NCLEX pharmacology For the client taking epinephrine the nurse realizes there is a possible drug interaction with which drug a albuterol Proventil b metoprolol Lopressor c bethanechol Urecholine d tolterodine tartrate Detrol b metoprolol Lopressor 2The nurse will monitor the client taking albuterol Proventil for which condition a Palpitations b Hypoglycemia c Bronchospasm d Uterine contractions a Palpitations 3A client is prescribed metoprolol Lopressor to treat hypertension It is important for the nurse to monitor the client for which condition a Bradycardia b Hypertension c Ankle edema d Decreased respirations a Bradycardia 4Atenolol Tenormin is prescribed for a client The nurse realizes that this drug is a betaadrenergic blocker and that this drug classification is contraindicated for clients with which condition a Hypothyroidism b Angina pectoris c Cardiogenic shock d Liver dysfunction c Cardiogenic shock 5The nurse realizes that beta1 receptor stimulation is differentiated from beta2 stimulation in that stimulation of beta1 receptors leads to which condition a Increased bronchodilation b Decreased uterine contractility c Increased myocardial contractility d Decreased blood flow to skeletal muscles c Increased myocardial contractility 6 A client is given epinephrine Adrenalin an adrenergic agonist sympathomimetic The nurse should monitor the client for which condition a Decreased pulse b Pupil constriction c Bronchial constriction d Increased blood pressure d Increased blood pressure 7The nurse is administering atenolol Tenormin to a client Which concurrent drug does the nurse expect to most likely cause an interaction a ginseng herb b An NSAID such as aspirin c methyldopa Aldomet d haloperidol Haldol b An NSAID such as aspirin Chapter 19 1 A client is receiving bethanechol Urecholine The nurse realizes that the action of this drug is to treat a Glaucoma b Urinary retention c Delayed gastric emptying d Gastroesophageal reflux disease b Urinary retention 2 The nurse teaches the client receiving atropine to expect which side effect a Diarrhea b Bradycardia c Blurred vision d Frequent urination c Blurred vision 3 When benztropine Cogentin is ordered for a client the nurse acknowledges that this drug is an effective treatment for which condition a Parkinsonism b Paralytic ileus c Motion sickness d Urinary retention a Parkinsonism 4 Dicyclomine Bentyl is an anticholinergic which the nurse realizes is given to treat which condition a Mydriasis b Constipation c Urinary retention d Irritable bowel syndrome d Irritable bowel syndrome 5 The nurse realizes that cholinergic agonists mimic which parasympathetic neurotransmitter a dopamine b acetylcholine c cholinesterase d monoamine oxidase b acetylcholine 6 The nurse is administering a cholinergic agonist and should know that the expected cholinergic effects include which of the following a Increased heart rate b Decreased peristalsis c Decreased salivation d Increased pupil constriction d Increased pupil constriction 7 When the client has a cholinergic overdose the nurse anticipates administration of which drug as the antidote a atropine b bethanechol c ambenonium d metoclopramide a atropine Chapter 20 1 When a 12yearold child is prescribed methylphenidate which is most important for the nurse to monitor a The childs temperature b The childs respirations c The childs intake and output d The childs height and weight d The childs height and weight 2 Several children are admitted for diagnosis with possible attention deficithyperactivity disorder Which is most important for the nurse to observe a A girl who is lethargic b A girl who lacks impulsivity c A boy with smooth coordination d A boy with an inability to complete tasks d A boy with an inability to complete tasks 3 A client is taking benzphetamine The nurse teaches the client which information about this drug a That it may cause drowsiness b That it may lead to hypotension c That it is a respiratory stimulant d That it is safe during pregnancy 4 The nurse monitoring a client for methylphenidate withdrawal should observe the client for which condition a Tremors b Insomnia d Tachycardia 3 b That it may lead to hypotension 4 c Weakness 5 The nurse teaches a client about which common side effect of analeptics a Bradycardia b Constipation c Nervousness d Urinary retention c Nervousness 6 The nurse who is teaching the client to selfadminister medications explains to the client that which drug treats narcolepsy a modafinil b atomoxetine c lisdexamfetamine d methylphenidate a modafinil 7 A newborn client is in respiratory distress The nurse anticipates preparation for which medication to be given a modafinil b armodafinil c theophylline d amphetamine c theophylline Chapter 21 1 It is important for the nurse teaching the client regarding secobarbital Seconal to include which information about secobarbital a It is a shortacting drug that may cause one to awaken early in the morning b It is an intermediateacting drug that frequently causes REM rebound c It is an intermediateacting drug that frequently causes a hangover effect d It is a longacting drug that is frequently associated with dependence a It is a shortacting drug that may cause one to awaken early in the morning 2 A client taking lorazepam Ativan asks the nurse how this drug works The nurse should respond by stating that it is a benzodiazepine that acts by which mechanism a Depressing the central nervous system CNS leading to a loss of consciousness b Depressing the CNS including the motor and sensory activities c Increasing the action of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gammaaminobutyric acid GABA to GABA receptors d Creating an epidural block by placement of the local anesthetic in the outer covering of the spinal cord c Increasing the action of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gammaaminobutyric acid GABA to GABA receptors 3 A client is taking zolpidem Ambien for insomnia The nurse prepares a care plan that includes monitoring of the client for side effectsadverse reactions of this drug Which is a side effect of zolpidem a Insomnia b Headache c Laryngospasm d Blood dyscrasias b Headache 4 A client received spinal anesthesia Which is most important for the nurse to monitor a Loss of consciousness b Hangover effects and dependence c Hypotension and headaches d Excitement or delirium c Hypotension and headaches 5 A nurse is teaching a client about zolpidem Which is important for the nurse to include in the teaching of this drug a Maximum dose is 20 mgd b May lead to psychological dependence c For older adults dose is 15 mg at bedtime d Should only be used for 21 days or less b May lead to psychological dependence 6 A client is taking triazolam Halcion Which instructions about this drug are important for the nurse to include a It may be used as a barbiturate for only 4 weeks b Use as a nonbenzodiazepine to reduce anxiety c This drug does not lead to vivid dreams or nightmares d Avoid alcohol and smoking to prevent rebound insomnia d Avoid alcohol and smoking to prevent rebound insomnia 7 A client is to receive conscious sedation for a minor surgical procedure Which drug administration should the nurse expect Select all that apply a Propofol Diprivan to sustain natural sleep b Lidocaine Xylocaine to provide local anesthesia c Midazolam Versed to promote sedation and following of commands d Ketamine Ketalar for rapid inductionand prolonged duration of action a Propofol Diprivan to sustain natural sleep c Midazolam Versed to promote sedation and following of commands Chapter 22 1 The nurse witnesses a clients seizure involving generalized contraction of the body followed by jerkiness of arms and legs The nurse reports that this is which type of seizure a Myoclonic b Petit mal c Tonic clonic d Psychomotor c Tonic clonic 2 Phenytoin Dilantin has been prescribed for a client with seizures The nurse should include which appropriate nursing intervention in the plan of care a Reporting an abnormal phenytoin level of 18 mcgmL b Monitoring CBC levels for early detection of blood dyscrasias c Encouraging the client to brush teeth vigorously to prevent plaque buildup d Teaching the client to stop the drug immediately when passing pinkishred or reddishbrown urine b Monitoring CBC levels for early detection of blood dyscrasias 3 When administering phenytoin Dilantin the nurse realizes more teaching is needed if the client makes which statement a I must shake the oral suspension very well before pouring in the dose cup b I can not drink alcoholic beverages when taking phenytoin c I should take phenytoin 1 hour before meals d I will need to get periodic dental checkups c I should take phenytoin 1 hour before meals 4 A client is taking clonazepam Klonopin for absence petit mal seizures Which values should the nurse report as outside the therapeutic range for clonazepam Select all that apply a 5 mcgmL b 15 mcgmL c 60 ngmL d 120 ngmL a 5 mcgmL b 15 mcgmL d 120 ngmL 5 A client is admitted to the emergency department with status epilepticus Which drug should the nurse most likely prepare to administer to this client Select all that apply a diazepam Valium b midazolam Versed c gabapentin Neurontin d levetiracetam Keppra a diazepam Valium b midazolam Versed 6 The nurse should monitor the client receiving phenytoin Dilantin for which adverse effect a Psychosis b Nosebleeds c Hypertension d Gum erosion b Nosebleeds 7 A client is taking valproic acid Depakote The nurse should monitor the client for a which therapeutic serum range a 10 to 20 mcgmL b 15 to 40 mcgmL c 20 to 80 ngmL d 40 to 100 mcgmL d 40 to 100 mcgmL Chapter 23 1 A client with parkinsonism asks the nurse to explain what causes this condition The most accurate response by the nurse is that parkinsonism is caused by the degeneration of which a Cholinergic neurons b Dopaminergic neurons c Acetylcholine neurotransmitters d Monamine oxidaseB neurotransmitters b Dopaminergic neurons 2 A client is receiving carbidopalevodopa for parkinsonism What should the nurse know about this drug a Carbidopalevodopa may lead to hypertension b Carbidopalevodopa may lead to excessive saliva c Dopaminergic and anticholinergic therapy may lead to drowsiness and sedation d Dopaminergics and anticholinergics are contraindicated in clients with glaucoma d Dopaminergics and anticholinergics are contraindicated in clients with glaucoma 3 A family member of a client with Alzheimers disease asks the nurse what causes this disorder What does the nurse explain is the cause of Alzheimers disease a An excess of acetylcholine b Neurofibrillary tangles inside neurons c Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons d Neuritic plaques that form inside neurons in the cerebellum b Neurofibrillary tangles inside neurons 4 A client is taking rivastigmine Exelon The nurse should teach the client and family which information about rivastigmine a That hepatotoxicity may occur b That the initial dose is 6 mg tid c That GI distress is a common side effect d That weight gain may be a side effect c That GI distress is a common side effect 5 Nursing interventions for the client taking carbidopalevodopa for parkinsonism include which a Encouraging client to adhere to a highprotein diet b Informing client that perspiration may be dark and stain clothing c Advising client that glucose levels should be checked through urine testing d Warning client that it may take 4 to 5 days before symptoms are controlled b Informing client that perspiration may be dark and stain clothing 6 What should the client who is taking anticholinergic therapy for parkinsonism be taught Select all that apply a To avoid alcohol cigarettes and caffeine b To relieve dry mouth with hard candy or ice chips c To use sunglasses to reduce photophobia d To urinate 2 hours after taking the drug e To receive routine eye examinations a To avoid alcohol cigarettes and caffeine b To relieve dry mouth with hard candy or ice chips c To use sunglasses to reduce photophobia e To receive routine eye examinations 7 A client is taking tacrine Cognex to improve cognitive function What should the nurse teach the client Select all that apply a That the client should rise slowly to avoid dizziness b That obstacles should be removed from pathways to avoid injury c That the drug dosing schedule should be followed closely d That the client should be checked frequently for hypertension e That the client should receive regular liver function tests a That the client should rise slowly to avoid dizziness b That obstacles should be removed from pathways to avoid injury c That the drug dosing schedule should be followed closely e That the client should receive regular liver function tests Chapter 24 1 When the nurse explains the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis to a client which is the best explanation a Degeneration of cholinergic neurons and a deficit in acetylcholine leads to neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles b Decreased amount of acetylcholine to cholinergic receptors produces weak muscles and reduced nerve impulses c Myelin sheaths of nerve fibers in brain and spinal cord develop lesions or plaques d Imbalance of dopamine and acetylcholine leads to degeneration of neurons in midbrain and extrapyramidal motor tracts b Decreased amount of acetylcholine to cholinergic receptors produces weak muscles and reduced nerve impulses 2 For the client receiving pyridostigmine administration the nurse should monitor for which adverse reaction a Hypertension b Bronchospasm c Thrombocytopenia d StevensJohnson syndrome b Bronchospasm 3 A client has spasticity following a spinal cord injury The nurse should expect which drug to be prescribed to treat this clients spasticity a Tacrine b Ropinirole c Carisoprodol d Pyridostigmine c Carisoprodol 4 A client with multiple sclerosis is in the chronic progressive phase The nurse should expect which drug to be most helpful at this time a Interferon β1a Avonex Rebif b Glucocorticoids c Azathioprine Imuran d Cyclophosphamide Cytoxan d Cyclophosphamide Cytoxan 5 A client is taking carisoprodol Soma Which statement would the nurse include in teaching the client about this drug a It may cause hypertension b It may lead to bradycardia c It blocks interneuronal activity d Its action is decreased by antihistamines c It blocks interneuronal activity 6 A client who is prescribed pyridostigmine bromide Mestinon is being taught about the drug Which statements should the nurse include in the teaching Select all that apply a The drug must be taken on time b The drug must be taken two times per day c Underdosing can result in cholinergic crisis d Overdosing can result in cholinergic crisis e The client should report the adverse effects of tachycardia to the health care provider a The drug must be taken on time c Underdosing can result in cholinergic crisis d Overdosing can result in cholinergic crisis 7 A client is beginning to take carisoprodol Soma Which interventions should the nurse include in the care of this client Select all that apply a Ask the client if there is any history of narrowangle glaucoma b Inform the client that muscular pain is usually relieved within 1 week c Tell the client to report dizziness and double vision to the health care provider d Advise the client to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants e Instruct the client that this drug should not be stopped abruptly b Inform the client that muscular pain is usually relieved within 1 week c Tell the client to report dizziness and double vision to the health care provider d Advise the client to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants e Instruct the client that this drug should not be stopped abruptly Chapter 26 1 The nurse knows that which medication will cause the least gastrointestinal distress a aspirin b ketorolac c celecoxib d ibuprofen c celecoxib 2 A client states during a medical history that he takes several acetaminophen tablets throughout the day The nurse teaches the client that the dosage should not exceed which amount a 1 gday b 2 gday c 4 gday d 6 gday c 4 gday 3 For the client receiving periodic morphine IV push which is most critical for the nurse to monitor a Fever b Diarrhea c Respirations d White blood cell count c Respirations 4 A client is admitted to the emergency department in respiratory depression following selfinjection with hydromorphone The admitting nurse knows that which drug will reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose a fentanyl b naloxone c butorphanol d sufenta b naloxone 5 Assessing a client following IV morphine administration the nurse notes cold clammy skin a pulse of 40 beatsmin respirations of 10 breathsmin and constricted pupils Which medication will the client likely need next a naloxone Narcan b meloxicam Mobic c pentazocine Talwin d propoxyphene Darvon a naloxone Narcan 6 For the client who is taking acetaminophen Tylenol what should the nurse do Select all that apply a Monitor routine liver enzyme tests b Encourage the client to check package labels of OTC drugs to avoid overdosing c Teach the diabetic client taking acetaminophen to check blood glucose more frequently d Teach the female client that oral contraceptives can increase the effect of acetaminophen e Teach the client that caffeine decreases the effects of acetaminophen a Monitor routine liver enzyme tests b Encourage the client to check package labels of OTC drugs to avoid overdosing c Teach the diabetic client taking acetaminophen to check blood glucose more frequently 7 For the client who is taking nalbuphine Nubain what should the nurse do Select all that apply a Monitor any changes in respirations b Instruct the client to report bradycardia c Administer IV nalbuphine undiluted d Explain to the client to expect an excessive amount of urine output e Instruct the client to avoid alcohol when taking nalbuphine to avoid respiratory depression a Monitor any changes in respirations c Administer IV nalbuphine undiluted e Instruct the client to avoid alcohol when taking nalbuphine to avoid respiratory depression 8 The nurse should know that which drugs are used to treat migraine attacks a Triptans b Anticonvulsants c Tricyclic antidepressants d Betaadrenergic blockers a Triptans Chapter 27 1 The nurse realizes that facial grimacing involuntary upward eye movement and muscle spasms of the tongue and face are indicative of which condition a Akathisia b Acute dystonia c Tardive dyskinesia d Pseudoparkinsonism b Acute dystonia 2 The nurse understands that antipsychotics act in which way a By blocking actions of dopamine b By blocking actions of epinephrine c By promoting prostaglandin synthesis d By enhancing the action of gammaaminobutyric acid a By blocking actions of dopamine 3 An antipsychotic agent fluphenazine Prolixin is ordered for a client with psychosis The nurse knows that this agent can lead to extrapyramidal symptoms EPS that may be treated with which medication a quetiapine Seroquel b aripiprazole Abilify c benztropine Cogentin d chlorpromazine Thorazine c benztropine Cogentin 4 An atypical antipsychotic is prescribed for a client with psychosis The nurse understands that this category of medications includes which drug a clozapine Clozaril b loxapine Loxitane c haloperidol Haldol d thiothixene Navane a clozapine Clozaril 5 The nurse is aware of which fact regarding lorazepam Ativan a It may cause confusion and blurred vision b It has a maximum adult dose of 25 mgday c When combined with cimetidine it causes plasma levels to be decreased d It interferes with the binding of dopamine receptors a It may cause confusion and blurred vision 6 A client is receiving haloperidol Haldol Which nursing interventions should the nurse perform Select all that apply a Monitor vital signs to detect bradycardia b Remain with the client until medication is swallowed c Monitor vital signs to detect orthostatic hypotension d Assess the client for evidence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome e Observe the client for acute dystonia akathisia and tardive dyskinesia b Remain with the client until medication is swallowed c Monitor vital signs to detect orthostatic hypotension d Assess the client for evidence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome e Observe the client for acute dystonia akathisia and tardive dyskinesia 7 A client appears to have had an overdose of phenothiazines The nurse is aware that the potential treatment for phenothiazine overdose includes which interventions Select all that apply a Gastric lavage b Adequate hydration c Maintaining an airway d fluphenazine Prolixin e risperidone Risperdal f Activated charcoal administration a Gastric lavage b Adequate hydration c Maintaining an airway f Activated charcoal administration Chapter 28 1 A client is admitted with bipolar affective disorder The nurse acknowledges that which medication is used to treat this disorder for some clients in place of lithium a thiopental b gingko biloba c fluvoxamine Luvox d divalproex Depakote d divalproex Depakote 2 The nurse realizes that some herbs interact with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs Which herb interaction may cause serotonin syndrome a feverfew b mahuang c St Johns wort d gingko biloba c St Johns wort 3 A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor SSRI is prescribed for a client The nurse knows that which drug is an SSRI a paroxetine Paxil b amitriptyline Elavil c divalproex sodium Depakote d bupropion HCl Wellbutrin a paroxetine Paxil 4 A client is taking tranylcypromine sulfate Parnate for depression What advice should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this medication a Warn of severe hypotension b Avoid beer and cheddar cheese c Encourage ginseng and ephedra d Encourage fruit such as bananas b Avoid beer and cheddar cheese 5 Which statement is true concerning lithium a The maximum dose is 34 gday b The therapeutic drug range is 25 to 35 mEqL c Lithium increases receptor sensitivity to GABA d Concurrent NSAIDs may increase lithium levels d Concurrent NSAIDs may increase lithium levels 6 When a client is taking an antidepressant what should the nurse do Select all that apply a Monitor the client for suicidal tendencies b Observe the client for orthostatic hypotension c Teach the client to take the drug with food if GI distress occurs d Tell the client that the drug may not have full effectiveness for 1 to 2 weeks e Advise the client to maintain adequate fluid intake of 2 Lday a Monitor the client for suicidal tendencies b Observe the client for orthostatic hypotension c Teach the client to take the drug with food if GI distress occurs d Tell the client that the drug may not have full effectiveness for 1 to 2 weeks 7 A client is taking lithium The nurse should be aware of the importance of which nursing interventions Select all that apply a Observe the client for motor tremors b Monitor the client for orthostatic hypotension c Draw lithium blood levels immediately after a dose d Advise the client to drink 750 mLday of fluid in hot weather e Advise the client to avoid caffeinated foods and beverages such as coffee tea colas and chocolate f Teach the client to take lithium with meals to decrease gastric irritation a Observe the client for motor tremors b Monitor the client for orthostatic hypotension e Advise the client to avoid caffeinated foods and beverages such as coffee tea colas and chocolate f Teach the client to take lithium with meals to decrease gastric irritation NCLEX book chapter 59 676 A client has a prescription to take guaifenesin Mucinex The nurse determines that the client understands the proper administration of this medication if the client states that he or she will 1 Take an extra dose if fever develops 2 Take the medication with meals only 3 Take the tablet with a full glass of water 4 Decrease the amount of daily fluid intake 3 Take the tablet with a full glass of water 677 A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of naloxone hydrochloride Narcan intravenously to a client with an intravenous opioid overdose Which supportive medical equipment would the nurse plan to have at the clients bedside if needed 1 Nasogastric tube 2 Paracentesis tray 3 Resuscitation equipment 4 Central line insertion tray 3 Resuscitation equipment 678 A nurse teaches a client about the effects of diphenhydramine Benadryl which has been prescribed as a cough suppressant The nurse determines that the client needs further instructions if the client states that he or she will 1 Take the medication on an empty stomach 2 Avoid using alcohol while taking this medication 3 Use sugarless gum candy or oral rinses to decrease dry mouth 4 Avoid activities requiring mental alertness while taking this medication 1 Take the medication on an empty stomach 679 A cromolyn sodium Intal inhaler is prescribed for a client with allergic asthma A nurse provides instructions regarding the side effects of this medication The nurse tells that client that which undesirable effect is associated with this medication 1 Insomnia 2 Constipation 3 Hypotension 4 Bronchospasm 4 Bronchospasm 680 Terbutaline Brethine is prescribed for a client with bronchitis A nurse understands that this medication should be used with caution if which of the following medical conditions is present in the client 1 Osteoarthritis 2 Hypothyroidism 3 Diabetes mellitus 4 Polycystic disease 3 Diabetes mellitus 681 Zafirlukast Accolate is prescribed for a client with bronchial asthma Which laboratory test does the nurse expect to be prescribed before the administration of this medication 1 Platelet count 2 Neutrophil count 3 Liver function tests 4 Complete blood count 3 Liver function tests 682 A client has been taking isoniazid INH for 1 months The client complains to a nurse about numbness paresthesias and tingling in the extremities The nurse interprets that the client is experiencing 1 Hypercalcemia 2 Peripheral neuritis 3 Small blood vessel spasm 4 Impaired peripheral circulation 2 Peripheral neuritis 683 A client is to begin a 6month course of therapy with isoniazid INH A nurse plans to teach the client to 1 Use alcohol in small amounts only 2 Report yellow eyes or skin immediately 3 Increase intake of Swiss or aged cheeses 4 Avoid vitamin supplements during therapy 2 Report yellow eyes or skin immediately 684 A client has been started on longterm therapy with rifampin Rifadin A nurse teaches the client that the medication 1 Should always be taken with food or antacids 2 Should be doubledosed if one dose is forgotten 3 Causes orange discoloration of sweat tears urine and feces 4 May be discontinued independently if symptoms are gone in 3 months 3 Causes orange discoloration of sweat tears urine and feces 685 A nurse has given a client taking ethambutol Myambutol information about the medication The nurse determines that the client understands the instructions if the client states to report immediately 1 Impaired sense of hearing 2 Gastrointestinal side effects 3 Orangered discoloration of body secretions 4 Difficulty in discriminating the color red from green 4 Difficulty in discriminating the color red from green 686 A client with tuberculosis is being started on antituberculosis therapy with isoniazid INH Before giving the client the first dose a nurse ensures that which of the following baseline studies has been completed 1 Electrolyte levels 2 Liver enzyme levels 3 Serum creatinine level 4 Coagulation times 2 Liver enzyme levels 687 A nurse has an order to give a client salmeterol Serevent Diskus two puffs and beclomethasone dipropionate Qvar two puffs by metereddose inhaler The nurse administers the medication by giving the 1 Beclomethasone first and then the salmeterol 2 Salmeterol first and then the beclomethasone 3 Alternating a single puff of each beginning with the salmeterol 4 Alternating a single puff of each beginning with the beclomethasone 2 Salmeterol first and then the beclomethasone 688 The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of influenza who first began to experience symptoms yesterday Antiviral therapy is prescribed and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the therapy Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions 1 I must take the medication exactly as prescribed 2 Once I start the medication I will no longer be contagious 3 I will not get any colds or infections while taking this medication 4 This medication has minimal side effects and I can return to normal activities 1 I must take the medication exactly as prescribed 689 A client has begun therapy with theophylline Theo24 A nurse plans to teach the client to limit the intake of which of the following while taking this medication 1 Coffee cola and chocolate 2 Oysters lobster and shrimp 3 Melons oranges and pineapple 4 Cottage cheese cream cheese and dairy creamers 1 Coffee cola and chocolate 690 The nurse has just administered the first dose of omalizumab Xolair to a client Which statement by the client would alert the nurse that the client may be experiencing a life threatening adverse reaction 1 I have a severe headache 2 My feet are quite swollen 3 I am nauseated and may vomit 4 My lips and tongue are swollen 4 My lips and tongue are swollen 691 Rifabutin Mycobutin is prescribed for a client with active Mycobacterium avium complex MAC disease and tuberculosis For which of the following side effects of the medication should the nurse monitor Select all that apply 1 Signs of hepatitis 2 Flulike syndrome 3 Low neutrophil count 4 Vitamin B6 deficiency 5 Ocular pain or blurred vision 6 Tingling and numbness of the fingers 1 Signs of hepatitis 2 Flulike syndrome 3 Low neutrophil count 5 Ocular pain or blurred vision Chapter 61 cardio 717 A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving a continuous heparin infusion at 1000 unitshr The nurse would determine that the client is receiving the therapeutic effect based on which of the following results 1 Prothrombin time of 125 seconds 2 Activated partial thromboplastin time of 60 seconds 3 Activated partial thromboplastin time of 28 seconds 4 Activated partial thromboplastin time longer than 120 seconds 2 Activated partial thromboplastin time of 60 seconds 718 A nurse provides discharge instructions to a postoperative client who is taking warfarin sodium Coumadin Which statement if made by the client reflects the need for further teaching 1 I will take my pills every day at the same time 2 I will avoid alcohol consumption 3 I have already called my family to pick up a MedicAlert bracelet 4 I will take Ecotrin entericcoated aspirin for my headaches because it is coated 4 I will take Ecotrin entericcoated aspirin for my headaches because it is coated 719 A client who is receiving digoxin Lanoxin daily has a serum potassium level of 3 mEqL and is complaining of anorexia A physician prescribes a digoxin level to rule out digoxin toxicity A nurse checks the results knowing that which of the following is the therapeutic serum level range for digoxin 1 05 to 2 ngmL 2 12 to 28 ngmL 3 3 to 5 ngmL 4 35 to 55 ngmL 1 05 to 2 ngmL 720 A client is being treated with procainamide Procanbid for a cardiac dysrhythmia Following intravenous administration of the medication the client complains of dizziness What intervention should the nurse take first 1 Administer prescribed nitroglycerin tablets 2 Measure the heart rate on the rhythm strip 3 Obtain a 12lead electrocardiogram immediately 4 Auscultate the clients apical pulse and obtain a blood pressure 4 Auscultate the clients apical pulse and obtain a blood pressure 721 A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking propranolol Inderal Which assessment data would indicate a potential serious complication associated with propranolol 1 The development of complaints of insomnia 2 The development of audible expiratory wheezes 3 A baseline blood pressure of 15080 mm Hg followed by a blood pressure of 13872 mm Hg after two doses of the medication 4 A baseline resting heart rate of 88 beatsmin followed by a resting heart rate of 72 beatsmin after two doses of the medication 2 The development of audible expiratory wheezes 722 A nurse is caring for a client receiving a heparin intravenous IV infusion The nurse anticipates that which laboratory study will be prescribed to monitor the therapeutic effect of heparin 1 Hematocrit 2 Hemoglobin 3 Prothrombin time 4 Activated partial thromboplastin time 4 Activated partial thromboplastin time 723 A client is diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarction and is receiving tissue plasminogen activator alteplase Activase tPA Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention 1 Monitor for renal failure 2 Monitor psychosocial status 3 Monitor for signs of bleeding 4 Have heparin sodium available 3 Monitor for signs of bleeding 724 A nurse is planning to administer hydrochlorothiazide HydroDIURIL to a client The nurse understands that which of the following are concerns related to the administration of this medication 1 Hypouricemia hyperkalemia 2 Increased risk of osteoporosis 3 Hypokalemia hyperglycemia sulfa allergy 4 Hyperkalemia hypoglycemia penicillin allergy 3 Hypokalemia hyperglycemia sulfa allergy 725 A home health care nurse is visiting a client with elevated triglyceride levels and a serum cholesterol level of 398 mgdL The client is taking cholestyramine Questran Which of the following statements if made by the client indicates the need for further education 1 Constipation and bloating might be a problem 2 Ill continue to watch my diet and reduce my fats 3 Walking a mile each day will help the whole process 4 Ill continue my nicotinic acid from the health food store 4 Ill continue my nicotinic acid from the health food store 726 A client is on nicotinic acid niacin for hyperlipidemia and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication Which statement by the client would indicate an understanding of the instructions 1 It is not necessary to avoid the use of alcohol 2 The medication should be taken with meals to decrease flushing 3 Claycolored stools are a common side effect and should not be of concern 4 Ibuprofen Motrin taken 30 minutes before the nicotinic acid should decrease the flushing 4 Ibuprofen Motrin taken 30 minutes before the nicotinic acid should decrease the flushing 727 A 66yearold client complaining of not feeling well is seen in a clinic The client is taking several medications for the control of heart disease and hypertension These medications include atenolol Tenormin digoxin Lanoxin and chlorothiazide Diuril A tentative diagnosis of digoxin toxicity is made Which of the following assessment data would support this diagnosis 1 Dyspnea edema and palpitations 2 Chest pain hypotension and paresthesia 3 Double vision loss of appetite and nausea 4 Constipation dry mouth and sleep disorder 3 Double vision loss of appetite and nausea 728 A client is being treated for acute congestive heart failure with intravenously administered bumetanide Bumex The vital signs are as follows blood pressure 10060 mm Hg pulse 96 beatsmin and respirations 24 breathsmin After the initial dose which of the following is the priority assessment 1 Monitoring weight loss 2 Monitoring urine output 3 Monitoring blood pressure 4 Monitoring potassium level 3 Monitoring blood pressure 729 Intravenous heparin therapy is prescribed for a client While implementing this prescription a nurse ensures that which of the following medications is available on the nursing unit 1 Protamine sulfate 2 Potassium chloride 3 Aminocaproic acid Amicar 4 Vitamin K AquaMEPHYTON 1 Protamine sulfate 730 A client is receiving thrombolytic therapy with a continuous infusion of streptokinase Streptase The client suddenly becomes extremely anxious and complains of itching A nurse hears stridor and on examination of the client notes generalized urticaria and hypotension Which of the following should be the priority action of the nurse 1 Administer oxygen and protamine sulfate 2 Stop the infusion and call the physician 3 Cut the infusion rate in half and sit the client up in bed 4 Administer diphenhydramine Benadryl and continue the infusion 2 Stop the infusion and call the physician 731 A client is admitted with pulmonary embolism and is to be treated with streptokinase Streptase A nurse would report which of the following assessments to the physician before initiating this therapy 1 Adventitious breath sounds 2 Temperature of 994 F orally 3 Blood pressure of 198110 mm Hg 4 Respiratory rate of 28 breathsmin 3 Blood pressure of 198110 mm Hg 732 The nurse is monitoring a client who is taking digoxin Lanoxin for adverse effects Which findings are characteristic of digoxin toxicity Select all that apply 1 Tremors 2 Diarrhea 3 Irritability 4 Blurred vision 5 Nausea and vomiting 2 Diarrhea 4 Blurred vision 5 Nausea and vomiting chapter 67 neuro 816 Carbidopalevodopa Sinemet is prescribed for the client with Parkinsons disease The nurse monitors the client for side effects to the medication Which of the following would indicate that the client is experiencing a side effect 1 Pruritus 2 Tachycardia 3 Hypertension 4 Impaired voluntary movements 4 Impaired voluntary movements 817 The home health nurse visits a client who is taking phenytoin Dilantin for control of seizures During the assessment the nurse notes that the client is taking birth control pills Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching plan 1 Pregnancy should be avoided while taking phenytoin 2 The client may stop the medication if it is causing severe gastrointestinal effects 3 There is the potential of decreased effectiveness of birth control pills while taking phenytoin 4 There is the increased risk of thrombophlebitis while taking phenytoin and birth control pills together 3 There is the potential of decreased effectiveness of birth control pills while taking phenytoin 818 The nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department diagnosed with Bells palsy The client has been taking acetaminophen Tylenol and acetaminophen overdose is suspected The nurse anticipates that the antidote to be prescribed is 1 Pentostatin Nipent 2 Auranofin Ridaura 3 Fludarabine Fludara 4 Acetylcysteine Mucomyst 4 Acetylcysteine Mucomyst 819 The client with trigeminal neuralgia tells the nurse that acetaminophen Tylenol is taken daily for the relief of generalized discomfort Which laboratory value would indicate toxicity associated with the medication 1 Sodium level of 140 mEqL 2 Prothrombin time of 12 seconds 3 Direct bilirubin level of 2 mgdL 4 Platelet count of 400000mm3 3 Direct bilirubin level of 2 mgdL 820 The client is taking the prescribed dose of phenytoin Dilantin to control seizures Results of a phenytoin blood level study reveal a level of 35 mcgmL Which of the following symptoms would be expected as a result of this laboratory result 1 Hypotension 2 Tachycardia 3 Slurred speech 4 No symptoms because this is a normal therapeutic level 3 Slurred speech 821 The client arrives at the emergency department complaining of back spasms The client states I have been taking two to three aspirin every 4 hours for the last week and it hasnt helped my back Aspirin intoxication is suspected and the nurse assesses the client for which of the following 1 Tinnitus 2 Diarrhea 3 Constipation 4 Photosensitivity 1 Tinnitus 822 A client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with carbamazepine Tegretol 400 mg orally daily Which of the following indicates that the client is experiencing a side effect to the medication 1 Uric acid level 5 mgdL 2 Sodium level 140 mEqL 3 Blood urea nitrogen level 15 mgdL 4 White blood cell count 3000mm3 4 White blood cell count 3000mm3 823 The nurse is caring for a client with severe back pain Codeine sulfate has been prescribed for the client Which of the following does the nurse specifically include in the plan of care while the client is taking this medication 1 Monitor fluid balance 2 Monitor bowel activity 3 Monitor peripheral pulses 4 Monitor for hypertension 2 Monitor bowel activity 824 The nurse has given medication instructions to the client receiving phenytoin Dilantin The nurse determines that the client has an adequate understanding if the client states that 1 Alcohol is not contraindicated while taking this medication 2 Good oral hygiene is needed including brushing and flossing 3 The medication dose may be selfadjusted depending on side effects 4 The morning dose of the medication should be taken before a serum drug level is drawn 2 Good oral hygiene is needed including brushing and flossing 825 The client with myasthenia gravis has become increasingly weaker The physician prepares to identify whether the client is reacting to an overdose of the medication cholinergic crisis or an increasing severity of the disease myasthenic crisis An injection of edrophonium Tensilon is administered Which of the following would indicate that the client is in cholinergic crisis 1 No change in the condition 2 Complaints of muscle spasms 3 An improvement of the weakness 4 A temporary worsening of the condition 4 A temporary worsening of the condition 826 Meperidine hydrochloride Demerol has been prescribed for a client to treat pain Select the side effects of this medication Select all that apply 1 Diarrhea 2 Tremors 3 Drowsiness 4 Hypotension 5 Urinary frequency 6 Increased respiratory rate 2 Tremors 3 Drowsiness 4 Hypotension chapter 77 psych 944 A clients medication sheet contains a prescription for sertraline Zoloft To ensure safe administration of the medication a nurse would administer the dose 1 On an empty stomach 2 At the same time each evening 3 Evenly spaced around the clock 4 As needed when the client complains of depression 2 At the same time each evening 945 A client with schizophrenia has been started on medication therapy with clozapine Clozaril A nurse assesses the results of which laboratory study to monitor for adverse effects from this medication 1 Platelet count 2 Blood glucose level 3 White blood cell count 4 Liver function studies 3 White blood cell count 946 A client is scheduled for discharge and will be taking phenobarbital Luminal for an extended period A nurse would place highest priority on teaching the client which of the following points that directly relates to client safety 1 Take the medication only with meals 2 Take the medication at the same time each day 3 Use a dose container to help prevent missed doses 4 Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication 4 Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication 947 A nurse is describing the medication side effects to a client who is taking oxazepam Serax The nurse incorporates in discussions with the client the need to 1 Consume a lowfiber diet 2 Increase fluids and bulk in the diet 3 Rest if the heart begins to beat rapidly 4 Take antidiarrheal agents if diarrhea occurs 2 Increase fluids and bulk in the diet 948 A nurse is administering risperidone Risperdal to a client who is scheduled to be discharged Before discharge which of the following should the nurse teach the client 1 Get adequate sunlight 2 Avoid foods rich in potassium 3 Continue driving as usual 4 Get up slowly when changing positions 4 Get up slowly when changing positions 949 A nurse is teaching a client who is being started on imipramine Tofranil about the medication The nurse informs the client that the maximum desired effects may 1 Start during the first week of administration 2 Not occur for 2 to 3 weeks of administration 3 Start during the second week of administration 4 Not occur until after 2 months of administration 2 Not occur for 2 to 3 weeks of administration 950 A client receiving tricyclic antidepressants arrives at the mental health clinic Which observation would indicate that the client is following the medication plan correctly 1 Client reports not going to work for this past week 2 Client arrives at the clinic neat and appropriate in appearance 3 Client complains of not being able to do anything anymore 4 Client reports sleeping 12 hours per night and 3 to 4 hours during the day 2 Client arrives at the clinic neat and appropriate in appearance 951 A nurse notes that a client with schizophrenia and receiving an antipsychotic medication is moving her mouth protruding her tongue and grimacing as she watches television The nurse determines that the client is experiencing 1 Parkinsonism 2 Tardive dyskinesia 3 Hypertensive crisis 4 Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 2 Tardive dyskinesia 952 A nurse is performing a followup teaching session with a client discharged 1 month ago The client is taking fluoxetine Prozac What information would be important for the nurse to obtain during this client visit regarding the side effects of the medication 1 Cardiovascular symptoms 2 Gastrointestinal dysfunctions 3 Problems with mouth dryness 4 Problems with excessive sweating 2 Gastrointestinal dysfunctions 953 A client who has been taking buspirone BuSpar for 1 month returns to the clinic for a followup assessment A nurse determines that the medication is effective if the absence of which manifestation has occurred 1 Paranoid thought process 2 Rapid heartbeat or anxiety 3 Alcohol withdrawal symptoms 4 Thought broadcasting or delusions 2 Rapid heartbeat or anxiety 954 A client taking lithium carbonate Lithobid reports vomiting abdominal pain diarrhea blurred vision tinnitus and tremors The lithium level is 25 mEqL The nurse interprets this level as 1 Toxic 2 Normal 3 Slightly above normal 4 Excessively below normal 1 Toxic 955 A home health nurse visits a client The client gives the nurse a bottle of clomipramine Anafranil The nurse notes that the medication has not been taken by the client in 2 months What behaviors observed in the client would validate noncompliance with this medication 1 Complaints of insomnia 2 Complaints of hunger and fatigue 3 A pulse rate less than 60 beatsmin 4 Frequent handwashing with hot soapy water 4 Frequent handwashing with hot soapy water 956 A hospitalized client has begun taking bupropion Wellbutrin as an antidepressant agent A nurse monitors this client for which side effect indicating that the client is taking an excessive amount of medication 1 Constipation 2 Seizure activity 3 Increased weight 4 Dizziness when getting upright 2 Seizure activity 957 A hospitalized client is started on phenelzine Nardil for the treatment of depression A nurse instructs the client to avoid consuming which foods while taking this medication Select all that apply 1 Figs 2 Yogurt 3 Crackers 4 Aged cheese 5 Tossed salad 6 Oatmeal cookies 1 Figs 2 Yogurt 4 Aged cheese ine betaadrenergic agonists bronchodilate increase vasc resist ex norepinephrine Levophed dopamine Inotropin used cardiac arrest COPD adfx anticholinergic dysrhythmias pam benzodiazepine adfx depression CNS depression addictive dc slowly caffeine and nicotine decreases effectiveness lol beta blocker adfx bronchospasm antibiotics general allergic reaction after 1st time superinfection liver kidney toxic do CS encourage fluids toxic when expired peak level about an hour after IV trough just after its hung mycin micin aminoglycosidesinhibit protein synthesis gram neg adfxoto and nephrotoxic check cranial nerve 8 ear ceph cef cephalosporintonsillitis prophylaxis meningitisbacterial wall inhibitor adfx bone marrow depression GI upset cross allergy wpcn proteinglucose in urine do not drink etoh take with food floaxcin fluoroquinalones dna inhibitor anthrax tx e coli adfx decreased WBC hct elevated liver enzymes dont take with food thromycin macrolidecell membrane binder used in pcn allergy used for dental prophylaxis in valve disorders adfx confusion increases effects of coumadin theophylline take without food cillin penicillininhibits synthesis of cell wall severe infxsyphillis lyme disease adfx stomatitis allergy take without food sulf zulf bactrim sulfonamideantagonizes folic acid synth UC crohns uri adfx peripheral neuropathy photosensitive crystalluria stomatitis take with food encourage fluids mouth care cycline tetracyclineprevents protein synthesis baby eye drops acne adfx discoloration of primary teeth in utero or in early childhood phototoxic toxic when expired take without food uti meds furadantinantiinfective adfx asthma attack take with food and cranberry juice pyridianurinary tract analgesic adfx HA vertigo turns pee orange take with meals antiimpotence drugs adfx HA hypotn priaprism grapefruit juice interaction lipitor viagra anticholinergic block parasymp nerve dilate pupil bronchodilation decrease secretions decrease GI motility and secretions uses eye exams motion sickness adfxurinary retention dry mouth hypotn and inc HR probanthine atropine bromide ium not with meals or paralytic ileus arin anticoagulant adfx bleeding hematuria heparin blocks conversion of prothrombin to thrombin used in PE venous thrombosis after acute MI PTT 3075 antidote for heparin protamine sulfate warfarin interferes with vit k clotting factors used in PE vt prophylaxis after acute MI adtl adfx alopecia takes 5 days for therapy to work PT 1435 INR 23 vit c decreases effectiveness antidote for warfarin vit k avoid vit k while taking it AVOID GARLIC GINKO GINGER w anticoags anticonvulsant adfx gingival hypertrophy resp depression aplastic anemia turn urine pink or reddish brown Dilantin can cause cardiac arrest if pushed too fast CAN NOT BE MIXED WITH ANOTHER MED no carbonation with depakote mARplan pARnate nARdil trade names MAOI antidepressant4 wk to effectiveness adfx Hypertensive crisis with tyramine foods aged cheese liver yogurt beer wine pickled foods herring bologna salami bananas potentiate alcohol interactions with CNS stimulants or cold meds etine aline SSRI antidepressant 4 weeks for effect adfx anxiety urinarybowel retention insomnia at hs pink urine suicide risk on upswing tricyclic antidepressant used also for sleep apnea amitryptalin Elavil imipramine Tofranil desipramine Norpramin adfx postural hypotension confusion urinary retention suicide risk take at hs 26 weeks for effectiveness wean off no alcohol care in sun heterocyclic antidepressant Wellbutrin trazadone used also for smoking cessation adfx wellbutrin agitation and insomnia trazadone sedation wean slowly no alcohol ase antidiabetic also Dymelor for type II only adfx skin reaction hypoglycemia take prior to eating EAT alcohol aspirin sulfonamides oral birth control maois affect action

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Ch79 Essentials FLASHCARDS WRITE SPELL TEST MATCH GRAVITY Upgrade to remove ads Only 1month At what point do voters select officeholders CLICK THE CARD TO FLIP IT General election CLICK THE ARROWS BELOW TO ADVANCE 1 48 Terms in this set 48 At what point do voters select officeholders General election What is the difference between a convention and a caucus One has members the other just has likeminded people What is a ballot The device voters use to vote Which division of government controls most aspects of elections state government Is hard money or soft money subject to reporting requirements hard money Who gives public subsidies to campaigns State and federal treasuries The nominating process narrows the field of possible candidates for an election Voters select government officials during the general election Most nominations today are made by direct primaries In a closed primary only registered party members may vote The election process is largely governed by state law Congress has set the day for national elections as the Tuesday after the first Monday in November on evennumbered years The place at which voters actually vote is a polling place An Australian ballot printed t publics expense lists the names of all candidates and is given out only at the polls an example of soft money money given to a major party for a tv ad about the partys goals Federal campaign laws apply to presidential and congressional elections only Public opinion attitudes of a significant number of people about public affairs Three factors that influence public opinion family education occupation List the steps in scientific polling choose universe get a sample prepare and ask valid questions Four indicators of public opinion election results interests groups media personal contacts How do the media affect the public agenda They play a large part by allowing political candidates to reach the public directly without party members Four forms of the media with the greatest impact on politics TV radio magazines newspapers Public opinion the attitudes held by many Americans Most important factors in political socialization family and education A popular movie star speaking publicly about a political issue opinion leader A candidates victory in an election is sometimes interpreted by himher as a mandate Asking the same question about an upcoming election to many people would be considered conducting Most accurate way to measure public opinion scientific polling Not part of mass media music CDs Mass media with most impact on American politics TV How has TV affected political campaigns it has made the public less interested in elections Public agenda the public issues think and talk about What is an interest group Private organization whose members share views 2 positive contributions of interest groups they keep tabs on government and limit each others extremes Who do labor unions represent Their specific worker group such as policemen What is the purpose of the National Farmers Union to protect agricultural interest How do singleinterest groups decide whether or not to support a political candidate The see if the candidate supports their issue On what process does lobbying put pressure Public policy An interest group is a private organization that forms to promote the interests of its members What is a public policy the governments goals and actions A positive activity of interest groups is to get people interested in public affairs provide info to government and join together people from different regions Interest groups are often criticized for engaging in dishonest behavior The American Bankers Association is an example of an interest group An economic interest that is represented by most interest groups business agricultural and professional interests A singleinterest group works on electing or defeating based on one issue A lobbyist encouraging parents to write letters to their representatives in Congress in support of an education bill grassroots pressure A political action committees purpose is to raise money for political candidates Lobbyists activities are regulated by laws

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


ACCT CHP 7 FLASHCARDS WRITE SPELL TEST MATCH GRAVITY Upgrade to remove ads Only 1month Differential analysis CLICK THE CARD TO FLIP IT focusing on the costs and benefits that differ between the alternatives CLICK THE ARROWS BELOW TO ADVANCE 1 24 Terms in this set 24 Differential analysis focusing on the costs and benefits that differ between the alternatives Relevant costs a cost that differs between alternatives Relevant benefit a benefit that differs between alternatives Avoidable cost a cost that can be eliminated in whole or in part by choosing one alternative over another avoidable costs are relevant costs unavoidable costs are irrelevant costs 2 categories of costs are never relevant in any decision 1 Sunk costs a cost that has already been incurred and can not be avoided regardless of what a manager decides to do 2 A future cost that does not differ between the alternatives is never relevant in a decision Different costs for diff purposes Costs that are relevant in one decision situation may not be relevant in another context in each decision situation the manager must examine the data at hand and isolate the relevant costs Using the differential approach is desirable for 2 reasons 1 Only rarely will enough information be available to prepare detailed income statements for both alternatives 2Mingling irrelevant costs with relevant costs may cause confusion and distract attention away from the information that is really critical AddingDropping Segments one of the most important decisions managers make is whether to add or drop a business segment a decision to drop an old segment or add a new one is going to hinge primarily on the impact the decision will have on net operating income it is necessary to carefully analyze the costs Comparative Income Approach preparing comparative income statements showing results with and without the digital watch segment The Make or Buy Decision When a company is involved in more than one activity in the entire value chain it is vertically integrated A decision to carry out one of the activities in the value chain internally rather than to buy externally from a supplier is called a make or buy decision making internally there is a smoother flow of parts and materials for production and less dependence on outside suppliers Opportunity cost the benefit that is foregone as a result of pursuing some course of action not actual cash outlays and are not recorded in the formal accounts of an organization Special order a onetime order that is not considered part of the companys normal ongoing business only incremental costs and benefits are relevant since existing fixed manufacturing overhead costs would not be affected by the order they are not relevant Constraint When a limited resource of some type restricts the companys ability to satisfy demand best way to make use of a constraint is increase the capacity of the bottleneck Bottleneck The machine or process that is limiting overall output it is the constraint Utilization of a Constrained Resource Fixed costs are usually unaffected in these situations so the product mix that maximizes the companys total contribution margin should ordinarily be selected A company should not necessarily promote those products that have the highest unit contribution margins Rather total contribution margin will be maximized by promoting those products or accepting those orders that provide the highest contribution margin in relation to the constraining resource Managing Constraints It is often possible for a manager to increase the capacity of a bottleneck which is called relaxing or elevating the constraint in numerous ways such as 1 Working overtime on the bottleneck 2 Subcontracting some of the processing that would be done at the bottleneck 3 Investing in additional machines at the bottleneck 4 Shifting workers from nonbottleneck processes to the bottleneck 5 Focusing business process improvement efforts on the bottleneck 6 Reducing defective units processed through the bottleneck Joint Costs In some industries a number of end products are produced from a single raw material input Two or more products produced from a common input are called joint costs are incurred up to the splitoff point can not be avoided once a process has started are irrelevant in decisions regarding what to do with a product after split off splitoff point The point in the manufacturing process where each joint product can be recognized as a separate product is called the splitoff point Sell or Process Further Joint costs are irrelevant in decisions regarding what to do after the splitoff point Therefore these costs should not be allocated to end products for decisionmaking purposes With respect to sell or process further decisions it is profitable to continue processing a joint product after the splitoff point so long as the incremental revenue from such processing exceeds the incremental processing costs incurred after the splitoff point What are synonyms for an avoidable cost Incremental cost Differential cost vertical integration when a company is involved in more than one activity in the entire value chain less dependence on suppliers managers may choose to retain an unprofitable product line because it helps sell other products because it attracts customers a set of activities ranging from development to production to aftersales service the value chain the decision to add or drop a product line should be based on the impact the decision will have on the net operating income

B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Bio 107 duos Chapter 16 Viruses FLASHCARDS WRITE SPELL TEST MATCH GRAVITY Upgrade to remove ads Only 1month Most Viruses CLICK THE CARD TO FLIP IT infect only a few closely related species CLICK THE ARROWS BELOW TO ADVANCE 1 30 Terms in this set 30 Most Viruses infect only a few closely related species Birds and pigs carry the influenza viruses that infect men Viruses are smaller than cells Genetic information in viruses can be DNA or RNA capsid protein coat of a virus envelope a layer of host cell membrane attached to a virus HIV singlestranded RNA virus Bacteriophages viruses that infect bacteria shape of virus determined by its protein coat host range type of organisms or cells that a virus can infect sequence of viral replication Attachmentpenetrationsynthesis assemblyrelease Penetration stage of viral replication in which the viral nucleic acid is released inside the cell synthesis stage of viral replication in which the host cell produces viral nucleic acids and proteins attachment stage of viral replication in which the virus binds a cell surface receptor stage of viral replication in which the new viruses leave the host cell assembly stage of viral replication in which viral components are put together to form new virus lytic infection type of viral infection in which virus enters host cell immediately replicates and causes host cell to burst lysogenic infection type of viral infection in which a virus enters a host cell and then remains dormant in a host cells chromosomes phage therapy the treating of a viral infection by inoculating the host with a bacterial virus reservoir Viral DNA inserted into a chromosome of the host HIV 2 is a retrovirus Reverse transcriptase the enzyme that HIV uses to convert its RNA into DNA Retrovirus treatment protease inhibitor and AZT Vaccinations best weapon for fighting viruses virion an infectious RNA molecule prion an infectious protein Are viruses living organisms No they do not reproduce on their own Antibiotics inhibit synthesis of cell walls AZT inhibits reverse transcriptase Viruses 2 are not considered alive but CAN EVOLVE YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE 41 terms Ch 6 Viruses Chapter 6 Acellular Pathogens 41 terms MICROBIO CH 13 29 terms BIOL 102 Viruses OTHER SETS BY THIS CREATOR 14 terms Spanish Final Verbs Chapter 9 page 313 29 terms Chapter 12 verbs Spanish Final 13 terms Spanish Final relationships 21 terms Spanish Final professions THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH 62 terms Biology cells 16 terms Biology 107 Chapter 13 Selu Duos 53 terms Bio 107 duos selu CPt 17 46 terms Bio 107 Duos chapter 18 SELU

B I I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O O