Home Blog App Development Understanding The Use of Unresolved Identifier Error In Xcode Understanding The Use of Unresolved Identifier Error In Xcode Written by Reinder de Vries on June 30 2017 in App Development Its one of the most common errors in Xcode Use of unresolved identifier This error simply means that Xcode doesnt mean what youre talking about But how do you solve it This article lists 3 ways you can solve the Use of unresolved identifier error With these 3 methods you can fix 90 of the causes of the error Lets get started What Unresolved Identifier Means Solution 1 Check Your Code For Typos Solution 2 Google The Exact Error Solution 3 Use Autocomplete Or Quick Help Conclusion What Unresolved Identifier Means Before we begin what does the Use of unresolved identifier error exactly mean You already know that debugging Xcodes error messages can be pretty cryptic and unsurprisingly this error message isnt different In the error message identifier refers to a framework a class a function a property or a variable You can use these identifiers throughout your code for instance to call a function on an instance of a class let dog Dog name Bob dogsit When the class Dog with a capital D does not have a function called sit Xcode will show you the Use of unresolved identifier error Unresolved means that Xcode wasnt able to resolve the identifier it couldnt find it You cant code a variable or function if Xcode doesnt know what you mean Xcode uses the Swift compiler to statically analyze your Swift code With static analysis the compiler can spot bugs and errors by looking at your code before you run your app This helps you to code more productively because you can spot errors early Use of unresolved identifier is such a compiletime error because the error arises when compiling your app Conversely a runtime error is an error that occurs while you run your app So Use of unresolved identifier really means Youre using a framework class function property or variable Xcode doesnt know Learn how to build iOS apps Get started with iOS 12 and Swift 4 Sign up for our iOS development course Zero to App Store and learn how to build professional iOS 12 apps with Swift 4 and Xcode 10 Solution 1 Check Your Code For Typos As you know programming is a pretty exact activity When you make a typing mistake youll get an error Swift code is casesensitive too so myUserNameLabel isnt the same as myusernamelabel Its easy to make a mistake typing some code with your Macs keyboard so your first strategy to solve the Use of unresolved identifier should be to check your code for typos Xcode often tells you on which line an error occured With the red bar itll highlight a line of code in one of your Swift files Unfortunately this isnt always the line of code you need to look at Consider the following scenario Youve created a property called textlabel at the top of your view controller class so you type var textlabel UILabel In the method viewDidLoad you want to access the property to set its text and you type textLabeltext Hammock chicharrones ugh kovfefe See whats going on here Even though the second line of code is essentially correct itll trigger an error because the textLabel property doesnt exist you mistyped it on the first line as textlabel without the capitalized L Even though Xcode tries to be helpful by indicating the offending line of code it cant know for sure what you meant in the first place textLabel with a capital L Want to know the best defense against typos Good code formatting and following conventions If you always do something a particular way its harder to make mistakes Heres some ideas Always use camelCase so capitalize your variables instances and functions per word textLabel locationManager imageData You always start with a lowercase character Always capitalize the first character of a class or struct Doge DetailViewController String Avoid using underscores its unconventional for Swift and Cocoa Touch You must always balance brackets so when you open a bracket you also have to close it Mistakes in brackets arent always clear Properly indent your lines of code Its easiest to indent with 4 spaces or 1 tab after every opening squiggly bracket and to go back one indent after closing with Theres more to it though Solution 2 Google The Exact Error Typos arent the only cause of the Use of unresolved identifier error Xcode indicates it cant find the property or variable youre using but that doesnt mean you made a typo One common cause is that you simply forgot to import the right classes or frameworks import Alamofire If youre using a function from the Alamofire framework but you havent imported it at the top of your Swift file youll definitely see the Use of unresolved identifier error A way to find out that youve in fact forgotten to import a framework is to simply Google for the exact error youre seeing in Xcode Use of unresolved identifier Alamofire When you do that a great number of results show up and youll have to sift through them to see if a solution works for you Dont copy and paste code though Heres some things that came up Theyve replaced something in the frameworks code so code that worked before wont work anymore if you upgraded your framework version When using a wizard for setting up integration with Firebase theyve used a newer class called FirebaseApp when in fact your code still runs on the older version of the framework that uses FIRApp Youre using an ObjectiveC library but you made a typo in the Bridging Header so now when you try to import the library it wont work When you get used to searching on the internet for causes of errors youll quickly get better at sifting through StackOverflow answers and blog comments Its not the most effective way of finding errors As youre learning how to code youll want to gradually get better at coding This means that youll make less mistakes and that youll also know how to better solve them when errors arise without asking or searching for help Quick Tip Its always a good idea to clean and rebuild your app project when you run into strange errors Xcode behaves quirky from time to time and cleaning the project forces Xcode to do a complete rebuild Either press CommandShiftK or CommandOptionShiftK to clean your project Solution 3 Use Autocomplete Or Quick Help Coders are lazy After all were instructing computers to do our work for us So why type all your code yourself Thats where autocompletion comes in Its when you type and Xcode suggests a function or variable in a dropdown list You can click on an item in the list and Xcode automatically inserts the code for you You can then use the Tab key to quickly type in function arguments In Xcode autocomplete is enabled by default If youve disabled it you can always bring it back up by pressing the Esc key after youve typed something Autocompletion is extremely helpful when it comes to calling overriding and implementing functions Functions in Swift can be quite lengthy and its tough to remember them all With autocompletion you make less mistakes and you save time typing code Theres also another sideeffect from autocompletion it uses static analysis to check which functions properties and variables are available in your code So when youre suspecting a particular variable doesnt exist or isnt recognized you can use autocompletion to check if youre right Lets say youre working with a detailTextLabel property in a view controller class Youve accidentally mistyped it but you dont know that yet var detailTexLabel UILabel See theres a t missing In viewDidLoad youve typed in the property but its not recognized You can confirm this by holding the Option key and clicking on the property This will bring up Quick Help a handy Xcode feature When Xcode doesnt recognize the identifier itll show a question mark Smart So how do you solve that Move your cursor to a next line and press the Esc key This will show you a dropdown of all available properties variables and functions You can filter the input by starting to type something In the example above you could start with typing detai The list then filters and you see your property detailTexLabel You spot the error and finally understand why the property wasnt recognized at first Quick Tip Autocompletion can help you debug the scope of variables properties and functions in your code You cant use any variable everywhere in your code scope determines which variable is available in which part of your code For instance variables declared in a function are only available inside that function whereas properties are available throughout the class You can get the Use of unresolved identifier error when youre trying to use a variable thats unavailable in the scope Learn how to build iOS apps Get started with iOS 12 and Swift 4 Sign up for our iOS development course Zero to App Store and learn how to build professional iOS 12 apps with Swift 4 and Xcode 10 Conclusion So now you know You can use 3 techniques to fix the Use of unresolved identifier error in Xcode Check your code for typos Google the exact error Use autocompletion and Quick Help to find recognized identifiers Want to learn more Check out these resources How To Make An App In 9 Steps How To Build A RealTime Chat App With Firebase And Swift How To Pass Data Between View Controllers In Swift Extended The Ultimate Guide To Closures In Swift Variables And Constants In Swift Explained Functions In Swift Explained The Swift 4 Cheatsheet Updated

O O O O O O B I I I B I I O O B I I I B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

use of unresolved identifier
error in xcode


Retesting Options Important Texas Success Initiative TSI testing is mandatory for TSIincomplete students and should be completed prior to orientation Please be advised Students who are TSIincomplete and have not tested before orientation will not be permitted to register for classes at orientation These students may register at a later date once testing is completed and scores have been evaluated by a TSI coordinator Retesting Students are welcome and encouraged to retest to improve your TSI status though we strongly recommend testing before or after the semester If testing at UNT contact the Gateway Center to schedule your retest session and make sure to use the study resources found here Review the TSI testing information below for information about general testing procedures Scores should be submitted to the Learning Center promptly after testing so that any course placements for the following semester may be adjusted if necessary If a student tests during the long semester and earns a score high enough to place them out of the class they are currently taking they should work directly with their professor to determine how they should proceed in the course for the remainder of the semester What is the TSI Assessment The TSIA is designed to help your institution determine if you are ready for collegelevel course work in the general areas of reading writing and mathematics It will also help determine what type of course or intervention will best meet your needs to help you become better prepared for collegelevel course work This is currently THE ONLY APPROVED assessment for students who are not previously exempted We no longer use scores from the THEA or Accuplacer exams What is the PreAssessment Activity PAA This is a brief mandatory activity that will help you understand the importance of the TSIA provide sample test questions and feedback provide an overview of your developmental education options if you need them and offer information on campus resources that will help you succeed during your time in college The PAA is required in order to take the TSIA Once you complete the activity youll receive an email confirmation that you should then present at the time you plan to take your test You can also take a screen shot of the completion page to show proof of completion When can I take the TSI Assessment Make sure you are not exempt by previous test scores coursework or any other method of exemption before moving forward with planning for this test You should study and take the assessment before coming to orientation Note Testing centers fill up very quickly during the summer due to the number of students needing to test Please plan ahead and test well before your orientation session Should I prepare for this exam Yes The TSIA is an exam that should be taken seriously as the score you earn will determine whether you need developmental coursework Check out the resources posted on this site for helpful test preparation information and tools Where can I take the assessment Students are responsible for finding a testing location andor an educational professional ie high school counselor teacher willing to administer the test There are several options to consider Testing at the University of North Texas Denton Campus The TSI Assessment is offered by appointment at the UNT Gateway Testing Center Contact the testing center staff at 9403697617 to schedule an appointment Make sure you review all the TSI test specific information found on the Testing Center s website Testing at another Texas college or university Students can test at their convenience closer to home if there is an open testing center nearby Check with your local collegeuniversity for open testing options For additional help the National College Testing Association publishes helpful information for potential open testing centers If the selected testing center requires one complete the Remote Proctoring Request Students must submit this information to the Learning Center no fewer than three days before the desired test date Testing with a virtual proctor All students have the option to take the TSI Assessment via online virtual proctoring Students using this function must complete a Remote Proctoring Request and have access to ALL of the following Highspeed internet Webcam Microphone A distractionfree work space A willingness to grant virtual control of your computer to a certified proctor Testing outofstate with a Remote Proctor Packet Outofstate students can test at their convenience closer to home if the student requests and completes the Remote Proctor Packet and returns it to the Learning Center for approval at TSIuntedu Check with your local collegeuniversity for open testing options For additional help the National College Testing Association publishes helpful information for potential open testing centers Complete the Remote Proctoring Request which must be submitted no fewer than three days before the desired test date When will I know my score and what do I do with it Usually score reports are available for printing immediately upon completing the assessment and students are responsible for sending these scores to the Learning Center In the event your report is not available for printing please email your full name birth date the name of the location where you tested and your UNT ID number to us so we can attempt to look up your scores If you know when you tested please include that as well Please email fax mail or deliver your report as indicated below Email TSIuntedu Fax 9403698394 Mail UNT Learning Center Attn TSI Evaluation 1155 Union Circle 305038 Denton TX 762035017 In Person Sage Hall Room 315 What does my score mean Remember that your TSI status does NOT affect your admission into the University rather it helps us to determine the courses in which you are ready to enroll As such if you are not exempt from taking the assessment your scores on it will help us determine where to place you in reading writing and mathrelated courses The scores below are the minimum needed to become TSI complete Subject Minimum Score Required Reading 351 Math 350 Writing 363 with 4 on the essay OR 5 essay What if I didnt earn the minimum scores Your TSI coordinator will work with you to determine in which courses you should enroll Depending on your score on the TSIA you may be required to successfully complete developmental coursework in one or more semesters If you are an incoming freshman this initial TSI advising session will occur during orientation and in subsequent semesters until you are TSI complete You should get in the habit of regularly checking your UNT email for updates and directions from your advisors Can I retake the assessment Yes you may take the TSI assessment more than once Consider though that the fee that is required for each testing session Also be sure to send subsequent score reports to the Learning Center for evaluation Top

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Given a nonempty string s and a dictionary wordDict containing a list of nonempty words add spaces in s to construct a sentence where each word is a valid dictionary word Return all such possible sentences Note The same word in the dictionary may be reused multiple times in the segmentation You may assume the dictionary does not contain duplicate words Example 1 Input s catsanddog wordDict cat cats and sand dog Output cats and dog cat sand dog Example 2 Input s pineapplepenapple wordDict apple pen applepen pine pineapple Output pine apple pen apple pineapple pen apple pine applepen apple Explanation Note that you are allowed to reuse a dictionary word Input s catsandog wordDict cats dog sand and cat Output Accepted 140566 Submissions 536268 Contributor Companies Similar Questions Word Break Medium Concatenated Words

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B O O O


Sex Offender The term sex offender refers to an individual who has committed a sexrelated crime While each jurisdiction has different statutes concerning what is considered a sex crime certain crimes such as rape sexual abuse prostitution and sex trafficking are widely accepted as sex crimes In some jurisdictions however people may be charged with a crime simply for engaging in sexual behavior that remains an illegal act in the states laws Most states have abolished laws prohibiting certain sexual acts that occur between consenting adults in the privacy of their own homes which primarily targeted samesex couples To explore this concept consider the following sex offender definition Definition of Sex Offender Noun A person convicted of a crime involving sex including rape molestation and production or distribution of child pornography What is a Sex Offender According to the law a sex offender is an individual who has been convicted of a sexrelated crime or of attempting to commit a sexrelated crime Also referred to as a sex abuser or sexual offender an individual convicted of a sex crime is in most cases required to register with the states sex offender registry which monitors and places restrictions on their activities Any illegal act that involves illegal forced or coerced sexual conduct against another person is considered a sex crime While this definition takes many forms crimes that are known to classify a perpetrator as a sex offender include Sexual assault Rape Statutory rape Sexual abuse of a minor Corruption of a minor Incest Child pornography Prostitution in some circumstances Sex trafficking Transporting a person across jurisdictions with the intent of engaging in sexual activities Sodomy or Bestiality in some jurisdictions Genital mutilation In some states certain offenses that are not sexually motivated can result in being classified as a sex offender These may include Unlawful imprisonment Public urination Indecent exposure Sex Offender Laws Sex offender laws are in place to protect individuals from being forced or coerced to engage in sexual activity against their will These laws also protect individuals who are not physically or mentally able or competent to give consent to sexual activity When an individual has been convicted of a sexual crime and released from prison he is required to follow strict rules and regulations intended to protect the community This involves registering with law enforcement as a sex offender so that his whereabouts and activities can be monitored While other convicted criminals are free of supervision once they are released or complete their time of parole or probation sex offender laws provide law enforcement authority to impose conditions of supervision for an extended period of time or for life in many cases These conditions include approving the sex offenders address and living arrangements as well as prohibiting access to certain areas and prohibiting certain types of media andor internet access Additionally many offenders are prohibited from purchasing possessing or using drugs alcohol and other illegal substances In most jurisdictions sex offenders must allow law enforcement officials to search their homes for prohibited items Other Sex Offender Laws Because the laws of every state vary both in their definition of sexrelated crimes and punishment for such crimes sex offenders in some jurisdictions are likely to be faced with some very different supervision requirements and penalties For instance some states restrict the behavior of sex offenders during Halloween when costumes commonly hide peoples identities and children are easily lured into private situations Some jurisdictions allow the courts to order chemical treatment or surgical castration to lower an offenders sex drive Finally all jurisdictions restrict where a sex offender may live and work This includes prohibiting a sex offender from living within a certain specified distance from any school as well as working in an occupation that involves contact with children Sex offender Registry The Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act of 2006 makes it mandatory for each state to maintain a system to monitor sex offenders after they are released back into the community The sex offender registry in the United States is in place in order for the government and law enforcement authorities to track and monitor the activities of sex offenders Convicted sex offenders are required to register even if they have completed their criminal sentencing The registry is a database that stores information about the offenders According to the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act it is illegal for a sex offender to fail to register or to update his registration information if changes occur National Sex Offender Registry While each state has its own sex offender registry the federal government operates a separate system known as the National Sex Offender Registry This database is maintained by the US Department of Justice and contains an uptodate compilation of the sex offender registries of every state in the country Tiers of Sex Offenses In 2007 the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act was enacted implementing uniform registration requirements in all 50 states The Act breaks sexual offenses into tiers of sex offenders each of which determines the prison term and reporting requirements for various crimes Tier III Sex Offenses Tier III sex offenses are the most serious as they include crimes punishable by at least one year in prison and entails sexual abuse committed against a child under the age of 13 or kidnapping of a minor who is not accompanied by an adult Tier III offenders are required to report for the rest of his life and to notify local authorities every time he moves Tier II Sex Offenses Tier II sex offenses also include crimes punishable by one year in prison but involves sex trafficking transporting an individual with the intent to engage in illegal sexual activities coercion and enticement as well as abusive sexual activity with a minor age 13 or older Tier II offenses also include soliciting a minor to participate in prostitution producing or distributing child pornography or using a minor in a sexual performance Tier II offenders are required to report for 25 years Tier I Sex Offenses Tier I sex offenses include all sexrelated crimes that do not fall into Tier II and III Tier I offenders are required to register for 10 years but must maintain a clean record during that time If the offender commits another sexual offense or any other crime that is punishable by a year or more in prison he must register for 15 years after release from prison Penalties for Sex Offenders Penalties for sex offenders vary greatly depending on many factors but the majority of sex crimes are considered felonies First time offenders committing minor sex crimes often receive more lenient punishments but habitual or violent offenders can face serious consequences When handing down penalties for sex offenders a judge or jury at the trial will often consider Previous sexual offenses Criminal history The age of the victim The age of the offender The nature of the crime Common penalties for sex offenders include imprisonment restitution to victims fines community service and an order to register as a sex offender as specified by state law Some courts also impose additional conditions such as completing treatment programs or seeking counseling Registered Sex Offender A registered sex offender is an individual who has been convicted in court of a sexual crime and has been ordered to place his name and other information on the sex offender registry in the jurisdiction in which he resides Every registered sex offender is required to periodically update his information and to notify law enforcement if he moves or changes jurisdictions Some information about registered sex offenders is made available online Sex Offender Map Many states have provided a sex offender map which allows individuals to search by location as well as by name This allows families to determine whether there are registered sex offenders living in their neighborhoods or near their childrens schools In addition the federal sex offender registry allows a bylocation search which provides the names addresses and photographs of sex offenders living within the chosen distance from the address entered into the form Real Life Sex Offender Cases Because of the wide variety of offenses that are considered to be sexrelated courts across the United States hear and decide sex offender cases every day While most of these court cases involve the prosecution of sexual offenders some of them deal with the laws governing sex offenses and offenders The Establishment of Residency Requirements for Sex Offenders In 2002 the state of Iowa became the first to pass a law restricting where sex offenders who have committed their crimes against minors may live The new law prohibited sex offenders and other offenders found guilty of certain specified crimes from residing within 2000 feet of the property on which a school or childcare center stood The law immediately became the subject of a civil class action lawsuit filed by three registered sex offenders on behalf of all sex offenders who would be affected by the law in the future The plaintiffs claimed that the residency restrictions imposed by the new law left in some cases only small areas of the city in which they could live legally and that in the case of a small town sex offenders may be barred from living anywhere within the town The local district court ruled that the law was indeed unconstitutional on several grounds including The law violated the plaintiffs right to avoid selfincrimination as they would be required to report their residency addresses even if they were living someplace in violation of the law The law violated the plaintiffs rights to due process The law infringed on the plaintiffs fundamental rights to decide how to conduct their family affairs and how to travel The law was not tailored in a sufficiently narrow way so as to serve a compelling state interest The matter was appealed to the United States Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals which reversed the district courts decision holding that a sex offender does not have a constitutional right to live wherever he wants The Appellate court also held that state lawmaker have the discretion of using common sense reasoning in determining what laws are needed to serve the needs of the state and how to protect the states children from sexual offenders Following the April 2005 Appeals Court decision cities and counties within Iowa began enacting their own versions of residency requirements For example the city of Des Moines added to the list of restricted places parks public swimming pools libraries and recreational trails Related Legal Terms and Issues Criminal Act An act committed by an individual that is in violation of the law or that poses a threat to the public Defendant A party against whom a lawsuit has been filed in civil court or who has been accused of or charged with a crime or offense Felony A criminal offense punishable by a year or more in jail Hearing A proceeding before the court at which an issue of fact or law is heard evidence presented and a decision made Jurisdiction The legal authority to hear legal cases and make judgments the geographical region of authority to enforce justice Offense A violation of law or rule the committing of an illegal act Perpetrator A person who commits an illegal or criminal act Trial A formal presentation of evidence before a judge and jury for the purpose of determining guilt or innocence in a criminal case or to make a determination in a civil matter Victim A person who is injured killed or otherwise harmed as a result of a criminal act accident or other event 1 Welcome all discussions Im not a robot reCAPTCHA Privacy Terms 1 Comment threads 0 Thread replies 0 Followers Most reacted comment Hottest comment thread 1 Comment authors Recent comment authors This site uses Akismet to reduce spam Learn how your comment data is processed Guest Jane Lee You can flag a comment by clicking its flag icon Website admin will know that you reported it Admins may or may not choose to remove the comment or block the author And please dont worry your report will be anonymous I am 18 years old and my boyfriend is 17 We live in california and Id like to know exactly what is okay and what is not Of course we dont engage in any sexual activity but where does the line stand for us dating to be okay Can we hold hands Kiss Cuddle If someone reports us for any of these to the police am i protected His parents are very okay with our relationship and sees we are happy if that adds to anything Are you a lawyer No 5 Vote Down Reply 10 months ago

B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


LecturesScriptsWritings Television Scripts Young Peoples Concerts What is Classical Music Overview Television Scripts Writings Speeches Interviews Young Peoples Concert What is Classical Music NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC YOUNG PEOPLES CONCERTS 2 WITH LEONARD BERNSTEIN Air Date Saturday 24 January 1959 12 Noon to 100 PM EST Origination Remote from Carnegie Hall New York City ORCH Handel Water Music Now the question before the house today is What is Classical Music Now anybody knows that that piece of Handel we just played is classical music for instance Right Right So whats the problem why are we asking this question Well theres a good reason as were going to find out today You see everybody thinks he knows what classical music is just any music that isnt jazz like a Stan Kenton arrangement or a popular song like I Cant Give You Anything but Love Baby or folk music like an African war dance or Twinkle Twinkle Little Star But Then people use the word serious music when they mean Handel or Beethoven but there again theres some jazz thats very serious and heavens whats more serious than an African war dance when the kettle is boiling That words no good either Some people use the word highbrow which means that only very smart welleducated people can dig it but we know thats wrong because we all know a lot of people who arent exactly Einsteins wholl dig Beethoven the most Well what about art music Now theres a word a lot of people use to try to describe the Well since all these words are wrong lets try to find one thats right by finding out first what the real difference is between the different kinds of music The real difference is that when a composer writes a piece of whats usually called classical music he puts down the exact notes that he wants the exact instruments or voices that he wants to play or sing those notes even the exact number of instruments or voices and he also writes down as many directions as he can think of to tell the players or singers as carefully as he For instance one conductor might decide that the beginning of Beethovens Fifth Symphony which Im sure you all know you know how it goes Sing it to me Right You havent got the right key but anyway thats how it goes PLAY Beethoven Fifth Symphony Well lets say that one conductor decides that those four notes PLAY Beethoven Fifth Symphony should get a big extra bang on that last note the long one like this ORCH Beethoven Fifth Symphony And then another conductor who is trying just as hard as the first one to figure out what Beethoven really wanted might feel that its the first note of those four that should get the strongest accent Like this ORCH Beethoven Fifth Symphony Then still another conductor maybe not quite so faithful to Beethoven as the first two might decide that the four notes should be played more importantly slower and more majestically like this ORCH Beethoven Fifth Symphony Weve all heard that version of it But in spite of these differences which come out of the different personalities of these three conductors theyre still all conducting the same notes in the same rhythm with the same instruments and with the same purpose which is to make Beethovens printed notes come to life in the way they think hed want them to This means that what people call classical music cant be changed except by the personality of the performer This music is permanent unchangeable exact Now theres a good word exact maybe thats what we should call this But on the other hand if we take a popular song like for instance I Cant Give You Anything but Love Baby theres no end to the ways in which it can be played or sung It can be sung by a chorus or by Louis Armstrong or by Maria Callas or by nobody It can just be played without words by a jazz band or a symphony orchestra or a kazoo slow or fast hot or sentimental loud or soft It just doesnt matter It can be played through once or repeated fifteen times in any key even with PLAY McHugh Fields I Cant Give You Anything but Love Baby Pretty dull isnt it But when Louis Armstrong sings it it begins to sound something like this SING McHugh Fields I Cant Give You Anything but Love Baby or if a cool progressive cat is playing it on the piano at Birdland it might sound something like this PLAY McHugh Fields I Cant Give You Anything but Love BabyAlmost unrecognizable Or if it were sung by lets say the Fred Waring Glee Club it would have a completely different sound It goes something like PLAY McHugh Fields I Cant Give You Anything but Love Baby Something like that But the main thing about all this is that none of those ways is wrong Each way seems right for those particular performers who are doing it at the time and right for the particular occasion at which theyre doing it whether its for dancing or on a television show or at Birdland So now at last we have a better word for classical music exact music and while there may be even a better word for it which I cant think of at the moment at least exact is not a wrong word and classical is Well why is the word classical a wrong word Because you see while there is such a thing as classical music it means something very different from what weve been talking about It doesnt mean longhair music it means only one certain kind of longhair music For instance take this wellknow musical phrase ORCH RimskyKorsakov Scheherezade Do you know what that is Well lets hear it Right Scheherezade OK Next question is that classical music Its not Classical music refers to a very definite period in the history of music which is called the classical period The music that was written in that time is called classical music and Scheherezade simply wasnt written in that time But this music was ORCH Mozart Piano Concerto no 21 Im sure you can tell the difference between Scheherezade and this bit of Mozart we just played The Mozart is classical music Now lets see if we can get some idea of when this classical period happened It lasted about a hundred years from about 1700 to 1800 which is as you know called the 18th Century But what do we know about this 18th Century Well lets take the first half of it for instance the first 50 years Weve all learned in school what America was like during those years it was still being settled pioneers were exploring Now this same time in Europe was very different Over there we find a nice old civilization that had been building for hundreds of years and so by the time the 18th Century rolled around Europe was no longer just exploring and nailing logs together it was already trying to make perfect what it had already built up And so these same first 50 years in Europe were a time of rules and regulations and of getting those rules and regulations to be as exactly right as possible This is what makes classicism this bringing of rules to a pitch Now the two giant musical names of these first 50 years of the 18th Century were Bach and Handel Especially Bach because he took all the rules that the composers who lived before him had been experimenting with and fiddling with and he made those rules as perfect as a human being can make them For instance take that form called the fugue Now the rules of a fugue are something like the printed directions you get when you buy an Erector set they tell you exactly how to build a house or a fire truck or a Ferris Wheel The you make the wheel that goes around the whole construction Thats just what Bach does in a fugue take this one for instance from his Fourth Brandenburg Concerto He lays the foundation for his Ferris Wheel by starting with the viola thats the first section INSTR Bach Brandenburg Concerto no 4 Then he adds the second section by a violin exactly four notches higher which means in musical terms four notes higher and four bars later INSTR Bach Brandenburg Concerto no 4 Now the third piece is attached by another violin five notches higher INSTR Bach Brandenburg Concerto no 4 Then the fourth piece by the cello and the bass way down underneath INSTR Bach Brandenburg Concerto no 4 and finally the fifth piece is put into place by the flute way up on top INSTR Bach Brandenburg Concerto no 4 Now the foundation is built and Bach can start surrounding it with his circular wheel Now the wonderful thing about that foundation is that its not just five separate bits one at a time theyre all joined together which means that whenever a new instrument is added the others still go on playing something else so that by the time the fifth piece is attached by the flute you have five different parts all going at once just as the five different pieces of the Erector set are all joined together at once Now listen to it all together INSTR Bach Brandenburg Concerto no 4 Isnt that marvelous You see thats classical perfection Now Bach died in 1750 which is very convenient for us because it just neatly divides the century into two halves The next 50 years were very different indeed Everything changed the new big giants were now named Haydn and Mozart and their music is completely different from Bachs But it was still classical music because Haydn and Mozart were still looking for the same thing Bach was looking for perfection of form and shape But not through fugues any more Now it was all going to be different Now how does such a change happen Do composers just go to a convention like the Republicans in Chicago and decide by voting to change the style of music Well not at all it happens by itself because as times change and history changes people change with it and composers are people too so it stands to reason that their music is also going to change The people of Haydn and Mozarts time thought Bach was old fashioned and boring with all those fugues and things And they wanted something new not so complicated with pretty tunes and easy accompaniments music that was elegant and refined and pleasant And this was right in line with the times it was a time of elegance and refinement good manners proper etiquette it was a time of lace cuffs and silk suits and powdered wigs and jewelled fans for the lades and gentlemen of the court So out came lovely elegant music for them in which the main thing ORCH Mozart Piano Concerto in C maj Nobody could write melodies like Mozart But that melody beautiful as it is is also full or rules and regulations just as Bachs fugue was only they are a whole bunch of other rules and regulations rules which make the easy pleasant kind of music that was wanted in those second 50 years of the century Another thing about this new easy pleasant kind of music was that it was fun Those people in lace cuffs and powdered wigs wanted to be entertained They wanted amusement and pleasure out of music beautiful melodies sure but also gay witty high spirits ORCH Mozart Overture to the Marriage of Figaro Isnt that fun Its like a ride in a rollercoaster full of laughing and good humor It leaves you breathless It makes you have a good time It makes you smile But when it comes to humor in music real jokes nobody ever beats Haydn Haydn was the great master of amusement Now theres one thing you should know about jokes in music you can never make a musical joke about anything except music Which doesnt mean music cant be funny it means only that it cant be funny about two Martians landed on Earth and said take us to your leader or there were three Scotchmen sitting on a fence and one said to the other Eflats and Fsharps cant tell you anything about Martians and Scotchmen but they still In music composers can make these surprises in lots of different ways by making the music loud when you expect it to be soft or vice versa or by suddenly stopping in the middle of a phrase or by writing a wrong note on purpose a note you dont expect that doesnt belong to the music Lets try one just for fun as a matter of fact You all know those silly notes called SING Shave and a hair cut two bits All right You know that Just for fun you sing Shave and a Haircut and the orchestra will answer you with 2 bits and you see what happens AUDIENCE ORCH Shave and a haircut You laughed But most people dont laugh out loud about musical jokes Thats one of the things about musical humor you laugh inside Otherwise you could never listen to a Haydn symphony its so funny that the laughing would drown out the music Youd never hear it But that doesnt mean that a Haydn symphony isnt funny just the same For instance youve all heard over and over and over again the Surprise Symphony by Haydn where he suddenly bangs out a loud chord in the middle of a soft little piece Well were going to make musical history by not playing the Surprise Symphony today because you all know it so well from hearing it year after year that were going to play something else Were going to take the last movement of the Symphony in Bflat No 102 imagine writing 102 symphonies in fact he wrote 104 well anyway this last movement of no 102 is full of PLAY Haydn Symphony no 102 Did you hear that last little echo in the woodwinds Its like someone laughing at something you just said for instance if you say very seriously SING Haydn Symphony no 102 and someone makes fun of you and goes SING Haydn Symphony no 102 you may not like him for doing it but its still fun its like teasing which is fun Thats just what Haydn does the serious old strings just said ORCH Haydn Symphony no 102 and the little piping woodwinds make fun by imitating and mocking them ORCH Haydn Symphony no 102 Then later on after hes been through some other tunes and jokes he has to come back to this first tune we just heard And the way he slips into it is again a surprise he just sneaks back to it when you least expect it as though you thought your kid brother had gone away on a trip and all the sudden there he turns up hiding under the kitchen table Thats a shock that would make you laugh Thats just what Haydn does Listen to how he does it And remember the first tune were getting back to SING Haydn Symphony no 102 Now listen to how he sneaks back to it ORCH Haydn Symphony no 102 See how sneakily he got back to it sort of while you werent looking boom hes there Later on he has to sneak back again to the same tune but in a different way now its as though your kid brother suddenly turned up in the bathtub ORCH Haydn Symphony no 102 There are lots of other musical jokes he makes in this movement Like this one where he pretends to be starting the tune again and then surprises you by not doing it at all Pretending you know is always fun its like a trick I have a penny in my hand Whoosh its gone What happened to it Thats what Haydn does ORCH Haydn Symphony no 102 And how about that last scale thats really like yelling Boo SING Haydn Symphony no 102 Then he goes on making more false beginnings and scaring you with more sudden louds and sudden softs like this ORCH Haydn Symphony no 102 Now I want to play this whole movement for you its not very long but funny things shouldnt be long anyway Havent you always noticed that the shorter a joke is the more you laugh at it We all know people who tell jokes badly and thats usually because they dont get to the punch line soon enough Well Haydn does hes the best joketeller in the whole history of music ORCH Haydn Symphony no 102 ORCH Mozart Piano Concerto in C maj I think maybe thats my favorite melody in the world but then I always feel that every time I hear a Mozart melody no matter what it is Now the classical period weve been talking about came to an end in the beginning of the 19th century with a great composer named Beethoven Most people think of Beethoven as the greatest composer of all time Why should this be Because Beethoven took all those classical rules of Mozart and Haydn and just went to town with them his music got bigger in every way Where Haydn made a sweet little joke to be told in a living room Beethoven makes jokes that are worldshaking that have to be told in the middle of a raging storm Where Haydn Now that we call romanticism and thats the name we give to the music most of it that was written in the hundred years after Beethoven It means being very free with your emotions not so reserved and proper and shy but telling your deepest feelings right away without even thinking if you should or not Lets see if I can give you an example If Im introduced to a lady named Miss Smith lets make it a girl named Miss Smith and I said How do you do Miss Smith Im very happy to make your acquaintance then Im PLAY Chopin Fantasy in F minor Isnt that romantic Or listen to this bit by the great romantic composer Schumann ORCH Schumann Symphony no 2 See what I mean Thats real burning romantic unashamed emotion real passion right out there for all to see Its pretty different from Mozart and Haydn you must admit Now again the romantic composers didnt just hold a convention in Chicago and decide to go romantic again its a reflection of changes that happen in history the way people live and think and feel and act And it all began strangely enough with that greatest classicist of all Beethoven You see he was two things at the same time He was the last man of the classical period and the first man of the romantic period all at once I guess you could say that he was a classicist who went too far he was so full of feeling So what have we learned today First of all that classical music does not mean just long hair music but certain special kinds of long hair music that were written in the eighteenth century by such people as Bach and Handel then by Mozart and Haydn and finally by the great Beethoven Were going to end by playing Beethovens wonderful overture to Egmont which is about as classical as you can get At the same time it is full of romantic feelings like mystery longing rage triumph and joy Of course its not yet the big wild kind of romanticism ORCH Beethoven Egmont Overture END PRODUCED AND DIRECTED BY Roger Englander WRITTEN BY Leonard Bernstein ASSISTANT TO THE PRODUCER Mary Rodgers PRODUCTION ASSISTANT Candy Finkler DIRECTOR OF SPECIAL PROGRAMS Richard Lewine Script by Leonard Bernstein Amberson Holdings LLC All rights reserved Back to Young Peoples Concerts Directory

O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Advertise with us Emergency crews prepare for the worst with joint training exercise By Patrick Burles PatrickBurles on Twitter October 24 2018 440pm Updated October 24 2018 553pm Emergency crews treat actors with various simulated injuries Lethbridge News NOW Lethbridge News NOW Emergency crews treat actors with various simulated injuries Lethbridge News NOW Lethbridge News NOW Emergency crews treat actors with various simulated injuries Lethbridge News NOW Lethbridge News NOW As the sad reality sets in that incidents like the van attacks in Edmonton and Toronto are becoming more common world wide emergency services in Lethbridge gathered at Exhibition Park to prepare for what was once considered unthinkable Members of the Lethbridge Police Service Lethbridge FireEMS Lethbridge 911 and Alberta Health Services coordinated for the joint disaster emergency response exercise Wednesday Oct 24 In the scenario they devised a man drives a large van into a crowd of people during WhoopUp Days causing mass casualties and fatalities before exiting the vehicle and opening fire on the crowd He then follows those fleeing the scene into the Main Pavilion of Exhibition Park continuing to fire at victims and taking a number of hostages As part of the scenario police say they encounter what appears to be an improvised explosive device on one of the doors to the building while also sorting through information pouring in from 911 calls We cant think were going to be immune to it said LPS Sgt Bruce Hagel noting the long list of mass shooting incidents We have to be prepared as best we can train as much as we can Theres going to be some very good things that were going to do theres going to be some things that are identified as we can do better and thats what its all about During such an incident Hagel pointed to communications as being one of the most significant areas that will be tested coordinating not only between various police assets but also those of the other agencies involved in the situation You can imagine the amount of information thats going to be coming in Hagel explained Coordinating all that and what is factual what has to be relayed to those first responders on the ground to our incident commanders whats a priority I wouldnt say its definitely a weakness but its going to be something that is going to be so key in success of an operation like this TRAINING is underway for emergency services at Exhibition Park this afternoon The scenario is based around an active shooter situation There is No risk to the public Full story to come yql pictwittercomKotS6NuUKA Patrick Burles PatrickBurles October 24 2018 Gerrit Sinke the Deputy Chief of Training and Safety for FireEMS also addressed the media noting that they are trying to take lessons learned from high risk events dating back to Columbine in 1999 He stated that their crews would be tasked with setting up a unified command post with police while paramedics would follow the first wave of police officers into the scene assisting victims as they go The training event that we have running today is truly one of the most challenging events that our first responders are ever going to face said Sinke Were always going to be limited with the amount of resources that we have available dealing with these types of things So just limited resources that have to do an incredible amount of work in a very short period time if we want to save lives After triaging those at the scene the exercise then extends to the Chinook Regional Hospital where they will be practicing their procedures for a mass casualty event known as a code orange AHS South Zone communications director Gwen Wirth explained that patients will be transported to the emergency department at the hospital for treatment Being able to participate in something like this with our community partners is a great exercise and it allows us to look at where our gaps are and to identify those prior to actually being in that situation stated Wirth As for what you should do in the event that you find yourself in the midst of an emergency situation Hagel says there are a few things to focus on with one being a clear priority Their safety is going to be number one clearing of areas getting to a safe spot Obviously if anybody has any information that is going to be relevant to relay that to a person in authority and letting our emergency services workers do what theyre trained to do Lethbridge Community ParamedicsFire TOP STORIES Gasoline prices in most of Canada set to experience extreme volatility CALGARY Plunging world oil prices have delivered a Christmas miracle of lower gasoline prices updated Impact of fatal Alberta welding shop explosion felt kilometres away NISKU Alta RCMP say one man is dead and another man is in hospital after an explosion and H1N1 cases increasing in Alberta MEDICINE HAT As the winter drags on the flu season keeps getting mentioned less until it ends Woman charged with randomly attacking senior on downtown street Exolution The future of Exhibition Park being conceived over the next eight months Advertise with us Advertise with us Advertise with us Join the Discussion We are happy to provide a forum for commenting and discussion Please respect and abide by the house rules Keep it clean keep it civil keep it truthful stay on topic be responsible share your knowledge and please suggest removal of comments that violate these standards See full commenting rules Listen Live Country 955 Listen Live B93 Advertise with us Advertise with us Advertise with us Advertise with us Lethbridge News Now Live Tweets by lethnewsnow

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


My Child Is Getting A Settlement What Happens To The Money October 29 2014 By Shlesinger deVilleneuve Attorneys My Child Is Getting A Settlement What Happens To The Money Part 2 of 2 need to read part one of this series There is one final settlement option for children with regards to personal injury or car accident settlement A structured settlement is an option that provides a financial planning component that parents are often interested in using A traditional settlement is a settlement that is issued in one lump sum check That check is then held in an attorneys trust account until a court authorizes the distribution At that point the funds will generally be deposited in a bank account Depending on the amount of settlement proceeds the bank account may be in the minors name only or be controlled by someone appointed by the court usually a parent or grandparent The child and his or her parents know where the money is and in case of an emergency medical bill related to the original injury settlement the court in its discretion can approve a disbursement of the money and it can be withdrawn from the bank A structured settlement does operate in this way When a structured settlement is set up it is funded with the settlement proceeds Those proceeds are used to purchase future payments for the child To regulate these payments an annuity contract is formed In the contract the parent or legal guardian can indicate when the money is to be paid to the child and it doesnt have to be released in one lump sum when the child turns 18 In a traditional personal injury settlement arrangement when the child turns 18 they can go down to the bank with their ID and withdraw all of the money In some cases this amount can be worth hundreds of thousands of dollars Giving an 18 year old access to that kind of money is dangerous for obvious reasons and the parent guardian or the court for that matter has no legal right to intervene A structured settlement allows the parent a little more control but there are some draw backs In a structured settlement contract a parent can decide the future dates the payments are to be made For instance it is common to see payment plans that disburse a certain lump sum at age 18 funded with 10 of the money Then another certain lump sum at age 21 funded with 20 of the money and so on Plans can be tailored to suit almost any need The annuity is purchased as a qualified funding asset in compliance with IRC130d by the qualified In the structured settlement obviously the longer the money is left with the company the more interest is paid I have seen options that pay a small monthly amount to the child starting at age 18 and continue to make payments until the money runs out I have seen others that make a large payment for four years during the years the child would likely be in college The drawback to this option is that once the payment contract is signed by the parent it can not be changed If an emergency arises where a judge would have in a

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Banking on Shared Values Were a relationshipdriven boutique bank Built with industry expertise Rooted in Israels history Well earn your trust and help you achieve your goals Lets Build a Relationship The Advantages of Banking with Leumi Bank Leumi is a relationshipfocused boutique bank with global reach Headquartered in New York City we also have offices in Chicago Los Angeles Palo Alto and Aventura with a representative office in Tel Aviv Industry Expertise Were focused on key commercial sectors We understand your needs and know how to help you attain your goals READ MORE Personal Relationships We value relationships We believe in creating success together READ MORE History Experience Weve been successfully managing wealth for over 115 years And our Israeli heritage offers a gateway to Israelirelated investment opportunities READ MORE Community Involvement Were making a difference in our communities by committing our time energy and financial resources to nonprofits and charities READ MORE Thought Leaders We bring diverse expertise and deep knowledge to the sophisticated financial needs of our clients around the world Avner Mendelson President Chief Executive Officer Appointed to this role in September 2013 and as a member of the Board of Directors Avner has led the bank through a transformation and invested significantly in human capital technology and infrastructure Ian Bernstein Head of Private Banking Ian has more than 30 years of experience in the financial services industry working in areas including capital markets sales and trading risk funding marketing regulatory compliance and technology Shawn McGowen Chief Banking Officer Shawn leads Leumis growing commercial banking business Since he joined the bank in 2015 he has been instrumental in the commercial banks growth significantly raising key revenue metrics Natalie Myshkina Head of Strategy and PMO Since 2014 Natalie has guided Leumis US growth initiatives She earned an MBA at Wharton and a Masters Degree in computer engineering from Belarusian Polytechnic University and she has previous experience at McKinsey

O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B B O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Library Access Access and borrowing privileges at the Hunter College Libraries are limited to CUNY students faculty and staff and to Hunter College alumni Due to limited resources we can not accommodate students and faculty from other universities and colleges and members of the public We have a reciprocity arrangement only with Empire State College students and faculty who must show valid ID from that institution This arrangement does not extend to other SUNY campuses The library does however sometimes grant access to those researchers whose libraries are members of the Metropolitan New York Library Council METRO and whose research needs can not be met elsewhere This would afford you permission to visit the Hunter College Libraries on a limited basis and would confer onsite reading privileges only Consult with the librarians at your college or university library or the librarians at the New York Public Library at 42nd Street and 5th Avenue Library Privileges The Hunter College Libraries CUNY subscribe to excellent sources of information not available for free on the Web These resources can be accessed remotely by Hunter students faculty using your Hunter NetID password CLICS CUNY Libraries InterCampus Services is a service that allows you to have books delivered from almost anywhere in the CUNY library system to the Hunter campus Refer to the official CLICS page for more information ILL Interlibrary Loan Hunter students and faculty gain access to materials journal articles and books not owned by Hunter College or CUNY Take a look at the Illiad page to make an ILL request online Laptop computers are available at the Reserve Desk for checkout located at the 2nd floor of Cooperman Library and at the circulation desks of the Health Professions Social Work and Zabar Art Libraries These are available to currently registered Hunter College students only Refer to the laptop loan page for more details Selected Services Borrowing Privileges Hunter Databases CLICS Hunter ILL Laptop Loans Hunter Students Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Hunter Grad Students Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Hunter College Now Students Yes No No No No Hunter Faculty Yes Yes Yes Yes No CUNY Students and Faculty Yes Onsite use only Yes No No Hunter Alumni Yes Onsite use only No No No NonCUNY Affiliates Yes Onsite use only No No No METRO Referrals No No No No No Library Access Guidelines Hunter Students Current pass from Welcome Center for current students who dont have their IDs Hunter College Now Students Valid Hunter ID Hunter Faculty Valid Hunter ID Hunter Staff Valid Hunter ID Hunter Alumni Hunter Alumni Card Hunter IELI Students Valid IELI card check date Hunter HS Students Hunter Science HS Valid Hunter HS ID Valid Hunter Science HS ID CUNY Students Faculty Staff Valid ID from other CUNY school Alumni from Other CUNY Schools No access privileges Empire State Students and Faculty Valid Empire State ID card Council on Foreign Relations Pink or White card issued by Hunter College Library Russel Sage Foundation Pink or White card issued by Hunter College Library NonCUNY Users Yellow or blue METRO Metropolitian New York Library Council card only No access for the general public without this Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños All users requesting use of the Centro must be admitted to that library Guests of the Library White card issued by the Hunter College Library check date Please note that Guests of the Library are designated by the Librarian for Public Services They are generally but not exclusively affiliates of an organization needing access for very specific research or purposes The Library reserves the right to restrict or modify guest access

O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Whats the Registry Should I Clean It and Whats the Point Theres nothing more mysterious on a Windows PC than the Registry and today well explain exactly what it is how it works and whether you should bother cleaning it Well also go about debunking a few widespread registry myths along the way As I said the registry has always been a mysteriousif not entirely misunderstoodcomponent of the Windows operating system Today Ive set out to explain in detail what the registry is all about If you already have a working understanding of the registry skip down to the mythbusting section for a little clarity regarding the usefulness of the many registry cleaners out there What Is the Registry The Windows Registry is a hierarchical database that stores settings for virtually everything on a Windows PCfrom application settings user passwords device driver info Windows settings and pretty much everything else Application settings used to be stored in textbased configuration files and with some applications still are with a separate file for every application The Windows Registry is meant to solve that problem by providing a single place for all settings across all applications Advertisement In addition to consolidating system settings storing all of these settings in a single place and in a database format means that accessing values in the registry is much faster than parsing a text configuration fileso the registry can be used for more than just settings In fact most or all of the registry is read into memory each time the system boots so accessing the registry is nearly instant Editing the Registry Advertisement There are a number of methods for editing the registry but most of the time youll just use the regeditexe utility to make changes which you can launch from the start menu search or run boxes Hit WinR paste regeditexe then hit Enter and youre there Once youve opened up the editor youll be presented with a tree view of keys on the lefthand side and the values on the right The most important thing youll want to do when editing the registry is to export the entire key before you make any changesdont ever assume that you can just change the value back You can use regedit to connect to another PC and edit the registry there provided you have the proper network access and the remote registry service is running You can also edit from the command line using the regexe utility which can be very helpful if you need to make a registry change from a machine that wont boot anymoreif you can make it to the recovery console you can manually make the registry change from the command line What Are These reg Files Advertisement If you spend any amount of time browsing Windowstweaking web sites youve undoubtedly come across a downloadable reg file that somebody provides as a way to quickly add a setting to the registry These files are nothing more than simple text files that contain instructions for the regedit utility to add change or remove keys in the registry without any accidental typos that cause your system to crash My recommendation is that before you apply any of these files you first open them up in a text editor to see what they really contain but in general applying a reg file is a lot safer and easier than manually making registry edits provided you trust the source How Is the Registry Stored and How Do I Back it Up Advertisement Even though the registry is supposed to be one consolidated place to store everything on your system its not stored in a single fileall of the system hives other than HKEY_CURRENT_USER are stored under SystemRootSystem32Config and the rest are stored in the SystemRootProfilesUsername folder and there are a lot of files to deal with Your best bet for backing up your registry is simply creating a System Restore point check out our complete guide to Windows system restore for more but most of the popular backup software packages should be able to backup and restore the registry The Complete Guide to Windows System Restore Its Better than You Remember Most of us remember Windows System Restore as a lameduck feature from Windows XP when it seemed Advertisement If you only need to backup a portion of the registry you can open up regedit find the key in the lefthand panel that youd like to backup and use the Export feature from the rightclick menu to save the entire section to a text file format You probably wont want to use this to backup the entire registry but it can be useful if you want to keep a copy of HKEY_CURRENT_USER around in case you need to restore some settingsand youre ready to do some seriously geeky registry hacking For the average user System Restore is not just one that Microsoft recommends Do You Really Need to Clean the Registry Advertisement The internets are chock full of advertisements and testimonials for registry cleaning products that claim to fix every problem on your PC by giving your registry a good scrubbing readers may even remember an unofficial Microsoftsupplied utility called regclean from years back which gives even more validity to the idea that registry cleaning is a very useful pursuit But do they really work The sad answer which we covered while debunking performance tweaking myths is that most of these products are not worth running and while the better ones wont necessarily kill your PC theyre rarely going to help you a lot either If you stop and think about it youll realize that since the registry contains many hundreds of thousands of keys or more removing 50 or even 100 of them isnt going to yield any performance gains Windows expert Ed Bott has some stronger words on the subject Debunking Common Windows Performance Tweaking Myths Click to view As a tech writer one of my biggest pet peeves is the plethora of bad advice littered Id go a step further Dont run registry cleaner programs period I wont go so far as to call them snake oil but what possible performance benefits can you get from cleaning up unneeded registry entries and eliminating a few stray DLL files Advertisement That said there are a few edge cases where cleaning the registry might yield some performance gains if youve installed something that plugs into Windows somehow doesnt work very well and also doesnt uninstall itself properly Most of these problems can be prevented in the first place by simply being more careful about what you install on your PCafter all you shouldnt have to reinstall Windows regularly You Dont Need to Regularly Reinstall Windows Heres Why One of the most persistent myths about Windows is that you need to reinstall the operating system If you disagree with my assessment Id like to issue you this challenge Before calling me out why dont you be the first person to ever have realworld benchmarks proving that registry cleaners make a substantial difference in your system performance I wont hold my breath Advertisement What About Defragging the Registry Another claim youll often read about the registry is that you need to defrag it regularly to keep your PC from being extremely slowin fact Microsoft provides the PageDefrag utility for Windows XP to defragment your pagefile and registry Windows 7 or Vista users will have to turn to a freeware utility like Auslogics Registry Defrag to keep their registry defragmented Advertisement What most people dont realize however is that your registry is fully loaded into RAM when your system boots meaning all reads and writes to the registry are done directly to memory and then loaded to the disk later So while youre going to gain some slight performance gain by making sure your registry isnt too fragmented the reality is that your system isnt going to suddenly be blazing fast because you defragged your registry Geek Secrets Figuring Out Registry Hacks Advertisement Over at the HowTo Geek site Ive regularly found registry hacks and shared them with the world and the one question I get all the time is how did you figure that out Today Im finally going to share my secret with you but youll need to grab yourself a copy of Process Monitor before we get started Once youve popped open a Process Monitor window youll want to add a filter for the application that youre trying to monitorfor Windows settings like Control Panel youll need to use explorerexe or mmcexe most of the time Once youve added the filter and cleared the log you can monitor exactly what registry keys are accessed when you change a setting or bring up a feature You can then stop the logging and examine the keys which will often lead you to the exact registry key youre looking for and in some cases hidden features that you didnt realize were Now that youve located a registry key you can make a backup of the current keys and then make changes to the values to see what happensnote that you should probably only do this on a test machine since you could seriously break something by messing around in the registry Advertisement The HowTo Geek loves hacking the registry on a regular basis His geeky articles can be found daily here on Lifehacker HowTo Geek and Share This Story

O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

registry
windows pc
hierarchical database


To Loosen Nearly Any Knot Twist the End and Push Digging your fingers into knotted shoelaces garbage bags and other tangles is no fun not to mention difficult Redditor Jumalkavita shows us a simple trick for opening stubborn knots Essentially you just twist the end of the knot so it constricts then push it through the rest of the knot It should slide right through More complicated knots may require you to do this a few times but it should help you get through knots with greater ease than before Click on the image below for a closer look at how it works and hit the link to read more How to Open Nearly Any Knot Reddit Share This Story

O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O