku \u201eAmazone\u201d i pozosta\u0142e francuskie okr\u0119ty podwodne uczestnicz\u0105ce w kampanii norweskiej wraz z okr\u0119tem-baz\u0105 opu\u015bci\u0142y Dundee i powr\u00f3ci\u0142y do Brestu, eskortowane przez brytyjskie niszczyciele HMS \u201eBedouin\u201d i HMS \u201eAshanti\u201d.\n\nW czerwcu 1940 roku \u201eAmazone\u201d znajdowa\u0142a si\u0119 w sk\u0142adzie 16. dywizjonu okr\u0119t\u00f3w podwodnych w Bre\u015bcie, a jej dow\u00f3dc\u0105 by\u0142 nadal kpt. mar. Richard (okr\u0119t przechodzi\u0142 remont). 18 czerwca, wobec zbli\u017cania si\u0119 wojsk niemieckich do portu w Bre\u015bcie, \u201eAmazone\u201d ewakuowa\u0142a si\u0119 do Casablanki (razem z okr\u0119tami podwodnymi \u201eCasabianca\u201d, \u201eSfax\u201d, \u201ePers\u00e9e\u201d, \u201ePoncelet\u201d, \u201eAjax\u201d, \u201eCirc\u00e9\u201d, \u201eTh\u00e9tis\u201d, \u201eCalypso\u201d, \u201eAmphitrite\u201d, \u201eAntiope\u201d, \u201eLa Sibylle\u201d, \u201eOrph\u00e9e\u201d i \u201eM\u00e9duse\u201d). 11 wrze\u015bnia \u201eAmazone\u201d i \u201eLa Sibylle\u201d znajdowa\u0142y si\u0119 na patrolu nieopodal Casablanki, jednak nie nawi\u0105za\u0142y kontaktu z brytyjskimi okr\u0119tami przygotowuj\u0105cymi si\u0119 do operacji Menace. W listopadzie 1940 roku jednostka stacjonowa\u0142a w Casablance (wraz z okr\u0119tami podwodnymi \u201eSidi Ferruch\u201d, \u201eM\u00e9duse\u201d, \u201eAntiope\u201d, \u201eAmphitrite\u201d, \u201eOrph\u00e9e\u201d, \u201eLa Sibylle\u201d i \u201eSfax\u201d).\n\nW listopadzie 1942 roku, kiedy dosz\u0142o do l\u0105dowania aliant\u00f3w w Afryce P\u00f3\u0142nocnej, \u201eAmazone\u201d bazowa\u0142a w Casablance (wraz z okr\u0119tami podwodnymi \u201eSidi Ferruch\u201d, \u201eLe Conqu\u00e9rant\u201d, \u201eLe Tonnant\u201d, \u201eAntiope\u201d, \u201eOrph\u00e9e\u201d, \u201eM\u00e9duse\u201d, \u201eAmphitrite\u201d, \u201eLa Psych\u00e9\u201d, \u201eLa Sibylle\u201d i \u201eOr\u00e9ade\u201d). Rankiem 8 listopada okr\u0119t otrzyma\u0142 rozkaz zaatakowania jednostek inwazyjnych i w zanurzeniu opu\u015bci\u0142 port mi\u0119dzy 7:10 a 8:30. Dowodzona przez kmdra ppor.  (fr. capitaine de corvette) Verdaveine \u201eAmazone\u201d tu\u017c po godzinie 10:00 wystrzeli\u0142a w kierunku ameryka\u0144skiego kr\u0105\u017cownika lekkiego USS \u201eBrooklyn\u201d (CL-40) sk\u0142adaj\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 z czterech lub pi\u0119ciu torped salw\u0119, lecz wszystkie pociski zosta\u0142y wymanewrowane. Po wykonaniu ataku okr\u0119towi uda\u0142o si\u0119 unikn\u0105\u0107 zatopienia i przedrze\u0107 do Dakaru. W grudniu 1942 roku jednostka wesz\u0142a w sk\u0142ad marynarki Wolnych Francuz\u00f3w.\n\nW lutym 1943 roku \u201eAmazone\u201d wyp\u0142yn\u0119\u0142a z Dakaru w rejs na Bermudy, a stamt\u0105d do USA, gdzie od marca do pa\u017adziernika w stoczni Philadelphia Naval Shipyard w Filadelfii okr\u0119t przeszed\u0142 remont i modernizacj\u0119 (obejmuj\u0105c\u0105 m.in. wymian\u0119 wkm kal. 13,2\u00a0mm na pojedyncze dzia\u0142ko przeciwlotnicze Oerlikon kal. 20\u00a0mm Mk II/IV. Po zako\u0144czonym remoncie, od listopada 1943 roku do lutego 1944 roku jednostka uczestniczy\u0142a w \u0107wiczeniach na wodach wok\u00f3\u0142 Bermud\u00f3w. W lutym 1944 roku \u201eAmazone\u201d ponownie trafi\u0142a do Philadelphia Naval Shipyard na remont, zako\u0144czony na pocz\u0105tku pa\u017adziernika. 15 pa\u017adziernika okr\u0119t wszed\u0142 na mielizn\u0119 nieopodal Nowego Jorku, sk\u0105d nast\u0119pnego dnia zosta\u0142 \u015bci\u0105gni\u0119ty i przeholowany do New London. 21 pa\u017adziernika jednostka po raz trzeci dotar\u0142a do stoczni w Filadelfii, na holu USS ATR-8, a remont trwa\u0142 do 7 grudnia 1944 roku. 12 grudnia okr\u0119t przyby\u0142 do Key West, sk\u0105d 12 lipca 1945 roku wyp\u0142yn\u0105\u0142 w rejs do Casablanki, osi\u0105gaj\u0105c port przeznaczenia via Bermudy i Azory 19 sierpnia.\n\n\u201eAmazone\u201d zosta\u0142a sprzedana w celu z\u0142omowania 26 kwietnia 1946 roku.\n\nUwagi\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\nOkr\u0119ty podwodne typu Diane (1926)\nOkr\u0119ty zbudowane w Ateliers et Chantiers de la Seine-Maritime", "meta": {"title": "Amazone (1931)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazone%20%281931%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Helena Josefsson (Kalmar; 23 de marzo de 1978) es una cantante y compositora sueca y una de las vocalistas de la banda Sandy Mouche. En 2007 public\u00f3 su primer \u00e1lbum en solitario, Dynamo.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nHelena Marianne Josefsson naci\u00f3 en Kalmar, Suecia, el 23 de marzo de 1978. Sus padres se divorciaron cuando ella ten\u00eda 7 a\u00f1os y, a los diez, se mud\u00f3 con su madre y su nueva pareja al pueblo de Bj\u00f6rnstorp (a las afueras de Lund, Scania, en el sur de Suecia). Helena tiene cuatro hermanas. Es zurda y toca el teclado, la pandereta y la arm\u00f3nica. Helena est\u00e1 casada con el cantante sueco Martin Nilsson (tambi\u00e9n conocido como Martinique Josefsson), su novio de toda la vida, desde 2003. Viven en Malm\u00f6 y fueron padres en noviembre de 2008.\n\nAlgunos de los pensamientos de Helena Josefsson sobre su vida y la m\u00fasica:\n\n- \"\u00bfQu\u00e9 quieres ser cuando crezcas? \u00a1O un trol o una artista!, es lo que sol\u00eda contestar a esa pregunta cuando ten\u00eda 7 a\u00f1os. Cuando pienso en ello, los troles y los artistas tienen much\u00edsimo en com\u00fan. Lo que quer\u00eda y todav\u00eda intento alcanzar es esa sensaci\u00f3n de libertad, ser parte de la naturaleza, hacerme sitio en la ciudad, encontrar un lugar para brotar como una planta. Est\u00e1 bien ser como una es y seguir siendo capaz de recibir amor. Ser artista y compositora es probablemente una de las pocas maneras de vivir en las que una puede ser al mismo tiempo un trol.\"\n\n- \"Cuando naces, est\u00e1s completa pero entonces vas poniendo vallas y m\u00e1s vallas para protegerte de los peligros que te rodean. La sociedad te obliga a asumir diferentes necesidades y patrones que realmente no necesitas o no quieres. Pero tambi\u00e9n puedes dedicar el resto de tu vida a encontrar y cambiar de lugar las malas vallas, y a guardar las buenas, una por una. Al menos eso es lo que quiero hacer\"\n\nCarrera en solitario \nEl 28 de febrero de 2007, la compa\u00f1\u00eda EMI public\u00f3 el primer \u00e1lbum solista de Helena, Dynamo, producido por Christoffer Lundquist. La promoci\u00f3n del disco ha incluido conciertos en las principales ciudades suecas y en Berl\u00edn (septiembre de 2007), as\u00ed como el lanzamiento de tres sencillos: \"By Your Side\" (como adelanto, en octubre de 2006), \"Never Never (My Dynamo) y \"Where Does the Unused Love Go?.\" Durante 2008 Helena Josefson, grab\u00f3 de nuevo junto al productor Christoffer Lundquist su segundo \u00e1lbum, a\u00fan no publicado.\n\nLista de canciones incluidas en \"Dynamo\"\n\nBandas \nHelena empez\u00f3 su carrera musical en 1996 en varios grupos de Lund y Malm\u00f6 (Jive with Clive, Plastic Soul, ewing.1, The Good Mornings) antes de formar la banda Sandy Mouche en oto\u00f1o de 2001 junto a Martin Nilsson y los hermanos Per (compa\u00f1ero en Plastic Soul) y Ola Blomgren. Hasta ahora Sandy Mouche ha publicado un E.P. (Sandy Mouche, primavera de 2003) y dos \u00e1lbumes (White Lucky Dragon, septiembre de 2004; y ... and poems for the unborn, enero de 2006). Trabajan en un tercer \u00e1lbum desde oto\u00f1o de 2007.\n\nCoros \nHelena Josefsson ha participado haciendo coros para muchos artistas suecos y extranjeros: The Ark, Righteous Boy, Swan Lee, Justin Winokur, Doug Wyatt, Junior Senior, Andreas Johnson, Sebastian Karlsson, Gyllene Tider, Hideki Kaji, The Margarets, Arash, Metro Jets, Brainpool, ...\n\nEn los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, Helena Josefsson ha tenido un papel importante en la carrera en solitario del compositor y artista sueco Per Gessle, conocido internacionalmente por su trabajo con Roxette. La banda que acompa\u00f1a a Gessle tanto en el estudio como en conciertos desde 2003 incluye, entre otros, a Clarence \u00d6fwerman - teclados -, Christoffer Lundquist - guitarra-, Jens Jansson - bater\u00eda - y Helena Josefsson - voz y coros -. Juntos han grabado dos \u00e1lbumes en sueco (Mazarin, 2003; y En H\u00e4ndig Man, 2007) y dos en ingl\u00e9s (Son of a Plumber, 2005; y Party Crasher, 2008). Los dos \u00e1lbumes en sueco han incluido grandes giras en Suecia. El papel de Helena en muchas de las canciones no se limita a simples coros, sino que comparte protagonismo como vocalista. Desde principios de 2011, Helena Josefsson, acompa\u00f1a a Roxette en la gira mundial \"Charm School World Tour 2011\"\n\nDiscograf\u00eda en solitario de Helena Josefsson \n Dynamo (February 2007) - \u00c1lbum.\n \"By Your Side\" (2006) - Single. Se grab\u00f3 un v\u00eddeo para su promoci\u00f3n.\n \"Never Never (My Dynamo)\" (2007) - Single.\n \"Where Does the Unused Love Go?\" (2007) - Radio Single.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n Sitio oficial\n Myspace de Helena Josefsson \n Sitio oficial de Sandy Mouche\n Foro oficial de Helena Josefsson \n Noticias sobre Helena Josefsson recopiladas por fanes\n\nCantantes femeninas de Suecia\nCompositores de Suecia", "meta": {"title": "Helena Josefsson", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena%20Josefsson", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marion may refer to some places in the U.S. state of Wisconsin:\n\nMarion, Wisconsin, a city located partially in Shawano and Waupaca Counties\nMarion, Grant County, Wisconsin, a town\nMarion, Juneau County, Wisconsin, a town\nMarion, Waushara County, Wisconsin, a town", "meta": {"title": "Marion, Wisconsin (disambiguation)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marion%2C%20Wisconsin%20%28disambiguation%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Andr\u00e9 Valmy (8 October 1919 \u2013 18 November 2015) was a French film actor. He was born Andr\u00e9 Antoine Marius Dugenet in the 14th arrondissement of Paris. He appeared in more than 60 films between 1940 and 2001. He is also known in France to be the dubbed voice of Walter Matthau, Robert Shaw and George Kennedy.\n\nSelected filmography\n\n Apr\u00e8s Mein Kampf mes crimes (1940) - Ernst\n Mademoiselle B\u00e9atrice (1943) - (uncredited)\n I Am with You (1943) - Le g\u00e9rant de l'h\u00f4tel\n L'aventure est au coin de la rue (1944) - Etienne\n Le jugement dernier (1945)\n Les d\u00e9mons de l'aube (1946) - Serge Duhamel\n Nuit sans fin (1947) - Olivier\n Le beau voyage (1947)\n Le cavalier de Croix-Mort (1948) - Coco-Latour\n Carrefour du crime (1948) - Jacques Marchand\n Une si jolie petite plage (1949) - Georges\n Manon (1949) - Lieutenant Besnard / Bandit Chief\n Marlene (1949) - Laurin\n Mission in Tangier (1949) - Beaudoit\n Les eaux troubles (1949) - Rudan\n Millionaires for One Day (1949) - Marcel\n L'auberge du p\u00e9ch\u00e9 (1949) - Pierre Goulet\n A Man Walks in the City (1950) - Le commissaire\n Fusill\u00e9 \u00e0 l'aube (1950) - Inspecteur Braun\n Under the Sky of Paris (1951) - Le docteur Lucien Evrard\n Rue des Saussaies (1951) - Le commissaire Didier\n Le vrai coupable (1951) - Inspecteur Dumont\n The Cape of Hope (1951) - Sem\n The Smugglers' Banquet (1952) - Le douanier Louis\n We Are All Murderers (1952) - P'tit Louis\n Monsieur Taxi (1952) - L'inspecteur principal\n La Putain respectueuse (1952) - Georges - le patron du club\n Il est minuit, docteur Schweitzer (1952) - L'administrateur Leblanc\n Les Compagnes de la nuit (1953) - Inspecteur Mar\u00e9chal\n Tempest in the Flesh (1954) - Le psychiatre de l'h\u00f4pital Ste Anne\n Before the Deluge (1954) - L'autre inspecteur de police\n Quay of Blondes (1954) - Marco\n The Secret of Helene Marimon (1954) - Thierry\n One Bullet Is Enough (1954) - Stauner\n Black Dossier (1955) - Inspecteur Carlier\n Madelon (1955) - Le capitaine Van Meulen\n If All the Guys in the World (1956) - Le capitaine Pierre Le Guellec\n I'll Get Back to Kandara (1956) - Rudeau\n OSS 117 Is Not Dead (1957) - Joseph Sliven\n Maigret Sets a Trap (1958) - L' inspecteur Lucas\n Incognito (1958) - L'inspecteur Laroche\n The Mask of the Gorilla (1958) - Mauricet\n \u00c7a n'arrive qu'aux vivants (1959)\n Minute papillon (1959) - L'inspecteur Gr\u00e9goire\n Le Saint m\u00e8ne la danse (1960) - Le policier\n La parole est au t\u00e9moin (1963) - (voice)\n Coplan Takes Risks (1964) - Pelletier\n Nick Carter va tout casser (1964) - Inspecteur Daumale\n The Sleeping Car Murders (1965) - Un inspecteur\n Tintin and the Temple of the Sun (1969) - Bergamotte (voice)\n The Glorious Musketeers (1974) - Rochefort (voice)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n Obituary - Le Figaro \n\n1919 births\n2015 deaths\nFrench male film actors\nMale actors from Paris", "meta": {"title": "Andr\u00e9 Valmy", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9%20Valmy", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Testimony er en britisk stumfilm fra 1920 af Guy Newall.\n\nMedvirkende \n Ivy Duke som Althea May\n David Hawthorne som Gilian Lyons\n Lawford Davidson som Cecil Coram\n Mary Rorke som Rachel Lyons\n Douglas Munro som Reuben Curtis\n Marie Wright som Lizzie Emmett\n Barbara Everest som Lucinda\n Ruth Mackay som Lady Yetty\n\nReferencer\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n\n \n\nStumfilm fra Storbritannien\nBritiske film fra 1920\nDramafilm fra Storbritannien", "meta": {"title": "Testimony (film fra 1920)", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testimony%20%28film%20fra%201920%29", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sun\u010dane Skale 2011 was the seventeenth edition of Sun\u010dane Skale, an annual pop festival held in Montenegro.\n\nResults\n\nNove zvijezde\n\nPjesma ljeta\n\nScoreboard\n\nReferences\n\nSun\u010dane Skale\n2011 in Montenegro", "meta": {"title": "Sun\u010dane Skale 2011", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dane%20Skale%202011", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fernanda Brito (Santiago, 14 de febrero de 1992) es una tenista chilena.\n\nTrayectoria \nDesde 2011 forma parte del equipo de Fed Cup de su pa\u00eds. Ha disputado un total de nueve encuentros en los cuales ha ganado un partido ante Colombia, y ha perdido ocho, cinco de ellos en dobles.\n\nEntre junio y septiembre del 2018, Fernanda ha logrado ganar 8 t\u00edtulos ITF de forma consecutiva, a finales de 2018, redonde\u00f3 una extraordinaria temporada con un 9.\u00ba t\u00edtulo ITF, convirti\u00e9ndose en la mujer m\u00e1s laureada del mundo a nivel de ITF.\n\nT\u00edtulos ITF\n\nIndividuales (29)\n\nDobles (34)\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n Perfil de la WTA\n Perfil de la Fed Cup\n\nTenistas femeninas de Chile\nDeportistas de Santiago de Chile\nMujeres del siglo XXI", "meta": {"title": "Fernanda Brito", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernanda%20Brito", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d (\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c, 1971) (1971 \u0433\u043e\u0434, \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u2014 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f).\n \u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d (\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c, 1982) (1982 \u0433\u043e\u0434, \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420).", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%20%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Berosus affinis is een keversoort die behoort tot de familie van de spinnende waterkevers (Hydrophilidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1835 door Gaspard Auguste Brull\u00e9.\n\nDeze kevers zijn 3,5 tot 5 mm lang. Ze komen voor in het westelijk deel van het Palearctisch gebied, en vooral rond de Middellandse Zee. Ze zijn ook waargenomen Belgi\u00eb en Nederland.\n\nSpinnende waterkevers", "meta": {"title": "Berosus affinis", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berosus%20affinis", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Abdullah Otayf  (Riade, 3 de agosto de 1992), \u00e9 um futebolista saudita que atua como meio-campo. Atualmente joga pelo\n\nCarreira \nFoi convocado para defender a Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Saudita de Futebol na Copa do Mundo de 2018.\n\nT\u00edtulos \n Al-Hilal\n Campeonato Saudita: 2016\u201317, 2017\u201318, 2019\u201320, 2020\u201321, 2021\u201322\n Copa do Rei: 2015, 2017, 2019\u201320\n Copa da Coroa do Pr\u00edncipe: 2015\u201316\n Supercopa Saudita: 2015, 2018, 2021\n Liga dos Campe\u00f5es da AFC: 2019, 2021\n\nNaturais de Riade\nFutebolistas da Ar\u00e1bia Saudita\nFutebolistas do Louletano Desportos Clube\nFutebolistas do Al-Hilal Saudi Football Club\nJogadores da Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Saudita de Futebol\nJogadores da Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2018\nFutebolistas da Copa da \u00c1sia de 2019\nJogadores da Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2022", "meta": {"title": "Abdullah Otayf", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah%20Otayf", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Glocke in der Kirche Ste-Catherine in La Flotte, einer franz\u00f6sischen Gemeinde im D\u00e9partement Charente-Maritime der Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine, wurde 1642 gegossen. Die 1,23\u00a0Meter hohe Kirchenglocke aus Bronze ist seit 1942 als Monument historique klassifiziert. \n\nDie Glocke, die wegen einer Besch\u00e4digung seit 1955 im Kirchenschiff steht, ist mit einem Kreuz und einer Inschrift geschm\u00fcckt.\n\nLiteratur \n Le Patrimoine des Communes de la Charente-Maritime. Flohic Editions, Band\u00a02, Paris 2002, ISBN 2-84234-129-5, S.\u00a0908.\n\nWeblinks \n Beschreibung bei der Base Palissy des franz\u00f6sischen Kultusministeriums\n\nMonument historique in La Flotte\nLa Flotte\nMonument historique seit 1942\nLa Flotte\nLa Flotte", "meta": {"title": "Glocke (La Flotte)", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glocke%20%28La%20Flotte%29", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Salbari High School was established in 1950 and is located in Dhupguri Block of Dhupguri, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal.\n\nAbout School\nThe school recently upgraded to Model School. Salbari High School is also called Nirmal Vidyalaya.\n\nSee also\nEducation in India\nList of schools in India\nEducation in West Bengal\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nHigh schools and secondary schools in West Bengal\nSchools in Jalpaiguri district\nEducational institutions established in 1950\n1950 establishments in West Bengal", "meta": {"title": "Salbari High School (XII)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salbari%20High%20School%20%28XII%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "This is a list of individuals who have performed as members of the Houston Ballet.\n\n2014-2015 season\nThe dancers as of March 2015 are:\n\nPrincipals \n\n-->\nFranca Florio\n-->\n\u2022 Robert Blakis - as the bay harbour butcher\n\n Simon Ball\n Ian Casady\n Ermanno Florio\n Karina Gonzalez\n Yuriko Kajiya\n Melody Mennite\n Connor Walsh\n Sara Webb\n\nFirst soloists \n\n Jessica Collado\n Linnar Looris\n Jared Matthews\n Katharine Precourt\n\nSoloists \n\n Soo Youn Cho\n Christopher Coomer\n James Gotesky\n Oliver Halkowich\n Nozomi Iijima\n Nao Kusuzaki\n Allison Miller\n Aaron Robison\n Lauren Strongin\n Charles-Louis Yoshiyama\n\nDemi soloists \n\n Emily Bowen\n Elise Elliott (n\u00e9e Judson)\n Christopher Gray\n Jim Nowakowski\n\nCorps de ballet \n\n Asia Bui\n Ana Calderon\n Chun Wai Chan\n Shahar Dori\n Rupert Edwards\n Rhodes Elliott\n Rhys Kosakowski\n Bridget Kuhns\n Dylan Lackey\n Zecheng Liang\n Jacquelyn Long\n Katelyn May\n William Newton\n Aaron Sharratt\n Madeline Skelly\n Alyssa Springer\n Hayden Stark\n Megumi Takeda\n Natalie Varnum\n Brian Waldrep\n Harper Watters\n Joel Woellner\n Chae Eun Yang\n\nApprentices \n\n Kaleigh Courts\n Tyler Donatelli\n Aoi Fujiwara\n Satoko Konishi\n Mallory Mehaffey\n Deanna Pearson\n Michael Ryan\n\n2012-2013 season\n\nPrincipals \n\n Simon Ball\n Ian Casady\n Karina Gonzalez\n Mireille Hassenboehler\n Melody Mennite\n Connor Walsh\n Joseph Walsh\n Sara Webb\n\nFirst soloists \n\n Melissa Hough\n Linnar Looris\n Kelly Myernick\n\nSoloists \n\n Jessica Collado\n Christopher Coomer\n James Gotesky\n Oliver Halkowich\n Ilya Kozadayev\n Nao Kusuzaki\n Katharine Precourt\n Aaron Robison\n Lauren Strongin\n\nDemi soloists \n\n Soo Youn Cho\n Nozomi Iijima\n Allison Miller\n Charles-Louis Yoshiyama\n Jim Nowakowski\n\nCorps de ballet \n\n Aria Alekzander\n Emily Bowen\n Chun Wai Chan\n Shahar Dori\n Rupert Edwards\n Rhodes Elliott\n Sadie Elliot\n Christopher Gray\n Elise Judson\n Jacquelyn Long\n Katelyn May\n Madison Morris\n William Newton\n Derek Dunn\n Aaron Sharratt\n Megumi Takeda\n Natalie Varnum\n Brian Waldrep\n Harper Watters\n Liao Xiang\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nHouston Ballet\nHouston\nBallet-related lists", "meta": {"title": "List of Houston Ballet performers", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Houston%20Ballet%20performers", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d () \u2014 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0433\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f (2009) \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u044c \u2014 2858 \u0433\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u2014 122,8 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a.\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432 1929 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439. 8 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1992 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439.\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \n\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0441 \u042e\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u2014 \u0441 \u042f\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0433\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u2014 \u0441 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0433\u0435 \u2014 \u0441 \u0411\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u2014 \u0441 \u042f\u0448\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c.\n \n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441 \u042e\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0431\u0443\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0440.\n \n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441 \u042f\u043a\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0428\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430 \u0420\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446 \u2014 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f, \u041a\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0434, \u0418\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u041a\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0411\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0447, \u041e\u043a \u0419\u0443\u043b.\n\n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c 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"ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Das Departamento La Vi\u00f1a ist eine der dreiundzwanzig Verwaltungseinheiten der Provinz Salta im Nordwesten Argentiniens. Es liegt im s\u00fcdlichen Zentrum der Provinz. Im Norden grenzt es an das Departamento Chicoana, im Osten an das Departamento Guachipas, im S\u00fcden an das Departamento Cafayate und im Westen an das Departamento San Carlos.\n\nDie Hauptstadt des Departamento ist die gleichnamige Stadt La Vi\u00f1a.\n\nSt\u00e4dte und Gemeinden \nDas Departamento La Vi\u00f1a ist in folgende Gemeinden (Municipios) aufgeteilt:\n\n Coronel Moldes\n La Vi\u00f1a\n Ampascachi\n El Carmen\n Osma\n Talapampa\n Veinte de Febrero\n\nWeblinks \nDepartamento La Vi\u00f1a (spanisch)\n\nDepartamento in der Provinz Salta", "meta": {"title": "Departamento La Vi\u00f1a", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departamento%20La%20Vi%C3%B1a", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Horn\u00ed Vil\u00e9movice is een Tsjechische gemeente in de regio Vyso\u010dina, en maakt deel uit van het district T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010d.\nHorn\u00ed Vil\u00e9movice telt 79 inwoners.\n\nGemeente in T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010d", "meta": {"title": "Horn\u00ed Vil\u00e9movice", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn%C3%AD%20Vil%C3%A9movice", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El t\u00e9rmino marihuana puede referirse, en esta enciclopedia:\n\n a Cannabis (psicotr\u00f3pico), sobre su uso como sustancia depresora;\n a Marihuana (t\u00e9rmino), sobre la etimolog\u00eda de esta palabra;\n Anexo:Nombres del cannabis, lista de los diversos nombres de esta sustancia;\n\nCine y televisi\u00f3n \n\n Marihuana (1936), una pel\u00edcula estadounidense;\n Marihuana (1950), una pel\u00edcula argentina.\n\nM\u00fasica \n Marijuana, Variations non s\u00e9rieuses Op. 54, pieza de Ren\u00e9 Leibowitz de 1960.\n\nEnlaces externos", "meta": {"title": "Marihuana (desambiguaci\u00f3n)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marihuana%20%28desambiguaci%C3%B3n%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "(55701) Ucal\u00e9gon, d\u00e9signation internationale (55701) Ukalegon, est un ast\u00e9ro\u00efde troyen jovien.\n\nDescription \n(55701) Ucal\u00e9gon est un ast\u00e9ro\u00efde troyen jovien, camp troyen, c'est-\u00e0-dire situ\u00e9 au point de Lagrange L5 du syst\u00e8me Soleil-Jupiter. Il pr\u00e9sente une orbite caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par un demi-grand axe de 5,161 UA, une excentricit\u00e9 de 0,139 et une inclinaison de 21,0\u00b0 par rapport \u00e0 l'\u00e9cliptique.\n\nIl est nomm\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au personnage de la mythologie grecque Ucal\u00e9gon, acteur du conflit l\u00e9gendaire de la guerre de Troie.\n\nCompl\u00e9ments\n\nArticles connexes \n Liste des plan\u00e8tes mineures (55001-56000)\n Ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes troyens de Jupiter\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nPlan\u00e8te mineure d\u00e9couverte en 1977\nAst\u00e9ro\u00efde au point de Lagrange L5 du syst\u00e8me Soleil-Jupiter\nUcalegon\nObjet c\u00e9leste d\u00e9couvert par Tom Gehrels\nObjet c\u00e9leste d\u00e9couvert par Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld\nObjet c\u00e9leste d\u00e9couvert par Cornelis Johannes van Houten\nPlan\u00e8te mineure d\u00e9couverte lors du troisi\u00e8me relev\u00e9 de troyens Palomar-Leyde", "meta": {"title": "(55701) Ucal\u00e9gon", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2855701%29%20Ucal%C3%A9gon", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gerhard Seiler (* 21. Oktober 1930 in Karlsruhe) ist ein deutscher Politiker (CDU). Er war von 1986 bis 1998 Oberb\u00fcrgermeister von Karlsruhe und ist Ehrenb\u00fcrger der Stadt. Seiler ist Professor f\u00fcr Volkswirtschaftslehre und Finanzwissenschaft.\n\nLeben\n\nBeruflicher Werdegang \nSeiler promovierte 1958 an der Wirtschaftshochschule Mannheim (heute Universit\u00e4t Mannheim) mit Annahmen und Aussagen eines \u00f6konometrischen Konjunkturmodells, seine Habilitationsschrift (Karlsruhe 1972) tr\u00e4gt den Titel: Optimierungsprobleme der kommunalen Investitionsplanung. Nach Lehrt\u00e4tigkeiten an der Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Wirtschaftswissenschaften der Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe wurde ihm 1972 der Titel Professor verliehen, 2005 die Ehrendoktorw\u00fcrde der Universit\u00e4t.\n\nSeiler war seit 1959 in seiner Heimatstadt als Hafendirektor, Stadtk\u00e4mmerer, von 1977 bis 1983 als B\u00fcrgermeister und von 1983 bis 1986 als Erster B\u00fcrgermeister bedienstet. 1986 wurde er zum ersten und 1994 zum zweiten Mal zum Oberb\u00fcrgermeister der Stadt Karlsruhe gew\u00e4hlt. Zum Ausscheiden aus seinem Amt als Oberb\u00fcrgermeister 1998 wurden ihm das Gro\u00dfe Bundesverdienstkreuz und die Ehrenb\u00fcrgerschaft von Karlsruhe verliehen. Als neuer Oberb\u00fcrgermeister wurde sein Parteikollege Heinz Fenrich gew\u00e4hlt. Seit 2005 ist Seiler \u00fcberdies Ehrenb\u00fcrger des Karlsruher Instituts f\u00fcr Technologie (KIT).\n\nVon 1980 bis 1984 war Seiler Abgeordneter des baden-w\u00fcrttembergischen Landtages. 1995 wurde er f\u00fcr zwei Jahre zum Pr\u00e4sidenten des Deutschen St\u00e4dtetags gew\u00e4hlt.\n\nPr\u00e4sident des Karlsruher SC \nDer KSC-Pr\u00e4sident Detlef Dietrich erkl\u00e4rte in einer au\u00dferordentlichen Mitgliederversammlung am 22. Februar 2002 seinen R\u00fccktritt. Der KSC stand vor der Insolvenz. Am 27. Februar erkl\u00e4rte sich Gerhard Seiler bereit, die F\u00fchrung als Notpr\u00e4sident zu \u00fcbernehmen und rettete durch seine politischen und wirtschaftlichen Kontakte den KSC vor dem finanziellen Aus. Am 27. November wurde Hubert Raase mit 293 zu 25 Stimmen als Nachfolger von Pr\u00e4sident Gerhard Seiler, der aus gesundheitlichen Gr\u00fcnden zur\u00fccktrat, gew\u00e4hlt.\n\nFamilie \nEr ist seit 1957 verheiratet und hat vier Kinder. Die Trauung fand 1957 in der Kleinen Kirche in Karlsruhe statt. Im M\u00e4rz 2022 feierten er und seine Frau Gertrud die Eiserne Hochzeit.\n\nLiteratur \n Klaus E. R. Lindemann (Hrsg.): Gerhard Seiler. Info-Verlagsgesellschaft, Karlsruhe 2000, ISBN 3-88190-257-0.\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n Interview mit Prof. Dr. Seiler auf 300 Jahre - 300 K\u00f6pfe\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nLandtagsabgeordneter (Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg)\nB\u00fcrgermeister (Karlsruhe)\n\u00d6konom (20. Jahrhundert)\n\u00d6konom (21. Jahrhundert)\nHochschullehrer (Karlsruher Institut f\u00fcr Technologie)\nEhrenb\u00fcrger des Karlsruher Instituts f\u00fcr Technologie\nEhrenb\u00fcrger von Karlsruhe\nTr\u00e4ger des Gro\u00dfen Bundesverdienstkreuzes\nTr\u00e4ger des Verdienstordens des Landes Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1930\nMann\nCDU-Mitglied\nPr\u00e4sident (Karlsruher SC)\nEhrendoktor des Karlsruher Instituts f\u00fcr Technologie\nPolitiker (20. Jahrhundert)", "meta": {"title": "Gerhard Seiler", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard%20Seiler", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'histoire du terrorisme palestinien d\u00e9bute lorsque les groupes palestiniens locaux attaquent la population juive du Yichouv, en opposition aux aspirations du sionisme. De 1949 \u00e0 1956, les fedayin commettent des attentats dans le cadre du conflit isra\u00e9lo-arabe. Depuis 1965, une nouvelle p\u00e9riode de terrorisme voit le jour, avec des attentats organis\u00e9s par des groupes palestiniens, au nom de la \u00ab lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine \u00bb ainsi que pour cr\u00e9er un \u00c9tat palestinien. L'attaque de l'aqueduc national d'Isra\u00ebl le , marque le d\u00e9but du terrorisme palestinien contemporain. Le terrorisme palestinien ne devient notoire dans les m\u00e9dias occidentaux qu'\u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es soixante, \u00e0 l'occasion d'actes de piraterie et de prise d'otages. \u00c0 partir de 1968, il se traduit par le d\u00e9tournement d'avions civils, des prises d'otages, des attaques contre diff\u00e9rentes infrastructures et des attentats. Durant la Seconde intifada, il prend la forme d'attentats, dont des attentats-suicides, contre des cibles civiles et militaires. Le Hamas et le Jihad islamique, sont les deux organisations islamistes palestiniennes les plus actives dans le terrorisme aujourd'hui.\n\nContexte\n\nD\u00e9veloppement de l'hostilit\u00e9 antijuive sous l'Empire ottoman \nDurant la p\u00e9riode ottomane, des Juifs fuyant les pers\u00e9cutions et les expulsions chr\u00e9tiennes continuent d'immigrer dans la r\u00e9gion de la Palestine, malgr\u00e9 parfois des mauvais traitements par les dirigeants musulmans. La tol\u00e9rance aux Juifs, avec le statut de dhimmi, variait en fonctions des localit\u00e9s, et en fonction des p\u00e9riodes. Des taxes sp\u00e9ciales leur \u00e9taient appliqu\u00e9es, ceux-ci ne pouvaient pas porter d'armes pour l'autod\u00e9fense, les synagogues devaient \u00eatre plus petites que les mosqu\u00e9es et des cas de massacres ainsi que de conversions forc\u00e9es sont attest\u00e9s. Comme exemple notable, lors de la r\u00e9volte paysanne en 1834, un massacre \u00e0 H\u00e9bron et un massacre \u00e0 Safed sont commis. \n\nDurant la seconde moiti\u00e9 du , les Juifs forment une majorit\u00e9 de la population de la ville de J\u00e9rusalem. Face \u00e0 la croissance de la population, ils construisent des agglom\u00e9rations en dehors des murs de la vieille ville, non sans hostilit\u00e9 arabe. D\u00e8s la cr\u00e9ation de Mea Shearim en 1874, les nouveaux habitants juifs sont imm\u00e9diatement attaqu\u00e9s, un juif est tu\u00e9 et d'autres sont bless\u00e9s, semant la panique parmi la population juive.\n\nDe 1880 \u00e0 1914, plus de  fuyant les pers\u00e9cutions de l'Europe de l'Est, immigrent et s'installent sur des terres en friche, des dunes et des marais qu'ils ass\u00e8chent et transforment en terrains agricoles. Le mouvement sioniste ach\u00e8te \u00e9galement des terrains \u00e0 des propri\u00e9taires ottomans, arabes, ou europ\u00e9ens \u00e0 des prix de plus en plus exorbitants. Les Ottomans refusent cette immigration ne souhaitant pas un nouveau probl\u00e8me national (comme celui bulgare ou arm\u00e9nien) et l'arriv\u00e9e de sujets europ\u00e9ens (et les implications politiques que cela peut engendrer vis-\u00e0-vis de l'Europe). Notamment, les missions consulaires europ\u00e9ennes jouaient un r\u00f4le dans l'assistance aux juifs de la r\u00e9gion.  exclut des motivations antijuives dans cette d\u00e9cision. Les Ottomans avancent officiellement que ces migrants \u00e9tant pauvres ajoutent \u00e0 la mis\u00e8re locale et posent un probl\u00e8me \u00e0 l'ordre public alors que des fanatiques chr\u00e9tiens s'en prennent d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 eux \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, dont certains sont tu\u00e9s durant P\u00e2ques, selon eux. Les ports seront ainsi interdits aux migrants juifs de l'Est et une mesure interdisant l'achat de terres par les Juifs est ensuite pass\u00e9e. Cependant en 1888, face \u00e0 des pressions diplomatiques, ils permettent l'arriv\u00e9e de migrants juifs qui ne viennent pas \u00ab en masse \u00bb. Les Arabes connaissant la politique ottomane de restriction, se joignent \u00e0 cette attitude : certains d\u00e9noncent aux autorit\u00e9s des activit\u00e9s interdites de construction, et le nombre d'incidents de vols, d'intrusions sur les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s juives et d'agressions physiques augmentent. En mai 1900, seuls les immigrants musulmans sont permis dans le moutassarifat de J\u00e9rusalem, mais ces mesures sont difficilement appliqu\u00e9es par les Ottomans. Le gouverneur de Tib\u00e9riade permet par exemple aux Juifs de s'armer face \u00e0 des attaques arabes. Les villages de Juifs ashk\u00e9nazes \u00e9taient confront\u00e9s \u00e0 des \u00ab incidents \u00bb avec les villageois arabes avoisinants et \u00e0 des actes de pillages r\u00e9currents..  D\u00e8s les ann\u00e9es 1880, les frictions entre Juifs et Arabes se focalisent sur des probl\u00e9matiques principalement agricoles. Alors que la plupart parviennent \u00e0 coop\u00e9rer, des disputes entre villages se terminent parfois violemment. \u00c0 la suite d'un incident \u00e0 Petah Tikva, des Fellahin ratissent le village, et tuent une femme juive. Ha\u00efm Hissin du mouvement Bilou, t\u00e9moigne de \u00ab petites querelles \u00bb  avec les voisins Arabes \u00e0 Hadera.\n\nEn 1901, la situation de la minorit\u00e9 juive se normalise : elle b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie des m\u00eames droits que les autres sujets de l'Empire et peut aussi acheter des terres.\n\nC'est vers la fin du  que la condition des Juifs se d\u00e9t\u00e9riore dans le monde musulman, avec l'antis\u00e9mitisme import\u00e9 d'Europe et avec l'opposition au nationalisme juif. L'un des faits marquants est l'apprentissage aux enfants arabes musulmans de jeter des pierres sur les Juifs. De plus, la r\u00e9gion conna\u00eet de nombreux conflits sectaires, et avec l'augmentation de la population juive, elle se retrouve \u00e9galement, une partie dans ces confrontations locales et tensions sociales. La p\u00e9riode voit \u00e9galement, une augmentation des incursions b\u00e9douines violentes depuis le d\u00e9sert du Neguev jusqu'\u00e0 la plaine c\u00f4ti\u00e8re, en particulier alors que l'Empire est engag\u00e9 dans la guerre avec la Russie en 1877. \n\nAu d\u00e9but du , l'agitation antijuive prend de l'importance et des jeunes de Jaffa s'en prennent fr\u00e9quemment aux Juifs de la ville. Certains repr\u00e9sentants arabes incitent leurs populations \u00e0 commettre des actes de violence contre les Juifs. En 1908, une premi\u00e8re confrontation \u00e9clate \u00e0 Jaffa, que les Juifs d\u00e9crivent alors comme un pogrom, 13 Juifs sont  gri\u00e8vement bless\u00e9s. Arthur Ruppin consid\u00e8re quant \u00e0 lui l'\u00e9v\u00e9nement comme exceptionnel, alors que la relation avec les Arabes \u00e9tait \u00ab pacifique \u00bb. Cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement co\u00efncide avec une augmentation des conflits g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par les nombreux immigrants musulmans de la plaine c\u00f4ti\u00e8re. Ces derniers vivaient dans la pauvret\u00e9 et certains m\u00e8nent des violences ou s'organisent en bandes de brigands. Dans le cas de Tib\u00e9riade, six Juifs sont tu\u00e9s de 1909 \u00e0 1911, sans que les autorit\u00e9s ottomanes ne recherchent les meurtriers, t\u00e9moignant d'une certaine impunit\u00e9 pour les tueurs arabes . En r\u00e9action, l'organisation de d\u00e9fense Hashomer est  form\u00e9e en 1909. Degania est victime de raids b\u00e9douins et le 22 novembre 1913, un jeune homme de 18 ans est tu\u00e9 lors d'une attaque haineuse, alors qu'il transportait des m\u00e9dicaments. Lors de l'attaque il parvient \u00e0 tuer l'un de ses assaillants, et en r\u00e9tribution ceux-ci assassinent al\u00e9atoirement un habitant de Kinneret.\n\n\u00c0 la fin de l'Empire, alors que le pouvoir ottoman s'affaiblit, l'hostilit\u00e9 antijuive conna\u00eet une augmentation. Des journaux arabes critiquent l'immigration juive d\u00e8s 1908 et des groupes antisionistes sont form\u00e9s en 1914. Des th\u00e8ses complotistes et des commentaires antis\u00e9mites sont \u00e9galement publi\u00e9s dans certains journaux, comme dans le journal chr\u00e9tien Filastin, ainsi que diverses piques antijuives. Les villages juifs sont quant \u00e0 eux, fr\u00e9quemment la cible d'attaques et de pillages. Les attaques font partie d'un manque g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l'application de la loi et de l'ordre sur l'ensemble du territoire, n\u00e9anmoins les Juifs ayant immigr\u00e9 depuis l'Europe sont une cible particuli\u00e8re du fait qu'ils sont parfois per\u00e7us comme des \u00e9trangers, qui ne partagent pas la langue et la culture arabe.\n\nSelon Neville Mandel, c'est en 1911, que la violence se g\u00e9n\u00e9ralise contre l'ensemble des Juifs du Yishouv. Deux Juifs sont tu\u00e9s en 1912 et trois l'ann\u00e9e suivante. En 1914, les attaques deviennent fr\u00e9quentes. Mandel discerne trois causes aux r\u00e9actions antisionistes chez les Arabes entre 1909 et 1914 : du fait de leur adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l'Empire ottoman, du fait du d\u00e9veloppement d'un patriotisme local et du fait de l'id\u00e9ologie panarabe.\n\nP\u00e9riode du nationalisme arabe sous le mandat britannique \n\nAvec la victoire britannique sur l'Empire ottoman, plus de dix millions d'Arabes se retrouvent sous les autorit\u00e9s fran\u00e7aises et britanniques.  L'Arabie saoudite est form\u00e9e et signe des accords \u00e9conomiques avec les britanniques et le reste des territoires mandataires gagnent l'ind\u00e9pendance progressivement comme l'Irak en 1932, la Syrie en 1943, le Liban en 1944 ou la Jordanie en 1946. Les accords Sykes-Picot poussent un certain nombre de familles arabes a adopt\u00e9 une perspective pan-islamiste et nationaliste arabe. Certains nationalistes arabes rejettent la nouvelle administration britannique, avec un sentiment \u00ab anti-europ\u00e9en et anti-chr\u00e9tien \u00bb. Le territoire de la Palestine est quant \u00e0 lui pr\u00e9vu par les occidentaux pour accueillir le \u00ab foyer national juif \u00bb (sans objections d'Hussein ben Ali lors des n\u00e9gociations avec les Britanniques ). La D\u00e9claration Balfour de 1917 reconnait de jure cette d\u00e9cision qui sera reconnu en 1920 par les grandes puissances de l'\u00e9poque. Les Arabes de Palestine ne sont pas consult\u00e9s pour diff\u00e9rentes raisons : ayant combattu contre les Alli\u00e9s et n'\u00e9tant pas une entit\u00e9 reconnue ou souveraine du territoire. Apr\u00e8s la guerre, de nouvelles organisations politiques sont cr\u00e9\u00e9es par la nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration arabe, d\u00e9fendant le panarabisme (Grande Syrie) et rejetant les projets britanniques. Les trait\u00e9s et arrangements conduisent \u00e0 la radicalisation du monde arabe, ainsi que de la population arabe de la Palestine. D\u00e8s 1920, des manifestations contre la s\u00e9paration du mandat de la Syrie \u00e9clatent et des attaques se produisent contre les Britanniques. N\u00e9anmoins les r\u00e9actions de violences ne se mat\u00e9rialisent pas en r\u00e9volte, comme ce fut le cas en Irak. La population arabe est bien inform\u00e9e de la situation politique, et des inqui\u00e9tudes se font savoir quant \u00e0 la population juive grandissante. L'une des r\u00e9actions est la formation de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s secr\u00e8tes. Les annales arabes reprennent cette ann\u00e9e comme l'\u00ab ann\u00e9e de la catastrophe \u00bb (Am al-Nakba). \n\nHaj Amin al-Husseini, figure religieuse et dirigeant antisioniste encourage l'hostilit\u00e9 contre les Juifs. Il s'oppose \u00e9galement au progr\u00e8s que les Juifs apportent, comme \u00e9tant un danger pour la culture arabe et s'oppose \u00e0 la  modernit\u00e9 chez les Juifs, par exemple il d\u00e9plore \u00ab les filles juives qui courent en short d\u00e9moralisent notre jeunesse par leur simple pr\u00e9sence \u00bb. Influenc\u00e9 par son ma\u00eetre, Muhammad Rashid Rida, il souhaite tout comme Hassan el-Banna une \u00ab renaissance islamique \u00bb. Il aurait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 d\u00e9j\u00e0 en 1918, que \u00ab les sionistes seront massacr\u00e9s jusqu'au dernier homme \u00bb.\n\nLe 4-5 avril 1920, durant les r\u00e9voltes \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, des affiches sont placard\u00e9es sur les murs de la vieille ville incitant \u00e0 la violence : \u00ab\u00a0Tuez les Juifs. Il n'y a pas de punition pour le meurtre de Juifs\u00a0\u00bb. Apr\u00e8s les massacres, al-Husseini est condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 dix ans de prison, mais en 1921, le gouverneur britannique Herbert Samuel tente de l'amadouer et le nomme comme Mufti de J\u00e9rusalem. al-Husseini \u00e0 la t\u00eate du Conseil supr\u00eame musulman choisi des professeurs et des pr\u00eacheurs islamiques hostiles aux Juifs et il r\u00e9pand en particulier la rumeur selon laquelle les Juifs viseraient \u00e0 \u00ab d\u00e9truire la mosqu\u00e9e al-Aqsa pour reconstruire le temple\u00a0\u00bb. Avant la r\u00e9volte de 1929, al-Husseini et d'autres pr\u00e9dicateurs islamiques incitent \u00e0 nouveau aux violences\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0celui qui tue un juif est assur\u00e9 d'une place au paradis\u00a0\u00bb. \n\nEn r\u00e9action Ha\u00efm Weizmann estime que l'hostilit\u00e9 arabe est par essence \u00e9conomique, plut\u00f4t que politique. Le Ahdut ha-Avodah, tente de consolider les relations arabo-juives \u00e0 travers une \u00ab solidarit\u00e9 ouvir\u00e8re \u00bb tout comme  l'organisation socialiste ha-Po'el haTza'ir qui pr\u00f4ne une coexistence. \u00c0 noter qu'en 1920, l'organisation Muslim National Associations est cr\u00e9\u00e9e pour contrer l'antisionisme, consid\u00e9rant le peuple juif comme un peuple ami.\n\nEn octobre 1929, le \u00ab gang de la main verte \u00bb est form\u00e9 et harc\u00e8le par des attaques arm\u00e9es les communaut\u00e9s juives de Galil\u00e9e, jusqu'\u00e0 sont \u00e9limination par les forces britanniques en \u00e9t\u00e9 1930.\n\nEn outre, des migrants musulmans peuplent la r\u00e9gion au d\u00e9but du mandat, et se voient renforc\u00e9s par  suppl\u00e9mentaires depuis les r\u00e9gions avoisinantes durant la p\u00e9riode mandataire. Ceux-ci se concentraient dans des villes, comme Ha\u00effa, et \u00e9taient des travailleurs salari\u00e9s, vivant souvent dans des huttes. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1930, le nombre trop important de migrants et une r\u00e9cession \u00e9conomique, m\u00e8nent nombre d'entre eux \u00e0 vivre dans la mis\u00e8re et provoque de l'agitation parfois violente. Izz al-Din al-Qassam, alors une importante figure religieuse \u00e0 Ha\u00effa, exploite la situation en tissant des liens avec ces derniers, et y recrute les combattants de son jihad. \n\nD\u00e8s les ann\u00e9es 1920, le Cheikh al-Qassam instillait un sentiment de jihad contre l'autorit\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise en Syrie, avant de s'enfuir \u00e0 Ha\u00effa et y pr\u00eacher le jihad. Des activit\u00e9s terroristes sont men\u00e9es \u00e0 Ha\u00effa et en Galil\u00e9e sous son commandement. En 1930, il obtient une fatwa du Mufti de Damas, contre les Britanniques et les Juifs. Il lance alors sa milice dans des attaques terroristes contre les villages juifs. Des activit\u00e9s terroristes sont men\u00e9es \u00e0 Ha\u00effa et en Galil\u00e9e sous son commandement. En 1930, il obtient une fatwa du Mufti de Damas, contre les Britanniques et les Juifs.\n\nPour Bernard Lewis, al-Husseini cherche d\u00e8s le 31 mars 1933 \u00e0 d\u00e9truire le Yishouv, mais \u00e9galement \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une alliance avec l'Allemagne nazie contre les Juifs. \nApr\u00e8s la mort de al-Qassam, Haj Amin al-Husseini maintient le financement de la milice et par la suite incite \u00e9galement ses fid\u00e8les \u00e0 mener un jihad contre les Juifs. Il forme ainsi sa propre milice jihadiste Jaych al-Jihad al-Mouqaddas. Durant la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, la traduction en arabe du livre antis\u00e9mite Les Protocoles des Sages de Sion et la publication de propagande antijuive dans des journaux arabes, renforcent l'hostilit\u00e9 anti-juive. Haj Amin al-Husseini reprendra progressivement les th\u00e8ses antis\u00e9mites europ\u00e9ennes dans son jihad\n\nEn octobre 1933, durant une gr\u00e8ve g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, des Arabes attaquent les Juifs \u00e0 Ha\u00effa, utilisant des armes \u00e0 feu et de la dynamite \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. Face aux violences arabes, les autorit\u00e9s britanniques proposent notamment des plans de partage du territoire, tout comme les repr\u00e9sentants sionistes, sans que ceux-ci ne soient jug\u00e9s favorablement par les repr\u00e9sentants des parties arabes concern\u00e9es.\n\u00c0 noter que durant les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de 1933, des Arabes en faveur d'une r\u00e9conciliation avec les Juifs, sont les cibles d'assassinats, ainsi que des Arabes mod\u00e9r\u00e9s ou des policiers arabes. Fawzi Darwish al-Husseini et Fahmi Taha, qui entretiennent de bonnes relations avec les Juifs, sont assassin\u00e9s par des adeptes d'al-Husseini.\n\nDurant cette p\u00e9riode, des perspectives radicales progressent au sein de la population arabe. La p\u00e9riode voit aussi la formation des premi\u00e8res structures politiques arabes, comme le Parti Istiqlal (panarabe) puis le Parti de la d\u00e9fense nationale (pro-britannique) qui sera sujet \u00e0 une campagne d'assassinats. Pour Yosef Gorny : \u00ab Celles-ci \u00e9taient nouvelles, non pas dans leur antisionisme ou leur tendance \u00e0 la violence, mais dans leur forte opposition \u00e0 la domination britannique et leur vision du terrorisme comme une arme dans la lutte contre les Juifs et les Britanniques \u00bb.\n\nDans le Yishouv, Ha\u00efm Weizmann, per\u00e7oit  les violences arabes de 1935-1936 comme \u00e9tant \u00ab un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne artificiel suscit\u00e9 par les effendis corrompus, qui exploitaient le peuple \u00e0 leurs propres fins \u00bb. La direction du Yishouv est partag\u00e9e entre diff\u00e9rentes approches sur le probl\u00e8me, et adopte des positions consilliatrices. Par exemple Ha\u00efm Arlosorov propose une approche bolsh\u00e9vique, Moshe Beilinson un f\u00e9d\u00e9ralisme pour rassurer les inqui\u00e9tudes Arabes tandis que Katzenelson qui per\u00e7oit la r\u00e9volte comme \u00ab du fascisme, de l'imp\u00e9rialisme et de l'hitl\u00e9risme arabe soutenu par des gouvernements interes\u00e9s \u00bb, opte pour une rapporchement direct entre paysans juifs et paysans arabes.\n\nEn janvier 1935, al-Husseini publie une fatwa, d\u00e9crivent la Palestine mandataire comme \u00ab terre islamique \u00bb, interdisant la vente de terres \u00e0 des Juifs et condamnant les \u00ab comportements immoraux \u00bb, engagent un processus d'islamisation de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 arabe.\n\nAu sein de la confr\u00e9rie des fr\u00e8res musulmans, est cr\u00e9\u00e9e l'\u00ab organisation secr\u00e8te \u00bb, dirig\u00e9e par Salah Achmaoui. Sous la couverture du scoutisme pour dissimuler aux autorit\u00e9s britanniques ses fonctions, elle devient rapidement une structure arm\u00e9e, qui participera \u00e0 la Grande r\u00e9volte arabe de 1936 sous Hajj Amin al-Husseini, puis \u00e0 l'invasion des arm\u00e9es arabes de 1948. Les Fr\u00e8res musulmans acqui\u00e8rent ainsi de l'exp\u00e9rience paramilitaire durant ces conflits.\nLes militants d'Husseini \u00e9taient galvanis\u00e9s au jihad et citaient Ibn Tamiya et Ibn Wahhab, tout en se r\u00e9f\u00e9rant au combat contre les crois\u00e9s. Durant la Grande r\u00e9volte arabe, les Fr\u00e8res musulmans lancent une campagne de propagande en faveur des rebelles et \u00ab\u00a0vantant le nazisme\u00a0\u00bb. La propagande djihadiste accusent les Juifs d'\u00eatre derri\u00e8re tous les maux sociaux. Matthias K\u00fcntzel note qu'au d\u00e9but de la Grande r\u00e9volte arabe, en 1936\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0les tracts et les signes arabes sur les murs \u00e9taient marqu\u00e9s du symbole nazi, bien en \u00e9vidence\u00a0\u00bb. En 1937, il dirige un groupe de jeunesse (Le jihad sacr\u00e9), inspir\u00e9 de la jeunesse hitl\u00e9rienne. La r\u00e9volte marque \u00e9galement la tentative d'al-Husseini d'en faire un conflit pan-islamique, demandant l'aide du monde musulman pour d\u00e9fendre les lieux saints islamiques et collectant des soutiens financiers.\n\nEn 1937, les autorit\u00e9s britanniques reconnaissent le Haut comit\u00e9 arabe et d'autres comit\u00e9s comme les responsables d'\u00ab une campagne organis\u00e9e de terrorisme \u00bb. Le 13 octobre, al-Husseini s'enfuit du mandat et une vague de terreur s'ensuit. En 1941, il commande le jihad \u00e9galement contre les Britanniques, et ordonne que le combat soit men\u00e9 jusqu'au dernier sioniste. En 1941, Husseini qui avait ordonn\u00e9 la guerre au nom de l'islam jusqu'au dernier juif, est expuls\u00e9 du mandat. al-Husseini part en Irak et participe au coup d'\u00c9tat qui s'accompagne d'un massacre de Juifs. Il obtient l'asile en Allemagne nazie aupr\u00e8s d'Hitler, qui le surnomme le \u00ab\u00a0Grossmufti\u00a0\u00bb, et entretient des contacts avec les responsables de la \u00ab\u00a0solution finale\u00a0\u00bb, dont Eichmann, Ribbentrop et en particulier Himmler. Selon Simon Wiesenthal, il aurait \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 en contact avec le commandant d'Auschwitz Rudolf Hoess, de Mauthausen Franz Ziereis, Theresienstadt Siegfried Seidl et Belsen Josef Kramer. Selon divers historiens, c'est durant cette p\u00e9riode qu'il pense un plan d'extermination des Juifs, en particulier ceux de Palestine. Selon l'analyse de David Motadel, dans l'ensemble, l'influence du Mufti sur les dirigeants du r\u00e9gime nazi semble avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00ab limit\u00e9 \u00bb.\n\nLe 26 novembre 1942, Haj Amin al-Husseini incite \u00e0 la violence \u00e0 la radio\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0 Massacrez les Juifs\u00a0! Leur sang vers\u00e9 plait \u00e0 Allah\u00a0!\u00a0\u00bb. Il s'implique dans la Shoah des Balkans en recrutant avec Himmler des musulmans en Bosnie pour former l'unit\u00e9 SS 13 Handschar et d'Albanie dans la divison SS Skanderberg, qui avec l'Arabisches Freiheitskorps, est active en Mac\u00e9doine. Se rangeant du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l'Axe, il soutient les troupes nazies en Afrique du Nord (qui sont accompagn\u00e9es de einsatzgruppen) et participe \u00e9galement au g\u00e9nocide des Juifs de Croatie et de Hongrie (notamment en recrutent des volontaires SS). Husseini d\u00e9clare\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les Allemands savent se d\u00e9barrasser des Juifs...Ils ont d\u00e9finitivement r\u00e9solu le probl\u00e8me Juif\u00a0\u00bb. Dans ses m\u00e9moires il affirmera avoir re\u00e7u l'approbation d'Hitler dans l'extermination des Juifs de Palestine et du monde arabe dans ce qu'il d\u00e9crit comme \u00ab\u00a0d'une mani\u00e8re conforme \u00e0 nos aspirations nationales et raciales et selon les m\u00e9thodes scientifiques innov\u00e9es par l'Allemagne dans le traitement de ses Juifs\u00a0\u00bb. \n\nDans un discours du 5 novembre 1943, al-Husseini r\u00e9it\u00e8re ses th\u00e8ses antis\u00e9mites.\nal-Husseini tente de mobiliser les musulmans en formulent une th\u00e9orie du complot se r\u00e9f\u00e8rent \u00e0 des \u00ab documents sionistes secrets \u00bb qu'il ne cite pas, et selon laquelle le mouvement sioniste serait une menace pour les lieux saints du Hajj : \u00ab Ils avaient prouv\u00e9 que le Royaume d'Isra\u00ebl engloberait l'espace entre la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et le golfe Persique.\u00a0En plus de la Palestine [un tel royaume comprendrait] le Liban, la Syrie, la Transjordanie, l'Irak, une partie du Royaume d'Arabie Saoudite et une partie du Royaume \u00e9gyptien.\u00a0Les Juifs mettent les lieux saints du Hajj en grand danger et volent aux Arabes et \u00e0 l'Islam les fruits de leur terre, qu'ils ont d\u00e9fendue pendant treize si\u00e8cles avec le sang de leurs martyrs. \u00bb.\nHusseini justifie ses th\u00e8ses antis\u00e9mites en affirmant que les Juifs \u00ab tourmentent le monde depuis des si\u00e8cles et sont l'ennemi des Arabes et de l'Islam \u00bb. al-Husseini continue dans sa diabolisation :\u00a0\u00ab Ils vivaient comme une \u00e9ponge parmi les peuples, su\u00e7aient leur sang, s'emparaient de leurs biens, portaient atteinte \u00e0 leur moralit\u00e9 tout en revendiquant les droits des habitants locaux \u00bb. Il ajoute plusieurs st\u00e9r\u00e9otypes sur les Juifs (\u00ab malveillant, mensonger et perfide\u00bb,\u00a0etc) et justifie son rejet des plans de partitions de la Palestine qui m\u00e8nent \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d'un \u00c9tat juif, d\u00e9crit comme \u00ab un grand danger pour toute l'humanit\u00e9 \u00bb. Pour al-Husseini : \u00ab\u00a0C'est un coup de poignard sanglant au c\u0153ur de la patrie arabe!\u00a0L'\u00e9tablissement d'un Commonwealth juif en Palestine soumettrait les pays arabes et tous les pays du Moyen-Orient au danger de l'exploitation \u00e9conomique juive et \u00e0 la conspiration juive mondiale \u00bb.\n\nCe dernier pr\u00eache de nombreuses fois au massacre des Juifs, dont \u00e0 ses unit\u00e9s SS musulmanes dans une d\u00e9claration du 4 mai 1944\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Tuez les Juifs tuez o\u00f9 que vous les trouviez...Cela pla\u00eet \u00e0 Allah \u00bb. En juillet 1945, la Yougoslavie le place sur sa liste des criminels de guerre recherch\u00e9s. \nHusseini est par la suite nomm\u00e9 comme dirigeant des Fr\u00e8res musulmans en Palestine et s'exile.\n\nHistoire\n\nP\u00e9riode britannique\n\nP\u00e9riode de la violence arabe antijuive \n\nDepuis le d\u00e9but du mandat britannique, le Yichouv est victime d'attaques incessantes par des Arabes. Les autorit\u00e9s britanniques tentent d'emp\u00eacher les \u00e9meutes, les vols, meurtres et attaques contre les villes et villages juifs. L'attaque du village juif de Tel Ha\u00ef le premier mars 1920, par des miliciens arabes accompagn\u00e9s de B\u00e9douins, est retenu comme le d\u00e9but de la p\u00e9riode de violence arabe. Elle est suivie d\u00e9but avril, par l'attaque g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e des Juifs de J\u00e9rusalem \u00e0 l'occasion de la c\u00e9l\u00e9bration de Nabi Musa, par des \u00e9meutiers arabes avec le soutien de la police arabe, 216 Juifs sont bless\u00e9s et cinq sont tu\u00e9s \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem. En Galil\u00e9e, de mars \u00e0 avril, les villages juifs sont la cible d'attaques de groupes arm\u00e9s et certains sont ainsi d\u00e9sert\u00e9s, mais ils seront rapidement r\u00e9habit\u00e9s \u00e0 l'exception de Bnei Yehuda sur le plateau du Golan qui sera d\u00e9finitivement abandonn\u00e9. Pour Ilan Peleg, ces attaques utilisent d\u00e9j\u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes du terrorisme, qui seront utilis\u00e9es jusqu'\u00e0 1948 par les radicaux arabes, pour emp\u00eacher la cr\u00e9ation de l'\u00c9tat juif.\n\nEn , 47 Juifs sont massacr\u00e9s par des hommes arabes arm\u00e9s de b\u00e2tons, de couteaux, d'\u00e9p\u00e9es et de quelques pistolets, tuant femmes et enfants. Le premier mai, des Arabes attaquent des passants et des magasins \u00e0 Manshiya tandis qu'\u00e0 Jaffa ils attaquent un h\u00f4tel, et tuent 13 personnes et en blessent 26 qui sont poignard\u00e9es, matraqu\u00e9es et fusill\u00e9es. Le lendemain, 6 Juifs sont tu\u00e9s dans une orangeraie. Des attaques massives sont lanc\u00e9es contre les villes juives: Petah Tikva le 5, Hadera le 6, mais aussi contre Rehovot, Ha\u00effa, contre le quartier juif de J\u00e9rusalem ou \u00e0 nouveau contre Petah Tikva le 7. D'autres Juifs sont poignard\u00e9s \u00e0 mort \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem en novembre. Les attaques arabes seront par la suite, avant tout une pr\u00e9occupation des villages isol\u00e9s et peu connect\u00e9s aux r\u00e9seaux routiers. L'\u00e9tat d'esprit des violences, est celui de la destruction du Yishouv. \n\nLe 2 novembre 1921, des \u00e9meutiers attaquent le quartier juif de J\u00e9rusalem, tuant cinq r\u00e9sidents. Pour Randall D. Law, les Arabes, oppos\u00e9s au mandat britannique, choisissent la communaut\u00e9 juive comme \u00ab cible commode pour [\u00e9vacuer] leur rage \u00bb.\n\nFace \u00e0 la violence, les Britanniques r\u00e9digent un livre blanc en 1922, qui am\u00e8ne \u00e0 la souverainet\u00e9 arabe sur l'Est du mandat : l'\u00c9mirat de Transjordanie.\n\nDe 1926 \u00e0 1929, l'\u00e9migration juive exc\u00e8de l'immigration, et la communaut\u00e9 juive stagne. Lors des \u00e9meutes arabes d', une campagne de \u00ab terreur arabe \u00bb est men\u00e9e contre les Juifs, faisant plusieurs centaines de victimes juives (Les 40 victimes juives par journ\u00e9e de , passent \u00e0 80 par journ\u00e9e en ). \nLes violences sont encourag\u00e9es par des dirigeants arabes qui affirment que les Juifs auraient de mauvaises intentions concernant les lieux saints islamiques. Le 15, le Haut Conseil islamique organise une manifestation contre les pri\u00e8res juives du Mur des Lamentations qu'il consid\u00e8re comme une menace. Les 2000 manifestants chantent des slogans comme : \u00ab Il n'y a pas d'autre Dieu qu'Allah \u00bb et \u00ab la religion de Mahomet est venue avec l'\u00e9p\u00e9e \u00bb et d\u00e9truisent les livres de pri\u00e8res juifs et autres objets sacr\u00e9s. Le lendemain, un enfant juif jouant \u00e0 la balle, l'envoie dans une \u00e9choppe de tomates et est poignard\u00e9 \u00e0 mort. \n\nLe 16, une foule d'Arabes saccagent les livres de pri\u00e8res des Juifs et le lendemain un juif est tu\u00e9 lors d'une querelle.\n\nLe 23 \u00e0 la mosqu\u00e9e al-Aqsa, le Sheik Sa'd al-Din informe ses fid\u00e8les de d\u00e9fendre l'Islam des Juifs et s'\u00e9crit : \u00ab bondissez sur vos ennemis et tuez-les! \u00bb. Les \u00e9meutiers s'en prennent aux Juifs de J\u00e9rusalem et en tuent 29 avec la participation de la police arabe. \u00c0 11h00, des musulmans commencent \u00e0 attaquer les passants juifs dans le march\u00e9. Une grande foule de musulmans arm\u00e9s de couteaux se rue dans les quartiers juifs et commence \u00e0 tuer des dizaines de Juifs. Ils d\u00e9truisent \u00e9galement les synagogues et des maisons. L'h\u00f4pital Misgav Ladach est pris d'assaut et un m\u00e9decin s'en sort gri\u00e8vement bless\u00e9, Dr. Nahum Bar-Ness-Kurkidi.\n\nLe 24, les  Juifs d'H\u00e9bron sont massacr\u00e9s, laissant 67 personnes tu\u00e9es et 58 bless\u00e9s, et annihilant la pr\u00e9sence juive de la ville. Le village de Migdal Adar pr\u00e8s d'H\u00e9bron est abandonn\u00e9 avant d'\u00eatre attaqu\u00e9. La communaut\u00e9 juive de Gaza parvient \u00e0 se d\u00e9fendre contre les tueurs arabes mais est contrainte d'\u00eatre \u00e9vacu\u00e9e par les Britanniques, tout comme les petites communaut\u00e9s juives de Naplouse, Ramla, J\u00e9nine et Acre. Dans le village de Motza, des tueurs arabes rentrent par effraction dans une maison et tuent sept personnes dont la famille Maklef, les parents et leurs trois enfants. \n\nPar la suite, les violences antijuives se r\u00e9pandent d'abord contre les villages juifs de la r\u00e9gion comme \u00e0 Beit Hakerem, \u00e0 Motza ou Ramet Rachel (qui est d\u00e9sert\u00e9), puis dans l'ensemble du territoire : dans le centre, \u00e0 Tel aviv (six Juifs tu\u00e9s), \u00e0 Hulda (une personne tu\u00e9e et le village est d\u00e9sert\u00e9), \u00e0 Beer Toviya (2 morts, le village est pill\u00e9 puis brul\u00e9 par les attaquants) et \u00e0 Ekron (le village est pill\u00e9 et d\u00e9sert\u00e9) ainsi que dans le nord, \u00e0 Hadar Acarmel (7 Juifs tu\u00e9s), \u00e0 Ha\u00effa, \u00e0 Maayanim ainsi que contre trois autres villages qui seront abandonn\u00e9s. Le 29 ao\u00fbt, des \u00e9meutiers attaquent les habitants juifs et les institutions juives de Safed, 20 Juifs sont massacr\u00e9s en majorit\u00e9 des enfants et des vieillards et 80 sont bless\u00e9s, dont des cas de torture. Des tentatives de massacres sont tent\u00e9s \u00e0 Tel Aviv et Ha\u00effa et \u00e0 d'autres endroits. 6 Kibboutz sont d\u00e9truits.\n\nParadoxalement le Komitern soutien le nationalisme arabe y voyant une \u00e9tape vers la r\u00e9volution et li\u00e9 \u00e0 la prol\u00e9tarisation arabe. Le Komitern va jusqu'\u00e0 d\u00e9crire les massacres de Juifs et les actes terroristes comme des actes \u00ab h\u00e9ro\u00efques \u00bb et \u00ab r\u00e9volutionnaires \u00bb.\n\nLa violence antijuive et le terrorisme des ann\u00e9es 1920, m\u00e8nent \u00e0 plus d'insurrection arabe dans les ann\u00e9es 1930.\n\nDans les ann\u00e9es 1930, le Cheikh al-Qassam instillait un sentiment de jihad et lance sa milice dans des attaques terroristes contre les villages juifs, comme l'embuscade et le meurtre de trois membres du Kibboutz Yagur, le 11 avril 1931, un attentat \u00e0 la bombe contre des maisons juives pr\u00e8s de Ha\u00effa, au d\u00e9but de 1932 et le meurtre d'un p\u00e8re et de son fils dans le village de Nahalal le 22 d\u00e9cembre 1932. En 1935, il se lance dans un jihad en Galil\u00e9e et apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 abattu par la police britannique, il se fait conna\u00eetre comme un Chahid.\n\nEn 1936, des membres de la brigade d'Izz al-Din al-Qassam qui avait planifi\u00e9 un Jihad, assassinent deux civils Juifs au hasard pr\u00e8s de Petah Tikva, le 15 avril. Un acte de terrorisme per\u00e7u comme le d\u00e9but des nouvelles violences arabes. Les attaques contre les communaut\u00e9s juives par des groupes locaux et inspir\u00e9es par divers leaders religieux, font place en 1936 \u00e0 des violences caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par des attaques et des massacres suscit\u00e9s en particulier par le mufti de J\u00e9rusalem. \n\nLe 25 avril 1936, le Haut Comit\u00e9 Arabe organise une gr\u00e8ve pour faire pressions sur les autorit\u00e9s britanniques. La gr\u00e8ve est accompagn\u00e9e de violence contre les Juifs, qui sont notamment victimes de jets de pierres. Des unit\u00e9s arabes se lancent dans des activit\u00e9s de gu\u00e9rilla. De mai \u00e0 juin, le Haut Comit\u00e9 Arabe instaure un \u00ab r\u00e8gne de terreur \u00bb. Les gangs arabes br\u00fblent les champs de bl\u00e9 des Juifs et d\u00e9racinent plus de 15000 arbres dans les vergers et les plantations de citrons appartenant \u00e0 des propri\u00e9taires juifs. Les Juifs voyagent par autobus ou en voiture sont attaqu\u00e9s \u00e0 l'arme \u00e0 feu, les villages juifs isol\u00e9s sont harcel\u00e9s ainsi que les stations de police, du b\u00e9tail est mutil\u00e9 et des kibbutzniks sont tu\u00e9s. Les Arabes les plus fanatiques encouragent \u00e0 des violences encore plus extr\u00eames.\nDans les villes mixtes, \u00e0 Jaffa, 41 attentats \u00e0 la bombe sont men\u00e9s et 35 le sont \u00e0 Ha\u00effa. Le 19 avril, le dirigeant du Yishouv Ha\u00efm Weizmann per\u00e7oit ces violences comme un \u00ab danger existentielle \u00bb qu'il d\u00e9crit comme une guerre entre \u00ab d'un c\u00f4t\u00e9 les forces de la destruction, les forces du d\u00e9sert, qui se sont lev\u00e9s, et d'un autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 les forces de la civilisation et de la construction. \u00bb. D'autres dirigeants comme Berl Katznelson n'y voit rien d'autre que des \u00ab d\u00e9monstrations terroristes \u00bb caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par du \u00ab fanatisme religieux et de la x\u00e9nophobie \u00bb. \n\nLes Arabes de Palestine se r\u00e9voltent contre les autorit\u00e9s britanniques lors de la Grande R\u00e9volte arabe de 1936-1939, durant les \u00e9meutes des Juifs sont pris pour cible. En 1936, plus de 89 Juifs sont tu\u00e9s. Les attaques et attentats d\u00e9butent en avril, alors que 15 civils juifs sont tu\u00e9s \u00e0 Jaffa dans quatre attaques, et qu'\u00e0 la fin du mois des maisons sont brul\u00e9es et des fermiers sont bless\u00e9s dans diff\u00e9rentes attaques en Galil\u00e9e ainsi qu'\u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem avec le lynchage d'un enfant juif. En mai, deux personnes sont tu\u00e9es \u00e0 Ha\u00effa et deux \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, des dizaines de plantations juives sont brul\u00e9es et d\u00e9truites et des autobus sur la route reliant J\u00e9rusalem \u00e0 Tel Aviv, sont pris en embuscade. \u00c0 J\u00e9rusalem, trois Juifs sont tu\u00e9s \u00e0 la sortie d'un cin\u00e9ma, un autre dans son village, un Autrichien par erreur, un universitaire et un policier britannique. En juin, des civils juifs sont tu\u00e9s \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents endroits et les Britanniques r\u00e9priment les \u00e9meutiers arabes durement. Du 20 juillet au 22 septembre, 33 civils juifs sont tu\u00e9s, dont beaucoup sans armes, lors d'embuscades meurtri\u00e8res sur les routes. En juillet, les militants arabes tuent des civils juifs avec des balles dum-dum, d'autres sont abattus par des tireurs d'\u00e9lite. Une bombe cible une \u00e9cole juive \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, un enfant de 7 ans est tu\u00e9 \u00e0 Tib\u00e9riade et en ao\u00fbt \u00e0 Safed un p\u00e8re et ses trois enfants sont tu\u00e9s.\n\nLa Haganah, la force de d\u00e9fense juive met en place une politique de non-repr\u00e9sailles et de restreinte pour emp\u00eacher une flamb\u00e9e de violence.  David Ben Gurion d\u00e9fend ainsi la Havlagah face \u00ab aux Arabes qui se battent avec les armes et les gr\u00e8ves, la terreur et le sabotage, le chaos et la destruction des biens \u00bb. Les hommes de la Haganah-Beth rejettent cette doctrine et pressent leurs dirigeants Zeev Jabotinsky et Avraham Tehomi de mener des repr\u00e9sailles \u00e0 la suite des attaques arabes, comme celle o\u00f9 un terroriste arabe jette une bombe dans une cour d'\u00e9cole juive et blesse 7 enfants. En ao\u00fbt, la Haganah r\u00e9agit de m\u00eame, \u00e0 la suite d'une \u00ab attaque inacceptable \u00bb, le meurtre \u00e0 la grenade d'une m\u00e8re et de son jeune enfant dans un train, et m\u00e8ne une op\u00e9ration de repr\u00e9sailles \u00e0 l'endroit de l'attentat.\n\nEn 1937, la commission Peel condamne la violence arabe et propose un plan de partition, qui est rejet\u00e9 par les repr\u00e9sentants arabes. Haj Amin al-Husseini intensifie la r\u00e9volte, durant laquelle de nombreux juifs seront tu\u00e9s. Apr\u00e8s les propositions de partition du mandat, des attaques, parfois terroristes, sont soutenues par les \u00c9tats arabes voisins. \n\nEn mi-mars 1937, lors de nouvelles attaques arabes, 6 Juifs sont tu\u00e9s. Trois membres dissidents de la Haganah-Beth refusent de suivre la Havlagah, et m\u00e8nent une attaque de repr\u00e9sailles contre le village de Yazur, blessant plusieurs arabes.\nPar la suite, le 13 ao\u00fbt, une famille (dont les trois enfants) est massacr\u00e9e \u00e0 Safed et en octobre les terroristes arabes lancent une s\u00e9rie d'attaques. Le 14, des autobus sont attaqu\u00e9s pr\u00e8s de J\u00e9rusalem, deux bombes sont trouv\u00e9es dans un panier dans un caf\u00e9 populaire des policiers britanniques et dans la soir\u00e9e un train de Ha\u00effa \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem est pris d'assaut. L'a\u00e9roport principal du mandat est attaqu\u00e9 et les bureaux de douanes, de passeports et de communications sont mis \u00e0 feu. Toujours en octobre, des milices arabes attaquent Tib\u00e9riade et massacrent 19 Juifs avant l'intervention de l'arm\u00e9e britannique. \nLe  5 novembre, 5 travailleurs du KKL sont assassin\u00e9s. L'organisation Irgoun d\u00e9cide de se lancer dans des attaques de repr\u00e9sailles contre les Arabes, et le 14 novembre ils tuent 10 Arabes ciblant des \u00ab centres de briganderies \u00bb, d'o\u00f9 proviennent les attaques. L'op\u00e9ration est condamn\u00e9e par l'Agence juive qui poursuit sa doctrine de retenue.\n\nAu d\u00e9but de l'ann\u00e9e 1938, dans une attaque sur la route, 5 Juifs qui sont achev\u00e9s \u00e0 la hache, dont une jeune fille qui est viol\u00e9e et mutil\u00e9e. Par la suite, les meurtriers s'enfuient dans leurs villages, et les Juifs se sentent d\u00e9munis. Trois membres de Beitar d\u00e9cident donc de commettre un premier attentat de repr\u00e9sailles qui \u00e9choue, et ils sont arr\u00eat\u00e9s puis condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 mort par les autorit\u00e9s britanniques. Le 4 juillet, l'Irgoun commet sa premi\u00e8re attaque indiscrimin\u00e9e de repr\u00e9sailles, ouvrant une p\u00e9riode de \u00ab terreur contre terreur \u00bb. Durant la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode les Arabes tuent trois villageois de Givat Ada le 23 juin, quatre agriculteurs dans un champ d'oranges de Fin Vered le 5 juillet, cinq travailleurs du quartier pauvre de Kiryat Haroshet le 21 juillet, 6 travailleurs sur une mine \u00e0 Ramat-Hakovesh, 2 Juifs du village de Son Shemer, 7 \u00e9lectriciens qui sont lynch\u00e9s \u00e0 mort au carrefour Massmia, 3 personnes sont tu\u00e9s par une mine terroriste \u00e0 Harod.\n\n\u00c0 la fin de l'ann\u00e9e 1938, 1000 \u00e0 1500 insurg\u00e9s arabes ont impos\u00e9 un \u00ab r\u00e8gne de terreur \u00bb sur le nord du territoire mandataire. 33 Juifs sont tu\u00e9s dans divers attentats et en octobre, des Arabes parviennent \u00e0 massacrer 19 Juifs de Tib\u00e9riade, dont 11 enfants. Les Juifs sont attaqu\u00e9s \u00e0 la fois sur les routes et dans les villes et villages. Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s, les lieux de culte juif, les plantations de nouvelles for\u00eats par le Fonds national juif, les champs et le b\u00e9tail sont \u00e9galement pris pour cible. De 1938 \u00e0 1939, d'autres massacres et attentats contre des Juifs se produisent et l'Irgoun \u00e9tend ses op\u00e9rations de repr\u00e9sailles. Entre mai et juillet en 1938, outre les affrontements avec les forces britanniques, les miliciens arabes tuent 56 Juifs dans des dizaines d'attentats et d'attaques contre des agriculteurs ou contre des villages (de plus au moins un civil chr\u00e9tien est tu\u00e9 le 24 mai).\n\nAlors que les actes de terrorisme contre les civils juifs sont soutenus par les dirigeants arabes, les attaques de repr\u00e9sailles contre les Arabes sont d\u00e9nonc\u00e9es par l'ensemble des principaux dirigeants sionistes.\n\nEn 1939, en r\u00e9action \u00e0 l'ampleur des violences arabes, les Britanniques imposent aux Juifs des limitations sur l'immigration et sur l'achat de terres. L'Irgoun oriente son terrorisme contre les Britanniques s'inspirant de la terreur de la r\u00e9volte :\u00ab Les Arabes utilisent la terreur comme moyen de leur combat politique - et ils gagnent \u00bb.\n\nJusqu'\u00e0 1948, dans le cadre des soul\u00e8vements populaires, des actions de gu\u00e9rilla et de terrorisme sont men\u00e9es contre les Juifs du Yishouv .\n\n\u00c9pisode de la Grande r\u00e9volte arabe de 1936-1939\n\nCampagne men\u00e9e contre les Britanniques \n\nLes Britanniques d\u00e9crivent les r\u00e9volt\u00e9s comme des \u00ab terroristes, insurg\u00e9s, bandits, maraudeurs, voleurs et gangs \u00bb. Les insurg\u00e9s m\u00e8nent une r\u00e9volte au nom de \u00ab la nation arabe \u00bb et pour les fellah, s'articulent autour de la notion de jihad, dans le style de celui d\u00e9clar\u00e9 par al-Qassam contre les Britanniques. L'arm\u00e9e britannique met en cause le mufti pour avoir incit\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00ab des attaques incendiaires, des attaques sur les voies ferr\u00e9es et les routes, aux lanc\u00e9s de bombes sur la police et pour rendre les fusillades monnaie courante \u00bb. Les gangs d\u00e9truisent les lignes t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques et t\u00e9l\u00e9graphiques puis sabotent l'ol\u00e9oduc Kirkuk-Ha\u00effa. Face aux attaques contre l'ol\u00e9oduc les Britanniques mettent sur pieds des unit\u00e9s Special night squads qui \u00e9tendent rapidement leurs activit\u00e9s au combat de \u00ab la terreur arabe \u00bb, par des op\u00e9rations arm\u00e9es.\n\nLes r\u00e9voltes arabes du mandat culminent avec l'assassinat le 26 septembre 1937 de Lewis Andrews, commissaire du district de Galil\u00e9e, ce qui pousse les Britanniques \u00e0 utiliser des mesures de contre-terrorisme, et \u00e0 nommer Charles Tegart comme \u00ab conseiller en chef sur le terrorisme et le maintien de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en Palestine \u00bb. C'est la premi\u00e8re fois que cette fonction est n\u00e9cessaire depuis la guerre d'ind\u00e9pendance de l'Irlande. L'assassinat m\u00e8ne \u00e0 la d\u00e9portation du Haut Comit\u00e9 Arabe aux Seychelles et les Britanniques d\u00e9cident de construire 70 forteresses de b\u00e9ton \u00e0 travers les campagnes, l'\u00e9rection d'une barri\u00e8re de 80 km le long de la fronti\u00e8re avec le mandat fran\u00e7ais, l'importation de chiens Doberman d'Afrique du Sud pour pister les terroristes/insurg\u00e9s jusque dans leurs villages et la classification des villages arabes en bons ou mauvais, les mauvais b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiant d'une punition collective. Les insurg\u00e9s arabes utilisent plut\u00f4t des m\u00e9thodes de gu\u00e9rilla dans les zones rurales et des m\u00e9thodes terroristes plut\u00f4t dans les zones urbaines : des attentats \u00e0 la bombe et des assassinats. Les Britanniques ex\u00e9cutent plus de 140 insurg\u00e9s, arr\u00eatent plus de 9000 suspects, expulsent les dirigeants locaux hostiles et imposent des couvre-feux. Walid Khalidi cite les chiffres de 5032 Arabes morts, dont 3832 tu\u00e9s par les Britanniques et 1200  morts en raison de \u00ab Terrorisme \u00bb.\n\nSelon Benjamin Grob-Fitzgibbon, le terrorisme de la r\u00e9volte parvient \u00e0 forcer l'Empire britannique \u00e0 se retirer de la Palestine. Un d\u00e9veloppement observ\u00e9 par d'autres insurg\u00e9s de l'Empire britannique, en particulier en Malaisie, o\u00f9 l'\u00e9tat d'urgence est d\u00e9clar\u00e9 d\u00e8s juin 1948.\n\nP\u00e9riode de violences entre Arabes \nDurant la grande r\u00e9volte arabe, les diff\u00e9rentes milices qui \u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 en conflit et en comp\u00e9tition, se confrontent violemment. Haj Amin al-Husseini, commet des attentats contre ses opposants politiques et apr\u00e8s plusieurs assassinats, la plupart des mod\u00e9r\u00e9s s'exilent, dont le clan Nashashibi. La plupart des familles distingu\u00e9es de Ha\u00effa sont prises pour cible, comme punition pour la vente de leurs terres aux organisations et individus sionistes. La r\u00e9volte est \u00e9galement un conflit intracommunautaire, de querelles, de vols et d'intimidations.\nLes paysans arabes demandent alors la protection de l'arm\u00e9e britannique contre les rebelles mais se plaignent en m\u00eame temps du comportement des soldats \u00e0 leurs \u00e9gards.\n\nLorsque Hajj Amin s'enfuit au Liban en octobre 1937, des affrontements sanglants entre clans arabes perdurent pendant deux semaines. Les informateurs arabes sont vilipend\u00e9s dans la presse arabe et sont \u00e9galement pris pour cible En octobre 1937, les rebelles tuent Abd al-Fatah Bal'awi qui travaillait avec les Britanniques \u00e0 Acre, le Mukthar du village de Ja'uni et le Sheikh Mahmoud Joda al-Ansari de J\u00e9rusalem, suivant des accusations et des rumeurs. En d\u00e9cembre deux policiers arabes sont tu\u00e9s et un Arabe est retrouv\u00e9 \u00e0 Wadi Ara avec la langue coup\u00e9e et une note attach\u00e9e sur son corps : \u00ab Voici les salaires de la trahison \u00bb. \u00c0 la fin de l'ann\u00e9e les meurtres d'intimidation se multiplient dont celui d'un policier chr\u00e9tien sans lien avec les Britanniques. Cet \u00e9pisode marque un changement dans l'activit\u00e9 des gangs, dor\u00e9navant l'ensemble des policiers arabes sont pris pour cible. Un cycle de vengeance prend \u00e9galement place, alors que des proches des victimes cherchent vengeance. Les assassinats s'amplifient. \n\nAu d\u00e9but de 1938, de petites milices locales \u00e9mergent pour se prot\u00e9ger de la \u00ab guerre des gangs \u00bb. Alors que Fakhri Nashashibi avait soutenu la r\u00e9volte en 1936, il milite en 1938 pour contrer Haj Amin al-Husseini, en organisant la milice anti-terroriste fasa'il al-salam. Fahri Abd al-Hadi, qui dirige la milice sera rejoint par des Druzes. La milice attaque les villages alli\u00e9s \u00e0 Husseini, et elle r\u00e9ussit \u00e0 expulser les rebelles du nord de la Samarie.\n\nAu cours de l'\u00e9t\u00e9 1938, le nombre de rebelles atteint un nombre record de plusieurs milliers, la plupart \u00e9taient des villageois sans instruction ni formation militaire. Ils se livraient souvent \u00e0 des vols et \u00e0 des pillages et faisaient du chantage aux habitants arabes. Les habitants de Jaffa leur \u00e9taient hostiles, mais ceux-ci refus\u00e8rent de quitter la ville. Le kidnapping de suspects pour des interrogatoires devient de plus en plus fr\u00e9quent.\n\nLa seconde phase de la r\u00e9volte se caract\u00e9rise par une violence plus extr\u00eame contre les \u00ab tra\u00eetres \u00bb et les opposants. Les rebelles punissent parfois cruellement les villageois qui ne les soutiennent pas ou refusent de leur fournir des sommes d'argents. Ahmad Shuqayri relate les \u00e9v\u00e8nements dans ses m\u00e9moires et affirme que Hajj Amin n'a rien fait pour emp\u00eacher des innocents d'\u00eatre tu\u00e9s. Cependant la critique de Shuqayri peut aussi \u00eatre du fait que son fr\u00e8re, Answar Shuqayri f\u00fbt l'une des victimes de la campagne de terreur. D'autres arabes sont tu\u00e9s par certains profitant du climat d'anarchie.\n\nFin 1938 et d\u00e9but 1939, la campagne contre l'opposition s'intensifie et de nombreux Arabes sont assassin\u00e9s, pour la plupart sous les accusations de \u00ab tra\u00eetrise \u00bb : des vendeurs de terres aux Juifs, des policiers arabes qui restent fid\u00e8les \u00e0 leurs devoirs, des informateurs et des mod\u00e9r\u00e9s qui ne sont pas assez nationalistes au go\u00fbt des rebelles. Les rebelles r\u00e9digent \u00e9galement une liste d'opposants \u00e0 assassiner. Un climat de terreur s'instaure.\n\nEn 1939, les fonds des rebelles diminuent, et ceux-ci r\u00e9clament des fonds parfois avec violence, dans les municipalit\u00e9s ainsi que dans les villages (de la nourriture et des v\u00eatements). Dans certains cas ils exigeaient l'argent sous la menace, directement \u00e0 des familles locales.\n\nSelon l'historien Yaakov Shimoni, le nombre de tu\u00e9s de cette campagne de terreur atteint les milliers de victimes. Fakhri Nashashibi donnait l'estimation de 3000 personnes tu\u00e9es, d'autres estimaient ce chiffre \u00e0 4500. Les d\u00e9nombrements britanniques et de la Haganah donnent au contraire des chiffres inf\u00e9rieurs. Selon l'estimation de Hillel Cohen, ce chiffre serait autour d'un millier de victimes.\n\nBeaucoup d'Arabes se sentent humili\u00e9s ou bless\u00e9s \u00e0 la suite de la campagne de terreur d'Husseini et le d\u00e9sire de vengeance qui en d\u00e9coule, initie une terreur intra-clanique et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e qui perdurera apr\u00e8s la fin de la r\u00e9volte.\n\nViolences \u00e0 la suite du plan de partage de 1947 \n\nEn , les Britanniques d\u00e9cident d'abandonner leur mandat qu'ils remettent aux Nations unies. Le 10 ao\u00fbt 1947, quatre juifs sont assassin\u00e9s \u00e0 un caf\u00e9 de Tel Aviv, dont l'acteur Meir Teomi. Les terroristes justifient l'attentat comme des repr\u00e9sailles \u00e0 une attaque de la Haganah.\n\nLe , le plan de partage de la Palestine \u00e9labor\u00e9 par l\u2019UNSCOP est approuv\u00e9 par l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies par le vote de la r\u00e9solution 181. Le plan est rejet\u00e9 par les dirigeants de la communaut\u00e9 arabe, y compris le Haut Comit\u00e9 arabe, appuy\u00e9 dans son rejet du plan par l'ensemble des \u00e9tats de la Ligue arabe. Le lendemain du vote, les Arabes de Palestine lancent des attaques, 126 Juifs sont tu\u00e9s durant les deux premi\u00e8res semaines et 75 sont tu\u00e9s dans un camp de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s d'Aden. Le 30 novembre, 7 juifs sont assassin\u00e9s dans un autobus. \u00c0 J\u00e9rusalem, les attaques s'en prennent aux commerces des Juifs et contre les r\u00e9sidents des quartiers juifs, dont certains sont poignard\u00e9s en rue, une synagogue est \u00e9galement prise pour cible le 4 d\u00e9cembre. \u00c0 Ha\u00effa, un magasin juif cibl\u00e9 par une grenade tue deux Juifs et deux Arabes, et les Juifs sont attaqu\u00e9s dans les quartiers arabes. Dans le kibboutz de Gvulot, six adolescentes juives sont assassin\u00e9es. Des civils juifs sont tu\u00e9s partout sur le territoire . Dans les grandes villes des tireurs d'\u00e9lite (dont des mercenaires) tirent sur les passants juifs et sur la circulation, depuis le haut de b\u00e2timents. \u00c0 Jaffa, des tireurs se positionnent dans les minarets ou sur les toits. Le march\u00e9 du Carmel est \u00e9galement attaqu\u00e9 et des grenades sont jet\u00e9es dans les quartiers juifs. Sur tout le territoire, les voitures juives sont victimes de jets de pierres, les consulats de la Pologne et de la Su\u00e8de qui vote en faveur de la partition sont attaqu\u00e9s.\n\nEn d\u00e9cembre 1947, l'une des images marquantes, reste l'attaque du nouveau centre commercial de Mamilla le 2. Au d\u00e9but du mois, Max Pinn, repr\u00e9sentant de l'Agence juive est assassin\u00e9 dans sa voiture. Le 12, 7 Juifs sont tu\u00e9s dans une attaque de Mishmar Hanegev, tandis que trois sont tu\u00e9s \u00e0 Lod. Le 13, l'attaque contre Jaffa et Tel Aviv tue 30 Juifs. \u00c0 Ben Shemen le 14, 14 civils juifs sont tu\u00e9s alors qu'ils ravitaillent un orphelinat. \u00c0 Ha\u00effa, un passant juif est assassin\u00e9 par balle, \u00e0 Gvulot trois sont tu\u00e9s et \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem un enfant juif est assassin\u00e9. Le 16, un Juif est tu\u00e9 \u00e0 Halutza par des terroristes, et le 18 un autre \u00e0 Silwan. Le 19, un Juif est tu\u00e9 sur la route de J\u00e9rusalem et un autre est tu\u00e9 \u00e0 Ha\u00effa en entrant dans le quartier arabe par erreur. Le 23, deux Juifs sont assassin\u00e9s \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem. Le 24, un terroriste arabe ouvre le feu sur des Juifs \u00e0 Ha\u00effa et en tue quatre.\n\nComme homicide notable, le 24 d\u00e9cembre l'athl\u00e8te olympique Elias Katz est assassin\u00e9 par des terroristes arabes alors qu'il tournait un reportage.\n\nLe 30 d\u00e9cembre 1947, dans le cycle de repr\u00e9sailles, l'Irgoun commet un attentat \u00e0 la bombe contre un groupe de travailleurs arabes de Ha\u00effa, tuant 6 personnes. Les travailleurs arabes massacrent alors leurs coll\u00e8gues de travail Juifs, tuant 39 personnes et en blessant des centaines.\n\nAu d\u00e9but des hostilit\u00e9s, le commandant Mohammed Nimr al-Hawwari tente d'\u00e9viter un conflit avec les Juifs, tandis que le Haut Comit\u00e9 arabe sous la direction d'Haj Amin al-Husseini incite \u00e0 la violence contre les Juifs et les Britanniques. Les premi\u00e8res attaques semblent ne pas avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 coordonn\u00e9es, mais plut\u00f4t commises par des bandes arm\u00e9es, des criminels et des hommes sans emploi.\n \nLa premi\u00e8re attaque d'envergure, est lanc\u00e9e contre le kibboutz d'Efal, le 4 d\u00e9cembre et est commandit\u00e9 par Hassan Salame sous les ordres du mufti. L'attaque comprend plus de 120 combattants et des brigands qui sont repouss\u00e9s, jusqu'\u00e0 l'arriv\u00e9e des forces britanniques. En janvier 1948, l'Arm\u00e9e de Lib\u00e9ration arabe attaque le village juif de Kfar Szold, suivi le 20 par l'attaque contre le village de Yehiam avec l'aide de locaux arabes et de tir de mortier. \u00c0 la fin du mois, 2000 miliciens arabes sont arriv\u00e9s en Palestine, tandis que 4000 \u00e0 5000 sont entra\u00een\u00e9s en Syrie. Parmi les combattants des Fr\u00e8res musulmans se trouvaient \u00e9galement des \u00e9tudiants de Damas mais aussi des jeunes de 15 ans.\n\nS'ouvre alors une p\u00e9riode, durant laquelle des groupes sionistes et des groupes arabes se lancent dans une intensification des attentats de repr\u00e9sailles contre les populations respectives. En janvier 1948, les attaques terroristes des Arabes continuent ainsi que celles de l'Irgoun et du Lehi. Notamment en janvier 1948, des Juifs sont br\u00fbl\u00e9s vivants \u00e0 Ein Zeitun.\n\nLe 1 f\u00e9vrier, une grande bombe dans un camion de l'arm\u00e9e britannique explose dans la rue HaSolel visant le bureau de presse du Palestine Post, tuant quatre personnes et en blessant 16, d\u00e9truisant le bureau de presse ainsi que le bureau de la police juive et deux autres b\u00e2timents adjacents. Le 3 f\u00e9vrier, 90 Arabes attaquent le quartier juif de Meqor Hayyim de J\u00e9rusalem. En mars le quartier juif de Yemin Moshe est attaqu\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises par les milices arabes sans succ\u00e8s. Le 13, quatre membres de la Haganah sont lib\u00e9r\u00e9s par la police britannique, les livrent \u00e0 une foule arabe qui les lynchent \u00e0 mort.\n\nDurant le si\u00e8ge du Goush Etzion, une vingtaine de filles sont tu\u00e9s dans une maison. Le 16 janvier, 35 combattants apportent du ravitaillement sont pris en embuscade par des villageois. Leurs corps sont retrouv\u00e9s s\u00e9v\u00e8rement mutil\u00e9s. \u00c0 la suite du si\u00e8ge du Gush Etzion, la plupart des d\u00e9fendants qui se rendent sont massacr\u00e9s, les corps sont mutil\u00e9s et certains survivants sont viol\u00e9s et tortur\u00e9s.\n\nLe 11 mars, Jaych al-Jihad al-Mouqaddas commet un autre attentat \u00e0 la bombe de grande ampleur, cette fois contre le bureau de l'Agence juive. La bombe pos\u00e9e par un conducteur arabe du consulat am\u00e9ricain, co\u00fbte la vie \u00e0 12 personnes et en blesse 44, le bureau est s\u00e9v\u00e8rement endommag\u00e9 par l'explosion.\n\nLe pire attentat \u00e0 la bombe se produit le 22 mars dans une rue commer\u00e7ante de J\u00e9rusalem, avec plus de 50 civils juifs tu\u00e9s. Selon Itamar Radai, les attentats \u00e0 la bombe sont utilis\u00e9s come campagne de terreur urbaine et de guerre psychologique pour d\u00e9moraliser les Juifs, tandis que le moral des Arabes est augment\u00e9. Le public arabe justifie ces attentats \u00e0 la bombe comme \u00e9tant des repr\u00e9sailles.\n\nLe 23 mars, deux membres du Jaych al-Jihad al-Mouqaddas d\u00e9tonnent une bombe au milieu du quartier de Yemin Moshe assi\u00e9g\u00e9, mais l'explosion ne parvient qu'\u00e0 blesser quelques civiles et \u00e0 d\u00e9truire des b\u00e2timents abandonn\u00e9s.\n\nComme autres atrocit\u00e9s commises pour terroriser les Juifs, \u00e0 Nitzanim, des femmes sont d\u00e9membr\u00e9es en juin 1948. \u00c0 Eilabun, les combattants Arabes paradent avec les t\u00eates de deux soldats isra\u00e9liens, empal\u00e9es sur des piquets. En octobre, lors de la prise du village, un officier isra\u00e9lien vengera cet incident contre les villageois.\n\nDans le monde arabe, les Juifs sont pris pour cible par des militants soutenant les Arabes de Palestine. En \u00c9gypte ils sont massacr\u00e9s au Caire et \u00e0 Alexandrie d\u00e8s 1945, et \u00e0 la suite de vols ils sont \u00e0 nouveau attaqu\u00e9s (leurs synagogues, leurs magasins et leurs maisons). En 1948, un attentat tue plus de 70 Juifs et des dizaines d'autres sont massacr\u00e9s, ainsi que l'ann\u00e9e suivante. \u00c0 la suite du vote, le  d\u00e9cembre, les Juifs de Beyrouth sont attaqu\u00e9s et leurs synagogues sont incendi\u00e9es. Les Juifs de Manama sont aussi attaqu\u00e9s et ceux de Syrie sont massacr\u00e9s \u00e0 Alep. Douze Juifs de Damas seront \u00e9galement tu\u00e9s dans un attentat en 1949. En Libye, en 1945 plus de 140 Juifs sont tu\u00e9s \u00e0 Tripoli et un autre pogrom se d\u00e9roule en 1948 apr\u00e8s le vote laissant plus de 130 morts. En Irak, des centaines de Juifs de Bagdhad sont massacr\u00e9s en 1941, et en 1948 certains sont pendus sous le pr\u00e9texte de collaborer avec Isra\u00ebl. \n\nLes dirigeants arabes menacent de massacrer les Juifs. Hasan al-Banna des Fr\u00e8res musulmans, appelle les Arabes \u00e0 \u00ab annihiler les Juifs \u00bb et \u00ab remplir la mer de leurs corps \u00bb. Haj Amin el-Husseini suit cette d\u00e9claration en ordonnant : \u00ab Je d\u00e9clare la guerre sainte, mes fr\u00e8res musulmans ! Tuez les Juifs ! Tuez-les tous! \u00bb .  \n\nLa p\u00e9riode d'attentats et de guerre civile prend l'ampleur d'un conflit entre Isra\u00ebl et les pays arabes voisins avec le soutien de la Ligue arabe, alors que ceux-ci d\u00e9cident d'envahir le nouvel \u00c9tat. Isra\u00ebl en sort victorieux malgr\u00e9 de lourdes pertes, , dont plus de . La guerre est accompagn\u00e9e d'attaques arm\u00e9es par des milices arabes ainsi que sionistes. Les tueurs arabes privil\u00e9gient des tirs d'\u00e9lites contre des civils juifs dans les villes mixtes, des attaques sur les routes contre les automobilistes, des meurtres al\u00e9atoires et des attentats \u00e0 la bombe. \u00c0 cela s'ajoute des massacres de prisonniers ou contre le personnel m\u00e9dical juif lors de la guerre. L'historiographie palestinienne quant \u00e0 elle, fait \u00e9tat de massacres \u00e9galement commis par les forces juives. \n\nDurant la guerre d'ind\u00e9pendance les combattants juifs, y compris les femmes combattantes, caputr\u00e9s par les milices arabes, sont fr\u00e9quemment tortur\u00e9s et mutil\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re particuli\u00e8rement violente. Les principales mutilations concernent la t\u00eate et les organes sexuels. Des femmes enceintes sont \u00e9galement retrouv\u00e9es \u00e9ventr\u00e9es. Jonathan Matusitz d\u00e9crit cette violence comme \u00e9tant du \u00ab terrorisme rituel \u00bb.   \n\nLe nouvel \u00c9tat fait face \u00e0 de nombreux r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s juifs ayant fui l'Europe (apr\u00e8s la Shoah), ceux expuls\u00e9s du quartier juif de la vieille ville de J\u00e9rusalem ou d'autres communaut\u00e9s d\u00e9truites, ainsi que des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de l'exode des Juifs des pays arabes. Les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s Arabes de la guerre sont r\u00e9install\u00e9s dans des camps de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s en dehors du nouvel \u00c9tat. Les pays arabes d\u00e9cident de ne pas les int\u00e9grer, visant \u00e0 conserver un droit au retour en territoire isra\u00e9lien. L'\u00c9tat arabe du plan de partage n'est pas cr\u00e9\u00e9 alors que la Jordanie annexe le territoire de Cisjordanie et que le territoire de la Bande de Gaza passe sous l'administration \u00e9gyptienne. Les Palestiniens entretiennent la m\u00e9moire de cet \u00e9pisode comme une catastrophe, qu'ils nomment la \u00ab Nakba \u00bb. Le conflit est le premier des conflits isra\u00e9lo-arabe et isra\u00e9lo-palestinien dans lequel ces derniers vont faire l'usage privilig\u00e9 du terrorisme.\n\nConflit isra\u00e9lo-palestinien et isra\u00e9lo-arabe\n\nAttaques de fedayin \n\n\u00c0 la suite de la d\u00e9faite arabe de 1948, des Palestiniens s'infiltrent clandestinement au travers de la ligne d'armistice en territoire isra\u00e9lien. \u00c0 partir de 1953, la Jordanie et l'\u00c9gypte encouragent les infiltr\u00e9s \u00e0 commettre des attaques \u00e0 la grenade et des fusillades contre les communaut\u00e9s isra\u00e9liennes frontali\u00e8res et contre la circulation automobile. Certaines attaques seront financ\u00e9es par le gouvernement saoudien et le mufti Amin al-Husseini. Des incursions arm\u00e9es par les \u00c9gyptiens sont parall\u00e8lement lanc\u00e9es depuis la Bande de Gaza, tandis que l'arm\u00e9e jordanienne participe \u00e0 des attaques. Le Liban et la Syrie soutiennent \u00e9galement des groupes de fedayin. \u00c0 partir de 1949 jusqu'\u00e0 la crise du canal de Suez, 264 civils isra\u00e9liens sont tu\u00e9s au cours de 729 attaques d'apr\u00e8s les chiffres d'Uri Milstein. De 1951 \u00e0 1957, 400 Isra\u00e9liens perdent la vie, et 900 sont bless\u00e9s. 125 sont tu\u00e9s apr\u00e8s 1957. Durant l'ensemble de la p\u00e9riode jusqu'en 1967, le terrorisme des fedayin, par des attaques arm\u00e9es et des bombardements en Isra\u00ebl, fait 1300 victimes isra\u00e9liennes. \n\nLes infiltrations palestiniennes commencent d\u00e8s la fin de la guerre tout le long de la ligne de cessez-le-feu tortueuse avec Isra\u00ebl. Elles sont accompagn\u00e9es d'attaques contre les civils auxquelles Isra\u00ebl r\u00e9pondent par des op\u00e9rations de repr\u00e9sailles ainsi qu'en installent des avant postes du Nahal le long de la ligne de cessez-le-feu. Les v\u00e9hicules isra\u00e9liens sont pris en embuscade, les routes sont min\u00e9es, des dispositifs pi\u00e8ge sont plac\u00e9s dans les champs et les fermes sont prises d'assaut.\n\nCes infiltrations sont compos\u00e9es \u00e0 la fois de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, de terroristes et de criminels qui infiltrent Isra\u00ebl pour diff\u00e9rentes raisons : \u00ab de la cultivation agricole, des vols, des brigandages, des pillages, des meurtres, des assassinations et des sabotages \u00bb. Face \u00e0 ces violations de l'armistice, Isra\u00ebl m\u00e8ne une politique de repr\u00e9sailles et \u00e0 partir de 1954, les bases palestiniennes et militaires arabes sont vis\u00e9es, alors qu'Isra\u00ebl tient les gouvernements arabes comme responsables des attaques sur son territoire.\n\nDe leur c\u00f4t\u00e9, les pays arabes en guerre avec Isra\u00ebl, incitent \u00e0 la violence contre Isra\u00ebl et propagent de la propagande antis\u00e9mite, en particulier dans la bande de Gaza. Le gouvernement jordanien affirme que pour promouvoir la cause palestinienne, des initiatives politiques et \u00e9ducatives dans le monde arabe sont n\u00e9cessaires \u00ab pour concentrer les efforts dans le combat contre Isra\u00ebl \u00bb.\n\nEn 1951, le roi de Jordanie Abdallah Ier est assassin\u00e9 par un terroriste palestinien.\n\nEn 1952, apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9volution \u00e9gyptienne, l'\u00c9gypte soutient et encourage des attaques en Isra\u00ebl de nature terroriste et organise les fedayin de la bande de Gaza en unit\u00e9s paramilitaires.\n\nLes habitants frontaliers t\u00e9moignent de leurs sentiments de terreur et de conditions de vie difficiles qui sont accompagn\u00e9es de pillages, de meurtres, de vols d'animaux ou de r\u00e9coltes, d'attaques arm\u00e9es et de poses d'explosifs par les terroristes palestinens. Par exemple les villageois de Givat Yeearim d\u00e9cident de protester \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem contre ces conditions de vie. En particulier ils sont victimes d'un brigand palestinien Mustafa Samwili qui forme un gang en 1952 actif pendant plus de 4 ans. Ce dernier est responsable de la mort de 20 Isra\u00e9liens et est abattu en 1956 par la police apr\u00e8s le meurtre d'un villageois.\n\nEn 1953, Isra\u00ebl essuie une s\u00e9rie d'attaques terroristes. Un couple juif est tu\u00e9 dans le village de Tsipori, des tirs sont tir\u00e9s conte un bus scolaire pr\u00e8s de Meron tuant un enfant et un Circassien travaillant pour Isra\u00ebl est assassin\u00e9. D'autres attaques contre des civils et des v\u00e9hicules se produisent.\n\nLes attaques meurtri\u00e8res et les sabotages commis par des unit\u00e9s de Fedayin ont des objectifs strat\u00e9giques d'apr\u00e8s Ze'ev Drory : semer la discorde, causer de la destruction, troubler la circulation routi\u00e8re et cr\u00e9er de la panique dans la population isra\u00e9lienne. Apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9ussite de l'op\u00e9ration de repr\u00e9sailles isra\u00e9lienne du 28 f\u00e9vrier 1955 contre les forces \u00e9gyptiennes de la bande de Gaza, les unit\u00e9s Fedayin entretenues par l'arm\u00e9e \u00e9gyptienne, m\u00e8nent une dizaine d'attentats en Isra\u00ebl.\n\nFormation du Mouvement nationaliste arabe \nGeorge Habash et Hani al-Hindi assistent la formation du groupe clandestin kata'ib al-Fida al-Arabi (Bataillons du sacrifice arabe) avec des activistes syriens et des fugitifs \u00e9gyptiens. Le groupe s'inspire du fascisme et conduit une dizaine d'attaques terroristes contre des cibles \u00e0 Beyrouth et \u00e0 Damas en ao\u00fbt 1949. Le premier attentat laisse 12 morts et 27 bless\u00e9s dans une synagogue de Damas. Les consulats britanniques et am\u00e9ricains, une \u00e9cole \u00e9trang\u00e8re et le bureau de l'UNRWA sont pris pour cible d'attentats \u00e0 la bombe l'ann\u00e9e suivante. Habash et Hindi deviennent insatisfaits du terrorisme sans un agenda politique claire, et d\u00e9cident dans un premier temps, d'organiser des actes de sabotage et des assassinats. Ils tentent par la suite, d'organiser une force paramilitaire associ\u00e9e au parti Ba'th mais la tentative d'assassinat rat\u00e9e contre le pr\u00e9sident syrien, Adib al-Shishakli et contre Akram Hurani, am\u00e8ne \u00e0 la br\u00e8ve arrestation de Hindi, et \u00e0 la dissolution du Kata'ib. Ils rejoignent par le suite le groupe extr\u00e9miste al-Urwa al-Wuthqa (Le lien le plus ferme) qui vise \u00e0 la destruction d'Isra\u00ebl. Le groupe d'influence fasciste, parle de \u00ab p\u00e9ril juif \u00bb et assimile le sionisme au juda\u00efsme. Ils cr\u00e9ent l'organisation Mouvement nationaliste arabe en 1951-1952. La nouvelle organisation cr\u00e9e un \u00ab Comit\u00e9 de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la paix avec Isra\u00ebl \u00bb, qui mobilise des militants et forme des cellules clandestines contre les plans de r\u00e9installation de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de l'UNRWA de 1950 \u00e0 1953. Le groupe coordonne des attaques d'infiltrations en Isra\u00ebl apr\u00e8s 1955, et gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des donateurs priv\u00e9s, ils parviennent \u00e0 armer et financer des \u00ab moudjahidins \u00bb, et des nouveaux recrus issus des camps de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s.\n\nL'organisation confronte les gouvernements arabes pro-occidentaux et anti-Nasser, dont en particulier la monarchie jordanienne. Elle m\u00e8ne une br\u00e8ve campagne de sabotage contre des cibles gouvernementales jordaniennes, avant que la branche jordanienne soit d\u00e9mantel\u00e9e. Des militants de l'organisation sont invit\u00e9s par la suite au Liban par l'arm\u00e9e syrienne pour participer \u00e0 la guerre civile de 1958 et recevoir de l'entra\u00eenement. L'organisation sert en mars 1959 aux int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9gyptiens, en essayent de recruter des officiers irakiens apr\u00e8s la chute de la monarchie. L'organisation aide au trafic d'armes aux insurg\u00e9s \u00e0 Oman et recommence une campagne d\u2019attaques de sabotage en Jordanie en 1959-1960.\n\nApr\u00e8s la campagne du Sina\u00ef (1956-1967)\nLa campagne du Sina\u00ef marque la fin du terrorisme fedayin, Isra\u00ebl \u00e9limine les bases palestiniennes et garantit 9 ann\u00e9es de calme relatif. Une organisation palestinienne est cr\u00e9\u00e9e peu apr\u00e8s la campagne, et le terrorisme prend la forme d'un terrorisme national men\u00e9 par le nouveau mouvement palestinien. Cette nouvelle organisation vise \u00e0 l' \u00ab extermination \u00bb d'Isra\u00ebl et de sa soci\u00e9t\u00e9. L'organisation empreinte le nom Fatah.\n\nL'organisation Fatah est cr\u00e9\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s palestiniens de Gaza et de membres des Fr\u00e8res musulmans. L'une des figures de l'organisation venait du Caire, Muhammad Abd-al-Ra'uf al-Qidwa al-Husayni (connu comme Yasser Arafat), et avait appartenu au groupe arm\u00e9 de Abdel-a-Qadir al-Husayni puis \u00e0 un contingent des Fr\u00e8res musulmans durant la guerre de 1948-1949 \net avait particip\u00e9 \u00e0 des attaques des Fr\u00e8res musulmans contre les Britanniques le long du canal de Suez de 1950 \u00e0 1954. Une autre figure Khalil al-Wazir (souvent consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le fondateur de l'organisation), avait form\u00e9 un groupe de \u00ab mujahidin \u00bb en 1949 puis avait rejoint les Fr\u00e8res musulmans en 1951. Le groupe de jeunes, dont beaucoup ont entre 14 et 16 ans, re\u00e7oivent un entra\u00eenement par l'arm\u00e9e \u00e9gyptienne \u00e0 El-Arish. Le bannissement des Fr\u00e8res musulmans d'\u00c9gypte en octobre 1954, m\u00e8ne Wazir et des compagnons \u00e0 quitter le groupe et \u00e0 se lancer dans des attaques de sabotage en Isra\u00ebl \u00e0 la fin 1954 et d\u00e9but 1955. Ils fournissent \u00e0 des Fedayin des armes pour des raids. Wazir revendique de nombreuses attaques pour augmenter la popularit\u00e9 de son groupe. Avec la guerre de 1956, le besoin de cr\u00e9er un groupe palestinien contre Isra\u00ebl se fait sentir, et le nouveau groupe qu'il forme tire la plupart de ses militants des Fr\u00e8res musulmans. Des dizaines d'autres groupes sont form\u00e9s comme le groupe Katai'b Muhammad, actif contre les services de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 syriens au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1960.\n\nL'id\u00e9ologie du Fatah est la destruction d'Isra\u00ebl : \u00ab lib\u00e9rer l'enti\u00e9ret\u00e9 de la Palestine et d\u00e9truire les fondations de ce qui est d\u00e9crit comme un \u00e9tat et une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'occupation sioniste et colonialiste. \u00bb. Le Fatah voit dans la violence une arme psychologique, ce qui est illustr\u00e9 par la d\u00e9claration du groupe en 1968 : \u00ab la stabilit\u00e9 psychologique, la paix avec l'ennemi et la recherche de l'indulgence mat\u00e9rielle sont autant de facteurs qui, s'ils durent, permettront aux complots colonialistes de tuer l'esprit de lutte palestinien et d'assimiler les Palestiniens en leur sein. \u00bb.\n\nLe Fatah \u00e9tablit une cellule au Qatar et une autre dans un cercle \u00e9tudiant d'Allemagne de l'Ouest ainsi qu'un camp d'entra\u00eenement en Alg\u00e9rie. L'organisation \u00ab El-Fatah \u00bb, organise d\u00e8s 1958, une campagne de propagande en direction de la jeunesse palestinienne. \n\nAu d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1960, deux principales organisations paramilitaires palestiniennes se sont form\u00e9es : l'OLP form\u00e9e et entrain\u00e9e par l'\u00c9gypte ainsi que le Fatah, soutenue et arm\u00e9e par la Syrie. \u00c0 partir du rapprochement entre ces deux puissances r\u00e9gionales, l'OLP fonde une nouvelle organisation, les H\u00e9ros du retour (Abtal al-Awda) bas\u00e9e au Liban et qui rivalise avec le Fatah. L'OLP est dans un premier temps organis\u00e9 pour combattre l'existence d'Isra\u00ebl.\n\nLe Fatah commet son premier attentat le 1 janvier 1965 contre l'aqueduc national d'Isra\u00ebl. En 1965, le Fatah \u00e9tablit des liens avec la Syrie, qui finance et fournit de l'armement et de l'explosif. D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de 1966, la Syrie permet aux terroristes du Fatah d'infiltrer Isra\u00ebl par le plateau du Golan sous son contr\u00f4le. Cependant des tensions se manifestent rapidement sous le pr\u00e9texte que l'organisation ne coordonne pas suffisamment ses attaques, mais aussi selon une volont\u00e9 du parti Baath d'en faire son organisation satellite. Des membres sont arr\u00eat\u00e9s ou tu\u00e9s. Le Fatah augmente ses infiltrations \u00e0 la veille de la Guerre des Six jours.       \nDe son c\u00f4t\u00e9, Gamal Abdel Nasser, inquiet que le terrorisme ind\u00e9pendant du Fatah m\u00e8ne \u00e0 une perte de contr\u00f4le de la situation g\u00e9opolitique, d\u00e9clare que les arm\u00e9es arabes se consid\u00e8rent en \u00e9tat de guerre contre l'organisation. \n\nL'OLP est fond\u00e9e sur une base de militants palestiniens et de radicaux. Le Fatah, qui \u00e9tait la principale faction, avait \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1958 comme un \u00ab mouvement de lib\u00e9ration \u00bb, et s'\u00e9tait organis\u00e9 sous forme de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s secr\u00e8tes.\n\nLes factions r\u00e9volutionnaires, comme le FPLP et le FPLP-CG initient une vague d'attentats terroristes en Europe de l'ouest et au Moyen-Orient. \n\nSelon Aziz Dweik, ce sont les Fr\u00e8res musulmans en \u00c9gypte, qui ont jou\u00e9 le r\u00f4le d'\u00ab incubateur \u00bb \u00e0 la fois des nationalistes palestiniens comme Abou Iyad, Abou Jihad et Abou Mazen ainsi que des islamistes du Hamas.\n\nEn 1963, le Fatah est l'organisation la plus populaire et prend le contr\u00f4le de l'OLP, avec Yasser Arafat \u00e0 sa t\u00eate. Georges Habache, \u00e0 la t\u00eate du FPLP \u00e9tabli en , entre en comp\u00e9tition jusqu'\u00e0 la dissolution du FPLP. En 1966 est aussi cr\u00e9\u00e9 par la Syrie, As-Saiqa et le Front de lib\u00e9ration arabe par l'Irak. \n\nEn 1965, les \u00c9tats de la Ligue arabe acceptent la proposition de l'OLP de cr\u00e9ation d'une Arm\u00e9e de lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine. Le groupe arm\u00e9 est financ\u00e9 par la Ligue arabe et les bases paramilitaires sont cr\u00e9\u00e9es en \u00c9gypte, en Syrie et en Irak. Le mouvement national palestinien et ses diff\u00e9rentes constituantes se f\u00e9d\u00e8rent autour de Yasser Arafat et de l'OLP, l'\u00ab Organisation de Lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine \u00bb, qui opte pour la lutte arm\u00e9e et l'usage du terrorisme contre Isra\u00ebl et ses alli\u00e9s, ainsi que contre la Jordanie. \n\nDurant deux ans et demi menant \u00e0 la guerre des Six jours, le Fatah conduit des centaines d'attaques transfrontali\u00e8res en Isra\u00ebl, qui sont pour la plupart repouss\u00e9es par l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne.\n\nEn , appara\u00eet une nouvelle organisation, Abd el-Kader Husseini Unit suivie par d'autres unit\u00e9s de Ahmed Jibril, sous les ordres du r\u00e9gime syrien et ayant le soutien de l'OLP. Par la suite, le d\u00e9but des activit\u00e9s terroristes de l'OLP est marqu\u00e9 par de la rivalit\u00e9 avec le Fatah. En 1967 les activit\u00e9s terroristes augmentent jusqu'\u00e0 la d\u00e9faite arabe de la guerre des Six Jours, qui s'ensuit par l'apparition de nombreuses cellules terroristes.\n\nD\u00e9faite de la guerre des Six jours (1967-1973) \nApr\u00e8s la d\u00e9faite arabe de la guerre des Six jours, les dirigeants de l'OLP parviennent \u00e0 \u00e9viter la capture, et le Fatah se lance dans des attaques transfrontali\u00e8res depuis la Jordanie. L'impact limit\u00e9 de ces incursions sont exag\u00e9r\u00e9s par la propagande de l'organisation. L'objectif des groupes palestiniens, de la destruction d'Isra\u00ebl pour le remplacer par un \u00c9tat palestinien semble dor\u00e9navant beaucoup plus illusoire. Les Palestiniens deviennent une force politique autonome. Ils attirent des forces d'extr\u00eame gauche et panarabes, dont celles de Georges Habache. Les groupes palestiniens percevant la d\u00e9faite comme un abandon du combat contre Isra\u00ebl se lancent dans des attaques terroristes sensationnelles visant en particulier \u00e0 marquer l'opinion publique. Isra\u00ebl y r\u00e9pond par des op\u00e9rations de repr\u00e9sailles contre les infrastructures terroristes.\nLes Palestiniens adoptent une nouvelle strat\u00e9gie : l'exportation du terrorisme au-del\u00e0 du Moyen-Orient, pour gagner des concessions et influencer les pays occidentaux.\n\nCette p\u00e9riode voit ainsi l'\u00e9mergence et le d\u00e9veloppement du nationalisme palestinien ainsi que la poursuite de la guerre \u00ab par d'autres moyens \u00bb et par un \u00ab terrorisme international \u00bb. Des camps d'entra\u00eenements palestiniens sont \u00e9tablis gr\u00e2ce au financement de la Syrie, l'Irak, l'\u00c9gypte et la Libye.\n\nEn 1967, les attaques terroristes sont concentr\u00e9es \u00e0 partir de la bande de Gaza et depuis la fronti\u00e8re jordanienne. De juin 1967 \u00e0 d\u00e9cembre 1968, 157 attaques sont men\u00e9es \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur d'Isra\u00ebl, contre des centres civils comme les march\u00e9s ou les stations d'autobus causant la mort de 47 civils. De plus de nombreux terroristes attaquent les communaut\u00e9s isra\u00e9liennes frontali\u00e8res avec plus de  attaques. En r\u00e9action, l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne m\u00e8ne des op\u00e9rations \u00ab anti-terroristes \u00bb, qui co\u00fbtent la vie \u00e0 234 soldats. Des Palestiniens qui auraient collabor\u00e9 ou travaill\u00e9 avec Isra\u00ebl sont aussi ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s dans la bande de Gaza: plus de 138 morts et  par cette politique de 1968 \u00e0 la fin 1971.\n\nD\u00e8s la fin des ann\u00e9es 1960 jusqu'au milieu des ann\u00e9es 1970, le terrorisme devient l'arme essentielle du mouvement palestinien. Avec une absence de strat\u00e9gie au terrorisme, le mouvement palestinien ne parvient pas \u00e0 mobiliser les masses populaires. Les Isra\u00e9liens, puis \u00e9galement des cibles juives, occidentales et am\u00e9ricaines sont victimes des attaques terroristes palestiniennes. La tactique des groupes palestiniens comporte \u00ab les d\u00e9tournements d'avions, les kidnappings, les meurtres, fusillades et attentats \u00e0 la bombe \u00bb.\n\nLe 18 mars 1968, une mine explose sous un autobus scolaire, tuent deux adultes et blessent 28 enfants. Isra\u00ebl lance une op\u00e9ration de repr\u00e9sailles contre Karameh, une \u00ab base \u00bb palestinienne. Apr\u00e8s la bataille de Karameh, l'OLP pr\u00e9sente les combats comme une victoire. L'OLP gagne en popularit\u00e9 et en soutien et est contraint de changer l'organisation alors qu'elle grandit rapidement. L'OLP organise des mobilisations et de l'\u00e9ducation id\u00e9ologique pour les masses. L'OLP devient repr\u00e9sentative du peuple palestinien apr\u00e8s la guerre des Six jours, et en 1969, le Fatah prend le contr\u00f4le du Comit\u00e9e ex\u00e9cutif de l'OLP. Cette base s'\u00e9tend consid\u00e9rablement et \u00e9volue en une entit\u00e9 politique et a un organe paramilitaire employant une tactique terroriste.\n\nLe FPLP fond\u00e9 en 1967 par George Habash pr\u00f4ne une r\u00e9volution multinationale. L'organisation qui se d\u00e9crit comme marxiste est le plus actif dans le terrorisme dans les ann\u00e9es 1970 avec 800 membres. Le FPLP est responsable d'attaques terroristes internationales, en particulier une campagne de piratage a\u00e9rien de 1969 jusqu'\u00e0 1970. Le FPLP \u00e9tablit une collaboration avec des groupes terroristes europ\u00e9ens et en particulier avec Carlos. Le FPLP-CG est fond\u00e9 par Ahmed Jibril en 1968, \u00e0 partir d'une frange extr\u00e9miste du FPLP, et m\u00e8ne de nombreuses attaques transfrontali\u00e8res en Isra\u00ebl. Le Front d\u00e9mocratique de lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine se s\u00e9pare du FPLP en 1969, et se divise en deux factions en 1991. Compos\u00e9e de 500 membres, elle commet en particulier des attentats \u00e0 la bombe et des attaques transfrontali\u00e8res meurtri\u00e8res.\n\nLe 5 juin 1968, Robert F. Kennedy est assassin\u00e9 par un terroriste palestinien. Ce dernier justifie l'homicide pour le soutien d'Isra\u00ebl durant la guerre des Six jours.\n\nAutre fait marquant, en 1968-1969 est form\u00e9e l'Unit\u00e9 14 du Fatah, compos\u00e9e de pilotes et techniciens form\u00e9s en Alg\u00e9rie, au Maroc et en Libye. L'intention initiale de ses fondateurs \u00e9tait de former des pilotes pour l'ex\u00e9cution de missions suicides contre des cibles strat\u00e9giques en Isra\u00ebl. Cependant ces projets sont abandonn\u00e9s et le groupe sera exploit\u00e9 en coordination avec les forces a\u00e9riennes d'autres pays arabes dans leur guerre contre Isra\u00ebl.  \n\nLe 22 juillet 1968, le FPLP d\u00e9tourne un avion El Al et le redirige vers l'Alg\u00e9rie. La prise d'otage palestinienne des passagers du vol dure 39 jours, l'une des plus longues de l'histoire du piratage a\u00e9rien. Le FPLP produit un incident international. Les autorit\u00e9s alg\u00e9riennes prennent les otages et en lib\u00e8re 19 puis encore 10 deux jours plus tard. Tandis que les autorit\u00e9s alg\u00e9riennes refusent de lib\u00e9rer les sept derniers otages et cinq membres de l'\u00e9quipage, le FPLP exige la lib\u00e9ration d'un millier de fedayin prisonniers. Isra\u00ebl demande des actions aux Nations unies et menace d'intervenir militairement pour lib\u00e9rer les otages. L'association internationale des pilotes menace de boycotter les vols vers l'Alg\u00e9rie, l'Italie tente une m\u00e9diation et la pression augmente en Isra\u00ebl alors que le 29 septembre, une patrouille isra\u00e9lienne est victime d'une embuscade palestinienne dans le Sina\u00ef (deux morts et un isra\u00e9lien est kidnapp\u00e9). Finalement apr\u00e8s des pressions, le 1 septembre Isra\u00ebl lib\u00e8re 16 prisonniers fedayin et l'Alg\u00e9rie lib\u00e8re les otages.\n\nDe nombreux piratages a\u00e9riens suivent : Deux jours apr\u00e8s la No\u00ebl de 1968, le FPLP tue un passager et en blesse deux \u00e0 l'a\u00e9roport d'Ath\u00e8nes, le 18 f\u00e9vrier 1969, un autre passager est tu\u00e9 \u00e0 Zurich et quatre autres sont bless\u00e9s \u00e0 nouveau par le FPLP puis un nouveau piratage a\u00e9rien d'envergure est men\u00e9 par la terroriste Le\u00efla Khaled aboutissant \u00e0 la prise en otage de deux passagers pendant 6 semaines jusqu'\u00e0 leur \u00e9change contre deux soldats syriens. Ces attentats sont suivis par une attaque \u00e0 la grenade \u00e0 Munich laissant deux morts et une autre \u00e0 Ath\u00e8nes tuant un enfant de quatre ans.\n\nLes attentats du FPLP, visent \u00e0 terroriser les passagers isra\u00e9liens, mais aussi les touristes qui se rendent en Isra\u00ebl, de d\u00e9t\u00e9riorer l'\u00e9conomie isra\u00e9lienne et d'isoler le pays.\nSelon Bruce Hoffman, l'\u00e8re moderne du terrorisme transnational, remonte au d\u00e9tournement du vol El Al le 22 juillet 1968, par le FPLP. Apr\u00e8s quarante jours de n\u00e9gociations, Isra\u00ebl est contraint de c\u00e9der aux demandes des preneurs d'otages. Le nombre d'attaques terroristes transnationales \u00e0 consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9 apr\u00e8s cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement. La violence contre Isra\u00ebl augmente alors m\u00eame que le pays subit une pression internationale pour faire des concessions aux terroristes palestiniens. \n\nL'une des caract\u00e9ristiques sp\u00e9cifiques du terrorisme palestinien \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque, est que les attentats sont organis\u00e9s dans le monde entier, les organisations terroristes ne se limitent pas au territoire de la Palestine. Les attentats jusqu'aux ann\u00e9es 1980, repr\u00e9sentent alors un enjeu symbolique et publicitaire de la cause palestinienne. Sont men\u00e9s alors des op\u00e9rations spectaculaires de \u00ab terrorisme publicitaire \u00bb contre des cibles occidentales.\nLa combinaison de l'effet spectaculaire de l'attentat et la couverture t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e attire une \u00ab sympathie \u00bb pour les preneurs d'otages. Georges Habache d\u00e9crit l'efficacit\u00e9 du piratage a\u00e9rien dans une interview de 1970 : \u00ab Lorsque nous d\u00e9tournons un avion, cela a plus d'effet que si nous tuons une centaine d'Isra\u00e9liens au combat \u00bb. Et il ajoute une motivation : \u00ab Il [le monde] nous a simplement ignor\u00e9. Au moins le monde parle de nous aujourd'hui \u00bb.\n\nLa p\u00e9riode de 1968 \u00e0 1970, conna\u00eet plus de 140 attaques men\u00e9es contre des cibles en Isra\u00ebl: principalement des infiltrations de cellules terroristes, embuscades, fusillades dans les localit\u00e9s juives ainsi que des poses d'explosifs, ao\u00fbt 2010. \u00c0 cela s'ajoute, 33 attaques men\u00e9es contre des cibles de l'aviation.\n\nLe 22 f\u00e9vrier 1970 marque une augmentation du terrorisme, alors que deux bombes sont pos\u00e9es sur deux avions en route pour Isra\u00ebl, l'avion Austrian Airlines parvient \u00e0 faire atterrir l'avion endommag\u00e9 tandis que le vol Swiss Air 330, se crashe sur Zurich faisant 47 morts. La m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, la bombe pos\u00e9e dans un cin\u00e9ma de Tel Aviv par Fatma Bernawi est le premier attentat palestinien meurtrier \u00e0 \u00eatre m\u00e9diatis\u00e9 dans le monde selon Gilles Ferragu.\n\nLe front populaire d\u00e9tourne des avions am\u00e9ricains \u00e0 Zarka en septembre 1970 et garde en otage des centaines d'occidentaux. \u00c0 la suite de ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements, la Jordanie r\u00e9prime les organisations palestiniennes. Les 20 000 fedayin entretenus par la Jordanie entrent en conflit avec le gouvernement, un conflit qui co\u00fbtera la vie \u00e0 des milliers de personnes. En 1971, l'arm\u00e9e jordanienne tue et fait fuir les derniers d'entre eux. La Syrie devient ainsi le nouveau centre du terrorisme palestinien, avec comme op\u00e9rations, des colis pi\u00e9g\u00e9s, des d\u00e9tournements d'avions et des tueries. \u00c0 la suite de ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements \u00e9merge le groupe terroriste septembre noir, qui va fa\u00e7onner le terrorisme palestinien. Le Fatah cr\u00e9e l'organisation, qui suit l'initiative du FPLP en \u00e9tendent ses op\u00e9rations terroristes au-del\u00e0 du Moyen-Orient. Ali Hassan Salameh, l'un des fondateurs de l'organisation Septembre noir, d\u00e9crit les objectifs du terrorisme palestinien \u00e0 ce moment : \u00ab on nous rejetait dans l'obscurit\u00e9 - une terrible obscurit\u00e9. Il fallait que nous en sortions (...). Nous sommes sortis de l'ombre pour dire au monde : Nous existons toujours, m\u00eame si vous nous avez temporairement chass\u00e9s de Jordanie. \u00bb.\n\nLe 28 novembre 1971, par vengeance, le Premier ministre jordanien Wasfi Tal est assassin\u00e9 au Caire et les diplomates jordaniens sont pris pour cible.\nLe Sud Liban devient la base arri\u00e8re du Fatah et d'autres organisations palestiniennes, qui attaquent et bombardent les villages isra\u00e9liens frontaliers, tuent des villageois (dans certains cas par des tirs de lance-roquettes) et d\u00e9truisent \u00e9galement les champs agricoles isra\u00e9liens. Des camps d'entra\u00eenement sont cr\u00e9\u00e9s pour  terroristes dont  volontaires libyens et syriens. Selon David Ma\u00efmon, la bande de Gaza conna\u00eet quant \u00e0 elle, une diminution des attaques du fait \u00e0 la fois des op\u00e9rations de l'arm\u00e9e r\u00e9guli\u00e8re isra\u00e9lienne et \u00e0 la fois gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la reconstruction et \u00e0 la r\u00e9novation par Isra\u00ebl des infrastructures civiles.\n\n\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1970, le terrorisme palestinien devient la premi\u00e8re cause de terrorisme en Europe. Mise \u00e0 part les attentats terroristes \u00e9chou\u00e9s, de nombreux attentats n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 report\u00e9s dans la presse par peur de repr\u00e9sailles. Beaucoup de pays europ\u00e9ens ont en effet emprisonn\u00e9 des terroristes palestiniens. Le terrorisme palestinien est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sous-estim\u00e9, tandis que la pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 commettre des attentats dans des pays occidentaux reste constante. Les motivations d'attentats sur le sol europ\u00e9en sont difficiles \u00e0 d\u00e9cerner. Certains chercheurs voient l'Europe comme \u00e9tant la sc\u00e8ne des disputes moyen-orientaux. Alexander et Pluchinsky d\u00e9crivent quatre types d'objectifs ; l'intention de faire taire ou intimider des dissidents politiques ; faire pression sur des \u00c9tats, pour changer ses actions et ses politiques ; la revanche contre des individus ou des \u00c9tats ; ainsi que la demande de lib\u00e9ration de prisonniers.\n\nDans les ann\u00e9es 1970, l'Union sovi\u00e9tique somme le FPLP d'abandonner les d\u00e9tournements d'avions, s'opposant \u00e0 cette m\u00e9thode terroriste. En f\u00e9vrier 1972, apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9tournement d'un avion Lufthansa, par Wadi Haddad qui exige une ran\u00e7on de 5 millions de dollars et la lib\u00e9ration de d\u00e9tenus en Allemagne, ce dernier se fait exclure de l'organisation. Ce dernier maintient des relations avec Georges Habache, devient autonome et gr\u00e2ce aux ran\u00e7ons, finance ses autres op\u00e9rations. Il organise notamment le 30 mai 1972, la tuerie de l'a\u00e9roport de Lod qui fait 27 victimes, principalement des p\u00e8lerins portoricains. Dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, les auteurs de l'attentat sont d\u00e9crits \u00ab comme de v\u00e9ritables h\u00e9ros nationaux \u00bb.\nLe Fatah quant \u00e0 lui, se lance dans des attaques et des sabotages en Jordanie et le 8 mai, un avion de la Sabena rempli de passagers est pris en otage. Dans la r\u00e9gion du Hermon, le 19 juin, l'attaque d'un commando d'Ahmad Jibril contre un autobus touristique faisant 4 bless\u00e9s, d\u00e9stabilise la fronti\u00e8re isra\u00e9lo-libanaise et isra\u00e9lo-syrienne.\n\nEn Europe, une campagne de propagande du FPLP et du Fatah, associe les op\u00e9rations palestiniennes \u00e0 la guerre du Vietnam, en particulier gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des associations \u00e9tudiantes.\nLe 4 ao\u00fbt, le Fatah commet un attentat \u00e0 Trieste, en Italie, contre des r\u00e9servoirs de p\u00e9trole, et affirme que l'attentat est : \u00ab dans le cadre des attaques contre les ennemis de la r\u00e9volution palestinienne et des int\u00e9r\u00eats imp\u00e9rialistes qui soutiennent le sionisme \u00bb.\n\nLe contre-terrorisme isra\u00e9lien lance une campagne d'assassinats cibl\u00e9s contre les dirigeants des organisations palestiniennes. La direction du Fatah r\u00e9active l'organisation Septembre noir et celle-ci orchestre un attentat contre les athl\u00e8tes olympiques isra\u00e9liens \u00e0 Munich. L'attentat galvanise le soutien palestinien aux organisations terroristes et des milliers d'entre eux rejoignent des groupes terroristes.\n\nEn r\u00e9action, Isra\u00ebl lance diverses op\u00e9rations contre les infrastructures et les dirigeants des organisations palestiniennes, au Liban, en Libye et ailleurs.\n\nD'apr\u00e8s Helena Cobban, ce n'est qu'apr\u00e8s le massacre de Munich, que le Fatah s'\u00e9loigne progressivement du terrorisme.\n\nLe  mars 1973, l'ambassade saoudienne de Khartoum est attaqu\u00e9e par un commando palestinien. 10 diplomates sont pris en otage, puis l'ambassadeur am\u00e9ricain est assassin\u00e9 ainsi qu'un diplomate am\u00e9ricain et un diplomate belge. Cette attaque va augmenter la pression sur le Fatah pour s'\u00e9loigner du terrorisme international.\n\nAvec l\u2019aide des services irakiens, Abou Nidal est cr\u00e9\u00e9e par Sabri al-Banna, en liaison avec Abd al-Ghafur bas\u00e9 en Libye.\n\nLe 28 septembre 1973, deux membres de l'organisation Sa\u2018iqa, font 3 otages juifs et un otage autrichien dans un train de Tch\u00e9coslovaquie vers l'Autriche transportant des \u00e9migrants juifs sovi\u00e9tiques. Le gouvernement autrichien c\u00e8de aux demandes des terroristes, ce qu'Isra\u00ebl per\u00e7oit comme une victoire diplomatique du terrorisme palestinien.\n\nWadie Haddad pr\u00f4ne un terrorisme internationalis\u00e9, spectaculaire et s'appuyant sur des liens avec l'extr\u00eame gauche radicale occidentale. Il s'associe avec le mercenaire Illich Ramirez Sanchez, connu comme Carlos. Ce dernier commet de nombreux attentats en Europe, comme l'attentat du drugstore de Saint-Germain \u00e0 Paris le 15 septembre 1974.\n\nZehdi Lahib Terzi, repr\u00e9sentant de l'OLP comme observateur aux Nations unies, reconna\u00eet dans une interview de 1976 que \u00ab les premiers pirates de l'air ont \u00e9veill\u00e9 la conscience du monde et ont \u00e9veill\u00e9 les m\u00e9dias et l'opinion mondiale beaucoup plus et plus efficacement que 20 ans de plaidoirie aux Nations Unies \u00bb.\n\nApr\u00e8s la guerre du Kippour ( 1973-1987 ) \n\nL'OLP passe d'une organisation consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme terroriste par Isra\u00ebl et l'Occident, \u00e0 un partenaire pour des n\u00e9gociations. Yasser Arafat d\u00e9veloppe en 1973 l'id\u00e9e d'un \u00c9tat sur les territoires occup\u00e9s, tout en n'abandonnant pas l'id\u00e9e de la \u00ab Lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine \u00bb, la conqu\u00eate de l'\u00c9tat d'Isra\u00ebl. En 1974, \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence de Rabat, la Ligue arabe d\u00e9cide que l'OLP est le seul repr\u00e9sentant des Palestiniens. \n\nD'avril \u00e0 d\u00e9cembre 1974, 59 Isra\u00e9liens sont tu\u00e9s, principalement des civils, dont de nombreux enfants en particulier lors du massacre de Ma'alot et le massacre de Kiryat Shmona. De 1974 \u00e0 1975, la plupart des infiltrations sont arr\u00eat\u00e9s par les soldats isra\u00e9liens. Ils parviennent n\u00e9anmoins \u00e0 prendre en otage l'h\u00f4tel Savoy et \u00e0 tuer les otages (dont des touristes europ\u00e9ens) et \u00e0 bombarder les villages isra\u00e9liens par 170 roquettes.\nLe Liban de 1975 \u00e0 1982 devient le sanctuaire et la plaque tournante pour les entra\u00eenements paramilitaires des groupes palestiniens et d'autres groupes terroristes, en particulier pour la fabrication d'explosifs.\n\nDurant la guerre civile libanaise, l'OLP joue un r\u00f4le dans les violences contre les chr\u00e9tiens, et continue ses attentats en Isra\u00ebl comme le massacre du 11 mars d'un bus isra\u00e9lien par un terroriste de l'OLP, qui co\u00fbte la vie \u00e0 39 civils. Comme massacre commis par l'OLP au Liban, le massacre de Damour laisse plus de 500 morts principalement des civils chr\u00e9tiens. Comme massacre du Fatah avec As-Saiqa, le massacre de Aishiyeh laisse plus de 70 morts civils chr\u00e9tiens.\n\nL'OLP tue \u00e9galement 80 personnes lors de l'attentat de 1978 contre le QG de l'organisation terroriste rivale pro-iraquienne Front de Lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine.\n\nLe 11 mars 1978, le Fatah commet un attentat contre un autobus civil en direction de Ha\u00effa en r\u00e9action des accords de Camp David, initiant une paix isra\u00e9lo-\u00e9gyptienne. Affichant sa volont\u00e9 de faire \u00e9chouer les accords de paix, Yasser Arafat reconna\u00eet en juillet 1978 dans une interview \u00e0 Al Hawadith, avoir commandit\u00e9 cet attentat.\n\nEn 1978, des terroristes palestiniens tentent de perturber l'\u00e9conomie isra\u00e9lienne en mena\u00e7ant d'injecter du mercure dans les oranges isra\u00e9liennes export\u00e9es \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger.\n\nLe 22 avril 1979, Samir Kuntar et trois autres membres du Front de lib\u00e9ration de la Palestine, infiltre la ville de Nahariya par bateau et commettent un attentat qui tue quatre civils, dont un p\u00e8re et sa fille. Le p\u00e8re est tu\u00e9 \u00e0 bout portant devant sa fille puis noy\u00e9 dans la mer pour s'assurer qu'il \u00e9tait mort. Ensuite, selon la preuve m\u00e9dico-l\u00e9gale et le t\u00e9moignage de la cour des t\u00e9moins oculaires, la fillette est tu\u00e9e par Samir Kuntar, qui brise son cr\u00e2ne contre les rochers avec la crosse de son fusil. Avec les circonstances du meurtre de la fillette, l'attentat est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'un des plus brutales du terrorisme palestinien.\n\nLe , des terroristes du Front de lib\u00e9ration arabe prennent en otage un groupe de b\u00e9b\u00e9s et de jeunes enfants dans une cr\u00e8che \u00e0 Misgav Am. Un enfant de deux ans est assassin\u00e9, le gardien de la cr\u00e8che ainsi qu'un soldat durant l'op\u00e9ration de secours. En r\u00e9action Isra\u00ebl m\u00e8ne une op\u00e9ration contre une infrastructure terroriste au Liban.\n\nL'organisation terroriste la plus organis\u00e9e, la mieux financ\u00e9e et la plus active au monde des ann\u00e9es 1970 et 1980 \u00e9tait l'organisation palestinienne Abou Nidal. Elle \u00e9tait la plus active dans les ann\u00e9es 1980 et le 27 d\u00e9cembre 1985, elle commet un double attentat \u00e0 Rome et \u00e0 Vienne tuent 17 personnes et en blesse plus de 100. Le 5 septembre 1986, elle commet le massacre de 22 fid\u00e8les d'une synagogue \u00e0 Istanbul et le massacre de 22 passagers du vol Pan Am 73 \u00e0 Karachi apr\u00e8s l'\u00e9chec des n\u00e9gociations.\n\nDurant cette p\u00e9riode appara\u00eet \u00e9galement une faction du FLP, sous Abu Abbas, qui se fait conna\u00eetre en utilisant des parapentes et des montgolfi\u00e8res dans des attaques contre Isra\u00ebl. Le groupe attire l'attention internationale avec le d\u00e9tournement du navire de plaisance Achille Lauro, durant lequel un Juif am\u00e9ricain handicap\u00e9 est jet\u00e9 par-dessus bord. Le PLF qui d\u00e9buta comme un groupe la\u00efc et marxiste, se fragmente rapidement en trois factions, une pro-syrienne, une pro-libyenne et une pro-Yasser Arafat. Cette derni\u00e8re qui \u00e9tait la plus significative, \u00e9tait celle dirig\u00e9e par Muhammad (Abu) Abbas.\n\nDe 1980 \u00e0 1982, 39 civils sont tu\u00e9s sur le sol europ\u00e9en et dans un attentat \u00e0 la bombe de Nairobi, principalement ciblant des Juifs. En 1982 l'OLP continue ses bombardements des villages isra\u00e9liens et Isra\u00ebl envahit le Liban et expulse l'organisation du pays. La d\u00e9faite de l'OLP en 1982 et son expulsion de Beyrouth, permet \u00e0 l'Iran de remplir le vide. Les islamistes palestiniens (dont le Jihad islamique) sont influenc\u00e9s par le Hezbollah qui introduit l'attentat-suicide \u00e0 la bombe : \u00ab Les actes de terreur encouragent les islamistes palestiniens et l\u2019absence de consensus national en Isra\u00ebl est pris comme un exemple de faiblesse \u00bb. \u00c0 la suite de la guerre, les Palestiniens gagnent de la sympathie internationale alors que la presse internationale t\u00e9moigne de violences dont ils ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 les victimes. Pour Salim Tamari, le si\u00e8ge de l'OLP marque l'\u00e9mergence d'une id\u00e9ologie du triumphalisme religieux chez les Palestiniens.\n\nLes attaques contre des cibles europ\u00e9ennes, mais aussi en Australie, augmentent apr\u00e8s la destruction des camps paramilitaires du Liban par Isra\u00ebl, en 1982. Selon Nathalie Cettina ce terrorisme transnational avait pour but principal de la propagande.\n\nEn 1983, le terrorisme palestinien s'en prend \u00e9galement aux troupes occidentales d\u00e9ploy\u00e9es au Liban, avec des attentats suicides qui causent la mort de 241 soldats am\u00e9ricains et 54 soldats fran\u00e7ais. Ces derniers d\u00e9cident de retirer leurs troupes du pays.\n\nEn 1985 Isra\u00ebl accepte la lib\u00e9ration de 1150 terroristes palestiniens de ses prisons, dont de nombreux condamn\u00e9s pour des homicides, en \u00e9change de trois soldats captifs du Front Jibril. Certains d'entre eux avaient alors adopt\u00e9 les enseignements islamiques de Assad Bayoud al-Tamimi et form\u00e8rent la premi\u00e8re faction du Jihad islamique apr\u00e8s leurs sorties de prison.\n\nSelon Ann Lesch, jusqu'en 1985, les Palestiniens ne se r\u00e9voltent pas contre l'occupation des territoires de la Cisjordanie et de la bande de Gaza par l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne.\n\nDurant la premi\u00e8re Intifada (1987-1993)\nD\u00e8s la fin de l'ann\u00e9e 1987, une vague de r\u00e9volte d\u00e9nomm\u00e9e intifada, s'en prend \u00e9galement aux civils isra\u00e9liens qui sont victimes de jets de pierres, de cocktail Molotov (et aussi de grenades) ainsi que des attaques au couteau. Plus de 528 palestiniens sont ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s sommairement \u00e0 la suite d'accusations de collaboration avec Isra\u00ebl. La Premi\u00e8re Intifada est per\u00e7ue comme une r\u00e9action symbolique \u00e0 l'humiliation musulmane et conna\u00eet un \u00e9cho important dans le monde musulman.  \nDe plus, elle est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par de nombreux champs et des for\u00eats (principalement en Isra\u00ebl) qui sont br\u00fbl\u00e9s par des militants palestiniens. L'Intifada voit aussi la cr\u00e9ation de l'organisation islamiste, Hamas. Des tracts distribu\u00e9s pendant la premi\u00e8re Intifada illustrent la doctrine du groupe, titr\u00e9s : \u00ab Palestine islamique de la mer [m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e] \u00e0 la rivi\u00e8re [du Jourdain] \u00bb.\n\nL'accident de voiture entre un v\u00e9hicule militaire isra\u00e9lien et un autre v\u00e9hicule palestinien le 8 d\u00e9cembre 1987, est utilis\u00e9 comme motif \u00e0 l'\u00ab Intifada \u00bb par les Palestiniens, y voyant une vengeance du meurtre d'un vendeur isra\u00e9lien deux jours auparavant .\n\nLa figure de l'Intifada Abou Jihad, panarabe et pan-islamiste, vise \u00e0 importer l'intifada au Caire et \u00e0 Amman et inqui\u00e8te les \u00c9tats arabes voisins. Il commet de nombreux actes de terrorisme et sera assassin\u00e9 par Isra\u00ebl en 1988.\n\nLe 14 d\u00e9cembre 1988, sous la pression am\u00e9ricaine et par l'interm\u00e9diaire de la Su\u00e8de, Yasser Arafat accepte la condition pos\u00e9e par Isra\u00ebl : la condamnation du terrorisme \u00ab sous toutes ses formes \u00bb et le choix de \u00ab vivre pacifiquement au c\u00f4t\u00e9 d'Isra\u00ebl \u00bb. Ce dernier d\u00e9clare officiellement aux Nations unies qu'il \u00ab renonce \u00e0 toutes formes de terrorisme \u00bb. \nLe m\u00eame mois, le FPLP-CG s'implique dans l'explosion du vol Pan Am 103 au-dessus de Lockerbie.\n\nL'attentat du 6 juillet 1989, par un membre du Jihad islamique, est retenu comme le premier attentat-suicide palestinien. Cependant ce dernier n'\u00e9tait pas \u00e9quip\u00e9 d'une ceinture explosive et survit \u00e0 son attentat, mais aurait planifi\u00e9 son suicide lors de celui-ci. Le Hamas commencera sa campagne d'attentats-suicides par la suite, qui deviendra sa principale tactique.\n\nLe d\u00e9but du processus de paix dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 r\u00e9sulte par une augmentation du terrorisme, en particulier par les groupes radicaux palestiniens qui rejettent les compromis de l'OLP avec Isra\u00ebl. L'attentat-suicide devient le type d'attentat le plus populaire et le plus pratiqu\u00e9.\n\nLe Hamas gagne en popularit\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1980 et au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 cette politique. Avec l'arriv\u00e9e des attentats suicides, Arafat perd en popularit\u00e9. Selon l'acad\u00e9micien palestinien Khalil Shikaki, l'Intifada fut exploit\u00e9e par des jeunes fanatiques et en vue d'affaiblir la vieille garde palestinienne\n\nLors de l'invasion du Kowe\u00eft, Saddam Hussein affirme vouloir d\u00e9fendre la cause palestinienne et l'OLP lui offre son soutien. En r\u00e9action les \u00c9tats du golfe persique menacent de couper leurs soutiens financiers \u00e0 l'organisation.\n\nLes groupes palestiniens adoptent la m\u00eame proc\u00e9dure que celle du Hezbollah : \u00ab s\u00e9lection d'un candidat, entrainement et pr\u00e9paration psychologique, r\u00e9daction d'une lettre d'adieu et r\u00e9alisation d'une vid\u00e9o avant l'attentat \u00bb. Fathi Shiqaqi, dirigeant du Jihad islamique, avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 un plan de martyr, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par des bombes humaines et inspir\u00e9 par la justification th\u00e9ologique du Hezbollah. Pour Jeffrey William Lewis, les terroristes palestiniens se sont aussi inspir\u00e9 du Hezbollah dans leur exploitation des m\u00e9dias apr\u00e8s leurs attentats.\nLe Jihad islamique commet des attaques au couteau durant l'Intifada, et plus tard commet une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d'attentats-suicides et d'attaques terroristes, comme en f\u00e9vrier 1990, l'attentat contre un autobus touristique en \u00c9gypte, tuant 9 touristes isra\u00e9liens. Le groupe lance des raids contre les villages en Isra\u00ebl et menace des cibles am\u00e9ricaines.\n\nEn octobre 1990, des centaines de Palestiniens sortent de la mosqu\u00e9e al-Aqsa lancent des pierres contre les p\u00e8lerins juifs priant au mur des Lamentations et contre les policiers isra\u00e9liens des lieux, qui abattent durant l'attaque 18 militants. Certains consid\u00e8rent cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement comme le premier attentat-suicide. Le Hamas appelle au Jihad et un terroriste palestinien tue trois Juifs avec un couteau de boucher dans la vielle ville. En 1991, le Hamas cr\u00e9e sa branche militaire Izz al-Din al-Qassam et commence \u00e0 ex\u00e9cuter des Palestiniens accus\u00e9s de collaboration et par la suite lance une campagne de voitures pi\u00e9g\u00e9es. Fin 1992 le Hamas lance sa campagne organis\u00e9e de terrorisme.\n\nSelon Shaul Mishal et Avraham Sela, l'expulsion de 415 activistes islamiques au Liban par Isra\u00ebl en d\u00e9cembre 1992, joua un r\u00f4le significatif dans la d\u00e9cision du Hamas de mener une nouvelle campagne terroriste caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par les attentats \u00e0 la voiture pi\u00e9g\u00e9e et les attentats suicides. En outre l'expulsion de la direction du Hamas ne mena pas \u00e0 la dissolution de l'organisation, alors qu'elle est remplac\u00e9e par les plus jeunes militants, plus orient\u00e9s sur la violence jihadiste, que sur l'islamisation de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.\n\nAu cours du processus de paix \nLe d\u00e9but du processus de paix dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 r\u00e9sulte par une augmentation du terrorisme, en particulier par les groupes radicaux palestiniens qui rejettent les compromis de l'OLP avec Isra\u00ebl. L'attentat-suicide devient le type d'attentat le plus populaire et le plus pratiqu\u00e9.\nLe Hamas gagne en popularit\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1980 et au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 cette politique. Avec l'arriv\u00e9e des attentats suicides, Arafat perd en popularit\u00e9. Selon l'acad\u00e9micien palestinien Khalil Shikaki, l'Intifada fut exploit\u00e9e par des jeunes fanatiques et en vue d'affaiblir la vieille garde palestinienne.\n\nLes groupes islamistes augmentent leurs attentats alors que le processus de paix progresse. Les deux groupes islamistes, Hamas et Jihad islamique, sont responsables de 65 morts et 390 bless\u00e9s isra\u00e9liens en 1993, particulier par des attentats-suicides \u00e0 la bombe, comme l'attaque du 4 octobre contre un autobus.\n\nEn 1993 les accords d'Oslo sont sign\u00e9s avec l'OLP pour mettre un terme au terrorisme et accepter une autorit\u00e9 palestinienne. Le Hamas refuse l'accord et augmente son nombre d'attentats. Le Hamas organise trois attentats dans le mois de la signature des accords d'Oslo, tuant 26 personnes. Le Hamas justifie ces attaques d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9es contre des civils \u00e0 son public par la notion islamique d'\u00ab un \u0153il pour un \u0153il \u00bb. Les accords d'Oslo sont probl\u00e9matiques pour le Hamas et le Jihad islamique alors que les accords vont \u00e0 l'encontre de leur projet d'un \u00c9tat islamique sur l'ensemble de la \u00ab Palestine historique \u00bb, y compris le territoire d'Isra\u00ebl. Secondement les accords offrent au Fatah un statut dominant dans les institutions de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne.\nL'objectif de polariser (ou repolariser) le conflit par certaines factions palestiniennes fut une r\u00e9ussite. \u00c0 cela s'ajoute en Isra\u00ebl, la remise en question de la sinc\u00e9rit\u00e9 d'Arafat, alors qu'il r\u00e9f\u00e8re dans diff\u00e9rents discours en arabe : au jihad, au droit au retour inconditionnel et \u00e0 l'\u00e9pisode islamique de l'armistice de Khudaybiyya, per\u00e7u par les islamistes comme une tactique de compromis avec les infid\u00e8les.\n\nLe premier attentat-suicide \u00e0 la bombe est organis\u00e9 le 16 avril 1993, en faisant exploser une voiture pi\u00e9g\u00e9e entre deux autobus isra\u00e9liens. Les attentats-suicides sont par la suite men\u00e9s principalement contre des cibles civiles et plus rarement contre des cibles militaires, causant de nombreuses victimes et visent \u00e9galement \u00e0 d\u00e9moraliser la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 isra\u00e9lienne Entre 1993 et 1999, 21 attentats-suicides sont men\u00e9s. L'attentat-suicide contre des \u00e9coliers durant le Yom HaShoah renforce le sentiment parmi la population que les attentats sont une continuation de l'antis\u00e9mitisme contre le peuple Juif. Deux attentats-suicides se d\u00e9roulent durant la festivit\u00e9 de Pourim \u00e0 Tel Aviv, une f\u00eate c\u00e9l\u00e9brant la survie du peuple juif et o\u00f9 beaucoup d'enfants sortent dans les rues d\u00e9guis\u00e9s.\n\nEn 1994, le Hamas tue 50 citoyens isra\u00e9liens et en blesse plus de 150. En janvier 20 soldats et un civil sont tu\u00e9s en Isra\u00ebl par deux kamikazes. Un autre attentat est commis le 6 avril 1994, tuant 8 personnes \u00e0 Afula. Rapidement suivi par d'autres attentats suicides : dans la ville de Hadera le 13 avril (5 civils tu\u00e9s), centre commercial de Tel Aviv en octobre (22 civils tu\u00e9s) et \u00e0 Netzarim (3 soldats tu\u00e9s). En octobre, le Hamas kidnappe un soldat isra\u00e9lien, et demande en \u00e9change de sa lib\u00e9ration, la lib\u00e9ration de Ahmed Yassin et 200 militants prisonniers en Isra\u00ebl. L'op\u00e9ration de secours se r\u00e9sulte par la mort de l'otage. Le 9, le Hamas ouvre le feu sur des passants dans les rues de J\u00e9rusalem et le 19, un kamikaze se fait sauter dans un bus de Tel Aviv, blessant plus de 48 personnes. \n\nEn avril, Kamal Kahil, dirigeant du Hamas, est assassin\u00e9 alors qu'il \u00e9tait recherch\u00e9 par Isra\u00ebl pour diff\u00e9rents attentats \u00e0 la bombe et par l'autorit\u00e9 palestinienne pour le meurtre de 16 personnes suspect\u00e9s d'\u00eatre collaborateurs. Le Hamas commet un double attentat-suicide \u00e0 la bombe qui tue 8 personnes, en justifiant cela comme \u00e9tant des repr\u00e9sailles.\n\nUne police palestinienne, au sein de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne, est cr\u00e9\u00e9e pour d\u00e9manteler les cellules terroristes islamistes et faire cesser les attentats. \n\nEn 1994, l'autorit\u00e9 palestinienne r\u00e9prime les groupes islamistes alors que ceux-ci violent les accords concernant la cessation du terrorisme. L'autorit\u00e9 palestinienne arr\u00eate 200 suspects, mais le Hamas continue sa campagne terroriste, avec notamment un attentat-suicide \u00e0 la bombe le 24 juillet qui tue 6 personnes dans un bus \u00e0 Tel Aviv, et un autre le 21 ao\u00fbt, avec le m\u00eame nombre de victimes. En novembre 1994, une confrontation \u00e9clate entre la police palestinienne et des partisans du Hamas, devant une mosqu\u00e9e \u00e0 Gaza, qui se r\u00e9sulte par la mort de 16 personnes et fait 200 bless\u00e9s. En r\u00e9action, Plusieurs centaines d'islamistes sont arr\u00eat\u00e9s, plac\u00e9s en prison avec leurs barbes ras\u00e9es. En juin 1995, Arafat parvient \u00e0 contracter un accord informel avec les islamistes pour mettre fin \u00e0 leurs attaques terroristes. La police palestinienne manifeste son manque de professionnalisme dans diff\u00e9rents \u00e9v\u00e9nements : En 1996, au cours de sa gestion d'une bagarre dans un stade de football \u00e0 Naplouse elle tue un supporter et en blessent deux autres, dans une dispute entre coll\u00e8gues une fille de 11 ans est abattue par erreur et des forces de l'ordre tirent sur des voitures. La police utilise \u00e9galement des m\u00e9thodes d'intimidation et de torture. De plus en juillet 1994 et en septembre 1996, la police palestinienne \u00e9change des tirs avec l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne.\n\nLes services de contre-terrorisme isra\u00e9liens, dont le Shin Bet, utilisent le recrutement d'informateurs palestiniens pour d\u00e9jouer les attentats. Selon le porte-parole de l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne, cette strat\u00e9gie a permis de d\u00e9jouer plus de 80 % des tentatives d'attentats. \nApr\u00e8s le processus d'Oslo, de nombreux informateurs palestiniens des services de contre-terrorisme isra\u00e9liens, sont contraints de s'installer en Isra\u00ebl, alors que l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne met en place une traque aux informateurs, mettent leur vie et celle de leur famille en danger de mort.\n\nLe Jihad islamique suit le Hamas dans les attentats suicides et en commet un \u00e0 Netanya le 22 janvier 1995 avec 20 morts.\n\nEn fin f\u00e9vrier, apr\u00e8s plusieurs mois de calme relatif et alors qu'Isra\u00ebl est en campagne \u00e9lectorale, le Hamas commet 5 attentats suicides majeurs qui tuent 59 personnes, en deux semaines : autobus publics, arr\u00eats de bus et le centre commercial Dizengoff de Tel Aviv. Cette s\u00e9rie d'attentats suicides de f\u00e9vrier \u00e0 mars, est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme l'une des pires p\u00e9riodes d'attentats en Isra\u00ebl, avec des sc\u00e8nes de carnages r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s dans ses zones ubraines et une souffrance exprim\u00e9e publiquement par la population du pays. Certains Palestiniens condamnent le \u00ab bain de sang \u00bb ainsi que certains th\u00e9ologiens islamiques. Des clous sont ajout\u00e9s aux explosifs causant de nombreuses blessures graves, choquant la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 isra\u00e9lienne\nEn particulier le 3 et le 4 mars 1996, 32 civils isra\u00e9liens sont tu\u00e9s \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem et \u00e0 Tel Aviv. \u00c0 Tel Aviv, le centre commercial Dizengoff est d\u00e9truit \u00e0 la bombe durant la festivit\u00e9 juive de Pourim, laissant 13 personnes mortes et 125 bless\u00e9es. En r\u00e9action l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne \u00e9tablie une zone tampon s\u00e9parant Isra\u00ebl de la Cisjordanie et l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne d\u00e9clare ses intentions de \u00ab coop\u00e9rer compl\u00e9tement avec Isra\u00ebl pour \u00e9liminer le terrorisme \u00bb. Dans les faits, l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne lance des op\u00e9rations polici\u00e8res dans des mosqu\u00e9es, centres islamiques et universit\u00e9s, arr\u00eatant des centaines de suspects.\n\nL'horreur des attentats favorise la victoire de Benyamin Netanyahu aux \u00e9lections contre Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s, tandis que l'impl\u00e9mentation des Accords d'Oslo est retard\u00e9e. Apr\u00e8s la s\u00e9rie d'attentats, Isra\u00ebl interdit l'acc\u00e8s aux Palestiniens \u00e0 son territoire, d\u00e9fendant une mesure pr\u00e9ventive et limit\u00e9 \u00e0 la dur\u00e9e de haut risque d'attentats, estimant en outre que l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne n'a pas agi pour faire cesser les attentats. Arafat accuse Isra\u00ebl de punition collective et de nuire aux droits \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires palestiniens. Le gouvernement isra\u00e9lien estime les plaintes d'Arafat, comme de la propagande pour donner la fausse impression de manque de m\u00e9dicaments et de nourriture, tandis qu'aucune restrictions ne concernent les marchandises entrant dans les territoires occup\u00e9s. \n\nLe Hamas justifie la continuation de ses attentats, alors qu'Israel continue sa guerre contre le terrorisme et impose des restrictions \u00e0 la population palestinienne. En particulier, les assassinats de deux terroristes responsables d'attentats-suicides, Fathi Shiqaqi en octobre 1995 (membre du Jihad islamique) ainsi que de Yahya Ayyash en janvier 1996 (membre d'Izz al-Din al-Qassam), sont utilis\u00e9s pour justifier une nouvelle s\u00e9rie d'attentats par ces organisations islamistes.\n\nD\u00e9but 1997, trois personnes sont tu\u00e9es et 48 sont bless\u00e9s par une bombe \u00e0 la terrasse d'un caf\u00e9 de Tel Aviv. En juillet, 16 personnes sont tu\u00e9es et 178 sont bless\u00e9es dans une attaque de grande envergure contre le march\u00e9 de J\u00e9rusalem. Une autre attaque \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem contre un centre commercial tue 5 personnes et en blesse 181.\n\nEn octobre 1998, diff\u00e9rentes tentatives d'attaques terroristes de grande envergure sont contrecarr\u00e9s gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la coop\u00e9ration entre les agences s\u00e9curitaires isra\u00e9liennes et celles de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne. Le Hamas ne rentre n\u00e9anmoins pas en confrontation directe avec l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne, mais \u00e0 la suite du d\u00e9c\u00e8s des fr\u00e8res Awadallah, dirigeants de l'organisation, le Hamas vise \u00e0 commettre de nouveaux attentats, qui seront justifi\u00e9s comme des repr\u00e9sailles au public palestinien.\n\nLes tensions augmentent avec la signature des accords de Wye Plantation le 23 octobre 1998, dans la semaine, un attentat suicide d'Izz al-Din al-Qassam contre un bus scolaire isra\u00e9lien transportant quarante \u00e9l\u00e8ves de primaire, est tent\u00e9 mais il est \u00e9pargn\u00e9 de justesse, le terroriste au volant d'une voiture remplie d'explosifs percute la jeep du soldat escortant les \u00e9l\u00e8ves. La semaine d'apr\u00e8s le Jihad islamique commet \u00e0 son tour une tentative d'attentat \u00e0 la bombe \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem. En r\u00e9action, l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne arr\u00eate des membres du Hamas conform\u00e9ment aux accords sign\u00e9s avec Isra\u00ebl.\n\nLe Hamas investit ses efforts dans ses mosqu\u00e9es et ses associations sociales, \u00e9ducatives et de la sant\u00e9. Le Hamas parvient ainsi \u00e0 \u00e9largir sa branche paramilitaire, le soutien moral dans la population palestinienne ainsi que le d\u00e9veloppement de son organisation interne.\n\nLe Hamas r\u00e9duit ses attentats durant les ann\u00e9es suivantes, avec deux kamikazes en ao\u00fbt et septembre 1996 et trois entre mars et septembre 1997. Au total 23 attentats-suicides entre 1994 et octobre 2000.\n\nSelon Bruce Hoffman, l'utilisation des attentats-suicides par le Hamas \u00e9tait calcul\u00e9, utilisant cette m\u00e9thode peu co\u00fbteuse et efficace selon les terroristes. En r\u00e9action, les assassinats cibl\u00e9s sont utilis\u00e9s pour faire face au probl\u00e8me du d\u00e9veloppement de l'infrastructure et de la production de mat\u00e9riaux explosifs, utilis\u00e9s pour les attentats-suicides.\nIsra\u00ebl adopte une combinaison de mesures face au terrorisme, certaines ciblant les terroristes individuellement, d'autres visant \u00e0 dissuader de commettre de nouveaux attentats : destruction des habitations des terroristes, imposition de couvre-feux sur des quartiers ou des localit\u00e9s, expulsion des terroristes, d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive de suspects et des proc\u00e9dures judiciaires.\n\nAttentats suicides du d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000 \n\nApr\u00e8s l'\u00e9chec du processus d'Oslo en juillet 2000, le dirigeant de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne Yasser Arafat, ainsi que les organisations terroristes palestiniennes appellent \u00e0 une nouvelle vague de violence contre Isra\u00ebl. Le grand mufti de J\u00e9rusalem, Ekrima Sa'id Sabri lance l'alerte :\u202f\u00ab Al Aqsa est en danger \u00bb, ce qui sert d'impulsion \u00e0 la vague de violence.\n\nD\u00e8s septembre 2000, c'est une nouvelle vague d'attentats qui cible principalement les civils isra\u00e9liens vivant dans les territoires occup\u00e9s et \u00e0 partir de 2001, ce sont les attentats-suicides dans les villes isra\u00e9liennes qui causent le plus de morts.\nLa p\u00e9riode de 2000 \u00e0 2005, voit une augmentation dramatique du nombre d'attentats-suicides. Plus de 525 attentats-suicides sont men\u00e9s dont 155 qui aboutissent. Le Fatah participe \u00e0 ces attentats, \u00e0 travers son organisation, Brigades des martyrs d'Al-Aqsa (en fran\u00e7ais). \n\nEn octobre 2000, le Hamas recommence une campagne d'attentats, avec un premier attentat \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem qui fait 15 morts. L'attentat-suicide est \u00e0 nouveau utilis\u00e9 comme un moyen de commettre des meurtres de masse et pour endommager la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 isra\u00e9lienne. Les attentats-suicides parviennent \u00e0 d\u00e9moraliser la population, paralyser les centres-villes et \u00e0 la d\u00e9pression \u00e9conomique des ann\u00e9es 2002-2003, De plus ils m\u00e8nent \u00e0 une radicalisation du public isra\u00e9lien et \u00e0 la victoire de la droite en 2001. Les meurtres de masse font le plus de victimes dans les lieux bond\u00e9s des centres-villes, comme les stations des transports en commun, les rues commer\u00e7antes, les restaurants, les caf\u00e9s, les march\u00e9s, les supermarch\u00e9s et centres commerciaux (Kfar Saba et Netanya) et les bo\u00eetes de nuit (Dolphinarium, Studio 49, Mike's Place et the Stage). Les groupes terroristes ciblent en particulier des endroits fr\u00e9quent\u00e9s par des enfants et des adolescents. \n\nAvec le temps, d'autres groupes terroristes palestiniens se lancent \u00e9galement dans les attentats suicides et utilisent le langage du Jihad, dont le FDLP, le FPLP, Brigades des martyrs d'Al-Aqsa et un nouveau groupe an-Nathir. Selon Benmelech et Berrebi, de 2002 \u00e0 2006, 31 % des attentats du Hamas, 27 % de ceux du Jihad islamique, 20 % de ceux du Fatah, 11 % de ceux du Tanzim, 5 % de ceux des Brigades des martyrs d'al-Aqsa et 1 % des autres groupes, sont des attentats-suicides.\nDe plus comme particularit\u00e9 de la comp\u00e9tition entre les diff\u00e9rents groupes, ceux-ci revendiquent fr\u00e9quemment les responsabilit\u00e9s des m\u00eames attentats. Par exemple, l'attentat \u00e0 la bombe contre un autobus du 17 juillet 2002 est revendiqu\u00e9 par pas moins de quatre groupes terroristes.\n\nPour Ismail Haniyeh, en mars 2002, les Palestiniens ont enfin trouv\u00e9 le point de faiblesse d'Isra\u00ebl. Avec des mots emprunt\u00e9s \u00e0 Ben Laden, il d\u00e9crit les Juifs comme \u00ab aimant la vie plus qu'aucun autre peuple, et ils pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent ne pas mourir \u00bb. Ahmed Yassine, leader spirituel du Hamas, d\u00e9crit le terrorisme comme une arme psychologique qui va \u00ab faire tomber les Isra\u00e9liens \u00e0 genoux \u00bb.\n\nLa Seconde Intifada adopte la forme d'une r\u00e9volte populaire durant les trois premiers mois durant lesquels Isra\u00ebl limite les pertes humaines en usant de m\u00e9thodes non-l\u00e9thales. Cependant apr\u00e8s cette p\u00e9riode le nombre de pertes augmente dramatiquement, tandis que les forces palestiniennes cr\u00e9\u00e9es sous les accords d'Oslo pour combattre le terrorisme, commencent \u00e0 tirer sur l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne depuis des groupes de lanceurs de pierres. Des techniques de guerrila et d'embuscades terroristes deviennent fr\u00e9quents sous la Brigade des Martyrs d'Al-Aqsa. Les attaques sont men\u00e9es contre les Juifs vivant dans les territoires occup\u00e9s et contre le trafic routier, utilisant des tireurs d'\u00e9lite, des engins explosifs improvis\u00e9s et des tirs de mortier. D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de 2001, les groupes terroristes palestiniens attaquent les civils isra\u00e9liens avec le nombre de victimes le plus important au d\u00e9but de 2002. D'octobre 2000 jusqu'\u00e0 la fin 2001, le Hamas organise 39 attentats-suicides. La p\u00e9riode la plus meurtri\u00e8re est organis\u00e9e en 2002 avec 59 attentats-suicides et avec des attentats \u00e9galement men\u00e9s par les Brigades des Martyrs d'Al-Aqsa.\n\nSelon la chercheuse Mia M. Bloom, d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de la Seconde Intifada, le Fatah d\u00e9cide d'utiliser les attentats-suicides alors que le groupe Hamas commence \u00e0 remettre en cause son h\u00e9g\u00e9monie et gagne en popularit\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 sa strat\u00e9gie d'attentats-suicides \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. Bien que le Fatah condamnait cette m\u00e9thode terroriste, le groupe d\u00e9cide tout de m\u00eame de l'adopter \u00e0 travers ses Brigades des martyrs d'Al-Aqsa, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 ses attentats \u00e0 l'arme \u00e0 feu et les \u00e9meutes violentes perdent en popularit\u00e9. Durant les six premiers mois de 2002, le Fatah parvient \u00e0 d\u00e9passer le Hamas en nombre d'attentats : Les Brigades des martyrs d'Al-Aqsa du Fatah ex\u00e9cutent plus d'attentats-suicides que l'ensemble des autres groupes terroristes palestiniens r\u00e9unis, y compris le Hamas.\n\nAu d\u00e9but de l'Intifada, pendant plusieurs semaines, le quartier de Gilo est victimes de tirs isol\u00e9s depuis le village chr\u00e9tien de Beit Jala, avant que l'arm\u00e9e d\u00e9cide d'intervenir.\n\nLe 9 ao\u00fbt 2000, la journaliste Jack Kelly de USA Today, pr\u00e9sent sur les lieux de l'attentat de la pizzeria Sbarro de J\u00e9rusalem, d\u00e9crit le d\u00e9roulement de l'\u00e9v\u00e9nement : \u00ab le souffle a envoy\u00e9 des fragments de chair humaine jusqu'aux balcons du deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tage, un p\u00e2t\u00e9 de maisons plus loin. Trois hommes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 catapult\u00e9s \u00e0 neuf m\u00e8tres. Leurs t\u00eates, arrach\u00e9es du corps, ont roul\u00e9 dans la rue couverte de d\u00e9bris de verre. Une femme avait au moins six clous plant\u00e9s dans le cou. Deux hommes g\u00e9missaient. Ses deux jambes \u00e9taient arrach\u00e9es, le sang coulait \u00e0 flots de son tronc. Une petite fille de trois ans, le visage couvert de verre, errait parmi les corps, appelant sa m\u00e8re. La m\u00e8re \u00e9tait morte. Un rabbin trouva une petite main plaqu\u00e9e sur une Subaru blanche en stationnement devant le restaurant \u00bb. Le massacre qui cause le plus de victimes est commis par le Hamas le 27 mars 2002 \u00e0 Netanya, contre une c\u00e9l\u00e9bration de Pessah organis\u00e9e pour les personnes sans familles pour c\u00e9l\u00e9brer la f\u00eate, dont de nombreux survivants de la Shoah. 30 personnes sont tu\u00e9es et 140 sont bless\u00e9es.\n\nLe 12 octobre 2000, une foule de Palestiniens envahie le commissariat de police de Ramallah et battent \u00e0 mort deux r\u00e9servistes isra\u00e9liens d\u00e9sarm\u00e9s. La foule applaudit pendant que l'un des corps est jet\u00e9 par la fen\u00eatre et lynch\u00e9 par la foule palestinienne. L'une des victimes est incendi\u00e9e et sa t\u00eate est \u00e9clat\u00e9e.  Peu de temps apr\u00e8s, les deux corps mutil\u00e9s sont tra\u00een\u00e9s pour \u00eatre expos\u00e9 sur la place Al-Manara dans le centre-ville accompagn\u00e9 d'une c\u00e9l\u00e9bration. L'incident provoque un choc de l'opinion publique isra\u00e9lienne, qui exige de son gouvernement plus de mesures contre le terrorisme palestinien.\n\nLe pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain George W. Bush, exprime en 2001 son irritation \u00e0 l'approche de Yasser Arafat concernant les attentats palestiniens contre les civils isra\u00e9liens. Il d\u00e9clare en r\u00e9action a ce qu'il per\u00e7oit comme un soutien tacite d'Arafat aux attentats : \u00ab Il n'y a pas de bon terroriste \u00bb.\n\nApr\u00e8s l'op\u00e9ration Rempart, le nombre d'attaques terroristes contre les civils isra\u00e9liens diminuent.\nDe juin 2002 \u00e0 mai 2003, l'arm\u00e9e met en place un plan pour contr\u00f4ler le mouvement des Palestiniens et faciliter l'appr\u00e9hension de terroristes : barrages routiers, monticules de terre, tranch\u00e9es et blocs de b\u00e9ton. Avec l'augmentation des violences et du terrorisme, les dirigeants isra\u00e9liens d\u00e9crivent dor\u00e9navant le terrorisme palestinien comme une \u00ab menace existentielle \u00bb.\n\nLe 26 janvier 2002, Yasser Arafat encourage \u00e0 la violence sur la cha\u00eene de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision officielle de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne : \u00ab Oui, fr\u00e8res, avec nos \u00e2mes et avec notre sang nous te d\u00e9livreront, \u00f4 Palestine. [\u2026] Allah est grand ! Gloire \u00e0 Allah et \u00e0 son proph\u00e8te ! Jihad, jihad, jihad, jihad, jihad ! [\u2026] Nous ne d\u00e9fendons pas la Palestine en tant que Palestiniens. Nous la d\u00e9fendons plut\u00f4t au nom de la nation arabe, au nom de la nation islamique \u00bb. En 2002, le Premier ministre isra\u00e9lien Ariel Sharon, rompt ses contacts avec l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne face a l'intensification des attentats citant l'adage : \u00ab On ne n\u00e9gocie pas avec les terroristes \u00bb. Cependant les n\u00e9gociations de paix continueront sous l'\u00e9gide des \u00c9tats-Unis en 2003. Isra\u00ebl \u00e9tablit des zones tampons avec la Samarie et commence la construction d'une barri\u00e8re pour mettre un terme au terrorisme. Sa construction est critiqu\u00e9e par les Palestiniens. La barri\u00e8re permet quant \u00e0 elle \u00e0 r\u00e9duire de 90 % le nombre d'attentats. Isra\u00ebl met \u00e9galement en place des \u00e9tapes pour le d\u00e9sengagement de la bande de Gaza et dans le nord de la Samarie.\n\nNovembre 2002 connait un attentat-suicide, tandis qu'aucun attentat-suicide n'est report\u00e9 en d\u00e9cembre et un seul en janvier 2003. 36 attentats-suicides sont contrecarr\u00e9s par les services de s\u00e9curit\u00e9s isra\u00e9liens. Cette diminution des attentats peut \u00eatre attribu\u00e9 \u00e0 l'arrestation de 150 potentiels kamikazes et l'arrestation de 6000 suspects d'activit\u00e9s terroristes ou d'affiliation \u00e0 un groupe identifi\u00e9 comme terroriste par Isra\u00ebl depuis le d\u00e9but de la campagne de violence.\n\nEn 2003, 26 attentats-suicides tuent 143 personnes et en 2004 12, tuant 55 personnes. \u00c0 partir de 2005, ce nombre descend en dessous de 10, 8 en 2005 et 6 en 2006.\n\nLe 20 juin 2003, alors que le secr\u00e9taire d'\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain, Colin Powell est \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem pour avancer la \u00ab Feuille de route \u00bb, le Hamas organise une embuscade contre une voiture circulant sur la route 60, tuant un Juif am\u00e9ricain et blessant les trois autres passagers am\u00e9ricains du v\u00e9hicule.\n\nLe Jihad islamique utilise \u00e9galement des femmes dans ses attentats-suicides d\u00e8s 2003, tandis que le Hamas qui rejetait cette option finit par reconna\u00eetre la responsabilit\u00e9 dans l'attentat d'une femme terroriste suicid\u00e9 en janvier 2004. \n\nIsra\u00ebl d\u00e9veloppe des moyens technologiques de contre-terrorisme. D\u00e8s les ann\u00e9es 1980, Isra\u00ebl utilise des v\u00e9hicules t\u00e9l\u00e9guid\u00e9s pour de la surveillance, et en 2004, Isra\u00ebl est le premier pays \u00e0 utiliser les drones pour \u00e9liminer des terroristes.\n\nDepuis 2005 \n\nEn 2005, Isra\u00ebl \u00e9vacue la bande de Gaza, et \u00e0 l'issue du conflit entre le Fatah et le Hamas, ce dernier prend contr\u00f4le du territoire. Le groupe islamiste Hamas augmente alors ses attaques \u00e0 la roquette et au mortier contre les civils isra\u00e9liens. Les villes les plus touch\u00e9es par les bombardements sont celles \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de la bande de Gaza, comme Sd\u00e9rot, Ashkelon, Netivot et Beer Sheva. Parall\u00e8lement, le groupe intensifie ses tentatives d'infiltration en Isra\u00ebl, qui aboutit par exemple \u00e0 l'enl\u00e8vement du soldat Gilad Shalit.\n\nEn 2006, Les Brigades des Martyrs d'al-Aqsa, la branche arm\u00e9e du Fatah, affirment d\u00e9tenir 20 types d'armes biologiques et chimiques apr\u00e8s trois ann\u00e9es d'efforts. Le groupe affirme sa volont\u00e9 de partager ses armes de destruction massive avec les groupes jihadistes de la bande de Gaza, le Hamas et le Jihad islamique. Pour Gary Ackermann et Jermey Tamselt, c'est menaces semblent faire partie d'une \u00ab guerre psychologique \u00bb.\n\nFace aux bombardements, Isra\u00ebl lance une op\u00e9ration militaire en 2009 contre le Hamas, ce qui aurait permis de r\u00e9duire le nombre d'attaques. Jusqu'\u00e0 2010, 32 civils isra\u00e9liens sont tu\u00e9s et 1396 sont bless\u00e9s par les bombardements.\n\n\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 2010, la presse isra\u00e9lienne rapporte une augmentation des attaques de \u00ab terrorisme populaire \u00bb qui font partie de la lutte politique et sont constitu\u00e9s de jets de pierres et de cocktails Molotov, de coups de couteau et dans certains cas tirs d'arme \u00e0 feu\n\nEn 2012, le nombre d'attaques terroristes en Cisjordanie passe de 320 en 2011 \u00e0 578.\n\nEn 2014, apr\u00e8s le meurtre de trois adolescents isra\u00e9liens par le Hamas, Isra\u00ebl lance une op\u00e9ration pour arr\u00eater les membres de l'organisation en Cisjordanie. En r\u00e9action le Hamas bombarde les villes isra\u00e9liennes, ce qui m\u00e8ne \u00e0 une guerre entre Isra\u00ebl et les groupes palestiniens de la bande de Gaza. La Cisjordanie conna\u00eet une vague d'\u00e9meutes et d'attaques palestiniennes comme le massacre de la synagogue de Har Nof.\n\nLe Hamas d\u00e9tient en captivit\u00e9 depuis 2014 et 2015, le Juif isra\u00e9lien d'origine \u00e9thiopienne Avera Mengistu et l'Isra\u00e9lien b\u00e9douin Hisham al-Sayed, tous deux souffrant de troubles de la sant\u00e9 mentale. Les Hamas d\u00e9tient \u00e9galement les d\u00e9pouilles de deux soldats isra\u00e9liens, Oron Shaul et Hadar Goldin, qui n\u00e9cessitent un enterrement conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi juive. Isra\u00ebl n\u00e9gocie la lib\u00e9ration de Palestiniens condamn\u00e9s pour terrorisme contre leurs lib\u00e9rations. En 2020, Ismail Haniyeh confirme les captivit\u00e9s sans divulguer les identit\u00e9s des captifs : \u00ab Nous avons quatre prisonniers \u00bb. L'ONG Human Rights Watch communique sur la situation des deux otages en mai 2017 et per\u00e7oit la capture de civils souffrant de troubles mentaux et n'ayant aucun lien avec les hostilit\u00e9s de \u00ab cruel et ind\u00e9fendable \u00bb. L'ONG Honestreporting, d\u00e9plore le manque de couverture m\u00e9diatique et d'int\u00e9r\u00eat humanitaire.\n\nEn 2015, les violences des \u00e9meutes avec l'arm\u00e9e ou la police isra\u00e9lienne, sont accompagn\u00e9es d'attaques au couteau et \u00e0 la voiture b\u00e9lier, et d\u00e8s novembre des attaques \u00e0 l'arme \u00e0 feu et des attentats-suicides. En mars 2016, la vague de violence diminue et il en r\u00e9sulte 37 Isra\u00e9liens et 3 ressortissants \u00e9trangers tu\u00e9s. \n\nLe 18 avril 2016, le Hamas organise un attentat \u00e0 la bombe dans un bus de J\u00e9rusalem et le 8 juin 2016, un attentat \u00e0 l'arme \u00e0 feu contre un caf\u00e9 de Tel Aviv.\n\nEn novembre 2016, des incendies volontaires sont men\u00e9s contre les for\u00eats isra\u00e9liennes d\u00e9truisant entre 20\u2013 d'espace vert et plus de 575 maisons. Selon l'investigation de la police isra\u00e9lienne plus de 90 % des feux de for\u00eat ont \u00e9t\u00e9 caus\u00e9s par des actes de terrorisme.\n\nSelon la police isra\u00e9lienne, en 2017, 17 Isra\u00e9liens meurent \u00e0 la suite d'attaques terroristes.\nFin mars 2018, le Hamas organise des manifestations et des \u00e9meutes contre la cl\u00f4ture militaire d'Isra\u00ebl situ\u00e9e le long de la bande de Gaza. Sous le couvert des \u00e9meutes, des infiltrations de groupes palestiniens et des tentatives de saboter la cl\u00f4ture sont men\u00e9es. Par la suite, des cerfs-volants et des ballons incendiaires ainsi que des EEI, sont utilis\u00e9s pour d\u00e9truire les champs et les for\u00eats en Isra\u00ebl et les EEI, comme mines antipersonnel de nature improvis\u00e9e.\n\nEn 2019, les principales attaques terroristes sont men\u00e9es contre des cibles isra\u00e9liennes en Cisjordanie.\n\nViolence entre groupes terroristes depuis 1967 \nLa violence entre groupes terroristes est une caract\u00e9ristique du terrorisme palestinien. Cependant les relations entre ces groupes ne sont pas uniquement caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par de la confrontation, par exemple le Fatah et le Hamas ont parfois collabor\u00e9 ensemble (Cordesman, 2006; Croitoru, 2007; Schanzer, 2008).\n\nAu milieu des ann\u00e9es 70, certaines factions de l\u2019OLP \u00e9tablissent une \u00e9troite collaboration avec des milices chiites, dont la milice libanaise Amal, qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie de l'entra\u00eenement paramilitaire du Fatah. Cependant, cette milice confrontera l'OLP et ses soutiens lors de la guerre des camps, avec la participation de la Syrie, mais aussi de groupes palestiniens comme le Fatah al-Intifada et As-Saiqa.\n\nDe son c\u00f4t\u00e9, la milice palestinienne pro-syrienne As-Saiqa participe aux nombreux massacres de Libanais chr\u00e9tiens avec d'autres groupes palestiniens comme celui de Beit Mallet, Tel Abbas ou celui de Damour. As-Saiqa m\u00e8ne en parall\u00e8le, une campagne de violence et d'intimidation contre les groupes pro-irakiens, dont le Front de lib\u00e9ration arabe, qu'elle \u00e9tend progressivement contre les groupes \u00ab pro-Arafat \u00bb, apr\u00e8s une rupture de relations avec l'OLP. Edgar O\u2019Ballance d\u00e9crit les violences inter-palestiniennes comme \u00ab spasmodiques \u00bb. Notamment en fin d\u00e9cembre 1976, le conflit entre factions palestiniennes prend l'ampleur d'une bataille dans les camps de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s palestiniens, accompagn\u00e9e des tirs de roquettes et de tirs \u00e0 la mitrailleuse. Le nombre de victimes de ces violences interpalestiniennes est inconnu du fait qu'elles se sont produites dans le chaos de la guerre civile libanaise. Cependant par exemple, les combats du mois de novembre 1983, du Fatah al-Intifada accompagn\u00e9 par les autres \u00ab groupes rejectionnistes \u00bb contre l'OLP, causent la mort de 500 personnes et fait . En 1983, apr\u00e8s la fuite d'Arafat \u00e0 Tunis, l'organisation Abou Nidal prend contr\u00f4le des camps de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et des bases d\u00e9sert\u00e9es du Fatah. Cependant de nouvelles violences \u00e9clatent l'ann\u00e9e suivante avec le retour des militants du Fatah qui reprennent progressivement le contr\u00f4le de leurs positions par des affrontements arm\u00e9s. Le nombre de morts dans la violence entre les factions rivales palestiniennes durant cette p\u00e9riode, serait de l'ordre de  et des disparus selon une estimation rapport\u00e9e par Matthew White. Selon une autre estimation, dans le contexte de la guerre civile libanaise, les confrontations inter-palestiniennes de 1982 \u00e0 1988, font plusieurs milliers de morts.\n\nAbou Nidal s'\u00e9tait s\u00e9par\u00e9 de l'OLP en 1974, jugeant Arafat corrompu et trop mod\u00e9r\u00e9. L'hostilit\u00e9 de son groupe prend progressivement la forme d'assassinats contre des membres du Fatah et de l'OLP. Cette campagne s'intensifie alors que ces derniers sont engag\u00e9s dans des n\u00e9gociations de paix avec Isra\u00ebl. Le groupe parvient \u00e0 affaiblir l'OLP en assassinant des membres cl\u00e9s de l'organisation, notamment le chef de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l'OLP, qui est assassin\u00e9 en janvier 1991. De plus, les \u00c9tats europ\u00e9ens comme l'Autriche, l'Italie et l'Allemagne qui entretiennent des relations avec l'OLP sont choisis par l'organisation pour y mener des attentats.\n\nL'organisation palestinienne, Abu Nidal, responsable de la mort de 900 personnes d'apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9partement d'\u00c9tat des \u00c9tats-Unis, commet des attentats et prise d'otages \u00e0 travers le monde. En 1978, 600 membres et leurs familles sont tu\u00e9s par l'organisation, correspondant \u00e0 presque la moiti\u00e9 de l'organisation. Les membres sont parfois arr\u00eat\u00e9s et tortur\u00e9s jusqu'\u00e0 des aveux de tra\u00eetrise et de manque de loyaut\u00e9. La majorit\u00e9 des attaques de l'organisation l'ont \u00e9t\u00e9 contre des cibles palestiniennes et arabes. Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990, alors que l'organisation est affaiblie par des conflits au sein m\u00eame de l'organisation, le Fatah initie une campagne d'assassinats et parvient \u00e0 d\u00e9finitivement expulser le groupe des camps de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s palestiniens au Liban. En 1992, les bases de l'organisation sont \u00e9limin\u00e9es, avec 150 membres de l'organisation tu\u00e9s selon une estimation de Alexander (1994).\n\nLa comp\u00e9tition entre les groupes palestiniens prend la forme d'une \u00ab guerre interpalestinienne \u00bb, auquel le FPLP-CG participe. Avant 1990, le FPLP-CG essaye d'assassiner les dirigeants de l'OLP dont Arafat, que Jibril d\u00e9crit comme \u00ab un Juif qui travaille pour les services secrets isra\u00e9liens et a infiltr\u00e9 l'OLP \u00bb. Le FPLP-CG consid\u00e8re \u00e9galement le FLP comme des \u00ab tra\u00eetres \u00bb pour s'\u00eatre s\u00e9par\u00e9 de l'organisation, et vise \u00e0 \u00e9liminer son rival. Des centaines de membres des organisations et des civils sont tu\u00e9s. Le 13 ao\u00fbt 1978, le conflit entre le FPLP-CG et le FLP escalade, alors qu'une voiture pi\u00e9g\u00e9e du FPLP-CG d\u00e9molit le QG du groupe tuant 155 personnes et en blessant 80 (200 morts selon une autre estimation). Un attentat \u00e0 la bombe spectaculaire. En 1999, le groupe s'en prend \u00e9galement au bureau du FDLP tuant un militant et en blessant plusieurs.\n\nApr\u00e8s la visite d'Anouar el-Sadate en Isra\u00ebl en novembre 1977, les Palestiniens \u00ab mod\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00bb qui soutiennent l'initiative de paix sont pris pour cibles par les groupes terroristes radicaux : au moins quatre repr\u00e9sentants du Fatah sont assassin\u00e9s en 1978, dont Sa\u00efd Hammami le 4 janvier \u00e0 Londres. Abd-al Nur Zaho est assassin\u00e9 le 8 f\u00e9vrier 1978 et Cheick Hashem Kuzendar en 1979.\n\nLe maire mod\u00e9r\u00e9 de Naplouse, Zafer al-Masri est assassin\u00e9 en 1986, ce qui dissuade d'autres Palestiniens \u00e0 afficher des positions mod\u00e9r\u00e9es.\n\nAu cours de la premi\u00e8re intifada, un millier de Palestiniens sont tu\u00e9s par des Palestiniens, principalement pour des accusations de collaboration avec Isra\u00ebl. Des Palestiniens sont poignard\u00e9s, attaqu\u00e9s \u00e0 la hache, abattus, matraqu\u00e9s et br\u00fbl\u00e9s \u00e0 l'acide. Des batailles de rue \u00e9clatent entre soutiens du Fatah et soutiens du Hamas au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990. Le Hamas et le Fatah tentent une r\u00e9conciliation en organisant une rencontre \u00e0 Amman en avril 1990, sans succ\u00e8s. En septembre des confrontations \u00e9clatent apr\u00e8s qu'un membre du Fatah interrompt le sermon d'un imam. Le Hamas r\u00e9agit \u00e0 la \u00ab provocation \u00bb et \u00e0 la suite des violences, un membre du Hamas est tu\u00e9. D'autres violences \u00e9clatent, dont particuli\u00e8rement en avril 1991 \u00e0 Naplouse. En juillet 1992, une confrontation violente entre des centaines de membres de chaque groupe laissant 8 morts et une confrontation de novembre 1994, laisse 13 morts dans un \u00e9change de feu entre soutiens des deux organisations. Durant cette p\u00e9riode les violences font plusieurs centaines de victimes. Suivant la loi du talion, des violences sont \u00e9galement commises par des membres du Fatah engag\u00e9s contre des membres du groupe dissident FDLP-faction ainsi que contre des membres du FPLP. La situation est r\u00e9solue en 1994, alors que le Fatah livre au FPLP, quelques militants responsables, selon l'organisation.\n\nDurant la seconde Intifada, plus de 714 sont tu\u00e9s par les groupes palestiniens, un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne d\u00e9crit parfois comme l'\u00ab Intrafada \u00bb. Dans ce climat, Moussa Arafat, cousin de Yasser Arafat est assassin\u00e9 le 7 septembre 2005 par un groupe rival. La p\u00e9riode de violence atteint son paroxysme en 2006. En 2006, l'organisation Fatah entre en conflit avec l'organisation Hamas, et plus de 600 Palestiniens sont tu\u00e9s au cours des affrontements et par des assassinats. Dans les 15 mois qui suivent la prise de la bande de Gaza par le Hamas en 2007, 350 Palestiniens sont tu\u00e9s lors des conflits et 248 sont tu\u00e9s dans d'autres circonstances.\n\nPar la suite, les violences suivent le sch\u00e9ma de repr\u00e9sailles de la loi du talion. Le Hamas attaque \u00e9galement des clans et des familles importantes \u00e0 la suite de disputes, concernant notamment un manque de loyaut\u00e9 \u00e0 l'organisation. Autre fait marquant, le clan Hillis est attaqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l'artillerie et l'attaque laisse une dizaine de morts. Des violences \u00e9clatent \u00e9galement avec le Jihad islamique pour le contr\u00f4le de mosqu\u00e9es, et ainsi gagner en influence sur la population palestinienne.\n\nDes personnes accus\u00e9es d'\u00eatre des \u00ab collaborateurs \u00bb sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s par le Hamas. Amnesty international d\u00e9nonce que le Hamas utilise de la torture, des intimidations, des coups et des blessures volontaires aux genoux contre les victimes suspect\u00e9es de tra\u00eetrise. En 2012, le Hamas fait tra\u00een\u00e9 un corps attach\u00e9 \u00e0 une motocyclette, dans les rues de Gaza pour dissuader les Palestiniens de la dissidence.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nArticles connexes \n Terrorisme palestinien\n R\u00e9actions au terrorisme palestinien\n Chronologie du terrorisme palestinien\n terrorisme palestinien\n Massacre du convoi pour l'h\u00f4pital du mont Scopus\n Massacre de Merkaz Harav\n Tuerie d'Itamar\n Attentat au Dolphinarium de Tel Aviv\n\nTerrorisme en Isra\u00ebl\nFaction arm\u00e9e palestinienne", "meta": {"title": "Histoire du terrorisme palestinien", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histoire%20du%20terrorisme%20palestinien", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ordosia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from 501 to 490 million years ago during the Dresbachian faunal stage of the late Cambrian Period.\n\nReferences\n\nCambrian trilobites\nCorynexochida genera\nLeiostegiina", "meta": {"title": "Ordosia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordosia", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Chromium OS \u00e9 a vers\u00e3o de desenvolvimento de c\u00f3digo aberto do Chrome OS, um dos sistemas operacionais do Google. O Chromium OS \u00e9 baseado no n\u00facleo do Linux e usa o navegador Chromium como a sua principal interface do usu\u00e1rio. Como resultado disso, o Chromium OS suporta primariamente aplicativos da web.\n\nArquitetura \nA arquitetura do Chromium \u00e9 composta de tr\u00eas camadas, consistindo de \"tr\u00eas maiores componentes\":\n\n O navegador baseado no Chromium e o gerenciador de janelas\n Software no n\u00edvel do sistema e servi\u00e7os de user-land: o n\u00facleo [Linux], drivers, gerenciador de conex\u00e3o, e assim por diante\n Firmware\n\nDisponibilidades \nO Chromium OS foi disponibilizado primeiramente na forma compilada por terceiros. Esfor\u00e7os mais organizados surgiram ao longo do tempo, incluindo alguns fabricantes que venderam seus dispositivos com o sistema operacional pr\u00e9-instalado.\n\nCompila\u00e7\u00f5es e forks \nEm maio de 2010, as vers\u00f5es compiladas do c\u00f3digo fonte do trabalho em andamento foram baixadas da Internet mais de um milh\u00e3o de vezes. A vers\u00e3o mais popular, chamada de \"Chromium OS Flow\", foi criada por Liam McLoughlin, na \u00e9poca um estudante de 17 anos de idade em Manchester, Inglaterra, postando sob o nome \"Hexxeh\". As compila\u00e7\u00f5es de McLoughlin s\u00e3o boot\u00e1veis a partir de um pendrive e incluem recursos que os engenheiros do Google ainda n\u00e3o haviam implementado, como suporte para a linguagem de programa\u00e7\u00e3o Java. Enquanto o Google n\u00e3o esperava que os terceiros usassem e avaliassem o Chromium OS antes do lan\u00e7amento oficial, Sundar Pichai, vice-presidente de gerenciamento de produtos do Google (atualmente CEO), disse que \"o que pessoas como o Hexxeh est\u00e3o fazendo \u00e9 incr\u00edvel de se ver.\" Pichai disse que os lan\u00e7amentos antecipados foram uma consequ\u00eancia n\u00e3o intencional do desenvolvimento de c\u00f3digo aberto. \"Se voc\u00ea decidir fazer projetos de c\u00f3digo aberto, voc\u00ea tem que estar aberto o caminho todo.\"\n\nO trabalho de Hexxeh continuou no ano seguinte. Ele anunciou o \"Chromium OS Lime\" em dezembro de 2010, e em janeiro de 2011, lan\u00e7ou \"Luigi\", um aplicativo criado para \"jailbreak\"/\"rootear\" o hardware prot\u00f3tipo do Google Cr-48 \"Mario\" e instalar uma BIOS gen\u00e9rica. O desenvolvedor fez com que as compila\u00e7\u00f5es fossem disponibilizados em formato de m\u00e1quina virtual em 13 de mar\u00e7o de 2011. Sem a compila\u00e7\u00e3o oficial do sistema operacional Chromium do Google, compila\u00e7\u00f5es di\u00e1rias \"vanilla\" do Chromium OS de Hexxeh foram o principal recurso para as pessoas que desejam experimentar Chromium OS. Hexxeh parou de disponibilizar essas compila\u00e7\u00f5es em 20 de abril de 2013.\n\nAs vers\u00f5es mais recentes do Chromium OS est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis de Arnoldthebat, que mant\u00e9m compila\u00e7\u00f5es di\u00e1rias e semanais juntamente com diretrizes de uso e ajuda. Em julho de 2012, o Chromium Build Kit foi lan\u00e7ado. Ele compila automaticamente uma compila\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvedor e instala o Chromium OS em um pendrive.\n\nEm 2015 a empresa novaiorquina Neverware produziu uma fork do Chromium OS chamada de CloudReady para o mercado educacional, com a inten\u00e7\u00e3o de estender a vida de antigos PCs e laptops. Uma vers\u00e3o posterior pode fazer dual boot entre o sistema da Neverware e o sistema operacional Windows. Em 2016, a Nexedi lan\u00e7ou o NayuOS, uma fork do Chromium OS pr\u00e9-compilada para diversos computadores Chromebook. O sistema operacional fornece capacidades como as do Chrome OS sem armazenar dados nos servidores do Google. Ele opcionalmente remove o login do Google e oferece ferramentas de desenvolvedores adicionais.\n\nHardware \nAlguns dispositivos s\u00e3o vendidos com o Chromium OS pr\u00e9-instalado. Em maio de 2011 a Dell Computer tamb\u00e9m lan\u00e7ou uma compila\u00e7\u00e3o para o netbook Dell Inspiron Mini 10v netbook, seguindo em uma vers\u00e3o anterior lan\u00e7ada quase 18 meses antes. Tal compila\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o suportava \u00e1udio, mas era inicializ\u00e1vel a partir de um pendrive. Outros dispositivos incluem o Kogan Agora Chromium Laptop da empresa australiana Kogan e o Xi3 Modular Computer, introduzido pela empresa de mesmo nome. No final de 2015, uma equipe liderada por Dylan Callahan portou uma vers\u00e3o beta do Chromium OS para o computador de uma placa Raspberry Pi 2.\n\nDisputa de marca registrada \nEm junho de 2011, a ISYS Technologies, baseada em Salt Lake City, processou o Google em um tribunal distrital de Utah, reivindicar direitos sobre o nome \"Chromium\" e, por padr\u00e3o, Chromebook e Chromebox. O processo tentou impedir o Google e seus parceiros de marketing e hardware de venderem Chromebooks. O processo foi posteriormente abandonado e, como parte de um acordo n\u00e3o revelado entre o Google e ISYS, a ISYS abandonou os seus esfor\u00e7os de marca registrada.\n\nVer tamb\u00e9m \n\n Android\n\n Chromium\n Firefox OS\n Google Chrome\n Chrome OS\n Webconverger um sistema operacional baseado no Firefox\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n\n \n\nSistemas operativos ARM\nSistemas operativos x86", "meta": {"title": "Chromium OS", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium%20OS", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Elina Brotherus (Helsinki, 29 de abril de 1972) es una fot\u00f3grafa y videoartista finlandesa especializada en el autorretrato y en el paisaje.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nElina Brotherus creci\u00f3 y estudi\u00f3 en su ciudad natal, licenci\u00e1ndose en la rama qu\u00edmica en la Universidad de Helsinki en 1997. No obstante, posteriormente cambi\u00f3 de registro formativo y tambi\u00e9n se licenci\u00f3 en fotograf\u00eda en la Universidad de Arte y Dise\u00f1o de Helsinki.\n.\n\nActualmente es considerada un importante miembro de The Helsinki School y trabaja a caballo entre Finlandia y Francia.\n\nEn el a\u00f1o 2003 su trabajo fue expuesto en el Orange County Museum of Art, dentro de la colecci\u00f3n Girls\u2019 Night Out. \n\nEn 2004 obtuvo una beca del Carnegie Art Award y en 2006 gan\u00f3 el premio Ni\u00e9pce Prize.\n\nSe siente orgullosa de obtener im\u00e1genes de naturaleza que no trata con Photoshop.\n\nSu trabajo es principalmente autobiogr\u00e1fico. Por ejemplo, entre 2009 y 2013 document\u00f3 un infertilidad y falta de hijos involuntaria por medio de los proyectos \"Carpe Fucking Diem\" y \"Annonciation.\"\n\nExposiciones (selecci\u00f3n) \n 2015. \u201cEl regreso y la nostalgia\u201d, Galer\u00eda C\u00e1mara Oscura de Madrid\n\nPremios \n 2000. Premio Fotofinlandia.\n 2001. Prix Mosa\u00efque des Centre National de l\u2019Audiovisuel, Luxemburgo\n 2002. Seleccionada para el premio fotogr\u00e1fico Citibank\n 2003. Beca a j\u00f3venes artistas por el Carnegie Art Award.\n 2005. Premio Nic\u00e9phore Niepce\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n Web personal de Elina Brotherus\n\nFot\u00f3grafas de Finlandia\nNacidos en Helsinki", "meta": {"title": "Elina Brotherus", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elina%20Brotherus", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 () \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e,\n\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442,\n\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d,\n\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c,\n\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u041a\u043e\u0434 \u041a\u041e\u0410\u0422\u0423\u0423 \u2014 5324081301. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 2001 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e 468 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a.\n\n\u042f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u0451\u043b\u0430\n\u0413\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430,\n\u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438,\n\u041c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u0437\u0443\u0431\u044b,\n\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438,\n\u041f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438,\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0438,\n\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044e\u043a\u0438 \u0438\n\u0422\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431\u044b.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u043e \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 4,5 \u043a\u043c \u043e\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435,\n\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044e\u043a\u0438, \u0432 0,5 \u043a\u043c \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0451\u043b \u041c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u0437\u0443\u0431\u044b, \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u041f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438.\n\n\u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \n \u0427\u041f \u00ab\u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u00bb.\n \u041e\u041e\u041e \u00ab\u0418\u043c. \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u00bb.\n\n\u041e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u044b \n \u0428\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0406\u2014\u0406\u0406\u0406 \u0441\u0442.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 (\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%28%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "IC 1676 ist eine Spiralgalaxie vom Hubble-Typ S im Sternbild Fische auf der Ekliptik. Sie ist sch\u00e4tzungsweise 609 Millionen Lichtjahre von der Milchstra\u00dfe entfernt und hat einen Durchmesser von etwa 90.000 Lichtjahren. \nIm selben Himmelsareal befinden sich u. a. die Galaxien IC 96 und IC 1672.\n\nDas Objekt wurde am 6. Dezember 1899 von St\u00e9phane Javelle entdeckt.\n\nWeblinks \n SIMBAD Astronomical Database\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nSpiralgalaxie", "meta": {"title": "IC 1676", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IC%201676", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Soul2Soul II Tour \u2013 druga ameryka\u0144ska trasa koncertowa ma\u0142\u017ce\u0144stwa muzyki country, Tima McGrawa i Faith Hill, kt\u00f3ra odby\u0142a si\u0119 na prze\u0142omie 2006 i 2007 r; obejmowa\u0142a 118 koncert\u00f3w. W 2006 muzycy dali 72 koncerty w USA. W 2007 muzycy dali 36 koncert\u00f3w w USA i 10 w Kanadzie.\n\nShow\n\nScena \nW centrum areny znajdowa\u0142y si\u0119 okr\u0105g\u0142e platformy, otoczone wi\u0119kszym kr\u0119giem pod nim; na tych platformach gra\u0142 zesp\u00f3\u0142. Wykonawcy mogli pojawia\u0107 si\u0119 lub znika\u0107 na tych platformach. We wszystkich czterech kierunkach z tych platform wychodzi\u0142y d\u0142ugie, szerokie pomosty, w kt\u00f3re by\u0142y wbudowane ekrany wideo, a tak\u017ce prowadzi\u0142y do fan\u00f3w.\n\nKoncert \nKoncert trwa\u0142 od dw\u00f3ch i p\u00f3\u0142 do dw\u00f3ch i trzech czwartych godziny. Najpierw sw\u00f3j repertuar wykonywa\u0142a Faith Hill, a po niej \u015bpiewa\u0142 Tim McGraw. Koncert otwiera\u0142 utw\u00f3r \u201eLike Never Loved at All\u201d, podczas kt\u00f3rego arty\u015bci \u015bpiewali odwr\u00f3ceni ty\u0142em do siebie po przeciwnych ko\u0144cach sceny. Utwory \u201eAngry All the Time\u201d i \u201eLet's Make Love\u201d arty\u015bci wykonywali b\u0119d\u0105c blisko siebie. W repertuarze Tima i Faith znalaz\u0142 si\u0119 tak\u017ce cover Boba Marleya \u201eNo Woman, No Cry\u201d. Koncerty ko\u0144czy\u0142 utw\u00f3r \u201eI Need You\u201d, w czasie kt\u00f3rego arty\u015bci \u015bpiewali zwr\u00f3ceni twarzami do siebie.\n\nProgram koncert\u00f3w\n\n2006 \nHill/McGraw\n\n \u201eLike We Never Loved At All\"\n\nHill\n\n \u201eMissippi Girl\u201d\n \u201eThe Way You Love Me\u201d\n \u201eSunshine and Summertime\u201d\n \u201eFireflies\u201d\n \u201eThis Kiss\u201d\n \u201eLet Me Let Go\u201d\n \u201eLet's Make Love\u201d (z Timem McGraw)\n \u201eStealing Kisses\u201d (grane tylko na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach)\n \u201eBridge Over Troubled Water (cover Simona i Garfunkela) (grane tylko na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach)\n \u201eThe Lucky One\u201d\n \u201eCry\u201d\n \u201eThere Will a Come Day\u201d\n \u201eBreathe\"\n\nHill/McGraw\n\n \u201eAngry All The Time\"\n\nMcGraw\n\n \u201eReal Good Man\u201d\n \u201eWhere the Green Grass Shows\u201d\n \u201eJust to See You Smile\u201d\n \u201eDon't Take That Girl\u201d\n \u201eMy Little Girl\u201d\n \u201eSomething Like That\u201d\n \u201eShotgun Rider\u201d (z Faith Hill)\n \u201eWhen The Stars Go Blue\u201d\n \u201eLive Like Were You Dying\u201d\n \u201eUnbroken\u201d\n \u201eThe Cowboy In Me\u201d\n \u201eI've Got Friends That Do\u201d (grane tylko na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach)\n \u201eLast Dollar (Fly Away)\u201d (grane tylko na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach)\n \u201eI Like It, I Love It\u201d (grane tylko na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach)\n\nHill/McGraw\n\n \u201eIt's Your Love\u201d\n \u201eNo Woman, No Cry\u201d (cover Boba Marleya)\n\nBis:\n\n \u201eI Need You\"\n\n2007 \nHill/McGraw\n\n \u201eChasing Cars\"\n\nHill\n\n \u201eWild One\u201d\n \u201eThe Lucky One\u201d\n \u201eThe Secret of Life\u201d\n \u201eCry\u201d\n \u201eSunshine and Summertime\u201d\n \u201eThis Kiss\n \u201eStronger\u201d\n \u201eIt's Your Love (z Timem McGraw)\n \u201eLost\u201d\n \u201eRed Umbrella\u201d\n \u201eThe Way You Love Me\u201d\n \u201eThe Winner Takes It All\u201d\n \u201eBreathe\u201d\n \u201ePiece of my Heart\u201d\n \u201eMississippi Girl\"\n\nHill/McGraw\n\n \u201eAngry All The Time\u201d\n \u201eLike We Never Loved At All\"\n\nMcGraw\n\n \u201eThe Joker\u201d\n \u201eLast Dollar (Fly Away)\u201d\n \u201eSomething Like That\u201d\n \u201eWhen The Stars Go Blue\u201d\n \u201eEverywhere\u201d\n \u201eFor a Little White\u201d\n \u201eShe's My Kind of Rain\u201d\n \u201eLive Like You Were Dying\u201d\n \u201eSuspicions\u201d\n \u201eReal Good Man\u201d (grane tylko na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach)\n \u201eThe Ride\u201d (grane tylko na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach)\n \u201eThe Cowboy In Me\u201d\n \u201eBetween the River and Me\u201d\n \u201eIndian Outlaw\u201d\n \u201eIf You're Reading This\"\n\nHill/McGraw\n\n \u201eShotgun Rider\u201d\n \u201eIt's Only Love\"\n\nBis:\n\n \u201eI Need You\"\n\nDodatkowe informacje \n 23 czerwca 2006 r. w Madison Square Garden go\u015bcinnie z McGrawem wyst\u0105pi\u0142 Tony Bennett, wykonuj\u0105c klasyk Hanka Williamsa \u201eCold, Cold Heart\"\n\n Na ostatnim koncercie trasy McGraw wykona\u0142 kilka cover\u00f3w swoich ulubionych artyst\u00f3w: \u201eBreakdown\u201d Toma Petty\u2019ego, \u201eMama Tried\u201d Merle'a Haggarda i \u201e You Look So Good In Love\u201d George\u2019a Straita.\n\n Na niekt\u00f3rych koncertach w 2007 r. Hill wyst\u0119powa\u0142 w duecie z piosenkark\u0105 Angie Aparo, wykonuj\u0105c jej przeb\u00f3j \u201eCry\u201d. Piosenka zosta\u0142a napisana przez Aparo w 1999 i znalaz\u0142a si\u0119 na albumie \u201eAmerican\u201d.\n\nMuzycy\n\nHill \n Gitary: Pat Buchanan, Derry Hemingson i Jerry McPherson\n Gitara basowa: Paul Bushnell\n Gitara akustyczna: Faith Hill i Bob Minner\n Keyboardy: Jimmy Nichols\n Perkusja: Paul Liem\n Ch\u00f3rki: Crystal Taliefero, Perry Coleman i Wendy Moten\n\nMcGraw \n Gitara: Derry Hemingson i Darran Smith\n Gitara akustyczna/Gitara rezonatorowa: Bob Minner\n Gitara basowa: John Marcus\n Keyboardy: Jeff McMahon\n Perkusja: David Dunkley i Billy Mason\n\nLista koncert\u00f3w\n\nSoul2Soul II \n 21 kwietnia 2006 \u2013 Columbus, Ohio, USA \u2013 Nationwide Arena\n 22 kwietnia 2006 \u2013 Columbus, Ohio, USA - Nationwide Arena\n 28 kwietnia 2006 \u2013 Rosemont, Illinois, USA - Allstate Arena\n 29 kwietnia 2006 \u2013 Rosemont, Illinois, USA - Allstate Arena\n 30 kwietnia 2006 \u2013 Rosemont, Illinois, USA - Allstate Arena\n 5 maja 2006 \u2013 Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA - The Palace of Auburn Hills\n 6 maja 2006 \u2013 Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA - The Palace of Auburn Hills\n 7 maja 2006 \u2013 Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA - Van Andel Arena\n 12 maja 2006 \u2013 Buffalo, Nowy Jork - HSBC Arena\n 13 maja 2006 \u2013 Pittsburgh, Pensylwania, USA - Mellon Arena\n 14 maja 2006 \u2013 Lexington, Kentucky, USA - Rupp Arena\n 18 maja 2006 \u2013 Madison, Wisconsin, USA - Kohl Center\n 19 maja 2006 \u2013 Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA - Xcel Energy Center\n 20 maja 2006 \u2013 St. Paul, Minnesota, USA - Xcel Energy Center\n 26 maja 2006 \u2013 Birmingham, Alabama, USA - BJCC Arena\n 27 maja 2006 \u2013 Greenville, Karolina Po\u0142udniowa, USA - BI-LO Center\n 28 maja 2006 \u2013 Jacksonville, Floryda, USA - Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena\n 29 maja 2006 \u2013 Jacksonville, Floryda, USA - Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena\n 2 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Tampa, Floryda, USA - St. Pete Times Forum\n 3 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Orlando, Floryda, USA - TD Waterhouse Centre\n 4 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Sunrise, Floryda, USA - BankAtlantic Center\n 6 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Charleston, Karolina Po\u0142udniowa, USA - North Charleston Coliseum\n 7 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Richmond, Wirginia, USA - Richmond Coliseum\n 9 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Raleigh, Karolina P\u00f3\u0142nocna, USA - RBC Center\n 10 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Charlotte, Karolina P\u00f3\u0142nocna, USA - Charlotte Bobcats Arena\n 12 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Rochester, Nowy Jork, USA - Blue Cross Arena at the War Memorial\n 13 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Albany, Nowy Jork, USA - Times Union Center\n 15 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Filadelfia, Pensylwania, USA - Wachovia Center\n 16 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Filadelfia, Pensylwania, USA - Wachovia Center\n 17 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Hershey, Pensylwania, USA - GIANT Center\n 18 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Hershey, Pensylwania, USA - GIANT Center\n 21 czerwca 2006 \u2013 University Park, Pensylwania, USA - Bryce Jordan Center\n 23 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Nowy Jork, Nowy Jork, USA - Madison Square Garden\n 24 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Nowy Jork, Nowy Jork, USA - Madison Square Garden\n 25 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Boston, Massachusetts, USA - TD Banknorth Garden\n 26 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Boston, Massachusetts, USA - TD Banknorth Garden\n 29 czerwca 2006 \u2013 Waszyngton, USA - Verizon Center\n 5 lipca 2006 \u2013 Nowy Orlean, Luizjana, USA - New Orleans Arena\n 6 lipca 2006 \u2013 Bossier City, Luizjana, USA - Century TelCenter\n 8 lipca 2006 \u2013 Atlanta, Georgia, USA - Philips Arena\n 9 lipca 2006 \u2013 Memphis, Tennessee, USA - FedExForum\n 11 lipca 2006 \u2013 Cincinnati, Ohio, USA - U.S. Bank Arena\n 12 lipca 2006 \u2013 Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - Conseco Fieldhouse\n 14 lipca 2006 \u2013 St. Louis, Missouri, USA - Savvis Center\n 15 lipca 2006 \u2013 Des Moines, Iowa, USA - Wells Fargo Arena\n 16 lipca 2006 \u2013 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA - Bradley Center\n 18 lipca 2006 \u2013 Kansas City, Kansas, USA  - Kemper Arena\n 21 lipca 2006 \u2013 Dallas, Teksas, USA - American Airlines Center\n 22 lipca 2006 \u2013 Houston, Teksas, USA - Toyota Center\n 23 lipca 2006 \u2013 San Antonio, Teksas, USA - AT&T Center\n 27 lipca 2006 \u2013 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA - Ford Center\n 28 lipca 2006 \u2013 Little Rock, Arkansas, USA - Alltel Arena\n 29 lipca 2006 \u2013 Nashville, Tennessee, USA - Gaylord Entertainment Centre\n 30 lipca 2006 \u2013 Cleveland, Ohio, USA - Quicken Loans Arena\n 2 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Denver, Kolorado, USA - Pepsi Center\n 4 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Salt Lake City, Utah, USA - Delta Center\n 5 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Salt Lake City, Utah, USA - Delta Center\n 6 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Nampa, Idaho, USA - Idaho Center\n 8 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Portland, Oregon, USA - Rose Garden Arena\n 9 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Seattle, Waszyngton, USA - KeyArena\n 10 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Seattle, Waszyngton, USA - KeyArena\n 12 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Sacramento, Kalifornia, USA - ARCO Arena\n 13 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 San Jose, Kalifornia, USA - HP Pavilion at San Jose\n 14 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Fresno, Kalifornia, USA - Save Mart Center\n 17 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Los Angeles, Kalifornia, USA - Staples Center\n 18 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Los Angeles, Kalifornia, USA - Staples Center\n 19 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Los Angeles, Kalifornia, USA - Staples Center\n 25 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Phoenix, Arizona, USA - US Airways Center\n 26 sierpnia 2006 \u2013 Phoenix, Arizona, USA - US Airways Center\n 1 wrze\u015bnia 2006 \u2013 Las Vegas, Nevada, USA - Mandalay Bay Events Center\n 2 wrze\u015bnia 2006 \u2013 Las Vegas, Nevada, USA - Mandalay Bay Events Center\n 3 wrze\u015bnia 2006 \u2013 Las Vegas, Nevada, USA - Mandalay Bay Events Center\n\nSoul2Soul 2007 \n 5 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Omaha, Nebraska, USA - Qwest Center Omaha\n 6 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Omaha, Nebraska, USA - Qwest Center Omaha\n 8 czerwca 2007 \u2013 St. Paul, Minnesota, USA - Xcel Energy Center\n 11 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Salt Lake City, Utah, USA - EnergySolutions Arena\n 13 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Portland, Oregon, USA - Rose Garden Arena\n 14 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Tacoma, Waszyngton, USA - Tacoma Dome\n 16 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Vancouver, Kanada \u2013 GM Place\n 17 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Vancouver, Kanada - GM Place\n 19 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Edmonton, Kanada - Rexall Place\n 20 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Edmonton, Kanada - Rexall Place\n 21 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Saskatoon, Kanada - Credit Union Centre\n 22 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Winnipeg, Kanada - MTS Centre\n 25 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Toronto, Kanada - Air Canada Centre\n 26 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Toronto, Kanada - Air Canada Centre\n 27 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Ottawa, Kanada - Scotiabank Place\n 29 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Cleveland, Ohio, USA - Quicken Loans Arena\n 30 czerwca 2007 \u2013 Filadelfia, Pensylwania, USA - Wachovia Center\n 5 lipca 2007 \u2013 Boston, Massachusetts, USA - TD Banknorth Garden\n 6 lipca 2007 \u2013 Boston, Massachusetts, USA - TD Banknorth Garden\n 7 lipca 2007 \u2013 Waszyngton, USA - Verizon Center\n 9 lipca 2007 \u2013 East Rutherford, New Jersey, USA - Continental Airlines Arena\n 11 lipca 2007 \u2013 Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA - Palace of Auburn Hills\n 13 lipca 2007 \u2013 Chicago, USA - United Center\n 14 lipca 2007 \u2013 Chicago, USA - United Center\n 17 lipca 2007 \u2013 Pittsburgh, Pensylwania, USA - Mellon Arena\n 18 lipca 2007 \u2013 Cleveland, Ohio, USA - Nationwide Arena\n 20 lipca 2007 \u2013 Greensboro, Karolina P\u00f3\u0142nocna, USA - Greensboro Coliseum\n 21 lipca 2007 \u2013 Atlanta, Georgia, USA - Phillips Arena\n 22 lipca 2007 \u2013 Jacksonville, Floryda, USA - Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena\n 24 lipca 2007 \u2013 Sunrise, Floryda, USA - BankAtlantic Center\n 25 lipca 2007 \u2013 Tampa, Floryda, USA - St. Pete Times Forum\n 27 lipca 2007 \u2013 Biloxi, Missisipi, USA - Mississippi Coast Coliseum\n 28 lipca 2007 \u2013 Lafayette, Luizjana, USA - Cajundome\n 29 lipca 2007 \u2013 Dallas, Teksas, USA - American Airlines Center\n 31 lipca 2007 \u2013 Denver, Kolorado, USA - Pepsi Center\n 2 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 San Diego, Kalifornia, USA - San Diego Sports Arena\n 3 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 Glendale, Arizona, USA - Jobing.com Arena\n 4 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 Las Vegas, Nevada, USA - MGM Grand Garden Arena\n 6 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 Sacramento, Kalifornia, USA - ARCO Arena\n 7 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 Fresno, Kalifornia, USA - Save Mart Center\n 8 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 San Jos\u00e9, Kalifornia, USA - HP Pavilion at San Jose\n 10 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 Anaheim, Kalifornia, USA - Honda Center\n 11 sierpnia 2007 \u2013 Anaheim, Kalifornia, USA - Honda Center\n 1 wrze\u015bnia 2007 \u2013 Moncton, Kanada - Magnetic Hill\n\nDochody z koncert\u00f3w \n\nTrasy koncertowe w 2006\nTrasy koncertowe w 2007", "meta": {"title": "Soul2Soul II Tour", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soul2Soul%20II%20Tour", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Neostrengeria \u00e9s un g\u00e8nere de crustacis dec\u00e0podes d'aigua dol\u00e7a de l'infraordre Brachyura. \u00c9s nadiu de les muntanyes de l'orient de Col\u00f2mbia i el noroccident de Vene\u00e7uela.\n\nTaxonomia \n Neostrengeria appressa \n Neostrengeria aspera \n Neostrengeria bataensis \n Neostrengeria binderi \n Neostrengeria botti \n Neostrengeria boyacensis \n Neostrengeria celioi \n Neostrengeria charalensis \n Neostrengeria gilberti \n Neostrengeria guenteri \n Neostrengeria lasallei \n Neostrengeria lemaitrei \n Neostrengeria libradensis \n Neostrengeria lindigiana \n Neostrengeria lobulata \n Neostrengeria macarenae \n Neostrengeria macropa \n Neostrengeria monterrodendoensis \n Neostrengeria niceforoi \n Neostrengeria perijaensis \n Neostrengeria sketi \n Neostrengeria tencalanensis \n Neostrengeria tonensis\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies \n\nBraqui\u00fcrs\nCrancs", "meta": {"title": "Neostrengeria", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neostrengeria", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Macrocnema nicobarica \u00e4r en havsanemonart som beskrevs av Oscar Henrik Carlgren 1928. Macrocnema nicobarica ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Macrocnema och familjen Condylanthidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nHavsanemoner\nnicobarica", "meta": {"title": "Macrocnema nicobarica", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrocnema%20nicobarica", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Deze pagina geeft een overzicht van de BMC Racing Team-wielerploeg in 2015.\n\nAlgemeen \n Algemeen manager: Jim Ochowicz\n Teammanager: Allan Peiper\n Ploegleiders: Fabio Baldato, Maximilian Sciandri, Yvon Ledanois, Valerio Piva, Jackson Stewart, No\u00ebl Dejonckheere\n Fietsmerk: BMC\n Kleding: Pearl Izumi\n Kopmannen: Philippe Gilbert, Tejay van Garderen & Samuel S\u00e1nchez\n\nTransfers\n\nRenners\n\nOverwinningen \n\nWielerploeg in 2015\nBMC Racing Team", "meta": {"title": "BMC Racing Team/2015", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMC%20Racing%20Team/2015", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Krupps \u2013 niemiecka grupa muzyczna wykonuj\u0105ca EBM i heavy metal za\u0142o\u017cona w 1980 w D\u00fcsseldorfie przez J\u00fcrgena Englera (wokalist\u0119) i Bernwarda Malak\u0119 (basist\u0119). Obecnie w sk\u0142ad formacji, opr\u00f3cz wspomnianego Englera wchodz\u0105: Ralf D\u00f6rper (klawiszowiec), Marcel Z\u00fcrcher (gitarzysta), R\u00fcdiger Esch (basista) i Oliver R\u00f6hl (perkusista). Zesp\u00f3\u0142 znany jest z takich przeboj\u00f3w jak: To the Hilt i Crossfire.\n\nSk\u0142ad\n\nAktualny sk\u0142ad \n J\u00fcrgen Engler \u2013 wokal\n Ralf D\u00f6rper \u2013 synth\n Marcel Z\u00fcrcher \u2013 gitara\n Nils Finkeisen - gitara\n Paul Keller \u2013 perkusja\n\nByli cz\u0142onkowie \n Bernward Malaka \u2013 bas\n Frank K\u00f6llges \u2013 perkusja\n Eva G\u00f6ssling \u2013 saksofon\n Tina Schnekenburger \u2013 klawisze\n Christina Schnekenburger \u2013 ?\n Walter Jaeger \u2013 ?\n Christopher Lietz \u2013 programowanie, sample\n Lee Altus \u2013 gitara\n Darren Minter \u2013 perkusja\n George Lewis \u2013 perkusja\n\nDyskografia\n\nAlbumy \n Stahlwerksymphonie (1981)\n Volle Kraft Voraus! (1982)\n Entering the Arena (1985)\n I (1992)\n II \u2013 The Final Option (1993)\n III: Odyssey of the Mind (1995)\n Paradise Now (1997)\n The Machinists of Joy (2013)\n V - Metal Machine Music (2016)\nVision 2020 Vision (2019)\n\nSingle i EP \n Wahre Arbeit, Wahrer Lohn (1981)\n Goldfinger (1982)\n Machineries of Joy (1989)\n Germaniac (1990)\n Metal Machine Music (1992)\n The Power (1992)\n Tribute to Metallica (1992)\n Fatherland (1993)\n To the Hilt (1994)\n Crossfire (1994)\n Bloodsuckers (1994)\n Isolation (1995)\n Scent (1995)\n Remix Wars Strike 2: Die Krupps vs. Front Line Assembly (1996)\n Fire (1997)\n Rise Up (1997)\n Black Beauty White Heat (1997)\n Paradise now (1997)\n Wahre Arbeit, Wahrer Lohn (2005)\n Volle Kraft Null Acht (2009)\n Als W\u00e4ren Wir F\u00fcr Immer (2010)\n\nAntologie \n Metall Maschinen Musik 91-81 Past Forward (1991)\n Rings of Steel (1995)\n Metalmorphosis of Die Krupps (1997)\n Foundation (1997)\n Too Much History. The Electro Years (Vol. 1) (2007)\n Too Much History. The Metal Years (Vol. 2) (2007)\n Too Much History. Limited edition double CD set (2007)\n\nNiemieckie zespo\u0142y metalowe\nNiemieckie zespo\u0142y industrialmetalowe\nNiemieckie zespo\u0142y rocka industrialnego", "meta": {"title": "Die Krupps", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die%20Krupps", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences", "meta": {"title": "D\u00e9c\u00e8s en janvier 1959", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s%20en%20janvier%201959", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Halv\u00f6ppen fr\u00e4mre orundad vokal \u00e4r ett spr\u00e5kljud. Symbolen f\u00f6r ljudet i det internationella fonetiska alfabetet \u00e4r [\u00e6]. Svenskans /\u00e4/ uttalas som [\u00e6] n\u00e4r det st\u00e5r f\u00f6re ett /r/ annars uttalas det n\u00e5got slutnare.\n\nSpr\u00e5kljud", "meta": {"title": "Halv\u00f6ppen fr\u00e4mre orundad vokal", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halv%C3%B6ppen%20fr%C3%A4mre%20orundad%20vokal", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Luigi Albertelli (21 June 1934 \u2013 19 February 2021) was an Italian songwriter and television author.\n\nBiography\nBorn in Tortona, Alessandria, Albertelli debuted as a lyricist in the second half of the 1960s and got his first success in 1969 with the song \"Zingara\", which won the nineteenth edition of the Sanremo Music Festival and was a number 1 hit. \n\nCharacterized by an elegant and refined style,   his collaborations include Mina, Milva, Drupi, Mia Martini, Caterina Caselli, Dik Dik, Fiordaliso. In 1987 his song \"La notte dei pensieri\" won the Newcomers competition at the 37th Sanremo Music Festival.\n\nHe wrote the Italian theme songs of various anime, such as Goldrake and Captain Harlock.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n   \n\n \n\n1934 births\n2021 deaths\nItalian lyricists\nPeople from Tortona", "meta": {"title": "Luigi Albertelli", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luigi%20Albertelli", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "De BR3 of Belgian Reactor 3 was de eerste drukwaterreactor in West-Europa en was ook de eerste die werd afgebroken. De reactor had een vermogen van 11 MW. Hij werd in 1956 bij Westinghouse besteld. Hij werd kritisch op 19 augustus 1962. De koppeling op het elektriciteitsnet gebeurde op 25 oktober 1962. De reactor werd op 30 juni 1987 buiten gebruik gesteld. Het was een van de vier testreactoren, die werden opgestart door het Belgische Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie, SCK CEN. Behalve de BR3 waren er de BR1, BR2 en de VENUS. De BR3 werd gekozen als het eerste project in Europa voor de optimalisering van ontmantelings- en decontaminatietechnieken en -proced\u00e9s, om zicht te krijgen op de kosten en om nieuwe volumereductietechnieken voor secundair afval en minimalisering van stralingsdosissen voor het personeel te ontwikkelen. \n\nSCK CEN is een Belgisch nucleair onderzoekscentrum. Het bevindt zich Mol waar de BR3 ook is gebouwd. De American Nuclear Society erkende de BR3 reactor in 1991 als een \"Nuclear Historic Landmark\".\n\nExterne link \n  \n\nKernreactor\nNucleair onderzoekscentrum\nKerncentrale in Belgi\u00eb\nEnergiecentrale in Vlaanderen\nBouwwerk in Mol\nOnderzoeksinstituut in Belgi\u00eb", "meta": {"title": "BR3", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/BR3", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Phymatopterella is a genus of flies in the family Phoridae.\n\nSpecies\nP. pallidifrons Borgmeier, 1926\nP. luteiclava Borgmeier, 1971\nP. ovatimacula Barnes, 1990\nP. pallidifrons (Borgmeier, 1926)\nP. shannoni Brues, 1933\nP. submaculata Borgmeier, 1971\nP. uniseriata Borgmeier, 1971\n\nReferences\n\nPhoridae\nPlatypezoidea genera", "meta": {"title": "Phymatopterella", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phymatopterella", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Beauty Behind the Madness er det andet studiealbum af den canadiske singer-songwriter the Weeknd. Det blev udgivet den 28. august 2015 gennem XO og Republic Records. Albummet byder p\u00e5 g\u00e6steoptr\u00e6dener fra Labrinth, Ed Sheeran og Lana Del Rey, med produktion af blandt andre Weeknd, Kanye West, Stephan Moccio, DaHeala, Illangelo, Ben Billions, DannyBoyStyles, Max Martin og Ali Payami.\n\nAlbum fra 2015\nThe Weeknd", "meta": {"title": "Beauty Behind the Madness", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty%20Behind%20the%20Madness", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "1900 Avenue of the Stars is a high-rise office building located in Century City, Los Angeles, California.\n\nLocation\nThe building is located at 1900 on the Avenue of the Stars in Century City in West Los Angeles.\n\nHistory\nIt was designed by renowned architect Albert C. Martin, Jr. (1913\u20132006). Construction began in 1969 and was completed a year later, in 1970. It is 121.31 metres high, with twenty-seven floors. It is made of aluminum and tinted glass.\n\nReferences\n\n \n\nCentury City, Los Angeles\nSkyscraper office buildings in Los Angeles\n\nOffice buildings completed in 1970", "meta": {"title": "1900 Avenue of the Stars", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1900%20Avenue%20of%20the%20Stars", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A collaboration tool helps people to collaborate. The purpose of a collaboration tool is to support a group of two or more individuals to accomplish a common goal or objective. Collaboration tools can be either of a non-technological nature such as paper, flipcharts, post-it notes or whiteboards. They can also include software tools and applications such as collaborative software.\n\nCollaboration tools before Web 2.0 \nThe first idea to use computers in order to work with each other was formed in 1945 when Vannevar Bush shared his thoughts on a system he named\"memex\" in his article \"As We May Think\". A system that stores books, records and communications of an individual and makes them available at any time. At this stage he called it \"an enlarged supplement to his memory\".\n\nComputerized office automation \nIn 1968 computer systems were brought in connection with communication and the potential way of working together when not at the same place by Dr. J. C. R. Licklider, head of the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). In his article \u201cThe Computer as a Communication Device\u201d he envisioned the idea that there should be a way of \u201cfacilitating communication among people without bringing them together in one place\u201d , which eventually led to ARPANET, commercial time-sharing systems and finally the Internet.\n\nWhen the Microcomputer was invented in 1970, everyone learned about office automation, which led to the first collaborative software called Electronic Information Exchange System (EIES) that allowed to do surveys, threaded replies and group-structured approaches. In 1991 educator C. A. Ellis came up with the definition of the term \"groupware\" as \u201ccomputer-based systems that support groups of people engaged in a common task (or goal) and that provide an interface to a shared environment\u201d . Paul Wilson then shaped the term \u201cComputer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). He described it as \u201ca generic term which combines the understanding of the way people work in groups with the enabling technologies of computer networking, and associated hardware, software, services, and techniques\u201d.\n\nThis laid the foundation to develop further on the ideas of groupware and in the 1990s Lotus Notes, Microsoft Exchange Server and Outlook were invented. In 2002 at the Social Software Summit Clay Shirky introduced the phrase \u201csocial software\u201d as a \"software that supports group interaction\".\n\nMain types \nThree aspects of collaboration: communication, coordination and cooperation can be used to categorize collaboration tools.\n\nCommunication \nCommunication tools provide exchange of information between individuals:\n\nE-Mail\n\nThe invention of email as a collaboration tool changed the way we used to communicate in the workplace. It is the easiest method to make contact within an organization and is well established. Especially for organizing daily correspondence, email can reach various people with just one click.\n\nAlthough email is still the most common used tool in communication collaboration it is not very efficient on a big scale and other forms of communication seem to take over. Besides its flexibility it is not very good for group conversations as they grow too fast. There is no way to be sure that a person has the latest version of a document that has been sent to them and it is impossible to always track via their email what tasks need to be done and by which deadline. As Cisco states in their Cisco Blog about the \"Future of Email\", emails \"will improve productivity by organizing your data for you\"  and try to bring more transparency in their work with email.\n\nVoicemail \nVoicemail as a collaboration tool is more and more integrated in services such as Google Voice. As pointed out in an IBM future scenario the role of voicemail could be that of what email is for us today.\n\nInstant messaging (IM) \nThrough instant messaging as a collaboration tool we are able to reach people within an organisation in real-time. In the future instant messaging is not a stand-alone software anymore, but very well integrated in bigger solutions such as Unified Communication.\n\nVoIP (voice over IP) / video call \nVoice over IP as a collaboration tool has quickly gained popularity among companies and is part of their communication portfolio. As a report from Eclipse Telecom is pointing out, the VoIP is moving towards the state to totally replace our telephones in our offices and also integrate in existing collaboration service environments.\n\nCoordination \nCoordination is defined as \"the deliberate and orderly alignment or adjustment of partners\u2019 actions to achieve jointly determined goals\". Collaboration tools supporting this are the ones who allow a person to set up group activities, schedules and deliverables.\n\nOnline Calendars \nOnline calendars are part of professional behaviour at work and fully integrated in other systems. As a research paper from University of Bath explains, online calendars could in the future be much closely linked to other data such as social media and have even a larger effect.\n\nTime trackers \nTime trackers are especially used to measure the performance of employees. Its effect on productivity is discussed as being controversial.\n\nSpreadsheets \nSpreadsheets are like emails very popular within the corporate environment and as a collaboration tool essential for financial analysis or modelling. Although very popular, several studies found out that many spreadsheets contain inaccurate data and are therefore inefficient.\n\nCooperation \nCooperation tools allow groups to have real-time discussions and to shape an idea or thought together. Trends in terms of collaboration target on helping to maintain the \"main idea\" within big organizations and make connections visible. Also the idea of bringing people who are not working in a company on a regular basis into the organization and make use of their knowledge.\n\nVideo conferencing \nIn most cases video conferencing is part of the overall communication and collaboration strategy of organisations. Especially now when all services are cloud-based and therefore implementation costs became more affordable. The longterm vision for video conferencing lies in the correct usage of computer processing power, data storage or mobile bandwidth speeds to further decrease the obstacles of collaboration.\n\nIM teleconferencing \nBringing teams, meetings or events as close as possible is what teleconferencing solutions want to do. Apart from business environments Teleconferencing is currently used in a variety of fields, such as telemedicine, where they contribute enormously to the efficiency and productivity as distance and time are limited factors.\n\nClassification based on dimensions\n\nAsynchronous collaboration tools \nA collaboration tool is asynchronous when its users are collaborating at a different time:\n\nE-Mail, mailinglists and newsgroups \n\nE-Mail is the best known asynchronous collaboration tool and the most common used - it offers intuitive features for forwarding messages, creating mailing groups and attaching documents. Furthermore, information can be automatically chronologically sorted and assigned to tasks or calendar events.\n\nGroup calendar \n\nThrough group calendars meetings can be scheduled, projects managed and people coordinated. It is a great tool to help a person overlook their deliverables and deadlines. A group calendar includes functions such as the detection of conflicting schedules with other people in a team or organization or coordination of meeting times that suit everybody in a team. Besides the positive effects of group calendar there is also controversy about privacy and control that might influence a person's productivity.\n\nWorkflow systems \n\nWith workflow systems files or documents can be communicated to the organization by following a strict and organised process. They provide services for routing, development of forms and support for roles. As current workflow systems are controlled from one point, individuals within an organization normally do not have the permission to manage their own processes so far - this should be changed by implementing collaborative planning tools to current workflow systems.\n\nHypertext \n\nHypertext technology connects our files to each other and makes sure that always the latest version is available to us. When people work on different documents the system automatically updates the information of other people.\n\nSynchronous collaboration tools \n\nA collaboration tool is synchronous, when its users are collaborating at the same time:\n\nShared whiteboards \n\nShared whiteboards give its users the capability to work efficiently on a task through a web-based platform. They can be used for informal discussions and also for communications that need structure, involve drawing or are in general more sophisticated. This might also be very useful in to realise virtual classrooms.\n\nVideo communication systems \n\nVideo communication systems offer two-way or multi-way calling with a live videostream. It can be best compared to a telephone system with an additional visual element.\n\nChat systems \n\nChat systems allow people to write and send messages in real-time. They are usually structured in chat rooms which show usernames, number of people, location, discussion topic and more.\n\nDecision support systems \n\nDecision support systems support groups to manage the decision making process. They give people the ability to exchange their brainstorming, analyzing their ideas and even are used for voting. Decision making is becoming more and more a core function of modern work. According to studies 50% of organizational decisions fail.\n\nMultiplayer video games \n\nComputer games are a good example of how a multi-user situation could look like in the future. They are constantly developed and expanded with features such as chat and video systems.\n\nOnline Collaboration Tools \nOnline collaboration tools are web-based applications that offer basic services such as instant messaging for groups, mechanisms for file sharing and collaborative search engines (CSE) to find information distributed within the system of the organization, community or team. Additionally, the functionality is sometimes further expanded by providing for example integrated online calendars, shared online-whiteboards to organize tasks and ideas or internet teleconferencing integrations. The focus of online collaboration tools ranges from simple to complex, inexpensive to expensive, locally installed to remotely hosted and from commercial to open source.\n\nBackground \nNew gadgets and devices are invented every day with the goal in mind to make our daily work easier. Online collaboration tools currently try to tackle problems like these:\n\n '38% of employee time is lost duplicating work and 58% of people waste an hour a day looking for information'.\n '28 hours a week is spent on writing e-mails, searching for information and collaborating internally'.\n '59% of managers miss vital information because they cannot find it or never see it'.\n 'Six weeks per year are wasted by executives searching for lost documents'.\n\nThese aspects point out that the problem we are facing is not a technological problem - it is about people and their interactions. Although technology really helps us in this way, the key to solve these problems can be found in the way how we use these tools. Although video conferencing tools such as Skype or FaceTime connect us with everyone, they do not always give us all the contextual information. What we see might not be the reality, as there might be other people in the room that one does not know about while skyping with one's colleagues at work. More connectivity also allows more interruption: A person can work from home but is always interrupted by their neighbours or the lawnmower. This is why the future of collaboration tools looks for models that allow companies to collaborate in a focused and structured manner. One such application is the Finnish company Fingertip Ltd, which enables companies to facilitate collaboration and decision making.\n\nEvolvement\n\nFrom simple communication solutions to Unified Communications (UC) \nThe way we communicate with each other is constantly changing and disrupts our workplace environment. In 1971 programmer Ray Tomlinson sent the first message between two computers. Eight years later Usenet, a multi-network online forum, changed the way how we exchange information. With IRC in 1986, instant-messaging and group chatting became accessible for non-technical users for the first time and after the launch of AOL/AIM in 1992 we already faced the first global community. The invention of Wikipedia in 2001 and various social networks (MySpace, Linkedin and Facebook) forms a community that is connected to the digital world, globally oriented and willing to use collaboration tools not only for social interaction, but to enhance the efficiency at the workplace.\n\nFrom local to global - the needs of a global workforce \nApart from enhancing our efficiency, online collaboration tools face the change that organizations operate globally and the application of flexible working becomes even more important. Collaborative working environments are one of the drivers of the corporate globalization as they offer new business opportunities through innovation and help to and allow to collect knowledge from all over the world. Especially SME\u2019s and large organizations are capable to do business on a global scale by using them. Since 1950 the intensity of collaboration has extremely risen, the flow of information has become faster and the needed skills to carry out work has dramatically increased. Online collaboration tools therefore enable companies to survive in their globally oriented industries.\n\nIBM conducted a study with CIO\u2019s of organizations to find out which trends will most affect business in 2010, coming up with six main points:\n The participatory internet\n Changing workforce demographics\n The rise of software as a service\n The virtualization of data and devices\n Increasing of simplicity of technology\u2019s design and use\nAll of these points are stressing the importance of collaboration and define certain requirements for the future of online collaboration tools in order to consistently enable a wide business collaboration. Online collaboration tools such as social networking websites and web conferencing are demonstrating how fast the environment is changing \u2013 \u201cby 2010, the average salaried worker will actively participate in at least five different ad hoc teams simultaneously\u201d.\n\nWhen asking participants of \u201cThe New Global Study\u201d, a report done by the European Commission in 2009, about the benefits of online collaboration, the following three points were mentioned most:\n Supports coordination within a team (73% of respondents)\n Supports knowledge and learning (69%)\n Allows dispersed team-members to be a better part within the team\n\nSee also \n List of collaborative software\n Collaborative software\n Cloud collaboration\n Document collaboration\n Mass collaboration\n Virtual collaboration\n\nReferences \n\nCollaboration\nCollaborative software", "meta": {"title": "Collaboration tool", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaboration%20tool", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Agapovka, , \u00e8 una localit\u00e0 dell'Oblast' di \u010celjabinsk, capoluogo dell'Agapovskij rajon, che si trova sulla riva sinistra dell'Ural. \u00c8 stata fondata nel 1902.\n\nNote\n https://web.archive.org/web/20131115055138/http://panoramy.ru/gorod/39220/\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nCentri abitati dell'Oblast' di \u010celjabinsk", "meta": {"title": "Agapovka", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agapovka", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430!\u00bb\n\n\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u2014 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443 (\u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443). \u0412 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0413\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0443 \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0441 \u2014 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0435\u0446, \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u042e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435\u00bb.\n\n\u0421\u0443\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0441\u044b\u043d \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0441! \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u041c\u044b \u0431 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438: \u2014 \u0410 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438?\n\n\u0427\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e 17-\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430? \u2014\n\n\u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0431\u044b \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438.\n\n\u0422\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u2014 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0432 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c (\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043a 1 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1924 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430) .\n\n\u042d. \u041a\u0443\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0416\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432 .\n\n\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443 \u041c\u0430\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c, \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u041b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u00bb, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u00ab\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c\u00bb.\n\n\u041c. \u0410. \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0435\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432 \u0441\u044e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0439 \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u044f \u041f\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0443 \u201e\u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u2014 \u0411\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u2014 \u041f\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0442 \u2014 \u0418\u0435\u0448\u0443\u0430\u201c\u00bb . \u0417\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0410\u0421\u0421\u041e\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0430 (\u00ab\u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u00bb) \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a 12 \u0430\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c.\n\n\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0435\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \n \n \n \n \n \u041a\u043e\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0415.\u00a0\u042e.\u00a0\u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442 \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d: \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a // \u0414\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430: \u0441\u0431. \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447. \u0441\u0442. \u043a 60-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044e \u0410.\u00a0\u041c.\u00a0\u0411\u0443\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 / \u0440\u0435\u0434.: \u0410.\u00a0\u041d.\u00a0\u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e [\u0438 \u0434\u0440.].\u00a0\u2014 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434: \u0418\u0437\u0434-\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u041f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u00bb, 2005. \u0421. 350\u2014355.\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u00ab\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u0411\u0443\u043b\u0433\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u00bb\n \u0413\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u00a0\u0411.\u00a0\u041c. \u0418\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041c.\u00a0\u0410.\u00a0\u0411\u0443\u043b\u0433\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u00bb // \u0414\u0430\u0443\u0433\u0430\u0432\u0430, 1988, \u2116\u00a010-12; 1989, \u2116\u00a01. 1990, \u2116\u00a01, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u00ab\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u041e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb, 1989, \u2116\u00a010.\n\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u00bb\n\u0412\u044b\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u044b\n\u0412\u044b\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0420\u044e\u0445\u0438\u043d", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%20%D0%A0%D1%8E%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dimityr Dimitrow, bu\u0142g. \u0414\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u0414\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 (ur. 12 stycznia 1952) \u2013 bu\u0142garski siatkarz, reprezentant kraju, srebrny medalista olimpijski (1980), dwukrotny medalista mistrzostw Europy.\n\nPodczas igrzysk w Moskwie w lipcu 1980 roku zdoby\u0142 srebrny medal olimpijski w turnieju m\u0119\u017cczyzn. Bu\u0142garska reprezentacja zaj\u0119\u0142a w\u00f3wczas drugie miejsce, przegrywaj\u0105c tylko z zespo\u0142em ze Zwi\u0105zku Radzieckiego. Dimitrow wyst\u0105pi\u0142 w pi\u0119ciu meczach \u2013 w fazie grupowej przeciwko Kubie (wygrana 3:1), Czechos\u0142owacji (wygrana 3:0), Zwi\u0105zkowi Radzieckiemu (przegrana 0:3) i W\u0142ochom (wygrana 3:1) oraz w p\u00f3\u0142finale przeciwko Polsce (wygrana 3:0).\n\nW 1981 roku w Bu\u0142garii i w 1983 roku w NRD zdoby\u0142 br\u0105zowe medale mistrzostw Europy.\n\nJest ojcem tenisisty Grigora Dimitrowa, dwukrotnego olimpijczyka (2012, 2016).\n\nPrzypisy \n\nBu\u0142garscy siatkarze\nBu\u0142garscy medali\u015bci olimpijscy\nMedali\u015bci Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 1980\nUrodzeni w 1952", "meta": {"title": "Dimityr Dimitrow (siatkarz)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimityr%20Dimitrow%20%28siatkarz%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Groupement de scientifiques pour l'information sur l'\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire GSIEN (Association of Scientists for Information on Nuclear Energy) is a multidisciplinary  not-for-profit association of independent scientists who aim to spread information about the nuclear industry in France founded on December 15, 1975.\n\nIn addition to providing a structure within which independent evaluations can take place, GSIEN aims to ensure that the French nuclear industry, one of the World's largest, provides open and honest information.\n\nIn 1977 GSIEN was first to provide an explanation of the causes and consequences of the Three Mile Island accident, while the authorities tried to play-down the incident, however GSIEN came to prominence at the time of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster when the press and public found that their independent information helped to compensate for the shortcomings in the official information. They  subsequently became widely recognised after many of their members contributed to various overseas projects.\n\nHistory\nGSIEN was founded in the wake of the launch in 1974 of the Messmer Plan to switch all of France's electricity generation to nuclear power, which took place without public or parliamentary debate. The announcement of the Messmer Plan caused a split in the scientific community between those physicists (generally older) who favoured the plan, and those (generally younger) who were concerned about the potential risks, leading to l\u2019Appel des 400 (the appeal of the 400), a petition signed initially by over 400 scientists, and ultimately by around 4,000, expressing their concern over a number of issues including 'secrecy' and 'official propaganda'. GSIEN was created following this petition, inspired in part by model of the Union of Concerned Scientists in the United States, with the objective of disseminating information to 'prevent nuclear officials from turning information into propaganda'.\n\nIn 1998 Monique Sen\u00e9, nuclear physicist, one of GSIEN's co-founders and its president, was awarded the National Order of the Legion of Honour for her work as anti\u2013nuclear power activist.\n\nActivities\n\nPublications\nSince its first edition in June 1976, GSIEN has published over 250 editions of its quarterly newsletter, la Gazette Nucl\u00e9aire (the Nuclear Gazette).\n\nGSIEN has also published a number of books including Electro-nucl\u00e9aire : danger (1977, ), Plutonium Sur Rh\u00f4ne (1981, )\n\nTechnical expertise\nGSIEN members have been invited by several Local Information Commissions to participate in a number of 10-yearly nuclear plant inspections, including those at Fessenheim, Golfech Nuclear Power Plant and Blayais Nuclear Power Plant, as well as in a various other assessments.\n\nSee also\n\nNuclear power in France\nAnti-nuclear movement in France\n\nExternal links\n La Gazette Nucl\u00e9aire\n\nReferences\n\nNuclear energy in France\nPolitics of France\nAnti-nuclear organizations\nOrganizations established in 1975", "meta": {"title": "Groupement des scientifiques pour l'information sur l'\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupement%20des%20scientifiques%20pour%20l%27information%20sur%20l%27%C3%A9nergie%20nucl%C3%A9aire", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Das Internationaux de Strasbourg 2009 ist ein Tennis-Sandplatzturnier f\u00fcr Frauen in Stra\u00dfburg. Es war als Turnier der International-Kategorie Teil der WTA Tour 2009. Das Turnier fand vom 18. bis 23. Mai 2009 statt.\n\nDas Finale im Einzel bestritten Aravane Reza\u00ef und Lucie Hradeck\u00e1, das Reza\u00ef in zwei S\u00e4tzen gewann. Im Doppel gewann die Paarung Nathalie Dechy und Mara Santangelo in  S\u00e4tzen gegen Claire Feuerstein und St\u00e9phanie Foretz.\n\nQualifikation\n\nEinzel\n\nSetzliste\n\nErgebnisse\n\nDoppel\n\nSetzliste\n\nErgebnisse\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n\nWTA Tour 2009\n2009", "meta": {"title": "Internationaux de Strasbourg 2009", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationaux%20de%20Strasbourg%202009", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Diego Fernando Angles Quispe (nacido en Inchupalla, Huancan\u00e9, Per\u00fa; 20 de febrero de 1996) es un futbolista peruano que se demarca como defensa en el Deportivo Binacional de la Primera Divisi\u00f3n del Per\u00fa.\n\nTrayectoria\n\nFBC Melgar \nDiego Angles, debut\u00f3 oficialmente en el f\u00fatbol profesional el a\u00f1o 2015 con la camiseta de FBC Melgar enfrentando al Deportivo Municipal, ese a\u00f1o los arequipe\u00f1os salieron campeones del Torneo Descentralizado.\n\nDeportivo Binacional \nEl 2019 debut\u00f3 con la camiseta del Deportivo Binacional ante Alianza Lima en partido oficial por la fecha 15 del Torneo Apertura de la Liga 1. En esa ocasi\u00f3n los aliancistas se impusieron 2-1 en el estadio Alejandro Villanueva de Matute. El 2020 jugo ante LDU de Ecuador y Sao Paulo de Brasil por la Copa Libertadores, convirti\u00e9ndose en el segundo jugador pune\u00f1o en disputar un torneo internacional.\n\nPalmar\u00e9s\n\nCampeonatos nacionales\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n Diego Angles\n Pune\u00f1o Diego Angles renov\u00f3 con Deportivo Binacional\n Diego Angles: Ha sido una buena experiencia\n\nReferencias \n\n \nJuliaque\u00f1os\n Pune\u00f1os\nFutbolistas de Per\u00fa\nGuardametas de f\u00fatbol\nFutbolistas del Club Deportivo Binacional FC\nFutbolistas del Foot Ball Club Melgar\nFutbolistas del Club Deportivo Alfonso Ugarte", "meta": {"title": "Diego Angles", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego%20Angles", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "9 Odcinek Stra\u017cy Granicznej (Grenzschutz-Abschnitts-Kommando 9, G-AK 9) \u2013 niemiecki oddzia\u0142 graniczny okresu III Rzeszy. Bra\u0142 udzia\u0142 w niemieckiej agresji na Polsk\u0119 we wrze\u015bniu 1939 w sk\u0142adzie XXX Korpusu Armijnego gen. artylerii Otto Hartmanna 5 Armii gen. piechoty Curta Liebmanna.\n\nDow\u00f3dc\u0105 tego oddzia\u0142u by\u0142 Generalleutnant Georg Brandt.\n\nW dniach 2 - 4 wrze\u015bnia 1939 oddzia\u0142 by\u0142 odpowiedzialny za zaj\u0119cie polskiej cz\u0119\u015bci g\u00f3rno\u015bl\u0105skiego okr\u0119gu przemys\u0142owego. Po  bitwie pod Wyrami i wycofaniu si\u0119 ze \u015al\u0105ska wojsk polskich zajmowa\u0142 m.in. Katowice, Chorz\u00f3w, Siemianowice \u015al\u0105skie oraz miasta Zag\u0142\u0119bia D\u0105browskiego.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \nObrona wie\u017cy spadochronowej w Katowicach\n\nBibliografia \n Janusz Pieka\u0142kiewicz, Polski wrzesie\u0144, Wyd. Magnum, Warszawa 2004.\n\nHistoria Siemianowic \u015al\u0105skich\nNiemieckie odcinki Stra\u017cy Granicznej z okresu kampanii wrze\u015bniowej\nOdcinki Stra\u017cy Granicznej III Rzeszy\nWojsko w Chorzowie\nWojsko w Katowicach\nZag\u0142\u0119bie D\u0105browskie", "meta": {"title": "9 Odcinek Stra\u017cy Granicznej (III Rzesza)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%20Odcinek%20Stra%C5%BCy%20Granicznej%20%28III%20Rzesza%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fly to the Stars (foaled 2 February 1994) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire best known for his win in the 1999 Lockinge Stakes. He competed in the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, the United Arab Emirates and the United States, winning six of his twenty-four starts in a racing career which lasted from October 1996 to September 2000.\n\nOriginally trained by Mark Johnston he showed very good form as a three-year-old in 1997 when he won the Britannia Stakes and the Schweppes Golden Mile as well as being placed in the Leopardstown 2,000 Guineas Trial Stakes and the Topkapi Trophy. In 1998 he raced in the ownership of the Godolphin stable and developed into a top-class miler, winning the Prix Messidor and the Prix du Rond Point as well as finishing second in the Royal Hunt Cup, third in the Dubai Duty Free and fifth in the Breeders' Cup Mile. He recorded his biggest win on his first appearance of 1999 with his win in the Lockinge Stakes. He failed to win in five subsequent starts, several of which saw him being employed as a pacemaker for more highly regarded stablemates.\n\nAfter his retirement from racing Fly to the Stars stood as a breeding stallion in France, New Zealand and Poland. He has had moderate results as a sire of winners.\n\nBackground\nFly to the Stars is a dark bay horse with no white markings bred in England by the Hampshire-based Bishop's Down Farm. As a yearling he was offered for sale at Tattersalls in October 1995 and was bought for 125,000 guineas by the bloodstock agent Charles Gordon-Watson. The colt entered the ownership of Peter Savill and was sent into training with Mark Johnston at Middleham in North Yorkshire.\n\nHe was sired by Bluebird, a Kentucky-bred, Irish-trained sprinter who won the King's Stand Stakes in 1987. The best of his other progeny included Lake Coniston, Swallow Flight (Sandown Mile), Dolphin Street (Prix de la For\u00eat), Twilight Blues (Duke of York Stakes), Bluegrass Prince (Diomed Stakes), Macaw (Elkhorn Stakes), Aube Indienne (Yellow Ribbon Stakes) and Delilah (Park Hill Stakes). Fly to the Stars' dam Rise and Fall showed little racing ability, finishing unplaced in all of her four starts. Her dam Light Duty was a full-sister to the outstanding racehorse and broodmare Highclere.\n\nRacing career\n\n1996: two-year-old season\nFly to the Stars began his racing career in a maiden race over six furlongs at Newbury Racecourse on 24 October in which he was ridden by Kevin Darley, Starting at odds of 14/1 he finished third of the twenty-three runners behind the Barry Hills trained Za-Im. On 5 November he started favourite for a maiden over seven furlongs at Redcar Racecourse but was beaten into second place by Tayseer.\n\n1997: three-year-old season\nOn his first run of 1997 Fly to the Stars was ridden by Jason Weaver and started 5/6 favourite for an eight-runner maiden over one mile at Doncaster Racecourse on 20 March and recorded his first win, drawing away from his opponents in the final furlong to win by seven lengths. The colt was then stepped up in class and sent to Ireland for the 2000 Guineas Trial Stakes at Leopardstown Racecourse for which he started favourite but was beaten a short head by the Jim Bolger-trained Lil's Boy. Despite his defeat he was then moved up to Group One class for the Irish 2000 Guineas at the Curragh in May. He led the field into the straight but was outpaced in the closing stages and finished fifth of the six runners behind Desert King.\n\nFly to the Stars was then dropped in class and stepped up in distance for a ten furlong handicap race at Epsom Racecourse and finished fourth to Jaunty Jack under top weight of 133 pounds. On 17 June the colt was one of twenty-eight three-year-olds to contest the Britannia Handicap over one mile at Royal Ascot. Ridden as on his previous appearance by Olivier Peslier he carried 129 pounds and started at odds of 20/1. After racing behind the leaders he began to make progress in the last quarter mile, took the lead a furlong out and \"ran on well\" to win by one and a half lengths from the Michael Stoute-trained gelding Komi. He was then matched against older handicappers at Sandown Park Racecourse on 16 July and ran poorly, finishing sixteenth of the eighteen runners behind the four-year-old gelding Hawksley Hill. Fifteen days after his disappointing effort at Sandown, Fly to the Stars carried 132 pounds and started at odds of 12/1 for the valuable Schweppes Golden Mile Handicap at Goodwood Racecourse. Peslier positioned Fly to the Stars from the start before sending the colt into the lead inside the final furlong to win by one and a quarter lengths from Crumpton Hill and eighteen others.\n\nIn August Fly to the Stars was sent to France and moved back up to Listed level for the Prix de Tourgeville at Deauville Racecourse and finished second to the Criquette Head-Maarek-trained Marathon. The colt ended his season with a trip to Turkey for a run in the Topkapi Trophy over 1600 metres at Veliefendi Race Course on 13 September. After taking the lead 500 metres out he was overtaken in the straight and finished third behind his fellow British challengers Sandstone and Ramooz.\n\nAt the end of the season he was bought privately by Sheikh Mohammed's Godolphin organisation and was moved to the training stable of Saeed bin Suroor.\n\n1998: four-year-old season\nHaving spent the winter with the Godolphin stable in Dubai, Fly to the Stars began his third season with three races at Nad Al Sheba Racecourse. Racing on dirt, he finished second to Wathik in the first round of the Al Maktoum Challenge in January and third behind the same horse in the third round of the series in February. On Dubai World Cup Night on 28 March he contested the Dubai Duty Free over 2000 metres and finished third behind Annus Mirabilis and Intikhab.\n\nIn June, on his return to European turf racing Fly to the Stars was assigned a weight of 137 pounds for the Royal Hunt Cup and started the 6/1 favourite in a thirty-two-runner field. Ridden by Frankie Dettori, he finished one and a half lengths second to Refuse To Lose, a horse to whom he was conceding twenty-eight pounds. Daragh O'Donohoe took over the ride when Fly to the Stars ran in the Group Three Prix Messidor at Deauville on 12 July and started second favourite behind the Andr\u00e9 Fabre-trained five-year-old Alamo Bay. After leading from the start he was headed by Jim And Tonic 200 metres out but rallied in the closing stages to regain the advantage and win by a head.\n\nAfter a break of three months the colt returned in the Group Two Prix du Rond Point over 1600 metres at Longchamp Racecourse in October when he was reunited with Dettori and started second favourite behind Gold Away (runner-up in the Prix Jean Prat and Prix du Moulin). The other runners included Silic, Decorated Hero (winner of the race in 1997) and Ramooz. Fly to the Stars led from the start, accelerated clear of the field in the last 400 metres and won by two and a half lengths from Gold Away. On his final appearance of the season, the colt was sent to the United States for the Breeders' Cup Mile at Churchill Downs on 7 November and ran fifth behind Da Hoss, with Favorite Trick, Cape Cross, Among Men and Desert Prince finishing further back in the field.\n\n1999: five-year-old season\nFly to the Stars began his 1999 campaign in the Group One Lockinge Stakes over one mile at Newbury on 15 May. With Richard Hills partnering the Godolphin stable's first string Intikhab (the 4/7 favourite) the ride on Fly to the Stars (9/1) went to the Irish jockey Willie Supple. The other four runners were Jim And Tonic, Almushtarak (Sandown Mile), Tomba (Prix de la For\u00eat) and Duck Row (third in the St James's Palace Stakes). Racing on soft ground Fly to the Stars took the lead from the start and stayed on \"gamely\" under pressure in the closing stages to win by a lengths and a half from Jim And Tonic with Almushtarak a neck away in third place.\n\nIn two subsequent starts that year, Fly to the Stars failed to reproduce his Newbury form when tried on firmer ground. At Royal Ascot in June he started second favourite for the Queen Anne Stakes but faded badly in the last quarter mile and finished seventh of the eight runners, more than twenty lengths behind the winner Cape Cross. At Longchamp in September he set the pace for his stablemate Aljabr in the Prix du Moulin before finishing eighth behind Sendawar.\n\n2000: six-year-old season\nFly to the Stars remained in training as a six-year-old but failed to win or place in three races. He began his season by running for the second time in the Dubai Duty Free and set the pace before finishing seventh to his stablemate Rhythm Band. On his European seasonal debut he contested the Group Three Diomed Stakes at Epsom Racecourse but after losing a shoe early in the race he finished last of the five runners behind Trans Island. On his final appearance he acted as a pacemaker for Diktat in the Prix du Moulin and led for most of the way before finishing fourth of the eight runners behind Indian Lodge.\n\nStud record\nAt the end of his racing career, Fly to the Stars became a breeding stallion for his owners Darley Stud. He began his stud career at the Haras du Logis in France, and was also \"shuttled\" to stand at the Ashwell Farm in Cambridge, New Zealand. He was later exported to stand in Poland. The best of his offspring have included th Listed winner Salsalavie and the steeplechaser Cafe de Paris.\n\nPedigree\n\nReferences \n\n1994 racehorse births\nRacehorses bred in the United Kingdom\nRacehorses trained in the United Kingdom\nThoroughbred family 2-f", "meta": {"title": "Fly to the Stars", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly%20to%20the%20Stars", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hol\u00ed\u010d es un municipio del distrito de Skalica en la regi\u00f3n de Trnava, Eslovaquia, con una poblaci\u00f3n estimada a final del a\u00f1o 2017 de . \n\nSe encuentra ubicado al norte de la regi\u00f3n, en los peque\u00f1os C\u00e1rpatos y cerca del r\u00edo V\u00e1h (cuenca hidrogr\u00e1fica del Danubio) y de la frontera con la Rep\u00fablica Checa.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos\n\nMunicipios del Distrito de Skalica\nCiudades de Eslovaquia", "meta": {"title": "Hol\u00ed\u010d", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hol%C3%AD%C4%8D", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Terfesse, terf\u00e8ze, terfez, terf\u00e8s, terfass ou terifass dite aussi truffe des sables ou encore truffe du d\u00e9sert sont des appellations commerciales d'esp\u00e8ces comestibles de champignons hypog\u00e9s apparent\u00e9s \u00e0 la truffe.\n\nElles ne sont pas reconnues en France comme truffes, car cette appellation est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 des esp\u00e8ces du genre Tuber.\n\nHabitat\nElles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9es dans les zones arides et semi-arides du d\u00e9sert du Kalahari, du bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en, du Kurdistan, de la Syrie, de l'Azerba\u00efdjan, de l'Iran, de l'Irak, du Kowe\u00eft, du d\u00e9sert du N\u00e9guev en Isra\u00ebl/  Palestine, du Sahara, de l'Arabie saoudite, du Qatar, de la Libye, de l'Espagne, Gr\u00e8ce, Chypre, Hongrie, Croatie et Chine.\n\nElles poussent \u00e9galement dans les pays de l'Afrique du Nord, tels que l'Alg\u00e9rie, la Tunisie et le Maroc.\n\nNoms vernaculaires\nLes truffes du d\u00e9sert portent plusieurs noms vernaculaires diff\u00e9rents qui participent \u00e0 la confusions entre les diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces. Certains sont d\u00e9riv\u00e9s du Latin Terfezia qui d\u00e9signait cette truffe qui faisait l'objet de commerce \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque de la Rome Antique.\n\nEn Iran, elles sont appel\u00e9es Donbalan ou Dombal.\n\nElles sont appel\u00e9s Domalan dans les r\u00e9gions de l'Anatolie centrale et du Kurdistan, \u00e9galement Keme \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re syro-kurde.\n\nEn Alg\u00e9rie, Maroc et Tunisie, on les appelle terfez, les b\u00e9douins du d\u00e9sert occidental les appellent terfas \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0633. Il n\u2019est pas rare de voir les termes suivants: terfesse, terf\u00e8ze, terfez, terf\u00e8s, terfass ou terifass\n\nAu Kowe\u00eft, en Arabie saoudite et en Oman, elles sont nomm\u00e9es \u0641\u0642\u0639 (prononc\u00e9 faga\u2018 ou faqa\u2018).\n\nEn Arabie saoudite, il existe deux vari\u00e9t\u00e9s. Les khalasi sont ovales avec une peau noire et un int\u00e9rieur ivoire ros\u00e9, et les zubaidi ont une couleur cr\u00e8me, mais sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement plus chers.\n\nEn Syrie, et en Libye terfase \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0633, elles sont connues sous leur nom arabe classique, kamaa \u0643\u0645\u0623.\n\nLes Irakiens les appellent kamaa, kima ou chima \u0643\u0645\u0623, selon les dialectes locaux\n\nLe mot h\u00e9breu est kmehin (kmeha au singulier).\n\nDans le sud de l'Espagne, ils sont connus sous le nom de turmas ou criadillas et aux \u00eeles Canaries, ils sont connus sous le nom de Papas Crias.\n\nAu Botswana, elles sont appel\u00e9es mahupu.\n\nLes Nama-Damara les appellent Nabas, o\u00f9 ils sont \u00e9galement connus sous le nom de \"truffe du Kalahari\".\n\nEn Hongrie, elles sont connues sous le nom d'homoki szarvasgomba (\"truffes de sable\") et sont vendues aux nations anglophones sous le nom de truffes au miel.\n\nDans les pays oc\u00e9aniques, il y a une certaine confusion concernant la truffe du d\u00e9sert, car l'igname est souvent appel\u00e9e aussi la truffe commune du d\u00e9sert (common desert truffle).\n\nQualit\u00e9s gastronomiques \nSi elles n'ont pas le parfum de la truffe gastronomique v\u00e9ritable, elles ont cependant leur place dans les cuisines o\u00f9 elles sont traditionnelles, comme la gastronomie arabe et juive. \n\nElles contiennent beaucoup d'acide linol\u00e9ique et pr\u00e9sentent donc une valeur nutritionnelle incontestable.\n\nTaxinomie \nListe des esp\u00e8ces trouv\u00e9es sous ces noms, ainsi que leurs noms commerciaux \u00e9ventuels :\n genre Tuber\n Tuber oligospermum\n Tuber asa-foetida, dite terfass m\u00e2le des terfass\n genre Delastria\n Delastria rosea, dite terfass am\u00e8re de ta\u00efga\n genre Terfezia\n Terfezia arenaria\n Terfezia boudieri\n Terfezia claveryi\n Terfezia leptoderma\n genre Tirmania\n Tirmania pinoyi\n Tirmania nivea\n genre Picoa\n Picoa juniperi\n\n genre Mattirolomyce\n Mattirolomyce terfezioide (Honey truffles ou Hungarian Sweet Truffle dans les pays Anglo-saxons)\n\nVoir aussi \n\n Truffe\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nBibliographie \n .\n .\n .\n .\n\nLiens externes \n \u00ab T\u2026 Comme truffe, oui mais les terfez ? \u00bb, sur truffe-passion.fr (consult\u00e9 le ).\n\nNom de champignon ambigu\nFausse truffe\nChampignon comestible", "meta": {"title": "Terfesse", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terfesse", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Carouge loriot (Gymnomystax mexicanus) est une esp\u00e8ce de passereaux de la famille des Icteridae. C'est la seule esp\u00e8ce du genre Gymnomystax.\n\nR\u00e9partition \nOn le trouve au Br\u00e9sil, Colombie, \u00c9quateur, Guyane fran\u00e7aise, Guyana, P\u00e9rou, Suriname et Venezuela.\n\nHabitat \nIl habite les zones humides tropicales et subtropicales: for\u00eats, broussailles, prairies ainsi que les zones inondables.\n\nLiens externes \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Photos\n\nIcteridae", "meta": {"title": "Carouge loriot", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carouge%20loriot", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "De Meester van de Kroniek van Pisa was een miniaturist die actief was in Brugge omstreeks 1440 \u2013 1470. Hij bleef lang een van de vele anonieme kunstenaars de bekend stonden als de navolgers van Willem Vrelant. Het is pas recent dat een aantal werken typerend voor zijn stijl vergeleken werden en dat zijn eigen persoonlijkheid werd vastgesteld.\n\nZijn noodnaam verwijst naar een Kroniek van Pisa (BnF, Parijs, ms. fr. 9041) die in opdracht van Antoon van Bourgondi\u00eb werd gemaakt en waarvan deze kunstenaar het titelblad illustreerde met een miniatuur die gebaseerd was op een prototype van Vrelant uit de Chroniques de Hainaut (Koninklijke Bibliotheek van Belgi\u00eb, Brussel, ms.9243, ff.260r en 276r).).\n\nVrelant en deze meester waren beiden in Brugge gevestigd en er zijn talrijke aanwijzingen dat ze nauw samenwerkten, zoals die andere anonymus die we kennen als de Meester van de Vraie cronique descoce.  Beide verluchters deelden verschillende stijlkenmerken met Vrelant. Ze werkten ook zelfstandig maar ze waren niet origineel en vindingrijk genoeg om zich van de meester te onderscheiden.\n\nWerken \nHet corpus van de Meester van de Kroniek van Pisa is vrij beperkt maar laat toch toe om zijn werk te beoordelen. Hij schilderde zowel grisailles als miniaturen in kleur. \n\nNaast de Kroniek van Pisa werkte hij onder meer mee aan een Bible moralis\u00e9e die tussen 1455 en 1460 gemaakt werd voor Lodewijk van Gruuthuse, nu in Parijs in de BnF als ms. fr. 897. Dit werk werd gemaakt door drie miniaturisten met miniaturen in semigrisaille; het leeuwendeel ervan is van de hand van de Meester van de Kroniek van Pisa. Ook Vrelant leverde er zijn bijdrage aan, een schitterende miniatuur vooraan in het werk (f6v) die het offer van Isaac voorstelt. Hierop volgen twee miniaturen van een andere artiest en daarna 40 kleinere miniaturen van de hand van de Meester van de Kroniek van Pisa. Hij schilderde ook het frontispice. Naast de miniaturen van zijn hand staat een nummering in Romeinse cijfers, een productiemerk dat we ook terugvinden in de binnenmarges van de Kroniek van Pisa.\n\nDe meester verluchtte ook een exemplaar van het Livre des Bonnes moeurs van Jacques Legrand (Vaticaanstad, Vaticaanse Bibliotheek, ms. pal. lat.1995). Het handschrift werd in 1467 gekopieerd door David Aubert voor Guillaume Bourgeois, raadsheer van de hertog van Bourgondi\u00eb.\n\nHij werkte tussen 1465 en 1470 ook mee aan een getijdenboek, de Pembroke Hours (Philadelphia, Philadelphia Museum of Art, The Philip S. Collins collection, inv. 1945-65-2) tussen 1465 en 1470. De hand van de meester is hier herkenbaar in de halfbladminiaturen van de Mariagetijden.\n\nDeze werken in een vrij homogene stijl, werden gemaakt in de periode dat hij in de nabijheid van Vrelant werkte. Daarnaast werkte hij ook aan een aantal handschriften voor de grote bibliofielen en de boekenmarkt. Dit resulteerde in een aantal eerder middelmatige werken die toch duidelijk aan de meester of een zeer nabije medewerker kunnen worden toegeschreven, zoals:\n La Fleur des Histoires van Jean Mansel, Biblioth\u00e8que de Gen\u00e8ve, ms. fr. 64\n \u00c9pitre d\u2019Oth\u00e9a, Cologny (Gen\u00e8ve), Fondation Bodmer, ms. 49\n Bundel mystieke traktaten Brussel, Koninklijke Bibliotheek van Belgi\u00eb, ms. 9297-9302\n\nHet deel van zijn werk waartoe La Fleur des Histoires en l\u2019\u00c9pitre d\u2019Oth\u00e9a behoren, is misschien verwant met de productie van de Dresdener Nachfolger Vrelants, niet te verwarren met Meester van het gebedenboek van Dresden een andere anonymus die mogelijk te vereenzelvigen is met de Meester van de Kroniek van Pisa.\n\nStijlkenmerken \nDe meester schildert in een vrij lineaire stijl met scherpe omtreklijnen. Zijn figuren hebben daardoor een lichte stijve houding. De gelaatstrekken hebben een uitgesproken grafisch aspect. De plooien van de gewaden zijn uitgehold en op conventionele wijze gedrapeerd, soms wat overdreven afgebroken. De architecturale elementen worden vereenvoudigd weergegeven en de schaal lijkt willekeurig gekozen. De landschappen blijven vrij leeg, maar afbeeldingen van de zee met woeste golven of van spectaculaire wolkenhemels zijn schilderachtig en naturalistisch.\n\nExterne links \n Kroniek van Pisa doorbladeren op Gallica.\n Bible moralis\u00e9e doorbladeren op Gallica.\n La Fleur des Histoires online raadplegen.\n \u00c9pitre d\u2019Oth\u00e9a online raadplegen.\n\nZuid-Nederlands miniaturist (voor 1830)\nPersoon in de Nederlanden in de 15e eeuw\n15e-eeuws kunstenaar\nNoodnaam", "meta": {"title": "Meester van de Kroniek van Pisa", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meester%20van%20de%20Kroniek%20van%20Pisa", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Spieleentwicklungskombinat GmbH (SEK.ost) \u2013 niemiecki producent gier komputerowych istniej\u0105cy w latach 1998\u20132014.\n\nHistoria \nSEK.ost zosta\u0142o za\u0142o\u017cone w 1998 r. w Berlinie przez Carolin Batke, Thomasa Langhanki, Ingo Neumanna i Carstena Orthbandta. Pierwotnie nazwana Das Kombinat, ju\u017c w 2000 r. zosta\u0142a przemianowana na t\u0119, pod kt\u00f3r\u0105 sta\u0142a si\u0119 p\u00f3\u017aniej znana. Pe\u0142na nazwa SpieleEntwicklungsKombinat, logo oraz strona internetowa producenta nawi\u0105zywa\u0142y do czas\u00f3w komunizmu i istniej\u0105cych w\u00f3wczas kombinat\u00f3w. Tw\u00f3rcy rozpocz\u0119li prac\u0119 nad Wiggles\u2019ami \u2013 strategi\u0105, kt\u00f3ra mia\u0142a si\u0119 charakteryzowa\u0107 wulgarno\u015bci\u0105 i wzbudza\u0107 kontrowersje, co starano si\u0119 podkre\u015bla\u0107 w trakcie kampanii promocyjnej. Gra zadebiutowa\u0142a w 2001 r., lecz premiera ta nie oby\u0142a si\u0119 bez wprowadzenia kilku zmian, np. na rynek australijski i ameryka\u0144ski, tytu\u0142 gry zosta\u0142 zmieniony na The Diggles, aby unikn\u0105\u0107 skojarze\u0144 z australijskim dzieci\u0119cym zespo\u0142em o tej samej nazwie. Ostatecznie, gra (poza Niemcami) nie odnios\u0142a znacz\u0105cego sukcesu, za\u015b samo studio sta\u0142o si\u0119 w sierpniu 2001 r. cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 Sunflowers, kt\u00f3re kupi\u0142o 30% akcji firmy. Ze wsparciem finansowym wydawcy, kontynuowano prace nad now\u0105 gr\u0105 o tytule ParaWorld. Ten osadzony w alternatywnym \u015bwiecie RTS, gdzie ludzie egzystuj\u0105 wraz z dinozaurami, pojawi\u0142 si\u0119 w 2006 r, i podobnie jak poprzednie dzie\u0142o tw\u00f3rc\u00f3w, sprzeda\u0142a si\u0119 poni\u017cej oczekiwa\u0144 wydawcy (liczono na sprzeda\u017c rz\u0119du 500 000 sztuk; ostatecznie sprzedano ok. 100 tysi\u0119cy sztuk), co zadecydowa\u0142o o zerwaniu wsp\u00f3\u0142pracy z SEK.ost; a sam zesp\u00f3\u0142 zosta\u0142 rozwi\u0105zany w styczniu 2007 r.\n\nWyprodukowane gry\n\nPrzypisy \n\nNiemieccy producenci gier komputerowych\nBy\u0142e przedsi\u0119biorstwa w Niemczech", "meta": {"title": "SEK.ost", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEK.ost", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Charles Edward Kelly (born November 25, 1963) is an American football coach who is the head coach of the UCLA Bruins. He came to prominence as the head coach of the Oregon Ducks from 2009 to 2012, whom he led to four consecutive BCS bowl game appearances, including the 2011 BCS National Championship Game. This success led to him serving as a head coach in the National Football League (NFL) for four seasons, three with the Philadelphia Eagles (2013\u20132015) and one with the San Francisco 49ers (2016). Kelly only made the playoffs in his first season with Philadelphia, and he was fired from both teams. After leaving the NFL, Kelly returned to college football in 2018 to coach UCLA.\n\nEarly life and education\nKelly was born in Dover, New Hampshire. He attended Manchester Central High School and earned his Bachelor of Science in physical education from the University of New Hampshire in 1990. He played quarterback at Manchester Central and defensive back at the University of New Hampshire. Additionally, he played ice hockey and basketball during his high school years.\n\nCoaching career\n\nEarly coaching years\nKelly broke into the coaching ranks in 1990 at Columbia University, where he served as secondary and special teams coach for the freshman team. The next year, he was outside linebackers and strong safeties coach for the varsity team. In 1992, he went to the University of New Hampshire as the running backs coach. He left to become the defensive coordinator at the Johns Hopkins University for one season. He returned to his alma mater as the running backs coach for the next three seasons (1994\u201396). He was just in time to devise a zone-blocking scheme for star Jerry Azumah. From 1995 through 1998, the speedy back raised the profile of UNH football as he rushed for what was then an FCS record 6,193 yards. He changed to the offensive line coach for two seasons (1997\u201398).\n\nKelly was promoted to offensive coordinator at New Hampshire (1999\u20132006). The Wildcats' offenses averaged better than 400 yards per game of total offense in seven of his eight seasons\nIn 2004, the school broke 29 offensive school records; compiling 5,446 yards of total offense and scoring 40 or more points in seven games. Their best offensive output was in 2005 when the Wildcats finished second nationally in total offense (493.5 ypg), third in scoring (41.7 ppg) and fifth in passing (300.1 ypg). They completed the season with an 11\u20132 record.\n\nHe was named the College Assistant Coach of the Year by the Gridiron Club of Greater Boston following the 2005 season in addition to being selected as \"one of college football's hottest coaches\" by American Football Monthly. In 2006, quarterback Ricky Santos won the Walter Payton Award under Kelly's guidance, after Santos finished second in balloting for the award in 2005.\n\nKelly, along with Florida Gators former head coach Dan Mullen, former Winnipeg Blue Bombers offensive coordinator Gary Crowton, and Ohio State head coach Ryan Day, are part of the so-called \"New Hampshire mafia\" as they all have strong connections to New Hampshire.\n\nOregon Ducks (2007\u20132012)\nKelly coached the Oregon Ducks to BCS games in each of his four seasons as head coach; the 2010 Rose Bowl, 2011 BCS National Championship Game, 2012 Rose Bowl, and 2013 Fiesta Bowl. He coached Oregon to three consecutive outright conference championships from 2009 to 2011 and a conference division title in 2012. Oregon won its second consecutive BCS bowl game after they defeated #5 Kansas State in the 2013 Fiesta Bowl. What may be considered the most important part of Kelly's r\u00e9sum\u00e9 at Oregon, however, is that he posted undefeated records against the Ducks most hated rivals, the Oregon State Beavers and the Washington Huskies, something never before achieved by an Oregon coach.\n\nHe was named the 2009 and 2010 Pac-10 Coach of the Year, 2010 Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year, 2010 Walter Camp Coach of the Year, 2010 Sporting News Coach of the Year, 2010 AFCA Coach of the Year Award, and 2010 Associated Press Coach of the Year.\n\nOffensive coordinator\nKelly was hired as offensive coordinator at Oregon in February 2007. His potent spread offense attack was an instant success at Oregon.\n\nIn his first season as offensive coordinator at Oregon, the Ducks led the Pac-10 in scoring (38.15 ppg) and total offense (467.54 ypg), and also became the highest scoring team while amassing the most yards in the history of Oregon football. Prior to Kelly's arrival at Oregon, Dennis Dixon struggled in his first three seasons at quarterback. Under Kelly's guidance, Dixon was the Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year and emerged as a Heisman Trophy candidate.\n\nIn 2008, the Ducks once again led the Pac-10 in scoring (41.9 ppg) and total offense (484.8 ypg), while breaking the school record marks set the previous season.\n\nHead coach\nOn March 31, 2009, Oregon announced head coach Mike Bellotti would be promoted to athletic director; consequently, Kelly would be promoted to head coach.\n\n2009 season\nKelly helped the Ducks gain national attention in 2009 after an upset of the then #5 USC Trojans on October 31. Kelly became the first Pac-10 coach to win an outright conference championship in his first season, sending the Ducks to the Rose Bowl for the first time since 1995. The Ducks hoped to win their first Rose Bowl since 1917, but lost a close game to Ohio State University. On December 7, 2009, Kelly was named Pac-10 Coach of the year. He was the second Ducks coach to earn the honor, the other being Rich Brooks (two times).\n\n2010 season\n\nPrior to the 2010 season, Kelly suspended Jeremiah Masoli for the season after the quarterback pleaded guilty to second-degree burglary charges, marking the second year in a row that a key player was suspended. Masoli was later dismissed from the team following an arrest for marijuana possession and several driving infractions.\n\nIn early October, Kelly led the team to a #1 spot on the AP, Harris, and USA Today Coaches Poll, followed a few weeks later by a #1 BCS ranking. With a 37\u201320 win over the Oregon State Beavers on December 4, 2010, Kelly led the Ducks to a 9\u20130 finish in conference play, winning their second consecutive outright Pac-10 title. With Darron Thomas at quarterback and Doak Walker Award winner LaMichael James at running back, the Ducks averaged 49.3 points and 537.5 yards per game in the regular season.\n\nIn December, following an undefeated 12\u20130 season and an end-of-season #2 BCS ranking, Oregon was selected to play the #1 Auburn Tigers in the BCS national championship game on January 10, 2011. The Tigers, out of the Southeastern Conference, were coached by Gene Chizik, and had the Heisman Trophy winner at quarterback in Cam Newton. The Ducks lost, 22\u201319, on a last-second, 19-yard field goal by Wes Byrum. It was the closest that a team from the Pacific Northwest has come to winning a share of the national championship since 1991.\n\nIn recognition of his coaching achievements, Kelly received the Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year award, the Walter Camp Coach of the Year award and was named Pac-10 Coach of the Year for the second year running. Kelly also won the AP Coach of the Year.\n\n2011 season\nThe 2011 season began with the #3 Ducks facing the #4 LSU Tigers in the Cowboys Classic where they were defeated 40\u201327. Oregon won their next nine games, including a 53\u201330 blowout victory at #3 Stanford.\n\nA consecutive trip back to the BCS Championship appeared to be a strong possibility, but they were defeated 38\u201335 by #18 USC when an Oregon field goal attempt failed as time expired.\n\nThe Ducks won their third straight Pac-12 championship title after defeating UCLA in the inaugural Pac-12 Football Championship Game. They represented the Pac-12 in the Rose Bowl and defeated #10 Wisconsin 45\u201338. It was their second Rose Bowl appearance in three years and their sixth overall. This was Oregon's third consecutive year in a BCS bowl game.\n\nThe Ducks finished the season 12\u20132 (8\u20131 Pac-12) with a #4 final season ranking.\n\n2012 season\nOregon's all-time leading rusher LaMichael James decided to forgo his senior season in 2012 for the NFL and starting quarterback Darron Thomas, with a career starting record of 23\u20133, surprisingly also decided to leave early for the NFL.\n\nLed by redshirt freshman Marcus Mariota at quarterback and senior tailback Kenjon Barner, Oregon rolled to ten straight victories before finally falling to #14 Stanford in overtime 17\u201314 on November 17. Oregon had two opportunities to beat Stanford with a field goal but both attempts failed. Kelly's Ducks would rebound to beat #16 Oregon State in the Civil War for the fifth straight year and play #5 Kansas State in the 2013 Fiesta Bowl. The Ducks proved to be too much for Kansas State as they prevailed to a 35\u201317 victory in Oregon's fourth consecutive year in a BCS bowl game.\n\nThe Ducks finished the season 12\u20131 (8\u20131 Pac-12) with a #2 ranking, putting them in the top five of the final season rankings for the third straight season.\n\nNCAA sanctions\nOn April 16, 2013, The Oregonian reported that the University of Oregon has offered to put its football program on two years' probation in response to NCAA violations that allegedly took place during Kelly's tenure as head coach. On June 26, 2013, the NCAA Committee on Infractions issued its report concluding the investigation into Oregon's use of football scouting services. Oregon received 3 years of probation, reduction of scholarships, but no bowl ban. Kelly received an 18-month show-cause penalty, which would have made an immediate hiring by another NCAA institution difficult. This obstacle became moot, however, after Kelly spent the next four years coaching in the NFL.\n\nNFL interest\nNew York Giants coach Tom Coughlin tried to hire Kelly as a quality control coach in 2006 when Kelly was still the offensive coordinator at the University of New Hampshire. Kelly turned down the offer and shortly after became the offensive coordinator at the University of Oregon.\n\nIn the spring of 2009, Jon Gruden and Kelly spent several days in Tampa, Florida, discussing theories, progressions, and offensive strategies. In November 2010, Kelly visited Pete Carroll at the Seattle Seahawks practice facility during an Oregon bye week.\n\nIn January 2012, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers interviewed Kelly for the head coach position but he declined to take the job because he had \"unfinished business to complete\" with the Ducks.\n\nDuring the 2012 offseason, Kelly met with New England Patriots head coach Bill Belichick to discuss how he operated the \"blur\" offense that he ran at Oregon. New England had implemented the hurry up offense as early as 2007. Oregonian columnist John Canzano speculated that Kelly was waiting for the New England Patriots head coaching position to become available.\n\nIn early January 2013, numerous NFL teams expressed interest and Kelly was interviewed by the Buffalo Bills, the Cleveland Browns and Philadelphia Eagles. After a seven-hour meeting with the Browns followed by a nine-hour meeting with the Eagles, ESPN's Adam Schefter reported that Kelly initially decided to remain at Oregon. A week later, Kelly accepted the offer from Philadelphia and became the head coach of the Eagles.\n\nPhiladelphia Eagles (2013\u20132015)\n\nKelly agreed to terms with the Philadelphia Eagles to become the team's head coach on January 16, 2013. Although general manager Howie Roseman ran the team's drafts and free agency signings in his first two seasons with the team, Kelly had the final say over the 53-man roster. His predecessor, Andy Reid, also had the title and/or powers of general manager for most of his tenure.\n\nIn his first season, Kelly reversed the Eagles' fortunes of the previous year. Taking over a team that went 4\u201312 in 2012, Reid's last year, Kelly led the Eagles to a 10\u20136 record and the NFC Eastern Division Championship, becoming just the second head coach in league history to win a division title in his first season in the NFL. They lost in the first round of the playoffs at home to the New Orleans Saints 26\u201324, on a last-second field goal.\n\nIn his second season in Philadelphia, Kelly finished with an identical 10\u20136 record, despite key injuries to players like quarterback Nick Foles and linebacker DeMeco Ryans. However, unlike the previous season, the Eagles failed to make the playoffs in 2014.\n\nOn January 2, 2015, Eagles owner Jeffrey Lurie announced that Kelly would assume control of the 90-man roster (including authority over the draft and free agency), while Roseman would be \"elevated\" to the role of Executive Vice President of Football Operations, remaining in control of the salary cap and contracts. Soon afterward, the Eagles traded All-Pro running back LeSean McCoy to the Buffalo Bills for linebacker Kiko Alonso (who was a former Oregon Duck under Kelly) and Pro Bowl quarterback Nick Foles to the St. Louis Rams for quarterback Sam Bradford on March 10, 2015, under Kelly's request. Both trades were met with overwhelmingly negative reception from Eagles fans. He also signed former Cowboys running back and reigning rushing champion DeMarco Murray.\n\nOn December 29, 2015, with the Eagles at 6\u20139, Kelly was fired before the final regular season game, in a statement made by Lurie. It was quickly speculated that he would be a candidate for several NFL head coach openings; on January 7, it was reported that Kelly had met with the San Francisco 49ers about their head coaching position.\n\nSan Francisco 49ers (2016)\nOn January 14, 2016, Kelly was hired by the San Francisco 49ers as head coach. He entered the 2016 season as the 49ers' third coach in three seasons, following Jim Harbaugh and Jim Tomsula. In his first game with the 49ers, they defeated the Los Angeles Rams at Levi's Stadium in a 28\u20130 romp. It was the first Week 1 shutout since 2009, when the Seattle Seahawks coincidentally shutout the Rams. However, the 49ers went on a 13-game losing streak, with many speculations opening up that Kelly and general manager Trent Baalke may be fired at the end of the season. In late November, there were also many rumors that Kelly would return to coach the Oregon Ducks after the Ducks finished the season with a 4\u20138 record, the team's first losing season since 2004, resulting in the firing of Ducks football coach Mark Helfrich. Those rumors ceased after the Ducks hired former South Florida Bulls coach Willie Taggart on December 7.\n\nThe 49ers finally got their second win of the season on December 24 in a road game against the Rams, then lost their final game of the season on January 1, 2017, at home against the Seahawks. Following the loss to the Seahawks, and having posted a 2\u201314 record for the season, Kelly was fired by the 49ers, and Baalke was also relieved of his duties after six seasons as the team's general manager.\n\nESPN (2017) \n\nOn May 26, 2017, Kelly was hired by ESPN as a studio analyst for college football.\n\nUCLA Bruins (2018\u2013present) \nOn November 25, 2017, Kelly was hired as the head football coach at UCLA. He had also interviewed for the Florida head coach position. In his first season in 2018, the Bruins began the year 0\u20135 for the first time since 1943. However, they later defeated USC to snap a three-game losing streak against their crosstown rivals. UCLA finished the season with a 3\u20139 record, their worst since going 2\u20137\u20131 in 1971.\n\nThe next season,  the Bruins started 0\u20133, with losses to Cincinnati, San Diego State, and  No. 5  Oklahoma, all by multiple scores. Under Kelly,  the Bruins  started  0\u20133 in back-to-back seasons for the first time since 1920\u20131921. The 0\u20133 start to the 2019 season gave Kelly the worst 15-game start as a UCLA football coach since Harry Trotter. However, when the Bruins played No. 19 Washington State the following week, they erased a 49\u201317 deficit and won, 67\u201363. The 32-point comeback was the third-largest in FBS history.\n\nTwo weeks after the win over Washington State, the Bruins lost at home to Oregon State by a score of 48\u201331. This was only the Beavers' third road win over a Pac-12 opponent since 2014, and their largest road win over a Pac-12 opponent since their 49\u201317 win at California in 2013. The loss dropped the Bruins to a 1\u20135 record for the second consecutive year.\n\nAfter an open date, the Bruins traveled to Stanford and defeated the Cardinal, 34\u201316. UCLA got its first win over Stanford since 2008, snapping an 11-game losing streak against the Cardinal. The Bruins held the Cardinal to 198 total yards and just 55 rushing yards in the victory.\n\nFollowing the Stanford victory, the 2019 Bruins defeated Arizona State 42\u201332 at the Rose Bowl. The Bruins led 42\u201310 heading into the fourth quarter. The Sun Devils were ranked No. 24 in the AP Poll at the time, and they were favored over the Bruins by three points at kickoff. UCLA then defeated Colorado 31\u201314 the next week, also at the Rose Bowl. The wins over Stanford, Arizona State, and Colorado gave the Bruins their first three-game winning streak since 2015.\n\nIn 2022, UCLA began the season 5\u20130 for the first time since 2013, and finished 9\u20134 (6\u20133 in the Pac-12) with a 37\u201335 loss to Pittburgh in the Sun Bowl on a last-second field goal by the Panthers. The Bruins were ranked No. 21 in the final polls. After the season, Kelly signed a two-year contract extension that runs through 2027.\n\nPersonal life\nKelly is reluctant to discuss his life outside of football. He lives in Los Angeles, California but has a small, tight-knit group of friends in Manchester, New Hampshire, who never speak about him to reporters. ESPN blogger Ted Miller describes Kelly as being \"funny, biting, pithy, strange, fiery and surprising when talking to reporters.\"\n\nKelly was married to Jennifer Jenkins from 1992 to 1999.\n\nIn 2009, Kelly responded to a season ticket holder's letter demanding a refund for his expenses after traveling to see Oregon's 19\u20138 loss to Boise State.  That loss ended with Ducks running back LeGarrette Blount responding to a Bronco player's taunts by punching him in the face. Kelly replied to the man with a personal check written out for his travel costs (exactly $439); in response, the fan wrote him a thank you note enclosing the original check, which he did not cash, but made copies of to frame.\n\nAwards\n2009 Pac-10 Coach of the Year\n2010 Pac-10 Coach of the Year\n2010 Associated Press Coach of the Year\n2010 Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year\n2010 Walter Camp Coach of the Year\n2010 Sporting News Coach of the Year\n2010 AFCA Coach of the Year\n2013 Maxwell Club Coach of the Year\n\nBooks about Kelly\nBooks written on Kelly's coaching philosophy and unorthodox strategies:\n\nSaltvelt, Mark (2013) The Tao of Chip Kelly: Lessons from America's Most Innovative Coach. Diversion Publishing. \nSaltvelt, Mark (2015) Controlled Chaos: Chip Kelly's Football Revolution. Diversion Publishing.\n\nHead coaching record\n\nCollege\n\nNFL\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n UCLA profile\n Oregon profile\n\n1963 births\nLiving people\nColumbia Lions football coaches\nJohns Hopkins Blue Jays football coaches\nNew Hampshire Wildcats football coaches\nNew Hampshire Wildcats football players\nOregon Ducks football coaches\nPhiladelphia Eagles head coaches\nSan Francisco 49ers head coaches\nUCLA Bruins football coaches\nNCAA sanctions\nManchester Central High School alumni\nPeople from Dover, New Hampshire\nPeople from Rye, New Hampshire\nSportspeople from Manchester, New Hampshire\nSportspeople from Rockingham County, New Hampshire\nSportspeople from Strafford County, New Hampshire\nCoaches of American football from New Hampshire\nPlayers of American football from New Hampshire", "meta": {"title": "Chip Kelly", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip%20Kelly", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Arthur Frank Bergmann  (born February 8, 1953 in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian rock singer-songwriter who was one of the key figures in Canadian punk rock in the late 1970s. Bergmann was made a member of the Order of Canada in 2021.\n\nPunk bands\nBergmann began his musical career with an Abbotsford band called the Mount Lehman Grease Band. After Mount Lehman folded, he founded his own band, called the Notorious Smorg Brothers, which he stocked with a myriad of different support artists.\n\nBergmann was later the lead singer and songwriter for Vancouver punk stalwarts Young Canadians (formerly The K-Tels). Although the Young Canadians only recorded two independent EPs and a single before breaking up, their song \"Hawaii\" (co-written with Ross Carpenter) is one of the classic Canadian punk anthems. Although long out of print, the EPs, along with some unreleased live material, were reissued in 1995 as the album No Escape.\n\nSolo career\nIn the 1980s, Bergmann played with Vancouver independent bands Los Popularos and Poisoned before the latter band signed to Duke Street Records in 1988. Due to confusion with the popular American band Poison which had marred the band's most recent tour, however, the label decided to bill the band's releases as solo albums by Bergmann.\n\nHe released his debut solo album, the John Cale-produced Crawl with Me, that year. He garnered a Juno Award nomination for Most Promising Male Vocalist at the Juno Awards of 1989, and James O'Mara and Kate Ryan were nominated for Best Music Video for Bergmann's \"Our Little Secret\".\n\n1990's Sexual Roulette, produced by Chris Wardman, became Bergmann's mainstream breakthrough, spawning the rock radio hit \"Bound for Vegas\" and garnering him a deal with Polygram Records.\n\nHe followed up with a self-titled album on Polygram in 1991, again garnering significant radio airplay for the singles \"Faithlessly Yours\", \"If She Could Sing\" and \"Message From Paul\". In 1994 he collaborated with One Free Fall on a cover of Neil Young's \"Prisoners of Rock and Roll\" for the tribute album Borrowed Tunes, leading to a new deal with Sony Records for 1995's What Fresh Hell Is This?.  That album won the Juno Award for Best Alternative Rock Album at the Juno Awards of 1996, but the album was not a strong performer on the charts and he was then dropped from the label. Bergmann quit the music business for a period following his release by Sony, performing sporadically between 1995 and 1998.\n\nThe 1998 Design Flaw, produced by Peter J. Moore and released on the independent label Other People's Music, was a reworking of tracks from his first three albums, plus a cover of Gram Parsons' \"Sin City\". The songs featured Bergmann on acoustic guitar, with backing by Chris Spedding on electric. Bergmann then released Vultura Freeway, a compilation of unreleased demo recordings from the early 1980s, in 2000, with liner notes from Pointed Sticks front man Nick Jones.\n\nFollowing Vultura Freeway, however, Bergmann withdrew from the music business for several years, due to health difficulties with degenerative arthritis.\n\nIn 2009 Bergmann's bassist Ray Fulber compiled the CD Lost Art Bergmann, which featured early demo versions of most of the songs that appeared on the 1988 John Cale produced album. These demo recordings served as a tonic to many fans as they have a more guitar driven sound than the keyboard heavy Cale produced sessions.\n\nOn August 26, 2014, Bergmann released Songs for the Underclass through the independent label (weewerk).\n\nOn May 13, 2016, Bergmann released The Apostate, his first full-length album of new material since 1995.\n\nOn May 12, 2017, Bergmann released Remember Her Name, a remastered edition of his self-titled 1991 album.\n\nOn December 30, 2020, Bergmann was made a Member of the Order of Canada, for his \"indelible contributions to the Canadian punk music scene, and for his thought-provoking discourse on social, gender and racial inequalities.\"\n\nFilm appearances\nHe has also appeared in two Bruce McDonald films, Highway 61 as Otto and Hard Core Logo as himself, and as a musician in Conjurer of Monikers. Additionally, he was featured in Bloodied but Unbowed, a film featured at the 2010 Vancouver Documentary Film Festival.\n\nDiscography\nCrawl with Me (1988)\nSexual Roulette (1990)\nArt Bergmann (1991) \nWhat Fresh Hell Is This? (1995)\nDesign Flaw (1998)\nVultura Freeway (2000)\nLost Art Bergmann (2009)\nSongs for the Underclass (2014)\nThe Apostate (2016)\nRemember Her Name (2017)\nLate Stage Empire Dementia (2021)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Art Bergmann\n \n\n1953 births\nLiving people\nMusicians from Vancouver\nCanadian punk rock singers\nCanadian singer-songwriters\nCanadian alternative rock musicians\nCanadian Mennonites\n20th-century Canadian male singers\nJuno Award for Alternative Album of the Year winners\n21st-century Canadian male singers\nMembers of the Order of Canada\nMennonite musicians", "meta": {"title": "Art Bergmann", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%20Bergmann", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A kiskunf\u00e9legyh\u00e1zi Szab\u00f3-k\u00faria (Szab\u00f3 J\u00e1nos-f\u00e9le k\u00faria, Tarj\u00e1nyi-k\u00faria) n\u00e9pi klasszicista m\u0171eml\u00e9k a Szent J\u00e1nos t\u00e9r 4. sz\u00e1m alatt.\n\nA Szab\u00f3 csal\u00e1d \u00e9p\u00edtette a 19. sz\u00e1zad els\u0151 fel\u00e9ben. Az Alf\u00f6ld\u00f6n elterjedt mez\u0151v\u00e1rosi kisnemesi k\u00fari\u00e1k sor\u00e1hoz az utcafronti sz\u00e1rnyban k\u00e9ttraktusos, az udvari sz\u00e1rnyban egy traktusos L alak\u00fa alaprajza kapcsolja, tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 sz\u00e9p torn\u00e1ca, amelyet 10 darab doriz\u00e1l\u00f3, sima test\u0171 oszlop tart. Az \u00e9p\u00fcletet t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r \u00e1t\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k, r\u00e9gi fot\u00f3kon m\u00e9g l\u00e1that\u00f3 az egykori kapun a csal\u00e1di c\u00edmer. Az \u00e9p\u00fclet ma \u00f6nkorm\u00e1nyzati tulajdonban van, a TEMI Szakmak\u00f6zi M\u0171vel\u0151d\u00e9si Otthon m\u0171k\u00f6dik benne. Ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokat, kultur\u00e1lis \u00e9s hagyom\u00e1ny\u0151rz\u0151 rendezv\u00e9nyeket, v\u00e1s\u00e1rokat, bemutat\u00f3kat tartanak benne, emellett kluboknak, k\u00f6r\u00f6knek is otthont ad. Egykor itt kapott helyet a Holl\u00f3 L\u00e1szl\u00f3 K\u00e9pz\u0151m\u0171v\u00e9sz K\u00f6r is.\n\nForr\u00e1sok\n Urb\u00e1n Mikl\u00f3sn\u00e9: Nevezetes \u00e9p\u00fcletek, eml\u00e9km\u0171vek, eml\u00e9kt\u00e1bl\u00e1k Kiskunf\u00e9legyh\u00e1z\u00e1n, Kiskunf\u00e9legyh\u00e1za 2005.\n\nB\u00e1cs-Kiskun megye m\u0171eml\u00e9kei\nKiskunf\u00e9legyh\u00e1za \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyei\nMagyarorsz\u00e1g klasszicista \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyei\u200e\nMagyarorsz\u00e1g lak\u00f3h\u00e1zai", "meta": {"title": "Szab\u00f3-k\u00faria (Kiskunf\u00e9legyh\u00e1za)", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szab%C3%B3-k%C3%BAria%20%28Kiskunf%C3%A9legyh%C3%A1za%29", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lucas C\u00e2ndido Silva, mais conhecido como Lucas C\u00e2ndido (Uberl\u00e2ndia, 25 de dezembro de 1993), \u00e9 um futebolista brasileiro que atua como lateral-esquerdo ou volante. Ele passou pelos clubes Atl\u00e9tico Mineiro, Vit\u00f3ria, Ponte Preta e pela sele\u00e7\u00e3o brasileira sub-20. Atualmente est\u00e1 no Al Dhafra, clube dos Emirados \u00c1rabes.\n\nCarreira\n\nAtl\u00e9tico Mineiro \nLucas C\u00e2ndido foi para o Atl\u00e9tico ap\u00f3s se destacar no futsal do Col\u00e9gio Magnum Agostiniano e chegou como atacante. Contudo, o jovem atleta acabou sendo moldado para a fun\u00e7\u00e3o de volante, mas sempre foi 'for\u00e7ado' a testar-se em outras posi\u00e7\u00f5es, como lateral-esquerdo e terceiro zagueiro.\n\nTitular da Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira durante a disputa do Sul-Americano Sub-20, no come\u00e7o de 2013, na Argentina, o jogador foi promovido no mesmo ano para o profissional do Atl\u00e9tico, a pedido do t\u00e9cnico Cuca. Lucas C\u00e2ndido fez sua estreia pelo clube no dia 7 de julho de 2013, em partida contra o Crici\u00fama, entrando no lugar de Rosinei, aos 35 minutos do segundo tempo.\n\nCom a aus\u00eancia de J\u00fanior C\u00e9sar e Richarlyson, o t\u00e9cnico Cuca passou a improvis\u00e1-lo na lateral esquerda. Atuando na nova fun\u00e7\u00e3o, o jogador fez o gol da vit\u00f3ria contra o Flamengo, no dia 20 de outubro de 2013, seu primeiro pelo profissional do clube. Destacando-se na lateral, Lucas C\u00e2ndido acabou se tornando titular absoluto da equipe.\n\nNo dia 19 de fevereiro de 2014, Lucas sofreu s\u00e9ria les\u00e3o nos ligamentos do joelho, em partida v\u00e1lida pelo Campeonato Mineiro, o que resultou em uma cirurgia, e v\u00e1rios meses de fisioterapia e tratamento. Pouco mais de um ano depois, o jogador retornou na partida contra o Atlas, do M\u00e9xico, pela Libertadores. No segundo jogo ap\u00f3s o retorno, contra o Guarani de Divin\u00f3polis, ele foi o autor do segundo gol na vit\u00f3ria por 2 a 0, no Independ\u00eancia, pelo Campeonato Mineiro de 2015.\n\nNo dia 13 de mar\u00e7o de 2015, o jogador voltou a romper os ligamentos do joelho, desta vez do esquerdo, em um treinamento na Cidade do Galo. Ap\u00f3s ficar oito meses se recuperando de cirurgia, voltou a ser relacionado para uma partida, dia 19 de novembro, contra o S\u00e3o Paulo no Morumbi.\n\nSele\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira \nCom hist\u00f3rico de passagens pelas categorias de base da Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira, Lucas C\u00e2ndido integrou o elenco que disputou o Sul-Americano Sub-20 de 2013, na Argentina. A Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira, por\u00e9m, n\u00e3o teve bom desempenho, sendo eliminada na primeira fase da competi\u00e7\u00e3o. Mesmo assim, Lucas C\u00e2ndido foi bastante elogiado pelo t\u00e9cnico da equipe, Emerson \u00c1vila.\n\nNo dia 14 de janeiro de 2014, Lucas foi convocado pelo t\u00e9cnico Alexandre Gallo para integrar o elenco da Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira Sub-21, que enfrentar\u00e1 a Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Mexicana Sub-21 em um jogo amistoso, como prepara\u00e7\u00e3o para os Jogos Ol\u00edmpicos de 2016.\n\nT\u00edtulos \n Atl\u00e9tico Mineiro\n Campeonato Mineiro: 2013, 2015 e 2017.\n Copa Libertadores da Am\u00e9rica: 2013\n Copa do Brasil: 2014\n Florida Cup: 2016\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas\nGalo Digital\nogol.com.br\n\nNaturais de Uberl\u00e2ndia\nFutebolistas de Minas Gerais\nFutebolistas do Clube Atl\u00e9tico Mineiro\nFutebolistas do Esporte Clube Vit\u00f3ria\nJogadores da Sele\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira de Futebol Sub-20", "meta": {"title": "Lucas C\u00e2ndido", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas%20C%C3%A2ndido", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Halvard Manthey Lange (* 16. September 1902 in Kristiania; \u2020 19. Mai 1970) war ein norwegischer Politiker der Arbeiderpartiet, der nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg mit einer nur einmonatigen Unterbrechung 19 Jahre Au\u00dfenminister war und somit die Au\u00dfenpolitik Norwegens in der Nachkriegszeit entscheidend mitpr\u00e4gte.\n\nLeben\n\nStudium, berufliche T\u00e4tigkeiten und KZ-H\u00e4ftling \nLange, Sohn des Politikers Christian Lous Lange, der 1921 mit Karl Hjalmar Branting den Friedensnobelpreis erhielt, studierte nach dem Schulbesuch Philologie und engagierte sich in dieser Zeit als Mitglied der Norges Socialdemokratiske Arbeiderparti (NSA). Zeitweise war er Vorsitzender der Jugendorganisation der NSA, trat aber 1927 der Arbeiderpartiet als Mitglied bei.\n\nEr war nach Abschluss des Studiums 1929 zwischen 1930 und 1935 als Lehrer am Handelsgymnasium in Oslo. W\u00e4hrend dieser Zeit absolvierte er daneben von 1932 bis 1935 mit finanzieller Unterst\u00fctzung durch ein Stipendium ein Studium am Christian Michelsen\u2013Institut f\u00fcr soziologische Studien. Zugleich war er zwischen 1932 und 1934 Mitglied des Stadtrates von Oslo sowie seit 1933 Mitglied des Zentralvorstands der Arbeiterpartei.\n\nIm Anschluss war er von 1935 bis 1936 zun\u00e4chst Sekret\u00e4r des Arbeidernes Opplysningsforbund (AOF), der Studentenbewegung der Arbeiterpartei, und danach von 1936 bis 1938 Dozent f\u00fcr Geschichte an der Universit\u00e4t Oslo, ehe er im Anschluss bis 1940 Rektor der Volkshochschule (Folkeh\u00f8gskole) in S\u00f8rmarka war.\n\nNach der Besetzung Norwegens durch die deutsche Wehrmacht 1940 wurde Lange festgenommen, und zwischen August 1942 und 1945 inhaftiert, wobei er die letzten zweieinhalb Jahre im KZ Sachsenhausen verbrachte.\n\nAu\u00dfenminister von 1946 bis 1965 und Beitritt zur NATO 1949 \nNach der Befreiung Norwegens und seiner R\u00fcckkehr wurde er von Ministerpr\u00e4sident 1946 in dessen zweite Regierung zum Au\u00dfenminister berufen. Er wurde damit Nachfolger von Trygve Lie, der am 1. Februar 1946 erster offizieller Generalsekret\u00e4r der Vereinten Nationen wurde. Nach seinem Amtsantritt bat er im Oktober 1946 seinen pers\u00f6nlichen Freund Willy Brandt als Pressesprecher bei der Norwegischen Milit\u00e4rmission in Berlin zu arbeiten. Brandt war dort von Januar 1947 bis Juli 1948 im Range eines Majors t\u00e4tig.\n\n1950 wurde Lange au\u00dferdem Mitglied des Storting und vertrat in diesem bis 1969 den Wahlkreis Akershus.\n\nDas Amt des Au\u00dfenministers \u00fcbte er zun\u00e4chst bis zum 28. August 1963 aus und \u00fcbernahm dieses Amt erneut nach der nur knapp einen Monat im Amt befindlichen b\u00fcrgerlichen Minderheitsregierung von Ministerpr\u00e4sident John Lyng erneut vom 25. September 1963 bis zum 25. Oktober 1965 in der vierten Regierung von Ministerpr\u00e4sident Einar Gerhardsen.\n\nIn seiner \u00fcber 19-j\u00e4hrigen Amtszeit als Au\u00dfenminister pr\u00e4gte Lange die Au\u00dfenpolitik Norwegens in der Nachkriegszeit entscheidend mit. Dabei verstand er es, nicht nur die Vorstellung seiner eigenen Partei umzusetzen, sondern auch die au\u00dfenpolitischen Vorstellungen der b\u00fcrgerlichen Oppositionsparteien zu ber\u00fccksichtigen. Dieses wurde besonders deutlich, als Norwegen seine traditionelle Neutralit\u00e4tshaltung aufgab und 1949 Gr\u00fcndungsmitglied der NATO wurde. Dieser Schritt wurde nur von einer kleinen Gruppe innerhalb der Arbeiderpartiet sowie in der Norges Kommunistiske Parti (NKP) und sp\u00e4ter in der 1961 gegr\u00fcndeten Sosialistisk Folkeparti (SF) kritisiert.\n\nNach seinem Ausscheiden aus der Regierung wurde er 1965 Vorsitzender der Europ\u00e4ischen Bewegung in Norwegen (Europabevegelsen i Norge) und \u00fcbernahm dar\u00fcber hinaus 1966 einen Forschungsauftrag am Christian Michelsen\u2013Institut f\u00fcr soziologische Studien.\n\nVon 1945 bis zur \u00dcbernahme des Amtes als Au\u00dfenminister war Mitglied des norwegischen Nobelkomitees.\n\nSein j\u00fcngerer Bruder war der Historiker, P\u00e4dagoge und Hochschullehrer Christian August Manthey Lange.\n\nVer\u00f6ffentlichungen \nNeben seiner politischen T\u00e4tigkeit verfasste Lange auch zahlreiche geschichtswissenschaftliche B\u00fccher, die sich unter anderem mit den Arbeiterbewegungen Norwegens und im Ausland befassten. Zu seinen bekanntesten Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen geh\u00f6ren:\n Fagorganisasjonens historie i Norge, 1933\n Nazi og Norge, 1934\n De politiske arbeiderinternasjonaler, 1934\n Den sosialdemokratiske forening 50 \u00e5r, 1935\n Arbeiderreisning II og III, 1935\u20131937\n Det norske Arbeiderparti, 50 \u00e5rs historie, 2 B\u00e4nde, 1937\u20131939\n Norsk utenrikspolitikk siden 1945, 1952\n Fra sekt til parti. Om Arbeiderpartiets organisasjonsmessige og politiske utvikling 1891\u20131901, 1962\n Norges vei til NATO, 1966\n\nHintergrundliteratur \n G. Anderson: Halvard Lange : portrett av en nordmann, 1981, ISBN 82-05-13016-7\n\nWeblinks \n Biografie in Store norske leksikon (Onlineversion)\n Eintrag auf der Homepage des Storting\n \n\nAu\u00dfenminister (Norwegen)\nStorting-Abgeordneter (Akershus)\nStadtrat (Oslo)\nArbeiderpartiet-Mitglied\nH\u00e4ftling im KZ Sachsenhausen\nMitglied des norwegischen Nobelkomitees\nNorweger\nGeboren 1902\nGestorben 1970\nMann\nGymnasiallehrer", "meta": {"title": "Halvard Lange", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvard%20Lange", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ballarat Clarendon College is an independent, co-educational, day and boarding school, located in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.\n\nFormerly affiliated with the Presbyterian Church of Australia, it now operates in association with the Uniting Church in Australia (but is not governed or managed by the Church) and is a member of the Ballarat Associated Schools.\n\nAcademic standing \nClarendon was ranked number third in all of Victoria in 2020.\n\nCo-curriculum\n\nSport \nThe College participates in many sports both within and outside the Ballarat Associated Schools.\n\nThe Boys First XI Cricket team won the premiership in the 2008/2009 season, over rivals St Patricks's College. The firsts then, after winning this premiership, made the final in \"The Lord Taverner's Cup\" but were defeated in Shepparton by Notre Dame College.\n\nAnother notable sport participated within the school is rowing. The rowing program starts at Year 8 and continues through the years. In 2008 and 2010 the BCC Girls' First Crew won the annual their respective Head of the River race at the Barwon River in Geelong and consequently won the Head of the Schoolgirls' competition.\n\nCollege has built a foundation in volleyball, providing many representatives in both Boys and Girls respective competitions. The College boys have won the past four premierships inside the BAS realms.\n\nBAS premierships \nBCC has won the following BAS premierships.\n\nCombined:\n\n Athletics (12) \u2013 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996\n Badminton (3) \u2013 1982, 1990, 1991\n Cross Country (3) \u2013 1980, 1981, 2011\n Lap of the Lake (2) \u2013 1980, 1981\n\nBoys:\n\n Athletics (2) \u2013 1983, 1989\n Basketball (7) \u2013 1982, 1984, 1985, 1993, 1996, 2008, 2009\n Cricket (5) \u2013 1980, 1988, 2005, 2009, 2016\n Cricket T20 \u2013 2015\n Cross Country \u2013 1985\n Football (4) \u2013 1980, 2002, 2005, 2006\n Hockey (8) \u2013 1985, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2006, 2016, 2017, 2018\n Rowing premiership, Harold Deveson Cup (8) - 1975, 1976, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1998, 2021, 2022\n Soccer (7) \u2013 1979, 1980, 1999, 2006, 2007, 2011, 2015\n Tennis (5) \u2013 1977, 2006, 2007, 2011, 2013\n Volleyball (5) \u2013 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2020\n\nGirls:\n\n Athletics (12) \u2013 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996\n Badminton (2) \u2013 2011, 2012\n Basketball (6) \u2013 1990, 2001, 2011, 2013, 2016, 2017\n Cricket (4) \u2013 1985, 1998, 2020, 2021\n Cross Country (6) \u2013 1980, 1981, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2011\n Football (14) \u2013 1996, 1997, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013\n Head of the Lake, Patterson Shield (14) - 1981, 1983, 1984, 1989, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2021, 2022\n Hockey (21) \u2013 1974, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018\n Lap of the Lake (7) \u2013 1980, 1981, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011\n Netball (13) \u2013 1984, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1993, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2012, 2017, 2019\n Road Relay (3) \u2013 1999, 2005, 2008\n Rowing Premiership, J H Netherway Cup (11) - 1981, 1984, 1989, 1990, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011*, 2013, 2014, 2021\n Soccer (2) \u2013 2012, 2019\n Softball (10) \u2013 1985, 1986, 1987, 1990, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006\n Volleyball (7) \u2013 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1985, 2001, 2011\n\nPerforming arts\nThe school has a free standing building on the east of the senior campus where all aspects of Performing Arts take place, subsequently called, the Performing Arts Centre (PAC). From years 5\u20138 students partake in different Arts Classes which rotate each trimester, Music, Art and Drama or Dance (alternating each year). In year 9 students are able to choose which performing and visual arts they do for each term and Year 10 and VCE students may choose out of the various higher level VCE arts classes the school offers. Students accordingly participate in music lessons for:\n\nBrass \u2013 Trumpet, French Horn, Trombone, Euphonium and Tuba\nWoodwind \u2013 Flute, Clarinet (+Bass Clarinet), all Saxomaphone types, Oboe, Recorder and Bassoon\nPiano \u2013 Piano, Contemporary Piano\nKeyboard\nGuitar \u2013 Classical Guitar, Electric Guitar, Bass Guitar\nStrings \u2013 Violin, Viola, Violoncello and Double Bass\nMusic Theory\nSpeech Art\nVoice (Classical And Contemporary)\n\nThey may participate in any of the student ensembles at the school. They are :\nNovice Band\nThe Geoff Smith Jazz Orchestra\nConcert Band\nThe Barry Currie Stage Band\nChamber Ensemble\nOrchestra\nIntermediate and Senior Strings\nand numerous contemporary bands.\n\nBallarat Clarendon College also has a contemporary funk/dance band called Feet, who give regular gigs around the school, Ballarat and Victoria.\n\nIn addition, the College puts on an annual Senior School Production, Senior School Play and Middle School Production. They also have an annual Performing Arts Showcase performance for both the Junior and Senior School and a Middle School and Senior School Presentation Night.\n\nNotable alumni\n\nArt\nDavid Davies, Artist\nGwyn Hanssen Pigott, Ceramic artist\n\nDefence\nMajor General Harold \"Pompey\" Edward Elliott, Distinguished Soldier and Senator\nMajor John Garbutt\nAdmiral Sir Guy Gaunt, Chief of British Intelligence in the US, WWII\n\nDiplomatic service\nWilliam Paterson, PSM, former Australian Ambassador (Thailand) and Australian Ambassador Counter Terrorism\nSir Patrick Shaw, Australian Ambassador to Washington 1974\u201375\n\nFashion\nJoe Saba, Fashion designer\n\nLaw\nRt Hon Lord Augustus Andrewes Uthwatt, House of Lords\nRobina Fordyce Cowper, Magistrate Children's Court, Melbourne\n\nPerforming arts/media\nKimberley Davies, Actress\nBill Hunter, Actor\nElsie Morison, Soprano\nBenjamin Northey, Conductor\n\nPolitics\nJohn Button, Senator\nBernard Dowiyogo, President, Nauru\nMichael Ronaldson, Senator\n\nAFL\nFlynn Appleby, Collingwood\nKurt Aylett, GWS Giants, Essendon\nPercy Beames, Melbourne Football Club, 1930\u201341 premiership teams; captain-coach 1942\u201344\nJarrod Berry, Brisbane Lions\nTom Berry (Australian footballer), Brisbane Lions\nJohn Birt, Essendon Football Club, member of 1962 and 1965 premiership teams; W.S. Crichton Medalist in 1961, 1965 and 1967\nLuke Brennan, Hawthorn, Sydney Swans\nAlastair Clarkson, 2008 Premiership coach of the Hawthorn Football Club\nBob \"Geelong Flier\" Davis, Geelong Football Club, Member of 1951\u201352 premiership teams, Captain 1955\u201358, Best and Fairest 1957\nMatt Dea, Richmond & Essendon\nWillem Drew, Port Adelaide\nKen Fyffe, North Melbourne\nJeremy Humm \u2013 AFL Footballer (West Coast & Richmond)\nMichael Jamison, Carlton Football Club\nHugh McCluggage, Brisbane Lions\nSebastian Ross, St Kilda\nDavid Shaw\nDarcy Tucker, Fremantle Football Club\nBen Hobbs\nOther sport\nPercy Beames, Cricket,  represented Victoria  1933\u201346; team captain 1946\nGraham Crouch, Athletics, Olympian Montreal 1976\nLucas Hamilton, Cycling, Olympian, 2021 Tour de France rider\nSarah Heard, Rowing, Olympian and World Champion\nShirley McIver, Olympian\nStewart McSweyn, Athletics, Olympian\nStefan Nigro, Football, A-League player\nSharon Stewart, Athletics, Olympian\nAndrew Symonds, Cricket, Australian national representative\nKat Werry, Rowing, Olympian and World Champion\n\nSee also \n List of schools in Ballarat\n List of schools in Victoria\n List of high schools in Victoria\n List of boarding schools\n Victorian Certificate of Education\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Ballarat Clarendon College website\n\nPrivate secondary schools in Victoria (Australia)\nEducational institutions established in 1864\nBoarding schools in Victoria (Australia)\nUniting Church schools in Australia\nBallarat Associated Schools\nSchools in Ballarat\n1864 establishments in Australia", "meta": {"title": "Ballarat Clarendon College", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballarat%20Clarendon%20College", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Narodno kazali\u0161te \"To\u0161a Jovanovi\u0107\" (srp. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u041f\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0435 \"\u0422\u043e\u0448\u0430 \u0408\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b\") je kazali\u0161na ustanova u Zrenjaninu, Srbija. Zove se prema poznatom srpskom kazali\u0161nom glumcu To\u0161i Jovanovi\u0107u koji je \u017eivio u Zrenjaninu u 19. stolje\u0107u. \n\nUstanova je smje\u0161tena u baroknoj zgradi sagra\u0111enoj 1836. godine na Trgu slobode 7. Najstarija je kazali\u0161na zgrada u Srbiji. Kazali\u0161na ustanova osnovana je 1946. i prva je profesionalna kazali\u0161na ustanova u Zrenjaninu. Lutkarsko kazali\u0161te djeluje od 1956. godine. Zgrada lutkarskog kazali\u0161ta izgorjela je u po\u017earu 1978. godine, nakon \u010dega je lutkarsko kazali\u0161te preselilo u zgradu u kojoj djeluje dramsko kazali\u0161te. Nakon obnove 1985. godine, kazali\u0161na je dvorana opet dobila izvorni barokni izgled. Mo\u017ee primiti 314 gledatelja.\n\nVanjske poveznice \nSlu\u017ebene stranice\n\nSestrinski projekti \n\nZrenjanin\nKazali\u0161ta u Srbiji", "meta": {"title": "Narodno kazali\u0161te To\u0161a Jovanovi\u0107", "url": "https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narodno%20kazali%C5%A1te%20To%C5%A1a%20Jovanovi%C4%87", "language": "hr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\n\u0421\u044a\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 \n \u0419\u043e\u0430\u043d \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\n \u042e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d II, \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440", "meta": {"title": "578", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/578", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "American actor and film director Tommy Lee Jones has appeared in numerous films and television series since his acting debut in 1970. One of his first notable roles was as Oliver \"Doolittle Mooney\" Lynn in Coal Miner's Daughter with Sissy Spacek (1980). He then went on to play one of his most notable roles as U.S. Marshal Samuel Gerard in the 1993 thriller film The Fugitive with Harrison Ford. He has had starring roles in the films The Client (1994), Natural Born Killers (1994), Cobb (1994), Batman Forever (1995), and Volcano (1997). Also in 1997, he was cast as Agent K in the science fiction action comedy film Men in Black opposite Will Smith, a role he went on to reprise in Men in Black II (2002), and Men in Black 3 (2012). Other notable film roles include terrorist William \"Bill\" Strannix in Under Siege (1992), villain Two-Face in Batman Forever (1995), parole officer Travis Lehman in Double Jeopardy, Texas Ranger Roland Sharp in Man of the House (2005), rancher Pete Perkins in The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada (2005), Sheriff Ed Tom Bell in No Country for Old Men (2007), Hank Deerfield in In the Valley of Elah (2007),  Colonel Chester Phillips in Captain America: The First Avenger (2011), and CIA Director Robert Dewey in Jason Bourne (2016).\n\nHe has played several real-life people in film including businessman Clay Shaw in JFK (1991), Radical Republican Congressman Thaddeus Stevens in Lincoln (2012), U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur in Emperor (2012), Joseph L. Galloway in Shock and Awe (2017), and is set to portray Jeremiah Joseph O'Keefe in the upcoming film The Burial.\n\nHis notable television roles include playing Howard Hughes in the television film The Amazing Howard Hughes (1977) and Texas Ranger Woodrow F. Call in the television miniseries Lonesome Dove (1989).\n\nFilm\n\nTelevision\n\nStage\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nMale actor filmographies\nAmerican filmographies", "meta": {"title": "List of Tommy Lee Jones performances", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Tommy%20Lee%20Jones%20performances", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Idioneurula erebioides \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Felder 1867. Idioneurula erebioides ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Idioneurula och familjen praktfj\u00e4rilar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\nPraktfj\u00e4rilar\nerebioides", "meta": {"title": "Idioneurula erebioides", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioneurula%20erebioides", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die r\u00f6misch-katholische Dekanatspfarrkirche St. Johann in Tirol, geweiht der Himmelfahrt Mariens, Johannes dem T\u00e4ufer, Johannes dem Evangelisten sowie der hl. Katharina, befindet sich im Ortszentrum von St.\u00a0Johann in Tirol. Sie ist eine der gr\u00f6\u00dften und sch\u00f6nsten Barockkirchen des Tiroler Unterlandes und wird als ehemalige Zweitkathedrale der Bisch\u00f6fe von Chiemsee als \u201eLeukentaler Dom\u201c bezeichnet.\n\nGeschichte \nDie erste Kirche von St. Johann in Tirol wurde im Zuge der Missionierung der im 6. und 7.\u00a0Jahrhundert im Leukental sesshaft werdenden Bajuwaren errichtet. Darauf hin deutet das Patrozinium des hl. Johannes des T\u00e4ufers, und so findet sich in der Literatur die Angabe, dass bereits vor 738 eine Taufkirche zum hl. Johannes bestanden haben muss, von der sich der Name des Ortes ableitet.\n\nAls in den Jahren 788/90 der erste Salzburger Erzbischof Arn mehrere Sakralbauten, die der Erzdi\u00f6zese Salzburg geh\u00f6rten, in einem G\u00fcterverzeichnis erw\u00e4hnte, ist die Kirche zum hl. Johannes allerdings nicht genannt, da es sich nicht um eine erzbisch\u00f6fliche, sondern um eine adelige Eigenkirche handelte.\n\nSt. Johann gilt jedenfalls als Ur- und Mutterpfarre des Leukentales, und die Pfarre erstreckte sich urspr\u00fcnglich \u00fcber das ganze Tal vom Pass Thurn bis nach Reit im Winkl sowie \u00fcber das Pillerseetal. Im 11.\u00a0Jahrhundert wurde die Gro\u00dfpfarre St. Johann geteilt und die Pfarre Kirchdorf f\u00fcr die Seelsorge des n\u00f6rdlichen Talbereiches gegr\u00fcndet.\n\nAus dem Jahr 1150 stammt die erste urkundliche Erw\u00e4hnung eines Gotteshauses zum hl. Johannes dem T\u00e4ufer, und am 28. Januar 1216 wurde die Pfarre St. Johann in der Urkunde zur Gr\u00fcndung des Bistums Chiemsee erstmals schriftlich genannt.\n\nAus einer von Bischof Johannes von Chiemsee am 8. Februar 1278 ausgestellten Urkunde ist ersichtlich, dass Abt und Konvent des Klosters Raitenhaslach das Recht hatten, dem Bischof f\u00fcr die Pfarrstelle in St. Johann einen Kleriker zu pr\u00e4sentieren, den der Ordinarius, wenn er die kanonischen Voraussetzungen erf\u00fcllte, als Vikar in sein Amt einzusetzen hatte. Wie lange das Kloster dieses Vorschlagsrecht besa\u00df, konnte noch nicht ermittelt werden.\n\nMitte des 14.\u00a0Jahrhunderts kam die heilige Maria als Kirchenpatronin dazu, sodass in den Urkunden der folgenden Zeit meist von \u201eUnser lieben Frauen Gotteshaus zu St. Johannskirchen\u201c die Rede ist.\n\nIm Jahre 1446 wurde die Pfarre St. Johann direkt dem Chiemseer Bischof Silvester Pflieger unterstellt. Dadurch war fortan der jeweilige amtierende Bischof von Chiemsee automatisch auch Pfarrer von St.\u00a0Johann in Tirol. Die Bisch\u00f6fe stellten aber stets Vikare zu ihrer Vertretung ein. St.\u00a0Johann war ein bevorzugter Aufenthalt der Bisch\u00f6fe von Chiemsee. Sie nutzten den Ort als Sommersitz und erledigten von hier ihre Amtsgesch\u00e4fte, sodass St. Johann als Pastoralresidenz der Bisch\u00f6fe von Chiemsee gilt. Die Pfarrkirche wurde gleichsam als Kathedrale des in Tirol gelegenen Distrikts der Di\u00f6zese betrachtet, wof\u00fcr man nicht selten die Bezeichnung \u201eSt. Johannes Di\u00f6ces\u201c gebrauchte. Heute noch wird die Kirche daher landl\u00e4ufig als Leukentaler Dom bezeichnet.\n\nDie Bedeutung der Pfarre wurde 1621 weiter aufgewertet, als Bischof Nikolaus von Wolkenstein St. Johann zum Dekanatssitz erhob.\n\n1723 bis 1732 wurde die heutige Dekanatspfarrkirche erbaut, nachdem das mittelalterliche Gotteshaus durch Hochwassersch\u00e4den bauf\u00e4llig geworden war.\n\nIm Jahr 1786 trat die josephinische Pfarrregulierung in Kraft, die zahlreiche Aus- und Umpfarrungen beinhaltete. So kam das Gebiet rechts der Fieberbrunner Ache (Winkl Sonnseite, Reitham, Mitterndorf, Oberhofen, Niederhofen, Stopfenau) von der Pfarre Kirchdorf zu St. Johann.\n\nIm Jahr 1808 wurde das Bistum Chiemsee als Folge der Napoleonischen Kriege aufgehoben. Das Dekanat St.\u00a0Johann kam zuerst zu Freising und dann zu Brixen schlie\u00dflich im Jahr 1817 wieder zum Erzbistum Salzburg.\n\n1940 wurde die Pfarre Oberndorf in Tirol gegr\u00fcndet und somit von St. Johann abgetrennt.\n\nDer heutige Bau \nDie Dekanatspfarrkirche St. Johann in Tirol ist eine der gr\u00f6\u00dften Kirchen im Tiroler Unterland. Sie ist 48 Meter lang und 22 Meter breit. Die H\u00f6he der Kircht\u00fcrme betr\u00e4gt an der Spitze des Kreuzes 41 Meter.\n\nIm Jahr 1725 wurde das mittelalterliche Gotteshaus, das sich an der Stelle des heutigen Postamtes befand, abgetragen. \u00dcberschwemmungen hatten schwere Sch\u00e4den angerichtet und die Kirche wurde au\u00dferdem f\u00fcr die rasch wachsende Bev\u00f6lkerung zu klein. Bereits 1723 hatte der Dekan Jodok Adrian Helman einen Plan erstellen lassen, nach dem eine Pfarrkirche an einer hochwassergesch\u00fctzten Stelle neu gebaut werden sollte. Dazu verpflichtete er den aus Bayern stammenden Baumeister Abraham Millauer. Baubeginn war im Herbst 1723 \u2013 zun\u00e4chst noch ohne Genehmigung des Bischofs von Chiemsee, die aber sp\u00e4ter eingeholt wurde. Die Fertigstellung des Baues erfolgte im Jahre 1732. Im Fr\u00fchjahr desselben Jahres wurde die Kirche vom Chiemseer F\u00fcrstbischof Joseph Franz Valerian von Arco geweiht.\n\nDas Gotteshaus wurde als vierjochige Wandpfeilerkirche mit eingezogenem Chor errichtet. Die Architektur ist im fr\u00fchbarocken Stil gehalten und zeigt an der Hauptfassade einen einfachen Dreiecksgiebel zwischen zwei massiven T\u00fcrmen mit geschwungenen Hauben. Das Hauptgesims ist eingeschwungen. In den Nischen der Mittelachse stehen die hochbarocken Figuren des hl. Johannes des Evangelisten und der Mondsichelmadonna vom Kitzb\u00fcheler Bildhauer Josef Martin Lengauer. In den T\u00fcrmen Petrus und Paulus von Benedikt Faistenberger. Das Portal aus Untersberger Marmor von Georg Doppler aus Salzburg wird flankiert von zwei S\u00e4ulen und zeigt ein Relief des Hl. Johannes des T\u00e4ufers. Die Fenster der Hauptfassade und der T\u00fcrme sind rundbogig bzw. als Ochsenaugen gestaltet, die Langhausw\u00e4nde werden durch Segmentbogenfenster und Pilaster gegliedert. N\u00f6rdlich und s\u00fcdlich sind an den Chor zwei Sakristeien mit Schopfwalmd\u00e4chern angebaut.\n\nFresken und Stukkaturen \n\nDas Innere der Kirche stellt mit seiner einheitlichen und reichen Ausstattung den Beginn des Hochbarock im Tiroler Unterland dar. Die sechs Deckengem\u00e4lde stammen von Simon Benedikt Faistenberger aus dem Jahr 1727 und zeigen vom Portal in Richtung Altar: K\u00f6nig David beim Dichten der Psalmen (gro\u00dfteils von der Orgel verdeckt), die Aufnahme der B\u00fc\u00dferin Maria Magdalena in den Himmel, den Evangelisten Johannes bei der Niederschrift des Evangeliums, die Taufe Jesu im Jordan durch Johannes den T\u00e4ufer, eine Scheinkuppel mit S\u00e4ulenrotunde und Heiliggeistloch sowie die Kr\u00f6nung Mariens. Diese Fresken sind jeweils von vier Medaillons in Grisaillemalerei umgeben, welche Episoden aus dem Leben der dargestellten Heiligen zeigen.\nDie Stukkaturen wurden von Gabriel Z\u00f6pf und Georg Edl aus Wessobrunn mit Laub- und Bandlwerk sowie Muscheln, Gitterwerk und Pflanzengirlanden gestaltet.\n\nAlt\u00e4re \nDer barocke Hochaltar wurde in Stuckmarmor von Anton Gigl mit schr\u00e4g gestellten S\u00e4ulen und stark verkr\u00f6pftem Geb\u00e4lk kulissenartig gestaltet und nimmt einen Gro\u00dfteil der Apsisrundung ein. Zwischen den S\u00e4ulen stehen die Figuren von Petrus und Paulus von Josef Martin Lengauer. Das figurenreiche Hochaltarblatt zeigt eine Darstellung der Himmelfahrt Mariens, am unteren Rand sind die Heiligen Barbara, Katharina, Johannes der T\u00e4ufer und Johannes der Evangelist dargestellt. Vorbild f\u00fcr dieses Gem\u00e4lde war das monumentale Himmelfahrtsbild Tizians aus der Kirche Santa Maria dei Frari in Venedig. Das Hochaltarbild, wie auch alle Bilder der Seitenalt\u00e4re stammen vom f\u00fcrsterzbisch\u00f6flich salzburgischen Hofmaler Jacob Zanusi.\n\nDie Kirche besitzt vier Seitenalt\u00e4re aus Untersberger Marmor. Der linke Choraltar zeigt die Namenspatrone des Altarstifters, Dekan Johann Martin Riester, den hl. Johannes von Nepomuk und im Auszugsbild den  hl. Martin. Der Altar gegen\u00fcber ist dem hl. Franziskus gewidmet, am Auszugsbild ist die hl. Notburga dargestellt. Der vordere linke Seitenaltar war eine Stiftung der Rosenkranzbruderschaft, die im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert in St. Johann Passionsspiele veranstaltete. Das Altarblatt zeigt den hl. Dominikus, dem Maria den Rosenkranz \u00fcberreicht. Am Auszugsbild ist der hl. Josef dargestellt. Der rechte Seitenaltar war eine Stiftung der Bergknappen, die im Bergwerk am nahegelegenen Rerobichl bei Oberndorf Kupfer und Silber abbauten. Das Altarblatt zeigt unten die hl. Maria Magdalena und dar\u00fcber die Bergwerkspatronin Barbara, am Auszugsbild sieht man einen weiteren Bergbaupatron, den Propheten Daniel.\n\nAuf dem Bergwerksaltar befindet sich eine gotische Statue. Sie stellt eine sitzende Madonna mit Kind dar und entstand um 1450 im Umfeld des Meisters von Seeon. Diese Figur war wohl schon am Altar der alten Kirche aufgestellt.\n\nWeitere Ausstattung \nAn der linken Langhauswand befindet sich eine Kanzel von Anton Gigl aus Stuckmarmor mit Putten, Kartuschen und Pflanzendekorationen. Auff\u00e4llig ist das Kanzelkreuz, das von einem geschnitzten Arm \u00fcber die Br\u00fcstung des Kanzelkorbes hinaus gehalten wird.\n\nAm Pfeiler davor h\u00e4ngt ein Gem\u00e4lde mit einem prachtvollen Rokokorahmen. Es stammt von Jacob Zanusi und zeigt den Hl. Aloisius von Gonzaga. Am Pfeiler gegen\u00fcber findet sich ein Gem\u00e4lde in einem reichen Barockrahmen. Es stammt ebenfalls von Zanusi und zeigt, wie die hl. Anna ihre Tochter Maria das Lesen lehrt.\n\nAn der Br\u00fcstung der ersten Empore finden sich vergoldete Holzstatuen der 12 Apostel von Joseph Haid. Von ihm stammen auch die vergoldeten Figuren der vier Evangelisten und vier Kirchenv\u00e4ter, die von Ostern bis Fronleichnam am Hochaltar aufgestellt werden.\n\nW\u00e4hrend der Karwoche und Osterfeiertage wird seit 2007 wieder das monumentale Ostergrab aufgestellt, das die gesamte Breite des Altarraumes einnimmt und eine H\u00f6he von 11 Metern hat. Es wurde 1832 von Josef Arnold dem \u00c4lteren geschaffen und zeigt im architektonischen Aufbau klassizistische Formen, w\u00e4hrend die Figuren noch barockisierende Elemente aufweisen.\n\nOrgel \n\nDie im Jahre 1985 gebaute Orgel stammt von der Firma Reinisch-Pirchner aus Steinach am Brenner. Der Prospekt wurde von der alten Orgel von 1858 \u00fcbernommen. Sie hat 25\u00a0Register verteilt auf zwei Manuale und Pedal.\n\nGlocken \n\nDas Gel\u00e4ut der Dekanatspfarrkirche St. Johann in Tirol besteht aus f\u00fcnf l\u00e4utbaren Glocken. Die gro\u00dfe Glocke gilt als eine der sch\u00f6nsten Gro\u00dfglocken des Tiroler Landes. Sie ist auf den Ton a0 gestimmt und wurde 1773 von Wolfgang Bartlm\u00e4 Grassmayr in Oetz gegossen. Anl\u00e4sslich ihrer Weihe lie\u00df die Horndach-B\u00e4uerin die Glocke mit Weizen f\u00fcllen und stiftete diesen den Armen. Die Glocke \u00fcberstand beide Weltkriege. Einer Erz\u00e4hlung zufolge war es ein schwieriges Unterfangen, die f\u00fcr den Turm nahezu \u00fcberproportional gegossene Glocke aus den Schallfenstern zu hieven. Der Durchmesser (180 cm) \u00fcbertraf die Weite der Schallfenster. Eine Instabilit\u00e4t der Glockenstube mit der aufgesetzten Glockenhaube durch das Aufbrechen eines Schallfensters wurde bef\u00fcrchtet, sodass man die Glocke im Turm belie\u00df. Sie entging damit auf zweifache Weise der Verwendung von Kriegszwecken. Alle anderen Glocken mussten in den Weltkriegen abtransportiert werden.\n\nIm Ersten Weltkrieg wurden 1916 zwei Glocken f\u00fcr Kriegszwecke abgeliefert. Die Zw\u00f6lferin (Maria Magadalena) stammte aus dem Jahr 1453, die Elferin wurde 1711 gegossen. Im Jahr 1923 erhielt die Kirche vier neue Glocken. Sie wurden von der Gie\u00dferei Friedrich Hamm gegossen und erklangen in den T\u00f6nen cis1\u2013e1\u2013fis1\u2013a1. Ihr Gesamtgewicht betrug etwa 4.000 kg. In den 1940er Jahren mussten auch diese f\u00fcr Kriegszwecke abgenommen werden. Erst 1948 wurden erneut vier Glocken angeschafft, dieses Mal von der Glockengie\u00dferei Oberascher aus Salzburg. Die Glocken erklingen in den T\u00f6nen c1\u2013e1 \u2013g1\u2013a1. 2010 baute man der gro\u00dfen Glocke einen neuen Kl\u00f6ppel ein. Die Arbeiten wurden von der Firma Glockengie\u00dferei Grassmayr \u00fcbernommen. Infolge eines Berechnungsfehlers wurde dabei zun\u00e4chst ein zu schwerer Kl\u00f6ppel (mit 400\u00a0kg Gewicht) geliefert und eingebaut und erst nach sechsmonatiger Versp\u00e4tung durch einen neuen, leichteren, ersetzt.\n\nAlle Glocken besitzen einen Kl\u00f6ppelf\u00e4nger. Die Oberascher-Glocken sind in Sonderlegierung gefertigt.\n\nWeblinks \n\n Innenaufnahme der gro\u00dfen Glocke von 1773 auf YouTube\n Innenaufnahme der vier kleinen Glocken von 1948 auf Youtube\n Au\u00dfenaufnahme der gro\u00dfen Glocke und Vollgel\u00e4ute auf Youtube\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nBauwerk der Wessobrunner Schule\nKatharina-von-Alexandrien-Kirche\nMari\u00e4-Himmelfahrt-Kirche\nJohannes-der-Evangelist-und-Johannes-der-T\u00e4ufer-Kirche\nDekanatspfarrkirche\nKirchengeb\u00e4ude in Tirol\nPfarrkirche in der Erzdi\u00f6zese Salzburg\nDekanatskirche in \u00d6sterreich\nBaudenkmal (Tirol)\nDekanat St. Johann in Tirol", "meta": {"title": "Dekanatspfarrkirche St. Johann in Tirol", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dekanatspfarrkirche%20St.%20Johann%20in%20Tirol", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jos\u00e9 Escol\u00e1stico Mar\u00edn (* Ciudad San Vicente; \u2020 1846 ebenda) war vom 1. Februar 1842 bis 14. April 1842 Staatsoberhaupt (Supremo Director) von El Salvador. Er war Mitglied des Partido Conservador.\n\nLeben \nSeine Familie lebte auf der Hacienda Sihuatepeque. Beim Aufstand der Nonualcos Anfang 1833 wurde sein Bruder Florencio dort f\u00fcsiliert. Seine Schwester Matilde heiratete Anastasio M\u00e1rtir Aquino San Carlos.\n\nJos\u00e9 Escol\u00e1stico Mar\u00edn stellte am 1. Februar 1842 das Departamento La Paz und die Partidos de Olocuilta unter die Verwaltungshoheit der Stadt San Vicente. Opico  wurde aus der Verwaltungshoheit des Departamentos Cuscatl\u00e1n gel\u00f6st und unter die Verwaltungshoheit des Departamentos San Salvador gestellt.\n\nEr wurde beim Versuch, Eugenio Aguilar Gonzalez Batres zu st\u00fcrzen, get\u00f6tet.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nPr\u00e4sident (El Salvador)\nSalvadorianer\nGeboren im 18. oder 19. Jahrhundert\nGestorben 1846\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Jos\u00e9 Escol\u00e1stico Mar\u00edn", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Escol%C3%A1stico%20Mar%C3%ADn", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442-\u0410\u0439\u0437\u0430 (,\u0413\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0439\u0437\u0430)\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u041a\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434, \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 2008 \u0440\u0456\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e 21 500 \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043a. \u041d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0456 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u0422\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0441\u0432\u0456\u043b\u043b (\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 800 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434) \u0456 \u0410\u043b\u0456\u0441-\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0441 (\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 700 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434).\n\n\u041a\u043b\u0456\u043c\u0430\u0442 \n\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0456\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0432\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c. \u041d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c \u2014 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u044e 30.6\u00a0\u00b0C (87\u00a0\u00b0F). \u041d\u0430\u0439\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c \u2014 \u043b\u0438\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u044e 16.7\u00a0\u00b0\u0421 (62\u00a0\u00b0F).\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0457\n\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u041a\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0442-\u0410\u0439\u0437\u0430", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%B7%D0%B0", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00ab\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0435\u00bb\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430  \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430 2005 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443.\n\n\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \n\n\u0421\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432-\u0445\u0456\u043c\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u00ab\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u00bb, \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044f \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u041d\u0430\u0444\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0443\u00bb, \u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044e, 0,1% \u0440-\u043d\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0456\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0449\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u044c. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f'\u044f\u0442\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u00ab\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0438\u00bb, \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0438\u0449\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0445\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0439\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0457\u0445 \u0432\u0443\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0439 \u00ab\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u00bb \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0435 \u00ab\u043f\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u0445\u00bb. \u0425\u0456\u043c\u0456\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u00ab\u041a\u041b\u0410\u041d\u041e\u041c \u0410\u0420\u0425\u0415\u00bb, \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0456 \u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u044c. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436 \u0447\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0445 \u0434\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435-\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0443\u00bb.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0422\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\n\u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438 2005\n\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u043c\n\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\n\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433 \u00ab\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0442\u0456\u00bb\n\u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0437 \u0434\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0443 \u041b\u044c\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0456", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0435 (\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%20%28%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Alsapan est une entreprise familiale sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans la fabrication de meubles en kit, plans de travail et de sols stratifi\u00e9s.\n\nHistorique\nL'entreprise est cr\u00e9\u00e9 en  par Joseph Strub, artisan menuisier, afin d'industrialiser sa production. Trois de ses enfants, poursuivent alors le d\u00e9veloppement de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Alsapan fait son entr\u00e9e en bourse vers la fin des ann\u00e9es ,  plus tard, la famille du fondateur d\u00e9cide de racheter les parts des actionnaires ext\u00e9rieurs, afin que l'entreprise redevienne une entreprise familiale.\n\nLe groupe alsacien et familial Alsapan est l'un des quatre plus importants fabricants de meubles en kit fran\u00e7ais (avec Gautier, Parisot et Demeyere). Il est aussi le dernier \u00e0 fabriquer en France des sols stratifi\u00e9s.\n\nIkea et le groupe Adeo (Leroy Merlin, Bricoman, Weldom) absorbent les deux tiers de la production.\n\nImplantations\nLa soci\u00e9t\u00e9 poss\u00e8de 5 usines \u00e0 travers la France, dont 3 sont implant\u00e9s en Alsace :\nMarlenheim ;\nErstein ;\nWasselonne ;\nLa Courtine ;\nBoulay-Moselle.\n\nLe quart de sa production de sols stratifi\u00e9s est principalement destin\u00e9e \u00e0 l'exportation dans des pays tels que la Grande-Bretagne, Singapour, le Moyen-Orient, l'Italie ou encore l'Espagne.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nEntreprise fond\u00e9e en 1972\nEntreprise ayant son si\u00e8ge dans le Bas-Rhin", "meta": {"title": "Alsapan", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alsapan", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Simulium discrepans \u00e4r en tv\u00e5vingeart som beskrevs av Mercedes Delfinado 1969. Simulium discrepans ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Simulium och familjen knott. \n\nArtens utbredningsomr\u00e5de \u00e4r Filippinerna. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\nKnott\ndiscrepans", "meta": {"title": "Simulium discrepans", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulium%20discrepans", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Elections to Ballymena Borough Council were held on 21 May 1997 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used four district electoral areas to elect a total of 24 councillors.\n\nElection results\n\nNote: \"Votes\" are the first preference votes.\n\nDistricts summary\n\n|- class=\"unsortable\" align=\"centre\"\n!rowspan=2 align=\"left\"|Ward\n! % \n!Cllrs\n! % \n!Cllrs\n! %\n!Cllrs\n! %\n!Cllrs\n! %\n!Cllrs\n!rowspan=2|TotalCllrs\n|- class=\"unsortable\" align=\"center\"\n!colspan=2 bgcolor=\"\" | UUP\n!colspan=2 bgcolor=\"\" | DUP\n!colspan=2 bgcolor=\"\" | SDLP\n!colspan=2 bgcolor=\"\" | Alliance\n!colspan=2 bgcolor=\"white\"| Others\n|-\n|align=\"left\"|Ballymena North\n|bgcolor=\"40BFF5\"|36.8\n|bgcolor=\"40BFF5\"|3\n|22.0\n|1\n|16.8\n|1\n|7.8\n|1\n|16.6\n|1\n|7\n|-\n|align=\"left\"|Ballymena South\n|36.6\n|3\n|bgcolor=\"#D46A4C\"|40.9\n|bgcolor=\"#D46A4C\"|3\n|17.6\n|1\n|0.0\n|0\n|4.9\n|0\n|7\n|-\n|align=\"left\"|Bannside\n|32.9\n|2\n|bgcolor=\"#D46A4C\"|50.7\n|bgcolor=\"#D46A4C\"|3\n|16.4\n|0\n|0.0\n|0\n|0.0\n|0\n|5\n|-\n|align=\"left\"|Braid\n|bgcolor=\"40BFF5\"|47.7\n|bgcolor=\"40BFF5\"|3\n|32.7\n|1\n|19.6\n|1\n|0.0\n|0\n|0.0\n|0\n|5\n|-\n|- class=\"unsortable\" class=\"sortbottom\" style=\"background:#C9C9C9\"\n|align=\"left\"| Total\n|38.3\n|11\n|36.7\n|8\n|17.5\n|3\n|2.0\n|1\n|5.5\n|1\n|24\n|-\n|}\n\nDistricts results\n\nBallymena North\n\n1993: 3 x UUP, 1 x DUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x Alliance, 1 x Independent Unionist\n1997: 3 x UUP, 1 x DUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x Alliance, 1 x Independent Unionist\n1993-1997 Change: No change\n\nBallymena South\n\n1993: 3 x DUP, 2 x UUP, 1 x SDLP, 1 x Independent Unionist\n1997: 3 x DUP, 3 x UUP, 1 x SDLP\n1993-1997 Change: UUP gain from Independent Unionist\n\nBannside\n\n1993: 3 x DUP, 2 x UUP\n1997: 3 x DUP, 2 x UUP\n1993-1997 Change: No change\n\nBraid\n\n1993: 3 x UUP, 2 x DUP\n1997: 3 x UUP, 1 x DUP, 1 x SDLP\n1993-1997 Change: DUP gain from UUP\n\nReferences\n\nBallymena Borough Council elections\nBallymena", "meta": {"title": "1997 Ballymena Borough Council election", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997%20Ballymena%20Borough%20Council%20election", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430:\n \u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u00a0\u2013 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435;\n \u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u00a0\u2013 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043a \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430;\n \u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u00a0\u2013 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b.", "meta": {"title": "\u0420\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442 (\u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435)", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%20%28%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%29", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b \u0410\u0444\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438 13 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0444\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00a0\u2014 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438)\n\n\u0412\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043d. \u041d\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0425\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n Afghan blast targets Indian embassy\n\n\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0435\n\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b 2009 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\n\u0421\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f 8 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f\n\u041e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2009 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n2009 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0410\u0444\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\n\u0421\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0435", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0435 (2009)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%20%D0%B2%20%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%20%282009%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cirsonella extrema is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Skeneidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1912 door Thiele.\n\nSkeneidae", "meta": {"title": "Cirsonella extrema", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirsonella%20extrema", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Feld- bzw. Festungsluftschiffer (franz\u00f6sisch Aerostiers) waren milit\u00e4rische Aufkl\u00e4rungseinheiten, die mit Fesselballonen verschiedener Systeme ausger\u00fcstet waren und der Gefechtsfeld- und Artilleriebeobachtung dienten. Ihre Bl\u00fctezeit erlebten sie w\u00e4hrend des Ersten Weltkriegs an der Westfront. Der verwendete Ballontyp wird als Beobachtungs- oder Sp\u00e4hballon bezeichnet.\n\nFeldluftschiffer betrieben keine Luftschiffe im heutigen Sinn, sondern Gasballons. Beide nutzen das Prinzip Leichter als Luft.\n\nDeutsche Feldluftschiffer- und Festungsluftschiffer-Truppen \n\nBallone sind als milit\u00e4risches Element bereits seit den Koalitionskriegen 1792\u20131815 bekannt. Im Deutsch-Franz\u00f6sischen Krieg 1870\u20131871 wurde die erfolgreiche Aufrechterhaltung einer Nachrichtenverbindung des belagerten Paris zur Au\u00dfenwelt mittels Ballonen Ursache der allgemeinen Aufstellung von Ballontruppen. In Preu\u00dfen geschah dies am 9.\u00a0Mai 1884. Zum Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts gab es in fast allen Streitkr\u00e4ften (Heer wie auch Marine) Ballon-Detachements, die sich allerdings meist mit frei fahrenden Kugelballonen besch\u00e4ftigten und bei denen es im eigentlichen Sinne bzw. in der urspr\u00fcnglichen Absicht um Luftschifffahrt ging, also um die Aufgabe, die sp\u00e4ter Lenkluftschiffe \u00fcbernahmen. \n\nMit der Erfindung des an einer Trosse aufsteigenden Fesselballons kristallisierte sich ein neues Bet\u00e4tigungsfeld heraus: die taktische Gefechtsfeldaufkl\u00e4rung. Mit der Erfindung des Drachenballons durch August von Parseval und Hans Bartsch von Sigsfeld \u00fcbernahm dieser (deutsche) Ballontyp die F\u00fchrung unter den milit\u00e4rischen Ballonen. Er wurde im Laufe der Zeit vielfach kopiert und genutzt. Bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg 1914 wurde den meisten Milit\u00e4rs allerdings nicht so recht klar, was man mit taktischer Gefechtsfeld-Aufkl\u00e4rung anfangen konnte. Und so kam es, dass bereits vor Kriegsbeginn viele Verantwortliche die Fesselballone wieder abschaffen wollten. Im klassischen Bewegungskrieg gab es f\u00fcr solch schwerf\u00e4lliges Ger\u00e4t nur wenig Verwendung. Nach der Marneschlacht im September 1914 erstarrte die Westfront. Ein neues \u2013 bis dahin wenig bekanntes \u2013 Kriegsbild nahm Kontur an, der Stellungs- und Grabenkrieg.\n\nIm Februar 1915 gab es an der Westfront ganze neun Fesselballone. Die Feldluftschiffer waren also eine weitgehend ungenutzte und mehr oder weniger unbekannte Gr\u00f6\u00dfe bzw. Waffe. Das lag vor allem an der nicht vorhandenen Koordination und der geringen Sachkenntnis der oberen Kommandobeh\u00f6rden bzw. Armeestellen. Major i.\u00a0G. Hermann Thomsen, ein altgedienter Luftschiffer, der sowohl Erfahrungen in der Lenkluftschifffahrt wie auch bei den Feldluftschiffern gesammelt hatte, verfasste im Fr\u00fchjahr 1915 eine Denkschrift zur Lage der \u201eLuftschifferei\u201c, die einen gro\u00dfen \u2013 positiven \u2013 Widerhall in der Generalit\u00e4t wie auch beim Kaiser fand. Infolgedessen wurde durch Allerh\u00f6chste Kabinettsorder (AKO) vom 11. M\u00e4rz 1915 die Dienststelle \u201eChef des Feldflugwesens\u201c gegr\u00fcndet, die direkt beim Generalstab des Heeres angesiedelt wurde. Damit war auch ein guter Kontakt zur Obersten Heeresleitung (OHL) gegeben. Chef des Feldflugwesens wurde Major i.\u00a0G. Thomsen. Ihm wurden alle Flieger, Lenkluftschiffe, die Fesselballone wie auch das Wetterwesen unterstellt. \n\nAm 21.\u00a0Februar 1916 begann der Angriff auf Verdun und seine vorgelagerten Festungen. Erstmals wurden 12 Ballone koordiniert eingesetzt. Das Armeeoberkommando 5 (A.O.K.\u00a05) lie\u00df ein besonderes Ballon-Leitungsnetz bauen und in einer so genannten Ballonzentrale die Aufkl\u00e4rungsmeldungen der Feldluftschiffer zentral auswerten und gezielt an die F\u00fchrung weiterleiten. \n\nDa anf\u00e4nglich jeder Ballonzug nur einen Ballon hatte, fiel die gesamte Einheit aus, wenn der Ballon zerst\u00f6rt wurde. Erst nach Neubeschaffung konnte der Zug weiterarbeiten. Aus dieser Erkenntnis heraus wurden umgehend Feldluftschiffer-Depots bzw. -Parks geschaffen, um die Verluste relativ schnell ersetzen zu k\u00f6nnen. Erst Ende 1917 wurde das Ausr\u00fcstungssoll aufgestockt (siehe unten).\n\nW\u00e4hrend der Verdun-Offensive waren erstmals deutliche Verluste bei den Feldluftschiffern zu beklagen, da der Feind die neugeschaffene Brandmunition einsetzte (siehe Abschuss des Heeresluftschiffes LZ\u00a077 am 21.\u00a0Februar 1916).\n\nIn der Schlacht an der Somme vom 24.\u00a0Juni bis 26.\u00a0November 1916 wurde mehr als die H\u00e4lfte der an der Westfront verf\u00fcgbaren Feldluftschifferabteilungen (FLA) eingesetzt: 18 FLA mit 50 Ballonen. Jedes A.O.K. verf\u00fcgte erstmals \u00fcber eine eigene Ballonzentrale. Ebenfalls zum ersten Mal bekamen die Feldluftschiffer den dringend ben\u00f6tigten aktiven Schutz durch Jagdflieger \u2013 der Feind hatte die Ballone und ihre T\u00e4tigkeit sp\u00fcrbar als wichtig und gef\u00e4hrlich eingestuft.\n\nDie Ereignisse des Jahres 1916 hatten die \u201eLuftwaffe\u201c endg\u00fcltig etabliert, die Aufgaben konkretisiert. Sowohl der Feind wie auch die deutschen Stellen wussten nun was Flieger, Luftschiffer und Feldluftschiffer zu leisten und nicht zu leisten in der Lage waren. \nAuf deutscher Seite wurde am 8. Oktober 1916 die Dienststelle des \u201eKommandierenden Generals der Luftstreitkr\u00e4fte\u201c (Kogenluft) unter General von Hoeppner gegr\u00fcndet, der nun s\u00e4mtliche Ersatz- und Ausbildungsangelegenheiten koordinierte. Insgesamt wurde die Kommandostruktur gestrafft und optimiert. Das deutsche Heer verf\u00fcgte mittlerweile \u00fcber 53 FLA mit 128 Ballonz\u00fcgen, die von 53 Abteilungsst\u00e4ben und 7 Ballonzentralen gef\u00fchrt wurden. Die FLA bzw. die Ballonz\u00fcge wurden zu Aufkl\u00e4rungs- und Gefechtsgruppen zusammengefasst. Damit verbesserte sich die Leistungsf\u00e4higkeit dieser Truppe massiv.\n\nDie Umstrukturierungen der Luftstreitkr\u00e4fte durch den KoGenLuft hatte \u00fcberall Auswirkungen, so auch bei den Lenkluftschiffen, speziell den Heeresluftschiffern. Aus vielerlei Gr\u00fcnden (siehe Link unten) kam es ab dem Fr\u00fchjahr 1917 zur Einstellung der Heeresluftschifffahrt (d.\u00a0h. des Fahrbetriebes mit Lenkluftschiffen). Das freiwerdende (Boden-)Personal wurde gr\u00f6\u00dftenteils an die Feldluftschiffer-Abteilungen abgegeben. Materialengp\u00e4sse machten 1918 die Zusammenf\u00fchrung von je zwei Ballonz\u00fcgen zu einem Ballonzug notwendig. Bis dahin galt die Regel \u201e1 Ballonzug \u2261 1 Ballon \u2261 1 Aufstiegsstelle\u201c. Die neue Struktur gew\u00e4hrleistete neue (schnellere) Material- und Personal-Verf\u00fcgbarkeit. \n\nIm Sommer 1918 verf\u00fcgte das Heer \u00fcber 186 Ballonz\u00fcge und 56 Abteilungsst\u00e4be. Auf dem H\u00f6hepunkt ihrer Wirksamkeit erfuhren die Feldluftschiffer den bitteren Preis ihres K\u00f6nnens: die h\u00f6chsten Verluste ihrer Geschichte. Der Feind schoss auf die Ballone, da sie in ihrer neuen hohen Effizienz jede Bewegung feindlicher Kr\u00e4fte umfassend und unverz\u00fcglich weitermeldeten. Die Verlustraten erinnern an die Lenkluftschifffahrt, die mit ihren wenigen Luftschiffen eine sehr gro\u00dfe Bindung von feindlichen Kr\u00e4ften bewirkten. Auch die Feldluftschiffer waren von einer unbeachteten zu einer vielbeachteten, schwer bek\u00e4mpften Waffe aufgestiegen. Ohne ihr Tun war keine taktische Nahgefechtsfeld-Aufkl\u00e4rung mehr denkbar.\n\nErg\u00e4nzungen zur Feldluftschifferei in Deutschland und weltweit\n\nDislozierung FLA \u2013 Ballonz\u00fcge \u2013 Reihenbildz\u00fcge \n\nDer Einsatz der FLA erfolgte in der gro\u00dfen Mehrheit an der Westfront. An der Ostfront und bei den Feldz\u00fcgen gegen Rum\u00e4nien und Serbien gab es nur punktuelle Verwendungen. Am Isonzo, an der Italienfront, kam es 1917 zu gezielten, sehr erfolgreichen Eins\u00e4tzen der Ballonwaffe. In Deutschland gab es w\u00e4hrend des Krieges keine ausgepr\u00e4gte Trennung der Luftstreitkr\u00e4fte vom Heer \u2013 sie waren Bestandteil des Heeres. Die Marine \u2013 eine eigenst\u00e4ndige Teilstreitkraft \u2013 verf\u00fcgte und kommandierte eigene Luftstreitkr\u00e4fte: das Marineluftschiff-Detachement (sp\u00e4ter Marineluftschiff-Abteilung \u2013 gef\u00fchrt vom F\u00fchrer der Marine-Luftschiffe Fregattenkapit\u00e4n Peter Strasser), die Feldluftschiffer-Abteilungen, die f\u00fcr unterschiedliche Aufgaben den jeweiligen Lufth\u00e4fen angegliedert waren, die Marine-Fesselballon-Abteilung, die die deutsche Marineinfanterie im flandrischen K\u00fcstendienst unterst\u00fctzte und die Seefliegerkr\u00e4fte. Die Dislozierung der einzelnen Ballonz\u00fcge bzw. FLA und ihrer Untergliederungen d\u00fcrfte heute im Einzelnen schwer zu ergr\u00fcnden sein. Hilfreich k\u00f6nnte die Auswertung von Feldpost sein, allerdings hat dieses Verfahren seine Grenzen, da die Standorte der Ballone den t\u00e4glichen Bed\u00fcrfnissen des Frontbetriebes folgten. In diesem Zusammenhang sei auch das immer wieder im Postalischen auftauchende Luftschiffer-Bataillon Stollwerck erw\u00e4hnt dessen Herkunft und weiteres Wirken in weiten Teilen unbekannt ist (siehe Weblinks). \n\nDie franz\u00f6sischen Feldluftschiffer hatten schon zu Beginn des Krieges ihre Beobachtungen (auch) fotografisch festgehalten. Die Erstellung von Luftaufnahmen wurde mit wissenschaftlicher Genauigkeit betrieben und war im Frontbetrieb sehr hilfreich. Auf deutscher Seite beschr\u00e4nkte man sich anfangs auf die einfache optische Beobachtung und telefonische Weiterleitung der Erkenntnisse. Dies hatte systemimmanente Schw\u00e4chen. Sp\u00e4ter begann man auch hier mit der Erstellung fotografischer Gel\u00e4ndekarten. Erst im Laufe des Jahres 1916 wurden erste Reihenbildz\u00fcge (RBZ) aufgestellt, die den FLA angegliedert wurden. Die Reihenbildz\u00fcge waren im Grunde nur eine Erg\u00e4nzung in Form von Reihenbildkameras mit 30 Zentimeter (sp\u00e4ter 70 bzw. 120 Zentimeter) Brennweite, die Ger\u00e4te zur Entwicklung der Filme sowie das dazugeh\u00f6rige Fachpersonal. Die spezielle Hauptaufgabe der Reihenbildz\u00fcge war die Erstellung von Reihenbildaufnahmen, also die Produktion von Luftaufnahmen, die aneinandergereiht einen gro\u00dfen \u00dcbersichtsplan (= Luftaufnahme) ergaben.\n\nIn Gro\u00dfbritannien wurden im Ersten Weltkrieg von der Royal Navy zur Ortung von Zeppelinen bemannte Fesselballons eingesetzt. Zum Erhorchen der Motoren der deutschen Luftschiffe sollten die als Horchposten eingesetzten Soldaten nicht den Umweltger\u00e4uschen am Boden ausgesetzt sein und au\u00dferdem in der H\u00f6he einen weiteren Umkreis abh\u00f6ren k\u00f6nnen als am Boden. Der Fesselballon, unter denen in einem Korb der Horchposten sa\u00df, wurde etwa 150 Meter hoch gebracht. H\u00f6rte der Posten einen Zeppelin, rief er seine Beobachtung zur Bodenmannschaft hinunter. Die Bodenmannschaft sollte offensichtlich sodann \u00fcber Telefon einen Flugplatz anrufen, um Flugzeuge zur Abwehr des Zeppelins heranzuholen. Sollte das Seil des Fesselballons rei\u00dfen, hatte der Mann im Korb ein Seil mit einem Fanghaken, mit dem er versuchen sollte, sich an irgendetwas am Boden festzuhaken, w\u00e4hrend der Ballon driftete.\n\nWeiterentwicklung zum Caquot-Ballon \n\nDas technische System des Drachenballons wie er nicht nur auf deutscher Seite als Fesselballon verwendet wurde, stammte aus den Jahren 1893\u201398, also vom Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts. Die Drachenballone des Systems Parseval-Sigsfeld hatten zwar gro\u00dfe Vorteile gegen\u00fcber Kugelballonen, standen aber nicht so ruhig am Himmel wie es w\u00fcnschenswert gewesen w\u00e4re. Die Beobachter mussten schon sehr seefest sein, um bei dem typischen Geschaukele des Ballons bei guter Gesundheit zu bleiben. Auch f\u00fcr die fotografischen Aufnahmen war ein stabil stehender Fesselballon von gro\u00dfem Vorteil.\n\nDa die Franzosen schon seit Beginn des Krieges eine qualitativ hochstehende Bildaufkl\u00e4rung betrieben, f\u00fchlten sie sich durch diese Unvollkommenheit des Drachenballons behindert. Im Jahre 1916 entwickelte der franz\u00f6sische Hauptmann Albert Caquot einen neuen Typ eines wurstf\u00f6rmigen Fesselballons, der am Heck mit drei radial angeordneten Steuers\u00e4cken als Leitwerk versehen war, welche gegeneinander um 120 Grad versetzt waren. Dieser Ballontyp erwies sich bei der praktischen Erprobung in der Luft als sehr stabil. Er war so erfolgreich, dass er in der Folge nicht nur auf Seiten der Entente in gro\u00dfer Zahl gebaut und verwendet wurde. Im Fr\u00fchjahr erbeutete das deutsche Heer einen Caquot-Ballon und baute ihn prompt nach. Alle neuen deutschen Ballone wurden nach diesem System gebaut. Auf deutscher Seite wie auch bei den Gegnern gab es verschiedene Gr\u00f6\u00dfen und Abarten der Ballone, die sich aber im Wesentlichen nur in der genauen Bauweise des Leitwerkes unterschieden. Typisch ist die Bauweise ganz aus einer H\u00fclle ohne weitere feste sprich starre Bestandteile. Selbst im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde diese Art des Ballons noch eingesetzt. Auch heutige Fesselballone (meist als Werbetr\u00e4ger eingesetzt) sind in der Regel Caquot-Ballone, da die entleerten Ballone sich v\u00f6llig zusammenfalten lassen und daher einfach zu transportieren sind.\n\nEin weiteres fortschrittliches Element des Caquot-Ballons war die Ausstattung der Beobachter mit Fallschirmen. Im Falle eines Fliegerangriffs verlie\u00df die Besatzung auf diese Weise vorsorglich den Ballon, da eine R\u00fcckholung des Ger\u00e4ts zur Erde in einer derart kurzen Zeit meist nicht m\u00f6glich war. Im Gegensatz dazu wurden Flugzeugbesatzungen erst Ende 1918 mit Fallschirmen ausgestattet, da die Befehlshaber der Fliegerstaffeln davon ausgingen, dass ein derartiges Rettungssystem die Kampfmoral untergrabe.\n\nSiehe auch \nBallontrain\nMilit\u00e4rluftschiff\nSp\u00e4hkorb\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nLiteratur \n Ernst Struck: Im Fesselballon Ernst Struck, Leutnant der Reserve und F\u00fchrer eines Ballonzuges, Verlag August Scherl Berlin 1918 \n Karl Friedrich Ehrhardt: Die Geschichte der Milit\u00e4r-Ballone von 1794 bis zur Gegenwart. \u201eJet & Prop\u201c Chronik Spezial 5, Verlag VDMedien Zweibr\u00fccken 2002 ISBN 3-925480-70-6\n Max Erhardt: Im Ballon vor dem Feinde Max Erhardt, Leutnant der Landwehr und F\u00fchrer eines Ballonzuges, Verlag Julius Hoffmann Stuttgart 1918\nZur Geschichte der Luftschifferei in der Schweiz:\n Carl Hildebrandt: Luftschiffer. Die Ballontruppen der Schweizer Armee 1893\u20131937, Eigenverlag, Wabern 1992\n Roman Sch\u00fcrmann: Helvetische J\u00e4ger. Dramen und Skandale am Milit\u00e4rhimmel, Rotpunktverlag, Z\u00fcrich 2009, ISBN 978-3-85869-406-5\n\nWeblinks \n\nGeschichte der milit\u00e4rischen Luftfahrt\nMilit\u00e4rische Aufkl\u00e4rung\nLuftschifffahrt\nLuftkrieg im Ersten Weltkrieg", "meta": {"title": "Feldluftschiffer", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldluftschiffer", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tauridion shewelli \u00e4r en tv\u00e5vingeart som beskrevs av Papp och Silva 1995. Tauridion shewelli ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Tauridion och familjen l\u00f6vflugor. \n\nArtens utbredningsomr\u00e5de \u00e4r Peru. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\nL\u00f6vflugor\nshewelli", "meta": {"title": "Tauridion shewelli", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauridion%20shewelli", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tras del Alto es una de las 10 veredas que conforman la zona rural de la ciudad colombiana de Tunja. Su nombre data de \u00e9pocas coloniales y denominaba la regi\u00f3n que quedaba detr\u00e1s del Alto de San L\u00e1zaro.\n\nGeograf\u00eda \n\nLa vereda Tras del Alto est\u00e1 ubicada en la parte centro occidental del municipio. Limita por el norte con el Municipio de Motavita, por el sur-este con el l\u00edmite urbano: Comuna 4 y vereda El Porvenir, por el sur con las vereda del Porvenir y La Esperanza. Por el este, con el Municipio de Cucaita.\n\nDemograf\u00eda \n\nEs la vereda m\u00e1s poblada de la ciudad (1370 habitantes) predomina la poblaci\u00f3n masculina en un 57%. El 71% cuenta con educaci\u00f3n primaria y el 29% educaci\u00f3n secundaria. La poblaci\u00f3n que integra esta vereda, en su totalidad est\u00e1 conformada por migrantes provenientes en un 52% del municipio de Motavita, 12% de las veredas Chorroblanco, 12% de Runta, 12% del municipio de Samac\u00e1 y del espacio urbano de Tunja el 12%.\nEl 70% de los migrantes compraron lote con el prop\u00f3sito de asentarse, el 30% encontr\u00f3 trabajo y se estableci\u00f3 all\u00ed. El promedio de a\u00f1os que esta poblaci\u00f3n lleva viviendo en la vereda es de 13; el 80% es propietaria.\n\nServicios p\u00fablicos \n\nEl 70% de las viviendas de esta vereda cuenta con los servicios de energ\u00eda y acueducto, pero no con alcantarillado y servicio telef\u00f3nico, y el 73% de estos han cambiado su uso a mixto y ahora funcionan como tiendas.\n\nReferencias \n\nVeredas de Tunja\nTunja", "meta": {"title": "Tras del Alto", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tras%20del%20Alto", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kebu, nom de sc\u00e8ne de Sebastian Teir, est un musicien, arrangeur et compositeur finlandais de musique \u00e9lectronique.\n\nBiographie \nSebastian Teir est originaire d\u2019Espoo. En 2008 il fait partie du groupe Kouzin Bedlam. En 2012 sort son premier disque. Il obtient le prix du meilleur artiste aux Schallwelle Music Awards de 2017, un prix r\u00e9compensant les artistes de la musique instrumentale \u00e9lectronique. Il est connu pour ses vid\u00e9os YouTube, qui ont rassembl\u00e9 plus de 20 millions de t\u00e9l\u00e9spectateurs et de fans du monde entier.\n\nStyle musical  \nIl utilise des synth\u00e9tiseurs analogiques et des boucles sonores. D'apr\u00e8s C\u00e9line Deh\u00e9din du site nouvelle-vague.com, Kebu s\u2019inspire d\u2019influences musicales des ann\u00e9es 70/80 et de l\u2019\u00e9lectro moderne.\n\nDiscographie\n\nAlbums \n 2012 : To Jupiter and Back\n 2016 : Perplexagon\n 2021 : Urban Dreams\n\nSimple \n Deep Blue\n\nConcerts \n Perplexagon Tour 2017\n  : Varsovie.\n  : Vienne.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n  Kebu jouant sur Roland SE-02 sur youtube.com\n\nMusicien finlandais de musique \u00e9lectronique", "meta": {"title": "Kebu", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebu", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Tunnel was a nightclub in Glasgow, Scotland that operated from 1990 until 2014.\n\nLocation \nThe Tunnel was located on Mitchell Street, Glasgow.\n\nHistory \nThe basement club opened in 1990 and had a capacity of 1,100 customers. It was owned by CPL Entertainment Group and Hold Fast Entertainment group. The club was named UK Discotheque of The Year by the British Entertainment and Discotheque Association in 1995.\n\nResident disc-jockeys included Steven McReery, Colin Tevendale, Michael Silky Kilkie, Tevendale and McCreery, Lisa Littlewood, Simon Foy and Harry Miller. Guest disc-jockeys over the years included Ti\u00ebsto, Judge Jules, Paul Oakenfold, Trevor Nelson, Roger Sanchez, and Danny Rampling.\n\nThe Friday night opening was known as Ark and Saturday night opening was known as Triumph. There was a monthly event known as Renaissance Night.\n\nThe club closed in 2014, and was bought by G1 Group and turned into a bar called Revolution.\n\nSee also \n\n List of electronic dance music venues\n\nReferences \n\nNightclubs in Glasgow\nMusic venues in Glasgow\nElectronic dance music venues\n1990 establishments in Scotland\n2014 disestablishments in Scotland\nDefunct nightclubs in the United Kingdom", "meta": {"title": "The Tunnel (Glasgow nightclub)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tunnel%20%28Glasgow%20nightclub%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Andr\u00e9 Tegeler (born 9 August 1973), known by his stage name Moguai (stylised as MOGUAI), is a German music producer and DJ. In the early 1990s, he took the alias Moguai and began organising his own club nights and parties in Ruhrgebiet and M\u00fcnsterland. He became one of the first techno DJs in Germany, sharing a platform with the likes of Paul van Dyk, Westbam and Sven V\u00e4th. \n\nIn more recent years, however, Moguai's sound has developed to include a combination of tech-house, progressive house, big beat and electro house. He has also worked in more mainstream areas of the music industry, producing for the likes of the Sugababes, Girls Aloud and 2Raumwohnung, which earned him double platinum and gold disc awards.\n\nEarly life and education \n\nTegeler was born in Recklinghausen, North Rhine-Westphalia. He studied for his high school diploma at the Freiherr-von-Stein-Gymnasium in Recklinghausen, after which he completed a two-year apprenticeship in the family butcher business, making him the youngest journeyman butcher in North Rhine-Westphalia. He then went on to study law at the Ruhr University in Bochum, which is where he also embarked upon his career as a DJ and music producer.\n\nCareer\n\nMusic \nIn 1994, Tegeler, now trading under the name Moguai, teamed up with German producer J\u00fcrgen Driessen to release his debut EP, entitled Best Before End, with Important Records. The following year, Moguai set up his own studio with Phil Fuldner, called PUNX Studios. Arguably the studio's greatest successes were Fuldner's The Final (1988), which became the theme tune for the cult manga series Captain Future, and Moguai's Beatbox, which was the first electronic instrumental track to hold 10 weeks in the German top 40.\n\nAt the same time, Moguai collaborated as a remixer with artists such as Giorgio Moroder, Yves Deruyter, Timo Maas, Planet Funk, Cosmic Baby, BBE, Fischerspooner and 2raumwohnung. In 2002 and 2006, respectively, he worked with British production house Xenomania, specifically on their work for bands Sugababes and Girls Aloud on In the Middle (Sugababes) and Something Kinda Ooh (Girls Aloud), respectively. Both of which were reworks of two of Moguai's previous singles U Know Y and Get On. He would later receive credit on the song Come Back to Mine by Xenomania's in-house drummer and recording artist Florrie. He was awarded double platinum records for both of these projects. Similarly, in 2005, he teamed up with German electro-pop duo 2raumwohnung to create the single Sasha (Sex Secret) on the album Es wird Morgen, which went Gold.\n\nSince 2009, Moguai has released his music with Mau5trap, run by Canadian superstar DJ Deadmau5. His first EP release with this label was We Are Lyve (2010), which featured the singles Impereal, Nyce and Blau. Currently, the label represents the likes of Eekkoo, REZZ, and No Mana, but one of its first artists, Skrillex, won three Grammys in 2012, helping secure the great reputation the label enjoys today.\n\nIn March 2011, he joined forces with Mau5trap and Beatport to produce an hour-long progressive house mix, Lyve from Beta, recorded at the Beta Club in Denver, Colorado, and edited using Ableton Live software. The set is made up entirely of his own tracks, making it one of the few albums that combines both live and pre-recorded DJing by the same artist. The success of this album earned him a great deal more international acclaim, with artists such as Britney Spears, Beyonc\u00e9, Fatboy Slim, Underworld, Afrojack and Felix da Housecat approaching him for collaborations and remixes. In January 2012, he released Mpire, again on Mau5trap, collaborating with Kosheen, Fiona Cutler, Polina Goudieva and Tommy Trash.\n\nRadio \nSince 2000, Moguai has been a radio DJ and presenter at Radio 1Live (West German Broadcasting) on the 1Live DJ segment, which runs every Saturday from 22:00 pm to 01:00 am. The show also features guest DJs, and in the past has included the likes of Avicii, Tiesto, Paul van Dyk, Steve Aoki, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike and Turntablerocker. The final hour of the show belongs to the 1Live residents, which include Andhim, AKA AKA, Claptone, Wankelmut and many more.\n\nIn 2007, Moguai was made a resident DJ at German radio station MDR Sputnik, where he plays every third Saturday of the month. In 2008, he launched his own monthly radio podcast on Digitally Imported Radio called Punx Up the Volume. It can also be heard on the radio in the UK, the US, Australia, Russia and Brazil. In 2009, he launched an eponymous two-hour radio show every fourth Thursday with German radio station Sunshine Live.\n\nTelevision\n\nAs host\n\nMTV \n Chillout Zone\n Party Zone\n Select\n In Touch\n\nVIVA \n 5-hour live moderation of Nature One, 2001\n Guest moderator of Mayday, 2001\n Clubrotation\n Berlin House\n\nDiscography \n\nStudio albums\n We Ar Lyve (2010)\n Mpire (2012)\n Colors (2021)\n\nReferences \n\nLiving people\nGerman DJs\nGerman record producers\nGerman house musicians\nMau5trap artists\nPeople from Recklinghausen\nProgressive house musicians\nElectronic dance music DJs\n1973 births", "meta": {"title": "Moguai", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moguai", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Zapriothrica salebrosa \u00e4r en tv\u00e5vingeart som beskrevs av Wheeler 1968. Zapriothrica salebrosa ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Zapriothrica och familjen daggflugor. \n\nArtens utbredningsomr\u00e5de \u00e4r Colombia. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nDaggflugor\nsalebrosa", "meta": {"title": "Zapriothrica salebrosa", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapriothrica%20salebrosa", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Edwards Township may refer to the following places in the United States:\n\n Edwards Township, Michigan\n Edwards Township, Kandiyohi County, Minnesota\n\nTownship name disambiguation pages", "meta": {"title": "Edwards Township", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards%20Township", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Phoenix Airways (abbreviata in Phoenix) era una compagnia aerea charter svizzera che cess\u00f2 le operazioni nel 1974.\n\nStoria \nLa Phoenix Airways AG era stata fondata il 13 ottobre 1970 da un gruppo di investitori privati a Basilea con un capitale di due milioni di franchi svizzeri. In origine la compagnia doveva chiamarsi Helvetic Air, ma il registro del commercio di Basilea respinse il nome perch\u00e9 non era una societ\u00e0 di propriet\u00e0 statale. La Phoenix acquist\u00f2 il 1\u00ba aprile 1971 un nuovo BAC 111-500 e il 17 aprile 1971 ricevette il suo certificato di operatore aereo. Il velivolo fu concesso in leasing per breve tempo alle compagnie aeree della Germania Ovest prima di essere utilizzata sulle rotte per le localit\u00e0 vacanziere nel Mediterraneo da Basilea e Zurigo. In aggiunta la societ\u00e0 effettuava dei voli charter occasionali verso altre regioni europee, tra cui la Scandinavia.\n\nNella primavera del 1972 Phoenix Airways acquist\u00f2 un Boeing 707-131 usato dalla Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI) per intraprendere voli a lungo raggio. Poich\u00e9 l'aereo doveva anche trasportare frutta e verdura da Israele nei mesi invernali con poca affluenza venne dotato di una stiva merci. La consegna dell'aereo riconvertito fu ritardata fino al 4 novembre 1972. Di conseguenza la societ\u00e0 noleggi\u00f2 un aereo identico dalla IAI dal 29 marzo al 31 ottobre 1972 come sostituto.\n\nDalla primavera del 1973 la Phoenix Airways offriva voli charter ad hoc IT da Zurigo a Bangkok (Thailandia) e Lom\u00e9 (Togo) con il suo Boeing 707-131F. Durante la stagione estiva 1973 l'aereo veniva utilizzato solo occasionalmente. Inoltre doveva essere trasferito a Basilea quando arrivava il momento di effettuare la manutenzione, e le operazioni partivano principalmente da Zurigo, il che comportava dei costi aggiuntivi. La situazione finanziaria della societ\u00e0, gi\u00e0 in difficolt\u00e0, peggior\u00f2 ulteriormente dall'autunno del 1973 perch\u00e9 i prezzi del carburante, a causa dell'impatto della prima crisi petrolifera, aumentarono notevolmente. Dopo che il BAC 1-11 fu sequestrato nella primavera del 1974 a causa di fatture di manutenzione non pagate, le autorit\u00e0 svizzere ritirarono la licenza di Phoenix Airways il 18 marzo 1974. La procedura fallimentare si apr\u00ec il mese successivo.\n\nFlotta \n BAC 111-529FR  (codice: HB-ITL)\n Boeing 707-131 e 707-131F  (numeri di registrazione: N732TW e HB-IEG)\n\nNote\n\nVoci correlate \nEdelweiss Air\nHelvetic Airways\n\nAltri progetti \n\nCompagnie aeree del passato svizzere\nCompagnie aeree charter", "meta": {"title": "Phoenix Airways", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix%20Airways", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Der Wat Ku  () ist eine buddhistische Tempelanlage (Wat) in der Stadt Pak Kret (Provinz Nonthaburi), einem n\u00f6rdlichen Vorort der thail\u00e4ndischen Hauptstadt Bangkok.\n\nLage \nDer Wat Ku liegt am \u00f6stlichen Ufer des Mae Nam Chao Phraya (Chao-Phraya-Fluss) im Tambon (Unterbezirk) Bang Phut, das zur Stadt Pak Kret geh\u00f6rt.\n\nBaugeschichte \nDer Wat Ku wurde im sp\u00e4ten 18. Jahrhundert unter K\u00f6nig Taksin errichtet, der die Mon aus Birma nach Siam holte, um Arbeitskr\u00e4fte und Handwerker zu gewinnen. In jener Zeit zog deren Anf\u00fchrer Phraya Cheng zahlreiche seiner Landsleute nach Thailand. Die Anlage und die Architektur sind deshalb im Stil der Mon gehalten.\n\nSehensw\u00fcrdigkeiten \nFolgende Sehensw\u00fcrdigkeiten befinden sich im Bereich des Wat Ku.\n\nEine kleine Sala (Pavillon) im Stile des Phra Thinang Aisawan Thippayat () in Bang Pa-in, die K\u00f6nig Chulalongkorn (Rama V.) errichten lie\u00df, erinnert an K\u00f6nigin Sunandha Kumariratana, die hier in der N\u00e4he bei einem tragischen Bootsungl\u00fcck ums Leben kam und f\u00fcr kurze Zeit im Tempel aufgebahrt wurde. Das verungl\u00fcckte Boot wurde sp\u00e4ter geborgen und in einem kleinen Geb\u00e4ude auf dem Tempelgel\u00e4nde des Wat Ku ausgestellt. Eine gro\u00dfe Statue vor dem Pavillon zeigt den Buddha in liegender Haltung.\n\nDie Wandmalereien sind, wie der ganze Tempel ebenfalls im Stil der Mon gehalten und zeigen Darstellungen aus dem Leben des Buddha.\n\nLiteratur \n Clarence Aasen: Architecture of Siam: A Cultural History and Interpretation. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1998, ISBN 983-56-0027-9.\n\nWeblinks \n Webseiten in englischer Sprache, unter anderem zum Wat Ku abgerufen am 24. M\u00e4rz 2010\n\nKu\nPak Kret\nBuddhistischer Tempel in Asien", "meta": {"title": "Wat Ku", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat%20Ku", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Warugas sind Steingr\u00e4ber der Minahasa in Nordsulawesi, Indonesien.\nDer Gebrauch dieser Steingr\u00e4ber begann in der Steinzeit, er wurde erst 1800 aus hygienischen Gr\u00fcnden aufgegeben und durch Erdbestattung ersetzt. Die Toten wurden in f\u00f6taler Stellung in die steinernen Grabsteine gesetzt.\nH\u00e4ufig wurden Haushaltsgegenst\u00e4nde, Gold und Porzellan beigegeben. Bei Airmadidi bei Manado sind in einem Friedhof mehrere Warugas erhalten geblieben.\n\nWeblinks\n\nQuellen\nWarugas in Nordsulawesi (englisch)\n\nGrabbau in Asien\nGrabbau in Indonesien", "meta": {"title": "Waruga", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waruga", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Breitbart News Network (Breitbart News, Breitbart \u0430\u0431\u043e Breitbart.com) \u2014 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0454 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 2007 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0454\u043c\u0446\u0435\u043c \u0415\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044e \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c.\n\n\u0428\u0442\u0430\u0431-\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u0441-\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0456. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0431\u044e\u0440\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0422\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0441\u0456, \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u0456 \u0404\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0456.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \n\u0417\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u043c Alexa.com, \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0456 2020 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 Breitbart News \u0437\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0432 56-\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410, \u0442\u0430 271 \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0456.\n\n\u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \n\n \u0415\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044e \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\n \u0421\u0442\u0456\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0411\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043d\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\n \u041e\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0443 \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u0421\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u0417\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0443 \u0421\u0428\u0410 2007", "meta": {"title": "Breitbart News", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breitbart%20News", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tucetona flabellata is een tweekleppigensoort uit de familie van de Glycymerididae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1878 door Tenison-Woods.\n\nGlycymerididae", "meta": {"title": "Tucetona flabellata", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tucetona%20flabellata", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jakabaring Station is a station of the Palembang LRT Line 1, located in the city of Palembang.\n\nThe station is not far from Jakabaring Aquatic Center, Jakabaring Sport City and Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium. The station was one of six stations that opened at the Palembang LRT launch on 1 August 2018.\n\nStation layout\n\nReferences\n\nPalembang\nRailway stations in South Sumatra", "meta": {"title": "Jakabaring LRT station", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakabaring%20LRT%20station", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Katherine Hancock Goode (1872\u20131928) was a teacher, teacher educator, administrator, and state legislator in Illinois. John Paul Goode (1852\u20131932), a professor of Geography at the University of Chicago, was her husband. The Minnesota Historical Society has a photo of her and her husband.\n\nShe was born in Kellogg, Minnesota. She and Flora Sylvester Cheney were politically active. A park bench commemorates them. Cheney campaigned for Charles E. Merriam.\n\nGoode campaigned for civil rights including voting rights for women. She also advocated for an eight-hour workday, women on juries, and better conditions for incarcerated women.\n\nReferences\n\n1872 births\n1928 deaths\nPeople from Wabasha County, Minnesota\nAmerican suffragists\n20th-century American women politicians\n20th-century American politicians\nWomen state legislators in Illinois\nMembers of the Illinois House of Representatives\n20th-century American educators\n20th-century American women educators\nSchoolteachers from Illinois\nAmerican school administrators", "meta": {"title": "Katherine Hancock Goode", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine%20Hancock%20Goode", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\"Ho visto un re\" ('I have seen a king') is a song with text composed by Dario Fo and music by Paolo Ciarchi (credited in the first edition in Ernesto Esposito under the pseudonym Omicron) and performed by Enzo Jannacci, which was first published in 1968, in the 45rpm  Ho visto un re / Bobo Merenda  in the recording of the song the orchestra is directed by Luis Bacalov.\n\nHistory and Meaning \n\nThis song by Dario Fo was born as a \"folk song sham\" written on purpose to put it in the show \"Ci ragiono e canto\", which was composed of a number of folk songs, derived from extensive research on Italian popular songs. The show was presented for the first time in Turin April 16, 1966 at Teatro Carignano.\n\nHo visto un re is a satire against power. The narrative voice is that of some peasants who sing and point out that all powerful (the King, the Emperor, the Bishop, the Cardinal, the rich people) as they are touched their interests, even minimally, they start to cry.\nIn contrast, the peasants, even when they are deprived of essential things, have to laugh because their \u00abcry hurt the king it hurts the rich people and the Cardinal, they become sad if we cry\u00bb.\n\nIn the lyrics are inserted a few phrases in Milanese language.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nHo visto un re (English translation)\n\n1968 singles\nItalian songs\n1968 songs\nEnzo Jannacci songs\nSongs with lyrics by Dario Fo\nItalian folk songs\nRCA Records singles", "meta": {"title": "Ho visto un re", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%20visto%20un%20re", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Claire Smallwood is a freeskier as well as executive director and co-founder of SheJumps, a women's outdoor recreation-focused nonprofit organization facilitating the participation of women and girls in outdoor activities through free and low-cost outdoor education. Smallwood was born in Santa Fe, New Mexico to a family of ranchers, entrepreneurs, and farmers. She is a graduate of Lewis & Clark College in Portland, Oregon.\n\nSmallwood founded SheJumps along with professional freeskier Lynsey Dyer and journalist Vanessa Pierce.\n\nAt its 2014 Women + Sports Summit, ESPNW awarded her a $10,000 Everyday Heroes grant in recognition of her work.\n\nReferences \n\nLiving people\nYear of birth missing (living people)\nOutdoor recreation in the United States\nPeople from New Mexico\nOrganization founders\nAmerican freeskiers\nLewis & Clark College alumni", "meta": {"title": "Claire Smallwood", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire%20Smallwood", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation \u00e4r ett amerikanskt f\u00f6retag som tillverkar flygplan och helikoptrar. Det grundades 1923 av Igor Sikorsky. 1942 kunde f\u00f6retaget b\u00f6rja tillverka v\u00e4rldens f\u00f6rsta fullt fungerande enkelrotorf\u00f6rsedda helikopter.\n\nDen tidigare \u00e4garen United Technologies s\u00e5lde f\u00f6retaget \u00e5r 2015 till Lockheed Martin. Sikorsky blev omg\u00e5ende en del av Lockheeds dotterbolag Lockheed Martin Mission Systems and Training.\n\nHelikoptrar i urval\nSikorsky R-4\nSikorsky H-5\nSikorsky S-55 (H-19 Chickasaw)\nSikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion\n Sikorsky S-61 (Sea King)\nSikorsky S-62 (Seaguard)\nSikorsky S-64 (Skycrane, tillverkas nu som Erickson Scycrane)\nSikorsky S-65 (Sea Stallion)\nSikorsky S-70 (Black Hawk, Helikopter 16)\nSikorsky S-76 (Eagle)\nSikorsky S-80 (Super Stallion)\nSikorsky S-92\n\nFlygplan i urval \n\nSikorsky S-42\n\nSe \u00e4ven\n HMX-1\n\nReferenser\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar\nSikorskys webbplats\n\n \nF\u00f6retag bildade 1923", "meta": {"title": "Sikorsky", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Transcription factor HIVEP3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIVEP3 gene.\n\nFunction \n\nMembers of the ZAS family, such as ZAS3 (HIVEP3), are large proteins that contain a ZAS domain, a modular protein structure consisting of a pair of C2H2 zinc fingers with an acidic-rich region and a serine/threonine -rich sequence. These proteins bind specific DNA sequences, including the kappa-B motif (GGGACTTTCC), in the promoters and enhancer regions of several genes and viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ZAS genes span more than 150 kb and contain at least 10 exons, one of which is longer than 5.5 kb (Allen and Wu, 2004).[supplied by OMIM]\n\nIt regulates osteoblasts.\n\nInteractions \n\nHIVEP3 has been shown to interact with TRAF1 and TRAF2.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links \n \n\nTranscription factors", "meta": {"title": "HIVEP3", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIVEP3", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Entre chien et loup est un feuilleton t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9 qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois comportant 232 \u00e9pisodes de 25 \u00e0 50 minutes, sc\u00e9naris\u00e9 par Aurore Dessureault-Desc\u00f4teaux puis adapt\u00e9 dans son roman \u00e9ponyme et diffus\u00e9 entre le  et le  sur le r\u00e9seau TVA.\n\nSynopsis \n\nL'histoire se d\u00e9roule dans un petit village de la Mauricie, St-Jean-des-Bois dans les ann\u00e9es 1900 \u00e0 1908. Le t\u00e9l\u00e9roman nous raconte principalement la vie des membres de la famille Bernier. Une famille canadienne-fran\u00e7aise qui a v\u00e9cu plusieurs ann\u00e9es aux \u00c9tats-Unis dans la ville de Waterbury (possiblement dans l'\u00e9tat du Connecticut). Le premier \u00e9pisode commence lorsque les membres de la famille Bernier retournent \u00e0 St-Jean-des-Bois. \n\nChaque personnage est attachant et apporte \u00e0 cette s\u00e9rie, une touche unique qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise du d\u00e9but du si\u00e8cle. Certains personnages comme Bedeau et sa femme La\u00efse (Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Morange) nous apportent une petite touche humoristique dans cette s\u00e9rie touchante en plusieurs occasions.\n\nDistribution \nSt\u00e9phane Allard : S\u00e9bastien Dessurault (saison 1)\nMarie B\u00e9gin : C\u00e9lina L'Heureux Bernier (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nLucille B\u00e9lair : La Z\u00e9phise (saison 1)\nMarc Bellier : Aristide de la Chevroti\u00e8re (saisons 5 \u00e0 8)\nMich\u00e8le Beno\u00eet : Simone Brouillette (saison 5)\nJulien Bessette : P\u00e8re Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric (saison 4)\nNicole Blackburn : M\u00e8re St-Jean / Claudia Lafond (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nAlpha Boucher : Zalem (saison 1)\nGenevi\u00e8ve Brouillette : Sarah Bellerive (saison 8)\nYan Brunet : Karl Tanguay (saisons 5 \u00e0 8)\nAndr\u00e9 Cartier : Wilfrid Bernier (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nAlain Charbonneau : John Ross (saisons 1 et 2)\nCarole Chatel : Marilou Bernier (saison 1)\nJean Chevalier : Fabien Desjarlais (saisons 1 \u00e0 3)\nLouise Choini\u00e8re : Florette Simon Bernier (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nSerge Christianssens : Joachim (dit Bedeau) Bronsard (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nRen\u00e9e Cossette : Ang\u00e9line Cossette (saisons 4 et 5)\nRolland D'Amour : P\u00e9p\u00e8re Dominique L'Heureux (saisons 1 \u00e0 4)\nLouis Dallaire : S\u00e9verin Gauthier (saisons 1 \u00e0 3)\nGilles Desc\u00f4teaux : Arthur de Grandmaison (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nLorraine Desmarais : Juliane Dubois (saisons 1 \u00e0 3)\nVincent Dhavernas : Rodolf Tanguay (saison 2)\nYvan Ducharme : Midas G\u00e9linas (saison 8)\nGis\u00e8le Dufour : Maggy Trudeau (saison 5)\nReine France : Candide B. Clermont (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nBertrand Gagnon : Hubert Valois (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nSylvia Gari\u00e9py : Nurse Cora Jacob (saisons 1 et 2)\nFernand Gignac : Jean-Baptiste Champagne (saisons 4 \u00e0 8)\nMarcel Girard : Cur\u00e9/chanoine Flavius Normandin (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nH\u00e9l\u00e8ne Gr\u00e9goire : M\u00e8re St-Jean / Claudia Lafond (saison 8)\nFrancine Gu\u00e9nette : S\u0153ur Porti\u00e8re (saison 6)\nSimon H\u00e9rard : Godefroy Bernier (saison 8)\nDenis Larocque : Lionel Frigon (saison 5)\nGuy L'\u00c9cuyer : Qu\u00eateux Bonenfant (saison 1)\nSuzanne Langlois : Malvina Carignan (saisons 1 \u00e0 4)\nRobert Lavoie : Ti-Gus Collo (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nSuzanne L\u00e9veill\u00e9 : Marilou Bernier (saisons 2 \u00e0 8)\nYves Massicotte : Monseigneur Josaphat Matthon (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nAndr\u00e9 Miville-Desch\u00eanes : Sautrau Carignan (saisons 1 \u00e0 3)\nMonique Miville-Desch\u00eanes : Candide R. Clermont (La Cadou / Dolor\u00e8s Dumas)\nJean-Marie Moncelet : Xavier de Bergeron (saisons 6 \u00e0 8)\nH\u00e9l\u00e8ne Mondoux : Caroline Desjarlais (saisons 1 \u00e0 4)\nJean-Luc Montminy : Andrew Nelson (saisons 7 et 8)\nFrancine Morand : Maggy Trudeau (saisons 6 \u00e0 8)\nTh\u00e9r\u00e8se Morange : La\u00efse Bronsard (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nAndr\u00e9 Myron : Henriot Bernier (saisons 3 \u00e0 6)\nRichard Niquette : On\u00e9sime Gagnon (saison 1)\nJean-Louis Paris : Hubert (dit Ti-bert) Veillette (saisons 6 et 7)\nChantal Provost : Laurianne Bernier L'Heureux (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nJames Rae : Mark Thompson (saison 5)\nJacques Riopel : Antoine Baril (saisons 1 et 3)\nDiane Robitaille : Alice Bernier de la Chevroti\u00e8re (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nAndr\u00e9 Saint-Roch : Pierre-\u00c9tienne Baron (saison 1)\nMadeleine Sicotte : Arline Deschamps Valois (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nYvon Thiboutot : Lazare Carignan (saisons 1 \u00e0 4)\nJacques Thisdale : Joseph Bernier (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\nS\u00e9bastien Trahan : Philippe L'Heureux (saison 4)\nGis\u00e8le Tr\u00e9panier : \u00c9lisa Massicotte (saison 1)\nGuillaume Turgeon : Philippe L'Heureux (saison 5)\nSerge Turgeon : J\u00e9r\u00e9mie L'Heureux (saisons 1 \u00e0 8)\n\nFiche technique \n Sc\u00e9narisation :\n Auteure : Aurore Dessureault-Desc\u00f4teaux\n Collaboratrice : Raymonde Desc\u00f4teaux\n R\u00e9alisation : Jos\u00e9 Aumais, Claude Colbert et R\u00e9al Nantel\n Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de production : T\u00e9l\u00e9-M\u00e9tropole\n\n\u00c9pisodes \n\n Saison 1 : 31 \u00e9pisodes de 30 minutes\n Saison 2 : 31 \u00e9pisodes de 30 minutes\n Saison 3 : 30 \u00e9pisodes de 30 minutes\n Saison 4 : 30 \u00e9pisodes de 30 minutes\n Saison 5 : 30 \u00e9pisodes de 60 minutes\n Saison 6 : 27 \u00e9pisodes de 60 minutes\n Saison 7 : 30 \u00e9pisodes de 60 minutes\n Saison 8 : 26 \u00e9pisodes de 60 minutes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticle connexe \n T\u00e9l\u00e9romans qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n\nS\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1984\nS\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e disparue en 1992\nS\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise des ann\u00e9es 1980\nS\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise des ann\u00e9es 1990\nS\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e de TVA\nFeuilleton t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9\nS\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e se d\u00e9roulant dans les ann\u00e9es 1900", "meta": {"title": "Entre chien et loup (s\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entre%20chien%20et%20loup%20%28s%C3%A9rie%20t%C3%A9l%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A P\u00e1rizs-Saclay Egyetem (angolul Paris-Saclay University, gyakran r\u00f6vid\u00edtve UPS-k\u00e9nt) az Franciaorsz\u00e1g \u00cele-de-France \u00e1llam\u00e1ban m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 egyetem \u00e9s kutat\u00f3int\u00e9zet.\n\nAz UPS sz\u00e9les k\u00f6rben ismert a tudom\u00e1ny \u00e9s a technika ter\u00fclet\u00e9n, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb m\u00e1s t\u00e9ren, \u00edgy p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul menedzsment, k\u00f6zgazdas\u00e1gtan, nyelv\u00e9szet, \u00e1llamigazgat\u00e1s \u00e9s filoz\u00f3fia. Eddig \u00f6sszesen 3 jelenlegi \u00e9s kor\u00e1bbi tagja kapott Nobel-d\u00edjat.\n\nJegyzetek\n\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k \n Honlap\n\nFranciaorsz\u00e1g egyetemei\nP\u00e1rizs oktat\u00e1sa", "meta": {"title": "P\u00e1rizs-Saclay Egyetem", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1rizs-Saclay%20Egyetem", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "J.U.L.I.A. je \u010desk\u00e1 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e1 hra z roku 2012. Vytvo\u0159ilo ji studio CBE Software. Hra se \u0159ad\u00ed mezi adventury a logick\u00e9 hry. Hra vy\u0161la tak\u00e9 v Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, Irsku a Japonsku. V sou\u010dasnosti vznik\u00e1 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 verze. Na serveru Adventure gamers byla hra nominov\u00e1na na nejlep\u0161\u00ed hru roku 2012 podle hratelnosti a postava Mobota byla nominov\u00e1na na nejlep\u0161\u00ed hern\u00ed postavu roku 2012.\n\nP\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \nV roce 2430 byla do nov\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy vysl\u00e1na v\u011bdeck\u00e1 expedice, aby ji prozkoumala. Po n\u011bjak\u00e9 dob\u011b je Rachel Manners, astrobiolo\u017eka, kter\u00e1 se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed expedice, probuzena z kryosp\u00e1nku rojem meteorit\u016f a dozv\u00edd\u00e1 se, \u017ee zbyl\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 pos\u00e1dky jsou mrtv\u00ed. Pot\u00e9, co zabr\u00e1n\u00ed katastrof\u011b lodi, zahajuje pr\u016fzkum soustavy v n\u00ed\u017e se nach\u00e1z\u00ed a pokus\u00ed se zjistit co se stalo ostatn\u00edm. V tom ji pom\u00e1h\u00e1 J.U.L.I.A. (Journeying Universal Life Investigating Automaton), um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed lo\u010f a Mobot, lun\u00e1rn\u00ed robot ur\u010den\u00fd k pr\u016fzkumu.\n\nPostavy\n\nJ.U.L.I.A. \nJe to um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed lo\u010f. Probudila Rachel z kryosp\u00e1nku, kdy\u017e se dostala do roje meteorit\u016f. Po oprav\u011b lodi pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159i pr\u016fzkumu soustavy. Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejtemperamentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed v\u016fbec, n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t je i zm\u00edn\u011bno, \u017ee m\u00e1 emoce podobn\u00e9 lidsk\u00fdm.\n\nMobot \nJde o mobiln\u00edho robota, kter\u00fd prov\u00e1d\u00ed pr\u016fzkum planet a t\u011b\u017e\u00ed suroviny. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu hry obdr\u017e\u00ed n\u011bkolik vylep\u0161en\u00ed. Na rozd\u00edl od Julie nem\u00e1 zakomponovan\u00e9 emoce.\n\nRachel \nJde o 35 letou astrobiolo\u017eku a posledn\u00edho \u017eiv\u00e9ho \u010dlena pos\u00e1dky. Chce zjistit pro\u010d jako jedin\u00e1 p\u0159e\u017eila.\n\nProbl\u00e9my s vydavatelem \nVydavatelem hry bylo studio Lace Mamba Global. Ta v\u0161ak CBE Software neplatila dohodnut\u00e9 zisky a neodpov\u00eddala na dopisy, kter\u00fdmi se v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i sna\u017eili tento probl\u00e9m \u0159e\u0161it. Podobn\u00fd probl\u00e9m se zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm vydavatelem m\u011bly i jin\u00e1 studia, nap\u0159\u00edklad Amanita Design, kter\u00e9 na Lace Mamba podalo \u017ealobu.\n\nCBE Software se vzniklou situaci rozhodlo \u0159e\u0161it pomoc\u00ed Steam Greenlight a tak\u00e9 vytvo\u0159en\u00edm hry Vampires!, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla vy\u0159e\u0161it finan\u010dn\u00ed probl\u00e9my firmy.\n\nReference\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nky hry\n Karta hry na games.tiscali.cz/\n J.U.L.I.A. na \u010cesk\u00e9 datab\u00e1zi her\n\n\u010cesk\u00e9 adventury\n\u010cesk\u00e9 logick\u00e9 videohry\nNez\u00e1visl\u00e9 videohry\n\u010cesk\u00e9 videohry z roku 2012\n\u010cesk\u00e9 sci-fi videohry\n\u010cesk\u00e9 hry pro Windows\nVideohry od CBE Software", "meta": {"title": "J.U.L.I.A.", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.U.L.I.A.", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "George (Disco Tango) est une chanson, initialement publi\u00e9 par la chanteuse allemande Pat Simon en anglais en 1977, apr\u00e8s une pause de cinq ans dans sa carri\u00e8re.\n\nCette m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, la chanson a \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9e en fran\u00e7ais (sous le titre Georges) par Sylvie Vartan, qui l'a sortie sur son album Georges et en single.\n\nComposition \nLa chanson originale a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crite par Thomas Strasser, Pat Simon et Colin Hall. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 adapt\u00e9e en fran\u00e7ais par Pierre Billon et Michel Mallory.\n\nLa version de Sylvie Vartan a \u00e9t\u00e9 produite par Jacques Revaux.\n\nPerformance commerciale \nSelon la section \u00ab\u00a0Hits of the World\u00a0\u00bb du magazine am\u00e9ricain Billboard, la chanson a atteint au moins le top 10 en France.\n\nListe des pistes\n\nVersion de Pat Simon \nSingle 7\" George (Disco Tango) Part I + II (1977, Germany, UK, Italy, France, Netherlands, etc.)\n A. George (Disco Tango) Part I (3:18)\n B. George (Disco Tango) Part II (3:08)\n\nVersion de Sylvie Vartan \nSingle 7\" PB 8140 (France, Belgium, Portugal, etc.)\nA. Georges (Georges Disco Tango) (3:25)\n \u00e9crit par C. Hall, P. Simon, T. Strasser / Michel Mallory, Pierre Billon (adaptation)\nB. Arrete de rire (Sail On) (4:00)\n \u00e9crit par J.M. Rivat, H. Warren\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n Sylvie Vartan \u2014 Georges (single) sur Discogs\n Pat Simon \u2014 George (Disco Tango) Part I + II sur Discogs\n\nChanson de 1977\nSingle musical sorti en 1977\nChanson interpr\u00e9t\u00e9e par Sylvie Vartan\nSingle publi\u00e9 par RCA Victor\nChanson \u00e9crite par Michel Mallory", "meta": {"title": "Georges (chanson)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges%20%28chanson%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Fat of the Land is the third studio album by English electronic music group the Prodigy, released on 30 June 1997 through XL Recordings. The album received critical acclaim and topped the UK Albums Chart and the US Billboard 200. It has sold over 10 million copies worldwide as of 2019.\n\nBackground, artwork and album title\nWhile Liam Howlett is generally responsible for the compositions and Maxim Reality is featured on two tracks, this is the first record to include contributions by Keith Flint, who provides vocals on four of the songs and co-wrote three songs, including the two biggest hits, both of which reached number one on the UK Singles Chart. He is also the vocalist on a cover of the L7 song \"Fuel My Fire\" (from the 1994 album Hungry for Stink). The Fat of the Land album cover featured an image of a blackback crab and a new logo, dropping \"The\" and adding an ant silhouette. The album title comes from the old English phrase 'living off the fat of the land', which means living well or being wealthy.\n\nRelease \nReleased in the first week of July, the album hit number one on the Billboard chart on 19 July 1997. Certified double platinum on 2 December that year, it sold 2,600,000 copies in the United States.\n\nIn 1999, The Fat of the Land entered the Guinness World Records as the fastest-selling UK album. The album was also nominated for Best Alternative Music Album at the 40th Annual Grammy Awards, but lost to Radiohead's OK Computer.\n\nControversy\nThe National Organization for Women objected to the seeming misogyny of \"Smack My Bitch Up\", though the band maintains that its true interpretation is \"doing anything intensely\". Liam Howlett observed, \"That record was for the fans. Only brainless people get some stupid message out of it\u2026 I'm often misquoted. Some magazine said, 'Liam Howlett says his band are dangerous.' What I said was, 'For this band to survive, it has to be dangerous for us'\u2026 I wasn't saying we were dangerous because we're firestarters and we have spiky hair.\"\n\nLegacy \n\nThe album has been featured in a number of music publication lists:\n\n In 1998, Q magazine readers voted The Fat of the Land the ninth greatest album of all time. In 2000, Q placed it at number 47 in its list of the 100 greatest British albums ever. It has also been ranked number 43 in Q's \"Best 50 Albums of Q's Lifetime\" list, and was included in their \"90 Best Albums of the 1990s\" and \"50 Best Albums of 1997\" lists.\nRolling Stone included it in their \"Essential Recordings of the 90s\" list.\n Spin ranked it number 20 on their list of the \"Top 20 Albums of the Year [1997]\" list.\n Melody Maker ranked it number 13 on their list of \"Albums of the Year\" for 1997 and number 29 in their 1997 Pazz & Jop Critics' Poll.\n NME ranked it number 17 in their 1997 Critics' Poll.\n In 2000 it was voted number 269 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.\n Heavy metal-focused magazine Metal Hammer included it in their 2020 list of the top 10 1997 albums, citing it as \"the point at which rave culture collided with metal culture\".\n\nThe album is included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die, and was nominated for the 1997 Mercury Music Prize.\n\nFollowing Flint's death on 4 March 2019, fans used the hashtag 'Firestarter4Number1' on various social media platforms to replicate the song's success by getting it to the number one spot again; which was done out of respect for Keith Flint and to raise awareness of suicide among men. Shortly afterwards, \"Firestarter\" returned to the Billboard charts, entering number 13 on its Dance/Electronic Digital Song Sales chart in its 26 March 2019 issue, marking the first time that this song has appeared on a dance chart of any kind.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel \n\nThe Prodigy\n Keith Flint \u2013 vocals (\"Breathe\", \"Serial Thrilla\", \"Firestarter\", \"Fuel My Fire\")\n Liam Howlett \u2013 keyboards, synthesizers, sampling, programming\n Maxim Reality \u2013 vocals (\"Breathe\", \"Mindfields\")\n Leeroy Thornhill \u2013 dancing (no musical contributions, appears in liner note photos and music videos only)\n\nAdditional musicians\n Shahin Badar \u2013 vocals (\"Smack My Bitch Up\")\n Kool Keith \u2013 vocals (\"Diesel Power\")\n Crispian Mills \u2013 vocals (\"Narayan\")\n Saffron \u2013 vocals (\"Fuel My Fire\")\n Gizz Butt \u2013 guitars (\"Fuel My Fire\")\n Jim Davies \u2013 guitars (\"Breathe\", \"Firestarter\")\n Matt Cameron \u2013 drums (\"Narayan\")\n Tom Morello \u2013 guitars (\"No Man Army\")\n\nOther personnel\n Liam Howlett \u2013 production, engineering, mixing, art direction\n Neil McLellan \u2013 engineering\n Christian Ammann \u2013 photography\n JAKe \u2013 illustrations\n Alex Jenkins \u2013 art direction, design, photography\n Pat Pope \u2013 photography\n Alex Scaglia \u2013 photography\n Lou Smith \u2013 photography\n Terry Whittaker \u2013 photography\n Konrad Wothe \u2013 photography\n Mike Champion \u2013 management\n\nCover versions \n\n In 2004, Kiss co-founder Gene Simmons covered \"Firestarter\" on his second solo album, Asshole. \"Firestarter\" was also covered by Sepultura on their album Kairos, and by Jimmy Eat World on their EP Firestarter.\n In 2007, Kula Shaker, led by Crispian Mills, incorporated elements from \"Climbatize\" and \"Narayan\" (the lyrics of which were written by Mills) in the song \"Song of Love / Narayana\" from the album Strangefolk.\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nSingles\n\nCertifications\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\n1997 albums\nMaverick Records albums\nThe Prodigy albums\nXL Recordings albums\nWarner Records albums\nAlbums produced by Liam Howlett", "meta": {"title": "The Fat of the Land", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Fat%20of%20the%20Land", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Miller Chapel is the spiritual center of the Princeton Theological Seminary, located in New Jersey, United States, and has been in continuous use since its completion in 1834.  It was built by renowned local architect and builder Charles Steadman in stuccoed brick with a simple Doric portico. As the chapel of the oldest Presbyterian Seminary in the United States, the building has been home to many of the most important Presbyterian theologians, including the great figures of the Princeton Theology.  The narthex has plaques that honor Samuel Miller, after whom the chapel is named, Charles Hodge, Archibald Alexander Hodge, Caspar Wistar Hodge, Sr., and B. B. Warfield.\n\nHistory\n\nThe chapel originally faced Mercer Street to the east and slightly behind Alexander Hall.  It was designed in the Reformed tradition with one worship space, unifying the choir, congregants, and clergy, and with a central pulpit, emphasizing the proclamation of the Word of God. Originally a twin building was planned so as to flank Alexander Hall with Greek Revival buildings in the same way Nassau Hall was flanked by the original Whig and Clio Halls.\n\nAn 1874 renovation added Victorian stained glass windows and an organ, moving away from the traditional Reformed aversion to instruments in worship.  In 1933 a more substantial renovation by Delano & Aldrich moved the chapel so as to face the interior of the campus, serving as the cornerstone of two squares, bounded by Alexander and Hodge Halls to the north and Stuart and Brown Halls in the south.  The renovation also enlarged the building and removed the Victorian windows so as to restore a more simple appearance, consistent with the Seminary's Reformed heritage.  Later renovations took place in  1964 and 2000.  The chapel is home to the Joe R. Engle Organ, given to the Seminary in 2000.  In addition to daily services the chapel hosts a variety of concerts during the course of the year.  Weddings in the chapel are limited to those where either the bride, groom, or parent of either, is a student, graduate, trustee, or employee of the seminary.\n\nOn January 25, 2022, the Board of Trustees of Princeton Seminary voted to rename Miller Chapel in light of Samuel Miller's direct ties to slavery. \"This decision followed thoughtful deliberation by the Board of Trustees, and it is part of their commitment to the ongoing work of confession and repentance that was part of the historical audit on slavery.\" The new name is Seminary Chapel.\n\nGallery\n\nSee also\n Nassau Presbyterian Church, a nearby church, also designed by Charles Steadman, in a similar style\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nPrinceton Theological Seminary Miller Chapel\n\nPrinceton Theological Seminary\nCharles Steadman Buildings\nReligious buildings and structures completed in 1834\nChurches in Princeton, New Jersey\nHistoric district contributing properties in New Jersey\nNational Register of Historic Places in Mercer County, New Jersey\nChurches on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey", "meta": {"title": "Miller Chapel", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller%20Chapel", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Machaon est un personnage de la mythologie grecque.\n Le Machaon (Papilio machaon) est une esp\u00e8ce de l\u00e9pidopt\u00e8res (papillons) diurnes.\n Machaon est un personnage de la s\u00e9rie The Legend of Zelda.", "meta": {"title": "Machaon", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machaon", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kalanchoe laetivirens (Kalanchoe \u00d7 laetivirens) \u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0445\u043e\u0435 (\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b Bryophyllum). \u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0445\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 K. daigremontiana \u0438 K. laxiflora (\u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c Bryophyllum crenatum) \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u044a\u0432 \u0445\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e Kalanchoe crenodaigremontiana, Kalanchoe crenato-daigremontiana, Bryophyllum crenodaigremontillumlum \u0438 Bryotophumum \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 K. laetivirens.\n\n\u0427\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438, K. daigremontiana, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0433\u044a\u0440\u0431\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 K. laetivirens \u0441\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0435\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 laetivirens, \u043a\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u201e\u0431\u0443\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u201c.\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \n\n\u0426\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044f\n\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0445\u043e\u0435", "meta": {"title": "Kalanchoe laetivirens", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalanchoe%20laetivirens", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Francisco Gonz\u00e1lez Gonz\u00e1lez, (Villaseca de Laciana, Le\u00f3n, 1922-Zaragoza, 25 de mayo de 2009) fue un prol\u00edfico historiador y poeta.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nEn 1929 se traslada con sus padres a Ponferrada, El Bierzo, donde termina el bachillerato en 1940. Cursa magisterio en Le\u00f3n. \n\nEn 1949 viaja a la Argentina, de donde regresa en 1954. Licenciado en Filolog\u00eda Inglesa por la universidad de Madrid en 1968, y doctor en Historia por la de Zaragoza en 1991. High Proficiency en Ingl\u00e9s por las universidades de Cambridge y M\u00edchigan (Estados Unidos). Agregado, catedr\u00e1tico y director de Instituto en Teruel, y profesor de su Colegio Universitario. Se traslada a Zaragoza en 1977. Viaja por treinta pa\u00edses. Cultiva los idiomas, el Arte, la Poes\u00eda y la Historia.\n\nEn 1954, bajo el seud\u00f3nimo de \u00abGondemar\u00bb, colabora en Promesa, El Pensamiento Astorgano y El Bierzo, con 53 Cuentos morales y ensayos, 23 art\u00edculos de la serie Desde un rinc\u00f3n de Am\u00e9rica y otros 20 de la serie Por esos mundos de Dios, colabora en prensa y radio, y con 18 poemas en Rinc\u00f3n Po\u00e9tico. Escribi\u00f3 m\u00e1s de 100 art\u00edculos hist\u00f3ricos sobre El Bierzo en Aquiana, La Hora Leonesa, Diario de Le\u00f3n, La Luz de Astorga, Lucha de Teruel, y en revistas como Tierras de Le\u00f3n, la revista del Instituto de Estudios Bercianos, de \"Filolog\u00eda Moderna\" de la Universidad de Madrid, etc. Dibuja y pinta (Dirige la secci\u00f3n de Bellas Artes del Instituto de estudios bercianos), y expone sus obras en diez ocasiones.\n\nHijo Predilecto de Toreno en 1985, recibe el premio Picota de Plata en 2001 en reconocimiento a su trabajo y trayectoria en su localidad de origen, Toreno.\n\nOrigen \n\nEntre los libros publicados se encuentran:\n Hardy-Yeats y Hopkins-D. Thomas, dos binomios paralelos y divergentes (1974).\n Privilegios de Ponferrada (1976).\n Caballeros bercianos de las \u00d3rdenes militares y de Carlos III (1984), ISBN 84-500-9972-2.\n El Habla de Toreno (1983), ISBN 84-500-8626-4.\n Hidalgos Bercianos (1983), ISBN 84-86237-00-9.\n Las Autonom\u00edas. El Bierzo en la encrucijada (1983), ISBN 84-398-0597-7.\n La duquesa de Alba \"roba\" las reliquias de San Genadio (1984), ISBN 84-500-9969-2.\n Curiosidades ponferradinas entre 1581 y 1584 (1984), ISBN 84-500-9968-4.\n Lorenz\u00f3n, el guerrillero de Toreno (1984), ISBN 84-500-9971-4.\n Dom\u00e9nico Laffi, peregrino, observador e inquisitivo (1984), ISBN 84-500-9970-6\n Bodas bercianas en el siglo XVI (1985), , Vol. 25, N\u00ba 60, 1985, pags. 121-131.\n Georgiana Goddard King, historiadora curiosa (1985), ISBN 84-500-9967-6\n Retirada de Moore y batalla anglofrancesa de Cacabelos (1987), ISBN 84-505-6803-X.\n Iglesia de la Encina (1989).\n 1809, asalto y conquista de Villafranca (1990), , N\u00ba. 12, 1990, pags. 43-52.\n George Borrow, su Biblia y nuestro Bierzo (1993), , N\u00ba. 17, 1993, pags. 51-60.\n Monasterio de Carracedo (1993).\n  Soldados, armas y dinero bercianos contra Francia, en 1635 (1994), , N\u00ba. 19, 1994, pags. 67-70.\n \u00cdndice del Archivo Hist\u00f3rico Municipal de Ponferrada (1995), , N\u00ba. 22, 1996, pags. 135-150.\n C\u00e1rceles ponferradinas: presos y picotas, edificios anejos, alcaldes y corregidores (1997), ISBN 84-88745-10-9\n 9 cuadernos de la colecci\u00f3n Nuestra Historia (1984-1985). \n 4 de la de Temas Torenienses (1985).\n Oza del rizo y rezo (2009, poes\u00eda), ISBN 987-84-88635-85-0\n El beato botillo, un paseo por la historia (2010).\n Toreno de mi sangre (2010, poes\u00eda).\n Poemas circunstanciales (2010, poes\u00eda).\n El habla de Toreno, 2\u00aa edici\u00f3n, revisada y ampliada (2013), ISBN 978-84-616-3550-4.\n Los Moros en el Bierzo (2014),  ISBN 978-84-616-7190-8.\n Seis historias y una leyenda (Sobre el Bierzo y sus cosas) (2015),  ISBN 978-84-606-6379-9.\n\nCasado con Mar\u00eda Victoria Merino Octavio, Catedr\u00e1tica de Geograf\u00eda e Historia, se entreg\u00f3 febrilmente a sus aficiones favoritas: el Arte, la Poes\u00eda y la Historia del Bierzo hasta sus \u00faltimas horas.\n\nReferencias \n\nPoetas de la provincia de Le\u00f3n\nEscritores de la provincia de Le\u00f3n\nHistoriadores de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XX\nEscritores de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XX\nHistoriadores de la provincia de Le\u00f3n\nEscritores en espa\u00f1ol del siglo XX\nEscritores en espa\u00f1ol del siglo XXI\nNacidos en Villablino\nFallecidos en Zaragoza", "meta": {"title": "Francisco Gonz\u00e1lez Gonz\u00e1lez", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Gonz%C3%A1lez", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0410\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043a\u044a\u043b\u0431\u043e, \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445. \u041e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d, \u0447\u0435 \u0435 \u0442\u044f\u0445\u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430, \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e 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\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430. \u0424\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u044a\u0442 \u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044a\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043b\u044a\u0442\u0435\u043d, \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 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\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u045d \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0430: \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0430\u00a0\u2013 8\u00a0\u2013 10 km, \u0432 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u2013 \u0434\u043e 10\u00a0\u2013 12 km, \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0435\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u2013 16\u00a0\u2013 18 km. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0438\u0433\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u045d \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430. \u0421 \u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441 6\u00a0\u00b0C \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044a\u0440, \u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0441 120 mbar/km. \u0417\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043e 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\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f: \u043d\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u2013 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 0 \u0434\u043e 1\u00a0\u2013 1,5 km; \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u2013 \u043e\u0442 1\u00a0\u2013 1,5 km \u0434\u043e 6\u00a0\u2013 7 km \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u2013 \u043e\u0442 6\u00a0\u2013 7 km \u0434\u043e \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 80 % \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0434 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\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e-\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0435 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u044a\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438.\n\n\u0414\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 800 km \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u044a\u0442 \u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044a\u0442. \u041d\u0430\u0434 400 km \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435\u00a0\u2013 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0434 800 km \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434.\n\n\u0427\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0447\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 200 km \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u044a\u0442, \u043e\u0431\u0433\u0440\u044a\u0449\u0430\u0449 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430. \u0421 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u044a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u044a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430. \u041e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e 5 km \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e 30 km \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 99 %. \u041d\u0430\u0434 35 km \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435 \u043e\u0442 1 %. \u0412\u044a\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u044a\u043d\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043b\u044a\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0422\u043e\u0437\u0438 1 % \u0432\u0441\u044a\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u044a\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u044a\u043d\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u044a\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438 \u0433\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e-\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430.\n\n\u041e\u0442 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e-\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438, \u0432\u044a\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434, \u043e\u0437\u043e\u043d\u044a\u0442, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u0438 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438.\n\n \u0412\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438: \u041e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 13 000 km3 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0439-\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00a0\u2013 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 95 % \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430. \u0422\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0430. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 (\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 2\u00a0\u2013 3 km). \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u2013 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u044a\u0449\u0430\u0442 \u043b\u044a\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f (\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f 5,5\u00a0\u2013 7 \u03bcm \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 18 \u03bcm).\n\n \u0412\u044a\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 (CO2): \u0418\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e-\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u00a0\u2013 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 0,032 %. \u041f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u044a\u0449\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 (\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0430) \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u00a0\u2013 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d (\u0432\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u0434\u0438\u0448\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u0433\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0435, \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430), \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d (\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442).\n\n \u041e\u0437\u043e\u043d (\u041e3): \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 UV \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434, \u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u044a\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442. \u0418\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 20 \u0438 50 km, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 25 km. \u041e\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0449\u0438\u0442, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u044a\u0449\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 UV \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0421\u043b\u044a\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0442\u043e (0,2\u00a0\u2013 0,29 nm). \u041e\u0437\u043e\u043d\u044a\u0442 \u0435 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432 \u0433\u0430\u0437 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e. \u0422\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00a0\u2013 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u041d2, \u0421\u041e, \u0421\u041d4 \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0438\u0437\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0440\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0438.\n\n \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 (SO2): \u041e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434. \u0422\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438 (\u0442. \u043d\u0430\u0440. \u043a\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u044a\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435).\n\n \u0410\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438: \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0434\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041e\u0431\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0435 \u0432 \u0445\u0430\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u0440\u044a\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430. \u041a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u00a0\u2013 \u0442\u0435 \u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u044a\u0440\u0441\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 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\u0412\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u044a\u0442 \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0445\u044a\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u2013 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u044a\u043b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u044a\u043b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442. \u0412\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u044a\u0442 \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u044a\u0434\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0435 \u043f\u043e-\u043d\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e.\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \u0412\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0411. \u201e\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u201c, \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, 1991 \u0433.\n\n\u0412\u044a\u043d\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n  \u0410\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u041d\u0410\u0421\u0410\n\n\u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\n\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0436 \u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0430", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mitra Jashni (; born 16 December 1976) is an Iranian visual artist and political activist, of Kurdish ethnicity. She works in the mediums of painting, drawing, and sculpture; as well as works as an art teacher, poet, and singer of Iranian contemporary music. She is one of the founders and executive director of Farashgard, an Iranian political party and activist group based in Washington, D.C..\n\nBiography\nJashni was born in Iran on 16 December 1976 in Mashhad, Pahlavi Iran. In 2008, she received a MA degree in painting from Tehran's Soore University.\n\n, she had worked as an artist for more than ten years in Iran, Canada, South America, and Europe.\n\nReferences\n\n1976 births\nLiving people\nIranian women painters\nIranian Kurdish women\n21st-century women artists", "meta": {"title": "Mitra Jashni", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitra%20Jashni", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Puy-Sainte-R\u00e9parade \u2013 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 i gmina we Francji, w regionie Prowansja-Alpy-Lazurowe Wybrze\u017ce, w departamencie Delta Rodanu.\n\nWed\u0142ug danych na rok 1990 gmin\u0119 zamieszkiwa\u0142y 4414 osoby, a g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 zaludnienia wynosi\u0142a 95\u00a0os\u00f3b/km\u00b2 (w\u015br\u00f3d 963 gmin regionu Prowansja-Alpy-W.\u00a0Lazurowe Le Puy-Sainte-R\u00e9parade plasuje si\u0119 na 145. miejscu pod wzgl\u0119dem liczby ludno\u015bci, natomiast pod wzgl\u0119dem powierzchni na miejscu 159.).\n\nBibliografia \n \n\nPuy-Sainte-R\u00e9parade", "meta": {"title": "Le Puy-Sainte-R\u00e9parade", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Puy-Sainte-R%C3%A9parade", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El r\u00edo Altm\u00fchl es un r\u00edo de Alemania que discurre por el estado de Baviera. Se trata de un afluente del r\u00edo Danubio de unos 230 km de longitud.\n\nLa fuente del Altm\u00fchl est\u00e1 situada cerca de la ciudad de Ansbach. Desde aqu\u00ed, el r\u00edo corre hacia el sudeste, como un arroyo estrecho para entrar en el Altm\u00fchlsee (un lago) al norte de Gunzenhausen. Despu\u00e9s de salir de Gunzenhausen, el r\u00edo describe una amplia curva a trav\u00e9s del Jura Franc\u00f3n. Entra en el parque natural Valle Altm\u00fchl, famoso por su belleza natural: los meandros del r\u00edo Altm\u00fchl han cortado profundas gargantas en las monta\u00f1as del Jura Franc\u00f3n.\n\nEl Altm\u00fchl pasa las ciudades de Treuchtlingen (13 124 hab. en 2006), Eichst\u00e4tt (13 721 hab.) y Beilngries (8 680 hab.). Despu\u00e9s de Dietfurt, el curso del r\u00edo se endereza y se integra en un canal que conecta el Main y el Danubio (el canal Rin-Main-Danubio). A pesar de las protestas de los conservacionistas, este canal fue inaugurado en 1992 y ha destruido gran parte de la belleza de la parte oriental del valle Altm\u00fchl.\n\nEl Altm\u00fchl finalmente desagua en el r\u00edo Danubio en Kelheim (15 656 hab.).\n\nEnlaces externos \n\nAltm\u00fchl", "meta": {"title": "R\u00edo Altm\u00fchl", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo%20Altm%C3%BChl", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 24 Hours of Portim\u00e3o is both a sports car and touring car automobile endurance race held annually at the Algarve International Circuit. It was inaugurated in 2017. The race is currently part of 24H GT Series and Touring Car Endurance Series.\n\nEntrants and participants\nAs with all races in the 24H Series, promoted by Dutch promoter Creventic, they are open to both professional and semi-professional teams. \nThe races are contested with GT3-spec cars, GT4-spec cars, sports cars, touring cars and 24H-Specials, like silhouette cars.\n\nHistory\nThe first race took part in 2017 as part of 2017 24H Series, the 3rd season with FIA status. \nSince 2018 the race became also part of Touring Car Endurance Series, and in that same year was part of 2018 24H Proto Series.\nThe 2021 race was cancelled due to Covid-19.\n\nRace winners\n\nManufacturer title wins\n\nSee also\n 24H Series\n Touring Car Endurance Series\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n24H Series\nAuto races in Portugal\nSports car races\nTouring car races\nEndurance motor racing\nRecurring sporting events established in 2017", "meta": {"title": "24 Hours of Portim\u00e3o", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24%20Hours%20of%20Portim%C3%A3o", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jorge Horacio Zorreguieta Stefanini (* 28. Januar 1928 in Buenos Aires; \u2020 8. August 2017 ebenda) war ein argentinischer Politiker und der Vater der niederl\u00e4ndischen K\u00f6nigin M\u00e1xima.\n\nLeben\n\nHerkunft \nEr wurde als Sohn des Bankiers Juan Antonio Zorreguieta Bonorino (1899\u20131959) und der Cesina Stefanini Borella (1901\u20131999), Tochter eines geb\u00fcrtigen Genuesen, geboren. Sein Gro\u00dfvater war Amadeo Zorreguieta Hernandez, Oberb\u00fcrgermeister von Mendoza und Minister f\u00fcr \u00f6ffentliche Arbeiten der Provinz Mendoza, der mit M\u00e1xima Blanca Bonorino Gonzalez (1874\u20131965) verheiratet war, Tochter von M\u00e1xima Gonz\u00e1lez y de Islas, einer Verwandten des argentinischen Pr\u00e4sidenten Justo Jos\u00e9 de Urquiza (\u2020\u00a01870).\n\nJorge Zorreguietas Urgro\u00dfvater war Mariano Zorreguieta Maurin (1830\u20131893), Senatspr\u00e4sident der argentinischen Provinz Salta, ein unehelicher Enkel des wohlhabenden Kaufmanns Jos\u00e9 Antonio de Sorreguieta y Oyarzabal, Gamboa y Sagastume, der 1777 im nordspanischen (baskischen) Tolosa als Sohn des Juan Antonio de Sorreguieta y Gamboa geboren wurde und 1790 nach Salta in Argentinien kam.\n\nJorge Zorreguieta wurde wegen eines Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoms in Verbindung mit einer Lungenentz\u00fcndung in ein Krankenhaus eingeliefert und verstarb am 8.\u00a0August 2017 an den Folgen des Lymphdr\u00fcsenkrebses.\n\nEhen und Kinder \nJorge Zorreguieta war zweimal verheiratet und hatte aus diesen beiden Ehen sieben Kinder. Die 1956 geschlossene Ehe mit Martha L\u00f3pez Gil (*\u00a01935) wurde geschieden. Seine bekannteste Tochter, aus der seit 27.\u00a0Mai 1970 bestehenden Ehe mit Mar\u00eda del Carmen Cerruti Carricart (*\u00a01944), ist die mit dem K\u00f6nig Willem-Alexander der Niederlande verheiratete M\u00e1xima (*\u00a01971). Zorreguieta durfte wegen seiner mit der argentinischen Milit\u00e4rdiktatur verkn\u00fcpften Vergangenheit 2002 nicht an der Hochzeit seiner Tochter teilnehmen.\n\nAuch der Inthronisierung seines Schwiegersohnes am 30. April 2013 musste er fernbleiben.\n\nBeruf \nJorge Zorreguieta war von 1976 bis 1979 Staatssekret\u00e4r und dann bis 1981 Minister f\u00fcr Landwirtschaft in der Diktatur von Jorge Rafael Videla.\n\nSeit 1984 war er Pr\u00e4sident des Centro Azucarero Argentino und seit 1995 Pr\u00e4sident eines Interessenverbandes von in Argentinien lebenden Basken, der \u201eFundaci\u00f3n Vasco Argentina Juan de Garay\u201c.\n\nAnklagen \n2001 lehnte die niederl\u00e4ndische Staatsanwaltschaft eine Anzeige gegen Zorreguieta wegen seiner Rolle in der Diktatur ab. Grund war mangelnde Zust\u00e4ndigkeit.\n\nAm 7. September 2011 best\u00e4tigte die niederl\u00e4ndische Staatsanwaltschaft, dass gegen Zorreguieta Klage im Zusammenhang mit dem Verschwinden des Arztes Samuel Leonardo Slutzky eingereicht wurde. M\u00f6glich wurde dies durch eine \u00c4nderung verschiedener Gesetze seit 2001.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nLandwirtschaftsminister (Argentinien)\nArgentinier\nGeboren 1928\nGestorben 2017\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Jorge Zorreguieta", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Zorreguieta", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Chelun \u00e8 un comune francese di 337 abitanti situato nel dipartimento dell'Ille-et-Vilaine nella regione della Bretagna.\n\nSociet\u00e0\n\nEvoluzione demografica\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nComuni dell'Ille-et-Vilaine", "meta": {"title": "Chelun", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelun", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Schablonen der Gewalt (Originaltitel: Patterns of Force) ist eine 1968 erstmals ausgestrahlte Episode aus der zweiten Staffel der US-amerikanischen Science-Fiction-Fernsehserie Raumschiff Enterprise. In der Handlung infiltrieren Kirk und Spock auf der Suche nach einem vermissten Historiker einen au\u00dferirdischen Planeten, auf dem ein Regime nach Vorbild Nazideutschlands aufgebaut worden ist. Wegen der heiklen Thematik und scheinbar positiven Aussagen \u00fcber das Dritte Reich wurde die Episode bei der deutschen Synchronisation und Erstausstrahlung zun\u00e4chst \u00fcbergangen. Sie hatte ihre deutschsprachige Erstausstrahlung erst \u00fcber 30 Jahre nach der US-Erstausstrahlung.\n\nHandlung \nDie Enterprise-Crew will beim Planeten Ekos das Verschwinden des zur F\u00f6deration geh\u00f6renden Historikers und Kulturbeobachters Professor John Gill untersuchen. Ekos ist der F\u00f6deration bislang als Planet mit eher primitiven, kriegs\u00e4hnlichen Zust\u00e4nden bekannt, der benachbarte Planet Zeon als vergleichsweise friedlicherer, fortschrittlicherer Planet.\n\nKirk und Spock beamen, als Einheimische verkleidet und mit unter die Haut transplantierten Transpondern zum Beamen ausgestattet, auf Ekos hinunter, um Gill zu suchen. Zu beider \u00dcberraschung herrschen auf Ekos Zust\u00e4nde wie im Dritten Reich, die Ekosianer sind Nationalsozialisten. Jedoch ist hier John Gill der \u201eF\u00fchrer\u201c und das Ziel der Bewegung ist es, Zeon und die Zeonisten zu vernichten, da diese eine minderwertige Rasse seien. Um sich Gill zu n\u00e4hern, geben sich Kirk und Spock uniformiert als Nazi-Offiziere aus. Da Spock wegen seiner spitzen Ohren aber rasch auff\u00e4llt, werden beide von der SS als Zeonisten verd\u00e4chtigt und gefoltert und auf Anweisung des Parteivorsitzenden Eneg verhaftet.\n\nUnter Verwendung ihrer Transponder brechen Kirk und Spock aus dem Gef\u00e4ngnis aus. Dabei nehmen sie den mitgefangenen Zeonisten Isak mit und geben sich erneut als Nazi-Offiziere aus. Isak f\u00fchrt sie zu seiner Widerstandsgruppe, die im Untergrund agiert und die beiden Fremden zun\u00e4chst einer Pr\u00fcfung unterzieht, ob sie auf ihrer Seite seien. Zur Widerstandsgruppe geh\u00f6rt auch die Ekosianerin und NS-Parteifunktion\u00e4rin Daras.\n\nMit der Hilfe von Daras und der Widerstandsgruppe begeben sich Kirk und Spock, die sich als SS-Offiziere und Fotografen ausgeben, in die Reichskanzlei, wo an dem Tag eine Versammlung anl\u00e4sslich einer Rede des F\u00fchrers zur \u201eEndl\u00f6sung\u201c stattfindet. Mittlerweile hat Spock es m\u00f6glich gemacht, mit der Enterprise Funksprechkontakt aufzunehmen. Daher k\u00f6nnen sie McCoy herunterbeamen lassen, der sich als Major ausgibt und Gill untersuchen soll.\n\nBeim Halten seiner Rede ist Gill nur auf einem Bildschirm zu sehen, wobei sein Mund von einem Gegenstand verdeckt ist. W\u00e4hrend die Rede endet und Gills Anh\u00e4nger dem F\u00fchrer huldigen, gelangen Kirk, Spock, McCoy, Daras und Isak in den Raum, in dem Gill gefesselt, bewusstlos und offensichtlich unter Drogen stehend sitzt. Offenbar wurde Gill nur als Galionsfigur benutzt. Ehe er erneut bewusstlos wird, stellt Kirk ihm die Frage, weshalb er sich in die Entwicklung des Planeten eingemischt habe. Gill meint, dass der Planet tief gespalten war und er ihn retten wollte. Auf Kirks Nachfrage, weshalb er dann ausgerechnet Nazi-Deutschland als Vorbild nahm, meint Gill, dass es der effektivste Staat der Weltgeschichte gewesen sei. Kirk zeigt sich erstaunt, schlie\u00dflich handelte es sich um ein menschenverachtendes System. Spock hingegen kann den Gedanken dahinter verstehen und erinnert daran, dass ein kleines, besiegtes und bankrottes Land wie Deutschland es in kurzer Zeit schaffte, wieder aufzusteigen und es dabei fast zur Weltherrschaft gebracht h\u00e4tte. Er vermutet daher, dass Gill wohl der Meinung war, man k\u00f6nne ein solches System nachbauen, es aber g\u00fctig leiten. Gills Stellvertreter Melakon \u00fcbernahm dann jedoch die Macht und setzte ihn unter Drogen.\n\nIndes beginnen die Ekosianer mit Raumschiffen mit der Umsetzung der Endl\u00f6sung und binnen einer Stunde sollen alle Zeonisten vernichtet sein. Um Zeit zu gewinnen, lassen die Widerst\u00e4ndler Spock als ungew\u00f6hnlichen Zeonisten verhaften. Kirk gelingt es w\u00e4hrenddessen, Gill zu einer Fernsehansprache zu bewegen, in der Gill Melakon als Verr\u00e4ter entlarvt und das Stoppen des Angriffs auf Zeon befiehlt. Melakon erschie\u00dft daraufhin Gill, ehe er selbst erschossen wird. Im Sterben gesteht Gill gegen\u00fcber Kirk ein, dass er die Oberste Direktive, d.\u00a0h. das Gebot der Nichteinmischung in fremde Kulturen, h\u00e4tte beachten sollen.\n\nSchlie\u00dflich beamen Kirk, Spock und McCoy zur\u00fcck auf die Enterprise.\n\nDeutschsprachige Ver\u00f6ffentlichung \nVon 1972 bis 1974 hatte das ZDF einen Teil der Episoden von Raumschiff Enterprise erstmals deutsch synchronisiert ausgestrahlt, 1987/88 sendete Sat.1 die restlichen Episoden erstmals auf Deutsch. Beide Sender lie\u00dfen jedoch die Episode Schablonen der Gewalt aus und gaben keine deutsche Synchronfassung in Auftrag. Patterns of Force wurde erst 1995 f\u00fcr die Videover\u00f6ffentlichung ins Deutsche \u00fcbersetzt und erschien 1996 erstmals als deutsch synchronisierte Fassung auf VHS bei Paramount. Die Originalfassung mit deutschen Untertiteln wurde am 19. November 1996 im Rahmen der sp\u00e4tabendlichen Sendereihe kunst-st\u00fccke im ORF 2 erstmals im deutschen Sprachraum ausgestrahlt. Am 25. Juli 1999 hatte sie ihre deutschsprachige Erstausstrahlung auf dem Pay-TV-Sender DF1. Die deutschsprachige Free-TV-Premiere war am 4. November 2011 im ZDFneo. Zudem wurde die Synchronfassung zu einem Teil der deutschen DVD- und Blu-ray-Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen von Raumschiff Enterprise. Sowohl f\u00fcr die ZDFneo-Ausstrahlung als auch f\u00fcr die Heimvideos erhielt sie die Altersfreigabe FSK ab 16 Jahren.\n\nKritik \nDie Thematisierung des Nationalsozialismus in der Episode wurde als vereinfachend und verharmlosend kritisiert. Der Journalist Joachim Huber meinte 2011 im Tagesspiegel: \u201eVon auch nur ann\u00e4hernd kritischer Aufarbeitung ist diese unbedarfte Darstellung Lichtjahre entfernt.\u201c Die Autoren Mike Hillenbrand und Thomas H\u00f6hl kritisierten in ihrem Buch Star Trek in Deutschland (2008), dass die Folge suggeriere, Gills Plan von einem nationalsozialistischen Staat h\u00e4tte funktioniert, wenn Melakon die Macht nicht an sich gerissen h\u00e4tte.\n\nLiteratur \n Mike Hillenbrand, Thomas H\u00f6hl: Star Trek in Deutschland. Heel Verlag, K\u00f6nigswinter 2008, ISBN 978-3-86852-006-4, S. 184\u2013191\n Joachim Huber: Mr. Spock: \u201eSie geben einen \u00fcberzeugenden Nazi ab\u201c, in: Der Tagesspiegel vom 3. Nov. 2011\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n Schablonen der Gewalt bei Fernsehserien.de\n Patterns of Force Transkript auf chakoteya.net (englisch)\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nStar-Trek-Episode\nAu\u00dferirdische im Film", "meta": {"title": "Schablonen der Gewalt", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schablonen%20der%20Gewalt", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Amblysaphes is een kevergeslacht uit de familie van de boktorren (Cerambycidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van het geslacht werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1885 door Bates.\n\nSoorten\nAmblysaphes is monotypisch en omvat slechts de volgende soort:\n Amblysaphes striatus Bates, 1885\n\nBoktorren", "meta": {"title": "Amblysaphes", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblysaphes", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Liste der Stolpersteine im K\u00f6lner Stadtteil Humboldt/Gremberg f\u00fchrt die vom K\u00fcnstler Gunter Demnig verlegten Stolpersteine im K\u00f6lner Stadtteil Humboldt/Gremberg auf.\n\nDie Liste der Stolpersteine beruht auf den Daten und Recherchen des NS-Dokumentationszentrums der Stadt K\u00f6ln, zum Teil erg\u00e4nzt um Informationen und Anmerkungen aus Wikipedia-Artikeln und externen Quellen. Ziel des Kunstprojektes ist es, biografische Details zu den Personen, die ihren (letzten) freiwillig gew\u00e4hlten Wohnsitz in K\u00f6ln hatten, zu dokumentieren, um damit ihr Andenken zu bewahren.\n\n Anmerkung: Vielfach ist es jedoch nicht mehr m\u00f6glich, eine l\u00fcckenlose Darstellung ihres Lebens und ihres Leidensweges nachzuvollziehen. Insbesondere die Umst\u00e4nde ihres Todes k\u00f6nnen vielfach nicht mehr recherchiert werden. Offizielle Todesfallanzeigen aus den Ghettos, Haft-, Krankenanstalten sowie den Konzentrationslagern k\u00f6nnen oft Angaben enthalten, die die wahren Umst\u00e4nde des Todes verschleiern, werden aber unter der Beachtung dieses Umstandes mitdokumentiert.\n\nQuelle \n NS-Dokumentationszentrum - Stolpersteine | Erinnerungsmale f\u00fcr die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus (Stadtteilliste Humboldt/Gremberg)\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\n Gunter Demnigs Webseite zum Stolperstein-Projekt\n\nHumboldt/Gremberg\nHumboldt/Gremberg", "meta": {"title": "Liste der Stolpersteine im K\u00f6lner Stadtteil Humboldt/Gremberg", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste%20der%20Stolpersteine%20im%20K%C3%B6lner%20Stadtteil%20Humboldt/Gremberg", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El Campeonato Nacional de F\u00fatbol de la Primera B de 1998 fue el torneo disputado de la segunda categor\u00eda del f\u00fatbol profesional chileno en el a\u00f1o 1998.\n\nEl campe\u00f3n del torneo fue Cobresal, que logr\u00f3 ascender a la Primera Divisi\u00f3n, en compa\u00f1\u00eda de O'Higgins, que fue el subcampe\u00f3n y Santiago Morning, que ascendi\u00f3 por la Liguilla de Promoci\u00f3n, tras vencer a Provincial Osorno. \n\nEste torneo adem\u00e1s, fue el \u00faltimo torneo de Regional Atacama, ya que a fines de ese a\u00f1o, una vez consumado su descenso, se confirma su desaparici\u00f3n y a partir del a\u00f1o siguiente, tuvo que ser refundado como Deportes Copiap\u00f3, como se conoce en la actualidad. Tambi\u00e9n marca la primera temporada de Uni\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola en la segunda categor\u00eda del f\u00fatbol chileno tras su descenso de la Primera Divisi\u00f3n, en la temporada anterior y el debut en el profesionalismo, de la Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, que termin\u00f3 en el 5\u00b0 lugar de la tabla, por lo que no alcanz\u00f3 un cupo en la Liguilla de Promoci\u00f3n. \n\nEn el torneo participaron 16 equipos, que jugaron en dos rondas en un sistema de todos-contra-todos.\n\nMovimientos divisionales \n{|\n|- style=\"vertical-align: top;\"\n|\n\n</td>\n\n|}\n\nEquipos participantes \n\n{| border=0\n| <div style=\"position:relative;\">\n\nTabla final \n\nPJ=Partidos jugados; PG=Partidos ganados; PE=Partidos empatados; PP=Partidos perdidos; GF=Goles a favor; GC=Goles en contra; Dif=Diferencia de gol; Pts=Puntos\n\nLiguilla de promoci\u00f3n \n\nClasificaron a la liguilla de promoci\u00f3n los equipos que se ubicaron en 3\u00b0 y 4\u00b0 lugar de la Primera B (Santiago Morning y Uni\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola), con los equipos que se ubicaron en 14\u00b0 y 13\u00b0 lugar de la Primera Divisi\u00f3n (Coquimbo Unido y Provincial Osorno). Se agrup\u00f3 a los equipos en dos llaves, el 3\u00b0 de la B con el 14\u00b0 de Primera y el 4\u00b0 de la B con el 13\u00b0 de Primera. El que ganara cada una de las llaves, jugar\u00eda en Primera Divisi\u00f3n en 1999.\n\nPrimera llave \n\nSantiago Morning ascendi\u00f3 a la Primera Divisi\u00f3n y Provincial Osorno descendi\u00f3 a la Primera B, para el a\u00f1o 1999.\n\nSegunda llave \n\nAmbos equipos mantienen la categor\u00eda para el pr\u00f3ximo a\u00f1o.\n\nGoleadores\n\nEstad\u00edsticas \n\n El equipo con mayor cantidad de partidos ganados: Cobresal y O'Higgins 19 triunfos.\n El equipo con menor cantidad de partidos perdidos: Cobresal 3 derrotas.\n El equipo con menor cantidad de partidos ganados: Regional Atacama 3 triunfos.\n El equipo con mayor cantidad de partidos perdidos: Uni\u00f3n San Felipe, \u00d1ublense y Regional Atacama 17 derrotas.\n El equipo con mayor cantidad de empates: Deportes Melipilla 13 empates.\n El equipo con menor cantidad de empates: Uni\u00f3n San Felipe y O'Higgins 2 empates.\n El equipo m\u00e1s goleador del torneo: Cobresal 79 goles a favor.\n El equipo m\u00e1s goleado del torneo: Uni\u00f3n San Felipe 65 goles en contra.\n El equipo menos goleado del torneo: Cobresal 22 goles en contra.\n El equipo menos goleador del torneo: Regional Atacama 23 goles a favor.\n Mejor diferencia de gol del torneo: Cobresal convirti\u00f3 57 goles m\u00e1s de los que recibi\u00f3.\n Peor diferencia de gol del torneo: Regional Atacama recibi\u00f3 27 goles m\u00e1s de los convirti\u00f3.\n Mayor goleada del torneo: Cobresal 8-1 Deportes Linares.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n\n Copa Apertura 1998\n Primera Divisi\u00f3n de Chile 1998\n Tercera Divisi\u00f3n de Chile 1998\n Cuarta Divisi\u00f3n de Chile 1998\n\nEnlaces externos \n RSSSF Chile 1998\n\n1998\n2", "meta": {"title": "Primera B de Chile 1998", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primera%20B%20de%20Chile%201998", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Il suo culto come santo fu confermato da papa Leone XIII nel 1900.\n\nBiografia \nLouis Duchesne consider\u00f2 il suo nome una corruzione di Migetius e colloc\u00f2 il suo episcopato dopo quello di Donato alla met\u00e0 del VII secolo; in base a studi successivi, Bernard de Vregille ritenne giusto accettare i dati dell'antico catalogo episcopale di Besan\u00e7on che poneva l'episcopato di Nicezio prima di quello di Protadio, negli anni a cavallo tra il VI e il VII secolo.\n\nScarse e poco attendibili le notizie sul suo episcopato: nel 602 avrebbe partecipato a un concilio di cui non si conoscono gli atti; sarebbe stato contemporaneo e amico di papa Gregorio magno e avrebbe promosso l'erezione della chiesa di San Pietro a Besan\u00e7on.\n\nSotto il suo episcopato Colombano fond\u00f2 il monastero di Luxeuil, in diocesi di Besan\u00e7on, ma n\u00e9 il nome di Nicezio, n\u00e9 quello di altri vescovi di quella sede viene menzionato dal biografo del monaco irlandese, Giona di Bobbio. Ci\u00f2 potrebbe dipendere dall'ostilit\u00e0 di Nicezio e degli altri vescovi franchi verso alcune posizioni di Colombano, come la sua pratica di celebrare la Pasqua al modo irlandese.\n\nCulto \nFu sepolto nella chiesa di San Pietro. La sua festa era celebrata nella diocesi l'8 febbraio, ma per un certo periodo la celebrazione fu spostata al 31 gennaio.\n\nGli sono dedicate parrocchie nelle diocesi di Besan\u00e7on, in quella di Saint-Claude e ad Augerans.\n\nIl suo culto come santo fu confermato da papa Leone XIII con decreto del 24 novembre 1900.\n\nIl suo elogio si legge nel martirologio romano all'8 febbraio.\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia \n Il martirologio romano. Riformato a norma dei decreti del Concilio ecumenico Vaticano II e promulgato da papa Giovanni Paolo II, LEV, Citt\u00e0 del Vaticano 2004.\n Claude Fohlen (cur.), Histoire de Besan\u00e7on, 2 voll., Nouvelle librairie de France, Parigi 1964-1965.\n Congregatio de Causis Sanctorum, Index ac status causaruom, Citt\u00e0 del Vaticano 1999.\n Filippo Caraffa e Giuseppe Morelli (curr.), Bibliotheca Sanctorum (BSS), 12 voll., Istituto Giovanni XXIII nella Pontificia Universit\u00e0 Lateranense, Roma 1961-1969.\n\nSanti franchi del VII secolo\nSanti canonizzati da Leone XIII\nVescovi e arcivescovi di Besan\u00e7on", "meta": {"title": "Nicezio di Besan\u00e7on", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicezio%20di%20Besan%C3%A7on", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lesiny ist ein polnischer Ortsname:\n Lesiny (Sorkwity), Powiat Mr\u0105gowski, Woiwodschaft Ermland-Masuren, bis 1945: Leschienen, Kreis Sensburg, Ostpreu\u00dfen\n Lesiny (Namys\u0142\u00f3w), Powiat Namys\u0142owski, Woiwodschaft Oppeln, bis 1945: Waldhof, Kreis Namslau, Schlesien", "meta": {"title": "Lesiny", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesiny", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Back On Track is an album by country singer Billy \"Crash\" Craddock. It was released in 1989 on Atlantic Records.\n\nTrack listing\nBig River to Cross\nLove Night\nTo Love Somebody\nLife's Too Short (To Hurt This Long)\nSome Such Foolishnesses\n\nYou Got the Job\nJust Another Miserable Day Here in Paradise\nI Can't Help It (If I'm Still In Love With You)\nGirls That Everybody Knew\nWhat Good Is Falling Asleep\nSoftly Diana\n\nReferences \n\nBilly \"Crash\" Craddock albums\n1989 albums", "meta": {"title": "Back on Track (Billy Craddock album)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back%20on%20Track%20%28Billy%20Craddock%20album%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Schwartziella inscripta is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Zebinidae. The specific name refers to grooves on the first whorl of the shell.\n\nDescription\nThe height of the shell attains 3.4\u00a0mm.\n\nDistribution\nThis species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off the Cape Verdes.\n\nReferences\n\n Rol\u00e1n E., 2005. Malacological Fauna From The Cape Verde Archipelago. Part 1, Polyplacophora and Gastropoda.\n\ninscripta\nGastropods of Cape Verde\nGastropods described in 2000", "meta": {"title": "Schwartziella inscripta", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwartziella%20inscripta", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni est une esp\u00e8ce d'amphibiens, de la famille des Centrolenidae. Elle est ainsi nomm\u00e9e en l'honneur de Carl Fleischmann, son inventeur en 1892.\n\nR\u00e9partition \nCette esp\u00e8ce se rencontre au Mexique (Guerrero, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Chiapas et Tabasco), en Am\u00e9rique centrale (Belize, Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica et Panama), en Colombie (basses terres de l'ouest, du nord et de la vall\u00e9e du r\u00edo Magdalena) et dans le nord-ouest de l'\u00c9quateur.\n\nDescription \n\nLes m\u00e2les mesurent de  \u00e0  et les femelles de  \u00e0 .\n\n\u00c9thologie \nLe m\u00e2le \u00ab couve \u00bb les \u0153ufs pour maintenir leur humidit\u00e9.\n\nHyalinobatrachium fleischmanni fait partie des \u00ab grenouilles de verre \u00bb, ainsi nomm\u00e9es en raison de leur translucidit\u00e9. En 2022, cette esp\u00e8ce fait l'objet d'une \u00e9tude sur la modulation de cette translucidit\u00e9 : elle maintient activement des niveaux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de transparence pendant son sommeil diurne, transmettant alors de 34 \u00e0 61 % plus de lumi\u00e8re que dans toutes les autres conditions. Elle obtient ce r\u00e9sultat en stockant dans son foie 89 % de ses globules rouges, le plasma ne v\u00e9hiculant plus que des globules rouges clairsem\u00e9s ; la concentration en globules rouges du plasma revient \u00e0 la normale au r\u00e9veil.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nBibliographie \n Publication originale : Boettger, 1893 : Ein neuer Laubfrosch aus Costa Rica. Bericht der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main, ,  (texte int\u00e9gral)\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\nAnoure (nom scientifique)\nHyalinobatrachiinae", "meta": {"title": "Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyalinobatrachium%20fleischmanni", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A kova\u2013szaru szivacsok (Demospongiae) a szivacsok (Porifera) t\u00f6rzs\u00e9nek egy oszt\u00e1lya nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l  recens fajjal; ez a ma \u00e9l\u0151 szivacsfajok 90 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka.\n\nSz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1suk, elterjed\u00e9s\u00fck \n\nMeglehet\u0151sen rosszul fossziliz\u00e1l\u00f3dnak, de akkora t\u00f6megekben \u00e9ltek, hogy viszonylag sok k\u00f6v\u00fclet\u00fck maradt fenn. Az oszt\u00e1ly a kambrium elej\u00e9n alakult ki, \u00e9s a korai kr\u00e9t\u00e1ra m\u00e1r valamennyi rendje kifejl\u0151d\u00f6tt (Hoffmann\u2013M\u00e1tics).\n\nMegjelen\u00e9s\u00fck, fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fck \n\nV\u00e1zuk szil\u00edcium-dioxid anyag\u00fa szivacst\u0171kb\u0151l \u00e9s sok esetben sponginb\u00f3l \u00e9p\u00fcl fel \u2014 a spongin egy kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag erre az oszt\u00e1lyra jellemz\u0151, sz\u00e1las, szaruszer\u0171 feh\u00e9rje. A sponginrostok a kovat\u0171ket kapcsolj\u00e1k \u00f6ssze. Kovat\u0171i a szivacsok egy m\u00e1sik oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1nak, az \u00fcvegszivacsoknak is vannak, de a k\u00e9t oszt\u00e1ly t\u0171inek alakja elt\u00e9r\u0151. A fossz\u00edli\u00e1k \u00e1sv\u00e1nyos \u00f6sszet\u00e9tele \u00e9rt\u00e9kes inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajt az \u00f3ce\u00e1n viz\u00e9nek egykori s\u00f3tartalm\u00e1r\u00f3l \u00e9s h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet\u00e9r\u0151l.\n\nM\u00e9ret\u00fck \u00e9s alakjuk igen v\u00e1ltozatos; egyes fajok \u00e9l\u00e9nk sz\u00edn\u0171ek (L\u0151rinczi\u2013Torma).\n\nFel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fck t\u00falnyom\u00f3r\u00e9szt leukonoid t\u00edpus\u00fa (aszimmetrikus). M\u00e9ret\u00fck \u00e9s form\u00e1juk v\u00e1ltozatos; a legnagyobbak \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151je el\u00e9ri az 1 m\u00e9tert. Belsej\u00fckben bonyolult csatornarendszer alakult ki.\n\n\u00c9letm\u00f3djuk, \u00e9l\u0151hely\u00fck \n\nLegt\u00f6bbj\u00fck tengeri, de  a szivacsok m\u00e1sik k\u00e9t oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1t\u00f3l elt\u00e9r\u0151en k\u00f6z\u00f6tt\u00fck el\u0151fordulnak \u00e9desv\u00edzi fajok is. Hossz\u00fa \u00e9let\u0171ek; a fajok t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g\u00e9nek v\u00e1rhat\u00f3 \u00e9lettartama 500\u20131000 \u00e9v.\n\nAz elm\u00falt t\u00f6bb mint f\u00e9lmilli\u00e1rd \u00e9vben rendk\u00edv\u00fcl v\u00e1ltozatos k\u00f6rnyezeti felt\u00e9telekhez alkalmazkodtak, \u00edgy a tr\u00f3pusok sek\u00e9ly \u00e9s meleg partmenti vizeit\u0151l a m\u00e9lytengerekig mindenfel\u00e9 megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k.\n\nEbbe az oszt\u00e1lyba tartozik az \u00e9desv\u00edzi szivacsok egyetlen rendje (Spongillida), de a fajok nagy t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge ebben az oszt\u00e1lyban is tengeri (L\u0151rinczi\u2013Torma).\n\nIvaros szaporod\u00e1suk \n\nNagy t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g\u00fck h\u00edmn\u0151s (hermafrodita), de az \u00f6nnemz\u00e9s kiv\u00e9telesen ritka. Nincsenek ivarmirigyek: a spermiumok feladatait choanocyt\u00e1k l\u00e1ltj\u00e1k el, a petesejtekk\u00e9 pedig az archeocit\u00e1k alakulnak \u00e1t.\n\nA v\u00edzbe engedett h\u00edm sejtek a p\u00f3rusokon jutnak be a m\u00e1sik szivacsba, \u00e9s ott mennek a mez\u00f3liumban term\u00e9keny\u00edtik meg a petesejteket. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny kiv\u00e9tellel elevensz\u00fcl\u0151k: a megterm\u00e9keny\u00edtett petesejt a testben marad, am\u00edg a l\u00e1rva ki nem kel.\n\nN\u00e9h\u00e1ny faj a petesejteket is a v\u00edzbe engedi, \u00e9s ott term\u00e9keny\u00fclnek meg.\n\nA l\u00e1rv\u00e1k egy ideig planktonikus \u00e9letet \u00e9lnek (lebegnek), majd valamilyen fel\u00fclethez tapadnak, \u00e9s ott kifejlett szivaccs\u00e1 alakulnak.\n\nRendszertani feloszt\u00e1suk \nAz oszt\u00e1lyt 3 aloszt\u00e1lyra \u00e9s az aloszt\u00e1lyba nem sorolt Myceliospongia nemre bontj\u00e1k:\n\n1. Heteroscleromorpha aloszt\u00e1ly 17 renddel\n Agelasida \n Agelasida \n Biemnida \n Bubarida \n Clionaida \n Desmacellida \n Haplosclerida \n Merliida \n Poecilosclerida\n Polymastiida \n Scopalinida\n Sphaerocladina\n \u00e9desv\u00edzi szivacsok (Spongillida)\n Suberitida\n Tethyida\n Tetractinellida\n Trachycladida\n\n2. Keratosa aloszt\u00e1ly 2 renddel\n\n Dendroceratida\n Dictyoceratida\n\n3. Tetractinomorpha aloszt\u00e1ly 3 renddel:\n\n Chondrillida\n Chondrosiida\n Verongiida\n\nJegyzetek\n\nForr\u00e1sok \n\n Farkas et al.: Farkas J\u00e1nos, Sz\u0151v\u00e9nyi Gergely, T\u00f6r\u00f6k J\u00e1nos, T\u00f6r\u00f6k J\u00falia Katalin (2013):\u00c1llatrendszertani gyakorlatok \n Hoffmann\u2013M\u00e1tics: Hoffmann Gyula, M\u00e1tics R\u00f3bert: \u00c9let a F\u00f6ld\u00f6n \u2013 t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti f\u00f6ldtan\nWarbletoncouncil enciklop\u00e9dia\n L\u0151rinczi\u2013Torma: L\u0151rinczi G\u00e1bor, Torma Attila, 2019: Bevezet\u00e9s a zool\u00f3gi\u00e1ba. Egyetemi jegyzet. Szeged, 2019. p. 22.\n\nSzivacsok\n\u00c1llatoszt\u00e1lyok", "meta": {"title": "Kova\u2013szaru szivacsok", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kova%E2%80%93szaru%20szivacsok", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u0440\u044f\u0301\u043d\u043a\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e-\u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438.\n\n\u0414\u043e 2001 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u043e 2005 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 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"https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%28%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u00ab\u0421\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u044f\u00bb\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0424\u041a \u00ab\u0410\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d \u0412\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430\u00bb", "meta": {"title": "\u0414\u0438\u0435\u0433\u043e \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0441 (\u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442, 1993)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%20%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%20%28%D1%84%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%2C%201993%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Play Music is the second studio album by electronic group Thieves Like Us.\n\nCritical reception \n\nIndieLondon criticized Play Music for the song tempos being too slow for the dance style it aimed for and also panned the lead singer's performance. An extremely negative NME review from Alex Hoban dismissed the album as a set of \"boring songs about drugs\" with \"vaguely voguish words\" and \"empty lyrics,\" wondering if he was \"caught up in some kind of late April Fool\" instead of an actual record. The Line of Best Fit bashed the record for its lack of stylistic and instrumental variety between tracks, describing the experience as \"faceless, soulless, heartless synthetics in its prime as this Parisian trio pursue only what they know, and care nothing for what they don't.\"\n\nExclaim! was one of the few publications to run a favorable review, where Cam Lindsay praised its mixture of styles from different countries with pop music elements and a dark mood: \"Play Music is the complete package, with a resounding desire to keep you locked in with misshapen melodies and distorted emotion. Even two years after its debut, it still sounds freshly squeezed, without any indication of going sour any time soon.\"\n\nReferences  \n\n2008 albums", "meta": {"title": "Play Music (album)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Play%20Music%20%28album%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 2008 Sunshine Tour was the ninth season of professional golf tournaments since the southern Africa based Sunshine Tour was relaunched in 2000, and the second since the tour switched a calendar based season in 2007. The Sunshine Tour represents the highest level of competition for male professional golfers in the region.\n\nThe tour was based predominantly in South Africa, with 26 of the 30 tournaments being held in the country. Two events were held in Swaziland, with one each in Zambia and Namibia. There were two new tournaments, The Africa Open, which the tour hopes will become \"Africa's Major\" in the future, and the BMG Classic, founded by the Bearing Man Group, who wished to continue their involvement with the tour following the end of their long run as title sponsors of the Highveld Classic.\n\nAs usual, the tour consisted of two distinct parts, commonly referred to as the \"Summer Swing\" and \"Winter Swing\". Tournaments held during the Summer Swing generally had much higher prize funds, attracted stronger fields, and were the only tournaments on the tour to carry world ranking points, with three events being co-sanctioned with the European Tour. Since the tour switched to a calendar based season, this part of the tour has been split in two, with six events being held at the start of the year, and the remainder in December.\n\nThe Winter Swing ran from March to November, starting with the Mount Edgecombe Trophy, and closing with the Coca-Cola Charity Championship, hosted by Gary Player.\n\nThe order of merit was dominated by Richard Sterne, who won all three European Tour co-sanctioned tournaments, by far the richest on the tour.\n\nSchedule\nThe following table lists official events during the 2008 season.\n\nOrder of Merit\nThe Order of Merit was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in South African rand.\n\nRobert Rock was the third highest money winner (with R1,280,632.80) but did not qualify for the Order of Merit, having only played in two events.\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nSunshine Tour\nSunshine Tour", "meta": {"title": "2008 Sunshine Tour", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%20Sunshine%20Tour", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\nSextus Attius Suburanus Aemilianus war ein r\u00f6mischer Senator und Pr\u00e4torianerpr\u00e4fekt unter Kaiser Trajan.\n\nSuburanus stammte aus dem Ritterstand. Durch eine Inschrift ist seine Laufbahn vor der Pr\u00e4torianerpr\u00e4fektur bekannt geworden. Demnach war er praefectus fabrum, Pr\u00e4fekt der Ala Tauriana, Assistent des legatus Augusti pro praetore der Provinz Hispania citerior bei der Abhaltung des Census, Assistent eines praefectus annonae und Pr\u00e4fekten von \u00c4gypten, procurator Augusti ad Mercurium, procurator Augusti Alpium Cottianarum et Pedatium Tyriorum et Cammuntiorum et Lepontiorum sowie Prokurator der Provinzen Iudaea und Belgica.\n\nSuburanus wurde um das Jahr 99 Nachfolger des Casperius Aelianus, der im Jahr 97 einen Aufstand gegen Kaiser Nerva unternommen hatte und deshalb vom neuen Kaiser Trajan ein Jahr sp\u00e4ter hingerichtet worden war. Plinius der J\u00fcngere berichtet in seiner Lobrede auf Trajan \u00fcber das Vertrauensverh\u00e4ltnis zwischen dem Kaiser und Suburanus. Ihm habe Trajan sein Schwert \u00fcberreicht mit den Worten: \u201eNimm dieses Schwert und verwende es f\u00fcr mich, wenn ich gut regiere; andernfalls gegen mich.\u201c  Die Nachricht von der \u00dcberreichung des Schwerts findet sich auch bei den sp\u00e4teren Autoren Cassius Dio und Aurelius Victor. \n\nSuburanus begleitete als comes Trajan w\u00e4hrend seiner Inspektionsreisen. Er wurde in den Senat aufgenommen und bekleidete zweimal das Konsulat. Durch Milit\u00e4rdiplome, die auf den 13. M\u00e4rz 101 datiert sind, ist belegt, dass 101 Suffektkonsul war; er folgte Trajan nach, der als ordentlicher Konsul zur\u00fcckgetreten war und \u00fcbte dieses Amt zusammen mit Quintus Articuleius Paetus aus. Im Jahr 104 war dann zusammen mit Marcus Asinius Marcellus ordentlicher Konsul.\n\nSiehe auch \n Liste der r\u00f6mischen Konsuln\n\nLiteratur \n \n Prosopographia Imperii Romani (PIR) \u00b2 A 1366\n\nAnmerkungen \n\nEques\nKonsul (R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit)\nPr\u00e4torianerpr\u00e4fekt\nGeboren im 1. Jahrhundert\nGestorben im 2. Jahrhundert\nMann\nPontifex\nR\u00f6mer", "meta": {"title": "Sextus Attius Suburanus Aemilianus", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sextus%20Attius%20Suburanus%20Aemilianus", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Quthing est un district du Lesotho.\n\nQuthing", "meta": {"title": "District de Quthing", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/District%20de%20Quthing", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le monast\u00e8re Notre-Dame de Macourt \u00e9tait un monast\u00e8re de l'ordre des chartreux, situ\u00e9e d'abord \u00e0 Macourt-lez-Marly, au bord de la Rhonelle, puis \u00e0 Valenciennes.\n\nHistoire\n\nLa chartreuse de Marly (1288-1566) \nJean d'Avesnes, \u00e0 la demande de son fr\u00e8re de Guillaume d'Avesnes, \u00e9v\u00eaque de Cambrai, fonde une chartreuse appel\u00e9e Val-Saint-Pierre ou Val-Saint-Paul pr\u00e8s de Cambrai en 1288. D\u00e8s 1293, la communaut\u00e9 se retire en ville, chez les cordeliers. En 1295 ou 1297, le comte Jean de Hainaut, l\u2019installe \u00e0 Macourt-lez-Marly, faubourg de Valenciennes. L\u2019\u00e9glise est consacr\u00e9e en 1298 ou 1304 ; transform\u00e9e en r\u00e9fectoire, elle est remplac\u00e9e par une autre, consacr\u00e9e en 1343 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un bienfaiteur, Jacques de Maubeuge, chanoine de Cambrai. \n\nEn 1566, la maison est saccag\u00e9e par les huguenots, qui finalement la rasent. Les religieux se r\u00e9fugient en ville. Il y a un projet de transfert \u00e0 Douai, mais en 1575 on commence \u00e0 construire un nouveau monast\u00e8re dans Valenciennes intra-muros.\n\nLa chartreuse de Valenciennes (1575-1791) \nLes chartreux ach\u00e8tent l'h\u00f4tel d'Aerschot et dix-neuf maison dans la paroisse Saint-Nicolas et construisent un nouveau monast\u00e8re. L'\u00e9glise est consacr\u00e9 le  par Andr\u00e9 Francquart, \u00e9v\u00eaque de Chalc\u00e9doine.\n\nLe , l'assembl\u00e9e constituante prononce l'abolition des v\u0153ux monastiques et la suppression des congr\u00e9gations religieuses. La communaut\u00e9 est dispers\u00e9e en 1791 ; beaucoup de religieux gagnent la Boutillerie, d\u00e9sign\u00e9e comme maison de r\u00e9union. Quatre d\u2019entre eux reviennent r\u00e9occuper la chartreuse \u00e0 la faveur de l\u2019invasion autrichienne en 1792.  La chartreuse est bombard\u00e9e pendant le si\u00e8ge de Valenciennes en 1793. 4 des 6 derniers chartreux de Valenciennes sont guillotin\u00e9s sur la place de Valenciennes en 1794.\n\nPrieurs \nLe prieur est le sup\u00e9rieur d'une chartreuse, \u00e9lu par ses comprof\u00e8s ou d\u00e9sign\u00e9 par les sup\u00e9rieurs majeurs.\n1298 : Pierre Douchart, premier prieur\n...\n1509 : Jean Donas\n...\n1526-1527: Antoine Wastel, prof\u00e8s de Saint-Omer, nomm\u00e9 procureur des moniales de Gosnay (1513-1520 et 1533-1535), recteur (1524-1526) et prieur (1526-1527) de Valenciennes, nomm\u00e9 vicaire \u00e0 Saint-Omer en 1527.\n...\n~1545 :  Jean Morocourt (\u20201548), alias \n~1557-1610 : Jean de l'Ecluse (\u20201610), restaurateur du monast\u00e8re \u00e0 Valenciennes, visiteur de la province de Picardie , en 1586.\n...\n1627 : Pierre Lyon, prieur de Valenciennes et visiteur de la province de Picardie.\n~1630 : Antelme de Pronville\n1640 : Pierre Carr\u00e9.\n1655 : Bernard Pamard, prieur et convisiteur de la province\n1658- : Pierre-Antoine van Pecque (Pecquius) (1614-1679), prieur de Zelem, d'Anvers (1664-1666), de Sainte-Sophie-de-Constantinople (1664-1666)\n...\n1678 : Lucas (ou Nicolas) Lescailliet ou Lescallier.\n...\n - : Hugues Verez (1712-1793), prof\u00e8s de Valenciennes en 1733, prieur de Saint-Omer en 1772, coadjuteur de Valenciennes en 1778. S'est retir\u00e9 \u00e0 Lille.\n\nPatrimoine foncier \nLes chartreux de Valenciennes poss\u00e9daient des terres \u00e0 Aulnoy, Blaringhem, Marly, Solesmes.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nNotes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nBibliographie \nArchives d\u00e9partementales du Nord, .\n\n.\n.\n.\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticles connexes \nChartreuse Saints-Joseph-et-Morand de Douai\n\nLiens externes \n\nChartreuse dans le d\u00e9partement du Nord\nMacourt\nNotre-Dame de Macourt\nChartreuse Notre-Dame de Macourt\nChartreuse disparue\nChartreuse Notre-Dame de Macourt\nFondation en 1288", "meta": {"title": "Chartreuse Notre-Dame de Macourt", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartreuse%20Notre-Dame%20de%20Macourt", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nBiografia \nItaloamericano nato nello stato di New York, Nino Tempo \u00e8 stato un bambino prodigio, essendosi esibito in televisione al clarinetto e al sax tenore accanto a Benny Goodman durante l'infanzia. A questi anni risale anche il suo debutto di attore. Nel 1953, bench\u00e9 non accreditato, ha affiancato James Stewart nella pellicola cult La storia di Glenn Miller.\n\nPer tutti gli anni '50 \u00e8 stato attivissimo come musicista. Nel 1963 ha inciso Deep Purple, duetto con April Stevens, sua sorella: la canzone, a lungo al primo posto nelle classifiche americane, \u00e8 stata premiata col Grammy l'anno dopo. Sono poi seguiti altri brani di successo e prove da musicista importanti, come la collaborazione all'album Rock 'n' Roll di John Lennon. Ha lavorato anche con Bobby Darin, Diane Schuur, Rosemary Clooney, Cher, Linda Ronstadt, Liza Minnelli.\n\nDiscografia\n\nFilmografia\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nBambini prodigio\nMusicisti statunitensi del XX secolo\nSassofonisti statunitensi\nClarinettisti statunitensi\nAttori statunitensi del XX secolo", "meta": {"title": "Nino Tempo", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nino%20Tempo", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Matti Nuutinen, naci\u00f3 en Turku (Finlandia), el 6 de marzo de 1990. Es un baloncestista finland\u00e9s que actualmente forma parte de la plantilla del Oviedo Club Baloncesto y de la Selecci\u00f3n de baloncesto de Finlandia. Con 2.00 metros juega en la posici\u00f3n de alero.\n\nTrayectoria profesional \n\nSu debut al m\u00e1ximo nivel fue con el Kouvot (07/08), donde permaneci\u00f3 hasta la 09/10; su proyecci\u00f3n y juventud llam\u00f3 la atenci\u00f3n de otros equipos, dando el salto al Salon Vilpas la temporada  10/11, donde rindi\u00f3 bien (8.9 pt, 5.2 re), lo que hizo que se fijara en \u00e9l Bisons Loimaa, uno de los equipos m\u00e1s potentes de Finlandia en esos momentos. \n\nDisput\u00f3 cuatro temporadas en las filas del Bisons Loimaa (11-15) y dos ligas dom\u00e9sticas ganadas, adem\u00e1s jug\u00f3 la prestigiosa VTB League la temporada 14/15 (11.0 puntos, 4.0 rebotes) y todo ello con rol de titular, desde la posici\u00f3n de combo forward. \n\nSe convertir\u00eda en un fijo en la selecci\u00f3n de baloncesto de Finlandia desde 2012 con la que disputar\u00eda el Mundobasket 2014 y el Eurobasket de 2015, en este \u00faltimo realizando unos promedios de 7.3 puntos y 3.8 rebotes por partido. \n\nEn 2015, tras el fin del proyecto de Bisons Loimaa al alto nivel, el alero llegaba a Grecia para disputar la temporada 2015-2016 en el SEFA Arkadikos, promediando nueve puntos y cuatro rebotes por encuentro, un equipo reci\u00e9n ascendido a la HEBA que no logr\u00f3 el objetivo de la permanencia. Su buen a\u00f1o hizo que fichara la temporada 2016-2017 por el Chorale de Roanne Basket, de la liga ProB francesa, donde promedi\u00f3 siete puntos y tres rebotes. \n\nDisput\u00f3 la temporada 2017-18 en las filas del BCM U Pitesti de Ruman\u00eda, donde promedi\u00f3 en veintitr\u00e9s partidos, seis puntos y cuatro rebotes por encuentro.\n\nEn agosto de 2018, llega a Espa\u00f1a, en concreto a la Liga LEB Oro, firmando un contrato en su nueva aventura en el Oviedo Club Baloncesto por una temporada.\n\nClubs \n\n Kouvot (2007\u20132010)\n Salon Vilpas Vikings (2010\u20132011)\n Bisons Loimaa (2011\u20132015)\n Arkadikos (2015\u20132016)\n Chorale Roanne (2016\u20132017)\n Pite\u0219ti (2017-2018)\n Oviedo Club Baloncesto (2018-)\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n Perfil del jugador en realgm\n\nBaloncestistas de Finlandia\nBaloncestistas de la selecci\u00f3n de Finlandia\nBaloncestistas del Chorale Roanne Basket\nBaloncestistas de la Liga LEB\nBaloncestistas del Salon Vilpas Vikings\nBaloncestistas del Oviedo Club Baloncesto\nNacidos en Turku", "meta": {"title": "Matti Nuutinen", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matti%20Nuutinen", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u017berebkowicze (; ) \u2013 agromiasteczko na Bia\u0142orusi, w obwodzie brzeskim, w rejonie lachowickim, w sielsowiecie \u017berebkowicze, przy drodze republika\u0144skiej .\n\nW dwudziestoleciu mi\u0119dzywojennym le\u017ca\u0142y w Polsce, w wojew\u00f3dztwie nowogr\u00f3dzkim, w powiecie baranowickim.\n\nZnajduje tu si\u0119 przystanek kolejowy \u017berebkowicze, po\u0142o\u017cony na linii Osipowicze \u2013 Baranowicze.\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia \n \n \u017berebkowicze na mapie WIG\n\nWsie w rejonie lachowickim", "meta": {"title": "\u017berebkowicze", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBerebkowicze", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Francesco Gentile es un deportista italiano que compiti\u00f3 en taekwondo. Gan\u00f3 una medalla de bronce en el Campeonato Europeo de Taekwondo de 1986 en la categor\u00eda de \u201383 kg.\n\nPalmar\u00e9s internacional\n\nReferencias \n\nGentile, Francesco", "meta": {"title": "Francesco Gentile", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco%20Gentile", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Christine Keeler (f\u00f8dt 22. februar 1942, d\u00f8d 4. december 2017) var en engelsk fotomodel og korpige. Hendes forbindelse med en minister i den konservative engelske regering under Harold Macmillan medf\u00f8rte i 1963 den krise, der er kendt som Profumo-skandalen.\n\nHun blev f\u00f8dt i Uxbridge i Middlesex i England og voksede op i den lille by Wraysbury i Berkshire. Som 15-\u00e5rig fik hun arbejde som model i en kjoleforretning i Soho-kvarteret i London. Som 16-\u00e5rig fik hun en s\u00f8n med en farvet amerikansk soldat. Den nyf\u00f8dte levede kun f\u00e5 dage, og Keeler fik hurtigt arbejde som korpige i en klub i Soho, hvor hun m\u00f8dte dr. Stephen Ward. De to flyttede kort efter sammen og gav udadtil indtryk af at v\u00e6re et par, men if\u00f8lge hende var det et platonisk forhold.\n\nProfumo-skandalen \nI juli 1961 introducerede Ward hende ved en fest p\u00e5 Cliveden (tilh\u00f8rende lord Astor) for John Profumo, den britiske krigsminister. Profumo indledte en aff\u00e6re med Keeler uden at vide, at hun ogs\u00e5 gik i seng med Jevgenij Ivanov, der var milit\u00e6rattach\u00e9 ved den sovjetiske ambassade.\n\nKeeler var f\u00e6ngslet i ni m\u00e5neder for mened i en sag, der involverede en tidligere elsker Lucky Gordon, som var immigrant fra Jamaica. Stephen Ward blev anklaget for at leve af indt\u00e6gter fra prostitution tjent af Christine Keeler og hendes veninde Mandy Rice-Davies. Ward begik selvmord f\u00f8r dommen.\n\nHun havde udgivet flere b\u00f8ger om aff\u00e6ren, og i 2001 skrev hun og redakt\u00f8ren Douglas Thompson sin autobiografi med titlen Den endelige sandhed \u2013 Min historie (The Truth at Last: My Story).\n\nI filmen Scandal fra 1989 om Profumo-aff\u00e6ren spillede skuespillerinden Joanne Whalley rollen som Keeler.\n\nHun var ogs\u00e5 emnet for en sang af Phil Ochs med titlen \"Christine Keeler\". Desuden optr\u00e6der hendes navn i Porcupine Trees sang \"Piano Lessons\" og i \"Post World War II Blues\" af Al Stewart.\n\nPortr\u00e6ttet \nMidt under Profumo-skandalen i 1963 tog fotografen Lewis Morley et ber\u00f8mt fotografi af Keeler til reklamen for en film, som aldrig blev udsendt. Keeler havde underskrevet en kontrakt, if\u00f8lge hvilken hun var forpligtet til at optr\u00e6de n\u00f8gen p\u00e5 reklamefotos. Keeler t\u00f8vede med at gennemf\u00f8re dem, men filmproduceren insisterede, s\u00e5 Morley overtalte Keeler til at sidde omvendt p\u00e5 en stol, s\u00e5 hun teknisk set var n\u00f8gen, men stolen d\u00e6kkede det meste af hende. (Se billederne via den eksterne henvisning nedenfor).\n\nP\u00e5 det tidspunkt var Morley og Keeler allerede ber\u00f8mte, men fotografiet medvirkede til at give Arne Jacobsens stol model 3107 stjernestatus. For at undg\u00e5 alle retslige sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l om ophavsret var den benyttede stol imidlertid \u00e6ndret, s\u00e5 den havde et udsk\u00e5ret h\u00e5ndtag i stoleryggen. Fotografiet er blevet efterlignet og gjort til genstand for satire, ogs\u00e5 af Morley selv.\n\nReferencer\n\nLitteratur \n Sex Scandals af Christine Keeler og Robert Meadley, Xanadu Publications 1985 \n Scandal af Christine Keeler, St. Martin's Press 1985 . (Basis for filmen af samme navn.)\n The Businessperson's Guide to Intelligent Social Drinking af Richard Basini og Christine Keeler, Congdon & Weed 1989\n The Naked Spy af Christine Keeler, Ivanov Yevgeny og Sokolov Gennady, Blake Publishing 1992 \n The Truth At Last: My Story af Christine Keeler med Douglas Thompson, Sidgwick & Jackson Ltd, 2001\n\nEkstern henvisning \n Morley's erindring om fotooptagelsen af Keeler fra Victoria and Albert Museum.\n\nFotomodeller fra England", "meta": {"title": "Christine Keeler", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine%20Keeler", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Scenic is an unincorporated community in Pennington County, South Dakota, United States. It is located within Scenic Township, which had a 2010 census population of 58 inhabitants.  The community is located adjacent to the Badlands National Park, about  southeast of Rapid City, or about one hour by car, along Highway 44.\n\nHistory\n\nThe community was so named for the \"scenic\" setting of the town site.\n\nAs an economic decline hit the town in the 21st century, local businesswoman Twila Merrill acquired more and more of the town property until she owned most of it.\n\nIn July 2011, the  town and surrounding area\u2014about  total\u2014was listed for sale at $799,000.  The sale included the post office  (ZIP code 57780), Longhorn Saloon, a dance hall, bunkhouse, museum, and two stores.  It also includes a train depot that is on an abandoned line that was part of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad and is the subject of a  rails-to-trail project between Rapid City and Kadoka.\n\nIn August 2011, the Iglesia ni Cristo (INC, ), an independent, nontrinitarian Christian denomination based in the Philippines, bought the property for nearly $800,000, Pennington County records show. The church never disclosed why it acquired the property. In 2014, Daniel Simmons-Ritchie of the Rapid City Journal wrote that the INC \"has done little with the town since its purchase.\"\n\nIn April 2015, an INC minister moved to the area and soon afterwards began leading services for 10\u201315 congregants who live near Scenic.\n\nSee also\n Swett, South Dakota, another town put up for sale\n Johnsonville Village, Connecticut, an abandoned community also purchased by the Iglesia ni Cristo\n\nReferences\n\nUnincorporated communities in Pennington County, South Dakota\nRapid City, South Dakota metropolitan area\nUnincorporated communities in South Dakota\nIglesia ni Cristo", "meta": {"title": "Scenic, South Dakota", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenic%2C%20South%20Dakota", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Paroster wedgeensis \u00e4r en skalbaggsart som f\u00f6rst beskrevs av Watts och William F. Humphreys 2003.  Paroster wedgeensis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Paroster och familjen dykare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nDykare\nwedgeensis", "meta": {"title": "Paroster wedgeensis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paroster%20wedgeensis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Carolinenthal ist ein bewohnter Gemeindeteil im Ortsteil G\u00fcterberg der amtsfreien Gemeinde Uckerland im Landkreis Uckermark in Brandenburg.\n\nGeographie \nDer Ort liegt zwei Kilometer nordwestlich von G\u00fcterberg und drei Kilometer s\u00fcdlich von Strasburg (Uckermark). Die Nachbarorte sind Strasburg (Uckermark) im Norden, Ludwigsthal und K\u00f6hnshof im Nordosten, G\u00fcterberg und Fahrenholz im S\u00fcdosten, Kleisth\u00f6he im S\u00fcden, Hornshagen im S\u00fcdwesten sowie Luisenburg im Nordwesten.\n\nGeschichte \nCarolinenthal wurde 1745 erstmals urkundlich erw\u00e4hnt. Der urspr\u00fcngliche Name M\u00fccken-Krug war vermutlich ein Spottname f\u00fcr einen Krug, in dem es reichlich M\u00fccken gab. Auch die Bezeichnung Guterbocksches Vorwerk ist \u00fcberliefert. Ab 1818 trug die Ortschaft ihren heutigen Namen. Vermutlich war eine Angeh\u00f6rige des Besitzers die Namenspatin.\n\nLiteratur\n\nWeblinks\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nErsterw\u00e4hnung 1745\nGeographie (Uckerland)\nOrt im Landkreis Uckermark", "meta": {"title": "Carolinenthal", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolinenthal", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438.\n\n\u041c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d \u2116\u00a080 \u043e\u0442 30 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2006 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \n5 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1999 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0435. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u0424.\u0413\u0430\u043b\u043b\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0432.\n\n.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d \u2116\u00a080 \u043e\u0442 30 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2006 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438 \n\n\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\n\u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438\n\u0414\n\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431\u044b \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438, \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\n\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431\u044b \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0430\u200e", "meta": {"title": "\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u0414\u044e\u0440\u0442\u044e\u043b\u0438", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%20%D0%94%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B8", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nCarriera\n\nGiocatore \nCresciuto calcisticamente nel , di cui secondo il Resto del Carlino \u00e8 tra i migliori giocatori che vi abbiano giocato. Con la maglia del club esord\u00ec in massima serie a 16 anni nella partita in Pisa-Modena del dicembre 1924 segnando anche il suo primo gol, che garant\u00ec il successo agli emiliani e che lo fece diventare il pi\u00f9 giovane marcatore del club.\n\nPass\u00f2 nel 1931 al , prima di collezionare 5 presenze nell'Ambrosiana-Inter vicecampione d'Italia. Torn\u00f2 poi per un anno al , per essere quindi ceduto alla Roma. Gioc\u00f2 in seguito con la maglia del Ravenna, dopo aver militato anche un anno con la .\n\nRitorna a giocare nel  durante il Campionato Alta Italia 1944, rivestendo contemporaneamente anche il ruolo di allenatore.\n\nNelle varie competizioni, ha amareggiato 91 volte gli avversari del Modena con i suoi tiri, risultando il miglior marcatore della storia del club canarino.\n\nConta inoltre sei presenze in Nazionale B.\n\nAllenatore \nLa carriera d'allenatore intraprese nel Ravenna mentre vi giocava; sfior\u00f2 nella stagione 1940-1941 la promozione in Serie B, persa a favore del Pescara solo per il quoziente reti. Pass\u00f2 quindi alla .\n\nDa allenatore, port\u00f2 il , nel 1946-1947, al terzo posto nel campionato di Serie A, dietro il Grande Torino e la Juve, dalla quale il distacco fu solo di due punti; durante la stagione la squadra batt\u00e9 in casa il Milan per 2-1, il 24 novembre 1946, la Juventus per 1-0, il 22 dicembre 1946 e l'Inter, anche per 1-0, il 19 gennaio 1947.\n\nNel 1950 guid\u00f2 il Vicenza, per passare l'anno successivo al ; nel 1954 Fulvio Bernardini lo scelse per le squadre giovanili della Fiorentina, dove questi scopr\u00ec Giuliano Sarti; per la sua opera a Firenze ottenne il Seminatore d'Oro, quindi torn\u00f2 a Modena, dove scopr\u00ec Giorgio Rognoni.\n\nIl  lo ha inserito nella sua Hall of fame.\n\nStatistiche\n\nPresenze e reti nei club\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n \n Mazzoni, una vita in campo ad insegnare l'arte del calcio ilrestodelcarlino.it", "meta": {"title": "Alfredo Mazzoni", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfredo%20Mazzoni", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Pandora (hangeul :  ; RR : Pan-do-ra) est un film catastrophe sud-cor\u00e9en \u00e9crit et r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Park Jung-woo, sorti en 2016.\n\nSynopsis \nQuand un s\u00e9isme d\u00e9vaste un village cor\u00e9en o\u00f9 une centrale nucl\u00e9aire est en activit\u00e9 malgr\u00e9 sa v\u00e9tust\u00e9, un homme risque sa vie pour sauver le pays du d\u00e9sastre annonc\u00e9. (Source: cinemotions.com)\n\nFiche technique \n Titre original : \n Titre international : Pandora\n R\u00e9alisation : Park Jung-woo\n Sc\u00e9nario : Park Jung-woo\n Direction artistique : Kang Seung-yong\n Photographie : Choi Young-hwan\n Montage : Park Gok-ji\n Musique : Jo Yeong-wook\n Production : Park Kyeong-sook et Kang Seong-ho\n Soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de production : CAC Entertainment\n Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de distribution : Contents Panda (Cor\u00e9e du Sud) ; Netflix (France)\n Pays d'origine : \n Langue officielle : cor\u00e9en\n Format : couleur\n Genre : catastrophe\n Dur\u00e9e : 136 minutes\n Dates de sortie :\n  : \n , , ,  :  sur Netflix\n\nDistribution \n Kim Nam-gil  : Jae-hyeok\n Kim Joo-hyeon  : Yeon-joo\n Jeong Jin-yeong  : Pyeong-seok\n Kim Yeong-ae  :  Seok\n Moon Jeong-hee  : Jeong-hye\n Kim Dae-myeong  : Gil-seop\n Lee Kyeong-yeong : le Premier ministre\n Kang Shin-il :  Kong\n Yoo Seung-mok :  Kam\n Joo Jin-mo : le ministre\n Song Yeong-chang : le nouveau directeur\n Kim Yeong-woong :  Kang\n Kim Myeong-min : le pr\u00e9sident de la Cor\u00e9e du Sud\n Version fran\u00e7aise\n Studio de doublage : Cinephase\n Direction artistique : Olivier Cuvellier\n Adaptation : Cendryl Blanchon et Sandra Devonssay\n\nAccueil\n\nSortie internationale \nPandora sort le  dans les salles sud-cor\u00e9ennes.\n\nNetflix a demand\u00e9 les droits du film, dont la diffusion est pr\u00e9vue en  dans  tels que la Belgique, la France, le Qu\u00e9bec et la Suisse romande.\n\nBox-office\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nAnnexes\n\nArticles connexes \n Catastrophe nucl\u00e9aire\n Cin\u00e9ma sud-cor\u00e9en\n Film catastrophe\n\nLiens externes \n \n  Pandora sur Korean Movie Database\n  Pandora sur Korean Film Council\n  Pandora sur HanCinema\n \n\nFilm sud-cor\u00e9en sorti en 2016\nFilm dramatique sud-cor\u00e9en\nFilm catastrophe sud-cor\u00e9en\nThriller (film) sud-cor\u00e9en\nFilm se d\u00e9roulant en Cor\u00e9e du Sud\nFilm tourn\u00e9 en Cor\u00e9e du Sud\nFilm en cor\u00e9en\nFilm de Next Entertainment World", "meta": {"title": "Pandora (film, 2016)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandora%20%28film%2C%202016%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (English translation: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) is the seminal work on the heliocentric theory of the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473\u20131543) of the Polish Renaissance. The book, first printed in 1543 in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire, offered an alternative model of the universe to Ptolemy's geocentric system, which had been widely accepted since ancient times.\n\nHistory\n\nCopernicus initially outlined his system in a short, untitled, anonymous manuscript that he distributed to several friends, referred to as the Commentariolus. A physician's library list dating to 1514 includes a manuscript whose description matches the Commentariolus, so Copernicus must have begun work on his new system by that time. Most historians believe that he wrote the Commentariolus after his return from Italy, possibly only after 1510. At this time, Copernicus anticipated that he could reconcile the motion of the Earth with the perceived motions of the planets easily, with fewer motions than were necessary in the Alfonsine Tables, the version of the Ptolemaic system current at the time. In particular, the heliocentric Copernican model made use of the Urdi Lemma developed in the 13th century by Mu'ayyad al-Din al-'Urdi, the first of the Maragha astronomers to develop a non-Ptolemaic model of planetary motion.\n\nObservations of Mercury by Bernhard Walther (1430\u20131504) of Nuremberg, a pupil of Regiomontanus, were made available to Copernicus by Johannes Sch\u00f6ner, 45 observations in total, 14 of them with longitude and latitude. Copernicus used three of them in De revolutionibus, giving only longitudes, and erroneously attributing them to Sch\u00f6ner. Copernicus' values differed slightly from the ones published by Sch\u00f6ner in 1544 in Observationes XXX annorum a I. Regiomontano et B. Walthero Norimbergae habitae, [4\u00b0, Norimb. 1544].\n\nA manuscript of De revolutionibus in Copernicus' own hand has survived. After his death, it was given to his pupil, Rheticus, who for publication had only been given a copy without annotations. Via Heidelberg, it ended up in Prague, where it was rediscovered and studied in the 19th century. Close examination of the manuscript, including the different types of paper used, helped scholars  construct an approximate timetable for its composition. Apparently Copernicus began by making a few astronomical observations to provide new data to perfect his models. He may have begun writing the book while still engaged in observations. By the 1530s a substantial part of the book was complete, but Copernicus hesitated to publish. In 1536, Cardinal Nikolaus von Sch\u00f6nberg wrote to Copernicus and urged him to publish his manuscript.\n\nIn 1539, Georg Joachim Rheticus, a young mathematician from Wittenberg, arrived in Frauenburg (Frombork) to study with him. Rheticus read Copernicus' manuscript and immediately wrote a non-technical summary of its main theories in the form of an open letter addressed to Sch\u00f6ner, his astrology teacher in N\u00fcrnberg; he published this letter as the Narratio Prima in Danzig in 1540. Rheticus' friend and mentor Achilles Gasser published a second edition of the Narratio in Basel in 1541. Due to its friendly reception, Copernicus finally agreed to publication of more of his main work\u2014in 1542, a treatise on trigonometry, which was taken from the second book of the still unpublished De revolutionibus. Rheticus published it in Copernicus' name.\n\nUnder strong pressure from Rheticus, and having seen that the first general reception of his work had not been unfavorable, Copernicus finally agreed to give the book to his close friend, Bishop Tiedemann Giese, to be delivered to Rheticus in Wittenberg for printing by Johannes Petreius at N\u00fcrnberg (Nuremberg). It was published just before Copernicus' death, in 1543.\n\nCopernicus kept a copy of his manuscript which, sometime after his death, was sent to Rheticus in the attempt to produce an authentic, unaltered version of the book. The plan failed but the copy was found during the 18th century and was published later. It is kept at the Jagiellonian University Library in Krak\u00f3w,  where it remains bearing the library number BJ 10 000.\n\nContents\n\nFrom the first edition, Copernicus' book was prefixed with an anonymous preface which argues that the following is a calculus consistent with the observations, and cannot resolve philosophical truths. Only later was this revealed to be the unauthorized interjection by Lutheran preacher Andreas Osiander, who lived in Nuremberg when the first edition was printed there. This is followed by Copernicus' own preface, where he dedicates his work to Pope Paul III and appeals to the latter's skill as a mathematician to recognize the truth of Copernicus' hypothesis.\n\nDe revolutionibus is divided into six \"books\" (sections or parts), following closely the layout of Ptolemy's Almagest which it updated and replaced:\n Book I chapters 1\u201311 are a general vision of the heliocentric theory, and a summarized exposition of his cosmology. The world (heavens) is spherical, as is the Earth, and the land and water make a single globe. The celestial bodies, including the Earth, have regular circular and everlasting movements. The Earth rotates on its axis and around the Sun. Answers to why the ancients thought the Earth was central. The order of the planets around the Sun and their periodicity. Chapters 12\u201314 give theorems for chord geometry as well as a table of chords.\n Book II describes the principles of spherical astronomy as a basis for the arguments developed in the following books and gives a comprehensive catalogue of the fixed stars.\n Book III describes his work on the precession of the equinoxes and treats the apparent movements of the Sun and related phenomena.\n Book IV is a similar description of the Moon and its orbital movements.\n Book V explains how to calculate the positions of the wandering stars based on the heliocentric model and gives tables for the five planets.\n Book VI deals with the digression in latitude from the ecliptic of the five planets.\n\nCopernicus argued that the universe comprised eight spheres. The outermost consisted of motionless, fixed stars, with the Sun motionless at the center. The known planets revolved about the Sun, each in its own sphere, in the order: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn. The Moon, however, revolved in its sphere around the Earth. What appeared to be the daily revolution of the Sun and fixed stars around the Earth was actually the Earth's daily rotation on its own axis.\n\nCopernicus adhered to one of the standard beliefs of his time, namely that the motions of celestial bodies must be composed of uniform circular motions. For this reason, he was unable to account for the observed apparent motion of the planets without retaining a complex system of epicycles similar to those of the Ptolemaic system.\nDespite Copernicus' adherence to this aspect of ancient astronomy, his radical shift from a geocentric to a heliocentric cosmology was a serious blow to Aristotle's science\u2014and helped usher in the Scientific Revolution.\n\nAd lectorem\n\nRheticus left N\u00fcrnberg to take up his post as professor in Leipzig. Andreas Osiander had taken over the task of supervising the printing and publication. In an effort to reduce the controversial impact of the book Osiander added his own unsigned letter Ad lectorem de hypothesibus huius operis (To the reader concerning the hypotheses of this work) printed in front of Copernicus' preface which was a dedicatory letter to Pope Paul III and which kept the title \"Praefatio authoris\" (to acknowledge that the unsigned letter was not by the book's author).\nOsiander's letter stated that Copernicus' system was mathematics intended to aid computation and not an attempt to declare literal truth:\n\nAs even Osiander's defenders point out, the Ad lectorem \"expresses views on the aim and nature of scientific theories at variance with Copernicus' claims for his own theory\".\nMany view Osiander's letter as a betrayal of science and Copernicus, and an attempt to pass his own thoughts off as those of the book's author. An example of this type of claim can be seen in the Catholic Encyclopedia, which states \"Fortunately for him [the dying Copernicus], he could not see what Osiander had done. This reformer, knowing the attitude of Luther and Melanchthon against the heliocentric system\u00a0... without adding his own name, replaced the preface of Copernicus by another strongly contrasting in spirit with that of Copernicus.\"\n\nWhile Osiander's motives behind the letter have been questioned by many, he has been defended by historian Bruce Wrightsman, who points out he was not an enemy of science. Osiander had many scientific connections including \"Johannes Schoner, Rheticus's teacher, whom Osiander recommended for his post at the Nurnberg Gymnasium; Peter Apian of Ingolstadt University; Hieronymous Schreiber...Joachim Camerarius...Erasmus Reinhold...Joachim Rheticus...and finally, Hieronymous Cardan.\"\n\nThe historian Wrightsman put forward that Osiander did not sign the letter because he \"was such a notorious [Protestant] reformer whose name was well-known and infamous among Catholics\", so that signing would have likely caused negative scrutiny of the work of Copernicus (a loyal Catholic canon and scholar). Copernicus himself had communicated to Osiander his \"own fears that his work would be scrutinized and criticized by the 'peripatetics and theologians',\" and he had already been in trouble with his bishop, Johannes Dantiscus, on account of his former relationship with his mistress and friendship with Dantiscus's enemy and suspected heretic, Alexander Scultetus. It was also possible that Protestant Nurnberg could fall to the forces of the Holy Roman Emperor and since \"the books of hostile theologians could be burned...why not scientific works with the names of hated theologians affixed to them?\" Wrightsman also holds that this is why Copernicus did not mention his top student, Rheticus (a Lutheran) in the book's dedication to the Pope.\n\nOsiander's interest in astronomy was theological, hoping for \"improving the chronology of historical events and thus providing more accurate apocalyptic interpretations of the Bible... [he shared in] the general awareness that the calendar was not in agreement with astronomical movement and therefore, needed to be corrected by devising better models on which to base calculations.\" In an era before the telescope, Osiander (like most of the era's mathematical astronomers) attempted to bridge the \"fundamental incompatibility between Ptolemaic astronomy and Aristotlian physics, and the need to preserve both\", by taking an 'instrumentalist' position. Only the handful of \"Philosophical purists like the Averroists... demanded physical consistency and thus sought for realist models.\"\n\nCopernicus was hampered by his insistence on preserving the idea that celestial bodies had to travel in perfect circles \u2014 he \"was still attached to classical ideas of circular motion around deferents and epicycles, and spheres.\" This was particularly troubling concerning the Earth because he \"attached the Earth's axis rigidly to a Sun-centered sphere. The unfortunate consequence was that the terrestrial rotation axis then maintained the same inclination with respect to the Sun as the sphere turned, eliminating the seasons.\" To explain the seasons, he had to propose a third motion, \"an annual contrary conical sweep of the terrestrial axis\". It was not until the Great Comet of 1577, which moved as if there were no spheres to crash through, that the idea was challenged. In 1609, Kepler fixed Copernicus' theory by stating that the planets orbit the sun not in circles, but ellipses. Only after Kepler's refinement of Copernicus' theory was the need for deferents and epicycles abolished.\n\nIn his work, Copernicus \"used conventional, hypothetical devices like epicycles...as all astronomers had done since antiquity. ...hypothetical constructs solely designed to 'save the phenomena' and aid computation\". Ptolemy's theory contained a hypothesis about the epicycle of Venus that was viewed as absurd if seen as anything other than a geometrical device (its brightness and distance should have varied greatly, but they don't). \"In spite of this defect in Ptolemy's theory, Copernicus' hypothesis predicts approximately the same variations.\" Because of the use of similar terms and similar deficiencies, Osiander could see \"little technical or physical truth-gain\" between one system and the other. It was this attitude towards technical astronomy that had allowed it to \"function since antiquity, despite its inconsistencies with the principles of physics and the philosophical objections of Averroists.\"\n\nWriting Ad lectorem, Osiander was influenced by Pico della Mirandola's idea that humanity \"orders [an intellectual] cosmos out of the chaos of opinions.\" From Pico's writings, Osiander \"learned to extract and synthesize insights from many sources without becoming the slavish follower of any of them.\" The effect of Pico on Osiander was tempered by the influence of Nicholas of Cusa's and his idea of coincidentia oppositorum. Rather than having Pico's focus on human effort, Osiander followed Cusa's idea that understanding the Universe and its Creator only came from divine inspiration rather than intellectual organization. From these influences, Osiander held that in the area of philosophical speculation and scientific hypothesis there are \"no heretics of the intellect\", but when one gets past speculation into truth-claims the Bible is the ultimate measure. By holding Copernicianism was mathematical speculation, Osiander held that it would be silly to hold it up against the accounts of the Bible.\n\nPico's influence on Osiander did not escape Rheticus, who reacted strongly against the Ad lectorem. As historian Robert S. Westman puts it, \"The more profound source of Rheticus's ire however, was Osiander's view of astronomy as a disciple fundamentally incapable of knowing anything with certainty. For Rheticus, this extreme position surely must have resonated uncomfortably with Pico della Mirandola's attack on the foundations of divinatory astrology.\"\n\nIn his Disputations, Pico had made a devastating attack on astrology. Because those who were making astrological predictions relied on astronomers to tell them where the planets were, they also became a target. Pico held that since astronomers who calculate planetary positions could not agree among themselves, how were they to be held as reliable? While Pico could bring into concordance writers like Aristotle, Plato, Plotinus, Averroes, Avicenna, and Aquinas, the lack of consensus he saw in astronomy was a proof to him of its fallibility alongside astrology. Pico pointed out that the astronomers' instruments were imprecise and any imperfection of even a degree made them worthless for astrology, people should not trust astrologists because they should not trust the numbers from astronomers. Pico pointed out that astronomers couldn't even tell where the Sun appeared in the order of the planets as they orbited the Earth (some put it close to the Moon, others among the planets). How, Pico asked, could astrologists possibly claim they could read what was going on when the astronomers they relied on could offer no precision on even basic questions?\n\nAs Westman points out, to Rheticus \"it would seem that Osiander now offered new grounds for endorsing Pico's conclusions: not merely was the disagreement among astronomers grounds for mistrusting the sort of knowledge that they produced, but now Osiander proclaimed that astronomers might construct a world deduced from (possibly) false premises. Thus the conflict between Piconian skepticism and secure principles for the science of the stars was built right into the complex dedicatory apparatus of De Revolutionibus itself.\" According to the notes of Michael Maestlin, \"Rheticus...became embroiled in a very bitter wrangle with the printer [over the Ad lectorem]. Rheticus...suspected Osiander had prefaced the work; if he knew this for certain, he declared, he would rough up the fellow so violently that in future he would mind his own business.\"\n\nObjecting to the Ad lectorem, Tiedemann Giese urged the Nuremberg city council to issue a correction, but this was not done, and the matter was forgotten. Jan Broscius, a supporter of Copernicus, also despaired of the Ad lectorem, writing \"Ptolemy's hypothesis is the earth rests. Copernicus' hypothesis is that the earth is in motion. Can either, therefore, be true?\u00a0... Indeed, Osiander deceives much with that preface of his\u00a0... Hence, someone may well ask: How is one to know which hypothesis is truer, the Ptolemaic or the Copernican?\"\n\nPetreius had sent a copy to Hieronymus Schreiber, an astronomer from N\u00fcrnberg who had substituted for Rheticus as professor of mathematics in Wittenberg while Rheticus was in N\u00fcrnberg supervising the printing.  Schreiber, who died in 1547, left in his copy of the book a note about Osiander's authorship. Via Michael M\u00e4stlin, this copy came to Johannes Kepler, who discovered what Osiander had done and methodically demonstrated that Osiander had indeed added the foreword. The most knowledgeable astronomers of the time had realized that the foreword was Osiander's doing.\n\nOwen Gingerich gives a slightly different version: Kepler knew of Osiander's authorship since he had read about it in one of Schreiber's annotations in his copy of De Revolutionibus; Maestlin learned of the fact from Kepler. Indeed, Maestlin perused Kepler's book, up to the point of leaving a few annotations in it. However, Maestlin already suspected Osiander, because he had bought his De revolutionibus from the widow of Philipp Apian; examining his books, he had found a note attributing the introduction to Osiander.\n\nJohannes Praetorius (1537\u20131616), who learned of Osiander's authorship from Rheticus during a visit to him in Krak\u00f3w, wrote Osiander's name in the margin of the foreword in his copy of De revolutionibus.\n\nAll three early editions of De revolutionibus included Osiander's foreword.\n\nReception\nEven before the 1543 publication of De revolutionibus, rumors circulated\nabout its central theses. Martin Luther is quoted as saying in 1539:\n\nPeople gave ear to an upstart astrologer who strove to show that the earth revolves, not the heavens or the firmament, the sun and the moon\u00a0... This fool wishes to reverse the entire science of astronomy; but sacred Scripture tells us [Joshua 10:13] that Joshua commanded the sun to stand still, and not the earth.\n\nWhen the book was finally published, demand was low, with an initial print run of 400 failing to sell out. Copernicus had made the book extremely technical, unreadable to all but the most advanced astronomers of the day, allowing it to disseminate into their ranks before stirring great controversy. And, like Osiander, contemporary mathematicians and astronomers encouraged its audience to view it as a useful mathematical model without necessarily being true about causes, thereby somewhat shielding it from accusations of blasphemy.\n\nAmong some astronomers, the book \"at once took its place as a worthy successor to the Almagest of Ptolemy, which had hitherto been the Alpha and Omega of astronomers\". Erasmus Reinhold hailed the work in 1542 and by 1551 had developed the Prutenic Tables (\"Prussian Tables\"; ; ) using Copernicus' methods. The Prutenic Tables, published in 1551, were used as a basis for the calendar reform instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. They were also used by sailors and maritime explorers, whose 15th-century predecessors had used Regiomontanus' Table of the Stars. In England, Robert Recorde, John Dee, Thomas Digges and William Gilbert were among those who adopted his position; in Germany, Christian Wurstisen, Christoph Rothmann and Michael M\u00e4stlin, the teacher of Johannes Kepler; in Italy, Giambattista Benedetti and Giordano Bruno whilst Franciscus Patricius accepted the rotation of the Earth. In Spain, rules published in 1561 for the curriculum of the University of Salamanca gave students the choice between studying Ptolemy or Copernicus. One of those students, Diego de Z\u00fa\u00f1iga, published an acceptance of Copernican theory in 1584.\n\nVery soon, nevertheless, Copernicus' theory was attacked with Scripture and with the common Aristotelian proofs. In 1549, Melanchthon, Luther's principal lieutenant, wrote against Copernicus, pointing to the theory's apparent conflict with Scripture and advocating that \"severe measures\" be taken to restrain the impiety of Copernicans.\nThe works of Copernicus and Z\u00fa\u00f1iga\u2014the latter for asserting that De revolutionibus was compatible with Catholic faith\u2014were placed on the Index of Forbidden Books by a decree of the Sacred Congregation of March 5, 1616 (more than 70 years after Copernicus' publication):\n\nThis Holy Congregation has also learned about the spreading and acceptance by many of the false Pythagorean doctrine, altogether contrary to the Holy Scripture, that the earth moves and the sun is motionless, which is also taught by Nicholaus Copernicus' De revolutionibus orbium coelestium and by Diego de Z\u00fa\u00f1iga's In Job\u00a0... Therefore, in order that this opinion may not creep any further to the prejudice of Catholic truth, the Congregation has decided that the books by Nicolaus Copernicus [De revolutionibus] and Diego de Z\u00fa\u00f1iga [In Job] be suspended until corrected.\n\nDe revolutionibus was not formally banned but merely withdrawn from circulation, pending \"corrections\" that would clarify the theory's status as hypothesis. Nine sentences that represented the heliocentric system as certain were to be omitted or changed. After these corrections were prepared and formally approved in 1620 the reading of the book was permitted. But the book was never reprinted with the changes and was available in Catholic jurisdictions only to suitably qualified scholars, by special request. It remained on the Index until 1758, when Pope Benedict XIV (1740\u201358) removed the uncorrected book from his revised Index.\n\nCensus of copies\nArthur Koestler described De revolutionibus as \"The Book That Nobody Read\" saying the book \"was and is an all-time worst seller\", despite the fact that it was reprinted four times. Owen Gingerich, a writer on both Nicolaus Copernicus and Johannes Kepler, disproved this after a 35-year project to examine every surviving copy of the first two editions. Gingerich showed that nearly all the leading mathematicians and astronomers of the time owned and read the book; however, his analysis of the marginalia shows that they almost all ignored the cosmology at the beginning of the book and were only interested in Copernicus' new equant-free models of planetary motion in the later chapters. Also, Nicolaus Reimers in 1587 translated the book into German.\n\nGingerich's efforts and conclusions are recounted in The Book Nobody Read, published in 2004 by Walker & Co. His census included 276 copies of the first edition (by comparison, there are 228 extant copies of the First Folio of Shakespeare) and 325 copies of the second. The research behind this book earned its author the Polish government's Order of Merit in 1981. Due largely to  Gingerich's scholarship, De revolutionibus has been researched and catalogued better than any other first-edition historic text except for the original Gutenberg Bible.\nOne of the copies now resides at the Archives of the University of Santo Tomas in the Miguel de Benavides Library. In January 2017, a second-edition copy was stolen as part of a heist of rare books from Heathrow Airport and remains unrecovered.\n\nEditions\n\n 1543, Nuremberg, by Johannes Petreius a copy of this is held at University of Edinburgh, owned by an astronomer, who filled the pages with scholarly annotations,  and subsequently owned by the Scottish economist Adam Smith.\n 1566, Basel, by Henricus Petrus\n 1617, Amsterdam, by Nicolaus Mulerius\n 1854, Warsaw, with Polish translation and the authentic preface by Copernicus.\n 1873, Thorn, German translation sponsored by the local Coppernicus Society, with all Copernicus' textual corrections given as footnotes.\n\nTranslations\nEnglish translations of De revolutionibus have included:\nOn the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, translated by C. G. Wallis, Annapolis, St John's College Bookstore, 1939. Republished in volume 16 of the Great Books of the Western World, Chicago, Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica, 1952; in the series of the same name, published by the Franklin Library, Franklin Center, Philadelphia, 1985; in volume 15 of the second edition of the Great Books, Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica, 1990; and Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1995, Great Minds Series \u2013 Science, .\nOn the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, translated with an introduction and notes by A. M. Duncan, Newton Abbot, David & Charles, ; New York: Barnes and Noble, 1976, .\nOn the Revolutions; translation and commentary by Edward Rosen, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992, . (Foundations of Natural History. Originally published in Warsaw, Poland, 1978.)\n\nSee also\n List of most expensive books and manuscripts\n Wittenberg interpretation of Copernicus\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nGassendi, Pierre: The Life of Copernicus, biography (1654), with notes by Olivier Thill (2002),  ()\n\n Analyses the varieties of argument used by Copernicus.\nHeilbron, J.L.: The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1999 \n\nSobel, D, A More Perfect Heaven - How Copernicus Revolutionised the Cosmos, Bloomsbury 2011.\nSwerdlow, N.M., O. Neugebauer: Mathematical astronomy in Copernicus' De revolutionibus. New York : Springer, 1984   (Studies in the history of mathematics and physical sciences ; 10)\nVermij, R.H.: The Calvinist Copernicans: The Reception of the New Astronomy in the Dutch Republic, 1575\u20131750 . Amsterdam : Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, 2002 \nWestman, R.S., ed.: The Copernican achievement. Berkeley : University of California Press, 1975  \nZinner, E.: Entstehung und Ausbreitung der coppernicanischen Lehre. 2. Aufl. durchgesehen und erg. von Heribert M. Nobis und Felix Schmeidler. M\u00fcnchen : C.H. Beck, 1988\n\nExternal links\nManuscript of De Revolutionibus by Nicolaus Copernicus, from Jagiellonian Library, Poland.\n\nDe revolutionibus orbium coelestium, from Harvard University.\nDe revolutionibus orbium coelestium, from Jagiellon University, Poland.\nDe Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium, from Rare Book Room.\nOn the Revolutions, from WebExhibits. English translation of part of Book I.\nOn the Revolutions, Warsaw-Cracow 1978. Full English translation.\nRiver Campus Libraries, Book of the Month December 2005: De revolutionibus orbium coelestium\n A facsimile of De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (1543) from the Rare Book and Special Collection Division at the Library of Congress\nDe Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (1566) From the Rare Book and Special Collection Division at the Library of Congress\nA facsimile of De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (1543) with annotations by Michael Maestlin from Stadtbibliothek Schaffhausen (Schaffhausen City Library)\n\n1543 books\n1543 in science\nHistory of astronomy\nAstronomy books\n16th-century Latin books\nMemory of the World Register\nWorks by Nicolaus Copernicus\nCopernican Revolution", "meta": {"title": "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20revolutionibus%20orbium%20coelestium", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Der Monte Mugnana ist ein  hoher Berg  im \u00f6stlichen Teil des ansonsten namenlosen Bergzuges s\u00fcd\u00f6stlich des Tales des Torrente Mangiola.\nWeiter \u00f6stlich auf dem Bergzug folgt Madonna del Monte, westlich Monte Carbone, beide oberhalb von Montereggio gelegen.\n\nMulazzo", "meta": {"title": "Monte Mugnana", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte%20Mugnana", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hilliard City School District is a public school district with its headquarters in Columbus, Ohio. The school district contains all of what was once Norwich and Brown townships. This includes Hilliard.\n\nIn 2009, Hilliard City School District was awarded the \u201cExcellent with Distinction\u201d rating by the Ohio Department of Education, which is the agency's highest rating.\n\nIn 2011,  Hilliard City School District was once again awarded with the \"Excellent with Distinction\" rating by the Ohio Department of Education.\n\nThe district operates 14 elementary schools (K-5th Grades), two sixth grade schools, three middle schools (7-8th Grades), and three high schools (9-12th grades). Thus, the district is the eighth largest in Ohio.\n\nService area\nThe district's service area has a total of about  of area, including portions of northwestern Franklin County and a portion of Union County smaller than . Within Franklin County areas served by this district include the City of Hilliard, portions of Columbus and Dublin, all of the townships of Brown and Norwich, and portions of the townships of Franklin, Prairie, and Washington.\n\nDemographics\nAs of January 2014, of the students, about 38.98% reside in the City of Hilliard. 45.65% reside in Columbus, 3.99% reside in Dublin, and 11.38% are residents of the townships.\n\nSchools\n\nElementary schools\n Alton Darby Elementary School (2140 Atlas Street, Columbus)\n Avery Elementary School (4388 Avery Rd, Hilliard)\n Beacon Elementary School (3600 Lacon Rd, Hilliard)\n Britton-Norwich Learning Campus (Britton Building K-2: 4501 Britton Rd, Hilliard) (Norwich Building 3-5: 4454 Davidson Rd, Hilliard)\n Brown Elementary School (2494 Walker Rd, Hilliard)\n Hilliard Crossing Elementary School (3340 Hilliard Rome Rd, Hilliard)\n Hilliard Horizon Elementary School (6000 Renner Rd, Columbus)\n Hoffman Trails Elementary School (4301 Hoffman Farms Dr, Hilliard)\n J.W. Reason Elementary School (4790 Cemetery Rd, Hilliard)\n Ridgewood Elementary School (4237 Dublin Rd, Hilliard)\n Scioto Darby Elementary School (5380 Scioto Darby Rd, Hilliard)\n Washington Elementary School (5675 Eiterman Rd, Dublin)\n Darby Creek Elementary School (6305 Pinefield Dr, Hilliard)\n\nSixth Grade Schools\n Hilliard Station Sixth Grade School (5600 Scioto Darby Rd, Hilliard)\n Hilliard Tharp Sixth Grade School (4681 Leap Rd, Hilliard)\n\nMiddle schools\n Hilliard Heritage Middle School (5670 Scioto Darby Rd, Hilliard)\n Hilliard Memorial Middle School (2900 Walker Rd, Hilliard)\n Hilliard Weaver Middle School (4600 Avery Rd, Hilliard)\n\nHigh schools\n Hilliard Bradley High School (2800 Walker Rd, Hilliard)\n Hilliard Darby High School (4200 Leppert Rd, Hilliard)\n Hilliard Davidson High School (5100 Davidson Rd, Hilliard)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nSchool districts in Ohio\nEducation in Franklin County, Ohio\nDublin, Ohio", "meta": {"title": "Hilliard City School District", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilliard%20City%20School%20District", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dionisio, a variant of Dionysius, may refer to:\n\nPeople\n\nGiven name\n Dionisio Lazzari (1617\u20131689), Italian sculptor and architect\n Dionisio Aguado y Garc\u00eda (1784\u20131849), Spanish classical guitarist and composer\n Papa Isio (1846\u20131911), Dionisio Magbuelas, Filipino leader of babaylanes\n Dionisio Anzilotti (1867\u20131950), Italian jurist and judge\n Dionisio Jakosalem (1878\u20131931), Filipino governor\n Dionisio Carreras (1890\u20131949), Spanish long-distance runner\n Dionisio Fern\u00e1ndez (boxer) (born 1907), Spanish boxer\n Dionisio Mej\u00eda (1907\u20131963), Mexican football forward\n Dionisio Fern\u00e1ndez (sport shooter) (born 1921), Argentine sports shooter\n Dion\u00edsio Azevedo (1922\u20131994), Brazilian actor, director, and writer\n Dionisio Romero (born 1936), Peruvian banker\n Dionisio Guti\u00e9rrez (born 1959), Guatemalan businessman\n Dionisio D'Aguilar (born 1964), Bahamian politician\n Dionisio Cimarelli (born 1965), Italian sculptor\n Dion\u00edsio (footballer, born 1970), Dion\u00edsio Domingos Rangel, Brazilian football forward\n Dionisio Cabrera (born 1986), Uruguayan football attacking midfielder\n D\u00edon\u00edsio (footballer, born 1988), D\u00edon\u00edsio de Oliveira Alves, Brazilian football defensive midfielder\n\nSurname\n John Dionisio (born 1948), American executive chairman for AECOM\n Silvia Dionisio (born 1951), Italian actress\n Joshua Dionisio (born 1994), Brazilian actor\n Simon Dionisio (born 2000), South African rugby player\n\nPlaces\n Dion\u00edsio, Minas Gerais, municipality in Brazil\n\nOther uses\n Dionisio R. De Leon Express, Philippine bus company\n\nSee also\n San Dionisio (disambiguation)", "meta": {"title": "Dionisio", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dionisio", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dead Nation es un videojuego Matamarcianos y acci\u00f3n para PlayStation 3 desarrollado por Housemarque. Fue lanzado en la PlayStation Network, el 30 de noviembre de 2010 en Am\u00e9rica del Norte, y el 10 de diciembre en Europa. Dead Nation tiene lugar en un mundo de ficci\u00f3n afectada por un apocalipsis zombi. El jugador puede jugar como un personaje masculino o femenino y luchar contra los diferentes tipos de zombis. Dead Nation fue uno de los juegos gratis dada por Sony como parte de su paquete 'Welcome Back' originado por la intrusi\u00f3n de PlayStation PlayStation intrusion.\n\nJugabilidad \nLos jugadores reciben multiplicadores de puntuaci\u00f3n y dinero al matar zombis. El dinero se utiliza para adquirir y mejorar las armas y los multiplicadores generan mejores marcadores. Cada vez que los jugadores son heridos pierden multiplicadores y salud.\n\nLos jugadores deben abrirse paso a trav\u00e9s de diez niveles, haciendo uso de tiendas de armas que permiten mejorar las armas y el cambio de piezas de la armadura (45 en total). Durante los niveles, los jugadores pueden encontrar cofres que contienen munici\u00f3n, multiplicadores, dinero o piezas de armadura. A veces los jugadores se encuentran atrapados en las zonas donde deben sobrevivir hasta que han logrado un objetivo determinado. La combinaci\u00f3n de piezas de la armadura afecta la fuerza, la resistencia y agilidad del personaje.\n\nLos zombis son atra\u00eddos por bengalas, alarmas de coches, granadas, minas explosivas, y m\u00e1quinas expendedoras as\u00ed como por explosiones o luces brillantes tales como un auto al explotar o por disparos. Los zombis pueden ser eliminados por el jugador al aprovechar riesgos ambientales en su beneficio. Los jugadores encontrar\u00e1n una gran variedad de zombis. Los jugadores pueden usar un ataque de carga cuerpo a cuerpo contra los zombis, as\u00ed como una gran variedad de armas.\n\nEl metagame permite a los jugadores seguir el progreso de su pa\u00eds en relaci\u00f3n con otros pa\u00edses, as\u00ed como ver los leaderboards locales. Al usar la PlayStation Network, los jugadores son agrupados con otros jugadores de su pa\u00eds. Cuando se erradican los zombis de un pa\u00eds, un nuevo ciclo de infecci\u00f3n comienza. El modo multijugador puede ser hecho localmente o en l\u00ednea para dos jugadores.\n\nDesarrollo \nEl motor del juego se ha caracterizado por soportar un gran n\u00famero de zombis en pantalla, as\u00ed como impresionantes efectos de iluminaci\u00f3n.\n\nRecepci\u00f3n \n\nDead Nation recibi\u00f3 comentarios positivos en su mayor\u00eda. En los sitios GameRankings y Metacritic, Dead Nation fue calificado en 78% y 77/100, respectivamente.\n\nActualizaciones \nDead Nation carec\u00eda de chat de voz en l\u00ednea en su lanzamiento, pero una actualizaci\u00f3n liberada el 10 de marzo de 2011 a\u00f1adi\u00f3 esta caracter\u00edstica. La actualizaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n incluye mejoras de la mira l\u00e1ser para armas y mejoras en la pantalla, como una indicaci\u00f3n visual cuando el medidor de carga se llena y cuando los jugadores son heridos.\n\nEl 20 de septiembre de 2011 se lanz\u00f3 una actualizaci\u00f3n, la versi\u00f3n 1.06 del juego, pero horas m\u00e1s tarde se detect\u00f3 que esta generaba problemas con los progresos de los modos campa\u00f1a (en l\u00ednea y local) borr\u00e1ndolos o resete\u00e1ndolos. Adem\u00e1s, el modo cooperativo no puede estar disponible entre la versi\u00f3n 1.04 y 1.06 debido a que genera un fallo general en la consola PS3, haciendo que esta se quede \"pegada\" y el usuario tenga que forzar su reinicio o simplemente desconectarla.\n\nEl 27 de septiembre de 2011, aparece disponible en la PlaystationStore, la expansi\u00f3n \"Road Of Devastation\". Su tem\u00e1tica consta de una serie de \"asaltos\" o \"partidas\" en las cuales el  protagonista debe hacerse paso a trav\u00e9s de diferentes caminos que se dividen en : Armadura, Salud, Suministros, Armas, Puntos Multiplicadores, Dinero. Cada camino que uno elija influir\u00e1 en la forma de la evoluci\u00f3n del personaje. Por ejemplo si se sigue el camino del \"Dinero y Salud\", podremos optar por seguir un camino que nos ser\u00e1 favorable en dinero para optimizar y comprar armas o el camino de la Salud que nos permitir\u00e1 recuperarnos. Al terminar la primera Ronda, el siguiente asalto los enemigos \"evolucionaran\" en sus estad\u00edsticas, apareciendo en mayor n\u00famero, incrementando su da\u00f1o, su fuerza, resistencia, etc. por un tema de estrategia el camino que se tom\u00f3 en el primero asalto NO estar\u00e1 disponible en el siguiente, bloqueando el paso cuando  que se avance en el Segundo. As\u00ed que debes estudiar las posibilidades y armar tu \"camino\" a la victoria.\n\nUna vez que te matan, la partida acaba. Si vas en Co-op y tu compa\u00f1ero muere, puedes revivirlo en el siguiente checkpoint de la ruta que estas siguiendo y recuerda que solo aparecer\u00e1n \u00edtems recuperativos de salud, en el \"camino de la salud\".\n\nLas Armaduras las desbloqueas y configuras cada vez que pasas por el  \"camino de las armaduras\", ese es el \u00fanico lugar que las puedes elegir para aumentar tu defensa.\n\nLas Armas con las que partes son el Rifle B\u00e1sico y el Subfusil, m\u00e1s 2 bengalas, optimizables SOLO en \"el camino de las armas\" y en este punto cada vez que llegues tienes la posibilidad de elegir una arma para desbloquear y poder utilizar (lanzagranadas, conmocionador, etc.).Al comenzar los Asaltos, podr\u00e1s optimizar tus armas y comprar municiones.\nSe agregan Cercos conectados a generadores, los cuales freir\u00e1n a nuestros enemigos, afect\u00e1ndonos tambi\u00e9n si nos encontramos en la zona de la descarga.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n Official SCEE site\n\nVideojuegos de 2010\nVideojuegos de PlayStation Network\nVideojuegos de Sony Interactive Entertainment\nVideojuegos desarrollados en Finlandia\nVideojuegos de muertos vivientes\nVideojuegos de disparos\nVideojuegos con protagonistas femeninas\nVideojuegos de un solo jugador y de multijugador", "meta": {"title": "Dead Nation", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead%20Nation", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jankowice \u2013 wie\u015b w Polsce po\u0142o\u017cona w wojew\u00f3dztwie ma\u0142opolskim, w powiecie chrzanowskim, w gminie Babice.\n\nW latach 1975\u20131998 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 nale\u017ca\u0142a administracyjnie do wojew\u00f3dztwa katowickiego.\n\nMiejscowo\u015b\u0107 Jankowice, jest po\u0142o\u017cona odleg\u0142o\u015bci 4\u00a0km na po\u0142udnie od Nadwi\u015bla\u0144skiego Parku Etnograficznego i wzg\u00f3rza Lipowiec w miejscowo\u015bci Wygie\u0142z\u00f3w (wojew\u00f3dztwo ma\u0142opolskie). Na wzg\u00f3rzu tym znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 ruiny XIII-wiecznego zamku, u st\u00f3p wzg\u00f3rza Lipowiec w wy\u017cej wymienionym parku, prezentuje si\u0119 budownictwo Krakowiak\u00f3w Zachodnich (od Krakowa. Jankowice le\u017c\u0105 jeden kilometr na p\u00f3\u0142noc od Wis\u0142y, naprzeciw uj\u015bcia rzeki Skawy. Na Wi\u015ble jest zbudowany pr\u00f3g wodny oraz most prowadz\u0105cy drog\u0105 do Zatora. Od strony zachodniej Jankowice otoczone s\u0105 lasem sosnowym i \u015bwierkowym si\u0119gaj\u0105cym okolic Libi\u0105\u017ca. \n\nWed\u0142ug legendy osada powsta\u0142a w \u015bredniowieczu i zosta\u0142a za\u0142o\u017cona przez trzech ocala\u0142ych m\u0119\u017cczyzn o imieniu Jan. W przesz\u0142o\u015bci wie\u015b nale\u017ca\u0142a do klucza lipowieckiego. W latach po II wojnie \u015bwiatowej Jankowice liczy\u0142y ok. 180 gospodarstw zamieszka\u0142ych przez 800 os\u00f3b. Ludno\u015b\u0107 trudni\u0142a si\u0119 rolnictwem, kt\u00f3re by\u0142o bardzo rozdrobnione. Du\u017ca cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 os\u00f3b doje\u017cd\u017ca\u0142a do pracy w kopalniach w\u0119gla w Libi\u0105\u017cu, Jaworznie, w fabryce materia\u0142\u00f3w ogniotrwa\u0142ych Stella w Chrzanowie oraz fabryki lokomotyw Fablok w Chrzanowie. Ponadto na du\u017c\u0105 skal\u0119 wyplatano wyroby wikliniarskie.\n\nW miejscowo\u015bci funkcjonuje rzymskokatolicki rektorat Matki Bo\u017cej Fatimskiej.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n Jankowice, Jankowice Ma\u0142e, Jankowice Rybnickie, Jankowice Wielkie\n\nPrzypisy \n\nWsie w powiecie chrzanowskim", "meta": {"title": "Jankowice (powiat chrzanowski)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jankowice%20%28powiat%20chrzanowski%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Stenadonta cyttarosticta is een vlinder uit de familie van de tandvlinders (Notodontidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1895 door Hampson.\n\nTandvlinders", "meta": {"title": "Stenadonta cyttarosticta", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenadonta%20cyttarosticta", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Baldred Rock \u00e4r en kulle i Antarktis. Den ligger i Sydorkney\u00f6arna. Argentina och Storbritannien g\u00f6r anspr\u00e5k p\u00e5 omr\u00e5det. Toppen p\u00e5 Baldred Rock \u00e4r  meter \u00f6ver havet, eller  meter \u00f6ver den omgivande terr\u00e4ngen. Bredden vid basen \u00e4r  km. Baldred Rock ligger p\u00e5 \u00f6n Laurie.\n\nTerr\u00e4ngen runt Baldred Rock \u00e4r huvudsakligen kuperad, men den allra n\u00e4rmaste omgivningen \u00e4r platt. Havet \u00e4r n\u00e4ra Baldred Rock \u00f6sterut. Den h\u00f6gsta punkten i n\u00e4rheten \u00e4r Ross Peaks,  meter \u00f6ver havet,  kilometer v\u00e4ster om Baldred Rock. Trakten \u00e4r obefolkad. Det finns inga samh\u00e4llen i n\u00e4rheten.\n\nKommentarer\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nKullar i Antarktis\nSydorkney\u00f6arna\nStorbritanniens anspr\u00e5k i Antarktis\nArgentinas anspr\u00e5k i Antarktis\nBerg i Antarktis 200 meter \u00f6ver havet eller h\u00f6gre", "meta": {"title": "Baldred Rock", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldred%20Rock", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Francesco Kardinal Morano (* 8. Juni 1872 in Caivano, Provinz Neapel, Italien; \u2020 12. Juli 1968 im Vatikan) war ein Kurienkardinal der r\u00f6misch-katholischen Kirche.\n\nLeben \nFrancesco Morano schloss seine theologischen, philosophischen und naturwissenschaftlichen Studien in Aversa und Rom mit Promotionen in Philosophie, Katholischer Theologie, Kanonischem Recht, Zivilrecht und Physik ab.\n\nEr empfing am 10. August 1897 das Sakrament der Priesterweihe und arbeitete nach weiterf\u00fchrenden Studien ab 1900 als Assistent am Vatikanischen Observatorium. Von 1903 bis 1925 stand er als Verwaltungsmitarbeiter in Diensten der Kurie.\n\nPapst Benedikt XV. verlieh Francesco Morano 1918 den Titel eines P\u00e4pstlichen Geheimk\u00e4mmerers und ernannte ihn 1921 zum Referendar des Obersten Gerichtshofs der Apostolischen Signatur. Papst Pius XI. \u00fcbertrug ihm 1935 das Amt des Sekret\u00e4rs beim Obersten Gerichtshof der Apostolischen Signatur, das er bis ins Jahr 1962 aus\u00fcbte.\n\nPapst Johannes XXIII. nahm ihn am 14. Dezember 1959 als Kardinaldiakon mit der Titeldiakonie Santi Cosma e Damiano in das Kardinalskollegium auf und spendete ihm 1962 nach der Ernennung zum Titularerzbischof von Fallaba die Bischofsweihe; Mitkonsekratoren waren die Kardin\u00e4le Giuseppe Pizzardo und Benedetto Aloisi Masella. Francesco Morano nahm am Konklave des Jahres 1963, das Paul VI. als Papst w\u00e4hlte, sowie am Zweiten Vatikanischen Konzil teil.\n\nEr starb am 12. Juli 1968 mit 96 Jahren im Vatikan und wurde in Aversa bestattet. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt war er der \u00e4lteste Kardinal der Welt.\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n\nKardinal (20. Jahrhundert)\nKonzilsvater (Zweites Vatikanisches Konzil)\nTitularerzbischof\nR\u00f6misch-katholischer Bischof (20. Jahrhundert)\nR\u00f6misch-katholischer Theologe (20. Jahrhundert)\nP\u00e4pstlicher Geheimk\u00e4mmerer\nItaliener\nGeboren 1872\nGestorben 1968\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Francesco Morano", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco%20Morano", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Verheyen est un nom de famille n\u00e9erlandais ou flamand :\n\n Carl Verheyen, un guitariste am\u00e9ricain.\n Geert Verheyen, un coureur cycliste ;\n Gert Verheyen, un footballeur belge ;\n Jan Verheyen, un footballeur belge ;\n Jan Verheyen, un r\u00e9alisateur belge ;\n Johannes Baptista Verheyen, homme politique n\u00e9erlandais ;\n Maarten Verheyen, coureur cycliste belge ;\n Philip Verheyen, chirurgien belge du  ;\n Pieter Verheyen, un compositeur flamand ;\n Ren\u00e9 Verheyen, un footballeur belge ;\n Ren\u00e9 Karel Verheyen, un biologiste belge.\n\nHomonymie de patronyme", "meta": {"title": "Verheyen", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verheyen", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0418\u0432 \u041a\u0430\u043f (, 1 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1960, \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u044f)\u00a0\u2014 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0421\u0428\u0410.\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u041c\u0430\u0442\u044c\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e-\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0446\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e-\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0423\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435 (1981\u20141983), \u0432 1982 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u0418\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u043a-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u041e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0412\u044b\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432 (, 1986). \u0421\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u044b, \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043f\u044b, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435.\n\n\u0416\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0435, \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435, \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438.\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n 1997\u00a0\u2014 \u041c\u043e\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 / Ma vie en rose (\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440)\n 1998\u00a0\u2014 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430 / Le mur (\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440)\n 1999\u00a0\u2014 \u0427\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c / L\u2019humanit\u00e9 (\u0411\u0440\u044e\u043d\u043e \u0414\u044e\u043c\u043e\u043d, \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443)\n 2000\u00a0\u2014 \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430 / Le dernier r\u00eave (\u042d\u043c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u044d\u043b\u044c \u0416\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0412\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f \u0432 \u0410\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043d\u0435)\n 2004\u00a0\u2014 \u041f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0448\u043e\u043a / Mua len trau (\u041c\u0438\u043d \u041d\u0433\u0443\u0435\u043d-\u0412\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f Asia-Pacific \u0437\u0430 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443)\n 2006\u00a0\u2014 \u0424\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u044f/ Flandres (\u0411\u0440\u044e\u043d\u043e \u0414\u044e\u043c\u043e\u043d)\n 2009\u00a0\u2014 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b / White Material (\u041a\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u0414\u0435\u043d\u0438)\n 2009\u00a0\u2014 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 / Pers\u00e9cution (\u041f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0441 \u0428\u0435\u0440\u043e)\n 2009\u00a0\u2014 \u0425\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0445/ Hadewijch (\u0411\u0440\u044e\u043d\u043e \u0414\u044e\u043c\u043e\u043d)\n 2011\u00a0\u2014 Hors Satan (\u0411\u0440\u044e\u043d\u043e \u0414\u044e\u043c\u043e\u043d)\n 2011\u00a0\u2014 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a (\u0414\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043e)\n 2011\u00a0\u2014 \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u0424\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0411\u0435\u0433\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440)\n 2012\u00a0\u2014 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u00bb / Holly Motors (\u041b\u0435\u043e \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0441)\n 2013\u00a0\u2014 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445\u0438\u043d\u044f (\u0413\u0438\u0439\u043e\u043c \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0443)\n 2017\u00a0\u2014 \u0414\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0410\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043b\u044c (\u041c\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e)\n 2018\u00a0\u2014 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 (\u0421\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438\u043a \u041a\u0430\u043d)\n 2020\u00a0\u2014 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a (\u041c\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e)\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\n \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432 \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\n\n\u041a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u0438\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432 1960 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0430\u043f, \u0418\u0432", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%2C%20%D0%98%D0%B2", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The politics of Seychelles have historical roots in both one-party socialism and autocratic rule. Following independence from the United Kingdom in 1976, Seychelles was a sovereign republic until 1977, when the original President and leader of the Seychelles Democratic Party, James Mancham, was overthrown in a bloodless coup by the Prime Minister France-Albert Ren\u00e9. Ren\u00e9 installed a single-party socialist state under the Seychelles People's Progressive Front which remained in place until 1993, when multiparty elections took place for the first time since independence. Modern day Seychelles governance takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Seychelles is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly.\n\nPolitical history\n\nPre-independence political movements \nWhile under British colonization, the people of the Seychelles had little to no say in how they were governed. Following the end of World War I, however, this began to change. The first political movement in the Seychelles was the Planters Association, which came into existence around 1918. In addition to the movement of the Planters Association, workers in the Seychelles petitioned the government about their poor working conditions and tax structure, which led to some proposed reform by the governor at the time, Governor Sir Arthur Grimble. Ultimately though, these reforms did not go into action, as the beginning of World War II put everything on hold.\n\nThe Planters Association was primarily focused on the interests of rich, white landowners and not the workers whom they employed. The League of Coloured Peoples formed as a result, and demanded minimum wage laws and health care reform.\n\nThe first actual political party, the Taxpayers Association, was not formed until 1939. This Taxpayers Association was also an organization primarily made up of rich white landowners, so its goals were, again, purely the advancement of their personal interests and the interests of the plantocracy.\n\n1948 marked the first year in which Seychelles enjoyed any sort of suffrage, but it was limited only to literate property owners, which made up just 2,000 people in a population of over 36,000. As a result of the first elections in 1948, most representatives on the new Legislative Council were members of either the Planters' or Taxpayers' organizations.\n\nIn 1964, the Socialist Seychelles People's United Party (SPUP) was formed. Led by London-educated lawyer France Albert Rene, they campaigned on a platform of autonomy from Britain. Another London-educated lawyer, James Mancham headed the Seychelles Democratic Party (SDP), which was created the same year, and by contrast wanted closer integration with Britain. Early elections between these two parties seemed in part based on the personal rivalry between these two leaders.\n\nAs a result of the 1967 elections, the first elections under universal adult suffrage, each party gained three seats in the legislature. Mancham's SDP retained a single-seat lead in the legislature, despite the SPUP having a slight margin of victory in number of votes. This result was met with protests and strikes by supporters of the SPUP throughout the following year.\n\n1970 brought constitutional revisions to the colonial government of Seychelles, instituting a smaller-scale parliamentary system, but leaving plurality voting for the single-member districts. In the following elections in both 1970 and 1974, Mancham gained a small majority in votes, but a large one in seats, through a voting system which relied on the principle of \"first past the post\". Specifically in the 1974 elections, Mancham's SDP won a disproportionate amount of seats, 13 out of 15, with just barely over half of the vote.\n\nSocial unrest was rampant during this period, with strikes and protests, as well as bombings in 1972, all attributed to the SPUP. While this was partially attributable to the issues faced with the voting system, tensions regarding independence and rumored political repression and jailing of SPUP activists was also a factor.\n\nIn June 1975, the SDP and SPUP began a coalition government in order to negotiate independence with Britain. The British Government was asked to appoint an electoral review commission so that differences in opinion on legislative makeup and representation could be reconciled. An informal agreement between the two parties was reached, and ten seats were added to the Legislative Assembly, five to be nominated by each party. A cabinet of ministers also was formed consisting of eight members of the DP and four of the SPUP, with Chief Minister Mancham becoming prime minister.\n\nIndependence\nAlthough Mancham's SDP had initially opposed independence, public opinion on the island heavily favored it, and on June 29, 1976, the British officially granted independence to the Seychelles. Mancham was named the new president, and Ren\u00e9 became prime minister. The new government kept the original distribution of seats per their 1975 agreement. Each party agreed to a \"grand coalition\" until 1979, when the next elections would take place.\n\nLess than one year after independence, on 5 June 1977, the SPUP overthrew the newly formed government in a bloodless coup while Mancham was overseas at a Commonwealth conference in London. Ren\u00e9 initially denied involvement, but eventually took responsibility as leader of the SPUP. This coup was claimed to have been to prevent the establishment of a one-party state, but likely was more motivated by the SPUP's lack of representation in the newly formed legislature.\u00a0Following the coup, Ren\u00e9 was installed as president and ruled by proclamation for the next two years, before imposing a new constitution in 1979 without referendum. During this period, the SPUP was formally renamed the Seychelles People's Progressive Front, and became the sole ruling party of the new single-party socialist state.\u00a0New elections were also called in 1979, and Rene was formally elected President of Seychelles.\n\nOne-party socialism \n\nOne-party socialism was established in the Seychelles in 1979 by France-Albert Rene and his SPUP, and ended in 1991. During this time the state built one of Africa's highest gross domestic products per capita.\n\nReturn to multiparty system\nAfter almost sixteen years of one-party rule, President Rene announced a return to the multiparty system of government at an Extraordinary Congress of the ruling Seychelles People's Progressive Front (SPPF) on 4 December 1991. On 27 December 1991, the Constitution of Seychelles was amended to allow for the registration of political parties. Among the exiles returning to Seychelles was James Mancham, who returned in April 1992 to revive his party, the Democratic Party (DP). By the end of that month, eight political parties had registered to contest the first stage of the transition process: election to the Constitutional Commission, which took place on 23\u201326 July 1992.\n\nThe Constitutional Commission was made up of twenty two elected members, fourteen from the SPPF and eight from the DP. It commenced work on 27 August 1992 with both President Rene and Mancham calling for national reconciliation and consensus on a new democratic constitution. A consensus text was agreed upon on 7 May 1993 and a referendum to approve it called for 15\u201318 June. The draft was approved with 73.9% of the electorate in favor of it and 24.1% against.\n\n23\u201326 July 1993 saw the first multiparty presidential and legislative elections held under the new constitution, as well as a resounding victory for President Rene. Three political groups contested the elections\u2014the SPPF, the DP, and the United Opposition (UO)\u2014a coalition of three smaller political parties, including Parti Seselwa. Two other smaller opposition parties threw in their lot with the DP. All participating parties and international observer groups accepted the results as \"free and fair.\"\n\nThree candidates again contested the 1998 presidential election: Albert Rene (SPPF), James Mancham (DP), and Wavel Ramkalawan. Again, President Rene and his SPPF party enjoyed a landslide victory. The President's vote in the 20\u201322 March elections jumped to 66.6% from 59.5% in 1993, while the SPPF garnered 61.7% of the total votes cast in the National Assembly election, compared to 56.5% in 1993.\n\nThe twenty-first century\nEarly elections originally set for 2003 were called in August/September 2001. The Government Party SPPF again prevailed, although the main Opposition Party, Seychelles National Party (previously known as the United Opposition Party) headed by Wavel Ramkalawan, made a surprisingly strong showing and collected 46% of the total votes. The DP, headed by Mancham, did not take part in the elections.\n\nIn April 2004, Rene retired as president, passing the office to his vice president, James Michel. At the next presidential election in July 2006, Michel polled 53.7% of valid votes, Wavel Ramkalawan 45.7% and Phillip Boulle 0.6%. In the May 2007 National Assembly elections, Seychelles People's Progressive Front took 56.2% of votes and Seychelles National Party in coalition with Seychelles Democratic Party took 43.8%. This gave SPPF 18 directly elected seats plus 5 nominated, total 23 seats with the SNP/DP coalition taking 7 directly elected plus 4 nominated, total 11 seats. The former vice-president, Danny Faure, was sworn in as president in October 2016, following the surprise resignation of James Michel.\n\nThe new National Assembly building on Ile du Port, Victoria opened in 2009. The building was partly financed by the Government of China.\n\nWavel Ramkalawan is the current President of Seychelles, and was elected in October 2020. Anglican priest Wavel Ramkalawan defeated President Danny Faure by 54.9% to 43.5%. The opposition took power in the Seychelles for the first time since 1977, following its victory in the presidential election.\n\nThe election of the National Assembly was held on the 22\u201324 October 2020. The Seychelles National Party, the Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy and the Seychelles United Party formed a coalition, Linyon Demokratik Seselwa (LDS). LDS won 25 and former ruling party United Seychelles (US) 10 seats of the 35 seats of the National Assembly.\n\nExecutive branch\n\n|President\n|Wavel Ramkalawan\n|LDS\n|26 October 2020\n|}\n\nThe President of Seychelles, who is both head of state and head of government, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term of office, and can be re-elected only once.\n\nThe cabinet is presided over and appointed by the President, subject to the approval of a majority of the legislature.\n\nLegislative branch\nThe National Assembly/Assembl\u00e9e Nationale has 34 members, elected for a term of five years, 25 members elected in single-seat constituencies and 9 members elected by proportional representation.\n\nPolitical parties and elections\n\nPresidential elections\n\nParliamentary elections\n\nAdministrative divisions\nSeychelles is divided in 25 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Royale, Au Cap, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, English River, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), Inner Islands, Les mamelles, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe Larue, Port Glaud, Roche Caiman, Saint Louis, Takamaka.\n\nInternational organization participation\n\nAgence de Coop\u00e9ration Culturelle et Technique, ACP, AfDB, African Union, Commonwealth of Nations, ECA, FAO, Group of 77, IBRD, ICAO, International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, IFAD, International Finance Corporation, IFRCS, International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, International Maritime Organization, InOC, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, International Organization for Standardization (correspondent), International Trade Union Confederation, Non-Aligned Movement, OPCW, Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA), Southern African Development Community, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UPU, World Health Organization, WMO, WToO, WTrO (applicant).\n\nReferences", "meta": {"title": "Politics of Seychelles", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics%20of%20Seychelles", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Leptocarpus denmarkicus is a species of plant in the Restionaceae (rush) family, endemic to Western Australia.\n\nIt was first described in 1943 by Karl Suessenguth as Meeboldina denmarkica. However, in 2014, the genus Leptocarpus was expanded by Barbara Briggs to include Meeboldina and the species name became Leptocarpus denmarkicus.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nLeptocarpus denmarkicus: images & occurrence data from the Atlas of Living Australia\n\nRestionaceae\nEndemic flora of Western Australia\nTaxa named by Karl Suessenguth\nPlants described in 1943", "meta": {"title": "Leptocarpus denmarkicus", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptocarpus%20denmarkicus", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Haliotis jacnensis, common name Jacna abalone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Haliotidae, the abalones.\n\nDescription\nThe shell size varies between 7\u00a0mm and 25\u00a0mm. The oblong-ovate shell is spirally peculiarly rudely ridged. The ridges are very irregular and rather scaly, somewhat smooth next the perforations which are slightly tubiferous and distant. The coloration is reddish-orange. The interior surface is silvery. This is a very characteristic species, to which there is little or no approximation in any other.\n\nSubspecies\n Haliotis jacnensis jacnensis Reeve, 1846\n Haliotis jacnensis kershawi Owen, 2012\n\nDistribution\nThis species is distributed in the Western Pacific Ocean.\n\nReferences\n\n Geiger D.L. & Poppe G.T. (2000). A Conchological Iconography: The family Haliotidae. Conchbooks, Hackenheim Germany. 135pp 83pls.\n Geiger D.L. & Owen B. (2012) Abalone: Worldwide Haliotidae. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. viii + 361 pp. [29 February 2012] page(s): 53\n\nExternal links\n \n\njacnensis\nMolluscs of the Pacific Ocean\nGastropods described in 1846\nTaxa named by Lovell Augustus Reeve", "meta": {"title": "Haliotis jacnensis", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haliotis%20jacnensis", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Copa Coliseo 1998 (llamada comercialmente COORS LIGHT Coliseum Cup por motivos de patrocinio) es la primera edici\u00f3n de la Copa Coliseo, es un torneo amistoso.\n\nSistema de Competencia\nSe celebr\u00f3 entre el 15 de julio y 11 de noviembre.\nEl torneo empieza desde la ronda de grupo. Los 4 primeros equipos jugaran las semifinales, y los perdedores juegan un partido por el tercer y cuarto puesto, mientras que los ganadores disputan el partido final, donde el vencedor obtiene la Copa Coliseo.\n\nParticipantes\n  Guadalajara\n  Cruz Azul\n  Pumas UNAM\n  Comunicaciones\n  Luis \u00c1ngel Firpo\n  Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata\n\nTorneo\n\nFase de Grupos\n\nPartidos\n\nFase Final\n\nSemifinal\n\nFinal\n\nReferencias\nhttp://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/coliseo98.html", "meta": {"title": "Copa Coliseo 1998", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copa%20Coliseo%201998", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "O Tuf\u00e3o Pongsona foi o \u00faltimo tuf\u00e3o da temporada de tuf\u00f5es no Pac\u00edfico de 2002 e foi o segundo desastre mais caro dos Estados Unidos em 2002, atr\u00e1s apenas do furac\u00e3o Lili. O nome \"Pongsona\" foi contribu\u00eddo pela Coreia do Norte para a lista de ciclones tropicais no Pac\u00edfico e \u00e9 o nome coreano para o b\u00e1lsamo de jardim. Pongsona desenvolveu-se em 2 de dezembro a partir de uma \u00e1rea de mau tempo e intensificou-se continuamente at\u00e9 atingir o status de tuf\u00e3o em 5 de dezembro. Em 8 de dezembro, passou pelo Guam e pelas Ilhas Marianas do Norte, enquanto estava perto de seus ventos de pico de 175 km/h (110 mph 10 -min). Por fim em 11 de dezembro, virou-se para o nordeste, enfraqueceu e se tornou extratropical.\nO tuf\u00e3o Pongsona produziu fortes rajadas de vento com pico de 290 km/h (183 mph 1 minuto), que deixaram toda a ilha de Guam sem energia e destruiu cerca de 1.300 casas. Com fortes padr\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o e experi\u00eancia de repetidos desembarques de tuf\u00f5es, n\u00e3o houve mortes diretamente relacionadas a Pongsona, embora tenha havido uma morte indireta por vidro voando. Os danos na ilha totalizaram mais de US $ 730 milh\u00f5es (US $ 2002), fazendo de Pongsona um dos cinco tuf\u00f5es mais caros da ilha. O tuf\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m causou grandes danos na Rota e em outras partes das Ilhas Marianas do Norte e, como resultado do impacto, o nome foi retirado.\n\nHist\u00f3ria meteorol\u00f3gica \n\nDurante o final de novembro, uma \u00e1rea de convec\u00e7\u00e3o persistiu cerca de 625 quil\u00f4metros (390 mi) leste-sudeste de Pohnpei. As imagens de sat\u00e9lite indicaram um amplo giro cicl\u00f4nico nos n\u00edveis mais baixos da atmosfera, e um vale foi localizado pr\u00f3ximo \u00e0 superf\u00edcie. O dist\u00farbio desenvolveu bandas de chuva e gradualmente se tornou mais bem organizado. Em 2 de dezembro, o sistema tinha uma circula\u00e7\u00e3o de baixo n\u00edvel alongada, localizada ao sul da convec\u00e7\u00e3o. \u00c0s 06:00 Naquele dia UTC, a Ag\u00eancia Meteorol\u00f3gica do Jap\u00e3o (JMA) classificou o sistema como uma depress\u00e3o tropical de cerca de 735 km (450 mi) leste-nordeste de Pohnpei. Pouco tempo depois, o Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) emitiu um alerta de forma\u00e7\u00e3o de ciclone tropical, e em 1800 UTC em 2 de dezembro, a ag\u00eancia classificou o sistema como Depress\u00e3o Tropical 31W. Inicialmente, a depress\u00e3o mudou para oeste-noroeste, e no in\u00edcio de dezembro 3 o JTWC classificou o sistema como uma tempestade tropical.\n\nInicialmente, a circula\u00e7\u00e3o foi exposta a partir da convec\u00e7\u00e3o, embora tenha sido capaz de se intensificar na tempestade tropical Pongsona em 1200 UTC em 3 de dezembro enquanto localizado 375 km (230 mi) a nordeste de Pohnpei. Virou para oeste em dezembro 4, devido a uma crista ao norte. Ele se intensificou lentamente, desenvolvendo uma caracter\u00edstica ocular em dezembro 5 Naquele dia, tanto o JTWC quanto o JMA elevaram Pongsona a um tuf\u00e3o por volta de 1150 km (715 mi) sudeste de Guam.\n\nEnquanto continuava geralmente para o oeste, o olho de Pongsona gradualmente se tornou mais organizado. Um ciclone barocl\u00ednico a leste do Jap\u00e3o enfraqueceu a crista, o que fez com que o tuf\u00e3o se voltasse mais para o noroeste. No final de 7 de dezembro, Pongsona desenvolveu um 55 bem definido km (35 mi) olhos bem abertos ao se aproximar de Guam. Depois que o tuf\u00e3o passou por um r\u00e1pido aprofundamento, o JTWC estimou que Pongsona atingiu o pico de ventos de 273 km/h (150 mph1 minuto sustentado ), tornando-o um supertif\u00e3o. \u00c0s 05:00 UTC em 8 de dezembro, a parede do olho atingiu Guam e, duas horas depois, a por\u00e7\u00e3o norte da parede do olho cruzou a vizinha Rota. Naquela \u00e9poca, a JMA estimou que Pongsona atingiu um pico de intensidade de 175 km/h (110 ventos de10 min mph) ao norte de Guam. O tuf\u00e3o virou para o norte-noroeste atrav\u00e9s de uma fraqueza na crista subtropical a uma curta dist\u00e2ncia a oeste das Ilhas Marianas do Norte. Em 9 de dezembro, a convec\u00e7\u00e3o come\u00e7ou a enfraquecer quando Pongsona come\u00e7ou a interagir com um sistema de latitude m\u00e9dia ao norte. O ar seco foi arrastado na por\u00e7\u00e3o sudoeste da circula\u00e7\u00e3o, e a circula\u00e7\u00e3o ficou exposta pela convec\u00e7\u00e3o decrescente. Como resultado, tanto o JTWC quanto o JMA declararam Pongsona como um ciclone extratropical em 11 de dezembro por volta de 1400 km (865 mi) a noroeste da Ilha Wake.\n\nO Servi\u00e7o Meteorol\u00f3gico Nacional de Guam emitiu um alerta de tempestade tropical para as Ilhas Marshall logo depois que Pongsona se transformou em tempestade tropical, e um dia depois foram emitidos rel\u00f3gios para Chuuk. Em 5 de dezembro, o servi\u00e7o emitiu avisos de tempestade tropical para partes dos Estados Federados da Micron\u00e9sia. Como Pongsona se tornou um tuf\u00e3o, o escrit\u00f3rio do Servi\u00e7o Nacional de Meteorologia de Guam emitiu um alerta de tuf\u00e3o para Guam, Rota, Saipan e Tinian, que foi atualizado para um aviso de tuf\u00e3o por volta de 23 horas antes do in\u00edcio dos ventos com for\u00e7a de tempestade tropical; avisos de tuf\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m foram emitidos para a ilha despovoada de Aguigan. Um dia antes do tuf\u00e3o se espalhar pelas Ilhas Marianas, o JTWC previu que Pongsona passaria bem a leste da \u00e1rea. Apesar de uma trilha mais para o oeste do que o previsto, as previs\u00f5es permaneceram estagnadas at\u00e9 a manh\u00e3 de 8 de dezembro, quando os meteorologistas previram com relut\u00e2ncia uma amea\u00e7a muito maior para as Ilhas Marianas. Como resultado, muitos cidad\u00e3os se sentiram com falta de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o e insuficientemente avisados para o tuf\u00e3o.\n\nNove abrigos nas Ilhas Marianas do Norte foram abertos para acomodar fam\u00edlias que precisam de assist\u00eancia. V\u00e1rias escolas abriram salas de aula como centros de evacua\u00e7\u00e3o. Em Guam, dez escolas foram usadas como abrigos, e no dia do impacto 2.271 as pessoas estavam em abrigos. Na Rota, 159 pessoas procuraram abrigo e, em Saipan, 549 estavam em abrigos no dia do impacto. Os funcion\u00e1rios do Hospital Guam Memorial aconselharam todas as mulheres gr\u00e1vidas dentro de 32 semanas ap\u00f3s a data de entrega para o check-in. O Escrit\u00f3rio de Defesa Civil de Guam entrou com a papelada para a Ag\u00eancia Federal de Gerenciamento de Emerg\u00eancias declarar a ilha uma \u00e1rea de desastre. O governador Carl TC Gutierrez tomou medidas semelhantes para declarar o estado de emerg\u00eancia para a \u00e1rea.  Seguindo a experi\u00eancia de tuf\u00f5es anteriores, o jornal Pacific Daily News de Guam se preparou para fornecer atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es na Internet para a tempestade, incluindo o refor\u00e7o do pr\u00e9dio, a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o de suprimentos de comida suficientes para a equipe e o envio de dois rep\u00f3rteres em outros lugares da ilha; o jornal foi a \u00fanica fonte imediata de informa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o tuf\u00e3o fora de Guam.\n\nNo in\u00edcio de sua dura\u00e7\u00e3o, Pongsona afetou Pohnpei pela primeira vez como uma tempestade tropical. L\u00e1, produziu fortes chuvas e rajadas de vento, embora poucos danos tenham sido relatados. Mais tarde, trouxe ventos com for\u00e7a de tempestade tropical para Chuuk. As altas ondas da tempestade atingiram e cobriram alguns at\u00f3is.\n\nGuam \n\nO tuf\u00e3o Pongsona manteve um olho de 65 km (40 mi) di\u00e2me\u00eatro  ao cruzar a por\u00e7\u00e3o norte da ilha de Guam; a Base da For\u00e7a A\u00e9rea de Andersen ficou no olho por duas horas. Os ventos sustentados do tuf\u00e3o atingiram o pico em 232 km/h (144 mph) com rajadas chegando a 278 km/h (173 mph); rajadas de pelo menos 160 km/h (100 mph) afetaram toda a ilha. A press\u00e3o mais baixa na ilha foi 935 milibares (27,61 inHg ), fazendo de Pongsona o terceiro tuf\u00e3o mais intenso a atingir Guam; est\u00e1 atr\u00e1s de apenas um tuf\u00e3o em 1900 (926 mbar, 27,34 inHg) e Tuf\u00e3o Karen de 1962 (932 mbar, 27,52 inHg).\n\nAs comunica\u00e7\u00f5es na ilha falharam devido aos ventos; toda a ilha ficou sem energia e servi\u00e7o telef\u00f4nico. Os ventos danificaram bastante 715 postes de energia e 513 transformadores, deixando cerca de US $ 52 milh\u00f5es em danos el\u00e9tricos relatado (2002 USD). O link de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o do escrit\u00f3rio meteorol\u00f3gico local foi cortado depois que uma inunda\u00e7\u00e3o danificou uma instala\u00e7\u00e3o de telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, causando o Servi\u00e7o Meteorol\u00f3gico Nacional em Honolulu, Hava\u00ed, para temporariamente fornecer suporte alternativo emitindo alertas e avisos. Muitos anem\u00f4metros perto da costa norte falharam com os ventos. Os ventos derrubaram v\u00e1rias paredes no Hospital Memorial Guam, resultando em grandes danos ao longo dos dois ter\u00e7os do norte das instala\u00e7\u00f5es e v\u00e1rias unidades sendo fechadas . V\u00e1rios hot\u00e9is, igrejas e escolas sofreram danos moderados, e o Aeroporto Internacional Antonio B. Won Pat sofreu danos ao equipamento de navega\u00e7\u00e3o. O tuf\u00e3o Pongsona tamb\u00e9m deixou 65% dos po\u00e7os de \u00e1gua da ilha inoper\u00e1vel, com a maior parte de Guam sem servi\u00e7o de \u00e1gua ap\u00f3s a tempestade. Autoridades estimam que o tuf\u00e3o destruiu 1.300 casas, danificou gravemente 1.825 e danificou levemente 4.800.\n\nSeguindo lentamente pelo centro da ilha, as intensas bandas de chuva internas lan\u00e7aram fortes chuvas que chegaram ao pico de 650 mm (25,61 em) na Universidade de Guam. A precipita\u00e7\u00e3o levou a um fluxo recorde nos rios Pago e Asan; rios transbordados causaram danos a algumas estradas e pontes. A chuva tamb\u00e9m causou inunda\u00e7\u00f5es extensas em v\u00e1rias aldeias. Pongsona produziu uma onda de tempestade de at\u00e9 6 m (20 ft) em alguns locais, com 3-4 m (9\u201313 ft) gravado perto da parede do olho. Uma consider\u00e1vel inunda\u00e7\u00e3o de tempestade ocorreu de Tumon ao sul at\u00e9 Piti, deixando alguns edif\u00edcios na costa oeste da ilha inundados com 1 m (4 p\u00e9s) de \u00e1gua. A combina\u00e7\u00e3o de fortes tempestades e ondas fortes causou consider\u00e1vel eros\u00e3o na praia e severos danos costeiros.\n\nEm Guam, os danos totalizaram mais de US $ 700 milh\u00f5es, colocando-o entre os cinco tuf\u00f5es mais caros da ilha. O tuf\u00e3o feriu 193 pessoas, conforme relatado pelo Departamento de Sa\u00fade de Guam; a maioria eram lacera\u00e7\u00f5es e fraturas causadas por vidro voando e outros detritos. Houve uma morte indireta atribu\u00edda \u00e0 tempestade, quando uma mulher de 71 anos foi cortada por um vidro voador e posteriormente sofreu um ataque card\u00edaco fatal; a ajuda m\u00e9dica n\u00e3o p\u00f4de alcan\u00e7\u00e1-la devido \u00e0 intensidade da tempestade. Como seis tuf\u00f5es passaram diretamente sobre a ilha durante os dez anos anteriores, as autoridades em Guam promulgaram padr\u00f5es r\u00edgidos de constru\u00e7\u00e3o, reduzindo o n\u00famero de mortes e ferimentos. O tuf\u00e3o foi considerado pelo p\u00fablico o pior tuf\u00e3o que j\u00e1 atingiu a ilha devido ao grande olho que afeta a maioria da popula\u00e7\u00e3o.\n\nIlhas Marianas do Norte \n\nPongsona produziu ventos sustentados de 126 km/h (78 mph) com rajadas de 137 km/h (85 mph) em Rota. A combina\u00e7\u00e3o de ventos e outros efeitos do tuf\u00e3o destruiu 114 casas, danificou seriamente 154 e causou danos menores a 306; na ilha, cerca de 200 fam\u00edlias ficaram desalojadas. O tuf\u00e3o produziu uma mar\u00e9 de tempestade de 6,7 m (22 p\u00e9s) na aldeia de Songsong, que cruzou cerca de 80% da pen\u00ednsula sudoeste em Rota. A onda causou eros\u00e3o moderada na praia da ilha e destruiu um p\u00eder de combust\u00edvel e um oleoduto de carregamento. Al\u00e9m disso, o tuf\u00e3o causou graves danos \u00e0s planta\u00e7\u00f5es da ilha. Ao todo, o tuf\u00e3o causou dez feridos leves na Rota e resultou em danos de mais de $ 30 milh\u00f5es.\n\nEm Tinian, a passagem de Pongsona destruiu duas casas; sete sofreram danos graves e outros oito sofreram danos menores. Os ventos danificaram as linhas de energia, causando duas falhas de energia em toda a ilha. Grandes danos \u00e0 colheita foram relatados.\n\nRescaldo \n\nDurante o auge do tuf\u00e3o na Ilha das Cabras, em Guam, um tanque de gasolina pegou fogo, que se acredita ser devido ao atrito causado por ventos extremamente fortes em seu sistema de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o. O tanque explodiu, enviando sua tampa para o ar e espalhando o fogo para outros tanques pr\u00f3ximos. A proximidade dos tanques, bem como a baixa press\u00e3o da \u00e1gua, dificultaram os esfor\u00e7os de combate a inc\u00eandios, e o inc\u00eandio foi extinto cinco dias depois; resultou em tr\u00eas tanques de gasolina destru\u00eddos com mais dois pegando fogo. Enquanto o fogo ardia, o transporte de gasolina do porto para o resto de Guam foi suspenso, resultando na paralisa\u00e7\u00e3o das vendas de gasolina para o p\u00fablico em geral.\n\nRetirada do nome \nDevido aos danos causados pela tempestade, o nome Pongsona foi retirado durante a 38\u00aa sess\u00e3o da Comiss\u00e3o Econ\u00f4mica e Social para a \u00c1sia e o Pac\u00edfico e o comit\u00ea de tuf\u00f5es da Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o Meteorol\u00f3gica Mundial em novembro de 2005; foi substitu\u00eddo pelo nome Noul.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas\n\nRSMC Tokyo - Typhoon Center\nBest Track Data do Tuf\u00e3o Pongsona (0226) \nBest Track Data (Graphics) do Tuf\u00e3o Pongsona (0226)\nBest Track Data (Texto)\nJTWC Best Track Data do Super Tuf\u00e3o 31W (Pongsona)\n\nTemporada de tuf\u00f5es no Pac\u00edfico de 2002\nTuf\u00f5es em Guam\nTuf\u00f5es\nNomes de tuf\u00f5es retirados no oceano Pac\u00edfico\nCiclones tropicais em 2002", "meta": {"title": "Tuf\u00e3o Pongsona", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuf%C3%A3o%20Pongsona", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le parterre est l'ensemble des places situ\u00e9es au rez-de-chauss\u00e9e d'une salle de spectacle.\n\nAutrefois, le parterre ou parquet ne comportait pas de si\u00e8ges, il offrait les places les moins ch\u00e8res car le public, exclusivement masculin, \u00e9tait debout. Les dames ne pouvaient prendre place que dans les loges des balcons \u00e0 cause de leurs volumineuses coiffures \u00e0 postiches surmont\u00e9es de chapeaux.\n\nLexique th\u00e9\u00e2tral", "meta": {"title": "Parterre (th\u00e9\u00e2tre)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parterre%20%28th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Michael Wincott, n\u00e9 le  \u00e0 Toronto, est un acteur canadien.\n\nBiographie\nIl est dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 de la Juilliard School of drama et tourne dans diverses productions canadiennes avant qu'Hollywood ne fasse de lui un second r\u00f4le r\u00e9current. Son allure t\u00e9n\u00e9breuse et sa voix rocailleuse deviendront sa marque de fabrique. Il est le plus souvent doubl\u00e9 en fran\u00e7ais par Michel Vign\u00e9, qui poss\u00e8de lui aussi une voix rocailleuse.\n\nFilmographie\n\nCin\u00e9ma\n\nLongs m\u00e9trages \n 1979 : Title Shot de Les Rose : Robber\n 1979 :  de Eric Till : Charlie Connors\n 1980 :  d'Urszula Antoniak : Peter\n 1981 : Circle of Two de Jules Dassin : Paul\n 1981 : Ticket to Heaven de Ralph L. Thomas : Gerry\n 1983 : Curtains, l'ultime cauchemar (Curtains) de Richard Ciupka : Matthew\n 1987 : Le Sicilien (The Sicilian) de Michael Cimino : le caporal Silvestro Canio\n 1988 : Conversations nocturnes (Talk Radio) de Oliver Stone : Kent / Michael / Joe\n 1989 : Suffering Bastards de Bernard McWilliams : Chazz\n 1989 : Il \u00e9tait une fois Broadway (Bloodhounds of Broadway) de Howard Brookner : Soupy Mike \n 1989 : N\u00e9 un 4 juillet (Born on the Fourth of July) de Oliver Stone : un figurant Vet - Villa Dulce\n 1990 : The Doors de Oliver Stone : Paul Rothchild\n 1991 : Robin des Bois, prince des voleurs (Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves) de Kevin Reynolds : Guy de Gisbourne\n 1992 : 1492 : Christophe Colomb (1492: Conquest of Paradise) de Ridley Scott : Don Adrian de Moxica\n 1993 : Les Trois Mousquetaires (The Three Musketeers) de Stephen Herek : le capitaine Rochefort\n 1993 : Romeo Is Bleeding de Peter Medak : Sal\n 1994 : The Crow de Alex Proyas : Top Dollar\n 1995 : Panther de Mario Van Peebles : Tynan\n 1995 : Dead Man de Jim Jarmusch : Conway Twill\n 1995 : Strange Days de Kathryn Bigelow :  Philo Gant\n 1996 : Dead Girl d'Adam Coleman Howard : Mark in the Park\n 1996 : Basquiat de Julian Schnabel : Ren\u00e9 Ricard\n 1997 : Le Flic de San Francisco (Metro) de Thomas Carter : Michael \u00ab Mike \u00bb Korda\n 1997 : Alien, la r\u00e9surrection (Alien Resurrection) de Jean-Pierre Jeunet : Frank Elgyn\n 1998 : Gunshy de Jeff Celentano : Frankie McGregor\n 1999 : Hidden Agenda de Iain Paterson : Larry Gleason\n 2000 : Avant la nuit (Before Night Falls) de Julian Schnabel et Herberto Zorilla : Ochoa\n 2001 : Le Masque de l'araign\u00e9e (Along Came a Spider) de Lee Tamahori : Gary Soneji\n 2001 : La Vengeance de Monte Cristo (The Count of Monte Cristo) de Kevin Reynolds : Armand Dorl\u00e9ac\n 2002 : La Plan\u00e8te au tr\u00e9sor : Un nouvel univers (Treasure Planet) de Ron Clements et John Musker : Scroop (voix)\n 2004 : The Assassination of Richard Nixon de Niels Mueller : Julius Bicke\n 2006 : Seraphim Falls de David Von Ancken : Hayes\n 2007 : Le Scaphandre et le Papillon de Julian Schnabel : le photographe de mode\n 2008 : Panique \u00e0 Hollywood (What Just Happened?) de Barry Levinson : Jeremy Brunell, r\u00e9alisateur de Fiercely\n 2008 : Sketches from Great Gull de Nicolas Laviola : Seafaring Poet (court-m\u00e9trage, voix)\n 2009 : A Lonely Place for Dying de Justin Eugene Evans : Anthony Greenglass\n 2011 : The Farewell de Daniel Kruglikov : He (court-m\u00e9trage)\n 2012 : Hitchcock de Sacha Gervasi : Ed Gein\n 2013 : The Girl from Nagasaki de Michel Comte et Ayako Yoshida : Goro\n 2014 : Grand Street de Lex Sidon : Reuben\n 2015 : Knight of Cups de Terrence Malick : Herb\n 2015 : Forsaken : Retour \u00e0 Fowler City (Forsaken) de Jon Cassar : Dave Turner\n 2017 : Ghost in the Shell de Rupert Sanders : le docteur Osmond (non cr\u00e9dit\u00e9)\n 2022 : Nope de Jordan Peele : Antlers Holst\n\nT\u00e9l\u00e9vision\n\nT\u00e9l\u00e9films \n 1979 : An American Christmas Carol de Eric Till : Choir Leader\n 1979 : The Family Man de Glenn Jordan : Charlie\n 1981 : Clown White de Paul Shapiro : Street Punk\n 1990 : The Tragedy of Flight 103: The Inside Story de Leslie Woodhead : Ulrich Weber (documentaire)\n 2002 : The Red Phone: Manhunt de Jerry Jameson : Van Eyck\n 2003 : Remembering Charlie de Graeme Clifford : Richard Aiken\n\nS\u00e9ries t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9es \n 1979-1981 : Le Vagabond : Charlie (saison 1, \u00e9pisode 10), Jeff (saison 3, \u00e9pisode 3)\n 1985 : Brigade de nuit : Jack Tenelli (saison 1, \u00e9pisode 16)\n 1987-1988 : Les Incorruptibles de Chicago : Bobby Meeker (saison 2, \u00e9pisodes 1 et 12)\n 1987-1989 : Equalizer : Jordan (saison 2, \u00e9pisode 12), Jarrow (saison 4, \u00e9pisode 18)\n 1988 : Deux flics \u00e0 Miami : Wilson Cook (saison 4, \u00e9pisode 19)\n 1989 : A Man Called Hawk : Wilcox (saison 1, \u00e9pisode 10)\n 1996 : Troubles : Arnaud (\u00e9pisode 3)\n 1996 : X-Files : Aux fronti\u00e8res du r\u00e9el : un des membres de l'ATF (saison 4, \u00e9pisode 5)\n 2014 : 24: Live Another Day : Adrian Cross (saison 9, 11 \u00e9pisodes)\n 2016 : Westworld : le vieux Bill (saison 1, \u00e9pisodes 1 et 5)\n 2017 : Veni Vidi Vici : Georgina (10 \u00e9pisodes)\n\nLudographie \n 2002 : La Plan\u00e8te au tr\u00e9sor : Scroop\n 2004 : Halo 2 : Haut Proph\u00e8te de la V\u00e9rit\u00e9 (Prophet of Truth)\n 2005 : NARC : \n 2012 : Syndicate : Jules Merit\n 2012 : Infex : Griffin\n 2012 : Darksiders II : Death\n\nVoix fran\u00e7aises \nEn France, Michel Vign\u00e9 est la voix r\u00e9guli\u00e8re de Michael Wincott. Gabriel Le Doze l'a \u00e9galement doubl\u00e9 \u00e0 deux reprises.\n\nAu Qu\u00e9bec, l'acteur est doubl\u00e9 par plusieurs com\u00e9diens. Il y a notamment Denis Mercier qui l'a doubl\u00e9 \u00e0 deux reprises.\n\n En France\n\n Michel Vign\u00e9 dans :\n N\u00e9 un 4 juillet\n Robin des Bois, prince des voleurs ()\n 1492 : Christophe Colomb\n Les Trois Mousquetaires\n Romeo Is Bleeding\n The Crow\n Strange Days\n Le Flic de San Francisco\n Alien, la r\u00e9surrection\n La Vengeance de Monte Cristo\n Panique \u00e0 Hollywood\n Knight of Cups\n Ghost in the Shell\n Nope\n\n Gabriel Le Doze dans :\n Le Masque de l'araign\u00e9e\n Forsaken : Retour \u00e0 Fowler City\n\n Et aussi\n Vincent Grass dans Le Sicilien\n Emmanuel Curtil dans Conversations nocturnes\n Philippe Catoire dans Robin des Bois, prince des voleurs ()\n Jacques Frantz (*1947 - 2021) dans The Doors\n Jean-Claude Sachot (*1943 - 2017) dans Dead Man\n Pierre-Fran\u00e7ois Pistorio dans Basquiat\n Pascal Renwick (*1954 - 2006) dans La Plan\u00e8te au tr\u00e9sor : Un nouvel univers (voix)\n Antoine Nouel dans Alien, la r\u00e9surrection (sc\u00e8nes suppl\u00e9mentaires)\n F\u00e9odor Atkine dans The Assassination of Richard Nixon\n Jean-Marc Delhausse (Belgique) dans Seraphim Falls\n Boris Rehlinger dans Darksiders II (jeu vid\u00e9o, voix)\n Christian P\u00e9lissier dans Hitchcock\n Mathieu Buscatto dans 24 Heures chrono (s\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e)\n Bernard Tiphaine (*1938 - 2021) dans Westworld (s\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e)\n\n Au Qu\u00e9bec\n Denis Mercier dans :\n Robin des Bois, prince des voleurs\n Qu'est-ce qui m'arrive\n\n Et aussi\n S\u00e9bastien Dhavernas dans Confessions nocturnes\n James Hyndman dans Le Corbeau\n Daniel Picard dans M\u00e9tro\n Hubert Gagnon (*1947 - 2020) dans \u00c0 bout portant\n Mario Desmarais dans Le Comte de Monte Cristo\n Beno\u00eet Marleau (*1937 - 2009) dans La Plan\u00e8te au tr\u00e9sor (voix)\n\nLiens externes \n\nNaissance \u00e0 Toronto\nNaissance en janvier 1958\nActeur canadien\nActeur canadien de doublage\n\u00c9l\u00e8ve de la Juilliard School", "meta": {"title": "Michael Wincott", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Wincott", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041b\u0435-\u0412\u0456\u0432'\u0454\u0301 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0443 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0457, \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u041e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044f, \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0421\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u041f\u0456\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0457. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014  \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 (2011).\n\n\u041c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e 680 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0430, 150 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u043f\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0454, 37 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0456\u043d\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0414\u043e 2015 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u041b\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043a-\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0456\u0439\u043e\u043d. \u0412\u0456\u0434 1 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u043d\u044f 2016 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u041e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044f.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0420\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044e (2006):\n\n\u0415\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u043a\u0430\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\n \u041b\u0435-\u0412\u0456\u0432'\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0456 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0457\n [ \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u041b\u0435-\u0412\u0456\u0432'\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043f\u0456 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438]\n\n\u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \n \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0421\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u041f\u0456\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0457\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u041c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0421\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u041f\u0456\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0457", "meta": {"title": "\u041b\u0435-\u0412\u0456\u0432'\u0454", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5-%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B2%27%D1%94", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0432\u0438\u043b () \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448-\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435, \u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0408\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0435.\n\n\u041f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2011. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 36 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0458\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 24,66 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430/-{km\u00b2}-. \u041e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 1,46 -{km\u00b2}-. \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u045a\u043e\u0458 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 215 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 (\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0458 223 -{m}-, \u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0458 203 -{m}-).\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430 \n\n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0443 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u045a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \n \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0408\u0443\u0440\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n \u0411\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430: -{Insee}- \n Francheville \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \n Francheville \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435 -{INSEE}- \n \u041f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 Francheville \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043f\u0438 (-{Mapquest}-)\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d \u0408\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0443 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458", "meta": {"title": "\u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0432\u0438\u043b (\u0408\u0443\u0440\u0430)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%20%28%D0%88%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dommaraju Gukesh, tak\u017ce Gukesh D (, ; ur. 29 maja 2006 w \u0106ennaju) \u2013 indyjski szachista, cudowne dziecko szach\u00f3w. Arcymistrz od 2019 roku.\n\n\u017byciorys \nUrodzi\u0142 si\u0119 29 maja 2006 roku w \u0106ennaj. Gry w szachy nauczy\u0142 si\u0119 w wieku siedmiu lat. Zwyci\u0119\u017cy\u0142 w mistrzostwach \u015bwiata junior\u00f3w do lat 12 w 2018 roku i do lat 14 dwa lata p\u00f3\u017aniej. W 2018 uzyska\u0142 norm\u0119 mistrza mi\u0119dzynarodowego, a rok p\u00f3\u017aniej zosta\u0142 arcymistrzem, zostaj\u0105c drug\u0105 najm\u0142odsz\u0105 osob\u0105 w historii z tym tytu\u0142em (m\u0142odszy by\u0142 tylko Siergiej Kariakin). W sierpniu 2022 roku zwyci\u0119\u017cy\u0142 na olimpiadzie szachowej. W pa\u017adzierniku 2022 roku osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0142 najwy\u017cszy ranking szachowy, kt\u00f3ry wyni\u00f3s\u0142 2732 punkty.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nUrodzeni w 2006\nIndyjscy szachi\u015bci\nArcymistrzowie szachowi\nLudzie urodzeni w \u0106ennaju", "meta": {"title": "Dommaraju Gukesh", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dommaraju%20Gukesh", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Calonectria kyotensis is a fungal plant pathogen.  It is known to affect harvested durians, including from Durio graveolens and D. kutejensis.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Index Fungorum\n USDA ARS Fungal Database\n\nFungal plant pathogens and diseases\nNectriaceae\nFungi described in 1892", "meta": {"title": "Calonectria kyotensis", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calonectria%20kyotensis", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Il seminario di Genova \u00e8 l'istituzione dell'arcidiocesi di Genova in cui vengono formati i futuri presbiteri al servizio della stessa arcidiocesi. Venne istituito nel 1575 dall'arcivescovo Cipriano Pallavicino in attuazione del decreto del concilio di Trento del 1563 che stabiliva che la formazione dei sacerdoti avvenisse in scuole appositamente dedicate.\n\nIl seminario, intitolato al papa genovese Benedetto XV, \u00e8 sede della sezione di Genova della Facolt\u00e0 teologica dell'Italia settentrionale, la cui sede principale \u00e8 a Milano.\n\nSeminario maggiore\n\nPalazzo del seminario di via Porta d'Archi \n\nIl seminario maggiore, dal 1575 fino alla met\u00e0 del secolo successivo ebbe varie sedi provvisorie, giudicate per\u00f2 inadeguate dall'arcivescovo Stefano Durazzo, che volle dare all'istituto una sede propria. Nel 1654 venne acquistato, con il contributo dello stesso arcivescovo e quello di numerosi benefattori tra i quali Emanuele Brignole, fondatore dell'Albergo dei Poveri, un terreno in via Porta d'Archi, ai piedi del colle di Carignano,a quel tempo ai margini della citt\u00e0. Tra il 1654 e il 1657 fu costruito un grande palazzo, in cui il seminario avrebbe avuto la sua sede per tre secoli, dal 1657 al 1970.\n\nL'edificio, realizzato in uno stile volutamente sobrio, su progetto di Gerolamo Gandolfo affiancato da Pier Antonio Corradi e Antonio Torriglia, fu inaugurato nel 1657. Venne ampliato in due riprese nel corso dell'Ottocento. Negli anni trenta del Novecento tutta l'area circostante sub\u00ec una radicale trasformazione, con la cancellazione del quartiere di Ponticello e l'apertura di via Dante, piazza Dante e della galleria Cristoforo Colombo proprio al di sotto del giardino del palazzo, ma i lavori di attuazione del piano urbanistico non coinvolsero direttamente l'edificio che sub\u00ec invece gravi danni durante la seconda guerra mondiale quando l'ala ottocentesca di levante venne distrutta dai bombardamenti aerei.\n\nNel tempo il seminario sub\u00ec anche le ricadute di altre vicende storiche, come tra il 1799 e il 1803 quando il governo della Repubblica Ligure ne decret\u00f2 la chiusura e negli anni della prima guerra mondiale quando venne parzialmente trasformato in ospedale militare.\n\nNel 1970 il seminario venne trasferito in una nuova struttura. Lo storico edificio di via Porta d'Archi, rimasto in stato di abbandono fino alla met\u00e0 degli anni ottanta, venne individuato dal comune di Genova come sede per la biblioteca civica, che vi si insedi\u00f2 nel 1998 dopo un lungo restauro condotto tra il 1985 e il 1992 su progetto dell'architetto Piero Gambacciani.\n\nIl seminario del Righi \nL'edificio in cui dal 1970 ha sede il seminario, ubicato nella ex villa Quartara, in salita Emanuele Cavallo, poco sotto l'altura del Righi, sorge in posizione dominante sul centro storico di Genova. \n\nVilla Quartara \u00e8 una villa ottocentesca, in stile eclettico, ampliata nella prima met\u00e0 del Novecento e donata nel 1965 all'arcidiocesi di Genova che la destin\u00f2 a sede del seminario, avviando nel contempo la costruzione di un nuovo edificio all'interno del parco. Con gli ampliamenti successivi alla sua costruzione, la villa ha assunto una planimetria irregolare, con due corpi di fabbrica disuguali e una caratteristica torretta panoramica emergente allo snodo tra di essi.\nI prospetti sono tinteggiati con la tipica decorazione genovese a bande bianche e nere e variamente decorati. All'interno sono ancora presenti affreschi, alcuni originali ed altri realizzati nel 1945 dal pittore Aldo Signoretti.\n\nIl nuovo edificio, costruito alla fine degli anni sessanta, ha una pianta a \"C\", con la cappella, con la grande facciata a forma di vela, che funge da raccordo tra i due grandi corpi di fabbrica. Essendo quelli anni di molte vocazioni, il nuovo seminario era stato pensato per ospitare un centinaio di seminaristi. Il complesso, alto sulla collina del Righi, \u00e8 ben visibile da molti punti della citt\u00e0. La terrazza principale del seminario guarda direttamente alla citt\u00e0 e al porto, come a voler indicare il desiderio dell'arcidiocesi di Genova di parlare, attraverso l'opera dei futuri preti, al cuore della citt\u00e0.\n\nDal lato di salita Cavallo il muro di cinta del seminario corre parallelo a quello di villa Sant'Ignazio, che ospita il noviziato dei padri gesuiti. Dall'altra parte, il terreno del seminario confina con il monastero delle monache carmelitane.\n\nIl trapasso dalla vecchia alla nuova struttura avvenne quando era rettore mons. Luigi Roba, che avrebbe continuato nel suo servizio fino al 1980, anno in cui il cardinale Giuseppe Siri chiam\u00f2 a succedergli mons. Luigi Borzone. Dal 2005 il rettore \u00e8 stato mons. Michele Cavallero al quale dal 2021 \u00e8 succeduto don Francesco Fully Doragrossa.\n\nBiblioteca diocesana \nAl seminario \u00e8 legata fin dalla sua fondazione la biblioteca diocesana, ospitata al suo interno. \nLa biblioteca possiede pi\u00f9 di 140.000 volumi di argomento teologico e religioso, oltre a numerose pubblicazioni riguardanti la storia ecclesiastica genovese e ligure. La raccolta iniziale si \u00e8 andata arricchendo negli anni grazie anche ai lasciti degli arcivescovi genovesi. Tra quelli pi\u00f9 significativi i 6.000 volumi lasciati nel 1828 dall'arcivescovo Giuseppe Maria Spina e quelli donati dal papa Benedetto XV nel 1920.\n\nSeminario minore \nIl seminario minore ha funzionato per molti anni sulle alture del quartiere di  San Martino, nella struttura del Chiappeto, accessibile tramite via Sapeto.\n\nIn questa localit\u00e0 sorgeva fin dal medioevo un convento, in cui nel tempo si erano succeduti vari ordini religiosi. Il complesso sub\u00ec negli anni numerosi rimaneggiamenti. Nel 1820 la diocesi lo utilizz\u00f2 come residenza estiva per i presbiteri e dal 1874, per l'aumento dei giovani aspiranti al sacerdozio, lo adib\u00ec a sede del seminario minore, rimasto in funzione fino al 1936, quando fu inaugurata una nuova struttura che sostitu\u00ec il vecchio convento.\n\nIl nuovo edificio, che ospit\u00f2 i giovani seminaristi fino al 1996, anno della definitiva chiusura, \u00e8 costituito da un corpo di fabbrica centrale a ferro di cavallo di 5 piani che racchiudono un cortile interno dal quale si dipartono due ali laterali, da un altro edificio separato e dalla chiesa, a cui si accede dallo stesso cortile. A monte, accessibile dal terzo piano attraverso un ampio colonnato vetrato, si trova un secondo cortile, con due aiuole circolari e una fontana.\n\nDopo la chiusura del seminario minore, nella seconda met\u00e0 degli anni novanta, l'accompagnamento vocazionale di ragazzi e adolescenti \u00e8 stato portato avanti con i gruppi \"Samuel\" ed \"Eccomi\", animati dai seminaristi del seminario maggiore. mentre la struttura ospita una Residenza sanitaria assistenziale, dipendente dall'ospedale Galliera. La residenza, intitolata al cardinale Carlo Dalmazio Minoretti, arcivescovo di Genova dal 1925 al 1938, comprende un centro di riabilitazione e una struttura per la cura dei malati di Alzheimer.\n\nNote\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n \n\nArcidiocesi di Genova\nGenova\nCastelletto (Genova)", "meta": {"title": "Seminario arcivescovile di Genova", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminario%20arcivescovile%20di%20Genova", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Erik Germund Cederhielm, f\u00f6dd den 12 februari 1685 i Link\u00f6ping, d\u00f6d den 1 november 1743 p\u00e5 Alvestad i J\u00e4ders socken, S\u00f6dermanlands l\u00e4n, var en svensk friherre och jurist. Han var son till Germund Cederhielm den yngre samt far till Germund Carl och Erik Julius Cederhielm.\n\nCederhielm blev student i Uppsala 1698 och auskultant i Svea hovr\u00e4tt 1702. Han genomf\u00f6rde utrikes resor 1704\u20131707. Han blev h\u00e4radsh\u00f6vding i Svartsj\u00f6 och Str\u00f6msholms l\u00e4n 1707 samt vice lagman i \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland 1713, i N\u00e4rke 1716 och i S\u00f6dermanland 1718. Cederhielm blev h\u00e4radsh\u00f6vding i Siende, Tuhundra, \u00c5kerbo och Snevringe domsaga 1718, erh\u00f6ll assessors titel 1719 samt blev vice lagman i V\u00e4stmanland 1718, i Dalarna 1723 och i V\u00e4sterbotten 1727. Han blev h\u00e4radsh\u00f6vding i \u00d6ster- och V\u00e4ster-Rekarne, Daga, \u00c5kers och Selebo h\u00e4rader 1725 samt lagman i Tioh\u00e4rads lagsaga 1741-08-18.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\n Cederhielm nr 134 p\u00e5 Adelsvapen.com\n\nLagm\u00e4n i Tioh\u00e4rads lagsaga\nSvenska friherrar\nSvenska \u00e4mbetsm\u00e4n under 1700-talet\nJurister fr\u00e5n Link\u00f6ping\nF\u00f6dda 1685\nAvlidna 1743\nM\u00e4n", "meta": {"title": "Erik Germund Cederhielm", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik%20Germund%20Cederhielm", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kurt Roland Johansson (ur. 19 lipca 1930 Harplinge, zm. 24 kwietnia 2005 Halmstad.\n) \u2013 szwedzki pi\u0119\u015bciarz, reprezentant kraju na igrzyskach olimpijskich w Helsinkach (1952). Na igrzyskach wzi\u0105\u0142 udzia\u0142 w turnieju w wadze muszej. W pierwszej walce wygra\u0142 2:1 z reprezentantem Argentyny Alberto Barenghim, w drugiej przegra\u0142 3:0 z reprezentantem Rumunii Mirceo Dobrescu.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nUczestnicy Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 1952\nSzwedzcy bokserzy\nUrodzeni w 1930\nZmarli w 2005", "meta": {"title": "Roland Johansson", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland%20Johansson", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\"Dust\" is episode 48 of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. It originally aired on January 6, 1961 on CBS, and was the 12th episode of the second season. The episode was written by series creator Rod Serling, and was directed by Douglas Heyes. It starred Thomas Gomez in his second appearance on the show following \"Escape Clause\", as well as Vladimir Sokoloff, in the first of his three appearances on the series.\n\nOpening narration\n\nPlot\nIn the Old West, in a desolate barren town, the sadistic and unscrupulous peddler Sykes mocks Luis Gallegos, who is due to be hanged. Luis is guilty of driving drunk and accidentally killing a child. Luis' father arrives in the village and pleads with the mother and father of the dead girl to spare his son the hanging. His pleas fall on deaf ears. After selling the executioner some five-strand rope needed for the hanging, Sykes sells a bag of dust to the condemned man's father, collecting ordinary dirt from the ground and insisting that it is magic dust that will spread good will throughout the crowd and make them feel love and sympathy for Luis.\n\nAs the crowd gathers for the hanging, Luis' father cries out and starts sprinkling the dust everywhere. He hears the trapdoor drop behind him and turns to see that the fresh and sturdy rope has snapped above the noose, and Luis is unharmed. When asked if another hanging attempt should be made, the girl's parents decide that it should not, that Luis has suffered enough and maybe they have had a sign from God. As father and son walk home, Sykes rechecks the rope which appears to be in perfect condition. Then he throws his gold pieces from the sale of the dust to the poor children of the town, insisting that they have them. He walks away from the scene bemused, stating that the dust must have been magic after all.\n\nClosing narration\n\nCast\n Thomas Gomez as Sykes \n Vladimir Sokoloff as Gallegos \n John Larch as The Sheriff \n John Alonzo as Luis Gallegos\n Paul Genge as John Canfield \n Dorothy Adams as Mrs. Canfield\n Duane Grey as Rogers \n Andrea Darvi as Estrellita Gallegos\n\nSee also\n List of The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series) episodes\n\nReferences\nDeVoe, Bill. (2008). Trivia from The Twilight Zone. Albany, GA: Bear Manor Media. \nGrams, Martin. (2008). The Twilight Zone: Unlocking the Door to a Television Classic. Churchville, MD: OTR Publishing.\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1961 American television episodes\nThe Twilight Zone (1959 TV series season 2) episodes\nTelevision episodes written by Rod Serling\nTelevision episodes directed by Douglas Heyes", "meta": {"title": "Dust (The Twilight Zone)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust%20%28The%20Twilight%20Zone%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le parc scientifique de Hsinchu (), ou, selon sa d\u00e9nomination officielle, parc industriel et scientifique de Hsinchu, est un parc scientifique cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 1980 dans la ville provinciale de Hsinchu, sur l'\u00eele de Ta\u00efwan, en Asie de l'Est.\n\nLocalisation \nLe parc scientifique de Hsinchu est compos\u00e9 de six complexes industriels et scientifiques r\u00e9partis sur cinq municipalit\u00e9s du Nord de l'\u00eele de Ta\u00efwan. Le site historique et principal est situ\u00e9 dans le  de la ville de Hsinchu. Il s'\u00e9tend sur ,   environ \u00e0 l'est de l'autoroute nationale 1 qui s'\u00e9tire du nord au sud de l'\u00eele, et relie Kaohsiung \u00e0 Keelung.\n\nOutre le complexe originel, les cinq autres sites sont les suivants \n\n le Jhunan Science Park development situ\u00e9 dans le comt\u00e9 de Miaoli\n le Longtan Science Park development situ\u00e9 \u00e0 Taoyuan\n le Tongluo Science Park development situ\u00e9 dans le comt\u00e9 de Miaoli\n le Yilan Science Park development situ\u00e9 dans le comt\u00e9 de Yilan\n le Biomedical Park situ\u00e9 dans le comt\u00e9 de Hsinchu.\n\nHistorique \nCr\u00e9e en 1980, le parc s'est rapidement \u00e9tendu avec la mont\u00e9e en puissance de Ta\u00efwan dans l'industrie des semiconducteurs. 150000 personnes y travaillent aujourd'hui, dans plus de 400 entreprises.\n\nLe parc accueille notamment le leader mondial des semi-conducteurs, l'entreprise ta\u00efwanaise TSMC dont il h\u00e9berge le si\u00e8ge social.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticles connexes \n Parc scientifique\n Hsinchu\n\nBibliographie \n .\n\nLiens externes \n\n  ()\n\nTechnopole\nScience \u00e0 Ta\u00efwan\nIndustrie \u00e0 Ta\u00efwan\nFondation en 1980", "meta": {"title": "Parc scientifique de Hsinchu", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parc%20scientifique%20de%20Hsinchu", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "583 - 584 - 585 - 586 - 587 - 588 - 589 - 590 - 591\nAceasta este o list\u0103 a conduc\u0103torilor de stat din anul 587:\n\nEuropa \nAnglia, statul anglo-saxon Bernicia: Theodric (rege, 586-593)\nAnglia, statul anglo-saxon Deira: Aelle (rege, 558/560-588/590)\nAnglia, statul anglo-saxon Kent: Ethelberht I (rege, 562/565-618)\nAnglia, statul anglo-saxon Mercia: Creoda (585-cca. 597)\nAnglia, statul anglo-saxon Sussex: rege necunoscut\nAnglia, statul anglo-saxon Wessex: Ceawlin (rege, 560-591)\nBavaria: Garibald I (duce din dinastia Agilolfingilor, 555-592)\nBenevento: Zotto (duce, 571-591)\nBizan\u021b: Mauriciu (\u00eemp\u0103rat din dinastia Justinian\u0103, 582-602)\nFrancii cu sediul la Metz (Austrasia): Childebert al II-lea (rege din dinastia Merovingian\u0103, 575-595 sau 596; totodat\u0103, rege al francilor cu sediul la Orl\u00e9ans-Burgundia, 593-595 sau 596)\nFrancii cu sediul la Orl\u00e9ans: Gunthchramn (rege din dinastia Merovingian\u0103, 561-593)\nFrancii cu sediul la Soissons (Neustria): Chlothar al II-lea (rege din dinastia Meroviangian\u0103, 584-629; totodat\u0103, rege al francilor din Austrasia \u0219i Burgundia, 613-629)\n Friuli: Gisulf I (duce, 568/cca. 584-590)\nLongobarzii: Autharic (rege, 584-590)\nRavenna: Smaragdus (exarh, 585-589, 603-611)\nSco\u021bia, statul pic\u021bilor: Gartnait (Garnard) al IV-lea (rege, 586/587-597?)\nSco\u021bia, statul celt Dalriada: Aedan (rege, 574-608?)\nSpoleto: Faroald I (duce, 570-592)\nStatul papal: Pelagius al II-lea (pap\u0103, 579-590)\nVizigo\u021bii: Recared I (rege, 586-601)\n\nAsia\n\nOrientul Apropiat \nBizan\u021b: Mauriciu (\u00eemp\u0103rat din dinastia Justinian\u0103, 582-602)\nPersia: Hormizd al IV-lea (suveran din dinastia Sasanizilor, 579-590)\n\nOrientul \u00cendep\u0103rtat \nCambodgia, statul Tjampa: Rudravarman I (rege din a patra dinastie, 529?-605)\nCambodgia, statul Chenla: Bhavavarman I (rege, cca. 580-cca. 598)\nChina: Houzsu (Chen Shubao) (\u00eemp\u0103rat din dinastia Chen, 582-589)\nChina: Yang Jian (Wendi) (\u00eemp\u0103rat din dinastia Sui, 581-604)\nCoreea, statul Koguryo: P'yongwon (Yangsong) (rege din dinastia Ko, 559-590)\nCoreea, statul Paekje: Widok (Ch'ang) (554-598)\nCoreea, statul Silla: Chinp'yong (Paekchong, rege din dinastia Kim, 579-632)\nIndia, statul Chalukya: Kirtivarman I Ranaparahrama (566/567-597/598)\nIndia, statul Pallava: Simhavi\u0219nu (rege din a doua dinastie, cca. 574-cca. 600)\nJaponia: Yomei (\u00eemp\u0103rat, 586-587) \u0219i Su\u0219un (\u00eemp\u0103rat, 587-592)\nSri Lanka: Aggabodhi I (rege din dinastia Silakala, 559-592)\nVietnam, imperiul Van-Xuan: Ly Phat Tu (Hau-de) (\u00eemp\u0103rat din dinastia Ly timpurie, 571-603)\n\n587\n587", "meta": {"title": "List\u0103 de conduc\u0103tori de stat din 587", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%C4%83%20de%20conduc%C4%83tori%20de%20stat%20din%20587", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Warren Road station is a Baltimore Light Rail station located off Warren Road in Cockeysville, Maryland. The station opened in 1997 as part of the system's northern extension. It has two side platforms serving two tracks.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nMTA Maryland - Light Rail stations\n\nBaltimore Light Rail stations\nCockeysville, Maryland\nRailway stations in the United States opened in 1997\nRailway stations in Baltimore County, Maryland\n1997 establishments in Maryland", "meta": {"title": "Warren Road station", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren%20Road%20station", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "WOHZ-CD (channels 19 and 43) is a low-power, Class A television station in Canton, Ohio, United States. Owned by Gray Television, it serves as an ultra high frequency (UHF) translator of Gray's two full-power stations in the Cleveland market: WOIO (channel 19), a Shaker Heights\u2013licensed CBS affiliate, and WUAB (channel 43), a Lorain\u2013licensed CW affiliate, both of which broadcast over the same spectrum via a channel sharing agreement.\n\nWOHZ-CD's transmitter is located northeast of Canton, while WOIO and WUAB share studios on the ground floor of the Reserve Square building in Downtown Cleveland.\n\nHistory \nOriginally licensed to Mansfield, Ohio, this station took to the air on May 7, 1990, as W50BE. An extension of locally owned WVNO-FM and WRGM, W50BE was an independent station boasting a lineup of local newscasts and community programming for the Mansfield/Ashland/Bucyrus region, nearly equidistant from both the Cleveland and Columbus markets. After W50BE owner Mid-State Television, Inc., headed by Robert Meisse, acquired the license to WCOM-TV, that station was relaunched as WMFD-TV \"TV68/50\" on June 1, 1992, simulcasting W50BE's programming.\n\nBy the beginning of 1996, W50BE changed call signs to WOHZ-LP and was relaunched as \"Z-50\", offering additional local programming as a WMFD-TV extension alongside America One fare. Later upgraded to a Class A station as WOHZ-CA, it also began to offer weather information and an audio simulcast of WVNO-FM from a combined studio facility in Ontario, Ohio. The station was licensed for digital operation on February 26, 2015, assuming the call sign WOHZ-CD.\n\nOn October 8, 2020, Mid-State Television sold WOHZ-CD to Atlanta\u2013based Gray Television, owner of WOIO and WUAB, for $450,000. The sale was completed on December 8, 2020. Upon taking over WOHZ-CD, Gray Television changed the station's city of license to Canton, Ohio, and began using it as a repeater for WOIO and WUAB, increasing coverage for the two stations in the southern part of the Cleveland/Northeast Ohio TV market.\n\nSubchannels \nThe station's digital signal is multiplexed:\n\nSee also \nTallest structures in the United States, relating to the old WCOM tower.\n\nReferences \n\nTelevision channels and stations established in 1990\nLow-power television stations in the United States\nCBS network affiliates\nThe CW affiliates\nOHZ-CD\n1990 establishments in Ohio\nCanton, Ohio\nGray Television", "meta": {"title": "WOHZ-CD", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOHZ-CD", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cooker may refer to several types of cooking appliances and devices used for cooking foods.\n\nCookers\n\n AGA cooker \u2013 a heat storage stove and cooker, which works on the principle that a heavy frame made from cast iron components can absorb heat from a relatively low-intensity but continuously-burning source, and the accumulated heat can then be used when needed for cooking.  Originally heated by slow-burning coal, the Aga cooker was invented in 1922 by the Nobel Prize-winning Swedish physicist Gustaf Dal\u00e9n (1869\u20131937), who was employed first as the chief engineer of the Swedish AGA company.\n Cook stove \u2013 heated by burning wood, charcoal, animal dung or crop residue. Cook stoves are commonly used for cooking and heating food in households that lack access to clean, modern facilities for cooking.\n Electric cooker \u2013 an electric powered cooking device for heating and cooking of food\n Gas stove (British English) \u2013 uses natural gas, propane, butane, liquefied petroleum gas or other flammable gas as a fuel source. Most modern stoves come in a unit with built-in extractor hoods.\n Induction cooker \u2013 heats a cooking vessel with induction heating, instead of infrared radiation from electrical wires or a gas flame as with a traditional cooking stove. For all models of induction cooktop, a cooking vessel must be made of a ferromagnetic metal such as cast iron or stainless steel or at least compounded with a steel inlay. Copper, glass and aluminum vessels can be placed on a ferromagnetic interface disk which enables these materials to be used.\n Kitchen stove (British English) \u2013 a kitchen appliance designed for the purpose of cooking food. Kitchen stoves rely on the application of direct heat for the cooking process and may also contain an oven, used for baking.\n Pressure cooker \u2013 heats food quickly because the internal steam pressure from the boiling liquid causes saturated steam (or \"wet steam\") to bombard and permeate the food. Thus, higher temperature water vapour (i.e., increased energy), which transfers heat more rapidly compared to dry air, cooks food very quickly.\n Rice cooker \u2013 also referred to as a rice steamer, is an electric kitchen appliance used to boil or steam rice. Apart from cooking rice, there are multiple recipes cooking options in modern rice cookers such as cooking lentils in rice cooker recipe, etc. Electric rice cookers were developed in Japan, where they are known as suihanki (Jap.: \u708a\u98ef\u5668).\n Slow cooker \u2013 also known as a Crock-Pot, (a trademark that is sometimes used generically in the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand), is a countertop electrical cooking appliance that is used for simmering, which requires maintaining a relatively low temperature. It allows for the unattended cooking for many hours of pot roast, stews, soups, \"boiled\" dinners and other suitable dishes, including dips, desserts and beverages.\n Solar cooker \u2013 a device which uses the energy of direct sunlight to heat, cook or pasteurize food or drink. Many solar cookers presently in use are relatively inexpensive, low-tech devices, although some are as powerful or as expensive as traditional stoves, and advanced, large-scale solar cookers can cook for hundreds of people.\n The Cooker is the given name to a coin-activated robot made out of an oven and storage cabinet that patrols the moon, as seen in the 1989 Wallace and Gromit short, A Grand Day Out. It is very protective of the moon and becomes hostile when it discovers that Wallace and Gromit have landed there. It secretly has a lifelong dream of skiing. As well as being called The Cooker, an audio adaptation of A Grand Day Out refers to it as The Moon Machine.\n\nSee also\n\n The Cooker, 1958 album by Lee Morgan\n Cooking apple\n Cook (profession)\n List of cooking appliances\n List of cooking techniques\n List of cooking vessels\n List of ovens\n List of stoves\n List of words having different meanings in British and American English: A\u2013L#C\n\nReferences\n\nCooking appliances\nOvens\nStoves", "meta": {"title": "Cooker", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooker", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Everlasting Blues vs. Otis Spann \u00e8 un album live di Otis Spann, pubblicato dalla Spivey Records nel 1972. I brani dell'album furono registrati dal vivo nel novembre del 1966 al Caf\u00e9 au Go Go di New York (Stati Uniti).\n\nTracce \nLato A\n\nLato B\n\nMusicisti \nBrano A1\n Otis Spann - pianoforte, voce  \n Johnny Young - mandolino \n Luther Johnson - chitarra\n Peter Malik - chitarra \n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nBrano A2 \n Otis Spann - pianoforte, voce  \n Luther Johnson - chitarra \n Peter Malik - chitarra\n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nBrano A3 \n Otis Spann - pianoforte\n Johnny Young - mandolino, voce  \n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nBrano A4 \n Otis Spann - pianoforte\n Johnny Young - mandolino, voce  \n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nBrano B1 \n Otis Spann - pianoforte\n Luther Johnson - chitarra, voce \n Peter Malik - chitarra \n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nBrano B2\n Otis Spann - pianoforte\n Johnny Young - mandolino\n Luther Johnson - chitarra, voce \n Peter Malik - chitarra \n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nBrano B3\n Otis Spann - pianoforte   \n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nBrano B4\n Otis Spann - pianoforte\n Victoria Spivey - voce\n Johnny Young - mandolino\n Luther Johnson - chitarra \n Peter Malik - chitarra\n S.P. Leary - batteria\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "The Everlasting Blues vs. Otis Spann", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Everlasting%20Blues%20vs.%20Otis%20Spann", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Paul Dickey (12 May 1882 \u2013 7 January 1933), was an American playwright and silent screen writer. He wrote 17 films between years 1914 and 1933.\n\nHe was born in Chicago, Illinois and died in New York, New York, aged 50.\n\nSelected filmography as screen writer \n The Ghost Breaker (1914) directed by Cecil B. DeMille \n The Ghost Breaker (1922)\n Tin Gods (1926)\n Misleading Lady (1932)\n The Ghost Breakers (1940)\n\nFilmography as actor \n Robin Hood (1922)\n\nExternal links \n \n \n \n \n\n1882 births\n1933 deaths\nAmerican male screenwriters\nWriters from Chicago\nAmerican male dramatists and playwrights\n20th-century American dramatists and playwrights\n20th-century American male writers\nScreenwriters from Illinois\n20th-century American screenwriters", "meta": {"title": "Paul Dickey", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Dickey", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Zesp\u00f3\u0142 \u201eGaw\u0119da\u201d \u2013 reprezentacyjny Zesp\u00f3\u0142 Artystyczny Zwi\u0105zku Harcerstwa Polskiego im. harcmistrzyni Barbary Kieruzalskiej.\n\nOpis \nGaw\u0119da jest zespo\u0142em dzieci\u0119co-m\u0142odzie\u017cowym, powsta\u0142ym 13 pa\u017adziernika 1952 r. w Domu Harcerza na Pradze. Wtedy to 24-letni instruktor wychowania artystycznego Andrzej Kieruzalski rozpocz\u0105\u0142 zaj\u0119cia z 30-osobow\u0105 grup\u0105 dzieci. Trzyna\u015bcioro wytrwa\u0142ych zagra\u0142o pierwsze przedstawienie Gaw\u0119dy pt. O \u017baczku Szkolaczku i Sowizdrzale.\n\nW ci\u0105gu prawie 65 lat istnienia Gaw\u0119da da\u0142a ponad 6000 przedstawie\u0144 na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie. Wykonawcy go\u015bcili m.in. w Stanach Zjednoczonych, na Kubie, w Japonii, na Tajwanie, w Australii. Ta\u0144czyli i \u015bpiewali dla Jana Paw\u0142a II. Do 2017 roku przez zesp\u00f3\u0142 przewin\u0119\u0142o si\u0119 ponad 16 000 dzieci i m\u0142odzie\u017cy.\n\nNajwi\u0119cej piosenek powsta\u0142o dzi\u0119ki Wandzie Chotomskiej i W\u0142odzimierzowi Korczowi, najwi\u0119cej masek i element\u00f3w scenografii dzi\u0119ki Adamowi Kilianowi. Rezerwat \u2013 pierwszy dzieci\u0119cy musical \u2013 napisany zosta\u0142 przez Krzysztofa Gradowskiego i Andrzeja Korzy\u0144skiego.  \n\nW Gaw\u0119dzie \u015bpiewali mi\u0119dzy innymi: Krzysztof Gradowski, Marek Ko\u015bcikiewicz (za\u0142o\u017cyciel zespo\u0142u De Mono), Wojciech Mann, Magdalena Mielcarz, Anna Nehrebecka, Danuta Stankiewicz,  Agnieszka Wagner, Szymon Zbroch, Aleksandra Wo\u017aniak i Andrzej Zaorski\n\nPrzez wi\u0119ksz\u0105 cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 swojego istnienia zesp\u00f3\u0142 mia\u0142 swoj\u0105 siedzib\u0119 w warszawskim Pa\u0142acu M\u0142odzie\u017cy (cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 Pa\u0142acu Kultury i Nauki). Dokumentacja dzia\u0142alno\u015bci zespo\u0142u jest przechowywana jako depozyt w archiwum Fundacji O\u015brodka Karta.\n\nDyskografia \n Gaw\u0119da i detektywi (widowisko; 1986; s\u0142owa Wanda Chotomska; muzyka W\u0142odzimierz Korcz; wydane na kasecie)\n Gaw\u0119da \u2013 Na deszcz i pogod\u0119 (widowisko; s\u0142owa Wanda Chotomska; muzyka Teresa Niewiarowska; wydane na kasecie i na p\u0142ycie); aran\u017cacje Krzysztof Marzec\n Gaw\u0119da \u2013 W 80 minut dooko\u0142a \u015bwiata (widowisko; s\u0142owa Wanda Chotomska; muzyka Teresa Niewiarowska; aran\u017cacje Jerzy Suchocki; wydane na p\u0142ycie d\u0142ugograj\u0105cej (Tonpress SX-T 29 stereo) i na kasecie)\n Gaw\u0119da w cyrku (widowisko; s\u0142owa Wanda Chotomska; muzyka W. Korcz; wydane na kasecie)\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n Oficjalna strona Zespo\u0142u Gaw\u0119da\n\nPolskie zespo\u0142y dzieci\u0119ce\nZwi\u0105zek Harcerstwa Polskiego", "meta": {"title": "Zesp\u00f3\u0142 \u201eGaw\u0119da\u201d", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zesp%C3%B3%C5%82%20%E2%80%9EGaw%C4%99da%E2%80%9D", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Fassmer FPB 20 patrol boat is a unique patrol boat built originally for the Bremen Police under the name of Bremen 9.\n\nIn 2007, The boat was turned over to the Lebanese navy and has been renamed Naqoura, after the Naqoura coastal town in Lebanon. The Lebanese Navy is using the boat for fishery monitoring, search and rescue, and patrolling Lebanon's territorial waters out to .\n\nIn addition to its usual facilities the boat is also equipped with 3 m Daughter Boat with Crane, and a water cannon for fire fighting.\n\nThe boat is powered by 2 Motor and Turbine Union engines that give a top speed of .\n\nReferences \n\nPatrol boats\nBremen (city)", "meta": {"title": "Fassmer FPB 20", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fassmer%20FPB%2020", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Captain Ralph Kerr CBE (16 August 1891 \u2013 24 May 1941) was an officer in the Royal Navy. He served in the First and Second World Wars, and was killed in the sinking of  by the German battleship Bismarck at the Battle of the Denmark Strait.\n\nEarly life\nKerr was born on 16 August 1891, the only son of Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Russell Kerr, and his wife Lady Kerr, of Newnham on Severn, Gloucestershire.  He joined the Royal Navy on 15 May 1904, and after service as a cadet he rose through the ranks, being promoted to Lieutenant on 28 February 1914. He served in the First World War, spending most of the period aboard the battleship , the flagship of Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee. He was present at the Battle of Jutland in May 1916, and by 1918 he had been given his own command, that of the destroyer .\n\nWith the destroyers\nKerr was promoted to commander on 30 June 1927, and in December 1928 he was given command of the destroyer , followed by  in August 1929. He commanded Thruster until February 1931, and after a year on land, returned to sea in February 1932 in command of .  Promotion to captain followed on 30 June 1935, and on 6 September 1935 he became commander of the Flotilla leader and captain (D) of the 21st Destroyer Flotilla. He stepped down from the position on 22 May 1936.  His commander, Admiral Thomson, reported that he had found Kerr to be \"A very capable Captain (D) who has trained his Flotilla well. An officer probably much better suited to the practical side of naval life rather than to Staff duties. A strong personality with definite powers of command and a very good seaman. Most loyal and is very thorough in the carrying out of his duties. Social qualities good. Physically fit and has good powers of endurance.\"\n\nKerr became senior officer, Reserve Fleet aboard  in July 1936, transferring to  on 3 November 1936. As well as being the senior officer of the reserve fleet he then also became chief staff officer to the rear-admiral of the 10th Cruiser Squadron, where he remained for the next year, until July 1937.  Vice-Admiral Sir Gerald Dickens also produced a highly favourable report, noting that Kerr was \"A very keen zealous officer who has done well as Senior Officer Reserve Fleet. Has plenty of character and drive and is mentally alert. A good seaman and a sound administrator. Very loyal, while ambitious to do well. Good social qualities. Keeps fit.\"\n\nKerr was to have then received an appointment to command the Flotilla leader , where he would be captain (D) of the 8th Destroyer Flotilla.  The appointment was cancelled before he could take it up, however. Instead, after a period of training, he became commander of  and captain (D) of the 2nd Destroyer Flotilla. During this period he served under Vice-Admiral John Tovey, and impressed both him, and the Commander-in-Chief Mediterranean Admiral Sir Dudley Pound. Kerr then took command of  and the 15th Destroyer Flotilla, later transferring to the shore establishment HMS Cochrane, at Rosyth on 30 August 1939.  He remained at Rosyth with the Rosyth Destroyer Force until 24 January 1940, spending time on the staff of the commander-in-chief, Rosyth. He was awarded the CBE in 1940.\n\nHMS Hood\nKerr took command of the battlecruiser  on 15 February 1941.  Command of the Navy's largest capital ship was a major change, Kerr having only previously commanded destroyers. He took her to sea on the completion of her refit in mid March, and carried out gunnery exercises and patrols off Iceland. He was commander of Hood for just three months, when he was killed at the Battle of the Denmark Strait, along with most of his crew, when Hood was sunk by the German battleship Bismarck. He was posthumously mentioned in dispatches. Kerr is commemorated on Portsmouth Naval Memorial.\n\nFamily\nHe had married Margaret Augusta Kerr on 14 February 1920, the marriage producing two children, Russell and Jane.  They resided in St John's Wood, London.  Russell Kerr, who had served as a captain in the Royal Artillery and as a tank commander, was killed while fighting in Burma in 1945.\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\nKerr's biography at hmshood.com\n\n1891 births\n1941 deaths\nCaptains who went down with the ship\nRoyal Navy officers\nCommanders of the Order of the British Empire\nPeople from Newnham on Severn\nRoyal Navy officers of World War II\nRoyal Navy personnel killed in World War II\nRoyal Navy officers of World War I\nPeople lost at sea", "meta": {"title": "Ralph Kerr", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph%20Kerr", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe ist eine Hauptverkehrsstra\u00dfe im Westen der Stadt Leipzig in den Stadtteilen Lindenau und Leutzsch. Die 1877 angelegte Stra\u00dfe mit bis heute weitgehend erhaltener historistischer Bebauung entwickelte sich in der Zeit der Weimarer Republik und des Nationalsozialismus zu einer beliebten Einkaufsstra\u00dfe und ihr s\u00fcdlicher Abschnitt zu einer Am\u00fcsiermeile. Bedingt durch mangelnden Bauerhalt in der DDR begann bereits in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren ein Bedeutungsverlust, der sich mit der stark sinkenden Einwohnerzahl und der wirtschaftlichen Umstrukturierung nach der politischen Wende in den 1990er Jahren noch einmal massiv verst\u00e4rkte.\n\nLage \n\nDie etwa 2,5 Kilometer lange Verbindungsstra\u00dfe zweigt im Stadtteil Lindenau von der Merseburger Stra\u00dfe ab und verl\u00e4uft in nordwestlicher Richtung vorbei am alten Ortszentrum von Leutzsch bis zur Bahnstrecke Leipzig\u2013Gro\u00dfkorbetha. In der Gemarkung B\u00f6hlitz-Ehrenberg setzt sie sich als \u201eLeipziger Stra\u00dfe\u201c bis nach Gundorf fort.\n\nGeschichte \n\nDie heutige Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe wurde in der Gr\u00fcnderzeit im Zuge der Industrialisierung und des Wachstums der Stadt Leipzig \u00fcber ihre Grenzen hinaus entlang einer \u00e4lteren Wegeverbindung zwischen den D\u00f6rfern Lindenau und Leutzsch angelegt. Sie wurde auf der Lindenauer Flur zun\u00e4chst als Leutzscher Weg und nach dem Ausbau zur Stra\u00dfe ab dem Jahr 1877 als Leutzscher Stra\u00dfe bezeichnet.\n\nZu dieser Zeit entstanden in Lindenau und dem s\u00fcdlich benachbarten Plagwitz links und rechts des Karl-Heine-Kanals zahlreiche Industrieanlagen und in deren Nachbarschaft ausgedehnte Siedlungen f\u00fcr Arbeiter und einfache Angestellte. Die Bev\u00f6lkerungszahlen stiegen rasant an, u.\u00a0a. auch aufgrund betr\u00e4chtlicher Zuwanderung aus anderen Gebieten des Deutschen Reiches, insbesondere aus Schlesien. So wurden auch entlang der Gundorfer Stra\u00dfe, wie die ehemalige Leutzscher Stra\u00dfe von 1886 bis 1933 hie\u00df, und in den angrenzenden Nebenstra\u00dfen in den Jahren vor und um 1900 vergleichsweise einfache Mietsh\u00e4user im Stil des Historismus mit jeweils einem oder mehreren Ladengesch\u00e4ften im Erdgeschoss und h\u00e4ufig Kleingewerbe in den Hinterh\u00f6fen errichtet. Um der sozialen Not im Leipziger Westen zu begegnen, wurde im Jahr 1900 an Rande der Gemarkung Lindenau kurz vor der Flurgrenze zu Leutzsch das Evangelische Diakonissenkrankenhaus er\u00f6ffnet, das im Ersten Weltkrieg als Lazarett diente. Die \u201eLeipziger Hungerkrawalle\u201c von 1916 nahmen in einem Buttergesch\u00e4ft in der Gundorfer Stra\u00dfe ihren Ausgang.\n\nKurz vor und w\u00e4hrend des Ersten Weltkrieges und in der Zeit der Weimarer Republik entwickelte sich der s\u00fcdliche Abschnitt der Gundorfer Stra\u00dfe zwischen Merseburger und Uhlandstra\u00dfe zu einer belebten Einkaufs- und Am\u00fcsiermeile im Westen der Stadt Leipzig, die im Volksmund den Namen \u201eReeperbahn\u201c nach der gleichnamigen Hamburger Stra\u00dfe trug. Zusammen mit einer Reihe von Gastst\u00e4tten und Kneipen trugen vor allem Kinos zu diesem Ruf bei. Bereits am 3. Juli 1910 er\u00f6ffnete Theodor Scherff, der unter dem Namen \u201eScherffs Bioskop-Theater\u201c mehrere Lichtspielh\u00e4user in Mitteldeutschland betrieb, im Hof des Geb\u00e4udes mit der heutigen Hausnummer 11 ein Kino mit 333 Sitzpl\u00e4tzen. Nach einigen Namenswechseln trug es seit 1919 den Namen \u201eCentral-Lichtspiele\u201c und wurde mehrfach vergr\u00f6\u00dfert, zuletzt 1940 auf ca. 800 Pl\u00e4tze. Mit dem \u201eFilm-Palast Lindenau\u201c (Hausnummer 31) kam am ersten Weihnachtsfeiertag 1919 ein weiteres Kino mit 927 Pl\u00e4tzen hinzu.\n\nAuf der Leutzscher Flur hie\u00df die heutige Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe bis in H\u00f6he des Leutzscher Rathauses urspr\u00fcnglich Hauptstra\u00dfe, ihre Verl\u00e4ngerung nach einem gleichnamigen Vorwerk Barnecker Stra\u00dfe. Auch in Leutzsch wurden ausgehend vom alten Dorfzentrum nach S\u00fcdosten und Nordwesten historistische Wohn- und Gesch\u00e4ftsh\u00e4user als Blockrandbebauung angelegt. Insgesamt wurde Leutzsch jedoch im Vergleich zu Lindenau erst sp\u00e4t und eher z\u00f6gernd vom Bauboom um Leipzig erfasst. Die Bebauung im Umfeld der Stra\u00dfe ist hier deshalb wesentlich lockerer und die Industriebauten sind meist deutlich von den Wohnbauten getrennt. Im Leutzscher Teil der Stra\u00dfe gab es bereits ab ca. 1908 einen kleinen Kinosaal mit 105 Sitzpl\u00e4tzen unter dem Namen \u201eApollo-Kinemathograph\u201c, jedoch wurde das kurz darauf in \u201eVolks-Theater\u201c umbenannte Kino bereits 1913 wieder geschlossen. An seine Stelle traten 1919 bis 1923 zwei weitere Kinos\u00e4le in der parallel verlaufenden Lindenauer Stra\u00dfe, der heutigen William-Zipperer-Stra\u00dfe. Vier Jahre nach der Eingemeindung von Leutzsch nach Leipzig erhielt die Stra\u00dfe 1926 den Namen des kurz zuvor verstorbenen Reichspr\u00e4sidenten Friedrich Ebert.\n\nNach der Macht\u00fcbernahme durch die Nationalsozialisten 1933 wurden die Lindenauer Gundorfer Stra\u00dfe und die Leutzscher Friedrich-Ebert-Stra\u00dfe durchgehend in der vollen L\u00e4nge nach der NS-M\u00e4rtyrerfigur Albert Leo Schlageter in Schlageterstra\u00dfe umbenannt, wobei die Hausnummerierung in Leutzsch ge\u00e4ndert werden musste. Am Anfang der Schlageterstra\u00dfe mit seinen beiden Kinos und mehreren Kneipen traf sich eine der gr\u00f6\u00dften oppositionellen Jugendgruppen in Leipzig, der sogenannten Leipziger Meuten. Die aus bis zu 100 Jugendlichen bestehende Gruppe trug die Bezeichnung \u201eReeperbahn\u201c nach dem Spitznamen des Stra\u00dfenabschnitts. 1939 wurde sie wie auch andere Gruppen zuvor durch die Gestapo und das Leipziger Jugendamt zerschlagen und viele Mitglieder verhaftet, zu Gef\u00e4ngnisstrafen verurteilt oder in Umerziehungslager eingewiesen. Zur gleichen Zeit mussten eine Reihe von j\u00fcdischen Gesch\u00e4ftsinhabern ihre Lebensgrundlage im Zuge der sogenannten \u201eArisierung\u201c aufgeben, so etwa das bekannte Gesch\u00e4ft \u201eSchuh-Baer\u201c an der Ecke zur Holteistra\u00dfe. Ab 1941 wurden j\u00fcdische Bewohner der Schlageter- und der Nachbarstra\u00dfen, die nicht zuvor fliehen konnten oder wollten, in Ghettos, Arbeits- und Vernichtungslager deportiert und umgebracht.\n\nNach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges lie\u00df die US-amerikanische Besatzungsmacht am 19. Mai 1945 den Namen Schlageterstra\u00dfe aufheben und benannte den gesamten Stra\u00dfenzug in Gundorfer Stra\u00dfe um, wobei nun auch der Leutzscher Abschnitt diese Bezeichnung bekam. Nach dem Wechsel Leipzigs in die Sowjetische Besatzungszone erhielt die Stra\u00dfe am 1.\u00a0August 1945 den Namen des Antifaschisten Georg Schwarz, der bis zu seiner Verhaftung und Hinrichtung im Januar desselben Jahres hier im Haus Nummer 24 seine Wohnung hatte. Die Bev\u00f6lkerungszahlen nahmen aufgrund der Fl\u00fcchtlinge und Vertriebenen aus den deutschen Siedlungsgebieten in Ostmitteleuropa erneut betr\u00e4chtlich zu.\n\nAb den 1960er Jahren f\u00fchrten die Konzentration des Wohnungsbaus in der DDR auf die Gro\u00dfwohnsiedlungen am Stadtrand, vor allem in Neulindenau und Gr\u00fcnau, und die damit einhergehende, auch ideologisch begr\u00fcndete Vernachl\u00e4ssigung der Gr\u00fcnderzeitquartiere zu einem massiven Bev\u00f6lkerungsverlust. Die \u201eCentral-Lichtspiele\u201c schlossen bereits 1963, und 1971 folgte auch das Kino \u201eFilm-Palast\u201c. Die von 1974 bis 1980 erfolgte Teilsanierung einiger Wohnbl\u00f6cke im Bereich des Diakonissenkrankenhauses konnte die negative Entwicklung des Gebietes um die Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe nicht aufhalten. Gleichzeitig wurde das Viertel aber auch Heimstatt f\u00fcr eine Reihe von bekannten oppositionellen K\u00fcnstlern und B\u00fcrgerrechtlern, so etwa Siegmar Faust, Wolfgang Hilbig, Manfred Krug, Gert Neumann, Gesine Oltmanns oder Kathrin Walther. In den 1980er Jahren war Lindenau eines der Zentren der Punk-Bewegung in Leipzig, in der bekannte Bands wie \u201eWutanfall\u201c oder \u201eL\u2019Attentat\u201c lebten, probten und h\u00e4ufiger auftraten. In der Holteistra\u00dfe, einer kleinen Querstra\u00dfe der Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe, wurde 1981 eines der ersten H\u00e4user in der DDR besetzt.\n\nNach der politischen Wende in der DDR und vor allem nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung beschleunigte sich die negative soziale Entwicklung weiter, da viele der kleinen Ladengesch\u00e4ft entlang der Stra\u00dfe dem Konkurrenzdruck der neu entstandenen Einkaufszentren im Stadtrand nicht standhalten konnten und aufgegeben wurden. Derzeit wird die Stra\u00dfe gepr\u00e4gt durch eine Reihe von st\u00e4dtebaulichen M\u00e4ngeln und sozialen Problemen, die sich auch auf die Stadtteile Leutzsch und Lindenau negativ auswirken. Seit etwa 2008 bestehen daher verst\u00e4rkte Bem\u00fchungen von Seiten der Leipziger Stadtverwaltung und einer Reihe von lokalen Akteuren, die soziale, kulturelle und stadtr\u00e4umliche Situation entlang der Stra\u00dfe zu verbessern und damit wieder an ihre alte Bedeutung anzukn\u00fcpfen.\n\nVerkehr \n\nZur Erschlie\u00dfung der Wohngebiete im n\u00f6rdlichen Lindenau und in Leutzsch wurde entlang der Stra\u00dfe von der Gro\u00dfen Leipziger Stra\u00dfenbahn (GLSt) eine Stra\u00dfenbahntrasse angelegt und am 27. Januar 1899 in Betrieb genommen. Sie f\u00fchrt als Abzweig einer \u00e4lteren Lindenauer Trasse entlang der heutigen Odermannstra\u00dfe durch die Demmering- und Merseburger Stra\u00dfe. Von dort aus biegt sie in die Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe ein, an der damals vier Haltestellen existierten. Zun\u00e4chst lag das Trassenende am Rathaus Leutzsch, doch wurde bereits am 14. April 1899 eine Verl\u00e4ngerung nach Westen bis zur Endstelle am heutigen Bahnhof Leipzig-Leutzsch er\u00f6ffnet und hier 1908 ein Stra\u00dfenbahnhof errichtet. Von der Leipziger Au\u00dfenbahn AG wurde im Jahr 1907 zur Erschlie\u00dfung der Gemeinden B\u00f6hlitz-Ehrenberg und Gundorf die Gundorfer Stra\u00dfenbahntrasse angelegt, die vom Rathaus Leutzsch durch die damalige Hauptstra\u00dfe und die Leipziger Stra\u00dfe durch B\u00f6hlitz-Ehrenberg und weiter nach Gundorf f\u00fchrte. 1928 wurde die Gleisschleife an der Philipp-Reis-Stra\u00dfe als eine neue Endstelle der Gro\u00dfen Leipziger Stra\u00dfenbahn gebaut.\n\nDie Streckenf\u00fchrung zwischen Leutzscher Rathaus und Bahnhof Leutzsch (Linie 27) wurde 2001 im Zuge der Netzreform der Leipziger Verkehrsbetriebe (LVB) aufgegeben. Seither f\u00fchrt die Linie 7 (fr\u00fcher Linie 17) durch die Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe bis zur Endstelle \u201eB\u00f6hlitz-Ehrenberg, Burghausener Stra\u00dfe\u201c in Gundorf.\n\nIm Zuge der Neuordnung des S-Bahnverkehrs mit Inbetriebnahme des City-Tunnels Leipzig wurde der Bahnhof Leipzig-Leutzsch in einer netzerg\u00e4nzenden Ma\u00dfnahme mit dem ehemaligen Haltepunkt Industriegel\u00e4nde West zu der neuen Station an der Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe mit bequemer Umsteigem\u00f6glichkeit zum Stra\u00dfenbahnverkehr zusammengefasst.\n\nBebauung \n\nDie Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe ist auf beiden Seiten von mehrheitlich sanierten historistischen Wohnh\u00e4usern mit vier oder f\u00fcnf Geschossen in noch weitestgehend geschlossener Blockrandbebauung ges\u00e4umt. Die Stra\u00dfenbreite betr\u00e4gt stellenweise nur 13 m. Unterbrochen wird diese Blockrandbebauung erstmals im Bereich der ehemaligen Uhlandschule (heute F\u00f6rderzentrum Sprachheilschule \u201eK\u00e4the Kollwitz\u201c, Schulteil B). Etwa in der Mitte der Stra\u00dfe liegt der ausgedehnte Komplex des Evangelischen Diakonissenkrankenhauses. Gegen\u00fcber auf der nord\u00f6stlichen Stra\u00dfenseite befinden sich vier Stra\u00dfenkarrees mit \u00fcberwiegend unsanierten und unbewohnten H\u00e4usern aus den Jahrzehnten um 1900, die in den n\u00e4chsten Jahren durch die Leipziger Stadtbau AG zu einem attraktiven Wohnstandort entwickelt werden sollen.\n\nIm Ortsteil Leutzsch ist die Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe zwar nur unwesentlich breiter als in Lindenau, jedoch wirkt der Stra\u00dfenraum durch die niedrigeren H\u00e4user nicht so eng. Erst hinter dem neuen Einkaufszentrum Leutzsch weitet sich die Stra\u00dfe auf 18 m. Durch eine Reihe von Hausabbr\u00fcchen insbesondere im Zuge des Stadtumbaus seit den sp\u00e4ten 1990er Jahren und dadurch entstandene Brachfl\u00e4chen, die sich \u00fcber mehrere Grundst\u00fccke erstrecken, ist die st\u00e4dtebauliche Struktur in Leutzsch stark beeintr\u00e4chtigt. Aus der Reihe der Blockrandbauten des Historismus und der 20er Jahre hebt sich die Villa in der Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe 128 ab, in der bis 1995 die Stadtteilbibliothek Leutzsch eingerichtet war, dann lange Zeit leer stand und aktuell von einer Familie renoviert wird, die die Villa gekauft hat. Von hier besteht eine Verbindung zu dem in den Jahren 2003 bis 2006 angelegten Stadtteilpark am \u201eWasserschloss Leutzsch\u201c. Die sternf\u00f6rmige Stra\u00dfenkreuzung im alten Ortskern wird gepr\u00e4gt durch das Rathaus Leutzsch und die Geb\u00e4ude der 157. Schule.\nAuf dem Gel\u00e4nde einer ehemaligen Gie\u00dferei er\u00f6ffnete 2004 das Einkaufszentrum \u201eLeutzsch Arkaden\u201c.\n\nVon den etwa 180 Wohn- und Gesch\u00e4ftsh\u00e4usern entlang der Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe zwischen Merseburger Stra\u00dfe und Pfingstweide stehen 137 Geb\u00e4ude unter Denkmalschutz. Etwa die H\u00e4lfte von ihnen ist saniert.\n\nLiteratur \n\n B\u00fcrgerverein Leutzsch e.V: Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe \u2013 eine lebendige Meile?! Leipzig 2009. http://www.blickpunkt-leutzsch.de/Handlungskonzept_Georg-Schwarz-Stra%C3%9Fe.pdf\n\n Jeanette M\u00fcller: Transformationsprozesse in St\u00e4dten. Was wird aus Hauptverkehrsstra\u00dfen in Gr\u00fcnderzeitquartieren? Das Beispiel Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe in Leipzig-Leutzsch . Diplomarbeit Leipzig 2005. DSSW-Materialien Online Ressource: http://www.irbnet.de/daten/rswb/07129000082.pdf\n\nWeblinks \n www.georg-schwarz-strasse.de\n\nStra\u00dfe in Leipzig\nStra\u00dfe in Europa", "meta": {"title": "Georg-Schwarz-Stra\u00dfe", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg-Schwarz-Stra%C3%9Fe", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Natalia Pilarczyk (ur. 17 czerwca 1996) \u2013 polska judoczka.\n\nZawodniczka UKS Kokodan Toru\u0144 (od 2009). Br\u0105zowa medalistka mistrzostw Polski seniorek 2013 w kategorii powy\u017cej 78 kg. Ponadto medalistka m\u0142odzie\u017cowych mistrzostw Polski (2014 - srebro, 2015 - br\u0105z, 2016 - br\u0105z, 2017 - br\u0105z) i mistrzostw Polski juniorek (2013 - br\u0105z).\n\nBibliografia \n Natalia Pilarczyk w bazie judoinside.com\n Natalia Pilarczyk w bezie judostat.pl\n\nUrodzeni w 1996\nPolscy judocy\nLudzie sportu zwi\u0105zani z Toruniem", "meta": {"title": "Natalia Pilarczyk", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natalia%20Pilarczyk", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kuttner ist ein Familienname. Er wurde schon 1356 in dieser Form das erste Mal belegt, 1586 in der Form K\u00fcttener. Eine weitere Form des Namens ist K\u00fcttner. Der Name bedeutet \u201eKuttentr\u00e4ger\u201c (eine Kutte ist die traditionelle Ordenstracht der Franziskaner); h\u00e4ufig wurde er auch f\u00fcr den Hersteller dieser Kleidungsst\u00fccke verwendet.\n\nBekannte Namenstr\u00e4ger \n Astrid Kuttner (* 1958), ehemalige \u00f6sterreichische Politikerin (Die Gr\u00fcnen)\n Erich Kuttner (1887\u20131942), deutscher Journalist und preu\u00dfischer Politiker (SPD)\n Henry Kuttner (1915\u20131958), US-amerikanischer Schriftsteller\n Georg Kuttner (1877\u20131916), deutscher Rechtswissenschaftler\n J\u00fcrgen Kuttner (* 1958), deutscher Kulturwissenschaftler und Moderator\n Manfred Kuttner (1937\u20132007), deutscher Maler\n Max Kuttner (1883\u20131953), deutscher S\u00e4nger (Tenor)\n Sarah Kuttner (* 1979), deutsche Fernsehmoderatorin und Schriftstellerin\n Stephan Kuttner (1907\u20131996), deutsch-amerikanischer Kirchenrechtler\n\nSiehe auch \n Kutte\n K\u00fcttner\n Sarah Kuttner \u2013 Die Show\n\nFamilienname", "meta": {"title": "Kuttner", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuttner", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0414\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441 () \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0427\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0420\u0430\u0458\u043e\u043d. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 1024 \u043c.\n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 7 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448  \n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0420\u0430\u0458\u043e\u043d (\u0427\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441)\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u0414\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441 (\u0420\u0430\u0458\u043e\u043d)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%20%28%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jean-Pierre Fran\u00e7ois (born on 7 June 1965) is a French singer and former footballer. He remained particularly known for his 1989 summer hit \"Je te survivrai\", a love song written by Didier Barbelivien, which reached number 2 on the French Singles Chart.\n\nCareer\nFran\u00e7ois began his football career with CS Bl\u00e9nod et Pont-\u00e0-Mousson. He played for Dijon from 1983 to 1986. Following a short spell with FC Basel in Switzerland he returned to France to play for AS Saint-\u00c9tienne in the 1987\u201388 season.\n\nIn 1989, Fran\u00e7ois began a singing career with his smash hit \"Je te survivrai\", then with \"Il a neig\u00e9 sur lacs\" and \"Des Nuits\", released in early 1990. The same year, he also released his first and sole album entitled Des Nuits, which contains a duet with Debbie Davis, but it was not successful. He decided to leave the show-biz, and became owner of a discoth\u00e8que in Saint-Cyprien.\n\nIn 2004, his daughter Sandy, participated in the French TV reality show Star Academy 4.\n\nDiscography\n\nAlbums\n 1990: Des Nuits\n \"1\u00e8re Main\"\n \"Des Nuits\"\n \"Il a neig\u00e9 sur les lacs\"\n \"Je l'ai revue hier soir\"\n \"Je te survivrai\"\n \"La Gamine\"\n \"L'amour sans rien dire\"\n \"Peut-\u00eatre toi, peut-\u00eatre un autre\"\n \"Y'a des heures\" by Jean-Pierre Fran\u00e7ois and Debbie Davis\n\nSingles\n 1989: \"Je te survivrai\" \u2013 #2 in France\n 1990: \"Il a neig\u00e9 sur les lacs\" \u2013 #6 in France\n 1990: \"Des Nuits\" \u2013 #38 in France\n 1990: \"La Gamine\"\n\nReferences\n\nLiving people\n1965 births\nFrench male singers\nAssociation football forwards\nFrench footballers\nAS Saint-\u00c9tienne players\nDijon FCO players\nFC Basel players", "meta": {"title": "Jean-Pierre Fran\u00e7ois", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre%20Fran%C3%A7ois", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "va ser un matem\u00e0tic itali\u00e0.\n\nVida i Obra \nInsolera va fer els estudis primaris a la seva vila natal, a la prov\u00edncia de Siracusa, i els secundaris a Cat\u00e0nia on s'havia traslladat la fam\u00edlia. Va cursar estudis universitaris a Roma amb els professors Guido Castelnuovo i Vito Volterra i es va graduar el 1902. Despr\u00e9s de fer d'assistent del professor Tullio Bagni, qui el va interessar pel c\u00e0lcul actuarial, va ser cap de l'oficina actuarial del Istituto Nazionale della Previdenza Sociale.\n\nEl 1914 va obtenir per oposici\u00f3 la c\u00e0tedra de matem\u00e0tica financera al Istituto Superiore di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali de Tor\u00ed, instituci\u00f3 que va dirigir entre 1927 i 1929 i que el 1935 es va convertir en la facultat d'econ\u00f2miques de la universitat de Tor\u00ed. El 1919, juntament amb Salvatore Ortu-Carboni, va fundar la revista Giornale di matematica finanziaria.\n\nEl 1932 es va traslladar a Roma per ocupar un c\u00e0rrec oficial, mantenint la seva c\u00e0tedra a Tor\u00ed. En acabar la Segona Guerra Mundial, el 1945-1946, va ser investigat per la comissi\u00f3 desfeixistadora, que el va acusar de ser un feixista de primera fornada, per\u00f2 finalment en va ser exculpat i adm\u00e8s a la nova It\u00e0lia antifeixista.\n\nVa morir sobtadament a Mil\u00e0 mentre presidia un tribunal d'oposicions.\n\nEls treballs d'Insolera se centren en l'astad\u00edsitca, el c\u00e0lcul actuarial i la matem\u00e0tica financera, essent un dels introductors de conceptes estad\u00edstics avan\u00e7ats a It\u00e0lia. Va se l'autor dels influents tractats Elementi di matematica finanziaria ed attuariale (1916), Corso di matematica finanziaria (1923) i Trattato di scienza attuariale en tres volums (1947-1950) dedicats respectivament a la teoria de la superviv\u00e8ncia, de la capitalitzaci\u00f3 i de l'amortitzaci\u00f3.\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies\n\nBibliografia\n\nEnlla\u00e7os externs \n  \n  \n  \n\nMatem\u00e0tics del segle XX\nPersones de la prov\u00edncia de Siracusa\nMorts a Mil\u00e0\nAlumnes de la Universitat de Roma La Sapienza\nMatem\u00e0tics sicilians", "meta": {"title": "Filadelfo Insolera", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filadelfo%20Insolera", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "P\u00f3\u0142kula po\u0142udniowa \u2013 cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 kuli ziemskiej, p\u00f3\u0142kula po\u0142o\u017cona na po\u0142udnie od r\u00f3wnika. Obejmuje szeroko\u015bci geograficzne od 0\u00b0 do 90\u00b0S.\n\nNa p\u00f3\u0142kuli po\u0142udniowej po\u0142o\u017cone s\u0105 cztery kontynenty: Antarktyda i Australia (w ca\u0142o\u015bci) oraz Ameryka Po\u0142udniowa i Afryka (cz\u0119\u015bciowo). S\u0105 one rozdzielone przez oceany: Atlantycki, Indyjski, Spokojny. W por\u00f3wnaniu z p\u00f3\u0142kul\u0105 p\u00f3\u0142nocn\u0105, p\u00f3\u0142kula po\u0142udniowa ma wi\u0119cej obszar\u00f3w wodnych ni\u017c l\u0105dowych \u2013 18,7% stanowi\u0105 l\u0105dy, a 81,3% \u2013 oceany.\n\nNa p\u00f3\u0142kuli po\u0142udniowej pory roku s\u0105 przesuni\u0119te o p\u00f3\u0142 roku w stosunku do p\u00f3r roku na p\u00f3\u0142kuli p\u00f3\u0142nocnej. R\u00f3wnie\u017c \u2013 odwrotnie ni\u017c na p\u00f3\u0142kuli p\u00f3\u0142nocnej \u2013 zachowuje si\u0119 S\u0142o\u0144ce przemierzaj\u0105c podczas swojej dziennej w\u0119dr\u00f3wki po niebosk\u0142onie p\u00f3\u0142nocn\u0105 stron\u0119 nieba. Dlatego te\u017c mieszka\u0144com p\u00f3\u0142kuli po\u0142udniowej poj\u0119cie zimna kojarzy si\u0119 z po\u0142udniem, a ciep\u0142a z p\u00f3\u0142noc\u0105.\n\nObszary p\u00f3\u0142kuli po\u0142udniowej s\u0105 s\u0142abo zaludnione i w por\u00f3wnaniu z p\u00f3\u0142nocn\u0105 raczej biedniejsze. M\u00f3wi si\u0119 cz\u0119sto o bogatej P\u00f3\u0142nocy i biednym Po\u0142udniu (zobacz: konflikt P\u00f3\u0142noc-Po\u0142udnie). Jedynie Australia i Nowa Zelandia reprezentuj\u0105 wysoki poziom rozwoju gospodarczego. Jednocze\u015bnie p\u00f3\u0142kula ta jest mniej zanieczyszczona \u2013 w\u0142a\u015bnie dlatego, \u017ce zamieszkuje j\u0105 mniej ludzi i jest s\u0142abiej zindustrializowana, co wynika g\u0142\u00f3wnie z tego, \u017ce w najkorzystniejszej dla ludzi strefie klimatu umiarkowanego nie ma znacz\u0105cych mas l\u0105du.\n\nNa p\u00f3\u0142kuli po\u0142udniowej znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 szeroko\u015bci geograficzne, nie posiadaj\u0105ce sta\u0142ego l\u0105du na ca\u0142ym swoim obwodzie, zwane przez \u017ceglarzy rycz\u0105cymi czterdziestkami i wyj\u0105cymi pi\u0119\u0107dziesi\u0105tkami. Brak l\u0105du powoduje, \u017ce s\u0105 to pasy niezwykle silnych sta\u0142ych sztorm\u00f3w i huragan\u00f3w \u2013 czego odpowiednika na p\u00f3\u0142kuli p\u00f3\u0142nocnej nie ma.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n biegun po\u0142udniowy\n p\u00f3\u0142kula p\u00f3\u0142nocna\n zwrotnik Kozioro\u017cca\n\nZiemia", "meta": {"title": "P\u00f3\u0142kula po\u0142udniowa", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3%C5%82kula%20po%C5%82udniowa", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sittou Raghadat Mohamed ( \u00e0 Ouani, Anjouan, Comores - ) est une ancienne ministre et d\u00e9put\u00e9e des Comores. Actuellement, elle est la pr\u00e9sidente de la CNDHL (Commission nationale des droits de l'Homme et des libert\u00e9s) des Comores.\n\nQualifi\u00e9e par les m\u00e9dias comoriens de \u00ab\u00a0symbole de la lutte des femmes comoriennes\u00a0\u00bb ou encore de la \u00ab\u00a0pionni\u00e8re et la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en mati\u00e8re de femmes aux Comores\u00a0\u00bb, elle est la premi\u00e8re femme ministre et \u00e9lue d\u00e9put\u00e9e aux Comores.\n\nBiographie \n\nApr\u00e8s avoir effectu\u00e9 ses \u00e9tudes sup\u00e9rieures  et obtenu  son dipl\u00f4me \u00e0 l'ENS (\u00c9cole nationale sup\u00e9rieure) de M'vuni aux Comores au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1980, elle a enseign\u00e9 pendant plusieurs ann\u00e9es le fran\u00e7ais et l\u2019histoire-g\u00e9ographie dans diff\u00e9rents coll\u00e8ges du pays et au lyc\u00e9e Said-Mohamed-Cheik de Moroni, avant d\u2019\u00eatre nomm\u00e9e secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat \u00e0 la Condition f\u00e9minine et \u00e0 la Population en 1991 par le pr\u00e9sident Said Mohamed Djohar. \n\nDe 1991 \u00e0 1996, elle a assum\u00e9 de hautes responsabilit\u00e9s politiques : Haut commissaire \u00e0 la condition f\u00e9minine, ministre des Affaires sociales, conseill\u00e8re sp\u00e9ciale du pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique et secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale adjointe du gouvernement. Elle est aussi \u00e9lue d\u00e9put\u00e9e.\n\nParall\u00e8lement \u00e0 ses activit\u00e9s politiques, elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 enseignante \u00e0 l\u2019IFERE (Institut de formation des enseignants et de recherche en \u00c9ducation) \u00e0 l'universit\u00e9 des Comores et pr\u00e9sidente de FAWECOM (Forum des \u00c9ducatrices aux Comores), une antenne de l'ONG FAWE (Forum des \u00c9ducatrices Africaines) durant plusieurs ann\u00e9es. Elle est aussi secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du parti politique RDR de 2012 \u00e0 2016. \n\nDe 2016 \u00e0 , elle est pr\u00e9sidente de la FEPOI.Com (plateforme des Femmes en politique de l'oc\u00e9an Indien / Antenne des Comores). \n\nEn , elle est \u00e9lue pr\u00e9sidente de la Commission nationale des droits de l'Homme et des libert\u00e9s (CNDHL).\n\nJusqu'\u00e0 son \u00e9lection au poste de pr\u00e9sidente de la CNDHL, elle est aussi conseill\u00e8re municipale de la commune de Ouani (Ndzuwani-Comores).\n\nExp\u00e9riences professionnelles et politiques  \n Depuis  : pr\u00e9sidente de la CNDHL (Commission nationale des droits de l'Homme et des libert\u00e9s)\n De 2016 \u00e0  : pr\u00e9sidente de la PFPOICOM (Plate forme des femmes en politique de l'oc\u00e9an Indien / Antenne des Comores)\n De 1996 \u00e0 2013 : enseignante et directrice des m\u00e9moires \u00e0 l\u2019IFERE (Institut de formation des enseignants et de recherche en \u00e9ducation \u00e0 l'universit\u00e9 des Comores).\n 1995-1996 : secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale adjointe du gouvernement\n Mai \u2013  : ministre des Affaires sociales, de la Population, du Travail et de l'Emploi.\n Mars \u2013  : conseill\u00e8re du pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique charg\u00e9e des affaires sociales.\n 1994 : ministre des Affaires sociales, du Travail et de l'Emploi.\n : \u00e9lue d\u00e9put\u00e9e des Comores\n 1992 : Haut Commissaire charg\u00e9e de la Promotion de la femme et de la Protection sociale.\n 1991 \u2013 1992 : secr\u00e9taire d'\u00c9tat \u00e0 la Condition f\u00e9minine et \u00e0 la Population.\n 1986 \u2013 1991 : formatrice des professeurs stagiaires au coll\u00e8ge de la Coul\u00e9e \u00e0 Moroni.\n 1983 \u2013 1986 : professeur de fran\u00e7ais et d'histoire-g\u00e9ographie dans diff\u00e9rents coll\u00e8ges de Ngazidja, \u00e0 l'\u00c9cole nationale de la sant\u00e9 (ENS) et au lyc\u00e9e Said-Mohamed-Cheik de Moroni.\n\nExp\u00e9riences extraprofessionnelles \n\n De 2013 \u00e0 2016 : secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du parti RDR\n De 2008 \u00e0 2013 : secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du FAWECOM\n De 2003 \u00e0 2008 : pr\u00e9sidente du FAWECOM\n 2000-2003 : secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Forum des \u00c9ducatrices (FAWECOM)\n 1999 : membre fondatrice et pr\u00e9sidente du club sportif Zaharia (CSZA)\n 1998 : membre fondatrice de l'Union des femmes comoriennes pour la d\u00e9mocratie (UFCD).\n 1995 :\n Membre fondatrice du R\u00e9seau national femme et d\u00e9veloppement (RNFD)\n Membre fondatrice de l\u2019association f\u00e9minine d'entraide des m\u00e8res \u00ab Banatil Ha\u00efriya \u00bb \u00e0 Ouani Anjouan (AFEM)\n Membre et conseill\u00e8re technique de l'association pour l\u2019Amiti\u00e9 entre les Comores et la Chine.\n 1993 : Membre du bureau politique du RDR\n 1992 : cofondatrice et membre du bureau politique  de l'UDD (Union des d\u00e9mocrates pour la d\u00e9centralisation)\n 1991 : \u00e9lue membre du bureau politique du parti UDZIMA.\n\nPublications et communications\n 2018 : Combats, publi\u00e9 aux \u00c9ditions Coelacanthe en France \n 2001 : Le Code de la famille : l\u2019espoir est permis (article paru dans le bulletin du FAWECOM n\u00b01 de  \u00e0 )\n 1999 :\nLa nouvelle forme de l\u2019esclavage (article paru dans La Gazette des Comores n\u00b049 du 15 au ).\nFemmes et engagement politique : le cas des Comores ind\u00e9pendantes (communication du colloque international sur la femme et les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s pluriculturelles de l'oc\u00e9an Indien organis\u00e9 \u00e0 l'universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union).\n 1996 :\n Quel avenir pour les enfants \u00ab confi\u00e9s \u00bb \u00e0 des familles d\u2019accueil ? (article paru dans le journal Al-Watwan n\u00b0436 du  au ).\n Femme comorienne : de la r\u00e9ticence au combat politique (article paru dans le journal Al-Watwan n\u00b0440 du  au ).\n 1983 : La condition de la femme comorienne (m\u00e9moire de fin d\u2019\u00e9tudes \u00e0 l\u2019ENES des COMORES, 53 pages).\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticle connexe \nListe de personnalit\u00e9s politiques des Comores\n\nPionni\u00e8re en politique\nMinistre comorienne\nMinistre comorien des Affaires sociales\nMinistre comorien des Femmes\nMinistre comorien du Travail\nNaissance en juillet 1952\nF\u00e9ministe comorienne\nParlementaire aux Comores", "meta": {"title": "Sittou Raghadat Mohamed", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sittou%20Raghadat%20Mohamed", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Saint Lucia \u00e4r ett land i V\u00e4stindien som omfattar huvudsakligen den \u00f6 som har samma namn, mellan Martinique och Saint Vincent. I huvudstaden Castries finns en naturlig hamn. \u00d6n \u00e4r ungef\u00e4r lika stor som Bornholm.\n\nHistoria \nP\u00e5 \u00f6n bosatte sig f\u00f6rst arawakindianer och senare karibindianer, av sig sj\u00e4lva kallade kalinago, som ursprungligen kom fr\u00e5n Sydamerika. Dessa kallade \u00f6n Hewanorra, \"d\u00e4r det finns iguaner\". Europ\u00e9er b\u00f6rjade anl\u00e4nda till \u00f6n fr\u00e5n b\u00f6rjan av 1500-talet, f\u00f6rst spanjorer som gav \u00f6n sitt namn fr\u00e5n det v\u00e4lk\u00e4nda helgonet med samma namn. Franska bos\u00e4ttare startade sockerr\u00f6rsodlingar under 1600-talet, men \u00f6vergick till brittiskt styre 1763. Frankrike och Storbritannien stred om \u00f6n som fick byta herre s\u00e5 ofta (totalt 14 g\u00e5nger) att den kom att kallas V\u00e4stindiens Sk\u00f6na Helena.\n\n\u00d6n blev slutligen brittisk \u00e5r 1814 efter kriget mot USA. Britterna fortsatte sockerr\u00f6rsodlingar med stor import av afrikanska slavar till dess slaveriet avskaffades 1834. \u00d6n ingick administrativt i de brittiska Lovart\u00f6arna och fick en f\u00f6rsta konstitution 1924 med en representativ regering. Efter att ha ing\u00e5tt i den misslyckade V\u00e4stindiska federationen fick \u00f6n full sj\u00e4lvst\u00e4ndighet 1979. United Workers Party, UWP, var det f\u00f6rsta politiska partiet och dess ledare John Crompton var \"premier\" fram till sj\u00e4lvst\u00e4ndigheten d\u00e5 han ocks\u00e5 blev landets f\u00f6rsta premi\u00e4rminister.\n\nGeografi \n Naturtillg\u00e5ngar: skogar, sandstr\u00e4nder, pimpsten\n\nKlimat och milj\u00f6 \n\nKlimatet \u00e4r tropiskt men mildras av passadvindarna. Regntiden varar fr\u00e5n maj till augusti. Det f\u00f6rekommer vulkanisk aktivitet och orkaner.\n\nEtt av Saint Lucias milj\u00f6problem \u00e4r avskogning med \u00e5tf\u00f6ljande jorderosion, speciellt i landets norra del. Landet har skrivit under, men inte ratificerat Kyotoprotokollet om klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar.\n\nPolitik \nLandet \u00e4r en parlamentarisk demokrati av brittisk modell. Parlamentet best\u00e5r av tv\u00e5 kammare, det folkvalda \"House of Assembly\" med 17 ledam\u00f6ter och en senat med 11 medlemmar utn\u00e4mnda av generalguvern\u00f6ren, som \u00e4r den formella statschefens, kung Charles III, representant. Det finns tv\u00e5 betydande partier, det mer konservativa United Workers Party, UWP och det mer socialdemokratiska St Lucia Labour Party, SLP.\n\nLandet \u00e4r en aktiv medlem i CARICOM och den subregionala samarbetsorganisationen OECS, Organization of Eastern Caribbean States.\n\nPremi\u00e4rminister \u00e4r sedan 2016 Allen Chastanet. Generalguvern\u00f6r \u00e4r sedan 2018 Neville Cenac.\n\nAdministrativ indelning \n\nSaint Lucia \u00e4r indelat i 10 quarters: Anse-la-Raye, Canaries, Castries, Choiseul, Dennery, Gros-Islet, Laborie, Micoud, Soufri\u00e8re och Vieux-Fort.\n\nEkonomi \nSt Lucias ekonomi \u00e4r mycket beroende av turismen, som st\u00e5r f\u00f6r en helt dominerande del (2/3) av ekonomin. \n\n\u00c4ven bananindustrin \u00e4r mycket viktig f\u00f6r Saint Lucia, men \u00e4ndrade inf\u00f6rselregler till EU och en \u00f6kad konkurrens fr\u00e5n Latinamerika har gjort det n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndigt f\u00f6r landet att hitta andra n\u00e4ringsgrenar. Man har lyckats locka till sig utl\u00e4ndska investeringar, speciellt inom bankverksamhet och turism, bland annat var man med och arrangerade VM i endagscricket 2007 f\u00f6r landslag. Man har ocks\u00e5 den mest varierade tillverkningsindustrin i \u00f6stra V\u00e4stindien. \n\nAll elektricitet produceras av fossila br\u00e4nslen.\n\nKommunikationer \nHewanorras internationella flygplats p\u00e5 s\u00f6dra delen av \u00f6n \u00e4r den st\u00f6rsta av \u00f6ns tv\u00e5 flygplatser.\n\nDemografi \n Befolkningens medellivsl\u00e4ngd: 74,4 \u00e5r (2010)\n Religi\u00f6s tillh\u00f6righet: katoliker 90 %, anglikaner 3 %, andra protestanter 7 %\n Spr\u00e5k: engelska, fransk kreol\nInv\u00e5narna talar engelska med turister och andra bes\u00f6kare, men franskbaserad kreol med varandra.\n\nKultur \nTv\u00e5 medborgare fr\u00e5n St Lucia har f\u00f6rl\u00e4nats nobelpris, n\u00e4mligen Arthur Lewis i ekonomi 1979 och Derek Walcott i litteratur 1992.\n\nInternationella rankningar\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\n \nNordamerikas l\u00e4nder\nV\u00e4stindiens l\u00e4nder\n\u00d6stater\nSamv\u00e4ldet\nSm\u00e5 Antillerna\nStater och territorier bildade 1979", "meta": {"title": "Saint Lucia", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint%20Lucia", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041d\u043e\u0440\u0442-\u041e\u043b\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0434 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e () \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410, \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0456 \u041a\u0430\u044f\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u041e\u0433\u0430\u0439\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014  \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 (2010).\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u041d\u043e\u0440\u0442-\u041e\u043b\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438  (41.414983, -81.919039).  \u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0411\u044e\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0432 2010 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0443 30,24\u00a0\u043a\u043c\u00b2, \u0443\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0417\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043c 2010 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e  \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0443  \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456  \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d. \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 1082\u00a0\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438/\u043a\u043c\u00b2.  \u0411\u0443\u043b\u043e 14500 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044c (480/\u043a\u043c\u00b2).\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:\n\n\u0414\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0447\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e 1,7 %. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 3,5 % \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0432.\n\n\u0417\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c: 20,7 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0456 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, 61,5 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 18\u201464 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, 17,8 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 65 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0456. \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 43,5 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443. \u041d\u0430 100 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456 \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e 93,4 \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0432;  \u043d\u0430 100 \u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445\u00a0\u2014 90,9 \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0454 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e  \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0432  \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410 (\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u2014 ), \u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0456\u043c'\u044e\u00a0\u2014  \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438 (\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u2014 ). \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430  \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430  \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u043a. \u0417\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u044e \u0431\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e 7,9 % \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431, \u0443 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0456 12,9 % \u0434\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 \u0434\u043e 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 6,7 % \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 65 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445.\n\n\u0426\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e  \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456: \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432'\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u00a0\u2014 20,4 %, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0456\u0432\u043b\u044f\u00a0\u2014 14,0 %, \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e\u00a0\u2014 14,0 %.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438\n\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \n\n\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u041e\u0433\u0430\u0439\u043e\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u041a\u0430\u044f\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0430 (\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433)", "meta": {"title": "\u041d\u043e\u0440\u0442-\u041e\u043b\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0434 (\u041e\u0433\u0430\u0439\u043e)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82-%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B4%20%28%D0%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Megalaemyia elsae is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Megalaemyia of the family Ulidiidae.\n\nReferences\n\nUlidiidae", "meta": {"title": "Megalaemyia elsae", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalaemyia%20elsae", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sypniewski (feminine Sypniewska) is a Polish surname centered on the Oder region where families bearing this surname are still found today. Sypniewskis can also be found all over the world, particularly in the United States, Brazil, and Germany.\n\n\"Sypniewski\" roughly translates as \"one who originates from Sypniewo' \u2013 (that is from Sypien's settlement). There are several manorial estates which bear the name of Sypniewo or a similar spelling as in the German \"Zippnow\".\n\nEtymology\nThe etymology of 'Sypien' suggests the use of water in association with the making or use of a clay vessel or fortification and the breeding or capture of fish. In short, the origins suggest a clan that lived either in a fortified place on or near water (rivers/lakes) or who kept game and fisheries. In all likelihood both options apply. Most of the old manorial estates bearing the name Sypniewo are located near or on a lake or river (i.e. Lake Margonin). In German the name is translated as 'Seeort' (place on the lake).\n\nNobility patent, manorial estates and origins\nThe Sypniewskis belong to Pomeranian nobility, Polish Szlachta (nobility), Prussian nobility, and later to German and Austrian nobilities (after partition of Poland), and, although mentioned already c. 1390 and earlier (as Siebnitz and/or Zipniv Pomeranian nobility), obtained a formal Polish nobility patent in writing from the king Casimir IV Jagiellon, who granted them the right to keep and use the Odrow\u0105\u017c coat of arms in 1480. Zlota Ksiega Szlachty Polskiej (\"Golden Book of Polish Nobility\") states that the Sypniewski \u2013 Odrowaz arms are said to have come from the Podg\u00f3rze region, recorded around 1190 (there are still few Sypniewski families owning land and living in this area today). Their further nobility confirmations through Bonifacius Sypniewski is dated in 1483 and confirmed in German Nobility Book. A Jan Sypniewski resettled in the Brzesko-Litewskie province (presently part of Lithuania, back then center of Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth), and branches are found in Pozna\u0144, Nowy S\u0105cz, and Prussia. Around the 16th century, the Sypniewski family is found living in Greater Poland owning large manorial estates there, and later we find them in West Prussia on the estate of Zmijewie (Kojalowicz, Niesiecki, Goluchowski).\n\nVarious other documents found in Polish archives refer to the family and its holdings in and around, what was later to become, the Silesian and Prussian/German/Polish border. On the division of Poland in the 18th century, the Sypniewski family is then also mentioned as Prussian nobility, and is found in Siebmacher's Wappenbuch under the Odrow\u0105\u017c armories.\n\nIn the 14th century, a branch of the Prussian family von Runge (originating from an area around Wroclav/Breslau) adopted the surname Sypniewski.\n\nAt the turn of the 16th, and again at the 18th to 19th century, the family split into various and distinct branches, with some members moving to the Austrian province of Galicia (holding the Austrian title Ritter von Odrowaz or Ritter von Sypniewski (see also Ritter) granted by the Empress Maria Theresia), near the Ukraine and Moldavia, then on to Hungary and the Balkans. This Austrian branch produced several k.u.k. officers from the famous Theresian Military Academy in Vienna.\n\nEstates\n\nOne of the earliest recorded Sypniewski's estate transfers is from 1392, when Dobieslaw von Runge (Polish: Dobies\u0142aw Runge) married daughter of Janek from Sypniewo (Polish: Janek z Sypniewa / Janek Sypniewski, German: Johannes von Zippnow) and received Sypniewo (German: Zippnow) in dowry, as well as wedding promise of building first church there (it was completed and expanded in next decades). It is not known when exactly von Runge adopted his wife's family name, but most of their children were already known to use Sypniewski family name.\nSeveral estates called Sypniewo (which means in Polish \"the Sypniewski's Estate\" or \"Sypniewski's town\") still exist today, such as estate south of Samotschin in the former Kreis Chodziesen/Kolmar in Posen, and larger holding called Sypniewo (Zippnow) located north of Samotschin, in Z\u0142ot\u00f3w county. One of their largest estates near Wyrzysk was sold to King Frederick the Great in 1774. Most of Sypniewski's estates were located in former West Prussia, now part of Wielkopolska and Pomorze, Poland.  Wielkopolska, or Greater Poland, is referred to as crib, or home of the Polanie (a Slavic tribe that lived in the heart of Poland, from which name Polska \u2013 Poland \u2013 was later derived ); it also contains some of the oldest towns in today's Poland.\n\nSypniewskis also had estates in Polesie, formerly the largest province of Poland (currently part of Belarus and Ukraine), several near the city of \u017bytomierz (currently under Ukrainian jurisdiction since 1945) and large manorial estate crowned with beautiful palace until the end of the 18th century near the city of Gomel (currently under Belarusian jurisdiction since 1945); only portion of the cellars and some of the foundations in the ground is what remains today from this once wealthy estate, which used to provide living for about 500 peasant families. Politician Jan Odrowaz-Sypniewski was born there around 1760. He was a legate of the Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth's Great Parliament and one of the promoters of the first in Europe democratic Constitution of May 3, 1791 (and second in the world, after the United States Constitution). His grandson, Dyonizy Odrowaz-Sypniewski, an architect, exiled to United States and U.K., where he published \u2013 at his own expenses \u2013 many treatises and political books regarding Partitions of Poland and advocated for restitution of Poland in general. His avid anti-Russian, anti-Prussian and anti-Austrian activities didn't go well with U.K. government (all 3 countries being allies of British Empire at the time). Once he became persona non grata in Britain and was forced to leave the country, he settled in Brasil, where he built roads and bridges.\nPolesie was inhabited by Ruthenians, called Polesians; of Ukrainian descent. During the 16th and 17th centuries, Sypniewski were found in Polesia as a notable family mentioned in the Listracje (inventories) similar to the registry of England's Domesday Book. The Partitions of Poland and turbulent times of 18th and 19th centuries have forced many Polish families to emigrate to other regions of Europe (particularly Prussia) and later to emigrate further across the Oceans. Among many others: Heinrich Sypniewski from Cologne had a Eucalyptus farm in Brazil; Maria Anna Sypniewski from Bydgodzcz settled in Australia in 1835; Thaddeus Sypniewski landed in Halifax, Nova Scotia, then moved to Pennsylvania in 1850; Heinrich Sypniewski, Colonel of Austrian Empire Army, have been exiled/imprisoned in Siberia after the end of 1863 Polish January Uprising and killed there in 1866 (presumably in Uprising of Polish political exiles in Siberia). Julian Sypniewski tried to establish large farm in United States in 1876 (see California links below).\n\nSypniewskis could also be found near Bydgoszcz (German: Bromberg) and Wroclaw (German: Breslau) in the manor of Skoraszewice until World War II. Others were in Vienna, Passau, Nuremberg, Cologne, Sweden, Switzerland, and \u2013 to a lesser degree \u2013 in other European countries.\n\nList of existing estates\n\n Sypniewski's estate, Sypniewo, Wiecbork County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland \u2013 A \"Little Palace\", 2010\n Sypniewski's estate; Sypniewo (now part of Poznan city), Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poznan, Poland \u2013 The \"Manor under Plantan Tree\", 2011\n Sypniewski's estate; Sypniewo, Jastrowie County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland A \"Wayside Chapel\", 2011\n Sypniewski's estate; Sypniewo, Sypniewo County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland \u2013 bird's eye view of estate, 2007\n Sypniewski's estate; Sypniewo, Margonin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland Margonin Lake and parts of estate, 2010\n Sypniewski's estate; Zhytomyr, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine  \u2013 Partially restored old manor, 2006\n Sypniewski's estate, Skoraszewice, Pepowo County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland - almost fully restored palace, 2005\n\nArmorial records \n\nThe Sypniewskis use the Odrow\u0105\u017c clan arms.\n\nNOTE: Polish coats of arms were never provided for individuals or for individual families, but for a much wider group of clans people (a bit like sharing a tartan colour). The Polish nobleman added the name of his clan to the family name. In addition to the adjectival surname ending \"ski\" or \"cki\" meaning 'from' or 'of'. The standard form, for example, was \"Peter Sypniewski, herbu Odrow\u0105\u017c\" or simply \"Piotr Odrow\u0105\u017c Sypniewski\". In this century the surname Sypniewski has been transmuted into the Celtic d'Argantel Odrow\u0105\u017c.\n\nThe book, Galician Nobility, (Galicia was SE Poland as part of the Austrian Empire) lists the arms for Sypniewski (table 449): a family of Polish gentry from the Polish Province (Wojewodztwo) of Prussia, where they are first recorded in 1490. Descendant Boniface Sypniewski is entered in the records of Galicia in 1783. The coat of arms is Odrow\u0105\u017c.\n\nSiebmacher's Wappenbuch (Siebmacher's armorial reference book) under Preussischer Adel (Prussian Nobility), records Sypniewski (table 269), a Polish family, connected to the Odrowaz coat of arms, still 20 years ago (at the printing of the above stated book, c. 1840) in possession of a sizeable piece of farmland. Coat of arms: Look under Gliscinski III (Odrowaz).\n\nOdrow\u0105\u017c Coat of Arms\n\nDescription for the Sypniewski name\n.\n\nArms: Gules, an arrow argent point to chief, the base terminating as inverted horns. \n(Red, a silver arrow, point upwards, the base terminating as inverted horns) \nCrest: out of a crest coronet proper, a pananache of peacock plumes proper, charged with arms, fesseway (horizontally). \nMotto: No motto is recorded\n\n Heraldic Colors:\nArgent: silver and is usually depicted in heraldic painting as white \u2013 or: gold and is usually depicted in heraldic painting as yellow. Gules: red in heraldic language. Red is a royal color. Red/argent stands for bold and resolutely honest with martial prowess, boldness, and valor\n\n Heraldic Symbolism:\nArrows: arrows usually are traced to achievements of the original bearer during the Crusades. Arrows are symbolic of one who is ready and fit for military encounter. \n \nPeacock Feathers: the peacock represents personal pride. Feathers also symbolise conquests in Syria/Holy Land over the Saracens in the Crusades.\n\nDucal Coronet: The four leaves on the coronet surmounting the helmet were originally oak leaves, then changed to the Polish traditional strawberry leaves. Leaves symbolise victorious battle, and/or a title of nobility.\n\nComments\n\nThe Odrow\u0105\u017c arms are also prominently shown in the film Knights of the Teutonic Order (Polish: Krzy\u017cacy), one of the largest film productions ever in Poland, based on the novel of the same name by Nobel prize laureate, Henryk Sienkiewicz.\nKing W\u0142adys\u0142aw Jagie\u0142\u0142o \u2013 a historic person, king of Poland between 1381 and 1434 \u2013 was the first Polish king to recognize Sypniewski's Pomeranian nobility and to bestow them the Odrow\u0105\u017c coat of arms. It was very important event in Sypniewskis history and turning point in their genealogy, as from that moment on vast majority of Sypniewski's clan members were no longer identified as Pomeranian family, but chose to side with, and de facto became Poles. Sypniewski clan provided king Jagie\u0142\u0142o (and later his son, king Casimir IV Jagiellon) with knights, arms, soldiers, supplies and money in their fight against Teutonic Order and they took active part in taking of Bydgoszcz, famous Battle of Grunwald, long Thirteen Years' War, and in every war fought by Poland since (i.e. Rotmistrz (Captain of Cavalry, equivalent of modern Colonel) Jan Stefan Sypniewski had briefly occupied Moscow in 1605 during Polish\u2013Muscovite War)\n\nFeliks Sypniewski was a famous Polish Painter who later emigrated to Paris and is buried at the P\u00e8re Lachaise Cemetery.\n\nFelicjan Sypniewski was a scientist whose ground-breaking studies and scientific publications influenced the next generations of Polish naturalists and have laid down foundations of malacology and algology.\n\nRenowned sculptor Boles\u0142aw Sypniewski donated almost 2 years of his work for the mausoleum of the most famous leader of Second Polish Republic, Marshal J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski. His Matka i Serce Syna (Mother and Her Son's Heart) black granite tombstone  is still laying there today in Vilnius's Rossa Cemetery in Lithuania (back then part of Poland), where \u2013 in accordance with his wishes \u2013 the heart of Marshal Pi\u0142sudski was buried in his mother's tomb.\n\nSypniewskis have, over the millennium, produced gallant knights, politicians, artists, authors, engineers, officers, musicians, medical doctors, teachers, government administrators, few explorers, and even sportsmen in recent times.\n\nMembers of the Sypniewski family have been actively involved in Polish politics for seven centuries and took part in all Polish wars and uprisings, including Polish Underground Resistance and French Resistance during World War II (i.e. Jan Sypniewski, later known as Jan Slave, journalist at the Neue Z\u00fcrcher Zeitung).\n\nEven though by today many of the families bearing the surname Sypniewski may no longer be classified as being truly 'related', often physical traits are still intact. On the male side they usually are tall, with a high forehead and 'Geheimratsecken' (naturally receded hairline above the temple) with an oval face. Also certain forenames were given within the families and only with the advent of the World Wars was this changed. For example: Jan, Stanislas and Adalbert (or Albert) were very common. It is worthwhile to note that the large parish church in Margonin (near Sypniewo/Chrustowo) is named after Saint Patron of Sypniewski family \u2013 St Adalbert, and it was erected by Sypniewskis at the end of 14th Century.\n\nCalifornia links\n\nAs recounted in her memoirs, the actress Helena Modrzejewska (usually known as Helena Modjeska) emigrated to the United States in 1876. The group of emigrants who settled in Anaheim, California, also included Henryk Sienkiewicz and his good friend Julian Sypniewski, whose Sypniewski family stories and old tell-tales could have been \u2013 or most likely were \u2013 important inspirations for stories later written by Sienkiewicz in his novels. Julian's friend, Stanis\u0142aw Witkiewicz (father of famous Polish poet, writer and painter, Stanis\u0142aw Ignacy Witkiewicz) and Adam Chmielowski had planned to be part of this group, but they changed their minds at the last minute.\n\nNotable people\n\n Igor Sypniewski, Polish footballer\n Marian Sypniewski, Polish fencer, Olympic medalist\n Quinn Sypniewski, American football player\n Clarissa Sypniewski, German Actress\n David Sypniewski, USA - world renown snowboarder\n\nSources\n\nNiesiecki, Kasper Herbarz Polski by Kasper Niesiecki, S. J., Leipzig edition, 1839\u20131846. \nRitter von Sypniewski Odrowaz, Alfred; 50 Jahre Kaiser (\"50 Years Emperor\") Vienna, Austria, 1913\nF.W.F. von Schmitt; Der Kreis Flatow (\"Z\u0142ot\u00f3w County\"), Berlin, 1709\nSiebmacher's Wappenbuch (\"Book of Nobility's Coat of Arms\") M\u00fcnchen, Germany, 1605\nZ\u0142ota Ksi\u0119ga Szlachty Polskiej (\"Golden Book of Polish Nobility\")\nSypniewski Family archives and official records\nRecords of the Theresianum archives, Vienna, Austria\nSypniewo County archives, Poland\nRoman Catholic Church records, Poland & Germany\nEvangelical Church records, Poland & Germany\nDeak, Istvan Beyond Nationalism \u2013 A social and political history of the Habsburg Officer Corps 1848\u20131918 see page 159\nhttps://naprzekordniom.wordpress.com/2022/09/10/skoraszewice/\n\nReferences\n\nPolish-language surnames\nClan of Odrow\u0105\u017c\nPolish noble families\nPomeranian nobility", "meta": {"title": "Sypniewski", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sypniewski", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Las protestas iran\u00edes de 2021 son protestas en curso en Ir\u00e1n, en muchas regiones, para protestar por la escasez de agua y los apagones de electricidad en todo Ir\u00e1n, lo que alimenta la ira p\u00fablica. Las protestas estallaron el 15 de julio para protestar por la escasez de agua y la crisis, pero pronto se encontraron con la violencia y la brutalidad policial. Las protestas se han denominado Levantamiento de los sedientos.\n\nLas protestas comenzaron el 15 de julio en Juzest\u00e1n en respuesta a la crisis del agua, pero se extendieron r\u00e1pidamente a otras provincias y se volvieron de naturaleza pol\u00edtica, con manifestantes en varias ciudades pidiendo el fin del r\u00e9gimen actual.\n\nAntecedentes \nLa crisis del agua de Ir\u00e1n ha llegado a un punto cr\u00edtico. Incluso los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n estatales del r\u00e9gimen han reconocido la terrible situaci\u00f3n, con al menos 700 aldeas sin agua. \u201cDe los 85 millones de habitantes de Ir\u00e1n, alrededor de 28 millones viven en \u00e1reas con escasez de agua y est\u00e1n bajo presi\u00f3n en este sentido, principalmente en las regiones central y sur del pa\u00eds. La escasez de agua ha afectado a todos los sectores de la sociedad, desde los hogares urbanos hasta las comunidades agr\u00edcolas y rurales \u201d, escribi\u00f3 el aftab News, administrado por el estado, el domingo 4 de julio de 2021.\u201c La lucha de los b\u00fafalos en las aguas residuales de la ciudad que alguna vez fue la costa del humedal tiene un solo mensaje: una cat\u00e1strofe ambiental est\u00e1 ocurriendo en silencio \u201d, escribi\u00f3 al respecto el diario estatal Arman Daily, el 4 de julio.\n\nCronolog\u00eda\n\n15 de julio \nDurante los \u00faltimos d\u00edas, la crisis del agua en Ir\u00e1n, principalmente en el sur, alcanz\u00f3 un punto cr\u00edtico, dejando a la gente sin agua durante horas. La gente sali\u00f3 a las calles, culpando al r\u00e9gimen y lo que ven como sus pol\u00edticas corruptas. En Ahvaz, los alborotadores enojados bloquearon la carretera principal mientras protestaban por la grave escasez de agua en la noche del 15 de julio, lo que dio inicio a las protestas. \n\nSeg\u00fan informes de Ir\u00e1n, ciudades como Ahvaz, Bostan y Mahshahr fueron testigos de disturbios y enfrentamientos de personas con las fuerzas de seguridad. Se utilizaron disparos masivos para dispersar a multitudes de personas en muchas \u00e1reas, como Susangerd. En Hamidiyeh, hubo una fuerte presencia policial cuando m\u00e1s de 300 personas comenzaron manifestaciones cantando \u00a1Tengo sed!.\n\n16 de julio \nEl 16 de julio continuaron las protestas callejeras, con miles y miles de manifestantes marchando por las calles de Ahvaz, Mahshahr, Bushehr y Bostan. Seg\u00fan fuentes de los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n, una persona muri\u00f3 por disparos durante las protestas en el sureste de Ir\u00e1n. La gente arroj\u00f3 piedras mientras las protestas se desarrollaban durante la noche.\n\n17 de julio \nEl 17 de julio, cientos de videos circularon en l\u00ednea de periodistas ciudadanos y fuentes de medios de las marchas de protesta, como en Kut-e Abdollah, Karkheh y Shush, donde las fuerzas del r\u00e9gimen abrieron fuego contra los manifestantes y mataron a tres manifestantes. Se pueden escuchar disparos en otras ciudades mientras decenas de miles de manifestantes marcharon y prendieron fuego a veh\u00edculos y corearon consignas contra el gobierno.\n\n18 de julio \nEl 18 de julio, miles de personas volvieron a manifestarse en m\u00e1s zonas de Ir\u00e1n para protestar por la escasez de agua. Los videos mostraban a personas prendiendo fuego a los neum\u00e1ticos y bloqueando las carreteras con ira. Polic\u00edas antidisturbios con cascos y uniformes de camuflaje se enfrentaron a los manifestantes. La polic\u00eda tambi\u00e9n dispar\u00f3 escopetas en un video, aunque no estaba claro si se trataba de munici\u00f3n real o de los llamados \"proyectiles de bolsas de frijoles\" dise\u00f1ados para ser menos letales.\n\nEn la noche del 18 y el 19, las manifestaciones se intensificaron con m\u00e1s violencia y protestas. En Susangerd, j\u00f3venes desafiantes lucharon contra la Fuerza de Seguridad del Estado (SSF) fuertemente armada mientras gritaban: \"No aceptaremos la humillaci\u00f3n\" y \"La gente exige un cambio de r\u00e9gimen\". Las unidades especiales antidisturbios de las SSF intentaron dispersar a los manifestantes disparando gases lacrim\u00f3genos y gas pimienta, disparando p\u00e1jaros y apuntando directamente a los manifestantes indefensos, lo que hiri\u00f3 a muchas personas. Sin embargo, los j\u00f3venes se resistieron a ellos arrojando piedras mientras coreaban consignas contra el r\u00e9gimen. En Shush, los manifestantes rodearon la oficina del gobernador. Aterrorizados por la creciente ira de los manifestantes, la SSF se retir\u00f3 al edificio y cerr\u00f3 la puerta. Los desafiantes j\u00f3venes prendieron fuego en la carretera principal Ahvaz-Shush en el \u00e1rea de Al-Hayi al norte de Ahvaz y en la carretera principal en el \u00e1rea de Malashiah al sur de la ciudad. En Khorramshahr (suroeste de Juzest\u00e1n), para evitar la propagaci\u00f3n de las protestas, las fuerzas de seguridad del r\u00e9gimen establecieron puestos de control a la entrada de la ciudad y arrestaron a j\u00f3venes y manifestantes. Un polic\u00eda fue asesinado a tiros en la protesta..\n\n19 de julio \nEl 19 de julio, las protestas se intensificaron en Juzest\u00e1n Los videos de las protestas por el agua en la provincia de Juzest\u00e1n, que tiene una gran poblaci\u00f3n de \u00e1rabes iran\u00edes, muestran a los manifestantes gritando en \u00e1rabe: \"\u00a1Tenemos sed!\", \"\u00a1Queremos que caiga el r\u00e9gimen!\". Las carreteras fueron bloqueadas por la quema de neum\u00e1ticos y piedras en Ramhormoz mientras las manifestaciones ganaban fuerza en Ahvaz, donde m\u00e1s de 5000 personas se reunieron coreando Queremos que caiga el r\u00e9gimen. Los manifestantes pidieron a los gobernadores que dimitieran fuera de las gobernaciones de ambas \u00e1reas. En otros videos, para sofocar las protestas, se vio a la polic\u00eda disparando gases lacrim\u00f3genos y munici\u00f3n real para dispersar a los manifestantes. Se confirm\u00f3 la muerte de Ghasem Khaziri, de 17 a\u00f1os, de la ciudad suroccidental de Ahvaz, y de Mostafa Naemavi, de 30, de la cercana ciudad de Shadegan, durante nuevas manifestaciones del 20 y 17 de julio.\n\n20 de julio \nEl 20 de julio, los manifestantes corearon consignas contra el r\u00e9gimen y se manifestaron en Ahvaz, Esfahan, Teher\u00e1n, Ramhormoz, Juzest\u00e1n, Shadegan y Bushehr. Miles de personas se reunieron frente a las oficinas del gobernador en esas \u00e1reas y aplaudieron y bailaron, entre ellos ni\u00f1os. Los neum\u00e1ticos se quemaron cuando la seguridad dispar\u00f3 balas para actuar contra los manifestantes en Ahvaz. Los videos de aficionados publicados en l\u00ednea parecen mostrar una fuerte presencia policial que utiliza gases lacrim\u00f3genos para dispersar a los manifestantes en varias ciudades. En algunos videos se escuchan disparos, mientras que en otros los manifestantes parecen estar quemando neum\u00e1ticos para bloquear calles y arrojar piedras a las fuerzas de seguridad.\n\n21 de julio \nEl 21 de julio, las marchas de protesta se convirtieron en una violencia mortal. Un manifestante muri\u00f3 durante un enfrentamiento en Ahvaz, y las manifestaciones en Esfahan, Yazdanshahr y Susangerd se volvieron violentas. Los manifestantes que, seg\u00fan se dec\u00eda, estaban en Masjed Soleyman corearon: \"Polic\u00eda, ap\u00f3yenos\", en referencia a las preocupaciones locales sobre las fuerzas de seguridad que est\u00e1n tomando medidas en\u00e9rgicas contra manifestaciones anteriores. Los videos de las redes sociales que parec\u00edan ser de las protestas del martes en Izeh pero que la VOA no pudo verificar mostraban a los manifestantes cantando \"Muerte a Khamenei\" y \"Reza Shah, bendiga su alma\". En esos videos tambi\u00e9n se escuch\u00f3 evidencia de violencia como disparos. \u201cMuerte a Khamenei\u201d ha sido un estribillo com\u00fan de los manifestantes iran\u00edes contra el gobierno enojados por el gobierno autoritario del l\u00edder supremo, el ayatol\u00e1 Ali Khamenei, en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os. \"Reza Shah, bendiga su alma\" tambi\u00e9n se ha pronunciado en oleadas anteriores de protestas callejeras iran\u00edes como un intento menor de mostrar afecto hacia el fundador de la antigua monarqu\u00eda de la naci\u00f3n, Reza Shah. El predecesor de Khamenei, el ayatol\u00e1 Ruhollah Khomeini, derroc\u00f3 al hijo de Reza Shah, Mohammed Reza, del poder en la Revoluci\u00f3n Isl\u00e1mica de Ir\u00e1n de 1979.\n\n22 de julio \nEn los \u00faltimos d\u00edas, los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n en idioma farsi con sede en el extranjero han transmitido videos que muestran protestas en Ahvaz, Hamidiyeh, Izeh, Mahshahr, Shadegan y Susangerd.\n\nSe corearon c\u00e1nticos como \"Tengo sed, Reza Shah bendiga su alma\" mientras miles continuaban protestando en Mahshahr, Susangerd, Izeh, Shush y Bandar Abbas el 22 de julio, y los disparos se hicieron evidentes. Se public\u00f3 un video viral en el que una mujer preguntaba a un oficial de polic\u00eda por qu\u00e9 disparaban contra los manifestantes. Se inform\u00f3 de otra muerte cuando un hombre recibi\u00f3 un disparo, lo llevaron al hospital pero se confirm\u00f3 que estaba muerto. Tambi\u00e9n se ha informado de la interrupci\u00f3n de los servicios de Internet en la regi\u00f3n, ya que los residentes de Teher\u00e1n protestaron en apoyo de los khuzestanis. Un grupo de mujeres core\u00f3 consignas en el metro de Teher\u00e1n. Se encendieron incendios y se confirm\u00f3 la muerte de siete manifestantes.\n\n23 de julio \nLas protestas continuaron en ciudades como Ahvaz Susangerd y Mahshahr. Despu\u00e9s de m\u00e1s de una semana de intensas protestas en Juzest\u00e1n, el l\u00edder supremo del r\u00e9gimen, Ali Khamenei, derram\u00f3 l\u00e1grimas y supuso simpat\u00eda por el pueblo de Juzest\u00e1n el viernes. \u201cEn los \u00faltimos siete a ocho d\u00edas, una de nuestras principales preocupaciones fueron los problemas de Juzest\u00e1n y el problema del agua de la gente. Es realmente doloroso para cualquiera ver la provincia de Juzest\u00e1n, con toda su gente leal, con todas las instalaciones y recursos naturales que tiene, con todas las f\u00e1bricas que tiene, ver a la gente viviendo en tales condiciones que se enojan \u201d, dijo Khamenei. en comentarios televisados. Omid Azarkhush, de 20 a\u00f1os, fue asesinado el 22 de julio en Aligoudarz, en el oeste de Ir\u00e1n, tras los tiroteos en la ciudad. M\u00e1s de 100 han sido detenidos desde el 14 de julio. En Ahvaz, los manifestantes bloquearon una carretera y una carretera para protestar por la escasez de agua. Las llamas se elevaron en Susangerd y Lorestan durante las protestas.\n\n24 de julio \nEl 24 de julio, se llevaron a cabo importantes protestas en la ciudad noroccidental de Tabriz en solidaridad con las protestas en Juzest\u00e1n. Cantaban \"Muerte al dictador\" en apoyo de los manifestantes en Juzest\u00e1n. Mientras tanto, en Ahvaz, Shadegan y Mahshahr, ocurrieron m\u00e1s protestas importantes, as\u00ed como protestas en Lorestan y Aligudarz. La polic\u00eda abri\u00f3 fuego contra los manifestantes en Shadegan y Mahshahr hoy, con un funeral de un manifestante celebrado en Izeh. Seg\u00fan los informes, estallaron protestas contra el gobierno en la vecina Zanjan para protestar por el uso de la fuerza contra los manifestantes por el agua en Ahvaz y Aligudarz. La gente de la lejana Bojnourd, en la provincia de Khorasan, sali\u00f3 el s\u00e1bado para expresar su solidaridad con Juzest\u00e1n y gritar: \"No tengas miedo, estamos todos juntos\".\n\n25 de julio \nSe inform\u00f3 que la gente se reuni\u00f3 y protest\u00f3 en Saqqez en el Kurdist\u00e1n iran\u00ed. Las protestas tambi\u00e9n continuaron en la provincia de Juzest\u00e1n y en la provincia de Azerbaiy\u00e1n Oriental, tambi\u00e9n se inform\u00f3 de Seguridad Pesada en Tabriz, los manifestantes tambi\u00e9n vieron a los manifestantes con los ojos vendados.\n\n26 de julio \nLas protestas llegaron a Teher\u00e1n, la capital de Ir\u00e1n. Tambi\u00e9n en otras partes de Karaj, la gente protest\u00f3, los empleados del Hospital Khomeini en Karaj marcharon en las calles hoy para exigir sus salarios impagos y expresar sus problemas econ\u00f3micos. Coreaban: \"\u00bfA d\u00f3nde se fue nuestro dinero? \u00a1En los bolsillos de los funcionarios!\". Por tercer d\u00eda en Izeh, las protestas tambi\u00e9n continuaron all\u00ed.\n\nReferencias \n\nManifestaciones y protestas en Ir\u00e1n\nIr\u00e1n en 2021\nManifestaciones y protestas en 2021\nManifestaciones y protestas en 2022", "meta": {"title": "Protestas en Ir\u00e1n de 2021-2022", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestas%20en%20Ir%C3%A1n%20de%202021-2022", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0427\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 (\u043f\u043e\u043b. Czarna Struga, Czarna\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0456, \u0443 \u0417\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0439 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u041b\u044e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041b\u0456\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u041e\u0434\u0440\u0438 (\u0431\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f).\n\n\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \n\u0414\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 40,16\u00a0\u043a\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0448\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u044c \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0456 \u0433\u0438\u0440\u043b\u043e\u043c\u00a0\u2014 24,50\u00a0 \u043a\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0435\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438\u00a0\u2014 1,64\u00a0. \u041f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 239,82\u00a0 \u043a\u043c\u00b2.\n\n\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0491\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434-\u0411\u043e\u0431\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439. \u0421\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044e, \u041b\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0445\u0443\u0432, \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0456 \u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u041e\u0434\u0440\u0443.\n\n\u0423 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454 \u0454\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u041565, S3.\n\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0456\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \u041b\u044e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0427\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Samatite (ou Samatit) est un village du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal situ\u00e9 en Basse-Casamance. Il fait partie de la communaut\u00e9 rurale de Mlomp, dans l'arrondissement de Loudia Ouoloff, le d\u00e9partement d'Oussouye et la r\u00e9gion de Ziguinchor.\n\nPopulation \nLors du dernier recensement (2002), le village comptait 270 habitants et 38 m\u00e9nages.\n\n\u00c9conomie \n\nL'une des activit\u00e9s principales des habitants de Samatite est la riziculture qui se fait pendant l'hivernage sur une dur\u00e9e d'environ trois \u00e0 quatre mois. C'est une activit\u00e9 ancestrale effectu\u00e9e avec un outil traditionnel appel\u00e9 le kadiandou qui sert \u00e0 faire des sillons align\u00e9s et d\u00e9limit\u00e9s par des diguettes sous une forme plus ou moins carr\u00e9e ou rectangulaire (fr\u00e9quemment). Ces sillons servent \u00e0 raser les mottes de terre sur les surfaces \u00e0 cultiver. Ils permettent aussi avec les diguettes, la conservation des eaux de pluie pour alimenter le riz repiqu\u00e9 sur la partie \u00e9lev\u00e9e jusqu'\u00e0 sa maturit\u00e9. Il y a deux temps pour cette activit\u00e9 de riziculture \u00e0 Samatite : un premier qui est celui des p\u00e9pini\u00e8res sur les surfaces s\u00e8ches ; un deuxi\u00e8me qui concerne la culture des surfaces couvertes d'eaux suivie du repiquage des p\u00e9pini\u00e8res de riz.\n \nApr\u00e8s chaque r\u00e9colte, une f\u00eate dite des r\u00e9coltes, appel\u00e9e le kamagn\u00e8ne y est organis\u00e9e. C'est pendant ce moment festif que les fian\u00e7ailles et les mariages traditionnels sont tenus. \n\nSitu\u00e9 pas loin du fleuve Casamance, au bord de la mangrove, Samatite regorge de fromagers (kapokiers ou Ceiba pentandra), de marigots et une for\u00eat dense. \nLes activit\u00e9s culturelles de ce village de Samatite sont, entre autres, la lutte et la danse traditionnelle qui se font souvent vers la fin du mois de septembre chaque ann\u00e9e.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nLiens externes \n R\u00e9pertoire des villages officiels du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal (PNDL)\n\nVillage dans la r\u00e9gion de Ziguinchor", "meta": {"title": "Samatite", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samatite", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0417\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u044e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u0433\u0438, \u0432\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0443\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e 18 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439) \u043a \u044e\u0433\u043e-\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0435, \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430. \u0410\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0430\u00a0\u2014 242 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f.\n\u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\n\u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043d\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u0451\u043f\u043b\u044b\u043c \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u00a0\u2014 1,5\u00a0\u00b0C. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430 (\u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f) \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u221214,2\u00a0\u00b0C (\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u00a0\u2014 \u221245 \u00b0\u0421); \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0451\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430 (\u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f)\u00a0\u2014 17,8\u00a0\u00b0C (\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u00a0\u2014 36 \u00b0\u0421). \u0411\u0435\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 122 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439. \u0413\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u00a0\u2014 713\u00a0\u043c\u043c, \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 441\u00a0\u043c\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043c\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c. \u0421\u043d\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 165 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 (\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%28%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El Grupo Guerrillero del Pueblo Arturo G\u00e1miz (GGPAG), fue un grupo insurgente de M\u00e9xico. Comandado por \u00d3scar Gonz\u00e1lez Eguiarte.\n\n\u00d3scar Gonz\u00e1lez Eguiarte fue uno de los estudiantes que no pudo llegar a la cita del asalto al cuartel Madera el 23 de septiembre de 1965. Adem\u00e1s fue dirigente del Partido Popular Socialista (PPS), e integr\u00f3 al grupo guerrillero a miembros del Partido Comunista Mexicano (PCM), exmiembros del grupo Arturo G\u00e1miz Garc\u00eda y a campesinos e ind\u00edgenas.\n\nEntre sus integrantes se encontraban Jes\u00fas Mar\u00eda Casavantes, Carlos Armend\u00e1riz Ponce, Jaime Garc\u00eda Ch\u00e1vez y los hermanos Juan, Jes\u00fas y Vicente G\u00fcereca.\n\nEl Grupo Guerrillero del Pueblo Arturo G\u00e1miz fue desarticulado por el ej\u00e9rcito el 28 de agosto de 1968, tras atacar el aserradero El Salto de Villegas en la sierra chihuahuense.\n\nBibliograf\u00eda \n Reyes Pel\u00e1ez, Juan Fernando \"Introducci\u00f3n a la historia de la guerrilla en M\u00e9xico. 1943-83', Editorial Lulu, 2005.\n Castellanos, Laura. M\u00e9xico armado 1943-1981. M\u00e9xico D.F.: Ediciones Era, 2007.\nArmend\u00e1riz, Minerva. \"Morir de sed junto a la fuente: sierra de Chihuahua, 1968. Testimonio\". Edici\u00f3n de autor. Chihuahua, M\u00e9xico, 2001. \n\nGuerrillas de M\u00e9xico", "meta": {"title": "Grupo Guerrillero del Pueblo Arturo G\u00e1miz", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo%20Guerrillero%20del%20Pueblo%20Arturo%20G%C3%A1miz", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00e4r en kommun och ort i Landkreis Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald i regionen S\u00fcdlicher Oberrhein i Regierungsbezirk Freiburg i f\u00f6rbundslandet Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg i Tyskland.\n\nKommunen ing\u00e5r i kommunalf\u00f6rbundet Kaiserstuhl-Tuniberg tillsammans med kommunermana B\u00f6tzingen och Gottenheim.\n\nReferenser \n\nKommuner och st\u00e4der i Landkreis Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald", "meta": {"title": "Eichstetten am Kaiserstuhl", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eichstetten%20am%20Kaiserstuhl", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "B\u011ble\u010d  est une commune du district de T\u00e1bor, dans la r\u00e9gion de Boh\u00eame-du-Sud, en R\u00e9publique tch\u00e8que. Sa population s'\u00e9levait \u00e0  habitants en 2020.\n\nG\u00e9ographie \nB\u011ble\u010d se trouve \u00e0  au nord-est du centre de Mlad\u00e1 Vo\u017eice, \u00e0  au nord-est de T\u00e1bor, \u00e0  au nord-nord-est de \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice et \u00e0  au sud-sud-est de Prague.\n\nLa commune est limit\u00e9e par \u0160eb\u00ed\u0159ov au nord-ouest, par Vilice au nord-est, par Smilovy Hory \u00e0 l'est, et par Mlad\u00e1 Vo\u017eice au sud et au sud-ouest.\n\nHistoire \nLa premi\u00e8re mention \u00e9crite du village date de 1375.\n\nGalerie\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nCommune dans le district de T\u00e1bor", "meta": {"title": "B\u011ble\u010d (district de T\u00e1bor)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%9Ble%C4%8D%20%28district%20de%20T%C3%A1bor%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Fils de Flicka (Thunderhead, Son of Flicka) est un roman pour la jeunesse de Mary O'Hara, publi\u00e9 en 1943. \nC'est le second titre de la trilogie entam\u00e9e par Mon amie Flicka (My Friend Flicka, 1941) et termin\u00e9e par L'Herbe verte du Wyoming (Green Grass of Wyoming, 1946).\n\nR\u00e9sum\u00e9 \nCe second tome narre l'histoire de Thunderhead, un poulain n\u00e9 blanc, difforme, et tr\u00e8s caract\u00e9riel. Ken, qui a ill\u00e9galement accoupl\u00e9 sa jument Flicka avec l'\u00e9talon de course d'un voisin, va tout faire pour pr\u00e9parer ce poulain \u00e0 \u00eatre un cheval de course. En grandissant, Thunderhead d\u00e9veloppe des qualit\u00e9s de vitesse, sans pour autant perdre son fort caract\u00e8re. Ken le fait \u00e9chapper \u00e0 la castration et \u00e0 la vente.\n\nThunderhead \u00e9tant d\u00e9finitivement indomptable, Ken consent \u00e0 s'en s\u00e9parer et \u00e0 le rel\u00e2cher dans une vall\u00e9e isol\u00e9e. Il le laisse avec un troupeau de chevaux sauvages au terme d'une victoire en combat singulier contre l'Albinos, le plus redoutable des chevaux sauvages de la r\u00e9gion.\n\nAdaptation au cin\u00e9ma \n 1943 : Jupiter (), film am\u00e9ricain de Louis King, avec Roddy McDowall.\n\nAnnexes \n Flicka (cheval)\n Mary O'Hara\n L'Herbe verte du Wyoming\n\nRoman am\u00e9ricain paru en 1943\nRoman pour l'enfance et la jeunesse\nRoman se d\u00e9roulant au Wyoming\nCheval dans la litt\u00e9rature\nCheval de fiction\nRoman am\u00e9ricain adapt\u00e9 au cin\u00e9ma", "meta": {"title": "Le Fils de Flicka", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Fils%20de%20Flicka", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041b\u0456\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0456 \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0432 \u0420\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0457. \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 (\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430 2002 \u0440\u0456\u043a):\n \u0420\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 (2287 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431)\n \u0428\u043e\u0439\u043c\u043e\u0448 (1029 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431)\n\n\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456 390 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0411\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, 30 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430, 51 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0422\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0448\u043e\u0430\u0440\u0438.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f 2002 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438  \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430:\n\n\u0420\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438:\n\n\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c:\n\n\u0417\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u041b\u0456\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0456 Ghidul Prim\u0103riilor\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041b\u0456\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marmashen Monastery () is a 10th-century Armenian monastic complex consisting of five churches near the village of Marmashen in the Shirak Province of Armenia. The buildings at Marmashen are very similar in style to those of Khtzkonk Monastery.\n\nIt was built by Vahram Pahlavouni.\n\nGallery\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography\n\nExternal links \n VirtualAni.org: Monastery of Marmashen\n Rensselaer Digital Collections: Marmashen Monastery\n TravelGyumri.com: Marmashen Monastery\n\nArmenian Apostolic monasteries in Armenia\nOriental Orthodox congregations established in the 10th century\nChristian monasteries established in the 10th century\nBuildings and structures in Shirak Province", "meta": {"title": "Marmashen Monastery", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmashen%20Monastery", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0434\u043d\u0435\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456, \u0432 \u041c\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 262 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431. \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0- \u0410\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043a\u0430, \u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0456\u0454\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456 0,5\u00a0\u043a\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0456\u0454\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456 1\u00a0\u043a\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0410\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430. \u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0454.\n\n\u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \n 1923\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n \u041f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 (\u041c\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%20%28%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "B\u00fcckware oder B\u00fcckeware bezeichnet Waren im Einzelhandel, f\u00fcr die Kunden oder Verk\u00e4ufer sich sinnbildlich oder tats\u00e4chlich unter den Ladentisch oder zur untersten Regalabteilung b\u00fccken m\u00fcssen.\n\nHistorische Bedeutung \nGebr\u00e4uchlich war diese Bezeichnung seit dem \u00dcberfall auf Polen 1939, als in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus auf Grund der Rationierung von Handelswaren, insbesondere von Lebensmitteln und Textilien, Lebensmittelmarken bzw. Bezugsscheine eingef\u00fchrt wurden. Aus der Produktion und den Lieferungen konnten damals noch Mehrmengen abgezweigt werden. Diese wurden nicht sichtbar unter dem Ladentisch oder irgendwo anders versteckt verwahrt. B\u00fcckware wurde an solche Kunden ausgeh\u00e4ndigt, zu denen ein besonderes \u2013 auch vertrauensvolles \u2013 Verh\u00e4ltnis bestand, oder an solche, von denen man sich Gegenleistungen versprach oder erhielt.\n\nIn der Zeit des Wirtschaftswunders in der Bundesrepublik \u00fcbertrug sich die Bezeichnung auf solche Artikel, deren Handel aus verschiedenerlei Gr\u00fcnden (unter anderem Gebote und Verbote) die \u00d6ffentlichkeit scheute, so zum Beispiel pornografische Erzeugnisse. In der DDR wandte man sie auf Artikel an, die \u00f6rtlich knapp und nur durch Tausch oder pers\u00f6nliche Beziehungen zwischen Verk\u00e4ufer und Kunden erh\u00e4ltlich waren.\n\nVielfach wurden in der DDR Waren, die nicht in ausreichender Menge verf\u00fcgbar waren, von Verk\u00e4ufern nur auf Nachfrage oder an Bekannte verkauft. Anders als in der Bundesrepublik konnte es sich dabei auch um Waren des t\u00e4glichen Bedarfs handeln.\n\nHeutige Bedeutung \nIm Handelsmarketing werden g\u00fcnstigere Produkte (oft Handelsmarken oder Gattungsmarken) in den unteren Abteilungen der Regale platziert (B\u00fcckzone). Teurere Marken, die bevorzugt gekauft werden sollen, befinden sich dagegen auf Sicht- bzw. Griffh\u00f6he.\n\nWeblinks \n\n Eintrag zu B\u00fcckware im DDR-Lexikon\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nBuckware", "meta": {"title": "B\u00fcckware", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCckware", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Santa Maria \u00e4r ett studioalbum fr\u00e5n 1981 av det svenska dansbandet Curt Haagers. Det placerade sig som h\u00f6gst p\u00e5 17:e plats p\u00e5 den svenska albumlistan. Skivan blev Guldskiva f\u00f6r mer \u00e4n 50\u00a0000 s\u00e5lda exemplar. K\u00e4lla: IFPI.\n\nL\u00e5tlista \n Hall\u00e5 V\u00e4stindien (A. Melander)\n Are You Lonesome Tonight (instr.) (R. Turk-L.Handman)\n Dom v\u00e4nder hem fr\u00e5n Amerika (US of America) (D. Fargo-G.Lengstrand)\n Jag tordes aldrig s\u00e4ga n\u00e5't till mamma (Om man inte har f\u00f6r stora pretentioner) (Trad.arr Anders Engberg)\n Shaddap You Face (inneh\u00e5ller Talinslag p\u00e5 italienska) (J. Dolce)\n Johnny Blue (svenskspr\u00e5kig version) (R. Siegel-B. Meinunger-I. Forsman)\n Chattanooga Choo Choo (H. Warren)\n Du h\u00e4nger v\u00e4l med opp (Making Your Mind Up) (Hill-Danter)\n Santa Maria (Natale-Angelis)\n Jag \u00e4lskar dig \u00e4nnu (Streets of Laredo) (Trad.arr A.Engberg-S-E. Magnusson)\n Marigot Bay (J.Frankfurter-J.Moering)\n Annie Laurie's Song (instr.((Trad.arr A.Engberg-J.E.Knudsen)\n K\u00f6pp\u00e4b\u00e4visan (B.Pegefeldt)\n R\u00e4ck mej din hand (Angel of Mine) (Duval-Maloyer-K.Almgren)\n\nListplaceringar\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n Information i Svensk mediedatabas.\n\nReferenser \n\nAlbum av Curt Haagers\nAlbum utgivna p\u00e5 Mariann Grammofon\nMusikalbum 1981\nFlerspr\u00e5kiga musikalbum", "meta": {"title": "Santa Maria (musikalbum)", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa%20Maria%20%28musikalbum%29", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jos\u00e9 Luis Tajada Herraiz (Mallorca, 13 de enero de 1970) es un inventor, cient\u00edfico, y escritor espa\u00f1ol sobre sucesos ins\u00f3litos y cuestiones cient\u00edficas. Actualmente contribuye en la difusi\u00f3n de informaciones relacionadas con la exploraci\u00f3n del espacio en Rne.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nEn Albacete realiz\u00f3 estudios de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica de Sistemas mientras trabaj\u00f3 como Director T\u00e9cnico en CESER (Select Business Partner de IBM) donde permaneci\u00f3 hasta 1998. Trabaj\u00f3 en varias empresas espa\u00f1olas -Webmakers, ADEi, Fermax- y realiz\u00f3 varios trabajos como freelance en Portugal, Espa\u00f1a, Israel, Jordania, Italia, Francia, Etiop\u00eda y Marruecos. Ha trabajado como T\u00e9cnico de Soporte en el grupo de Nanoestructuras Magn\u00e9ticas en el ICN2 (Institut Catal\u00e0 de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Nanotecnolog\u00eda), en el desarrollo de sistemas de control/estimulaci\u00f3n  magnetoplasm\u00f3nica para nanomateriales.  Actualmente presta sus servicios en CNB Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda (CSIC) como Asesor Tecnol\u00f3gico en el desarrollo de nuevos equipamientos de hipertermia basados en la estimulaci\u00f3n de nanomateriales mediante campos magn\u00e9ticos alternos multimodulados para la eliminaci\u00f3n de tumores celulares.\n\nHa elaborado, colaborado y coordinado varios espacios radiof\u00f3nicos en diferentes medios \u2013Al Otro Lado de la Ciencia, El Bazar de lo imposible, El Cuentagotas, etc- y series documentales \u2013La Ruta del Misterio, Misterios del Otro Lado-. \n\nColaborador en el programa radiof\u00f3nico Espacio en blanco de Rne, con la secci\u00f3n \"Exploradores del Espacio\", un apartado destinado a la difusi\u00f3n de la exploraci\u00f3n espacial, astron\u00e1utica y astronom\u00eda.\n\nObra \n\n Misterios de Espa\u00f1a. Editorial Absalon ISBN 978-84-938074-8-1\n Gu\u00eda secreta de la Provincia de Albacete. Editorial Abadir ISBN 978-84-939488-6-3\n Detectives de lo Ins\u00f3lito Dos.  Editorial UNO ISBN 978-84-16234-28-8\n Gu\u00eda Secreta de la Provincia de Albacete /Edici\u00f3n ampliada. Editorial Detectives de los Ins\u00f3lito ISBN 978-84-16393-40-4\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n P\u00e1gina WEB de Jos\u00e9 Luis Tajada\n Entrevista en el Diario \"La Tribuna - Albacete Enero 2011\"\n \n Art\u00edculo Publicado en el diario La Verdad de Albacete\n Web sobre el libro Misterios de Espa\u00f1a, escrito por Jos\u00e9 Luis Tajada\n M\u00e1quina para generar hipertermia en c\u00e9lulas mediante nanopart\u00edculas magn\u00e9ticas.\n Publicaci\u00f3n en la American Chemical Society, diciembre de 2018.\n Publicaci\u00f3n en Applied Materialstoday, septiembre 2018.\n Publicaci\u00f3n en Small NanoMicro, mayo 2018.\n\nEscritores de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XX\nEscritores de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XXI\nPeriodistas de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XX\nPeriodistas de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XXI", "meta": {"title": "Jos\u00e9 Luis Tajada", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Luis%20Tajada", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Janice Elaine Voss (South Bend, 8 oktober 1956 \u2013 Scottsdale, 6 februari 2012) was een Amerikaans ruimtevaarder. Voss haar eerste ruimtevlucht was STS-57 met de spaceshuttle Endeavour en vond plaats op 21 juni 1993. Het ging om een missie naar de EURECA satelliet.\n\nVoss maakte deel uit van NASA Astronaut Group 13. Deze groep bestond uit 23 astronauten die hun training begonnen in januari 1990 en in juli 1991 astronaut werden. In totaal heeft Voss vijf ruimtevluchten op haar naam staan, waaronder een missie naar het Russische ruimtestation Mir. In 2012 overleed zij aan borstkanker.\n\nVoss, Janice", "meta": {"title": "Janice Voss", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janice%20Voss", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0430 (, , , )\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0404\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0456, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0414\u0443\u043d\u0430\u044e. \u0414\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438\u00a0\u2014 945\u00a0\u043a\u043c, \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443\u00a0\u2014 95 719 \u043a\u043c\u00b2. \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u00a0\u2014 255 \u043c\u00b3/c; \u0432 \u0433\u0438\u0440\u043b\u0456\u00a0\u2014 1 722 \u043c\u00b3/c. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0457, 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\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 (Sava Dolinska) \u0456 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 (Sava Bohinjska), \u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0432 \u0414\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044f \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0454 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u044e \u0411\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0454\u043c \u041f\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0438.\n\n\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0454 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0432\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436 593 \u043a\u043c\u00a0\u2014 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043c. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043a \u0443 \u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u043e \u0433\u0438\u0440\u043b\u0430.\n\n\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \n\n \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0456\u00a0\u2014 \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f, \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0430, \u041a\u0440\u043a\u0430 (\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044f); \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u0423\u043d\u0430 (\u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u044f), \u0412\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0441, \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430 (\u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456\u044f), \u0414\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 (\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438), \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430 (\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0456\u044f).\n \u041b\u0456\u0432\u0456\u00a0\u2014 \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0411\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0446\u0430, \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0456\u043d\u044f (\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044f), \u0421\u0443\u0442\u043b\u0430, \u041b\u043e\u043d\u044f, \u041e\u0440\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 (\u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u044f), \u0411\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0442 (\u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u044f \u0456 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0456\u044f).\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u0414\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \n\n \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044f\u00a0\u2014 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c, \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0430, \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0456\u044f, \u0421\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f (Sevnica), \u041a\u0440\u0448\u043a\u043e (Kr\u0161ko), \u0411\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0446\u0456 (Bre\u017eice), \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0456\u0440'\u044f-\u043d\u0430-\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0456 (Zagorje ob Savi), \u0422\u0440\u0431\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0454 (Trbovlje), \u0425\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a (Hrastnik).\n\n \u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u044f\u00a0\u2014 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431, \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043a.\n\n\u0423 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0456, \u0434\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u044e \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0456 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e, \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445\u00bb \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0434\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438:\n\n \u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u044f/\u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456\u044f \u0456 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0430 (Stara Gradi\u0161ka)/\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0430 (Gradi\u0161ka), \u0414\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0440 (Davor)/\u0421\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0446 (Srbac), \u0421\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0411\u0440\u043e\u0434 (Slavonski Brod)/\u0411\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0411\u0440\u043e\u0434 (Bosanski Brod), \u0416\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043d\u044f (\u017dupanja)/\u041e\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435 (Ora\u0161je), \u0413\u0443\u043d\u044f (Gunja)/\u0411\u0440\u0447\u043a\u043e (Br\u010dko).\n\n \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0456\u044f\u00a0\u2014 \u0421\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u044f, \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0438\u00a0\u2014 \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0456\u00a0\u2014 \u041b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0443, \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431 \u0456 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434.\n\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.\n\n\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435\u044f\n\n\u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \n \u041c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0456\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0456\u0447\u0446\u0456 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430\n \u041a\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0434 \u0413\u0415\u0421 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0456\n \u0410\u0434\u0430-\u0426\u0456\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043b\u0456\u044f\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0456 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0456.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\n \n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 // \u042d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0411\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0433\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u0415\u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430: \u0432 86 \u0442. (82 \u0442. \u0438 4 \u0434\u043e\u043f.).\u00a0\u2014 \u0421\u041f\u0431., 1890\u20141907.\n Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija, \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 (1985), \u0422\u043e\u043c. I (\u0411\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432) \u0438 III (\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430); Prosveta; ISBN 86-07-00001-2\n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 // \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 / \u0420\u0443\u0441. \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440. \u043e-\u0432\u043e. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a. \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440; \u041f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449. \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434. \u0412.\u00a0\u041c.\u00a0\u041a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u0410\u041d.\u00a0\u2014 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433: \u0423-\u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, 2006.\n Condition of Sava at locations in Slovenia (proceeding from the upper to the lower stream):\n Radovljica\u00a0\u2014 graphs, in the following order, of water level, flow and temperature data for the past 30 days (taken in Radovljica by ARSO)\n Medno\u00a0\u2014 graphs, in the following order, of water level, flow and temperature data for the past 30 days (taken in Medno by ARSO)\n \u0160entjakob\u00a0\u2014 graphs, in the following order, of water level, flow and temperature data for the past 30 days (taken in \u0160entjakob by ARSO)\n Hrastnik\u00a0\u2014 graphs, in the following order, of water level, flow and temperature data for the past 30 days (taken in Hrastnik by ARSO)\n Jesenice na Dolenjskem\u00a0\u2014 graphs, in the following order, of water level and temperature data for the past 30 days (taken in Jesenice na Dolenjskem by ARSO)\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0414\u0443\u043d\u0430\u044e\n\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0404\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0456\u0457\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0425\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0457\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0457\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\n\u041b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0430\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438\n\u041f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430 (\u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%20%28%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0425\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0414\u0436\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0430 (1931, \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0414\u0421\u0421\u0420\u00a0\u2014 15 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2012, \u0421\u0443\u0445\u0443\u043c, \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0438\u044f)\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0451\u0440, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0410\u0445\u044c\u0434\u0437-\u0410\u043f\u0448\u0430\u00bb.\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 1931 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0414\u0421\u0421\u0420.\n\n\u0412 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0451\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c. \u0428. \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 (\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0422\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438). \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0438\u044e, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0451\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u043c: \u00ab\u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430\u00bb (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u044c\u0435\u0441\u0435-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u041c. \u0427\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0430), \u00ab\u0423\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0422\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f, \u0434\u043e\u043c \u2116\u00a017\u00bb (\u0414. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430), \u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0433 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043e\u0444\u00bb (\u0421. \u0427\u0430\u043d\u0431\u0430), \u00ab\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0446\u0430\u00bb (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u044c\u0435\u0441\u0435 \u0413. \u0413\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0430), \u00ab\u041a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0430\u00bb (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0430 \u041b\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438).\n\n\u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0422\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u044e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u0427\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0438, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0410\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0422\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0430 \u0438 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0435\u043c \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0430.\n\n\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f 15 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2012 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0443\u0445\u0443\u043c\u0435.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044b \n 2011\u00a0\u2014 \u041e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u00ab\u0410\u0445\u044c\u0434\u0437-\u0410\u043f\u0448\u0430\u00bb(\u00ab\u0427\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0421\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u00bb) III \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438.\n\n\u0424\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n \u00ab\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00bb (\u043f\u043e \u0424. \u0418\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0443) \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\n \u00ab\u041a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0437\u043d\u0438\u00bb (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428. \u0410\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043b), \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\n \u00ab\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u041a\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0434\u00bb (\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044c), \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0414\u0436\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u0425\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0451\u0440, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0451\u0440\n\n\u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\n\u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0410\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0414\u0436\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0430, \u0425\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%2C%20%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%20%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Das Kap Maude ist ein hoch aufragendes, eisbedecktes Kap an der Shackleton-K\u00fcste der antarktischen Ross Dependency. Es bildet den \u00f6stlichen Ausl\u00e4ufer der Vaughan Promontory in der Holland Range am s\u00fcdwestlichen Rand des Ross-Schelfeises. \n\nTeilnehmer der Nimrod-Expedition (1907\u20131909) unter der Leitung des britischen Polarforschers Ernest Shackleton entdeckten es. Benannt ist es nach dem britischen Colonel Edward Addison (I. A.) Maude (1863\u20131932), der Shackleton das Futter f\u00fcr die auf der Forschungsreise mitgef\u00fchrten Ponys zur Verf\u00fcgung stellte.\n\nSiehe auch \n Liste der w\u00e4hrend der Nimrod-Expedition entdeckten geographischen Objekte\n\nWeblinks \n  (englisch)\n Cape Maude auf geographic.org (englisch)\n Cape Maude. In: Kenneth J. Bertrand und Fred G. Alberts, Geographic names of Antarctica, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington 1956, S. 207 (englisch)\n\nKap (Antarktika)\nTransantarktisches Gebirge\nShackleton-K\u00fcste", "meta": {"title": "Kap Maude", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap%20Maude", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Louvrage du Pas-du-Roc est une fortification faisant partie de la ligne Maginot, situ\u00e9e sur la commune de Modane dans le d\u00e9partement de la Savoie.\n\nIl s'agit d'un ouvrage d'artillerie servant \u00e0 interdire, avec son voisin l'ouvrage du Lavoir, le d\u00e9bouch\u00e9 du col du Fr\u00e9jus. Bombard\u00e9 par l'artillerie italienne en , puis utilis\u00e9 par les troupes allemandes pendant l'hiver 1944-1945, il est d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 l'abandon.\n\nDescription\n\nPosition sur la ligne \nL'ouvrage fait partie du secteur fortifi\u00e9 de la Savoie, dans le sous-secteur charg\u00e9 de la d\u00e9fense de la vall\u00e9e de la Maurienne. Les fortifications doivent y bloquer les deux routes d'acc\u00e8s : celle passant par le col du Mont-Cenis, et celle par le col du Fr\u00e9jus. Il y a d'abord une ligne d'avant-postes, tr\u00e8s proche de la fronti\u00e8re franco-italienne, avec derri\u00e8re elle la \u00ab ligne principale de r\u00e9sistance \u00bb, compos\u00e9es d'ouvrages b\u00e9tonn\u00e9s plus puissants. Le passage par la route du Fr\u00e9jus \u00e9tait d\u00e9fendu par les fortifications du \u00ab quartier des Cols Sud \u00bb (une subdivision du sous-secteur) : il s'agit des avant-postes de Vall\u00e9e-\u00c9troite, de la Roue et du Fr\u00e9jus, avec juste derri\u00e8re eux les ouvrages du Lavoir, du Pas-du-Roc et d'Arrondaz, ces trois ouvrages pouvant se couvrir mutuellement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leur armement.\n\nL'ouvrage du Pas-du-Roc est am\u00e9nag\u00e9 sur et sous un petit relief dominant le pas du Roc, un col \u00e0  d'altitude, entre le Petit Argentier (dont le sommet atteint les ) et la cr\u00eate de l'Arrondaz (), passage emprunt\u00e9 par la route descendant du col du Fr\u00e9jus. L'entr\u00e9e de l'ouvrage se trouve \u00e0  d'altitude, tandis que l'observatoire a \u00e9t\u00e9 construit au sommet, \u00e0 .\n\nSouterrains \n\nComme tous les autres ouvrages de la ligne Maginot, celui du Pas-du-Roc est con\u00e7u pour r\u00e9sister \u00e0 un bombardement d'obus de gros calibre. Les organes de soutien sont donc am\u00e9nag\u00e9s en souterrain, creus\u00e9s sous plusieurs m\u00e8tres de roche, tandis que les organes de combat, dispers\u00e9s en surface sous forme de blocs, sont prot\u00e9g\u00e9s par d'\u00e9pais cuirassements en acier et des couches de b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9. L'ouvrage n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 achev\u00e9.\n\nUne galerie principale relie l'entr\u00e9e \u00e0 l'usine, la caserne et les blocs de combat. Cette galerie est \u00e9quip\u00e9e d'une voie ferr\u00e9e \u00e9troite de  o\u00f9 roulent des wagonnets pouss\u00e9s \u00e0 bras (les caisses d'obus font de ). Juste apr\u00e8s l'entr\u00e9e de plain-pied, trois trav\u00e9es parall\u00e8les \u00e0 la galerie principale abritent d'un c\u00f4t\u00e9 l'usine (produisant l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 pour le t\u00e9l\u00e9ph\u00e9rique, l'\u00e9clairage, les plans inclin\u00e9s et le chauffage) avec ses r\u00e9servoirs de gazole et d'eau (les deux trav\u00e9es \u00e0 l'ouest) et de l'autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 la cuisine (inachev\u00e9e, la cuisini\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9e dans l'usine) et les r\u00e9serves de nourriture (la trav\u00e9e \u00e0 l'est). Le casernement de temps de guerre (en temps de paix le casernement se fait en surface) est am\u00e9nag\u00e9 le long de la galerie principale, avec successivement le syst\u00e8me de ventilation (il n'y a pas de filtre \u00e0 air), l'infirmerie, les chambr\u00e9es des hommes de troupe, la chambre des sous-officiers, les lavabos, les toilettes, les deux chambres des officiers, la chambre du commandant, le poste de commandement et le central t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique. L'acc\u00e8s aux blocs de combat se fait par des plans inclin\u00e9s ascendant (qui n'ont pas tous \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9quip\u00e9 de leur treuil \u00e9lectrique).\n\nSeuls deux des quatre groupes \u00e9lectrog\u00e8nes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 livr\u00e9s, compos\u00e9s chacun d'un moteur Diesel Als.Thom de , coupl\u00e9 \u00e0 un alternateur Alsthom d\u00e9livrant une puissance \u00e9lectrique de . Un groupe auxiliaire   de . Ces groupes ne devaient servir qu'en cas de coupure du courant, fournit par une ligne a\u00e9rienne depuis Modane. L'\u00e9vacuation des gaz se faisait par une chemin\u00e9e (non b\u00e9tonn\u00e9e, laiss\u00e9e \u00e0 l'\u00e9tat d'un trou b\u00e9ant).\n\nL'alimentation en eau (n\u00e9cessaire pour refroidir les groupes \u00e9lectrog\u00e8nes et les armes, ainsi que pour la boisson de l'\u00e9quipage) est assur\u00e9 par une source capt\u00e9e \u00e0  de l'ouvrage, reli\u00e9e par une conduite enterr\u00e9e. Quatre grosses citernes m\u00e9talliques permettent le stockage :  pour l'eau de refroidissement et  d'eau potable ; ces r\u00e9serves sont compl\u00e9t\u00e9s par deux autres citernes pour  de gazole et deux bacs avec  d'huile moteur, soit de quoi tenir deux ou trois mois sans ravitaillement. L'eau r\u00e9chauff\u00e9e par les moteurs permet le fonctionnement du chauffage central, compl\u00e9t\u00e9 par une chaudi\u00e8re au charbon dans le bloc d'entr\u00e9e et par des radiateurs \u00e9lectriques dans tous les locaux.\n\nBlocs \n\nEn surface, les cinq blocs sont dispers\u00e9s pour r\u00e9duire leur vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 aux bombardements. Chaque bloc de combat dispose d'une certaine autonomie, avec ses propres magasins \u00e0 munitions (le  pr\u00e8s des armes, le  juste avant l'acc\u00e8s au bloc), sa salle de repos, son , ainsi que son syst\u00e8me de ventilation. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que les positions de mise en batterie pour de l'artillerie lourde sont rares en montagne, le niveau de protection est moins important que dans le Nord-Est (les ouvrages construits en Alsace, en Lorraine et dans le Nord). Dans le Sud-Est (les Alpes), les dalles des blocs font  d'\u00e9paisseur (th\u00e9oriquement \u00e0 l'\u00e9preuve de deux coups d'obus de ), les murs expos\u00e9s , les autres murs, les radiers et les planchers un m\u00e8tre. L'int\u00e9rieur des dalles et murs expos\u00e9s est en plus recouvert de  de t\u00f4le pour prot\u00e9ger le personnel de la formation de  (projection de b\u00e9ton \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur, aussi dangereux qu'un obus).\n\nL'ensemble des blocs est th\u00e9oriquement prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par des fusils mitrailleurs install\u00e9s dans les diff\u00e9rents cr\u00e9neaux et cloches, se soutenant mutuellement. Ces fusils mitrailleurs (FM) \u00e9taient chacun prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par une tr\u00e9mie blind\u00e9e et \u00e9tanche (pour la protection contre les gaz de combat). Ils tirent la cartouche de  \u00e0 balle lourde (mod\u00e8le 1933 D de  au lieu de  pour la mod\u00e8le 1929 C). Ces FM \u00e9taient des MAC mod\u00e8le 1924/1929 D, dont la port\u00e9e maximale est de , avec une port\u00e9e pratique de l'ordre de . L'alimentation du FM se fait par chargeurs droits de , avec un stock de  par cloche GFM,  par FM de casemate et  pour un FM de porte ou de d\u00e9fense int\u00e9rieure. La cadence de tir maximale est de  par minute, mais elle est normalement de  par minute.\n\nLe bloc d'entr\u00e9e est une entr\u00e9e mixte comprenant une porte blind\u00e9e d'o\u00f9 on rejoint la route d'acc\u00e8s (la route strat\u00e9gique du Fr\u00e9jus, ouverte en 1891), ainsi qu'une recette haute de t\u00e9l\u00e9ph\u00e9rique (reli\u00e9e \u00e0 Pont Nuaz, \u00e0  d'altitude, sur la route menant du Charmaix au Lavoir). Ce dernier fonctionne gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un moteur \u00e9lectrique aliment\u00e9 par l'usine de l'ouvrage, remplac\u00e9 en temps de paix (ou en cas d'avarie) par un moteur CLM 285 de  install\u00e9 dans l'entr\u00e9e mixte. Le bloc n'est pas termin\u00e9 et son armement n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9 (trois cr\u00e9neaux pour fusil mitrailleur et une cloche GFM).\n\nLe bloc 1 est une casemate d'infanterie am\u00e9nag\u00e9e sur le versant oriental. Il est \u00e9quip\u00e9e d'un cr\u00e9neau pour un jumelage de mitrailleuses tirant vers le col d'Arrondaz, avec sur le dessus deux cloches JM point\u00e9es vers le vallon du col de Fr\u00e9jus. Sa d\u00e9fense rapproch\u00e9e devait \u00eatre assur\u00e9e par une cloche GFM (pour \u00ab guetteur et fusil mitrailleur \u00bb), un cr\u00e9neau FM et une cloche lance-grenades (non arm\u00e9e). Les terrassements n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 termin\u00e9s. Les mitrailleuses \u00e9taient des MAC mod\u00e8le 1931 F, mont\u00e9es en jumelage (JM) pour pouvoir tirer alternativement, permettant le refroidissement des tubes. La port\u00e9e maximale est th\u00e9oriquement de  (sous un angle de 45\u00b0, mais la tr\u00e9mie limite le pointage en \u00e9l\u00e9vation \u00e0 15\u00b0 en casemate), la hausse est gradu\u00e9e jusqu'\u00e0  et la port\u00e9e utile est plut\u00f4t de . Les chargeurs circulaires pour cette mitrailleuse sont de  chacun, avec un stock de  pour chaque jumelage. La cadence de tir th\u00e9orique est de  par minute, mais elle est limit\u00e9e \u00e0 450 (tir de barrage, avec trois chargeurs en une minute), 150 (tir de neutralisation et d'interdiction, un chargeur par minute) ou  par minute (tir de harc\u00e8lement, le tiers d'un chargeur). Le refroidissement des tubes est acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9 par un pulv\u00e9risateur \u00e0 eau ou par immersion dans un bac.\n\nLe bloc 2 est un observatoire am\u00e9nag\u00e9e au sommet, avec une cloche observatoire VDP (\u00e0 \u00ab vue directe et p\u00e9riscopique \u00bb), ayant comme indicatif .\n\nLe bloc 3 est une casemate d'artillerie, avec deux cr\u00e9neaux pour obusier de  mod\u00e8le 1931 (chacun peut th\u00e9oriquement tirer jusqu'\u00e0 une distance de  \u00e0 la cadence de  par minute), point\u00e9s selon des axes l\u00e9g\u00e8rement crois\u00e9s vers le nord-ouest (pour un tir en flanquement crois\u00e9 avec les canons du bloc 1 de l'ouvrage du Lavoir) et ayant la particularit\u00e9 unique de d\u00e9boucher directement dans la falaise rocheuse bordant la position \u00e0 l'ouest. La d\u00e9fense rapproch\u00e9e est confi\u00e9e \u00e0 une gu\u00e9rite b\u00e9tonn\u00e9e pour fusil mitrailleur (FM), couvrant le balcon rocheux, accessible seulement depuis la sortie de secours du bloc.\n\nLe bloc 4 est une casemate d'artillerie sur le versant nord-ouest, avec deux cr\u00e9neaux pour mortier de  mod\u00e8le 1932 (cadence de  par minute \u00e0 une port\u00e9e maximale de ) tirant vers le nord-est (le col d'Arrondaz), deux autres cr\u00e9neaux pour le m\u00eame type de mortiers tirant \u00e0 contre-pente vers le sud-est (en direction du col de Fr\u00e9jus), un cr\u00e9neau pour un mortier de  (cas unique sur la ligne), une cloche GFM, deux cr\u00e9neaux pour FM, un foss\u00e9 diamant et une sortie de secours.\n\nHistoire\n\nConstruction \nL'avant-projet de l'ouvrage, examin\u00e9 par la Commission d'organisation des r\u00e9gions fortifi\u00e9es (CORF), date du . Une quatri\u00e8me casemate \u00e9tait pr\u00e9vue (appel\u00e9e  sur le plan, le  correspondant au bloc 4, le  au bloc 3 et le  au bloc 1), pour abriter deux mortiers de  mod\u00e8le 1931 tirant vers le col de Fr\u00e9jus, mais le bloc fut repouss\u00e9 en  et jamais construite.\n\nLes travaux de construction sont dans un premier temps r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Proven (Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 proven\u00e7ale des travaux publics), mais l'altitude freine son avancement : l'enneigement interdit de travailler la moiti\u00e9 de l'ann\u00e9e. Lors de la mise sur pied de guerre en , les ouvriers de l'entreprise sont mobilis\u00e9s sur place ; la poursuite du chantier est d\u00e9sormais confi\u00e9e \u00e0 la main-d'\u0153uvre militaire, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment des d\u00e9tachements des  et  encadr\u00e9s par des hommes du  (le commandement est attribu\u00e9 \u00e0 un officier de ce r\u00e9giment : le capitaine Chanson). Le bloc 1 est coul\u00e9 en trois en septembre-, mais le temps a manqu\u00e9 pour la pose des rocailles. \u00c0 partir du , le ravitaillement se fait uniquement par le t\u00e9l\u00e9ph\u00e9rique, la route d'acc\u00e8s \u00e9tant bloqu\u00e9e par la neige. La construction a co\u00fbt\u00e9 environ dix millions de francs (valeur de ).\n\nLe commandant de l'ouvrage \u00e9tait le capitaine Chanson : c'est le seul officier du g\u00e9nie \u00e0 avoir command\u00e9 un ouvrage Maginot. En , au d\u00e9clenchement des hostilit\u00e9s avec le Royaume d'Italie, l'ouvrage n'est pas encore termin\u00e9. Les canons sont op\u00e9rationnels, mais servis dans des conditions un peu pr\u00e9caires par les artilleurs de la  du . Comme pour les autres ouvrages d'artillerie, la garnison (\u00e0 l'\u00e9poque on parle d'\u00e9quipage) est interarmes, compos\u00e9e de fantassins, d'artilleurs et de sapeurs.\n\nCombats de juin 1940 \nPendant la bataille des Alpes, les mortiers du bloc 4 arrosent les axes de passage ainsi que les troupes italiennes avec un total de , dont  rien que le . L'artillerie adverse pilonne l'ouvrage \u00e0 partir du , visant notamment le bloc 1 ; le c\u00e2ble du t\u00e9l\u00e9ph\u00e9rique (de  de diam\u00e8tre) est sectionn\u00e9 par un \u00e9clat d'obus. Dans la nuit du 23 au , en plein brouillard, l'infanterie italienne est annonc\u00e9e sur l'ouvrage, d'o\u00f9 le d\u00e9clenchement des tirs des ouvrages voisins (du Lavoir, du Sapey et d'Arrondaz) ainsi que des batteries de l'artillerie de position, compl\u00e9t\u00e9s par une sortie d'une partie de l'\u00e9quipage qui ne trouve rien sur les dessus.\n\nL'ouvrage est d\u00e9sarm\u00e9 puis \u00e9vacu\u00e9 entre la fin du mois de juin et le d\u00e9but de , en application de l'armistice du 24 juin 1940, car l'ouvrage se trouve dans la zone d\u00e9militaris\u00e9e qui longe la petite zone d'occupation italienne en France (comme tous les ouvrages du Sud-Est).\n\nCombats de 1944-1945 \nLe , alors que les troupes allemandes sont repouss\u00e9s de Modane et du fort du Sapey par la  d'infanterie marocaine, des d\u00e9tachements FFI s'emparent facilement de l'ouvrage, qui est repris par une contre-attaque allemande. Il sert ensuite d'abri et d'observatoire aux troupes allemandes, jusqu'\u00e0 leur repli en .\n\nApr\u00e8s-guerre \nL'ouvrage est remis en \u00e9tat op\u00e9rationnel pendant les ann\u00e9es 1950 dans le cadre de la guerre froide. Il est d\u00e9sarm\u00e9 et abandonn\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1970. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1990, le t\u00e9l\u00e9ph\u00e9rique est d\u00e9mont\u00e9.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nBibliographie \n  :\n  ;\n  ;\n  ;\n .\n\nArticles connexes \n\nModane\nSecteur fortifi\u00e9 de la Savoie", "meta": {"title": "Ouvrage du Pas-du-Roc", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouvrage%20du%20Pas-du-Roc", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Adelaide este un ora\u0219 din Australia, capitala statului Australia de Sud. Este al cincilea oras ca marime din Australia.\n\nA\u0219ezare \u0219i istoric \nAdelaide este un ora\u0219 de coast\u0103 situat \u00een golful Saint-Vincent. Ora\u0219ul a fost denumit \u00een anul 1836 de primul guvernator al statului Captain John Hindmarsh dup\u0103 Adelaide, regina de origine german\u0103 a Angliei. In contrast cu ora\u0219ele  Sydney sau Hobart el nu a devenit colonie pentru lag\u0103rele de de\u021binu\u021bi englezi. Adelaide este un ora\u0219 cultural fiind numit \u0219i \u201efestival city\u201d pentru festivalurile de muzic\u0103 de jazz, pentru expozi\u021biile unor arti\u0219ti renumi\u021bi \u0219i pentru multele \u00eentruniri sportive.\n\nVezi \u0219i \n Lista regiunilor din South Australia\n\nAdelaide", "meta": {"title": "Adelaide", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rezerwat przyrody Coteaux du Fel () \u2013 obszar chroniony w Masywie Centralnym, w po\u0142udniowej Francji, w p\u00f3\u0142nocnej cz\u0119\u015bci departamentu Aveyron. Zosta\u0142 utworzony 10 lutego 2011 roku. Zajmuje powierzchni\u0119 80,75 ha. Rezerwat posiada kategori\u0119 IV obszar\u00f3w chronionych wed\u0142ug Mi\u0119dzynarodowej Unii Ochrony Przyrody.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nCoteaux du Fel, Rezerwat przyrody\nDepartament Aveyron", "meta": {"title": "Rezerwat przyrody Coteaux du Fel", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rezerwat%20przyrody%20Coteaux%20du%20Fel", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "C\u0103lug\u0103rul River may refer to:\n\n C\u0103lug\u0103rul, a tributary of the Con\u021beasca in Ia\u0219i County\n C\u0103lug\u0103rul, a tributary of the Hor\u0103i\u021ba in Neam\u021b County\n\nSee also \n C\u0103lug\u0103reasa River (disambiguation)\n Izvorul C\u0103lug\u0103rului River (disambiguation)\n C\u0103lug\u0103reni (disambiguation)", "meta": {"title": "C\u0103lug\u0103rul River", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%83lug%C4%83rul%20River", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Giradot F.C. was a  Colombian football (soccer) team, based in Girardot, Colombia. The club was founded in 1995 and played in Categor\u00eda Primera B. Due to financial difficulties, the team was relocated at the end of the 2008 season to the city of Palmira and rebranded as Deportes Palmira.\n\nExternal links\n http://www.dimayor.com.co/Equipos/Girardot_FC_317-9618.html\n\nFootball clubs in Colombia\nAssociation football clubs established in 1995\nAssociation football clubs disestablished in 2008\nDefunct football clubs in Colombia\n1995 establishments in Colombia\n2008 disestablishments in Colombia\nCategor\u00eda Primera B clubs", "meta": {"title": "Girardot F.C.", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girardot%20F.C.", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Raghuva multiradiata \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av George Francis Hampson 1902. Raghuva multiradiata ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Raghuva och familjen nattflyn. Inga underarter finns listade.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nNattflyn\nmultiradiata", "meta": {"title": "Raghuva multiradiata", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raghuva%20multiradiata", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0457\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0456\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0456 \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0457, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u044f \u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0445, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0456.\n\n\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u044f\n\n\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\n\n\u0411\u0443\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\n\n\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0414'\u0410\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\n\n\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044f\n\n\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0406\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0456\u044f\n\n\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0456\n\n\u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \n \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443\n \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0456\u0440 \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0457\n \u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430-\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0457\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n \n\n \n\u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u044f\n\u0412\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0413\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0457", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%20%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%20%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%20%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%97%20%D0%93%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%97", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Krasnyj proletarij (ros. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439) \u2013 dru\u017cyna pi\u0142karska z Moskwy istniej\u0105ca w latach 1923\u201338. Czasem nazywana w skr\u00f3cie ZKP (Zawod Krasnyj proletarij).\n\nHistoria \nPi\u0142karski klub \"Krasnyj proletarij\" jest bezpo\u015brednim nast\u0119pc\u0105 klubu ZKS Moskwa.\n\nDru\u017cyna bra\u0142a udzia\u0142 w Mistrzostwach Moskwy. Najlepszym wynikiem by\u0142o 4. miejsce (1929, 1931, 1934).\n\nPo nieudanym wyst\u0119pie w krajowym pucharze w roku 1938 klub ju\u017c wi\u0119cej w profesjonalnych rozgrywkach nie wyst\u0105pi\u0142.\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n\noficjalne wyst\u0119py w bazie wildstat.ru \n\nKluby pi\u0142karskie w Moskwie\nNieistniej\u0105ce rosyjskie kluby pi\u0142karskie\nKluby pi\u0142karskie za\u0142o\u017cone w 1923", "meta": {"title": "Krasnyj Proletarij Moskwa", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krasnyj%20Proletarij%20Moskwa", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Chyulu kan syfta p\u00e5:\n\nGeografi\n\nKenya \n\n West Chyulu Game Conservation Area (viltreservat, lat -2,53, long 37,75), \n Chyulu (berg i Kenya), \n\nRobotskapade Kenyaf\u00f6rgreningar", "meta": {"title": "Chyulu", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyulu", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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{"text": "Lugiani Iv\u00e1n Gallardo Rodr\u00edguez (Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico, 20 de abril de 1991) es un futbolista mexicano que juega en la posici\u00f3n de delantero, actualmente se encuentra en el Morelos F. C. de la Liga de Balompi\u00e9 Mexicano.\n\nTrayectoria \nManuel Lapuente hizo que debutara con el Am\u00e9rica en la Liguilla del Apertura 2010. Entr\u00f3 de cambio por P\u00e1vel Pardo en cotejo de vuelta de semifinales. Posteriormente fue cedido al Club Necaxa. En junio de 2013 es fichado por los Estudiantes Tecos como parte de su proyecto de ascenso.\nFue de regreso al Club Am\u00e9rica en el torneo del 2013.\n\nPara el 2014. despu\u00e9s de un pago fugaz en Estudiantes Tecos, fue a pr\u00e9stamo a Orizaba, pero como el equipo es de Fidel Kuri, tambi\u00e9n due\u00f1o de Tiburones Rojos. tuvo carnet para jugar con ellos, pero exclusivamente en la Copa Mx.\n\nEn agosto de 2018 firm\u00f3 para el Tuks de la Universidad de Pretoria de la Primera Divisi\u00f3n de Sud\u00e1frica.\n\nClubes\n\nSelecci\u00f3n nacional \n\nFue convocado para jugar en el torneo \"Esperanzas de Toulon\" de la Selecci\u00f3n de f\u00fatbol sub-20 de M\u00e9xico, en donde fueron ubicados como el 4.\u00ba lugar, tambi\u00e9n ha sido convocado en la lista preelimar para la Copa Mundial de F\u00fatbol Sub-20 de 2011\n\nCategor\u00edas menores \nSub-20\n\nSub-23\n\nPalmar\u00e9s \nOtros logros\n Subcampe\u00f3n con Necaxa del Torneo Clausura 2013 Liga de Ascenso\n\nReferencias \n\nFutbolistas de Ciudad de M\u00e9xico\nFutbolistas del Club Am\u00e9rica en los a\u00f1os 2010\nFutbolistas del Club Necaxa en los a\u00f1os 2010\nFutbolistas del Tecos F\u00fatbol Club\nFutbolistas del Club Zacatepec\nFutbolistas de los Albinegros de Orizaba\nFutbolistas del Pretoria University\nFutbolistas del Tlaxcala F\u00fatbol Club\nFutbolistas de la selecci\u00f3n de f\u00fatbol sub-23 de M\u00e9xico", "meta": {"title": "Lugiani Gallardo", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugiani%20Gallardo", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Blendi Fevziu (born May 18, 1969, Tirana, Albania) is an Albanian journalist, writer and host of the TV talk show Opinion, which first went on air on August 31, 1997.\n\nFevziu graduated in literature and Albanian language at the University of Tirana in 1991. In 1989 he was part of the staff of the Student newspaper of the University. In December 1990 and February 1991 he was an active participant in the students' movement that brought the change of regime in Albania. On January 5, 1991 he was the co-founder of the \"RD\" (Democratic Renaissance) newspaper, the first free newspaper after almost 70 years of independent media blackout in Albania.\n\nCareer in written press \nChief editor of \"Koha Jone\" newspaper 1992\nChief editor of \"Aleanca\" newspaper 1993\u20136\nCo-chief editor of \"Poli i Qendr\u00ebs\" newspaper 1996\nEditor of political news \"Indipendent\" newspaper 1997\nEditor of Klan Magazine 1996\u20132001\nEditor of \"Korrieri\" newspaper 2001\u20135\nEditor of \"Koha Jone\" newspaper 2007\u20138\n\nCareer in TV \nOn August 31, 1997, Fevziu started \"Sunday's Debate\" on TVSH (Public TV), a weekly political debate. On September 26, 1998, he moved to Klan Television and, from 1999, the show aired on Thursdays instead of Sundays.\n\nIn 2001, it was renamed \"Opinion\", and from October 2006 it was broadcast twice a week. Since 2008, \"Opinion\" has aired four times a week.\n\nBibliography \n\n100 soldiers (1992; with co-author Ben Blushi);\nPedestals without statues (1994);\nThe other half of the world (1996);\nIn front and behind the cameras (1999);\n50 + 1 (2004);\nHistory of the Albanian press 1848\u20132005 (2005);\nMy life \u2013 Interview with Blendi Fevziu (2010);\nVolcanic ashes (2010);\nPedestals without statues (reprinted, revised edition; 2011);\nEnver Hoxha (biography; 2011);\n100 Years (a history of the state of Albania from 1912 to 2012; pub. 2012);\n\"Ahmet Zogu, King of Albania\" (biography; 2014).\n\nFevziu's biography of Hoxha was published in English, with an introduction by Robert Elsie, as Enver Hoxha: The Iron Fist of Albania by I.B.Tauris in 2016.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \nInterview with Robert Elsie about the Hoxha biography, BBC, March 17, 2016\n\nAlbanian journalists\nLiving people\n1969 births\nPeople from Tirana\nAlbanian atheists\nToptani family", "meta": {"title": "Blendi Fevziu", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blendi%20Fevziu", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Edith Knudsen \u2013 du\u0144ska florecistka.\n\n\u017byciorys \nW dorobku ma dwa medale zdobyte w konkurencji dru\u017cynowej florecistek na mistrzostwach \u015bwiata w szermierce.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nDu\u0144scy szermierze", "meta": {"title": "Edith Knudsen", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith%20Knudsen", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marin City \u00e4r ett kommunfritt omr\u00e5de (engelska unincorporated area) i Marin County i delstaten Kalifornien, USA. Omr\u00e5det hade \u00e5r 2000 2 560 inv\u00e5nare. Omr\u00e5det ligger 2,4 km nordv\u00e4st om staden Sausalito.\n\nRapparen och sk\u00e5despelaren 2Pac har bott d\u00e4r.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nOrter i Kalifornien\nOrter grundade 1942", "meta": {"title": "Marin City", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marin%20City", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u045b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u043e\u043c.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \u041a\u045a\u0438\u0433\u0430: \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0458\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430 1991.\", \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0440. 234, \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0414\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435, \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0435\u0432\u043e.\n \u201e\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0458\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0430\u201c \n \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u045b\u0438\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435\n \u0412\u0435\u0431 \u0441\u0430\u0458\u0442 \u201e\u041f\u043e\u0443\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0441\u0440\u0446\u0443\u201d\n\n\u041e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u045b\u0438\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0458\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0443 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0413\u043e\u0440\u045a\u0438 \u041e\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0446", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%9A%D0%B8%20%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%86", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vladim\u00edr Popelka (* 22. ledna 1932 Pardubice) je \u010desk\u00fd dirigent a hudebn\u00ed skladatel. Po amat\u00e9rsk\u00fdch hudebn\u00edch za\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch v rodn\u00fdch Pardubic\u00edch p\u016fsobil v brn\u011bnsk\u00e9m rozhlasu, od roku 1968 \u017eil v Praze, kde byl hudebn\u00edm re\u017eis\u00e9rem v Supraphonu a spolupracoval se skupinou Golden Kids. Pozd\u011bji byl dlouholet\u00fdm dirigentem TO\u010cRu, p\u016fvodn\u011b jako externista (1972) a od roku 1982 na pln\u00fd \u00favazek. Jeho hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1pln\u00ed bylo hudebn\u00ed aran\u017em\u00e1 a pracoval na \u0159ad\u011b nahr\u00e1vek po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch pro Supraphon, pod\u00edlel se tak\u00e9 na popularizaci hudebn\u00ed klasiky. Jako hudebn\u00ed skladatel p\u0159isp\u011bl do reperto\u00e1ru \u0159ady p\u0159edn\u00edch interpret\u016f \u010desk\u00e9 popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby (Helena Vondr\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, V\u00e1clav Neck\u00e1\u0159, Dagmar Patrasov\u00e1). Aktivn\u00ed byl a\u017e do vysok\u00e9ho v\u011bku, v roce 2019 vydal autobiografii M\u016fj \u017eivot s hudbou.\n\n\u017divotopis \nNarodil se v Pardubic\u00edch a hudb\u011b se v\u011bnoval od d\u011btstv\u00ed, ji\u017e v p\u011bti letech hr\u00e1l na akordeon a housle. Po maturit\u011b vystudoval Vysokou \u0161kolu chemicko-technologickou v Pardubic\u00edch, kde promoval jako in\u017een\u00fdr (1956). Kr\u00e1tce pracoval ve v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9m \u00fastavu, soub\u011b\u017en\u011b vedl amat\u00e9rsk\u00fd orchestr v pardubick\u00e9 Tesle. Mezit\u00edm si doplnil hudebn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed studiem skladby u Zde\u0148ka H\u016fly a po\u010d\u00e1tkem 60. let p\u0159es\u00eddlil do Brna, kde byl v letech 1966\u20131968 hudebn\u00edm redaktorem \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9ho rozhlasu a za\u010dal se tu p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b uplat\u0148ovat i jako dirigent. Spolupracoval mimo jin\u00e9 s Orchestrem Gustava Broma a z doby p\u016fsoben\u00ed v Brn\u011b poch\u00e1zej\u00ed tak\u00e9 jeho prvn\u00ed vlastn\u00ed melodie (Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1m \u017e\u00edt, 1967, Helena Bleh\u00e1rov\u00e1; Vte\u0159iny, 1968, La\u010fka Kozderkov\u00e1). Na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed Bohuslava Ondr\u00e1\u010dka (kter\u00fd byl jeho vrstevn\u00edkem, takt\u00e9\u017e rod\u00e1kem z Pardubic a znali se ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu) p\u0159e\u0161el v roce 1968 do Prahy a za\u010dal spolupracovat se skupinou Golden Kids, pro jej\u00ed\u017e \u010dleny skl\u00e1dal (Kdo ti radu d\u00e1, 1969, Marta Kubi\u0161ov\u00e1). V letech 1968\u20131971 byl zam\u011bstn\u00e1n jako hudebn\u00ed re\u017eis\u00e9r Supraphonu a pod\u00edlel se na vzniku prvn\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 LP desky Heleny Vondr\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e9 Ostrov Heleny Vondr\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e9 (1970). Pro ni tak\u00e9 ve stejn\u00e9 dob\u011b slo\u017eil p\u00edse\u0148 To je tv\u00fd Waterloo. Hitov\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f dos\u00e1hla p\u00edse\u0148 Krokod\u00fdl Jeron\u00fdm (V\u00e1clav Neck\u00e1\u0159, 1972), kter\u00e1 byla zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed v n\u011bmecky mluv\u00edc\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed (s n\u011bmeck\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem Krokodil Theofil). Ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b byla popul\u00e1rn\u00ed tak\u00e9 skladba T\u011bch star\u00fdch p\u00edsn\u00ed se u\u017e nezbav\u00edm (1971, Milan Chladil). Na n\u011bkolika studiov\u00fdch nahr\u00e1vk\u00e1ch z roku 1970 \u0159\u00eddil tak\u00e9 skupinu Olympic.\n\nOd roku 1972 p\u016fsobil jako extern\u00ed dirigent TO\u010cRu a na studiov\u00fdch nahr\u00e1vk\u00e1ch Supraphonu doprov\u00e1zel \u0159adu zp\u011bv\u00e1k\u016f popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby (Ji\u0159\u00ed Schelinger, Helena Bleh\u00e1rov\u00e1, Milu\u0161e Voborn\u00edkov\u00e1, Jana Robbov\u00e1). V t\u00e9to dob\u011b se t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011bm jeho pr\u00e1ce stalo aran\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, po\u010d\u00e1tkem 70. let upravoval p\u00edsn\u011b Karla Svobody napsan\u00e9 pro Karla Gotta a jako autor hudby obohatil reperto\u00e1r Gottova doprovodn\u00e9ho sboru (p\u00edse\u0148 Tingl-tangl, 1976, Jitka Zelenkov\u00e1). Upravoval tak\u00e9 tvorbu skladatel\u016f klasick\u00e9 hudby pro vyd\u00e1n\u00ed na gramofonov\u00fdch desk\u00e1ch (Adam Michna z Otradovic, LP Konstelace, 1973). Jako aran\u017e\u00e9r m\u011bl pod\u00edl na albech klav\u00edristy Ji\u0159\u00edho Mal\u00e1ska (LP Romantick\u00fd klav\u00edr I.\u2013III.), kter\u00e1 pat\u0159ila ke komer\u010dn\u011b nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edm projekt\u016fm Supraphonu v 70. letech. Krom\u011b toho se nad\u00e1le v\u011bnoval komponov\u00e1n\u00ed, jeho p\u00edsn\u011b zp\u00edvali Karel \u010cernoch, Milu\u0161e Voborn\u00edkov\u00e1, Hana Zagorov\u00e1 nebo Eva Pilarov\u00e1. Skl\u00e1dal tak\u00e9 pro za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed zp\u011bv\u00e1ky p\u00edsn\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 pro festivaly (D\u011b\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 kotva). Jako dirigent studiov\u00e9ho orchestru se pod\u00edlel na vzniku LP desky Dean Reed a jeho sv\u011bt (1976) americk\u00e9ho Deana Reeda, kter\u00fd m\u011bl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b zna\u010dnou popularitu ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edm bloku.\n\nPo p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9m \u00famrt\u00ed Josefa Vobruby se stal dirigentem TO\u010cRu na pln\u00fd \u00favazek (1982). Jako dirigent rozhlasov\u00e9ho orchestru je podeps\u00e1n pod anglicky zp\u00edvan\u00fdm albem Petry Jan\u016f 12 Famous & Awarded Movie Songs (1985) nebo pod deskou Hany Hegerov\u00e9 Potm\u011b\u0161il\u00fd host (1987). Z dal\u0161\u00ed autorsk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce s Helenou Vondr\u00e1\u010dkovou vynikl duet s Ji\u0159\u00edm Kornem Jakobynic (1985). Z t\u00e9to doby poch\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 d\u011btsk\u00fd hit Chytila jsem na pasece \u017e\u00ed\u017ealu (1987) v interpretaci Dagmar Patrasov\u00e9, k jeho\u017e mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9mu ohlasu se Popelka jako autor hudby dlouho necht\u011bl p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hl\u00e1sit. V devades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech zalo\u017eil vlastn\u00ed hudebn\u00ed t\u011bleso Golden Strings Vladim\u00edra Popelky, s n\u00edm\u017e po\u0159\u00eddil hudebn\u00ed doprovod pro v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed album Hany Zagorov\u00e9 a \u0160tefana Margity (Ave, 1994) nebo desku \u0158eka v\u016fn\u00ed (1995, Marta Kubi\u0161ov\u00e1). P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b znovu spolupracoval s Karlem Gottem a Helenou Vondr\u00e1\u010dkovou (duet Song hr\u00e1l n\u00e1m ten \u010f\u00e1bel saxofon, 1992), Ji\u0159\u00edm Kornem a dal\u0161\u00edmi. V r\u00e1mci TO\u010cRu a navazuj\u00edc\u00edho rozhlasov\u00e9ho Big Bandu dlouhodob\u011b spolupracoval s Felixem Slov\u00e1\u010dkem, pozd\u011bji i s jeho synem Felixem Slov\u00e1\u010dkem mlad\u0161\u00edm. V roce 2019 vydal vlastn\u00ed biografii M\u016fj \u017eivot s hudbou.\n\nOdkazy\n\nLiteratura \n MATZNER, Anton\u00edn: Encyklopedie jazzu a modern\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby. \u010c\u00e1st jmenn\u00e1 \u2013 \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 sc\u00e9na; Supraphon, Praha, 1990; 649 s. \n POPELKA, Vladim\u00edr: M\u016fj \u017eivot s hudbou; Pelh\u0159imov, 2019 372 s.\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n Vladim\u00edr Popelka na webu \u010cesk\u00fd hudebn\u00ed slovn\u00edk dostupn\u00e9 online\n Autorsk\u00e1 tvorba Vladim\u00edra Popelky v archivu Supraphonu\n\n\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed hudebn\u00ed skladatel\u00e9\n\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed dirigenti\nSkladatel\u00e9 popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby\nD\u011btsk\u00e1 hudba\nNarozen\u00ed v roce 1932\nNarozen\u00ed 22. ledna\nNarozen\u00ed v Pardubic\u00edch\n\u017dij\u00edc\u00ed lid\u00e9\nMu\u017ei", "meta": {"title": "Vladim\u00edr Popelka", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladim%C3%ADr%20Popelka", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'\u00e9metteur tr\u00e8s basse fr\u00e9quence de Vileyka est le site du  centre de communication de la marine russe, situ\u00e9 \u00e0 l'ouest de la ville de Vileyka en Bi\u00e9lorussie. Le site est une installation importante pour la transmission d'ordres aux sous-marins dans la gamme des tr\u00e8s basse de fr\u00e9quences. Il est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 pour transmettre le signal horaire RJH69 \u00e0 certains moments.\n\nComme l\u2019ancien \u00e9metteur Goliath de la Kriegsmarine pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, l\u2019antenne de l\u2019\u00e9metteur se compose de trois syst\u00e8mes d\u2019antenne avec un m\u00e2t central isol\u00e9 du sol, \u00e0 partir duquel les fils de l\u2019antenne sont reli\u00e9s \u00e0 six sont fix\u00e9s \u00e0 six mats avec des isolateurs. \n\nComme dans l'ancien \u00e9metteur Goliath, trois m\u00e2ts centraux sont dot\u00e9s de deux syst\u00e8mes d'antenne. Il y a donc 15 m\u00e2ts en anneau sur le site. \n\nLes 15 m\u00e2ts en anneau mesurent 270 m\u00e8tres et les trois m\u00e2ts centraux de l\u2019\u00e9metteur mesurent 305 m\u00e8tres.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n\n http://englishrussia.com/?p=1207#more-1207\n\nBase navale de la marine russe et sovi\u00e9tique\nVoblast de Minsk\nBase militaire en Russie\n\u00c9metteur de radiofr\u00e9quences\n\u00c9difice construit en 1964", "meta": {"title": "\u00c9metteur tr\u00e8s basse fr\u00e9quence de Vileyka", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89metteur%20tr%C3%A8s%20basse%20fr%C3%A9quence%20de%20Vileyka", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Neuhausen ob Eck is een plaats in de Duitse deelstaat Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, en maakt deel uit van het Landkreis Tuttlingen.\n\nNeuhausen ob Eck telt  inwoners.\n\nGemeente in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg", "meta": {"title": "Neuhausen ob Eck", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuhausen%20ob%20Eck", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Atascosa County Courthouse is a historic courthouse built in 1912 on Circle Dr in Jourdanton, Texas. The Mission Revival Style architecture building was designed by San Antonio architect Henry T. Phelps. The building contract was awarded to the Gordon Jones Construction Co. of San Antonio, based on a bid of $65,000. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 30, 1997.\n\nAtascosa County was formed in 1856. The first Atascosa County Courthouse was a log building erected in Amphion in 1856. The second a frame building raised in Pleasanton in 1857. The county built a larger frame courthouse in 1868. The fourth courthouse, built in 1885 was made from red stone and served as the Pleasanton City Hall when the county seat was moved to Jourdanton.\n\nThe current Atascosa County Courthouse is the fifth structure to serve as the seat of Atascosa County government. The Mission Revival style courthouse has towers, balconies and a Spanish-tiled roof. It is finished in red-brown brick and cast stone. Originally, the lower floor was open for the storage of wood. It was enclosed in the late 1920s to create more office space. The courthouse sits on a circular plot of land in contrast to the typical Texas courthouse square. The Atascosa County Courthouse is the only existing Mission Revival style courthouse in Texas.\n\nSee also\n\nNational Register of Historic Places listings in Atascosa County, Texas\nList of county courthouses in Texas\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nCounty courthouses in Texas\nCourthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas\nBuildings and structures in Atascosa County, Texas\nMission Revival architecture in Texas\nNational Register of Historic Places in Atascosa County, Texas\nTexas State Antiquities Landmarks\nGovernment buildings completed in 1912\n1912 establishments in Texas", "meta": {"title": "Atascosa County Courthouse", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atascosa%20County%20Courthouse", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Apanteles taoi \u00e4r en stekelart som beskrevs av Watanabe 1935. Apanteles taoi ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Apanteles och familjen bracksteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nBracksteklar\ntaoi", "meta": {"title": "Apanteles taoi", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apanteles%20taoi", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Metal profile sheet systems are used to build cost efficient and reliable envelopes of mostly commercial buildings. They have evolved from the single skin metal cladding often associated with agricultural buildings to multi-layer systems for industrial and leisure application. As with most construction components, the ability of the cladding to satisfy its functional requirements is dependent on its correct specification and installation. Also important is its interaction with other elements of the building envelope and structure. Metal profile sheets are metal structural members that due to the fact they can have different profiles, with different heights and different thickness, engineers and architects can use them for a variety of buildings, from a simple industrial building to a high demand design building.  \nTrapezoidal profiles are large metal structural members, which, thanks to the profiling and thickness, retain their high load bearing capability. They have been developed from the corrugated profile. The profile programme offered by specific manufacturers covers a total of approximately 60 profile shapes with different heights.\nCassettes are components that are mainly used as the inner shell in dual-shell wall constructions. They are mainly used in walls today, even though they were originally designed for use in roofs.\n\nHistory \nTrapezoidal profiles and cassettes have been known in Europe for around 100 years. Today's characteristic profile shape came to Europe from the USA in the 50s and has gained relevance since about 1960. At present the proportion of load bearing, room sealing trapezoidal profiles used in the overall area of new and slightly sloping roofs amounts to 90%. Above all else the wide acceptance has resulted from the simple constructive training, fast assembly, and the low costs of the trapezoidal profile construction.\n\nSpecification of the metal profile\n\nWeathertightness \nThe primary function of the cladding system is to provide a weathertight building envelope, suitable for the intended use of the building.\nTrapezoidal metal roof sheets with through fix fasteners are generally suitable for slopes of 4% or steeper. This limit is critical to the performance of the cladding.  For shallower pitches, down to 1.5%, a fix system with no exposed through fasteners, special side laps and preferably no end laps should be used. For low pitch roof, ponding is a potential problem that must be considered at the design stage in order to avoid the deleterious effects of prolonged soaking and the increased loading, due to the weight of the water.\n\nBuilding appearance \nBuilding envelope made from metal sheet provide builders and architects with products, which meet all of the highest demand regarding construction characteristics and design. The steel from which profiled cladding sheets are made is available pre-coated in a wide range of colors and textures, allowing architects to choose a finish that best suits the location and function of the building. Profile shape is also a characteristic that can be adapted to the demand of the architects.\n\nThermal performance \nBuildings are responsible of the 40% of European energy consumption, consequently, improving the thermal performance of the cladding and associated components is very important. The elemental U-value (thermal transmittance, W/m2K) of a cladding panel, depends on the conductivity and thickness of the insulation which is added, the profile shape and the presence of thermal bridges.  \nSo, metal profile sheets can achieve thermal performance regulations thanks of insulations and profile shape.\nIt is very important to analyze and avoid all possible thermal bridges within the roof and wall cladding assembly, to minimize local heat/cold losses.\n\nAcoustics \nRoofs constructed with trapezoidal profiles have excellent sound suppression characteristics. Sound has been found to be reduced to by up to 53\u00a0dB.  \nThe measured sound reduction for wall constructions using cassettes has been assessed at an RW of 57\u00a0dB. \nThe acoustic performance of a particular cladding system will depend on the insulation material, the weather sheet and liner sheet profiles and the method of assembly.\nTo minimize reverberation architects may take advantage of the sound absorbing properties of the cladding insulation layer by replacing the standard liner sheet with a perforated liner.\n\nDurability \nIn order to ensure that the building envelope remains fully functional throughout its design life, it is important that it receives regular maintenance, including inspection, removal of debris, cleaning and repair of damage. Inspection can include man-made or natural wear. Weather exposure, natural movement, installation error and manufacturing defects are examples. The need of maintenance may be greatly reduced using specific coating depending on the weather conditions, this coating guarantee the expected design life of the cladding. The commonly used 302 stainless steel alone is resistant to acetic acid, acetone and boric acid, among others.\n\nSustainability \nMetal profiles sheets have a high recycled scrap steel content and all steel is recyclable.  Many steel components can be unbolted and even reused for future applications.  The possibility of reusing building elements makes steel construction even more sustainable than the already significant contribution of today's simple material recycling.  Steel can be repeatedly recycled because it does not lose any of its inherent physical properties as a result of the recycling process. Stainless steel fasteners have excellent corrosion resistance and durability, as well as being a sustainable material. Custom fasteners in this material make for the utmost of sustainability with high recyclability.\n\nStructural performance \nMetal cladding systems are required to carry externally applied loads, such as snow and wind loading without deflecting excessively or compromising the other performance requirements. The individual characteristic loads (actions) should be obtained from the appropriate part of EN 1991, taking into account the building geometry and location as applicable. These individual actions should then be combined using the appropriate safety factors from EN 1990 to obtain the load cases used in design.\n\nPermanent actions:\nFor most application of metal cladding technology, the only permanent action which the roof cladding needs to be designed is its own self-weight.\nFor wall cladding, it is not normally necessary to consider permanent actions, since the self-weight acts in the plan of the cladding.  \nVariable actions:\nIn addition to its self-weight, the roof cladding must also be designed for the following variable actions as specified in the appropriate parts of EN 1991:\n-Access for cleaning and maintenance. \n-A uniformly distributed load due to snow over the complete roof area. The value of this load will depend on the building's location.\n-Asymmetric snow load and loading due to snow drifts.\n-Wind loading due to pressure and suction. \nDeflections:\nCare must be taken on site to avoid excessive local deflection.  Typical deflection limits imposed on the cladding are depend on the loading regime considered, the location of the structural component and whether a brittle material is present.  Deflection limits may be specifies by National regulation.\n\nMain uses \nMetal profile sheets due to their versatility mechanical and design properties can be used as roof and roof cladding, as external walls and wall cladding and also as floors. They are used in industry and in residential sector, and the two sectors can be used in both new construction and rehabilitation. Some of the applications where metal profile sheets are used are:\nindustrial buildings,\ncommercial buildings,\npublic buildings,\nsport buildings,\neducational buildings,\noffices and administration buildings,\nmulti-story buildings\npower plants,\nresidential house,\nhigh design demand buildings, \netc.\n\nSee also \n Profile (engineering)\n Hollow structural section\n Eurocode\n Insulation\n Architecture\n\nReferences\n\nBuilding engineering\nBuilding insulation materials\nBuilding materials\nComposite materials", "meta": {"title": "Metal profiles", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal%20profiles", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kone is a volcano located in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. It is located on the Main Ethiopian Rift, which belongs to the most northern branch of the East African Rift Valley. Borchotto the nearest town is 5\u00a0km away and the capital of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa is situated 160\u00a0km west of Kone. The nearest volcano is Mount Fentale located 30\u00a0km to the northwest, with the Boseti Gudo Volcano further away to the southeast.  Kone takes up an area of 250 square miles and has an elevation of 1619m.\n\nHistory of eruptions\nThe complex tectonic history within Ethiopia has made the eruption history difficult to interpret from the Stratigraphic sequence. From the stratigraphy four volcanic sequences of eruption can be determined. Three Silicic phases and then a basalt phase. The most recent basalt phase is dated around 1820. This date corresponds to local legends of the eruption and the lack of vegetation growth on the lava flows provides evidence of this eruption.\n\nGeology\nKone, also called Gariboldi, is made up of seven nested calderas, lava flows and basaltic cinder cones. (Not to be confused with the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt in Northern America.)  There are two fault lines that have caused the volcanic activity within Kone, normal faults, which are part of the Wonji fault belt and ring fractures. The normal faults cause magma to rise inducing the volcanic activity. The ring fractures have caused the calderas collapse. Both of these faults have caused activity within Kone's recent history. The calderas widths can range from 1.5 to 5\u00a0km.\n\nThere are many rock types identified at Kone and they are divided into five main groups, trachytes, comenditic rhyolites, ignimbrites, pumices, syenite inclusions and basalts. Trachytes and comenditic rhyolites form the main volume of the rock in the Complex. The ignimbrites have formed massive green sheets ranging in thickness from 15\u00a0cm to 25\u00a0m. The pumice deposits over the ground are common within Kone's Volcanic Complex and range in thickness from 50\u00a0cm to 20\u00a0m. Most of the pumice is found interlocked with the ignimbrites. There have been three basalt lava types identified at Kone, aphyric basalt, olivine basalt and a third basalt which contains large phenocrysts of olivine,  augite and plagioclase. These different rock types provide evidence for different eruptive phases. Kone is unusual due to the number of calderas in the Volcanic Complex, Fentale contains only one calderas in comparison.\n\nRenaming\n\nKone's name is a recent addition taken from a local tribal word. The historical name of Kone was Gariboldi. Named according to local legend after an engineer who was responsible for building a road through two of the collapsed calderas. Thereby connecting Addis Ababa to Djibouti during the 1940s.\n\nReferences\n\nVolcanoes of Ethiopia\nCalderas of Ethiopia", "meta": {"title": "Kone (volcano)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kone%20%28volcano%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Apolpium parvum est une esp\u00e8ce de pseudoscorpions de la famille des Hesperolpiidae.\n\nDistribution \nCette esp\u00e8ce est end\u00e9mique de la Trinit\u00e9 \u00e0 Trinit\u00e9-et-Tobago.\n\nDescription \nLa femelle holotype mesure .\n\nPublication originale \n Hoff, 1945 : New neotropical Diplosphyronida (Chelonethida). American Museum Novitates, ,  (texte int\u00e9gral).\n\nLiens externes\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nHesperolpiidae\nEsp\u00e8ce de pseudoscorpions (nom scientifique)\nFaune end\u00e9mique de la Trinit\u00e9", "meta": {"title": "Apolpium parvum", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolpium%20parvum", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La ville de Strasbourg compte . De par sa qualit\u00e9 de ville non capitale accueillant des institutions europ\u00e9ennes et internationales, Strasbourg est r\u00e9put\u00e9e seconde ville diplomatique de France apr\u00e8s Paris, avec  repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s au total.\n\nDiplomatie li\u00e9e au Conseil de l'Europe \nStrasbourg accueille les repr\u00e9sentations permanentes aupr\u00e8s du Conseil de l'Europe (, ainsi que des d\u00e9l\u00e9gations de l'Union europ\u00e9enne, le Saint Si\u00e8ge, le Japon, les \u00c9tats-Unis, le Canada, le patriarcat de Moscou, le Mexique au travers d'une annexe de son ambassade, le Kosovo, Isra\u00ebl, le B\u00e9larus et le Kazakhstan), ainsi que des repr\u00e9sentations consulaires au nombre de 44. La Norv\u00e8ge compte \u00e9galement une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation aupr\u00e8s du Parlement europ\u00e9en.\n\nConsulats g\u00e9n\u00e9raux \nParmi les consulats g\u00e9n\u00e9raux sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s \u00e0 Strasbourg :\n\nAfrique \nL'Afrique du Nord, en raison de l'immigration en France, est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e dans sa totalit\u00e9 : \n\n Consulat d'Alg\u00e9rie \n Consulat du Maroc\n Consulat de Tunisie\n\nAm\u00e9rique \nLe Consulat des \u00c9tats-Unis est le seul du continent \u00e0 ce jour. Il a f\u00eat\u00e9 en 2016 son .\n\nAsie\n\nChine \nLe Consulat de Chine est un consulat qui prend de l'ampleur ann\u00e9e apr\u00e8s ann\u00e9e. Un nouveau consulat doit sortir de terre dans les prochaines ann\u00e9es.\n\nJapon \nLe Consulat du Japon, quant \u00e0 lui, t\u00e9moigne des liens privil\u00e9gi\u00e9s entre le Japon et l'Alsace depuis les ann\u00e9es 1980 surtout. Sony, Ricoh, le Lyc\u00e9e Seijo de Kientzheim et la maison interuniversitaire France-Japon de Strasbourg en t\u00e9moignent.\n\nEurope \nDe par leur proximit\u00e9 g\u00e9ographique et par l'immigration r\u00e9cente vers la France, plusieurs pays comptent de nombreux ressortissants dans le nord est de la France, ce qui explique la pr\u00e9sence des  \n\n Consulat d'Allemagne,  \n Consulat d'Autriche,  \n Consulat d'Espagne,  \nConsulat du Kazakhstan,\n Consulat du Kosovo,  \n Consulat du Luxembourg,  \n Consulat du Portugal,  \n Consulat de Roumanie,  \n Consulat de Russie,  \n Consulat de Suisse,  \n Consulat de Turquie.\n\nRussie \nLa Russie montre une forte pr\u00e9sence \u00e0 Strasbourg, avec une grande repr\u00e9sentation aupr\u00e8s du Conseil de l'Europe, mais aussi donc son consulat, son centre de visas, son \u00e9cole primaire pour les ressortissants russes (tous deux situ\u00e9s \u00e0 quelques pas du consulat), l'\u00e9glise de Tous-les-Saints, rattach\u00e9e au patriarchat orthodoxe de Moscou, et la repr\u00e9sentation de ce dernier aupr\u00e8s du Conseil de l'Europe.\n\nTurquie \nSitu\u00e9 le long du canal de la Marne au Rhin, en face du parc de l'Orangerie, il est une des composantes d'un complexe, avec la repr\u00e9sentation aupr\u00e8s du Conseil de l'Europe, la r\u00e9sidence de l'ambassadeur et du consul. Ce complexe h\u00e9berge \u00e9galement une repr\u00e9sentation de la R\u00e9publique de Chypre du Nord.\n\nAnciens consulats \nPar le pass\u00e9, la ville a aussi compt\u00e9 un Consulat de Slov\u00e9nie ; de Pologne, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 ferm\u00e9, alors m\u00eame que la pr\u00e9sence polonaise a \u00e9t\u00e9 forte, surtout dans le sud de l'Alsace. Le pays a maintenu cependant une permanence consulaire au sein de la repr\u00e9sentation aupr\u00e8s du Conseil de l'Europe.\n\nLa Belgique a ferm\u00e9 son consulat en 2015. L'Allemagne, quant \u00e0 elle, a annonc\u00e9 en 2012 une fermeture de son consulat en 2014, d\u00e9cision \u00e0 laquelle elle a fini par renoncer.\n\nConsulats honoraires\n\nDans l'Eurom\u00e9tropole de Strasbourg \nDes notables strasbourgeois, proches de certains pays, ont propos\u00e9 d'ouvrir un consulat honoraire pour les repr\u00e9senter. Ainsi, on note la pr\u00e9sence \u00e0 Strasbourg de plusieurs pays : \n\n Consulat du Br\u00e9sil, \n Consulat du Chili, \n Consulat de l\u2019\u00c9quateur, \n Consulat de Gr\u00e8ce, \n Consulat du Honduras, \nConsulat de Hongrie (Strasbourg/Riedisheim) \n Consulat d'Islande, \n Consulat d'Isra\u00ebl, \n Consulat de Lettonie, \n Consulat de Lituanie (ouvert le 6 juillet 2016), \n Consulat de Malte, \n Consulat du Mexique, \n Consulat de Monaco, \n Consulat de Mongolie (ouvert en 2015), \n Consulat de Norv\u00e8ge, \n Consulat du P\u00e9rou, \n Consulat des Philippines (ouvert en mars 2015), \n Consulat du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, \n Consulat de Serbie, \n Consulat de Su\u00e8de, \n Consulat du Tchad, \n Consulat de R\u00e9publique Tch\u00e8que (ouvert le 8 d\u00e9cembre 2009 ).\n\nEn p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie de Strasbourg \nEn dehors de Strasbourg, mais \u00e0 proximit\u00e9, on note la pr\u00e9sence d'autres consulats : \n\n Consulat de Centrafrique, \n Consulat de Finlande, \n Consulat du Guatemala, \n Consulat de Namibie, \n Consulat des Pays-Bas, \n Consulat de Slovaquie.\n\nChronologie\n\nLe premier consulat est celui des \u00c9tats-Unis, ouvert en 1866.\n\nLa Suisse arrive en 1920, le Maroc en 1956. En 1973 ouvre le Consulat de Turquie. En 1991, un consulat de l'URSS puis de la Russie s'implante dans la ville. C'est au tour du Japon en 1992 puis de la Chine en 1998.\n\nParmi les derniers on compte la R\u00e9publique Tch\u00e8que en 2009, les Philippines et la Mongolie en 2015, la Lituanie en 2016, le Kazakhstan en 2021.\n\nCorps consulaire et f\u00eate des consulats \nLe  de Strasbourg est une structure rassemblant les diplomates en poste \u00e0 Strasbourg. Il est \u00e9valu\u00e9 \u00e0 . \u00c0 l'image de Lyon, une premi\u00e8re f\u00eate des consulats a \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9e le , \u00e0 l\u2019initiative de la mairie et du corps consulaire.\n\nLe cercle europ\u00e9en de Strasbourg, association \u00e0 but culturel, r\u00e9unit lui aussi les diplomates en poste \u00e0 Strasbourg.\n\nInfluence culturelle \n\nCertains pays disposent aussi d'une structure \u00e0 but culturel pour les repr\u00e9senter dans la ville :\n\nInstituts culturels \n le Goethe Institut allemand ;\n l'Istituto Italiano di Cultura italien ;\n l'Institut Confucius chinois ;\nla Maison de l'Am\u00e9rique latine ;\nle Centre culturel turc.\n\n\u00c9coles \n\u00e9cole de langues de l'universit\u00e9 de Salamanque\n\u00e9cole cor\u00e9enne\n\u00e9cole ukrainienne\n\u00e9coles russes, dont celle du consulat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticles connexes \n Consulat\n Institutions europ\u00e9ennes \u00e0 Strasbourg\n \u00c9tats membres et observateurs du Conseil de l'Europe\n Repr\u00e9sentation permanente de la France aupr\u00e8s du Conseil de l'Europe\n Tourisme europ\u00e9en \u00e0 Strasbourg\n\nLiens externes \n \n\n \nEurope \u00e0 Strasbourg\n\nConsulat dans le Grand Est\nB\u00e2timent \u00e0 Strasbourg\nMonde slave \u00e0 Strasbourg", "meta": {"title": "Consulats de Strasbourg", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulats%20de%20Strasbourg", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gueto de \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Gueto de Litzmannstadt foi, ap\u00f3s o Gueto de Vars\u00f3via, o segundo maior gueto estabelecido para judeus e ciganos na Pol\u00f4nia sob ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o nazista.\n\nSituado na cidade de \u0141\u00f3d\u017a e originalmente planejado como um ponto de reuni\u00e3o de judeus, o gueto acabou transformado em um expressivo centro industrial, fornecendo suprimentos essenciais para o esfor\u00e7o de guerra da Alemanha, em especial para a Wehrmacht. A cidade de \u0141\u00f3d\u017a foi renomeada para Litzmannstadt. Devido a sua not\u00e1vel produtividade, o Gueto de \u0141\u00f3d\u017a foi capaz de perseverar at\u00e9 agosto de 1944, quando a popula\u00e7\u00e3o remanescente foi transportada para Auschwitz, sendo o \u00faltimo gueto na Pol\u00f4nia a ser liquidado.\n\nDevido \u00e0 sua not\u00e1vel produtividade, o gueto conseguiu sobreviver at\u00e9 agosto de 1944. Nos primeiros dois anos, absorveu quase 20 000 judeus dos guetos liquidados nas cidades e aldeias vizinhas da Pol\u00f4nia, bem como 20 000 a mais do restante da Alemanha. Europa ocupada. Ap\u00f3s a onda de deporta\u00e7\u00f5es para o campo de exterm\u00ednio de Che\u0142mno no in\u00edcio de 1942, e apesar de uma revers\u00e3o de fortuna, os alem\u00e3es persistiram em erradicar o gueto: transportaram a popula\u00e7\u00e3o restante para campos de exterm\u00ednio de Auschwitz e Che\u0142mno. onde a maioria foi assassinada na chegada. Foi o \u00faltimo gueto na Pol\u00f4nia ocupada a ser liquidado. Um total de 68 000 judeus passaram por ele; mas apenas 877 permaneceram escondidos quando os sovi\u00e9ticos chegaram. Cerca de 10 000 moradores judeus de \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, que moravam l\u00e1 antes da invas\u00e3o da Pol\u00f4nia, sobreviveram ao Holocausto em outros lugares.\n\nPrisioneiros \n Georg John -  um ator de teatro e cinema alem\u00e3o\n Heda Kov\u00e1ly - uma escritora da Rep\u00fablica Tcheca\n Jack Tramiel - um empres\u00e1rio polon\u00eas-americano\n\nBibliografia \n\n \n \n \n Online Exhibit: Give Me Your Children: Voices from the \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto (Internet Archive), United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.\n Library Bibliography: \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum\n Overview of the ghetto's history, Jewish Virtual Library\n Archiwum Pa\u0144stwowe w \u0141odzi (Polish State Archive in Lodz) Ghetto collection\n \"Haunting Voices From \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto\", Never Again! online Holocaust memorial.\n David Graham (17 March 2002), Full text of Rumkowski's \"Give Me Your Children\" speech with index and commentary by David Graham. Retrieved 28 July 2015.\n Dr. B. Lee Hobbs, American university students discuss the implications of the Holocaust. From Diary of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto inmate Dawid Sierakowiak. .\n Aerial photos of the ghetto from May 1942 (rotated so that north is to the right): 1, 2. For orientation, note the Jewish Cemetery bottom right on second photo, which formed the easternmost portion of the ghetto.\n \"I Completely Forgot that I Was Hungry,\" Youth Groups in the \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto, online exhibition by Yad Vashem.\n Yad Vashem (2015), \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto, Yad Vashem website. Overview. Selected photographs. Retrieved 28 July 2015.\n Simon Says Project, a memoir of Holocaust survivor Simon Lewenberg 2012, homepage.\n The \u0141\u00f3d\u017a Ghetto Photographs of Henryk Ross at the Art Gallery of Ontario. LodzGhetto.ago.net collection of Holocaust photographs, interactive.\n\nVer tamb\u00e9m \n Dia Internacional da Lembran\u00e7a do Holocausto\n Europa ocupada pela Alemanha Nazista\n Frente Oriental (Segunda Guerra Mundial)\n Guetos judeus na Europa\n Lista dos campos de concentra\u00e7\u00e3o e exterm\u00ednio nazistas\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n\n \n\nGuetos da Segunda Guerra Mundial\n\u0141\u00f3d\u017a", "meta": {"title": "Gueto de \u0141\u00f3d\u017a", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gueto%20de%20%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Elatostema polioneurum \u00e4r en n\u00e4sselv\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Hallier f.. Elatostema polioneurum ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Elatostema och familjen n\u00e4sselv\u00e4xter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nN\u00e4sselv\u00e4xter\npolioneurum", "meta": {"title": "Elatostema polioneurum", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elatostema%20polioneurum", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rawa Mazowiecka \u2013 okresowo czynna stacja Kolei W\u0105skotorowej Rog\u00f3w \u2013 Rawa \u2013 Bia\u0142a w Rawie Mazowieckiej, w wojew\u00f3dztwie \u0142\u00f3dzkim, w Polsce. Wybudowana w 1922 roku. W latach 1915\u20131922 stacja \"Rawa\"  znajdowa\u0142a si\u0119 ok. 1\u00a0km dalej w stron\u0119 st. Bia\u0142a Rawska, przed mostem na Rawce. Na terenie Rawy znajdowa\u0142 si\u0119 r\u00f3wnie\u017c rozjazd odga\u0142\u0119ziaj\u0105cy (Rawa Mazowiecka Odga\u0142\u0119zienie, przy obecnym przeje\u017adzie na ul. Mszczonowskiej), gdzie rozpoczyna\u0142a si\u0119 nieistniej\u0105ca obecnie linia do \u017bd\u017car.\n\nNa stacji znajduje si\u0119 wpisany do rejestru zabytk\u00f3w budynek dworcowy wybudowany w 1922 roku \u2013 nr rej.: 1000 A z 31.12.1996 (dec. \u2013 Rogowska Kolej Dojazdowa).\n\nUwagi\n\nPrzypisy\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n \n\nStacje i przystanki kolejowe w powiecie rawskim\nRawa Mazowiecka (stacja kolejowa)", "meta": {"title": "Rawa Mazowiecka (stacja kolejowa)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawa%20Mazowiecka%20%28stacja%20kolejowa%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dresdner Eisl\u00f6wen je n\u011bmeck\u00fd klub ledn\u00edho hokeje, kter\u00fd s\u00eddl\u00ed v sask\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Dr\u00e1\u017e\u010fany. Zalo\u017een byl v roce 1990 pod n\u00e1zvem ESC Dresden. Sv\u016fj sou\u010dasn\u00fd n\u00e1zev nese od roku 2000. Od sez\u00f3ny 2013/14 p\u016fsob\u00ed v Deutsche Eishockey Lize 2, druh\u00e9 n\u011bmeck\u00e9 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sout\u011b\u017ei ledn\u00edho hokeje. Klubov\u00e9 barvy jsou modr\u00e1 a b\u00edl\u00e1.\n\nSv\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed z\u00e1pasy odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v EnergieVerbund Aren\u011b s kapacitou 4 412 div\u00e1k\u016f.\n\nHistorick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy \n\nZdroj:\n\n 1990 \u2013 ESC Dresden (Eissportclub Dresden)\n 2000 \u2013 Dresdner Eisl\u00f6wen\n\nP\u0159ehled ligov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti \n\nStru\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159ehled\n\nZdroj:\n\n 1990\u20131994: Eishockey-Sachsenliga (5. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 1994\u20131998: Eishockey-Regionalliga Nordost (4. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 1998\u20131999: Eishockey-Sachsenliga (5. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 1999\u20132001: Eishockey-Oberliga Nord (3. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 2001\u20132003: Eishockey-Oberliga (3. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 2003\u20132005: Eishockey-Oberliga Nordost (3. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 2005\u20132007: 2. Eishockey-Bundesliga (2. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 2007\u20132008: Eishockey-Oberliga Nord (3. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 2008\u20132013: 2. Eishockey-Bundesliga (2. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n 2013\u2013 : DEL2 (2. ligov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 v N\u011bmecku)\n\nJednotliv\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00edky\n\nZdroj:\n\nLegenda: Z\u010c \u2013 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st, \u010derven\u00e9 podbarven\u00ed \u2013 sestup, zelen\u00e9 podbarven\u00ed \u2013 postup, fialov\u00e9 podbarven\u00ed \u2013 reorganizace, zm\u011bna skupiny \u010di sout\u011b\u017ee\n\nOdkazy\n\nLiteratura \n Stephan M\u00fcller: Deutsche Eishockey-Meisterschaften. Books On Demand, Norderstedt 2000, .\n Patrick Reichelt: Superliga DEL: die Chronik der Deutschen Eishockeyliga, Kassel 2004, .\n\nReference\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nky \n\nN\u011bmeck\u00e9 kluby ledn\u00edho hokeje\nKluby ledn\u00edho hokeje zalo\u017een\u00e9 v roce 1990\nSportovn\u00ed kluby v Dr\u00e1\u017e\u010fanech", "meta": {"title": "Dresdner Eisl\u00f6wen", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dresdner%20Eisl%C3%B6wen", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0490\u043b\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0456, \u0443 \u0433\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014   (2011).\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 31 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044f 2011 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443:\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 (\u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e)", "meta": {"title": "\u0490\u043b\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Borislav Kosti\u0107 (parfois Boris, Bora, Kostic, Kostisch) (n\u00e9 le  \u00e0 Vr\u0161ac, Autriche-Hongrie (aujourd'hui en Serbie), mort le  \u00e0 Belgrade) est un grand ma\u00eetre serbe du jeu d'\u00e9checs.\n\nBiographie et carri\u00e8re \nKosti\u0107 apprit \u00e0 jouer aux \u00e9checs vers l'\u00e2ge de dix ans, et fit de rapides progr\u00e8s tandis qu'il \u00e9tudiait le commerce oriental \u00e0 Budapest. Il passa \u00e9galement du temps \u00e0 Vienne, la capitale des \u00e9checs d'alors, ce qui lui permit de pratiquer le jeu \u00e0 haut niveau.\nEn 1910, il parvint \u00e0 Cologne et de l\u00e0, voyagea beaucoup, surtout dans les Am\u00e9riques, jouant des matchs contre des champions locaux et d\u00e9montrant ses \u00e9tonnantes capacit\u00e9s en partie simultan\u00e9e \u00e0 l'aveugle. \u00c0 New York en 1916, il joua contre 20 adversaires sans voir les \u00e9chiquiers, gagna 19 parties et annula la derni\u00e8re tout en conversant courtoisement avec les adversaires et les spectateurs.\n\nKosti\u0107 joua aussi des matchs plus formels contre Frank Marshall \u00e0 Cologne en 1911 (victoire 2 \u00e0 1), Jackson Showalter et Paul Saladin Leonhardt et les remporta tous. \u00c0 La Havane 1919, cette s\u00e9rie de victoires se termine brutalement avec une d\u00e9faite 0 \u00e0 5 contre Jos\u00e9 Ra\u00fal Capablanca. Il participe \u00e9galement \u00e0 des tournois aux \u00c9tats-Unis, notamment \u00e0 New York 1916, Chicago 1918 et New York 1918, o\u00f9 il finit  Capablanca.\n\nDans le circuit europ\u00e9en, il remporta le tournoi de Stockholm 1913, finit premier au tournoi de Hastings 1921-1922. \u00c0 Trencianske Teplice 1928, il finit  L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Szab\u00f3 et Xavier Tartakover. \u00c0 Bled 1931, il est , mais bat cependant d'excellents joueurs tels que G\u00e9za Mar\u00f3czy, Edgard Colle et Vasja Pirc, le tournoi est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'un des plus forts de cette p\u00e9riode. \u00c0 Bucarest 1932, il remporte le titre de champion de Roumanie. \u00c0 Belgrade 1935, il partage le titre de champion de Yougoslavie avec Pirc et devient le champion unique en 1938. Il est aussi premier sans partage \u00e0 Ljubljana la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e.\n\nDe 1923 \u00e0 1926, Kosti\u0107 voyagea partout dans le monde, y compris en Australasie, en Extr\u00eame-Orient, en Afrique, en Inde et en Sib\u00e9rie, d\u00e9montrant ses facult\u00e9s hors du commun, suscitant de l'int\u00e9r\u00eat et nouant des contacts au fil de ses rencontres. Il \u00e9tait sans conteste un ambassadeur efficace du jeu, bien que cela ait probablement nuit \u00e0 sa carri\u00e8re de joueur.\n\u00c0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1920, il fit une tourn\u00e9e des Am\u00e9riques et commence une s\u00e9rie de quatre participations aux olympiades, repr\u00e9sentant la Yougoslavie de 1927 \u00e0 1937.\n\nPendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Kosti\u0107, qui est juif, est captur\u00e9 par les Nazis et emprisonn\u00e9 dans un camp de concentration.\nIl joue ensuite \u00e0 un moins haut niveau. Il participe encore au tournoi des v\u00e9t\u00e9rans \u00e0 Zurich 1962, qu'il remporte.\n\nKosti\u0107 se vit attribuer le titre de grand ma\u00eetre international par la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration internationale des \u00e9checs en 1950.\n\nIl est mort \u00e0 Belgrade en 1963, \u00e0 l'\u00e2ge de 76 ans.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n \n\n Life and Times Article\n\nLiens externes \n \n Biographie sur Vrsac.com\n Statistiques sur ChessWorld.net\n\nNaissance en f\u00e9vrier 1887\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en novembre 1963\nJoueur serbe d'\u00e9checs\nJoueur yougoslave d'\u00e9checs\nGrand ma\u00eetre international\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e0 76 ans", "meta": {"title": "Borislav Kosti\u0107", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borislav%20Kosti%C4%87", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Worthington \u2013 miasto w Stanach Zjednoczonych, w stanie Kentucky, w hrabstwie Greenup.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nMiasta w stanie Kentucky", "meta": {"title": "Worthington (Kentucky)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthington%20%28Kentucky%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rut Carballido Lopez \u00e9s una microbi\u00f2loga d'origen espanyol i l\u00edder d'equip d'investigaci\u00f3 a Fran\u00e7a. Va guanyar el premi Ir\u00e8ne-Joliot-Curie el 2015.\n\nDirigeix l'equip de desenvolupament de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules procariotes a l'Institut Micalis, una unitat mixta que investiga associant la INRA i AgroParisTech. \u00c9s membre de l'Organitzaci\u00f3 europea de biologia mol\u00e9culair. Ha rebut el premi Ir\u00e8ne-Joliot-Curie\u00a0com a jove dona cient\u00edfica de l'any 2015 pels seus treballs sobre els papers dels actines bacterians a diferents processos cel\u00b7lulars, sobretot a la morfogenesi, per comprendre millor com \u00e9s controlada la paret de les bacteries i quin \u00e9s el paper del citoesquelet\u00a0en aquest proc\u00e9s,\n\nPublicacions \n The Bacterial Actin-Like Cytoskeleton\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies \n\nMicrobi\u00f2legs\nBi\u00f2legs espanyols", "meta": {"title": "Rut Carballido Lopez", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rut%20Carballido%20Lopez", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hrad Loket \u00e4r en borg i Tjeckien.   Den ligger i distriktet Okres Sokolov och regionen Karlovy Vary, i den v\u00e4stra delen av landet,  km v\u00e4ster om huvudstaden Prag. Hrad Loket ligger  meter \u00f6ver havet.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar\n\nGeografi i Karlovy Vary (region)\nByggnader i Tjeckien", "meta": {"title": "Hrad Loket", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrad%20Loket", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Patrick Rakovsky (Olpe, 2 juni 1993) is een Duits voetballer van Tsjechische afkomst die dienstdoet als doelman. Hij stroomde in 2011 door vanuit de jeugd van FC N\u00fcrnberg.\n\nClubcarri\u00e8re \nRakovsky, die tot zijn zesde in Duitsland leefde en vervolgens met zijn ouders naar de Tsjechi\u00eb emigreerde, speelde in zijn jeugd bij FK Dukla Praag, Sparta Praag, Slavia Praag en vier seizoenen bij Schalke 04. In 2011 haalde FC N\u00fcrnberg hem weg bij Schalke 04. Op 20 augustus 2011 debuteerde Rakovsky op zestienjarige leeftijd in het Signal Iduna Park van Borussia Dortmund voor 78.400 toeschouwers. Hij werd derde het klassement om de Fritz Walter Medaille in 2012 als beste speler bij de -19.\n\nIn oktober 2017 ondertekende hij, na enkele maanden zonder club gezeten te hebben, een contract tot het einde van het seizoen bij Lierse SK. Hij nam er meteen de plaats van Jari De Busser in. Met Rakovsky in doel won Lierse zeven competitiewedstrijden op rij. De Duitser bleef het hele seizoen in doel staan bij de Pallieters, die op het einde van het seizoen failliet gingen.\n\nNa het faillissement van Lierse bleef Rakovsky opnieuw een tijdje zonder club. Hij belandde uiteindelijk bij de Finse eersteklasser FC Lahti. Sinds 2021 komt hij uit voor Orange County SC.\n\nErelijst \nPersoonlijk\n\nOnder 19 Fritz Walter Medaille: Brons 2012\n\nDuits voetballer", "meta": {"title": "Patrick Rakovsky", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick%20Rakovsky", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La sindrome da disfunzione multiorgano (o MODS, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome), un tempo chiamata sindrome da insufficienza multiorgano (o MOFS, Multiple Organ Failure Syndrome), \u00e8 una sindrome sistemica, che generalmente si associa a shock, a sepsi, a sindrome da risposta infiammatoria sistemica, caratterizzata dall'insorgenza acuta dell'alterazione della funzione degli organi di un paziente, in cui \u00e8 necessario l'intervento medico per ripristinare l'omeostasi dell'organismo. Solitamente sono coinvolti due o pi\u00f9 apparati.\n\nEpidemiologia e storia\n\nPer molti anni, alcuni quadri clinici venivano genericamente classificati come sepsi o sindrome settica. In anni pi\u00f9 recenti, questi concetti sono stati perfezionati, cosicch\u00e9 ora si ha una definizione specifica di \"sepsi\" che affianca due nuovi concetti, la sindrome da risposta infiammatoria sistemica (o SIRS) e la sindrome da disfunzione multiorgano (o MODS).\n\nEziologia\nLa sindrome \u00e8 solitamente causata da infezioni, lesioni (trauma, intervento chirurgico), ipoperfusione o ipermetabolismo. La causa scatenante, in ogni caso, attiva una risposta infiammatoria incontrollata.\n\nLa sepsi \u00e8 la causa pi\u00f9 comune, e pu\u00f2 provocare uno shock settico. In assenza di infezione, la condizione viene definita sindrome da risposta infiammatoria sistemica (SIRS). Sia la SIRS che la sepsi (che non \u00e8 altro che una SIRS causata da infezione) possono progredire fino alla sindrome da disfunzione d'organo. Tuttavia, in un terzo dei pazienti non si scopre la causa originaria.\n\nAlcuni scienziati hanno sviluppato un modello di sepsi su topo tramite legatura del cieco e sua iniezione di sostanze attive (\"CLP\").\n\nAd alcuni dei topi albini maschi sottoposti a CLP \u00e8 stata somministrata interleuchina 10 legata ad un vettore, ad altri solo un vettore vuoto come controllo. Il danno tissutale a polmone, fegato e rene \u00e8 stato misurato rilevando l'attivit\u00e0 della mieloperossidasi e della malondialdeide: questi sono composti endogeni ossidanti, prodotti durante l'infiammazione di un tessuto. Gli autori hanno anche valutato il livello di infiltrazione dei neutrofili nel tessuto del polmone e del fegato; l'espressione di interleuchina 10, misurata mediante immunoistochimica; l'espressione dell'mRNA del TNF\u03b1, misurata dopo 3, 8 e 24 ore usando la PCR.\n\nI risultati mostrano che il danno d'organo \u00e8 significativamente ridotto dall'interleuchina 10, come quantificato dalla riduzione dell'attivit\u00e0 della mieloperossidasi nel polmone, nel fegato e nel rene. I fegati dei topi infettati con il vettore hanno mostrato ridotta attivit\u00e0 dei neutrofili. Gli studiosi hanno concluso che l'aumento dell'espressione genica di interleuchina 10 riduce significativamente le lesioni multiorgano causate dalla sepsi.\n\nPatogenesi\nNon \u00e8 stata ancora trovata una spiegazione patogenetica definitiva. Le risposte locali e sistemiche sono avviate dai danni ai tessuti. L'insufficienza respiratoria solitamente si instaura nelle prime 72 ore dopo l'evento scatenante; in seguito si possono presentare insufficienza epatica (in 5-7 giorni), emorragia gastrointestinale (in 10-15 giorni) e renale (in 11\u201317 giorni).\n\nPoich\u00e9 nella maggior parte dei casi la causa primaria non viene trovata, la sindrome potrebbe fare parte di un'alterazione dell'omeostasi che coinvolge i meccanismi di seguito indicati.\n\nIpotesi \"viscerale\" \nL'ipotesi pi\u00f9 conosciuta \u00e8 stata formulata da Deitch. A causa di una ipoperfusione splancnica, e della conseguente ischemia della mucosa, vi sono cambiamenti strutturali ed alterazioni delle funzioni cellulari; ci\u00f2 si traduce in una maggiore permeabilit\u00e0 intestinale, alterazioni della funzione immunitaria dell'intestino e aumento dell'invasione batterica. La disfunzione epatica porta all'entrata di tossine nella circolazione sistemica, attivando una risposta immunitaria. Tutto questo si traduce in lesioni dei tessuti e disfunzioni degli organi.\n\nIpotesi endotossica \nLe infezioni da batteri Gram-negativi in pazienti con MODS sono relativamente comuni, quindi l'endotossina \u00e8 stata proposta come principale mediatore di questo disturbo. Si pensa che dopo l'evento scatenante vengano prodotte e rilasciate varie citochine, come alcuni mediatori proinfiammatori: TNF-\u03b1, interleuchina-1, interleuchina-6, trombossano A2, prostaciclina, fattore attivante le piastrine, ossido nitrico.\n\nIpotesi dell'ipossia tissutale \nCome risultato dei cambiamenti macro- e microvascolari si verifica un insufficiente apporto di ossigeno agli organi. L'ipossia causa la disfunzione d'organo e la morte cellulare.\n\nClinica\nLa sindrome da disfunzione multiorgano \u00e8 ormai definita come la fase finale di un continuum che va da \"infezione\" a \"sindrome da risposta infiammatoria sistemica\", a \"sepsi\", a \"sepsi severa\", a \"disfunzione d'organo\".\n\n\u00c8 stata proposta una stadiazione clinica in quattro stad\u00ee:\n Stadio 1: il paziente ha necessit\u00e0 di controllo della volemia, una lieve alcalosi respiratoria, accompagnata da oliguria, iperglicemia e necessit\u00e0 di insulina.\n Stadio 2: il paziente ha tachipnea, ipocapnia ed ipossiemia; disfunzione epatica moderata e possibili anomalie ematologiche.\n Stadio 3: il paziente \u00e8 in shock, con alterazioni dell'azotemia e dell'equilibrio acido-base. Significative anomalie della coagulazione.\n Stadio 4: il paziente \u00e8 dipendente da terapie che mantengono la pressione sanguigna, presenta oliguria o anuria; possono seguire colite ischemica ed acidosi lattica.\n\nTrattamento\nAllo stato attuale non vi \u00e8 alcun trattamento che pu\u00f2 invertire una disfunzione d'organo in atto. La terapia \u00e8 quindi limitata a terapie di supporto, ovvero l'assistenza emodinamica e della respirazione. Il mantenimento di un'adeguata ossigenazione dei tessuti \u00e8 l'obiettivo principale.\n\nL'inizio di una nutrizione enterale entro 36 ore dal ricovero riduce le complicanze infettive.\n\nUno studio controllato randomizzato ha concluso che la proteina C attivata (APC, il maggiore anticoagulante fisiologico dell'organismo) umana ricombinante, somministrata sotto forma di drotrecogin-alfa attivato, possa ridurre il tasso di mortalit\u00e0 a 28 giorni; la riduzione del rischio relativo era del 21,8%. Per i pazienti a rischio, simili a quelli considerati nel sopracitato studio (in cui la mortalit\u00e0 a 28 giorni \u00e8 pari al 33,9%), questo porta ad una riduzione del rischio assoluto pari al 7,4%.\n\nAttualmente i ricercatori stanno cercando bersagli genetici per una terapia genica, al fine di prevenire la progressione della disfunzione d'organo. Alcuni autori hanno ipotizzato che l'inattivazione dei fattori di trascrizione NF-\u03baB e del fattore di trascrizione AP-1 pu\u00f2 essere un obiettivo adatto per la prevenzione della sepsi e della SIRS in quanto questi sono due geni pro-infiammatori; tuttavia essi sono anche componenti essenziali di una normale e sana risposta immunitaria, per cui vi \u00e8 il rischio di indurre una crescente vulnerabilit\u00e0 alle infezioni causando un deterioramento clinico.\n\nPrognosi\nLa mortalit\u00e0 varia dal 30% al 100%; la possibilit\u00e0 di sopravvivenza diminuisce all'aumentare del numero di organi coinvolti. Dal 1980 ad oggi il tasso di mortalit\u00e0 non \u00e8 cambiato.\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia\n\nVoci correlate\n Shock\n Sindrome da risposta infiammatoria sistemica\n Sepsi\n Insufficienza renale acuta\n Sindrome da distress respiratorio\n Insufficienza cardiaca\n Terapia intensiva\n Insufficienza epatica\n Insufficienza respiratoria\n\nDisfunzione multiorgano\nMalattie sistemiche\nQuadri clinici", "meta": {"title": "Sindrome da disfunzione multiorgano", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindrome%20da%20disfunzione%20multiorgano", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bicycle-friendly policies and practices help some people feel more comfortable about traveling by bicycle with other traffic.  The level of bicycle-friendliness of an environment can be influenced by many factors including town planning and cycling infrastructure decisions. A stigma towards people who ride bicycles and fear of cycling is a social construct that needs to be fully understood when promoting a bicycle friendly culture.\n\nUrban planning\n\nAssuming people prefer to get to their destination quickly, urban planning and zoning may affect whether schools, shops, public transport interchanges and other destination are within a reasonable cycling distance of the areas where people live.  If urban form influences these issues, then compact and circular settlement patterns as in Elizabeth, NJ may promote cycling. Alternatively, the low-density, non-circular (i.e., linear) settlement patterns characteristic of urban sprawl as in nearby downtown Newark tends to discourage cycling.  In 1990, the Dutch adopted the \"ABC\" guidelines, specifically limiting developments that are major attractants to locations that are readily accessible by non-car users.\n\nThe manner in which the public roads network is designed, built and managed can have a significant effect on the utility and safety of cycling as transport. Settlements that provide a dense roads network consisting of interconnected streets will tend to encourage cycling.\n\nIn contrast, other communities may use a cul-de-sac based, housing estate/housing subdivision model where minor roads are disconnected and only feed into a street hierarchy of progressively more \"arterial\" type roads. Designs that propose to resolve the contradiction between the cul-de-sac and the traditional interconnected network, such as the fused grid, have been proposed and built with varying levels of success.\n\nIn the UK, the principle of 'filtered permeability' has been proposed in some government guidance to maximise the ease of movement of cyclists and pedestrians, whilst constraining it for motor vehicles, see permeability.\n\nCycling infrastructure\n\nCycling infrastructure includes bikeways, maps, signs, signals, protected intersections and bicycle parking.\n\nSelection of cycling-friendly infrastructure\n\nBenefits of bicycle-friendly communities\nA community's infrastructure can affect its citizens\u2019 health, especially in regard to obesity and physical activity. Cities that incorporate bicycle routes have a higher percentage of bicycle commuters. Studies have shown that even moderate increases in physical activity can have a substantial effect on health. Bicycling to work has been shown to decrease mortality by as much as 40%.\n\nBicycling is often used as an alternative to travel by car. Automobile travel provides the perception of increased mobility and convenience for travelers, but also has high costs associated with taxes, insurance, fuel, maintenance, road construction and repair, and contributes to air pollution. When infrastructure is built to allow consumers to choose between automobile and other forms of travel, it reduces a community's automobile dependency and allows for more efficient transport choices and land usage.\n\nRecognition\nIn the U.S., the League of American Bicyclists has formally recognized some cities as bicycle-friendly communities for \"providing safe accommodation and facilities for bicyclists and encouraging residents to bike for transportation and recreation.\"\n\nTourism\n\nThe British tourist board award holiday accommodation providers who are cycle friendly with a \"Cycle Friendly\" award.\n\nThe League of American Bicyclists designated New Orleans as a Bicycle Friendly City in 2011.\n\nSee also\n\nCyclability\n\nMikael Colville-Andersen\n Outline of cycling\nPrinciples of intelligent urbanism\nRoad safety\n\nUrban vitality\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nCycling for Everyone: Lessons for Vancouver from the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany (video of lecture by John Pucher)\nWalking, Bicycling and Public Spaces: Experiences from Bogota and Beyond  (video of lecture by Gil Pe\u00f1alosa of Walk and Bike for Life)\n\nLivable Communities Resource Guide\n\nCycling infrastructure", "meta": {"title": "Bicycle-friendly", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle-friendly", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Intellectual property valuation is a process to determine the monetary value of intellectual property assets. IP valuation is required to be able to sell, license, or enter into commercial arrangements based on IP. It is also beneficial in the enforcement of IP rights, for internal management of IP assets, and for various financial processes.\n\nContext\nIntellectual property assets are part of the non-physical property of a business. They are a sub-set of intangible assets and distinguished from other intangible assets by the fact that they are created by law. As such, IP assets are legally protected and can be legally enforced. These can be independently identified, are transferable and have an economic life (in contrast to their legal life, which is generally longer than their economic life). They include patents, industrial designs, trademarks, copyright, and trade secrets. \n\nIntellectual property derives its value from a wide range of parameters such as usefulness, market share, barriers to entry, legal protection, profitability, industrial and economic factors, growth projections, remaining economic life, and new technologies, all of which will inhere in the valuation. The value of an IP asset essentially comes from the right the owner of that asset has to exclude competitors from using it. For an IP asset to have a quantifiable value it should:\n generate a measurable amount of economic benefits to its owner or authorized user; and\n enhance the value of other assets with which it is associated. Value can be derived through direct exploitation of the IP by integrating it within the product, or sale or licensing of the IP to a third party or other means, such as raising barriers to entry or reducing the threat of substitutes.\n\nAn IP valuation - or economic appraisal -  is prepared, for example, for transactions, merger and acquisition, pricing and strategic purposes, financing securitization and collateralization, tax planning and compliance, and litigation support.\n\nFinally, the information is devoted to be turned into financial models to estimate the fundamental value of a particular type of intellectual property based on such adapted International Valuation Standards.\n Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP)\n International Valuation Standards Committee (IVSC) (50 Countries)\n US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)\n International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)\n Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)\n\nApproaches\n\nIn order to be able sell, license or enter into any commercial arrangements based on IP, the owner need to be able to put a value on an IP asset. IP valuation is also beneficial in the enforcement of IP rights, for internal management of IP assets, and for various financial processes.\n\nThe valuation process necessitates gathering much more information as well as in-depth understanding of economy, industry, and specific business that directly affect the value of the intellectual property. Therefore, such information may be gathered from external and / or internal sources \n\nTo be able to value an IP asset, the asset should meet the following conditions:\n It must be separately identifiable (subject to specific identification and with a recognizable description)\n There should be tangible evidence of the existence of the asset (e.g. a contract, a license, a registration document, record in financial statements, etc.)\n It should have been created at an identifiable point in time.\n It should be capable of being legally enforced and transferred.\n Its income stream should be separately identifiable and isolated from those of other business assets.\n It should be able to be sold independently of other business assets.\n It should be subject to destruction or termination at an identifiable point in time.\n\nThe valuation analysts use numerous approaches in order to reach a reasonable indication of a defined value for the subject intangible assets on a certain date which is referred to as the valuation date. The most common approaches to estimate the fundamental or fair value of the intellectual property are defined as the following:\n \n Income approach: This approach estimates the fair value of intellectual property by discounting the future economic benefits of ownership at an appropriate discount rate. It is the most commonly used method for IP valuation. This method is easiest to use for IP assets with positive cash flows, for those whose cash flows can be estimated with some degree of reliability for future periods, and where a proxy for risk can be used to obtain discount rates.\n Cost approach: The cost approach is based on the economic principle of substitution.  This principle states that an investor will pay no more for an asset than the cost to obtain, by purchasing or constructing, a substitute asset of equal utility. There are several cost approach valuation methods, the most common being the historical cost, replacement cost, and replication cost. The cost method is particularly useful when the IP asset can be easily reproduced and when the economic benefits of the asset cannot be accurately quantified. This method does not account for wasted costs, nor does it consider any unique or novel characteristics of the asset.\n Market approach: The market approach is based on the economic principle of competition and equilibrium. These principles conclude that, in a free and unrestricted market, supply and demand factors will drive the price of an asset at equilibrium point. Furthermore, it provides an indication of the value by comparing the price at which similar property has exchanged between willing buyers and sellers. Data on such similar transactions may be accessed in several public sources, including specialized royalty rate databases. This method has the advantage of being simple and based on market information, so it is often used to establish approximate values for use in determining royalty rates, tax, and inputs for the income method.\nDirect approach: The direct approach is based on the current value of shares of intellectual property in an Intellectual Property (IP) Share Market.\nUsing the pay-off method on top of the four above mentioned methods is a way to enhance the valuation and analysis of intellectual property \n\nRegardless of the method used, the valuation process requires gathering much information about the IP asset, as well as an in-depth understanding of the economy, industry, and specific business that directly affect its value. This information can be obtained by conducting an event-driven IP audit, as well as background research.\n\nSee also\nEconomics and patents\nPatent portfolio\nPatent valuation\nTax amortization benefit\n Intangible asset finance\n\nSources\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Valuing Intellectual Property Assets\n intangible Asset @ Intellectual Property Valuation: a multidisciplinary Perspective\n\nIntellectual property law\nValuation (finance)", "meta": {"title": "Intellectual property valuation", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual%20property%20valuation", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Borda del Sant \u00e9s una borda a\u00efllada del terme municipal de Conca de Dalt, dins de l'antic terme d'Hortoneda de la Conca. Pertanyia a l'antic poble d'Herba-savina.\n\nEst\u00e0 situada a les Collades de Dalt, en el seu sector meridional, a prop i al sud-oest de la Font de les Llagunes, a prop tamb\u00e9 i al nord-oest de la Pista del Portell, a la dreta de la llau de les Collades de Dalt.\n\nEnlla\u00e7os externs \n Institut Cartogr\u00e0fic de Catalunya; cal fer dos passos d'aproximaci\u00f3\n\nSant", "meta": {"title": "Borda del Sant", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borda%20del%20Sant", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "California \u00e4r en ort i Mexiko.   Den ligger i kommunen Jim\u00e9nez och delstaten Chihuahua, i den centrala delen av landet,  km nordv\u00e4st om huvudstaden Mexico City. California ligger  meter \u00f6ver havet och antalet inv\u00e5nare \u00e4r .\n\nTerr\u00e4ngen runt California \u00e4r platt. Den h\u00f6gsta punkten i n\u00e4rheten \u00e4r  meter \u00f6ver havet,  km \u00f6ster om California. Runt California \u00e4r det mycket glesbefolkat, med  inv\u00e5nare per kvadratkilometer. N\u00e4rmaste st\u00f6rre samh\u00e4lle \u00e4r Jos\u00e9 Mariano Jim\u00e9nez,  km sydv\u00e4st om California. Omgivningarna runt California \u00e4r i huvudsak ett \u00f6ppet busklandskap.\n\nEtt kallt st\u00e4ppklimat r\u00e5der i trakten. \u00c5rsmedeltemperaturen i trakten \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C. Den varmaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r juni, d\u00e5 medeltemperaturen \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C, och den kallaste \u00e4r januari, med \u00a0\u00b0C. Genomsnittlig \u00e5rsnederb\u00f6rd \u00e4r  millimeter. Den regnigaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r juli, med i genomsnitt  mm nederb\u00f6rd, och den torraste \u00e4r maj, med  mm nederb\u00f6rd.\n\nKommentarer\n\nReferenser \n\nOrter i Chihuahua", "meta": {"title": "California, Chihuahua", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/California%2C%20Chihuahua", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0430 (\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043d), \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \n\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 22 \u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0432\u0440\u0438 1941 \u0433. \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430 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\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0429\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1971 \u0433. \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0432 \u0420\u0438\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0416\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e.\n\n\u041e\u0442 1972 \u0433. \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430. 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\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u044f\u0432\u0430 (\u0438\u0437\u0432\u044a\u043d \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f) \u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1973 \u0433. \u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436 \u0432 \u0420\u0435\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0435 \u0432 \u201e\u041e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u201c \u0432\u044a\u0432 \u0412\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1975 \u0433. \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0431\u044e\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u201e\u041b\u0430 \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u201c \u0438 \u0432 \u043b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u201e\u041a\u043e\u0432\u044a\u043d\u0442 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044a\u043d\u201c\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1973 \u0433. \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0435 \u0447\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0444\u043e\u043d \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u045d \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u201eDe temporum fine comoedia\u201c \u043e\u0442 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043b \u041e\u0440\u0444 \u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0417\u0430\u043b\u0446\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1975 \u0433. \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u045d \u0441\u044a\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f\u043d, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0441\u043c\u044a\u0440\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 1989 \u0433. \u043e\u0431\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 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\u043c\u0430\u0439\u00a0\u2013 \u0432 \u201e\u0420\u0435\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c\u201c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0420\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438.\n\n\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \n \u0412\u0438\u043d\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0446\u043e \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438: \u041d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 (\u041d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430)\n \u0423\u043c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e: \u041c\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 (\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0428\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435)\n \u0412\u043e\u043b\u0444\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0433 \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0443\u0441 \u041c\u043e\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0442: \u0414\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 (\u0414\u043e\u043d \u0416\u0443\u0430\u043d); \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0430 (\u0421\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0424\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043e)\n \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043e \u041f\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438: \u0422\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430 (\u0422\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430); \u0422\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0442 (\u0422\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0442)\n \u0420\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0429\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0441: \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 (\u041a\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0430); \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 (\u0410\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u043a\u0441\u043e\u0441); \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430 (\u0410\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430)\n \u041f\u044c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0427\u0430\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438: \u0422\u0430\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0430 (\u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u041e\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043d)\n \u0414\u0436\u0443\u0437\u0435\u043f\u0435 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438: \u0410\u0438\u0434\u0430 (\u0410\u0438\u0434\u0430); \u0414\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430 (\u041e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e); \u0415\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0442 (\u0414\u043e\u043d \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0441); \u0412\u0438\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430 (\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0430)\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\n\n\u0412\u044a\u043d\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n  \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\n  (\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b)\n\n\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0438\n\u0412\u044a\u0437\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f\n\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\n\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u044f\n\u041d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d \u201e\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430\u201c\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Saint and Greavsie was a British television show in which former footballers Ian St John and Jimmy Greaves discussed current football themes such as the day's matches. It ran on ITV from 1985 to 1992.\n\nFormat\nEnglishman Jimmy Greaves and Scotsman Ian St John were successful football players in the 1960s, but they did not play for the same club; Greaves spent the bulk of his career with Chelsea and Tottenham Hotspur, while St John played mainly for Liverpool. Their collaboration as television football pundits started with On the Ball in World of Sport. Usually St John would host from the London studio and would cross over to Greaves, who was elsewhere, to get his views, but they would eventually be based in the same studio. The segment was highly popular, leading to the commissioning of Saint and Greavsie as a programme in its own right immediately after the demise of World of Sport in September 1985. A key characteristic of the show was comedy, with St John prompting Greaves to jokes and jibes.\n\nThe show was usually about 30 minutes long and was initially broadcast shortly after noon on Saturdays, to coincide with the build-up to that afternoon's football matches. In later years it usually went on air shortly after 1pm and in its final season was increased in length to a 45-minute slot. At various points in the show the goals of previous matches would be shown. The show included features on clubs in both English and Scottish leagues and discussion of that weekend's major games, emphasising matches that ITV planned to broadcast.\n\nThe series initially had a simple opening sequence showing a rotating rudimentary CGI-image of a football pitch revolving several times, before a still of the two presenters popped up at the end; the theme tune was initially identical to that used for the \"On the Ball\" segment of 'World of Sport. In later years, the introduction to the show began with St John and Greaves as cigarette cards from their playing days on the opening credits, and the theme tune was changed to a piece named \"Aztec Gold\", composed by Silsoe, which, at the time, was being used as the theme tune for ITV's The Big Match, after being the theme tune for the station's coverage of the 1986 World Cup.\n\nAlthough the show predominantly dealt with football, it also covered sports such as cricket and boxing, with interviewees including Mike Tyson and Chris Eubank. When Greaves was ill at Christmas 1990, he was replaced by commentator Peter Brackley voicing a puppet modelled on him from Spitting Image, a show he had often featured on.\n\nIn the 1991\u201392 season, the Rumbelows Cup draw was broadcast on Saint and Greavsie. The away teams for the quarter-finals were drawn by future USA president Donald Trump, when the duo were in the United States to film a programme looking at how the country was preparing for the 1994 FIFA World Cup.\n\nGoal of the Season\nAfter ITV secured the rights to show league football, the network had their own Goal of the Season award (the BBC had the rights to FA Cup matches, so their award always went to the winning goal in the FA Cup final). Every First Division club were eligible, with the best goal from each respective season chosen by the club's manager. The next week, the list was cut down to six, with the general public able to send their top three goals in order. The goal with the most votes was the winner.\n\nIn the final series, the twenty nominations were chosen by the Saint and Greavsie team, as more than one goal scored by Manchester United and Arsenal players were chosen. Goals from Second Division clubs were also included.\n\nEnd of an era\nIn the summer of 1992, ITV lost the rights to broadcast top-tier English football matches as the newly formed Premier League contracted to Sky Sports. ITV then discontinued Saint and Greavsie. The final programmes were broadcast from Sweden during Euro 92, with the pair singing \"The Last Time\" in the final credits and making jokes at Sky's expense.\n\nAside from a 1995 series Saint and Greavsie's World of Sport, the pair did not present under the name Saint and Greavsie again, but continued to link up together and remained in touch. They occasionally presented Champions League preview shows together and both remained employed by ITV for several years. Together, they hosted the discussion show Sport in Question. St John continued to be used as a co-commentator for the ITV network until the arrival of Jim Beglin, while Greaves continued to appear as a pundit and co-commentator in the Central region until 1996, when he was gradually phased out in favour of Ron Atkinson. Away from their work, Greaves and St John rarely met due to living in Essex and on the Wirral respectively, but Greaves said they had a \"lovely relationship\".\n\nIn 2004, Saint and Greavsie were studio guests in an episode of Fantasy Football League, when they were described as the \"godfathers\" of football comedy by Frank Skinner and David Baddiel. In earlier years they had been parodied in sketches on the show. St John criticised Baddiel and Skinner in his autobiography and interviews, following their appearance on the show.\n\nOther formats\nIn 1989, Grandslam Entertainment released Saint and Greavsie, a football trivia quiz game, on a variety of computer platforms. It was developed by Core Design. In 2006, Saint and Greavsie released a DVD quiz, featuring retro football action, with a book, Saint and Greavsie's Funny Old Games, having also since been published.\n\nIn May 2009, Setanta Sports announced that Saint and Greavsie were reforming their double act to star in a FA Cup Special on 30 May, the day of the Cup Final. The Saint and Greavsie FA Cup Special was broken up into three separate mini-programmes appearing throughout the build up to the Everton v Chelsea final.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1980s British sports television series\n1985 British television series debuts\n1990s British sports television series\n1992 British television series endings\nEnglish Football League on television\nEnglish-language television shows\nITV Sport\nLondon Weekend Television shows\nTelevision series by ITV Studios", "meta": {"title": "Saint and Greavsie", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint%20and%20Greavsie", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 140th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 3 to October 2, 1917, during the third year of Charles S. Whitman's governorship, in Albany.\n\nBackground\nUnder the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1894, re-apportioned in 1906 and 1907, 51 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts; senators for a two-year term, assemblymen for a one-year term. The senatorial districts were made up of entire counties, except New York County (twelve districts), Kings County (eight districts), Erie County (three districts) and Monroe County (two districts). The Assembly districts were made up of contiguous area, all within the same county.\n\nAt this time there were two major political parties: the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Socialist Party, the Prohibition Party, the Progressive Party, the Independence League, the Socialist Labor Party and the American Party also nominated tickets.\n\nElections\nThe New York state election, 1916, was held on November 7. Charles S. Whitman and Edward Schoeneck were re-elected Governor and Lieutenant Governor; both Republicans. The other eight statewide elective offices were also carried by Republicans. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Governor, was: Republicans 836,000; Democrats 687,000; Socialists 63,000; Prohibition 22,000; Progressives 7,000; Independence League 5,000; Socialist Labor 4,000; and American 2,000.\n\nSessions\nThe Legislature met for the regular session at the State Capitol in Albany on January 3, 1917; and adjourned on May 10.\n\nThaddeus C. Sweet (R) was re-elected Speaker.\n\nElon R. Brown (R) was re-elected Temporary President of the State Senate.\n\nThe Legislature redistricted the Senate seats, and re-apportioned the number of assemblymen per county. Bronx County\u2014which had been part of New York County at the time of the previous apportionment and occupied roughly the area of four Assembly districts\u2014was properly separated, and was apportioned eight seats. New York County (without the Bronx) lost eight seats; and Erie, Jefferson and Ulster counties lost one seat each. Queens County gained two seats; and Broome, Nassau, Richmond, Schenectady and Westchester counties gained one seat each.\n\nThe Legislature met for a special session at the State Capitol in Albany on July 31, 1917. This session was called to enact food control legislation, which would regulate the seizure and shipping of food to the Allies in Europe, helping them with their war effort against Germany during World War I.\n\nOn August 24, the Food Control Bill was passed by the Legislature. The bill established a three-member Food Control Commission. The Legislature took a recess until September 6.\n\nOn September 7, the State Senate rejected the nomination of George Walbridge Perkins as Chairman of the Food Control Commission, and took a recess until September 25.\n\nOn October 2, the State Senate rejected again the nomination of Perkins; and then confirmed the appointment of John Mitchell, Jacob Gould Schurman and Charles A. Wieting to the Food Control Commission. The Legislature then adjourned sine die.\n\nState Senate\n\nDistricts\n\nMembers\nThe asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. Salvatore A. Cotillo, John Knight, Ross Graves and Leonard W. H. Gibbs changed from the Assembly to the Senate.\n\nNote: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words \"...the Committee on (the)...\"\n\nEmployees\n Clerk: Ernest A. Fay\n Sergeant-at-Arms: Charles R. Hotaling\n Stenographer:\n\nState Assembly\nNote: For brevity, the chairmanships omit the words \"...the Committee on (the)...\"\n\nAssemblymen\n\nEmployees\n Clerk: Fred W. Hammond\n Sergeant-at-Arms: Harry W. Haines\nPostmaster: James H. Underwood\nGeneral Clerk: Wilson Messer\n\nNotes\n\nSources\n NEXT LEGISLATURE FIRMLY REPUBLICAN in NYT on November 8, 1916\n REPUBLICANS GAIN MORE LEGISLATORS in NYT on November 9, 1916\n URGES A COMMITTEE FOR NEW YORK BILLS in NYT on January 3, 1917\n\n140\n1917 in New York (state)\nNew York", "meta": {"title": "140th New York State Legislature", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/140th%20New%20York%20State%20Legislature", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Roccaporena is een plaats (frazione) in de Italiaanse gemeente Cascia.\n\nPlaats in Perugia", "meta": {"title": "Roccaporena", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roccaporena", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0410\u0440\u0491\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0434 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0437\u0456 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0440, \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0412\u0456\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0457. \u0421\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430 11 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0440, \u0437\u0430 4 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043f, \u0437\u0430 4 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u041f\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 2 \u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0437\u0443\u0442.\n\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \n\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0438 \u0412\u0456\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0412\u0456\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0457\n\u0410\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0440 (\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0437)", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u0440\u0491\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0434 (\u0410\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0440)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D2%91%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%20%28%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0416\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c\u00a0\u2014 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u041b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u043e\u043c \u043a \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0443, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438. \u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0451\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439: \u0432 2007 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 18-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430, \u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0442\u0451\u0441\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 200 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432 (61 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440). \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u044f\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0443.\n\n\u041a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u0438 \n \u0412 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435   \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 grani.ru, 24 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f 2012\n 9 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0439   \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 ''krabov.net\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\n\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\n\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438:\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e", "meta": {"title": "\u0416\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%8C", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Eugeniusz Ankutowicz (ur. 15 marca 1925 w Komarnie) \u2013 polski dow\u00f3dca wojskowy, pu\u0142kownik Wojska Polskiego.\n\nSyn zawodowego podoficera WP we Lwowie Tomasza i dyplomowanej po\u0142o\u017cnej Kazimiery. Prezes Oddzia\u0142u Zwi\u0105zku Inwalid\u00f3w Wojennych w Stargardzie.\n\nLata wojny \nPo uko\u0144czeniu szko\u0142y podstawowej w Komarnie, zda\u0142 do IX Gimnazjum i Liceum we Lwowie.\nW 1939 roku NKWD usi\u0142owa\u0142o aresztowa\u0107 ojca za udzia\u0142 w wyprawie kijowskiej i w obronie Lwowa, ale uprzedzony, przedosta\u0142 si\u0119 do Generalnego Gubernatorstwa. Jednak matk\u0119 Kazimier\u0119 i Eugeniusza deportowano w g\u0142\u0105b ZSRR (do Osinowki w obwodzie nowosybirskim). Po zawarciu umowy Sikorski-Stalin rodzina zmieni\u0142a miejsce zes\u0142ania i osiad\u0142a nad rzek\u0105 Czuj\u0105 w pobli\u017cu wi\u0119kszego skupiska Polak\u00f3w.\n\nZe wzgl\u0119du na m\u0142ody wiek, do Armii Andersa nie zosta\u0142 powo\u0142any. 2 czerwca 1943 roku przyjecha\u0142 do Sielc nad Ok\u0105. Tu otrzyma\u0142 przydzia\u0142 do szko\u0142y podoficerskiej 1 pu\u0142ku czo\u0142g\u00f3w. W czasie bitwy pod Lenino ochrania\u0142 sztab pu\u0142ku. Nast\u0119pnie szed\u0142 szlakiem 1 Brygady Pancernej im. Bohater\u00f3w Westerplatte. Ze Smole\u0144szczyzny w rejon \u017bytomierza i Berdyczowa, a nast\u0119pnie na Wo\u0142y\u0144 w rejon Kiwerc. Potem przez Lublin i przycz\u00f3\u0142ek warecko-magnuszewski. Po spaleniu czo\u0142gu w czasie walk o Prag\u0119, zosta\u0142 przydzielony do 1 Praskiego pu\u0142ku piechoty jako zast\u0119pca dow\u00f3dcy kompanii rusznic przeciwpancernych w II batalionie piechoty. We wrze\u015bniu i pa\u017adzierniku 1944 walczy\u0142 o Legionowo-P\u0142udy.\n\n15 lutego 1945 roku, po uko\u0144czeniu Oficerskiej Szko\u0142y Czo\u0142g\u00f3w, zosta\u0142 skierowany do 16 Samodzielnej Brygady Pancernej. Bra\u0142 udzia\u0142 w walkach o Pozna\u0144 i Gorz\u00f3w Wielkopolski w kierunku na Kostrzyn. St\u0105d skierowano brygad\u0119 na Wzg\u00f3rza Trzebnickie z zadaniem organizacji kolejnego pier\u015bcienia okr\u0105\u017cenia twierdzy Wroc\u0142aw. W kwietniu 1945 roku w ramach 16 BPanc forsowa\u0142 Nys\u0119 \u0141u\u017cyck\u0105 pod Rotenburgiem i walczy na kierunku Budziszyn-Drezno. Pod miastem Danbau zosta\u0142 ranny.\n\nOkres powojenny \nPo wyj\u015bciu ze szpitala, s\u0142u\u017cy\u0142 na r\u00f3\u017cnych stanowiskach w wojskach pancernych. 3 maja 1976 roku przeszed\u0142 na emerytur\u0119. Do Zwi\u0105zku Inwalid\u00f3w Wojennych zosta\u0142 przyj\u0119ty w 1989 roku.\n\nOrdery i odznaczenia \nPierwotny wykaz order\u00f3w i odznacze\u0144\n Krzy\u017c Kawalerski Orderu Odrodzenia Polski (leg. Nr 1154-73-6 z 7.09.1973)\n Krzy\u017c Walecznych (leg. Nr 12212 z 8.12.1951)\n Srebrny Krzy\u017c Zas\u0142ugi (bojowy) (leg. Nr 38851/12014 z 11.10.1946)\n Srebrny Krzy\u017c Zas\u0142ugi (leg. Nr 12211 z 8.12.1951)\n Medal za Warszaw\u0119 1939\u20131945 (leg. Nr 071882 z 12.04.1946)\n Medal za Odr\u0119, Nys\u0119, Ba\u0142tyk (leg. Nr 032618 z 12.04.1946)\n Medal Zwyci\u0119stwa i Wolno\u015bci 1945 (leg. Nr 215780 z 9.05.1946)\n Medal Rod\u0142a (leg. Nr 101-87-2 z 18.11.1987)\n Medal \u201eZa udzia\u0142 w walkach o Berlin\u201d (leg. Nr 17572 z 9.05.1969)\n Odznaka Grunwaldzka (leg. Nr 019300 z 28.06.1946)\n Odznaka Gryfa Pomorskiego (leg. Nr 2514 z 4.07.1967)\n Z\u0142ota Odznaka Honorowa Zwi\u0105zku Inwalid\u00f3w Wojennych RP (leg. Nr 0001370 z 7.05.2001)\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia \n \n\nLudzie zwi\u0105zani ze Stargardem\nLudzie urodzeni w Komarnie\nOdznaczeni Krzy\u017cem Kawalerskim Orderu Odrodzenia Polski (Polska Ludowa)\nOdznaczeni Krzy\u017cem Walecznych (Polska Ludowa)\nOdznaczeni Medalem Rod\u0142a\nOdznaczeni Medalem za Odr\u0119, Nys\u0119, Ba\u0142tyk\nOdznaczeni Medalem \u201eZa udzia\u0142 w walkach o Berlin\u201d\nOdznaczeni Medalem za Warszaw\u0119 1939\u20131945\nOdznaczeni Medalem Zwyci\u0119stwa i Wolno\u015bci 1945\nOdznaczeni Odznak\u0105 Grunwaldzk\u0105\nOdznaczeni Srebrnym Krzy\u017cem Zas\u0142ugi (Polska Ludowa)\nPu\u0142kownicy Si\u0142 Zbrojnych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej\nUczestnicy bitwy o Lw\u00f3w (1920)\nUczestnicy bitwy pod Lenino (1943)\nUczestnicy forsowania Nysy \u0141u\u017cyckiej (1945)\nUczestnicy walk o Prag\u0119 (1944)\nUczestnicy wyprawy kijowskiej (1920)\nUrodzeni w 1925\n\u017bo\u0142nierze ludowego Wojska Polskiego \u2013 uczestnicy walk na froncie wschodnim\nOdznaczeni Odznak\u0105 Honorow\u0105 Gryfa Pomorskiego\nOficerowie 1 Praskiego Pu\u0142ku Piechoty\n\u017bo\u0142nierze 1 Warszawskiego Pu\u0142ku Czo\u0142g\u00f3w", "meta": {"title": "Eugeniusz Ankutowicz", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugeniusz%20Ankutowicz", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Clube Desportivo da Hu\u00edla, conhecido tamb\u00e9m como Desportivo da Hu\u00edla, ou simplesmente C.D.H, \u00e9 um clube multidesportivo de Lubango, capital da Hu\u00edla, em Angola. As cores do clube s\u00e3o vermelho e preto. A equipa tem como mando de campo o Est\u00e1dio Nacional da Tundavala, com capacidade para 20 mil adeptos/torcedores.\n\nHist\u00f3ria \nFoi fundado a 7 de Mar\u00e7o de 1998 como resultado da vontade de um grupo de pessoas interessadas no desenvolvimento do desporto, recrea\u00e7\u00e3o e cultura na prov\u00edncia, liderado pelo general Francisco Furtado, primeiro presidente e fundador do clube.\n\nO clube possui os departamentos de futebol, basquetebol, atletismo, andebol e t\u00e9nis de mesa.\n\nT\u00edtulos \n  Gira Angola: 2004\n  Campeonato Provincial da Hu\u00edla: 2001 e 2004\n\nPlantel actual \nAtualizado at\u00e9 30 de Janeiro de 2016.\n\n Legenda\n : Capit\u00e3o\n : Jogador suspenso\n : Jogador lesionado\n\nClube Desportivo da Hu\u00edla\nClubes de futebol fundados em 1998\nLubango", "meta": {"title": "Clube Desportivo da Hu\u00edla", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clube%20Desportivo%20da%20Hu%C3%ADla", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Men's 4\u00d7200 Freestyle Relay event at the 10th FINA World Aquatics Championships swam on July 23, 2003. Preliminary heats swam in the morning session that day, with the top eight teams advancing to swim again in the Final that evening.\n\nAt the start of the event, the existing World (WR) and Championship (CR) records were both:\nWR and CR: 7:04.66 swum by Australia on July 27, 2001 in Fukuoka, Japan\n\nResults\n\nFinal\n\nPreliminaries\n\nReferences\n\nSwimming at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships", "meta": {"title": "Swimming at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships \u2013 Men's 4 \u00d7 200 metre freestyle relay", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%202003%20World%20Aquatics%20Championships%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%204%20%C3%97%20200%20metre%20freestyle%20relay", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Desa Sesela \u00e4r en administrativ by i Indonesien.   Den ligger i provinsen Nusa Tenggara Barat, i den sydv\u00e4stra delen av landet,  km \u00f6ster om huvudstaden Jakarta. Desa Sesela ligger p\u00e5 \u00f6n Lombok Island.\n\nSavannklimat r\u00e5der i trakten. \u00c5rsmedeltemperaturen i trakten \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C. Den varmaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r april, d\u00e5 medeltemperaturen \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C, och den kallaste \u00e4r januari, med \u00a0\u00b0C. Genomsnittlig \u00e5rsnederb\u00f6rd \u00e4r  millimeter. Den regnigaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r januari, med i genomsnitt  mm nederb\u00f6rd, och den torraste \u00e4r augusti, med  mm nederb\u00f6rd.\n\nKommentarer\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nIndelningar i Nusa Tenggara Barat", "meta": {"title": "Desa Sesela", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desa%20Sesela", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Opilo mollis \u00e4r en skalbaggsart som f\u00f6rst beskrevs av Carl von Linn\u00e9 1758.  Opilo mollis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Opilo, och familjen brokbaggar. Enligt den svenska r\u00f6dlistan \u00e4r arten n\u00e4ra hotad i Sverige. Arten f\u00f6rekommer i G\u00f6taland, Gotland, \u00d6land och Svealand. Arten har tidigare f\u00f6rekommit i Nedre Norrland men \u00e4r numera lokalt utd\u00f6d. Artens livsmilj\u00f6 \u00e4r skogslandskap, jordbrukslandskap.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\n Artfaktablad f\u00f6r Opilo mollis\n\nBrokbaggar\nmollis", "meta": {"title": "Opilo mollis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opilo%20mollis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Steinmetzhar flere betydninger:\n\n Hugh Steinmetz \u2013 dansk trompetist og komponist.\n Jesper Steinmetz \u2013 tidligere dansk studiev\u00e6rt og korrespondent", "meta": {"title": "Steinmetz", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinmetz", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rhynchocypris lagowskii \u00e4r en fiskart som f\u00f6rst beskrevs av Dybowski, 1869.  Rhynchocypris lagowskii ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Rhynchocypris och familjen karpfiskar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\nKarpfiskar\nlagowskii", "meta": {"title": "Rhynchocypris lagowskii", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhynchocypris%20lagowskii", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0419\u0451\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0435\u043d (; \u0440\u043e\u0434. 3 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1961)\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044e \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u041b\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d \u0422\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u0418\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0442\u044b\u00bb (1998), \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f. \u0417\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044e \u00ab\u0411\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u044c\u00bb. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0419\u0451\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0435\u043d \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u00ab\u041d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440: \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438\u00bb.\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n 1992\u00a0\u2014 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0446\u0446\u0430 / Russian Pizza Blues\n 1992\u00a0\u2014 \u041c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u044e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0412\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438 / My Cousin Vinny\n 1998\u00a0\u2014 \u0418\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0442\u044b / Idioterne\n 2001\u00a0\u2014 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0442 / Send mere slik\n 2003\u00a0\u2014 \u0417\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 / De gr\u00f8nne slagtere\n 2005\u00a0\u2014 \u041e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a / Anklaget\n 2005\u00a0\u2014 \u0422\u0451\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 / Voksne mennesker\n 2006\u00a0\u2014 \u041d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440: \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438 / Der var engang en dreng\n 2007\u00a0\u2014 \u042f \u0438 \u0427\u0435 / Mig & Che\n 2007\u00a0\u2014 \u042d\u0440\u0438\u043a \u041d\u0438\u0446\u0448\u0435 / De unge \u00e5r: Erik Nietzsche sagaen del 1\n 2008\u00a0\u2014 \u0423\u0436\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432 / Frygtelig lykkelig\n 2010\u00a0\u2014 \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c / H\u00e6vnen\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0419\u0451\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0435\u043d, \u0411\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u044c", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%91%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%2C%20%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ha recitato nel film The Last Song con Miley Cyrus, e ha ottenuto il suo primo ruolo da protagonista come Dalia Royce in Suburgatory. Dal 2015, interpreta Darlene nella serie televisiva USA Network Mr. Robot.\n\nFilmografia\n\nCinema \n The Consultants, regia di Dave Fraunces (2009)\n The Last Song, regia di Julie Anne Robinson (2010)\n Escapee, regia di Campion Murphy (2011)\n My Uncle Rafael, regia di Marc Fusco (2012)\n In a World... - Ascolta la mia voce (In a World...), regia di Lake Bell (2013)\n Bad Blood, regia di Adam Silver (2015)\n Zoe ci prova (Social Animals), regia di Theresa Bennett (2018)\n Al di l\u00e0 delle apparenze (Last Moment of Clarity), regia di Colin Krisel e James Krisel (2020)\n\nTelevisione \n NTSF:SD:SUV \u2013 serie TV, 1 episodio (2012)\n Harder Than It Looks \u2013 serie TV, 1 episodio (2012)\n Suburgatory \u2013 serie TV, 57 episodi (2011-2014)\n Maron \u2013 serie TV, 1 episodio (2015)\n Mr. Robot \u2013 serie TV, 43 episodi (2015-2019)\n Into the Dark \u2013 serie TV, episodio 1x04 (2018)\n\nDoppiatrici italiane \nNelle versioni in italiano delle opere in cui ha recitato, Carly Chaikin \u00e8 stata doppiata da:\n Alessia Amendola in The Last Song, Suburgatory, Mr. Robot, Zoe ci prova\n Stella Musy in Into the Dark\n Sara Vitagliano in Al di l\u00e0 delle apparenze\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Carly Chaikin", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carly%20Chaikin", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sydlangeland Kommune i Fyns Amt blev dannet ved kommunalreformen i 1970. Ved strukturreformen i 2007 indgik den i Langeland Kommune sammen med Rudk\u00f8bing Kommune og Tranek\u00e6r Kommune.\n\nTidligere kommuner \nSydlangeland Kommune blev dannet inden kommunalreformen ved frivillig sammenl\u00e6gning af 4 sognekommuner:\n\nSogne \nSydlangeland Kommune bestod af f\u00f8lgende sogne, alle fra Langelands S\u00f8nder Herred:\n Fodslette Sogn\n Humble Sogn\n Lindelse Sogn\n Magleby Sogn, som Bagenkop Sogn blev udskilt fra i 2010\n Tryggelev Sogn\n\nBorgmestre\n\nNoter \n\n \n\nKommuner i Danmark (1970-2006)\nLangeland\nLangeland Kommune", "meta": {"title": "Sydlangeland Kommune", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydlangeland%20Kommune", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jameh Jameh () (1954 \u2013 17 October 2013) was a Syrian Armed Forces major general who held the position of head of military intelligence in Deir ez-Zor Governorate. He was killed by rebels on 17 October 2013, during the Syrian Civil War. He was likely shot by a rebel sniper in the Reshdiya neighbourhood of Deir ez-Zour city.\n\nCareer\nJameh was one Syria's senior security officers in Lebanon in the period 1976\u20132005. He has been accused to have a role in the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri in 2005. In 2006, he was blacklisted by the US Treasury Department for his role in supporting \"terrorist groups\" and over the presence in Lebanon.\n\nReferences\n\n1954 births\n2013 deaths\nDate of birth missing\nDeaths by firearm in Syria\nMilitary personnel killed in the Syrian civil war\nPeople from Jableh\nSyrian generals\nSyrian military personnel killed in action", "meta": {"title": "Jameh Jameh", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jameh%20Jameh", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mariona Rebull es una pel\u00edcula espa\u00f1ola de 1947, del g\u00e9nero drama, dirigida por Jos\u00e9 Luis S\u00e1enz de Heredia, quien tambi\u00e9n es el guionista, y protagonizada por Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Seoane, Blanca de Silos y Sara Montiel. \n\nSe trata de una adaptaci\u00f3n de la novela del mismo t\u00edtulo escrita por Ignacio Agust\u00ed. La pel\u00edcula muestra una cr\u00edtica a la alta sociedad de Barcelona de finales del siglo XIX.\n\nSinopsis \nRetrato de la Barcelona de finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX a trav\u00e9s de la vida de la familia Rius y de su f\u00e1brica textil en el barrio del Pueblo Nuevo. Mariona Rebull es una mujer infeliz en su matrimonio que tiene un amante. Esta basada en hechos reales, siendo ambos asesinados el 7 de noviembre de 1893 cuando el anarquista Santiago Salvador lanz\u00f3 una bomba a los palcos del Gran Teatro del Liceo.\n\nReparto \n Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Seoane - Joaqu\u00edn Rius \n Blanca de Silos - Mariona Rebull  \n Sara Montiel - Lula  \n Alberto Romea - Se\u00f1or Llobet \n Tom\u00e1s Blanco - Ernesto Villar  \n Carlos Mu\u00f1oz - Arturo \n Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Lado - Padre de Joaqu\u00edn \n Adolfo Marsillach - Dar\u00edo Rueda \n Fernando Sancho - Se\u00f1or Roig \n Rafael Bardem - Se\u00f1or Llopis  \n Mario Berriat\u00faa - Desiderio  \n Manrique Gil - Se\u00f1or P\u00e0mies  \n Ram\u00f3n Martori - Se\u00f1or Desiderio Rius\n Juanita Mans\u00f3 - Aurora\n C\u00e1ndida Su\u00e1rez\n Rosita Yarza - Mercedes\n Carolina Gim\u00e9nez - Muchacha en El Liceo\n\nPremios \n\nTercera edici\u00f3n de las Medallas del C\u00edrculo de Escritores Cinematogr\u00e1ficos\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos", "meta": {"title": "Mariona Rebull (pel\u00edcula)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariona%20Rebull%20%28pel%C3%ADcula%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Unibet.com war eine belgische Radsportmannschaft, die in der UCI ProTour unter schwedischer Lizenz fuhr.\n\nGeschichte \nDie 2001 gegr\u00fcndete Formation z\u00e4hlte 2005 und 2006 zu den Professional Continental Teams. Bis 2005 war MrBookmaker.com, der Sportwetten im Internet anbietet, der Sponsor. 2005 wurde MrBookmaker.com von der Firma Unibet.com aufgekauft und ab 2006 startet das Team unter neuem Namen mit h\u00f6herem Budget. Es wurden namhafte Fahrer wie Baden Cooke, Marco Zanotti und Carlos Garc\u00eda Quesada verpflichtet.\n\nF\u00fcr die Saison 2007 erhielt das Team vom Radsport-Weltverband UCI eine ProTeam-Lizenz. Doch zu Beginn der Saison hatte das Team mit mehreren Problemen zu k\u00e4mpfen. So durfte das Team in Frankreich beim Eintagesrennen Grand Prix d\u2019Ouverture La Marseillaise und bei mehreren Etappen der \u00c9toile de Bess\u00e8ges nicht mit ihrem Hauptsponsor auf dem Trikot antreten, da Werbung f\u00fcr private Wettanbieter in Frankreich verboten ist. Die Mannschaft trat daraufhin in ihren Trikots mit einem Fragezeichen auf der Brust an.\n\nAu\u00dferdem wurde Unibet.com Opfer im Streit zwischen dem Radsport-Weltverband UCI und den Rennveranstaltern ASO, Unipublic und RCS-Sport. Die Rennveranstalter wehrten sich seit der Gr\u00fcndung der UCI ProTour dagegen, dass ihre wichtigsten Rennen, wie die Tour de France, der Giro d\u2019Italia, die Vuelta a Espa\u00f1a und acht weitere Rennen, im Rahmen der ProTour stattfanden und damit den Regularien der Rennserie unterlagen. Da Unibet.com eine ProTour-Lizenz hatte, war das Team eigentlich automatisch f\u00fcr alle Rennen der ProTour startberechtigt. Aber ASO, Unipublic und RCS-Sport ignorierten die Regularien der UCI ProTour und luden die Teams selbst ein, Unibet.com wurde aber zu keinem Rennen der drei Veranstalter eingeladen, womit die ProTour-Lizenz im Grunde wertlos war.\n\nNach einem Schlichtungsgespr\u00e4ch erkl\u00e4rten sie sich zumindest bereit die Bewerbung von Unibet.com zu pr\u00fcfen. Die ASO, Veranstalter der Tour de France, nannte das Werbeverbot f\u00fcr private Wettanbieter in Frankreich als Hauptgrund daf\u00fcr, dass das Team \u00fcbergangen wurde. Unibet.com trat deshalb in franz\u00f6sischen Rennen unter dem Namen des Co-Sponsors Canyon, einem deutschen Radhersteller an. Gleichwohl erfolgte keine Einladung zu einer der drei gro\u00dfen Landesrundfahrten. Als Folge dieses Konflikts wurde das Team Ende 2007 aufgel\u00f6st, nachdem sich Unibet.com sich aus dem Radsport zur\u00fcckzog. Teammanager Jacques Hanegraaf gr\u00fcndete im Jahr 2008 das Team Cycle Collstrop als Nachfolgeteam.\n\nSaison 2007\n\nErfolge in der ProTour\n\nErfolge in der Europe Tour\n\nMannschaft 2007\n\nPlatzierungen in UCI-Ranglisten \nUCI Europe Tour\n\nUCI Oceania Tour\n\nSiehe auch \n UCI ProTour#Konflikte und Ende\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n \n\nEhemaliges UCI WorldTeam\nEhemaliges UCI ProTeam\nRadsportteam in Belgien\nGegr\u00fcndet 2001\nAufgel\u00f6st 2007", "meta": {"title": "Unibet.com", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibet.com", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Skowroniszki \u2013 dawny folwark. Tereny, na kt\u00f3rych by\u0142 po\u0142o\u017cony, le\u017c\u0105 obecnie na Bia\u0142orusi, w obwodzie witebskim, w rejonie bras\u0142awskim, w sielsowiecie Mie\u017cany.\n\nHistoria \n\nW latach 1921\u20131939 folwark le\u017ca\u0142 w Polsce, w wojew\u00f3dztwie nowogr\u00f3dzkim (od 1926 w wojew\u00f3dztwie wile\u0144skim) w powiecie bras\u0142awskim w gminie Dry\u015bwiaty.\n\nWed\u0142ug Powszechnego Spisu Ludno\u015bci z 1921 roku zamieszkiwa\u0142o tu 10 os\u00f3b, wszystkie by\u0142y wyznania rzymskokatolickiego i zadeklarowa\u0142y polsk\u0105 przynale\u017cno\u015b\u0107 narodow\u0105. By\u0142 tu 1 budynek mieszkalny. W 1938 w 1 domu zamieszkiwa\u0142o 2 osoby.\n\nMiejscowo\u015b\u0107 nale\u017ca\u0142a do parafii rzymskokatolickiej w Dry\u015bwiatach. W 1933 podlega\u0142a pod S\u0105d Grodzki w m. Turmont i Okr\u0119gowy w Wilnie; w\u0142a\u015bciwy urz\u0105d pocztowy mie\u015bci\u0142 si\u0119 w Dry\u015bwiatach.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nRejon bras\u0142awski\nOpuszczone miejscowo\u015bci na Bia\u0142orusi", "meta": {"title": "Skowroniszki (Bia\u0142oru\u015b)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skowroniszki%20%28Bia%C5%82oru%C5%9B%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "R\u00edo Presidente R\u00edos \u00e4r ett vattendrag i Chile.   Det ligger i regionen Regi\u00f3n de Ais\u00e9n, i den s\u00f6dra delen av landet,  km s\u00f6der om huvudstaden Santiago de Chile.\n\nI omgivningen kring R\u00edo Presidente R\u00edos v\u00e4xer i huvudsak blandskog. Omr\u00e5det \u00e4r n\u00e4stan obefolkat, med mindre \u00e4n tv\u00e5 inv\u00e5nare per kvadratkilometer.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nVattendrag i Regi\u00f3n de Ais\u00e9n", "meta": {"title": "R\u00edo Presidente R\u00edos", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo%20Presidente%20R%C3%ADos", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El r\u00edo Om (en ruso \u0420\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u041e\u043c\u044c) es un largo r\u00edo siberiano, un afluente por la margen izquierda del r\u00edo Irtysh. Su curso tiene una longitud de  y drena una cuenca de  (mayor en extensi\u00f3n que Costa Rica (126.\u00ba) Eslovaquia (127.\u00ba)). Desde su fuente a la desembocadura en el \u00c1rtico, a trav\u00e9s del Irtysh y del Obi bajo, sus aguas recorren uno de los grandes cursos que discurren \u00edntegramente por el pa\u00eds (1091+1831+1162=4084 km).\n\nAdministrativamente, el r\u00edo discurre por el \u00f3blast de Omsk y el \u00f3blast de Novosibirsk de la Federaci\u00f3n Rusa.\n\nGeograf\u00eda \n\nEl r\u00edo Om nace en la regi\u00f3n de los pantanos de Vasiug\u00e1n, en el l\u00edmite de los \u00f3blasts de Novossibirsk y Omsk. Discurre en direcci\u00f3n Oeste, desaguando por la derecha en el r\u00edo Irtych (en el km. 1831), en la capital siberiana de Omsk.\nSus principales afluentes son los r\u00edos Icha (\u0418\u0447\u0430) ( de longitud y una cuenca de ), Ougourmanka, Ouzakla, Kama (\u041a\u0430\u043c\u0430) y el m\u00e1s largo de todos, el r\u00edo Tartas (\u0422\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0441) ( de longitud y una cuenca de ).\n\nEl r\u00edo Om ba\u00f1a las localidades de Barabinsk ( en 2007), Kalatchinsk ( en 2008), Kou\u00efbychev ( en 2007) y la capital, Omsk ( en 2008).\n\nAl igual que todos los r\u00edos siberianos, sufre largos per\u00edodos de heladas (seis meses al a\u00f1o, desde finales de octubre-noviembre hasta finales de abril-principios de mayo) y amplias extensiones de suelo permanecen permanentemente congeladas en profundidad (permafrost). Al llegar la \u00e9poca del deshielo, inunda amplias zonas que convierte en terrenos pantanosos.\n\nTributarios \n(km de la boca)\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n (en ruso) Gran Enciclopedia Sovi\u00e9tica.\n (en ingl\u00e9s) R-Arcticnet - Om' presso Kujby\u0161ev.\n\nR\u00edos de la cuenca del Obi\nR\u00edos del \u00f3blast de Omsk\nR\u00edos del \u00f3blast de Novosibirsk", "meta": {"title": "R\u00edo Om", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo%20Om", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0418\u0433\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0411\u0430\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \n\u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u00ab\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0435 \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0411\u0430\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u00bb \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430\n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0418\u0433\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Angot \u00e4r en udde i Antarktis. Den ligger i Sydshetlands\u00f6arna. Argentina, Chile och Storbritannien g\u00f6r anspr\u00e5k p\u00e5 omr\u00e5det.\n\nTerr\u00e4ngen in\u00e5t land \u00e4r lite kuperad. Havet \u00e4r n\u00e4ra Angot s\u00f6derut. Den h\u00f6gsta punkten i n\u00e4rheten \u00e4r  meter \u00f6ver havet,  kilometer norr om Angot. Trakten \u00e4r obefolkad. Det finns inga samh\u00e4llen i n\u00e4rheten.\n\nKommentarer\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nHalv\u00f6ar p\u00e5 Sydshetlands\u00f6arna\nStorbritanniens anspr\u00e5k i Antarktis\nChiles anspr\u00e5k i Antarktis\nArgentinas anspr\u00e5k i Antarktis", "meta": {"title": "Angot", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angot", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0160portska dvorana Gospino polje (, ) is a multi-purpose indoor sports arena located in Dubrovnik, Croatia.\n\nThe arena hosts basketball, including occasional Croatian national team matches and basketball club KK Dubrovnik. It has also hosted international futsal qualifiers.\n\nReferences\n\nIndoor arenas in Croatia\nSports venues completed in 1981\nBuildings and structures in Dubrovnik\nSport in Dubrovnik", "meta": {"title": "\u0160portska dvorana Gospino polje", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0portska%20dvorana%20Gospino%20polje", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kanina telep\u00fcl\u00e9s Csehorsz\u00e1gban, a M\u011bln\u00edki j\u00e1r\u00e1sban.\n\nN\u00e9pess\u00e9g \nA telep\u00fcl\u00e9s lakoss\u00e1g\u00e1nak v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1t az al\u00e1bbi diagram mutatja:\n\nJegyzetek\n\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k \n\nA M\u011bln\u00edki j\u00e1r\u00e1s telep\u00fcl\u00e9sei\nBottal l\u00e9trehozott cseh telep\u00fcl\u00e9s cikkek", "meta": {"title": "Kanina (M\u011bln\u00edki j\u00e1r\u00e1s)", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanina%20%28M%C4%9Bln%C3%ADki%20j%C3%A1r%C3%A1s%29", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Stig-Are Eriksen, n\u00e9 le , est un biathl\u00e8te norv\u00e9gien.\n\nBiographie\nPour sa derni\u00e8re course en Coupe du monde, il monte sur le podium avec ses co\u00e9quipiers du relais (Halvard Hanevold, Egil Gjelland et Sylfest Glimsdal) \u00e0 Antholz. Individuellement, il ne fait mieux que  dans cette comp\u00e9tition.\n\nIl obtient ses principaux succ\u00e8s au niveau national, avec six titres dans des \u00e9preuves collectives entre 1991 et 1999.\n\nPalmar\u00e8s\n\nCoupe du monde \n 1 podium en relais : 1 deuxi\u00e8me place.\n\nChampionnats d'Europe\n M\u00e9daille de bronze du relais en 1997.\n M\u00e9daille d'argent du relais en 1998.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n \n\nBiathl\u00e8te norv\u00e9gien\nNaissance en f\u00e9vrier 1970", "meta": {"title": "Stig-Are Eriksen", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stig-Are%20Eriksen", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Desa Jambuwer \u00e4r en administrativ by i Indonesien.   Den ligger i provinsen Jawa Timur, i den v\u00e4stra delen av landet,  km \u00f6ster om huvudstaden Jakarta.\n\nTropiskt monsunklimat r\u00e5der i trakten. \u00c5rsmedeltemperaturen i trakten \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C. Den varmaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r oktober, d\u00e5 medeltemperaturen \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C, och den kallaste \u00e4r januari, med \u00a0\u00b0C. Genomsnittlig \u00e5rsnederb\u00f6rd \u00e4r  millimeter. Den regnigaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r december, med i genomsnitt  mm nederb\u00f6rd, och den torraste \u00e4r augusti, med  mm nederb\u00f6rd.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nIndelningar i Jawa Timur", "meta": {"title": "Desa Jambuwer", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desa%20Jambuwer", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Max Roeder, auch Max R\u00f6der (* 29. August 1866 in M\u00f6nchengladbach, Rheinprovinz; \u2020 1947 in Rom), war ein deutscher Landschafts- und Architekturmaler sowie Radierer, der den gr\u00f6\u00dften Teil seines Lebens in Rom verbrachte und als einer der letzten Deutschr\u00f6mer gilt.\n\nLeben \n\nRoeder, Sohn eines Kaufmanns, war neben oder nach einer Lehre in der Firma des M\u00f6nchengladbacher Textilfabrikanten Carl Brandts (1833\u20131913) f\u00fcr zwei Jahre Privatsch\u00fcler von Paul Nauen, der in den 1880er Jahren ein Atelier im sogenannten Wunderbau in D\u00fcsseldorf bezogen hatte und dort unterrichtete. Ab Oktober 1888 lebte und arbeitete Roeder in Rom, nachdem er zuvor ab 1886 Italien bereist hatte. Atelier und Wohnung hatte er auf dem Marsfeld in der Via Margutta 51-A, einem von K\u00fcnstlern, Kunsth\u00e4ndlern und Touristen frequentierten Viertel des historischen Stadtkerns Roms.\n\nBis zum Beginn der 1900er Jahre hatte er sich durch seine Malerei, die vor allem in Italien mit dem Schaffen von Arnold B\u00f6cklin in Verbindung gebracht wurde, einen hervorragenden Ruf erarbeitet. 1910 war er erstmals auf der Biennale von Venedig vertreten. Am 20. Juli 1913 wurde er als Nachfolger von Othmar Brioschi zum Mitglied und professore der Accademia di San Luca gew\u00e4hlt. K\u00f6nig Viktor Emanuel III. zeichnete ihn durch Ankauf von Werken aus. W\u00e4hrend des Ersten Weltkriegs war er vor\u00fcbergehend wieder in Deutschland. Nach diesem Krieg erhielt er von der Accademia di San Luca ein Studio in der Via del Babuino 155 zugeteilt. In Rom, wo Roeder Deutschland im Pio Istituto Catel vertrat, wirkte er auch als Lehrer. Einer seiner Sch\u00fcler war Ferruccio Ferrazzi. Neben etwa Sigmund Lipinsky, Adolf Hir\u00e9my-Hirschl, Carlo Alberto Petrucci, Settimio Bocconi, Edoardo Del Neri, Vittorio Grassi, Umberto Prencipe und Dante Ricci trat Roeder als Mitglied der von Federico Hermanin angeregten, 1921 gegr\u00fcndeten Gruppo Romano Incisori Artisti (Gruppe r\u00f6mischer Kunststecher und Radierer) hervor.\n\nRoeder, der wie auch sein engster r\u00f6mischer Freund, der Arch\u00e4ologe Walter Amelung, zeitlebens unverheiratet blieb, gilt als ein Vertreter einer klassischen, koloristisch und impressionistisch gepr\u00e4gten sowie poetisch aufgefassten Landschaftsmalerei. Er verstand es, seinen Landschaften eine heroische, romantische und symbolistische Stimmung zu unterlegen. Bevorzugt schuf er Veduten von Villen Roms und der Albaner Berge. Einige Landschaften komponierte er frei nach italienischen Vorlagen, andere \u2013 etwa eine Ansicht des \u00c4tna von Augusta aus \u2013 malte er getreu nach der Natur. F\u00fcr die Aula des Gymnasiums M\u00f6nchengladbach schuf er bis 1908 Wandgem\u00e4lde, die die Athener Akropolis und das Forum Romanum darstellten. In den 1920er Jahren entwarf Roeder das Chorgest\u00fchl und die Kanzel der deutschen Nationalkirche in Rom, Santa Maria dell\u2019Anima. Sie wurden zwischen 1925 und 1927 dort aufgestellt.\n\nRoeder unternahm Studienreisen innerhalb Italiens und nach Nordafrika. Seine Grabst\u00e4tte findet sich auf dem Campo Santo Teutonico. Das Museum Abteiberg in M\u00f6nchengladbach verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber eine Bronzeb\u00fcste Roeders, die Braco Dimitrijevi\u0107 zugeschrieben wird.\n\nLiteratur \n Max Roeder. In: Renato Mammucari: Roma. Citt\u00e0 dell\u2019Anima. Viaggiatori, Accademie, Letterati, Artisti. Edimond, 2008, ISBN 978-88-500-0367-9, S. 447.\n Monika Thaller: Max Roeder \u2013 der letzte Deutschr\u00f6mer? Studien zu Landschaftsbildern. In: Rheydter Jahrbuch f\u00fcr Geschichte, Kunst und Heimatkunde und Kultur der Stadt M\u00f6nchengladbach, Heft 25, M\u00f6nchengladbach 2000, Kapitel VI.\n Christiane Zangs (Hrsg.): Sehnsucht nach dem S\u00fcden. Lebensbilder eines Landschaftsmalers: Max Roeder (1866\u20131947). Museum Schloss Rheydt, M\u00f6nchengladbach 1997, ISBN 978-3-925256-52-3.\n \n Roeder, Max. In: Hermann Alexander M\u00fcller, Hans Wolfgang Singer (Hrsg.): Allgemeines K\u00fcnstler-Lexikon. Leben und Werke der ber\u00fchmtesten bildenden K\u00fcnstler. Band 6, R\u00fctten & Loening, Frankfurt am Main 1922, S. 237 (Digitalisat).\n Federico Hermanin: Max Roeder. In: Zeitschrift f\u00fcr bildende Kunst. Band 47 (= Neue Folge 23), 1912m,vS. 309.\n\nWeblinks \n\n Max Roeder, Datenblatt im Portal rkd.nl (Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie)\n Max Roeder, Auktionsresultate im Portal artnet.de\n Roeder, Max, Kurzbiografie und Bild der Grabplatte\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nMaler (Rom)\nRadierer (Italien)\nMaler (D\u00fcsseldorfer Malerschule)\nMaler des Symbolismus\nLandschaftsmaler\nVedutenmaler\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1866\nGestorben 1947\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Max Roeder", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max%20Roeder", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lee Kwang-Hyun (born 18 July 1981) is a South Korean football player who currently plays with Penang FA in Malaysia Premier League.\n\nCareer statistics\n\nReferences\n\nKorean FA Cup match result \nifball.com\nLee Kwang-Hyun at footballmalaysia.com\n\n1981 births\nLiving people\nAssociation football defenders\nSouth Korean footballers\nJeonbuk Hyundai Motors players\nGimcheon Sangmu FC players\nDaejeon Hana Citizen FC players\nK League 1 players\nPenang F.C. players\nExpatriate footballers in Malaysia", "meta": {"title": "Lee Kwang-hyun", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20Kwang-hyun", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0422\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0441-\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440(Kulla-Gulla och Tomas Torpare, 1968)\n \u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c (Kulla-Gulla finner sin v\u00e4g, 1968)\n \u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435 (Kulla-Gullas Myrtenkrona, 1951)\n\n\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u00ab\u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u00bb.\n\n\u0418\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u043e \u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0435-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0432 1945\u20141951 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b. \u0412\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0412 1972 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0411\u043b\u044e\u043c\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u044e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438.\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430 1986 \u043d\u0430 Internet Movie Database\n \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043b\u044c-\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0451\u043c  (\u0448\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439)\n\n\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438\n\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438\n\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 XX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430-\u0413\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0430", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Linda Eder (; born February 3, 1961) is an American singer and actress. She made her Broadway debut in the musical Jekyll & Hyde, originating the role of Lucy Harris, for which she was nominated for the Drama Desk Award. Eder has performed in concert halls across the country including Carnegie Hall and Radio City Musical Hall. She has released her 18th solo album in 2018.\n\nBiography\n\nEder was born in Tucson, Arizona, on February 3, 1961, and raised in Brainerd, Minnesota. Her parents,  Georg (from Austria) and Laila (from Norway), exposed her to music at an early age. She cites Judy Garland, Barbra Streisand, and Eileen Farrell as her childhood inspiration. Eder cites Garland, specifically, as her greatest influence. Her first musical theater credit was as the Mother Abbess in a high school production The Sound of Music. Eder was 4th runner up in the 1980 Miss Minnesota Pageant.\n\nBefore her work on Broadway, Eder sang in clubs in Minneapolis and performed at Harrah's Casino in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In 1988 she won the talent show Star Search, where her performance caught the notice of Frank Wildhorn. She signed with RCA Records and starred in two 1991 stagings of Wildhorn's musical Svengali (the 1990 world premiere and 1995\u201396 national tour), the 1997 Broadway production of his Jekyll & Hyde, and the 2003 World Premiere of Camille Claudel. During those years, Eder recorded several CDs on Angel Records and Atlantic Records.  Wildhorn and Eder married in 1998  and divorced in 2004; they have one son, Jake. Eder won the Theater World Award (1996\u201397) for Best Broadway Debut in Jekyll & Hyde.\n\nAfter her first solo concert at New York's famous Carnegie Hall she caught the attention of two talk show hosts who were in the audience that night: Rosie O'Donnell and Kathie Lee Gifford. She subsequently appeared on The Rosie O'Donnell Show and Live with Regis and Kathie Lee and the Late Show with David Letterman. She was invited to Gifford's final performance on Live... and sang the song \"Anything Can Happen\", which was written for the musical Wonderland: Alice's New Musical Adventure,\n\nBroadway\nEder's major theatrical career began in 1987, when she auditioned in Florida in front of musical theater composer Frank Wildhorn for the leading role of Lucy in Jekyll & Hyde. Very impressed with her vocal skills, she was immediately cast, although no production was planned at that time.  Linda has also performed holiday concerts on Broadway at The Palace and Gershwin theaters.\n\nJekyll & Hyde\nIn 1990, the Alley Theatre in Houston agreed to host the world premiere of Jekyll & Hyde, the first musical ever performed there. The show was extended several times, and Eder received raves for her performance. Following this triumph, Wildhorn debuted the musical Svengali, starring his two leading performers from Jekyll: Linda and Chuck Wagner. The musical also eventually played at the Asolo Theatre in Sarasota, Florida in 1991. She then performed with several workshops for The Scarlet Pimpernel, as the leading lady Marguerite St. Just, as well as appearing on the concept recording.\n\nIn 1995, after several workshops with Jekyll & Hyde, she was once again Lucy; Robert Cuccioli and Christiane Noll starred opposite her. The show remounted at the Theatre Under the Stars in Houston, before moving to Seattle's 5th Avenue Theatre. Following these two successful runs, Eder's headlining stint as Lucy traveled across the nation from Fall 1995 until Spring 1996, with a hopeful Broadway mounting in Spring 1996. However, the show was delayed.\n\nFinally beginning previews the following March 1997, new creative team members joined. Along with the transfer came the dismissal of Lucy's first big number, \"Bring on the Men\". Although several rumors have circulated as to why it was cut, Eder has said that it was director/choreographer/scenic designer Robin Phillips who cut the song, which was not only one of her favorite songs, but a fan favorite as well. She has, however, given him some praise, mostly due to the acting coaching he gave her.\n\nIn 1997, she was nominated for the Drama Desk Award and Outer Critics Circle Award and won the Theatre World Award for her debut performance. Television personalities such as Regis Philbin and Rosie O'Donnell considered Eder robbed of a Tony Award nomination, both of whom had featured her (and Frank Wildhorn and his other musicals) on their respective shows several times. Eder was married to Wildhorn whilst performing on Broadway, and officially left on August 30, 1998. Luba Mason replaced her.  Eder left Jekyll to start a family but agreed to be cast in the limited run of the world premiere of Wildhorn's musical tapestry, The Civil War for its Houston premiere.\n\nEder performed for several workshops and demo recordings for Wildhorn. Most importantly, she did several tracks for his Wonderland: Alice's New Musical Adventure (previously called Alice), which had its world premiere ten years after the first single (\"Anything Can Happen\") was released, Havana (for which she has released the title song and several others), Bonnie & Clyde: A New Musical (which was to recently star Brandi Burkhardt, but now Laura Osnes, having its world premiere in 2009), Dracula, the Musical as Mina, Cyrano de Bergerac - The musical as Roxanne (opposite Douglas Sills in the title role), and finally Camille Claudel, which was written for her, and she was able to perform at two runs.\n\nEder's next musical outing was in Camille Claudel in 2003. She performed the role at the Goodspeed Opera House. Although the show, presented in an entire chamber-style form, received mixed reviews, Eder gained much attention again. In 2004, it was performed at the New York Musical Theatre Festival. However, the show has yet to be produced on a major scale, although several European productions were planned and an eventual Japanese premiere in 2011.\n\nThe Other Side of Me\n\nReleased on September 30, 2008, her CD The Other Side of Me has a pop/country feel. This is a departure from the style she is known for, which is standards and ballads. Her official website has a posting where Eder says \"It took a year and a half to make my new CD, the other side of me, but in reality, it has been a lifetime in the making.\"\n\nShe goes on to say:\n\nNow\nAt a \"Frank Wildhorn & Friends\" concert in Vienna in 2010, Eder appeared with Wildhorn, and European musical theatre superstars Pia Douwes and Thomas Borchert to celebrate the music of Wildhorn. The two shared a song, \"Living in the Shadows.\" Eder performed several numbers including \"Vienna\", a fitting ending to the concert.  A live audio recording was released of the concert, but a planned DVD release was put on hold.\n\nIn 2011, Eder reunited with former record producer and musical arranger Jeremy Roberts and Wildhorn to work on two pieces. First, on the musical Tears of Heaven, which was produced in South Korea.\n\nAlso in 2011, Eder debuted her first Wildhorn-composed solo album since 2003, entitled Now. The recording received much acclaim and featured the single \"Now\" as well as a blend of pop songs and musical selections, such as \"The Mad Hatter\" (from Wonderland), \"What's Never Been Done Before\" (Camille Claudel), and \"Living in the Shadows\" (Victor/Victoria), which was originally written for Julie Andrews in the Broadway production of that musical.\n\nIn 2013 Eder recorded her 15th solo CD, a holiday themed album called Christmas Where You Are, which features a duet with her son Jake, then 14 years old. She adapted the lyrics to make it a personal and humorous mother and son duet.\n\nShe is becoming increasingly sought after for her successful Master Classes and vocal lessons.\n\nHer concert schedule continues to take her across the country. In 2013 she performed a series of concerts entitled Memory Lane, incorporating key songs from her earliest performing days to the present.\n\nLinda Live - The Live Concert Recording\nOn June 21, 2014, Eder performed a concert at the Arthur Zankel Music Center on the campus of Skidmore College.  This performance was recorded and will become Eder's  15th solo album. The concert was performed to a crowd of nearly 500 people and contained Eder's signature songs which include, \"Someone Like You\" from Jekyll & Hyde, \"Vienna\" and \"Man of La Mancha.\"  Other songs performed that evening were all songs Eder said she performed throughout her career, including \"I'm Not Lisa,\" \"I Dreamed a Dream\" from Les Miserables, \"Fernando\" (by ABBA), \"Don\u2019t Cry for Me Argentina\" from Evita and \"Climb Ev\u2019ry Mountain\" from the only musical Eder said she performed in high school, The Sound of Music.  Linda Live was released on September 9, 2014 and is sold exclusively on Eder's website.\n\nPersonal life  \n\nLinda Eder married Frank Wildhorn on May 3, 1998. They have a son, Jake, born in 1999. They separated in fall 2003 and divorced in 2004.\n\nNotable Theatre Roles\n\nDiscography\n\nSolo albums\n 1989 Vienna (Early UK release of the Linda Eder album)\n 1991 Linda Eder\n 1994 And So Much More\n 1997 It's Time\n 1999 It's No Secret Anymore\n 2000 Christmas Stays the Same\n 2002 Gold\n 2003 Storybook\n 2003 Broadway, My Way\n 2005 By Myself: The Songs of Judy Garland\n 2007 Greatest Hits\n 2008 The Other Side of Me\n 2009 Soundtrack\n 2011 Now\n 2013 Christmas Where You Are\n 2014 Linda Live: The Concert Recording\n 2015 Retro\n 2018 If You See Me\n 2020 Retro-Volume Two\n\nMusical albums\n 1990 Jekyll & Hyde: Romantic Highlights (Concept Album) - Lucy Harris & Lisa Carew\n 1992 The Scarlet Pimpernel (Concept Recording) - Marguerite St. Just\n 1995 Jekyll & Hyde: The Complete Work (Concept Album) - Lucy Harris\n 1997 Jekyll & Hyde - The Musical: Original Broadway Cast - Lucy Harris\n 1998 The Scarlet Pimpernel: Encore! (Second Broadway Cast) - Marguerite St. Just (\"Only Love\", \"You Are My Home\")\n 1998 The Civil War: An American Musical (Concept Album)\n 1998 The Civil War: The Nashville Sessions\n 2003 Camille Claudel: A New Musical (Studio Demo Recording)* - Camille Claudel\n 2004 Cyrano de Bergerac ~ The Musical (Concept Album)* - Roxanne\n 2005 Peter Pan (Leonard Bernstein) World Premiere Recording of the complete Bernstein score - Wendy\n 2010 Halleluiah Broadway - Herself (\"What I Did For Love\" (from A Chorus Line), \"Electricity\" (from Billy Elliot))\n 2011 Tears of Heaven (Concept Album)\n\n*- Although planned, final outcome was that it was not to be released.\n\nSingles\n\"A Little Bit of Heaven\"\n\"Something To Believe In\"\n\"Vienna\"\n\"Never Dance\"\n\"The Christmas Song\"\n\"Bells of St. Paul\" (Christmas)\n\"Gold\" (From Camille Claudel)\n\"I Am What I Am\" (From La Cage Aux Folles)\n\"Lifted\"\n\"The Other Side Of Me\"\n\nVideo albums\n 1999 In Concert  (Aired on PBS) \n 2001 Christmas Stays The Same  (Aired on Bravo) \n 2018 The Other Side: An Inside Look At My Life With Out The Audience\n\nAwards\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n The Official Linda Eder Site\n\n1961 births\nLiving people\nAmerican women pop singers\nAmerican people of Norwegian descent\nPeople from Brainerd, Minnesota\nAmerican people of Austrian descent\nAmerican musical theatre actresses\nActresses from Minnesota\nSingers from Minnesota\n20th-century American actresses\n21st-century American actresses\n20th-century American singers\n21st-century American singers\n20th-century American women singers\n21st-century American women singers\nTheatre World Award winners", "meta": {"title": "Linda Eder", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda%20Eder", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "General elections were held in South Africa on 7 May 2014, to elect a new National Assembly and new provincial legislatures in each province. It was the fifth election held in South Africa under conditions of universal adult suffrage since the end of the apartheid era in 1994, and also the first held since the death of Nelson Mandela. It was also the first time that South African expatriates were allowed to vote in a South African national election.\n\nThe National Assembly election was won by the African National Congress (ANC), but with a reduced majority of 62.1%, down from 65.9% in the 2009 election. The official opposition Democratic Alliance (DA) increased its share of the vote from 16.7% to 22.2%, while the newly formed Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) obtained 6.4% of the vote.\n\nEight of the nine provincial legislatures were won by the ANC. The EFF obtained over 10% of the vote in Gauteng, Limpopo and North West, and beat the DA to second place in the last two. In the other six provinces won by the ANC, the DA obtained second place. This included KwaZulu-Natal, where the DA for the first time beat the Inkatha Freedom Party to second place. In the Western Cape, the only province not won by the ANC, the DA increased its majority from 51.5% to 59.4%.\n\nElectoral system\nSouth Africa has a parliamentary system of government; the National Assembly consists of 400 members elected by proportional representation with a closed list approach. Two hundred members are elected from national party lists; the other 200 are elected from provincial party lists in each of the nine provinces. The President of South Africa was chosen by the National Assembly after the election.\n\nThe provincial legislatures, which vary in size from 30 to 80 members, are also elected by proportional representation with closed lists. The premiers of each province will be chosen by the winning majority in each provincial legislature.\n\nThe National Council of Provinces (NCOP) consists of 90 members, ten elected by each provincial legislature. The NCOP members will be elected by the provincial legislatures in proportion to the party makeup of the legislatures.\n\nChanges to electoral legislation \nOn 26 November 2013 the Electoral Amendment Act, 2013, came into force. It allows South African citizens resident outside South Africa to register and vote in the election of the National Assembly.\n\nA new regulation added in 2013 that was enforced for the first time on 7 May 2014 is the prohibition of photographing marked ballot papers, which aims to inhibit voter intimidation.\n\nPolitical parties\n\nThe governing African National Congress (ANC), supported by its Tripartite Alliance with the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the South African Communist Party (SACP), have held a majority of the seats in the National Assembly since 1994. They were re-elected with increasing majorities in 1999 and 2004, and with a slight fall in its majority from 69% to 65.9% in 2009. The ANC is led by Jacob Zuma. In 2012, Zuma was re-elected to a second five-year term as President of the African National Congress, beating his only rival and deputy, Kgalema Motlanthe, by a wide margin. Cyril Ramaphosa was elected as Deputy President of the ANC, succeeding Motlanthe who had declined a second term after losing to Zuma.\n\nThe official opposition Democratic Alliance (DA) received 16.7% of the vote in 2009, up from 12.4% in 2004. The DA is led by Helen Zille, who was re-elected unopposed as Leader of the Democratic Alliance at the party's Federal Congress in Gauteng in 2012, while Lindiwe Mazibuko continued as Leader of the Opposition in Parliament. At provincial level, the DA has been in power in the Western Cape province since 2009, and came to power in several Western Cape municipalities in the 2011 municipal election. Traditionally, the DA was seen as a party rallying against apartheid laws, especially in the 1980s. However, one of its larger following bases are the whites in the south, especially after it absorbed the New National Party in 2001 (although NNP was disbanded in 2004).\n\nCongress of the People (COPE), is led by Mosiuoa Lekota, although the leadership is disputed by Mbhazima Shilowa who continues to battle for recognition in the High Court. The party has been riven by infighting, causing it to lose much of its support and resulting in the formation of a splinter group, the United Congress. COPE won three seats in the National Assembly in the 2014 elections.\n\nMangosuthu Buthelezi remains leader of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) despite a challenge by former IFP chairperson Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi, who formed the National Freedom Party (NFP) after her feud with Buthelezi. The NFP and IFP split the vote in the Zulu-dominated KwaZulu-Natal province in the previous local government elections, each getting an even share of the vote, while the ANC continued to dominate the former IFP stronghold.\n\nThe Electoral Commission of South Africa (IEC) announced on 17 March that a record number of 33 parties had registered candidates for the national parliamentary election. In the provincial legislature elections the number of parties registering candidates, including four parties which had not yet paid the required deposits subject to a 24 March deadline, were:\nWestern Cape \u2013 26\nGauteng \u2013 22\nLimpopo \u2013 20\nEastern Cape \u2013 18\nKwaZulu-Natal \u2013 18\nFree State \u2013 17\nMpumalanga \u2013 16\nNorthern Cape \u2013 16\nNorth West \u2013 16\n\nThe electoral code of conduct was signed in Midrand, Gauteng on 19 March 2014. At the signing event, a draw was held in which the Freedom Front Plus won the right to appear at the top of the ballot paper.\n\nNew parties\nSeveral parties contested the election for the first time and gained seats nationally and provincially:\n\nExpelled former ANC Youth League leader Julius Malema launched the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), taking a strong anti-ANC position within its ultra-left economic platform, such as calling for the expropriation of land without compensation and the nationalisation of South Africa's mines and the South African Reserve Bank. EFF won 25 seats in the assembly in the 2014 elections, taking the lead over older parties including COPE, FF+, and UDM.\nThe National Freedom Party (NFP) was formed by former IFP chairperson Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi.\nThe African Independent Congress contested the election nationally for the first time.\nAgang South Africa was formed by anti-apartheid movement leader Mamphela Ramphele in 2013.\n\nOther new parties were formed but did not obtain seats nationally:\n\nThe Ubuntu Party is a South African political party founded by Michael Tellinger based on his principles of Ubuntu Contributionism. The party aims to introduce 100% employment by closing down the South African Reserve Bank and replacing it with a People's Bank that will grant interest-free home loans, fund massive public works campaign, and provide free electricity as Eskom is owned by the people of South Africa.\nThe Workers and Socialist Party (WASP) was launched on Human Rights Day 2013 by leaders of the independent mineworkers' strike committees that led the strikes in the mining industry in 2012, before and after the Marikana massacre, and the Democratic Socialist Movement (DSM).\nAs a result of the infighting in COPE, the United Congress splinter group was formed, led by Mluleki George.\nThe new right-wing Front National (FN) party formed in December 2013 promotes separatism and Afrikaner self-determination. Hannes Engelbrecht is their leader and Dan Roodt is their deputy leader and spokesperson.\nThe Patriotic Alliance was formed in 2013 by South African businessman, Kenny Kunene, and Kunene's former jail-mate, Gayton Mckenzie.\n\nAlliances and defections\nThe Independent Democrats party, which won four seats and 0.9% of the national vote in 2009, merged with the Democratic Alliance before the 2014 general election.\n\nOn 17 December 2013, the South African Press Association reported that five opposition parties, namely COPE, the IFP, the African Christian Democratic Party, the United Christian Democratic Party and the Freedom Front Plus, had formed a coalition with 20 specific priorities. The parties in the coalition, named the Collective for Democracy (CD) and chaired by COPE leader Mosiuoa Lekota, will retain their own identity and contest the election individually. The IFP denied being part of the coalition, saying they were wary of forming such alliances given the confusion it had caused for their supporters in previous elections. Three days later, the 20th, COSATU's largest affiliate National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (NUMSA) announced that they would not endorse the ANC or any other political party in 2014. NUMSA planned to establish a new working class collective along the lines of the defunct United Democratic Front, with the ultimate goal of forming a socialist party that will contest the 2019 general election. An opposing COSATU faction has obtained a legal opinion on removing NUMSA from COSATU, with significant implications for the country's labour and political landscape.\n\nOn 28 January 2014, the DA announced that Mamphela Ramphele had accepted an invitation to stand as its presidential candidate in the 2014 general election, and the DA and Agang South Africa were set to merge. On the 31st, Ramphele stated that she would not take up DA party membership and would remain the leader of Agang South Africa, resulting in confusion. On 2 February, Helen Zille stated that Ramphele had reneged on her agreement to stand as the DA's presidential candidate. Ramphele subsequently apologised for the reversal of her decision, saying that the timing was not right as the reaction to it had shown people were unable to overcome race-based party politics.\n\nOn 6 February, it was reported that COPE members who support Mbhazima Shilowa's planned to join the United Democratic Movement led by Bantu Holomisa which won four seats in the 2009 election. On 10 March, it was reported that COPE MP Nqaba Bhangu had joined the DA as an Eastern Cape parliamentary candidate, and three COPE MPs, namely Julie Kilian, Leonard Ramatlakane and Nick Koornhof were included on the ANC's list of national parliamentary candidates published on the 11th. On 28 April, it was reported that over 20 COPE MPs had defected to the ANC citing \"poor political leadership\". The only COPE member in the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature, Lucky Gabela, subsequently also defected to the ANC citing internal conflict.\n\nOn 11 March, Al Jama-ah and the Africa Muslim Party announced they would campaign together under the Al Jama-ah Community Party banner. The next day, it was reported that DA MP Beverley Abrahams had joined the ANC. On the 17th, Economic Freedom Fighters announced agreement to establish working relations with the Socialist Party of Azania (SOPA) and Black Consciousness Party (BCP), who would not independently stand for elections, but their candidates would be part of the EFF election 2014 candidates list as EFF members. EFF also had members of South Africa First (SAF) in the list who hold dual membership. Although SAF had not agreed to them being on the EFF list, its leadership collective endorsed the lists.\n\nOn the 20th, it was reported that DA MPs Lourie Bosman, Niekie van den Berg and Theo Coetzee were joining Freedom Front Plus on the party's national candidates list for the 2014 election. On the 30th, it was reported in the Sunday Times that DA MP Mpowele Swathe had joined the United Christian Democratic Party (UCDP) after his name appeared on election candidate lists for both parties.\n\nEndorsements\nOn 2 May 2014, the Mail & Guardian newspaper \"urged readers to oppose the ANC\" for the first time, to dilute the ruling party's \"overweening political power\". The editorial cited the support of Cabinet ministers for the controversial proposed \"secrecy law\" and the ANC's \"cynical response to the Nkandla scandal\" among its reasons. A Financial Mail editorial published on the same day, cited unemployment and changes in the government's administration and policies which impacted business negatively. It stated \"the ANC does not get our endorsement this time\" and \"our vote goes to the DA\". An editorial published in The Economist the following day, cited unemployment and an increase in corruption under Zuma's leadership in particular and stated that the ANC and Zuma \"no longer deserve to rule\" and \"The DA deserves to be endorsed.\" Also on the 2nd, Abahlali baseMjondolo, a social movement representing shack dwellers which previously supported the No Land! No House! No Vote! election boycott campaign, announced its provincial endorsement of the DA in KwaZulu-Natal for the election as a tactical vote against the ANC.\n\nVoter registration\n\nLocal voters\nOn the weekends of 9\u201310 November 2013 and 8\u20139 February 2014 all voting stations were opened for new voters to register and for those who moved residence to re-register in their new voting district. The presidency of South Africa urged voters who had missed the voting station registration weekends to register at an IEC office during office hours. Presidential spokesperson, Mac Maharaj, said that voters were allowed to register to vote until the election date is published in a government gazette, after which the voters' roll is closed. Approximately 5.5 million people in total visited voting stations, including between 1 and 2 million new voters. This increased the number of registered voters to 25.3 million, representing 80.5% of the 31.4 million people eligible to vote in the country. South Africans who were born after the 1994 general election, known as the born-free generation, and are aged 18 or older were eligible to vote for the first time.\n\nInternational voters\nSouth Africans living abroad could register to vote at any South African Embassy, High Commission or Consulate-General from 9 January 2014 to 7 February 2014. South Africans living abroad who wished to vote had to notify the IEC of their intention to vote by 12 March 2014. The weekends of 18\u201319 January and 25\u201326 January were made registration weekends to accommodate voters who were unable to register during business hours. Over 26,000 voters were registered to vote abroad by the time of the election.\n\nA total of 26,701 voters were registered to vote abroad, with the highest numbers of voters being registered to vote in London (9,863), Dubai (1,539) and Canberra (1,243) with other stations totalling 14,056 registered voters.\n\nOpinion polling\n\nNational ballot\n\nAccording to an internal poll conducted by the DA with American pollster Stan Greenberg in March\u2013April 2014, the ANC would get 59% of the vote, the DA 26% and the EFF 8%.\n\nIn an Ipsos survey of 1,000 registered ANC members conducted for the Sunday Times in December 2013, 55% of respondents said they will vote for the ANC again, 5% said they will vote for the DA, 6% said they will vote for other parties, and the remaining 34% said they did not know or preferred not to answer.\n\nAccording to the results of an Ipsos Pulse of the People survey published in February 2014, the DA is the most multi-racial party while the ANC has 96% black supporters and the EFF has 99% black supporters, relative to 76% black survey respondents. The age profile of ANC supporters closely resembles the age profile of voters, while DA supporters are slightly older overall and EFF supporters are significantly younger overall.\n\nAfrica Check, a non-profit organisation that checks facts in claims made about Africa, and the Centre for the Study of Democracy have criticised polls by market research companies as unscientific. Africa Check warned that some polls are intentionally misleading and some are essentially conjecture.\n\nProvincial ballot\nThe Ipsos Pulse of the People survey undertaken in October and November 2013 showed that a number of provinces would be closely contested. The ANC will continue to dominate in the Eastern Cape, Limpopo, North West, Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal and Free State. The DA will keep the Western Cape while control of the Northern Cape and Gauteng will be contested between the ANC and DA, with other parties holding the balance of power, so coalitions may be decisive. In Limpopo and North West the EFF could become the official opposition.\n\nThe Ipsos/Sunday Times survey undertaken in February and March 2014 showed that the ANC enjoyed majority support in all provinces except the Western Cape, where the DA retains majority support. DA support followed that of the ANC in all other provinces except for the North West, where the EFF came in second place.\n\nCampaign\n\nDebates\nThe South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) broadcast weekly election debates from February to May 2014. They were broadcast between 6pm and 7pm on SABC 1 and streamed live on the SABC's YouTube channel.\n\nThe following debates took place:\n\nControversies\nIn January 2014, Helen Zille announced that the DA would be marching to Luthuli House, the ANC's headquarters, saying, \"We are taking the fight to Luthuli House to highlight the failure of (President) Jacob Zuma's ANC to cut corruption and create jobs\". Zille said that 6000 people would be marching, each one representing 1000 South Africans who would benefit from the 6 million jobs that the DA promised to create if it came to power. The planned date of the march was 4 February 2014, but this was later changed to the 12th due to logistical problems. The Johannesburg Metro Police Department (JMPD) initially denied the DA's application to march but the decision was overturned on 3 February 2014 when the DA took the matter to the Johannesburg High Court. On the 11th, it was reported that the JMPD had set the march perimeters to prevent the DA from marching to Luthuli House. JMPD spokesperson, Chief Superintendent Wayne Minnaar said, \"The protest march by the DA... has been prohibited on the grounds that there would be a security risk to protesters.\" The DA announced that the march would now end at Beyers Naude Square. On the day of the march, an application to stop the DA march filed by the ANC to the South Gauteng High Court was dismissed.\n\nThe march ended early after the DA was confronted by ANC supporters 40 minutes into the march. Stones and petrol bombs were thrown by ANC supporters at police trying to calm the situation.\n \n\nOn 13 March, violence erupted in the Bekkersdal township in Gauteng, the scene of violent service delivery protests in 2013. Residents staged a protest over a planned ANC campaign in the area, barricading the streets with rocks and burning tyres and pelting ANC officials and police vehicles with stones. Police responded to the volatile situation by firing rubber bullets at residents.\n\nShortly after Public Protector Thuli Madonsela's final report on security upgrades to President Jacob Zuma's private residence at Nkandla was published on 19 March, the DA sent a bulk text message to Gauteng voters which reads: \"The Nkandla report shows how Zuma stole your money to build his R246m home. Vote DA on 7 May to beat corruption. Together for change.\" The ANC submitted an urgent application to the South Gauteng High Court to stop distribution of the text message on the grounds that it violated the Electoral Act. On 4 April, the court ruled that the wording of the message was fair comment and dismissed the ANC's application with costs. The ANC was granted leave to appeal the decision. On 6 May, the Electoral Court ruled that the DA must retract the text message, finding that it wrongly targeted Zuma personally instead of the systematic failures highlighted in Madonsela's report. The court case was ultimately won by the DA when the Constitutional Court set aside the Electoral Court ruling on 19 January 2015.\n\nOn 5 April, a marquee, a stage, a sound system and chairs set up for an EFF rally in Thokoza were petrol bombed in the early hours of the morning. EFF spokesperson, Mbuyiseni Mdlozi said that the EFF suspected ANC members were responsible for the sabotage. ANC spokesperson Jackson Mthembu denied the allegations, saying \"We don't do such things.\"\n\nThe following day, the DA accused the ANC of abusing state resources after the South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) was seen giving out blankets and toiletries at an ANC rally in Parys. ANC spokesperson Khusela Sangoni-Khawe denied the accusation, saying that the ANC did not know SASSA would be at the rally.\n \nFour days later, the DA submitted a complaint to the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA) about censorship by the public broadcaster after the SABC informed the DA it would not continue broadcasting a DA television advert titled \"ANC Ayisafani\", meaning \"the ANC's not the same\", and five DA radio adverts aired on 8 and 9 April 2014. According to the DA's Mmusi Maimane, who appears in the television advert, the SABC banned all DA adverts from 11 public radio stations as well as the television advert. ICASA announced that it would hold public hearings on the matter on Thursday the 17th, 6 days after the DA lodged their complaint. Following the DA's announcement that it would submit an urgent application to the South Gauteng High Court requesting a ruling on the adverts before the long Easter weekend commencing Good Friday, the day after ICASA's proposed public hearing date, the ICASA hearings commenced 2 days earlier than originally scheduled. On the day after the hearing, the ban was lifted temporarily as the SABC had failed to provide reasons for the ban during the ICASA hearings and requested more time to prepare a response. The DA also objected to the SABC not allowing the national official opposition party to participate in a televised election debate on land reform on SABC in the first 2 weeks of April. On 25 April, ICASA upheld the SABC's ban on the television advert finding that it contravened ICASA's regulations on party election broadcasts. ICASA ordered that a photograph taken by The Citizen photographer Alaister Russell of a police officer firing rubber bullets at unarmed residents during the March 2014 Bekkersdal protest be removed from the advert as \"the police should not be seen as a threat to the community\". In the advert, Maimane says \"We've seen a police force killing our own people\" while the photograph is shown on the screen. The South African Police Service had earlier submitted a complaint to ICASA that this footage would incite violence against police officers.\n\nOn 15 April 2014, a protest campaign against corruption with the slogan \"Vukani! Sidikwe! (Wake up! We are Fed up!) Vote No\", supported by over 100 ANC veterans, was launched by former government ministers Ronnie Kasrils and Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge. The IEC has requested a legal opinion on whether the campaign contravenes the Electoral Act. The campaign urges ANC supporters to either spoil their votes or vote for a smaller party. Archbishop Emeritus Desmond Tutu welcomed the campaign, and human rights activist and cleric Barney Pityana describes it as \"a campaign to bring rationality, order, morality and decency back into our electoral system\" in a Mail & Guardian opinion piece.\n\nOn the same day, United Democratic Movement leader Bantu Holomisa announced that lawyers acting on behalf of several opposition parties concerned about the credibility of the general election would approach the Electoral Court following the IEC chairperson Pansy Tlakula's refusal to agree to their call for her resignation. Public Protector Thuli Madonsela found Tlakula had been involved in building procurement irregularities in a report published in August 2013, and a subsequent National Treasury review published in March 2014 supported her findings. Five days before the election, the Electoral Court postponed the inquiry into her conduct until 2 June 2014, as it would not be able to rule on the matter before the 7 May election date. On 18 June, the Electoral Court recommended Tlakula's removal from office due to financial misconduct. Tlakula resigned as IEC chairperson on 1 September after an unsuccessful application to the Constitutional Court for leave to appeal the Electoral Court ruling.\n\nOn 22 April, the EFF also lodged a complaint with ICASA after the SABC banned an EFF election campaign television advert titled \"Now is the time for economic freedom\" that was due to be aired on 2 occasions, 2 days before the complaint was lodged and on the day the complaint was lodged. Four days after the complaint was lodged, ICASA upheld the SABC's ban on the advert. ICASA found that wording in the advert about physically destroying contentious e-tolls in Gauteng could incite violence and therefore contravened ICASA's regulations on party election broadcasts. The EFF advert had also highlighted police brutality, using interviews and photographs related to the Marikana massacre and the same photograph of the March 2014 Bekkersdal protest that ICASA ordered removed from the DA advert.\n\nNine days before the election, a Parliamentary committee set up to consider Zuma's response to Madonsela's final Nkandla report was referred to the next Parliament to be formed after the election, citing insufficient time available before the 7 May election date.\n\nTwo days before the election, Zuma spoke about the Nkandla scandal at a media briefing, saying it was only an issue with the media and the opposition, \"the bright people ... very clever people\", and not an issue with ANC voters.\n\nOn the day before the election, it was reported that the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (NSPCA) had ambushed election campaign posters by attaching matching NSPCA posters to the bottom of them. NSPCA spokesperson, Christine Kuch said that the NSPCA campaign hoped to get more political parties to include animal rights in their manifestos.\n\nCost \nDue to the secretive nature of political funding in South Africa generally little public information exists on both sources of political funding of South African political parties and the nature of their expenses however the ruling ANC did declare the 2014 elections to be the \"most expensive election\" it had ever fought to date.  According to leaked sources within the ANC the 2014 elections cost the ANC over R429-million.  Some of the ANC's expenses include R118 million on campaign T-shirts, R17-million for the manifesto launch in Mbombela, R83.7-million in advertising (including R27-million for posters and billboards), R21 million for the victory rally, and R67-million on volunteers.\n\nVoting\n\nInternational special votes\nOver 26,000 South Africans registered to participate in the national election in the international voting phase, which took place at 116 international voting stations on 30 April 2014. The last international voting station in Los Angeles closed at 6am SAST on 1 May 2014. All international votes were couriered to South Africa, combined into a single voting district and counted on 7 May 2014.\n\nThe IEC had budgeted R2 million to cover the cost of couriering the ballot papers from overseas.\n\nLocal special votes\nThe local special vote phase of the election took place on 5\u20136 May 2014, accommodating who are physically infirm, disabled or pregnant or were unable to vote at their voting station on the polling day. Former President Thabo Mbeki cast a special vote as he was attending a World Economic Forum meeting in Nigeria on polling day.\n\nVoting day\nVoting took place relatively smoothly at 22,264 voting stations in South Africa. It was reported that 2,449, or 11%, of the voting stations opened later than the scheduled opening time of 7am. All voting stations were operational by 11am. Voting stations closed and counting began at 9pm.\n\nA newly designed braille template was used for the first time in a National election, allowing blind voters to vote independently for the first time. In previous elections, blind voters had to communicate their choice of party to a voting official, who then filled in a ballot sheet on their behalf.\n\nIncidents\nOn voting day 97 people were arrested for election-related offences, primarily voter intimidation. A number of voters ignored the new legislation prohibiting photographs of marked ballot papers, including local celebrity DJ Sbu and footballer Andile Jali.\n\nThe chair of the Independent Electoral Commission, Pansy Tlakula, made it plain that electioneering was forbidden on the day of the election itself. 'No political events can take place on voting day,\u2019 she told reporters. 'Campaigning finished at midnight last night.' In the townships surrounding Cape Town it was evident that this ruling was extensively and openly flouted. As the day drew to a close, cavalcades of cars, with loudspeakers blaring out party songs and supporters waving flags from the windows, could be seen touring up and down the streets. Outside polling stations crowds, some more than a hundred strong, dressed in party colours and waving ANC flags, could be seen dancing less than a metre from the long lines of men and women waiting patiently to cast their votes. When this was drawn to the attention of the police and the representatives of the Electoral Commission at the stations they either shrugged their shoulders or said they did not have the resources to deal with these violations of the regulations.\n\nA voting station in Alexandra, Gauteng was temporarily closed after an argument broke out between ANC and EFF members when the EFF accused the ANC of vote-rigging. The voting station was opened later that afternoon.\n\nAn ANC supporter was fatally shot in KwaZulu-Natal by an IFP supporter near a voting station. Dumisani Nxumalo, a 28-year-old from KwaDukuza was charged with the murder. The Durban Regional Court saw his bail application on 26 June 2014 where it was alleged that the shooting took place while IFP supporters were walking past an ANC tent. The case was set to continue in July.\n\nResults\n\nThe Electoral Commission decided to exclude the votes from one voting station in Tickeyline, near Tzaneen in Limpopo, because staff at the voting station were attacked at the close of voting and the security of the ballot could not be assured. The final results were announced on 10 May.\n\nParliament\n\nNational Assembly\n\nNational Council of Provinces\nThe National Council of Provinces (NCOP) consists of 90 members, ten nominated by each provincial legislature, in proportion to the party membership of the provincial legislature. Each provincial delegation consists of six permanent delegates, who are nominated for a term that lasts until a new provincial legislature is elected, and four special delegates. One of the special delegates is the province's Premier, or another member of the provincial legislature designated by the Premier, while the other three special delegates are designated ad hoc by the provincial legislature.\n\nProvincial legislatures\nIn the provincial results of the election, the ANC won a majority in all the provincial legislatures except for the Western Cape, in which it came second to the DA. The DA came second in all other provinces except for Limpopo and the North West, in which it came third after the EFF.\n\nEastern Cape\n\nFree State\n\nGauteng\n\nKwaZulu-Natal\n\nLimpopo\n\nMpumalanga\n\nNorth West\n\nNorthern Cape\n\nWestern Cape\n\nNotes\n\nReactions\n\nDomestic\n\nPolitical\nAfrican National Congress supporters gathered in Johannesburg to celebrate the party's results. Jacob Zuma dedicated the ANC's victory to Nelson Mandela. The ANC requested an in-depth analysis of election results from its provincial election team in Gauteng. ANC spokesperson Nkenke Kekana said the ANC was concerned about its drop in support in the 2014 elections. Democratic Alliance leader, Helen Zille, published a press release thanking every South African who voted for the DA. She said that voters had responded positively to the DA's campaign, saying, \"We can look back proudly on what was undoubtedly the biggest and best campaign the DA has ever run.\" Economic Freedom Fighters commander-in-chief Julius Malema dedicated the EFF's result to the girls kidnapped in the Chibok schoolgirl kidnapping, saying, \"It looks impossible, but we have proved what looks impossible is possible.\" EFF supporters gathered at Innes Free Park in Sandton to celebrate the results. Inkatha Freedom Party leader Mangosuthu Buthelezi said in a statement that despite low estimations in the Ipsos polls, the IFP managed to retain its fourth-place position in the elections. Buthelezi thanked all South Africans who voted for the IFP and stated that he was proud to serve South Africa. Agang SA: Mamphela Ramphele congratulate all parties and candidates who contested the election. She expressed disappointment at Agang SA's poor performance, but stated that she was proud that her party achieved parliamentary representation despite it only being formed several months prior to the election. African Christian Democratic Party MP Steve Swart expressed disappointment that the ACDP did not grow its share of the vote, but was grateful that they were able to retain their support compared to other parties in the election.\n\nInternational\n\nRecognised states\n\nAfrica \nAngolan President Jos\u00e9 Eduardo dos Santos congratulated President Jacob Zuma and said that the election results reaffirmed the wish of South Africans to maintain the status quo. President of Botswana, Ian Khama said \"We extend our congratulations to President Jacob Zuma and his party the ANC for their re-election.\" Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan congratulated President Zuma and the ANC on their \"resounding victory\", describing it as a well-deserved tribute to Nelson Mandela. President of Seychelles, James Michel congratulated Jacob Zuma on his re-election, saying, \"It is a mark of confidence, in the leadership that you have provided the people of South Africa and the undeniable strong determination and conviction in making South Africa a beacon of hope and success in Africa and in the world.\" He also stated he was proud of the partnership between their two countries and he hoped that they would continue to improve. Swaziland's ambassador to South Africa Senzangakhona Dlamini told President Zuma \"Swaziland agrees that South Africa has a good story to tell as you celebrate 20 years of democracy\". Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe congratulated President Jacob Zuma on the ANC's \"resounding victory\" and commended South Africans for their \"peaceful and exemplary conduct\" during the election.\n\nAmericas \nUnited States Secretary of State, John Kerry, congratulated South Africa on the elections in a press release when the voting had concluded. Once the results had been released, President Barack Obama congratulated Jacob Zuma in a telephone conversation.\n\nEurope \nThe President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko sent a congratulatory message to Zuma congratulating him on his re-election. It read, \"I hope that joint efforts will help us enhance bilateral cooperation for the benefit of the two countries.\" United Kingdom Foreign Secretary William Hague congratulated South Africa for successful elections and stated that the UK would continue to have good relations with South Africa.\n\nMiddle East and Asia \nKing of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa congratulated Zuma on his re-election for a second term of governance. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Hua Chunying, congratulated South Africa on the elections at a press briefing. She said that China had paid great attention to these elections and that \"China will continue to view relations with South Africa as a priority in its foreign policy.\" Indian president, Pranab Mukherjee congratulated Jacob Zuma on his re-election and said that he hoped bilateral relations between India and South Africa would grow from \"strength to strength.\" King Abdullah of Jordan congratulated Zuma and expressed his commitment to improve relations between Jordan and South Africa. Kazakhstan ambassador to South Africa Talgat Kaliyev congratulated President Zuma on \"the successful elections\". President of Nepal, Ram Baran Yadav congratulated Zuma on his re-elections and wished peace and prosperity for South Africans under Zuma's leadership. Sri Lankan president Mahinda Rajapaksa congratulated the ANC on their victory, saying this showed the popularity of \"the party of Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo and others.\"\n\nStates with limited recognition\nBarotseland Administrator General, Afumba Mombotwa congratulated Zuma for his victory, saying the result of the election showed that South African citizens had \"spoken their minds.\" President of the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic, Mohamed Abdelaziz conveyed his best wishes to Zuma and the ANC on behalf of his people and government.\n\nSupranational organisations\nUnited Nations Secretary General Ban Ki Moon applauded the high voter turnout at the elections and South African citizens' willingness to participate in the democratic system their country fought for. African Union observer mission Deputy Head Ibrahim Fall reported that the elections were fair and all parties obeyed electoral rules. He said, \"The general political and electoral environment was generally peaceful across the country, with voters being able to exercise their right to vote.\" Southern African Development Community Electoral Observation Mission said in a statement \"Guided by the SADC Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections, SEOM concludes that the 2014 National and Provincial Elections were peaceful, free, fair, transparent and credible, reflecting the will of the people of South Africa.\" Commonwealth of Nations Election Observer Mission chairperson, Nana Akufo-Addo said that the South African elections should be an example for the continent of Africa, saying, \"So when we see a process like this which seems to have been a commendable process taking place in South Africa, we see there is a tremendous boost to the spread of democracy in the rest of the continent.\"\n\nMedia\nBBC's Andrew Harding said that there was no massive change in the elections compared to previous years and Voice of America said that the increase in representation for opposition parties will provide \"great political entertainment\".\n\nAftermath\n\nEconomic\nOn 8 May 2014, the South African Rand grew 1.2% against the US dollar, reaching its highest level in four months. The following day, the Rand was still trading strongly as preliminary results showed that the ANC would defeat the EFF, whose left-wing policies worried investors.\n\nPolitical\nOn 7 June 2014, the Presidency issued a statement saying that Jacob Zuma had been admitted to hospital for tests following \"a demanding election and transition programme,\" and that doctors were satisfied with his condition. Zuma was advised to rest for the next few days. Following internal conflict within Agang SA, party leader Mamphela Ramphele announced her withdrawal from politics on the next day.\n\nControversies\n\nDumped votes\nOn 8 May, it was reported that dumped ballots from the Lynnwood voting district in Pretoria had been found. According to reports, a majority of the dumped votes were for the Democratic Alliance. Helen Zille expressed her concerns over the incident to reporters at the IEC national operations centre, saying, \"This is certainly not conducive to public confidence in a free and fair election.\" However, DA party agents from the voting station confirmed that the votes had already been counted. Party agent for the DA, Jordan Griffith tweeted, \"I was the party agent there, those votes were counted and recorded. .signed off. The IEC in their laziness dumped them\" The IEC stated that it was looking into the incident.\n\nViolence in Alexandra\nOn 8 May violence broke out in Alexandra, Gauteng after residents found two ballot boxes dumped in the area. An IEC office was damaged.\n\nIFP officials stormed an ANC office in Alexandra and held ANC members hostage after the IFP had realised that they had lost all previous IFP voting districts to the ANC. The ANC office was situated in a multi-purpose centre along with IEC and IFP offices.\n\nRubber bullets and stun grenades were used on 9 May to disperse a violent protest by 300 to 400 people demanding the release of the suspects arrested the previous day. Members of the South African National Defence Force were called in to bring the situation under control. 44 People were arrested for public violence during the protest.\n\nSee also\nList of political parties in South Africa\n\nFootnotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nIndependent Electoral Commission of South Africa\n\n2014 elections in South Africa\nGeneral elections in South Africa\nMay 2014 events in Africa\nSouth Africa", "meta": {"title": "2014 South African general election", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20South%20African%20general%20election", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00abOh What a Circus\u00bb es una canci\u00f3n interpretada por el cantante ingl\u00e9s David Essex y compuesta por Tim Rice y Andrew Lloyd Webber para el musical Evita (1976), que se basa en la vida de la pol\u00edtica argentina Eva Per\u00f3n. La compa\u00f1\u00eda Mercury Records la public\u00f3 como el primer sencillo del musical y como el tercero del \u00e1lbum conceptual del mismo nombre el 4 de agosto de 1978, en algunos pa\u00edses europeos, y el 19 de ese mes en Reino Unido. Essex interpret\u00f3 el personaje del Che \u2014basado en el Che Guevara\u2014 en la producci\u00f3n original del musical en Londres y canta el tema desde su punto de vista. Con producci\u00f3n y arreglos de Mike Batt, es una canci\u00f3n de tempo r\u00e1pido cuya letra compara la vida de Eva Per\u00f3n, el personaje principal, con un circo y califica sus acciones de fraudulentas. Se caracteriza por ser un contrafactum y comparte la melod\u00eda con \u00abDon't Cry for Me Argentina\u00bb, de la misma obra.\n\n\u00abOh What a Circus\u00bb signific\u00f3 un \u00e9xito comercial para el cantante, luego de que su anterior compa\u00f1\u00eda cancelara su contrato discogr\u00e1fico debido a las bajas ventas de sus anteriores trabajos. Alcanz\u00f3 el tercer puesto en la lista oficial de Reino Unido y estuvo entre los treinta primeros lugares en B\u00e9lgica, Irlanda y Pa\u00edses Bajos. En producciones posteriores del musical numerosos artistas realizaron una versi\u00f3n de la canci\u00f3n, entre ellos Mandy Patinkin, Ricky Martin y Marti Pellow. Para la adaptaci\u00f3n cinematogr\u00e1fica, dirigida por Alan Parker y estrenada en 1996, fue interpretada por el actor espa\u00f1ol Antonio Banderas y por la cantante estadounidense Madonna; la cr\u00edtica elogi\u00f3 el arreglo con influencias del flamenco en la composici\u00f3n.\n\nAntecedentes y publicaci\u00f3n \n\n\u00abOh What a Circus\u00bb fue compuesta por Tim Rice y Andrew Lloyd Webber mientras desarrollaban el musical Evita entre 1974 y 1976. Ambos estaban muy intrigados por las historias que rodeaban la vida de Eva Per\u00f3n cuando empezaron a investigar sobre ella a mediados de los a\u00f1os 1970. A su vez buscaban varios actores que interpretaran el papel del narrador de Evita, personaje inspirado en el Che Guevara.\n\nPor otra parte, el cantante ingl\u00e9s David Essex hab\u00eda terminado su trabajo en el \u00e1lbum conceptual Jeff Wayne's Musical Version of The War of the Worlds y estaba interesado en producciones teatrales. Recibi\u00f3 una llamada de Rice y Webber para el papel del Che e inmediatamente acept\u00f3 la oferta. El musical ya hab\u00eda generado inter\u00e9s anteriormente con el \u00e1lbum conceptual del mismo nombre, editado en 1976, as\u00ed como con el \u00e9xito comercial del sencillo \u00abDon't Cry for Me Argentina\u00bb, interpretado por Julie Covington. Essex se reuni\u00f3 con el director Harold Prince y discutieron temas relacionados con su personaje, incluido la visi\u00f3n que Rice y Webber ten\u00edan sobre \u00e9l. Debido a su ascendencia roman\u00ed, el cantante ten\u00eda la \u00abcaracter\u00edstica\u00bb naturaleza lac\u00f3nica y la apariencia \u00abideal\u00bb necesaria para el rol.\n\nEvita tuvo \u00e9xito desde su noche de estreno: Derek Jewell del Sunday Times elogi\u00f3 la m\u00fasica de Webber y la actuaci\u00f3n de Essex como un personaje \u00abmelanc\u00f3lico y enigm\u00e1tico\u00bb. Mientras tanto, el artista hab\u00eda publicado antes una versi\u00f3n de \u00abStay with Me\u00bb (1966), original de Lorraine Ellison, que alcanz\u00f3 el puesto n\u00famero 45 en la lista oficial de Reino Unido, hecho que provoc\u00f3 que CBS Records cancelara su contrato discogr\u00e1fico debido a la baja recepci\u00f3n. Por consiguiente, su representante comenz\u00f3 a buscar contratos nuevos y al final firm\u00f3 uno con Phonogram, quien sugiri\u00f3 que se pusiera a la venta como sencillo una de las canciones del \u00e1lbum. La discogr\u00e1fica eligi\u00f3 entonces \u00abOh What a Circus\u00bb, con \u00abHigh Flying, Adored\u00bb como el lado B del vinilo de 7\". De esta manera, sali\u00f3 a la venta como el tercer sencillo del \u00e1lbum y como el primero del musical el 4 de agosto de 1978, en algunos pa\u00edses europeos, y el 19 de ese mes en Reino Unido a trav\u00e9s de la subsidiaria de Phonogram, Mercury Records.\n\nComposici\u00f3n y recepci\u00f3n \n\u00abOh What a Circus\u00bb es un contrafactum y comparte la composici\u00f3n con \u00abDon't Cry for Me Argentina\u00bb, de la misma obra, pero tiene un tempo m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido y letras completamente diferentes. La canci\u00f3n incluye un canto coral en lat\u00edn, basado en el himno cat\u00f3lico \u00abSalve Regina\u00bb. Una estrofa alternativa de \u00abDon't Cry for Me Argentina\u00bb aparece como un preludio de la canci\u00f3n en el Acto , cantada por una joven que caracteriza a Eva. Colm Wilkinson fue quien interpret\u00f3 la primera versi\u00f3n del tema en el \u00e1lbum conceptual de Evita antes de Essex, quien este \u00faltimo grab\u00f3 una nueva con producci\u00f3n y arreglos de Mike Batt y masterizaci\u00f3n de Tony Bridge. Se film\u00f3 un videoclip en la Catedral de San Pedro y San Pablo, ubicada en la ciudad de Br\u00edstol (Inglaterra), y muestra a Essex cantando mientras una multitud que lleva velas circula dentro de un edificio.\n\nSeg\u00fan la partitura publicada en Sheet Music Direct, se establece en un comp\u00e1s de 4/4 con un tempo de 128 pulsaciones por minuto y el registro vocal de Essex se extiende desde las notas do sostenido3 a mi5. La letra trata sobre la noticia de la muerte de Eva y su funeral, as\u00ed como la creencia del Che de que el duelo por ella no era apropiado y que su vida y predicaci\u00f3n eran fraudulentas. Adem\u00e1s compara su vida con la de un circo y un coro aparece durante la parte central. La letra cuestiona la santidad de la pol\u00edtica y su reconocimiento como un personaje piadoso entre los argentinos, a la vez que se burla al haberle fallado a su gente al no ser inmortal. Las palabras riman en versos como los de show/go y town/down; Rice explic\u00f3 que se hizo de manera intencional para hacer que la canci\u00f3n pareciera asim\u00e9trica.\nOh what a circus, oh what a show, Argentina has gone to town\nOver the death of an actress called Eva Per\u00f3n\nOh what an exit, that's how to go, when they're ringing your curtain down\nDemand to be buried like Eva Per\u00f3n\n\nLuego de su publicaci\u00f3n, el sencillo debut\u00f3 en el puesto n\u00famero 36 de la lista UK Singles Chart el 19 de agosto de 1978. Logr\u00f3 un ascenso con el paso de las semanas y finalmente alcanz\u00f3 el tercer lugar un mes despu\u00e9s, el 17 de septiembre. Fue la canci\u00f3n m\u00e1s exitosa de Essex en el pa\u00eds desde \u00abHold Me Close\u00bb, que lider\u00f3 la lista en 1975, y estuvo presente un total de once semanas. En los dem\u00e1s mercados europeos se ubic\u00f3 en la posici\u00f3n ocho en Irlanda y en la veintis\u00e9is en B\u00e9lgica, e ingres\u00f3 a los conteos Dutch Top 40 y Single Top 100 de Pa\u00edses Bajos, en los lugares dieciocho y veinte, respectivamente. Por \u00faltimo, en el ranking Kent Music Report de Australia, ocup\u00f3 el n\u00famero 72.\n\nVersiones de otros artistas \n\nMandy Patinkin encarn\u00f3 al Che en la producci\u00f3n estadounidense del musical y realiz\u00f3 una versi\u00f3n del tema. El autor William A. Everett, en su libro The A to Z of the Broadway Musical, escribi\u00f3 que su canto e interpretaci\u00f3n \u00abinteractuaron a nivel psicol\u00f3gico con el personaje principal (interpretado por Patti LuPone) y desafiaron las acciones y motivaciones de ella\u00bb. El actor espa\u00f1ol Antonio Banderas y la cantante estadounidense Madonna cantan la canci\u00f3n en la pel\u00edcula Evita (1996), dirigida por Alan Parker. Durante el filme, el Che reflexiona en un bar vac\u00edo, tras el ostentoso cortejo f\u00fanebre de Eva Per\u00f3n, y luego en las calles de Buenos Aires mientras la comunidad llora y se rebela. Las estrofas de Eva aparecen durante la escena de su funeral, aunque no la canta directamente. Inicia con una guitarra espa\u00f1ola cuando Banderas toma la voz principal y luego aparece un coro cambiante a lo largo de la canci\u00f3n.\n\nEn el puente se produce un ritmo y un tempo diferentes donde la composici\u00f3n principal tiene influencias del rock y el piano, mientras Banderas pronuncia la frase She didn't say much, but she said it loud. El coro regresa cerca del final, seguido de un pasaje orquestal que consiste en el tema principal acompa\u00f1ado de sonidos de gong y timbales. Madonna recita los \u00faltimos versos share my glory, so share my coffin. J. Randy Taraborrelli, autor de Madonna: An Intimate Biography, elogi\u00f3 la voz de la cantante y la describi\u00f3 como \u00abflexible y fuerte\u00bb. De manera similar, Lucy O'Brien, en su libro Madonna: Like an Icon, coment\u00f3 que la \u00abdulzura y el poder de [su] voz aparecen como nunca antes en estas pistas\u00bb. Paul Verna, de la revista Billboard, tambi\u00e9n otorg\u00f3 una rese\u00f1a favorable y consider\u00f3 el arreglo \u00aben\u00e9rgico con sabor a flamenco\u00bb como uno de los momentos m\u00e1s destacados de la banda sonora de la pel\u00edcula. El m\u00fasico ingl\u00e9s Hank Marvin grab\u00f3 una versi\u00f3n instrumental para su \u00e1lbum de 1997 Hank Marvin and the Shadows Play the Music of Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice.\n\nEn 2006, para la primera reposici\u00f3n de Evita en los teatros del West End, el actor Matt Rawle personific\u00f3 al Che y realiz\u00f3 una versi\u00f3n de la pista, que Michael Billington de The Guardian critic\u00f3 al \u00abno tener una idea coherente\u00bb. En la producci\u00f3n de Broadway de 2012, el personaje, interpretado en esta ocasi\u00f3n por el cantante puertorrique\u00f1o Ricky Martin, fue modificado y en su lugar represent\u00f3 un hombre de clase trabajadora que narraba todos los eventos. Seg\u00fan Joe Dziemianowicz del New York Daily News, su actuaci\u00f3n \u00abatrayente\u00bb le dio \u00abun gran toque de calidad de estrella\u00bb. En 2014, Marti Pellow, de la banda escocesa Wet Wet Wet, lo represent\u00f3 en la segunda reposici\u00f3n de la obra en West End. Del peri\u00f3dico Bristol Post, Natalie Banyard aprob\u00f3 la elecci\u00f3n de Pellow y destac\u00f3 \u00absu presencia ardiente, su f\u00edsico audaz y su hermosa voz [que] evoca de manera brillante al inquietante Che\u00bb. Agreg\u00f3 que no hubo se\u00f1ales del brogue escoc\u00e9s del artista mientras \u00abdeten\u00eda el espect\u00e1culo con sus interpretaciones de \"Oh What a Circus\" y \"The Lady's Got Potencial\"\u00bb.\n\nLista de canciones y formatos\n\nPosicionamiento en listas\n\nCr\u00e9ditos y personal \n David Essex: voz.\n Tim Rice: composici\u00f3n.\n Andrew Lloyd Webber: composici\u00f3n.\n Mike Batt: producci\u00f3n, arreglo.\n Tony Bridge: masterizaci\u00f3n.\n\nCr\u00e9ditos adaptados de las notas del sencillo en vinilo de 7\".\n\nReferencias\n\nBibliograf\u00eda \nEn ingl\u00e9s\n\nEnlaces externos \n Evita en el sitio web oficial de David Essex \n Portada de \u00abOh What a Circus\u00bb en Wikimedia\n Muestra de audio de \u00abOh What a Circus\u00bb en Wikimedia\n\nCanciones de 1976\nSencillos de 1978\nSencillos de pop\nCanciones de David Essex\nCanciones de Madonna\nCanciones de Evita\nCanciones con letras de Tim Rice\nCanciones compuestas por Andrew Lloyd Webber\nSencillos de Mercury Records\nCanciones multiling\u00fc\u00edsticas", "meta": {"title": "Oh What a Circus", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oh%20What%20a%20Circus", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Willem Stumpff (Amsterdam, 22 augustus 1826 \u2013 Amsterdam, 16 januari 1912) was een Nederlands musicus, meest bekend als dirigent.\n\nHij was zoon van fagottist en concertorganisator Jacob Stumpff en Helena Petronella van den Hoff, wonende in de Utrechtsedwarsstraat. Ook grootvader Christian Stumpff en oom Johann Eduard Stumpff waren musici. Willem Stumpff zou het bekendst worden. Zelf was Willem sinds 1849 getrouwd met Elize Stuky, zijn beroep was even later tapper. In 1858 hertrouwde hij als weduwnaar en muziekmeester  met Anna Catharina Margaretha Klinkert. Drie kinderen uit dat laatste huwelijk werden redelijk bekend in Amsterdam. Johann Eduard Stumpff werd directeur-geneeskundige van het Binnengasthuis; zoon Willem werd muziekhandelaar, dochter kunstschilder Johanna Stumpff trouwde met Marius Bauer en werd bekend onder de naam Jo Bauer-Stumpff.\n\nHij kreeg zijn opleiding in eerste instantie binnen de familie, waarop een opleiding volgde aan de stedelijk muziekschool, een verre voorloper van het Conservatorium van Amsterdam. Hij kreeg er les van Jan George Bertelman. Hij studeerde in 1849 af in de vakken dwarsfluit, piano en compositieleer. Hij zal ongetwijfeld hebben gespeeld in de orkesten van zijn familie, die bedrijf voerde in onder meer Theater Frascati en het orkest van de Franse Opera, want hij was van 1853 tot 1868 onderdirecteur van het Parkorkest van de Parkschouwburg, dat onder bestuurlijke leiding stond van Johan Eduard Stumpff. Toen die in 1868 volslagen blind werd volgde Willem Stumpff hem op. In diezelfde periode had vader Jacob Stumpff pensioenfonds Maatschappij Caecilia opgericht, waarbij Willem aanschoof als vicepresident (1858) en president (1876); hij zou er tot 1909 bij betrokken blijven. In 1859 was hij met Richard Hol, Gustaaf Adolf Heinze, Willem Nicola\u00ef en Hendrik Arnoldus Meijroos betrokken bij de oprichting van de Nederlandsche Toonkunstenaarsvereeniging (NTV); hij werd er penningmeester. Ook was hij tussen 1876 en 1906 betrokken bij Het Nederlands Toneel (directeur-gerant en lid Raad van Toezicht) van Schimmel en Abraham Carel Wertheim. De Parkschouwburg werd rond 1882 verkocht en Willem Stumpff werd leider van een combinatie van twee orkesten (Parkorkest en Paleisorkest) onder de noemer van Amsterdamsche Orkest Vereeniging. Deze combinatie viel weer uit elkaar door de komst van het Concertgebouworkest) in 1888. Willem was er in aanloop vanaf 1884 de eerste administratief directeur van de nog te bouwen concertzaal. Met name zijn uitvoeringen met het Parkorkest in de schouwburg en/of bijbehorend park trokken veel publiek maar ook beroemde solisten aan; het orkest verzorgde veel premi\u00e8res, alhoewel het publiek de concerten nog meestentijds tijdens diners aan tafels bijwoonde.\n\nOp latere leeftijd ging zijn gezondheid dermate achteruit dat hij langdurig door familie verzorgd moest worden; hij verbleef bij dochter Wilhelmina Antonette Stumpff en haar man arts Antoni Kouwernaar in Bennebroek.\n\nVanwege zijn werkzaamheden was hij benoemd tot ridder in de Orde van Oranje Nassau\n\nNederlands dirigent", "meta": {"title": "Willem Stumpff", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem%20Stumpff", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u0430\u044d\u043b\u0441\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b \u043c\u0430\u043a \u0414\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b (\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u044d\u043b \u0421\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b \u041c\u043e\u0440, \u041c\u044d\u043b \u0421\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439, \u041c\u0430\u044d\u043b \u0421\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b II, \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439, \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0438\u044f II; ; 948\u2014 2 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1022)\u00a0\u2014 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u041c\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0432 975/976\u20141022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0418\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0432 980\u20141002 \u0438 1014\u20141022 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\u041e\u2019\u0411\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0439\u043d.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u043c\u044c\u044f \n\u041c\u0430\u044d\u043b\u0441\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b \u043c\u0430\u043a \u0414\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e:\n\n1) \u0413\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043d \u041c\u0443\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0430 (\u0438\u0440\u043b.\u00a0\u2014 Gormflaith ingen Murchada) (\u043e\u043a. 960\u20141030), \u0434\u043e\u0447\u044c \u041c\u0443\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043a \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0430 (?\u00a0\u2014 972), \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u041b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 (966\u2014972), \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041e\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 III \u041a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0443. \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0438:\n \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0445\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0440 (\u0443\u043c. 1030)\n\n2) \u041c\u0430\u044d\u043b \u041c\u0443\u0439\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043d \u0410\u043c\u043b\u0430\u0439\u0431 (\u0438\u0440\u043b.\u00a0\u2014 M\u00e1el Muire ingen Amla\u00edb) (?\u00a0\u2014 1021), \u0434\u043e\u0447\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041e\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 III \u041a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 (945\u2014947, 952\u2014980). \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0438:\n \u0414\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0445\u0430\u0434 (?\u00a0\u2014 1012), \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0423\u044d\u0441\u0442\u043c\u0438\u0442\n \u0414\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043b (?\u00a0\u2014 1030), \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u041c\u0438\u0434\u0435 (1027\u20141030)\n \u0424\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d (?\u00a0\u2014 1013)\n \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445 (?\u00a0\u2014 1017)\n \u0414\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043b (?\u00a0\u2014 1019), \u0430\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0442\n \u041c\u0443\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0434 \u0420\u0443\u0430\u0433 (\u0443\u043c. 1049)\n \u041c\u0443\u0439\u0440\u0445\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0445 (\u0443\u043c. 1049)\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n Brady John: Kingdom and County of Meath, 6-13. R\u00edocht na M\u00eddhe I, 2, (1956)\n Jaski Bart (2005). \u00abM\u00e1el-Sechnaill II (949/950-1022)\u00bb. In Se\u00e1n Duffy. Medieval Ireland. An Encyclopedia.\u00a0\u2014 Abingdon and New York. pp.\u00a0310\u2014312.\n Moran W. The hereditary lands and Royal Tuath of the O\u2019Melaghlins, 33-44.R\u00edocht na M\u00eddhe I, 4, (1958)\n Moran W. Uisneagh, Tara and the rise of monarchy, 3-17.R\u00edocht na M\u00eddhe II, 1, (1959)\n\n\u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u0438\u0434\u0435\n\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0418\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438\n\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b X \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\n\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b XI \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0418\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 X \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0418\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 XI \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u0430\u044d\u043b\u0441\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b \u043c\u0430\u043a \u0414\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043b", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BB%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%20%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BB", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fengcheng ist mehrdeutig. Es bezeichnet:\n\n die Stadt Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u5e02 F\u00e8ngch\u00e9ng Sh\u00ec) der bezirksfreien Stadt Dandong in der chinesischen Provinz Liaoning, siehe Fengcheng (Dandong);\n die Stadt Fengcheng (\u4e30\u57ce\u5e02 F\u0113ngch\u00e9ng Sh\u00ec) der bezirksfreien Stadt Yichun in der chinesischen Provinz Jiangxi, siehe Fengcheng (Yichun);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u9547) im Kreis Anxi der Provinz Fujian, siehe Fengcheng (Anxi);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u9547) im Kreis Lianjiang der Provinz Fujian, siehe Fengcheng (Lianjiang);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u9547) im Kreis Yongding der Provinz Fujian, siehe Fengcheng (Yongding);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u9547) im Kreis Fengshan des Autonomen Gebiets Guangxi der Zhuang, siehe Fengcheng (Fengshan);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u9547) im Kreis Tianzhu der Provinz Guizhou, siehe Fengcheng (Tianzhu);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u9547) im Kreis Feng der Provinz Jiangsu, siehe Fengcheng (Feng);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u4e30\u57ce\u9547) in der Stadt Jimo in der chinesischen Provinz Shandong, siehe Fengcheng (Jimo);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u9547) im Kreis Wenshui der chinesischen Provinz Shanxi, siehe Fengcheng (Wenshui);\n die Gro\u00dfgemeinde Fengcheng (\u5949\u57ce\u9547) im Stadtbezirk Fengxian der Stadt Shanghai, siehe Fengcheng (Fengxian);\n die Gemeinde Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u4e61) der Stadt Houma in der Provinz Shanxi, siehe Fengcheng (Houma);\n das Stra\u00dfenviertel Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u8857\u9053) im Stadtbezirk Changshou von Chongching, siehe Fengcheng (Changshou);\n das Stra\u00dfenviertel Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u8857\u9053) im Stadtbezirk Yongding von Longyan in der Provinz Fujian, siehe Fengcheng (Yongding);\n das Stra\u00dfenviertel Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u8857\u9053) im Stadtbezirk Qingcheng von Qingyuan in der Provinz Guangdong, siehe Fengcheng (Qingcheng);\n das Stra\u00dfenviertel Fengcheng (\u4e30\u57ce\u8857\u9053) im Kreis Xinfeng der Provinz Guangdong, siehe Fengcheng (Xinfeng);\n das Stra\u00dfenviertel Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u8857\u9053) in der Stadt Haiyang in der Provinz Shandong, siehe Fengcheng (Haiyang);\n das Stra\u00dfenviertel Fengcheng (\u51e4\u57ce\u8857\u9053) im Stadtbezirk Laicheng von Laiwu in der Provinz Shandong, siehe Fengcheng (Laicheng).", "meta": {"title": "Fengcheng", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fengcheng", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u041e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438.{| class=\"wikitable\"\n|+ \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \n|- bgcolor=\"#ececec\"\n|\u0412\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0430 || \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 || \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a || \u041d\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\n|-\n| rowspan=4 | AUD || \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f || \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438 (Reserve Bank of Australia) ||\n|-\n| \u041a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0438 ||rowspan =3 | \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 || rowspan =3 | \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438\n|-\n| \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0443\n|-\n| \u0422\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0443\n|-\n| FJD || \u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438 || \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0424\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0438 (Reserve Bank of Fiji) ||\n|-\n| NZD || \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0417\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u044f || \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0438 (Reserve Bank of New Zealand) ||\n|-\n|rowspan=2 | PGK || \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0413\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u044f || \u0411\u0430\u043d\u043a \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0430 \u2014 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0413\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0438 (Bank of Papua New Guinea) ||\n|-\n| \u0411\u0443\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c || \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0411\u0443\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0438 ||\n|-\n|-\n| SBD || \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 || \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432 (Central Bank of Solomon Islands) ||\n|-\n| TOP || \u0422\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0430 || \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0422\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0438 (National Reserve Bank of Tonga) ||\n|-\n| rowspan=3 | USD || \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 ||rowspan =3 | \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 || rowspan=3| \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0421\u0428\u0410\n|-\n| \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0428\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0438\n|-\n| \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443\n|-\n| VUV || \u0412\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0443 || \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0412\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0443 (Reserve Bank of Vanuatu) ||\n|-\n| WST || \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0430 || \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0430 (Central Bank of Samoa) ||\n|}\n\n\u0421\u043c. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \n \u041e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u044b \u041e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5%20%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0414\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0436\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0435 1918. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043e 5. \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430 1918. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443, \u043d\u0430 \u0422\u0440\u0433\u0443 \u0411\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0408\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0438\u045b\u0430. \u0423 \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u045a\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 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{"title": "\u0414\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0436\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0435 1918", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%20%D0%B6%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%201918", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430:\n\n \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0451\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0439.\n \u0421\u043b\u0451\u0437\u044b \u2014\u2009 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u041f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438.\n\n\u0421\u043c. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435\n \u0421\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430 (\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%20%28%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "P\u0142ytki parsing (inaczej powierzchniowy parsing lub cz\u0119\u015bciowy parsing) \u2013 rodzaj analizy sk\u0142adniowej, kt\u00f3rej celem jest uzyskanie cz\u0119\u015bciowej struktury sk\u0142adniowej analizowanego zdania. W zdaniu wej\u015bciowym rozpoznawane s\u0105 pewne wybrane struktury np. grupy rzeczownikowe, czy grupy czasownikowe, jednak nie jest rozpoznawana pe\u0142na ich struktura wewn\u0119trzna ani nie s\u0105 te\u017c analizowane role, jakie grupy te pe\u0142ni\u0105 w zdaniu. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do parsingu g\u0142\u0119bokiego (parsingu pe\u0142nego) celem analizy nie jest rozpoznanie ca\u0142ej struktury sk\u0142adniowej zdania.\n\nStruktur\u0119 rozpoznan\u0105 w wyniku parsingu mo\u017cna przedstawi\u0107 w postaci drzewa. Dla takich samych zda\u0144, drzewa struktury otrzymanej jako wynik parsingu p\u0142ytkiego s\u0105 mniej z\u0142o\u017cone od pe\u0142nych drzew struktury sk\u0142adniowej. Mo\u017cna zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce drzewo parsingu p\u0142ytkiego to drzewo zbudowane z kilku najbli\u017cszych li\u015bciom (najbardziej szczeg\u00f3\u0142owych) poziom\u00f3w drzewa pe\u0142nego parsingu.\n\nPoni\u017cej przedstawione jest drzewo struktury p\u0142ytkiej zdania:\n \"Moja m\u0142odsza siostra idzie do kina z najlepsz\u0105 kole\u017cank\u0105.\"\n\nP\u0142ytki parsing jest problemem mniej z\u0142o\u017conym od parsingu g\u0142\u0119bokiego pod wzgl\u0119dem obliczeniowym. Stosowany jest wi\u0119c szczeg\u00f3lnie w sytuacji, gdy istotna jest szybko\u015b\u0107 dzia\u0142ania.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n parser\n analiza sk\u0142adniowa\n\nJ\u0119zyki formalne\nSk\u0142adnia", "meta": {"title": "P\u0142ytki parsing", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%82ytki%20parsing", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ludu \u2013 wie\u015b w Rumunii, w okr\u0119gu Mehedin\u021bi, w gminie Ponoarele. W 2011 roku liczy\u0142a 89 mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nWsie w okr\u0119gu Mehedin\u021bi", "meta": {"title": "Ludu", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludu", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jack Benjamin Olson (* 29. August 1920 in Kilbourn, Wisconsin; \u2020\u00a03. Juli 2003 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker und Diplomat. Zwischen 1963 und 1965 sowie von 1967 bis 1971 war er Vizegouverneur des Bundesstaates Wisconsin.\n\nWerdegang \nJack Olson wurde in Kilbourn geboren. Der Ort hei\u00dft heute Wisconsin Dells. Nach der High School studierte er an der Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo. W\u00e4hrend des Zweiten Weltkrieges diente er in der United States Navy. Dabei war er im Nordatlantik eingesetzt. Nach seiner Heimkehr nach Wisconsin Dells wurde er Eigent\u00fcmer und Pr\u00e4sident der Firma Dells Boat Tours and Amphibious Duck Rides. Diese war in der Tourismusbranche t\u00e4tig. Er setzte sich auch ganz allgemein f\u00fcr die F\u00f6rderung der Tourismusindustrie ein. Au\u00dferdem war er Mitglied der amerikanischen Veteranenorganisation American Legion.\n\nPolitisch schloss sich Olson der  Republikanischen Partei an. Zwischen 1957 und 1960 war er deren Bezirksvorsitzender im Columbia County. In den Jahren 1960, 1964 und 1972 nahm er als Delegierter an den jeweiligen Republican National Conventions teil. 1960 leitete er den dann erfolglosen Pr\u00e4sidentschaftswahlkampf von Richard Nixon f\u00fcr Wisconsin. Im Jahr 1962 wurde Olson an der Seite von John W. Reynolds zum Vizegouverneur von Wisconsin gew\u00e4hlt. Dieses Amt bekleidete er zwischen 1963 und 1965. Dabei war er Stellvertreter des Gouverneurs und Vorsitzender des Staatssenats. Zwischen 1967 und 1971 \u00fcbte er dieses Amt unter dem neuen Gouverneur Warren P. Knowles erneut aus. 1970 kandidierte er erfolglos f\u00fcr das Amt des Gouverneurs. Zwischen dem 22.\u00a0Dezember 1976 und dem 30.\u00a0April 1977 war Olson als Nachfolger von Seymour Weiss US-Botschafter auf den Bahamas. Er starb am 3.\u00a0Juli 2003.\n\nWeblinks\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\n \n\nVizegouverneur (Wisconsin)\nMitglied der Republikanischen Partei\nBotschafter der Vereinigten Staaten auf den Bahamas\nUS-Amerikaner\nGeboren 1920\nGestorben 2003\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Jack B. Olson", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20B.%20Olson", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0435\u0439 \n \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u00a0\u2014 \u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0430.\n \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e- \u0438 \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f 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\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0420\u0443\u043c\u044b\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0435\u0439 \n \u041b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e-\u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u2014 \u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0420\u041f\u0426\u0417 (\u0410\u0433\u0430\u0444\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u0430).\n \u0421\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u2014 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\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0430.\n \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u042e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0420\u0443\u043c\u044b\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438.\n \u041f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u00a0\u2014 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0442 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0430.", "meta": {"title": "\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0435\u0432\u043e \u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u044f\u0441\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438.\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \n\u041d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0424. \u0424. \u0428\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430 1834 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u043a \u044e\u0433\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u0443\u0441\u0430\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e.\n\n\u041c\u0410\u0422\u0418\u0415\u0412\u041e \u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0438: 19 \u043c. \u043f., 25 \u0436. \u043f. (1838 \u0433\u043e\u0434)\n\n\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 \u0424. \u0424. \u0428\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430 1844 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u041c\u0410\u0422\u0418\u0415\u0412\u041e \u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0412\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u2014 9, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0443\u0448 \u2014 20 \u043c. \u043f. (1856 \u0433\u043e\u0434)\n\n\u041c\u0410\u0422\u0418\u0415\u0412\u041e (\u041c\u0410\u0422\u0412\u0415\u0415\u0412\u041e) \u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u044f\u0441\u0438, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u2014 11, \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439: 20 \u043c. \u043f., 30 \u0436. \u043f.; \u0427\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f. (1862 \u0433\u043e\u0434)\n\n\u0412 XIX \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 XX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043a \u0418\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 2-\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438.\n\n\u041f\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u00ab\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438\u00bb \u0437\u0430 1905 \u0433\u043e\u0434, \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\n\u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f 1915 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u043a \u044e\u0433\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043c\u044b\u0437\u0430.\n\n\u0421 1917 \u043f\u043e 1923 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0418\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u0421 1923 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 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\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%20%28%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marqu\u00e9s de la Ensenada, puede referirse a uno de los siguientes buques de la Armada Espa\u00f1ola, nombrados as\u00ed en memoria de Zen\u00f3n de Somodevilla y Bengoechea, I Marqu\u00e9s de la Ensenada (1702 - 1781), pol\u00edtico ilustrado espa\u00f1ol.\n\n, crucero de clase Velasco de la Armada Espa\u00f1ola activo entre 1894 y 1900.\n, destructor de clase Oquendo de la Armada Espa\u00f1ola  activo entre 1970 y 1988.\n, petrolero de flota de la Armada Espa\u00f1ola activo desde 1991 y dado de baja el 31 de enero de 2012.\n\nNombres de buques de la Armada de Espa\u00f1a", "meta": {"title": "Marqu\u00e9s de la Ensenada (desambiguaci\u00f3n)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marqu%C3%A9s%20de%20la%20Ensenada%20%28desambiguaci%C3%B3n%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Barry David Keim (born September 9, 1963, in New Orleans, Louisiana) is the Richard J. Russell Professor in the Department of Geography & Anthropology at Louisiana State University (LSU), as well as the state climatologist for the state of Louisiana. He was previously on the faculty of the University of New Hampshire, and was the New Hampshire state climatologist, from 1994 to 2003. He is known for researching extreme weather, such as hurricanes and heavy rainfall.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nFaculty page\n\nPeople from Chalmette, Louisiana\n1963 births\nLiving people\nLouisiana State University faculty\nAmerican climatologists\nUniversity of New Orleans alumni\nLouisiana State University alumni", "meta": {"title": "Barry Keim", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Keim", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u041c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0456 \u0413\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e 10 \u0456 5 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0457\u0445 \u044f\u043a \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0443, \u0456 \u044f\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0456 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0442.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\n\u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0420\u0456\u043a \u0413\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0441 (\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%BA%20%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%81%20%28%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0301\u0432\u043a\u0430 () \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1\u00a0251 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a.\n\n\u041a\u043e\u0434 \u041a\u041e\u0410\u0422\u0423\u0423: 7422784501. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441: 16340. \u0422\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434: +380 4643.\n\n\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \n\u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441: 16340, \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b., \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440-\u043d, \u0441. \u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430, \u0443\u043b. \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f, 83, \u0442\u0435\u043b. 2-75-48, 2-71-82.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u00abfoto-planeta.com\u00bb", "meta": {"title": "\u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 (\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%28%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "16 Samodzielny Pu\u0142k Czo\u0142g\u00f3w  \u2013 oddzia\u0142 pancerny ludowego Wojska Polskiego.\n\nSformowany wiosn\u0105 1951 na podstawie \"Planu zamierze\u0144 organizacyjnych na lata 1951-1952\". Stacjonowa\u0142 w Szczecinie.\n\nStruktura pu\u0142ku \n dow\u00f3dztwo i sztab\n sze\u015b\u0107 kompanii czo\u0142g\u00f3w \u015brednich\n batalion artylerii pancernej\n dwie kompanie dzia\u0142 pancernych\n kompani\u0119 technicznego zaopatrzenia \n plutony: \u0142\u0105czno\u015bci i saper\u00f3w. \nUzbrojenie pu\u0142ku stanowi\u0142y: 63 czo\u0142gi \u015brednie T-34/85 i 18 dzia\u0142 pancernych\n\nW grudniu 1952 zmieniono etat. W pu\u0142ku zmniejszono ilo\u015b\u0107 kompanii czo\u0142g\u00f3w \u015brednich do trzech i jednej kompanii dzia\u0142 pancernych. Og\u00f3lna liczba podstawowego sprz\u0119tu bojowego wynosi\u0142a wtedy 30 czo\u0142g\u00f3w i 5 dzia\u0142 pancernych\n\nW sk\u0142adzie 12 Dywizji \nPod koniec 1954 zmieniono jego nazw\u0119 na 16 pu\u0142k czo\u0142g\u00f3w i artylerii pancernej i w\u0142\u0105czono go w struktury 12 Dywizji Piechoty.\n\nW 1967 przemianowano go na 25 Drezde\u0144ski pu\u0142ku czo\u0142g\u00f3w \u015brednich. Rozformowano 31 grudnia 1990.\n\nPrzeformowania \n16 samodzielny pu\u0142k czo\u0142g\u00f3w \u2192 16 pu\u0142k czo\u0142g\u00f3w \u2192 16 pu\u0142k czo\u0142g\u00f3w i artylerii pancernej \u2192 25 Drezde\u0144ski pu\u0142ku czo\u0142g\u00f3w \u015brednich\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia \n \n\nLudowe Wojsko Polskie w Szczecinie\nPu\u0142ki czo\u0142g\u00f3w \u015brednich ludowego Wojska Polskiego\nSamodzielne pu\u0142ki czo\u0142g\u00f3w Wojska Polskiego\nPu\u0142ki czo\u0142g\u00f3w i artylerii pancernej", "meta": {"title": "16 Samodzielny Pu\u0142k Czo\u0142g\u00f3w", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/16%20Samodzielny%20Pu%C5%82k%20Czo%C5%82g%C3%B3w", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Di seguito una lista di asteroidi dal numero 499001 al 500000 con data di scoperta e scopritore.\n\n499001-499100 \n\n|-\n| 499001 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499002 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499003 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499004 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499005 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499006 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499007 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499008 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499009 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499010 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499011 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499012 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499013 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499014 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499015 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499016 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499017 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499018 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499019 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499020 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499021 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499022 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499023 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499024 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499025 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499026 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499027 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499028 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499029 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499030 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499031 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499032 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499033 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499034 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499035 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499036 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499037 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499038 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499039 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499040 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499041 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499042 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499043 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499044 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499045 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499046 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499047 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499048 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499049 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499050 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499051 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499052 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499053 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499054 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499055 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499056 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499057 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499058 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499059 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499060 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499061 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499062 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499063 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499064 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499065 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499066 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499067 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499068 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499069 - ||  ||  || Tozzi, F.\n|-\n| 499070 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499071 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499072 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499073 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499074 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499075 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499076 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499077 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499078 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499079 - ||  ||  || Starkenburg\n|-\n| 499080 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499081 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499082 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499083 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499084 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499085 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499086 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499087 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499088 - ||  ||  || Sheridan, E.\n|-\n| 499089 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499090 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499091 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499092 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499093 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499094 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499095 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499096 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499097 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499098 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499099 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499100 - ||  ||  || PMO NEO Survey Program\n|-\n|}\n\n499101-499200 \n\n|-\n| 499101 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499102 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499103 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499104 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499105 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499106 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499107 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499108 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499109 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499110 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499111 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499112 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499113 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499114 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499115 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499116 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499117 - ||  ||  || PMO NEO Survey Program\n|-\n| 499118 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499119 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499120 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499121 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499122 - ||  ||  || Siding Spring Survey\n|-\n| 499123 - ||  ||  || Lowe, A.\n|-\n| 499124 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499125 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499126 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499127 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499128 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499129 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499130 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499131 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499132 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499133 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499134 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499135 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499136 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499137 - ||  ||  || Ries, W.\n|-\n| 499138 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499139 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499140 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499141 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499142 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499143 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499144 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499145 - ||  ||  || PMO NEO Survey Program\n|-\n| 499146 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499147 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499148 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499149 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499150 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499151 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499152 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499153 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499154 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499155 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499156 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499157 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499158 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499159 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499160 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499161 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499162 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499163 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499164 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499165 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499166 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499167 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499168 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499169 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499170 - ||  ||  || Tzec Maun\n|-\n| 499171 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499172 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499173 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499174 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499175 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499176 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499177 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499178 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499179 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499180 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499181 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499182 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499183 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499184 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499185 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499186 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499187 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499188 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499189 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499190 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499191 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499192 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499193 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499194 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499195 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499196 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499197 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499198 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499199 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499200 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n|}\n\n499201-499300 \n\n|-\n| 499201 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499202 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499203 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499204 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499205 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499206 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499207 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499208 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499209 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499210 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499211 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499212 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499213 - ||  ||  || PMO NEO Survey Program\n|-\n| 499214 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499215 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499216 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499217 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499218 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499219 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499220 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499221 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499222 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499223 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499224 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499225 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499226 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499227 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499228 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499229 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499230 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499231 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499232 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499233 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499234 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499235 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499236 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499237 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499238 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499239 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499240 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499241 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499242 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499243 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499244 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499245 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499246 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499247 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499248 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499249 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499250 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499251 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499252 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499253 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499254 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499255 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499256 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499257 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499258 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499259 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499260 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499261 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499262 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499263 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499264 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499265 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499266 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499267 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499268 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499269 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499270 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499271 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499272 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499273 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499274 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499275 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499276 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499277 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499278 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499279 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499280 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499281 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499282 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499283 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499284 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499285 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499286 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499287 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499288 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499289 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499290 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499291 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499292 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499293 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499294 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499295 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499296 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499297 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499298 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499299 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499300 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n|}\n\n499301-499400 \n\n|-\n| 499301 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499302 - ||  ||  || Lowe, A.\n|-\n| 499303 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499304 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499305 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499306 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499307 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499308 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499309 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499310 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499311 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499312 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499313 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499314 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499315 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499316 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499317 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499318 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499319 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499320 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499321 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499322 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499323 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499324 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499325 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499326 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499327 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499328 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499329 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499330 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499331 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499332 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499333 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499334 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499335 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499336 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499337 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499338 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499339 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499340 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499341 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499342 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499343 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499344 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499345 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499346 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499347 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499348 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499349 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499350 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499351 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499352 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499353 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499354 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499355 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499356 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499357 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499358 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499359 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499360 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499361 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499362 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499363 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499364 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499365 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499366 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499367 - ||  ||  || Sierra Stars\n|-\n| 499368 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499369 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499370 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499371 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499372 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499373 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499374 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499375 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499376 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499377 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499378 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499379 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499380 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499381 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499382 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499383 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499384 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499385 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499386 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499387 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499388 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499389 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499390 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499391 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499392 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499393 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499394 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499395 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499396 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499397 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499398 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499399 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499400 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n|}\n\n499401-499500 \n\n|-\n| 499401 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499402 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499403 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499404 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499405 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499406 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499407 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499408 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499409 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499410 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499411 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499412 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499413 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499414 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499415 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499416 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499417 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499418 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499419 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499420 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499421 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499422 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499423 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499424 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499425 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499426 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499427 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499428 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499429 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499430 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499431 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499432 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499433 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499434 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499435 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499436 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499437 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499438 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499439 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499440 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499441 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499442 - ||  ||  || Siding Spring Survey\n|-\n| 499443 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499444 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499445 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499446 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499447 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499448 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499449 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499450 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499451 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499452 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499453 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499454 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499455 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499456 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499457 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499458 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499459 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499460 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499461 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499462 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499463 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499464 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499465 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499466 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499467 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499468 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499469 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499470 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499471 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499472 - ||  ||  || Bickel, W.\n|-\n| 499473 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499474 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499475 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499476 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499477 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499478 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499479 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499480 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499481 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499482 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499483 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499484 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499485 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499486 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499487 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499488 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499489 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499490 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499491 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499492 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499493 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499494 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499495 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499496 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499497 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499498 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499499 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499500 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n|}\n\n499501-499600 \n\n|-\n| 499501 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499502 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499503 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499504 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499505 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499506 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499507 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499508 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499509 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499510 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499511 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499512 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499513 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499514 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499515 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499516 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499517 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499518 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499519 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499520 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499521 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499522 - ||  ||  || Rabinowitz, D. L., Schwamb, M., Tourtellotte, S.\n|-\n| 499523 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499524 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499525 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499526 Romh\u00e1nyi ||  ||  || S\u00e1rneczky, K., Kuli, Z.\n|-\n| 499527 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499528 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499529 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499530 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499531 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499532 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499533 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499534 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499535 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499536 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499537 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499538 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499539 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499540 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499541 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499542 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499543 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499544 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499545 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499546 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499547 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499548 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499549 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499550 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499551 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499552 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499553 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499554 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499555 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499556 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499557 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499558 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499559 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499560 - ||  ||  || LONEOS\n|-\n| 499561 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499562 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499563 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499564 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499565 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499566 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499567 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499568 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499569 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499570 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499571 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499572 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499573 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499574 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499575 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499576 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499577 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499578 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499579 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499580 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499581 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499582 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499583 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499584 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499585 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499586 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499587 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499588 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499589 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499590 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499591 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499592 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499593 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499594 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499595 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499596 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499597 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499598 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499599 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499600 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n|}\n\n499601-499700 \n\n|-\n| 499601 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499602 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499603 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499604 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499605 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499606 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499607 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499608 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499609 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499610 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499611 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499612 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499613 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499614 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499615 - ||  ||  || LONEOS\n|-\n| 499616 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499617 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499618 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499619 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499620 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499621 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499622 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499623 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499624 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499625 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499626 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499627 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499628 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499629 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499630 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499631 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499632 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499633 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499634 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499635 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499636 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499637 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499638 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499639 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499640 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499641 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499642 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499643 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499644 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499645 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499646 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499647 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499648 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499649 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499650 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499651 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499652 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499653 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499654 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499655 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499656 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499657 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499658 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499659 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499660 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499661 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499662 - ||  ||  || ODAS\n|-\n| 499663 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499664 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499665 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499666 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499667 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499668 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499669 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499670 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499671 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499672 - ||  ||  || Bus, S. J.\n|-\n| 499673 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499674 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499675 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499676 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499677 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499678 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499679 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499680 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499681 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499682 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499683 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499684 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499685 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499686 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499687 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499688 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499689 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499690 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499691 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499692 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499693 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499694 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499695 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499696 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499697 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499698 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499699 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499700 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n|}\n\n499701-499800 \n\n|-\n| 499701 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499702 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499703 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499704 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499705 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499706 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499707 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499708 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499709 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499710 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499711 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499712 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499713 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499714 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499715 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499716 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499717 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499718 - ||  ||  || LONEOS\n|-\n| 499719 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499720 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499721 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499722 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499723 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499724 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499725 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499726 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499727 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499728 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499729 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499730 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499731 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499732 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499733 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499734 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499735 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499736 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499737 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499738 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499739 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499740 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499741 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499742 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499743 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499744 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499745 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499746 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499747 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499748 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499749 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499750 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499751 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499752 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499753 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499754 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499755 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499756 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499757 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499758 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499759 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499760 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499761 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499762 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499763 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499764 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499765 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499766 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499767 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499768 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499769 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499770 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499771 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499772 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499773 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499774 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499775 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499776 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499777 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499778 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499779 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499780 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499781 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499782 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499783 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499784 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499785 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499786 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499787 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499788 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499789 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499790 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499791 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499792 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499793 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499794 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499795 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499796 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499797 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499798 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499799 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499800 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n|}\n\n499801-499900 \n\n|-\n| 499801 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499802 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499803 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499804 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499805 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499806 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499807 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499808 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499809 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499810 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499811 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499812 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499813 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499814 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499815 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499816 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499817 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499818 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499819 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499820 - ||  ||  || OAM\n|-\n| 499821 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499822 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499823 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499824 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499825 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499826 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499827 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499828 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499829 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499830 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499831 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499832 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499833 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499834 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499835 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499836 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499837 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499838 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499839 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499840 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499841 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499842 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499843 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499844 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499845 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499846 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499847 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499848 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499849 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499850 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499851 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499852 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499853 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499854 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499855 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499856 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499857 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499858 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499859 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499860 - ||  ||  || Siding Spring Survey\n|-\n| 499861 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499862 - ||  ||  || PMO NEO Survey Program\n|-\n| 499863 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499864 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499865 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499866 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499867 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499868 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499869 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499870 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499871 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499872 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499873 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499874 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499875 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499876 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499877 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499878 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499879 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499880 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499881 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499882 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499883 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499884 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499885 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499886 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499887 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499888 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499889 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499890 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499891 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499892 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499893 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499894 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499895 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499896 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499897 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499898 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499899 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499900 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n|}\n\n499901-500000 \n\n|-\n| 499901 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499902 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499903 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499904 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499905 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499906 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499907 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499908 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499909 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499910 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499911 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499912 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499913 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499914 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499915 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499916 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499917 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499918 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499919 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499920 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499921 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499922 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499923 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499924 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499925 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499926 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499927 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499928 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499929 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499930 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499931 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499932 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499933 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499934 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499935 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499936 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499937 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499938 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499939 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499940 - ||  ||  || LONEOS\n|-\n| 499941 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499942 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499943 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499944 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499945 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499946 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499947 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499948 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499949 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499950 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499951 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499952 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499953 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499954 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499955 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499956 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499957 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499958 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499959 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499960 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499961 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499962 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499963 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499964 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499965 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499966 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499967 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499968 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499969 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499970 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499971 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499972 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499973 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499974 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499975 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499976 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499977 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499978 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499979 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499980 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499981 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499982 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499983 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 499984 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499985 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499986 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499987 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499988 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499989 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499990 - ||  ||  || Spacewatch\n|-\n| 499991 - ||  ||  || Siding Spring Survey\n|-\n| 499992 - ||  ||  || LINEAR\n|-\n| 499993 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499994 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499995 - ||  ||  || WISE\n|-\n| 499996 - ||  ||  || CSS\n|-\n| 499997 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499998 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n| 499999 - ||  ||  || Mt. Lemmon Survey\n|-\n| 500000 - ||  ||  || Pan-STARRS 1\n|-\n|}\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n \n\n0499001", "meta": {"title": "Lista di asteroidi (499001-500000)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista%20di%20asteroidi%20%28499001-500000%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nCarriera\n\nInizi e Minor League\nNato a Blue Bell in Pennsylvania, Stripling frequent\u00f2 la Carroll High School di Southlake nel Texas e successivamente il Texas A&M University di College Station nella contea di Brazos. Venne selezionato la prima volta dai Colorado Rockies nel nono turno del draft MLB 2011, ma scelse di non firmare. Entr\u00f2 nel baseball professionistico l'anno seguente, quando venne scelto nel quinto giro del draft MLB 2012 dai Los Angeles Dodgers. Venne assegnato nello stesso anno nella classe Rookie. Inizi\u00f2 la stagione 2013 nella classe A-avanzata e a maggio venne promosso nella Doppia-A.\n\nNel 2014 venne invitato agli allenamenti primaverili dei Dodgers, ma durante la prima azione della prima partita disputata, cadde dolorante accusando un problema al braccio. Si sottopose poco dopo alla Tommy John surgery, che lo costrinse a riposo per l'intera stagione 2014. Torn\u00f2 in campo nel 2015, giocando 13 partite nella Doppia-A e una nella classe A.\n\nMajor League\nRiusc\u00ec ad entrare nel roster principale della squadra all'inizio della stagione 2016, come quinto partente, e debutt\u00f2 nella MLB l'8 aprile 2016, al AT&T Park di San Francisco contro i San Francisco Giants, lanciando per 7 inning e 1/3 senza concedere valide agli avversari. Guadagn\u00f2 la prima vittoria contro i St. Louis Cardinals il 13 maggio 2016. Nella stessa partita come battitore, colp\u00ec la sua prima valida su errore dell'interbase nella parte bassa del quarto inning, e segn\u00f2 il primo punto. Quell'anno disput\u00f2 22 partite di MLB nella stagione regolare, di cui 14 come partente, con un record di 5\u20139 e una media PGL di 3.96. Nella minor league, partecip\u00f2 a 6 partite, di cui 5 nella Tripla-A e una nella classe Rookie.\n\nStripling divenne un membro chiave del bullpen dei Dodgers nel 2017, guadagnando la prima salvezza il 27 maggio 2017, con 3 inning senza subire punti contro i Chicago Cubs. A fine anno i Dodgers giunsero fino al World Series 2017 dove furono sconfitti dagli Houston Astros per quattro gare a tre.\n\nNel 2018 venne convocato per il suo primo All-Star Game.\n\nIl 31 agosto 2020, i Dodgers scambiarono Stripling con i Toronto Blue Jays per due giocatori da nominare in seguito.\n\nIl 15 aprile 2021, sub\u00ec un infortunio al flessore dell'avanbraccio destro per cui fu indisponibile fino al 2 maggio. L'11 agosto si infortun\u00f2 al muscolo obliquo esterno sinistro, tornando in campo nella MLB l'11 settembre successivo.\n\nPalmares\n MLB All-Star Game: 1\n 2018\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Ross Stripling", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross%20Stripling", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Piper manabinum is a species of plant in the family Piperaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.\n\nReferences\n\nFlora of Ecuador\nmanabinum\nCritically endangered plants\nTaxonomy articles created by Polbot", "meta": {"title": "Piper manabinum", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper%20manabinum", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ha vinto nel 1980 il premio Oscar al miglior regista e alla migliore sceneggiatura non originale per Kramer contro Kramer  e nel 1985 l'Oscar alla migliore sceneggiatura originale per Le stagioni del cuore.\n\nFilmografia parziale\n\nRegista \n Cattive compagnie (Bad Company) (1972)\n L'occhio privato (The Late Show) (1977)\n Kramer contro Kramer (Kramer vs. Kramer) (1979)\n Una lama nel buio (Still of the Night) (1982)\n Le stagioni del cuore (Places in the Heart) (1984)\n Nadine, un amore a prova di proiettile (Nadine) (1987)\n Billy Bathgate - A scuola di gangster (Billy Bathgate) (1991)\n La vita a modo mio (Nobody's Fool) (1994)\n Twilight (1998)\n La macchia umana (The Human Stain) (2003)\n Feast of Love (2007)\n\nSceneggiatore \n Gangster Story (Bonnie and Clyde), regia di Arthur Penn (1967)\n Uomini e cobra (There Was a Crooked Man...), regia di Joseph L. Mankiewicz (1970)\n Ma pap\u00e0 ti manda sola? (What's Up, Doc?), regia di Peter Bogdanovich (1972)\n Oh! Calcutta!, regia di Jacques Levy (1972)\n Cattive compagnie (Bad Company), regia di Robert Benton (1972)\n L'occhio privato (The Late Show), regia di Robert Benton (1977)\n Superman, regia di Richard Donner (1978)\n Kramer contro Kramer (Kramer vs. Kramer), regia di Robert Benton (1979)\n Una lama nel buio (Still of the Night), regia di Robert Benton (1982)\n Le stagioni del cuore (Places in the Heart), regia di Robert Benton (1984)\n Nadine - Un amore a prova di proiettile (Nadine), regia di Robert Benton (1987)\n Billy Bathgate - A scuola di gangster (Billy Bathgate), regia di Robert Benton (1991)\n La vita a modo mio (Nobody's Fool), regia di Robert Benton (1994)\n Twilight, regia di Robert Benton (1998)\n The Ice Harvest, regia di Harold Ramis (2005)\n\nPremi e riconoscimenti\n\nPremio Oscar \n 1968 - Nomination alla migliore sceneggiatura originale per \"Gangster Story\"\n 1978 - Nomination alla migliore sceneggiatura originale per \"L'occhio privato\"\n 1980 - Miglior regista per \"Kramer contro Kramer\"\n 1980 - Migliore sceneggiatura non originale per \"Kramer contro Kramer\"\n 1985 - Nomination al miglior regista per \"Le stagioni del cuore\"\n 1985 - Migliore sceneggiatura originale per \"Le stagioni del cuore\"\n 1995 - Nomination alla migliore sceneggiatura non originale per \"La vita a modo mio\"\n\nGolden Globe \n 1968 - Nomination alla migliore sceneggiatura per \"Gangster Story\"\n 1980 - Nomination al miglior regista per \"Kramer contro Kramer\"\n 1980 - Migliore sceneggiatura per \"Kramer contro Kramer\"\n 1985 - Nomination alla migliore sceneggiatura per \"Le stagioni del cuore\"\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nGolden Globe per la migliore sceneggiatura\nOrso d'argento per il miglior regista\nRegisti cinematografici statunitensi", "meta": {"title": "Robert Benton", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Benton", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Thylacosceles acridomima is een vlinder uit de familie Stathmopodidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1889 door Meyrick.\n\nStathmopodidae", "meta": {"title": "Thylacosceles acridomima", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacosceles%20acridomima", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vid, osjetilo\n Vid (Metkovi\u0107), jedno od 5 gradskih naselja Metkovi\u0107a\n VID, ruska TV ku\u0107a\n Sv. Vid (razdvojba)\n Bo\u0107arski klub Vid", "meta": {"title": "Vid (razdvojba)", "url": "https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vid%20%28razdvojba%29", "language": "hr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Neubau () is het 7e district van Wenen. In 2008 leefden er ruim 30.000 mensen.\n\nDistrict in Wenen", "meta": {"title": "Neubau", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neubau", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "P\u00f5drala Parish was a rural municipality of the Estonian county of Valga.\n\nSettlements\nVillages\nKaru - Kaubi - Kungi - Leebiku - Liva - L\u00f5ve - Pikasilla - Pori - Reti - Riidaja - Rulli - Uralaane - Vanam\u00f5isa - Voorbahi\n\nReferences", "meta": {"title": "P\u00f5drala Parish", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B5drala%20Parish", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 1987 Pittsburgh Panthers football team represented the University of Pittsburgh as an independent during the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season.\n\nSchedule\n\nGame summaries\n\nNotre Dame\n\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n\nCraig Heyward 42 Rush, 132 Yds\n\nRoster\n\nCoaching staff\n\nTeam players drafted into the NFL\n\nReferences\n\nPittsburgh\nPittsburgh Panthers football seasons\nPittsburgh Panthers football", "meta": {"title": "1987 Pittsburgh Panthers football team", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987%20Pittsburgh%20Panthers%20football%20team", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Operaci\u00f3n \u201cTreinta Horas\u201d fue un plan para invadir militarmente Uruguay por parte del Ej\u00e9rcito Brasile\u00f1o \u2014durante el periodo en que las Fuerzas Armadas de ese pa\u00eds conduc\u00edan los destinos de dicha rep\u00fablica\u2014, el cual fue preparado para ser ejecutado en diciembre de 1971, pero solo si el partido de izquierda Frente Amplio hubiese llegado a conseguir la victoria en las elecciones presidenciales uruguayas de ese a\u00f1o. Como esa agrupaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica no obtuvo el triunfo, la acci\u00f3n militar jam\u00e1s fue llevada a cabo, quedando solo en la fase de planificaci\u00f3n.\n\nAntecedentes \n\nA partir de la segunda mitad de la d\u00e9cada del 60, los gobiernos del sur de Sudam\u00e9rica comenzaron a colaborar entre s\u00ed para enfrentar a un nuevo flagelo que estaba alcanzando dimensiones preocupantes: las guerrillas de izquierda, especialmente las urbanas.\n\nEn el a\u00f1o 1971 estaba en el poder de Brasil Em\u00edlio Garrastazu M\u00e9dici, siendo el tercer gobierno militar que se suced\u00eda consecutivamente en el pa\u00eds desde el Golpe de Estado del a\u00f1o 1964 que provoc\u00f3 el derrocamiento de Jo\u00e3o Goulart. Durante su presidencia, M\u00e9dici enfrent\u00f3 severamente a la oposici\u00f3n a su r\u00e9gimen, con represi\u00f3n pol\u00edtica y combatiendo movimientos guerrilleros de izquierda mediante t\u00e9cnicas de espionaje y tortura.\n\nEn consonancia con la pol\u00edtica llevada a cabo por el gobierno de Estados Unidos \u2014presidido por Richard Nixon\u2014 de establecer una lucha anticomunista continental, Brasil buscaba impedir que en los pa\u00edses de la regi\u00f3n se pudieran establecer nuevas experiencias de gobiernos de izquierda que pudiesen obstaculizar sus intereses econ\u00f3micos o que estimulasen la denominada subversi\u00f3n terrorista. De all\u00ed que apoyase en cada pa\u00eds a los partidos pol\u00edticos rivales a los partidos de izquierda o directamente que asistiese veladamente a golpes de estado que intentasen colocar a la cabeza gobiernos anticomunistas, afines a sus ideales y objetivos, por ejemplo, en el golpe de Estado de Hugo Banzer Su\u00e1rez en Bolivia contra el general Juan Jos\u00e9 Torres, o los planes para el golpe contra el gobierno del presidente chileno Salvador Allende. En la Argentina presid\u00eda Alejandro Agust\u00edn Lanusse el tercer gobierno de la dictadura militar denominada Revoluci\u00f3n Argentina.\n\nEn Uruguay estaba concluyendo la presidencia de Jorge Pacheco Areco, a la cual hab\u00eda accedido por ser el vicepresidente del candidato colorado triunfante, el general retirado \u00d3scar Diego Gestido, quien hab\u00eda fallecido en diciembre de 1967, pocos meses despu\u00e9s de asumir su cargo. Pacheco, mediante las medidas prontas de seguridad, hab\u00eda logrado reprimir movimientos sociales y entablado una lucha antisubversiva contra las guerrillas del Movimiento de Liberaci\u00f3n Nacional-Tupamaros. Como constitucionalmente Pacheco no pod\u00eda aspirar a una reelecci\u00f3n, se conform\u00f3 la Uni\u00f3n Nacional Reeleccionista promoviendo una reforma constitucional mediante un plebiscito \u2014simult\u00e1neo con las elecciones del 28 de noviembre de 1971\u2014 para que jur\u00eddicamente se lo habilite, lo cual finalmente no se consigui\u00f3, postul\u00e1ndose paralelamente para presidente el entonces ministro de Ganader\u00eda y Agricultura, Juan Mar\u00eda Bordaberry. \n\nEl temor de Pacheco Areco, de los militares y de los sectores conservadores uruguayos, era que en la elecci\u00f3n triunfase el militar retirado L\u00edber Seregni, candidato por el Frente Amplio, una nueva agrupaci\u00f3n que constitu\u00eda el primer partido pol\u00edtico de izquierda que en el pa\u00eds lograba acumular un caudal de votos significativo y que algunos pron\u00f3sticos daban como posible vencedora, debido a los sondeos de opini\u00f3n de Gallup y las multitudinarias manifestaciones frenteamplistas. Esta fuerza era una alternativa para los cada vez m\u00e1s amplios sectores de izquierda, la cual se erig\u00eda como cu\u00f1a entre el tradicional bipartidismo del pa\u00eds, representado por los partidos Nacional y Colorado. De all\u00ed que se afirm\u00f3 que en julio de ese a\u00f1o Pacheco Areco solicit\u00f3 a Brasil secretamente apoyo militar, si bien el General del Ej\u00e9rcito brasile\u00f1o que lo dijo (Ruy de Paula Couto) alego posteriormente que hab\u00eda sido mal interpretado.\n\nPara los militares al frente del gobierno brasile\u00f1o, la instalaci\u00f3n de un gobierno de izquierda lindante con su frontera sur era calificado como una amenaza a la seguridad nacional. La participaci\u00f3n de exiliados brasile\u00f1os en la campa\u00f1a del Frente Amplio les generaba sospechas de que luego utilizar\u00edan el Uruguay como base para generar revueltas en Brasil que depusieran al gobierno militar. Es que despu\u00e9s del golpe de 1964, el exilio en Uruguay fue la alternativa que emprendieron muchos opositores pol\u00edticos brasile\u00f1os, entre los cuales se contaban militares, sindicalistas y pol\u00edticos, incluyendo figuras destacadas como Leonel Brizola y el presidente depuesto Jo\u00e3o Goulart.\n\nLas elecciones uruguayas fueron vistas como una posible r\u00e9plica del fen\u00f3meno que hab\u00eda ocurrido el a\u00f1o anterior en Chile, con el triunfo para presidente del candidato socialista Salvador Allende, que llev\u00f3 al poder a la coalici\u00f3n de izquierda Unidad Popular. Para el gobierno militar de Brasil, la posibilidad del triunfo de Seregni ser\u00eda una pieza m\u00e1s de la progresiva \"comunizaci\u00f3n\" del subcontinente, la cual deb\u00edan intentar contener, aplicando el concepto de fronteras ideol\u00f3gicas como parte de la \u201cDoctrina de Seguridad Nacional\u201d.\n\nLa operaci\u00f3n sale a la luz \n\nSi bien la informaci\u00f3n sobre la Operaci\u00f3n Treinta Horas fue hecha p\u00fablica mediante las denuncias efectuadas por el exiliado pol\u00edtico brasile\u00f1o Paulo R. Schilling en el semanario uruguayo Marcha, incluso meses antes de la fecha prevista para el inicio de las acciones, solo d\u00e9cadas despu\u00e9s se pudieron entrecruzar datos que confirmar\u00edan los sucesos. Sin embargo, el conocimiento detallado sobre este hecho de la historia latinoamericana todav\u00eda permanece incompleto, ya que a\u00fan se encuentran vedados a los historiadores el an\u00e1lisis de documentos relacionados con la dictadura brasile\u00f1a de 1964, restricci\u00f3n aplicada por los gobiernos civiles de ese pa\u00eds, prorrogando por tiempo indefinido los archivos categorizados como ultrasecretos. De all\u00ed que, para subsanar estas limitaciones, la investigaci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica sobre el tema debi\u00f3 apelar a otras fuentes, entre las que se cuentan, los documentos de la gesti\u00f3n Nixon desclasificados del Departamento de Estado de los Estados Unidos y algunos de Itamaraty, (como la correspondencia reservada del entonces embajador brasile\u00f1o en Uruguay, Luiz Basti\u00e1n Pinto, a su canciller M\u00e1rio Gibson Barbosa) las recopilaciones y e investigaciones de Enrique Serra Padr\u00f3s y de Schilling y los relatos de los que estuvieron envueltos directa o indirectamente en ella, entre los cuales se encuentran los libros de memorias de militares brasile\u00f1os, como el coronel Dickson Melges Grael, el brigadier S\u00e9rgio Luiz Burger y el teniente Marco Pollo Giordani, as\u00ed como la confesi\u00f3n del general retirado brasile\u00f1o Ruy de Paula Couto, efectuada en el programa de televisi\u00f3n \u201cHistorias\u201d (conducido por el periodista Jos\u00e9 Mitchell) en el canal del Grupo RBS de Porto Alegre, Brasil, en una entrevista grabada en noviembre de 2006 y exhibida el 14 de en enero de 2007. Dicho general fue agregado militar en la embajada de Brasil en Montevideo entre 1967 y 1969 y adem\u00e1s ocup\u00f3 la jefatura del Estado Mayor del poderoso III Ej\u00e9rcito, hoy llamado \u201cComando Militar del Sur\u201d.\n\nEl aporte del coronel Grael, quien calific\u00f3 a la Operaci\u00f3n 30 Horas como una aventura injustificada, es especialmente destacado, ya que era oficial del Estado Mayor del Cuartel General de la 2\u00aa Divisi\u00f3n de Caballer\u00eda (subordinada al mando del 3\u00ba Ej\u00e9rcito) y se encontraba desde 1969 en la regi\u00f3n fronteriza con Uruguay. En un determinado momento, la operaci\u00f3n sali\u00f3 de la fase de planificaci\u00f3n y comenzaron a realizarse las etapas iniciales, encomend\u00e1ndole el reconocimiento del \u00e1rea de actuaci\u00f3n y la disposici\u00f3n de las piezas en posici\u00f3n de movilizaci\u00f3n inmediata. Como Grael discrep\u00f3 de la invasi\u00f3n, fue transferido a un plano secundario. A\u00f1os m\u00e1s tarde supo que, de haberse producido la acci\u00f3n militar, se le habr\u00eda adjudicado el mando de la Brigada de Caballer\u00eda Mecanizada. En una ocasi\u00f3n realiz\u00f3 una visita a guarniciones de esa regi\u00f3n fronteriza, en compa\u00f1\u00eda de un representante del Estado Mayor del Ej\u00e9rcito (el coronel Newton \u00c1lvarez Rodr\u00edguez) y del general Arthur Moreira, quien era el agregado militar de Estados Unidos, sospechando Grael que era parte del seguimiento ejercido por el Gobierno de Estados Unidos a los preparativos militares brasile\u00f1os y al escenario en que se planeaba la operaci\u00f3n.\n\nIgualmente, falta a\u00fan por desclasificar importante informaci\u00f3n que permita asegurar el grado de conocimiento y rol que cada parte interviniente ten\u00eda de la operaci\u00f3n, en especial probar que los gobiernos estadounidense, argentino, uruguayo y brasile\u00f1o la apoyaban, ya que las pruebas que se tienen, para algunos, no permiten confirmarlo. La hip\u00f3tesis planteada por Grael es que la operaci\u00f3n estaba siendo desarrollada exclusivamente en el \u00e1mbito del 3\u00ba Ej\u00e9rcito, sin el conocimiento oficial de la Marina y de la Aeron\u00e1utica. No queda claro si se hac\u00eda con la anuencia del presidente M\u00e9dici o si le ser\u00eda posteriormente presentada, una vez finalizada su elaboraci\u00f3n.\n\nSeg\u00fan el general Ruy de Paul Couto, no se planific\u00f3 combates entre los ej\u00e9rcitos brasile\u00f1o y uruguayo, sino que hab\u00eda un entendimiento entre ambos para operar de manera conjunta.\n\nEl plan \n\nEl comandante de la 3.\u00aa Regi\u00f3n Militar del Ej\u00e9rcito Brasile\u00f1o (la cual tiene sede en Porto Alegre, Estado del R\u00edo Grande del Sur), general Breno Borges Fortes, ya ten\u00eda sus tropas desplegadas junto a la frontera con Uruguay. El plan consist\u00eda en dar la orden de que cruzar el l\u00edmite y, mediante una acci\u00f3n militar, invadir la rep\u00fablica uruguaya en un ataque de tipo rel\u00e1mpago. Esta operaci\u00f3n era conocida en los c\u00edrculos militares brasile\u00f1os, argentinos y en el Departamento de Estado de los Estados Unidos, con el nombre de \u201cTreinta Horas\u201d, t\u00edtulo que precisamente se relacionaba al tiempo en que los estrategas brasile\u00f1os estimaron adecuado para que su ej\u00e9rcito lograse ocupar la totalidad del territorio uruguayo, anulando cualquier intento de resistencia, ateni\u00e9ndose a que si la operaci\u00f3n les demandase m\u00e1s tiempo, sobrevendr\u00edan fuertes reacciones internacionales, por lo que una acci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida dejar\u00eda a la comunidad de naciones frente a la circunstancia de un hecho consumado y no con una situaci\u00f3n a\u00fan abierta. \n\nLa intervenci\u00f3n militar fulminante finalmente hubiese concluido con el traspaso del poder a manos de un gobierno de facto civil no izquierdista (por ejemplo, manteniendo en el poder a Pacheco Areco) o directamente a un gobierno militar local, puesto que el n\u00facleo de oficiales uruguayos que se aglutinaban en la logia \u201cTenientes de Artigas\u201d estaban urdiendo un plan de golpe de Estado, para evitar que el Frente Amplio asuma el poder. Uruguay quedar\u00eda como una suerte de \u201cprotectorado\u201d, una tutela de hermanos mayores, seg\u00fan palabras del general Hugo Bethlem. La operaci\u00f3n habr\u00eda contado con la anuencia o, cuanto menos, el conocimiento de Estados Unidos, pa\u00eds que sin embargo guardaba ciertos reparos, ya que la misma pod\u00eda provocar un conflicto con una potencia vecina, puesto que el presidente del gobierno militar argentino, el General Lanusse, se inclinaba por apoyar solo un autogolpe de Pacheco. Tanto Nixon como Lanusse se opon\u00edan a cualquier intento de anexi\u00f3n de Uruguay por Brasil, objetivo que era el buscado por Itamaraty seg\u00fan Schilling, pero que fue negado por Grael.\n\nSeregni afirm\u00f3 que obten\u00edan informaci\u00f3n del plan brasile\u00f1o por parte de los soldados de ese pa\u00eds que cruzaban al lado uruguayo para visitar las boites de Rivera y de Santana do Livramento. Las tropas brasile\u00f1as quedaron acantonadas en la frontera uruguaya hasta el mismo d\u00eda de los comicios. Como Seregni perdi\u00f3 las elecciones, la ejecuci\u00f3n del plan no fue necesaria, aunque se postul\u00f3 que igualmente Brasil logr\u00f3 imponer un candidato af\u00edn \u201cama\u00f1ando la elecci\u00f3n\u201d. Finalmente, fue elegido presidente Bordaberry, el candidato del Partido Colorado, gracias a la ley de lemas, ya que hab\u00eda obtenido menos votos que el candidato del Partido Nacional, Wilson Ferreira Aldunate.\n\nPosteriormente, en menos de dos a\u00f1os, los militares uruguayos concluir\u00edan el golpe de Estado el 27 de junio de 1973 e instaurar\u00edan un largo gobierno militar, inici\u00e1ndolo con un autogolpe del propio Bordaberry.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n Teor\u00eda del fraude electoral en Uruguay en 1971\n\nReferencias \n \n\nBrasil en 1971\nDictadura de Brasil 1964-1985\nHistoria militar de Brasil\nIntervenciones de Estados Unidos en Am\u00e9rica Latina\nRelaciones Brasil-Uruguay\nUruguay en 1971\nGuerras de Uruguay", "meta": {"title": "Operaci\u00f3n Treinta Horas", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaci%C3%B3n%20Treinta%20Horas", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vargavinter \u00e4r termen f\u00f6r en ovanligt kall och h\u00e5rd vinter. Begreppet kan ocks\u00e5 avse:\n\nVargavinter (musikgrupp) \u2013 en svensk folk- och v\u00e4rldsmusikgrupp\nVargavinter (musikalbum) \u2013  svenska v\u00e4rldsmusikgruppen Vargavinters debutalbum\nVargavinter (bok) \u2013 en bok av f\u00f6rfattaren Nevada Barr, amerikanska originalets titel \"Winter study\"", "meta": {"title": "Vargavinter", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vargavinter", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u041d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0437 \u0445\u043e\u043a\u0435\u044e 1963 \u2014 46-\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u041d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0437 \u0445\u043e\u043a\u0435\u044e, \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0456\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0425\u041a \u0424\u044e\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043d.\n\n\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0437\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u044c, \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0448\u043e\u0432 \u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0435\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0441\u0456\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0456, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0456. \u041e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0443 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0435\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0456.\n\n\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044f \n\n\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f: \u041c = \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435, \u0406 = \u0456\u0433\u0440\u0438, \u041f\u0435\u0440 = \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u041d = \u043d\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0457, \u041f\u043e\u0440 = \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u0428 = \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0448\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0438, \u041e = \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438\n\n\u0424\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0434 \n\n\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f: \u041c = \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435, \u0406 = \u0456\u0433\u0440\u0438, \u041f\u0435\u0440 = \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u041d = \u043d\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0457, \u041f\u043e\u0440 = \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u0428 = \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0448\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0438, \u041e = \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438\n\n\u0412\u0442\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0434 \n\n\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f: \u041c = \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435, \u0406 = \u0456\u0433\u0440\u0438, \u041f\u0435\u0440 = \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u041d = \u043d\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0457, \u041f\u043e\u0440 = \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u0428 = \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0448\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0438, \u041e = \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438\n\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0447 \n \u0415\u0412 \u041b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0441\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u2014 \u0410\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0442 (\u0414\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0434) 4:2, 5:4\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0456 \u043f\u043e \u043b\u0456\u043d\u0456\u044f\u0445\n\n\u0411\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0438\n\n\u0417\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438\n\n\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432 \n\u0425\u041a \u0424\u044e\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043d:\n \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456: \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0440\u0456 \u041b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0440, \u0413\u044e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u041a\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0441\n \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u041f\u0430\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0410\u043c\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0428\u0432\u0456\u043c\u0431\u0435\u043a, \u041b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0412\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043b\u044c, \u0425\u0430\u043d\u0441-\u0419\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u041d\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0420\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444 \u0421\u0456\u043c\u043e\u043d\n \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u0417\u0456\u0433\u0444\u0440\u0456\u0434 \u0428\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442, \u0415\u0440\u043d\u0441\u0442 \u041a\u0435\u043f\u0444, \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0413\u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440, \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0428\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446, \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0443\u0442 \u0414\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0456, \u0415\u0440\u043d\u0441\u0442 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0439\u043d, \u0420\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444 \u0413\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0440, \u0412\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u041a\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0442\u0446, \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0425\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0433\n \u0422\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440: \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0441 \u0415\u0433\u0435\u043d\n\n\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n Stephan M\u00fcller, Deutsche Eishockey Meisterschaften, Print on Demand, 2000, ISBN 3-8311-0997-4\n Steffen Karas, 100 Jahre Eishockey in Berlin, Verlag Jeske / Mader, 2008, ISBN 978-3-931624-57-6\n\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \n http://books.google.com.ua/books?id=BAggLLu8320C&pg=PA9&lpg=PA9&dq=Spengler+Cup+1924&source=bl&ots=CvT62-vc-f&sig=tE5TggZCLF4f-xI9hz4GaI3jZps&hl=uk&sa=X&ei=aG6eUY3QFIKjtAaJqYGoBQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Spengler%20Cup%201924&f=false \n \u0425\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0432 \n\n\u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u041d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0437 \u0445\u043e\u043a\u0435\u044e\n\u041d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\n\u041d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u041d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0437 \u0445\u043e\u043a\u0435\u044e 1962\u20141963", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%20%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%20%D0%B7%20%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%8E%201962%E2%80%941963", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bohumil \u017ddichynec (* 17. srpna 1942 Pr\u010dice) je \u010desk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159, v\u011bdeck\u00fd pracovn\u00edk, spisovatel a b\u00e1sn\u00edk, autor popul\u00e1rn\u00edch i v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed z l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho oboru a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd, literatury faktu a b\u00e1snick\u00fdch sb\u00edrek.\n\n\u017divot \nPo absolvov\u00e1n\u00ed L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze a postgradu\u00e1ln\u00ed specializaci se stal odborn\u00fdm internistou a sekund\u00e1rn\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159em, pozd\u011bji prim\u00e1\u0159em v nemocnic\u00edch v Jiho\u010desk\u00e9m a V\u00fdchodo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji. V klinick\u00e9 praxi se zab\u00fdval hlavn\u011b problematikou civiliza\u010dn\u00edch chorob. Pracoval ve v\u00fdboru \u010cesk\u00e9 gerontologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Jako v\u011bdeck\u00fd pracovn\u00edk p\u016fsobil na klinick\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu balneologick\u00e9ho v Karlov\u00fdch Varech, kde publikoval v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se transportem miner\u00e1l\u016f st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bnou, p\u016fsoben\u00edm st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry a \u00fa\u010dinkem lok\u00e1ln\u00edch gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00edch hormon\u016f a st\u0159evn\u00edch endorfin\u016f. V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed etap\u011b se zab\u00fdval speci\u00e1ln\u00ed problematikou rehabilitace c\u00e9vn\u00edch mozkov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edhod, stal se prim\u00e1\u0159em a \u0159editelem \u00dastavu pro c\u00e9vn\u00ed choroby mozkov\u00e9 v Chot\u011bbo\u0159i, dal impulz ke konstituov\u00e1n\u00ed celost\u00e1tn\u00edho Sdru\u017een\u00ed pro rehabilitaci osob po c\u00e9vn\u00ed mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhod\u011b a ze za\u010d\u00e1tku se pod\u00edlel na jeho \u010dinnosti. Pozd\u011bji spoluzalo\u017eil v Praze klinicko-laboratorn\u00ed institut Bioregena s prvn\u00ed servisn\u00ed dopravn\u00ed laboratorn\u00ed slu\u017ebou pro priv\u00e1tn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159e v Praze a okol\u00ed a byl jeho l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdm \u0159editelem. Nyn\u00ed pracje jako odborn\u00fd internista l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho centra Polikliniky I. P. Pavlova v Praze. S man\u017eelkou Jitkou, \u017eenskou l\u00e9ka\u0159kou, \u017eije v Praze.\n\nD\u00edlo \nPublikoval p\u0159es 300 v\u011bdeck\u00fdch a odborn\u00fdch prac\u00ed, mimo jin\u00e9 i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed (\u0160v\u00fdcarsko, Francie, N\u011bmecko, USA), a n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich byly ocen\u011bny presti\u017en\u00edmi cenami \u2013 nap\u0159. cenou \u010cesk\u00e9 fyziatrick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti roku 1971 nebo cenou \u010cesk\u00e9 rehabilita\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti roku 1991 a dal\u0161\u00edmi. V\u011bnuje se i popularizaci v\u011bdy, a v tomto oboru napsal p\u0159es t\u0159icet knih.\n\nVedle l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 praxe je i spisovatelem a b\u00e1sn\u00edkem, \u010dlenem Obce spisovatel\u016f, autorem \u0159ady b\u00e1snick\u00fdch sb\u00edrek. Publikuje tak\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky. eseje, b\u00e1sn\u011b a pov\u00eddky v novin\u00e1ch a \u010dasopisech. Prvn\u00ed jeho ver\u0161e se objevily roku 1966 v poetick\u00e9 vin\u00e1rn\u011b Viola v Praze v po\u0159adu Ver\u0161e naboso v pod\u00e1n\u00ed Radovana Lukavsk\u00e9ho, ale jeho sb\u00edrka Zvuky do pr\u00e1zdna nakonec po roce 1968 nevy\u0161la.\n\nV\u00fdb\u011brov\u00e1 bibliografie\n\nOdborn\u00e9 a popul\u00e1rn\u011b nau\u010dn\u00e9 knihy \n Progn\u00f3za srde\u010dn\u00edho infarktu se z\u0159etelem na rizkov\u00e9ho \u010dinitele (1974)\n \u010clov\u011bk, pr\u00e1ce a zdrav\u00ed  (1986)\n \u017dena je stvo\u0159ena pro l\u00e1sku (1991). Kniha p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed informace a rady \u017een\u00e1m ka\u017ed\u00e9ho v\u011bku o mnoha v\u011bcech, kter\u00e9 je prov\u00e1zej\u00ed po cel\u00fd \u017eivot.\n Jak pom\u00e1hat posti\u017een\u00fdm p\u0159i mozkov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edhod\u00e1ch (1991)\n L\u00e9\u010ditelsk\u00e1 kucha\u0159ka (1991), zdrav\u00e1 strava bez pov\u011br, kouzel a p\u0159edsudk\u016f\n Praktick\u00fd rodinn\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 (1994)\n Rodinn\u00e1 encyklopedie zdrav\u00ed (1998), spoluato\u0159i John Kissneyllbecher a Jaroslav Pek\u00e1rek.\n Tajemstv\u00ed mozku (2002)\n Astromedic\u00edna pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho (2004)\n \u010clov\u011bk, viry a pta\u010d\u00ed ch\u0159ipka (2006)\n Chlamydie: skryt\u00e1 hrozba v t\u011ble (2009)\n L\u00e9ka\u0159em sob\u011b (2011)\n T\u0159et\u00ed medic\u00edna, aneb, Perspektivn\u00ed cesta k \u017eivotu (2016)\n Zn\u00e1me sami sebe? (2016)\n Pozapomenut\u00ed Jiho\u010de\u0161i (2021), spoluautor Vladim\u00edr Novotn\u00fd\n\nB\u00e1snick\u00e9 sb\u00edrky \n Soukrom\u00e9 Ben\u00e1tky (1987)\n Orfe\u016fv n\u00e1vrat (1990)\n Bell ami (1990)\n Syndrom Titaniku (1991)\n Tanec v pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9m s\u00e1le (1996), sb\u00edrka byla vyd\u00e1na v Mnichov\u011b v nakladatelstv\u00ed Obrys/Kontur-PmD.\n 24 hodin v t\u011ble anti\u010dlov\u011bka (2001)\n Na hranici \u017eivota (2002)\n \u017d\u00edze\u0148 v srdci sp\u00edc\u00ed, aneb, Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt b\u00e1sn\u00edkem (2015)\n Blues pro lidsk\u00e1 srdce (2016)\n Hamlet v tekut\u00e9 dob\u011b (2017)\n Hranatej sv\u011bt (2018)\n Srdce v mrakodrapu (2019)\n Noe odpo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 dny (2020)\n Bezejmenn\u00fd Sokrat\u00e9s (2021)\n\nPr\u00f3za \n Stopy v srdci (2017), prom\u011bna \u010dlov\u011bka a krajiny ve sv\u011btle genealogie jiho\u010desk\u00e9ho rodu\n O \u010dlov\u011bku jinak: tajenka a k\u0159\u00ed\u017eovka \u017eivota (2018), eseje\n Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed (2019), pov\u00eddky\n Rubikova kostka \u017eivota (2020)\n O Hled\u00e1n\u00ed a nal\u00e9z\u00e1n\u00ed (2021), spoluautorka Olga Nytrov\u00e1\n\nOdkazy\n\nReference\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n \n Bohumil \u017ddichynec - Dialog ba cest\u011b\n Mementa i vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edka \u017ddichynce - Novinky.cz\n Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed \u2013 nov\u00e1 kniha liter\u00e1rn\u00edho oboj\u017eiveln\u00edka Bohumila \u017ddichynce - Liter\u00e1rn\u00ed noviny\n\n\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i\n\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edci\nNarozen\u00ed v Sedlci-Pr\u010dic\u00edch\nNarozen\u00ed v roce 1942\nNarozen\u00ed 17. srpna\n\u017dij\u00edc\u00ed lid\u00e9\nMu\u017ei", "meta": {"title": "Bohumil \u017ddichynec", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohumil%20%C5%BDdichynec", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ermer ist der Familienname folgender Personen:\n\n Adolf Ermer (1939\u20132010), deutscher Fu\u00dfballschiedsrichter\n Anneliese Ermer, deutsche Psychiaterin\n Christian Ermer (1786\u20131855), deutscher Kupferstecher\n Franz Ermer (1886\u20131976), deutscher Maler, Grafiker und Zeichner", "meta": {"title": "Ermer", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermer", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Boulogne-Billancourt je m\u011bsto v z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti metropolitn\u00ed oblasti Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee ve Francii v departmentu Hauts-de-Seine a regionu \u00cele-de-France. Od centra Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee je vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 8,2 km.\n\nEkonomika \nBoulogne-Billancourt je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm centrem regionu, m\u00e1 zde s\u00eddlo mnoho spole\u010dnost\u00ed:\n Renault\n TF1\n Monoprix\n Henkel\n Thomson\n\nVzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed \n \u00c9cole sup\u00e9rieure des sciences commerciales d'Angers\n\nFakultn\u00ed nemocnice \n H\u00f4pital Ambroise-Par\u00e9\n\nV\u00fdvoj po\u010dtu obyvatel \nPo\u010det obyvatel\n\nOsobnosti m\u011bsta \n Andr\u00e9 Glucksmann (1937\u20132015), filozof\n Manu Chao (* 1961), zp\u011bv\u00e1k\n Jean-Baptiste Cl\u00e9ment (1836-1903), \u0161ansoni\u00e9r\n Anna Gavalda (* 1970), \u017eurnalistka a spisovatelka\n Marc Gicquel (* 1977), tenista\n France Rumilly (* 1939), here\u010dka\n \u00c9milie Loitov\u00e1 (* 1979), tenistka\n Mathilde Johanssonov\u00e1 (* 1985), tenistka\n\nPartnersk\u00e1 m\u011bsta \n  Anderlecht, Belgie, 1955\n  Berl\u00edn-Neuk\u00f6lln, N\u011bmecko, 1955\n  Hammersmith a Fulham, Lond\u00fdn Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, 1955\n  Irving, Texas, USA, 1993\n  Marino, It\u00e1lie, 1968\n  Pan\u010devo, Srbsko, 1968\n  Ra'anana, Izrael, 1968\n  S\u00fasa, Tunisko, 1993\n  Zaanstad, Nizozemsko, 1955\n\nReference\n\nSouvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky \n Seznam obc\u00ed v departementu Hauts-de-Seine\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n\n \nM\u011bsta v \u00cele-de-France\nObce v departementu Hauts-de-Seine\nFrancouzsk\u00e9 podprefektury", "meta": {"title": "Boulogne-Billancourt", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boulogne-Billancourt", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "In enzymology, an aminoimidazolase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction\n\n4-aminoimidazole + H2O  unidentified product + NH3\n\nThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 4-aminoimidazole and H2O, whereas its two products are unidentified product and NH3.\n\nThis enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in cyclic amidines.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-aminoimidazole aminohydrolase. This enzyme is also called 4-aminoimidazole hydrolase.  This enzyme participates in purine metabolism.  It employs one cofactor, iron.\n\nReferences \n\n \n\nEC 3.5.4\nIron enzymes\nEnzymes of unknown structure", "meta": {"title": "Aminoimidazolase", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoimidazolase", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Leche de gallina puede referirse a:\n el nombre com\u00fan de la planta Ornithogalum pyrenaicum.\n el nombre com\u00fan de la planta Ornithogalum umbellatum.", "meta": {"title": "Leche de gallina", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leche%20de%20gallina", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sonoi Keiko (, eigentlich Hakamada Tomi (); geboren 6. August 1913 in Matsuo (Heute: Hachimantai), Pr\u00e4fektur Iwate; gestorben 21. August 1945 in Kobe) war eine japanische Schauspielerin. In den 1930er und 1940er Jahren war sie eine bekannte Pers\u00f6nlichkeit und Darstellerin der Takarazuka Revue. Sie starb an radioaktiver Verstrahlung infolge des Atombombenabwurfs auf Hiroshima.\n\nLeben und Wirken \n\nKeiko wurde 1913 als erste Tochter von Seikichi Hakamada, der einen S\u00fc\u00dfwarenladen besa\u00df, und seiner Frau Kame in Matsuo geboren. Ihr Gro\u00dfvater war der erste B\u00fcrgermeister von Matsuo. Als er starb, zog die Familie nach Kawaguchi, wo ihr Vater begann S\u00fc\u00dfwaren zu produzieren, die er in seinem eigenen Gesch\u00e4ft verkaufte. In Kawaguchi besuchte Keiko f\u00fcr eine Weile die M\u00e4dchen-Grundschule, bevor sie nach Morioka zur Familie ihres Onkels Tasuke zog. Mit der Familie des Onkels zog sie nach Otaru Hokkaid\u014d, wo sie ab 1927 die M\u00e4dchen-Oberschule besuchte.\n\nIhr im Familienstammbuch (Koseki) eingetragener richtiger Vorname Tomi war den anderen Kindern Anlass sie mit der Zeile iyasa, O-tomi (, etwa: \u201ewiderlicher Geldsack\u201c) aus dem Kabuki-St\u00fcck Yowa Nasake Ukina no Yokogushi () zu h\u00e4nseln. Deshalb nahm Keiko den Vornamen Hideko an, unter dem sie auch in ihrer Zeit bei der Takarazuka-Revue bekannt war.\n\nAusbildung \nAus M\u00e4dchenzeitschriften erfuhr Keiko von der Takarazuka-Revue, in der ausschlie\u00dflich Frauen auftraten und in der auch die M\u00e4nnerrollen von Frauen gespielt wurden. Sie fand in einem Antiquariat eine Ausgabe der Zeitschrift Kageki, die von einem Frauen-Tanztheater der Takarazuka-Truppe Shimai-za in Otaru berichtete, woraufhin sie sich entschloss Schauspielerin im Takarazuka zu werden. 1928 brach sie kurz vor ihrem Abschluss die Schule ab und kehrte nach Kawaguchi zu ihrer Familie zur\u00fcck. Die Familie und ihre Verwandten waren jedoch gegen ihre Pl\u00e4ne Schauspielerin beim Takarazuka zu werden. Entschlossen machte sich Keiko alleine auf den Weg nach \u014csaka, um an der Aufnahmepr\u00fcfung f\u00fcr die \u201eTakarazuka Musik- und Schauspielschule\u201c (, Takarazuka Ongaku Kageki Gakk\u014d) teilzunehmen. Die Aufnahmepr\u00fcfungen waren zu diesem Zeitpunkt schon beendet, doch durch eine Sonderpr\u00fcfung konnte Keiko an einem Vorbereitungskurs f\u00fcr die Schule teilnehmen. In der Schule teilte sie ihr Zimmer mit Hisako Sakura (1914\u20132002) und Keiko Yashiro, die beide gute Freundinnen von Keiko wurden.\n\n1930 wurde Keiko regul\u00e4re Sch\u00fclerin der Schule und Mitglied der Hanagumi, der \u201eBlumengruppe\u201c. Bei ihrem ersten Auftritt in der Revue Haru no odori () im April 1930 verwendete sie den B\u00fchnennamen Kiyono Kasanui, doch bereits im Dezember wechselte sie ihren B\u00fchnenamen in Keiko Sonoi. Im M\u00e4rz 1931 schloss sie die Schule ab und wurde daraufhin Mitglied der Tsukigumi, \u201eMondgruppe\u201c. Im August \u00fcbernahm sie ungeplant die Rolle der Mutter in Hans und die Bohnenranke, Fassung von Tetsuz\u014d Shirai, was bei den Kritikern sehr gut ankam. Zwei Monate sp\u00e4ter, im Oktober, \u00fcbernahm Keiko die Rolle der Torw\u00e4chterin in Tetsuz\u014ds St\u00fcck \u201eLilac Time\u201c, was ihr ein au\u00dferordentliches Lob von Kobayashi Ichiz\u014d, dem Geldgeber der Takarazuka-Revue einbrachte. In der Folgezeit \u00fcbernahm sie in komischen Schaust\u00fccken Nebenrollen wie die der alten Frau, der Ehefrau eines Edelmannes etc.\n\nTakarazuka \n\n1934 spielte Keiko dann als Mutter in dem St\u00fcck \u201eL'Arl\u00e9sienne\u201c (, Aruru no onna) in der Hauptrolle Mutter Rose. Das St\u00fcck wurde ein gro\u00dfer Hit, sodass es sp\u00e4ter im ganzen Land adaptiert und aufgef\u00fchrt wurde. Von 1938 an wirkte Keiko auch als Schauspielerin in Filmen der Filmgesellschaft Takarazuka Eiz\u014d Co. Ltd. (), die 1941 wieder geschlossen wurde. In den drei Jahre ihres Bestehens spielte Keiko in Filmen wie Aikoku daigakusei (, etwa: \u201eDer patriotische Student\u201c), Yama to sh\u014djo (, 1939), Yukiwaris\u014d (, 1939) und Minami j\u016bjisei (, etwa: \u201eKreuz des S\u00fcdens\u201c) u. a. mit.\n\n1942 hatte Keiko im Yurakuza (), einem Theater in Hibiya, Tokio zusammen mit Hideko Takamine, die bei der T\u014dh\u014d Filmgesellschaft unter Vertrag stand in der Truppe von Roppa Furukawa einen Gastauftritt. In dieser Zeit entschloss sich Keiko sich dem Shingeki, dem neuen Theater, anzuschlie\u00dfen. Shigenori Utsumi (1915\u20131999), eine der f\u00fchrenden Pers\u00f6nlichkeiten des Takarazuka, der St\u00fcck f\u00fcr die Revue schrieb, hatte Keiko f\u00fcr die Hauptrolle in der kommenden Saison eingeplant. Die daraufhin gef\u00fchrten Verhandlungen endeten damit, dass Keiko das Takarazuka ohne Abfindung verlie\u00df.\n\n1943 spielte Keiko zusammen mit Band\u014d Tsumasabur\u014d (1901\u20131953), der zu diesem Zeitpunkt schon ein Filmstar war, in Hiroshi Inagakis Film Muh\u014dmatsu no issh\u014d (, dt. \u201eDer Rikschamann\u201c) auf. In diesem Film spielt Band\u014d einen armen Rikscha-Fahrer Matsugoro, dessen Dienste eines Tages von einem Ehepaar in Anspruch genommen werden, um ihren verletzten Sohn Toshio zum Arzt zu bringen. Als der Vater des Jungen stirbt, \u00fcbernimmt Matsugoro die Vaterrolle f\u00fcr den Jungen und verliebt sich heimlich in die Mutter Yoshioko, gespielt von Keiko. Urspr\u00fcnglich sollte Fukuko Sayo (1909\u20131989) die Rolle \u00fcbernehmen, doch sie fiel aufgrund einer Schwangerschaft aus, empfahl jedoch Keiko f\u00fcr die Rolle. Obgleich die Zensur 10 Minuten aus dem Film strich, wurde er ein Erfolg. Obwohl Keiko ein Vertragsangebot erhielt, entschied sie sich in der Theatertruppe Kuraku-za () mitzuwirken. Die Kuraku-za war im Juli 1942, kurz bevor Keiko das Takarazuka verlie\u00df, von Kenji Susugkida (1898\u20131972), Sadao Maruyama (1901\u20131945), Kamatari Fujiwara (1905\u20131985) und Musei Tokugawa (1894\u20131971) gegr\u00fcndet worden.\n\nKuraku-za und Sakuratai \n\nKeiko spielte zun\u00e4chst in drei St\u00fccken mit. Zuerst in Kazuo Ozakis Genkanburo (), danach war sie 1943 in Yume no su () zu sehen. Im Anschluss spielte sie erneut, dieses Mal in einer B\u00fchnenfassung von Muh\u014dmatsu no issh\u014d, das im Marunouchi Piccadilly aufgef\u00fchrt wurde und mit dem die Truppe bis Dezember 1944 durch die Kansai-Region reiste. Als sie Tour im Dezember zu Ende ging, intensivierten die Alliierten die Luftangriffe auf Tokio und die Lebensmittelversorgung wurde schwieriger. Die Kuraku-Truppe entschied sich aufzul\u00f6sen, doch Maruyama \u00fcberzeugte die Mitglieder wieder auf Tour zu gehen. Aus der Kuraku-za wurde daraufhin die \u201emobile Kuraku-za\u201c (, Kuraku-za id\u014dtai). Zur Truppe kamen neue Mitglieder hinzu, sodass sie aus insgesamt 17 Personen bestand. Als die neu geformte Theatertruppe in Morioka, wo Kaneko bei ihrem Onkel gewohnt hatte, das St\u00fcck Shishi (, etwa: \u201eL\u00f6we\u201c) von Miyoshi J\u016br\u014d probte, gaben sie sich provisorisch den Namen Sakuratai (). Nach dem Luftangriff auf die Nakajima-Flugzeugwerke in Tokio am 4. und 5. Dezember 1944 entschied der \u201eVerband der Wanderschauspielgruppen\u201c (), dass Auftritte in Tokio zu gef\u00e4hrlichen w\u00fcrden und wies den einzelnen Gruppen St\u00e4dte mit Luftschutzeinrichtungen zu. F\u00fcr die Evakuierung der Sakuratai wurde Hiroshima und Umgebung festgelegt.\n\nKeiko wollte jedoch in Tokio bleiben und bem\u00fchte sich, um bleiben zu k\u00f6nnen um eine Filmrolle beim Toho Filmstudio. Als sie abgelehnt wurde, ging sie am 22. Juni 1945 mit der  Sakuratai-Truppe ohne Yasushi Nagata und Jun Tatara, die vom Milit\u00e4r eingezogen wurden, nach Hiroshima. Die Truppe spielte drei St\u00fccke in Hiroshima und tourte in die umliegende St\u00e4dte der San\u2019in-Region. Bei ihrer letzten Tour erkrankte Murayama ungl\u00fccklicherweise an einer Rippenfellentz\u00fcndung, woraufhin die Truppe vorzeitig nach Hiroshima zur\u00fcckfuhr. Ikeda Seiji trennte sich von der Truppe und fuhr nach Numazu, um nach dessen Bombardierung nach seiner Familie zu sehen. Auch der Leiter der Sakuratai Kokichi Makimura und drei weitere Personen verlie\u00dfen Hiroshima, sodass Keiko mit neun Mitgliedern in ihrem B\u00fcro im Horikawa zur\u00fcckblieb.\n\nAls am 6. August 1945 um 8:16 Uhr die Atombombe auf Hiroshima fiel, waren die Mitglieder der Sakuratai gerade mit dem Fr\u00fchst\u00fcck fertig und zogen sich in ihre Zimmer zur\u00fcck, w\u00e4hrend Keiko sich aufmachte Essen zu den Nakais zu bringen. Die Explosion schleuderte Keiko aus dem Haus ins Freie, wo sie bewusstlos, aber ohne erkennbare \u00e4u\u00dfere Verletzungen liegen blieb. F\u00fcnf Mitglieder der Truppe starben unmittelbar bei der Explosion im Haus. Als sie zu sich kam, fand sie Sh\u014dz\u014d Takayama, den leicht verletzten Sohn von Kenji Susukida, mit dem sie zum Berg Hiji floh. Keiko und Takayama fuhren von dort mit dem Zug zu den Nakais in Kobe, w\u00e4hrend Sadao Maruyama und Midori Naka getrennt voneinander den Ort des Geschehens verlie\u00dfen und an verschiedenen Orten untergebracht wurden.\n\nAm 15. August erfuhr Keiko bei den Nakais vom Ende des Krieges. In den folgenden Tagen litt Keiko an inneren Blutungen und Wahnvorstellungen. Ihr Zustand verschlechterte sich rapide und das Fieber stieg auf 40 Grad an, sodass sie am 21. August um Alter von 32 Jahren starb. Keikos Leichnam wurde kremiert und auf dem Gel\u00e4nde des Onry\u016b-ji in Morioka bestattet.\n\nMit ihr starben infolge des Atombombenabwurfs auch Tsuyako Shimaki, Sadao Maruyama, Midori Naka und Sh\u014dz\u014d Takayama, mit dem sie aus Hiroshima geflohen war.\n\nAnmerkungen\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\n \n \n \n \n\nTheaterschauspieler\nPerson (Atombombenabwurf auf Hiroshima)\nTakarazuka\nJapaner\nGeboren 1913\nGestorben 1945\nFrau", "meta": {"title": "Sonoi Keiko", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoi%20Keiko", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Igon (wym. []) \u2013 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 i gmina we Francji, w regionie Nowa Akwitania, w departamencie Pireneje Atlantyckie.\n\nWed\u0142ug danych na rok 1990 gmin\u0119 zamieszkiwa\u0142y 792 osoby, a g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 zaludnienia wynosi\u0142a 149\u00a0os\u00f3b/km\u00b2 (w\u015br\u00f3d 2290 gmin Akwitanii Igon plasuje si\u0119 na 523. miejscu pod wzgl\u0119dem liczby ludno\u015bci, natomiast pod wzgl\u0119dem powierzchni na miejscu 1406.).\n\nBibliografia \n \n\nMiejscowo\u015bci w departamencie Pireneje Atlantyckie", "meta": {"title": "Igon", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igon", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Neoferdina \u00e4r ett sl\u00e4kte av sj\u00f6stj\u00e4rnor. Neoferdina ing\u00e5r i familjen Ophidiasteridae. \n\nKladogram enligt Catalogue of Life:\n\nBildgalleri\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\nSj\u00f6stj\u00e4rnor\nNeoferdina", "meta": {"title": "Neoferdina", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoferdina", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "est une s\u00e9rie d'OAV japonais sortie en 1997.\n\nSynopsis\nNekki Basara, le chanteur mythique du groupe \"Fire Bomber\" d\u00e9cide de partir pour la plan\u00e8te Zora. L\u00e0 bas, il est t\u00e9moin d'un vol de Valkyrie et comme \u00e0 son habitude: il tentera d'y mettre un terme...\n\n\u00c9pisodes\n Wonder ( \u6f02\u6d41 )\n Cemetery ( \u5893\u5834 )\n Lonesome ( \u5b64\u72ec )\n [Singing Planet of the Galactic Whales] Zola (\u9280\u6cb3\u30af\u30b8\u30e9\u306e\u6b4c\u3046\u661f)\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes\n Site officiel\n \n\nFilm japonais sorti en 1997\nFilm d'animation japonais\nFilm de science-fiction japonais\nFilm Macross\nAnimation r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par Production Reed\nOriginal video animation", "meta": {"title": "Macross Dynamite 7", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macross%20Dynamite%207", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Blandin telep\u00fcl\u00e9s Franciaorsz\u00e1gban, Is\u00e8re megy\u00e9ben.\n\nN\u00e9pess\u00e9g\nA telep\u00fcl\u00e9s n\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9nek v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sa:\n\nJegyzetek\n\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k\n\nIs\u00e8re megye telep\u00fcl\u00e9sei\nBottal l\u00e9trehozott francia telep\u00fcl\u00e9s cikkek", "meta": {"title": "Blandin", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blandin", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Coast to Coast Tickets is an American online marketer of event tickets, also known as a ticket broker, operating in the secondary ticket market.  The company is based in Chicago, Illinois.\n\nCoast to Coast Tickets entered the Ticket News Top 20 Secondary Ticket Sellers list at #13 in March 2007, and holding the #4 position as of April 4, 2009.\n\nHistory\n\nCoast to Coast's founder first began selling tickets in the late nineties while studying at the University of Missouri, a community with a strong local market for tickets , but without the size and population to attract established brokers.\n\nIn 2000, Coast to Coast Tickets was officially founded, and the name was trademarked in 2001. The business expanded over the next few years. Occupying a small home-based office before moving to an old church building, then finally converting to a larger office building in Austin, TX. Sales grew as well, grossing $2.6 million in revenue in 2004, and $8.7 million in 2005, for a 3-year growth rate of 915.4%.\n\nIn 2004, the Coast to Coast website went through a significant redesign, its goal to add an elevated level of customer service to the secondary ticket market by including concert and sports schedules, artist and team biographies, and event guides for cities and venues throughout the world. Over the same period, the size of the team was tripled, bringing in full and part-time help to provide telephone support. In 2005, the company grew again when Jason Randall (formerly of the Boston Consulting Group, Goldman Sachs and Deloitte & Touche) left his position as Director of Brand Marketing at Maritz, LLC to join Coast to Coast as CEO.\n\nThe company website adopted its current look and slogan (great tickets from nice people) in early 2006.\n\nIn 2009, Coast to Coast Tickets shifted their marketing approach from an advertising-only model to a social media marketing model, becoming active on Facebook and Twitter, and incorporating an official company blog.\n\nServices\n\nCoast to Coast to Coast Tickets has marketed tickets to sports, concert and theater events since its inception. In 2007, Coast to Coast added two additional services relatively new to the secondary ticket market: a ticket insurance option, allowing customers to obtain refunds should they be unable to attend an event, and a ticket-selling marketplace, where customers can add their own tickets to the ticket listings displayed on www.coasttocoasttickets.com.\n\nAwards\n\nIn November 2005, Street & Smith\u2019s  Journal ranked Coast to Coast as #7 out of the top 10 sports ticket brokers (based on Coast to Coast\u2019s 748,000 unique visitors to the site the previous month \u2013 a figure that had risen 469.9% from the same publication\u2019s list the previous year).\n\nThe Austin Business Journal also noted Coast to Coast\u2019s rapid growth by including the company in their 2005 and 2006 \"Fast 50\" lists for the fastest-growing Austin companies grossing under $10 million in revenue.\"Fast 50 - Growing Companies with revenue of under $10 million.\" Austin Business Journal. Oct 21-27, 2005: p. B15\n\nCoast to Coast Tickets has also been recognized three years running in the Inc. 500, a list of the 500 fastest-growing privately held US companies published annually by Inc. Magazine''. In 2005, Coast to Coast held the #359 spot. The company was recognized again the following year, in 2006, when they became the 6th fastest-growing retailer on the Inc. 500 list, jumping 273 spots to #86. In 2007, Coast to Coast secured the #323 spot with a 3-year growth rate of 831.7%.\n\nIn addition to being noted in top seller lists, publications across the country have looked to Coast to Coast Tickets as a reference in stories and articles about the secondary ticket market, including Bloomberg.com, Red Herring, GQ Magazine, American Way, the Miami Herald, the Austin Business Journal, the Chicago Tribune, the Boston Globe and the San Francisco Chronicle.\n\nFootnotes\n\nExternal links \n\n \n\nOnline retailers of the United States\nTicket sales companies\nEntertainment companies established in 2000\nRetail companies established in 2000\nInternet properties established in 2000", "meta": {"title": "Coast to Coast Tickets", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coast%20to%20Coast%20Tickets", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mazarredia huanjiangensis is een rechtvleugelig insect uit de familie doornsprinkhanen (Tetrigidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van deze soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1994 door Zheng & Jiang.\n\nDoornsprinkhanen", "meta": {"title": "Mazarredia huanjiangensis", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazarredia%20huanjiangensis", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mamarapha College is a post-secondary theological institution for Indigenous Australians located in Karragullen, Western Australia.\n\nThe college is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.\n\nStudents come from all states of Australia and range in age from 19 to 70 years. Their educational background ranges from marginal literacy to those with a degree.\n\nMamarapha College is a Registered Training Organisation and awards range from Certificate 1 through to 4 year Advanced Diploma. Study is offered via study blocks (\"intensives\") for some courses while ministers in training study full-time for their second and third year then learn on the job with a minister in the field for their fourth year.\n\nHistory \nMamarapha College was set up by the Seventh-day Adventist Church in 1997 to train Indigenous pastors and members in the Bible and ministry skills. The word mamarapha is a composite from western desert Aboriginal languages and Hebrew and means \"God makes whole\". Personal spiritual development is the primary focus of the college and learning to minister to others is another focus of the program.\n\nSee also\n\n List of Seventh-day Adventist colleges and universities\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \nMamarapha College website.\n\nUniversities and colleges affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church\nSeminaries and theological colleges in Australia\nEducation in Perth, Western Australia\nIndigenous Australian education\nCity of Armadale\nEducational institutions established in 1997\n1997 establishments in Australia", "meta": {"title": "Mamarapha College", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamarapha%20College", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Wolf Ekkehard Traebert (* 20. Juni 1932 in Iserlohn; \u2020 23. August 2016 in Dormagen) war ein deutscher Hochschullehrer f\u00fcr Technikdidaktik.\n\nLeben \nWolf Ekkehard Traebert studierte Betriebswirtschaftslehre an der Universit\u00e4t zu K\u00f6ln. 1958 wurde er dort im Corps Altsachsen aktiv. Das Studium schloss er als Dipl.-Kfm. ab. Zudem erlangte den akademischen Grad eines Dipl.-Ing. 1966 wurde er in K\u00f6ln zum Dr. rer. pol. promoviert. Traebert war Professor f\u00fcr Technik und Didaktik der Technologie an der Universit\u00e4t Wuppertal und von 1990 bis 1997 Inhaber des Lehrstuhls f\u00fcr Technologie und ihre Didaktik an der Westf\u00e4lischen Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster. Traebert war Herausgeber des sechsb\u00e4ndigen Werks Technik als Schulfach. Er war 1. Vorsitzender der DGTB.\n\nSchriften \n Verbundwerkstoffe : Versuch einer neuartigen Systematik, 1966\n Auswahlkriterien f\u00fcr Lehr- und Lerninhalte des Technikunterrichts, 1979\n\nLiteratur \n Traebert, Wolf Ekkehard. In: K\u00fcrschners Deutscher Gelehrten-Kalender 1996. Bio-bibliographisches Verzeichnis deutschsprachiger Wissenschaftler der Gegenwart. 17. Ausgabe, Band Medizin-Naturwissenschaften-Technik, S. 1424.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nWirtschaftswissenschaftler\nIngenieur\nTechnikdidaktik\nHochschullehrer (Westf\u00e4lische Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t)\nHochschullehrer (Bergische Universit\u00e4t Wuppertal)\nCorpsstudent (20. Jahrhundert)\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1932\nGestorben 2016\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Wolf Ekkehard Traebert", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf%20Ekkehard%20Traebert", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Morombe \u00e8 una citt\u00e0 e comune del Madagascar situata nel distretto di Morombe, regione di Atsimo-Andrefana. La popolazione del comune rilevata nel censimento 2001 era pari a  unit\u00e0.\n\nNote\n\nVoci correlate\nComuni del Madagascar\n\nComuni del distretto di Morombe\nMorombe", "meta": {"title": "Morombe", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morombe", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Laugar\u00e1s is een klein plaatsje in het zuidwesten van IJsland dat min of meer tussen Reykholt en Fl\u00fa\u00f0ir in ligt. In beide plaatsjes komt veel geothermische activiteit voor en ook in Laugar\u00e1s liggen meerdere warmwaterbronnen aan de oppervlakte en rijzen stoompluimen omhoog. Laugar\u00e1s ligt aan de rivier Hv\u00edt\u00e1 en op een steenworp daarvan ligt het vroeger belangrijke bisdom Sk\u00e1lholt. In IJsland wordt \u00ed \u00c1rness\u00fdslu aan de naam toegevoegd om het te onderscheiden van een gelijknamig natuurgebied bij Reykjav\u00edk.\n\nDe plaats ligt bij de brug van weg nr. 31) over de Hv\u00edt\u00e1. De afstand over de weg naar Reykjav\u00edk bedraagt 92 km., naar Reykholt is het 11 km. De bodemwarmte wordt benut voor groente- en fruitteelt.\n\nIn 2013 woonden er in Laugar\u00e1s 126 personen, in 2015 telde het 103 inwoners.\n\nPlaats in IJsland", "meta": {"title": "Laugar\u00e1s", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laugar%C3%A1s", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Anna Swan \u00e9pouse Bates (n\u00e9e le  \u00e0 Mill Brook, New Annan, Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse, morte le  \u00e0 Seville (Ohio)) est une femme canadienne connue pour \u00eatre la plus grande femme de son temps ().\n\nBiographie \nElle est la troisi\u00e8me des 13 enfants d'Alexander Swan et d'Ann Graham des immigrants \u00e9cossais de taille moyenne ; les deux premiers enfants du couple vivent peu longtemps. De taille normale \u00e0 sa naissance, elle grandit tr\u00e8s rapidement. \u00c0 son  anniversaire, elle mesure , \u00e0 son , elle fait  pour plus de . Le jour de son  anniversaire, elle mesure , quelques centim\u00e8tres en dessous de la taille de sa m\u00e8re. Le jour de son  anniversaire, elle mesurait  et p\u00e8se . \u00c0 son  anniversaire, Bates mesure . Elle atteint sa pleine taille trois ans plus tard. \u00c0 22 ans, elle p\u00e8se . Ses pieds mesurent  de long.\n\nSwan excelle en litt\u00e9rature et en musique et est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme tr\u00e8s intelligente. En 1862, Phineas Taylor Barnum, entrepreneur de spectacles de foire, entend parler de la g\u00e9ante de la Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse et envoie un agent \u00e0 New Annan chez la jeune fille \u00e2g\u00e9e de 16 ans, afin de la faire venir \u00e0 New York en compagnie de sa m\u00e8re. En plus de la perspective all\u00e9chante de toucher mille dollars par mois en se produisant \u00e0 l'American Museum, \u00e0 Broadway, Anna se voit offrir la possibilit\u00e9 de poursuivre ses \u00e9tudes. Elle \u00e9tudie le chant et le piano. Elle est pr\u00e9sente lors de l'incendie du mus\u00e9e le  ; 18 hommes parviennent \u00e0 lui faire passer le mur et \u00e0 la descendre \u00e0 l'aide de treuils. Le mus\u00e9e est \u00e0 nouveau victime d'un incendie en . Elle fait alors pendant l'\u00e9t\u00e9 une tourn\u00e9e en Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse puis revient aux \u00c9tats-Unis.\n\nEn 1871, alors qu'elle est \u00e0 Halifax pour partir en Europe, Anna Haining Swan rencontre Martin Van Buren Bates, surnomm\u00e9 le g\u00e9ant du Kentucky, qui mesure . Ils se marient le  \u00e0 l'\u00e9glise St Martin-in-the-Fields de Londres. Ils sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s \u00e0 la reine Victoria qui leur offre une montre en or.\n\nApr\u00e8s la tourn\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne de 14 mois comme le couple le plus grand du monde, le couple s'installe \u00e0 Seville, ach\u00e8tent  de terres et font fabriquer des meubles \u00e0 leur taille. Martin supervise la construction de la maison. La partie principale de la maison a des plafonds de , tandis que les portes sont tr\u00e8s larges (). La partie arri\u00e8re de la maison est construite de taille moyenne pour les domestiques et les invit\u00e9s. Le couple \u00e9l\u00e8ve des chevaux et des b\u0153ufs.\n\nLe couple donne naissance \u00e0 deux enfants. Le premier est une fille n\u00e9e le , elle p\u00e8se  et meurt \u00e0 la naissance. Lors d'une tourn\u00e9e \u00e0 l'\u00e9t\u00e9 1878, Anna est enceinte pour la deuxi\u00e8me fois. Le gar\u00e7on na\u00eet \u00e0 Seville le  et ne vit que 11 heures. Il est le plus gros nouveau-n\u00e9 jamais enregistr\u00e9, pesant  et mesurant environ  ; chacun de ses pieds mesure  de long.\n\nLes Bates reprennent les tourn\u00e9es d'exhibition avec le W.W. Cole Circus \u00e0 l'\u00e9t\u00e9 1879 et de nouveau au printemps 1880. Bates passe tranquillement ses derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es dans la ferme. Elle se joint \u00e0 l'\u00e9glise baptiste locale en 1877 et assiste aux offices avec son mari.\n\nBates meurt subitement et de mani\u00e8re inattendue dans son sommeil, de la tuberculose, chez elle le , la veille de son  anniversaire.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nSource de la traduction\n\nAnnexes\n\nArticles connexes \n Listes des plus grands humains\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n \n\nG\u00e9ant\nRecord de taille\nNaissance en ao\u00fbt 1846\nNaissance en Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en ao\u00fbt 1888\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s dans l'Ohio\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e0 41 ans\nMort de la tuberculose", "meta": {"title": "Anna Haining Bates", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna%20Haining%20Bates", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fresh Kills Landfill ist eine stillgelegte M\u00fclldeponie im New Yorker Stadtbezirk Staten Island in den Vereinigten Staaten. Sie wurde im Jahr 1948 er\u00f6ffnet und entwickelte sich innerhalb von 50 Jahren zur weltweit gr\u00f6\u00dften Deponie. Im M\u00e4rz 2001 wurde die Deponie stillgelegt. Nach dem Terroranschlag am 11. September 2001 auf das World Trade Center wurde die Deponie wieder ge\u00f6ffnet, um Tr\u00fcmmer aufzunehmen; seitdem wird das zw\u00f6lf Quadratkilometer gro\u00dfe Areal zu einer Parkanlage umgewandelt.\n\nGeographie \nDie Fresh Kills (Kill ist abgeleitet von dem niederl\u00e4ndischen Wort kil, das Flussbett bedeutet) sind ein Zufluss des Arthur Kill, einem \u00c4stuar, der die westliche Grenze der zum Stadtgebiet von New York City z\u00e4hlenden Insel Staten Island darstellt und diese vom Bundesstaat New Jersey abtrennt. Die Fresh Kills bestehen aus zwei Flussarmen, dem Rain Creek und dem Richmond Creek, durch die der zentrale Teil Staten Islands entw\u00e4ssert wird. Die Region war vor Beginn der Aufsch\u00fcttungen durch die M\u00fclldeponie Marschland.\n\nDas Gel\u00e4nde der Fresh Kills Landfill umfasst zw\u00f6lf Quadratkilometer und nimmt somit rund 11 % der Fl\u00e4che von Staten Island ein. Nur etwa 45 % der Fl\u00e4che der Deponie wurden tats\u00e4chlich zur Lagerung von M\u00fcll genutzt; die Deponiefl\u00e4chen konzentrierten sich auf vier Sektoren, die durch die Flussarme und die in den 1960er-Jahren gebaute New York State Route 440 getrennt werden.\n\nGeschichte der M\u00fclldeponie \n\nFresh Kills Landfill wurde im Jahr 1948 nach Pl\u00e4nen des New Yorker Stadtplaners Robert Moses eingerichtet. Es war Teil eines Stadtentwicklungsplans, der die intensive Nutzung von Staten Island als Wohngebiet vorsah. Die M\u00fclldeponie sollte zun\u00e4chst nur f\u00fcr f\u00fcnf Jahre in Betrieb sein und haupts\u00e4chlich der Landgewinnung in der sumpfigen Region dienen. Da im New Yorker Stadtgebiet immer mehr M\u00fclldeponien geschlossen wurden, wuchs jedoch die Bedeutung der Fresh Kills Landfill. Gab es vor Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkriegs noch rund 90 Deponien, waren es in den sp\u00e4ten 1970er-Jahren nur noch sechs. 1974 nahm Fresh Kills Landfill bereits 50 % des gesamten Hausm\u00fclls der Stadt New York auf, 1989 waren es 94 %. Im Jahr 1991 wurde die letzte M\u00fclldeponie in Queens geschlossen, womit Fresh Kills Landfill die einzige verbleibende Deponie im Stadtgebiet war.\n\nNachdem sich in den 1960er-Jahren die Bev\u00f6lkerungszahlen in Staten Island mehr als verdoppelt hatten und die Wohngebiete immer n\u00e4her an den Fresh Kills Landfill heranr\u00fcckten, wurde zunehmend die Schlie\u00dfung der Deponie gefordert. Mangels Alternativen wurde aber der Betrieb weiter aufrecht gehalten. In den Jahren 1992 und 1993 wurden die ersten beiden der insgesamt vier Sektionen der Fresh Kills Landfill stillgelegt, 1997 folgte eine dritte Sektion. Zuvor wurde im Mai 1996 die vollst\u00e4ndige Schlie\u00dfung der Deponie bis zum Ende des Jahres 2001 beschlossen. Am 22. M\u00e4rz 2001 wurde der letzte Transport von Hausm\u00fcll in Fresh Kills in Empfang genommen. Zuletzt wurden t\u00e4glich mehr als 14.000 Tonnen auf der Fresh Kills Landfill abgeladen, der Transport zur Deponie erfolgte gr\u00f6\u00dftenteils \u00fcber M\u00fcllschiffe. Seit der Schlie\u00dfung von Fresh Kills ist New York City auf den Versand des M\u00fclls auf Deponien in benachbarten Bundesstaaten angewiesen. Dadurch stiegen die M\u00fcllgeb\u00fchren um 50 %.\n\nZum Zeitpunkt der Schlie\u00dfung hatte das zuletzt genutzte Segment der Deponie eine H\u00f6he von 69 Metern (225\u00a0ft) erreicht. Planungen in den 1980er-Jahren hatten bis zum Jahr 2005 eine Aufsch\u00fcttung auf eine H\u00f6he von 154 Metern (505\u00a0ft) vorgesehen, womit der M\u00fcllberg nicht nur die H\u00f6he der Cheops-Pyramide \u00fcbertroffen h\u00e4tte, sondern auch der h\u00f6chste Punkt der nordamerikanischen Atlantikk\u00fcste s\u00fcdlich von Maine gewesen w\u00e4re. Fresh Kills Landfill ist nicht nur die gr\u00f6\u00dfte M\u00fclldeponie der Welt, sondern gilt auch als eines der gr\u00f6\u00dften je von Menschen erschaffenen Objekte. Das Volumen der M\u00fcllhalden wird auf 115 Millionen Kubikmeter gesch\u00e4tzt, ihr Gewicht auf 150 Millionen Tonnen.\n\nSechs Monate nach der Schlie\u00dfung wurde die M\u00fclldeponie kurzzeitig wieder er\u00f6ffnet, da nach den Terroranschl\u00e4gen am 11. September 2001 ein Ort zur Lagerung und Aufarbeitung der \u00dcberreste des World Trade Centers gefunden werden musste. In den folgenden Monaten wurden 1,62 Millionen Tonnen Schutt zur Fresh Kills Landfill transportiert, wo dieser dann nach den sterblichen \u00dcberresten der Opfer des Geb\u00e4udeeinsturzes durchsucht wurde. Nach der Untersuchung wurden die Reste des World Trade Centers auf dem Areal begraben.\n\nUmweltproblematik \nIm Mittelpunkt der Kritik an Fresh Kill Landfill standen die immensen Umweltbelastungen durch die M\u00fclldeponie. Vor allem durch die Anlieferung per Schiff gingen regelm\u00e4\u00dfig gr\u00f6\u00dfere Mengen an M\u00fcll verloren, die dann durch den Arthur Kill an den Strand von Woodbridge in New Jersey getrieben wurde. Die Stadt New York wurde mehrmals gerichtlich dazu verpflichtet, die Verschmutzung der Gew\u00e4sser zu verhindern. F\u00fcr Schlagzeilen sorgte 1987 eine Verschmutzung der Str\u00e4nde New Jerseys durch medizinische Abf\u00e4lle wie gebrauchte Spritzen, die von Fresh Kill Landfill weggeschwemmt wurden. Die Stadt New York wurde zu Schadensersatzzahlungen verurteilt. Der Vorfall wurde als \u201eSyringe Tide\u201c bekannt und fand unter anderem in Billy Joels Song We Didn\u2019t Start the Fire Erw\u00e4hnung.\n\nDaneben wurde die Umwelt der Deponie durch Zersetzungsprodukte des M\u00fclls belastet. Es wurden t\u00e4glich rund neun Millionen Liter Deponiesickerwasser freigesetzt, die vor der Errichtung einer Aufbereitungsanlage ungefiltert in die Kills gelangten. Eine hohe Belastung der Gew\u00e4sser mit Schwermetallen war die Folge. Aufgrund des starken Umwelteinflusses der Abfalllagen wurde die Basis der M\u00fclldeponie als globaler Startpunkt (GSSP) des Anthropoz\u00e4ns diskutiert.\n\nVon globalem Ausma\u00df waren die Emissionen von Deponiegas. Messungen aus dem Jahr 1997 ergaben, dass t\u00e4glich 2650 Tonnen des Treibhausgases Methan freigesetzt wurden. Dieses entsprach 6 % der gesamten Methanemission der Vereinigten Staaten und 2 % weltweit. Seit 1998 wird das freigesetzte Methan gesammelt, in speziellen Anlagen aufbereitet und zur Energieerzeugung verkauft. Die Stadt New York nimmt durch den Verkauf des Methans j\u00e4hrlich elf Millionen US-Dollar ein.\n\nNeben Methan wurden auch zahlreiche andere fl\u00fcchtige organische Verbindungen freigesetzt. Durch Untersuchungen der Environmental Protection Agency aus dem Jahr 1995 konnten mehr als 100 organische Verbindungen im Deponiegas nachgewiesen werden. Eine Studie aus dem Jahr 1997 legte einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Luftverschmutzung durch die Fresh Kills Landfill und einer erh\u00f6hten Zahl von Asthmaerkrankungen auf Staten Island nahe.\n\nDas Fresh Kills Park Project \nNach der Stilllegung der M\u00fclldeponie wurde im September 2001 ein Design-Wettbewerb zur Schaffung von Fresh Kills Park gestartet. Im Juni 2003 wurde das Landschaftsarchitekturb\u00fcro Field Operations mit der Planung beauftragt. Vorgesehen sind f\u00fcnf miteinander verbundene Parks, die eine Gesamtfl\u00e4che von neun Quadratkilometern einnehmen und zusammen etwa zweieinhalbmal so gro\u00df wie der Central Park sein werden.\n\nNeben der Anlage von Sportst\u00e4tten wie Golfpl\u00e4tzen, Fu\u00dfballfeldern und Mountainbike-Parcours sollen auch M\u00f6glichkeiten zum Wassersport geschaffen werden. Bereiche in K\u00fcstenn\u00e4he sollen nach Bepflanzungen als Naturschutzgebiete ausgewiesen werden. Im gr\u00f6\u00dften Park, dem West Park, soll ein Mahnmal an die Opfer der Terroranschl\u00e4ge des 11. September 2001 erinnern.\n\nDie Fertigstellung des gesamten Fresh Kills Park wird in drei Phasen erfolgen und rund 30 Jahre dauern, da sich die aufgesch\u00fctteten M\u00fcllberge zun\u00e4chst setzen und die Emissionen durch die Zersetzung der Abf\u00e4lle abklingen m\u00fcssen. So hat sich das Niveau des zuletzt geschlossenen Segments der Fresh Kills Landfill von 2001 bis 2006 bereits um f\u00fcnf Meter abgesenkt. Im Oktober 2012 wurde der Schmul Park, als erster Teil des Fresh Kills Parks, f\u00fcr die \u00d6ffentlichkeit zug\u00e4nglich gemacht.\n\nLiteratur \n Richard C. Firstman: The Hills of Fresh Kills. In Rush to burn: Solving America\u2019s garbage crisis?. Island Press, Washington D.C. 1989, ISBN 1-55963-000-0, S. 49\u201354\n Martin V. Melosi: Fresh Kills. A History of Consuming and Discarding in New York City [Columbia UP], New York 2020, ISBN 0231189494\n Joseph M. Suflita, Charles P. Gerba, Robert K. Ham, Anna C. Palmisano, William L. Rathje, Joseph A. Robinson: The world's largest landfill. In: Environmental Science & Technology Vol. 26, No. 8, 1992, S. 1486\u20131495 \n Ken Stier: Fresh Kills. In: Waste Management World Vol 8, No. 6, Dezember/Januar 2007 (online-Ausgabe des Journals ohne Seitenzahlen)\n\nWeblinks \n\n Fresh Kills Park Project; Website der Stadtverwaltung von New York City (englisch)\n New York City Department of Parks & Recreation (englisch)\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nDeponie\nParkanlage in New York City\nBauwerk in Staten Island\nParkanlage in Nordamerika", "meta": {"title": "Fresh Kills Landfill", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresh%20Kills%20Landfill", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jos\u00e9 Carlos Bruna (1840-1927) fue un escritor, profesor y periodista espa\u00f1ol.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nNacido en 1849 en C\u00e1diz, termin\u00f3 instal\u00e1ndose en M\u00e1laga, ciudad en la que falleci\u00f3 en 1927. Una de sus obras fueron unas Impresiones de un viaje \u00e1 Andaluc\u00eda con S. M. el rey don Alfonso XII (1877), publicada bajo el seud\u00f3nimo \"Don Inocencio Esperanzas\".\n\nReferencias\n\nBibliograf\u00eda \n \n\nEscritores de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XIX\nEscritores de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XX\nNacidos en C\u00e1diz\nFallecidos en M\u00e1laga", "meta": {"title": "Jos\u00e9 Carlos Bruna", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Carlos%20Bruna", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "At Coney Island \u00e9 um filme dos Estados Unidos de com\u00e9dia, estrelado por Mack Sennett, Mabel Normand e Ford Sterling. O filme mudo foi dirigido e produzido por Mack Sennett em 1912. As filmagens foram feitas em Coney Island, Nova Iorque.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n \n\nFilmes dos Estados Unidos de 1912\nFilmes de com\u00e9dia dos Estados Unidos\nFilmes em l\u00edngua inglesa da d\u00e9cada de 1910\nCurtas-metragens dos Estados Unidos\nFilmes gravados em Nova Iorque\nFilmes ambientados em Nova Iorque\nFilmes mudos\nFilmes em preto e branco\nFilmes dirigidos por Mack Sennett", "meta": {"title": "At Coney Island", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%20Coney%20Island", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u0456\u0437\u043e\u0301\u043d (Bison)\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 (Bovidae).\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\u0420\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0456.\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \n\u0420\u0456\u0434 Bison \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432:\n \u0411\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0454\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0440 (Bison bonasus)\n \u0411\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 (Bison bison).\n\n\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 4 \u0432\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438 (\u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 ITIS ):\n\n \u2020Bison antiquus\n \u2020Bison latifrons\n \u2020Bison occidentalis\n \u2020Bison priscus\u00a0\u2014 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439\n\n\u041e\u043a\u0440\u0456\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0456 \u0448\u0442\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u0456\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \n\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0456 \u0431\u0438\u043a\u0438 (\u0440\u0456\u0434 Bos), \u0440\u0456\u0434 \u0411\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d (Bison) \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0457\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u0437 60 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c (2n=60).\n\n\u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u043a \u0437 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443 Leptobos, \u0449\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0432 \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0456. \u0426\u0435\u0439 \u0454\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e-\u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0437 \u0406\u043d\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447. \u0423 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0437\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 (Bison priscus). \u0417 \u0421\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u0443 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0443. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0456, \u0432\u0456\u043a \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f 35 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u044f\u0441\u0446\u0456 \u0432 1979.\n\n\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0423 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u044c\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0432\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u0404\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0457, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435, \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0454\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0440.\n\n\u0417\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0410\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0406\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0457, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437 \u0443\u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456, \u044f\u043a \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0443\u043c, \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u0423 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043a. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0433\u0456\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 Bison latifrons, \u0449\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0432 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u043b\u0456\u0441\u0430\u0445 \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e 20 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443. \u0406\u043d\u0448\u043e\u044e \u0433\u0456\u043b\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0430\u0445 Bison antiquus, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044f\u0445 \u0456 \u0436\u0438\u0432 \u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u0423 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0431\u0443\u0432, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a, \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u043c Bison antiquus occidentalis, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0438\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u0423 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044f\u0445 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0454\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u0443 \u0454\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u0437 XVII \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432, \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0445.\n\u0422\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448, \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432. \u0426\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0454\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0446\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0414\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u0456\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0456, \u0437 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u044e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044e\u0447\u0456 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0456.\n\n\u0417 \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0456 \u0454\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0440 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u044f XIX \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 XX \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0437\u043d\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0445\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.\n\n\u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0404\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u043e \u0437 40 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u0456\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e \u042f\u043a\u0443\u0442\u0456\u0457, \u0437 \u0442\u0438\u043c \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0456\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0421\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u0443 (\u0434\u0438\u0432. \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a).\n\n\u0412 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456 \n\n\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432: \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\n\u043a\u0440\u0430\u044e \u0433\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0440\u0443, \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u0414\u043e\u043d\u0431\u0430\u0441\u0456, \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438, \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u0410\u043c\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0457\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0456 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e 200 \u043c\u00b2 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0442\u043a\u0438 983 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432 (Bison priscus).\n\n\u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \n\n \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\n \u0411\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0454\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0440\n \u0417\u0443\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0411\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456\n\u041c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0456\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0456\u0432", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043d", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gobius ater is een  straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van grondels (Gobiidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1888 door Bellotti.\n\nDe soort staat op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN als Onzeker, beoordelingsjaar 2007.\n\nGobiidae\nIUCN-status onzeker", "meta": {"title": "Gobius ater", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobius%20ater", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Pademangan Barat is een kelurahan van het onderdistrict Pademangan in in het noorden van Jakarta, Indonesi\u00eb. De wijk telt 77.331 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).\n\nKelurahan van Jakarta", "meta": {"title": "Pademangan Barat", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pademangan%20Barat", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fisura anal\u0103 este o ruptur\u0103 \u00een mucoasa interioar\u0103 a anusului care provoac\u0103 durere \u00een timpul tranzitului intestinal \u0219i al defeca\u021biei. Este o maladie frecvent\u0103. Majoritatea fisurilor anale se vindec\u0103 cu un tratament ambulator la domiciliu, \u00eentr-o period\u0103 de timp ce poate dura de la c\u00e2teva zile \u0219i se poate extinde la mai multe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni (\u00een cazul fisurilor anale acute).\n\nCauze \nFisurile anale sunt cauzate de for\u021barea canalului anal. Astfel o fisur\u0103 se poate dezvolta \u0219i \u00een cazul unei constipatii c\u00e2nd se \u00eencearc\u0103 eliminarea unui scaun voluminos \u0219i tare. De aceea o diet\u0103 s\u0103rac\u0103 \u00een fibre poate juca un rol important apari\u021bia de fisuri anale.\nFisurile anale mai pot ap\u0103rea \u00een cazuri de contacte sexuale anale ori inser\u021bii de corpuri str\u0103ine, atunci cand nu se relaxeaza muschii sfincterieni. \u00cen cazuri mai rare fisurile anale pot ap\u0103rea dup\u0103 diaree repetat\u0103. De asemenea sarcina genereaz\u0103 fisuri anale la aproximativ 11% din femei. Fisurile anale pot fi de asemenea provocate de introducerea degetului (de exemplu \u00een timpul unei consulta\u021bii) sau a altor corpuri str\u0103ine \u00een anus. \u00cen cazul minorilor, dac\u0103 sunt \u0219i alte elemente de risc, apari\u021bia fisurilor anale poate fi un indicator al unor posibile abuzuri sexuale.\n\nDepistare \n\u00cen general fisurile anale sunt depistate prin apari\u021bia unor scurgeri de s\u00e2nge cu ocazia defec\u0103rii \u0219i sunt \u00eenso\u021bite \u00een cele mai multe cazuri de dureri.\n\nLeg\u0103turi externe \n http://www.fisura-anala.blogspot.com/\n http://www.sfatulmedicului.ro/Hemoroizii-si-fisura-anala/fisura-anala_965\n http://www.clinica-de-hemoroizi.ro/fisuri_anale.htm \n http://www.i-medic.ro/boli/fisura-anala \n http://www.flu.ro/articole/Dragoste_si_Sex/Sexul_anal_perspective_feminine/pagina-2.html\n\nVezi\u00a0\u0219i \n Rectoragie\n\nBoli ale rectului", "meta": {"title": "Fisur\u0103 anal\u0103", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisur%C4%83%20anal%C4%83", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Song Sun-bong (born 2 October 1952) is a North Korean gymnast. He competed in eight events at the 1980 Summer Olympics.\n\nReferences\n\n1952 births\nLiving people\nNorth Korean male artistic gymnasts\nOlympic gymnasts of North Korea\nGymnasts at the 1980 Summer Olympics\nPlace of birth missing (living people)\nAsian Games medalists in gymnastics\nGymnasts at the 1974 Asian Games\nAsian Games silver medalists for North Korea\nAsian Games bronze medalists for North Korea\nMedalists at the 1974 Asian Games\n20th-century North Korean people", "meta": {"title": "Song Sun-bong", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song%20Sun-bong", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sabbio Chiese (Brescian: ) is a comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy. It is located on the river Chiese, roughly midway from the Lake Garda and the Lake Idro.\n\nMain sights\nRocca (Castle)\nThe small church of St. Peter\n\nReferences\n\nCities and towns in Lombardy", "meta": {"title": "Sabbio Chiese", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabbio%20Chiese", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bieg sztafetowy kobiet podczas Zimowych Igrzysk Olimpijskich 1998 w Nagano zosta\u0142 rozegrany 16 lutego. Wzi\u0119\u0142y w nim udzia\u0142 64 zawodniczki z szesnastu kraj\u00f3w. Mistrzostwo olimpijskie w tej konkurencji wywalczy\u0142a dru\u017cyna rosyjska w sk\u0142adzie: Nina Gawriluk, Olga Dani\u0142owa, Jelena V\u00e4lbe i \u0141arisa \u0141azutina.\n\nWyniki\n\nBibliografia \n  \n\nBiegi narciarskie na Zimowych Igrzyskach Olimpijskich 1998", "meta": {"title": "Biegi narciarskie na Zimowych Igrzyskach Olimpijskich 1998 \u2013 sztafeta kobiet", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biegi%20narciarskie%20na%20Zimowych%20Igrzyskach%20Olimpijskich%201998%20%E2%80%93%20sztafeta%20kobiet", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El a\u00f1o 461\u00a0a.\u00a0C. fue un a\u00f1o del calendario romano prejuliano. En el Imperio romano se conoc\u00eda como el A\u00f1o del consulado de Galo y Cornudo (o, menos frecuentemente, a\u00f1o 293 Ab urbe condita).\n\nAcontecimientos \n Ostracismo de Cim\u00f3n acusado de laconismo. \n Efialtes, l\u00edder del partido democr\u00e1tico, se hace con el poder despu\u00e9s de derrotar al partido olig\u00e1rquico de Tem\u00edstocles.\n Los hijos de Anaxilao son expulsados del poder de las ciudades de Regghio y Zancle.\n\nNacimientos \n Dem\u00f3crito de Abdera\n\nFallecimientos \n Efialtes de Atenas", "meta": {"title": "461 a. C.", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/461%20a.%20C.", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Verri\u00e8res \u00e8 un comune francese di 423 abitanti situato nel dipartimento della Marna nella regione Grand Est.\n\nSociet\u00e0\n\nEvoluzione demografica\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti \n\nVerrieres", "meta": {"title": "Verri\u00e8res (Marna)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verri%C3%A8res%20%28Marna%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Isoniazida/rifampicina es un medicamento que se usa para tratar la tuberculosis.  Es una combinaci\u00f3n en dosis fija de isoniacida y rifampicina.  Se usa junto con otros medicamentos antituberculosos.  Se administra por v\u00eda oral. \n\nLos efectos secundarios son los de los medicamentos subyacentes.  Los efectos secundarios comunes incluyen falta de coordinaci\u00f3n, falta de apetito, n\u00e1useas, entumecimiento y cansancio.  Los efectos secundarios m\u00e1s graves incluyen problemas hep\u00e1ticos.  Generalmente no se recomienda su uso en ni\u00f1os.  No est\u00e1 claro si el uso es seguro en el embarazo. \n\nEst\u00e1 en la Lista de medicamentos esenciales de la Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud, los medicamentos m\u00e1s efectivos y seguros que se necesitan en un sistema de salud.  El costo mayorista en el mundo en desarrollo es de aproximadamente US$5,10 al mes.  En el Reino Unido, un mes de medicamentos le cuesta al NHS aproximadamente \u00a328,11.\n\nReferencias \n\nMedicamento esencial de la Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud\nMedicamentos antituberculosos", "meta": {"title": "Isoniazida/rifampicina", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoniazida/rifampicina", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Adi\u00f3s is een Spaanse film  uit 2019, geregisseerd door Paco Cabezas.\n\nVerhaal \n\nEen oplichter op proefverlof zint op wraak wanneer zijn dochtertje sterft bij een auto-ongeluk na de viering van haar Eerste Communie.\n\nRolverdeling\n\nOntvangst\n\nRecensies \n\nOp Rotten Tomatoes geeft 40% van de 5 recensenten de film een positieve recensie, met een gemiddelde score van 5,75/10.\n\nPrijzen en nominaties \n\nEen selectie:\n\nFilm uit 2019\nSpaanse film\nFilm geproduceerd door Enrique L\u00f3pez Lavigne", "meta": {"title": "Adi\u00f3s (film)", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi%C3%B3s%20%28film%29", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dans les syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation, l\u2019ordonnanceur est le composant du noyau du syst\u00e8me d'exploitation choisissant l'ordre d'ex\u00e9cution des processus sur les processeurs d'un ordinateur. En anglais, l'ordonnanceur est appel\u00e9 scheduler.\n\nUn processus a besoin de la ressource processeur pour ex\u00e9cuter des calculs; il l'abandonne quand se produit une interruption, etc. De nombreux anciens processeurs ne peuvent effectuer qu'un traitement \u00e0 la fois. Pour les autres, un ordonnanceur reste n\u00e9cessaire pour d\u00e9terminer quel processus sera ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 sur quel processeur (c'est la notion d'affinit\u00e9, tr\u00e8s importante pour ne pas d\u00e9grader les performances). Au-del\u00e0 des classiques processeurs multic\u0153ur, la notion d'hyperthreading rend la question de l'ordonnancement encore un peu plus complexe.\n\n\u00c0 un instant donn\u00e9, il y a souvent davantage de processus \u00e0 ex\u00e9cuter que de processeurs. \n\nUn des r\u00f4les du syst\u00e8me d'exploitation, et plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment de l'ordonnanceur du noyau, est de permettre \u00e0 tous ces processus de s'ex\u00e9cuter \u00e0 un moment ou un autre et d'utiliser au mieux le processeur pour l'utilisateur. Pour que chaque t\u00e2che s'ex\u00e9cute sans se pr\u00e9occuper des autres et/ou aussi pour ex\u00e9cuter les t\u00e2ches selon les contraintes impos\u00e9es au syst\u00e8me (exemple: contraintes temporelles dans le cas d'un syst\u00e8me d'exploitation temps r\u00e9el) , l'ordonnanceur du noyau du syst\u00e8me effectue des commutations de contexte de celui-ci.\n\nCommutation de contexte et \u00e9lection \n\n\u00c0 intervalles r\u00e9guliers, le syst\u00e8me appelle une proc\u00e9dure d'ordonnancement qui \u00e9lit le prochain processus \u00e0 ex\u00e9cuter. Si le nouveau processus est diff\u00e9rent de l'ancien, un changement de contexte (op\u00e9ration consistant \u00e0 sauvegarder le contexte d'ex\u00e9cution de l'ancienne t\u00e2che comme les registres du processeur) a lieu. Cette structure de donn\u00e9es est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement appel\u00e9e PCB. Le syst\u00e8me d'exploitation restaure l'ancien PCB de la t\u00e2che \u00e9lue, qui s'ex\u00e9cute alors en reprenant l\u00e0 o\u00f9 elle s'\u00e9tait arr\u00eat\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment..\n\nExemple \nSi  t\u00e2ches doivent \u00eatre ex\u00e9cut\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re simultan\u00e9e et qu'il est physiquement impossible pour l'ordinateur de traiter plus d'une t\u00e2che simultan\u00e9ment, le noyau commute rapidement le contexte d'ex\u00e9cution des  t\u00e2ches, de mani\u00e8re que :\n une seule t\u00e2che soit ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e \u00e0 la fois ;\n globalement toutes les t\u00e2ches soient ex\u00e9cut\u00e9es.\n\nPar exemple, avec trois t\u00e2ches cela peut se d\u00e9composer par :\nSauvegarde par le noyau des contextes d'ex\u00e9cution de chacune des t\u00e2ches,\ncommutation de contexte et \u00e9lection de la nouvelle t\u00e2che n\u00b01\nChargement par le noyau du contexte de la t\u00e2che 1.\nEx\u00e9cution des instructions de la t\u00e2che 1 pendant x millisecondes\nSauvegarde du contexte de la t\u00e2che 1\ncommutation de contexte et \u00e9lection de la nouvelle t\u00e2che n\u00b02\nChargement par le noyau du contexte de la t\u00e2che 2.\nEx\u00e9cution des instructions de la t\u00e2che 2 pendant x millisecondes\nSauvegarde du contexte de la t\u00e2che 2\ncommutation de contexte et \u00e9lection de la nouvelle t\u00e2che n\u00b03\nChargement par le noyau du contexte de la t\u00e2che 3.\nEx\u00e9cution des instructions de la t\u00e2che 3 pendant x millisecondes\nSauvegarde du contexte de la t\u00e2che 3\ncommutation de contexte et \u00e9lection de la nouvelle t\u00e2che n\u00b01\nChargement par le noyau du contexte de la t\u00e2che 1.\nEx\u00e9cution des instructions de la t\u00e2che 1 pendant x millisecondes\nSauvegarde du contexte de la t\u00e2che 1\n\u2026\n\n(3 t\u00e2ches ordonnanc\u00e9es avec l'algorithme Round-robin (Chacun son tour)).\n\nTypes d'algorithmes \n\nDu choix de l'algorithme d'ordonnancement d\u00e9pend le comportement du syst\u00e8me. Il existe deux grandes classes d'ordonnancement.\n\nL'ordonnancement en temps partag\u00e9 \n\nIl est pr\u00e9sent sur la plupart des ordinateurs  \u00ab classiques \u00bb. Par exemple l'ordonnancement \u00ab decay \u00bb ; qui est celui par d\u00e9faut sous Unix. Il consiste en un syst\u00e8me de priorit\u00e9s adaptatives, par exemple il privil\u00e9gie les t\u00e2ches interactives pour que leur temps de r\u00e9ponse soit bon. Une sous-classe de l'ordonnancement en temps partag\u00e9 sont les ordonnanceurs dits \u00ab proportional share \u00bb, eux sont plus destin\u00e9s aux stations de calcul et permettent une gestion rigoureuse des ressources. On peut citer notamment \u00ab lottery \u00bb et \u00ab stride \u00bb.\n\nL'ordonnancement en temps r\u00e9el \n\nIl assure qu'une certaine t\u00e2che sera termin\u00e9e dans un d\u00e9lai donn\u00e9. Cela est indispensable dans les syst\u00e8mes embarqu\u00e9s.\n\nOptimalit\u00e9 \nUn ordonnanceur temps r\u00e9el est dit optimal pour un syst\u00e8me de t\u00e2ches s'il trouve une solution d'ordonnancement du syst\u00e8me lorsque cette solution existe. S'il ne trouve pas de solution \u00e0 ce syst\u00e8me, alors aucun autre ordonnanceur ne peut en trouver une.\n\nAlgorithmes d'ordonnancement \n \n Round-robin (ou m\u00e9thode du tourniquet)\n Rate-monotonic scheduling (RMS)\n Earliest deadline first scheduling (EDF)\n FIFO\n Shortest job first (SJF, ou SJN -Shortest Job Next-)\n Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS)\nLIFO\n\nStrat\u00e9gies d'ordonnancement \n Ordonnancement sans r\u00e9quisition\n Ordonnancement avec r\u00e9quisition\n\nAnnexes\n\nBibliographie \n Andrew Tanenbaum, Syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation, , Pearson Education, 2008, \n Joseph Y-T. Leung, Handbook of Scheduling: Algorithms, Models, and Performance Analysis, Chapman & Hall/CRC Computer & Information Science Series, 2004.\n J. Stankovic et al., Deadline Scheduling for Real-Time Systems, Kluwer Aacademic, Boston, 1998,\n\nArticles connexes \n Th\u00e9orie de l'ordonnancement\n Ordonnancement de t\u00e2ches informatiques\n\nOrdonnanceur\nAlgorithme d'ordonnancement\nProgrammation concurrente", "meta": {"title": "Ordonnancement dans les syst\u00e8mes d'exploitation", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordonnancement%20dans%20les%20syst%C3%A8mes%20d%27exploitation", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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"https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nososticta salomonis \u00e4r en trollsl\u00e4ndeart. Nososticta salomonis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Nososticta och familjen Protoneuridae.\n\nUnderarter \n\nArten delas in i f\u00f6ljande underarter:\n\n N. s. eburnea\n N. s. salomonis\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nTrollsl\u00e4ndor\nsalomonis", "meta": {"title": "Nososticta salomonis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nososticta%20salomonis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hyposmocoma kahamanoa is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is endemic to Oahu. The species belongs to the amphibious caterpillar guild of the genus Hyposmocoma.\n\nReferences\n\nK\nEndemic moths of Hawaii\nBiota of Oahu\nMoths described in 2011", "meta": {"title": "Hyposmocoma kahamanoa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyposmocoma%20kahamanoa", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vista Alegre is an administrative neighborhood (barrio) of Madrid belonging to the district of Carabanchel. It has an area of . As of 1 February 2020, it as a population of 47,757. The Palacio Vistalegre, a multipurpose arena, is located in the neighborhood.\n\nReferences \n\nWards of Madrid\nCarabanchel", "meta": {"title": "Vista Alegre (Madrid)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vista%20Alegre%20%28Madrid%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nasrollah Entezam (em persa \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645; ; Teer\u00e3,  \u2013 ) foi um ministro e diplomata iraniano.\n\nEm 1943 foi nomeado Ministro da Sa\u00fade no gabinete do primeiro ministro Ahmad Qavam. No gabinete seguinte de Ali Soheili assumiu inicialmente o Minist\u00e9rio dos Correios, Tel\u00e9grafo e Telefone e depois o Minist\u00e9rio dos Transportes. Chefiou o Minist\u00e9rio dos Transportes at\u00e9 sua nomea\u00e7\u00e3o como Ministro das Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Exteriores pelo primeiro-ministro Morteza Gholi Bayat. Em mar\u00e7o de 1945 Entezam renunciou ao cargo de Ministro das Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Exteriores para viajar com a delega\u00e7\u00e3o iraniana a S\u00e3o Francisco para a assembleia de funda\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas. A partir de 1947 foi o representante permanente e embaixador do seu pa\u00eds na Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas (ONU). Entezam foi Presidente da Assembleia Geral das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas em 1950.\n\nEm 1953 Entezam foi chamado de volta pelo primeiro-ministro Mohammed Mossadegh como embaixador nas Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas, sendo imediatamente enviado para Washington, D.C. ap\u00f3s a derrubada de Mossadegh como embaixador iraniano. Em 1958 Entezam foi enviado a Paris como embaixador. Em 1962 retornou ao Ir\u00e3 para se tornar ministro sem pasta no gabinete do primeiro-ministro Asadollah Alam.\n\nSeu irm\u00e3o Abdullah Entezam-Saltaneh foi embaixador e Ministro das Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Exteriores do Ir\u00e3.\n\nBibliografia\nAbbas Milani: Eminent Persians: the men and women who made modern Iran (1941-1979). Syracuse University Press, Nova Iorque, 2008, p. 129\u2013133.\n\nPresidentes da Assembleia Geral das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas\nRepresentantes Permanentes do Ir\u00e3o nas Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas\nEmbaixadores do Ir\u00e3o nos Estados Unidos\nEmbaixadores do Ir\u00e3o na Fran\u00e7a\nNaturais de Teer\u00e3", "meta": {"title": "Nasrollah Entezam", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasrollah%20Entezam", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0415\u043b\u0456\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u043d \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0456\u043e\u0441 (,  11 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044f 1993, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440-\u0434\u0435-\u041a\u0443\u0457\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043e) \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0431\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0443 \u00ab\u0411\u0440\u044e\u0433\u0433\u0435\u00bb.\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0432, \u0437\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431 \u00ab\u0414\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0432\u043e \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u00bb, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043e\u043b\u0456\u043c\u043f\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0443 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\n\n\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0431\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0456 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0431\u0456\u0457 \u0437 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0443\n\u0424\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0456\u043c\u043f\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 2016\n\u0424\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u00ab\u0414\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0432\u043e \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u00bb\n\u0424\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u00ab\u041b\u0430 \u0415\u043a\u0456\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0430\u00bb\n\u0424\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u00ab\u0411\u0440\u044e\u0433\u0433\u0435\u00bb\n\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0431\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\n\u0424\u0443\u0442\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0456\u0457", "meta": {"title": "\u0415\u043b\u0456\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u043d \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0456\u043e\u0441", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%20%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%81", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Mar\u00e9cage bois\u00e9 (Boslandschap met een vijver met waterlelies) est une peinture \u00e0 l'huile () de Jacob van Ruisdael conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage de Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e entre 1665 et 1669.\n\nCette toile repr\u00e9sente un mar\u00e9cage ombrag\u00e9 par des arbres aux formes tourment\u00e9es. Les tons chromatiques du paysage, du brun au vert fonc\u00e9, se diff\u00e9rencient nettement du reste : un ciel azur\u00e9 avec quelques nuages immacul\u00e9s. Sur la rivi\u00e8re qui traverse la mar\u00e9cage au loin, on remarque un personnage debout sur une petite barque s'aidant d'une perche. Sous les arbres des canards blancs sont pr\u00eats \u00e0 s'envoler.  \n\nCe tableau a \u00e9t\u00e9 document\u00e9 par Cornelis Hofstede de Groot en 1911 : . Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 achet\u00e9 par l'imp\u00e9ratrice apr\u00e8s 1763 aux h\u00e9ritiers du comte von Br\u00fchl qui lui vendirent plus de six cents tableaux.\n\nCette sc\u00e8ne ressemble \u00e0 d'autres tableaux de Ruisdael de la m\u00eame \u00e9poque et a inspir\u00e9 des paysagistes par la suite.\n\nCe tableau a \u00e9t\u00e9 expos\u00e9 \u00e0 La Haye (exposition Jacob van Ruisdael) au Koninklijk Kabinet van Schilderijen Mauritshuis du  au .\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nBibliographie \nA.E. Krol et You. Roussokov (r\u00e9d.), Mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage. D\u00e9partement de l'art occidental. Catalogue des peintures, L\u00e9ningrad-Moscou (\u00e9d. Ermitage) 1958, dl. 2, p. 244\n\nVoir aussi \nPaysage de montagne avec un moulin, de Ruisdael, \u00e9galement conserv\u00e9 au mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage\nSc\u00e8ne de plage, de Ruisdael, \u00e9galement conserv\u00e9 au mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage\n\nLiens externes \n\n  Site officiel du mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage\n\nTableau de Jacob van Ruisdael\nTableau des ann\u00e9es 1660\nPaysage dans la peinture\nCours d'eau dans la peinture\nOiseau dans la peinture\nBateau dans la peinture\n\u0152uvre conserv\u00e9e au mus\u00e9e de l'Ermitage", "meta": {"title": "Mar\u00e9cage bois\u00e9", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%A9cage%20bois%C3%A9", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": ".\n\nVarianti\nAlterati: Ledina\nMaschile: Ledo\nAlterati: Ledino\n\nOrigine e diffusione\n\nSi tratta di un nome di tradizione classica, portato nella mitologia greca da Leda, principessa spartana che Zeus sedusse trasformandosi in cigno, e che fu madre, tra gli altri, dei Dioscuri. Il suo nome deriva, tramite il latino Leda, dal greco antico \u039b\u03ae\u03b4\u03b1 (Leda) o \u039b\u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 (Lede), la cui etimologia \u00e8 fortemente incerta; tolta l'antica paretimologia che lo collegava a \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd (loidor\u00e9in, \"ingiuriare\"), che Tagliavini definisce \"impossibile\", nello studio onomastico moderno viene generalmente considerato pregreco, correlabile al termine licio lada, col significato di \"donna\", \"moglie\" (lo stesso del nome Kyllikki).\n\nIn Italia, il suo uso \u00e8 documentato a partire dal Rinascimento, ed ha ricevuto ulteriore spinta dal racconto di Gabriele D'Annunzio del 1916 La Leda senza cigno; intorno agli anni settanta si contavano del nome circa 29.000 occorrenze, accentrate principalmente in Toscana ed Emilia-Romagna.\n\nOnomastico\nNon esistono sante con questo nome, che \u00e8 quindi adespota; l'onomastico si pu\u00f2 eventualmente festeggiare il 1\u00ba novembre, festa di Ognissanti.\n\nPersone\n\nLeda Antinori, partigiana e antifascista italiana\nLeda Battisti, cantautrice e chitarrista italiana\nLeda Cosmides, psicologa statunitense\nLeda Gloria, attrice italiana\nLeda Gys, attrice italiana\nLeda Melluso, scrittrice e insegnante italiana\nLeda Rafanelli, politica, anarchica e scrittrice italiana\nLeda Volpi, politica e neurologa italiana\n\nIl nome nelle arti\nLeda \u00e8 un personaggio dell'omonimo film d'animazione giapponese.\nLeda \u00e8 la protagonista del romanzo La figlia oscura scritto da Elena Ferrante.\nLeda Nigiotti, personaggio del film La prima cosa bella, interpretata da Isabella Cecchi.\n\nToponimi\nLeda \u00e8 un satellite di Giove.\n38 Leda \u00e8 un asteroide della fascia principale.\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia\n\nAltri progetti\n\nPrenomi di origine ignota", "meta": {"title": "Leda (nome)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leda%20%28nome%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Monde tel qu'il sera est un roman d'anticipation d'\u00c9mile Souvestre publi\u00e9 en 1846 \u00e0 Paris. Les illustrations sont de Bertall, Octave Penguilly L'Haridon et Prosper Saint-Germain.\n\nR\u00e9sum\u00e9 \nEn 1840, un jeune couple parisien, Marthe et Maurice, fortement \u00e9pris, heureux et id\u00e9alistes, s\u2019interrogent sur l\u2019avenir du monde. Ils souhaitent ardemment conna\u00eetre le futur, v\u00e9rifier si les r\u00eaves qu\u2019ils font se r\u00e9aliseront. Sans trop y croire, Marthe en vient \u00e0 invoquer le g\u00e9nie protecteur de leur \u00e9poque.\n\nSurgit alors, \u00e0 bord d'une , un curieux petit homme ressemblant \u00e0 . Il s'agit de M. John Progr\u00e8s, qui propose d'endormir les tourtereaux pour leur permettre de d\u00e9couvrir le monde de l'an ...\n\nAnalyse \n\nProposant un r\u00e9cit d'anticipation qui se situe en l'an , le roman appara\u00eet comme la premi\u00e8re dystopie fran\u00e7aise. Volontiers caricatural, ironique, anachronique, d\u00e9cal\u00e9, ce roman est riche d\u2019enseignements sur l\u2019image que l\u2019on peut se faire du futur au milieu du . L'auteur est tr\u00e8s influenc\u00e9 par les doctrines fouri\u00e9riste et saint-simonienne pr\u00f4nant l'\u00e9galitarisme, ici moqu\u00e9. Pr\u00e9figurant le genre du roman scientifique \u00e0 la Jules Verne, \u00c9mile Souvestre est l\u2019un des premiers auteurs \u00e0 imaginer les effets n\u00e9gatifs possibles du progr\u00e8s dans le cadre d\u2019un roman dans lequel individualisme et enrichissement personnel sont exacerb\u00e9s.\n\nExtraits\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nAnnexes\n\nBibliographie \n .\n .\n .\n .\n\nVoir aussi \n L'An 2440, r\u00eave s'il en fut jamais (1771)\n\nLiens externes\n\n Le Monde tel qu'il sera, L'\u00c9chapp\u00e9e, 2014, , notice \u00e9diteur.\n\nAnticipation sociale\nRoman fran\u00e7ais paru en 1846\nRoman satirique\n1846 en science-fiction", "meta": {"title": "Le Monde tel qu'il sera", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Monde%20tel%20qu%27il%20sera", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0410\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0436 \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0412\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u043c\u044e\u0440, \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438 104,73 \u043a\u043c\u00b2 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 4844 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 (\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 46 \u0447\u0435\u043b./\u043a\u043c\u00b2), \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 48,25 % \u2014 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 51,75 % \u2014 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 2003 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b 10\u00a0493 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434: 5370, 5372, 5374, 5376. \u0422\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434: 083.\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n www.havelange.be\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u043c\u044e\u0440", "meta": {"title": "\u0410\u0432\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0436 (\u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0438\u044f)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B6%20%28%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tx / tx es un d\u00edgrafo del alfabeto latino compuesto por t y x. Se usa en catal\u00e1n y euskera para representar el sonido de la consonante africada postalveolar sorda, /t\u0361\u0283/. \n\nEs com\u00fan en ambos idiomas la sustituci\u00f3n total de ch- por tx- en nombres extranjeros; como en chip, txip o en k\u00e9tchup, CATqu\u00e8txup o EUS ketxup; chi kung como txi kung. Incluso en top\u00f3nimos como Checoslovaquia, CAT Txecoslov\u00e0quia y EUS Txekoslovakia.\n\nCatal\u00e1n \nAl final de una palabra, los grupos \u2013tx y \u2013ig representan el mismo sonido /\u2013t\u0361\u0283/. Se trata de un sonido sordo africado, como en las palabras despatx (\u00abdespacho\u00bb) y maig (\u00abmayo\u00bb). La hifenaci\u00f3n del catal\u00e1n tiende a separar los d\u00edgrafos. As\u00ed pues, esmotxar se separ\u00eda es-mot-xar (\u00abdesmochar\u00bb) y xitxarel\u00b7lo xit-xa-rel-lo (\u00abaprendiz\u00bb).\n\nEn catal\u00e1n, existe la controversia sobre si deber\u00eda existir el d\u00edgrafo tx- a principio de palabra, pues representa el mismo sonido que la x- al principio de palabra. Esto da lugar a que en catal\u00e1n haya palabras que se escriban con tx-, como en Txad (Chad), mientras que hay palabras que se escriben con x-, como en Xile (Chile).\n\nEuskera \nEn euskera se usa tx para representar /t\u0361\u0283/, como la ch en castellano. Ejemplos son amatxi (\u00ababuela\u00bb) o txorizo (\u00abchorizo\u00bb). En el pa\u00eds vasco franc\u00e9s, las palabras con tx no tienen un equivalente fonol\u00f3gico en el idioma franc\u00e9s (ya que en este idioma el d\u00edgrafo ch representa el sonido /\u222b/), por lo que es com\u00fan que los nombres se transcriban con -tch-, como en EUS Etxeberri, ESP Echeberri y FR Etcheberri. Este sonido no se debe confundir con la consonante africada alveolar sorda /t\u0361s/, tambi\u00e9n existente en el euskera y que se representa mediante otros dos d\u00edgrafos: ts (cuando es apical) y tz (cuando es laminar). En la ortograf\u00eda medieval del vasco se us\u00f3 ts para representar /t\u0361\u0283/.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n\n Th\n Tz\n Ll\n Rr\n Sh\n Kh\n\nReferencias \n\nD\u00edgrafos del catal\u00e1n\nD\u00edgrafos de la escritura latina", "meta": {"title": "Tx", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tx", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Il Cippo di Carpegna (il nome deriva dal fatto che tale salita porta alla localit\u00e0 omonima, cos\u00ec chiamata per la presenza di un cippo ivi eretto in memoria di Sandro Italico Mussolini) \u00e8 una salita relativamente breve, ma durissima situata sul Monte Carpegna, gruppo montuoso sito nell'Appennino Tosco-Romagnolo.\n\nLa salita \u00e8 stata resa celebre da Marco Pantani, che era solito scalare questa ripida salita durante i suoi allenamenti: ; in memoria dello scalatore romagnolo, riprendendo una sua celebre frase, ogni anno a Carpegna si corre una Gran Fondo in mountain bike chiamata \"Il Carpegna mi basta!!\".\n\nNote\n\nSalite ciclistiche in Italia\nProvincia di Pesaro e Urbino\nProvincia di Arezzo", "meta": {"title": "Cippo della Carpegna", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cippo%20della%20Carpegna", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Triptyque des Monts et Ch\u00e2teaux is a Belgian cycling road race. It was first held in 1996. Since 2005, the race has been organised as a 2.2 event on the UCI Europe Tour.\n\nList of winners\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nCycle races in Belgium\nRecurring sporting events established in 1996\n1996 establishments in Belgium\nUCI Europe Tour races", "meta": {"title": "Le Triptyque des Monts et Ch\u00e2teaux", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Triptyque%20des%20Monts%20et%20Ch%C3%A2teaux", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Freistadt est une ville autrichienne, le chef-lieu du district de Freistadt dans le Land de Haute-Autriche. Elle se trouve au nord du pays, pr\u00e8s de la fronti\u00e8re tch\u00e8que, et est une des rares villes en Autriche \u00e0 avoir conserv\u00e9 la presque int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 de ses fortifications m\u00e9di\u00e9vales.\n\nG\u00e9ographie \nLa cit\u00e9 se situe dans la r\u00e9gion de M\u00fchlviertel dans un vaste bassin au milieu du plateau granitique d'Autriche, la partie sud-est du massif de Boh\u00eame. Le centre ville se trouve \u00e0 17 kilom\u00e8tres au sud de la fronti\u00e8re tch\u00e8que et \u00e0 38 kilom\u00e8tres au nord-est de Linz, capitale du Land.\n\nHistoire \nFond\u00e9e en 1220, Freistadt se trouve sur la voie commerciale qui relie la Boh\u00eame \u00e0 l'Autriche. En profitant de plusieurs privil\u00e8ges (tous les  commer\u00e7ants doivent payer pour avoir le droit de traverser la ville) et de  sa position strat\u00e9gique, la ville fait vite fortune. Pour prot\u00e9ger la  ville contre des incursions hostiles, une fortification impressionnante est construite, qui existe encore aujourd'hui. Apr\u00e8s la guerre de Trente Ans, la Boh\u00eame fait partie du royaume des Habsbourg et par cons\u00e9quent Freistadt perd sa signification comme ville fronti\u00e8re.\n\nCulture \n\nLe mus\u00e9e de la ville dispose de quelque 18 000 pi\u00e8ces d\u2019exposition qui sont en rapport avec l'histoire de la ville. Les visiteurs y trouvent une grande collection de peintures sur verre, de c\u00e9ramiques ainsi que des outils d\u2019artisans. D\u2019ailleurs le mus\u00e9e organise r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement des expositions de peintres, photographes.\n\n\u00c0 Freistadt on trouve la derni\u00e8re commune de brasserie au sein de l\u2019Europe, dans laquelle tous les propri\u00e9taires de la vieille ville ont une participation.\n\nPersonnalit\u00e9s \n Hubert Hanghofer (1951-), designer autrichien, est n\u00e9 \u00e0 Freistadt.\n Karl Kronberger (ou Carl Kronberger, 1841-1921), peintre autrichien, est n\u00e9 \u00e0 Freistadt.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n\n \n \n \n \n\nCommune en Haute-Autriche\nVille en Autriche", "meta": {"title": "Freistadt", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freistadt", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Intellectual Property Law Certification is offered by the Florida Bar.\n\nPurpose \nThe purpose of the standards is to identify those lawyers who practice intellectual property law and have the special knowledge, skills, and proficiency, as well as the character, ethics, and reputation for professionalism, to be properly identified to the public as certified intellectual property lawyers.\n\nQualifications \nMinimum standards for certification in intellectual property law include at least five years of full time law practice during the five years immediately preceding the date of application; substantial involvement 30 percent or more in the practice of intellectual property law during the three years preceding application; experience in patent prosecution, patent infringement litigation, trademark law and/or copyright law (40 patent matters, five contested matters in litigation or on appeal, six contested trademark matters or 25 responses to substantive refusals, 40 substantive copyright law matters involving representation of a client); peer review; completion of 45 hours of continuing legal education within the three years immediately preceding application, and a written examination demonstrating knowledge, skills and proficiency in the field of intellectual property law.\n\nHistory \nThe Florida Bar established Intellectual Property Law Certification in 2006.\n132 attorneys were certified as of May 9, 2014, in Intellectual Property by the Florida Bar.\n\nReferences\n\nFlorida law", "meta": {"title": "Intellectual Property Law Certification", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual%20Property%20Law%20Certification", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Connie Curtis Crayton, conhecido por Pee Wee Crayton, nasceu a 18 de Dezembro de 1914, em Rockdale, no Texas, era um guitarrista e cantor de Rhythm and blues.\n\nCome\u00e7ou a tocar guitarra em meados dos anos 30, quando foi viver para S\u00e3o Francisco. A\u00ed, foi influenciado pela m\u00fasica de T-Bone Walker, mas desenvolveu o seu pr\u00f3prio estilo. A sua forma agressiva de tocar contrastava com a suavidade da sua maneira de cantar, no que foi copiado por muitos guitarristas de blues posteriores.\n\nEm 1948 assinou um contrato com a editora Modern Records. Uma das suas primeiras grava\u00e7\u00f5es foi o instrumental \"Blues After Hours\", que chegou ao primeiro lugar nas tabelas de vendas de discos de R&B nesse ano, sendo seguida por grava\u00e7\u00f5es igualmente imaginativas como \u201cTexas Hop\u201d e \u201cPoppa Stoppa\". Nos anos 50 gravou em muitas outras editoras, nomeadamente em Nova Orle\u00e3es e Chicago.\n\nPensa-se que Pee Wee Crayton foi o primeiro guitarrista de blues a usar uma Fender Stratocaster que lhe ter\u00e1 sido dada pelo pr\u00f3prio Leo Fender.\n\nApesar de um regresso modesto nos anos 70, n\u00e3o conseguiu obter mais sucessos comerciais.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas\n um artigo sobre Pee Wee Crayton em ingl\u00eas\n Pee Wee Crayton na Cascade Blues Association\n\nCantores dos Estados Unidos\nCompositores dos Estados Unidos\nGuitarristas de blues\nGuitarristas dos Estados Unidos", "meta": {"title": "Pee Wee Crayton", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pee%20Wee%20Crayton", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tye Kayle Sheridan (Elkhart, Texas; 11 de noviembre de 1996) es un actor estadounidense. Es conocido por sus interpretaciones en cine tales como Steve en El \u00e1rbol de la vida (2011), Ben Goudy en Scouts Guide to the Zombie Apocalypse (2015), C\u00edclope en X-Men: Apocalypse (2016), Wade Watts en Ready Player One (2018) y C\u00edclope en X-Men: Dark Phoenix.\n\n Biograf\u00eda \n Vida y carrera \nSheridan naci\u00f3 en Elkhart, una peque\u00f1a ciudad en el este de Texas, cerca de tres horas al norte de Houston.\n\nComenz\u00f3 su carrera en el cine representando a Steve en la pel\u00edcula El \u00e1rbol de la vida. Se destac\u00f3 tambi\u00e9n en Mud, junto a Jacob Lofland como coprotagonista en el personaje de Neckbone. En la pel\u00edcula, dos adolescentes se encuentran con un fugitivo, Mud (Matthew McConaughey), con quien hacen un pacto para ayudarle a escapar de una isla en el Misisipi y reunirse con la mujer que ama (Reese Witherspoon). La pel\u00edcula est\u00e1 dirigida por Jeff Nichols, candidato para el Festival de Cine de Cannes 2012.\n\nEn 2013, Tye tambi\u00e9n represent\u00f3 a Gary en la pel\u00edcula Joe'', protagonizada por Nicholas Cage, trata acerca de un exconvicto, el m\u00e1s improbable de los modelos a seguir, que se encuentra con un joven de 15 a\u00f1os, y se enfrenta a la elecci\u00f3n de la redenci\u00f3n o la ruina.\n\nEn 2017 concluy\u00f3 su participaci\u00f3n en la pel\u00edcula basada en el libro de Ernest Cline, Ready Player One, siendo el protagonista.\n\nEn 2021 rod\u00f3 \"El contador de cartas\" (The Card Counter), dirigida por Paul Schrader y protagonizada por Oscar Isaac.\n\nFilmograf\u00eda\n\nPremios y distinciones \nFestival Internacional de Cine de Venecia\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n \n\nNacidos en Texas\nActores de cine de Estados Unidos\nActores de voz de Estados Unidos\nActores infantiles de Estados Unidos\nActores de Texas\nActores masculinos de Estados Unidos del siglo XXI", "meta": {"title": "Tye Sheridan", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tye%20Sheridan", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bedford \u00e4r en kommun av typen som p\u00e5 franska kallas municipalit\u00e9 de canton (p\u00e5 engelska township) i Kanada. Den ligger i regionen Mont\u00e9r\u00e9gie och provinsen Qu\u00e9bec, i den syd\u00f6stra delen av landet, 220 km \u00f6ster om huvudstaden Ottawa. Antalet inv\u00e5nare \u00e4r 699. Arean \u00e4r 32 kvadratkilometer.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar\nCanton de Bedford, kommunens webbplats\n\nKommuner i Qu\u00e9bec", "meta": {"title": "Bedford (kommun (canton) i Qu\u00e9bec)", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedford%20%28kommun%20%28canton%29%20i%20Qu%C3%A9bec%29", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Zahr\u00e1dka pu\u00f2 riferirsi a diversi toponimi della Repubblica Ceca:\nZahr\u00e1dka \u2013 comune del distretto di Plze\u0148-sever, nella regione di Plze\u0148\nZahr\u00e1dka \u2013 comune del distretto di T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010d, nella regione di Vyso\u010dina", "meta": {"title": "Zahr\u00e1dka", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahr%C3%A1dka", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Purbaratu is een bestuurslaag in het regentschap Kota Tasikmalaya van de provincie West-Java, Indonesi\u00eb. Purbaratu telt 5378 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).\n\nPlaats in West-Java", "meta": {"title": "Purbaratu (plaats)", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purbaratu%20%28plaats%29", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Microsoft Manual of Style: Your Everyday Guide to Usage, Terminology, and Style for Professional Technical Communications (MSTP), in former editions the Microsoft Manual of Style for Technical Publications, was a style guide published by Microsoft. The fourth edition, , was published in 2012. Microsoft employees and partners also had access to a Microsoft Compressed HTML Help (CHM) version. \n\nIn 2018, the book was replaced by a website, the Microsoft Writing Style Guide, joining other online guides like the Apple Style Guide and Google Developer Documentation Style Guide.\n\nHistory \nFirst Edition: Published in 1995 ()\nSecond Edition: Published in June 1998 ()\nThird Edition: Published in June 2004 ()\nFourth Edition: Published in January 2012 ()\n\nPurpose \n\nLike any style guide, the MSTP establishes standards and serves as a reference for writers. The MSTP has the specific purpose of guiding technical writers, editors, and content managers working with Microsoft products. While the manual in some parts focuses on usage particular to these products, the guide also serves as a general tool for technical writers. Content ranges from specific instructions for naming particular elements of specific programs to general rules of grammar.\n\nContents \nThe MSTP is divided into two parts, preceded by a foreword and introduction.   \n\nPart 1 is titled \"General Topics\" and is sub-divided into the following 11 chapters:\n Content for the web: Defines parameters for all types of web content, including web, video, blog, international considerations and accessibility and legal considerations.\n Microsoft style and voice: Basic principles and style guide.\n Content for a worldwide audience: Provides instructions for ensuring that documents will be understood throughout the world by avoiding local references and making texts easy to translate.\n Accessible Content: Talks about accessibility in all areas including design, graphics and text; refers to acceptable terminology.\n The user interface: Provides standardized names for elements of the Microsoft user interface.\n Procedures and technical content: Provides guidelines for consistent formatting of procedures and other technical content to help users find important information quickly and efficiently\n Practical issues of style: Points out common problems ranging from capitalization to the formatting of style elements such as dates, numbers, and measurements. \n Grammar: Contains sections on the general usage of verbs and nouns.\n Punctuation: Contains information about using punctuation.\n Indexes and keywords: Provides guidelines for indexing and/or attributing content to ensure that it is discoverable for users.\n Acronyms and other abbreviations: Provides guidelines on consistent use of acronyms and abbreviations, including how and when to use them to avoid confusion.  It also contains a list of acronyms and abbreviations.\n\nPart 2 is an alphabetically arranged \"Usage Dictionary\" of terms commonly used in technical writing.\n\nExternal links \n \n\nStyle guides for technical and scientific writing\nMicrosoft culture\nMicrosoft initiatives\nMicrosoft Press books", "meta": {"title": "Microsoft Manual of Style", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Manual%20of%20Style", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Galeria Ferus foi uma galeria de arte norte-americana de arte contempor\u00e2nea que esteve aberta entre 1957-1966, e estava situada em Los Angeles, Calif\u00f3rnia.\n\nA galeria foi fundada em 1957 pelo curador Walter Hopps, o artista Edward Kienholz, e o poeta Bob Alexander por tr\u00e1s de uma antiga loja de La Cienega Boulevard. Em 1958, Kienholz saiu para se dedicar \u00e0 arte, sendo substitu\u00eddo por Irving Blum. Por esta altura, Sayde Moss, uma vi\u00fava rica, tornou-se s\u00f3cia e, com o seu apoio, a galeria passou para o outro lado da rua onde se encontrava, 723 N. La Cienega Boulevard.\n\nPrincipais exibi\u00e7\u00f5es\n\nEm 1962, foi exibida a pintura Latas de Sopa Campbell , juntamente com outras. Representou a primeira exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de pop art a solo de Andy Warhol. Cinco das pinturas foram vendidas por 100 USD cada, mas Blum comprou-as de volta para manter o conjunto intacto.\n\nGalerias de arte\nPop art\nAndy Warhol", "meta": {"title": "Galeria Ferus", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeria%20Ferus", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u044b (\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043a \u0412.\u00a0\u041f.\u00a0\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432);\n 1932\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e 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85 \u043b\u0435\u0442! \n \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430.\n\n\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u044b \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b\n\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041d\u0418\u0418\n\u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435", "meta": {"title": "\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u041d\u0410\u041c\u041d \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%20%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C%20%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8%20%D0%B8%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8%20%D0%9D%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9D%20%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "De Ahora en Adelante es el t\u00edtulo de un \u00e1lbum de estudio grabado por la cantante espa\u00f1ola Roc\u00edo Jurado. Lanzado por el sello discogr\u00e1fico RCA Victor en 1978. El \u00c1lbum cuenta con la composici\u00f3n y producci\u00f3n de Manuel Alejandro,  Ana Magdalena, David Beigbeder y Jos\u00e9 Antonio Alvarez Alija. Las canciones m\u00e1s destacadas del \u00e1lbum son \"Si Amanece\", \"Lo Siento Mi Amor\", \"Quisiera Morir Contigo\" y \"Mi Amante Amigo\".\n\nLista de Canciones \nTodas las canciones est\u00e1n compuestas por Manuel Alejandro y Ana Magdalena, excepto donde se indique\n\nEnlaces Extremos \nDe Ahora en Adelante Discogs\n\nReferencias \n\n\u00c1lbumes de Roc\u00edo Jurado", "meta": {"title": "De ahora en adelante (\u00e1lbum)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20ahora%20en%20adelante%20%28%C3%A1lbum%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Do\u0142no Osenowo (bu\u0142g. \u0414\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e \u041e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e) \u2013 wie\u015b w po\u0142udniowo-zachodniej Bu\u0142garii, w obwodzie B\u0142agojewgrad, w gminie Simitli. Wed\u0142ug danych Narodowego Instytutu Statystycznego, 31 grudnia 2011 roku wie\u015b liczy\u0142a 1369 mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w.\n\nPo\u0142o\u017cenie \nDo\u0142no Osenowo znajduje si\u0119 na stoka\u0142 Ri\u0142y. Znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 tu ciep\u0142e wody mineralne.\n\nDemografia\n\nPrzypisy\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n Przewodnik po Bu\u0142garii, wie\u015b Do\u0142no Osenowo \n\nWsie w obwodzie B\u0142agojewgrad", "meta": {"title": "Do\u0142no Osenowo", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%C5%82no%20Osenowo", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Irajatherium es un g\u00e9nero extinto de cinodonte tritelod\u00f3ntido conocido solo por la especie Irajatherium hernadezi. (Martinelli, 2005). Se llama as\u00ed en honor de Iraj\u00e1 Damiani Pinto.\n\nIrajatherium hernadezi es una especie conocida solo por un h\u00famero, un f\u00e9mur, dos mand\u00edbulas y el arco dental superior incompleto, tiene dientes caniniformes y postcaninos superiores en forma de pilares caracterizados por tener una c\u00faspide central m\u00e1s desarrollada, seguida por tres m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as. Estos restos f\u00f3siles fueron recolectados en el municipio de Faxinal do Soturno en el geoparque de Paleorrota, Formaci\u00f3n Caturrita, Brasil.\n\nNotas y referencias\n\nEnlaces externos\n Dinossauros do Rio grande do Sul.\n Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia.\n Figura.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n Paleorrota\n Pangea\n Anexo:Ter\u00e1psidos\n\nCynodontia\nSin\u00e1psidos de Am\u00e9rica del Sur\nSin\u00e1psidos del Tri\u00e1sico", "meta": {"title": "Irajatherium", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irajatherium", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u041b\u044f\u0445\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8F%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C%20%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%20%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00c9variste Galois (Bourg-la-Reine, 1811. okt\u00f3ber 25. \u2013 P\u00e1rizs, 1832. m\u00e1jus 31.) francia matematikus, a Galois-elm\u00e9let megalkot\u00f3ja.\n\n\u00c9letp\u00e1ly\u00e1ja \n\nIskol\u00e1it a Lyc\u00e9e Louis-le-Grand-ban, majd az \u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure-\u00f6n v\u00e9gezte. \u00c9lete sor\u00e1n t\u00f6bb iskol\u00e1val is pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkozott, \u00e9s k\u00e9ziratait is sz\u00e1mos alkalommal pr\u00f3b\u00e1lta k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 f\u00f3rumokon megjelentetni, de ez \u00e9let\u00e9ben nemt\u00f6rt\u00e9nt meg. A francia politikai kavarg\u00e1s alatt egy nyilv\u00e1nos levele miatt (melyet az iskola ideiglenes bez\u00e1r\u00e1sa ellen \u00edrt) az \u00c9cole-b\u00f3l 1831 janu\u00e1rj\u00e1ban kicsapt\u00e1k. R\u00f6vid id\u0151re elment katon\u00e1nak (a republik\u00e1nus t\u00fcz\u00e9rs\u00e9ghez, melyet nem sokkal ut\u00e1na feloszlattak), majd egy utcai besz\u00e9de miatt fels\u00e9gs\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9rt letart\u00f3ztatt\u00e1k, majd felmentett\u00e9k, r\u00e9szben fiatal kor\u00e1ra tekintettel. M\u00e1snap (j\u00falius 14-\u00e9n, a Bastille napj\u00e1n) a volt katonai ruh\u00e1j\u00e1ban, sz\u00e1mos fegyverrel jelent meg egy tiltakoz\u00e1son, ami miatt ism\u00e9t letart\u00f3ztatt\u00e1k, \u00e9s 6 h\u00f3napra b\u00f6rt\u00f6nbe z\u00e1rt\u00e1k (ahol el\u0151sz\u00f6r ivott alkoholt, ahol \u2013 rabt\u00e1rsa szerint \u2013 megj\u00f3solta k\u00e9s\u0151bbi hal\u00e1l\u00e1nak k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyeit, majd \u00f6ngyilkos akart lenni, amiben cellat\u00e1rsai akad\u00e1lyozt\u00e1k meg), mely id\u0151 alatt is dolgozott matematikai elm\u00e9letein. 1832 \u00e1prilis 29-\u00e9n szabadult.\n\n1832 m\u00e1jus 30-\u00e1n, 20 \u00e9vesen p\u00e1rbaj sor\u00e1n halt meg, melynek oka \u00e9s k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyei tiszt\u00e1zatlanok maradtak; a legval\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171bb egy szerelmi sz\u00e1l, de \u00e9letrajz\u00edr\u00f3i (legink\u00e1bb Eric Temple) nem z\u00e1rj\u00e1k ki a politikai okokb\u00f3l a rend\u0151rs\u00e9g \u00e9s a royalist\u00e1k \u00e1ltal megrendezett \u201ep\u00e1rbajt\u201d sem. Miut\u00e1n mellkas\u00e1n l\u00f6v\u00e9st szenvedett mind ellenfelei mind seg\u00edt\u0151je mag\u00e1ra hagyta, \u00e9s egy arra j\u00e1r\u00f3 gazda tal\u00e1lt r\u00e1. M\u00e1snap a H\u00f4pital Cochin-ban hunyt el. Temet\u00e9s\u00e9n zavarg\u00e1sok voltak \u00fagy is, hogy a jelent\u0151sebb, tervezett esem\u00e9nyeket a szervez\u0151k (Jean Maximilien Lamarque hal\u00e1l\u00e1nak kapcs\u00e1n) elhalasztott\u00e1k.\n\nUtols\u00f3 szavait \u00f6ccs\u00e9nek \u00edrt levele tartalmazta:\n\nMunk\u00e1ss\u00e1ga \n\nA Gergonne-f\u00e9le Annalesben a szakaszos l\u00e1nct\u00f6rtekr\u0151l, a Liouville Journalban a sz\u00e1mok \u00e9s az algebrai egyenletek elm\u00e9let\u00e9r\u0151l \u00e9rtekezett. \n\nH\u00e1trahagyott k\u00e9ziratait Joseph Liouville n\u00e9zte \u00e1t \u00e9s miut\u00e1n meggy\u0151z\u0151d\u00f6tt arr\u00f3l, hogy azok szakmailag hitelesek, kezdem\u00e9nyez\u00e9s\u00e9re azokat az 1846 okt\u00f3ber\u2013novemberi Journal de Math\u00e9matiques Pures et Appliqu\u00e9es publik\u00e1lta.\n\nGalois vetette meg az alapjait a kombinatorikus algebra m\u00f3dszereinek, \u00e9s fejtette ki az egyenletek algebrai megoldhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1nak krit\u00e9rium\u00e1t.\n\nA Galois-elm\u00e9let az absztrakt algebra egyik meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3 elm\u00e9lete. Az elm\u00e9let kapcsolatot ny\u00fajt a testelm\u00e9let \u00e9s a csoportelm\u00e9let k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. Galois v\u00edvm\u00e1ny\u00e1val a testelm\u00e9let bonyolult probl\u00e9m\u00e1it csoportelm\u00e9leti probl\u00e9m\u00e1kra lehet visszavezetni.\nGalois eredetileg polinomegyenletek gy\u00f6keinek egym\u00e1ssal val\u00f3 kapcsolat\u00e1t vizsg\u00e1lta, ezt pr\u00f3b\u00e1lta permut\u00e1ci\u00f3csoportokkal le\u00edrni. K\u00e9ziratainak egyik legh\u00edresebb eredm\u00e9nye volt az, hogy \u00f6t\u00f6dfok\u00fa gy\u00f6kmegold\u00f3 k\u00e9plet nem l\u00e9tezik \u00e9s hogy az \u00f6t\u00f6d- \u00e9s magasabbfok\u00fa egyentelek \u00e1ltal\u00e1noss\u00e1gban nem oldhat\u00f3ak meg gy\u00f6k\u00f6kkel.\n\nA Galois-elm\u00e9let tov\u00e1bbi absztrakci\u00f3j\u00e1t a Galois-kapcsolatok elm\u00e9lete adja.\n\nJegyzetek\n\nKapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 sz\u00f3cikkek \n A matematika t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete\n \u00d6t\u00f6dfok\u00fa egyenlet\n\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k \n A megal\u00e1zott g\u00e9niusz, YOUPROOF\n\n1811-ben sz\u00fcletett szem\u00e9lyek\n1832-ben elhunyt szem\u00e9lyek\nP\u00e1rbajban meg\u00f6lt szem\u00e9lyek\nFrancia matematikusok\nA montparnasse-i temet\u0151ben nyugv\u00f3 szem\u00e9lyek", "meta": {"title": "\u00c9variste Galois", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89variste%20Galois", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cejpek ist der Familienname folgender Personen:\n\n Henriette Cejpek (* 1960), \u00f6sterreichische Schauspielerin\n Lucas Cejpek (* 1956), \u00f6sterreichischer Schriftsteller und Regisseur", "meta": {"title": "Cejpek", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cejpek", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kotor Varo\u0161 nebo t\u00e9\u017e Kotor-Varo\u0161 (cyrilic\u00ed srbsky/bosensky \u041a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u0412\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0448) je m\u011bsto a s\u00eddlo stejnojmenn\u00e9 ob\u010diny s 22 000 obyvateli.Bosna a Hercegovina.\n\nOd roku 1995 podle Daytonsk\u00e9 dohody pat\u0159\u00ed do Republiky srbsk\u00e9.\n\nV roce 1991 zde \u017eilo 36 853\u00a0obyvatel, v roce 2013 u\u017e jen 22 001 obyvatel.\n\nPopulace\n\nReference\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n Zvani\u010dna stranica op\u0107ine Kotor-Varo\u0161\n http://www.maplandia.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/republika-srpska/siprage/ Maplandia\n https://web.archive.org/web/20170428052223/http://www.satellitecitymaps.com/europe-map/bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/federation-of-bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/%C5%A1iprage-map/\n http://www.distancesfrom.com/distance-from-Siprage-to-Banja-Luka-Bosna-i-Hercegovina/DistanceHistory/5243320.aspx\n http://www.maplandia.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/republika-srpska/siprage/ Maplandia\n https://web.archive.org/web/20170428052223/http://www.satellitecitymaps.com/europe-map/bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/federation-of-bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/%C5%A1iprage-map/\n http://www.distancesfrom.com/distance-from-Kotor Varo\u0161-to-Banja-Luka-Bosna-i-Hercegovina/DistanceHistory/5243320.aspx\n http://www.udaljenosti.com/bosna/\n\nM\u011bsta v Bosn\u011b a Hercegovin\u011b", "meta": {"title": "Kotor Varo\u0161", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotor%20Varo%C5%A1", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 2003\u201304 Moldovan \"B\" Division () was the 13th season of Moldovan football's third-tier league. There are 27 teams in the competition, in two groups, 14 in the North and 13 in the South.\n\n\"B\" Division North\n\nFinal standings \nTables at winter break:\n\nWinner: Vii\u015foara Mile\u015ftii Mici\n\n\"B\" Division South\n\nFinal standings \nTable at winter break:\n\nWinner: Olimp Tomai\n\nExternal links \n Moldova. Third Level 2003/04 - RSSSF\n \"B\" Division - moldova.sports.md\n\nMoldovan Liga 2 seasons\n3\nMoldova", "meta": {"title": "2003\u201304 Moldovan \"B\" Division", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003%E2%80%9304%20Moldovan%20%22B%22%20Division", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 1928 British Columbia general election was the seventeenth general election in the Province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on June 7, 1928, and held on July 18, 1928.  The new legislature met for the first time on January 22, 1929.\n\nThe Conservative Party defeated the governing Liberal Party, taking over half the popular vote, and 35 of the 48 seats in the legislature.  The Liberals' popular vote also increased significantly, but because of the disappearance of the Provincial Party and the Canadian Labour Party, which had won over 35% of the vote together in the previous election, the Liberals were defeated.  Notably, as of 2019, this remains the final election in British Columbia history where the Conservative Party would achieve power in its own right.\n\nResults\n\nNote:\n\n* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.\n\nResults by riding\n\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |William Robert Rutledge\n|align=\"center\"  |BurnabyConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |AlberniLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Laurence Arnold Hanna\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Roderick MacKenzie\n|align=\"center\"  |CaribooConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |AtlinLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Herbert Frederick Kergin\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |William Atkinson\n|align=\"center\"  |ChilliwackConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |ColumbiaLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |John Andrew Buckham\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |George Kerr McNaughton\n|align=\"center\"  |ComoxConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |CranbrookLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Frank Mitchell MacPherson\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Cyril Francis Davie\n|align=\"center\"  |Cowichan-NewcastleConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |NanaimoLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |George Sharratt Pearson\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Fred W. Lister\n|align=\"center\"  |CrestonConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |New WestminsterLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Arthur Wellesley Gray\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |John Walter Berry\n|align=\"center\"  |DeltaConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |North VancouverLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Ian Alistair MacKenzie\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Nelson Seymour Lougheed\n|align=\"center\"  |DewdneyConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |OminecaLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Alexander Malcolm Manson\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Robert Henry Pooley\n|align=\"center\"  |EsquimaltConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Prince RupertLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Thomas Dufferin Pattullo2\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Frederick Parker Burden\n|align=\"center\"  |Fort GeorgeConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |RevelstokeLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |William Henry Sutherland\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Charles Morgan Kingston\n|align=\"center\"  |Grand Forks-GreenwoodConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |SkeenaLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |Horace Cooper Wrinch\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Cyrus Wesley Peck\n|align=\"center\"  |The IslandsConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |YaleLiberal\n|align=\"center\"  |John Joseph Alban Gillis\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |John Ralph Michell\n|align=\"center\"  |KamloopsConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |FernieIndependent Labour Party\n|align=\"center\"  |Thomas Aubert Uphill\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |James Fitzsimmon\n|align=\"center\"  |Kaslo-SlocanConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Ernest Crawford Carson\n|align=\"center\"  |LillooetConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Michael Manson\n|align=\"center\"  |MackenzieConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Lorris E. Borden\n|align=\"center\"  |NelsonConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |William Farris Kennedy\n|align=\"center\"  |North OkanaganConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Samuel Lyness Howe\n|align=\"center\"  |Richmond-Point GreyConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |James Hargrave Schofield\n|align=\"center\"  |Rossland-TrailConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Simon Fraser Tolmie 1\n|align=\"center\"  |SaanichConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Rolf Wallgren Bruhn \n|align=\"center\"  |Salmon ArmConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |William Alexander McKenzie \n|align=\"center\"  |SimilkameenConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |James William Jones \n|align=\"center\"  |South OkanaganConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Jonathan Webster Cornett \n|align=\"center\"  |South VancouverConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |William Dick \n|align=\"center\" rowspan=6 |Vancouver CityConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Thomas Henry Kirk \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Royal Maitland \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |William Curtis Shelly \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Nelson Spencer \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |George Alexander Walkem \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |James Harry Beatty \n|align=\"center\" rowspan=4 |Victoria CityConservative\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Reginald Hayward \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Joshua Hinchcliffe \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|align=\"center\"  |Harold Despard Twigg \n||\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n|-\n|-\n|-\n|-\n|\n|align=\"center\"|1  Premier-Elect\n|-\n|\n|align=\"center\"|2  Leader of the Opposition\n|-\n| align=\"center\" colspan=\"10\"|Source: Elections BC\n|-\n|}\n\nNotes\n\nSee also\nList of British Columbia political parties\n\nFurther reading\n \n\n1928\n1928 elections in Canada\n1928 in British Columbia\nJuly 1928 events", "meta": {"title": "1928 British Columbia general election", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1928%20British%20Columbia%20general%20election", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Pierre Eug\u00e8ne Onfroy de Br\u00e9ville (* 21. Februar 1861 in Bar-le-Duc; \u2020 23. September 1949 in Paris) war ein franz\u00f6sischer Komponist.\n\nLeben \nDer Sohn eines Juristen absolvierte in Vorbereitung auf den diplomatischen Dienst ein Jurastudium, entschied sich dann aber f\u00fcr eine musikalische Laufbahn. Er studierte am Pariser Konservatorium bei Th\u00e9odore Dubois und erhielt 1883\u201384 mehrere Preise der Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 internationale des organistes et ma\u00eetres de chapelle f\u00fcr kirchenmusikalische Werke. Zur gleichen Zeit entstanden seine ersten Lieder.\n\n1888 reiste er mit dem S\u00e4nger Maurice Bag\u00e8s de Trigny zu den Bayreuther Festspielen. Hier lernte er \u00fcber Vincent d\u2019Indy C\u00e9sar Franck und seine Sch\u00fcler Charles Bordes, Ernest Chausson und Henri Duparc kennen, mit denen er sich befreundete. Bis zu dessen Tod 1890 war er Sch\u00fcler von C\u00e9sar Franck.\n\nDanach studierte er bei Vincent d\u2019Indy, der ihn 1898 als Kontrapunktlehrer an die Schola Cantorum von Paris holte. Au\u00dferdem wurde er Nachfolger d\u2019Indys als Pr\u00e4sident der Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Nationale de Musique. In der Zeit des Ersten Weltkrieges unterrichtete er Kammermusik am Conservatoire de Paris.\n\nHatte de Br\u00e9ville bislang \u00fcberwiegend Lieder, Orchesterwerke und Opern komponiert, wandte er sich ab 1915 verst\u00e4rkt der Kammermusik zu. Es entstanden u.\u00a0a. Sonaten f\u00fcr Violine, f\u00fcr Viola, f\u00fcr Cello und f\u00fcr Oboe und Klavier, ein Konzert f\u00fcr Klaviertrio und eine Suite f\u00fcr Instrumentalensemble. Au\u00dferdem verfasste er musikgeschichtliche Schriften und ver\u00f6ffentlichte zwischen 1935 und 1938 im Mercure de France seine Erinnerungen an C\u00e9sar Franck.\n\nWerke \nAve Verum, 1893\nLa Nuit de d\u00e9cembre\nStamboul\nSans pardon\nlEros vainqueur, lyrische Erz\u00e4hlung\nLa T\u00eate de Kenvarc\u2019h, lyrische Szene\nLa Princesse Maleine, Oper\nLe Pays des f\u00e9es, Schauspielmusik\nLes Sept Princesses, Schauspielmusik\nSonate f\u00fcr Violine und Klavier, 1918\nCantique de Moli\u00e8re, 1924\nPo\u00e8me dramatique f\u00fcr Cello und Klavier, 1924\nSonatine f\u00fcr Oboe und Klavier, 1925\nSonate f\u00fcr Violine und Klavier, 1927\nSonate f\u00fcr Cello und Klavier, 1930\nFantaisie appassionata f\u00fcr Cello und Klavier, 1934\nSonate f\u00fcr Violine und Klavier, 1942\nSonate f\u00fcr Violine und Klavier, 1943\nConcert \u00e0 Trois f\u00fcr Klaviertrio, 1945\nSonate f\u00fcr Violine und Klavier, 1947\nSuite f\u00fcr Instrumentalquintett und Saxophonquartett\n\nSchriften \nHistoire du th\u00e9\u00e2tre lyrique en France\nLes Fioretti du P\u00e8re Franck (Mercure de France, September 1935 bis Januar 1938)\n\nWeblinks \n \n\nKomponist (Frankreich)\nKomponist (Romantik)\nKomponist klassischer Musik (20. Jahrhundert)\nKomponist (Oper)\nKomponist (Kirchenmusik)\nFranzose\nGeboren 1861\nGestorben 1949\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Pierre de Br\u00e9ville", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre%20de%20Br%C3%A9ville", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dieter Notz (born 18 September 1955) is a German cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 15 kilometre event at the 1980 Winter Olympics. He also competed in long-distance running, placing tenth in the short race at the 1985 World Mountain Running Trophy, 20th at the 1988 Berlin Marathon, and seventh at the Munich Marathon that same year.\n\nReferences\n\n1955 births\nLiving people\nPeople from Bad Urach\nSportspeople from T\u00fcbingen (region)\nGerman male cross-country skiers\nGerman male long-distance runners\nGerman male marathon runners\nOlympic cross-country skiers of West Germany\nCross-country skiers at the 1980 Winter Olympics\n20th-century German people\n21st-century German people", "meta": {"title": "Dieter Notz", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieter%20Notz", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "1955 \u2014 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0301 \u0442\u044b\u0301\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0301\u0442 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0301\u0442 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u2014 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c:\n\n 1955 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 1954 \u0438 1956.\n 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u2014 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f.\n\n\u0412 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0438 \n NGC 1955 \u2014 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0420\u044b\u0431\u0430.\n\n\u0412 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \n 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435\n\n\u0412 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \n 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\n 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0435\n 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420\n\n\u0412 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \n 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435\n\n\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0435 \n 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0435", "meta": {"title": "1955 (\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955%20%28%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0414\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441 \u041a\u043e\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0442 (, 16 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1940\u00a0\u2014 14 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 2017)\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 , \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0430\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433.\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u041d\u044c\u044e-\u0419\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 16 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1940 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0423\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0443\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 1962 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u041c\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u042d\u043d\u043d-\u0410\u0440\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435, \u0432 1964 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430.\n\n\u0412 1969 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u042d\u043d\u043d-\u0410\u0440\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0438. \u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u042d\u043d\u043d-\u0410\u0440\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0414\u044c\u044e\u043a\u0430, \u0441 1968 \u043f\u043e 1973 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0434\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b.\n\n\u0421 1973 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u041a\u043e\u0445\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u0410\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0430, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0430 (CHAPA). \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Flora Mesoamericana.\n\n\u0427\u043b\u0435\u043d \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0438 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a.\n\n\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f 14 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 2017 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043e\u0445\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u0445\u0438\u043a\u043e.\n\n\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0421\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0414. \u041a\u043e\u0445\u0430 \n \n \n \n \n \n , nom. nov.\u00a0\u2014\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u043e\u0445, \u0421\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0414\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%85%2C%20%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%20%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Milivoje \u017divanovi\u0107 (ur. 2 kwietnia 1900 w Po\u017earevcu, zm. 15 listopada 1976 w Belgradzie) \u2013 serbski aktor.\n\nOd 1920 wyst\u0119powa\u0142 w zespo\u0142ach prowincjonalnych, nast\u0119pnie w Nowym Sadzie, Skopju i Belgradzie (Teatr Narodowy, Teatr Dramatyczny). Role g\u0142\u00f3wnie w repertuarze klasycznym (m.in. Kr\u00f3l Lir i Otello Williama Szekspira, Idiota Fiodora Dostojewskiego, John Gabriel Borkman Henryka Ibsena) i wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnym (Von Gerlach \u2013 Wi\u0119\u017aniowie z Altony Jeana Paula Sartre\u2019a. Gra\u0142 tak\u017ce w filmach jugos\u0142owia\u0144skich (Solaja Vladimira Nanovicia 1955) i w\u0142oskich (Burza Antonio Lattuady 1958).\n\nSerbscy aktorzy\nUrodzeni w 1900\nZmarli w 1976\nLudzie urodzeni w Po\u017earevacu", "meta": {"title": "Milivoje \u017divanovi\u0107", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milivoje%20%C5%BDivanovi%C4%87", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Anta da Barrosa, tambi\u00e9n referida como Dolmen da Barrosa y Lapa dos Mouros, se localiza en la freguesia de Vila Praia de \u00c2ncora, municipio de Caminha, distrito de Viana do Castelo, en Portugal.\n\nHistoria \nSe trata de un monumento megal\u00edtico\u00a0construido a finales del  a.C. (periodo Neol\u00edtico).\n\nSe encuentra clasificado como Monumento Nacional desde 1910.\n\nActualidad \nA pesar de ser monumento nacional, el Dolmen da Barrosa estuvo localizado en terreno privado, y pr\u00e1cticamente escondido por los muros altos de una quinta.\n\nLos terrenos donde se encuentra el monumento estaban en litigio judicial y, en 2016, la C\u00e1mara Municipal de Caminha pag\u00f3 una indemnizaci\u00f3n de 240 mil euros.\n\nLa c\u00e1mara municipal va a remodelar toda el \u00e1rea que envuelve el \u00e1rea, plantando \u00e1rboles aut\u00f3ctonos y la destrucci\u00f3n de una antigua pista de \u2018skate\u2019. El proyecto de remodelaci\u00f3n surgi\u00f3 de una candidatura al primer Presupuesto Participativo de Camina. La inversi\u00f3n ronda los 28 mil euros.\n\nEn una segunda fase, ser\u00e1 construido un n\u00facleo Museol\u00f3gico del Megal\u00edtico. La candidatura para el N\u00facleo Megal\u00edtico fue presentada en 2016 al programa \u2018Norte 2020\u2019, pero la propuesta a\u00fan no fue aprobada.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n \n\nCaminha\nMonumentos de Portugal", "meta": {"title": "Anta da Barrosa", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anta%20da%20Barrosa", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Oost-Europese zomertijd (OEZT) is een van de namen voor de UTC+3 tijdzone. Deze zomertijd wordt gebruikt in een aantal landen in Oost-Europa, Noord-Afrika en het Midden-Oosten. In de winter gebruiken deze landen de Oost-Europese Tijd (UTC+2).\n\nDe volgende landen en gebieden gebruiken iedere zomer de Oost-Europese zomertijd:\n\n \u00c5land\n Wit-Rusland tussen 1981-89 de Moskou Zomertijd, de OEZT sinds 1991\n Bulgarije sinds 1979\n Cyprus sinds 1979\n Egypte vroeger, voor 1970\n Estland tussen 1981-88 de Moskou Zomertijd, de OEZT sinds 1989\n Finland sinds 1981\n Griekenland sinds 1975\n Jordani\u00eb tussen 1985-2022\n Letland tussen 1981-88 de Moskou Zomertijd, de OEZT sinds 1989\n Libanon sinds 1984\n Litouwen tussen 1981-88 de Moskou Zomertijd, de OEZT sinds 1989\n Moldavi\u00eb tussen 1981-89 de Moskou Zomertijd, de OEZT sinds 1991\n Palestijnse gebieden\n Roemeni\u00eb sinds 1979\n Syri\u00eb tussen 1983-2022\n Turkije tussen 1970-78 de OEZT, tussen 1979-83 de Moskou Zomertijd, sinds 1985 de OEZT weer\n Oekra\u00efne tussen 1981-89 de Moskou Zomertijd, sinds 1992 de OEZT\n\nIn 1991 werd de OEZT ook even gebruikt in Moskou en in tijdzone Samara.\n\nTijdzone", "meta": {"title": "Oost-Europese zomertijd", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oost-Europese%20zomertijd", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0412\u043e\u0440\u0434 \u0422\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0448\u0438\u043f ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 () \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410, \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0456 \u0422\u0430\u0439\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014 166 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 (2010).\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0417\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043c 2010 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e 166 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0443 82 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456 44 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d. \u0411\u0443\u043b\u043e 331 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:\n\n\u0414\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0447\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e 4,2 %. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 0,0 % \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0432.\n\n\u0417\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c: 12,7 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0456 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, 67,4 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 18\u201464 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, 19,9 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 65 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0456. \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 52,3 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443. \u041d\u0430 100 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456 \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e 130,6 \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0432;  \u043d\u0430 100 \u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445\u00a0\u2014 123,1 \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0454 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e  \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0432  \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0421\u0428\u0410 (\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u2014 ), \u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0456\u043c'\u044e\u00a0\u2014  \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440 (\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u2014 ). \u0417\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u044e \u0431\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e 9,6 % \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431, \u0443 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0456 0,0 % \u0434\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 \u0434\u043e 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 19,4 % \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 65 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445.\n\n\u0426\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e 53 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456: \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u00a0\u2014 28,3 %, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0456\u0432\u043b\u044f\u00a0\u2014 17,0 %, \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e\u00a0\u2014 15,1 %, \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432'\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u00a0\u2014 15,1 %.\n\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0457\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0422\u0430\u0439\u043e\u0433\u0430 (\u041f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044f)", "meta": {"title": "\u0412\u043e\u0440\u0434 \u0422\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0448\u0438\u043f (\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0422\u0430\u0439\u043e\u0433\u0430, \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044f)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%20%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BF%20%28%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%20%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%2C%20%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "En g\u00e9ographie, le  nord est le parall\u00e8le joignant les points de la surface de la Terre dont la latitude est \u00e9gale \u00e0 56\u00b0 nord.\n\nG\u00e9ographie\n\nDimensions \nDans le syst\u00e8me g\u00e9od\u00e9sique WGS 84, au niveau de 56\u00b0 de latitude nord, un degr\u00e9 de longitude \u00e9quivaut \u00e0  ; la longueur totale du parall\u00e8le est donc de , soit environ  % de celle de l'\u00e9quateur. Il en est distant de  et du p\u00f4le Nord de .\n\nComme tous les autres parall\u00e8les \u00e0 part l'\u00e9quateur, le  nord n'est pas un grand cercle et n'est donc pas la plus courte distance entre deux points, m\u00eame situ\u00e9s \u00e0 la m\u00eame latitude. Par exemple, en suivant le parall\u00e8le, la distance parcourue entre deux points de longitude oppos\u00e9e est  ; en suivant un grand cercle (qui passe alors par le p\u00f4le nord), elle n'est que de .\n\nDur\u00e9e du jour \n\u00c0 cette latitude, le soleil est visible pendant 17 heures et 37 minutes au solstice d'\u00e9t\u00e9, et 6 heures et 57 minutes au solstice d'hiver.\n\nR\u00e9gions travers\u00e9es\n\nVoir aussi\n\nLiens internes \n Parall\u00e8le (g\u00e9ographie)\n  sud\n  nord\n  nord\n\nLiens externes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nLatitude", "meta": {"title": "56e parall\u00e8le nord", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/56e%20parall%C3%A8le%20nord", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0418\u0441\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e \u0413\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430 () \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 20 \u043c.\n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0441\u0443 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0430 2 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448  \n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d (\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437)\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u0418\u0441\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e \u0413\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430 (\u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%20%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%20%28%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "9419 Keikochaki \u00e8 un asteroide della fascia principale. Scoperto nel 1995, presenta un'orbita caratterizzata da un semiasse maggiore pari a 2,2403139\u00a0UA e da un'eccentricit\u00e0 di 0,1397004, inclinata di 4,47704\u00b0 rispetto all'eclittica.\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n\nKeikochaki\nCorpi celesti scoperti nel 1995", "meta": {"title": "9419 Keikochaki", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/9419%20Keikochaki", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "First Christian Church is a historic church at 2000 E. Kessler Boulevard in Longview, Washington.\n\nIt was built in 1930 and was added to the National Register in 1985.\n\nReferences\n\nChurches on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)\nGothic Revival church buildings in Washington (state)\nChurches completed in 1930\nBuildings and structures in Cowlitz County, Washington\nNational Register of Historic Places in Cowlitz County, Washington", "meta": {"title": "First Christian Church (Longview, Washington)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20Christian%20Church%20%28Longview%2C%20Washington%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Version No. 2 of Lying Figure with Hypodermic Syringe is a 1968 oil on canvas panel painting by the Irish born, English artist Francis Bacon. It is the second of two similarly titled paintings based on nude photographs of his close friend Henrietta Moraes, who is shown in a reclining position on a bed, themselves part of a wider series of collapsed figures on beds that began with the 1963 triptych Lying Figure. This later version is widely considered the more successful of the two panels.\n\nMoraes and Bacon were drinking friends, she was a favourite model and he depicted her over a dozen times in a variety of forms, including single panel portraits, triptych portraits, and as part of larger scale figurations such as this panel. They knew each other from Soho's Colony Club, where they often met with John Deakin, another close friend, and a photographer whom Bacon commission to take the photographs on which the painting is based.\n\nMoraes was a noted beauty and an artists model in 1960s London, and a muse to Bacon, Lucian Freud and later to Maggi Hambling. Bacon was decidedly gay and did not often paint or show much interest in female nudes, although Deakin's original photographs are quite erotic, verging on voyeuristic and seedy. A few of Bacon's other incorporated influences, including Henry Fuseli's 1871 The Nightmare, which emphasis female sexuality and appeal, especially according to Sothebys, in the long hair and \"thrown back arm, so eloquent of physical abandon\". Bacon's painting contains traces of these influences, but is more focused on inner turmoil and projection of his bleak, nihilistic, outlook. This is apparent in the contorted and unflattering manner in which he depicts his model, and most especially in the manner she is seemingly pinned to the bed by the hypodermic syringe.\n\nBacon was avowedly against melodrama and loaded meanings in his paintings, and of for years seemed defensive in including such a direct  utensil as syringe. He instead saw the device as akin to the nails in a depiction of the crucifixion of Jesus, a particular obsession of his, and said \"I've used the figures lying on beds with a hypodermic syringe as a form of nailing the image more strongly to reality or appearance. I don't put the syringe because of the drug that's being injected but because it's less stupid than putting a nail through the arm, which would be even more melodramatic.\" A bitter irony is that Moraes fell victim to heroin addiction from the 1970s.\n\nThe painting is similar in tone, form and theme to his 1967 Triptych Inspired by T.S. Eliot's Poem \"Sweeney Agonistes\", in which the central figure, also reclining, is reduced to a slab of flesh.\n\nReferences\n\nSources\n\n Dawson, Barbara; Sylvester, David. Francis Bacon in Dublin. London: Thames & Hunson, 2000. \n Farr, Dennis; Peppiatt, Michael; Yard, Sally. Francis Bacon: A Retrospective. New York: Harry N Abrams, 1999. \n Peppiatt, Michael. Anatomy of an Enigma. London: Westview Press, 1996. \n Russell, John. Francis Bacon. New York: Norton, 1971. \n Sylvester, David. Looking back at Francis Bacon. London: Thames and Hudson, 2000. \n van Alphen, Ernst. Francis Bacon and the Loss of Self. London: Reaktion Books, 1992. \n\n1968 paintings\nPaintings by Francis Bacon", "meta": {"title": "Version No. 2 of Lying Figure with Hypodermic Syringe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Version%20No.%202%20of%20Lying%20Figure%20with%20Hypodermic%20Syringe", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le dioc\u00e8se des Basses-Alpes ou, en forme longue, le dioc\u00e8se du d\u00e9partement des Basses-Alpes est un ancien dioc\u00e8se de l'\u00c9glise constitutionnelle en France.\n\nCr\u00e9\u00e9 par la constitution civile du clerg\u00e9 de 1790, il est supprim\u00e9 \u00e0 la suite du concordat de 1801. Il couvrait le d\u00e9partement des Basses-Alpes. Le si\u00e8ge \u00e9piscopal \u00e9tait Digne.\n\nBasses-Alpes\nParc ou jardin public dans les Alpes-Maritimes\ndiocese", "meta": {"title": "Dioc\u00e8se des Basses-Alpes", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioc%C3%A8se%20des%20Basses-Alpes", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Xanthopimpla stenophatna \u00e4r en stekelart som beskrevs av Krieger 1915. Xanthopimpla stenophatna ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Xanthopimpla och familjen brokparasitsteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nBrokparasitsteklar\nstenophatna", "meta": {"title": "Xanthopimpla stenophatna", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthopimpla%20stenophatna", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mark Nichols may refer to:\n\n Mark Nichols (curler) (born 1980), Canadian curler\n Mark Nichols (American football) (born 1959), American football player\n Mark Nichols (golfer) (born 1965), English golfer\n Mark Nichols (composer) (born 1964), American playwright, composer and lyricist\n Mark Nichols (journalist) (1873\u20131961), Canadian newspaper journalist and editor\n\nSee also\n Mark Nicholls (disambiguation)", "meta": {"title": "Mark Nichols", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Nichols", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Juanito je bila uradna maskota Svetovnega prvenstva v nogometu 1970. Predstavlja de\u010dka po imenu Juan, na koncu imena je pomanj\u0161evalna kon\u010dnica \"-ito\". Oble\u010den je v majico mehi\u0161ke nogometne reprezentance, na glavi pa nosi sombrero, zna\u010dilen za Mehiko in njihove tradicionalne kavboje charre.  Na klobuku je viden napis \"MEXICO 70\" (\"MEHIKA 70\"). Kot ve\u010dina maskot Svetovnih prvenstev v nogometu ima tudi Juanito ob sebi nogometno \u017eogo, na ve\u010dini slik jo ima pod desno nogo, ponekod pa tudi v levi roki.\n\nPo uveljavitvi maskot na Svetovnem prvenstvu v nogometu 1966, ko so Angle\u017ei za maskoto postavili \u017eival, so Mehi\u010dani \u017eeleli vpeljati za maskoto \u0161e prvega \u010dloveka.   Ker so tudi \u017eeleli popularizirati \u0161port pri mladini, so za maskoto izbrali majhnega de\u010dka. Ime Juan je bila nato dokaj logi\u010dna izbira, saj je to pogosto \u0161pansko ime.\n\nViri\n\nGlej tudi\nMaskota Svetovnih prvenstev v nogometu\n\nSvetovno prvenstvo v nogometu 1970\nMaskote Svetovnih prvenstev v nogometu", "meta": {"title": "Juanito (maskota)", "url": "https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juanito%20%28maskota%29", "language": "sl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bokensdorf ist eine Gemeinde im Landkreis Gifhorn in Niedersachsen. Sie geh\u00f6rt der Samtgemeinde Boldecker Land an, die ihren Verwaltungssitz in Weyhausen hat.\n\nGeographie \nBokensdorf liegt zwischen den Naturparks S\u00fcdheide und Dr\u00f6mling. Westlich des Ortes befindet sich das Feuchtgebiet Deerenmoor.\n\nGeschichte \n\nBokensdorf wurde erstmals 1468 in einem Willebrief (landesherrliche Best\u00e4tigung) des Herzogs Otto II. des Siegreichen zu Braunschweig-L\u00fcneburg erw\u00e4hnt. Der Herzog best\u00e4tigt darin die Stiftung von zwei Memorien (Seelmessen) und gibt der Kirche daf\u00fcr zu Nutzen des Pfarrers eine Wiese, die der Schulze zu Bokensdorf (\u201eBokelstorpe\u201c) gegen einen j\u00e4hrlichen Zins innehat. Sp\u00e4ter findet man Bokensdorf 1495 in einer Urkunde mit der Bezeichnung \u201eVakesdorf\u201c und 1535 unter \u201eBackendorf\u201c.\n\nDie Landschaft um Bokensdorf wurde wie die gesamte L\u00fcneburger Heide \u00fcber 2000 Jahre vorwiegend durch Eichen- und Birkenw\u00e4ldern gepr\u00e4gt. Diese Mischw\u00e4lder wurden gerodet, um Acker- und Weideland sowie Bau- und Brennholz zu gewinnen. Bokensdorf geh\u00f6rt zu den \u201e-dorf\u201c-Siedlungen, deren Entstehungszeit schwer festzustellen ist. Als Hauptentstehungszeit werden Rodeperioden ab dem 7.\u00a0Jh.\u00a0n.\u00a0Chr. angesehen.\n\nNachgewiesen sind in Bokensdorf M\u00fcnzfunde aus der Zeit Heinrichs des L\u00f6wen (ca. 1130\u20131195). Diese Geldst\u00fccke waren wahrscheinlich F\u00e4hrm\u00fcnzen. Es handelt sich um Grabbeigaben f\u00fcr Nichtchristen, die auf einem Friedhof etwa 1,5\u00a0km s\u00fcdlich des Ortes gefunden wurden. M\u00f6glicherweise lebten zu dieser Zeit noch Wenden in Bokensdorf, denn \u201eF\u00e4hrgeld\u201c galt als unchristlich.\n\nDie urspr\u00fcngliche Siedlungsform, ein wendischer Rundling, kann im heutigen Altdorf am \u201eBauernberg\u201c leicht rekonstruiert werden. Bokensdorf hatte urspr\u00fcnglich wohl nur eine halbrunde Form von vier Ackerh\u00f6fen, die von Jembke und Stellfelde \u00fcber eine alte Heerstra\u00dfe erreichbar waren.\n\nVermutlich um 1300 entstanden neben den vier bisherigen Ackerh\u00f6fen f\u00fcnf sogenannte Vollk\u00f6thner-H\u00f6fe. Es ist nahezu einmalig in Niedersachsen, dass diese sp\u00e4ter angesiedelten Hofbesitzer den eingestammten Ackerbauern gleichgestellt waren. Die zw\u00f6lf Hausnummern im Bauernberg bezeugen die nahezu 500\u00a0Jahre alte Struktur des Ortes mit neun gro\u00dfen und zwei kleineren Brincksitzer-H\u00f6fen, der Schule und der Gastwirtschaft.\n\nErst im Jahre 1859 vollzog sich ein Wandel. Mit der sogenannten Abl\u00f6se konnten sich die Bauern in Niedersachsen von der Lehnsherrschaft der F\u00fcrsten frei kaufen. F\u00fcr Bokensdorfer hie\u00df dies die Befreiung von Diensten und Abgaben, zu denen sie den Grafen vom Schloss Wolfsburg und den Herz\u00f6gen in L\u00fcneburg verpflichtet waren.\n\nSeit dieser \u201eBauernbefreiung\u201c konnten nun die Bauern ihre Arbeitszeit auf ihren eigenen \u00c4ckern verwerten. Vorteile ergaben sich auch aus der in dieser Zeit durchgef\u00fchrten Flurbereinigung. Es entstanden attraktive, gro\u00dfe Ackerfl\u00e4chen, die wirtschaftlich bearbeitet werden konnten. Die Bokensdorfer waren nicht mehr arm. Sie haben nach und nach ihre alten giebelst\u00e4ndigen H\u00e4user aufgegeben und ab 1900 traufst\u00e4ndige Geb\u00e4ude zum damaligen Dorfzentrum hin errichtet. Auch die nicht erbberechtigten Bauern profitierten vom neuen Reichtum. Als Anbauer erhielten sie Fl\u00e4chen an dem Weg zur M\u00fchle nach Jembke, dem \u201eM\u00fchlenweg\u201c. Sie betrieben dort Kleingewerbe, z.\u00a0B. Schlachter im Winter, Maurer im Sommer.\n\nDie Geb\u00e4ude, die in dieser Zeit errichtet wurden, sind genauso wie die Geb\u00e4ude auf dem Bauernberg dem \u201eBauernstil\u201c, einer Variante des Jugendstils, zuordnen. Man findet in einigen H\u00e4usern immer noch die f\u00fcr diese Zeit typischen Fliesenmosaikmuster.\n\nNach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg verdoppelte sich die Bev\u00f6lkerungszahl in Bokensdorf durch Vertriebene aus den deutschen Ostgebieten. Viele blieben im Ort. Der L\u00f6nsweg \u2013 mit den einheitlich wie am Lineal ausgerichteten H\u00e4usern und den r\u00fcckw\u00e4rtigen gro\u00dfen G\u00e4rten \u2013 ist typisch f\u00fcr den Baustil der 1950er-Jahre.\n\nInfolge der politischen Situation in den 1960er-Jahren kauften viele Westberliner Grundst\u00fccke \u201eim Westen\u201c. So entstand der \u201eBerliner Ring\u201c. Wegen der N\u00e4he zur Volkswagenstadt Wolfsburg zogen in den 1980er- und 1990er-Jahren viele VW-Mitarbeiter nach Bokensdorf und errichteten dort im Norden und Nordosten Eigenheime. Eine Stra\u00dfe erinnert an einen langj\u00e4hrigen B\u00fcrgermeister und wurde \u201eWilly-M\u00fcller-Ring\u201c benannt.\n\nIm Osten entstand an ehemaligen Kiesabbaustellen ein der Naherholung dienendes Wochenendhausgebiet. Die Anwohner haben sich in drei Vereinen organisiert.\n\nDas Leben in Bokensdorf wird durch die Freiwillige Feuerwehr, den Sch\u00fctzenverein, die J\u00e4gerschaft und den Sportverein mit den Sparten Fu\u00dfball, Tennis, Gymnastik und neuerdings Karate gepr\u00e4gt. Der Landfrauenverein Jembke, Barwedel, Bokensdorf l\u00e4dt zu vielen Veranstaltungen ein. S\u00fcdlich des Ortes hat der Golfclub Wolfsburg seine Heimat gefunden.\n\nDie Gemeinde Bokensdorf geh\u00f6rt zur Samtgemeinde Boldecker Land, die im Ort eine Kindertagesst\u00e4tte betreibt. Die Grundschulkinder werden in Jembke unterrichtet, die Haupt- und Realschule ist in Weyhausen ans\u00e4ssig. Zu allen Schulen, auch zum Gymnasium Fallersleben, fahren Schulbusse. Bokensdorf liegt im Einzugsbereich der evangelisch-lutherischen Kirchengemeinde St.\u00a0Georg, Jembke, und der katholischen Filialgemeinde St.\u00a0Bernward, Wolfsburg.\n\nHerkunft des Ortsnamens\n\nAlte Bezeichnungen des Ortes sind 1468 Bokelstorpe, 1495 Vakestorf, 1535 Bakenstorp 1566 Bockensdorff und 1612 Bockemstorf. Im Grundwort steht niederdeutsch \u2013dorp \u201eDorf, Siedlung\u201c. Also die \u201eSiedlung eines Bok\u201c, wobei der Personenname zu der Sippe um Boko, Buk(k)o, der Koseform von Burghard, geh\u00f6ren k\u00f6nnte.\n\nEinwohnerentwicklung\n\nPolitik\n\nGemeinderat \nDer Rat der Gemeinde Bokensdorf, setzt sich aus elf Mitgliedern zusammen. Die Ratsmitglieder werden durch eine Kommunalwahl f\u00fcr jeweils f\u00fcnf Jahre gew\u00e4hlt.\n\nBei der Kommunalwahl 2021 ergab sich folgende Sitzverteilung:\n\nB\u00fcrgermeister \nEhrenamtliche B\u00fcrgermeisterin ist Jennifer Georg (FWB) seit dem 17.\u00a0April 2018.\n\nWappen \nDas Kommunalwappen von Bokensdorf wurde am 8.\u00a0Juli 1993 vom Gemeinderat angenommen.\n\nWirtschaft und Infrastruktur\n\nUnternehmen \n\nIm urspr\u00fcnglich landwirtschaftlich gepr\u00e4gten Bokensdorf hat die Bedeutung der Landwirtschaft stark abgenommen.\n\nDie Poststelle II Bokensdorf, die dem Hauptpostamt Gifhorn untergeordnet war, wurde geschlossen. Heute ist in Bokensdorf nur noch ein Postbriefkasten vorhanden.\n\nDie Gemischtwarenhandlung Baumann, sp\u00e4ter Keiter, wurde geschlossen. Sp\u00e4ter befand sich in dem Ladenlokal ein Secondhandladen f\u00fcr Kinderbedarf. Das Lebensmittelgesch\u00e4ft Loch, das erst in den 1960er Jahren in der damals neuen Siedlung entstand, wurde bereits in den 1970er Jahren wieder aufgegeben. Die Tankstelle Benter wurde auch aufgegeben, sp\u00e4ter befand sich in dem Geb\u00e4ude noch ein Kiosk. Die Gastst\u00e4tte Zur Linde wurde ebenfalls geschlossen, ebenso eine weitere Gastst\u00e4tte in der Siedlung L\u00f6nsstra\u00dfe. Einkaufsm\u00f6glichkeiten des t\u00e4glichen Bedarfs sind heute in Bokensdorf nicht mehr zu finden, Gastronomie besteht nur im Restaurant Golfclub Wolfsburg am Golfplatz.\n\n\u00d6ffentliche Einrichtungen \n\nDen Kindern stehen am Bauernberg, in der Siedlung am Berliner Ring und im Neubaugebiet am Willy-M\u00fcller-Ring jeweils ein Spielplatz zur Verf\u00fcgung. Am Berliner Ring steht auch eine Grillh\u00fctte.\n\nDie Freiwillige Feuerwehr Bokensdorf verf\u00fcgt auch \u00fcber eine Jugendfeuerwehr. Das heutige Feuerwehrhaus ist das dritte Feuerwehrhaus in der Geschichte der Feuerwehr Bokensdorf, es entstand nach Pl\u00e4nen des Architekten Dierk Thiede aus Wienhausen. Am 21. September 2019 erfolgte der erste Spatenstich, am 27. Februar 2020 konnte das Richtfest gefeiert werden, und am 8. April 2021 wurde es in Dienst gestellt.\n\nDer Friedhof verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber eine Kapelle. Auf dem Friedhof steht auch das Kriegerdenkmal f\u00fcr die gefallenen und vermissten Soldaten des Zweiten Weltkriegs aus Bokensdorf.\n\nBildung \nDer Ort verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber einen Kindergarten, der sich in Tr\u00e4gerschaft der Samtgemeinde Boldecker Land befindet und im ehemaligen Schulgeb\u00e4ude untergebracht ist.\n\nDie Bokensdorfer Schule wurde geschlossen. Die einklassige Schule, ein Fachwerkbau mit Dachreiter, wurde gem\u00e4\u00df der Inschrift auf einem Fachwerkbalken im Jahre 1880 erbaut. Offiziell zust\u00e4ndige Schulen sind heute die Grundschule in Jembke, die Oberschule in Weyhausen, die IGS Sassenburg und das Humboldt-Gymnasium in Gifhorn.\n\nVerkehr \n\nDurch Bokensdorf verl\u00e4uft die Kreisstra\u00dfe\u00a028. In n\u00f6rdlicher Richtung f\u00fchrt die Kreisstra\u00dfe\u00a028 nach Gru\u00dfendorf, wo sie an der Landesstra\u00dfe 289 endet. In s\u00fcdlicher Richtung f\u00fchrt die Kreisstra\u00dfe\u00a028 nach Weyhausen, wo sie an der Bundesstra\u00dfe 188 endet. In der Ortslage von Bokensdorf tr\u00e4gt die Kreisstra\u00dfe\u00a028 die Bezeichnung Gru\u00dfendorfer Stra\u00dfe.\n\nDie Kreisstra\u00dfe\u00a0101 beginnt in Bokensdorf an der Kreisstra\u00dfe\u00a028 und verl\u00e4uft in \u00f6stlicher Richtung bis nach Jembke, wo sie an der Bundesstra\u00dfe 248 endet. In der Ortslage von Bokensdorf tr\u00e4gt die Kreisstra\u00dfe\u00a0101 die Bezeichnung M\u00fchlenweg.\n\n\u00dcber beide Kreisstra\u00dfen erreicht man in 6 bzw. 7\u00a0Kilometer Entfernung die Anschlussstelle Weyhausen der Bundesautobahn 39.\n\nVor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg bestand von Bokensdorf nur eine Stra\u00dfenverbindung nach Weyhausen. Der Weg nach Gru\u00dfendorf wurde erst gegen Ende der 1940er Jahre ausgebaut, der Weg nach Jembke noch sp\u00e4ter.\n\nDie Buslinie 172 der Verkehrsgesellschaft Landkreis Gifhorn (VLG) bedient den Ort. Sie f\u00fchrt in n\u00f6rdlicher Richtung \u00fcber Gru\u00dfendorf und St\u00fcde bis zum Schulzentrum von Westerbeck, und in s\u00fcdlicher Richtung nach Weyhausen bis zur dortigen Schule. In Weyhausen bestehen Umstiegsm\u00f6glichkeiten in Buslinien nach Gifhorn und Wolfsburg.\n\nPers\u00f6nlichkeiten\n\nS\u00f6hne und T\u00f6chter der Gemeinde \n\n Heinrich Schulze (1886\u20131953), Verwaltungsbeamter\n\nPersonen, die mit der Gemeinde in Verbindung stehen \n\n Gabi Decker (* 1956), Kabarettistin, Moderatorin und S\u00e4ngerin, wuchs in Bokensdorf auf\n\nLiteratur \n Samtgemeinde Boldecker Land. Informationsbrosch\u00fcre. WEKA info verlag gmbh, Mering, mehrere Auflagen.\n Samtgemeinde Boldecker Land. Bilder aus vergangenen Tagen. Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar, ISBN 3-89264-113-7, 1. Auflage 1987, S. 21\u201330.\n\nWeblinks \n\n Bokensdorf. Gemeinde Bokensdorf.\n Gemeinde Bokensdorf. Samtgemeinde Boldecker Land.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\n \nOrt im Landkreis Gifhorn\nErsterw\u00e4hnung 1468", "meta": {"title": "Bokensdorf", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokensdorf", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marco Macina (ur. 30 wrze\u015bnia 1964 w San Marino) \u2013 sanmary\u0144ski pi\u0142karz wyst\u0119puj\u0105cy na pozycji pomocnika lub napastnika, dwukrotny reprezentant San Marino.\n\nKariera klubowa \nMacina karier\u0119 rozpoczyna\u0142 w 1981 roku w zespole Bologna FC. W Serie A zadebiutowa\u0142 22 listopada 1981 w przegranym 0:2 meczu z Juventus FC, staj\u0105c si\u0119 drugim obok Massimo Boniniego sanmary\u0144skim pi\u0142karzem, kt\u00f3ry zagra\u0142 we w\u0142oskiej ekstraklasie. W sezonie 1981/82 rozegra\u0142 8 spotka\u0144, a w lidze zaj\u0105\u0142 z klubem 15. miejsce i spad\u0142 z nim do Serie B. W kolejnym sezonie Macina wraz z zespo\u0142em spad\u0142 z kolei do Serie C1. Na pocz\u0105tku sezonu 1983/84 przeszed\u0142 do US Arezzo  (Serie B). Nast\u0119pnie gra\u0142 w innym zespole Serie B, Parma AC, a w 1985 roku zosta\u0142 zawodnikiem AC Milan, wyst\u0119puj\u0105cego w Serie A. W sezonie 1985/86 w jego barwach zagra\u0142 5 razy. W kolejnych latach wyst\u0119powa\u0142 w zespo\u0142ach Serie C1 \u2013 AC Reggiana oraz Ancona Calcio. 11 pa\u017adziernika 1987 dozna\u0142 zerwania wi\u0119zad\u0142a pobocznego, przez co pauzowa\u0142 do ko\u0144ca sezonu. Po wyga\u015bni\u0119ciu jego kontraktu z AC Milan zdecydowa\u0142 si\u0119 odby\u0107 dwuletni\u0105 karencj\u0119, po kt\u00f3rej mia\u0142by prawo dysponowa\u0107 swoj\u0105 kart\u0105 zawodnicz\u0105. Ostatecznie w 1990 roku definitywnie zako\u0144czy\u0142 karier\u0119.\n\nKariera reprezentacyjna \nPrzed afiliacj\u0105 FSGC z UEFA zawodnicy z San Marino traktowani byli jako obywatele W\u0142och, przez co Macina mia\u0142 mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 reprezentowania tego kraju na arenie mi\u0119dzynarodowej. W latach 1980\u20131982 wyst\u0119powa\u0142 w reprezentacji W\u0142och U-16, z kt\u00f3r\u0105 w 1982 roku zdoby\u0142 mistrzostwo Europy.\n\nW 1990 roku Macina rozegra\u0142 dwa spotkania w seniorskiej reprezentacji San Marino. Zadebiutowa\u0142 w niej 14 listopada 1990 w przegranym 0:4 meczu eliminacji Mistrzostw Europy 1992 ze Szwajcari\u0105, a po raz drugi wyst\u0105pi\u0142 w niej 5 grudnia 1990 w przegranym 0:6 pojedynku tych samych eliminacji z Rumuni\u0105.\n\nSukcesy \n W\u0142ochy U-16\n mistrzostwo Europy: 1982\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n \n \n \n\nReprezentanci San Marino w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej\nW\u0142oscy pi\u0142karze\nPi\u0142karze Bologna FC\nPi\u0142karze SS Arezzo\nPi\u0142karze Parmy Calcio 1913\nPi\u0142karze A.C. Milan\nPi\u0142karze AC Reggiana 1919\nPi\u0142karze US Anconitana\nLudzie urodzeni w San Marino (miasto)\nUrodzeni w 1964", "meta": {"title": "Marco Macina", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco%20Macina", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cyanopterus webbi \u00e4r en stekelart som f\u00f6rst beskrevs av Henry Lorenz Viereck 1909.  Cyanopterus webbi ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Cyanopterus och familjen bracksteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nBracksteklar\nwebbi", "meta": {"title": "Cyanopterus webbi", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanopterus%20webbi", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041d\u0443\u0435\u0432\u043e \u0423\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e () \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0413\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0423\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 1865 \u043c.\n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 50 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448  \n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0423\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e (\u0413\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0430\u0442\u043e)\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041d\u0443\u0435\u0432\u043e \u0423\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e (\u0423\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%20%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%20%28%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sela na Krasu \u2013 wie\u015b w S\u0142owenii, w gminie Miren-Kostanjevica. W 2018 roku liczy\u0142a 149 mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nMiejscowo\u015bci w gminie Miren-Kostanjevica", "meta": {"title": "Sela na Krasu", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sela%20na%20Krasu", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers es un c\u00f3mic de la franquicia hom\u00f3nima creado por Disney, y publicado desde junio de 1990 a diciembre de 1991.\n\nChip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers\nHistorietas de Disney Comics\nHistorietas de 1990", "meta": {"title": "Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers (historieta)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip%20%27n%20Dale%3A%20Rescue%20Rangers%20%28historieta%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0448\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0433 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430\u045a\u0435. \u0423 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0448\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.\n\n\u0418\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0458\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0430\u0458\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0452\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0434 \u0441\u0435 \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u045a\u0443\u0458\u0443 - \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0458\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d, \u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0443\u0436\u0430\u043d, \u043f\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043e \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0434\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0440\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0438. \n\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0448\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0442\u0435\u045b\u0435\u045a\u0430. \u041b\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e-\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0448\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0444\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430.\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n  [Semi-autobiographical]\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n -{National Institute of Mental Health}-\n\n\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0430\n\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0459\u0435\u045a\u0430\n\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0435\n\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0430", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kelling Quags is a nature reserve near Kelling, Norfolk. It is 5.7\u00a0ha (14\u00a0acres) in extent. It is managed by the Norfolk Ornithological Association as a coastal fresh marsh.  It consists of pools and wet grazing marshes behind a shingle ridge. It was purchased by the NOA in 1984.\n\nIt was designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in 1954, and in 1986 it was subsumed into the  North Norfolk Coast Site of Special Scientific Interest. The larger area is now additionally protected through Natura 2000 (SPA) and Ramsar listings, and is part of the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).\n\nReferences\n\nCited texts\n \n\nSites of Special Scientific Interest in Norfolk\nCoastal features of Norfolk\nBirdwatching sites in England\nNature reserves in Norfolk", "meta": {"title": "Kelling Quags", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelling%20Quags", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El Samsung Galaxy Z Flip \u00e9s un tel\u00e8fon intel\u00b7ligent plegable basat en Android desenvolupat per Samsung Electronics com a part de la s\u00e8rie Samsung Galaxy Z. La seva exist\u00e8ncia va ser revelada per primer durant un anunci publicitari dels Premis Oscar de 2019. Presentat al costat del Galaxy S20 l'11 de febrer de 2020, es va llan\u00e7ar el 14 de febrer de 2020. A difer\u00e8ncia del Galaxy Fold, el dispositiu es plega horitzontalment i utilitza un vidre h\u00edbrid amb un recobriment anomenat \"Infinity Flex Display\".\n\nEspecificacions\n\nDisseny \nEl Galaxy Z Flip est\u00e0 constru\u00eft amb un marc d'alumini i \"vidre ultra prim\" de 30 micres de gruix amb una capa de pl\u00e0stic similar al Galaxy Fold, fabricat per Samsung amb materials de Schott AG, que es \"produeix mitjan\u00e7ant un proc\u00e9s d'intensificaci\u00f3 per millorar la seva flexibilitat i durabilitat\", i s'injecta un \"material especial fins a una profunditat no revelada per aconseguir una duresa consistent\"; els convencionals Gorilla Glass s'utilitzen per als panells posteriors. El Z Flip \u00e9s el primer tel\u00e8fon intel\u00b7ligent plegable que utilitza una pantalla de vidre, mentre que els tel\u00e8fons plegables anteriors com el Motorola Razr i el Galaxy Fold han utilitzat pantalles de pl\u00e0stic. Si s'utilitza una pantalla de vidre, s'obt\u00e9 una pantalla m\u00e9s duradora i es reduir\u00e0 el plec de la pantalla al punt de plegament. El mecanisme de frontissa est\u00e0 refor\u00e7at amb fibres de nil\u00f3 dissenyades per evitar el pols; Samsung va classificar el mecanisme de plegament com a compatible amb fins a 200.000 usos. El dispositiu ve en 3 colors per a la versi\u00f3 LTE (porpra mirall, negre mirall i daurat mirall) i 2 colors per a la versi\u00f3 5G (bronze m\u00edstic i gris m\u00edstic); la disponibilitat del color pot variar en funci\u00f3 del pa\u00eds o de l'operador. El Z Flip tamb\u00e9 est\u00e0 disponible en un model d'edici\u00f3 limitada Thom Browne, amb una franja vermella, blanca i blava sobre una base gris. La versi\u00f3 5G tamb\u00e9 es va fer en un color d'edici\u00f3 limitada anomenat \"blanc m\u00edstic\" i \"vermell m\u00edstic\".\n\nMaquinari \nEl dispositiu utilitza un disseny de closca per amagar una pantalla din\u00e0mica AMOLED de 6,7\" 21:9 que admet HDR10+. La pantalla t\u00e9 un retall circular a la part superior de la pantalla per a la c\u00e0mera frontal. L'exterior presenta una petita pantalla externa d'1,1 polzades al costat del m\u00f2dul de la c\u00e0mera, que pot mostrar l'hora, la data i l'estat de la bateria, interactuar amb les notificacions, respondre trucades telef\u00f2niques i actuar com a visor. S'utilitzen el SoC Qualcomm Snapdragon 855+ i la GPU Adreno 640, amb 8 GB de RAM LPDDR4X i 256 GB d'emmagatzematge UFS 3.0 no ampliable. Utilitza dues bateries amb una capacitat total de 3300 mAh i es poden recarregar per USB-C fins a 15 W per cable o sense fils mitjan\u00e7ant l'est\u00e0ndard Qi. El bot\u00f3 d'engegada est\u00e0 incrustat al marc i tamb\u00e9 funciona com a sensor d'empremta digital, amb el balanc\u00ed de volum situat a sobre. Una configuraci\u00f3 de doble c\u00e0mera a la part posterior t\u00e9 un sensor primari de 12 MP i un sensor ultraampla de 12 MP. La c\u00e0mera frontal t\u00e9 un sensor de 10 MP.\n\nProgramari \n\nEl Z Flip porta de f\u00e0brica la versi\u00f3 d'Android 10 i Samsung One UI 2. La funci\u00f3 de Pantalla dividida, anomenada \"mode Flex\" s'admet amb algunes aplicacions com YouTube i Google Duo.\n\nRecepci\u00f3 \nEl Z Flip es va reunir amb cr\u00edtiques positives i mixtes al llan\u00e7ament. Va ser elogiat pel seu maquinari ins\u00edgnia, factor de forma, programari/interf\u00edcie d'usuari, pantalla i c\u00e0mera, per\u00f2 va ser criticat pel preu, la mida de la pantalla de la coberta i la fragilitat general percebuda. Sascha Segan de PC Magazine va donar al Z Flip un 3/5, afirmant que \"el Samsung Galaxy Z Flip \u00e9s el primer tel\u00e8fon plegable que funciona realment, per\u00f2 no deixa de ser un objecte de moda cost\u00f3s i potencialment fr\u00e0gil que un \u00e8xit principal \".\n\nJessica Dolcourt de CNET va donar a la Z Flip un 7,9/10, anomenant-lo \"un dispositiu cohesionat que \u00e9s f\u00e0cil de recollir i utilitzar immediatament\". Dolcourt va anomenar el mode Flex \"la caracter\u00edstica m\u00e9s \u00fanica, interessant i efica\u00e7 amb difer\u00e8ncia\", tot i que va assenyalar que la durada de la bateria era nom\u00e9s mitjana i que la majoria de multim\u00e8dia eren incompatibles amb la relaci\u00f3 d'aspecte del dispositiu, cosa que va donar lloc al f\u00e8nomen pillarbox. Chris Velazco de  Engadget  li va donar un 78, elogiant el factor de forma, el rendiment i les c\u00e0meres alhora que criticava la visualitzaci\u00f3 de la portada i la fragilitat general.\n\nDieter Bohn de The Verge va donar al Z Flip un 6/10, concloent que \"igual que amb els tel\u00e8fons plegables anteriors, \u00e9s m\u00e9s aviat un experiment car que un producte real compra\". Bohn va elogiar el rendiment i el disseny de la frontissa, per\u00f2 va criticar el preu i les c\u00e0meres, assenyalant que la coberta de pl\u00e0stic de la pantalla encara era susceptible a les ratllades. Samuel Gibbs, de The Guardian, va elogiar la durabilitat del tel\u00e8fon i va informar que \"la pantalla t\u00e9 un aspecte i funciona tan excel\u00b7lent avui com ha sortit de la caixa\" tot i estar desplegada diverses desenes de vegades cada dia durant quatre mesos.\n\niFixit va donar al dispositiu una puntuaci\u00f3 de reparabilitat de 2/10.\n\nGaleria d'imatges\n\nVegeu tamb\u00e9 \n Huawei Mate X\n Xiaomi Mi MIX Alpha\n Motorola Razr (2020)\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies\n\nEnlla\u00e7os externs \n\nZ Flip\nZ Flip", "meta": {"title": "Samsung Galaxy Z Flip", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung%20Galaxy%20Z%20Flip", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'Aventure de Cabassou est un film fran\u00e7ais r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Gilles Grangier en 1945.\n\nSynopsis \n\nTromp\u00e9 par sa femme avec un jeune compositeur, Cabassou, d\u00e9sesp\u00e9r\u00e9, passe pour mort aux yeux de la population. Il est pris pour un fant\u00f4me, car, vivant dans une grotte, il ne sort que la nuit. Son ami Motto le persuade de \"commercialiser\" cette situation. Dor\u00e9navant, on paiera pour entendre la voix du fameux fant\u00f4me. D\u00e9sormais, il va devenir c\u00e9l\u00e8bre. C'est l'instant qu'il choisira pour redevenir vivant.\n\nFiche technique\n Titre : L'Aventure de Cabassou\n R\u00e9alisation : Gilles Grangier\n Sc\u00e9nario : L\u00e9opold Marchand\n Adaptation : Paul Brulat\n Dialogues : L\u00e9opold Marchand\n Assistant r\u00e9alisateur : Michel Boisrond\n photographie : Charles Suin\n Montage : Jeanne Rongier\n D\u00e9cors : Robert Giordani\n Musique : Roger Dumas\n Son : Robert Biard\n Production : Les Films Ren\u00e9 Pagnol\n Directeur de production : Jean Martinetti\n Tournage du  \u00e0 janvier 1946\n Pays : \n Format : Pellicule : 35 mm, Noir et blanc\n Dur\u00e9e : 105 minutes\n Genre : Com\u00e9die\n Dates de sortie en France : \n le 3 juin 1946 \u00e0 Marseille \n le 25 juin 1947 \u00e0 Paris\n\nDistribution\n\n Fernandel : Marius Cabassou, architecte\n Micheline Francey : Mathilde Cabassou, la femme de Marius\n Andr\u00e9 Fouch\u00e9 : Octave Berge\n Henri Poupon : M. Faraille, le maire\n Marcel Maupi : Scipion Motto, le cabaretier\n Henri Arius : M. Carcenac\n Robert Vattier : M. de Sanizette Valdamour\n Henri Vilbert : M. Gaudin\n Auguste Mourri\u00e8s : M. Roubide\n Gerlatta :  Michaud\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n\nFilm fran\u00e7ais sorti en 1946\nFilm fran\u00e7ais en noir et blanc\nFilm r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Gilles Grangier\nCom\u00e9die fran\u00e7aise", "meta": {"title": "L'Aventure de Cabassou", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Aventure%20de%20Cabassou", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "M\u00fcnstergraben ist Name und Namensbestandteil geographischer Gegenst\u00e4nde im Ortenaukreis, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg:\n\n M\u00fcnstergraben (Ettenbach), linker Nebenstrang-Oberlauf des Ettenbachs (zur Elz) bei Ettenheimm\u00fcnster, Stadt Ettenheim\n M\u00fcnstergraben (Tieflachkanal), rechter Zufluss des Tieflachkanals (zur Schutter) bei Schutterwald\n M\u00fcnstergraben (Waldbach), rechter Zufluss des Waldbachs (zur Schutter) bei Eckartsweier, Gemeinde Willst\u00e4tt; zweigt von der Kinzig links ab\n\n D\u00f6rlinbacher Grund-M\u00fcnstergraben, zweiteiliges Naturschutzgebiet an den beiden Oberl\u00e4ufen des Ettenbachs vor Ettenheimm\u00fcnster, Stadt Ettenheim, Ortenaukreis, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg\n\nSiehe auch:\n M\u00fcnsterbach", "meta": {"title": "M\u00fcnstergraben", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnstergraben", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gda\u0144sk 39 \u2013 historyczny miniserial telewizyjny, wyprodukowany przez TVP. Akcja rozgrywa si\u0119 w Wolnym Mie\u015bcie Gda\u0144sku tu\u017c przed wybuchem II wojny \u015bwiatowej. Opisuje ona sytuacj\u0119, jaka panowa\u0142a w mie\u015bcie ogarni\u0119tym przez domagaj\u0105cych si\u0119 jego przy\u0142\u0105czenia do Niemiec hitlerowc\u00f3w, oraz losy \u017cyj\u0105cych w nim polskich rodzin.\n\nLista odcink\u00f3w \n Z powrotem do Rzeszy\n Mourir pour Danzig? \n Ko\u0144 Troja\u0144ski\n Godzina Ypsylon\n\nTw\u00f3rcy \n Produkcja: Studio Filmowe Profil\n Re\u017cyseria: Zbigniew Ku\u017ami\u0144ski, Karol Chodura \n Scenariusz: Kazimierz Radowicz\n\nObsada\n\nZdj\u0119cia \n Gda\u0144sk, Szymbark (przystanek kolejowy w Wie\u017cycy), Straszyn (Straszyn Pr\u0119dzieszyn)\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n\nPolskie telewizyjne seriale historyczne\nSeriale telewizyjne emitowane od 1989\nFilmy kr\u0119cone w Gda\u0144sku\nFilmy w re\u017cyserii Zbigniewa Ku\u017ami\u0144skiego\nWolne Miasto Gda\u0144sk w filmie", "meta": {"title": "Gda\u0144sk 39", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk%2039", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Il campionato nordamericano di pallavolo femminile Under-20 2004 si \u00e8 svolto dal 3 all'8 agosto a Winnipeg, in Canada: al torneo hanno partecipato sette squadre nazionali Under-20 nordamericane e la vittoria finale \u00e8 andata per la seconda volta agli Stati Uniti.\n\nImpianti\n\nRegolamento\n\nFormula\nLe squadre hanno disputato una prima fase a gironi con formula del girone all'italiana; al termine della prima fase:\nLe prime tre classificate di ogni girone hanno acceduto alla fase finale per il primo posto, strutturata in quarti di finale, a cui hanno partecipato solo le seconde e le terze classificate, semifinali, finale per il terzo posto e finale.\n\nCriteri di classifica\nIn caso di vittoria \u00e8 prevista l'assegnazione di 2 punti, mentre in caso di sconfitta \u00e8 prevista l'assegnazione di 1 punto.\n\nL'ordine del posizionamento in classifica \u00e8 stato definito in base a:\nPunti;\nRatio dei punti realizzati/subiti;\nRatio dei set vinti/persi;\nRisultati degli scontri diretti.\n\nSquadre partecipanti\n\nFormazioni\n\nTorneo\n\nGirone A\n\nRisultati\n\nClassifica\n\nGirone B\n\nRisultati\n\nClassifica\n\nFase finale\n\nQuarti di finale\n\nFinale 5\u00ba posto\n\nSemifinali\n\nFinale 3\u00ba posto\n\nFinale\n\nPodio\n\nCampione\nStati Uniti(Secondo titolo)\n\nSecondo posto\nRepubblica Dominicana\n\nTerzo posto\nPorto Rico\n\nClassifica finale\n\nPremi individuali\n\nCollegamenti esterni\n\nPallavolo nel 2004\nCampionati nordamericani di pallavolo femminile Under-20", "meta": {"title": "Campionato nordamericano di pallavolo femminile Under-20 2004", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campionato%20nordamericano%20di%20pallavolo%20femminile%20Under-20%202004", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis \u00e4r en bladmossart som beskrevs av Furuki et D.G.Long. Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Lobatiriccardia och familjen Aneuraceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nBladmossor\nyunnanensis", "meta": {"title": "Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobatiriccardia%20yunnanensis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0448\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e 30 \u0441\u0442./\u043a\u043c\u00b2, \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430 (\u043e\u043a\u043e 60 \u0441\u0442./\u043a\u043c\u00b2). \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0459\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u0408\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a: \u041e\u043a\u043e 15% \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0437\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0458\u0430 \u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0430 (\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430), \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a \u0443 \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438. \u0423 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a.\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \n \u0418\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\n \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n www.kerrycoco.ie \u0417\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u041e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u041a\u0435\u0440\u0438\n\n\u0418\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\n\u041c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0435\u0440\u0438 (\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%20%28%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Enrico La Talpa \u00e8 il co-protagonista del fumetto Lupo Alberto, ideato negli anni settanta da Silver.\n\nStoria editoriale \nAppare per la prima volta nelle strisce di Lupo Alberto nel 1973, nella striscia numero 14 ma va subito in letargo e riappare in primavera nella striscia 52. Enrico La Talpa dalla sua comparsa divenne uno dei personaggi fondamentali delle strisce di Lupo Alberto arrivando a conquistarsi sempre pi\u00f9 spazio fino a divenire di fatto protagonista anch'esso della striscia. Nella tavola numero 641 si lamenta con Lupo Alberto: \"Sei tu il protagonista qui! O no?!\", \"Devo sempre fare tutto quanto io!\") e nella tavola n.666, vista l'assenza di Alberto, prova a dare il suo nome alla serie tirando gi\u00f9 la testata per cambiare il logo \"Lupo Alberto\" con quello \"Enrico la talpa\".\n\nBiografia del personaggio \n\n\u00c8 sposato con Cesira, casalinga ma ogni tanto perde la testa per una giovane passera, Silvietta, appartenente alla famiglia delle passere scopaiole, cosa questa che inizialmente genera equivoci e fraintendimenti e seminando lo scompiglio all'interno della fattoria.\n\nEssendo una talpa ha problemi di vista che sono all'origine della celebre gag del primo incontro con Lupo Alberto che lui scambia con il suo amico Beppe. La gag diventer\u00e0 un tormentone della serie, alle volte accompagnata da un pugno sul naso. Solo nella tavola n\u00b0 375 Enrico sembra avere un barlume di lucidit\u00e0 chiamando il lupo col suo vero nome (\u00abEhil\u00e0, Alberto!\u00bb) salvo poi subito correggersi e scusarsi per il fraintendimento. Tuttavia ormai sa da moltissimo tempo che Alberto non \u00e8 il suo amico Beppe ma lo chiama frequentemente Beppe in quanto \u00e8 diventato un soprannome, mentre Alberto, dal canto suo, chiama Enrico col nomignolo \"Tappo\". Spesso coinvolge Alberto in stravaganti imprese. Ha il vizio del fumo e lo si vede fuori dalla tana in vestaglia notturna con una sigaretta in mano.\n\nVive in una tana sotterranea ampia e spaziosa e riconoscibile dall'esterno da un piccolo cumulo di terra smossa, che funge da entrata, nelle vicinanze della fattoria McKenzie.\n\nGraficamente si evolve nel tempo: inizialmente molto basso, tozzo, orecchie e naso piccole e molto grasso, diventa un po' pi\u00f9 slanciato, dal naso lungo e le orecchie spariscono del tutto. Lo stesso vale per la moglie Cesira, praticamente identica e identificabile dalle ciglia pi\u00f9 lunghe o dalla presenza di un grembiule da massaia.\n\nSaghe, tormentoni e alter ego \n\nSia nel primo formato a strisce che nel successivo formato a tavole, Enrico \u00e8 il protagonista di storie nel quale Alberto risulta essere comprimario se non addirittura la spalla. Alcune di queste saghe di respiro pi\u00f9 o meno lungo oppure di tormentoni che si ripetono negli anni, sono di seguito elencate:\n\n Ricordi di guerra: Enrico millanta ricordi di guerra e di prigionia totalmente inventati nelle tavole dalla n\u00b0 138 alla n\u00b0145, alternando con racconti di trascorsi nella Gestapo a quelli passati tra gli Alpini.\n Guerra all'imbecillit\u00e0: Enrico decide di dichiarare guerra all'imbecillit\u00e0 con uno scolapasta in testa e armato di uno spadino di legno, riuscendo ad arruolare nell'impresa anche Alberto. La prima tavola con questa gag \u00e8 la n.760 ma verr\u00e0 ripresa poi periodicamente.Consulente matrimoniale: nonostante abbia un lavoro impiegatizio, ogni tanto Enrico si imbarca in nuove attivit\u00e0 quali ad esempio il consulente matrimoniale; \u00e8 una delle gag che viene ripresa ogni tanto. Quando esercita questa professione indossa un paio di occhiali da sole scuri.\n Cavaliere mascherato: Enrico, a cavallo di una scopa a simulare un cavallo, si avventura in giro per la fattoria a difendere i deboli e gli oppressi nella segreta speranza di essere notato e assunto dalla Marvel Comics. La prima apparizione risale alla tavola n\u00b0147 per poi ripresentarsi saltuariamente anche in lunghe sequenze di tavole.\n Diritti degli omosessuali: in un numero considerevole di strisce (senza soluzione di continuit\u00e0 dalla n\u00b0762 alla n\u00b0975 e in parte scritte in collaborazione con Bonvi) Enrico \u00e8 impegnato a lottare per il riconoscimento dei diritti civili degli omosessuali e contro il Moralismo imperante nella fattoria McKenzie. Nelle strisce di questo periodo, il 1977, per alcuni versi surreali, Enrico arriva a dichiarasi gay coinvolgendo Alberto, in una lotta di rivendicazione per i diritti dei gay, suscitando sconforto nella moglie e pettegolezzi in tutta la fattoria arrivando a coinvolgere nella lotta un gruppo di formiche comuniste;  In quegli anni l'argomento era ancora tab\u00f9 e questo lo fece diventare un piccolo cult per la comunit\u00e0 gay italiana, portando Silver a disegnare delle tavole anche per la rivista gay \"Fuori!\". \n\u00c8 anche da notare un suo radicale cambio di atteggiamento quando, nella storia \"il sostituto di Mos\u00e8\", il personaggio di Myosotis provoca Cesira dichiarandosi omosessuale: sentito il fatto, Enrico, scandalizzato, intima alla moglie addirittura di non toccare niente in casa e andare a lavarsi. \nHenri la Taupe: forse non si tratta della stessa persona, sta di fatto che Cattivik si trova solitamente accompagnato da costui, simile ad Enrico in molti versi (compreso il fatto di chiamare l'amico con il nome di \"Beppe\"), fatta eccezione per gli abiti e l'accento francese.\n\nAltri media\n\nTelevisione \nNella serie animata di Lupo Alberto Enrico \u00e8 stato doppiato da Paolo Torrisi. Nella serie degli anni settanta di SuperGulp \u00e8 stato doppiato da Willy Moser.\n\nNote\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nPersonaggi di Lupo Alberto\nMammiferi immaginari", "meta": {"title": "Enrico La Talpa", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico%20La%20Talpa", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A 2000 \u00e9s 2006 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt gy\u00e1rtott Honda CB900F motorker\u00e9kp\u00e1r, amit Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban \u00e9s \u00edgy Magyarorsz\u00e1gon is Honda Hornet 900 n\u00e9ven forgalmaztak, illetve az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokban Honda 919 n\u00e9ven ismert, egy v\u00edzh\u0171t\u00e9ses, soros n\u00e9gyhengeres 919 k\u00f6bcentim\u00e9teres er\u0151forr\u00e1ssal rendelkez\u0151 g\u00e9p, ami 100 LE felett teljes\u00edt \u00e9s 194\u00a0kg-ot nyom sz\u00e1razon. Hatfokozat\u00fa v\u00e1lt\u00f3val szerelik. El\u00f6l kett\u0151, h\u00e1tul egy t\u00e1rcsaf\u00e9k tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 rajta. A n\u00e9gyhengeres er\u0151forr\u00e1s egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt a Honda CBR900RR-n\u00e9l haszn\u00e1lt motoron alapul.\n\nKapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 sz\u00f3cikkek \n\nHonda j\u00e1rm\u0171vek list\u00e1ja\n\nK\u00fcls\u0151 hivatkoz\u00e1sok \n https://web.archive.org/web/20070217140904/http://powersports.honda.com/motorcycles/sport/\n Honda 919 & Honda Hornet Information Website\n Honda919Rider\n http://www.919.org\n http://www.919hornet.hu\n https://web.archive.org/web/20180807023244/http://hondahornet.hu/\n\nCB900F", "meta": {"title": "Honda CB900F", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20CB900F", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Plusieurs membres des maisons cap\u00e9tiennes d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans ont port\u00e9 le nom de Gaston d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans :\n Gaston d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans (1608-1660), duc d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, fils d\u2019Henri IV de France et fr\u00e8re de Louis XIII contre qui il a souvent complot\u00e9 ;\n Gaston d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans (1842-1922), comte d\u2019Eu, fils de Louis d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, duc de Nemours ;\n Gaston d'Orl\u00e9ans (n\u00e9 en 2009), dauphin de France, fils de Jean d'Orl\u00e9ans, comte de Paris, pr\u00e9tendant orl\u00e9aniste au tr\u00f4ne de France depuis 2019.", "meta": {"title": "Gaston d'Orl\u00e9ans", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaston%20d%27Orl%C3%A9ans", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u043e\u043a \u0420\u0456\u0432\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456, \u0443 \u0412\u0456\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0456 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0425\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u041b\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 (\u0431\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0414\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430).\n\n\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \n\u0414\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 11\u00a0\u043a\u043c. \u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043e\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439\u043c. \u041f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443 47,8\u00a0\u043a\u043c\u00b2.\n\n\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0417\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e. \u0422\u0435\u0447\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0411\u0456\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d \u0456 \u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u041b\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0443, \u043b\u0456\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0414\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430. \n\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430  .\n\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \n \u0413\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u042e.\u0421. \u0420\u0435\u0454\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0412\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456. \u2014 \u0412\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f: \u0411\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0411\u0443\u0433, 2010. \u2014 16 \u0441. (\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044f 3.) \n\n\u041c\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0425\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0412\u0456\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0443\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0412\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\n\u0420\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0443\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0425\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0446\u0456\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0412\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0446\u0456", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u043e\u043a \u0420\u0456\u0432", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%20%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B2", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "David Blaine (* 4. April 1973 in Brooklyn, New York City als David Blaine White) ist ein US-amerikanischer Aktions- und Zauberk\u00fcnstler. Sein Vater ist zur H\u00e4lfte Puerto-Ricaner und seine Mutter russisch-j\u00fcdischer Abstammung.\n\nSeine Spezialgebiete sind einerseits die Closeup-Zauberei, eine Form der Magie, die im direkten Kontakt mit den Zuschauern vollbracht wird, und andererseits spektakul\u00e4re Stunts und Sensationsnummern, die an die Grenzen seiner physischen und psychischen Belastbarkeit gehen.\n\nHintergr\u00fcnde \nBlaine begann seine Karriere mit der Zauberei auf den Stra\u00dfen New Yorks. Dort zeigte er Passanten u.\u00a0a. Zaubereien mit Karten, M\u00fcnzen und Geldscheinen, aber auch die Illusion von Telepathie und Levitation. Gefilmt von einem kleinen Kamerateam, legten diese Vorf\u00fchrungen den Grundstein f\u00fcr mehrere erfolgreiche Fernsehshows, wie beispielsweise David Blaine: Street Magic (1996) oder David Blaine: Magic Man (1998).\n\nIm Laufe seines Werdeganges wandte er sich immer \u00f6fter spektakul\u00e4ren Stunts und Sensationsnummern zu, die mit konventioneller Zauberkunst wenig zu tun haben, sondern eher das Potenzial des menschlichen Willens demonstrieren sollen. Blaine ist Gr\u00fcndungsmitglied des Conjuring Arts Research Center, das sich der wissenschaftlichen Erforschung und Dokumentation von historischer Zauberkunst widmet.\n\nAktionen\n\nBuried Alive (1999) \nAm 5. April 1999 lie\u00df sich Blaine in einem gl\u00e4sernen Sarg in einer Grube versenken, die vor einem von Donald Trumps B\u00fcrogeb\u00e4uden in New York ausgehoben wurde. In diesem \u201eGrab\u201c verbrachte er sieben Tage ohne offensichtliche Zufuhr von Luft oder Lebensmitteln. Passanten konnten ihn hier 24 Stunden am Tag durch den gl\u00e4sernen Sargdeckel beobachten. Mit diesem Spektakel wollte Blaine an entsprechende Stunts von Harry Houdini ankn\u00fcpfen.\n\nFrozen in Time (2000) \nAm 27. November 2000 lie\u00df sich David Blaine am Times Square in New York in einen Block aus Eis einschlie\u00dfen. Von au\u00dfen durch Schl\u00e4uche mit Wasser und Frischluft versorgt und mit einem Blasenkatheter versehen, verbrachte er auf diese Weise 61 Stunden, 40 Minuten und 15 Sekunden, stehend und wach. Der weitestgehend durchsichtige Eisblock war auf einem Podest aufgebaut, unter dem man hindurchsehen konnte, um Skeptikern zu beweisen, dass Blaine tats\u00e4chlich die volle Zeit im Eis verbrachte. Eigenen Aussagen nach konnte er selbst einen Monat nach diesem Stunt noch nicht wieder normal laufen. Mit dieser Aktion stellte Blaine einen Weltrekord auf, der allerdings Ende 2009 vom israelischen Zauberk\u00fcnstler Hezi Dean gebrochen wurde.\n\nVertigo (2002) \n\nAm 22. Mai 2002 stellte sich Blaine im New Yorker Bryant Park auf eine 90 Fu\u00df (ca. 27\u00a0m) hohe S\u00e4ule und blieb dort auf einer im Durchmesser nur 22 Zoll (ca. 56\u00a0cm) messenden Plattform ohne Nahrung oder Sicherung die n\u00e4chsten 35 Stunden stehen. Am Ende dieser Aktion sprang er schlie\u00dflich von der S\u00e4ule in einen 12 Fu\u00df (3,7\u00a0m) hohen Stapel aus Pappkartons.\n\nAbove the Below (2003) \n\nAm 5. September 2003 begann Blaines umstrittenste Aktion: In einer durchsichtigen \u201eZelle\u201c (der Ausma\u00dfe 2,1\u00a0m \u00d7 2,1\u00a0m \u00d7 0,9\u00a0m), die in neun Meter H\u00f6he im Potters Fields Park am s\u00fcdlichen Ufer der Themse in London aufgeh\u00e4ngt wurde, verbrachte er 44 Tage ohne Nahrung, nur versorgt mit Wasser. Mittels einer Webcam war es m\u00f6glich, Blaine durchgehend zu beobachten.\n\nZwar waren die meisten Beobachter friedlich und zur\u00fcckhaltend, doch erlangte dieser Stunt einiges Medienaufsehen durch feindselige und provozierende Aktionen Einzelner. So wurde die Kunststoffkiste mit Eiern, Zitronen, W\u00fcrstchen, Speck, Flaschen, Farbbeuteln und dergleichen beworfen, und, um Aufsehen zu erregen, organisierte eine britische Zeitung einen ferngesteuerten Minihubschrauber, der einen Hamburger rund um die Kiste flog.\n\nEin Mann wurde festgenommen, als er versuchte, die Versorgungsleitungen zu der Kiste zu kappen, und zahlreiche Passanten zeigten Blaine ihre blanken Br\u00fcste und Hinterteile.\n\nAbgemagert verlie\u00df Blaine die Kiste am 19. Oktober 2003, kaum noch in der Lage zu gehen oder zu sprechen. Es folgte ein l\u00e4ngerer Krankenhausaufenthalt zur Behandlung einer schweren Unterern\u00e4hrung. In den 44 Tagen in seiner Kiste verlor er 27\u00a0kg K\u00f6rpergewicht.\n\n2007 erschien der Dokumentarfilm A Hunger Artist \u2013 Ein Hungerk\u00fcnstler: David Blaine\u2019s Above the Below von Christof Wolf auf DVD.\n\nDrowned Alive (2006) \n\nVom 1. Mai 2006 bis zum 8. Mai 2006 befand sich David Blaine f\u00fcr 176 Stunden in einer wassergef\u00fcllten Plexiglaskugel vor dem Lincoln Center in New York, mit Luft und Fl\u00fcssignahrung durch Schl\u00e4uche versorgt. Nach ca. 2 Tagen rieten ihm die \u00c4rzte abzubrechen, da seine Haut Risse bekam, doch Blaine ignorierte diese Warnung. Zum Abschluss dieser Veranstaltung versuchte er den Weltrekord im Luftanhalten (seinerzeit 8 Minuten und 58 Sekunden, aufgestellt von Tom Sietas) zu brechen, was er jedoch nach 7 Minuten und 8 Sekunden wegen Ersch\u00f6pfung aufgeben musste.\n\nDie Show endete fast mit einer Trag\u00f6die. Blaine verlor die Kontrolle und versuchte trotz seiner Fu\u00dfketten aufzutauchen. W\u00e4hrend seine Sicherungstaucher die Ketten l\u00f6sten, wurde er ohnm\u00e4chtig.\n\nAm 30. April 2008 wiederholte David Blaine live in der Oprah Winfrey Show den Versuch, den Weltrekord im Luftanhalten zu brechen; diesmal allerdings nach Pr\u00e4oxygenierung mit hundertprozentigem Sauerstoff. Die vorherige Bestmarke (mit Pr\u00e4oxygenierung) lag bei 16 Minuten und 32 Sekunden, aufgestellt von dem Schweizer Peter Colat. Unter Beobachtung von Vertretern der Guinness World Records gelang es Blaine, seine Atmung f\u00fcr 17 Minuten und 4 Sekunden zu unterbrechen und damit eine neue Rekordmarke zu setzen.\n\nRevolution (2006) \nAm 18. November 2006 gab Blaine seinen n\u00e4chsten Stunt bekannt. Er informierte die Presse dar\u00fcber, dass er in 50 Fu\u00df H\u00f6he an ein Gyroskop gefesselt sein werde, das sich fortw\u00e4hrend um sich selbst drehen werde. Sein Ziel war es, sich von den Fesseln zu befreien, aber erst nachdem er 16 Stunden lang darin umhergewirbelt wurde. Das Gyroskop drehte sich mit 8 Umdrehungen pro Minute um sich selbst, w\u00e4hrend es \u00fcber einem leeren Parkplatz in Manhattan nahe dem Times Square hing. Erst nach rund 52 Stunden l\u00f6ste er seine Fesseln und sprang ca. 12 Meter tief auf eine Holzb\u00fchne, die er bei der Landung durchschlug. Blaine blieb unverletzt. Der Sponsor dieser Aktion schenkte 100 Kindern und ihren Familien Einkaufsgutscheine \u00fcber je 500 Dollar.\n\nDive of Death (2008) \n\nAm 23. September 2008 lie\u00df sich David Blaine kopf\u00fcber an einem Drahtseil \u00fcber der Eisbahn Wollman Rink im Central Park in New York City aufh\u00e4ngen. Er blieb f\u00fcr \u00fcber 60 Stunden in dieser Position, die letzten beiden Stunden der Aktion wurden live auf verschiedenen TV-Sendern \u00fcbertragen. Namensgebend f\u00fcr diese Aktion war der Abschluss durch einen \u201eTodessprung\u201c (Dive of Death) in die Dunkelheit (23:15 Uhr Ortszeit).\n\nDressed for Dinner (2009) \nIm September 2009 sprang Blaine vor der K\u00fcste von Guadeloupe nur mit einem Smoking bekleidet ins Meer. Er verbrachte mehrere Tage im offenen Wasser, wo er mit knapp zwei Dutzend wei\u00dfer Haie schwamm. Die Aktion wurde gemeinsam mit dem Herren-Designer Adam Kimmel durchgef\u00fchrt.\n\nBullet Catch (2010) \nIn seinem Fernsehfilm David Blaine: What Is Magic?, welcher 2010 erschien, f\u00e4ngt Blaine eine von einer Pistole abgefeuerte Kleinkaliber-Patrone (.22) mit einem kleinen Metallbecher in seinem Mund. Der Stunt wurde in Zeitlupe mit 10.000 Bildern pro Sekunde aufgezeichnet.\n\n2015 wiederholte er den Stunt w\u00e4hrend einer Live-Show vor 20.000 Zuschauern. Die Besonderheit dabei war jedoch, dass Blaine selbst die Patrone auch abschoss.\n\nElectrified (2012) \nAm 5. Oktober 2012 begann Blaine seinen Stunt namens Electrified. Dabei stellte er sich f\u00fcr 73 Stunden auf eine 22 Fu\u00df (ca. 6,7 Meter) hohe S\u00e4ule, welche von sieben Teslaspulen umgeben war. Die Spulen erzeugten eine Spannung in H\u00f6he von einer Million Volt und waren w\u00e4hrend des gesamten Stunts direkt auf Blaine gerichtet. Blaine hatte einen 15-Kilogramm-schweren Schutzanzug aus Metall an, welcher als Faradayscher K\u00e4fig diente.\n\nDie gesamte Aktion wurde live auf YouTube gestreamt und hatte \u00fcber 400 Millionen Zuschauer.\n\nAscension (2020) \n\nBlaine lie\u00df sich in Page, Arizona von 52 Helium-Ballons in eine H\u00f6he von 7600 m ziehen und landete danach mit einem Fallschirm, welchen er sich selbst in einer H\u00f6he von 2200 m angezogen hatte.\n\nDieser Stunt wurde ebenfalls auf YouTube gestreamt und hat mittlerweile \u00fcber 21 Millionen Aufrufe. In dem Livestream erw\u00e4hnte er auch, dass er diesen Stunt nur wegen seiner Tochter mache, um ihr zu zeigen, dass alles m\u00f6glich ist, wenn man nur daran glaubt.\n\nTrivia \nBlaine tritt in Staffel 5, Episode 3 der US-Serie South Park in Erscheinung. In der Folge Die Liga der Super Besten Freunde (orig. \u201eSuper Best Friends\u201c) bildet Jesus ein Heldenteam, bestehend aus Mohammed, Buddha, Krishna, Joseph Smith, Laozi und \u201eSea Man\u201c, um eine Sekte zu stoppen, die sich um Blaine gegr\u00fcndet hat. Die Blainetologen sind eine Anspielung auf die religi\u00f6se Bewegung Scientology.\n\nBibliografie \n Mysterious Stranger (Autobiographie), ISBN 0-7522-1989-8.\n\nFilmografie \n 1996: David Blaine: Street Magic\n 1998: David Blaine: Magic Man\n 2000: David Blaine: Frozen in Time\n 2002: David Blaine: Vertigo\n 2002: David Blaine: Fearless\n 2003: David Blaine: Above the Below\n 2006: David Blaine: Drowned Alive\n 2008: David Blaine: Dive of Death\n 2010: David Blaine: What Is Magic?\n 2010: David Blaine: Beautiful Struggle\n 2013: David Blaine: Real or Magic\n 2016: David Blaine: Beyond Magic\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\n \n Offizielle Website (englisch)\n \u201eDavid Blaine \u2013 der verr\u00fcckte Magier\u201c, Rheinische Post, 9. Mai 2006\n\nZauberk\u00fcnstler\nMagician of the Year\nPerformancek\u00fcnstler (Vereinigte Staaten)\nUS-Amerikaner\nGeboren 1973\nMann", "meta": {"title": "David Blaine", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Blaine", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "I'll Be Home for Christmas is an extended play released by American country artist Sara Evans. The project was released on November 3, 2009 via RCA Records Nashville. It was Evans's first EP release and first collection of holiday music. It was released through digital retailers at the time, including iTunes.\n\nContent and promotion\nIn October 2009, Evans announced the release of a holiday-themed project. The record coincided with her Christmas tour that fall called \"Celebrate the Season\". The tour ran for several years in which she promoted her holiday EP through RCA Nashville.\n\nThe extended play consisted of four tracks, including \"Go Tell It on the Mountain\" and \"New Again\", a duet with country artist Brad Paisley. Following the album's release, Evans began her \"Celebrate the Season Tour\", which consisted of two sets. The first set featured Evans performing songs from her holiday collection while the second set featured some of her biggest hits.\n\nTrack listing\n\nRelease history\n\nReferences\n\n2009 debut EPs\nSara Evans EPs\nChristmas EPs\nCountry Christmas albums", "meta": {"title": "I'll Be Home for Christmas (EP)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%27ll%20Be%20Home%20for%20Christmas%20%28EP%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Flaxieu telep\u00fcl\u00e9s Franciaorsz\u00e1gban, Ain megy\u00e9ben.\n\nN\u00e9pess\u00e9g\nA telep\u00fcl\u00e9s n\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9nek v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sa:\n\nJegyzetek\n\nTov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k\n\nAin megye telep\u00fcl\u00e9sei\nBottal l\u00e9trehozott francia telep\u00fcl\u00e9s cikkek", "meta": {"title": "Flaxieu", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxieu", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jytte Abildstr\u00f8m (born 25 March 1934) is a Danish film actress. She has appeared in 40 films since 1956. She was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. She and her husband S\u00f8ren Mygind are the parents of Peter Mygind.\n\nFilmography\n\n Julestjerner (2012)\n Der var engang en dreng (2006)\n Freak Show 2003 (2003)\n Flyvende farmor (2001)\n Prop og Berta (2000)\n Dykkerne (2000)\n Hannibal & Jerry (1997)\n Jungledyret (1993)\n Felix (1982)\n Usynlige pattebarn, Det (1982)\n The Adventures of Picasso (1978)\n Prins Piwi (1974)\n Mafiaen - det er osse mig! (1974)\n Fra Poetens pen - et udpluk af nye og gamle tekster skrevet af Poul S\u00f8rensen (1974)\n Askepot (1973)\n H\u00f8gejumfruen (1973)\n Hashtr\u00e6et (1973)\n Mannen som slutade r\u00f6ka (1972)\n Mor, jeg har patienter (1972)\n Den forsvundne fuldm\u00e6gtig (1971)\n Revolutionen i vandkanten (1971)\n Bennys badekar (1971)\n Svend, Knud og Valdemar (1970)\n Snedronningen (1970)\n Ikke et ord om Harald (1970)\n Kameldamen (1969)\n Far laver sovsen (1967)\n Thomas er fredl\u00f8s (1967)\n Mig og min lillebror (1967)\n K\u00e6rligheden varer l\u00e6ngst (1967)\n Soyas tagsten (1966)\n Min s\u00f8sters b\u00f8rn (1966)\n Hold da helt ferie (1965)\n Sytten (1965)\n Don Olsen kommer til byen (1964)\n Fem mand og Rosa (1964)\n Sommer i Tyrol (1964)\n Soldaterkammerater p\u00e5 efter\u00e5rsman\u00f8vre (1961)\n Forelsket i K\u00f8benhavn (1960)\n Helle for Helene (1959)\n Poeten og Lillemor (1959)\n Vi som g\u00e5r stjernevejen (1956)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1934 births\nLiving people\nDanish film actresses\nActresses from Copenhagen\n20th-century Danish actresses", "meta": {"title": "Jytte Abildstr\u00f8m", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jytte%20Abildstr%C3%B8m", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Chupan Mahalleh (, also Romanized as Ch\u016bp\u0101n Ma\u1e29alleh) is a village in Khotbeh Sara Rural District, Kargan Rud District, Talesh County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 849, in 230 families.\n\nReferences \n\nPopulated places in Talesh County", "meta": {"title": "Chupan Mahalleh", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chupan%20Mahalleh", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Miguel Pardo Baz\u00e1n de Mendoza Castro (Cambados, 5 de agosto de 1784 - 1839) fue un militar y pol\u00edtico espa\u00f1ol, de origen gallego. Diputado a Cortes entre 1834 y 1837, destac\u00f3 su nieta, Emilia Pardo Baz\u00e1n.\n\nTrayectoria \n\nForm\u00f3 parte del Batall\u00f3n Literario durante la Guerra de la Independencia y consigui\u00f3 el grado de teniente coronel. Presidi\u00f3 la primera Junta de Censura (1810) y form\u00f3 parte en el trienio liberal de la Diputaci\u00f3n de La Coru\u00f1a. En 1821 firm\u00f3 una denuncia contra el gobierno por la falta de libertad de prensa y fue diputado a Cortes por las circunscripciones de Pontevedra (1834-1836) y La Coru\u00f1a (1836-1837).\n\nSe cas\u00f3 en septiembre de 1821 con Joaquina Mosquera Ribera, nacida en 1805, y tuvieron cinco hijos: Adelaida (1823); Gonzalo (1824); Jos\u00e9 (1827, que fue padre de Emilia Pardo Baz\u00e1n); Demetrio (1829) y Laureano (1839). El \u00fanico que sobrevivir\u00eda al padre ser\u00eda Jos\u00e9, que heredar\u00eda todos los v\u00ednculos y mayorazgos.\n\nReferencias\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n\n\nBibliograf\u00eda \n\n Couceiro Freijomil, A. (1954). \"PARDO BAZ\u00c1N, Miguel\". Diccionario bio-bibliogr\u00e1fico de escritores (en castel\u00e1n) III. Santiago de Compostela: Bibli\u00f3filos Gallegos. p.\u00a031.\n\nOtros art\u00edculos \n\n Jos\u00e9 Pardo Baz\u00e1n Mosquera\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n Ficha en el Congreso de los Diputados\n Xenealox\u00eda Pardo Baz\u00e1n, Emilia (l\u00ednea paterna)\n\nMilitares de Galicia\nNacidos en Cambados", "meta": {"title": "Miguel Pardo Baz\u00e1n", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel%20Pardo%20Baz%C3%A1n", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Pappenheimer Mansion, later the Ponce de Leon Infirmary, then Midtown Hospital, was located at 144 Ponce de Leon Avenue NE in Midtown Atlanta, on the north side between Piedmont and Juniper streets. Furniture magnate Oscar Pappenheimer (1861-1917) built his first house on the site around 1900, which burned down in 1914. Pappenheimer rebuilt almost immediately, including a famous music room which contained a pipe organ as well as two grand pianos.\n\nInterest in classical music waned in the 1890s through 1910s and Pappenheimer was credited as being one of the sole forces encouraging the performance of chamber music in Atlanta. For more than three decades, informal concerts were given in his music room.\n\nHistory\nThe Pappenheimer family lived in the house until the 1930s, after which the house was used as a fraternity house for Georgia Tech students.\n\nBy 1941 it had become an ear, nose and throat hospital called the Ponce de Leon Infirmary, founded by Dr. Murdock Equen.\n\nIn 1977 it became Midtown Hospital, which specialized in second trimester abortions, performing the largest number of abortions of any institution in the state, more than 7000 in 1996. By the 1980s conditions in the hospital had deteriorated, conditions had become overcrowded and unsanitary and in 1988 the State of Georgia closed it.\n\nThe mansion was demolished in 1999 and the Marq on Ponce apartment complex now occupies the site.\n\nReferences\n\nHouses completed in 1900\nDemolished buildings and structures in Atlanta\nHospitals in Atlanta\nAmerican abortion providers\nMusic venues in Atlanta\nBuildings and structures demolished in 1999", "meta": {"title": "Pappenheimer Mansion", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pappenheimer%20Mansion", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Antoine Jacob (born 1906, date of death unknown) was a French diver. He competed in the men's 3 metre springboard event at the 1924 Summer Olympics.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1906 births\nYear of death missing\nFrench male divers\nOlympic divers of France\nDivers at the 1924 Summer Olympics\nPlace of birth missing\n20th-century French people", "meta": {"title": "Antoine Jacob (diver)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine%20Jacob%20%28diver%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gabriele Hinzmann (Alemania, 31 de mayo de 1947) es una atleta alemana retirada, especializada en la prueba de lanzamiento de disco en la que lleg\u00f3 a ser medallista de bronce ol\u00edmpica en 1976.\n\nCarrera deportiva\nEn los JJ. OO. de Montreal 1976 gan\u00f3 la medalla de bronce en el lanzamiento de disco, con una marca de 66.84 metros, quedando en el podio tras su paisana alemana Evelin Schlaak y la b\u00falgara Mariya Vergova.\n\nReferencias\n\nAtletas de la Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica Alemana\nMedallistas ol\u00edmpicos de atletismo\nLanzadores de disco\nNacidos en Schwerin", "meta": {"title": "Gabriele Hinzmann", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriele%20Hinzmann", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "R\u0103b\u0103gani este o comun\u0103 \u00een jude\u021bul Bihor, Cri\u0219ana, Rom\u00e2nia, format\u0103 din satele Albe\u0219ti, Br\u0103te\u0219ti, R\u0103b\u0103gani (re\u0219edin\u021ba), S\u0103li\u0219te de Pomezeu, S\u0103ucani \u0219i V\u0103r\u0103\u0219eni.\n\nObiective turistice \n Rezerva\u021bia natural\u0103 \u201cIzvoarele mezotermale R\u0103b\u0103gani\u201d (0,5 ha).\n Biserica de lemn din Br\u0103te\u0219ti\n Biserica de lemn din S\u0103li\u0219te de Pomezeu\n Biserica de lemn din S\u0103ucani\n\nDemografie \n\nConform recens\u0103m\u00e2ntului efectuat \u00een 2011, popula\u021bia comunei R\u0103b\u0103gani se ridic\u0103 la  de\u00a0locuitori, \u00een sc\u0103dere fa\u021b\u0103 de recens\u0103m\u00e2ntul anterior din 2002, c\u00e2nd se \u00eenregistraser\u0103 \u00a0de\u00a0locuitori. Majoritatea locuitorilor sunt rom\u00e2ni (88,37%), cu o minoritate de romi (9,65%). Pentru 1,54% din popula\u021bie, apartenen\u021ba etnic\u0103 nu este cunoscut\u0103.\nDin punct de vedere confesional, majoritatea locuitorilor sunt ortodoc\u0219i (93,63%), dar exist\u0103 \u0219i minorit\u0103\u021bi de penticostali (3,18%) \u0219i bapti\u0219ti (1,16%). Pentru 1,54% din popula\u021bie, nu este cunoscut\u0103 apartenen\u021ba confesional\u0103.\n\nPolitic\u0103 \u0219i administra\u021bie \nComuna R\u0103b\u0103gani este administrat\u0103 de un primar \u0219i un consiliu local compus din 11 consilieri. Primarul, , de la , este \u00een func\u021bie din . \u00cencep\u00e2nd cu alegerile locale din 2020, consiliul local are urm\u0103toarea componen\u021b\u0103 pe partide politice:\n\nNote \n\nR\u0103b\u0103gani", "meta": {"title": "Comuna R\u0103b\u0103gani, Bihor", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comuna%20R%C4%83b%C4%83gani%2C%20Bihor", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Edison light bulbs, also known as filament light bulbs and retroactively referred to as antique light bulbs or vintage light bulbs, are either carbon- or early tungsten-filament incandescent light bulbs, or modern bulbs that reproduce their appearance. Most of the bulbs in circulation are reproductions of the wound filament bulbs made popular by Edison Electric Light Company at the turn of the 20th century. They are easily identified by the long and complicated windings of their internal filaments, and by the very warm-yellow glow of the light they produce (many of the bulbs emit light at a color temperature of 2200\u20132400K).\n\nHistory \n\nLight bulbs with a carbon filament were first demonstrated by Edison in October 1879. These carbon filament bulbs, the first electric light bulbs, became available commercially that same year. In 1904 a tungsten filament was invented by Austro-Hungarians Alexander Just and Franjo Hanaman, and was more efficient and longer-lasting than the carbonized bamboo filament used previously.  The introduction of a neutral gas to the glass envelope (or bulb) also helped to improve the lifespan and brightness of the bulb. To produce enough light, these lamps required the use of extremely long filaments, which remained so until the development of more efficiently wound tungsten filaments.\n\nIn the 1960s, US inventor Robert (Bob) Kyp patented a similar in appearance but flickering \"electric flame\" light bulb under the name Balafire as well as radiometers. His flicker bulb was used in a 7-Up commercial, and the company he ran since 1964, Kyp-Go, is currently the only US manufacturer of carbon-filament bulbs.\n\nResurgence \nIn the 1980s, after watching a salvage operation, Bob Rosenzweig started the reproduction and selling of his faux-antique bulbs. These vintage-style light bulb reproductions were sold mostly to collectors and prop houses, and continued until the turn of the 21st century when new regulations banned low-efficiency lighting in many countries. However, while domestic lighting shifted toward more efficient compact fluorescent lamps and LED lights, demand for vintage bulbs likewise increased. Sold as \"specialty lighting\", Edison-style incandescent lamps are exempted from the ban in most places.\n\nMore contemporary \"Edison light bulbs\" are designed to replicate the same light color and bulb shape of the original, but offer a more energy-efficient version to Rosenzweig's popular vintage reproduction bulbs (modern tungsten coils are already more efficient). These bulbs maintain the same \"exposed\" look to further preserve the vintage reproduction style, and often employ the \"ST\" long-pear bulb shape for the same reason. LED bulbs, including LED retro types, are much more energy-efficient than any incandescent lighting.\n\nA 2010 article in The New York Times noted that some restaurants were hanging hundreds of Edison light bulbs from their ceilings, stating: \"Whether in hip hangouts tapping into the popular Victorian industrial look or elegant rooms seeking to warm up their atmosphere, the bulb has become a staple for restaurant designers, in part because it emulates candlelight and flatters both dinner and diner.\" \n\nWithin several years, the aesthetic spread globally. By August 2016, design reporter Kyle Chayka bemoaned in The Verge that every new cafe around the world was beginning to look the same no matter if a person was \"in Odessa, Beijing, Los Angeles, or Seoul: the same raw wood tables, exposed brick, and hanging Edison bulbs.\" Quartz would later trace the popularization of these looks to Brooklyn, New York.\n\nReferences\n\nTypes of lamp", "meta": {"title": "Edison light bulb", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edison%20light%20bulb", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary is situated north of Bandipur National Park in Mysore District of Karnataka, India. The northern part of Nugu WLS is occupied by the Nugu Reservoir. It serves as a home to many species of flora and fauna such as Dipterocarpus indicus, Calophyllum tomentosum, elephants, wild pigs, spotted deer, leopards, jungle cats, etc. This wildlife sanctuary serves as a great tourist attraction, especially in the months of October to April.\n\nAccording to animal activists, Nugu is a vulnerable area as far as human\u2013elephant conflicts are concerned.\n\nLocation \nNugu WLS's elevation ranges from . Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary also receives an annual rainfall amounting to . The wildlife sanctuary is also surrounded by Nugu Dam, two seasonal lakes, and three water tanks to provide water resources in the sanctuary.\n\nEco-sensitive zone \nNugu Wildlife Sanctuary has been declared as an eco-sensitive zone by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, because of the number of commercial tourism ventures in the sanctuary. This was also done in order to emphasize the density of elephant populations and to conserve them.\n\nReferences \n\nWildlife sanctuaries in Karnataka", "meta": {"title": "Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nugu%20Wildlife%20Sanctuary", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kirstie Elaine Alora (born November 25, 1989) is a Filipina taekwondo practitioner. She represented the Philippines at the 2016 Summer Olympics after winning the silver medal at the Asian Olympic Qualifying Tournament.\n\nAt the 2016 Summer Olympics, she was defeated by Maria Espinoza of Mexico in the round of 16. She was then defeated by Wiam Dislam of Morocco in the repechage. Alora was the flag bearer for the Philippines during the closing ceremony.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nAsian Games medalists in taekwondo\nTaekwondo practitioners at the 2006 Asian Games\nTaekwondo practitioners at the 2010 Asian Games\nTaekwondo practitioners at the 2014 Asian Games\nFilipino female taekwondo practitioners\n1989 births\nAsian Games bronze medalists for the Philippines\nLiving people\nTaekwondo practitioners at the 2016 Summer Olympics\nOlympic taekwondo practitioners of the Philippines\nMedalists at the 2010 Asian Games\nMedalists at the 2014 Asian Games\nSoutheast Asian Games silver medalists for the Philippines\nSoutheast Asian Games gold medalists for the Philippines\nSoutheast Asian Games competitors for the Philippines\nSoutheast Asian Games medalists in taekwondo\nTaekwondo practitioners at the 2018 Asian Games\nCompetitors at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games\nCompetitors at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games\nCompetitors at the 2009 Southeast Asian Games\nCompetitors at the 2011 Southeast Asian Games\nCompetitors at the 2013 Southeast Asian Games\nCompetitors at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games\nCompetitors at the 2019 Southeast Asian Games\nAsian Taekwondo Championships medalists\nCompetitors at the 2021 Southeast Asian Games", "meta": {"title": "Kirstie Alora", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirstie%20Alora", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "N\u00e9greville \u00e9s un municipi franc\u00e8s situat al departament de la Manche i a la regi\u00f3 de Normandia. L'any 2007 tenia 814\u00a0habitants.\n\nDemografia\n\nPoblaci\u00f3 \nEl 2007 la poblaci\u00f3 de fet de N\u00e9greville era de 814\u00a0persones. Hi havia 288 fam\u00edlies de les quals 48 eren unipersonals (16 homes vivint sols i 32 dones vivint soles), 84 parelles sense fills, 136 parelles amb fills i 20 fam\u00edlies monoparentals amb fills.\n\nLa poblaci\u00f3 ha evolucionat segons el seg\u00fcent gr\u00e0fic:\n\nHabitants censats\n\nHabitatges \nEl 2007 hi havia 303 habitatges, 288 eren l'habitatge principal de la fam\u00edlia, 7 eren segones resid\u00e8ncies i 7 estaven desocupats. Tots els 302 habitatges eren cases. Dels 288 habitatges principals, 245 estaven ocupats pels seus propietaris, 36 estaven llogats i ocupats pels llogaters i 7 estaven cedits a t\u00edtol gratu\u00eft; 9 tenien dues cambres, 48 en tenien tres, 67 en tenien quatre i 164 en tenien cinc o m\u00e9s. 239 habitatges disposaven pel capbaix d'una pla\u00e7a de p\u00e0rquing. A 106 habitatges hi havia un autom\u00f2bil i a 166 n'hi havia dos o m\u00e9s.\n\nPir\u00e0mide de poblaci\u00f3 \nLa pir\u00e0mide de poblaci\u00f3 per edats i sexe el 2009 era:\n\nEconomia \nEl 2007 la poblaci\u00f3 en edat de treballar era de 523\u00a0persones, 388 eren actives i 135 eren inactives. De les 388\u00a0persones actives 354 estaven ocupades (196 homes i 158 dones) i 34 estaven aturades (12 homes i 22 dones). De les 135\u00a0persones inactives 44 estaven jubilades, 45 estaven estudiant i 46 estaven classificades com a \u00abaltres inactius\u00bb.\n\nIngressos \nEl 2009 a N\u00e9greville hi havia 292 unitats fiscals que integraven 826\u00a0persones, la mediana anual d'ingressos fiscals per persona era de 16.777\u00a0\u20ac.\n\nActivitats econ\u00f2miques \nDels 23 establiments que hi havia el 2007, 3 eren d'empreses aliment\u00e0ries, 2 d'empreses de fabricaci\u00f3 d'altres productes industrials, 10 d'empreses de construcci\u00f3, 2 d'empreses de comer\u00e7 i reparaci\u00f3 d'autom\u00f2bils, 1 d'una empresa d'hostatgeria i restauraci\u00f3, 2 d'empreses immobili\u00e0ries, 2 d'empreses de serveis i 1 d'una empresa classificada com a \u00abaltres activitats de serveis\u00bb.\n\nDels 11 establiments de servei als particulars que hi havia el 2009, 2 eren tallers de reparaci\u00f3 d'autom\u00f2bils i de material agr\u00edcola, 1 establiment de lloguer de cotxes, 1 paleta, 3 fusteries, 3 lampisteries i 1 sal\u00f3 de bellesa.\n\nDels 3 establiments comercials que hi havia el 2009, 2 eren fleques i 1 una llibreria.\n\nL'any 2000 a N\u00e9greville hi havia 37 explotacions agr\u00edcoles que ocupaven un total de 750 hect\u00e0rees.\n\nEquipaments sanitaris i escolars \nEl 2009 hi havia una escola elemental.\n\nPoblacions m\u00e9s properes \nEl seg\u00fcent diagrama mostra les poblacions m\u00e9s properes.\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies \n\n R\u00e9sum\u00e9 statistique Fitxa resum de dades estad\u00edstiques de N\u00e9greville a l'INSEE.\n \u00c9volution et structure de la population Fitxa amb el detall de dades de N\u00e9greville a l'INSEE\n France par commune Dades detallades de tots els municipis de Fran\u00e7a accessibles a partir del mapa.\n\nMunicipis de Manche", "meta": {"title": "N\u00e9greville", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9greville", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "FL 7 or FL-7 can refer to:\nFL-7 rocket\nFlorida's 7th congressional district\nFlorida State Road 7", "meta": {"title": "FL 7", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FL%207", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0422\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0301\u0440 (\u0442\u044e\u0440\u043a. T\u00fcm\u00fcr, Demir\u00a0\u2014 \u00ab\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e\u00bb)\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0442\u044e\u0440\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u0418\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0443 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0422\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0443 (\u0422\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0443) (1336\u20141405).\n\n\u0412 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u00ab\u0422\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u00bb \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0410.\u00a0\u041f.\u00a0\u0413\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0435\u0432. \u041d\u043e \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u041f\u043e \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0422\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0422\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0422\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0439.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u043c. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \n \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\n\n\u041c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\n\u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u044e\u0440\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\u0422\u044e\u0440\u043a\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0422\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0440 (\u0438\u043c\u044f)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%20%28%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8F%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kummerfeld ist eine Gemeinde im Kreis Pinneberg in Schleswig-Holstein.\n\nGeografie und Verkehr \nKummerfeld liegt n\u00f6rdlich der Kreisstadt Pinneberg an der Bundesautobahn 23 und grenzt weiterhin an die Gemeinden Borstel-Hohenraden im Osten, Prisdorf im S\u00fcdwesten, Tornesch im Nordwesten sowie Ellerhoop im Norden.\nKummerfeld ist \u00fcber die Buslinie 185 in den HVV integriert.\nIm Nordwesten der Gemeinde flie\u00dft die Bilsbek.\n\nGeschichte \nDie erste urkundliche Erw\u00e4hnung Kummerfelds erfolgte im Jahr 1320. Der Ort hie\u00df urspr\u00fcnglich Cummervelde oder Kummeruelde, was vermutlich geringes Land bedeutet. Die Einwohnerzahl ist in den letzten Jahren angestiegen. Betrug sie 2006 noch 1996, so liegt sie mittlerweile bei 2366.\n\nPolitik\n\nGemeindevertretung \n\nErgebnis der Kommunalwahl vom 26. Mai 2013\n\nWappen \nBlasonierung: \u201eDurch einen erh\u00f6hten, schr\u00e4glinken silbernen Wellenbalken von Blau und Rot geteilt. Oben eine goldene Getreide\u00e4hre neben einer goldenen Eichel, unten ein auf einem silbernen Stein sitzender, linksgewendeter silberner Wolf mit ge\u00f6ffnetem Fang.\u201c\n\nSehensw\u00fcrdigkeiten \nDie Kocheiche, eines der markanten und alten Baumexemplare im s\u00fcdlichen Schleswig-Holstein und das gr\u00f6\u00dfte und imposanteste Naturdenkmal im Kreis Pinneberg.\n\nWirtschaft \nDie urspr\u00fcnglich agrarisch gepr\u00e4gte Gemeinde hat sich jetzt zu einer typischen Wohngemeinde des Hamburger Umlandes entwickelt. Westlich der Autobahn befindet sich ein Gewerbegebiet mit Betrieben aus verschiedenen Branchen, das zurzeit erweitert wird.\n\nSport \nKummerfeld verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber ein umfangreiches Sportgel\u00e4nde westlich der Autobahn. Neben mehreren Fu\u00dfball- und Tennispl\u00e4tzen, einem Beachvolleyball-Platz, einer Streetball-Anlage sowie einer Leichtathletik-Anlage befindet sich auf dem park\u00e4hnlichen Gel\u00e4nde seit 2007 auch eine moderne Dreifeld-Sporthalle. Die Cricket-Abteilung, die im Jahr 2016 durch Hassan Waseem gegr\u00fcndet worden war, spielt aktuell in der Deutschen Bundesliga. Sie ist in der Saison 2019 erstmals Deutscher Meister geworden und konnte den Erfolg im Jahr 2020 wiederholen.\n\nKultur \nVon 2006 bis 2017 fand auf dem Sportplatz der Gemeinde j\u00e4hrlich im September das Ackerfestival statt, das von einem eingetragenen Verein ausgetragen wurde. Vor den rund 2000\u00a0Besuchern spielten an zwei Tagen sowohl unbekanntere lokale Bands als auch bereits national/international erfolgreiche Bands.\n\nPers\u00f6nlichkeiten \nPersonen die in Kummerfeld geboren wurden oder hier gewirkt haben.\n Johann Georg Kuhlmann (* 9. April 1812), religi\u00f6ser Sozialist und Konfident\n Wilhelm Ferdinand Kuhlmann (* 20. Mai 1821), Raubm\u00f6rder\n  Hanns-J\u00fcrgen Bohland, B\u00fcrgermeister von 1988 bis 1990 und von 1994 bis 2013. Erster und bisher einziger Ehrenb\u00fcrger der Gemeinde Kummerfeld.\n\nWeblinks \n\n Gemeinde Kummerfeld beim Amt Pinnau\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nOrt im Kreis Pinneberg\n \nErsterw\u00e4hnung 1320", "meta": {"title": "Kummerfeld", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kummerfeld", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Leucaltidae is een familie van sponsdieren uit de klasse van de Calcarea (kalksponzen).\n\nGeslachten \n Ascandra Haeckel, 1872\n Leucaltis Haeckel, 1872\n Leucettusa Haeckel, 1872\n Leuclathrina Borojevic & Boury-Esnault, 1987\n\nKalksponzen", "meta": {"title": "Leucaltidae", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucaltidae", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Het ATP-toernooi van Houston 2007 (met de offici\u00eble naam US Men's Clay Court Championships) werd gespeeld van 9 t/m 15 april 2007. Er werd gespeeld op outdoor gravelbanen van de Westside Tennis Club in de Amerikaanse stad Houston.\n\nEnkelspel\n\nGeplaatste spelers\n\nPrijzengeld en ATP-punten\n\nToernooischema\n\nFinale\n\nBovenste helft\n\nOnderste helft\n\nDubbelspel\n\nGeplaatste spelers\n\nPrijzengeld en ATP-punten\n\nToernooischema\n\nBronvermelding \n  Enkelspel\n  Dubbelspel\n\nHouston\nATP-toernooi van Houston", "meta": {"title": "ATP-toernooi van Houston 2007", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP-toernooi%20van%20Houston%202007", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u043e\u0447\u0438 \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0443 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0410\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043e, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0422\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437 2011. \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 3733 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 386 \u043c.\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \n \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0435\n \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0438\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0410\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043e\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u043e\u0447\u0438 (\u0410\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043e)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%20%28%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BE%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gu\u00e9gon (en bret\u00f3 Gwegon, en gal\u00b7l\u00f3 Dj\u00e9gon) \u00e9s un municipi franc\u00e8s, situat a la regi\u00f3 de Bretanya, al departament d'Ar Mor-Bihan. L'any 2006 tenia 2.396\u00a0habitants. A l'inici del curs 2007 el 35,5% dels alumnes del municipi eren matriculats a la prim\u00e0ria biling\u00fce.\n\nDemografia\n\nAdministraci\u00f3\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies \n\nGuegon", "meta": {"title": "Gu\u00e9gon", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A9gon", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0417\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432'\u044f ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 21  \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.\n\n\u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0414\u043e 1927 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0457. \u0423 1927-1944 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0443\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0456\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456", "meta": {"title": "\u0417\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432'\u044f (\u041c\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%27%D1%8F%20%28%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Martin \u0160indel\u00e1\u0159 (* 22. ledna 1991) je \u010desk\u00fd fotbalov\u00fd obr\u00e1nce, od ledna 2023 hraj\u00edc\u00ed za slovensk\u00fd druholigov\u00fd celek FC Ko\u0161ice. Jeho otec Radek \u0160indel\u00e1\u0159 je b\u00fdval\u00fdm prvoligov\u00fdm fotbalistou.\n\nOdkazy\n\nReference\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n Profil, transfermarkt.co.uk\n Reprezenta\u010dn\u00ed statistiky, fotbal.cz\n\n\u010ce\u0161t\u00ed fotbalist\u00e9\nFotbalov\u00ed z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edci\nV\u00edt\u011bzov\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9ho Superpoh\u00e1ru\nFotbalist\u00e9 SK Kladno\nFotbalist\u00e9 SK Sigma Olomouc\nFotbalist\u00e9 FK Ban\u00edk Sokolov\nNarozen\u00ed 22. ledna\nNarozen\u00ed v roce 1991\nNarozen\u00ed v \u010ceskoslovensku\n\u017dij\u00edc\u00ed lid\u00e9\nMu\u017ei", "meta": {"title": "Martin \u0160indel\u00e1\u0159", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20%C5%A0indel%C3%A1%C5%99", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The greater hog badger (Arctonyx collaris) is a very large terrestrial mustelid native to Southeast Asia. It is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species because the global population is thought to be declining due to high levels of poaching.\n\nTaxonomy \nIt was formerly thought to be the only species in the genus Arctonyx, displaying heavy variation throughout its wide range, leading it to be classified as having many subspecies. However, a 2008 study found that Arctonyx should be split into three species.\nThe following subspecies were formerly recognized, but are now thought to be conspecific with little distinction between one another:\n Greater hog badger A. c. collaris (Cuvier, 1825) \u2013 lives in the Eastern Himalayas;\n Indochinese hog badger A. c. dictator (Thomas, 1910) \u2013 lives in southern Thailand and Indochina;\n Burmese hog badger A. c. consul (Pocock, 1940) \u2013 occurs from Assam to Myanmar.\n\nDescription \nThe greater hog badger has medium-length brown hair, a stocky body, white throat, two black stripes on an elongated white snout, with a pink, pig-like nose. The snout-to-rump length is , the tail measures  and the body weight is .\n\nWith weights regularly reported between , it is one of the world's largest terrestrial extant mustelids (by average body mass). It is perhaps only second or third to the wolverine, rivaling the European badger; However, hog badgers are not known to rival the weights of the European badger during autumn hyperphagia.\n\nA hog badger's appearance generally resembles the European badger, but having a pronounced pig-like snout, and with larger claws on the front feet. Its tail has long white hairs, and its front feet have white claws.\n\nDistribution and habitat \nThe greater hog badger is considered fairly common in Thailand and most of mainland Southeast Asia, living in tropical evergreen forests and grasslands. They are also to be found in the Terai of the Indian Subcontinent; from the Yamuna River east, through the states of Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Assam and West Bengal. The range also encompasses areas of lower Himalayan foothills in parts of Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal, in addition to the Brahmaputra River basin. Its distribution in Myanmar is considered patchy.\n\nBehaviour and ecology \nThe hog badger is active by day and not very wary of humans. Analysis of numerous camera trap pictures from Myanmar show no peak activity at either day or night.\n\nThe hog badger is omnivorous; its diet consists of fruits, roots and small animals.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\nBadgers\nCarnivorans of Malaysia\nMammals described in 1825\nTaxa named by Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Cuvier\nMammals of China\nMammals of India\nMammals of Indonesia\nMammals of Laos\nMammals of Myanmar\nMammals of Thailand\nMammals of Cambodia\nMammals of Vietnam", "meta": {"title": "Greater hog badger", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater%20hog%20badger", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "{{DISPLAYTITLE:C13H9N}}\nThe molecular formula C13H9N (molar mass: 179.22 g/mol, exact mass: 179.0735 u) may refer to:\n\n Acridine\n Phenanthridine\n\nMolecular formulas", "meta": {"title": "C13H9N", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C13H9N", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The , or GRIPS, is an elite, highly selective research graduate school located in Minato, Tokyo. Funded by the Japanese Government, it has the status of national university. It is also one of Asia's leading think tanks of policy scholars and social scientists focused on policy studies. It offers programs in security and international affairs, diplomacy, international development studies, economics, political science, disaster studies, and science and technology policies, among others.\n\nOverview\nFounded in 1997 as a stand-alone graduate institute, GRIPS is composed of academics and practitioners with expertise in public sector policy formulation and management. Around 20% of the faculty and 70% of students are recruited from outside Japan. \n\nLocally known as GRIPS, the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies is a stand-alone graduate school with an attached research center and a global reach. In August 2020, IDEAS ranked GRIPS to be the second highest-ranking Economics and Finance institute in Japan, only after the University of Tokyo. IDEAS also ranked GRIPS the 12th (from 14th in 2018) highest-ranking Economics and Finance research institution in Asia during the same time period based on research output and citations.\n\nAcademic programs \nLocated in central Tokyo, the institute offers graduate programs at both the Master's and Ph.D. levels:\n\n Master\u2019s Programs (International Programs)\n Young Leaders Program (School of Government)\n Young Leaders Program (School of Local Governance)\n One-year Master\u2019s Program of Public Policy (MP1)\n Two-year Master\u2019s Program of Public Policy (MP2)\n Macroeconomic Policy\n Public Finance\n Disaster Management Policy\n Economics, Planning and Public Policy\n Graduate Program in Japanese Language and Culture\n\n Master\u2019s Programs (Domestic Programs)\n Public Policy\n Development Policy\n Cultural Policy\n Intellectual Property\n Urban Policy\n Education Policy\n Disaster Risk Management\n Science, Technology and Innovation Policy\n\n Ph.D. Program (5-Year Doctoral Program)\n Policy Analysis Program\n\n Ph.D./ Doctoral Programs (3-Year Doctoral Programs)\n Public Policy (Doctor of Public Policy)\n Security and International Studies (PhD/Doctor of International Relations)\n Disaster Management\n Science, Technology and Innovation Policy\n State Building and Economic Development\n Japanese Language and Culture\n\nNotable academics\nFumio Hayashi: Professor of Economics\n\nHiroko \u014cta: Professor of Economics. Former Japanese cabinet minister of economic policy.\n\nTakatoshi Ito: Professor of Economics\n\nAkihiko Tanaka: President. President of Japan International Cooperation Agency\n\nKeijiro Otsuka: Emeritus Faculty \n\nShinichi Kitaoka: Adjunct Professor. Former President of Japan International Cooperation Agency\n\nReferences \n\nEducational institutions established in 1997\nJapanese national universities\nNational Graduate Institute for Policy Studies\nPublic administration schools\n1997 establishments in Japan", "meta": {"title": "National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Graduate%20Institute%20for%20Policy%20Studies", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Alfred Chicken\u00a0\u2014 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f Twilight \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f Mindscape \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1993 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f Game Boy, Amiga, Amiga CD32 \u0438 Nintendo Entertainment System.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b\u00a0\u2014 Super Alfred Chicken \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f Super NES \u0432 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435 1994 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0438\u0433\u0440 Game Boy \u0438 NES). \u0412 2000 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\u043f\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043d\u044b.\n\n\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0410\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a \u0431\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0443.\n\n\u041e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Amiga 1200\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f CD32\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Game Boy\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f NES\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b 1993 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b, \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 Mindscape", "meta": {"title": "Alfred Chicken", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Chicken", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La province de Ta\u00efwan () est une province de la r\u00e9publique de Chine. Depuis le , elle ne pr\u00e9sente plus aucune fonction administrative.\n\nHistoire\n\nSous la dynastie Qing \n\nEn 1683, Zheng Keshuang, troisi\u00e8me dirigeant du Royaume de Tungning et petit-fils de Koxinga, se rend aux Qing, suivant une bataille navale avec l'amiral Shi Lang. La dynastie Qing gouverne depuis l'archipel ta\u00efwanais (incluant Penghu) en tant que , au sein de la province du Fujian. En 1875, la  est s\u00e9par\u00e9e de la pr\u00e9fecture de Ta\u00efwan.\n\nEmpire du Japon\n\nR\u00e9publique de Chine \nL'assembl\u00e9e provinciale de Ta\u00efwan est form\u00e9e le , en tant que . En , le  est mis en place en tant que plus haute entit\u00e9 administrative de la province. Le , l'assembl\u00e9e est r\u00e9organis\u00e9e et adopte le nom de . L'assembl\u00e9e, originellement localis\u00e9e \u00e0 Taipei, d\u00e9m\u00e9nage \u00e0 Wufeng dans le comt\u00e9 de Taichung, \u00e0 la m\u00eame date o\u00f9 le gouvernement d\u00e9m\u00e9nage au  dans le comt\u00e9 de Nantou.\n\nDans la fin des ann\u00e9es 1990, le d\u00e9coupage administratif du pays est remani\u00e9 et voit le pouvoir administratif attribu\u00e9 aux provinces, subdivision de premier ordre, simplifi\u00e9 (d'apr\u00e8s le terme officiel ) : elles sont directement plac\u00e9es sous le contr\u00f4le du Yuan ex\u00e9cutif. La loi est ainsi promulgu\u00e9e le , puis appliqu\u00e9e le . Cette modification s'applique principalement \u00e0 la province de Ta\u00efwan, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que l'autonomie de la province du Fujian, seconde province du pays, a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9e au gouvernement central en 1956.\n\nLes derni\u00e8res responsabilit\u00e9s administratives de la province sont transf\u00e9r\u00e9es \u00e0 partir du  et les budgets r\u00e9duits \u00e0 n\u00e9ant, d'apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9solution du Yuan ex\u00e9cutif du .\n\nG\u00e9ographie \nSon territoire, d'une superficie de  km\u00b2, couvre environ les trois quarts de la superficie de l'\u00eele de Ta\u00efwan, ainsi que les iles et archipel environnant (l'\u00eele Verte, l'\u00eele des Orchid\u00e9es, les \u00eeles Pescadores), mais ne compte pas les cinq municipalit\u00e9s sp\u00e9ciales de Kaohsiung, New Taipei, Taichung, Tainan et Taipei.\n\nElle compte  habitants (), soit une densit\u00e9 de . Elle est presque exclusivement peupl\u00e9e \u00e0 97,5 % de chinois Han, tandis que les Aborig\u00e8nes repr\u00e9sente 2,5 % de la population de l'\u00eele.\n\nLa capitale de la province de Ta\u00efwan qui compte 11 comt\u00e9s est la localit\u00e9 de Jhongsing.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n  Site officiel du gouvernement de la province de Ta\u00efwan\n\nTaiwan", "meta": {"title": "Province de Ta\u00efwan", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Province%20de%20Ta%C3%AFwan", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0422\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0438\u0437 2002. \u0431\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0458\u0435 730 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0438\u0437 1991. \u0431\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0458\u0435 788 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430).\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430 \n\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0459\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0438 516 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438 33,7 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 (32,6 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0430 \u0438 34,9 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430). \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0438\u043c\u0430 188 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u045b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0458 \u0447\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u045b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0458\u0435 3,88.\n\n\u041e\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0421\u0440\u0431\u0438\u043c\u0430 (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0438\u0437 2002. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435).\n\n\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \u041c\u0430\u043f\u0435, \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 (-{Fallingrain}-)\n \u0413\u0443\u0433\u043b \u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043f\u0430 (-{Maplandia}-)\n \u041f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043f\u0438 (-{Mapquest}-)\n\n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0459\u0435\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0443 \u0422\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0421\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0458\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0459\u0435", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%99%D0%B5", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fran\u00e7ois Bertemes (* 24. Januar 1958) ist ein deutsch-luxemburgischer Pr\u00e4historiker.\n\nLeben \nBertemes ist der Sohn des luxemburgischen Malers Roger Bertemes und der Bruder des Journalisten, Kurators und \u00dcbersetzers Paul Bertemes. Im Jahre 1978 begann er das Studium der Geschichte, Klassischen Philologie und Physikalischen Geographie an den Cours Universitaires in Luxemburg. Im Jahre 1979 setzte er das Studium der Vor- und Fr\u00fchgeschichte, Vorderasiatischen Arch\u00e4ologie und Geologie an der Universit\u00e4t des Saarlandes in Saarbr\u00fccken fort.\n\nIm Jahre 1985 promovierte er bei Rolf Hachmann mit einer kulturgeschichtlichen und pal\u00e4ometallurgischen Studie zum fr\u00fchbronzezeitlichen Gr\u00e4berfeld von Gemeinlebarn in \u00d6sterreich und war seitdem wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Institut f\u00fcr Vor- und Fr\u00fchgeschichte der Universit\u00e4t des Saarlandes. In dieser Zeit nahm er an gemeinsamen Forschungsprojekten mit der Karls-Universit\u00e4t Prag und der Universit\u00e4t Sofia sowie den Akademien in Prag, Br\u00fcnn und Sofia teil. Im Jahre 1997 habilitierte er sich und erhielt in Saarbr\u00fccken die Venia legendi.\n\nNach einer Vertretungsprofessur im Jahre 1998 ist er seit 1999 Professor f\u00fcr Pr\u00e4historische Arch\u00e4ologie an der Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg in Halle (Saale). Bis zum Jahr 2006 war er gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrender Direktor des Institutes f\u00fcr Pr\u00e4historische Arch\u00e4ologie, das in jenem Jahr mit den Instituten f\u00fcr Klassische Arch\u00e4ologie und Kunstgeschichte zum \u201eInstitut f\u00fcr Kunstgeschichte und Arch\u00e4ologien Europas\u201c zusammengelegt wurde.\n\nBertemes ist seit dem Jahr 2000 Mitglied der R\u00f6misch-Germanischen Kommission und seit 2001 Mitherausgeber der Pr\u00e4historischen Zeitschrift.\n\nEr f\u00fchrte die Ausgrabungen der Kreisgrabenanlage von Goseck in Sachsen-Anhalt durch. Seit dem Jahr 2005 leitet er die arch\u00e4ologischen Untersuchungen auf der kleinen, n\u00f6rdlich des antiken Hafens von Didyma an der s\u00fcdlichen Westk\u00fcste Kleinasiens gelegenen Insel Tav\u015fan Adas\u0131. Die Untersuchungen haben das Ziel, die Entstehung und Entwicklung erster st\u00e4dtischer Zentren in der ost\u00e4g\u00e4ischen Fr\u00fch- und Mittelbronzezeit zu beleuchten.\n\nSchriften (Auswahl) \nAufs\u00e4tze\n Sonne \u00fcber Sachsen-Anhalt. In: Antike Welt. Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Arch\u00e4ologie und Kulturgeschichte. Jg. 34, 2003, , S. 543.\n mit Peter F. Biehl, Andreas Northe und Olaf Schr\u00f6der: Die neolithische Kreisgrabenanlage von Goseck, Landkreis Wei\u00dfenfels. In: Arch\u00e4ologie in Sachsen-Anhalt. N.F. Bd. 2, 2004, , S. 137\u2013145.\n mit Peter F. Biehl: Goseck. Arch\u00e4ologie geht online. In: Arch\u00e4ologie in Deutschland (AiD). Heft 6, 2005, , S. 36\u201338.\n Der Forscher Jan Lichardus. In: Valeska Becker, Matthias Thomas, Andrea Wolf-Schuler (Hrsg.): Zeiten, Kulturen, Systeme. Gedenkschrift f\u00fcr Jan Lichardus (= Schriften des Zentrums f\u00fcr Arch\u00e4ologie und Kulturgeschichte des Schwarzmeerraumes. 17). Beier & Beran, Langenwei\u00dfbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-941171-34-3, S. 1\u20138.\n\nMonographien\n Das fr\u00fchbronzezeitliche Gr\u00e4berfeld von Gemeinlebarn. Kulturgeschichtliche und Pal\u00e4ometallurgische Studien (= Saarbr\u00fccker Beitr\u00e4ge zur Altertumskunde. 45). Habelt, Bonn 1989, ISBN 3-7749-2371-X (Zugleich: Saarbr\u00fccken, Universit\u00e4t, Dissertation, 1984).\n Beitr\u00e4ge in: Saar-Pfalz-Kreis (= F\u00fchrer zu arch\u00e4ologischen Denkm\u00e4lern in Deutschland. 18). Theiss, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-8062-0577-9.\n\nWeblinks \n Portr\u00e4t auf der Website des Pr\u00e4historischen Instituts der Universit\u00e4t Halle\n Portr\u00e4t auf der Webseite des Fachbereichs Arch\u00e4ologie der Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg\n Portr\u00e4t auf der Website des Grabungsprojektes von Tav\u015fan Adas\u0131\n \n\nPr\u00e4historiker\nHochschullehrer (Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg)\nMitglied des Deutschen Arch\u00e4ologischen Instituts\nMitglied der R\u00f6misch-Germanischen Kommission\nAbsolvent der Universit\u00e4t des Saarlandes\nDeutscher\nLuxemburger\nGeboren 1958\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Fran\u00e7ois Bertemes", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Bertemes", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sonbolabad (, also Romanized as Sonbol\u0101b\u0101d and Sanbalabad) is a village in Sonbolabad Rural District, Soltaniyeh District, Abhar County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 772, in 191 families.\n\nReferences \n\nPopulated places in Abhar County", "meta": {"title": "Sonbolabad, Zanjan", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonbolabad%2C%20Zanjan", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sprinterm\u00e4staren (literally: \"The Sprint Champion\") is an annual international Group One harness event for trotters. It is held at Halmstad Racetrack in Halmstad, Sweden, and is a stakes race for 4-year-olds. The purse in the 2011 final was \u2248US$288,000 (\u20ac200,000), of which the winner Orecchietti won half. The event is sometimes referred to as \"Sweden's Hambletonian\".\n\nRacing conditions\nFrom the beginning, Sprinterm\u00e4staren was open only for Swedish four-year-old trotters. In 2002, the conditions were changed and the event has since then been open for foreign four-year-olds as well. The distance, one mile, has been the same since the beginning of the event in 1971. The final of the event is preceded by a number of elimination races, taking place the same day. Since 1995, the number of elimination heats has been three per year.\n\nPast winners\n\nDrivers with most wins\n 5 - Stig H. Johansson\n 5 - \u00d6rjan Kihlstr\u00f6m\n 2 - Erik Adielsson\n 2 - Stefan Melander\n 2 - Robert Bergh\n 2 - Johnny Takter\n\nTrainers with most wins\n 6 - Stig H. Johansson\n 4 - Stefan Melander\n 3 - Stefan Hultman \n 3 - Robert Bergh\n 2 - S\u00f6ren Nordin\n\nSires with at least two winning offsprings\n 3 - Andover Hall (Brad de Veluwe, Nuncio, Perfect Spirit)\n 2 - Count's Pride (Alex Pride, Gaston Pride)\n 2 - Speedy Somolli (Mr Lavec, Regent Broline)\n 2 - Super Arnie (Beijing Boy, Dust All Over)\n 2 - Super Bowl (Active Bowler, Ultimo H.)\n 2 - Tibur (Callit, Drottning Sund)\n\nWinning stallions that have also sired winners\n Mr Lavec (1995), sire of First Lavec (2001)\n\nWinner with lowest odds\n Winning odds: 1.24 - Charme Asserdal (1977)\n\nWinner with highest odds\n Winning odds: 42.55 - Beijing Boy (1999)\n\nFastest winner (finals only)\n 1:09.3 (km rate) - Uncle Lasse (2016)\n\nAll winners of Sprinterm\u00e4staren\n\nSee also\n List of Scandinavian harness horse races\n\nReferences\n\nHarness races in Sweden", "meta": {"title": "Sprinterm\u00e4staren", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprinterm%C3%A4staren", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vojna uprava u Srbiji (nje. Milit\u00e4rverwaltung in Serbien) odnosno Podru\u010dje Vojnog zapovjednika u Srbiji (njem. Gebiet des Milit\u00e4rbefehlshabers in Serbien) je naziv koji je nosila vojna uprava njema\u010dkog Tre\u0107eg Reicha na teritoriju osovinske Srbije. Nakon osovinskog napada na Kraljevinu Jugoslaviju, okupacije i komadanja Kraljevine Jugoslavije, Srbija u novom poretku biva svedena u nove zemljopisne okvire i pod vojnom upravom njema\u010dkih vojnih snaga, Wehrmachta. Pod njegovim su nadzorom djelovale dvije srbijanske vlade. Zaposjednuta Srbija koja je bila pod njema\u010dkom upravom bila je dana\u0161nja sredi\u0161nja Srbija, dio sjevernog Kosova oko Kosovske Mitrovice i podru\u010dje Banata koje je imalo svoju posebnu upravu. \nU novoj razdiobi teritorija Srbija je stavljena pod njema\u010dku okupaciju i vojnu upravu.\n\nNjema\u010dka je smatrala da je nakon svih prekrajanja Jugoslavija likvidirana kao dr\u017eava i da su umjesto nje u dr\u017eavnopravnom smislu formirane tri nove dr\u017eave, Hrvatska, Srbija i Crna Gora, premda potonja nije smatrana posebnom dr\u017eavom, nego protektoratom u sastavu Italije. Prema navodu objavljenom u listu \"Slu\u017ebene novine\" od 15. rujna 1942. godine, \"na dan 22. srpnja 1942. potpisan je u Berlinu Sporazum o imovinsko-pravnom razdvajanju biv\u0161e jugoslavenske dr\u017eave\u201c. Prema ovom sporazumu, \"sva dr\u017eavna imovina biv\u0161e Kraljevine Jugoslavije i njenih banovina, koja se na dan 15. travnja 1941. nalazila na podru\u010dju koje je kona\u010dno pripalo jednoj od dr\u017eava-stjecateljica, postala je od toga dana vlasni\u0161tvo ove dr\u017eave-stjecateljice. Dr\u017eave-stjecateljice u smislu ovog Sporazuma su: Njema\u010dki Tre\u0107i Reich, Italija (uklju\u010divo Albanija i Crna Gora), Ma\u0111arska, Bugarska, Hrvatska i Srbija.\"\nSaveznici nisu priznali ovakvu dr\u017eavno-pravnu promjenu, nego su smatrali da Jugoslavija dr\u017eavno-pravno i dalje postoji te su priznavali autoritet jugoslavenske vlade u izbjegli\u0161tvu.\n\nUspostavljanje vojne uprave \n\nJo\u0161 prije kapitulacije Jugoslavije, Vrhovno zapovjedni\u0161tvo Kopnene vojske izdalo je proglas stanovni\u0161tvu pod njema\u010dkom okupacijom, obja\u0161njavaju\u0107i zakone koji \u0107e se primijeniti na cijeloj teritoriji koju su okupirali Nijemci. Kad su se Nijemci povuli iz krajeva koje su pripojili njema\u010dki saveznici, ti su se zakoni primijenili samo u dijelovima dana\u0161nje Slovenije koje je pripojila Njema\u010dka, kao i u Srbiji. Za razliku od dijelova Slovenije, Srbiju Njema\u010dka nije pripojila, nego vojno zaposjela i stavila pod svoju vojnu upravu, \"potpuno su je okupirale njema\u010dke snage i stavile pod vojnu vlast\". U Srbiji su na snazi ostali i doma\u0107i zakoni, po kojima su djelovale srpske namjesni\u010dke upravne i sudske vlasti. Granice okupirane Srbije odredio je Adolf Hitler u direktivi od 12. travnja 1941., koji je zapovijedio uvo\u0111enje vojne uprave. Za ovom direktivom uslijedila je ona koju je izdao na\u010delnik Vrhovnog zapovjedni\u0161tva njema\u010dke vojske, kojom je vojni zapovjednik Srbije stavljen na \u010delo okupacijskog re\u017eima, odgovoran Vrhovnom zapovjedni\u0161tvu Kopnene vojske. U me\u0111uvremenu osoblje za vojnu upravu je skupljeno u Njema\u010dkoj i du\u017enosti vojnog zapovjednika Srbije su razra\u0111ivane. To je uklju\u010divalo za\u0161titu \u017eeljezni\u010dke pruge Beograd \u2013 Solun i plovnog puta Dunavom, izvr\u0161avanje ekonomskih zapovijedi koje izda G\u00f6ring te uspostava i odr\u017eavanje reda i mira. Malo zatim postao je odgovornim za \u010duvati brojne jugoslavenske zarobljenike i osiguranje zarobljenog oru\u017eja i streljiva.\n\nDa bi se to postiglo, osoblje vojnog zapovjednika podijeljeno je po vojnim i upravnim ograncima, a stvoren je i jedan policijski kontigent. Dodijeljeno je i osoblje i osoblje za osnivanje \u010detiri oblasna zapovjedni\u0161tva i deset okru\u017enih zapovjedni\u0161tava, koje je odgovaralo \u0161efu administrativnog osoblja, a vojnom osoblju dodijeljene su snage ja\u010dine od \u010detiri mjesne obrambena bataljuna \u0161irom oblasnih zapovjedni\u0161tava. Prvi vojni zapovjednik Srbije bio je general Luftwaffea Helmuth F\u00f6rster, koji je na tu du\u017enost stupio 20. travnja 1941. godine. Pomo\u0107nik mu je bio \u010delnik vojne uprave u Srbiji, dkotor Harald Turner. Pored vojnog zapovjednog osoblja, u Beogradu je bilo jo\u0161 nekoliko va\u017enih osoba koje su predstavljale klju\u010dne nevojne snage njema\u010dke vlasti. Me\u0111u istaknutijim bio je Obergruppenf\u00fchrer-NSAK, Franz Neuhausen, kojega je 17. travnja na po\u010detku imenovao G\u00f6ring na du\u017enost opunomo\u0107enika za gospodarstvene poslove na okupiranom podru\u010dju.\nDrugi je bio Felix Benzler, izaslanik ministarstva vanjskih poslova, kojega je postavio Reichminister Joachim von Ribbentrop 3. svibnja.  Jo\u0161 jedna klju\u010dna figura u prvoj njema\u010dkoj upravi bio je SS-Standerf\u00fchrer Wilhelm Fuchs, koji je zapovijedao Zada\u0107nom skupinom Srbije, koja se sastojala od Sicherheitsdiensta (sigurnosne slu\u017ebe), Sicherheitspolizeija (sigurnosne policije), 64. pri\u010duvnog policijskog bataljuna  i Gestapovih odreda. Premda je formalno bio odgovoran Turneru, Fuchs je podnosio izvje\u0161\u0107a neposredno svojim nadre\u0111enima u Berlinu. Proglasom \u0161efa Vrhovnog zapovjedni\u0161tva njema\u010dke vojske izdanom u travnju zapovije\u0111ene su stroge kazne za djela nasilja i sabota\u017ee, zapovije\u0111ena je predaja sveg oru\u017eja i radijskih prijamnika, zapovije\u0111ena su ograni\u010denja u komunikaciji, na sastancima i prosvjedima, prihva\u0107anje njema\u010dke valute, kao i uvo\u0111enje njema\u010dkog kaznenog zakona na okupiranom podru\u010dju.\n\nIzvori\n\nLiteratura \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\nSrbija u Drugom svjetskom ratu\nNjema\u010dka u Drugom svjetskom ratu\nTeritoriji pod okupacijom u Drugom svjetskom ratu", "meta": {"title": "Vojna uprava u Srbiji (1941. \u2013 1944.)", "url": "https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojna%20uprava%20u%20Srbiji%20%281941.%20%E2%80%93%201944.%29", "language": "hr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0412\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438.\n\n\u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0422\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0432 \u0422\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442.\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0433\u0438 \u2014 25 \u043a\u043c, \u0434\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e \u2014 5 \u043a\u043c. \u0411\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b \u2014 \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f, \u0429\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0445\u0430, \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u044f, \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430, \u041b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f.\n\n\u041f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 2002 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u2014 81 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a (44 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b, 37 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d). \u0412\u0441\u0451 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u2014 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n  \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0412\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043a\u0430 (\u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%28%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanently move to a country). A migrant emigrates from their old country, and immigrates to their new country. Thus, both emigration and immigration describe migration, but from different countries' perspectives. \n\nDemographers examine push and pull factors for people to be pushed out of one place and attracted to another. There can be a desire to escape negative circumstances such as shortages of land or jobs, or unfair treatment. People can be pulled to the opportunities available elsewhere. Fleeing from oppressive conditions, being a refugee and seeking asylum to get refugee status in a foreign country, may lead to permanent emigration.\n\nForced displacement refers to groups that are forced to abandon their native country, such as by enforced population transfer or the threat of ethnic cleansing. Refugees and asylum seekers in this sense are the most marginalized extreme cases of migration, facing multiple hurdles in their journey and efforts to integrate into the new settings. Scholars in this sense have called for cross-sector engagement from businesses, non-governmental organizations, educational institutions, and other stakeholders within the receiving communities.\n\nHistory \n\nPatterns of emigration have been shaped by numerous economic, social, and political changes throughout the world in the last few hundred years. For instance, millions of individuals fled poverty, violence, and political turmoil in Europe to settle in the Americas and Oceania during the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. Likewise, millions left South China in the Chinese diaspora during the 19th and early 20th centuries.\n\n\"Push\" and \"pull\" factors\n\nDemographers distinguish factors at the origin that push people out, versus those at the destination that pull them in.  Motives to migrate can be either incentives attracting people away, known as pull factors, or circumstances encouraging a person to leave. Diversity of push and pull factors inform management scholarship in their efforts to understand migrant movement.\n\nPush factors \n Poor living conditions or overcrowding\n Lack of employment or entrepreneurial opportunities\n Lack of educational opportunities\n Threat of arrest or punishment\n Persecution or intolerance based on race, religion, gender or sexual orientation\n Political corruption, lack of government transparency or freedom of speech\n Inability to find a spouse for marriage\n Lack of freedom to choose religion, or to choose no religion\n Resource depletion, scarcity or austerity\n Military draft, warfare or terrorism\n Expulsion by armed force or coercion\n Recession or economic collapse\n Famine or drought\n Cultural fights with other cultural groups\n\nPull factors \nHigher quality of life, economic growth or lower cost of living\nEncouragement to join relatives or fellow countrymen; chain migration\nQuick wealth (as in a gold rush)\nMore job opportunities or promise of higher pay\nProsperity or economic surplus\nEducational opportunity (including university for adults or K-12 for children)\nPrepaid travel (as from relatives)\nBuilding a new nation (historically)\nBuilding specific cultural or religious communities\nPolitical freedom\nCultural opportunities\nGreater opportunity to find a spouse\nFavorable climate \nEase of crossing boundaries\nReduced tariff\n\nCriticism \nSome scholars criticize the \"push-pull\" approach to understanding international migration. Regarding lists of positive or negative factors about a place, Jose C. Moya writes \"one could easily compile similar lists for periods and places where no migration took place.\"\n\nEmigration waves by country\n\nJews escaping from German-occupied Europe\nYerida (Jewish emigration from Israel)\nSwedish emigration to the United States\n\nStatistics \nUnlike immigration, in many countries few if any records have been recorded or maintained in regard to persons leaving a country either on a temporary or permanent basis. Therefore, estimates on emigration must be derived from secondary sources such as immigration records of the receiving country or records from other administrative agencies.\n\nThe rate of emigration has continued to grow, reaching 280 million in 2017.\n\nIn Armenia, for example, the migration is calculated by counting people arriving or leaving the country via airplane, train, railway or other means of transportation. Here, the emigration index is high: 1.5% of population leaves the country annually. In fact, it is one of the countries, where emigration has become a part of culture since 20th century. For example, between 1990 and 2005 approximately 700,000-1,300,000 Armenians left the country. The highly rising numbers of emigration are a direct response to socio-political and economic areas of the country. The internal migration (migration in country) is big (28.7%), while international migration is 71.3% of the total migration by people aging 15 and above. It is important to understand the reasons for both types of migration and the availability of the options. For example, in Armenia, everything is localized in the capital city Yerevan, thus, internal migration is from the villages and small cities to the biggest city of the country. The reason for the migration can be work or study. International migration follows the same reasoning of migration: work or study. The main destinations for it are Russia, France and US.\n\nEmigration restrictions \n\nSome countries restrict the ability of their citizens to emigrate to other countries. After 1668, the Qing Emperor banned Han Chinese migration to Manchuria. In 1681, the emperor ordered construction of the Willow Palisade, a barrier beyond which the Chinese were prohibited from encroaching on Manchu and Mongol lands.\n\nThe Soviet Socialist Republics of the later Soviet Union began such restrictions in 1918, with laws and borders tightening until even illegal emigration was nearly impossible by 1928. To strengthen this, they set up internal passport controls and individual city Propiska (\"place of residence\") permits, along with internal freedom of movement restrictions often called the 101st kilometre, rules which greatly restricted mobility within even small areas.\n\nAt the end of World War II in 1945, the Soviet Union occupied several Central European countries, together called the Eastern Bloc, with the majority of those living in the newly acquired areas aspiring to independence and wanted the Soviets to leave. Before 1950, over 15 million people emigrated from the Soviet-occupied eastern European countries and immigrated into the west in the five years immediately following World War II. By the early 1950s, the Soviet approach to controlling national movement was emulated by most of the rest of the Eastern Bloc. Restrictions implemented in the Eastern Bloc stopped most east\u2013west migration, with only 13.3 million migrations westward between 1950 and 1990. However, hundreds of thousands of East Germans annually immigrated to West Germany through a \"loophole\" in the system that existed between East and West Berlin, where the four occupying World War II powers governed movement. The emigration resulted in massive \"brain drain\" from East Germany to West Germany of younger educated professionals, such that nearly 20% of East Germany's population had migrated to West Germany by 1961. In 1961, East Germany erected a barbed-wire barrier that would eventually be expanded through construction into the Berlin Wall, effectively closing the loophole. In 1989, the Berlin Wall fell, followed by German reunification and within two years the dissolution of the Soviet Union.\n\nBy the early 1950s, the Soviet approach to controlling international movement was also emulated by China, Mongolia, and North Korea. North Korea still tightly restricts emigration, and maintains one of the strictest emigration bans in the world, although some North Koreans still manage to illegally emigrate to China. Other countries with tight emigration restrictions at one time or another included Angola, Egypt, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Somalia, Afghanistan, Burma, Democratic Kampuchea (Cambodia from 1975 to 1979), Laos, North Vietnam, Iraq, South Yemen and Cuba.\n\nSee also \n\nCanvas ceiling\nDeportation\nDiaspora\nEastern Bloc emigration and defection\n\u00c9migr\u00e9\nExile\nExpatriate\nFeminization of migration\nImmigration\nFoot voting\nHuman capital flight\nHuman migration\nSettlement\nInternational Organization for Migration\nMigration Letters\nPolitical asylum\nPolitical migration\nPopulation transfer\nRefugee\n\nSeparation barrier\nSnowbird (people)\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nLabour market efficiency and emigration in Slovakia and EU neighbouring countries,\n\nExternal links \n\n \n Translation from Galician to English of 4 Classic Emigration Ballads\n\n \nHuman migration\nPopulation", "meta": {"title": "Emigration", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emigration", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Schloss Elmau \u00e4r ett lyxhotell i Bayern i Tyskland. Byggnaden uppf\u00f6rdes av Johannes M\u00fcller och Carl Sattler mellan 1914 och 1916.\n\nG7-toppm\u00f6ten \nSchloss Elmau var plats f\u00f6r G7-gruppens \u00e5rliga m\u00f6te 2015 och 2022.\n\nReferenser\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\nHotell i Tyskland\nByggnader i Bayern\nArkitektur\u00e5ret 1916\n1916 i Tyskland", "meta": {"title": "Schloss Elmau", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schloss%20Elmau", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ernst Freiherr von Bibra (* 9. Juni 1806 auf Schloss Schwebheim; \u2020 5. Juni 1878 in N\u00fcrnberg) war ein deutscher Naturforscher und Schriftsteller.\n\nLeben \nErnst von Bibra studierte in W\u00fcrzburg zun\u00e4chst Rechtswissenschaften und schloss sich dem Corps Franconia an. Sp\u00e4ter sattelte er zu den Naturwissenschaften um und wandte sich besonders der Chemie zu. Im Jahr 1844 wurde er zum Mitglied der Gelehrtenakademie Leopoldina gew\u00e4hlt.\n\nIm Jahr 1849 reiste er nach Brasilien und um das Kap Hoorn nach Chile, das er in allen Richtungen durchwanderte. Einen Bericht \u00fcber diese Reise gab er in seinen Reisen in S\u00fcdamerika. Im Jahr 1853 ver\u00f6ffentlichte von Bibra die Beitr\u00e4ge zur Naturgeschichte von Chile. Diese beinhalteten die wissenschaftlichen Aufzeichnungen seiner Reise von Santiago nach Valparaiso mit meteorologischen, botanischen, zoologischen und ethnographischen Details. Nach seiner R\u00fcckkehr lebte er meist in N\u00fcrnberg, wo er auch seine reichen naturhistorischen und ethnografischen Sammlungen ausstellte. Mit novellistisch gehaltenen Reiseskizzen und kulturhistorischen Schilderungen beginnend, besch\u00e4ftigte sich von Bibra in den letzten Jahren vorzugsweise mit belletristischen Arbeiten. 1862 wurde er zum korrespondierenden Mitglied der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften gew\u00e4hlt.\n\nHeute ist von Bibra vor allem f\u00fcr sein Buch Die narkotischen Genussmittel und der Mensch bekannt. Unter anderem experimentierte er an Tieren mit Salz\u00e4ther, bevor Johann Ferdinand Heyfelder diese Schwefelverbindung ab M\u00e4rz 1847 als Narkosemittel bei Menschen anwandte. Mit Emil Harless vermutete er 1847, dass \u00c4ther Fettbestandteile im Zentralnervensystem teilweise aufl\u00f6st und diese dann in der Leber abgelagert werden. Ernst von Bibra gilt als Wegbereiter der Ethnopsychopharmakologie und gibt einen f\u00fcr seine Zeit einzigartig umfassenden \u00dcberblick \u00fcber verschiedene Rausch- und Genussdrogen in aller Welt.\n\nSchriften \n LXXVI. Analyse des Basaltes von Gro\u00dfwallstadt bei Aschaffenburg.- Journal f\u00fcr praktische Chemie 14. Band Jahrgang 1838 2. Band, S. 413\u2013418, ohne Abb., Tab., Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth Leipzig, 1838\n LXXVII. Analyse des bunten Sandsteins von Gro\u00dfwallstadt.- Journal f\u00fcr praktische Chemie 14. Band Jahrgang 1838 2. Band, S. 419\u2013420, ohne Abb., Tab., Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth Leipzig, 1838\n Chemische Untersuchungen verschiedener Eiterarten: und einiger anderer krankhafter Substanzen. Berlin, Albert F\u00f6rstner 1842 (c. 2003 Elibron Classics)\n Chemische Untersuchungen \u00fcber die Knochen und Z\u00e4hne des Menschen und der Wirbeltiere. Schweinfurt, 1844 (2003 Elibron Classics)\n H\u00fclfstabellen zur Erkennung zoochemischer Substanzen. Ferdinand Enke, Erlangen, Druck von E. Th. Jacob 1846.\n Untersuchungen \u00fcber die Krankheiten der Arbeiter in den Phosphorz\u00fcndholzfabriken. Erlangen 1847.\n mit Emil Harless: Die Ergebnisse der Versuche \u00fcber die Wirkung des Schwefel\u00e4thers. Erlangen 1847.\n mit Emil Harless: Die Wirkung des Schwefel\u00e4thers in chemischer und physiologischer Beziehung. Erlangen 1847.\n Chemische Fragmente \u00fcber die Leber und die Galle. Braunschweig 1849, Digitalisat\n Untersuchung von Seewasser des Stillen Meeres und des Atlantischen Ozeans (Liebig-Woehlers), Annalen der Chemie und Pharmazie, Band 77 (1851)\n Die Algodon-Bay in Bolivien. K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1852 (75\u2013116 p. plates. 37 cm. Series: Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. Denkschriften, Bd. 4, 2. Abh.)\n Beitr\u00e4ge zur Naturgeschichte von Chile, Wiener Denkschriften, Mathem.-Naturw. Klasse, 1853, II\n Reisen in S\u00fcdamerika. 2 B\u00e4nde, Mannheim 1854\n Vergleichende Untersuchungen \u00fcber das Gehirn des Menschen und der Wirbeltiere. Verlag von Basserman & Mathy, Mannheim 1854\n Die Narkotischen Genussmittel und der Mensch. N\u00fcrnberg, Verlag von Wilhelm Schmid, 1855, Digitalisat /Leipzig, Wiesbaden 1983 / English Plant Intoxicants: A Classic Text on the Use of Mind-Altering Plants ISBN 0-89281-498-5 Healing Arts Press, Rochester, Vermont 1995\n Der Kaffee und seine Surrogate. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in M\u00fcnchen 1858\n Die Getreidearten und das Brot. N\u00fcrnberg 1860, 1861, Digitalisat\n Erinnerungen aus S\u00fcdamerika. 3 B\u00e4nde, Leipzig 1861 (2007, ISBN 978-3-86503-045-0)\n Die Schmuggler von Valparaiso. Aus den S\u00fcdamerikanischen Erinnerungen des Ernst, Freiherrn v. Bibra. S. 2\u201320 No. 79 Deutsche Jugendhefte, Druck und Verlag der Buchhandlung Ludwig Auer P\u00e4dagogische Stiftung Cassianeum in Donauw\u00f6rth, c. 1920\n Die Schmugglerh\u00f6hle. Aus den S\u00fcdamerikanischen Erinnerungen des Ernst, Freiherrn v. Bibra. S. 20\u201326 No. 79 Deutsche Jugendhefte, Druck und Verlag der Buchhandlung Ludwig Auer P\u00e4dagogische Stiftung Cassianeum in Donauw\u00f6rth, c. 1920\n Aus Chile, Peru und Brasilien. 3 B\u00e4nde, Leipzig 1862\n Die Bronzen und Kupferlegierungen der alten und \u00e4ltesten V\u00f6lker, mit R\u00fccksichtnahme auf jene der Neuzeit. Verlag von Ferdinand Enke, Erlangen 1869.\n \u00dcber einen merkw\u00fcrdigen Blitzschlag, Gaea, Bd. 5, 1869.\n \u00dcber den Blitz, Gaea, Bd. 6, 1870.\n \u00dcber alte Eisen- und Silberfunde. N\u00fcrnberg, Richter & Kappler 1873 (2003 Elibron Classics)\n \u00dcber die Gewinnung des Silbers aus Cyansilberl\u00f6sungen, und \u00fcber die Reduction von Clorsilber. \u2013 Barth 1876\n\nEinige seiner Werke, die sich besonders durch gelungene Charakterzeichnung und sch\u00f6ne landschaftliche Schilderungen auszeichnen, sind:\n\n Ein Juwel. Leipzig 1863\n  Reiseskizzen und Novellen. Jena; Leipzig: Costenoble, 1864\n  Tzarogy. Jena; Leipzig: Costenoble, 1865 (3 B\u00e4nde)\n Ein edles Frauenherz. 1866, 2nd Ed., Jena 1869 (2003 Elibron Classics, 3 B\u00e4nde)\n Die Schatzgr\u00e4ber. B\u00e4nde Jena: Costenoble, 1867\n Aus jungen und alten Tagen: Erinnerungen. Jena: Costenoble, 1868\n Abenteuer eines jungen Peruaners in Deutschland. Jena 1870\n Die Kinder des Gauners. N\u00fcrnberg 1872\n Hieronimus Scottus: ein Zeitbild aus dem 16. u. 17. Jahrhundert B\u00e4nde. Berlin, 1873\n Wackere Frauen. Jena 1876\n Die neun Stationen des Herrn v. Scherenberg. Jena 1880\n\nSiehe auch \n Bibra (Adelsgeschlecht)\n\nLiteratur \n Rudolf Beissel: Ernst Freiherr von Bibra. Ein Naturforscher mit sch\u00f6ngeistigen Neigungen. In: Augustin, Siegfried \u2013 Mittelstadt, Axel (Hrsg.): Vom Lederstrumpf zum Winnetou. M\u00fcnchen 1981.\n U. v. Hintzenstern, H. Petermann, W. Schwarz: Fr\u00fche Erlanger Beitr\u00e4ge zur Theorie und Praxis der \u00e4ther- und Chloroformnarkose: Die tierexperimentellen Untersuchungen von Ernst von Bibra und Emil Harless. In: Der Anaesthesist Berlin u.\u00a0a. (2001). 869\u2013880.\n R\u00fcdiger Kutz: Zum Leben des Naturforschers Ernst von Bibra I, Franconiae W\u00fcrzburg. In: Frankenzeitung, W\u00fcrzburg, 1999 (118), S. 56\u201360.\n Arthur Schopenhauer, Parerga und Paralipomena II/2, Z\u00fcrcher Ausgabe 1977, Kap. 15. Ueber Religion, \u00a7 177. Ueber das Christenthum, S. 412/413.\nSchwinger, Hans Ein Humboldt aus Franken: Dr. Ernst von Bibra: Sein Leben und Wirken in Zeiten der Unruhe und des Wandels, S. 1\u2013265\n \n Matthias Witzmann: Eigenes und Fremdes. Hispanoamerika in Bestsellern der deutschen Abenteuer- und Reiseliteratur (1850\u20131914). Hut, M\u00fcnchen 2006, ISBN 978-3-89963-321-4 (Dissertation FU Berlin 2005, 368 Seiten, 21 cm, 470 g).\n \n Andreas W. Daum: Wissenschaftspopularisierung im 19. Jahrhundert. B\u00fcrgerliche Kultur, naturwissenschaftliche Bildung und die deutsche \u00d6ffentlichkeit, 1848\u20131914. 2., erg. Aufl., Oldenbourg, M\u00fcnchen 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56551-5, S. 387, 414, 419, 476.\n\nWeblinks \n\n \n Ernst von Bibra, naturalist auf vonbibra.net (in Englisch)\n Rolf Giebelmann: Ernst Freiherr von Bibra (1806\u20131878) \u2013 Chemiker und Toxikologe (PDF-Datei; 59 kB)\n Nachlass Franz Br\u00fcmmer mit Totenschein f\u00fcr Ernst von Bibra\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nNaturforscher\nChemiker (19. Jahrhundert)\nToxikologe\nMitglied der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften\nErnst von Bibra\nMitglied der Leopoldina (19. Jahrhundert)\nTr\u00e4ger des Roten Adlerordens 4. Klasse\nErnst\nSachbuchautor (Chemie)\nLiteratur (19. Jahrhundert)\nLiteratur (Deutsch)\nRoman, Epik\nReiseliteratur\nCorpsstudent (19. Jahrhundert)\nSchriftsteller (N\u00fcrnberg)\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1806\nGestorben 1878\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Ernst von Bibra", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst%20von%20Bibra", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ricanoptera mackenziei \u00e4r en insektsart som beskrevs av William Lucas Distant 1916. Ricanoptera mackenziei ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Ricanoptera och familjen Ricaniidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nHalvvingar\nmackenziei", "meta": {"title": "Ricanoptera mackenziei", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricanoptera%20mackenziei", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Monotheism is the belief that there is only one deity, an all-supreme being that is universally referred to as God. A distinction may be made between exclusive monotheism, in which the one God is a singular existence, and both inclusive and pluriform monotheism, in which multiple gods or godly forms are recognized, but each are postulated as extensions of the same God.\n\nMonotheism is distinguished from henotheism, a religious system in which the believer worships one God without denying that others may worship different gods with equal validity, and monolatrism, the recognition of the existence of many gods but with the consistent worship of only one deity. The term monolatry was perhaps first used by Julius Wellhausen.\n\nMonotheism characterizes the traditions of B\u00e1bism, the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith, Cheondoism, Christianity, Deism, Druzism, Eckankar, Sikhism, some sects of Hinduism (such as Shaivism and Vaishnavism), Islam, Judaism, Mandaeism, Rastafari, Seicho-no-Ie, Tenrikyo, Yazidism, and Atenism. Elements of monotheistic thought are found in early religions such as Zoroastrianism, ancient Chinese religion, and Yahwism.\n\nEtymology\nThe word monotheism comes from the Greek  (monos) meaning \"single\" and  (theos) meaning \"god\". The English term was first used by Henry More (1614\u20131687).\n\nHistory\n\nQuasi-monotheistic claims of the existence of a universal deity date to the Late Bronze Age, with Akhenaten's Great Hymn to the Aten from the 14th century BCE.\n\nIn the Iron-Age South Asian Vedic period, a possible inclination towards monotheism emerged. The Rigveda exhibits notions of monism of the Brahman, particularly in the comparatively late tenth book, which is dated to the early Iron Age, e.g. in the Nasadiya Sukta. Later, ancient Hindu theology was monist, but was not strictly monotheistic in worship because it still maintained the existence of many gods, who were envisioned as aspects of one supreme God, Brahman.\n\nIn China, the orthodox faith system held by most dynasties since at least the Shang Dynasty (1766\u00a0BCE) until the modern period centered on the worship of Shangdi (literally \"Above Sovereign\", generally translated as \"God\") or Heaven as an omnipotent force. However, this faith system was not truly monotheistic since other lesser gods and spirits, which varied with locality, were also worshiped along with Shangdi. Still, later variants such as Mohism (470 BCE\u2013c.391 BCE) approached true monotheism, teaching that the function of lesser gods and ancestral spirits is merely to carry out the will of Shangdi, akin to the angels in Abrahamic religions which in turn counts as only one god.\n\nSince the sixth century BCE, Zoroastrians have believed in the supremacy of one God above all: Ahura Mazda as the \"Maker of All\" and the first being before all others. While this is true, Zoroastrianism is not considered  monotheistic as it has a dualistic cosmology, with a pantheon of lesser \"gods\" or Yazats, such as Mithra, who are worshipped as lesser divinities alongside Ahura Mazda. Along with this, Ahura Mazda is not fully omnipotent engaged in a constant struggle with Angra Mainyu, the force of evil, although good will ultimately overcome evil.\n\nPost-exilic Judaism, after the late 6th century BCE, was the first religion to conceive the notion of a personal monotheistic God within a monist context. The concept of ethical monotheism, which holds that morality stems from God alone and that its laws are unchanging, first occurred in Judaism, but is now a core tenet of most modern monotheistic religions, including Christianity, Islam, Sikhism, and Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith.\n\nAlso from the 6th century BCE, Thales (followed by other Monists, such as Anaximander, Anaximenes, Heraclitus, Parmenides) proposed that nature can be explained by reference to a single unitary principle that pervades everything. Numerous ancient Greek philosophers, including Xenophanes of Colophon and Antisthenes, believed in a similar polytheistic monism that bore some similarities to monotheism. The first known reference to a unitary God is Plato's Demiurge (divine Craftsman), followed by Aristotle's unmoved mover, both of which would profoundly influence Jewish and Christian theology.\n\nAccording to Jewish, Christian and Islamic tradition, monotheism was the original religion of humanity; this original religion is sometimes referred to as \"the Adamic religion\", or, in the terms of Andrew Lang, the \"Urreligion\". Scholars of religion largely abandoned that view in the 19th century in favour of an evolutionary progression from animism via polytheism to monotheism, but by 1974, this theory was less widely held, and a modified view similar to Lang's became more prominent. Austrian anthropologist Wilhelm Schmidt had postulated an Urmonotheismus, \"original\" or \"primitive monotheism\" in the 1910s. It was objected that Judaism, Christianity, and Islam had grown up in opposition to polytheism as had Greek philosophical monotheism. More recently, Karen Armstrong and other authors have returned to the idea of an evolutionary progression beginning with animism, which developed into polytheism, which developed into henotheism, which developed into monolatry, which developed into true monotheism.\n\nAfrica\n\nIndigenous African religion\nThe Tikar people of Cameroon have a traditional spirituality that emphasizes the worship of a single god, Nyuy.\n\nThe Himba people of Namibia practice a form of monotheistic panentheism, and worship the god Mukuru. The deceased ancestors of the Himba and Herero are subservient to him, acting as intermediaries.\n\nThe Igbo people practice a form of monotheism called Odinani. Odinani has monotheistic and panentheistic attributes, having a single God as the source of all things. Although a pantheon of spirits exists, these are lesser spirits prevalent in Odinani expressly serving as elements of Chineke (or Chukwu), the supreme being or high god.\n\nWaaq is the name of a singular God in the traditional religion of many Cushitic people in the Horn of Africa, denoting an early monotheistic religion. However this religion was mostly replaced with the Abrahamic religions. Some (approximately 3%) of Oromo still follow this traditional monotheistic religion called Waaqeffanna in Oromo.\n\nAncient Egypt\n\nAtenism\n\nAmenhotep IV initially introduced Atenism in Year 5 of his reign (1348/1346 BCE) during the 18th dynasty of the New Kingdom. He raised Aten, once a relatively obscure Egyptian solar deity representing the disk of the sun, to the status of Supreme God in the Egyptian pantheon. To emphasise the change, Aten's name was written in the cartouche form normally reserved for Pharaohs, an innovation of Atenism. This religious reformation appears to coincide with the proclamation of a Sed festival, a sort of royal jubilee intended to reinforce the Pharaoh's divine powers of kingship. Traditionally held in the thirtieth year of the Pharaoh's reign, this possibly was a festival in honour of Amenhotep III, who some Egyptologists think had a coregency with his son Amenhotep IV of two to twelve years.\n\nYear 5 is believed to mark the beginning of Amenhotep IV's construction of a new capital, Akhetaten (Horizon of the Aten), at the site known today as Amarna. Evidence of this appears on three of the boundary stelae used to mark the boundaries of this new capital. At this time, Amenhotep IV officially changed his name to Akhenaten (Agreeable to Aten) as evidence of his new worship. The date given for the event has been estimated to fall around January 2 of that year. In Year 7 of his reign (1346/1344 BCE), the capital was moved from Thebes to Akhetaten (near modern Amarna), though construction of the city seems to have continued for two more years. In shifting his court from the traditional ceremonial centres Akhenaten was signalling a dramatic transformation in the focus of religious and political power.\n\nThe move separated the Pharaoh and his court from the influence of the priesthood and from the traditional centres of worship, but his decree had deeper religious significance too\u2014taken in conjunction with his name change, it is possible that the move to Amarna was also meant as a signal of Akhenaten's symbolic death and rebirth. It may also have coincided with the death of his father and the end of the coregency. In addition to constructing a new capital in honor of Aten, Akhenaten also oversaw the construction of some of the most massive temple complexes in ancient Egypt, including one at Karnak and one at Thebes, close to the old temple of Amun.\n\nIn Year 9 (1344/1342 BCE), Akhenaten declared a more radical version of his new religion, declaring Aten not merely the supreme god of the Egyptian pantheon, but the only God of Egypt, with himself as the sole intermediary between the Aten and the Egyptian people. Key features of Atenism included a ban on idols and other images of the Aten, with the exception of a rayed solar disc, in which the rays (commonly depicted ending in hands) appear to represent the unseen spirit of Aten. Akhenaten made it however clear that the image of the Aten only represented the god, but that the god transcended creation and so could not be fully understood or represented. Aten was addressed by Akhenaten in prayers, such as the Great Hymn to the Aten: \"O Sole God beside whom there is none\".\n\nThe details of Atenist theology are still unclear. The exclusion of all but one god and the prohibition of idols was a radical departure from Egyptian tradition, but scholars see Akhenaten as a practitioner of monolatry rather than monotheism, as he did not actively deny the existence of other gods; he simply refrained from worshiping any but Aten. Akhenaten associated Aten with Ra and put forward the eminence of Aten as the renewal of the kingship of Ra.\n\nUnder Akhenaten's successors, Egypt reverted to its traditional religion, and Akhenaten himself came to be reviled as a heretic.\n\nAmericas\n\nNative American religion\nNative American religions may be monotheistic, polytheistic, henotheistic, animistic, or some combination thereof. Cherokee religion, for example, is monotheist as well as pantheist.\n\nThe Great Spirit, called Wakan Tanka among the Sioux, and Gitche Manitou in Algonquian, is a conception of universal spiritual force, or supreme being prevalent among some Native American and First Nation cultures. According to Lakota activist Russell Means a better translation of Wakan Tanka is the Great Mystery.\n\nSome researchers have interpreted Aztec philosophy as fundamentally monotheistic or panentheistic. While the populace at large believed in a polytheistic pantheon, Aztec priests and nobles might have come to an interpretation of Teotl as a single universal force with many facets. There has been criticism to this idea, however, most notably that many assertions of this supposed monotheism might actually come from post-Conquistador bias, imposing an Antiquity pagan model unto the Aztec.\n\nEastern Asia\n\nChinese religion\n\nThe orthodox faith system held by most dynasties of China since at least the Shang Dynasty (1766\u00a0BCE) until the modern period centered on the worship of Shangdi (literally \"Above Sovereign\", generally translated as \"High-god\") or Heaven as a supreme being, standing above other gods. This faith system pre-dated the development of Confucianism and Taoism and the introduction of Buddhism and Christianity. It has some features of monotheism in that Heaven is seen as an omnipotent entity, a noncorporeal force with a personality transcending the world. However, this faith system was not truly monotheistic since other lesser gods and spirits, which varied with locality, were also worshiped along with Shangdi. Still, later variants such as Mohism (470 BCE\u2013c.391 BCE) approached true monotheism, teaching that the function of lesser gods and ancestral spirits is merely to carry out the will of Shangdi. In Mozi's Will of Heaven (\u5929\u5fd7), he writes:\n\nWorship of Shangdi and Heaven in ancient China includes the erection of shrines, the last and greatest being the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, and the offering of prayers. The ruler of China in every Chinese dynasty would perform annual sacrificial rituals to Shangdi, usually by slaughtering a completely healthy bull as sacrifice. Although its popularity gradually diminished after the advent of Taoism and Buddhism, among other religions, its concepts remained in use throughout the pre-modern period and have been incorporated in later religions in China, including terminology used by early Christians in China. Despite the rising of non-theistic and pantheistic spirituality contributed by Taoism and Buddhism, Shangdi was still praised up until the end of the Qing Dynasty as the last ruler of the Qing declared himself son of heaven.\n\nTengrism\n\nTengrism or Tangrism (sometimes stylized as Tengriism), occasionally referred to as Tengrianism, is a modern term for a Central Asian religion characterized by features of shamanism, animism, totemism, both polytheism and monotheism, and ancestor worship. Historically, it was the prevailing religion of the Bulgars, Turks, Mongols, and Hungarians, as well as the Xiongnu and the Huns. It was the state religion of the six ancient Turkic states: Avar Khaganate, Old Great Bulgaria, First Bulgarian Empire, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrks Khaganate, Eastern Tourkia and Western Turkic Khaganate. In Irk Bitig, Tengri is mentioned as T\u00fcr\u00fck T\u00e4ngrisi (God of Turks). The term is perceived among Turkic peoples as a national religion.\n\nIn Chinese and Turco-Mongol traditions, the Supreme God is commonly referred to as the ruler of Heaven, or the Sky Lord granted with omnipotent powers, but it has largely diminished in those regions due to ancestor worship, Taoism's pantheistic views and Buddhism's rejection of a creator God. On some occasions in the mythology, the Sky Lord as identified as a male has been associated to mate with an Earth Mother, while some traditions kept the omnipotence of the Sky Lord unshared.\n\nEurope\n\nAncient proto-Indo-European religion\n\nThe head deity of the Proto-Indo-European religion was the god *Dy\u1e17us P\u1e25at\u1e17r . A number of words derived from the name of this prominent deity are used in various Indo-European languages to denote a monotheistic God. Nonetheless, in spite of this, Proto-Indo-European religion itself was not monotheistic.\n\nIn Eastern Europe, the ancient traditions of the Slavic religion contained elements of monotheism. In the sixth century AD, the Byzantine chronicler Procopius recorded that the Slavs \"acknowledge that one god, creator of lightning, is the only lord of all: to him do they sacrifice an ox and all sacrificial animals.\" The deity to whom Procopius is referring is the storm god Per\u00fan, whose name is derived from *Perkwunos, the Proto-Indo-European god of lightning. The ancient Slavs syncretized him with the Germanic god Thor and the Biblical prophet Elijah.\n\nAncient Greek religion\n\nClassical Greece\n\nThe surviving fragments of the poems of the classical Greek philosopher Xenophanes of Colophon suggest that he held views very similar to those of modern monotheists. His poems harshly criticize the traditional notion of anthropomorphic gods, commenting that \"...if cattle and horses and lions had hands or could paint with their hands and create works such as men do,... [they] also would depict the gods' shapes and make their bodies of such a sort as the form they themselves have.\" Instead, Xenophanes declares that there is \"...one god, greatest among gods and humans, like mortals neither in form nor in thought.\" Xenophanes's theology appears to have been monist, but not truly monotheistic in the strictest sense. Although some later philosophers, such as Antisthenes, believed in doctrines similar to those expounded by Xenophanes, his ideas do not appear to have become widely popular.\n\nAlthough Plato himself was a polytheist, in his writings, he often presents Socrates as speaking of \"the god\" in the singular form. He does, however, often speak of the gods in the plural form as well. The Euthyphro dilemma, for example, is formulated as \"Is that which is holy loved by the gods because it is holy, or is it holy because it is loved by the gods?\"\n\nHellenistic religion\n\nThe development of pure (philosophical) monotheism is a product of the Late Antiquity. During the 2nd to 3rd centuries, early Christianity was just one of several competing religious movements advocating monotheism.\n\n\"The One\" (\u03a4\u1f78 \u1f1d\u03bd) is a concept that is prominent in the writings of the Neoplatonists, especially those of the philosopher Plotinus. In the writings of Plotinus, \"The One\" is described as an inconceivable, transcendent, all-embodying, permanent, eternal, causative entity that permeates throughout all of existence.\n\nA number of oracles of Apollo from Didyma and Clarus, the so-called \"theological oracles\", dated to the 2nd and 3rd century CE, proclaim that there is only one highest god, of whom the gods of polytheistic religions are mere manifestations or servants. 4th century CE Cyprus had, besides Christianity, an apparently monotheistic cult of Dionysus.\n\nThe Hypsistarians were a religious group who believed in a most high god, according to Greek documents. Later revisions of this Hellenic religion were adjusted towards monotheism as it gained consideration among a wider populace. The worship of Zeus as the head-god signaled a trend in the direction of monotheism, with less honour paid to the fragmented powers of the lesser gods.\n\nWestern Asia\n\nAbrahamic religions\n\nJudaism\n\nJudaism is traditionally considered one of the oldest monotheistic religions in the world, although in the 8th century BCE the Israelites were polytheistic, with their worship including the gods El, Baal, Asherah, and Astarte. Yahweh was originally the national god of the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah. During the 8th century BCE, the worship of Yahweh in Israel was in competition with many other cults, described by the Yahwist faction collectively as Baals. The oldest books of the Hebrew Bible reflect this competition, as in the books of Hosea and Nahum, whose authors lament the \"apostasy\" of the people of Israel, threatening them with the wrath of God if they do not give up their polytheistic cults.\n\nAs time progressed, the henotheistic cult of Yahweh grew increasingly militant in its opposition to the worship of other gods. Later, the reforms of King Josiah imposed a form of strict monolatrism. After the fall of Judah and the beginning of the Babylonian captivity, a small circle of priests and scribes gathered around the exiled royal court, where they first developed the concept of Yahweh as the sole God of the world.\n\nSecond Temple Judaism and later Rabbinic Judaism became strictly monotheistic. The Babylonian Talmud references other, \"foreign gods\" as non-existent entities to whom humans mistakenly ascribe reality and power. One of the best-known statements of Rabbinic Judaism on monotheism is the Second of Maimonides' 13 Principles of faith:\n\nSome in Judaism and Islam reject the Christian idea of monotheism. Modern Judaism uses the term shituf to refer to the worship of God in a manner which Judaism deems to be neither purely monotheistic (though still permissible for non-Jews) nor polytheistic (which would be prohibited).\n\nChristianity\n\nAmong early Christians, there was considerable debate over the nature of the Godhead, with some denying the incarnation but not the deity of Jesus (Docetism) and others later calling for an Arian conception of God. Despite at least one earlier local synod rejecting the claim of Arius, this Christological issue was to be one of the items addressed at the First Council of Nicaea.\n\nThe First Council of Nicaea, held in Nicaea (in present-day Turkey), convoked by the Roman Emperor Constantine I in 325, was the first ecumenical council of bishops of the Roman Empire, and most significantly resulted in the first uniform Christian doctrine, called the Nicene Creed. With the creation of the creed, a precedent was established for subsequent general ecumenical councils of bishops (synods) to create statements of belief and canons of doctrinal orthodoxy\u2014 the intent being to define a common creed for the Church and address heretical ideas.\n\nOne purpose of the council was to resolve disagreements in Alexandria over the nature of Jesus in relationship to the Father; in particular, whether Jesus was of the same substance as God the Father or merely of similar substance. All but two bishops took the first position; while Arius' argument failed.\n\nChristian orthodox traditions (Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and most Protestants) follow this decision, which was reaffirmed in 381 at the First Council of Constantinople and reached its full development through the work of the Cappadocian Fathers. They consider God to be a triune entity, called the Trinity, comprising three \"persons\", God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. These three are described as being \"of the same substance\" ().\n\nChristians overwhelmingly assert that monotheism is central to the Christian faith, as the Nicene Creed (and others), which gives the orthodox Christian definition of the Trinity, begins: \"I believe in one God\". From earlier than the times of the Nicene Creed, 325\u00a0CE, various Christian figures advocated the triune mystery-nature of God as a normative profession of faith. According to Roger E. Olson and Christopher Hall, through prayer, meditation, study and practice, the Christian community concluded \"that God must exist as both a unity and trinity\", codifying this in ecumenical council at the end of the 4th century.\n\nMost modern Christians believe the Godhead is triune, meaning that the three persons of the Trinity are in one union in which each person is also wholly God. They also hold to the doctrine of a man-god Christ Jesus as God incarnate. These Christians also do not believe that one of the three divine figures is God alone and the other two are not but that all three are mysteriously God and one. Other Christian religions, including Unitarian Universalism, Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormonism and others, do not share those views on the Trinity.\n\nSome Christian faiths, such as Mormonism, argue that the Godhead is in fact three separate individuals which include God the Father, His Son Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost. Each individual having a distinct purpose in the grand existence of human kind. Furthermore, Mormons believe that before the Council of Nicaea, the predominant belief among many early Christians was that the Godhead was three separate individuals. In support of this view, they cite early Christian examples of belief in subordinationism.\n\nUnitarianism is a theological movement, named for its understanding of God as one person, in direct contrast to Trinitarianism.\n\nSome in Judaism and some in Islam do not consider Trinitarian Christianity to be a pure form of monotheism due to the pluriform monotheistic Christian doctrine of the Trinity, classifying it as shituf in Judaism and as shirk in Islam. Trinitarian Christians, on the other hand, argue that the doctrine of the Trinity is a valid expression of monotheism, citing that the Trinity does not consist of three separate deities, but rather the three persons, who exist consubstantially (as one substance) within a single Godhead.\n\nIslam\n\nIn Islam, God (All\u0101h) is all-powerful and all-knowing, the Creator, Sustainer, Ordainer and Judge of the universe. God in Islam is strictly singular (tawhid) unique (wahid) and inherently One (ahad), all-merciful and omnipotent. All\u0101h exists on the Al-'Arsh [Quran 7:54], but the Quran states that \"No vision can grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision. God is above all comprehension, yet is acquainted with all things\" [Quran 6:103] All\u0101h is the only God and the same God worshiped in Christianity and Judaism.().\n\nIslam emerged in the 7th century CE in the context of both Christianity and Judaism, with some thematic elements similar to Gnosticism. Islamic belief states that Muhammad did not bring a new religion from God, but rather the same religion as practiced by Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus and all the other prophets of God. The assertion of Islam is that the message of God had been corrupted, distorted or lost over time, and the Quran was sent to Muhammad in order to correct the lost message of the Tawrat (Torah), Injil (Gospel) and Zabur.\n\nThe Quran asserts the existence of a single and absolute truth that transcends the world; a unique and indivisible being who is independent of the creation. The Quran rejects binary modes of thinking such as the idea of a duality of God by arguing that both good and evil generate from God's creative act. God is a universal god rather than a local, tribal or parochial one; an absolute who integrates all affirmative values and brooks no evil. Ash'ari theology, which dominated Sunni Islam from the tenth to the nineteenth century, insists on ultimate divine transcendence and holds that divine unity is not accessible to human reason. Ash'arism teaches that human knowledge regarding it is limited to what has been revealed through the prophets, and on such paradoxes as God's creation of evil, revelation had to accept bila kayfa (without [asking] how).\n\nTawhid constitutes the foremost article of the Muslim profession of faith, \"There is no god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God. To attribute divinity to a created entity is the only unpardonable sin mentioned in the Quran. The entirety of the Islamic teaching rests on the principle of tawhid.\n\nMedieval Islamic philosopher Al-Ghazali offered a proof of monotheism from omnipotence, asserting there can only be one omnipotent being. For if there were two omnipotent beings, the first would either have power over the second (meaning the second is not omnipotent) or not (meaning the first is not omnipotent); thus implying that there could only be one omnipotent being.\n\nAs they traditionally profess a concept of monotheism with a singular entity as God, Judaism and Islam reject the Christian idea of monotheism. Judaism uses the term Shituf to refer to non-monotheistic ways of worshiping God. Although Muslims venerate Jesus (Isa in Arabic) as a prophet, they do not accept the doctrine that he was a begotten son of God.\n\nMandaeism\n\nMandaeism or Mandaeanism ( ), sometimes also known as Sabianism, is a monotheistic, Gnostic, and ethnic religion. Mandaeans consider Adam, Seth, Noah, Shem and John the Baptist to be prophets, with Adam being the founder of the religion and John being the greatest and final prophet. The Mandaeans believe in one God commonly named Hayyi Rabbi meaning 'The Great Life' or 'The Great Living God'. The Mandaeans speak a dialect of Eastern Aramaic known as Mandaic. The name 'Mandaean' comes from the Aramaic manda meaning \"knowledge\", as does Greek gnosis. The term 'Sabianism' is derived from the Sabians (, ), a mysterious religious group mentioned three times in the Quran alongside the Jews, the Christians and the Zoroastrians as a 'people of the book', and whose name was historically claimed by the Mandaeans as well as by several other religious groups in order to gain the legal protection () offered by Islamic law. Mandaeans recognize God to be the eternal, creator of all, the one and only in domination who has no partner.\n\nBah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith\n\nGod in the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith is taught to be the Imperishable, uncreated Being Who is the source of existence, too great for humans to fully comprehend. Human primitive understanding of God is achieved through his revelations via his divine intermediary Manifestations. In the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed faith, such Christian doctrines as the Trinity are seen as compromising the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed view that God is single and has no equal,\nand the very existence of the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith is a challenge to the Islamic doctrine of the finality of Muhammad's revelation.\n\nGod in the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith communicates to humanity through divine intermediaries, known as Manifestations of God. These Manifestations establish religion in the world. It is through these divine intermediaries that humans can approach God, and through them God brings divine revelation and law.\n\nThe Oneness of God is one of the core teachings of the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith. The obligatory prayers in the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith involve explicit monotheistic testimony. God is the imperishable, uncreated being who is the source of all existence. He is described as \"a personal God, unknowable, inaccessible, the source of all Revelation, eternal, omniscient, omnipresent and almighty\". Although transcendent and inaccessible directly, his image is reflected in his creation. The purpose of creation is for the created to have the capacity to know and love its creator. God communicates his will and purpose to humanity through intermediaries, known as Manifestations of God, who are the prophets and messengers that have founded religions from prehistoric times up to the present day.\n\nRastafari\nRastafari, sometimes termed Rastafarianism, is classified as both a new religious movement and social movement. It developed in Jamaica during the 1930s. It lacks any centralised authority and there is much heterogeneity among practitioners, who are known as Rastafari, Rastafarians, or Rastas.\n\nRastafari refer to their beliefs, which are based on a specific interpretation of the Bible, as \"Rastalogy\". Central is a monotheistic belief in a single God\u2014referred to as Jah\u2014who partially resides within each individual. The former emperor of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie, is given central importance. Many Rastas regard him as an incarnation of Jah on Earth and as the Second Coming of Christ. Others regard him as a human prophet who fully recognised the inner divinity within every individual.\n\nZoroastrianism\n\nZoroastrianism combines cosmogonic dualism and eschatological monotheism which makes it unique among the religions of the world. It is contested whether they are monotheistic, due to the presence of Ahura Mainyu, and the existence of worshipped lesser divinities such as Aharaniyita.\n\nBy some Zoroastrianism is considered a monotheistic religion, but this is contested as both true and false by both scholars, and Zoroastrians themselves. Although Zoroastrianism is often regarded as dualistic, duotheistic or bitheistic, for its belief in the hypostasis of the ultimately good Ahura Mazda (Wise Lord) and the ultimately evil Angra Mainyu (destructive spirit). Zoroastrianism was once one of the largest religions on Earth, as the official religion of the Persian Empire. By some scholars, the Zoroastrians (\"Parsis\" or \"Zartoshtis\") are sometimes credited with being some of the first monotheists and having had influence on other world religions. Gathered statistics estimates the number of adherents at between 100,000 and 200,000, with adherents living in many regions, including South Asia.\n\nYazidism\n\nGod in Yazidism created the world and entrusted it into the care of seven Holy Beings, known as Angels. The Yazidis believe in a divine Triad. The original, hidden God of the Yazidis is considered to be remote and inactive in relation to his creation, except to contain and bind it together within his essence. His first emanation is the Angel Melek Ta\u00fbs (), who functions as the ruler of the world and leader of the other Angels. The second hypostasis of the divine Triad is the Sheikh 'Ad\u012b ibn Musafir. The third is Sultan Ezid. These are the three hypostases of the one God. The identity of these three is sometimes blurred, with Sheikh 'Ad\u012b considered to be a manifestation of Taw\u00fbs\u00ea Melek and vice versa; the same also applies to Sultan Ezid. Yazidis are called  (\"the nation of Taw\u00fbs\u00ea Melek\").\n\nGod is referred to by Yazidis as , , , and  ('King'), and, less commonly,  and . According to some Yazidi hymns (known as Qewls), God has 1,001 names, or 3,003 names according to other Qewls.\n\nOceania\n\nAboriginal Australian religion\nAboriginal Australians are typically described as polytheistic in nature. Although some researchers shy from referring to Dreamtime figures as \"gods\" or \"deities\", they are broadly described as such for the sake of simplicity.\n\nIn Southeastern Australian cultures, the sky father Baiame is perceived as the creator of the universe (though this role is sometimes taken by other gods like Yhi or Bunjil) and at least among the Gamilaraay traditionally revered above other mythical figures. Equation between him and the Christian god is common among both missionaries and modern Christian Aboriginals.\n\nThe Yolngu had extensive contact with the Makassans and adopted religious practises inspired by those of Islam. The god Walitha'walitha is based on Allah (specifically, with the wa-Ta'ala suffix), but while this deity had a role in funerary practises it is unclear if it was \"Allah-like\" in terms of functions.\n\nAndaman Islands\nThe religion of the Andamanese peoples has at times been described as \"animistic monotheism\", believing foremost in a single deity, Paluga, who created the universe. However, Paluga is not worshipped, and anthropomorphic personifications of natural phenomena are also known.\n\nSouth Asia\n\nHinduism\n\nAs an old religion, Hinduism inherits religious concepts spanning monotheism, polytheism, panentheism, pantheism, monism, and atheism among others; and its concept of God is complex and depends upon each individual and the tradition and philosophy followed.\n\nHindu views are broad and range from monism, through pantheism and panentheism (alternatively called monistic theism by some scholars) to monotheism and even atheism. Hinduism cannot be said to be purely polytheistic. Hindu religious leaders have repeatedly stressed that while God's forms are many and the ways to communicate with him are many, God is one. The puja of the murti is a way to communicate with the abstract one god (Brahman) which creates, sustains and dissolves creation.\n\nRig Veda 1.164.46,\n\n\"They call him Indra, Mitra, Varu\u1e47a, Agni, and he is heavenly nobly-winged Garuda.\nTo what is One, sages give many a title they call it Agni, Yama, M\u0101tari\u015bvan.\" (trans. Griffith)\n\nTraditions of Gaudiya Vaishnavas, the Nimbarka Sampradaya and followers of Swaminarayan and Vallabha consider Krishna to be the source of all avatars, and the source of Vishnu himself, or to be the same as Narayana. As such, he is therefore regarded as Svayam Bhagavan.\n\nWhen Krishna is recognized to be Svayam Bhagavan, it can be understood that this is the belief of Gaudiya Vaishnavism, the Vallabha Sampradaya, and the Nimbarka Sampradaya, where Krishna is accepted to be the source of all other avatars, and the source of Vishnu himself. This belief is drawn primarily \"from the famous statement of the Bhagavatam\" (1.3.28). A viewpoint differing from this theological concept is the concept of Krishna as an avatar of Narayana or Vishnu. It should be however noted that although it is usual to speak of Vishnu as the source of the avataras, this is only one of the names of the God of Vaishnavism, who is also known as Narayana, Vasudeva and Krishna and behind each of those names there is a divine figure with attributed supremacy in Vaishnavism.\n\nThe Rig Veda discusses monotheistic thought, as do the Atharva Veda and Yajur Veda:\n\"Devas are always looking to the supreme abode of Vishnu\" (tad vi\u1e63\u1e47o\u1e25 parama\u1e41 pada\u1e41 sad\u0101 pa\u015byanti s\u1e7braya\u1e25 Rig Veda 1.22.20)\n\n\"The One Truth, sages know by many names\" (Rig Veda 1.164.46)\n\n\"When at first the unborn sprung into being, He won His own dominion beyond which nothing higher has been in existence\" (Atharva Veda 10.7.31)\n\n\"There is none to compare with Him. There is no parallel to Him, whose glory, verily, is great.\" (Yajur Veda 32.3)\n\nThe number of auspicious qualities of God are countless, with the following six qualities (bhaga) being the most important:\n J\u00f1\u0101na (omniscience), defined as the power to know about all beings simultaneously\n Aishvarya (sovereignty, derived from the word Ishvara), which consists in unchallenged rule over all\n Shakti (energy), or power, which is the capacity to make the impossible possible\n Bala (strength), which is the capacity to support everything by will and without any fatigue\n V\u012brya (vigor), which indicates the power to retain immateriality as the supreme being in spite of being the material cause of mutable creations\n Tejas (splendor), which expresses His self-sufficiency and the capacity to overpower everything by His spiritual effulgence\n\nIn the Shaivite tradition, the Shri Rudram (Sanskrit \u0936\u094d\u0930\u093f \u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094d), to which the Chamakam (\u091a\u092e\u0915\u092e\u094d) is added by scriptural tradition, is a Hindu stotra dedicated to Rudra (an epithet of Shiva), taken from the Yajurveda (TS 4.5, 4.7). Shri Rudram is also known as Sri Rudraprasna, , and Rudradhyaya. The text is important in Vedanta where Shiva is equated to the Universal supreme God. The hymn is an early example of enumerating the names of a deity, a tradition developed extensively in the sahasranama literature of Hinduism.\n\nThe Nyaya school of Hinduism has made several arguments regarding a monotheistic view. The Naiyanikas have given an argument that such a god can only be one. In the Nyaya Kusumanjali, this is discussed against the proposition of the Mimamsa school that let us assume there were many demigods (devas) and sages (rishis) in the beginning, who wrote the Vedas and created the world. Nyaya says that:\n\nIn other words, Nyaya says that the polytheist would have to give elaborate proofs for the existence and origin of his several celestial spirits, none of which would be logical, and that it is more logical to assume one eternal, omniscient god.\n\nMany other Hindus, however, view polytheism as far preferable to monotheism. The famous Hindu revitalist leader Ram Swarup, for example, points to the Vedas as being specifically polytheistic, and states that, \"only some form of polytheism alone can do justice to this variety and richness.\"\n\nSita Ram Goel, another 20th-century Hindu historian, wrote:\n\nSikhism\n\nSikhi is a monotheistic and a revealed religion.\nGod in Sikhi is called Akal Purakh (which means \"the true immortal\") or V\u0101higur\u016b the Primal being. However, other names like Ram, Allah etc. are also used to refer to the same god, who is shapeless, timeless, and sightless: nira\u1e45k\u0101r, akaal, and alakh. Sikhi presents a unique perspective where God is present (sarav vi\u0101pak) in all of its creation and does not exist outside of its creation. God must be seen from \"the inward eye\", or the \"heart\". Sikhs follow the Aad Guru Granth Sahib and are instructed to meditate on the Naam (Name of God - V\u0101higur\u016b) to progress towards enlightenment, as its rigorous application permits the existence of communication between God and human beings.\n\nSikhism is a monotheistic faith that arose in northern region of the Indian subcontinent during the 16th and 17th centuries. Sikhs believe in one, timeless, omnipresent, supreme creator. The opening verse of the Guru Granth Sahib, known as the Mul Mantra, signifies this:\n\nTransliteration: ikk \u014dank\u0101r sat(i)-n\u0101m(u) karat\u0101 purakh(u) nirabha'u niravair(u) ak\u0101la m\u016brat(i) aj\u016bn\u012b saibhan(g) gur(a) pras\u0101d(i).\nOne Universal creator God, The supreme Unchangeable Truth, The Creator of the Universe, Beyond Fear, Beyond Hatred, Beyond Death, Beyond Birth, Self-Existent, by Guru's Grace.\n\nThe word \"\u0a74\" (\"Ik \u014da\u1e45k\u0101r\") has two components. The first is \u0a67, the digit \"1\" in Gurmukhi signifying the singularity of the creator. Together the word means: \"One Universal creator God\".\n\nIt is often said that the 1430 pages of the Guru Granth Sahib are all expansions on the Mul Mantra. Although the Sikhs have many names for God, some derived from Islam and Hinduism, they all refer to the same Supreme Being.\n\nThe Sikh holy scriptures refer to the One God who pervades the whole of space and is the creator of all beings in the universe. The following quotation from the Guru Granth Sahib highlights this point:\n\nHowever, there is a strong case for arguing that the Guru Granth Sahib teaches monism due to its non-dualistic tendencies:\n\nSikhs believe that God has been given many names, but they all refer to the One God, V\u0101hiGur\u016b. Sikh holy scripture (Guru Granth Sahib) speaks to all faiths and Sikhs believe that members of other religions such as Islam, Hinduism and Christianity all worship the same God, and the names Allah, Rahim, Karim, Hari, Raam and Paarbrahm are, therefore, frequently mentioned in the Sikh holy scripture (Guru Granth Sahib) . God in Sikhism is most commonly referred to as Akal Purakh (which means \"the true immortal\") or Waheguru, the Primal Being.\n\nSee also\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\n William G. Dever, Who Were the Early Israelites?, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans 2003.\n William G. Dever, Did God Have a Wife?: Archaeology and Folk Religion in Ancient Israel, Eerdmans, 2005, .\n Jonthan Kirsch, God Against The Gods: The History of the War Between Monotheism and Polytheism. Penguin Books. 2005.\n Hans K\u00f6chler. The Concept of Monotheism in Islam and Christianity. Vienna: Braum\u00fcller, 1982.  (Google Books).\n\n \n\n \n Silberman, Neil A. et al.; The Bible Unearthed, New York: Simon & Schuster 2001.\n\n Keith Whitelam, The Invention of Ancient Israel, Routledge, New York 1997.\n\nExternal links\n\n \n \n\n About.com \"What is Monolatry?\" (Contains useful comparisons with henoteism etc.)\n Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy\n Christian Monotheism (biblical unitarians)\n Deism\n\n \nPhilosophy of religion\nReligion in ancient Israel and Judah", "meta": {"title": "Monotheism", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotheism", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Embraer EMB 120, \u00bbBras\u00edlia\u00ab \u00e4r ett 2-motorigt propellerflygplan som byggdes i 354 exemplar av Embraer och fl\u00f6g f\u00f6rsta g\u00e5ngen 1983, produktionen lades ner 2002. M\u00e5nga regionala flygbolag flyger med planet och \u00e5r 2010 fl\u00f6g fortfarande 195 stycken EMB 120.\n\nEMB 120\nPassagerarflygplan", "meta": {"title": "Embraer EMB 120", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embraer%20EMB%20120", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "or  is a lake that lies in the southeastern part of the municipality of Bindal in Nordland county, Norway.  The lake is part of the river \u00c5bj\u00f8ra, about  east of the village of \u00c5bygda.\n\nSee also\n List of lakes in Norway\n Geography of Norway\n\nReferences\n\nLakes of Nordland\nBindal", "meta": {"title": "\u00c5bj\u00f8rvatnet", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85bj%C3%B8rvatnet", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0410\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%2C%20%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u2013 japo\u0144ska siatkarka, z\u0142ota medalistka igrzysk olimpijskich, mistrzostw \u015bwiata, pucharu \u015bwiata i igrzysk azjatyckich oraz dzia\u0142aczka sportowa.\n\n\u017byciorys \nArakida wraz z reprezentacj\u0105 Japonii zdoby\u0142a z\u0142ote medale podczas igrzysk azjatyckich 1974 odbywaj\u0105cych si\u0119 w Teheranie oraz na mistrzostwach \u015bwiata 1974 w Meksyku. Wyst\u0105pi\u0142a na igrzyskach olimpijskich 1976 w Montrealu. Zagra\u0142a w\u00f3wczas we wszystkich meczach olimpijskiego turnieju, w tym we zwyci\u0119skim meczu fina\u0142owym ze reprezentacj\u0105 Zwi\u0105zku radzieckiego. Tryumfowa\u0142a w pucharze \u015bwiata 1977 rozgrywanym w jej ojczy\u017anie.\n\nW latach 1972\u20131978 by\u0142a zawodniczk\u0105 klubu Hitachi Belle Fille, z kt\u00f3rym pi\u0119ciokrotnie zdoby\u0142a mistrzostwo ligi japo\u0144skiej pomi\u0119dzy 1974 i 1978.\n\nW lutym 2012 zosta\u0142a dyrektork\u0105 sportow\u0105 komisji ubiegaj\u0105cej si\u0119 organizacj\u0119 Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2020 i Letnich Igrzysk Paraolimpijskich 2020 w Tokio. Wcze\u015bniej pe\u0142ni\u0142a funkcj\u0119 przewodnicz\u0105cej Azjatyckiej Rady Olimpijskiej.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nUrodzeni w 1954\nJapo\u0144skie siatkarki\nMedali\u015bci Igrzysk Azjatyckich 1974\nJapo\u0144scy medali\u015bci olimpijscy\nMedali\u015bci Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 1976\nJapo\u0144scy dzia\u0142acze sportowi", "meta": {"title": "Y\u016bko Arakida", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C5%ABko%20Arakida", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Frank Peppiatt (March 19, 1927 \u2013 November 7, 2012) was a Canadian (naturalized American) television producer and screenwriter, considered a pioneer of the variety show genre. His credits included The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour. Most notably, co-created the variety show, Hee Haw, in 1969 with John Aylesworth.\n\nPeppiatt was born to Frank and Sarah Peppiatt in Toronto, Ontario, on March 19, 1927. He attended the University of Toronto, where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1949. He took a job with his Toronto classmate, Norman Jewison, after college working on college stage productions. Peppiatt then worked as an advertising copywriter at MacLaren Advertising where he met and worked with John Aylesworth. Their work on television advertising led the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation to approach them to write comedy sketches for a variety show called After Hours. This led to a long professional partnership with Aylesworth. Peppiatt made the jump from Canadian to American television by the mid-1950s.\n\nIn addition to Hee Haw, Peppiatt and Aylesworth teamed up to write or produce Perry Como's Kraft Music Hall, The Judy Garland Show, Frank Sinatra: A Man and His Music, The ABC Comedy Hour, The Julie Andrews Hour, and Hullabaloo. They were known as one of the most prolific writing and producing teams in television variety show history.\n\nPeppiatt died from bladder cancer in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, on November 7, 2012, at the age of 85. He was survived by his third wife, Caroline Peppiatt; from a previous marriage to Marilyn Peppiatt, his daughters Francesca Robyn and Marney Peppiatt, while youngest daughter, Melissa Peppiatt MacIsssac died in 2000; and four grandchildren. His autobiography, When Variety Was King: Memoir of a TV Pioneer, was published posthumously by ECW Press in April 2013.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1927 births\n2012 deaths\nAmerican television producers\nAmerican male screenwriters\nUniversity of Toronto alumni\nCanadian emigrants to the United States\nWriters from Toronto\nCBC Television people\nDeaths from cancer in Florida\nDeaths from bladder cancer\nCanadian television producers\nCanadian male screenwriters", "meta": {"title": "Frank Peppiatt", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Peppiatt", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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{"text": "\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0443\u0433\u0440\u0435\u043d () \u2014 \u0448\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e.\n\n\u0412\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0432 1993 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044e.\n\n\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 ( )\n\u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u042f\u043d\u0441\u0441\u043e\u043d (). \u041e\u0431\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 (29 \u043c\u0438\u043d 29 \u0441\u0435\u043a)\n\u0438 \u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0438\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438.\n\n\u0414\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0448\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 (1993 \u0438 1997),\n\u0430 \u0432 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0443\n\u041e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438\n\u041e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0443\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f:\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0443\u0433\u0440\u0435\u043d, \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%2C%20%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Juye is a large coal field located in the east of China in Shandong. Juye is one of the largest coal reserves in China, with estimated reserves of 28.1 billion tonnes of coal. It is home to the Zhaolou Coal Mine Coal Reserve.\n\nSee also \n\nCoal in China\nList of coalfields\n\nReferences \n\nCoal in China", "meta": {"title": "Juye coalfield", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juye%20coalfield", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443, \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\n \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e, \u041e\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0406\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0457\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\n \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u041e\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456\n \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0443 \u0421\u0443\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\n \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0443 \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\n \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u043d \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0437 \u0430\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0454\u044e \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c, \u0425\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\n\n \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 (\u0434\u043e 1945 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443)", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043a", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BA", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "This is a list of churches, chapels and meeting halls in the Channel Islands\n\nFirst millennium\n\nAlthough there are indications that missionary efforts created small places of Christian worship in various places in the islands before 450 A.D. the first proper evidence of Christianity is recorded as coming to the Islands around 520 A.D. when Samson of Dol visited Guernsey and in \n540 A.D. when Helier arrived in Jersey, living as a hermit until he was killed by pirates.\n\nThe \"pirates\" grew in strength. In 911 A.D., a group of \"pirates\", or Vikings led by Rollo besieged Paris and Chartres. After a victory near Chartres on 26 August, Charles the Simple decided to negotiate with Rollo, resulting in the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte. For the Vikings' loyalty, they were granted all the land between the river Epte and the sea, as well as Brittany, which at the time was an independent country which France had unsuccessfully tried to conquer. Rollo also agreed to be baptised and to marry Charles' daughter, Gisela. The land would become known as \"Normandy\", the land of the North Men and included \"Les \u00celes d'la Manche\" or the Channel Islands. Religion was strengthened with the arrival and conversion of the Normans to Christianity, in the 10th century.\n\nSecond millennium\n\nThere were many churches built by the Normans in the 11th and 12th centuries, many on top of previous chapels which were themselves alongside pagan places of worship, the islands being divided up into parishes in the 11th century and land areas granted by endowment to French-based religious centres, Mont Saint Michel Abbey received four and Marmoutier Abbey, Tours six from Guernsey, Cerisy-la-For\u00eat acquired two in Jersey, but most other Jersey parishes were scattered amongst other people and institutions.\n\nThe Islands embraced the French Calvinist form of Protestantism during the Reformation Roman Catholicism continued until orders were received to remove all signs of Catholicism in 1547. A brief return to Catholicism saw the three women turned into martyrs before another turn, back to the Protestant faith and a fear of France and Catholics. Methodism took a stronghold at the end of the 18th century.\n\nThe Little Chapel in Guernsey has been said that it \"is the smallest functioning chapel in Europe, if not the world\", and it is \"believed to be the world\u2019s smallest consecrated church.\"\n\nAt least three churches in Guernsey have pre-history carved stones, the most famous being La Gran'm\u00e8re du Chimqui\u00e8re. In Jersey, at La Hougue Bie a 12th-century chapel was built on a Neolithic ritual site which was in use around 3500\u00a0BC. In Western Europe, it is one of the largest and best preserved passage graves. Several churches, including Castel Church, Guernsey, have been built using materials dating back to the Roman Empire. St Saviour Church in Guernsey has a number of tunnels running underneath, built by the Organisation Todt for Nazi Germany in the 1940s.\n\nThe historic toleration of religious minorities has led to many persecuted minorities seeking refuge in the Islands, such as Huguenots from 1548. The influx of the Protestant refugees led to Calvinism becoming the main religion, forcing a break from the Roman Catholic Diocese of Coutances in 1568 to the Bishop of Winchester. Religion became strictly enforced with physical punishments (whippings, stocks, imprisonment) and torture to get confessions for Channel Islands Witch Trials for 100 years, ending only with the Act of Uniformity 1662 of Charles II of England. In the English Civil War Guernsey, with stronger puritanical sympathies supported Parliament whereas Jersey was happy to restore episcopalian constitutions, siding with the Royalists.\n\nA famous refugee Guernsey in 1855 was Victor Hugo who increasingly expressed anti-Catholic and anti-clerical views. Hugo counted 740 attacks on a book he wrote whilst in Guernsey, Les Mis\u00e9rables in the Catholic press. The last major act of non-toleration goes back to 1556, with the Guernsey Martyrs who died for their Protestant faith. The Island's toleration has left a rich legacy of churches, chapels and places of worship.\n\nThe maintenance of parish churches was, before the Reformation, the responsibility of the Catholic Church. To avoid the English Crown taking over responsibility as successor, Charles II in 1677 instructed the Guernsey churchwardens to raise monies from the parishioners.\n\nIn 1893 a religious census was undertaken in Guernsey showing around 50% of the population attended:\n\n Anglican \u2013 17 places \u2013 5,998 attendants\n French Wesleyan \u2013 17 places \u2013 2,989 attendants\n Salvation Army \u2013 4 places \u2013 1,941 attendants\n English Wesleyan \u2013 6 places \u2013 1,783 attendants\n English R.C. \u2013 2 places \u2013 1,021 attendants\n Baptist \u2013 6 places \u2013 663 attendants\n\n French R.C. \u2013 2 places \u2013 588 attendants\n Independent \u2013 5 places \u2013 533 attendants\n Brethren \u2013 6 places \u2013 507 attendants\n New Connexion \u2013 1 place \u2013 452 attendants\n Primitive Methodist \u2013 2 places \u2013 315 attendants\n Other \u2013 7 places \u2013 800 attendants\n\nThird millennium\nThe 2010 breakdown of followers in the Channel Islands: \n\n Christians 84%\n\n Agnostics 14%\n\n Atheists 1%\n\n Other religions 1%\n\nIn 2022 the Anglican churches moved from under Winchester, where they had been for 500 years, to the Diocese of Salisbury.\n\nReligions\n\n Anglicanism \u2013 The Deanery of Guernsey of the Church of England comes under the Diocese of Salisbury, but until 2015 was under the Diocese of Winchester. \n Baptists \u2013 The Baptist Christian faith has been practised in Guernsey for over 200 years.\n Church of Scotland \u2013 The Church has very few churches outside Scotland, but both Guernsey and Jersey have kirks. They were established, partly to cater for the Scottish soldiers who regularly provided garrison duties.\n Elim Pentecostal Church \u2013 For over 100 years there has been a Pentecostal Church in the Islands, with Elim expanding in the 1930s.\n Evangelicalism \u2013 Auxiliary Associations existed in Gernsey and Jersey in 1814 \n Greater World Christian Spiritualism \u2013 held its first service in Jersey in 1935.\n Islam \u2013 There are no mosques or meeting places in Guernsey, Jersey has a meeting house.\n Judaism \u2013 Jews first established a synagogue in Saint Helier in 1843.\n Jehovah's Witnesses \u2013 Two English congregations and one Portuguese group in Guernsey. Three English congregations and one Portuguese congregation in Jersey.\n Methodism \u2013 Methodism reached Jersey in 1774. The first Methodist minister in Jersey was appointed in 1783, and John Wesley preached in Guernsey in 1787 and in Jersey in August 1789. The first Wesleyan chapel was built in Guernsey in 1788 opposite the Royal Court. Channel Islands District of the Methodist Church \n Newfrontiers \u2013 A network of evangelical charismatic churches. Represented in Guernsey.\n Portuguese Christian Mission \u2013 Established in Jersey in 2009 to cater for the Portuguese Protestant community.\n Quakers \u2013 The Religious Society of Friends believed to have been active in Jersey around 1660. Recognised in the Island in 1742. In Guernsey they formed a society in 1782.\n Roman Catholic \u2013 The Catholic parishes in the Channel Islands, along with the Isle of Wight, are part of the English Diocese of Portsmouth.\n Salvation Army \u2013 Founded in Jersey in 1879 and in Guernsey in 1881 and in Alderney in 1882. The Army's founders, Catherine and William Booth, had visited Guernsey in 1855 shortly after their marriage and preached. Marie Ozanne died for her beliefs in Guernsey in 1943.\n United Reformed Church was formed in 1972 when the Presbyterian Church of England and the Congregational Church of England came together. Presbyterian churches have served the Islands for over 100 years.\n Zion Christian Fellowship \u2013 Founded in Guernsey in 1988.\n\nList of buildings\nThis list is incomplete. Please feel free to expand it.\n\nSee also\n\n Religion in Jersey\n History of the Jews in Jersey\n History of the Jews in Guernsey\n Channel Islands\n\nReferences\n\nReligion in Guernsey\nReligious buildings and structures in Guernsey\nReligion in Jersey\nC", "meta": {"title": "List of churches, chapels and meeting halls in the Channel Islands", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20churches%2C%20chapels%20and%20meeting%20halls%20in%20the%20Channel%20Islands", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Coppa del Mondo femminile di pallanuoto 1999 \u00e8 stata la 12\u00aa edizione della manifestazione che a partire dal 1989 veniva organizzata ogni due anni dalla FINA, per poi passare a cadenza quadriennale a partire dal 2002. Le nazioni partecipanti venivano scelte fra le 8 prime classificate del campionato mondiale precedente.\n\nTale manifestazione serv\u00ec anche per stabilire quali squadre si sarebbero qualificate per i Giochi Olimpici 2000 di Sydney (Australia). Della classifica finale si sarebbero qualificate la prima europea e la prima americana, mentre le altre (ad eccezione dell'Australia, qualificata di diritto come paese ospitante) avrebbero dovuto svolgere un torneo di qualificazione.\n\nSquadre partecipanti\nLe squadre sono elencate secondo l'ordine di classifica del campionato mondiale 1998.\n\nFormula\nLe 8 squadre partecipanti vengono suddivise in due gironi da quattro squadre ciascuno. Ciascuna squadra affronta le altre tre incluse nel proprio girone una sola volta, per un totale di tre partite per ciascuna squadra. Alla fine di tale fase le prime due di ciascun girone disputano le semifinali ad incrocio (1\u00aa del gruppo A vs. 2\u00aa del gruppo B e viceversa). Terze e quarte si sfidano per i posti dal 5\u00ba all'8\u00ba.\n\nTurno preliminare\n\nGruppo A\n\n24 maggio\n\n25 maggio\n\n26 maggio\n\nGruppo B\n\n24 maggio\n\n25 maggio\n\n26 maggio\n\nFase finale\n\nSemifinali\n28 maggio\n\nFinale 7\u00ba-8\u00ba posto\n29 maggio\n\nFinale 5\u00ba-6\u00ba posto\n29 maggio\n\nFinale 3\u00ba-4\u00ba posto\n29 maggio\n\nFinale\n29 maggio\n\nClassifica finale\n\nPaesi Bassi e Canada qualificate ai Giochi Olimpici 2000.\n\nVoci correlate\nFINA Water Polo World Cup 1999 (maschile)\n\nCollegamenti esterni\n \n\nSport acquatici nel 1999\nEdizioni della FINA Water Polo World Cup femminile\nCompetizioni sportive a Winnipeg", "meta": {"title": "FINA Water Polo World Cup 1999 (femminile)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/FINA%20Water%20Polo%20World%20Cup%201999%20%28femminile%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Carl Heinrich Christian J\u00e4de (* 24. Juli 1815 in Weimar; \u2020 16. Januar 1873 ebenda), auch Jaede oder G\u00e4de, war ein deutscher Kinderbuchautor bzw. Journalist.\n\nJ\u00e4de war Sohn des Hofschreibers und Schneidermeisters Johann Siegfried J\u00e4de (1782\u20131830). Sein Bruder war der Maler und Zeichner Franz J\u00e4de. J\u00e4de bewohnte in der Windischenstra\u00dfe 8 dasselbe Haus wie lange vor ihm einst Friedrich Schiller. Haupts\u00e4chlich gab er Sammlungen von M\u00e4rchen, Kurzgeschichten und Gedichten heraus, verfasste aber auch zahlreiche Kinder- und Jugendb\u00fccher, die viel gelesen wurden. Nach der dort angebrachten Tafel war er Freiheitsk\u00e4mpfer. In den Revolutionsjahren 1849/49 gab er das Weimarische Volksblatt und Der Demokrat heraus. J\u00e4de war Republikaner und vertrat die Interessen des demokratischen Kleinb\u00fcrgertums und war von 1861/64 Abgeordneter f\u00fcr Weimar-Stadt und 13 Jahre Mitglied des Gemeinderates.\n\nAuf ihn geht das Zitat zur\u00fcck:\n\n\u201eTreibe doch nur recht das Deine, Frag' nicht, was der Nachbar thut; Macht ein jeder gut das Seine, Steht es mit dem Ganzen gut.\u201c\n\nFranz und Heinrich J\u00e4de waren auch in der Weimarer Sportbewegung aktiv. Sie begr\u00fcndeten den Weimarer Turnverein.\n\nIn Weimar ist seit 1949 die Heinrich-J\u00e4de-Stra\u00dfe nach ihm benannt. Sein Grab befindet sich auf dem Historischen Friedhof in Weimar.\n\nWeblinks \n \n http://www.thueringer-literaturrat.de/autorenlexikon/jaede-karl-heinrich-christian/\n Heinrich  J\u00e4de auf Weimar-Lese.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nAutor\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1815\nGestorben 1873\nMann\nKinder- und Jugendliteratur", "meta": {"title": "Heinrich J\u00e4de", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich%20J%C3%A4de", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "K.u.k. Sappeure \u2013 oddzia\u0142y saper\u00f3w c. i k. Armii, sformowane w 1912 na bazie pododdzia\u0142\u00f3w wy\u0142\u0105czonych z formacji c. i k. Pionier\u00f3w.\n\nBataliony saperskie w 1914 \nBatalion Saper\u00f3w Nr 1\n () \nSformowany w 1912 z 1., 2. i 3. kompanii Batalionu Pionier\u00f3w Nr 9\nPodleg\u0142o\u015b\u0107 taktyczna: 24 Brygada Piechoty w Tarnowie nale\u017c\u0105ca do 12 Dywizji Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 50% Polacy - 23% Niemcy - 23% Czesi - 4% Inni\nGarnizon Krak\u00f3w na terytorium 1 Korpusu, koszary () przy ul. Montelupich (18 listopada 1918 przemianowane na koszary Stefana Batorego)\nKomendant: mjr Vinzenz Reimer\npor. rez. Zdzis\u0142aw J\u00f3zef Groele\n\nBatalion Saper\u00f3w Nr 2\n () \nSformowany: 1912 - II Korpus Armijny - 50 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 82% Niemcy - 18% Inni\nGarnizon: Krems an der Donau\nKomendant: Major Rudolf Herkner\nOficerowie:\npor. rez. Bronis\u0142aw Teodor Emil Czy\u017cek\npor. rez. Julius Raab\n\n Batalion Saper\u00f3w Nr 3 w Gorycji\nNarodowo\u015bci: 48% Niemcy - 45% S\u0142owe\u0144cy - 7% Inni\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 4\nSformowany: 1912 - III Korpus Armijny \u2013 12 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 20% Niemcy - 74% W\u0119grzy - 6% Inni\nGarnizon: Villach\nKomendant: Major Franz Wagner\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 5\nSformowany: 1912 - V Korpus Armijny - 66 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 40% Niemcy - 32% W\u0119grzy - 23% S\u0142owe\u0144cy - 5% Inni\nGarnizon: Komar\u00f3m\nKomendant: Major Friedrich Jobst von Ruprecht\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 6\nSformowany: 1912 - III Korpus Armijny \u2013 55 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 72% W\u0119grzy - 28% Inni\nGarnizon: Pula\nKomendant: Major Carl M\u00fcller\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 7\nSformowany: 1912 \u2013 VII / XIII / XV Korpus Armijny \nNarodowo\u015bci: 53% W\u0119grzy - 25% Niemcy - 22% Inni\nGarnizon: Sarajewo\nKomendant: Major Rudolf Conrad\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 8\nSformowany: 1912 \u2013 XIV Korpus Armijny \u2013 96 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 73% Czesi - 26% Niemcy - 1% Inni\nGarnizon: Rovereto\nKommandeur: Oberstleutnant Franz Schmidt\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 9\nSformowany: 1912 - XIV Korpus Armijny - 96 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 66% Czesi - 31% Niemcy - 3% Inni\nGarnizon: Riva del Garda\nKomendant: Major Joseph Lichtblau\n\n Batalion Saper\u00f3w Nr 10 w Przemy\u015blu\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 11\nSformowany: 1912 \u2013 XI Korpus Armijny \u2013 21 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 32% Polacy - 48% Rusini - 20% Inni\nGarnizon: Lw\u00f3w\nKomendant: Oberstleutnant Hugo Haluska\n\nBatalion Saper\u00f3w Nr 12\n () \nSformowany: 1912 - XII Korpus Armijny \u2013 69 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 50% W\u0119grzy - 36% Rumuni - 14% Inni\nGarnizon: Alba Iulia (Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r)\nKomendant: Major Zdenko Dvo\u0159\u00e1k\nOficerowie:\n kpt. Antoni Lukas\n kpt. Boles\u0142aw Siwiec\n kpt. Zdzis\u0142aw Zahaczewski\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 13\nSformowany: 1912 - XIII Korpus Armijny - 13 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 86% Serbowie/Chorwaci - 14% Inni\nGarnizon: Osijek (Esseg)\nKomendant: Major Otto Jenker\n\nSappeurbataillon Nr. 14\nSformowany: 1912 - XIV Korpus Armijny \u2013 121 Brygada Piechoty\nNarodowo\u015bci: 98% Niemcy - 2% Inni\nGarnizon: Twierdza Trydent (Trient)\nKomendant: Major Ferdinand Korb\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia \n \n Oberstleutnant Artur Ritter M\u00fcller von Elblein: Die Sappeurtruppe. Aufsatz in Moderne Illustrierte Zeitung, Doppelnummer 10/11, Wien 1. Juni 1914, Siegmund Bergmann (Hrsg.).\n\nPionierzy i saperzy cesarskiej i kr\u00f3lewskiej Armii", "meta": {"title": "K.u.k. Sappeure", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/K.u.k.%20Sappeure", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Umm Hakim Al-Baydaa bint Abdul Muttalib (arabsky: \u0623\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628) byla teta isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho proroka Mohameda. \n\nNarodila se v Mekce okolo roku 546. Byla dcerou Abdula Muttaliba ibn Ha\u0161ima a jeho \u017eeny Fatimy bint Amr al-Makhzumiy. Byla dvoj\u010detem Abdullaha, otce proroka Mohameda. Umm Hakim byla zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pod p\u0159ezd\u00edvkou Al-Baydaa (ta b\u00edl\u00e1), jeliko\u017e byla Abdullahova jedin\u00e1 dcera se sv\u011btlou k\u016f\u017e\u00ed. \n\nProvdala se Kurayzu ibn Rabiu z klanu Ab\u0161ams z kmene Kuraj\u0161ovc\u016f. Jejich d\u011btmi byli Amir, Arwa (matka chal\u00edfy Uthmana), Talha a Umm Talha. \n\nUmm Hakim zem\u0159ela p\u0159ed rokem 610.\n\nReference \n\nNarozen\u00ed v 6. stolet\u00ed\n\u00damrt\u00ed v 7. stolet\u00ed\nMohamedova rodina", "meta": {"title": "Umm Hakim bint Abdul Muttalib", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umm%20Hakim%20bint%20Abdul%20Muttalib", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u0438\u043a\u0438 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0456, \u0443 \u0433\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456 \u0412\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u041b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 \u041b\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014   (2011).\n\n\u0423 1975-1998 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 31 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044f 2011 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443:\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u041b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0438\u043a\u0438 (\u041b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%28%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bulbophyllum ligulifolium is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.\n\nReferences\nThe Bulbophyllum-Checklist\nThe Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia\n\nligulifolium", "meta": {"title": "Bulbophyllum ligulifolium", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbophyllum%20ligulifolium", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442 II\u0406-2306 \u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d \u043f\u044a\u0442, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0449 \u0438\u0437\u0446\u044f\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442, \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0445. \u0414\u044a\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0443 \u0435 6,3 km.\n\n\u041f\u044a\u0442\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 92,2 km \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442 II-23 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0422\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u041b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438 \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u041a\u044a\u043f\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442 III-702 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f 15\u00a0km.\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0436\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0449\u043e \n\u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \n\n \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430.\n \u041f\u044a\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0430\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u041c 1:200000.\n \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044a\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f .\n\n\u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\n\u041e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434", "meta": {"title": "\u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u044a\u0442 III-2306", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D1%8A%D1%82%20III-2306", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 2017 US Open was the 137th edition of tennis' US Open and the fourth and final Grand Slam event of the year. It was held on outdoor hard courts at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York City. Experimental rules featured in qualifying for the main draw as well as in the junior, wheelchair and exhibition events.\n\nStan Wawrinka and Angelique Kerber were the previous year's men's and women's singles champions. Neither managed to defend their title as Wawrinka withdrew before the start of the tournament due to a knee injury that ended his season, while Kerber lost in the first round to Naomi Osaka.\n\nThe men's singles tournament concluded with Rafael Nadal defeating Kevin Anderson in the final, while the women's singles tournament concluded with Sloane Stephens defeating Madison Keys in the final.\n\nTournament\n\nThe 2017 US Open was the 137th edition of the tournament and took place at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows\u2013Corona Park of Queens in New York City, New York, United States. The tournament was held on 15 DecoTurf hard courts.\n\nThe tournament was an event run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and was part of the 2017 ATP World Tour and the 2017 WTA Tour calendars under the Grand Slam category. The tournament consisted of both men's and women's singles and doubles draws as well as a mixed doubles event. There were also singles and doubles events for both boys and girls (players under 18), which were part of the Grade A category of tournaments. Additionally, there were singles and doubles wheelchair tennis events for men, women and quads.\n\nThe 2017 tournament saw the USTA try out two experimental rules. Firstly, the USTA introduced a shot clock to combat slow play and to address players going over the allotted time for warm ups and medical time outs. Secondly, coaching was allowed from the side of the court. Whilst a player was at the same end as their box they could verbally communicate, if they were at the opposite end then sign language would be allowed. This meant that coaching incidents involving Victoria Azarenka and Caroline Garcia at Wimbledon would have been allowed. The rules only applied in qualifying matches for the main draw, junior, wheelchair and legends matches.\n\nThe tournament was played on hard courts and took place over a series of 15 courts with DecoTurf surface, including the two existing main showcourts \u2013 Arthur Ashe Stadium and the new Grandstand. Louis Armstrong Stadium, one of the main stadiums used in the previous tournament, was demolished after the 2016 tournament and was replaced for the 2017 edition by a temporary stadium located next to parking lot B near the construction of the previous Louis Armstrong Stadium site.\n\nBroadcast\nIn the United States, the 2017 US Open will be the third year in a row under an 11-year, $825 million contract with ESPN, in which the broadcaster holds exclusive rights to the entire tournament and the US Open Series. This means that the tournament is not available on broadcast television. This also makes ESPN the exclusive U.S. broadcaster for three of the four tennis majors. In Australia, SBS won the rights to broadcast the US Open with the free to air coverage starting from the quarter finals.\n\nAm\u00e9ricas \n\n Latin America: ESPN \n : ESPN and TyC Sports \n : ESPN and SporTV \n : ESPN and Tigo Sports \n : ESPN and\n\nPoint and prize money distribution\n\nPoint distribution\nBelow is a series of tables for each of the competitions showing the ranking points on offer for each event.\n\nSenior\n\nWheelchair\n\nJunior\n\nPrize money\nThe total prize-money compensation for the 2017 US Open is $50.4 million, a 3.7% increase on the same total last year. Of that total, a record $3.7 million goes to both the men's and women's singles champions, which is increased to 7.5 percent from last year. This made the US Open the most lucrative and highest paying tennis grand slam in the world, leapfrogging Wimbledon in total prize money fund. Prize money for the US Open qualifying tournament is also up 49.2 percent, to $2.9 million. The total prize money for the wheelchair tennis events was $200,000.\n\nSingles players \nMen's singles\n\nWomen's singles\n\nDay-by-day summaries\n\nDoubles seeds\n\nMen's doubles\n\n1Rankings as of August 21, 2017.\n\nWomen's doubles\n\n1Rankings as of August 21, 2017.\n\nMixed doubles\n\n1Rankings as of August 21, 2017.\n\nEvents\n\nMen's singles\n\n Rafael Nadal def.  Kevin Anderson, 6\u20133, 6\u20133, 6\u20134\n\nWomen's singles\n\n  Sloane Stephens def.  Madison Keys, 6\u20133, 6\u20130\n\nMen's doubles\n\n  Jean-Julien Rojer /  Horia Tec\u0103u def.  Feliciano L\u00f3pez /  Marc L\u00f3pez, 6\u20134, 6\u20133\n\nWomen's doubles\n\n  Chan Yung-jan /  Martina Hingis def.  Lucie Hradeck\u00e1 /  Kate\u0159ina Siniakov\u00e1, 6\u20133, 6\u20132\n\nMixed doubles\n\n  Martina Hingis /  Jamie Murray def.  Chan Hao-ching /  Michael Venus, 6\u20131, 4\u20136, [10\u20138]\n\nJunior boys' singles\n\n  Wu Yibing def.  Axel Geller, 6\u20134, 6\u20134\n\nJunior girls' singles\n\n  Amanda Anisimova def.  Coco Gauff, 6\u20130, 6\u20132\n\nJunior boys' doubles\n\n  Hsu Yu-hsiou /  Wu Yibing def.  Toru Horie /  Yuta Shimizu, 6\u20134, 5\u20137, [11\u20139]\n\nJunior girls' doubles\n\n  Olga Danilovi\u0107 /  Marta Kostyuk def.  Lea Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 /  Wang Xiyu, 6\u20131, 7\u20135\n\nMen's champions doubles\n\n  John McEnroe /  Patrick McEnroe def.  Pat Cash /  Henri Leconte, 6\u20132, 6\u20134\n\nWomen's champions doubles\n\n  Kim Clijsters /  Martina Navratilova def.  Lindsay Davenport /  Mary Joe Fern\u00e1ndez, 4\u20136, 6\u20132, [10\u20134]\n\nWheelchair men's singles\n\n  St\u00e9phane Houdet def.  Alfie Hewett, 6\u20132, 4\u20136, 6\u20133\n\nWheelchair women's singles\n\n  Yui Kamiji def.  Diede de Groot, 7\u20135, 6\u20132\n\nWheelchair quad singles\n\n  David Wagner def.  Andrew Lapthorne, 7\u20135, 3\u20136, 6\u20134\n\nWheelchair men's doubles\n\n  Alfie Hewett /  Gordon Reid def.  St\u00e9phane Houdet /  Nicolas Peifer, 7\u20135, 6\u20134\n\nWheelchair women's doubles\n\n  Marjolein Buis /  Diede de Groot def.  Dana Mathewson /  Aniek van Koot, 6\u20134, 6\u20133\n\nWheelchair quad doubles\n\n  Andrew Lapthorne /  David Wagner def.  Dylan Alcott /  Bryan Barten, 7\u20135, 6\u20132\n\nWild card entries\nThe following players were given wildcards to the main draw based on internal selection and recent performances.\n\nMen's doubles\n  William Blumberg /  Spencer Papa\n  Christopher Eubanks /  Christian Harrison\n  Taylor Fritz /  Reilly Opelka\n  Steve Johnson /  Tommy Paul\n  Vasil Kirkov /  Danny Thomas\n  Bradley Klahn /  Scott Lipsky\n  Austin Krajicek /  Jackson Withrow\n\nWomen's doubles\n  Kristie Ahn /  Irina Falconi\n  Amanda Anisimova /  Emina Bektas\n  Julia Boserup /  Nicole Gibbs\n  Jacqueline Cako /  Sachia Vickery\n  Kayla Day /  Caroline Dolehide\n  Francesca Di Lorenzo /  Allie Kiick\n  Taylor Johnson /  Claire Liu\n\nMixed doubles\n  Kristie Ahn /  Tennys Sandgren\n  Amanda Anisimova /  Christian Harrison\n  Jennifer Brady /  Bjorn Fratangelo\n  Louisa Chirico /  Bradley Klahn\n  Liezel Huber /  Danny Thomas\n  Sofia Kenin /  Michael Mmoh\n  Jamie Loeb /  Mitchell Krueger\n  Nicole Melichar /  Jackson Withrow\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n \n \n\n \n2017 ATP World Tour\n2017 in tennis\n2017 US Open (tennis)\n2017 WTA Tour\n2017\nAugust 2017 sports events in the United States\nSeptember 2017 sports events in the United States\n2017 in American tennis\n2017 in sports in New York City", "meta": {"title": "2017 US Open (tennis)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%20US%20Open%20%28tennis%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Black Hawk is een plaats (city) in de Amerikaanse staat Colorado, en valt bestuurlijk gezien onder Gilpin County.\n\nDemografie\nBij de volkstelling in 2000 werd het aantal inwoners vastgesteld op 118.\nIn 2006 is het aantal inwoners door het United States Census Bureau geschat op 107, een daling van 11 (-9,3%).\n\nGeografie\nVolgens het United States Census Bureau beslaat de plaats een oppervlakte van\n3,8\u00a0km\u00b2, geheel bestaande uit land. Black Hawk ligt op ongeveer 2602\u00a0m boven zeeniveau.\n\nPlaatsen in de nabije omgeving\nDe onderstaande figuur toont nabijgelegen plaatsen in een straal van 20\u00a0km rond Black Hawk.\n\nExterne link \n \n\nPlaats in Colorado", "meta": {"title": "Black Hawk (Colorado)", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Hawk%20%28Colorado%29", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Anhelli is a prose poem written by Polish Romantic-era poet and dramatist Juliusz S\u0142owacki in 1837 and published the following year in Paris.\n\nHistory\nThe poem was written in the spring of 1837 in an Armenian monastery known as Betcheszban (Resting Place of the Dead) in the mountains of Lebanon. S\u0142owacki wrote that he created the poem \"full of those feelings and thoughts, which were freshly inspired in me by the Holy Land and a night spent by the tomb of Jesus\".  The poem was edited in Florence and published in Paris in 1838 in the Polish Library and Printing Press located at Marais Saint-Germain No 17. The print on the 108 pages of the poem was produced by Bourgogne et Martinet printing house. S\u0142owacki dedicated his work to Stefan Ho\u0142y\u0144ski.\n\nThe poem conveys a pessimistic vision of the future of Polish emigration and the fight for the country's independence. It directly alludes to Adam Mickiewicz's Books of the Polish Nation and Polish Pilgrimage by employing stylized biblical prose. It portrays antagonized Polish exiles who are destined for destruction in the realities of Siberia, a place strongly associated with the martyrology of the Polish nation. It sends a messianistic message and poses the question whether the whole nation can ever be saved by an individual or an entire generation of emigrants.\n\nAnhelli served as inspiration for the symphonic poem of the same name by Ludomir R\u00f3\u017cycki composed in 1909. The poem is also the basis of Anhelli. The Calling, the last part of a theatrical triptych Gospels of Childhood produced by Wroc\u0142aw-based ZAR Theatre.\n\nPlot\nThe main plot of the work revolves around the journey through Siberia undertaken by the titular character, a youth named Anhelli, and his guide Shaman, leader of a Siberian tribe. Anhelli was chosen by Shaman from Polish exiles as the redeemer because of his \"purity and sinlessness\" and he was to be subjected to an initiation by taking part in a journey to see the suffering of the nation. Siberia is portrayed in S\u0142owacki's poem as \"white hell\" for Polish exiles, a place of execution and spiritual downfall. The main characters wander through various places from deserts and abandoned graveyards through forests to the dark mines of Siberia. Their journey is reminiscent of Dante's journey through hell where the main protagonist, accompanied by Virgil, crosses the circles of hell meeting the damned along the way. Polish exiles are depicted as travelling across a deserted, hostile and hellish country, working hard in mines, suffering in cold dungeons with shackles on their legs and enduring beatings and humiliation. Their children are starving and are subjected to forced Russification.\n\nAnhelli and Shaman's journey starts from the House of Exiles and was supposed to end there as well. However, Shaman's death resulting from a fight among the exiles forces Anhelli to embark on another journey to a faraway desert in the north where he dwells in a hut carved out from ice. Upon the death of Ellenai, a penitent and Anhelli's exiled companion, he is visited by two angels heralding the end of the world as well as his own death. Soon after, he also passes away and is not awakened by the call of the armoured Knight to resurrect and take revenge on the oppressors.\n\nGallery\n\nSee also\nPolish poets\nThree Bards\nKordian\n\nReferences\n\n1837 poems\nPolish poems\nWorks by Juliusz S\u0142owacki\nWorks set in Siberia", "meta": {"title": "Anhelli", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anhelli", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Daniel O\u2019Connell Griffin (born 15 July 1967) is an American infectious disease specialist. He is president of the nonprofit organization Parasites Without Borders.\n\nCo-director of Life Science podcast network Microbe.TV, Griffin broadcasts a weekly COVID Clinical Update as part of This Week in Virology (TWiV) podcasts.\n\nGriffin co-authored the textbook Parasitic Diseases (7th edition 2019), available in more than 100 countries. In 2017, he published the paper Human B1 cells in umbilical cord and adult peripheral blood express the novel phenotype CD20+CD27+CD43+CD70 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine. He is senior fellow in infectious disease at United Health Group, Instructor in Clinical Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, and Infectious Disease Clinician Chief, Pro Health Care.\n\nEducation \nGriffin earned his BA in Philosophy from the University of Colorado Boulder in 1989. He received his MD degree from New York University School of Medicine and completed an internal medicine residency at the University of Utah. He completed a PhD in Molecular medicine from the Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York in 2012. In 2014, he completed a fellowship in infectious diseases from North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System-Hofstra University in Manhasset.\n\nResearch and career \nGriffin's work includes investigating the potential role of human B1 cells and natural antibodies in the development of HIV-associated malignancies. He has a special focus on HIV and tropical medicine. His research interests are broad and include studies on infectious disease and immunology, molecular medicine, and tropical medicine. As of 2021, his research focused on HIV-1, stem cell latency, stem cell gene therapy using retroviral vectors, and COVID-19.\n\nGriffin has volunteered with the nonprofit Foundation for International Medical Relief of Children, including conducting mandatory health education sessions for its staff. He joined the biomedical research community of the Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University. He is an associate research scientist in Columbia's Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, instructor of clinical medicine, and a member of the division of infectious diseases.\n\nScience communication \nGriffin co-authored at least two editions of a textbox on parasitology, Parasitic Diseases, with Dickson Despommier. The two men decided to found the nonprofit organization Parasites Without Borders to disseminate clinical information about parasitic disease, including the textbook. As of June 2021, 40,000 copies had been distributed to over 100 countries.\n\nSince episode 80 of the monthly podcast This Week in Parasitism (TWiP), Griffin has been its co-host with Racaniello and Despommier.\n\nIn early March 2020 as the COVID-19 pandemic began to seriously affect the New York City area, Griffin began providing clinical updates about the virus based on his practice and correspondence with medical colleagues around the world on another podcast hosted by Racaniello, This Week in Virology (TWiV). Eventually the popularity of the clinical updates resulted in Racaniello publishing them in standalone episodes of TWiV. As of May 2022, Griffin had provided 112 such clinical updates on TWiV.\n\nAffiliations \nGriffin is a member in the following scientific societies or associations:\n American Society for Microbiology (ASM) \n American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)\n Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)\n American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH)\n International Society for Travel Medicine (ISTM)\n American Society of Parasitologists (ASP)\n\nPatents\n Human B1 cells and uses thereof.\n\nAwards\n Ruth and Leonard Litwin Fellowship Award in 2011 \n Davies Award in 2006 (An international award given by HIMSS, the largest health IT organization in the world)\n\nSelected publications\nHuman B1 cells in umbilical cord and adult peripheral blood express the novel phenotype CD20+CD27+CD43+CD70\u2212 \nIdentifying Optimal COVID-19 Testing Strategies for School and Businesses: Balancing testing frequency, individual test technology, and cost \nHuman B-1 cells take the stage \nA small CD11b+ human B1 cell subpopulation stimulates T cells and is expanded in lupus.\nHuman \u201corchestrator\u201d CD11b+ B1 cells spontaneously secrete interleukin-10 and regulate T-cell activity.\nHuman B1 cell frequency: isolation and analysis of human B1 cells \nHuman B1 cells are CD3\u2212: A reply to \u201cA human equivalent of mouse B-1 cells?\u201d and \u201cThe nature of circulating CD27+CD43+ B cells\u201d\n\nExternal links \n Parasites Without Borders\n Google Scholar - Daniel O'Connell Griffin\n\nReferences \n\nLiving people\nAmerican immunologists\nAmerican physicians\nAmerican writers\n1967 births\nNew York University Grossman School of Medicine alumni\nUniversity of Colorado alumni\nAmerican podcasters", "meta": {"title": "Daniel O. Griffin", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20O.%20Griffin", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bulolia ocellata \u00e4r en spindelart som beskrevs av Zabka 1996. Bulolia ocellata ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Bulolia och familjen hoppspindlar. Inga underarter finns listade.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nHoppspindlar\nocellata", "meta": {"title": "Bulolia ocellata", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulolia%20ocellata", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Layachi Hamidouche est un artiste plasticien alg\u00e9rien n\u00e9 le  \u00e0 Annaba, Alg\u00e9rie.\n\nBiographie \nD\u00e8s son plus jeune \u00e2ge, Layachi manifeste des pr\u00e9dispositions pour le dessin ; en 1965, il obtient le baccalaur\u00e9at et fr\u00e9quente la classe pr\u00e9paratoire de math\u00e9matiques sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 Alger (1965-1966 ) ; dans son entourage familial, on le pr\u00e9destinait \u00e0 des \u00e9tudes sup\u00e9rieures. Mais l'univers de r\u00eave propre au dessin et \u00e0 la peinture en d\u00e9cida autrement. D\u00e8s , il commence sa carri\u00e8re d'enseignant de math\u00e9matiques et il se consacrera \u00e0 l'enseignement et \u00e0 ... la peinture.\n\nSon inscription au cours de peinture (1968-1969) \u00e0 l'\u00c9cole Universelle par correspondance de Paris lui permet de parfaire ses connaissances artistiques. Les grands ma\u00eetres du clair obscur le fascinent. Les premi\u00e8res \u0153uvres s'en inspireront. Au fil du temps et de la pratique, son style propre va prendre forme : une perp\u00e9tuelle oscillation entre un symbolisme et un surr\u00e9alismequi se c\u00f4toient ou s'alternent et souvent se compl\u00e8tent .\n\nLa pratique du jeu d'\u00e9checs interf\u00e8re dans son \u0153uvre picturale. Les pi\u00e8ces du jeu, les \u00e9chiquiers, les pendules, les noms de variantes et de positions apparaissent et accompagnent longuement son cheminement pictural. Au-del\u00e0 des r\u00e8gles imperturbables qui r\u00e9gissent le jeu, les \u0153uvres peintes durant cette p\u00e9riode semblent mettre en \u00e9vidence l'existence d'une sorte de m\u00e9canisme myst\u00e9rieux qu'il extrapole dans le domaine de la peinture. Cette d\u00e9marche d'ordre philosophique est probablement un questionnement m\u00e9taphysique. Le temps qui passe, facteur essentiel du jeu, symbolis\u00e9 par des pendules, est aussi le c\u00f4t\u00e9 le plus \u00e9nigmatique de la condition humaine.\n\nL'autre source d'inspiration qui influen\u00e7a sa peinture est, sans aucun doute, la mati\u00e8re qu'il enseigna .La rigueur dans la construction de l'\u0153uvre, l'agencement pr\u00e9cis des \u00e9l\u00e9ments du tableau en sont la manifestation la plus \u00e9vidente . Malgr\u00e9 la densit\u00e9 de certaines \u0153uvres, chaque personnage, chaque objet, chaque \u00e9l\u00e9ment du d\u00e9cor semble avoir une pr\u00e9sence indispensable .\n\nIl re\u00e7oit l'hommage de l'Office pour la Culture de la ville d'Annaba en .\n\nLa rencontre avec la peinture num\u00e9rique se fait en 1999. Les possibilit\u00e9s prodigieuses qu'offre l'ordinateur dans le domaine de la cr\u00e9ation de formes et de manipulations de textures le subjuguent. Le peintre entre de plain-pied dans ce nouveau domaine de l'art contemporain : l'art digital ou num\u00e9rique . Ses travaux s'orientent vers le mixage des techniques num\u00e9riques et traditionnelles . L'une des \u0153uvres les plus repr\u00e9sentatives de cette p\u00e9riode est celle qu'il con\u00e7ut pour la participation de son pays \u00e0 2010-FineArt en Afrique du Sud en 2010. C'est Hocine Ziani qui eut la responsabilit\u00e9 de constituer le groupe des cinq peintres alg\u00e9riens pour le 2010-Fine Art : Hocine Ziani , Layachi Hamidouche , Noureddine Zekara , Rachid Djema\u00ef et Tahar Ouamane.\n\n2007 fut l'ann\u00e9e des premi\u00e8res expositions de Layachi sur Second Life . D\u00e8s ses premi\u00e8res visites dans ce monde , il remarque ses multiples dimensions. Les avatars qui y \u00e9voluent ont une relation sans \u00e9quivoque avec le monde r\u00e9el . Le peintre a rapidement constat\u00e9 que Second Life , consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un univers virtuel, emprunte cependant \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 tous les rituels qui lui sont sp\u00e9cifiques .Il s'ensuit une longue s\u00e9rie d'expositions.\n\nEn 2007, l'\u00e9mission \u00ab Une toile, un peintre \u00bb, diffus\u00e9e \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision alg\u00e9rienne et anim\u00e9e par Mohamed Boukerche, est consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 Layachi Hamidouche.\n\nL'\u0153uvre du peintre est impr\u00e9gn\u00e9e de son obsession  de comprendre la relation entre l'homme et l'univers , et , de son impuissance \u00e0 trouver des r\u00e9ponses aux questions qui le poursuivent  depuis des mill\u00e9naires . Les \u0153uvres de Layachi sont comme des regards furtifs vers cet oc\u00e9an immense qui est l'int\u00e9rieur de l'\u00e2me . Sa d\u00e9marche n'est pas fond\u00e9e sur un raisonnement , elle est essentiellement subjective et proche du r\u00eave . Il  semble avoir entrepris son voyage dans la peinture , le domaine du langage  des formes et des couleurs , afin d'apporter sa modeste contribution \u00e0 la qu\u00eate sans fin et peut-\u00eatre sans espoir du chemin qui conduira les hommes \u00e0 entrevoir une infime parcelle de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 au-del\u00e0 du voile qui la recouvre . En face de certaines de ses \u0153uvres  , on devine cette invitation \u00e0 l'accompagner , le temps d'un regard .\n\nExpositions\n\nExpositions individuelles \n Th\u00e9\u00e2tre R\u00e9gional - Annaba,  ;\n Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ; \n Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n Cercle de la culture et des arts - Annaba,  ;\n Cin\u00e9math\u00e8que - Annaba, mai- ;\n Th\u00e9\u00e2tre R\u00e9gional - Annaba,  ;\n Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n H\u00f4tel Seybouse International, Annaba,  ;\n Th\u00e9\u00e2tre R\u00e9gional - Annaba, .\n\nExpositions collectives \n Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n Mois des arts plastiques \u00e0 la Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n Mois des arts plastiques \u00e0 la Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n Mois des arts plastiques \u00e0 la Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n Mois des arts plastiques \u00e0 la Maison de la culture - Annaba,  ;\n  Salon National des Arts plastiques au Th\u00e9\u00e2tre R\u00e9gional - Annaba,  ; \n Th\u00e9\u00e2tre R\u00e9gional - Annaba,  ;\n  Salon National des Arts plastiques \u00e0 la Maison de la Culture - Annaba,  ; \n Alger, Capitale de la culture arabe \u00e0 la Cit\u00e9 des Arts et des Sciences - Alger,  ; \n Semaine culturelle de la ville de Annaba au Complexe culturel - Bordj Bou-Arreridj,  ; \n  Salon National des Arts plastiques \u00e0 la Maison de la Culture - Annaba,  ; \n Rencontre Maghr\u00e9bine des Arts Plastiques - Tunisie-Libye-Maroc-Mauritanie-France-Alg\u00e9rie \u00e0 la Maison de la Culture - Annaba,  ;\n 2010 Fine Art - Melrose Arch - Johannesburg (Afrique du Sud), avril- ; \n Rencontre Maghr\u00e9bine des Arts Plastiques - Maison de la Culture - Annaba , .\n Exposition Nationale des Arts Plastiques - Maison de la culture - Annaba ''',\n\nExpositions sur Second Life \n 2007-2015. Exposition virtuelle permanente sur le site internet de l'artiste.\n\nPour en savoir plus\n\nBibliographie \n .\n .\n\nArticles connexes \nPeinture alg\u00e9rienne contemporaine\nPeinture num\u00e9rique\nMus\u00e9e national des beaux-arts d'Alger\n\nLiens externes \nLe site de Layachi Hamidouche\nParc des Arts \nAlg\u00e9rie Confluences , Histoire de l\u2019art pictural alg\u00e9rien : La figuration contemporaine \nDjazairess , La peinture alg\u00e9rienne, t\u00e9moin de l'histoire\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nNotes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nPeintre alg\u00e9rien\nArtiste contemporain alg\u00e9rien", "meta": {"title": "Layachi Hamidouche", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layachi%20Hamidouche", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mulia Jaya is een bestuurslaag in het regentschap Bungo van de provincie Jambi, Indonesi\u00eb. Mulia Jaya telt 1607 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).\n\nPlaats in Jambi", "meta": {"title": "Mulia Jaya", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulia%20Jaya", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ultrafiltrering \u00e4r en kolloidkemisk separationsmetod som inneb\u00e4r att man skiljer kolloidala partiklar fr\u00e5n varandra eller fr\u00e5n dispergeringsmedlet med filtrering genom speciella, mycket finporiga membran. Beroende p\u00e5 porernas kaliber kan kolloidala partiklar \u00f6ver en viss storlek h\u00e5llas kvar i membranet, medan mindre kolloidalpartiklar, dispergeringsmedlet och d\u00e4ri l\u00f6sta \u00e4mnen passerar obehindrat.\n\nUltrafilter \u00e4r mindre genomsl\u00e4ppliga \u00e4n mikrofilter, men mer genomsl\u00e4ppliga \u00e4n nanofilter och omv\u00e4nd osmos. Ultrafilter avskiljer bl.a. bakterier, sm\u00e5 kolloider och virus, och har en porstorlek p\u00e5 ungef\u00e4r 0,01 - 0,1 \u00b5m. Membranens genomsl\u00e4pplighet kan anges som Molecular Weight Cutoff (MWCO) i enheten Dalton (Da). F\u00f6r ultrafilter \u00e4r MWCO ungef\u00e4r 1000 Da - 500 000 Da.\n\nPrinciper\nGrundprincipen f\u00f6r ultrafiltrering \u00e4r en tryckinducerad separation av l\u00f6sta \u00e4mnen fr\u00e5n l\u00f6sningsmedel genom ett semipermeabelt membran. F\u00f6rh\u00e5llandet mellan det p\u00e5lagda trycket p\u00e5 l\u00f6sningen som skall separeras och fl\u00f6det genom membranet beskrivs ofta av Darcy-ekvationen:\n\nd\u00e4r J \u00e4r fl\u00f6det (fl\u00f6deshastighet per membranarea), TMP \u00e4r transmembrantrycket (tryckskillnad mellan tillf\u00f6rsel- och permeatstr\u00f6mmen), \u03bc \u00e4r l\u00f6sningens\nmedelviskositet, och R t \u00e4r det totala motst\u00e5ndet (summan av membran- och nedsmutsningsmotst\u00e5nd).\n\nAnv\u00e4ndning\nIndustrier som kemisk och farmaceutisk tillverkning, behandling av mat och dryck samt rening av avloppsvatten anv\u00e4nder ultrafiltrering f\u00f6r att \u00e5tervinna fl\u00f6den och/eller h\u00f6ja v\u00e4rdet p\u00e5 senare produkter. \u00c4ven bloddialys utnyttjar ultrafiltrering.\n\nDricksvatten\n\nUltrafiltrering kan anv\u00e4ndas f\u00f6r att avl\u00e4gsna partiklar och makromolekyler fr\u00e5n r\u00e5vatten f\u00f6r att producera drickbart vatten. Metoden har anv\u00e4nts b\u00e5de f\u00f6r att ers\u00e4tta sekund\u00e4r (koagulering, flockning, sedimentering) och terti\u00e4r filtrering (sandfiltrering och klorering) i vattenreningsverk, och som frist\u00e5ende system i isolerade omr\u00e5den med v\u00e4xande befolkning. Vid behandling av vatten med h\u00f6ggradigt suspenderade \u00e4mnen \u00e4r ultrafiltrering ofta integrerad i processen som d\u00e5 utnyttjar prim\u00e4r (screening, flotation, filtrering) och n\u00e5gon sekund\u00e4r behandling som f\u00f6rbehandlingssteg. Ultrafiltrering anv\u00e4nds fr\u00e4mst av f\u00f6ljande sk\u00e4l:\n\n Inga kemikalier kr\u00e4vs (f\u00f6rutom f\u00f6r regelbunden tv\u00e4tt av membranen) \n Konstant produktkvalitet oavsett infl\u00f6dets kvalitet\n Kompakt apparatstorlek\n Kapabel att \u00f6verskrida reglerande normer f\u00f6r vattenkvalitet och uppn\u00e5 90-100 % borttagning av patogener\n\nProteinkoncentration\nUltrafiltrering anv\u00e4nds i mejeriindustrin och s\u00e4rskilt vid bearbetning av ostvassle f\u00f6r att erh\u00e5lla vassleproteinkoncentrat (WPC) och laktosrikt permeat. I ett enda steg kan ultrafiltrering koncentrera vasslen 10-30 g\u00e5nger. \n \nTidigare alternativ till membranfiltrering av vassle var anv\u00e4ndning av \u00e5nguppv\u00e4rmning f\u00f6ljd av trumtorkning eller spraytorkning. Produkten fr\u00e5n dessa metoder hade begr\u00e4nsade till\u00e4mpningar p\u00e5 grund av sin granulerade konsistens och ol\u00f6slighet. Befintliga metoder medf\u00f6rde ocks\u00e5 inkonsekvent produktsammans\u00e4ttning, hade h\u00f6ga kapital- och driftkostnader och medf\u00f6rde p\u00e5 grund av den h\u00f6ga v\u00e4rmen som anv\u00e4nds vid torkning, ofta till denaturering av en del av proteinerna.\n\nAndra till\u00e4mpningar\n Filtrering av avloppsvatten vid pappersmassatillverkning\n Rening av avloppsvatten, exempelvis i processen som kallas Membranbioreaktor (MBR)\n Osttillverkning \n Borttagning av patogener fr\u00e5n mj\u00f6lk\n \u00c5tervinning av enzym\n Koncentration och klarning av fruktjuice\n Dialys och annan blodbehandling\n Avsaltning och l\u00f6sningsmedelsbyte f\u00f6r proteiner (via diafiltrering)\n Laboratoriekvalitetstillverkning\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nBra B\u00f6ckers lexikon, 1980.\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar\nhttp://www.mtfd.se/media/3051/Membranteknik.pdf\nhttp://www.foodandnutrition.lth.se/fileadmin/foodnutrition/Utbildning/BLT010/Delprov0403/Ultrafiltrering_gr_A.pdf\n\nFiltrering", "meta": {"title": "Ultrafiltrering", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrafiltrering", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0434 \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0443 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437 2011. \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 13 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 1133 \u043c.\n\n\u041f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \n \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0435\n \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0438\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \n \n \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u041d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0434 (\u0414\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%28%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%90%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Coroni\u021ba de Advent (\u00een ) este o coroan\u0103 din ramuri de brad, prev\u0103zut\u0103 cu patru lum\u00e2n\u0103ri, care sunt aprinse succesiv \u00een cele patru duminici din timpul Adventului (timpul dinaintea Cr\u0103ciunului). Obiceiul provine din Biserica Evanghelic\u0103 \u0219i a fost preluat \u00een Biserica Catolic\u0103 din spa\u021biul de limb\u0103 german\u0103 \u0219i din restul spa\u021biului central-european.\n\nVezi \u0219i \n Advent\n Cr\u0103ciun\n Weihnachten\n\nLeg\u0103turi externe \n\n Coroana de Advent -  Familia cre\u0219tin\u0103\" - 04/2005 \n Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland - Urspr\u00fcnglich 28 Kerzen: vier wei\u00dfe und 24 rote\n Ce este Adventul si de ce este cea mai frumoasa perioada din an \n\nPractici cre\u0219tine", "meta": {"title": "Coroni\u021b\u0103 de Advent", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroni%C8%9B%C4%83%20de%20Advent", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Andrew Rayel (ur. 21 lipca 1992 w Kiszyniowie) \u2013 mo\u0142dawski DJ i producent muzyki trance. Student wychowania fizycznego. W plebiscycie DJ Mag Top 100 na rok 2013 zosta\u0142 sklasyfikowany na 28 miejscu.\n\n\u017byciorys \nAndrew Rayel w wieku 13 lat zacz\u0105\u0142 produkowa\u0107 swoje pierwsze utwory. Inspirowa\u0142 si\u0119 tw\u00f3rczo\u015bci\u0105 Tiesto i Armina van Buurena. Zadebiutowa\u0142 w 2010 roku utworem \"Always In Your Dreams\". Jednak produkcja ta przesz\u0142a niemal niezauwa\u017cona, mimo swojej premiery w Ti\u00ebsto's Club Life. Rok 2011 okaza\u0142 si\u0119 prze\u0142omowy. Utw\u00f3r \"Aether\" zosta\u0142 wydany na kompilacji A State of Trance 2011, otwieraj\u0105c drog\u0119 ku karierze m\u0142odemu producentowi. Kolejny singiel \"550 Senta\" okaza\u0142 si\u0119 wielkim sukcesem. Armin van Buuren umie\u015bci\u0142 go na swojej kompilacji A State of Trance 2012. Z kolei jesieni\u0105 \"How Do I Know\" i \"Aeon of Revenge\" znalaz\u0142y si\u0119 na ekskluzywnej kompilacji Universal Religion Chapter 6.\nOgromne zainteresowanie produkcjami Rayela pozwoli\u0142o mu zadebiutowa\u0107 w presti\u017cowym zestawieniu DJ MAG Top 100 DJs na 77 miejscu.\nPonadto w zestawieniu dwudziestu najpopularniejszych utwor\u00f3w 2012 roku wed\u0142ug s\u0142uchaczy A State of Trance znalaz\u0142y si\u0119 a\u017c cztery produkcje Andrew Rayela, czyni\u0105c go odkryciem roku.\n\nAndrew pod koniec maja wyda\u0142 sw\u00f3j debiutancki album \"Find Your Harmony\".\n\nBibliografia \n http://andrewrayel.com/pages/5.jsp\n\nDyskografia\n\nAlbumy \n2014 Find Your Harmony\n\n2017 Moments\n\nKompilacje \n2013 Mystery of Aether\n\n2015 Find Your Harmony 2015\n\nSingle \n2011 Aether\n\n2011 Opera\n\n2011 Drapchi / Deflageration\n\n2011 550 Senta / Believe\n\n2012 Aeon of Revenge / Source Code\n\n2012 How Do I Know (feat. Jano)\n\n2012 Coriolis / Exponential\n\n2013 Musa / Zeus\n\n2013 Sacramentum (with Bobina)\n\n2013 We Are Not Afraid Of 138 (with Alexandre Bergheau)\n\n2013 Until the End (with Jwaydan)\n\n2013 Dark Warrior\n\n2014 EIFORYA (with Armin van Buuren)\n\n2014 Goodbye (feat. Alexandra Badoi)\n\n2014 One In A Million (feat. Jonathan Mendelsohn)\n\n2015 Miracles (feat. Christian Burns)\n\n2015 We Bring The Love (feat. Sylvia Tosun)\n\n2015 Daylight (feat. Jonny Rose)\n\n2015 Chased (with Mark Sixma)\n\n2015 Mimesis (with Alexander Popov)\n\n2016 Winterburn (with Digital X feat. Sylvia Tosun)\n\n2016 Once In A Lifetime Love (feat. Kristina Antuna)\n\n2016 Epiphany\n\n2016 All Systems Down (with KhoMha)\n\n2016 Take It All (with Jochen Miller feat. Hansen Tomas)\n\n2017 I'll Be There (feat. Eric Lumiere)\n\n2017 Connected (with ATB)\n\n2017 Tacadum\n\n2017 My Reflection (feat. Emma Hewitt)\n\n2017 Lighthouse (feat. Christina Novelli)\n\n2017 Heavy Love (& Max Vangeli feat. Kye Sones)\n\n2017 Never Let Me Go (feat. Angelika Vee)\n\n2017 Home (feat. Jonathan Mendelsohn)\n\n2017 Mass Effect\n\n2017 Soul On The Run (& Bogdan Vix & KeyPlayer feat. Roxana Constantin)\n\n2018 Horizon (feat. Lola Blanc)\n\n2018 Tambores (& Graham Bell)\n\n2018 Trance Reborn (Find Your Harmony 100 Anthem) (& David Gravell)\n\n2018 Dark Resistance\n\n2018 In The Dark (feat. Haliene)\n\n2018 New Dawn (& Corti Organ and Max Cameron)\n\n2018 Last Summer (& Garibay feat. Jake Torrey)\n\n2019 The Melody (& NWYR)\n\n2019 Originem (Find Your Harmony 150 Anthem)\n\n2019 Take All Of Me (feat. Haliene)\n\n2019 Kick, Bass & Trance (& Chukiess & Whackboi)\n\nRemiksy \n2011 Karybde & Scilla \u2013 Tokyo \n\n2011 Ruben de Ronde \u2013 Timide \n\n2011 Faruk Sabanci \u2013 Maidens Tower 2011 \n\n2011 W&W vs Jonas Stenberg \u2013 Alligator Fuckhouse\n\n2011 Ti\u00ebsto feat. Kay \u2013 Work Hard, Play Hard\n\n2012  Luke Terry \u2013 Tales From The Forest \n\n2012  Craig Connelly \u2013 Robot Wars\n\n2012  Roger Shah feat. Carla Werner \u2013 One Love\n\n2012  Fabio XB & Wach vs. Roman Sokolovsky \u2013 Eternal \n\n2012  Fady & Mina \u2013 Kepler 22 \n\n2012  Bobina \u2013 The Space Track \n\n2012  Tenishia \u2013 Where Do We Begin \n\n2012  Armin van Buuren feat. Jan Vayne \u2013 Serenity \n\n2013  Armin van Buuren & Markus Schulz \u2013 The Expedition (ASOT 600 Anthem)\n\n2013  Andy Moor & Betsie Larkin \u2013 Love Again \n\n2013  Kyau & Albert \u2013 All Your Colours\n\n2013  Zedd feat. Foxes \u2013 Clarity\n\n2013  Jamaster A feat. Bi Bi Zhou- I Miss You Missing Me\n\n2013  Dash Berlin feat. Sarah Howells \u2013 Go It Alone\n\n2013  Alex M.O.R.P.H. feat. Silvia Tosun \u2013 An Angel's Love\n\n2013  Faithless \u2013 Insomnia\n\n2013  Armin van Buuren feat. Miri Ben-Ari \u2013 Intense\n\n2014  Hardwell feat. Matthew Koma \u2013 Dare You \n\n2014 Dash Berlin \u2013 Till The Sky Falls Down\n\n2014  Ivan Gough & Feenixpawl feat. Georgi Kai \u2013 In My Mind\n\n2014 Sick Individuals \u2013 Wasting Moonlight\n\n2015 Armin van Buuren \u2013 Save My Night\n\n2015 Cosmic Gate feat. Kristina Antuna \u2013 Alone\n\n2015 Tommy Trash feat. JHart \u2013 Wake The Giant\n\n2015 Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike feat. Ne-Yo \u2013 Higher Place\n\n2016 Armin van Buuren feat. Eric Vloeimans \u2013 Embrace\n\n2016 Armin van Buuren pres. Rising Star feat. Betsie Larkin \u2013 Again\n\n2016 The Chainsmokers feat. Halsey \u2013 Closer\n\n2017 Armin van Buuren & Garibay feat. Olaf Blackwood \u2013 I Need You\n\n2017 Mark Sixma & Emma Hewitt \u2013 Missing (Mark Sixma & Andrew Rayel Remix)\n\n2018 Andrew Rayel \u2013 Let It Be Forever (Andrew Rayel & DRYM Remix)\n\n2018 Andrew Rayel \u2013 Moments (Andrew Rayel & Alexander Popov Remix)\n\n2018 Andrew Rayel & Garibay feat. Jake Torrey \u2013 Last Summer (Andrew Rayel & DRYM Club Mix)\n\n2018 Andrew Rayel feat. Lola Blanc \u2013 Horizon (Aether Mix)\n\n2019 Armin van Buuren \u2013 Lifting You Higher (ASOT 900 Anthem)\n\n2019 The Chainsmokers & Illenium feat. Lennon Stella \u2013 Takeaway\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n Oficjalna strona Andrew Rayela \n\nDid\u017ceje\nMo\u0142dawscy muzycy\nTrance\nLudzie urodzeni w Kiszyniowie\nUrodzeni w 1992", "meta": {"title": "Andrew Rayel", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Rayel", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Protapanteles pyrogrammae \u00e4r en stekelart som f\u00f6rst beskrevs av Nixon 1965.  Protapanteles pyrogrammae ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Protapanteles och familjen bracksteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nBracksteklar\npyrogrammae", "meta": {"title": "Protapanteles pyrogrammae", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protapanteles%20pyrogrammae", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0418\u043b\u044c\u0438\u0447 \u041c\u0443\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432 (\u0440\u043e\u0434. , , \u0411\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0410\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u0420\u0421\u0424\u0421\u0420, \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420)\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0451\u0440 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440 \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438.\n\n\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 1986 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0423\u0444\u0435. \u0422\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u041f\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u042f\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435\u0432.\n \u0411\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0451\u0440 \u0417\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440 1998 \u0432 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0442\u0435.\n \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0451\u0440 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430-1995 \u0432 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435. \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430 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\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b.\n\n\u041f\u043e \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 1996-1997 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 5 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0435 \u041a\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b 2-\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u0420\u0438\u043a\u043a\u043e \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u043e\u043c.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043d 1997\u20141998 \n\n7 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b 3-\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0435 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bgcolor=\"lightsteelblue\"\n|colspan=2|1997/98\n|colspan=2| \u041b\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\n|colspan=3| \u042d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0443\u043d\u0434\n|colspan=3| \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0442\u0438\n|colspan=3| \u0420\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433\n|colspan=3| \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\n|colspan=3| \u041e\u0418 \u041d\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\n|colspan=4| \u041f\u043e\u043a\u043b\u044e\u043a\u0430\n|colspan=3| 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\u042d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0443\u043d\u0434\n|colspan=3| \u0425\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043d\n|colspan=3| \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\n|colspan=2| \u041e\u0441\u0440\u0431\u043b\u044c\u0435\n|colspan=4| \u0427\u041c \u0420\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433|colspan=3| \u041f\u043e\u043a\u043b\u044e\u043a\u0430\n|colspan=3| \u0425\u043e\u0445\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435\u043d\n\n|-bgcolor=\"#cccccc\" align=\"center\"\n|\u041e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432||\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u041a\u043e\u043c||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|- align=\"center\"\n|?||19\n|bgcolor=\"#cc9966\"|3||27||bgcolor=\"gold\"|1|71||10||bgcolor=\"gold\"|1|8||21||\u2014\n|\u2014||\u2014\n|12||bgcolor=\"silver\"|2||\u2014||\u2014\n|8||76||bgcolor=\"gold\"|1|45||36||\u2014\n\n|-align=\"center\" bgcolor=\"lightsteelblue\"\n|colspan=2|1994/95\n|colspan=3| \u0411\u0430\u0434 \u0413\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\n|colspan=3| \u0411\u0430\u0434 \u0413\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\n|colspan=3| \u041e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0444\n|colspan=3| \u0420\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433\n|colspan=4| \u0427\u041c \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0430\n|colspan=3| \u041b\u0430\u0445\u0442\u0438\n|colspan=3| \u041b\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\n\n|-bgcolor=\"#cccccc\" align=\"center\"\n|\u041e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432||\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u041a\u043e\u043c\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u041a\u043e\u043c||\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|- align=\"center\"\n|?||13\n|16||39||\u2014\n|16||9||bgcolor=\"gold\"|1\n|50||7||4\n|28||5||4\n|\u2014||22||bgcolor=\"silver\"|2||8\n|23||36||\u2014\n|\u2014||13||\u2014\n\n|-align=\"center\" bgcolor=\"lightsteelblue\"\n|colspan=2|'1993/94 \n|colspan=3| \u0411\u0430\u0434 \u0413\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\n|colspan=3| \u041f\u043e\u043a\u043b\u044e\u043a\u0430\n|colspan=3| \u0420\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433\n|colspan=3| \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\n|colspan=3| \u041e\u0418 \u041b\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\n|colspan=3| \u0425\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d\n|colspan=4| \u041a\u0435\u043d\u043c\u043e\u0440\n|-bgcolor=\"#cccccc\"\n|\u041e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432||\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n||\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u042d\u0441\u0442\n|\u042d\u0441\u0442||\u0418\u043d\u0434||\u0421\u043f\u0440||\u041a\u043e\u043c\n|- align=\"center\"\n|?||?\n|56||63||5\n|\u2014||25||\u2014\n|\u2014||\u2014||\u2014\n|\u2014||\u2014||\u2014\n|\u2014||\u2014||\u2014\n|\u2014||\u2014||\u2014\n|\u2014||\u2014||\u2014||\u2014\n|}\n\n\u0412 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 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.\n\n\u0421 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e 2012 \u0433\u043e\u0434 - \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044c\u044e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0411\u0430\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d.\n\n\u0421 2012 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434 - \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0411\u0430\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d.\n\n\u0421 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 - \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 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\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0451\u0440\u044b \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440 1998 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0411\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445 1998 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u0443\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0418\u043b\u044c\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C%20%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%20%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'ann\u00e9e 2096 est une ann\u00e9e bissextile qui commence un dimanche.\nC'est la  de\u00a0notre \u00e8re, la\u00a0 du\u00a0\u00a0et du\u00a0\u00a0et la\u00a0 de la\u00a0d\u00e9cennie 2090-2099.\n\nAutres calendriers \n Calendrier h\u00e9bra\u00efque : 5856 / 5857\n Calendrier indien : 2017 / 2018\n Calendrier musulman : 1516 / 1517\n Calendrier persan : 1474 / 1475\n\n\u00c9v\u00e9nements pr\u00e9visibles \n\n Le mardi 13 mars, l'ast\u00e9ro\u00efde 1994 ES1 (d'un diam\u00e8tre de 28,5 m\u00e8tres) devrait passer \u00e0 7,70 millions de km de la Terre.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nAnn\u00e9es 2090", "meta": {"title": "2096", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2096", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "China Passage is a 1937 American mystery film directed by Edward Killy from a screenplay by Edmund L. Hartmann and J. Robert Bren, based on a story by Taylor Caven. RKO Radio Pictures produced the film, which stars Constance Worth, Vinton Haworth, Leslie Fenton and Gordon Jones. Haworth was injured in an automobile accident in January 1937, delaying the film's released until March 12, 1937.\n\nPlot\nTom Baldwin and Joe Dugan are two American adventurers who are hired to escort the wife of a Chinese general to Shanghai. She is carrying a priceless diamond. Upon their arrival at the destination, there is a firefight, during which the diamond is stolen. The two Americans round up a group of suspects, but have no luck uncovering the stolen jewel. Among the suspects are Jane Dunn and Katherine Collins, an author named Anthony Durand and Harvey Dinwiddle. They release the suspects and then make plans to travel to San Francisco. When they board the ship, they are surprised to find that all of the suspects are also aboard the same boat.\n\nBaldwin and Dugan resume their search for the diamond and soon discover that Jane is actually an American customs agent who is also trying to find the jewel. As their search continues, Baldwin and Jane fall in love. After their room is tossed, Dugan is killed. Katherine is an insurance investigator who has uncovered some information, but she is killed before she can pass that information on to Jane and Baldwin. Baldwin is framed for Katherine's murder, but Jane solves the diamond's theft and the murders, revealing that Durand and his henchman Dinwiddle are the perpetrators.\n\nBaldwin and Jane are married by the ship's captain.\n\nCast\n\n Constance Worth as Jane Dunn\n Vinton Haworth as Tom Baldwin\n Leslie Fenton as Anthony Durand\n Gordon Jones as Joe Dugan\n Alec Craig as Harvey Dinwiddle\n Dick Elliott as Philip Burton\n Frank M. Thomas as Captain Williams\n George Irving as Dr. Sibley\n Billy Gilbert as Bartender\n Joyce Compton as Mrs. Katharine Collins\n Philip Ahn as Dr. Feng Tu\n Lotus Long as Lia Sen\n Huntley Gordon as Arthur Trent\n Edgar Dearing as Bill\n Lotus Liu as Yo Ling\n Tetsu Komai as Wong\n Moy Ming as Chang\n William Corson as Officer\n Alan Curtis as Officer\n\nProduction\nRKO obtained the rights to Taylor Craven's original story, Miss Customs Agent, in July 1936, and its title was also the film's working title. Edward Killy was assigned to direct the film in mid-October, and filming was slated to begin in mid-November. In the first week of December, it was announced that seven performers had been assigned to the project: Vinton Hayworth, Constance Worth (in her American screen debut), Frank Thomas, Walter Coy, Diana Gibson, Gordon Jones and George Irving. Dick Elliot joined the cast in mid-December, and production began shortly before Christmas. In late December, Joyce Compton joined the cast, and shortly thereafter, the film's title was changed to China Passage. Production was delayed for two weeks at the beginning of 1937 when Vincent Haworth was injured in a car accident on New Year's Day. He was released to return to work on January 12. The film was finished by the end of January 1937, and the editing process began in the first week of February. The film opened on March 12, 1937. After the film premiered, the National Legion of Decency assigned the film an A-1 rating, classifying it as unobjectionable for general audiences.\n\nReception\nThe Film Daily fair review called the story \"stilted, unoriginal and implausible\" and praised only the film's technical aspects of the film. Harrison's Reports also published a negative review, calling the plot \"far-fetched and meaningless\" and the comedic portions \"tired.\" However, the review reported that Constance Worth's her acting was \"pleasant,\" as were the romantic interludes between Worth and Vinton Hayworth. Motion Picture Daily was more positive, writing that the film was \"unpretentious\" and \"moderately entertaining,\" with Worth \"capable\" and \"attractive\" and Leslie Fenton's sinister performance laudable. Motion Picture Magazine awarded the film two and a half stars (out of four) and complimented the plot and locales while stating that the acting was adequate.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n \n \n\n1937 mystery films\n1937 films\nAmerican mystery films\nRKO Pictures films\nAmerican black-and-white films\nFilms directed by Edward Killy\nFilms produced by Cliff Reid\nFilms produced by Samuel J. Briskin\nFilms set on ships\n1930s American films\n1930s English-language films", "meta": {"title": "China Passage", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%20Passage", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hideki Uchidate (f\u00f8dt 15. januar 1974) er en tidligere japansk fodboldspiller.\n\nHan har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Urawa Reds.\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n\nFodboldspillere fra Japan", "meta": {"title": "Hideki Uchidate", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hideki%20Uchidate", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Glen Pass (also known as Blue Flower Pass) is a mountain pass in the Sierra Nevada, located in Kings Canyon National Park, eastern Fresno County, California, United States. This pass, on the John Muir Trail, links Rae Lakes at  elevation with Charlotte Lake at  elevation.\n\nThe pass was named after Glen H. Crow, a Forest Service ranger.\n\nReferences \n\nMountain passes on the John Muir Trail\nLandforms of Fresno County, California", "meta": {"title": "Glen Pass", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glen%20Pass", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rivella ist der Markenname eines kohlens\u00e4urehaltigen, alkoholfreien Erfrischungsgetr\u00e4nks mit 35 % Milchserum, das in der Schweiz und den Niederlanden hergestellt wird. Rivella wird von der gleichnamigen Aktiengesellschaft in Rothrist AG abgef\u00fcllt. Diese ist im Eigentum der Familie des Gr\u00fcnders Robert Barth.\n\nDer Name Rivella leitet sich aus dem Tessiner Ortsnamen Riva San Vitale sowie dem italienischen Wort rivelazione \u201eOffenbarung\u201c ab.\n\nRezeptur \nDie Inhaltsstoffe von Rivella Rot sind:\n Wasser\n Milchserum (35 %), das aus Molke gewonnen wird\n Zucker\n Kohlens\u00e4ure\n S\u00e4uerungsmittel (L(+)-Milchs\u00e4ure)\n Karamellisierter Zucker\n Nat\u00fcrliche Aromen\n\nVerbreitung \nRivella gilt als ein Nationalgetr\u00e4nk der Schweiz. Im Jahr 2013 betrug der wertm\u00e4ssige Marktanteil der Rivella AG im Schweizer Erfrischungsgetr\u00e4nkemarkt 15,3 Prozent. Rivella ist die Nummer 2 nach Coca-Cola.\n\nIm F\u00fcrstentum Liechtenstein, in den Niederlanden und in Luxemburg ist Rivella seit l\u00e4ngerer Zeit erh\u00e4ltlich. Rivella Light wurde 1958 als Diabetes-Getr\u00e4nk in den Niederlanden lanciert, ein Jahr sp\u00e4ter (1959) kam es als Rivella Blau auf den Schweizer Markt. Die Niederlande sind heute der gr\u00f6sste Auslandsmarkt f\u00fcr Rivella. Der Vertrieb nach Deutschland wurde 2019 eingestellt, da es nicht gelungen sei, auf dem deutschen Markt Fuss zu fassen. Zudem ist Rivella in den Grenzregionen Frankreichs und \u00d6sterreichs erh\u00e4ltlich.\n\nDer Marktauftritt im Ausland unterscheidet sich von demjenigen in der Schweiz. In den 1960er und 1970er Jahren wurde Rivella in Deutschland unter dem Markennamen Larell angeboten, um wettbewerbliche Konflikte mit der deutschen Limonadenmarke Libella zu vermeiden. Sp\u00e4ter wurde der Name auch dort in Rivella ge\u00e4ndert.\n\nGeschichte \n\nMolke ist ein proteinhaltiges Nebenprodukt der K\u00e4seherstellung und wurde bereits ab 1940 in der originalen Rezeptur von Fanta verwendet.\nRobert Barth bzw. dessen Bruder erwirbt 1950 die Rezeptur f\u00fcr ein Molken-Tafelgetr\u00e4nk, aus dem Rivella entsteht. Zun\u00e4chst fand die Produktion in St\u00e4fa, dann in Uster statt. 1952 wurde die Rivella AG gegr\u00fcndet und Rivella Rot wird auf dem Getr\u00e4nkemarkt eingef\u00fchrt. 1954 zog man von Uster nach Rothrist. In Holland wurde mit Rivella Blau 1958 eines der ersten Leichtgetr\u00e4nke eingef\u00fchrt. 1977 begann man mit der Werbepartnerschaft mit der Schweizer Skinationalmannschaft. Rivella Gr\u00fcn wurde 1999 in das Sortiment aufgenommen.\n\nEinen Relaunch der Gesamtmarke Rivella gab es 2007, mit neuem Erscheinungsbild und neuer Flaschenpolitik. Der Gr\u00fcnder Robert Barth starb am 29. M\u00e4rz 2007 im Alter von 85 Jahren in Rothrist im Kanton Aargau. Das Unternehmen ist weiterhin in Besitz der Familie des Gr\u00fcnders. Der gr\u00f6sste Schweizer Lebensmittelh\u00e4ndler Migros wechselte 2008 von der bisherigen Eigenmarke Mivella auf die Markenprodukte von Rivella (Mivella wurde im Auftrag der Migros ebenfalls von Rivella hergestellt). Die Marken Rivella CLIQ Pfirsich und Rhabarber wurden 2014 in den Getr\u00e4nkemarkt eingef\u00fchrt. Im Jahr 2016 gab es einen Relaunch mit neuem Design und Logo. Im Jahr 2022 lancierte Lidl Schweiz eine vegane Kopie namens Livetta.\n\nWeblinks \n\n www.rivella.ch\n \n Internationale Website\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nMarkenname (Erfrischungsgetr\u00e4nk)\nKulinarisches Erbe der Schweiz", "meta": {"title": "Rivella", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivella", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Final Fantasy XIV (2010) - Een MMORPG uit 2010\n Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn - Een MMORPG uit 2013 die de originele Final Fantasy XIV volledig vervangen heeft.", "meta": {"title": "Final Fantasy XIV", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final%20Fantasy%20XIV", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "De Zoologischer Garten Wuppertal, kortweg Zoo Wuppertal of Wuppertaler Zoo, is een dierentuin in Wuppertal in de Duitse deelstaat Noordrijn-Westfalen. De tuin werd op 8 september 1881 geopend. De organisatie beschikt na een uitbreiding in 2006 over een oppervlakte van 24 hectare. De parkachtige aanleg kent talrijke bomen en lanen.\n\nDieren\nIn Zoo Wuppertal worden meer dan 4200 dieren behorend tot ongeveer 460 soorten gehouden. Daaronder zijn veel zeldzaamheden. De dierentuin co\u00f6rdineert internationale fokprogramma's voor de Chileense poedoe (Pudu pudu), de zwartvoetkat (Felis nigripes), de Oman-kat (Felis silvestris gordoni) en de Afrikaanse olifant (Loxodonta africana).\n\nWatervogels\nDe collectie watervogels bevat een groot aantal eenden, ganzen en kraanvogels. Ze hebben de beschikking over meerdere vijvers. Een zeldzame soort is de zwartsnavelooievaar.\n\nHoefdieren\n\nNabij de ingang staat het Tapirhaus waarin een groep Midden-Amerikaanse tapirs is ondergebracht. Deze soort is slechts in enkele Europese collecties aanwezig. Ook okapi's zijn hier gehuisvest. Aan de oostrand van de tuin staan verblijven voor bongo's en penseelzwijnen, grantzebra's en Siberische steenbokken.\n\nWaterdieren\nTegenover het Tapirhaus liggen de verblijven van de ijsberen, Californische zeeleeuwen, dwergotters en pingu\u00efns.\n\nKoudbloedigen\nIn het noordoosten van het park staat een gebouw met aquaria voor verschillende zoet- en zoutwatervissen en een reptielenhuis met schildpadden, slangen, hagedissen, kikkers en breedvoorhoofdkrokodillen.\n\nVogels\nIn en rondom het Vogelhaus zijn kooien met verschillende veelal tropische vogelsoorten. Voorbeelden zijn de Ibisvoli\u00e8re met heremietibissen, rode ibissen en kleine zilverreigers, de Madagaskarvoli\u00e8re met blauwe coua's en manenibissen, de Freiflughalle met kleine tropische zangvogels en verder zeldzame soorten als de rode rotshaan, kagoe, witstaarttrogon en purperkeelvruchtenkraai. Op drie locaties in de dierentuin bevinden zich voli\u00e8res met roofvogels, waaronder bateleurs, monniksgieren, bergcaracara's en uilen.\n\nKatachtigen en andere roofdieren\nDe dierentuin houdt een groot aantal katachtigen. In en rondom het Kleinkatzenhaus leven zandkatten, en Oman-katten. Ook is hier een groep stokstaartjes te zien. In het Gro\u00dfkatzenhaus zijn Indische luipaarden, Aziatische goudkatten en nevelpanters ondergebracht. De Siberische tijgers en leeuwen zijn in 2006 verhuisd naar grotere verblijven aan de zuidoostzijde van het park. Tussen de twee onderkomens staat een verblijf met sneeuwpanters. Elders in de dierentuin zijn jachtluipaarden ondergebracht, waaronder een koningscheeta.\n\nCentrale deel\nIn het heuvelachtige centrale deel van het park is de Patagonienanlage met Darwins nandoes, mara's, vicu\u00f1a's en halsbandpekari's, Tierwelt China met Pater-Davidsherten, rendieren, Mishmitakins, kiangs en kraanvogels. Er verblijven ook bruine beren en Canadese wolven.\n\nOlifanten\nEen groep Afrikaanse olifanten is ondergebracht in de Elefantenanlage. In de directe nabijheid van dit verblijf zijn de zeldzame geelrugduikers en de babiroessa's gehuisvest.\n\nPrimaten\nIn het Menschenaffenhaus met omliggende buitenverblijven zijn orang-oetans, bonobo's, westelijke laaglandgorilla's, chimpansees en goudkopleeuwaapjes te zien. In het Affenhaus zijn rode vari's, baardapen, de zeldzame dril en bruinkopslingerapen ondergebracht. Op een eiland in een van de vijvers leven withandgibbons.\n\nExterne links\n Offici\u00eble website\n\nWuppertal\nWuppertal", "meta": {"title": "Zoo Wuppertal", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoo%20Wuppertal", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Sims 3\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a Nintendo DS \u0438 Nintendo 3DS. \u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f DS \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f 26 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f 3DS\u00a0\u2014 25 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 2011 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 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\u043e\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c. \u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0411\u0438\u043a\u0435\u043d \u0411\u044d\u0439 (). \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f 3DS \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u044b\u043c\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f DS \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0439. \u0412 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 3DS \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u044e, \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430. \u0412 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0443\u0442 \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f 3DS \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0451 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0443\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445.\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \n\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 The Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f DS \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u041f\u041a-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 The Sims 3, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0439 2009 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0443\u0441, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0443 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0443 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 The Sims \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u041f\u041a-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 NDS \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u041f\u041a-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f The Sims 2. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 The Sims 3, \u0432 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f DS \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c.\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e The Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f DS \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0437\u044b. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0443, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438, \u0432 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0430\u043c. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 DS, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 The Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u041f\u041a. \u0421\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f DS \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f PSP.\n \n\u0412\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 The Sims 3 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e 27 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2010. \u0415\u0451 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f 26 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 The Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo 3DS \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c 25 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 2011 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435. The Sims 3 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 12 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0443, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 25 \u0438\u0433\u0440. \u0412 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo 3DS \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 3DS, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b.\n\n\u0412\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\n\nNintendo DS \nThe Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo DS \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 GamRankind \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 74,37\u00a0%. \u0418\u0433\u0440\u0443 \u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0439, \u2014 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043a \u041f\u041a-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f\u043c The Sims.\n\n\u0411\u0440\u044d\u0434 \u0425\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Worth Playing \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 The Sims 3, DS \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0451 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0443 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u0430, \u00ab\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438\u00bb. \u041c\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0426\u0443\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Game Chronicles \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0451\u043d The Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f DS, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0451\u0434 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0451\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 Apartment Pets. \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0428\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 IGN, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0432 The Sims 3 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f DS, \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0435 \u0435\u0451 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u041f\u041a-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 The Sims \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0451 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b. \u0422\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0435\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u0418\u0433\u0440\u0443 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0435\u0451 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430.\n\n\u0426\u0443\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f DS, \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0443\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u041f\u041a-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0428\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 IGN \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438. \u0425\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 The Sims. \u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Nintendo Life, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.\n\n\u0426\u0443\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u043a \u041a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Nintendo Life \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 Grand Theft Auto, \u0432 \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e. \u0428\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0443. \u0425\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 The Sims 3, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0447\u0451\u043b \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0428\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 The Sims 3, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a Nintendo Life \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0443\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439.\n\n\u0425\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c.\n\nNintendo 3DS \n\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo 3DS \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0437\u044b\u0432\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432 52 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437 100 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c 25 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 100.\n\n\u0420\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0424\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0433, \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Digitaltrends \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b The Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f 3DS \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0438\u0448\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0444\u0444 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441\u043a\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u00ab\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435. \u042d\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Videogamer \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u0448\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b The Sims 3, \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438.\n\n\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0420\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Impulsegamer \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u043a\u0443 \u0433\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u044f, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u00ab\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b\u00bb, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430. \u0422\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c. \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 IGN \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 DS. \n\n\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043c 3DS \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f DS. \u0420\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0424\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e The Sims 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo 3DS \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, 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\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \n \n \n \n\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b, \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 Electronic Arts\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b 2011 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 Maxis\n\u0421\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo DS\n\u0418\u0433\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Nintendo 3DS", "meta": {"title": "The Sims 3 (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Sims%203%20%28%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%20%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Funerale a Berlino (Funeral in Berlin) \u00e8 un film del 1966 diretto da Guy Hamilton.\n\nSerie cinematografica\n\u00c8 il secondo di una serie di cinque film di spionaggio realizzati negli anni sessanta e novanta, nei quali l'attore Michael Caine incarna la spia del Secret Intelligence Service, Harry Palmer, personaggio creato dalla fantasia di Len Deighton.\n\nTrama\nIl colonnello Stok, un alto ufficiale del servizio di spionaggio sovietico del KGB responsabile della sicurezza di un settore del Muro di Berlino, sembra voler disertare e passare all'Ovest, ma le prove sono contraddittorie. L'agente Harry Palmer viene inviato dal suo capo, Ross, a valutare l'offerta; agir\u00e0 in collaborazione con il capo della sezione di Berlino, Johnny Vulcan: quest'ultimo, tra i due, \u00e8 il pi\u00f9 propenso a credere alla buona fede dell'alto ufficiale sovietico.\n\nStok chiede esplicitamente ai britannici del Secret Intelligence Service che il responsabile dell'operazione sia Kreutzmann, colui che guida l'organizzazione che permette le fughe da Berlino Est a Berlino Ovest. Questi elabora un piano che mira a far uscire Stok clandestinamente in una bara dalla Repubblica Democratica di Germania, organizzando un finto funerale, con scambio finale della bara sul Ponte di Glienicke (non potendo utilizzare il \"Ponte delle Spie\", che collegava Berlino Ovest con il Land di Brandeburgo in Germania Est e il cui transito era riservato a diplomatici e militari, la scena fu girata sul ponte Swinem\u00fcnder nel quartiere Gesundbrunnen della zona Ovest). Il pagamento dell'organizzazione di Kreutzmann dovr\u00e0 avvenire tramite denaro, 65.000 dollari, ed alcuni documenti personali falsificati.\n\nNel contempo, Palmer viene abbordato e sedotto da un'affascinante modella, Samantha Steel. Non fidandosene, egli scopre che lei \u00e8 in realt\u00e0 un agente del Mossad, che sta dando la caccia ai conti correnti svizzeri riconducibili a nazisti che si arricchirono derubando gli ebrei: tra questi un certo Paul Louis Broum, titolare di un conto da 2 milioni di dollari ed ufficialmente morto, a cui nome sono intestati i documenti che Palmer porta come pagamento per il piano di fuga.\n\nIl piano si rivela per\u00f2 un'abile trappola del KGB: a Berlino Ovest, all'interno della bara, non arriva Stok, ma il cadavere di Kreutzmann. Egli, oltre che una spina nel fianco del sistema del Muro di Berlino, era anche in contatto con il suddetto Broum. A seguito del fallimento, Ross ordina a Palmer di uccidere Vulcan: egli altri non \u00e8 che Broum, ex-ufficiale delle SS corrotto e doppiogiochista, divenuto ora inutile e pericoloso. Harry per\u00f2, faccia a faccia con l'uomo che deve sopprimere, non se la sente di eseguire l'ordine, lasciando libero Vulcan-Broum.\n\nQuesti riesce a tornare in possesso dei \"suoi\" documenti, ed in un concitato finale viene ucciso dagli agenti del Mossad mentre, d'accordo con il KGB, tenta di scappare a Berlino Est, per poi raggiungere la Svizzera. Palmer, presente all'azione, pu\u00f2 cos\u00ec comunicare a Ross di aver eseguito il suo ultimo ordine: inscenando un falso omicidio delle guardie di frontiera tedesco-orientali contro un cittadino che tentava di fuggire dal regime comunista della Repubblica Democratica Tedesca riceve anche i complimenti finali del suo capo.\n\nScheda tecnica\n Titolo originale: Funeral in Berlin\n Realizzazione: Guy Hamilton\n Sceneggiatura: Evan Jones, tratto da un romanzo di Len Deighton\n Immagini: Otto Heller\n Musiche: Konrad Elfers\n Montaggio: John Bloom\n Scenografia: Ken Adam et Peter Murton\n Produzione: Charles D. Kasher e Harry Saltzman, per Jovera S.A., Lowndes Productions Limited e Paramount Pictures\n Paese d'origine: Regno Unito\n Lingua: inglese, tedesco\n Formato: Colore (Technicolor) - 2,35:1 - Mono\n Genere cinematografico: Spionaggio, Thriller\n Durata: 102 minuti\n Date di uscita:\n 22 dicembre 1966 (New York)\n 23 febbraio 1967 Regno Unito\n 17 marzo 1967 Repubblica Federale di Germania\n\nCollegamenti esterni\n \n\nFilm ambientati a Berlino\nFilm di spionaggio\nFilm basati su opere di narrativa", "meta": {"title": "Funerale a Berlino", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funerale%20a%20Berlino", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Laserpitium cuneitolium \u00e4r en flockblommig v\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Chr\u00e9tien G\u00e9ofroy Christian Gottfried Nestler och Hubert F\u00e9lix Soyer-Willemet.\n\nLaserpitium cuneitolium ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet spen\u00f6rter, och familjen flockblommiga v\u00e4xter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nSpen\u00f6rter\ncuneitolium", "meta": {"title": "Laserpitium cuneitolium", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laserpitium%20cuneitolium", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430 28 \u0434\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u0458\u043e, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0430 () \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0410\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 2122 \u043c.\n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 1769 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448  \n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0410\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d (\u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e)\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430 28 \u0434\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u0458\u043e, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0430 (\u0410\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%2028%20%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BE%2C%20%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%20%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%20%28%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Suorre-Tievja \u00e4r en kulle i Finland.   Den ligger i den ekonomiska regionen Norra Lappland och landskapet Lappland, i den norra delen av landet,  km norr om huvudstaden Helsingfors. Toppen p\u00e5 Suorre-Tievja \u00e4r  meter \u00f6ver havet.\n\nTerr\u00e4ngen runt Suorre-Tievja \u00e4r huvudsakligen platt. Den h\u00f6gsta punkten i n\u00e4rheten \u00e4r Tievjaoaivi,  meter \u00f6ver havet,  km nordv\u00e4st om Suorre-Tievja.  Trakten runt Suorre-Tievja \u00e4r n\u00e4ra nog obefolkad, med mindre \u00e4n tv\u00e5 inv\u00e5nare per kvadratkilometer. Det finns inga samh\u00e4llen i n\u00e4rheten. Omgivningarna runt Suorre-Tievja \u00e4r i huvudsak ett \u00f6ppet busklandskap. \n\nTrakten ing\u00e5r i den boreala klimatzonen. \u00c5rsmedeltemperaturen i trakten \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C. Den varmaste m\u00e5naden \u00e4r juli, d\u00e5 medeltemperaturen \u00e4r \u00a0\u00b0C, och den kallaste \u00e4r februari, med \u00a0\u00b0C.\n\nKommentarer\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nKullar i Lappland, Finland\nBerg i Finland 200 meter \u00f6ver havet eller h\u00f6gre", "meta": {"title": "Suorre-Tievja", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suorre-Tievja", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o do Campo is a civil parish in the municipality of Coimbra, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 2,073, in an area of 7.92 km2. It was originally called Cioga do Campo and colloquially as Lavarrabos.\n\nReferences \n\nFreguesias of Coimbra", "meta": {"title": "S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o do Campo", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o%20Jo%C3%A3o%20do%20Campo", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sekouba Camara (ur. 10 sierpnia 1983) \u2013 gwinejski pi\u0142karz graj\u0105cy na pozycji obro\u0144cy.\n\nKariera klubowa \nW swojej karierze Camara gra\u0142 w klubie AS Kaloum Star ze stolicy Gwinei, Konakry. W 2004 roku zadebiutowa\u0142 w jego barwach w pierwszej lidze gwinejskiej. Sw\u00f3j pierwszy sukces w karierze osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0142 w 2005 roku, gdy zdoby\u0142 Puchar Gwinei. Z kolei w 2007 roku wywalczy\u0142 zar\u00f3wno mistrzostwo kraju, jak i jego puchar.\n\nKariera reprezentacyjna \nW reprezentacji Gwinei Camara zadebiutowa\u0142 w 2005 roku. W 2006 roku zosta\u0142 powo\u0142any do kadry na Puchar Narod\u00f3w Afryki 2006 i rozegra\u0142 tam jedno spotkanie, z Tunezj\u0105 (3:0).\n\nBibliografia \n \n \n\nReprezentanci Gwinei w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej\nPi\u0142karze AS Kaloum Star\nUczestnicy Pucharu Narod\u00f3w Afryki 2006\nUrodzeni w 1983", "meta": {"title": "Sekouba Camara", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekouba%20Camara", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sue Troyan is an American basketball coach who was the head women's basketball coach at Lehigh University, a position that she held from 1995 to 2022. Prior to coaching basketball at Lehigh, she was the college's softball coach for five years.\n\nPlayer career\nWhile attending Dickinson College, Troyan competed in both basketball and track. She was voted the basketball team's most valuable player, following her 1988 senior season, and was a three-time All-American in track.\n\nHead coaching record\n\nPersonal life\nShe met her future husband Fran while finishing undergraduate studies at Dickinson, where he was enrolled in law school. When she accepted a graduate assistant's job with Lehigh's women's basketball team and pursued her MBA at the school, he worked in nearby Allentown. She was offered an assistant coach's job with the basketball team, in addition to the softball team's head coaching position. Fran became her assistant in softball and took over the head coaching job in 1995, when she became the basketball head coach. They reside in Saucon Valley, Pennsylvania, and have three children.\n\nReferences\n\n1960s births\nYear of birth missing (living people)\nLiving people\nAmerican women's basketball coaches\nDickinson College alumni\nLehigh University alumni\nLehigh Mountain Hawks women's basketball coaches", "meta": {"title": "Sue Troyan", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sue%20Troyan", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Karel Roden (f\u00f8dt 18. maj 1962 i \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice) er en tjekkisk filmskuespiller. Han er kendt fra film som 15 Minutes.\n\nUdvalgt filmografi \n 15 Minutes (2001) \u2013 Emil Slovak\n Blade II (2002) \u2013 Karel Kounen\n Bulletproof Monk (2003) \u2013 Strucker\n The Bourne Supremacy (2004) \u2013 Yuri Gretkov\n Hellboy (2004) \u2013 Grigori Rasputin\n Running Scared (2006) \u2013 Anzor Yugorsky\n Mr. Beans Ferie (2007) \u2013 Emil Duchanowski\n Largo Winch (2008) \u2013 Michail Korsky\n RocknRolla (2008) \u2013 Uri Omovich\n Orphan (2009) \u2013 Dr. V\u00e4rava\n Sword of Vengeance (2015) \u2013 Durant\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n\n \n\nSkuespillere fra Tjekkiet", "meta": {"title": "Karel Roden", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel%20Roden", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The International Journal of Operations and Production Management is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects of supply chain management and operations management. It was established in 1980 and is published by Emerald Group Publishing. The editors-in-chief are Constantin Blome  (Lancaster University Leipzig), Robert D. Klassen (Ivey Business School), and Tobias Schoenherr (Michigan State University) and the editorial assistant is Martin C. Schleper (University of Sussex). It is the official journal of the European Operations Management Association.\n\nAbstracting and indexing\nThe journal is abstracted and indexed in \nCurrent Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences, Inspec, ProQuest databases, Social Sciences Citation Index, and Scopus.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nBusiness and management journals\nMonthly journals\nEnglish-language journals\nEmerald Group Publishing academic journals\nPublications established in 1980", "meta": {"title": "International Journal of Operations & Production Management", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Journal%20of%20Operations%20%26%20Production%20Management", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'Iris de Suse est un roman de Jean Giono publi\u00e9 en 1970, le dernier paru de son vivant.\n\nPublication \nL'Iris de Suse est un roman de Jean Giono publi\u00e9 en 1970, le dernier paru de son vivant.\n\nR\u00e9sum\u00e9\nLe roman suit les aventures de Jean Rameau, dit Tourniquet, ou Tringlot, un brigand qui m\u00e8ne \u00e0 Toulon une vie bourgeoise, tout en participant nuitamment aux exp\u00e9ditions d\u2019une bande de malfaiteurs.\n\nAyant d\u00e9couvert le magot de la bande, il s\u2019en empare et se r\u00e9fugie dans l\u2019arri\u00e8re-pays, o\u00f9 il gagne les alpages en compagnie de bergers transhumants.\n\nIl fait ainsi la connaissance de Louiset et de son aide, Alexandre. \u00c0 leur contact, mais \u00e9galement aid\u00e9 par Casagrande le gu\u00e9risseur, Tringlot va lentement abandonner le fardeau de sa vie pass\u00e9e et trouver une nouvelle place dans le monde, au service de l\u2019Absente, une jeune veuve fragile qu\u2019il d\u00e9cide de prot\u00e9ger. \n\nPour ce faire, il devra rendre le tr\u00e9sor vol\u00e9 et s\u2019\u00e9tablir dans le village o\u00f9 elle habite pour veiller sur elle.\n\nTh\u00e8mes\nSelon Jean Arrouye, L'Iris de Suse est une m\u00e9ditation sur le temps. Elle oppose le temps \u00ab cyclique, immobile, anhistorique \u00bb de l'estive et des bergers, et le temps \u00ab imm\u00e9diat \u00bb des \u00ab passions intermittentes \u00bb motivant les actions pass\u00e9es du personnage principal. En se laissant progressivement envahir par le premier et en abandonnant le second, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un nouvel environnement humain et naturel, Tringlot finira par trouver sa juste place dans l'espace et dans le temps.\n\n\u00c9ditions \n 1970 - L'Iris de Suse, Collection NRF, Gallimard, \u00e0 Paris. \n 1974 - L'Iris de Suse, Collection Folio n\u00b0 573, Gallimard, \u00e0 Paris. \n 1983 - L'Iris de Suse, in \"Jean Giono - \u0152uvres romanesques compl\u00e8tes\", Tome VI (1227 pages), Gallimard, Biblioth\u00e8que de la Pl\u00e9iade, \u00c9dition \u00e9tablie par Robert Ricatte avec la collaboration de Pierre Citron, Henri Godard, Janine et Lucien Miallet et Luce Ricatte,\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nRoman fran\u00e7ais paru en 1970\nRoman de Jean Giono", "meta": {"title": "L'Iris de Suse", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Iris%20de%20Suse", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Une accusation infond\u00e9e d'abus sexuel sur mineur est un acte consistant \u00e0 informer les services sociaux, policiers ou judiciaires, par un signalement ou une plainte, du fait d'un soup\u00e7on infond\u00e9, d'une manipulation ou d'une pure invention, qu'une personne majeure aurait commis l'un des d\u00e9lits ou crimes suivants : agression sexuelle, atteinte sexuelle, viol, viol aggrav\u00e9, sur un mineur de quinze ans. Pour les d\u00e9signer, on utilise aussi, \u00e0 contresens, les expressions \u00ab fausses accusations \u00bb et \u00ab fausses all\u00e9gations \u00bb. En France, sur le plan du droit p\u00e9nal, elles peuvent relever du d\u00e9lit de \u00ab d\u00e9nonciation calomnieuse \u00bb (article 226-10 du Code p\u00e9nal), qui a \u00e9volu\u00e9 en 2010 pour \u00e9viter une application automatique en cas de non-lieu.\n\nEn l'absence de donn\u00e9es statistiques, l'importance du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne ne peut pas \u00eatre \u00e9tablie, mais sur la base de recherches approfondies sur deux d\u00e9partements (TGI de Nanterre et \u00c9vreux en 1997), le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne serait marginal.\n\nOn distingue deux cat\u00e9gories d'accusations infond\u00e9es (ou bien \u00ab all\u00e9gations infond\u00e9es \u00bb), selon l'intention de leurs auteurs : celles qui reposent sur une croyance sinc\u00e8re mais erron\u00e9e et celles qui rel\u00e8vent d'un mensonge conscient et organis\u00e9, que l'on nomme aussi \u00ab accusations mensong\u00e8res \u00bb (ou bien \u00ab all\u00e9gations mensong\u00e8res \u00bb). D'autre part, de telles accusations peuvent ne pas \u00eatre reconnues comme \u00e9tablies par la justice, en l'absence de preuves suffisantes, au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice du doute, dans les cas tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quents o\u00f9 il s'agit d'accusations \u00ab parole contre parole \u00bb, sachant que ce type d'affaire expose au risque d'erreur judiciaire dans les deux sens, qu'il s'agisse d'accusation diffamatoire ou de d\u00e9ni de justice. \n\nLes accusations infond\u00e9es port\u00e9es par un mineur contre un adulte r\u00e9pondent \u00e0 plusieurs cas de figure : elles peuvent viser son p\u00e8re ou sa m\u00e8re, un de ses enseignants mais aussi un voisin ou une autre personne proche.\n\nLes accusations infond\u00e9es sont au croisement de causes sociales et de causes individuelles : un climat passionnel entretenu par des m\u00e9dias ou des associations de d\u00e9fense des droits de l'enfant, synth\u00e9tis\u00e9 dans le concept de panique morale, l'impr\u00e9paration des acteurs sociaux, l'insuffisance de la dissuasion vis-\u00e0-vis de ceux qui prof\u00e8rent des d\u00e9nonciations calomnieuses, le fait que l'enfant ne dit pas toujours la v\u00e9rit\u00e9, le d\u00e9sir de vengeance ou d'attirer l'attention chez l'accusateur, le syndrome des faux souvenirs.\n\nContexte judiciaire \nDans les ann\u00e9es 1980 et suivantes, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 judiciaris\u00e9s ou pr\u00e9cis\u00e9s les d\u00e9lits et crimes sexuels pr\u00e9cit\u00e9s, qui jusque-l\u00e0 \u00e9taient rest\u00e9s dans le cadre de d\u00e9finitions incertaines, ou ignor\u00e9s. Ils englobent les actes dits de p\u00e9dophilie, bien que ce terme ne soit pas utilis\u00e9. En France, depuis 2010, ces crimes et d\u00e9lits sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme \u00e9tant des \u00ab actes incestueux \u00bb lorsque commis au sein de la famille, selon la loi -121 du  \u00ab tendant \u00e0 inscrire l'inceste commis sur les mineurs dans le code p\u00e9nal et \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la d\u00e9tection et la prise en charge des victimes d'actes incestueux \u00bb.\n\nCes nouvelles dispositions ont permis de sanctionner des actes qui auparavant ne l'\u00e9taient pas, ou peu, et d'apporter aux victimes le soutien de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Les grandes affaires mettant en cause des abuseurs, comme l'affaire Dutroux en Belgique, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 largement m\u00e9diatis\u00e9es et ont fait conna\u00eetre au grand public tant l'ampleur de ces d\u00e9lits que la d\u00e9termination de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 les sanctionner.\n\n\u00c9valuation du nombre d'accusations d'abus sexuels \nDans les ann\u00e9es 1990 et 2000, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 fait \u00e9tat par diverses associations, dont par les p\u00e8res divorc\u00e9s priv\u00e9s de garde de leurs enfants d'une mont\u00e9e du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne.  Il n'existe pas de statistiques nationales d'ensemble permettant d'en mesurer la port\u00e9e avec certitude. Toutefois, une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e sur les TGI d'\u00c9vreux et de Nanterre a montr\u00e9 que les accusations d'abus sexuels sur mineurs dans les cas de divorce ou de r\u00e9vision du droit de garde portaient sur un nombre tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9 de cas, environ 7 pour 1 000. Sur Paris en 1999, 23 cas sont arriv\u00e9s au Tribunal de grande instance pour y \u00eatre jug\u00e9s, soit 23 cas sur 6 000 demandes de divorce et 3 000 contentieux hors ou post divorce. Les chiffres rendent tr\u00e8s improbable selon lui une augmentation du nombre de cas.\n\nSelon le psychologue dirigeant cette \u00e9tude et intervenant lui-m\u00eame en tant qu'expert, l'existence d'abus est rarement prouv\u00e9e par les expertises : les seuls cas prouv\u00e9s dont il fait \u00e9tat sont ceux r\u00e9sultant d'expertises gyn\u00e9cologiques. Il existe par contre certains cas \u00e9vidents o\u00f9 les accusations sont fantaisistes et d\u00e9nu\u00e9es de tout fondement.\n\nIl rel\u00e8ve qu'il n'y a aucun syst\u00e9matisme des juges aux affaires familiales sur les r\u00e9ponses aux accusations d'abus sexuels, certains pr\u00e9f\u00e9rant attendre le r\u00e9sultat du proc\u00e8s au p\u00e9nal avant de suspendre m\u00eame \u00e0 titre provisoire l'autorit\u00e9 parentale, d'autres, la majorit\u00e9, la suspendant ou l'am\u00e9nageant de fa\u00e7on temporaire. Une tr\u00e8s large majorit\u00e9 accorde de l'importance au maintien des liens entre la victime potentielle et le parent accus\u00e9, le plus souvent le p\u00e8re. Il regrette toutefois que dans certains cas de non-lieu, faute de preuve, les \u00e9l\u00e9ments techniques ou non du dossier \u00e0 l'origine de la plainte soient utilis\u00e9s dans  d\u00e9bat civil sur la reprise des relations parents-enfant.\n\nQuantification du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne d'accusations infond\u00e9es \nLe minist\u00e8re de la Justice n'a jamais proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation de la proportion de classements sans suite par rapport \u00e0 l'ensemble des plaintes.\n\nLe minist\u00e8re de l'\u00c9ducation nationale n'a lui non plus proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 aucune \u00e9valuation. Des enqu\u00eates (Signa de 2001 \u00e0 2006, Sivis depuis 2007) mesurent chaque ann\u00e9e l'\u00e9volution des faits de violence grave dans les \u00e9tablissements de tous niveaux. Toutefois, dans leur nomenclature, aucune des cat\u00e9gories retenues (26 pour Signa, 15 pour Sivis) n'inclut les d\u00e9nonciations calomnieuses.\n\nUne mutuelle \u00e0 laquelle adh\u00e8rent la plupart des enseignants, la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des Autonomes de solidarit\u00e9, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisie, chaque ann\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de 1996 par une centaine d'enseignants mis en cause, a proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 un d\u00e9compte : 73 % d'entre eux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 innocent\u00e9s. La F\u00e9d\u00e9ration n'a pas poursuivi le d\u00e9compte au-del\u00e0 de 2001.  \n\nAucun des organismes qui, tels l'ONDRP, proc\u00e8dent \u00e0 des estimations du nombre d'actes de d\u00e9linquance sous forme d'enqu\u00eates directes aupr\u00e8s des individus n'a r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9 ce type d'actes dans sa nomenclature. Dans celle de l'ONDRP, les accusations infond\u00e9es d'abus sexuel sont englob\u00e9es dans l'infraction \u00ab d\u00e9nonciation calomnieuse \u00bb, elle-m\u00eame englob\u00e9e dans l'infraction \u00ab atteintes \u00e0 la dignit\u00e9 et la personnalit\u00e9 \u00bb (index 13) : il est donc impossible de les \u00e9valuer distinctement.\n\nCas de figure\n\nAccusation infond\u00e9e port\u00e9e par un mineur\n\nContre l'un de ses parents \n Ou encore l'envie d'attirer l'attention sur soi-m\u00eame, comme dans l'affaire Virginie Madeira : en 2006, cette jeune fille a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 qu'elle avait mensong\u00e8rement accus\u00e9 son p\u00e8re de viol, et contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 sa condamnation. Timide, effac\u00e9e, elle avait \u00e9t\u00e9 interpell\u00e9e par un feuilleton t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9 racontant l'histoire d'une jeune fille de son \u00e2ge qui, en accusant son p\u00e8re, \u00e9tait devenue l'objet de toutes les attentions. Elle raconte aussi comment l'attitude insistante de l'ensemble des acteurs sociaux ayant recueilli sa parole l'avait emp\u00each\u00e9e de revenir sur cette accusation.\n\nContre un enseignant \n\nEn France, alors que selon le journal Lib\u00e9ration et un rapport de l'Inspection g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l'administration de l'\u00c9ducation nationale et de la recherche, elle \u00e9touffait jusque-l\u00e0 les actes de p\u00e9dophilie commis en son sein, l'\u00c9ducation nationale a radicalement chang\u00e9 de strat\u00e9gie \u00e0 partir de 1996, dans le contexte de l'affaire Dutroux. \n\nLe , le Premier ministre Alain Jupp\u00e9 d\u00e9clare : \u00ab Il faut parfois mettre entre parenth\u00e8ses les droits de l'homme pour prot\u00e9ger ceux de l'enfant \u00bb. \n\nLe , dans une note intitul\u00e9e \u00ab P\u00e9dophilie : un autre instituteur mis en examen \u00bb, le quotidien L'Humanit\u00e9 fait \u00e9tat d'une d\u00e9claration du ministre de l'\u00c9ducation nationale, Fran\u00e7ois Bayrou, insistant sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de  en cas de soup\u00e7ons envers un enseignant. \n\nLe , S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Royal, nouvelle ministre d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e charg\u00e9e de l'enseignement scolaire, publie une circulaire qui rappelle l'arsenal l\u00e9gislatif relatif aux violences sexuelles et \u00e0 la protection de l'enfant, dont les dispositions de l'article 40 du Code de proc\u00e9dure p\u00e9nale faisant obligation aux personnels de l'\u00e9ducation nationale,  d\u00e8s qu'un \u00e9l\u00e8ve leur a confi\u00e9 , sous peine .\nDiffus\u00e9e et relay\u00e9e \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle, cette circulaire est ressentie comme un appel \u00e0 la d\u00e9lation et conduit \u00e0 de nombreux signalements excessifs.\n\nAu moment de la publication de la circulaire, alors qu'il \u00e9tait re\u00e7u par le juge Jean-Michel Hayat, conseiller technique au cabinet de S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Royal de 1997 \u00e0 1999, le SNEP (Syndicat des enseignants d'EPS) s'\u00e9tait entendu dire que \u00ab les ministres (Claude All\u00e8gre et S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Royal) estiment que, si un enfant est pr\u00e9serv\u00e9 au prix de neuf enseignants accus\u00e9s \u00e0 tort, l'objectif \u00e9tait rempli \u00bb.\n\nDans le journal Lib\u00e9ration du , Daniel Schneiderman \u00e9crit : \u00ab Il ne se trouve \u00e9trangement personne pour rappeler que S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Royal participa \u00e0 l'emballement post-Dutroux sur la p\u00e9dophilie, qui conduisit \u00e0 voir un p\u00e9dophile en puissance derri\u00e8re chaque enseignant ou chaque cur\u00e9, et dont d\u00e9coule le fiasco d'Outreau \u00bb. \u00c0 propos des accus\u00e9s d'Outreau, elle avait dit selon Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon (sur RTL le ) : \u00ab Il faut les mettre en prison, et vite \u00bb.\n\n\u00c0 partir de 1998, les accusations visant des enseignants, fond\u00e9es ou non, se multiplient. Les accusations mensong\u00e8res sont le fait d'\u00e9l\u00e8ves d\u00e9sirant se venger d'une sanction ou de l'institution scolaire en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, parfois d'\u00e9l\u00e8ves manipul\u00e9s par un adulte d\u00e9sirant se venger d'un autre adulte. Elles touchent tous les types de personnels, en proximit\u00e9 corporelle avec les \u00e9l\u00e8ves. \u00c0 tel point qu'en  des enseignants injustement mis en cause se regroupent dans une association, le Collectif JAMAC (acronyme form\u00e9 de l'addition des initiales du nom de cinq d'entre eux).\n\nL'administration scolaire, en suspendant a priori des enseignants accus\u00e9s et en leur refusant la protection juridique pr\u00e9vue par sa propre r\u00e8glementation lorsqu'ils sont attaqu\u00e9s dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions (article 11 du statut g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la fonction publique), a implicitement pris parti contre eux.\n\n. D'autres n'ont obtenu justice qu'au bout de plusieurs ann\u00e9es, atteints de d\u00e9pression, contraints d'abandonner leur m\u00e9tier ou du moins de changer de r\u00e9gion voire de pays pour \u00e9chapper \u00e0 la rumeur. C'est le constat fait par le directeur de l'Institut Marcel Rivi\u00e8re, h\u00f4pital psychiatrique tenu par la MGEN, qui soigne des instituteurs et des professeurs venus de toute la France.\n\nDans le cas d'Alain Hodique, c'est le conjoint m\u00eame d'une directrice d'\u00e9cole maternelle qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 accus\u00e9 en 2001 de p\u00e9dophilie et incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 380 jours durant malgr\u00e9 l'absence de preuves et ses d\u00e9n\u00e9gations tandis que son \u00e9pouse \u00e9tait suspendue avec un demi-traitement. Jack Lang, le ministre de l'\u00e9poque faisant fi de la pr\u00e9somption d'innocence, avait adress\u00e9 aux parents d'\u00e9l\u00e8ves un courrier \u00e9voquant les \u00ab actes scandaleux et odieux \u00bb commis par Alain Hodique. Ce n'est qu'en  que ce \u00ab long cauchemar \u00bb prit fin lorsque le non-lieu prononc\u00e9 dans l'affaire fut confirm\u00e9 devant la Cour de Cassation.\n\nCertains enfin se sont suicid\u00e9s, comme Bernard Hanse, enseignant d'EPS \u00e0 Montmirail, qui se tire une balle dans la t\u00eate dans sa voiture, et Paul Jacquin, instituteur alsacien, qui se jette de la fen\u00eatre de son appartement de fonction au moment de son interpellation. . Dans son livre L'\u00e9cole du soup\u00e7on et son documentaire au titre identique, l'\u00e9crivaine-r\u00e9alisatrice Marie-Monique Robin a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s le m\u00e9canisme de ces affaires et donn\u00e9 des exemples correspondant \u00e0 tous les cas de figure.\n\nLes Autonomes de solidarit\u00e9 la\u00efque prennent en charge la protection des personnels de l\u2019enseignement public et priv\u00e9 la\u00efque (enseignants, et non enseignants) contre les risques inh\u00e9rents \u00e0 leur m\u00e9tier, dont les d\u00e9nonciations calomnieuses.\n\nLes accusations infond\u00e9es contre les enseignants ont toujours exist\u00e9. Le sujet est abord\u00e9, en 1967, dans le film d'Andr\u00e9 Cayatte Les Risques du m\u00e9tier. Jacques Brel y interpr\u00e8te le r\u00f4le d'un instituteur mensong\u00e8rement accus\u00e9 par une \u00e9l\u00e8ve, dont la motivation \u00e9tait une frustration d'ordre sentimental.\n\nContre un adulte autre que parent ou enseignant \n\nUn exemple en est fourni par l'accusation de viol lanc\u00e9e en 2000 contre un ouvrier agricole, Lo\u00efc S\u00e9cher, par \u00c9milie, adolescente de 13 ans de La Chapelle-Saint-Sauveur. En 2008, elle se r\u00e9tracte, reconnaissant qu'elle a tout invent\u00e9. Elle aurait cibl\u00e9 l'ouvrier agricole sur la suggestion de son p\u00e8re, d'une part parce qu'elle le connaissait en tant que voisin, d'autre part parce qu'il \u00e9tait c\u00e9libataire, ce qui confortait son profil de victime. Mais \u00c9milie, qui avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 accus\u00e9 injustement d'autres hommes, pourrait, selon certains observateurs de l'affaire, \u00eatre motiv\u00e9e par le d\u00e9ni d'un abus v\u00e9ritable que lui aurait fait subir un proche. Condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 16 ans de prison, lib\u00e9r\u00e9 en 2010, sa condamnation ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 annul\u00e9e par la cour de r\u00e9vision, Lo\u00efc S\u00e9cher est d\u00e9finitivement acquitt\u00e9 le . Le , la cour d'appel de Rennes d\u00e9cide de lui octroyer la somme de  \u20ac comme indemnisation pour le pr\u00e9judice moral et mat\u00e9riel subi.\n\nContre un autre mineur \nFarid El Ha\u00efry, accus\u00e9 de viol en 1998 par une lyc\u00e9enne qui a retir\u00e9 son t\u00e9moignage en 2017, est totalement innocent\u00e9 en 2022.\n\nAccusation infond\u00e9e port\u00e9e par un adulte\n\nDans un contexte de divorce \n\nLe divorce a entre autres pour enjeu l'attribution de la r\u00e9sidence des enfants, soit pour moiti\u00e9 \u00e0 chacun des parents, soit pour l'essentiel \u00e0 l'un d'eux. Selon les th\u00e8ses d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es par le psychiatre am\u00e9ricain Richard Gardner en 1980 sur le syndrome d'ali\u00e9nation parentale, et par ses successeurs \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1990, l'augmentation du nombre de divorces impliquerait une augmentation du nombre d'accusations infond\u00e9es d'abus sexuels, tr\u00e8s majoritairement de la part des m\u00e8res \u00e0 l'encontre des p\u00e8res. Cette id\u00e9e a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se r\u00e9pandre en France \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1990. Toutefois, aucune des \u00e9tudes men\u00e9es en France ou \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger n'ont permis de valider cette hypoth\u00e8se. En 2020, le syndrome d'ali\u00e9nation parentale introduit l'ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente dans l'index de la classification internationale des maladies en est retir\u00e9 en raison de son manque d'assise et des effets pervers de son utilisation et le Conseil de l'Europe demande aux juges, avocats, travailleurs sociaux de ne plus faire r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans le cadre de leurs activit\u00e9s professionnelles \u00e0 cette pseudo-th\u00e9orie.\n\nDans d'autres contextes \nEn France, le cas plus connu est l'affaire d'Outreau, survenue en 2004. La principale accus\u00e9e, Myriam Badaoui, ayant reconnu s'\u00eatre livr\u00e9e \u00e0 des actes incestueux sur ses propres enfants, a ensuite accus\u00e9 de nombreux adultes avant de se r\u00e9tracter ; selon des observateurs comme la journaliste Florence Aubenas dans son livre La M\u00e9prise (\u00e9ditions du Seuil, 2005), ces accusations avaient sans doute pour but de diluer ses responsabilit\u00e9s, mais surtout de se conforter dans le r\u00f4le, flatteur pour elle, d'informatrice essentielle, que lui accordait le juge Burgaud, charg\u00e9 de l'instruction. Il est cependant \u00e0 noter que dans cette affaire, douze enfants ont bien \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnus victimes de viols, d'agressions sexuelles, de corruption de mineurs et de prox\u00e9n\u00e9tisme par la justice, malgr\u00e9 l'acquittement  de la plupart des accus\u00e9s.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nNotes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nBibliographie\n\n\u00c9tudes et articles scientifiques centr\u00e9es sur le sujet\n\nEssais \n Hubert Van Gijseghem, L'enfant mis \u00e0 nu : \u00e0 la recherche de la v\u00e9rit\u00e9, \u00c9ditions M\u00e9ridien (Qu\u00e9bec), 1992\n Paul Bensussan, Inceste, le pi\u00e8ge du soup\u00e7on, Belfond, 1999 \n Paul Bensussan et Florence Rault, La dictature de l'\u00e9motion, Belfond, 2002\n Georges Dupuy, Coupable d'\u00eatre un homme. \u00ab Violence conjugale \u00bb et d\u00e9lire institutionnel, VLB, 2000\n \u00c9lisabeth Loftus, Le syndrome des faux souvenirs et le mythe des souvenirs refoul\u00e9s, \u00c9ditions Exergue, 2001, , 350 pages\n Marie-Monique Robin, L'\u00e9cole du soup\u00e7on. Les d\u00e9rives de la lutte contre la p\u00e9dophilie, La D\u00e9couverte, 2006, , 901 pages\n Mich\u00e8le Agrapart-Delmas, Femmes fatales, les criminelles approch\u00e9es par un expert, Max Milo, 2010\n\nT\u00e9moignages \n Karine Duchochois, Moi, Karine, innocente et cass\u00e9e, Plon, 2004\n Antony Bernabeu, Journal d'un instituteur en garde \u00e0 vue, Calmann-L\u00e9vy, 2005, , 168 pages\n Alain Mar\u00e9caux, Chronique de mon erreur judiciaire : une victime de l'affaire d'Outreau, Flammarion, 2005\n Virginie Madeira, Vital-Durand Brigitte, J'ai menti, Stock, 2006, \n John Goetelen, La femme est-elle vraiment l'avenir de l'homme ?, \u00c9ditions Osez dire, 2006\n Daniel Legrand, p\u00e8re et fils, avec Youki Vattier, Histoire commune, Stock, coll. \u00ab Les documents \u00bb, 2008, 350 p.\n\nDocumentaire \n Marie-Monique Robin, L'\u00e9cole du soup\u00e7on (documentaire), France 5, 2007\n\nArticles connexes \n Abus sexuels sur mineurs dans l'\u00c9glise catholique\n Accusation infond\u00e9e de viol\n D\u00e9veloppement psychosexuel\n Elizabeth Loftus (psychologue sp\u00e9cialiste du t\u00e9moignage)\n Syndrome d'ali\u00e9nation parentale (SAP)\n Misandrie\n Droits de la d\u00e9fense\n Inceste\n Faux souvenirs induits\n Erreur judiciaire\n Affaire d'Outreau\n Circulaire fran\u00e7aise du 26 ao\u00fbt 1997 concernant les violences sexuelles, dite \u00ab Circulaire Royal \u00bb\n La Voix de l'enfant\n Pizzagate, accusation infond\u00e9e d'abus sexuel sur mineur aux \u00c9tats-Unis\n\nLiens externes \nDossier Les fausses accusations d\u2019abus sexuel, Groupe d'\u00e9tude des sexismes\nDossier All\u00e9gations d\u2019abus sexuels / Entre mensonge et v\u00e9rit\u00e9 - Entre vrais et faux souvenirs, C\u00e9line BAI, Psychiatre CHRU Montpellier\n\nDroit p\u00e9nal\nAffaire relative \u00e0 la p\u00e9dophilie en France\nAbus sexuel sur mineur\nMystification", "meta": {"title": "Accusation infond\u00e9e d'abus sexuel sur mineur en France", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusation%20infond%C3%A9e%20d%27abus%20sexuel%20sur%20mineur%20en%20France", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A siketlimpia n\u00e9gy \u00e9vente, az olimpi\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151 \u00e9vben a siketek nemzetk\u00f6zi sportsz\u00f6vets\u00e9ge, az International Committee of Sports for the Deaf \u00e1ltal megrendezett vil\u00e1gj\u00e1t\u00e9k. Ny\u00e1ri \u00e9s t\u00e9li v\u00e1ltozata is van. A Nemzetk\u00f6zi Olimpiai Bizotts\u00e1g elismeri. Jelmondata: Per ludos aequalitas, magyarul: J\u00e1t\u00e9kokkal az egyenl\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9rt.\n\nA hall\u00f3k vil\u00e1g\u00e1ban kev\u00e9ss\u00e9 ismert esem\u00e9ny; az itt eredm\u00e9nyeket el\u00e9rt sportol\u00f3kat nem ismerik el teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u00fckh\u00f6z m\u00e9rten, \u00e9s nem kapnak megfelel\u0151 t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st a k\u00fclvil\u00e1gt\u00f3l. M\u00edg a magyar olimpikonok \u00e9s a paralimpikonok milli\u00f3kat kaptak, addig a siketlimpikonoknak csak apr\u00f3s\u00e1gok jutottak. A 2009-es siketlimpi\u00e1ra a k\u00e9s\u0151bb arany\u00e9rmet nyert v\u00edzilabdacsapat utaztat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz mag\u00e1nszem\u00e9lyek adt\u00e1k \u00f6ssze a p\u00e9nzt.\n\nA siket sportol\u00f3k nem vesznek r\u00e9szt a paralimpi\u00e1n, mivel ott a hall\u00e1ss\u00e9r\u00fclteknek nincs k\u00fcl\u00f6n kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ja, \u00e9s egy kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ba soroln\u00e1k \u0151ket azokkal, akik nem esnek az els\u0151 \u00f6t kateg\u00f3ria (amput\u00e1ltak, agyi k\u00e1rosod\u00e1st szenvedettek, \u00e9rtelmi fogyat\u00e9kosok, kerekes sz\u00e9kesek \u00e9s vakok) egyik\u00e9be.\n\nR\u00e9szv\u00e9tel\n\nA sportol\u00f3kat \u00e9s a csapatokat t\u00f6bbnyire a nemzeti siket sportsz\u00f6vets\u00e9g deleg\u00e1lja. Nemcsak a legjobb sportol\u00f3kat k\u00fcldik ki, hanem a fiatal tehets\u00e9geket is tapasztalatszerz\u00e9s c\u00e9lj\u00e1b\u00f3l.\n\nA legh\u00edresebb r\u00e9sztvev\u0151 Terence Parkin \u00fasz\u00f3, aki 2001-es r\u00f3mai gy\u0151zelme el\u0151tt olimpiai arany\u00e9rmet szerzett Sydneyben 2000-ben 200 m\u00e9teres mell\u00fasz\u00e1sban.\n\nA versenyen csak olyan sportol\u00f3k vehetnek r\u00e9szt, akiknek mindk\u00e9t f\u00fcl\u00f6n legal\u00e1bb 55 decibeles a hall\u00e1svesztes\u00e9g\u00fck. Csak a term\u00e9szetes hall\u00e1smaradv\u00e1nyukat haszn\u00e1lhatj\u00e1k; nem viselhetnek hall\u00f3k\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9keket, cochle\u00e1ris implant\u00e1tumokat \u00e9s m\u00e1s seg\u00e9deszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket. A sportol\u00f3k sikets\u00e9g\u00e9hez alkalmazkodva a futballb\u00edr\u00f3k z\u00e1szl\u00f3t lengetnek s\u00edp helyett, \u00e9s a fut\u00e1sn\u00e1l a startpisztolyt f\u00e9nyjelek helyettes\u00edtik. A n\u00e9z\u0151k sem \u00e9ljenezhetnek \u00e9s tapsolhatnak hangosan, csak jelben.\n\nSport\u00e1gak\n\nNy\u00e1r\nAsztalitenisz\nBirk\u00f3z\u00e1s szabad st\u00edlusban\nBirk\u00f3z\u00e1s k\u00f6t\u00f6tt st\u00edlusban\nBowling\nCselg\u00e1ncs\nFut\u00e1s\nKarate\nKos\u00e1rlabda\nK\u00f6nny\u0171atl\u00e9tika\nLabdar\u00fag\u00e1s\nL\u00f6v\u00e9szet\nMountainbike\nR\u00f6plabda\nStrandr\u00f6plabda\nT\u00e1jfut\u00e1s\nTaekwondo\nTenisz\nTollaslabda\nV\u00edzilabda\nJudo\n\nT\u00e9l\nAlpesi s\u00ed\nCurling\n\u00c9szaki s\u00ed\nH\u00f3deszka\nJ\u00e9gkorong\n\nSiketlimpi\u00e1k\n\nA Nemzetk\u00f6zi Siket Sportsz\u00f6vets\u00e9g nem ismeri el, hogy a 17. siketlimpia elmaradt, hanem tervezi, hogy azt majd egy k\u00e9s\u0151bbi id\u0151pontban tartja meg. B\u00fcntet\u00e9sk\u00e9nt kiz\u00e1rta a szlov\u00e1k csapatokat \u00e9s Szlov\u00e1ki\u00e1t a nemzetk\u00f6zi sportrendezv\u00e9nyekr\u0151l.\n\nAz esem\u00e9ny az\u00e9rt maradt el, mert Jaromir Ruda, a Szlov\u00e1k Siketlimpia Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9g eln\u00f6ke elsikkasztotta a rendezv\u00e9nyre sz\u00e1nt p\u00e9nzt. Ez\u00e9rt k\u00f6r\u00f6z\u00e9st adtak ki ellene, \u00e9s elfogt\u00e1k, amikor \u00e1tl\u00e9pte a magyar hat\u00e1rt.\n\nForr\u00e1sok\n\n Deaflympics\n\nFord\u00edt\u00e1s\n\nSport\nHall\u00e1sk\u00e1rosod\u00e1s", "meta": {"title": "Siketlimpia", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siketlimpia", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ed Sheeran is an English singer-songwriter. He began recording in 2005 and moved to London in 2008 to pursue a music career. In early 2011, he released his eighth independent extended play, No. 5 Collaborations Project; with it, Sheeran gained mainstream attention. Three months later, Sheeran was signed to Asylum/Atlantic Records.\n\nSheeran broke through commercially in June 2011, when his debut single, \"The A Team\", debuted at No. 3 on the UK Singles Chart. Buoyed by the chart success of the singles, \"The A Team\" and \"Lego House\", his debut album, +, has been certified sextuple platinum in the United Kingdom. In 2012, he won two BRITISH Awards for Best British Male Solo Artist, and British Breakthrough of the Year, while \"The A Team\" also won the Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically.\n\n4Music Video Honours\n\n!\n|-\n|2011\n|rowspan=\"1\"|Ed Sheeran\n|Best Breakthrough\n|rowspan=1 \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|2012\n|\"Drunk\"\n|Best Video\n|  \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"| \n|-\n|2014\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Best Boy\n|\n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n\nAfrican Entertainment Awards USA\n\nAll Africa Music Awards\n\nAmerican Music Awards\n\n!Ref\n|-\n|rowspan=\"5\"|2015\n|rowspan=\"3\"|Ed Sheeran\n|Artist of the Year\n|\n|rowspan=\"5\"|\n|-\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist\n|\n|-\n|Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist\n|\n|-\n|x\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Album\n|\n|-\n|\"Thinking Out Loud\"\n|Single of the Year\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"5\"|2017\n|rowspan=\"3\"|Ed Sheeran\n|Artist of the Year\n|\n|rowspan=\"5\"|\n|-\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist\n|\n|-\n|Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|\"Shape of You\"\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Song\n|\n|-\n|Video of the Year\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"6\"|2018\n|rowspan=\"3\"|Ed Sheeran\n|Artist of the Year\n|\n|rowspan=\"6\"|\n|-\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist\n|\n|-\n|Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist\n|\n|-\n|\"Perfect\"\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Song\n|\n|-\n|\u00f7\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Album\n|\n|-\n|\u00f7 Tour\n|Tour of the Year\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|2019\n|\u00f7 Tour\n|Tour of the Year\n|\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|2021\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist\n|\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2022\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist\n|\n|-\n|Ed Sheeran\n||Tour of the Year\n|\n|\n|}\n\nAPRA Awards\n\n|-\n| 2013\n| \"Lego House\"\n| rowspan=\"4\" | International Work of the Year\n| rowspan=\"3\" \n|-\n| 2017\n| \"Love Yourself\"\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | 2018\n| \"Castle on the Hill\"\n|-\n| \"Shape of You\"\n| \n|}\n\nARIA Music Awards \n\n! Lost to\n!\n|-\n|2012\n|rowspan=\"2\"| +\n|rowspan=\"8\"| Best International Artist\n|rowspan=\"8\" \n|One Direction - Up All Night \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|2013\n|One Direction - Take Me Home\n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|2014\n|rowspan=\"2\"| x\n|One Direction - Midnight Memories\n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|2015\n|One Direction - Four\n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|2017\n|\u00f7 & Loose Change\n|Harry Styles - Harry Styles\n|-\n|2018\n| \u00f7\n|Camila Cabello - Camila\n|-\n|2019\n|No.6 Collaborations Project\n|Taylor Swift - Lover\n|-\n|2022\n|=\n|Harry Styles - Harry's House\n|-\n\nBBC Music Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"|2014\n|Ed Sheeran\n|British Artist of the Year\n|\n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|\"Sing\"\n|Song of the Year\n|\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"|2015\n|Ed Sheeran\n|British Artist of the Year\n|\n|style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|\"Bloodstream\"\n|Song of the Year\n|\n|style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=2|2017\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Artist of the Year\n|\n| rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|\u00f7\n|British Album of the Year\n|\n\nBBC Radio 1's Teen Awards\n\n!\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|2011\n|rowspan=\"1\"|\"The A Team\"\n|rowspan=\"1\"|Best British Single\n|\n|style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"1\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|2014\n|rowspan=\"4\"|Ed Sheeran\n|rowspan=\"4\"|Best British Solo Act\n|\n|style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"1\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|2015\n|\n|style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"1\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|2017\n|\n|style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"1\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2018\n|\n|style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|\"Perfect Duet\"  \n|rowspan=\"1\"|Best Single\n|\n\nBillboard Latin Music Awards\n\n!\n|-\n|2016\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Crossover Artist of the Year\n|\n|\n|}\n\nBillboard Music Award\n\n!\n|-\n| rowspan=\"5\" | 2015\n| rowspan=\"4\" | Ed Sheeran\n| Top Male Artist\n| rowspan=\"8\" \n| rowspan=\"5\" style=\"text-align:center;\" | \n|-\n| Top Billboard 200 Artist\n|-\n| Top Radio Songs Artist\n|-\n| Top Digital Songs Artist\n|-\n| x\n| Top Billboard 200 Album\n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | 2016\n| rowspan=\"2\" | Ed Sheeran\n| Top Male Artist\n| rowspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center;\" | \n|-\n| Top Radio Songs Artist\n|-\n| x\n| Top Billboard 200 Album\n|-\n| rowspan=\"15\" | 2018\n| rowspan=\"9\" | Ed Sheeran\n| Top Artist\n| rowspan=\"2\" \n| rowspan=\"15\" |\n|-\n| Top Male Artist\n|-\n| Top Billboard 200 Artist\n| \n|-\n| Top Hot 100 Artist\n| rowspan=\"3\" \n|-\n| Top Song Sales Artist\n|-\n| Top Radio Songs Artist\n|-\n| Top Streaming Artist\n| rowspan=\"4\" \n|-\n| Top Touring Artist\n|-\n| Billboard Chart Achievement\n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | \"Shape of You\"\n| Top Hot 100 Song\n|-\n| Top Radio Song\n| \n|-\n| Top Streaming Song (Video)\n| rowspan=\"4\" \n|-\n| \"Perfect\"\n| Top Selling Song\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | \u00f7\n| Top Billboard 200 Album\n|-\n| Top Selling Album\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | 2019\n| rowspan=\"2\" | Ed Sheeran\n| Top Male Artist\n| \n|-\n| Top Touring Artist\n| \n\n|-\n| rowspan=\"9\" | 2022\n| rowspan=\"5\" | Ed Sheeran\n| Top Male Artist\n| \n\n| rowspan=\"9\" |\n|-\n| Top Billboard Global Artist\n| \n|-\n| Top Billboard Global (Excl. US) Artist\n| \n|-\n| Top Radio Song Artist\n| \n|-\n|Top Song Sales Artist\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"4\" | \"Bad Habits\"\n\n| Top Selling Song\n| \n|-\n| Top Radio Song\n| \n|-\n| Top Billboard Global (Excl. US) Song\n| \n|-\n| Top Billboard Global Artist Song\n| \n|-\n|}\n\nBMI Awards\n\nBMI Country Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| 2020\n| \"Tip of My Tongue\"\n| Top 50 Songs\n| \n| \n|-\n|}\n\nBMI London Awards\nThe Broadcast Music, Incorporated (BMI) Awards is an annual award show hosted for the purpose of giving awards to songwriters. Songwriters are selected each year from the entire BMI catalog, based on the number of performances during the award period.\n\n!\n|-\n| 2013\n| \"The A Team\"\n| rowspan=\"6\" | Pop Award Songs\n| \n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | 2014\n| \"Everything Has Changed\" \n| \n| rowspan=\"3\" | \n|-\n| \"Lego House\"\n| \n|-\n| \"Little Things\"\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | 2016\n| \"Photograph\"\n| \n| rowspan=\"3\" | \n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | \"Thinking Out Loud\" \n| \n|-\n| Song of the Year\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"4\" | 2017\n| Million Performance Songs\n| \n| rowspan=\"4\" | \n|-\n| \"Cold Water\"\n| rowspan=\"2\" | Pop Award Songs\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | \"Love Yourself\" \n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | Song of the Year\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"6\" | 2018\n| rowspan=\"3\" | \"Shape of You\"\n| \n| rowspan=\"6\" | \n|-\n| Million Performance Award\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"8\" | Pop Award Songs\n| \n|-\n| \"Castle on the Hill\"\n| \n|-\n| \"Perfect\"\n| \n|-\n| \"Strip That Down\"\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"5\" | 2019\n| \"Eastside\"\n| \n| rowspan=\"5\" | \n|-\n| \"End Game\" \n| \n|-\n| \"River\" \n| \n|-\n| \"The Rest of Our Life\n| \n|-\n| \"Shape of You\"\n| Million Performance Award\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"9\" | 2020\n| \"2002\"\n| rowspan=\"6\" | Pop Award Songs\n| \n| rowspan=\"9\" | \n|-\n| \"Beautiful People\" \n| \n|-\n| \"Cross Me\" \n| \n|-\n| \"I Don't Care\" \n| \n|-\n| \"Tip of My Tongue\n| \n|-\n| \"What Am I\"\n| \n|-\n| \"Shape of You\"\n| rowspan=\"5\" | Million Performance Award\n| \n|-\n| \"Perfect\"\n| \n|-\n| \"Thinking Out Loud\"\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"4\" | 2021\n| \"Shape of You\"\n| \n| rowspan=\"4\" | \n|-\n| \"Love Yourself\"\n| \n|-\n| \"South of the Border\" \n| rowspan=\"2\" | Most Performed Songs of the Year\n| \n|-\n| \"Underdog\"\n| \n|-\n\n| rowspan=\"4\" | 2022\n| Bad Habits\n|  Song of the Year\n| \n| rowspan=\"4\" | \n|-\n| Afterglow\n| rowspan=\"3\" | Most Performed Songs of the Year\n| \n|-\n|Shivers\n| \n|-\n| Bad Habits\n| \n\n|-\n|}\n\nBMI Pop Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| 2014\n| \"The A Team\"\n| Award Winning Songs\n| \n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"4\" | 2015\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Songwriter of the Year\n| \n| rowspan=\"4\" | \n|-\n| \"Everything Has Changed\" \n| rowspan=\"8\" | Award Winning Songs\n| \n|-\n| \"Lego House\"\n| \n|-\n| \"Sing\"\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | 2016\n| \"Don't\"\n| \n| rowspan=\"3\" | \n|-\n| \"Photograph\"\n| \n|-\n| Thinking Out Loud\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | 2017\n| \"Cold Water\"\n| \n| rowspan=\"2\" | \n|-\n| \"Love Yourself\"\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"4\" | 2018\n| rowspan=\"2\" | \"Shape of You\"\n| Song of the Year\n| \n| rowspan=\"4\" | \n|-\n| rowspan=\"9\" | Award Winning Songs\n| \n|-\n| \"Castle on the Hill\"\n| \n|-\n| \"Strip That Down\"\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | 2019\n| \"End Game\" \n| \n| rowspan=\"2\" | \n|-\n| \"Perfect\"\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | 2020\n| \"Beautiful People\" \n| \n| rowspan=\"3\" | \n|-\n| \"Eastside\"\n| \n|-\n| \"I Don't Care\" \n| \n|-\n| 2021\n| \"South of the Border\" \n| \n| \n|-\n|}\n\nBreakTudo Awards\nBreakTudo Awards (commonly abbreviated as a BTDAs) is a Brazilian award that takes place every year in Brazil\n\nGAFFA Awards\n\nGAFFA Awards (Denmark)\nDelivered since 1991. The GAFFA Awards (Danish: GAFFA Prisen) are a Danish award that rewards popular music awarded by the magazine of the same name.\n\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"|2014\n| Ed Sheeran\n| International Male Artist of the Year\n| \n|-\n| X\n| International Album of the Year\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"6\"|2018\n| Ed Sheeran\n| International Solo Artist of the Year\n| \n|-\n| Divide\n| International Album of the Year\n| \n|-\n| Castle on the Hill\n|rowspan=\"5\"| International Hit of the Year\n| \n|-\n| Galway Girl\n| \n|-\n| Perfect\n| \n|-\n| Shape of You\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"1\"|2019\n| \"River\"  \n| \n|-\n|}\n\nGAFFA Awards (Norway)\nDelivered since 2012. The GAFFA Awards (Norwegian: GAFFA Prisen) are a Norwegian award that rewards popular music awarded by the magazine of the same name.\n\n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\"|2014\n| Ed Sheeran\n| International Solo Artist of the Year\n| \n|-\n| X\n| International Album of the Year\n| \n|-\n| I See Fire\n| International Hit of the Year\n| \n|-\n|}\n\nGAFFA Awards (Sweden)\nDelivered since 2010. The GAFFA Awards (Swedish: GAFFA Priset) are a Swedish award that rewards popular music awarded by the magazine of the same name.\n\n!\n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\"| 2014\n| Himself\n| Best Foreign Solo Act\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"3\"|\n|-\n| X\n| Best Foreign Album\n| \n|-\n| \"I See Fire\"\n| rowspan=\"3\"| Best Foreign Song\n| \n|-\n| 2018\n| \"Shape of You\"\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" |\n|-\n| 2019\n| \"River\"\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" |\n|-\n|}\n\nGaon Chart Music Awards\nThe Gaon Chart Music Awards is an annual awards show in South Korea presented by the national music record chart, Gaon Chart.\n\n|-\n| align=\"center\"| 2017\n| Shape of You\n| International Song of the Year\n|\n|}\n\nGrammy Awards\n\n! \n|-\n|2013\n| \"The A Team\"\n| Song of the Year\n| \n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2014\n| Ed Sheeran\n|Best New Artist\n| \n|rowspan=2|\n|-\n|Red (as featured artist)\n|rowspan=\"2\"|Album of the Year\n| \n|-\n|rowspan=\"3\"|2015\n| rowspan=\"2\"|x\n| \n| rowspan=3|\n|-\n|Best Pop Vocal Album\n| \n|-\n| \"I See Fire\"\n|Best Song Written for Visual Media\n| \n|-\n|rowspan=\"4\"|2016\n|rowspan=\"3\"| \"Thinking Out Loud\"\n|Record of the Year\n|\n|rowspan=4|\n|-\n|Song of the Year\n|\n|-\n|Best Pop Solo Performance\n|\n|-\n|Beauty Behind the Madness (as featured artist)\n|Album of the Year\n|\n|-\n|2017\n|\"Love Yourself\" (as songwriter)\n|Song of the Year\n|\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2018\n|rowspan=\"1\"| \"Shape of You\"\n|Best Pop Solo Performance\n|\n|rowspan=2|\n|-\n|\u00f7\n|rowspan=\"2\"|Best Pop Vocal Album\n|\n|-\n|2020\n|No.6 Collaborations Project\n|\n|-\n|2022\n|Bad Habits\n|Song of the Year\n|\n|-\n|2023\n|\"Bam Bam\" (with Camila Cabello)\n| Best Pop Duo/Group Performance\n|\n|}\n\nGoldene Kamera\n\nGlobal Awards\n\nHouston Film Critics Society Awards\n\nIFPI Awards\nThe International Federation of the Phonographic Industry is the organisation that represents the interests of the recording industry worldwide\n\nJoox Thailand Music Awards \n\n!\n|-\n| 2017\n| rowspan=\"2\"| Ed Sheeran\n| rowspan=\"2\"| International Artist of the Year\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"| \n|-\n| 2018\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"| \n|}\n\nJuno Awards \n\n!\n|-\n| 2018\n| rowspan=\"1\"| \u00f7\n| rowspan=\"2\"| International Album of the Year\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| 2020\n| No.6 Collaborations Project\n| \n|-\n| 2023\n| =\n| International Album of the Year\n| \n|}\n\nLOS40 Music Awards\n\n|-\n| 2014 || x || Best International Album || \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | 2015 || \"Thinking Out Loud\" || Best International Song || rowspan=\"2\" \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | Ed Sheeran || Best International Act\n|-\n| rowspan=\"5\" | 2017 || International Artist of the Year || rowspan=\"2\" \n|-\n| \u00f7 || International Album of the Year\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | \"Shape of You\" || International Song of the Year || rowspan=\"3\" \n|-\n| International Video of the Year\n|-\n| \u00f7 Tour || Tour of the Year\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | 2018 ||Ed Sheeran || International Artist of the Year || rowspan=\"1\" \n|-\n| rowspan=\"1\" | \"Perfect\"  || International Song of the Year || rowspan=\"1\" \n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | 2019 || Ed Sheeran || International Artist of the Year || \n|-\n| No. 6 Collaborations Project || International Album of the Year || \n|-\n| \"I Don't Care\"  || International Song of the Year || \n|-\n| rowspan=\"4\" | 2021 || rowspan=\"2\" | Ed Sheeran || International Artist of the Year || \n|-\n| International Live Artist of the Year || \n|-\n| rowspan=2 | \"Bad Habits\" || International Song of the Year || \n|-\n| International Video of the Year || \n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\" | 2022\n| =\n| Best International Album\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\" | \"Bam Bam\" \n| Best International Song\n| \n|-\n| Best International Collaboration\n| \n|}\n\nLunas del Auditorio\n\n!\n|-\n| 2017\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Pop in Foreign Language\n| \n| \n|}\n\nMelon Music Awards\n\nMnet Asian Music Awards\n\nMOBO Awards\n\nMTV Awards\n\nMTV Europe Music Awards\n\nMTV Italian Music Awards\n\nMTV Video Music Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| 2013\n|\"Lego House\"\n| Best Male Video\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| 2014\n| \"Sing\" (featuring Pharrell Williams)\n| Best Male Video\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"6\"| 2015\n|rowspan=\"4\"| \"Thinking Out Loud\"\n| Video of the Year\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"6\"|\n|-\n| Best Male Video\n| \n|-\n| Best Pop Video\n| \n|-\n| Best Cinematography\n| \n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"| \"Don't\"\n| Best Choreography\n| \n|-\n| Best Editing\n| \n|-\n|rowspan=\"3\"| 2017\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Artist of the Year\n| \n|rowspan=\"3\"  style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| \"Shape of You\"\n| Best Pop\n| \n|-\n| \"Castle on the Hill\"\n| Best Cinematography\n| \n|-\n|rowspan=\"4\"| 2018\n|rowspan=\"3\"|  \"Perfect\"\n| Song of the Year\n| \n|rowspan=\"4\" style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| Best Pop\n| \n|-\n| Best Direction\n| \n|-\n| \"River\" \n| Best Cinematography\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2019\n| rowspan=\"2\"| \"I Don't Care\" \n| Best Collaboration\n| \n| rowspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| Song of Summer\n| \n|-\n| 2020\n| \"Beautiful People\" \n| Best Collaboration\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| rowspan=\"4\"| 2021\n| rowspan=\"4\"| \"Bad Habits\"\n| Video of the Year\n| \n| rowspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| Best Choreography\n| \n|-\n| Best Art Direction\n| \n|-\n| Song of Summer\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n\n|-\n|rowspan=\"5\"| 2022\n|rowspan=\"3\"|  \"Shivers\"\n| Video of the Year\n| \n|rowspan=\"5\" style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| Best Pop Video\n| \n|-\n| Best Direction\n| \n|-\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Artist of the Year\n| \n|-\n| \"Bam Bam\" \n| Best Cinematography\n|\n\nMTV Video Music Awards Japan\n\n!\n|-\n| 2017\n|\"Shape of You\"\n| Best Pop International Video\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n\nMTV Millennial Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| rowspan=\"3\"| 2018\n| \"River\" (ft. Eminem)\n| Collaboration of the Year\n| \n\n|-\n| \"Perfect\" \n| International Hit of the Year\n| \n|-\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Global Instagrammer\n|\n\nMTV Millennial Awards Brazil\n\n!\n|-\n| 2021\n| \"Bad Habits\"\n| Global Hit\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n\nMyx Music Awards\n\n!\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\" | 2018\n|\"Perfect\" \n| International Video of the Year\n|\n\nNickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards\n\nNickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards\n\n!\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2016\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Favorite Male Singer\n|\n|rowspan=2|\n|-\n|\"Thinking Out Loud\"\n|rowspan=\"2\"|Favorite Song\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2018\n|\"Shape of You\"\n|\n|rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|Ed Sheeran\n|rowspan=\"2\"|Favorite Male Singer\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2020\n|\n|rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|\"I Don't Care\" \n|Favorite Music Collaboration\n|\n\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2023\n|\"Bam Bam\" \n|Favorite Music Collaboration\n|\n|-\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Favorite Male Singer\n|\n|}\n\nNickelodeon UK Kids' Choice Awards\n\nMeus Pr\u00eamios Nick\nThe Meus Pr\u00eamios Nick is an annual awards show that awards entertainers with a blimp trophy, as voted by kids on internet. \n\n!\n|-\n| 2015\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Favorite International Artist\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" |\n|}\n\nNME Awards\n\nNRJ Music Awards\n\nPeople's Choice Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2015\n| \u00d7\n| Favorite Album\n| rowspan=\"2\" \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|  \n|-\n| rowspan=\"5\"| Ed Sheeran\n| rowspan=\"1\"|Favorite Male Artist\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2016\n| Favorite Male Artist\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n| Favorite Pop Artist\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"1\"| 2018\n| |Male Artist of the Year\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"1\"|\n|- \n| rowspan=\"3\"| 2019\n| Male Artist of the Year\n| \n|-\n|\"I Don't Care\"\n| Song of the Year\n|\n|-\n|No.6 Collaborations Project\n| Album of the Year\n|\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2022\n| Mathematics Tour\n| Concert Tour of the Year\n| \n|-\n|\"Bam Bam\" \n| Collaboration of the Year\n|\n\nPollstar Awards\nThe Pollstar Awards is an annual award ceremony to honor artists and professionals in the concert industry held by \"Pollstar\".\n\nThe Pop Hub Awards \nThe Pop Hub Awards is an annual internet fan-voted award show in Poland.\n\nRTHK International Pop Poll Awards \n\n!\n|-\n|rowspan=7|2022\n|rowspan=\"1\"| Ed Sheeran\n|rowspan=1| International Male Artist\n|\n|rowspan=7|\n|-\n|rowspan=6|Top 10 International Songs\n\n|rowspan=\"1\"|\"Merry Christmas\" \n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|\"Bam Bam\" \n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|\"2step\" \n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"| \"Bad Habits\"\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|\"Shivers\" \n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"1\"|\"Visiting Hours\" \n|\n|}\n\nSatellite Awards\n\n|-\n|2014\n|\"I See Fire\"\n|Best Original Song\n|\n|}\n\nSilver Clef Award\n\nSwiss Music Awards\n\n!\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2015\n|rowspan=\"1\"|Ed Sheeran\n|Best Act International\n|\n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|\"I See Fire\"\n|Best Hit International\n|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2018\n|rowspan=\"1\"|Ed Sheeran\n|Best Act International\n|\n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|\"Shape of You\"\n|Best Hit International\n|\n|-\n| 2022\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Best International Solo Act\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n\nTeen Choice Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| 2013\n| Choice Breakout Artist\n| rowspan=\"2\"|Ed Sheeran\n| rowspan=\"3\" \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n|rowspan=\"2\"|2014\n|Choice Male Artist\n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|Choice Song: Male Artist\n|\"Sing\" (featuring Pharrell Williams)\n|-\n|rowspan=\"6\"|2015\n|Choice Male Artist\n|rowspan=\"2\"|Ed Sheeran\n|rowspan=\"3\" \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"6\"|\n|-\n|Choice Summer Music Star Male\n|-\n|Choice Song: Male Artist\n|rowspan=\"2\"|\"Thinking Out Loud\"\n|-\n|Choice Love Song\n|rowspan=\"3\" \n|-\n|Choice Break-Up Song\n|\"Don't\"\n|-\n|Choice Summer Tour\n|x Tour\n|-\n| rowspan=3|2017\n| Choice Male Artist\n| Ed Sheeran\n| \n|rowspan=3|\n|-\n| Choice Song: Male Artist\n|rowspan=\"2\"| \"Shape of You\"\n| \n|-\n| Choice Pop Song\n|\n|-\n| rowspan=3|2018\n| Choice Male Artist\n| Ed Sheeran\n| \n|rowspan=3|\n\n|-\n| Choice Song: Male Artist\n|rowspan=\"1\"| \"Perfect\"\n| \n|-\n| Choice Collaboration\n|rowspan=\"1\"| \"End Game\"  (featuring Taylor Swift and Future)\n| \n|-\n\nTelehit Awards\n\nTEC Awards\n\nUK Music Video Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2011\n| rowspan=\"2\"| \"You Need Me, I Don't Need You\"\n| Best Urban Video \u2013 UK\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n| Best Editing in a Video\n| \n|-\n| 2014\n| \"Don't\"\n| Best Choreography in a Video\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2015\n| Ed Sheeran\n| Best Artist\n| \n| rowspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| \"Thinking Out Loud\"\n| Best Choreography in a Video\n| \n|-\n| 2016\n| Jumpers For Goalposts: Live at Wembley Stadium\n| Best Live Music Coverage\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2017\n| rowspan=\"2\"| \"Castle on the Hill\"\n| Best Pop Video \u2013 UK\n| \n| rowspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| Best Cinematography in a Video\n| \n|-\n| rowspan=\"2\"| 2019\n| \"Cross Me\" \n| rowspan=\"2\"| Best Pop Video \u2013 UK\n| \n| rowspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n|-\n| \"Antisocial\" \n| \n|-\n| 2021\n| \"Bad Habits\"\n| Best Visual Effects in a Video\n| \n|\n\nUrban Music Awards\n\nWorld Music Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| rowspan=\"5\"|2014\n| rowspan=\"5\"|Ed Sheeran\n| World's Best Male Artist\n| rowspan=\"3\" \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"3\"|\n|-\n| World's Best Live Act\n|-\n| World's Best Entertainer\n|-\n|World's Best British Solo Acted (Voted)\n|rowspan=2 \n| style=\"text-align:center;\" rowspan=\"2\"|\n|-\n|World's Best British Entertainer (Voted)\n\nYoung Hollywood Awards\n\n!\n|-\n| 2014\n|Ed Sheeran\n|Hottest Music Artist\n| \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n\nOther accolades\n\nHonorary degree \n{| class=\"wikitable sortable plainrowheaders\"\n|+Name of school, year given, and name of degree\n|-\n! scope=\"col\" | School\n! scope=\"col\" | Year\n! scope=\"col\" | Degree\n! scope=\"col\" class=\"unsortable\" | \n|-\n!scope=\"row\"| University of Suffolk\n| 2015\n| Honorary Doctorate of Music \n| style=\"text-align:center;\"|\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nAwards\nSheeran, Ed", "meta": {"title": "List of awards and nominations received by Ed Sheeran", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20awards%20and%20nominations%20received%20by%20Ed%20Sheeran", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hodkov je z\u00e1mek ve stejnojmenn\u00e9 vesnici jihov\u00fdchodn\u011b od Zbraslavic v\u00a0okrese Kutn\u00e1 Hora ve St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji. Postaven byl p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v\u00a0polovin\u011b devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, ale dochovan\u00e1 podoba je v\u00fdsledkem historizuj\u00edc\u00edch \u00faprav z\u00a0let 1912\u20131913. Z\u00e1mek s\u00a0p\u0159ilehl\u00fdm parkem je chr\u00e1n\u011bn jako kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tka.\n\nHistorie \nDoba zalo\u017een\u00ed hodkovsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1mku je nejasn\u00e1. Podle Tom\u00e1\u0161e \u0160imka nechal z\u00e1mek na severn\u00edm okraji star\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho dvora postavit Otto von W\u00e4chter, kdy\u017e statek roku 1850 koupil od kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 komory. Podle Pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9ho katalogu je j\u00e1dro budovy barokn\u00edho p\u016fvodu, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0osmn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed a v\u00a0polovin\u011b devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed k\u00a0n\u011bmu bylo p\u0159istav\u011bno pouze ji\u017en\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddlo. Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 p\u0159estavba z\u00e1mku, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se uplatnila \u0159ada historizuj\u00edc\u00edch sloh\u016f, prob\u011bhla v\u00a0letech 1912\u20131913 podle projektu architekta F.\u00a0Woretsche. Jej\u00edm inici\u00e1torem byl Alfr\u00e9d \u0160ebek, jeho\u017e rodin\u011b z\u00e1mek pat\u0159il do roku 1945. Ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed z\u00e1mek spravoval okresn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdbor v\u00a0Kutn\u00e9 Ho\u0159e, kter\u00fd budovu upravil pro pot\u0159eby d\u011btsk\u00e9ho domova.\n\nSou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho are\u00e1lu je vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1meck\u00e1 budova, br\u00e1na s\u00a0domkem vr\u00e1tn\u00e9ho, ohradn\u00ed ze\u010f s\u00a0branou a park. Jihov\u00fdchodn\u011b od are\u00e1lu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed poz\u016fstatky b\u00fdval\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho dvora s\u00a0cennou barokn\u00ed s\u00fdpkou.\n\nOdkazy\n\nReference\n\nSouvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky \n Seznam z\u00e1mk\u016f ve St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n\nZ\u00e1mky v okrese Kutn\u00e1 Hora\nKulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky v okrese Kutn\u00e1 Hora\nZbraslavice", "meta": {"title": "Hodkov (z\u00e1mek)", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodkov%20%28z%C3%A1mek%29", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'Eclissi solare del 18 luglio 1860, di tipo totale, \u00e8 un evento astronomico che ha avuto luogo il suddetto giorno attorno alle ore 14:26 UTC. La durata della fase massima dell'eclissi \u00e8 stata di 3 minuti e 39 secondi e l'ombra lunare sulla superficie terrestre ha raggiunto una larghezza di 198 km. L'eclissi aveva una magnitudo di 1,05. \n\nL'eclissi del 18 luglio 1860 \u00e8 stata la seconda eclissi solare nel 1860 e la 148\u00aa nel XIX secolo. La precedente eclissi solare si \u00e8 verificata il 23 gennaio 1860, la seguente l'11 gennaio 1861.\n\nPercorso e visibilit\u00e0 \n\nL'evento \u00e8 iniziato all'estremit\u00e0 occidentale del nord America ed ha attraversato tutto il continente per poi varcare l'Atlantico, entrando in territorio europeo dai Paesi Baschi per terminare vicino al Golfo Persico dopo avere attraversato il mare Mediterraneo.\n\nOsservazioni a fini scientifici \n\nI paesi Baschi furono luoghi di meta molto ambiti, per studiare l'evento, in quanto erano l'unico territorio europeo dove l'eclissi si manifestava nella sua fase di totalit\u00e0 con un tempo di osservazione interessante.\n\nIl gesuita e astronomo Angelo Secchi, direttore dell'osservatorio del Collegio Romano, ha fotografato l'eclissi effettuando i propri studi dal parco naturale del Desierto de las Palmas, nella provincia di Castell\u00f3n.\n\nL'astronomo inglese Warren de la Rue, ha scattato fotografie dell'evento da Rivabellosa, un Consiglio di Alava nel comune di Ribera Baja. Molti astronomi si sono incontrati anche a Vitoria-Gasteiz, evento che diede nome ad Astronomers Street nel quartiere di Santa Luzia.\n\nL'Accademia russa delle scienze organizz\u00f2 e finanzi\u00f2 una spedizione suddivisa in tre diversi gruppi. Il primo fu guidato da Otto Wilhelm von Struve, direttore dell'Osservatorio di Pulkovo. Il secondo gruppo fu diretto dal professor Alexei Nikolajewitsch Sawitsch di San Pietroburgo e il terzo guidato da von M\u00e4dler, direttore dell'Osservatorio di Tartu, in Estonia.\n\nLe delegazioni francese e spagnola hanno scelto le alture del Moncayo come punto di osservazione. La spedizione francese comprendeva ricercatori quali Jean Chacornac, Yvon Villarceau (primo astronomo dell'Osservatorio di Parigi), L\u00e9on Foucault e il direttore dell'Osservatorio di Parigi Urbain Le Verrier.\n\nIl fotografo e naturalista francese Eug\u00e8ne Trutat ha documentato osservazioni effettuate a Tolosa, Francia. Il materiale \u00e8 conservato presso il Museo di storia naturale di Tolosa.\n\nL'astronomo ed ufficiale navale americano James Melville Gilliss osservo l'evento da Washington.\n\nEspulsione di massa coronale \nAlcune documentazioni attesterebbero che durante questa eclissi totale sarebbe stata osservata per la prima volta un'espulsione di massa coronale.\n\nEclissi correlate\n\nCiclo di Saros 124 \nL'evento appartiene alla serie 124 del ciclo di Saros che per le eclissi solari si verifica nel nodo discendente della Luna, ripetendosi ogni 18 anni, 11 giorni, contenente 73 eventi.\n\nL'eclissi nella letteratura d massa \n\n L'eclissi solare del 18 luglio 1860 ha dato il titolo al capitolo XXIII del primo volume del romanzo d'avventura del 1873 Il paese delle pellicce (in francese Le Pays des fourrures) di Jules Verne.\n\nNote\n\nBibliografia\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \nGlossario eclissi\n\nEventi del 1860\n18600718", "meta": {"title": "Eclissi solare del 18 luglio 1860", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclissi%20solare%20del%2018%20luglio%201860", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El New York Herald era un diari de gran tirada, editat a New York entre 1835 i 1924. Durant la guerra de Secessi\u00f3, el diari sostenia el  Partit Dem\u00f2crata. Va finan\u00e7ar l'expedici\u00f3 de Henry Morton Stanley a l'\u00c0frica per trobar David Livingstone aix\u00ed com l'expedici\u00f3 de George W. DeLong a les regions \u00e0rtiques el 1879.\n\nEl 4 d'octubre de 1887, Bennett Jr. va llan\u00e7ar l'edici\u00f3 europea del diari a Par\u00eds. Despr\u00e9s de la mort d'aquest, amb el New York Herald va competir el New York Tribune el 1924. El 1959, el New York Herald Tribune i la seva edici\u00f3 europea van ser venuts a John Hay Whitney, que era aleshores ambaixador dels EUA a la Gran Bretanya. El 1966, el Washington Post i el New York Times es van guanyar el control del diari de Par\u00eds, avui l'International Herald Tribune.\n\nDiaris dels Estats Units en angl\u00e8s", "meta": {"title": "New York Herald", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20Herald", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 1924 Mississippi State Teachers Yellow Jackets football team was an American football team that represented the Mississippi State Teachers College (now known as the University of Southern Mississippi) as an independent during the 1924 college football season. In their first year under head coach William Herschel Bobo, the team compiled a 3\u20133\u20132 record.\n\nSchedule\n\nReferences\n\nMississippi State Teachers\nSouthern Miss Golden Eagles football seasons\nMississippi State Teachers Yellow Jackets football", "meta": {"title": "1924 Mississippi State Teachers Yellow Jackets football team", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924%20Mississippi%20State%20Teachers%20Yellow%20Jackets%20football%20team", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": ".\nMarc Claude Naulin (Paris, 1743 - Paris, ) fut substitut de l'accusateur public pr\u00e8s le Tribunal r\u00e9volutionnaire puis vice-pr\u00e9sident de ce tribunal.\n\nBiographie \n\nN\u00e9 et d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris, Marc Claude Naulin, homme de loi rue du Foin Saint-Jacques, fut nomm\u00e9 juge au Tribunal criminel extraordinaire du . Il rempla\u00e7a Bercher comme Commissaire national au Tribunal du  arrondissement le .\n\nIl fut substitut de l'accusateur public pr\u00e8s le Tribunal r\u00e9volutionnaire d\u00e8s le  puis vice-pr\u00e9sident de ce m\u00eame tribunal en vertu de la Loi de Prairial (22 prairial an II, ). Il fut d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 d'arrestation et remplac\u00e9 par Petit d'Hauterive. Il comparut devant le Tribunal r\u00e9volutionnaire avec Fouquier-Tinville et ses coll\u00e8gues le 24 mars 1793 mais fut acquitt\u00e9 le 18 flor\u00e9al an III ().\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nSources \n R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise de Jules Michelet\n\n \n \n \n\nNaulin,Marc Claude\nNaissance en 1743\nNaissance \u00e0 Paris\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en avril 1799\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e0 Paris", "meta": {"title": "Marc Claude Naulin", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%20Claude%20Naulin", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Longobardi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n\nCristian Longobardi, an Italian football player\nJoseph J. Longobardi, an American federal judge\nLongobardi people, an Italian name for the Lombards, a Germanic people\nMarcelo Longobardi, Argentine journalist\nNino Longobardi, Italian artist\n\nSee also \n\n Longobardi (disambiguation)\n Longobardo\n\nItalian-language surnames", "meta": {"title": "Longobardi (surname)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longobardi%20%28surname%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Frosses () is a small village in County Donegal, Ireland. It is situated in the south of the county on the R262 regional road,  west of Donegal Town. The local Catholic Church is St. Mary's, located on the main street.\n\nHistory\nThe name of the village is said to come from the Irish for \"showers\", which refers to food that fell from the sky and saved locals during the famine.\nThe first chapel in the village was reportedly built in 1780, and completed in 1808. The bell tower was added to the church in 1892.\n\nAmenities\nThe village contains a community hall, a montessori, grocery shop, hairdressers, coffee stall, printing shop, and a restaurant and B&B.\n\nTransport\nThe village is served by the 490 bus.\n\nNotable people\nMary Coughlan, former T\u00e1naiste, has lived in Frosses.\n\nSee also\n List of populated places in Ireland\n\nReferences\n\nTowns and villages in County Donegal", "meta": {"title": "Frosses", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frosses", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Carlo J. Caparas' Panday or simply Panday () is a Philippine fantasy television series on ABS-CBN. The pilot episode of the first book (Panday: Unang Yugto) aired on November 7, 2005, replacing Ikaw ang Lahat sa Akin and ended with its last episode on December 9, 2005. The second book (Panday: Ang Ikalawang Yugto) aired its pilot episode on April 3, 2006, ended with the series finale on May 26, 2006, and was replaced by Calla Lily. The series is based on the fictional comics character of the same name, which was created by Carlo J. Caparas and illustrated by Steve Gan.\n\nBackground\nPanday literally means \"the blacksmith\". Ang Panday is the TV adaptation of the Fernando Poe Jr. film series Ang Panday from the early 1980s. It is about a blacksmith who made an enchanted sword that gives him special powers to battle the dark forces.\n\nSome of the location shots were taken in a remote town in Bohol, where the beach is white. Locals called it \"colgate-white\".\n\nPlot\nA meteor crashes into the desert of Sto. Sepulcro. The town blacksmith, Flavio, forges a dagger and a churchbell from the remains of the meteor. He uses the dagger to fight off the evil Sombra Oscura, who constantly attacks the town. By some mystical power, the dagger transforms into a great sword every time Flavio wields it.\n\nIn his final battle against evil, the Panday faces off against Lizardo, the son of Rodgin and the leader of the Sombras. The battle is intense, but Flavio prevails in the end, vanquishing Lizardo.\n\nHaving saved Sto. Sepulcro, Flavio decides to give up his sword. He goes to the church and casts his fabled weapon into the bell he also made. A white light then shoots out from the sky, and it lifts up Panday into the heavens.\n\nThe people of Sto. Sepulcro rejoice now that Panday has brought them peace. Unbeknownst to them, the Sombras discover that there is a part of Lizardo that is still alive \u2014 his brain.\n\nTo bring him back to life, they must transcend time and space to look for the girl who can resurrect their master.\nIn that time, Tristan, (played by Jericho Rosales) as the town's blacksmith, forges another sword with the same Flavio created.\n\nCast and characters\n\nMain cast\nJericho Rosales as Tristan/Panday\nHeart Evangelista as Eden/Camia\n\nSupporting cast\nVictor Neri as Lizardo\nNante Montreal as Tata Selo\nJulio Pacheco as Utoy\n\nUnang Yugto characters\n\nWorld 1\nPhillip Salvador as Flavio/Panday\nMarianne dela Riva as Esmeralda\nNante Montreal as Tata Selo\nRoldan Aquino as Mang Emong\nChris Vertido as Padre Damian\nShyr Valdez as Lolita\nChen Zenhric Dimayuga as Diego\nIan de Leon as Domingo\nChristopher Roxas as Julio\nNeri Naig as Florentina\nEva Darren as Nana Selo\nBea Nicolas as Henia\nJoe Gruta as Misteryosong Matanda\nJoshua Dionisio as Boyet\nMico Palanca as Alfred\nMike Austria as Mr. Roxas\nVivian Foz as Mrs. Roxas\nMichaela Espinosa as Danica\n\nIkalawang Yugto characters\n\nWorld 2\nDerek Ramsay as Kahimu\nMonsour del Rosario as Kaupay\nLevi Ignacio as Kahuyo\nDan Fernandez as Kabuog\nApreal Tolentino as Suruguon\nJeni Hernandez as Madalagan\nAshley Silverio as Mabaysay\nVanessa Gomez as Masayawon\nMaricar Fernandez as Makantahon\nDiana Dayao as Matawahon\n\nWorld 3\nKristine Hermosa as Camia\nPaw Diaz as Dahlia\nAnna Larrucea as Magnolia\nTanya Gomez as Violeta (past)\nErich Gonzales as Violeta (present)\nRafael Rosell as Calyptus\nEric Fructuoso as Gumma\nKetchup Eusebio as Orkido\n\nVillains\n\nUnang Yugto villains\n\nWorld 1\nRommel Montano as Socur\nMon Confiado as Magnus\nLevi Ignacio as Feirrus\nPaul Guzman as Rusticus \nAleck Bovick as Lady Feirrus\n\nIkalawang Yugto villains\n\nWorld 2\nDimples Romana as Manaram\nMichelle Bayle as Andam\n\nWorld 3\nVictor Neri as Jiamondo\nCarlos Agassi as Jaffir\nJeremiah Rosales as Emer\nBernard Palanca as Kamatayan\n\nProduction\n\nCasting\nIn June 2005, Heart Evangelista was cast as Eden, the love interest of Tristan, after a two-month-long auditioning process was conducted by ABS-CBN.\n\nReception\nAccording to AGB Neilsen, the pilot episode of Ang Panday gained an impressive of 44.7% national ratings, winning against its rival Encantadia.\n\nSee also\nFantaserye and telefantasya\nList of shows previously aired by ABS-CBN\nList of dramas of ABS-CBN\nAng Panday (2016 TV series)\nAng Panday (2017 film)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nPanday\n2005 Philippine television series debuts\n2006 Philippine television series endings\nABS-CBN drama series\nFantaserye and telefantasya\nFilipino-language television shows\nTelevision series by Star Creatives\nTelevision shows based on comics\nTelevision shows set in the Philippines", "meta": {"title": "Panday (2005 TV series)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panday%20%282005%20TV%20series%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Henry Duncan Graham \"Harry\" Crerar, f\u00f6dd 28 april 1888, d\u00f6d 1 april 1965, var en kanadensisk general och landets f\u00f6rsta \"ledande f\u00e4ltbef\u00e4lhavare\" under andra v\u00e4rldskriget.\n\nVid operation Overlord var Crerar bef\u00e4lhavare \u00f6ver First Canadian Army.\n\n1946 l\u00e4mnade han kanadensiska arm\u00e9n och kom senare att betr\u00e4da diplomatiska befattningar i Tjeckoslovakien, Nederl\u00e4nderna och Japan. \n\nKanadensiska generaler\nF\u00f6dda 1888\nM\u00e4n\nAvlidna 1965", "meta": {"title": "Harry Crerar", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20Crerar", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Brachelia minor \u00e4r en tv\u00e5vingeart som beskrevs av Louis-Paul Mesnil 1968. Brachelia minor ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Brachelia och familjen parasitflugor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nParasitflugor\nminor", "meta": {"title": "Brachelia minor", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachelia%20minor", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e (, )\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0456, \u0443 \u0433\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456 \u0417\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438-\u041a\u0443\u044f\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0406\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0446\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 \u041a\u0443\u044f\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e-\u041f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014   (2011).\n\n\u0423 1975-1998 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0411\u0438\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0449\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0454\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 31 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044f 2011 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443:\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n.\n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0406\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0446\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e (\u0406\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0446\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%20%28%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le sac Kelly, sac \u00e0 main cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 1935 par l'entreprise de luxe Herm\u00e8s, et dont le nom fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la princesse Grace Kelly, est l'un des symboles de la marque depuis 1956 au m\u00eame titre que le carr\u00e9 de soie ou le dessin de la cal\u00e8che sur le logotype.\n\nHistoire d'un succ\u00e8s \nEn 1892, Herm\u00e8s commercialise le \u00ab haut \u00e0 Courroies \u00bb, un grand sac en cuir destin\u00e9 \u00e0 porter les bottes et la selle d'un cavalier. En 1923, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 sort le \u00ab Torpedo \u00bb, un sac tr\u00e8s simple con\u00e7u pour \u00eatre pos\u00e9 dans une porti\u00e8re de voiture, cr\u00e9\u00e9 par \u00c9mile-Maurice (le petit-fils de Thierry Herm\u00e8s, le fondateur) et Ettore Bugatti pour son \u00e9pouse Julie. Sa forme \u00e9pouse la courbe d'une calandre. Il servira d'inspiration au \u00ab Kelly \u00bb.\n\nDans les ann\u00e9es 1930, Robert Dumas, gendre d'\u00c9mile-Maurice Herm\u00e8s, d\u00e9cide de lancer une plus petite version pour les femmes. Simple et architectur\u00e9, souple et solide, le sac de Robert Dumas est con\u00e7u pour que les femmes puissent voyager en trimballant tous leurs objets. En 1935, le sac \u00e0 main est lanc\u00e9 : il est encore plus petit, avec la possibilit\u00e9 d'y ajouter une bandouli\u00e8re. Apr\u00e8s son nom d'origine de \u00ab haut \u00e0 courroies \u00bb, celui-ci se nomme \u00ab\u00a0sac de voyage \u00e0 courroie, pour dames\u00a0\u00bb puis \u00ab\u00a0sac \u00e0 d\u00e9p\u00eaches pour dames\u00a0\u00bb.\n\nEn 1954, Alfred Hitchcock sugg\u00e8re \u00e0 Edith Head, sa costumi\u00e8re, d'aller \u00e0 Paris chez Herm\u00e8s avec Grace Kelly acheter des accessoires pour le film La Main au collet.  dira la costumi\u00e8re. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1950, une photo va changer la destin\u00e9e de ce sac : c\u2019est celle de l'actrice am\u00e9ricaine Grace Kelly, le portant en compagnie de son \u00e9poux, le Prince Rainier. Elle le tenait devant son ventre, pour dissimuler sa grossesse qui n\u2019\u00e9tait pas encore officielle. Cette photographie publi\u00e9e la premi\u00e8re fois dans Life, et qui a fait le tour du monde en couverture des magazines, e\u00fbt un impact \u00e9norme. Toutes les femmes qui poussaient la porte de la boutique Herm\u00e8s demandaient un sac \u00ab\u00a0Kelly\u00a0\u00bb. Alors, 21 ans apr\u00e8s sa cr\u00e9ation, Herm\u00e8s d\u00e9cide de rebaptiser le \u00ab\u00a0sac de voyage \u00e0 courroie\u00a0\u00bb le \u00ab\u00a0sac Kelly\u00a0\u00bb.\n \nCe sac d\u00e9fini comme , avec sa fermeture caract\u00e9ristique \u00e0 deux courroies de cuir et son minuscule cadenas, qu'il soit en version cuir, toile et cuir, autruche ou crocodile, est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le Classique d'Herm\u00e8s. Il est prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par quatre gros clous en dessous.\n\nDurant sa premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e chez Herm\u00e8s en automne 2004, Jean Paul Gaultier revisite le \u00ab\u00a0Kelly\u00a0\u00bb en cr\u00e9ant le \u00ab\u00a0Shoulder Kelly\u00a0\u00bb tout en longueur, \u00e0 porter sous le bras sur l'\u00e9paule. Le \u00ab\u00a0Kelly Flat\u00a0\u00bb, mou, qui peut \u00eatre facilement pli\u00e9 et rang\u00e9, suivra au printemps 2007 par le m\u00eame cr\u00e9ateur de mode.\nDisponible en huit tailles diff\u00e9rentes (de 15 \u00e0 50 cm), le \u00ab\u00a0Kelly\u00a0\u00bb n\u00e9cessite 18 \u00e0 20 heures de confection environ, enti\u00e8rement r\u00e9alis\u00e9e \u00e0 la main par un unique artisan, avec des coutures en fil de lin. Il est disponible dans une vingtaine de mati\u00e8res, et de nombreux coloris. La plupart des ventes se font sur r\u00e9servation ou sur commande, avec une personnalisation possible pour chaque client. C'est l'un des rares accessoire de mode imm\u00e9diatement identifiable par un pr\u00e9nom, comme le sac \u00ab\u00a0Jackie\u00a0\u00bb de Gucci, le sac \u00ab\u00a0Alexa\u00a0\u00bb de Mulberry, ou encore le sac \u00ab\u00a0Sophia Coppola\u00a0\u00bb de Louis Vuitton. \n\nSi Grace Kelly avait une grande collection de sac Kelly, plus r\u00e9cemment c'est Victoria Beckham qui est reconnue comme une grande collectionneuse de ce mod\u00e8le, ainsi que du sac Birkin. La cote du sac Kelly d'occasion suit une courbe ascendante dans les ann\u00e9es 2010 : son prix moyen s'est multipli\u00e9 par deux en 7 ans.\n\nDans la culture populaire\n\nCin\u00e9ma \n Dans le film Le Divorce, de James Ivory, sorti en 2003, le sac Kelly joue un r\u00f4le important dans l'intrigue : il s'agit du cadeau syst\u00e9matique de \u00ab\u00a0Palou\u00a0\u00bb (Thierry Lhermitte), le s\u00e9ducteur, \u00e0 toutes ses ma\u00eetresses.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nNotes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nArticles connexes \n Birkin\n Carr\u00e9 Herm\u00e8s\n Sac Jackie\n\nKelly\nLuxe\nMode f\u00e9minine\nKelly\nGrace Kelly", "meta": {"title": "Sac Kelly", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sac%20Kelly", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tillandsia jaguactalensis \u00e4r en gr\u00e4sv\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Iv\u00f3n Mercedes Ram\u00edrez Morillo, Germ\u00e1n Carnevali och F.Chi. Tillandsia jaguactalensis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Tillandsia och familjen Bromeliaceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nGr\u00e4sordningen\njaguactalensis", "meta": {"title": "Tillandsia jaguactalensis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tillandsia%20jaguactalensis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "H\u00e9risson est une commune fran\u00e7aise, situ\u00e9e dans le d\u00e9partement de l'Allier en r\u00e9gion Auvergne-Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes.\n\nG\u00e9ographie\n\nDescription \nH\u00e9risson est un village m\u00e9di\u00e9val du Nord de l\u2019Allier, nich\u00e9 dans une cuvette, avec son ch\u00e2teau au sommet d'une colline qui domine l'Aumance, rivi\u00e8re qui traverse le village.\n\nUne partie de son territoire est concern\u00e9 par la protection Natura 2000 des \"G\u00eetes \u00e0 chauves-souris de H\u00e9risson\".\n\nLe territoire communal est travers\u00e9 par les routes d\u00e9partementales 3 (reliant Montlu\u00e7on au sud-ouest et C\u00e9rilly au nord-est), 11 (reliant Vallon-en-Sully \u00e0 l'ouest et Cosne-d'Allier \u00e0 l'est), ainsi que les  (vers Meaulne-Vitray) et 251 (vers Louroux-Bourbonnais).\n\nCommunes limitrophes \nSes communes limitrophes sont :\n\nHydrographie \n\nL'Aumance draine la commune, situ\u00e9e dans un m\u00e9andre de la rivi\u00e8re \u00e0 une quinzaine de kilom\u00e8tres de son confluent avec le Cher. C'est donc  un sous-affluent de la Loire\n\nUrbanisme\n\nTypologie \nH\u00e9risson est une commune rurale. Elle fait en effet partie des communes peu ou tr\u00e8s peu denses, au sens de la grille communale de densit\u00e9 de l'Insee. \nLa commune est en outre hors attraction des villes.\n\nOccupation des sols \n\nL'occupation des sols de la commune, telle qu'elle ressort de la base de donn\u00e9es europ\u00e9enne d\u2019occupation biophysique des sols Corine Land Cover (CLC), est marqu\u00e9e par l'importance des territoires agricoles (81,8 % en 2018), une proportion identique \u00e0 celle de 1990 (82,1 %). La r\u00e9partition d\u00e9taill\u00e9e en 2018 est la suivante : \nprairies (49,9 %), zones agricoles h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes (23,9 %), for\u00eats (17,1 %), terres arables (8 %), zones urbanis\u00e9es (1,1 %).\n\nL'IGN met par ailleurs \u00e0 disposition un outil en ligne permettant de comparer l\u2019\u00e9volution dans le temps de l\u2019occupation des sols de la commune (ou de territoires \u00e0 des \u00e9chelles diff\u00e9rentes). Plusieurs \u00e9poques sont accessibles sous forme de cartes ou photos a\u00e9riennes : la carte de Cassini (), la carte d'\u00e9tat-major (1820-1866) et la p\u00e9riode actuelle (1950 \u00e0 aujourd'hui).\n\nToponymie \nLa commune est la premi\u00e8re commune de bourbonnais d'o\u00efl. Elle se situe juste au dessus de l'extr\u00eame-nord du Croissant, zone o\u00f9 les parlers occitans (ici le marchois) et de langue d'o\u00efl se m\u00e9langent. Le nom local est .\n\nHistoire \nLa l\u00e9gende raconte que les habitants de la ville antique de Cord\u00e8s vinrent s'installer \u00e0 H\u00e9risson pour se prot\u00e9ger des invasions barbares. H\u00e9risson est au Moyen \u00c2ge l'une des dix-sept ch\u00e2tellenies du Bourbonnais et elle a en plus le r\u00f4le de d\u00e9fendre la fronti\u00e8re avec l'Aquitaine. Un premier ch\u00e2teau est construit par les sires de Bourbon pour contr\u00f4ler les passages sur l'Aumance vers le . Durant la Guerre de Cent Ans, les Anglais, qui poss\u00e8dent l'Aquitaine, menacent directement le Bourbonnais et assi\u00e8gent le ch\u00e2teau d'H\u00e9risson qui r\u00e9siste. Apr\u00e8s la Fronde, le cardinal Mazarin, qui r\u00e9git la France avec Anne d'Autriche durant la minorit\u00e9 de Louis XIV, fait d\u00e9manteler le ch\u00e2teau d'H\u00e9risson. Il sert ensuite de carri\u00e8re de pierres.\n\n\u00c0 la R\u00e9volution, H\u00e9risson devient chef-lieu de canton, mais sa situation en cuvette, donc loin des axes routiers, ne favorise pas son d\u00e9veloppement. C'est la ville voisine de Cosne-d'Allier, qui avec la ligne de train Montlu\u00e7on-Moulins, va se d\u00e9velopper beaucoup plus qu'H\u00e9risson. La ville d'H\u00e9risson est aujourd'hui essentiellement touristique gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un patrimoine riche, en plus de l'administration locale en tant que chef-lieu de canton.\n\nPolitique et administration \nLa commune, institu\u00e9e par la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise, absorbe entre 1790 et 1794 celle du Lacq, puis, entre 1801 et 1806, celle de Ch\u00e2teloy.\n\nRattachements administratifs et \u00e9lectoraux \n Rattachements administratifs \nLa commune se trouve  dans l'arrondissement de Montlu\u00e7on du d\u00e9partement de l'Allier.\n\nElle \u00e9tait  depuis 1793 le chef-lieu  du canton de H\u00e9risson. Dans le cadre du red\u00e9coupage cantonal de 2014 en France, cette circonscription administrative territoriale a disparu, et le canton n'est plus qu'une circonscription \u00e9lectorale.\n\n Rattachements \u00e9lectoraux \nPour les \u00e9lections d\u00e9partementales, la commune fait partie depuis 2014 du canton d'Huriel\n\nPour l'\u00e9lection des d\u00e9put\u00e9s, elle fait partie de la deuxi\u00e8me circonscription de l'Allier.\n\nIntercommunalit\u00e9 \nH\u00e9risson est membre de la communaut\u00e9 de communes du Pays de Tron\u00e7ais, un \u00e9tablissement public de coop\u00e9ration intercommunale (EPCI) \u00e0 fiscalit\u00e9 propre cr\u00e9\u00e9 fin 1999 et auquel la commune a transf\u00e9r\u00e9 un certain nombre de ses comp\u00e9tences, dans les conditions d\u00e9termin\u00e9es par le code g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des collectivit\u00e9s territoriales.\n\nListe des maires\n\nDistinctions et labels \nH\u00e9risson b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie du label Petite cit\u00e9 de caract\u00e8re depuis le .\n\nH\u00e9risson concourt en 2021 pour \u00eatre labellis\u00e9 Village pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 des Fran\u00e7ais\n\nPopulation et soci\u00e9t\u00e9\n\nD\u00e9mographie\n\nEnseignement \nH\u00e9risson d\u00e9pend de l'acad\u00e9mie de Clermont-Ferrand. Elle fait partie d'un regroupement p\u00e9dagogique intercommunal avec la commune de Venas et l'ancienne commune de Louroux-Hodement.\n\nLes \u00e9l\u00e8ves de maternelle et de cours pr\u00e9paratoire (CP) vont \u00e0 H\u00e9risson, ceux de cours \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire  et  \u00e0 Venas, ceux de cours moyen  et  \u00e0 Louroux-Hodement.\n\nIls poursuivent leur scolarit\u00e9 au coll\u00e8ge de Cosne-d'Allier puis dans les lyc\u00e9es de Montlu\u00e7on\n\nCulture \nLe Footsbarn Theatre est une compagnie d'origine anglaise, cr\u00e9\u00e9e en Cornouailles en 1971. Apr\u00e8s une p\u00e9riode d'itin\u00e9rance, elle fait en 1991 l'acquisition d'un corps de ferme au lieu-dit La Chauss\u00e9e, d\u00e9pendant du village voisin de Maillet, \u00e0 la limite sud-ouest d'H\u00e9risson. Les b\u00e2timents sont restaur\u00e9s et deviennent le si\u00e8ge de la compagnie.\n\nManifestations culturelles et festivit\u00e9s \nLe com\u00e9dien Olivier Perrier, natif d'H\u00e9risson, cr\u00e9e en 1976, avec Jean-Louis Hourdin et Jean-Paul Wenzel, les Rencontres th\u00e9\u00e2trales d'H\u00e9risson. En 1979, leur groupe prend le nom de F\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9s. Cette exp\u00e9rience donne naissance en 1981 \u00e0 Montlu\u00e7on \u00e0 un centre de cr\u00e9ation th\u00e9\u00e2trale, qui dispose \u00e0 partir de 1985 d'une nouvelle salle, le th\u00e9\u00e2tre des Ilets, et qui est reconnu en 1993 comme Centre dramatique national. En 1989 ouvre \u00e0 H\u00e9risson un studio de production, Le Cube. En 2003, le duo passe la main.Le village de H\u00e9risson reste au c\u0153ur d'une activit\u00e9 th\u00e9\u00e2trale dynamique.\n\nL'\u00e9glise romane Saint-Pierre de Ch\u00e2teloy est le si\u00e8ge d'un festival annuel de musique de chambre fond\u00e9 en 1966, le Festival de Musique en Bourbonnais. Chaque \u00e9t\u00e9, cinq ou six concerts sont donn\u00e9s dans l'\u00e9glise.\n\n\u00c9conomie\n\nCulture locale et patrimoine\n\nLieux et monuments \n Mur gaulois de fortification entourant la ville de Ch\u00e2teloy.\n Ch\u00e2teau m\u00e9di\u00e9val des , qui domine la cit\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e9vale et l'Aumance. M.H.\n\n \u00c9glise Saint-Pierre de Ch\u00e2teloy du  (romane). M.H.\n Clocher Saint-Sauveur du . M.H. (1927). Seul vestige de l'ancienne coll\u00e9giale Saint-Sauveur. Un escalier \u00e0 vis, dans une tourelle accol\u00e9e au clocher, permet d'acc\u00e9der \u00e0 la chambre des cloches. La restauration du monument a \u00e9t\u00e9 achev\u00e9e en 2011. La fl\u00e8che a \u00e9t\u00e9 couverte de tavaillons (tuiles en bois, faites ici d'acacia).\n \u00c9glise Notre-Dame du .\n Tours-portes des . La porte de Varenne et la porte de la Rivi\u00e8re sont ainsi des monuments historiques.\n Chapelle du Calvaire du , r\u00e9cemment restaur\u00e9e.\n Chapelle Saint-\u00c9tienne du . M.H. (1986).\n Cit\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e9vale des . M.H.\n Maison La Synagogue, maison du d\u00e9but du  remarquable par ses peintures murales et sa charpente, situ\u00e9e 3, rue de l'Abb\u00e9-Aury. M.H.\n Jeu de neutrou sur la place.\n\nPersonnalit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 la commune \n Louis Bignon, restaurateur fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 \u00e0 H\u00e9risson le  et d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 le . Il racheta en 1854 le Caf\u00e9 de Foy \u00e0 Paris et en fit un restaurant r\u00e9put\u00e9.\n Henri Harpignies, peintre du , qui a beaucoup peint \u00e0 H\u00e9risson ou dans les alentours.\n Camille Gagnon (1893-1983), n\u00e9 \u00e0 H\u00e9risson, magistrat, historien et folkloriste fran\u00e7ais.\n Gaston Leduc (1904-1979), n\u00e9 \u00e0 H\u00e9risson, professeur d'\u00e9conomie \u00e0 Caen puis \u00e0 Paris IV-Sorbonne, membre de l'Acad\u00e9mie des sciences morales et politiques (1967).\n J\u00fcrg Kreienb\u00fchl (1932-2007), peintre du , ayant s\u00e9journ\u00e9 et r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une trentaine de toiles sur la ville et la chapelle du Calvaire dans les ann\u00e9es 1970.\n Olivier Perrier, acteur, codirecteur du Th\u00e9\u00e2tre des F\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9s.\n\nH\u00e9risson dans les arts \nLe film de Ren\u00e9 Allio Un m\u00e9decin des Lumi\u00e8res (1988) se d\u00e9roule \u00e0 H\u00e9risson.\n\nH\u00e9raldique\n\nVoir aussi\n\nBibliographie \n Jean-Claude Renon, H\u00e9risson en Bourbonnais. De Ch\u00e2teloy \u00e0 H\u00e9risson, vingt si\u00e8cles d'histoire au pied du ch\u00e2teau, Charroux, Cahiers bourbonnais, 2009, 222 p., ill.\n\nArticles connexes \n Liste des communes de l'Allier\n\nLiens externes \n\n Site touristique du village de H\u00e9risson\n .\n\n .\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nNotes et cartes \n Notes\n\n Cartes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nCommune dans l'Allier\n 00\nPetite Cit\u00e9 de caract\u00e8re", "meta": {"title": "H\u00e9risson (Allier)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9risson%20%28Allier%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Temple of Piety was a sanctuary in Ancient Rome dedicated to the goddess Pietas. The temple was founded in 191 BC and torn down in 44 BC.\n\nSee also\nList of Ancient Roman temples\n\nReferences\n\nPiety\nRoman temples by deity\n2nd-century BC religious buildings and structures\nDestroyed temples", "meta": {"title": "Temple of Piety", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple%20of%20Piety", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041f\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u045a\u0430:\n\n \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430 (\u0412\u0430\u0443\u0442\u043b\u0430), \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443\n \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430 (\u0423\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e), \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443\n \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430 (\u0422\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0433\u043e), \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443\n \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430 (\u0411\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0425\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437), \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041f\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0430", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lapas est une freguesia (paroisse civile) portugaise du concelho (commune) de Torres Novas, dans le district de Santar\u00e9m.\n\nAvec une superficie de  et une population de  (2001), la paroisse poss\u00e8de une densit\u00e9 de .\n\nFreguesias limitrophes \n\nFreguesia au Portugal", "meta": {"title": "Lapas", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapas", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nenad Petrovi\u0107, hrva\u0161ki problemist, * 7. september 1907, Zagreb, Avstro-Ogrska (Hrva\u0161ka), \u2020 9. november 1989, Zagreb.\n\nNenad Petrovi\u0107 je bil eden najpomembnej\u0161ih hrva\u0161kih in tudi jugoslovanskih problemistov. \u0160ahovske probleme je sestavljal od svojega 17 leta, pri dvajsetih (leta 1925) pa je \u017ee urejal problemsko rubriko v \u010dasopisu \u0160ahovski glasnik do vse do leta 1958. \n\nPetrovi\u0107 je s skupaj jugoslovansko ekipo zmagal na svetovnem prvenstvu v re\u0161evanju problemov. Leta 1949 je napisal knjigo \u0160ahovski problem, leta 1950 pa je za\u010del izdajati revijo za problemski \u0161ah Problem. Revija je nekaj let kasneje postala uradno glasilo Splo\u0161ne komisije FIDE za problemski \u0161ah. Skupaj z drugimi jugoslovanskimi problemisti je leta 1958 organiziral prvi svetovni kongres o problemskem \u0161ahu v Piranu. Tam je bil sprejet tudi Piranski kodeks, prva zapisana in mednarodno sprejeta pravila o sestavljanju \u0161ahovskih problemov. Uredil je prvih 13 FIDE Albumov, ki so pregled najbolj\u0161ih problermov za triletna obdobja. Z objavljenimi 123 problemi je dosegel naslov \u0161ahovskega velemojstra za problemski \u0161ah. Skupaj je sestavil \u010dez 650 problemov, mnogi od teh problemov so bili problemski rekordi - taski.\n\nPetrovi\u010d je zastavil in re\u0161eval tudi \u0161ahovsko-matemati\u010dne probleme.\n Koliko traja teoreti\u010dno najdalj\u0161a \u0161ahovska partija: 5899 potez.\n Kolik\u0161no je \u0161tevilo vseh mogo\u010dih \u0161ahovskih partij: 1018900 partij.\n Koliko je \u0161tevilo legalnih pozicij z vsemi 32 figurami: 1032 pozicij. \n Koliko je najve\u010d mo\u017enih potez, \u010de postavimo vse bele figure: 122 potez.\n Koliko je najve\u010d mogo\u010dih potez v legalni postavi: 218 potez. \u0160ahovski_rekordi#Najve\u010d_potez\n\n1.Da6! \u017ertev, \u0161e posebno najmo\u010dnej\u0161e figure, dame, je pogosta poteza v problemskem \u0161ahu\n\n1. ... Kxa6 2.Kc6 S~ 3. b4 S~ 4.b5#\n\n1. ... Kb4 2.Dd3 Sf6+ 3.Kc6 S~ Db5#\n\nViri \n Petrovi\u0107, Nenad. \u0160ahovski problem: teorija \u0161ahovskih problema sa 650 primjera. Zagreb 1949. (v srbohrva\u0161\u010dini)  \n Petrovi\u0107, Nenad - urednik, FIDE Album: 1914-1944/I. Zagreb 1971.\n\nZunanje povezave \n http://www.softdecc.com/pdb/search.pdb?expression=A='Petrovic,Nenad' \n\nPetrovi\u0107, Nenad\nPetrovi\u0107, Nenad\nPetrovi\u0107, Nenad\nPetrovi\u0107, Nenad", "meta": {"title": "Nenad Petrovi\u0107", "url": "https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nenad%20Petrovi%C4%87", "language": "sl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Helmut Sonnenfeldt,  n\u00e9 \u00e0 Berlin le , et mort \u00e0 Chevy Chase (Maryland) le , est un expert am\u00e9ricain des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res.\n\nBiographie\nSa premi\u00e8re fonction gouvernementale a \u00e9t\u00e9 le poste de directeur du bureau de recherches sur l'Union sovi\u00e9tique et l'Europe de l'Est avant d'entrer au D\u00e9partement d'\u00c9tat des \u00c9tats-Unis entre 1952 et 1969 et de devenir membre du directoire du Conseil national de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 entre 1969 et 1974. \n\nIl est par la suite conseiller du D\u00e9partement d'\u00c9tat (1974-77). Il est actuellement \u00e9tudiant invit\u00e9 de l'Universit\u00e9 Johns-Hopkins et de la Brookings Institution.\n\nEn 1953, il \u00e9pouse Marjorie Hecht. Ils ont trois enfants: Babette Hecht, Walter Herman et Stewart Hecht.\n\nPublications \nSoviet Style in International Politics, \u00e9d. Washington Institute for Values in Public Policy, Washington, 1985 \nSoviet Politics in the 1980s, \u00e9d. Westview Press, Boulder, 1985 \nSoviet Perspectives on Security. Adelphi papers, n\u00b0150, \u00e9d. International Institute for Strategic Studies, Londres, 1979 , avec William G. Hyland\n\nPrix \nM\u00e9daille Leo Baeck\n\nLiens externes \n \n Biographie sur History Commons\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nNaissance en septembre 1926\nDiplomate am\u00e9ricain du XXe si\u00e8cle\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en novembre 2012\n\u00c9tudiant du City College of New York\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e0 86 ans\nPersonnalit\u00e9 inhum\u00e9e au cimeti\u00e8re national d'Arlington", "meta": {"title": "Helmut Sonnenfeldt", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut%20Sonnenfeldt", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Anormenis albula \u00e4r en insektsart som f\u00f6rst beskrevs av Walker 1851.  Anormenis albula ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Anormenis och familjen Flatidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nHalvvingar\nalbula", "meta": {"title": "Anormenis albula", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anormenis%20albula", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "O Pr\u00e9mio Satellite de melhor ator coadjuvante \u00e9 um dos Satellite Awards para o cinema que s\u00e3o concedidos anualmente pela International Press Academy.\n\nD\u00e9cada de 1990 \n\nMelhor ator coadjuvante em filme de drama\n 1996 - Armin Mueller-Stahl - Shine\n 1997 - Burt Reynolds - Boogie Nights\n 1998 - Donald Sutherland - Without Limits\n 1999 - Harry J. Lennix - Titus\n\nMelhor ator coadjuvante em filme de com\u00e9dia ou musical\n 1996 - Cuba Gooding Jr. - Jerry Maguire\n 1997 - Rupert Everett - My Best Friend's Wedding\n 1998 - Bill Murray - Rushmore\n 1999 - William H. Macy - Happy, Texas\n\nD\u00e9cada de 2000 \nMelhor ator coadjuvante em filme de drama\n 2000 - Bruce Greenwood - Thirteen Days\n 2001 - Ben Kingsley - Sexy Beast\n 2002 - Dennis Haysbert - Far from Heaven\n 2003 - Djimon Hounsou - In America\n 2004 - Christopher Walken - Around the Bend\n 2005 - Danny Huston - The Constant Gardener (filme)\n\nMelhor ator coadjuvante em filme de com\u00e9dia ou musical\n 2000 - Willem Dafoe - Shadow of the Vampire\n 2001 - Jim Broadbent - Moulin Rouge!\n 2002 - Michael Constantine - My Big Fat Greek Wedding\n 2003 - Eugene Levy - A Mighty Wind\n 2004 - Thomas Haden Church - Sideways\n 2005 - Val Kilmer - Kiss Kiss Bang Bang\n\nMelhor ator coadjuvante (cinema)\n 2006 - Leonardo DiCaprio - The Departed\n 2007 - Casey Affleck - The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford / Tom Wilkinson - Michael Clayton\n 2008 - Michael Shannon - Revolutionary Road\n 2009 - Christoph Waltz - Inglourious Basterds\n\nD\u00e9cada de 2010 \n 2010 - Christian Bale - The Fighter\n 2011 - Albert Brooks - Drive\n 2012 - Javier Bardem - Skyfall\n 2013 - Jared Leto - Dallas Buyers Club\n 2014 - J. K. Simmons - Whiplash\n 2015 - Christian Bale - The Big Short\n 2016 - Jeff Bridges - Hell or High Water\n 2017 - Sam Rockwell - Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri\n 2018 - Richard E. Grant - Can You Ever Forgive Me?\n\n \nListas de atores de cinema", "meta": {"title": "Pr\u00e9mio Satellite de melhor ator coadjuvante no cinema", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9mio%20Satellite%20de%20melhor%20ator%20coadjuvante%20no%20cinema", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Christian Munsee are a group of Lenape (also known as Delaware), an Indigenous people in the United States, that primarily speak Munsee and have converted to Christianity, following the teachings of Moravian missionaries. The Christian Munsee are also known as the Moravian Munsee or the Moravian Indians, the Moravian Christian Indians or, in context, simply the Christian Indians. As the Moravian Church transferred some of their missions to other Christian denominations, such as the Methodists, Christian Munsee today belong to the Moravian Church, Methodist Church, United Church of Canada, among other Christian denominations.\n\nThe Christian Munsee tribe has produced several people who have become notable figures in Christianity and the Delaware Nation as a whole, such as Gelelemend (a Lenape chief), John Henry Kilbuck (a Moravian Christian missionary to the Native peoples in Alaska), Papunhank (a Moravian Lenape diplomat and preacher), Glikhikan (Munsee chief, Moravian elder, and Christian martyr), and Washington Jacobs (a chief of the Moravian of the Thames reservation). \n\nPresent-day Christian Munsee communities include Moravian of the Thames, the Christian Munsee tribe in Kansas, and the Stockbridge\u2013Munsee Community.\n\nHistory\nStarting in the 1740s, the Moravian Church sent out Christian missionaries to American Indian tribes and started settlements, with full tribal support. The ranks of the Christian Munsee thus include influential Lenape chiefs from the start. The Moravian Christian approach was to preserve Lenape cultural practices while passing on to the Lenape the Gospel message with the entirety of the Christian faith. As such, Moravian Christian missionaries developed the orthography for Lenape dialects and David Zeisberger \"compiled dictionaries of various Native tongues, translating them into English and German\".\n\nMid-Atlantic states and Ohio\nThe Munsee were the Wolf Clan of the Lenape, occupying the area where present-day New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey meet. The first recorded European contact occurred in 1524, when Giovanni da Verrazzano sailed into what is now New York Harbor. Like most native peoples of the Atlantic coast, the Munsee were quickly devastated by European diseases such as smallpox and influenza, and those who survived were forced inland. By the mid-18th century, one group of Lenape people began to follow the teachings of the Moravian missionaries. The Moravians were descended from the exiled Protestants from Morava, now Czech Republic, who founded a Protestant denomination from Herrnhut in the Germann state of Saxony. They sought to protect their converts by creating separate mission villages in the frontier, apart from both European settlers and from other native people. \n\nThe most prominent missionary among the Munsee was David Zeisberger. In 1772, he led his group of Christian Munsee to the Ohio Country, which he hoped would isolate them from the hostilities of the approaching American Revolution. However, in 1782, a force of Pennsylvania militiamen, in search of Indians who had been raiding settlements in western Pennsylvania, happened upon a group of ninety-six of Zeisberger's Christian Munsee harvesting corn, and rounded them up in the eastern Ohio village of Gnadenh\u00fctten. Although the Munsee truthfully pleaded their innocence and explained their non-combatant, nonresistant Christian convictions, the militia took a vote and decided to kill them all, including the women and children; these faithful are known as the Moravian Christian Indian Martyrs.\n\nWhile the American militiamen murdered the Moravian Christian Indians in Gnadenhutten, a messenger sent by the Moravian missionaries in Sandusky on March 3 reached Schoenbrunn on March 6 in order to deliver the news that all of them would be moving to Detroit; two of the Moravian Indians from Schoenbrunn went to inform their brethren in Gnadenhutten but on their journey there, they saw that the American soldiers had mangled body of Joseph Schebosh Jr, a Moravian with a European father and Indian mother. They buried his body and quickly returned to warn their brethren in Schoenbrunn as they thought that the others at Gnadenhutten met the same fate. For this reason, the Moravian Christian Indians at Schoenbrunn were able to flee to Sandusky before the American militiamen could advance from Gnadenhutten to Schoenbrunn, where they planned to commit another massacre.\n\nIn 1798, David Zeisberger led many of the Moravian Christian Indians back to Ohio, where they established the Goshen Mission near Schoenbrunn; there, Zeisberger lived until he peacefully died after which many of the Moravian Christian Indians moved to Ontario (cf. Delaware Nation at Moraviantown) and others to Kansas, along with Christian missionaries who continued to live and work among them. The descendants of both Jacob and Ester, the children of Israel Welapachtshechen (who was martyred in the Gnadenhutten massacre), make up the majority of the Christian Munsee tribe in Kansas today. In 1903, the Moravian Christians transferred the Christian Munsee mission in Moraviantown to Methodist Christians, a denomination that eventually joined the United Church of Canada, a United Protestant denomination to which many Christian Munsee belong to today.\n\nOntario\nAfter ten more years of strife, most of the Christian Munsee followed Zeisberger to Ontario, Canada, where they established a new home at Fairfield, commonly known as Moraviantown, along the Thames River. There they lived in relative peace for twenty years, supporting themselves with their farming and industry. However, once again they became unwitting victims of war, when American soldiers burned their village to the ground during the War of 1812 Battle of the Thames. The battle is well known historically as a victory for General William Henry Harrison, and for the death of the Shawnee chief Tecumseh, but the destruction of Moraviantown is little more than a footnote. The Munsee fled into the wilderness for safe haven until hostilities had ceased, then returned to build a new Fairfield across the Thames River to the south, which is now known as Moraviantown. In 1903, the Moravian Christians transferred the Christian Munsee mission in Moraviantown to Methodist Christians, a denomination that eventually joined the United Church of Canada, a United Protestant denomination to which many Christian Munsee belong to today.\n\nWisconsin\nBy the 1830s, a faction of the Christian Munsee favored a move to the American West. In 1837, some of the Munsee from Fairfield journeyed to Wisconsin to join another Christian band of Indians, the Stockbridge Indians, a combination of the last remnants of the Mohican and Wappinger peoples of the east bank of the Hudson, whence the two tribes became known collectively as the Stockbridge-Munsee. They are now the Stockbridge-Munsee Community in Shawano County, Wisconsin. However, most of the Munsee eventually returned to Canada. The Christian Munsee in southern Ontario remain today as the Moravian of the Thames and the Munsee-Delaware Nation.\n\nKansas\nA small band of Christian Munsee decided to migrate again, this time to Kansas Territory, to join their non-Christian Lenape kinsmen. They settled first in Wyandotte County, then Leavenworth County. A few families settled near Fort Scott in Bourbon County. By 1857, most of the other Lenape (of Kansas) were removed to Indian Territory.\n\nThe Christian Munsee, who now numbered less than one hundred, chose to purchase a new reservation in Franklin County from a small band of Ojibwa (Chippewa) that had migrated from Michigan. The Treaty of 1859 officially combined the Swan Creek and Black River Band Chippewa and the Christian Munsee on a reservation of twelve square miles along the Marais des Cygnes River near the town of Ottawa. Signing the treaty for the Munsee were Henry Donohoe, Ignatius Caleb, and John Williams.\n\nAlthough the two tribes shared a reservation and were considered one tribe by the United States government in all dealings, they maintained their separate identities in cultural and religious practices. The Moravian church continued to send missionaries to the Munsee.\n\nUnder the Dawes Act, the Chippewa-Christian Indian Reservation, as it was known in the 1859 treaty, was allotted to the individual members and descendants of the tribes in separate 160-acre plots.  The people eventually accepted assimilation. In 1900, the final disbursement of federal funds was paid, and all benefits and official recognition as Native Americans were dissolved. A number of the Christian Munsee Tribe in Kansas live on the reservation in Ottawa, Kansas where they cling to their Christian faith and Lenape heritage.\n\nNotable members of the Christian Munsee tribe\nThe Christian Munsee tribe has produced several people who have become notable figures in both Christianity and the Delaware Nation as a whole:\n\nGelelemend, Lenape chief of the Turtle clan\nJohn Henry Kilbuck, Moravian Christian missionary to the Native peoples in Alaska\nPapunhank, a Moravian Christian Lenape diplomat and preacher\nGlikhikan, Munsee chief, Moravian Christian elder, and Moravian Christian martyr\n96 Moravian Christian Indian Martyrs, who practiced nonresistance as they were murdered in the Gnadenhutten massacre on 8 March 1782\nWashington Jacobs, chief of the Moravian of the Thames reservation.\n\nSee also\nPraying Indians\nMission Indians\nIndian Reductions\n\nReferences\n\nCensus of the Chippewa and Christian Indians, June 30, 1893. Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Administration, National Archives Building.\n\nExternal links\nChristian Munsee Tribe in Kansas\nDelaware Nation at Moraviantown\n\"A Fragment of Kansas Land History: The Disposal of the Christian Indian Tract\" from the Kansas Historical Quarterly.\nTreaty with the Chippewa, Etc., 1859\nChippewa-Munsee Genealogy\n\nNative American Christianity\nGreat Lakes tribes\nNative American tribes in New Jersey\nFranklin County, Kansas\nWyandotte County, Kansas\nShawano County, Wisconsin\nFirst Nations in Ontario\nLenape\nHistory of the America (North) Province of the Moravian Church\nAssimilation of indigenous peoples of North America", "meta": {"title": "Christian Munsee", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20Munsee", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hekematabad (, also Romanized as \u1e28e\u1e35emat\u0101b\u0101d) is a village in Gevar Rural District, Sarduiyeh District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 144, in 26 families.\n\nReferences \n\nPopulated places in Jiroft County", "meta": {"title": "Hekematabad", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hekematabad", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A jap\u00e1n cik\u00e1sz (Cycas revoluta) a cik\u00e1szok (Cycadopsida) oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1nak egyik legelterjedtebb faja. A revoluta n\u00e9v arra utal, hogy a fiatal levelek v\u00e9ge p\u00e1sztorbotra eml\u00e9keztet\u0151en beg\u00f6ngy\u00f6lt.\n\nEl\u0151fordul\u00e1sa \nD\u00e9lkelet-\u00c1zsi\u00e1b\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmazik; j\u00f3form\u00e1n minden fagymentes ter\u00fcleten meg\u00e9l. \u0150shaz\u00e1ja Jap\u00e1n \u00e9s K\u00edna.\n\nLe\u00edr\u00e1sa \nK\u00fcls\u0151re mintegy a p\u00e1fr\u00e1nyf\u00e1k \u00e9s a p\u00e1lm\u00e1k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti, \u00e1tmeneti jelleg\u0171 n\u00f6v\u00e9nynek t\u0171nik. Vaskos, pikkelyes, csak ritk\u00e1n el\u00e1gaz\u00f3 t\u00f6rzse legfeljebb 3\u00a0m magasra n\u0151.\n\nGy\u00f6kerei nagyon vastagok.\n\nP\u00e1rosan sz\u00e1rnyalt, \u00f6sszetett levele mintegy 2 m\u00e9ter hossz\u00fara n\u0151 meg; a legfiatalabb levelek lev\u00e9lk\u00e9inek \u00e9le beg\u00f6ngy\u00f6lt. K\u00e9tlaki; vir\u00e1gai a lev\u00e9lkorona k\u00f6zep\u00e9n ny\u00edlnak. H\u00edmivar\u00fa vir\u00e1gai fel\u00e1ll\u00f3, t\u00f6m\u00f6r tobozok, a n\u0151ivar\u00faak f\u00e9lg\u00f6mb alak\u00faak, benn\u00fck kerek magkezdem\u00e9nyekkel. A narancsv\u00f6r\u00f6s, 3-4 centim\u00e9ter \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151j\u0171 magvak csonth\u00e9jas term\u00e9shez hasonl\u00f3k.\n\n\u00c9letm\u00f3dja \nA fagyot nem t\u0171ri. A napos helyen tartott cik\u00e1szok gyorsabban \u00e9s nagyobbra n\u0151nek, de a fiatal egyedek a t\u0171z\u0151 napon elpusztulnak. Lassan fejl\u0151dik; az els\u0151, mintegy \u00f6t \u00e9vben \u00e9vente csak egy-egy levelet, k\u00e9s\u0151bb \u00e9vente egy-egy lev\u00e9lkoszor\u00fat hoz. A m\u00e9szmentes talajt kedveli.\n\nAz id\u0151sebb (t\u00f6bbnyire a legal\u00e1bb 25 \u00e9ves) cik\u00e1szok id\u0151nk\u00e9nt t\u0151sarjakat fejlesztenek; ezekr\u0151l (k\u00e9s\u0151 t\u00e9len, kora tavasszal) vegetat\u00edvan szapor\u00edthat\u00f3k.\n\nA k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3knak, \u00e9l\u0151sk\u00f6d\u0151knek j\u00f3l ellen\u00e1ll; legink\u00e1bb a tak\u00e1csatka k\u00e1ros\u00edthatja.\n\nFelhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa \nNyersen m\u00e9rgez\u0151; magvai s\u00fctve vagy sz\u00e1r\u00edtva ehet\u0151v\u00e9 tehet\u0151k.\n\nIsmert d\u00edszn\u00f6v\u00e9ny. Madeir\u00e1n legink\u00e1bb a tenger szintje f\u00f6l\u00f6tt 300\u2013600 m\u00e9terrel kialak\u00edtott kertekben \u00e9rzi j\u00f3l mag\u00e1t.\n\nK\u00e9pek\n\nForr\u00e1sok \nSusanne Lips: Madeira. A Botanical Melting Pot! Oliver Breda Verlag, Duisburg. p.\u00a011. \nCycas revoluta Jap\u00e1n cik\u00e1sz\nkertpont.hu: Dinoszauruszok kertje\nCycas revoluta Thunb., Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Weetensch. Haarlem 20: 424 (1782) The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families\nA n\u00f6v\u00e9ny szinonim\u00e1i\nUSDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Cycas revoluta in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed on 08-Apr-12.\n\nCik\u00e1szok\nN\u00f6v\u00e9nyfajok\nJap\u00e1n n\u00f6v\u00e9nyvil\u00e1ga\nK\u00edna n\u00f6v\u00e9nyvil\u00e1ga\nMadeira n\u00f6v\u00e9nyvil\u00e1ga\nSzoban\u00f6v\u00e9nyek", "meta": {"title": "Jap\u00e1n cik\u00e1sz", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%A1n%20cik%C3%A1sz", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Spring Creek is a tributary of the Little Kanawha River in western West Virginia in the United States.  Via the Little Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of  in a rural region on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.  It is  long, or  long including its Left Fork.\n\nSpring Creek is formed just south of the city of Spencer in northern Roane County by the confluence of the Left Fork Spring Creek,  long, which rises near the community of Clover and flows northwestward, paralleled for most of its course by West Virginia Route 36; and the Right Fork Spring Creek,  long, which rises near the community of Speed and flows northward, paralleled for most of its course by U.S. Route 119.  From the confluence of its forks, Spring Creek flows northward through Spencer and northern Roane County into southeastern Wirt County, where it flows into the Little Kanawha River from the south at the community of Sanoma, approximately  southeast of Elizabeth.\n\nLittle Spring Creek is a tributary of Spring Creek,  long, in northeastern Roane County.\n\nCharles Mill Lake, approximately  southeast of Spencer, is formed by a dam on the Charles Fork, a tributary of the Left Fork Spring Creek.  The lake was constructed in 1974 and is owned by the city of Spencer; it is operated as a recreation area for boating, fishing, hiking, biking, and camping.\n\nAccording to the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, approximately 79.5% of the Spring Creek watershed is forested, mostly deciduous.  Approximately 18.7% is used for pasture and agriculture.\n\nSee also\nList of rivers of West Virginia\n\nReferences \n\nRivers of West Virginia\nLittle Kanawha River\nRivers of Roane County, West Virginia\nRivers of Wirt County, West Virginia", "meta": {"title": "Spring Creek (Little Kanawha River tributary)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring%20Creek%20%28Little%20Kanawha%20River%20tributary%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Onkabetse Tolly Nkobolo (* 23. Juli 1993 in Francistown) ist ein botswanischer Leichtathlet, der sich auf den 400-Meter-Lauf spezialisiert  hat.\n\nSportliche Laufbahn \nErste internationale Erfahrungen sammelte Onkabetse Nkobolo bei den Juniorenafrikameisterschaften 2011 in Gaborone, bei denen er \u00fcber 800 Meter in der ersten Runde ausschied. Bei den Afrikameisterschaften 2014 in Marrakesch gelangte er in das Halbfinale \u00fcber 400 Meter und konnte dort seinen Lauf nicht beenden. 2015 belegte er mit der Staffel den achten Platz bei den World Relays auf den Bahamas. Anschlie\u00dfend schied er bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Peking \u00fcber 400 Meter mit 45,17\u00a0s im Vorlauf aus, wie auch mit der botswanischen 4-mal-400-Meter-Staffel, die mit neuem Landesrekord von 2:59,95\u00a0min ebenfalls im Vorlauf ausschied. Zu Ende der Saison gewann er bei den Afrikaspielen in Brazzaville die Bronzemedaille \u00fcber 400 Meter und gewann auch mit der 4-mal-400-Meter-Staffel die Silbermedaille hinter Kenia.\n\n2016 wurde er bei den Afrikameisterschaften in Durban im Vorlauf wegen einer Bahn\u00fcbertretung disqualifiziert. Mit der 4-mal-400-Meter-Staffel gewann er in 3:02,20\u00a0min die Goldmedaille. Daraufhin nahm er mit der Staffel an den Olympischen Spielen in Rio de Janeiro teil und belegte im Finale in 2:59,06\u00a0min den f\u00fcnften Platz. 2017 gewann die botswanischen Stafette die Silbermedaille bei den World Relays hinter den Vereinigten Staaten. Mit der Staffel nahm er auch an den Weltmeisterschaften in London teil und schied dort mit 3:06,50\u00a0min im Vorlauf aus. 2018 nahm er zum ersten Mal an den Commonwealth Games im australischen Gold Coast teil und gewann dort mit der botswanischen Stafette in 3:01,78\u00a0s die Goldmedaille. Im August belegte er bei den Afrikameisterschaften in Asaba in 46,83\u00a0s den sechsten Platz.\n\nIm M\u00e4rz 2020 erlitt Nkobolo bei einem Verkehrsunfall Frakturen am Bein.\n\nPers\u00f6nliche Bestzeiten \n 400 Meter: 45,10\u00a0s, 14. September 2015 in Brazzaville\n 400 Meter (Halle): 46,86\u00a0s, 31. Januar 2015 in San Sebasti\u00e1n\n 500 Meter (Halle): 1:00,71\u00a0min, 17. Februar 2016 in Stockholm (Afrikarekord)\n 800 Meter: 1:55,20\u00a0min, 14. Mai 2011 in Gaborone\n\nWeblinks\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\n400-Meter-L\u00e4ufer (Botswana)\n800-Meter-L\u00e4ufer (Botswana)\n4-mal-400-Meter-Staffel-L\u00e4ufer (Botswana)\nOlympiateilnehmer (Botswana)\nTeilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2016\nTeilnehmer an den Commonwealth Games (Botswana)\nTeilnehmer an den Afrikaspielen (Botswana)\nSieger bei den Commonwealth Games (Leichtathletik)\nAfrikameister (4-mal-400-Meter-Staffel, Leichtathletik)\nBotswaner\nGeboren 1993\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Onkabetse Nkobolo", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onkabetse%20Nkobolo", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nBiografia \nNobile, nel marzo 1848 venne chiamato a far parte del Governo provvisorio di Milano entrando poi il 2 agosto 1848 nella Consulta Straordinaria costituita a Milano in vista della difesa della Citt\u00e0 dall'attacco delle truppe austriache\n.\n\nInfluenze culturali \nA Gaetano Strigelli \u00e8 intitolata una via a Milano.\n\nNote", "meta": {"title": "Gaetano Strigelli", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaetano%20Strigelli", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A 2012. \u00e9vi olimpiai j\u00e1t\u00e9kokon j\u00falius 25. \u00e9s augusztus 11. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt rendezt\u00e9k meg a f\u00e9rfi \u00e9s n\u0151i labdar\u00fag\u00f3torn\u00e1t. A helysz\u00edneket Nagy-Britannia k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 pontjair\u00f3l v\u00e1lasztott\u00e1k ki a szervez\u0151k. A d\u00f6nt\u0151ket Londonban, a Wembleyben rendezt\u00e9k. A f\u00e9rfiak 23 \u00e9ven aluli, m\u00edg a n\u0151k feln\u0151tt v\u00e1logatottakkal vehettek r\u00e9szt az esem\u00e9nyen. Mindemellett a f\u00e9rfiakn\u00e1l 3 t\u00falkoros (23 \u00e9ven fel\u00fcli) j\u00e1t\u00e9kost is nevezhettek. \u00d6sszesen 504 labdar\u00fag\u00f3 sz\u00e1llt harcba az olimpiai arany\u00e9rt.\n\nA f\u00e9rfiakn\u00e1l 16, a n\u0151kn\u00e9l pedig 12 csapat vett r\u00e9szt az esem\u00e9nyen. A labdar\u00fag\u00f3torna hagyom\u00e1nyosan az olimpia hivatalos megnyit\u00f3ja el\u0151tt k\u00e9t nappal, j\u00falius 25-\u00e9n kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt. A csoportok sorsol\u00e1s\u00e1t 2012. \u00e1prilis 24-\u00e9n tartott\u00e1k.\n\nBrit v\u00e1logatott \n\n2008 augusztus 24-\u00e9n Gordon Brown brit minisztereln\u00f6k felvetette annak az \u00f6tlet\u00e9t, hogy Nagy-Britannia k\u00f6z\u00f6s n\u0151i illetve f\u00e9rfi csapattal k\u00e9pviseltesse mag\u00e1t az olimpi\u00e1n \u00e9s a sikeres szerepl\u00e9s \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben Alex Fergusont gondolta a v\u00e1logatott \u00e9l\u00e9re. A sk\u00f3t, walesi, \u00c9szak\u00edr labdar\u00fag\u00f3-sz\u00f6vets\u00e9g viszont elvetette az \u00f6tletet, mivel nem t\u00e1mogatja a k\u00f6z\u00f6s v\u00e1logatott kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, m\u00e1rpedig a j\u00e1t\u00e9kokon csak brit egy\u00fcttes indulhat, mivel a n\u00e9gy tagorsz\u00e1gnak nincs k\u00fcl\u00f6n olimpiai bizotts\u00e1ga.\n\nV\u00e9g\u00fcl 2009 m\u00e1jus\u00e1ban megegyez\u00e9sre jutottak az \u00e9rintett sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gek \u00e9s megegyeztek abban, hogy kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag angol j\u00e1t\u00e9kosokb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 labdar\u00fag\u00f3-v\u00e1logatott fogja k\u00e9pviselni Nagy-Britanni\u00e1t a n\u0151i illetve f\u00e9rfi torn\u00e1n egyar\u00e1nt.\nK\u00e9s\u0151bb azonban m\u00e9gis \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6ttek, hogy k\u00f6z\u00f6sen, Team GB n\u00e9ven szerepelnek. T\u00f6bb ismert nem angol labdar\u00fag\u00f3 (Gareth Bale, Aaron Ramsey) is jelezte, r\u00e9szt k\u00edv\u00e1n venni a torn\u00e1n.\nA sk\u00f3t, \u00e9szak\u00edr \u00e9s walesi sz\u00f6vets\u00e9g ellenzi a k\u00f6z\u00f6s r\u00e9szv\u00e9telt, de nem \u00e1ll m\u00f3djukban megakad\u00e1lyozni azt.\n\nStadionok \nA m\u00e9rk\u0151z\u00e9seknek \u00f6sszesen hat stadiont jel\u00f6ltek ki a szervez\u0151k.\n\n\u00c9remt\u00e1bl\u00e1zat \n(A t\u00e1bl\u00e1zatokban az egyes sz\u00e1moszlopok legmagasabb \u00e9rt\u00e9ke vagy \u00e9rt\u00e9kei vastag\u00edt\u00e1ssal kiemelve.)\n\n\u00c9rmesek\n\nF\u00e9rfi torna\n\nN\u0151i torna\n\nJegyzetek\n\nForr\u00e1sok \n\n2012\nLabdarugas", "meta": {"title": "Labdar\u00fag\u00e1s a 2012. \u00e9vi ny\u00e1ri olimpiai j\u00e1t\u00e9kokon", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labdar%C3%BAg%C3%A1s%20a%202012.%20%C3%A9vi%20ny%C3%A1ri%20olimpiai%20j%C3%A1t%C3%A9kokon", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "-Tremestieri Etneo \u00e4r en ort och kommun i storstadsregionen Catania, innan 2015 provinsen Catania, i regionen Sicilien i sydv\u00e4stra Italien. Kommunen hade  inv\u00e5nare (2017).\n\nReferenser \n\n   \n\nKommuner i storstadsregionen Catania", "meta": {"title": "Tremestieri Etneo", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremestieri%20Etneo", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Grega Sor\u010dan (born 5 March 1996) is a Slovenian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Greek Super League 2 club Apollon Smyrnis.\n\nClub career\nSor\u010dan made his professional debut with Triglav Kranj in a 3\u20130 loss against Rudar Velenje on 3 August 2013. He briefly transferred to Chievo in the Italian Serie A, before returning to Gorica as a starting goalkeeper.\n\nInternational career\nSor\u010dan was a youth international for Slovenia.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nSoccerway profile\nNZS profile \n\n1996 births\nLiving people\nSportspeople from Kranj\nSlovenian footballers\nAssociation football goalkeepers\nSlovenia youth international footballers\nSlovenia under-21 international footballers\nNK Triglav Kranj players\nA.C. ChievoVerona players\nND Gorica players\nNK Dom\u017eale players\nApollon Smyrnis F.C. players\nSlovenian PrvaLiga players\nSuper League Greece players\nSlovenian expatriate footballers\nSlovenian expatriate sportspeople in Italy\nExpatriate footballers in Italy\nSlovenian expatriate sportspeople in Greece\nExpatriate footballers in Greece", "meta": {"title": "Grega Sor\u010dan", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grega%20Sor%C4%8Dan", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Psichotoe is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae.\n\nSpecies\n Psichotoe cingulata Kiriakoff, 1963\n Psichotoe duvaucelii Boisduval, 1829\n Psichotoe rubridorsata Berio, 1941\n\nFormer species\n Psichotoe gnatula Boisduval, 1847\n\nReferences\n\n Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog\n\nArctiinae", "meta": {"title": "Psichotoe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psichotoe", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nyamandhlovu \u00e9 uma vila na prov\u00edncia de Matabelel\u00e2ndia Norte, no Zimb\u00e1bue.\n\nCidades do Zimbabwe", "meta": {"title": "Nyamandhlovu", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyamandhlovu", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Esponente del New American Cinema, ne rappresenta la tendenza pi\u00f9 aperta all'analisi sociale come dimostrano i suoi film: On the Bowery (Sulla Bowery, del 1956), che descrive il mondo allucinante degli alcolizzati; Come back, Africa (Torna Africa, del 1958), sulle conseguenze dell'apartheid nella Repubblica Sudafricana e il suo programma televisivo Out (Fuori, del 1957), sui profughi ungheresi.\n\nPer ottenere il massimo approfondimento realistico del racconto Rogosin ha adottato in queste opere un linguaggio basato sull'assimilazione di due tecniche analoghe, quella dell'inchiesta televisiva e quella del cinema-verit\u00e0.\n\nNel 1965 realizz\u00f2 Good Times, Wonderful Times (Tempi belli, tempi meravigliosi) che \u00e8 invece quasi per intero un film di montaggio.\n\nFilmografia\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Lionel Rogosin", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel%20Rogosin", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tefert El Tahtania is a village in the commune of Abalessa, in Tamanrasset Province, Algeria. It lies on the southern bank of Oued Teffert  southeast of Abalessa town and  west of Tamanrasset.\n\nReferences\n\nNeighbouring towns and cities\n\nPopulated places in Tamanrasset Province", "meta": {"title": "Tefert El Tahtania", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tefert%20El%20Tahtania", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041b\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0441 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0441 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 (; 15 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1824\u00a0\u2014 4 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1902)\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a, \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043d (1891\u20141893). \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e 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\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 Winnebago.\n\n\u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 53-\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441 (4 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1891\u00a0\u2014 3 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1893), \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043b \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432 1892 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.\n\u041e\u043d \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u041e\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0435 \u0412\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0430 4 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1902 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.\n\n\u0412\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0432 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435, \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0421\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0428\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438\u00bb.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0427\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043d\n\u0418\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u0438\u0437 \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438\n\u0427\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0410\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0438 \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043d", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440, \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0441 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0441", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%2C%20%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%20%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Crist\u00f3bal Moehrlen (Baiersbronn, W\u00fcrttemberg, 20 de enero de 1800 \u2014 Daillens, cant\u00f3n de Vaud, 28 de febrero de 1871); pseud\u00f3nimo de Christoph Irenius) fue un profesor, pastor/te\u00f3logo protestante y escritor, particularmente de libros infantiles, radicado en la Suiza romanda.\n\nMoehrlen era profesor en el Seminario de Schiers as\u00ed como en la institui\u00e7\u00e3on para pobres Calame en Le Locle. Moehrlen tambi\u00e9n era durante un cierto tiempo profesor y educador en una instituci\u00f3n en Beuggen para ni\u00f1os griegos rescatados de esclavitud turca (fundada en 1827 por iniciativa de Christian Friedrich Spittler) para educarlos de manera cristiana. Despu\u00e9s, \u00e9l era pastor en Payerne (cant\u00f3n de Vaud), donde fund\u00f3 y direccion\u00f3 un reformatorio para ni\u00f1os; trabaj\u00f3, finalmente, como pastor en Daillens (cant\u00e3o de Vaud), donde muri\u00f3 en el 28 de febrero de 1871.\n\nAdem\u00e1s de algunas obras educativas y de traducciones, Moehrlen public\u00f3 en 1839 bajo el pseud\u00f3nimo de Christoph Irenius el libro autobiogr\u00e1fico Una historia verdadera, en lo cual enmascar\u00f3 su tierra natal Baiersbronn con el nombre Baierquell. Moehrle era casado con R\u00f6schen Friedenauer y tuvo ocho hijos (entre los cuales la esposa del escritor suizo alem\u00e1n Otto Sutermeister).\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\nProfesores de Alemania\nProfesores de Suiza\nNovelistas de Alemania del siglo XIX\nNovelistas de Suiza\nTe\u00f3logos de Alemania del siglo XIX\nTe\u00f3logos de Suiza del siglo XIX\nEscritores de Alemania del siglo XIX\nEscritores de Suiza del siglo XIX\nEscritores de literatura infantil de Alemania\nEscritores de literatura infantil de Suiza\nEscritores en alem\u00e1n del siglo XIX\nEscritores en franc\u00e9s del siglo XIX\nProtestantes de Alemania\nProtestantes de Suiza\nTe\u00f3logos protestantes", "meta": {"title": "Crist\u00f3bal Moehrlen", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal%20Moehrlen", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The textile block system is a unique structural building method created by Frank Lloyd Wright in the early 1920s.  While the details changed over time, the basic concept involves patterned concrete blocks reinforced by steel rods, created by pouring concrete mixture into molds, thus enabling the repetition of form.  The blocks are then stacked to build walls.\n\nWright's textile block houses are:\n\nEnnis House\nRobert and Rae Levin House (check also the other Michigan - Galesburg and Parkwin/Kalamazoo - houses at List of Frank Lloyd Wright works)\nMillard House\nSamuel Freeman House\nStorer House (Los Angeles)\nWesthope, located in Tulsa, Oklahoma, Wright's only Textile Block house outside of California.\n\nReferences\n\nFrank Lloyd Wright", "meta": {"title": "Textile block house", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile%20block%20house", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Rose, Vol. 2 es un \u00e1lbum po\u00e9tico del rapero 2Pac lanzado el 20 de septiembre de 2005. El \u00e1lbum incluye grabaciones de poes\u00edas de Tupac en forma musical por otros artistas como Ludacris y Bone Thugs-N-Harmony. Sus poemas son citados, cantados o simplemente usados como inspiraci\u00f3n en cada canci\u00f3n de este \u00e1lbum. Este es el segundo \u00e1lbum po\u00e9tico de Tupac; el primero, The Rose That Grew From Concrete, contiene poemas suyos, pero esta vez no son cantados, sino solamente le\u00eddos por otros artistas musicales.\n\nLista de canciones \n\n\"Intro\" - Black Ice\n\"Power of a Smile\" - Bone Thugs-N-Harmony\n\"The Eternal Lament\" - Celina\n\"Fallen Star\" - Talib Kweli\n\"In the Depths of Solitude\" - Ludacris\n\"Movin On\" - Lyfe Jennings\n\"Life Through My Eyes\" - Tupac & Memphis Bleek\n\"When Ure Heart Turns Cold\" - Outlawz\n\"Black Woman\" - Jamal Joseph & Che Davis\n\"Only 4 the Righteous\" - YoYo\n\"Where There Is a Will\" - Boot Camp Clik\n\"When Ur Hero Falls\" - Impact Kids\n\"And 2morrow\" - Shock G\n\"If I Fail\" - Dead Prez\n\"Poetry by Amber and Morgan\" (Pac's Kids)\n\nPosiciones en lista\n\nReferencias \n\n\u00c1lbumes de Tupac\n\u00c1lbumes recopilatorios de 2005\n\u00c1lbumes p\u00f3stumos\n\u00c1lbumes en ingl\u00e9s", "meta": {"title": "The Rose, Vol. 2", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Rose%2C%20Vol.%202", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gymneten (, eigentlich \u201aNackte\u2018, traditionell gingen die spartanischen Heloten und Kinder nackt, dann so viel wie \u201aLeichtbewaffnete\u2018) ist der Name einer altgriechischen Truppengattung. Ihr Kennzeichen war das Fehlen jeglicher Schutzwaffen, da sie als Speer-, Bogen- und Schleudersch\u00fctzen nur f\u00fcr den Fernkampf bestimmt waren. Sie geh\u00f6rten zur Einheit der Psiloi.\n\nIn den Heeren Griechenlands kamen seit den Perserkriegen an Stelle der leichtbewaffneten Sklaven verschiedene Arten von Sch\u00fctzen auf. Sie machten nach dem Zug der Zehntausend (401 v. Chr.) einen wesentlichen Bestandteil der Heere aus. Die Truppen wurden meist aus den V\u00f6lkerschaften geworben, die sich im Gebrauch der einzelnen Fernwaffen besonders auszeichneten, wie z.\u00a0B. die Kreter als Bogensch\u00fctzen, Rhodier und Thessalier als Schleuderer.\n\nLiteratur \n\n \n\nTruppengattung (antikes Griechenland)", "meta": {"title": "Gymneten", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymneten", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El USNS Rappahannock (T-AO-204) es el 18.\u00ba y \u00faltimo buque de aprovisionamiento de la clase Henry J. Kaiser de la Armada de los Estados Unidos. El buque pertenece al Military Sealift Command.\n\nFue construido por Avondale Industries de Westwego (Luisiana). Fue puesta la quilla en 1992; y luego fue botado el casco y asignado en 1995.\n\nEn 2012 (el 16 de julio) el Rappahannock fue protagonista de un incidente en el golfo P\u00e9rsico; el buque dispar\u00f3 a un bote peque\u00f1o que se hab\u00eda aproximado de muy cerca al Rappahannock en un \u00e1rea cercana a Jebel Ali (Dub\u00e1i, EAU). Uno de los tripulantes del bote muri\u00f3.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n Fast combat support ship\n\nReferencias \n\nBuques de aprovisionamiento de la clase Henry J. Kaiser\nBarcos de 1995\nBarcos construidos en Nueva Orleans", "meta": {"title": "USNS Rappahannock (T-AO-204)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/USNS%20Rappahannock%20%28T-AO-204%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Coleophora viburniella is een vlinder uit de familie van de kokermotten (Coleophoridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1861 door Clemens.\n\nKokermotten", "meta": {"title": "Coleophora viburniella", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleophora%20viburniella", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Obbn\u00e4s [\u00e5bb-] (fi. Upinniemi) \u00e4r en plats och en flottstation i Kyrksl\u00e4tts kommun, Nyland. Det finns en udde med samma namn. Den ligger cirka 11 km s\u00f6der om Kyrksl\u00e4tts centrum och best\u00e5r n\u00e4stan i sin helhet av den r\u00e4tt ovanliga rapakivigraniten.\n\nUdden hyste tidigare en liten by, men den evakuerades i samband med att Sovjetunionen arrenderade hela Porkalaomr\u00e5det i enlighet med vapenstillest\u00e5ndsavtalet i Moskva 1944. Sovjetstyrkorna byggde en flottbas p\u00e5 udden med kaserner, kajer, reparationsvarv och \u00f6vrig tillh\u00f6rande infrastruktur.\n\nD\u00e5 Sovjetunionen 1956 \u00e5terl\u00e4mnade arrendeomr\u00e5det passade f\u00f6rsvarsmakten p\u00e5 att tv\u00e5ngsinl\u00f6sa Obbn\u00e4s, d\u00e5 Helsingfors flottbas p\u00e5 Skatudden b\u00f6rjade bli tr\u00e5ngbodd, och i Obbn\u00e4s fanns tillg\u00e4ngligt ett omr\u00e5de med en god b\u00f6rjan p\u00e5 den n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga infrastrukturen delvis f\u00e4rdigt. 1959 flyttade flottbasen in och bildade Porkala garnison. De gav udden det finska namnet Upinniemi. Andra enheter kom efter, s\u00e5som kustartilleri och dykar- och pionj\u00e4renheter. Kustj\u00e4garbataljonen huserade d\u00e4r till 1989, d\u00e5 den flyttade till Dragsvik. Basen har haft flera namn genom \u00e5ren, bland annat Finska vikens marinkommando.\n\nD\u00e5 basen var som aktivast hade ca 700 personer sin arbetsplats d\u00e4r och m\u00e5nga av de stamanst\u00e4llda bodde med sina familjer p\u00e5 omr\u00e5det. Det fanns en dagligvaruaff\u00e4r, skola och ett kaf\u00e9 med postombud och det byggdes ett kapell, som fick \u00f6verta den gamla mistsignalklockan fr\u00e5n fyren p\u00e5 Pohjoisrivi p\u00e5 Hogland. Aff\u00e4ren, kaf\u00e9et och posten har f\u00f6rsvunnit idag, d\u00e5 det p\u00e5 10 minuter g\u00e5r att k\u00f6ra till Kyrksl\u00e4tts centrum och k\u00f6pcentrumen d\u00e4r.\n\nKyrksl\u00e4tt\nFinlands flotta", "meta": {"title": "Obbn\u00e4s", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obbn%C3%A4s", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Percy Charles Wyndham ( - )  est un homme politique anglais.\n\nBiographie \nIl est le deuxi\u00e8me fils de Charles Wyndham (2e comte d'Egremont) et d'Alicia Maria, fille de George Carpenter (2e baron Carpenter), et fr\u00e8re de l'hon. Charles William Wyndham. Il fait ses \u00e9tudes \u00e0 la Westminster School de 1765 \u00e0 1774, puis \u00e0 Christ Church, Oxford en 1774.  \n\nWyndam est d\u00e9put\u00e9 de l'arrondissement de Chichester de 1782 \u00e0 1784, lorsqu'il perd son si\u00e8ge en raison de son soutien \u00e0 Charles James Fox. Aux \u00e9lections de 1790, son fr\u00e8re a\u00een\u00e9, le  comte d'Egremont, fait \u00e9lire Percy et Charles comme d\u00e9put\u00e9s pour son arrondissement de poche de Midhurst. Au Parlement, il a continu\u00e9 \u00e0 soutenir Fox.  \n\nLe comte a vendu sa participation dans Midhurst en 1795, et Percy n'a pas cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00eatre r\u00e9\u00e9lu en 1796.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\n\u00c9l\u00e8ve de la Westminster School (Londres)\n\u00c9tudiant de Christ Church (Oxford)\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en ao\u00fbt 1833\nNaissance en septembre 1757\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s \u00e0 75 ans", "meta": {"title": "Percy Charles Wyndham", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy%20Charles%20Wyndham", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Transtorno Cognitivo P\u00f3s-Quimioterapia ou Transtornos Cognitivos Relacionados \u00e0 Quimioterapia descreve o comprometimento cognitivo que pode resultar do tratamento quimioter\u00e1pico. Aproximadamente 20 a 30% das pessoas que se submetem \u00e0 quimioterapia experimentam algum n\u00edvel de comprometimento cognitivo p\u00f3s-quimioterapia. O fen\u00f4meno apareceu pela primeira vez em raz\u00e3o do grande n\u00famero de sobreviventes de c\u00e2ncer de mama que se queixaram de altera\u00e7\u00f5es na mem\u00f3ria, flu\u00eancia e outras habilidades cognitivas que impediam sua capacidade de funcionar como faziam antes da quimioterapia.\n\nOs n\u00edveis plasm\u00e1ticos do biomarcador dehidroepiandrosterona (DHEA) e sua forma sulfatada (DHEAS) - conjuntamente referidos como DHEA (S) - s\u00e3o determinantes biol\u00f3gicos da doen\u00e7a.\n\nTranstornos mentais e comportamentais\nOncologia\nNeurologia", "meta": {"title": "Transtorno cognitivo p\u00f3s-quimioterapia", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transtorno%20cognitivo%20p%C3%B3s-quimioterapia", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041b\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u041d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0456, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0456 \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0456\u044f. \u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u041b\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0433.\n\n\u041f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u00a0\u2014 110,81 \u043a\u043c2. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c  \u043e\u0441. (\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 ).\n\n\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435\u044f\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\n \u041e\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442  \n\n\u0413\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0457", "meta": {"title": "\u041b\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Seneschalstown GAA is a small rural Gaelic Athletic Association club from Beauparc/Kentstown parish in County Meath, founded in 1932. The club ground is situated about 6 miles east of Navan and 3 miles south of Slane.\n\nThe club has a history in all levels of GAA football over the years and more recently with both its Senior Men and Ladies' teams. It has enjoyed much success in all competitions and has been fortunate to have many players represent the county teams with distinction.\n\nHonours\n\nMeath Senior Football Championship: 4\n1972, 1994, 2007, 2009\nMeath Senior Football League: 3\n1972, 1992, 2002\nMeath Senior Football Feis Cup: 7\n1971, 1972, 1992, 1994, 2000, 2007, 2008\nMeath Intermediate Football Championship: 2\n1940, 1967\nMeath Junior Football Championship: 1\n1936\nMeath Junior B Football Championship: 1\n1973, 1996, 2015\nMeath Junior D Football Championship: 1\n2003, 2015\nMeath Under-21 Football Championship:\n1970, 1971, 1972, 1992, 2012\n\nLadies' Honours\n\n Senior Club All-Ireland Runners up :\n2003\n Leinster Ladies' Senior Club Football Championship :\n2003\n Senior Championship : 13\n 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014\n Senior League :\n1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009\n Junior :\n1998\n Under-21 :\n1999\n\nNotable players\n Colm Coyle\n Graham Geraghty\n Joe Sheridan\n\nExternal links\n https://web.archive.org/web/20101027041236/http://www.seneschalstowngaa.com/default.aspx\n\nGaelic games clubs in County Meath", "meta": {"title": "Seneschalstown GAA", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneschalstown%20GAA", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La gare de Guingamp est une gare ferroviaire fran\u00e7aise des lignes de Paris-Montparnasse \u00e0 Brest, de Guingamp \u00e0 Carhaix et de Guingamp \u00e0 Paimpol. Elle est situ\u00e9e \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du centre de la ville de Guingamp, dans le d\u00e9partement des C\u00f4tes-d'Armor, en r\u00e9gion Bretagne.\n\nElle est mise en service en 1863 par la Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Ouest sur la ligne de Paris-Montparnasse \u00e0 Brest. Elle devient le centre d'une \u00e9toile ferroviaire \u00e0 six branches lors de l'\u00e9poque des r\u00e9seaux secondaires \u00e0 voie m\u00e9trique dont la derni\u00e8re ligne desservant Guingamp est transform\u00e9e en voie normale en 1967.\n\nGuingamp est une gare voyageurs de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 nationale des chemins de fer fran\u00e7ais (SNCF), desservie par le TGV et des trains express r\u00e9gionaux TER Bretagne. C'est \u00e9galement une gare marchandises de Fret SNCF.\n\nSituation ferroviaire \n\u00c9tablie \u00e0  d'altitude, la gare de Guingamp est situ\u00e9e au point kilom\u00e9trique (PK) 504,745 de la ligne de Paris-Montparnasse \u00e0 Brest, entre la gare de Ch\u00e2telaudren - Plouagat et la gare de Belle-Isle - B\u00e9gard. Gare de bifurcation, elle est l'origine de la ligne de Guingamp \u00e0 Carhaix, avant la gare de Moust\u00e9ru, et de la ligne de Guingamp \u00e0 Paimpol avant la halte de Gourland.\n\nHistoire \nLa gare de Guingamp est mise en service par la compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Ouest, le , lors de l'inauguration de la section de Rennes \u00e0 Guingamp de la ligne de Paris-Montparnasse \u00e0 Brest.\n\nC'est \u00e0 la fin du  qu'il est de nouveau question d'ouvertures d'un r\u00e9seau de voies ferr\u00e9es d'int\u00e9r\u00eat local dont certaines doivent desservir Guingamp. La compagnie de l'Ouest concessionnaire mais ne d\u00e9sirant pas exploiter directement ce r\u00e9seau secondaire, \u00e0 voie m\u00e9trique, le confie en affermage \u00e0 la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des chemins de fer \u00e9conomiques qui construit ce que l'on appellera le R\u00e9seau Breton. Les ouvertures se succ\u00e8dent avec les  de Carhaix \u00e0 Guingamp le 24 septembre 1893 et les  de Guingamp \u00e0 Paimpol le 14 ao\u00fbt 1894.\n\nAu d\u00e9but du , la gare de Guingamp va gagner encore en importance avec la construction par les Chemins de fer des C\u00f4tes-du-Nord de la ligne de Plouha \u00e0 Guingamp, inaugur\u00e9e le 20 juin 1905. \n\nCe d\u00e9veloppement du trafic ferroviaire est parfois accompagn\u00e9 d'accidents comme le d\u00e9raillement, le 24 ao\u00fbt 1909, d'un train tract\u00e9 par la locomotive \u00e0 vapeur 18, une 030T Blanc-Misseron, qui occasionne quelques blessures aux passagers.\n\nPuis la ligne de Guingamp \u00e0 Saint-Nicolas-du-P\u00e9lem, inaugur\u00e9e le 12 janvier 1924, compl\u00e8te l'\u00e9toile ferroviaire \u00e0 six branches de Guingamp.\n\nLes fermetures de ces r\u00e9seaux secondaires \u00e0 voie m\u00e9trique d\u00e9butent en 1937 et, en 1968, apr\u00e8s la transformation de la ligne de Carhaix \u00e0 Guingamp mise en voie \u00e0 l'\u00e9cartement standard, les voies m\u00e9triques encore existantes ne sont plus exploit\u00e9es.\n\nEn 1991, la halle aux marchandises est d\u00e9truite. Elle abritait un autorail \u00ab\u00a0Picasso\u00a0\u00bb, le X3890, apr\u00e8s un projet avort\u00e9 de restauration et de train touristique. R\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9 par l'association Chemins de fer du Centre-Bretagne, il quitte la gare en 1993 pour rejoindre celle de Loud\u00e9ac.\n\nEn 2010, elle est la quatri\u00e8me gare marchandises de la r\u00e9gion Bretagne en 2006.\n\nDe mars 2014 \u00e0 f\u00e9vrier 2015, la gare est r\u00e9am\u00e9nag\u00e9e afin de cr\u00e9er un p\u00f4le d\u2019\u00e9changes multimodal. Les am\u00e9nagements r\u00e9alis\u00e9s concernent entre autres la modification du parvis de la gare, d\u00e9sormais d\u00e9di\u00e9 aux pi\u00e9tons, la r\u00e9organisation des parkings et la transformation des quais pour les rendre accessibles aux personnes \u00e0 mobilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite avec l'installation d'ascenseurs.\n\nFr\u00e9quentation \nSelon les estimations de la SNCF, la fr\u00e9quentation annuelle de la gare s'\u00e9l\u00e8ve aux nombres indiqu\u00e9s dans le tableau ci-dessous.\n\nService des voyageurs\n\nAccueil \nGare SNCF, elle dispose d'un b\u00e2timent voyageurs ouvert tous les jours, avec guichets ouverts du lundi au samedi. Elle est \u00e9quip\u00e9e d'automates pour l'achat de titres de transport TER et pour la validation des cartes KorriGo. C'est une gare \u00ab\u00a0Acc\u00e8s plus\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0Acc\u00e8s TER\u00a0\u00bb, avec des am\u00e9nagements, \u00e9quipements et services pour les personnes \u00e0 la mobilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite.\n\nDesserte \nGuingamp est desservie par huit aller-retour quotidiens TGV (marques TGV inOui et Ouigo) de la ligne Paris-Montparnasse\u00a0\u2013 Rennes\u00a0\u2013 Brest / Lannion. Le temps de parcours pour Paris est d'environ .\n\nLa gare est \u00e9galement desservie par des trains TER Bretagne qui effectuent des missions sur les lignes : 1 (Rennes\u00a0\u2013 Saint-Brieuc\u00a0\u2013 Brest), 20 (Lannion\u00a0\u2013 Guingamp\u00a0\u2013 Saint-Brieuc), 21 (Saint-Brieuc\u00a0\u2013 Morlaix\u00a0\u2013 Brest), 25 (Guingamp\u00a0\u2013 Paimpol) et 25b (Guingamp\u00a0\u2013 Carhaix).\n\nIntermodalit\u00e9 \n\nUn parc pour les v\u00e9los et un parking y sont am\u00e9nag\u00e9s. Elle est desservie par les autocars du r\u00e9seau r\u00e9gional BreizhGo (lignes : 6, 21, 22 et 23).\n\nService des marchandises \nEn 2019, selon SNCF R\u00e9seau, la cour marchandises a besoin d'\u00eatre remise en \u00e9tat pour \u00eatre ouverte au service du fret.\n\nEn 2006, Guingamp figure, avec , \u00e0 la quatri\u00e8me place des gares bretonnes pour le trafic marchandises apr\u00e8s les gares de Rennes, Plestan et La Brohini\u00e8re. Ce trafic repr\u00e9sente  d\u00e9charg\u00e9es et  charg\u00e9es. Il s'agit, pour un peu moins des trois quarts, de produits venant de l'agriculture, le reste \u00e9tant repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par des automobiles et des engrais.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticles connexes \n Liste de gares en France\n Liste des gares de Bretagne\n Liste des gares desservies par TGV\n Ligne de Paris-Montparnasse \u00e0 Brest\n Ligne de Guingamp \u00e0 Carhaix\n Ligne de Guingamp \u00e0 Paimpol\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n\nGare dans les C\u00f4tes-d'Armor\nLigne de Paris-Montparnasse \u00e0 Brest\nLigne Guingamp - Carhaix\nLigne Guingamp - Paimpol\nGare", "meta": {"title": "Gare de Guingamp", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gare%20de%20Guingamp", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nMitologia\nPrometeo \u2013 figura della mitologia greca\n\nLetteratura\nPrometeo \u2013 tragedia di Lucio Accio\nPrometeo \u2013 poemetto di Johann Wolfgang von Goethe\nIl Prometeo \u2013 poemetto di Vincenzo Monti\nPrometeo o il Caucaso \u2013 tragedia di Luciano di Samosata\n\nMusica\nPrometeo \u2013 trag\u00e9die lyrique di Gabriel Faur\u00e9\nPrometeo \u2013 poema sinfonico di Franz Liszt\nPrometeo \u2013 album di Renato Zero\nPrometeo. Tragedia dell'ascolto \u2013 dramma in musica di Luigi Nono\nPrometeo. Poema del fuoco \u2013 poema sinfonico di Alexander Scrjabin\n\nScienze \nPrometeo \u2013 satellite naturale del pianeta Saturno\nPrometeo \u2013 asteroide\nPrometeo o Promezio \u2013 elemento \nPrometeo \u2013 sino al 2012 l'albero pi\u00f9 vecchio del mondo, aveva 4.844 anni quando fu abbattuto nel 1964\n\nAltro \nPrometeo \u2013 nome proprio maschile italiano\nPrometeo \u2013 rivista trimestrale di scienza e storia\nPrometeo \u2013 associazione italiana per la lotta alla pedofilia\nPrometeo (Prometheus) \u2013 episodio della sesta stagione di Stargate SG-1 che prende il nome dall'astronave Prometeo (in originale Prometheus)\nPrometeo \u2013 personaggio dei fumetti Marvel Comics\nPrometeo \u2013 personaggio di Chrono Trigger\nPrometeo \u2013 personaggio DC Comics\nL'inganno di Prometeo \u2013 romanzo di Robert Ludlum del 2000\n\nPagine correlate \n Prometheus", "meta": {"title": "Prometeo (disambigua)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prometeo%20%28disambigua%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Saksahan (\u00een ) este localitatea de re\u0219edin\u021b\u0103 a comunei Saksahan din raionul Peat\u00eehatk\u00ee, regiunea Dnipropetrovsk, Ucraina.\n\nDemografie \n\nConform recens\u0103m\u00e2ntului din 2001, majoritatea popula\u021biei localit\u0103\u021bii Saksahan era vorbitoare de ucrainean\u0103 (%), exist\u00e2nd \u00een minoritate \u0219i vorbitori de rus\u0103 (%).\n\nNote \n\nSaksahan, Saksahan, Peat\u00eehatk\u00ee, Dnipropetrovsk\nSaksahan, Saksahan, Peat\u00eehatk\u00ee, Dnipropetrovsk\nSaksahan, Saksahan, Peat\u00eehatk\u00ee, Dnipropetrovsk", "meta": {"title": "Saksahan, Peat\u00eehatk\u00ee", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksahan%2C%20Peat%C3%AEhatk%C3%AE", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Uplifting Trance gilt als die Hauptkategorie der Trance-Musik. Es weist einen hymnenhaften sowie euphorisierenden Charakter auf und beinhaltet weitere Unterkategorien wie Epic Trance, Orchestral Trance sowie Dutch Trance.\n\nCharakteristische Elemente \nDer Begriff Uplifting (deutsch \u201eerhebend\u201c) steht f\u00fcr einen euphorisierenden Charakter, der durch eing\u00e4ngige Melodien, Pattern und Sequenzen erzeugt wird. Dabei wird der H\u00f6rer in ein Gef\u00fchl der Ekstase versetzt, was ihn einerseits meditativ beeinflusst, andererseits aber den Drang ausl\u00f6st, sich dazu zu bewegen. Das Tempo betr\u00e4gt in der Regel um die 136\u2013140 BPM.\n\nWeitere bezeichnende Merkmale sind eine relativ komplexe pr\u00e4gnante Melodie, energievolle Sounds und rollende Basslines. Dabei besteht die Bassline nicht, wie bei klassischem Trance aus einer 4/4-Offbeat-Bassline, sondern meist aus einem sechzehntelbasierten Pattern (Veracocha \u2013 Carte Blanche, hier besonders gut schon im Aufbau-Part zu h\u00f6ren). Hier werden die entsprechenden Steps durch die enorme Verdichtung (Kompressor) der Patterns besonders betont. Dadurch entsteht eine druckvolle, \u201etreibende\u201c Dynamik. Die Bassdrum ist dabei aber lediglich ein begleitendes Element und dominiert selten. Im Vordergrund steht hier ganz allein die Melodie, welche sich durch eine meist helle, spannungsgeladene, euphorisierende Klangfarbe auszeichnet, die meist den SuperSaw-Synth enth\u00e4lt. Zusammengefasst ist Uplifting \u201etreibend\u201c, \u201emelodisch\u201c und \u201eerhebend\u201c.\n\nGeschichte \nDie Stilrichtung entstand zwischen Mitte und Ende der 1990er-Jahre, als Dutch Trance den Hardcore Techno und Gabber in den Niederlanden als popul\u00e4rste Richtung bei der elektronischen Tanzmusik abl\u00f6ste. Als damalige Vorreiter zu nennen sind Armin van Buuren, Ferry Corsten, Above & Beyond oder M.I.K.E. Seit Mitte der 2000er Jahre erweisen sich allerdings Aly & Fila, John O\u2019Callaghan oder The Thrillseekers als Vorreiter des heutigen Genres.\n\nStiltypische Vertreter\n\nSt\u00fccke \nStiltypische St\u00fccke von Uplifting Trance sind:\n 1998: System F \u2013 Out Of The Blue\n 1999: Veracocha \u2013 Carte Blanche\n 2003: Nu Nrg \u2013 Connective\n 2005: Luminary \u2013 Amsterdam (Super 8 & Tab Remix)\n 2005: John O\u2019Callaghan & Bryan Kearney \u2013 Exactly\n 2008: Woody van Eyden & Alex M.O.R.P.H. feat. Michelle Citrin \u2013 Turn It On\n 2008: The Thrillseekers feat. Fisher \u2013 The Last Time\n 2011: Aly & Fila feat. Jwaydan \u2013 We Control The Sunlight\n 2012: Paul van Dyk feat. Plumb \u2013 I Don\u2019t Deserve You (Giuseppe Ottaviani Remix)\n 2013: SkyPatrol \u2013 Folding Your Universe\n 2014: Jorn van Deynhoven \u2013 New Horizons\n 2015: Matt Darey feat. Kate Louise Smith \u2013 See The Sun (Dan Stone Rework)\n\nInterpreten \nAktive Vertreter dieser Stilrichtung sind:\n\nLabels \nAktive Labels dieser Stilrichtung sind:\n\nWeitere Unterkategorien \nWeitere Unterkategorien von Uplifting Trance:\n\nDutch Trance \nDutch Trance wird als Bezeichnung f\u00fcr Trance-Musik aus den Niederlanden verwendet und ist eine Form des Uplifting Trance. Zwischen Mitte und Ende der 1990er-Jahre l\u00f6ste Trance den Hardcore Techno und Gabber in den Niederlanden als popul\u00e4rste Richtung der elektronischen Tanzmusik ab. Vor allem die DJs und Produzenten Ti\u00ebsto, Armin van Buuren und Ferry Corsten gaben dem niederl\u00e4ndischen Trance einen eigenen Charakter. Sie verwendeten neben speziellen Klangfarben und Strukturen auch Gesang, was sich bis dahin in der internationalen Trance-Szene (wahrscheinlich aufgrund der N\u00e4he zur Popmusik) keiner gro\u00dfen Beliebtheit erfreute. Mit Songs wie \u201eDelerium feat. Sarah McLachlan \u2013 Silence (DJ Ti\u00ebsto\u2019s In Search Of Sunrise Remix)\u201c etablierte sich Dutch Trance in Diskotheken und bei Gro\u00dfveranstaltungen.\n 1998: Push \u2013 Universal Nation\n 1999: Armin \u2013 Communication\n 1999: Gouryella \u2013 Walhalla\n 1999: Rank 1 \u2013 Airwave\n 2000: Delerium feat. Sarah McLachlan \u2013 Silence (DJ Ti\u00ebsto\u2019s In Search Of Sunrise Remix)\n\nEpic Trance \nEpic Trance ist eine in der traditionellen Songstruktur gehaltene Form des Trance mit sehr pr\u00e4gnanten Melodien, die in seltenen F\u00e4llen sogar als \u201eHymnen\u201c f\u00fcr Veranstaltungen komponiert wurden. Extreme Form des Uplifting Trance, auch Anthem Trance.\n 1998: Binary Finary \u2013 1998\n 2002: Second Sun \u2013 Empire (Paul van Dyk TPOD Mix)\n 2003: Ernesto vs Bastian \u2013 A Few Seconds After Trancefer\n\nOrchestral Trance \n\u00dcber die Pioniere wie Andy Blueman, Simon O'Shine, Soundlift oder Ahmed Romel entstand Orchestral Trance. Das Genre zeichnet sich durch die in symphonischen Orchestern verwendeten Instrumente wie Violinen, Klaviere, H\u00f6rner, orchestrale Trommeln und andere aus. Ein weiteres Merkmal sind die minutenlangen Breakdowns, die zur Ekstase oder emotionalen Zusammenbr\u00fcchen f\u00fchren sollen, und auch, dass die Werke allgemein ohne Lyrik auskommen.\n\nStiltypische St\u00fccke sind:\n 2009: Gaia \u2013 Tuvan (Andy Blueman Remix)\n 2012: Simon O\u2019Shine \u2013 Your Distant World\n 2014: Ahmed Romel \u2013 Yarden\n 2016: SoundLift \u2013 Essence of Life\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\n!\nStil der elektronischen Tanzmusik", "meta": {"title": "Uplifting Trance", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uplifting%20Trance", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dendropemon brevipes \u00e4r en tv\u00e5hj\u00e4rtbladig v\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Nathaniel Lord Britton. Dendropemon brevipes ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Dendropemon och familjen Loranthaceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nSandeltr\u00e4dsordningen\nbrevipes", "meta": {"title": "Dendropemon brevipes", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendropemon%20brevipes", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Amade ibne Imadadim () foi um m\u00e9dico e alquimista persa do , provavelmente oriundo de Nixapur. Foi o autor de um tratado alqu\u00edmico intitulado Sobre a Arte do Elixir (Fi sina\u2018at al-iksir) que est\u00e1 preservado na Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina. O manuscrito n\u00e3o est\u00e1 datado, mas parece ser do  ou XVIII. Nele, h\u00e1 v\u00e1rias notas marginais dando cita\u00e7\u00f5es de Jabir ibne Haiane. Nenhuma outra c\u00f3pia foi identificada e o autor n\u00e3o est\u00e1 listado nas bibliografias p\u00fablicas dos escritores isl\u00e2micos sobre alquimia.\n\nCientistas do Ir\u00e3o\nAlquimistas do Isl\u00e3 medieval", "meta": {"title": "Amade ibne Imadadim", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amade%20ibne%20Imadadim", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mto wa Mbu (in lingua swahili = \"fiume delle zanzare\") \u00e8 un villaggio masai della Tanzania settentrionale (regione di Arusha), situato sulle sponde del Lago Manyara.\n\nIl villaggio dista circa 120\u00a0km dal capoluogo Arusha ed oltre ad essere la porta di ingresso al parco nazionale del lago Manyara \u00e8 un importante snodo per le rotte che portano alla riserva naturale di Ngorongoro, al parco nazionale del Serengeti e al parco nazionale del Tarangire.\n\nEconomia\n\nIl piano di opere per l'irrigazione risalente agli anni '50 ha trasformato il territorio intorno a Mto wa Mbu in un'area estremamente fertile dando un notevole impulso all'agricoltura, che rappresenta la principale risorsa economica.\nIl villaggio \u00e8 un importante centro di produzione di banane, con oltre trenta variet\u00e0 coltivate, originarie di varie regioni della Tanzania. Altre risorse importanti sono il riso e il mais.\n.\n\nPopolazione\nAl censimento del 2012 la circoscrizione di Mto wa Mbu contava 11.405 abitanti.\nLo sviluppo delle attivit\u00e0 agricole ha richiamato nell'area gente di tutte l'etnie della Tanzania, ciascuna con le proprie tradizioni culturali, per cui accanto alle famiglie Maasai, si trovano i Chagga, i Sandawe, i Rangi solo per citare alcune delle etnie pi\u00f9 rappresentate.\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti \n\nRegione di Arusha", "meta": {"title": "Mto wa Mbu", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20wa%20Mbu", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "1977. november 30-\u00e1n \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos v\u00e1laszt\u00e1sokat tartottak D\u00e9l-Afrik\u00e1ban. A John Vorster vezette Nemzeti P\u00e1rt a szavazatok t\u00f6bb mint 65 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k\u00e1nak bes\u00f6pr\u00e9s\u00e9vel a p\u00e1rt minden id\u0151k legjobb eredm\u00e9ny\u00e9t \u00e9rte el. A Colin Eglin vezette, \u00fajonnan alakult Progressz\u00edv F\u00f6der\u00e1lis P\u00e1rt lett a hivatalos ellenz\u00e9k. Az Egyes\u00fclt P\u00e1rt ut\u00f3dja, az \u00daj K\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1g P\u00e1rt mind\u00f6ssze 10 mand\u00e1tumot szerzett, azokat is egy kiv\u00e9tel\u00e9vel mind Natal tartom\u00e1nyban. A Helyre\u00e1ll\u00edtott Nemzeti P\u00e1rt ism\u00e9t nem tudott mand\u00e1tumhoz jutni.\n\nEredm\u00e9nyek\n\nJegyzetek\n\nFord\u00edt\u00e1s \n\nD\u00e9l-afrikai v\u00e1laszt\u00e1sok", "meta": {"title": "1977-es d\u00e9l-afrikai \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977-es%20d%C3%A9l-afrikai%20%C3%A1ltal%C3%A1nos%20v%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1s", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Johann Anton Leisewitz (Hannover,  \u2013 Braunschweig, ) foi um advogado alem\u00e3o e poeta dram\u00e1tico, e uma figura central da era Sturm und Drang. \u00c9 mais conhecido por sua pe\u00e7a Julius of Tarent (1776), que inspirou Friedrich Schiller e \u00e9 considerado o precursor da quintessencial obra de Schiller Sturm und Drang, The Robbers (1781).\n\nBiografia \nEle foi a G\u00f6ttingen em 1770 e tornou-se membro do c\u00edrculo de poetas chamado Der Hainbund, que inclu\u00eda Stolberg e Voss, e contribuiu com dois poemas para o G\u00f6ttinger Musenalmanach em 1775, ambos essencialmente dram\u00e1ticos e democr\u00e1ticos. Em 1775, em Brunswick, e mais tarde em Berlim e Weimar, ele conheceu e logo contou com seus amigos Eschenburg, Moses Mendelssohn, Lessing, Nicolai, Herder e Goethe. Sua \u00fanica pe\u00e7a completa, Julius of Tarent (1776), foi escrita no estilo de Lessing e com grande parte da t\u00e9cnica dram\u00e1tica deste \u00faltimo. A pe\u00e7a era uma das favoritas de Friedrich Schiller e era frequentemente exibida na Alemanha. Tamb\u00e9m inspirou Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, que foi contratado como dramaturgo pelo sogro de Leisewitz, Abel Seyler.\n\nVida pessoal \nEle se casou com Sophie Marie Katharina Seyler (1762-1833) em Hamburgo em 1781. Ela era filha do famoso diretor de teatro nascido na Su\u00ed\u00e7a Abel Seyler e enteada da atriz Friederike Sophie Seyler, e cresceu com seu tio J.G.R. Andreae em Hannover. Seu irm\u00e3o era o banqueiro Ludwig Erdwin Seyler, que se tornou por casamento membro da dinastia banc\u00e1ria Berenberg-Gossler. Leisewitz era um parente distante de sua esposa no lado Andreae e tinha sido um visitante frequente na casa Andreae, com sua grande biblioteca, em sua juventude. Mais tarde, ele se referiu a J.G.R. Andreae como seu tio. Seus di\u00e1rios e cartas \u00e0 esposa foram publicados. As cartas enviadas entre Johann Anton Leisewitz e Sophie Seyler foram descritas como algumas das mais belas cartas de amor do final do s\u00e9culo XVIII.\n\nGaleria \n\n \n\nAlunos da Universidade de G\u00f6ttingen\nPoetas da Alemanha", "meta": {"title": "Johann Anton Leisewitz", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Anton%20Leisewitz", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Les  se trouvent \u00e0 Sendai dans la pr\u00e9fecture de Miyagi au Japon. Elles sont class\u00e9es lieu de beaut\u00e9 pittoresque de niveau national.\n\nArticle connexe \n\n Akiu no Taue Odori\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nSource de la traduction \n\nG\u00e9ographie de la pr\u00e9fecture de Miyagi\nLieu de beaut\u00e9 pittoresque au Japon\nSendai\nAkiu", "meta": {"title": "Grandes chutes d'Akiu", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandes%20chutes%20d%27Akiu", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Arc 1600 est un des sites de la station des Arcs et se situe sur le versant nord du massif de la Vanoise en Tarentaise dans la partie est du d\u00e9partement de la Savoie. \n\nPremier site des Arcs \u00e0 avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9, Arc 1600 est une station int\u00e9gr\u00e9e dite de troisi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration et est install\u00e9e sur la commune de Bourg-Saint-Maurice.\n\nHistoire \n-- La station des Arcs est n\u00e9e de la rencontre d\u2019un moniteur de ski, conseiller municipal, Robert Blanc, et d\u2019un polytechnicien, homme d\u2019affaires, Roger Godino.\n\nBernard Marrey - historien de l'architecture, auteur de nombreux ouvrages et articles. Fondateur des \u00e9ditions du Linteau\n\nArc 1600 fut construit en 1968 dans la continuit\u00e9 du Plan neige et fut le premier site des Arcs \u00e0 avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 inaugur\u00e9. C'est le plus bas des quatre. Ce site s'appelait autrefois \u00ab\u00a0Arc Pierre Blanche\u00a0\u00bb mais a vite chang\u00e9 de nom au profit de sa nouvelle appellation \u00ab\u00a0Arc 1600\u00a0\u00bb.\n\nArc 1600 compte  et plus de .\n\nLa station obtient le label \u00ab Patrimoine du  si\u00e8cle \u00bb en Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes.\n\nIl s'agit, selon les mots de Roger Godino d'\u00ab un laboratoire de formation commune \u00bb?-. \n\nRoger Godino, promoteur, d\u00e9cide de faire de la station d'Arc 1600 \u00e0 ses d\u00e9buts, un test architectural et technique qui s'\u00e9talera sur huit ans et au cours desquels seize projets vont naitre. \n\nOnt collabor\u00e9 \u00e0 ce projet de station : Pierre Faucheux, Charlotte Perriand, Robert Rebutato, Gaston Regairaz, Guy Rey-Millet, Bernard Taillefer, Alain-Jean Tav\u00e8s, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyon-Caen, Catherine Salomon-Pelen, Yves Belmont.\n\nLes architectes optent d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but du projet, pour une station sans voitures. Les parkings, situ\u00e9s en contrebas, accueilleront les v\u00e9hicules et les pi\u00e9tons pourront ainsi se d\u00e9placer librement \u00e0 travers la station qui suit la courbe de niveau unique.\n\n\u00c0 partir de 1967, la collaboration avec Charlotte Perriand r\u00e9oriente le projet initial bas\u00e9 sur des tours d'habitations vers des immeubles dits \"couch\u00e9s\" construits le long de la pente, ce qui permet de ne pas couper la vue vers la vall\u00e9e.\n\nArchitecte et urbaniste, elle con\u00e7oit \u00e9galement le mobilier int\u00e9rieur de la plupart des b\u00e2timents :\n\nEn 1968, H\u00f4tel et R\u00e9sidence Les Trois Arcs (Gaston Regairaz, Guy Rey-Millet, Atelier d'architecture en montagne), Immeuble La cascade (Guy Rey-Millet, Agence d'architecture en montagne)\n\nEn 1969, Immeuble La Rive (Bernard Taillefer, Agence d'architecture en montagne)\n\nEn 1969 -1972, H\u00f4tel de voyageurs Explorer Immeuble Versant Sud (Gaston Regairaz, Guy Rey-Millet, Atelier d'architecture en montagne)\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticles connexes \n Arc 1800\n Arc 1950\n Arc 2000\n Tourisme en Savoie\n Liste des \u00e9difices labellis\u00e9s \u00ab Patrimoine du XXe si\u00e8cle \u00bb de la Savoie\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\n\u00c9quipement sportif achev\u00e9 en 1968\nStation de sports d'hiver en Savoie\nSport \u00e0 Bourg-Saint-Maurice\n\u00c9difice labellis\u00e9 \u00ab Patrimoine du XXe si\u00e8cle \u00bb en Savoie", "meta": {"title": "Arc 1600", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%201600", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Plesiophrictus raja is een spinnensoort in de taxonomische indeling van de vogelspinnen (Theraphosidae). \n\nHet dier behoort tot het geslacht Plesiophrictus. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1915 door Frederick Henry Gravely.\n\nVogelspinnen", "meta": {"title": "Plesiophrictus raja", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plesiophrictus%20raja", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ari M. Schwartz is an American cybersecurity and technology policy expert. He is the former Special Assistant to the President and senior director for cybersecurity on the United States National Security Council Staff at the White House, having left the role in October 2015. Previously, Schwartz worked in both the Executive Branch and civil society as on cybersecurity, privacy, civil liberties, and policy. He is an advocate for vulnerability disclosure programs.\n\nCareer\nSchwartz came to the White House after serving as a Senior Advisor for technology policy to the United States Secretary of Commerce. Previously, he was at the National Institute of Standards and Technology  where he served as Internet Policy Advisor, working on the Internet Policy Task Force at the Department of Commerce.\n\nBefore his government service, Schwartz was the vice president and chief operating officer of the Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT) in Washington, D.C., in the United States.  He was formerly a CDT senior policy analyst and subsequently the center's Vice President and COO.\n\nWhile at CDT, Schwartz won the RSA conference award for Excellence in Public Policy, and the Online Trust Alliance Award for Excellence in Public Policy.\n\nIn October 2015, it was revealed that Schwartz had stepped down from his role as senior director for cybersecurity after a two-year tenure. He remarked that he had always planned to leave the role after this period. Schwartz was praised on his departure for helping to develop the government's cybersecurity framework, a voluntary guideline to help companies bolster their security programs, and as an honest broker with industry and civil society.\n\nSchwartz currently works at the law firm Venable, where he is the Managing Director of Cybersecurity Services.\n\nPersonal life\n\nSchwartz is from the Detroit, Michigan area, and holds a bachelor's degree in sociology from Brandeis University.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nCDT.org profile for Schwartz\nVideo (and audio) conversation with Schwartz about tech issues (specifically Google) on Bloggingheads.tv\n\nYear of birth missing (living people)\nLiving people\nPeople from Detroit\nBrandeis University alumni\nPeople associated with computer security", "meta": {"title": "Ari Schwartz", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ari%20Schwartz", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Arthropterus ovicollis is een keversoort uit de familie van de loopkevers (Carabidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1873 door Macleay.\n\novicollis", "meta": {"title": "Arthropterus ovicollis", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropterus%20ovicollis", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dibenzodioxin ist eine heterocyclische aromatische organische Verbindung, die aus einem 1,4-Dioxin mit zwei anellierten Benzolringen besteht. Die genaue chemische Bezeichnung ist Dibenzo-p-dioxin, da neben dieser auch noch das isomere Dibenzo-o-dioxin existiert. Dibenzodioxin ist ein aromatischer Ether. Sein Schwefelanalogon ist das Thianthren.\n\nPolyhalogenierte Derivate sind als Dioxine sehr bekannt.\n\nEigenschaften \nDer Octanol-Wasser-Verteilungskoeffizient log KOW von Dibenzodioxin betr\u00e4gt 4,30.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nDioxin\nAnelliertes Benzol", "meta": {"title": "Dibenzodioxin", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dibenzodioxin", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 2006 Silverstone GP2 Series round was a GP2 Series motor race held on 10 and 11 June 2006 at Silverstone Circuit, United Kingdom. It was the sixth round of the 2006 GP2 Series season. The race weekend supported the 2006 British Grand Prix.\n\nClassification\n\nQualifying\n\nFeature race\n\nSprint race\n\nReferences\n\nSilverstone\nGP2", "meta": {"title": "2006 Silverstone GP2 Series round", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Silverstone%20GP2%20Series%20round", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Mort de Dante Lazarescu () est un film roumain r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Cristi Puiu, sorti en 2005.\n\nSynopsis \nMonsieur Lazarescu, 63 ans, vit dans un appartement avec ses trois chats. Un samedi soir, ce dernier ne se sent pas bien. Jusqu'\u00e0 l'arriv\u00e9e de l'ambulance, il essaye d'apaiser son mal avec les m\u00e9dicaments qu'il a sous la main mais, n'ayant plus de pilules, il appelle ses voisins \u00e0 aide.\n\nSandu et Miki, ses voisins interrompus dans leur activit\u00e9 domestique, se portent \u00e0 son secours. Ce qui semblait \u00eatre un mal de t\u00eate, caus\u00e9 par l'abus d'alcool, s'av\u00e8re \u00eatre une infection plus s\u00e9rieuse quand M. Lazarescu vomit du sang.\n\nFinalement, l'assistante m\u00e9dicale de l'ambulance arrive. Sentant l'haleine alcoolis\u00e9e du patient, elle lui administre des vitamines et du glucose mais, apr\u00e8s une investigation plus s\u00e9rieuse, elle d\u00e9cide de l'emmener \u00e0 l'h\u00f4pital suspectant une tumeur au c\u00f4lon.\n\u00c0 l'h\u00f4pital, les choses se compliquent...\n\nFiche technique \n Titre : La Mort de Dante Lazarescu\n Titre original : Moartea domnului L\u0103z\u0103rescu\n R\u00e9alisation : Cristi Puiu\n Sc\u00e9nario : Cristi Puiu et R\u0103zvan R\u0103dulescu\n Production : Alexandru Munteanu\n Musique : Andreea Paduraru\n Photographie : Andrei Butica et Oleg Mutu\n Montage : Dana Bunescu\n D\u00e9cors : Cristina Barbu\n Pays d'origine : \n Format : Couleurs - 1,85:1 - St\u00e9r\u00e9o - 35 mm\n Genre : Drame\n Dur\u00e9e : 153 minutes\n Dates de sortie :  (festival de Cannes),  (Roumanie),  (France)\n\nDistribution \n Ioan Fiscuteanu : L\u0103z\u0103rescu Dante Remus\n Lumini\u021ba Gheorghiu : Mioara\n Doru Ana : Sandru\n Monica Barladeanu : Mariana\n Dragos Bucur : Misu\n Mirela Cioaba : Marioara\n Dana Dogaru : Miky\n Alexandru Fifea : Virgil\n \u0218erban Pavlu : Gelu\n Gabriel Spahiu : Leo\n Bogdan Dumitrache : M\u00e9decin \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4pital Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\n\nAutour du film \n Le tournage s'est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 \u00e0 Bucarest, en Roumanie.\n Le film a concouru en s\u00e9lection officielle lors du Festival de Cannes 2005 sous le titre La Mort de Monsieur Lazarescu.\n La Mort de Dante Lazarescu est le premier d'une s\u00e9rie de six longs m\u00e9trages que doit r\u00e9aliser Cristi Puiu sur les faubourgs de Bucarest.\n\nDistinctions\n\nR\u00e9compenses \n Prix Un certain regard lors du Festival de Cannes 2005.\n Prix sp\u00e9cial du jury lors du Festival international du film de Chicago 2005.\n\nNominations \n Nomination au prix du meilleur r\u00e9alisateur et meilleur sc\u00e9nario, lors des Prix du cin\u00e9ma europ\u00e9en 2005.\n Nomination au prix du meilleur film \u00e9tranger, lors des Film Independent's Spirit Awards 2006.\n\nLiens externes \n \n La Mort de Dante Lazarescu : Dante dans l'enfer des urgences, article paru dans Le Monde\n\nFilm roumain sorti en 2005\nFilm dramatique roumain\nFilm se d\u00e9roulant en Roumanie\nPrix Un certain regard\nFilm en temps r\u00e9el", "meta": {"title": "La Mort de Dante Lazarescu", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Mort%20de%20Dante%20Lazarescu", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Egidijus Purlys (* 28. September 1981  in Klaip\u0117da) ist ein litauischer Energie-Politiker, ehemaliger Vizeminister.\n\nLeben \nNach dem Abitur 1999 an der Mittelschule Klaip\u0117da absolvierte Egidijus Purlys 2004 ein Bachelorstudium der Verwaltung und 2008 das Masterstudium der \u00f6ffentlichen Wirtschaft an der Mykolo Romerio universitetas. 2004\u20132008 arbeitete er im Rechnungshof Litauens (Valstyb\u0117s kontrol\u0117) und danach im Energieministerium Litauens. Von 2017 bis 2020 war er Stellvertreter des Energieministers \u017dygimantas Vai\u010di\u016bnas  im Kabinett Skvernelis.\n\nEgidijus Purlys ist verheiratet und hat einen Sohn.\n\nWeblinks \nLeben\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nPolitiker (21. Jahrhundert)\nStellvertretender Energiewirtschaftsminister (Litauen)\nPerson (Valstyb\u0117s kontrol\u0117)\nAbsolvent der Mykolas-Romeris-Universit\u00e4t\nSowjetb\u00fcrger\nLitauer\nGeboren 1981\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Egidijus Purlys", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egidijus%20Purlys", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Panco \u00e9 uma empresa brasileira, fundada em 1952, no bairro da Vila R\u00e9, no distrito da Penha, Zona Leste de S\u00e3o Paulo. A empresa atua no segmento de produtos aliment\u00edcios e panifica\u00e7\u00e3o, produzindo e comercializando p\u00e3es, bolos, biscoitos, panetones, salgadinhos entre outros.\n\nOrigem \nOs irm\u00e3os e imigrantes okinawanos Jinko e Kiyotero Yonamine come\u00e7aram a atuar no ramo da panifica\u00e7\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s da Seven Boys, produzindo deliciosos e frescos bolos e doces que eram distribu\u00eddos no pequeno varejo local. Em 1985, os irm\u00e3os decidiram separar os neg\u00f3cios, Jinko ficou com a marca Seven Boys e Kiyotero adotou o nome Panco Por um acordo entre eles, a marca Seven Boys n\u00e3o poderia atuar nos mercados de S\u00e3o Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, regi\u00f5es controladas pela Panco, que, em contra partida n\u00e3o disputaria consumidores de Minas Gerais e da regi\u00e3o Sul do pa\u00eds. Esse acordo expirou em 2002, e a Seven boys, sob o comando de Iza Yonamine, aos poucos e encontrando resist\u00eancia reingressou no mercado paulista que responde por metade do consumo de p\u00e3es industrializados do pa\u00eds. Rapidamente recolocou a marca em grandes redes varejistas como P\u00e3o de A\u00e7\u00facar, Extra, Carrefour e Wal-Mart. A empresa tamb\u00e9m passou a atender varejistas no Rio, Goi\u00e1s e Distrito Federal.\n\nNo in\u00edcio de suas atividades, a Panco produzia artesanalmente doces de vitrines e p\u00e3es, que eram comercializados pelo pr\u00f3prio fundador em visitas pessoais \u00e0s mercearias, chamadas na \u00e9poca de secos e molhados, e \u00e0s padarias da regi\u00e3o.\n\nEtimologia da palavra \nO nome Panco vem do japon\u00eas , literalmente  \u201cfarinha de rosca\u201d, e foi escolhido por representar a principal mat\u00e9ria-prima, ou seja, a origem da maioria dos produtos, sendo a ess\u00eancia de sua exist\u00eancia.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n Panco comemora 65 anos\n Linha de produtos\n\nEmpresas de S\u00e3o Paulo (cidade)\nEmpresas de S\u00e3o Paulo (estado)\nFunda\u00e7\u00f5es em S\u00e3o Paulo em 1952\nEmpresas fundadas em 1952", "meta": {"title": "Panco", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panco", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Niet\u0105\u017ckowo  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina \u015amigiel, within Ko\u015bcian County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.\n\nReferences\n\nVillages in Ko\u015bcian County", "meta": {"title": "Niet\u0105\u017ckowo", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niet%C4%85%C5%BCkowo", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Os Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio s\u00e3o uma banda de m\u00fasica portuguesa formada na d\u00e9cada de 80 por S\u00e9rgio Castro e \u00c1lvaro Azevedo, m\u00fasicos dos Arte & Of\u00edcio, juntamente com Jo\u00e3o Lu\u00eds M\u00e9dicis que quando a banda come\u00e7ou tinha apenas 7 anos.\n\nAlcan\u00e7aram grande sucesso com temas como Chamem a Pol\u00edcia, A Can\u00e7om Que o Ab\u00f4 Minsinou, A Chabala do Meu Cura\u00e7om, Apunhalaste a Minha M\u00e3e, Molhareita Fartura na Tua Tassa Quente ou Taquetinho Ou Lebas Nu Fucinhu.\n\nEm 1986 participaram no Festival RTP da Can\u00e7\u00e3o com o tema Tigres de Bengala, que se classificou no p\u00f3dio. A compila\u00e7\u00e3o \"O Milhor dos Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio\" \u00e9 lan\u00e7ada em 1995; j\u00e1 no s\u00e9culo XXI Lan\u00e7am atrav\u00e9s da Farol o disco \"Iblussom\" em 2007. Em 2011 \u00e9 lan\u00e7ado o livro \"Das Turm\u00eantas H\u00e0 Boua Isperansa\" que inclui um disco de oferta.\n\nDiscografia \nEntre a sua discografia encontram-se:\n\nLong-play (LP) \n 1981 - Tripas \u00e0 Moda Do Porto, editora Polydor Records \n 1982 - Na Braza, editora Polygram\n 1986 - Mais Um Membro P'ra Europa, editora TDB) \n 1989 - Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio, compila\u00e7\u00e3o, editora Polygram\n 1990 - Serm\u00f5es a Todo o Rebanho, editora Polydor Records \n 1995 - O Milhor dos Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio, compila\u00e7\u00e3o, editora Polydor Records \n 2007 - Iblussom (2CD), editora Farol/TDB) \n 2011 - Das Turm\u00eantas H\u00e0 Boua Isperansa (CD+livro), editora TDB\n\nSingles \n 1980 - Lima 5 / Que Me Dizes Au Cuncurso, editora R\u00e1dio Produ\u00e7\u00f5es Europa \n 1980 - A Can\u00e7\u00f5m Quiu Ab\u00f4 Minsinoue / A Chabala do Meu Cura\u00e7om, editora Gira \n 1981 - Chamem a Policia / Sou Um Gajo do Porto, editora Gira \n 1981 - Chamem a Policia, editora Polygram\n 1981 - Alaibe et Chico\u00b4s Bar, EP in\u00e9dito\n 1986 - Os Tigres de Bengala S. F. R./ No Baile de S\u00e3o Bento (da Bit\u00f3ria), editora Transm\u00e9dia\n 1996 - Chamem A Pulissia / Nel Ligeiro, editora Polygram\n 1996 - Taquetinho Ou Lebas Nu Fucinhu, editora Polygram\n 2006 - Febras de S\u00e1bad\u00e0 Noite / Cord\u00e0bida, editora TDB\n 2006 - Ardenmus Olhus / De Manh\u00e1 eu Bou \u00f3 Pom, editora Farol\n 2007 - Bares Citadinus, editora Farol\n 2009 - No colo do Douro / O Voto \u00dctil, editora TDB\n 2010 - Gladiador (CD Extra), editora TDB\n\nImpacto\nA can\u00e7\u00e3o \"Chamem a pol\u00edcia\" foi listada no 38 lugar nas \"101 can\u00e7\u00f5es que marcaram Portugal\"  e no n\u00famero 10 das \"40 anos do boom do rock portugu\u00eas, 40 can\u00e7\u00f5es que fizeram hist\u00f3ria\" da revista Blitz. \n\nO \u00e1lbum \"Tripas \u00e0 Moda do Porto\" foi considerado o 16.\u00ba melhor \u00e1lbum de sempre da m\u00fasica portuguesa feitos na Invicta.\n\nA m\u00fasica dos Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio serviu tamb\u00e9m de inspira\u00e7\u00e3o para a designer de moda Maria Gambina.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n Site Oficial: Os Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio\n Anos 80\n Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio - Iblussom (Blog)\nAna Sousa entrevista S\u00e9rgio Castro e Jo\u00e3o de Medicis dos Os Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio no programa Por Outro Lado (Arquivos RTP)\nOs Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio no Festival da Can\u00e7\u00e3o de 1986 com a m\u00fasica Os Tigres de Bengala\nFestival em 5 Minutos - Nuno Galopim conta hist\u00f3rias do Festival da can\u00e7\u00e3o: Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio, Tigres de Bengala (1986) \n\nBandas de Portugal\nBandas formadas em 1980\nD\u00e9cada de 1980 em Portugal", "meta": {"title": "Trabalhadores do Com\u00e9rcio", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabalhadores%20do%20Com%C3%A9rcio", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Furcaspis taquarae \u00e4r en insektsart som beskrevs av Fonseca 1969. Furcaspis taquarae ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Furcaspis och familjen pansarsk\u00f6ldl\u00f6ss. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nPansarsk\u00f6ldl\u00f6ss\ntaquarae", "meta": {"title": "Furcaspis taquarae", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furcaspis%20taquarae", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nickerie is a district of Suriname, on the north-west coast. Nickerie's capital city is Nieuw-Nickerie. Another town is Wageningen. The district borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the Surinamese district of Coronie to the east, the Surinamese district of Sipaliwini to the south and the region of East Berbice-Corentyne in Guyana to the west.\n\nNickerie has a population of 36.639 (2004) and an area of 5,353\u00a0km2. Nickerie's population includes East Indian, Javanese, Afro-Surinamese, Chinese, and Europeans.\n\nNickerie is bordered with Guyana. There is no bridge between the countries, but there is a ferry that sails between Molson Creek in Guyana and South Drain.\n\nHistory\nNickerie District was originally settled by Amerindians. Near the Wonotobo Falls, a settlement was discovered which dates from the 1st century BC. Between the 6th and 16th century some terpen (artificial mounts) were built in the coastal area of which Hertenrits is the best known. In 1613, a tobacco plantation was established on the Courantyne River, however it disappeared without a trace.\n\nIn 1718, Dietzel became the first person to successfully settle in the area. In 1797, governor Jurriaan Fran\u00e7ois de Friderici approved the first plantation in Nickerie. A large number of Scottish and English settlers arrived in the area during the British Occupation, and primarily grew cotton and coffee. The capital Nieuw Nickerie was built in 1879 after the former center of the district, Nieuw Rotterdam, was destroyed by floods.\n\nThe name Nickerie is probably based on Neekeari which was first reported by Teenstra in 1596 for an indigenous tribe living the area. The name also appears in Robert Dudley's The Voyage of Robert Dudley to the West-Indies, 1594-1595.\n\nNickerie had a poor connection to Paramaribo. It was not until 1960s when the East-West Link was constructed linking Nickerie with the rest of the country.\n\nResorts\n\n Groot Henar\n Nieuw Nickerie\n Oostelijke Polders\n Wageningen\n Westelijke Polders\n\nVillages\n Cupido\n Glasgow\n Hamptoncourtpolder\n Lokono Shikuabana\n Manchester\n Paradise\n South Drain\n\nAgriculture\n\nDuring the 19th century, Nickerie became home to many plantation. The abolition of slavery, transformed the area in smaller scale farming. In the late 19 century, many plantations start to  shift to balat\u00e1 production whose latex was used for driving belts and isolation, but started to become obsolete in the early 20th century. In 1955, a project of poldering started, resulting in an increase of cultivatable land.\n\nBananas and rice are the main crops grown in Nickerie. Some rice had been grown previously, but during the 20th century, Nickerie became the centre of the rice in Suriname, mainly due to the East Indian and Javanese indentured laborers.\n\nTourism\nNieuw Nickerie is started to develop as a tourist area. There are quite a number of hotels in the city, and the nearby Bigi Pan Nature Reserve opened opportunities for ecotourism. In 1972, the Hertenrits Nature Reserve was founded. In the reserve there are five terpen (artificial mounts). They were located in the middle of the swamp, and remains from the pre-Columbian era had been discovered in the mounts. Hertenrits has been incorporated into the Bigi Pan reserve.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Nickerie.nl\n Nickerie.net\n \n \n\n \nDistricts of Suriname", "meta": {"title": "Nickerie District", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickerie%20District", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Genoa es una villa ubicada en el condado de Vernon en el estado estadounidense de Wisconsin. En el Censo de 2010 ten\u00eda una poblaci\u00f3n de 253 habitantes y una densidad poblacional de 321,33 personas por km\u00b2.\n\nGeograf\u00eda \nGenoa se encuentra ubicada en las coordenadas . Seg\u00fan la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos, Genoa tiene una superficie total de 0.79 km\u00b2, de la cual 0.77 km\u00b2 corresponden a tierra firme y (2.63%) 0.02 km\u00b2 es agua.\n\nDemograf\u00eda \nSeg\u00fan el censo de 2010, hab\u00eda 253 personas residiendo en Genoa. La densidad de poblaci\u00f3n era de 321,33 hab./km\u00b2. De los 253 habitantes, Genoa estaba compuesto por el 97.23% blancos, el 0% eran afroamericanos, el 1.58% eran amerindios, el 0.4% eran asi\u00e1ticos, el 0% eran isle\u00f1os del Pac\u00edfico, el 0% eran de otras razas y el 0.79% pertenec\u00edan a dos o m\u00e1s razas. Del total de la poblaci\u00f3n el 0% eran hispanos o latinos de cualquier raza.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\nVillas de Wisconsin\nLocalidades del condado de Vernon (Wisconsin)\nLocalidades a orillas del r\u00edo Misisipi", "meta": {"title": "Genoa (Wisconsin)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genoa%20%28Wisconsin%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "V\u00e4h\u00e4kyr\u00f6 este o comun\u0103 din Finlanda.\n\nVezi \u0219i \nLista comunelor din Finlanda\n\nReferin\u021be\n\nComune din Finlanda", "meta": {"title": "V\u00e4h\u00e4kyr\u00f6", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4h%C3%A4kyr%C3%B6", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El macaco de c\u00f2fia (Macaca sinica) \u00e9s un primat de la fam\u00edlia dels cercopit\u00e8cids.\n\nAmb una llargada corporal de 40-55\u00a0cm i un pes que rarament supera els 8\u00a0kg, el macaco de c\u00f2fia \u00e9s el macaco vivent m\u00e9s petit. El nom de l'esp\u00e8cie deriva del p\u00e8l hirsut que t\u00e9 al cim del cap.\n\nEl p\u00e8l del cos \u00e9s curt i de color marr\u00f3 al dors i blanquin\u00f3s a la zona ventral. La cua \u00e9s igual que el cos o m\u00e9s llarga.\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies \n\nCofia", "meta": {"title": "Macaco de c\u00f2fia", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaco%20de%20c%C3%B2fia", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Zhao Qi (died 201), courtesy name Binqing, was an official and scholar who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China. He wrote the Commentaries on Mencius (), one of the few major commentaries on Mencius from that period still in existence.\n\nSee also\n Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms\n\nReferences\n\n Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).\n Fan, Ye (5th century). Book of the Later Han (Houhanshu).\n \n Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).\n\n2nd-century births\n201 deaths\nHan dynasty politicians from Shaanxi\nHan dynasty essayists\nPoliticians from Xi'an\nWriters from Xi'an\nDong Zhuo and associates\nLiu Biao and associates\nOfficials under Cao Cao", "meta": {"title": "Zhao Qi (Han dynasty)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao%20Qi%20%28Han%20dynasty%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Li Hongzao (; 1820\u20131897), styled Lansun (), pseudonym Shisun (), was a high government official towards the end of the Qing dynasty. One of his sons was Li Shizeng, a prominent politician in the Chinese Nationalist Party.\n\nOfficial career\nLi was born in Gaoyang County, Zhili, in present-day Hebei province. In 1861, the two dowagers empresses chose Li Hongzao, Qi Junzao, and Weng Xincun, who were all Imperial teachers, to instruct the newly enthroned Tongzhi Emperor in the classics. The Emperor, who was less than five years old at the time, displayed little or no interest in his studies, and would concentrate only when Li was instructing him. Li rose to be vice-president of the Board of Revenue and Grand Councilor, and in 1872 became head of the Board of Works. He then retired for a three-year period, 1877-1880, as required by custom and statute at the death of his mother.\n\nUpon his return to office, he resumed his post with the Grand Council and the Zongli Yamen, which was in effect the dynasty's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1884, Li and all the Grand Councillors, such as Yixin, who had been supported by the Empress Dowager, Cixi, were dismissed in a dispute with a group of conservative officials. He was gradually given permission to resume responsibilities, but often criticized for not carrying them out promptly. After the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894, he was given even greater duties, but died in 1897.\n\nFamily\n Son: Li Shizeng\n\nNotes\n\n1820 births\n1897 deaths\nQing dynasty diplomats\nQing dynasty politicians from Hebei\nPoliticians from Baoding\nGrand Councillors of the Qing dynasty\nAssistant Grand Secretaries\nMinisters of Zongli Yamen\nImperial tutors in Qing dynasty", "meta": {"title": "Li Hongzao", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%20Hongzao", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Katrine Fruelund (ur. 12 lipca 1978 roku w Randersie) - du\u0144ska pi\u0142karka r\u0119czna, wielokrotna reprezentantka kraju. Gra na pozycji rozgrywaj\u0105cej. Obecnie wyst\u0119puje w du\u0144skim Randers HK. Wraz z reprezentacj\u0105 Danii zdoby\u0142a dwukrotnie z\u0142oty medal olimpijski w : 2000 i 2004 roku. Katrine jest jedn\u0105 z najbardziej utytu\u0142owanych du\u0144skich szczypiornistek.\n\nSukcesy\n\nIgrzyska Olimpijskie \n  (2000, 2004)\n\nMistrzostwa \u015awiata \n  (1997)\n\nMistrzostwa Europy \n  (2002)\n  (1998)\n\nMistrzostwa Danii \n  (2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2012)\n  (2010, 2011)\n\nPuchar Danii \n  (2003)\n\nMistrzostwa Niemiec \n  (2006)\n\nPuchar Niemiec \n  (2006)\n\nPuchar EHF \n  (2004)\n\nPuchar Danii \n  (2001)\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n\nDu\u0144scy medali\u015bci olimpijscy\nDu\u0144skie pi\u0142karki r\u0119czne\nMedali\u015bci Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2000\nMedali\u015bci Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2004\nPi\u0142karki r\u0119czne Viborg HK\nPi\u0142karki r\u0119czne Randers HK\nUrodzeni w 1978\nLudzie urodzeni w Randers", "meta": {"title": "Katrine Fruelund", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katrine%20Fruelund", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Hoonah-Angoon Census Area ist eine Census Area im US-Bundesstaat Alaska im Nordwesten des Alaska Panhandle. Bei der Volksz\u00e4hlung im Jahr 2020 lebten hier 2365 Menschen. Hoonah-Angoon geh\u00f6rt zum Unorganized Borough und hat somit keinen Verwaltungssitz. Der Census Area hat eine Fl\u00e4che von 29.466\u00a0km\u00b2, wovon 20.452\u00a0km\u00b2 auf Land und 9.014\u00a0km\u00b2 auf Wasser entfallen. Die gr\u00f6\u00dfte Stadt der Region ist Hoonah, der zweite namensgebende Orte Angoon, 36 % der Bewohner geh\u00f6ren dem Volk der Tlingit an.\n\nGeographie \nDer Norden der Region geh\u00f6rt zum Glacier-Bay-Nationalpark, der Rest liegt bis auf die Siedlungen im Tongass National Forest, einem Nationalforst unter Verwaltung des United States Forest Service. Im Nationalforst ist das gro\u00dffl\u00e4chige Naturschutzgebiet Admiralty Island National Monument eingelagert.\n\nIm Osten grenzt die Census Area an die Stikine Region und den Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine in der kanadischen Provinz British Columbia.\n\nGeschichte \nBis zum 22. September 1992, als Yakutat ein selbst\u00e4ndiger Borough wurde, trug die Census Area den Namen Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon. Bis 2007 war Skagway Teil des Census Areas, dessen Name bis dahin Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon war. Bei einer Wahl am 5. Juni 2007 entschieden die B\u00fcrger Skagways, ihre Stadt ebenfalls zu einem selbst\u00e4ndigen Borough zu machen. Zwei Wochen sp\u00e4ter wurde dann die Census Area mit ihrem heutigen Namen gebildet.\n\n20 Bauwerke der Census Area sind im National Register of Historic Places (\u201eNationales Verzeichnis historischer Orte\u201c; NRHP) eingetragen (Stand  2. Februar 2022), darunter die Big Shaheen Cabin, die Point Retreat Light Station und die St. John the Baptist Church.\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n QuickFacts auf census.gov (englisch)\n  (englisch)\n  (englisch)\n\nCensus Area in Alaska", "meta": {"title": "Hoonah-Angoon Census Area", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoonah-Angoon%20Census%20Area", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0421\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e (1920\u20141988)\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b, \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430 (1944).\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0421\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f 12 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1920 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 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\u043e\u0442 2 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0421\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430\u00bb.\n\n\u041a 9 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043e\u0440 \u0420. \u0418. \u0421\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b 220 \u0431\u043e\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0451\u043b 33 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u044f, \u0441\u0431\u0438\u043b \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e 14 \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b 4 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0451\u0442\u043e\u0432.\n\n\u0412 1946 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0443\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435. \u0412 1954 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0422\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f 14 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435 (30 \u0443\u0447.).\n\n\u0411\u044b\u043b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043e\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b 1-\u0439 \u0438 2-\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044b,  \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0451\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433 (\u0421\u0428\u0410), \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n \n \u0410\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b\u00a0\u2014 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430. \u0410\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043d\u044c, 2000.\n \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b. 2-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434., \u0434\u043e\u043f. \u0412\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434, 1976.\n\n\u041b\u0451\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\n\u041f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%2C%20%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%20%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Varr\u00f3 Istv\u00e1n (1878\u20131963) szociol\u00f3gus, k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1ros, bibliogr\u00e1fus \n Varr\u00f3 Istv\u00e1n (1911\u20131983) vegy\u00e9szm\u00e9rn\u00f6k, hidrol\u00f3gus", "meta": {"title": "Varr\u00f3 Istv\u00e1n (egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171s\u00edt\u0151 lap)", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varr%C3%B3%20Istv%C3%A1n%20%28egy%C3%A9rtelm%C5%B1s%C3%ADt%C5%91%20lap%29", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nGeografia \n Maretto \u2013 comune italiano della provincia di Asti\n\nPersone \n Giuseppe Maretto  \u2013 scultore, pittore, smaltatore e medaglista italiano\n Roberto Maretto \u2013 aviatore italiano", "meta": {"title": "Maretto (disambigua)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maretto%20%28disambigua%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La concatenaci\u00f3n o  conduplicaci\u00f3n es, en general, el acto de unir o enlazar cosas, acosos, elogios, etc...\n\nEn ret\u00f3rica \nEn el contexto de las figuras  ret\u00f3ricas, la concatenaci\u00f3n es el uso continuado de la epanadiplosis en un enunciado o verso, es decir, consiste en la repetici\u00f3n de un palabra o sintagma al final de un verso y al principio del siguiente.\nN\u00f3tese el siguiente ejemplo:\n\nInform\u00e1tica \n\nEs la operaci\u00f3n por la cual dos caracteres se unen para formar una cadena de caracteres (o string). Tambi\u00e9n se pueden concatenar dos cadenas de caracteres o un car\u00e1cter con una cadena para formar una cadena de mayor tama\u00f1o. Algunos ejemplos:\n\n 'a' concatenado 'b' \u2192 \"ab\"\n \"ABCD\" concatenado 'b' \u2192 \"ABCDb\"\n 'a' concatenado \"XYZ\" \u2192 \"aXYZ\"\n \"ABCD\" concatenado \"XYZ\" \u2192 \"ABCDXYZ\"\n\nPHP y Perl \n\nEn PHP y perl se concatena con un punto (.)\n\nPor ejemplo, en PHP:\n\n $_H1 = \"Ignacio\";\n $_H2 = \"Alex\";\n \n echo $_H1. \" y \". $_H2. \" son hermanos.\";\n\nDar\u00e1 como resultado la cadena:\n\n Ignacio y Alex son hermanos.\n\nEn Delphi\nPara concatenar cadenas de caracteres (string) se usa el s\u00edmbolo de suma (+). Habiendo definido las variables como corresponde, el ejemplo de arriba ser\u00eda:\n\nS1:='Ignacio';\n\nS2:='Alex';\n\nResultado:=S1 + ' y ' + S2 + ' son hermanos.';\n\nEl resultado ser\u00e1 el mismo.\n\nEn Microsoft Excel\n\nExcel cuenta con la funci\u00f3n CONCATENAR que justamente permite unir bajo una sola cadena de texto informaci\u00f3n proveniente de otras cadenas de texto, n\u00fameros o referencias de celda. La funci\u00f3n CONCATENAR une hasta 255 cadenas de texto en una sola. Los elementos que se unir\u00e1n pueden ser texto, n\u00fameros, referencias de celda o una combinaci\u00f3n de estos elementos. \n\n =CONCATENAR(texto1; [texto2]; ...)\n\nLa sintaxis de la funci\u00f3n CONCATENAR tiene los siguientes argumento:\n\n Texto1: Obligatorio. El primer elemento de texto que se concatenar\u00e1.\n\n Texto2; ...   Opcional. Elementos de texto adicionales, hasta un m\u00e1ximo de 255 elementos. Deben estar separados con punto y coma.\n\nTambi\u00e9n se puede usar el operador de c\u00e1lculo s\u00edmbolo de \"y\" comercial (&) en lugar de la funci\u00f3n CONCATENAR para unir elementos de texto.\n\nOtros \n\nDependiendo del lenguaje se usa su concatenador tales como:\n\n & (ampersand)\n ^ (acento)\n \u00b7 (punto de producto)\n\nEn qu\u00edmica \n\nEs la propiedad de algunos \u00e1tomos, como el carbono por ejemplo, de unirse a otros \u00e1tomos iguales a \u00e9l y formar cadenas, ya sean lineales, ramificadas o c\u00edclicas.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n\n Uni\u00f3n\n Fusi\u00f3n\n Junci\u00f3n\n Uni\u00f3n, como colecci\u00f3n de cosas unidas.\n Yuxtaposici\u00f3n\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n M\u00e9todos pudiendo ser aplicables a la concatenaci\u00f3n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PHP\n Ayuda de Microsoft Office Excel\n Descripci\u00f3n Funci\u00f3n Excel CONCATENAR\n\nLenguajes formales\nEnlace qu\u00edmico\nFiguras ret\u00f3ricas\nOperadores (programaci\u00f3n)", "meta": {"title": "Concatenaci\u00f3n", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concatenaci%C3%B3n", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Angelstads kyrka \u00e4r en kyrkobyggnad i Angelstad i Ljungby kommun. Den \u00e4r f\u00f6rsamlingskyrka i Angelstads f\u00f6rsamling i V\u00e4xj\u00f6 stift.\n\nKyrkobyggnaden\n\nAngelstads kyrka \u00e4r en medeltidskyrka  uppf\u00f6rd i sten, putsad och vitkalkad d\u00e4r de \u00e4ldsta delarna \u00e4r fr\u00e5n slutet av 1100-talet och b\u00f6rjan av 1200-talet Under 1600-talet f\u00f6rl\u00e4ngdes l\u00e5nghuset \u00e5t v\u00e4ster samtidigt tillkom ett vapenhus.Det halvrunda koret i \u00f6ster tillbyggdes 1806 med en sakristia  p\u00e5 kyrkans norra sida.\n\nInteri\u00f6ren pr\u00e4glas av nyklassicism med ett innertak av tr\u00e4tunnvalv. Korets glasm\u00e5lning tillkom vid renoveringen 1927\u20131931 och \u00e4r utf\u00f6rd av Albert Eldh.\n\nKlockstapeln \u00e4r uppf\u00f6rd 1760 i tr\u00e4 och st\u00e5r norr om kyrkan. Den \u00e4r av \u00f6ppen klockbockstyp med klockhus som t\u00e4cks av en sv\u00e4ngd huv med spira.  I klockstapeln h\u00e4nger en stor klocka fr\u00e5n 1609 och en lillklocka fr\u00e5n 1861.\n\nKyrkog\u00e5rden\nP\u00e5 gamla kyrkog\u00e5rden i Angelstad vilar flera k\u00e4nda personer varav kan n\u00e4mnas f\u00f6rfattaren Karl Williams, konstn\u00e4ren Ragnar Person och s\u00e5ngaren Harry Brandelius.\n\nInventarier\n En dopfunt, 800 \u00e5r gammal prydd med fabeldjur. \nProcessionskrucifix  daterat till 1100-talet.\nPredikstol  i   ren\u00e4ssans med heliga gestalter i korgens speglar.\n Tavlan \"Den lidande Kristus\" \u00e4r en oljem\u00e5lning av Angelstadkonstn\u00e4ren Ragnar Person,\n Ljuskronor och lampetter \u00e4r tillverkade av konstsmidesm\u00e4stare \u00c5ke Wremp, Angelstad\nSluten b\u00e4nkinredning.\nOrgell\u00e4ktare med sv\u00e4ngda sidostycken och utsv\u00e4ngt mittstycke.\n\nOrgel\n1690 byggde Hans Henrich Cahman den f\u00f6rsta k\u00e4nda orgeln omfattande 6 st\u00e4mmor.\n1842 ersattes 1600-talsorgeln av en ny med 11 st\u00e4mmor av Johan Magnus Blomqvist.\n1914  byggde Emil Wirell, V\u00e4xj\u00f6 ett nytt verk med 11 st\u00e4mmor. \n1979 ersattes Wirells orgel av en ny, byggd av  V\u00e4stbo Orgelbyggeri, L\u00e5ngaryd. Orgeln \u00e4r mekanisk.\n\nSe \u00e4ven\n Angelstad\n Angelstads f\u00f6rsamling\n Angelstads socken\n Angelstads landskommun\n\nReferenser\n\nTryckta k\u00e4llor\n\nNoter\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar\n \n Ljungby kyrkliga samf\u00e4llighet \u2013 Angelstads kyrka\n\nKyrkobyggnader i V\u00e4xj\u00f6 stift\nKyrkobyggnader i Ljungby kommun", "meta": {"title": "Angelstads kyrka", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelstads%20kyrka", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\"Mr. Brightside\" \u00e4r en l\u00e5t av Las Vegas-baserade rockbandet The Killers. L\u00e5ten medverkar p\u00e5 gruppens debutalbum Hot Fuss och \u00e4r skriven av Brandon Flowers och Dave Keuning.\n\nDen uts\u00e5gs till \"\u00c5rtiondets b\u00e4sta l\u00e5t\" av de brittiska radiostationerna Absolute Radio och XFM, och i april 2010 avsl\u00f6jade Last.fm att det var den mest lyssnade l\u00e5ten sedan musiktj\u00e4nsten startade, med \u00f6ver 7,66 miljoner spelningar. I oktober 2010 r\u00f6stades l\u00e5ten fram som nummer 9 p\u00e5 Total Guitars lista \u00f6ver 2000-talets b\u00e4sta gitarriff.\n\nHistoria\n\"Mr. Brightside\" skildrar svartsjukan och paranoian hos en man som misst\u00e4nker att hans partner \u00e4r otrogen mot honom; l\u00e5ten \u00e4r inspirerad av en otrogen ex-flickv\u00e4n till frontmannen Brandon Flowers. Gitarristen Dave Keuning komponerade verserna till l\u00e5ten innan han hade tr\u00e4ffat Flowers. Efter att ha h\u00f6rt Daves id\u00e9, skrev han texten samt komponerade refr\u00e4ngen. I november 2001 spelade de in \"Mr. Brightside\" tillsammans med tre andra demos, inklusive \"Desperate\", \"Replaceable\" och \"Under the Gun\" p\u00e5 Mike Saks Kill the Messenger Studio i Henderson, Nevada. De delade ut denna demo gratis under deras spelningar \u00e5r 2002.\n\n\"Mr. Brightside\" blev snabbt mycket popul\u00e4r inom Las Vegas musikscen, d\u00e4r en recensent kallade l\u00e5ten f\u00f6r en \"feel-good anthem that ranks as one of the best local tracks in a long time.\" Efter att ha skrivit skivkontrakt med det brittiska oberoende skivbolaget Lizard King Records, skickades l\u00e5ten till radiostationer som en promosingel, och den spelades ofta av BBC Radio 1:s DJ:s Zane Lowe och Steve Lamacq, samt blev favoriserad av XFM. I en stor hyllningsartikel, sa NME att l\u00e5ten var fylld med \"ambitioner, sex och buller\".\n\nDen tidigaste versionen av l\u00e5ten kan hittas p\u00e5 YouTube. Mark Stoermer och Ronnie Vannucci var inte medlemmar i bandet n\u00e4r denna demo spelades in. Dave Keuning spelar bas p\u00e5 l\u00e5ten och Matt Norcross spelar trummor.\n\nEn remixversion av l\u00e5ten, gjord av Stuart Price medverkade p\u00e5 The Killers samlingsalbum Sawdust, inneh\u00e5llandes B-sidor samt rariteter. Under Brandon Flowers turn\u00e9 f\u00f6r sitt soloalbum, framf\u00f6rde han remixversionen tillsammans med Stuart Price under hans spelning p\u00e5 Brixton Academy, och har sedan dess framf\u00f6rt remixvarianten av l\u00e5ten p\u00e5 sin turn\u00e9er som avslutningsl\u00e5t.\n\nMusikvideo\nDet finns tv\u00e5 videor f\u00f6r den h\u00e4r l\u00e5ten: den f\u00f6rsta versionen, \u00e4ven k\u00e4nd som UK-versionen, filmades i april 2004 p\u00e5 Staten Island, New York. Denna variant regisserades av Brad Palmer och Brian Palmer. Senare under \u00e5ret best\u00e4mde sig skivbolaget f\u00f6r att skapa en mer mainstream musikvideo f\u00f6r den amerikanska marknaden. Den andra videon, \u00e4ven k\u00e4nd som US-versionen, spelades in i Los Angeles, Kalifornien under november 2005. Videon inneh\u00e5ller Flowers, Izabella Miko och Eric Roberts i en k\u00e4rlekstriangel, och utspelar sig inom en burlesk. Videon regisserades av Sophie Muller och b\u00e4r likheter med Moulin Rouge! fr\u00e5n 2001.\n\nDen amerikanska versionen vann en MTV Video Music Award 2005 i kategorin \"Best New Artist in a Video\". De bilder som finns med i albumet Hot Fuss albumbok togs under inspelningen av den brittiska versionen.\n\nI popul\u00e4rkultur\nI filmen The Holiday kan karakt\u00e4ren som spelas av Cameron Diaz ses sjunga \"Mr. Brightside\" medan hon dansar f\u00f6r sig sj\u00e4lv. En remix av sp\u00e5ret anv\u00e4ndes i den tyska filmen 'Keinohrhasen' (p\u00e5 engelska 'Rabbit Without Ears').\n\nThe Killers framf\u00f6rde \"Mr. Brightside\" live i TV-serien OC (s\u00e4song 2, avsnitt 4), som ursprungligen s\u00e4ndes torsdagen den 2 december p\u00e5 Fox.\n\nL\u00e5ten finns \u00e4ven med som spelbar l\u00e5t p\u00e5 Rock Band Unplugged och som DLC f\u00f6r Rock Band och Guitar Hero.\n\nL\u00e5tlista\n\nOriginal 2003 UK CD Release\n\"Mr. Brightside\"\n\"Smile Like You Mean It\"\n\"On Top\"\n\"Who Let You Go?\"\n\nRe-Release UK CD 1\n\"Mr. Brightside (radio edit)\"\n\"Change Your Mind\"\n\nRe-Release UK CD 2\n\"Mr. Brightside (Album Version)\"\n\"Somebody Told Me (Insider Remix)\"\n\"Midnight Show (SBN Live Session)\"\n\nRe-Release UK Red 7\"\n\"Mr. Brightside\"\n\"Who Let You Go?\"\n\nOriginal 2003 UK 7\" Single Release\n\"Mr. Brightside (A)\" - there is a sound effect of shuffling cards. \n\"Smile Like You Mean It (B)\"\n\nUS Promotional Release\n\"Mr. Brightside (single version)\"\n\nAustralian Limited Edition Tour Single\n\"Mr. Brightside\"\n\"Somebody Told Me (Josh Harris Remix)\"\n\"Who Let You Go?\"\n\"Mr. Brightside video\"\n\nEuropean 2005 Single\n\"Mr. Brightside\"\n\"Somebody Told Me (Insider Remix)\"\n\nEuropean 2005 Maxi single\n\"Mr. Brightside\" \n\"Somebody Told Me (Insider Remix)\"\n\"Mr. Brightside (Jacques Lu Cont's Thin White Duke Mix)\"\n\nUS 12\"\n\"Mr. Brightside (Jacques Lu Cont's Thin White Duke Remix)\"\n\"Mr. Brightside (The Lindbergh Palace club Remix)\"\n\"Mr. Brightside (Jacques Lu Cont's Thin White Duke Dub)\"\n\"Mr. Brightside (The Lindbergh Palace Radio Remix)\"\n\"Mr. Brightside (The Lindbergh Palace Dub)\"\n\"Mr. Brightside (Original Version Video)\"\n\nListplaceringar och certifieringar\n\"Mr. Brightside\" debuterade som nummer 40 p\u00e5 Billboard Hot 100 den 12 februari 2005 och n\u00e5dde som b\u00e4st plats 10, den 1 juni samma \u00e5r.\n\nCertifieringar\n\nUtm\u00e4rkelser\n\nReferenser\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar\nSe \"Mr. Brightside\" p\u00e5 YouTube\nSe \"Mr. Brightside\" (UK-versionen) p\u00e5 YouTube\n\nS\u00e5nger 2004\nMusiksinglar 2005\nL\u00e5tar av The Killers\nEngelskspr\u00e5kiga s\u00e5nger\nMusikvideor regisserade av Sophie Muller", "meta": {"title": "Mr. Brightside", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr.%20Brightside", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Eutorna \u00e9 um g\u00eanero de tra\u00e7a pertencente \u00e0 fam\u00edlia Agonoxenidae.\n\nRefer\u00eancias\n\nBibliografia \n Nielsen E.S., Edwards E.D. & Rangsi T.V. (eds.) (1996), Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia; Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Volume 4; CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 1996 \n Kristensen, N.P. (ed.), 1999. Handbook of Zoology: Bd. 4. Arthropoda: Insecta. Teilbd. 35, Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies. Vol. 1. Evolution, systematics, and biogeography. W.de Gruyter, Berlin.\n\nAgonoxenidae", "meta": {"title": "Eutorna", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutorna", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Johannes Adrianus Maria (Hans) Otjes (Amsterdam, 17 januari 1947) is een Nederlands voormalig acteur die na zijn acteercarri\u00e8re een praktijk startte als regressietherapeut en paragnost.\n\nVanaf 1967 speelde Otjes in toneelstukken, musicals, televisieseries en tekenfilms als stemacteur. In 1982 speelde hij de 'kapitein' van professor Archibald Chagrijn in het Bassie en Adriaan-avontuur 'De huilende professor'.\nTussen 1984 en 1989 trad hij op als tweede 'aangever', naast Frans van Dusschoten, in de revues van Andr\u00e9 van Duin.\n\nIn september 1990 stond Otjes voor het laatst op het toneel. Door een burn-out moest hij het acteervak opgeven. Pas in 2008 ging hij weer het toneel op in het stuk 'Hamlet n\u00f9'.\n\nDoor gezondheidsproblemen heeft hij zijn werk als regressietherapeut moeten staken. Op 1 januari 2011 heeft hij zijn praktijk gesloten en houdt zich nu bezig met het schrijven en illustreren van kinderboeken. Eveneens heeft hij zijn stemmenwerk weer hervat.\n\nIn 2016 werd bekend dat Bas en Aad van Toor al jarenlang een conflict hebben met meerdere acteurs uit hun series over de betalingen, onder anderen met Hans Otjes. Op 25 november 2020 werd een uitspraak gedaan in de rechtszaak die ten gunste was voor Otjes en de andere acteurs.\n\nTelevisie \n Kunt u mij de weg naar Hamelen vertellen, mijnheer? (1972) - Dwaallicht lampioen en Jut\n Orimoa (1972-1975)\n De Holle Bolle Boom (1975-1978)\n Q & Q (1974-1976) - Manus en Andr\u00e9 Pi\u00ebs\n H\u00e9, kijk mij nou (1979) - Agent van de Schoen\n Sinbad de zeeman (1979-1981) - De stem van Ali Baba en tovenaar Alba\n Laat de dokter maar schuiven (1980) - voice-over\n De Poppenkraam (1981) - vogelverschrikker\n Bassie & Adriaan: De Huilende Professor (1982) - De kapitein/Jeroen van der Steen\n De Ep Oorklep Show (1987) - Heer Lucassen / Trui / Simon Spekvet\n DuckTales (1987) - Bolle boef\n Alfred Jodocus Kwak (1989) - stem van de olifant en Rap de kiekendief\n\nExterne link \n hansotjes.nl\n\nNederlands acteur\nNederlands stemacteur\nAndr\u00e9 van Duin\nNederlands kinderboekenschrijver\nNederlands illustrator", "meta": {"title": "Hans Otjes", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Otjes", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nAnno \n 495 o 495 a.C.\n\nCodici \n 495 (astronomia) \u2013 Codice che designa l'Osservatorio astronomico di Altrincham, nella contea di Manchester, in Inghilterra\n\nMatematica \n 495 \u2013 numero", "meta": {"title": "495 (disambigua)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/495%20%28disambigua%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 1989 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1989 NCAA Division I-AA football season. The Vandals, led by first-year head coach John L. Smith, were members of the Big Sky Conference and played their home games at the Kibbie Dome, an indoor facility on campus in Moscow, Idaho.\n\nThe Vandals won their third consecutive conference title (fourth in five years), and made the I-AA playoffs for the fifth consecutive season, under a third head coach. Led by senior All-American quarterback John Friesz, Idaho finished the regular season at  and  in the Big Sky.\n\nHired in early January, Smith had been the defensive coordinator and assistant head coach at Idaho for four seasons (1982\u201385), all under Dennis Erickson, then went with him in the same capacity to Wyoming and Washington State.\n\nNotable games\nFollowing two non-conference road losses to open the season at Washington State and , the Vandals won nine straight, which included an undefeated conference record of  It was the only time in school history that the football team has posted an unblemished conference record.\n\nThe Vandals defeated Montana, their only conference loss the previous season, on a Thursday night in the Kibbie Dome in late September, televised by ESPN. Idaho beat Nevada for the third straight year, only the fourth time in the twelve meetings since the Wolf Pack joined the Big Sky in 1979. The Vandals defeated rival Boise State for the eighth consecutive year, the eighth of twelve straight over the Broncos before a record crowd of 17,600 in the Kibbie Dome.\n\nDivision I-AA playoffs\nFor the fifth consecutive season, Idaho returned to the 16-team I-AA  playoffs. The Vandals, on a nine-game winning streak, hosted Eastern Illinois at home but lost   The game was played before a sparse crowd at the Kibbie Dome two days after Thanksgiving and ended the Vandals' season at\n\nNotable players\nThe 1989 team included John Friesz, a future collegiate hall of fame quarterback as a three-year starter  Friesz was the winner of the Walter Payton Award in 1989, and was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the 1990 NFL Draft.  He was in the NFL for the next decade with four teams.\n\nSchedule\n\nRoster\n\nAll-conference\nQuarterback John Friesz was named to the all-conference team for a third consecutive year.  He was joined by center Steve Unger, guard Troy Wright, wide receiver Lee Allen, defensive end Mike Zeller, linebacker Roger Cecil, and cornerback Charlie Oliver. Second team selections included wide receiver Kasey Dunn, tackles Todd Neu and Chuck Yarbro, linebacker John Rust, and safety Brian Smith.\n\nFriesz was the Big Sky's outstanding offensive player for a third straight year, repeated as a first-team Kodak All-American in Division  and won the Walter Payton Award.\n\nNFL Draft\nOne Vandal senior was selected in the 1990 NFL Draft, which lasted twelve rounds (332 selections).\n\nList of Idaho Vandals in the NFL Draft\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nGem of the Mountains: 1990 University of Idaho yearbook \u2013 1989 football season\nIdaho Argonaut \u2013 student newspaper \u2013 1989 editions\n\nIdaho\nIdaho Vandals football seasons\nBig Sky Conference football champion seasons\nIdaho Vandals football", "meta": {"title": "1989 Idaho Vandals football team", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989%20Idaho%20Vandals%20football%20team", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Erpetogomphus sabaleticus \u2013 gatunek wa\u017cki z rodziny gadziog\u0142\u00f3wkowatych (Gomphidae). Wyst\u0119puje na terenie Ameryki Po\u0142udniowej.\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia\n \n\nErpetogomphus\nGatunki i podgatunki zwierz\u0105t nazwane w 1918 roku", "meta": {"title": "Erpetogomphus sabaleticus", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erpetogomphus%20sabaleticus", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tom Molter is een Amerikaans componist, muziekpedagoog, dirigent, arrangeur en trombonist.\n\nLevensloop \nMolter studeerde muziektheorie, compositie, orkestdirectie en trombone aan de University of Idaho en behaalde zijn Bachelor of Music. Vervolgens studeerde hij aan de Whitworth University en behaalde zijn diploma voor muziekopleiding. Als muziekleraar was hij werkzaam aan middelbare scholen. Tegenwoordig is hij dirigent van de harmonieorkesten aan de \"Evergreen Middle School\" in Spokane Valley in Washington. Sinds mei 2009 is hij dirigent van het \"Spokane Jazz Orchestra\".\n\nVerder werkt hij als docent voor jazzarrangement aan de Eastern Washington University in Cheney. \n\nAls trombonist werkte hij in het jazz-sextet \"Kind of Blue\", de \"Tom Molter Big Band\" en het \"Spokane Jazz orchestra\". Hij was verder als trombonist actief in orkesten die voor Carnival en Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines op schepen speelden. \n\nAls componist schrijft hij werken voor harmonieorkest en jazzensembles.\n\nComposities\n\nWerken voor harmonieorkest \n 1997 Mount Vernon\n 1997 Rain Dance\n 1997 Rattle Snakes!\n 1997 Rock-A-Saurus Rex!\n 1997 Sunset on the Sahara\n 1998 Mount Ranier\n 1998 Wagon Train\n 1999 Blue Suede Sneakers\n 2000 Arabian Dream\n 2000 Monster Rock\n 2000 Tribute and Triumph\n 2002 Dance of the Jester\n 2002 Dreamscape\n 2002 Milky Way March\n 2004 Mariachi Madness\n\nWerken voor jazz-ensemble \n 2002 Are You Ready?\n 2003 Blues for Buster\n 2004 Minor Details\n 2004 One, Two, Ready, Swing!\n Artificial Bebop\n MacKensies Dream\n Moment of sorrow\n Old No. 7\n Potato Face\n Rollin' On Down The Road\n Thinking of you\n\nExterne link \n  Biografie (gearchiveerd)\n\nAmerikaans componist\nAmerikaans jazzcomponist\nAmerikaans dirigent\nAmerikaans muziekpedagoog\nAmerikaans trombonist\nAmerikaans arrangeur\n20e-eeuws componist\n21e-eeuws componist", "meta": {"title": "Tom Molter", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Molter", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La  du Tour d'Italie 2022 se d\u00e9roule le samedi  de Belluno (V\u00e9n\u00e9tie) au col de Marmolada dans les Dolomites, en Italie, sur une distance de .\n\nParcours \nConsid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme l'\u00e9tape reine de la 105e \u00e9dition du Tour d'Italie, la 20e \u00e9tape relie Belluno au Passo Fedaia - Marmolada sur 168 kilom\u00e8tres. A travers les Dolomites, l'avant-derni\u00e8re \u00e9tape est la derni\u00e8re de haute montagne et \u00e0 se terminer au sommet. Depuis Belluno, l'itin\u00e9raire longe la Piave, jusqu'\u00e0 Cencenighe Agordino, o\u00f9 se situe le premier sprint interm\u00e9diaire (km 63,5). La ville se situe au pied de la premi\u00e8re ascension de la journ\u00e9e : le Passo San Pellegrino (18,5 km \u00e0 6,2 %, 1C). Le parcours encha\u00eene avec le versant ouest du Passo Pordoi (11,8 km \u00e0 6,8 %, Cima Coppi), puis rejoint le sprint interm\u00e9diaire de Malga Ciapela (km 162,5), au pied de la mont\u00e9e finale vers le Passo Fedaia (14 km \u00e0 7,6 %, 1C), dont les cinq derniers kilom\u00e8tres sont \u00e0 plus de 11 % de moyenne (pente maximale \u00e0 18 %).\n\nLa victoire d'\u00e9tape est propice \u00e0 un pur grimpeur.\n\nD\u00e9roulement de la course \nNombreux sont les coureurs int\u00e9ress\u00e9s \u00e0 la formation de l'\u00e9chapp\u00e9e. Finalement, apr\u00e8s une vingtaine de kilom\u00e8tres, ce sont quinze coureurs qui se retrouvent \u00e0 l'avant, avec : les deux Belges Sylvain Moniquet (Lotto-Soudal) et Mauri Vansevenant (Quick-Step Alpha Vinyl), l'Espagnol Antonio Pedrero (Movistar), les six Italiens Davide Ballerini (Quick-Step Alpha Vinyl), Giulio Ciccone (Trek-Segafredo), les deux co\u00e9quipiers Alessandro Covi et Davide Formolo (UAE Emirates), Andrea Vendrame (AG2R Citro\u00ebn) et Edoardo Zardini (Drone Hopper-Androni Giocattoli), l'Allemand Lennard K\u00e4mna (Bora-Hansgrohe), les quatre N\u00e9erlandais Thymen Arensman (DSM), les deux co\u00e9quipiers Gijs Leemreize et Sam Oomen (Jumbo-Visma) et Mathieu van der Poel (Alpecin-Fenix) et le Slov\u00e8ne Domen Novak (Bahrain Victorious).\n\nAu sprint interm\u00e9diaire de Cencenighe Agordino, Ballerini devance Ciccone, avec six minutes d'avance sur le peloton. Au sommet du Passo San Pellegrino (18,5 km \u00e0 6,2 %, 1C), Formolo passe en t\u00eate devant Ciccone ; le peloton compte un d\u00e9bours de six minutes. Au sommet du mythique Passo Pordoi (11,8 km \u00e0 6,8 %, Cima Coppi), Alessandro Covi passe en t\u00eate, avec un avantage d'une minute et vingt secondes sur le groupe de chasse, compos\u00e9 de Arensman, Ciccone, Formolo, K\u00e4mna, Leemreize, Novak, Oomen et Pedrero, et de cinq minutes et quarante-cinq secondes sur le groupe maillot rose.\n\nAlessandro Covi entame, seul en t\u00eate de course, le Passo Fedaia, avec une minute et trente secondes d'avance sur le groupe de chasse, dans lequel Domen Novak ne tarde pas \u00e0 attaquer, et cinq minutes et trente secondes sur le groupe maillot rose.\n\nProfitant du retour de son leader, l'Australien Jai Hindley (Bora-Hansgrohe), Lennard K\u00e4mna l'emm\u00e8ne dans son sillage, jusqu'\u00e0 faire craquer le champion olympique \u00e9quatorien et maillot rose Richard Carapaz (INEOS Grenadiers), qui \u00e9tait jusque l\u00e0 encore le seul capable de suivre le coureur australien. Le leader de la Bora-Hansgrohe s'en va conqu\u00e9rir le Tour d'Italie 2022.\n\nDevant, Alessandro Covi s'impose en solitaire au Passo Fedaia - Marmolada, avec trente-deux secondes d'avance sur Novak et trente-sept sur Ciccone. Jai Hindley arrive sixi\u00e8me, \u00e0 deux minutes et trente secondes de retard sur le vainqueur du jour, mais quarante secondes d'avance sur l'Espagnol Mikel Landa (Bahrain Victorious) et une minute et trente seconde sur Richard Carapaz.\n\nAu niveau des diff\u00e9rents classements : Jai Hindley h\u00e9rite du maillot rose, basculant la situation, en parvenant \u00e0 distancer le coureur \u00e9quatorien ; d\u00e9sormais, avec une minute et vingt-cinq secondes de marge en vue du contre-la-montre du lendemain. Le N\u00e9erlandais Koen Bouwman (Jumbo-Visma) conserve son maillot bleu, l'Espagnol Juan Pedro L\u00f3pez (Trek-Segafredo) et le Fran\u00e7ais Arnaud D\u00e9mare (Groupama-FDJ) le maillot violet.\n\nR\u00e9sultats\n\nClassement de l'\u00e9tape\n\nPoints attribu\u00e9s pour le classement par points\n\nPoints attribu\u00e9s pour le classement du meilleur grimpeur\n\nClassements aux points interm\u00e9diaires\n\nBonifications\n\nClassements \u00e0 l'issue de l'\u00e9tape\n\nClassement g\u00e9n\u00e9ral\n\nClassement par points\n\nClassement de la montagne\n\nClassement du meilleur jeune\n\nClassement par \u00e9quipes\n\nAbandons \n  David de la Cruz (Astana Qazaqstan) : abandon\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n\n    Site officiel\n Parcours\n \n\n 20", "meta": {"title": "20e \u00e9tape du Tour d'Italie 2022", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/20e%20%C3%A9tape%20du%20Tour%20d%27Italie%202022", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die r\u00f6misch-katholische Kirche St. Marien in der oberfr\u00e4nkischen Gemeinde Sonnefeld im Landkreis Coburg wurde 1957 geweiht und 2018 unter Denkmalschutz gestellt. Es ist eine Filialkirche der Pfarrei Ebersdorf.\n\nGeschichte \nIm Jahr 1933 lebten zwei katholische Familien in Sonnefeld. Am 22. April 1933 fand im Haus der Familie Huber mit neun Teilnehmern die erste Heilige Messe seit der Einf\u00fchrung der Reformation statt. Als Folge von Schikanen durch die Polizei wurden die Gottesdienste 1939 eingestellt. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg feierten am 1. September 1946 rund 200 Personen im Refektorium des ehemaligen Klosters wieder eine Heilige Messe. Mit den Fl\u00fcchtlingen und Heimatvertriebenen, die nach Sonnefeld kamen, war die Anzahl der Katholiken auf etwa 600 Menschen gestiegen, was damals etwa einem Viertel der Einwohner entsprach. Dadurch wuchs der Wunsch nach einer eigenen Kirche und ein Kirchenbauverein wurde gegr\u00fcndet. Der Ebersdorfer Pfarrer Stelzer konnte den Kauf eines Bauplatzes am s\u00fcdlichen Sonnefelder Ortsrand in Richtung Weidhausen in die Wege leiten. Dies erm\u00f6glichte auch die Katholiken aus dem benachbarten Weidhausen mit einzubinden. Den Entwurf erstellte der Coburger Architekt Josef Rauschen. Die Grundsteinlegung f\u00fcr das Gotteshaus war am 1. Juli 1956 durch den Bamberger Pr\u00e4lat Heinrich Rauh. Am 6. Oktober 1957 konsekrierte Erzbischof Josef Schneider die Kirche zu Ehren Mariens und der Heiligen Hedwig. In den Jahren 1993 bis 1995 wurde das Gotteshaus grundsaniert. Unter anderem wegen der Buntglasfenster im Chorraum und wegen des einfachen Baumaterials der Nachkriegszeit wurde das Kirchengeb\u00e4ude 2018 unter Denkmalschutz gestellt.\n\nBeschreibung \nDie Kirche ist ein genordeter einschiffiger Satteldachbau. An der Westseite angeordnet steht der satteldachgedeckte Kirchturm in dem vier Bronzeglocken h\u00e4ngen. Der Kircheneingang hat ein auskragendes Vordach, als halber Kegel gestaltet. Dar\u00fcber ist ein buntes Dreiecksfenster im Firstgiebel angeordnet und dahinter die Orgelempore. In der Vorhalle befindet sich ein holzgeschnitztes Bild des Heiligen Antonius von Padua aus den Kunstwerkst\u00e4tten Zwick in Oberammergau.\n\nDie n\u00f6rdliche Giebelwand hinter dem Altar zeigt Motive aus dem Rosenkranz auf f\u00fcnf in Glas aufgeteilten Fl\u00e4chen. Die Glasfenster entstanden nach einem Entwurf von Adelbert Bringmann bei der Coburger Kunstglaserei Bringmann und Schmidt. Die Madonna des Marienaltars im Seitenschiff schnitzte der Sonnefelder K\u00fcnstler Norbert K\u00f6hn. In den 1990er Jahren entstanden neue Fenster im Kirchenschiff, Werke der Bamberger K\u00fcnstlerin Angelika Turban. Die 1973 aufgestellte und 2008 sanierte Orgel hat 14 Register und 1016 Pfeifen.\n\nWeblinks \n\n https://www.pfarrei-ebersdorf.de/kirchen/sonnefeld.html\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nKirchengeb\u00e4ude im Landkreis Coburg\nBaudenkmal in Sonnefeld\nErbaut in den 1950er Jahren\nMarienkirche\nFilialkirche des Erzbistums Bamberg\nKirchengeb\u00e4ude in Europa\nKirchengeb\u00e4ude der Moderne\nBauwerk der Moderne in Bayern\nReligion (Sonnefeld)\nBauwerk in Sonnefeld", "meta": {"title": "St. Marien (Sonnefeld)", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Marien%20%28Sonnefeld%29", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0445\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u043c\u044b.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u0421\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0445\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432 1949 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0443. \u0412 1992 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430. \u0412 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1970-90\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433. \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433 \u041a\u0430\u043c\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u041d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0434\u043e 68 \u043c \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430.\n\n\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0445\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u0411\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438\n\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 1992 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\n\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u0432\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0445\u0430", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ill Manors (stylised as ill Manors) is a 2012 British crime drama film written, co-scored and directed by Ben Drew AKA musician Plan B. The film revolves around the lives of eight main characters, played by Riz Ahmed, Ed Skrein, Keef Coggins, Lee Allen, Nick Sagar, Ryan De La Cruz, Anouska Mond and Natalie Press, and features six original songs by Plan B, which act as a narration for the film. Ill Manors is a multi-character story, set over the course of seven days, a scenario where everyone is fighting for respect. The film focuses on the violence that surrounds the main characters as they struggle to survive on the streets. Each story is also represented by a different rap song performed by Plan B.\n\nCast\n\nProduction\nPrior to writing the script for Ill Manors, when Plan B was 21 years old, he had originally tried to begin production on another script he had written called Trigger, which was based on an incident where his home was raided by armed police. However, he was refused funding as he was an inexperienced director. To gain the necessary experience, Plan B wrote and directed his own short film Michelle in 2008 which was financed by himself with \u00a34000 from the remaining recording advance from his record label and an inheritance from his grandfather.\n\nThe short film, which starred Anouska Mond, Ed Skrein and Adam Deacon, was released online and acted as a pilot for the feature film Ill Manors, which Plan B had completed the script for within four months of making Michelle. He also directed the music video for \"Pieces\", his collaboration with Chase & Status, and also had roles in Adulthood (2008) and Harry Brown (2009). The script for Ill Manors was partly based on actual events and stories Plan B had heard when he was young, such as a woman prostituting herself in order to repay a drug dealer. The film had been in development for three years prior to filming; however, Drew struggled to secure finance for his film. Ill Manors was greenlit for production in 2009 as part of the Film London Microwave scheme.\n\nFor the film, Plan B hired a mixture of experienced and inexperienced actors, while several cast members already knew the director personally before they were cast in their roles. Riz Ahmed, who had previously recorded \"Shifty\" with Plan B, asked to play the lead role of Aaron after reading the script. Ed Skrein was a childhood friend of Plan B who had appeared in Michelle and had previously collaborated with him on numerous recordings.\n\nKeef Coggins is Plan B's godfather and Anouska Mond, who had also previously appeared in Plan B's short film was invited to audition for her previous role as Michelle. The main casting process for the film took place during August 2010 with several cast members being young unknown actors from the East End of London, such as Ryan De La Cruz who was discovered when the crew visited Rokeby School in Canning Town, London.\n\nPrincipal photography began on 1 September 2010 at 3 Mills Studios, London and filming lasted for four weeks on location in London, England. Plan B has named the 1996 film Pusher directed by Nicolas Winding Refn as a major influence on Ill Manors, as well as directors Shane Meadows and Quentin Tarantino. During production of the film, it was reported that the cast and crew ran into trouble with youths in Forest Gate, London and production was interrupted while a laptop containing the film's dailies had to be recovered after being stolen by a drug addict. Drew claimed that he faced prejudice from some crew members while on set; however, he also noted that \"there was some people that really believed in my vision and gave me all the support I needed.\"\n\nEditing of the film began in December 2010, but post-production of the film was delayed due to Plan B performing on The Defamation of Strickland Banks Tour during 2010 and 2011. To raise funds for the completion of the film's post-production, the distribution rights to Ill Manors were sold to Revolver Entertainment in April 2011 and Plan B delayed the release date of his planned third studio album The Ballad of Belmarsh until after Ill Manors was released.\n\nRelease\nThe trailer for Ill Manors was first aired on The Guardian's website on 3 May 2012, while the first film poster was first unveiled by Empire magazine's website on 8 May 2012. Digital Spy also unveiled two further promotional posters on 18 May and 7 June 2012. The premiere took place on 30 May 2012 at the Empire cinema in Leicester Square, London. This screening was also attended by several British recording artists such as Alesha Dixon, Alexandra Burke, Professor Green, Tinie Tempah, Wretch 32, Example and Ed Sheeran.\n\nThe film was given a wide release to 191 cinemas in both Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom by Revolver Entertainment on 6 June 2012. Ill Manors was released in the Netherlands on 30 August 2012 by Benelux Film Distributors and was also screened at the Toronto International Film Festival and the Festival do Rio in September 2012. Ill Manors was released on DVD on 8 October 2012, and contains footage that was not broadcast at cinemas.\n\nReception\nOn its opening weekend, the film placed at number nine at the UK Box Office, with a gross figure of \u00a3256,288. Domestically, the film has earned a total gross of \u00a3453,570, after eight weeks at the box office. Ill Manors has received largely positive reviews from critics and fans alike, with a current 80% \"fresh\" rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on thirty different reviews.\n\nSoundtrack\n\nSee also \n List of hood films\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n  \n Film London Microwave site \n \n \n \n \n\n2012 films\n2012 crime drama films\n2010s gang films\nBBC Film films\nBritish crime drama films\nBritish gangster films\nFilms about drugs\nFilms about murderers\nFilms about prostitution in the United Kingdom\nBlack British mass media\nBlack British cinema\nBlack British films\nFilms directed by Plan B (musician)\nFilms set in London\nFilms shot in London\nForest Gate\nHood films\n2012 directorial debut films\n2010s English-language films\n2010s American films\n2010s British films", "meta": {"title": "Ill Manors", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ill%20Manors", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043e\u0434 3 \u041cW \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u045b\u0435 \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u043e\u0434 1 kV. \n\n\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 35 kV \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b\u0438 \u045b\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c (110 kV \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0438, \u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 35 kV). \u041e\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 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\u0458\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043e 6,5 \u043a\u043c, \u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0458\u0435\u045b\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u0434\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 \u043e\u043a\u043e 4,6 \u043a\u043c. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0435/\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438 \u0448\u0459\u0443\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043e/\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443.\n\n\u0418\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n\u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0435\n\u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458\n\u0425\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0412\u0458\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0425\u0440\u0433\u0443\u0434", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B4", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u0435\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0441 II ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u0456\u0444\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457, \u0446\u0430\u0440 \u0410\u0444\u0456\u043d. \u0421\u0438\u043d \u0415\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0442\u0435\u044f \u0456 \u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0456\u0444\u0435\u0457.\n\n\u041a\u0441\u0443\u0444 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0415\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0442\u0435\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0410\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043c \u041a\u0435\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0430 . \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u041a\u0435\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u0442\u0456\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0430, \u0434\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430 II .\n\n\u0417\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u041a\u0435\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0441 II \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0437 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0410\u0444\u0456\u043d\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0430\u0434\u0438 . \u041f\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0415\u0432\u0431\u0435\u044e . \u0419\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0456\u043e\u043d II.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0456\u0444\u0456\u0432", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0435\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0441 (\u0441\u0438\u043d \u0415\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0442\u0435\u044f)", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%20%28%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%20%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%8F%29", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Galileo Giovolley \u00e8 una societ\u00e0 polisportiva di Reggio nell'Emilia.\n\nStoria della societ\u00e0\nLa polisportiva Galileo, sorta nel 1964, pratica oggi calcio maschile e femminile (quest'ultima ha militato in Serie B nel campionati 2006-2007 e 2007-2008), pallavolo femminile e triathlon. Ha praticato il volley maschile ad alti livelli negli anni ottanta e novanta, dopo aver inglobato il Volley Ball Club Reggiano.\n\nPallavolo\n\nSezione maschile\n\nIl Volley Ball Club Reggiano fu fondato nell'estate del 1981, quando la sezione di pallavolo della Polisportiva Gramsci (sorta nel 1947), che gi\u00e0 da una stagione militava in Serie A2, perse la sponsorizzazione della Transcoop. In crisi economica, la Gramsci si un\u00ec ad altre societ\u00e0 di Reggio e provincia; al termine del campionato 1981-82, nel quale disput\u00f2 le sue gare interne a Bagnolo in Piano, la neonata compagine retrocesse in Serie B.\n\nNel 1985 il VBCR, ancora in B, fu inglobato dalla \"Galileo\"; due anni dopo ottenne la promozione in A2 e, all'inizio del campionato 1987-88, la Transcoop ritorn\u00f2 sponsor della formazione. Al termine della stagione 1989-90 fu promossa in A1, riportando cos\u00ec la citt\u00e0 di Reggio in massima serie maschile a venti anni dalla retrocessione di un'altra polisportiva, La Torre.\n\nIl primo campionato di A1 della Galileo termin\u00f2 con un'immediata retrocessione; una nuova promozione fu ottenuta nel 1992-93, con sponsor Latte Giglio (e divisa bianco e verde), ed ancora una volta l'esperienza in A1 dur\u00f2 per una sola annata (1993-94; al pronto ritorno in A2 seguirono una crisi economica e la rinuncia a prendere parte al campionato.\n\nCalcio\n\nSezione femminile\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n \n\nGalileo Giovolley", "meta": {"title": "Galileo Giovolley", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo%20Giovolley", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Graf\u00e9m je najmanj\u0161a teoreti\u010dna enota pisave, ki odgovarja najmanj\u0161i glasovni enoti: je torej fonem pri abecednih pisavah, zlog pri zlogovnih pisavah, morfem pri logografskih pisavah. Konkretno se grafem izrazi (= napi\u0161e) z grafom, na primer v sloven\u0161\u010dini se grafem za glas \"b\" lahko predstavi z razli\u010dnimi grafi, ki odgovarjajo razli\u010dnim zapisom (tipografijam ali fontom) ali oblikam ro\u010dne pisave. Grafeme pi\u0161emo med  lomljenima oklepajema, na primer grafem za fonem /f/ (in hkrati tudi za glas/alofon [f]) v angle\u0161\u010dini je <ph>.\n \nIsti grafem je lahko predstavljen z razli\u010dnimi pisnimi znamenji, na primer z dodatkom lo\u010devalnih in naglasnih znamenj, pa tudi z razlikovanjem med velikimi in malimi \u010drkami. V teh slu\u010dajih gre za alografe.\n\nPoleg \u010drk so grafemi tudi arabske \u0161tevilke, ligature in lo\u010dila.\n\nZunanje povezave \n\nJezikoslovje", "meta": {"title": "Grafem", "url": "https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafem", "language": "sl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "George Waddel Snedecor (October 20, 1881 \u2013 February 15, 1974) was an American mathematician and statistician. He contributed to the foundations of analysis of variance, data analysis, experimental design, and statistical methodology. Snedecor's F-distribution and the George W. Snedecor Award of the American Statistical Association are named after him.\n\nEarly life\nBorn in Memphis, Tennessee, into a socially prominent and politically powerful, southern Democratic, Presbyterian family line, Snedecor grew up in Florida and Alabama where his lawyer father moved wife and children in order to fulfill a personal and radical religious calling to minister to, evangelize and educate the poor.  George was the grandson of Memphis lawyer Bedford Mitchell Estes, he was the son of Emily Alston Estes and James G. Snedecor, and nephew of Ione Estes Dodd and William J. Dodd, the midwest architect.\n\nEducation and career\nSnedecor studied mathematics and physics at Auburn University and University of Alabama, where he graduated with a BS in 1905. After taking up teaching jobs at Selma Military Academy and Austin College in Sherman, Texas, he continued his study in physics at the University of Michigan, where he received an MSc in 1913.\n\nSnedecor moved to the Iowa State University in 1913, where he became a professor in mathematics. He founded the first academic department of statistics in the United States, at Iowa State University in 1947. He also created the first statistics laboratory in the U.S. at Iowa State, and was a pioneer of modern applied statistics in the US. His 1938 textbook Statistical Methods became an essential resource: \"In the 1970s, a review of citations in published scientific articles from all areas of science showed that Snedecor's Statistical Methods was the most frequently cited book.\"\n\nSnedecor worked for the statistics department of Foster's Group from 1957 to 1963. He was involved in the elaboration of all production data.\n\nThe \"F\" of Snedecor's F distribution is named in honor of Sir Ronald Fisher.\n\nSnedecor was awarded honorary doctorates in science by North Carolina State University in 1956 and by Iowa State University in 1958.\n\nSnedecor Hall, at Iowa State University, is the home of the Statistics Department. It was constructed in 1939. At Iowa State, he was an early user of John Vincent Atanasoff's Atanasoff\u2013Berry computer (maybe the first user of an electronic digital computer for real world production mathematics problem solutions).\n\nSelected publications\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links\nGeorge W. Snedecor biography\n\nAmerican statisticians\n20th-century American mathematicians\n1881 births\n1974 deaths\nIowa State University faculty\nIowa State University alumni\nUniversity of Michigan alumni\nPeople from Memphis, Tennessee\nPresidents of the American Statistical Association\nFellows of the American Statistical Association\nUniversity of Alabama alumni\nMathematical statisticians", "meta": {"title": "George W. Snedecor", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20W.%20Snedecor", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Man\u00e9ah \u2013 miasto w zachodniej Gwinei, w Regionie Kindia. Wed\u0142ug danych na rok 2012 liczy\u0142o 167 354 mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w.\n\nMiasta w Gwinei", "meta": {"title": "Man\u00e9ah", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%C3%A9ah", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "FC Zwolle in het seizoen 2010/11 (mannen)\n FC Zwolle in het seizoen 2010/11 (vrouwen)", "meta": {"title": "FC Zwolle in het seizoen 2010/11", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC%20Zwolle%20in%20het%20seizoen%202010/11", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Richard Parker ist der Name folgender Personen:\n\n Richard Parker (Jurist) (1729\u20131813), US-amerikanischer Jurist\n Richard Parker (Politiker) (1810\u20131893), US-amerikanischer Politiker\n Richard Parker (1867\u20131884), Schiffsjunge der nach einem Schiffbruch get\u00f6tet und verspeist wurde, siehe R v Dudley and Stephens\n Richard Parker, 9. Earl of Macclesfield (* 1943), britischer Peer und Politiker\n Richard A. Parker (* 1953), britischer Mathematiker und Informatiker\n Richard Anthony Parker (1905\u20131993), US-amerikanischer \u00c4gyptologe\n Richard Barry Parker (1867\u20131947), britischer Architekt\n Richard Blake Parker (* 1985), US-amerikanischer Baseballspieler, siehe Blake Parker (Baseballspieler)\n Richard Bordeaux Parker (* 1923), US-amerikanischer Diplomat\n Richard E. Parker (1783\u20131840), US-amerikanischer Politiker\n Richard W. Parker (1848\u20131923), US-amerikanischer Politiker", "meta": {"title": "Richard Parker", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Parker", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00e8 uno stile di karate che affonda le proprie radici nello Shuri-te, uno dei tre stili originali del karate di Okinawa in Giappone. Fu sviluppato da Seiken Shukumine (1925\u20132001) che combin\u00f2 tecniche classiche con le proprie innovazioni, sviluppando in tal modo le particolari caratteristiche del Genseiry\u016b. Shukumine ebbe due insegnanti famosi: Sadoyama e Kishimoto. Il nome Genseiry\u016b fu usato per la prima volta nel 1953. In giapponese il nome si compone di tre differenti caratteristiche (kanji):.\n\nDissoluzione nel 1962\nNel corso degli anni, alcuni allievi di Seiken Shukumine respinser\u00f2 Taido e quindi continuarono il Genseiry\u016b anche se Shukumine smise di insegnare il Genseiry\u016b nei 1962. Poich\u00e9 l'organizzazione ufficiale di Seiken Shukumine fu sciolta nel 1962, alcuni studenti decisero di provare Taido, ma successivamente lo abbandonarono costituendo dello lori organizzazioni, facendo un balzo \"indietro\" al Genseiry\u016b e seguendo la loro strada. Questi sono gli altri: Nippon Karate-d\u014d Bud\u014d Kyokai, Genwakai, Ryounkai, Keneikai e Seidokai. Butokukai, che furono costituiti tre anni prima del uscita dal mondo del karate da parte di Seiken Shukumine, fu continuata da Kunihiko Tosa, accettando la responsabilit\u00e0 di diventare il successore ufficiale. La pi\u00f9 vecchia organizzazione di Genseiry\u016b still esistente tutt'oggi \u00e8 la Genseiry\u016b Karate-do International Federation (1959).\n\nArti marziali giapponesi \nStili di karate", "meta": {"title": "Genseiry\u016b", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genseiry%C5%AB", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vu d'ici est le premier album de Madame Monsieur, sorti le . Il est compos\u00e9 de quatorze titres et comprend celui avec lequel le duo a concouru \u00e0 l'Eurovision 2018, Mercy.\n\nHistorique \nEn janvier 2018, le duo participe \u00e0 Destination Eurovision, une \u00e9mission qui d\u00e9termine le repr\u00e9sentant et la chanson de la France au concours Eurovision de la chanson 2018. Madame Monsieur remportent la seconde demi finale en se hissant \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re place avec cinquante-six points avec la chanson Mercy. Durant la course \u00e0 l'Eurovision, le duo d\u00e9cide de pr\u00e9senter au grand public son premier album solo apr\u00e8s avoir pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 en 2016 un premier EP du nom de Tandem. Ce nom Tandem est d'ailleurs repris en  comme nom de leur second album. \n\n\u00c0 sa sortie, l'album se glisse \u00e0 la treizi\u00e8me place du Top Albums France pendant une semaine et reste au total treize semaines dans le top.\n\nListe des titres\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nPremier album musical sorti en 2018", "meta": {"title": "Vu d'ici", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vu%20d%27ici", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marienplatz \u00e8 la pi\u00f9 frequentata stazione della Metropolitana di Monaco di Baviera. Si trova sotto la piazza principale di cui prende il nome ed \u00e8 servita dalla linea 3 e dalla 6.\n\nSi tratta di una delle prime stazioni di metropolitana di Monaco, disegnata da Alexander von Branca e inaugurata nel 1971. Nel 2006 fu notevolmente ingrandita, conservando il design degli anni '70. Le pareti sono tenute in colore arancione forte, colore molto di moda negli anni in cui avvenne la costruzione.\nViene utilizzata come setting per il video musicale di \"Four out of five\", brano del gruppo musicale inglese Arctic Monkeys.\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nStazioni della metropolitana di Monaco di Baviera", "meta": {"title": "Marienplatz (metropolitana di Monaco di Baviera)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marienplatz%20%28metropolitana%20di%20Monaco%20di%20Baviera%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Villa Martelli town in the Partido of Vicente Lopez, in the Greater Buenos Aires metro area.\n\nHistory\nThe first recorded settlement in the area occurred on May 6, 1910, and the town was officially recognized by the Provincial Legislature on July 27, 1964. The Villa Martelli Army Barracks were the site of a military mutiny in 1988 by a right-wing Carapintadas faction led by Col. Mohamed Al\u00ed Seineld\u00edn. The barracks were later closed, and in 2011, a portion of the extensive lot became the site of the Tecn\u00f3polis exposition fairground.\n\nExternal links\nWard of Villa Martelli\nSearching Villa Martelli\n\nReferences\n\nVicente L\u00f3pez Partido\nPopulated places in Buenos Aires Province\nPopulated places established in 1964\nCities in Argentina\nArgentina", "meta": {"title": "Villa Martelli", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa%20Martelli", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Dmitriy Furmanov () is a Dmitriy Furmanov-class (project 302, BiFa129M) Soviet/Russian river cruise ship, cruising in the Volga \u2013 Neva basin. The ship was built by VEB Elbewerften Boizenburg/Ro\u00dflau at their shipyard in Boizenburg, East Germany, and entered service in 1983. The ship is named after the famous Bolshevik commissar and writer of the book Chapayev about Vasily Chapayev, a Red Army officer and a hero of the Civil War.\n\nHer home port is currently Perm. Dmitriy Furmanov captain (2013) is Aleksandr Kozminykh.\n\nFeatures\nThe ship has two restaurants, three bars, the lounge on the Upper deck, conference hall and souvenir shop.\n\nSee also\n List of river cruise ships\n Ukraina-class motorship\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n\u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \"\u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0424\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\" \n\n1983 ships\nRiver cruise ships", "meta": {"title": "Dmitriy Furmanov (ship)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitriy%20Furmanov%20%28ship%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Japaratuba is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Sergipe. Its population was 18,907 (2020) and its area is 360 km\u00b2.\n\nReferences\n\nMunicipalities in Sergipe", "meta": {"title": "Japaratuba", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japaratuba", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Meteory (gr. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c9\u03c1\u03b1 (Meteora) z gr. met\u00e9oros \u2013 wzniesiony w g\u00f3r\u0119, b\u0119d\u0105cy wysoko w powietrzu) \u2013 masyw ska\u0142 z piaskowca i zlepie\u0144ca w \u015brodkowej Grecji na p\u00f3\u0142nocno-zachodnim kra\u0144cu r\u00f3wniny tesalskiej w okolicy miasta Kalambaka. Ska\u0142y osi\u0105gaj\u0105 wysoko\u015b\u0107 do 540 m n.p.m.\n\nMonastyry \nNa szczytach ska\u0142 umiejscowiony jest zesp\u00f3\u0142 24 prawos\u0142awnych klasztor\u00f3w (monastyr\u00f3w). Pocz\u0105tkowo wszelkie materia\u0142y potrzebne do budowy i \u017cycia mnich\u00f3w wci\u0105gane by\u0142y na linach, r\u00f3wnie\u017c odwiedzaj\u0105cy mogli dosta\u0107 si\u0119 do monastyr\u00f3w jedynie w taki spos\u00f3b. Obecnie cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 z monastyr\u00f3w udost\u0119pniona jest dla zwiedzaj\u0105cych i dla ich wygody wybudowano schody i pomosty.\n\nPierwsze wsp\u00f3lnoty religijne pojawi\u0142y si\u0119 w Meteorach pod koniec X w., mieszkaj\u0105c w jaskiniach i pustelniach.\n\nLegenda g\u0142osi, \u017ce \u015bw. Atanazy, za\u0142o\u017cyciel Wielkiego Meteora (Megalo Meteoro), najstarszego monastyru, wzni\u00f3s\u0142 si\u0119 na szczyt na skrzyd\u0142ach or\u0142a. To on za\u0142o\u017cy\u0142 pierwszy klasztor w roku 1336. Poniewa\u017c trwa\u0142y w\u00f3wczas wojny Bizancjum z Serbi\u0105 wi\u0119c klasztory te by\u0142y dobrym, niedost\u0119pnym schronieniem. Ukrywa\u0142 si\u0119 tu m.in. Jan Paleolog \u2013 nast\u0119pca tronu serbskiego. Okres \u015bwietno\u015bci klasztory prze\u017cywa\u0142y za panowania osma\u0144skiego su\u0142tana Sulejmana Wspania\u0142ego (1520\u20131566).\n\nMonastyry gromadzi\u0142y wtedy ogromne skarby, czerpi\u0105c zyski z posiad\u0142o\u015bci ziemskich w Tesalii, Wo\u0142oszczy\u017anie i Mo\u0142dawii.\n\nOd XVIII w. klasztory zacz\u0119\u0142y podupada\u0107 (g\u0142\u00f3wnie na skutek k\u0142\u00f3tni opat\u00f3w oraz erozji nieumiej\u0119tnie budowanych i konserwowanych budynk\u00f3w). W sumie wybudowano 24 klasztory (ka\u017cdy na innej skale). Wsp\u00f3\u0142cze\u015bnie tylko sze\u015b\u0107 klasztor\u00f3w jest zamieszkanych i toczy si\u0119 w nich normalne \u017cycie monastyczne. S\u0105 to cztery klasztory m\u0119skie i dwa \u017ce\u0144skie:\n Ajos Nikolaos (\u015awi\u0119tego Miko\u0142aja Odpoczywaj\u0105cego),\n Ajos Stefanos (\u015awi\u0119tego Stefana),\n Ajias Triados (\u015awi\u0119tej Tr\u00f3jcy),\n Megalo Meteoro (Wielki Meteor, Przemienienia Pa\u0144skiego),\n Rusanu (Rusanu, \u015awi\u0119tej Barbary),\n Warlaam (War\u0142ama).\n\nAby zwiedzi\u0107 klasztory, nale\u017cy mie\u0107 odpowiedni str\u00f3j: d\u0142ugie spodnie dla m\u0119\u017cczyzn, sp\u00f3dnica zakrywaj\u0105ca kolana i zakryte ramiona dla kobiet.\n\nW kulturze masowej \n Meteory by\u0142y sceneri\u0105 dla jednego z film\u00f3w o przygodach Jamesa Bonda pt. \u201eTylko dla twoich oczu\u201d.\n Meteory by\u0142y r\u00f3wnie\u017c miejscem akcji filmu pt. \u201eSky Riders\u201d w re\u017cyserii Douglasa Hickoxa z Jamesem Coburnem w roli g\u0142\u00f3wnej.\n Nazwa drugiego studyjnego albumu zespo\u0142u Linkin Park pochodzi w\u0142a\u015bnie od tego miejsca. Zanim jeszcze zacz\u0119\u0142y si\u0119 prace nad p\u0142yt\u0105, cz\u0142onkowie zespo\u0142u zobaczyli podpisane zdj\u0119cie ska\u0142 na ulotce biura turystycznego i postanowili, \u017ce album b\u0119dzie robi\u0142 takie samo wra\u017cenie, jak one. Na ko\u0144cu procesu tworzenia, postanowili nazwa\u0107 p\u0142yt\u0119 \u201eMeteora\u201d.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n\n Athos\n Lista \u015awiatowego Dziedzictwa UNESCO w Grecji\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n Wspinaczka w Meteorach \u2013 opis i zdj\u0119cia\n Opis i zdj\u0119cia monastyr\u00f3w\n Lista \u015awiatowego Dziedzictwa Kulturalnego i Przyrodniczego UNESCO \u2013 Meteory\n\n \nG\u00f3ry Grecji\nObiekty z listy dziedzictwa UNESCO w Grecji\nCerkwie w Grecji", "meta": {"title": "Meteory", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteory", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Bacia Sanfranciscana (Sgarbi, 1989) \u00e9 uma bacia sedimentar brasileira intracrat\u00f4nica  localizada na por\u00e7\u00e3o centro-leste do Brasil, com uma \u00e1rea de 150.000 km2 e abrangendo os  estados de Tocantins, Bahia, Goi\u00e1s e Minas Gerais. Corresponde ao registro Faneroz\u00f3ico da Bacia do S\u00e3o Francisco, com rochas de idade entre 300m.a e 70m.a, ou seja, do per\u00edodo Permo-carbon\u00edfero at\u00e9 o Cenozoico inferior (\u00c9on Fanerozoico), representando o \u00faltimo megaciclo geodin\u00e2mico da Bacia S\u00e3o Francisco.\n\nLimita-se a sul pelo Alto do Parana\u00edba, que a separa da Bacia do Paran\u00e1, e a norte pelo Alto do S\u00e3o Francisco, que a separa da Bacia do Parna\u00edba (Campos e Dardenne, 1997b). As faixas Bras\u00edlia e Ara\u00e7ua\u00ed/Espinha\u00e7o Setentrional limitam, respectivamente, as bordas ocidental e oriental da bacia.\n\nDevido \u00e0 diferen\u00e7as tect\u00f4nicas, estratigr\u00e1ficas e ambientais a bacia pode ser dividida em duas sub-bacias:  Sub-Bacia Abaet\u00e9, a sul, e Sub-Bacia Urucuia, a norte, separadas por um alto estrutural do embasamento denominado de Alto do Paracatu (Campos & Dardenne 1997a).\n\nA Bacia est\u00e1 em contato discordante, principalmente, com as rochas do Grupo Bambu\u00ed (considerado o topo da Bacia do S\u00e3o Francisco) em sua por\u00e7\u00e3o central, e, em por\u00e7\u00f5es mais restritas, com rochas metam\u00f3rficas de baixo grau no extremo sul da bacia, com rochas granit\u00f3ides do embasamento regional no meio norte e, em sua por\u00e7\u00e3o setentrional, com a se\u00e7\u00e3o Paleoz\u00f3ica da Bacia do Parna\u00edba.\n\nEstudos pioneiros \nOs estudos pioneiros do Cr\u00e1ton S\u00e3o Francisco, na qual est\u00e1 inserida a Bacia Sanfranciscana iniciaram ainda no s\u00e9culo XIX, com o Bar\u00e3o de Eschwege, Gorceix e Derby .\n\nA denomina\u00e7\u00e3o Bacia Sanfranciscana, foi introduzida por Sgarbi, em 1991, para denominar a cobertura faneroz\u00f3ica que recobre o Cr\u00e1ton S\u00e3o Francisco. Outros nomes tamb\u00e9m foram dados, como Bacia do S\u00e3o Francisco (Sad et al, 1971) e Bacia do Alto S\u00e3o Francisco (Hasui & Haralyi, 1991). O primeiro termo n\u00e3o \u00e9 indicado devido \u00e0 frequente confus\u00e3o  com a denomina\u00e7\u00e3o \u201cBacia do S\u00e3o Francisco\u201d Campos & Dardenne (1997a). J\u00e1 o segundo termo perde seu sentido quando \u00e9 associado aos limites da bacia hidrogr\u00e1fica do alto Rio S\u00e3o Francisco.\n\nOs trabalhos que objetivam a compreens\u00e3o da evolu\u00e7\u00e3o tect\u00f4nica da Bacia Sanfranciscana s\u00f3 se iniciaram com os artigos de Hasui & Haralyi (1991) e Sawasato (1995).\n\nA unidade estratigr\u00e1fica do Grupo Santa F\u00e9 foi proposto pelos trabalhos de Dardenne et al (1991), Campos (1992) e Campos & Dardenne (1994), com esse trabalhos apresentando uma s\u00e9rie de registros da glacia\u00e7\u00e3o neopaleoz\u00f3ica.\n\nOs estudos dos sedimentos pertencentes ao Eocret\u00e1ceo iniciaram com Arrojado Lisboa (1906), descrevendo seixos facetados que posteriormente foram colocados como pertencentes ao conglomerado Abaet\u00e9, por Freyberg (1932). Estes sedimentos foram tratados como Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Areado, composta por tr\u00eas membros (Abaet\u00e9, Quiric\u00f3 e Tr\u00eas Barras), por Barbosa (1965), Braun (1970), Cardoso (1971), Barcelos & Suguio (1980) e Sgarbi (1989) e tratados como Grupo por  Ladeira & Brito (1968), Hasui & Penalva (1970) e Kattah (1994).\n\nO Grupo Mata Da Corda foi descrito desde basanitos vesiculares, at\u00e9 rochas de origem explosivas, com granula\u00e7\u00e3o variando de cinza at\u00e9 blocos e bombas por Moraes et al (1986). Moraes et al  (1987) classificou em termos composicionais, como kamafugitos. Leonardos & Ulbrich (1987) designou como associa\u00e7\u00f5es madup\u00edticas/lampro\u00edticas.\n\nOrigem e evolu\u00e7\u00e3o da bacia \nA evolu\u00e7\u00e3o tect\u00f4nica da Bacia Sanfranciscana \u00e9 constitu\u00edda por cinco ciclos tectossedimentares, de acordo com Sgarbi et al. (2001). O primeiro ciclo relaciona-se ao in\u00edcio do preenchimento da bacia, com as glacia\u00e7\u00f5es no final do Paleoz\u00f3ico, isto \u00e9, no Permo-Carbon\u00edfero, que deram origem  ao sistema glacial do Grupo Santa F\u00e9.\n\nDurante o Cret\u00e1ceo Inferior ocorreu um novo ciclo tectossedimentar. Esse novo ciclo relaciona-se \u00e0 forma\u00e7\u00e3o do Atl\u00e2ntico Sul, ou seja, na separa\u00e7\u00e3o das Placa Sul-Americana e Africana. Esse evento acarretou na forma\u00e7\u00e3o da Depress\u00e3o do Abaet\u00e9 (Hasui et al. 1975, Hasui & Haralyi 1991) ou Sub-Bacia Abaet\u00e9 (Campos & Dardenne 1997b) no qual recebeu a sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o Cret\u00e1cea da Bacia Sanfranciscana. A sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o eocret\u00e1cea de um sistema des\u00e9rtico instalado na regi\u00e3o deu origem ao Grupo Areado.\n\nNo Cret\u00e1ceo Superior houve um ciclo tectossedimentar relacionado \u00e0 reativa\u00e7\u00e3o tect\u00f4nica, que atrav\u00e9s de descontinuidades pr\u00e9-cambriana, que serviram de condutos, levou ao magmatismo alcalino kamafug\u00edtico. Esse magmatismo deu origem ao Grupo Mata da Corda, que assenta-se sobre o Grupo Areado como uma discord\u00e2ncia erosiva.\n\nAinda no Cret\u00e1ceo Superior, um novo ciclo sedimentar ocorreu, agora ao norte, na denominada Sub-bacia Urucuia (Campos & Dardenne 1997b). A sub-bacia Urucuia \u00e9 separada da Sub-bacia do Abaet\u00e9 pelo Alto Estrutural do Paracatu. Essa sub-bacia recebeu sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o e\u00f3lica, fluvial e lacustre que deu origem ao Grupo Urucuia.\n\nPor fim, no Cenoz\u00f3ico, ocorreu o \u00faltimo ciclo tectossedimentar da Bacia Sanfranciscana. Esse ciclo \u00e9 representado pela Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Chapad\u00e3o que recobre alguns litotipos da Bacia.\n\nEstratigrafia e sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o\n\nGrupo Santa F\u00e9 \nO Grupo Santa F\u00e9 representa o primeiro ciclo de preenchimento da Bacia Sanfranciscana. O grupo \u00e9 o representante do sistema glacial instalado nas m\u00e9dias e altas latitudes do Gonduana durante o Permo-Carbon\u00edfero. Constitui-se de dep\u00f3sitos de zona pr\u00f3-glacial, com f\u00e1cies relacionadas \u00e0 base de geleiras, fluvio-glaciais, glacio-lacustres e f\u00e1cies pr\u00f3-glaciais e\u00f3licas. As evid\u00eancias do sistema deposicional glacial que originou esse grupo, consistem, principalmente, no pavimento estriado sobre a Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Tr\u00eas Marias (Grupo Bambu\u00ed), na presen\u00e7a de clastos pingados, al\u00e9m de clastos estriados em diamictitos.\n\nO Grupo Santa F\u00e9 \u00e9 dividido em duas forma\u00e7\u00f5es: Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Floresta (basal) e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Tabuleiro (topo). Tais forma\u00e7\u00f5es apresentam passagem gradual entre si.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Floresta \u00e9 formada por tr\u00eas membros fortemente interdigitados, tanto de modo lateral quanto vertical. Eles s\u00e3o: Membro Brocot\u00f3, Brejo do Arroz e Lavado.\n\nO Membro Brocot\u00f3 s\u00e3o diamictitos com matriz silto-argilosa-carbonatada, com clastos as vezes estriados. Os clastos, s\u00e3o, em sua maioria, de arc\u00f3sios da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Tr\u00eas Marias (Grupo Bambu\u00ed), ocorrendo tamb\u00e9m clastos de granitos, quartzitos, rochas carbon\u00e1ticas e gnaisses. Esse membro \u00e9 interpretado como tiilitos depositados em \u00e1reas restritas e tiilitos ressedimentados, com ocorr\u00eancia mais ampla.\n\nO Membro Brejo do Arroz s\u00e3o folhelhos vermelhos, bem laminados, com ocorr\u00eancia subordinada de arenitos e conglomerados estratificados. Nesses folhelhos ocorre clastos pingados.  Tais clastos tem composi\u00e7\u00e3o variada, como quartzitos, rochas carbon\u00e1ticas, gnaisses, granitos, itabiritos, xistos. Os ritmitos com lamina\u00e7\u00e3o regular de siltitos e argilitos s\u00e3o interpretados como varvitos, ou seja, produto de sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o sazonal. Os arenitos e conglomerados, por sua vez, s\u00e3o interpretados como dep\u00f3sitos de outwash glacial.\n\nO Membro Lavado s\u00e3o um conjunto  heterog\u00eaneo de arenitos, arc\u00f3sios e grauvacas, tendo como estruturas sedimentares estratifica\u00e7\u00f5es cruzadas acanaladas e planar-paralelas. S\u00e3o interpretados como produtos de um sistema de rios entrela\u00e7ados, fluvio-gacial, alimentados pela \u00e1gua de degelo.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Tabuleiro \u00e9 caracterizada por um pacote de arenitos m\u00e9dios, calc\u00edferos, apresentando, comumente, intercala\u00e7\u00f5es finas de argilitos e folhelhos. A an\u00e1lise  de se\u00e7\u00f5es delgadas dos arenitos permitem identific\u00e1-los como de origem e\u00f3lica. Os pelitos s\u00e3o interpretados como originados em um sistema pr\u00f3-glacial e\u00f3licos-lacustre.\n\nGrupo Areado \n\nO Grupo Areado representa o segundo ciclo de preenchimento da bacia, tendo sua sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o ocorrida no Cret\u00e1ceo Inferior.  O grupo \u00e9 constitu\u00eddo por tr\u00eas forma\u00e7\u00f5es, sendo elas: Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Abaet\u00e9, Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Quiric\u00f3 e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Tr\u00eas Barras.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Abaet\u00e9 \u00e9 a forma\u00e7\u00e3o basal do Grupo Areado, sendo a representante de dep\u00f3sitos gravitacionais, na forma de leques aluviais e fluxos aquosos espor\u00e1dicos e torrenciais, originando dep\u00f3sitos wadi (Ladeia & Brito 1968, Sgarbi 1989, Sgarbi & Ladeira 1995). O seu prolongamento para o norte da bacia deu-se na forma de um sistema fluvial entrela\u00e7ado de alta energia. A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Abaet\u00e9 \u00e9 subdivida em dois membros: Membro Carmo e Membro Canabrava.\n\nMembro Carmo constitui dep\u00f3sitos de paraconglomerados e arenitos de sistema de leque aluvial. Os conglomerados exibem predomin\u00e2ncia de seixos e calhaus angulosos e arredondados de metassiltitos, al\u00e9m de quartzo, calc\u00e1rio, quartzito, granit\u00f3ides e jaspilito. A matriz \u00e9 constitu\u00edda de areia, metassiltito, quartzo e microclina.  Os arenitos ocorrem normalmente sobre o substrato pr\u00e9-cambriano, ou a jusante dos conglomerados. S\u00e3o arenitos de areia grossa a m\u00e9dia, bem arredondados, constitu\u00eddos de metapelitos, quartzo e microclina. Apresentam estratifica\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada tabular de pequeno porte, al\u00e9m de estratifica\u00e7\u00e3o planar-paralela.\n\nMembro Canabrava exibe f\u00e1cies de conglomerado e de arenitos quartzosos. As f\u00e1cies conglomerado s\u00e3o clasto-suportados, mostrando clastos de quartzito bem arredondados, sendo um conjunto de alta maturidade textural e mineral\u00f3gica, em compara\u00e7\u00e3o ao Membro Carmo. A deposi\u00e7\u00e3o desses conglomerados foram controlados pelo maior afluxo de \u00e1gua no sistema. Representam um regime fluvial entrela\u00e7ado de alta energia do tipo Scott (Miall 1977). Apresentam subordinadamente arenitos e folhelhos vermelhos. As f\u00e1cies de arenitos quartzosos s\u00e3o formados por areias m\u00e9dias e finas subangulosas, pel\u00edculas de \u00f3xido-hidr\u00f3xido de ferro s\u00e3o comumente observado envolvendo gr\u00e3os arenosos. Apresentam estratifica\u00e7\u00f5es cruzadas de base tangencial. Essas f\u00e1cies de arenitos s\u00e3o resultantes da forma\u00e7\u00e3o  de barras longitudinais em \u00e1reas marginais aos canais principais de alta energia.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Quiric\u00f3 representa o preenchimento de lagos do tipo playa lake, em um contexto des\u00e9rtico de sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o.  No final do Cret\u00e1ceo Inferior, os lagos foram assoreados pela coalesc\u00eancia de deltas, nos quais esses lagos atuaram como n\u00edveis de base locais. Dunas e\u00f3licas tamb\u00e9m recobriram tais lagos. A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Quiric\u00f3 \u00e9 representada por arenitos e siltitos maci\u00e7os, al\u00e9m de argilitos maci\u00e7os e lentes de calc\u00e1rios amarelos finamente laminados e com estratifica\u00e7\u00f5es hummocky, estruturas \u201ccone em cone\u201d e teepee (Sgarbi et. al. 2001). H\u00e1 tamb\u00e9m margas oxidadas com bioturba\u00e7\u00f5es no topo da sequ\u00eancia. Carapa\u00e7as de ostracodes e fragmentos de ossos e escamas de peixes s\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m comuns.\n\nO estudo paleontol\u00f3gico da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, composto por ostracodes (Sgarbi 1989), conchost\u00e1ceos (Cardoso 1971), al\u00e9m do conte\u00fado polin\u00edstico (Arai et.al 1995), remetem os sedimentos ao p\u00f3s-Barremiano. Esse estudo tamb\u00e9m sugere um ambiente de sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o continental de clima tropical \u00e1rido.\n\nO topo da sequ\u00eancia lacustre da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Quiric\u00f3 apresenta intensa deforma\u00e7\u00e3o mec\u00e2nicas nos lamitos, devido ao recalque diferencial, destruindo e ou deformando, dessa forma, estruturas sedimentares presentes. Falhas de gravidade tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o comuns, aparecendo tanto e escala m\u00e9trica, quanto em amostras de m\u00e3o.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Tr\u00eas Barras \u00e9 a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de topo do Grupo Areado. Ela pode ser dividida em dois membros: Membro Quintinos e Membro Oleg\u00e1rio.  A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 composta sobretudo por arenitos que, em termos gerais, sofreram cimenta\u00e7\u00e3o por carbonato de c\u00e1lcio.  Essa Forma\u00e7\u00e3o foi desenvolvida em um ambiente de clima \u00e1rido, significando o avan\u00e7o das dunas e\u00f3licas sobre os lagos da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Quiric\u00f3.\n\nO Membro Quitinhos resulta da deposi\u00e7\u00e3o em um ambiente fl\u00favio-delt\u00e1ico. Nele ocorre f\u00e1cies de arenitos finos sigmoidais e arenitos finos tabulares (Ladeira e Brito, 1968; Cardoso, 1971; Grossi Sad et al. 1971; Ladeira et al. 1971; Moraes et al. 1986; Sgarbi, 1989), al\u00e9m de f\u00e1cies de fluvial meandrante, com arenitos m\u00e9dios conglomer\u00e1ticos. As f\u00e1cies de arenitos sigmoidais ocorre na forma de pequenos deltas de Gilbert, s\u00e3o rosados e feldsp\u00e1ticos, finos a m\u00e9dios e angulosos.\n\nO Membro Oleg\u00e1rio \u00e9 o membro dominante em rela\u00e7\u00e3o a \u00e1rea de ocorr\u00eancia e volume dentro da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Tr\u00eas Barras. \u00c9 constitu\u00eddo por arenitos e\u00f3licos de ambientes de dunas e\u00f3licas e outro de arenitos de interdunas.\n\nGrupo Mata da Corda \nO Grupo Mata da Corda exibe rochas m\u00e1fica-ultram\u00e1ficas que registram a atividade vulc\u00e2nica no Neocret\u00e1ceo. Nesse grupo tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o encontradas rochas epicl\u00e1sticas. Como \u00e9 observada uma forte interdigita\u00e7\u00e3o entre os litotipos vulc\u00e2nicos e sedimentares interpreta-se que o magmatismo ocorreu como pulsos. O grupo \u00e9 dividido nas Forma\u00e7\u00f5es Patos e Capacete.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Patos \u00e9 a unidade basal do grupo e engloba as rochas vulc\u00e2nicas e subvulc\u00e2nicas (de conduto) kamafug\u00edticas (Sgarbi 1991, Sgarbi & Valen\u00e7a 1993, 1995). Constitui parte do magmatismo alcalino M\u00e1fico que constitui a Prov\u00edncia Alcalina Minas-Goi\u00e1s. Esse magmatismo est\u00e1 associado temporalmente e espacialmente com os complexos plut\u00f4nicos carbonat\u00edticos (Silva et al., 1979; Gomes et al. 1990), como os de Arax\u00e1 e Tapira.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Capacete \u00e9 composta por vulcanocl\u00e1sticas \u2013 conglomerados e arenitos epicl\u00e1sticos, materiais pirocl\u00e1sticos. Originaram a partir de fluxos pirocl\u00e1sticos, eros\u00e3o e intemperismos das rochas da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Patos, que por sua vez foram transportadas por leques aluviais e torrentes fluviais entrela\u00e7adas, formando paraconglomerados com clastos de rochas \u00edgneas alcalinas, al\u00e9m de clastos de rochas metam\u00f3rficas, como quartzitos, com matriz arenosa.\n\nGrupo Urucuia \nO Grupo Urucuia se desenvolveu no Cret\u00e1ceo Superior. Sua deposi\u00e7\u00e3o se deu ap\u00f3s a amplifica\u00e7\u00e3o da subsid\u00eancia flexural causada pela abertura do Atl\u00e2ntico, que gerou uma calha rasa no qual foi preenchida por sedimentos que deu origem ao Grupo, representando, dessa forma, o quarto ciclo tectonossedimentar da Bacia. O Grupo constitui a unidade de mais amplo espalhamento geogr\u00e1fico da Bacia Sanfranciscana. \u00c9 formado da base para o topo pela: Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Posse e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Serra das Araras.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Posse \u00e9 constitu\u00edda por duas F\u00e1cies, F\u00e1cies 1 e 2 (Campos & Dardenne, 1997a). A F\u00e1cies 1 \u00e9 composta por arenitos muito finos \u00e0 m\u00e9dios, lentes e n\u00edveis de conglomerados m\u00e9dios a finos, que foram interpretadas como um sistema e\u00f3lico de campos de dunas. A F\u00e1cies 2 \u00e9 formada por arenitos feldsp\u00e1ticos e quartzo arenitos com estratifica\u00e7\u00f5es cruzadas tabulares e tangenciais, que s\u00e3o mais comuns, enquanto estratos plano-paralelos s\u00e3o mais raros. Esta f\u00e1cie \u00e9 interpretada como produto de deposi\u00e7\u00e3o por um sistema fluvial entrela\u00e7ado.\n\n A Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Serra das Araras \u00e9 formada por arenitos, argilitos e conglomerados. Representa a sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o fluvial desenvolvida em plan\u00edcies com contribui\u00e7\u00e3o e\u00f3lica. Essa contribui\u00e7\u00e3o e\u00f3lica relaciona-se ao retrabalhamento da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Posse. H\u00e1 uma cimenta\u00e7\u00e3o por s\u00edlica e \u00f3xido de ferro intensa nessa unidade.  Os conglomerados s\u00e3o vermelhos e apresentam seixos de quartzo, quartzito e arenitos da pr\u00f3pria forma\u00e7\u00e3o.\n\nForma\u00e7\u00e3o Chapad\u00e3o \nA Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Chapad\u00e3o corresponde ao \u00faltimo ciclo tectossedimentar da Bacia Sanfranciscana, que ocorreu no Cenoz\u00f3ico. A unidade \u00e9 descont\u00ednua, apresentando pequenas espessuras e  refere-se aos sedimentos arenosos que encobrem os planaltos e chapadas da bacia. Podem ser classificados como coberturas cenoz\u00f3icas inconsolidadas aluvionares, coluvionares e eluvionares.\n\nCoberturas aluvionares: com espessuras vari\u00e1veis, alcan\u00e7ando 10m, esses sedimentos inconsolidados est\u00e3o associadas \u00e0s plan\u00edcies de inunda\u00e7\u00e3o das maiores drenagens e resultam do retrabalhamento fluvial recente de materiais detr\u00edticos diversos. Compreendem cascalhos, areias e argilas/silte dos canais de drenagem atuais e de terra\u00e7os aluviais (paleo-canais fluviais).\n\nCoberturas coluvionares: compreendem areias vermelhas ou esbranqui\u00e7adas com importante fra\u00e7\u00e3o argilosa (constitu\u00edda principalmente por caolinitas expans\u00edveis).  S\u00e3o resultantes de pequenos retrabalhamentos das unidades faneroz\u00f3icas e pr\u00e9-cambrianas e da regress\u00e3o de formas de relevo tabular elevado.\n\nCoberturas eluvionares: s\u00e3o constitu\u00eddas por areias inconsolidadas, que se desenvolvem a partir dos arenitos pertencentes \u00e0s diversas unidades da bacia. S\u00e3o representadas por dep\u00f3sitos in situ ou pouco retrabalhados, distribu\u00eddos nas chapadas de cotas superiores a 800, e atingem espessuras da ordem de 20 a 30 metros.\n\nRecursos naturais\n\n\u00c1guas subterr\u00e2neas \nO Sistema Aq\u00fc\u00edfero Urucuia (SAU) corresponde a uma das mais importantes reservas de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea brasileira e representa uma associa\u00e7\u00e3o de aq\u00fc\u00edferos que ocorrem em arenitos fl\u00favio-e\u00f3licos do Grupo Urucuia (Gaspar & Campos, 2007). O aqu\u00edfero possui uma \u00e1rea de ocorr\u00eancia de cerca de 76.000 km\u00b2, abrangendo os estados de Minas Gerais, Goi\u00e1s, Bahia, Tocantins, Piau\u00ed e Maranh\u00e3o. Enquadra-se na prov\u00edncia hidrogeol\u00f3gica S\u00e3o Francisco e \u00e9 do tipo intergranular.\n\nRecursos minerais \nA Bacia Sanfranciscana destacou-se como uma grande produtora de diamantes no pa\u00eds, com ocorr\u00eancias nos terra\u00e7os aluvionares e em aluvi\u00f5es recentes da bacia, al\u00e9m de ocorr\u00eancias locais nos conglomerados basais do Grupo Areado. Os sedimentos vulcanocl\u00e1sticos da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Capacete do Grupo Mata da Corda tamb\u00e9m apresentam potencial para dep\u00f3sitos de diamantes. E ainda na bacia, foram noticiadas, no final da d\u00e9cada de 90, ocorr\u00eancias de kimberlitos economicamente vi\u00e1veis.\n\nA bacia apresenta tamb\u00e9m relev\u00e2ncia econ\u00f4mica para o setor da constru\u00e7\u00e3o civil, correspondente aos dep\u00f3sitos rud\u00edticos da Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Abaet\u00e9, que representam materiais de alta qualidade visual e elevada resist\u00eancia mec\u00e2nica.\n\nAntigos dados do Servi\u00e7o Mineral\u00f3gico do Brasil relatam ainda a ocorr\u00eancia de platina na Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Capacete, e a presen\u00e7a de \u00f3xido de tit\u00e2nio nessa mesma forma\u00e7\u00e3o.\n\nS\u00edtios geotur\u00edsticos \n\n Pavimentos Estriados do Grupo Santa F\u00e9: localizados a 5 quil\u00f4metros a oeste da cidade de Santa F\u00e9 de Minas, os pavimentos s\u00e3o representados por sulcos rasos, finos e sub-paralelos, que podem ser seguidos por v\u00e1rios metros. Localmente o pavimento se torna polido ou com sulcos muitos rasos.  S\u00e3o importantes no contexto geol\u00f3gico regional da Bacia Sanfranciscana, auxiliando na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o dos ambientes deposicionais da unidade basal (permo-carbon\u00edfera) da cobertura Faneroz\u00f3ica (Campos & Dardenne, 2000).\n\nVer tamb\u00e9m \n Lista de bacias sedimentares do Brasil\n\n Maria Tereza Pantoja Gaspar & Jos\u00e9 Eloi Guimar\u00e3es Campos, O Sistema Aqu\u00edfero Urucuia;\n Jos\u00e9 Eloi Guimar\u00e3es Campos & Marcel Auguste Dardenne, Pavimentos Estriados do Grupo Santa F\u00e9; Neopaleoz\u00f3ico da Bacia Sanfranciscana.;\n Jos\u00e9 Eloi Guimar\u00e3es Campos & Marcel Auguste Dardenne, Estratigrafia e Sedimenta\u00e7\u00e3o da Bacia Sanfranciscana:Uma Revis\u00e3o.\n\nSanfranciscana\nAcidentes geogr\u00e1ficos da Bahia", "meta": {"title": "Bacia Sanfranciscana", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacia%20Sanfranciscana", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Robbie Hucker (* 13. M\u00e4rz 1990 in Bendigo) ist ein australischer  Radsportler.\n\nSportliche Laufbahn \n2007 wurde Robbie Hucker australischer Junioren-Meister auf dem Mountainbike (XC). 2016 gewann er die Tour de Taiwan und 2019 die Banyuwangi Tour de Ijen.\n\nErfolge\n\nStra\u00dfe \n2016\n Gesamtwertung und eine Etappe Tour de Taiwan\n\n2018\n eine Etappe Tour de Taiwan\n Bergwertung Tour de Tochigi\n\n2019\n Gesamtwertung und eine Etappe Banyuwangi Tour de Ijen\n\nMountainbike \n2007\n  Australischer Junioren-Meister \u2013 Cross Country\n\nWeblinks \n\n \n \n\nRadsportler (Australien)\nMountainbikefahrer\nAustralier\nGeboren 1990\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Robbie Hucker", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robbie%20Hucker", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "J\u00f3zef Lucjan Ezechiel Huerta Guti\u00e9rrez, hiszp. Ezequiel Huerta Guti\u00e9rrez (ur. 7 stycznia 1876 w Magdalenie, zm. 3 kwietnia 1927 w Guadalajarze) \u2013 meksyka\u0144ski b\u0142ogos\u0142awiony Ko\u015bcio\u0142a rzymskokatolickiego.\n\n\u017byciorys \nBy\u0142 bratem Salwatora Guti\u00e9rreza. Jego \u017con\u0105 by\u0142a Florence Guti\u00e9rrez Oliva, z tego zwi\u0105zku mia\u0142 pi\u0119cioro dzieci. Zosta\u0142 zamordowany 3 kwietnia 1927 roku.\n\nBeatyfikowa\u0142 go Benedykt XVI 20 listopada 2005 roku w grupie trzynastu m\u0119czennik\u00f3w meksyka\u0144skich.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n beatyfikowani i kanonizowani przez Benedykta XVI\n \u015bwi\u0119ci i b\u0142ogos\u0142awieni Ko\u015bcio\u0142a katolickiego\n wstawiennictwo \u015bwi\u0119tych\n\nPrzypisy\n\nBibliografia \n \n\n \n\nEzechiel Huerta Guti\u00e9rrez\nUrodzeni w 1876\nZmarli w 1927\nMeksyka\u0144scy m\u0119czennicy chrze\u015bcija\u0144scy\nOfiary prze\u015bladowa\u0144 antykatolickich w Meksyku\nJ\u00f3zef Lucjan Ezechiel Huerta Guti\u00e9rrez", "meta": {"title": "J\u00f3zef Lucjan Ezechiel Huerta Guti\u00e9rrez", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3zef%20Lucjan%20Ezechiel%20Huerta%20Guti%C3%A9rrez", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vara Parish was a rural municipality in Tartu County, Estonia.\n\nSettlements\nVillages\nAlaj\u00f5e - \u00c4tte - Kargaja - Kauda - Keressaare - Koosa - Koosalaane - Kusma - Kuusiku - Matjama - Meoma - Metsakivi - Mustametsa - Papiaru - Pilpak\u00fcla - P\u00f5dra - P\u00f5ldmaa - P\u00f5rgu - Praaga - Rehemetsa - S\u00e4rgla - Selgise - Sookalduse - T\u00e4hemaa - Undi - V\u00e4lgi - Vanaussaia - Vara\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links", "meta": {"title": "Vara Parish", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vara%20Parish", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Sun Public License (SPL) ist eine Open-Source-Lizenz, die Software und APIs von Sun Microsystems abdecken soll (zum Beispiel NetBeans). Die Lizenz wird von der Free Software Foundation (FSF) als eine Freie-Software-Lizenz sowie von der Open Source Initiative (OSI) als eine Open-Source-Lizenz anerkannt. Die SPL wurde von der Mozilla Public License abgeleitet.\n\nSun Microsystems verwendet eine weitere Open-Source-Lizenz, die Sun Industry Standards Source License (SISSL) (ehemals f\u00fcr OpenOffice.org). Allerdings wird diese Lizenz in Zukunft nicht mehr weiterverwendet. Sun m\u00f6chte die Flut an unterschiedlichen Lizenzen mit \u00e4hnlichen Hintergr\u00fcnden in Zukunft deutlich eind\u00e4mmen und folgt damit dem Unternehmen Intel, die ebenfalls ihre Hauslizenz Intel Open Source License einstampfen will.\n\nWeblinks \n Sun Public License, version 1.0\n\nFLOSS-Lizenz\nSun Microsystems", "meta": {"title": "Sun Public License", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%20Public%20License", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0410\u0431\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435 () (\u043e\u043a\u043e 460. \u043f. \u043d. \u0435. \u2212 \u043e\u043a\u043e 370. \u043f. \u043d. \u0435.) \u0458\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0444 \u0440\u043e\u0452\u0435\u043d \u0443 \u0410\u0431\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0438, \u0413\u0440\u0447\u043a\u0430. \u0411\u0438\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0458\u0430\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0444 \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041b\u0435\u0443\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0415\u043b\u0435\u0458\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0458\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u043e 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\u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u045a\u0430. \u0423 \u0442\u0438\u043c \u0430\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0443, \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0458\u0430. \u0409\u0443\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0443 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0440\u0445\u0430 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438 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\u0441\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u045a\u0430, \u0447\u0443\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0459\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430: \u0447\u0443\u043b\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0443, \u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u041e\u0441\u0435\u045b\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u045a\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430, \u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0459\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0458 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0430\u0458. \u0417\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u045b\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0443 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0458 \u0436\u0435\u0459\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0458\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0443 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0448\u045b\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u0458\u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e \u0458\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e (\u03b5\u1f50\u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b7), \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0458\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u0445\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0458\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0436\u043e\u043c (\u03be\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1) \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0448\u045b\u0443 (\u1f00\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b7). \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0458\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0459\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0458\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430.\n\n\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \n\n\u0417\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0446\u0435, \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435. \u041e\u043d \u0458\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043e \u201e\u0431\u043e\u0433 \u0458\u0435 \u0443\u043c \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u201d.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \n\n\u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043e 73 \u0434\u0443\u0436\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430, \u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0433\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0458\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e 100 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430.\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n\n Bailey, C. (1928). The Greek Atomists and Epicurus. Oxford.\n Bakalis, Nikolaos (2005). Handbook of Greek Philosophy: From Thales to the Stoics: Analysis and Fragments, Trafford Publishing, .\n Barnes, Jonathan (1982). The Presocratic Philosophers, Routledge Revised Edition.\n _ (1987). Early Greek Philosophy, Penguin.\n Burnet, J. (2003). Early Greek Philosophy, Kessinger Publishing\n Diodorus Siculus (1st century BC). Bibliotheca historica.\n Diogenes La\u00ebrtius (3rd century AD). Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers.\n Freeman, Kathleen (2008). Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers: A Complete Translation of the Fragments in Diels, Forgotten Books, .\n Guthrie, W. K. (1979) A History of Greek Philosophy \u2013 The Presocratic tradition from Parmenides to Democritus, Cambridge University Press.\n Kirk, G. S., J. E. Raven and M. Schofield (1983). The Presocratic Philosophers, Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition.\n \n \n Pyle, C. M. (1997). 'Democritus and Heracleitus: An Excursus on the Cover of this Book,' Milan and Lombardy in the Renaissance. Essays in Cultural History. Rome, La Fenice. (Istituto di Filologia Moderna, Universit\u00e0 di Parma: Testi e Studi, Nuova Serie:  Studi 1.) (Fortuna of the Laughing and Weeping Philosophers topos)\n Petronius (late 1st century AD). Satyricon. Trans. William Arrowsmith. New York: A Meridian Book, 1987.\n Russell, Bertrand (1972). A History of Western Philosophy, Simon & Schuster.\n Sextus Empiricus ({{circa|200 AD||). Adversus Mathematicos.\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n Atomisti; Leukip i Demokrit (filozofija.org) \n \n \n \n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0444\u0438\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Az eszkilek a nyugati t\u00fcrk\u00f6kn\u00e9l \u00e9s a volgai bolg\u00e1rokn\u00e1l el\u0151fordul\u00f3 t\u00f6rzsn\u00e9v volt.\n\nNyugati t\u00fcrk\u00f6k \n\n563-ban Hitvall\u00f3 Theophan\u00e9sz szerint k\u00f6vetek \u00e9rkeztek Konstantin\u00e1polyba a khermikhionok \u2013 a t\u00fcrk\u00f6k egyik perzsa neve \u2013 kir\u00e1ly\u00e1t\u00f3l Aszkel(tur)t\u00f3l \u2013 a n\u00e9v v\u00e9g\u00e9nek olvasata bizonytalan. A k\u00ednai forr\u00e1sok szerint a nyugati T\u00fcrk Birodalom 651-ben keleti (vagy bal) \u00e9s nyugati (vagy jobb) sz\u00e1rnyra osztott\u00e1k t\u00edz t\u00f6rzs\u00fcket, s ezek nev\u00e9t is felsorolj\u00e1k a vezet\u0151ik c\u00edm\u00e9vel egy\u00fctt. A nyugati sz\u00e1rny \u00f6t t\u00f6rzse k\u00f6z\u00fcl az els\u0151 \u00e9s a negyedik nev\u00e9t Ligeti Lajos \u00c4sk\u00e4l-nek  olvasta. Az els\u0151 t\u00f6rzs vez\u00e9re, \u00c4sk\u00e4l k\u00fcl erkin volt a leghatalmasabb, aki a legt\u00f6bb katon\u00e1val rendelkezett. A k\u00ednai \u00e9s biz\u00e1nci forr\u00e1sok ugyanarra a t\u00f6rzsn\u00e9vre utalhatnak, b\u00e1r a k\u00f6zt\u00fck lev\u0151 sz\u00e1z \u00e9v miatt \u00f3vatoss\u00e1gra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g. Lak\u00f3hely\u00fck valahol a kazak sztyepp\u00e9n lehetett.\n\nVolgai bolg\u00e1rok \n\nA volgai bolg\u00e1rokkal kapcsolatban ibn Fadl\u00e1n h\u00e1rom t\u00f6rzs\u00fck neve k\u00f6z\u00fcl az egyiket Ask.l-nak nevezi, a Dzsajh\u00e1ni-hagyom\u00e1ny a m\u00e1sodik t\u00f6rzs\u00fck nev\u00e9t adja meg \u00edgy, ibn Ruszta viszont As\u0121.l-nek, Bakri pedig a Hud\u00fad al-\u00c1lam-ban A\u0161k.l-nek h\u00edvja \u0151ket.\n\nKapcsolat a t\u00fcrk\u00f6k \u00e9s \u0151sbolg\u00e1rok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt \n\nA kapcsolat a t\u00fcrk\u00f6k \u00e9s \u0151sbolg\u00e1rok eszkiljei k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az eleht, hogy az eszkilek jelent\u0151s szerepet j\u00e1tszhattak a nyugati t\u00fcrk\u00f6kt\u0151l elszakad\u00f3 Kaz\u00e1r Birodalom megszervez\u00e9s\u00e9ben, s betagoz\u00f3dtak a n\u00e9pei k\u00f6z\u00e9. Amikor azut\u00e1n a Kaz\u00e1r Birodalom fellazult, \u00e9s a volgai bolg\u00e1rok \u00e9szakra h\u00faz\u00f3dtak a kaz\u00e1rok befoly\u00e1sa el\u0151l a Volga \u00e9s a K\u00e1ma vid\u00e9k\u00e9re, akkor az eszkilek egy r\u00e9sze csatlakozott hozz\u00e1juk.\n\nSz\u00e9kelyek \n\nA eszkilek neve a forr\u00e1sokb\u00f3l \u00c4sk\u00e4l vagy Askal alakban olvashat\u00f3, amit megpr\u00f3b\u00e1ltak \u00f6sszegyeztetni a sz\u00e9kelyek nev\u00e9vel, az \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00f3 nyelv\u00e9szet szab\u00e1lyainak megfelel\u0151 megfeleltet\u00e9s azonban nem lehets\u00e9ges.\n\nJegyzetek \n\nSztyeppei n\u00e9pek", "meta": {"title": "Eszkilek", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eszkilek", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u00d6tisheim \u00e9 um munic\u00edpio da Alemanha, no distrito do Enz, na regi\u00e3o administrativa de Karlsruhe, estado de Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg.\n\nMunic\u00edpios de Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg", "meta": {"title": "\u00d6tisheim", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96tisheim", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Agrypnus suarezi is een keversoort uit de familie kniptorren (Elateridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1973 door Hayek.\n\nsuarezi", "meta": {"title": "Agrypnus suarezi", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrypnus%20suarezi", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Compact File Set (CFS) is an open archive file format and software distribution container file format.\n\nOverview \n\nThe Compact File Set (CFS) is an open archive file format and software distribution container file format. Basic CFS files are compatible with ISO files. It is intended to be similar enough to ISO-9660 that many systems and applications will be able to read CFS, and other applications will require only minor modifications. It is based on: \n\n ISO-9660\n Joliet (file system)\n ISO-9660:1999\n Compact ISO\n\nIt is available for use in free or commercial applications without charge. It is supposed that no parts of the format are covered by patents. \n\nThe primary application is expected to be container files for various archiving and distribution applications, but CFS may be useful when written directly to CD/DVD media.\n\nGoals \n  Simplify use with data compression and with non seeking storage (pipes, sockets, tape).\n  Simplify implementation of read and write applications compared to traditional ISO-9660/UDF based images.\n  Improved consistency and interchange of data between different applications.\n  Simplify implementation of applications that modify images.\n  Increase storage efficiency by using less image space for media structures and duplicated directory data.\n  Eliminate the folder count limitation imposed in ISO-9660 by the path table.\n  Eliminate the file size limitations imposed by various compatibility restrictions with use of ISO-9660 and UDF.\n\nMain differences of CFS from ISO-9660 \n  The layout and contents of the media header (first 40k) is fixed, always containing the same sequence of volume structures and data.\n  All file names and text fields are stored as big-endian UCS-2, as specified in the Joliet extensions.\n   Arbitrary limitations on file name and directory depth are removed, up to the limitations of the ISO-9660 file record structure, 110 16 bit characters.\n  All directory data is written after the last block of file data.\n  Readers are expected to handle files over 4GB in size.\n  Path tables are optionally generated but are not used.\n\nTechnical Information\n\nMedia header \n\nThe first 20 blocks (40K) of the logical image is the media header. The layout of the media header is compatible with the various descriptor and directory structures for ISO-9660. The first block of file data is stored in block 20, immediately following the media header.\n\nThe media header has the following layout:\n block 0-11\n    all zero\n block 12\n    compatibility readme file text\n block 13\n    compatibility root folder\n block 14\n    compatibility little-endian path table\n block 15\n    compatibility big-endian path table\n block 16\n   ISO-9660 compatibility primary volume descriptor\n block 17\n   ISO-9660 supplementary volume descriptor\n block 18\n   ISO-9660 terminating descriptor\n block 19\n   all zero \nThe primary volume descriptor in the media header references the fixed compatibility root folder and readme, to help users identify applications and systems that do not use the supplementary volume descriptor. The supplementary volume descriptor indicates the UCS-2 character set and references the real directory structure. The media header should be initialized exactly as is done in the logic in this header file. No additional application data, system data, comments, dates, text, etc., should be added to the media header.\n\nUnicode file names \n\nAll file names and the system ID and volume ID fields of the supplementary volume descriptor are encoded as UCS-2, big-endian.\n\nFile name lengths are limited by the 8 bit file record size to 110 16 bit characters.\nNo arbitrary limits are imposed on directory hierarchy depth or combined length of a file name and included folder name components. Readers will need to choose an appropriate limit for their environment and perform checks as necessary. As in ISO-9660-1999, version numbers are not added to file names. As in ISO-9660-1999, special meaning of the '.' and ';' characters during file name sorting is eliminated.\n\nOptional path tables \n\nPath tables consume media space with redundant information, and restrict media to a maximum of 64k folders. Readers should not reference path tables. Writers may choose to generate path tables to increase compatibility with ISO-9660 readers. Path tables must be written with the directory data (folder extents), beyond the last block of file data. Note that correct path tables cannot be generated for media containing more than 64K folders. Writers that are modifying an existing media may choose to remove existing path tables. If path tables are not present then the three related volume descriptor fields in the supplementary volume descriptor must be set to zero.\n\nExtended attributes \n\nExtended attributes are reserved for future extensions to CFS. Writers must not create extended attributes. Readers must gracefully handle extended attributes if they exist. File data must be contiguous, and restricted use of duplicate file records for multi-extent files. All data for each file must exist in one contiguous extent. This is true even when the files are represented using multiple file records. Interleaved files must not be created. Associated files must not be created.\n\nDuplicate file records are to be used only to allow representing files with data extents that are larger than 4GiB-2048. Duplicate file records are not to be used to represent files with fragmented data. When duplicate file records are used, the multi-extent flag must also be used as indicated in ISO-9660-1999 specification. Duplicate file records should not be created unless the total data size of the file is greater than 4Gib-2048. When duplicate file records exist for a file, all but the last file record must have a data extent that is exactly 4Gib-2048 bytes in size.\n\nLocation of directory data on media \n\nAll file data must precede all folder extents and path tables on media. The intent is that an image modifying application can read the entire directory into memory, add new file data to the image, and rewrite an updated directory after the new file data. Writers will need to determine the last block of file data after reading the entire directory.\n\nMedia header patch area \n\nWhen the media header is modified, either at the end of image creation or as part of later modifications to an existing image, only some specific fields are to be updated. These fields exist entirely within the media header patch area. Only the media header patch area should be re-written. This allows more options when dealing with image container file formats or transports with limited seeking or overwrite capability (compressed formats, pipes, sockets).\n\nFormat extensions and compound file systems \n\nAll files and folders written in the image must be accessible through the single directory structure referenced from the supplementary volume descriptor. Compound file systems, such as including UDF or HFS structures, are not allowed. Rockridge and other ISO-9660 extensions are not allowed.\n\nExtensions for archiving system specific attributes \n\nFuture versions of CFS may include extensions to allow storing system specific attributes such as time fields, security descriptors, access control lists, resource forks, symbolic links etc.. Developers with a need for these extensions should contact Pismo Technic with requirements and/or suggestions.\n\nMedia formats\n\nCFS images are either written to CD/DVD media, or are stored in a media container file. The media container file can be a raw dump of the CFS image, referred to here as DD, but more commonly known as ISO files. Also, the media container file can be a more structured container format that provides additional features such as compression and spanning. CFS images are only compliant with this specification when they are stored in DD or CISO (Compact ISO) format media files. When burned to CD/DVD media or when stored in other media container file formats such as NRG or DAA, the combination is not CFS compliant and should not be referred to as a CFS file.\n\nNote: Compact ISO is not the same format as the [[compressed ISO]] format common in PlayStation Portable homebrew development. The PSP compressed ISO format is also referred to as CISO, but the file extension is CSO.\n\nCFS writing applications should default to writing DD format media container files unless the user has specified container file options that require CISO (spanning, compression, ...). This provides more intuitive interchange with systems and applications that support DD CD/DVD images but do not support CFS.\n\nSee also \n\nComparison of archive formats\nList of archive formats\nFree file format\nOpen format\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n CFS, Compact File Set at Pismo Technic\n\nArchive formats", "meta": {"title": "CFS (file format)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFS%20%28file%20format%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Baripada este un ora\u0219 \u00een Orissa, India.\n\nVezi \u0219i \nList\u0103 de ora\u0219e din India\n\nReferin\u021be\n\nOra\u0219e din India", "meta": {"title": "Baripada", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baripada", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Snow Time, also known as Alaska Daze in some reissues, is a 1932 animated short film distributed by Columbia Pictures, part of the Krazy Kat series.\n\nPlot\nIt is winter time and Krazy is in his horse-drawn sleigh, running through the snowy outdoors. Next, he stops over at the house of his spaniel girlfriend. Krazy then calls and invites her to go out with him. Showing herself through a window, the spaniel discloses she cannot come outside because her door is blocked by thick snow. In this, Krazy and his horse goes on to clear the doorway. In just a short while, the impeding snow has been removed, and the spaniel finally steps out. They then head off in the sleigh.\n\nKrazy and the spaniel arrive at their destination, the frozen lake. They then put on their ice skates and set foot on the ice. For several moments, things are going very smooth for them. Their movements are fluent and they never stumble into things. This is until Krazy crashes into a wooden barrel and starts to lose control. He then overshoots the edge of the lake and gets himself into a snowy slope. As he tumbles down the slope, Krazy becomes covered in snow and immediately becomes a large rampaging snowball. The snowball bashes a cabin and rolls into a barn where it runs over the farm animals. Finally, it spatters onto a larger house, and Krazy is free at last. Just nearby him is the spaniel who is relieved to know he is unharmed. Without further ado, they continue looking for ways to spend time in the frosty landscape.\n\nAvailability\nColumbia Cartoon Collection: Volumes 3 and 12.\n\nSee also\n Krazy Kat filmography\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nSnow Time at the Big Cartoon Database\n\n1932 short films\n1932 animated films\nAmerican black-and-white films\nKrazy Kat shorts\nColumbia Pictures short films\nAmerican animated short films\n1930s American animated films\nFigure skating films\nFilms set in Alaska\nColumbia Pictures animated short films\nScreen Gems short films", "meta": {"title": "Snow Time", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow%20Time", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mistigri est un groupe belge de pop rock, form\u00e9 au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990 et compos\u00e9 d'Ariane (belge d'origine br\u00e9silienne) pour le chant, de Peter Pluut \u00e0 la guitare, Gilles pour les textes, John Guilmain \u00e0 la basse et Tiki Boom \u00e0 la batterie.\n\nHistorique \nLes premi\u00e8res chansons du groupe sont \u00e9crites en mars 1991. \n\nQuatre des premi\u00e8res chansons sur une vingtaine sont choisies pour figurer sur leur premier album en 1995. Leur clip mis en vedette pour l'album est La chanson de la for\u00eat. Suivront par la suite Envoie-moi au ciel ainsi que Com\u00e8te.\n\nEn 1998 viendra leur deuxi\u00e8me album Tout feu.\n\nDiscographie\n\nAlbums \n 1995 : Mistigri (Columbia)\n 1998\u00a0: Tout feu (Double T Music)\n\nSingles \n 1995 : Baby Boom\n 1995 :  Envoie-moi au ciel\n 1995 : Com\u00e8te\n\nFilmographie \n 1995 : La chanson de la for\u00eat\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n\nGroupe belge de pop rock\nGroupe musical belge des ann\u00e9es 1990", "meta": {"title": "Mistigri (groupe)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mistigri%20%28groupe%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Pentyl propanoate (also known as amyl propionate) is an organic ester formed by the condensation of pentan-1-ol and propanoic acid.  It is a colorless liquid with an apple-like odor, that floats on water.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nPropionate esters", "meta": {"title": "Pentyl propanoate", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentyl%20propanoate", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Skin es un cortometraje dram\u00e1tico de 2018, dirigido por el israel\u00ed Guy Nattiv. Gan\u00f3 el premio al Mejor cortometraje en los 91 edici\u00f3n de los Premios \u00d3scar. La pel\u00edcula de Nattiv, Skin, tambi\u00e9n lanzada en 2018, no est\u00e1 relacionada con esta pel\u00edcula, aunque comparten la tem\u00e1tica principal: el racismo.\n\nSinopsis \nTras pasar una jornada disparando armas en un lago, Jeffrey, Christa y su hijo Troy, una familia de supremacistas blancos, se detienen en un supermercado al volver a casa. Al pasar por caja Troy intercambia unas miradas agradables y sonrisas con Jaydee, un afroamericano. Esto enfurece a Jeffrey quien, junto a unos amigos, le dan una brutal paliza a Jaydee en el aparcamiento, delante de su indefensa familia.\n\nReparto \n\n Jonathan Tucker: Johnny Aldd\n Jackson Robert Scott: Troy\n Danielle Macdonald: Christa\n Ashley Tomas: Jeffrey\n\nProducci\u00f3n \nEl guion fue escrito por Nativ junto a su compatriota Sharon Maymon.\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n \n\nPel\u00edculas de Fox Searchlight Pictures\nPel\u00edculas sobre racismo\nPel\u00edculas dram\u00e1ticas de Estados Unidos\nCortometrajes de 2018\nWikipedia:P\u00e1ginas con traducciones sin revisar", "meta": {"title": "Skin (cortometraje)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin%20%28cortometraje%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dans la culture japonaise, le  (en , \u00ab \u00e9motion humaine \u00bb ou \u00ab compassion \u00bb) est le sentiment qui compl\u00e8te et s'oppose \u00e0 la notion de , ou obligation sociale.  Au sens large, le ninj\u014d est d\u00e9crit comme le sentiment humain qui \u00e9merge in\u00e9vitablement en r\u00e9action \u00e0 l'obligation sociale.  Le terme ninj\u014d \u00e9tant sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 la culture japonaise, sa validit\u00e9 ou son importance sont sujets \u00e0 un large \u00e9ventail de points de vue, inextricablement li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'appr\u00e9hension du nihonjinron, qui compare le Japon aux autres cultures pour faire ressortir les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s de ce pays.\n\nConcept \nLe mot  se traduit grossi\u00e8rement par \u00ab\u00a0sentiment humain\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9motion\u00a0\u00bb, et peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 comme un aspect sp\u00e9cifique de ces termes, par exemple la g\u00e9n\u00e9rosit\u00e9 ou la sympathie envers les faibles. L'illustration classique du  est celle d'un samoura\u00ef tombant amoureux d'une partenaire socialement inacceptable, telle qu'une personne de basse extraction ou d'un clan ennemi. En tant que membre fid\u00e8le de son clan, il est alors tiraill\u00e9 entre l'obligation envers son seigneur f\u00e9odal et ses sentiments personnels, la seule solution possible \u00e9tant le  ou double suicide amoureux. Cette situation d\u00e9montre \u00e0 quel point le  est sup\u00e9rieur au  dans la pens\u00e9e japonaise, ce dernier \u00e9tant per\u00e7u comme susceptible d'affaiblir le d\u00e9vouement d'un individu \u00e0 son devoir.\n\nLes commentateurs japonais comme \u00e9trangers ont rapproch\u00e9 cette opposition de la pi\u00e8ce de William Shakespeare Rom\u00e9o et Juliette ou de l'\u00c9n\u00e9ide. La question de savoir si les Japonais contemporains sont toujours plus sensibles \u00e0 la notion de  que leurs homologues occidentaux, et continuent donc \u00e0 se penser psychologiquement dans ces termes de conflit - est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment celle sur laquelle le  se divise entre partisans et sceptiques de la sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 japonaise.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nArticles connexes \n \n \n\nCulture japonaise\nExpression japonaise", "meta": {"title": "Ninj\u014d", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninj%C5%8D", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Das Nationale Impfgremium ber\u00e4t das Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz in \u00d6sterreich hinsichtlich Impfempfehlungen, insbesondere beim \u00f6sterreichischen Impfplan.\n\nMitglieder \n\nIn der Periode vom 1. Januar 2020 bis 31. Dezember 2022 besteht das Kollegium aus:\n\n Katja Fischer, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz\n Heidemarie Holzmann, Zentrum f\u00fcr Virologie, MedUni Wien\n Ursula Karnthaler, MA 15 - Gesundheitsdienst, Wien\n Jean-Paul Klein, ehem. Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz\n Daniela Kohlf\u00fcrst, Univ.-Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde Graz\n Herwig Kollaritsch, Institut f\u00fcr Spezifische Prophylaxe und Tropenmedizin, MedUni Wien\n Michael Kundi, Institut f\u00fcr Umwelthygiene, Zentrum f\u00fcr Public Health, MedUni Wien\n Georg Palmisano, Landessanit\u00e4tsdirektor, Abteilung Gesundheit, Amt der Ober\u00f6sterreichischen Landesregierung, Linz\n Maria Paulke-Korinek, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz\n Daniela Philadelphy, Agentur f\u00fcr Gesundheit und Ern\u00e4hrungssicherheit\n Albrecht Prieler, \u00c4rztekammer Burgenland\n Monika Redlberger-Fritz, Zentrum f\u00fcr Virologie, MedUni Wien\n Katharina Reich, Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz\n Marton Sz\u00e9ll, Die Tropenordination, Wien\n Barbara Tucek, Agentur f\u00fcr Gesundheit und Ern\u00e4hrungssicherheit\n Ursula Wiedermann-Schmidt, Institut f\u00fcr Spezifische Prophylaxe und Tropenmedizin, MedUni Wien\n Karl Zwiauer, Abteilung f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum St. P\u00f6lten\n\nWeblinks \n Homepage\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\n\u00d6sterreichische Organisation (Gesundheitswesen)\nImpfung\nGegr\u00fcndet in den 2010er Jahren", "meta": {"title": "Nationales Impfgremium", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationales%20Impfgremium", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nesta\u0159ec americk\u00fd (Ageratum houstonianum) poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze Severn\u00ed i Ji\u017en\u00ed Ameriky, kde je v\u00edcelet\u00fd. V \u010cesku je jeho \u017eivot venku omezen na obdob\u00ed od posledn\u00edch jarn\u00edch do prvn\u00edch podzimn\u00edch mraz\u00edk\u016f. Zahradnicky je velmi cenn\u00fd a remontuje (opakovan\u011b kvete) po cel\u00e9 l\u00e9to. Nov\u00e9 chom\u00e1\u010dky kv\u011btenstv\u00ed p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed odkvetl\u00e9, tak\u017ee rostlina je st\u00e1le barevn\u011b sv\u011b\u017e\u00ed.\n\nSynonyma \n Nesta\u0159ec mexick\u00fd (Ageratum mexicanum Sims)\n\nP\u016fvod a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \nRod poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Peru a Mexika, v na\u0161ich podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch p\u0159edstavuje z\u00e1stupce neprav\u00fdch letni\u010dek.\n\nVzhled a rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \nJe to kompaktn\u00ed ke\u0159ovit\u00e1 rostlina (25 \u00d7 30 cm) s hust\u0161\u00edmi, vej\u010dit\u00fdmi, syt\u011b zelen\u00fdmi listy. Okol\u00edky fialov\u011b modr\u00fdch kv\u011btenstv\u00ed dosahuj\u00ed 6\u20138 cm v pr\u016fm\u011bru. M\u00e1 vysok\u00fd a n\u00edzk\u00fd vzr\u016fstov\u00fd typ. N\u00edzk\u00fd se hod\u00ed k z\u00e1honov\u00fdm v\u00fdsadb\u00e1m nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch styl\u016f. Pro ornament\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdsadby se d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017e\u00edvaly rostliny vyp\u011bstovan\u00e9 ze zelen\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzk\u016f. Dnes se st\u00e1le v\u00edce uplat\u0148uj\u00ed kultivary vyrovnan\u00e9 ve v\u0161ech znac\u00edch i p\u0159i mno\u017een\u00ed semenem. Takov\u00fd je nap\u0159. kultivar 'Tetra Blue Mink'; je\npon\u011bkud robustn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kv\u011btenstv\u00ed v \u010cesku star\u0161\u00ed kultivary 'Modr\u00e1 hv\u011bzda' nebo b\u00edl\u00fd 'Little Dorrit'.\n\nMod\u0159e kvetouc\u00ed kultivar je v\u00fdborn\u00fdm komponentem t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ke v\u0161em z\u00e1honov\u00fdm letni\u010dk\u00e1m. S \u010dist\u00fdmi barvami nap\u0159. \u010derven\u00e9 \u0161alv\u011bje (Salvia splendens), \u017elut\u00fdch aksamitn\u00edk\u016f (Tagetes), b\u00edl\u00e9 iberky (Iberis) d\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 barevn\u00e9 efekty. Jako dopln\u011bk k pestrobarevn\u00fdm sm\u011bs\u00edm p\u016fsob\u00ed zklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edm dojmem. Vysok\u00fd kultivar 'Bukett' je m\u00e9n\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en, hod\u00ed se v\u0161ak dob\u0159e k \u0159ezu, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b jako dopln\u011bk.\nSazenice z \u00fanorov\u00e9ho v\u00fdsevu se za\u0161tipuj\u00ed, aby se koncem kv\u011btna vysadily ji\u017e urostl\u00e9 rostliny s prvn\u00edmi kv\u011bty.\n\nKv\u011bty a kveten\u00ed \n Doba kveten\u00ed: kv\u011bten a\u017e \u0159\u00edjen\n Barva kv\u011bt\u016f: r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1, modr\u00e1, fialov\u00e1\n\nEkologie \nProsp\u00edv\u00e1 mu v\u00fdslun\u00ed, dostatek vl\u00e1hy a nakyp\u0159en\u00e1 p\u016fda.\n\nCizojazy\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvoslov\u00ed \n Anglicky: Bluemink\n N\u011bmecky: Leberbalsam\n\nLiteratura \n Letni\u010dky a dvouletky. Kasparov\u00e1 \u2013 Van\u011bk (Ed.). Praha : 1978. S. 78\u201379.\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n \n\nHv\u011bzdnicovit\u00e9\nOkrasn\u00e9 letni\u010dky\nFl\u00f3ra Mexika\nFl\u00f3ra St\u0159edn\u00ed Ameriky", "meta": {"title": "Nesta\u0159ec americk\u00fd", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nesta%C5%99ec%20americk%C3%BD", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Brian Elwin Haner Jr. (Huntington Beach, Orange County, Calif\u00f2rnia, Estats Units; 7 de juliol de 1981) m\u00e9s conegut pel seu nom art\u00edstic Synyster Gates o tamb\u00e9 Syn, \u00e9s un guitarrista estatunidenc conegut per ser el guitarrista l\u00edder i un dels tres vocalistes de la banda de Metalcore mel\u00f2dic, Avenged Sevenfold. \u00c9s fill del fam\u00f3s guitarrista i compositor \"Brian Haner\". Tamb\u00e9 va ser el guitarrista de la banda Pinkly Smooth juntament amb el seu millor amic (The Rev) l'any 2001. El 20 d'abril de 2011 va guanyar el premi Revolver Golden God al millor guitarrista juntament amb el guitarrista r\u00edtmic Zacky Vengeance.\n\nBiografia \nBrian va n\u00e9ixer a Huntington Beach, Calif\u00f2rnia, Estats Units. La seva primera guitarra la hi van donar els seus avis, una de les primeres can\u00e7ons que va aprendre va ser \"Stairway to Heaven\". La majoria de les can\u00e7ons van ser transcrites per ell mateix i en sis\u00e8 grau, ja tocava d'o\u00efda. Tamb\u00e9 ha dit que quan va comen\u00e7ar a tocar la guitarra, l'escola ja no li importava. Pel que sembla va obtenir bones notes fins al 4 \u00ba grau. Synyster Gates va assistir a Ocean View High School a Calif\u00f2rnia i Mayfair High School a  Lakewood. Segons ell, es va reunir amb la resta de la banda a trav\u00e9s de  Jimmy The Rev Sullivan. The Rev i Synyster Gates es van con\u00e8ixer en una botiga de m\u00fasica metal en 8 \u00ba grau, quan Jimmy va comen\u00e7ar a burlar-se'n, per\u00f2 quan van comen\u00e7ar a parlar, es van adonar que tots dos eren m\u00fasics i es van convertir en amics gaireb\u00e9 inseparables. Admet obertament que no va ser bo a l'escola. Brian es va graduar i va assistir a l'Institut de M\u00fasics, a Hollywood, com a part del programa Guitar Institute Of Technology, l'estudi de la guitarra jazz. Fins a aquest moment va ser principalment autodidacta veient v\u00eddeos musicals i llegint llibres, la qual cosa \u00e9s sorprenent perqu\u00e8 el seu pare \u00e9s un gran compositor i guitarrista. Mig any despr\u00e9s, li va arribar una trucada telef\u00f2nica de Jimmy (i la resta de l'alineaci\u00f3 actual de Avenged Sevenfold) demanant-li reunir i entrar en Avenged Sevenfold com a guitarrista. Brian es va unir a ells en lloc de continuar la seva educaci\u00f3 i esdevenir un m\u00fasic d'estudi. Gates t\u00e9 ascend\u00e8ncia alemanya i espanyola.\n\nGates cita Django Reinhardt, Yitzhak Rochin, Ruben Prades, I\u00f1igo Gonz\u00e1lez, Francis Canavan, Frank Gambale, Jimi Hendrix, Jimmy Page, Tony Iommi, Brian May,  Slash, Dimebag Darrell, Randy Rhoads, Zakk Wylde, Alexi Laiho, Jani Liimatainen i John Petrucci com els seus guitarristes favorits i majors influ\u00e8ncies. T\u00e9 una botiga de roba anomenada Syn Gates Clothing, la qual dirigeix la seva dona Michelle.\n\nA m\u00e9s, Gates esmenta, en una entrevista recent amb el \"revista\" de rock argent\u00ed Jedbangers, a la banda finlandesa de metall mel\u00f2dic Sonata Arctica com la seva \"banda favorita de tots els temps\".\n\nCarrera amb Avenged Sevenfold \n\nSynyster Gates es va unir a Avenged Sevenfold quan li va arribar una trucada telef\u00f2nica del seu millor amic The Rev preguntant si es volia unir a la banda quan tenia 18\u00a0anys a finals de 1999 encara que no va participar en l'\u00e0lbum debut de la banda. La seva primera participaci\u00f3 en l'estudi amb la banda va ser al CD Warmness On The Soul de 2001 el qual cont\u00e9 can\u00e7ons de l'\u00e0lbum anterior juntament amb una versi\u00f3 heavy metal de la can\u00e7\u00f3  To End The Rapture i despr\u00e9s en la reedici\u00f3 del primer \u00e0lbum d'estudi en 2002 sent ja Synyster Gates el guitarrista l\u00edder de la banda. En l'\u00e0lbum Waking The Fallen t\u00e9 un reconeixement per tocar un dels solos m\u00e9s r\u00e0pids de la hist\u00f2ria en la can\u00e7\u00f3 Eternal Rest i per un solo d'1 minut al final de la can\u00e7\u00f3 Second Heartbeat.\n\nAl DVD, All Excess, remarca la posada aparentment aleatori de noms. Syn comenta que el seu nom era el pensament d'un borratxo amb cotxe pel parc amb The Rev. Syn va dir exactament, \"S\u00f3c Synyster Gates, i s\u00f3c fotudament sorprenent!\".\n\nSyn va escriure \"So Far Away\" en homenatge al seu millor amic Jimmy The Rev que va morir el 28 de desembre del 2009 a causa d'una sobredosi de medicaments. El 10 de maig de 2011 es va estrenar un v\u00eddeo de la can\u00e7\u00f3 en el qual es pot veure la hist\u00f2ria de la banda.\n\nEn aquesta banda, Syn \u00e9s el guitarrista l\u00edder, vocalista, corista i compositor des del 2010. Toca el piano a les can\u00e7ons: Beast and the Harlot i Sidewinder, canta a Unholy Confessions, Eternal Rest, Second Heartbeat , Beast and the Harlot,  Burn It Down, Bat Country, ' 'Seize the Day, Strength of the World,  Walk entre altres. Fa cor a Critical Acclaim i en altres can\u00e7ons com es pot veure en el DVD en directe Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough el 2008.\n\nSynyster Gates va ser tamb\u00e9 membre d'una banda de \"Goblin Metal\" anomenada Pinkly Smooth formada per The Rev a 2001. En aquesta banda tocava de guitarrista i se li coneixia nom\u00e9s com Syn. Pinkly Smooth nom\u00e9s va treure un \u00e0lbum en el 2002 anomenat Unfortunate Snort amb Bucktan Records. La banda es va prendre un descans perqu\u00e8 Gates i The Rev desitjaven centrar a temps complet en Avenged Sevenfold. Quan se'ls va preguntar recentment, tots dos van revelar que hi ha una nova idea del projecte que s'est\u00e0 planificant. Per\u00f2 aquest projecte mai va succeir a causa de la inesperada defunci\u00f3 de The Rev.\n\n Col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 en altres projectes \n Bleeding Through, \"Savior, Saint, Salvation\" (Canc\u00f3 amb M. Shadows). Good Charlotte, The River (V\u00eddeo musical i can\u00e7\u00f3 amb M. Shadows). Burn Halo \"Dirty Little Girl\" (Can\u00e7\u00f3 i video musical amb M. Shadows ).\n Burn Halo \"Anejo\" (Can\u00e7\u00f3.\n Brian Haner \"Blow-Up Doll\" (V\u00eddeo musical).\n The Jeff Dunham Show intro song (Amb el seu pare).\n AxeWound a \"Vultures\" del seu \u00e0lbum debut.\n MGK a \"Save Me\" del seu \u00e0lbum debut \"Lace Up\" (Can\u00e7\u00f3 amb M. Shadows)\n\n Guitarres \nSynyster Gates utilitza principalment guitarres Schecter.\n Schecter Synyster Gates Signature Special model amb pastilles Seymour Duncan SH-8 Invaders i Sustainiac.\n Schecter Synyster Gates Signature Custom amb pastilles Seymour Duncan SH-8 Invaders i Sustainiac\n Models de Schecter amb banderes d'Alemanya i dels Estats Units, negra amb ratlles blanques o vermelles, blanca amb ratlles daurades o negres i una amb pont Tune-O-Matic.\n Schecter Synyster Gates Custom amb les lletres \"REV\" en comptes de \"SYN\" incrustades al diapas\u00f3 per al v\u00eddeo de \"[[So Far Away (Canc\u00f3 d'Avenged Sevenfold)|So Far Away]]\".\n Prototip de Schecter Synyster Gates Custom \n Prototip Especial de la Schecter Synyster.\n Prototip Deluxe de la Schecter Synyster.\n Schecter Synyster Special\n Schecter Synyster Deluxe\n Schecter Avenger\n Schecter C-1 Classic \u2013 Blau transparent.\n Schecter Custom C-1 FR\n Schecter Hellraiser C-1 FR\n Schecter PT Fastback\n Schecter S-1 amb pastilles Seymour Duncan JB\n Schecter Banshee\n Gibson Les Paul color blanc \u00e0rtic per al v\u00eddeo de Unholy Confessions.\n Parker Fly\n Ibanez - RG Prestige\n 1957 Fender Stratocaster Deluxe (Amb pastilles Humbucker)\n\n Schecter Synyster Custom Electric \n\n\u00c9s la guitarra m\u00e9s distingida de Synyster i \u00e9s la que m\u00e9s ha usat en v\u00eddeos musicals. \u00c9s negra amb ratlles color platejat i t\u00e9 les paraules \"SYN\" juntament amb el logo \u201cDeathbat\u201d al diapas\u00f3. Va fer un model gaireb\u00e9 id\u00e8ntic per al v\u00eddeo de \" So Far Away\" per\u00f2 va canviar la paraula \"SYN\" per \"REV\" com homenatge a The Rev.\n\n Construcci\u00f3: Set-Neck amb la junta rebaixada.\n M\u00e0stil: 3 peces de caoba\n Escala: 25,5\"\n Diapas\u00f3: Ban\u00fas\n Trasts: 24 Jumbo\n Incrustacions: SYN amb el logoDeathbat al trast 12.\n Binding: Negre\n Pastilles: Seymour Duncan Invaders personalitzades\n Electr\u00f2nica: Interruptor de Volum / To (Amb separaci\u00f3 de bobines) de 3 posicions\n Pont: Floyd Rose Tremolo (S\u00e8rie 1000)\n Afinadors: Grover Rotomatic Negres\n Herratges: Negres\n Color: Negre amb ratlles platejades\n\n Discografia \n Avenged Sevenfold \n Warmness On The Soul (2001)\n Sounding the Seventh Trumpet (Edici\u00f3 2002)\n Waking The Fallen (2003)\n City of Evil (2005)\n All Excess (2007)\n Avenged Sevenfold (2007)\n Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough (2008)\n Nightmare (2010)\n Hail to the king (2013)\n\n Pinkly Smooth \n Unfortunate Snort'' (2002)\n\nEnlla\u00e7os externs \n Avenged Sevenfold\n Syn Gates Clothing\n\nGuitarristes californians\nAlumnes del Musicians Institute\nPersones del comtat d'Orange (Calif\u00f2rnia)", "meta": {"title": "Synyster Gates", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synyster%20Gates", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Juan Manuel S\u00e1nchez Cifuentes, conegut com a Juanma Cifuentes (Albacete, Espanya, 18 de gener de 1968), \u00e9s un actor espanyol.\n\n\u00c9s llicenciat per la Reial Escola Superior d'Art Dram\u00e0tic (RESAD), Doctorat pel flaut\u00ed de Mil\u00e0 en Commedia dell\u00b4Art i Llicenciat per l'Escuela Superior de Canto de Madrid.\n\nEn la seva vida professional ha treballat amb directors de la talla de Ronconi, Barba, Adolfo Marsillach, Forqu\u00e9, Fava, De Facio, Kauffman, Bosso, Peter Brook, Malla, etc...\n\nActor \n 2009 Asma de copla - Andr\u00e9s Ermita\u00f1o - Teatro de la Paz \n 2008 El juglar del Cid - Hamete - Festival de Teatro Cl\u00e1sico de Almagro\n 2004 La cena de los idiotas - Agust\u00edn - Teatro Venevisi\u00f3n\n 2002 Defensa de Sancho Panza \u2013 Sancho Panza \u2013 SMEDIA PROD.\n 2002 S\u00e1dicamente Sade \u2013 Fabrice \u2013 Ricardo Pereira.\n 2000 La tentaci\u00f3n vive arriba \u2013 Bobadilla \u2013 V. Forqu\u00e9.\n 1994 Fuenteovejuna \u2013 Mengo \u2013 Adolfo Marsillach.\n 1992 La gran sultana \u2013 Mustaf\u00e1 \u2013 Adolfo Marsillach.\n 1992 Othello \u2013 Othello \u2013 S. Hutton.\n 1991 Hamlet \u2013 Hamlet \u2013 S . Hutton.\n 1991 A Midsummer Night's Dream \u2013 Puck \u2013 S. Hutton.\n 1991 I Comedianti \u2013 Arlechino \u2013 M.\n 1991 Il Gran Capitano \u2013 Capitano \u2013 N. Palamenti.\n 1991 Bufonata Farsesca \u2013 Pantalone \u2013 J. L. Grandin.\n 1991 La Moglie Muta \u2013 La Moglie \u2013 E. Sorensen.\n 1990 Arlechino servitore di due patroni \u2013 Arlechino \u2013 Giorgio Strehler.\n 1990 Don Quixote \u2013 Sancho Panza \u2013 Jerzy Grotowski.\n 1989 L\u00edbrame Se\u00f1or de mis cadenas \u2013 Coro \u2013 A. Onetti.\n 1987 El retablillo de Don Crist\u00f3bal \u2013 don Crist\u00f3bal \u2013 J. Washinton.\n\nAls Estats Units \nL'any 2004 \u00e9s premiat, en el Festival Internacional del Teatre Avante, com a millor actor pel mon\u00f2leg Defensa de Sancho Panza de Fernando Fern\u00e1n G\u00f3mez.\n\nEn els anys 2004 i 2005 va romandre als EUA treballant tant en teatre com en televisi\u00f3, en qualitat d'actor i director:\n\nTeatre: La cena de los idiotas, Teatre de Venevisi\u00f3n de Miami.\n\nTelevisi\u00f3: Univisi\u00f3n La Corte Gigante, Protagonista. Tele Mundo, \"Protagonistas de la Fama VIP\", Profesor de Comedia.\n\nDirector \n 2009 Cirano adaptaci\u00f3 lliure de Juanma Cifuentes - Teatro de la Paz de Albacete\n 2007 Arizona de Juan Carlos Rubio - Teatro Espa\u00f1ol.\n 2006 Tragicomedia de Calixto i Melibea - Festival de Teatre de Chinchilla.\n 2005 El Quijote para Torpes - Teatro Gran V\u00eda de Madrid.\n 2005 Bodas de sangre de Federico Garc\u00eda Lorca \u2013 Hispanic Theater de Miami.\n 2004 Las heridas del viento de Juan Carlos Rubio \u2013 Hispanic Theater de Miami i Teatro del Retablo de Nueva York.\n 2003 Entiendemet\u00faam\u00ed de Eloy Arenas \u2013 T. Venevisi\u00f3n de Miami.\n 1996 Romeo y Julieta \u2013 C.N.T. de Colombia.\n 1993 Le donne \u2013 T. Comunale di Erculiana.\n 1992 La extra\u00f1a pareja \u2013 T. Alfil.\n 1992 El retablo de las maravillas \u2013 Teatro Paraninfo.\n 1992 Los pieles rojas estamos hasta las narices de hacer el indio \u2013Teatro Rojas.\n 1990 El sue\u00f1o de una noche de verano \u2013 Teatro V\u00edctor Jara.\n 1989 Como gust\u00e9is \u2013 RESAD\n\nMusicals \n 2001 El legado de Guerrero \u2013 Teatro Coliseum.\n 2001 El Madrid de Jacinto Guerrero. De la Zarzuela a la Revista \u2013 La Corrala.\n 1998 Ensayo general \u2013 Teatro De la Latina.\n 1998 En brazos de Cupido \u2013 Teatro de la Paz.\n 1995 El Tel\u00e9fono \u2013 Teatro Conde Duque.\n 1991 Liebe Mozart \u2013 T. de Bayreoit.\n 1991 Wagner a dream \u2013 T. de Bayreoit.\n\nActor i director \n El juglar del Cid (2008), de Pedro Manuel V\u00edllora.\n Asma de copla (2009) de Pedro Manuel V\u00edllora.\n\nActor i cantant \nPer la seva faceta d'actor-cantant, ha pogut participar en diversos musicals, com:\n La jaula de las locas en el rol de Albin, Teatro Apolo de Madrid.\n Estamos en el aire en el rol de director, Teatro Alc\u00e1zar de Madrid \n El hombre de La Mancha, en el rol de Sancho, Teatro Lope de Vega de Madrid.\n\nTelevisi\u00f3 \nEn televisi\u00f3 ha participat en s\u00e8ries com: \n La que se avecina (Telecinco) (2014 ; 2018)\n Gym Tony (Cuatro) (2014-2015)\n Stamos okupa2 (La 1) (2012)\n Lo que yo te diga (La FORTA) (2012)\n Las chicas de oro (La 1) (2010)\n Supercharly (Telecinco) (2009)\n El s\u00edndrome de Ulises (Antena 3),\n A tortas con la vida (Antena 3), \n Aqu\u00ed no hay quien viva (Antena3), \n Cu\u00e9ntame (TVE), \n \u00a1Ala... Dina! (TVE) \n El s\u00faper (Tele5).\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies\n\nEnlla\u00e7os externs \n Web de Juan Manuel Cifuentes\n\nPersones d'Albacete\nActors de teatre espanyols\nAlumnes de la Reial Escola Superior d'Art Dram\u00e0tic\nActors castellanomanxecs", "meta": {"title": "Juanma Cifuentes", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juanma%20Cifuentes", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Amphoe Pa Tio (in Thai ) ist ein Landkreis (Amphoe \u2013 Verwaltungs-Distrikt) in der Provinz Yasothon. Die Provinz Yasothon liegt im \u00f6stlichen Teil der Nordostregion von Thailand, dem so genannten Isan.\n\nGeographie \nAmphoe Pa Tio grenzt an die folgenden Bezirke (von S\u00fcden im Uhrzeigersinn): an die Amphoe Kham Khuean Kaeo, Mueang Yasothon, Kut Chum und Thai Charoen in der Provinz Yasothon, sowie an die Amphoe Mueang Amnat Charoen und Hua Taphan der Amnat Charoen Provinz.\n\nGeschichte \nAls gegen Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts gro\u00dfe Teile Siams \u00f6stlich des Mekong an Frankreich fielen, gab es zahlreiche Siedler aus Laos, die sich im Isan niederlassen wollten. Unter den neu gegr\u00fcndeten D\u00f6rfern war auch Ban Pa Tio. Im Jahr 1933 baute das thail\u00e4ndische \u201eHighway Department\u201c eine Stra\u00dfe vom Amphoe Yasothon zum Amphoe Amnat Charoen und Amphoe Khemarat, den drei Distrikten der damaligen Provinz Ubon Ratchathani. Diese Stra\u00dfe verlief auch durch das Dorf Pa Tio, was ihm zu Wachstum verhalf. 1951 wurde eine Petition eingereicht, um Pa Tio zu einem \u201eZweigkreis\u201c (King Amphoe) mit den drei Tambon Pho Sai, Krachai und Khok Na Ko heraufzustufen. Dem wurde allerdings erst am 17. August 1966 offiziell entsprochen.\n\n1969 bekam Pa Tio einen Amphoe-Status der Provinz Ubon Ratchathani. Als Yasothon am 1. M\u00e4rz 1972 eine eigenst\u00e4ndige Provinz wurde, war Pa Tio einer der sechs Distrikte, die der neuen Provinz zugeordnet wurden.\n\nVerwaltung\n\nProvinzverwaltung \nAmphoe Pa Tio ist in f\u00fcnf Gemeinden (Tambon) gegliedert, welche wiederum in 57 D\u00f6rfer (Muban) unterteilt sind.\n\nLokalverwaltung \nEs gibt eine Kommune mit \u201eKleinstadt\u201c-Status (Thesaban Tambon) im Landkreis:\n Pa Tio (Thai: ), bestehend aus Teilen des Tambon Pho Sai.\n\nAu\u00dferdem gibt es f\u00fcnf \u201eTambon-Verwaltungsorganisationen\u201c ( \u2013 Tambon Administrative Organizations, TAO) im Landkreis.\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n Weitere Informationen zu Amphoe Pa Tio von amphoe.com (in thail\u00e4ndischer Sprache)\n\nPa Tio", "meta": {"title": "Amphoe Pa Tio", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphoe%20Pa%20Tio", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Daewoo BM \u2014 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u044e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Daewoo \u0441 1996 \u043f\u043e 2004 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0412\u044b\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e Daewoo BS.\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \n\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441 Daewoo BM \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0435 1996 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0414\u043e 1998 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f Daewoo BF105.\n\n\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f Daewoo BM \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 Daewoo BS106. \u0418\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f D1146. \u0421 2001 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f DE08Tis. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c Hyundai Global 900, Hyundai Aero Town \u0438 Kia Cosmos.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 2004 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.\n\n\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435\u044f\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\nBM\n\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u044b", "meta": {"title": "Daewoo BM", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daewoo%20BM", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le ATP Finals 2018 (ufficialmente chiamate Nitto ATP Finals 2018 per motivi di sponsorizzazione) sono un torneo di tennis che si \u00e8 disputato a Londra, nel Regno Unito, dall'11 al 18 novembre 2018 sul campo di cemento indoor dell'O2 Arena. \u00c8 stato l'evento conclusivo dell'ATP World Tour 2018, a cui partecipano i primi 8 giocatori della classifica ATP di singolare e le prime 8 coppie della classifica di doppio. \u00c8 stata la 49\u00aa edizione per quanto riguarda il torneo di singolare e della 44\u00aa per quanto riguarda quello di doppio.\n\nQualificazioni\n\nRegolamento \nGli 8 giocatori che hanno accumulato il maggior numero di punti validi nei tornei del Grande Slam, dell'ATP World Tour 2018 e nella Coppa Davis 2018 ottengono la qualificazione per il torneo. I punti validi comprendono tutti quelli ottenuti nel 2018, pi\u00f9 quelli derivati dalla finale di Coppa Davis 2017 e da tutti i tornei Challenger disputati dopo le ATP Finals 2017.\n\nPer qualificarsi, un giocatore che ha terminato la stagione 2017 fra i primi 30 deve partecipare ai quattro tornei Slam e ad otto tornei ATP World Tour Masters 1000 nel corso del 2018. Inoltre vengono conteggiati per la classifica i suoi 4 migliori risultati nei tornei ATP World Tour 500 series e i migliori 2 nei tornei ATP World Tour 250 series. Ai giocatori che non parteciperanno ad uno di questi eventi vengono conteggiati 0 punti per il torneo. Il Monte Carlo Masters \u00e8 diventato facoltativo dal 2009, e se un giocatore decide di parteciparvi il risultato sar\u00e0 conteggiato come uno dei 4 tornei 500. La Coppa Davis viene anch'essa conteggiata come un torneo 500, se il giocatore non avr\u00e0 disputato un numero sufficiente di tornei di questa fascia, e se non avr\u00e0 ottenuto risultati migliori nei 250 o nei Challenger. Se il giocatore (ad esempio per infortunio) non pu\u00f2 partecipare ai tornei prestabiliti, nei 18 tornei validi per la classifica vengono conteggiati i risultati migliori nei tornei 250 o Challenger.\n\nUn giocatore che \u00e8 impossibilitato a partecipare ai tornei a causa di un infortunio, non riceve alcuna penalit\u00e0. Le ATP Finals 2018 conteranno come un 19\u00ba torneo aggiuntivo nella classifica degli otto qualificati.\n\nSingolare\n\nAssenze notevoli \nRafael Nadal e Juan Mart\u00edn del Potro si sarebbero qualificati per il torneo, ma non hanno potuto partecipare per infortunio.\n\nDoppio\n\nTesta a testa\n\nSingolare\n\nTesta a testa generale\n\nTesta a testa incontri su cemento(i)\n\nDoppio\n\nTesta a testa generale\n\nMontepremi e punti \n\n Il vincitore del singolare, qualora non abbia subito sconfitte nel corso del torneo, ha diritto a 1.500 punti e ad un premio in denaro pari a $2.712.000.\n I vincitori del doppio, qualora non abbiano subito sconfitte nel corso del torneo, hanno diritto a 1.500 punti e ad un premio in denaro pari a $517.000.\n\nCampioni\n\nSingolare \n\n Alexander Zverev ha battuto in finale  Novak \u0110okovi\u0107 col punteggio di 6-4, 6-3.\n\n\u00c8 il decimo titolo in carriera per Zverev, il quarto della stagione.\n\nDoppio \n\n Mike Bryan /  Jack Sock hanno battuto in finale  Pierre-Hugues Herbert e  Nicolas Mahut con il punteggio di 5\u20137, 6\u20131, [13\u201311].\n\nVoci correlate \nATP Ranking\nWTA Finals 2018\nWTA Elite Trophy 2018\nNext Generation ATP Finals 2018\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nATP Finals 2018", "meta": {"title": "ATP Finals 2018", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP%20Finals%202018", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jim Kelly (born August 8, 1947) is a Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 11th district (Independence, Kansas in Montgomery County, Kansas).\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nLegislative profile\n\nRepublican Party members of the Kansas House of Representatives\nLiving people\nPeople from Independence, Kansas\n1947 births\n21st-century American politicians", "meta": {"title": "Jim Kelly (Kansas politician)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Kelly%20%28Kansas%20politician%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vyrytovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Demidovskoye Rural Settlement, Gus-Khrustalny District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010.\n\nGeography \nVyrytovo is located 53\u00a0km south of Gus-Khrustalny (the district's administrative centre) by road. Payevo is the nearest rural locality.\n\nReferences \n\nRural localities in Gus-Khrustalny District\nKasimovsky Uyezd", "meta": {"title": "Vyrytovo", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyrytovo", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Esta \u00e9 uma lista dos Bispos e Arcebispos de Braga. Os Arcebispos de Braga det\u00eam o t\u00edtulo de Primaz das Espanhas, sendo igualmente titulados como Arcebispos Primazes de Braga.\n\nHist\u00f3ria\n\nBispos de Braga\n\nArcebispos de Braga \n\nArquidioceses de Portugal", "meta": {"title": "Lista de bispos e arcebispos de Braga", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista%20de%20bispos%20e%20arcebispos%20de%20Braga", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Atent\u00e1t na Martina Luthera Kinga, baptistick\u00e9ho kazatele a v\u016fdce afroamerick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed za ob\u010dansk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, byl sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n dne 4.\u00a0dubna 1968 v americk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Memphis, Tennessee. King byl smrteln\u011b zasa\u017een st\u0159elou z\u00a0pu\u0161ky b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho pobytu v\u00a0motelu\u00a0\u201eLorraine\u201c, kdy\u017e st\u00e1l na balk\u00f3nu u\u00a0sv\u00e9ho pokoje.\n\nSv\u00fdm zran\u011bn\u00edm i\u00a0p\u0159es rychlou zdravotnickou pomoc a p\u0159\u00edmou mas\u00e1\u017e srdce provedenou v\u00a0nemocnici St. Joseph's\u00a0Hospital zanedlouho podlehl. Pachatelem byl uprchl\u00fd trestanec James Earl Ray, kter\u00fd byl zadr\u017een dva m\u011bs\u00edce po atent\u00e1tu na lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9m leti\u0161ti Heathrow b\u011bhem pokusu o \u00fanik do n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0africk\u00fdch zem\u00ed.\n\nTento \u010din vyprovokoval velk\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed nepokoje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0\u0159ad\u00e1ch afroamerick\u00e9ho obyvatelstva v\u00a0USA, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve m\u011bstech Washington, D.C., Louisville (Kentucky) a Baltimore. Podobn\u011b jako tomu bylo i\u00a0u\u00a0atent\u00e1tu na Johna F. Kennedyho, vznikly i\u00a0v\u00a0souvislosti se smrt\u00ed M. L. Kinga r\u016fzn\u00e9 teorie a podez\u0159en\u00ed, podle kter\u00e9ho m\u011bl b\u00fdt Ray k\u00a0p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed donucen pod psychick\u00fdm a fyzick\u00fdm n\u00e1tlakem.\n\nPozad\u00ed ud\u00e1losti \nMartin L. King poprv\u00e9 zav\u00edtal do Mephisu ji\u017e b\u011bhem b\u0159ezna 1968 s\u00a0c\u00edlem podpo\u0159it st\u00e1vkuj\u00edc\u00ed afroamerick\u00e9 popel\u00e1\u0159e. Tito cht\u011bli st\u00e1vkou vyj\u00e1d\u0159it nespokojenost s\u00a0nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00edmi pracovn\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami, povinnost\u00ed denn\u011b zvedat neadekv\u00e1tn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 b\u0159emena a pracovat i\u00a0b\u011bhem zimn\u00edch mraz\u016f a v\u00a0de\u0161ti; d\u00e1le cht\u011bli protestovat proti zv\u00fdhod\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch koleg\u016f, kter\u00fdm byla vypl\u00e1cena mzda v\u00a0pln\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i, i kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00fd den museli z\u00a0d\u016fvodu \u0161patn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed z\u016fstat doma.\n\nDo Memphisu se King znovu vr\u00e1til 3. dubna 1968, aby nav\u0161t\u00edvil shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed C\u00edrkve Boha v\u00a0Kristu, konan\u00e9 v\u00a0Mason Temple. King\u016fv let do Memphisu byl ten den z\u00a0d\u016fvodu bombov\u00e9ho poplachu opo\u017ed\u011bn. B\u011bhem b\u011bsn\u00edc\u00ed sn\u011bhov\u00e9 bou\u0159e King p\u0159ednesl sv\u016fj posledn\u00ed projev v\u00a0\u017eivot\u011b, zn\u00e1m\u00fd pod titulkem \u201eI've Been to the Mountaintop\u201c (Vystoupil jsem na vrchol hory). Ke konci sv\u00e9ho projevu se zm\u00ednil i\u00a0o\u00a0on\u00e9 bombov\u00e9 hrozb\u011b v\u00a0jeho letu:\n\nAtent\u00e1t \n\nKing byl b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho memphisk\u00e9ho pobytu ubytov\u00e1n v\u00a0motelu Lorraine, pokoji \u010d. 306. Motel vlastnil \u010derno\u0161sk\u00fd obchodn\u00edk jm\u00e9nem Walter Bailey. King\u016fv bl\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edtel a kolega, Reverend Ralph David Abernathy, kter\u00fd byl sv\u011bdkem atent\u00e1tu, uvedl komisi HSCA, \u017ee King tento motel nav\u0161t\u011bvoval tak \u010dasto, \u017ee byl nakonec p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1n jako \u201eKing-Abernathy Suite\u201c.\n\nPodle spisovatele Taylora Branche hovo\u0159il King naposledy s\u00a0hudebn\u00edkem Benem Branchem, kter\u00fd m\u011bl ten den hr\u00e1t na ve\u010dern\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed. King mu tehdy \u0159ekl: \u201eBene, po\u010d\u00edtej pros\u00edm t\u011b s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee na tom ve\u010dern\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed zahraje\u0161 i\u00a0skladbu Take My Hand, Precious Lord. Dej si na tom fakt z\u00e1le\u017eet!\u201c\n\nDne 4. dubna v\u00a018.01 byl M. L. King zasa\u017een st\u0159elou z\u00a0pu\u0161ky, kdy\u017e st\u00e1l na\u00a0balk\u00f3nu u\u00a0sv\u00e9ho pokoje. Pro\u0161la prav\u00fdm l\u00edmcem u\u00a0ko\u0161ile, prorazila hrdlo, pro\u0161la m\u00edchou a nakonec se zastavila v\u00a0rameni. King byl p\u0159evezen do nemocnice St. Joseph's\u00a0Hospital, kde l\u00e9ka\u0159i otev\u0159eli King\u016fv hrudn\u00edk a pokusili se jej zachr\u00e1nit p\u0159\u00edmou manu\u00e1ln\u00ed mas\u00e1\u017e\u00ed srdce. I\u00a0p\u0159es ve\u0161kerou snahu se v\u0161ak obnoven\u00ed srde\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti dos\u00e1hnout nepoda\u0159ilo a v\u00a019.05 byl King prohl\u00e1\u0161en za mrtv\u00e9ho. Podle Taylora Branche bylo b\u011bhem pitvy patologem konstatov\u00e1no, \u017ee i\u00a0p\u0159es King\u016fv pom\u011brn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fd v\u011bk (39), bylo jeho srdce srovnateln\u00e9 se srdcem \u0161edes\u00e1tilet\u00e9ho mu\u017ee.\n\nDopaden\u00ed pachatele a soud \nDva m\u011bs\u00edce po atent\u00e1tu byl na lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9m leti\u0161ti Heathrow zadr\u017een pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fd pachatel James Earl Ray, kter\u00fd cht\u011bl p\u0159es Lond\u00fdn pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b uprchnout do Angoly, Rhodesie nebo Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky a to na z\u00e1klad\u011b pad\u011blan\u00e9ho kanadsk\u00e9ho pasu na jm\u00e9no Ramon George Sneyd. Ray byl neprodlen\u011b p\u0159evezen do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a obvin\u011bn z\u00a0vra\u017edy M. L. Kinga. Na radu sv\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho z\u00e1stupce se Ray k\u00a0\u010dinu p\u0159iznal, aby tak sn\u00ed\u017eil riziko, \u017ee bude odsouzen k\u00a0trestu smrti. Ray byl kone\u010dn\u00fdm rozsudkem odsouzen k\u00a0trestu odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody na 99 let.\n\nDne 10. \u010dervna 1977 Ray, spole\u010dn\u011b se \u0161esti dal\u0161\u00edmi v\u011bzni, uprchl z\u00a0v\u011bznice Brushy Mountain ve st\u00e1t\u011b Tennessee, o\u00a0t\u0159i dny pozd\u011bji v\u0161ak byli v\u0161ichni znovu zadr\u017eeni a vr\u00e1ceni do v\u011bznice. Za tento \u00fat\u011bk byl Rayovi trest zv\u00fd\u0161en o\u00a0jeden rok, tedy v\u00a0souhrnu na 100 let.\n\nRoku 1997 se syn M. L. Kinga se\u0161el s\u00a0Rayem a posl\u00e9ze vydal souhlas k\u00a0obnoven\u00ed soudn\u00edho procesu. Pr\u00e1vn\u00edm z\u00e1stupcem Raye a\u017e do jeho smrti roku 1998 byl William Pepper, kter\u00fd informoval o\u00a0p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed Kingovy rodiny, \u017ee Ray nem\u011bl se smrt\u00ed Martina Luthera Kinga nic do \u010din\u011bn\u00ed. Ray v\u0161ak 23. dubna 1998 zem\u0159el ve v\u011bznici na selh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin ve v\u011bku sedmdes\u00e1ti let, kter\u00e9 bylo zp\u016fsobeno \u017eloutenkou typu C.\n\nPochybnosti v p\u0159\u00edpadu \nShrnut\u00ed spekulac\u00ed vznikl\u00fdch v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0osobou pachatele Raye:\n Ray u\u010dinil dozn\u00e1n\u00ed pod n\u00e1tlakem a pod hrozbou ud\u011blen\u00ed trestu smrti\n Mnoh\u00e9 konspira\u010dn\u00ed teorie se tak\u00e9 op\u00edraj\u00ed o\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bry balistick\u00fdch test\u016f se zbran\u00ed Remington Gamemaster, kter\u00e9 nikdy dostate\u010dn\u011b neprok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee by Ray byl vrahem a neprok\u00e1zaly ani jeho vlastnictv\u00ed dan\u00e9 zbran\u011b.\n Sv\u011bdci, kte\u0159\u00ed se b\u011bhem st\u0159elby nach\u00e1zeli pobl\u00ed\u017e M. L. Kinga, nav\u00edc uvedli, \u017ee st\u0159ela vy\u0161la z\u00a0odli\u0161n\u00e9ho m\u00edsta, ne\u017e uv\u00e1d\u011bla ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1va.\n\nReakce na atent\u00e1t \n\nTento \u010din vyvolal pouli\u010dn\u00ed nepokoje ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 m\u011bstech po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. 9. duben byl americk\u00fdm prezidentem Johnsonem vyhl\u00e1\u0161en n\u00e1rodn\u00edm dnem smutku za zem\u0159el\u00e9ho bojovn\u00edka za lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Kingova poh\u0159bu se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo na 300\u00a0000 lid\u00ed, prezident Johnson byl z\u00a0d\u016fvodu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0Vietnamsk\u00e9m konfliktu v\u00a0Camp Davidu zastoupen viceprezidentem Hubertem Humphreym.\n\nProslov Roberta Kennedyho \nNa atent\u00e1t je\u0161t\u011b tent\u00fd\u017e den (4. dubna) zareagoval Robert Kennedy ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm projevem ve m\u011bst\u011b Indianapolis. Kennedy toho dne, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci nomina\u010dn\u00ed kampan\u011b pro Demokratick\u00e9 prim\u00e1rky, nav\u0161t\u00edvil University of Notre Dame a Ball State University ve st\u00e1t\u011b Indiana. Informoval v n\u011bm o t\u00e9to tragick\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, zm\u00ednil se o Kingov\u011b celo\u017eivotn\u00edm boji za lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a konstatoval, \u017ee Amerika tragick\u00e9 okam\u017eiky za\u017eila v minulosti a nepochybn\u011b je za\u017eije i budoucnosti: \u201eT\u00edmto \u010dinem nekon\u010d\u00ed doba bezpr\u00e1v\u00ed, doba n\u00e1sil\u00ed ani doba chaosu.\u201c. O\u00a0sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed atent\u00e1tu Martina Luthera Kinga se dozv\u011bd\u011bl t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed n\u00e1stupem do letadla sm\u011br Indianapolis, kde m\u011bl p\u0159edn\u00e9st sv\u016fj projev. Po dohod\u011b s\u00a0osobn\u00edm tiskov\u00fdm mluv\u010d\u00edm Frankem Mankiewiczem se Kennedy rozhodl nav\u0161t\u00edvit Kingovu rodinu a po\u017e\u00e1dat jej\u00ed \u010dleny, aby se dr\u017eeli Kingova odkazu nepodnikat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1siln\u00e9 reakce. O\u00a0\u00famrt\u00ed Kinga se Kennedy dozv\u011bd\u011bl a\u017e po p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0Indianapolisu.\n\nMankiewicz a poradce pro projevy Adam Walinsky za\u010dali Kennedymu okam\u017eit\u011b sepisovat pozn\u00e1mky k\u00a0projevu vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edmu se ke Kingov\u011b smrti. Kennedy v\u0161ak Walinskyho text odm\u00edtl a hodlal pou\u017e\u00edt sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed, kter\u00fd si narychlo sepsal b\u011bhem cesty z\u00a0leti\u0161t\u011b; Mankiewicz se svou verz\u00ed dorazil a\u017e pot\u00e9, co Kennedy zapo\u010dal sv\u016fj ve\u0159ejn\u00fd projev. Indianapolisk\u00fd \u0161\u00e9f m\u00edstn\u00ed policie Kennedymu sd\u011blil, \u017ee mu b\u011bhem projevu nem\u016f\u017ee poskytnou adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed ochranu, a \u017ee cel\u00fd tento akt pova\u017euje za velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd. Kennedy se i\u00a0p\u0159es tato varov\u00e1n\u00ed rozhodl sv\u016fj projev p\u0159edn\u00e9st. Na provizorn\u00edm d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9m p\u00f3diu vybudovan\u00e9m na korb\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00edho vozu Kennedy hovo\u0159il celkem \u010dty\u0159i minuty a pades\u00e1t sedm sekund.\n\nRobert Kennedy se v\u00a0Indianapolisu stal prvn\u00edm informa\u010dn\u00edm zdrojem, kter\u00fd informoval o\u00a0Kingov\u011b smrti. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 Kennedyho doprovodu se na z\u00e1klad\u011b reakc\u00ed publika (n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed za\u010dali k\u0159i\u010det nebo omdl\u00e9vat) za\u010dali ob\u00e1vat, \u017ee by tento projev mohl v\u00e9st ke vzniku pouli\u010dn\u00edch nepokoj\u016f. Kdy\u017e se reakce publika b\u011bhem projevu zklidnily, uvedl Kennedy, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed by se mohli c\u00edtit ohro\u017eeni a nahn\u011bvan\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pot\u00e9, co vy\u0161la najevo skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkem byl mu\u017e b\u00edl\u00e9 pleti. D\u00e1le \u0159ekl, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 pocity mu hlavou kolovaly po atent\u00e1tu na jeho bratra Johna Kennedyho; tyto pozn\u00e1mky p\u0159ekvapily Kennedyho pobo\u010dn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed jej nikdy p\u0159edt\u00edm nesly\u0161eli hovo\u0159it o\u00a0Johnov\u011b smrti. Kennedy pokra\u010doval ve sv\u00e9m projevu zm\u00ednkou o\u00a0nutnosti vyvinout zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed \u201eaby na\u0161e zem\u011b p\u0159ekonala tyto p\u0159et\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy\u201c a pot\u00e9 citoval b\u00e1se\u0148 antick\u00e9ho b\u00e1sn\u00edka Aischyla. Kennedy projev shrnul t\u00edm, \u017ee je nutn\u00e9, aby b\u00edl\u00ed a \u010dern\u00ed \u017eili v\u00a0jednot\u011b a vyzval ve\u0159ejnost k\u00a0modlitb\u011b za Kingovu pam\u00e1tku.\n\nReference\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n \n The Coalition on Political Assassinations, A\u00a0research and lobby group that also organize a conference on the assassination of Dr King.\n Department of Justice investigation on assassination\n Shelby County Register of Deeds documents on the Assassination Investigation\n Donald E. Wilkes, Jr., Death of MLK Still a Mystery (1987).\n Donald E. Wilkes, Jr., What are Facts of MLK Murder? (1987).\n\nAudiovizu\u00e1ln\u00ed dokumenty \n The Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.\n\nMartin Luther King\nUd\u00e1losti roku 1968\nD\u011bjiny USA (1964\u20131980)\nMartin Luther King", "meta": {"title": "Atent\u00e1t na Martina Luthera Kinga", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atent%C3%A1t%20na%20Martina%20Luthera%20Kinga", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Role \u010dlov\u011bka () je rom\u00e1n finsk\u00e9ho spisovatele Kariho Hotakainena. Poprv\u00e9 vy\u0161el roku 2009, do \u010de\u0161tiny byl p\u0159elo\u017een v\u00a0roce 2013.\n\nObsah \n\nSalme Malnikusov\u00e1 prodala sv\u016fj \u017eivotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh spisovateli, hledaj\u00edc\u00edmu n\u00e1m\u011bt. Je matkou t\u0159\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed Helena m\u00e1 dceru, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ijde o \u017eivot p\u0159i tragick\u00e9 nehod\u011b. To zm\u011bn\u00ed poklidn\u00fd chod \u017eivota cel\u00e9 rodiny. Podle jej\u00edho n\u00e1zoru nebyl vin\u00edk nehody po z\u00e1sluze potrest\u00e1n a tak se rodina odhodl\u00e1 ke krut\u00e9 pomst\u011b. Salme miluje pravdu a nesn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed le\u017e. Proto \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 spisovatele, aby psal pouze a p\u0159esn\u011b to, co mu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b sama netu\u0161\u00ed, jak moc je klam\u00e1na sv\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi d\u011btmi. Nap\u0159\u00edklad syn Pekka tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm obchodn\u00edkem, ve skute\u010dnosti ale nem\u00e1 pr\u00e1ci a vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 si na ulici p\u0159evle\u010den\u00fd za p\u0159ist\u011bhovalce z Peru. Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd je drobn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd se sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s Helenou a chce ji poznat bl\u00ed\u017ee. Pozd\u011bji ale vyjde najevo, \u017ee je akt\u00e9rem on\u00e9 tragick\u00e9 nehody. Je to p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o tom, jak mohou mali\u010dkosti a mal\u00e9 roli\u010dky lid\u00ed v na\u0161em \u017eivot\u011b zm\u011bnit naprosto v\u0161e. Finsko zde nen\u00ed vykresleno jako ide\u00e1ln\u00ed zem\u011b, jak m\u016f\u017eeme n\u011bkdy sly\u0161et nebo \u010d\u00edst, ale naopak jako zem\u011b mnoha probl\u00e9m\u016f.\n\n\u010cesk\u00e1 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n Recenze v kulturn\u00edm periodiku A2\n\nFinsk\u00e9 rom\u00e1ny\nD\u00edla Kariho Hotakainena", "meta": {"title": "Role \u010dlov\u011bka", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role%20%C4%8Dlov%C4%9Bka", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Valtimo est une ancienne municipalit\u00e9 de la province de Finlande orientale et de la r\u00e9gion de Car\u00e9lie du Nord.\n\nG\u00e9ographie \nAu  Valtimo a \u00e9t\u00e9 rattach\u00e9e \u00e0 Nurmes.\n\nLa commune occupait la pointe nord de la r\u00e9gion de Car\u00e9lie du Nord, et marquait historiquement la fronti\u00e8re nord de l'ancienne province de Car\u00e9lie. Elle est travers\u00e9e par la ride de Maanselk\u00e4, ligne de partage des eaux entre la Vuoksi et la rivi\u00e8re d'Oulu. Elle est parmi les plus vallonn\u00e9es de la r\u00e9gion, ressemblant d\u00e9j\u00e0 au Kainuu voisin.\n\nLe village est travers\u00e9 par la nationale 6 entre Joensuu et Kajaani.\n\nValtimo \u00e9tait bord\u00e9e par les municipalit\u00e9s de Nurmes au sud-est, Sotkamo au nord (Kainuu) et Rautavaara au sud-ouest (Savonie du Nord).\n\nD\u00e9mographie \n\nDepuis 1980, la d\u00e9mographie de Valtimo a \u00e9volu\u00e9 comme suit:\n\nHistoire \nCette r\u00e9gion a \u00e9t\u00e9 parcourue par Elias L\u00f6nnrot, et c'est dans ces for\u00eats de l'est qu'il a recueilli la mati\u00e8re n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction du Kalevala.\n\nLa commune r\u00e9sulte d'une scission de Nurmes en 1910. Sa principale ressource depuis lors et jusqu'\u00e0 aujourd'hui r\u00e9side dans l'exploitation de la for\u00eat. La commune a connu son \u00e2ge d'or juste apr\u00e8s la Guerre de Continuation, elle a en effet accueilli  r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de la Car\u00e9lie c\u00e9d\u00e9e \u00e0 l'URSS, attir\u00e9s pas la similitude du paysage et du dialecte avec leur r\u00e9gion natale.\n\nValtimo tra\u00eene une r\u00e9putation de commune arri\u00e9r\u00e9e. En effet, c'est une des derni\u00e8res (avec notamment Ilomantsi) \u00e0 avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 reli\u00e9e \u00e0 l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, le taux de 50 % des foyers \u00e9quip\u00e9s n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 atteint qu'en 1961, et le m\u00eame taux pour l'acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l'eau courante au milieu des ann\u00e9es 1970.\nDepuis 15 ans, c'est une des communes qui conna\u00eet la plus forte d\u00e9croissance de sa population en Finlande, le taux annuel avoisinant en moyenne les 2,5 % de baisse.\n\nBibliographie\n\nGalerie\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nLiens internes \n Liste des municipalit\u00e9s de Finlande\n Via Karelia\n\nLiens externes \n  Municipalit\u00e9 de Valtimo\n\nValtimo", "meta": {"title": "Valtimo", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valtimo", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Danilo Medina (f\u00f8dt 10. november 1951) er en dominikansk politiker og siden 16. august 2012 den Dominikanske Republiks pr\u00e6sident.\n\nMedina er medlem af Partido de la Liberaci\u00f3n Dominicana, der har v\u00e6ret det ledende parti i landet siden 2004. Han vandt pr\u00e6sidentvalget i maj 2012, med 51,24% af stemmerne. Han overtog pr\u00e6sidentposten efter Leonel Fern\u00e1ndez.\n\nreferencer \n\nDominikanske Republiks pr\u00e6sidenter\nNuv\u00e6rende statsoverhoveder", "meta": {"title": "Danilo Medina", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danilo%20Medina", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The women's 10 metre running target competition at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, Qatar was held on 4 December at the Lusail Shooting Range.\n\nSchedule\nAll times are Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00)\n\nRecords\n\nResults\n\nReferences\n\nISSF Results Overview\nResults\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website\n\nWomen RT", "meta": {"title": "Shooting at the 2006 Asian Games \u2013 Women's 10 metre running target", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting%20at%20the%202006%20Asian%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%2010%20metre%20running%20target", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gerda Wegener w\u0142a\u015bciwie Gerda Marie Fredrikke Gottlieb (ur. 15 marca 1886 w Hammelev, zm. 28 lipca 1940 we Frederiksberg obecnie dzielnicy Kopenhagi) \u2013 du\u0144ska artystka, ilustratorka i malarka najbardziej znana z dzie\u0142 o zabarwieniu erotycznym. Tworzy\u0142a prace w stylu secesyjnym oraz w p\u00f3\u017aniejszych latach art d\u00e9co.\n\nM\u0142odo\u015b\u0107 \nGerda Wegener dorasta\u0142a na prowincji, w pobli\u017cu miasta Grenaa w centralnej Danii. W celu rozpocz\u0119cia nauki w Kr\u00f3lewskiej Du\u0144skiej Akademii Sztuk przeprowadzi\u0142a si\u0119 do Kopenhagi.\n\nW 1904 wysz\u0142a za m\u0105\u017c za swojego koleg\u0119 ze studi\u00f3w, Einara Wegenera. Oboje nale\u017celi do bohemy artystycznych \u015brodowisk W\u0142och i Francji.\n\nKariera \n\nPocz\u0105tkowo portrety Gerdy nie cieszy\u0142y si\u0119 szczeg\u00f3ln\u0105 popularno\u015bci\u0105. Wszystko zmieni\u0142o si\u0119 gdy poprosi\u0142a swojego m\u0119\u017ca by pozowa\u0142 dla niej w stroju kobiecym. Nieoczekiwanie Einar poczu\u0142 si\u0119 nad wyraz komfortowo w swej nowej roli i sta\u0142 si\u0119 dla swej \u017cony najlepsz\u0105 modelk\u0105 tzw. Lili.\n\nPortrety i erotyki Lili szybko sta\u0142y si\u0119 sukcesem, kt\u00f3ry wypromowa\u0142 Gerd\u0119 na \u015bwiatowych rynkach. Gdy w 1914 wysz\u0142o na jaw, \u017ce ta pi\u0119kna, elegencka modelka to w rzeczywisto\u015bci m\u0119\u017cczyzna dosz\u0142o do mi\u0119dzynarodowego skandalu w artystycznym p\u00f3\u0142\u015bwiatku.\n\nOstatecznie dosz\u0142o do anulowania ma\u0142\u017ce\u0144stwa Wegener\u00f3w, gdy Einar podda\u0142 si\u0119 pierwszej w historii udokumentowanej operacji korekty p\u0142ci. W wyniku komplikacji Lili Elbe, bo takie nowe imi\u0119 wybra\u0142 sobie Einar, zmar\u0142a jednak w rok po tym wydarzeniu w 1931.\n\nP\u00f3\u017aniejsze \u017cycie i \u015bmier\u0107 \nZrozpaczona po \u015bmierci Lili, Gerda po\u015blubi\u0142a w\u0142oskiego pilota i dyplomat\u0119 majora Fernando Porta, z kt\u00f3rym przeprowadzi\u0142a si\u0119 do Maroka.\n\nTworzy\u0142a do ko\u0144ca \u017cycia, lecz jej p\u00f3\u017aniejsze prace nie odnios\u0142y ju\u017c tak wielkich sukces\u00f3w. Zmar\u0142a w wieku 54 lat w lipcu 1940.\n\nOdniesienia w kulturze \nW 2015 powsta\u0142 film Dziewczyna z portetu (The Danish Girl) w re\u017cyserii Toma Hoopera, opowiadaj\u0105cy o jej zwi\u0105zku z Einarem. W g\u0142\u00f3wne role wcielili si\u0119 Alicia Vikander oraz Eddie Redmayne.\n\nBibliografia \n Lili Elbe, Man into woman: an authentic record of a change of sex, Jarrold Publisher\u2019s, Londyn, 1933\n Gerda Wegener, ed. Andrea Rygg Karberg, Arken Museum of Modern Art, 2015\n\nDu\u0144scy ilustratorzy\nDu\u0144scy malarze\nUrodzeni w 1886\nZmarli w 1940", "meta": {"title": "Gerda Wegener", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerda%20Wegener", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Saison 2016/17 war die 17. Spielzeit der Deutschen Sledge-Eishockey Liga. Die Saison startete am 19. November 2016 und endete am 12. M\u00e4rz 2017. Die Weserstars Bremen gewannen zum dritten Mal in Folge die Meisterschaft. Die Ice Lions Langenhagen belegten punktgleich den zweiten Platz, hatten aber das schlechtere Torverh\u00e4ltnis.\n\nTeilnehmer \nAm Spielbetrieb nahmen im Vergleich zum Vorjahr die gleichen Mannschaften teil, wobei die Spielgemeinschaft Preussen/Sachsen aufgel\u00f6st wurde und die Cardinals aus Dresden wieder allein antreten. Die SG Kamen/Wiehl trat in der Saison 2016/17 als SpG NRW an.\n Weserstars Bremen\n Cardinals Dresden\n SpG NRW\n Ice Lions Langenhagen\n\nModus \nDie vier teilnehmenden Mannschaften trugen die Spielzeit im Ligasystem als Doppelrunde aus, jedes Team spielte insgesamt 12 Mal und somit viermal gegen jede andere Mannschaft. F\u00fcr einen Sieg gab es drei Punkte. Bei einem Unentschieden folgte ein Penaltyschie\u00dfen. Der Sieger des Penaltyschie\u00dfens erhielt zwei Punkte, der unterlegenen Mannschaft wurde ein Z\u00e4hler gutgeschrieben.\n\nAbschlusstabelle \nAbk\u00fcrzungen: Sp = Spiele, S = Siege, SnP = Siege nach Penaltyschie\u00dfen, NnP = Niederlage nach Penaltyschie\u00dfen, N = Niederlagen, Pkt = Punkte\n\nWeblinks \n Saison 2016/17 im Archiv der Cardinals Dresden\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\n2016/17\nEishockeysaison 2016/17", "meta": {"title": "Deutsche Sledge-Eishockey Liga 2016/17", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche%20Sledge-Eishockey%20Liga%202016/17", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Off-site may refer to:\n\n Off-site data protection in data management\n Off-site art exhibit or off-site art show\n Off-site construction in building\n The Off-Site Source Recovery Project, a US radioactive materials recovery initiative", "meta": {"title": "Off-site", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-site", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 2010\u201311 season was the 131st season of competitive football by Rangers.\n\nOverview\nRangers played a total of 55 competitive matches during the 2010\u201311 season. With financial problems at the club ongoing, the summer began for Rangers with several players leaving the club. With a limited transfer budget and a small squad. Walter Smith had to decide whether to increase the number of playing staff or improve the starting eleven, he opted for quality.\n\nBoth sides of the Old Firm began the season with eight league wins in a row, however, with the sides meeting on matchday nine something had to give. Rangers claimed a 3\u20131 victory over Celtic and took early control of the league. A 1\u20131 draw at home to Inverness CT the following weekend ended Rangers 100% start to the season and a home defeat to Hibernian inflicted the team's first league defeat of the season, the first of five. The cold spell in the winter of 2010\u201311 saw many postponements and for long spells Rangers were behind Celtic but with games in hand. In the third league meeting between the Old Firm, Celtic came out on top and mathematical lead the table, for the first time that season. However Celtic's advantage was short lived after a loss to Motherwell the following week. This allowed Rangers to regain top spot, but 3\u20132 loss to Dundee United at Ibrox followed by a 0\u20130 draw in the final Old Firm fixture left the title in Celtic's hands, with just four matches remaining. There was to be a final twist in the league season, on 3 May Celtic lost a rearranged match away to Inverness and so with three matches remaining Rangers had a one-point lead. Smith's side went on to win all three fixtures, scoring 11 goals, and claimed the club's 54th league championship.\n\nIn the domestic cup competitions Rangers won the League Cup after beating Celtic 2-1 AET. However, Rangers lost 1\u20130 to Celtic in the fifth round replay in Scottish Cup. The match was marked by several incidents, three Rangers players were sent-off and Celtic manager Neil Lennon and McCoist were involved in a pitch side bust up.\n\nIn Europe, Rangers automatically qualified for the UEFA Champions League group stages for the second season in a row. They drew Manchester United, Valencia and Bursaspor. Rangers were unbeaten in their first three group stage games, with a 0\u20130 draw at Old Trafford, a 1\u20130 victory over Bursaspor at Ibrox and a 1\u20131 draw at home to Valencia. A 3\u20130 defeat in Spain to Valencia followed by a 1\u20130 loss at home to Manchester United ended Rangers chances of qualifying for the last 16, but third place and a spot in the UEFA Europa League was already secured with Bursaspor having failed to pick up a point in five games. In the last group match Rangers drew 1\u20131 in Turkey, giving Bursaspor their first Champions League point. However, Rangers did make it to the last 16 of the Europa League, beating Sporting Lisbon on away goals in the last 32 but lost to PSV Eindhoven on aggregate.\n\nOn 6 May 2011, it was confirmed that David Murray had sold his controlling interest in the club (85.3%) to Wavetower limited for \u00a31, a company owned by businessman Craig Whyte.\n\nPlayers\n\nSquad information\n\nTransfers\n\nIn\n\nTotal spending: \u00a35.95m\n\nOut\n\nTotal income: \u00a34.4m\n\nNew contracts\n\nSquad statistics\n\nTop scorers\n\nLast updated: 15 May 2011\nSource: Match reports\nOnly competitive matches\n\nDisciplinary record\n\nLast updated: 15 May 2011\nSource: Match reports\nOnly competitive matches\n\nClub\n\nBoard of directors\n\nCoaching staff\n\nOther staff\n\nMatches\n\nScottish Premier League\n\nUEFA Champions League\n\nUEFA Europa League\n\nScottish Cup\n\nLeague Cup\n\nFriendlies\n\nCompetitions\n\nOverall\n\nScottish Premier League\n\nStandings\n\nResults summary\n\nResults by round\n\nUEFA Champions League\n\nGroup C\n\nReferences \n\nRangers F.C. seasons\nRangers\nScottish football championship-winning seasons\nRangers\nRangers", "meta": {"title": "2010\u201311 Rangers F.C. season", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%E2%80%9311%20Rangers%20F.C.%20season", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jordan Connor Yuen (born 17 September 1991) is a Canadian actor. He plays Sweet Pea in the television series Riverdale. He has also appeared in Looking for Alaska, Hospital Show and Nurses.\n\nEarly life \nConnor was born in Calgary but moved to Vancouver when he was two years old. He grew up in Delta, located in the Greater Vancouver area. Connor's father was born in Canada and is mostly of Chinese descent, mixed with Vietnamese, Thai, Indonesian, Samoan and more. His mother is from Croatia. According to a DNA test he did, he also has Eastern European, Spanish, Greek, Italian, German and Native American roots. He has a brother, Brad, and a sister, Nicole.\n\nConnor said he knew he wanted to be an actor since he was around 10\u201311 years old. Connor attended Sands Secondary School, where he did theatre and played football. His first performance was in his school's production of Guys and Dolls. After receiving a football scholarship to the University of British Columbia, Connor put acting aside to focus on football while he was studying architecture. During a game at the end of his second year, Connor broke his leg when he was tackled, ending his football career. Bedridden and unable to walk for three months, Connor became depressed. After his leg healed, Connor found work as a stuntperson when the show Hellcats came to his football team seeking stuntpeople. Rediscovering his love for acting on the set, Connor continued doing stunt and background work for about a year.\n\nEventually, Connor left university to pursue acting more seriously. He began acting training at the Railtown Actors Studio in Vancouver. While training on and off for five years, Connor booked small parts and also worked in other jobs, including bartending at a restaurant, working for a marketing company and selling mobile phones. He also owned a theatre company with friends.\n\nCareer \nConnor's breakthrough role was as Sweet Pea in the television series Riverdale. Connor had auditioned for other characters such as Joaquin and Reggie before reading for Sweet Pea. First introduced in the show's second season (which premiered in October 2017), Connor was originally supposed to only have four episodes but his role was later expanded to a recurring role.\n\nIn March 2019, Connor was cast as Kevin in Looking for Alaska, a miniseries adaptation of John Green's novel. The series was released on Hulu on 18 October 2019. In 2019, Connor appeared in Hospital Show, a 10-part comedy web series which premiered on YouTube on 10 October 2019. In April 2020, Connor was one of the celebrity contestants in the first episode of RuPaul's Secret Celebrity Drag Race. Competing against Jermaine Fowler and Nico Tortorella, Connor won the episode, winning $30,000 for his charity of choice, Cystic Fibrosis Canada.\n\nIn August 2020, it was announced that Connor had joined the cast of Canadian medical drama series Nurses for its second season.\n\nPersonal life \nConnor and his long-term partner, Jinjara Mitchell, got engaged on 22 September 2018. They got married on 4 September 2021.\n\nFilmography\n\nFilms\n\nTelevision\n\nMusic videos\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\n1991 births\nLiving people\nCanadian male film actors\nCanadian male television actors\nUniversity of British Columbia Faculty of Applied Science alumni\nMale actors from Calgary\nCanadian male actors of Chinese descent\n21st-century Canadian male actors\nCanadian people of Croatian descent", "meta": {"title": "Jordan Connor", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan%20Connor", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0431\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0431\u043e\u043c \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u043e\u043b-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku. \u0412\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 24 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 2013 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043c Sony Music Entertainment Japan \u043b\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043b\u0435 Defstar Records.\n\n\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0439 \n\n(DVD \u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00abA\u00bb. \u041d\u0430 \u043d\u0451\u043c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e, \u043d\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043e\u043a\u0435-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.)\n\n(DVD \u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u0411\u00bb. \u041d\u0430 \u043d\u0451\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 40-\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0441 \u0435\u0451 \u0434\u0435\u0431\u044e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0436\u043e\u0440-\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435.)\n\n\u0427\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n \u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku\n\n\u0410\u043b\u044c\u0431\u043e\u043c\u044b Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku\n\u0410\u043b\u044c\u0431\u043e\u043c\u044b 2013 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\n\u0410\u043b\u044c\u0431\u043e\u043c\u044b Defstar Records\n\u0414\u0435\u0431\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0431\u043e\u043c\u044b 2013 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430", "meta": {"title": "Chunin", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chunin", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Groupe international d'experts sur les mati\u00e8res fissiles (IPFM), cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 2006, est un groupe d'experts nucl\u00e9aires ind\u00e9pendants de 17 pays : Br\u00e9sil, Canada, Chine, France, Allemagne, Inde, Iran, Japon, Mexique, Norv\u00e8ge, Pakistan, Cor\u00e9e du Sud, Russie, Afrique du Sud, Su\u00e8de, Royaume-Uni et \u00c9tats-Unis. Il entend faire progresser les initiatives internationales visant \u00e0 .\n\nLe groupe est copr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par Alexander Glaser et Zia Mian de l'Universit\u00e9 de Princeton et Tatsujiro Suzuki de l' Universit\u00e9 de Nagasaki, au Japon. Les autres membres incluent : Li Bin, Jos\u00e9 Goldemberg, Frank von Hippel, Pervez Hoodbhoy, Patricia Lewis, Abdul Hameed Nayyar, Seyed Hossein Mousavian, Ramamurti Rajaraman, MV Ramana et Mycle Schneider.\n\nLe groupe d'experts produit un rapport annuel sur les mati\u00e8res fissiles dans le monde qui r\u00e9sume les nouvelles informations sur les stocks et la production de mati\u00e8res fissiles dans le monde, ainsi que des rapports de recherche p\u00e9riodiques.\n\nVoir \u00e9galement \n\n Campagne internationale pour l'abolition des armes nucl\u00e9aires\n Bulletin des scientifiques atomiques\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nProlif\u00e9ration nucl\u00e9aire", "meta": {"title": "Panel international sur les mati\u00e8res fissiles", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panel%20international%20sur%20les%20mati%C3%A8res%20fissiles", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mister, Come Tomorrow is a 2015 short film directed by Shamas Nawab Siddiqui and produced by Nawazuddin Siddiqui. It is the debut film of the latter as producer. The film deals with the controversial Islamic practice of Nikah halala.\n\nPlot\nImtiaz divorces his wife in anger but soon realizes his mistake and wants her back. However, as per the Nikah Halala law, he can only get her back by marrying her to someone else who must consummate the marriage. So he arranges her marriage to someone else. But the day after the Nikah (Marriage) when Imtiaz goes to get his wife back, her new husband is not ready to divorce her as he wants to reap the benefits of this marriage. He fools Imtiaz by claiming that he hasn't consummated the marriage yet, and therefore Imtiaz cannot take his wife back. Imtiaz struggles daily to get his wife back.\n\nCast\nJai Hind Kumar\nManisha Marzare\nIlyas Khan\nMazuddin Siddiqui\n\nReactions\nThe film won 10 international awards and was well received by some by the Muslim community, especially women.\n\nThe film evoked an angry response from Islamic clerics like Maulana Arshad Farooqui, the chairman of Fatwa Online of Deoband, criticized Nawazuddin and said he didn't know Shariyat. Qazi Rohan of Madarsa Abibul Uloom, condemned Nawazuddin and his brother for questioning an Islamic practice despite being Muslim.\n\nShaista Amber, the head of the All India Muslim Women's Personal Law Board (AIMWPLB) was supportive of the movie and said, \"If the government supports me, I would like to screen this movie in villages where the community\u2019s women are exploited through misuse of such laws. In fact, the exploitation is nothing short of rape.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Miyan Kal Aana (Mister Come Tomorrow) on YouTube\n\n2016 films\nIndian short films", "meta": {"title": "Mister Come Tomorrow", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mister%20Come%20Tomorrow", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fran\u00e7ois Ayoub (* 11. Juli 1899 in Aleppo, Syrien; \u2020 2. Juni 1966) war ein syrischer  Erzbischof der  Maronitischen Kirche auf Zypern und in Syrien.\n\nLeben \nFran\u00e7ois Ayoub empfing am 16. Mai 1925 die Priesterweihe. Seine Ernennung zum Erzbischof von Zypern erfolgte am 28. November 1942. Der maronitische Patriarch von Antiochien, Anton Peter Arida, spendete ihm am 14. Februar 1943 die Bischofsweihe. Mitkonsekratoren waren Kurienbischof Abdallah Khoury, der Bischof von Baalbek, Elias Richa, Patriarchalvikar Elia Scedid, der Erzbischof von Aleppo, Michel Akhras, Weihbischof Pierre Feghali und der Erzbischof von Damaskus, Jean El-Hage.\n\n1950 war er Mitkonsekrator beim Patriarchen der Maronitischen Kirche, Erzbischof Anton Peter Khoraiche. Am 16. April 1954 wurde ihm das Amt des Erzbischofs von  Aleppo \u00fcbertragen, gleichzeitig wurde er zum Apostolischen Administrator von  Latakia berufen. Er war Teilnehmer an den vier Sitzungsperioden des  Zweiten Vatikanischen Konzils (1962\u20131965).\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n\nMaronitischer Bischof\nKonzilsvater (Zweites Vatikanisches Konzil)\nSyrer\nGeboren 1899\nGestorben 1966\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Fran\u00e7ois Ayoub", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ayoub", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sezon NHL 1949-1950 by\u0142 33. sezonem ligi NHL. Sze\u015b\u0107 zespo\u0142\u00f3w rozegra\u0142o po 70 mecz\u00f3w w sezonie zasadniczym. Puchar Stanleya zdoby\u0142a dru\u017cyna Detroit Red Wings.\n\nSezon zasadniczy \nM = Mecze, W = Wygrane, P = Przegrane, R = Remisy, PKT = Punkty, GZ = Gole Zdobyte, GS = Gole Stracone, KwM = Kary w minutach\n\nNajlepsi strzelcy\n\nPlayoffs\n\nP\u00f3\u0142fina\u0142y\n\nFina\u0142 Pucharu Stanleya\n\nNagrody \n\nSezony NHL\n1949 w hokeju na lodzie\n1950 w hokeju na lodzie", "meta": {"title": "NHL (1949/1950)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHL%20%281949/1950%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "G\u00f6khan Kardes (Beverlo, 15 mei 1997) is een Turks-Belgisch voetballer die doorgaans als centrale verdediger speelt. Hij verruilde Beerschot Wilrijk in juli 2019 voor Erzurumspor.\n\nCarri\u00e8re \nKardes begon met voetballen bij Turkse FC in Beringen en werd in 2005 opgenomen in de jeugdopleiding van PSV. Daar doorliep hij vervolgens alle jeugdelftallen. Kardes debuteerde op 8 augustus 2016 in het betaald voetbal. Die dag speelde hij met Jong PSV een wedstrijd in de Eerste divisie thuis tegen FC Den Bosch (5\u20134 winst). Hij viel daarbij na 67 minuten in voor Sam Lammers. Vier dagen later speelde Kardes zijn tweede wedstrijd, tegen SC Cambuur.\n\nNa een uitleenbeurt aan de Roemeense eersteklasser Juventus Boekarest maakte hij in de zomer van 2018 de definitieve overstap naar KFCO Beerschot Wilrijk. Lang bleef hij daar niet voetballen, want na een half seizoen waarin hij amper een wedstrijd speelde stuurde de club hem op uitleenbeurt naar de Turkse tweedeklasser Afjet Afyonspor. Na de degradatie van de club naar de TFF 2. Lig maakte Kardes de definitieve overstap naar Erzurumspor, dat op zijn beurt van de S\u00fcper Lig naar de TFF 1. Lig was gezakt.\n\nClubstatistieken \n\nBijgewerkt t/m 23 mei 2020\n\nTurks voetballer\nBelgisch voetballer", "meta": {"title": "G\u00f6khan Kardes", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6khan%20Kardes", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Walthourville \u2013 miasto w Stanach Zjednoczonych, w stanie Georgia, w hrabstwie Liberty.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nMiasta w stanie Georgia", "meta": {"title": "Walthourville", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walthourville", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tr\u00e9mery (; ) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.\n\nEconomy\n Usine PSA de Tr\u00e9mery (PSA factory of Tr\u00e9mery), the biggest diesel engine factory in the world.\n\nNotable citizens\nJean-Marie Pirot, known as Arcabas, contemporary sacred artist.\n\nSee also\n Communes of the Moselle department\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nCommunes of Moselle (department)", "meta": {"title": "Tr\u00e9mery", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A9mery", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Eooxylides meduana is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1869. It is found in the Philippines (Mindanao, Bohol, Panaon).\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n, 1986. Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part III Lycaenidae & Riodinidae: pp.\u00a0536\u2013672. Melbourne.\n, 1912. Ubersicht der Lycaeniden des Indo-Australischen Gebiets. Begr\u00fcndet auf die Ausbeute und die Sammlung des . Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 56(3/4): 197-272, 4 figs.\n, 1863\u20131878. Illustrations of diurnal Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae. London, van Vorst, x + 229 pp. Text Plates.\n, 1974. Butterflies of the World xvi + 104pp., 208 pls. Harrap, London.\n\n, 1995. Checklist of the butterflies of the Philippine Islands (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo Suppl. 14: 7\u2013118.\n & , 2012. Revised checklist of the butterflies of the Philippine Islands (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo 32 Suppl. 20, 64pp.\n\nEooxylides\nButterflies described in 1869\nButterflies of Asia\nTaxa named by William Chapman Hewitson", "meta": {"title": "Eooxylides meduana", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eooxylides%20meduana", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Il Tour de l'Ain 2005, diciassettesima edizione della corsa, si svolse dal 7 al 10 agosto 2005 su un percorso di 578\u00a0km ripartiti in 4 tappe, con partenza da Saint-Vulbas e arrivo a L\u00e9lex. Fu vinto dal francese Carl Naibo della Bretagne-Jean Floc'h davanti ai suoi connazionali Ludovic Turpin e Samuel Plouhinec.\n\nTappe\n\nDettagli delle tappe\n\n1\u00aa tappa \n 7 agosto: Saint-Vulbas > Lagnieu \u2013 147\u00a0km\n\n2\u00aa tappa \n 8 agosto: Pont-d'Ain > Ceyz\u00e9riat \u2013 165\u00a0km\n\n3\u00aa tappa \n 9 agosto: Belley > Grand Colombier \u2013 140\u00a0km\n\n4\u00aa tappa \n 10 agosto: Saint-Genis-Pouilly > L\u00e9lex \u2013 126\u00a0km\n\nClassifiche finali\n\nClassifica generale\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n\nTour de l'Ain\nCiclismo nel 2005", "meta": {"title": "Tour de l'Ain 2005", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour%20de%20l%27Ain%202005", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "EXID's Showtime is a South Korean documentary starring the popular girl group EXID. It is the fifth season of the South Korean reality show series, Showtime.\n\nBackground \nEXID's Showtime is a reality TV show that allows the fans to see behind-the-scenes of EXID's daily lives.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nSouth Korean reality television series\nEXID", "meta": {"title": "EXID's Showtime", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EXID%27s%20Showtime", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Ranger is one of the standard playable character classes in most editions of the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. Rangers are skilled bushcraftsmen/woodcraftsmen, and often lived reclusive lives as hermits.\n\nPublication history\n\nCreative origins\nThe ranger was primarily based on the character Aragorn, and the Rangers of the North of J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth mythos, as warriors who use tracking and other wilderness skills to hunt down their enemies. The AD&D second edition handbook mentions several other inspirations from myth and legend, such as Robin Hood, Jack the Giant Killer, the huntress Diana, and the Greek hero Orion. Other notable rangers in the literature of Dungeons & Dragons include Hank from the cartoon series, King Tristan Kendrick from Forgotten Realms, and Ren from Pool of Radiance.\n\nOriginal Dungeons & Dragons\nThe ranger was introduced in The Strategic Review volume 1, number 2.\n\nAdvanced Dungeons & Dragons 1st edition\nThe ranger was one of the standard character-classes available in the original Player's Handbook, one of five subclasses. The first edition rangers were a subtype of the fighters, using any weapon and wearing any armor, but they gained extra attacks at a slower rate than fighters and paladins. Unlike other warriors, the ranger used d8 hit dice instead of d10s, but had a second hit die at 1st level and maxed out at 11 hit dice instead of nine. Rangers also had extensive tracking abilities, based on a percentage score, and were able to surprise opponents on a roll of 1\u20133 on a d6 (rather than a 1\u20132) while they themselves could only be surprised on a 1. Rangers gained limited spell use at level 8, acquiring 1st\u20133rd level druid spells and 1st and 2nd level magic-user spells (two per level maximum). Rangers were most effective when fighting giants and humanoids (such as orcs), gaining a +1 to damage per level against these opponents.\n\nHigh level rangers gained followers, ranging in type and power from classed player-character races, to creatures such as pegasus mounts, pseudodragons, werebears, copper dragons and storm giants. As a general rule, the fewer followers a ranger gained (based on random dice rolls) the more powerful each individual follower was. Rangers were required to be of good alignment, and were initially limited to humans and half-elves.  The only multi-class option open to rangers was the ranger/cleric, allowed to half-elves.\n\nBasic Dungeons & Dragons\nThe ranger was not available as a character class in the game's \"Basic\" edition. However, the Best of Dragon Magazine volumes 2\u20133 contained variant rules for rangers for this version, including spell lists, henchmen, and tracking ability.\n\nAdvanced Dungeons & Dragons 2nd Edition\nRangers went through several changes in the 2nd edition. Their hit dice were changed to match fighters and paladins. Rangers could still wear any armor, but several of their new abilities required the use of light armor, including the skill to use two weapons without penalty and the thief-like abilities of move-silently and hide-in-shadows. The class retained its tracking abilities but the ability was based on a skill check instead of a percentage roll. Rangers also gained an animal empathy ability which allowed them to calm frightened or hostile animals. Instead of gaining a damage bonus against all giant and humanoid monsters, the ranger focused on a specific creature, which did not have to be of giant or humanoid stock. The class's spell abilities were also limited to 1st\u20133rd level priest spells from the plant and animal spheres. Higher level rangers could recruit various woodland animals, mythical creatures (such as the treant, pegasus, and pixie), and classed characters including druids, clerics, or other rangers as followers.\n\nAlthough Rangers were generally Good-aligned, an evil version was featured with the Paka, a race of shape-shifting feline humanoids native to Ravenloft who are hostile to mankind.\n\nDungeons & Dragons 3rd edition\nThe 3rd edition of Dungeons & Dragons saw more changes to the ranger. The species enemy was now called favored enemy, and the ranger was allowed to select additional enemies during advancement. The class retained its spellcasting ability, but gained it much earlier, and had its own spell list. The nature of the ranger's companions also changed significantly. Instead of gaining multiple followers the ranger gained a single animal companion, and at an earlier level than in previous editions. The race and alignment restrictions of the earlier editions were dropped, allowing evil rangers for the first time.\n\nDungeons & Dragons 4th edition\nRangers in the 4th edition retained their ability to specialize in archery or two weapon fighting. Rangers had the striker role, specializing in single-target damage, as well as mobility. They had the martial power source, and, like all martial classes, their powers were called exploits. Their special abilities made them better suited to hit and run tactics and focusing on a single opponent. Other abilities allowed the ranger to aid his companions with skill checks and avoiding ambushes.\n\nDungeons & Dragons Essentials\nThe Essentials rulebook Heroes of the Forgotten Kingdoms presented two alternate versions of the ranger, the hunter and the scout. The hunter focused on ranged attacks, while the scout focused on melee attacks.\n\nDungeons & Dragons 5th edition\nThe ranger was included as a character class in the 5th edition Player's Handbook (2014). Rangers are a half caster class in 5th edition, gaining limited spellcasting. Their features and spells focus on exploration, survival skills, and tracking foes. At third level, players chose from one of two ranger archetypes: the Hunter, and the Beast Master. The hunter archetype gains combative capabilities, while the beast master gains an animal companion to control. Several sourcebooks since the launch of 5th edition have expanded the number of ranger archetype options. Xanathar's Guide to Everything (2017) added three more ranger archetypes: the Gloom Stalker, Horizon Walker and Monster Slayer. The Gloom Stalker focuses upon hiding in areas of low light, the Horizon Walker gains access to certain teleportation features, and the Monster Slayer becomes adept at attacking certain studied foes. Tasha's Cauldron of Everything (2020) added two more archetypes: Fey Wanderer and Swarmkeeper.\n\nIn 2016, due to criticisms of the ranger as presented in the Player's Handbook (2014), the \"Revised Ranger\" class was released as part of the Unearthed Arcana playtest. This playtest version \"made some of the ranger's core abilities easier to use and specifically fixed how a ranger uses its animal companion, giving a ranger the animal at Level 3 and allowing a ranger to attack with both its weapon and the animal on the same turn\". However, this new version of the class is not legal for organized play such as in the Adventurer's League. Since the release of the \"Revised Ranger\", Jeremy Crawford, Co-Lead Designer of the 5th Edition, has reiterated multiple times that there no plans to release an official alternate version of the class. In November 2019, Wizards of the Coast released a new Unearthed Arcana titled Class Feature Variants, which added additional class features for all classes including the Ranger. These new class feature variants where introduced in 2020, with the release of Tasha's Cauldron of Everything, as optional rules, including an optional revision of the Beastmaster's companion feature.\n\nOne D&D\nPlaytesting for the next version of Ranger was announced. In September 2022, they released the Unearthed Arcana 2022 - Expert Classes playtest material for One D&D which included rules for playing a Ranger up to level 20, as well as the Hunter subclass.\n\nReception \nScreen Rant rated the ranger class as the least powerful class of the base 12 character classes in the 5th edition. \"The reason this class gets the lowest ranking is because it forces players to be kind of specific. Being able to have a favored enemy and terrain is kind of cool because the character gets all sorts of bonuses, but if the Ranger is good, say, in the Underdark fighting aberrations, but the DM has set the adventure in a desert ruin somewhere, well, those bonuses won't do much good. That being said, the Revised Ranger stats help balance this out a little bit. Players don't have to be as specific, but still\".\n\nIn 2018, Christian Hoffer, for ComicBook, wrote that \"many current D&D fans believe that the ranger class is the weakest in the game, due to a combination of poor class-specific abilities and weak damage output. The 'Beast Master' ranger subclass is the most criticized version of the ranger [...]. While not official, many fans preferred the Revised Ranger to the original Ranger class found in the Player's Handbook\". Hoffer also highlighted Crawford's reiteration that the ranger class would not change and wrote \"surprisingly, Crawford's comment became the flashpoint for tons of D&D debate over the weekend on various boards and forums, with players debating the merits of the core Ranger class and the revisions seemingly discarded by the D&D team. [...] Unless you're playing in an Adventurer's League game, it's ultimately up to the DM whether or not you can use the Revised Ranger rules. Homebrewing is extremely common in Dungeons & Dragons, and there's nothing stopping home games from using a Revised Ranger to their heart's content\". \n\nIn 2019, Jeremy Thomas, for 411Mania, wrote that \"the Ranger has long been a source of criticism for D&D players in Fifth Edition, who have argued that the Beast Master subclass in particular is underpowered. Wizards even released a Revised Ranger class, which would potentially be an optional take on the class and not replace the core version\". \n\nThe Gamer rated the 5th edition ranger subclass Horizon Walker as the 8th most awesome subclass out of the 32 new character options in Xanathar\u2019s Guide to Everything.\n\nGus Wezerek, for FiveThirtyEight, reported that of the 5th edition \"class and race combinations per 100,000 characters that players created on D&D Beyond from\" August 15 to September 15, 2017, rangers were the 6th most created at 8,887 total. Elf (3,076) was the most common racial combination followed by human (1,715) and then half-elf (891). Elf ranger was the second most created character out of all the class and race combinations.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\n Advanced Dungeons & Dragons First Edition Player's Handbook\n Advanced Dungeons & Dragons Second Edition Player's Handbook\n The Complete Fighter's Handbook\n The Complete Ranger's Handbook\n Dungeons & Dragons Third Edition Player's Handbook\n Dungeons & Dragons Fourth Edition Player's Handbook\n The Quintessential Ranger (Mongoose Publishing)\n The Quintessential Ranger II: Advanced Tactics (Mongoose Publishing)\n\nExternal links\n D&D Wiki has all the SRD Classes, along with the Ranger.\n\nDungeons & Dragons character classes\n\nhe:\u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d1\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d3\u05e8\u05e7\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd", "meta": {"title": "Ranger (Dungeons & Dragons)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranger%20%28Dungeons%20%26%20Dragons%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Light Steam Power was a magazine dedicated to amateur and small-scale interest in steam power. Its masthead for some years described itself as, \"Authentic World News on Steam Power for Cars, Launches and Small Stationary Units\".\n\nPublishing history \nThe magazine was self-published by its editor John Ness Walton of Kirk Michael, Isle of Man. It began when he took over an earlier magazine, Steam Car Developments and Steam Marine Motors in 1945, renaming this in 1949. For most of its existence it was published bi-monthly, although the first and last volumes were published at three- and four-month intervals.\nIn its last years, from 1977 it changed its name to Steam Power and re-located to Loughborough. The magazine continued under this name until 1981.\n\nIn more recent years, there was a website maintaining the magazine's archives, but this has now gone. In 2009 an agreement was made with the National Steam Car Association for them to hold the rights to Light Steam Power and other Walton publications. Mr. Walton died March 19, 2013, aged 91.\n\nCoverage\nThe two main applications of steam power covered were steam cars and small steam launches. Much of the magazine's content was influenced, if not indeed written, by skilled and enthusiastic amateurs describing their own projects and so their choice of these projects influenced the magazine's own direction. Steam turbines and large steamships were less frequent, being beyond the constructional capacity of most readers, but they were described as news items when particularly interesting events took place. One aspect that oddly was only lightly covered was the use of steam on railways, unusually so as the magazine's heyday coincided with the demise of mainline steam but with increasing interest in the railway and steam preservation movements.\n\nThe magazine covered a broad range of topics within 'steam power', often at a far more advanced level than contemporary railway and steam locomotive practice. Low-water-content water-tube boilers were commonplace and even monotube steam generators and uniflow engines were regular features. Although the terms were not yet in use, these technical features coincided with increased recognition of the Advanced Steam Technology and Modern Steam movement.\n\nCoverage was always worldwide and international, even though this was unusual for any magazine at this time, let alone a small independent. Many articles were provided by Australian and Canadian builders.\n\nOther content \nAs well as the magazine content, it also included advertisements for other services from J.N. Walton such as engineering drawings for a range of related machinery, also castings for its construction. Walton also supplied the 'KleenHeet' waste oil burner.\n\nSimilar publications \nFrom 1965 a US publication, Steam Calliope: A Voice for the Steam Automobile was published in Panorama City, California by mechanical engineer Thomas P. Hall. It originated news and published clippings for western members of the Steam Automobile Club of America.\n\nThe Steam Automobile was the quarterly publication of the Steam Automobile Club of America and was published from 1959 to 1986.\nSteam Power was the quarterly of the Steam Power Club, a spinoff of the SACA in California. Its last issues were named Ssssteam. \n\nThe Steam Automobile Bulletin began in 1986 following a shift of editorial material to a commercial magazine. It continues as a bimonthly with anything technical and historic on steam between toys and locomotives, including steam cars.\n\nSee also \n Edward Pritchard, Australian engineer of light steam power\n\nReferences \n\nHobby magazines published in the United Kingdom\nEnergy magazines\nIndependent magazines\nDefunct magazines published in the United Kingdom\nMagazines established in 1949\nMagazines disestablished in 1981\n1949 establishments in the United Kingdom\n1981 disestablishments in the United Kingdom\nSteam power\nLive steam", "meta": {"title": "Light Steam Power", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light%20Steam%20Power", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Edith Oravez, eig. Oravecz (21. M\u00e4rz 1920 in Budapest \u2013 10. November 2013 in Z\u00fcrich) war eine Schweizer Operns\u00e4ngerin ungarischer Herkunft.\n\nLeben und Werk \nEdith Oravez studierte an der Franz-Liszt-Musikakademie in Budapest. Sie setzte ihre Studien fort bei Salvatore Salvati in Basel sowie bei Margarethe Haeser und Armin Weltner in Z\u00fcrich. 1948 deb\u00fctierte sie am Stadttheater Z\u00fcrich und geh\u00f6rte in der Folge f\u00fcnf Jahre lang als Soubrette f\u00fcr Oper und Operette dessen Ensemble an. Sie war als Cherubino, Zerlina und Papagena in Mozart-Opern zu sehen und zu h\u00f6ren, als Marzelline in Beethovens Fidelio, als Bianca in Hermann Goetz\u2019 Der Widerspenstigen Z\u00e4hmung, als Marie in Lortzings Waffenschmied und als Musetta in Puccinis La Boh\u00e8me. Zu ihren Operettenpartien z\u00e4hlten die Arsena im Zigeunerbaron, die Valencienne in der Lustigen Witwe und die Bronislawa im Bettelstudenten. Die S\u00e4ngerin war in Z\u00fcrich auch in mehreren Werken zeitgen\u00f6ssischer Komponisten vertreten, beispielsweise als Leonore in Othmar Schoecks Don Ranudo und in f\u00fcnf Schweizer Erstauff\u00fchrungen \u2013 in der Spielzeit 1948\u20131949 als Lucy in Menottis The Telephone und als Enfant in Ravels L\u2019enfant et les sortil\u00e8ges, in der Spielzeit 1950\u20131951 in Brittens Let\u2019s Make an Opera und als Marie-Luise in Kod\u00e1lys H\u00e1ry J\u00e1nos sowie bei den Juni-Festwochen 1953 als Elsbeth in Richard Strauss\u2019 fr\u00fcher Oper Feuersnot.\n\nBereits 1949 deb\u00fctierte die S\u00e4ngerin bei den Salzburger Festspielen, als Papagena in einer von Oscar Fritz Schuh inszenierten und von Wilhelm Furtw\u00e4ngler dirigierten Zauberfl\u00f6ten-Premiere. Nach ihrem Z\u00fcrcher Engagement war die K\u00fcnstlerin freiberuflich an zahlreichen europ\u00e4ischen B\u00fchnen verpflichtet. Mit einer Salzburger Operntruppe unternahm sie 1956 unter Bernhard Paumgartner eine Europa-Tournee mit Mozarts La finta semplice. In der Spielzeit 1956\u201357 sang sie am Stadttheater Bern, 1960 gastierte sie als Cherubino an De Nationale Opera in Amsterdam und am Opernhaus Z\u00fcrich. Weitere Verpflichtungen f\u00fchrten sie nach Br\u00fcssel, London und Wien, zu den Schwetzinger Festspielen, an das Teatro San Carlo in Neapel, nach Palermo und Reggio Emilia sowie an der Op\u00e9ra national du Rhin in Stra\u00dfburg. Mit dem Ensemble der Staatsoper Wien gastierte sie beim Festival von Osaka und in Tokio.\n\nEdith Oravez trat auch als Konzerts\u00e4ngerin auf. Beispielsweise war sie bei den Salzburger Festspielen von 1953 bis 1960 allj\u00e4hrlich in Konzerten zu h\u00f6ren, in Haydns Sch\u00f6pfung, in Beethovens Christus am \u00d6lberg sowie in zahlreichen Werken Mozarts. Sie machte sich auch um die Verbreitung der Werke von Bela Bart\u00f3k und Zolt\u00e1n Kod\u00e1ly verdient. Sie setzte ihre Konzertt\u00e4tigkeit bis 1972 fort. Es gab diverse Schallplatteneinspielungen und Radioverpflichtungen.\n\nDie S\u00e4ngerin war mit dem Rechtsanwalt Hans Sulzer (1904\u20131986) verheiratet, der von 1963 bis 1981 als Verwaltungsratspr\u00e4sident des Opernhauses Z\u00fcrich fungierte.\n\nTondokumente \n Mozart: Die Zauberfl\u00f6te, 1949 \u2013 Wilhelm Furtw\u00e4ngler (Dirigent), Wiener Philharmoniker, Wiener Staatsopernchor. Mit Walther Ludwig, Irmgard Seefried (Pamina), Josef Greindl, Wilma Lipp (K\u00f6nigin der Nacht), Karl Schmitt-Walter, Edith Oravez (Papagena), Gertrude Grob-Prandl, Paul Sch\u00f6ffler, Ernst Haefliger und Hermann Uhde. Aufzeichnung einer Auff\u00fchrung der Salzburger Festspiele am 27. Juli 1949, CD (3): Orfeo C650053D, ver\u00f6ffentlicht September 2005\n Mozart: Cos\u00ec fan tutte, 1953 \u2013 Hans Schmidt-Isserstedt, NDR-Sinfonieorchester, Chor des NDR, mit Suzanne Danco, Ira Malaniuk, Edith Oravez (Despina), Rudolf Schock, Horst G\u00fcnter und Benno Kusche. Relief/Musikwelt CD\n Mozart: La finta semplice, 1956 \u2013 Bernhard Paumgartner (Dirigent), Mozarteumorchester Salzburg, mit George Maran (Fracasso), Dorothea Siebert (Rosina), Edith Oravez (Giacinta), Karin K\u00fcster (Ninetta), August Jaresch (Don Polidoro), Alois Pernerstorfer (Don Cassandro), Walter Rahninger (Simone). Studio-Aufnahme; gek\u00fcrzt. Philips LP: 6747 388 (8 LPs)\n\nQuellen \n Ringger, Rolf Urs: E. O. In: Zelger-Vogt, Marianne/Honegger, Andreas: Stadttheater \u2013 Opernhaus, 1991\n Theaterlexikon der Schweiz\n Merker Online, anl\u00e4\u00dflich des 100. Geburtstages der S\u00e4ngerin\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nOperns\u00e4nger\nSchweizer\nUngar\nGeboren 1920\nGestorben 2013\nFrau", "meta": {"title": "Edith Oravez", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith%20Oravez", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0420\u0430\u043c\u0437\u0430\u0439 () \u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0440 (\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430).\n\n\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0435 \u043d\u0430 19 \u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0432\u0440\u0438 (7 \u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0432\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b) 1834 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0432 \u0412\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0448\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0445\u043e\u0434. \u0417\u0430\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0448\u0432\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438 \u0432 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0432 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 1877 \u2013 1878 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0439\u0431\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u0421\u0435\u043c\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0439\u0431\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a, \u043e\u0442 1880 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0420\u0430\u043c\u0437\u0430\u0439 \u0443\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 5 \u044e\u043b\u0438 1918 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0437\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438.\n\n\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\n\u0424\u0438\u043d\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0449\u0438\n\u0412\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0446\u0438\n\u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0432 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 (1877 \u2013 1878)", "meta": {"title": "\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0420\u0430\u043c\u0437\u0430\u0439", "url": "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%20%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%20%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9", "language": "bg", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cheritra regia \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Evans 1925. Cheritra regia ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Cheritra och familjen juvelvingar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nJuvelvingar\nregia", "meta": {"title": "Cheritra regia", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheritra%20regia", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Der Baron von M\u00fcnchhausen (Originaltitel: Les Fabuleuses Aventures du l\u00e9gendaire baron de M\u00fcnchhausen) ist ein franz\u00f6sischer Zeichentrickfilm von Jean Image aus dem Jahr 1979 basierend auf Erz\u00e4hlungen Gottfried August B\u00fcrgers. Die Alternativtitel lauten Der tollk\u00fchne L\u00fcgenbaron \u2013 M\u00fcnchhausen und seine listigen Streiche sowie Die wundersamen Abenteuer des legend\u00e4ren Baron M\u00fcnchhausen.\n\nHandlung \nBaron M\u00fcnchhausen, im Schloss seiner Vorfahren lebend, sitzt mit seinen Freunden an seiner Tafel und erz\u00e4hlt wieder einmal einige seiner fabelhaften Geschichten. So h\u00e4tte er einst einen Schwarm Wildenten mit einer Leine, an der K\u00f6der befestigt waren,\ngefangen. Dabei sei er jedoch vom Schwarm zeitweilig in L\u00fcfte gehoben worden. An einem anderen Tag sei er erfolgreich einem Hasen nachgejagt, der dank seiner acht Pfoten beim Laufen nicht erm\u00fcdete.\n\nAls unvermittelt ein Bote des K\u00f6nigs dem Baron eine Nachricht \u00fcberbringt, er solle dem Pascha von Trukesban ein Geschenk \u00fcberbringen, reist er sofort ab. Auf seiner Reise findet er f\u00fcnf neue Freunde, die ihn auf seiner restlichen Reise begleiten: Sausebraus, der schneller als ein Pferd laufen kann, Bizeps, ein Mann mit Riesenkr\u00e4ften, Blasius, der Windm\u00fchlen mit seiner Puste betreiben kann, Tele, ein J\u00e4ger mit besonders guten Augen, und Horch, der das Gras wachsen h\u00f6rt.\n\nAuf seiner Reise besteht er ein paar kleine Abenteuer, darunter ein weiteres Jagdabenteuer. Er schie\u00dft einem Hirsch an Stelle von Schrot Kirschkerne in die Stirn und zugleich w\u00e4chst diesem ein Kirschbaum aus der Stirn, wodurch der Hirsch beim Laufen behindert wird. Beim Pascha angekommen, \u00fcberbringt er das Geschenk, ein Ball-Spielzeug.\n\nZu Ehren des Barons wird eine kleine Feierlichkeit gegeben. Dabei kommt es zu einer Wette. Der Baron behauptet, dass er dem Pascha innerhalb einer Stunde einen h\u00f6chst k\u00f6stlichen Wein aus seinem Schloss, einen Tokaya, servieren werde, der besser als der Wein des Paschas sei. Der Pascha verspricht dem Baron, sollte dies klappen, so viel Gold wie ein einzelner Mann tragen k\u00f6nne. Mit der Hilfe von Sausebraus, der geschwind die Flasche heranholt, gewinnt der Baron die Wette. Der Baron geht mit Bizeps in die Schatzkammer des Paschas und dieser tr\u00e4gt eigenh\u00e4ndig in einem gro\u00dfen Sack den Schatz fort. Die Orientalen f\u00fchlen sich jedoch betrogen und versuchen den Freunden ohne Erfolg nachzujagen.\n\nNachdem der Baron den Schatz karitativen Zwecken zugef\u00fchrt und sich von seinen neuen Freunden getrennt hat, wird er jedoch, noch vor der eigentlichen Heimfahrt, von Orientalen festgenommen und in den Kerker einer Festung geworfen. Als die Festung mittels Kanonen angegriffen wird, kann er sich durch einen Ritt auf einer Kanonenkugel befreien. Er rettet sich auf eine Wolke, wo er sogleich einschl\u00e4ft. W\u00e4hrend er schl\u00e4ft, schrumpft die Wolke und er f\u00e4llt in die Tiefen des Meeres. Dort lernt er eine h\u00fcbsche Meerjungfrau namens Sirena kennen. Da er aber unter Wasser nicht dauerhaft \u00fcberleben kann, wird er an die Wasseroberfl\u00e4che gebracht, wo er auf einem Flo\u00df von einem gro\u00dfen Segelschiff gerettet wird. Bald darauf wird das Schiff von einem gro\u00dfen Wal verschluckt. Im Bauch des Wals sind noch andere Schiffe gefangen. Auf einem dieser Schiffe befindet sich Blasius. Der Baron l\u00e4sst die Schiffe mit Tauen in Reihe verbinden, sodass sie bereit sind, sich gegenseitig abzuschleppen. Er weist Blasius an, in die Segel der Schiffe zu blasen. Aufgrund der K\u00e4lte des Windes in seinem Rachen \u00f6ffnet der Wal, das Maul. Die Schiffe sind befreit.\n\nDie Seeleute des Schiffs, auf dem sich der Baron befindet, feiern freudig ihre Befreiung. Aber das Fest wird durch den \u00dcberfall riesiger Geier unterbrochen. Von diesen werden die Seeleute verschleppt. Der Baron wird von den V\u00f6geln vor Gericht gestellt. Wegen der Grausamkeit der Menschen gegen\u00fcber den V\u00f6geln wird er als Exempel verurteilt. Er wird in einen Krater geworfen. Dank des ausbrechenden Vulkans kann er auf dem ausgespuckten Ger\u00f6ll erneut in die L\u00fcfte entkommen, wo er vom Ballon fahrenden Blasius gerettet wird. Dieser hat seine Nichte, die h\u00fcbsche Irena, die starke \u00c4hnlichkeit mit der Meerjungfrau hat, dabei. \u00dcber seinem Schloss bringt der Baron den Ballon, mittels seines Degens, zum Platzen. Der Baron f\u00e4llt und landet auf dem leeren Stuhl, inmitten seiner Tafel, wo seine Freunde, denen er die Geschichte soeben erz\u00e4hlt hat, auf ihn warten. Der Baron, noch ganz in seinen Tr\u00e4umen versunken, gesteht sich selbst ein, dass wohl alles nur in seiner Fantasie geschehen ist.\n\nHintergrund \nDer Film hatte am 24. Oktober 1979 in Frankreich seine Premiere. Der Film gewann auf dem Internationalen Filmfestival Moskau einen Preis. F\u00fcr die deutsche Synchronisation sprach Harald Juhnke den Baron. In der DDR wurde der Film unter dem Namen Der tollk\u00fchne L\u00fcgenbaron \u2013 M\u00fcnchhausen und seine listigen Streiche ver\u00f6ffentlicht. Der Film wurde mehrfach im deutschen Fernsehen gezeigt und in Deutschland zudem unter dem Titel Der Baron von M\u00fcnchhausen auf VHS ver\u00f6ffentlicht.\n\n1984 erschien eine Fortsetzung mit dem Titel M\u00fcnchhausens Abenteuer auf dem Mond.\n\nKritik \nDas Lexikon des internationalen Films urteilte: \u201eZeichentrickfilm [\u2026], der sich in der Art von Trickfilm-Fernsehserien auf eine infantile Action-Dramaturgie verl\u00e4\u00dft. Der r\u00fcde Dialog dr\u00fcckt das Niveau zus\u00e4tzlich. Einen Gebrauchswert als Fantasie-Anreger f\u00fcr Kinder hat der Film nicht.\u201c\n\nSynchronisation\n\nWeblinks \n \n Daten und Kinoplakat zum Film auf encyclocine.com (franz\u00f6sisch)\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nFilmtitel 1979\nFranz\u00f6sischer Film\nZeichentrickfilm\nFantasyfilm\nAbenteuerfilm\nFilmkom\u00f6die\nBaron M\u00fcnchhausen", "meta": {"title": "Der Baron von M\u00fcnchhausen", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der%20Baron%20von%20M%C3%BCnchhausen", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "En droit de la famille qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, les droits d'acc\u00e8s permettent de conserver un lien avec l\u2019enfant pour le parent qui n'a pas la garde. On peut contraster les droits d'acc\u00e8s avec la garde exclusive et la garde partag\u00e9e.\n\nLe crit\u00e8re principal pour obtenir des droits d\u2019acc\u00e8s est l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de l\u2019enfant. L\u2019art. 33 C.c.Q. d\u00e9clare \u00e0 cet effet que : \u00ab Les d\u00e9cisions concernant l'enfant doivent \u00eatre prises dans son int\u00e9r\u00eat et dans le respect de ses droits. Sont pris en consid\u00e9ration, outre les besoins moraux, intellectuels, affectifs et physiques de l'enfant, son \u00e2ge, sa sant\u00e9, son caract\u00e8re, son milieu familial et les autres aspects de sa situation. \u00bb\n\nDans les d\u00e9cisions relatives aux droits d'acc\u00e8s, les tribunaux tiennent aussi compte de la parole de l\u2019enfant \u00e0 l\u2019art. 34 C.c.Q, pourvu que celui-ci ait atteint l\u2019\u00e2ge de la raison.\n\nLes tiers qui tiennent lieu de parent (in loco parentis) (comme par ex. l'ex-copine d'un homme ayant eu un enfant dans un mariage pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent)  doivent historiquement surmonter des crit\u00e8res jurisprudentiels tr\u00e8s restrictifs pour obtenir la garde exclusive, car il s'agit alors de renverser la pr\u00e9somption qui veut qu'un parent est mieux en mesure d'assurer le bien\u2011\u00eatre de son enfant, donc il peut \u00eatre plus facile pour eux d'obtenir les droits d'acc\u00e8s plut\u00f4t que la garde.\n\nBibliographie \n Marie-Christine KIROUACK, \u00ab La jurisprudence relative \u00e0 la garde : o\u00f9 en sommes-nous rendus?\u00bb, dans S.F.P.B.Q., D\u00e9veloppements r\u00e9cents en droit familial (2007), Cowansville, \u00c9ditions Yvon Blais, EYB2007DEV1348,  (PDF) (LA R\u00c9F\u00c9RENCE)\n Luce BOURASSA, La parole de l\u2019enfant en mati\u00e8re de garde, Markham, LexisNexis, 2007, \n Michel T\u00c9TRAULT,  Droit de la famille, 4e \u00e9d., vol. 1 \u00ab Le mariage, l\u2019union civile et les unions de fait : Droits, obligations et cons\u00e9quences de la rupture \u00bb, Montr\u00e9al, \u00c9ditions Yvon Blais, 2010,\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nDroit de la famille au Qu\u00e9bec", "meta": {"title": "Droits d'acc\u00e8s (droit de la famille)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droits%20d%27acc%C3%A8s%20%28droit%20de%20la%20famille%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tulosesus is a genus of fungi in the family Psathyrellaceae.\n\nTaxonomy \nThe Tulosesus genus was created in 2020 by the German mycologists Dieter W\u00e4chter & Andreas Melzer when the Psathyrellaceae family was subdivided based on phylogenetic analysis. Many members of the Coprinellus genus were reclassified as Tulosesus. The type species, Tulosesus callinus was previously classified as Coprinellus callinus.\n\nEtymology \nThis genus name is an anagram of setulosus, Latin for having coarse hair or bristles.\n\nSpecies \n, Index Fungorum accepted 39 species of Tulosesus.\n\nSee also \n\n Coprinellus\n\nReferences \n\nAgaricales genera\nTulosesus\nPsathyrellaceae", "meta": {"title": "Tulosesus", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulosesus", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fighton Simukonda (2 February 1958 \u2013 15 February 2016) was a Zambian coach and former footballer. He was part of the Nkana Red Devils side of the 1980s, winning five league titles, and he also captained Zambia. As a coach, he won several Zambian Premier League titles and became the first coach to lead a Zambian club to the group phase of the CAF Champions' League.\n\nPlaying career\nSimukonda was born in Chingola where he started his football career with Division II side Mimbula Diggers as a defender. He later moved to Diggers' town mates KB Davies FC, another Division II team.\n\nStanding at over six feet tall, he was a commanding presence in defence and in 1980, was recruited by Division I side Vitafoam United where he lined up with players like Ronald Mkandawire, Lackson Chanda, Michael Chabala and Boniface 'Killer' Chanda. The following season, Simukonda captained Vitafoam to a 2\u20131 Independence Cup final victory over Strike Rovers.\n\nIn 1982, Vitafoam proprietor Abram Mokola decided to give some senior players the opportunity to acquire coaching skills so Simukonda was one of five who were sponsored for a coaching course in England in March of that year. His fine defensive play caught the attention of Kitwe giants who signed him soon after his return from England and Vitafoam claimed he had breached his contract with them. The contract dispute kept him out of action for almost four months until the two teams agreed a compensation package.\n\nHe had hardly joined Nkana when head coach Moses Simwala was suspended so Simukonda took charge of the team but he informed the club's management that while he was equal to the task, he was still an active player so Nkana great Stone Chibwe was brought in to hold fort. An astute defender who perfected a tackle called the 'Chitemene system' after the slash and burn method of preparing fields in Northern Zambia, Simukonda won his first league title with Nkana going unbeaten the whole season and would go on to win four more in 1983, 1985, 1986 and 1988.\n\nIn the 1989 season, Nkana made it to the final of the Heroes and Unity Cup which was to be played at their home ground Nkana Stadium against Green Buffaloes on 9 July 1989. It seemed like an unfair advantage but Buffaloes were equal to the task and stunned the home side 1\u20130 via a late goal after Simukonda's mistake led to Christopher Chileshe's fierce drive which Nkana goalkeeper Dick Shonga failed to hold on to, allowing Donald Chandalala to stab the ball home. The Nkana team were so devastated by the loss of a game they had been expected to win that they collected their loser's medals and headed straight to the dressing rooms. This was interpreted as refusing to sing the national anthem so six of them were suspended, including Simukonda.\n\nSimukonda explained afterwards \"We did not refuse to sing the national anthem, we were just misunderstood. The dais was mounted near our dressing room so after collecting our losers' medals, we went straight to the dressing room to mourn our frustrations which authorities interpreted as refusing to sing the national anthem.\"\n\nWhile still serving the ban, Simukonda left the country to ply his trade in South Africa, becoming the third Zambian player after Albert Bwalya and John Mwanza to play in the ostracised country due to apartheid, which also meant that he did not need an international clearance.  He played for Jomo Cosmos for two years and then moved to Blackpool where he stayed for a season before joining Nelspruit-based Dangerous Darkies and played for them for a season and then ended his playing career.\n\nNational team\nSimukonda made his national team debut in October 1983 in an Olympic Games qualifier against Egypt in Lusaka which Zambia won 1\u20130 courtesy of a Peter Kaumba strike. From then on, he was a regular in the Zambian defence and was part of the team that won the country's first ever CECAFA Cup in Uganda in 1984 under Brightwell Banda.\n\nSimukonda was in the Zambian team that defeated Cameroon 4\u20131 in a World Cup qualifier in Lusaka in April 1985 but missed out on the second leg as Banda preferred a central defensive pairing of Jones Chilengi and John \"Butcher\" Mwanza, which stood firm in a 1\u20131 draw.\n\nHe was left out of Zambia's CAN 1986 squad but made a comeback in December 1986 when he captained the team to a 1\u20130 win over Angola to lift the MPLA trophy in Luanda. He continued as captain when Samuel Ndhlovu took over as coach the following year and was in the Zambian team that pulled off a 2\u20131 aggregate win over Ghana to qualify to the Seoul Olympic Games.\n\nThe suspension of Zambia for pulling out of hosting the 1988 CAN finals saw Simukonda missing another tournament and as the Olympic Games approached, the central defensive pairing of captain Simukonda and his deputy Ashols Melu came in for some criticism, particularly when Zambia were beaten 4\u20130 by South Korea at the President's Cup tournament. This led to Simukonda being dropped for Zambia's dead rubber match against the Italian U-21 side. The game against South Korea turned out to be his last game for his country so it meant missing out on another major tournament by the time the Olympic Games came round.\n\nCoaching career\nSimukonda took up coaching duties at Darkies in 1992 thanks to the course he had attended ten years prior to that. He made history when he took charge for part of the 1992 season with Darkies, managing a single win in 42 matches, conceding 122 goals in the process, which gave him the record of the worst coach in South African football history.\n\nHis dismissal at Darkies coincided with the re-admission of South Africa to the international fold so Simukonda returned to Zambia in 1992 and joined Roan United as assistant to Fordson Kabole, the man Simukonda describes as his mentor and when Kabole left Roan the following season to join Kabwe Warriors, Simukonda took over as head coach. Roan controversially lost to Mufulira Wanderers 4\u20130 in the 1994 final of the BP Top 8 Cup after conceding what looked like a couple of offside goals but they won the Mosi Cup and finished fourth on the log. He avenged Roan's defeat to Wanderers by beating the Mufulira side 3\u20130 in the following year's BP Top 8 Final and regained the Mosi Cup in 1996.\n\nHe was one of the assistant coaches at CAN 1998 where Zambia were knocked out in the first round and took charge of Zambia on an interim basis in 1998 and retained the COSAFA Cup but stepped down when Zambia drew their first CAN 2000 qualifier 1\u20131 against Congo DR in Lusaka.\n\nAfter a patchy run of form early in the 1999 season, Simukonda was given a four-match ultimatum to start winning, beginning with Roan's ninth league game of the season, which ended in a draw and left Roan ninth in the league standings with three wins, three losses and two draws. This prompted management to terminate his contract and replace him with Paul Mulenga.\n\nTwo months later, Simukonda moved to Konkola Blades in Chililabombwe, whose coach Benjamin Bwalya had died in February, and transformed the border-town outfit into the most exciting team in the league. In June 2000, Zambia coach Jan Brouwer watched Blades knock Nchanga Rangers out of the BP Top 8 semi-final, 1\u20130, and immediately called for Simukonda's services, saying the kind of game Blades had exhibited was the type of play that was expected of the national team and he regretted that the national team's performance was a far cry from Blades' superiority.\n\nBlades lost the final to Nkana, 6\u20131, and in 2002, Simukonda turned down the chance to coach Warriors where he would have had the opportunity of working with some of the biggest names in the league, to stay at Konkola Stadium, despite losing six key players including captain Kunda Mushota, John Munkonje, Aaron Kale and international Vincent Mangamu. \"I have to show what I am made of. I have been through this before at Roan,\" he said.\n\nAfter several mid-table finishes, Blades' style of play compelled Zanaco to lure him to the capital city in January 2004 on a two-year deal and his departure was lamented by Blades Secretary Remmy Ngosa who said \"He is a very good coach. We will miss his services greatly.\"\n\nSimukonda won back-to-back league titles at Zanaco in 2005\u201306 and won the coach of the year award in the process but when Zanaco failed to win a third successive premier league title, the club dispensed of Simukonda\u2019s services but City of Lusaka hired him in 2007. He served as assistant coach to Patrick Phiri at CAN 2008 though he moved to Lusaka Dynamos and laid down the ghosts of the 2000 final when he won the club its first ever trophy, the BP Top 8 Cup in 2008 with a 1\u20130 win over ZESCO United, the team which he joined in January 2009 and became the first coach to lead a Zambian club to the group stages of the CAF Champions League after a come-from behind 2\u20131 victory over Malian club Djoliba in Ndola after a goalless draw in the first leg. At the end of the season, he was rewarded with the Coach of the Year award.\n\nHe won the league title the following year and was rewarded with a new three-year contract in February 2011 and another Coach of the Year Award, but when ZESCO suffered some indifferent form, he was fired in July with ZESCO seventh on the Super Division table on 21 points, nine points behind leaders Red Arrows after 13 games played with two games in hand. Chairman Kenneth Muteto stressed that it was not an overnight decision. \"Zesco have set standards in Zambian football which should continue.\" he said, \"From a possible 18 points we picked up six. For a team of Zesco\u2019s stature that is not acceptable.\"\n\nNine days later, he was appointed coach of struggling Nakambala Leopards of Mazabuka but he discovered that the club did not match his ambition and he resigned after a year to join Nchanga Rangers on a three-year deal. Rangers chairman Blackwell Siwale said they were excited to have acquired the services of a top coach like Simukonda. \"Fighton is a renowned coach, one of the top three or four in the country. Therefore when you look at his CV we expect a lot from him.\"\n\nHe led Rangers to a sixth-place finish in 2012 and after a strong start in the 2013 season, Rangers ended up in third place.\nFighton is assistant coach of the Zambia National team headed by George Lwandamina.\n\nHonours\n\nClub honours\nZambian League Title: 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986 and 1988 \nZambian Charity Shield: 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1989\nIndependence Cup: 1981 and 1986 \nHeinrich Cup/Chibuku Cup/Heroes & Unity Cup:  1983\nChampion of Champions: 1986\n\nNational honours\nCECAFA Cup: 1984 in Kenya\nMPLA Trophy: 1986 in Angola\n\nCoaching honours\nZambian Premier League: 2005, 2006 and 2010\nMosi Cup: 1994, 1996\nBP Top 8: 1995, 2008\nCoca-Cola Cup: 2004\nBarclays Cup: 2004, 2010\nCharity Shield: 2006, 2011\nCOSAFA Cup: 1998\n\nPersonal\nThe Nchanga Rangers coach died on 15 February 2016 in Chililabombwe\u2019s Konkola Mine Police after a battle with Diabetes Mellitus.\n\nIndividual honours\nZambian Coach of the Year: 2005, 2009 and 2010\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\nTembo, Benedict. \"Stars of yesteryear: Simukonda \u2013 a coaching guru.\" Zambia Daily Mail, 9 October 2010, p.\u00a012\n\n1958 births\n2016 deaths\nZambian footballers\nZambia international footballers\nZambian football managers\nPeople from Chingola\nNkana F.C. players\nJomo Cosmos F.C. players\nDangerous Darkies players\nAssociation footballers not categorized by position", "meta": {"title": "Fighton Simukonda", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fighton%20Simukonda", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Adolf M\u00fcller (* 11. April 1914; \u2020 7. Juli 2005) war ein Schweizer Ringer.\n\nOlympiaerfolg \nAdolf M\u00fcller gewann bei den Olympischen Sommerspielen 1948 die Bronzemedaille im Federgewicht des Freistilringens.\n\nWeblinks \n \n\nRinger (Schweiz)\nOlympiateilnehmer (Schweiz)\nTeilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1948\nSchweizer\nGeboren 1914\nGestorben 2005\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Adolf M\u00fcller (Ringer)", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf%20M%C3%BCller%20%28Ringer%29", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mera iracionalnosti (eksponent iracionalnosti, aproksimacijski eksponent ali  Liouville-Rothova konstanta) realnega \u0161tevila x je v teoriji \u0161tevil mera kako \u00bbdobri\u00ab racionalni pribli\u017eki zanj obstajajo. S posplo\u0161itvijo Liouvillovih \u0161tevil namesto poljubnega n v potenci q obstaja najmanj\u0161a zgornja meja mno\u017eice tak\u0161nih realnih \u0161tevil \u03bc, da velja:\n\n  \n\nza neskon\u010dno mnogo celo\u0161tevilskih parov (p, q) pri q > 0. Ta najmanj\u0161a zgornja meja je po definiciji mera iracionalnosti \u0161tevila x. Za poljubno vrednost \u03bc, manj\u0161o od te zgornje meje, da neskon\u010dna mno\u017eica vseh racionalnih \u0161tevil p/q, za katera zgornja neenakost velja, pribli\u017eek \u0161tevila x. Ali obratno, \u010de je \u03bc ve\u010dja od zgornje meje, obstaja vsaj kon\u010dno mnogo parov (p, q) pri q > 0, za katera neenakost velja. Zato nasprotna neenakost velja za vse ve\u010dje vrednosti q. \u010ce za dano mero iracionalnosti \u03bc realnega \u0161tevila x, kadar racionalni pribli\u017eek x\u00a0\u2245\u00a0p/q, p,q\u00a0\u2208\u00a0N da n\u00a0+\u00a01 to\u010dnih deseti\u0161kih \u0161tevk, velja:\n\n \n\nrazen za najve\u010d kon\u010dno mnogo \u00bbsre\u010dnih\u00ab parov (p, q).\n\nZa racionalno \u0161tevilo \u03b1 je mera iracionalnosti enaka \u03bc(\u03b1)\u00a0=\u00a01, oziroma zanje po definicije ne obstaja. \u010ce sta za poljubno \u0161tevilo dani dve meri iracionalnosti, je manj\u0161a bolj to\u010dna, saj ka\u017ee, da je \u0161tevilo \u00bbdlje\u00ab od racionalnih \u0161tevil. Thue-Siegel-Rothov izrek pravi, da, \u010de je \u03b1 algebrsko \u0161tevilo, realno, vendar ne racionalno, je \u03bc(\u03b1)\u00a0=\u00a02.\n\nSkoraj vsa \u0161tevila imajo mero iracionalnosti enako 2.\n\nTranscendentna \u0161tevila imajo mero iracionalnosti enako 2 ali ve\u010djo. Za vse  neenakost  velja in da najmanj\u0161o mo\u017eno vrednost. Neenakost sledi iz Dirichletovega na\u010dela: za vsako celo \u0161tevilo  so ulomljeni deli  skupaj s \u0161tevilom 1, < realna \u0161tevila v intervalu [0,1], zato mora biti razdalja med dvema manj\u0161a ali enaka . Njuna razlika ima obliko , tako da velja . Bolj eksplicitne konstrukcije racionalnih pribli\u017ekov so dane z veri\u017enimi ulomki. Periodi\u010dnost veri\u017enih ulomkov kvadratnih iracionalnih \u0161tevil nakazuje, da je njihova mera iracionalnosti identi\u010dno enaka 2. To dejstvo je posplo\u0161il Liouville leta 1844, ko je pokazal na prvi prakti\u010dni kriterij konstrukcije transcendentnih \u0161tevil. Transcendentno \u0161tevilo e ima na primer \u03bc(e)\u00a0=\u00a02. Prav tako na primer \u0161tevilo zlatega reza \u03bc(\u03a6)\u00a0=\u00a02. Mera iracionalnosti \u0161tevila \u03c0 je enaka 7,60630853 ali manj. Alekseyev je leta 2011 pokazal, da je vpra\u0161anje konvergence vrste Flint Hill:\n\n \n\npovezano z mero iracionalnosti za \u03c0, in \u0161e posebej, da iz konvergence vrste sledi mera iracionalnosti \u03bc(\u03c0) \u2264 5/2. Meri iracionalnosti ln 2 in ln 3 sta: \u03bc(ln 2) < 3,57455391 in \u03bc(ln 3) < 5,125.\n\nLiouvillova \u0161tevila so to\u010dno tista \u0161tevila katerih mera iracionalnosti je enaka neskon\u010dnosti.\n\nSklici\n\nViri\n\nZunanje povezave \n\n \n Mera iracionalnosti na PlanetMath \n\nTeorija \u0161tevil\nTranscendentna \u0161tevila", "meta": {"title": "Mera iracionalnosti", "url": "https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mera%20iracionalnosti", "language": "sl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La chiesa di San Bartolomeo a Monte Oliveto \u00e8 un luogo di culto cattolico che fa parte di un ex complesso monastico situato in via Monte Oliveto a Firenze.\n\nStoria e descrizione \n\nFondato nel 1334 da un monaco dell'abbazia di Monte Oliveto Maggiore, il monastero venne poi ampliato nel 1377 col terreno donato da Bartolomeo Capponi e fu poi edificato nelle forme michelozziane attuali nel 1454.\n\nLa chiesa fu ristrutturata nel 1472, nuovamente nel 1725 e infine nel 1955. \n\nL'interno, ad unica navata con volte a crociera, conserva l'affresco dellUltima Cena (e sinopia) del Sodoma (1515 ca.), staccato dal refettorio, affreschi di Bernardino Poccetti (1608 ca.) e l'affresco staccato della Deposizione di Cristo (e sinopia) di Ulisse Giocchi.\n\nNumerose sono le tele di importanti pittori soprattutto manieristi, come il Cristo e la Emorroissa, sull'altare maggiore del Poppi lAssunzione di Maria di Domenico Passignano (1592), la Vergine in gloria col Bambino e santi di Girolamo Macchietti (seconda met\u00e0 del Cinquecento), il Beato Bernardo Tolomei di Simone Pignoni, la Santa Francesca Romana di Fabrizio Boschi (1610).\n\nNotevoli le due acquasantiere figurate, a destra con la Vestale Tuccia, di Giovanni Battista Caccini, a sinistra con Claudia, del fiammingo Francesco Bostrinis (1676).\n\nOpere gi\u00e0 in loco\n Leonardo da Vinci, Annunciazione, oggi agli Uffizi\nSanti di Tito, Ingresso di Cristo in Gerusalemme, oggi alla Galleria dell'Accademia\nLorenzo Monaco, trittico, oggi alla Galleria dell'Accademia\nRaffaellino Del Garbo, Resurrezione di Cristo, oggi alla Galleria dell'Accademia\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nBartolomeo a Monte Oliveto\nFirenze", "meta": {"title": "Chiesa di San Bartolomeo a Monte Oliveto", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiesa%20di%20San%20Bartolomeo%20a%20Monte%20Oliveto", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Edaphus \u00e4r ett sl\u00e4kte av skalbaggar som beskrevs av Victor Ivanovitsch Motschulsky 1857. Edaphus ing\u00e5r i familjen kortvingar. \n\nSl\u00e4ktet inneh\u00e5ller bara arten Edaphus beszedesi.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n\nKortvingar\nEdaphus", "meta": {"title": "Edaphus", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edaphus", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Adolf Frederick I (15 decembrie 1588 \u2013 27 februarie 1658) a fost Duce suveran de Mecklenburg-Schwerin din 1592 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1628 \u0219i din nou din 1631 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1658. \u00centre 1634 \u0219i 1648 Adolf Frederick a fost de asemenea Prin\u021b-Episcop de Schwerin.\n\nBiografie\nA fost fiul Ducelui Johann al VII-lea de Mecklenburg-Schwerin \u0219i al Sofiei de Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, fiica Ducelui Adolf de Holstein-Gottorp \u0219i a Christinei de Hesse.\n\nAdolf Frederick avea 4 ani la moartea tat\u0103lui s\u0103u. El \u0219i fratele s\u0103u Johann Albert al II0lea au domnit sub regen\u021ba Ducelui Ulrich III de Mecklenburg-G\u00fcstrow \u0219i Karl I de Mecklenburg (unchii tat\u0103lui s\u0103u). Cei doi fra\u021bi au preluat guvernarea asupra Mecklenburg-Schwerin la \u00eenceputul lui aprilie 1608, \u0219i dup\u0103 decesul lui Karl la 22 iulie 1610 au preluat \u0219i guvernarea asupra Mecklenburg-G\u00fcstrow.\n\n\u00cen 1621 ducatul de Mecklenburg a fost oficial divizat \u00eentre cei doi fra\u021bi, Adolf Frederick domnind \u00een Mecklenburg-Schwerin \u0219i Johann Albert domnind \u00een Mecklenburg-G\u00fcstrow.\n\nC\u0103s\u0103torii \u0219i copii\nAdolf Frederick I a avut 19 copii.\n\nS-a c\u0103s\u0103torit pentru prima dat\u0103 la 4 septembrie 1622 cu Anna Maria de Ostfriesland, fiica contelui Enno al III-lea de Ostfriesland \u0219i a Annei de Holstein-Gottorp. Ei au avut urm\u0103torii copii:\n\nChristian Ludwig I (11 decembrie 1623, Schwerin \u2013 21 iunie 1692,  Den Haag), Duce de Mecklenburg-Schwerin.\nSophie Agnes (11 ianuarie 1625, Schwerin \u2013 26 decembrie 1694, R\u00fchn), stare\u021b\u0103 de R\u00fchn (1654).\nKarl (8 martie 1626, Schwerin \u2013 20 august 1670, Mirow), Duce de Mecklenburg-Mirow.\nAnna Maria (1 iulie 1627, Schwerin \u2013 11 decembrie 1669, Halle a.d.Saale), c\u0103s\u0103torit\u0103 \u00een 1647 cu August, Duce de Saxa-Weissenfels.\nJohann Georg (5 mai 1629, Lichtenburg \u2013 9 iulie 1675, Mirow), Duce de Mecklenburg-Mirow.\nHedwig (11 august 1630, L\u00fcbeck \u2013 17 mai 1631, L\u00fcbz).\nGustav Rudolph (26 februarie 1632, Schwerin \u2013 14 mai 1670, Tempzin).\nJuliane (8 noiembrie 1633, Schwerin \u2013 3 februarie 1634, Schwerin).\n\nAdolf Frederick s-a c\u0103s\u0103torit a doua oar\u0103 \u00een 1635 cu Marie Katharina (1616\u20131665), fiica Ducelui Julius Ernest de Brunswick-Dannenberg.  Ei au avut urm\u0103torii copii:\n\nJuliane Sibylla (16 februarie 1636, Schwerin \u2013 2 octombrie 1701, R\u00fchn), stare\u021b\u0103 de R\u00fchn (9 martie 1695).\nFrederick I (13 februarie 1638, Schwerin \u2013 28 aprilie 1688, Schloss Grabow), Duce de Mecklenburg-Grabow.\nChristina (august 1639, Schwerin \u2013 30 iunie 1693, Gandersheim), stare\u021b\u0103 de Gandersheim (1681).\nBernhard Sigismund (21 ianuarie 1641, Schwerin \u2013 15 noiembrie 1641, Schwerin).\nAugusta (24 septembrie 1643, Schwerin \u2013 5 mai 1644, Schwerin).\nMaria Elisabeth (24 martie 1646, Schwerin \u2013 27 aprilie 1713, Gandersheim), stare\u021b\u0103 de R\u00fchn (1705), stare\u021b\u0103 de Gandersheim (1712).\nAnna Sophia (24 noiembrie 1647, Schwerin \u2013 13 august 1723, Juliusburg), c\u0103s\u0103torit\u0103 \u00een 1677 cu Julius Siegmund, Duce de W\u00fcrttemberg-Juliusburg.\nAdolph Ernest (22 noiembrie 1650, Schwerin \u2013 13 ianuarie 1651, Schwerin).\nPhilipp Louis (30 mai 1652, Schwerin \u2013 20 octombrie 1655, Schwerin).\nHenry William (6 iunie 1653, Schwerin \u2013 2 decembrie 1653, Schwerin).\nAdolf Frederick II (19 octombrie 1658 \u2013 12 mai 1708), Duce de Mecklenburg-Strelitz.\n\nNa\u0219teri \u00een 1588\nDecese \u00een 1658\nDuci de Mecklenburg-Schwerin\nCasa de Mecklenburg-Schwerin\nMonarhi copii", "meta": {"title": "Adolf Frederick I, Duce de Mecklenburg-Schwerin", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf%20Frederick%20I%2C%20Duce%20de%20Mecklenburg-Schwerin", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Masato Sait\u014d (jap. , Sait\u014d Masato; * 1. Dezember 1975 in der Pr\u00e4fektur Saitama) ist ein ehemaliger japanischer Fu\u00dfballspieler.\n\nKarriere \nSait\u014d erlernte das Fu\u00dfballspielen in der Schulmannschaft der Bunan High School. Seinen ersten Vertrag unterschrieb er 1998 bei den Omiya Ardija. Der Verein spielte in der zweith\u00f6chsten Liga des Landes, der Japan Football League. 2004 wurde er mit dem Verein Vizemeister der J2 League und stieg in die J1 League auf. F\u00fcr den Verein absolvierte er 304 Spiele. Ende 2009 beendete er seine Karriere als Fu\u00dfballspieler.\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n \n\nFu\u00dfballspieler (\u014cmiya Ardija)\nJapaner\nGeboren 1975\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Masato Sait\u014d", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masato%20Sait%C5%8D", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Storoschewoi () war eine Fregatte des Projekts 1135 der Sowjetischen Marine. Sie war Teil der Baltischen Flotte.\n\nMeuterei \nAuf der Fregatte brach am 9. November 1975 eine Meuterei aus. Anf\u00fchrer war der Politoffizier Waleri Sablin, der nach dem Kapit\u00e4n der rangh\u00f6chste Offizier an Bord war. Nach einer Vorf\u00fchrung des Films Panzerkreuzer Potemkin hatte Sablin den Kapit\u00e4n eingeschlossen und in einer Ansprache an die Besatzung  \ndas Abweichen der Kommunistischen Partei von Idealen Lenins angeprangert. Er stellte seinen Plan vor, das Schiff mit Freiwilligen zu \u00fcbernehmen und von Riga nach Leningrad zu laufen, um sich dort \u00fcber die Medien an die Parteif\u00fchrung und die Bev\u00f6lkerung zu wenden. Die Marinef\u00fchrung f\u00fcrchtete jedoch eine Flucht der Besatzung nach Schweden und stellte Jak-28-Bomber und verf\u00fcgbare Kriegsschiffe zu Kampfgruppen zusammen, um die auslaufende Storoschewoi aufzuhalten und notfalls zu versenken.\nVerfolgt von den eigenen Streitkr\u00e4ften, gab Sablin schlie\u00dflich das Unterfangen auf. Er wurde verhaftet, von einem Milit\u00e4rgericht zum Tode verurteilt und am 3. August 1976 hingerichtet.\n\nAu\u00dferdienststellung \nDas Schiff blieb noch bis 2002 im Dienst und ist inzwischen verschrottet.\n\nFiktion \nElemente der Meuterei auf der Storoschewoi inspirierten Tom Clancy bei der Verfassung seines Romans Jagd auf Roter Oktober.\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n \n\nMilit\u00e4rschiff (Sowjetunion)\nFregatte\nMeuterei in der Schifffahrt", "meta": {"title": "Storoschewoi", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storoschewoi", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Perejaslav ( Perejaslav) \u00e8 una citt\u00e0 dell'Ucraina che si trova nell'oblast' di Kiev. \n\nLa citt\u00e0 \u00e8 situata nei pressi della confluenza dei fiumi Alta e Trubi\u017e circa 95 km a sud di Kiev. Dal 1943 al 2019 il suo nome era Perejaslav-Khmelnytskyi (o Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyy; ).\n\nStoria \nLa citt\u00e0 ha avuto un ruolo significativo nella storia del paese, la prima menzione risale al Trattato Rus'-bizantino  del 911. Nel 992 Vladimir I di Kiev vi fece edificare una grande fortezza per difendere il confine meridionale del Rus' di Kiev dalle incursioni provenienti dalle steppe di quella che ora \u00e8 l'Ucraina meridionale. La citt\u00e0 fu sede del principato di Pereiaslavl fino alla sua distruzione nel 1239 da parte dei Tatari durante l'invasione del Rus' di Kiev.\n\nDurante il XIV secolo la citt\u00e0 fu annessa al Granducato di Lituania, dal 1471 fu parte del Voivodato di Kiev che nel 1569 divenne parte del Regno di Polonia, nel 1585 il sovrano Stefano I B\u00e1thory garant\u00ec alla citt\u00e0 di Perejas\u0142aw lo status di citt\u00e0 secondo il diritto di Magdeburgo, divenne una delle citt\u00e0 regie. \n\nNella seconda met\u00e0 del XVI secolo divenne sede di un reggimento di cosacchi. Qui nel 1654 ebbe luogo il controverso episodio in cui l'etmano Bohdan Chmel'nyc'kyj e i cosacchi ucraini votarono per l'alleanza con il regno russo e l'accettazione del trattato di Perejaslav che pose l'Etmanato cosacco sotto il controllo del regno russo. In seguito al trattato di Andrusovo la citt\u00e0 divenne parte della Russia.\n\nIn epoca sovietica la citt\u00e0 venne rinominata in Perejaslav-Khmelnytskyi per rimarcare il ruolo di Bohdan Chmel'nyc'kyj e del trattato nell'unificazione tra Ucraina e Russia\n\nMonumenti e luoghi d'interesse \nLa cittadina \u00e8 nota per essere ricca di edifici storici tanto da essere tutelata come \"riserva storica ed etnografica\" (). Numerosi sono i musei, il principale \u00e8 il museo dell'architettura popolare, un museo a cielo aperto che si estende per oltre 30 ettari e comprende numerosi edifici alcuni dei quali, a loro volta trasformati in sezioni dedicate ad attivit\u00e0 artigiane.\n\nTra gli altri musei quello dello spazio e il museo dedicato a Sholem Aleichem situato nella casa in cui l'autore di testi per l'infanzia in lingua yiddish trascorse la giovinezza.\n\nTra gli edifici religiosi la cattedrale dell'Ascensione in barocco ucraino e risalente al XVII secolo come chiesa principale dell'omonimo monastero e attualmente occupata dal museo della battaglia del Dniepr (1943) e la chiesa di San Michele costruita sulle rovine di un precedente edificio del XI secolo e che fu residenza del vescovo di Kiev prima della costruzione della cattedrale di Santa Sofia.\n\nVoci correlate \n\n 43\u00aa Brigata artiglieria \"Atamano Taras Trjasylo\"\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Perejaslav", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perejaslav", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hans van Houten (politicus), een Nederlands politicus\n Hans van Houten (personage), een personage uit de Nederlandse soapserie Goede tijden, slechte tijden", "meta": {"title": "Hans van Houten", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20van%20Houten", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Thelwall \u2013 wie\u015b w Anglii, w hrabstwie ceremonialnym Cheshire, w dystrykcie (unitary authority) Warrington. Le\u017cy 32\u00a0km na p\u00f3\u0142nocny wsch\u00f3d od miasta Chester i 265\u00a0km na p\u00f3\u0142nocny zach\u00f3d od Londynu.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nWsie w hrabstwie Cheshire\nWarrington", "meta": {"title": "Thelwall", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelwall", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rub\u00e9n Alcaraz Jim\u00e9nez (born 1 May 1991) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for C\u00e1diz CF.\n\nClub career\nBorn in Barcelona, Catalonia, Alcaraz graduated with CF Damm's youth setup, after a stint at FC Barcelona and RCD Espanyol. He made his senior debuts with UA Horta in 2010, representing the side in the regional leagues.\n\nIn the 2010 summer, Alcaraz joined UDA Gramenet, being assigned to the reserves also in the lower levels. After making his debuts in Segunda Divisi\u00f3n B and eventually suffering relegation, he was definitely promoted to the main squad in June 2011.\n\nOn 28 June 2012, Alcaraz signed for AE Prat in the third level. On 11 July 2014, he moved to fellow league team CE L'Hospitalet, and scored ten goals in 34 appearances during his first and only season at the club.\n\nOn 17 June 2015, Alcaraz signed a two-year deal with Segunda Divisi\u00f3n side Girona FC. He made his professional debut on 24 August, starting in a 1\u20130 away win against Bilbao Athletic.\n\nAlcaraz scored his first goal in the second tier on 1 November 2015, netting the game's only in an away success over CA Osasuna. On 21 August of the following year, he scored a brace in a 3\u20133 draw at Sevilla Atl\u00e9tico.\n\nOn 11 July 2017, after achieving promotion to La Liga, Alcaraz renewed his contract until 2020 and was immediately loaned to UD Almer\u00eda for one year. He was the club's top goalscorer with nine goals, playing a key part as the club narrowly avoided relegation.\n\nOn 3 August 2018, Alcaraz signed a four-year contract with Real Valladolid, newly-promoted to the main category. He made his debut in the main category of Spanish football on 17 August, starting in a 0\u20130 away draw against  former side Girona.\n\nAlcaraz scored his first goal in the top tier on 7 October 2018, netting the game's only in a 1\u20130 home success over SD Huesca. He quickly established himself as a regular starter, but suffered team relegation in 2021.\n\nOn 20 January 2022, Alcaraz was loaned to C\u00e1diz CF in the first division, until June. On 1 June, the club exercised his buyout clause, and he signed a permanent two-year contract.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1991 births\nLiving people\nFootballers from Barcelona\nSpanish footballers\nAssociation football midfielders\nLa Liga players\nSegunda Divisi\u00f3n players\nSegunda Divisi\u00f3n B players\nTercera Divisi\u00f3n players\nCF Damm players\nUA Horta players\nUDA Gramenet footballers\nAE Prat players\nCE L'Hospitalet players\nGirona FC players\nUD Almer\u00eda players\nReal Valladolid players\nC\u00e1diz CF players\nCatalonia international footballers", "meta": {"title": "Rub\u00e9n Alcaraz", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n%20Alcaraz", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Bird Spring Group is a geologic group in Nevada. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.\n\nSee also\n\n List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Nevada\n Paleontology in Nevada\n\nReferences\n \n\nGeologic groups of Nevada\nCarboniferous System of North America", "meta": {"title": "Bird Spring Group", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird%20Spring%20Group", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bellinzago Lombardo is een gemeente in de Italiaanse provincie Milaan (regio Lombardije) en telt 3672 inwoners (31-12-2004). De oppervlakte bedraagt 4,5 km\u00b2, de bevolkingsdichtheid is 884 inwoners per km\u00b2.\n\nDemografie \nBellinzago Lombardo telt ongeveer 1430 huishoudens. Het aantal inwoners steeg in de periode 1991-2001 met 14,1% volgens cijfers uit de tienjaarlijkse volkstellingen van ISTAT.\n\nGeografie \nBellinzago Lombardo grenst aan de volgende gemeenten: Gessate, Inzago, Gorgonzola, Pozzuolo Martesana.\n\nExterne link \n  Offici\u00eble site (tijdelijk niet bereikbaar)\n\nGemeente in Milaan", "meta": {"title": "Bellinzago Lombardo", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellinzago%20Lombardo", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La tachycardie ventriculaire est un trouble du rythme cardiaque secondaire due \u00e0 une activation non contr\u00f4l\u00e9e des ventricules cardiaques.\nSa dangerosit\u00e9 est due \u00e0 sa mauvaise tol\u00e9rance et au risque d'arr\u00eat cardiaque, apr\u00e8s fibrillation ventriculaire.\n\nPhysiopathologie \n\nLa tachycardie ventriculaire est li\u00e9e \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence d'une voie de r\u00e9entr\u00e9e intraventriculaire. Une extrasystole ventriculaire peut ainsi p\u00e9n\u00e9trer le circuit de la r\u00e9entr\u00e9e, provoquant une tachycardie ventriculaire soutenue (prolong\u00e9e). Cette voie est souvent secondaire \u00e0 une cicatrice d'un infarctus du myocarde ou d'une l\u00e9sion de fibrose dans une cardiomyopathie.\n\nClinique \nLe sujet ressent le plus souvent une tachycardie r\u00e9guli\u00e8re \u00e0 d\u00e9but brutal, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement mal tol\u00e9r\u00e9e (avec collapsus, insuffisance cardiaque, malaise lipothymique, voire syncope).\n\n\u00c9lectrocardiogramme \nL'ECG va montrer :\n\n une tachycardie r\u00e9guli\u00e8re ;\n une dissociation auriculo-ventriculaire (les complexes QRS sont plus nombreux que les ondes P) ;\n les complexes QRS sont larges (> 0,12 s) ;\n des complexes de capture, li\u00e9s \u00e0 une activation supra-ventriculaire des ventricules : les oreillettes vont conduire aux ventricules et cela donnera des complexes QRS ayant la m\u00eame forme que les complexes QRS lorsque le rythme est sinusal (rythme normal) ;\n des complexes de fusion.\n\nOn parlera de tachycardie ventriculaire monomorphe si tous les complexes QRS sont identiques et de tachycardie ventriculaire polymorphe si les complexes QRS ont des formes diff\u00e9rentes.\n\nUne tachycardie ventriculaire non soutenue est une salve comprenant plus de 3 complexes et durant moins de 30 secondes et dont la fr\u00e9quence est sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 120/min. Des d\u00e9finitions alternatives cependant existent, variant sur la dur\u00e9e ou sur la fr\u00e9quence minimale. Si la salve dure plus de 30 secondes, on parle alors de tachycardie ventriculaire soutenue. Si la fr\u00e9quence est plus basse, on parle alors de \u00ab RIVA \u00bb (rythme idio-ventriculaire acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9).\n\nCauses \nIl faut rechercher une cardiopathie sous-jacente :\n une cardiopathie isch\u00e9mique, hypertensive ;\n une valvulopathie \u00e9volu\u00e9e, un prolapsus de la valve mitrale ;\n une cardiomyopathie hypertrophique ou dilat\u00e9e ;\n une dysplasie ventriculaire droite arythmog\u00e8ne ;\n une tachycardie ventriculaire polymorphe cat\u00e9cholergique.\nIl faut \u00e9galement rechercher un facteur d\u00e9clenchant ou favorisant :\n un trouble m\u00e9tabolique (hypokali\u00e9mie, hypoxie, \u00e9tat de choc) ;\n une endocrinopathie (hyperthyro\u00efdie) ;\n une cause m\u00e9dicamenteuse (surdosage digitalique, effet pro-arythmog\u00e8ne des antiarythmiques) ;\n la prise de toxiques (tabac, th\u00e9, caf\u00e9, alcool, coca\u00efne) ;\n une infection.\n\nTraitement \nLa prise en charge des troubles du rythme ventriculaire a fait l'objet de la publication de recommandations. Celles de l'European Society of Cardiology ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mises \u00e0 jour en 2022.\n\nTraitement de la crise \nEn cas de crise de tachycardie, si la tol\u00e9rance est m\u00e9diocre, on utilisera le choc \u00e9lectrique externe. Si elle est bonne, on tentera une r\u00e9duction m\u00e9dicamenteuse.\n\nTraitement pr\u00e9ventif \nLe traitement de fond repose, dans la mesure du possible, sur le traitement de la cause (correction chirurgicale d'une maladie valvulaire, revascularisation en cas d'insuffisance coronarienne, correction d'une hypokali\u00e9mie\u2026).\n\nSi la cause n'est pas accessible \u00e0 un traitement, la mise en place d'un d\u00e9fibrillateur automatique implantable se doit d'\u00eatre discut\u00e9. Ce dispositif permet la d\u00e9tection d'une r\u00e9cidive de trouble rythmique et sa r\u00e9gularisation par la d\u00e9livrance d'un choc \u00e9lectrique par une \u00e9lectrode situ\u00e9e \u00e0 la pointe du ventricule droit.\n\nUn traitement m\u00e9dicamenteux peut \u00eatre associ\u00e9. Ce sont essentiellement les b\u00eata-bloquants qui sont utilis\u00e9s, r\u00e9duisant substantiellement le nombre de crises mais pas de mani\u00e8re suffisante si l'atteinte du muscle cardiaque est importante. Une alternative est l'amiodarone.\n\nDans certains cas (tachycardies ventriculaires r\u00e9cidivantes et monomorphes, c'est-\u00e0-dire, issues, \u00e0 chaque fois, de la m\u00eame zone du ventricule et suffisamment bien tol\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 moyen terme), une ablation par radiofr\u00e9quence peut \u00eatre propos\u00e9e. La zone ventriculaire responsable est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e au cours d'une exploration \u00e9lectrophysiologique, le patient \u00e9tant en tachycardie ventriculaire (d'o\u00f9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 qu'elle soit bien support\u00e9e). Elle est caut\u00e9ris\u00e9e et circonscrite par une sonde dont l'extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 est chauff\u00e9e par un courant de radio fr\u00e9quence. L'examen est aid\u00e9e par un syst\u00e8me de cartographie tridimensionnelle du c\u0153ur. Cette technique a une bonne efficacit\u00e9 mais le risque de r\u00e9cidive n'est pas \u00e9limin\u00e9 et ne permet pas, en r\u00e8gle, de se passer de l'implantion d'un d\u00e9fibrillateur. L'ablation en rythme sinusal est possible mais plus complexe.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nTrouble du rythme cardiaque\nUrgence en cardiologie", "meta": {"title": "Tachycardie ventriculaire", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachycardie%20ventriculaire", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "George Allan Harder (Apia, 22 de junio de 1974) es un ex\u2013jugador samoano de rugby que se desempe\u00f1aba como wing.\n\nSelecci\u00f3n nacional \nFue convocado a Manu Samoa por primera vez en abril de 1995 para jugar ante los Springboks y jug\u00f3 su \u00faltimo partido en junio del mismo a\u00f1o y contra el mismo rival. En total solo jug\u00f3 cuatro partidos y marc\u00f3 tres tries.\n\nParticipaciones en Copas del Mundo \nSolo disput\u00f3 la Copa del Mundo de Sud\u00e1frica 1995 donde Harder contribuy\u00f3 enormemente a que Samoa avance a la fase final tras vencer a la Azzurri y a los Pumas, luego fue eliminada en cuartos de final por los eventuales campeones del Mundo; los Springboks y este fue su \u00faltimo partido internacional.\n\nPalmar\u00e9s \n Campe\u00f3n de la Copa Desaf\u00edo de 2003\u201304.\n\nReferencias \n\nPersonas de Apia\nJugadores de rugby de Samoa\nJugadores de la selecci\u00f3n de rugby de Samoa", "meta": {"title": "George Harder", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Harder", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lennea is a genus of legume in the family Fabaceae. \n\nIt contains the following species:\n Lennea viridiflora, including var. novogaliciensis.\n\nReferences \n\nRobinieae\nTaxonomy articles created by Polbot\nFabaceae genera", "meta": {"title": "Lennea", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lennea", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tom\u00e1s de la Rica Calder\u00f3n (Guadalajara; 21 de diciembre de 1881 - Or\u00e1n, Argelia francesa; 1951) fue un pedagogo y pol\u00edtico republicano espa\u00f1ol. Era hermano del m\u00e9dico Rafael de la Rica y del dibujante Juan Manuel de la Rica.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nNaci\u00f3 en el seno de una familia de clase media de ideolog\u00eda progresista y activa presencia en la vida pol\u00edtica y cultural de Guadalajara, representante de la burgues\u00eda ilustrada y republicana del siglo XIX en la ciudad.\n\nEn 1896 acab\u00f3 su formaci\u00f3n en la Escuela Normal de Guadalajara, obteniendo el t\u00edtulo de maestro superior, y curs\u00f3 los estudios de electricista en la Escuela Central de Artes y Oficios de Madrid. Trabaj\u00f3 como electricista en la F\u00e1brica del Mediod\u00eda de Madrid, fue jefe del laboratorio electro-qu\u00edmico de la f\u00e1brica Vat\u00edmetros B y B de contadores el\u00e9ctricos, jefe de fabricaci\u00f3n de la factor\u00eda de l\u00e1mparas incandescentes B.C. de Madrid y, desde 1921, fue jefe del laboratorio de metalograf\u00eda de la f\u00e1brica de la Hispano de Guadalajara. Desde el a\u00f1o 1902 public\u00f3 numerosos art\u00edculos t\u00e9cnicos en revistas especializadas como La Energ\u00eda El\u00e9ctrica o La Construcci\u00f3n Moderna, entre otras.\n\nMuy pronto destac\u00f3 por su activa militancia en el Partido Republicano Democr\u00e1tico Federal, aunque al proclamarse la Segunda Rep\u00fablica Espa\u00f1ola se integr\u00f3 en el Partido Republicano Radical Socialista, formando parte de su comit\u00e9 en Guadalajara. Tambi\u00e9n dirigi\u00f3 Juventud Obrera, el peri\u00f3dico de la UGT de Guadalajara, que se public\u00f3 entre 1911 y 1920. \n\nLibrepensador convencido, fue el primer alcarre\u00f1o que contrajo matrimonio civil en toda la provincia, cas\u00e1ndose con Manuela Etreros en el mes de agosto de 1911. En 1925 ingres\u00f3 en la masoner\u00eda, siendo uno de los primeros miembros de la Logia Arriaco, activa durante la Segunda Rep\u00fablica, con el nombre simb\u00f3lico de Henares.\n\nPero, ante todo, Tom\u00e1s de la Rica destac\u00f3 como director de la Escuela Laica de Guadalajara, desde su apertura en 1903 hasta que cerr\u00f3 en 1936 despu\u00e9s de ser destruida por un bombardeo de la aviaci\u00f3n franquista, y de la Escuela de Artes y Oficios de la ciudad, que solo por su generosidad pudo abrirse en 1922 y de la que fue profesor y director hasta que en 1932 se transform\u00f3 en Escuela de Trabajo, de la que tambi\u00e9n fue nombrado director. Ambos centros educativos fueron pioneros en la renovaci\u00f3n pedag\u00f3gica del primer tercio del siglo XX y formaron a varias generaciones de alcarre\u00f1os en un clima de exigencia intelectual y libertad personal.\n\nEn 1939, al acabar la Guerra Civil Espa\u00f1ola, consigui\u00f3 salir de Espa\u00f1a, refugi\u00e1ndose en Or\u00e1n (Argelia francesa), donde falleci\u00f3 en 1951.\n\nBibliograf\u00eda \n Calero Delso, Juan Pablo; Higuera Barco, Sergio. \"La Escuela Laica de Guadalajara\", en A\u00f1il, n\u00famero 28. Toledo, 2005.\n\nEnlaces externos \n Comunicaci\u00f3n \"La Escuela Laica de Guadalajara (1885-1939), presentada en el Congreso de Historia Cien a\u00f1os de la Escuela Moderna de Ferrer Guardia, organizado por la Fundaci\u00f3n Anselmo Lorenzo y celebrado en Guadalajara del 9 al 11 de noviembre de 2001.\n\nMasones de Espa\u00f1a\nPedagogos de Espa\u00f1a del siglo XX\nPol\u00edticos de la Segunda Rep\u00fablica Espa\u00f1ola\nPol\u00edticos del Partido Republicano Democr\u00e1tico Federal\nPol\u00edticos del Partido Republicano Radical Socialista\nPol\u00edticos de Guadalajara (Espa\u00f1a)\nNacidos en Guadalajara (Espa\u00f1a)", "meta": {"title": "Tom\u00e1s de la Rica", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s%20de%20la%20Rica", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mistrzostwa Afryki U-17 w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej 1995 \u2013 1. edycja turnieju o mistrzostwo Afryki w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej do lat 17, kt\u00f3ra odby\u0142a si\u0119 w dniach 14\u201327 maja 1995 roku. Gospodarzem zosta\u0142o Mali. Trzy najlepsze reprezentacje awansowa\u0142y do Mistrzostw \u015awiata U-17 1995 w Ekwadorze.\n\nKwalifikacje\n\nPierwsza runda \nZwyci\u0119zcy dwumecz\u00f3w awansuj\u0105 do drugiej rundy.\n\nDruga runda \nZwyci\u0119zcy dwumecz\u00f3w awansuj\u0105 do turnieju g\u0142\u00f3wnego.\n\nZakwalifikowane dru\u017cyny \n \n \n \n  (gospodarz)\n\nFaza grupowa\n\nGrupa A\n\nGrupa B\n\nFaza pucharowa\n\nP\u00f3\u0142fina\u0142y\n\nMecz o 3. miejsce\n\nFina\u0142 \n\nReprezentacje Ghany, Nigerii i Gwinei awansowa\u0142y do Mistrzostw \u015awiata U-17 1995.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nMistrzostwa Afryki U-17 w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej\n1995 w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej\n1995 w Afryce\nPi\u0142ka no\u017cna w Mali\nSport w Bamako", "meta": {"title": "Mistrzostwa Afryki U-17 w Pi\u0142ce No\u017cnej 1995", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mistrzostwa%20Afryki%20U-17%20w%20Pi%C5%82ce%20No%C5%BCnej%201995", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "O Independente fue un peri\u00f3dico semanario portugu\u00e9s, fundado en 1988. Su primer n\u00famero fue publicado a 20 de mayo de 1988 y el \u00faltimo el d\u00eda 1 de septiembre de 2006.\n\nDetido por la SOCI - Sociedade Independente de Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o, que fue fundada e presidida por Lu\u00eds Nobre Guedes, su primer director fue Miguel Esteves Cardoso, coadyuvado por Paulo Portas (que vendr\u00eda a ser el segundo director) y por Manuel Falc\u00e3o. Em 1991 la SOCI fue vendida a Miguel Pais do Amaral. \n\nO Independente tuvo tambi\u00e9n un papel en la transformaci\u00f3n del CDS en el Centro Democr\u00e1tico Social / Partido Popular y fue un semanario de gran importancia en la d\u00e9cada de 1990, cuando casi todas las semanas surg\u00eda una titular denunciando una figura p\u00fablica (ministros, gobernantes, pol\u00edticos, etc.), por casos de corrupci\u00f3n, uso indebido de fondos p\u00fablicos, etc. Varias personas fueron acusadas justamente, pero otras fueron consideradas inocentes por los tribunales y el peri\u00f3dico fue sujeto de varios procesos por difamaci\u00f3n. Fue uno de los principales responsables del declinar del cavaquismo, hecho que m\u00e1s tarde har\u00eda extremadamente dif\u00edciles las relaciones entre el CDS/PP liderado por Paulo Portas y el Partido Social Dem\u00f3crata. Despu\u00e9s de la salida de Portas, el peri\u00f3dico tuvo como directores, sucesivamente, a Constan\u00e7a Cunha y S\u00e1, Isa\u00edas Gomes Teixeira, de nuevo Miguel Esteves Cardoso y por fin, In\u00eas Serra Lopes. En el inicio del siglo XXI comenz\u00f3 su declinar entre los lectores y la consecuente ca\u00edda de ventas (9 mil ejemplares los \u00faltimos meses, que representaban solo el 1% de lectores totales).\n\nAdem\u00e1s de las bajas ventas, el peri\u00f3dico tuvo que pagar varias indemnizaciones a quienes hab\u00edan sido acusados injustamente por el mismo. En abril de 2001,O Independente fue adquirido, libre de cargas, por Med\u00eda Capital, un grupo de inversores encabezado por In\u00eas Serra Lopes. La \u00faltimo titular del peri\u00f3dico dec\u00eda \"Punto final\" y en el resto del mismo (n\u00fam. 955) solo constan algunas primeras p\u00e1ginas de este semanario.\n\nPeri\u00f3dicos de Portugal\nPeri\u00f3dicos desaparecidos\nPublicaciones fundadas en 1988\nPublicaciones desaparecidas en 2006\nConservadurismo en Portugal", "meta": {"title": "O Independente", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%20Independente", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cairook, also known as Avi Havasuts (\"Blue Rock\") was a Mohave leader born sometime before 1814.\n\nIn 1854, Cairook accompanied the Whipple expedition from the Colorado River to Afton Canyon on the Mojave Road, guiding them successfully through the area now known as the Mojave National Preserve. Amiel Weeks Whipple appreciated Cairook's help, and found Cairook to be a willing and fair trader with his party. \n\nOther American explorers and surveyors spoke highly of Cairook, including Charles Ives, who wrote in his journal entry on March 23, 1858 that \"Cairook came to bid us farewell. I was never before so struck with his noble appearance. When he shook hands his head was almost level with mine as he stood beside the mule on which I was riding. He indicated his wishes that we might have a successful trip, and remained watching the train until it was out of sight, waving his hand and smiling his adieus. We all felt regret at parting with him, for he had proved himself a staunch friend.\" According to Fulsom Charles Scrivner, author of Mohave People (1970), Cairook grew to a height of nearly .\n\nIn 1858, an attack on the Rose-Baley Party began the series of events that led to Cairook's death at the hands of American Army officials. The party arrived in late August 1858, arriving along the Colorado River. L.R. Rose, one of the leaders, reported that the Mojaves were very friendly, aiding the tired travelers throughout the evening.  The travelers camped along the Colorado River, and on August 29, Mojave leaders Cairook and Sickahot went to inquire after the travelers, asking if they intended to settle on their Mojave territory or travel onward. On August 30, the traveling party was attacked by Hualapais and seven Mohaves after felling many of the Mojave cottonwood trees along the Colorado River and grazing their cattle on Mojave territory. The remaining Rose-Baley Party members fled.\n\nAfter the attack on the Rose-Baley Party, General N.S. Clarke, the commander of the Military Department of California (headquartered in San Francisco) was convinced that a military post should be constructed at Fort Mojave in order to prevent a general Indian uprising, which he believed was spurred by the encouragement of Mormon emigrants. Clarke sent Lieutenant Colonel William Hoffman and 50 men of the First Mohave Expedition sent to Beale's Crossing to build a post for ensuring military power along the Colorado River.\n\nAlthough initial contact with the Mojaves was friendly, the continued presence of soldiers worried the Mojaves that soldiers were encroaching on their territory in the fertile Mojave Valley over a period of several days in January, 1859. After the initial friendly meetings, Hoffman warned Mojaves to stay away from their camp at night, or risk being shot. He moved his camp to the Colorado River. One night,  Hoffman reported that sentinels shot at several Mojaves and Paiutes (most likely Chemehuevis). He reflected \"The hostile attitude taken by the Indians left little room to doubt that we could not remain another twenty-four hours in the valley without a collision with the Mohave Nation.\"\n\nHoffman decided to attack the Mojaves the following day, killing at least ten Mojaves. Hoffman and his group left for Fort Yuma in order to prepare to bring a show of military force back to Mojave territory. Hoffman demanded that the tribe surrender to US forces, naming the following conditions that he later wrote in a letter to General Clarke on April 24, 1859: \n\"1st. The must offer no opposition to the establishment of posts and roads in and through their country, when and where the government chooses; and the property and lives of whites travelling through their country must be secured.\n2nd. As security for their future good conduct they must place in my hands one hostage for each of the six bands. \n3rd. They must place in my hands the chief who commanded at the threatened attack on my camp in January last. \n4th. They must place in my hands three of those who were engaged in the attack on the emigrant part at this spot last summer\".\n\nCairook was one of the Mojaves who agreed to be taken hostage by the U.S. Government at Fort Yuma. By late June, the imprisoned Mojaves were sick of being held hostage. After Mojave leader Irataba visited to petition for Cairook's release and was refused, Cairook and the other hostages planned their escape. Cairook's role in the escape was to hold the sentry, and he was subsequently bayoneted while the others escaped.  According to Mojave elder Frances Stillman, Cairook had told the other men imprisoned \"You're all young. I'm years ahead of you. I've had a lot of years already that I've spent of my life. When its lunch time, all the guards go to their lunch except that one up there. I'll go up and hold him while you men dive into the water.\"\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography\n\n \n\n1859 deaths\nFirst Nations history\nNative American leaders\nMohave people\nArizona Territory\nPeople of the American Old West", "meta": {"title": "Cairook", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairook", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Football League Championship (r\u00f6viden Championship vagy Sky Bet Championship a szponzor miatt) az angol labdar\u00fag\u00f3-bajnoks\u00e1gok k\u00f6z\u00fcl a legels\u0151, a szintek k\u00f6z\u00fcl a m\u00e1sodik a Premier League ut\u00e1n, az English Football League legmagasabb oszt\u00e1lya. Jelenlegi c\u00edmv\u00e9d\u0151je a Norwich City, a 2020\u20132021-es ki\u00edr\u00e1s gy\u0151ztese.\n\nT\u00f6rt\u00e9nete \nA Football League Championship a 2004\u201305-\u00f6s szezonra lett bevezetve, kor\u00e1bban Football League First Divisionk\u00e9nt m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt. R\u00f6gt\u00f6n az els\u0151 \u00e9v\u00e9ben \u00f6sszesen 9,8 milli\u00f3 n\u00e9z\u0151 l\u00e1togatott ki a stadionokba, amivel az eur\u00f3pai labdar\u00fag\u00e1s negyedik legn\u00e9zettebb bajnoks\u00e1ga lett a Premier League (12,88 milli\u00f3), a spanyol La Liga (11,57 milli\u00f3) \u00e9s a n\u00e9met Bundesliga (10,92 milli\u00f3) m\u00f6g\u00f6tt, de megel\u0151zte az olasz Serie A-t (9,77 milli\u00f3) \u00e9s a francia Ligue 1-et (8,17 milli\u00f3). Az igazs\u00e1ghoz az is hozz\u00e1tartozik, hogy am\u00edg a Championshipben 24 csapat van, addig a La Lig\u00e1ban, a Serie A-ban \u00e9s a Ligue 1-ben 20, a Bundeslig\u00e1ban pedig 18. A bajnoks\u00e1g siker\u00e9ben a TV-s jogd\u00edjak hatalmas szerepet j\u00e1tszanak.\n\nA bajnoks\u00e1g lebonyol\u00edt\u00e1sa \nA Championship mez\u0151nye 24 csapatb\u00f3l \u00e1ll, melyek az augusztust\u00f3l m\u00e1jusig tart\u00f3 szezon alatt k\u00e9tszer j\u00e1tszanak egym\u00e1ssal, egyszer otthon, egyszer idegenben. Ez azt jelenti, hogy egy csapat bajnoki szezonja 46 meccsb\u0151l \u00e1ll. A pontoz\u00e1s a megszokottak szerint zajlik, a gy\u0151zelem\u00e9rt 3, a d\u00f6ntetlen\u00e9rt 1 pont j\u00e1r, veres\u00e9g eset\u00e9n pedig nem j\u00e1r pont. A csapatok rangsorol\u00e1sakor legfontosabb adat a gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt pontok sz\u00e1ma, ut\u00e1na veszik sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sba a g\u00f3lk\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9get, legv\u00e9g\u00fcl pedig a l\u0151tt g\u00f3lok sz\u00e1m\u00e1t. Ha az \u00e9vad v\u00e9g\u00e9n egy csapatn\u00e1l az el\u0151bbi mutat\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00fcl mindegyik megegyezik, akkor a bet\u0171rend szerint d\u0151l el a helyez\u00e9s. Ha azonban az adott poz\u00edci\u00f3 megszerz\u00e9s\u00e9n feljut\u00e1s, kies\u00e9s vagy oszt\u00e1lyoz\u00f3s hely m\u00falik, akkor az \u00e9rintett csapatok m\u00e9g egyszer j\u00e1tszanak egym\u00e1ssal.\n\nAz els\u0151 k\u00e9t helyen v\u00e9gz\u0151 g\u00e1rda automatikusan feljut a Premier League-be, a harmadik, negyedik, \u00f6t\u00f6dik \u00e9s hatodik helyen v\u00e9gz\u0151 csapatok pedig r\u00e1j\u00e1tsz\u00e1sban vesznek r\u00e9szt a feljut\u00e1s\u00e9rt. E szerint a harmadik \u00e9s a hatodik, valamint a negyedik \u00e9s \u00f6t\u00f6dik csap \u00f6ssze egy k\u00e9tfordul\u00f3s el\u0151d\u00f6nt\u0151n. A gy\u0151ztesek bejutnak a d\u00f6nt\u0151be, ahol egy tal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3n d\u0151l el a gy\u0151zelem. Aki itt nyer, az szint\u00e9n feljut az \u00e9lvonalba \u00e9s kap egy tr\u00f3fe\u00e1t is. A feljut\u00f3kat a Premier League-b\u0151l kies\u0151 h\u00e1rom csapat p\u00f3tolja.\n\nAz utols\u00f3 h\u00e1rom helyezett kiesik a League One-ba, a harmadoszt\u00e1lyba, hely\u00fckre pedig a League One legjobbjai \u00e9rkeznek.\n\nFeljut\u00f3k az \u00e9lvonalba\n\nKies\u0151k a harmadoszt\u00e1lyba\n\nFeljut\u00f3k a harmadoszt\u00e1lyb\u00f3l\n\nG\u00f3lkir\u00e1lyok\n\nJegyzetek \n\nEnglish Football League\n 2", "meta": {"title": "Angol labdar\u00fag\u00f3-bajnoks\u00e1g (m\u00e1sodoszt\u00e1ly)", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angol%20labdar%C3%BAg%C3%B3-bajnoks%C3%A1g%20%28m%C3%A1sodoszt%C3%A1ly%29", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Volvo er en sang af Eddie Meduza. Sangen kan findes p\u00e5 singlen \"Jag Vill Ha En Volvo\" (p\u00e5 dansk: Jeg \u00d8nsker Mig En Volvo) og albummet Gasen I Botten fra 1981.\n\nI Aftonbladet blev \"Volvo\" k\u00e5ret til Eddie Meduzas trettende bedste sang. I en uofficiel afstemning fra sommeren 2002 om Eddie Meduzas 100 bedste sange endte \"Volvo\" p\u00e5 sjette plads.\n\nTekst \nSangen handler om hovedpersonen, der k\u00f8rer ud med sin Chevrolet fra 1963. Derefter bliver han overhalet af en Volvo, og der er et l\u00f8b mellem de to.\n\nUdgivelser \nDen f\u00f8rste udgave af singlen havde Volvos logo p\u00e5 omslaget, men dette blev ikke v\u00e6rdsat af Volvo, s\u00e5 i den n\u00e6ste udgave havde omslaget ikke Volvos logo.\n\nReferencer \nSange fra 1981\nEddie Meduza-sange\nSange fra Sverige\nSingler fra 1981\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n\n Eddies Himmel p\u00e5 Luftkaffe.se, hentet d. 29 februar 2020\n Swemusic p\u00e5 Swemusic.se, hentet d. 29 februar 2020", "meta": {"title": "Volvo (sang)", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volvo%20%28sang%29", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c. 1940 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0404\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0456\u043d\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0456\u0457 \u0432 1940\u00a0\u0440. \u0419\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0456\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0456\u043c. \u0410. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0456 \u041c\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0456\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041d\u044c\u044e-\u0419\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0456 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 1942 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438.\n\n\u0414\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432 \u0443 \u0428\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u0448\u0430\u0445\u0442 \u041c\u0456\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0456 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0404\u043b\u0456. \u0412\u0456\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0456\u0437 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u043e\u044e \u0421\u0428\u0410 (USGS), \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0410\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0456, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e USGS \u0443 1948\u00a0\u0440., \u0449\u043e\u0431, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438.\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437 1948 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0439 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\u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044e, \u0433\u0456\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044e. \u0412\u0456\u043d \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u0443\u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u044c\u044f\u0440\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443.\n\n\u0423 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u0456\u0436 1949 \u0456 1959 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434 \u043e\u0447\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 USGS \u0443 \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0456, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443. \u0423 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0406\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0411\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445. \u0412\u0456\u043d \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0442\u043e\u0436 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0456.\n\n\u0423 1961 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0414\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0423\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u041c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0438. \u0417 1965 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0457\u0445\u0430\u0432 \u0434\u043e \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u0441-\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0456 (UCLA) \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457. \u0412\u0456\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430-\u0411\u0430\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0438 UCLA \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u044f 1970-\u0438\u0445, \u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432 USGS. \u0417 1961 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 30 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0434\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0456\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0432 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434.\n\n\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0456 \u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0432 \u0448\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c\u043e\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0412 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043c\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0437, \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0443 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456 1991 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443.\n\n\u0427\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \n\n 1969: \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432 \u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a .\n 1973: \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 .\n 1988: \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c-\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 .\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456 \n\n The Biosphere, Scientific American, September 1983 (Sonderheft Dynamic Earth)\n Terebratuloid Brachiopoda of the Silurian and Devonian, Geological Society of America Special Publ. 38, 1942\n Some Problems and Patterns of Evolution Exemplified by Fossil Invertebrates, Evolution, Band 2, Dezember 1948, S. 322\u2014350\n Our Disappearing Earth Resources, Field Enterprises Educational Corporation, 1969\n mit Aharon Giber: The Oxygen Cycle, Scientific American, September 1970\n Major Features of Crustal Evolution, Alexander Du Toit Memorial Lectures 14, Geological Society of South Africa, 1976\n Cosmos, Earth and Man: Short History of the Universe. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1978, ISBN 978-0300021462.\n Oasis in Space: Earth History from the Beginning, W. W. Norton, 1989, ISBN 978-0393305838.\n\n\u0412\u0456\u0434\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438 \n\n 1976: \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438\n 1977: \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0427\u0430\u0440\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430 \u0414\u0443\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u043b\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438\n\n\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n\n John C. Crowell: Preston Cloud\u00a0\u2014 September 26, 1912\u2013January 16, 1991. In: National Academy of Sciences, Biographical Memoirs. Band 67, 1995, S. 43\u201362 (mit Bild)\n J. Thomas Dutro, Jr.: Preston Cloud: Peripatetic Paleontologist (Memento vom 7. M\u00e4rz 2005 im Internet Archive). In: GSA Today. August 1999\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\n \u0412\u0456\u0434\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041b\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0437\u0430, \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438\n \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0427\u0430\u0440\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430 \u0414\u0443\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u043b\u0430 \u0423\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0430. \u041b\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043c\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\n\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0490\u0443\u0491\u0491\u0435\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0430\n\u0412\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0404\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438 \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u041f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u0427\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\n\u0427\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0456 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438-\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0421\u0428\u0410\n\u0427\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432 \u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\n\u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0456 \u0423\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u041c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0438\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 XX \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044f", "meta": {"title": "\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%20%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nadezhda Sergeyevna Glyzina (, n\u00e9e Fedotova; born 20 May 1988) is a Russian female water polo player. She was a member of the Russia women's national water polo team, playing as a driver. She was a part of the  team at the 2008 Summer Olympics, 2012 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Olympics. On club level she played for Kinef Kirishi in Russia.\n\nSee also\n Russia women's Olympic water polo team records and statistics\n List of Olympic medalists in water polo (women)\n List of players who have appeared in multiple women's Olympic water polo tournaments\n List of women's Olympic water polo tournament top goalscorers\n List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nRussian female water polo players\n1988 births\nLiving people\nOlympic water polo players of Russia\nWater polo players at the 2012 Summer Olympics\nWorld Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo\nWater polo players at the 2016 Summer Olympics\nOlympic bronze medalists for Russia\nOlympic medalists in water polo\nMedalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics\nWater polo players at the 2008 Summer Olympics\nPeople from Kirishi\nWater polo players at the 2020 Summer Olympics\nSportspeople from Leningrad Oblast\n21st-century Russian women", "meta": {"title": "Nadezhda Glyzina", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadezhda%20Glyzina", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "USS Kretchmer (DE-329) was an  built for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She served in the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and provided destroyer escort protection against submarine and air attack for Navy vessels and convoys.\n\nNamesake\nRaymond Joseph Kretchmer was born on 30 January 1917, in Chicago, Illinois. He enlisted in the U.S. Naval Reserve on 29 August 1940. He was appointed Midshipman, Naval Reserve, at Northwestern University and commissioned Ensign on 12 September 1941. He was assigned to active duty on 12 September and served on board . He was killed in action 9 August 1942 when Astoria was sunk by Imperial Japanese Navy forces during the Battle of Savo Island.\n\nConstruction and commissioning\nKretchmer was laid down 28 June 1943, by Consolidated Steel Corporation, Orange, Texas; launched 31 August 1943; sponsored by Miss Betty Kretchmer, sister of Ensign Kretchmer; and commissioned 13 December 1943.\n\nWorld War II North Atlantic operations\n\nAfter a Bermuda shakedown Kretchmer departed Charleston, South Carolina, 15 February 1944, for operations in the Caribbean. Based at Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, she escorted convoys to Cuba and Bermuda until sailing for Key West, Florida, 2 May. Assigned to an air wing training detachment, Kretchmer operated with torpedo bombers for 3 weeks, before departing Charleston 8 June escorting a convoy to Europe. Sailing via Cura\u00e7ao, D.W.I., Kretchmer screened shipping bound for Naples, Italy, in preparation for the assaults on southern France. After returning to the United States 16 July, the escort ship made one more cruise to Naples during the summer.\n\nTransfer to the Pacific Fleet \n\nBetween 20 September 1944 and 27 April 1945, Kretchmer sailed as escort to five convoys from New York to United Kingdom ports. After victory in Europe, she prepared for Pacific Fleet duty arriving Pearl Harbor 5 July. Clearing Pearl Harbor 1 August, Kretchmer was en route to the Philippines when hostilities stopped on 14 August.\n \nServing in the Far East until 1 April 1946, the destroyer escort engaged in occupation and repatriation operations, including the evacuation of Allied prisoners of war from Formosa during September 1945. Kretchmer also served on escort duty, mine patrol, and mail runs between Chinese ports. Departing Hong Kong 1 April 1946, she returned home by way of the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean, arriving Charleston, South Carolina, 29 May. Kretchmer decommissioned at Green Cove Springs, Florida, 20 September 1946.\n\nConversion to picket ship \n\nAfter extensive conversion, Kretchmer recommissioned as DER-329 on 22 September 1956. After shakedown in the Caribbean, the radar picket arrived at Boston, Massachusetts, 18 December to commence operations in the Northern Radar Barrier. Based at Newport, Rhode Island, from 1957 to 1962, she remained on picket duty, making regular patrols to provide early warning to the continental air defense systems. Kretchmer also made cruises to northern Europe in 1958, 1961, and 1962, and in August 1961 rescued six men from foundered Icelandic fishing vessel MV Sleipnir.\n\nCuban Missile Crisis activity \n\nIn the aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis, Kretchmer departed Newport 23 November 1962 for picket duty off the southern coast of the United States. While operating as plane guard and screen for  in Key West, Florida, waters, Kretchmer rescued two shrimp fishermen from disabled fishing vessel MV Ala, after they had been fired upon by Cuban MiG aircraft. On 21 February 1963, while Kretchmer was guarding Ala, a MiG-17 made four passes at the disabled fishing craft before turning tail ahead of U.S. Marine aircraft.\n \nKretchmer continued picket and training operations in the Atlantic until 21 May 1965, when she entered Boston Naval Shipyard for overhaul prior to deployment in the western Pacific. The ship departed Newport, Rhode Island, for Guam, arriving in Agana, Guam, Mariana Islands on 2 August 1965 after a stopover at Pearl Harbor.\n\nVietnam Operations\n\nOne month later, Kretchmer joined other vessels off the South Vietnam coast in Operation Market Time, keeping coastal traffic under surveillance to prevent the shipment of Communist arms and supply to South Vietnam by sea. Her motor whaleboat came under heavy small arms fire during a roundup operation in November 1965. No American casualties resulted and Kretchmer's search party seized a large number of suspected guerrilla infiltrators.\n \nBy the end of a year of patrol, the ship had investigated some 17,000 contacts, and boarded over 1,000 small craft. On 10 December 1965 Kretchmer steamed into Apra Harbor, Guam, where she remained until her departure 22 February 1966 for a 7-month deployment with the 7th Fleet. She continued \"Market Time\" patrol off the coast and in the harbors of Vietnam working closely with other US Navy and Coast Guard vessels assigned to Task Force 115, searching junks and providing gunfire support for US Marine and US Army operations ashore. She left Subic Bay 29 September 1966 for her homeport, Guam, where she remained in Restricted Availability and leave until 9 January 1967, departing the Guam homeport once again for a nine-month deployment with the 7th Fleet. Kretchmer served Task Force 115 in all nine of South Vietnam's Market Time Zones through 1967, 1968 and briefly in 1969. Notably, on 10 June 1967, Kretchmer and three PCFs rounded up 120 Viet Cong and 60 junks when Republic of Korea Army troops pushed the enemy to shore at Quang Gnai. POWs were held aboard until US Navy small craft transferred the captives. Her continued presence on the South China Sea and Gulf of Siam coasts delineated the commitment of the United States to the preservation of the independence of South Vietnam.\n\nTaiwan Patrol & Hong Kong Station Ship Operations \nWhen Kretchmer was not engaged in Vietnam Market Time Operations or Restricted Availability in homeport Agana, Guam, during her 1965-1969 Western Pacific 7th Fleet deployment, she usually patrolled the Taiwan Straits between Communist China and Taiwan or was assigned to Station Ship Hong Kong, B.C.C. as SOPA (Senior Officer Present Administration). Kretchmer visited Bangkok, Thailand for R&R (rest and recuperation between combat zone patrols), Subic Bay, Philippines for R&R, dry dock and repairs, Yokosuka, Japan for R&R, operational training and certification, Keelung and Kaohsiung, Taiwan for R&R, repairs and resupply between patrols of the Taiwan Straits. Notably, in the latter half of 1969, while on Taiwan Patrol she was caught in winds topping 70 knots and high seas while in the Straits.\n\nKey West \nIn early 1970, after a brief homeport assignment in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, Kretchmer transferred to the Atlantic Fleet via the Panama Canal, stopping in San Francisco and Acapulco along the way.  Her new homeport was Key West with DesDiv 601 and was an ASW training ship. During this time, she fired off hedgehogs as a weapons evaluation and later was to drop depth charges between two submarines at periscope depth for the submarine CO/XO school.\n\nFate \nShe was decommissioned in Key West, Florida on 1 October 1973 and stricken 30 September 1973. She was sold for scrapping 14 May 1974.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n NavSource Online: Destroyer Escort Photo Archive \u2013 USS Kretchmer (DE 329)\n\nEdsall-class destroyer escorts\nShips built in Orange, Texas\n1943 ships\nWorld War II frigates and destroyer escorts of the United States", "meta": {"title": "USS Kretchmer (DE-329)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Kretchmer%20%28DE-329%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ciosny \u2013 kolonia w Polsce po\u0142o\u017cona w wojew\u00f3dztwie \u0142\u00f3dzkim, w powiecie zgierskim, w gminie Zgierz.\n\nW latach 1975\u20131998 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 administracyjnie nale\u017ca\u0142a do \u00f3wczesnego wojew\u00f3dztwa \u0142\u00f3dzkiego.\n\nPrzypisy \n\nZgierz (gmina wiejska)", "meta": {"title": "Ciosny (kolonia w powiecie zgierskim)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciosny%20%28kolonia%20w%20powiecie%20zgierskim%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Die Bundesrechtsanwaltsordnung regelt das Berufsrecht der Rechtsanw\u00e4lte in Deutschland, das hei\u00dft die Rechte und Pflichten, die der Rechtsanwalt gegen\u00fcber Mandanten und Dritten zu beachten hat, sowie diverse weitere berufsrechtliche Fragen.\n\nGesetzesgliederung \n Teil: Der Rechtsanwalt\n Teil: Die Zulassung des Rechtsanwalts\n Teil: Die Rechte und Pflichten des Rechtsanwalts und die berufliche Zusammenarbeit der Rechtsanw\u00e4lte\n Teil: Die Rechtsanwaltskammern\n Teil: Das Anwaltsgericht, der Anwaltsgerichtshof und der Bundesgerichtshof in Anwaltssachen\n Teil: Die anwaltsgerichtliche Ahndung von Pflichtverletzungen\n Teil: Das anwaltsgerichtliche Verfahren\n Teil: Die Rechtsanwaltschaft bei dem Bundesgerichtshof\n Teil: Die Bundesrechtsanwaltskammer\n Teil: Die Kosten in Anwaltssachen\n Teil: Die Vollstreckung der anwaltsgerichtlichen Ma\u00dfnahmen und der Kosten\n Teil: Anw\u00e4lte aus anderen Staaten\n Teil: \u00dcbergangs- und Schlussvorschriften\n\nFolgen berufsrechtlicher Verst\u00f6\u00dfe \nRechtsanw\u00e4lte unterliegen der Berufsaufsicht ihrer Rechtsanwaltskammer. Verst\u00f6\u00dft ein Rechtsanwalt gegen Vorschriften der BRAO oder gegen Vorschriften der BORA, kann die Rechtsanwaltskammer dieses Verhalten mit einer R\u00fcge sanktionieren. Die Ahndung schwerer berufsrechtlicher Verfehlungen findet hingegen vor dem Anwaltsgericht statt.\n\nLiteratur \n Christian Dahns, Johannes Keller: Ein Blick zur\u00fcck auf wichtige berufsrechtliche Entscheidungen des Jahres 2011. In: BRAK-Mitteilungen 03/2012, 98 (PDF; 3,8\u00a0MB).\n Barbara Grunewald: Die Entwicklung der Rechtsprechung zum anwaltlichen Berufsrecht im Jahr 2011. In: NJW 52/2011, 3767 (Vorg\u00e4ngeraufsatz: \u2026\u00a0in den Jahren 2009\u20132010. In: NJW 49/2010, 3551).\n Wilhelm E. Feuerich, Dag Weyland: Bundesrechtsanwaltsordnung (BRAO). Kommentar. Vahlen, M\u00fcnchen 2012, ISBN 978-3-8006-3748-5.\n Michael Kleine-Cosack: Bundesrechtsanwaltsordnung mit Berufs- und Fachanwaltsordnung. Kommentar. 9., \u00fcberarbeitete und erg\u00e4nzte Auflage. C.\u00a0H.\u00a0Beck, M\u00fcnchen 2022, ISBN 978-3-406-77856-8.\n\nWeblinks\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nRechtsquelle (Deutschland)\nAnwaltschaft in Deutschland\nBerufsrecht der Rechtsanw\u00e4lte (Deutschland)\nRechtsquelle (20. Jahrhundert)", "meta": {"title": "Bundesrechtsanwaltsordnung", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundesrechtsanwaltsordnung", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Patricia Ann Reese (born 1950s) is an American former professional tennis player.\n\nReese grew up in St. Petersburg, Florida, where her father worked as a general surgeon. She won national championships as a junior and competed on the international tour during the 1970s. In 1975 she reached the third round of the Wimbledon Championships as a qualifier. She has been married to politician J. Edward Meyer since 1979.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n\n1950s births\nDate of birth missing (living people)\nLiving people\nAmerican female tennis players\nTennis people from Florida\nSportspeople from St. Petersburg, Florida", "meta": {"title": "Patty Ann Reese", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty%20Ann%20Reese", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rywalizacja w wadze do 63 kg kobiet w podnoszeniu ci\u0119\u017car\u00f3w na Letnich Igrzyskach Olimpijskich 2000 odby\u0142a si\u0119 19 wrze\u015bnia 2000 roku w hali Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre. W rywalizacji wystartowa\u0142o 9 zawodniczek z 9 kraj\u00f3w. By\u0142 to debiut tej konkurencji w programie olimpijskim. Pierwsz\u0105 w historii mistrzyni\u0105 olimpijsk\u0105 w tej kategorii wagowej zosta\u0142a Chinka Chen Xiaomin, srebrny medal wywalczy\u0142a Rosjanka Walentina Popowa, a trzecie miejsce zaj\u0119\u0142a Joana Chadziioanu z Grecji.\n\nWyniki\n\nBibliografia \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\nPodnoszenie ci\u0119\u017car\u00f3w na Letnich Igrzyskach Olimpijskich 2000", "meta": {"title": "Podnoszenie ci\u0119\u017car\u00f3w na Letnich Igrzyskach Olimpijskich 2000 \u2013 waga \u015brednia kobiet", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podnoszenie%20ci%C4%99%C5%BCar%C3%B3w%20na%20Letnich%20Igrzyskach%20Olimpijskich%202000%20%E2%80%93%20waga%20%C5%9Brednia%20kobiet", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0411\u0430\u043a\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0442\u0441 () \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0441. \u041f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0443 \u045a\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 515 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430 \n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 515 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0458\u0435 128 (33,1%) \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e 2000. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435.\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \n \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043a \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u0421\u0410\u0414 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\n \u041d\u0430\u0458\u0432\u0435\u045b\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0443 \u0421\u0410\u0414 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043c\u0430\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0443 \u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0441\u0443\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0421\u0410\u0414", "meta": {"title": "\u0411\u0430\u043a\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0442\u0441 (\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0441)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%81%20%28%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%81%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rhyme & Reason is an album by saxophonist Ted Nash which was recorded in 1998 and released on the Arabesque label the following year.\n\nReception\n\nThe AllMusic review by Michael G. Nastos said \"As an emerging improviser and thoroughly modern composer, Nash hits his stride with this startling recording, utilizing a double quartet of standard instrumentation and strings. ... Nash has created music that is jazz based but stretches into several different areas. It's new music in every sense, has a universal appeal, unquestioned high level musicianship, and intrigue. This is one you do not want to pass on. Highly recommended\".\n\nOn All About Jazz, Douglas Payne noted \"Ted Nash strives for something meaningful on Rhyme and Reason. Unlike other proclaimed and long-forgotten jazz events over the last few decades, Ted Nash has achieved something remarkable and lasting - just as the decade comes to an end\", John Sharpe stated \"At a time when the marketplace seems to be dominated by the sounds of \"smooth jazz,\" it's encouraging to know that recordings such as these are still being produced. Saxophonist Ted Nash, who grew up in a very musical family, composed and arranged the entire CD and it's an ambitious, challenging piece of work\", and Glenn Astarita observed \"On Rhyme & Reason, the \u201cTed Nash Double Quartet\u201d, is a finely tuned music machine, led by Nash\u2019 multifaceted horn work along with on-target ensemble work and brisk arrangements. ... an extremely impressive release. Rhyme and Reason has staying power! Nash\u2019 ability to entertain and sustain interest lies within his sharp arrangements, memorably melodic compositions and strong leadership qualities. Razor sharp soloing and ensemble work aside, Rhyme & Reason offers the complete package as it all sounds so natural and effortless\".\n\nIn JazzTimes, Bill Bennett wrote \"This recording demonstrates that the range of what might be called chamber jazz is just as broad as that of its classical cousin. ... Nash has created some stunning settings for improvisation. His playing is broadly sourced and often inspired\".\n\nTrack listing\nAll compositions by Ted Nash\n \"Apollo 9\" \u2013 8:31\n \"Rhyme\" \u2013 6:47\n \"Spirit Dance\" \u2013 8:49\n \"Longing\" \u2013 11:35\n \"Free Choice\" \u2013 5:28\n \"Sisters\" \u2013 11:24\n \"Prana\" \u2013 4:40\n \"Ishtar Gate\" \u2013 7:40\n \"The Trails\" \u2013 8:53\n\nPersonnel\nTed Nash \u2013 tenor saxophone, clarinet, alto flute, arranger\nWynton Marsalis \u2013 trumpet (tracks 1 & 6)\nFrank Kimbrough \u2013 piano\nBen Allison \u2013 double bass\nTim Horner \u2013 drums\nMiri Ben-Ari, Joyce Hammann \u2013 violin\nRon Lawrence \u2013 viola\nThomas Ulrich \u2013 cello\nErik Charlston \u2013 vibraphone, percussion\n\nReferences\n\nArabesque Records albums\nTed Nash (saxophonist, born 1960) albums\n1999 albums", "meta": {"title": "Rhyme & Reason (Ted Nash album)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyme%20%26%20Reason%20%28Ted%20Nash%20album%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La contea di Henderson in inglese Henderson County \u00e8 una contea dello Stato del Tennessee, negli Stati Uniti. La popolazione al censimento del 2000 era di 25 522 abitanti. Il capoluogo di contea \u00e8 Lexington.\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nHenderson", "meta": {"title": "Contea di Henderson (Tennessee)", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contea%20di%20Henderson%20%28Tennessee%29", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Age of Conan: Hyborian Adventures er et MMORPG (Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game). Computerudgaven af spillet udkom officielt til butikkerne d. 20 maj 2008 i USA og d. 23.maj 2008 i Europa. Age of Conan er funcom's store nye satsning. De st\u00e5r ogs\u00e5 for spillet Anarchy Online, som er et af de tidligere store mmorpg spil. Siden udgivelsen af spillet, er det g\u00e5et hen og blevet den st\u00f8rste udgivelse af en MMO titel siden udgivelsen af spillet World of Warcraft (daglig tale kaldet WoW) (kilde:kokatu.com).\n\nHistorien \nAge of Conan bygger over b\u00f8gerne Conan the Cimmerian skrevet af Robert E. Howard i 1930erne og tr\u00e6kker ogs\u00e5 meget fra de film som blevet lavet i 80'erne.\n\nUdvidelser \nDen 11. maj 2010 udkom den f\u00f8rste udvidelse, kaldet \"Rise of The Godslayer\", som foreg\u00e5r i det asitisk inspirerede land Khitai. Historien er l\u00f8st baseret p\u00e5 den originale fort\u00e6lling \"Tower of The Elephant\".\n\nI starten af 2011 opdaterede Funcom Age of Conans grafiske motor, med bedre optimering for d\u00e5rligere computere, og for bedre udviklings muligheder i fremtiden.\n\nQuests og anden Information \nIngen information endnu.\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n Officiel Age of Conan hjemmeside\n AoC Wikia\n Gratis AoC Guide \n Victrix Legion  Skandinavisk guild p\u00e5 Aquilonia\n\nReferencer \n\nComputerspil fra 2008\nMMORPG\nWindows-spil\nXbox 360-spil\nFree-to-play", "meta": {"title": "Age of Conan: Hyborian Adventures", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age%20of%20Conan%3A%20Hyborian%20Adventures", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u017d\u00ed\u0161ov (deutsch Schischow, fr\u00fcher Zischow) ist eine Gemeinde in Tschechien. Sie liegt zwei Kilometer n\u00f6rdlich von Vesel\u00ed nad Lu\u017enic\u00ed in S\u00fcdb\u00f6hmen und geh\u00f6rt zum Okres T\u00e1bor.\n\nGeographie \n\n\u017d\u00ed\u0161ov befindet sich auf der Anh\u00f6he Za Humny (428 m) \u00fcber der Einm\u00fcndung des Baches Bechy\u0148sk\u00fd potok bzw. Ryt\u00ed\u0159sk\u00fd potok in die Lainsitz im Wittingauer Becken. Im Osten erhebt sich der Na Klob\u00e1sn\u00e9 (470 m). S\u00fcdlich des Dorfes verl\u00e4uft die E55/I/3 zwischen Prag und Budweis. Am \u00f6stlichen Ortsrand entsteht die Autobahn D 3 mit der Abfahrt Vesel\u00ed nad Lu\u017enic\u00ed-sever.\n\nNachbarorte sind Vesce, \u010ceraz und Dr\u00e1chov im Norden, \u0158\u00edpec im Nordosten, \u00dajezdec und Zlukov im Osten, Mez\u00edmost\u00ed nad Ne\u017e\u00e1rkou im S\u00fcdosten, Vesel\u00ed nad Lu\u017enic\u00ed im S\u00fcden, Horusice, Kundratice und Sviny im S\u00fcdwesten, Horn\u00ed Bukovsko, Hartmanice und Borkovice im Westen sowie Kom\u00e1rov, Vlastibo\u0159 und Z\u00e1lu\u017e\u00ed im Nordwesten.\n\nGeschichte \n\u017d\u00ed\u0161ov entstand wahrscheinlich im 12. Jahrhundert und geh\u00f6rte zu den Besitzungen der Witigonen. Die erste schriftliche Erw\u00e4hnung des Dorfes erfolgte im Jahre 1362. Zu Beginn der Hussitenkriege pl\u00fcnderten die Pikarden (Adamiten) von Ostrov das Dorf. Im Jahre 1421 unternahm Jan \u017di\u017eka mit 400 Mann eine erfolgreiche Strafexpedition gegen die Sekte. Die \u00f6rtliche \u00dcberlieferung berichtet, dass das Dorf danach als Zeichen der Dankbarkeit den Namen \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov angenommen h\u00e4tte. Als K\u00f6nig Vladislav II. Jagiello am 6. Oktober 1488 alle Rechte an der Stadt Vesel\u00ed an die Rosenberger abtrat, wurde \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov dabei als Zubeh\u00f6r von Vesel\u00ed aufgef\u00fchrt. Im Laufe der Zeit wurde der Ort als \u017dissov und \u017die\u0161ov bezeichnet. Nach dem Tode von Peter Wok von Rosenberg fiel die Herrschaft Wittingau 1612 Peter von Schwanberg zu. Dessen Verm\u00f6gen wurde nach der Schlacht am Wei\u00dfen Berge wegen seiner Teilnahme am St\u00e4ndeaufstand von 1618 konfisziert. Es fiel an die Habsburger, die die Gegenreformation durchf\u00fchrten. Erzherzog Leopold Wilhelm von \u00d6sterreich trat 1660 die Herrschaft Wittingau an die Grafen Schwarzenberg ab. Im Jahre 1840 bestand Zischow/Zissow aus 33 H\u00e4usern mit 204 Einwohnern, wovon ein Haus nach Kardasch Retschitz untert\u00e4nig war. Pfarrort war Wesely. Bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts blieb das Dorf immer der Herrschaft Wittingau untert\u00e4nig.\n\nNach der Aufhebung der Patrimonialherrschaften bildete \u017di\u0161ov/Schischow ab 1850 einen Ortsteil der Gemeinde Dr\u00e1chov in der Bezirkshauptmannschaft T\u0159ebo\u0148/Wittingau und dem Gerichtsbezirk Vesel\u00ed nad Lu\u017enic\u00ed. Seit dieser Zeit ist Dr\u00e1chov Pfarr- und Schulort. Im Jahre 1873 l\u00f6ste sich \u0160i\u0161ov bzw. \u017di\u0161ov von Dr\u00e1chov los und bildete eine eigene Gemeinde. Seit 1924 findet der Ortsname \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov Verwendung. Nach der Aufhebung des Okres T\u0159ebo\u0148 wurde \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov 1948 Teil des Okres Sob\u011bslav. Dieser wurde 1961 wieder aufgel\u00f6st und der Ort dem Okres T\u00e1bor zugeordnet, zugleich erfolgte die Eingemeindung als Ortsteil Vesel\u00ed nad Lu\u017enic\u00ed III \u2013 \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov nach Vesel\u00ed nad Lu\u017enic\u00ed. Nach einem Referendum l\u00f6ste sich \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov zum 24. November 1990 wieder los und bildete eine eigene Gemeinde.\n\nGemeindegliederung \nF\u00fcr die Gemeinde \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov sind keine Ortsteile ausgewiesen.\n\nS\u00f6hne und T\u00f6chter der Gemeinde \n Mat\u011bj Kube\u0161 (1892\u20131952), Fl\u00fcgelhornist und Kapellmeister\n Ladislav Kube\u0161 (* 1949), Musikverleger, Musiker und Kapellmeister\n\nSehensw\u00fcrdigkeiten \n Kapelle der hl. Anna, errichtet 1837 auf Veranlassung des Ortsrichters Jan \u0160afr\u00e1nek anstelle eines Glockenturmes, bis 1908 war sie dem hl. Johannes von Nepomuk geweiht\n Naturschutzgebiet Doub\u00ed u \u017d\u00ed\u0161ova, \u00f6stlich des Dorfes an der Lainsitz\n Naturschutzgebiet Torfmoor Kozohl\u016fdky, nordwestlich von \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\n Geschichte von \u017d\u00ed\u0161ov\n\nErsterw\u00e4hnung 1362", "meta": {"title": "\u017d\u00ed\u0161ov", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BD%C3%AD%C5%A1ov", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "(20853) Yunxiangchu (2000 VQ13) \u2013 planetoida z grupy pasa g\u0142\u00f3wnego asteroid okr\u0105\u017caj\u0105ca S\u0142o\u0144ce w ci\u0105gu 4,01 lat w \u015bredniej odleg\u0142o\u015bci 2,52 j.a. Odkryta 1 listopada 2000 roku.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n lista planetoid 20001\u201321000\n lista planetoid\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n \n \n\nPlanetoidy pasa g\u0142\u00f3wnego\nNazwane planetoidy\nObiekty astronomiczne odkryte w 2000", "meta": {"title": "(20853) Yunxiangchu", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2820853%29%20Yunxiangchu", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "O Zmaj Fizir FP-2 foi um avi\u00e3o monomotor biplano de treinamento avan\u00e7ado da Iugosl\u00e1via. Foi designado por Rudolf Fizir e Du\u0161an Stankov e constru\u00eddo na fabrica da Zmaj de Zemun em 1936.\n\nDesign e desenvolvimento\nEm 1933 o comando da For\u00e7a A\u00e9rea Real da Iugosl\u00e1via (FARI), decidiu substituir os seus avi\u00f5es antigos por modernos treinadores, para um transicional treinamento b\u00e1sico de combate. A Zmaj designou um prot\u00f3tipo de biplano o Fizir FP-1, para o treino transicional de pilotos, mas este se mostrou insatisfat\u00f3rio em todos os requerimentos da FARI. Como resultado desta rejei\u00e7\u00e3o os designers e engenheiros Rudolf Fizir e Du\u0161an Stankov realizaram modifica\u00e7\u00f5es no FP-1 e prot\u00f3tipo retornou com a designa\u00e7\u00e3o de Zmaj Fizir FP-2.\n\nHist\u00f3ria operacional\nUm total de 66 aeronaves desta configura\u00e7\u00e3o foram enviadas \u00e0 For\u00e7a A\u00e9rea Real da Iugosl\u00e1via que serviram de 1936 at\u00e9 1941. Com uso prim\u00e1rio para treinamento militar de pilotos. Foram 20 entregues no in\u00edcio de 1936 e mais 45 de 1938 a 1940, uma terceira entrega foi introduzida com equipamento para voo cego. Estes possu\u00edam painel de controle similar aos das aeronaves Rogo\u017earski PVT. A quinta s\u00e9rie (15 c\u00f3pias encomendadas em 1940) n\u00e3o foram completadas por causa do in\u00edcio da guerra em abril. No in\u00edcio de 1943 os nazistas completaram a s\u00e9rie 5 do Zmaj Fizir FP-2 para a For\u00e7a A\u00e9rea da Cro\u00e1cia, mas \u00e0 22 de outubro de 1944 (Dia da Libera\u00e7\u00e3o de Zemun) somente 8 aeronaves foram entregues. Os 7 outros foram completados e apanhados ap\u00f3s a liberta\u00e7\u00e3o e usados pela for\u00e7a a\u00e9rea do ex\u00e9rcito iugoslavo. O total de aeronaves Zmaj Fizir FP-2 foi de 81.\n\nOperadores\n\nVer tamb\u00e9m\n Zmaj Fizir FN\n Fizir F1V\n Rogo\u017earski PVT\n Rogo\u017earski R-100\n\n \u041e. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b; \u0412\u043e\u0458\u043d\u0438 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0459\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0421\u0425\u0421/\u0408\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0458\u0435 (\u0414\u0435\u043e II: 1931\u20131941.), \u041b\u0435\u0442 3/2004. \u0411\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434, 2004.\n \u0412. \u0418\u043b\u0438\u045b; \u0428\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0458\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0432\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0459\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0421\u0425\u0421/\u0408\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0458\u0435, \u041b\u0435\u0442 3/2004. \u0411\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434, 2004.\n Grey, C.G. (1972). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938. London: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5734-4.\n Gunston, Bill (1989). World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines (2 ed.). Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-85260-163-9.\n Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, Prospero Books, ISBN 1-894102-24-X\n Jani\u0107, \u010cedomir; Petrovi\u0107, O. (2011). Short History of Aviation in Serbia. Beograd: Aerokomunikacije. ISBN 978-86-913973-2-6.\n \u0408\u0430\u043d\u0438\u045b, \u0427\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0440; \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b, \u041e\u0433\u045a\u0430\u043d (2010). \u0412\u0435\u043a \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0421\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0458\u0438 1910-2010, 225 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0458\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430. \u0411\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434: \u0410\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435. ISBN 978-86-913973-0-2.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas\n Jugoslovenski avion ZMAJ-FIZIR FP 2\n Fizir FP-2 - airserbia.com\n Fizir FP - www.airwar.ru\n\nFizir FP-2", "meta": {"title": "Zmaj Fizir FP-2", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zmaj%20Fizir%20FP-2", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "ZETA, short for Zero Energy Thermonuclear Assembly, was a major experiment in the early history of fusion power research. Based on the pinch plasma confinement technique, and built at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment in the United Kingdom, ZETA was larger and more powerful than any fusion machine in the world at that time. Its goal was to produce large numbers of fusion reactions, although it was not large enough to produce net energy.\n\nZETA went into operation in August 1957 and by the end of the month it was giving off bursts of about a million neutrons per pulse. Measurements suggested the fuel was reaching between 1 and 5 million kelvins, a temperature that would produce nuclear fusion reactions, explaining the quantities of neutrons being seen. Early results were leaked to the press in September 1957, and the following January an extensive review was released. Front-page articles in newspapers around the world announced it as a breakthrough towards unlimited energy, a scientific advance for Britain greater than the recently launched Sputnik had been for the Soviet Union.\n\nUS and Soviet experiments had also given off similar neutron bursts at temperatures that were not high enough for fusion. This led Lyman Spitzer to express his scepticism of the results, but his comments were dismissed by UK observers as jingoism. Further experiments on ZETA showed that the original temperature measurements were misleading; the bulk temperature was too low for fusion reactions to create the number of neutrons being seen. The claim that ZETA had produced fusion had to be publicly withdrawn, an embarrassing event that cast a chill over the entire fusion establishment. The neutrons were later explained as being the product of instabilities in the fuel. These instabilities appeared inherent to any similar design, and work on the basic pinch concept as a road to fusion power ended by 1961.\n\nIn spite of ZETA's failure to achieve fusion, the device went on to have a long experimental lifetime and produced numerous important advances in the field. In one line of development, the use of lasers to more accurately measure the temperature was tested on ZETA, and was later used to confirm the results of the Soviet tokamak approach. In another, while examining ZETA test runs it was noticed that the plasma self-stabilised after the power was turned off. This has led to the modern reversed field pinch concept. More generally, studies of the instabilities in ZETA have led to several important theoretical advances that form the basis of modern plasma theory.\n\nConceptual development \nThe basic understanding of nuclear fusion was developed during the 1920s as physicists explored the new science of quantum mechanics. George Gamow's 1928 exploration of quantum tunnelling demonstrated that nuclear reactions could take place at lower energies than classical theory predicted. Using this theory, in 1929 Fritz Houtermans and Robert Atkinson demonstrated that expected reaction rates in the core of the Sun supported Arthur Eddington's 1920 suggestion that the Sun is powered by fusion.\n\nIn 1934, Mark Oliphant, Paul Harteck and Ernest Rutherford were the first to achieve fusion on Earth, using a particle accelerator to shoot deuterium nuclei into a metal foil containing deuterium, lithium or other elements. This allowed them to measure the nuclear cross section of various fusion reactions, and determined that the deuterium-deuterium reaction occurred at a lower energy than other reactions, peaking at about 100,000\u00a0electronvolts (100\u00a0keV).\n\nThis energy corresponds to the average energy of particles in a gas heated to thousands of millions of kelvins. Materials heated beyond a few tens of thousands of kelvins dissociate into their electrons and nuclei, producing a gas-like state of matter known as plasma. In any gas the particles have a wide range of energies, normally following the Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann statistics. In such a mixture, a small number of particles will have much higher energy than the bulk.\n\nThis leads to an interesting possibility; even at temperatures well below 100,000 eV, some particles will randomly have enough energy to undergo fusion. Those reactions release huge amounts of energy. If that energy can be captured back into the plasma, it can heat other particles to that energy as well, making the reaction self-sustaining. In 1944, Enrico Fermi calculated this would occur at about 50,000,000 K.\n\nConfinement \n\nTaking advantage of this possibility requires the fuel plasma to be held together long enough that these random reactions have time to occur. Like any hot gas, the plasma has an internal pressure and thus tends to expand according to the ideal gas law. For a fusion reactor, the problem is keeping the plasma contained against this pressure; any known physical container would melt at these temperatures.\n\nA plasma is electrically conductive, and is subject to electric and magnetic fields. In a magnetic field, the electrons and nuclei orbit the magnetic field lines. A simple confinement system is a plasma-filled tube placed inside the open core of a solenoid. The plasma naturally wants to expand outwards to the walls of the tube, as well as move along it, towards the ends. The solenoid creates a magnetic field running down the centre of the tube, which the particles will orbit, preventing their motion towards the sides. Unfortunately, this arrangement does not confine the plasma along the length of the tube, and the plasma is free to flow out the ends.\n\nThe obvious solution to this problem is to bend the tube around into a torus (a ring or doughnut shape). Motion towards the sides remains constrained as before, and while the particles remain free to move along the lines, in this case, they will simply circulate around the long axis of the tube. But, as Fermi pointed out, when the solenoid is bent into a ring, the electrical windings would be closer together on the inside than the outside. This would lead to an uneven field across the tube, and the fuel will slowly drift out of the centre. Some additional force needs to counteract this drift, providing long-term confinement.\n\nPinch concept \n\nA potential solution to the confinement problem had been detailed in 1934 by Willard Harrison Bennett. Any electrical current creates a magnetic field, and due to the Lorentz force, this causes an inward directed force. This was first noticed in lightning rods. Bennett showed that the same effect would cause a current to \"self-focus\" a plasma into a thin column. A second paper by Lewi Tonks in 1937 considered the issue again, introducing the name \"pinch effect\". It was followed by a paper by Tonks and William Allis.\n\nApplying a pinch current in a plasma can be used to counteract expansion and confine the plasma. A simple way to do this is to put the plasma in a linear tube and pass a current through it using electrodes at either end, like a fluorescent lamp. This arrangement still produces no confinement along the length of the tube, so the plasma flows onto the electrodes, rapidly eroding them. This is not a problem for a purely experimental machine, and there are ways to reduce the rate. Another solution is to place a magnet next to the tube; when the magnetic field changes, the fluctuations cause an electric current to be induced in the plasma. The major advantage of this arrangement is that there are no physical objects within the tube, so it can be formed into a torus and allow the plasma to circulate freely.\n\nThe toroidal pinch concept as a route to fusion was explored in the UK during the mid-1940s, especially by George Paget Thomson of Imperial College London. With the formation of the Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) at Harwell, Oxfordshire, in 1945, Thomson repeatedly petitioned the director, John Cockcroft, for funds to develop an experimental machine. These requests were turned down. At the time there was no obvious military use, so the concept was left unclassified. This allowed Thomson and Moses Blackman to file a patent on the idea in 1946, describing a device using just enough pinch current to ionise and briefly confine the plasma while being heated by a microwave source that would also continually drive the current.\n\nAs a practical device there is an additional requirement, that the reaction conditions last long enough to burn a reasonable amount of the fuel. In the original Thomson and Blackman design, it was the job of the microwave injection to drive the electrons to maintain the current and produce pinches that lasted on the order of one minute, allowing the plasma to reach 500 million K. The current in the plasma also heated it; if the current was also used as the heat source, the only limit to the heating was the power of the pulse. This led to a new reactor design where the system operated in brief but very powerful pulses. Such a machine would demand a very large power supply.\n\nFirst machines \nIn 1947, Cockcroft arranged a meeting of several Harwell physicists to study Thomson's latest concepts, including Harwell's director of theoretical physics, Klaus Fuchs. Thomson's concepts were poorly received, especially by Fuchs. When this presentation also failed to gain funding, Thomson passed along his concepts to two graduate students at Imperial, Stanley (Stan) W. Cousins and Alan Alfred Ware (1924-2010). He added a report on a type of toroidal particle accelerator known as the \"Wirbelrohr\" (\"whirl tube\"), designed in Germany by Max Steenbeck. The Wirbelrohr consisted of a transformer with a torus-shaped vacuum tube as its secondary coil, similar in concept to the toroidal pinch devices.\n\nLater that year, Ware built a small machine out of old radar equipment and was able to induce powerful currents. When they did, the plasma gave off flashes of light, but he could not devise a way to measure the temperature of the plasma. Thomson continued to pressure the government to allow him to build a full-scale device, using his considerable political currency to argue for the creation of a dedicated experimental station at the Associated Electrical Industries (AEI) lab that had recently been constructed at Aldermaston.\n\nWare discussed the experiments with anyone who was interested, including Jim Tuck of Clarendon Laboratory at Oxford University. While working at Los Alamos during the war, Tuck and Stanislaw Ulam had built an unsuccessful fusion system using shaped charge explosives, but it did not work. Tuck was joined by Australian Peter Thonemann, who had worked on fusion theory, and the two arranged funding through Clarendon to build a small device like the one at Imperial. But before this work started, Tuck was offered a job in the US, eventually returning to Los Alamos.\n\nThonemann continued working on the idea and began a rigorous programme to explore the basic physics of plasmas in a magnetic field. Starting with linear tubes and mercury gas, he found that the current tended to expand outward through the plasma until it touched the walls of the container (see skin effect). He countered this with the addition of small electromagnets outside the tube, which pushed back against the current and kept it centred. By 1949, he had moved on from the glass tubes to a larger copper torus, in which he was able to demonstrate a stable pinched plasma. Frederick Lindemann and Cockcroft visited and were duly impressed.\n\nCockcroft asked Herbert Skinner to review the concepts, which he did in April 1948. He was sceptical of Thomson's ideas for creating a current in the plasma and thought Thonemann's ideas seemed more likely to work. He also pointed out that the behaviour of plasmas in a magnetic field was not well understood, and that \"it is useless to do much further planning before this doubt is resolved.\"\n\nMeanwhile, at Los Alamos, Tuck acquainted the US researchers with the British efforts. In early 1951, Lyman Spitzer introduced his stellarator concept and was shopping the idea around the nuclear establishment looking for funding. Tuck was sceptical of Spitzer's enthusiasm and felt his development programme was \"incredibly ambitious\". He proposed a much less aggressive programme based on pinch. Both men presented their ideas in Washington in May 1951, which resulted in the Atomic Energy Commission giving Spitzer US$50,000. Tuck convinced Norris Bradbury, the director of Los Alamos, to give him US$50,000 from the discretionary budget, using it to build the Perhapsatron.\n\nEarly results \n\nIn 1950 Fuchs admitted to passing UK and US atomic secrets to the USSR. As fusion devices generated high energy neutrons, which could be used to enrich nuclear fuel for bombs, the UK immediately classified all their fusion research. This meant the teams could no longer work in the open environment of the universities. The Imperial team under Ware moved to the AEI labs at Aldermaston and the Oxford team under Thonemann moved to Harwell.\n\nBy early 1952 there were numerous pinch devices in operation; Cousins and Ware had built several follow-on machines under the name Sceptre, and the Harwell team had built a series of ever-larger machines known as Mark I through Mark IV. In the US, Tuck built his Perhapsatron in January 1952. It was later learned that Fuchs had passed the UK work to the Soviets, and that they had started a fusion programme as well.\n\nIt was clear to all of these groups that something was seriously wrong in the pinch machines. As the current was applied, the plasma column inside the vacuum tube would become unstable and break up, ruining the compression. Further work identified two types of instabilities, nicknamed \"kink\" and \"sausage\". In the kink, the normally toroidal plasma would bend to the sides, eventually touching the edges of the vessel. In the sausage, the plasma would neck down at locations along the plasma column to form a pattern similar to a link of sausages.\n\nInvestigations demonstrated both were caused by the same underlying mechanism. When the pinch current was applied, any area of the gas that had a slightly higher density would create a slightly stronger magnetic field and collapse faster than the surrounding gas. This caused the localised area to have higher density, which created an even stronger pinch, and a runaway reaction would follow. The quick collapse in a single area would cause the whole column to break up.\n\nStabilised pinch \n\nEarly studies of the phenomenon suggested one solution to the problem was to increase the compression rate. In this approach, the compression would be started and stopped so rapidly that the bulk of the plasma would not have time to move; instead, a shock wave created by this rapid compression would be responsible for compressing the majority of the plasma. This approach became known as fast pinch. The Los Alamos team working on the Columbus linear machine designed an updated version to test this theory.\n\nOthers started looking for ways to stabilise the plasma during compression, and by 1953 two concepts had come to the fore. One solution was to wrap the vacuum tube in a sheet of thin but highly conductive metal. If the plasma column began to move, the current in the plasma would induce a magnetic field in the sheet, one that, due to Lenz's law, would push back against the plasma. This was most effective against large, slow movements, like the entire plasma torus drifting within the chamber.\n\nThe second solution used additional electromagnets wrapped around the vacuum tube. The magnetic fields from these magnets mixed with the pinch field created by the current in the plasma. The result was that the paths of the particles within the plasma tube were no longer purely circular around the torus, but twisted like the stripes on a barber's pole. In the US, this concept was known as giving the plasma a \"backbone\", suppressing small-scale, localised instabilities. Calculations showed that this stabilised pinch would dramatically improve confinement times, and the older concepts \"suddenly seemed obsolete\".\n\nMarshall Rosenbluth, recently arrived at Los Alamos, began a detailed theoretical study of the pinch concept. With his wife Arianna W. Rosenbluth and Richard Garwin, he developed \"motor theory\", or \"M-theory\", published in 1954. The theory predicted that the heating effect of the electric current was greatly increased with the power of the electric field. This suggested that the fast pinch concept would be more likely to succeed, as it was easier to produce larger currents in these devices. When he incorporated the idea of stabilising magnets into the theory a second phenomenon appeared; for a particular, and narrow, set of conditions based on the physical size of the reactor, the power of the stabilising magnets and the amount of pinch, toroidal machines appeared to be naturally stable.\n\nZETA begins construction \n\nUS researchers planned to test both fast pinch and stabilised pinch by modifying their existing small-scale machines. In the UK, Thomson once again pressed for funding for a larger machine. This time he was much more warmly received, and initial funding of \u00a3200,000 was provided in late 1954. Design work continued during 1955, and in July the project was named ZETA. The term \"zero energy\" was a phrase used in the nuclear industry to refer to small research reactors, like ZEEP, which had a role similar to ZETA's goal of producing reactions while releasing no net energy.\n\nThe ZETA design was finalised in early 1956. Metropolitan-Vickers was hired to build the machine, which included a 150\u00a0tonne pulse transformer, the largest built in Britain to that point. A serious issue arose when the required high-strength steels needed for the electrical components were in short supply, but a strike in the US electrical industry caused a sudden glut of material, resolving the problem.\n\nZETA was the largest and most powerful fusion device in the world at the time of its construction. Its aluminium torus had an internal bore of  and a major radius of , over three times the size of any machine built to date. It was also the most powerful design, incorporating an induction magnet that was designed to induce currents up to 100,000 amperes (amps) into the plasma. Later amendments to the design increased this to 200,000 amps. It included both types of stabilisation; its aluminium walls acted as the metal shield, and a series of secondary magnets ringed the torus. Windows placed in the gaps between the toroidal magnets allowed direct inspection of the plasma.\n\nIn July 1954, the AERE was reorganised into the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA). Modifications to Harwell's Hangar 7 in order to house the machine began that year. Despite its advanced design, the price tag was modest: about US$1\u00a0million. By late 1956 it was clear that ZETA was going to come online in mid-1957, beating the Model C stellarator and the newest versions of the Perhapsatron and Columbus. Because these projects were secret, based on the little information available the press concluded they were versions of the same conceptual device, and that the British were far ahead in the race to produce a working machine.\n\nSoviet visit and the push to declassify \n\nFrom 1953 the US had increasingly concentrated on the fast pinch concept. Some of these machines had produced neutrons, and these were initially associated with fusion. There was so much excitement that several other researchers quickly entered the field as well. Among these was Stirling Colgate, but his experiments quickly led him to conclude that fusion was not taking place. According to Spitzer resistivity, the temperature of the plasma could be determined from the current flowing through it. When Colgate performed the calculation, the temperatures in the plasma were far below the requirements for fusion.\n\nThis being the case, some other effect had to be creating the neutrons. Further work demonstrated that these were the result of instabilities in the fuel. The localised areas of high magnetic field acted as tiny particle accelerators, causing reactions that ejected neutrons. Modifications attempting to reduce these instabilities failed to improve the situation and by 1956 the fast pinch concept had largely been abandoned. The US labs began turning their attention to the stabilised pinch concept, but by this time ZETA was almost complete and the US was well behind.\n\nIn 1956, while planning a well publicised state visit by Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolai Bulganin to the UK, the Harwell researchers received an offer from Soviet scientist Igor Kurchatov to give a talk. They were surprised when he began his talk on \"the possibility of producing thermonuclear reactions in a gaseous discharge\". Kurchatov's speech revealed the Soviet efforts to produce fast pinch devices similar to the American designs, and their problems with instabilities in the plasmas. Kurchatov noted that they had also seen neutrons being released, and had initially believed them to be from fusion. But as they examined the numbers, it became clear the plasma was not hot enough and they concluded the neutrons were from other interactions.\n\nKurchatov's speech made it apparent that the three countries were all working on the same basic concepts and had all encountered the same sorts of problems. Cockcroft missed Kurchatov's visit because he had left for the US to press for declassification of the fusion work to avoid this duplication of effort. There was a widespread belief on both sides of the Atlantic that sharing their findings would greatly improve progress. Now that it was known the Soviets were at the same basic development level, and that they were interested in talking about it publicly, the US and UK began considering releasing much of their information as well. This developed into a wider effort to release all fusion research at the second Atoms for Peace conference in Geneva in September 1958.\n\nIn June 1957 the UK and US finalised their agreement to release data to each other sometime prior to the conference, which both the UK and the US planned on attending \"in force\". The final terms were reached on 27 November 1957, opening the projects to mutual inspection, and calling for a wide public release of all the data in January 1958.\n\nPromising results \n\nZETA started operation in mid-August 1957, initially with hydrogen. These runs demonstrated that ZETA was not suffering from the same stability problems that earlier pinch machines had seen and their plasmas were lasting for milliseconds, up from microseconds, a full three orders of magnitude improvement. The length of the pulses allowed the plasma temperature to be measured using spectrographic means; although the light emitted was broadband, the Doppler shifting of the spectral lines of slight impurities in the gas (oxygen in particular) led to calculable temperatures.\n\nEven in early experimental runs, the team started introducing deuterium gas into the mix and began increasing the current to 200,000\u00a0amps. On the evening of 30 August the machine produced huge numbers of neutrons, on the order of one million per experimental pulse, or \"shot\". An effort to duplicate the results and eliminate possible measurement failure followed.\n\nMuch depended on the temperature of the plasma; if the temperature was low, the neutrons would not be fusion related. Spectrographic measurements suggested plasma temperatures between 1 and 5 million K; at those temperatures the predicted rate of fusion was within a factor of two of the number of neutrons being seen. It appeared that ZETA had reached the long-sought goal of producing small numbers of fusion reactions, as it was designed to do.\n\nUS efforts had suffered a string of minor technical setbacks that delayed their experiments by about a year; both the new Perhapsatron S-3 and Columbus II did not start operating until around the same time as ZETA in spite of being much smaller experiments. Nevertheless, as these experiments came online in mid-1957, they too began generating neutrons. By September, both these machines and a new design, DCX at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, appeared so promising that Edward Gardner reported that:\n\nPrestige politics \n\nThe news was too good to keep bottled up. Tantalising leaks started appearing in September. In October, Thonemann, Cockcroft and William P. Thompson hinted that interesting results would be following. In November a UKAEA spokesman noted \"The indications are that fusion has been achieved\". Based on these hints, the Financial Times dedicated an entire two-column article to the issue. Between then and early 1958, the British press published an average of two articles a week on ZETA. Even the US papers picked up the story; on 17 November The New York Times reported on the hints of success.\n\nAlthough the British and US had agreed to release their data in full, at this point the overall director of the US program, Lewis Strauss, decided to hold back the release. Tuck argued that the field looked so promising that it would be premature to release any data before the researchers knew that fusion was definitely taking place. Strauss agreed, and announced that they would withhold their data for a period to check their results.\n\nAs the matter became better known in the press, on 26 November the publication issue was raised in House of Commons. Responding to a question by the opposition, the leader of the house announced the results publicly while explaining the delay in publication due to the UK\u2013US agreement. The UK press interpreted this differently, claiming that the US was dragging its feet because it was unable to replicate the British results.\n\nThings came to a head on 12 December when a former member of parliament, Anthony Nutting, wrote a New York Herald Tribune article claiming:\n\nThe article resulted in a flurry of activity in the Macmillan administration. Having originally planned to release their results at a scheduled meeting of the Royal Society, there was great concern over whether to invite the Americans and Soviets, especially as they believed the Americans would be greatly upset if the Soviets arrived, but just as upset if they were not invited and the event was all-British. The affair eventually led to the UKAEA making a public announcement that the US was not holding back the ZETA results, but this infuriated the local press, which continued to claim the US was delaying to allow them to catch up.\n\nEarly concerns \n\nWhen the information-sharing agreement was signed in November a further benefit was realised: teams from the various labs were allowed to visit each other. The US team, including Stirling Colgate, Lyman Spitzer, Jim Tuck and Arthur Edward Ruark, all visited ZETA and concluded there was a \"major probability\" the neutrons were from fusion.\n\nOn his return to the US, Spitzer calculated that something was wrong with the ZETA results. He noticed that the apparent temperature, 5 million K, would not have time to develop during the short firing times. ZETA did not discharge enough energy into the plasma to heat it to those temperatures so quickly. If the temperature was increasing at the relatively slow rate his calculations suggested, fusion would not be taking place early in the reaction, and could not be adding energy that might make up the difference. Spitzer suspected the temperature reading was not accurate. Since it was the temperature reading that suggested the neutrons were from fusion, if the temperature was lower, it implied the neutrons were non-fusion in origin.\n\nColgate had reached similar conclusions. In early 1958, he, Harold Furth and John Ferguson started an extensive study of the results from all known pinch machines. Instead of inferring temperature from neutron energy, they used the conductivity of the plasma itself, based on the well-understood relationships between temperature and conductivity. They concluded that the machines were producing temperatures perhaps  what the neutrons were suggesting, nowhere near hot enough to explain the number of neutrons being produced, regardless of their energy.\n\nBy this time the latest versions of the US pinch devices, Perhapsatron S-3 and Columbus S-4, were producing neutrons of their own. The fusion research world reached a high point. In January, results from pinch experiments in the US and UK both announced that neutrons were being released, and that fusion had apparently been achieved. The misgivings of Spitzer and Colgate were ignored.\n\nPublic release, worldwide interest \n\nThe long-planned release of fusion data was announced to the public in mid-January. Considerable material from the UK's ZETA and Sceptre devices was released in depth in the 25 January 1958 edition of Nature, which also included results from Los Alamos' Perhapsatron S-3, Columbus II and Columbus S-2. The UK press was livid. The Observer wrote that \"Admiral Strauss' tactics have soured what should be an exciting announcement of scientific progress so that it has become a sordid episode of prestige politics.\"\n\nThe results were typical of the normally sober scientific language, and although the neutrons were noted, there were no strong claims as to their source. The day before the release, Cockcroft, the overall director at Harwell, called a press conference to introduce the British press to the results. Some indication of the importance of the event can be seen in the presence of a BBC television field crew, a rare occurrence at that time. He began by introducing the fusion programme and the ZETA machine, and then noted:\n\nThe reporters at the meeting were not satisfied with this assessment and continued to press Cockcroft on the neutron issue. After being asked several times, he eventually stated that in his opinion, he was \"90 percent certain\" they were from fusion. This was unwise; a statement of opinion from a Nobel prize winner was taken as a statement of fact. The next day, the Sunday newspapers were covered with the news that fusion had been achieved in ZETA, often with claims about how the UK was now far in the lead in fusion research. Cockcroft further hyped the results on television following the release, stating: \"To Britain this discovery is greater than the Russian Sputnik.\"\n\nAs planned, the US also released a large batch of results from their smaller pinch machines. Many of them were also giving off neutrons, although ZETA was stabilised for much longer periods and generating more neutrons, by a factor of about 1000. When questioned about the success in the UK, Strauss denied that the US was behind in the fusion race. When reporting on the topic, The New York Times chose to focus on Los Alamos' Columbus II, only mentioning ZETA later in the article, and then concluded the two countries were \"neck and neck.\" Other reports from the US generally gave equal support to both programmes. Newspapers from the rest of the world were more favourable to the UK; Radio Moscow went so far to publicly congratulate the UK while failing to mention the US results at all.\n\nAs ZETA continued to generate positive results, plans were made to build a follow-on machine. The new design was announced in May; ZETA II would be a significantly larger US$14\u00a0million machine whose explicit goal would be to reach 100\u00a0million K, and generate net power. This announcement gathered praise even in the US; The New York Times ran a story about the new version. Machines similar to ZETA were being announced around the world; Osaka University announced their pinch machine was even more successful than ZETA, the Aldermaston team announced positive results from their Sceptre machine costing only US$28,000, and a new reactor was built in Uppsala University that was presented publicly later that year. The Efremov Institute in Leningrad began construction of a smaller version of ZETA, although still larger than most, known as Alpha.\n\nFurther scepticism, retraction of claims \n\nSpitzer had already concluded that known theory suggested that the ZETA was nowhere near the temperatures the team was claiming, and during the publicity surrounding the release of the work, he suggested that \"Some unknown mechanism would appear to be involved\". Other researchers in the US, notably Furth and Colgate, were far more critical, telling anyone who would listen that the results were bunk. In the Soviet Union, Lev Artsimovich rushed to have the Nature article translated, and after reading it, declared \"Chush sobachi!\" (bullshit).\n\nCockcroft had stated that they were receiving too few neutrons from the device to measure their spectrum or their direction. Failing to do so meant they could not eliminate the possibility that the neutrons were being released due to electrical effects in the plasma, the sorts of reactions that Kurchatov had pointed out earlier. Such measurements would have been easy to make.\n\nIn the same converted hangar that housed ZETA was the Harwell Synchrocyclotron effort run by Basil Rose. This project had built a sensitive high-pressure diffusion cloud chamber as the cyclotron's main detector. Rose was convinced it would be able to directly measure the neutron energies and trajectories. In a series of experiments, he showed that the neutrons had a high directionality, at odds with a fusion origin which would be expected to be randomly directed. To further demonstrate this he had the machine run \"backwards\", with the electric current running in the opposite direction. This demonstrated a clear difference in the number of neutrons and their energy, which suggested they were a result of the electrical current itself, not fusion reactions inside the plasma.\n\nThis was followed by similar experiments on Perhapsatron and Columbus, demonstrating the same problems. The issue was a new form of instability, the \"microinstabilities\" or MHD instabilities, that were caused by wave-like signals in the plasma. These had been predicted, but whereas the kink was on the scale of the entire plasma and could be easily seen in photographs, these microinstabilities were too small and rapidly moving to easily detect, and had simply not been noticed before. But like the kink, when these instabilities developed, areas of enormous electrical potential developed, rapidly accelerating protons in the area. These sometimes collided with neutrons in the plasma or the container walls, ejecting them through neutron spallation. This is the same physical process that had been creating neutrons in earlier designs, the problem Cockcroft had mentioned during the press releases, but their underlying cause was more difficult to see and in ZETA they were much more powerful. The promise of stabilised pinch disappeared.\n\nCockcroft was forced to publish a humiliating retraction on 16 May 1958, claiming \"It is doing exactly the job we expected it would do and is functioning exactly the way we hoped it would.\" Le Monde raised the issue to a front-page headline in June, noting \"Contrary to what was announced six months ago at Harwell \u2013 British experts confirm that thermonuclear energy has not been 'domesticated. The event cast a chill over the entire field; it was not only the British who looked foolish, every other country involved in fusion research had been quick to jump on the bandwagon.\n\nHarwell in turmoil, ZETA soldiers on \nBeginning in 1955, Cockcroft had pressed for the establishment of a new site for the construction of multiple prototype power-producing fission reactors. This was strongly opposed by Christopher Hinton, and a furious debate broke out within the UKAEA over the issue. Cockcroft eventually won the debate, and in late 1958 the UKAEA formed AEE Winfrith in Dorset, where they eventually built several experimental reactor designs.\n\nCockcroft had also pressed for the ZETA II reactor to be housed at the new site. He argued that Winfrith would be better suited to build the large reactor, and the unclassified site would better suit the now-unclassified research. This led to what has been described as \"as close to a rebellion that the individualistic scientists at Harwell could possibly mount\". Thonemann made it clear he was not interested in moving to Dorset and suggested that several other high-ranking members would also quit rather than move. He then went on sabbatical to Princeton University for a year. The entire affair was a major strain on Basil Schonland, who took over the Research division when Cockcroft left in October 1959 to become the Master of the newly formed Churchill College, Cambridge.\n\nWhile this was taking place, the original ZETA II proposal had been growing ever-larger, eventually specifying currents as powerful as the Joint European Torus that was built years later. As it seemed this was beyond the state-of-the-art, the project was eventually cancelled in February 1959. A new proposal soon took its place, the Intermediate-Current Stability Experiment (ICSE). ICSE was designed to take advantage of further stabilising effects noticed in M-theory, which suggested that very fast pinches would cause the current to flow only in the outer layer of the plasma, which should be much more stable. Over time, this machine grew to be about the same size as ZETA; ICSE had a 6\u00a0m major diameter and 1\u00a0m minor diameter, powered by a bank of capacitors storing 10\u00a0MJ at 100\u00a0kV.\n\nHarwell was as unsuited to ICSE as it was for ZETA II, so Schonland approached the government with the idea of a new site for fusion research located close to Harwell. He was surprised to find they were happy with the idea, as this would limit employment at Harwell, whose payroll roster was becoming too complex to manage. Further study demonstrated that the cost of building a new site would be offset by the savings in keeping the site near Harwell; if ICSE was built at Winfrith, the travel costs between the sites would be considerable. In May 1959, the UKAEA purchased RNAS Culham, about  from Harwell. ICSE construction began later that year, starting with a one-acre building to house it, known as \"D-1\".\n\nMeanwhile, work continued on ZETA to better understand what was causing the new forms of instabilities. New diagnostic techniques demonstrated that the electron energies were very low, on the order of 10\u00a0eV (approximately 100,000 K) while ion temperatures were somewhat higher at 100\u00a0eV. Both of these pointed to a rapid loss of energy in the plasma, which in turn suggested the fuel was turbulent and escaping confinement to hit the walls of the chamber where it rapidly cooled. A full presentation of the results was made at the Salzburg Conference in 1961, where the Soviet delegation presented very similar results on their ZETA-clone, Alpha.\n\nThe source of this turbulence was not clearly identified at that time, but the team suggested it was due to current-driven resistive modes; if one did not use the simplifying assumption that the plasma had no macroscopic resistance, new instabilities would naturally appear. When the new head of the UKAEA, William Penney, heard that the ICSE design was also based on the resistance-free assumption, he cancelled the project in August 1960. Parts for the partially-assembled reactor were scavenged by other teams.\n\nThonemann had returned by this point and found much to disagree with on ICSE. He demanded to be allowed to set up a new fusion group to remain at Harwell on ZETA. ZETA remained the largest toroidal machine in the world for some time, and went on to have a productive career for just over a decade, but in spite of its later successes ZETA was always known as an example of British folly.\n\nThomson scattering and tokamaks \n\nZETA's failure was due to limited information; using the best available measurements, ZETA was returning several signals that suggested the neutrons were due to fusion. The original temperature measures were made by examining the Doppler shifting of the spectral lines of the atoms in the plasma. The inaccuracy of the measurement and spurious results caused by electron impacts with the container led to misleading measurements based on the impurities, not the plasma itself. Over the next decade, ZETA was used continuously in an effort to develop better diagnostic tools to resolve these problems.\n\nThis work eventually developed a method that is used to this day. The introduction of lasers provided a new solution through a British discovery known as Thomson scattering. Lasers have extremely accurate and stable frequency control, and the light they emit interacts strongly with free electrons. A laser shone into the plasma will be reflected off the electrons, and during this process will be Doppler shifted by the electrons' movement. The speed of the electrons is a function of their temperature, so by comparing the frequency before and after collisions, the temperature of the electrons could be measured with an extremely high degree of accuracy. By \"reversing\" the system, the temperature of the ions could also be directly measured.\n\nThrough the 1960s ZETA was not the only experiment to suffer from unexpected performance problems. Problems with plasma diffusion across the magnetic fields plagued both the magnetic mirror and stellarator programs, at rates that classical theory could not explain. Adding more fields did not appear to correct the problems in any of the existing designs. Work slowed dramatically as teams around the world tried to better understand the physics of the plasmas in their devices. Pfirsch and Schluter were the first to make a significant advance, suggesting that much larger and more powerful machines would be needed to correct these problems. An attitude of pessimism took root across the entire field.\n\nIn 1968 a meeting of fusion researchers took place in Novosibirsk, where, to everyone's astonishment, the Soviet hosts introduced their work on their tokamak designs which had performance numbers that no other experiment was even close to matching. The latest of their designs, the T-3, was producing electron energies of 1000\u00a0eV, compared to about 10\u00a0eV in ZETA. This corresponded to a plasma temperature of about 10 million K. Although the Soviet team was highly respected, the results were so good that there was serious concern their indirect temperature measurements might be unreliable and they had fallen prey to a measurement problem like the one that had occurred with ZETA. Spitzer, once again, expressed his scepticism rather strongly, sparking off an acrimonious debate with Artsimovich.\n\nThe Soviets were equally concerned about this, and even though it was the height of the Cold War, Artsimovich invited UKAEA to bring their laser system to the Kurchatov Institute and independently measure the performance. Artsimovich had previously called their system \"brilliant.\" The team became known as \"the Culham five\", performing a series of measurements in late 1968 and early 1969. The resulting paper was published in November 1969 and convinced the fusion research field that the tokamak was indeed reaching the levels of performance the Soviets claimed. The result was a \"veritable stampede\" of tokamak construction around the world, and it remains the most studied device in the fusion field.\n\nTokamaks are toroidal pinch machines. The key difference is the relative strengths of the fields. In the stabilised pinch machines, most of the magnetic field in the plasma was generated by the current induced in it. The strength of the external stabilisation fields was much lower and only penetrated into the outer layers of the plasma mass. The tokamak reversed this; the external magnets were much more powerful and the plasma current greatly reduced in comparison. Artsimovich put it this way:\n\nThis difference is today part of a general concept known as the safety factor, denoted q. It has to be greater than one to maintain stability during a discharge; in ZETA it was about . A ZETA-type machine could reach this q, but would require enormously powerful external magnets to match the equally large fields being generated by the current. The tokamak approach resolved this by using less pinch current; this made the system stable but meant the current could no longer be used to heat the plasma. Tokamak designs require some form of external heating.\n\nReversed field pinch \n\nIn 1965, the newly opened Culham laboratory hosted what had become a periodic meeting of international fusion researchers. Of all the work presented, only two papers on stabilised pinch were present, both on ZETA. Spitzer did not mention them during the opening comments.\n\nNormally, the pulse of electricity sent into ZETA formed a current pulse with a shape similar to a Poisson distribution, ramping up quickly then trailing off. One of the papers noted that the plasma stability reached a maximum just after the current began to taper off, and then lasted longer than the current pulse itself. This phenomenon was dubbed \"quiescence\".\n\nThree years later, at the same meeting where Soviet results with the T-3 tokamak were first released, a paper by Robinson and King examined the quiescence period. They determined it was due to the original toroidal magnetic field reversing itself, creating a more stable configuration. At the time, the enormity of the T-3 results overshadowed this result.\n\nJohn Bryan Taylor took up the issue and began a detailed theoretical study of the concept, publishing a groundbreaking 1974 article on the topic. He demonstrated that as the magnetic field that generated the pinch was relaxing, it interacted with the pre-existing stabilising fields, creating a self-stable magnetic field. The phenomenon was driven by the system's desire to preserve magnetic helicity, which suggested a number of ways to improve the confinement time.\n\nAlthough the stabilising force was lower than the force available in the pinch, it lasted considerably longer. It appeared that a reactor could be built that would approach the Lawson criterion from a different direction, using extended confinement times rather than increased density. This was similar to the stellarator approach in concept, and although it would have lower field strength than those machines, the energy needed to maintain the confinement was much lower. Today this approach is known as the reversed field pinch (RFP) and has been a field of continued study.\n\nTaylor's study of the relaxation into the reversed state led to his development of a broader theoretical understanding of the role of magnetic helicity and minimum energy states, greatly advancing the understanding of plasma dynamics. The minimum-energy state, known as the \"Taylor state\", is particularly important in the understanding of new fusion approaches in the compact toroid class. Taylor went on to study the ballooning transformation, a problem that was occurring in the latest high-performance toroidal machines as large-scale waveforms formed in the plasma. His work in fusion research won him the 1999 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics.\n\nDemolition \nCulham officially opened in 1965, and various teams began leaving the former sites through this period. A team kept ZETA operational until September 1968. Hangar 7, which housed ZETA and other machines, was demolished during financial year 2005/2006.\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nCitations\n\nBibliography\n\nExternal links \n Britain's Sputnik \u2013 BBC Radio 4 programme on ZETA first broadcast on 16 January 2008\n ZETA \u2013 Peace Atoms, contemporary newsreel story on the reactor.\n \n\nMagnetic confinement fusion devices\nNuclear power in the United Kingdom\nNuclear research institutes in the United Kingdom\nNuclear research reactors\nNuclear technology in the United Kingdom\nResearch institutes in Oxfordshire\nVale of White Horse", "meta": {"title": "ZETA (fusion reactor)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZETA%20%28fusion%20reactor%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dps is a Japanese rock band under the Giza Studio label.\n\nHistory\nIn May 2016, Naoki participated in Zard's live tour session \"25th Anniversary Live\" as a guitarist. DVD footage was released on December. On the same month, Atsushi, Naoki and Tsuyoshi had participated as an arranger for Giza studio cover project D-project where he re-arranged Zard's single Ai ga Mienai and Ame ni Yurete.\n\nIn October 2016, the vocalist Ryosuke has won the main grandprix in Sugoiyo! Campastar Vocal Contest.\n\nThree months later in 2017, the band formation has begun by adding more members as Naoki Morioka, Atsushi Yamaguchi (former known as Atsushi Kawamura from Naifu and Loe) and Tsuyoshi Asai (previously as guitarist in band Loe).\n\nOn April 28, 2017, they've held first live performance in Hill PansKoujou.\n\nIn September 2017, an official website for Dps has been launched.\n\nIn November 2017, they've released first mini album Begins with Em under indies label Tent House. The album was successful with reaching into Tower Records Kansai rankings as No.1\n\nIn March 2018 they made their first radio guest appearance on the MBS radio program Kanemura Yoshiaki no Eekagen ni see!\n\nIn June 2018 Dps appeared on free live Kansai Neo Rock along with bands as Qyoto, Cross Lord and Satou Cocoa to Hinawa Juu, who all of the artists belong to Being Inc's indies label.\n\nOn 8 September 2018 was announced their major debut under major label Giza Studio.\n\nIn October 2018 Naoki participated in music production recording as a guitarist on special project KYOTO RIMPA ROCKERS. The main producer of this project is the owner of Being Inc., Daiko Nagato.\n\nOn 7 November 2018 they've released debut release single Timeline. The single is used as an opening theme for Anime television series Detective Conan.\n\nOn 5 December 2018 Naoki will participate in music production recording as a guitarist in Daigo cover album Deing.\n\nIn March 2019, Dps appeared on live celebration of live house Pan Koujou Hills 16th anniversary.\n\nDuring free live event \"Onto Vol.4\" were announced first digital single Ano Koro wa Nani mo Wakaranakatta with Marty Friedman which will release on 24 April 2019. This will lead as a promotional single to the upcoming fourth mini album Kamikaze which plans release on 19 June 2019 with total 4 tracks recorded.\n\nMembers\n  - vocals, lyricist\n  - guitar, composer, arranger, backing vocals\n  - bass guitar, lyricist, backing vocals\n  - drums, composer\n\nDiscography \nSo far they've released 4 mini albums, one digital single and one singles.\n\nSingles\n\nDigital Singles\n\nMini albums\n\nIn-media usage\nIppatsu Gyakuten is used as an opening theme for MBS Radio Kanemura Yoshiaki no Eekagen ni see!\nZettai Zetsumei no Hero is used as an ending theme for MBS Radio Kanemura Yoshiaki no Eekagen ni see!\nTimeline will be used as an opening theme for Anime television series Detective Conan\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nDps official Web site \nDps Official YouTube channel \n \t\n\nBeing Inc. artists\nLiving people\nJapanese rock music groups\nAnime musicians\nMusical groups established in 2017\n2017 establishments in Japan\nYear of birth missing (living people)", "meta": {"title": "Dps (band)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dps%20%28band%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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{"text": "Sitalcina peacheyi is a species of armoured harvestman in the family Phalangodidae. It is found in North America.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\n \n \n\nHarvestmen\nArticles created by Qbugbot\nAnimals described in 2008", "meta": {"title": "Sitalcina peacheyi", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitalcina%20peacheyi", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Angulus texanus is een tweekleppigensoort uit de familie van de Tellinidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1900 door Dall.\n\nTellinidae", "meta": {"title": "Angulus texanus", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angulus%20texanus", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u015awiniokierz W\u0142o\u015bcia\u0144ski \u2013 wie\u015b w Polsce po\u0142o\u017cona w wojew\u00f3dztwie \u0142\u00f3dzkim, w powiecie tomaszowskim, w gminie \u017belechlinek.\n\nW latach 1975\u20131998 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 administracyjnie nale\u017ca\u0142a do wojew\u00f3dztwa piotrkowskiego.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n \u015awiniokierz Dworski\n\nPrzypisy \n\n\u017belechlinek (gmina)", "meta": {"title": "\u015awiniokierz W\u0142o\u015bcia\u0144ski", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awiniokierz%20W%C5%82o%C5%9Bcia%C5%84ski", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043d \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0442 \u041b\u0456 (;  19 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 1966, \u041b\u043e\u0441-\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441, \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0456\u044f)\u00a0\u2014 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e-\u0433\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u0414\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d: \u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0430 \u041b\u0456\u00bb, \u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0430 \u041b\u0456.\n\n\u0411\u0456\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043d \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0442 \u041b\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044f 19 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 1966 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u041b\u043e\u0441-\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0456, \u0432 \u0441\u0456\u043c'\u0457 \u0421\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u0420\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u041b\u0456. \u041a\u0440\u0456\u043c \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u0432 \u0441\u0456\u043c'\u0457 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0454 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430. \u0423 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043d \u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0457\u0445\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0457 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u041e\u0430\u0445\u0443, \u0434\u0435 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043a\u0430. \u0423 19 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u041b\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u0441-\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441 \u0456 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438.\n\n\u0412 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 1990-\u0445, \u041b\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0432 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0443 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0444\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0423 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441, \u0432\u0456\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0432 \u0449\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0443 \u0437\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0456. \u041d\u0430\u0439\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u0444\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0456 \u00ab\u0414\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d: \u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0430 \u041b\u0456\u00bb, \u0439\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0430 \u041b\u0456. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0414\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u041a\u0443\u043d-\u0414\u043e, \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043c \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0432 \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0411\u0440\u044e\u0441\u0430 \u041b\u0456, \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0456 \u041f\u043e\u0442\u0456\u0442.\n\n\u0423 2010 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0457 5.0\u00bb \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0435.\n\n\u0424\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\n\u0423\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u041b\u043e\u0441-\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043d \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0442\u0442 \u041b\u0456", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%20%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%20%D0%9B%D1%96", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bruchfl\u00e4chen sind die neuen Oberfl\u00e4chen, die an den Bruchst\u00fccken eines zuvor Ganzen offenliegen.\n\nOft kann anhand der Beschaffenheit der Bruchfl\u00e4chen der Grund eines\u00a0\u2013 insbesondere ungewollten\u00a0\u2013 Bruches festgestellt werden. Aus der Oberfl\u00e4chenstruktur einer Bruchfl\u00e4che l\u00e4sst sich auf den Bruch- und Schadensmechanismus schlie\u00dfen. Die F\u00e4rbung der Bruchfl\u00e4chen kann auf Vorsch\u00e4digungen hinweisen, z.\u00a0B. Oxidation von Metallfl\u00e4chen als Zeichen f\u00fcr einen bereits fr\u00fcher entstandenen, aber unerkannten Anbruch oder eine anderweitige Materialerm\u00fcdung.\n\nLiteratur \n Johann Andreas Wagner: Handbuch der Naturgeschichte. Band 3, Druck und Verlag Tobias Dannheimer, Kempten 1842.\n Ulrich Zorll: Untersuchung der Oberfl\u00e4chen- und Innen-Struktur von Lackschichten mit dem Elektronenmikroskop. Westdeutscher Verlag, Opladen 1972, S. 15\u201318.\n Otto Wawrziniok: Handbuch des Materialpr\u00fcfungswesens f\u00fcr Maschinen- und Bauingenieure. Zweite Auflage, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 1923.\n Karlheinz G. Schmitt-Thomas: Integrierte Schadenanalyse. Technikgestaltung und das System des Versagens, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 978-3-662-07948-5.\n\nSiehe auch \n Bruchstein\n Roheisen\n Spr\u00f6dbruch\n Spaltbarkeit\n\nWeblinks \n  St\u00e4hle und ihre Eigenschaften (abgerufen am 20. September 2018)\n Werkstoff- und Schadensuntersuchungen (abgerufen am 20. September 2018)\n Protokoll Kerbschlagbiegeversuch (abgerufen am 20. September 2018)\n Bruchfl\u00e4chenanalyse (abgerufen am 20. September 2018)\n\nBruchmechanik", "meta": {"title": "Bruchfl\u00e4che", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruchfl%C3%A4che", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Grandicrepidula grandis is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Calyptraeidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1849 door Middendorff.\n\nCalyptraeidae", "meta": {"title": "Grandicrepidula grandis", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandicrepidula%20grandis", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Onchopristis is an extinct genus of sclerorhynchoid from the Cretaceous of North Africa, Europe, and North America. Its name is derived from the Ancient Greek \u00f3nkos (\u1f44\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, 'barb') and pr\u00edstis (\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2, 'saw' or 'sawfish'). It contains two valid species, O. numida and O. dunklei. Onchopristis first appeared in the Barremian and its latest occurrence dates to the Campanian, making it one of the oldest and longest-lived sclerorhynchoid genera.\n\nDescription\nSpecimens of O. numida, IPUW 353500 and IGR 2818, suggest a length estimate of  and , respectively; such individuals would have weighed . Like other sclerorhynchoids, it had a long rostrum with large denticles similar to sawfishes and sawsharks. This feature was convergently evolved and its closest living relatives are actually skates. Isolated rostral denticles are the most common fossils of Onchopristis, but rostra, chondrocrania, jaws, oral teeth, vertebrae, and dermal denticles have also been found.\n\nTaxonomy\n\nGigantichthys numidus was named by \u00c9mile Haug in 1905 for fragmentary rostral denticles from the Continental intercalaire of Algeria. Haug also named Platyspondylus foureaui for vertebrae from the same formation. Articulated specimens have confirmed that the rostral denticles and vertebrae belong to the same species. In 1917, Ernst Stromer named the new genus Onchopristis with \"G\". numidus as the type species. Although the spelling \"Onchopristis numidus\" is commonly used, it is grammatically incorrect and has been emended to O. numida. \n\nOral teeth from the Bahariya Formation of Egypt were named Squatina aegyptiaca by Stromer in 1927, and were later renamed as the separate genus Sechmetia by Christa Werner in 1989. Again, articulated specimens confirmed that these teeth belong to O. numida. In 1935, Wilhelm Weiler named Peyeria libyca for what he thought were sawfish rostral denticles from the Bahariya Formation. An associated specimen of Ischyrhiza mira, a close relative of Onchopristis, indicates that \"Peyeria\" are actually dermal denticles from O. numida. \n\nA second valid species from the Woodbine Formation of Texas, Onchopristis dunklei, was named by Charles McNulty, Jr. and Bob Slaughter in 1962. In 1971, John Thurmond named the subspecies O. dunklei praecursor, but it is probably not distinct from O. dunklei. Rostral denticles from New Zealand formerly referred to \"O. d. praecursor\" have been reassigned to their own genus and species, Australopristis wiffeni.\n\nReferences\n\nPrehistoric cartilaginous fish genera\nCretaceous cartilaginous fish\nPrehistoric fish of Africa\nSclerorhynchoidei", "meta": {"title": "Onchopristis", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onchopristis", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mosanje (ou Mosanja) est un village du Cameroun situ\u00e9 dans le d\u00e9partement de la Meme et la R\u00e9gion du Sud-Ouest. Il fait partie de la commune de Konye.\n\nPopulation\nEn 1968 la localit\u00e9 comptait 270 habitants, principalement des Bakundu du groupe Oroko.\n\nLors du recensement de 2005, la localit\u00e9 comptait .\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nAnnexes\n\nBibliographie \n Dictionnaire des villages de la Meme, ORSTOM, Yaound\u00e9, , \n  Dan T. Friesen, Oroko orthography development: Linguistic and sociolinguistic factors, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, 2002, 154 p. (MA thesis),\n\nLiens externes \n  Konye, sur le site Communes et villes unies du Cameroun (CVUC)\n  Communal Development Plan of Konye Council PNDP, 2010-2012, 120 p.\n\nVillage dans la r\u00e9gion du Sud-Ouest (Cameroun)", "meta": {"title": "Mosanje", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosanje", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gervais de Bazoches, prince de Galil\u00e9e et de Tib\u00e9rias, ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 en 1108 \u00e0 Damas.\n\nAvant la premi\u00e8re croisade, il \u00e9tait avou\u00e9 de l'\u00e9glise de Mont-Notre-Dame et fr\u00e8re d'Hugues, seigneur de Bazoches.\n\nEn Terre sainte, c'est l'un des officiers du roi Baudouin  de J\u00e9rusalem qui lui confia la principaut\u00e9 de Galil\u00e9e \u00e0 la mort d'Hugues de Fauquembergues en 1106. Au mois de mai 1108, sa troupe de 80 chevaliers et 200 soldats fut d\u00e9faite par Tughtekin, atabeg de Damas, et Gervais fut fait prisonnier avec quelques chevaliers. Tughtekin demanda les villes d\u2019Acre, d'Ha\u00effa et de Tib\u00e9riade pour sa lib\u00e9ration, le roi Baudouin 1er refusa tout en proposant une ran\u00e7on d'argent. Gervais fut alors ex\u00e9cut\u00e9. Guibert de Nogent rapporte dans son Histoire des Croisades que son cr\u00e2ne fut transform\u00e9 en coupe \u00e0 boire par les Turcs.\n\nSource\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nNoblesse du Moyen-\u00c2ge en Champagne\nCrois\u00e9 du XIIe si\u00e8cle\nPersonnalit\u00e9 de la premi\u00e8re croisade\nNoble latin d'Orient\nPrince de Galil\u00e9e\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en 1108\nGervais", "meta": {"title": "Gervais de Bazoches", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gervais%20de%20Bazoches", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The German Social Union (, DSU) is a small conservative political party mainly active in the new states of Germany. It was founded in 1990 as a right-wing opposition group during the Wende transition to democracy in East Germany, when it was part of the Alliance for Germany electoral coalition. After 1990, it fell into insignificance, only holding a few seats on the local level.\n\nIdeology\nAccording to its 2006 basic programme, the DSU refers to itself as a conservative, democratic and social party. Ideologically, the party's goals are to preserve and uphold Western-Christian civilization, and to dismantle the welfare state..\n\nThe party can thus be seen as right-wing (anti-socialistic) national-conservative. It strongly differentiates itself from the National Democratic Party (NPD) and German People's Union (DVU), who tend more towards national socialism. Its closest ideological ally among the right-wing parties is The Republicans. Historically, and as its name implies, it is modelled after the CSU in Bavaria, the more rightist of the two Union \"sister parties\". However it was not possible for the DSU to join the CSU, as the CDU and CSU do not compete in the same states.\n\nHistory\n\nEstablishment\n\nIn the chaotic world of 1989\u20131990 East German politics, several long-suppressed cultural and political movements (re)emerged, and numerous small parties sprang up. The German Social Union was one of these, then several comprising conservative, Christian-democratic and liberal opposition groups.\n\nThe party was founded in Leipzig on 20 January 1990 by the St. Thomas Church pastor Hans-Wilhelm Ebeling, modeled loosely on the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (Christlich-Soziale Union, CSU). Initially, the Bavarian CSU supported the DSU to the tune of millions, wishing to make it its East German branch, and thus revisiting Franz Josef Strau\u00df' mid-1970s plan to make the CSU a nationwide \"fourth party\".\n\nReunification period\n\nOn 5 February 1990, DSU joined the Alliance for Germany together with the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and the now-defunct Democratic Awakening (DA) to form the Alliance for Germany, a centre-right coalition which ran in the first (and only) free East German general election of 18 March 1990. The DSU polled 6.3% of the votes cast and 25 seats in the People's Chamber parliament. It achieved its strongest results in the southern districts of Karl-Marx-Stadt, Dresden and Leipzig (that later formed the state of Saxony), where the DSU polled two-digit percentages.\n\nIts most prominent politician was the lawyer Peter-Michael Diestel, who joined the last East German cabinet (Council of Ministers) under Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re as minister of the interior and deputy prime minister. The DSU also held the ministry of economic cooperation, led by Hans-Wilhelm Ebeling. However, both Diestel and Ebeling left the party in June and July 1990, respectively, Diestel joined the CDU a month later. Of all parties in the People's Chamber, the DSU was the keenest on a swift reunification of East and West Germany. Its delegates repeatedly proposed a motion for East Germany's \"immediate accession\" to the Federal Republic of Germany.\n\nHansjoachim Walther, a mathematics professor, was elected chairman of the DSU on the first regular party congress in May 1990. Under his leadership, the party took a turn to the right, hosting national-conservative and in some cases even far-right voices. Unlike the other parliamentary parties and a vast majority of the population, numerous DSU members did not accept the Oder\u2013Neisse line as Germany's eastern border (which was finally laid down in the reunification treaty and the Two Plus Four Agreement).\n\nAfter German reunification was accomplished on 3 October 1990, eight DSU People's Chamber deputies entered into the Bundestag (federal parliament), where they joined the CDU/CSU parliamentary group. The Alliance for Germany coalition dissolved after that. In Chancellor Helmut Kohl's third cabinet, the DSU was represented by Hansjoachim Walther as federal minister without portfolio from October 1990 to January 1991. In the October 1990 legislative elections in the new German states, the DSU did not pass the five-percent threshold, winning 3.6% in its former stronghold of Saxony and even less in the other states, and thus failed to enter into any Landtag (state legislature).\n\nAhead of the first post-reunification German federal election on 2 December 1990, the Bavarian CSU aimed for a deal with the CDU to save its East German offshoot from irrelevance: If the CDU had abstained from competing in a few constituencies in Saxony and Thuringia, thus winning the DSU at least three \"direct mandates\", the small party could have been spared from the five-percent threshold and might have survived as a regional party. However, the CDU under Helmut Kohl insisted on the unwritten CDU/CSU agreement that the CSU may only run in Bavaria, while all other states are CDU's territory. Many DSU members realised that the party had no future and switched to the CDU. Eventually, DSU achieved 0.2% of nationwide votes, 1.0% in the new states. After this disappointment, the Bavarian CSU reduced its benefits to the DSU, but continued to transfer six-figure sums annually until 1993.\n\nAfter 1990 \nThe DSU drifted further towards a nationalistic course, aiming for a position inbetween the centre-right CDU and the far-right Republicans. During the early-1990s, the party received support by the (West German) Neue Rechte (\"New Right\") movement, in particular by the Critic\u00f3n magazine of Caspar von Schrenck-Notzing, who also attended DSU meetings. The DSU's image was then characterised by financial misconduct, internal squabbles, resignations, and contacts with far-right groups. The cooperation of DSU and CSU was definitely ended after the Spring 1993 party conference, when Roberto Rink was elected chairman of the DSU.\n\nIn subsequent elections its share of the vote has remained under 1% of the vote in all Landtag elections held in the new states. Electoral coalitions with right-wing parties like the German Party, the Party for a Rule of Law Offensive or the Statt Party led to no avail. Nevertheless, the DSU has a loyal following of voters on the local level, especially in some districts of Saxony. In the western states, the party is virtually nonexistent.\n\nThe DSU had one member in the Landtag of Saxony from 2006 to 2009, after the NPD parliamentarian Klaus Baier had defected from his party after a series of disputes and joined the DSU.\n\nSee also\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nThe DSU from Chronik der Wende \n\n1990 establishments in East Germany\nConservative parties in Germany\nNational conservative parties\nPolitical parties established in 1990\nPolitical parties in East Germany\nRight-wing populism in Germany", "meta": {"title": "German Social Union (East Germany)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German%20Social%20Union%20%28East%20Germany%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ezen az oldalon a 2001-ben fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 \u00e1llamok vezet\u0151inek n\u00e9vsora olvashat\u00f3 f\u00f6ldr\u00e9szek, majd orsz\u00e1gok szerinti bont\u00e1sban.\n\nEur\u00f3pa\n\nAfrika\n\nD\u00e9l-Amerika\n\n\u00c9szak- \u00e9s K\u00f6z\u00e9p-Amerika\n\n\u00c1zsia\n\n\u00d3ce\u00e1nia\n\nKapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 sz\u00f3cikkek \nKort\u00e1rs uralkod\u00f3k list\u00e1ja\n\nForr\u00e1sok \n Uralkod\u00f3k\n H\u00edrad\u00f3 honlapja folyamatosan\n BBC honlapja\n\n2001\n2001", "meta": {"title": "\u00c1llamok vezet\u0151inek list\u00e1ja 2001-ben", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81llamok%20vezet%C5%91inek%20list%C3%A1ja%202001-ben", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Taron (slak), een geslacht van weekdieren uit de klasse van de Gastropoda (slakken)\n Taron (achtbaan), een stalen lanceerachtbaan in het Duitse Phantasialand, Br\u00fchl, Reinland\n Taron (Armeni\u00eb)\n Taron Egerton", "meta": {"title": "Taron", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taron", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Meave G. Leakey (born Meave Epps; 28 July 1942) is a British palaeoanthropologist. She works at Stony Brook University and is co-ordinator of Plio-Pleistocene research at the Turkana Basin Institute. She studies early hominid evolution and has done extensive field research in the Turkana Basin. She has Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Science degrees.\n\nFlat-faced man of Kenya\nLeakey's research team at Lake Turkana, Kenya made a discovery in 1999. They found a 3.5-million-year-old skull and partial jaw thought to belong to a new branch of the early human family. She named the find Kenyanthropus platyops (\"flat-faced man of Kenya\").\n\nPersonal life \nLeakey was married to Richard Leakey, a palaeontologist. They have two children, Louise (born 1972) and Samira (born 1974). Louise Leakey continues family traditions by conducting palaeontological research.\n\nLeakey initially studied zoology and marine zoology at the University of North Wales. Her first contact with the Leakey family was working for the Tigoni Primate Research Centre while taking her PhD at this time, the centre was being administered by Louis Leakey.\n\nShe received her PhD in zoology in 1968. In 2004, she was awarded an honorary D.Sc. from University College, London, for palaeontology. That same year, she received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. Leakey is currently a Research Professor for the Turkana Basin Institute (affiliated with Stony Brook University). On 30 April 2013, Leakey was elected as a Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Sciences, with specialities of geology and anthropology. This made Leakey the first Kenyan citizen and also the first woman citizen of an African country to be elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences. She was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2017.\n\nPosition in the Leakey family\n\nSelected publications\n\nLothagam: The Dawn of Humanity in Eastern Africa by John Harris and Meave Leakey, Eds. (December 2001).\n\nStratigraphy and Paleontology of Pliocene and Pleistocene Localities West of Lake Turkana, Kenya by John Harris, Meave Leakey, Eds. et al. (October 1988).\n\nSee also \n Meave (Irish name)\n List of fossil sites (with link directory)\n List of hominina (hominid) fossils (with images)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nLeakey Foundation\nKoobi Fora Research Project\nDr. Meave Leakey Discusses Kenyanthropus platyops\nTurkana Basin Institute\n\n1942 births\nLiving people\n20th-century anthropologists\n20th-century archaeologists\n21st-century anthropologists\n21st-century archaeologists\nArchaeologists from London\nBritish expatriates in Kenya \nBritish women anthropologists\nBritish women archaeologists\nEnglish anthropologists\nForeign associates of the National Academy of Sciences\nMeave\nMembers of the American Philosophical Society\nPaleoanthropologists\nWomen paleontologists\nFellows of the African Academy of Sciences", "meta": {"title": "Meave Leakey", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meave%20Leakey", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le terme d'enveloppe sonore a \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9 par Didier Anzieu et repris par Edith Lecourt. Cette enveloppe sonore est compos\u00e9e de deux faces : une face verbale, tourn\u00e9e vers l'ext\u00e9rieur et une face musicale tourn\u00e9e vers l'int\u00e9rieur. Les deux faces sont indissociables et compl\u00e9mentaires. La notion a \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9e par Didier Anzieu en particulier dans son ouvrage Le moi-peau.\n\nOuvrages psychanalytiques \n Le moi-peau, Paris, Ed.: Dunod, 1995, \n Collectif, Les Enveloppes psychiques, Ed. Dunod, 2003, \n Le penser. Du Moi-peau au Moi pensant, Paris, Dunod 1994, \n Psychanalyse et limites, Dunod, 2007,\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nConcept de psychanalyse", "meta": {"title": "Enveloppe sonore (psychanalyse)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enveloppe%20sonore%20%28psychanalyse%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "August Schaffer (Viena, 3 de julho de 1905 \u2014 data de morte desconhecida) foi um ciclista austr\u00edaco de ciclismo de pista. Competiu na prova tandem nos Jogos Ol\u00edmpicos de Ver\u00e3o de 1928 em Amsterd\u00e3, terminando na quinta posi\u00e7\u00e3o.\n\nCiclistas ol\u00edmpicos da \u00c1ustria\nCiclistas nos Jogos Ol\u00edmpicos de Ver\u00e3o de 1928\nCiclistas de pista\nNaturais de Viena", "meta": {"title": "August Schaffer", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%20Schaffer", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rhypodes argenteus \u00e4r en insektsart som beskrevs av Alan C. Eyles 1990. Rhypodes argenteus ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Rhypodes och familjen fr\u00f6skinnbaggar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nFr\u00f6skinnbaggar\nargenteus", "meta": {"title": "Rhypodes argenteus", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhypodes%20argenteus", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cyrtandra maesifolia \u00e4r en tv\u00e5hj\u00e4rtbladig v\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Adolph Daniel Edward Elmer. Cyrtandra maesifolia ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Cyrtandra och familjen Gesneriaceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nPlisterordningen\nmaesifolia", "meta": {"title": "Cyrtandra maesifolia", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrtandra%20maesifolia", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The 19th Indian Infantry Division was an infantry division of the Indian Army during World War II, and played a prominent part in the final part of the Burma Campaign.\n\nHistory\n\nThe 19th Indian Infantry Division was raised in Secunderabad, India in October 1941 during the Second World War and became part of Southern Army, which was mainly concerned with defence against a possible seaborne invasion by the Japanese. The division originally consisted of the 47th, 48th and 49th Indian Infantry Brigades. The divisions' first General Officer Commanding (GOC) was Major General Sir Jackie Smyth VC, who left in December to take command of the 17th Indian Infantry Division, then fighting in Burma. Between January and April 1942 all three brigades were reassigned and replaced by the 62nd, 64th and 98th Indian Infantry Brigades.\n\nAfter short periods under the command of Major General Geoffry Scoones and Douglas Stuart the division in October 1942 came under the command Major General Thomas Wynford Rees, who was to become GOC until December 1945. The division spent an extended period on internal security duties and in training before being committed to the Fourteenth Army, commanded by Lieutenant General Sir William J. \"Bill\" Slim, on the Burma front in July 1944. From October the division concentrated on the Imphal plain under IV Corps and from November its brigades were involved in operations on the Chindwin River advancing to establish contact with the British 36th Infantry Division advancing from the north on their left. Concentrating once more at Sinlamaung the division came under Indian XXXIII Corps, and played the major role in the capture of Mandalay which was completed on 20 March. Transferred to IV Corps, it guarded the Fourteenth Army's lines of communication and mounted an offensive towards Mawchi, in the Kayah State.\n\nThe division's successes were due to its fitness and high morale. It had a high proportion of pre-war regular soldiers among its officers and senior Non-Commissioned Officers. The 19th Indian Division was occasionally referred to as the \"Dagger Division\", from its divisional sign, which was a hand thrusting a dagger overhand, in yellow on a red background.\n\nDuring the Second World War, a large number of brigades were assigned or attached to the division. The included at various points the 9th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 62nd, 64th, 98th and 99th Indian Infantry Brigades as well as the 22nd (East Africa) Infantry Brigade.\n\nOrder of Battle 1 March 1945\nGeneral Officer Commanding: Major General Thomas Wynford Rees\nCommander, Royal Artillery: Brigadier John Alexander MacDonald\nChief of Staff (GSO1): Lieutenant Colonel John Masters\n\n62nd Indian Infantry Brigade (Brigadier James Ronald Morris)\n 2nd Battalion, Welch Regiment\n 3rd Battalion, 6th Rajputana Rifles\n 4th Battalion, 6th Gurkha Rifles\n64th Indian Infantry Brigade (Brigadier John Godfrey Flewett)\n 2nd Battalion, Worcestershire Regiment\n 5th Battalion, 10th Baluch Regiment\n 1st Battalion, 6th Gurkha Rifles\n98th Indian Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Charles Ian Jerrard)\n 2nd Battalion, Royal Berkshire Regiment\n 8th Battalion, 12th Frontier Force Regiment\n 4th Battalion, 4th Gurkha Rifles\nDivisional Troops\n 7th Light Cavalry (attached) Stuart Tanks\n 1st Battalion, Assam Regiment (attached)\n 1st Battalion, 15th Punjab Regiment (Divisional reconnaissance regiment)\n MG Battalion, 11th Sikh Regiment (Divisional Machine Gun Battalion)\n 134th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery\n 4th Field Regiment, Royal Indian Artillery\n 5th Field Regiment, Indian Artillery\n 115th (North Midland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery\n 20th Mountain Regiment, Indian Artillery\n 33rd Anti-tank Regiment, Royal Artillery (mixed anti-tank and light anti-aircraft batteries)\n Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers & Miners, Indian Engineers\n 64th Field Company, Indian Engineers\n 65th Field Company, Indian Engineers\n 327th Field Park Company, Indian Engineers\n Royal Bombay Sappers and Miners, Indian Engineers\n 29th Field Company, Indian Engineers\n 9th Bridging Platoon, Indian Engineers\n\nPostwar\n\nJust before the Indian/Pakistani war of 1965 began, 19th Infantry Division was at Baramula under XV Corps (India). Its brigades were the 104th Brigade, Tithwal, the 161st Brigade, Uri and the 268th Indian Infantry Brigade, Baramula.\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n Latimer, Jon Burma: The Forgotten War, London: John Murray, 2004 \n Masters, John The Road Past Mandalay London:Cassell Military, Reprinted 2002\n\nExternal links\n\nIndian World War II divisions\nDivisions of the Indian Army\nBritish Indian Army divisions\nMilitary units and formations established in 1941\nMilitary units and formations of the British Empire in World War II\nD", "meta": {"title": "19th Indian Infantry Division", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th%20Indian%20Infantry%20Division", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Het Boston African American National Historic Site ligt in het hart van de stad Boston Massachusetts. Verspreid over de wijk Beacon Hill staan vijftien structuren die dateren van voor de Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog. Elk verwijzen ze naar de 19e-eeuwse geschiedenis van de Afro-Amerikanen in de stad. Het betreft onder andere twee schoolgebouwen, een oorlogsherdenkingssteen en verschillende huizen. Daarnaast ook het African Meeting House, het oudste overgebleven Afro-Amerikaanse kerkgebouw in de Verenigde Staten dat dateert uit 1806. De verschillende structuren van de site worden met elkaar verbonden door een 2,5\u00a0km lang traject Black Heritage Trail.\n\nExterne link \n Official Park Service site\n\nAfro-Amerikaanse geschiedenis\nBouwwerk in Boston\nNational Register of Historic Places\nGeschiedenis van Massachusetts\nGebied beheerd door de National Park Service", "meta": {"title": "Boston African American National Historic Site", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston%20African%20American%20National%20Historic%20Site", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u00ab\u0427\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0433\u043e \u0423\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0421\u043e\u043a\u0441\u00bb", "meta": {"title": "\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441, \u042d\u043b\u043e\u0439", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%2C%20%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Papyrus 95 (nach Gregory-Aland mit Sigel  bezeichnet) ist eine fr\u00fche griechische Abschrift des Neuen Testaments. Mittels Pal\u00e4ographie wurde sie auf das 3. Jahrhundert datiert.\n\nBeschreibung \nDieses Papyrusmanuskript des Johannesevangelium enth\u00e4lt nur die Verse 5,26\u201329. 36\u201338.\n\nText \nDer griechische Text des Kodex repr\u00e4sentiert den Alexandrinischen Texttyp.\n\nAufbewahrungsort \nDie Handschrift wird zurzeit im Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (PL II/31) in Florenz aufbewahrt.\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nSiehe auch \n Liste der Papyri des Neuen Testaments\n\nLiteratur \n Jean Lenaerts, Un papyrus de l\u2019\u00c9vangile de Jean : PL II/31, Chronique d\u2019 Egypte 60 (Brussels: 1985), SS. 117\u2013120.\n Philip W. Comfort, The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts, 2001, S. 627\u2013628.\n\nAbbildungen \n Bilder von \n\nPapyrus des Neuen Testaments\nHandschrift der Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (Florenz)", "meta": {"title": "Papyrus 95", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus%2095", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Helga Helene Moos (f\u00f8dt 26. juli 1951) er forfatter, foredragsholder og tidligere folketingsmedlem for Venstre.\n\nBiografi \nHelga Moos gik i folkeskole 1958-65 og tog realeksamen 1968. Efter et h\u00f8jskoleskoleophold 1969-70 tog hun en landbrugsfaglig uddannelse. Hun var derefter ansat ved et fjerkr\u00e6projekt i Tanzania, og fra 1974 har hun v\u00e6ret g\u00e5rdejer med \u00e6gproduktion og eget \u00e6gpakkeri 1984-92. Siden 1991 har hun fungeret som fuldtidsforfatter og -foredragsholder\n\nVed siden af sit erhverv har Helga Moos sammen med sin familie fungeret som v\u00e6rtsfamilie for AFS (American Field Service) i forbindelse med international udveksling 1993-98. Hun har v\u00e6ret medlem af Grundlovskomiteen fra 1997, medlem af LOF's landsstyrelse fra 1999 og af bestyrelsen i Eltra, transmissions- og systemansvarlig virksomhed for elproduktion i Vestdanmark.\n\nPolitisk blev hun Venstres folketingskandidat i Augustenborgkredsen fra februar 1998, og hun blev valgt ind for S\u00f8nderjyllands Amtskreds ved valget 11. marts 1998. Ved valget 8. februar 2005 blev hun ikke genvalgt.\n\nHelga Moos har modtaget Landbrugets Kulturpris 1991, SiD-pris for \u00bbFuld besk\u00e6ftigelse i 90'erne \u2013 hvordan?\u00ab, pris fra \u00c6ldre Sagen 1994 samt pris fra Indenrigsministeriet for \u00bbUdvikling i landsbyer og landdistrikter\u00ab.\n\nBibliografi \nHelga Moos har udgivet f\u00f8lgende b\u00f8ger:\n Kvindef\u00e6lder 1991 \n Hvad har du l\u00e6rt dit barn i dag? 1995 \n Kvinde kend din v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jskasse 1995\n \u00d8ko-ideologi \u2013 nej tak 1997 \n Skal de andre ikke have noget at spise? 2001\n Syv \u00e5r for folkestyret 2006\nHun har endvidere fungeret som fast kronik\u00f8r ved Jyllands-Posten siden 1994.\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n Helga Moos' hjemmeside\n Arkiveret CV p\u00e5 Folketinget.dk Dato: 4. september 2006.\n Gammelt portr\u00e6tfoto\n\nTidligere folketingsmedlemmer fra Venstre\nFaglitter\u00e6re forfattere fra Danmark\nDansksprogede forfattere fra Danmark\nPersoner i Kraks Bl\u00e5 Bog", "meta": {"title": "Helga Moos", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helga%20Moos", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Nikolaj Konstantinovi\u010d Rerich, rusky \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0420\u00e9\u0440\u0438\u0445, v anglosask\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Nicholas Roerich ( \u2013 13. prosinec 1947) byl rusk\u00fd mystik, mal\u00ed\u0159, sc\u00e9nograf, filozof, archeolog, teozof, spisovatel a cestovatel. Vytvo\u0159il na 7000 obraz\u016f a 30 liter\u00e1rn\u00edch d\u011bl.\n\n\u017divot \nNarodil se v bohat\u00e9 rodin\u011b, jeho otec byl not\u00e1\u0159, pat\u0159il do tzv. vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy a st\u00fdkal se s um\u011blci a spisovateli. Nikolaj m\u011bl u\u017e jako d\u00edt\u011b v\u0161estrann\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy \u2013 krom\u011b malov\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 archeologii a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed v\u011bdy. Cht\u011bl studovat mal\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed, otec mu v\u0161ak doporu\u010doval pr\u00e1va, a tak se roku 1893 zapsal z\u00e1rove\u0148 na akademii v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed a na universitu (pr\u00e1va). Hudebn\u00ed teoretik a kritik Vladimir Vasiljevi\u010d Stasov v n\u011bm v t\u00e9 dob\u011b probudil z\u00e1jem o hudbu a sezn\u00e1mil ho s vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi hudebn\u00edky Modestem Petrovi\u010dem Musorgsk\u00fdm, Nikolajem Andrejevi\u010dem Rimsk\u00fdm-Korsakovem, Alexandrem Konstantinovi\u010dem Glazunovem. Rerich se stal ctitelem a znalcem v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 hudby, nejv\u00edce miloval d\u00edlo Richarda Wagnera. Sezn\u00e1mil se i s mlad\u00fdm Sergejen Pavlovi\u010dem \u010eagilevem, kter\u00fd tak\u00e9 studoval pr\u00e1va. Pozd\u011bji s \u010eagiljevem, organiz\u00e1torem slavn\u00e9ho Rusk\u00e9ho baletu, p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edho v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, spolupracoval. Vytvo\u0159il nap\u0159. sc\u00e9nick\u00fd n\u00e1vrh pro tehdy skand\u00e1ln\u00ed premi\u00e9ru Stravinsk\u00e9ho baletu Sv\u011bcen\u00ed jara (Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e, 29. kv\u011btna 1913).\n\nRoku 1899 po dokon\u010den\u00ed studi\u00ed se Rerich rozhodl, \u017ee bude cestovat po Evrop\u011b, aby poznal kulturn\u00ed \u017eivot a hlavn\u011b v\u00fdstavy, muzea a v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, Bruselu a Berl\u00edn\u011b. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed odjezdem se sezn\u00e1mil s Helenou \u0160apo\u0161nikovou, nete\u0159\u00ed skladatele Musorgsk\u00e9ho, se kterou se zasnoubil a po n\u00e1vratu z evropsk\u00e9 studijn\u00ed cesty si ji vzal za \u017eenu. Helena byla v\u0161estrann\u011b nadan\u00e1 spisovatelka (jej\u00edm nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm d\u00edlem jsou Z\u00e1klady buddhismu). Cel\u00fd \u017eivot byla man\u017eelovi oporou, m\u011bla stejn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy a doprov\u00e1zela ho i na jeho cest\u00e1ch. V roce 1902 se jim narodil syn Grigorij, 1904 syn Svjatoslav.\n\nDal\u0161\u00ed studijn\u00ed cestu podnikl Rerich v letech 1903\u201304 po evropsk\u00e9m Rusku, kreslil a maloval chr\u00e1my, hrady, m\u011bsta. Uv\u011bdomil si, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina pam\u00e1tek je ve \u0161patn\u00e9m stavu, upozor\u0148oval na tyto nedostatky, a ji\u017e tehdy vznikal pl\u00e1n na z\u00e1chranu pam\u00e1tek, kter\u00fd pozd\u011bji roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il na cel\u00fd sv\u011bt \u2013 za 30 let vyhl\u00e1sil slavn\u00fd Roerich\u016fv pakt.\n\nRoku 1915 onemocn\u011bl z\u00e1palem plic a dlouhodob\u011b se l\u00e9\u010dil ve Finsku, revoluce ho zastihla mimo \u00fazem\u00ed Ruska. V nep\u0159ehledn\u00e9 situaci uva\u017eoval, \u017ee se usad\u00ed v Indii, dostal v\u0161ak pozv\u00e1n\u00ed k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a v roce 1920 tam s rodinou odjel. M\u011bl velmi \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou v\u00fdstavu v New Yorku a je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdstav po cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Pracoval tam i jako sc\u00e9nick\u00fd v\u00fdtvarn\u00edk (Wagnerova opera Tristan a Isolda pro Operu v Chicagu). V roce 1921 zalo\u017eil v New Yorku vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed Mistrovsk\u00fd institut spojen\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00fd se sna\u017eil propojit mal\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi druhy v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed. Institutu se da\u0159ilo do roku 1937, kdy byl zru\u0161en, a a\u017e 1949 byl obnoven jako N. Roerich Museum. Je v n\u011bm velik\u00e1 sb\u00edrka um\u011blcov\u00fdch obraz\u016f.\n\nKone\u010dn\u011b v roce 1923 se Rerichovi dostali do Indie. Nejd\u0159\u00edve se soust\u0159edili na prohl\u00eddku kulturn\u00edch a historick\u00fdch center a sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi u\u010denci a um\u011blci. P\u0159est\u011bhovali se do podh\u016f\u0159\u00ed Him\u00e1laje, \u00fadol\u00ed Kullu bl\u00edzko m\u011bste\u010dka Naggar, kde zalo\u017eili nov\u00fd domov a \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed him\u00e1lajsk\u00fdch studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo zam\u011b\u0159eno na botaniku, etnografii, lingvistiku a starou indickou a \u010d\u00ednskou medic\u00ednu. Toto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na plo\u0161e 16 hektar\u016f a m\u00e1 11 budov. Funguje dodnes jako mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed nadace Institution Roerich Memorial Trust (IRMT), kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum, galerii Rerichov\u00fdch obraz\u016f a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u0161kolu pro 150 d\u011bt\u00ed, kde se vyu\u010duje vedle v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 indick\u00fd klasick\u00fd balet, klasick\u00e1 hudba, um\u011bn\u00ed \u0159ezb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a textiln\u00ed (tradi\u010dn\u00ed tkan\u00ed).\n\nRericha, kter\u00fd se hluboce zaj\u00edmal o n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed a kulturu V\u00fdchodu, fascionovala pov\u011bst o b\u00e1jn\u00e9 podzemn\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161i \u0160ambala, kter\u00e1 se pr\u00fd nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Him\u00e1laji. Svoji velikou v\u00fdzkumnou expedici (1924-28) v\u011bnoval pr\u00e1v\u011b hled\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to b\u00e1jn\u00e9 zem\u011b. Putoval s man\u017eelkou a syny a vy\u0161li ze \u0160r\u00ednagaru v Ka\u0161m\u00edru, pokra\u010dovali p\u0159es Ladak, Tibet, Turkest\u00e1n a poho\u0159\u00ed Altaj a\u017e do Mongolska. Po cest\u011b studovali n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, m\u00fdty, bajky a jazyky obyvatel v\u0161ech \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00fdmi pro\u0161li, hovo\u0159ili s domorodci i s mnichy z vysokohorsk\u00fdch kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f. Cesta byla nesm\u00edrn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, i kdy\u017e byli dob\u0159e vybaveni \u2013 expedice m\u011bla sto velbloud\u016f, p\u011bt kon\u00ed, p\u011bt n\u00e1kladn\u00edch povoz\u016f a n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek nosi\u010d\u016f. Postupovali star\u00fdmi karavann\u00edmi cestami, museli p\u0159ekonat p\u0159es t\u0159icet vysokohorsk\u00fdch pr\u016fsmyk\u016f ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 4 a\u017e 6 tis\u00edc metr\u016f, p\u0159e\u0161li poho\u0159\u00ed Kar\u00e1k\u00f3ram i Altaj a putovali po okraj\u00edch \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 pou\u0161t\u011b Taklamakan. Cestu popisuje kniha Srdce Asie, vznikla na n\u00ed \u0159ada obraz\u016f a byla inspirac\u00ed i pro dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00edla.\n\nPo n\u00e1vratu Rerich maloval a psal knihy a filozofick\u00e1 pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed z etnografie, archeologie, mystiky a n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Roku 1935 za\u010dal realizovat z\u00e1m\u011br, o kter\u00e9m uva\u017eoval ji\u017e \u0159adu let - zformuloval a propagoval mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dohodu o ochran\u011b um\u011bleck\u00fdch, historick\u00fdch a kulturn\u00edch pam\u00e1tek v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e1lky (tzv. Rerich\u016fv m\u00edrov\u00fd pakt), kter\u00fd podepsalo 21 st\u00e1t\u016f panamerick\u00e9 unie a v\u00fdznamn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00ed um\u011blci (Rab\u00edndran\u00e1th Th\u00e1kur, G. B. Shaw, H. G. Wells aj.). Namaloval pro tuto akci obraz \u201ePakt kultury\u201c, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m st\u0159edu \u010dint\u00e1mani, buddhistick\u00fd a hinduistick\u00fd symbol, kter\u00fd byl pro Roericha znakem duchovna a m\u00edru. \u010cint\u00e1mani (sanskrt), je b\u00e1jn\u00fd drahokam s osmi fazetami, kter\u00fd pln\u00ed v\u0161echna p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. V Rerichiov\u011b stylizovan\u00e9m zobrazen\u00ed je to \u010derven\u011b or\u00e1movan\u00fd b\u00edl\u00fd kruh, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 uprost\u0159ed t\u0159i pyramidovit\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e9 \u010dint\u00e1mani (kruhy). Roerich navrhl tak\u00e9 vlajku paktu kultury \u2013 kruh \u010dint\u00e1mani v b\u00edl\u00e9m poli. Tento symbol se stal zobrazen\u00edm jeho nejvnit\u0159n\u011bj\u0161\u00edho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00edr je bezpodm\u00edne\u010dnou nutnost\u00ed pro dal\u0161\u00ed duchovn\u00ed rozvoj lidstva. Za svoji m\u00edrovou iniciativu byl N. K. Rerich nominov\u00e1n v roce 1935 na Nobelovu cenu m\u00edru.\n\nCel\u00fd \u017eivot se sna\u017eil p\u0159isp\u00edvat k duchovn\u00edmu rozvoji lidstva. Proto spolu s man\u017eelkou Helenou vytvo\u0159il novou duchovn\u00ed cestu nazvanou agni-j\u00f3ga (agni znamen\u00e1 v sanskrtu ohe\u0148), pokus o synt\u00e9zu buddhismu, teosofie, rusk\u00e9ho ortodoxn\u00edho k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed a Einsteinovy teorie relativity.\n\nD\u00edlo \nV prvn\u00edm obdob\u00ed (kolem roku 1904) maloval hlavn\u011b rusk\u00e1 posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 m\u00edsta a kl\u00e1\u0161tery (Star\u00fd Novgorod, Jaroslavl, Rostov Velik\u00fd, Suzdal, Smolensk, Kostroma, Pe\u010dora). Obrazy zachycovaly n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 t\u00e9mata a pravoslavn\u00e9 sv\u011btce, ale ji\u017e v nich p\u0159evl\u00e1dal mysticismus - motiv and\u011bl\u016f, str\u00e1\u017ec\u016f duchovn\u00edch poklad\u016f, motiv cesty, br\u00e1ny, mostu jako symbol duchovn\u00edho hled\u00e1n\u00ed. Objevovalo se i poselstv\u00ed d\u00e1vn\u00fdch v\u011bk\u016f a kultur (Ilja Muromec, Velk\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed), do obraz\u016f zakomponov\u00e1val tak\u00e9 zapomenut\u00e9 symboly. Po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce maloval p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm alegorick\u00e9 a symbolick\u00e9 obrazy (Bitva v nebes\u00edch).\n\nDal\u0161\u00ed tvorba byla ovlivn\u011bna studiem n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed a mystiky, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdchodn\u00ed. Jeho d\u00edla byla poznamen\u00e1na pobytem v Indii a Him\u00e1lajskou expedic\u00ed (obrazy Him\u00e1laj, Brahmaputra, Horsk\u00e1 pevnost, Horsk\u00e9 jezero, Kl\u00e1\u0161ter, Lama, Hranice Tibetu, Kan\u010dend\u017eenga, Tibetsk\u00fd stan, Mongolsk\u00e9 jurty, Mongolsk\u00fd jezdec, K\u016f\u0148 \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed \u2013 znak \u010dintamani, Gessar-ch\u00e1n). V\u011b\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e9matem bylo zachycen\u00ed mu\u017esk\u00e9ho a \u017eensk\u00e9ho principu a s\u00e9rie ikonografick\u00fdch p\u0159edstav o matce bo\u017e\u00ed. Zobrazoval ji jako k\u0159es\u0165anskou Marii (Madona laboris), nebo hinduistick\u00e9 bohyn\u011b (Lak\u0161m\u00ed a hn\u011bviv\u00e1 K\u00e1l\u00ed). Maloval tak\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b p\u0159edstavitele r\u016fzn\u00fdch sv\u011btov\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed \u2013 Krista, Muhammada, Buddhu, Konfucuia. Zaj\u00edmal se i o \u201ebohy budoucnosti\u201c, Buddhu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch v\u011bk\u016f Majtreju a Kalk\u00edho, posledn\u00edho avatara (vt\u011blen\u00ed) boha Vi\u0161nua.\n\nRerichovy knihy byly v\u011bnov\u00e1ny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm filosofii, n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed a mystice (Adamant, Plamen v kalichu, \u0158\u00ed\u0161e sv\u011btla), ale i etnografii a archeologii. Duchovn\u00ed hled\u00e1n\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed sb\u00edrka b\u00e1sn\u00ed Kv\u011bty Morya (1916\u201319). Cesty zachycuj\u00ed knihy Srdce Asie a Po\u017eehnan\u00e1 cesta.\n\n\u0158\u00e1dy a vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed \n\n \u0158\u00e1d sv. Stanislava (Rusko)\n \u0158\u00e1d sv. Anny (Rusko)\n \u0158\u00e1d sv. Vladim\u00edra (Rusko)\n \u0158\u00e1d sv. S\u00e1vy (Srbsko)\n Ryt\u00ed\u0159 \u010destn\u00e9 legie (Francie).\n\nV \u010de\u0161tin\u011b vy\u0161la v 2003 Rerichova kniha Z\u00e1\u0159\u00edc\u00ed \u0160ambala v nakladatelstv\u00ed Kit\u011b\u017e.\n\nV Rusku si N. K. Rericha i jeho d\u00edla v\u017edy velmi v\u00e1\u017eili, jeho obrazy jsou v moskevsk\u00e9 Tre\u0165jakovsk\u00e9 galerii a st\u00e1le vych\u00e1zej\u00ed v ru\u0161tin\u011b jeho kn\u00ed\u017eky. Roku 2014 byla v Petrohrad\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1na k 150. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed um\u011blcova narozen\u00ed velik\u00e1 v\u00fdstava, na kter\u00e9 byly i obrazy zap\u016fj\u010den\u00e9 ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z Indie a USA.\n\nSouvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky \n Agni-j\u00f3ga\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n \n  \u017divotopis a rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 galerie obraz\u016f na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Fondu Daniila Andrejeva\n  Rerichovo muzeum\n\nRu\u0161t\u00ed mal\u00ed\u0159i\nRu\u0161t\u00ed spisovatel\u00e9\nRu\u0161t\u00ed archeologov\u00e9\nRu\u0161t\u00ed filozofov\u00e9\nMystikov\u00e9\nTeosofov\u00e9\nNositel\u00e9 \u0158\u00e1du svat\u00e9ho Stanislava\nNarozen\u00ed v roce 1874\nNarozen\u00ed 9. \u0159\u00edjna\nNarozen\u00ed v Petrohradu\n\u00damrt\u00ed v roce 1947\n\u00damrt\u00ed 13. prosince\nMu\u017ei\nRyt\u00ed\u0159i \u0158\u00e1du \u010destn\u00e9 legie\nAbsolventi vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol v Rusku\nArcheologov\u00e9 20. stolet\u00ed\nFilozofov\u00e9 20. stolet\u00ed", "meta": {"title": "Nikolaj Konstantinovi\u010d Rerich", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaj%20Konstantinovi%C4%8D%20Rerich", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tulfes is a municipality in the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol, located 12\u00a0km east of Innsbruck and 6\u00a0km above Hall in Tirol. The village was mentioned as \u201cTellevo\u201d for the first time in 1240. Main source of income is tourism. Tulfes became a popular area of settlement due to the cities of Innsbruck and Hall.\n\nPopulation\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n Municipality Tulfes: Official website of the municipality in the Hall-Wattens region\n\nCities and towns in Innsbruck-Land District", "meta": {"title": "Tulfes", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulfes", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Star Istevnik (en mac\u00e9donien \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0418\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a) est un village de l'est de la Mac\u00e9doine du Nord, situ\u00e9 dans la municipalit\u00e9 de Deltchevo. Le village comptait  en 2002.\n\nD\u00e9mographie \nLors du recensement de 2002, le village comptait :\n Mac\u00e9doniens : 70\n\nVoir aussi\n\nLiens internes \n Deltchevo (Mac\u00e9doine)\n\nLiens externes \n  Site officiel de la municipalit\u00e9 de Deltchevo\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nVillage dans la commune de Del\u010devo", "meta": {"title": "Star Istevnik", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%20Istevnik", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "E.Town Concrete, ou parfois appel\u00e9 E-Town, est un groupe de rap metal am\u00e9ricain, originaire d'Elizabeth, dans le New Jersey.\n\nBiographie \nLe groupe est form\u00e9 en 1995. Leur premier album Time 2 Shine sort en 1999 sur le label Resurrection A.D. Ils publieront par la suite quatre autres albums sur diff\u00e9rents labels, tels que Razor & Tie ou Ironbound Recordings. En 2004, le groupe joue au Hellfest, \u00e0 Clisson, en France. Le groupe d\u00e9cide de se s\u00e9parer en 2006, jouant leur dernier concert le 20 mai de cette m\u00eame ann\u00e9e.\n\nLe , la page Myspace du groupe indiquait leur retour imminent. Deux concerts au Starland Ballroom de Sareyville, New Jersey, sont annonc\u00e9s le 13 octobre 2008, et programm\u00e9s pour le 20 et 21 f\u00e9vrier 2009. Depuis leur r\u00e9unification en 2009, le groupe comprend \u00e9galement un clavi\u00e9riste et un percussionniste lors de leurs concerts. Ils rejouent au Starland Ballroom le  avec entre autres The Acacia Strain, Ill Bill, Reign Supreme, et Razorblade Handgrenade. Ils revinrent une quatri\u00e8me fois au Starland Ballroom avec Hatebreed le 8 janvier 2011. En f\u00e9vrier 2012, E-Town Concrete publie une nouvelle chanson intitul\u00e9e Someone Tell 'Em, leur premi\u00e8re depuis neuf ans. En juin 2013, les groupes qui joueront au East Coast Tsunami 2013 sont annonc\u00e9s. Le festival fera jouer E.Town Concrete le 29 septembre aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de groupes comme Sworn Enemy. En 2014, le groupe publie son nouvel album, The Renaissance, chez Roadrunner Records.\n\nEn juillet 2016, E.Town Concrete annonce un concert sp\u00e9cial 20 ans, le  octobre, au Starland Ballroom de Sayreville, dans le New Jersey. Ils joueront aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de Candiria et All Out War.\n\nMembres\n\nMembres actuels \n Anthony Martini (Ant-Money ; Ignant Ass Ant) - chant (depuis 1995)\n David  Mondragon - guitare (depuis 1995)\n Ted P. (Theodore Panagopoulos) - batterie (depuis 1995)\n Eric DeNault - basse (depuis 1997)\n\nAnciens membres \n Ken Pescatore - guitare (1995\u20131998)\n Henry W Hess IV - basse (1995\u20131997)\n\nDiscographie \n 2014 : The Renaissance\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n  E.Town Concrete sur PureVolume\n\nGroupe am\u00e9ricain de rap metal\nGroupe am\u00e9ricain de punk hardcore\nGroupe am\u00e9ricain de metal alternatif\nGroupe musical form\u00e9 en 1995\nGroupe musical du New Jersey\nArtiste de Triple Crown Records", "meta": {"title": "E.Town Concrete", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.Town%20Concrete", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Os porta-avi\u00f5es Zeppelin classe Graf foram quatro porta-avi\u00f5es Kriegsmarine alem\u00e3es planejadas em meados da d\u00e9cada de 1930 pelo Grande Almirante Erich Raeder como parte do programa de rearmamento Plano Z, depois da Alemanha e Gr\u00e3-Bretanha assinaram o Acordo Naval Anglo-Germ\u00e2nico. Eles foram planejando-o ap\u00f3s um estudo aprofundado de modelos japoneses operados; no entanto, os arquitetos navais alem\u00e3es entraram em dificuldades devido \u00e0 falta de experi\u00eancia na constru\u00e7\u00e3o de tais navios, as realidades situacionais de opera\u00e7\u00f5es de transporte no Mar do Norte e da falta de clareza geral em objetivos da miss\u00e3o dos navios. Esta falta de clareza levou a caracter\u00edsticas tanto eliminados ou n\u00e3o inclu\u00eddas nos projetos transportadora americanos e japoneses. Estes inclu\u00edram um complemento de armas de fogo de tipo cruiser para o com\u00e9rcio invas\u00e3o e defesa contra cruzadores brit\u00e2nicos. Transportadoras americanas e japonesas, desenhadas ao longo das linhas de defesa da for\u00e7a-tarefa, usam apoio cruzadores para o poder de fogo de superf\u00edcie, o que permitiu que as opera\u00e7\u00f5es de voo para continuar sem interrup\u00e7\u00e3o e manteve portadores de risco indevido de dano ou afundar de a\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie.\n\nUma combina\u00e7\u00e3o de luta pol\u00edtica entre a Kriegsmarine e Luftwaffe, disputas dentro das fileiras de interesse minguante da pr\u00f3pria Kriegsmarine e Adolf Hitler todos conspiraram contra os transportadores. A escassez de trabalhadores e materiais desacelerou constru\u00e7\u00e3o ainda mais e, em 1939, Raeder reduziu o n\u00famero de navios de quatro para duas. Mesmo assim, a Luftwaffe treinados sua primeira unidade de pilotos para o servi\u00e7o de suporte e preparou-o para opera\u00e7\u00f5es de voo. Com o advento da Segunda Guerra Mundial, as prioridades deslocado para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de submarinos; uma transportadora, Flugzeugtr\u00e4ger B, foi quebrado na rampa de lan\u00e7amento, enquanto o trabalho do outro, Flugzeugtr\u00e4ger A (batizado Graf Zeppelin) foi mantido provisoriamente, mas suspensa em 1940. A unidade de ar prevista para ela foi dissolvida nesse momento.\n\nO papel das aeronaves na Batalha de Taranto, a busca do encoura\u00e7ado Bismarck alem\u00e3o, o ataque a Pearl Harbor e da Batalha de Midway demonstraram conclusivamente a utilidade do porta-avi\u00f5es na guerra naval moderna. Com a autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o de Hitler, o trabalho recome\u00e7ou no transportador restante. O progresso foi novamente adiada, desta vez pela demanda por avi\u00f5es mais recentes projetados especificamente para uso transportadora e a necessidade de moderniza\u00e7\u00e3o do navio em fun\u00e7\u00e3o da evolu\u00e7\u00e3o do tempo de guerra. desencanto de Hitler com o desempenho de unidades de superf\u00edcie da Kriegsmarine levou a uma paralisa\u00e7\u00e3o final do trabalho. O navio foi capturado pela Uni\u00e3o Sovi\u00e9tica no final da guerra e afundado como um navio-alvo, em 1947.\n\nDesign e constru\u00e7\u00e3o\nDepois de 1933, a Kriegsmarine come\u00e7ou a examinar a possibilidade de construir um porta-avi\u00f5es. Wilhelm Hadeler tinha sido assistente do Professor de Constru\u00e7\u00e3o Naval da Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Berlim por nove anos, quando foi nomeado para elaborar desenhos preliminares para um porta-avi\u00f5es, em abril de 1934. Primeiro projeto de Hadeler era um navio de 22.000 longo ton (22.000 t), que poderia levar 50 aeronaves e vapor a 35 n\u00f3s (65\u00a0km / h; 40\u00a0mph). O Acordo Naval Anglo-Germ\u00e2nico, assinado em 18 de Junho de 1935, permitiu que a Alemanha para construir porta-avi\u00f5es com deslocamento total de at\u00e9 38.500 toneladas, Embora a Alemanha foi limitada a 35% da tonelagem brit\u00e2nica totais em qualquer categoria de navio de guerra. A Kriegsmarine, ent\u00e3o, decidiu escalar para tr\u00e1s o projeto de Hadeler para 19.250 toneladas longas (19.560 t), o que permitiria a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de dois navios dentro do limite de 35%.\n\nA equipe de design decidiu que a nova operadora teria de ser capaz de se defender contra os combatentes de superf\u00edcie, o que exigiu a prote\u00e7\u00e3o armadura para o padr\u00e3o de um cruzador pesado. Uma bateria de dezesseis 15\u00a0cm (5,9 in) armas foram consideradas suficientes para defender o navio de destruidores. Em 1935, Adolf Hitler anunciou que a Alemanha iria construir porta-avi\u00f5es para fortalecer a Kriegsmarine. Um oficial da Luftwaffe, um oficial da Marinha, e um construtor visitou o Jap\u00e3o no Outono de 1935 para obter modelos de equipamentos de cabina de pilotagem e inspecionar o porta-avi\u00f5es japoneses Akagi. Os alem\u00e3es tamb\u00e9m tentaram em v\u00e3o examinar o HMS transportadora brit\u00e2nica Furious.\n\nA quilha do Graf Zeppelin foi estabelecido em 28 de dezembro de 1936, na rampa de lan\u00e7amento que, recentemente, ocupava o coura\u00e7ado Gneisenau. O navio foi constru\u00eddo pelo estaleiro Deutsche Werke em Kiel. Dois anos mais tarde, Gro\u00dfadmiral (Grande Almirante) Erich Raeder apresentou um programa de constru\u00e7\u00e3o naval ambicioso denominado Plano Z que iria construir a Kriegsmarine a um ponto onde ele poderia desafiar a Marinha Real Brit\u00e2nica no Mar do Norte. No \u00e2mbito do Plano Z, em 1945, como parte da for\u00e7a equilibrada a Marinha teria quatro transportadores; o par de Graf Zeppelin navios da classe foram os dois primeiros no plano. Hitler aprovou o programa de constru\u00e7\u00e3o em 1 de Mar\u00e7o de 1939. Em 1938, um segundo porta, ordenou sob o nome provis\u00f3rio \"B\", foi previsto no estaleiro Germaniawerft em Kiel. Graf Zeppelin foi lan\u00e7ada em 8 de Dezembro de 1938.\n\nAeronave\nO papel esperado da classe Graf Zeppelin foi o de uma plataforma mar\u00edtima de aferi\u00e7\u00e3o e seu grupo a\u00e9reo inicialmente previsto refletiu que a \u00eanfase: 20 Fieseler Fi, 167 biplanos para scouting e torpedo ataque, 10 Messerschmitt Bf, 109 lutadores, 13 Junkers Ju, 87 bombardeiros de mergulho. Isso foi mais tarde alterado para 30 Bf, 109 lutadores, 12 Ju, 87 bombardeiros de mergulho como doutrina transportadora no Jap\u00e3o, Gr\u00e3-Bretanha e os Estados Unidos se afastou de direitos puramente de reconhecimento para com miss\u00f5es de combate ofensivas.\n\nNo final de 1938, a Technische Amt RLM (Gabinete T\u00e9cnico do Minist\u00e9rio da Avia\u00e7\u00e3o Reichsluftfahrtministerium ou Estadual) solicitou que o Messerschmitt departamento do projeto Augsburg elaborar planos para uma vers\u00e3o transmitida por portador do lutador Bf 109E, a ser designado Bf 109T (o \"T \"em p\u00e9 de Tr\u00e4ger ou Carrier). At\u00e9 dezembro de 1940, o RLM decidiu completar apenas sete Bf 109T-1s equipado operadoras e para terminar o restante como T-2s terrestres desde o trabalho na Graf Zeppelin tinha deixado para tr\u00e1s em abril e parecia haver pouca probabilidade de que ela faria em seguida, ser encomendado qualquer momento em breve. Quando o trabalho na Graf Zeppelin cessou, os T-2s foram mobilizados para a Noruega. No final de 1941, quando o interesse em completar Graf Zeppelin revivido, o Bf sobrevivendo 109 T-2s foram retirados de servi\u00e7o de linha de frente, a fim de prepar\u00e1-los novamente para o servi\u00e7o de suporte poss\u00edvel. Sete T-2s foram reconstru\u00eddas com os padr\u00f5es T-1 e entregues ao Kriegsmarine em 19 de maio de 1942. Em dezembro, um total de 48 Bf 109T-2s havia sido convertido novamente em T-1s. 46 destes foram estacionados em Pillau na Pr\u00fassia Oriental e reservado para uso a bordo do porta. Em fevereiro de 1943, no entanto, todos os trabalhos no Graf Zeppelin tinha cessado ea aeronave foram devolvidos ao servi\u00e7o de Luftwaffe em abril.\n\nPorta-avi\u00f5es da Marinha da Alemanha", "meta": {"title": "Classe Graf Zeppelin", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe%20Graf%20Zeppelin", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "This is a list of cemeteries in Georgia.\n\nCemeteries in Georgia\n\n Black Pioneers Cemetery, Euharlee, Georgia\n Ebenezer Cemetery, Jerusalem Lutheran Church, Rincon, founded 1733 by Lutheran refugees from Salzburg, Austria\n Forest Lawn Cemetery, College Park \n Georgia National Cemetery\n Greenwood Cemetery, Atlanta\n Laurel Grove Cemetery\n Levi Sheftall Family Cemetery, Savannah\n Lincoln Cemetery, Atlanta \n Linwood Cemetery (Columbus, Georgia)\n Magnolia Cemetery, Augusta, Georgia\n Marietta Confederate Cemetery\n Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change, Atlanta \n Memory Hill Cemetery\n Mordecai Sheftall Cemetery, Savannah\n\n Oak Hill Cemetery, Cartersville, Georgia\n Patrick R. Cleburne Confederate Cemetery \u2013 large memorial cemetery with hundreds of unmarked confederate graves from the Civil War\n Resaca Confederate Cemetery, Resaca, Georgia\n South Bend Cemetery\n South-View Cemetery, Atlanta\n Southview Cemetery, Augusta, Georgia\n Summerville Cemetery, Augusta, Georgia\n Sunbury Cemetery, Sunbury, Georgia\n St. James Episcopal Cemetery, Marietta\n Westview Cemetery, Atlanta (largest civilian cemetery in southeastern United States)\n\nCemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in Georgia\n\n Andersonville National Historic Site\n Basket Creek Cemetery\n Behavior Cemetery\n Bonaventure Cemetery, Savannah, made famous by the Bird Girl sculpture featured on the cover of the book, and in the movie of, Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil\n City Cemetery (Sandersville, Georgia)\n Crawford-Dorsey House and Cemetery\n Colored Cemetery\n Decatur Cemetery\n Jackson Street Cemetery, Athens\n Lott Cemetery\n Marietta National Cemetery\n McCanaan Missionary Baptist Church and Cemetery\n Midway Historic District, Midway, Georgia\n Myrtle Hill Cemetery, Rome, Georgia\n Notchaway Baptist Church and Cemetery\n Oakland Cemetery, Atlanta \n Oconee Hill Cemetery, Athens \n Old City Cemetery, Columbus, Georgia\n Riverside Cemetery, Macon\n Robert Mable House and Cemetery\n Rose Hill Cemetery, Macon \n Sunset Hill Cemetery\n Upper Lott's Creek Primitive Baptist Church and Cemetery\n\nSee also\n List of cemeteries in the United States\n\nReferences\n\n \n\nCemeteries in Georgia (U.S. state)\nGeorgia", "meta": {"title": "List of cemeteries in Georgia (U.S. state)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20cemeteries%20in%20Georgia%20%28U.S.%20state%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dunai is een dorpscommissie (Engels: village development committee, afgekort VDC; Nepalees: panchayat) in het westen van Nepal, en tevens de hoofdplaats van het district Dolpa. De plaats telde bij de volkstelling in 2001 2136 inwoners, in 2011 2592 inwoners.\n\nDorpscommissie in Nepal", "meta": {"title": "Dunai", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunai", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cantonul Taninges este un canton din arondismentul Bonneville, departamentul Haute-Savoie, regiunea Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes, Fran\u021ba.\n\nComune \n\n La C\u00f4te-d'Arbroz\n La Rivi\u00e8re-Enverse\n Les Gets\n Mieussy\n Taninges (re\u0219edin\u021b\u0103)\n\n \n \n\nCantoane \u00een Haute-Savoie", "meta": {"title": "Cantonul Taninges", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonul%20Taninges", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "James Henry Norick (January 23, 1920 \u2013 March 4, 2015) was an American politician. He served as mayor of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, from 1959 to 1963 and 1967 to 1971. He was a member of the Democratic party. Norick also served on Oklahoma City council prior to serving as mayor, from 1951 to 1955. His son, Ron Norick, was also a mayor of Oklahoma City, serving from 1987 to 1998. He was the son of Henry Calvin and Ruth Norick. His father owned a printing business. James Norick attended the Oklahoma Military Academy and served in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1945. Norick died on March 4, 2015, at the age of 95.\n\nReferences\n\n1920 births\n2015 deaths\nClassen School of Advanced Studies alumni\nMayors of Oklahoma City\nOklahoma city council members\nOklahoma Democrats", "meta": {"title": "James Norick", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Norick", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La cinqui\u00e8me \u00e9dition du Championnat international d'escrime en 1926 s'est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 dans deux endroits diff\u00e9rents : les \u00e9preuves de fleuret (qui fait son apparition) et de sabre \u00e0 Budapest, en Hongrie, et d'\u00e9p\u00e9e \u00e0  Ostende, en Belgique.\n\nR\u00e9sultats\n\nTableau des m\u00e9dailles \n\n1926\nEscrime\nEscrime 1926\nEscrime 1926\n\u00c9v\u00e9nement sportif \u00e0 Ostende\nInternational 1926\nInternational 1926\nMonde\nSport en Hongrie en 1926\nSport en Belgique en 1926", "meta": {"title": "Championnat international d'escrime 1926", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Championnat%20international%20d%27escrime%201926", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Morasverdes \u00e9 um munic\u00edpio da Espanha na prov\u00edncia de Salamanca, comunidade aut\u00f3noma de Castela e Le\u00e3o, de \u00e1rea 51,88 km\u00b2 com popula\u00e7\u00e3o de 351 habitantes (2007) e densidade populacional de 7,56 hab/km\u00b2.\n\nDemografia \n\n  elpelos.com:Morasverdes y sus gentes\n\n  morasverdes.com:Desc\u00fabrelo todo sobre Morasverdes\n\nMorasverdes\nMunic\u00edpios da Espanha por nome\nMunic\u00edpios por nome de Castela e Le\u00e3o\nLocalidades da Espanha\nLocalidades de Castela e Le\u00e3o\nLocalidades de Salamanca (prov\u00edncia)", "meta": {"title": "Morasverdes", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morasverdes", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Lincolnshire (pronunciat /\u02c8l\u026a\u014bk\u0259n\u0283\u0259r/ o /\u02c8l\u026a\u014bk\u0259n\u0283\u026a\u0259r/; abreujat Lincs) \u00e9s un dels comtats d'Anglaterra, situat a la regi\u00f3 dels Midlands de l'Est. Limita amb els comtats de Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, Rutland, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, South Yorkshire, East Riding of Yorkshire i Northamptonshire. \u00c9s del tipus comtat no metropolit\u00e0, ja que la majoria de la poblaci\u00f3 pertany a l'\u00e0mbit rural. En la seva economia t\u00e9 un lloc destacat l'agricultura i el turisme de costa, on els visitants poden trobar diversos parcs d'atraccions.\nLincolnshire va ser el comtat on va n\u00e9ixer el fam\u00f3s cient\u00edfic Isaac Newton.\n\nEl comtat cerimonial de Lincolnshire et\u00e0 format per nou districtes, dos dels quals s\u00f3n autoritats unit\u00e0ries: Lincolnshire Nord i Lincolnshire Nord-est.t\u00e9 la particularitat que algunes poblacions no estan coberts pel servei de policia del mateix comtat sin\u00f3 pel dels comtats ve\u00efns.\n\nAls nascuts a Lincolnshire se'ls anomena panxesgrogues (Yellowbellies ). No est\u00e0 clar l'origen d'aquest sobrenom, per\u00f2 es creu que podria tenir a veure amb el color de les solapes de l'uniforme del X Regiment d'Infanteria, de fet, en l'escut her\u00e0ldic del comtat es veuen dos oficials d'aquest ex\u00e8rcit;per\u00f2 altres opinen que ve del nom d'una granota t\u00edpica d'aquesta contrada.\n\nGeografia \n\nLa geografia de Lincolnshire \u00e9s for\u00e7a variada, per\u00f2 es pot agrupar en les seg\u00fcents \u00e0rees:\n\n Els Wolds de Lincolnshire, una zona de turons arrodonits situada al nord-est del comtat, que est\u00e0 designada \u00e0rea d'especial bellesa natural (AONB).\n Els Fens, una zona d'aiguamolls que domina el paisatge del quadrant sud-est.\n Els maresmes, que s'estenen al llarg de la costa.\n Els promontoris de Lincoln, una l\u00ednia de penya-segats de pedra calc\u00e0ria que van de nord a sud ocupant la meitat oest del comtat.\n\nEl riu Humber separa el comtat de l'Riding Est de Yorkshire, al sud.\n\nEl comtat va patir un terratr\u00e8mol el 27 de febrer del 2008, que va assolir les magnituds 4,7 i 5,3 en l'escala de Richter, un dels m\u00e9s intensos que han afectat l'illa de la Gran Bretanya en els darrers anys.\n\nHist\u00f2ria \n\nLincolnshire procedeix de la uni\u00f3 dels territoris de l'antic regne de Lindsey amb el territori de Stamford, que havia estat sota el control del Danelaw. \u00c9s per aix\u00f2 que durant algun temps aquest comtat se l'anomenava \"Lindsey\", i aquest \u00e9s el nom que consta al Domesday Book, escrit al . Posteriorment el nom de Lindsey es va aplicar nom\u00e9s a la zona nord, al voltant de Lincoln, el que seria una de les tres parts de Lincolnshire, juntament amb les altres dues parts: Holland, al sud-est, i Kesteven al sud-oest. Cadascuna d'aquestes parts tenia els seus tribunals, que actuaven quatre vegades a l'any (Quarter Sessions), i administradors propis.\n\nL'any 1888 quan es van establir els consells dels comtats d'Anglaterra, Lindsey, Holland i Kesteven van obtenir un per a cadascun, amb seus a Lincoln, Sleaford i Boston, respectivament. Aquests organismes van perdurar fins al 1974, quan Holland, Kesteven, i la major part de Lindsey van quedar unificats amb la creaci\u00f3 del comtat administratiu de Lincolnshire. La zona nord de l'antic Lindsey, que inclo\u00efa el municipi de Scunthorpe i el de Grimsby van ser incorporats en el nou comtat de Humberside, el qual tamb\u00e9 va rebre territoris de l'Riding Est de Yorkshire.\n\nAmb la reforma de governs locals del 1996 Humberside va quedar abolit, i les terres al sud de l'Humber van ser traspassades als districtes de Nord Lincolnshire i Nord-est Lincolnshire. Aquestes dues \u00e0rees van quedar dins el comtat de Lincolnshire per q\u00fcestions cerimonials, per exemple s\u00f3n representades per una mateixa persona, el Lord Lieutenant, per\u00f2 no comparteixen el servei de policia de Lincolnshire, sin\u00f3 que reben aquest servei de les regions de Yorkshire i Humber; per altres q\u00fcestions s\u00f3n administrativament independents, ja que s\u00f3n autoritats unit\u00e0ries.\n\nLa resta de districtes de Lincolnshire s\u00f3n: Boston, Lindsey Est, Lincoln, Kesteven Nord, Holland Sud, Kesteven Sud, i Lindsey Oest. El comtat forma part de la regi\u00f3 dels Midlands de l'Est.\n\nPoblacions \n\nEl comtat no metropolit\u00e0 de Lincolnshire no t\u00e9 grans \u00e0rees urbanes, a banda de Lincoln i la seva rodalia, i Boston. Tanmateix les \u00e0rees de Skegness, Ingoldmells i Chapel St Leonards (i en menor grau Sutton-on-Sea i Mablethorpe) situades al llarg de la costa, estan cada cop m\u00e9s urbanitzades i m\u00e9s poblades durant les vacances d'estiu, fins i tot emprant caravanes. Tots aquests estiuejants no s\u00f3n una poblaci\u00f3 reflectida en els estudis censals, per\u00f2 s'estima que, al ple de l'estiu, ha poblaci\u00f3 local augmenta fins als 100.000 residents. Aix\u00f2 t\u00e9 un apreciable impacte en les infraestructures i serveis dels pobles de la costa.\n\nLa seg\u00fcent llista dona informaci\u00f3 sobre les poblacions amb m\u00e9s habitants segons el cens del 2011:\n\nEconomia \nLa seg\u00fcent taula indica l'aportaci\u00f3 al producte interior brut, desglossat per sectors, amb valors expressats en milions de lliures esterlines. La suma dels valors parcials pot no coincidir amb el valor total degut als arrodoniments.\n\nNegocis \nLes empreses m\u00e9s destacades de Lincolnshire s\u00f3n: Lincs FM Group (emissora de r\u00e0dio), Young's Seafood (peix fresc i congelat), Openfield (llavors i fertilitzants) i Lincolnshire Co-operative (un conglomerat de diversos negocis: botigues d'alimentaci\u00f3, farm\u00e0cies, funer\u00e0ries, floristeries, ag\u00e8ncies de viatges, que dona feina a un quart de la poblaci\u00f3).\n\nAgricultura \n\nLincolnshire \u00e9s una \u00e0rea agr\u00edcola, on es conreen grans quantitats de blat, ordi, remolatxa sucrera i colza. A Lincolnshire Sud, on el terra \u00e9s particularment ric en nutrients, es conreen: patates, cols, coliflors, i cebes. A Lincolnshire Sud hi ha l'estaci\u00f3 experimental agr\u00edcola m\u00e9s gran del Regne Unit, concretament a la poblaci\u00f3 de Sutton Bridge, que est\u00e0 patrocinada per Potato Councili Sutton Bridge Crop Storage Research.\n\nLa mecanitzaci\u00f3 que es va iniciar al voltant de l'any 1900 va disminuir for\u00e7a els llocs de treball que calia per operar en aquests grans camps de conreu. Algunes empreses es van establir a Lincoln, Gainsborough i Granthamper, per subministrar el material necessari per aquests canvis: l'empresa Richard Hornsby & Sons, i la William Foster & Co Ltd, que tamb\u00e9 feia vehicles per l'ex\u00e8rcit i \u00e9s famosa per haver constru\u00eft el primer tanc.\n\nActualment els treballadors immigrants procedents de l'est d'Europa s\u00f3n la majoria de la m\u00e0 d'obra estacional que s'encarreguen de fer la collita, en especial al sud del comtat on es produeixen petits vegetals i flors, que no poden ser collits amb maquin\u00e0ria. Aix\u00f2 causa de vegades conflictes amb la poblaci\u00f3 local que, a difer\u00e8ncia d'altres comtats, est\u00e0 poc acostumada a l'arribada massiva de treballadors. Per altra banda, a causa dels darrers canvis clim\u00e0tics, molts conreus s'han abandonat i la m\u00e0 d'obra estrangera ha disminu\u00eft. Alguns immigrants s\u00f3n ja una m\u00e0 d'obra permanent i han establert petites col\u00f2nies, per exemple els portuguesos a Boston o els polonesos a Grantham.\n\nTurisme \n\nLa majoria del turisme de Lincolnshires es localitza a les poblacions costaneres de l'est, a la zona geogr\u00e0fica dels Wolds. Aquesta zona \u00e9s un dels millors conjunts vacacionals del Regne Unit i atreu molts visitants de tot el pa\u00eds, per\u00f2 en especial els dels Midlands de l'Est i de Yorkshire. Hi ha tres ciutats principals i la resta s\u00f3n petites viles.\n\nUna d'aquestes ciutats \u00e9s Skegness, fam\u00f3s per l'escultura del Alegre Pescador i pel seu esl\u00f2gan \"Skegness \u00e9s tan vigoritzant!\". A continuaci\u00f3 estan Ingoldmells i Chapel St Leonards, que formen un espai continu per a caravanes a prop de la costa i serveis per a visitants. En aquesta zona hi ha a prop de la platja: entreteniments, botigues, llocs d'acampada (Butlins Skegness), parc d'atraccions (Fantasy Island), museus (Church Farm Museum, sobre la vida tradicional del pagesos), espectacles amb animals (Natureland Seal Sanctuary), circuit de velocitat del tipus stock car (Skegness Stadium), passeig mar\u00edtim (Skegness Pier) i diversos camps de golf. Hi ha bones carreteres i connexions amb autob\u00fas i ferrocarril amb la resta del comtat.\n\nEl segon gran nucli vacacional est\u00e0 al voltant de la ciutat de Mablethorpe, famosa per la sorra daurada de la seva platja, que enlla\u00e7a amb les ve\u00efnes Trusthorpe i Sutton-on-Sea. Tamb\u00e9 hi ha oferta d'activitats d'esbarjo i zona d'acampada per a caravanes, per\u00f2 est\u00e0 menys desenvolupada no hi ha tants bars de copes nocturns i els enlla\u00e7os per carretera no s\u00f3n tan bons; \u00e9s el lloc escollit pels turistes que busquen tranquil\u00b7litat i relax. L'acc\u00e9s per ferrocarril a aquesta zona va quedar restringit pel pla Beeching del 1963.\n\nEl tercer grup inclou la ciutat de Cleethorpes i la de Humberston, al districte de Lincolnshire Nord-est. Aqu\u00ed hi ha un parc tem\u00e0tic (Pleasure Island Family), un mini tren de 381 mm que fa un recorregut a prop de la costa (Cleethorpes Coast Light Railway), un passeig mar\u00edtim (Cleethorpes Pier) , camps de golf i llocs d'acampada per a caravanes. Cleethorpes est\u00e0 ben comunicada per carretera i ferrocarril, f\u00e0cilment accessible des de la M180 o des de la l\u00ednia TransPennine Express que va fins a Manchester.\n\nLa natura \u00e9s una atractiu per a molts turistes: al sud-est del comtat, sobretot als fenlands hi niuen diferents esp\u00e8cies d'ocells i es poden visitar les reserves naturals de Gibraltar Point, Saltfleetby i Theddlethorpe. La reserva natural de Donna Nook posseeix una col\u00f2nia de pinn\u00edpedes. La zona dels Wolds \u00e9s popular entre els aficionats al ciclisme i dels excursionistes per als quals es fa el Lincolnshire Wolds Walking Festival.\n\nDialecte \nCom en altres dialectes del nord d'Anglaterra i dels Midlands, es tendeix a pronunciar la vocal \"a\" amb el so [\u00e6], per exemple bath es diu /\u02c8b\u00e6\u03b8/, en comptes de /\u02c8b\u0251\u02d0\u03b8/, o water, pronunciat /\u02c8w\u00e6t\u0259r/. El so voc\u00e0lic del angl\u00e8s est\u00e0ndard /\u028c/ se substitueix per /\u028a/. Altres trets dialectals s\u00f3n:\n\n Transformaci\u00f3 dels sons /e\u026a/ o /i\u02d0/ del angl\u00e8s est\u00e0ndard, en un complex triftong que de vegades apareix escrit -air- o -yair-. Per exemple: mate, [m(j)\u025b\u02d0\u0259t]; beast [b(j)\u025b\u02d0\u0259st]; tates (diminutiu de potatoes [t(j)\u025b\u02d0\u0259ts].\n El diftong /o\u028a/ , que generalment es pronuncia [o\u02d0] al nord d'Anglaterra, a Lincolnshire es transforma en -ooa-. Per exemple, boat, [b\u028a\u02d0\u0259t].\n Inserci\u00f3 d'una /\u0259/ enmig el diftong de l'angl\u00e8s est\u00e0ndard /a\u028a/.\n Al nord-est del comtat, en la rodalia de Grimsby i Immingham, es produeix el fenomen de transformaci\u00f3 de la vocal pr\u00e8via a la \"r\", per exemple /\u025c\u02d0(r)/ es pronuncia com /e\u0259(r)/, igual com passa a entre els parlants de la costa est de Yorkshire i de Liverpool.\n Hi ha tot un conjunt de paraules que nom\u00e9s es fan servir aqu\u00ed o que prenen un nou significat; exemples: duck, emprat per donar \u00e0nims o saludar amistosament un company, mardy que vol dir \u00abneguit\u00f3s\u00bb o \u00abirascible\u00bb, mowt, \u00abpoder\u00f3s\u00bb, while \u00abfins a\u00bb, frit com a abreviaci\u00f3 de frightened, grufty que pot voler dir \u00abbrut\u00bb o \u00abrepugnant\u00bb; i la salutaci\u00f3 now then!? en comptes de dir hello, de vegades escrita nairn per indicar tal com es pronuncia. Un resident de Woodhall Spa, Edward Peacock, ir\u00f2nicament una de les poblacions m\u00e9s allunyades del Lincolnshire rural, va publicar un diccionari amb el vocabulari propi d'aquest comtat.\n\nUn granger de la localitat de Minting, que es fa dir Farmer Wink (de nom real Robert Carlton), va guanyar un concurs de r\u00e0dio per contestar preguntes sobre el dialecte de Lincolnshire i pels v\u00eddeos que ha fet explicant la vida rural tradicional emprant aquest dialecte.\n\n L'ex\u00e8rcit \n\nEl relleu bastant pla de Lincolnshire i la baixa densitat de poblaci\u00f3 fa que sigui un lloc escollit per a les instal\u00b7lacions de la RAF, que ha fet setanta bases militars, moltes de les quals estan actualment tancades per\u00f2 la seva pres\u00e8ncia \u00e9s encara important a Coningsby, on estan els Typhoon jets, a Waddington, on hi ha el quarter general, les oficines de subministraments i un aer\u00f2drom, a Cranwell, lloc d'entrenament d'oficials, a Scampton, on estan els Red Arrows, a Barkston Heath, on hi ha un camp d'entrenament. Altres bases menors s\u00f3n: la de Kirton, la de Holbeach, la de Donna Nook i la de Digby.\n\nL'ex\u00e8rcit de terra tamb\u00e9 t\u00e9 dues bases: una anomenada Sobraon Barracks, on est\u00e0 l'esquadr\u00f3 de log\u00edstica 160 (Lincoln), i l'altra Prince William of Gloucester Barracks'' (Grantham), on est\u00e0 l'escola d'entrenament Fase 2.\n\nNotes\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies\n\nBibliografia\n\nEnlla\u00e7os externs \n\n Lincolnshire web\n Lincolnshire County Council website\n Visitlincolnshire.com\n P\u00e0gina de la bandera oficial de Lincolnshire \n Lincolnshire Life magazine", "meta": {"title": "Lincolnshire", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnshire", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Anthophora zimini is een vliesvleugelig insect uit de familie bijen en hommels (Apidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1935 door Gussakovsky.\n\nzimini", "meta": {"title": "Anthophora zimini", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthophora%20zimini", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0435 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d \u041e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%20%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%20%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "W sezonie 2016/17 Dinamo Moskwa wyst\u0119powa\u0142o w Pierwszej Dywizji (2. poziom ligowy) i Pucharze Rosji.\n\nSk\u0142ad\n\nMecze\n\nTabela \n\n|}Zasady ustalania kolejno\u015bci: 1. Punkty, 2. Liczba zwyci\u0119stw, 3. Mecze bezpo\u015brednie.\n\n  otrzyma\u0142a licencj\u0119 na przysz\u0142y sezon i pozosta\u0142a w FNL, poniewa\u017c  zrezygnowa\u0142a z awansu.\n\nUwagi \n\nDinamo Moskwa w poszczeg\u00f3lnych sezonach\n2016 w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej\n2017 w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej\n2016 w Rosji\n2017 w Rosji", "meta": {"title": "Dinamo Moskwa w sezonie 2016/2017", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamo%20Moskwa%20w%20sezonie%202016/2017", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz ibn B\u0101z, auch Abdul-Aziz bin Baz (; geboren 1912 (meist wird der 21. November 1910 genannt) in Riad, Saudi-Arabien; gestorben am 13. Mai 1999) war ein saudi-arabischer Q\u0101d\u012b und Gelehrter salafistischer Ausrichtung. Ab 1992 wirkte er bis zu seinem Tod 1999 als Gro\u00dfmufti seines Heimatlandes. Bin B\u0101z war einer der wenigen Gelehrten, die zu vielen islamistischen Bewegungen gute Beziehungen pflegten, beispielsweise zu den Muslimbr\u00fcdern, den Anh\u00e4ngern der Sahwa, den Ahl-i Had\u012bth oder der Tablighi Jamaat. Seine Lehrmeinungen sind somit auch in diesen Str\u00f6mungen einflussreich.\n\nLeben \nAls Bin B\u0101z drei Jahre alt war, starb sein Vater. Dieser Umstand zwang ihn und seinen Bruder zum Verkauf von Kleidung auf dem Markt. Er gab sich zur selben Zeit weiterhin dem Studium hin, weshalb er, als er geschlechtsreif wurde (al-bul\u016b\u0121), den Koran auswendig konnte. Im Anschluss daran begann er bei einer Vielzahl von Gelehrten in Riad Schar\u02bf\u012ba-Wissenschaften und Arabisch zu studieren. Als er 16 Jahre alt war, verschlechterte sich sein Sehverm\u00f6gen, bis er mit 20 Jahren vollst\u00e4ndig erblindete.\nEr studierte unter anderem bei Muhammad bin Ibr\u0101h\u012bm \u0100l asch-Schaich, einem Enkel Muhammad ibn \u02bfAbd al-Wahh\u0101bs und seines Zeichens der wichtigste Lehrer im Nadschd. Muhammad bin Ibr\u0101h\u012bm \u0100l asch-Schaich war gleichzeitig Bin B\u0101z' Vorg\u00e4nger im Amt des saudi-arabischen Gro\u00dfmuftis, eine Position, die zwischen Muhammad bin Ibr\u0101h\u012bm \u0100l asch-Schaichs Tod 1969 und Bin B\u0101z' Berufung 1992 nicht besetzt war.\n\nVon 1938 bis 1951 war er Q\u0101d\u012b in al-Chardsch, bis er im selben Jahr zum Lehrer am Riad Institut der Wissenschaft (D\u0101r al-R\u0101ya) berufen wurde. Um den Arabischen Nationalismus einzud\u00e4mmen, gr\u00fcndete K\u00f6nig Sa\u02bf\u016bd ibn \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz 1961 in Medina eine neue Universit\u00e4t, die Islamische Universit\u00e4t Medina. Muhammad bin Ibr\u0101h\u012bm \u0100l asch-Schaich wurde zum Pr\u00e4sidenten und Bin B\u0101z zum Vizepr\u00e4sidenten ernannt. Seine Position dort behielt er, bis er 1992 zum saudi-arabischen Gro\u00dfmufti, zum Vorsitzenden des Rates der H\u00f6chsten Religionsgelehrten (Hay\u02beat Kib\u0101r al-\u02bfUlam\u0101\u02be) und zum Pr\u00e4sidenten des St\u00e4ndigen Komitees f\u00fcr Rechtsfragen (Id\u0101rat al-Bu\u1e25\u016bth al-\u02bfIlmiyya wa-l-Ift\u0101\u02be) ernannt wurde. Diese Positionen wurden erst nach seinem Tod 1999 neu besetzt. W\u00e4hrend seiner Zeit als Gro\u00dfmufti hostete er ein Radioprogramm mit dem Titel \"Licht auf dem Pfad\" (N\u016br \u02bfal\u0101 d-darb), um neue Entwicklungen zu diskutieren und Fatwas zu erteilen. Letztere sind auf seiner arabischen Homepage transkribiert aufrufbar.\n\nPolitische Positionen \nDie US-amerikanische Islamwissenschaftlerin Natana J. DeLong-Bas schreibt in einem Eintrag in der Encyclopaedia of Islam, dass ibn Baz in den fr\u00fchen 1940er-Jahren sein \u201epolitisches Deb\u00fct feierte\u201c. In einer Fatwa folgerte er aus dem Betretungsverbot f\u00fcr Ungl\u00e4ubige (k\u0101fir) in Mekka und Medina, dass dies auf die gesamte Arabische Halbinsel auszuweiten sei. Lediglich solche, die Arbeiten aus\u00fcben, f\u00fcr die kein Muslim qualifiziert ist, d\u00fcrften tempor\u00e4r auf die Halbinsel. Ungl\u00e4ubige, die sich auf der Halbinsel aufhalten, m\u00fcssten deportiert werden. Mit dieser Ansicht griff Bin B\u0101z die Politik seines Landes an, was ihm seine erste Inhaftierung bescherte \u2013 Dauer und Ort sind unbekannt. Seine Argumentation hatte sich auf ein Had\u012bth gest\u00fctzt, in dem es hei\u00dft, dass Juden und Christen von der arabischen Halbinsel vertrieben werden sollten, bis nur noch Muslime dort leben. Andere Gelehrte wie Y\u016bsuf al-Qarad\u0101w\u012b dagegen interpretierten das Had\u012bth anders und beschr\u00e4nkten seine Wirksamkeit lediglich auf Mekka und Medina.\n\nNachdem K\u00f6nig \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz Sa\u02bf\u016bd Bin B\u0101z w\u00e4hrend eines Gespr\u00e4chs \u00fcberzeugen konnte, dass \u00f6ffentliche Kritik der Stabilit\u00e4t des islamischen Staates schade, wurde Bin B\u0101z freigelassen. In konservativen Kreisen war sein Name nun aber bekannt. \u00d6ffentlich blieb Bin B\u0101z zwar ein Kritiker der Modernisierungsgeschwindigkeit in Saudi-Arabien, allerdings formulierte er seine Kritik gem\u00e4\u00dfigter und versuchte zugleich die saudi-arabische Politik mit Fatwas zu legitimieren. So verurteilte er die Besetzung der Gro\u00dfen Moschee 1979, da diese Aktion Fitna hervorrufe. Allerdings wehrte Bin B\u0101z sich dagegen, die Angreifer als Apostaten zu deklarieren. Der franz\u00f6sische Islamwissenschaftler Gilles Kepel sieht den Grund in dieser Haltung darin, dass unter den Angreifern viele von Bin B\u0101z' Sch\u00fcler waren. DeLong-Bas nennt zudem seine Fatwa von 1990, in der er die Pr\u00e4senz US-amerikanischer Truppen in Saudi-Arabien im Zuge des Golfkriegs gegen Saddam Hussein guthei\u00dft, 1993 seine Unterst\u00fctzung des Oslo-Friedensprozesses, seine Zur\u00fcckweisung des Anschlags in Riad 1995 und seine Kritik an Us\u0101ma bin L\u0101din.\n\nBin B\u0101z' \u00f6ffentliche Unterst\u00fctzung im Friedensprozess zwischen Israel und Pal\u00e4stina kritisierte Us\u0101ma bin L\u0101din scharf. In einem offenen Brief beschuldigte bin L\u0101din Bin B\u0101z einen Frieden islamisch zu legitimieren, den \"feige arabische Politiker\" unterzeichnet h\u00e4tten. Die Unterzeichner seien zudem keine Muslime, sondern S\u00e4kularisten, die auch Bin B\u0101z schon in einer Fatwa als Ungl\u00e4ubige (kuff\u0101r) bezeichnet habe. Einen Frieden zwischen Muslimen und ihren Feinden k\u00f6nnen gem\u00e4\u00df der Scharia aber nur Muslime aushandeln, die durch Konsens dazu berufen wurden, so bin L\u0101din. Zudem h\u00e4tte Bin B\u0101z zu diesem Thema keine Fatwa ver\u00f6ffentlichen d\u00fcrfen, da er die Vertr\u00e4ge nicht durchgelesen habe und die Komplexit\u00e4t der Situation nicht verstanden habe. Deshalb solle Bin B\u0101z als Gro\u00dfmufti zur\u00fccktreten und sich zu dem Thema nicht mehr \u00e4u\u00dfern. Bin L\u0101dins offener Brief enth\u00e4lt neben diesen Anschuldigungen auch Botschaften von Safar al-Haw\u0101l\u012b, Salm\u0101n al-\u02bfAuda, \u02bfAbd All\u0101h ibn Dschibr\u012bn und zehn anderen Gelehrten, die Bin B\u0101z ebenfalls vor den Konsequenzen seiner Fatwa warnen.\n\nLehre \nBin B\u0101z Lehrmeinungen zeichneten sich durch eine buchstabengetreue Lesung von Koran und Had\u012bth aus. Die meisten seiner Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen behandeln Riten, vor allem das Gebet, Fasten und Pilgern. Kritiker bem\u00e4ngeln, dass Bin B\u0101z meistens an den sozialen Realit\u00e4ten vorbei geurteilt habe. Beispielsweise seine Forderungen nach dem Verbot von Zigaretten, Klatschen oder der Pr\u00e4senz von Frauen im \u00f6ffentlichen Raum. Da er in streng konservativen Kreisen aber noch immer einflussreich ist und viele wichtige Gelehrte in Saudi-Arabien seine Sch\u00fcler waren, folgt hier ein \u00dcberblick \u00fcber seine Positionen.\n\n1966 trat Bin B\u0101z f\u00fcr das geozentrisches Weltbild ein. Dies fand im Rahmen einer \u00f6ffentlichen Diskussion zwischen ihm und dem irakischen Gelehrten Muhammad Mahm\u016bd as-Saww\u0101f statt, die der Islamwissenschaftler Werner Ende in einem Artikel nachzeichnet. As-Saww\u0101f war der geistliche Anf\u00fchrer der irakischen Organisation Die islamische Bruderschaft (al-uchuwwa al-isl\u0101m\u012bya), der nachgesagt wurde, der irakische Arm der im Irak verbotenen Muslimbr\u00fcder zu sein. In Mekka unterrichtete as-Sauw\u0101f Arabisch und Scharia. Zwischen ihm und Bin B\u0101z entwickelte sich ein offener Schlagabtausch \u00fcber die Frage, inwiefern Erkenntnisse der modernen Astronomie eine Neuinterpretation koranischer Aussagen zu Erde, Sonne und anderen Gestirnen n\u00f6tig macht oder inwiefern der Koran auf diese neuen Erkenntnisse hinweist.\n\nDie Vorstellung, dass die Erde um die Sonne kreist, bezeichnete Bin B\u0101z als unvereinbar mit koranischen Aussagen, weshalb sie als Unglaube (kufr) zu gelten habe. Diese Haltung sorgte inner- und au\u00dferhalb Saudi-Arabiens f\u00fcr gro\u00dfes Aufsehen. Eine Vernichtung von Bin B\u0101z' Schriften infolge einer k\u00f6niglichen Anordnung durch K\u00f6nig Faisal ibn \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz \u0100l Sa\u02bf\u016bd konnte der Verbreitung nicht Einhalt gebieten.\n\nKaum ein islamischer Gelehrter hielt Bin B\u0101z den R\u00fccken frei. Die Anh\u00e4nger des von Muhammad \u02bfAbduh begr\u00fcndeten islamischen Modernismus, dessen Kerngedanke die Vereinbarkeit von Wissenschaft und Religion ist, stellten sich alle auf die Seite as-Sauw\u0101fs. Unter anderem der auch in Saudi-Arabien angesehene Ab\u016b l-A\u02bfl\u0101 Maud\u016bd\u012b schrieb as-Sauw\u0101f einen Brief, in dem er sich auf seine Seite stellte. Die internationale Rezeption dieser Diskussion und das damit negative Bild, das \u00fcber den Islam in die Welt getragen wurde, bewegte as-Sauw\u0101f, seine Argumente in einem Buch zu ver\u00f6ffentlichen. Eine Folge dieser Kontroverse war laut Ende, dass Bin B\u0101z \u201eals Wortf\u00fchrer jener starrsinnigen Alt-Wahhabiten gilt, bei denen man leicht den Eindruck gewinnt, sie wollten am liebsten die letzten Spuren des Modernismus in der Salafiya [sic!] tilgen\u201c.\n\nVon einer angeblichen Aussage, dass die Erde flach und nicht rund sei, distanzierte er sich. Zuvor gab es Ausz\u00fcge, die belegen sollten, dass dies seine Meinung gewesen sei.\n\nBin B\u0101z stand zudem gegen Positives Recht. Der Praxis seines Lehrers Muhammad ibn Ibr\u0101h\u012bm, der k\u00f6nigliche Dekrete absegnete, sofern sie eine klare Linie zwischen Gl\u00e4ubigen und Ungl\u00e4ubigen zogen, stand Bin B\u0101z entgegen. F\u00fcr ihn musste die Kondition der Rechtsprechung (\u0161ar\u1e6d al-isti\u1e25l\u0101l) gegeben sein. Die Bedeutung dieser Kondition ist laut dem Islamwissenschaftler St\u00e9phane Lacroix, dass die Einf\u00fchrung eines Gesetzes, das gegen Gottes Gesetze steht, einen gro\u00dfen Akt des Unglaubens (kufr akbar) darstellt. Als ein kuwaitisches Magazin Bin B\u0101z darauf ansprach, dass er sich mit dieser Meinung \u00fcber seinen Lehrer hinwegsetzt, antwortete dieser, dass sein Lehrer nur ein Gelehrter war und kein Prophet. Manchmal k\u00f6nne er also richtig liegen, manchmal falsch.\n\n1991 konnten Aktivisten der Sahwa-Bewegung Bin B\u0101z dazu \u00fcberzeugen, einen einseitigen \u201eBrief der Forderungen\u201c (\u1e2bi\u1e6d\u0101b al-ma\u1e6d\u0101lib) zu unterzeichnen. Darin forderten 400 Gelehrte den saudi-arabischen K\u00f6nig Fahd ibn \u02bfAbd al-Az\u012bz unter anderem auf, einen Konsultativrat einzurichten und s\u00e4mtliche Gesetze sowie au\u00dfenpolitische Allianzen auf ihre Konformit\u00e4t mit der Scharia abzugleichen. Nachdem Bin B\u0101z unterzeichnet hatte, lie\u00df sich auch Muhammad ibn al-\u02bfUthaim\u012bn dazu bewegen, seine Unterschrift unter das Dokument zu setzen. Die Namen von Bin B\u0101z und al-\u02bfUthaim\u012bn lie\u00dfen die Forderungen in der \u00d6ffentlichkeit als legitim erscheinen und verhinderten, dass der \u201eRat der gro\u00dfen Gelehrte\u201c (Hai\u02beat kib\u0101r al-\u02bfulam\u0101\u02be) das Dokument komplett verwerfen konnte. Die Dap ist des Briefes wurde dennoch in einer Fatwa verboten, da ein \u201eRat an den K\u00f6nig unter gewissen Umst\u00e4nden und auf gewissen Wegen erteilt werden sollte\u201c. Es war nichtsdestotrotz ein Sieg f\u00fcr die Sahwa-Bewegung. Eine Folge war, dass es 1992 erstmals zur Einberufung der Beratenden Versammlung kam.\n\nLiteratur \n Natana J. DeLong-Bas: Bin B\u0101z. In: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Kr\u00e4mer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson (Hrsg.): Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE. Brill Online, 2016.\n Werner Ende: Religion, Politik und Literatur in Saudi-Arabien. Der geistige Hintergrund der religi\u00f6sen und kulturpolitischen Situation. In: Orient. Deutsche Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Politik und Wirtschaft des Orients. Band 23. Nr. 3. 1982. Online aufrufbar\n Mamoun Fandy: Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent. Houndmills et al. 1999, MacMillan Press LTD.\n Dore Gold: Hatred's Kingdom \u2013 How Saudi Arabia Supports the New Global Terrorism. Washington, D.C., 2003, Regnery Publishing, Inc. Digitalisat\n Gilles Kepel: The War for Muslim Minds \u2013 Islam and the West. Cambridge, Massachusetts und London 2004, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.\n St\u00e9phane Lacroix: Awakening Islam \u2013 The Politics of Religious Dissent in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. Cambridge und London 2011, Harvard University Press.\n a\u0161-\u0160ai\u1e2b Mu\u1e25ammad bin M\u016bs\u0101 al-M\u016bs\u0101 (Erz\u00e4hlung) und Mu\u1e25ammad bin Ibr\u0101h\u012bm al-\u1e24amd (Ausarbeitung): \u01e6aw\u0101nib min s\u012brat al-Im\u0101m \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz bin B\u0101z. Riad 2002, D\u0101r ibn \u1e2auzaima. Online aufrufbar\n Nabil Mouline: The Clerics of Islam \u2013 Religious Authority and Political Power in Saudi Arabia. New Haven & London 2014, Yale University Press. Digitalisat\n Unbekannt: Der Einfluss des Sheikh \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz ibn B\u0101z auf die saudische und internationale Pr\u00e4gung des Wahhabismus. Heimerzheim 2018, Akademie f\u00fcr Verfassungsschutz. Online aufrufbar\n Mark Watson: Prophets and princes. Saudi Arabia from Muhammad to the present. New Jersey 2008, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.\n\nSch\u00fcler \n Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Qahtani (1935\u20131980), saudischer Prediger und Salafist; Mahdi der Besetzer der Gro\u00dfen Moschee in Mekka\n Dschuhaim\u0101n al-\u02bfUtaib\u012b (1936\u20131980), Anf\u00fchrer der Besetzung der Gro\u00dfen Moschee 1979\n\nWeblinks \n Homepage von ibn Baz (arabisch)\n Abdul-Aziz ibn Baz, Muhammad ibn Salih al-Uthaimin und Muhammad Salih al-Munajjid: Das Buch des Fastens. Hrsg. von Usama Ayoub.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nPolitiker (Saudi-Arabien)\nIslamischer Rechtsgelehrter (20. Jahrhundert)\nMufti\nPerson (Riad)\nSaudi-Araber\nGeboren 1910\nGestorben 1999\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Abd al-Aziz ibn Baz", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd%20al-Aziz%20ibn%20Baz", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041f\u0456\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0447\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0449\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 (Thinornis novaeseelandiae)\u00a0\u2014 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u0441\u0438\u0432\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 (Charadriidae).\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\u0415\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u043a \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0417\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0456\u0457. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0417\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0456\u0457, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0439\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0445\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0449\u0443\u0440\u0456\u0432. \u0412\u0456\u043d \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0420\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0427\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c. \u0423 1999 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0433\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0437 21 \u043f\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u0456\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0438\u0444\u0456. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0443 2003 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0456\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430. \u0423 2001\u20142003 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0435. \u0423 1998 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434 (\u0449\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456 \u041f\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438), \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456 4-7 \u043f\u0430\u0440.\n\n\u0427\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \n\u0423 2015/16 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 65-70 \u0433\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440, \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0456\u043b\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 2016 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e 175 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043d. \u0411\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e 70\u00a0% \u0433\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0420\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0430. \u0426\u0435 \u0454\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0456\u043c \u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0456. \u0427\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n BirdLife Species Factsheet.\n \n Shore plover discussed on RadioNZ Critter of the Week, 29 April 2016\n New Zealand Shore Plover, New Zealand Birds Online\n\n\u0421\u0438\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456\n\u041f\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0438, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0456 1789\n\u0415\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0438 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0417\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0456\u0457", "meta": {"title": "\u041f\u0456\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0447\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0449\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%20%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Trimethyltryptamine may refer to:\n\n \u03b1,N,N-Trimethyltryptamine\n 2,N,N-Trimethyltryptamine\n 5,N,N-Trimethyltryptamine\n 7,N,N-Trimethyltryptamine", "meta": {"title": "Trimethyltryptamine", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimethyltryptamine", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Asteia inanis \u00e4r en tv\u00e5vingeart som beskrevs av Lyneborg 1969. Asteia inanis ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Asteia och familjen smalvingeflugor. \n\nArtens utbredningsomr\u00e5de \u00e4r Spanien. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nSmalvingeflugor\ninanis", "meta": {"title": "Asteia inanis", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteia%20inanis", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Royal Marines recruit training is the longest basic modern infantry training programme of any Commonwealth, or North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) combat troops. The Royal Marines are the only part of the British Armed Forces where officers and other ranks are trained at the same location, the Commando Training Centre Royal Marines (CTCRM) at Lympstone, Devon.  Much of the basic training is carried out on the rugged terrain of Dartmoor and Woodbury Common with a significant proportion taking place at night.\n\nSelection\n\nAll potential recruits take a psychometric test and are interviewed at the Armed Forces Careers Office (AFCO) to assess their suitability. A series of physical assessments are conducted including a sight test and medical examination. Then the Pre Joining Fitness Test: two 1.5-mile runs (2.4\u00a0km) on a treadmill, the first to be completed within 12 minutes 30 seconds, the second within 10 minutes and 30 seconds, with 1 minute of rest in between.\n\nRoyal Marines recruits must be aged 16 to 32 (they must be in Recruit Training before their 33rd birthday). Due to the July 2016 lifting on the ban on women in Ground Close Combat roles, females are now permitted to join all British military infantry units, including the Royal Marines Commandos.\n\nThe final selection assessment for potential recruits is either the Potential Royal Marine Course (PRMC) for ratings candidates, or the Potential Officer Course (POC) and Admiralty Interview Board for officer candidates. PRMC and POC last three days and assess physical ability and intellectual capacity to undertake the recruit training. Potential Officers must be aged 18 to 25.\n\nTraining\n\nBasic training\nThe first weeks of training are spent learning basic skills that will be used later. This includes much time spent on the parade ground and on the rifle ranges. The long history of the Royal Marines is also highlighted through a visit to the Royal Marines Museum in Southsea, Hampshire.\n\nPhysical training at this stage emphasizes all-round physical strength, endurance and flexibility in order to develop the muscles necessary to carry the heavy equipment a marine will use in an operational unit.  Key milestones include a gym passout at week 9 (not carried out with fighting order), a battle swimming test, and learning to do a \"regain\" (i.e. climb back onto a rope suspended over a water tank). Most of these tests are completed wearing fighting order of 31\u00a0lb (14\u00a0kg) of Personal Load Carrying Equipment. Individual fieldcraft skills are also taught at this basic stage.\n\nYoung officer (YO) training begins with Phase 1 which teaches the officers how to be Royal Marines.\n\nTraining modules\n\nFoundation \u2013 3 weeks\n\nIndividual Skills \u2013 7 weeks\n\nAdvanced Skills \u2013 5 weeks\n\nOperations Of War \u2013 10 weeks\n\nCommando Phase \u2013 6 weeks\n\nKings Squad \u2013 1 week\n\nYO Training Modules\n\nPhase 1: Initial Training\n\nThis 16-week training course will introduce the YO's to the core skills they need to be a Royal Marine, and assess their abilities in an intensive and progressive environment.\n\nPhase 2: Tactics and Doctrine Training\n\nFor the next 12 weeks the training will switch focus to Section and Troop level tactical development. Using what the YO's have already learnt, they will spend time preparing, delivering and receiving orders. This phase will incorporate a mixture of academic study and advanced physical training.\n\nPhase 3 \u2013 Defensive, Fibua, Special to Arms, and Commando Course Phase\n\nThis six-week phase will hone the YO's defensive skills, teaching  the principles of transitional operations, and introduce the YO's to the tactics of Fighting In Built Up Areas (FIBUA).\n\nPhase 4 \u2013 Advanced Military Management Training\n\nThis phase is designed to broaden the YO's experience and military knowledge. They will complete a two-week range qualification course, before further academic study at BRNC Dartmouth. Additional exercises will take place during a deployment to the United States.\n\nPhase 5 \u2013 Unit Management, Exercise Planning and Final Exercise.\n\nThis phase will provide the YO's with the essential ability to administrate and manage their men. Topics that they will cover, include:\n\nMilitary law\n\nReport writing\n\nUnit documentation\n\nStrategic studies\n\nA planning exercise in Normandy\n\nTraining exercises\n\nThroughout basic training, recruits must undergo many exercises testing what they have learnt up to that point.\n\n Early Knight \u2013 week 2\n First Step \u2013 week 4\n Quick Cover \u2013 week 5\n Marshal Star \u2013 week 7\n Hunters Moon \u2013 week 10\n Baptist Walk \u2013 week 13\n Baptist Run \u2013 week 14\n First Base \u2013 week 16\n Second Empire \u2013 week 18\n Holdfast \u2013 week 20\n Urban Warrior \u2013 week 21\n Violent Entry \u2013 week 22\n Field Firing exercise \u2013 weeks 26 & 27\n Final exercise \u2013 weeks 29 & 30\n Commando tests \u2013 week 31\n\nYO Training exercises\n\nThroughout YO training, Young Officers must undergo many exercises testing what they have learnt up to that point.\n\nPhase 1\n First Stop \u2013 This is designed to introduce them to life in the field, teaching them how to look after themselves and navigate by day and night\n Tenderfoot \u2013 Here they will put the skills they have developed into practice, progressing to basic fieldcraft\n Lost Tribe \u2013 This is a day and night navigation exercise on Dartmoor. They'll need to be able to cope with unfamiliar terrain and remain calm under pressure\n Eye Opener \u2013 Another navigation exercise, this will also test their day and night navigation skills. It takes place over a longer period of time, so they will need stamina to be successful\n Quickdraw I \u2013 This is a firing range exercise, which is designed to bring their marksmanship skills up to standard. At the end of the exercise, they will take the Annual Combat Marksmanship Test (ACMT)\n Softly Softly \u2013 Here they will be introduced to low-level soldiering skills and basic operating procedures, at the same time as developing an understanding of the Estimate and Orders process\n\nPhase 2\n Quickdraw II \u2013 They will make the transition from the firing range to live field firing, starting with Close Quarter Battle (CQB), before progressing to team firing and manoeuvres\n Long Night \u2013 Over the course of a week they will develop your tactical knowledge, and the ability to take the lead in different scenarios\n Eagle Eye \u2013 they will be taught to establish and run surface and sub-surface observation points\n Jagged Edge \u2013 This will teach them all about Troop level battle procedures and offensive operations\n Dragon Storm \u2013 Drawing on everything they've learned about offensive operations, they will complete a test exercise\n Quickdraw III \u2013 Tactical live firing training\n\nPhase 3\n Open Door \u2013 This exercise will focus on conducting FIBUA operations up to Troop level\n Special To Arms Week \u2013 Here they will have an introduction to the specialist weapons and equipment that they'll use throughout their career\n Endurance Course \u2013 they will need to complete this in less than 71 minutes\n A 9-mile Speed March \u2013 they will need to complete this uphill route in less than 90 minutes\n Tarzan Assault Course \u2013 This ropes and ladders course will need to be completed in less than 12 minutes\n The 30 Miler \u2013 they will have 7 hours to complete this cross-terrain challenge, unlike recruits they must navigate it themselves\n\nPhase 4\n Stone Post \u2013 they will conduct a number of visits that focus on the Army's land capabilities. This will broaden their Service knowledge\n Special To Arms Week \u2013 Here they will have an introduction to the specialist weapons and equipment that they'll use throughout their career\n Deep Blue \u2013 Similar to Stone Post, this exercise will provide them with an insight into the capabilities of the Royal Navy\n Virginia Tempest \u2013 This is a three-week deployment to the US, where they will forge closer links with the United States Marine Corps, and complete a number field exercises\n\nPhase 5\nFinal Exercise consists of:\n Wet Raider \u2013 Taking place on the West Coast of Scotland, this is where their amphibious training will conclude\n Counter Insurgency \u2013 This is one of the most realistic experiences in training, replicating a full-scale riot\n Final Nail \u2013 they will be integrated with trained marines and use VIKING vehicles\n Otter's Run \u2013 Use of a series of hypothetical scenarios to hone their decision-making skills\n\nThe Commando course\nThe culmination of training is the Commando course. Following the Royal Marines taking on responsibility for the Commando role with the disbandment of the Army Commandos at the end of World War II, all Royal Marines, except those in the Royal Marines Band Service, complete the Commando course as part of their training (see below). Key aspects of the course include climbing and ropework techniques, patrolling and amphibious warfare operations.\n\nThis intense phase ends with a series of tests which have remained virtually unchanged since World War II. Again, these tests are done in full fighting order of 32\u00a0lb (14.5\u00a0kg) of equipment.\n\nThe Commando tests are taken on consecutive days and all four tests must be successfully completed within a seven-day period; they include;\n\nA nine mile (14.5\u00a0km) speed march, carrying full fighting order, to be completed in 90 minutes; the pace is thus 10 minutes per mile (9.6\u00a0km/h or 6\u00a0mph).\nThe Endurance course is a six-mile (9.65\u00a0km) course which begins with a two-mile (3.22\u00a0km) run across rough moorland and woodland terrain at Woodbury Common near Lympstone, which includes tunnels, pipes, wading pools, and an underwater culvert. The course ends with a four-mile (6\u00a0km) run back to CTCRM. Followed by a marksmanship test, where the recruit must hit 6 out of 10 shots at a 25m target simulating 200 m. To be completed in 73 minutes (71 minutes for Royal Marine officers). Originally 72 minutes, these times were recently increased by one minute as the route of the course was altered.\nThe Tarzan Assault Course. This is an assault course combined with an aerial confidence test. It starts with a death slide (now known as the Commando Slide) and ends with a rope climb up a thirty-foot near-vertical wall. It must be completed with full fighting order in 13 minutes, 12 minutes for officers. The Potential Officers Course also includes confidence tests from the Tarzan Assault Course, although not with equipment.\nThe 30 miler. This is a 30-mile (48-km) march across upland Dartmoor, wearing full fighting order, and additional safety equipment carried by the recruit in a daysack. It must be completed in eight hours for recruits and seven hours for Royal Marine officers, who must also navigate the route themselves, rather than following a DS (a trained Royal Marine) with the rest of a syndicate and carry their own equipment.\n\nAfter the  march, any who failed any of the tests may attempt to retake them up until the seven-day window expires. If a recruit fails two or more of the tests, however, it is unlikely that a chance to re-attempt them will be offered.\n\nNormally the seven- to eight-day schedule for the Commando Tests is as follows:\nSaturday \u2013 Endurance Course\nSunday \u2013 Rest\nMonday \u2013 Nine Mile Speed March\nTuesday \u2013 Tarzan Assault Course\nWednesday \u2013 30 Miler\nThursday \u2013 Failed test re-runs\nFriday \u2013 Failed test re-runs\nSaturday \u2013 30 Miler re-run if required\n\nCompleting the Commando course successfully entitles the recruit or officer to wear the green beret but does not mean that the Royal Marine has finished his training. That decision will be made by the troop or batch training team and will depend on the recruit's or young officer's overall performance. Furthermore, officer training consists of many more months.  Training to be a Royal Marine takes 32 weeks. The last week is spent mainly on administration and preparing for the pass out parade. Recruits in their final week of training are known as the King's Squad and have their own section of the recruits' galley at Lympstone.  After basic and commando training, a Royal Marine Commando will normally join a unit of 3 Commando Brigade. There are four Royal Marines Commando infantry units in the Brigade: 40 Commando located at Norton Manor Camp near Taunton in Somerset; 42 Commando at Bickleigh Barracks, near Plymouth, Devon; 43 Commando FPGRM at HMNB Clyde near Glasgow; and 45 Commando at RM Condor, Arbroath on the coast of Angus.\n\nNon-Royal Marine volunteers for Commando training undertake the All Arms Commando Course.  There is also a Reserve Commando Course run for members of the Royal Marines Reserve and Commando units of the Army Reserve.\n\nYO Exams/Qualifications\n Map reading exam\n Signals exam\n Military Law exam\n Operations other than war exam\n Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Defence exam\n Strategic studies exam\n Part 1, Part 2 and end of course final exams\n The Commando tests\n Infantry range supervisor's qualification\n Helicopter Underwater Escape Training\n One-day Sea Survival Course\n Information Technology Level 2\n Defence Instructional Technique\n\nSpecialist training\n\nUpon completion of training, Royal Marine recruits spend a period of time as a General Duties Rifleman. They are assigned to one of the three Commando battalions or a Fleet Standby Rifle Troop on board a Royal Navy ship for up to two years before being sent for specialist training.\n\nCommandos may then go on to undertake specialist training in a variety of skills:\n\nRecruit Specialisations\nAircrewman\nAssault Engineer\nArmoured Support Group (Viking)\nArmourer\nClerk\nCombat Intelligence\nCommunications Technician\nDrill Instructor\nDriver\nHeavy Weapons \u2013 Air Defence\nHeavy Weapons \u2013 Anti-Tank\nHeavy Weapons \u2013 Mortars\nInformation Systems\nLanding Craft Coxswain\nMedical Assistant\nMetalsmith\nMilitary Police\nMountain Leader\nPlatoon Weapons Instructor\nPhysical Training Instructor (PTI)\nReconnaissance Operator\nSignaller\nSpecial Forces Communicator\nSwimmer Canoeist\nStores Accountant\nTelecommunications Technician (Tels Tech)\nVehicle Mechanic (VM)\nYeoman of Signals\n\nOfficer specialisations (recently decreased from 7 to 3)\nLanding Craft Officer\nMountain Leader\nSignals Officer\n\nTraining for these specialisations may be undertaken at CTCRM or in a tri-service training centre such as the Defence School of Transport at Leconfield, the Defence School of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering (DSEME) at MOD Lyneham, Wiltshire, Defence Helicopter Flying School (pilots/aircrew) or the Defence School of Policing and Guarding.\n\nSome marines are trained in military parachuting to allow flexibility of insertion methods for all force elements. Marines complete this training at RAF Brize Norton but are not required to undergo Pre-Parachute Selection Course (P-Company) training due to the arduous nature of the commando course they have already completed.\n\nSee also\n Royal Marines\n P company\n Special Boat Service#Recruitment, selection and training\n\nReferences\n\nSelection\nRoyal Marines training\nMilitary selection in the United Kingdom", "meta": {"title": "Royal Marines selection and training", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Marines%20selection%20and%20training", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Carlos Weber, n\u00e9 le  \u00e0 Buenos Aires, est un joueur de volley-ball argentin.\n\nCarri\u00e8re \nCarlos Weber participe aux Jeux olympiques de 1988 \u00e0 S\u00e9oul et remporte la m\u00e9daille de bronze avec l'\u00e9quipe argentine compos\u00e9e de Daniel Castellani, Esteban Martinez, Alejandro Diz, Daniel Colla, Claudio Zulianello, Hugo Conte, Waldo Kantor, Raul Quiroga, Jon Uriarte, Esteban de Palma et Juan Cuminetti.\n\nPalmar\u00e8s\n\nJoueur\n\nEn s\u00e9lection \n Jeux panam\u00e9ricains:\n Vainqueur: 1995\n\n Championnat d'Am\u00e9rique du Sud:\n Vainqueur: 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1999.\n\nEn club \n  Championnat du Br\u00e9sil:\n Vice-champion: 1998, 1999.\n\nEntra\u00eeneur\n\nEn s\u00e9lection \n\n Championnat d'Am\u00e9rique du Sud:\n Finaliste: 2011, 2013.\n\nEn club \n\n Championnat sud-am\u00e9ricain des clubs:\n Vainqueur: 2010.\n Finaliste: 2017.\n\n Coupe ACLAV:\n Vainqueur: 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2014.\n\n  Championnat du Br\u00e9sil:\n Champion: 2004, 2021.\n Vice-champion: 2003.\n\n  Championnat de Gr\u00e8ce:\n Champion: 2006.\n\n  Championnat d'Argentine:\n Champion: 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2017, 2019.\n Vice-champion: 2011, 2015, 2016, 2018.\n\n  Supercoupe du Br\u00e9sil:\n Vainqueur: 2020.\n\n  Supercoupe de Pologne:\n Vainqueur: 2012, 2015.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n \n\nJoueur argentin de volley-ball\nJoueur de volley-ball aux Jeux olympiques d'\u00e9t\u00e9 de 1988\nNaissance en janvier 1966\nNaissance \u00e0 Buenos Aires\nM\u00e9daill\u00e9 de bronze olympique argentin\nJoueur de volley-ball aux Jeux olympiques d'\u00e9t\u00e9 de 1996\nJoueur de volley-ball aux Jeux olympiques d'\u00e9t\u00e9 de 2000\nEntra\u00eeneur de volley-ball", "meta": {"title": "Carlos Weber", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20Weber", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El Premio Tiflos de Poes\u00eda est\u00e1 organizado por la ONCE. Fue creado en 1986. \n\nConvocado por la Organizaci\u00f3n Nacional de Ciegos (ONCE), el Premio Tiflos de Poes\u00eda fomenta y distingue la creaci\u00f3n literaria en lengua castellana. Iniciados en 1986, desde la segunda edici\u00f3n el galard\u00f3n se concede a un volumen de poemas de tem\u00e1tica libre. \n\nA lo largo de sus m\u00e1s de treinta a\u00f1os de existencia, el Premio Tiflos de Poes\u00eda se ha convertido en uno de los cert\u00e1menes po\u00e9ticos m\u00e1s prestigiosos del panorama literario. Actualmente, la editorial Castalia Ediciones publica el libro ganador. La publicaci\u00f3n se realiza al a\u00f1o siguiente del a\u00f1o de la convocatoria. En la \u00faltima, XXXII edici\u00f3n, concurrieron 325 ejemplares.\n\nLos Premios Tiflos \nEl Premio Tiflos de Poes\u00eda es el decano de las distintas modalidades de los Premios Tiflos (poes\u00eda, cuento, novela y periodismo) que, anualmente, convoca la ONCE. Las tres modalidades literarias (poes\u00eda, cuento y novela) son publicadas por la editorial Castalia Ediciones. Asimismo, con la finalidad de promocionar la creaci\u00f3n literaria entre las personas con ceguera o deficiencia visual grave, en las tres modalidades literarias se concede un premio especial a los escritores con discapacidad visual grave acreditada.\n\nGanadores \n\n I (1986) Graciela Ar\u00e1oz\n II (1987) Antonio Hern\u00e1ndez Ram\u00edrez, \u201cCampo lunario\u201d\n III (1988) Fernando Qui\u00f1ones, \u201cLas cr\u00f3nicas de Castilla\u201d\n IV (1989) Miguel Fern\u00e1ndez (poeta), \u201cSecreto secret\u00edsimo\u201d\n V (1990) Rafael Alfaro, \u201cPoemas para una exposici\u00f3n\u201d\n VI (1991) Mar\u00eda Sanz, \u201cDesde noviembre\u201d\n VII (1992) Manuel Jurado L\u00f3pez, \u201cPoemas de Ginebra\u201d\n VIII (1993) Joaqu\u00edn M\u00e1rquez, \u201cClave de espumas\u201d\n IX (1994) Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Mu\u00f1oz Quir\u00f3s, \u201cEl sue\u00f1o del guerrero\u201d\n X (1995) Carmelo Guill\u00e9n Acosta, \u201cHumanidades\u201d\n XI (1996) Arcadio L\u00f3pez-Casanova, \u201cAsedio de sombra\u201d\n XII (1997) Joaqu\u00edn Benito de Lucas, \u201c\u00c1lbum de familia\u201d\n XIII (1999) Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n Ripoll, \u201cNiebla y conf\u00edn\u201d\n XIV (2000) Francisco Garc\u00eda Marquina, \u201cEl r\u00edo\u201d\n XV (2001) Jos\u00e9 Mas, \u201cPen\u00ednsula del olvido\u201d\n XVI (2002) Juan Van-Halen, \u201cDe carne o de cristal\u201d\n XVII (2003) Manolo Romero (poeta), \u201cM\u00fasica de sombras\u201d\n XVIII (2004) Pedro A. Gonz\u00e1lez Moreno, \u201cCalendario de sombras\u201d\n XIX (2005) Fernando Lanzas, \u201cSal\u00f3n de Baile\u201d\n XX (2006) Carlos Eugenio L\u00f3pez, \u201cTeoremas\u201d\n XXI (2007) Basilio S\u00e1nchez, \u201cLas estaciones lentas\u201d\n XXII (2008) Jaime Siles, \u201cDesnudos y acuarelas\u201d\n XXIII (2009) Premio declarado desierto\n XXIV (2010) Almudena Guzm\u00e1n, \u201cZonas comunes\u201d\n XXV (2011) Jos\u00e9 Luis Rey, \u201cLas visiones\u201d\n XXVI (2012) Antonio Praena, \u201cYo he querido ser gr\u00faa muchas veces\u201d\n XXVII (2013) Nilton Santiago, \u201cEl equipaje del \u00e1ngel\u201d\n XXVIII (2014) Diego Doncel, \u201cEl fin del mundo en las televisiones\u201d\n XXIX (2015) Gilda Guimeras Pareja, \u201cQuien llega a los andenes\u201d\n XXX (2016) Luis Bagu\u00e9 Qu\u00edlez, \u201cClima mediterr\u00e1neo\u201d\n XXXI (2017) Felipe Ben\u00edtez Reyes, \u201cYa la sombra\u201d\n XXXII (2018) Toni Quero, \u201cEl cielo y la nada\u201d\n XXXIII (2019) Javier Velaza Fr\u00edas, \u201cDe mudanzas\u201d\n XXXIV (2020)  Fadir Delgado, \"La Temperatura exacta del miedo\"\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\n Bases del Premio Tiflos\n Castalia Ediciones\n\nTiflos\nTiflos\nOrganizaci\u00f3n Nacional de Ciegos Espa\u00f1oles\nTiflos", "meta": {"title": "Premio Tiflos de Poes\u00eda", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio%20Tiflos%20de%20Poes%C3%ADa", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Piotru\u015b Kr\u00f3lik (ang. Peter Rabbit, 2012-2016) \u2013 ameryka\u0144sko-brytyjski serial animowany, powsta\u0142y na podstawie serii ksi\u0105\u017cek dla dzieci autorstwa Beatrix Potter pod tym samym tytu\u0142em. Wyprodukowany przez Penguin Books, Brown Bag Films, Silvergate Films i Nickelodeon Animation Studios. Serial wykonany technik\u0105 tr\u00f3jwymiarow\u0105 CGI.\n\nPremiera serialu mia\u0142a miejsce 14 grudnia 2012 roku na ameryka\u0144skim kanale Nickelodeon (regularna emisja od 19 lutego 2013).\n\nOpis fabu\u0142y \nAkcja serialu rozgrywa si\u0119 w angielskim Lake District w p\u00f3\u0142nocnej Anglii. Opowiada o perypetiach kr\u00f3lika Piotrusia, kt\u00f3ry jest bardzo ciekawy otaczaj\u0105cego go \u015bwiata, zadaje mn\u00f3stwo pyta\u0144 i chce wszystko zrozumie\u0107. Razem ze swoimi przyjaci\u00f3\u0142mi, kuzynem Benjaminem i Lily prze\u017cywa przygody.\n\nWersja polska \nWersja polska: Master Film\nRe\u017cyseria:\n El\u017cbieta Miku\u015b (odc. 1-4a, 5, 7, 10-11a, 12-13, 16b, 17b, 19-29),\n Agata Gawro\u0144ska-Bauman (odc. 4b, 6, 8-9, 11b, 15-16a, 17a, 18)\nDialogi:\n Karolina Anna Kowalska (odc. 2-3a, 4b, 6, 8b, 10, 11b, 12b, 13b, 15-17, 20, 24b, 26b-27a, 28a),\n Magdalena Dwojak (odc. 1, 3b-4a, 5, 7-8a, 9, 11a, 12a, 13a, 18-19, 21-24a, 25-26a, 27b, 28b-29)\nD\u017awi\u0119k:\n El\u017cbieta Miku\u015b (odc. 1-4a, 5, 7, 10-11a, 12-13, 16b, 17b, 19-29),\n Mateusz Michniewicz (odc. 4b, 6, 8-9, 11b, 15-16a, 17a, 18)\nMonta\u017c:\n Jan Grabo\u015b (odc. 1-4a, 5, 7, 10-11a, 12-13, 16b, 17b, 19-29),\n Pawe\u0142 Siwiec (odc. 4b, 6, 8-9, 11b, 15-16a, 17a, 18)\nKierownictwo produkcji: Romuald Cie\u015blak\nTeksty piosenek: Andrzej Brzeski\nOpracowanie muzyczne: Piotr Gogol\nWyst\u0105pili:\n Marcel Groblewski \u2013 Piotru\u015b\n Bernard Lewandowski \u2013 Beniamin\n Maja Kwiatkowska \u2013 Lila\nW pozosta\u0142ych rolach:\n Joanna W\u0119grzynowska \u2013 Tekla Ka\u0142u\u017cy\u0144ska\n S\u0142awomir Pacek \u2013\n farmer McGregor,\n Samuel Baczko (odc. 7, 13b, 22a, 23ab, 24b)\n Jakub Szyd\u0142owski \u2013 pan Rudzielec\n Andrzej Ferenc \u2013 Jeremi Rybak\n Izabela D\u0105browska\n Waldemar Barwi\u0144ski \u2013 Orzeszko\n Mi\u0142ogost Reczek \u2013 Tadek Borsuk\n Andrzej Chudy \u2013 sowa Bruno\n Beata Wyr\u0105bkiewicz \u2013 K\u0142apcia\n Julia Ko\u0142akowska-Bytner \u2013 Ciapcia (odc. 5a)\n Joanna Pach-\u017bbikowska \u2013 Ciapcia (odc. 1, 8a, 10a, 17b, 21a, 21b, 25b)\n Agata Gawro\u0144ska-Bauman \u2013 mama Lili\n Miros\u0142aw Guzowski \u2013 tata Lili\n Piotr B\u0105k \u2013 tata Beniamina\n Jacek Kr\u00f3l \u2013 P\u0142etwus\n Jaros\u0142aw Domin \u2013 ryj\u00f3wka Rico\n Artur Pontek \u2013 Albert Myszatek (odc. 18a)\n Ma\u0142gorzata Szyma\u0144ska \u2013 Luiza Myszatek (odc. 18a)\n Agnieszka Mrozi\u0144ska-Jaszczuk \u2013 Stasio Myszatek (odc. 18a)\ni inni\n\n\u015apiewa\u0142: Micha\u0142 Ruda\u015b\n\nLektor: Pawe\u0142 Bukrewicz\n\nSpis odcink\u00f3w\n\nPrzypisy\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n\nAmeryka\u0144skie telewizyjne seriale animowane\nBrytyjskie telewizyjne seriale animowane\nFilmy o kr\u00f3likach i zaj\u0105cach\nSeriale telewizyjne emitowane od 2012\nSeriale telewizyjne zako\u0144czone w 2016\nSeriale animowane zrealizowane w koprodukcji", "meta": {"title": "Piotru\u015b Kr\u00f3lik (serial animowany)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotru%C5%9B%20Kr%C3%B3lik%20%28serial%20animowany%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Superpuchar Serbii w pi\u0142ce siatkowej m\u0119\u017cczyzn 2021 \u2013 jedenasta edycja rozgrywek o Superpuchar Serbii zorganizowana przez Serbski Zwi\u0105zek Pi\u0142ki Siatkowej (Odbojka\u0161ki savez Srbije, OSSRB). Mecz rozegrany zosta\u0142 5 pa\u017adziernika 2021 roku w hali sportowej w Kraljevie. Wzi\u0119\u0142y w nim udzia\u0142 dwa kluby: mistrz Serbii w sezonie 2020/2021 \u2013  oraz zdobywca Pucharu Serbii w tym sezonie \u2013 .\n\nPo raz czwarty zdobywc\u0105 Superpucharu Serbii zosta\u0142 klub .\n\nDru\u017cyny uczestnicz\u0105ce\n\nMecz\n\nUstawienie wyj\u015bciowe dru\u017cyn\n\nBibliografia \n \n \n\nSuperpuchar Serbii w pi\u0142ce siatkowej m\u0119\u017cczyzn\n2021 w pi\u0142ce siatkowej\n2021 w Serbii", "meta": {"title": "Superpuchar Serbii w pi\u0142ce siatkowej m\u0119\u017cczyzn (2021)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superpuchar%20Serbii%20w%20pi%C5%82ce%20siatkowej%20m%C4%99%C5%BCczyzn%20%282021%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nCarriera\n\nClub\nMuove i primi passi a livello di club col , mentre in ambito scolastico gioca per la . \n\nDopo il diploma, entra a far parte del programma della , in NCAA Division I, giocandovi dal 2013 al 2014 e ricevendo il premio di National Freshman of the Year. Si trasferisce quindi alla  nel 2015, ma dopo un solo incontro \u00e8 costretta a saltare l'intera annata per infortunio; nei seguenti due anni con le Longhorns raggiunge una finale nazionale e raccoglie qualche altro riconoscimento individuale.\n\nNella stagione 2018-19 firma il suo primo contratto professionistico nella Voleybol 1. Ligi, turca, dove difende i colori del . Nella stagione seguente approda invece in Italia, dove partecipa alla Serie A2 con la . Nel 2021 torna a giocare in patria, prendendo parte alla prima edizione dell'.\n\nNazionale\nNel 2014 riceve la prima e sola convocazione in nazionale, prendendo parte al Montreux Volley Masters, dove conquista la medaglia d'argento.\n\nPalmar\u00e8s\n\nClub\n\nNazionale (competizioni minori)\n  Montreux Volley Masters 2014\n\nPremi individuali\n 2013 - National Freshman of the Year\n 2013 - NCAA Division I: Los Angeles Regional All-Tournament Team\n 2013 - All-America First Team\n 2016 - All-America First Team\n 2016 - NCAA Division I Austin Regional MVP\n 2016 - NCAA Division I Columbus National All-Tournament Team\n\nNote\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Ebony Nwanebu", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebony%20Nwanebu", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "NGC 925 es una galaxia espiral barrada de tipo SAB(s)d que se encuentra en la constelaci\u00f3n de Triangulum, 2\u00ba al este de \u03b3 Trianguli. De magnitud aparente 9,9, su brillo superficial es s\u00f3lo de 14,2 mag/arcsec2, por lo que para apreciarla es necesario utilizar telescopios bastante grandes. Su distancia es bien conocida gracias al hallazgo de variables cefeidas en ella con ayuda del Telescopio Espacial Hubble. \n\nEstudios de su estructura y formaci\u00f3n estelar muestran diversas asimetr\u00edas en ella (por ejemplo, tener un brazo bien desarrollado en su parte norte y brazos fragmentarios en su parte sur) y la presencia de formaci\u00f3n estelar incluso m\u00e1s all\u00e1 del disco visible, caracter\u00edsticas m\u00e1s propias de galaxias irregulares que de galaxias espirales, pens\u00e1ndose que ha podido tener una interacci\u00f3n con otra galaxia en el pasado.\n\nNGC 925 es miembro del Grupo de NGC 1023. Fue descubierta por William Herschel en 1784.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n\n Lista de galaxias\n Lista de objetos NGC\n\nEnlaces externos \n Cat\u00e1logo SEDS\n \n Structure and Star Formation in NGC 925\n The H I Distribution and Dynamics in Two Late-Type Barred Spiral Galaxies: NGC 925 and NGC 1744\n The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale. VI. The Cepheids in NGC 925\n\n0925\nGalaxias espirales barradas\nConstelaci\u00f3n de Triangulum", "meta": {"title": "NGC 925", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%20925", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Spil for mig! (eng: Make Mine Music) er en animationsfilm fra 1946 produceret af Walt Disney og er den den 8. film i r\u00e6kken af Disneys klassikere. Filmen er bygget op af 10 segmenter med hver sin historie og fort\u00e6lling.\n\nSegmenter\n\nThe Martins and the Coys \nDette segment indeholder den dengang popul\u00e6r radio-vokalgruppe The Kings Men, som synger historien om Hatfields og McCoys indbyrdes kampe. Bjergene bliver brudt op, da to unge fra hver side bliver forelskede; de er de eneste overlevende fra hver sin side. Dette segment blev senere sk\u00e5ret fra filmens videoudgivelse p\u00e5 grund af tegneserien skyderi.\n\nBlue Bayou \nDette segment indeholder en animation, som oprindeligt var tilt\u00e6nkt Fantasia, hvor Claude Debussys komposition Clair de Lune skulle akkompagner. Men ved den tid Make Mine Music blev udgivet, blev Clair de Lune erstattet af den nye sang Blue Bayou sunget af Ken Darby Singers. Den oprindelige version af dette segment eksistere dog stadig.\n\nAll the Cats Join In \nDette segment var et af to segmenter som Benny Goodman bidrog til. Scenen er innovativ idet at en blyant optegner handlingen, som den forl\u00f8ber og dermed fungere det hele p\u00e5 et metaplan. Segmentet omhandler 1940'ernes teenagere, som bliver fejet v\u00e6k af popul\u00e6rmusik.\n\nWithout You \nDette segment er en ballade om tabt k\u00e6rlighed sunget af Andy Russell.\n\nCasey at the Bat \nDette segment viser Jerry Colonna recitere digtet Casey at the Bat af Ernest Thayer, som omhandler den arrogante baseboldspiller hvis k\u00e6mph\u00f8je attitude bliver sin undergang.\n\nTwo Silhouettes \nDette segment fremviser to live-action balletdansere, David Lichine og Tania Riabouchinskaya, der bev\u00e6ger sig i silhuet med animerede baggrunde og figurer. Dinah Shore sang titelsangen.\n\nPeter and the Wolf \nDette segment er en animeret dramatisering af Sergei Prokofiev komposition Peter og ulven fra 1936 med indtaling af skuespilleren Sterling Holloway. En russisk dreng Peter tager ind i skoven for at jage ulven med sine dyrevenner: fuglen Sasha, anden Sonia, og katten Ivan.\n\nAfter You've Gone \nDette segment fremh\u00e6ver igen Benny Goodman og sit orkester som fire antroforiske instrumenter, der paraderer gennem en musikalsk legeplads.\n\nJohnny Fedora and Alice Blue Bonnet \nDette segment fort\u00e6ller den romantiske historie om to hatte (Alice og John) som bliver forelsket i et udstillingsvindue ved et stormagasin. Da Alice bliver solgt vier Johnny sig til at finde hende igen. The Andrews Sisters sang p\u00e5 dette segment. Lige som de andre segmenter, s\u00e5 blev dette segment senere udgivet i biograferne den 21. maj 1954.\n\nThe Whale Who Wanted to Sing at the Met \nDette var den bitters\u00f8de finale om en kaskelothval med en utrolig musikalsk talent og sine dr\u00f8mme om at synge grand op\u00e9ra. Dog mener den kortsynede impresario Tetti-Tatti, at hvalen blot har slugt en operasanger og jagter ham med harpun. Nelson Eddy fortalte og udf\u00f8rte alle de stemmer i dette segment. Som Willie the Whale sang Eddy alle tre mandestemmer i den f\u00f8rste del af seksteten fra Donizettis opera Lucia di Lammermoor. I sidste ende bliver Willie harpuneret og dr\u00e6bt, men fort\u00e6lleren bl\u00f8dgjorde slaget ved at fort\u00e6lle at den sang videre i himlen.\n\nKildehenvisninger\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n \n The Big Cartoon Database artikel\n\nAnimationsfilm fra USA\nAmerikanske film fra 1946\nDisney tegnefilm", "meta": {"title": "Spil for mig!", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spil%20for%20mig%21", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Xenocypris a sugaras\u00fasz\u00f3j\u00fa csontos halakon bel\u00fcl a pontyf\u00e9l\u00e9k (Cyprinidae) csal\u00e1dj\u00e1ba tartoz\u00f3 nem.\n\nRendszerez\u00e9s \nA nembe az al\u00e1bbi 7 faj tartozik:\n Xenocypris argentea (Basilewsky, 1855)\n Xenocypris davidi (Bleeker, 1871)\n Xenocypris macrolepis (Bleeker, 1871)\n Xenocypris yunnanensis (Nichols, 1925)\n Xenocypris medius (Oshima, 1920)\n Xenocypris fangi (Tchang, 1930)\n Xenocypris hupeinensis (Yih & Yang, 1964)\n\nForr\u00e1sok \n\nPontyf\u00e9l\u00e9k\nHalnemek", "meta": {"title": "Xenocypris", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenocypris", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Duperouzel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n\n Aimable Duperouzel (1831\u20131901), French-born convict transported to Western Australia\n Bruce Duperouzel (born 1950), Australian rules footballer and cricketer\n Gary Duperouzel, Australian cricket umpire\n\nFrench-language surnames", "meta": {"title": "Duperouzel", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duperouzel", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Siderone cancellariae \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Hall 1935. Siderone cancellariae ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Siderone och familjen praktfj\u00e4rilar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nPraktfj\u00e4rilar\ncancellariae", "meta": {"title": "Siderone cancellariae", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siderone%20cancellariae", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Klimczyce \u2013 wie\u015b w Polsce po\u0142o\u017cona w wojew\u00f3dztwie mazowieckim, w powiecie \u0142osickim, w gminie Sarnaki. Le\u017cy nad Bugiem.\n\nWierni Ko\u015bcio\u0142a rzymskokatolickiego nale\u017c\u0105 do parafii \u015bw. Stanis\u0142awa Biskupa i M\u0119czennika w Sarnakach.\n\nKlimczyce to swoisty region sadowniczy po\u0142o\u017cony na kra\u0144cu wschodnim wojew\u00f3dztwa mazowieckiego. Pi\u0119kne sady doskonale wkomponowa\u0142y si\u0119 w krajobraz nadbu\u017ca\u0144ski, dzi\u0119ki czemu okolica ta jest jeszcze pi\u0119kniejsza. Dlatego zim\u0105 mo\u017cna natkn\u0105\u0107 si\u0119 tu na niezliczone rzesze Bia\u0142orusin\u00f3w i Rosjan, kt\u00f3rzy przyje\u017cd\u017caj\u0105 do miejscowych sadownik\u00f3w po jab\u0142ka. I w\u0142a\u015bnie po\u0142o\u017cenie wsi blisko granicy wschodniej sprzyja temu niesamowicie. W okresie letnim mo\u017cna spotka\u0107 tu wielu turyst\u00f3w z ca\u0142ej Polski, kt\u00f3rzy w Klimczycach zacz\u0119li kupowa\u0107 dzia\u0142ki i budowa\u0107 domy. Ju\u017c dzi\u015b jest tu kilka rodzin - szczeg\u00f3lnie emeryt\u00f3w - kt\u00f3rzy na sta\u0142e przeprowadzili si\u0119 z miasta na wie\u015b.\n\nW latach 1975\u20131998 miejscowo\u015b\u0107 administracyjnie nale\u017ca\u0142a do wojew\u00f3dztwa bialskopodlaskiego.\n\nW drugiej po\u0142owie XVII wieku w\u0142a\u015bcicielk\u0105 Klimczyc by\u0142a Helena z Zamoyskich, wdowa po Marku Wody\u0144skim i jej syn Jan. Po niej dobra przej\u0119\u0142a Konstancja Butlerowa.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n Klimczyce-Kolonia\n\nPrzypisy\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n Klimczyce w serwisie Polin\u00f3w\n\nSarnaki (gmina)", "meta": {"title": "Klimczyce", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klimczyce", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Dalea piptostegia \u00e4r en \u00e4rtv\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Rupert Charles Barneby. Dalea piptostegia ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Dalea, och familjen \u00e4rtv\u00e4xter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\n\u00c4rtv\u00e4xter\npiptostegia", "meta": {"title": "Dalea piptostegia", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalea%20piptostegia", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "NGC 3455 (r\u00f3wnie\u017c PGC 32767 lub UGC 6028) \u2013 galaktyka spiralna z poprzeczk\u0105 (SBb), znajduj\u0105ca si\u0119 w gwiazdozbiorze Lwa. Odkry\u0142 j\u0105 William Herschel 21\u00a0marca 1784 roku.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n Lista obiekt\u00f3w NGC\n\nPrzypisy\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n \n \n\n3455\nGalaktyki spiralne z poprzeczk\u0105\nGwiazdozbi\u00f3r Lwa\nObiekty astronomiczne odkryte w 1784", "meta": {"title": "NGC 3455", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%203455", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Marx (Russisch: \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0441) is een stad gelegen in de oblast Saratov in Rusland en had, volgens de laatste volkstelling in 2002, 32.849 inwoners. De stad ligt aan de rivier de Wolga.\n\nDe stad werd in 1767 als Wolga-Duitse kolonie gesticht door de Nederlandse baron Ferdinand Baron Caneau de Beauregard en kreeg zodoende de naam Baronsk (\u0411\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a). Deze naam veranderde al snel in Jekaterinenstadt (\u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0442), naar tsarina Catharina de Grote. In 1920 werd de naam veranderd in Marxstadt (\u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0442), naar Karl Marx. Nadat de hier woonachtige Wolga-Duitsers in 1941 werden gedeporteerd werd de naam verkort tot Marx. \n\nTen zuiden van Marx ligt de naar Friedrich Engels vernoemde stad Engels.\n\nPlaats in de oblast Saratov\nStad in het federaal district Wolga", "meta": {"title": "Marx (stad)", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marx%20%28stad%29", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gerc\u00fc\u015f District is a district of Batman Province in Turkey. The town of Gerc\u00fc\u015f is the seat and the district had a population of 19,304 in 2021. Its area is 914\u00a0km2.\n\nComposition\nThere are two municipalities in Gerc\u00fc\u015f District:\n Gerc\u00fc\u015f\n Kayap\u0131nar\n\nThere are 58 villages in Gerc\u00fc\u015f District:\n\n Akbur\u00e7\n Akyar\n Ard\u0131\u00e7\n Ard\u0131\u00e7l\u0131\n Ar\u0131ca\n Ayd\u0131nca\n Ayd\u0131nl\u0131\n Babnir\n Ba\u011fl\u0131ca\n Ba\u011f\u00f6z\u00fc\n Ba\u015fark\u00f6y\n Ba\u015fova\n Becirman\n Bo\u011fazk\u00f6y\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan\n Cevizli\n \u00c7i\u00e7ekli\n \u00c7ukuryurt\n Derei\u00e7i\n Dereli\n Doruk\n D\u00fczme\u015fe\n Eymir\n Ge\u00e7itk\u00f6y\n G\u00f6k\u00e7e\n G\u00f6k\u00e7ep\u0131nar\n G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc\n G\u00fcrb\u00fcz\n G\u00fczel\u00f6z\n Hisar\n Kantar\n Karalan\n Kayalar\n Kesiksu\n K\u0131rkat\n K\u0131\u015flak\n Ko\u00e7ak\n K\u00f6m\u00fcrc\u00fc\n Koyunlu\n Kozlu\n Kutlu\n Nurlu\n \u00d6zler\n Poyraz\n R\u00fczgarl\u0131\n Sarg\u0131n\n Seki\n Serink\u00f6y\n Ta\u015f\u00e7\u0131\n Tepecik\n Ula\u015f\n Yak\u0131tl\u0131\n Yamanlar\n Yass\u0131ca\n Yaylad\u00fcz\u00fc\n Yemi\u015fli\n Yenice\n Y\u00fccek\u00f6y\n\nThe district encompasses 12 hamlets.\n\nReferences \n\nDistricts of Batman Province\nGerc\u00fc\u015f District", "meta": {"title": "Gerc\u00fc\u015f District", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerc%C3%BC%C5%9F%20District", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u00ab\u0421\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u00bb \u2014 \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0456\u0454\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u2018\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456, \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u043a\u0438. \n\n\u0417\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 19 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044f 2010 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0454\u0432\u0456.\n\n4 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044f 2010 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u00ab\u0421\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u041a\u0438\u0454\u0432\u0456 \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u044e: \u00ab\u042f\u043d\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447: 100 \u0434\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0433\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0431\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u00bb, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u044f\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0412\u0456\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u042f\u043d\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0456 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438.\n\n\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u0456\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437 \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0438.\n\n\u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \n \u0421\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 (\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445)\n \u0412\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0456\u0447\n\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430\n \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u00ab\u0421\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0422\u0418\u0412\u00bb \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e! \n \u042f\u043d\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447: \u0441\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0433\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0431\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n 20 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \"\u0421\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0422\u0418\u0412\" \n \u0414\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\n YouTube - \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \"\u0421\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\" 29.05.2010 \u0432 \u0421\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043e\n \u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0420\u0443\u0445 \"\u0421\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0422\u0418\u0412\"\n\n\u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438\n\u0417\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456 2010", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u00ab\u0421\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u00bb", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85%20%C2%AB%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%C2%BB", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Safair \u00e8 una compagnia aerea con sede presso l'aeroporto Internazionale O.R. Tambo a Kempton Park, Sudafrica. Operatore di una delle pi\u00f9 grandi flotte al mondo di Lockheed L-100 Hercules cargo civili, svolge operazioni di trasporto aereo di merci e attivit\u00e0 charter; leasing e vendita; addestramento per equipaggi di volo; manutenzione e modifica di aeromobili; sicurezza aerea e formazione medica.\n\nStoria \nSafair Operations come \u00e8 conosciuta oggi venne fondata nel 1965. All'epoca era conosciuta come Tropair (Pty) Ltd ed era una compagnia charter che compiva operazioni di aviazione generale. Nel 1970, il nome della societ\u00e0 cambi\u00f2 in Safair Freighters (Pty) Ltd quando fu acquistata da Safmarine e la nuova entit\u00e0 inizi\u00f2 ad operare il 18 marzo 1970. Il suo cliente principale negli anni '80 era la South African Defense Force. Fino al Negli anni novanta serv\u00ec principalmente il mercato delle merci aviotrasportate locali e regionali. Nel 1991 si diversific\u00f2 nella manutenzione degli aeromobili e nelle operazioni di corriere notturno prima di concentrarsi su leasing e noleggio. Nel 1998, Safair acquist\u00f2 una partecipazione del 49% in Air Contractors, con sede in Irlanda, e venne acquisita da Imperial Holdings per 40 milioni di dollari nel dicembre 1998. Nel luglio 1999, Safair acquis\u00ec il controllo della National Airways Corporation e Streamline Aviation.\n\nSafair \u00e8 controllata al 100% da ASL Aviation Group Ltd con sede a Dublino, Irlanda, una controllata del gruppo belga Compagnie Maritime Belge. Gli aiuti umanitari e le operazioni di soccorso sono sempre stati il mercato \"di nicchia\" di Safair, che assiste le agenzie di aiuto e soccorso come le Nazioni Unite, il World Food Programme e il Comitato internazionale della Croce Rossa nel fornire gli aiuti umanitari necessari alle regioni colpite del continente africano e ad altre aree del mondo in cui \u00e8 richiesta tale assistenza. Fino al 2018, Safair \u00e8 stata appaltata al Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide italiano per supportare le spedizioni scientifiche durante l'estate australe, volando con un Lockheed L-100-30 da Christchurch, in Nuova Zelanda, alla stazione Zucchelli nella Baia Terra Nova, in Antartide. Nel 2007, Safair ha ottenuto l'approvazione dalla IATA per l'Audit sulla sicurezza operativa (IOSA).\n\nFlySafair \n\nNel 2013, Safair ha fondato una compagnia aerea a basso costo chiamata FlySafair. Il piano iniziale per operare voli dall'ottobre 2013 ha dovuto essere annullato, a seguito di una richiesta all'Alta Corte da parte di Comair. Il primo volo \u00e8 poi avvenuto il 16 ottobre 2014.\n\nFlotta\n\nFlotta attuale \n\nA dicembre 2022 la flotta di Safair \u00e8 cos\u00ec composta:\n\nFlotta storica \nSafair operava in precedenza con:\n\n Boeing 737-200\n British Aerospace 146-100\n British Aerospace 146-200\n McDonnell Douglas MD-82\n McDonnell Douglas MD-83\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n\n \n\nCompagnie aeree sudafricane\nCompagnie aeree cargo", "meta": {"title": "Safair", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safair", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Stepanivka (\u00een ) este un sat \u00een comuna Kotovske din raionul Vil\u0219anka, regiunea Kirovohrad, Ucraina.\n\nDemografie \n\nConform recens\u0103m\u00e2ntului din 2001, majoritatea popula\u021biei localit\u0103\u021bii Stepanivka era vorbitoare de ucrainean\u0103 (%), exist\u00e2nd \u00een minoritate \u0219i vorbitori de armean\u0103 (%) \u0219i rus\u0103 (%).\n\nNote \n\nStepanivka, Vil\u0219anka, Kirovohrad\nStepanivka, Vil\u0219anka, Kirovohrad\nStepanivka, Vil\u0219anka, Kirovohrad", "meta": {"title": "Stepanivka, Vil\u0219anka", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepanivka%2C%20Vil%C8%99anka", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Aravane Reza\u00ef was the defending champion, having won the event in 2012, but she chose not to defend her title.\n\nTimea Bacsinszky won the tournament, defeating Beatriz Garc\u00eda Vidagany in the final, 6\u20131, 6\u20131.\n\nSeeds\n\nMain draw\n\nFinals\n\nTop half\n\nBottom half\n\nReferences \n Main draw\n\nOpen 88 Contrexeville - Singles", "meta": {"title": "2013 Open 88 Contrex\u00e9ville \u2013 Singles", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%20Open%2088%20Contrex%C3%A9ville%20%E2%80%93%20Singles", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "(10430) Martschmidt \u2013 planetoida z pasa g\u0142\u00f3wnego asteroid okr\u0105\u017caj\u0105ca S\u0142o\u0144ce w ci\u0105gu 4 lat i 198 dni w \u015bredniej odleg\u0142o\u015bci 2,74 j.a. Zosta\u0142a odkryta 24 wrze\u015bnia 1960 roku przez Cornelisa i Ingrid van Houten\u00f3w na p\u0142ytach Palomar Schmidt wykonanych przez Toma Gehrelsa. Nazwa planetoidy pochodzi od Maarten Schmidta (ur. 1929), holenderskiego astronoma. Przed jej nadaniem planetoida nosi\u0142a oznaczenie tymczasowe (10430) 4030 P-L.\n\nZobacz te\u017c \n lista planetoid 10001\u201311000\n lista planetoid\n\nLinki zewn\u0119trzne \n \n \n \n\nPlanetoidy pasa g\u0142\u00f3wnego\nNazwane planetoidy\n\nObiekty astronomiczne odkryte w 1960", "meta": {"title": "(10430) Martschmidt", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%2810430%29%20Martschmidt", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng Th\u0103ng Long \u00e9 um filme de drama vietnamita de 2010 dirigido e escrito por L\u01b0u Tr\u1ecdng Ninh e Charlie Nguyen. Foi selecionado como representante do Vietn\u00e3 \u00e0 edi\u00e7\u00e3o do Oscar 2011, organizada pela Academia de Artes e Ci\u00eancias Cinematogr\u00e1ficas.\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas \n\nFilmes em l\u00edngua vietnamita\nFilmes do Vietn\u00e3", "meta": {"title": "Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng Th\u0103ng Long", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%A1t%20v%E1%BB%8Dng%20Th%C4%83ng%20Long", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "W\u0142adimir Iljin (1891-1974) \u2013 rosyjski wyk\u0142adowca akademicki, emigracyjny filozof, teolog i muzykolog, pisarz i publicysta, propagandysta antysowiecki podczas II wojny \u015bwiatowej\n W\u0142adimir Iljin (ur. 1947) \u2013 radziecki i rosyjski aktor teatralny i filmowy\n W\u0142adimir Iljin (1928-2009) \u2013 radziecki pi\u0142karz", "meta": {"title": "W\u0142adimir Iljin", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adimir%20Iljin", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Acanthophyllum xanthoporphyranthum \u00e4r en nejlikv\u00e4xtart som beskrevs av Ian Charleson Hedge och Wendelbo. Acanthophyllum xanthoporphyranthum ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Acanthophyllum och familjen nejlikv\u00e4xter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nNejlikv\u00e4xter\nxanthoporphyranthum", "meta": {"title": "Acanthophyllum xanthoporphyranthum", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthophyllum%20xanthoporphyranthum", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The  is a hybrid electric vehicle that is manufactured and marketed by Honda. Its first generation was a two-door, two passenger liftback (1999\u20132006) and in its second generation was a four-door, five passenger liftback (2009\u20132014). In its third generation, it became a four-door sedan (2018\u20132022). It was Honda's first model with Integrated Motor Assist system and the most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the U.S. without plug-in capability \u2014 for the length of its production run.\n\nHonda introduced the second-generation Insight in Japan in February 2009 and in the United States on March 24, 2009. The Insight was the least expensive hybrid available in the US.\nIn December 2010, Honda introduced a less expensive base model for the 2011 model year. The Insight was launched in April 2009 in the UK as the lowest priced hybrid on the market and became the best selling hybrid for the month.\n\nThe Insight ranked as the top-selling vehicle in Japan for the month of April 2009, a first for a hybrid model. During its first twelve months after first available in the Japanese market, the second-generation Insight sold 143,015 units around the world. In July 2014, Honda announced the end of production of the Insight for the 2015 model, together with the Honda FCX Clarity hydrogen fuel-cell car and the Honda Fit EV electric car.\n\nAt the 2018 North American International Auto Show, Honda announced the third-generation Honda Insight prototype, based on the tenth-generation Honda Civic sedan. Unlike the previous Insight, it was a traditional sedan, not a five-door liftback. The third-generation Insight went on sale later that year.\n\nIn April 2022, Honda announced that the Insight would be discontinued after the 2022 model year, with production ending in June. It will be replaced by a new Civic Hybrid.\n\nFirst generation (ZE1; 1999)\n\nHistory\nBased on the Honda J-VX concept car unveiled at the 1997 Tokyo Motor Show, the Insight was introduced in Japan in November 1999 as the first production vehicle to feature Honda's Integrated Motor Assist system. In the following month, December 1999, the Insight became the first hybrid available in North America, followed seven months later by the Toyota Prius.\n\nThe Insight featured optimized aerodynamics and a lightweight aluminum structure to maximize fuel efficiency and minimize emissions. Until 2015, the first generation Insight ranks as the most fuel-efficient United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) certified gasoline-fueled vehicle, with a highway rating of  and combined city/highway rating of .\n\nDesign\n\nThe Honda Insight is a subcompact liftback  in length with a wheelbase of  a height of  and a width of . The first-generation Insight was manufactured as a two-seater, launching in a single trim level with a manual transmission and optional air conditioning. In the second year of production two trim levels were available: manual transmission with air conditioning, and continuously variable transmission (CVT) with air conditioning. The only major change during its life span was the introduction of a trunk-mounted, front-controlled, multiple-disc CD changer.\n\nIn addition to its hybrid drive system, the Insight was small, light and streamlined \u2014 with a drag-coefficient of 0.25. At the time of production, it was the most aerodynamic production car to be built.\n\nTechnology\n\nThe gasoline engine is a , 1.0-liter, ECA series 3-cylinder unit providing lean burn operation with an air-to-fuel ratio that can reach 25.8 to 1. The engine uses lightweight aluminum, magnesium, and plastic to minimize weight. The electrical motor assist adds another  (at 3000 rpm) and a maximum of 36 pound-feet (49 Nm) of torque when called on, resulting in  at 5700 rpm and  of torque at 2000 rpm, with the aim to boost performance to the level of a typical 1.5 L gasoline engine. It also acts as a generator during deceleration and braking to recharge the vehicle's batteries, and as the Insight's starter motor. (This improves fuel efficiency and extends the lifetime and fade resistance of the brakes, without adding unsprung weight). When the car is not moving, for example at a stop light, the engine shuts off. Power steering is electric, reducing accessory drag.\n\nThe Insight uses the first generation of Honda's Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid technology. (The next generation, used in the Honda Civic Hybrid, is much more space-efficient.) The Insight's electric assist is an ultrathin 60\u00a0mm (about 2.4\u00a0inches) brushless 10-kW electric motor located on the crankshaft. Located behind the seats are a series of 120 commercial grade \"D\" sized 1.2 V NiMH batteries wired to provide a nominal 144 V DC and a capacity of 6.5 AH. During heavy acceleration, the NiMH batteries drive the electric motor, providing additional power; during deceleration, the motor acts as a generator and recharges the batteries using a process called regenerative braking. A computer control module regulates how much power comes from the internal combustion engine, and how much from the electric motor; in the CVT variant, it also finds the optimal gear ratio. The digital displays on the dashboard display fuel consumption instantaneously. On the manual transmission up and down arrows suggest when to shift gears. Dashboard gauges monitor the current battery status, instantaneous fuel consumption, and mode of the electric motor \u2014 standby, engine assist or charging the batteries. High pressure ( / ), low rolling resistance tires and the use of low viscosity \"0W-20\" synthetic oil enhance fuel economy.\n\nThe original Insight had a conventional manual transmission. Starting with the 2001 model, a CVT variant of the Insight was available; the CVT is similar to that used in the Honda Civic Hybrid and the Honda Logo. A traditional transmission shifts between a fixed set of engine-to-wheel ratios; however, a CVT allows for an infinite set of ratios between its lowest gear and its highest. A feature shared by the two hybrids (and now appearing in others) is the ability to automatically turn off the engine when the vehicle is at a stop (and restart it upon movement). Since it is more powerful than most starters of conventional cars, the Insight's electric motor can start the engine nearly instantaneously. The Integrated Motor Assist is run by an \"Intelligent Power Unit (IPU)\", a desktop computer-sized box. The Intelligent Power Unit, the Power control Unit, the Electronic Control Unit, the vehicle's batteries, DC-to-DC converter and a high-voltage inverter are all located under the cargo floor of the vehicle, behind the seats.\n\nHonda increased the vehicle's fuel efficiency using aluminum and plastic extensively to reduce the vehicle's weight. The basic structure is a new, lightweight aluminum monocoque, reinforced in key areas with aluminum extrusions joined at cast aluminum lugs. Stamped aluminum panels are welded onto this structure to form an extremely light and rigid platform for the drivetrain and suspension. The Insight has a body weight less than half that of the contemporary Civic 3-door, with increased torsional rigidity by 38% and bending rigidity by 13%. Honda built the Insight with aluminum front brake calipers and rear brake drums, and with a largely aluminum suspension, in addition to standard aluminum wheels; reducing the ratio of un-sprung to sprung weight as well as the total weight. The fuel tank is plastic; the engine mounts are aluminum; and the exhaust is a small, thin wall pipe. Its compact spare is also aluminum. The Insight weighed  in manual transmission form without air conditioning,  with manual transmission and air conditioning, or  with CVT and air conditioning.\n\nThe Insight has a coefficient of drag of 0.25. The absence of a rear seat allows the body to taper just behind the driver and the rear track is 110\u00a0mm (approximately 4.3 inches) narrower than the front track.\n\nThe CVT-equipped Insight is classified as a super-low emissions vehicle. The Insight features low emissions: the California Air Resources Board gave the 5-speed model a ULEV rating, and the CVT model earned a SULEV rating \u2013 the 5-speed model's lean-burn ability traded increased efficiency for slightly higher NOx emissions.\n\nManufacturing\nThe Insight was assembled at the Honda factory in Suzuka, Japan, where the Honda NSX and the Honda S2000 were also assembled. The Insight and the NSX are aluminum-bodied, while the S2000 employs a steel body with aluminum hood.\n\nAt the 2003 Tokyo Motor Show, Honda introduced the concept car Honda IMAS, an extremely fuel-efficient and lightweight hybrid car made of aluminum and carbon fiber, which was perceived by most observers to be the future direction where the Insight was heading.\n\nWith its aluminum body and frame, the Insight was an expensive car to produce and was never designed for high-volume sales. Instead, it was designed to be a real world test car for hybrid technology and a gauge to new consumer driving habits. With an aerodynamic fuel-saving shape similar to its predecessor, the Honda CR-X, and some unconventional body colors it was a bit more than mainstream car buyers could handle, preferring more conservative styles. Production halted announced in May 2006, with plans announced to replace Insight with a new hybrid car, smaller than the eighth generation Civic, but not earlier than in 2009. Ahead of this announcement, Honda stopped selling Insight in the UK, for example, as early as December 2005.\n\nTo fill the market niche void, in 2002 Honda rolled out a hybrid version of the Honda Civic \u2013 Honda Civic Hybrid, followed by Toyota's redesign of the Prius in 2003 as a 2004 model.\n\nSales\nHonda had originally planned to sell 6,500 first generation Insights each year of production, but in the end achieved total global cumulative sales of 17,020 units over 7 years, split geographically as follows:\n\nUS market\nThe Insight was the first mass-produced hybrid automobile sold in the United States, achieving  per its then current United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) highway rating. Other hybrids soon followed, with the Toyota Prius arriving in June 2000.\n\nFuel efficiency\nThe first generation Insight was the most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the U.S. without plug-in capability for the length of its production run and up until December 2015, when it was surpassed by the 2016 Toyota Prius Eco. The Insight earned an EPA fuel economy estimate of  in highway driving,  city. With air conditioning it was  and . With a CVT it was /.\n\nThe EPA changed the way it estimated fuel economy starting with the 2008 model year.  The revised fuel economy ratings for the 2000 Insight with manual shift 5-speed under the updated testing are  in highway driving,  city, and  combined city/highway.\n\nInsight owners who are \"hypermilers\" compete to achieve maximum travel distance with each refueling. Upon the Insight's release, Honda challenged several automotive magazines to a competition to see who could obtain the best fuel efficiency on the  drive from Columbus, Ohio to Detroit. The contest was won by Car and Driver magazine, which rigged a box behind a Ford Excursion, and had the Insight drive within the confines of the box. With much less wind resistance, the Insight made the trip with a fuel consumption of , while averaging . A two-year test of an Insight with air conditioning, driven , averaged . The New York Times noted that \"[if] you drive the car badly, you will get bad mileage.\"\n\nIn the EU fuel economy tests, the Insight achieved a combined efficiency figure  with an Extra-Urban figure of  and Urban figure of .) This remains unbeaten in the UK market for a gasoline car. The Insight has an official  emissions figure of 80\u00a0g/km which is still the lowest of any UK market car. It was also the only car to fall into the VED band A (up to 100g/km ), introduced in 2005, until 2008 when other manufacturers started developing cars to benefit from the tax free status.\n\nUsage incentives\nUnder the Energy Policy Act of 2005 in the United States, the Honda Insight was eligible for a US$1,450 tax credit.\n\nCars registered in the UK after 2001 qualified for free road tax because of their low CO2 emissions (2000 registered cars would be taxed on the lower rate of the old system based on engine size). As a hybrid, the Insight did also qualify for an exemption from the London Congestion Charge. However, in December 2010 this changed such that hybrids no longer gained automatic exception, instead cars emitting less than 100g/km CO2 and meeting the January 2005 Euro 4 emissions standard. The Insight being homologated as a 2000 vehicle, and hence not Euro 4 compliant, meant it no longer meets the criteria.\n\nMotorsport\nA Honda Insight won five races and the Class A championship in the Formula 1000 Rally in the United Kingdom in 2006. In 2011, the Insight was asked to step down from the Formula 1000 Rally Championship after dominating the first three rallies, it went on to compete and win the hybrid electric vehicle class of the RAC Future Car Challenge from Brighton to London by consuming just .\n\nReplacement battery pack\nAs of June 2008 in the U.S., according to Honda, there are fewer than 200 battery failures beyond warranty coverage out of more than 100,000 hybrids sold.\n\nAs of 1 June 2008, the replacement battery costs US$1,968 and installation is around US$900.\n\nBy 2010, multiple aftermarket large capacity replacement NiMH battery packs, including GreenTec Auto, YABO Power, BumbleBee Batteries and Hybrid ReVolt, among others.\n\nSafety \nRated by the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) in 2001\n\nSecond generation (ZE2/ZE3; 2009)\n\nIn 2009, Honda introduced its second-generation Insight based on an all-new, 5-passenger, 5-door, dedicated hybrid platform, which was also later used for the Honda CR-Z. The concept version of the Insight liftback hybrid electric vehicle had made its public debut at the 2008 Paris Motor Show. and its North American debut at the Los Angeles Auto Show. In the US, the new Insight is classified as a compact car based on its interior volume.\n\nHistory\n\nThe 2010 Honda Insight was specifically designed to make hybrid technology more affordable to a wide range of buyers. Departing from the first generation Insight's two-seat configuration, the 2010 Insight is a 5-passenger, 5-door dedicated hybrid vehicle that includes the fifth generation of Honda's Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid powertrain.\n\nThe Insight was facelifted in 2010 in the United Kingdom and in 2011 for the 2012 model year in the United States, with updates to the suspension, styling and interior. There are revisions to the recoil rate of the springs, change of the rear camber angles and alterations to the rear suspension brace and adjusting mounts. As a result, Honda promised better ride, handling and stability. Interior changes include revisions to the dashboard, seat fabric, and some plastics. The air vents received a chrome surround and a silver garnish now adorns the door sills.\n \nIn 2013, Honda of Japan offered for sale two Insights: base Insight and Insight Exclusive with a CR-Z engine with CVT transmission. The base Insight had the 1.3-liter LDA engine which was offered in 2010 Insight; the 1.5-liter LEA Engine was installed in the Insight Exclusive. The base Insight had the 1.3-liter LDA engine with two trim levels: G and L. The Insight Exclusive had the 1.5-liter LEA engine with two trim Levels: XG and XL. The 2013 Insight Exclusive received revised front bumper, side skirts, revised rear bumper lower valance and 16-inch alloy wheels with 185/55R16 V-rated tires.  The XG trim level had 15-inch steel wheels or 15-inch alloy wheels with 185/60R15 H-rated tires. The 2014 Insight Exclusive received two trims levels of XL with level one receives 15-inch alloy wheels and different colors. XL level two receives 16-inch alloy wheels, fog lights, navigation, and different colors.  The XG trim level received 15-inch steel wheels and different colors.  The 1.5-liter LEA engine is same as the Honda CR-Z with 4 valves per cylinder and has slightly less gas mileage when compared to the 1.3-liter LDA engine.\n\nDesign\nHonda chose a 5-door hatchback configuration for the second Insight. The wedge-shaped body assists aerodynamics and reduces drag for improved fuel economy. The 5-passenger accommodations enhance marketability and the overall vehicle shape, as Honda puts it, is \u201cclearly identifiable as a hybrid.\u201d\n\nThe wedge shape of the second-generation Insight has been praised by many automotive journalists for its similarities with the more successful and older second-generation Toyota Prius.\n\nThe Insight's exterior design merges design cues from both the first generation Insight (the tapered tail and triangular taillights) and Honda's production hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the FCX Clarity (the low hood, six-point front grille, and wedge-shaped profile).\n\nThe interior of the new Insight includes a variation of the two-tier instrument panel first introduced on the 2006 Honda Civic. In this arrangement, a digital speedometer is mounted high on the instrument panel within the driver's normal line-of-sight for ease of visibility. An analog tachometer, fuel gauge, hybrid assist gauge, and Multi-Information Display are housed in the lower tier.\n\nPowertrain\nThe new Insight includes Honda's fifth generation of its Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid system. This system mates an internal combustion engine with an electric motor mounted directly to the engine's crankshaft between the engine and transmission. Honda states that this configuration is less complex, lower cost, and compact enough to accommodate a wide range of vehicle sizes when compared to competing hybrid powertrains. Honda has used previous generations of this IMA system on all of its production hybrid vehicles including the original Insight, Civic Hybrid, and Accord Hybrid. Advanced development has allowed the Insight's IMA system to be 19 percent smaller and 28 percent lighter than the previous generation IMA used in the existing Civic Hybrid.\n\nThe Insight's IMA includes a high-efficiency, lightweight, low-friction 1.3-liter SOHC i-VTEC 4-cylinder engine rated for  at 5800 rpm and  of torque from 1000 to 1700 rpm. The high torque at low rpm is made possible by the electric motor which contributes up to  at 1500 rpm and  of torque at 1000 rpm to the powertrain, assisting in acceleration and some steady state cruising situations at low-to-mid vehicle speeds. The motor acts as a generator during braking, steady cruising, gentle deceleration and coasting in order to recharge the IMA battery. The motor also serves as the engine starter, quickly spinning the engine to idle speed after Idle Stop and during normal vehicle starting. The system will automatically switch to a back-up, conventional 12-volt starter to start the engine if the IMA system is disabled or if the car is started at extreme cold temperatures. As an additional safety feature, Honda's hybrid configuration allows the car to operate like a conventional, gasoline-engine vehicle even if the IMA hybrid-electric motor system is completely disabled.\n\nThe 2013-2014 Honda Exclusive Model Code-ZE3: is powered by a  i-VTEC SOHC inline-4 engine, designated as LEA, with Honda's Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid-electric system. the continuously variable transmission (CVT) is standard equipment. The system delivers a combined peak output of  at 6000\u00a0rpm and  at 1000 to 1500\u00a0rpm ( on CVT-equipped models). The gasoline engine contributes  at 6000\u00a0rpm and  at 4800\u00a0rpm. \n\nThe Insight's Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) provides infinite ratios to keep the engine operating within its most efficient range. Forward gear ratios are infinitely variable between 3.172\u20130.529 and reverse gear ranges from 4.511~1.693. Final drive is 4.20:1. On Insight EX models, paddle shifters mounted behind the steering wheel allow the driver to engage a manual shift mode and select from seven simulated gear ratios for full control over acceleration and engine braking. Since the CVT's gear ratios are continuously variable the system electronically directs the transmission to up- or downshift into pre-determined ratios when the driver taps the shift paddles. In normal driving, the CVT allows the engine and IMA motor to stay in their most efficient operating range thereby providing superior fuel efficiency to that of a conventional automatic transmission with fixed gear ratios. The CVT's variable gear ratios allow for both quick, initial acceleration and efficient, low-rpm cruising.\n\nIn order to allow the powertrain computer to optimize performance under every driving condition, the Insight's accelerator pedal is a \u201cdrive-by-wire\u201d type that uses an electronic position sensor instead of the conventional metal cable that usually connects the pedal to the engine's throttle body. In the drive-by-wire system, the engine's throttle body is controlled by the powertrain computer in response to the accelerator pedal position\u2014allowing the computer to determine the optimal throttle body, fuel, and CVT settings based on the accelerator pedal position and its rate of travel.\n\nCar and Driver magazine performed a comparison between the 2010 Honda Insight and the 2010 Toyota Prius. In this test, the Insight achieved 0\u201360\u00a0mph in 10.3 seconds (Prius, 10.0 seconds), the quarter mile in 17.9 seconds at 78\u00a0mph (Prius, 17.6 at 79\u00a0mph), and 70\u20130\u00a0mph braking in 181 feet (Prius, 182 feet). The Insight's average fuel economy during a 600-mile controlled evaluation was  (Prius, ). Overall, Car and Driver selected the Insight as their preferred vehicle due to its \"fun-to-drive\" qualities including superior handling, steering, braking, and paddle-shifted transmission.\n\nIMA battery\nThe Insight's IMA is powered by a flat, nickel-metal hydride battery pack located below the cargo floor between the rear wheels. The 84 module battery is manufactured by Sanyo Electric and provides a nominal system voltage of 100.8 volts with a nominal capacity of 5.75 ampere hours. The power density of the modules is 30 percent greater than in the second generation Civic Hybrid. The battery is recharged automatically by scavenging engine power, when needed, and by regenerative braking when the car is decelerating. The power management electronics, battery modules, and cooling system are all self-contained within the IMA battery pack.\n\nHonda ECO ASSIST System\nThe system monitors and displays the positive or negative effect of a driving style on the vehicle's fuel economy.\n\nAs a visual aid, the background of the Insight's digital speedometer glows green when the car is being driven in an efficient manner. Somewhat less-efficient driving makes the meter glow blue-green. Aggressive starts and stops that consume extra fuel make the meter glow blue. By observing the color shift of the speedometer background, the driver receives assistance in developing driving habits that typically enhance fuel economy.\n\nIn addition, ECO ASSIST includes a dedicated ECON button that enables the driver to initiate a range of functions that increase the fuel economy of the IMA system via a single button press. In ECON mode, the driver trades off a measure of performance for enhanced fuel economy but gains the following advantages:\n Increases the potential for engaging the Idle Stop feature sooner\n Operates air conditioning more in recirculation mode\n Reduces automatic climate control blower fan speed\n Optimizes throttle angle input and CVT operation\n Limits power and torque by approximately 4 percent (full responsiveness is provided at wide-open-throttle)\n\nOverall, ECO ASSIST is designed to assist the driver in adopting a balanced approach between efficient highway commuting and efficient city driving. However, the EPA found during fuel economy testing that using the ECO ASSIST mode \"registered no effect\" on its fuel economy rating. \"It relaxes throttle response, so the test driver simply compensates with additional throttle to achieve the required speeds.\"\n\nThe multi-information display, located in the center of the tachometer, can be toggled through nine different screens of vehicle information including instantaneous fuel economy, hybrid system schematic, trip computer, and ECO Guide. The ECO Guide display includes a real-time graphic that provides a target zone for acceleration and deceleration in order to achieve maximum fuel economy. When the ignition switch is turned off, a summary screen displays a scoring function that encourages drivers to take an interest in developing fuel-efficient driving habits over the long term. In this manner, drivers can earn additional \u2018leaves\u2019 on a plant stem when practicing fuel saving strategies. Long-term fuel efficient driving habits ultimately earn the driver a \u2018trophy\u2019 graphic.\n\nChassis, suspension, and steering\nThe Insight's compact chassis is derived from components used in the Honda Fit. The structure of the engine compartment and front section of the chassis is almost identical to the Fit's, but with additional enhancements to aid crash protection. From the firewall aft the platform is unique to Insight.\n\nThe most significant difference between the Fit and the Insight platform is the position of the fuel tank. While the Fit locates the fuel tank under the front seats, the Insight positions the fuel tank under the rear seats. This allows the Insight's hybrid battery pack to be located in the cargo floor below the spare tire, to accommodate folding rear seats, lower roofline, and a more aerodynamic body shape.\n\nFront and rear suspension components from the Fit are used including MacPherson struts at the front and an H-shaped torsion beam at the rear to keep the load floor low. Front and rear stabilizer bars are also installed. On EX models, the 175/65-15 low-rolling resistance tires are mounted on lightweight aluminum wheels, each weighing  together with the tire.\n\nThe rack-and-pinion steering uses electric assist and allows the Insight to steer normally even when the engine is shut off in Idle Stop mode.\n\nThe braking system includes four-channel ABS, electronic brake distribution, and a creep aid system to prevent the car from rolling on a hill. A brake booster pressure monitoring system monitors vacuum when the engine is shut off during Idle Stop mode. Traction control and vehicle stability assist are also included. The front brakes are single-piston sliding caliper with a one-piece ventilated rotor. Drum brakes are used in the rear.\n\nEnhanced efficiency air conditioning system\nThe air conditioning system on the new Insight has an expanded thermodynamic range compared to conventional systems. Unlike the separate low pressure and high pressure refrigerant pipes used in conventional systems, the Insight has its low pressure cold pipe enclosing the high pressure hot refrigerant pipe that allows the cold refrigerant on its way back to the engine bay to cool the warm refrigerant traveling to the cabin. A unique, spiral groove along the outside of the inner pipe increases the surface area and therefore the efficiency of the heat transfer between the outer and inner tubes. This improves the thermal efficiency of the air-conditioning system and, as a result, less effort is required from the compressor, resulting in improved fuel efficiency.\n\nIn order to control costs, Honda decided not to include the electric-assist air conditioning compressor used in the Civic Hybrid. The Civic Hybrid's electric-assist allows the air conditioning compressor to continue running (using battery pack power) to maintain cabin temperature when the engine is shut off in Idle Stop mode. Instead, the Insight limits the duration of the Idle Stop mode during air conditioning use and restarts the engine, when needed, to maintain cabin temperature. However, when the Insight's ECON function is engaged, a longer Idle Stop time is invoked for improved fuel efficiency at the expense of rapid cabin cooling. In other words, the air conditioning stops whenever the car stops, as in stop-and-go traffic. During Idle Stop the blower continues to run albeit at a low speed.\n\n2012 facelift\n\nA facelifted Insight for Europe is shown at the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show. Honda facelifted the Insight for 2012 model year. There are several significant changes to improve the car, including exterior, interior, driving and fuel economy.\n\nIn the exterior, Honda updates the front with larger air intakes on the lower front fascia, installs new headlights and tail lights, and has new wheel designs. The new grille comes with a blue stripe that Honda says represents the car's \u201chigh-tech hybrid identity.\u201d A thinner rear spoiler and a more compactly mounted rear wiper motor help to improve visibility through the rear window.\n\nEven though it now comes with wider 185/60R15 tires, a reduction in engine and CVT friction, improvements to the front and rear bumpers and underbody lead to a 1-mpg increase in EPA's city, highway, and combined mileage numbers.  in the city,  on the highway, and  mpg combined.\nThe aerodynamic efficiency is improved by two percent.\n\nIn the interior, the rear-seat and headliner are redesigned to add more rear legroom and headroom, improving comfort, additional sound insulation is added and the cupholders are larger. A rear camera and a 16-gigabyte flash card system now comes with the navigation system. Furthermore, the gauge cluster is refreshed.\n\nChanges in design led to excessive oil consumption that could require replacement of parts of the engine. In 2017, Honda addressed the concern in 2016 and, in 2017, extended the warranty to cover these flaws for eight years.\n\nFuel efficiency\nDespite technological advances, the fuel efficiency of the second-generation Insight was lower than that of the first because of significant increases in size, weight and power. Fuel efficiency rating according to the U.S. EPA testing methodology is: City , Highway , Combined . The 2012 model year U.S. version has minor improvements and its updated EPA fuel economy rating is: City , Highway , Combined .\n\nHonda UK state that the official UK fuel efficiency data for the Insight SE is: Urban , Extra urban , Combined  and the CO2 emissions rating is: 101 g/km, putting it in the second lowest UK vehicle excise duty band.\n\nSales and prices by country\nHonda sold 130,445 Insights worldwide in 2009.\n\nIn an interview in early February 2011, a Honda executive disclosed that Honda produced around 200,000 hybrids a year in Japan.\n\nThe Insight was removed from Honda Canada's website in November 2013. It was removed from sale in the UK mid 2014.\n\nJapan\nThe new Insight began sales in Japan on February 6, 2009. The reception in Japan exceeded Honda's original forecast of 5,000 monthly sales. This resulted as less availability to overseas markets and Honda has to start production on a second line at its Suzuka factory in mid-June to increase production from 700 units a day. In April 2009, the Honda Insight became the first gasoline-electric hybrid to be the best-selling vehicle in Japan for the month.\nAfter less than eleven months on sale, Honda sold 93,283 Insight in Japan in 2009, ranking it the fifth best-selling car for the year. In March 2010, Honda announced that the new Insight broke through 100,000 sales in the Japanese market in just one year after its introduction.\n\nUnited States\n\nThe car went on sale on March 24, 2009, in the U.S. as a 2010 model, making it the least expensive hybrid vehicle available in the United States.\n\nWithin less than ten months from its introduction, Insight total sales for 2009 in the U.S. market\nwere 20,572 units, selling more than the Fusion Hybrid (15,554 units) and the Civic Hybrid (15,119), but behind the Camry Hybrid (22,887 units) and the Toyota Prius (139,682 units).\nThe sales in the U.S. were below expectation, mainly due to the economic recession in 2008\u201309, stiff competition and a drop in gasoline prices of over one-third over the past year, eroding demand for fuel-efficient cars.\n\nIn December 2010, Honda introduced a less expensive Insight hybrid for the 2011 model year to help boost sales. For the 2011 LX model, center armrest, cruise control, USB connectivity for the audio system and floor mats are newly added. Electronic stability control and brake assist became standard across all trim levels. All models come with automatic climate control. Honda explained the move \"to make (the vehicle) more affordable for those younger customers who couldn't previously get into a hybrid.\" In 2009, Toyota promised a lower-priced version of the Prius to compete with Insight, but quietly dropped the deal for consumers.\n\nIn 2010, 20,962 Insights were sold in the country. The Insight ranked number two in all hybrid vehicle sales after the Toyota Prius, beating out the Toyota Camry Hybrid and the Ford Fusion Hybrid. From January 2011 to August 2011, cumulative sales of the Insight in the U.S. reached 13,106 units, ranking number two among hybrid sales for 2011 and outsold only by the Prius. By September 2011, cumulative sales reached 13,618 units, falling to the third place, surpassed by the Hyundai Sonata.\n\nFor the 2012 model year, upgraded upholstery, map light, and steering-wheel-mounted controls are added to LX trim; Bluetooth, automatic headlights, a premium fabric upholstery, plus a leather-wrapped steering wheel and shift knob are added to EX trim. Rearview camera and a 16-gigabyte flash card system are added to the navigation system.\n\nIn October 2009, Consumer Reports named the Honda Insight the most reliable vehicle as it scored the highest of any vehicles in predicted reliability, according to its annual vehicles reliability survey.\n\nEurope\n\nUnited Kingdom\n\nThe Honda Insight has been on sale from 4 April 2009 and early reports said it outsold its competitor by 15%. The Insight is no longer exempted from the London congestion charge. Starting from autumn 2010, revised suspension should improve ride and handling, parking sensors are added to ES model and higher trim models.\n\nAustralia\nThe Insight was launched as the lowest-priced hybrid car in Australia starting from December 2010. Its price was lower than the Civic Hybrid and the Toyota Prius.\n\nIts fuel economy is rated  in official Australian testing. Honda questions the green credentials of electric vehicles when electricity is generated from coal-fired power stations, \"For Australia, unless you're tapped into a green power source, the benefits are negligible\".\n\nThe Netherlands\nAs of March 2010, Honda has sold 2,661 units since the introduction of the Insight in April 2009 of which 847 were sold in the first three months of 2010. As of January 2010, the Honda Insight is exempt of road tax.\n\nThe sales of the Honda Insight, along with those of the Honda Civic Hybrid, helped Honda achieve their best sales result in the Netherlands since 1989.\n\nRepublic of Ireland\nBetween 2009 and 2015, The Society of the Irish Motor Industry (SIMI) 'Motorstats' (beepbeep.ie) show that there were 306 'Total New Registrations' of Honda Insights (including 27 and 5 in 2014 & 2015 respectively) with a peak of 108 in 2010 (10 in 2009). The 'Refreshed' model (new front etc.) was available in 2013.  Retail price in 2014 for the SE option was \u20ac23,495 and the ES \u20ac24,610 (kevinoleary.ie).\n\nOther Asian countries\nThe Insight was launched in South Korea in October 2010 as the lowest priced hybrid car offered by import automakers.\n\nIn Malaysia, Honda launched the Insight on December 2, 2010, at the Kuala Lumpur International Motor Show (KLIMS) 2010. It was priced slightly more than the top model Honda City. It is reported that a few hundred sales orders were received even before its launch.\n\nIn 2011, Insight was the best selling hybrid in the country with a total of 4,568 sold.\n\nReception\n\nEarly reviews praised the Insight's futuristic styling, handling, and price but noted that it was less powerful, less fuel efficient, and less comfortable than other more expensive hybrids. The Insight performed well in comparison tests administered by Motor Trend and Car and Driver. In their comparison test against the 2010 Toyota Prius, Car and Driver stated \"...the Insight proved more visceral, connected, and agile than the Prius. The Insight represents a lot of engineering bang for the buck, and the majority of its dynamics are more satisfying than the Prius\u2019s\" citing the benefits of the Insight's firm brake feel, accurate steering, and tight suspension (the latter borrowing heavily from the latest Honda Fit). It did not perform as well in Edmunds or Popular Mechanics tests. Despite a high reliability rating in Consumer Reports testing, the Insight was assigned a low score, stating that it fell short in ride quality, handling, interior noise, acceleration, refinement, rear seat access and rear visibility.\n\nAutoblog praised it for its fuel economy, tight handling, and good steering feedback, and stated \"the Insight is a shockingly fun car to drive in a spirited manner in spite of the comparatively modest thrust available.\", but criticized the Insight for its low passenger volume.\n\nAutomotive critic Jeremy Clarkson, known for his disdain for hybrid vehicles, criticized the Insight for its continuously variable transmission, engine noise, and build quality. He recognized that the price was low, but concluded that a Volkswagen Golf was a better deal.\n\nEdmunds.com praised the Insight for improving upon the formula of rival Prius and costing thousands less, but criticized it for excessive road noise, a tight back seat, and buzzy engine under hard acceleration. In addition, they state it \"is by far the most enjoyable hybrid hatchback to drive\" and praised the ride for being firm, the steering for being relatively responsive, and the seamless integration between the electric and internal combustion engine.\n\nIn 2009, Edmunds pitted a Honda Insight against other hybrids like Toyota Prius and Ford Fusion hybrid, a Volkswagen Jetta TDI automatic and a MINI Cooper with manual transmission over two days of mixed city and highway driving.\n\nIn October 2014, Top Gear magazine placed the Insight on its list of \"The worst cars you can buy right now\", describing the car as \"A \u00a320k hyper-efficient numbers merchant now surpassed by loads of diesel rivals in practically any measurement except urban quietness. The game has moved on.\"\n\nSafety\n\nDiscontinuation\nIn November 2013, Honda informed dealers in Japan that Insight production would stop. Its sales were in a \"slow death\" and its discontinuation was for the second time in ten years. On February 28, 2014, Honda officially announced ending production of the second generation Insight after the 2014 model year. With its \"unrefined powertrain and cheap interior\" the car had \"dismal sales\" especially when compared to its competition. Although it had a lower base price than the competing hybrid model, the Insight's 42 mpg estimate did not reach the 50 mpg Toyota Prius, the number that \"mattered most to potential customers.\" With a combined fuel economy rating that was now little more than that of some non-hybrid models available in the U.S. marketplace, in early 2014 there was 237 days worth of supply of Insights in contrast to the typical 60-day inventory held by automakers.\n\nThird generation (ZE4; 2018)\n\nThe third-generation Honda Insight prototype debuted at the 2018 North American International Auto Show, and the production version was unveiled at the 2018 New York International Auto Show. It is based on the tenth-generation Honda Civic sedan, and shares similar exterior and interior dimensions (although the Insight is about one inch longer than its non-hybrid counterpart). Unlike the previous Insight, it is a traditional sedan, not a five-door liftback.\n\nThe new Insight uses Honda's third generation two-motor hybrid powertrain, featuring a 1.5-liter gasoline engine that runs on Atkinson cycle combined with an electric motor and a lithium-ion battery pack.\n\nThe Insight shares the same trunk space as the tenth-generation Honda Civic sedan, as the batteries for the Insight do not impede on trunk space. The fully digital LCD instrument cluster was taken from the larger 2018 Honda Accord, and many interior styling features were taken from the tenth-generation Honda Civic Sedan, which is assembled at the same Greensburg, Indiana plant as the all-new Insight. Honda projects a  city,  highway fuel economy, and  combined rating for the 2019 Insight LX and EX trim levels, as compared to the  city,  highway, and  combined fuel economy ratings on the top Touring trim, which introduces leather seating to the Insight for the first and only time.  The difference in fuel economy between the versions is due to the higher weight and added equipment of the Touring version.\n\nThe third-generation Honda Insight went on sale at Honda dealerships in the United States in June 2018 as a 2019 model year vehicle with a retail price starting at $22,830 plus $895 destination charge. It was also launched in Mexico on September 6, 2018, and later in Japan on December 13, 2018, and went on sale on the next day.\n\nIn April 2022, Honda announced that the Insight would be discontinued after the 2022 model year, with production ending in June. A new Civic Hybrid will replace the Insight.\n\nAwards and recognition\nFirst generation\n The Insight's engine won the International Engine of the Year award for 2000, and continued to hold the \"Sub-1 liter\" size category for the next six years.\n It received the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 2000 Climate Protection Award.\n It was named the Greenest Vehicle of the year for 2000, 2002, 2003 and 2006 by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE).\n The Insight was nominated for the North American Car of the Year award for 2001.\n Until the 2016 Toyota Prius Eco, the 2000 Insight was the most efficient EPA-certified gasoline-powered vehicle ever, with a highway rating of  and combined city/highway rating of .\n\nSecond generation\n The Insight is awarded 2009 Good Design Award from the Japan Industrial Design Promotion Organization\n The American Automobile Association (AAA) awarded the Honda Insight the Top Commuter Vehicle in 2010.\n The 2010 Insight EX was awarded Top Safety Pick 2009 from Insurance Institute for Highway Safety\n Selected among Kelley Blue Book Top 10 Green Cars for 2010.\n Selected among Kelley Blue Book Top 10 Green Cars for 2011.\n Selected among the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy Greenest Vehicles of the Year for 2010, 2011 and 2012.\n 2012 Total Cost of Ownership Award in the hybrid car category, granted by Kelly Blue Book for the lowest projected costs during initial five-year ownership period in its category.\n\nThird generation\n 2019 Green Car of the Year\n\nSee also\n Honda CR-Z\n Honda Civic Hybrid\n Honda Clarity\n List of hybrid vehicles\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n Honda Insight official website\n\nInsight\nHybrid electric cars\nPartial zero-emissions vehicles\nVehicles with CVT transmission\nHatchbacks\nCars introduced in 1999\n2010s cars\nFront-wheel-drive vehicles", "meta": {"title": "Honda Insight", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20Insight", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "De vlucht van vroeger is het 19e stripalbum van Agent 327, getekend door Martin Lodewijk en in 2005 uitgegeven door Uitgeverij L. Het verhaal (dossier) is voor het eerst verschenen in het Algemeen Dagblad in 2004 (1 april t/m 4 augustus). In 2020 werd het album heruitgegeven onder de titel De vlucht van 75 jaar terug naar aanleiding van van het 75-jarig jubileum van de bevrijding in Nederland.\n\nIn De vlucht van vroeger worden vreemde theorie\u00ebn over Rudolf Hess en de affaire van de Stadhoudersbrief verweven tot een verhaal waarin 327's verleden een rol blijkt te spelen.\n\nVerhaal \n\nAgent 327 en de Chef spitten in de oude archieven en komen zo op dossier De vlucht van vroeger. Dat gaat terug tot in de oorlog, toen de jonge Hendrik IJzerbroot via het verzet de Chef al ontmoette. Het dossier begint in 1941, wanneer Rudolf Hess naar Engeland wil vliegen. Daarbij had hij stiekem voorwerpen uit de kluis van Hitler meegenomen. Als Hitler hiervan op de hoogte komt, stuurt hij om verwarring te zaaien elf dubbelgangers achter Hess aan. Negen komen nooit aan, de tiende is joods en vlucht naar Portugal maar de elfde bereikt Engeland. Deze wordt gevangengenomen en sterft in 1987 in de Spandaugevangenis. De echte Hess is onderweg naar Engeland in aanvaring gekomen met een Brits vliegtuig dat in de Noordzee verdween, wat niemand weet.\n\nTerug naar 1948, terug naar de aanstaande inhuldiging van koningin Juliana. De jonge IJzerbroot is onlangs als Geheim Agent 327 toegelaten en moet met de Chef naar Berlijn om daar het kunstgebit van koningin Wilhelmina te zoeken. Voor de oorlog is het gebit gestolen in opdracht van Hitler, als pesterij. De staatsgeheimen, op microfiche, zitten in de prothese van Wihelmina en deze moeten terug zijn voordat Juliana ingehuldigd wordt.\n\nAllereerst moeten chef en 327 het kamermeisje opsporen dat het kunstgebit van Wilhelmina stal. Met behulp van de Tr\u00fcmmerbube Emil komen ze haar tandarts op het spoor en ontsnappen ze aan Dritta Reich en haar handlangers, die ook op zoek zijn naar het kamermeisje. Als Chef en IJzerbroot het kamermeisje hebben gevonden, zal zij ervoor zorgen dat Wilhelmina's gebit terugkomt. Met Emils hulp slagen ze erin om in de ru\u00efnes van Hitlers bunker te komen. Het kamermeisje opent een geheime kluis en op dat moment verschijnt Reich weer. Wat zowel Chef als Reich zoeken, blijkt te zijn wat Hess stal: een onduidelijk geheim wapen. Dan verschijnt ook nog Victor Baarn bij de kluis, die de zoektocht van 327 en Chef volgde om d\u00e9 Stadhoudersbrief te vinden. Het echte exemplaar blijkt ook door Hess gestolen. Een kopie laat wel zien dat Hitler juist vroeg of Bernhard stadhouder wilde worden en dat Bernhard dat niet zelf aanbood. Integendeel: hij wees het af.\nDe jonge IJzerbroot zorgt op dat moment voor verwarring zodat de Nederlanders kunnen ontsnappen. Er is er nog \u00e9\u00e9n probleem: hoe moeten de Nederlandse staatsgeheimen op tijd terugkomen in Amsterdam, want vanwege de mist wordt er niet gevlogen. Met behulp van een postduif wordt de microfilm toch nog op tijd afgeleverd.\n\nTrivia \n Aan het begin van het verhaal is Juffrouw Betsy in de rouw over de dood van prinses Juliana, die toen dit verhaal in de krant liep net overleden was.\n De vliegtuigen in strook H7 vliegen allemaal naar Engelse graafschappen: Middlesex, Essex, East Sussex, West-Sussex, Wessex, Dorset en zelfs Plassex.\n Een van Hess' dubbelgangers vlucht naar Portugal, waar een vrouw naar zijn penis kijkt tussen de lakens en opmerkt dat hij besneden en dus joods is.\n In strook H10 ontdekt Hess een B-24 Liberator bommenwerper van de Amerikaanse USAAF, die afgedwaald is van zijn konvooi. De Verenigde Staten waren in 1941 echter nog niet deelnemer aan de strijd tegen Nazi-Duitsland. \n In strook H11 is dezelfde B-24 Liberator uit strook H10 plots een toestel van de Britse Royal Air Force geworden. De piloot is in deze en de volgende stroken echter nog altijd gekleed in Amerikaans uniform. \n In strook H13 eist Hess dat de piloten naar Engeland vliegen. De piloot merkt op: \"Toe maar! Alsof het niks is... waarom niet ineens naar Cuba of zo?\" Tijdens de jaren 70 zouden veel kapers piloten dwingen naar Cuba te vliegen.\n De kolenwagen in strook H20 heeft de running gag de fictieve firma \"Habraken\" op de zijkant staan. In strook H43 staat het in het Duits geschreven als \"Habracke auto's\".\n IJzerbroot en de chef vliegen in strook H26-H28 mee met Gail Halvorsen, een Amerikaanse piloot die tijdens de Blokkade van Berlijn de Berlijnse bevolking per vliegtuig chocolade bezorgde. Hij kreeg hierbij de naam \"Candy Bomber\" en \"Der Schokoladen Flieger\".\n De balpen heeft zijn intrede gedaan in Berlijn. IJzerbroot merkt op dat de mensen zelfs nog nooit zijn Eversharp hebben gezien. \"Eversharp\" was een potlodenmerk.\n In H39 merkt een van de Duitse gangsters op: \"Arbeit macht froh!\" (\"Arbeid maakt vrolijk!\"), een woordspeling op Arbeit macht frei (\"Arbeid maakt vrij\"), de boodschap die op het Auschwitzhek stond geschreven.\n Dritta Reichs naam is een woordspeling op \"Das Dritte Reich\" (Het Derde Rijk).\n Dritta's handlangers, Goethe en Wittgenstein, zijn genoemd naar de gelijknamige Duitse auteurs.\n Een van de gangsters hoort in strook H45 allerlei rare luide geluiden en vraagt: \"Wat zijn ze aan het doen? Het lijkt Stalingrad wel!\"\n IJzerbroot beweert autorijden te hebben geleerd op het Circuit van Zandvoort.\n Wanneer IJzerbroot per auto onder de Berlijnse douanepoort heenrijdt, merkt hij triomfantelijk op: \"Ze zullen hier toch echt op z'n minst een muur moeten bouwen om mij tegen te houden.\"\n Fraulein Lotte Lieferbahr lijkt op Liza Minnelli in de film Cabaret (1972)\n In strook H55 merkt Lieferbahr op dat ze \"heus niet zo'n dom blondje is als Eva Braun of Traudl Junge.\" In strook H65 voegt ze eraan toe dat ze \"Hanna Reitsch veel aardiger vond.\"\n Emiel verklaart in diezelfde strook dat men beter ergens ver weg oorlog kan voeren: \"Weet ik veel... in Korea of Indo-China of voor mijn part Irak. Dan heb je er tenminste zelf geen last van.\"\n In strook H61 gebruikt Lieferbahr het scheldwoord G\u00f6tterd\u00e4mmerung, dat op een verduitste versie van het woord \"goddamn\" lijkt, maar in feite \"godenschemering\" betekent. De \"G\u00f6tterd\u00e4mmerung\" is een bekende opera van Richard Wagner.\n In strook H64 vindt Lieferbahr \"het dagboek dat de F\u00fchrer bijhield over z'n darmproblemen\": \"Mein KRampf\"\n IJzerbroot laat in strook H67 een van de gangsters struikelen en verklaart: \"Een tackle die ik niet van Kick Wilstra geleerd heb...\" Kick Wilstra was de hoofdfiguur in een Nederlandse voetbalstrip, die echter pas in 1949 zijn debuut maakte, terwijl dit verhaal zich afspeelt in 1948.\n Victor Baarn, wiens identiteit al jaren een mysterie is in Agent 327, verschijnt hier met een sjaal voor zijn gezicht, maar afgaande op zijn Duitse accent, hooggeplaatste functie en duidelijk herkenbare brilglazen is het Prins Bernhard, iets wat Lodewijk zelf ook al heeft toegegeven. In strook H88 volgt nog een extra hint, wanneer IJzerbroot vraagt: \"Hoe kan de pr...eh... Victor Baarn nu wel op tijd bij de inhuldiging geweest zijn als de vliegtuigen niet vlogen?\" Olga Lawina antwoordt: \"Dubbelgangers.\"\n In strook H84 zegt de chef dat indien de duif een wielrenner was, hij de Tour de France zeven keer zou winnen. Dit is een verwijzing naar Lance Armstrong die in 2005, toen dit album verscheen, voor de zevende keer de Ronde van Frankrijk won.\n IJzerbroot en de Chef zingen in strook H86 het Wilhelmus. IJzerbroot verklaart later: \"Daar kon Willem Duys twintig jaar later nog een puntje aan zuigen, chef!\"\n\nZie ook \n Lijst van albums van Agent 327\n\nStripverhaal van Agent 327", "meta": {"title": "De vlucht van vroeger", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20vlucht%20van%20vroeger", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Luiz Gonzaga Pereira dos Santos (aka. Gonzaga da Cacimba) was a Brazilian mass murderer who killed a family of seven in Princesa Isabel, Brazil, on June 29, 1979. He was killed on a siege on March 3, 1981.\n\nBackground\nSantos, who was enraged because his daughter had lost her virginity to one of the Jos\u00e9 Alves de Almeida family's sons, Jo\u00e3o Alves de Almeida. Jo\u00e3o was wanting to marry Santos's daughter, but the daughter had fallen in love with another man, and the engagement was undone.\n\nSantos was described as a bad character person, who lived on a group of rogues, and was interested in gambling. He was also credited with four other murders and other crimes in the states of Pernambuco and Para\u00edba.\n\nSantos was said to have a strong hatred for de Almeida family, having a quarrel on him for over five years, and had always said that he was going to have revenge.\n\nMurders\nOn approximately 6:30\u00a0p.m., June 29, 1979, Santos, armed with a revolver, entered de Almeida house in Princesa Isabel. The family was dining at the time. After he intruded Almeida's house, he ordered the family to lean against the wall, and then began shooting them, all of them fatally. Santos also searched for Jo\u00e3o, who had seduced his daughter, but was not in the house at the time. Santos then fled.\n\nOne child, Francisco de Assis de Almeida Santos, 13, hid behind a door, passed behind Santos, and escaped, running to the house of Aluisio Ferreira da Silva, circa 500 meters, Ferreira da Silva, went to the house to see what happened, and was threatened to be shot by Santos, Santos ordered to Ferreira da Silva get out of the house, saying \"se ficar na minha frente, morre tamb\u00e9m\" (If you keep standing in front of me, you die too.).\n\nEscaping with de Assis de Almeida, Ferreira da Silva contacted the authorities, on 9:15\u00a0p.m., 60 police officers, commanded by Colonel Mauricio Leite and by local Delegate Adelino Ferreira da Silva, began searching for Santos, with no success.\n\nThe victims were buried on Triunfo's Cemetery on 10:30\u00a0a.m., an employee of a bank establishment, requested donations for buying coffins for the victims, and was received by the population.\n\nAn extensive search for Santos was initiated, which finally ended on March 3, 1981.\n\nWorried because Santos was being searched for by 23,450 furious villagers, Judge Luiz Carlos Santos, who accumulated the district of Princesa Isabel, contacted Paraiba Public Security to give Santos the \"guarantees of justice\" fearing that Santos might be found and lynched by the population of the region, who were furious about the crime.\n\nSiege and death\nOn Po\u00e7\u00e3o, Pernambuco, March 3, 1981, Santos's house was surrounded by the 3rd Military Police Squad of Pernambuco and Para\u00edba state authorities, Santos resisted and began a shootout with the police, claiming that he had a child with him, and that he was not a violent criminal, that would not take his life, because he committed several crimes on regions of Pernambuco and Para\u00edba and had a preventive detention mandate, and for that reason, he wanted to leave the house dead.\n\nHe released one of his 25-year-old sons, whom he demanded to close the entire house, and said \"agora estou pronto, nunca me entregarei vivo.\" (Now I'm ready; I won't surrender alive.) For approximately 11 hours, Santos opened one of his house windows, and said he would only leave with Captain Medeiros, who approached Santos, Medeiros tried to convince the gunman to surrender to the police, Santos responded \"n\u00e3o havia jeito\" (There's no way.) and that in no way he would surrender.\n\nLearning that the gunman would not surrender with his life, Captain Medeiros ordered the Military Police Squad of Pernambuco in Garanhuns to tear gas bombs, at 14 o'clock, they requested again for Santos to surrender, but was again unsuccessful. According to seargeant Jo\u00e3o Gomes de Souza, it was finally resolved to thrown tear gas bombs onto Santos house, Santos responded the police and jumped the window of the house and began shooting at Jo\u00e3o Gomes de Souza, injuring him. This response caused the police to shoot at Santos, killing him with 20 bullets, but he couldn't be treated from his injuries.\n\nAftermath\nAfter the shootout, Santos was taken to Monteiro, Para\u00edba municipality, while Gomes de Souza was taken to the Hospital de Arcoverde, posteriorly to the Centro Hospitalar da Pol\u00edcia Militar de Pernambuco, on Derby, Recife.\n\nFor killing seven persons, Santos gained notoriety with the name \"Mata-Sete\" (Kill-Seven) or \"Monstro de Princesa\" (Princesa's Monster) given by the newspaper O Norte.\n\nA book, based on the murders of Santos, \"Mata Sete\" o monstro de Sert\u00e3o o assassino de um fam\u00edlia em Princesa Isabel, written by Antonio Patricio de Souza, was published in 1979.\n\nVictims\nJos\u00e9 Alves de Almeida, 56\nMarcionila Alves de Almeida, 56, Jos\u00e9 Alves wife\nMaria da Gloria, 18\nMaria de Fatima, 17\nMaria Aparecida, 12\nFrancisco de Assis, 10\nVital Jos\u00e9 Alves de Almeida, 7\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nExecutado em tiroteio o \"Mata Sete\", Di\u00e1rio de Pernambuco (March 6, 1981)\nBandido \u00e9 morto com 20 tiros, Di\u00e1rio do Paran\u00e1: Orgao dos Di\u00e1rios Associados (PR) - 1955 a 1983 (March 8, 1981)\n\nBibliography\nde Souza, Antonio Patricio: \"Mata Sete\" o monstro de Sert\u00e3o o assassino de um familia em Princesa Isabel; 1979.\n\nFurther reading\nQuestao de Honra, Renato Uch\u00f4a, Ana Paula Rom\u00e3o\nMata Sete: o outro lado de uma trag\u00e9dia pela honra, Miguezim de Princesa (October 26, 2008)\nNeta do Mata-Sete comenta cr\u00f4nica sobre o av\u00f4, Miguezim de Princesa (December 21, 2008)\n\n1979 in Brazil\nMass murder in 1979\n1981 in Brazil\n1981 deaths\nPeople shot dead by law enforcement officers in Brazil\nBrazilian mass murderers\nYear of birth missing\n1979 murders in Brazil", "meta": {"title": "Luiz Gonzaga Pereira dos Santos", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luiz%20Gonzaga%20Pereira%20dos%20Santos", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Epistephium is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to South America, with a few species in Belize and Trinidad.\n\nEpistephium amabile Schltr.\nEpistephium amplexicaule Poepp. & Endl.\nEpistephium brevicristatum R.E.Schult.\nEpistephium duckei Huber\nEpistephium elatum Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth\nEpistephium ellipticum R.O.Williams & Summerh.   (Belize) \nEpistephium frederici-augusti Rchb.f. & Warsz.\nEpistephium hernandii Garay\nEpistephium lamprophyllum Schltr.\nEpistephium laxiflorum Barb.Rodr.\nEpistephium lobulosum Garay\nEpistephium lucidum Cogn. in C.F.P.von Martius \nEpistephium matogrossense Hoehne\nEpistephium parviflorum Lindl.\nEpistephium portellianum Barb.Rodr.\nEpistephium praestans Hoehne\nEpistephium sclerophyllum Lindl.\nEpistephium sessiliflorum Lindl.\nEpistephium speciosum Barb.Rodr.\nEpistephium subrepens Hoehne\nEpistephium williamsii Hook.f.\n\nSee also \n List of Orchidaceae genera\n\nReferences \n\n Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (1999). Genera Orchidacearum 1. Oxford Univ. Press.\n Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum 2. Oxford Univ. Press.\n Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2003). Genera Orchidacearum 3. Oxford Univ. Press\n Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart\n\nExternal links \n \n \n\nVanilloideae genera\nVanilleae", "meta": {"title": "Epistephium", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistephium", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bollinger est un patronyme germanique, d\u00e9signant une personne habitant ou provenant d'une localit\u00e9 nomm\u00e9e \u00ab Bolling \u00bb ou \u00ab Bollingen \u00bb, et qui peut d\u00e9signer :\n\n Champagne Bollinger, une maison de Champagne fond\u00e9e en 1829\n le comt\u00e9 de Bollinger, un comt\u00e9 de l'\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain du Missouri\n , un parc de l'\u00c9tat du Missouri\n les bandes de Bollinger, un outil d'analyse \u00e9conomique d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par John Bollinger\n La Bollinger B1, automobile de la marque am\u00e9ricaine Bollinger Motors.\n\nPatronyme \n\nDoug Bollinger (1981-),  joueur de cricket australien.\nFriedrich Bollinger (1885-?), joueur de football suisse.\nJohn Bollinger (1950-), analyste financier et \u00e9crivain am\u00e9ricain.\nJoseph Jacob Bollinger (1803-1884), un des fondateurs du Champagne Bollinger.\nLily Bollinger (1899-1977), femme d'affaires fran\u00e7aise, directrice de la maison de champagne Bollinger de 1941 \u00e0 1971.\n\nVoir aussi \n Bollingen\n Bolling\n\nPatronyme germanique\nPatronyme allemand", "meta": {"title": "Bollinger", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollinger", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "S\u00f6rtj\u00e4rnen \u00e4r en sj\u00f6 i Sollefte\u00e5 kommun i \u00c5ngermanland och ing\u00e5r i .\n\nSe \u00e4ven \n Lista \u00f6ver insj\u00f6ar i Sollefte\u00e5 kommun\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \n \n \n\nInsj\u00f6ar i \u00c5ngerman\u00e4lvens avrinningsomr\u00e5de\nInsj\u00f6ar i \u00c5ngermanland\nInsj\u00f6ar i Sollefte\u00e5 kommun", "meta": {"title": "S\u00f6rtj\u00e4rnen (Ramsele socken, \u00c5ngermanland, 705568-150671)", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6rtj%C3%A4rnen%20%28Ramsele%20socken%2C%20%C3%85ngermanland%2C%20705568-150671%29", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Rashad Wright, n\u00e9 le  \u00e0 Statesboro, en G\u00e9orgie, est un joueur am\u00e9ricain de basket-ball. Il \u00e9volue aux postes de meneur et d'arri\u00e8re.\n\nBiographie\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLiens externes \n \n\nJoueur am\u00e9ricain de basket-ball\nNaissance en mars 1982\nJoueur draft\u00e9 par les Pacers de l'Indiana\nJoueur des Bulldogs de la G\u00e9orgie\nJoueur de la Chorale Roanne Basket\nJoueur du Pani\u00f3nios BC\nJoueur du KK Hemofarm\nJoueur du BC Oostende\nJoueur d'Efes Pilsen \u0130stanbul\nJoueur de l'ALBA Berlin\nJoueur du PAOK Salonique (basket-ball)\nNaissance dans le comt\u00e9 de Bulloch\nSportif afro-am\u00e9ricain", "meta": {"title": "Rashad Wright", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashad%20Wright", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Grand Prix automobile d'Italie 2017 (Formula 1 Gran Premio Heineken d'Italia 2017), disput\u00e9 le  sur le circuit de Monza, est la  \u00e9preuve du championnat du monde de Formule 1 courue depuis 1950 o\u00f9 le circuit, situ\u00e9 dans le Parco Reale de Monza et surnomm\u00e9 le Temple de la vitesse, faisait partie des sept pistes utilis\u00e9es pour cette \u00e9dition inaugurale. Il s'agit de la soixante-dix-huiti\u00e8me  \u00e9dition du Grand Prix d'Italie comptant pour le championnat du monde de Formule 1, la soixante-septi\u00e8me se tenant \u00e0 Monza, et de la treizi\u00e8me manche du championnat 2017.\n\nEn r\u00e9alisant, sous la pluie de Monza, sa soixante-neuvi\u00e8me pole position (sa huiti\u00e8me de la saison), Lewis Hamilton devient le nouveau recordman de l'exercice en Formule 1, devant Michael Schumacher. La s\u00e9ance de qualification est interrompue sur drapeau rouge en raison d'un accident de Romain Grosjean, parti en aquaplanage en pleine ligne droite apr\u00e8s seulement quelques minutes dans la premi\u00e8re phase. Report\u00e9e de quart d'heure en quart d'heure, la session ne reprend qu'apr\u00e8s plus de deux heures et est enti\u00e8rement domin\u00e9e par Hamilton. Lors de la troisi\u00e8me phase, alors que la pluie a redoubl\u00e9, les pilotes les plus rapides en pneus pluie (marquage bleu) sont les deux co\u00e9quipiers chez Red Bull Racing, Max Verstappen et Daniel Ricciardo, \u00e0 plus d'une seconde du pilote Mercedes. Ils ne tirent toutefois pas profit de leurs belles performances \u00e0 la suite de nombreuses p\u00e9nalit\u00e9s pour des changements d'\u00e9l\u00e9ments de leurs groupes propulseurs qui les repoussent en fond de grille. Le d\u00e9butant canadien Lance Stroll, auteur du quatri\u00e8me temps, profite de leur recul pour s'\u00e9lancer, pour la premi\u00e8re fois de sa carri\u00e8re, en premi\u00e8re ligne. Esteban Ocon, initialement cinqui\u00e8me, occupe la deuxi\u00e8me ligne avec Valtteri Bottas. Les pilotes Ferrari \u00e0 la peine sur la piste d\u00e9tremp\u00e9e de Monza, r\u00e9alisent les septi\u00e8me et huiti\u00e8me temps mais s'\u00e9lancent en troisi\u00e8me ligne, Kimi R\u00e4ikk\u00f6nen devant Sebastian Vettel.\n\nLes Mercedes W08 se montrent tr\u00e8s largement au-dessus du lot lors de la course, disput\u00e9e sous un temps ensoleill\u00e9. Ainsi, tandis que Lewis Hamilton s'envole d\u00e8s le d\u00e9part pour un v\u00e9ritable cavalier seul, Valtteri Bottas ne met que trois tours pour acc\u00e9der la deuxi\u00e8me place et assurer un nouveau doubl\u00e9 des Fl\u00e8ches d'Argent, que plus personne ne revoit. Hamilton s'adjuge la  victoire de sa carri\u00e8re, sa sixi\u00e8me de la saison. Alors que la Scuderia Ferrari affiche \u00e0 Monza le chiffre 70 pour f\u00eater l'anniversaire de sa cr\u00e9ation en 1947, Sebastian Vettel termine sur la troisi\u00e8me marche du podium, \u00e0 plus de 30 secondes des Mercedes. Seizi\u00e8me sur la grille de d\u00e9part et tr\u00e8s rapide au volant de sa Red Bull RB13, Daniel Ricciardo, auteur du meilleur tour en fin d'\u00e9preuve, effectue plusieurs d\u00e9passements tranchants, le dernier sur Kimi R\u00e4ikk\u00f6nen en bout de ligne droite au quaranti\u00e8me tour, pour prendre la quatri\u00e8me place. Parti du troisi\u00e8me rang sur la grille et auteur d'un excellent d\u00e9part qui lui permet d'\u00eatre deuxi\u00e8me au premier virage, Esteban Ocon contient jusqu'au bout les Williams FW40 de Lance Stroll et Felipe Massa pour se classer sixi\u00e8me. Sergio P\u00e9rez finit juste derri\u00e8re eux, au neuvi\u00e8me rang alors que Max Verstappen, repouss\u00e9 loin du peloton apr\u00e8s un accrochage et une crevaison au premier tour, remonte \u00e0 la dixi\u00e8me place, \u00e0 un tour du vainqueur.\n\nHamilton s'empare, pour la premi\u00e8re fois de la saison, de la t\u00eate du championnat avec 238 points et devance Vettel de 3 points (235 points) ; suivent Bottas (197 points), Ricciardo (144 points), R\u00e4ikk\u00f6nen (138 points), Verstappen (68 points) et P\u00e9rez (58 points). Mercedes, avec 435 points, conserve la t\u00eate du championnat devant Ferrari (373 points) et Red Bull Racing (212 points) ; suivent Force India (113 points), Williams (55 points), Scuderia Toro Rosso (40 points), Haas (35 points), Renault (34 points), McLaren (11 points) et Sauber (5 points).\n\nPneus disponibles\n\nEssais libres\n\nPremi\u00e8re s\u00e9ance, le vendredi de 10 h \u00e0 11 h 30\n\nDeuxi\u00e8me s\u00e9ance, le vendredi de 14 h \u00e0 15 h 30\n\nTroisi\u00e8me s\u00e9ance, le samedi de 11 h \u00e0 12 h \n\nDe fortes pr\u00e9cipitations noient le circuit de Monza et la piste n'est pas ouverte pour ces troisi\u00e8mes essais libres avant les seize derni\u00e8res minutes de la s\u00e9ance. Sur un trac\u00e9 inond\u00e9, et chauss\u00e9s de pneus pluie (marquage bleu), sept pilotes seulement bouclent un tour complet, les autres se contentant de simples tours de reconnaissance achev\u00e9s en reprenant la voie des stands sans passer par la ligne de chronom\u00e9trage.\n\nS\u00e9ance de qualifications\n\nR\u00e9sultats des qualifications\n\nGrille de d\u00e9part \nInitialement non-qualifi\u00e9 apr\u00e8s son accident durant la premi\u00e8re phase des qualifications, Romain Grosjean est autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 prendre le d\u00e9part depuis la  et derni\u00e8re place de la grille.\nFernando Alonso, auteur du treizi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de 35 places sur la grille de d\u00e9part apr\u00e8s le changement de diff\u00e9rents \u00e9l\u00e9ments de son groupe propulseur ; il s'\u00e9lance de la  place \u00e0 la suite du rep\u00eachage de Grosjean.\nStoffel Vandoorne, auteur du dixi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de 25 places sur la grille de d\u00e9part en raison de l'installation de ses dixi\u00e8mes MGU-H et turbocompresseur et de ses septi\u00e8mes MGU-K et moteur \u00e0 combustion interne ; il s'\u00e9lance finalement de la  place.\nJolyon Palmer, auteur du dix-septi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de quinze places ; il part finalement du  rang.\nDaniel Ricciardo, auteur du troisi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de 25 places sur la grille de d\u00e9part apr\u00e8s le changement de son groupe propulseur et de sa bo\u00eete de vitesses ; il s'\u00e9lance finalement de la  place.\n Carlos Sainz, auteur du quinzi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de 10 places sur la grille de d\u00e9part ; \u00e0 la suite des diverses autres p\u00e9nalisations, il s'\u00e9lance de la  place.\nNico H\u00fclkenberg, auteur du douzi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de dix places ; il s'\u00e9lance finalement de la  place.\nMax Verstappen, auteur du deuxi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de quinze places ; il part finalement du  rang sur la grille.\nSergio P\u00e9rez, auteur du onzi\u00e8me temps, est p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 d'un recul de cinq places ; il part finalement du  rang sur la grille.\n\nCourse\n\nClassement de la course\n\nPole position et record du tour \n Pole position :  Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) en 1 min 35 s 554 ().\n Meilleur tour en course :  Daniel Ricciardo (Red Bull-TAG Heuer) en  1 min 23 s 361 () au quarante-neuvi\u00e8me tour.\n\nTours en t\u00eate \n  Lewis Hamilton : 51 tours (1-31 / 34-53).\n  Valtteri Bottas : 2 tours (32-33).\n\nClassements g\u00e9n\u00e9raux \u00e0 l'issue de la course\n\nStatistiques \n\nLe Grand Prix d'Italie 2017 repr\u00e9sente :\n la  pole position de Lewis Hamilton, ce qui constitue un nouveau record en Formule 1 ;\n la  victoire de Lewis Hamilton ;\n la  victoire de Mercedes en tant que constructeur ;\n la  victoire de Mercedes en tant que motoriste ;\nLe  doubl\u00e9 de l'\u00e9curie Mercedes Grand Prix.\n\nAu cours de ce Grand Prix :\n Lance Stroll devient le plus jeune pilote de Formule 1 \u00e0 se qualifier sur la premi\u00e8re ligne de la grille de d\u00e9part d'un Grand Prix. Il bat de 23 jours le pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent record qui appartenait \u00e0 Sebastian Vettel. Le Canadien, auteur du quatri\u00e8me temps des qualifications, part deuxi\u00e8me \u00e0 la suite des p\u00e9nalisations des pilotes Red Bull Racing qui le pr\u00e9c\u00e9daient.\n Valtteri Bottas passe la barre des 600 points inscrits en Formule 1 (608 points) ;\n Daniel Ricciardo est \u00e9lu \u00ab Pilote du jour \u00bb lors d'un vote organis\u00e9 sur le site officiel de la Formule 1 ;\n Emanuele Pirro (37 d\u00e9parts en Grands Prix de Formule 1, 3 points inscrits entre 1989 et 1991 et quintuple vainqueur des 24 Heures du Mans en 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006 et 2007) est nomm\u00e9 conseiller aupr\u00e8s des commissaires de course par la FIA pour les aider dans leurs jugements.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nLien externe \n\n2017\nSport en Italie en 2017\nItalie\nSport en septembre 2017", "meta": {"title": "Grand Prix automobile d'Italie 2017", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20Prix%20automobile%20d%27Italie%202017", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\"Fast as You\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Dwight Yoakam.  It was released in October 1993 as the third single from his album This Time.  Like his previous two singles, this song topped out at #2 in the United States, while it peaked at #5 in Canada. This is his last American top 10 hit to date, while he'd have three more in Canada, including another number-one. This is also his second single to enter the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #70 on that chart.\n\nCountry music duo Steel Magnolia recorded a live version of the song, which is included in their 2010 extended play, Steel Magnolia \u2014 EP. Trio Runaway June also recorded a cover of the song, which appears on their self-titled 2018 EP and their debut album Blue Roses.\n\nMusic video\nThe music video was directed by Dwight Yoakam and Carolyn Mayer. It features Yoakam singing the song at a concert.\n\nChart performance\n\"Fast as You\" debuted at number 72 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 3, 1993.\n\nYear-end charts\n\nReferences\n\n1993 singles\n1993 songs\nDwight Yoakam songs\nSteel Magnolia songs\nRunaway June songs\nSongs written by Dwight Yoakam\nReprise Records singles\nSong recordings produced by Pete Anderson", "meta": {"title": "Fast as You", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast%20as%20You", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mir Khasim Ali born in Hyderabad, A.P. was India's Men's Singles Champion in table tennis from 1968 to 1969. He was awarded the Arjuna award.\n\nCareer\n\nAli began playing table tennis in 1960 at the age of 11.  He was the National Junior Champion in 1963, the National Senior Champion in 1968 and 1969, runner-up in the Commonwealth Championships of the Afro-Asian Championships in 1971 and a member of the Indian T.T. team from 1966 to 1973.\n\nHis first trip abroad representing India was to East Africa in 1966.  Also in 1966 in Sri Lanka (Ceylon as it was then called) where the South Zone Inter-University Championships were held. Khasim represented Osmania University, which lost in the finals to Bombay University, thanks to U.S. Gurjar who pulled off an upset win over Khasim.\n\nGurjar repeated the feat in the Madras Nationals in December 1966. He was National Champion in 1968 and 1969 and runner-up in 1970.  In 1971 he met Zhou Enlai and was present during the Ping Pong Diplomacy between China and the United States.  During his heyday, Andhra Pradesh reached the finals of the National team events on nine occasions, winning the title once, and until 1973 he was an automatic choice in the Indian team.\n\nExternal links\nV. BALAJI - Souvenir of the Mir Khasim Ali Table Tennis Benefit Tournament, April 1985, by Iqbal Ali\n\nKhasim\nRecipients of the Arjuna Award\nLiving people\nYear of birth missing (living people)", "meta": {"title": "Mir Khasim Ali", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir%20Khasim%20Ali", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Miedniewice (prononciation : ) est un village polonais de la gmina de Wiskitki dans le powiat de \u017byrard\u00f3w de la vo\u00efvodie de Mazovie dans le centre-est de la Pologne.\n\nIl se situe \u00e0 environ 7 kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 l'ouest de Wiskitki (si\u00e8ge de la gmina), 10 kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 l'ouest de \u017byrard\u00f3w (si\u00e8ge de la Powiat) et \u00e0 50 kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 l'ouest de Varsovie (capitale de la Pologne).\n\nLe village poss\u00e8de approximativement une population de 515 habitants.\n\nHistoire \nDe 1975 \u00e0 1998, le village appartenait administrativement \u00e0 la vo\u00efvodie de Skierniewice.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nVillage dans la vo\u00efvodie de Mazovie\nPowiat de \u017byrard\u00f3w", "meta": {"title": "Miedniewice (Mazovie)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miedniewice%20%28Mazovie%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Jennifer Ferrin (Lawrenceville, 25 februari 1979) is een actrice die in de Verenigde Staten bekend werd door de rol van Jennifer Munson in de soapserie As the World Turns. Ze speelde deze rol van 2003 tot en met 2006. \n\nIn 2007 speelde Jennifer Ferrin een gastrol in de televisie-serie The Kill Point als Chloe.\n\nCarri\u00e8re\n\nVaste Rollen\n As the World Turns - Jennifer Munson (2003-2006)\n\nGastrollen\n Dawson's Creek - Betsie (2002)\n The Locket - Esther (2002)\n Rescue Me - Sara (2006)\n 3Lbs - Penny Marx (2006)\n The Kill Point - Chloe (2007)\n Life on Mars - Ruth Tyler (2008)\n The Blacklist - Anna McMahon (2019)\n\nAmerikaans acteur", "meta": {"title": "Jennifer Ferrin", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer%20Ferrin", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0420\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0435\u043d \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u045a\u0430:\n \u0420\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0435\u043d (\u0410\u0458\u043e\u0432\u0430)\n \u0420\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0435\u043d (\u040a\u0443\u0458\u043e\u0440\u043a)", "meta": {"title": "\u0420\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0435\u043d", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Affassallat bezeichnet:\n Affassallat (Inselgruppe, bei Kangaamiut), Inselgruppe im Distrikt Maniitsoq, Gr\u00f6nland\n Affassallat (Inselgruppe, bei Maniitsoq), Inselgruppe im Distrikt Maniitsoq, Gr\u00f6nland", "meta": {"title": "Affassallat", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affassallat", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hamdi Qandil ( \u1e24amd\u012b Qand\u012bl, also Romanized Qandeel or Kandil; 1936 \u2013 31 October 2018) was a prominent Egyptian journalist, news anchor, talk show host and activist. Qandil started his journalism career in the 1950s when he wrote for the Akher Sa'a (\"Last Hour\") magazine at the invitation of veteran journalist Mustafa Amin. In 1961 he began broadcasting a news show called Aqwal al-Suhuf (\"In the Press\") until 1969 when he was appointed director of the Arab Broadcasting Studios Union. In 1971 he left his post in protest at a government inspection of his technical staff. He later worked with UNESCO from 1974 to 1986, specializing in the field of international media. In 1987 he co-founded a satellite broadcasting company that later became known as MBC, where he worked for three months before leaving because of political differences with its management. Qandil briefly presented the show Ma'a Hamdi Qandil (\"With Hamdi Qandil\") for ART, but left amid disagreements between him and his managers regarding Qandil's planned interviews with Muammar Gaddafi and Tariq Aziz.\n\nHe returned to Egyptian television in 1998, hosting the current affairs and press review talk show Ra'is el-Tahrir (\"Editor-in-Chief\"). The program became one of the most popular and respected in Egypt. After apparent trouble with the state censors, Qandil moved the show to Dubai TV in 2004 under the name Qalam Rosas (\"Pencil\"). The new program was highly watched throughout the Arab world. He was forced to quit Dubai TV after criticizing Arab governments and subsequently hosted the show on the Libyan channel Al-Libiya for two months before the Libyan government cancelled it. He returned to Egypt and wrote for the Al-Masry Al-Youm newspaper and then Al-Shorouk, but his association with the latter ended as a result of a libel suit brought on by then-Egyptian foreign minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit in response to a column critical of Egyptian foreign policy written by Qandil in May 2010. The case was later dropped following the 2011 Egyptian Revolution.\n\nQandil was well known for his pan-Arabist discourse and fierce criticism of the Egyptian and other Arab governments.  According to Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies political analyst Diaa Rashwan, Qandil \"is a great Egyptian journalist and highly credible, he is bold and gives constructive criticism ... people listen to him and take what he says seriously, which is why he poses a threat\" to the government. Prior to the Egyptian revolution, Qandil co-founded the National Association for Change, a reformist group headed by Mohamed ElBaradei. From September 2012, Qandil had lent his support to the Egyptian Popular Current opposition movement.\n\nEarly life\n\nChildhood\nQandil was born in Cairo in 1936 to a father from Menoufia. He was the eldest of five children. Qandil spent much of his childhood and had his primary schooling in the Nile Delta city of Tanta. His father had moved the middle-income family to that city, where he owned a few feddans of land mostly planted with pears and grapes. Qandil's father primarily distributed them to neighbors and others close to him.\n\nDuring Qandil's boyhood, he borrowed and read books from a medical practice and a culture and sporting association in Tanta on a near weekly basis. He also learned field hockey there. Qandil was at the top of his class throughout his later school years and initially sought to enter the medical profession, a typical career aspiration for students with high marks. His mother particularly encouraged him to become a doctor. Qandil simultaneously took an interest in writing, Arabic calligraphy and foreign languages.\n\nJournalism career and education\nQandil was introduced to journalism when he began writing a secondary school research paper. During that time, he also wrote an article for the low-budget Tanta newspaper Al Ikhlas, criticizing King Farouk for spending one million pounds from the treasury to purchase a yacht called the \"Mahrousa\". He was fired soon after, but had since grown fond of journalism. Due to this new interest and his father's increasingly poor health, Qandil did not complete the first stage of his medical studies, causing his 1952 application to medical school to be rejected. He instead enrolled in the department of geology at Alexandria University. In July of that year, King Farouk was overthrown by a group of dissenting officers led by Gamal Abdel Nasser, leading to the subsequent establishment of a republican system under the presidency of leading officer Muhammad Naguib.\n\nQandil spent two months studying geology and decided to retake his high school examinations in order to enter into medical school. He performed well and was admitted to Cairo University's Qasr El-Ainy Faculty of Medicine in 1953. He continued in his studies until 1956, by which time Nasser had become president. During this period he also joined the National Guard. Together with some of his fellow students he founded his college's official magazine, which they printed through the Akhbar el-Yom publishing house. The magazine's first edition was confiscated due to an article Qandil wrote that was critical of university professors and regulations. Shortly after completing his final exams in 1956, Qandil was offered a writing position with Akher Sa'a (\"Last Hour\") magazine by its owners, the prominent journalists and brothers Mustafa Amin and Ali Amin. Mustafa employed Qandil with a salary of 15 Egyptian pounds and initially tasked him with writing the horoscope and a column that responded to letters from readers. Qandil was asked by Amin to serve as an editor for Akher Sa'a in 1961.\n\nThat year Qandil also attended the International Union of Students in Prague, Czechoslovakia, where he met Yasser Arafat, then the head of the General Union of Palestinian Students. Later in 1956 Qandil was accepted into the department of journalism, obtaining a license (bachelor's degree) in journalism in 1960. Four years later he received a diploma in journalism from the Berlin Institute. Throughout this period he wrote for the magazine Al-Tahrir, earning a salary of 25 Egyptian pounds, and also worked with Al-Jamahir magazine in Damascus.\n\nCareer in television and the UN\nIn 1961 Qandil began to work in broadcast television as the presenter of the program Aqwal al-Suhf (\"In the Press\"). In 1966 he became a media adviser to a television studio in Jordan, a role which ended after six weeks; the single broadcast of Aqwal al-Suhuf in Jordan was met with consternation from the Jordanian royal government and after Qandil was notified of this disapproval, he immediately returned to Egypt where he continued presenting the program. His position in Aqwal al-Suhuf ended in 1969 with his appointment as director of the Arab Broadcasting Stations Union (ABSU).\n\nIn early May 1971 Qandil left the ABSU after refusing to launch a disciplinary investigation of the technical team that recorded the Labor Day speech given by Anwar Sadat, who became president following Nasser's death in 1970. He left at a time when numerous broadcasters and media personalities were removed from their positions during Sadat's Corrective Revolution. However, he briefly returned to television in 1973 to announce Egypt's claimed victory in the Yom Kippur War with Israel in October of that year.\n\nQandil was appointed manager of the Department of the Free Flow of Information and Communication Policies for UNESCO in 1974. In an interview with Al-Ahram Weekly, Qandil stated that while at UNESCO he \"specialised in satellite communications and published several books and studies\" dealing with global media and broadcasting. During this time he strongly pushed to include Palestine as a member and attempted to remove the United States, the United Kingdom and Singapore from the organization. According to his own account, he was also able to master the English and French languages, and gain experience in diplomacy. He left UNESCO in 1986.\n\nTogether with partners from Egypt and the Arab world, Qandil co-founded the Eastern Satellite Communications Company in 1987. Its main purpose was to serve broadcasting station that would target Arabic-speaking communities in the Western world and to counter what Qandil perceived as Western bias in global media. However, in 1992, as a result of financial difficulties the company was sold and subsequently became the Middle East Broadcasting Center (MBC). Qandil worked at MBC for roughly three months until he quit, citing political differences with the station's managers, who considered him a Nasserist. That same year, he was offered to host his own show at Arab Radio and Television (ART), but initially opted to work on a project setting up a private Egyptian station for Al-Ahram. The station was not launched and Qandil took up a position at ART in 1996 where he hosted his own show called With Hamdi Qandil. Qandil's arrangements to interview Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi on the anniversary of the 1969 coup that brought him to power, and also Tariq Aziz, the vice president of Iraq at the time, aroused controversy among ART's managers. He quit thereafter.\n\nRa'is el-Tahrir and Qalam Rosas\nIn 1998 Qandil responded favorably to the invitation of Safwat El-Sherif, the Information Minister in Hosni Mubarak's government, to return to Egyptian television. In March his program Ra'is el-Tahrir (\"Editor-in-Chief\") began airing. Qandil stated he returned to Egyptian television because he felt he owed \"a debt of gratitude to the institution that built my fame when I was in my twenties. Also, working in Egypt is more immediately rewarding than anywhere else.\" With the relaxation of media restrictions during this period, Ra'is el-Tahrir became one of the most popular and respected television programs in Egypt. Describing the relative freedom afforded to the media, Qandil stated in 2001 that the situation was an improvement from when he first began the program, but \"as long as there remains a censor, we will continue to ask for more [freedom of expression].\"\n\nRa'is el-Tahrir was intended to serve as a weekly review of the pan-Arab press, but in practice the program became a medium through which Qandil expressed his opinions on various issues confronting Egypt and the Arab world, views which he claimed were representative of the popular Egyptian sentiment. Al-Ahram Weekly\u2032s Amina Elbandary wrote that during the show, Qandil spoke \"in histrionic style, his commentary replete with daring questions and remarks. Viewers are fascinated by his apparent lack of inhibition.\"\n\nIn the wake of the Second Intifada, the Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation that began in 2000, the show became dominated by the conflict, which Qandil generally regarded as a campaign of Israeli aggression. He frequently broadcast the Israeli military's actions during the Intifada and called for viewers to support the uprising and boycott Israeli products. Qandil responded to a query regarding his extensive coverage of the Intifada by saying, \"How are news shows expected to react to events such as the Intifada? Are we supposed to keep silent?\"\n\nRa'is el-Tahrir later moved to Dream TV, an Egypt-based television station. Qandil continued to express his frustrations regarding the Israel and the Intifada, the run-up to the invasion of Iraq, and what he perceived as the United States' maligned intentions for the Middle East. According to author and researcher Andrew Hammond, \"The show's combination of current affairs, press reviews and talk-shows became the most talked-about television in Egypt since Al-Jazeera's al-Ittijah al-Mu'akis.\" His show on Dream TV was cancelled abruptly in early 2003 amid rumors that he had been crossing political red lines during his broadcasts, including stinging criticism of the government of Hosni Mubarak. This reasoning was dismissed by Dream TV manager Sanaa Mansour, who stated that Qandil had not been let go, was free to express himself and left the show without offering an explanation to management.\n\nIn 2004 Qandil moved to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) began hosting a program on Dubai TV called Qalam Rosas (\"Pencil\"). The program was virtually a continuation of Ra'is al-Tahrir, a highly watched show dealing with the Arab world's major political, economic and social affairs of the day. Qalam Rosas would normally open with Qandil interviewing an Arab intellectual and discussing a current event. The show would then continue to a round table discussion with other journalists analyzing various social and political events and movements concerning the citizens of the Arab world. At its closing, Qandil would summarize the show with a well-known maxim or saying. The London-based Arab Media Watch organization awarded Qandil the 2006 Media Accomplishment Award to commend him for his \"creativity and participation in the media world\" over the course of his five decade career. In 2008 Qandil was forced to leave Dubai TV for criticizing Arab leaders, while commending Hassan Nasrallah, the secretary-general of the Lebanese political party and paramilitary group Hezbollah.\n\nAfter his departure from Dubai TV he entered into a contract with Al-Libia, although he only remained with the Libyan channel for two months. Qandil's show was cancelled when the state-owned Al Jamahiriya Radio's General Authority took control of the channel. There was no official reason for the cancellation, but Qandil stated it was because of  \"instructions from high-ranking Libyan officials due to pressures from Egypt\". He was reportedly offered to present Qalam Rosas on the Hezbollah-linked Al-Manar TV in early 2009, but opted not to join citing an unclear situation regarding his contract with Al-Libia.\n\nPolitical activism and Aboul Gheit lawsuit\nAfter his brief stint on Al-Libia, Qandil returned to Egypt to write for the newspaper Al-Masry Al-Youm in 2008 and later began writing for Al-Shorouk. He co-founded and served as the media spokesman for National Association for Change (NAC) headed by Mohamed ElBaradei in early 2010. The NAC's stated purpose is push for democratic and other reforms in Egypt. In May Egyptian foreign minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit brought a lawsuit for libel against Qandil in response to a critical column about Aboul Gheit and Egyptian foreign policy that Qandil wrote for Al-Shorouk, called \"The Homeland\u2019s Disgrace and that of the Citizen.\" In the column Qandil lambasted the contradictory statements made by Aboul Gheit and Egypt's ambassador to Israel, in which the latter said Israel was a friendly state, while Aboul Gheit had just previously stated that Israel was an enemy. Qandil wrote that the ambassador sought to cover up Aboul Gheit's statement, and that Aboul Gheit's words \"usually ... fall from his mouth like droppings of a torn rubbish bag\". The matter was transferred to the criminal court. His relationship with Al-Shorouk consequently ended as a result of the controversy.\n\nIn June 2010 Qandil quit his position as the NAC's media spokesman. He did not give an official reason for resigning, but was reportedly upset that ElBaradei was frequently outside of Egypt. In mid-December Qandil appeared in court and his defense team, which included his brother Assem and Gamal Eid requested that the \"biased\" court quit and that the case be transferred to a civil jurisdiction. On 24 January 2011 the court refused the referral and also refused to summon Aboul Gheit at the request of Qandil's defense team. On 25 January mass demonstrations demanding President Hosni Mubarak's downfall erupted across Egypt, eventually overthrowing the government, including Aboul Gheit, on 11 February. In April Aboul Gheit dropped the lawsuit. According to Hafez Abu Seada of the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights, the revolution was the clear reason Aboul Gheit withdrew the suit, and had it not occurred, \"the court could have handed [Qandil] a prison sentence.\"\n\nPolitical views\nQandil described himself as a supporter of Nasserism, which he defined not as a political affiliation, but rather an ideal of \"social justice\" and \"national liberation\" that \"goes beyond generation and class\". He did not join any of Egypt's Nasserist political parties or organizations, but viewed the era of late president Nasser as a period in which his \"generation was taught self-respect, national pride and the courage to stand up against the great powers\". Qandil was described by Hammond as a \"secular-nationalist ... embodying the 'conscience of the Arab nation'\".\n\nIn a 1999 interview Qandil stated his view that the pan-Arab media was not able to counter what he perceived as the influence of Zionism in American media and that the state of Arab media reflected the state of stagnation in the Arab world in general. Qandil was vociferously opposed to United States foreign policy in the Middle East. He referred to the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 as the \"biggest modern disaster for the Arabs since 1948,\" the year in which the newly established state of Israel defeated a coalition of Arab armies, causing a mass exodus of Palestinians from their homes.\n\nQandil supported the 2011 Egyptian revolution and called for Mubarak to step down from the start of the protests. In a lecture to students from the American University of Cairo in early March 2011, Qandil hailed the young protesters who started the revolution as \"brave\" and expressed hope that it would open an era of democracy and press freedom in Egypt. During the 2012 Egyptian presidential election, Qandil endorsed Nasserist candidate Hamdeen Sabahi after the Revolutionary Youth Coalition (RYC) announced their support for him. In late September 2012, during the post-revolution period in Egypt during Mohamed Morsi's presidency, Qandil announced his support for the Egyptian Popular Current movement founded by Sabahi. At the inaugural conference, Qandil stated that \"a major political battle\" would soon be launched for the next parliamentary elections and that Egypt's diverse make-up could never be changed.\n\nPersonal life and Death\nQandil met and married Egyptian actress Naglaa Fathi in 1992. He was married twice before. Fathi said of Qandil \"He is the first man who has fascinated me. It is not easy to bewitch me, but he did. I feel like a student when I'm with him: I discover new qualities in him every day,\" while Qandil said he felt an \"immediate chemical bond\" with Naglaa.\n\nQandil died on 31 October 2018 after a long illness, aged 82.\n\nReferences\n\nBibliography\n\n1936 births\n2018 deaths\nAlexandria University alumni\nCairo University alumni\nEgyptian activists\nEgyptian Arab nationalists\nEgyptian dissidents\nEgyptian journalists\nEgyptian revolutionaries\nEgyptian socialists\nEgyptian television presenters\nNasserists\nMass media people from Cairo\nPeople from Tanta\nPeople of the Egyptian revolution of 2011", "meta": {"title": "Hamdi Qandil", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamdi%20Qandil", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Faro Pentatuch is the first printed book published in Portugal, printed in 1487.\n\nIt was printed in Hebrew, and published by a Jew, Samuel Gacon in Faro, in southern Portugal, after he had fled from the Spanish Inquisition.\n\nThe only surviving copy is in the British Library in London.\n\nSee also\n Hebrew incunabula\n\nReferences\n\nIncunabula", "meta": {"title": "Faro Pentatuch", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faro%20Pentatuch", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Rafufa vagy magyarul kir\u00e1lym\u00f3kus a m\u00f3kusf\u00e9l\u00e9k (Sciuridae) csal\u00e1dj\u00e1n bel\u00fcl a kir\u00e1lym\u00f3kusform\u00e1k alcsal\u00e1dj\u00e1nak egyetlen neme, melyhez n\u00e9gy faj tartozik.\n\nEl\u0151fordul\u00e1suk \n\nA Rafufa nem fajai D\u00e9l- \u00e9s D\u00e9lkelet-\u00c1zsi\u00e1ban fordulnak el\u0151.\n\nFajok \n\nA Ratufa nemnek 4 ma \u00e9l\u0151 faja van:\n\nszundai kir\u00e1lym\u00f3kus (Ratufa affinis) Raffles, 1821\nk\u00e9tsz\u00edn\u0171 kir\u00e1lym\u00f3kus (Ratufa bicolor) Sparrman, 1778\nindiai kir\u00e1lym\u00f3kus (Ratufa indica) Erxleben, 1777 - t\u00edpusfaj\nhossz\u00fafark\u00fa kir\u00e1lym\u00f3kus (Ratufa macroura) Pennant, 1769\n\nForr\u00e1sok \nITIS szerinti rendszerbesorol\u00e1s\nMammal Species of the World. Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed). \n\nEml\u0151snemek\n\u00c1zsia eml\u0151sei\nM\u00f3kusf\u00e9l\u00e9k\nR\u00e1gcs\u00e1l\u00f3nemzets\u00e9gek, nemek", "meta": {"title": "Ratufa", "url": "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratufa", "language": "hu", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Johannes Wagner (* 9. Dezember 1914 in Falkenstein; \u2020 15. Juli 1980 ebenda) war ein autodidaktischer deutscher Maler und Kunsthandwerker mit regionaler Bedeutung f\u00fcr das Vogtland.\n\nLeben und Werk \nJohannes Wagner war das sechste Kind einer Arbeiterfamilie. Nach dem Besuch der Grundschule in Falkenstein machte er in Chemnitz eine Lehre als Dekorateur und Gebrauchswerber im Kaufhaus Schocken. Er zeigte schon als Kind malerisches Talent und Interesse und bet\u00e4tigte sich seitdem als Autodidakt k\u00fcnstlerisch. Ein Kunststudium kam aus finanziellen Gr\u00fcnden nicht in Frage. Wagner wurde zum Arbeitsdienst in Preu\u00dfen und zum Wehrdienst in der Wehrmacht in Mei\u00dfen einberufen. Ab 1939 nahm er als Soldat am Zweiten Weltkrieg teil. 1945 geriet er in US-amerikanische Gefangenschaft. W\u00e4hrend des Krieges in Polen, Frankreich und der Sowjetunion sowie in der Kriegsgefangenschaft bet\u00e4tigte er sich weiter k\u00fcnstlerisch.\n\n1945 kam Wagner nach Falkenstein zur\u00fcck. Er arbeitete als freischaffender Kunsthandwerker und K\u00fcnstler und verdiente den Lebensunterhalt m\u00fchsam mit dem Schnitzen von Figuren, Tellern und Leuchtern sowie dem Malen von Kino- und Werbeplakaten f\u00fcr Gesch\u00e4fte, Schaufensterdekorationen und Transparenten sowie Aush\u00e4ngen f\u00fcr die sowjetische Kommandantur und \u00f6rtliche Organe.\n\n1952 wurde Wagner in den Verband Bildender K\u00fcnstler der DDR aufgenommen. Damit erhielt er die M\u00f6glichkeit zum Erwerb hochwertiger \u00d6lfarben. \u201eNach und nach entwickelte er seine typische pastose Malweise, bei der \u00d6lfarbe im z\u00e4hfl\u00fcssigen Zustand mit Spachtel oder Pinsel so dick aufgetragen wird, dass die Farben reliefartig auf dem Malgrund stehen. Also eine typische Malweise der Impressionisten.\u201c Er schuf  mit Vorliebe kleinformatige \u00d6lbilder.\n\nIn den 1950er Jahren unternahm Wagner Reisen in die Bundesrepublik, nach \u00d6sterreich und in die Schweiz, nach dem Bau der Mauer nach Ungarn, in die \u010cSSR und die Sowjetunion. Dabei schuf er eine Vielzahl von Skizzen, die er danach in Aquarelle und \u00d6lgem\u00e4lde umsetzte. Seit den 1960er Jahren erhielt Wagner Auftr\u00e4ge von Institutionen und Betrieben, insbesondere f\u00fcr gro\u00dffl\u00e4chige Wandbilder, Fresken, Mosaik- und Metallarbeiten. Es entstanden Werke u. a. in den Bahnhofshallen Falkenstein und Adorf, in Schulen (darunter in Rothenkirchen, Auerbach und Bad Elster), in Kirchen und Ferienheimen, im Kulturhaus Beerheide und in der Sternwarte Rodewisch, die zumeist nicht mehr existieren. Zum Malen begab sich Wagner auf Gro\u00dfbaustellen seiner vogtl\u00e4ndischen Heimat, u. a. zu den Talsperren P\u00f6hl und Falkenstein. Er leitete mehrere Malzirkel in Betrieben und beim Kulturbund der DDR in Auerbach und Klingenthal.\u00a0Wagner war an mehreren lokalen und regionalen Ausstellungen beteiligt, u. a. 1974 und 1979 an den Bezirkskunstausstellungen Karl-Marx-Stadt.\n\nWagner hat speziell im Vogtland regionale Bedeutung. Das Vogtlandmuseum Plauen zeigt drei seiner Bilder in der st\u00e4ndigen Vogtl\u00e4ndischen Kunstausstellung.\n\nPostume Ausstellung \n\n 2015: Falkenstein, Galerie im Falkensteiner Schloss (zum 100. Geburtstag)\n\nLiteratur \n\n Dietmar Eisold: Lexikon K\u00fcnstler in der DDR. Neues Leben, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-355-01761-9, S. 993.\n\nWeblinks \n\n Johannes Wagner. beim Kunstf\u00f6rderverein falkart e.V.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nMaler (Deutschland)\nKunsthandwerker (Deutschland)\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1914\nGestorben 1980\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Johannes Wagner (Maler)", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes%20Wagner%20%28Maler%29", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The North Berwick Golf Club (NBGC), at North Berwick, East Lothian, was founded in 1832. It is the 13th oldest golf club in the world and only St Andrews hosts a club which has played continuously over the same course for longer. Although the NBGC was the first club in the world to allow female members, full membership rights were only granted to ladies in 2005. The club is based at the North Berwick West Links golf course.\n\nThe West Links Course at North Berwick is a true links course located on the edge of the Firth of Forth.  It is a championship course that has hosted many events over the years, including Final Qualifying for The Open Championship and the men's and women's Amateur Championships. Golf has been played over the historic West Links course since the 17th century. The 15th hole on the West Links, known as Redan, has been replicated at many courses around the world, with architects Charles B. Macdonald and Seth Raynor being most associated with the design.\n\nCourse Layout\n\nReferences\n\nGolf clubs and courses in East Lothian\nSports clubs established in 1832\n1832 establishments in Scotland\nNorth Berwick", "meta": {"title": "North Berwick Golf Club", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Berwick%20Golf%20Club", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Cos Cob art colony was a group of artists, many of them American Impressionists, who gathered during the summer months in and around Cos Cob, a section of Greenwich, Connecticut, from about 1890 to about 1920. \n\nIn a joking reference to their predilection for painting views of the vernacular architecture, group member Childe Hassam nicknamed the art colony \"the Cos Cob Clapboard School of Art.\"\n\nHistory\nArtists had been coming to Greenwich to paint since the 1870s, but the art colony began to form when John Henry Twachtman settled in Greenwich in 1889.  The town was only a short train ride from New York City, yet retained a rural character that appealed to artists. Many of Twachtman's friends came to visit him at his home; among them were Hassam, J. Alden Weir, Theodore Robinson, Henry Fitch Taylor, and Robert Reid.  For longer stays, they boarded at the Holley House (now known as the Bush-Holley House), a rambling old saltbox overlooking Cos Cob's small harbor.  \n\nDuring the winter, Twachtman and Weir taught at the Art Students League of New York.  Probably beginning in 1890, Twachtman established summer art classes in Cos Cob; Weir taught with him in 1892 and 1893.  Many of the summer students were enrolled at the Art Students League.  Among the artists who first visited Cos Cob as summer students were Elmer Livingston MacRae, Ernest Lawson, Allen Tucker, Charles Ebert, Mary Roberts Ebert, Alice Judson, and Genjiro Yeto.\n\nOther artists associated with the Cos Cob art colony include Leonard Ochtman, Mina Fonda Ochtman, Dorothy Ochtman, Edward Clark Potter, Emil Carlsen, George Wharton Edwards, and Kerr Eby.  The art colony also included many writers and editors, including Lincoln Steffens and Willa Cather. \n\nMembers of the Cos Cob art colony were deeply involved in organizing the Armory Show, the exhibition that in 1913 introduced modernist European art to a vast American audience.  The art colony formed its own hometown organization in 1911.  The Greenwich Society of Artists (now the Greenwich Art Society) held its first exhibition in 1912 at the Bruce Museum, which opened to the public for the first time on that occasion.\n\nSee also\nArt colony\n\nReferences\n\nSources\n\nNotes\n\nExternal links\nConnecticut Impressionist Art Trail\nGreenwich Historical Society\nBruce Museum\nGreenwich Art Society\n\nAmerican artist groups and collectives\nArtist colonies\nAmerican art movements\nAmerican Impressionism\nCultural history of the United States\nGreenwich, Connecticut\nConnecticut culture", "meta": {"title": "Cos Cob art colony", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cos%20Cob%20art%20colony", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Anomalipes zhaoi (meaning \"Zhao Xijin's unusual foot\") is an extinct caenagnathid dinosaur discovered in China. It lived during the Campanian-aged (Late Cretaceous period) Wangshi Group in China. It is the only species in the genus Anomalipes.\n\nDiscovery\nThe remains of Anomalipes were discovered within a Shantungosaurus bonebed at the Kugou locality.\nThe holotype (ZCDM V0020, housed at Zhucheng Dinosaur Museum, Zhucheng, Shandong) is an incomplete left hind-limb, including a partial left thigh, shin and shank, a complete metatarsal III and two toe bones.\n\nEtymology\nAnomalipes is derived from the Latin anomalus (peculiar, abnormal, not easily classified) and pes (foot), referring to the unusual shape of its foot. The species epithet, zhaoi, was named in honour of Zhao Xijin.\n\nSee also\n2018 in archosaur paleontology\n Timeline of oviraptorosaur research\n\nReferences\n\nFossil taxa described in 2018\nDinosaurs of Asia\nCaenagnathids", "meta": {"title": "Anomalipes", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomalipes", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041e\u0437\u0451\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0415\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0411\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0438. \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u041e\u0437\u0451\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435\u00bb.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0421\u0443\u0440\u0445\u0435\u0431\u0442 (\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 11 \u043a\u043c \u043a \u044e\u0433\u043e-\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430), \u0432 56 \u043a\u043c \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e-\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u041e\u0437\u0451\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435, \u0432 18,5 \u043a\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438  \u0423\u043b\u0430\u043d-\u0423\u0434\u044d \u2014 \u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u2014 \u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430. \u041a \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u041e\u0437\u0451\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\n\u0418\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430, \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u0444\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\n\n\u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \n\u041f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u041e\u0437\u0451\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0413\u041e\u041a\u0430.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0415\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\n\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 1976 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\n1970-\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u0411\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u041e\u0437\u0451\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 (\u0411\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%28%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Una puesta de huevos es el grupo de huevos producidos por las amapolas, anfibios, o reptiles, a menudo en una sola vez, y en particular aquellos depositados en un nido.\n \nEn las aves, la destrucci\u00f3n de una puesta por depredadores (o la extracci\u00f3n por los seres humanos, por ejemplo como parte del programa de reproducci\u00f3n del c\u00f3ndor de California) da lugar a una segunda puesta. La t\u00e9cnica se utiliza para duplicar la producci\u00f3n de los huevos de determinadas especies, en el caso del c\u00f3ndor de California, espec\u00edficamente para aumentar el tama\u00f1o de la poblaci\u00f3n.\n\nTama\u00f1o  \nEl tama\u00f1o de la puesta var\u00eda mucho entre especies, a veces incluso dentro de un mismo g\u00e9nero. Tambi\u00e9n puede variar dentro de la misma especie, debido a diversos factores, incluyendo el h\u00e1bitat, la salud, la nutrici\u00f3n, las presiones de la predaci\u00f3n y la \u00e9poca del a\u00f1o.   La variaci\u00f3n en el tama\u00f1o de la puesta tambi\u00e9n puede reflejar la variaci\u00f3n en el esfuerzo de reproducci\u00f3n \u00f3ptima. Especies de larga vida tienden a tener puestas de menor tama\u00f1o que especies de vida corta (v\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n la teor\u00eda de la Selecci\u00f3n K). La evoluci\u00f3n del tama\u00f1o de la puesta \u00f3ptimo tambi\u00e9n es impulsado por otros factores, como los conflictos entre padres e hijos.\n \nEl tama\u00f1o de puesta registrado en las notas de campo ornitol\u00f3gico puede o no incluir los huevos perdidos o rotos.\n\nGaler\u00eda\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n\n Oolog\u00eda (el estudio cient\u00edfico de los huevos)\n Viv\u00edparo\n\nReferencias\n\nTerminolog\u00eda de aves\nProducci\u00f3n de huevos\nReproducci\u00f3n de las aves\n\nde:Gelege", "meta": {"title": "Puesta (huevos)", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puesta%20%28huevos%29", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Il 138th Fighter Wing \u00e8 uno Stormo da caccia della Oklahoma Air National Guard. Riporta direttamente all'Air Combat Command quando attivato per il servizio federale. Il suo quartier generale \u00e8 situato presso la Aeroporto Internazionale di Tulsa, Oklahoma.\n\nOrganizzazione\nAttualmente, al settembre 2017, esso controlla:\n 138th Operations Group, codice visivo di coda OK, striscia di coda rossa con scritta TULSA bianca\n 138th Operations Support Squadron\n  125th Fighter Squadron - Equipaggiato con F-16C/D\n 138th Maintenance Group\n 138th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron\n 138th Maintenance Squadron\n 138th Maintenance Operations Flight\n 138th Mission Support Group\n 138th Civil Engineer Squadron\n 138th Logistics Readiness Squadron\n 138th Security Forces Squadron\n 138th Communications Flight\n 138th Medical Group\n 138th Comptroller Flight\n 219th Engineering Installation Squadron\n 125th Weather Flight, Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni\n Sito ufficiale del 138th FW\n\nReparti di volo della United States Air Force", "meta": {"title": "138th Fighter Wing", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/138th%20Fighter%20Wing", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Alphonso \"Piggy\" Gerard (June 26, 1916 - July 14, 2002) was a baseball outfielder in the Negro leagues. He played professionally in the United States from 1945 to 1948 with the New York Black Yankees, Indianapolis Clowns, and the Chicago American Giants. He was born and died on Saint Croix. Gerard was the only native of the Virgin Islands to play in the Negro Leagues.\n\nThe bulk of Gerard's pro career took place in the Puerto Rican Winter League. He played there from the 1944-45 season until retiring after the winter of 1957-58. He also played professionally in Mexico (1946) and the Dominican Republic (1953).\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n and Seamheads\nSABR biography\n\n1916 births\n2002 deaths\nNew York Black Yankees players\nChicago American Giants players\nIndianapolis Clowns players\nPeople from Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands\nUnited States Virgin Islands baseball players\n20th-century African-American sportspeople\nBaseball outfielders\n21st-century African-American people", "meta": {"title": "Alphonso Gerard", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonso%20Gerard", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Vectron bezeichnet:\n\n Vectron Systems, einen Anbieter von Kassensystemen und Kassensoftware zur Vernetzung von Filialbetrieben\n Siemens Vectron, eine Lokomotivbaureihe von Siemens.", "meta": {"title": "Vectron", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectron", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, more commonly known  as Brown\u2013Driver\u2013Briggs or BDB (from the name of its three authors) is a standard reference for Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Aramaic, first published in 1906. It is organized by (Hebrew) alphabetical order of three letter roots. It was based on the Hebrew-German lexicon of Wilhelm Gesenius, translated by Edward Robinson. The chief editor was Francis Brown, with the co-operation of Samuel Rolles Driver and Charles Augustus Briggs, hence the name Brown\u2013Driver\u2013Briggs.  Some modern printings have added the Strong's reference numbers for Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic words.\n\nIn 2013, semitists Jo Ann Hackett and John Huehnergard received a National Endowment for the Humanities grant to fund creation of a revised and updated electronic version of the BDB; the resulting Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon will be available through a website (Semitica Electronica) or via print-on-demand.\n\nSee also\n Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament\n New American Standard Bible. The \"Brown, Driver, Briggs, Gesenius Lexicon\" is dubbed \"The New American Standard (NAS) Old Testament Hebrew Lexicon\" at www.biblestudytools.com.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n .\n Concordance and Dictionary \u2013 developed by ALHATORAH.ORG, utilizing modified versions of: J. Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (Cincinnati, 1890);  F. Brown, S. R. Driver, and C. A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (Oxford, 1906);  and the work of D. Troidl generously made available at openscriptures.org (CC BY 4.0)\n Abridged 1994 version with Strong's Code system, via Internet Archive.\n Full-page images of the BDB.\n 1939 Reprint edition, via Internet Archive.\n\nAramaic dictionaries and grammars\nBible dictionaries\nEnglish bilingual dictionaries\nHebrew dictionaries", "meta": {"title": "Brown\u2013Driver\u2013Briggs", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown%E2%80%93Driver%E2%80%93Briggs", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Gurugram Public School (known as GPS) is a K-12 school located in Sector 55 and Sector 62 Gurgaon.\n\nHistory\nThe school was started in the year 2001 at Sector 55 Gurgaon and further expended into another school in sector 62. School is affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi.\n\nFacilities\nThe school provides the following facilities :\n Library\n Equipped laboratories\n Language lab\n CCTV Cameras in class Rooms\n Sports complex\n Transport facilities\n\nSchool has CCTV monitoring and Smart Boards in Class Rooms. School also offer Day boarding facilities for the students.\n\nActivities\nThe school organizes many activities for their students e.g. sports sessions, awareness programs etc. In this sequence, a Disaster Management Workshop was organised at School by the Green Locus (an organization that provides unique Himalayan experiences) where the theme was \u2018Responsible living by learning from the wisdom of nature and the Himalayas\u2019. The Workshop was conducted by trainers from Adventure Guide Welfare Society (AGWS), Nainital.\n\nSee also\nEducation in India\nLiteracy in India  \nAmity International School, Gurgaon\nList of institutions of higher education in Haryana\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Gurugram Public School \u2013 Official Website\n CBSE Website\n\nPrivate schools in Haryana\nPrimary schools in India\nHigh schools and secondary schools in Haryana\nSchools in Gurgaon\nEducational institutions established in 2001\n2001 establishments in Haryana", "meta": {"title": "Gurugram Public School", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurugram%20Public%20School", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Australian rules football in England is a team sport and spectator sport with a long history. The annual match between Oxford and Cambridge Universities is the longest running Australian rules fixture outside Australia. The current competitions originated in 1989 and have grown to a number of local and regional leagues coordinated by AFL England. In 2018, these regional divisions were the AFL London, AFL Central & Northern England and Southern England AFL. \n\nThe sport's origins are said to be in England, specifically public school football games. Several of the sport's founders were born and educated there including J. B. Thompson, William Hammersley and James Bryant while Tom Wills held by many as the sport's founder, was educated at and played rugby with the Rugby School. The sport however struggled for decades to establish roots given the dominance of traditional football codes in rugby football and the growing popularity of soccer. Nevertheless, it was one of the first countries outside of Australia to commence regular competition during the 1920s.\n\nAustralian Football League (AFL) exhibition matches were held in London semi-annually between 1986 and 2006 (the last standalone event was held in 2012) and were well attended with attendances ranging from 4,500 to a record of 18,884 in 2005.\n\nEngland rarely competes in a standalone team, and is typically represented along with Scotland and Wales as the Great Britain team at the Australian Football International Cup (best result 6th) and AFL Europe Championship (2 titles). However, an English side has competed in several standalone tests and has been successful at the Euro Cup with 5 titles. Nevertheless, London has hosted several internationals, including the 2001 Atlantic Alliance Cup, 2005 and 2015 EU Cups and the 2016 and 2019 AFL Europe Championships.\n\nIn the AFL Bill Eason and Clive Waterhouse hold the record for the most games and goals with 220 and 386 respectively while current AFL Women's player Sabrina Frederick holds both records with 59 and 26.\n\nHistory of Australian rules football in England\n\nEnglish involvement in the game's establishment in Australia\n\nAccording to the AFL, the sport's origins were in England with public school football games being adopted by Australians in the 1850s leading to the creation of what is now known as Australian Football in Melbourne in the British Colony of Victoria in 1859. Several of the sport's founders were English including J. B. Thompson, William Hammersley and James Bryant, with Tom Wills having been educated at and played rugby football with the Rugby School.\n\nWriting to Wills in 1871, Thompson recalled that \"the Rugby, Eton, Harrow, and Winchester rules at that time (I think in 1859) came under our consideration, ... we all but unanimously agreed that regulations which suited schoolboys ... would not be patiently tolerated by grown men.\" The hardness of the playing fields around Melbourne also influenced their thinking. Even Wills, who favoured many rules of Rugby School football, saw the need for compromise. He wrote to his brother Horace: \"Rugby was not a game for us, we wanted a winter pastime but men could be harmed if thrown on the ground so we thought differently.\"\n\nWhile the game found its way to Ireland in the 1870s and there was also some awareness in England of the popularity of the game in Australia, it was not established locally until much later. This is primarily due to the growing popularity of locally developing football codes including rugby football and later British Association (soccer) which, like Australian Football, were also developing from public school football games.\n\nThe English were also heavily involved in the development of the code in the Colony of South Australia in particular John Acraman and Richard Twopeny.\n\nEarly efforts at introduction to England\nBetween 1870 and World War I many overseas students studied medicine in Scotland, and some went down to England to play the Australian Rules teams in that country.\n\nA Lancashire paper from 1881 mentions a local initiative to introduce \"Victorian Rules Football\" to England as an alternative to rugby and Association football.\n\nIn 1883, during a visit to Australia, English journalist and rugby player Richard Twopeny wrote of the game:\n\nA good football match in Melbourne is one of the sights of the world... The quality of the play... is much superior to anything the best English clubs can produce... there is much more 'style' about the play.\n\nIn 1884 H C A Harrison then known as the \"father of Australian Football\" visited London where he proposed unifying Australian rules with Rugby under a set of hybrid rules and suggested that rugby clubs adopt some of the Victorian Rules. English football officials expressed their insult at the suggestion that they \"abandon their rules to oblige an Antipodean game\".\n\nNevertheless when first proposing a football tour of Australia and New Zealand in March 1887, James Lillywhite, Alfred Shaw and Arthur Shrewsbury posited that the best way to ensure the success of the venture would be to play under the Australian rules where the sport was most popular.\n\nAustralians studying at Edinburgh University and London University formed teams and competed in London in 1888.\nSpurred on by the upcoming English football team's tour of Australia, a scratch match between Edinburgh Australians and London Australians was planned to be held at Balham on 14 April 1888. However the match was postponed citing lack of player numbers and suitability of the venue. It was finally played on 26 May 1888 at Balham, London won 4 goals to 2. There was little interest in the match outside of the Australian expat community. However the game was poorly organised and the selected ground was so out of the way that most spectators failed to find it, proving to be lost opportunity to promote the game. A return match was played on the same ground on the 30th May resulting in a draw. The match drew considerable praise in UK newspapers such as the Times and the Scotsman.\n\nBritish tours to Australia (1888\u20131914)\n\nAustralian rules football was played by a British representative rugby team which toured Australia in 1888. The team arrived in Hobart, Tasmania on 18 April. They attended a social function with the Southern Tasmanian Football Association, before going to New Zealand for a series of rugby matches.\n\nAfter they returned to Australia they again trained in Australian rules in Sydney, before leaving for Victoria in mid-June. The tour included 19 matches.  They played against several of the stronger football clubs from Melbourne including the Carlton Football Club, South Melbourne Football Club, Essendon Football Club, Fitzroy Football Club and Port Melbourne Football Club.  Additionally, they played against some strong regional Victorian clubs including two teams from the city of Ballarat: Ballarat Football Club and Ballarat Imperial Football Club, as well as two teams from the city of Bendigo: Bendigo Football Club and Sandhurst Football Club as well as playing against clubs from other regional towns including the Castlemaine Football Club, Maryborough Football Club, Horsham Football Club and Kyneton Football Club.\n\nThe team also played against several of the stronger South Australian teams including South Adelaide Football Club, Port Adelaide Football Club, Adelaide Football Club (no connection to the later Adelaide club), Norwood Football Club.  The only club from outside of Victoria or South Australia which played against them was the Maitland Football Club (from the Hunter Region in New South Wales). The British team won six matches, including a win over Port Adelaide at Adelaide Oval on 10 July 1888, and drew one.\n\nThe reigning Victorian premiers, Carlton defeated Great Britain at the MCG 14.17 to 3.8. At this stage goals and points were recorded but only goals counted in the score; for example, when Great Britain played Castlemaine under very heavy conditions they kicked 1 goal 2 points and the locals kicked 1 goal 4 points, but the match was declared a draw. Great Britain also played 35 games of rugby, making a total of 54 games in 21 weeks. A star of the team's Australian rules games was Andrew Stoddart, who captained the team for part of its tour and also captained England in cricket.\n\nThe 1888 tour had been organised by the English cricketer Arthur Shrewsbury but his involvement with Australian Rules football did not end there. He planned to have an Australian team sent to the United Kingdom to play a series of demonstration matches and to that end he looked to Scotland where he had identified possible opponents. Shrewsbury's plans are outlined in his correspondence with Alfred Shaw and Turner, the Nottingham Cricket Club Secretary.\n\nFirst Competitions \nShrewsbury suggested that the 'Edinburgh Australians' team at Edinburgh University should travel down to England to meet the Australian team in a series of demonstration matches in Lancashire and Yorkshire. Unfortunately his bold plan did not eventuate as the authorities in Australia aborted the venture and a possible expansion of Australian Rules in the UK was lost.\n\nIn 1894, a dramatic costume football match was played at the East Melbourne Cricket Ground involving prominent English celebrities Jennie Lee, Wallace Brownlow and Harry Musgrove.\n\nThere were reports from Australia that the game was being played in England between two clubs in 1903 and in 1904. By 1906 there were three clubs holding regular competition two of which were in London. The Oxford University Australian Rules Football Club was founded in 1906.\n\nAs early as 1911 the game was being played regularly at Oxford. In 1911 Oxford University captained by Alfred Clemens defeated Cambridge University captained by Ron Larking 13.9 (87) to 5.12 (42). In 1914, H C A Harrison reported that the game was being played regularly at both Oxford and Cambridge universities though few records exist of contests between 1911 and 1921.\n\nWorld War I \n\nIn 1915 a Victoria vs South Australia match was played at Portland Canteen ground at Weymouth, Dorset.\n\nIn 1916, one of the highest profile matches in the history of the game outside of Australia occurred when a match was held at the Queen's Club in London between Australian Army teams, representing the Combined Training Units and the 3rd Division, in which many senior Australian rules footballers from all over Australia took part. The match drew a large crowd and significant press coverage.\n\nAs a celebration of Australia Day January 1918, a match was held at Cambridge between London Headquarters and Australian Cadets, with London winning 80 to 63.\n\nHowever, the end of World War I saw the game outside of the universities go into hiatus.\n\nVarsity matches between Oxford and Cambridge \n\nAfter the war, in 1921, the Oxford University\u2013Cambridge University Varsity match between expatriate Australian students became an annual contest. This game is still played, and is the longest running Australian rules fixture outside Australia. The match is an official Varsity competition.  Over the years, some distinguished Australians to have played in the match include Mike Fitzpatrick, Chris Maxwell, Joe Santamaria, Sir Rod Eddington and Andrew Michelmore.\n\nMen's Results\n\nIn 2018, amid the growth of the sport in England, there was the first ever women's Australian Rules Football Varsity, ending in a tie.\n\nWomen's Results\n\nSecond World War matches\n\nThe AIF played a match in 1940 between the \"Impossibles\" and the \"Improbables\".\n\nWhen th RMS Moreton Bay returned to England after 1941 it played in advertised matches at Portsmouth.\n\nRAAF (Sunderland) vs RAF Mount Batten was played in 1943 in Plymouth. In November of the same year, a game was played in Sussex between No.11 Personnel despatch and Reception centre team based in Brighton vs RAAF Headquarters from London.\n\nTeams representing RAAF, Headquarters vs Sunderland, met in Hyde Park in 1944 in front of a sizeable crowd.  Headquarters defeated Sunderland 12.7 (79) to 5.4 (34).\n\nIn 1945, HMAS Australia defeated RAAF at Dulwich 11.12 to 10.5.\n\nIn 1948 Australia's champion axemen team announced its plans to introduce Australian rules football into England.\n\nIn 1952, a match was played at Rosslyn Park F.C. in South West London between HMAS Vengeance and English-Australians (\"the Wombats\"). The Wombats also organised a match at Cambridge.\n\nThe first local league\nIn 1967, Australian expatriates including Michael Cyril Hall and Ted Ford attempted to organise Australian Football in London. Ted engaged high-profile expatriate Australians including Rolf Harris, Alan Freeman, Barry Humphries, Neil Hawke, Keith Miller and former Australian prime minister Sir Robert Menzies to support the venture and raise publicity for it. Ford organised a charity match was played in Regent's Park in London, between local club Kensington Demons and established out of town club Oxford University. Athol Guy (who had played VFL reserves with St Kilda) also made a special appearance as a player. The match also featured England's first all-women's match between Aussie Girls and Wild Colonial Girls as a curtain raiser. The match attracted a crowd of 1,000 spectators. A follow up match between Earl's Court Magpies and Australian Dentists attracted 700 spectators. By May 7 established local teams were ready to form a local league these teams included: Australian Dentists, Australian Navy, Oxford University, Cambridge University, Kensington Demons, Earls Court Magpies and London House. In July, Royal Australian Navy (RAN) personnel played against a combined side drawn from the Earls Court Magpies; Kensington Demons and Australian Dentists in front of a crowd of 1,200 at Regent's Park. RAN personnel would go on to play against local school sides and local rugby clubs.\n\nAfter some time finding its roots, the Australian National Football League (UK) was formed which by 1970 had six teams, Victorians; Rest of Australia; Portsmouth Naval Base; Plymouth Naval Base; London Gaelic Football Club and Hampstead Rugby Club with matches played in the summer.\nThe later inclusion of two English rugby sides was helping them keep fit in the off-season. Later clubs to play in the league included the Kensington Demons, Earls Court Magpies, Oxford University Blues, Australian Dentists and Australian Navy (based in Portsmouth).\n\nIn 1972, the first exhibition match of the VFL was played at The Oval in London as part of the Carlton Football Club 1972 preseason World Tour. The match attracted 9,000 in a carnival like atmosphere. However the arrival of the spectacle of elite level VFL also saw the end of the game at the grassroots in England with no further organised competition.\n\nThe VFL/AFL annual exhibition \nBetween 1987 and 2006, VFL/AFL exhibition matches had become an almost annual event, but the only game since then being in 2012.\nWith a large number of ex-patriate Australians, interest in the game grew and small crowds of up to 10,000 were in attendance for the event in some years.\nInterest and crowds grew further with the change of the VFL to the Australian Football League. \nHighlights during this time included large crowds for the Australian Football League's West Coast Eagles v. Collingwood in 1997 with an attendance of 14,000 and the match between Richmond and Essendon in 2002 which drew 13,000.\n\nThe British Australian Rules Football League: 1989-Present\n\nIn 1989 the British Australian rules football League (BARFL) was formed. Serious competition began. A schools program was launched in 1991. One of the key people in the establishment of the competition was former professional Australian player Darren Ogier who helped introduce a rule that at least half of the club's players onfield must be non-Australian. As the competition became more popular, results were reported in Australia. From 1992, the AFL began contributing AUD $6,000 a year to the league, however withdrew its financial contributions in 1994, expressing a preference for grants to be spent on junior programs and school projects instead of the senior competition. Despite the lack of AFL support, local BARFL Grand Finals become a large event attracting attendances in the thousands, including a record crowd of 1,500 in 1999.\n\nIn 2002 a national team represented Great Britain at the Australian Football International Cup for the first time, finishing the tournament in 6th place. 2005 saw the British Bulldogs again compete in the International Cup, again finishing 6th overall.\n\nFollowing the 2005 International Cup, promising 22-year-old British Bulldog Luke Matias began playing with the Port Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League.\n\nAlso in 2005, the first Western Derby to be played outside of Australia, the West Coast Eagles v. Fremantle game was played as a pre-season test at The Oval in London, drawing a record crowd of 18,884.\n\nJunior Development programs\n\nIn 2005 the first junior development program, Aussie Rules Schools, commenced. The program, co-ordinated by the new development body Aussie Rules UK, part of Aussie Rules International was kicked off. This project has seen up to 10 English schools adopt Aussie Rules as part of the school curriculum to combat obesity.  Juniors teams have competed at the London Youth Games.\n\n2006 was a big year for Aussie Rules in England, with the admission of new clubs in Manchester, Middlesbrough and Thanet.\n\nOn 17 September 2006 history was made in Denmark when the England Dragonslayers took on the Denmark Vikings in Europe's first fully-fledged international junior Aussie Rules match.  England claimed the King Canute Cup, with England 6.10(46) defeating Denmark 0.6(6).\n\nIn July 2007, the AFL announced that the annual London exhibition match was likely to be abandoned for the year, after only the Western Bulldogs had expressed interest.\n\nIn a first in 2007, the GB Bulldogs including several past and future England players, soundly defeated Ireland in Dublin 11.15(81) to 2.9(21).\n\nAFL Britain\nIn 2008, a resolution to the divide between the two competing leagues saw a single national body, AFL Britain form, which formally affiliated to the AFL.  The BARFL was dissolved and became AFL London, while regional leagues including the Scottish Australian Rules Football League and the Welsh Australian Rules Football League affiliated with the new national body.\n\nAFL England\nIn 2012, AFL England was formed as the national governing body for Australian rules football in England, separate to AFL Scotland and AFL Wales.\n\nParticipation\nIn 2004, there were a total of around 435 senior players across 18 clubs in England.  The local league has a higher number of ex-patriate Australians compared to other countries that participate in the sport, however the league recently put in place caps on the number of expatriate players in certain divisions to improve the mix and encourage more local players.\n\nBy the end of 2007, the game had experienced substantial growth due to the placement of permanent development officers.  AFL International Census figures indicate over 3,600 participants\n\nAudience\n\nTelevision\n\nAustralian rules football is regularly shown on BT Sport.\n\nAttendance records\n\nLocal competitions\n1,500 (1999). BARFL Grand Final. West London Wildcats vs Wandsworth Demons. London\n\nExhibition match\n18,884 (2005). West Coast v. Fremantle (The Oval, London)\n\nNational teams\nAFL England currently manages four national teams. The Great Britain Bulldogs and Great Britain Swans compete every three years at the International Cup in Melbourne. The squad is made up of players mainly from the London clubs, however they are often joined by players competing in Australia. In 2017 the Bulldogs finished sixth, their joint-highest finish, while in their maiden year the Swans finished third, defeating the United States 5.2 (32) to 4.1 (25)\n\nThe English teams are known as the England Dragonslayers and the England Vixens. Both teams won the AFL Europe Euro Cup in 2017. In 2018, the Vixens finished runners-up\n\nClubs\n\nOpen\n\nLondon\n\nRegional England\n\nJuniors\n Clapham Cubs\n\nPlayers\n\nMen's\n\nWomen's\n\nas of 2019 AFLW season\n\nSee also\n\n 1916 Pioneer Exhibition Game\n Australian rules football in the United Kingdom\n Sport in England\n\nExternal links\nSurrey Cricket AFL annual exhibition match at 'The Oval'\nAFL Britain website\nBARFL website\nARUK National League\nAussie Rules UK\nCambridge University Australian Rules Football Club\nOxford University Australian Rules Football Club\nVideo of Aussie Rules from YouTube\nThe Birmingham Bears\n sports on ESPN UK link.\n subscribe to ESPN UK link.\n\nBooks\n\nReferences", "meta": {"title": "Australian rules football in England", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20rules%20football%20in%20England", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "19. \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0440 (19.11.) \u0458\u0435 323. \u0434\u0430\u043d \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0443 (324. \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438). \u0414\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0458\u043e\u0448 42 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430.\n\n\u0414\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0452\u0430\u0458\u0438 \n\n 461 \u2014 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0458\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0452\u0430 \u0420\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.\n 1493 \u2014 \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0440 \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0431\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043e \u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0443.\n 1796 \u2014 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0452\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c I \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b\u0435\u043c \u040a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043c, \u0426\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438 \u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0443\u043a\u043b\u0438 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u043a\u0435, \u0430 \u0443 \u0431\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0445\u043c\u0443\u0442 \u0411\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0458\u0435 \u0441 23.000 \u0432\u043e\u0458\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0426\u0440\u043d\u0443 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0443.\n 1824 \u2014 \u0421\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0458\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043c \u0458\u0435 \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0430.\n 1841 \u2014 \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0458\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0435\u0437 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u043e. \u040a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443 \u0408\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0421\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b \u0438 \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u045b.\n 1866 \u2014 \u0420\u0430\u0442 \u0410\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0438 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d \u0411\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438\u043c \u0458\u0435 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430.\n1906 \u2014 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0443 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0421\u041e\u0421 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0452\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u045b.\n 1942 \u2014 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0458 \u0416\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u0423\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0459\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0435.\n 1969 \u2014 \u041f\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0458 1000. \u0433\u043e\u043b \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0430.\n 1985 \u2014 \u0420\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434 \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0447\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442.\n 1932 \u2014 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043a \u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043e \u0447\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430.\n 1949 \u2014 \u0420\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430.\n 1952 \u2014 \u0423\u0458\u0435\u0434\u0438\u045a\u0435\u043d\u043e \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0459\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0410\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0432\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0443.\n 1954 \u2014 \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0459\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u041d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0443 \u041d\u0410\u0422\u041e \u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448 \u0447\u0432\u0440\u0448\u045b\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0459\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0443 \u0445\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c.\n 1968 \u2014 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u0422\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0458\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0445\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043e \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0425\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0410\u043b\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e.\n 1981 \u2014 \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0446\u0438, \u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0443 \u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u041c\u0435\u0458\u0437 \u0443 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0458\u043a \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0452\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435\u0433 \u0458\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u0440\u043b\u043e 10 \u0448\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0458\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430.\n 1990 \u2014 \u0423\u0458\u0435\u0434\u0438\u045a\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0422\u0440\u0435\u045b\u0435\u0433 \u0440\u0430\u0458\u0445\u0430 \u0443 \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u041d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n 1991 \u2014 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0421\u0424\u0420\u0408 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0443 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0452\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0452\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0425\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u045b \u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0459\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430.\n 1995 \u2014 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e \u0413\u043b\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u045a\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0430-\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0435 \u0443 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0443 \u0421\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0459\u0430, \u0430 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0447 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043e.\n 1997 \u2014 \u0408\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0458\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0434 451\u00a0km/h \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434 \u0422\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0458\u0430.\n 1998 \u2014 \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043e \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0411\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430.\n 2000 \u2014 \u0422\u0430\u0458\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0458\u0435\u0440 \u0422\u0430\u043d\u0433 \u0424\u0435\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0437\u0435\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442.\n 2002 \u2014 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043e \u0441\u043c\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0452\u0438 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u045a\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0410\u0431\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0443 \u041e\u045f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0443, \u0443\u0445\u0432\u0430\u045b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c 1999. \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0440\u0437\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0452\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0458\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0443.\n\n\u0420\u043e\u0452\u0435\u045a\u0430 \n 1808 \u2014 \u0408\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0437 \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0458\u0432\u0430\u0458\u0441, \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440, \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440, \u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440 \u0438 \u0458\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1881)\n 1833 \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u0445\u0435\u043b\u043c \u0414\u0438\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0458, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0444, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0438 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1911)\n 1887 \u2014 \u040f\u0435\u0458\u043c\u0441 \u0411\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041d\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0458\u0443 (1946). (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1955)\n 1888 \u2014 \u0425\u043e\u0441\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0443\u043b \u041a\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1942)\n 1900 \u2014 \u0410\u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0441, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u045a\u0438\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1983)\n 1901 \u2014 \u041d\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0438, \u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1961)\n 1911 \u2014 \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0445, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0440 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0435. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1942)\n 1917 \u2014 \u0418\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0458\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0418\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0458\u0435 (1966\u20141977, 1980\u20141984). (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1984)\n 1920 \u2014 \u040f\u0438\u043d \u0422\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0438, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 1991)\n 1922 \u2014 \u0420\u0430\u0458\u043a\u043e \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u045b, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 2008)\n 1922 \u2014 \u0411\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0428\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438\u045b, \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0421\u0424\u0420 \u0408\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0458\u0435, \u0421\u0420 \u0426\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0421\u0420 \u0421\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0458\u0435. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 2022)\n 1925 \u2014 \u0417\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0442 \u0411\u0430\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d, \u043f\u043e\u0459\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0444. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 2017)\n 1930 \u2014 \u0416\u0438\u0436\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u0458\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430.\n 1933 \u2014 \u041b\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u041a\u0438\u043d\u0433, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0422\u0412 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0459. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 2021)\n 1936 \u2014 \u0409\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0448\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u045f\u0438\u045b, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0446, \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0459 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 2017)\n 1938 \u2014 \u0422\u0435\u0434 \u0422\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442.\n 1942 \u2014 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0432\u0438\u043d \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0458\u043d, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0458\u043d\u0435\u0440.\n 1953 \u2014 \u0420\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0446.\n 1957 \u2014 \u041e\u0444\u0440\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0437\u0430, \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 2000)\n 1959 \u2014 \u0410\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043d \u040f\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430.\n 1960 \u2014 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0414\u0435\u043b\u0447\u0438\u045b \u0414\u0435\u043b\u0447\u0430, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433 \u0438 \u0422\u0412 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0459. (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c. 2011)\n 1961 \u2014 \u041c\u0435\u0433 \u0420\u0430\u0458\u0430\u043d, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043a\u0438\u045a\u0430.\n 1962 \u2014 \u040f\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0424\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0459\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043a\u0438\u045a\u0430.\n 1964 \u2014 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043e \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0458\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b, \u0431\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0447\u043a\u043e-\u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440.\n 1965 \u2014 \u041b\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0411\u043b\u0430\u043d, \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440.\n 1969 \u2014 \u0420\u0438\u0448\u0430\u0440 \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a, \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430.\n 1976 \u2014 \u0421\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u0412\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0441, \u0433\u0440\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440.\n 1976 \u2014 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0408\u0435\u043b\u0438\u045b, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440 \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a.\n 1980 \u2014 \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0448.\n 1981 \u2014 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0441 \u0411\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0441, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0448.\n 1983 \u2014 \u0410\u0434\u0430\u043c \u0414\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0446.\n 1984 \u2014 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0441\u0438 \u0415\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0441\u043e\u043d, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b.\n 1984 \u2014 \u0414\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u041a\u0430\u0445\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043c\u0430\u043d.\n 1986 \u2014 \u0423\u0440\u043e\u0448 \u0414\u0443\u0432\u045a\u0430\u043a, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0448.\n 1986 \u2014 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0421\u043c\u0438\u0459\u0430\u043d\u0438\u045b, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440.\n 1987 \u2014 \u0422\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u0458\u0442, \u0447\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430.\n 1988 \u2014 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043d \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0431\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430.\n 1989 \u2014 \u0422\u0430\u0458\u0433\u0430, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043f \u0445\u043e\u043f \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440 \u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0446.\n 1989 \u2014 \u041a\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0424\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0434, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0448.\n 1993 \u2014 \u0421\u0443\u0441\u043e, \u0448\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u0434\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440.\n 1994 \u2014 \u041d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u0412\u0438\u0446\u043e, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430.\n 1995 \u2014 \u0410\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u0458\u043d\u045f\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0430.\n\n\u0421\u043c\u0440\u0442\u0438 \n 1226 \u2014 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u045a\u043e \u0410\u0441\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440. (\u0440\u043e\u0452. 1182).\n 1828 \u2014 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446 \u0428\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442, \u0430\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440. (\u0440\u043e\u0452. 1797).\n 1855 \u2014 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0459 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0458\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0458\u0430\u043d \u043c\u0430\u0452\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433.\n 1977 \u2014 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0413\u043b\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u045b, \u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u045a\u0438\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440 \u043a\u045a\u0438\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \n 2014 \u2014 \u041c\u0430\u0458\u043a \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0441, \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442. (\u0440\u043e\u0452. 1931).\n 2017 \u2014 \u0408\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430, \u0447\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430. (\u0440\u043e\u0452. 1968).\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u045b\u0430\u045a\u0430 \n \u0414\u0430\u043d \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\n\n\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\n\n \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435 \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0440\u0445 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\n \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438 \u0412\u0430\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0425\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\n \u0421\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430\n \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438 \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0430\n \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d, \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\n \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438 \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\n \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0414\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0435, \u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f \u043a\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u0438\n \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435, \u0425\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\n \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440", "meta": {"title": "19. \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0440", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/19.%20%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Notonomus tillyardi is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Sloane in 1913.\n\nReferences\n\nNotonomus\nBeetles described in 1913", "meta": {"title": "Notonomus tillyardi", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notonomus%20tillyardi", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Flogging Molly is an Irish-American seven-piece Celtic punk band formed in Los Angeles in 1995, led by Irish vocalist Dave King, formerly of the hard rock band Fastway and Katmandu. They are signed to their own record label, Borstal Beat Records.\n\nHistory\n\nEarly years\nPrior to forming Flogging Molly, Dublin-born Dave King was the lead singer for heavy metal band Fastway featuring guitarist \"Fast\" Eddie Clarke of Mot\u00f6rhead in the early to mid '80s. He later fronted a hard rock band called Katmandu (1991), featuring Mandy Meyer of Krokus on guitars. Afterwards, Dave King retained a record deal with Epic Records and began to work on a solo album, but began to reconsider his record deal when the label opposed his idea of bringing in traditional Irish instruments. King negotiated out of his record deal to go his own way musically soon after.\n\nIn 1993, King met guitarist Ted Hutt, bassist Jeff Peters, drummer Paul Crowder and violin player Bridget Regan and put together a rock band with a Celtic feel.  They began to play a mix of Irish traditional and rock.  Putting Dave's poetic lyrics to rocking melodies, they played at a Los Angeles pub called Molly Malone's weekly, building a small but loyal following. Together, they wrote songs such as \"Black Friday Rule\" and \"Selfish Man\", which was the beginning of Flogging Molly's sound. Ted and Jeff then left Flogging Molly because an earlier band of theirs, Reacharound, received a record deal.  Dave and Bridget began to find new members and the current band was formed.\n\nThey continued a routine of playing every Monday night at Molly Malone's. They put out a live album, Alive Behind the Green Door in 1997. In an interview with Kerrang! magazine, King stated that the band's name comes from the bar (Molly Malone's) that faithfully supported the band from the very beginning, \"We used to play there every Monday night and we felt like we were flogging it to death, so we called the band Flogging Molly.\" They were signed onto SideOneDummy Records after a show when the record company's owners attended a concert and noted their intensity.\n\nCareer\nFlogging Molly has released an independent (26f Records) live album titled Alive Behind the Green Door, as well as seven studio albums: Swagger, Drunken Lullabies, Within a Mile of Home, Float, Speed of Darkness, Life Is Good, and Anthem; and an acoustic/live DVD/cd combo Whiskey on a Sunday, which has gone platinum.  They have toured with the Warped Tour, Larry Kirwan's American Fl\u00e9adh Festival and contributed to the Rock Against Bush project. They have sold in excess of a million and a half copies of recorded output as of December 6, 2006.\n\nIn March 2007, the band released an exclusive EP through iTunes entitled Complete Control Sessions. The EP includes two new tracks, as well as acoustic versions of previously released songs.  A year later Flogging Molly released Float, an album dubbed \"one of the most important CDs of the year, if not the decade\" by Alternative Press.  Flogging Molly also recognized the album as influential to their career as their first album recorded in Ireland (though mixed in California) by producer Ryan Hewitt.  Fans met the release with great anticipation and enthusiasm, landing it at No.\u00a04 on the Billboard Top 200 Chart.  The album includes the band's first two chart singles, Requiem for a Dying Song (which hit No.\u00a035 on the Billboard Modern Rock charts) and Float (which hit No.\u00a040). Another accolade came to the band in June 2009 when their album \"Drunken Lullabies\" went gold.\n\nFlogging Molly released a live DVD/CD set called Live at the Greek Theater in March 2010.  The 3-disc set (double CD + full-length DVD) captures Flogging Molly's performance at the Greek Theatre on September 12, 2009, and includes content spanning the band's entire catalog. The band appeared in the 2011 season premiere of Austin City Limits.\n\nOn March 10, 2016, the band released their first new material in five years, a single titled \"The Hand of John L. Sullivan\", honoring the Irish-American boxer of the same name. It is also the first studio recording with new drummer Mike Alonso. Life Is Good was released the following year and the band's follow-up to that was 2022's Anthem.\n\nSalty Dog Cruises (2015\u2013present) \nFrom March 13 to 16, 2015, Flogging Molly began hosting a yearly Caribbean cruise. The 2015 Salty Dog Cruise Cruise featured shows by the band and many others, over three days leaving from Miami to Nassau and Great Stirrup Cay on the Norwegian Sky. All bands performed two times on the stages throughout the ship or on the special stage set on Norwegian's private island of Great Stirrup Cay.\n\nIn 2016, from March 18 to 21, the second yearly cruise took the same itinerary on the same ship and hosted, among others, Rancid, Fishbone, Frank Turner, Street Dogs and The Tossers.\n\nIn 2017, the Enchantment of the Seas hosted the third annual cruise that left on March 10 to Coco Cay and Nassau, until coming back to Miami on March 13. The guests invited by the band were NOFX, DeVotchKa, Less Than Jake, The English Beat, The Skatalites, The Bouncing Souls, Dylan Walshe and many others.\n\nOn August 21, 2017, the band announced that the 2018 cruise will take place April 20\u201323, leaving from Miami, sailing to Key West and to Great Stirrup Cay. Originally, the cruise was supposed to take place on the Enchantment of the Seas as in 2017; however, the ship was changed and the Norwegian Sky has been announced. The line-up includes The Offspring, Buzzcocks, The Vandals, Lagwagon, and Mad Caddies, among others.\n\nMusical style\nFlogging Molly's music is influenced by various artists, such as The Dubliners, The Pogues, Horslips, Johnny Cash, The Clash. The album Within a Mile of Home is dedicated to the memories of Cash and The Clash frontman Joe Strummer.\n\nTheir music ranges from boisterous Celtic punk, like the pirate-themed \"Salty Dog\", \"Cruel Mistress\", and \"Seven Deadly Sins\" or the defiant \"What's Left of the Flag\", \"Drunken Lullabies\", and \"Rebels of the Sacred Heart\" to more somber songs like \"Far Away Boys\", \"The Son Never Shines (On Closed Doors)\", \"Life in a Tenement Square\" and \"Float\". Lyrics typically touch on subjects such as Ireland and its history, drinking, poverty, politics, love, and death and include several references to the Catholic Church. \"What's Left of the Flag\" and \"The Likes of You Again\" were written as tributes to Dave King's father, who died when King was a child.\n\nMembers\n\nCurrent\n Dave King \u2013 lead vocals, acoustic guitar, bodhr\u00e1n, banjo, spoons\n Bridget Regan \u2013 violin, tin whistle, backing and lead vocals\n Dennis Casey \u2013 guitar, vocals\n Matt Hensley \u2013 accordion, concertina\n Nathen Maxwell \u2013 bass guitar, vocals\n Spencer Swain \u2013 mandolin, banjo, guitar, vocals\n Mike Alonso \u2013 drums, percussion\n\nFormer \n John Donovan \u2013 guitar\n Tobe McCallum \u2013 mandolin\n Ted Hutt \u2013 guitar\n Jeff Peters \u2013 bass\n Paul Crowder \u2013 drums\n Gary Sullivan \u2013 drums\n George Schwindt \u2013 drums\n Bob Schmidt \u2013 mandolin/banjo, bouzouki, guitar, vocals\n\nDiscography\n\nStudio albums\n Swagger (2000)\n Drunken Lullabies (2002)\n Within a Mile of Home (2004)\n Float (2008)\n Speed of Darkness (2011)\n Life Is Good (2017)\n Anthem (2022)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nInterview with Dave King in the Irish Independent\nInterview with Bob Schmidt in 2007\nBurning Stars Interview with Flogging Molly \u2013 2006\nFlogging Molly Music Videos-Interviews-Live Performance at Roxwel\n\n1997 establishments in California\nCeltic punk groups\nIrish-American culture\nMusical groups established in 1997\nMusical groups from Los Angeles\nMusical groups from Dublin (city)\nPunk rock groups from California\nRise Records artists\nSideOneDummy Records artists", "meta": {"title": "Flogging Molly", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flogging%20Molly", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Cette page donne la liste des \u00e9v\u00eaques du dioc\u00e8se de Lausanne, Gen\u00e8ve et Fribourg ainsi que des pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents dioc\u00e8ses historiques rattach\u00e9s actuellement \u00e0 ce dernier : le dioc\u00e8se d'Avenches, le dioc\u00e8se de Lausanne et le dioc\u00e8se de Lausanne et Gen\u00e8ve.\n\n\u00c9v\u00eaques de Vindonissa \n Bubulcus (517-535)\n Grammatius (535-549)\n\n\u00c9v\u00eaques d'Avenches \n 573 \u2014 581 : Marius d'Avenches (v. 530-31/12/594)\n\n\u00c9v\u00eaques de Lausanne 581-1536 \n 581 \u2014 594 : Marius d'Avenches (v. 530-31/12/594),  et , \u00e9v\u00eaque de Lausanne ( \u00e0 ).\n Arricus 639-654.\n Protais vers 652, saint, dit aussi saint Prex.\n Chilmegiselus vers 670.\n Udalricus 690.\n Fredarius 814-825.\n David vers 827-850.\n Hartmannus 852-878.\n Hieronimus 878-892.\n Boson/Boso 892-927.\n Libo 927-932.\n Bero 932-947.\n Magnerius 947-968.\n Eginolfus 968-985.\n Henri de Bourgogne 985-1018.\n Hugues de Bourgogne v.1018-1037.\n Henri de Lenzbourg 1039-1051/56.\n Burcard d'Oltigen (Burchard) 1056-1089.\n Lambert de Grandson 1089-1090.\n Conon de Fenis 1090-1103/07.\n G\u00e9rold de Faucigny 1105-1126/34.\n Guy de Maligny ou de Marlaniaco 1134-1143\n Am\u00e9d\u00e9e de Clermont dit de Lausanne 1145-1159\n Landri de Durnes 1160-1174\n Roger de Vico Pisano 1178-1212\n Berthold de Neuch\u00e2tel 1212-1220\n G\u00e9rard de Rougemont 1220-1221\n Guillaume d'Ecublens 1221-1229\n Boniface Clutinc ou Saint Boniface de Lausanne 1231-1239\n Jean de Cossonay 1240-1273\n  1273-1301\n G\u00e9rard de Vuippens 1302-1309\n Othon de Champvent 1309-1312\n Pierre d'Oron 1313-1323\n Jean de Rossillon 1323-1341\n Jean III de Bertrand 1341-1342 ;\n Geoffroi de Vayrols 1342-1347\n Fran\u00e7ois Pr\u00e9vost (Proust) de Virieu dit aussi de Montfaucon 1347-1354 \n Aymon de Cossonay 1355-1375\n Guy de Prangins 1375-1394, descendant de la Famille de Cossonay.\n Aymon S\u00e9chal administrateur, 1394-1394\n Guillaume de Menthonay 1394-1406\n Guillaume de Challant 1406-1431\n Louis de la Palud 1431-1433\n Jean de Prangins 1433-1440, (nomm\u00e9 \u00e9v\u00eaque d'Aoste en 1440).\n Georges de Saluces 1440-1461\n Guillaume de Varax 1462-1466\n Jean Michel 1466-1468\n Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my Chuet, administrateur 1469-1472\n Julien de Rov\u00e8re, 1472-1473, futur pape Jules II, 1503-1513,\n Beno\u00eet de Montferrand 1476-1491\n Aymon de Montfalcon 1491-1517\n S\u00e9bastien de Montfalcon 1517-1536\n\n\u00c9v\u00eaques en exil 1536-1609 (\"Catalogue chronologique des \u00e9v\u00eaques de Lausanne\" par Jean Gremaud) \n S\u00e9bastien de Montfalcon 1536-1560\n Claude-Louis Alardet 1560-1561\n Antoine de Gorrevod 1562-1598\n Jean Doroz 1600-1607\n si\u00e8ge vacant (1607-1610)\n\n\u00c9v\u00eaques de Lausanne 1609-1814 \n Jean de Watteville O.Cist. 1610-1649\n Jost Knab 1652-1658\n Si\u00e8ge vacant, administrateur apostolique : Henri Fuchs 1658-1662\n Jean-Baptiste de Strambino o.f.m. 1662-1684\n Pierre de Montenach 1688-1707\n Jacques Duding 1707-1716\n Claude-Antoine Duding 1716-1745\n Joseph-Hubert de Boccard 1746-1758\n Joseph-Nicolas de Montenach 1758-1782\n Bernard-Emmanuel de Lenzbourg OCist 1782-1795\n Jean-Baptiste d'Odet 1796-1803\n Joseph-Antoine Maxime Guisolan OFM Cap.  1804-1814\n\n\u00c9v\u00eaques de Lausanne et Gen\u00e8ve d\u00e8s 1821 \n Pierre-Tobie Yenni (1815-1845)\n \u00c9tienne Marilley (1846-1879)\n Christophore Cosandey (1879-1882)\n Gaspard Mermillod (1883-1891)\n Joseph D\u00e9ruaz (1891-1911)\n Andr\u00e9-Maurice Bovet (1911-1915)\n Placide Colliard (1915-1920)\n\n\u00c9v\u00eaques de Lausanne, Gen\u00e8ve et Fribourg d\u00e8s 1924 \n Marius Besson (1920-1945)\n Fran\u00e7ois Charri\u00e8re (1945-1970)\n Pierre Mamie (1970-1995)\n Am\u00e9d\u00e9e Grab (1995-1998)\n Bernard Genoud (1999-2010)\n Charles Morerod, o.p. (2011-pr\u00e9sent)\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticles connexes \n Dioc\u00e8se de Lausanne, Gen\u00e8ve et Fribourg\n Dioc\u00e8se de Gen\u00e8ve\n Liste des \u00e9v\u00eaques de Gen\u00e8ve\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n \n \n \n .\n\nLausanne\nEvequesLausanne\nPortail:Fribourg/Articles li\u00e9s", "meta": {"title": "Liste des \u00e9v\u00eaques de Lausanne, Gen\u00e8ve et Fribourg", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste%20des%20%C3%A9v%C3%AAques%20de%20Lausanne%2C%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20et%20Fribourg", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'Escala is een gemeente in de Spaanse provincie Gerona in de regio Cataloni\u00eb met een oppervlakte van 16 km\u00b2. L'Escala telt  inwoners (). In 1992 werd in L'Escala de Olympische vlam aan land gebracht. Deze eer had L'Escala te danken aan haar geschiedenis. De eerste nederzetting van de Grieken in Spanje was hier.\n\nDemografische ontwikkeling \n\nBron: INE; 1857-2011: volkstellingen\n\nEscala", "meta": {"title": "L'Escala", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Escala", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sorority recruitment or rush is a process in which university undergraduate women join a sorority. It is a procedure that includes a number of themed rounds in which different events are included. The rounds are followed by preference night and finally bid day in which a college student receives an invitation to join a certain sorority. The recruitment process is different at all universities and different universities have different sororities, meaning not all schools have the same chapters. Students are continually joining sororities more on college campuses as membership has gone up nationwide, growing more than 15 percent from 2008 to 2011, to 285,543 undergraduates, according to the National Panhellenic Conference, which represents 26 nationally recognized sororities. The National Panhellenic Conference also has the task of regulating sorority recruitment. The sorority houses follow specific rules to avoid infractions like staying silent before the doors are opened to the house. The week before and during recruitment, girls are not allowed to wear their Sororities Greek letters out of their sorority houses to avoid influencing a potential new member (PNM).\n\nHistory \nThe recruitment process has been around since the beginning of the formation of sororities, the first, Alpha Delta Pi being founded in 1851 at Wesleyan Female College. The recruitment into Greek life on college campuses has experienced failures that ultimately led to the adoption of a centralized matching procedure whereby a matching is determined by preference lists submitted by the potential new members. In the beginning of the formation of Greek organizations, seniors were the only ones who were eligible to join; however, more students from other grade levels desired to be a part of Greek life and it was opened to juniors, then sophomores, and finally freshmen. The process of \"lifting\", in which a Greek member would leave one chapter and join another, was not uncommon in the late 1800s and early 1900s during the start of fraternities and sororities; however, it was frowned upon. To solve this issue and others, the first intersorority conference was called to discuss interfraternity cooperation. Although resolutions were passed, they had little effect until 1928 when the National Panhellenic Council was ready to focus on a centralized system of matching and the first mention of the preferential bidding system began. This preferential bidding system has since been incorporated into the current recruitment activities of sororities.\n\nTerms \nThere are different terms used in the recruitment process, they may vary from university to university, but some of the general terms include:\n Active: A sorority woman who has been formally initiated by her chapter.\n Bid: A formal invitation to join a sorority.\n Chapter: The local group of a larger national organization, designated by a special Greek letter name.\n Legacy: A woman whose grandmother, mother or sister is an alumna or an active member of a sorority.\n House director: An adult who lives in a sorority house and cares for all chapter members like a mother-figure away from home.\n Recruitment guide: Often referred to as \u201cRho Gammas\u201d or \u201cPi Chis\u201d, lead girls through the week of recruitment, making sure they attend the correct houses, answer questions, and offer support. They are a part of a certain sorority but not allowed to reveal which one until the end of the week.\n Initiation: The formal ceremony when a woman takes an oath and becomes a full member of her sorority.\n New member: The preferred term for a pledge, a member of a sorority or fraternity who has not been initiated as an active member. \n Panhellenic: A term meaning \"all Greek.\" Refers to the local Panhellenic Council on campus.\n Pin: The sorority or fraternity membership badge.\n Potential New Member: Often referred to as PNM's, potential new member is the new term for rushee.\n\nPreparation \nSome potential new members begin preparing in the summer before the school year begins. They create a resume emphasizing community service, leadership, academics and teamwork; letters of recommendation from alumnae of each chapter, preferably on the campus in question; and learning of  letters before beginning the rush process. Some schools have no prerequisites, and girls can decide to go through the rush process weeks before. A potential new member will usually need to register for recruitment. Registration will vary by school and there may be a deadline and a fee for registration.\n\nRecruitment guides \nPNMs will be assigned a recruitment guide to lead them through the week\u2019s activities and assist the women by answering question and giving moral support. The program of recruitment guides was developed by the National Panhellenic Council to provide support for the potential new members before, during, and after the recruitment process. These guides are called \"Rho Gammas,\" \"Pi Chis,\" \"Gamma Chis\" or something similar, but all have the same task no matter the title.\n\nRecruitment rounds \nThe process includes a number of rounds that usually last around 5 days, with one round per day. Rush occurs at different times of years depending on the university it usually happens in early fall, mid January, and/or spring. There are different themes for each round, including philanthropy and skits. The first rounds are the shortest, getting longer each day. The beginning rounds include small conversations with sisters in the sorority, then comes philanthropy and skit rounds. Once the new member completes a round at a house she will go back to her recruitment counselor and make note of how she liked the chapter. The number of houses a new member visits narrows each day to preference night which is usually the longest and most serious round, in which a potential new member will visit only 1-3 chapter houses at a typical campus. Bid day is the final day of recruitment and can have several different outcomes: the PNM could receive a bid from her top choice, receive a bid from one of the other chapters she visited on preference night, not receive a bid, or receive a phone call offering a snap bid. Girls can either accept or deny the bids they are given, and the chapters have big celebrations welcoming the now new members into the sorority.\n\nCost \nSororities can often cost a considerable amount of money in order to join. Most schools make you pay for just rushing, as some sororities give out shirts and sometimes a little food. Once in the sorority there are more payments. There is a date function every semester, semi in the fall and formal in the spring. Each one of these events requires the sorority to rent  a place that can hold all sorority members, and potentially their dates. Every sorority has a sisterhood planner in charge of organising all  sisterhood activities. Each sorority is also required to pay some money to CPC, the head of sororities.\n\nCriticism \nSeveral sororities were criticized for their methods of recruitment. One notable incident was a recruitment video of Alpha Phi from the University of Alabama. The video was compared to Girls Gone Wild and was criticized by several for its lack of diversity and for its apparent sexism. The video was later removed from their YouTube channel. Another notable incident was a viral recruitment video of Alpha Delta Pi from the University of Texas where many individuals stack on top of each other behind their sorority house door. Many individuals on Twitter were horrified by the videos, some even comparing the recruitment method to the Gates of Hell. The sorority was also criticized for their lack of diversity.\n\nReferences\n\nSororities\nRecruitment", "meta": {"title": "Sorority recruitment", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorority%20recruitment", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El XXXVIII Campeonato Mundial de Curling Masculino se celebr\u00f3 en Hamilton (Canad\u00e1) entre el 23 y el 31 de marzo de 1996 bajo la organizaci\u00f3n de la Federaci\u00f3n Mundial de Curling (WCF) y la Federaci\u00f3n Canadiense de Curling.\n\nLas competiciones se realizaron en el Copps Coliseum de la ciudad canadiense.\n\nTabla de posiciones\n\nCuadro final\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n\nCampeonato Mundial de Curling Femenino de 1996\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos\nResultados oficiales .\n\nM 1996\nCurling en 1996\nCurling", "meta": {"title": "Campeonato Mundial de Curling Masculino de 1996", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campeonato%20Mundial%20de%20Curling%20Masculino%20de%201996", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0446\u043e\u0432\u043e\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0436\u043e\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0422\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0420\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0422\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0445\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e-\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u044c\u044f \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0446\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e 21 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 (\u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439) \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e-\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430, \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430. \u0410\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0430\u00a0\u2014 198 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f.\n\n\u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \n\u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0451\u043f\u043b\u044b\u043c \u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430\u00a0\u2014 3,9\u202f\u00b0C. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430 (\u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f)\u00a0\u2014 \u221210,2\u00a0\u00b0C (\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u00a0\u2014 \u221248\u00a0\u00b0C); 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{"text": "\u041a\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0457. \u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0422\u0440\u043e\u044f\u043d.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \n\u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f 2011 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430  \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430, \u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 58 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 (95,1%) \u2014 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438.\n\n\u0420\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443 2011 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456:\n\n\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0421\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u041b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Camelids are members of the biological family Camelidae, the only currently living family in the suborder Tylopoda. The seven extant members of this group are: dromedary camels, Bactrian camels, wild Bactrian camels,  llamas, alpacas, vicu\u00f1as, and guanacos. Camelids are even-toed ungulates classified in the order Cetartiodactyla, along with species like whales, pigs, deer, cattle, and antelopes.\n\nCharacteristics\n\nCamelids are large, strictly herbivorous animals with slender necks and long legs. They differ from ruminants in a number of ways. Their dentition show traces of vestigial central incisors in the incisive bone, and the third incisors have developed into canine-like tusks. Camelids also have true canine teeth and tusk-like premolars, which are separated from the molars by a gap. The musculature of the hind limbs differs from those of other ungulates in that the legs are attached to the body only at the top of the thigh, rather than attached by skin and muscle from the knee upwards. Because of this, camelids have to lie down by resting on their knees with their legs tucked underneath their bodies. They have three-chambered stomachs, rather than four-chambered ones; their upper lips are split in two, with each part separately mobile; and, uniquely among mammals, their red blood cells are elliptical. They also have a unique type of antibodies, which lack the light chain, in addition to the normal antibodies found in other mammals. These so-called heavy-chain antibodies are being used to develop single-domain antibodies with potential pharmaceutical applications.\n\nCamelids do not have hooves; rather, they have two-toed feet with toenails and soft foot pads (Tylopoda is Greek for \"padded foot\"). Most of the weight of the animal rests on these tough, leathery sole pads. The South American camelids have adapted to the steep and rocky terrain by adjusting the pads on their toes to maintain grip. The surface area of Camels foot pads can increase with increasing velocity in order to reduce pressure on the feet and larger members of the camelid species will usually have larger pad area to help distribute weight across the foot. Many fossil camelids were unguligrade and probably hooved, in contrast to all living species.\n\nCamelids are behaviorally similar in many ways, including their walking gait, in which both legs on the same side are moved simultaneously. While running, camelids engage a unique \"running pace gait\" in which limbs on the same side move in the same pattern they walk, with both left legs moving and then both right, this ensures that the fore and hind limb will not collide while in fast motion. During this motion there is a moment where all four limbs are off the ground at the same time. Consequently, camelids large enough for human beings to ride have a typical swaying motion.\n\nDromedary camels, bactrian camels, llamas, and alpacas are all induced ovulators.\n\nThe three Afro-Asian camel species have developed extensive adaptations to their lives in harsh, near-waterless environments. Wild populations of the Bactrian camel are even able to drink brackish water, and some herds live in nuclear test areas.\n\nComparative table of the seven extant species in the family Camelidae:\n\nEvolution\n\nCamelids are unusual in that their modern distribution is almost the inverse of their area of origin. Camelids first appeared very early in the evolution of the even-toed ungulates, around 50 to 40 million years ago during the middle Eocene, in present-day North America. Among the earliest camelids was the rabbit-sized Protylopus, which still had four toes on each foot. By the late Eocene, around 35 million years ago, camelids such as Poebrotherium had lost the two lateral toes, and were about the size of a modern goat.\n\nThe family diversified and prospered, but remained confined to the North American continent until only about two to three million years ago, when representatives arrived in Asia, and (as part of the Great American Interchange that followed the formation of the Isthmus of Panama) South America. A high arctic camel from this time period has been documented in the far northern reaches of Canada.\n\nThe original camelids of North America remained common until the quite recent geological past, but then disappeared, possibly as a result of hunting or habitat alterations by the earliest human settlers, and possibly as a result of changing environmental conditions after the last ice age, or a combination of these factors. Three species groups survived: the dromedary of northern Africa and southwest Asia; the Bactrian camel of central Asia; and the South American group, which has now diverged into a range of forms that are closely related, but usually classified as four species: llamas, alpacas, guanacos, and vicu\u00f1as.  Camelids were domesticated by early Andean peoples, and remain in use today.\n\nFossil camelids show a wider variety than their modern counterparts. One North American genus, Titanotylopus, stood 3.5 m at the shoulder, compared with about 2 m for the largest modern camelids. Other extinct camelids included small, gazelle-like animals, such as Stenomylus. Finally, a number of very tall, giraffe-like camelids were adapted to feeding on leaves from high trees, including such genera as Aepycamelus and Oxydactylus.\n\nWhether the wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus) is in fact a distinct species or a subspecies (Camelus bactrianus ferus) is still debated. The divergence date is 0.7 million years ago, long before the start of domestication.\n\nScientific classification\n\nFamily Camelidae\n \u2020Subfamily Poebrotheriinae\n \u2020Subfamily Miolabinae\n \u2020Subfamily Stenomylinae\n \u2020Subfamily Floridatragulinae\n Subfamily Camelinae\n Tribe Lamini\n Genus: Lama\n Llama, Lama glama\n Guanaco, Lama guanicoe\n Alpaca, Lama pacos\n Vicu\u00f1a, Lama vicugna\n Genus: Hemiauchenia\n \u2020Hemiauchenia macrocephala\n \u2020Hemiauchenia minima\n \u2020Hemiauchenia blancoensis\n \u2020Hemiauchenia vera\n \u2020Hemiauchenia paradoxa\n Genus Palaeolama\n \u2020Palaeolama mirifica\n Tribe Camelini\n Genus: Camelus\n Bactrian camel, Camelus bactrianus\n Dromedary, Camelus dromedarius\n Wild Bactrian camel, Camelus ferus\n \u2020Syrian camel, Camelus moreli\n \u2020Camelus sivalensis\nGenus: Camelops\n \u2020Camelops hesternus\nGenus: Paracamelus\n \u2020Paracamelus gigas\n\nPhylogeny\n\nExtinct genera\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n Pictures of camelid species\n\n \nExtant Lutetian first appearances\nMammal families\nTaxa named by John Edward Gray\nTylopoda", "meta": {"title": "Camelidae", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelidae", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "This Disaster: Live in London is New Found Glory's second DVD, and first live DVD. The DVD features a show that they performed at The Forum in London, England, on August 31, 2004, as well as many extras including a behind-the-scenes look on their tours and acoustic radio performances.\n\nThe DVD's title is derived from the song \"This Disaster\" off the band's fourth album, Catalyst (2004). It is most likely that the title was chosen, because in the middle of the band's set the main power to the venue went out.\n\nContent\n\nLive at the Forum, London, England\nWhat makes this show so unique is that during the show while the band was playing \"Dressed to Kill\", the main power to the venue went out. As a result, the band could not continue their performance. However, in an effort to keep the show going, the band played two acoustic songs while the power was being restored, namely \"My Friends over You\" and \"I Don't Wanna Know\". After finishing the song, the power was restored and the band continued their set as planned, including full band versions of both songs.\n\nSetlist\n\nThis Disaster\nThe cameras filming the concert were not affected by the blackout. Thus, the DVD's second section features a montage of the 45 minute footage of New Found Glory's efforts to continue the show. After a failed attempt to employ a megaphone, Jordan Pundik and James Dewees perform an acoustic version of \"My Friends over You\", using an already restored microphone and keyboard, and \"I Don't Wanna Know\", with the addition of Chad Gilbert on acoustic guitar.\n\n \"My Friends Over You (Acoustic)\"\n \"I Don't Wanna Know (Acoustic)\"\n\nSpecial Features/Behind the Scenes/Truth of My Youth\nFollowing the DVD's main feature are two bonus acoustic songs: A third rendition of \"I Don't Wanna Know\", performed for UK magazine Kerrang!, and an acoustic performance of \"All Downhill from Here\", filmed during the Warped Tour 2004.\n\nThe behind the scenes chapter comprises a montage of video material, mainly shot during New Found Glory's European tour. It runs 28 minutes and contains, similar to their first home DVD The Story So Far (2002), band members' alter egos, numerous costumes and various shots of on stage footage, ranging from shows in small clubs to giant arenas.\n\nThe DVD's last chapter contains a picture gallery rolling to instrumental versions of New Found Glory's \"Truth of My Youth\", \"Your Biggest Mistake\", and \"Whiskey Rose\".\n\n2004 films\nNew Found Glory albums", "meta": {"title": "This Disaster: Live in London", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This%20Disaster%3A%20Live%20in%20London", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0448\u0451\u0432 (1911\u20141987)\u00a0\u2014 \u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b, \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430 (1945).\n\n\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0448\u0451\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f 11 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1911 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435 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\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\n\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\n\n\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \n\n\u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0451\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0425\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043d\n\u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0451\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u043b\u0445\u0438\u043d-\u0413\u043e\u043b\u0435 (\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420)\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440\u044b \u0432\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435\n\u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044e \u00ab\u0417\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u00bb", "meta": {"title": "\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0448\u0451\u0432, \u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%91%D0%B2%2C%20%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%20%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Das filmforum in Duisburg ist das \u00e4lteste kommunale Kino in Deutschland. Es wurde am 27. September 1970 er\u00f6ffnet und wird heute von der filmforum GmbH betrieben.\n\nBereits seit 1959 wurden im Rahmen der Volkshochschularbeit in Duisburg regelm\u00e4\u00dfig anspruchsvolle Filme unter dem Programmtitel \u201efilmforum\u201c vorgef\u00fchrt. Der gro\u00dfe Erfolg f\u00fchrte zur Gr\u00fcndung des \u201efilmforums\u201c der Volkshochschule als fortlaufend spielendes Kino. Das kommerzielle Kinoprogramm sollte um ein kommunales Filmkunsttheater erg\u00e4nzt werden.\nAnfang der 1970er Jahre f\u00fchrte das Kino gemeinsam mit dem Land Nordrhein-Westfalen die \u201eFilminformationstage\u201c durch, wo man sich auf ausgew\u00e4hlte westdeutsche Filme konzentrierte. Hieraus entstand 1977 die Duisburger Filmwoche.\n\nDie Filmauff\u00fchrungen fanden zun\u00e4chst im gro\u00dfen Saal der Volkshochschule Duisburg statt. Sp\u00e4ter zog man in das Studio M der Mercatorhalle.\n1980 bezog man schlie\u00dflich das eigene Haus im Duisburger Dellviertel. In dem nach dem Krieg zerst\u00f6rten und wieder aufgebauten Haus am Dellplatz befand sich schon seit den 1940er Jahren ein Kino.\n\nVon besonderer Bedeutung ist das filmhistorische Archiv des filmforums. Es geh\u00f6rt zu den gr\u00f6\u00dften in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Dort ist eine Vielzahl bedeutender Filmdokumente untergebracht, so beispielsweise eine Kopie von Sergej Eisensteins Panzerkreuzer Potemkin und der lange als verschollen geglaubte Filmklassiker Gerettet von Rover.\n\nSommerkino \nSeit 1996 veranstaltet das filmforum in Kooperation mit dem Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord j\u00e4hrlich im Juli und August ein Open-Air-Kino in der Gie\u00dfhalle des ehemaligen H\u00fcttenwerkes. Haupt- und Namenssponsor dieser Veranstaltung war zun\u00e4chst Diebels (Diebels Open Air Kino), seit 2007 die Stadtwerke Duisburg (Stadtwerke Sommerkino). Im Jahr 2016 wurde mit 44.125 verkauften Tickets die bislang h\u00f6chste Zuschauerzahl im \u201eSommerkino\u201c erreicht.\n\nWeblinks \n Website des filmforums\n Stadtwerke Sommerkino\n\nKino in Nordrhein-Westfalen\nKommunales Kino in Deutschland\nKinemathek\nMedien (Duisburg)\nKulturelle Organisation (Duisburg)\nDellviertel", "meta": {"title": "Filmforum Duisburg", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmforum%20Duisburg", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "El Alto Tribunal Penal Iraqu\u00ed es el \u00f3rgano jurisdiccional creado a ra\u00edz de la intervenci\u00f3n de los norteamericanos en Irak. Se compone de un juez, un fiscal y un jurado, adem\u00e1s del abogado o abogados defensores del acusado. B\u00e1sicamente se apega a las leyes del derecho internacional, aunque algunos pa\u00edses han criticado su actuaci\u00f3n durante el juicio y posterior ejecuci\u00f3n de Saddam Husein.\n\nEste tribunal es utilizado para cr\u00edmenes y criminales no corrientes, sino aquellos que han influido en el pasado iraqu\u00ed, sobre todo durante la dictadura de Husein, es adem\u00e1s, el \u00fanico tribunal de cr\u00edmenes de lesa humanidad del Siglo XXI donde la pena capital est\u00e1 vigente y es el \u00fanico tribunal compuesto por la presencia de jueces de la misma nacionalidad que los acusados.\n\nAcusados y condenas\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n\nJuicios de Nuremberg\nJuicios de Tokio\nTribunal Penal Internacional para Ruanda\nTribunal de Camboya\nTribunal especial para Sierra Leona\n\nPol\u00edtica de Irak\nRelaciones Estados Unidos-Irak\nTribunales internacionales\nDerecho penal internacional\nCr\u00edmenes contra la humanidad\nJuicios por delitos contra la humanidad", "meta": {"title": "Alto Tribunal Penal iraqu\u00ed", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alto%20Tribunal%20Penal%20iraqu%C3%AD", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Topla fronta je atmosferska fronta izme\u0111u dviju razli\u010ditih zra\u010dnih masa u kojoj se topliji zrak premje\u0161ta tako da potiskuje hladni zrak, podi\u017eu\u0107i se iznad njega u obliku blago polo\u017eenoga klina. Nagib je frontalne plohe malen (0.5 do 1\u00b0). Pri dizanju na grani\u010dnoj plohi vla\u017eni se zrak toplije zra\u010dne mase adijabatski hladi, a vodena para ukapljuje se u slojaste oblake \u0161irine od 600 do 1000\u00a0kilometara. Brzina premje\u0161tanja tople fronte dose\u017ee, a rje\u0111e prelazi brzinu od 10 m/s. U predfrontalnom podru\u010dju pada oborina, koja je blizu fronte ja\u010da (intenzivnija) i stalnija. \u0160irina je podru\u010dja oborine 200 do 400\u00a0kilometara, \u0161to ovisi o polo\u017eaju (lokalitetu) i ja\u010dini ciklone te o godi\u0161njem dobu: zimi je \u0161ira nego ljeti. Pri prolazu fronte temperatura raste, smjer i brzina vjetra mijenjaju se i \u010desto pada rosulja. Na\u00a0sinopti\u010dkoj karti se ucrtava na mjestu gdje se sijeku frontalna ploha i povr\u0161ina Zemlje. Tople fronte su ve\u0107inom stabilnog tipa sa slojetivom naoblakom, me\u0111utim ako je topla zra\u010dna masa nestabilna, javljaju se oblaci uspravnog razvitka, pa su oborine u predfrontalnom djelu povremeno poja\u010dane pluskovima i popra\u0107ene grmljavinom. To je topla fronta nestabilnog tipa koja je \u010de\u0161\u0107e u ljetnim mjesecima.\n\nAtmosferske fronte \n\nNa granici izme\u0111u dviju razli\u010ditih zra\u010dnih masa postoje nagle promjene meteorolo\u0161kih pojava. Ta se granica sastoji od uskog podru\u010dja, takozvane frontalne zone, koja se pri promatranju u prostornom kretanju na vremenskoj karti smatra i frontalnom plohom. Linija presjeka frontalne plohe s povr\u0161inom Zemlje zove se fronta. Pri prolazu fronte preko nekog mjesta na tlu naglo se mijenjaju uz temperaturu zraka i vjetar i ostale meteorolo\u0161ke pojave kao \u0161to su vla\u017enost zraka, tlak zraka, naoblaka, vidljivost i tako dalje, a mogu nastati i oborine. Budu\u0107i da prolaz fronte uzrokuje naglu promjenu vremena, to su fronte jedan od glavnih \u010dimbenika u analizi prizemnih sinopti\u010dkih karata i u prognozi vremena. \n\nTipi\u010dna frontalna zona u smjeru kretanja dose\u017ee i vi\u0161e tisu\u0107a kilometara, ima debljinu od oko 1 kilometar, obuhva\u0107a \u0161irinu ne ve\u0107u od 100 kilometara, a po visini se mo\u017ee protezati od povr\u0161ine Zemlje pa do tropopauze (oko 11 kilometara). Frontalna ploha je nagnuta prema tlu Zemlje pod kutom od 0,5\u00b0 do 1,5\u00b0.\n\nNagib fronte i okomiti raspored temperature, vlage, vjetra i drugih termodinami\u010dkih svojstava zra\u010dnih masa osobito se zapa\u017eaju na okomitim presjecima atmosfere. To su grafi\u010dki prikazi podataka aerolo\u0161kih stanica uzdu\u017e odabrane linije (obi\u010dno okomito na liniju fronte), s okomitim mjerama mnogostruko pove\u0107anim u usporedbi s vodoravnim mjerama. Okomiti presjeci naro\u010dito se mnogo upotrebljavaju u zrakoplovnoj meteorologiji. \n\nPrema zemljopisnom podru\u010dju fronte se razvrstavaju na arkti\u010dke fronte (nastaju izme\u0111u arkti\u010dke i polarne zra\u010dne mase), polarne fronte (nastaju izme\u0111u polarne i tropske zra\u010dne mase) i tropske fronte (nastaju izme\u0111u tropske i ekvatorijalne zra\u010dne mase). \n\nOsnovna podjela fronta odnosi se na toplinska (termi\u010dka) svojstva i smjer napredovanja pojedinih dijelova fronte. Tople fronte su oni dijelovi fronte koji se premje\u0161taju u stranu relativno hladnije zra\u010dne mase. Iza tople fronte premje\u0161ta se toplija zra\u010dna masa koja potiskuje hladniju zra\u010dnu masu. Hladne fronte su dijelovi fronte koji se pomi\u010du relativno prema toplijoj zra\u010dnoj masi. Iza hladne fronte nastupa hladna zra\u010dna masa, dok predfrontalna zra\u010dna masa odstupa. Brzine ovih tipova fronte me\u0111usobno se bitno razlikuju: hladna fronta u sklopu ciklone napreduje br\u017ee od tople i s vremenom je dosti\u017ee pa nastaje novi tip takozvana fronta okluzije, gdje pri tlu ne postoje temperaturni kontrasti, jer su u dodiru dvije ne\u0161to razli\u010dito temperirane hladne zra\u010dne mase.\n\nVrijeme na frontama \nSvojstvene vremenske pojave vezane uz toplu, odnosno hladnu frontu bitno su razli\u010dite. \n\nU toploj fronti topliji zrak struji iznad klina hladnijeg zraka. Sustav oblaka tople fronte zapa\u017ea se u prvom redu ispred linije fronte na tlu, a stvara se iznad klina hladnijeg zraka. Pribli\u017eavanjem tople fronte najprije se na obzoru pojavljuju cirusi, koje slijedi sloj cirostratusa. Daljim pribli\u017eavanjem tople fronte cirostratusi postepeno prelaze u ni\u017ei i gu\u0161\u0107i sloj altostratusa koji se dalje zgu\u0161\u0107uje, a njihova podnica se spu\u0161ta pa prelaze u nimbostratus velike debljine (obi\u010dno od 5 do 6 kilometara) iz koje pada oborina; \u0161irina je pojasa oborine oko 300 kilometara. \n\nPri prolazu tople fronte, osim naoblake, svojstvena je i promjena drugih pojava: ispred linije fronte tlak zraka pada, a nakon prolaza tlak ostaje uglavnom nepromijenjen, vjetar mijenja smjer, temperatura poraste, oborina prestaje, te se djelomi\u010dno razvedrava. \n\nProdori hladnih zra\u010dnih masa nastaju prolazom hladne fronte, koja je po vremenskim svojstvima op\u0107enito mnogo izra\u017eenija od tople fronte. Klin hladnog zraka u napredovanju ima ve\u0107i nagib od tople fronte, pa u labilnom zraku nastaju konvektivni oblaci, \u010desto s jakim pljuskovima i grmljavinom. \n\nPrema Bergeronu razlikuju se hladna fronta prve i hladna fronta druge vrste.  \n\nHladna fronta prve vrste nastaje naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e u stadiju razvoja ciklone, i to blizu njena sredi\u0161ta. Nastaju kada hladna zra\u010dna masa brzo nadire i podvla\u010di se pod topliju zra\u010dnu masu, koju istiskuje. Brzina premje\u0161tanja fronte prve vrste rijetko dose\u017ee 10 m/s. Obla\u010dni sustav nalazi se uglavnom iza linije fronte i sli\u010dan je zrcalnoj slici tople fronte. Oborinski je pojas \u0161irok oko 100 kilometara, a \u0161irina obla\u010dnog sloja iznosi 300 do 500 km. U hladno doba je podru\u010dje oborina ve\u0107inom \u0161ire nego u toplom dobu. Ljeti je topli zrak nestabilan, a razvijanje kumulonimbusa je izra\u017einije te oni dopiru do tropopauze. \n\nU hladnoj fronti druge vrste osnovni je pojas oborina ispred linije fronte pri tlu. Nastaju kada hladna zra\u010dna masa brzo nadire i podvla\u010di se pod topliju zra\u010dnu masu, koju naglo istiskuje. Brzina premje\u0161tanja hladne fronte druge vrste prelazi brzinu od 10 m/s, a mo\u017ee i dosegnuti brzinu od 30 m/s. Obi\u010dno su to fronte koje se brzo gibaju u unutra\u0161njim dijelovima ciklone. Zrak i vodena para se naglo di\u017eu i hlade, a vodena para se kondenzira stvaraju\u0107i grudaste oblake na ili ispred crte fronte. Fronta ima sna\u017eno razvijene kumulonimbuse popra\u0107ene katkada grmljavinama i naglim kratkotrajnim poja\u010danim vjetrom. Pojas kumulonimbusa s pljuskovitim oborinama \u0161irok je od 50 do 100 kilometara, no ti oblaci obi\u010dno nisu kontinuirani. Pri prolazu fronte, uz pad temperature, svojstveno je naglo skretanje smjera vjetra na sjeverozapadni kvadrant, izrazit porast tlaka zraka i nakon prestanka oborine bitno pobolj\u0161anje vidljivosti.\n\nFronta okluzije \nFronta okluzije ujedinjuje svojstva tople i hladne fronte, a pojavljuje se u zavr\u0161noj fazi razvoja ciklone (okludiranje ciklone). Mogu\u0107a su 2 tipa okluzije: okluzija tipa hladne fronte i okluzija tipa tople fronte.\n\nOkluzija tipa tople fronte nastaje kad hladna fronta dostigne toplu frontu pri tlu, a hladni je zrak iza hladne fronte topliji od hladnog zraka ispred tople fronte. Hladna fronta podi\u017ee od tla topli zrak tople fronte, penju\u0107i se na jo\u0161 hladniji zrak koji se prvobitno nalazio ispred tople fronte. Obla\u010dni sustav mnogo sli\u010di na oblake tople fronte, a pojas oborine je ograni\u010den na podru\u010dje izme\u0111u fronte okluzije pri tlu i visinske hladne fronte. \n\nOkluzija tipa hladne fronte nastaje kada je zrak na stra\u017enjoj strani hladne fronte hladniji od hladnog zraka ispred tople fronte. Tada hladna fronta podi\u017ee od tla ne samo topli zrak tople fronte neago se kao klin uvla\u010di i ispod relativno zraka koji je prvobitno bio ispred tople fronte. Obla\u010dni sustav tog tipa fronte ima svojstva naoblake hladne fronte, s pojasom oborine s obje strane fronte okluzije. Fronta okluzije \u010desto je popra\u0107ena i grmljavinom, a kumulusi i kumulonimbusi pojavljuju se i iza fronte okluzije. Hladna okulzija ve\u0107inom nastaje uz isto\u010dne obale kontinenata. \n\nNakon prolaza fronte okluzije op\u0107enito nastupa razvedravanje. Uz promjene tlaka zraka zapa\u017eaju se i promjene smjera vjetra, no promjene su temperature zraka redovito malene.\n\nIzvori \n\nMeteorologija", "meta": {"title": "Topla fronta", "url": "https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topla%20fronta", "language": "hr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "est un personnage du manga Naruto. \n\nElle est la seconde personne apr\u00e8s Suigetsu \u00e0 rejoindre Sasuke dans son \u00e9quipe. Karin fait partie du clan Uzumaki (le m\u00eame clan que Naruto). Apr\u00e8s la destruction du village du Tourbillon, plusieurs membres du clan Uzumaki se sont s\u00e9par\u00e9s dans diff\u00e9rents villages. Karin et ses parents sont partis dans le village de Kusa.\n\nCr\u00e9ation et conception\n\nProfil\n\nApparence \n\nSa coupe de cheveux est sophistiqu\u00e9e : ses cheveux rouges sont mi-longs et \u00e9bouriff\u00e9s du c\u00f4t\u00e9 droit et lisses du c\u00f4t\u00e9 gauche, avec deux m\u00e8ches tombant sur son front. Elle porte des lunettes (dont les branches cachent des lames) et a un grain de beaut\u00e9 sur le c\u00f4t\u00e9 gauche de la l\u00e8vre (lequel n'appara\u00eet cependant pas dans lanime). Selon Kabuto, Karin est apparent\u00e9e au clan Uzumaki, ce qui explique ses capacit\u00e9s de r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration.\n\n Histoire \n\nKarin \u00e9tait la gardienne du repaire Sud d'Orochimaru. Charg\u00e9e de maintenir l'ordre et de surveiller les prisonniers, elle assistait \u00e9galement Orochimaru dans certaines de ses exp\u00e9riences.\n\nApr\u00e8s avoir vaincu Orochimaru, Sasuke vient au repaire Sud avec Suigetsu H\u00f4zuki dans le but de l'int\u00e9grer \u00e0 son \u00e9quipe \u00ab Hebi \u00bb afin de profiter de ses capacit\u00e9s \u00e0 ressentir le chakra.\n\nD'abord r\u00e9ticente \u00e0 rejoindre Sasuke, \u00e0 cause de son poste de gardienne, sa position changera radicalement lorsque Suigetsu partira lib\u00e9rer les prisonniers et qu'elle restera seule avec Sasuke. Attir\u00e9e par ce dernier, elle tentera de lui faire abandonner Suigetsu pour qu'ils partent tous les deux seuls. Au retour de ce dernier, elle pr\u00e9textera vouloir \u00ab aller dans la m\u00eame direction \u00bb afin de les suivre.\n\nApr\u00e8s avoir recrut\u00e9 J\u00fbgo, elle partira \u00e0 la recherche d'informations concernant Itachi dans une r\u00e9gion assez proche. Pendant ce temps, Sasuke combat Deidara. Retrouvant Sasuke dans un sale \u00e9tat, le reste de l'\u00e9quipe se cachera dans une auberge. Karin sentira alors les ninjas de Konoha \u00e0 leur poursuite.\n\nOriginaire de Kusa, Karin a particip\u00e9 \u00e0 l'examen ch\u016bnin et y a rencontr\u00e9 Sasuke qui l'a d\u00e9fendue contre un ours dans la \u00ab For\u00eat de la Mort \u00bb alors qu'elle \u00e9tait s\u00e9par\u00e9e de ses co\u00e9quipiers. Ce fait n'est cependant connu qu'au cours de la seconde partie du manga. D\u2019apr\u00e8s un \u00e9pisode hors-s\u00e9rie de l\u2019anime, elle a rencontr\u00e9 Orochimaru peu de temps apr\u00e8s l'examen ch\u016bnin, ce dernier l'ayant secourue face \u00e0 deux hommes l\u2019agressant pour vendre son corps au march\u00e9 noir.\n\nApr\u00e8s la mort d'Itachi Uchiwa, but de l'\u00e9quipe \u00ab Hebi \u00bb, Karin reste dans le groupe renomm\u00e9 \u00ab Taka \u00bb alli\u00e9 \u00e0 Akatsuki. Leur premi\u00e8re mission est de retrouver Hachibi. \u00c0 la suite du combat contre le bij\u016b, l'\u00e9quipe sera affaiblie, malgr\u00e9 la capacit\u00e9 de Karin \u00e0 soigner les gens lorsqu'on la mord. La jeune fille manqua m\u00eame de se faire tuer par Amaterasu, d\u00e9clench\u00e9 par Sasuke. \u00c0 la suite de cette mission, l'\u00e9quipe d\u00e9cida de se lancer \u00e0 l'assaut de Konoha. \n\nMais, Tobi appara\u00eet, annon\u00e7ant \u00e0 Sasuke que Danz\u00f4, l'une des personnes ayant conduit Itachi \u00e0 la tra\u00eetrise de son clan, se dirige vers le \u00ab Conseil des cinq kage \u00bb ; l'\u00e9quipe Taka d\u00e9cide de s'y rendre. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses talents sensoriels, Karin d\u00e9tecte rapidement Danz\u00f4 ; durant le combat de Sasuke contre le  Raikage, Karin sent \u00e9maner de Sasuke un chakra mal\u00e9fique. \u00c0 la suite de ce combat, elle se retrouve seule avec Sasuke, et ils r\u00e9ussirent \u00e0 entrer dans la salle de r\u00e9union des kage, mais Sasuke ne fait pas le poids face aux kage pr\u00e9sents dans la pi\u00e8ce, et Karin se retrouve aspir\u00e9e dans une autre dimension avec Sasuke, par Tobi afin de soigner le jeune homme.\n\nLorsque Tobi les fait sortir, c'est face \u00e0 Danz\u00f4. D\u00e9bute alors le combat de Sasuke contre Danz\u00f4. Ce dernier utilise une technique interdite secr\u00e8te lui permettant de transformer tous les coups qu'il prend en illusion. Karin parvint \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir le secret de Danz\u00f4 concernant le fonctionnement de cette technique, confirmant les intuitions de Sasuke, qui r\u00e9ussira \u00e0 tromper Danz\u00f4 et \u00e0 le blesser. Sasuke, \u00e9galement bless\u00e9, sera soign\u00e9 par Karin, mais Danz\u00f4 continue le combat et prend en otage la jeune fille, esp\u00e9rant ainsi maintenir Sasuke \u00e0 distance.  Sasuke dira alors \u00e0 Karin qu'elle est devenue un \u00ab obstacle pour lui \u00bb en se faisant prendre en otage, puis les transperce tous les deux de sa \u00ab Lance Chidori \u00bb (Chidori Eis\u014d). Gravement bless\u00e9e, elle se rem\u00e9more sa rencontre avec Sasuke lors de l'examen ch\u016bnin. Sur le conseil de Tobi, Sasuke s'appr\u00eate \u00e0 l'achever mais est interrompu par l'arriv\u00e9e de Sakura qui pr\u00e9tend vouloir le rejoindre et d\u00e9serter Konoha. Sasuke demande alors \u00e0 Sakura de tuer Karin pour prouver sa loyaut\u00e9. Sakura s'appr\u00eate \u00e0 retourner son arme contre Sasuke quand ce dernier cherche \u00e0 la tuer par derri\u00e8re. Il est stopp\u00e9 par l'arriv\u00e9e de Kakashi qui engage alors un combat contre son ancien \u00e9l\u00e8ve. Sakura emporte Karin \u00e0 l'\u00e9cart pour la soigner. D\u00e9\u00e7ue par le comportement de Sasuke, elle dit \u00ab en avoir termin\u00e9 \u00bb avec lui et se laisse emmener par Kakashi \u00e0 Konoha, o\u00f9 elle est interrog\u00e9e par Ibiki Morino.\n\nDurant la guerre, Karin reste enferm\u00e9e dans les prisons de Konoha, surveill\u00e9e par la division d\u2019Ibiki. Elle fait semblant de d\u00e9lirer face \u00e0 un portrait de Sasuke, exprimant successivement son amour pour lui, et sa haine r\u00e9sultant de la trahison du jeune homme, et parvient \u00e0 r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer discr\u00e8tement les armes qu\u2019elle avait cach\u00e9es dans le cadre du portrait. Parvenant \u00e0 s\u2019\u00e9chapper, elle rejoint Sasuke au moment o\u00f9 ce dernier sort de la cache secr\u00e8tes des Uchiwa avec Suigetsu, J\u00fbgo, Orochimaru et les Hokage. Karin dit \u00e0 Sasuke qu\u2019elle ne lui pardonnera jamais, mais lorsque ce dernier pr\u00e9sente ses excuses pour l\u2019avoir transperc\u00e9e, elle perd sa contenance et se comporte \u00e0 nouveau comme avant, plus amoureuse que jamais.\n\nAvec le reste de l'\u00e9quipe Taka, elle aide les cinq Kage \u00e0 se soigner lorsqu'Orochimaru am\u00e8ne l'\u00e9quipe Taka aupr\u00e8s d'eux. C'est en affrontant Guruguru qu'elle d\u00e9voile sa pleine capacit\u00e9 en d\u00e9ployant les cha\u00eenes de chakra propres au clan Uzumaki. Lorsque Madara active les Arcanes lunaires infinis, elle est prise dans l\u2019illusion avec l'ensemble des autres ninjas.\n\nElle est lib\u00e9r\u00e9e de l\u2019illusion par Naruto et Sasuke, mais dispara\u00eet avec les autres membres de son \u00e9quipe et ce qui advient d\u2019elle n\u2019est pas mentionn\u00e9.\n\nQuelques ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la fin de la guerre, Karin est rest\u00e9e au service d'Orochimaru. Devenue amie avec Sakura, elle l\u2019a aid\u00e9e \u00e0 mettre au monde Sarada lorsqu\u2019elles \u00e9taient \u00e0 la recherche de Sasuke, lui a offert des lunettes, et a conserv\u00e9 le cordon ombilical.\n\n Personnalit\u00e9 \n\nOn ne sait pas grand-chose de Karin ; elle  est amoureuse de Sasuke (elle a apparemment accept\u00e9 de rejoindre l'\u00e9quipe Hebi pour cette raison) ; dans l'\u00e9quipe, elle ne supporte pas Suigetsu (c'est r\u00e9ciproque) et juge J\u00fbgo comme \u00e9tant un fou dangereux, ce qui est la source de tensions dans le groupe.\n\nIl semble aussi, d'apr\u00e8s un sous-entendu de Suigetsu, qu'elle ait fait \u00ab quelque chose \u00bb \u00e0 Sasuke par le pass\u00e9.\n\nKarin est de caract\u00e8re impulsif et tr\u00e8s susceptible ; elle a tendance \u00e0 rougir facilement lorsqu\u2019une tierce personne fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 ses sentiments pour Sasuke.\n\n Capacit\u00e9s \n\nKarin peut d\u00e9tecter une personne par son seul chakra \u00e0 plusieurs kilom\u00e8tres avec une technique nomm\u00e9e . Son \u00ab troisi\u00e8me \u0153il \u00bb va jusqu'\u00e0 diff\u00e9rencier les humains des animaux et m\u00eame \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer, toujours par la nature du chakra, de quel animal il s'agit tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment. Elle peut \u00e9galement d\u00e9terminer le nombre de sources de chakra per\u00e7ues.\n\nElle peut \u00e9galement \u00ab masquer \u00bb son propre chakra aux experts en perception, mais ne peut pas utiliser ses capacit\u00e9s de perception simultan\u00e9ment.\n\nElle peut \u00e9galement soigner les gens en leur faisant sucer son chakra (d'o\u00f9 les marques de morsures sur son corps) comme elle l'a fait pour Sasuke lors de leur affrontement contre le jinch\u016briki de Hachibi, Killer Bee ou contre Danz\u00f4.\n\nDu fait de ses capacit\u00e9s de perception et de gu\u00e9rison, Karin reste souvent en retrait lors des combats, et ses techniques offensives restent \u00e0 l\u2019heure actuelle inconnues ; elle semble toutefois savoir se battre au corps \u00e0 corps puisqu\u2019elle met un prisonnier KO peu avant sa premi\u00e8re apparition.\n\nKarin sait \u00e9galement faire preuve d'ing\u00e9niosit\u00e9 : alors que l'\u00e9quipe de Konoha avait d\u00e9tect\u00e9 Sasuke apr\u00e8s son combat contre Deidara, elle utilise un vieux v\u00eatement de Sasuke qu'elle d\u00e9chire en plusieurs morceaux et les accroche \u00e0 des oiseaux afin de disperser l'odeur et de brouiller les pistes.\n\nC'est lors de la  Guerre Ninja que Karin utilise sa pleine puissance face \u00e0 Guruguru ne sentant plus le chakra de Sasuke, elle disperse des cha\u00eenes de chakra de son corps comme celles qu'utilisait Kushina Uzumaki.\n\n Apparition dans les autres m\u00e9dias \n\n Anime \n\nLa version anime'' d\u00e9veloppe un peu les talents de gardienne de Karin. \u00c0 la suite de rumeurs sur la mort d'Orochimaru, cette derni\u00e8re est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 des mouvements hostiles de la part des prisonniers, et r\u00e9ussit \u00e0 ma\u00eetriser la crise en infiltrant des espions et en mettant \u00e0 mort tous ceux qui colportent les rumeurs.\n\n Techniques Cha\u00eenes adamantines de chakra Karin fait sortir une ou plusieurs cha\u00eenes de son corps qui va attraper l'ennemi et stopper son flux de chakras.R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration En mordant Karin, celui-ci se soigne de ses blessures instantan\u00e9ment. Permet \u00e0 l'utilisateur de percevoir toutes les sources de chakra dans un rayon de 10 kilom\u00e8tres.'''\n Technique g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste permettant de d\u00e9tecter et ressentir le chakra.\n\nBibliographie\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n\nPersonnage de fiction cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 2007", "meta": {"title": "Karin (Naruto)", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karin%20%28Naruto%29", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie \u2013 dawna gromada, czyli najmniejsza jednostka podzia\u0142u terytorialnego Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej w latach 1954\u20131972.\n\nGromady, z gromadzkimi radami narodowymi (GRN) jako organami w\u0142adzy najni\u017cszego stopnia na wsi, funkcjonowa\u0142y od reformy reorganizuj\u0105cej administracj\u0119 wiejsk\u0105 przeprowadzonej jesieni\u0105 1954 do momentu ich zniesienia z dniem 1 stycznia 1973, tym samym wypieraj\u0105c organizacj\u0119 gminn\u0105 w latach 1954\u20131972.\n\nGromad\u0119 W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie z siedzib\u0105 GRN w W\u0105dro\u017cu Wielkim utworzono \u2013 jako jedn\u0105 z 8759 gromad na obszarze Polski \u2013 w powiecie legnickim w woj. wroc\u0142awskim, na mocy uchwa\u0142y nr 18/54 WRN we Wroc\u0142awiu z dnia 2 pa\u017adziernika 1954. W sk\u0142ad jednostki wesz\u0142y obszary dotychczasowych gromad W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie, W\u0105dro\u017ce Ma\u0142e, Wierzchowice, Miko\u0142ajowice i K\u0119py ze zniesionej gminy W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie oraz przysi\u00f3\u0142ek Strachowice z dotychczasowej gromady Legnickie Pole ze zniesionej gminy Legnickie Pole w tym\u017ce powiecie. Dla gromady ustalono 18 cz\u0142onk\u00f3w gromadzkiej rady narodowej.\n\n1 stycznia 1960 do gromady W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie w\u0142\u0105czono obszar zniesionej gromady Mierczyce w tym\u017ce powiecie.\n\n1 lipca 1968 z gromady W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie wy\u0142\u0105czono wie\u015b Miko\u0142ajowice, w\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105c j\u0105 do gromady Legnickie Pole w tym\u017ce powiecie.\n\n1 lipca 1968 do gromady W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie w\u0142\u0105czono obszar zniesionej gromady Budzisz\u00f3w Wielki w tym\u017ce powiecie.\n\nGromada przetrwa\u0142a do ko\u0144ca 1972 roku, czyli do kolejnej reformy gminnej. 1 stycznia 1973 w powiecie legnickim reaktywowano gmin\u0119 W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie (od 1999 gmina nale\u017cy do powiatu jaworskiego w woj. dolno\u015bl\u0105skim).\n\nPrzypisy \n\nWazzxdro\u017ce Wielkie", "meta": {"title": "W\u0105dro\u017ce Wielkie (gromada)", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C4%85dro%C5%BCe%20Wielkie%20%28gromada%29", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "O Banco Pastor \u00e9 o segundo banco mais antigo da Espanha, depois do Banco Etcheverr\u00eda. Come\u00e7ou sua atividade financeira em 1776 com o nome de Jaime Dalmau y C\u00eda. Seu fundador foi Jaime Dalmau Batista que at\u00e9 ent\u00e3o coordenava o tr\u00e1fego de mercadorias e passageiros entre o porto da Corunha e v\u00e1rios portos norte-americanos atrav\u00e9s de sua companhia mar\u00edtima. Os emigrantes tinham por costume enviar suas poupan\u00e7as atrav\u00e9s de sua companhia mar\u00edtima, e assim nasceu a ideia de criar o banco que come\u00e7ou a coordenar todo esse capital.\n\nEm 1819 entra Jos\u00e9 Pastor Taxonera como novo s\u00f3cio da companhia. Logo se tornaria o emblema da companhia e levaria todo o peso dos neg\u00f3cios. Em 1826, a companhia passa a se chamar Dalmau e Pastor.\n\nEm 1845 Jos\u00e9 Pastor Taxonera compra a companhia e muda-lhe o nome para Jos\u00e9 Pastor. Ap\u00f3s o falecimento deste em 1853 a companhia passa a se chamar Pastor Hermanos, sendo o diretor o filho do falecido e seus irm\u00e3os em 1860.\n\nEm 1868 a companhia troca de nome mais uma vez: agora se chama Jos\u00e9 Pastor y C\u00eda, pelo fato de Jos\u00e9 Pastor y Horta (o filho do antigo s\u00f3cio) se tornar o \u00fanico s\u00f3cio vivo. Com ele trabalha seu sobrinho, Pedro Barri\u00e9 y Pastor, que se mais tarde tornar-se-ia um s\u00f3cio.\n\nEm 1877 falece Jos\u00e9 Pastor y Horta, fazendo o banco passar para as m\u00e3os de seu herdeiro: Pedro Barri\u00e9 y Pastor, que mant\u00e9m o nome da companhia. Em 1888, entra para colaborar Ricardo Rodr\u00edguez Pastor, e o banco passa a se chamar Sobrinos de Jos\u00e9 Pastor. Em 1915, Pedro Barri\u00e9 de la Maza se torna s\u00f3cio ao regressar de sua forma\u00e7\u00e3o financeira na Alemanha, Gr\u00e3 Bretanha e Fran\u00e7a.\n\nEm 1939 Pedro Barri\u00e9 de la Maza se torna o \u00fanico dono do banco. Sob sua dire\u00e7\u00e3o, o Banco Pastor progride muito.\n\nPedro Barri\u00e9 de la Maza falece em 1971. Sua vi\u00fava, Carmela Arias y D\u00edaz de R\u00e1bago \u00e9 nomeada presidente do Banco, sendo a primeira mulher a presidir um Banco na Espanha. Ela s\u00f3 sairia deste cargo em 2001, por causa da idade avan\u00e7ada.\n\nEm 2006, o Banco Pastor valia mais de 3,5 bilh\u00f5es de euros, sendo um dos maiores bancos da Espanha.\n\nO Banco Pastor foi um dos cinco bancos espanhois que em julho de 2011 n\u00e3o passaram a segunda etapa da prova de resist\u00eancia (stress test) da Autoridade Banc\u00e1ria Europeia (European Banking Authority, EBA).\n\nLiga\u00e7\u00f5es externas\n\n \n\nBancos da Espanha", "meta": {"title": "Banco Pastor", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banco%20Pastor", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Va\u013ekov\u0148a () is a village and municipality in Brezno District, in the Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica Region of central Slovakia.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nhttp://www.e-obce.sk/obec/valkovna/valkovna.html\n\nVillages and municipalities in Brezno District", "meta": {"title": "Va\u013ekov\u0148a", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Va%C4%BEkov%C5%88a", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0438 () \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0420\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0412\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430. \n\nO\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 121 -{m}-.\n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441 2002.\n\n\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n\u041e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0420\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u0420\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u041e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0438 (\u0412\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0430)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%20%28%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B0%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Das Mission House wurde in der Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts in Stockbridge im Bundesstaat Massachusetts der Vereinigten Staaten durch den Missionar John Sergeant errichtet. Es ist als National Historic Landmark im National Register of Historic Places eingetragen und wird heute von der Organisation The Trustees of Reservations als Museum betrieben.\n\nGeschichte \nDas tats\u00e4chliche Baudatum des Hauses ist nicht eindeutig feststellbar. John Sergeant, der erste Missionar f\u00fcr die dort lebenden Mahican-Indianer, erhielt das Grundst\u00fcck bereits im Zuge der Gr\u00fcndung der Stadt Stockbridge im Jahr 1739, jedoch wird das Geb\u00e4ude erstmals 1742 erw\u00e4hnt. Das Haus wurde zun\u00e4chst auf dem Prospect Hill errichtet, jedoch in den 1920er Jahren durch Mabel Choate \u2013 damals Eigent\u00fcmerin des heutigen Schutzgebiets Naumkeag \u2013 an seinen heutigen Standort umgesetzt. Die Stockbridge Mission House Association schenkte es den Trustees zur weiteren Verwaltung im Jahr 1948.\n\nVon 1928 bis 1933 konzipierte und errichtete der renommierte Landschaftsarchitekt Fletcher Steele die G\u00e4rten des Hauses im Stil der Colonial-Revival-Architektur. In einem gesondert angelegten K\u00fcchengarten finden sich noch heute mehr als 100 Kr\u00e4uter sowie Ausdauernde Pflanzen und Einj\u00e4hrige Pflanzen, die f\u00fcr die fr\u00fchen Kolonisten entweder kulinarische oder medizinische Bedeutung hatten. Als Eingang zum Grundst\u00fcck dient heute ein Nachbau eines Verkaufsstands f\u00fcr Cobbler.\n\nIm Haus selbst kann eine umfangreiche Sammlung von Einrichtungsgegenst\u00e4nden und M\u00f6beln aus dem 18. Jahrhundert besichtigt werden. \u00dcber den Hinterhof gelangt man zu einem kleinen Bereich, in dem die Geschichte der Mahican-Indianer zum einen anhand von Artefakten dargestellt wird, die Mabel Choate in den 1930er Jahren sammelte, zum anderen aber auch mittels Geschichten von den heute lebenden Nachfahren.\n\nSiehe auch \n Liste der National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts\n Liste der Eintr\u00e4ge im National Register of Historic Places im Berkshire County\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\n \n The Mission House bei TripAdvisor\n\nThe Trustees of Reservations\nWohngeb\u00e4ude in Massachusetts\nMuseum in Massachusetts\nErbaut in den 1740er Jahren\nDenkmal im National Register of Historic Places (Massachusetts)\nNational Historic Landmark (Massachusetts)\nBauwerk aus Holz\nBauwerk im Berkshire County\nHistoric District Contributing Property (Massachusetts)\nOrganisation (Berkshire County)\nStockbridge (Massachusetts)\nMuseum in Nordamerika", "meta": {"title": "Mission House (Massachusetts)", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission%20House%20%28Massachusetts%29", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Tony Derrell Smith (born June 29, 1970) is a former professional American football player who played running back for three seasons for the Atlanta Falcons. Smith is known for supposedly being the player the Falcons drafted with the pick they acquired for Brett Favre in a trade with the Green Bay Packers. Contrary to popular belief, Smith was not drafted with the pick but rather another pick the Falcons had at their disposal.\n\nSouthern Mississippi \nA receiver turned running back, Smith rushed for 1,703 yards at Southern Mississippi and scored 12 touchdowns in three seasons. Favre was Smith's quarterback the first two seasons of his college career.\n\nNFL career \nSmith was chosen in the first round (19th overall) in the 1992 NFL Draft by the Falcons. Legend has it that Atlanta acquired this pick from Green Bay in exchange for Brett Favre, but Favre was actually traded for the 17th pick in the 1992 draft. Atlanta later traded this pick to the Dallas Cowboys. Atlanta received the 19th pick in the draft, which they used to draft Smith.\n Falcons Head Coach Jerry Glanville wanted the team to draft a defensive back and was unhappy with the choice of a running back.\n\nSmith got to his first training camp late, after a five-day holdout. He signed a $2.5 million contract, which was the richest in team history at the time. During his rookie season, he led the team with 87 carries and began returning kicks and punts.\n\nBut by his second year, still not in the favor of Glanville, Smith never played an offensive snap. The same thing happened the following season and Smith found himself a free agent after the 1994 season.\n\nSmith signed with the expansion Carolina Panthers, but broke his tibia and fibula in a preseason game against the Chicago Bears. He was placed on injured reserve and released the following offseason when his leg hadn't fully healed.\n\nSmith spent a season in the Canadian Football League with the Toronto Argonauts as an attempt to revive his NFL career. He was signed the following offseason with the Philadelphia Eagles in 1999, but Smith's career was officially over after he \"popped\" his hamstring and the Eagles released him on May 4, 1999,\n\nIn a 2016 interview, Smith claimed to be at peace with his NFL career being labeled a \"bust.\" \"I didn't go into the game to be a bust on purpose,\" Smith said. \"Sometimes, things just work out that way, you know. That's just what it was. Now, it's no big deal to me at this point. I've outgrown it.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1970 births\nLiving people\nPlayers of American football from Chicago\nAmerican football running backs\nSouthern Miss Golden Eagles football players\nAtlanta Falcons players", "meta": {"title": "Tony Smith (American football)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Smith%20%28American%20football%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le troph\u00e9e d'Auguste ou troph\u00e9e des Alpes est un monument romain comm\u00e9moratif \u00e0 l'\u00e9tat de ruine, datant de 7-6 , situ\u00e9 sur la commune de La Turbie dans les Alpes-Maritimes, en France. Il surplombe la principaut\u00e9 de Monaco. Son nom latin est Trop\u00e6um Alpium.\n\nHistorique \n\nLe troph\u00e9e des Alpes fut \u00e9lev\u00e9 en l'honneur de l'empereur romain Auguste au point haut de la via Julia Augusta. Il c\u00e9l\u00e8bre la victoire d\u00e9finitive sur quarante-quatre tribus qui entravaient auparavant les multiples passages alpins. Plus qu'une attaque pour accaparer des marchandises, ces peuples imposaient alors \u00e0 ceux qui empruntaient leurs cols un contr\u00f4le des relations commerciales et des mouvements militaires inacceptables pour l'Empire romain.\n\nMentionnant d'autres peuples rh\u00e8tes et alpins, le troph\u00e9e relate en particulier indirectement la soumission de 23 \u00e0 13 av. J.-C. des derniers peuples celto-ligures ind\u00e9pendants qui peuplent les massifs alpins entre la province Narbonnaise et Gaule cisalpine.\n\nIci la soumission a permis la continuation de la via Aurelia par la construction de la via Julia Augusta. Les vaincus b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiant de la cl\u00e9mence imp\u00e9riale ont re\u00e7u en 10 av. J.-C. la cit\u00e9 des Alpes maritimes, dont la capitale construite en face de Nikaia \u00e9tait Cemenelum, aujourd'hui Cimiez un simple quartier de Nice.\n\nCe troph\u00e9e n'avait aucune vocation militaire et ne pouvait jouer aucun r\u00f4le de refuge ou de fortification. Il marquait la fronti\u00e8re entre l'Italie et la province Narbonnaise ou Provence, plus tard repouss\u00e9e au fleuve Var. Cependant, entre le  et le , le troph\u00e9e devient forteresse et les maisons sont rattach\u00e9es au mur d\u2019enceinte.\n\nEn 1705, quand la guerre entre la France et la Savoie a repris, Louis XIV ordonna la destruction de toutes les forteresses de la r\u00e9gion, et le fit ainsi partiellement exploser. Le troph\u00e9e devient alors une v\u00e9ritable carri\u00e8re, et ses pierres servent entre autres \u00e0 la construction de l'\u00e9glise Saint-Michel du vieux village.\n\nEn 1865, les vestiges sont class\u00e9s au titre des monuments historiques.\n\nDans les ann\u00e9es 1930, il est restaur\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce au m\u00e9c\u00e9nat d'Edward Tuck, un philanthrope am\u00e9ricain, qui passe ses hivers \u00e0 Monte-Carlo. Les travaux sont dirig\u00e9s par Jules Formig\u00e9. Il est inaugur\u00e9 le 26 avril 1934.\n\nLe troph\u00e9e des Alpes est maintenant le principal attrait touristique de la commune de La Turbie.\n\nLe bimill\u00e9naire du troph\u00e9e  a \u00e9t\u00e9 comm\u00e9mor\u00e9 du 10 juillet au 28 ao\u00fbt 1994 par le Centre des monuments nationaux avec une composition de trois jeunes artistes proposant des approches diff\u00e9rentes du troph\u00e9e et la r\u00e9alisation d\u2019un film vid\u00e9o de Vincent Gareng sur l\u2019histoire du monument et un spectacle lumi\u00e8re de Louis Clair, concepteur lumi\u00e8re.\n\nDescription \n\nLa pierre calcaire n\u00e9cessaire pour \u00e9riger le Troph\u00e9e d'Auguste a \u00e9t\u00e9 extraite de la \u00ab carri\u00e8re romaine \u00bb, situ\u00e9e \u00e0 environ  de l\u00e0, o\u00f9 l'on peut encore voir les traces des sections de colonnes d\u00e9coup\u00e9es dans la pierre.\n\nL'environnement imm\u00e9diat du Troph\u00e9e est riche en vestiges de l'Empire romain, dont des voies romaines. Il se trouve sur la via Julia Augusta (du nom de l'empereur Auguste). Continuation de la via Aurelia, cette voie romaine reliait Vintimille \u00e0 Cemenelum (Cimiez). Diverses fontaines sur les territoires des communes de Beausoleil et de Roquebrune-Cap-Martin sont r\u00e9put\u00e9es romaines.\n\n\u00c0 l\u2019origine (d\u2019apr\u00e8s les architectes Formig\u00e9 p\u00e8re et fils) la base principale faisait  de longueur, la   de haut, la rotonde comptait 24 colonnes et la statue d\u2019Auguste tr\u00f4nait \u00e0  de hauteur. Le troph\u00e9e restaur\u00e9 mesure actuellement  de hauteur.\n\nD'apr\u00e8s la date de sa d\u00e9dicace, sa construction fut achev\u00e9e en 7 ou 6\n\nInscription latine \n\nSur la fa\u00e7ade ouest du troph\u00e9e des Alpes, \u00e0 l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de la via Julia Augusta, est grav\u00e9e la d\u00e9dicace du S\u00e9nat en l\u2019honneur de l\u2019Empereur suivie du nom des 44 peuples pacifi\u00e9s (notamment celtes, ligures, v\u00e9n\u00e8tes, germains entre autres peuples) qui s'\u00e9tendaient sur l'ensemble de la cha\u00eene alpine, de l'Adriatique \u00e0 la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9s dans l\u2019ordre g\u00e9ographique, de l\u2019Orient \u00e0 l\u2019Occident.\n\nPline l'Ancien en a donn\u00e9 une transcription :\n\n\u00ab  \u00bb\n\nTraduction :\n\n\u00ab \u00c0 Imperator C\u00e9sar Auguste, fils du divin (C\u00e9sar), grand pontife, imperator \u00e0 XIV reprises, investi de la puissance tribunitienne pour la , le S\u00e9nat et le Peuple de Rome (ont \u00e9rig\u00e9 ce monument) parce que, sous ses ordres et sous ses auspices, tous les peuples alpins qui s'\u00e9tendaient de la mer Sup\u00e9rieure jusqu'\u00e0 la mer Inf\u00e9rieure ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rang\u00e9s sous la puissance du Peuple romain. Peuples alpins vaincus : les Trumpilini, les Camunes, les V\u00e9nostes, les Vennon\u00e8tes, les Isarciens, les Breunes, les G\u00e9naunes, les Focunates, les quatre nations vind\u00e9liciennes, les Consuan\u00e8tes, les Rucinates, les Licates, les Cat\u00e9nates, les Ambisuntes, les Rugusces, les Suan\u00e8tes, les Calucons, les Brixentes, les L\u00e9pontiens, les Ub\u00e8res, les Nantuates, les S\u00e9dunes, les V\u00e9ragres, les Salasses, les Acitavons, les M\u00e9dulles, les Uc\u00e8nes, les Caturiges, les Brigianes, les Sogiontiques, les Brodiontiques, les Nemaloni, les \u00c9d\u00e9nates, les \u00c9subianis, les V\u00e9aminis, les Gallites, les Triulattis, les Ectinis, les Vergunni, les \u00c9guituris, les N\u00e9menturis, les Oratellis, les N\u00e9rusis, les V\u00e9launis (Vellaves ?), les Suetri. \u00bb\n\nLa localisation g\u00e9ographique des peuples cit\u00e9s n\u2019est pas connue avec exactitude et parfois compl\u00e8tement inconnue. Elle fait l\u2019objet de recherches, mais l'inscription sur le troph\u00e9e, comme l'a rappel\u00e9 Philippe Casimir, permet de d\u00e9gager une reconstitution de la situation des Alpes dans l'Antiquit\u00e9.\n\nGalerie\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nVoir aussi\n\nBibliographie \n \n \n \n Jules Formig\u00e9, \u00ab La Turbie \u00bb, 309-320, dans Congr\u00e8s arch\u00e9ologique de France. . Aix-en-Provence et Nice. 1932, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise d'arch\u00e9ologie, Paris, 1933.\n \n \n \n  \n Jean-Camille Formig\u00e9 & Jules Formig\u00e9, Le Troph\u00e9e des Alpes La Turbie (Alpes-Maritimes).\n Le troph\u00e9e d'Auguste \u00e0 La Turbie, sur http://www.archeo-alpi-maritimi.com\n\nInscription du Troph\u00e9e des Alpes \n .\n Jules Formig\u00e9, \u00ab La d\u00e9dicace du Troph\u00e9e des Alpes (La Turbie) \u00bb, Gallia, 1955, ,  \n Alberto Dalla Rosa, \u00ab P. Silius Nerva (proconsul d'Illyrie en 16 av. J.-C.) vainqueur des Trumplini, Camunni et Vennonetes sous les auspices d'Auguste \u00bb, Revue des \u00e9tudes anciennes, 117-2, 2015,  (en ligne).\n\nArticles connexes \n Histoire des Alpes-Maritimes\n Via Julia Augusta\n Troph\u00e9e de Pomp\u00e9e\n Conqu\u00eate romaine de la Rh\u00e9tie et de l'arc alpin\n Liste des monuments historiques des Alpes-Maritimes\n\nLiens externes \n\n  Troph\u00e9e d'Auguste \u00e0 La Turbie, monuments nationaux.\n Ville de La Turbie : histoire du troph\u00e9e des Alpes.\n Archeo Alpi Maritimi : histoire du troph\u00e9e d\u2019Auguste \u00e0 La Turbie, Traduction du texte de Casalis.\n\n\u00c9pigraphie latine\nMonument historique dans les Alpes-Maritimes\nMonument historique class\u00e9 en 1865\n\u00c9difice g\u00e9r\u00e9 par le Centre des monuments nationaux\nTroph\u00e9e romain en France\nLa Turbie\nMonument romain dans les Alpes-Maritimes\nHistoire de l'Italie antique\nAuguste", "meta": {"title": "Troph\u00e9e des Alpes", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troph%C3%A9e%20des%20Alpes", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Bers\u00e9e \u00e8 un comune francese di 2.263 abitanti situato nel dipartimento del Nord nella regione dell'Alta Francia.\n\nSociet\u00e0\n\nEvoluzione demografica\n\nNote\n\nAltri progetti\n\nCollegamenti esterni \n \n\nBersee", "meta": {"title": "Bers\u00e9e", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bers%C3%A9e", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041f\u0438\u0436\u0438\u043b\u00a0\u2014 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u044e\u043c\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438.\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \n\u041d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e 22\u00a0\u043a\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0433 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u044e\u043c\u0441\u0438.\n\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \n\u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0441 1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0414\u043e 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e: 692 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0432 2002 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 (\u0443\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442\u044b 64\u00a0%, \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 33\u00a0%), 624 \u0432 2012.\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0421\u044e\u043c\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430", "meta": {"title": "\u041f\u0438\u0436\u0438\u043b (\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%20%28%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ludmila Engquistov\u00e1 (rozen\u00e1 Ludmila Viktorovna Leonovov\u00e1, pozd\u011bji Ludmila Naro\u017eilenkov\u00e1, ; * 21. dubna 1964, Tambovsk\u00e1 oblast) je b\u00fdval\u00e1 sov\u011btsk\u00e1 atletka rusk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti, sprinterka, jej\u00ed\u017e specializac\u00ed byly kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 b\u011bhy. Od roku 1996 reprezentovala \u0160v\u00e9dsko.\n\n4. \u00fanora 1990 v \u010celjabinsku p\u0159ekonala \u010dasem 7,69 s halov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord v b\u011bhu na 60 metr\u016f p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek, kdy\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed rekord Bulharky Jordanky Donkovov\u00e9 z roku 1987 vylep\u0161ila o p\u011bt setin sekundy. Engqvistov\u00e9 v\u00fdkon z prvn\u00edho m\u00edsta dlouhodob\u00fdch tabulek vymazala a\u017e po 18 letech \u0160v\u00e9dka Susanna Kallurov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 10. \u00fanora 2008 v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m Karlsruhe zab\u011bhla tra\u0165 v \u010dase 7,68 s.\n\nV \u00fanoru roku 1993 m\u011bla pozitivn\u00ed dopingov\u00fd n\u00e1lez na anabolick\u00e9 steroidy a byla vylou\u010dena z halov\u00e9ho MS v Torontu. N\u00e1sledn\u011b dostala \u010dty\u0159let\u00fd z\u00e1kaz \u010dinnosti. V prosinci roku 1995 ji byl trest zru\u0161en. Nedovolen\u00e9 prost\u0159edky ji do j\u00eddla d\u00e1val jej\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00fd man\u017eel.\n\nV roce 1996 se stala v Atlant\u011b olympijskou v\u00edt\u011bzkou v b\u011bhu na 100 metr\u016f p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek. Ve fin\u00e1le tra\u0165 zab\u011bhla v \u010dase 12,58 s. O jednu setinu pomalej\u0161\u00ed byla Slovinska Brigita Bukovecov\u00e1. Reprezentovala tak\u00e9 na olympi\u00e1d\u011b v Soulu v roce 1988 a na letn\u00edch hr\u00e1ch 1992 v Barcelon\u011b. V roce 1997 se stala v Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch podruh\u00e9 v kari\u00e9\u0159e mistryn\u00ed sv\u011bta, prvn\u00ed titul z\u00edskala ji\u017e v roce 1991 na sv\u011btov\u00e9m \u0161ampion\u00e1tu v Tokiu.\n\nOsobn\u00ed rekordy \nHala\n 50 m p\u0159. \u2013 6,65 s \u2013 7. \u00fanor 1993, Grenoble\n 60 m p\u0159. \u2013 7,69 s \u2013 4. \u00fanor 1990, \u010celjabinsk \u2013 (ex-WR)\n\nDr\u00e1ha\n 100 m p\u0159. \u2013 12,26 s \u2013 6. \u010derven 1992, Sevilla\n 100 m \u2013 11,04 s \u2013 31. kv\u011bten 1992, Chania\n\nOdkazy\n\nReference\n\nExtern\u00ed odkazy \n \n \n\nSov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1\u0159i\nSov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed olympionici\n\u0160v\u00e9d\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1\u0159i\nOlympijsk\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzky v b\u011bhu na 100 m p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek\nMistryn\u011b sv\u011bta v b\u011bhu na 100 m p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek\nMistryn\u011b Evropy v atletice\n\u0160v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 olympijsk\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzky\nOlympionici Spole\u010denstv\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f\nDopingov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady v atletice\nNarozen\u00ed v roce 1964\nNarozen\u00ed 21. dubna\n\u017dij\u00edc\u00ed lid\u00e9\n\u017deny\nDopingov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady rusk\u00fdch sportovc\u016f", "meta": {"title": "Ludmila Engquistov\u00e1", "url": "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludmila%20Engquistov%C3%A1", "language": "cs", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Mark Willems (Gent, 21 december 1947) is een Vlaams acteur. Zijn bekendste rol is die van Luc Bomans in Thuis. Deze rol speelde hij van 1996 tot en met 2018.\n\nWillems studeerde aan de toneelafdeling van het conservatorium van Gent. Hij was gedurende 20 jaar vast verbonden aan het NTG en speelde een opmerkelijke rol naast Jan Decleir in de film Mira. Sinds 1993 is Mark freelance acteur. Hij speelde gastrollen in De Kotmadam, Flikken (Werner Lefever), Heterdaad (Jos Tanghe), Het Park (bookmaker) en Windkracht 10 (Frans de Gruyter).\n\nExterne link \n \n\nVlaams acteur", "meta": {"title": "Mark Willems", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Willems", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Division of Boating and Waterways (DBW) was established in 1957 upon enactment of legislation supported by the boating community.  That legislation established a state boating agency dedicated to all aspects of recreational boating and a special fund (Harbors and Watercraft Revolving Fund) to fund the division\u2019s activities. The division receives no General Fund support.\n\nThe division brings together a body of knowledge as the state\u2019s expert in recreational boating-related matters, including public access, safety and education, marine law enforcement, and consumer and environmental protection.\n\nFor example, DBW is responsible for planning, developing, and improving facilities on state-owned and state-managed properties, including those on State Parks and State Water Project properties.  It also provides funding so that local agencies can renew deteriorated facilities or develop new public access.  In addition, the division is heavily involved in furthering environmentally sound boating practices through its clean and green programs.\n\nDBW conducts and sponsors oceanographic research in marina pollution, sea level, wave measurement, modeling and prediction, beach processes, and coastal flooding and erosion, as they relate to boating facilities, access, safety, and education, and beach restoration and coastal protection. Close cooperation with Scripps Institution of Oceanography facilitate these activities.\n\nThe division serves all types of recreational boaters statewide.  California has about 2.6 million recreational boats and over 4 million recreational boaters.  Recreational boating annually contributes several billion dollars to the state\u2019s economy.\n\nThe current Deputy Director of California Division of Boating and Waterways is Ms. Lynn Sadler.\n\nUnits\nThe Division of Boating and Waterways is made of two Enforcement and Environmental units to coordinate the division's responsibilities. Between them, both units oversee 17 programs, ranging from boater safety rules to species control.\n\nPollution controls\nCalifornia Division of Boating and Waterways heavily regulates the use of carbureted and electronic-injection two-stroke engines manufactured prior to 1989 in California waters, considering them high-emission polluters. Due to emission standards, The division has banned their use on several lakes throughout the state. Direct injection two-stroke engines made since 1989, however, are permitted on the state's waterways with some non-emission standard exceptions.\n\nNon-native species removal\nCalifornia Division of Boating and Waterways' Aquatic Pest Control Program has since 1982 targeted to control water hyacinth from state waters. A native of the Amazon River in South America, the water hyacinth was introduced to the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta in the early 20th century. Due to the quick blooming of the water hyacinth, the plant displaces native wildlife, blocks light needed for photosynthesis, reduces the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, and deposits silt and organic matter at several times the normal rate. In 1997, the division added the egeria densa, another South American native, onto its list of species targeted for control and eradication.\n\nSee also\nCalifornia Department of Parks and Recreation\nCalifornia Environmental Protection Agency\nCalifornia Coastal Commission\nUnited States Coast Guard Auxiliary\nSan Francisco Bay Area Water Trail, proposal supported by the department\n\nExternal links\nCalifornia Division of Boating and Waterways official website\n\nBoating\nBoating and Waterways\n1957 establishments in California", "meta": {"title": "California Division of Boating and Waterways", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California%20Division%20of%20Boating%20and%20Waterways", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Annika Helena Sand\u00e9n, f\u00f6dd 27 november 1969, \u00e4r en svensk historiker och f\u00f6rfattare, docent i historia vid Stockholms universitet.\n\nSand\u00e9n disputerade 2005 vid Link\u00f6pings universitet p\u00e5 avhandlingen Stadsgemenskapens resurser och villkor. Samh\u00e4llssyn och v\u00e4lf\u00e4rdsstrategier i Link\u00f6ping 1600-1620. Avhandlingen bel\u00f6nades med Vasamuseets v\u00e4nners pris (2007).\n\nSand\u00e9n utkom 2020 med boken Fr\u00f6jdelekar. Gl\u00e4dje, lust och n\u00f6jen under svensk stormaktstid. Boken \u00e4r den sista delen i en trilogi om levnadsf\u00f6rh\u00e5llanden hos allmogen i Sverige under 1600-talet. Den f\u00f6rsta delen \u00e4r Missd\u00e5dare: brott och m\u00e4nnisko\u00f6den i Sverige omkring 1600 som utkom 2014. \u00c5r 2016 kom boken B\u00f6dlar. Liv, d\u00f6d och skam i svenskt 1600-tal. Boken nominerades till Stora Fackbokspriset av Axel och Margaret Ax:son Johnsons stiftelse. .\nHon har tillsammans med Erik Petersson utkommit med boken Mot underg\u00e5ngen.  \u00c4rkebiskop Angermannus i apokalypsens tid och var tillsammans med Sofia Holmlund redakt\u00f6r f\u00f6r Usla, el\u00e4nda och arma. Samh\u00e4llets utsatta under 700 \u00e5r, som uts\u00e5gs till \u00c5rets bok om svensk historia 2013. Hennes forskning fokuserar p\u00e5 folkkultur och vardagsliv i 1500- och 1600-talets Sverige.\n\n\u00c5r 2019 tilldelades hon Stora historiepriset. \u00c5r 2022 tilldelades hon Axel Hirschs pris av Svenska Akademien.\n\nK\u00e4llor\n\nNoter\n\nExterna l\u00e4nkar \nwww.annikasanden.se\nAnnika Sand\u00e9n, Stockholms universitet\n\nSvenska docenter\nPersoner verksamma vid Stockholms universitet\nSvenska historiker under 2000-talet\nF\u00f6dda 1969\nLevande personer\nKvinnor", "meta": {"title": "Annika Sand\u00e9n", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annika%20Sand%C3%A9n", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Unguicularia\u00a0\u2014 \u0440\u0456\u0434 \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 Hyaloscyphaceae. \u041d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 1905 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443.\n\n\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \n\u0414\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443 Unguicularia \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c 29 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432:\n\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438\n\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \n\n H\u00f6hnel, F. von. 1905. Mycologische Fragmente XCVIII-CV. Annales Mycologici. 3(5):402-409 - P.404\n\n1905 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0446\u0456", "meta": {"title": "Unguicularia", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unguicularia", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The following is an incomplete list of fleshy fruits that may appear to be edible by humans, but are inedible. Because some of them are poisonous, others are merely too unpalatable for consumption.\n\nInedible fruits\n\n Abac\u00e1, Musa textilis (Musaceae)\n Alemow, Citrus macrophylla (Rutaceae)\n Alpine honeysuckle, Lonicera alpigena (Caprifoliaceae)\n Asparagus berries, Asparagus officinalis (Asparagaceae)\n Baneberry, Actaea pachypoda (Ranunculaceae) \n Bittersweet, Celastrus scandens (Celastraceae)\n Black bryony, Dioscorea communis (Dioscoreaceae)\n Buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica (Rhamnaceae)\n Canadian moonseed, Menispermum canadense' (Menispermaceae)\n Cassowary plum, Cerbera floribunda (Apocynaceae)\n Castor Bean, Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae)\n Ceylon durian, Durio ceylanicus (Malvaceae)\n Chinaberry, Actaea rubra (Ranunculaceae)\n Clusias, Clusia spp (Clusiaceae)\n Coyote melon, Cucurbita palmata (Cucurbitaceae)\n Cretan date palm, Phoenix theophrasti (Arecaceae)\n Crown flower, Calotropis gigantea (Apocynaceae)\n Deadly nightshade, Atropa belladonna (Solanaceae)\n Ensete, Ensete ventricosum (Musaceae)\n European holly, Ilex aquifolium (Aquifoliaceae)\n European spindle, Euonymus europaeus (Celastraceae) \n Firethorn, Pyracantha angustifolia (Rosaceae) \n Florida thatch palm, Thrinax radiata (Arecaceae)\n Fox head, Solanum mammosum (Solanaceae) \n Glossy nightshade, Solanum americanum (Solanaceae)\n Golden dewdrop, Duranta erecta (Verbenaceae)\n Harlequin glorybower, Clerodendrum trichotomum (Lamiaceae) \n Herb-paris, Paris quadrifolia (Melanthiaceae)\n Holly, Ilex spp. (Aquifoliaceae) \n Honeybush, Melianthus major (Francoaceae)\n Honeyvine, Cynanchum laeve (Apocynaceae)\n Inca-peanut, Plukenetia volubilis (Euphorbiaceae)\n Ink berry, Dianella nigra (Asphodelaceae)\n Ivy, Hedera spp. (Araliaceae) \n Japanese star anise, Illicium anisatum (Schisandraceae)\n Jatropha fruit, Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae)\n Laurel, Prunus laurocerasus (Rosaceae)\n Lily of the valley, Convallaria majalis (Asparagaceae)\n Linden (also known as Lime or Basswood), Tilia spp. (Malvaceae)\n Manchineel, Hippomane mancinella (Euphorbiaceae)\n Mape tree, Inocarpus fagifer (Fabaceae)\n Masuri berry, Coriaria nepalensis  (Coriariaceae)\n Mezereum, Daphne mezereum (Thymelaeaceae) \n Mistletoe (3 genera in the order Santalales)\n Osage-orange, Maclura pomifera (Moraceae)\n Opium poppy, Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae)\n Paddy melon, Cucumis myriocarpus (Curcurbitaceae)\n Pangium edule, Pangium edule (Achariaceae)\n Poisonberry, Solanum dulcamara spp. (Solanaceae)\n Pokeweed, Phytolacca americana (Phytolaccaceae)\n Privet, Ligustrum spp. (Oleaceae)\n Rattlebox (Fabaceae)\n Redoul, Coriaria myrtifolia (Coriariaceae)\n Rosary pea, Abrus precatorius (Fabaceae)\n Sandbog death camas, Zigadenus glaberrimus (Melanthiaceae)\n Sausage tree, Kigelia africana (Bignoniaceae)\n Sea mango, Cerbera manghas (Apocynaceae}\n Silverbell, Halesia spp. (Styracaceae)\n Snowberry, Symphoricarpos spp. (Caprifoliaceae)\n Soapberry, Sapindus spp. (Sapindaceae)\n Sponge gourd, Luffa aegyptiaca (Cucurbitaceae)\n Strychnine tree, Strychnos nux-vomica (Loganiaceae)\n Suicide tree fruit, Cerbera odollam (Apocynaceae)\n Syringa berrytree, Melia azedarach (Meliaceae) \n Tamanu, Calophyllum inophyllum (Calophyllaceae) \n Thorn apple, Datura stramonium (Solanaceae)\n Tibetan dewberry, Rubus thibetanus (Rosaceae)\n Tickberry, Lantana camara (Verbenaceae)\n Tormentil, Potentilla erecta (Rosaceae)\n Trifoliate orange, Citrus trifoliata (Rutaceae)\n Tropical soda apple, Solanum viarum (Solanaceae)\n Tung tree, Vernicia fordii (Euphorbiaceae)\n Virginia creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Vitaceae) \n Wahoo, Euonymus atropurpureus (Celastraceae)\n Weeping pear, Pyrus salicifolia (Rosaceae)\n Wild arum, Arum maculatum (Araceae)\n Wild cucumber, Marah macrocarpus (Cucurbitaceae)\n Wild olive, Olea oleaster (Oleaceae)\n Winter cherry, Solanum pseudocapsicum (Solanaceae)\n Yellow buckeye, Aesculus flava (Sapindaceae)\n Yellow oleander, Cascabela thevetia (Apocynaceae)\n Yew cones with seeds unremoved, Taxus'' spp. (Taxaceae)\n\nSee also \n List of poisonous plants\n List of culinary fruits\n\nInedible\nFruits, Inedible", "meta": {"title": "List of inedible fruits", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20inedible%20fruits", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Monterroso est un municipio de la comarque de Ulloa, dans la province de Lugo, communaut\u00e9 autonome de Galice, au nord-ouest de l'Espagne. C'est aussi le nom de plusieurs parroquias de ce municipio, ainsi que du chef-lieu du municipio.\n\nCe municipio est travers\u00e9 par le Camino franc\u00e9s du P\u00e8lerinage de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle, qui passe par ses localit\u00e9s et sites de Serra de Ligonde, A Previsa, Os Lameiros, Ligonde, Airexe, mais qui ne passe pas par son chef-lieu.\n\nHistoire\n\nG\u00e9ographie\n\nMunicipios limitrophes \n Au nord :\n Au sud :\n \u00c0 l'est :\n \u00c0 l'ouest :\n\nD\u00e9mographie\n\nDivisions administratives \nLe municipio de Monterroso recouvre les parroquias et localit\u00e9s suivantes :\n\nGaleries de photos \nL'album ci-dessous montre quelques \u00e9glises paroissiales du municipio de Monterroso\n\nPatrimoine et culture\n\nP\u00e8lerinage de Compostelle \nPar le Camino franc\u00e9s du P\u00e8lerinage de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle, le chemin vient du municipio de Portomar\u00edn, en passant par ses localit\u00e9s de Portomar\u00edn (chef-lieu), F\u00e1brica de ladrillos (briqueterie), Toxibo, Monte Torros, Gonzar, Castromaior, Hospital da Cruz et Ventas de Nar\u00f3n.\n\nDans ce municipio de Monterroso, le chemin parcourt les localit\u00e9s et sites de Serra de Ligonde, A Previsa, Os Lameiros, Ligonde, Airexe.\n\nLe prochain municipio travers\u00e9 est Palas de Rei, en passant par les localit\u00e9s ou sites de Portos, Vilar de Donas (hors chemin), Lestedo, Os Valos, A Mamurria, A Brea, Avenostre, O Rosario, Os Chacotes, Palas de Rei (chef-lieu), Pallota, Carballal, San Xuli\u00e1n do Cami\u00f1o, Casanova, A Campanilla.\n\nPatrimoine civil et naturel\n\nSources et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n \n  Gr\u00e9goire, J.-Y. & Laborde-Balen, L., \u00ab Le Chemin de Saint-Jacques en Espagne - De Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port \u00e0 Compostelle - Guide pratique du p\u00e8lerin \u00bb, Rando \u00c9ditions, , \n \u00ab Camino de Santiago St-Jean-Pied-de-Port - Santiago de Compostela \u00bb, Michelin et Cie, Manufacture Fran\u00e7aise des Pneumatiques Michelin, Paris, 2009, \n \u00ab Le Chemin de Saint-Jacques Carte Routi\u00e8re \u00bb, Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n, Editorial\n\nVoir aussi\n\nArticle connexe \n Camino franc\u00e9s\n\nLien externe \n  caminodesantiago.consumer.es Camino de Santiago : Etapa 28 de Portomar\u00edn a Palas de Rei.\n\nCommune dans la province de Lugo", "meta": {"title": "Monterroso", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterroso", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Djahanguir Riahi (22 September 1914 \u2013 28 April 2014) was a French-Iranian businessman and a renowned collector of 18th century French furniture. Riahl has been declared one of the greatest art collectors since 1945.\n\nRiahi started out as an engineer and road-builder, eventually acquiring an apartment in France. He started collecting in the 1970s, in order to furnish the apartment in the grandest possible tradition. Riahi swiftly achieved notoriety among French dealers due to regularly outbidding them on the finest pieces at auction. Among the master craftsmen represented in the collection were Andr\u00e9 Charles Boulle, the \u00e9b\u00e9nistes Bernard II van Risamburgh and Martin Carlin; and carpets and tapestry from the Savonnerie and Gobelins manufactories. Some of his individual pieces included wall brackets from Marie Antoinette's bedroom and a cabinet made for the Comtesse de Provence. 59 pieces from the collection, including pieces with royal provenances, were purchased in 2000 by Christie's and estimated to raise 25 million dollars when auctioned off. In 2012 Christie's held a second auction dedicated to former Riahl collection pieces.\n\nReferences \n\n1914 births\n2014 deaths\nFrench people of Iranian descent\nIranian art dealers", "meta": {"title": "Djahanguir Riahi", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djahanguir%20Riahi", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Deze hits werden in 2019 Big Hit op MNM. (vanaf maart 2019)\n\nStatistieken\n\nMeeste Big Hits per land\n\nZie ook \nVorig jaar: Lijst van MNM-Big Hits in 2018 \nVolgend jaar: Lijst van MNM-Big Hits in 2020\n\nMNM Big Hit", "meta": {"title": "Lijst van MNM-Big Hits in 2019", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst%20van%20MNM-Big%20Hits%20in%202019", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Helle Ryslinge (f\u00f8dt 10. januar 1944) er dansk skuespiller, filminstrukt\u00f8r og manuskriptforfatter.\n\nKarriere \n\nHelle Ryslinge sprang fra en l\u00e6reruddannelse for at indg\u00e5 i forskellige sammenh\u00e6nge inden for alternative teater i 1970'erne, blandt andet i Comedievognen. Hun blev efterh\u00e5nden en central figur i dette milj\u00f8 sammen med Anne Marie Helger i Dameattraktioner.\n\nHun fik ogs\u00e5 enkelte filmroller, specielt i en r\u00e6kke film af Jytte Rex. I 1983 blev Dameattraktioner til en film af Christian Braad Thomsen med titlen Koks i kulissen. Helle Ryslinge debuterede som instrukt\u00f8r med den satiriske Flamberede hjerter, der blev en p\u00e6n kommerciel succes.\n\nHun modtog H\u00e5bets Pris i 2002.\n\nUdvalgte film (som skuespiller) \n Pigen og dr\u00f8mmeslottet (1974)\n Prins Piwi (1974)\n Veronicas svededug (1977)\n Achillesh\u00e6len er mit v\u00e5ben (1979)\n Kniven i hjertet (1981)\n Belladonna (1981)\n Koks i kulissen (1983)\n Negerkys og labre larver (1987)\n Lykken er en underlig fisk (1989)\n Retf\u00e6rdighedens rytter (1989)\n Springflod (1990\n M\u00f8v og Funder (1991)\n De frigjorte (1993)\n Carlo og Ester (1994)\n Den bl\u00e5 munk (1998)\n Fru Eilersen og Mehmet (2006)\n\nInstruktion af film \n Flamberede hjerter (1986)\n Sirup (1990)\n Carlo og Ester (1994)\n \u00d8laben (1996)\n Halalabad Blues (2002)\n Larger than life (2003)\n\nDesuden har hun v\u00e6ret manuskriptforfatter (alene eller med andre) p\u00e5 de fleste af sine egne film samt Koks i kulissen.\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n \n\nFilminstrukt\u00f8rer fra Danmark\nManuskriptforfattere fra Danmark\nSkuespillere fra Danmark\nRobertprisen for \u00e5rets kvindelige birolle\nDansksprogede forfattere fra Danmark\nPersoner i Kraks Bl\u00e5 Bog", "meta": {"title": "Helle Ryslinge", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helle%20Ryslinge", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "De gemeente Mycielin is een landgemeente in het Poolse woiwodschap Groot-Polen, in powiat Kaliski.\n\nDe zetel van de gemeente is in Korzeniew.\n\nOp 30 juni 2004 telde de gemeente 4974 inwoners.\n\nOppervlakte gegevens\nIn 2002 bedroeg de totale oppervlakte van gemeente Mycielin 110,81\u00a0km\u00b2, waarvan:\n\n agrarisch gebied: 58%\n bossen: 37%\n\nDe gemeente beslaat 9,55% van de totale oppervlakte van de powiat.\n\nDemografie\nStand op 30 juni 2004:\n\nIn 2002 bedroeg het gemiddelde inkomen per inwoner 1356,35 z\u0142.\n\nPlaatsen\nAleksandr\u00f3w, Bogus\u0142awice, Danowiec, Dzierzbin, Gad\u00f3w, Grabek, Kazala Stara, Kazala Nowa, Korzeniew, Ko\u015bcielec, Kuku\u0142ka, Kuszyn, Mycielin, Przyranie, S\u0142uszk\u00f3w, Stropieszyn, Teodor\u00f3w, Zam\u0119ty.\n\nAangrenzende gemeenten\nCek\u00f3w-Kolonia, Malan\u00f3w, Rychwa\u0142, Stawiszyn, Tuliszk\u00f3w, \u017belazk\u00f3w\n\nGemeente in Groot-Polen", "meta": {"title": "Mycielin (gemeente)", "url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycielin%20%28gemeente%29", "language": "nl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0430 () \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0422\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0441 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 10 \u043c.\n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2005. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043e 1 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a.\n\n\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448  \n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441 (\u0422\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0441)\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%20%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%20%28%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Passione nera: discografia 1985-1993 \u00e8 una raccolta dei Nerorgasmo pubblicata nel 2011 da F.O.A.D. Records in doppio LP.\n\nIl disco \nIl doppio album raccoglie tutto il materiale prodotto dai Nerorgasmo durante la loro carriera.\n\nTracce \n\nDisco 1\n Nerorgasmo\n Banchetto di lusso\n Passione nera\n Distruttore\n Nato morto\n Alla fine dell'impero\n Una serata indimenticabile\n Creatori falliti\n Ansia\n Nello specchio\n Creatori falliti\n Mai capirai\n Io mi amo (Instrumental)\n Creatori falliti\n Banchetto di Lusso\n Alla fine dell'impero\n Io Sono La Tua Fine\n Giorno\n Questo \u00c8 Quello Che Tu Vuoi\n Freccia\n Tutto Uguale\n Mai capirai\n Banchetto di lusso\n Ansia\n Nello specchio\n Creatori falliti\n\nDisco 2\n Nerorgasmo\n Io sono la tua fine\n Creatori falliti\n Freccia\n Nato morto\n Giorno\n Banchetto di lusso\n Tutto uguale\n Mai capirai\n Spirale\n Questo \u00e8 quello che tu vuoi\n Ansia\n Nello specchio\n Passione nera\n Fuochi opposti\n Io mi amo\n Distruttore\n Perdendo un amico\n\nFormazione\n\nCollegamenti esterni", "meta": {"title": "Passione nera: discografia 1985-1993", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passione%20nera%3A%20discografia%201985-1993", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Der Rarotonga-Star (Aplonis cinerascens) ist eine Singvogelart aus der Gattung der Singstare (Aplonis). Er ist auf der Insel Rarotonga in den s\u00fcdlichen Cookinseln endemisch.\n\nMerkmale\nDer Rarotonga-Star erreicht eine K\u00f6rpergr\u00f6\u00dfe von 21\u00a0cm und ein Gewicht von 77 bis 88\u00a0g. Die allgemeine Erscheinung ist graubraun. Stirn und Oberkopf sind mausbraun mit einem schwachen violetten Schimmern. Mantel, R\u00fccken und B\u00fcrzel sind mausbraun mit grauen Feders\u00e4umen. Fl\u00fcgel und Schwanz sind stumpfbraun. Die inneren Armschwingen weisen hellere S\u00e4ume auf. Kinn, Kehle, Brust und Oberbauch sind mausbraun. An Brust und Bauch sind breite helle Federspitzen zu erkennen. Der Unterbauch und die Unterschwanzdecken sind wei\u00dflich. Um die hellgelbe Iris verl\u00e4uft ein manchmal dunkelbrauner Innenring und ein schmaler gelber Au\u00dfenring. Schnabel und Beine sind schwarz. Die Geschlechter \u00e4hneln sich. Die juvenilen V\u00f6gel sind bisher unbeschrieben.\n\nLaut\u00e4u\u00dferungen\nDer Gesang wird als lieblich und als der melodi\u00f6seste aller Singvogelarten Rarotongas beschrieben. Der Ruf beinhaltet Piepser, Pfiffe und glocken\u00e4hnliche T\u00f6ne.\n\nLebensraum\nDer Lebensraum umfasst zum gr\u00f6\u00dften Teil ungest\u00f6rte Bergw\u00e4lder, aber auch gest\u00f6rte Randw\u00e4lder im zerkl\u00fcfteten Hinterland von 150\u00a0m bis zum h\u00f6chsten Punkt der Insel in 600\u00a0m. Manchmal ist er auch in niedrigen H\u00f6henlagen bis 30\u00a0m zu beobachten, jedoch viel seltener in den K\u00fcstenregionen, als dies fr\u00fcher der Fall war.\n\nLebensweise\n\nNahrungsverhalten\nDer Rarotonga-Star ern\u00e4hrt sich von Fr\u00fcchten im Bl\u00e4tterdach und von Bl\u00fctennektar oder er pickt Insekten von den Bl\u00e4ttern. Er geht einzeln oder paarweise auf Nahrungssuche.\n\nFortpflanzungsverhalten\nDie Brutzeit erstreckt sich von August bis Dezember. Das Nest wird in einer Baumh\u00f6hle in vier bis sechs Meter H\u00f6he \u00fcber dem Boden errichtet und mit toten Bl\u00e4ttern und Pflanzenfasern ausgekleidet. Zu den bevorzugten Brutb\u00e4umen geh\u00f6ren Bischofia javanica, Homalium acuminatum und Hernandia moerenhoutiana. Die Nisth\u00f6hle wird in den sp\u00e4teren Jahren immer wieder verwendet. Das Gelege besteht aus mindestens zwei Eiern.\n\nStatus \nDie IUCN klassifiziert den Rarotonga-Star in die Kategorie \u201egef\u00e4hrdet\u201c (vulnerable). Noch im 19. Jahrhundert wurde die Art als h\u00e4ufig und im Jahr 1973 als noch nicht selten angesehen. In den 1980er Jahren wurden jedoch nur noch zwischen 100 und 3000 Exemplare gesch\u00e4tzt. 1997 ging man von einem Bestand von ungef\u00e4hr 500 Exemplaren aus und im Jahr 2010 von 1200 Exemplaren basierend auf einer detaillierten Feldstudie an einem Standort, die auf den kompletten geeigneten Lebensraum auf der Insel hochrechnet wurde. 2011 wurde der Bestand auf 2350 Exemplare gesch\u00e4tzt, basierend auf Stichproben in neun voneinander entfernten Binnent\u00e4lern. Es ist wahrscheinlich, dass der Rarotonga-Star in den letzten 40 Jahren aus dem Flachland verschwunden ist, und auch wenn die Population gegenw\u00e4rtig als stabil angesehen wird, k\u00f6nnte sie unbemerkt r\u00fcckl\u00e4ufig sein. Bei der letzten Bestandserfassung im Jahr 2011 waren die Stare relativ lokalisiert und nicht gleichm\u00e4\u00dfig in ihrem Verbreitungsgebiet verteilt. Als Hauptgef\u00e4hrdung gilt die Konkurrenz mit der Hirtenmaina (Acridotheres tristis), deren Ausbreitung als R\u00fcckgangsursache vieler endemischer Landv\u00f6gel auf Rarotonga diskutiert wird. Als weitere Bedrohungen gelten Ratten, exotische Vogelkrankheiten und der Klimawandel.\n\nLiteratur\nHartlaub, G. & Finsch, O.: On a collection of Birds from Savai and Rarotonga Islands in the Pacific. In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1871. S. 29\u201330 (wissenschaftliche Erstbeschreibung)\nMayr, Ernst (1942): Birds collected during the Whitney South Sea Expedition. 48. Notes on the Polynesian species of Aplonis. American Museum Novitates 1166:S. 1\u20136. Online\nPratt, H. D.; Bruner, P. L.; Berrett, D. G. (1987): A field guide to the birds of Hawaii and the tropical Pacific. Princeton University Press, Princeton: S. 273\nCraig, Adrian; Feare, Chris (2009): Sturnidae In: Del Hoyo, J, A Elliott, and D Christie (Hrsg.) Handbook of the Birds of World Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. S. 723\n\nQuellen\n\nWeblinks\n[ BirdLife factsheet]\n.\n\nStare\nRarotonga", "meta": {"title": "Rarotonga-Star", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rarotonga-Star", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Abrothrix \u00e9 um g\u00e9nero de roedor da fam\u00edlia Cricetidae.\n\nEsp\u00e9cies\n Abrothrix andina (Philippi, 1858)\n Abrothrix hershkovitzi (Patterson, Gallardo and Freas, 1984)\n Abrothrix hirta\n Abrothrix illutea Thomas, 1925\n Abrothrix jelskii (Thomas, 1894)\n Abrothrix lanosa (Thomas, 1897)\n Abrothrix longipilis (Waterhouse, 1837)\n Abrothrix manni\n Abrothrix olivacea (Waterhouse, 1837)\n Abrothrix sanborni (Osgood, 1943)\n Abrothrix xanthorhina\n\nNotas de rodap\u00e9\n\nLeitura adicional \n MUSSER, G. G. AND M. D. CARLETON. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894\u20131531 in Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference, 3rd ed (Wilson DE and Reeder DAM eds.), Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.\n D'El\u00eda, G., Pardi\u00f1as, U.F.J., Teta, P. and Patton, J.L. 2007. Definition and diagnosis of a new tribe of sigmodontine rodents (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae), and a revised classification of the subfamily. Gayana 71(2):187\u2013194.\n TETA, P., C. CA\u00d1\u00d3N, B. D. PATTERSON, AND U. F. J. PARDI\u00d1AS. 2017. Phylogeny of the tribe Abrotrichini (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): integrating morphological and molecular evidence into a new classification. Cladistics 33(2):153\u2013182.\n Rodr\u00edguez-Serrano, E., Hern\u00e1ndez, C.E. and Palma, R.E. 2008. A new record and an evaluation of the phylogenetic relationships of Abrothrix olivaceus markhami (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae). Mammalian Biology 73(4):309\u2013317.\n\n \nG\u00eaneros de mam\u00edferos", "meta": {"title": "Abrothrix", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrothrix", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\n\nCarriera\n\nClub\nMuove i suoi primi passi nelle giovanili dell' in Arabia Saudita. Complice la regola imposta dalla federazione saudita che vieta l'utilizzo di portieri stranieri, nel 1999 approda allo Shabab Jabalaya in Palestina, dove resta per 9 anni.\n\nIl 4 giugno 2008 viene tesserato dall'. Partito come seconda scelta nelle gerarchie di Manuel Jos\u00e9, nel corso della stagione - complici alcuni errori commessi dal collega Amir Abdelhamid - riesce a guadagnarsi i gradi di titolare, contribuendo alla vittoria del campionato. Relegato a terza scelta - a causa di un infortunio - alle spalle di Sherif Ekramy e Ahmed Adel, il 30 giugno 2010 passa all'Al-Merreikh, societ\u00e0 militante nel campionato sudanese.\n\nIl 30 luglio 2011 torna in Egitto, accordandosi con lo . Il 25 luglio 2018, dopo un anno di inattivit\u00e0, si accorda per una stagione con l'. Il 1\u00ba novembre 2019 annuncia il proprio ritiro.\n\nNazionale\nEsordisce in nazionale il 31 marzo 2000 contro il Qatar in un incontro valido per le qualificazioni alla Coppa d'Asia. Il 30 maggio 2014 si aggiudica l'AFC Challenge Cup - primo trofeo internazionale vinto nella storia della Palestina - successo che garantisce l'accesso ad una storica qualificazione alla Coppa d'Asia. Esordisce nella competizione il 12 gennaio 2015 contro il Giappone. In totale conta 68 presenze con la selezione palestinese.\n\nStatistiche\n\nPresenze e reti nei club\nStatistiche aggiornate al 30 giugno 2019.\n\nCronologia presenze e reti in nazionale\n\nPalmar\u00e8s\n\nClub\n\nCompetizioni nazionali\n\nAl-Ahly: 2008-2009, 2009-2010\n\nAl-Ahly: 2008\n\n \nAl-Merrikh: 2010\n\nCompetizioni internazionali\n\nAl-Ahly: 2008\n\nAl-Ahly: 2009\n\nNazionale \n \nMaldive 2014\n\nNote\n\nCollegamenti esterni\n \n\nCalciatori della Nazionale palestinese", "meta": {"title": "Ramzi Saleh", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramzi%20Saleh", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438\n\u041c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0423\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430\n\u0418\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0443\u043d\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L\u2019affaire Scomi est un scandale relatif \u00e0 la fourniture, entre 2002 et 2004, de mat\u00e9riels strat\u00e9giques \u00e0 la Libye et l'Iran par une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9cran malaise. R\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e par le New York Times, elle a mis en cause la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des exportations du Japon et la sinc\u00e9rit\u00e9 du gouvernement de Malaisie vis-\u00e0-vis du Trait\u00e9 sur la non-prolif\u00e9ration des armes nucl\u00e9aires.\n\nD\u00e9roulement de l'affaire \nLe , le New York Times r\u00e9v\u00e9lait qu'une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Malaisie sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans le traitement des boues de forage, SCOPE, fournissait la Libye en mat\u00e9riel d'enrichissement d'uranium, dans le cadre d'un trafic international orchestr\u00e9 par le Dr A.Q. Khan, sp\u00e9cialiste pakistanais des armes atomiques. Bien que Scomi d\u00e9mentisse avoir enfreint la l\u00e9gislation, en 2009, le D\u00e9partement d'\u00c9tat des \u00c9tats-Unis annon\u00e7a des sanctions contre le directeur ex\u00e9cutif de Scomi, Shah Hakim Zain, en raison de son implication dans le r\u00e9seau du Dr Khan. Ce dernier s'est depuis efforc\u00e9 de se disculper et a obtenu gain de cause en 2011 : les sanctions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lev\u00e9es le , et la nouvelle a \u00e9t\u00e9 annonc\u00e9e dans les journaux malaisiens.\n\nPeu apr\u00e8s les r\u00e9v\u00e9lations du New York Times, la police de Malaisie annon\u00e7ait qu'un des actionnaires de Scomi, B.S.A. Tahir, avait avou\u00e9 sa complicit\u00e9 avec le Dr Khan dans la vente de plans et de mat\u00e9riel d'enrichissement d'uranium \u00e0 l'Iran et la Libye. Accus\u00e9 d'avoir pouss\u00e9 la St\u00e9 SCOPE \u00e0 fournir des pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9tach\u00e9es de centrifugeuse utiles au programme secret d'enrichissement d'uranium de la Libye, il fut incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 en pr\u00e9ventive de 2006 \u00e0 2008 pour soup\u00e7on d'atteinte \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l'Etat.\n\nLes repr\u00e9sentants de la Scomi pr\u00e9tendirent que B.S.A. Tahir leur avait fait croire que ces pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9tach\u00e9es \u00e9taient destin\u00e9es \u00e0 l'industrie p\u00e9troli\u00e8re et gazi\u00e8re. Tahir, de son c\u00f4t\u00e9, plaida que Shah Hakim Zain et Kamaluddin connaissaient parfaitement la destination finale du mat\u00e9riel et accusait Scomi de diffamation : en 2009, il porta plainte contre Shah Hakim et Kamaluddin, r\u00e9clamant une indemnit\u00e9 de .\n\nGen\u00e8se de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 SCOMI \nKamaluddin Abdullah, fils de l'ex-Premier ministre de la Malaisie, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, avait fusionn\u00e9 plusieurs soci\u00e9t\u00e9s du groupe Scomi pour donner naissance \u00e0 Syarikat Scomi Precision Engineering Sdn Bhd (SCOPE). SCOPE a vu le jour en tant que filiale du groupe Scomi le , \u00e0 partir des actifs de la St\u00e9 Prisma Wibawa Sdn. Bhd. \u00c0 l'origine, PWSB n'avait aucune usine mais avec la cr\u00e9ation de SCOPE, en 2001, un atelier a ouvert \u00e0 Shah Alam. Le PDG de SCOPE \u00e9tait Shamsul Bahrin Rukiban. En 2001, SCOPE passait un march\u00e9 de fourniture avec un client bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Duba\u00ef.  \n\nEn 2002, le directeur ex\u00e9cutif de Scomi, Shah Hakim Zain, est nomm\u00e9 co-directeur de SCOPE, avec Mansor Tahir et Hilmy Zaini Zainal. SCOPE annonce \u00e0 ce moment un capital de ,  d'actifs, un chiffre d'affaires de  et un b\u00e9n\u00e9fice de .\n\nLe , Scomi Group Bhd offre d'acqu\u00e9rir  actions de SCOPE, ce qui repr\u00e9sente la totalit\u00e9 du capital.\n\nCons\u00e9quences\n\nL'implication du Japon \nLe , le directeur ex\u00e9cutif et quatre cadres de Mitutoyo Corporation \u00e9taient arr\u00eat\u00e9s par la Police de Tokyo dans le cadre de la vente d'\u00e9quipements \u00e0 Scomi permettant la fabrication de s\u00e9parateurs d\u2019isotopes. Mitutoyo \u00e9tait aussi soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 de r\u00e9aliser des \u00e9tudes de fabrication de ces m\u00eames mat\u00e9riels pour SCOPE.\n\nLes sanctions am\u00e9ricaines \nLe , le D\u00e9partement d'\u00c9tat des \u00c9tats-Unis annonce qu'il va frapper de sanctions le Dr Khan et certaines personnalit\u00e9s consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme ses associ\u00e9s, parmi lesquels le directeur ex\u00e9cutif de Scomi B.S.A. Tahir, Shah Hakim Zain et le Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de SCOPE, Shamsul Bahrin, pour implication dans un r\u00e9seau de prolif\u00e9ration nucl\u00e9aire : ainsi Shah Hakim et Shamsul Bahrin ne peuvent plus recevoir de commandes du gouvernement am\u00e9ricain ; il faut observer, toutefois, que Scomi elle-m\u00eame ne figure pas dans la liste des compagnies sanctionn\u00e9es.\n\nLes promesses du gouvernement de Malaisie \nLa Malaisie avait ratifi\u00e9 le Trait\u00e9 sur la non-prolif\u00e9ration des armes nucl\u00e9aires. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 le r\u00f4le d'actionnaire majoritaire du fils du Premier Ministre dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Scomi, des voix s'\u00e9lev\u00e8rent pour r\u00e9clamer une commission d'enqu\u00eate ind\u00e9pendante afin d'\u00e9claircir le r\u00f4le suppos\u00e9 de la Malaisie dans les r\u00e9seaux du Dr Khan ; elles ne re\u00e7urent pas d'\u00e9cho. Pourtant, apr\u00e8s les sanctions engag\u00e9es en 2009 contre Shah Hakim, le gouvernement malaisien a annonc\u00e9 qu'il se faisait fort de rouvrir une enqu\u00eate sur la question ; cette d\u00e9claration, toutefois, est rest\u00e9e sans lendemain.\n\nApr\u00e8s les r\u00e9v\u00e9lations sur les agissements de SCOPE, le gouvernement malaisien a promis de renforcer le contr\u00f4le sur ses exportations strat\u00e9giques. Mais depuis l'implication, en 2007, d'une nouvelle soci\u00e9t\u00e9 malaise avec un autre trafiquant d'armes pakistanais, Djilani Houmayoun, les doutes persistent quant \u00e0 la volont\u00e9 du gouvernement malais de contr\u00f4ler les activit\u00e9s des entreprises locales, que ce soit dans le cas d\u2019Abdul Qadeer Khan ou de Djilani Houmayoun.\n\nNotes \n\nPolitique \u00e9trang\u00e8re de la Malaisie\nAffaire politico-financi\u00e8re\nProlif\u00e9ration nucl\u00e9aire\n2006 en Asie\n2009 au Japon\nRelations entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Japon", "meta": {"title": "Affaire Scomi", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affaire%20Scomi", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0412\u0438\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0439 \u041f\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0441\u0430 ()\u00a0\u2014 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432:\n \u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0412\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0439 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0443\u043c\u0432\u0438\u0440, \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0439, \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 87 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u00a0\u043d.\u00a0\u044d.;\n \u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0412\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0439 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u00a0\u2014 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b 43 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u043d. \u044d., \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u044b\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e.", "meta": {"title": "\u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0412\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0439 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430 (\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f)", "url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9%20%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%20%28%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%29", "language": "ru", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Le Synallaxe de Hudson (Asthenes hudsoni) est une esp\u00e8ce d'oiseaux de la famille des Furnariidae. C'est une esp\u00e8ce monotypique.\n\nR\u00e9partition \nCette esp\u00e8ce vit en Argentine, en Uruguay, au Paraguay et au Br\u00e9sil.\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nAnnexes\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences taxinomiques\n\nLiens externes \n \n \n \n \n \n\nFurnariidae", "meta": {"title": "Synallaxe de Hudson", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synallaxe%20de%20Hudson", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Walton, a three-masted barque, was built for the Parker family in Walton, Nova Scotia in 1855. Under the command of Frederick Parker (sailing for his father, Francis Walton), brother of ground-breaking Halifax/Dartmouth doctor Daniel McNeill Parker, Walton was painted by notable marine artist Michele Renault in 1857 off Livorno (Leghorn), Italy. The painting currently hangs in a private home in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.\nIn speaking of his uncle, Captain Frederick, family historian William Frederick Parker notes:\n\"His voyages took him chiefly to the Indian and China seas and the Mediterranean, in the barque 'Walton.' He too, lost his life in following his profession. He was never married. His body was interred at Cardiff, Wales. (His Brother, Captain John Nutting Parker, drowned in 1868 at Liverpool, England and James Walton Parker, while commanding one of his father\u2019s ships upon a voyage to the East, perished with the ship, which was never heard of after setting sail.)\".\n\nA half model of the Walton is stored at the Mystic Seaport museum in Connecticut. She was wrecked in fog on White Ledge off of Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick in the Bay of Fundy on September 14, 1878.\n\nReferences\n\n Mystic Seaport - Objects\n Daniel McNeill Parker, M.D.; his ancestry and a memoir of his life. online\n\nExternal links\n Ship Registry Index - Library and Archives Canada\n Maritime Museum of the Atlantic - Shipwrecks\n Dictionary of Canadian Biography - Daniel McNeill Parker\n Art Gallery of Nova Scotia Ships Gallery Online\n\nBarques\nSailing ships of Canada\nMaritime history of Canada\nTall ships of Canada\nIndividual sailing vessels\nShips built in Nova Scotia\nVictorian-era merchant ships of Canada\nShipwrecks of the New Brunswick coast", "meta": {"title": "Walton (barque)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walton%20%28barque%29", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Navares de Enmedio is a municipality located in the province of Segovia, Castile and Le\u00f3n, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 136 inhabitants.\n\nReferences\n\nMunicipalities in the Province of Segovia", "meta": {"title": "Navares de Enmedio", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navares%20de%20Enmedio", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Montemonaco es una localidad y comune italiana de la provincia de Ascoli Piceno, regi\u00f3n de las Marcas, con  habitantes.\n\nEvoluci\u00f3n demogr\u00e1fica\n\nReferencias\n\nEnlaces externos \n\nLocalidades de la provincia de Ascoli Piceno", "meta": {"title": "Montemonaco", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montemonaco", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Johannes Rudolf Georg \u201eHans\u201c D\u00f6ring (* 31. August 1901 in Hannover; \u2020 2. Juli 1970 in N\u00fcrnberg) war ein deutscher Politiker (NSDAP) und SS-F\u00fchrer.\n\nLeben und Wirken \nHans D\u00f6ring war der Sohn des Beamten Johannes D\u00f6ring und seiner Frau Margaretha geborene Lehning. Er besuchte zwischen 1907 und 1918 die Mittelvorschule und danach das Realgymnasium in Wiesbaden. Mit der Obersekundareife begann er am 1. April 1918 eine kaufm\u00e4nnische Lehre in einem Wiesbadener Lebensmittelgro\u00dfhandel, die er im Sommer des Jahres allerdings abbrach. Bis 1919 arbeitete er als Transportarbeiter und absolvierte anschlie\u00dfend bis 1922 eine Lehre in einem Speditionsgesch\u00e4ft. Danach verdiente er seinen Lebensunterhalt nacheinander in verschiedenen Gewerben: So war er von 1922 bis 1923 beim Reichsverm\u00f6gensamt angestellt. Am 16. Mai 1923 wurde er durch die Strafkammer I in Wiesbaden wegen Beg\u00fcnstigung zu einer sechsw\u00f6chigen Gef\u00e4ngnisstrafe verurteilt, die er durch Anrechnung der Untersuchungshaft nicht antreten musste. Danach arbeitete er bis 1924 als Arbeiter eines Tiefbauunternehmens. Danach war er von 1924 bis 1930 in verschiedenen Unternehmen der Speditions-, S\u00fc\u00dfwaren- und Versicherungsbranche als Kaufmann im Au\u00dfendienst und dann von 1931 bis 1932 als Kaufmann und Spediteur in Darmstadt t\u00e4tig. Im Jahr 1932 ging D\u00f6ring nach Vadenrod, wo er weiterhin als Spediteur t\u00e4tig war. In erster Ehe war D\u00f6ring mit Hedwig Ellert und in zweiter Ehe mit Maria Luise Barbara Heuler verheiratet.\n\nAm 15. November 1928 trat D\u00f6ring der SA bei. Der NSDAP trat er zum 1. Dezember 1928 bei (Mitgliedsnummer 106.490). Au\u00dferdem war er ein fr\u00fches Mitglied der SS, zu der er am 6. Januar 1929 (SS-Nummer 1.327) von der SA \u00fcbertrat. Ab 1928 amtierte er als SS-F\u00fchrer in den Bereichen Wiesbaden, Darmstadt, Kassel und Dresden. Am 15. Januar 1930 wurde er in den Rang eines Sturmf\u00fchrers erhoben. Am 8. M\u00e4rz 1931 folgte die Bef\u00f6rderung zum SS-Standartenf\u00fchrer.\n\nIn den Jahren 1931 und 1932 war D\u00f6ring Abgeordneter der NSDAP im Hessischen Landtag. W\u00e4hrend oder kurz nach seiner Abgeordnetenzeit gr\u00fcndete er einen SS-Sturm in Vadenrod. Am 3. Juni 1932 wurde D\u00f6ring durch den hessischen Gauleiter Karl Lenz aus der NSDAP ausgeschlossen. Am 12. August wurde er vom Amtsgericht Darmstadt wegen des Erwerbs einer Schusswaffe ohne Waffenschein zu einer Strafe von 35 Reichsmark verurteilt, die ihm aber durch eine Amnestie vom 20. Dezember 1932 erlassen wurde. Schon zuvor wurde er am 12. September wieder in die Partei aufgenommen, nachdem sein Parteiausschluss zur\u00fcckgenommen worden war. \n\nNach der nationalsozialistischen \u201eMachtergreifung\u201c \u00fcbernahm Hans D\u00f6ring am 15. September 1933 von seinem Vorg\u00e4nger, dem SS-Oberf\u00fchrer Friedrich Schlegel in Dresden den SS-Abschnitt II. Dies erfolgte feierlich in Form eines Aufmarsches von 3000 SS-M\u00e4nnern im Beisein des s\u00e4chsischen Ministerpr\u00e4sidenten Manfred von Killinger. Gemeinsam mit Max Simon baute er die sp\u00e4tere SS-Wachtruppe Sachsen, die im KZ Hohnstein und im KZ Sachsenburg eingesetzt wurde, auf. Am 9. November des Jahres erreichte er mit der Bef\u00f6rderung zum Oberf\u00fchrer den untersten Generalsrang innerhalb der SS. Von November 1933 bis zum M\u00e4rz 1936 sa\u00df er als Abgeordneter f\u00fcr den Wahlkreis 28 (Dresden-Bautzen) im nationalsozialistischen Reichstag. Anschlie\u00dfend zog er trotz erneuter Kandidatur nicht erneut in den Reichstag ein. \n\nAls SS-Oberf\u00fchrer war er einer der Hauptorganisatoren der F\u00fchrertagung der Schutzstaffel, die im Dezember 1934 in Dresden stattfand. Am 6. Mai 1935 wechselte Hans D\u00f6ring als SS-Oberf\u00fchrer des SS-Abschnittes XXVIII nach Allenstein. Sein Nachfolger das F\u00fchrer des s\u00e4chsischen SS-Abschnittes II wurde Walter Burghardt.\n\nAb dem 1. Juni 1936 war Hans D\u00f6ring wieder hauptamtlich bei der SS t\u00e4tig und war bis zum 1. Januar 1937 F\u00fchrer der 31. SS-Standarte (Landshut). W\u00e4hrend dieser Zeit erhielt er am 3. November 1936 wegen des F\u00fchrens einer schwarzen Kasse einen strengen Verweis. Am 26. Januar 1937 wurde ein Verfahren vor einem SS-Gericht gegen ihn er\u00f6ffnet, da seine Vorstrafe nicht in seinen pers\u00f6nlichen Papieren eingetragen war. Dieses Verfahren endete ebenfalls mit einem strengen Verweis. Am 1. Januar 1939 wurde er mit der F\u00fchrung eines SS-Abschnitts beauftragt. Bis zum 1. M\u00e4rz stand er dem SS-Abschnitt IX (N\u00fcrnberg) vor und danach bis zum 1. Oktober 1942 dem SS-Abschnitt I (M\u00fcnchen). Im April 1939 sprach das Oberste Parteigericht der NSDAP D\u00f6ring von dem Vorwurf frei, sich im Winter 1932/1933 als F\u00fchrer der 35. SS-Standarte in Kassel bei der Durchf\u00fchrung eines Getreidenotopfers (Sammlung zugunsten der Partei und ihrer Gliederungen) pers\u00f6nlich bereichert zu haben.\n\nNach Beginn des Zweiten Weltkrieges war D\u00f6ring von 1939 bis 1941 Stabsf\u00fchrer beim Reichskommissar f\u00fcr die Festigung deutschen Volkstums in Posen. Am 10. Juni 1941 folgte D\u00f6rings Beitritt zur Waffen-SS. Bis September war er Gruppenf\u00fchrer in der Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (LSSAH). Vom 19. November 1941 bis zum 1. Mai 1943 war er SS- und Polizei-Standortf\u00fchrer in Stalino in der Ukraine und vom 6. Dezember 1941 bis zum 30. September 1943 auch im Stalino-Donezgebiet. In der allgemeinen SS hatte er seit dem 20. April 1942 den Rang eines Brigadef\u00fchrers inne. Au\u00dferdem wird ihm in der Rangliste der Rang eines Generalmajors der Polizei zugeschrieben. Von 1942 bis 1944 geh\u00f6rte er dem Stab des Reichsf\u00fchrer SS an. \n\nDer letzten SS-Dienstalterliste aus dem Jahr 1944 zufolge geh\u00f6rte D\u00f6ring zu dieser Zeit dem Stab des SS-Oberabschnittes Warthe unter Beurlaubung zur Waffen-SS an. D\u00f6ring war von 1944 bis 1945 Bataillonskommandeur und Kompaniechef bei der 16. SS-Panzergrenadier-Division \u201eReichsf\u00fchrer SS\u201c, die in Italien f\u00fcr etliche Massaker verantwortlich war. Am 8. Februar 1945 wurde ein Verfahren wegen milit\u00e4rischen Ungehorsams gegen ihn eingestellt.\n\nLiteratur \n Jochen Lengemann: MdL Hessen. 1808\u20131996. Biographischer Index (= Politische und parlamentarische Geschichte des Landes Hessen. Bd. 14 = Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission f\u00fcr Hessen. Bd. 48, 7). Elwert, Marburg 1996, ISBN 3-7708-1071-6, S. 109.\n Joachim Lilla, Martin D\u00f6ring, Andreas Schulz: Statisten in Uniform. Die Mitglieder des Reichstags 1933\u20131945. Ein biographisches Handbuch. Unter Einbeziehung der v\u00f6lkischen und nationalsozialistischen Reichstagsabgeordneten ab Mai 1924. Droste, D\u00fcsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-7700-5254-4.\n Klaus-Dieter Rack, Bernd Vielsmeier: Hessische Abgeordnete 1820\u20131933. Biografische Nachweise f\u00fcr die Erste und Zweite Kammer der Landst\u00e4nde des Gro\u00dfherzogtums Hessen 1820\u20131918 und den Landtag des Volksstaats Hessen 1919\u20131933 (= Politische und parlamentarische Geschichte des Landes Hessen. Bd. 19 = Arbeiten der Hessischen Historischen Kommission. NF Bd. 29). Hessische Historische Kommission, Darmstadt 2008, ISBN 978-3-88443-052-1, Nr. 145.\n Hans Georg Ruppel, Birgit Gro\u00df: Hessische Abgeordnete 1820\u20131933. Biographische Nachweise f\u00fcr die Landst\u00e4nde des Gro\u00dfherzogtums Hessen (2. Kammer) und den Landtag des Volksstaates Hessen (= Darmst\u00e4dter Archivschriften. Bd. 5). Verlag des Historischen Vereins f\u00fcr Hessen, Darmstadt 1980, ISBN 3-922316-14-X, S. 89.\n\nWeblinks\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nReichstagsabgeordneter (Deutsches Reich, 1933\u20131945)\nLandtagsabgeordneter (Volksstaat Hessen)\nNSDAP-Mitglied\nAngeh\u00f6riger der Waffen-SS\nSS- und Polizeif\u00fchrer\nPerson (deutsche Besetzung der Ukraine 1941\u20131944)\nPerson (Wartheland)\nSS-Brigadef\u00fchrer und Generalmajor der Polizei\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1901\nGestorben 1970\nMann", "meta": {"title": "Hans D\u00f6ring (Politiker)", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20D%C3%B6ring%20%28Politiker%29", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Live in Finland \u00e4r ett livealbum fr\u00e5n 1993 av jazzgitarristen Andreas Pettersson Trio & Putte Wickman. Det \u00e4r Andreas f\u00f6rsta album under eget namn.\n\nL\u00e5tlista\nSummertime (George Gershwin/Ira Gershwin/DuBose Heward) \u2013 8:37\nStella by Starlight (Victor Young) \u2013 8:35\nHow High the Moon (Morgan Lewis) \u2013 8:32\nBody and Soul (Edward Heyman/Robert Sour/Frank Eyton/Johnny Green) \u2013 9:26\nMy Romance (Richard Rodgers/Lorenz Hart) \u2013 9:39\nGetting Close to You (Andreas Pettersson) \u2013 8:18\nLove for Sale (Cole Porter) \u2013 7:30\nAja's Theme (Torrie Zito) \u2013 5:19\nThere Will Never be Another You (Harry Warren/Mack Gordon) \u2013 8:29\n\nMedverkande\nAndreas Pettersson \u2013 gitarr\nJ\u00f6rgen Smeby \u2013 bas\nMartin L\u00f6fgren \u2013 trummor\nPutte Wickman \u2013 klarinett\n\nNoter\n\nMusikalbum 1993\nAlbum av Andreas Pettersson\nSvenska debutalbum", "meta": {"title": "Live in Finland", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live%20in%20Finland", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La frontera entre la Xina i Mong\u00f2lia \u00e9s la l\u00ednia de frontera terrestre que delimita els territoris de la Rep\u00fablica Popular de la Xina i Mong\u00f2lia.\n\nTra\u00e7at \nD'una longitud total de  km, aquesta frontera \u00e9s una de les m\u00e9s llargues del m\u00f3n i una de les m\u00e9s pobrament definides, tot i que s'arrib\u00e0 a un tractat definitiu el 26 de desembre de 1962. Comen\u00e7a a l'extrem oest, a 55\u00a0km de l'inici de la frontera entre R\u00fassia i Kazakhstan, marcada per les muntanyes Altai al trifini occidental Xina-Mong\u00f2lia R\u00fassia () abans de prendre una direcci\u00f3 general al sud-est, a l'est i a nord-est.\n\nA l'extrem oriental de Mong\u00f2lia, la frontera va cap a l'oest, a la frontera de Manx\u00faria i passant pel desert de Gobi i despr\u00e9sva cap al nord abans d'arribar al trifini oriental de la Xina, Mong\u00f2lia i R\u00fassia ().\n\nSepara la prov\u00edncia (en xin\u00e8s: \u7701 sh\u011bng) de Gansu i les regions aut\u00f2nomes (xin\u00e8s tradicional: \u81ea\u6cbb\u5340, xin\u00e8s simplificat: \u81ea\u6cbb\u533a z\u012bzh\u00ecq\u00f9) xineses del Xinjiang i Mong\u00f2lia Interior dels aimag mongols de Bayab-\u00d6lgii, Baiankhongor, Dornod, Dornogovi, Govi-Altai, Khovd, \u00d6mn\u00f6govi i S\u00fckhbaatar.\n\nHist\u00f2ria \nLa frontera es va crear en 1912 quan una part de les terres mongols va proclamar la seva independ\u00e8ncia de la Xina i va formar el Kanat de Mong\u00f2lia; m\u00e9s tard, en 1915 es va signar el tractat de Kiakhta on el kanat va ser proclamat una part aut\u00f2noma de la Xina. En 1945 es va organitzar a Mong\u00f2lia un refer\u00e8ndum que va confirmar la independ\u00e8ncia de Mong\u00f2lia.\n\nRefer\u00e8ncies\n\nBibliografia \n Boundaries, Maps, and Movement: Chinese, Russian, and Mongolian Empires in Early Modern Central Eurasia, Peter C. Perdue A: The International History Review, Vol. 20, No. 2 (Jun., 1998), pp. 263-286\n\nXina\nFronteres de la Xina\nRelacions entre la Rep\u00fablica Popular de la Xina i Mong\u00f2lia", "meta": {"title": "Frontera entre la Xina i Mong\u00f2lia", "url": "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontera%20entre%20la%20Xina%20i%20Mong%C3%B2lia", "language": "ca", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Filippo Benedetto Bunico (Beno\u00eet Bunico en fran\u00e7ais), n\u00e9 en 1801  et mort en 1863, \u00e9tait un homme politique ni\u00e7ois, d\u00e9put\u00e9 de Nice au parlement du royaume de Sardaigne au .\n\nNice fut occup\u00e9e en 1792 puis annex\u00e9e en 1793 par la France. Elle fut rendue au royaume de Sardaigne (Pi\u00e9mont-Sardaigne) en 1814 et redevint fran\u00e7aise en 1860.\n\nBiographie \nBeno\u00eet Bunico est le neveu de Philippe-Beno\u00eet Bunico, secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de pr\u00e9fecture du d\u00e9partement fran\u00e7ais des Alpes-Maritimes de 1804 \u00e0 1814.\n\nAvocat, \u00ab Benedetto Bunico \u00bb est \u00e9lu d\u00e9put\u00e9 au parlement du royaume de Sardaigne, si\u00e9geant \u00e0 Turin en 1848, et le premier d\u00e9put\u00e9 de Nice vice-pr\u00e9sident de la chambre subalpine. \u00c9lu conseiller municipal de Nice en 1848, il proteste contre la suppression des franchises du port et d\u00e9missionne de son mandat de d\u00e9put\u00e9 en 1853. Hostile \u00e0 la cession du comt\u00e9 de Nice \u00e0 la France en 1860, il refuse de pr\u00eater serment \u00e0 Napol\u00e9on III.\n\nIl est un membre fondateur de la Caisse d'\u00e9pargne de Nice.\n\nBeno\u00eet Bunico meurt en 1863 \u00e0 Nice et est enterr\u00e9 au cimeti\u00e8re du ch\u00e2teau. \n\n \nUne rue de Nice, englobant l\u2019ancienne rue de la juiverie (carriera de la judar\u00eca) porte son nom fran\u00e7ais, \u00ab rue Beno\u00eet-Bunico \u00bb  parce qu\u2019il fit abolir en 1848 l\u2019obligation de r\u00e9sidence pour les Juifs dans le ghetto (devenue caduque apr\u00e8s le rattachement \u00e0 la France en 1793, cette obligation ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement r\u00e9tablie en 1814 au retour de Nice au royaume de Sardaigne). Comme partout au centre de Nice, une plaque rappelle l\u2019ancien nom en langue ni\u00e7oise.\n\nUn monument en son honneur est inaugur\u00e9 le 5 mars 1894 (Le Petit Ni\u00e7ois, 20/12/1893).\n\nNotes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\n\nAnnexes\n\nBibliographie \n Ralph Schor (sous la direction de), Dictionnaire historique et biographique du comt\u00e9 de Nice, volume IV de la collection \u00ab Encyclop\u00e6dia Niciensis \u00bb, Nice, Serre, 2002, 412 pages , page 68 : notice \u00ab BUNICO Beno\u00eet \u00bb sign\u00e9e Ralph Schor.\n  Marguerite et Roger Isnard, Per Carriera : dictionnaire historique et anecdotique des rues de Nice, 1983,  2003, 359 pages, Serre \u00e9diteur, Nice, , page 68 : notice sur la rue Beno\u00eet-Bunico, class\u00e9e \u00e0 Bunico.\n\nArticles connexes \n Liste des d\u00e9put\u00e9s de la province de Nice\n Giudaria\n\nLiens externes\n\nPersonnalit\u00e9 politique italienne du XIXe si\u00e8cle\nAvocat italien du XIXe si\u00e8cle\nD\u00e9put\u00e9 de la province de Nice\nNaissance en 1801\nD\u00e9c\u00e8s en 1863", "meta": {"title": "Benedetto Bunico", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedetto%20Bunico", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "In enzymology, a retinol isomerase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction\n\nall-trans-retinol  11-cis-retinol\n\nHence, this enzyme has one substrate, all-trans-retinol, and one product, 11-cis-retinol. These enzymes are alternatively referred to as retinoid isomerases.\n\nThis enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically cis-trans isomerases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is all-trans-retinol 11-cis-trans-isomerase. This enzyme is also called all-trans-retinol isomerase.  This enzyme participates in retinol metabolism.\n\nIn vertebrates, RPE65 is the active retinol isomerase in the visual cycle. A lack of RPE65 function results in congenital blindness in children (specifically Leber congenital amaurosis). Emixustat, a partial inhibitor of RPE65, is currently in FDA clinical trials for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration.\n\nReferences\n\n \n \n \n\nEC 5.2.1\nEnzymes of unknown structure", "meta": {"title": "Retinol isomerase", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinol%20isomerase", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Hagbart Berg (f\u00f8dt 16. oktober 1874, d\u00f8d 1. marts 1936 i Slagelse) var en dansk postmester og politiker. Han sad i Folketinget for Venstre fra 1918 til 1924 og fra 1926 til 1929.\n\nBerg var s\u00f8n af l\u00e6rer Jens Nikolaj Poulsen Berg (1827-1881) og Dorthe Marie Jensen (f\u00f8dt Agergaard; 1835-1909). Familien var engageret i politik hvor b\u00e5de faren og farbroren C. Berg, som sad i Folketinget i mange \u00e5r, var venstrem\u00e6nd. Berg var bror til seminarieforstander og kvindesagsfork\u00e6mper Birgitte Berg Nielsen. Han blev gift i 1907 med Kirsten Kirstine Jeppesen (1880-1957).\n\nBerg blev f\u00f8dt i Vandborg vest for Lemvig 16. oktober 1874. Han afsluttede sin skolegang med pr\u00e6limin\u00e6reksamen i 1891 og blev ansat i Postv\u00e6senet som postekspedient i Lemvig i 1901. I 1921 blev han postmester i Bjerringbro og siden i 1926 i Ringk\u00f8bing og i 1932 i Slagelse.\n\nHan var aktiv i politik hele livet, f\u00f8rst i Venstrereformpartiet og senere i Venstre. Han var byr\u00e5dsmedlem i Lemvig 1906-1908 og 1910-1918. Berg var formand for Venstres organisation i Lemvigkredsen fra 1913. Han stillede op ved folketingsvalget 1913 i Rudk\u00f8bingkredsen men tabte til P. Munch. Han stillede op og blev valgt i Lemvigkredsen ved folketingsvalget i 1918 idet kredsens hidtidige folketingsmedlem Elias Sandb\u00e6k for Venstre var d\u00f8d kort f\u00f8r valget. Han blev genvalgt indtil 1924 og var igen i Folketinget fra folketingsvalget 1926 til 1929. Han blev ikke valgt ved folketingsvalgene i 1929 og 1932 og stillede derefter ikke op igen.\n\nBerg var formand for Venstres folketingsgruppe 1926-1929 og formand for Venstre i Jylland 1924-1927. Han var hovedbesyrelsesmedlem i Danmarks Afholdsforening 1928-1930.\n\nReferencer\n\nEksterne henvisninger \n \n Hagbart Berg i Dansk Biografisk Leksikons 3. udgave (1979-1984)\n\nFolketingsmedlemmer i 1910'erne\nFolketingsmedlemmer i 1920'erne\nTidligere folketingsmedlemmer fra Venstre", "meta": {"title": "Hagbart Berg", "url": "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagbart%20Berg", "language": "da", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "V\u00edctor Giorgi (1 de junio de 1952) es un psic\u00f3logo, profesor y decano uruguayo. \n\nFungi\u00f3 como decano de la Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda de la Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica en dos per\u00edodos consecutivos en 1999 - 2003 y 2003 - 2005. Tambi\u00e9n fue presidente del Instituto del Ni\u00f1o y Adolescente del Uruguay (INAU) entre 2005 y 2009.\n\nBiograf\u00eda \nSe recibi\u00f3 de Psic\u00f3logo en 1977. \nTambi\u00e9n realiz\u00f3 estudios de posgrado en Administraci\u00f3n de Servicios de Salud, Planificaci\u00f3n Estrat\u00e9gica y Formaci\u00f3n de Recursos Humanos en Salud. \n\nFue docente universitario desde 1980 hasta el 2005 (a\u00f1o en que asume la presidencia del INAU). Fue en 1993 y hasta el 2005 profesor titular del \u00c1rea de la Salud en la Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda de la Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica y es tambi\u00e9n autor de diversas ponencias y publicaciones sobre temas de su especialidad.\n\nEn el a\u00f1o 2005 debi\u00f3 optar por un nuevo mandato al frente del Decanato de la Facultad de Psicolog\u00eda y el cargo ofrecido por el presidente electo Tabar\u00e9 V\u00e1zquez a la presidencia del INAU, optando finalmente por este \u00faltimo. En el mismo se desempe\u00f1\u00f3 hasta el 27 de febrero de 2009, fecha en que present\u00f3 su renuncia, debido a la crisis del organismo, y precipitada principalmente a los cuestionamientos realizados por el sacerdote cat\u00f3lico Mateo M\u00e9ndez, el cual a su vez hab\u00eda renunciado en la anterior jornada al Instituto T\u00e9cnico de Rehabilitaci\u00f3n Juvenil (Interj). Giorgi fue sustituido en el cargo por la diputada Nora Castro. \n\nEl 17 de abril V\u00edctor Giorgi asume la Direcci\u00f3n General del Instituto Interamericano del Ni\u00f1o, la Ni\u00f1a y Adolescentes (IIN-OEA), Organismo Especializado de la OEA  en materia de ni\u00f1ez y adolescencia, para el periodo 2015-2019.\n\nReferencias \n\nEgresados de la Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica\nPsic\u00f3logos de Uruguay", "meta": {"title": "V\u00edctor Giorgi", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADctor%20Giorgi", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0420\u043e\u0431\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0441\u0434\u0435\u0301\u0439\u043b ()\u00a0\u2014 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e () \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0456 \u0413\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0456\u043d, \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u041c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0430, \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014  \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 (2010).\n\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\u0420\u043e\u0431\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0441\u0434\u0435\u0439\u043b \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438  (45.024518, -93.330630). \u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0411\u044e\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0421\u0428\u0410 2010 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0443 7,73\u00a0\u043a\u043c\u00b2, \u0437 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 7,23\u00a0\u043a\u043c\u00b2\u00a0\u2014 \u0441\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0442\u0430 0,50\u00a0\u043a\u043c\u00b2\u00a0\u2014 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0431'\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438.\n\n\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f \n\n\u0417\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043c 2010 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438  \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0432  \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456  \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d. \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 1806\u00a0\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431/\u043a\u043c\u00b2. \u0411\u0443\u043b\u043e 6416 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044c (830/\u043a\u043c\u00b2).\n\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:\n\n\u0414\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0447\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e 3,9 %. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 4,6\u00a0% \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0432.\n\n\u0417\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c: 22,0 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0456 18 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, 65,6 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043c 18\u201464 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, 12,4 %\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0456 65 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0456. \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 36,9 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443. \u041d\u0430 100 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456 \u0432 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e 90,7 \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0432; 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{"text": "Tipula harmonia \u00e4r en tv\u00e5vingeart som beskrevs av Mannheims 1966. Tipula harmonia ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Tipula och familjen storharkrankar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nStorharkrankar\nharmonia", "meta": {"title": "Tipula harmonia", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipula%20harmonia", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "|}\n\nWeblinks \n Register des New Zealand Historic Places Trust (englisch)\n\nCave\n!Cave\nBaudenkmaler Cave", "meta": {"title": "Liste der Baudenkmale in Cave", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste%20der%20Baudenkmale%20in%20Cave", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Karolina Horster (* 30. Juli 1986 in M\u00fcnchen) ist eine deutsche Schauspielerin.\n\nLeben \n\nKarolina Horster studierte von 2007 bis 2010 Schauspiel an der Folkwang-Universit\u00e4t in Essen. 2010 gewann sie mit ihren Mitstudierenden des vierten Jahrgangs der Folkwang-Universit\u00e4t beim Schauspielschultreffen f\u00fcr die Produktion Sinn den ersten Ensemblepreis des Bundesministeriums f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung. Neben dem Studium spielte sie in mehreren Theaterinszenierungen in den Schauspielh\u00e4usern von Bochum, Essen und Dortmund. Von 2011 bis 2013 war Karolina Horster fest am Theater und Orchester Heidelberg engagiert.\n\nSeitdem ist sie an verschiedenen Theatern t\u00e4tig, unter anderem am Staatsschauspiel Hannover, am M\u00fcnchner Volkstheater und am Schauspielhaus Bochum. Auch arbeitet sie f\u00fcr Film-, Fernseh- und Kinoproduktionen.\n\nKarolina spielte zudem im Kurzfilm Zwei Zimmer, Balkon, der im Jahr 2010 mit dem Studio Hamburg Nachwuchspreis als Bester Kurzfilm ausgezeichnet wurde. 2015 erhielt sie den Publikumspreis bei dem Theaterfestival \u201cRadikal Jung\u201d f\u00fcr das St\u00fcck Und jetzt: Die Welt unter der Regie von Jessica Glause.\n\nTheater\n\nFilmografie\n\nWeblinks \n \n \n Karolina Hoster  \u2013 Internetpr\u00e4senz der Folkwang-Hochschule\n Karolina Horster als Gast am Schauspiel Hannover\n Agenturprofil\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nFilmschauspieler\nTheaterschauspieler\nDeutscher\nGeboren 1986\nFrau", "meta": {"title": "Karolina Horster", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karolina%20Horster", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Joseph A. \"Lonny\" Bereal is an American R&B singer, songwriter and producer. He is also a member of Flipmode Squad with other rappers such as Busta Rhymes, Spliff Star and Reek da Villian.\n\nCareer\nBereal is the cousin of songwriter and producers Charles and Kenneth Bereal. Having started off as a drummer, Bereal got his first break as a background vocalist for John P. Kee, K-Ci & JoJo and Kelly Rowland. He began collaborating as a writer with singer Tank and has since worked as a songwriter and vocal producer with several artists like Chris Brown, Jamie Foxx, Snoop Dogg, Keri Hilson, and Keyshia Cole. In 2007, his credit on Tank's single \"Please Don't Go\" earned Bereal an ASCAP Award and a Grammy Award nomination. In 2010, he was nominated again for a Grammy Award for Best R&B Song for his contribution on Pleasure P's single \"Under\".\n\nBereal became part of the Notifi Music Group, a St. Louis based independent label, in early 2011. His debut album The Love Train includes contributions by Busta Rhymes, Trey Songz, Tank, Chris Brown, and Johnta Austin. The album's first single \"Favor\", a collaboration with singer Kelly Rowland, was released in May 2011.\n\nDiscography\n\nStudio albums\n\nSingles\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Official website\n \n \n\n21st-century African-American male singers\nAmerican contemporary R&B singers\nLiving people\nYear of birth missing (living people)", "meta": {"title": "Lonny Bereal", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonny%20Bereal", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Young, Black, Rich and Famous is the third album by the rap artist, producer and songwriter M-Doc.\n\nThe set felt somewhere between rap and R&B, and its ambitions were probably best realized on the lead single, which was a cover of the Deniece Williams' number one hit from 1977 \"Free\" M-Doc's version of the song released as the lead single scored minor chart success on the U.S. Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles, where it peaked at number sixty-one in 1998.\n\nTo the album contributed several other performers. Among them, the singer CeCe Peniston (on the track \"Keep It Real\"), with whom M-Doc collaborated on the singles produced for her (\"Searchin'\", \"I'm Not Over You\" and \"He Loves Me 2\").\n\nTrack listing\n\nCredits and personnel\n M-Doc - lead vocal, writer, producer, co-producer, executive producer, programming\n Jessie Campbell - lead vocal\n Cristina - lead vocal, back vocal\n Rhyme - back vocal\n CeCe Peniston - back vocal\n Shorty Gage - additional rap vocal\n Greg Gibbs - additional back vocal\n Blah Zae Blah - vocal\n D.A. Smart - vocal, writer\n Twista - vocal\n L.Smith - writer\n\n K.Little - writer\n Elroy Smith - writer\n T.Armstrong - writer\n R.Smith-also Furious 5 - writer\n Tanjila Pettis - writer\n S.Robinson - writer\n Ernest Wilson - writer\n Deniece Williams - writer\n Nathan Watts - writer\n Susaye Green - writer\n Henry Redd - writer\n Fredrick J. Taerrin - writer\n Richard Rudolph - writer\n Minnie Riperton - writer\n Scott Hammond - writer\n Persan Love - writer\n C.Mitchell - writer\n T.Parker - writer\n Lemoyne Alexander - instruments, producer\n Ant Dub - vocal producer\n\n N.O.I.D. - producer\n T.J. - producer\n Jere MC - producer\n C-Breeze - producer, writer\n Keith Henderson - guitar\n Ronnie Tyson - piano, Rhodes keyboards, guitar, back vocal, additional producer\n Lamar Jones - bass\n Steve Maestro - scratches\n Steve Weeder - engineer\n Steve Johnson - assistant engineer\n Matt Prock - mix\n Larry Sturm - mix\n Joey \"The Don\" Donatello - mix\n Ed Strickland - associate executive producer\n FPD3 and Jeff Weese - art direction, design\n Indasoul Songs (ASCAP) - publisher\n Alexia Music (Broadcast Music Incorporated) - publisher\n Nydrin Music (Broadcast Music Incorporated) - publisher\n Exactly Different (ASCAP) - publisher\n\nReferences \n\nGeneral\n\nSpecific\n\nExternal links \n \n \n\n1998 albums", "meta": {"title": "Young, Black, Rich and Famous", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%2C%20Black%2C%20Rich%20and%20Famous", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Saurabh Bhanwala (born 18 December 1999) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a defender for ARA in the I-League 2.\n\nCareer\nSaurabh Bhanwala as a child started playing in New Delhi and playing U-14 nationals representing Delhi state  held at Kalyani in 2012. Bhanwala is a product of Minerva Punjab youth system where he had an outstanding season in U-18 I-league which was held at Shillong, Bhanwala stayed with minerva next season where he was part of their senior team in I-League. After Bhanwala went on loan to CFL (Calcutta Football League) to Calcutta Custom, after it bhanwala returned to minerva playing for Punjab II where he played 2nd div i-league, after Bhanwala joined senior I-League team Roundglass Punjab FC, Saurabh Bhanwala made his first professional appearance in senior I-League for RoundGlass Punjab on 9 January 2021 against Aizawl FC. He played several games for roundglass in 2020-21 season and also won the title for \"Defensive action of the season \" award.\n\nCareer statistics\n\nClub\n\nHonours\nRajasthan United\nBaji Rout Cup: 2022\n\nReferences\n\n1999 births\nLiving people\nFootballers from Delhi\nIndian footballers\nAssociation football central defenders\nI-League players\nRoundGlass Punjab FC players\nRajasthan United FC players", "meta": {"title": "Saurabh Bhanwala", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saurabh%20Bhanwala", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Heinrich Melas (n. la 12 august 1829 \u00een Sebe\u0219 - d. la 23 noiembrie 1894, Sighi\u0219oara, Rom\u00e2nia) a fost un sas ardelean, avocat, dar \u0219i scriitor, poet \u0219i traduc\u0103tor.\n\nBiografie\nTat\u0103l s\u0103u, Samuel Melas, a fost preot evangelic \u00een Sebe\u0219. \u00centre anii 1842-1847, Heinrich a urmat cursurile gimnaziului din localitatea natal\u0103. Pe urm\u0103 \u0219i-a continuat studiile \u00een ora\u0219ul Sibiu.\n\nHeinrich Melas a intrat \u00eentre anii 1848-1849 \u00een Partidul ardelean al sa\u0219ilor. Dup\u0103 Revolu\u021bia din 1848 l-a cunoscut pe Hermann Brukenthal, care i-a fost profesor \u0219i mentor. A c\u0103l\u0103torit la Viena \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Hermann Brukenthal. Moartea timpurie a lui Brukenthal, l-a determinat s\u0103 se re\u00eentoarc\u0103 \u00een anul 1852 la Sibiu. A fost judec\u0103tor adjunct la Judec\u0103toria din Sibiu \u00eentre anii 1852-1854. A ocupat func\u021bii juridice similare \u00een Sebe\u0219, T\u00e2rgu-Mure\u0219, Aiud, Abrud, Geoagiu \u0219i Teiu\u0219 iar \u00een anul 1863 \u00een Comitatul T\u00e2rnava-Mic\u0103. Din motive familiale s-a decis s\u0103 renun\u021be la aceste func\u021bii \u0219i s-a stabilit \u00een anul 1877 ca avocat \u00een Sighi\u0219oara. \n\nA fost un membru activ al comunit\u0103\u021bii evanghelice, ocup\u00e2ndu-se \u0219i de probleme economice \u0219i gr\u0103din\u0103rit. Neav\u00e2nd copii, Heinrich Melas a donat sume importante comunit\u0103\u021bii evanghelice din Sighi\u0219oara.\n\nOperele sale scrise \u00een dialectul s\u0103sesc au fost publicate \u00een foileton, \u00een periodicul local Siebenb\u00fcrgischer Volksfreund.\n\nTraduceri\nA tradus mai ales poezii din limbile francez\u0103 \u0219i maghiar\u0103 (S\u00e1ndor Pet\u0151fi).\n\nVolume publicate\nFranz\u00f6sische und magyarische Dichtungen in metrischer \u00dcbersetzung  (Versuri franceze \u0219i maghiare \u00een traducere metric\u0103), Editura Graeser, Viena, 1885\n\nVezi \u0219i\nList\u0103 de scriitori de limba german\u0103\n\nLeg\u0103turi externe\n\nHeinrich Melas\n\nNote\n\nNa\u0219teri \u00een 1829\nDecese \u00een 1894", "meta": {"title": "Heinrich Melas", "url": "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich%20Melas", "language": "ro", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ammoudia (  \u201eSandstrand\u201c) ist ein Fischerort an der griechischen Westk\u00fcste in der Region Epirus am Ionischen Meer. Er bildet eine Ortsgemeinschaft im Gemeindebezirk Fanari der Gemeinde Parga und liegt etwa zehn Kilometer s\u00fcdlich der Stadt Parga. Ammoudia hatte im Jahre 2011 308 Einwohner.\n\nHauptwirtschaftszweig ist neben der Fischerei der Tourismus.\n\nDer Ort liegt an einer halbmondf\u00f6rmigen Meeresbucht mit rund 800 Meter Sandstrand, deren Wasser je nach Tageszeit t\u00fcrkis bis aquamarinblau erscheint. S\u00fcdlich der Bucht m\u00fcndet der Acheron, dessen S\u00fc\u00dfwasser den Salzgehalt im Meerwasser der Bucht senkt.\n\nAmmoudia ist \u00fcber die E\u00a055 (zwischen Igoumenitsa und Preveza) zu erreichen, von der bei Mesopotamos eine vier Kilometer langen Stichstra\u00dfe zum Ort f\u00fchrt.\n\nEtwa vier Kilometer entfernt befindet sich in Mesopotamos das Totenorakel Nekromantion. \n\nAmmoudia ist Schauplatz des Romans Das Ouzo-Orakel von Frank Schulz, wo es allerdings Kouphala genannt wird.\n\nEinzelnachweise \n\nOrt in Epirus\nArch\u00e4ologischer Fundplatz in Griechenland\nArch\u00e4ologischer Fundplatz in Europa\nAntike griechische Stadt\nParga", "meta": {"title": "Ammoudia", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammoudia", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "La Brillanne (; ) is a commune in the department of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence in southeastern France.\n\nPopulation\n\nIts inhabitants are referred to as Brillannais.\n\nSee also\nCommunes of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department\n\nReferences\n\nCommunes of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence\nAlpes-de-Haute-Provence communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia", "meta": {"title": "La Brillanne", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Brillanne", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 (; \u043d\u0430\u0440. 12 \u0436\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043d\u044f 1982)\u00a0\u2014 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430.\n\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0443\u00a0\u2014 292 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0433\u043b\u0430 21 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044f 2001, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0443\u00a0\u2014 441 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u00a0\u2014 7 \u043b\u044e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e 2000 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443.\n\u0417\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 2 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 ITF.\n\n\u0424\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 ITF (2\u20131)\n\n\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434 (0\u20131)\n\n\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434 (2\u20130)\n\n\u0424\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\n\n= \u0414\u0456\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\n\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \n \n \n\n\u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c 1982\n\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0423\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0430\u0434 \u0437 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Iowa\u2013South Dakota League was a minor league baseball circuit that operated  from 1902 to 1903 in the states of Iowa and South Dakota. The league was a Class D level league in both seasons. The Sioux Falls Canaries (1902) and Le Mars Blackbirds (1903) won the league championships.\n\nHistory\nThe Iowa\u2013South Dakota League contained six teams in its inaugural season, before being reduced to three in the final season. The Flandreau Indians, Le Mars Blackbirds, Rock Rapids Browns, Sheldon, Sioux City Cornhuskers and Sioux Falls Canaries were the charter members in 1902.\n\nThe Sioux Falls Canaries won the championship in 1902, with the Le Mars Blackbirds capturing the 1903 Iowa\u2013South Dakota League final championship.\n\nThe 1903 president of the Iowa-South Dakota League was J. U. Sammism, a Le Mars, Iowa attorney.\n\nCities represented\nCouncil Bluffs, Iowa:  Council Bluffs Bluffers (1903)\nFlandreau, South Dakota:  Flandreau Indians (1902)\nLe Mars, Iowa:  Le Mars Blackbirds (1902\u20131903)\nRock Rapids, Iowa:  Rock Rapids Browns (1902)\nSheldon, Iowa:  Sheldon (1902)\nSheldon, Iowa and Primghar, Iowa: Sheldon-Primghar Hyphens (1903)\nSioux City, Iowa:  Sioux City Cornhuskers 1902; Sioux City Soos (1903)\nSioux Falls, South Dakota:  Sioux Falls Canaries (1902\u20131903)\n\nStandings & statistics \n1902 Iowa-South Dakota League\nschedule\n Flandreau joined on June 20, and was awarded a record of (9\u20139), which made its overall first-half record 31\u201322.Flandreau won the second half and folded before the playoff against Sioux Falls.\n\n \n1903 Iowa-South Dakota League\n Council Bluffs folded on June 20 with a record of 1\u201322. On June 25, Council Bluffs transferred to Sheldon\u2013Primghar, which was awarded a record of 14\u201311.\n\nMLB alumni\nBob Black (Cornhuskers/Sioux)\nGeorge Bristow (Blackbirds)\nJim Buchanan (Blackbirds)\nFred Carisch (Canaries)\nBill Carney (Indians)\nHomer Hillebrand (Indians)\nPete Lister (Blackbirds)\nBill Moriarty  (Cornhuskers)\nPeaches O'Neill (Blackbirds)\nBranch Rickey (Blackbirds)\nShag Shaughnessy (Soos)\nDan Stearns (Indians)\nBabe Towne (Browns)\n\nReferences/Sources\nJohnson, Lloyd; Wolff, Miles (2007). The Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball. Baseball America (Third edition). \nBaseball Reference \u2013 Iowa-South Dakota League (D) Encyclopedia and History\n\n1902 establishments in South Dakota\n1902 establishments in Iowa\n1903 disestablishments in Iowa\n1903 disestablishments in South Dakota\nBaseball leagues in Iowa\nBaseball leagues in South Dakota\nDefunct minor baseball leagues in the United States\nSports leagues established in 1902\nSports leagues disestablished in 1903", "meta": {"title": "Iowa\u2013South Dakota League", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa%E2%80%93South%20Dakota%20League", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Justin Kelly (7 de marzo de 1992,  Toronto, Ontario, Canad\u00e1) es un actor canadiense. Es m\u00e1s conocido por su papel en \"Ultima Onda\" (The Latest Buzz), interpretando a Noah Jackson y a Chuck Lott en Between (serie de televisi\u00f3n).\n\nFilmograf\u00eda\n\nCine\n Numb, at the Edge of the End (2017) como... Johnny.\n Proyecto Jensen (2010) como... Brody Thompson.\n\nTelevisi\u00f3n\n The Last Buzz (2008\u20142010) as Noah Jackson\n Degrassi (2011\u20142013) como Jake Martin\n Between (2015\u20142016) como Chuck\n Open Heart (2015) como Wes Silver (12 episodios)\n Wynonna Earp (2018) como Robin Jett.\n\nEnlaces externos\n\nReferencias \n\nActores de Canad\u00e1\nNacidos en Toronto", "meta": {"title": "Justin Kelly", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justin%20Kelly", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "The Taromenane are an uncontacted people living in Yasuni National Park, at the Ecuadorian Amazon Basin.\n\nTogether with the Tagaeri they make up the two last known indigenous groups living in voluntary isolation in Ecuador. The clan is believed to be distantly related to the Huaorani people.\n\nIt is estimated there are 150\u2013300 Taromenane still maintaining a nomadic lifestyle in the rainforest, and perhaps only 20\u201330 surviving Tagaeri, although these numbers are uncertain.\n\nThe Taromenane has recently been under threat from oil developments and illegal logging in the Yasuni National Park. In February 2008, authorities in Ecuador agreed to investigate reports that five tribespeople belonging to the Taromenane and Tagaeri tribes had been killed by illegal loggers.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Yasuni Rainforest News \n Ecuador Bars Oil Extraction, Logging from Indigenous Zone \n Uncontacted: A field study of the Huaorani and their still uncontacted neighbors the Taromenane \n\nIndigenous peoples in Ecuador\nHuaorani\nUncontacted peoples", "meta": {"title": "Taromenane", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taromenane", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Diese Liste gibt den Fortschreibungsstand vom 14. April 2020 wieder und enth\u00e4lt sechs Baudenkm\u00e4ler.\n\nBaudenkm\u00e4ler nach Ortsteilen\n\nBurk \n\n|}\n\nSiehe auch \n Liste der Bodendenkm\u00e4ler in Burk\n\nAnmerkungen\n\nLiteratur\n\nWeblinks \n\n \n \n\n!\nBurk\nBaudenkmaler Burk", "meta": {"title": "Liste der Baudenkm\u00e4ler in Burk", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste%20der%20Baudenkm%C3%A4ler%20in%20Burk", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Ismedag\u00e3 (ou I\u0161me-Dag\u0101n, do ac\u00e1dio: \ud808\udc2d\ud808\udd56\ud808\ude28\ud808\udc2d\ud808\udc55\ud808\udcf6; transl.:di\u0161-me-dda-gan ) foi o quarto rei da Primeira Dinastia de Isim, de acordo com a Lista Real Sumeriana, e da Ac\u00e1dia e reinou por 18 anos. Foi filho de Idindag\u00e3 e pai de Lipite-Istar, seu sucessor.\n\nReinado\nIsmedag\u00e3 se orgulhava de se chamar Rei dos Quatro Cantos. H\u00e1 men\u00e7\u00f5es em seus t\u00edtulos sobre algumas cidades importantes da regi\u00e3o que provavelmente estavam sob o controle do Isim (Nipur, Ur, Eridu, Uruque) durante seu reinado.  \n\nEm algumas refer\u00eancias considera Ismedag\u00e3 como um deus, de acordo com o costume de culto ao imperador nos per\u00edodos da Terceira dinastia de Ur e nas dinastias de Isim e Elasar. Embora todos os quinze reis de Isim e os catorze reis de Elasar tenham nomes sem\u00edticos, e ambas as dinastias tamb\u00e9m sejam certamente sem\u00edticas, sua religi\u00e3o era sum\u00e9ria, e a deifica\u00e7\u00e3o e a adora\u00e7\u00e3o dos reis s\u00e3o caracter\u00edsticas da religi\u00e3o sum\u00e9ria e fundamentalmente opostas \u00e0s concep\u00e7\u00f5es religiosas sem\u00edticas.\n\nIsmedag\u00e3 nomeou sua filha Enanatuma como sacerdotisa do deus da lua de Ur.\n\nVer tamb\u00e9m \n Lista de reis da Ac\u00e1dia\n\nPrimeira dinastia de Isim\nReis da Ac\u00e1dia\nReis da Sum\u00e9ria", "meta": {"title": "Ismedag\u00e3 de Isim", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismedag%C3%A3%20de%20Isim", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Prumnopitys ist eine Pflanzengattung in der Familie der Steineibengew\u00e4chse (Podocarpaceae). Man nennt sie auch Kirscheiben. Die etwa zehn Arten kommen in einem disjunkten Areal vor: zum einen im \u00f6stlichen Australien, Malesien, Neukaledonien und Neuseeland, zum anderen von Venezuela bis Chile und in Costa Rica. Einige Arten sind wichtige Holzlieferanten.\n\nBeschreibung\n\nVegetative Merkmale \nPrumnopitys-Arten sind B\u00e4ume, die Wuchsh\u00f6hen von 60 Metern erreichen k\u00f6nnen. Die Rinde ist glatt und r\u00f6tlich bis gelblichbraun, innen etwas dunkler aber durch die Witterung grau werdend. Die Borke bricht an \u00e4lteren B\u00e4umen in unregelm\u00e4\u00dfige mehr oder weniger quadratische Platten, die 3 bis 5 Millimeter stark und 3 bis 10 Zentimeter gro\u00df sind. Die Blattknospen sind klein mit \u00fcberlappenden dreieckigen Knospenschuppen gesch\u00fctzt. Die Laubbl\u00e4tter sind spiralig am Zweig angeordnet.\n\nGenerative Merkmale \nPrumnopitys-Arten sind zweih\u00e4usig getrenntgeschlechtig (di\u00f6zisch). Die m\u00e4nnlichen Zapfen stehen einzeln oder in Gruppen. Die Samen sind von einem Arillus umgeben.\n\nSystematik und Verbreitung \n\nDie Gattung Prumnopitys wurde 1861 durch Rudolph Amandus Philippi in der Zeitschrift \"Linnaea\", Band 30, Seite 731 aufgestellt. Typusart ist Prumnopitys elegans  Synonyme f\u00fcr Prumnopitys  sind: Stachycarpus , Podocarpus sect. Stachycarpus , Podocarpus sect. Prumnopitys , Podocarpus sect. Taxoideae , Podocarpus subg. Stachycarpus , Van-tieghemia  nom. illeg., Botryopitys .\n\nDie Gattung Prumnopitys hat ein disjunktes Areal: zum einen im \u00f6stlichen Australien, Malesien, Neukaledonien und Neuseeland, zum anderen von Venezuela bis Chile und in Costa Rica.\n\nEs gibt etwa zehn Prumnopitys-Arten:\n Prumnopitys amara  (Syn.: Podocarpus amarus , Podocarpus eurhynchus , Podocarpus dulcamarus , Nageia amara , Nageia eurhyncha , Podocarpus pedunculatus , Stachycarpus amarus , Sundacarpus amarus ): Sie geh\u00f6rt seit 2011 zu dieser Gattung. Sie ist von der Nordostk\u00fcste Queenslands \u00fcber Neuguinea, Neubritannien, Neuirland, Molukken (Buru, Halmahera, Morotai), Kleine Sundainseln (Timor, Flores, West Sumbawa, Lombok), Java, zentrales bis s\u00fcdwestliches Sulawesi (Bonthain), Mindanao, Sabah bis Sumatra vor.\n Pflaumensteineibe oder Chilenische Kirscheibe (Prumnopitys andina , Syn.: Podocarpus spicatus , Podocarpus andinus , Prumnopitys elegans , Podocarpus valdivianus , Nageia andina , Stachycarpus andinus , Nageia valdiviana , Prumnopitys spicata ): Sie gedeiht in Anden im s\u00fcdlichen Argentinien und s\u00fcdlichen Chile.\n Prumnopitys exigua : Sie wurde 1984 aus Bolivien erstbeschrieben.\n Rotbraune Kirscheibe von den Maori auch Miro genannt (Prumnopitys ferruginea , Syn.: Podocarpus ferrugineus , Nageia ferruginea , Stachycarpus ferrugineus ): Sie kommt auf der Nord- sowie S\u00fcdinsel Neuseelands und auf Stewart Island vor.\n Prumnopitys ferruginoides  (Syn.: Podocarpus distichus , Podocarpus distichus var. maialis ): Sie kommt an vielen Fundorten in Neukaledonien vor.\n Prumnopitys harmsiana  (Syn.: Podocarpus harmsianus , Podocarpus utilior ): Sie gedeiht in den Anden in Kolumbien, Ecuador, Venezuela, Bolivien und Peru.\n Prumnopitys ladei : Dieser Endemit gedeiht nur in Regenw\u00e4ldern des Mt. Spurgeon sowie Mt. Lewis im nord\u00f6stlichen Queensland.\n Prumnopitys montana : Sie kommt von Kolumbien, Ecuador und dem westlichen Venezuela bis ins n\u00f6rdliche Peru vor.\n Prumnopitys standleyi : Dieser Endemit kommt nur in Volcan de Poas sowie Cerro Las Vueltas in Costa Rica vor.\n Neuseel\u00e4ndische Kirscheibe, Mata\u012b (Prumnopitys taxifolia ): Sie kommt auf der Nord- sowie S\u00fcdinsel Neuseelands vor.\n\nQuellen\n\nLiteratur \n Ed Biffin, Timothy J. Brodribb, Robert S. Hill, Philip Thomas, Andrew J. Lowe: Leaf evolution in Southern Hemisphere conifers tracks the angiosperm ecological radiation. In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 2011. \n Patrick Knopf, Christian Schulz, Damon P. Little, Thomas St\u00fctzel, Dennis W. Stevenson: Relationships within Podocarpaceae based on DNA sequence, anatomical, morphological, and biogeographical data. In: Cladistics, Volume 28, Issue 3, 2011, S. 271\u2013299.\n\nEinzelnachweise\n\nWeblinks \n\nSteineibengew\u00e4chse\nPodocarpaceae\nBaum", "meta": {"title": "Prumnopitys", "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prumnopitys", "language": "de", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Staying Alive\nStaying Power\nStaying a Life\nStaying Alive (trilha sonora)\n\nDesambigua\u00e7\u00e3o", "meta": {"title": "Staying", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staying", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Urbano Bruno Urbano Bruno Aascow ou Urbano Bruno Aaskow (Seeland, 1742 \u2014 Copenhaga, Dinamarca, 1806)  foi um conhecido e c\u00e9lebre m\u00e9dico dinamarqu\u00eas. Serviu na marinha de guerra e publicou, em 1774, um di\u00e1rio de observa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre as doen\u00e7as da tripula\u00e7\u00e3o da esquadra dinamarquesa que bombardeou Argel.\n\nFoi m\u00e9dico do rei da Dinamarca e membro do conselho director do Asilo dos inv\u00e1lidos militares. Deixou ainda muitas outras obras escritas.\n\nRefer\u00eancias\nUrbano Bruno.\nDicion\u00e1rio Universal Ilustrado, Ed. Jo\u00e3o Romano Torres & C\u00aa.1911.\nNova Enciclop\u00e9dia Portuguesa, Ed. Publica\u00e7\u00f5es Ediclube, 1996.\n\nM\u00e9dicos da Dinamarca", "meta": {"title": "Urbano Bruno", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urbano%20Bruno", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Haughton impact crater is located on Devon Island, Nunavut in far Northern Canada. It is about  in diameter and was formed 31-32 million years ago during the Early Oligocene. The impacting object is estimated to have been approximately  in diameter. Devon Island itself is composed of Paleozoic shale and siltstone overlying gneissic bedrock. When the crater formed, the shale and siltstone were peeled back to expose the basement; material from as deep as  has been identified.\n\nDescription \n\nAt 75\u00b0 north latitude, it is one of the highest-latitude impact craters known. The temperature is below the freezing point of water for much of the year, and the limited vegetation is slow-growing, leading to very little weathering. For this reason Haughton retains many geological features that lower-latitude craters lose to erosion.\n\nBecause Haughton's geology and climatology are as close to Mars-like as can be had on Earth, Haughton and its environs have been dubbed by scientists working there as \"Mars on Earth.\" For example, the centre of the crater contains impact breccia (ejected rock which has fallen back into the impact zone and partially re-welded) that is permeated with permafrost, thus creating a close analogue to what may be expected at crater sites on a cold, wet Mars. The Mars Institute and the SETI Institute operate the Haughton\u2013Mars Project at this site, designed to test many of the challenges of life and work on Mars. The non-profit Mars Society also operates the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (FMARS) at this site and conducts similar research.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Devon Island & Haughton Crater \u2013 Arctic-Mars.org\n Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (FMARS), The Mars Society\n\nImpact craters of Canada\nImpact craters of the Arctic\nEocene impact craters\nBartonian Stage\nLandforms of Qikiqtaaluk Region\nDevon Island", "meta": {"title": "Haughton impact crater", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haughton%20impact%20crater", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Snekkjufoss (in lingua islandese: cascata della barca a vela) \u00e8 una cascata situata nella penisola di Sn\u00e6fellsnes, nella regione del Vesturland, nella parte occidentale dell'Islanda.\n\nDescrizione \nLa cascata \u00e8 situata lungo il corso del fiume H\u00f3lmskels\u00e1, che trae la sua origine dal ghiacciaio Sn\u00e6fellsj\u00f6kull. Dal ghiacciaio il fiume scorre in direzione nord e va a cadere nella gola Bl\u00e1gil (gola blu) formando la cascata Snekkjufoss; il corso d'acqua prosegue poi il suo flusso andando a sfociare nel fiordo Brei\u00f0afj\u00f6r\u00f0ur, vicino a Rif, un piccolo villaggio di pescatori che fa parte del comune di Sn\u00e6fellsb\u00e6r. \n\nPoco a monte, lungo lo stesso corso d'acqua, si trova la cascata Kerlingarfoss, mentre la cascata Klukkufoss si trova poco lontano in direzione ovest, ma \u00e8 alimentata da un altro fiume.\n\nVoci correlate\n Cascate dell'Islanda\n\nCascate dell'Islanda", "meta": {"title": "Snekkjufoss", "url": "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snekkjufoss", "language": "it", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "L'\u00c9cole de San Francisco ou  Mouvement Figuratif de la Baie de San Francisco, aussi connu sous le nom Bay Area Figurative School, Bay Area Figurative Art et Bay Area Figuration, est un mouvement artistique du  dont font partie plusieurs d'artistes vivants dans le secteur de la Baie de San Francisco.\n\nIl se caract\u00e9rise par un abandon de l'expressionnisme abstrait et d'un retour \u00e0 la figuration dans la peinture. \n\nLe mouvement s'\u00e9talant sur les deux d\u00e9cennies des ann\u00e9es 1950 et 1960,  se d\u00e9compose en trois groupes ou g\u00e9n\u00e9rations : \n La premi\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9ration\n La g\u00e9n\u00e9ration Bridge \n La seconde g\u00e9n\u00e9ration\n\nLa Bay First Generation Artists Area School \nIssu du mouvement expressionniste abstrait, les artistes dits de la \u00ab premi\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9ration \u00bb abandonn\u00e8rent peu \u00e0 peu le concept de peinture subjective pour un retour vers l'art figuratif. Parmi ces artistes, on trouve : David Park, Richard Diebenkorn, Elmer Bischoff, Wayne Thiebaud et James Weeks.\n\nLa Bridge Generation \nLa Bridge Generation comprenait Nathan Oliveira, Th\u00e9ophile Brown, Paul Wonner, Roland Petersen, John Hultberg et Frank Lobdell.\n\nLa \u00ab Seconde G\u00e9n\u00e9ration \u00bb \nLes promoteurs de la \u00ab Seconde G\u00e9n\u00e9ration \u00bb \u00e9taient pour la plupart des \u00e9l\u00e8ves des artistes de la Premi\u00e8re G\u00e9n\u00e9ration. Parmi eux : Bruce McGaw, Henry Villierme, Joan Brown et Manuel Neri. \n\nDe nombreuses institutions et \u00e9coles d'art de la r\u00e9gion de San Francisco ont particip\u00e9 au d\u00e9veloppement de ce mouvement artistique, notamment le San Francisco Art Institute, la California College of Arts and Crafts et l'Universit\u00e9 de Berkeley.\n\nR\u00e9f\u00e9rences \n Jones, Caroline A. (1990) Bay Area Figurative Art: 1950-1965, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press  \n Landauer, Susan (2000) The Lighter Side of Bay Area Figuration, San Jose, CA: Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art\n\nArticles connexes \n Art figuratif\n\nLiens externes\n Bay Area Figurative Movements, John Natsoulas Galerie, 2006. \n The San Francisco Rebellion par Edward M. Gomez,  Time , f\u00e9vrier 5, 1990. \n [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE6D9113AF93AA1575BC0A966958260&pagewanted=print Review/Art: San Francisco Revolution in Style Recalled in a Traveling Exhibition\"] par Roberta Smith, New York Times '', ao\u00fbt 29, 1990. \n The Lighter Side of Bay Area Figuration, San Jose Museum of Art, -novembre 26, 2000. \n\nMouvement artistique contemporain\nArt moderne\nMouvement d'art am\u00e9ricain", "meta": {"title": "\u00c9cole de San Francisco", "url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole%20de%20San%20Francisco", "language": "fr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Sean Wayne Conover (born July 31, 1984) is a former American football defensive end. He was signed by the Tennessee Titans as an undrafted free agent in 2006. He played college football at Bucknell.\n\nConover has also been a member of the Atlanta Falcons, Baltimore Ravens, New York Jets, Detroit Lions, St. Louis Rams and Hartford Colonials.\n\nEarly years\nConover graduated from Whitman-Hanson Regional High School, where he earned three varsity letters each in football and basketball, and one in baseball. The football team captured league championships in 2000 and 2001 and were Division 3 state champs in 2001 and runner-up in 2000. He was an All-league selection and the WATD Distinguished Player of the Year. Additionally, he was a Shriner's All-Star selection and a two-time All-league performer and team captain in basketball, leading the league in scoring as a senior.\n\nCollege career\nConover played college football at Bucknell. In four-year career at Bucknell, Conover played in\n36 games and made 34 consecutive starts. Finished career with 142 tackles, 33 tackles for loss, 17.5 sacks (fifth in school history),\nnine fumbles forced, three fumble recoveries and nine passes defensed.\n\nConover, as senior, started all 11 games and repeated as First-team All-Patriot League selection. He also earned George Rieu Award as team's top defensive lineman for second year and received Pete Pedrick Award as most improved Bucknell athlete in senior class (in any sport). He completed senior season with 44 tackles, nine tackles for loss and three sacks. He also played tight end and hauled in seven receptions for 102 yards. As junior, Conover started all 11 games and named Patriot League Defensive Player of the Year. He also earned Second-team All-America honors from Associated Press. Also earned First-team All-Patriot League, George Rieu Award as Bucknell's top defensive lineman and Tom Gadd Coaches' Award. For the year he recorded career-highs in tackles (55), sacks (10.5), tackles for loss (18), forced fumbles (5) and passes defensed (4).\n\nAs a sophomore Conover was impressive in his debut on defense as one of five defensive players to start all 12 games. He finished with 43 tackles (20 solo) and led team with 4.0 sacks and had six tackles for loss and forced team-high three fumbles and batted down three passes. He earned Tom Gadd Coaches' Award at season's end, given in recognition of a player's commitment to the Bucknell football program . In 2002 as a Freshman he played tight end and made two varsity appearances on special teams. He caught five passes for 61 yards and made six special teams tackles for the junior varsity squad.\n\nProfessional career\n\nPre-draft\nConover measured 6-5\u215b and 275 pounds and ran a 4.81 forty-yard dash.\n\nTennessee Titans\nConover was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Tennessee Titans. As a rookie in 2006, he played six games with two starts and totaled 21 tackles, one tackle for loss and two quarterback pressures after spending the first 11 weeks of season on practice squad.\n\nBy playing for the Titans, Conover became the 40th member of the Bucknell Bison to play in the NFL. He played the 2007 season with the Titans as a backup and totaled one tackle in five games before being released.\n\nSt. Louis Rams\nConover was signed to the St. Louis Rams' practice squad on November 28, 2009. He was signed to a future contract on January 6, 2010.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nBucknell Bison bio\nNFL players from Bucknell\nDetroit Lions bio\nSt. Louis Rams bio\nTennessee Titans bio\n\n1984 births\nLiving people\nPlayers of American football from Massachusetts\nSportspeople from Brockton, Massachusetts\nAmerican football defensive ends\nAmerican football tight ends\nBucknell Bison football players\nTennessee Titans players\nAtlanta Falcons players\nBaltimore Ravens players\nNew York Jets players\nDetroit Lions players\nSt. Louis Rams players\nHartford Colonials players\nWhitman-Hanson Regional High School alumni", "meta": {"title": "Sean Conover", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean%20Conover", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Neptis jacouleti \u00e4r en fj\u00e4rilsart som beskrevs av Watari 1941. Neptis jacouleti ing\u00e5r i sl\u00e4ktet Neptis och familjen praktfj\u00e4rilar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.\n\nK\u00e4llor \n\nPraktfj\u00e4rilar\njacouleti", "meta": {"title": "Neptis jacouleti", "url": "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptis%20jacouleti", "language": "sv", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Logic, w\u0142a\u015bciwie Sir Robert Bryson Hall II (ur. 22 stycznia 1990 r. w Rockville) \u2013 ameryka\u0144ski raper, producent muzyczny i autor tekst\u00f3w oraz piosenkarz.\n\n\u017byciorys\n\n1990-2005: Dzieci\u0144stwo \nSir Robert Bryson Hall II urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 22 stycznia 1990 w Rockville w stanie Maryland. Jego ojciec, Robert Bryson Hall, jest Afroamerykaninem z Maryland, a matka jest Amerykank\u0105. Logic sp\u0119dzi\u0142 wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 swojej m\u0142odo\u015bci w dzielnicy West Deer Park w Gaithersburg w tym stanie. Jego ojciec by\u0142 uzale\u017cniony od kokainy, a matka cierpia\u0142a na alkoholizm. Mimo \u017ce jego ojciec pocz\u0105tkowo nie interesowa\u0142 si\u0119 synem, Logic by\u0142 w stanie nawi\u0105za\u0107 z nim kontakt ze wzgl\u0119du na jego rosn\u0105c\u0105 karier\u0119 rapow\u0105. W dzieci\u0144stwie, Logic by\u0142 \u015bwiadkiem, jak jego bracia produkuj\u0105 i rozprowadzaj\u0105 kokain\u0119 do \u201euzale\u017cnionych w ca\u0142ym bloku\u201d, w tym do jego ojca. Logic twierdzi, \u017ce dok\u0142adnie wie, jak wytwarza\u0107 kokain\u0119 po tym jak to zobaczy\u0142. Ucz\u0119szcza\u0142 do gimnazjum w Gaithersburg, jednak go nie uko\u0144czy\u0142 i wkr\u00f3tce zosta\u0142 wydalony po tym, jak zacz\u0105\u0142 opuszcza\u0107 zaj\u0119cia w dziesi\u0105tej klasie. Logic skomentowa\u0142 wyrzucenie ze szko\u0142y, stwierdzaj\u0105c: \u201eZacz\u0105\u0142em \u017ale si\u0119 zachowywa\u0107 i nie zda\u0142em ka\u017cdej kolejnej klasy, opr\u00f3cz angielskiego, wi\u0119c wyrzucili mnie ze szko\u0142y.\n\nKariera\n\n2005-2012: Pocz\u0105tki kariery i pierwsze mixtape'y \nW wieku 13 lat Logic spotka\u0142 Solomona Taylora, kt\u00f3ry sta\u0142 si\u0119 jego mentorem. Logic zainteresowa\u0142 si\u0119 rapem po przes\u0142uchaniu soundtracka do filmu Kill Bill w re\u017cyserii Quentina Tarantino. \u015acie\u017cka d\u017awi\u0119kowa zosta\u0142a wyprodukowana przez RZA, cz\u0142onka grupy hip-hopowej Wu-Tang Clan. Po tym, Logic zacz\u0105\u0142 s\u0142ucha\u0107 grupy i bardzo spodoba\u0142 mu si\u0119 hip hop. Logic kupi\u0142 album grupy The Roots Do You Want More?!!!??!, p\u00f3\u017aniej tego samego roku, Taylor da\u0142 Logicowi wiele p\u0142yt zawieraj\u0105cych instrumentale, aby napisa\u0142 do nich teksty. W 2009 r. Logic wyst\u0105pi\u0142 pod pseudonimem \u201ePsychological\u201d, opisuj\u0105c t\u0119 nazw\u0119 jako \u201ejedno imi\u0119, kt\u00f3re naprawd\u0119 lubi\u0119. Po prostu kocha\u0142em to s\u0142owo, poniewa\u017c dotyczy\u0142o ono umys\u0142u i wiedzia\u0142em, \u017ce jest to to, na czym chcia\u0142em, \u017ceby moja muzyka sk\u0142ada\u0142a si\u0119 z czego\u015b, co naprawd\u0119 nak\u0142ania do my\u015blenia\u201d. Wyda\u0142 nieoficjalny mixtape zatytu\u0142owany Psychological - Logic: The Mixtape pod swoim oryginalnym pseudonimem. Mixtape zyska\u0142 uznanie du\u017cej ilo\u015bci artyst\u00f3w takich jak Pitbull, EPMD, Method Man, Redman i Ludacris. P\u00f3\u017aniej raper skr\u00f3ci\u0142 \u201ePsychological\u201d do \u201eLogic\u201d.\n\nLogic wyda\u0142 sw\u00f3j pierwszy oficjalny mixtape, Young, Broke & Infamous, 15 grudnia 2010 roku. Mixtape zosta\u0142 dobrze przyj\u0119ty przez krytyk\u00f3w. Chris Zarou, prezes Visionary Music Group, us\u0142ysza\u0142 mixtape i podpisa\u0142 kontrakt z raperem. Logic stwierdzi\u0142 w wywiadzie: \u201eVisionary Music Group jest jak Roc-A-Fella, Damon Dash, lubi\u0119 widzie\u0107 siebie jako Jaya, w \u017caden spos\u00f3b nie jestem arogancki ani zarozumia\u0142y, zrobili to tak, jak chcieli\u201d. Mixtape zosta\u0142y pobrany ponad 250 000 razy ze strony DatPiff. Logic wyda\u0142 sw\u00f3j drugi mixtape, Young Sinatra, w 2011 roku. Jest to pierwsza cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 chronologii Young Sinatra, a mixtape zyska\u0142 uznanie krytyk\u00f3w. Teledysk do \u201eAll I Do\u201d, wydany na YouTube, zyska\u0142 ponad milion wy\u015bwietle\u0144 w tydzie\u0144 po wydaniu.\n\nPo sukcesie poprzednich dw\u00f3ch projekt\u00f3w, Logic wypu\u015bci\u0142 sw\u00f3j trzeci mixtape Young Sinatra: Undeniable 30 kwietnia 2012 roku. Mixtape ten r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 od innych, Logic porusza w nim tematy zwi\u0105zane z jego przesz\u0142o\u015bci\u0105, za\u017cywaniem narkotyk\u00f3w przez ojca, wydaleniem ze szko\u0142y oraz ugodzenie jego matki no\u017cem. M\u00f3wi\u0105c o mixtape, Logic powiedzia\u0142: \u201eFani maj\u0105 tendencj\u0119 do my\u015blenia, je\u015bli lubi\u0105 artyst\u0119. Sam stworzy\u0142em wszystkie utwory od samego pocz\u0105tku, wi\u0119c nigdy nie mo\u017cesz powiedzie\u0107, \u017ce si\u0119 zmieniam\u201d. Skomentowa\u0142 aspekty zwi\u0105zane miksowaniem, stwierdzaj\u0105c: \u201eS\u0105 tam rzeczy dla ludzi, kt\u00f3rzy nie zwracaj\u0105 uwagi na tekst i po prostu chc\u0105 si\u0119 dobrze bawi\u0107, ale ka\u017cda linia tekstu jest tak skonstruowana, \u017ce ka\u017cdy ma tam co\u015b do pos\u0142uchania\u201d. Po wydaniu Young Sinatra: Undeniable, Logic zako\u0144czy\u0142 swoj\u0105 pierwsz\u0105 krajow\u0105 tras\u0119 koncertow\u0105, Visionary Music Group Tour.\n\n2012\u20132013: Young Sinatra: Welcome to Forever, Def Jam Recordings i trasy koncertowe \nNa pocz\u0105tku 2013 roku Logic pojawi\u0142 si\u0119 na ok\u0142adce XXL, jako cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 corocznej publikacji \u201eTop 10 Freshmen List\u201d, wraz z artystami: Travisem Scottem, Trinidadem Jamesem, Dizzy Wrightem, Actionem Bronsonem, Joeyem Badassem, Angel Haze\u2019em, Ab-Soulem, Chief Keefem, Kirko Bangzem i Schoolboyem Q. Logic uko\u0144czy\u0142 swoj\u0105 pierwsz\u0105 tras\u0119 po Europie w marcu 2013 r. i potwierdzi\u0142, \u017ce jego czwarty mixtape, Young Sinatra: Welcome to Forever, zostanie wydany 7 maja 2013 r. Zapowiedzia\u0142 swoj\u0105 drug\u0105, dwumiesi\u0119czn\u0105 krajow\u0105 tras\u0119 koncertow\u0105 Welcome to Forever Tour, promuj\u0105cy projekt. Mixtape odni\u00f3s\u0142 du\u017cy sukces, a krytycy chwalili projekt. Mixtape zosta\u0142 pobrany ponad 700 000 razy na DatPiff.\n\n15 kwietnia og\u0142oszono, \u017ce Logic podpisa\u0142 kontrakt z Def Jam Recordings, z producentem No I.D. pe\u0142ni funkcj\u0119 producenta wykonawczego jego debiutanckiego albumu. Logic wyda\u0142 publiczne o\u015bwiadczenie na ten temat: \u201eJestem podekscytowany podj\u0119ciem kolejnego kroku w mojej karierze - niesamowite jest to, \u017ce Def Jam i Visionary Music Group wsp\u00f3\u0142pracuj\u0105 ze sob\u0105, Mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 wsp\u00f3\u0142pracy jest bezcenna, jestem bardzo zadowolony, \u017ce staje si\u0119 cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 najbardziej kultowej wytw\u00f3rni hip-hopowej wszech czas\u00f3w\u201d. Logic odby\u0142 tras\u0119 koncertow\u0105 z Kid Cudim, Big Seanem oraz Tylerem.\n\n2013\u20132014: Under Pressure \n5 listopada Logic wyjawi\u0142, \u017ce, No I.D., by\u0142y producent GOOD Music Hit-Boy, 6ix i C-Sick b\u0119d\u0105 producentami na jego debiutanckim albumie, w tym No I.D. i 6ix pe\u0142ni\u0105cy rol\u0119 producent\u00f3w wykonawczych albumu. 27 stycznia 2014 roku Visionary Music Group wyda\u0142o utw\u00f3r \u201e24 Freestyle\u201d. Piosenka zosta\u0142a wydana z okazji urodzin Logica. 11 lutego Logic og\u0142osi\u0142, \u017ce b\u0119dzie koncertowa\u0142 wraz z zespo\u0142em Krewella, podczas 2014 Verge Campus Spring Tour. 8 kwietnia, Logic wyda\u0142 utw\u00f3r \u201eNow\u201d, kt\u00f3ry pierwotnie mia\u0142 pojawi\u0107 si\u0119 na jego nadchodz\u0105cej, bezp\u0142atnej EP-ce zatytu\u0142owanej When You Wait. Logic rozpocz\u0105\u0142 miesi\u0119czn\u0105 tras\u0119 \u201eWhen You Wait Tour\u201d wraz z cz\u0142onkiem Visionary Music Group, QuESt. 22 kwietnia, wyda\u0142 \u201eAlright\", trzeci\u0105 piosenk\u0119 z projektu While You Wait z go\u015bcinnym udzia\u0142em rapera Big Seana. Logic, wyda\u0142 \u201eFinding Forever\u201d 7 maja 2014 r.\n\nLatem 2014 r. Logic og\u0142osi\u0142, \u017ce na jego debiutanckim albumie nie pojawi\u0105 si\u0119 \u017cadni arty\u015bci, dzi\u0119ki czemu b\u0119dzie on \u201eosobisty i skupiony tylko na mnie\u201d. 27 sierpnia Logic wyda\u0142 \u201eDriving Ms. Daisy\u201d z udzia\u0142em Childish Gambino. We wrze\u015bniu pojawi\u0142y si\u0119 og\u0142oszenia o tytule i dacie wydania albumu. Utw\u00f3r tytu\u0142owy, s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cy jako g\u0142\u00f3wny singiel albumu, zosta\u0142 wydany 15 wrze\u015bnia. 14 pa\u017adziernika Logic wyda\u0142 drugi singiel zatytu\u0142owany \u201eBuried Alive\u201d. 21 pa\u017adziernika Logic wypu\u015bci\u0142 Under Pressure, sprzedaj\u0105c ponad 70 000 egzemplarzy w pierwszym tygodniu po debiucie na 2 miejscu listy Billboard Top Hip-Hop/R&B Chart.\n\n12 listopada Logic wyst\u0105pi\u0142 w The Tonight Show z udzia\u0142em Jimmy\u2019ego Fallona, wykonuj\u0105c \u201eI'm Gone\u201d.\n\n2015\u20132016: The Incredible True Story i Bobby Tarantino \n8 wrze\u015bnia Logic wyda\u0142 zwiastun nadchodz\u0105cego drugiego albumu, og\u0142aszaj\u0105c, \u017ce album uka\u017ce si\u0119 jesieni\u0105 2015 roku. Historia, kt\u00f3ra ma miejsce oko\u0142o roku 2100, zaczyna si\u0119 od tego, \u017ce Ziemia nie nadaje si\u0119 do zamieszkania z powodu powa\u017cnych zmian dokonanych przez cz\u0142owieka. Pierwotne postacie zaczynaj\u0105 podr\u00f3\u017cowa\u0107 na now\u0105 planet\u0119 zwan\u0105 \u201eParadise\u201d, a podczas podr\u00f3\u017cy graj\u0105 w The Incredible True Story. Do g\u0142\u00f3wnych bohater\u00f3w nale\u017c\u0105 Logic, Steven Blum (jako Thomas), Kevin Randolph (jako Kai) i Anna Elyse Palchikoff (jako Thalia), a obsada wzi\u0119\u0142a udzia\u0142 w New York Comic Con, promuj\u0105c tym samym album. Logic, Blum, Randolph i 6ix powr\u00f3cili do New York Comic Con w 2016 roku, aby om\u00f3wi\u0107 \u201e\u017cycie po The Incredible True Story\u201d.\n\n22 wrze\u015bnia 2015 r. Logic wyda\u0142 \u201eYoung Jesus\u201d, pierwszy singiel z tego albumu, z d\u0142ugoletnim przyjacielem Big Lenbo. \u201eLike Woah\u201d i \u201eFade Away\u201d, drugi i trzeci singiel z albumu, ukaza\u0142y si\u0119 kolejno 14 pa\u017adziernika i 5 listopada. The Incredible True Story zosta\u0142 wydany 13 listopada 2015 roku, debiutuj\u0105c na 3 miejscu na Billboard 200, z \u0142\u0105czn\u0105 sprzeda\u017c\u0105 135 000 w pierwszym tygodniu. P\u0142yta znalaz\u0142a si\u0119 na szczycie listy Billboard Top Hip-Hop/R&B Chart. By\u0142 to r\u00f3wnie\u017c drugi komercyjny projekt Logica, kt\u00f3ry zyska\u0142 szerokie uznanie krytyk\u00f3w. Logic og\u0142osi\u0142 The Incredible World Tour, kt\u00f3ra odby\u0142a si\u0119 wiosn\u0105 2016 roku. Po zako\u0144czeniu The Incredible World Tour ujawniona zosta\u0142a informacja, \u017ce Logic i raper G-Eazy b\u0119d\u0105 wsp\u00f3\u0142prowadz\u0105cymi The Endless Summer Tour latem 2016 a raperzy YG i Yo Gotti b\u0119d\u0105 wspieraj\u0105cymi tras\u0119. Dwa tygodnie przed rozpocz\u0119ciem trasy, Logic wyda\u0142 \u201eFlexicution\u201d, piosenk\u0119, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zapowiada\u0142 w mediach spo\u0142eczno\u015bciowych od miesi\u0119cy.\n\n1 lipca 2016 r. Logic wypu\u015bci\u0142 mixtape zatytu\u0142owany Bobby Tarantino. To sz\u00f3sty mixtape Logica od czasu Young Sinatra: Welcome to Forever, z 2013 roku, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 wydany niespodziewanie za po\u015brednictwem konta Twittera Logica. Na mixtape'ie znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 single \u201eFlexicution\u201d (kt\u00f3ry sta\u0142 si\u0119 jego pierwszym singlem, kt\u00f3ry znalaz\u0142 si\u0119 na Billboard Hot 100) oraz \u201eWrist\u201d z go\u015bcinnym udzia\u0142em Pusha T, a za produkcj\u0119 odpowiadaj\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wnie Logic i 6ix. 3 pa\u017adziernika 2016 roku Logic ujawni\u0142 tytu\u0142 swojego trzeciego albumu studyjnego, kt\u00f3ry brzmia\u0142 AfricAryaN.\n\n2017-2018: Everybody, Bobby Tarantino II i YSIV \n29 marca 2017 roku Logic ujawni\u0142 nowy tytu\u0142 swojego albumu zatytu\u0142owanego Everybody. Wiadomo\u015b\u0107 o jego trzecim albumie zosta\u0142a udost\u0119pniona w jego mediach spo\u0142eczno\u015bciowych, wraz z oficjaln\u0105 ok\u0142adk\u0105 albumu zaprojektowan\u0105 przez Sam Spratt. Album zosta\u0142 wydany 5 maja 2017 r. W wywiadzie dla Genius Logic powiedzia\u0142, \u017ce jego czwarty album b\u0119dzie prawdopodobnie jego ostatnim.\n\nEverybody zadebiutowa\u0142 na 1 miejscu listy Billboard 200 \u0142\u0105cznie ze sprzeda\u017c\u0105 247 000 egzemplarzy albumu w pierwszym tygodniu. W drugim tygodniu, zaledwie w 8 000 kopii. Singiel \u201e1-800-273-8255\u201d, uzyska\u0142 certyfikat potr\u00f3jnej platyny od RIAA. W sierpniu 2017 roku Logic wyst\u0105pi\u0142 w animowanym serialu komediowym Rick and Morty, wyst\u0119puj\u0105c jako g\u0142\u00f3wny bohater festiwalu. W listopadzie 2017 roku Logic wyda\u0142 piosenk\u0119 \u201eBroken People\u201d jako cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 \u015bcie\u017cki d\u017awi\u0119kowej do filmu Bright.\n\n23 lutego 2018 roku Logic wyda\u0142 singiel \u201e44 More\u201d. By\u0142a to kontynuacja piosenki \u201e44 Bars\u201d z mixtape'u Bobby Tarantino. Utw\u00f3r uplasowa\u0142 si\u0119 na 22 miejscu Billboard Hot 100. Kolejny singiel, \u201eOvernight\u201d, zosta\u0142 wydany cztery dni p\u00f3\u017aniej. 2 marca wypu\u015bci\u0142 kolejny singiel \u201eEveryday\u201d, przy wsp\u00f3\u0142pracy z producentem muzycznym Marshmello. 7 marca wyda\u0142 film, promuj\u0105cy jego sz\u00f3sty mixtape Bobby Tarantino II, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 wydany dwa dni p\u00f3\u017aniej, za po\u015brednictwem Def Jam i Visionary Music Group. Na mixtape'ie wyst\u0105pili go\u015bcinnie 2 Chainz, Big Sean, Wiz Khalifa. 30 marca wyst\u0105pi\u0142 w pierwszym odcinku oryginalnego serialu dokumentalnego Netflixa, Rapture.\n\n28 wrze\u015bnia 2018 roku Logic wyda\u0142 sw\u00f3j czwarty album studyjny zatytu\u0142owany YSIV. Przed wydaniem projektu Logic wyda\u0142 trzy single: \u201eOne Day\u201d z udzia\u0142em Ryana Teddera, \u201eThe Return\u201d i \u201eEverybody Dies\u201d. Na p\u0142ycie znajduje si\u0119 utw\u00f3r \u201eWu Tang Forever\u201d, na kt\u00f3rym znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 wszyscy \u017cyj\u0105cy cz\u0142onkowie Wu Tang Clan. Logic og\u0142osi\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c album Ultra 85, kt\u00f3ry obecnie nie ma daty premiery. Zapowiedzia\u0142 tak\u017ce, \u017ce napisa\u0142 nowel\u0119 zatytu\u0142owan\u0105 Supermarket. Planuje te\u017c zagra\u0107 we w\u0142asnym filmie, nad kt\u00f3rym zacz\u0105\u0142 pracowa\u0107.\n\n2019-2020: Confessions of a Dangerous Mind, debiutancka ksi\u0105\u017cka i No Pressure \nNa pocz\u0105tku 2019 roku Logic wyda\u0142 utw\u00f3r \u201eKeanu Reeves\u201d, a 22 marca \u201eConfessions of a Dangerous Mind\u201d. Jego debiutancka ksi\u0105\u017cka Supermarket, ukaza\u0142a si\u0119 26 marca 2019 r. wraz z oficjaln\u0105 \u015bcie\u017ck\u0105 d\u017awi\u0119kow\u0105 o tej samej nazwie. 3 maja, Logic udost\u0119pni\u0142 kolejny utw\u00f3r z tej p\u0142yty, \u201eHomicide\u201d w kt\u00f3rym go\u015bcinnie wyst\u0105pi\u0142 Eminem. Confessions of a Dangerous Mind zosta\u0142 wydany 10 maja i zaj\u0105\u0142 pierwsze miejsce na li\u015bcie Billboard 200.\n\n16 lipca 2020, Logic poprzez swoje media spo\u0142eczno\u015bciowe poinformowa\u0142, \u017ce 24 lipca wyda album No Pressure, kt\u00f3ry b\u0119dzie jego ostatnim albumem w jego muzycznej karierze.\n\n\u017bycie prywatne \nAby Logic m\u00f3g\u0142 dostatecznie po\u015bwi\u0119ci\u0107 si\u0119 muzyce, zako\u0144czy\u0142 pi\u0119cioletni zwi\u0105zek w 2009 roku. Nast\u0119pnie stwierdzi\u0142: \u201eMo\u017cesz umie\u015bci\u0107 wszystko w zwi\u0105zku, ale to nie znaczy, \u017ce dostaniesz to wszytko z powrotem. Kiedy stworzy\u0142em sw\u00f3j pierwszy mixtape, zda\u0142em sobie spraw\u0119, \u017ce wszystko, co w\u0142o\u017cy\u0142em w ten projekt \u2013 godziny pisania tekstu, sp\u0119dzony czas, b\u00f3l, pot, krew, \u0142zy \u2013 to odzyska\u0142em. Chodzi o to, \u017ce czuj\u0119 si\u0119 tak jak wielu artyst\u00f3w, no mo\u017ce nie do ko\u0144ca artyst\u00f3w, ale wiele ludzi my\u015bli, \u017ce mog\u0105 ot tak rapowa\u0107. Nie rozumiej\u0105, \u017ce wszystko, co robi\u0119 i chc\u0119 robi\u0107, to rymowanie... My\u015bl\u0119, \u017ce dos\u0142ownie po\u015bwi\u0119ci\u0142em ca\u0142e swoje \u017cycie dla relacji z moimi przyjaci\u00f3\u0142mi i rodzin\u0105\u201d.\n\n22 pa\u017adziernika 2015 r. Logic po\u015blubi\u0142 swoj\u0105 dziewczyn\u0119 Jessic\u0119 Andre\u0119, kt\u00f3r\u0105 pozna\u0142 dwa lata wcze\u015bniej. 20 marca 2018 roku og\u0142osi\u0142, \u017ce po dw\u00f3ch latach ma\u0142\u017ce\u0144stwa on i Andrea oficjalnie s\u0105 w separacji. Raper z\u0142o\u017cy\u0142 wniosek o rozw\u00f3d 19 kwietnia 2018 r. Mimo rozwodu, pozostali przyjaci\u00f3\u0142mi.\n\nLogic w jednym z wywiad\u00f3w powiedzia\u0142: \u201ePodczas dorastania by\u0142em g\u0142upi: \u201eNie pij\u0119 i nie pal\u0119. Kiedy by\u0142em m\u0142odszy, pali\u0142em. Mo\u017ce wypij\u0119 kieliszek szampana od czasu do czasu\u201d. Logic mia\u0142 powa\u017cne uzale\u017cnienie od papieros\u00f3w, o czym m\u00f3wi w utworze \u201eNikki\u201d z albumu Under Pressure. Zobowi\u0105za\u0142 si\u0119 nie wypali\u0107 \u017cadnego papierosa, po wydaniu tego albumu.\n\nLogic ma tak\u017ce kana\u0142 YouTube, na kt\u00f3rym publikuje filmy o swoich ulubionych grach wideo.\n\nWp\u0142ywy \nLogic m\u00f3wi, \u017ce Frank Sinatra jest jego g\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 inspiracj\u0105. Sam siebie nazywa \u201eYoung Sinatra\u201d. Kiedy by\u0142 jeszcze dzieckiem, jego matka kaza\u0142a mu ogl\u0105da\u0107 stare, czarno-bia\u0142e filmy, kt\u00f3re ukszta\u0142towa\u0142y jego mi\u0142o\u015b\u0107 do piosenkarza. Logic opisuje Sinatr\u0119 jako wa\u017cn\u0105 dla niego osob\u0119 i cz\u0142owieka, kt\u00f3ry \u201epokaza\u0142 pok\u00f3j, mi\u0142o\u015b\u0107, \u0142ask\u0119, pozytywno\u015b\u0107, honor i m\u0119stwo\u201d.\n\nLogic m\u00f3wi r\u00f3wnie\u017c o innych muzykach, kt\u00f3rzy mieli wp\u0142yw na jego muzyk\u0119, m.in. A Tribe Called Quest, Mos Def, Outkast, Red Hot Chili Peppers, J. Cole, Drake, a tak\u017ce filmy Quentina Tarantino. M\u00f3wi\u0105c o muzyce w wywiadzie przeprowadzonym pod koniec 2013 roku, Logic stwierdzi\u0142: \u201eUwielbiam wszystkie podgatunki hip-hopu i wszystkich gatunk\u00f3w muzyki i my\u015bl\u0119, \u017ce to w\u0142a\u015bnie pozwala mi tworzy\u0107 muzyk\u0119\".\n\nBadania opublikowane w presti\u017cowym brytyjskim czasopi\u015bmie naukowym British Medical Journal wykaza\u0142y, \u017ce po ukazaniu si\u0119 utworu \"1-800-273-8255\" liczba telefon\u00f3w na tytu\u0142ow\u0105 lini\u0119 wzros\u0142a o niemal 10 tys. S\u0105 te\u017c dowody, \u017ce spad\u0142a liczba samob\u00f3jstw w USA.\n\nDyskografia\n\nAlbumy studyjne \n Under Pressure (2014)\n The Incredible True Story (2015)\n Everybody (2017)\n YSIV (2018)\n Confessions of a Dangerous Mind (2019)\n No Pressure (2020)\n Vinyl Days (2022)\n\nMixtape'y \n Logic: The Mixtape (w\u00f3wczas pod pseudonimem \u201ePsychological\u201d; 2009)\n Young, Broke & Infamous (2010)\n Young Sinatra (2011)\n Young Sinatra: Undeniable (2012)\n Young Sinatra: Welcome to Forever (2013)\n Bobby Tarantino (2016)\n Bobby Tarantino II (2018)\n Bobby Tarantino III (2021)\n\nSoundtracki \n Supermarket Soundtrack (2019)\n\nUwagi\n\nPrzypisy \n\nUrodzeni w 1990\nAmeryka\u0144scy raperzy", "meta": {"title": "Logic", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\"Ropa Sucia\" es una canci\u00f3n escrita por el Indio Solari junto a Skay Beilinson e interpretada por su banda,  Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota. Fue grabada para su \u00e1lbum \u00a1Bang! \u00a1Bang!, \u00a1Est\u00e1s Liquidado!, lanzado en 1989 bajo el sello discogr\u00e1fico \"Del Cielito\". Este tema no fue lanzado como sencillo, pero se destaca claramente en el disco y es uno de los m\u00e1s emblem\u00e1ticos de la banda.\n\nV\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n \n M\u00fasica de Estados Unidos\n\nCanciones de Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota\nCanciones de Argentina\nCanciones de rock de Argentina\nCanciones en espa\u00f1ol", "meta": {"title": "Ropa sucia", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa%20sucia", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Thuranthos \u00e9 um g\u00e9nero bot\u00e2nico pertencente \u00e0 fam\u00edlia  Asparagaceae.\n\nEsp\u00e9cies\n\nScilloideae\nG\u00e9neros de plantas", "meta": {"title": "Thuranthos", "url": "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuranthos", "language": "pt", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Fountainville is an unincorporated community located in Macon County, Georgia, United States.\n\nReferences\n\nUnincorporated communities in Macon County, Georgia\nUnincorporated communities in Georgia (U.S. state)", "meta": {"title": "Fountainville, Georgia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountainville%2C%20Georgia", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Grano\u015b\u0107 \u2013 \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o w po\u0142udniowej cz\u0119\u015bci Rudawy w powiecie krakowskim. Znajduje si\u0119 w Rowie Krzeszowickim pod g\u00f3r\u0105 Che\u0142m na terenie Tenczy\u0144skiego Parku Krajobrazowego (tu\u017c przy jego p\u00f3\u0142nocnej granicy).\n\nMaksymalna wydajno\u015b\u0107 \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a wynosi 650 m\u00b3 na dob\u0119. W latach 90. XX w. wod\u0119 ze \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a pod\u0142\u0105czono do wodoci\u0105gu wiejskiego (zaopatruj\u0105cego wsie: Rudawa, Kochan\u00f3w, M\u0142ynka, Niegoszowice i Pisary), po\u0142\u0105czonego ze studni\u0105 g\u0142\u0119binow\u0105 i zbiornikiem o pojemno\u015bci 2 x 500 m\u00b3. Wyp\u0142ywaj\u0105cy ze \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a potok (ko\u0142o parkingu przy drodze krajowej 79) po ok. 150 m wp\u0142ywa do rzeki Rudawy.\n\nBibliografia \n \n Zmiana Studium uwarunkowa\u0144 i kierunk\u00f3w zagospodarowania przestrzennego gminy Zabierz\u00f3w, 2007, s. 101\n\nSie\u0107 wodna Wy\u017cyny Krakowsko-Cz\u0119stochowskiej\nDorzecze Rudawy", "meta": {"title": "Grano\u015b\u0107", "url": "https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grano%C5%9B%C4%87", "language": "pl", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "\u0422\u0438\u0458\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0459\u0430 () \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u043d \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e \u0422\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043a. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434 1725 \u043c.\n\n\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \n\n\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 2010. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0443 \u0458\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e 16 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\n\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430\n\n\u041f\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\n\n\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u0458\u043e\u0448  \n \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0430\n\n\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0435\n\n\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0459\u0430\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435 \n\n \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u043d \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e \u0422\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043a (\u0418\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e)\n\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0458\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430/\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0459\u0430 \u0443 \u041c\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043a\u0443", "meta": {"title": "\u0422\u0438\u0458\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0459\u0430 (\u0421\u0430\u043d \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e \u0422\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043a)", "url": "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%20%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%99%D0%B0%20%28%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%20%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%20%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%29", "language": "sr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Alfonso Alexander Hern\u00e1ndez (25 de noviembre de 1911 - 17 de marzo de 2003) fue un m\u00e9dico veterinario mexicano. Varios pabellones quir\u00fargicos en M\u00e9xico llevan su nombre a manera de homenaje: el de la Primera Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia del estado de Zacatecas y -por ser fundador de la ense\u00f1anza quir\u00fargica moderna- el pabell\u00f3n de cirug\u00eda de la Facultad de Medicina Veterninaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico.\n\nHistoria \nNaci\u00f3 en la ciudad de Quer\u00e9taro, M\u00e9xico. En 1931 ingres\u00f3 a la Escuela M\u00e9dico Militar Veterinaria para formarse como profesional. Termin\u00f3 la carrera en la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, en 1936 con la tesis: Contribuci\u00f3n al estudio del derriengue en M\u00e9xico (rabia paral\u00edtica en bovinos) donde, por primera vez en el mundo se demostr\u00f3 que el agente etiol\u00f3gico de la enfermedad era el mismo virus de la rabia.\n\nIngres\u00f3 como maestro a la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia en 1945, donde modific\u00f3 el desarrollo de la ense\u00f1anza quir\u00fargica al separar las c\u00e1tedras de T\u00e9cnica y Terap\u00e9utica; modelo que fue implementado despu\u00e9s en la mayor\u00eda de las escuelas de medicina veterinaria de la \u00e9poca.\n\nTras 125 a\u00f1os de la profesi\u00f3n, en M\u00e9xico, fue el primero en escribir un libro sobre t\u00e9cnica quir\u00fargica en animales el cual lleg\u00f3 a su sexta edici\u00f3n en 1986. Amante de la cirug\u00eda como era, ten\u00eda una especializaci\u00f3n en Salud p\u00fablica por la Universidad de M\u00edchigan, Estados Unidos (1943) y otra en Cirug\u00eda, zootecnia e industria animal por la misma universidad (1944).\n\nAlfonso Alexander Hern\u00e1ndez luch\u00f3 incansablemente por dar a su profesi\u00f3n el lugar que le corresponde. En 1945, logr\u00f3 que se agregara la palabra Zootecnista al t\u00edtulo de M\u00e9dico Veterinario, hecho que fundament\u00f3 en su conferencia magistral An\u00e1lisis y autocr\u00edtica de la profesi\u00f3n cuya \u00faltima edici\u00f3n se public\u00f3 en 1985. En 1969, escribi\u00f3 el primer Juramento Profesional de la carrera que fue aprobado por el H. Consejo T\u00e9cnico de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria.\n\nEn la UNAM fue profesor numerario, por oposici\u00f3n, de las c\u00e1tedras: T\u00e9cnica quir\u00fargica, Terap\u00e9utica quir\u00fargica y Zootecnia de c\u00e1nidos y peque\u00f1as especies, materia que fund\u00f3 en 1956. Fue Jefe de cirug\u00eda (1946-1971)y Consejero Universitario Propietario (1966-1970). Fund\u00f3 el primer ejido ganadero productor de leche El retablo (1963), tras convencer a los ejidatarios de transformar sus cultivos agr\u00edcolas en productos de valor comercial como la leche. Logr\u00f3 aumentar la superficie de cultivo de plantas forrajeras y seleccion\u00f3 el ganado. El modelo tuvo tanto \u00e9xito que fue replicado en diversas regiones del pa\u00eds. Fue, adem\u00e1s, escenario de innumerables c\u00e1tedras sobre bovinos.\n\nActivista y amante incansable de su profesi\u00f3n, maestro dedicado, transformador de conciencias, a 100 a\u00f1os de su nacimiento Alfonso Alexander Hern\u00e1ndez se ha ganado un espacio en la historia de la Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de M\u00e9xico.\n\nReferencias \n\nSociedad Mexicana de Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM; Asociaci\u00f3n Mexicana de M\u00e9dicos Veterinarios Zootecnistas Especialistas en Peque\u00f1as Especies.\n\nEnlaces externos \n  \n\nVeterinarios de M\u00e9xico\nAlumnado de la Universidad de M\u00edchigan\nProfesores de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico", "meta": {"title": "Alfonso Alexander Hern\u00e1ndez", "url": "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso%20Alexander%20Hern%C3%A1ndez", "language": "es", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
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\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0437\u043c (\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f), \u0449\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044e \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443 1860 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0457\u043d.\n\n\u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430 21 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u044e \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u00bb \u043d\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0456 (Reise der \u00f6sterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde) (1861\u20141876). \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0456, \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438 1-3, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0441\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043b \u0444\u043e\u043d \u0428\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0440. \u041f\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0436 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435, \u00ab\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u00bb \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443.\n\n\u0423 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f\u0445 XIX \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0491\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0442\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e-\u0423\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u041d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456.\n\n\u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \n \u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: (Karl von Scherzer, anonym) Reise der Oesterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde, in den Jahren 1857\u20141859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von W\u00fcllersstorf-Urbair. 3 B\u00e4nde. Wien, 1861, 1862.\n \u0413\u0456\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0439 \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: Geographische Ortsbestimmungen und Flutbeobachtungen.- Magnetische Beobachtungen. 1 Band. Wien 1862-65\n \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: 2 B\u00e4nde. Wien 1864, 1865 (2. verb. Aufl. in 1 Bd. Leipzig, Wien, Brockhaus 1867)\n \u0417\u043e\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: 6 B\u00e4nde\n 1. Band: Wirbeltiere: Johann Zelebor, S\u00e4ugethiere; August von Pelzeln, V\u00f6gel; Franz Steindachner, Reptilien; F. Steindachner, Amphibien; Rudolf Kner, Fische. Wien 1867\u20141869\n 2. Band: Entomologie. Ludwig Redtenbacher, Coleopteren; Henri de Saussure, Hymenoptera; Gustav Mayr, Formicidae ; Friedrich Moritz Brauer, Neuropteren. Wien 1868\n 3. Band: Ignaz Rudolph Schiner, Diptera; G. L. Mayr, Hemiptera. Wien 1868\n 4. Band: Camill Heller|, Crustaceen; E. Grube, Anneliden; Georg von Frauenfeld, Mollusken.\n 5. Band: Cajetan Felder, Rhopalocera.\n 6. Band: C. Felder, Lepidoptera.\n \u0411\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: 1. Band (mehr nicht erschienen): Sporenpflanzen: Albert Grunow, Algae; A. von Krempelhuber, Lichenes; H. W. Reichardt, Fungi, Hepaticae et Musci Frondosi; Georg Heinrich Mettenius, Cryptogamae Vasculares; Julius Milde, Ophioglosseae und Equisetaceae. Wien 1870\n \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: 1. Band (mehr nicht erschienen) v. Eduard Schwarz, Wien 1861\n \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: 3 B\u00e4nde\n 1. Band: E. Zuckerkandl, Cranien. Wien 1875\n 2. Band: A. Weisbach, K\u00f6rpermessungen. Wien 1867\n 3. Band: Friedrich M\u00fcller: Ethnographie. Wien 1868\n \u041b\u0456\u043d\u0433\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: 1 Band. Friedrich M\u00fcller, Wien 1867.\n \u0413\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430: 2 B\u00e4nde.\n 1. Band: Geologischer Teil. Ferdinand von Hochstetter. Wien 1864\n 2. Band Pal\u00e4ontologischer Teil herausgegeben von F. von Hochstetter, Moritz H\u00f6rnes and Franz Ritter von Hauer. Wien 1865\n\n\u041f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u00ab\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u00bb \u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0419\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0444\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457.\n\n\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \n Friedrich Wallisch: Sein Schiff hie\u00df Novara. Bernhard von W\u00fcllerstorf-Urbair, Admiral und Minister. Herold, Wien 1966.\n Karl von Scherzer: Die Weltumseglung der \u00abNovara\u00bb 1857-59. Herausgegeben, bearbeitet und kommentiert von G\u00fcnter Treffer. Molden, Wien u. a. 1973, ISBN 3-217-00543-0.\n Renate Basch-Ritter: Die Weltumsegelung der Novara 1857\u20141859. \u00d6sterreich auf allen Meeren. Akademische Druck- und Verlags-Anstalt, Graz 2008, ISBN 978-3-201-01904-0.\n David G. L. Weiss, Gerd Schilddorfer: Novara\u00a0\u2014 \u00d6sterreichs Traum von der Weltmacht. Amalthea, Wien 2010, ISBN 978-3-85002-705-2.\n S. Rachewiltz, C. Kraus, V. Romen (Hrsg.): S.M.S. Novara. Der freie weite Horizont. Die Weltumseglung der Novara und Maximilians mexikanischer Traum. S\u00fcdtiroler Landesmuseum Schlo\u00df Tirol, Meran 2004, (\u0412\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044e \u0417\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043a \u0422\u0456\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c 10 \u043b\u0438\u043f\u043d\u044f\u00a0\u2014 14 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 2004).\n Johann Wagner: \u00d6sterreichische Kolonialversuche in der zweiten H\u00e4lfte des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts. Wien 1955, (Universit\u00e4t Wien, phil Diss.).\n Alexander Randa: \u00d6sterreich in \u00dcbersee. Herold-Verlag, Wien u. a. 1966.\n Christa Riedl-Dorn: Das Haus der Wunder. Zur Geschichte des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Holzhausen, Wien 1998, ISBN 3-900518-91-2.\n\u041d\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0456\n\u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457\n\u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0457\n\u0426\u0456\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e-\u0423\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0438 (\u041a\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0456\u043d\u0435)\n1857 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0446\u0456", "meta": {"title": "\u0415\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u044f \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438", "url": "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F%20%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8", "language": "uk", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Crkva sv. Obitelji rimokatoli\u010dka je crkva u Solinu.\n\nPovijest \n\nDugo se htjelo sagraditi ovu crkvu. \u017dupne potrebe bile su velike. \u017dupa Gospe od Otoka je 2000-ih do\u0161la do oko 12 000 vjernika, a postoje\u0107a je crkva imala samo 200 \u010detvornih metara. Svakog je dana na vjeronauk dolazilo vi\u0161e od 1000 djece iz osnovne \u0161kole i oko 500 srednjo\u0161kolaca za koje nije bilo potrebnih uvjeta za \u017eupne kateheze te su se \u010desto koristili drugi prostori i u pomo\u0107 im je \u010desto pomagao Grad Solin. Zauzeto\u0161\u0107u nadbiskupa Marina Bari\u0161i\u0107a zamisao o gradnji nove crkve 2009. godine prenesena je u projekt, a 2013. godine u gradnju. U petak 4. listopada 2013. splitsko-makarski nadbiskup mons. Marin Bari\u0161i\u0107 blagoslovio je gradili\u0161te i po\u010detak radova nove crkve u Gospinom prasveti\u0161tu u Solinu. Crkva se gradi na mjestu nekada\u0161njeg parkirali\u0161ta izme\u0111u Starog groblja i Doma kulture Zvonimir. Za novu crkvu Splitsko-makarska nadbiskupija zatra\u017eila je od pape status bazilike, a u vjerni\u010dkom puku ve\u0107 je za\u017eivio naziv bazilike. Crkva je posve\u0107ena prvog dana trodnevnice Maloj Gospi, u subotu 5. rujna 2020. godine. Crkvu je posvetio splitsko-makarski nadbiskup Marin Bari\u0161i\u0107. Dana 16. rujna 2020. u crkvi je zare\u0111en za biskupa msgr. Ante Jozi\u0107, naslovni nadbiskup Cisse i imenovani papinski nuncij u Bjelorusiji.\n\nOsobine \nCrkva se gradi po idejnom rje\u0161enju arhitekta Viktora Vre\u010dka. Projekt \u010dine dvije gra\u0111evine: crkva i pastoralni centar. U prosjeku su 45 m duge i 34 m \u0161iroke. Bruto povr\u0161ina crkve je 1100 \u010detvornih metara sa 650 sjede\u0107ih mjesta. Imat \u0107e \u0161est ulaza te glavni na jugozapadu i tri sakristije. Crkva je oblo\u017eena kamenom kao i dvori\u0161te. Uporabljeni kamen je bra\u010dki avorio i veselje te trogirski plano. Tijekom kolovoza 2020., uo\u010di posvete, sadi se bilje i stabla oko kompleksa.\n\nPastoralni centar zadovoljit \u0107e potrebe \u017eupne kateheze ove velike \u017eupe. Mise \u0107e se tijekom tjedna odr\u017eavati u staroj crkvi, a a nedjeljna i blagdanska te sve ve\u0107e vjerske doga\u0111aje u ovoj crkvi svete Obitelji.\n\nSve u crkvi prepuno simbolike, po\u010dev\u0161i od njezina smje\u0161taja. Mjesto gradnje, Gospin otok uz Jadro (Solinsku riku) izabrano je jer su u na tom mjestu doseljeni Hrvati primili kr\u0161tenje, pa se i naziva hrvatskim Jordanom.\n\nPortal crkve je visok petnaest metara, \u0161irok pet. U podno\u017eju su velike vratnice i sve je od kovine. Prekrivene su zrakama koje ozna\u010davaju darove Duha Svetoga. \n\nOltar je 8 tona te\u017eak monolit od bra\u010dkog kamena \"sv. Petar\". Sprijeda je kri\u017e s ugra\u0111enom relikvijom sv. Dujma. Gledano sprijeda to\u010dno iznad relikvije je rana na Kristovu boku, kri\u017e oko Isusove glave i kale\u017e spasenja, sve u crvenoj boji. Svetohrani\u0161te je zami\u0161ljeno kao stup spasenja i nalazi se lijevo. Krstionica je desno, osmerokutna oblika i podsje\u0107a na Vi\u0161eslavovu krstionicu, ali i na splitsku katedralu.\n\nZidove prekrivaju prostrane mozaici i freske koje je osmislio isusovac p. Marko Rupnik, jedan od najpoznatijih svjetskih sakralnih umjetnika. Sa svojom 27-\u010dlanom ekipom iz svoga Centra Alettija ukra\u0161avali su tjednima zidove. U sredi\u0161tu mozaika je Isus Krist Pantokrator. Sa strane su Bla\u017eena Djevica Marija i sv. Ivan Krstitelj. Oko njih su sv. Josip, sv. Petar i sv. Pavao, evan\u0111elisti Matej, Marko, Luka i Ivan, salonitanski mu\u010denici i splitski za\u0161titnici sv. Dujam i sv. Sta\u0161, sv. Jeronim Dalmatinac, sv. Lucija, sv. Cecilija, sv. Ivan Zlatousti, sv. Grgur Nazijanski, sv. Frane Asi\u0161ki, sv. Klara, sv. Terezija \u2013 Benedikta od Kri\u017ea, sv. Ivan Pavao II., sv. Majka Tereza, sv. Nikola Taveli\u0107, sv. Marko Kri\u017eev\u010danin, sv. Leopold Mandi\u0107, bl. Ozana Kotorska, bl. Marija Propetog Isusa Petkovi\u0107 i bl. Ivan Merz. Na mozaiku je u nadbiskupski palij sv. Dujma ugra\u0111en je kamen\u010di\u0107 s bazilike na Manastirinama gdje je bio njegov grob i jo\u0161 jedan sa salonitanskog baptisterija. U reljefu s desne strane je lik bl. Alojzija Stepinca, s relikvijom njegova tijela i kardinalskog solidea (kapice) koju je kardinal Franjo Kuhari\u0107 poklonio solinskoj \u017eupi 1976. godine.\n\nFreske na zidovima su u toplim tonovima i plavoj boji. Prikazuju povijest spasenja i gusto su naredanih biblijskih motiva. Izbor svetaca oko op\u0107e kr\u0161\u0107anskih predstavlja op\u0107u, hrvatsku i lokalnu, dalmatinsku Crkvu. Dalmaciju predstavlja bukarica kao svojevrsni kale\u017e. Prostor od orgulja je iznad ulaznih vrata i na bo\u010dnom zidu. Kripta crkve je ispod oltara. Okrugla je i pripremljenih ni\u0161a za grobove splitskih nadbiskup\u00e2.\n\nIzvori\n\nVanjske poveznice \n\nBazilike u Hrvatskoj\nGra\u0111evine u Solinu", "meta": {"title": "Bazilika sv. Obitelji u Solinu", "url": "https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazilika%20sv.%20Obitelji%20u%20Solinu", "language": "hr", "timestamp": "20230320"}}
{"text": "Miranpur is a village in Sultanpur Lodhi tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab, India. It is located  from the city of Sultanpur Lodhi,  away from district headquarter Kapurthala.  The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per the constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).\n\nReferences\n\nList of cities near the village \nBhulath\nKapurthala \nPhagwara \nSultanpur Lodhi\n\nAir travel connectivity \nThe closest International airport to the village is Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport.\n\nExternal links\n Villages in Kapurthala\n List of Villages in Kapurthala Tehsil\n\nVillages in Kapurthala district", "meta": {"title": "Miranpur, Sultanpur Lodhi", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranpur%2C%20Sultanpur%20Lodhi", "language": "en", "timestamp": "20230320"}}