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B I O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O B B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O


5 Properties of Zero April 11 2013 I spend a disproportionate amount of time thinking about the GMAT Its a very interesting exam that can be thought of from multiple angles Most people see it as an obstacle to be surmounted in an effort to get into the business school of their choice Some people see it as an unfortunate barrier to their future plans Personally I like to think of it as an opportunity to test your reasoning skills against an unseen test maker who you can think of as the Wizard Oz from the namesake movie Your goal is to stay one step ahead of In this metaphor youre the protagonist trying to avoid pitfalls and maximize your score but these pitfalls come in predictable and recurring ways to try and trap you It is important to note that predictable does not mean easy only that you can expect it to happen ie if you mess with John McClane you know youll die hardharderwith a vengeance not that youll necessarily be able to stop him Some traps are therefore completely predictable and you can expect to see instances of them on questions in every GMAT youre likely to ever take At the risk of mixing metaphors I have been contemplating the idea of the GMAT as a videogame specifically a platformer like the original Mario Bros franchise The GMAT has all the hallmarks of a great game a likable protagonist you a looming antagonist the GMAC puzzles and obstacles to overcome Reading Comprehension Data Sufficiency etc and helpful friends along the way Veritas including yours truly as Yoshi If the GMAT were a game the last boss would undoubtedly be the number zero No other concept on the GMAT traps students more than forgetting about the possibility of zero The number zero can be used in myriad ways to mess up students and change seemingly innocuous questions into headscratchers so lets review some of the basic properties of zero 1 Zero is even not odd not neutral 2 Zero is neither positive nor negative the only number with this property 3 Zero is an integer and must be considered when question limits choices to integers 4 Zero is a multiple of all numbers x0 0 so a multiple of any x 5 Zero is not a prime number neither is 1 smallest prime number is 2 6 Zero is neither black nor red pertains to roulette only There are actually dozens of questions that I could use to illustrate the zero trap but I figured Id go with the shortest GMAT question I have ever seen clocking in at a whopping 35 characters including spacing but excluding answer choices and can thus be tweeted 4 times in a single message Is xy 0 y 2 x is an integer A Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient but statement 2 alone is not sufficient to answer the question asked B Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient but statement 1 alone is not sufficient to answer the question asked C Both statements 1 and 2 TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question asked but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient D EACH statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question asked E Statements 1 and 2 TOGETHER are NOT sufficient to answer the question asked and additional data specific to the problem are needed Now there are other properties of zero but the first five listed are the most commonly tested on the GMAT number 6 is most often tested after the GMAT in Vegas Keep these in mind and you should be able to answer most GMAT questions without falling into traps On this specific data sufficiency question the question is asking us if xy is positive with no restrictions whatsoever on the values of x or y Will either of the two statements be sufficient To answer this lets look at each statement a little closer Statement 1 tells you that y 2 in other words whatever X is will be multiplied by itself exactly once Does this guarantee that X2 is positive The answer is almost Any positive number squared will remain positive and any negative number squared will also give a positive number As such almost any number you can think of will be squared when positive be it 2 05 or 37 The only number that will buck that trend is zero Zero x zero zero 02 0 We just said zero isnt positive or negative so this equation holds for all the Statement 2 is much more straight forward It only limits the value of x to an integer This is clearly insufficient if only because it still allows for zero as a value for x Moreover it also allows for all kinds of options such as negative xs and multiple ys Example 22 is positive 4 and 23 is negative 8 Statement 2 is insufficient on its own Furthermore statement 1 already accounted for any value of x that was not zero so combining these two statements does not solve this problem any further The correct answer is E What is interesting to note about this question is how close the answer is to being A Had we only managed to discount the number zero somehow ie if the question had asked 0 or if wed been using Roman numerals statement 1 would have been sufficient on its own However much like the Romans discovered when you forget to account for the number zero your system may be usurped by a more complete system and your GMAT score or empire might fall Plan on taking the GMAT soon We have GMAT prep courses starting all the time And be sure to find us on Facebook and and follow us on Twitter Ron Awad is a GMAT instructor for Veritas Prep based in Montreal bringing you occasional tips and tricks for success on your exam After graduating from McGill and receiving his MBA from Concordia Ron started teaching GMAT prep and his Veritas Prep students have given him rave reviews ever since GMAT GMAT Tips

O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Existing user Sign in to manage troubleshoot your services Support Internet Fios Network Extender Fios Network Extender What is a network extender The Fios Network Extender FNE is a wireless network adapter that broadens your network connection and gives you extra WiFi coverage in your home It creates a wireless access point anywhere there is a coax or Ethernet connection expanding the reach of your existing wireless network The device receives traffic over the coax or Ethernet connection from your current router and recasts the signal so it reaches areas of your home beyond the reach of the router alone Before purchasing a network extender check your routers location to ensure you arent limiting the range by its proximity to walls or other barriers that may impact the wireless signal Learn more about how to improve WiFi coverage If you are currently using the Fios Advanced WiFi Router MI424WR rev I Router or Fios Quantum Gateway G1100 you can purchase a Fios Network Extender from the Fios equipment and accessories store User guides Compatible routers FAQs Fios Network Extender WCB6200Q Installation Guide Fios Network Extender WCB3000N Installation Guide See also WiFi connectivity Need more support

O O O O O O O O O O O B I I B I I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O


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National Accessibility Customer Service Skip to Main Content Wireless Residential Business Set Location Español Contact Us Store Locator Cart Skip the sign inregister menu Shop Support My Verizon I am looking for Search Input Field Forgot user ID or password Samsung Galaxy Note 3 Support Select a different device Find devicespecific support and online tools for your Samsung Galaxy Note 3 How to Use Simulator Features Apps Widgets Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Assistant Samsung Galaxy Note 3 The place for stepbystep help with your Verizon Wireless Samsung Galaxy Note 3 Get quick fixes for common device problems such as I cant make calls Cant activate my device Im unable to send or receive text messages I cant connect to the internet Cant receive a call I dont have service Device will not power up Dropped calls Battery drains too fast Data connection is slow Sign in for faster solutions Sign in for a simpler more accurate assessment User ID or Mobile Number OR Continue without signing in Get Started or Select a different device Still Have Questions Visit the Community Forums Ask questions or share your opinions on Verizon Wireless products and services Visit the Community Connect with us on Messenger Post a question and get a response from a Verizon expert Ask on Messenger Get help at a store Visit a store to get detailed and personal assistance from a Verizon expert Find a store

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Calorie Counts and Nutrition Facts Water and Beverages Almond Milk Nutrition Facts Calories Carbs and Health Benefits Calories Carbs and Health Benefits of Almond Milk By Malia Frey Updated December 18 2018 Photo Alexandra Shytsman Almond milk is considered a healthy food by many because the beverage is made from almonds a highly regarded superfood But there are ingredients other than almonds in many brands of almond milk and several different kinds that you can buy Sweetened almond milk unsweetened almond milk chocolate almond milk and almond coconut milk are just a few of the varieties available and each provides slightly different nutrients and health benefits Nutrition Facts Unsweetened Almond Milk Nutrition Facts Serving Size 1 cup 240 mL Per Serving Daily Value Calories 30 Calories from Fat 20 Total Fat 25g 4 Saturated Fat 0g 0 Polyunsaturated Fat 05g Monounsaturated Fat 15g Cholesterol 0mg 0 Sodium 170mg 7 Potassium 160mg 5 Carbohydrates 1g 0 Dietary Fiber 07g 4 Sugars 0g Protein 1g Vitamin A 10 Vitamin C 0 Calcium 45 Iron 4 Based on a 2000 calorie diet Carbs in Almond Milk There is just one gram of carbohydrate in unsweetened almond milk Carbs provide four calories per gram so four of the 30 calories in unsweetened almond milk come from carbohydrate However if you buy flavored or sweetened varieties the carbohydrates and calories in almond milk increase There are 93 calories and 16 grams of carbohydrate in a cup of sweetened almond milk There are 80 calories and 14 grams of carbohydrate in a cup of vanilla almond milk There are 30 calories and 1 gram of carbohydrate in a cup of unsweetened vanilla almond milk There are 51 calories and 3 grams of carbohydrate in a cup of unsweetened chocolate almond milk There are 123 calories and 23 grams of carbohydrate in a cup of sweetened chocolate almond milk Unsweetened almond milk has a glycemic index GI of 25 making it a low glycemic food As a reference foods with a GI of 55 or below are considered low glycemic foods Fats in Almond Milk There are 25 grams of fat in almond milk Each gram of fat provides nine calories so there are just over 20 calories from fat in unsweetened almond milk Most of the fat about 15 grams in almond milk comes from monounsaturated fat while a small part about 05 grams comes from polyunsaturated fat Unsaturated fats are considered good fats because they may help increase HDL cholesterol levels in the blood and boost heart health The fat in almond milk does not change substantially based on the flavor that you buy Protein in Almond Milk Youll get just one gram of protein in a cup of almond milk regardless of the flavor that you buy Protein helps your body build and maintain muscle Eating foods with protein also helps your bones cartilage skin and hair stay healthy As a basis for comparison one cup of milk provides about 8 grams of protein regardless of its fat content Micronutrients in Almond Milk A cup of almond milk provides several important micronutrients that will help you to get the vitamins and minerals you need each day For example youll get about 481 milligrams of calcium or about 45 percent of your recommended daily intake if you follow a 2000 calorie per day diet Calcium helps you to maintain strong bones It is also important for proper muscle contraction and nerve function As a basis for comparison a cup of milk provides about 276 milligrams of calcium or about 28 percent of your daily needs if you follow a 2000 calorie per day diet Almond milk also provides a healthy dose of vitamin E which plays an important role in cell metabolism Vitamin E is believed to protect against oxidative stress which may boost heart health and help protect your body against certain diseases including cancer arthritis and diabetes Health Benefits In addition to the benefits you get from the macro and micronutrients in almond milk you may gain other benefits as well For example almond milk provides a healthy substitute for people who are lactose intolerant or sensitive to dairy and can not consume cows milk In addition for people who are watching their waistlines unsweetened almond milk can be a smart way to flavor coffee or enjoy cereal The calories in almond milk are much lower than many coffee sweeteners and also lower than the calories found in skim low fat whole milk Common Questions About Almond Milk See below for answers to common questions about almond milk Can I use almond milk instead of regular milk in recipes You can use unsweetened almond milk as a milk substitute in most recipes some minor changes in baking time and use of thickening agents may be needed in baking recipes Use a 11 ratiothe same amount of almond milk as regular milk Opt for the unsweetened variety to avoid unwanted changes in taste and additional ingredients Does almond milk need to be refrigerated Most brands of almond milk need to be refrigerated but there are shelf stable varieties that do not require refrigeration Look at the carton to see how you should store the almond milk you buy If you purchase the milk in the refrigerated section chances are good that you will need to refrigerate it at home Should almond milk be frozen No The best way to store almond milk is in the refrigerator until its besttouseby date What are the other ingredients in almond milk Are they healthy Some nutrition pros are critical of almond milk because it contains more than just almonds The almond milk you buy at the grocery store may contain Calcium carbonate a supplement that boosts the calcium content of almond milk Sunflower lecithin a fatty substance extracted from sunflowers that may boost heart health Potassium citrate a food additive that helps regulate acidity Flavored and sweetened almond milk will most likely contain added sugars Youll see these listed in the ingredients as cane sugar honey or as another sweetener Diet experts advise that we limit our consumption of added sugars to maintain a healthy body weight and blood sugar levels Recipes and Preparation Tips Almond milk can be a great addition to your morning smoothie If you usually add dairy milk or water try using almond milk instead to change the flavor Try one of these recipes or use one of your own DairyFree StrawberryBanana Smoothie Wild Blueberry Cheesecake Smoothie You can also top your oatmeal with almond milk or use it instead of cream or milk in your favorite creamy vegetable soup recipe Allergies and Interactions If you have a nut allergy you should not consume almond milk or any other nut milk such as cashew milk etc However according to the American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology if you do not have a nut allergy it is safe to consume almond milk in the presence of someone who does have a nut allergy Was this page helpful Article Sources

O O O B I O O O B I B I O O O B I O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I B I O B I B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

almond milk
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Walking Beginners Top 10 Reasons to Start Walking By Wendy Bumgardner Reviewed by Richard N Fogoros MD Updated June 22 2018 Why should you start walking Walking for 30 to 60 minutes each day is one of the best things you can do for your body mind and spirit Here are great reasons to start walking 1 Walkers Live Longer Luca SageGetty Images The Honolulu Heart Study of 8000 men found that walking just two miles a day cut the risk of death almost in half The walkers risk of death was especially lower from cancer Other studies have had similar findings if you keep walking you improve your chances of a longer and healthier life 2 Walking Helps Prevent Weight Gain Hero ImagesGetty Images If you add just 2000 more steps a day to your regular activities you may never gain another pound So says research by Dr James O Hill of the Center for Human Nutrition at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center To lose weight add in more steps 3 You Can Walk Off Weight Darryl LeniukDigital VisionGetty Images Exercise such as walking is an important part of any weight loss program You must still watch how much you eat in order to lose weight But walking helps you build healthy lean muscle lose inches of fat and pump up your metabolism Of longterm successful weight losers almost all maintain a program of walking or other exercises 4 Walking Reduces Risk of Cancer Robert DalyOJO ImagesGetty Images Study after study has shown that walking and exercise reduces your risk of breast cancer and colon cancer Walking is also good for those undergoing cancer treatment improving their chances of recovery and survival 5 Walking Reduces Risk of Heart Disease and Stroke Guido MiethDigitalVisionGetty Heart disease and stroke are among the top killers of both men and women You can cut your risk of both in half by walking for 3060 minutes a day Get your blood moving 6 Walking Reduces Diabetes Risk David JakleImage SourceGetty Images Get out and walk for 30 minutes a day as your minimum daily requirement for health and to prevent Type 2 diabetes A study by the Graduate School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh discovered that walking for 30 minutes a day cut diabetes risks for overweight as well as nonoverweight men and women Walking also helps maintain blood sugar balance for those with diabetes 7 Walking Boosts Your Brain Power altrendo imagesStockbyte A study of people over 60 funded by the National Council on Aging published in the July 29 1999 issue of Nature found that walking 45 minutes a day at 16minute mile pace increased the thinking skills of those over 60 The participants started at 15 minutes of walking and built up their time and speed The result was that the same people were mentally sharper after taking up this walking program 8 Walking Improves Mood and Relieves Stress Mark HarmelGetty Images Walking and other exercise leads to the release of the bodys natural happy drugs endorphins Most people notice an improvement in mood A November 9 1999 study published in the Annals of Behavioral Medicine showed that university students who walked and did other easy to moderate exercise regularly had lower stress levels than couch potatoes or those who exercised strenuously 9 Walking Can Prevent Erectile Dysfunction BreBaGetty Images What better reason for men to take a brisk twomile walk each day a reduced risk of impotence from midlife onward 10 Its Easy to Get Started Walking Sam EdwardsGetty Images All you need is a pair of comfortable shoes and to get yourself out the door or onto the treadmill You can reap the benefits of walking from doing several shorter walks or one longer walk during the day To get you on the right foot this easy tutorial shows you how to walk with good posture and how to increase your walking time each day Was this page helpful

O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

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Digestive Health Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment Will the Side Effects from Prednisone Lessen or Go Away Certain Side Effects From Prednisone Are Permanent Prednisone is a medication that is often used to treat inflammatory bowel disease IBD Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis as well as a host of other diseases and conditions It can be very effective in getting acute IBD symptoms under control but the list of potential side effects that this drug can cause is extensive The good news is that most prednisone side effects will go away as the dose is lowered and then the drug is stopped altogether One of the goals of treating IBD is to use prednisone sparingly and to get patients off it as soon as possible Knowing about the potential for side effects goes a long way towards minimizing them and coping with them when they do happen If your doctor has prescribed prednisone its because the benefits of the drug outweigh the risks of the side effects Below is a discussion of the potential prednisone side effects when they Why Is Prednisone Used In some cases such as for an acute inflammation like an upper respiratory tract infection the course of prednisone might be short its only used for a few days or weeks People with IBD or other inflammatory conditions however may find their physicians have prescribed them prednisone for months or even years The goal of IBD treatment is typically to wean a patient off the steroids but sometimes it can be difficult Some people can taper their drug dosage down to a certain point but then symptoms return and they must bump it back up again The goal of treatment in IBD is always to induce remission with a maintenance drug that has fewer side effects and discontinue the prednisone Types of Prednisone Side Effects Where unwanted side effects are concerned physicians will often refer to them as adverse effects because that is a better description Some of the adverse effects from prednisone can be very upsetting especially physical ones such as facial mooning the face taking on a moonlike swollen shape acne and increased hair growth hirsutism Increased appetite mood swings and difficulty sleeping may be caused by prednisone and can negatively affect quality of life The good news is that these side effects do go away when the dosage of prednisone is tapered down and discontinued How long it will take to get the dose low and finally down to nothing depends on the length of time that prednisone was used and the dosage The longer the prednisone was taken and the higher the dose the longer it will take to taper down and stop it The body itself produces a substance that is equivalent to about 5 mg of prednisone A short course of 10 mg of prednisone a day may not cause side effects However either a dosage of 10 to 20 mg a day for a month or moreor a dosage of more than 20 mg a day for any length of timecould cause some adverse effects The Potential Prednisone Side Effects You Should Know About Some Side Effects That May Be Permanent As the prednisone dosage is tapered down below 10 mg a day and eventually discontinued the temporary side effects will lessen and reverse It should be noted however that some potential adverse effects of prednisone are permanent and discontinuing the drug will not reverse them This includes glaucoma cataracts osteoporosis bone weakness and osteonecrosis bone death A Word From Verywell No one wants to be put on prednisone but theres no denying that for many people it gets results and calms inflammation quickly People with IBD who have concerns about side effects should discuss them with a physician There may be ways to avoid certain side effects such as by taking doses earlier in the day to lessen the effect on sleep Its also important to discuss how long the prednisone will be needed and what the plan is to stop the prednisone altogether Knowing the answers to these questions can help in getting through a course of prednisone without How to Lessen the Side Effects of Prednisone Was this page helpful Article Sources

O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O O B I O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B B I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B O O B B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O B O O O O O O


Patient Rights Healthcare Team How to Deal With an Arrogant Doctor His Ego May Get in the Way of Good Care XiXinXingGetty Images Many of us have encountered an arrogant or egotistical doctor He or she comes across as mightierthanthou seems brusque superior or conceited as if we are supposed to feel lucky simply to be in this persons presence or fearful enough that we had better not cross him When we arent feeling well which of course is the reason we are visiting this individual to begin with then facing such a big personality may leave us feeling intimidated angry frustrated or a host of other negative emotions none of which is helpful for improving our health Confidence and selfassurance are good traits for a doctor We want to know that our doctors are confident about their work and are positive about their abilities to help us But wise patients understand that there is no room for arrogance narcissism or condescension from egotistical medical professionals Their lack of respect for our needs and their difficult personalities will inhibit the partnership we need to develop and we wont get the care we need from them Here are some ideas for understanding then dealing with difficult doctors A Large Ego Is a CoverUp Psychologists will tell you that when someone who acts arrogant or superior does so because he lacks selfconfidence Instead of truly feeling superior he instead truly feels inferior So hell use intimidation or act conceited to cover up that lack of selfesteem In the schoolyard this doctor was a bully In a medical setting that bullys intimidation takes the form of arrogance This doctor has spent a lifetime with his personality and you wont be able to change it Therefore your choices are to either learn to work around it or to find another doctor How do you know which approach to take Youll want to assess the importance of this particular doctor to your health Will this be a shortterm relationship or a longterm one Does this doctor have special knowledge or abilities that others do not Or are there other doctors who are available to help you so you dont have to put up with this one Become familiar with the steps for finding a new doctor before you simply fire Dr Arrogant While I would love to tell you just to find another doctor that is much easier said than done in primary care and some specialties How to Develop a Working Relationship with an Arrogant or Egotistical Doctor If you decide to stay with this doctor or believe youll be able to establish a relationship here are some steps to take to diminish the effects of the difficult aspects of his personality First understand that not only would this individual deny he is egotistical he would also deny that he is a bully or has an inferiority complex In truth he has developed that personality because it serves his purposes people are so intimidated that they dont try to get to know him any better He doesnt want to be pleasant friendly or kind because then people would discover just how inferior he is Knowing he doesnt want to be friendly dont try to make him your friend Your goal will simply be to take those intimidating edges out of the relationship so you can get the help you need Recognize that his difficult personality is not a true reflection of his abilities as a doctor He may or may not be a good practitioner able to meet your medical needs He may come across as the best surgeoncardiologistor any other gist there is and maybe he is But maybe he is not Youll need to work to discover whether he can truly help you or whether his arrogance is covering up weaknesses in his abilities Ironically it may be that this doctors inferiority complex actually works in your favor If you have a difficult illness or puzzling symptoms and he can help you or solve your diagnosis mystery that proves his superiority His success as your doctor helps him get beyond his feelings of inferiority Remember though that communication between the two of you is critical so be sure that his ego doesnt inhibit your ability to communicate about the important aspects of your illness or condition This doctor will think that everything he tells you is right or the best answer When it comes to those aspects of being a wise patient that involve asking smart questions or sharing information you have learned about your diagnosis or treatment options know that Dr Arrogant will resist the discussion may ignore you or get angry If that happens try to smooth out the conversation by stating that you understand what he has explained to you that you know that both of you have the same goalto improve your health statusand that he can create a winwin for both If you run into a problem with your treatment for example the drug he prescribed doesnt work well then make sure you state the problem as objectively as you can An intimidator may try to make it sound as if the fault lies with you the patient Telling him you are having a problem will sound to him as if you are accusing him of making a mistake so youll have to smooth those edges too The most important aspect of the relationship with this doctor is that you will have to work hard to be sure you can ask the questions you need to ask get the answers you need to have and get the attention and service you deserve Recent studies have shown a correlation between arrogance obnoxiousness and medical errors Once youre feeling better or stronger you may choose to take a role in removing these types of egos from the profession of medicine If so there are places to report bad provider behavior with the goal of improving that behavior or removing that ego from the practice of medicine Was this page helpful Article Sources

O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Orthopedics Fractures Broken Bones Rehabilitation and Healing Time After a Jones Fracture By Brett Sears PT Reviewed by Richard N Fogoros MD Updated November 25 2018 Brand ImagesERProdcutionsGetty Images Physical therapy after a Jones fracture may help improve your overall foot and ankle range of motion strength and functional mobility A Jones fracture is a break in the fifth metatarsal a bone of your foot that connects your pinky toe to the rest of your foot Fractures here are a painful experience and can limit your ability to walk normally and engage in work recreation and athletic activity What Causes a Jones Fracture A Jones fracture is often caused by a forceful blow to the bottom or outside part of your foot It usually occurs after jumping up and landing forcefully on your foot Sometimes the simple act of running can cause microtrauma to the fifth metatarsal and a Jones fracture may occur The onset of your pain may be gradual and happen over a period of weeks or months When this happens it is usually considered a stress fracture and the prognosis for this type of Jones fracture is poorer than with an acute Jones fracture What are the Signs and Symptoms of a Jones Fracture The typical signs and symptoms of a Jones fracture include but are not limited to Pain on the outside part of your foot Swelling on the outside part of your foot Discoloration or bruising on your foot Difficulty walking or bearing weight on your foot If you have injured your foot or if you have developed these symptoms it is important that you visit your doctor or emergency department immediately Failure to get proper treatment for your foot can cause permanent loss of function Initial Management of a Jones Fracture After reporting to your doctor or the hospital and if a Jones fracture is suspected an xray will most likely be taken to see the bones of your foot The xray picture will show the fracture is present or not and proper treatment can be administered If a Jones fracture is confirmed the fracture must be reduced which is the process where the bones are put in the correct place Many times with a Jones fracture the pieces of bone are close together but with severe fractures a surgical procedure called an open reduction internal fixation ORIF may need to be done to reduce the bones After reduction your doctor will probably put your foot in a cast to help immobilize the fracture while it heals You will usually be nonweight bearing which means that you can not put your foot on the floor and bear weight on it Therefore you will most likely need an assistive device such as crutches or a walker to walk A visit to a physical therapist may be in order to help learn how to properly use your assistive device What to Expect From Physical Therapy After an appropriate amount of healing has occurred usually 68 weeks after injury your doctor will take the cast off your foot Dont be surprised if your foot is still swollen and discolored This is common after a Jones fracture Also the muscles in your leg may appear smaller than on your noninjured leg At this time your doctor may refer you to physical therapy to help with your rehabilitation process The main focus of physical therapy after a Jones fracture is to overcome the effects of being immobilized and to improve function related to walking and moving around Physical therapy can also help put proper stress on your healing bone This is important because Wolffs law states that bone heals and grows in response to the stress and strain that is placed upon it Physical therapy usually begins with an initial evaluation where your physical therapist will collect information about your injury Common impairments measured and treated after a Jones fracture include Range of motion Range of motion refers to the amount of mobility around a specific joint or joints After a Jones fracture and wearing a cast on your foot and ankle your ankle and foot joints may have become tight Muscles around your ankle foot and toes may also have become tight so flexibility and range of motion exercises may be necessary to help improve your mobility Swelling When your doctor removes your cast you may have some swelling around your foot and ankle Your physical therapist may prescribe exercises to help with swelling He or she may also use physical agents like heat or ice or physical modalities like electrical stimulation may be used to help manage swelling Scar assessment if you have had an ORIF If you have had surgery to reduce your Jones fracture you will have a surgical scar on the outside part of your foot Sometimes scar tissue forms there and prevents the skin and underlying tissue from moving normally Scar tissue massage may be prescribed to help improve the mobility of your scar Pain Even after a period of immobilization there still may be pain in your foot and ankle after a Jones fracture As you use your foot more and start putting more and more weight on it some of the muscles and joints in the foot may become sore There may also be some pain where the fracture was Your physical therapist may use heat ice or TENS to help control your pain Strength When you are immobilized in the cast your muscles are not being used and therefore may become weak Your physical therapist can help you improve the strength of the muscles around your foot and ankle As you heal other exercises to improve balance and plyometric exercises may be necessary to ensure that you are able to stand walk and run normally Gait Gait refers to the way people walk and after a Jones fracture your gait may not be normal Your physical therapist can help you improve your gait by prescribing exercises and by engaging in specific activities to help improve the way you walk He or she can also make recommendations as to which assistive device would be best for you to use Once your PT has gathered information about your condition he or she will then work with you to develop an appropriate treatment plan PT Exercises for a Jones Fracture The most important component of your rehab for a Jones fracture is exercise Exercises after a Jones fracture are geared to help improve the range of motion and strength around your foot and ankle This is important to help overcome the negative effects of being immobilized while things were healing Exercises that may be prescribed after a Jones fracture may include Ankle range of motion and stretching exercises Ankle strengthening exercises Foot mobility exercises like towel grabs with your toes Balance and proprioception exercises Your PT will show you which exercises are best for you and he or she may prescribe exercises to be done as part of a home exercise program Your physical therapist may also use various therapeutic modalities to help control your pain or swelling after your Jones fracture Things like electrical stimulation or heat and ice may feel good but research shows that active engagement like exercise is most helpful for restoring functional mobility after a Jones fracture Healing Time for a Jones Fracture After a few weeks of physical therapy your pain level should be at a minimum and your strength and range of motion in your foot and ankle should be normal Your physical therapist will progress your program at a pace that is suitable for you to ensure that you return to your previous level of function quickly Your Jones fracture should be completely healed approximately three months after injury depending on the severity of the fracture A Jones fracture can be a painful injury and can limit your ability to move around normally Physical therapy can help ensure that you are able to quickly and safely return to normal activity and function after a Jones fracture Was this page helpful Article Sources

O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

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Assassins Creed Odyssey Ancient Tablets guide where to find Ancient Tablets to upgrade your ship The waters of the Aegean are awash with bloodthirsty pirates Spartan warriors and Athenian Hoplites all ready to sink the good ship Adrestia without a second swab of the galley If you want to stand a chance against the toughest seamen on the open waters then youre going to have to upgrade your ship Here are all of the Ancient Tablet locations that weve found in Assassins Creed Odyssey so far You dont actually need that many Ancient Tablets to buy each upgrade for your ship so these should keep you tided over until the midlate game Nonetheless well keep updating this page as we find more You get 4 tablets per cache that you find so you should only need to find a couple to get any ship upgrade you need And while youre showing the Adrestia some love why not take a look at our guide on where to find the best Special Lieutenants in Assassins Creed Odyssey Assassins Creed Origins Ancient Tablets locations Kephalonia Odysseus Palace IthakaKephalonia South side of the island Megaris Ruined Temple of Apollo Occupied Forest of Tripodiskos Southwest of the Battleground of Megaris west of the beach where you meet Stendor Pillar of Dionysus Kithairon Foothills Northwest of the Battleground of Megaris northeast of Panormos Phokis Prometheus and the Birth of Humankind Sacred Lands of Apollo Southeast of the area to the northeast of Kirrha in Pilgrims Landing Solitude Tower Grand Mount Parnassos Far east of the area west of the City of Orchomenos Snake Temple Valley of the Snake West of the area north of Satyrs Respite synchronization location Tomb of Tityos Valley of the Snake Centre of the area east of the Snake Temple Euboea Seaside Altar Mount Difri Northeast of the area next to coast and north of Abandoned Mine Attika Burned Temple of Hera Phaleron Sandy Bay Southwest of Athens next to coast and Phaleron Sunken Harbor Ruined Sanctuary of Ajax Isle of Salamis South of island west of coastal Temple of Athena Skiras Argolis Asine Ruins Mount Koryphum North of area southwest of Sanctuary of Asklepios Club of Herakles Valley of Dreams East of area and east of Sanctuary of Asklepios Mycenae Palace of Agamemnon 3rd floor Korinthia Ruined Temple of Zeus Kraneion Plains south side of camp For even more tablets you can search some of the later game areas in Assassins Creed Odyssey There are three Ancient Tablet locations to be found on Messara and Pephka As well as five more in a small area on Lesbos If youre just getting started with Assassins Creed Odyssey check out our ultimate guide here Sometimes we include links to online retail stores If you click on one and make a purchase we may receive a small commission For more information go here Games featured in this article Assassins Creed Odyssey Assassins Creed Odyssey Review Guides News Features Comments Sorry the browser you are using is not currently supported Disqus actively supports the following browsers Firefox Chrome Internet Explorer 11 Safari

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Fortnite Deep Freeze Bundle Has Been Announced Asmir Pekmic 8 hours ago Epic Games is preparing another exclusive bundle for Fortnite Battle Royale players This time the game developer has partnered up with Warner Bros Interactive bringing another bundle that includes a few cosmetic items and VBucks Unfortunately the bundle is not available yet and Fortnite players will have to wait a few weeks for it This winterthemed bundle will be available for purchase on November 13 Players will be able to buy it physically or digitally and it is one of the cheapest bundles Epic Games offers Additionally the cosmetic items look amazing so its definitely a good deal Fortnite Deep Freeze bundle The best item that comes in the bundle is the Frostbite skin This skin looks similar to Havoc outfit which was released in the Twitch Prime back a few months ago Beside the skin Fortnite players will also get a matching glider pickaxe and a back bling Beside these four cosmetic items players who purchase the upcoming bundle will get 1000 VBucks While this amount is not enough to buy a rare epic or legendary skin players can use it to purchase the season 6 Battle Pass This is a complete list of items that will be included in the bundle Frostbite outfit Cold Front glider ChillAxe pickaxe Freezing Point back bling 1000 VBucks Both physical and digital editions of the Deep Freeze bundle will be available on November 13 The bundle will cost 2999 and players will be able to buy it through the ingame store as well Considering that the cost of these items would be around 50 if purchased separately we can say this is a good deal However if you are just starting to get into Fortnite Battle Royale you might want to check out the starter pack This pack only costs 499 and it includes an outfit a back bling and 600 VBucks October 9 2018 944 am Fortnite Older Posts

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Cayman Islands Tours All Tours Cruises Sailing Water Tours Cultural Theme Tours Day Trips Excursions Food Wine Nightlife Kid Friendly Outdoor Activities Private Custom Tours Shopping Fashion Shore Excursions Shows Concerts Sports Sightseeing Tickets Passes Tours Sightseeing Transfers Ground Transport Water Sports Attractions All Attractions Stingray City Cayman Islands George Town Rum Point Grand Cayman Cruise Port Grand Cayman Island Cruise Port Seven Mile Beach Cayman Islands Brewery Caybrew Recommendations All Recommendations Sea Life Encounters in Grand Cayman 3 Days in the Cayman Islands Suggested Itineraries Nearby Having trouble booking online Call 888 6519785 Cayman Islands Cayman Islands Tours Tickets Activities Things To Do January 2019 Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Filter 96 Tours and Tickets Sort by Default Stingray City Experience Plus Two Snorkeling Stops 154 Reviews Duration 3 hours Free Cancellation From 4500 USD Stingray City Experience from Grand Cayman 105 Reviews Duration 3 hours Free Cancellation From 4000 USD Stingray City and Snorkel Tour in Grand Cayman 54 Reviews Duration 3 hours Free Cancellation From 4000 USD Private Half Day Stingray City Snorkeling and Starfish Beach Tour 3 Reviews Duration 3 hours 30 minutes Free Cancellation From 62000 USD Starfish Stingray and Coral Garden 3Stop Adventure 4 Reviews Duration 3 hours 18 minutes Free Cancellation From 5000 USD Stingray City and Starfish Beach Jet Ski Tour Duration 2 hours 30 minutes Free Cancellation From 15000 USD Private Snorkel Charter 21 Reviews Duration Flexible Free Cancellation From 85000 USD Grand Cayman Catamaran Cruise with Snorkeling at Stingray Sandbar and Reef 25 Reviews Duration 3 hours 30 minutes Free Cancellation From 9000 USD Stingray City and Snorkel Jet Ski Tour Duration 2 to 3 hours Free Cancellation From 15000 USD Rum Distillery Tour plus Beer Samples and Seven Mile Beach 66 Reviews Duration 4 hours Free Cancellation From 3700 USD West Bay Sightseeing Tour Plus Seven Mile Beach Visit 34 Reviews Duration 4 hours Free Cancellation From 2900 USD NEW TO VIATOR Private Luxury Bioluminescence Tour and Dinner at Kaibo Duration 120 to 210 minutes Free Cancellation From 67500 USD Private FullDay Stingray City Snorkeling Kaibo Bar Grill and Starfish Beach Duration 5 hours Free Cancellation From 85000 USD Stingray City Experience Plus One Snorkeling Stop 14 Reviews Duration 2 hours 45 minutes Free Cancellation From 4500 USD Grand Cayman Stingray City Coral Garden and Turtle Farm Tour 3 Reviews Duration 5 hours Free Cancellation From 8000 USD Private Stingray City and Snorkeling Half Day Charter 1 Review Duration 4 hours From 75000 USD Guided Tour of Cayman Crystal Caves 9 Reviews Duration 1 hour 30 minutes Free Cancellation From 4000 USD Private Fishing and Snorkeling Island Adventure 6 Reviews Duration 8 hours Free Cancellation From 55000 USD Starfish and Stingray City Adventure with Snorkeling 86 Reviews Duration 3 hours 30 minutes Free Cancellation From 5600 USD Grand Cayman Shore Excursion Atlantis Submarine Expedition 12 Reviews Duration 1 hour 30 minutes Free Cancellation From 11400 USD Glass Bottom Boat Tour Snorkeling Optional Duration 1 to 2 hours Free Cancellation From 5700 USD Cayman Spirits Distillery Tour and George Town Shopping 14 Reviews Duration 1 hour Free Cancellation From 2200 USD 65Hour Catamaran Cruise to Stingray City and Rum Point Beach 1 Review Duration 6 hours 30 minutes Free Cancellation From 9500 USD Grand Cayman Shore Excursion SemiSubmarine and Fish Feeding Show 15 Reviews Duration 1 hour Free Cancellation From 4400 USD 1 2 3 4 Top Cayman Islands Attractions Stingray City Cayman Islands George Town Rum Point Grand Cayman Cruise Port Grand Cayman Island Cruise Port Seven Mile Beach Cayman Islands Brewery Caybrew Recommended for Cayman Islands Sea Life Encounters in Grand Cayman 3 Days in the Cayman Islands Suggested Itineraries

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Cooking

Class

and

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Stuff

by

Jason

Wallach

Aug

A

Comprehensive

Guide

to

Cooking

Meth

on

Breaking

Bad

As

a

chemist

and

someone

interested

in

psychoactive

drugs

Im

a

huge

fan

of

iBreaking

Badi

Although

the

clandestine

chemistry

always

appeared

accurate

at

first

glance

I

desired

a

more

detailed

critique

of

Walter

Whites

syntheses

Frank

OckenfelsAMC

Disclaimer

Cooking

andor

selling

methamphetamine

and

other

controlled

substances

is

illegal

unless

you

are

working

under

the

aegis

of

a

pharmaceutical

company

As

a

chemist

and

someone

interested

in

psychoactive

drugs

Im

frequently

asked

if

I

watch

the

AMC

series

Breaking

Bad

and

if

the

show

accurately

portrays

clandestine

chemistry

I

am

a

huge

fan

of

the

show

and

frequently

watch

it

while

working

in

the

lab

late

at

night

Although

the

clandestine

chemistry

always

appeared

accurate

at

first

glance

I

desired

a

more

detailed

critique

of

Walter

Whites

syntheses

But

season

after

season

my

thirst

for

technical

analysis

was

left

unquenched

I

found

a

few

articles

that

touched

on

the

clandestine

chemistry

but

were

comprehensive

After

dedicating

the

last

seven

years

of

my

life

to

organic

chemistry

it

felt

like

a

natural

departure

from

writing

my

dissertation

to

examine

this

Nagai

or

methamphetamine

was

first

synthesized

from

the

naturally

occurring

alkaloid

ephedrine

by

Japanese

chemist

Nagai

Nagayoshi

in

while

researching

the

structure

of

ephedrine

Meths

psychostimulant

effect

does

not

seem

to

have

been

noticed

until

the

when

Friedrich

Hauschild

discovered

it

at

the

Berlin

based

pharmaceutical

company

Temmler

By

the

stimulants

became

a

regular

part

of

the

American

routine

and

a

flourishing

blackmarket

in

diverted

pharmaceuticals

soon

developed

This

supply

began

to

wither

in

the

as

law

enforcement

prosecuted

overprescribing

doctors

and

placed

pressure

on

pharmaceutical

companies

to

withdraw

certain

products

Many

believe

the

first

When

it

comes

to

making

meth

the

difference

between

cooking

and

synthesis

should

be

acknowledged

In

the

same

manner

anyone

can

learn

how

to

cook

a

fancy

meal

anyone

can

be

taught

to

cook

meth

regardless

of

chemistry

educationcooking

meth

may

be

just

a

little

more

explosive

In

fact

cooking

meth

can

be

extremely

dangerous

because

a

lack

of

chemical

knowledge

puts

the

cook

and

anyone

else

nearby

at

serious

risk

of

injury

As

Guss

assistant

Victor

in

Box

Cutter

states

Its

called

a

cook

because

everything

comes

down

to

following

a

recipe

Walt

appropriately

asks

him

What

happens

In

early

episodes

Walt

and

Jessie

produce

methamphetamine

using

the

Nagai

methodthe

same

synthetic

route

used

by

Nagai

Nagayoshi

in

the

first

recorded

methamphetamine

synthesis

The

Nagai

method

employs

pseudoephedrine

as

a

precursor

which

is

reduced

with

hydroiodic

acid

HI

to

yield

methamphetamine

This

method

was

once

the

favorite

of

small

scale

meth

operations

in

Americaalong

with

the

misnamed

Nazi

method

which

was

most

common

in

agricultural

areas

with

access

to

liquid

ammonia

fertilizer

reduction

or

Birch

reduction

Today

smallscale

operators

prefer

the

one

pot

shake

and

bake

method

a

modified

form

of

the

Birch

reduction

Pseudoephedrine

The

Nagai

method

is

portrayed

twice

in

the

pilot

episode

first

when

Walts

DEA

agent

brother

in

law

Hank

Schrader

and

his

DEA

pals

raid

Jessies

lab

while

Walt

rides

along

and

then

again

during

the

Winnebago

cook

scene

The

paraphernalia

characteristic

of

this

method

is

seen

as

the

agents

storm

through

the

house

coffee

filters

match

books

road

flares

iodine

tinctures

boxes

and

blister

packs

of

OTC

cold

medicine

and

mason

jars

of

transparent

red

and

yellow

solvents

from

removing

the

red

wax

coating

and

extracting

pseudoephedrine

from

cold

medicine

respectively

As

may

now

be

obvious

the

popularity

of

the

Nagai

method

stems

from

the

ease

of

obtaining

the

necessary

chemicals

Pseudoephedrine

is

extracted

via

water

or

alcohol

and

coffee

filters

from

OTC

cold

medicine

Red

phosphorus

needed

to

reduce

elemental

iodine

to

HI

and

to

recycle

reformed

is

collected

from

matchbook

striker

pads

or

road

flares

Walt

and

Jessie

use

both

as

phosphorus

sources

at

different

times

crystals

can

be

extracted

from

readily

accessible

disinfectants

Once

readied

pseudoephedrine

and

red

phosphorus

are

placed

in

a

boiling

flask

along

with

water

and

heated

for

varying

lengths

Your

browser

does

not

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any

of

the

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available

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here

to

visit

our

frequently

asked

questions

about

video

How

to

prepare

from

Iodine

tinctures

In

the

pilot

episode

Walt

does

this

by

making

the

solution

basic

and

then

extracting

it

with

an

organic

solvent

His

use

of

a

plastic

syringe

to

remove

the

organic

solvent

layer

is

typical

of

clandestine

cooksan

easier

alternative

favored

by

legitimate

chemists

is

a

separatory

funnel

By

bubbling

the

HCI

gas

into

the

solution

the

resulting

dmethamphetamine

is

then

precipitated

as

the

HCl

salt

In

the

Nagai

method

the

βhydroxyl

group

on

ephedrine

or

pseudoephedrine

is

protonated

forming

a

hydronium

ion

leaving

group

A

nucleophilic

substitution

reaction

then

occurs

with

an

iodide

anion

Water

is

lost

to

give

iodoephedrine

which

then

undergoes

reductive

dehalogenation

by

liberated

producing

methamphetamine

The

mechanism

of

the

emede

method

a

previously

popular

clandestine

procedure

is

equivalent

however

in

this

case

it

is

performed

in

two

separate

reactions

isolating

the

ephedrine

halide

usually

Bromo

or

Chloroephedrine

and

then

reducing

it

to

methamphetamine

By

the

seventh

episode

of

Season

A

No

RoughStuffType

Deal

obtaining

pseudoephedrine

for

the

largescale

production

that

Walt

desires

becomes

an

issue

To

circumvent

this

Walt

decides

on

an

alternate

synthesisreductive

amination

using

phenylacetone

and

methylamine

Upon

hearing

he

no

longer

has

to

smurf

pseudoephedrine

an

infamously

tedious

process

Jessie

enthusiastically

exclaims

Yeah

science

The

synthesis

of

methamphetamine

using

reductive

amination

is

not

new

Japanese

chemist

Akira

Ogata

first

used

it

in

with

various

modifications

appearing

in

the

scientific

and

patent

literature

ever

since

Obtaining

methylamine

required

for

this

reactionwhich

is

on

the

DEA

watch

list

Methylamine

In

reductive

amination

a

ketone

or

aldehyde

is

condensed

with

an

amine

to

form

an

imine

or

Schiff

base

intermediate

which

is

then

reduced

to

an

amine

In

this

case

and

methylamine

are

condensed

forming

the

imine

this

is

then

reduced

by

adding

hydrogen

to

methamphetamine

The

steps

can

be

performed

in

separate

reactions

or

together

onepot

In

Secrets

of

Methamphetamine

Manufacture

edition

author

and

former

meth

cook

Uncle

Fester

discusses

several

possible

reduction

methods

for

reductive

aminationincluding

mercury

aluminum

amalgam

reductions

and

Hydrogen

bomb

using

or

Raney

nickel

Based

on

several

scenes

referencing

or

depicting

aluminum

metal

and

mention

of

mercury

amalgam

Walt

and

Jesse

use

the

former

where

aluminum

foil

is

activated

with

to

give

aluminum

amalgam

As

Uncle

Fester

outlines

Walt

and

Jessie

use

a

onepot

reaction

where

percent

aqueous

methylamine

and

alcohol

are

mixed

with

mercury

amalgammercury

amalgam

reductions

have

a

characteristic

foaming

cloudy

grey

appearance

as

portrayed

in

the

cook

scene

from

Reaction

of

and

methylamine

produces

an

imine

which

can

then

be

reduced

to

racemic

d

l

methamphetamine

Although

is

generated

the

reduction

actually

involves

an

internal

electrolytic

process

involving

electron

transfer

from

the

metal

that

forms

a

radical

carbon

and

subsequent

hydrogen

abstractions

from

solvent

Once

complete

the

reaction

is

worked

up

and

productobtained

by

vacuum

distillation

This

is

Walts

preferred

reduction

In

Green

Light

Walt

criticizes

Jessies

product

derogatorily

stating

he

probably

used

a

platinum

dioxide

reduction

However

Jessie

states

he

used

mercury

aluminum

amalgam

because

dioxides

too

hard

to

keep

wet

which

surprises

Walt

This

statement

likely

refers

to

the

fact

that

or

Adams

catalyst

is

pyrophoric

meaning

it

ignites

if

exposed

to

open

air

A

clandestine

meth

chemist

using

the

pseudonym

Loius

Feech

writes

of

his

own

experience

with

spontaneously

exploding

in

his

lab

in

his

guide

Large

Scale

Methamphetamine

Manufacture

is

a

perfectly

good

reducing

agent

and

was

at

one

point

common

in

clandestine

methamphetamine

labs

However

its

pyrophoric

nature

and

cost

are

downfalls

There

is

some

suggestion

Walt

may

have

even

used

at

one

pointperhaps

in

the

first

cook

in

A

No

RoughStuffType

Deal

One

of

the

listed

items

Jessie

gets

for

Walt

is

hydrogen

gas

This

wouldnt

be

used

with

a

mercury

amalgam

reduction

but

would

be

useful

for

a

heterogeneous

reduction

employing

a

reducing

agent

such

as

In

the

DEA

placed

into

Schedule

II

of

the

Controlled

Substances

Act

making

it

illegal

to

buy

sell

or

possess

without

a

controlled

substance

license

This

is

one

of

the

earliest

examples

of

the

odd

and

unfortunate

habit

of

making

pharmacologically

inert

chemicals

illegal

because

career

criminals

could

misuse

them

Although

became

harder

to

purchase

this

did

little

to

impact

methamphetamines

availability

because

clandestine

chemists

began

synthesizing

themselves

Meanwhile

clandestine

operations

became

more

complex

dangerous

and

environmentally

hazardous

The

resourceful

clandestine

chemists

adopted

several

wellknown

methods

to

synthesize

Details

of

these

are

available

in

Secrets

of

Methamphetamine

Manufacture

or

his

Advanced

Techniques

of

Clandestine

Psychedelic

and

Amphetamine

Manufacture

The

clandestine

favorite

for

synthesis

has

always

been

phenylacetic

acid

PAA

which

is

also

that

used

by

Walt

and

Jessie

PAA

is

mentioned

in

Sunset

S

when

Gale

asks

Walt

about

tapering

its

addition

rate

and

in

Salud

when

Jessie

criticizes

the

cartel

whom

hes

visiting

in

Mexico

for

not

having

PAA

ready

There

are

a

number

of

ways

to

make

from

PAA

The

list

Walt

gives

Jessie

in

A

No

RoughStuffType

Deal

contains

two

items

thorium

nitrate

and

a

tube

furnace

indicative

of

a

dehydrocarboxylation

reaction

Thorium

nitrate

is

used

to

generate

thorium

dioxide

a

radioactive

metal

oxide

catalyst

used

in

the

relatively

complexthough

high

yieldinggas

phase

reaction

in

a

heated

tube

furnace

Mention

of

thorium

oxide

a

moniker

of

and

a

catalyst

bed

in

Más

further

supports

this

In

dehydrocarboxylation

two

carboxylic

acids

are

vaporizedin

this

case

PAA

and

acetic

acidand

passed

through

a

catalyst

bed

Dehydrocarboxylation

of

phenylacetic

acid

and

acetic

acid

to

produce

From

the

to

the

reductive

amination

was

the

method

of

choice

for

clandestine

methamphetamine

production

Enterprising

biker

gangs

who

dominated

the

trade

at

this

time

mostly

ran

these

operations

The

slang

term

crank

for

methamphetamine

allegedly

originated

from

Bikers

transporting

meth

in

the

crankshafts

of

their

bikes

Reductive

amination

is

less

common

today

Reference

to

this

occurs

in

Seven

ThirtySeven

when

Hank

shows

his

surprise

after

being

shown

the

video

of

the

methylamine

heist

He

says

cooking

old

school

biker

meth

Increased

DEA

restrictions

including

placement

of

PAA

on

its

watch

list

led

to

a

switch

Phenylacetic

acid

Assuming

all

else

is

equal

most

clandestine

chemists

would

choose

a

pseudoephedrineephedrine

reduction

over

reductive

amination

because

reduction

of

pseudoephedrine

produces

the

more

potent

dmethamphetamine

where

reductive

amination

produces

much

less

potent

racemic

methamphetamine

Nonsuperimposable

mirror

image

forms

of

methamphetamine

d

or

Smethamphetamine

posses

psychostimulant

effects

whereas

l

or

Rmethamphetamine

is

a

decongestant

Despite

using

reductive

amination

Walt

implies

his

product

is

enantiomerically

pure

in

Box

cutter

He

asks

Victor

If

our

reduction

is

not

stereospecific

then

how

can

our

product

be

enantiomerically

pure

Since

hes

not

a

chemist

Victor

was

unable

to

answer

and

anyways

before

he

could

try

Gus

slits

his

throat

with

a

box

cutter

Unfortunately

we

dont

know

if

Walt

is

just

bluffing

to

try

and

save

his

and

Jessies

life

If

Walts

product

is

pure

dmethamphetamine

we

can

assume

he

must

use

some

technique

to

separate

or

resolve

the

isomers

because

the

starting

material

is

not

chiral

THE

BLUE

STUFF

Photo

of

blue

meth

from

Kansas

City

Police

Department

chiefs

blog

Walts

methamphetamine

becomes

blue

when

he

switches

from

pseudoephedrine

reduction

to

reductive

amination

When

delivering

this

new

product

to

cartel

drug

dealer

Tuco

in

Seven

ThirtySeven

Walt

says

I

used

a

different

chemical

process

but

it

is

every

bit

as

pure

In

his

own

vernacular

Jessie

also

attests

to

the

quality

saying

It

may

be

blue

but

its

the

bomb

After

a

short

snort

Tuco

agrees

Tight

tight

tight

tight

yeah

blue

yellow

pink

whatever

man

just

keep

bringing

me

that

he

yells

As

the

pure

HCl

salt

methamphetamine

is

a

colorlesswhite

crystalline

solid

Illicit

methamphetamine

exists

in

a

number

of

colors

although

colorless

white

and

yellow

are

most

common

In

the

early

days

of

clandestine

production

a

brown

waxy

product

called

peanut

butter

crank

was

common

Like

Walts

blue

the

colors

result

from

impurities

formed

during

the

reaction

While

I

dont

know

why

the

writers

chose

blue

there

may

be

some

logic

In

the

fifth

chapter

of

Uncle

Festers

Secrets

of

Methamphetamine

Manufacture

Edition

Uncle

Fester

describes

an

internet

conversation

he

had

with

another

cooker

During

the

pressure

gassing

of

a

solution

of

grams

of

methamphetamine

freebase

in

milliliters

of

the

process

generates

bluecolored

product

During

any

chemical

reaction

side

reactions

occur

which

produce

impurities

Identity

and

quantity

of

impurities

vary

by

synthesis

Profiling

the

impurities

an

analytical

chemist

can

often

determine

the

method

used

to

produce

a

sample

However

the

analytical

chemist

should

take

is

actually

produced

as

a

side

product

in

the

Nagai

reduction

of

pseudoephedrine

Crystallization

chromatography

and

other

purification

methods

can

remove

some

impurities

Despite

its

light

blue

coloration

Walts

product

is

highly

pure

Boxcutter

opens

with

flashback

to

Gale

giddily

setting

up

equipment

in

the

laundromat

superlab

He

tells

Gus

that

he

has

the

sample

he

asked

him

to

analyze

saying

it

is

quite

good

He

then

lets

us

know

it

was

Walts

product

I

can

not

as

of

yet

account

for

the

blue

color

Gale

goes

on

to

guarantee

Gus

a

purity

of

percent

for

his

own

product

Walts

sample

was

percent

pure

and

maybe

even

a

touch

beyond

that

Gale

says

to

know

for

sure

he

would

need

Although

at

least

one

forensic

report

of

blue

methamphetamine

an

unimpressive

powdered

sample

adulterated

with

blue

chalk

predates

Breaking

Bad

the

show

has

certainly

influenced

the

international

methamphetamine

trade

A

quick

search

of

posts

from

the

last

few

years

of

various

online

drug

discussion

forums

shows

that

there

has

been

many

encounters

of

high

quality

crystalline

blue

meth

In

Kansas

City

MO

police

chief

Darryl

Forté

posted

an

entry

on

his

blog

saying

blue

meth

was

encountered

several

times

in

the

previous

two

months

Your

browser

does

not

currently

recognize

any

of

the

video

formats

available

Click

here

to

visit

our

frequently

asked

questions

about

video

Surprisingly

many

of

the

law

enforcement

personal

and

reporters

in

Kansas

City

failed

to

make

the

connection

to

Breaking

Bad

Two

news

reports

speculated

the

blue

color

might

have

been

an

ineffective

attempt

to

fool

the

chemical

reagent

field

tests

which

give

a

blue

color

when

tested

positive

for

methamphetamine

It

seems

very

unlikely

that

highly

successful

criminals

would

think

dying

their

product

blue

would

be

sufficient

to

fool

police

detection

efforts

Another

explanation

was

the

blue

color

was

a

marketing

techniquedrug

dealers

do

use

a

variety

of

methods

to

brand

their

products

and

colored

drugs

are

not

new

Saint

Patricks

day

in

Marietta

Ohio

apparently

includes

green

crack

cocaine

Similarly

pink

strawberry

flavored

cocaine

has

been

encountered

by

The

best

source

of

information

on

the

phenomenon

is

a

el

Paso

intelligence

bulletin

which

describes

a

potential

influence

of

Breaking

Bad

on

the

appearance

of

blue

methamphetamine

in

several

states

including

Texas

California

and

Washington

beginning

in

December

This

blue

meth

or

blue

ice

was

allegedly

more

potent

and

expensivewith

two

samples

found

to

be

an

impressive

and

percent

pure

dmethamphetamine

The

nature

of

the

blue

color

was

unfortunately

not

determined

but

speculated

to

be

an

additive

dye

Attesting

to

the

power

of

entertainment

Mexican

drug

cartels

are

believed

to

be

responsible

for

these

samples

CONCLUSION

As

should

now

be

clear

Breaking

Bad

accurately

portrays

methamphetamine

synthesis

From

pronunciation

of

complex

chemicals

to

the

appearance

of

specific

reactions

they

get

it

rightBryan

Cranston

pronounces

chemical

names

better

than

some

graduate

students

I

know

This

is

all

possible

because

the

staff

at

Breaking

Bad

do

their

homework

consulting

experts

like

associate

chemistry

professor

Dr

Donna

Nelson

from

University

of

Oklahoma

No

they

arent

perfect

Details

are

sometimes

overlooked

like

condensers

not

being

connected

to

a

water

source

and

the

order

of

synthesis

steps

sometimes

being

wrong

The

industrial

scale

crystallization

technique

shown

is

unfamiliar

to

me

but

my

synthesis

experiences

are

on

the

relatively

small

scale

While

entertainment

doesnt

have

to

always

get

it

right

it

is

nice

that

it

can

With

the

final

episodes

starting

I

hope

that

Breaking

Bad

continues

to

set

a

new

standard

in

narcoentertainment

Sources

Nagai

N

Studies

on

the

components

of

Ephedraceae

in

herb

medicine

Yakugaku

Zasshi

Owen

F

No

Speed

Limit

The

Highs

and

Lows

of

Meth

St

Martins

Griffin

US

Department

of

Justice

National

Drug

Intelligence

Center

National

Drug

Threat

Assessment

Albouy

Dominique

EtemadMoghadam

Guita

Vinatoru

Mircea

Koenig

Max

Regenerative

role

of

the

red

phosphorus

in

the

couple

HIaqPred

Journal

of

Organometallic

Chemistry

Ogata

A

Constitution

of

ephedrine

Desoxyephedrine

Journal

of

the

Pharmaceutical

Society

of

Japan

Uncle

Fester

Secrets

of

Methamphetamine

Manufacture

Edition

Loompanics

Unlimited

Freeh

L

LargeScale

Methamphetamine

Manufacture

Reductive

Amination

of

through

Catalytic

Hydrogenation

Using

Adams

Catalyst

httpswwwerowidorgarchiverhodiumchemistry

Allen

A

Cantrell

TS

Synthetic

Reductions

in

Clandestine

Amphetamine

and

Methamphetamine

Laboratories

A

Review

Forensics

Science

International

Frank

RS

The

Clandestine

Drug

Laboratory

Situation

in

the

United

States

Journal

of

Forensic

Science

Stevenson

M

Perez

A

Mexico

Meth

Bust

Army

Finds

Tons

Of

Pure

Methamphetamine

Huffington

Post

Maxwell

JC

Breecht

ML

Methamphetamine

here

we

go

again

Addictive

Behaviors

Koop

DW

Pseudoephedrine

Crackdown

Forces

Mexican

Meth

Cartels

To

Go

Back

To

Basics

Huffington

Post

Kozma

D

Fogassy

E

Optical

Resolution

of

Methamphetamine

by

OODibenzoylRRTartaric

Acid

in

DichloroethaneWaterMethanol

Solvent

System

Synthetic

Communications

Nichols

DE

Barfknecht

CF

Rusterholz

DB

Benington

F

Morin

RD

Asymmetric

synthesis

of

psychotomimetic

phenylisopropylamines

Journal

of

Medicinal

Chemistry

Windahl

KL

McTigue

MJ

Pearson

JR

Pratt

SJ

Rowe

JE

Sear

EM

Investigation

of

the

impurities

found

in

methamphetamine

synthesized

from

pseudoephedrine

by

reduction

with

hydriodic

acid

and

red

phosphorus

Forensic

Science

International

Leinwand

D

DEA

Flavored

meth

use

on

the

rise

USA

TODAY

Zachariah

H

Drug

suspects

dye

crack

cocaine

green

for

St

Patricks

Day

The

Columbus

Dispatch

httpwwwdispatchcomcontentstorieslocal

US

Department

of

Justice

Drug

Enforcement

Administration

Microgram

Bulletin

July

El

Paso

Intelligence

Center

Tactical

Bulletins

Team

Bulletin

Blue

Meth

httppublicintelligencenetelpasointelligece

More

about

meth

Austeritys

Drug

of

Choice

Breaking

Bad

May

as

Well

Be

Set

in

China

Meth

Heads

Are

Robbing

Peoples

Graves

I

Love

Meth

Tagged

japan

METH

BREAKING

BAD

america

history

Chemistry

Jessie

Walter

Vice

Blog

Uncle

Fester

Nagai

Nagayoshi

O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O

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