Brad Little politician From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia For the actor see Brad Little actor This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification October 2018 This article contains content that is written like an advertisement May 2017 Brad Little Governorelect of Idaho Assuming office January 7 2019 Lieutenant Janice McGeachin elect Succeeding Butch Otter 42nd Lieutenant Governor of Idaho Incumbent Assumed office January 6 2009 Governor Butch Otter Preceded by Jim Risch Succeeded by Janice McGeachin elect Member of the Idaho Senate from the 11th district In office December 1 2002 January 5 2009 Preceded by Patti Anne Lodge Succeeded by Melinda Smyser Member of the Idaho Senate from the 8th district In office May 24 2001 December 1 2002 Preceded by Judy Danielson Succeeded by Skip Brandt Personal details Born February 15 1954 age 64 Emmett Idaho US Political party Republican Spouses Teresa Soulen m 1978 Children 2 sons Education University of Idaho BS Signature Website Government website Campaign website Brad Little born February 15 1954 is the Governorelect of Idaho and currently serving as the 42nd and current lieutenant governor of Idaho since 2009 A member of the Republican Party Little was appointed by Governor Butch Otter to succeed Jim Risch who resigned after election to the United States Senate Prior to his appointment as lieutenant governor Little served in the state senate from 2001 to 2009 where he chaired the majority caucus and represented Legislative Districts 8 and 11 change due to redistricting in 2002 Little won the 2018 gubernatorial election the seventh straight for the Republican party in Idaho Contents 1 Personal life and career 2 State senator 20012009 21 Committee assignments 3 Lieutenant Governor of Idaho 2009present 31 Appointment election and reelection 32 Economic development and trade missions 321 Legislation 4 Governor of Idaho 41 2018 election 5 6 External links Personal life and career Little at his 2011 inauguration with US Senator Jim Risch and their wives Of Scottish descent Little was born in Emmett Idaho was raised on his familys ranch in Emmett and graduated from Emmett High School in 1972 He attended the University of Idaho in Moscow was a member of the Idaho Alpha chapter of Phi Delta Theta fraternity and earned a bachelors degree in agribusiness in 1976 Little married Teresa Soulen of Weiser in May 1978 and they have two sons and five grandchildren Little has had an extensive dual career tending to his familys ranching interests his grandfather was the Idaho Sheep King and in public service During the 1981 and 1985 legislative sessions Little represented his father David Little in the senate on a temporary appointment due to illness during which time he served on the Finance and Resources Committees Little also managed his familys ranching operation Little Land and Livestock for almost thirty years until his son David became manager in 2009 when Little was appointed lieutenant governor He continues to work as the head of Little Enterprises Inc a diversified farming and cattle operation and is currently a member of the board of directors of Performance Design Inc a small Boisebased manufacturing company Little has also been involved in a variety of private organizations and companies based in Idaho and the Mountain West Little is a former chairman of the Idaho Association of Commerce and Industry IACI The Voice of Business in Idaho and was a member of its board for twenty years 19812001 Little is also the former vicechairman of the Idaho Community Foundation and the Emmett Public School Foundation and the former director of the Idaho Wool Growers Association and the University of Idaho Foundation He has also served in the past on the board of directors of Home Federal Bank a small Idahobased regional bank recently acquired by Bank of the Cascades High Country News and the Idaho Foundation for Excellence in Education State senator 20012009 Little was appointed by Governor Dirk Kempthorne to fill a state senate vacancy in May 2001 and represented what was at the time District 8 which covered a part of Gem County surrounding and north of Emmett and all of Boise Valley and Adams counties and the southern portion of Idaho County Following a change in district boundaries due to redistricting in 200102 Little was elected in the fall of 2002 to District 11 which then encompassed all of Gem County and the northern portion of Canyon County including the communities of Middleton and Parma Little was subsequently reelected senator from the 11th legislative district four times Little was also elected in 2003 by his Republican peers to the party leadership position of Majority Caucus Chair which he held until 2009 Committee assignments Agricultural Affairs 2002 Resources and Environment 2002 State Affairs 20032009 Resources Environment 20032009 Transportation 20032009 Economic Outlook Revenue Assessment State Senator from District 11 2002 results Republican Party Votes Pct Republican Party Votes Pct Brad Little 3865 721 Mike Pullin 1498 279 Republican Party Votes Pct Independent Votes Pct Brad Little 8478 762 John Steinebach 2646 238 State Senator from District 11 2004 results Republican Party Votes Pct Republican Party Votes Pct Republican Party Votes Pct Brad Little 3402 6500 Steven Thayn 1398 2671 Walter Bayes 434 829 Republican Party Votes Pct Brad Little 13533 10000 State Senate from District 11 2006 results Republican Party Votes Pct Constitution Party Votes Pct Brad Little 10090 7705 Jared Eastley 3006 2295 State Senate from District 11 2008 results Republican Party Votes Pct Independent Votes Pct Brad Little 14870 775 Kirsten Faith Richardson 4309 225 Lieutenant Governor of Idaho 2009present Little presiding over the Idaho Senate in 2011 Appointment election and reelection In January 2009 Governor Butch Otter appointed Little to the office of Lieutenant Governor to fill the vacancy left by former Lt Governor Jim Risch s election to the US Senate in the 2008 election cycle Little was sworn in by Otter on January 6 2009 and confirmed by unanimous consent when the Idaho Senate convened on January 12 2009 Little was subsequently elected Lieutenant Governor in 2010 defeating two opponents in the primary election and two opponents from the Democratic and Constitution parties in the general election He was reelected Lieutenant Governor in 2014 Lieutenant Governor of Idaho 2010 results Republican Party Votes Pct Republican Party Votes Pct Republican Party Votes Pct Brad Little 95758 676 Joshua Blessinger 26808 189 Steven Dana Pankey 19096 135 Republican Party Votes Pct Democratic Party Votes Pct Constitution Party Votes Pct Brad Little 299979 678 Eldon Wallace 120174 272 Paul Venable 22007 50 Lieutenant Governor of Idaho 2014 results Republican Party Votes Pct Republican Party Votes Pct Brad Little 96780 668 Jim Chmelik 48099 332 Republican Party Votes Pct Democratic Party Votes Pct Constitution Party Votes Pct Brad Little 271268 628 Bert Marley 141917 329 David Hartigan 18705 43 Economic development and trade missions Little has focused on economic development as lieutenant governor for example helping to persuade energy bar producer Clif Bar Company to build a new food manufacturing plant in the state in 2013 Little has also taken part in and led several trade missions He led a Friendship Mission to Basque Country in Spain in 2010 during which he met President of the Basque Government Patxi López During this meeting Little and López agreed to establish a Basque Economic Development Office in Boise Idaho which would provide resources and services for Idaho and Basque companies to ease collaboration on research sales and collaborative programs Little later signed the EuskadiIdaho Friendship Agreement which affirms the friendship and cultural affinity between the Basque Country and Idaho which is the residence of the largest Basque community outside of Spain itself Little was also a member of a 2011 Idaho trade delegation which traveled to Mexico and Brazil Little commented after the trade mission that we found tremendous interest and opportunities in both countries for Idaho products and services This trip strengthened key trade relationships and established new customers for Idaho businesses The Idaho Department of Commerce estimated that the mission resulted in sales of more than 30 million Legislation In the 2014 legislative session Little sponsored Senate Bill 1354 an anti patent troll bill The bill protects companies from abusive or bad faith assertions of patent infringement to collect an extortionate licensing fee Governor of Idaho 2018 election In June 2016 Little announced his candidacy for the Idaho gubernatorial election in 2018 He said that Idaho National Laboratory will be a priority if he becomes governor Little was endorsed by incumbent Governor Butch Otter former governors Dirk Kempthorne and Phil Batt and US Senator Jim Risch During his campaign Little called for a phasedin 350 million reduction in the state income tax and the elimination of the Idaho grocery tax Little won the Idaho Republican Party primary beating both Raúl Labrador and Tommy Ahlquist with 373 of the vote In the general election in November he easily defeated Paulette Jordan the Idaho Democratic Party nominee by over 130000 votes Idaho gubernatorial elections 2018 Year Democratic Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct 2018 Paulette Jordan 231081 382 Brad Little 361661 598 Bev Angel Boeck Libertarian 6551 11 Walter L Bayes Constitution 5787 10 Idaho Gubernatorial Republican primary election 2018 Party Candidate Votes Republican Brad Little 72518 373 Republican Raúl Labrador 63460 326 Republican Tommy Ahlquist 50977 262 Republican Lisa Marie 3390 17 Republican Steve Pankey 2701 14 Republican Harley Brown 874 04 Republican Dalton Cannady 528 03 Total votes 194448 1000 References Idahos Lieutenant Governor lgoidahogov 20180514 Archived from the original on 20180514 Retrieved 20180709 Almukhtar Sarah 20180515 Idaho Primary Election Results The New York Times ISSN 03624331 Retrieved 20180522 a b Shadduck Louise 1990 Andy Little Idaho Sheep King Caldwell Idaho Caxton Printers Ltd 0870043404 Students Gem of the Mountains University of Idaho yearbook 1973 p 152 Phi Delta Theta Gem of the Mountains University of Idaho yearbook 1973 p 234 Phi Delta Theta Gem of the Mountains University of Idaho yearbook 1974 p 245 a b c d Brad Little for Idaho Archived copy Archived from the original on 20140628 Retrieved 20140730 The SpokesmanReview Google News Archive Search newsgooglecom Retrieved 1 October 2018 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20140810 Retrieved 20140730 Archived copy Archived from the original on 20140815 Retrieved 20140730 Emmett Public School Foundation Emmett Public School Foundation Emmettschoolsorg Retrieved 1 October 2018 Terms of Service Violation Bloombergcom Retrieved 1 October 2018 ExHCN board member named Idaho lt guv Hcnorg Retrieved 1 October 2018 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20160304 Retrieved 20140730 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20160304 Retrieved 20140730 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20160304 Retrieved 20140730 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20160304 Retrieved 20140730 2004 General Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170503 2006 General Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170503 2008 General Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120616 Retrieved 20170503 Brad Little for Idaho Archived copy Archived from the original on 20140628 Retrieved 20140730 2002 Primary Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170515 2002 General Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170515 2004 Primary Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170515 2004 General Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170515 2006 Primary Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170515 2006 General Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170515 2008 Primary Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120501 Retrieved 20170515 2008 General Results legislative Sosidahogov Archived from the original on 20120616 Retrieved 20170515 KBOI 2 Archived copy Archived from the original on 20150224 Retrieved 20140806 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20150905 Retrieved 20140806 Archived copy Archived from the original on 20130707 Retrieved 20140806 Election Center Spokesmancom Retrieved 1 October 2018 Election Division Office of the Idaho Secretary of State Archived copy Archived from the original on 20120922 Retrieved 20121006 Election Division Office of the Idaho Secretary of State Archived copy Archived from the original on 20141201 Retrieved 20170424 Idaho Officials Move at the Speed of Business Bxjmagcom Retrieved 1 October 2018 1 Home Idaho Freedom Foundation idahoreportercom Retrieved 1 October 2018 Cenarrusa Foundation for Basque Culture Archived copy Archived from the original on 20140819 Retrieved 20140814 Idaho Trade Mission Results In Promising Leads Opborg Retrieved 1 October 2018 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20120502 Retrieved 20140814 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20140819 Retrieved 20140814 Little Amy Lombardo and Lt Gov Brad 21 March 2014 Patent Troll bill will protect Idaho businesses Idahobusinessreviewcom Retrieved 1 October 2018 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 20140708 Retrieved 20140814 Brad Little Idahos governorinwaiting commits to 2018 run idahostatesman Retrieved 20170410 LtGov Brad Little raises 340000 for Idaho governors race in 2018 idahostatesman Retrieved 20170410 Little says INL would be priority 20170422 Retrieved 20170424 Gov Otter officially endorses Brad Little for governor Community Idahostatejournalcom 20180410 Retrieved 20180514 Category politics 20180506 Little gubernatorial campaign announces endorsements Idahopoliticsweeklycom Retrieved 20180514 Little on taxes Ive got a concrete plan because Ive been here Ive listened Spokesmancom Retrieved 1 October 2018 Statewide Totals sosidahogov Retrieved 20180619 Report Declaration sosidahogov Retrieved 20180619 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brad Little Official government site Official campaign Site Appearances on CSPAN Political offices Preceded by Jim Risch Lieutenant Governor of Idaho 2009present Succeeded by Janice McGeachin Elect Preceded by Butch Otter Governor of Idaho Elect Taking office 2019 Incumbent Party political offices Preceded by Butch Otter Republican nominee for Governor of Idaho 2018 Most recent v t e Lieutenant Governors of Idaho v t e Current lieutenant governors in the United States v t e Current Presidents of State Senates v t e Current statewide political officials of Idaho Categories 1954 births 21stcentury American politicians 2018 Idaho elections Idaho Republicans Idaho state senators Lieutenant Governors of Idaho Living people People from Gem County Idaho University of Idaho alumni

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Brian

Smith

rugby

league

born

From

Wikipedia

the

free

encyclopedia

For

the

London

Irish

rugby

union

coach

see

Brian

Smith

rugby

union

Brian

Smith

Personal

information

Born

March

age

Playing

information

Height

cm

ft

in

Weight

kg

st

lb

Club

Years

Team

Pld

T

G

FG

P

St

George

Dragons

South

Sydney

Rabbitohs

Total

Coaching

information

Club

Years

Team

Gms

W

D

L

W

Illawarra

Steelers

Hull

FC

St

George

Dragons

Bradford

Bulls

Parramatta

Eels

Newcastle

Knights

Sydney

Roosters

Wakefield

Trinity

Total

Representative

Years

Team

Gms

W

D

L

W

NSW

Country

Source

Brian

Smith

born

March

is

an

Australian

rugby

league

coach

and

former

player

He

is

currently

the

Football

Manager

for

the

New

Zealand

Warriors

Smith

played

for

St

George

and

South

Sydney

Rabbitohs

and

appearing

in

a

total

of

first

grade

games

However

Smith

is

best

known

as

a

coach

having

been

at

the

helm

of

Illawarra

Steelers

where

he

took

over

for

the

season

before

moving

to

Hull

FC

St

George

Dragons

Bradford

Bulls

Parramatta

Eels

the

Newcastle

Knights

and

most

recently

at

the

Sydney

Roosters

and

the

NSW

Country

side

Although

Smith

had

a

successful

career

in

Australia

he

fell

short

of

becoming

a

premiership

winning

coach

being

on

the

losing

end

of

all

four

grand

finals

he

coached

in

and

with

St

George

with

Parramatta

and

with

Eastern

Suburbs

He

is

the

older

brother

of

former

Great

Britain

coach

Tony

Smith

and

is

father

of

Keegan

Smith

the

strength

and

power

coach

at

the

Roosters

and

Rohan

Smith

a

former

coach

of

Tonga

and

assistant

coach

at

Auckland

Warriors

London

Broncos

Newcastle

Knights

Sydney

Roosters

and

Gold

Coast

Titans

Contents

Playing

career

Coaching

career

External

links

Playing

career

In

the

New

South

Wales

Rugby

Football

League

premiership

Smith

played

first

grade

games

for

St

George

in

and

games

for

the

South

Sydney

Rabbitohs

between

and

appearing

in

a

total

of

first

grade

games

Coaching

career

Smith

began

coaching

in

coaching

the

Newtown

Jets

under

team

He

then

joined

the

South

Sydney

Rabbitohs

in

also

as

coach

He

stayed

there

until

the

end

of

coaching

the

reserve

grade

team

in

that

season

Smith

began

coaching

first

grade

rugby

league

in

the

NSWRL

competition

in

where

he

became

coach

of

the

Illawarra

Steelers

where

he

remained

until

the

end

of

season

While

coaching

Illawarra

in

Smith

proposed

using

two

referees

This

did

eventuate

in

From

until

Smith

was

coach

of

Hull

FC

in

Englands

Championship

In

season

Hull

progressed

to

the

Premiership

Final

at

Old

Trafford

ultimately

losing

to

Widnes

Hull

led

the

competition

when

Smith

left

in

January

and

went

on

to

win

the

Premiership

Final

in

May

Smith

returned

to

Australia

to

coach

the

St

George

Dragons

for

the

season

He

took

the

club

to

consecutive

Grand

Finals

in

in

which

his

younger

brother

Tony

played

from

the

Dragons

interchange

bench

and

losing

both

to

Wayne

Bennett

s

Brisbane

Broncos

Smith

would

remain

at

St

George

until

Smith

returned

to

England

for

two

seasons

and

to

coach

the

Bradford

Bulls

to

the

Challenge

Cup

Final

at

Wembley

Stadium

London

in

front

of

fans

For

Smith

it

would

be

another

final

loss

as

Bradford

went

down

to

St

Helens

Bradford

Bulls

would

go

on

to

win

major

trophies

across

the

next

decade

including

Challenge

Cups

Grand

Final

Premierships

and

World

Club

Challenge

Finals

Returning

to

Australia

from

until

Smith

coached

the

Parramatta

Eels

He

took

them

to

the

NRL

Grand

Final

in

what

was

the

Eels

first

Grand

Final

since

their

win

over

CanterburyBankstown

in

Facing

the

Eels

would

be

the

Andrew

Johns

led

Newcastle

Knights

The

Eels

minor

premiers

in

were

raging

hot

favorites

to

win

the

Grand

Final

but

four

converted

and

unanswered

tries

to

the

Knights

in

the

first

minutes

of

the

game

was

too

big

a

lead

for

Parramatta

to

overcome

The

Knights

would

go

on

to

hand

Smith

his

third

Grand

Final

loss

with

a

win

in

front

of

at

Stadium

Australia

Smith

became

the

longestserving

coach

for

the

Parramatta

Eels

before

he

resigned

as

coach

on

May

with

assistant

coach

Jason

Taylor

taking

over

as

caretaker

coach

for

the

remainder

of

the

season

During

this

period

Parramatta

won

eight

club

championships

and

made

seven

appearances

in

the

playoff

series

Smith

also

won

the

Dally

M

coach

of

the

year

in

Smith

had

a

short

spell

with

his

former

club

Bradford

in

an

advisory

role

during

the

summer

of

In

Smith

took

up

coaching

duties

with

the

Newcastle

Knights

In

July

he

signed

a

deal

for

the

with

the

Sydney

Roosters

and

obtained

a

release

from

the

Knights

On

August

Smith

effectively

quit

the

Knights

with

understudy

Rick

Stone

to

act

as

caretaker

coach

for

the

remainder

of

the

season

For

the

NRL

season

Smith

took

over

as

Roosters

coach

from

Brad

Fittler

who

had

been

sacked

the

previous

year

At

the

Dally

M

Awards

Smith

was

named

coach

of

the

year

The

Roosters

reached

the

NRL

Grand

Final

but

were

defeated

by

Wayne

Bennett

s

St

George

Illawarra

Dragons

Smith

also

worked

as

an

assistant

coach

for

Steve

McNamara

for

the

English

team

in

their

Four

Nations

campaign

Smith

was

sacked

by

the

club

with

a

year

still

remaining

on

his

contract

at

the

end

of

the

NRL

season

after

the

Roosters

finished

in

place

with

an

record

In

he

was

briefly

the

head

coach

of

the

USA

On

May

Wakefield

Trinity

Wildcats

announced

on

Sky

Sports

coverage

of

the

Magic

Weekend

ahead

of

their

game

versus

Castleford

Tigers

that

Smith

had

agreed

to

take

up

the

position

of

head

coach

Former

coach

James

Webster

put

Smith

in

touch

with

the

club

via

text

message

He

resigned

from

Wakefield

on

March

In

Smith

became

a

consultant

at

the

Serbian

Rugby

League

and

assisted

the

Serbian

national

team

in

their

Qualifiers

in

a

bid

to

qualify

for

their

first

ever

Rugby

League

World

Cup

References

Rugby

League

Project

Brian

Smith

rugbyleagueprojectorg

Lester

Gary

ed

Rugby

League

Action

Sydney

Fairfax

Publishing

p

ISBN

Danny

Weidler

Roosters

have

deal

of

a

lifetime

for

Sonny

Bill

if

he

wants

to

stay

WA

Today

Tonga

boast

star

power

for

Kiwis

Test

TVNZ

October

Retrieved

November

Trent

Robinson

undecided

on

future

at

Knights

The

Herald

August

Retrieved

November

MacDonald

John

October

The

season

of

change

upsets

and

challenges

The

Sydney

Morning

Herald

Fairfax

Media

p

Retrieved

September

Coaches

and

Captains

hullfccom

December

Retrieved

January

Brian

Smith

signed

to

save

Roosters

Archived

September

at

the

Wayback

Machine

Brisbane

Times

July

Roosters

dump

Smith

smhcomau

September

News

Article

not

available

NRL

The

official

site

of

the

National

Rugby

League

NRLcom

wwwsmhcomau

Brian

Smith

quits

as

USA

coach

Smith

takes

charge

of

Wakefield

superleaguecouk

May

Retrieved

June

Brian

Smith

resigns

as

head

coach

BBC

March

Retrieved

March

Brian

Smith

appointed

consultant

for

Serbian

Rugby

League

RUGBYLEAGUEPLANET

January

Retrieved

September

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B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

brian smith
australian rugby league coach
new zealand warriors


Britannia Bridge From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia This article is about the roadrail bridge over the Menai Strait For the rail bridge over the River Mersey see Runcorn Railway Bridge This article includes a list of references but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations March 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message Britannia Bridge Pont Britannia The modern Britannia Bridge Coordinates 5312585N 4119W Coordinates 5312585N 4119W Carries From 1850 North Wales Coast Line From 1980 A55 road Crosses Menai Strait Locale Anglesey North Wales Characteristics Design 1850 Tubular bridge 1972 Twotier truss arch bridge Material 1850 Wrought Iron Stone 1972 Steel Concrete Total length 461 m 1512 ft Width 16 m 52 ft Height 40 m 130 ft Longest span 140 metres 460 ft No of spans Four Piers in water One Design life Railway closed between 23 May 1970 30 January 1972 Upper road deck opened 1980 History Designer Robert Stephenson Construction start 1846 Opened 5 March 1850 Britannia Bridge Welsh Pont Britannia is a bridge across the Menai Strait between the island of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales It was originally designed and built by the noted railway engineer Robert Stephenson as a tubular bridge of wrought iron rectangular boxsection spans for carrying rail traffic Its importance was to connect to the port of Holyhead and facilitate a sea link to Dublin Ireland it also formed a critical link of the Chester and Holyhead Railway s route enabling trains to directly travel between London and the port of Holyhead During March 1966 the Britannia Bridge received Grade II listed status Decades prior to the building of the Britannia Bridge the Menai Suspension Bridge had been completed but this structure carried a road rather than track there was no rail connection to Anglesey prior to its construction After many years of deliberation and proposals on 30 June 1845 a Parliamentary Bill covering the construction of the Britannia Bridge received royal assent At the Admiralty s insistence the bridge elements were required to be relatively high in order to permit the passage of a fully rigged manofwar In order to meet the diverse requirements Stephenson the projects chief engineer performed indepth studies on the concept of tubular bridges For the detailed design of the structures girders Stephenson gained the assistance of distinguished engineer William Fairbairn On 10 April 1846 the foundation stone for the Britannia Bridge was laid The construction method used for the riveted wrought iron tubes was derived from contemporary shipbuilding practices the same technique as used for the Britannia Bridge was also used on the smaller Conwy Railway Bridge On 5 March 1850 Stephenson himself fitted the last rivet of the structure marking the bridges official completion Following a disastrous fire in May 1970 the Britannia Bridge suffered extensive damage Following investigation it was determined that the tubes had taken extensive damage and were not realistically repairable Instead it was decided to rebuild the structure in a quite different configuration reusing the piers while employing new arches to support not one but two decks as the new Britannia Bridge was to function as a combined roadandrail bridge The rebuild process was performed in phases thus it was initially reopened in 1972 as a singletier steel truss arch bridge carrying only rail traffic Over the next eight years more of the structure was replaced allowing for more trains to be run and a second tier to be completed During 1980 the second tier was opened to accommodate road traffic The Britannia Bridge was subject to a 4 million fourmonth indepth maintenance programme during 2011 Since the 1990s there has been talk of increasing road capacity over the Menai Strait either by extending the road deck of the existing bridge or via the construction of a third bridge Contents 1 Design 2 Construction and use 21 Lions 3 Fire and reconstruction 4 Proposed bridge improvement 5 Similar bridges 6 See also 7 71 Notes 72 Bibliography 8 9 External links Design Britannia Bridge entrance The original box section Britannia Bridge circa 1852 Postcard picture of the bridge from circa 1902 The opening of the Menai Bridge in 1826 one mile 16 km to the east of where Britannia Bridge was later built provided the first fixed road link between Anglesey and the mainland The increasing popularity of rail travel shortly necessitated a second bridge to provide a direct rail link between London and the port of Holyhead the Chester and Holyhead Railway Other railway schemes were proposed including one in 1838 to cross Thomas Telford s existing Menai Bridge Railway pioneer George Stephenson was invited to comment on this proposal but stated his concern about reusing a single carriageway of the suspension bridge as bridges of this type were unsuited to locomotive use By 1840 a Treasury committee decided broadly in favour of Stephensons proposals however final consent to the route including Britannia Bridge would not be granted until 30 June 1845 the date on which the corresponding Parliamentary Bill received royal assent Around the same time Stephensons son Robert Stephenson was appointed as chief engineer for the project At the Admiralty s insistence any bridge would have to permit passage of the strait by a fully rigged manofwar Stephenson therefore intended to cross the strait at a high level by a bridge with two main spans of 460footlong 140 m rectangular iron tubes each weighing 1500 long tons 1500 tonnes 1700 short tons supported by masonry piers the centre one of which was to be built on the Britannia Rock Two additional spans of 230 ft 70 m length would complete the bridge making a 1511footlong 461 m continuous girder The trains were to run inside the tubes inside the box girders Up until then the longest wrought iron span had been 31 feet 6 inches 960 m barely one fifteenth of the bridges spans of 460 ft 140 m As originally envisaged by Stephenson the tubular construction would give a structure sufficiently stiff to support the heavy loading associated with trains but the tubes would not be fully selfsupporting some of their weight having to be taken by suspension chains For the detailed design of the girders Stephenson secured the assistance of the distinguished engineer William Fairbairn an old friend of his father and described by Stephenson as well known for his thorough practical knowledge in such matters Fairbairn began a series of practical experiments on various tube shapes and enlisted the help of Eaton Hodgkinson distinguished as the first scientific authority on the strength of iron beams It became apparent from Fairbairns experiments that without special precautions the failure mode for the tube under load would be buckling of the top plate in compression the theoretical analysis of which gave Hodgkinson some difficulty When Stephenson reported to the directors of the railway in February 1846 he attached reports by both Hodgkinson and Fairbairn From his analysis of the resistance to buckling of tubes with single top plates Hodgkinson believed that it would require an impracticably thick and therefore heavy top plate to make the tubes stiff enough to support their own weight and advised auxiliary suspension from link chains However Fairbairns experiments had moved on from those covered by Hodgkinsons theory to include designs in which the top plate was stiffened by corrugation the incorporation of cylindrical tubes The results of these later experiments he found very encouraging whilst it was still to be determined what the optimum form of the tubular girder should be I would venture to state that a Tubular Bridge can be constructed of such powers and dimensions as will meet with perfect security the requirements of railway traffic across the Straits although it might require more materials than originally envisaged and the utmost care would be needed in its construction He believed it would be highly improper to rely upon chains as the principal support of the bridge Under every circumstance I am of opinion that the tubes should be made sufficiently strong to sustain not only their own weight but in addition to that load 2000 tons equally distributed over the surface of the platform a load ten times greater than they will ever be called upon to support In fact it should be a huge sheetiron hollow girder of sufficient strength and stiffness to sustain those weights and provided that the parts are wellproportioned and the plates properly riveted you may strip off the chains and have it as a useful monument of the enterprise and A view of the entrance to the Britannia Bridge from the Bangor side showing a steam train entering the bridge people watching two large stone lions and an inscription relating to the engineer Robert Stephenson Stephensons report drew attention to the difference of opinion between his experts but reassured the directors that the design of the masonry piers allowed for the tubes to be given suspension support and no view need yet be taken as to the need for it which would be resolved by further experiments A 75foot 23 m span model was constructed and tested at Fairbairns Millwall shipyard and used as a basis for the final design Stephenson who had not previously attended any of Fairbairns experiments was present at one involving this model tube and consequently was persuaded that auxiliary chains were unnecessary Although Stephenson had pressed for the tubes to be elliptical in section Fairbairns preferred rectangular section was adopted Fairbairn was responsible both for the cellular construction of the top part of the tubes and for developing the stiffening of the side panels Each main span weighed roughly 1830 tonnes Construction and use A section of the original wroughtiron tubular bridge standing beside the modern crossing On 10 April 1846 the foundation stone for the Britannia Bridge was laid marking the official commencement of construction work at the site The resident engineer for the structures construction was civil engineer Edwin Clark who had previously aided Stephenson in performing the complex structural stress calculations involved in its design process The first major elements of the structure to be built were the side tubes this work was performed in situ using wooden platforms to support it The construction method used for the iron tubes was derived from contemporary shipbuilding practices being composed of riveted wrought iron plates 16mm thick complete with sheeted sides and cellular roofs and bases The same technique as used for the Britannia Bridge was also used on the smaller Conwy Railway Bridge which was built around the same time On 10 August 1847 the first rivet was driven Working in parallel to the onsite construction process the two central tube sections which weighed 1830 tonnes apiece were separately built on the nearby Caernarfon shoreline Once they had been fully assembled each of the central tubes was floated one at a time into the causeway and directly below the structure The inplace sections were gradually raised into place using powerful hydraulic pumps they were only raised by a few inches at a time after which supports would be built underneath the section to keep it in place This aspect of the bridges construction was novel at the time Reportedly the innovative process had been responsible for costing Stephenson several nights of sleep at one stage of the project The work did not go smoothly at one point one of the tube allegedly came close to being swept out to sea before being recaptured and finally pushed back into place The tubes were manoeuvred into place between June 1849 and February 1850 Once in place the separate lengths of tube were joined to form parallel prestressed continuous structures each one possessing a length of 4606 metres and weighing 5350 tonnes The prestressing process had increased the structures loadbearing capacity and reduced deflection The tubes had a width of 45 metres and differed between 7 metres and 91 metres in overall depth while also having a 3 metre gap between them they were supported on a series of 46 metrelong cast iron beams that were embedded in the stonework of the towers To better protect the iron from the weather an arched timber roof was constructed to cover both tubes it was roughly 12 metres wide continuous over their whole length and covered with tarred hessian A 37 metre wide central walkway was present above the roof for the purpose of producing maintenance access On 5 March 1850 Stephenson himself fitted the last rivet of the structure marking the bridges official completion Altogether the bridge had taken over three years to complete On 18 March 1850 a single tube was opened to rail traffic By 21 October of that year both tubes had been opened to traffic For its time the Britannia Bridge was a structure of magnitude and singular novelty far surpassing in length both contemporary cast beam or plate girder iron bridges The noted engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel a professional rival and personal friend of Stephensons was claimed to have remarked to him If your bridge succeeds then mine have all been magnificent failures On 20 June 1849 Brunel and Stephenson had both looked on as the first of the bridges tubes was floated out on its pontoons The construction techniques employed on the Britannia Bridge had obviously influenced Brunel as he later made use of the same method of floating bridge sections during the construction of the Royal Albert Bridge across the River Tamar at Saltash There was originally a railway station located on the east side of the bridge at the entrance to the tunnel run by the Chester and Holyhead Railway company which served local rail traffic in both directions However this station was closed after only 8 1 2 years in operation owing to low passenger volumes In the present day little remains of this station other than the remnants of the lowerlevel station building A new station named Menai Bridge was opened shortly afterwards Lions One of four Monumental lions that stand at each corner of Britannia Bridge The bridge was decorated by four large lions sculpted in limestone by John Thomas two at either end These were immortalised in the following Welsh rhyme by the bard John Evans 18261888 who was born in nearby Menai Bridge Pedwar llew tew Heb ddim blew Dau ochr yma A dau ochr drew Four fat lions Without any hair Two on this side And two over there The lions can not be seen from the A55 which crosses the modern bridge on the same site although they can be seen from trains on the North Wales Coast Line below The idea of raising them to road level has been suggested by local campaigners from time to time Fire and reconstruction During the evening of 23 May 1970 the bridge was heavily damaged when boys playing inside the structure dropped a burning torch setting alight the tarcoated wooden roof of the tubes Despite the best efforts of the Caernarfonshire and Anglesey fire brigades the bridges height construction and the lack of an adequate water supply meant they were unable to control the fire which spread all the way across from the mainland to the Anglesey side After the fire had burned itself out the bridge was still standing However the structural integrity of the iron tubes had been critically compromised by the intense heat they had visibly split open at the three towers and had begun to sag It was recognised that there was still danger of the structure collapsing As a consequence the bridge was rendered unusable without the enactment of major restorative work In light of events the chief civil engineer of British Railways London Midland region WF Beatty sought structural advice from consulting engineering company Husband Co Following an indepth investigation of the site performed by the company it was determined that the cast iron beams inside the towers had suffered substantial cracking and tilting meaning that the tubes required immediate support at all three towers The Royal Engineers were quickly brought in to save the bridge rapidly deploying vertical Bailey bridge units to fill the original jacking slots in the masonry towers By the end of July 1970 a total of eight Bailey bridge steel towers had been erected each being capable of bearing a vertical load of around 200 tonnes Further analysis showed that the wrought iron tubes had been too badly damaged to be retained In light of this discovery it was decided to dismantle the tubes in favour of replacing them with a new deck at the same level as the original tracks With the exception of the original stone substructure the structure was completely rebuilt by Cleveland Bridge Engineering Company The superstructure of the new bridge was to include two decks a lower rail deck supported by steel arches and an upper deck constructed out of reinforced concrete to carry a new road crossing over the strait Concrete supports were built under the approach spans and steel archways constructed under the long spans on either side of the central Britannia Tower The two long spans are supported by arches which had not been an option for the original structure as a result of the clearance needed for tallmasted vessels modern navigational requirements require much less headroom The bridge was rebuilt in stages The first stage was to erect the new steel arches under the two original wroughtiron tubes The arches were completed and singleline working was restored to the railway on 30 January 1972 by reusing one of the tubes The next stage was to dismantle and remove the other tube and replace it with a concrete deck for the other rail track Then the singleline working was transferred to the new track on the west side this allowed the other tube to be removed and replaced with a concrete deck which is used only for service access by 1974 Finally the upper road deck was installed and by July 1980 over 10 years after the fire the new road crossing was completed and formally opened by HRH the Prince of Wales carrying a singlecarriageway section of the A55 road During 2011 a 4 million joint programme by national railway infrastructure owner Network Rail Welsh Assembly Government and the UK Highway Agency was performed upon the Britannia Bridge aiming to strengthen the 160 year old structure and improve its reliability The work involved the replacement of eroded steelwork repairs to the drainage system restoration of the parapets and stonework and the painting of the steel approach portals of the bridge A detailed inspection of the internal chambers of the three towers was performed while a special walkway was also built to enable easier and safer access to the structure for future inspections of the masonry piers special protective efforts adopted for the work included the use of special pollutionminimising paint and the decontamination of all equipment prior to being brought onsite Proposed bridge improvement An 1868 engraving showing Robert Stephenson seated centre with the engineers who designed and built the Britannia Bridge In November 2007 a public consultation exercise into the A55 Britannia Bridge Improvement commenced The perceived problems stated include It is the only nondualcarriageway section along the A55 Congestion during morning and afternoon peak periods Congestion from seasonal and ferry traffic from Holyhead Queuing at the junctions at either end Traffic is expected to significantly increase over the next ten years or so In the document four options are presented each with their own pros and cons Do nothing Congestion will increase as traffic levels increase Widen existing bridge To do this the towers would have to be removed to make room for the extra lanes This is an issue as the bridge is a Grade 2 listed structure and also as the bridge is owned by Network Rail The extra lanes would have to be of reduced width as the existing structure is not capable of supporting four fullwidth lanes New multispan concrete box bridge alongside Building a separate bridge would allow the existing bridge to be used as normal during construction The bridge would require support pillars in the Menai Strait which is an environmental issue as the strait is a Special Area of Conservation Visual impact would be low as the pillars and road surface would be aligned with the current bridge New single span cablestayed bridge This would eliminate the need for pillars in the Strait but the bridge would have a large impact on the landscape due to the height of the cable support pillars This is also the most costly option Respondents were overwhelmingly in favour of seeing some improvements with 70 per cent favouring the solution of building a second bridge Similar bridges Very few other tubular iron bridges were ever built since more economical bridge designs were soon developed The most notable of the other tubular bridges were Stephensons Conwy railway bridge between Llandudno Junction and Conwy the first SainteAnnedeBellevue Québec Grand Trunk Railway bridge which was the prototype of the Victoria Bridge across the Saint Lawrence River at Montreal The Conwy railway bridge remains in use and is the only remaining tubular bridge however intermediate piers have been added to strengthen it The bridge can be seen at close quarters from Thomas Telford s adjacent 1826 Conwy Suspension Bridge The Victoria Bridge was the first bridge to cross the St Lawrence River and was the longest bridge in the world when it was completed in 1859 It was rebuilt as a truss bridge in 1898 See also List of bridges in Wales Menai Heritage Bridges Exhibition museum about the Menai and Britannia bridges References Notes Dreicer Gregory K 2010 Building Bridges and Boundaries The Lattice and the Tube 18201860 Technology and Culture 51 1 126163 JSTOR 40646995 a b c d e f g h i j k l Britannia Bridge 1974 engineeringtimelinescom Retrieved 18 November 2016 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Britannia Bridge 1850 Engineering Timelines Retrieved 28 October 2017 Specialstandrewsacuk Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine a b c Menai Strait Bridges Anglesey History Retrieved 24 January 2013 a b c d e Fairbairn William 1849 An account of the construction of the Britannia and Conway tubular bridges London John Weale Baughan PE Chester and Holyhead Railway vol 1 1972 pub David Charles plc Details of Britannia Bridge railway station with pictures Disused Stations website Britannia Bridge campaign to raise the hidden lions BBC News 25 November 2016 The Britannia Bridge Lions raisethelionscouk Retrieved 24 May 2018 Crump Eryl Petition calls for Britannia Bridge lions to be raised so people can see them Daily Post 26 November 2016 Britannia Bridge Official Fire Report 2d53couk Retrieved 24 January 2013 The Night the Bridge Caught Fire BBC 25 August 2011 a b Rail Improvement for Britannia Bridge Network Rail 10 January 2011 Welsh Assembly Government 12 August 2008 A55 Britannia Bridge Release of the Results of the recent Public Consultation Exercise 70 public backing for third bridge over Menai Strait Daily Post 13 April 2013 Bibliography Jones Reg Chambers 2011 Crossing the Menai an illustrated history of the ferries and bridges of the Menai Strait Wrexham Bridge Books 9781844940745 Fairbairn William 1849 An Account of the Construction of the Britannia and Conway Tubular Bridges London John Weale Norrie Charles Matthew 1956 Bridging the Years a short history of British Civil Engineering Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd Rapley John 2003 The Britannia and other Tubular Bridges Tempus ISBN 0752427539 Richards Robin 2004 Two Bridges over Menai new revised ed Llanrwst Gwasg Carreg Gwalch 1845241304 Rolt L T C 1960 George and Robert Stephenson The Railway Revolution Penguin Ch 15 ISBN 0140076468 Rosenberg Nathan Vincenti Walter G 1978 The Britannia Bridge the generation and diffusion of technical knowledge Monograph series Society for the History of Technology no 10 Cambridge Mass MIT Press 0262180871 Further reading Mitchell Vic Smith Keith 2011 Bangor to Holyhead West Sussex Middleton Press figs 1825 9781908174017 OCLC 795179106 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Britannia Bridge Britannia Bridge 1850 at Structurae Britannia Bridge 1905 at Grandads Photograph Album Britannia Bridge Bangor entrance showing lion 1905 at Grandads Photograph Album Britannia Bridge 1971 at Structurae General description of the Britannia and Conway tubular bridges on the Chester and Holyhead Railway 1849 from Google Book Search In 1969 the BBC show Birds Eye View captured an aerial view of a train crossing the bridge in the episode Man on the Move Available in the online BBC Archives the Britannia Bridge segment appears at the 2547 mark The Night the Bridge Caught Fire BBC programme page Menai Heritage A community project and museum celebrating the two bridges over the Menai Strait and the town of Menai Bridge Categories Bridges in Anglesey Bridges completed in 1850 Truss arch bridges Tubular bridges Roadrail bridges Train and subway fires 1970 fires Fires in England Railway bridges in Wales Road bridges in Wales Menai Strait Llanfairpwllgwyngyll Pentir Grade II listed bridges in Wales Grade II listed buildings in Anglesey Grade II listed buildings in Gwynedd Doubledecker bridges

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O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 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britannia bridge
menai strait
island of anglesey


Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place Drury Lane Theatre Water Tower Place Address 175 East Chestnut Street Chicago Illinois United States Coordinates 415353N 873720W Coordinates 415353N 873720W Owner Brookfield Properties Retail Group Operator Broadway In Chicago Nederlander Organization Type Touring theatre Capacity 549 Construction Opened 1976 Reopened 2004 Website BroadwayInChicagocom Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place is operated by Broadway In Chicago a Nederlander Presentation Located at Water Tower Place in Chicago Illinois it was formerly known as Drury Lane Theatre Water Tower Place Contents 1 History 2 2010 reopening 3 4 External links History The original Drury Lane Water Tower Place opened in 1976 but was closed in 1983 and became a movie theater Drury Lane Theatre group founder Anthony DeSantis spent 9 million to transform another movie theater located on 175 East Chestnut Street just off Michigan Avenue into a showplace for live performances in Chicago At the time of his death in 2007 the DeSantis family remained owners of the theater The new Drury Lane Water Tower Place opened May 18 2004 with similar décor and mainstream musical and comedy lineups of its sister theater in Oakbrook This next era for the 549seat Drury Lane Water Tower began with performances of The Full Monty This was followed by Broadway In Chicago productions of The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee SHOUT The Mod Musical and Xanadu 2010 reopening This articles factual accuracy may be compromised due to outofdate information Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information October 2012 The rebranded Broadway Playhouse opened next to the Water Tower shopping center in September 2010 On April 6 2010 Broadway In Chicago announced that it had entered into a longterm agreement with General Growth Properties then the owner and manager of the Water Tower Place shopping center to reopen the theatre as the Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place The newest of 5 theatres operated by Broadway In Chicago it is adjacent to the Water Tower Place shopping center along Chicagos Magnificent Mile The rebranded theater officially opened on September 24 2010 with a short series of concert performances by Sutton Foster followed by a production of Traces a French Canadian urban acrobatics show The first marquee production at the Broadway Playhouse was a new production of the 1978 Studs Terkel musical Working featuring additional material written by LinManuel Miranda the writer behind In the Heights and later Hamilton David Stone the producer of Wicked and as well as Mark Platt were also involved with the show that went up in spring of 2011 Rudolph The Red Nosed Reindeer The Musical premiered at Broadway Playhouse in Chicago on November 14 2013 and went on an annual national tour starting in Fall 2014 References a b Jonathan Abarbanel April 29 2004 Tony DeSantis and His New Drury Lane Theatre PerformInk Archived from the original on November 11 2007 Retrieved July 15 2008 Chris Jones July 2 2008 Revitalized Drury Lane is back bold and downtown Chicago Tribune Retrieved February 25 2009 Anthony De Santis 93 Theater Owner Dies The New York Times June 9 2007 Retrieved August 18 2010 a b Broadway In Chicago Announces New Venue The Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place Theatre in Chicago April 6 2010 Retrieved August 18 2010 Broadway in Chicago announces Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place Chicago Tribune April 6 2010 Retrieved August 18 2010 External links Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place Official site v t e Chicago articles By topic Architecture Beaches Climate Colleges and universities Community areas Crime Culture Demographics Economy companies Expressways Flag Geography Government Harbor History Politics Timeline Landmarks Literature Media Museums Neighborhoods Parks People Performing arts music theater Public schools list Skyscrapers Sports Tourism Transportation Visual arts Portal Category Commons Portal v t e Music theater and performing arts in Chicago v t e Chicago area theaters Active theaters Loop Auditorium Theatre Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place Cadillac Palace Theatre Chicago Theatre CIBC Theatre Goodman Theatre Harris Theater Merle Reskin Theatre Oriental Theatre Chicago Off Loop Annoyance Apollo Biograph Briar Street Chicago Dramatists Chicago Shakespeare Theater Chopin Court Greenhouse Lookingglass A Red Orchid Steppenwolf Strawdog Trap Door Suburban Drury Lane Oakbrook Terrace First Folio Marriott Theatre Metropolis Former theaters United Artists Theatre Chicago Opera House Garrick Theater Iroquois Theatre Woods Theatre Categories Theatres in Chicago

B I O B I I O O O O O B I O B I I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O B O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

broadway playhouse
broadway
water tower place


Brown Ideye From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Brown Ideye Ideye with West Bromwich Albion in 2014 Personal information Full name Aide Brown Ideye Date of birth 10 October 1988 age 30 Place of birth Yenagoa Nigeria Height 181 m 5 ft 11 1 2 in Playing position Forward Club information Current team Málaga on loan from Tianjin Teda Number 12 Youth career Bayelsa United Senior career Years Team Apps Gls 2006 Bayelsa United 19 6 20062007 Ocean Boys 13 10 20072009 Neuchâtel Xamax 55 23 20092011 Sochaux 52 17 20112014 Dynamo Kyiv 74 34 20142015 West Bromwich Albion 24 4 20152017 Olympiacos 43 23 2017 Tianjin Teda 14 4 2018 Málaga loan 13 1 National team 2007 Nigeria U20 5 1 2010 Nigeria 28 6 Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 0027 9 August 2018 UTC National team caps and goals correct as of 12 November 2016 Aide Brown Ideye born 10 October 1988 is a Nigerian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Chinese club Tianjin Teda and the Nigeria national team Contents 1 Club career 11 Early career 12 Dynamo Kyiv 13 West Bromwich Albion 14 Olympiacos 15 Tianjin Teda 151 Málaga loan 2 International career 3 Career statistics 31 Club 32 International goals 4 Honours 41 Club 42 International 5 6 External links Club career Early career Ideye began his career with Bayelsa United before moving to Ocean Boys He was a member of the Ocean Boys team that won the Nigerian Premier League Ideye moved in January 2008 to Europe to sign with Swiss Super League club Neuchâtel Xamax Before this move to Switzerland he was on trial with Dutch side Willem II but was not signed After three years with Xamax Ideye left to sign for French Ligue 1 club Sochaux Dynamo Kyiv On 6 July 2011 Ideye signed a fiveyear deal with Ukrainian side Dynamo Kyiv He made his first appearance on 16 July against Oleksandria scoring two goals In his second game for Dynamo he again scored a brace this time against Obolon Kyiv On 7 August 2012 Ideye scored the winner in a UEFA Champions League qualifying third round secondleg game against Feyenoord in which Dynamo ultimately progressed He also scored against Borussia Mönchengladbach in the secondleg of the playoff round Mönchengladbach won the game 21 but Kyiv progressed to the Champions League group stage on a 43 aggregate score On 15 May 2014 Ideye was an unused substitute in Dynamos 21 win over Shakhtar Donetsk in the 2014 Ukrainian Cup Final West Bromwich Albion On 18 July 2014 Ideye signed a threeyear deal with English Premier League club West Bromwich Albion becoming the clubs record signing at a fee reported as 10 million The contract included an option in the clubs favour for an extra year After a difficult start to the season in England Ideye scored his first league goal for the club in their 31 loss to Manchester City on Boxing Day 2014 and scored four times in a sixday spell in February 2015 with goals against Burnley and Swansea City in the Premier League and two against West Ham United in the FA Cup Olympiacos On 31 August 2015 Ideye joined Olympiacos from West Brom for an undisclosed fee though believed to be around 6 million The prospect of featuring in the Champions League again was rumoured to play a crucial role in convincing Ideye to move to the Athens based club On 20 October 2015 Ideye scored a goal in Olympiacos Champions League group stage victory over Dinamo Zagreb 10 He scored the 79thminute winner with a superb finish from a tight angle redeeming himself for an astonishing miss earlier in the second half On 9 March 2016 Ideye received a lucrative offer from China during the January transfer window however he rejected the offer as he preferred to stay with the reigning Superleague Greece champions On 17 April 2016 he was a key member for the club as it celebrated winning the domestic championship for the sixth consecutive season Tianjin Teda Ideye left Olympiakos for Chinese Super League side Tianjin Teda in the January 2017 transfer window Ideye joined the Chinese club on a twoanda halfyear contract for a transfer fee of 12 million His contract which ran until the summer of 2019 was worth 35 million per year Málaga loan On 29 January 2018 Ideye joined Spanish La Liga side Málaga on loan for six months International career Ideye represented his country at the 2007 FIFA U20 World Cup in Canada He played five games in the tournament and scored one goal against Costa Rica In May 2010 he was called up to the senior side as part of the 30man team for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa He was not part of the final 23man squad but was subsequently called up after a knee injury to John Obi Mikel ruled the midfielder out of the competition Ideye was also called up to Nigerias 23man squad for the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations playing in most of their games at the tournament He scored Nigerias second goal in their 41 semifinal win over Mali and played in their 10 win over Burkina Faso in the final Ideye was selected for Nigerias squad at the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup Career statistics Club As of match played 20 July 2017 Club Season League Cup League Cup Continental Total Division Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Bayelsa United 2006 Nigeria Premier League 19 6 0 0 19 6 Total 19 6 0 0 19 6 Ocean Boys 2006 Nigeria Premier League 5 1 0 0 5 1 2007 Nigeria Premier League 8 9 0 0 8 9 Total 13 10 0 0 13 10 Neuchâtel Xamax 200708 Swiss Super League 5 1 0 0 5 1 200809 Swiss Super League 33 10 1 0 34 10 200910 Swiss Super League 17 12 0 0 17 12 Total 55 23 1 0 56 23 Sochaux 200910 Ligue 1 17 2 3 3 0 0 20 5 201011 Ligue 1 35 15 3 2 0 0 38 17 Total 52 17 6 5 0 0 58 22 Dynamo Kyiv 201112 Ukrainian Premier League 27 12 0 0 10 2 37 14 201213 Ukrainian Premier League 28 17 1 0 11 4 39 21 201314 Ukrainian Premier League 19 5 3 3 7 2 37 10 Total 74 34 4 3 28 8 106 45 West Bromwich Albion 201415 Premier League 24 4 3 2 3 1 30 7 201516 Premier League 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Total 24 4 3 2 4 1 31 7 Olympiacos 201516 Super League 23 10 4 2 0 0 8 1 35 13 201617 Super League 20 13 2 1 0 0 8 1 30 15 Total 43 23 6 3 0 0 16 2 65 28 Tianjin Teda 2017 Chinese Super League 14 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 4 Total 14 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 4 Career total 294 121 20 13 4 1 44 10 362 145 International goals As of match played 31 May 2016 Nigeria score listed first score column indicates score after each Ideye goal International goals by date venue cap opponent score result and competition No Date Venue Cap Opponent Score Result Competition 1 14 November 2012 Marlins Park Miami United States 5 Venezuela 10 31 Friendly 2 6 February 2013 Moses Mabhida Stadium Durban South Africa 11 Mali 20 41 2013 Africa Cup of Nations 3 31 May 2013 NRG Stadium Houston United States 14 Mexico 11 22 Friendly 4 10 September 2013 Ahmadu Bello Stadium Kaduna Nigeria 20 Burkina Faso 10 41 Friendly 5 20 6 31 May 2016 Stade Josy Barthel Luxembourg City Luxembourg 25 Luxembourg 10 31 Friendly Honours Ideye at the 2014 Ukrainian Cup Final Club Dynamo Kyiv Ukrainian Premier League Runnersup 201112 Ukrainian Cup 201314 Ukrainian Super Cup 2011 Olympiacos Greek Superleague 201516 Greek Cup Runnerup 201516 International Nigeria Africa Cup of Nations 1 2013 References Brown Ideye Premier League Barclays Premier League 2015 Retrieved 31 January 2015 Profile on Footmercatonet Ideye Brown niet naar Willem II in Dutch Jetzt ist es fix Ideye Brown für stolze 6 Millionen zu Sochaux Blick Online a b B Idye stats Soccerway Retrieved 19 August 2014 Brilliant Debut for BROWN IDEYE Feyenoord vs Dynamo Kyiv 0 1 agg13 Soccerway Retrieved 19 August 2014 Dynamo Kyiv vs Borussia Mgladbach 1 2 agg43 Soccerway Retrieved 19 August 2014 a b Dynamo 2 1 Shakthar fplua Archived from the original on 3 July 2014 Retrieved 19 August 2014 Albion sign Brown Ideye in club record transfer West Bromwich Albion FC 18 July 2014 Retrieved 18 July 2014 Brown Ideye West Brom break club record to sign Nigerian striker BBC Sport 18 July 2014 Retrieved 15 February 2015 Games played by Ideye Brown in 20142015 Soccerbase Centurycomm Retrieved 15 February 2015 Brown Ideye sold to Greek club West Bromwich Albion 31 August 2015 Retrieved 31 August 2015 Official Ideye departs West Brom for Olympiakos 31 August 2015 Retrieved 31 August 2015 Brown Ideye Joins Olympiakos 31 August 2015 Brown Ideye goal sees off Dinamo Zagreb to raise Olympiakos hopes 20 October 2015 Olympiakos beats Dinamo Zagreb 10 in Champions League 20 October 2015 Ideye snubbed China to stay at Olympiakos 9 March 2016 Dev OTO Super League Greece Retrieved 28 March 2018 Ideye the latest African to move to China 22 February 2017 Brown Ideye joins Mikel in China 21 February 2017 Ideye brings power and definition upfront 29 January 2018 FIFA Player Statistics Brown IDEYE FIFA Retrieved 18 July 2014 Ideye replaces Mikel FIFA 5 June 2010 Retrieved 5 June 2010 Oluwashina Okeleji 10 January 2013 Nations Cup 2013 Nigeria pick six locallybased players BBC Sport Retrieved 10 January 2013 Nigeria 4 Mali 1 Super Eagles soar into Africa Cup of Nations final with fourgoal demolition Mail Online 6 February 2013 Retrieved 19 August 2014 a b Hughes Ian 10 February 2013 Nigeria 1 0 Burkina Faso BBC Sport Retrieved 19 August 2014 Nigeria to take newlook squad to Confederations Cup BBC Sport 9 June 2013 Retrieved 10 June 2013 a b c d e f g h B IDEYE Soccerway Retrieved 19 June 2015 a b c d Ideye Brown NFT Retrieved 19 June 2015 Games played by Ideye Brown in 20142015 Soccerbase Centurycomm Retrieved 19 June 2015 Brown Ideye at Soccerway External links Brown Ideye at NationalFootballTeamscom Brown Ideye French league stats at LFP Interview Brown Ideye at Soccerway Nigeria squads Categories 1988 births Living people People from Yenagoa Nigerian footballers Nigeria international footballers Nigeria under20 international footballers Neuchâtel Xamax players Ocean Boys FC players FC SochauxMontbéliard players FC Dynamo Kyiv players West Bromwich Albion FC players Olympiacos FC players Tianjin Teda FC players Málaga CF players Nigerian expatriate footballers Swiss Super League players Ligue 1 players Premier League players Ukrainian Premier League players Superleague Greece players Chinese Super League players La Liga players Expatriate footballers in France Expatriate footballers in Switzerland Expatriate footballers in Ukraine Expatriate footballers in England Expatriate footballers in Greece Expatriate footballers in China Expatriate footballers in Spain 2010 FIFA World Cup players 2013 Africa Cup of Nations players 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players Africa Cup of Nationswinning players Association football forwards Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in France Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in England Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Greece Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in China Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Spain

B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Calypso bulbosa From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Norna redirects here For the Norse goddesses see Norns Calypso bulbosa Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Angiosperms Clade Monocots Order Asparagales Family Orchidaceae Subfamily Epidendroideae Tribe Calypsoeae Genus Calypso Salisb Species C bulbosa Binomial name Calypso bulbosa L Oakes Synonyms Cypripedium bulbosum L Cymbidium boreale Sw Limodorum boreale Sw Sw Calypso borealis Sw Salisb Cytherea borealis Sw Salisb Orchidium arcticum Sw Orchidium boreale Sw Sw in JWPalmstruch Calypsodium boreale Sw Link Norna borealis Sw Wahlenb Cytherea bulbosa L House Calypso bulbosa f candida Hyl Calypso is a genus of orchids containing one species Calypso bulbosa known as the calypso orchid fairy slipper or Venuss slipper It is a perennial member of the orchid family found in undisturbed northern and montane forests It has a small pink purple pinkishpurple or red flower accented with a white lip darker purple spottings and yellow beard The genus Calypso takes its name from the Greek signifying concealment as they tend to favor sheltered areas on conifer forest floors The specific epithet bulbosa refers to the bulb like corms Contents 1 Description 2 Varieties 3 4 External links Description Calypso flower Calypso orchids are typically 10 to 14 cm in height Their little purple blooms can be a pleasant sporadic sight on hiking trails from late March onwards though in the more northerly parts of their range they do not bloom until May and June The plants live no more than five years This species range is circumpolar and includes California the Rocky Mountain states and most of the most northerly states of the United States most of Canada Scandinavia much of European and Asiatic Russia China Mongolia Korea and Japan see external links for map Although the calypso orchids distribution is wide it is very susceptible to disturbance and is therefore classified as threatened or endangered in several U S states and in Sweden and Finland It does not transplant well owing to its mycorrhizal dependence on specific soil fungi The corms have been used as a food source by North American native peoples The Thompson River Indians of British Columbia used it as a treatment for mild epilepsy At least near Banff Alberta the calypso orchid is pollinated by bumble bees Bombus Pyrobombus and Psithyrus It relies on pollination by deception as it attracts insects to anther like yellow hairs at the entrance to the pouch and forked nectarylike structures at the end of the pouch but produces no nectar that would nourish them Insects quickly learn not to revisit it Avoiding such recognition may account for some of the small variation in the flowers appearance Varieties Four natural varieties and one nothovariety variety of hybrid origin but established in the wild are recognized Calypso bulbosa var americana RBr Luer most of Canada western and northern United States Calypso bulbosa var bulbosa Sweden Finland Baltic States much of Russia Mongolia Korea Calypso bulbosa nothovar kostiukiae Catling Alberta C bulbosa var americana C bulbosa var occidentalis Calypso bulbosa var occidentalis Holz Cockerell from Alaska and British Columbia south through the Cascades Rockies and Sierra Nevada to California Calypso bulbosa var speciosa Schltr Makino Japan China Gansu Jilin Nei Mongol Sichuan Tibet Yunnan References a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families a b c d Coleman Ronald A 2002 The Wild Orchids of Arizona and New Mexico Nature pp 21ndash 26 0801439507 retrieved 20090627 CMichael Hogan ed 2010 Calypso bulbosa Encyclopedia of Life a b Boyden Thomas C 1982 The pollination biology of Calypso bulbosa var Americana Orchidaceae Initial deception of bumblebee visitors Oecologia 55 2 178184 doi 101007bf00384485 retrieved 20090627 Moerman Daniel E 1998 Native American ethnobotany Timber Press p 133 0881924539 Mosquin T 1970 The Reproductive Biology of Calypso bulbosa Orchidaceae Can FieldNat 84 291ndash 296 Summarized by Coleman and by Boyden Flora of China v 25 p 252 布袋兰 bu dai lan Calypso bulbosa var speciosa External links Media related to Calypso Orchid Calypso bulbosa at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Calypso Orchid Calypso bulbosa at Wikispecies Map of distribution Jepson Manual treatment of the species Wild orchid of Japan Taxon identifiers Calypso bulbosa Wikidata Q1141063 Wikispecies Calypso bulbosa ARKive calypsobulbosa Calflora 1333 EoL 1089302 EPPO KLSBU EUNIS 189456 FEIS calbul FNA 200028570 GBIF 5323572 GRIN 455934 iNaturalist 47215 IPNI 300059302 IRMNG 10762144 ITIS 43508 MichiganFlora 1797 NBN NBNSYS0200001981 NCBI 78714 PalDat Calypso_bulbosa Plant List kew32237 PLANTS CABU POWO urnlsidipniorgnames300059302 Species 15457 Tropicos 23500115 VASCAN 6839 WCSP 32237 Cypripedium bulbosum Wikidata Q21873412 GBIF 2838914 GRIN 460178 Tropicos 23512155 Categories Orchids of the United States Plants described in 1753 Orchids of Canada Orchids of Europe Orchids of Asia Orchids of Russia Orchids of China Calypsoeae Plants used in Native American cuisine Plants used in traditional Native American medicine Taxa named by Richard Anthony Salisbury

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