Ephrin receptor From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Eph receptor ligand binding domain Structure of the kinase domain of human eph typeA receptor 5 EphA5 Identifiers Symbol Ephrin_lbd Pfam PF01404 InterPro IPR016257 SCOP 1nuk SUPERFAMILY 1nuk CDD cd10319 Membranome 1202 Available protein structures Eph receptors Ephs after erythropoietinproducing human hepatocellular receptors are a group of receptors that are activated in response to binding with Eph receptorinteracting proteins Ephrins Ephs form the largest known subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases RTKs Both Eph receptors and their corresponding ephrin ligands are membranebound proteins that require direct cellcell interactions for Eph receptor activation Ephephrin signaling has been implicated in the regulation of a host of processes critical to embryonic development including axon guidance formation of tissue boundaries cell migration and segmentation Additionally Ephephrin signaling has recently been identified to play a critical role in the maintenance of several processes during adulthood including longterm potentiation angiogenesis and stem cell differentiation and cancer Contents 1 Subclasses 2 Activation 3 Function 31 Bidirectional signaling 32 Segmentation 33 Axon guidance 34 Cell migration 35 Angiogenesis 36 Limb development 37 Cancer 4 Discovery and history 5 6 External links Subclasses Ephs can be divided into two subclasses EphAs and EphBs encoded by the genetic loci designated EPHA and EPHB respectively based on sequence similarity and on their binding affinity for either the glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked ephrinA ligands or the transmembranebound ephrinB ligands Of the 16 Eph receptors see above that have been identified in animals humans are known to express nine EphAs EphA18 and EphA10 and five EphBs EphB14 and EphB6 In general Ephs of a particular subclass bind preferentially to all ephrins of the corresponding subclass but have little to no crossbinding to ephrins of the opposing subclass It has recently been proposed that the intrasubclass specificity of Ephephrin binding could be partially attributed to the different binding mechanisms used by EphAs and EphBs There are exceptions to the intrasubclass binding specificity observed in Ephs however as it has recently been shown that ephrinB3 can bind to and activate EphA4 and that ephrinA5 can bind to and activate EphB2 EphAephrinA interaction typically occur with higher affinity than EphBephrinB interactions which can partially be attributed to the fact that ephrinAs bind via a lockandkey mechanism that requires little conformational change of the EphAs in contrast to EphBs which utilize an induced fit mechanism that requires a greater amount of energy to alter the conformation of EphBs to bind to ephrinBs 16 Ephs have been identified in animals and are listed below EPHA1 EPHA2 EPHA3 EPHA4 EPHA5 EPHA6 EPHA7 EPHA8 EPHA9 EPHA10 EPHB1 EPHB2 EPHB3 EPHB4 EPHB5 EPHB6 Activation The extracellular domain of Eph receptors is composed of a highly conserved globular ephrin ligandbinding domain a cysteine rich region and two fibronectin type III domains The cytoplasmic domain of Eph receptors is composed of a juxtamembrane region with two conserved tyrosine residues a tyrosine kinase domain a sterile alpha motif SAM and a PDZbinding motif Following binding of an ephrin ligand to the extracellular globular domain of an Eph receptor tyrosine and serine residues in the juxtamembrane region of the Eph become phosphorylated allowing the intracellular tyrosine kinase to convert into its active form and subsequently activate or repress downstream signaling cascades The structure of the transautophosphorylation of the juxtamembrane region of EPHA2 has been observed within a crystal of EPHA2 Function The ability of Ephs and ephrins to mediate a variety of cellcell interactions places the Ephephrin system in an ideal position to regulate a variety of different biological processes during embryonic development Bidirectional signaling Unlike most other RTKs Ephs have a unique capacity to initiate an intercellular signal in both the receptorbearing cell forward signaling and the opposing ephrinbearing cell reverse signaling following cellcell contact which is known as bidirectional signaling Although the functional consequences of Ephephrin bidirectional signaling have not been completely elucidated it is clear that such a unique signaling process allows for ephrin Ephs to have opposing effects on growth cone survival and allows for the segregation of Ephexpressing cells from ephrinexpressing cells Segmentation Segmentation is a basic process of embryogenesis occurring in most invertebrates and all vertebrates by which the body is initially divided into functional units In the segmented regions of the embryo cells begin to present biochemical and morphological boundaries at which cell behavior is drastically different vital for future differentiation and function In the hindbrain segmentation is a precisely defined process In the paraxial mesoderm however development is a dynamic and adaptive process that adjusts according to posterior body growth Various Eph receptors and ephrins are expressed in these regions and through functional analysis it has been determined that Eph signaling is crucial for the proper development and maintenance of these segment boundaries Similar studies conducted in zebrafish have shown similar segmenting processes within the somites containing a striped expression pattern of Eph receptors and their ligands which is vital to proper segmentation the disruption of expression resulting in misplaced or even absent boundaries Axon guidance As the nervous system develops the patterning of neuronal connections is established by molecular guides that direct axons axon guidance along pathways by target and pathway derived signals Ephephrin signaling regulates the migration of axons to their target destinations largely by decreasing the survival of axonal growth cones and repelling the migrating axon away from the site of Ephephrin activation This mechanism of repelling migrating axons through decreased growth cone survival depends on relative levels of Eph and ephrin expression and allows gradients of Eph and ephrin expression in target cells to direct the migration of axon growth cones based on their own relative levels of Eph and ephrin expression Typically forward signaling by both EphA and EphB receptors mediates growth cone collapse while reverse signaling via ephrinA and ephrinB induces growth cone survival The ability of Ephephrin signaling to direct migrating axons along Ephephrin expression gradients is evidenced in the formation of the retinotopic map in the visual system with graded expression levels of both Eph receptors and ephrin ligands leading to the development of a resolved neuronal map for a more detailed description of Ephephrin signaling see Formation of the Retinotopic Map in ephrin Further studies then showed the role of Ephs in topographic mapping in other regions of the central nervous system such as learning and memory via the formation of projections between the septum and hippocampus In addition to the formation of topographic maps Ephephrin signaling has been implicated in the proper guidance of motor neuron axons in the spinal cord Although several members of Ephs and ephrins contribute to motor neuron guidance ephrinA5 reverse signaling has been shown to play a critical role in the survival of motor neuron growth cones and to mediate growth cone migration by initiating repellence in EphAexpressing migrating axons Cell migration More than just axonal guidance Ephs have been implicated in the migration of neural crest cells during gastrulation In the chick and rat embryo trunk the migration of crest cells is partially mediated by EphB receptors Similar mechanisms have been shown to control crest movement in the hindbrain within rhombomeres 4 5 and 7 which distribute crest cells to brachial arches 2 3 and 4 respectively In C elegans a knockout of the vab1 gene known to encode an Eph receptor and its Ephrin ligand vab2 results in two cell migratory processes being affected Angiogenesis Eph receptors are present in high degrees during vasculogenesis angiogenesis and other early development of the circulatory system This development is disturbed without it It is thought to distinguish arterial and venous endothelium stimulating the production of capillary sprouts as well as in the differentiation of mesenchyme into perivascular support cells The construction of blood vessels requires the coordination of endothelial and supportive mesenchymal cells through multiple phases to develop the intricate networks required for a fully functional circulatory system The dynamic nature and expression patterns of the Ephs make them therefore ideal for roles in angiogenesis Mouse embryonic models show expression of EphA1 in mesoderm and preendocardial cells later spreading up into the dorsal aorta then primary head vein intersomitic vessels and limb bud vasculature as would be consistent with a role in angiogenesis Different class A Eph receptors have also been detected in the lining of the aorta brachial arch arteries umbilical vein and endocardium Complementary expression of EphB2ephrinB4 was detected in developing arterial endothelial cells and EphB4 in venous endothelial cells Expression of EphB2 and ephrinB2 was also detected on supportive mesenchymal cells suggesting a role in wall development through mediation of endothelialmesenchymal interactions Blood vessel formation during embryogenesis consists of vasculogenesis the formation of a primary capillary network followed by a second remodeling and restructuring into a finer tertiary network studies utilizing ephrinB2 deficient mice showed a disruption of the embryonic vasculature as a result of a deficiency in the restructuring of the primary network Functional analysis of other mutant mice have led to the development of a hypothesis by which Ephs and ephrins contribute to vascular development by restricting arterial and venous endothelial mixing thus stimulating the production of capillary sprouts as well as in the differentiation of mesenchyme into perivascular support cells an ongoing area of research Limb development While there is currently little evidence to support this and mounting evidence to refute it some early studies implicated the Ephs to play a part in the signaling of limb development In chicks EphA4 is expressed in the developing wing and leg buds as well as in the feather and scale primordia This expression is seen in the distal end of the limb buds where cells are still undifferentiated and dividing and appears to be under the regulation of retinoic acid FGF2 FGF4 and BMP2 known to regulate limb patterning EphA4 defective mice do not present abnormalities in limb morphogenesis personal communication between Andrew Boyd and Nigel Holder so it is possible that these expression patterns are related to neuronal guidance or vascularisation of the limb with further studies being required to confirm or deny a potential role of Eph in limb development Cancer As a member of the RTK family and with responsibilities as diverse as Ephs it is not surprising to learn that the Ephs have been implicated in several aspects of cancer While used extensively throughout development Ephs are rarely detected in adult tissues Elevated levels of expression and activity have been correlated with the growth of solid tumors with Eph receptors of both classes A and B being over expressed in a wide range of cancers including melanoma breast prostate pancreatic gastric esophageal and colon cancer as well as hematopoietic tumors Increased expression was also correlated with more malignant and metastatic tumors consistent with the role of Ephs in governing cell movement It is possible that the increased expression of Eph in cancer plays several roles first by acting as survival factors or as a promoter of abnormal growth The angiogenic properties of the Eph system may increase vascularisation of and thus growth capacity of tumors Second elevated Eph levels may disrupt cellcell adhesion via cadherin known to alter expression and localisation of Eph receptors and ephrins which is known to further disrupt cellular adhesion a key feature of metastatic cancers Third Eph activity may alter cell matrix interactions via integrins by the sequestering of signaling molecules following Eph receptor activation as well as providing potential adherence via ephrin ligand binding following metastasis Discovery and history The Eph receptors were initially identified in 1987 following a search for tyrosine kinases with possible roles in cancer earning their name from the erythropoietinproducing hepatocellular carcinoma cell line from which their cDNA was obtained These transmembranous receptors were initially classed as orphan receptors with no known ligands or functions and it was some time before possible functions of the receptors were known When it was shown that almost all Eph receptors were expressed during various welldefined stages of development in assorted locations and concentrations a role in cell positioning was proposed initiating research that revealed the Ephephrin families as a principle cell guidance system during vertebrate and invertebrate development References Egea J Klein R May 2007 Bidirectional Ephephrin signaling during axon guidance Trends Cell Biol 17 5 2308 doi 101016jtcb200703004 PMID 17420126 Rohani N Canty L Luu O Fagotto F Winklbauer R March 2011 Hamada H ed EphrinBEphB signaling controls embryonic germ layer separation by contactinduced cell detachment PLoS Biol 9 3 e1000597 doi 101371journalpbio1000597 PMC 3046958 PMID 21390298 Davy A Soriano P January 2005 Ephrin signaling in vivo look both ways Dev Dyn 232 1 110 doi 101002dvdy20200 PMID 15580616 a b Kullander K Klein R July 2002 Mechanisms and functions of Eph and ephrin signalling Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3 7 47586 doi 101038nrm856 PMID 12094214 Kuijper S Turner CJ Adams RH July 2007 Regulation of angiogenesis by Ephephrin interactions Trends Cardiovasc Med 17 5 14551 doi 101016jtcm200703003 PMID 17574121 Genander M Frisén J October 2010 Ephrins and Eph receptors in stem cells and cancer Curr Opin Cell Biol 22 5 6116 doi 101016jceb201008005 PMID 20810264 Eph Nomenclature Committee August 1997 Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands the ephrins Cell 90 3 4034 doi 101016S0092867400805000 PMID 9267020 Pitulescu ME Adams RH November 2010 Ephephrin moleculesa hub for signaling and endocytosis Genes Dev 24 22 248092 doi 101101gad1973910 PMC 2975924 PMID 21078817 Pasquale EB October 1997 The Eph family of receptors Curr Opin Cell Biol 9 5 60815 doi 101016S0955067497801135 PMID 9330863 Himanen JP Chumley MJ Lackmann M Li C Barton WA Jeffrey PD Vearing C Geleick D Feldheim DA Boyd AW Henkemeyer M Nikolov DB May 2004 Repelling class discrimination ephrinA5 binds to and activates EphB2 receptor signaling Nat Neurosci 7 5 5019 doi 101038nn1237 PMID 15107857 a b Himanen JP February 2012 Ectodomain structures of Eph receptors Semin Cell Dev Biol 23 1 3542 doi 101016jsemcdb201110025 PMID 22044883 Kalo MS Pasquale EB October 1999 Multiple in vivo tyrosine phosphorylation sites in EphB receptors Biochemistry 38 43 14396408 doi 101021bi991628t PMID 10572014 McClelland AC Hruska M Coenen AJ Henkemeyer M Dalva MB May 2010 Transsynaptic EphB2ephrinB3 interaction regulates excitatory synapse density by inhibition of postsynaptic MAPK signaling Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107 19 88305 doi 101073pnas0910644107 PMC 2889310 PMID 20410461 Xu Q Malecka K L Fink L Jordan E J Duffy E Kolander S Peterson J R Dunbrack R L 1 December 2015 Identifying threedimensional structures of autophosphorylation complexes in crystals of protein kinases Science Signaling 8 405 rs13 doi 101126scisignalaaa6711 PMC 4766099 PMID 26628682 Daar IO February 2012 NonSH2PDZ reverse signaling by ephrins Semin Cell Dev Biol 23 1 6574 doi 101016jsemcdb201110012 PMC 3288889 PMID 22040914 a b c d Marquardt T Shirasaki R Ghosh S Andrews SE Carter N Hunter T Pfaff SL April 2005 Coexpressed EphA receptors and ephrinA ligands mediate opposing actions on growth cone navigation from distinct membrane domains Cell 121 1 12739 doi 101016jcell200501020 PMID 15820684 Jørgensen C Sherman A Chen GI Pasculescu A Poliakov A Hsiung M Larsen B Wilkinson DG Linding R Pawson T December 2009 Cellspecific information processing in segregating populations of Eph receptor ephrinexpressing cells Science 326 5959 15029 doi 101126science1176615 PMID 20007894 a b c d Holder N Klein R May 1999 Eph receptors and ephrins effectors of morphogenesis Development 126 10 203344 PMID 10207129 Durbin L Brennan C Shiomi K Cooke J Barrios A Shanmugalingam S Guthrie B Lindberg R Holder N October 1998 Eph signaling is required for segmentation and differentiation of the somites Genes Dev 12 19 3096109 doi 101101gad12193096 PMC 317186 PMID 9765210 a b Flanagan JG Vanderhaeghen P 1998 The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development Annu Rev Neurosci 21 30945 doi 101146annurevneuro211309 PMID 9530499 Triplett JW Feldheim DA February 2012 Eph and ephrin signaling in the formation of topographic maps Semin Cell Dev Biol 23 1 715 doi 101016jsemcdb201110026 PMC 3288406 PMID 22044886 Petros TJ Bryson JB Mason C September 2010 EphrinB2 elicits differential growth cone collapse and axon retraction in retinal ganglion cells from distinct retinal regions Dev Neurobiol 70 11 78194 doi 101002dneu20821 PMC 2930402 PMID 20629048 Cheng HJ Nakamoto M Bergemann AD Flanagan JG August 1995 Complementary gradients in expression and binding of ELF1 and Mek4 in development of the topographic retinotectal projection map Cell 82 3 37181 doi 1010160092867495904263 PMID 7634327 Gao PP Zhang JH Yokoyama M Racey B Dreyfus CF Black IB Zhou R October 1996 Regulation of topographic projection in the brain Elf1 in the hippocamposeptal system Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93 20 111616 doi 101073pnas932011161 PMC 38301 PMID 8855326 Kao TJ Law C Kania A February 2012 Eph and ephrin signaling lessons learned from spinal motor neurons Semin Cell Dev Biol 23 1 8391 doi 101016jsemcdb201110016 PMID 22040916 Robinson V Smith A Flenniken AM Wilkinson DG November 1997 Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in neural crest pathfinding Cell Tissue Res 290 2 26574 doi 101007s004410050931 PMID 9321688 George SE Simokat K Hardin J Chisholm AD Mar 1998 The VAB1 Eph receptor tyrosine kinase functions in neural and epithelial morphogenesis in C elegans Cell 92 5 63343 doi 101016s0092867400811319 PMID 9506518 ChinSang ID George SE Ding M Moseley SL Lynch AS Chisholm AD Dec 1999 The ephrin VAB2EFN1 functions in neuronal signaling to regulate epidermal morphogenesis in C elegans Cell 99 7 78190 doi 101016s009286740081675x PMID 10619431 a b c d e Cheng N Brantley DM Chen J February 2002 The ephrins and Eph receptors in angiogenesis Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 13 1 7585 doi 101016S1359610101000314 PMID 11750881 Wang HU Chen ZF Anderson DJ May 1998 Molecular distinction and angiogenic interaction between embryonic arteries and veins revealed by ephrinB2 and its receptor EphB4 Cell 93 5 74153 doi 101016S0092867400814361 PMID 9630219 Adams RH Wilkinson GA Weiss C Diella F Gale NW Deutsch U Risau W Klein R February 1999 Roles of ephrinB ligands and EphB receptors in cardiovascular development demarcation of arterialvenous domains vascular morphogenesis and sprouting angiogenesis Genes Dev 13 3 295306 doi 101101gad133295 PMC 316426 PMID 9990854 Patel K Nittenberg R DSouza D Irving C Burt D Wilkinson DG Tickle C April 1996 Expression and regulation of Cek8 a cell to cell signalling receptor in developing chick limb buds Development 122 4 114755 PMID 8620841 Wicks IP Wilkinson D Salvaris E Boyd AW March 1992 Molecular cloning of HEK the gene encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by human lymphoid tumor cell lines Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89 5 16115 doi 101073pnas8951611 PMC 48502 PMID 1311845 Kiyokawa E Takai S Tanaka M Iwase T Suzuki M Xiang YY Naito Y Yamada K Sugimura H Kino I July 1994 Overexpression of ERK an EPH family receptor protein tyrosine kinase in various human tumors Cancer Res 54 14 364550 PMID 8033077 a b Easty DJ Herlyn M Bennett DC January 1995 Abnormal protein tyrosine kinase gene expression during melanoma progression and metastasis Int J Cancer 60 1 12936 doi 101002ijc2910600119 PMID 7814145 a b c Surawska H Ma PC Salgia R December 2004 The role of ephrins and Eph receptors in cancer Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 15 6 41933 doi 101016jcytogfr200409002 PMID 15561600 Murai KK Pasquale EB July 2003 Ephective signaling forward reverse and crosstalk J Cell Sci 116 Pt 14 282332 doi 101242jcs00625 PMID 12808016 Boyd AW Lackmann M December 2001 Signals from Eph and ephrin proteins a developmental tool kit Sci STKE 2001 112 re20 doi 101126stke2001112re20 PMID 11741094 External links EphFamilyReceptors at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH v t e Cell surface receptors enzymelinked receptors v t e Protein kinases tyrosine kinases EC 2710 v t e Enzymes v t e Growth factor receptor modulators Molecular and Cellular Biology portal Categories Tyrosine kinase receptors

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O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 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Esopus Spitzenburg From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Esopus Spitzenburg Genus Malus Species Malus domestica Cultivar Esopus Spitzenburg or Aesopus Spitzenburgh Origin Found on a tree in Esopus New York United States late 18th century Esopus Spitzenburg or Aesopus Spitzenburgh is a unique apple It was discovered early in the 18th century near Esopus New York and is reputed to have been a favorite apple of Thomas Jefferson who planted several of the trees at Monticello In 1922 Ulysses Hedrick described Esopus Spitzenburg sometimes spelled Spitzenberg as one of the leading American apples About the best to eat out of hand and very good for all culinary purposes as well In particular it is a good apple for baking pies and are also valued as a cider apple They are fairly large oblong and have red skin and crisp flesh Like many lateseason apples they improve with a few weeks of cool storage which brings them to their full rich flavor Hedrick praised this apple as attractive and keeping well in cold storage but added that it was imperfect in that the trees lack vigor and are vulnerable to apple scab This cultivar is suitable for hardiness zones 47 and should be grown in full sun However the trees grow unevenly and sometimes the upper branches shade out the lower ones which can be frustrating to the orcharder They also have a biennial bearing tendency and is susceptible to any available apple disease Herman Melville mentioned this apple in Bartleby the Scrivener See also Crimson Gold apple References Wikimedia Commons has media related to Esopus Spitzenburg apple Beach SA Booth NO Taylor OM 1905 Esopus Spitzenburg The apples of New York Albany J B Lyon pp 120122 Hatch Peter J January 1995 Esopus Spitzenburg Connoiseur Fruit Twinleaf Journal Virginia Thomas Jefferson Foundation Retrieved 20111015 Hedrick Ulysses Prentiss 1922 Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits New York Macmillan Publishers OCLC 3714494 a b Karp David 20041020 Apples with Pedigrees Selling in Urban Edens The New York Times New York Retrieved 20090916 In Bloom at Monticello Malus cv Esopus Spitzenburg Thomas Jefferson Foundation Retrieved 20111015 EsopusSpitzenberg at Orange Pippin Herman Melville Bartleby the Scrivener Putnams Monthly Magazine 2 November 1853 p 549 External links Esopus Spitzenburg National Fruit Collection University of Reading and Brogdale Collections retrieved 17 October 2015 v t e Apples v t e Apples grown at Monticello by Thomas Jefferson Categories Cooking apples Natural cultivars

B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Facing retail From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2007 Learn how and when to remove this template message Faced products on a shelf at a Coles supermarket Facing also known as blocking zoning fronting straightening rumbling or conditioning is a common tool in the retail industry to create the look of a perfectly stocked store even when it is not by pulling all of the products on a display or shelf to the front as well as down stacking all the canned and stacked items It is also done to keep the store appearing neat and organized The workers who perform this task normally have jobs doing other things in the store such as customer service stocking shelves daytime cleaning bagging and carry outs in grocery stores etc In some stores however facing is done only by the stockers Facing is generally done near closing time when there are fewer customers and also while the store is completely closed In busier stores it may be done constantly In department stores it may be referred to as recovery as in the store is recovering from the rush of customers that affect the model appearance the store wants to portray Merchandise may be put in the wrong area or customers may leave debris on the floor Correcting these issues is a part of the recovery process Facings also refer to the amount of shelf space a particular product is given A lot of facing generally increases sales of a particular product therefore manufacturers often pay more money to get more facings for their products This can lead to situations in which the largest manufacturers end up with the most shelf space because they have the greatest ability to pay See also Gobacks External links Description of facing Categories Customer experience Retailing terminology

B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O


Forbidden World From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia This article is about the 1982 film For the Lost in Space episode see List of Lost in Space episodes Season 2 196667 Not to be confused with Forbidden Planet Forbidden World Promotional poster Directed by Allan Holzman Produced by Roger Corman Written by Tim Curnen RJ Robertson Jim Wynorski Starring Jesse Vint Dawn Dunlap June Chadwick Linden Chiles Fox Harris Raymond Oliver Scott Paulin Music by Susan Justin Cinematography Tim Suhrstedt Edited by Allan Holzman Martin Nicholson Distributed by New World Pictures Release date May 7 1982 Running time 77 minutes Country United States Language English Budget under 1 million Box office 4 million Forbidden World originally titled Mutant is a 1982 American cult classic science fiction horror film The screenplay was written by Tim Curnen from a screenstory by RJ Robertson and Jim Wynorski It was coedited and directed by Allan Holzman who had edited Battle Beyond the Stars two years earlier The cast includes Jesse Vint Dawn Dunlap June Chadwick Linden Chiles Fox Harris and Michael Bowen Forbidden World has also been released under the titles Mutant and Subject 20 The film received three nominations for the 1983 Saturn Awards Best Low Budget Film Best Makeup and Best Special Effects It was generally panned by critics as a cheap exploitive imitation of the movie Alien with sex nudity uneven editing cheap special effects and an audio track that some found unpleasant It has attained a certain cult status among fans of grungy cheap sleazy science fiction It is frequently paired with and compared to the previous years Cormanproduced Alien ripoff Galaxy of Terror with which Forbidden World shares some of the same sets designed by James Cameron The movie also makes use of footage recycled from the 1980 movie Battle Beyond the Stars which was also produced by Corman It is notable for its gruesome violence oddball electronica music score by Susan Justin available in full as a DVDROM feature on the German release of the film odd choppy editing and a scene in which the two female leads take a shower together The film was remade in 1991 under the title Dead Space on which Corman served as executive producer The remake has minor variations but still retains the plot and character stylings of the original also referring to the mutated virus as a metamorph as the original did Contents 1 Plot 2 Cast 3 Reception 4 Home media 5 6 External links Plot In the distant future at a genetic research station located on the remote desert planet of Xarbia a research team has created an experimental lifeform they have designated Subject 20 This lifeform was built out of the synthetic DNA strain Proto B and was intended to stave off a galaxywide food crisis However Subject 20 mutates rapidly and uncontrollably and kills all of the laboratory subject animals before cocooning itself within an examination booth After Subject 20 hatches from its cocoon it begins killing the personnel at the station starting with the lab tech charged with cleansing the subject lab of the dead animal test subjects Professional troubleshooter Mike Colby accompanied by his robot assistant SAM104 is called in to investigate the problem After Colby settles in his decision to terminate Subject 20 to prevent further deaths is met with researchminded secrecy and resistance The staff of the station includes the head of research Gordon Hauser his assistant Barbara Glaser lab assistant Tracy Baxter the station head of security and Cal Timbergen the chief of bacteriology As Subject 20 continues to kill most of the station crew the reason for the deception is revealed Subject 20s genetic design incorporates human DNA and its method of killing is to inject its prey with the Proto B DNA strain which then proceeds to remove all genetic differences within specific cells The result is that the victims living body slowly erodes into gelatinous pile of pure protein which Subject 20 consumes for sustenance After its final mutation where the creature evolves into a huge insectlike being with a large mouth full of sharp teeth the creature is slain when Cast Jesse Vint as Mike Colby Dawn Dunlap as Tracy Baxter June Chadwick as Dr Barbara Glaser Linden Chiles as Dr Gordon Hauser Fox Harris as Dr Cal Timbergen Raymond Oliver as Brian Beale Scott Paulin as Earl Richards Michael Bowen as Jimmy Swift Don Olivera as SAM104 Reception This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it October 2016 Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a rating of 60 based on reviews from 5 critics Home media This section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message On July 20 2010 Shout Factory released Forbidden World on both DVD and Bluray Disc The DVD is a 2disc set This set also includes the original Allan Holzman cut that was rejected by Roger Corman due to having humor while Corman wanted the film to be done as a straight scifihorror film This is the first time this cut is available anywhere References a b Christopher T Koetting Mind Warp The Fantastic True Story of Roger Cormans New World Pictures Hemlock Books 2009 p 208 Forbidden World at Rotten Tomatoes External links Forbidden World on IMDb Forbidden World at AllMovie Categories Englishlanguage films 1982 films 1980s science fiction films Mad scientist films New World Pictures films Films produced by Roger Corman American science fiction horror films American films 1980s science fiction horror films American splatter films Genetic engineering in fiction American monster movies Films set on fictional planets 1980s monster movies

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Fourteen

Words

From

Wikipedia

the

free

encyclopedia

Fourteen

Words

or

is

a

reference

to

the

fourteenword

slogan

We

must

secure

the

existence

of

our

people

and

a

future

for

white

children

or

less

commonly

Because

the

beauty

of

the

White

Aryan

woman

must

not

perish

from

the

earth

The

slogans

were

originally

coined

by

white

supremacist

David

Lane

a

founding

member

of

the

terrorist

organization

The

Order

The

terms

were

coined

while

he

was

serving

a

sentence

in

federal

prison

for

his

role

in

violating

the

civil

rights

of

Jewish

talk

show

host

Alan

Berg

who

was

murdered

by

another

member

of

the

group

in

June

The

slogans

were

publicized

through

nowdefunct

Word

Press

founded

in

by

Lanes

wife

to

disseminate

her

husbands

writings

Lane

also

used

the

phrasing

in

other

pamphlets

including

the

points

of

his

White

Genocide

Manifesto

and

further

in

his

Precepts

essay

stressing

his

support

for

racial

and

ethnic

religions

opposition

to

universalism

his

opposition

to

miscegenation

his

antiAmericanism

and

support

for

racial

separatism

According

to

the

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

the

Fourteen

Words

slogan

is

derived

from

a

passage

in

Adolf

Hitler

s

autobiographical

book

Mein

Kampf

and

since

the

rise

of

the

AltRight

the

Fourteen

Words

have

become

a

popular

AltRight

meme

Lane

was

bitterly

opposed

to

the

continued

existence

of

the

United

States

as

a

political

entity

labelling

America

the

murderer

of

the

White

race

and

advocated

domestic

terrorism

as

a

tool

to

carve

out

a

white

homeland

To

that

end

Lane

issued

a

declaration

called

Moral

Authority

published

through

nowdefunct

Word

Press

and

shared

through

the

publications

of

Aryan

Nations

World

Church

of

the

Creator

and

other

white

separatist

groups

referring

to

the

United

States

a

Red

White

and

Blue

traveling

mass

murder

machine

intent

on

committing

genocide

against

white

people

According

to

the

declaration

true

moral

authority

belongs

to

those

who

resist

this

purported

genocide

Contents

Phrasing

Origins

Advocates

United

Kingdom

United

States

Other

nations

Usage

by

United

States

government

Department

of

Homeland

Security

Department

of

Health

and

Human

Services

References

related

to

terrorism

and

violence

Murder

of

Alan

Berg

Barack

Obama

assassination

plot

Wisconsin

Sikh

temple

shooting

Charleston

church

shooting

Pittsburgh

synagogue

shooting

See

also

Phrasing

The

terms

were

later

adopted

by

white

supremacists

and

neonazis

white

nationalists

and

identitarians

members

of

the

farright

and

altright

the

most

widely

used

variation

being

We

must

secure

the

existence

of

our

people

and

a

future

for

white

children

Another

less

commonly

used

variation

is

Because

the

beauty

of

the

White

Aryan

woman

must

not

perish

from

the

earth

It

is

sometimes

combined

with

as

in

or

with

the

representing

the

eighth

letter

of

the

alphabet

H

with

HH

standing

for

Heil

Hitler

or

simply

as

a

reference

to

Lanes

Precepts

which

when

combined

with

refer

to

Lanes

white

supremacist

neopagan

religion

Wotanism

The

slogan

has

been

used

in

acts

of

white

supremacist

terrorism

and

violence

It

was

central

to

the

symbolism

of

Barack

Obama

assassination

plot

which

intended

to

kill

African

Americans

including

future

President

Barack

Obama

at

that

time

the

Democratic

Party

nominee

of

whom

were

to

be

beheaded

Skinhead

Curtis

Allgier

notably

tattooed

the

words

on

to

his

body

after

he

murdered

corrections

officer

Stephen

Anderson

and

Dylann

Roof

s

race

war

inspired

Charleston

church

shooting

was

influenced

by

the

slogan

Origins

Scholars

say

the

slogan

was

influenced

by

Adolf

Hitler

s

Mein

Kampf

which

was

also

written

from

prison

A

strong

resemblance

of

the

first

definition

to

a

statement

in

Adolf

Hitlers

Mein

Kampf

has

been

pointed

out

albeit

not

by

Lane

or

by

Fourteen

Word

Press

Scholars

such

as

Barry

Balleck

have

stated

that

Lane

was

almost

certainly

influenced

by

Hitler

specifically

the

following

statement

in

Mein

Kampf

What

we

must

fight

for

is

to

safeguard

the

existence

and

reproduction

of

our

race

and

our

people

the

sustenance

of

our

children

and

the

purity

of

our

blood

the

freedom

and

independence

of

the

fatherland

so

that

our

people

may

mature

for

the

fulfillment

of

the

mission

allotted

it

by

the

creator

of

the

universe

Every

thought

and

every

idea

every

doctrine

and

all

knowledge

must

serve

this

purpose

And

everything

must

be

examined

from

this

point

of

view

and

used

or

rejected

according

to

its

utility

Vol

I

Chapter

According

to

scholar

Mattias

Gardell

David

Lane

taught

something

he

called

the

Pyramid

Prophecy

which

included

the

concept

that

a

Bible

code

was

inserted

by

Aryan

adepts

within

the

King

James

Version

of

the

Christian

Bible

Gardells

book

Gods

of

the

Blood

states

The

number

appears

in

the

numeric

square

of

Mars

in

which

is

found

the

Star

of

David

and

its

formula

also

being

the

value

of

the

Words

in

simple

English

gematria

Lane

was

described

in

Pyramid

Prophecy

as

the

man

in

the

Book

of

Revelation

with

America

being

secondhead

of

the

Beast

and

the

Precepts

being

the

little

book

in

Revelation

views

that

were

censored

by

Ron

McVan

and

others

who

found

the

messianic

claims

counterproductive

by

turning

off

potential

converts

Advocates

United

Kingdom

Nick

Griffin

a

British

politician

former

British

National

Party

leader

and

MEP

has

stated

his

political

ideology

can

summed

up

by

the

Fourteen

Words

He

has

claimed

everything

I

do

is

related

to

building

a

nationalist

movement

through

which

those

words

can

be

carried

out

Colin

Jordan

a

leading

figure

in

postwar

neoNazism

in

Great

Britain

and

longtime

supporter

of

the

Words

contributed

to

Lanes

book

Deceived

Damned

Defiant

Millennial

Woes

a

Scottish

altright

neoreactionary

political

activist

and

YouTube

personality

supports

the

slogan

and

has

stated

in

that

the

words

used

to

be

more

controversial

than

they

are

nowadays

Faith

Goldy

has

claimed

that

he

had

encouraged

her

to

recite

the

slogan

in

an

interview

John

Tyndall

was

a

British

fascist

political

activist

who

supported

the

Fourteen

Words

along

with

his

party

The

National

Front

which

he

was

chairman

of

from

to

United

States

Andrew

Anglin

an

American

white

supremacist

and

founder

of

The

Daily

Stormer

website

frequently

uses

references

and

supports

the

slogan

and

has

claimed

We

care

not

for

our

own

egos

or

lives

We

care

only

about

the

agenda

which

is

We

must

secure

the

existence

of

our

people

and

a

future

for

white

children

Baked

Alaska

an

American

altrightfar

right

social

media

personality

supports

the

words

but

not

their

creator

and

has

stated

that

theres

nothing

wrong

with

the

slogan

Distancing

himself

from

its

creator

he

claimed

Just

because

others

have

used

them

doesnt

change

the

meaning

He

has

frequently

promoted

the

slogan

on

social

media

including

with

monetary

receipts

polls

questions

and

memes

Craig

Cobb

an

American

white

nationalist

and

separatist

created

the

video

sharing

website

Podblanc

and

started

a

business

named

after

the

Words

as

well

as

tried

to

start

a

church

named

after

Trump

which

later

burned

to

the

ground

Ann

Coulter

an

American

conservative

social

and

political

commentator

writer

and

lawyer

has

been

accused

of

promoting

the

slogan

as

well

as

celebrated

by

some

fans

and

white

supremacists

for

allegedly

doing

so

In

January

she

tweeted

which

was

largely

answered

with

in

reference

to

on

her

Twitter

Coulter

has

claimed

the

tweet

was

regarding

Barack

Obama

s

days

left

as

President

which

was

days

at

the

time

Harold

Covington

September

July

was

an

American

white

separatist

leader

and

founder

of

the

Northwest

Front

organization

based

on

the

Words

Nathan

Damigo

an

American

white

supremacist

leader

of

Identity

Evropa

and

former

US

Marine

supports

and

promotes

the

slogan

with

his

organization

April

Gaede

an

American

white

nationalist

and

neoNazi

stage

mom

whose

daughters

Prussian

Blue

used

to

sing

under

Resistance

Records

distributed

David

Lanes

cremated

remains

in

pyramids

to

signify

the

Words

Matthew

Heimbach

an

American

white

supremacist

of

the

Traditionalist

Workers

Party

has

based

part

of

his

partyplatform

on

the

Words

and

affirmed

them

at

various

speechings

including

one

before

the

Council

of

Conservative

Citizens

William

Daniel

Johnson

an

American

white

nationalist

attorney

and

chairman

of

the

American

Freedom

Party

is

an

advocate

of

the

word

slogan

He

has

stated

that

he

and

his

organization

embrace

principles

that

will

secure

the

existence

of

our

people

and

a

future

for

our

children

He

has

claimed

that

Ron

Paul

withdrew

his

endorsement

of

him

for

a

judgeship

in

California

after

media

reported

that

he

was

an

advocate

of

the

Words

David

Lane

was

an

American

white

supremacist

leader

and

key

member

of

the

terrorist

organization

The

Order

He

is

credited

with

creating

and

popularizing

the

Fourteen

Words

The

ADL

have

described

Lanes

slogan

as

reflecting

the

primary

white

supremacist

worldview

in

the

late

and

early

centuries

Stephen

McNallen

American

neopagan

leader

and

founder

of

the

Asatru

Folk

Assembly

quoted

the

Words

verbatim

and

based

his

own

slogan

The

existence

of

my

people

is

not

negotiable

as

a

simplified

Words

Tom

Metzger

an

American

white

separatist

leader

founder

of

White

Aryan

Resistance

and

hosted

the

Word

writings

of

imprisoned

David

Lane

accused

the

United

States

government

of

murdering

Lane

at

his

death

in

Sarah

Palin

an

American

politician

reality

television

personality

and

former

Governor

of

Alaska

has

been

accused

of

dogwhistle

politics

promoting

the

Fourteen

Words

after

she

appeared

to

tweet

a

reference

to

her

followers

Although

the

original

content

creators

the

Young

Conservatives

denied

the

link

to

the

material

media

speculated

whether

Palin

intended

to

endorse

the

slogan

Jack

Posobiec

an

American

altright

conspiracy

theorist

and

former

naval

intelligence

officer

has

repeatedly

published

information

related

to

and

has

been

reported

as

a

supporter

of

the

slogan

Billy

Roper

an

American

white

supremacist

who

corresponded

with

David

Lane

and

founded

a

White

power

group

called

White

Revolution

based

on

the

Words

Richard

B

Spencer

an

American

white

supremacist

and

president

of

the

National

Policy

Institute

supports

the

slogan

However

he

has

clarified

that

hed

prefer

to

merge

the

altright

and

altlite

into

one

political

force

claiming

If

I

wanted

to

create

a

movement

that

was

white

nationalist

I

would

have

done

that

Vox

Day

an

American

writer

video

game

designer

and

altright

activist

supports

the

Words

promoting

the

slogan

in

his

Sixteen

points

of

the

AltRight

which

placed

the

sentence

we

must

secure

the

existence

of

white

people

and

a

future

for

white

children

as

the

fourteenth

point

weev

an

American

computer

hacker

and

Internet

troll

has

shown

his

support

for

the

slogan

referencing

numerously

in

computer

transactions

as

well

as

more

explicitly

discussing

the

topic

on

social

media

Other

nations

Yury

Biryukov

a

Russian

politician

lawyer

and

adviser

to

the

Ukrainian

President

posted

code

through

social

media

Faith

Goldy

a

Canadian

rightwing

writer

and

commentator

has

recited

and

supported

the

Fourteen

Words

saying

I

dont

see

that

as

controversial

We

want

to

survive

After

being

banned

by

Patreon

for

her

advocacy

of

the

slogan

Goldy

defended

her

views

and

gathered

petition

signatures

in

public

on

a

document

which

replaced

white

children

with

aboriginal

children

to

supposedly

prove

the

slogan

was

not

hate

speech

Marian

Kotleba

a

Slovak

politician

and

leader

of

the

farright

Kotleba

Peoples

Party

Our

Slovakia

political

party

has

been

accused

of

demonstrating

support

for

the

slogan

with

supposed

reference

to

the

Fourteen

Words

by

making

a

donation

to

charity

which

he

is

facing

criminal

charges

for

in

Slovakia

Saga

a

Swedish

white

nationalist

singersongwriter

longtime

supporter

of

the

Words

slogan

and

personal

friend

of

Lane

turned

his

poetry

into

music

format

and

released

the

CD

On

My

Own

which

includes

the

song

Goodbye

David

Lane

a

variant

of

Candle

in

the

Wind

as

part

of

his

euology

Varg

Vikernes

a

Norwegian

National

Socialist

Black

Metal

musician

and

proponent

of

the

white

genocide

conspiracy

theory

who

regularly

uses

and

numerology

in

the

videos

of

his

Thulean

Perspective

channel

on

Youtube

Usage

by

United

States

government

Department

of

Homeland

Security

In

although

dismissed

by

the

US

government

as

a

coincidence

the

Trump

administrations

United

States

Department

of

Homeland

Security

were

accused

of

referencing

both

in

a

document

and

the

Fourteen

Words

by

creating

a

similar

fourteenworded

title

starting

with

the

same

first

three

words

We

must

secure

in

relation

to

illegal

immigration

and

border

control

We

Must

Secure

The

Border

And

Build

The

Wall

To

Make

America

Safe

Again

A

press

release

issued

in

February

on

the

US

Department

of

Homeland

Security

DHS

website

included

a

title

with

fourteen

words

similarly

structured

to

the

white

supremacist

phrase

We

Must

Secure

The

Border

And

Build

The

Wall

To

Make

America

Safe

Again

The

release

also

included

a

reference

to

the

number

in

the

text

On

average

out

of

claims

that

pass

the

credible

fear

screening

fewer

than

will

ultimately

result

in

a

grant

of

asylum

and

a

paragraph

containing

words

followed

by

one

containing

words

The

similarity

was

widely

shared

on

social

media

DHS

dismissed

the

similarity

as

a

conspiracy

theory

and

journalist

Chris

Hayes

attributed

the

unusual

use

of

as

a

statistical

artifact

of

how

DHS

processes

asylum

seekers

Department

of

Health

and

Human

Services

On

September

the

Department

of

Health

and

Human

Services

told

staffers

at

the

United

States

Senate

that

it

had

lost

track

of

exactly

migrant

children

a

composite

of

the

number

and

a

wellknown

numerological

shorthand

for

the

Nazi

salute

Heil

Hitler

References

related

to

terrorism

and

violence

Skinhead

murderer

Curtis

Allgier

has

tattoos

of

and

The

slogans

and

numerology

of

and

have

been

used

by

many

white

supremacists

both

before

and

after

committing

violence

such

as

in

manifestos

as

well

as

symbolically

within

criminal

acts

These

include

Ordermember

David

Lane

assassination

attempters

Paul

Schlesselman

and

Daniel

Cowart

and

murderers

Dylann

Roof

and

Curtis

Allgier

Allgier

has

and

tattooed

on

his

forehead

above

and

to

the

sides

of

the

words

skin

and

head

above

his

eyes

in

his

mugshot

Embracing

Louis

Beam

s

leaderless

resistance

principle

Lane

repeatedly

emphasized

that

nothing

less

than

a

total

uncompromising

war

must

be

waged

if

the

Words

are

to

be

implemented

although

arguing

for

a

tactical

separation

between

the

propaganda

arm

of

the

resistance

and

the

military

underground

Murder

of

Alan

Berg

Main

article

Alan

Berg

The

assassination

of

Jewish

talk

show

host

Alan

Berg

in

June

is

considered

as

The

Order

s

most

infamous

act

of

terrorism

Order

member

Bruce

Pierce

served

as

the

gunman

in

the

murder

and

Lane

the

getaway

driver

During

Lanes

imprisonment

on

separate

convictions

some

relating

to

violating

Alan

Bergs

civil

rights

he

created

the

Fourteen

Words

slogan

The

number

continues

to

symbolize

allegiance

to

the

Aryan

Nations

vision

of

a

white

homeland

Barack

Obama

assassination

plot

Main

article

Barack

Obama

assassination

plot

in

Tennessee

numerology

was

symbolically

included

in

the

Barack

Obama

assassination

plot

in

October

Both

NeoNazis

Schlesselman

and

Cowart

were

introduced

to

each

other

online

by

a

mutual

friend

who

shared

their

white

supremacist

beliefs

Within

a

month

of

meeting

they

had

planned

to

kill

the

Democratic

Party

nominee

by

driving

at

their

target

and

shooting

from

their

vehicle

This

was

to

be

followed

by

a

killing

spree

in

which

the

men

planned

to

kill

African

Americans

of

whom

were

to

be

beheaded

They

were

targeting

mostly

children

at

an

unidentified

predominantly

black

school

Shortly

after

their

arrest

their

vehicle

was

discovered

to

have

and

written

onto

it

Wisconsin

Sikh

temple

shooting

Main

article

Wisconsin

Sikh

temple

shooting

Massshooter

Wade

Michael

Page

who

killed

six

and

wounded

four

members

of

the

Sikh

community

in

August

had

been

a

supporter

of

the

Fourteen

Words

and

was

found

with

onto

a

Celtic

Cross

tattooed

on

his

arm

after

committing

suicide

at

the

scene

of

the

crime

About

a

year

before

the

shooting

Page

wrote

on

the

Internet

regarding

the

slogan

Passive

submission

is

indirect

support

to

the

oppressors

Stand

up

for

yourself

and

live

the

words

Charleston

church

shooting

Main

article

Charleston

church

massacre

After

the

Charleston

massmurder

shooting

in

June

Dylann

Roof

s

ideology

and

apparent

manifesto

emerged

in

the

media

with

multiple

references

to

these

included

several

photos

of

Roof

pictured

alongside

the

numbers

He

symbolically

brought

bullets

to

the

Emanuel

African

Methodist

Episcopal

Church

to

carry

out

the

shooting

in

which

nine

African

Americans

were

killed

Pittsburgh

synagogue

shooting

Main

article

Pittsburgh

synagogue

shooting

Robert

Bowers

the

gunman

suspected

of

killing

people

and

wounding

at

the

Tree

of

Life

Synagogue

in

Pittsburgh

Pennsylvania

included

the

numeric

code

in

the

header

image

of

his

Gab

social

media

account

Bowers

also

expressed

Christian

Identity

rhetoric

declaring

the

lord

jesus

christ

is

come

in

the

flesh

while

espousing

antiSemitic

views

that

jews

are

children

of

satan

See

also

Northwest

Territorial

Imperative

White

genocide

conspiracy

theory

White

separatism

References

a

b

Hate

on

Display

words

AntiDefamation

League

Retrieved

Gardell

Mattias

Gods

of

the

Blood

The

Pagan

Revival

and

White

Separatism

p

Michael

George

David

Lane

and

the

Fourteen

Words

Totalitarian

Movements

and

Political

Religions

doi

ISSN

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

Balleck

Barry

Modern

American

Extremism

and

Domestic

Terrorism

An

Encyclopedia

of

Extremists

and

Extremist

Groups

United

States

ABCCLIO

p

Thompson

AC

October

Racist

Violent

Unpunished

A

White

Hate

Groups

Campaign

of

Menace

propublicaorg

Retrieved

October

David

Lane

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

a

b

David

Lane

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Retrieved

August

Biddiscombe

Perry

Werwolf

The

History

of

the

National

Socialist

Guerrilla

Movement

University

of

Toronto

Press

note

The

Truth

about

New

Book

Reveals

Secret

Meaning

of

NeoNazi

Codes

Spiegel

Online

June

Retrieved

January

a

b

The

American

Freedom

Party

formerly

American

Third

Position

is

a

political

party

initially

established

by

racist

Southern

California

skinheads

that

aims

to

deport

immigrants

and

return

the

United

States

to

white

rule

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Words

Know

Your

Meme

Know

Your

Meme

Retrieved

David

Lane

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Retrieved

David

Lane

AntiDefamation

League

Archived

from

on

November

Dunbar

Edward

Blanco

Amalio

CrèvecoeurMacPhail

Desirée

A

The

Psychology

of

Hate

Crimes

as

Domestic

Terrorism

US

and

Global

Issues

ABCCLIO

pp

Retrieved

January

Carmichael

Cathie

Maguire

Richard

C

The

Routledge

History

of

Genocide

Routledge

pp

Retrieved

January

a

b

Ruiz

Stephen

January

A

Complete

Dictionary

of

White

Supremacist

Slang

and

Symbols

Complex

Retrieved

May

Gardell

Mattias

Gods

of

the

Blood

The

Pagan

Revival

and

White

Separatism

p

a

b

c

James

Ridgeway

October

Fourteen

Words

that

spell

racism

The

Guardian

Stephen

Ruiz

A

Complete

Dictionary

of

White

Supremacist

Slang

and

Symbols

Complex

a

b

Lichtblau

Eric

October

Arrests

in

Plan

to

Kill

Obama

and

Black

Schoolchildren

The

New

York

Times

Retrieved

January

a

b

Date

Jack

Feds

thwart

alleged

Obama

assassination

plot

ABC

News

Archived

from

the

original

on

October

Retrieved

Haberman

Maggie

ATF

stops

plot

to

kill

Barack

Obama

New

York

Post

Archived

from

the

original

on

Sanchez

Casey

August

Face

of

Hate

Curtis

Allgier

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Retrieved

May

Gardell

p

Gardell

p

Dominic

Gover

May

BNP

Leader

Nick

Griffin

Slurred

Jews

and

Paki

Police

Officers

While

His

House

Was

Searched

International

Business

Times

Nick

Griffin

May

Nick

Griffins

vision

for

BNPled

Britain

shown

in

police

interviews

The

Guardian

Colin

Jordan

and

Britains

NeoNazi

Movement

Hitlers

Echo

Page

a

b

Mari

Uyehara

May

How

Free

Speech

Warriors

Mainstreamed

White

Supremacists

GQ

a

b

Jared

Holt

May

Faith

Goldy

Defends

Her

Recital

Of

Words

Right

Wing

Watch

Simon

Childs

September

We

Watched

Nazis

Fight

AntiFascists

in

England

on

Saturday

Vice

Media

Scottish

election

National

Front

profile

BBC

News

April

Andrew

Anglin

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

a

b

Richard

Spencer

Is

Making

Common

Cause

with

NeoNazis

AntiDefamation

League

December

a

b

From

Alt

Right

to

Alt

Lite

Naming

the

Hate

AntiDefamation

League

Matt

Novak

August

How

to

Tell

If

Youre

a

NeoNazi

Gizmodo

Brett

Barrouquere

November

Verified

no

more

Twitter

drops

blue

check

from

white

nationalists

accounts

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Brian

Feldman

August

The

Ironic

Nazi

Is

Coming

to

an

End

New

York

Magazine

Intelligencer

Jared

Holt

May

AltRight

Grifter

Baked

Alaska

Is

Plotting

A

Comeback

On

YouTube

Right

Wing

Watch

Jim

Dalrymple

II

November

Twitter

Has

Permanently

Banned

AltRight

Troll

Baked

Alaska

BuzzFeed

Craig

Cobb

Southern

Poverty

Law

Cener

Derek

Hawkins

March

NeoNazi

bought

church

with

plans

to

name

it

after

Trump

A

fire

destroyed

it

The

Washington

Post

Morning

Mix

blog

a

b

Asher

Schechter

January

What

Are

the

Words

Everyones

Been

Freaking

Out

About

Haaretz

Joe

VeseyByrne

January

Spreading

hate

How

white

supremacists

hijacked

social

media

The

Independent

Tim

Marcin

January

Ann

Coulter

Tweet

Controversy

NeoNazis

On

Twitter

Are

Excited

But

Post

Could

Be

About

Obama

International

Business

Times

Jenna

Amatulli

January

Ann

Coulter

Clarifies

Tweet

Was

Reference

To

Obamas

Presidency

Ending

HuffPost

Brendan

Kiley

Dylann

Roof

and

His

Fascination

with

a

SeattleBased

White

Power

Group

The

Stranger

Chuck

Tanner

July

Harold

Covington

DiesWhich

Way

the

Northwest

Front

IREHR

Isabel

Vincent

August

White

power

rally

organizers

are

spreading

hate

to

New

York

New

York

Post

Identity

Evropa

AntiDefamation

League

April

Gaede

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Sonia

Scherr

January

NeoNazi

Stage

Mom

Seeks

a

New

Line

of

Work

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Larry

Keller

March

Combat

Accused

of

Purloining

David

Lanes

Ashes

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Allison

Carter

Bobby

King

August

What

we

know

about

Matthew

Heimbach

Indiana

white

nationalist

who

helped

promote

Charlottesville

The

Indianapolis

Star

Matthew

Heimbach

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Tina

Nguyen

May

Donald

Trumps

WhiteSupremacist

Delegate

May

Be

Here

to

Stay

Vanity

Fair

Stephen

Lemons

May

White

Power

American

Third

Position

Party

Seeks

Toehold

in

Arizona

Phoenix

New

Times

David

Holthouse

August

Fertile

Ground

White

Nationalists

Organize

Within

Tea

Party

Media

Matters

The

Secret

History

of

White

Power

The

New

York

Times

May

Words

AntiDefamation

League

NeoVolkisch

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Gardell

Mattias

Gods

of

the

Blood

The

Pagan

Revival

and

White

Separatism

p

Terrorist

Words

Author

Dies

in

Prison

Intelligence

Report

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Fall

George

Michael

January

Chapter

This

is

War

Tom

Metzger

White

Aryan

Resistance

and

the

Lone

Wolf

Legacy

In

Joshua

B

Morgan

Focus

on

Terrorism

Volume

Nova

Publishers

Andrew

Kirell

July

Did

Sarah

Palin

Really

Tweet

a

NeoNazi

Slogan

Seems

Not

The

Daily

Beast

Mark

Abadi

July

Sarah

Palin

is

catching

heat

for

tweeting

a

reference

commonly

associated

with

white

supremacy

and

neoNazis

Business

Insider

David

Covucci

July

Sarah

Palin

invokes

popular

white

supremacist

phrase

to

praise

Trump

speech

The

Daily

Dot

Did

Sarah

Palin

accidentally

tweet

out

a

white

supremacist

slogan

The

Week

July

Cody

Johnston

drmistercody

July

Jack

Being

the

president

of

a

country

is

the

same

as

directing

superhero

films

Also

heres

the

secret

Nazi

code

a

few

times

Tweet

via

Twitter

Jerry

Iannelli

September

Florida

State

Rep

Wants

Attacking

Political

Affiliation

to

Be

Hate

Crime

Miami

New

Times

Billy

Roper

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Luke

OBrien

November

My

Journey

to

the

Center

of

the

AltRight

HuffPost

Simon

Murdoch

May

Online

altright

to

use

facial

recognition

to

track

antifascists

Hope

Not

Hate

David

Auerbach

September

The

SciFi

Roots

of

the

Far

RightFrom

Lucifers

Hammer

to

Newts

Moon

Base

to

Donalds

Wall

The

Daily

Beast

Marc

Steinau

January

How

neoNazis

and

rightwing

extremists

profit

from

bitcoin

Business

Insider

Alex

Hern

May

Twitter

blocks

promoted

tweets

by

notorious

white

supremacist

The

Guardian

Ashley

Feinberg

December

This

Is

The

Daily

Stormers

Playbook

HuffPost

Ben

Norton

July

Ukraine

Presidents

Adviser

Writes

Heil

Hitler

NeoNazi

Symbol

on

Facebook

The

Real

News

Network

Michael

Edison

Hayden

April

Ann

Coulter

Retweets

White

Nationalist

Charlotesville

Leader

Who

Attacked

Trump

With

Syria

Conspiracy

Theory

Newsweek

How

badly

is

the

Bundy

case

screwed

up

Media

gear

up

for

votingrights

assault

Faith

Goldy

recites

embraces

the

Words

and

more

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

December

Tom

Yun

March

Open

letter

petitions

U

of

T

to

rescind

Faith

Goldys

student

leadership

award

The

Varsity

Nick

Taylor

March

Why

We

Cant

Welcome

Faith

Goldy

Arthur

Kotleba

of

ĽSNS

charged

with

extremism

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Slovak

Spectator

July

Blaise

Gauquelin

August

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Führer

slovaque

de

Banska

Bystrica

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par

la

justice

Slovak

Führer

from

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about

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Monde

in

French

Slovak

farright

leader

charged

with

promoting

extremism

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Times

of

Israel

Agence

FrancePresse

July

Tatiana

Jancarikova

July

Police

charge

leader

of

Slovak

farright

party

with

extremism

Reuters

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Thisisaga

Retrieved

January

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Standing

BNP

Media

PDF

Retrieved

a

b

Blake

Montgomery

June

Homeland

Security

Officials

Say

Claims

That

Statement

Mimics

A

White

Supremacist

Slogan

Are

Merely

Conspiracy

Theories

BuzzFeed

The

February

press

release

has

a

title

We

Must

Secure

The

Border

And

Build

The

Wall

To

Make

America

Safe

Again

which

resembles

the

grammatical

structure

of

a

common

white

supremacist

slogan

a

b

Aviya

Kushner

June

Are

And

Nazi

Dog

Whistles

In

Border

Security

Document

Or

Just

Numbers

The

Forward

Chauncey

DeVega

July

Did

Trump

administration

send

a

coded

signal

to

neoNazis

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but

is

that

reassuring

Salon

a

b

We

Must

Secure

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Border

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Build

The

Wall

To

Make

America

Safe

Again

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release

United

States

Department

of

Homeland

Security

February

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average

out

of

claims

that

pass

the

credible

fear

screening

fewer

than

will

ultimately

result

in

a

grant

of

asylum

Did

this

DHS

press

release

mimic

a

neoNazi

slogan

The

Daily

Dot

Retrieved

Kalmbacher

Colin

June

Twitter

Explodes

After

Homeland

Security

Headline

Appears

to

Mimic

NeoNazi

Slogan

lawandcrimecom

Retrieved

June

Garance

Burke

September

Federal

agency

says

it

lost

track

of

migrant

children

Associated

Press

Jacob

HA

on

Twitter

Someone

at

HHS

told

Senate

staffers

theyd

lost

track

of

exactly

children

is

a

neoNazi

code

phrase

referring

to

the

Words

and

HH

Tweet

via

Twitter

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Cody

Johnston

on

Twitter

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lost

children

from

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camps

of

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say

I

see

Tweet

via

Twitter

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b

c

Reavy

Pat

June

Tattoos

tell

a

tale

of

intimidation

Deseret

News

Retrieved

January

Siemaszko

Corky

December

Dylann

Roofs

Videotaped

Confession

Stuns

Courtroom

NBCNewscom

Retrieved

January

Gardell

p

Hatewatch

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

Terrorist

Words

Author

Dies

in

Prison

Southern

Poverty

Law

Center

October

Meagan

Day

November

Welcome

to

Hayden

Lake

where

white

supremacists

tried

to

build

their

homeland

Timeline

Baird

Woody

DeMillo

Andrew

Authorities

say

skinhead

plot

wasnt

fully

formed

Associated

Press

Retrieved

Lichtblau

Eric

Arrests

in

plan

to

kill

Obama

and

black

schoolchildren

The

New

York

Times

Retrieved

Adam

Weinstein

August

The

Sikh

Temple

Shooters

Racist

Tattoos

Deciphered

Mother

Jones

Matthew

Goodwin

August

Wade

Michael

Page

and

the

rise

of

violent

farright

extremism

The

Guardian

Abby

Rogers

August

Wade

Michael

Page

Became

A

Radical

Racist

In

The

US

Army

Business

Insider

Russell

Goldman

August

Cracking

Wisconsin

Gunmans

Secret

Racist

Tattoo

Code

ABC

News

Clara

Jeffery

James

West

June

The

Deeply

Racist

References

in

Dylann

Roofs

Apparent

Manifesto

Decoded

Mother

Jones

Rob

Crilly

June

Charleston

church

massacre

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we

learned

from

shooter

Dylann

Roofs

racist

manifesto

The

Daily

Telegraph

AJ

Willingham

February

These

are

the

new

symbols

of

hate

CNN

Tonya

Maxwell

Tim

Smith

January

Federal

jury

sentences

Dylann

Roof

to

death

USA

Today

Robert

Bowers

See

Squirrel

Hill

Suspects

Social

Media

Heavycom

October

Weill

Kelly

Synagogue

Suspect

Hated

Trumpfor

Not

Hating

Jews

The

Daily

Beast

Retrieved

Katie

Zezima

Wesley

Lowery

October

Suspected

synagogue

shooter

appears

to

have

railed

against

Jews

refugees

online

The

Washington

Post

Categories

Neofascism

NeoNazism

Slogans

White

nationalist

symbols

Farright

politics

in

the

United

States

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fourteen words
terrorist organization
violating the civil rights


Franklins

Gardens

From

Wikipedia

the

free

encyclopedia

Franklins

Gardens

Location

Weedon

Road

Northampton

England

Owner

Northampton

Saints

Plc

Capacity

Surface

Grass

Construction

Broke

ground

Renovated

Construction

cost

Tenants

Northampton

Saints

Franklins

Gardens

is

a

purposebuilt

rugby

stadium

in

Northampton

England

It

is

the

home

stadium

of

Northampton

Saints

The

stadium

holds

people

The

four

stands

are

Tetleys

Stand

Elite

Insurance

Stand

Churchs

Stand

and

Barwell

Stand

It

is

also

the

Northampton

conference

centre

as

well

as

the

only

UK

Aviva

Premiership

Rugby

ground

with

its

own

cenotaph

the

setting

for

a

moving

ceremony

every

Remembrance

Weekend

The

current

run

out

song

is

Cant

Stop

by

The

Red

Hot

Chilli

Peppers

a

song

which

has

been

chosen

by

the

players

Geoff

Allen

a

Saints

legend

takes

the

role

of

announcer

Contents

History

of

Franklins

Gardens

Location

The

Stands

Carlsberg

Stand

The

South

Stand

The

Churchs

Stand

The

Barwell

Stand

The

Sturtridge

Pavilion

The

future

Future

Development

Other

uses

AngloWelsh

Cup

Final

Churchill

Cup

See

also

History

of

Franklins

Gardens

The

Gardens

originally

known

as

Melbourne

Gardens

were

created

by

John

Collier

and

after

his

death

in

they

were

bought

by

John

Franklin

a

successful

hotelier

who

renamed

them

Franklins

Gardens

the

following

year

In

the

Gardens

were

sold

for

to

the

Northampton

Brewery

Company

who

started

making

extensive

improvements

New

features

included

a

running

track

bicycle

track

cricket

ground

swimming

pool

bear

pit

a

large

ornamental

lake

an

improved

monkey

house

and

a

larger

zoological

garden

Franklins

Gardens

was

described

as

the

Champs

Elysees

of

Northampton

and

trams

ran

from

the

town

centre

every

few

minutes

for

a

penny

Home

matches

began

in

Abbey

fields

next

door

to

Franklins

Gardens

and

it

wasnt

until

the

late

when

the

Saints

moved

to

Franklins

Gardens

At

the

end

of

the

season

a

new

stand

was

built

by

Mr

A

Dunhams

building

company

feet

long

and

costing

It

was

carpeted

and

reserved

for

members

paying

for

season

tickets

Ladies

got

away

with

paying

only

five

shillings

On

October

a

twopage

advertisement

in

the

Independent

appeared

offering

shares

in

a

new

company

Franklins

Gardens

Sports

and

Pleasure

Co

Ltd

The

company

prospectus

proposed

to

turn

the

site

into

a

sports

complex

allowing

the

Saints

to

play

at

the

Gardens

in

return

for

a

percentage

of

the

gate

During

the

Second

World

War

Franklins

Gardens

was

used

for

livestock

However

that

didnt

last

long

as

there

was

a

newlook

Franklins

Gardens

in

with

its

Members

stand

The

season

kicked

off

with

style

with

the

opening

of

the

Peter

Haddon

designed

Gordon

Sturtridge

Pavilion

marked

by

a

floodlit

game

between

the

Saints

and

an

R

E

G

Jeeps

XV

The

pavilion

enhanced

the

Gardens

reputation

for

being

one

of

the

finest

rugby

grounds

in

the

country

During

the

season

the

club

acquired

a

fouracre

training

pitch

on

a

lease

at

the

back

of

the

ground

and

in

November

the

committee

pulled

off

its

biggest

coup

by

buying

Franklins

Gardens

outright

for

During

the

early

a

raft

of

temporary

stands

increased

the

capacity

up

to

Then

in

the

stadium

underwent

a

complete

rebuild

The

fans

got

their

first

look

of

the

million

new

look

Franklins

Gardens

on

September

The

Tetleys

and

South

stands

were

opened

formally

by

Ian

McGeechan

with

the

horseshoe

stadium

completed

in

summer

with

the

building

of

the

Churchs

Stand

opened

by

five

Saints

legends

But

there

was

more

development

to

come

in

when

an

extension

to

the

South

Stand

became

a

further

piece

to

the

Franklins

Gardens

jigsaw

The

north

stand

was

redeveloped

in

the

summer

of

this

included

the

demolition

of

the

old

Sturtridge

Pavilion

and

the

construction

of

the

new

Barwell

Stand

marking

the

end

of

the

original

rebuild

plans

Location

Franklins

Gardens

is

located

in

the

St

James

district

of

Northampton

approximately

one

mile

from

the

town

centre

Bath

Exeter

Gloucester

Harlequins

Leicester

London

Irish

Wasps

Newcastle

Northampton

Sale

Saracens

Worcester

Aviva

Premiership

Teams

The

Stands

Carlsberg

Stand

The

Carlsberg

Stand

with

old

branding

The

Carlsberg

Stand

formerly

the

Tetleys

stand

holds

est

people

and

has

executive

boxes

The

stands

capacity

is

split

between

the

Gordon

Terrace

named

after

former

club

secretary

Jerry

Gordon

and

seating

Unlike

premier

league

football

stadiums

standing

is

allowed

at

rugby

stadiums

and

the

terracing

was

included

as

a

specific

part

of

the

design

All

of

the

people

in

the

stand

are

under

cover

The

Carlsberg

Stand

also

includes

the

clubs

major

conferencing

facilities

including

the

Rodber

Suite

Captains

Suite

and

Heroes

Bar

There

is

full

wireless

internet

access

throughout

the

stand

Facilities

including

all

the

bars

and

suites

were

refurbished

to

simulate

the

look

and

feel

of

the

members

bar

located

in

the

Barwell

Stand

in

In

November

it

was

announced

that

through

a

continuation

of

the

sponsorship

from

Carlsberg

the

stand

will

be

rebranded

as

The

Carlsberg

Stand

this

rebrand

was

completed

in

July

The

South

Stand

The

South

Stand

formerly

The

Burrda

Stand

and

Elite

Insurance

Stand

In

the

South

Stand

was

doubled

in

size

raising

the

Gardens

capacity

from

to

The

redevelopment

involved

extending

the

South

Stand

over

the

lake

in

the

village

area

of

the

ground

to

make

room

for

additional

seating

seven

new

boxes

a

premium

members

club

as

well

another

bar

and

extra

toilet

facilities

The

South

stand

extension

was

finished

in

the

season

At

the

start

of

the

season

it

was

announced

that

the

South

stand

will

be

renamed

the

Burrda

Stand

after

the

clubs

new

kit

suppliers

The

stand

was

renamed

in

to

become

the

The

Churchs

Stand

The

Churchs

Stand

The

Churchs

Stand

is

the

third

all

seater

stand

It

was

developed

and

completed

the

horseshoe

in

the

summer

of

It

was

opened

by

five

club

legends

former

captains

Ron

Jacobs

Don

White

Gary

Pearce

David

Powell

and

Vince

Cannon

in

November

The

stand

replaced

the

old

Members

Stand

which

had

lasted

since

the

It

contains

both

the

home

and

away

dressing

rooms

TV

camera

gantry

press

bench

press

room

and

a

cinema

for

Saints

players

this

was

a

bar

until

the

Barwell

Stand

development

The

Barwell

Stand

The

Barwell

Stand

This

is

to

the

North

of

the

ground

and

is

the

newest

stand

built

in

which

replaced

The

Sturtridge

Pavilion

completing

the

redevelopment

of

Franklins

Gardens

This

stand

takes

the

name

of

the

Barwell

family

who

were

influential

in

making

Northampton

Saints

one

of

English

rugbys

leading

clubs

at

the

turn

of

the

professional

era

in

the

mid

This

stand

houses

the

members

bar

corporate

facilities

control

room

the

Sturtridge

Suite

and

approximately

seats

It

also

houses

a

war

memorial

to

former

Saints

players

who

died

in

the

and

World

Wars

This

stand

was

officially

The

demolished

old

Sturtridge

Pavilion

The

Sturtridge

Pavilion

The

season

kicked

off

with

style

with

the

opening

of

the

Peter

Haddon

designed

Gordon

Sturtridge

Pavilion

marked

by

a

floodlit

game

between

the

Saints

and

an

R

E

G

Jeeps

XV

The

pavilion

enhanced

the

Gardens

reputation

for

being

one

of

the

finest

rugby

grounds

in

the

country

The

Pavilion

was

earmarked

for

demolition

and

redevelopment

when

the

original

rebuild

was

designed

however

due

to

time

and

money

the

rebuild

didnt

happen

until

The

future

Future

Development

Further

development

on

the

existing

ground

would

be

compromised

by

the

Beacon

Bingo

hall

which

sits

in

close

proximity

to

the

Barwell

Stand

The

Churchs

Stand

also

is

compromised

by

backing

onto

the

site

boundary

Further

opportunity

could

involve

expanding

the

South

andor

Tetleys

Stands

Northampton

Saints

will

continue

to

explore

playing

one

fixture

a

season

at

the

capacity

MK

Dons

stadium

in

Milton

Keynes

although

in

it

was

announced

that

this

would

be

putonhold

for

the

foreseeable

future

Other

uses

AngloWelsh

Cup

The

second

LV

Cup

final

was

played

at

the

Gardens

seeing

Gloucester

beat

Newcastle

Final

March

Gloucester

Newcastle

Falcons

Try

Voyce

FuimaonoSapolu

Sharples

Dawidiuk

Con

Robinson

Pen

Robinson

Report

Try

Eves

Con

Gopperth

Franklins

Gardens

Northampton

Attendance

Referee

Dave

Pearson

England

FB

Olly

Morgan

RW

Charlie

Sharples

OC

Tim

Molenaar

IC

Eliota

FuimaonoSapolu

LW

Tom

Voyce

FH

Nicky

Robinson

SH

Jordi

Pasqualin

Luke

Narraway

c

OF

Andy

Hazell

BF

Akapusi

Qera

RL

Alex

Brown

LL

Jim

Hamilton

TP

Rupert

Harden

HK

Olivier

Azam

LP

Nick

Wood

Replacements

HK

Darren

Dawidiuk

PR

Yann

Thomas

PR

Shaun

Knight

LK

Will

James

FL

Matt

Cox

FH

Tim

Taylor

FB

Freddie

Burns

CE

Henry

Trinder

Coach

Bryan

Redpath

FB

Alex

Tait

RW

Luke

Fielden

OC

Tane

Tuipulotu

IC

James

Fitzpatrick

LW

Luke

Eves

FH

Jimmy

Gopperth

SH

Micky

Young

Ally

Hogg

OF

Brent

Wilson

BF

Tim

Swinson

RL

Andrew

van

der

Heijden

LL

James

Hudson

c

TP

Kieran

Brookes

HK

Matt

Thompson

LP

Jon

Golding

Replacements

HK

Rob

Vickers

PR

Grant

Shiells

PR

James

Hall

LK

Filipo

Levi

FL

Mark

Wilson

SH

Hall

Charlton

CE

Gcobani

Bobo

FB

Tom

Catterick

Coach

Alan

Tait

Touch

judges

Wayne

Barnes

England

Paul

Dix

England

Churchill

Cup

On

June

the

Churchill

Cup

was

opened

with

a

double

header

of

fixtures

as

Canada

defeated

Italy

A

before

eventual

winners

England

Saxons

breezed

past

the

USA

See

also

Northampton

Northampton

Saints

List

of

rugby

union

stadiums

by

capacity

List

of

English

rugby

league

stadia

by

capacity

List

of

European

stadia

by

capacity

Churchill

Cup

LV

Cup

AngloWelsh

Cup

References

Wikimedia

Commons

has

media

related

to

Franklins

Gardens

httpwwwpremiershiprugbycompremiershiprugbynorthampton_saintsphp

Coordinates

v

t

e

English

Premiership

venues

AJ

Bell

Stadium

Allianz

Park

Franklins

Gardens

Kingsholm

Stadium

Kingston

Park

Madejski

Stadium

Recreation

Ground

Ricoh

Arena

Sandy

Park

Sixways

Stadium

Twickenham

Stoop

Welford

Road

v

t

e

The

Borough

of

Northampton

Categories

Northampton

Saints

Rugby

union

stadiums

in

England

Sports

venues

in

Northampton

Sports

venues

completed

in

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