2018 Mercury Marine 50 hp 4stroke EFI Command Thrust SAVE OVER 1700 NEW ENGINE WITH FACTORY WARANTY THRU 6302021 579900 Get A Quote Trade Value Get Financing Contact Us Send To A Friend SAVE OVER 1700 NEW ENGINE WITH FACTORY WARRANTY THRU 6302021 2018 Mercury Marine FourStroke 50 HP EFI Command Thrust PLEASE CONTACT FOR AVAILABILITY SAVE OVER 1500 ON THIS NEW MERCURY 50 EFI 4STROKE COMMAND THRUST OUTBOARD This is a brand new engine with a factory warranty thru 6302021 Engine features 4cylinder 4stroke engine with EFI electric start remote steering power trim and tilt Command Thrust gearcase and shaft length designed for boats with 20 transoms The engine does NOT include a control box throttleshift cables key switch propeller or dealer prepinstallation Item and price are good for a limited time or while supplies last and includes Leaders RPMs Preferred Customer Program call for details This is a BRAND NEW unit with balance of manufacturers warranty Price includes dealer discounts PLUS any factorytodealer rebates Competitive financing rates and terms are also available Delivery is available and trades will be considered Price is plus sales taxfees Price is subject to availability and may change without notice Leaders RPM is one of the largest marine and powersports dealers in the Midwest with over 70000 square feet of showroom parts and service under one roof located in Kalamazoo MI Additional photos and video are available at wwwleadersrpmcom For more information please call toll free 8665721051 Sale Price 579900 Location Kalamazoo Michigan Condition New Stock Number NMO810 Year 2018 Make Mercury Marine Model 50 hp 4stroke EFI Command Thrust Weight 260 lbs Recommendations 2018 Mercury Marine 50 hp 4stroke EFI 2018 Mercury Marine 60 hp 4stroke EFI 2018 Mercury Marine 115 hp 4stroke EFI 2017 Mercury Marine 25 hp 4stroke Price if shown does not include government fees

O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Blood Type A Diet Recipes The blood type diet is based on avoiding foods that have an adverse impact and embracing those that are beneficial When choosing recipes for type A it becomes essential to select those with ingredients consistent with these considerations Based on the work by Dr Peter DAdamo called Eat Right 4 Your Type the blood type diet focuses more on overall health than weight loss or portion control According to DAdamo type A evolved during the transition from huntergatherer to primarily agrarian societies The ideal type A diet therefore is vegetarian and based on utilizing nutrients in carbohydraterich foods credit JupiterimagesBananaStockGetty Images Woman shopping at farmers market Ingredients to Embrace credit Tay JnrDigital VisionGetty Images Woman rinsing veggies Vegetables are essential to the type A diet With the exception of a few that can irritate the type A stomach potatoes sweet potatoes yams cabbage tomatoes and peppers a wide variety of vegetables can be consumed Garlic onions broccoli carrots collard greens kale pumpkin and spinach are essentially beneficial for the type A immune system while artichoke dandelion greens Swiss chard sprouts tempeh and tofu provide essential nutrition While type A should avoid meat some seafood is beneficial Other good sources of protein include black beans pinto beans and peanuts Berries cherries and pineapples are beneficial fruits Ingredients to Avoid credit JupiterimagesComstockGetty Images Man eating yogurt Type A should eschew most animalderived foods At the top of this list is dairy products like cheese and milk which are not well digested by type A Meat should be avoided though turkey and chicken are at least neutral Of the legumes the relatively few type A should avoid are Brazil nuts cashews pistachios and pinto garbanzo and navy beans Type A thrives on most grains but should favor whole natural grains over processed foods like flour pasta and bread Bananas coconuts and melons are foods that are more difficult for type A to digest Spices credit Blue Jean ImagesDigital VisionGetty Images Garlic When flavoring foods type A is best served with garlic ginger and soy sauce Blackstrap molasses is a good sweetener that provides essential iron from a vegetarian source Most processed condiments like mayonnaise and ketchup should be avoided because of indigestibility as should pepper vinegar and pickled vegetables Show Comments

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Refer a Friend Previous Next 1 Create free account select a match 2 Select your team from the pool 3 Join league win cash prizes Play Fantasy Games Register for a free account and start playing Select a series and a match in that to view all the competitions Win Leagues Online Select the players you want from a list of players available Select your captain vicecaptain to get bonus points Quick Cash Withdrawls Enjoy easy cash withdrawls after onetime account verification LeagueAdda is a great site because it gives users real time experience I have received all my prizes till date and hence its a trustable site too I will continue to play at LeagueAdda LeagueAdda provides haslte free platform for cricket lovers to challange friends and win great cash prizes Great fun playing here OMG First Orkut then FB Now LeagueAdda i mean im gettting addicted to LeagueAdda Spending hours here in LeagueAdda and love to play here I enjoy playing at Leagueadda won many LeaguesI could make money with my cricket knowledge and skill WOW Feels good to be a part of LeagueAdda Best part is the spontaneous update of points and i havent noticed any fraud activity till now As I am a cricket lover playing on LeagueAdda excites me even more I have never faced any issue with withdrawal I enjoy playing in League Adda I could make money with my cricket knowledge and skillsWon around 10k playing here What is Fantasy Sports Daily Fantasy Cricket Football and Kabaddi Join Fantasy Games Leagues Play and Win Real Cash Prizes Online Is Fantasy Sports Legal in India

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Our Menu Parmesan Crusted Fish Parmesan Crusted Fish Feed Your Phenomenal Nutrition Basics Calories 290 Fat 7g Fiber 3g Protein 15g Sodium 570mg Carbohydrates 42g FULL NUTRITION FACTS INGREDIENTS FIND SIMILAR DISHES

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Games Action Games Online Stickman fighting game free Electricman 2 Stickman Fighting Game Electricman 2 Rating 94 10 241446 votes Electricman 2 is an addicting fighting game for teens where your ultimate goal is to become the Undisputed Stickman Fighting Champion This fast and furious game will have you hooked from the very first bout Users battle through the Tournament of Voltagen against a host of enemies before finally coming up against the current Champion who has still never been beaten Do you have what it takes to overthrow the Champ Guide your Electric Stickman through each round using any number of martial arts street fighting and superhuman powers to wipe out your opponents This is not your average fighting game your very own customized Stickman is capable of amazing fighting abilities including slowmotion bullettime special moves Ready to shock your opponents and take the top prize Stick Fighter Good luck How to Play First you have to create your custom Stickman to enter the Tournament You must pick a name give your Stickman a color and pick a level of difficulty Now its time to get going Choose which opponent you want to fight first and get ready Heres how to control your Stickman with your computer keyboard Left Arrow Run Left Right Arrow Run Right Down Arrow Dodge A Punch moves S Kick moves D GrabThrow moves Q Slowmotion punch moves W Slowmotion kick moves E Slowmotion grabthrow moves Keep an eye on your life and battery meters in the top left corner of the game screen The life meter will go down as you get hit The battery meter is different The slow motion moves are super cool and effective but they will cost you battery points If your battery runs out you wont be able to use them but dont worry your battery recharges itself After each fight you receive a Save Code Keep this code to use if you want to return to the Tournament later and still have all your progress Ready to go Lets If this Flashbased game no longer works on IE11 on your PC MAC try playing on Chrome or Firefox browser Your browser window width is too small or your screen resolution is too low for this game to load here To play you need to increase your browser window size or use a higher resolution for your screen Rate This Game Love It 89 7 Not 4 Me 4 Some helpful links to share include Top 100 Games Top New Games Latest Games Enjoy

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CBSE Notes for Class 12 Accountancy CBSE Notes for Class 12 Accountancy PART I Accounting for NotforProfit Organisation Accounting for Partnership Basic Concepts Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm Admission of a Partner Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm RetirementDeath of a Partner Dissolution of Partnership Firm PART II Accounting for Share Capital Issue and Redemption of Debentures Financial Statements of a Company Analysis of Financial Statements Accounting Ratios Cash Flow Statement Advertisements

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Content By Unit Content By Type Online Textbook PDFs Videos Interactive Labs Visuals Scientists Professional Development Guide Glossary Interactive Labs Ecology Lab OPEN SIMULATOR Overview Lessons The Producers Challenge Step 1 Step 2 For Your Consideration Food Web Challenge Step 1 Step 2 For Your Consideration HELP Overview As you learned in Unit 4 ecosystems are a complex and delicate balancing game The addition or removal of one species affects many other species with which it might compete for or provide food In this lab you will get a chance to build your own ecosystem and explore the effects of these interrelationships Download the Data Table to keep a record of your data Using This Site Site Map Home Catalog About Us Search Contact Us Annenberg Foundation 2017 All rights reserved Legal Policy

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Welcome to Lee Van Sales Family Run Business 60 years in Shepperton We are a long established family run business based at our current premises in Shepperton for over 60 years formerly trading as George Lee Motor Sales We specialise in the sale of quality low mileage one owner light commercials We stock most popular makes and models small medium and large at competitive prices All vehicles are carefully selected by ourselves enabling you the customer to buy with confidence All vehicles are presented to a high standard fully valeted and inspected in our own workshops with a new MOT where applicable prior to sale And include our own 3 month or 3000 miles which ever is sooner warranty Extended warranties are available for 6 12 24 months Part exchange is welcome on all vehicles finance and leasing can be arranged If you dont see the vehicle you are looking for please contact us we will be pleased to help View Now FORD TRANSIT CUSTOM 10995 View Now MERCEDES VITO 13495 View Now FORD TRANSIT CUSTOM 12995 View Vans Quality Used Vans Finance Get Approved Today Services All repairs and MOTs

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Search Bridgewater Connecticut Obituaries ATTRIBUTION Home United States Connecticut Bridgewater Recent Bridgewater Obituaries Madeline Gale Lillis Funeral Home Send Flowers Grace M Capozziello Lillis Funeral Home Send Flowers Richard Campbell Lillis Funeral Home Send Flowers Pauline Randall Send Flowers Timothy D Shook Send Flowers Vivian Wolf Send Flowers Carol Ronan Brookfield Funeral Home Send Flowers Jane Becker Lillis Funeral Home Send Flowers Grace Meddaugh Send Flowers Jean Docktor Lillis Funeral Home Send Flowers John Dowling Lillis Funeral Home Send Flowers Maureen A Wright Brookfield Funeral Home Send Flowers Howard Grabel Lillis Funeral Home Send Flowers Dorothy Gustafson Send Flowers Rose M Shortelle Send Flowers Dorothy Gustafson Hull Funeral Home Danbury Send Flowers Local Bridgewater Funeral Homes Search Obituaries from more than 25000 funeral homes Updated Daily View All Funeral Homes in Connecticut Local Bridgewater Newspapers Connecticut Post Fairfield Citizen Litchfield County Times New Milford Spectrum Register Citizen The NewsTimes View Sympathy Flowers from Bridgewater Florists Bridgewater Last Name Directory A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z About Bridgewater Search the largest collection of Bridgewater obituaries and condolences hosted by Legacycom in partnership with funeral homes and newspapers Legacycom also allows users to send sympathy flowers directly to Bridgewater funeral homes

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Results for dolores chapman 19 Results Dolores Marie CHAPMAN February 4 1928 November 14 2018 Glendora CA Services By Oakdale Mortuary Dolores Lacroix Chapman Bennington VT Dolores Justine Chapman May 7 1929 July 29 2017 88 years old Seattle WA Services By HowdenKennedy Funeral Home Dolores J Chapman January 23 1929 April 27 2017 Scarborough Ontario Services By Jerrett Funeral Homes Dolores Chapman 90 years old Lincoln IL Services By FrickeCalvertSchrader Funeral Home Send Sympathy Flowers in Remembrance of Dolores Chapman Dolores CHAPMAN Lincoln IL Services By FrickeCalvertSchrader Funeral Home Dolores CHAPMAN Lincoln IL Services By FrickeCalvertSchrader Funeral Home Dolores E Chapman September 7 1951 March 9 2015 63 years old Albuquerque NM Dolores E Chapman Albuquerque NM Services By Riverside Funeral Home Dolores Chapman Toledo OH Dolores Evelyn Chapman Cape Coral FL Services By Affordable Cremations and Horizon Funeral Home Ft Myers Dolores Chapman Kalamazoo MI Dolores Sizemore Chapman Louisville KY Dolores Starkey Chapman Dolores Dee Chapman Bartlesville OK Dolores Chapman Mesa AZ Dolores Y Chapman Ellensburg WA Dolores Chapman Fort Myers FL Dolores Chapman Fort Myers FL

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Selling and marketing Types of Business organisations Business and company names Charities and voluntary sector Competition law Contract and tort Data protection Employment law Finance and funding Health and Safety at Work Insurance and risk management Intellectual property Law Lawmakers and Lawyers Money laundering regulation Regulated businesses Regulated products Selling and Marketing Starting a business Special subjects TAX Case list Legislation list Latest Legaleze news Glossary Legaleze Direct services Legaleze Member services Admin Children and young persons Introduction In the case of children and young persons the law imposes certain restrictions and gives a degree of protection Different legislation applies in England and Wales Northern Ireland and Scotland The age of majority and the legal age of capacity to enter into contracts is 18 in England and Wales and Northern Ireland and 16 in Scotland The Age of Legal Capacity Scotland Act 1991 subject to a degree of protection for under 18s Under specific legislation there are certain products and services the supply of which in the UK is restricted to persons over a certain age Where the goods or services may only be supplied to persons over 18 the age restriction will override the general law of majority so this has particular relevance in Scotland England and Wales and Northern Ireland A person attains full age on attaining the age of 18 in England and Wales Family Law Reform Act 1969 s11 and in Northern Ireland Age of Majority Act Northern Ireland 1969 The legislation refers to a person who is not of full age as a minor instead of as an infant In this section the term minor although some legislation eg the Children Act 1989 uses the term child At common law a contract with a minor is generally voidable ie cancellable at the instance of the minor although it is binding upon the other party Exceptions to this rule are contracts for necessaries and certain other contracts such as contracts of service and apprenticeship if they are clearly for the minors benefit Such types of contract are valid and binding upon a minor In such cases the question to be judged is whether the contract is or is not on the whole beneficial at the date when it is made see below Contracts which are obviously prejudicial to a minor are wholly void ie not legally effective In general a minor can not give a valid receipt or a valid release of a legal claim but a married minor or a minor who has formed a civil partnership has power to give valid receipts for all income to which he is entitled in the same way as if he were of full age If a contract is unenforceable against the minor or he repudiates it because he was a minor when the contract was made the other party may still have legal rights arising out of the contract The fact that the contract does not bind the minor does not of itself entitle the minor to recover the value of benefits which have been conferred by the minor on the other party to the contract A minor who wishes to recover money paid under a contract which he has elected to avoid can only do so where he can show that there has Where a minor has obtained a loan or incurred a debt by a fraudulent misrepresentation as to his being of age he can not be sued for it at common law but he may have to make restitution under the rules of equity In addition the court has power to require the minor to transfer to the other party any property acquired by the minor under the contract or any property representing it The court will only do so if it finds that it is just and equitable Minors Contracts Act 1987 Scotland The Age of Legal Capacity Scotland Act 1991 c50 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom applicable only in Scotland which replaced the preexisting rule of pupillage and minority with a simpler rule that a person has full legal capacity at the age of 16 Under the previous Scots law derived from Roman law a child to the age of 12 if female or 14 if male had legal status of pupil and was under legal control of an adult usually parent or parents referred to as the tutor From that age until the age of majority the child had legal status of a minor and might have a responsible adult deemed curator or have no responsible adult The Scottish age of majority was originally 21 until reduced to 18 by the Age of Majority Scotland Act 1969 Pupils lacked any capacity to enter into Under the Age Legal Capacity Scotland Act 1991 the old rules and terms were replaced The basic rule under the replacement regime is that under 16s have no legal capacity However minors under 16 may enter into a contract of a kind commonly entered into by persons of their age group and on terms which are not unreasonable In all other cases the legal Guardian of the under 16 has legal right to deal with all contractual and consent matters on the childs behalf From age 16 a person has full legal capacity to enter into any form of agreement This is subject to protection for younger persons by means of a right while under the age of 21 to have a contract made between the ages of 16 and 18 set aside as a prejudicial transaction The test is whether a reasonably prudent adult would not have entered into such a contract and the person has been prejudiced by entering into that contract A contract may be approved in advance by a court in which case it can not later be reduced Contracts Selling goods and services to a minor United Kingdom Voidable contract As with any other type of contract a minor ie person under the age of 18 in England and Wales and Northern Ireland and under 16 in Scotland lacks legal capacity to enter into a contract to purchase goods or services At common law the minor but not the other party may therefore avoid or cancel the contact However if the supplier has performed the contract and the minor has received the benefit of the goods or services under the rules of equity the court will only allow the contract to be reversed if the minor can restore the supplier to the position he was in before the contract In the case of goods this might be possible but not if the goods were specially made or perishable In the case of services it is difficult to see how the services could be returned Under the Minors Contracts Act 1987 if a minor avoids a contract the court may if it is just and equitable to do so require the minor to transfer to the supplier any property acquired by the minor under the contract or any property representing it Binding contracts As an exception to the general rule a contract will be binding on the minor if it is a a a contract for necessaries or analogous to a contract of employment apprenticeship or education and b beneficial to the minor Sale of goods which are necessaries A minor is bound to pay for necessaries supplied to him under a contract In the case of goods necessaries means goods suitable to the condition of life of the minor and to his actual requirements at the time of sale and delivery The minor is bound to pay a reasonable price for the necessaries not necessarily the actual price Sale of Goods Act 1979 s3 Necessaries are not defined in the Sale of Goods Act However the leading case over a hundred years old now held that necessaries are those things without which a person can not reasonably exist and include food clothing lodging education or training in a trade and essential services The condition of life of the minor means his social status and his wealth What is regarded as necessary for the minor residing in a stately home may be unnecessary for the resident of a council flat Whatever the minors status the goods must be suitable to his actual requirements Nash v Inman 1908 2 KB 1 CA sale of fancy waistcoats to a minor who the court found already had enough held they were not necessaries Contracts for the supply of services or analogous to contracts of employment apprenticeship or education Where a contract is for teaching instruction and employment it has been held to be for necessaries Case law examples include Roberts v Gray 1913 KB 520 CA a minor was held liable for his failure to perform a contract for a tour with the plaintiff a noted billiards player It was a contract for the instruction of the minor The court ruled that the contract was binding on him from its formation Chaplin v Leslie Frewin Publishers Limited 1966 Ch71 a minor entered into a contract with a publisher for the publication of a ghostwritten biography of the minor the contract was held to be for necessaries Doyle v White City Stadium Limited 1935 1 KB 110 a minor agreed to be bound by the regulations of the national boxing governing body which allowed him to earn a living as a professional boxer Denmark Productions Limited v Boscobel Productions Limited 1967 111 Solicitors Journal 715 a contract between a group of underage musicians the Kinks and their manageragent was held to be analogous to a contract of employment If the court considers that the contract with the minor was not for necessaries or not beneficial to him the court will not enforce the contract Examples include De Francesco v Barnum 45 Ch D 430 1889 a female aged 14 years old had an agreement to train as a dancer on stage the contract bound the girl for seven years were required not to marry and had no guarantee that she would be provided with work The court held that the contract was held invalid Shears v Mendeloff 1914 30 TLR 342 a contract between an underage professional boxer and his manager in which it was provided that the boxer could not take any engagements under any other management for three years was held to be a trading contract and not one for necessaries Proform Sports Management Ltd v Proactive Sports Management Ltd and another 2006 EWHC 2903 Ch the football player Wayne Rooney at age 15 already with Everton FC entered into an exclusive two year representation agreement with Proform Under the rules of the Football Association he could not sign a professional playing contract with a club until he turned 17 Although he would turn 17 in the last few months of his agreement with Proform the court found that Rooney did not need to enter into a professional playing contract in that period Further Rooney did not require the services of an agent to enter into a professional playing contract in any event Therefore Rooneys agreement Page created 14062015 Back to Selling and Marketing See also Age restricted products and services

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O B I I I O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Breadcrumb Navigation You are here Home North Dakota Districts 20132022 District 17 District 17 Population Statistics District 17 Map 66th Assembly Regular Senator Ray Holmberg Senate Republican Representative Mark S Owens House Republican Representative Mark Sanford House Republican 65th Assembly Regular Senator Ray Holmberg Senate Republican Representative Mark S Owens House Republican Representative Mark Sanford House Republican 64th Assembly Regular Senator Ray Holmberg Senate Republican Representative Mark S Owens House Republican Representative Mark Sanford House Republican 64th Assembly Special Session Senator Ray Holmberg Senate Republican Representative Mark S Owens House Republican Representative Mark Sanford House Republican 63rd Assembly Regular Senator Ray Holmberg Senate Republican Representative Mark S Owens House Republican Representative Mark Sanford House Republican View Larger Interactive Map

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4 Tips for Bumper Sticker Removal Where to Beat the Summer Heat in Cary 5 Places Near Cary to See Fall Foliage Aug 25 2016 The trees in and around Cary North Carolina produce some beautiful colors in the fall Whether you like to take a drive to see the fall foliage or you would rather walk around to take it all in here are some of the best places to see the bright colors in the Cary area South Mountain State Park South Mountain State Park pictured above is a little bit of a drive from the Cary area but well worth the 3hour trip With 18000 acres this is the largest state park in North Carolina and also one of the least visited There are several waterfalls in the park to add to the beautiful fall views and since the park has and elevation of 3000 the fall colors start early There are 40 miles of trails for views of the mixed hardwoods in the forest Uwharrie National Forest The Uwharrie National Forest covers 50000 acres over several counties The Uwharrie Mountains offer beautiful colors in the fall with the trees turning shades of red yellow and orange The large number of oak and hickory trees contribute to the bright colors If you are up for a hike the 72 mile Robbins BranchBirkhead MountainsHannahs Creek loop is a nice day trip that follows ridgelines for beautiful views Raven Rock State Park Less than and an hour from Cary youll find Raven Rock State Park This is a popular destination for people looking for views of the foliage A flat trail leads to a 150foot bluff that overlooks the Cape Fear River with an abundance of hardwood trees that show off their colorful leaves in the fall This area tends to attract large crowds so keep in mind you will have to share the views with many others along the way Hanging Rock State Park Just over two hours from Cary Hanging Rock State Park looks like an ant hill when the colors are in full bloom There is a 1mile walk to the best views with 360 degrees of colorful mountains Look to the west and check out the Blue Ridge Mountains or to the east to see Piedmont The northern views offer a look at George Washington National Forest where youll find bright shades of orange and yellow in the autumn months Medoc Mountain State Park Medoc Mountain State Park is near Hollister in Halifax County This area has a large number of sweet gum trees river birch and alder that turn shades of red and yellow in the fall This mix of hardwoods along with the greens produce beautiful views The park has a campground with sites for RVs so you can spend the weekend relaxing and hiking the trails and there are miles of bridle trails for those who would like to see the views while they ride North Carolina has hundreds of acres of national forest and mountain ranges where hardwood trees show their beautiful colors in the fall Many of these mountain ranges are within a short drive from Cary so you make a day trip out of it Image via Pixabay Posted in Lifestyle No Comments Connect with us Categories Car Car Safety Cary Nissan Dealer Cary Nissan Service Cary Used Cars Leith Nissan of Cary Service Lifestyle Contact Us First Name Last Name Email Address Phone Number Comments

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Childhood Obesity Vol 14 No S1 Childhood Obesity Declines Project National Collaborative on Childhood Obesity Research NCCOR Guest Editors Deborah YoungHyman PhD and Laura Kettel Khan PhD The Childhood Obesity Declines Project A Review of Enacted Policies Carrie Dooyema Jan Jernigan Amy Lowry Warnock Nicola DawkinsLyn Carole Harris Tina Kauh Laura Kettel Khan Phyllis Ottley and Deborah YoungHyman Published Online 1 Mar 2018 httpsdoiorg101089chi20180021 Sections Tools Share Abstract Background State and locallevel policies can influence childrens diet quality and physical activity PA behaviors The goal of this article is to understand the enacted state and local policy landscape in four communities reporting declines in childhood obesity Methods and Results Statelevel policies were searched within the CDCs online Chronic Disease State Policy Tracking System Local level policies were captured during key informant interviews in each of the sites Policies were coded by setting ie early care and education ECE also known as child care school community jurisdictional level ie state or local and policy type ie legislation or regulation The time period for each site was unique capturing enacted policies 5 years before the reported declines in childhood obesity in each of the communities A total of 39 policies were captured across the 4 sites The majority originated at the state level Two policies pertaining to ECE documented during key informant interviews were found to be adopted at the local level Conclusion Similarities were noted between the four communities in the types of polices enacted All four communities had state andor locallevel policies that aimed to improve the nutrition environment and increase opportunities for PA in both the ECE and K12 school settings This article is a step in the process of determining what may have contributed to obesity declines in the selected communities Background The socialecological model SEM is a framework that recognizes the interwoven relationship between individuals and their environment The SEM describes layers of public policy organizational community individual and interpersonal factors that may affect behavior and influence the health of individuals and communities 1 Community health determinants often involves assets such as access to healthy and affordable food safe housing and community design that promotes active living Public policy decisions which form the outer layer of the SEM can have a profound effect on these issues Policy is also an important lever in addressing childhood obesity 2 3 In this article we describe enacted state and local policies that may have influenced childrens nutrition and physical activity PA environments in four selected communities Anchorage Alaska Granville County North Carolina New York City New York and Philadelphia Pennsylvania Each of these communities experienced small yet significant declines in childhood obesity prevalence from 2003 to 2011 47 Methods The Childhood Obesity Declines COBD Project involved systematically exploring factors that may have contributed to reported significant declines in childhood obesity in Anchorage Alaska Granville County North Carolina New York City New York and Philadelphia Pennsylvania The method was exploratory and attempted to capture retrospectively strategies that occurred in these communities along with contextual factors that may have influenced community initiatives programs or policies A complete description of the COBD methodology is contained in the article by Kettel Khan et al 8 however a brief description is contained in this study The COBD Team used an adaptation of the Systematic Screening and Assessment SSA 9 This included developing a set of inclusionexclusion criteria to select the four sites from a pool of possible jurisdictions with documented declines in childhood obesity a retrospective review of the strategies reported to be present during the period of the obesity decline through an online survey called the Inventory of Strategies and performing site visits and interviews with key informants The final product of the COBD were site visit summaries which outline findings from the key informant interviews in each site and are available at wwwnccororgprojectsobesitydeclines National state and local policies are one of the tactics to influence childrens diet quality and PA behaviors Given that all sites in this review would have been exposed equally to nationallevel policy this article has limited its focus to state and locallevel policies All enacted policies that impact specific settings known to influence childrens diet quality and PA behaviors were reviewed For this article since the impact of policies may take some time to occur and we wanted to focus on relatively recent changes in the communitys policy environment we captured newly enacted policies in the 5 years before 10 In Anchorage Alaska declines were seen between 2003 and 2011 thus the study period for Anchorage was 1998 to 2011 In Granville County North Carolina declines were seen between 2005 and 2010 thus the study period for was 20002010 In New York City the declines occurred between 2006 and 2011 thus the study period was 20012011 Finally the declines in Philadelphia were noted between 2006 and 2010 thus the study period was 2001 to 2010 The CDCs online Chronic Disease State Policy Tracking System uses a systematic process to identify legislative and administrative regulations from all 50 states and the District of Columbia by applying search strings to national legal search engines 11 This systematic process is documented in the State Legislative and Regulatory Action to Prevent Obesity and Improve Nutrition and Physical Activity methodology report 12 The database contains over 6000 statelevel policies including legislative and regulatory actions related to chronic disease prevention and health promotion Users are able to apply filters to narrow their search to include the specific settings that a bill or legislation affects such as early care and education ECE community medical retail school or workplace Users can also select various policy topics and key words such as nutrition PA and obesity and filter by year and status introduced enacted dead and vetoed of bills and regulations For this article our search was limited to enacted policies that impacted the ECE and Currently there is not a publically available national database that systematically collects local policies enacted by municipal governments across the United States To identify relevant locallevel policies enacted at the local or state level in each of the four communities the project team used the COBD Inventory which was sent to stakeholders before their site visit and asked about their knowledge of policies enacted at the local level This information was verified during site visit interviews with key informants All policies were coded using the following categories setting ie ECE school and community child obesity taskforce jurisdictional level ie state or local and type ie nutrition and PA standards in ECE or schools appropriated funding task force on childhood obesity and measurement of fitness or BMI screening The categories used in this project were informed by the work of Eyler et al who has done previous work on the enactment of state childhood obesity legislative actions in the United States 13 This policy review describes the various types of policies enacted and any similarities or differences identified across the four communities In a second companion article by Jernigan et al we provide examples of communitylevel activities initiatives and programs that may have supported or reinforced statelevel policies 14 Results A total of 39 policies were captured across the 4 sites with the majority 3739 originating at the state level whereas 2 policies pertaining to the ECE setting were adopted at the local level through licensing or administrative regulatory activity during the respective study periods Table 1 and 3 provide a description of state and locallevel policies by community In Anchorage Alaska there were 5 policies noted between 1998 and 2011 In Granville County North Carolina 14 policies related to child nutrition and PA were enacted in that state between 2001 and 2010 The state of New York and the jurisdiction of New York City had 12 policies related to obesity prevention and treatment nutrition and PA between 2001 and 2011 Finally in Philadelphia Pennsylvania there were 8 policies that identified all affecting the school and ECE settings from 2001 to 2011 Table 1 Summary of Policy Categories Enacted at the State and Local Level by Jurisdiction Enacted statelevel policies 20002012 Anchorage AK Granville County NC New York City NY Philadelphia PA ECE nutrition and physical activity Appropriated funds for nutrition physical activity childhood obesity Childhood obesity task forcecommitteestudy or program Fitness or BMI measurement School nutrition and physical activity Farm to school Total No of areas 4 5 6 5 Enacted locallevel policies 20002012 Anchorage AK Granville County NC New York City NY Philadelphia PA ECE ECE early care and education Table 2 Summary of Enacted State Policies by Year and Jurisdiction Year State Type Bill Topic area Brief summary 2007 Alaska Regulation Administrative CodeAlaska Child Care Facilities Licensing 7 AAC 57560 and 57520 ECE nutrition Requires child care provides to meet nutritional requirements for meals and snacks 2010 Alaska Legislation Alaska Bill H70 Farm to school Establishes a farm to school program in the Department of Natural Resources with provisions related to school gardens greenhouses and farms 2010 Alaska Regulation Alaska Admin Code Citation 4 AAC 04140 School physical activity Establishes new regulations concerning PE standards 2011 Alaska Legislation Alaska Bill S46 Appropriations Makes and amends appropriations including capital appropriations for improvement of school playgrounds gyms park renovations sports field development trail rehabilitation and bicycle and pedestrian facilities 2004 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill SB1152 Task Force CommitteeStudyProgram Concerns the Healthy Studies Act of 2004 the Joint Legislative Education Oversight Committee may study school nutrition and opportunities for physical activity to keep children healthy 2004 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill HB1414 Appropriations Appropriates funds for institutes agencies including school nutrition 2005 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill S961 School nutrition Establishes a statewide standard for vending products sold during the school day as recommended by the study committee for childhood overweightobesity of the Health and Wellness Trust Fund 2005 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H855 School nutrition Directs the Board of Education to establish statewide nutrition standards for school meals a la carte foods and beverages 2007 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H1473 Appropriations Makes expansion and base budget appropriations for current operations of state departments institutions and agencies directs the Board of Education to establish statewide nutrition standards for school meals a la carte foods and beverages 2007 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H2437 Appropriations Task Force CommitteeStudyProgram Makes continuing appropriations and extends budgets provides funding to establish a state Task Force on Childhood Obesity to undertake strategic planning in six strategic areas including nutrition and physical activity 2008 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H2431 BMI screeningmeasurement of PE Requires the State Board of Education study the current status of K12 PE student BMI data and nutrition and physical activity knowledge and behaviors 2009 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill S1067 School nutrition Establishes the Sustainable Local Food Advisory Council to assess foods served under school breakfastlunch programs and the possibility of promoting urban and backyard gardens 2009 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H1471 School physical activity Directs the State Board of Education to encourage Local Boards of Education to enter into agreements regarding joint use of facilities for physical activity 2009 North Carolina Regulation 10A NCAC 09 00102 00302 00304 00501 0050800511 00604 00606 0070100702 00802 00901 01403 ECE nutrition and physical activity Clarifies rules regarding childrens health and nutrition by enriching outdoor activities stipulates screen time limits for children 2 2010 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H1757 BMI screeningfitness testing Directs Board of Education to develop guidelines for schools to use evidencebased fitness testing for students in grades K8 as recommended by the Legislative Task Force on Childhood Obesity 2010 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H901 School nutrition Directs Board of Education to developidentify academically rigorous honorslevel courses in healthful living education that can be offered at high school level 2010 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill H1726 ECE nutrition Requires Child Care Commission to develop improved nutrition standards for ECE facilities to study and recommend guidelines for increased levels of physical activity in ECE facilities to examine and make recommendations for improving nutrition standards in ECE facilities 2010 North Carolina Legislation North Carolina Bill S1152 Task Force CommitteeStudyProgram Authorizes the Joint Legislative Program Evaluation Oversight Committee to direct the Program Evaluation Division to study indirect costs under child nutrition programs in local school administrative units 2001 New York Legislation New York Bill A7199 Task Force CommitteeStudyProgram Enacts the Obesity Prevention Act authorizes a research study related to obesity prevention and treatment 2002 New York Legislation New York Bill S4886 Farm to school Requires the establishment of a Farm to School program encourages use of farmfresh food in schools and promotes farmers markets 2003 New York Legislation New York Bill S2045 Task Force CommitteeStudyProgram Establishes the Childhood Obesity Prevention Program within the Department of Health 2003 New York Legislation New York Bill A10057 School physical activity Authorizes the department of transportation to establish and administer the safe routes to school program 2004 New York Legislation New York Bill S6738 Task Force CommitteeStudyProgram Authorizes and encourages every school district to establish a child nutrition advisory committee to study all facets of the current nutritional policies of the district School nutrition 2005 New York Legislation New York Bill S3668 BMIfitness screening Requires screening programs for overweightobesity in institutions including ECE centers and schools for children 218 years of age using BMI 2007 New York Legislation New York Bill S2108 BMIfitness screening Requires a health certificate given to students in public schools that include the students BMI and weight status category principals will report these scores to the director of school health services 2009 New York Regulation Citation Title 8 NYCRR 1354 Regulatory Body Education Department School PE Amends rule to revise PE instruction requirements for elementary schools establishes qualifications and training of coaches 2009 New York Legislation New York Bill A154 Appropriations Makes appropriations for the support of governmentHealth and Mental Hygiene Budget 2011 New York Legislation New York Bill S587 School physical activity Requires the Chancellor of the NYC School District to compile an inventory of outdoor schoolyards prepare a report on aspects such as condition and use of playgrounds 2011 New York Legislation New York Bill S614 Farmers marketsfarm to school Provides financing for transportation of NY farm products from farmers to retail outlets including farmers markets and schools in urban or underserved areas 2004 Pennsylvania Legislation Pennsylvania Bill HR821 Farm to school Memorializes the United States Congress to pass the FarmToCafeteria Projects Act of 2003 and other projects that assist schools in purchasing locally grown food and expand opportunities for local farms 2005 Pennsylvania Legislation Pennsylvania Bill S1209 Farm to school Provides for the Healthy Farms and Healthy Schools Program Authorizes the establishment of a program to award grants for the purpose of developing programs in kindergarten classes 2005 Pennsylvania Legislation Pennsylvania Bill H185 Task Force CommitteeStudyProgram Amends the Public School Code provides nutritional guidelines for food and beverage sales in schools provides for local wellness policies creates an interagency coordinating council for child health and nutrition School Nutrition 2007 Pennsylvania Legislation Pennsylvania Bill H4141 Appropriations Appropriates money to 1 incorporate obesity prevention programs including nutrition and wellness programs in school curricula and 2 the Childhood Obesity School Nutrition Pilot 2007 Pennsylvania Legislation Amending the Act of March 10 1949 PL30 No 14 School nutrition Requires the establishment of a school nutrition incentive program to provide a supplemental school lunch and breakfast reimbursement to any school that has adopted and implemented the nutritional guidelines for food and beverages available on each school campus 2009 Pennsylvania Regulation Citation 22 PA Code Ch 405 ECE physical activity Amends rules concerning prekindergarten to have participation include time spent in PE 2010 Pennsylvania Legislation Pennsylvania Bill H101 School nutrition Amends the Public School Code of 1949 includes initiatives to promote nutrition and physical activity in children and provisions to publish recommended nutritional guidelines for food and beverages sold in schools 2010 Pennsylvania Legislation Pennsylvania Bill H2279 Appropriations Provides from the general fund for the expenses of the commonwealth includes provisions regarding two Federal government programs farmers market food coupons and Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program Data source CDCs Chronic Disease State Policy Tracking System PE physical education Table 3 Summary of Enacted Local Policies by Year and Jurisdiction Year City Type Bill Topic area Brief summary 2004 City of Anchorage Regulation Anchorage Municipal Code 1655 Child care Licensing revised ECE physical activity Requirements for children in ECE regarding physical activity time intensity and provision of time outdoors 2007 New York City Regulation NY City Health Code 47 Child care Services ECE Nutrition and physical activity Amendments to the NYC health code and enacts regulations affecting licensed ECEs including nutrition physical activity and screen time When assessing enacted policies at the state and local level in each of the four communities analysis was done to identify similarities in the policy landscape between communities experiencing declines in childhood obesity Similarities were noted among the sites in a number of general categories including appropriated funding and policies related to child obesity task forces committees or studies and programs fitness or BMI measurement the ECE setting and school nutrition and PA policies Each of these key categories and examples of site policies are described below Appropriated Funding for Nutrition PA or Obesity Prevention Initiatives A noteworthy finding was that all four sites were located in states that had legislatively appropriated funding to projects programs studies or initiatives to address child obesity including capital and built environment improvements that support safe PA for children and families commissioned studies on childhood obesity funds for institutes agencies or allocates funds for school nutrition Across the sites a total of seven appropriation bills were found that support child nutrition child PA or childhood obesity prevention efforts Policies Related to a Task Force Joint Commission Commissioned Study or Program on Childhood Obesity Recognizing the importance of the childhood obesity epidemic three of four states North Carolina New York Pennsylvania established a joint government commission legislative task force research studies or programs to combat childhood obesity in their state These task forcescommissions studiesprograms were charged with studying recommending or carrying out strategies for addressing the complex problem of childhood obesity by encouraging healthy eating and increased PA among children Many of these state policies included or required the cooperation and coordination of state agencies to facilitate recommendations to prevent and control childhood obesity in their state such as the Pennsylvania bill that directed 2001 Obesity Prevention Act in New York or the North Carolina Healthy Studies Act of 2004 Policies Related to the Measurement of Child Body Mass Index or Fitness Two of the four sites had legislation in which measurement of BMI and child physical fitness were components The New York legislation required students to provide health certificates and required institutions including day care centers and schools to screen children 2 through 18 years of age for overweight and obesity using BMI A related appropriation bill provided funding to assist with this North Carolina had legislation in 2010 that required the State Board of Education to develop guidelines for evidencebased fitness testing for students in public schools statewide in grades kindergarten through 8 Policies Impacting the ECE Setting Nutrition and PA standards All sites had some type of ECE licensing or administrative regulation changes that impacted the foods served to young children andor the amount of PA required for children in the ECE setting For example North Carolina made changes to their Child Care Regulations related to nutrition PA and screen time The changes required meals and snacks in child care centers to comply with nutrient intake guidelines from the USDAs Child and Adult Care Food Program CACFP and further improved the nutrition standards in child care facilities by limiting juice intake and prohibiting soda flavored milk and food that does not 15 Several articles have been written on policy change and the authors conclude that most centers were able to comply with the regulations 16 17 Policies Related to School PA and Nutrition Environments PA requirements Recognizing the importance of PA all sites included some type of statelevel policy change related to PA or PE requirements for schoolaged children From establishing new regulations concerning PE standards in Alaska to specifying the number of PE minutes for children in various grades in New York states took action to increase the amount of time children are physically activeespecially in the school setting New York also had legislation authorizing the establishment and administration of safe routes to school programs Another PA policy strategy is to promote agreements to increase community access for PA North Carolina legislation passed in 2010 Nutrition standards Three out of the four sites had policies related to statelevel legislative action around nutrition standards and policies in schools For example in New York a bill encouraged every school district to establish a child nutrition advisory committee to study all facets of the current nutritional policies of the district In Pennsylvania a bill encouraged nutritional guidelines for food and beverage sales in schools State bills also mentioned establishing statewide standards for vending andor competitive foods sold during the school day to improve the nutritional quality of foods available for children Examples of how these state legislative policies were incorporated 10 Farm to school Three sites enacted a state policy to establish farm to school programs within their state Farm to school programs can facilitate individual school and school district programming by encouraging the use of farmfresh food in schools and providing education about food and agriculture Some of the state policies promoted farmers markets in communities as well such as New York and Pennsylvania Several of the state policies identified either a specific state agency such as Department of Natural Resources or Agriculture to facilitate state farm to school efforts or required that various state agencies work together to support farm to school Conclusion Over the last decade there has been an increased emphasis on public policy actions to combat the childhood obesity epidemic 2 and researchers have documented an increase in the enactment rate of statelevel bills with obesity prevention content between 2003 and 2005 where only 17 of bills were enacted compared with 2006 to 2009 when 27 of bills with obesity prevention content were enacted 13 A report by the National Conference of State Legislators also states there was continued attention in the 20122013 legislative sessions by policy makers to support healthy eating and active living especially among children who are school aged 18 This review provides an opportunity to better understand commonalities in policies enacted between sites At the state level we found multiple policies that directly targeted healthy eating such as farm to school policies and nutrition standards for schools and ECEs We also found policies that targeted PA including increasing PA opportunities and active play in ECEs and statelevel policy actions such as school PE requirements and jointuse agreements We saw commonalities around childhood obesityspecific actions such as the establishment of childhood obesity task forces commissions research studies or programs to combat childhood obesity in their state According to an assessment 19 Finally and very importantly all four states appropriated funds to programs that directly or indirectly addressed childhood obesity At the local level we found two sites implementing policy changes to the nutrition and PA requirements for children in ECE centers through local regulations How communities respond to these state policies may have impacted the outcomes documented in these sites The SEM posits that health is determined by influences at multiple levels eg public policy community organization interpersonal and intrapersonal factors Because significant and dynamic interrelationships exist among these different levels of the SEM implementing changes at various levels of the model may be effective in improving nutrition and PA behaviors and the COBD project documents breadth of state policies seen in each site Companion articles by Jernigan et al 14 and Ottley et al 10 go one step further to document the diverse nature of locallevel activities programs and initiatives that were implemented in these four communities Enacting statelevel polices that improve nutrition and PA for children in schools and ECEs followed by locallevel implementation support may have contributed to the declines reported in these communities The COBD and this policy review are subject to limitations First the policies enacted at the state level were systematically abstracted from a national legal search engine that collects policies from all 50 states and the District of Columbia however it is possible that policies could be missed during the abstraction process We also did not assess the strength or extent of implementation of the legislative activities passed including school meal or PA enactments to see how well they meet recommendations by key groups such as the National Academies of Science and Engineering formerly the IOM Other groups such as 20 have assessed the strength of legislative actions passed at the state level Finally this review did not include more general communitylevel policies pertaining to the physical built environment such as policies related to sidewalks or zoning codes or other communitylevel policies that could also affect obesity A combination of policy enactment and programmatic reinforcements may have worked synergistically to bring about the decline seen in these four communities Federal state and locallevel policies can be a facilitator for community change Furthermore policy strategies as compared with target programs have the potential to impact larger numbers of the population often at a relatively lower cost 21 However further research is needed to better understand which policies have the greatest impact on childhood obesity their costs their possible impact on disparities and how various policies contribute to sustainable community change both individually and when combined with other strategies This project provides one step in understanding from an ecologic perspective the context occurring during a time of measured COBD by documenting those policies that were in place in four communities Acknowledgments The NCCOR is a private and public partnership with the CDC NIH RWJF and USDA that provided technical assistance for this study FHI360 serves as the Coordinating Center for NCCOR ICF served as the lead contractor for the study The authors thank NCCOR members Melissa Abelev Veronica Uzoebo and Ruth Morgan of the Food and Nutrition Service of USDA for participation in the study advisory committee The authors thank the many site key stakeholders for their time and cooperation with interviews and site program documentation and the study site visitors who conducted the interviews and drafted the site summary reports Author Disclosure Statement No author has any commercial associations that might create a conflict of interest and no competing financial interests exist The authors did not report any conflicts of interest or financial disclosures The findings and conclusions of this report are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ICF Inc the National Institutes of Health or Robert Wood Johnson Foundation

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O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

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