GoFundMe From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia GoFundMe Type of site Crowdfunding for donations Available in English Headquarters Redwood City California US Owner GoFundMe Inc Created by Brad Damphousse Andrew Ballester www gofundme com Alexa rank 1618 June 2018 Launched May 10 2010 8 years ago Current status Active GoFundMe is a forprofit crowdfunding platform that allows people to raise money for events ranging from life events such as celebrations and graduations to challenging circumstances like accidents and illnesses From 2010 to 2017 over 5 billion was raised on the platform for over two million individual campaigns and 50 million donors For personal campaigns in the US Canada and the UK GoFundMe is a free platform The company is based in Redwood City California with offices in San Diego and Dublin and with operations in France Spain Germany and the United Kingdom Contents 1 History 2 Business model 3 Employment 4 Notable projects 5 6 External links History The company was founded in May 2010 by Brad Damphousse and Andrew Ballester Both had previously founded Paygr which is a website dedicated to allowing members to sell their services to the public Damphousse and Ballester originally created the website under the name CreateAFund in 2008 but later changed the name to GoFundMe after making numerous upgrades to the features of the website GoFundMe was founded in San Diego California GoFundMe is the biggest crowdfunding platform responsible for raising over 5 billion since its debut in 2010 GoFundMe receives over 140 million in donations per month In 2016 GoFundMe made 100 million in revenue In June 2015 it was announced that Damphousse and Ballester had agreed to sell a majority stake in GoFundMe to Accel Partners and Technology Crossover Ventures Damphousse and Ballester stepped down from the daytoday oversight of the company The deal valued GoFundMe at around 600 million In January 2017 GoFundMe acquired CrowdRise GoFundMes leadership team includes Rob Solomon CEO Hoang Vuong COO CFO Raquel Rozas CMO ChiChao Chang CTO and Daniel Gordon VP of Trust Policy and Communications Ballester remains on the board of directors and holds an undisclosed stake in the company Business model GoFundMe allows users to create their own website with which they raise money During this process members can describe their fundraising cause and the amount they hope to raise and upload photos or video Once the website is created GoFundMe allows users to share their project with people through integrated social network links Facebook Twitter etc and email People can then donate to a users cause through the website using a debit card or credit card and track the progress of their funding Those who donate can also leave comments on the website in support of the project If the user receives no donations then no charge is made Payment processors collect 29 and 30 from each GoFundMe transaction GoFundMe is unique to crowdfunding in that they are not an incentivebased crowdfunding website Although it does allow projects that are meant to fund other projects for musicians inventors etc the business model is set up to allow for donations to personal causes and life events such as medical bills GoFundMe also has a special section dedicated solely to users who are trying to raise money to cover their tuition costs One of the most notable tuition projects involved helping a user raise 25000 to pay outofstate tuition to a PhD program GoFundMe targets social media platforms to create awareness for campaigns GoFundMe hired Daniel Pfeiffer in 2015 as the communications and policy chief Pfeiffer previously served as an advisor to President Barack Obama and left the company in 2017 In 2015 GoFundMe announced that the site would no longer support legal defense funds on their platform The news came after the site suspended funding for the defense of Sweet Cakes by Melissa a bakery that was fined for refusing to bake a cake for a samesex wedding As of November 2017 GoFundMes terms and conditions allow for campaigns for certain kinds of legal defense In November 2017 GoFundMe announced that it will no longer charge a 5 fee per donation for US Canada and UK individual campaigns and instead rely upon tips left by donors to support the website The processing fee for online credit card payments will still apply to donations Employment GoFundMe has received several awards including best workplace in technology 2017 best workplace in giving back 2017 best small and medium companies in the bay area 2017 and best medium workplace in 2016 GoFundMe has a notable giveback program where employees pick a campaign that inspires them GoFundMe then donates 1000 to that campaign In 2015 GoFundMe gave back more than 500000 GoFundMe employees receive 600 a year for a wellness program benefit This money can be used for gym memberships gym equipment spas and dietary needs GoFundMe matches 401k contributions up to six percent GoFundMe has designed their office Notable projects We The People Will Fund The Wall 19018098 of 1 billion as of 4 January 2019 Created with the goal of donating funds to the United States government for the construction of a wall along the USMexico border December 16 2018 Support for FBI Veteran Pete Strzok 448162 of 500000 as of November 2018 Created to support former FBI agent Peter Strzok with his legal costs and lost income after he was fired by the FBI on August 10 2018 August 13 2018 Funds for Humboldt Broncos 11163623 US 15185400 Canadian dollars as of 19 April 2018 Created to support the victims and families of the Humboldt Broncos bus crash The staff of GoFundMe got in contact with the president of the Humboldt Broncos as they work out how to distribute the money April 19 2018 March for Our Lives 3531110 as of 12 April 2018 This fundraiser was created to support the March for Our Lives demonstration set to take place on March 24 2018 Created following the Stoneman Douglas High School Shooting by student Cameron Kasky he states on the page that the funds would be used for organizing the march and everything left over would go to the fund set up for the victims February 18 2018 Stoneman Douglas Victims Fund 10009300 as of 30 June 2018 This official Stoneman Douglas High School Shooting fundraiser was created by Broward Education Foundation to help the victims families survivors and those impacted by the horrific tragedy on February 14 2018 in Parkland FL GoFundMe waived its platform fees and donated 50000 towards the campaign February 15 2018 TIMES UP 22128600 of 225 million as of 29 December 2018 TIMES UP Legal Defense Fund will provide subsidized legal support to women and men who experienced sexual harassment assault or abuse in the workplace and while in pursuit of their careers December 20 2017 William Osmans Fire Relief 172471 of 10000 as of 17 June 2018 Created to support William Osman a content creator on YouTube whose house was burnt down by the Thomas Fire on December 4 2017 A considerable amount of the total funds raised were donated Osmans fans December 5 2017 Paying it Forward 402826 This fundraiser was created by Kate McClure Mark DAmico and Johnny Bobbitt Jr in order to swindle people Their fictitious story was that Bobbitt a homeless veteran spent his last 20 to assist McClure on the highway when her car ran out of the gasoline Widely reported in the US and internationally it exceeded its goal by 4000 but when they began publicly squabbling for the money an investigation was launched and all three were arrested and charged with theft by deception November 10 2017 Las Vegas Victims Fund 11874100 of 15000000 as of 12 April 2018 This fundraiser was created by Steve Sisolak of the Clark County Commission to help the victims of a mass shooting from the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise Nevada October 2 2017 Support Victims of Pulse Shooting 7853140 This fundraiser was created by Equality Florida to help the victims of a nightclub shooting in Orlando Florida Over 90000 people have contributed to this campaign GoFundMe headquarters donated 100000 and waived every transaction fee for this campaign June 12 2016 Support The Grimmie Family 192396 as of 26 June 2016 American singersongwriter Christina Grimmie was shot while signing autographs after a concert at The Plaza Live in Orlando Florida and later died of complications due to injuries Grimmies talent agency LH7 Management created a fund for the Grimmie family to assist in their time of need June 11 2016 Saving Eliza 2025540 as of 5 January 2016 Saving Eliza is a campaign about Eliza ONeill started by Elizas father Glen Eliza is a 5yearold girl diagnosed with Sanfilippo syndrome a form of childhood Alzheimers Over 37100 donors have made contributions The campaign is funding research to stop the terminal and rapidly degenerative disease in children April 18 2015 mmsdefensefund 131796 of 200000 as of 27 May 2015 Nominally a legal defense fund for Louis Daniel Smith who faced criminal charges in relation to him selling MMS Miracle Mineral Supplement On May 27 2015 Smith was found guilty of fraud and other charges On May 31 2015 the mmsdefensefund was removed from GoFundMe an archived copy is available December 17 2014 Support Officer Wilson 183259 of 250000 as of 27 August 2014 A page was set up to solicit donations in support of Ferguson Missouri police officer Darren Wilson who shot and killed Michael Brown Because of the controversial issues involved many of the attached comments were considered highly racist and inflammatory August 27 2014 Build Barbara Garcia a Home 73810 After losing her home during the 2013 Moore tornado in Oklahoma Barbara Garcia was shocked to discover her dog among the wreckage in a live news interview Moved by her story Erin DeRuggiero of Minneapolis created this fund to build her a new home May 21 2013 Bucks for Bauman 809310 This project was created for Jeff Bauman after he lost both legs during the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings April 16 2013 Celeste Sydney Recovery Fund 795985 Celeste and Sydney Corcoran were both victims of the Boston Marathon bombing Sydney suffered severe injuries as a result of being hit with shrapnel and Celeste lost both legs below her knees This campaign page was created for their ongoing rehabilitation April 16 2013 Emily Scotts Dream 2014 Sochi 59380 Emily Scott created this project to fund her trip to the 2014 Winter Olympics The funds helped her get to Sochi to represent the United States on the womens speed skating team April 12 2013 References a b GoFundMe Company Page LinkedIn Retrieved 21 February 2018 Gofundmecom Site Info Alexa Internet Retrieved June 13 2018 a b c Bloomberg Businessweek Moneymaking Ideas Archived from on June 24 2012 Retrieved June 16 2012 How to fundraise Gofundmecom Retrieved April 30 2012 GoFundMe About Us GoFundMe Retrieved 21 February 2018 a b Why GoFundMe Most Trusted Free Fundraising Platform wwwgofundmecom Retrieved 20180313 Paygr Looks To Combine Facebook And PayPal In A Marketplace For Local Buying And Selling Tech Crunch Retrieved June 16 2012 Create A Fund Big News CreateAFund Has Joined Forces With GoFundMe Archived from on June 22 2012 Retrieved June 21 2012 Crowdfunding Web Watch 2012 Soliciting Donations From Individuals Retrieved June 21 2012 Adams Susan Free Market Philanthropy GoFundMe Is Changing The Way People Give To Causes Big And Small Forbescom Retrieved December 31 2017 How Crowdfunding Platform GoFundMe Has Created A Three Billion Digital Safety Net GoFundMe Founders to Reap a Fortune in Buyout Wall Street Journal Retrieved June 26 2015 GoFundMe acquires CrowdRise to expand to fundraising for charities Tech Crunch Retrieved January 10 2017 Meet the GoFundMe Executive Team GoFundMe Retrieved 21 February 2018 A group of investors is buying GoFundMe Business Insider Retrieved June 10 2017 Thrillist Go Fund Me Retrieved June 16 2012 Can I donate using PayPal GoFundMe Help Center Retrieved January 31 2016 Does it cost anything GoFundMe February 5 2015 GoFundMe introduces a 0 platform fee for personal campaigns Charity Digital News Charity Digital News 20180117 Retrieved 20180313 Daily Crowdsource Raising Money For Medical Expenses Retrieved June 21 2012 Daily Crowdsource Kickstart Yourself Not So Fast Retrieved June 21 2012 New York Times June 2 2012 Its Not Billions Bit It Can Help Rescue An Artist The New York Times Retrieved June 21 2012 USA Today September 13 2011 Web Pleas Help Immigrants Pay For College Retrieved June 16 2012 Former Obama advisor Dan Pfeiffer leaves GoFundMe Axios 3 October 2017 Hatchet Keisha No Kim Davis You Cant Beg for Money on GoFundMe Yahoo News Retrieved September 5 2015 Guglielmi Jodi Times Up How to Request Legal Assistance from the Movements Defense Fund People Retrieved January 18 2018 Lunden Ingrid GoFundMe drops 5 Platform Fee for US personal campaigns adds tips Techcrunchcom Retrieved December 31 2017 GoFundMe reviewsGreatPlaceToWorkcom Retrieved December 31 2017 Cummings William 20180817 GoFundMe page for fired FBI agent Peter Strzok raises 325000 in one day CNBC Retrieved 20180905 Laskowski Chelsea 20180409 Humboldt Broncos fund among 5 highestever GoFundMe campaigns CBC News Retrieved 20180409 Click here to support March for Our Lives organized by Cameron Kasky gofundmecom Retrieved 20180223 People have raised 280000 for a homeless man who lent a woman his last 20 Independentcouk November 24 2017 Retrieved December 31 2017 CNN Alaa Elassar December 8 2017 Homeless veteran who received thousands in donations now paying it forward CNNcom Retrieved December 31 2017 Generous homeless man gets 500k Newscomau Retrieved December 31 2017 Murray Kelley September 7 2018 Homeless veteran will get the 400000 owed to him from GoFundMe campaign CNN Retrieved 7 September 2018 Neuman Scott September 7 2018 Police Raid Home Of New Jersey Couple Who Raised 400000 For Homeless Man NPR Retrieved 7 September 2018 Romo Vanessa November 15 2018 New Jersey Couples GoFundMe Campaign To Help Homeless Man Was Predicated On A Lie NPR Whitten Sarah More than 16 million raised for Orlando shooting victims on GoFundMe CNBC Retrieved June 13 2016 Wattles Jackie GoFundMe campaign raises more than 13 million for Pulse shooting victims CNBC Retrieved June 13 2016 Chillag Jackie Wattles and Amy June 14 2016 Orlando GoFundMe campaign sets record CNNcom Retrieved December 31 2017 Peters Mitchell Christina Grimmies Manager Creates GoFundMe Account For Late Singers Family Billboard Retrieved June 11 2016 Chiu Melody Selena Gomezs Stepfather Creates GoFundMe Account to Raise Money for Christina Grimmies Family The Only Worry I Want Them to Have at This Point is That of Recovery People Retrieved June 11 2016 GoFundMe 1 Free Fundraising Platform GoFundMecom Retrieved December 31 2017 Seller of Miracle Mineral Solution Convicted for Marketing Toxic Chemical as a Miracle Cure Help Daniel Defend His Freedom by MMS Defense Fund GoFundMe GoFundMecom Archived from the original on May 28 2015 Understanding GoFundMes Policies Misinformation and the Support Officer Darren Wilson Fundraising Campaign GoFundMe GoFundMe September 2 2014 Retrieved December 1 2014 Fox Zoe May 30 2013 Internet Raises Money for Tornado Victim Reunited With Dog on TV Mashable Retrieved February 25 2014 Grenoble Ryan June 26 2013 Barbara Garcia Who Found Dog In Oklahoma Tornado Rubble Receives Outpouring Of Donations The Huffington Post Retrieved February 25 2014 Bradford Harry April 20 2013 Jeff Bauman Boston Marathon Bombing Hero Receives Over 360000 In Online Donations The Huffington Post Retrieved January 17 2014 Kuruvilla Carol Friends use crowdfunding to collect more than 1 million for Boston Marathon victims medical expenses Daily News New York Retrieved January 17 2014 Thorpe Devon Crowdfunding for Boston Marathon Victims Shows Support from Around the World Forbes Retrieved January 17 2014 Moskowitz Eric Marines bring hope to Marathon attack victims The Boston Globe Retrieved January 17 2014 Posnanski Joe January 27 2013 Emily Scotts Olympic dream embodied in fathers love strangers kindness NBC Retrieved February 25 2014 Whiteside Kelly February 4 2014 US speedskaters dream supported by crowdfunding fans USA Today Retrieved February 25 2014 External links Official website v t e Crowdfunding platforms Africa Middle East Bir Silgi Bir Kalem Eureeca Headstart OurCrowd Americas AngelList AgFunder ArtistShare The Audience Engine Betabrand Bountysource Changeorg CircleUp Citizinvestor Classy CommonBond Community Funded Crowd Supply Crowdfunder Crowdpac Crowdrise DonorBox DonorSee Earlyshares EnergyFunders EquityNet Experiment Fig Fundable Fundly FundRazr GlobalGiving GoFundMe HopeMob ImpactFlow Indiegogo InvestedIn Ioby Kickstarter Kivas LaunchGood Meal train MicroVentures Neighborly Onevest Patch of Land Patreon PieShell Piggybackr Plum Alley RocketHub The School Fund SeedSpark SeedInvest StartEngine Watsi Wedidit Wefunder YouCaring Asia Pacific 51Give Asiola Impact Guru MusicBee PledgeMe Pozible VentureCrowd Wishberry Europe Companisto Crowdcube DigVentures DeRev EdAid FundedByMe Innovestment Invesdor Liberapay MyMajorCompany Planetaru PledgeMusic Seedrs Seedups ShareTheMeal Spacehive Symbid SyndicateRoom Trillion Fund Wedogood Defunct Beacon Reader Blackstartup Brickstarter CentUp Confidentcrowd CrowdFundEDU Emerging Crowd Fondomat Fundageek Funding4Learning IBankers Direct Junction Lone Signal Loudsauce Mobcaster Offbeatr Peoplefundit Return on Change Rock the Post Sellaband Social Teeth Sponsume TenPagescom Tiltcom TrustLeaf Weeve Zequscom Category Comparison Categories Crowdfunding platforms Companies based in San Diego Internet properties established in 2010 2010 establishments in California American websites American companies established in 2010

B O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O B B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 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O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 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Gran Colombia From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Republic of Colombia República de Colombia 18191831 Flag 18191831 Coat of arms 181931 Anthem Marcha Libertadora Liberation March Gran Colombia Capital Bogotá Common languages Spanish Religion Roman Catholic Government Federal presidential republic 181930 Simón Bolívar 1830 1831 Domingo Caycedo 1830 1831 Joaquín Mosquera 183031 Rafael Urdaneta Vice Presidents 181920 Francisco Antonio Zea 182021 Juan Germán Roscio 1821 Antonio Nariño y Álvarez 1821 José María del Castillo 182127 Francisco de Paula Santander 183031 Domingo Caycedo Legislature Congress Upper Chamber Senate Lower Chamber Chamber of Representatives History Established December 17 1819 Constitution of Cúcuta August 30 1821 Colombia Peru War 18281829 Disestablished November 19 1831 Currency Piastra Preceded by Succeeded by Viceroyalty of New Granada Captaincy General of Venezuela American Confederation of Venezuela Republic of New Granada State of Venezuela Ecuador British Guiana Part of a series on the History of Colombia Timeline PreColumbian period pre1499 Spanish colonization 14991550 New Kingdom of Granada 15501717 Viceroyalty of New Granada 17171819 United Provinces of New Granada 18101816 Gran Colombia 18191831 Republic of New Granada 18311858 Granadine Confederation 18581863 United States of Colombia 18631886 Republic of Colombia 1886 present Gran Colombia Spanish pronunciation ˈɡɾaŋ koˈlombja Great Colombia is a name used today for the state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern Central America from 1819 to 1831 The state included the territories of presentday Colombia Ecuador Panama Venezuela and parts of northern Peru western Guyana and northwestern Brazil The term Gran Colombia is used historiographically to distinguish it from the current Republic of Colombia which is also the official name of the former state At the time of its creation Gran Colombia was the most prestigious country in Spanish America John Quincy Adams then Secretary of State and future president of the United States claimed it to be one of the most powerful nations on the planet This prestige added to the figure of Bolívar attracted to the nation unionist ideas of independence movements in Cuba the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico which sought to form an associated state with the republic But international recognition of the legitimacy of the Gran Colombian state ran afoul of European opposition to the independence of the American countries Austria France and Russia only recognized independence in America if the new states accepted monarchs from European dynasties In addition Colombia and the international powers disagreed over the extension of the Colombian territory and its boundaries Gran Colombia was proclaimed through the Fundamental Law of the Republic of Colombia issued during the Congress of Angostura 1819 but did not come into being until the Congress of Cúcuta 1821 drafted the Constitución constitucional Gran Colombia was constituted as a unitary centralist state Its existence was marked by a struggle between those who supported a centralized government with a strong presidency and those who supported a decentralized federal form of government At the same time another political division emerged between those who supported the Constitution of Cúcuta and two groups who sought to do away with the Constitution either in favor of breaking up the country into smaller republics or maintaining the union but creating an even stronger presidency The faction that favored constitutional rule coalesced around VicePresident Francisco de Paula Santander while those who supported the creation of a stronger presidency were led by President Simón Bolívar The two of them had been allies in the war against Spanish rule but by 1825 their differences had become public and were an important part of the political instability from that year onward Gran Colombia was dissolved in 1831 due to the political differences that existed between supporters of federalism and centralism as well as regional tensions among the peoples that made up the republic It broke into the successor states of Colombia Ecuador and Venezuela Panama was separated from Colombia in 1903 Since Gran Colombias territory corresponded more or less to the original jurisdiction of the former Viceroyalty of New Granada it also claimed the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua the Mosquito Coast Contents 1 Etymology 2 Geography 3 Government 4 History 41 Federalists and separatists 42 War with Peru 43 Aftermath 5 Confederation Status 51 Reunification 6 See also 7 8 Bibliography 9 External links Etymology The official name of the country at the time was the Republic of Colombia Historians have adopted the term Gran Colombia to distinguish this republic from the presentday Republic of Colombia which began using the name in 1863 although many use Colombia where confusion would not arise The name Colombia comes from the Spanish version of the eighteenthcentury New Latin word Columbia itself based on the name of Christopher Columbus It was the term preferred by the Venezuelan revolutionary Francisco de Miranda as a reference to the New World especially to all American territories and colonies under Spanish rule He used an improvised quasiGreek adjectival version of the name Colombeia to mean papers and things relating to Colombia as the title of his archive of his revolutionary activities Simon Bolívar and other Spanish American revolutionaries also used the word Colombia in the continental sense The establishment in 1819 of a country with the name Colombia by the Congress of Angostura gave the term a specific geographic and political reference Geography The Republic of Colombia comprised more or less the former territories of the Viceroyalty of New Granada 17391777 which it claimed under the legal principle of uti possidetis It united the territories of the former Third Republic of Venezuela the United Provinces of New Granada the former Royal Audiencia of Panama and the Presidency of Quito which was still under Spanish rule in 1821 Government Before a new constitution could be written by the Congress of Cúcuta the Congress of Angostura appointed Bolívar and Santander president and vice president respectively Under the Constitution of Cúcuta the country was divided into twelve departments each governed by an intendant Departments were further divided into thirtysix provinces each headed by a governor who had overlapping powers with the intendant Military affairs at the department level were overseen by a commandant general who could also be the intendant All three offices were appointed by the central government The central government which temporarily was to reside in Bogotá consisted of a presidency a bicameral congress and a high court the Alta Corte The president was the head of the executive branch of both the central and local governments The president could be granted extraordinary powers in military fronts such as the area that became Ecuador The vicepresident assumed the presidency in case of the absence death demotion or illness of the president Since President Bolívar was absent from Gran Colombia for the early years of its existence executive power was wielded by the vice president Santander The vote was given to persons who owned 100 pesos in landed property or had an equivalent income from a profession Elections were indirect History This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed December 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message A mural by Santiago Martinez Delgado at the Colombian Congress representing the Congress of Cúcuta Since the new country was quickly proclaimed after Bolívars unexpected victory in New Granada its government was temporarily set up as a federal republic made up of three departments headed by a vicepresident and with capitals in the cities of Bogotá Cundinamarca Department Caracas Venezuela Department and Quito Quito Department In that year none of the provinces of Quito nor many in Venezuela and New Granada were free yet The Constitution of Cúcuta was drafted in 1821 at the Congress of Cúcuta establishing the republics capital in Bogotá Bolívar and Santander were elected as the countrys president and vicepresident A great degree of centralization was established by the assembly at Cúcuta since several New Granadan and Venezuelan deputies of the Congress who formerly had been ardent federalists now came to believe that centralism was necessary in order to successfully manage the war against the royalists To break up regionalist tendencies and to set up efficient central control of local administration a new territorial division was implemented in 1824 The departments of Venezuela Cundinamarca and Quito were split into smaller departments each governed by an intendant appointed by the central government with the same powers that Bourbon intendants had Realizing that not all of the provinces were represented at Cúcuta because many areas of the country remained in royalist hands the congress called for a new constitutional convention to meet in ten years In its first years Gran Colombia helped other provinces still at war with Spain to become independent all of Venezuela except Puerto Cabello was liberated at the Battle of Carabobo Panama joined the federation in November 1821 and the provinces of Pasto Guayaquil and Quito in 1822 The Gran Colombian army later consolidated the independence of Peru in 1824 Bolívar and Santander were reelected in 1826 Federalists and separatists The departments of Gran Colombia in 1820 A map of Gran Colombia showing the 12 departments created in 1824 and territories disputed with neighboring countries As the war against Spain came to an end in the mid1820s federalist and regionalist sentiments that had been suppressed for the sake of the war arose once again There were calls for a modification of the political division and related economic and commercial disputes between regions reappeared Ecuador had important economic and political grievances Since the end of the eighteenth century its textile industry had suffered because cheaper textiles were being imported After independence Gran Colombia adopted a lowtariff policy which benefited agricultural regions such as Venezuela Moreover from 1820 to 1825 the area was ruled directly by Bolívar because of the extraordinary powers granted to him His top priority was the war in Having been incorporated later into Gran Colombia Ecuador was also underrepresented in all branches of the central government and Ecuadorians had little opportunity to rise to command positions in the Gran Colombian army Even local political offices were often staffed by Venezuelans and New Granadans No outright separatist movement emerged in Ecuador but these problems were never resolved in the tenyear existence of the country The strongest calls for a federal arrangement instead came from Venezuela where there was strong federalist sentiment among the regions liberals many of whom had not fought in the war of independence but had supported Spanish liberalism in the previous decade and who now allied themselves with the conservative Commandant General of the Department of Venezuela José Antonio Páez against the central government In 1826 Venezuela came close to seceding from Gran Colombia That year Congress began impeachment proceedings against Páez who resigned his post on April 28 but reassumed it two days later in defiance of the central government Support for Páez and his revoltwhich came to be known as the Cosiata the insignificant thing in colloquial regional Spanish in Venezuelan historyspread throughout Venezuela aided by the fact that it did not explicitly stand for anything except defiance to the central government Nevertheless the support Páez received from across the Venezuelan political spectrum posed a serious threat to the unity of the country In July and August the municipal government of Guayaquil and a junta in Quito issued declarations of support for Páezs actions Bolívar for his part used the developments to promote the conservative constitution he had just written for Bolivia which found support among conservative Ecuadorians and the Venezuelan military officialdom but was generally met with indifference or outright hostility among other sectors of society and most importantly for future political developments by VicePresident Santander himself In November two assemblies met in Venezuela to discuss the future of the region but no formal independence was declared at either That same month skirmishes broke out between the supporters of Páez and Bolívar in the east and south of Venezuela By the end of the year Bolívar was in Maracaibo preparing to march into Venezuela with an army if necessary Ultimately political compromises prevented this In January Bolívar offered the rebellious Venezuelans a general amnesty and the promise to convene a new constitutional assembly before the tenyear period established by the Constitution of Cúcuta and Páez backed down and recognized Bolívars authority The reforms however never fully satisfied the different political factions in Gran Colombia and no permanent consolidation was achieved The instability of the states structure was now apparent to all In 1828 the new constitutional assembly the Convention of Ocaña began its sessions At its opening Bolívar again proposed a new constitution based on the Bolivian one but this suggestion continued to be unpopular The convention fell apart when proBolívar delegates walked out rather than sign a federalist constitution After this failure Bolívar believed that by centralizing his constitutional powers he could prevent the separatists the New Granadians represented mainly by Francisco de Paula Santander and José María Obando and the Venezuelans by José Antonio Páez from bringing down the union He ultimately failed to do so As the collapse of the country became evident in 1830 Bolívar resigned from the presidency Internal political strife between the different regions intensified even as General Rafael Urdaneta temporarily took power in Bogotá attempting to use his authority to ostensibly restore order but actually hoping to convince Bolívar to return to the presidency and the country to accept him The federation finally dissolved in the closing months of 1830 and was formally abolished in 1831 Venezuela Ecuador and New Granada came to exist as independent states War with Peru Main article Gran ColombiaPeru War Aftermath The dissolution of Gran Colombia represented the failure of Bolívars vision The former republic was replaced by the republics of Venezuela Ecuador and New Granada The former Department of Cundinamarca as established in 1819 at Angostura became a new country the Republic of New Granada In 1858 New Granada was replaced by the Granadine Confederation Later in 1863 the Granadine Confederation changed its name officially to the United States of Colombia and in 1886 adopted its presentday name the Republic of Colombia Panama which voluntarily became part of Gran Colombia in 1821 remained a department of the Republic of Colombia until 1903 when in great part as a consequence of the Thousand Days War of 18991902 it became independent under intense American pressure The United States wanted territorial rights in the future Panama Canal Zone which Colombia had refused With the exception of Panama which as mentioned achieved independence seven decades later the countries that were created have similar flags reminiscent of the flag of Gran Colombia Flags of Gran Colombias successor states today Colombia Ecuador Venezuela See United Provinces of Central America Nordic countries PanAfrican colours and Arab nationalism for more examples of regions whose nations possess similar flags because of historical connections Confederation Status The term Gran Colombia is used today to refer to the federation that was formed between the Republics of Ecuador Venezuela Colombia and Panama before 1830 However Gran Colombia is in a sense an artificial term as the country was always referred to simply as Colombia This is clear to anyone who examines the many treaties signed between Colombia and Peru before 1830 In Peru however the dissolution of Gran Colombia is seen as a country ceasing to exist giving way to the formation of new nationstates The significance of this view is that the treaties Peru had signed with Gran Colombia became void when the countersignatory ceased to exist The three new states the Republic of New Granada which later changed its name to Republic of Colombia the Republic of Venezuela and the Republic of Ecuador in the Peruvian view started with a clean diplomatic slate An alternative view is that Ecuador and Venezuela separated from the Gran Colombian Federation and inherited all of the treaty obligations that Gran Colombia had assumed at least to the extent that they apply to their respective territories There are indications that Colombia itself maintained this position because clearly Gran Colombia and its successor state the Republic of Colombia shared a capital city a subset of the same territory and much the same citizenry It would be unnatural to disavow their common histories The question of the status of treaties and accords dating to the revolutionary period 18091819 and Gran Colombia period 18191830 has a profound effect on international relations to the present day Reunification There have been attempts at the reunification of Gran Colombia since 1903 when Panama separated from Colombia People in favor of reunification are called unionistas or unionists In 2008 The Bolivarian News Agency reported that the expresident of Venezuela Hugo Chávez announced the proposal of a political restoration of Gran Colombia under the Bolivarian Revolution See also Federal Republic of Central America another postindependence state on the American continent that underwent a similar fate made up of modern Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua El Salvador and Costa Rica PeruBolivian Confederation Flag of Gran Colombia Reunification of Gran Colombia References Bethell Leslie 1985 The Cambridge History of Latin America Cambridge University Press p 141 9780521232241 Retrieved September 6 2011 Los nombres de Colombia Alta Consejería Presidencial para el Bicentenario de la Independencia de Colombia Retrieved August 12 2016 a b Germán A de la Reza 2014 El intento de integración de Santo Domingo a la Gran Colombia 18211822 Revista Secuencia Retrieved March 1 2016 La búsqueda del reconocimiento internacional de la Gran Colombia Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia Archived from the original on October 11 2016 Retrieved August 12 2016 Gran Colombia Encyclopædia Britannica June 6 2007 Bushnell The Santander Regime 12 Bushnell uses both Colombia and Gran Colombia Miranda Francisco de Josefina Rodríguez de Alonso José Luis SalcedoBastardo 1978 Colombeia Primera parte Miranda súbdito español 17501780 1 Caracas Ediciones de la Presidencia de la República pp 89 9788449951633 Bushnell The Santander Regime ii 1821 Gibson The Constitutions of Colombia 3740 Bushnell The Santander Regime 1013 Bushnell The Santander Regime 1421 Bushnell The Santander Regime 310317 Bushnell The Santander Regime 287305 Bushnell The Santander Regime 325335 343345 Arauz Celestino A Carlos Manuel Gasteazoro Armando Muñoz Pinzón 1980 La Historia de Panamá en sus textos Textos universitarios Historia Panamá 1 Panama Editorial Universitaria Panama Country Studies Federal Research Division a b c d EL PERÍODO DE LA DETERMINACIÓN DE LA NACIONALIDAD 1820 A 1842 Peru National Library Retrieved 12 July 2014 a b c d Reformas de la Constitución de 1886 Miguel De Cervantes Biblioteca Virtual Archived from the original on 18 January 2013 Retrieved 12 July 2014 Boletin Informativo No13 Consulvenemontrealorg Retrieved 20151112 Bibliography Bushnell David 1970 The Santander Regime in Gran Colombia Westport CT Greenwood Press 0837129818 OCLC 258393 Gibson William Marion 1948 The Constitutions of Colombia Durham NC Duke University Press OCLC 3118881 Lynch John 2006 Simón Bolívar a Life New Haven and London Yale University Press 0300110626 External links Gran Colombia Flags of The World v t e Gran Colombian independence Background Viceroyalty of New Granada 17171723 17391819 Captaincy General of Venezuela 17771821 Peninsular War in Spain 18081814 Overview Military career of Simón Bolívar Ecuadorian War of Independence Venezuelan War of Independence Political history Luz de América 1809 First Republic of Venezuela 181012 Colombian Declaration of Independence 1810 Venezuelan Declaration of Independence 1811 United Provinces of New Granada 181116 Second Republic of Venezuela 181314 Third Republic of Venezuela 181719 Gran Colombia 181931 Ecuador 1830 Venezuela Republic of New Granada 1831 Military history 181216 La Victoria June 1812 Magdalena Campaign 18121813 Admirable Campaign 1813 Cúcuta February 1813 Alto de los Godos May 1813 Araure December 1813 Spanish reconquest of New Granada 181516 181923 Bolívars campaign to liberate New Granada 181920 Las Queseras del Medio April 1819 Vargas Swamp July 1819 Boyacá August 1819 Carabobo June 1821 Lake Maracaibo July 1823 Colombian figures Antonio Nariño Benito Salas Vargas Joaquín Camacho Liborio Mejía José María Obando José Miguel Pey de Andrade Antonio Ricaurte Manuel Rodríguez Torices Francisco de Paula Santander Venezuelan figures Simón Bolívar Francisco de Miranda José Antonio Páez Manuel Piar José Félix Ribas Antonio José de Sucre Rafael Urdaneta Carlos Soublette Santiago Mariño Cristóbal Mendoza Mariano Montilla Pedro Camejo Juan Bautista Arismendi Luisa Cáceres de Arismendi Luis Brión José Antonio Anzoátegui Other figures José Tomás Boves LouisMichel Aury Juan Manuel Cajigal Juan Domingo de Monteverde Pablo Morillo Daniel Florence OLeary José Prudencio Padilla Miguel de la Torre Other Carmañola Americana 1797 Decree of War to the Death 1813 v t e History of South America Coordinates 439N 7403W Categories Gran Colombia PanAmericanism Former countries in South America Former countries in Central America Former republics History of South America History of Colombia History of Ecuador History of Panama History of Venezuela Spanish American wars of independence 19th century in Colombia 1820s in Gran Colombia 1830s in Gran Colombia Irredentism States and territories established in 1821 States and territories disestablished in 1831 1819 establishments in Gran Colombia 1821 establishments in Gran Colombia 1831 disestablishments in Gran Colombia

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O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 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Granoblastic From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Granoblastic is an adjective describing an anhedral phaneritic equigranular metamorphic rock texture Granoblastic texture is typical of quartzite marble and other nonfoliated metamorphic rocks without porphyroblasts Characteristics defining granoblastic texture include grains visible to the unaided eye sutured boundaries and approximately equidimensional grains The grain boundaries intersect at 120 triple junctions under ideal conditions Variation from the ideal results from stress produced foliation during crystallization resulting in schistose textures A rock that has a granoblastic texture can be termed a granofels References Dictionary of Mining Mineral and Related Terms Metamorphic Microstructures This article related to petrology is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it Categories Metamorphic rocks Petrology stubs

B O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Grishneshwar From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Grishneshwar Location in Maharashtra Geography Coordinates 201299N 7510117E Coordinates 201299N 7510117E Country India State Maharashtra District Aurangabad Location Verul Ellora Culture Sanctum Grishneshwar Lord Shiva Major festivals Mahashivratri and Atirudra Architecture Architecture Hemadpanthi Grishneshwar temple sometimes referred to as the Ghrneshwar Jyotirlinga or Dhushmeshwar temple is one of the 12 Jyotirlinga shrines mentioned in the Shiva Purana The word Ghrneshwar means lord of compassion The temple is an important pilgrimage site in Shaivism tradition of Hinduism which considers it as the last or twelfth Jyotirlinga linga of light This pilgrimage site is located in Ellora also called Verul less than a kilometer from Ellora Caves a UNESCO World Heritage site It is about 30 kilometres 19 miles northwest of the city of Aurangabad and about 300 kilometres 190 miles eastnortheast from Mumbai This temple was destroyed by the Delhi Sultanate during the HinduMuslim wars of 13th and 14thcentury The temple went through several rounds of rebuilding followed by redestruction during the MughalMaratha conflict It was rebuilt in the current form in the 18th century under the sponsorship of a Hindu queen Rani Ahalyabai of Indore after the fall of the Mughal Empire It is presently an important and active pilgrimage site of the Hindus and attracts long lines of devotees daily Anyone can enter the temple premises and its inner chambers but to enter the sanctum sanctorum core garbhaghrya of the temple the local Hindu tradition demands that men must go bare chested Grishneshwar Shiva temple is next to the Ellora Caves The Grishneswar temple is an illustration of south Indian temple architectural style and structure The temple built of red rocks is composed of a five tier shikara The temple was reconstructed by Maloji Bhosale of Verul grandfather of Shivaji in the 16th century and later again by queen Ahilyabai Holkar in the 18th century She is credited with rebuilding some of major Hindu temples such as the Kashi Vishvanath temple in Varanasi a Vishnu temple in Gaya and a much larger Shiva Jyotirlinga temple in Somnath This 240 ft x 185 ft temple is the smallest Jyotirlinga temple in India Halfway up the temple Dashavataras of Vishnu are carved in red stone A court hall is built on 24 pillars On these pillars there are carvings summarizing various legends and mythologies of Shiva The Garbhagriha measures 17 ft x 17 ft The Lingamurty faces eastward There is a Nandi bull in the court hall Ghrishneshwar Temple is a revered temple situated in the state of Maharashtra The temple houses carvings and sculptures of many Hindu gods and goddesses References Grishneshwar Aurangabad GPS Govt of Maharashtra a b c Lochtefeld 2002 p 247 Swati Mitra 2011 Omkareshwar and Maheshwar Goodearth Publications p 25 9789380262246 a b Bruce Norman 1988 Footsteps Nine Archaeological Journeys of Romance and Discovery Salem pp 99100 9780881623246 Swati Mitra 2011 Omkareshwar and Maheshwar Goodearth Publications pp 2325 9789380262246 Notes Eck Diana L 1999 Banaras city of light First ed New York Columbia University Press 0231114478 Gwynne Paul 2009 World Religions in Practice A Comparative Introduction Oxford Blackwell Publication ISBN 9781405167024 Lochtefeld James G 2002 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism AM Rosen Publishing Group p 122 082393179X v t e Shaivism v t e Shiva Temples Categories Hindu temples in Maharashtra Tourist attractions in Aurangabad district Maharashtra Jyotirlingas

B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Gurgaon

district

From

Wikipedia

the

free

encyclopedia

This

article

is

about

the

district

For

its

eponymous

headquarters

see

Gurugram

Gurugram

district

District

of

Haryana

Country

India

State

Haryana

Administrative

division

Gurugram

Headquarters

Gurugram

Tehsils

Gurugram

Sohna

Pataudi

Farukh

Nagar

Manesar

Wazirabad

Badshahpur

Kadipur

Garhi

Harsaru

Government

Lok

Sabha

constituencies

Gurgaon

Lok

Sabha

constituency

Assembly

seats

Pataudi

Badshahpur

Gurgaon

and

Sohna

Area

Total

km

sq

mi

Population

Total

Density

mi

Demographics

Literacy

Sex

ratio

Major

highways

NH

NH

NH

NH

SH

SH

MDR

MDR

MDR

MDR

Website

Gurugram

also

known

as

Gurgaon

district

is

one

of

the

Districts

of

Haryana

in

northern

India

Gurugram

city

is

the

administrative

headquarters

of

the

district

District

Magistrate

Deputy

Commissioner

of

Gurgaon

district

is

Vinay

Pratap

Singh

an

IAS

officer

The

population

is

It

is

one

of

the

southern

districts

of

Haryana

On

its

north

it

is

bounded

by

the

district

of

Jhajjar

and

the

Union

Territory

of

Delhi

Faridabad

district

lies

to

its

east

On

its

south

lie

the

districts

of

Palwal

and

Nuh

To

its

west

lies

Rewari

district

Gurugram

is

a

Yadav

also

use

title

Rao

and

Muslim

or

Meo

ethnic

group

dominated

place

which

hold

most

of

agrarian

land

and

political

clout

Contents

History

Geography

SubDivisions

Industries

Demographics

See

also

External

links

History

According

to

Mahabharata

BCE

the

area

was

granted

by

the

eldest

Pandava

king

Yudhishthira

to

their

teacher

Dronacharya

Later

is

passed

in

the

hands

of

Maurya

empire

to

invaders

like

Parthian

and

Kushan

and

Yaudheya

after

they

expelled

Kushanas

from

the

area

between

Yamuna

and

Satluj

Yodheyas

was

sujugated

by

king

Rudradaman

I

of

IndoScythians

and

later

by

Gupta

Empire

and

then

by

Hunas

who

were

overthrown

by

Yashodharman

of

Mandsaur

and

then

by

Yashovarman

of

Kannauj

Area

was

also

ruled

by

Harsha

CE

GurjaraPratihara

mid

century

CE

to

century

Tomara

dynasty

who

founded

Dhillika

in

CE

were

earlier

tributaries

of

Partiharas

overthrew

Partiharas

Tomaras

were

defeated

by

who

were

in

turn

were

overthrown

in

CE

by

king

Visaladeva

Chauhan

of

Chauhan

Dynasty

After

the

defeat

of

Prithviraj

Chauhan

conquered

the

area

of

Gurugram

Nuh

Bhiwani

and

Rewari

in

CE

After

the

defeat

of

Prithviraj

Chauhan

in

CE

the

area

came

under

Qutb

alDin

Aibak

CE

of

Delhi

Sultanate

who

defeated

and

killed

Prithvirajs

son

Hemraj

who

had

invaded

Mewat

are

from

Alwar

Meo

who

were

all

Hindus

during

those

times

killed

Sayyid

Wajihuddin

who

was

sent

to

subjugate

Meos

but

they

were

later

suppressed

by

nephew

of

Aibak

called

Miran

Hussain

Jang

and

those

Meo

who

remained

Hindus

were

forced

to

pay

Islamic

religious

tax

Jizya

and

others

were

forced

to

convert

to

Islam

In

CE

Balban

killed

rebellious

Meos

Meo

rebels

took

away

large

number

of

camels

of

Balbans

army

in

CE

In

CE

Balban

retaliated

by

overrunning

the

area

and

killing

Meo

prisoners

and

slaughtered

women

children

and

surviving

men

At

the

time

of

invasion

of

Timur

in

CE

Sambar

Pal

titled

Bahadur

Nahar

of

Hindu

Jadu

clan

was

the

prominent

king

of

the

area

who

constructed

the

fort

called

Kotla

Bahadur

Nahar

near

Kotla

lake

at

Kotla

village

of

Nuh

Sambar

Pal

was

converted

to

Islam

with

new

name

Raja

Nahar

Khan

and

became

founder

of

Khanzada

Rajputs

after

submitting

to

Timur

In

CE

Sayyid

dynasty

king

of

Delhi

Khizr

Khan

defeated

Bahadur

Nahars

converted

son

Jalal

Khan

of

Mewat

and

kotla

fort

When

in

converted

grandsons

of

Bahadur

Nahar

named

Jalal

Khan

and

Abdul

Qadir

Jallu

and

Qaddu

revolted

they

were

defeated

by

Delhi

Sultan

Mubarak

Shah

CE

who

overran

Mewat

and

killed

Qaddu

Jallu

continued

the

native

Mewati

rebellion

against

the

Delhi

sultanate

In

Hasan

Khan

Mewati

a

descendant

of

Sambar

Pal

sided

with

Rajput

king

Rana

Sanga

and

they

were

defeated

by

Babur

at

Battle

of

Khanwa

where

Hassan

Khan

Mewati

was

killed

by

Mughals

and

his

son

Naher

Khan

II

ruled

Mewat

as

a

vassal

of

Mughals

Aurangzeb

sent

Jai

Singh

I

to

crush

the

revolting

Khanzada

Mewati

chief

Ikram

Khan

After

the

death

of

Aurangzeb

Bahadurgarh

and

Farrukhnagar

in

the

north

were

under

the

Baloch

nawabs

who

were

granted

jagir

in

CE

by

Mughal

king

Farrukhsiyar

central

area

of

Badshapur

was

under

Hindu

Badgujar

Rajput

king

Hathi

Singh

and

south

including

Nuh

were

under

the

great

Jat

king

of

Bharatpur

State

Maharaja

Suraj

Mal

During

Maratha

Empire

the

area

was

conquered

by

their

French

generals

in

late

century

and

they

granted

Farukhnagar

to

George

Thomas

and

Jharsa

Badshahpur

to

Begum

Sumro

and

south

area

including

Nuh

stayed

under

the

Bharatpur

king

and

their

vassal

relatives

one

of

whom

was

Nahar

Singh

Geography

This

district

contains

many

small

hill

ranges

which

are

part

of

the

Aravali

and

Mangar

Bani

ranges

SubDivisions

The

district

is

headed

by

Deputy

Commissioner

who

is

the

chief

officer

of

the

district

The

district

is

divided

into

subdivisions

headed

by

SubDivisional

Magistrates

Gurugram

North

Gurugram

South

and

Pataudi

which

are

further

divided

into

five

revenue

tehsils

namely

Gurugram

Sohna

Pataudi

Farukh

Nagar

Manesar

and

four

subtehsils

namely

Wazirabad

Badshahpur

Kadipur

and

Garhi

Harsaru

and

also

comprises

four

rural

development

blocks

Pataudi

Sohna

Gurugram

and

Farrukhnagar

There

are

Haryana

Vidhan

Sabha

constituencies

located

in

this

district

Pataudi

Badshahpur

Gurgaon

and

Sohna

All

of

these

are

part

of

Gurgaon

Lok

Sabha

constituency

Industries

A

large

number

of

industries

and

offices

have

been

established

in

Gurugram

city

Manesar

and

Sohna

Road

Cyber

City

on

is

a

popular

location

where

most

Multi

National

Companies

MNC

have

taken

large

office

spaces

All

SEZs

in

Haryana

State

are

in

Gurugram

except

Sonipat

SEZ

zones

have

special

jurisdiction

favourable

to

businesses

While

many

other

modern

commercial

clusters

have

come

up

on

Udyog

Vihar

Manesar

Rajiv

Chowk

Sohna

Road

Golf

Course

Road

etc

Demographics

According

to

the

census

Gurugram

district

has

a

population

of

roughly

equal

to

the

nation

of

Gabon

or

the

US

state

of

Hawaii

This

gives

it

a

ranking

of

in

India

out

of

a

total

of

The

district

has

a

population

density

of

inhabitants

per

square

kilometre

mi

Its

population

growth

rate

over

the

decade

was

Gurugram

has

a

sex

ratio

of

females

for

every

males

and

a

literacy

rate

of

Religion

in

Gurugram

district

Religion

Percent

Hinduism

Islam

Sikhism

Christianity

Jainism

Buddhism

Not

Stated

See

also

Gurgaon

district

portal

Patherheri

References

Haryana

renames

Gurgaon

city

and

district

to

Gurgaon

published

April

accessed

July

httpsfinderycomsandeepnaharianotesrewariharyanapartofahirwalabodeofahirsyadavdesendentoflordkrishnaandancientkingyadu

httpwwwdailypioneercomstateeditionschandigarhconstituencywiseanalysishtml

Gazeteer

of

Gurgaon

Haryana

Revenue

Department

Chapter

II

Gazeteer

of

Gurgaon

Haryana

Revenue

Department

Section

B

Gazeteer

of

Gurgaon

Haryana

Revenue

Department

Chapter

II

District

Wise

Assembly

Constituencies

Chief

Electoral

Officer

Haryana

website

Archived

from

the

original

on

July

Retrieved

March

Delimitation

of

Parliamentary

and

Assembly

Constituencies

Order

The

Election

Commission

of

India

p

httpwwwsezindianicinwritereaddatapdfListofoperationalSEZspdf

a

b

c

d

e

f

District

Census

Retrieved

US

Directorate

of

Intelligence

Country

ComparisonPopulation

Retrieved

gujjars

have

many

villages

in

gurgaon

Gabon

Resident

Population

Data

U

S

Census

Bureau

Retrieved

Hawaii

External

links

Wikimedia

Commons

has

media

related

to

Official

Web

Site

of

District

Gurugram

Haryana

Gurugram

Weather

interactive

Map

History

of

Haryana

Government

of

Haryana

Gurugram

Citizen

Forum

Places

adjacent

to

Gurgaon

district

v

t

e

State

of

Haryana

v

t

e

Minority

Concentrated

Districts

in

India

v

t

e

Hindu

temples

in

Haryana

Coordinates

v

t

e

Gurgaon

district

topics

Categories

Districts

of

Haryana

Gurgaon

district

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O B I O O O O B B I