Oklahoma is one of the dirtiest movie musicals of all time Published on Articles Dec 6 2011 Fire down below Laurey and Curly reach the climax You may think the musical Oklahoma is a sweet little show about friendly farmers and cowmen but Ive got an arousing awakening for you Oklahoma is drenched in sexual innuendo rape metaphor and bestiality references After all the whole plot revolves around who gets to take Laurey to the box social a coded consummation metaphor if ever there was one Many years ago I wrote this dont worry its pretty short and it moves fast about the 1955 Fred Zinnemann movie version of Rodgers and Hammerstein s 1943 Broadway musical Oklahoma As I decode this assumed Grated masterpiece for torrid subtext I guarantee that you will never look at that chestnut the same way ever again I wrote this for a film studies course at Northwestern University Its a littleknown fact that the history and writing of the American musical is a special discipline of mine I dont talk about it much but its true I even have an MFA in music theatre from New York University a lot of good may it do me I wrote this mostly as a lark to see what I could get away with but it holds up May my perspective make this old snoozer recharged with sexual energy for you Much has been written about the significance of Oklahoma in the history of American musical theatre Most historians place it as the milestone in the integration of the musicals construction in conveying themes plot and character Its reputation among laymen is one of a simpleminded quaint musical What both factions ignore in their analyses however is that Oklahoma is full of subtle but roughhewn sexual and violent undertones that in fact contradict its reputation as mere mild entertainment Oklahoma was released in 1955 after the New York and touring companies had closed and introduced the new widescreen process called ToddAO It was rereleased in 1956 by 20th Century Fox in CinemaScope It tells story of Curly McLain Gordon MacRae and Laurey Williams Shirley Jones who in a fit of coquettish spite accepts an invitation to a social from the brute farmhand Jud Fry Rod Steiger Laureys ensuing selftorment plus the tension between Jud and Curly drives the plot from that point on True to the Rodgers and Hammerstein style there is also a contrasting subcouple in the form of Oklahoma has reached the status of an enduring classic thanks mostly to its mainstream proliferation through the Fred Zinnemann film While its bumpkin characters seem homey and charming in light of modern musical works the film itself remains fresh and entertaining The songs and dancing are in part responsible for that but one might argue that its nearly perverse subthemes of sexual desire and violence help the film maintain a gripping if subconscious appeal The primary sexual themes of Oklahoma play themselves out in its characters There is Laurey the virginal girl coming of sexual age Curly the suave sexy charmer clearly obsessed with bedding Laurey Ado Annie the girl recently come of sexual age and unable to control her sexual impulses a victim of her own Freudian id Jud Fry who represents an unfettered unchivalrous sexual carnality that contrasts the cultural expectations of Claremore Ali Hakim also a victim of his own id but unlike Annie quite aware of his manipulatory manner of obtaining gratification Will Parker who is like Laurey in his virginal wideeyed view of sex and Aunt Eller the matriarchcummadam of Claremore wise in the ways of sex and lust and engrossed with matchmaking her Laurey with a suitable sexual partner the handsome Curly It is Aunt Eller who carries out the first sexual act which like everything else in Oklahoma is disguised with a downhome flavor She is seen daydreaming and churning butter a subliminally phallic gesture no doubt dreaming of her younger sexual days When Curly chats with her she keeps her eyes focused on him surveying him and continuing her phallic strokes The first thing she says to him also indicates her sexual desire for the virile Curly If I wasnt an ole woman and if you wasnt so young and smartalecky why Id marry you and git you to set around at night and sing to me ie be intimate with me Aunt Ellers churning halts when I Caint Say No Sposin at he says at youre sweetern cream And hes gotta have cream er die And later womens homecooked meals are auctioned to their suitors at the Skidmore Ranch The butter metaphor is by no means the only sexual undertheme perpetrated by Aunt Eller In fact throughout the film Aunt Eller is the only person in Claremore who seems to be wise to the ways of sex and appreciates fully the sexual goals of the courtship ritual Her primary function is that of matchmaker for the girls helping them obtain a suitable sexual partner Nice basket Curly is obsessed with getting into Laureys hamper For example she opens her home to all the couples on the way to the Skidmore Ranch Once inside the ladies undress and primp themselves in preparation for their evenings with the menfolk Not only is the Many a New Day scene voyeuristic on behalf of the viewers but it is a depiction of how Claremore girls pride themselves on catching a man The number itself represents contradiction its a feminist stance yet sung while in underwear Although Laurey may deny the idea that her world centers around a man we also discover the shallowness of her decree when she nearly breaks down at songs end During the song there are a number of sexual issues girls try to outdo each other with attractiveness and showiness women tie their corsets with thrusting rhythmic pulses and two pubescent girls become frustrated with Aunt Eller in essence affects the whole plot She uses Jud to make Curly jealous enough to try harder for Laurey but when Juds obsession becomes apparent she gets worried Aunt Eller also endorses the men in their own pursuit of more vigorous sexual satisfaction In the Kansas City scene she reacts to the assumed pornography inside the Little Wonder first with the expected genderascribed disdain The hussy but then gives the men approval from the other side of the sexual fence of experience when she says How do you turn the thing to see the other pitcher Plus underneath her grey dress she wears a flaming red petticoat which she flashes along with her legs to the camera in Kansas City Later in the number Will Parker chooses Aunt Eller over the two adolescent girls presumably because of her knowledge in sexual matters The lyric of the song depicts sexual awakening ie the stripper in Kansas City and sure enough soon the two adolescent girls are petting Will and sheepishly trying to get him to notice them At the point when he does embarrassedly notice the two girls Aunt Eller vanishes off the left of the screen into the train office Its almost as if she was making herself scarce to matchmake Will with the young ladies She matchmakes at other times too stressing physical contact over romantic courtship Why dont you grab her and kiss her when she gets that way Curly When Laurey and Curly finally do wed she protects their intimacy within the house by halting the shivoree crowd at the stoop Aunt Eller seems to be very much in control of the townspeople and supervises their mating During The Surrey With the Fringe on Top she is shown as the only object in the ToddAO vista gazing intently at Curly and Laurey In Kansas City she escorts the ensemble to the far end of the train platform with outstretched arms as if pushing them In The Farmer and the Cowman she whips out a pistol and forces everyone to dance Also even though Curly is about to be killed by the Little Wonder Hakim wastes time in telling Aunt Eller about the hidden knife and she is the one to save Curlys life the matchmaking must go on and by her hand She even literally auctions off the girls at the social like a whorehouse madam Yet however in control she may be as when she threatens Ali Hakim with an eggbeater down his windpipe she retains her sexuality getting a pair of garters in the bargain Violence is hardly scarce in Oklahoma as far as sex goes In fact Oklahoma seems to be teeming with an undercurrent of unfulfilled sexual desire and violence waiting to emerge be it between farmer and cowman or two eligible ladies Each man seems willing to kill to obtain his love Curly tries to convince Jud to commit suicide Jud tries to kill Curly twice once with a sexual toy Will tells Ali he would kill him for Annie Gertie Cummings has fights with both Annie and Laurey rolling on the ground of course The community structure of Claremore revolves around obtaining sex through appropriate societal channels Marriage is usually the way to get that sex When a marriage proposal and thus the promise of sex arrives it is monumental When Annie is engaged to Ali she promptly goes to report it to the other girls in the community Laurey and Curlys marriage is also a community spectacle Premarital sex is often alluded to however particularly through the lusty characters of Annie and Ali who would be termed sexual addicts in todays America Says Will Im goin tmarry her Ali On purpose implying the famous Oklahoma shotgun marriage Obviously any moral code isnt apparent to Ali He wants to bed Annie in the Claremore Hotel He also suggests that he Laurey and Annie engage in a menage a trois by skinny dipping together Hes been feeling up Annie behind the haystack his confession that results in his shotgun engagement to Annie At the end hes caught in illicit by Claremore standards sex and forced by shotgun to marry Gertie Cummings Finally he sells garters and bloomers and other forbidden delights like drugs the Egyptian smelling salts In Oklahoma women obtain sexual fulfillment when in a semidrugged state Laureys Dream is the most obvious example Ado Annie too seems evercomatose and virtually unresponsive doggedly singing her number I Caint Say No This is how movies audiences knew Gloria Grahame before she played Ado Annie As a sex addict of another kind Also the sexuality of women is related to beasts in Oklahoma During Kansas City as Will describes the round shape of the burlesque queen the nondiagetic sound of a horse whinny is mixed in Later in the number he sings to his horse as one of the pubescent sexuallyunready girls faintly tries to grab his attention Before the reprise of I Caint Say No Annie compliments Wills manner of roping horses in between his sexual advances He also tells Annie that roping steers all day makes him think of her The connection between beasts and sex is obvious Later after All Er Nothin he pens Annie in with a farmyard fence like a common hog before kissing her Even Ali Hakim joins in describing Annies soft round tail At first glance these allusions seem rustic and apropos for the midwestern setting but in actuality they are blatant objectifications As in other film musicals dance implies sex In Kansas City Will tries to teach the young girls how to dance ie how to become sexually mature enough to capture his attention In her dream dancing with Jud symbolizes Laureys moral decay and at the social she reels in disgust at the prospect of dancing with Jud Also at the social Annie and Will go from dancing together to immediately and furtively sneaking away for hankypanky the natural progression Also Annie laments Wills own fidelity after he dances with the two pubescent girls Unlike other film musicals however blatant objectification of sex is not used much It is cloaked instead under the character and custom of the Oklahomans Lusty observation of the opposite sex is frowned upon Jud peeps on Laurey twice in the film but that act is in no way presented as positive or does it instill desire in the audience The only time the women are put on pedestals for the men in the town is during the hamper auction Although the metaphor of the womans sexuality as a scrumptious meal for her suitor is striking and it is repeated I Caint Say No it is hardly as blatant as say a Ziegfeld girl showing legs and bosom with comehither glee Like all sexuality in Oklahoma the sexuality of the girls is obscured by the charm of local custom As an audience unused to such coding we see the custom but not the actual sexuality itself mistaking it for chivalry Each character fits into this chivalric custom Jud is ostracized not for his sexual desires even Will owns the Little Wonder but mostly for his selfish and coarse refusal to cooperate with the chivalric code Curly is attractive because he tries to turn its tables and have the women proposition him Romance comes when we sense his intense desire to abandon egocentricity and conform to the code which he eventually does when he proposes humbly to Laurey Annies sexual drive is not reprehensible because she is unaware of her indiscretions and is instead fulfilled by them Furthermore she obeys the chivalric code and promptly responds to all gentlemanly advances Laurey is the perfect ingenue virginal and a victim of a mans romantic system resorting to dreams for her sexual fulfillment Will intent on obeying the code at the cost of 100 total is just discovering the wonders of romance and thus Oklahoma is not without outandout innuendo however Take for example Wills Oklahoma Hello in which Annie is straddled like a horse the woman as a beast theme about the groin Later at films end a disheveled Will and Annie have clearly been screwing around behind the house You missed all the excitement someone says Annie responds dazed No we didnt Hello Will and Will giggles Did they engage in sex during the trial scene The audience must guess but given Annies insatiable appetite and Wills hankering for Annie we imagine they have Naturally such openended presentations and cultural cloaking was the only way that Oklahoma could appeal both to New Yorks sly but conservative audiences and later slip by the films censors Like Cole Porters famous doubleentendres Hammersteins suggestive script which was adapted almost word for word by Sonya Levien and William Ludwig for the film managed to carry off dozens of sexual themes under the pretense of a simple enigmatic culture Theres a storehouse of sexual activity swarming in Oklahoma and enough to fill several tenpage papers In overview however it suffices to note the several main themes in the film the cloaking of continual sexual pursuit beneath local custom and chivalry the dependency of each character on that custom the matriarchal presence of the madam Aunt Eller and the existence of other major themes such as the sexual linkage of beasts and dancing as they relate to Oklahoma s setting and genre In those themes alone there is enough to give any Rodgers and Hammerstein fan pause as she or he considers Oklahoma s innate sexuality and perversity Gertie Cummings Really College is hot Its not Porkys Its RH Laurey bathes in front of Ado Annie Categorised in Articles Tags broadway movies musicals sex

B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Automate

deployment

tasks

with

scripting

Automated

deployment

process

Getting

started

with

wsadmin

scripting

Automating

the

application

deployment

is

something

to

consider

if

it

is

done

more

than

one

time

Successful

automation

will

provide

an

error

free

and

consistent

application

deployment

approach

Most

of

the

application

deployment

not

only

involves

installing

the

application

itself

but

it

also

needs

to

create

other

WebSphere

objects

configure

the

Web

servers

file

systems

and

others

These

tasks

can

be

automated

using

shell

scripting

depending

on

the

operating

systems

Java

Common

Language

JACL

and

Jythons

Getting

started

with

wsadmin

scripting

The

WebSphere

Application

Server

wsadminsh

tool

provides

the

ability

to

run

scripts

The

wsadmin

tool

supports

a

full

range

of

product

administrative

activities

The

following

figure

illustrates

the

major

components

involved

in

a

wsadmin

scripting

solution

Figure

wsadmin

scripting

The

wsadmin

tool

supports

two

scripting

languages

Jacl

and

Jython

Five

objects

are

available

when

you

use

scripts

AdminControl

Use

to

run

operational

commands

AdminConfig

Use

to

run

configurational

commands

to

create

or

modify

WebSphere

Application

Server

configurational

elements

AdminApp

Use

to

administer

applications

AdminTask

Use

to

run

administrative

commands

Help

Use

to

obtain

general

help

The

scripts

use

these

objects

to

communicate

with

MBeans

that

run

in

WebSphere

Application

Server

processes

MBeans

are

Java

objects

that

represent

Java

Management

Extensions

JMX

resources

JMX

is

an

optional

package

addition

to

Java

Platform

Standard

Edition

JMX

is

a

technology

that

provides

a

simple

and

standard

way

to

manage

Java

objects

Important

Some

wsadmin

scripts

including

the

AdminApp

install

AdminApp

update

and

some

AdminTask

commands

require

that

the

user

ID

under

which

the

server

is

running

must

have

read

permission

to

the

files

that

are

created

by

the

user

that

is

running

wsadmin

scripting

For

example

if

the

application

server

is

running

under

but

you

are

running

wsadmin

scripting

under

you

might

encounter

exceptions

involving

a

temporary

directory

When

runs

wsadmin

scripting

to

deploy

an

application

a

temporary

directory

for

the

enterprise

application

archive

EAR

file

is

created

However

when

the

application

server

attempts

to

read

and

unzip

the

EAR

file

as

the

process

fails

It

is

not

recommended

that

you

set

the

umask

value

of

the

user

that

is

running

wsadmin

scripting

to

or

to

work

around

this

issue

This

approach

makes

all

of

the

files

that

are

created

by

the

user

readable

by

other

users

To

resolve

this

issue

consider

the

following

approaches

based

on

your

administrative

policies

Run

wsadmin

scripting

with

the

same

user

ID

as

the

user

that

runs

the

deployment

manager

or

application

server

A

root

user

can

switch

the

user

ID

to

complete

these

actions

Set

the

group

ID

of

the

user

that

is

running

the

deployment

manager

or

application

server

to

be

the

same

group

ID

as

the

user

that

is

running

wsadmin

scripting

Also

set

the

umask

value

of

the

user

that

is

running

the

wsadmin

scripting

to

be

at

least

a

umask

value

so

that

files

that

are

created

by

the

wsadmin

scripting

can

be

read

by

members

of

the

group

Run

wsadmin

scripting

from

a

different

machine

This

approach

forces

files

to

be

transferred

and

bypasses

the

file

copy

permission

issue

Launching

wsadmin

The

wsadminsh

command

file

resides

in

the

bin

directory

of

every

profile

Start

wsadmin

from

a

command

prompt

with

the

command

Note

that

the

wsadmin

command

also

exists

in

the

bin

directory

of

the

directory

If

you

start

wsadmin

from

this

location

you

must

be

careful

to

specify

the

profile

to

work

with

in

the

command

If

you

do

not

specify

the

profile

or

forget

to

specify

it

the

default

profile

will

be

chosen

Example

below

illustrates

how

to

start

wsadmin

In

this

example

the

wsadmin

command

is

used

to

connect

to

the

job

manager

It

is

issued

from

the

bin

directory

of

the

job

manager

profile

so

the

profile

does

not

need

to

be

specified

The

lang

argument

indicates

Jython

will

be

used

Jacl

is

the

default

lang

jython

Connected

to

process

jobmgr

on

node

using

SOAP

connector

The

type

of

process

is

JobManager

For

help

enter

print

Helphelp

wsadmin

wsadmin

syntax

wsadminsh

help

c

command

p

profile

f

javaoption

lang

language

class

path

profileName

profile

conntype

SOAP

host

port

user

userid

password

password

RMI

host

port

user

userid

password

password

host

port

user

userid

password

password

IPC

ipchost

port

user

userid

password

password

jobid

tracefile

appendtrace

truefalse

script

parameters

Command

and

script

invocation

The

wsadminsh

commands

can

be

invoked

in

three

different

ways

Note

For

simplicity

the

examples

assume

that

wsadminsh

is

executed

from

the

directory

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the

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O B I O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Online Manual Jeep Jeep Cherokee Jeep Cherokee XJ 1984 1991 BRAKE SYSTEM brakesystempdf 48052 KB BRAKE SYSTEM 1988 Jeep Cherokee 1988 BRAKES Jeep Brake System Cherokee Comanche Grand Wagoneer Wagoneer Wrangler DESCRIPTION DISC BRAKES Floating caliper disc brake assembly uses a single piston caliper which floats on 2 bolts As brake pedal is depressed hydraulic pressure is passed through a proportioning valve to brake caliper piston This force is transmitted to inboard brake pad forcing it against braking surface of rotor Pressure then moves outer caliper housing and pad inward on caliper mounting bolts thus forcing outer pad against outer braking surface of rotor DRUM BRAKES Selfcentering type system uses primary and secondary brake shoes with cable operated automatic adjusters Brake shoe anchor is located at upper end of shoes above wheel cylinder Single double acting brake cylinder is used MASTER CYLINDER EXCEPT GRAND WAGONEER The Delco Quick TakeUp master cylinder is used with systems utilizing low drag calipers Master cylinder includes a quick takeup valve which delivers a large volume of fluid at low pressure upon initial brake application MASTER CYLINDER GRAND WAGONEER Bendix and DelcoMoraine tandem dual piston master cylinders are single casting type with front and rear pistons and a separate reservoir and outlet for each piston Primary piston is operated by push rod connected to brake pedal Secondary piston is operated by primary piston ADJUSTMENTS NOTE For Hub Bearing and Axle Shaft Removal Installation and Adjustment information see appropriate DRIVE AXLES article DISC BRAKE PADS Automatic adjustment is provided by outward relocation of piston as lining wears DRUM BRAKE SHOES 1 Rear brake shoes adjust automatically as brakes are applied while vehicle is operated in reverse Drive vehicle in reverse applying brakes firmly 1015 times between each reverse brake application drive vehicle forward and press brakes firmly 2 Manual adjustment is required if shoes have been removed and reinstalled Brake shoes can be manually adjusted by rotating adjuster screw Remove access slot cover 3 Using a small blade screwdriver push in on adjustment lever to separate from adjustment screw Turn adjustment screw until brake drum is locked tight Back screw off until wheel rotates freely If brake drum is to be removed back off adjustment screw several notches for adequate clearance HEIGHT SENSING PROPORTIONING VALVE COMANCHE NOTE Anytime adjustment is required the lever bushing must be replaced Adjustment must be made on a driveon lift or a flat level surface with vehicle at curb weight Remove height sensing proportioning valve shaft nut and washer Disconnect valve lever and remove spring Remove and discard bushing Rotate valve shaft to permit installation and proper alignment of valve adjusting gauge J358532 NOTE The gauge J358532 must be properly seated on the D shape of the shaft and the lower mounting bolt of the valve See Fig 2 Also all linkage components excluding the spring must be connected to the axle housing before installation of bushing Place lever bushing in lever Using bushing installation tool J358531 press bushing along with lever onto valve shaft Remove lever and adjusting to J358532 then install the spring Install lever washer and retaining nut Tighten retaining nut to 100 Inchlbs 11 Nm Connect spring to lever arm Fig 1 Exploded View of Height Sensing Proportioning Valve Fig 2 Front and Side View of Valve Shaft BACK VIEW OF VALVE Fig 3 Back View of Valve Shaft PARKING BRAKE EXCEPT GRAND WAGONEER 1 Adjust rear brakes Check cable for binds kinks or frayed condition Replace cable if necessary Apply and release parking brake 5 times On all models except Wrangler place parking brake lever in fifth notch Raise vehicle Using Adjustment Gauge J34651 apply a torque of 5055 INCH lbs 56 Nm See Fig 4 Adjust nut on parking brake cable equalizer until pointer is in Blue section of gauge Apply and release parking brake cable 5 times Check adjustment and readjust cable if necessary Fig 4 Parking Brake Adjustment Except Grand Wagoneer Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp PARKING BRAKE GRAND WAGONEER Adjust rear brakes Check cable for binds kinks or frayed condition Replace cable if necessary Release parking brake Loosen lock nuts at parking brake cable equalizer under vehicle Tighten cables until wheels drag slightly when rotated by hand Loosen equalizer until wheels rotate freely and no drag is felt Tighten lock nuts and check operation of parking brake ROTOR SERVICING RUNOUT Measure rotor lateral runout by mounting a dial indicator on support stand or steering spindle Position indicator stylus so it contacts center of rotor braking surface Zero indicator and turn rotor one revolution Note indicator reading Runout must not exceed specification See DISC BRAKE ROTOR SPECIFICATIONS table Refinish or replace rotor if necessary NOTE Thickness of machined rotor must not be below minimum thickness specification PARALLELISM Measure rotor parallelism with a micrometer Measure thickness at 4 or more equally spaced points around rotor at approximately 1 from edge of rotor Variation must not exceed specification See DISC BRAKE ROTOR SPECIFICATIONS table Refinish or replace rotor if necessary BRAKE SYSTEM BLEEDING Hydraulic system bleeding is necessary any time air has been introduced into system Bleed brakes at all 4 wheels if master cylinder lines have been disconnected or master cylinder has run dry Bleed brakes with vacuum bleeding equipment pressure bleeding equipment or by manually pumping brake pedal while using bleeder tubes Always bleed brake lines in sequence See BLEEDING SEQUENCE table MASTER CYLINDER BLEEDING Bench Bleeding Master cylinder must be bled before installation to prevent excessive amounts of air from entering the brake system creating poor brake operation Place master cylinder in softjawed vise DO NOT tighten vise enough to damage master cylinder Install bleeder tubes in both outlets of master cylinder See Fig 5 Fig 5 Bleeding Master Cylinder Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp Fill master cylinder with clean brake fluid that meets DOT 3 specifications Ensure that the end of bleeder tubes are submerged in the brake fluid Using proper sized rod apply and release master cylinder until no air bubbles exist in brake fluid flow Once all air bubbles are gone from master cylinder secure cap and install Bleeder tubes should be left installed on master cylinder until master cylinder in installed Master cylinder must be bled at brake lines and wheels after installation Bleeding On Vehicle Install master cylinder on vehicle after bench bleeding Remove bleeder lines and install brake lines DO NOT fully tighten brake lines at this time Slowly force brake pedal to the floor and hold in this position Tighten brake lines and release brake pedal Repeat procedure until no air bubbles exist at brake lines Remaining wheel cylinder or calipers may be require bleeding HYDRAULIC CONTROL VALVES Hold Off Valve Prior to the pressure tank bleeding procedure the hold off valve incorporated in the combination valve must be correctly positioned This allows brake fluid to flow through the combination valve to the entire brake system The valve stem of the hold off valve may be retained using tools available from Chrysler Motors C4121 or General Motors J23709 during bleeding procedure See Figs 6 and 7 Remove valve retainer once brake bleeding procedure is complete CAUTION DO NOT use rigid clamp to position valve stem Damage to the valve assembly may result causing brake failure Fig 6 Positioning Hold Off Valve Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp Fig 7 Positioning Hold Off Valve Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp VACUUM BLEEDING Fill master cylinder Install vacuum bleed equipment to first bleeder valve to be serviced Open bleeder valve 341 turn Depress vacuum pump and pull fluid into reservoir jar Bleed each bleeder valve in sequence See BLEEDING SEQUENCE table PRESSURE BLEEDING Clean master cylinder cap and surrounding area Remove cap With pressure tank at least 12 full connect to master cylinder with adapters Attach bleeder hose to first bleeder valve to be serviced See BLEEDING SEQUENCE table Place other end of hose in clean glass jar partially filled with clean brake fluid so end of hose is submerged in fluid The hold off valve must be positioned properly before pressure bleeding if equipped See HYDRAULIC CONTROL VALVES under BRAKE SYSTEM BLEEDING in this article Open release valve on pressure bleeder Follow equipment manufacturers pressure instructions or see PRESSURE BLEEDER SETTINGS table Open bleeder screw 341 turn and note fluid flow Close bleeder screw when fluid flowing is free of bubbles Repeat procedure on remaining wheels in proper sequence Check brake pedal operation after bleeding has been completed Remove pressure bleeding equipment and valve retainer from hold off valve Ensure that master cylinder is full of fluid MANUAL BLEEDING NOTE When bleeding disc brakes air may tend to cling to caliper walls Lightly tap caliper while bleeding to aid in removal of air Fill master cylinder Install bleeder hose to first bleeder valve to be serviced See BLEEDING SEQUENCE table Submerge other end of hose in clean glass jar partially filled with clean brake fluid See Fig 8 Open bleeder valve 341 turn Depress brake pedal slowly through full travel Close bleeder valve and release pedal Repeat procedure until flow of fluid shows no signs of air bubbles NOTE When bleeding brake system manually ensure bleeder valve is closed when brake pedal is released Fig 8 Wheel Cylinder Bleeding Procedure Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp BLEEDING SEQUENCE Before bleeding system exhaust all vacuum from power unit by depressing brake pedal several times Bleed master cylinder if equipped with bleeder screws Bleed slave cylinder on vehicles equipped with remote mount power assist units Bleed wheel cylinders and calipers in sequence See BLEEDING SEQUENCE table BLEEDING SEQUENCE TABLE Application Sequence All Models RR LR RF LF REMOVAL INSTALLATION DISC BRAKE CALIPER Removal Installation Caliper removal and installation procedures are same as for disc pad replacement To remove caliper from vehicle disconnect brake line at caliper and cap hole to prevent contamination DISC BRAKE PADS Removal Drain 23 of brake fluid from master cylinder reservoir Raise vehicle and support with safety stands Remove front wheel assembly Place C clamp on caliper Solid end of clamp should contact back of caliper Screw end should contact metal part of outboard shoes Tighten C clamp until caliper forces piston to bottom of bore Remove both Allen head mounting bolts and lift caliper off rotor Support caliper out of the way On Grand Wagoneer remove both brake pads from caliper Note spring position and support spring from inboard shoe Remove sleeves and bushings from caliper On all other models hold antirattle clip against caliper adapter and remove outer brake pad Remove inner brake pad and anti rattle clip from caliper adapter Installation To install reverse removal procedure On Grand Wagoneer lubricate new bushings sleeves bushing grooves and small ends of mounting bolts with silicone lubricant Install rubber bushings in caliper mounting ears On all other models clean caliper mating surfaces on adapter with a wire brush Apply double sided adhesive tape to back side of inner pad Clean caliper piston surface Lubricate caliper mating surfaces on caliper adapter On all models lubricate caliper mounting bolts using brake corrosion lubricant and tighten mounting bolts Add brake fluid to reservoir Apply brakes until brake pedal is firm Check brake fluid level DISC BRAKE ROTOR WRANGLER Removal Raise and support vehicle Remove front wheel and caliper Suspend caliper from frame or suspension Remove rotor from hub Installation Clean hub and rotor mating surfaces To install reverse removal procedure NOTE DO NOT disconnect brake hose from caliper unless caliper is to be disassembled DISC BRAKE ROTOR CHEROKEE COMANCHE WAGONEER Removal Raise and support vehicle Remove front wheel and caliper Suspend caliper from frame or suspension Remove cap cotter pin nut retainer adjusting nut and thrust washer from spindle Remove outer bearing from hub Remove hub and rotor from spindle Remove hub and rotor seal Remove inner bearing from hub Installation Apply small amount of EP type waterproof wheel bearing grease in hub cavity Lubricate inner and outer bearings Install inner bearing and seal in rotor Clean rotor surface if necessary Install hub and rotor on spindle Install outer bearing thrust washer and spindle nut Tighten spindle nut to 1725 ft lbs 2334 Nm while rotating rotor to seat bearings Loosen spindle nut 12 a turn and retighten an additional 19 INCH lbs 2 Nm Reverse removal procedure to complete installation DISC BRAKE ROTOR GRAND WAGONEER Removal Raise vehicle and support with safety stands Remove wheel and caliper On models without front hubs remove rotor hub cap drive gear snap ring drive gear pressure spring and spring cup On models with front hubs remove screws attaching hub body to hub clutch and remove hub body from clutch Remove large and small retaining rings Remove hub clutch from axle shaft On all models remove wheel bearing outer and inner lock nuts and retaining ring using Socket J6893D Remove rotor Remove wheel bearings from rotor Installation Lubricate bearings with EP type waterproof wheel bearing grease Install bearings and seal in rotor Install rotor and inner lock nut Inner lock nut has a locating peg on one side When installed peg must face away from bearing Install wheel but do not tighten lug nuts completely Tighten inner lock nut to 50 ft lbs 68 Nm while rotating wheel Back of inner lock nut 16 turn 4565 degrees Install retaining washer Ensure that inner lock nut locating peg is engaged with retaining washer Install outer lock nut and tighten to 50 ft lbs 68 Nm On models without front hubs install pressure spring cup pressure spring drive gear and snap ring Coat rim of chrome hub cover with Permatex No 3 and install cap in rotor hub NOTE Recessed side of spring cup faces outer bearing and flat side faces pressure spring 5 On models with front hubs install hub clutch on axle Install large and small hub retaining rings Install hub body on clutch and tighten to 30 INCH lbs 3 Nm Reverse removal procedure to complete installation DRUM BRAKE SHOES EXCEPT GRAND WAGONEER Removal Raise vehicle and support with safety stands Remove wheel assembly and drum Remove U clip and washer from parking brake lever pivot pin Place Wheel Cylinder Clamp J8002 over wheel cylinder Remove primary and secondary return springs spring retainers holddown springs and retaining pins Remove adjuster lever adjuster screw and spring from brake shoes Remove brake shoes See Fig 9 Fig 9 Exploded View of Drum Brake WCable Operated Adjuster Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp 1 Secondary Brake Shoe 2 Wheel Cylinder Pin 3 Hold Down Pin 4 Acess Cover 5 Backing Plate 6 Return Springs 7 Guide Plate 8 Adjusting Cable 9 Cable Guide 10 Washer 11 Primary Brake Shoe 12 Adjustment Lever 13 Lower Return Spring 14 SelfAdjuster 15 Parking Brake Lever 16 Parking Brake Strut 17 Parking Brake Spring Installation 1 Lubricate support plate ledges anchor pin adjuster cable guide adjuster screw assembly parking brake lever and lever pivot pin with molybdenum disulphide grease Connect parking brake lever to secondary brake shoe with washer and U clip Crimp ends of clip to secure clip on pivot Remove wheel cylinder clamp Position brake shoes on brake support plate and install holddown springs Install parking brake lever strut and spring Install adjuster cable guide plate and adjuster cable on anchor pin Install primary return spring Install guide to secondary brake shoe Install secondary return spring Install adjuster screw spring and lever Connect lever to cable Using Brake Gauge J2117701 preset brake shoe adjustment Install brake drums Adjust brake shoes with drum in place Install wheels and lower vehicle To adjust and balance brake system apply and release brakes 1015 times while driving forward and backward Road test vehicle DRUM BRAKE SHOES GRAND WAGONEER Removal Raise vehicle and support with safety stands Remove wheels On models with fullfloating rear axle remove 2 screws that retain drum on hub On all models remove primary shoe return spring automatic adjuster actuator spring and secondary shoe return spring Remove holddown springs Remove brake shoe assemblies See Fig 10 Disengage parking brake cable from parking brake lever Remove parking brake strut and brake shoe assembly as a unit Place wheel cylinder clamps over cylinders in order to retain pistons Inspect automatic adjuster lever and pivot actuating lever parking brake lever automatic adjuster and springs Replace weak springs bent levers and parts that are worn or broken Fig 10 Exploded View of Drum Brake Assembly Grand Wagoneer Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp Installation 1 Clean support plate Apply a thin film of molybdenum disulphide grease or chassis lubricant on support plate ledges anchor pin adjuster screw threads and pivot Apply grease to adjuster levertosecondary brake shoe contact surface parking brake lever pivot and portion of lever that contacts secondary brake shoe Attach parking brake cable to parking brake lever on secondary shoe Pinch U clip to retain lever on shoe Install secondary brake shoe automatic adjuster lever and lever pivot as an assembly Install brake shoe holddown spring Install return spring on actuating lever tang Large end of tapered spring should rest on brake shoe Install primary shoe and holddown spring Install guide plate on anchor pin Install parking brake strut and spring on brake shoes Install adjusting screw and spring Short end of hooked spring attaches to primary brake shoe Long hooked end attaches to secondary brake shoe Install secondary shoe return spring adjuster spring and primary return spring Install brake drums Adjust brakes Bleed brake system Install wheels and lower vehicle Apply and release brakes 1015 times while driving forward and backward to adjust and balance brake system Road test vehicle MASTER CYLINDER EXCEPT GRAND WAGONEER Removal With engine off depress brake pedal several times to release vacuum in power unit Clean dirt and grease from brake line connections Disconnect and plug brake lines at master cylinder Remove retaining nuts and master cylinder Installation To install reverse removal procedure Bleed brake system See BRAKE SYSTEM BLEEDING in this article MASTER CYLINDER GRAND WAGONEER Removal Disconnect brake lines at master cylinder and plug On vehicles without power assist units disconnect brake pedal push rod at brake pedal Remove master cylinder retaining nuts at firewall Remove master cylinder Installation Master cylinder should be bench bled before installation See BRAKE SYSTEM BLEEDING in this article Position master cylinder on vehicle Loosely install retaining nuts Loosely install brake lines to cylinder Tighten retaining nuts Tighten brake lines Connect brake pedal push rod if removed Fill reservoir with brake fluid and bleed brake system See BRAKE SYSTEM BLEEDING in this article REAR AXLE BEARING SEAL Removal 1 Raise vehicle and support with safety stands Remove wheel assembly and brake drum Remove support plate retaining nuts through hole provided in axle flange Use a slide hammer to remove axle shaft 2 If wheel bearing cup remains in housing use Slide Hammer J261901 and Bearing Remover J26941 to remove bearing cups Remove axle shaft oil seal from axle housing tube 3 Place axle shaft in a vise Drill a 14 635 mm hole 34 of the way through bearing retaining ring Chisel off bearing retaining ring Do not use a torch Press bearing off axle Remove seal and retainer plate Installation Lubricate bearing and seal lip Install retainer plate and seal over axle Press axle shaft bearing and retaining ring on shaft simultaneously Ensure bearing and ring are seated against axle shaft shoulder To complete installation reverse removal procedure to complete installation WHEEL CYLINDER Removal Remove wheel assemblies brake drums and brake shoes Disconnect brake line at wheel cylinder Do not bend brake line away from cylinder Remove cylindertosupport plate bolts Remove cylinder Installation To install reverse removal procedure Start brake line fitting into cylinder before installing cylinder to support plate OVERHAUL DISC BRAKE CALIPER Disassembly Clean caliper exterior with brake cleaning solvent Drain residual fluid from caliper and place caliper on a clean working surface Remove piston from caliper by applying compressed air to inlet port Use just enough pressure to ease piston out of bore Protect piston from damage with folded shop towels Do not try to catch piston by hand Pry dust boot out of bore with screwdriver Do not scratch bore Using a small plastic or wooden stick pry piston seal from bore See Fig 11 Remove bleeder screw sleeves and bushings Cleaning Inspection Clean all parts with brake cleaning solvent Blow dry parts Check for damaged or worn parts Stains on piston bore can be polished with crocus cloth Do not use emery cloth or any other abrasive Reassembly Lubricate bore and new seal with brake fluid Install seal in groove using fingers Lubricate piston with brake fluid Slide metal retainer portion of dust boot over open end of piston Pull boot rearward until boot lip seats in piston groove Push retainer portion of dust boot forward until boot is flush with rim at open end of piston and boot fold snaps into place Insert piston in bore being careful not to unseat piston seal Push piston to bottom of bore using hammer handle Position dust boot retainer in counterbore at top of piston bore Seat dust boot retainer with Dust Boot Installer J22904 or J33028 Reverse removal procedure to complete installation Fig 11 Caliper Assembly Grand Wagoneer Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp Fig 12 Caliper Assembly Except Grand Wagoneer Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp MASTER CYLINDER EXCEPT GRAND WAGONEER NOTE Do not hone master cylinder Bore has a highly polished Bearingized surface Honing will cause premature failure of rubber parts Disassembly Remove reservoir cover and diaphragm Drain remaining brake fluid Push in on primary piston and remove snap ring Carefully apply compressed air at forward brake line hole while plugging rear hole Use caution as piston will be forced out open end of master cylinder with considerable force Remove spring retainer and seals from secondary piston Discard seals Clamp mounting ear of master cylinder in vise and carefully pry off reservoir Do not attempt to remove takeup valve from master cylinder as it is not a serviceable component Remove reservoir grommets and discard Inspection Inspect cylinder bore for scoring or corrosion If signs of corrosion are evident replace master cylinder Use no abrasives on cylinder bore Inspect reservoir cover and diaphragm for cuts cracks or deformation Replace damaged or defective parts as necessary Reassembly Fig 13 Exploded View of Quick TakeUp Master Cylinder Courtesy of General Motors Corp Lubricate new reservoir grommets with clean brake fluid and press into master cylinder Ensure grommets are properly seated Lay reservoir on flat hard surface Rock master cylinder body onto reservoir until completely seated Lubricate new piston seals with clean brake fluid and install on secondary piston with lip of seals toward ends of piston Install spring retainer Install secondary piston spring and secondary piston assembly in master cylinder Lubricate primary piston seals with clean brake fluid Install primary piston in master cylinder Press in piston and install snap ring Fit diaphragm in reservoir cover and install cover MASTER CYLINDER GRAND WAGONEER NOTE Do not hone master cylinder bore Bore has a highly polished bearingized surface Honing will cause premature failure of rubber parts Disassembly Clean outside of cylinder thoroughly and remove cover Drain fluid Pump piston to remove any remaining fluid On DelcoMoraine models with composite fluid reservoir install metal flange in vise and pry reservoir off with a pry bar Bendix composite reservoir is held on by 4 bolts on bottom of reservoir On manual brake models remove boot from cylinder to uncover push rod retainer Pry up retainer tab to release retainer Remove snap ring from groove in cylinder bore Remove both piston assemblies Remove remaining internal parts from bore Note direction of piston seals Remove and discard all rubber parts from piston assemblies Tube seats can be removed if damaged Enlarge holes in tube seats using a 1364 drill Place a large flat washer over outlet and thread a 14 x 20 x 34 screw into seat Tighten screw until seat is loose See Fig 14 Remove seat screw and washer Fig 14 Removing Tube Seat from Master Cylinder Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp Inspection Inspect cylinder bore for scoring or corrosion Staining which has not pitted or roughened surface of cylinder can be removed with crocus cloth If cylinder bore is scored pitted or corroded replace master cylinder Reassembly Install replacement tube seats by threading a spare brake line tube nut into hole Turn nut in until tube seat bottoms Do not cock tube seat in hole Remove nut and check for burrs which may have been loosened by nut Install secondary seals on secondary piston with cup lips facing away from each other Install primary seal spring retainer and return spring on secondary piston Install seal so lip faces interior of master cylinder when installed Lubricate cylinder bore with clean brake fluid and install secondary piston assembly Lubricate primary piston seals and install primary piston assembly in bore Hold primary piston downward in bore and install snap ring Install composite reservoir if equipped On models with pushon composite fluid reservoir invert reservoir install grommets and press on body using a rocking motion Install master cylinder cover and new diaphragm On vehicles with manual brakes assemble brake pedal push rod through retainer if equipped Push retainer over end of master cylinder and install rubber boot Fig 15 Exploded View of Master Cylinder Grand Wagoneer Courtesy of American MotorsJeep Corp WHEEL CYLINDER Disassembly Remove dust boots Push pistons piston cups and expander spring out of bore Discard cups Clean all parts with brake solvent Inspect cylinder bore and piston for pitting wear or damage Replace as necessary Light scoring or pitting may be removed by honing Reassembly Lubricate cylinder bore and internal components with brake fluid Do not lubricate dust boots Position replacement piston cups on spring expanders Install assembled parts in cylinder bore Ensure expanders are seated in piston cups Cups are to be installed with lips facing each other Install pistons with flat sides facing interior of bore Install dust boots TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE Application Ft Lbs Nm Disc Brakes Caliper Mounting Bolts 35 47 Bleeder Screw 12 16 Brake LinetoCaliper 13 18 Drum Brakes Wheel Cylinder Bolts 11 15 Bleeder Screw 14 45 57 Bleeder Screw 38 410 514 Brake Line 1017 1423 Backing Plate Bolt 3040 4154 Master Cylinder Retaining Nuts Except Grand Wagoneer 20 27 BRAKE SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS DISC BRAKE SPECIFICATIONS DISC BRAKE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE Application In mm Cherokee Comanche Wagoneer Wrangler Disc Diameter 1102 2799 Lateral Runout 0005 013 Parallelism 0001 003 Original Thickness 088 224 Min Refinish Thickness 0815 2070 Discard Thickness 0815 2070 Grand Wagoneer Disc Diameter 1200 3048 Lateral Runout 0005 013 Parallelism 0001 003 Original Thickness NA Min Refinish Thickness 1215 3086 Discard Thickness 1215 3086 DRUM BRAKE SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS DRUM BRAKE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE Application In mm Cherokee Comanche Wagoneer Wrangler Drum Diameter 1000 2540 Drum Width 175 445 Max Drum Refinish Diam 1006 2555 Wheel Cyl Diameter 875 222 Master Cyl Diameter 937 238 Grand Wagoneer Drum Diameter 1100 2794 Drum Width 200 508

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O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 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Home Schedule Online Vehicles Contact Us Let Us Know Welcome to Jims Express Shuttle Taxi Jims Express Shuttle is a family owned and operated transportation provider located inside the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport XNA We are dedicated to providing our customers with the best transportation experience possible We offer Transportation to OR from the airport Some of the surrounding airports we frequent are Northwest Arkansas Regional Tulsa International Ft Smith InTown Transfers Package and Sample Delivery to Vendor Offices Hourly Daily Rates Company Outings Team Building Events Area Tours Weddings Celebrations Razorback Games To Make a Reservation You can call us at 4792050011 or send us an email at JimsExpressShuttlehotmailcom If you send an email we will reply with a confirmation You can also head over to our Schedule Online tab right at the top of this page and you can fill out a transportation request We cant wait to hear from you For over 10 years we have been providing transportation to and from XNA Bentonville to any location in Northwest Arkansas and surrounding states including Texas Oklahoma Missouri and Tennessee Our vehicles are all nonsmoking and professionally managed and maintained Our regular customers particularly value our professionalism and punctuality Our business is located inside of the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport XNA behind the first baggage claim

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


SCROLL TO DISCOVER Johnnys Italian Steakhouse At Johnnys our steaks take center stage and are complemented by a gourmet assortment of Italian cuisine and seafood alongside an expertly curated wine list Whether you choose our famous Steak DeBurgo or the classic Chanel No 5 youre sure to satisfy your cravings With newfashioned luxuries and oldfashioned service and hospitality Johnnys Italian Steakhouse brings the Rat Pack era to the 21st Century Steak Steak Steak Johnnys is the perfect place for the steak lover Sit down relax and order your cut of choice perfectly prepared Our steaks are aged over 21 days for maximum tenderness and we feature Certified Angus Beef for select cuts But dont stop there Once you choose your favorite steak try topping it with one of our Parmesan crusts grilled onions or mushrooms or have it served Oscar Style with a Johnnys crab cake and Béarnaise sauce No matter which steak is your favorite Johnnys is the place to enjoy it Seafood Not only are we are a classic steakhouse but Johnnys offers spectacular seafood as well Try our Signature Johnnys Chanel No5a rich blend of Lobster shrimp artichokes prosciutto and cheese ravioli with a garlic cream sauce Our CedarPlanked Salmon is roasted on a real cedar plank for amazing flavor Snapper Basilico has a light fresh taste with garlic and cherry tomatoes Johnnys features over a dozen seafood entrees Get your seafood fix at Johnnys Italian Specialties At Johnnys we put a fresh twist on classic Italian Try our Shrimp Scampi Lobster Mac and Cheese or our Linguine with Scallops and Arugula Our Italian Rope Sausage with Pesto Pasta has a hearty Italian taste Johnnys Lasagna is always a favorite along with our Veal or Chicken Parmigiano Pair these with a fresh Johnnys house salad and youll see why we say Hot Steaks Hot Music Hot ItalianCool Place HandCrafted Cocktails Nothing is more at home in a steakhouse than cocktails and there is nothing more classic than Johnnys handcrafted cocktails Our wellversed bartenders are ready to create a Sidecar Gin Fizz Mint Julip or the everclassic Whiskey Sourjust for you We havent forgotten the Manhattan Tom Collins French 75 or the Rob Roy either Try one of Johnnys signature martinisfrom the dry to the sweet theres one for every taste A great time never goes out of style at Johnnys Italian Steakhouse Map data 2019 Google INEGI Terms of Use Map Satellite

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SAGE Recommends Measuring General SelfEfficacy A Comparison of Three Measures Using Item Response Theory Charles A Scherbaum Yochi CohenCharash Michael J Kern First Published December 1 2006 Research Article httpsdoiorg1011770013164406288171 Article information Abstract General selfefficacy GSE individualsbelief in their ability to perform well in a variety of situations has been the subject of increasing research attention However the psychometric properties eg reliability validity associated with the scores on GSE measures have been criticized which has hindered efforts to further establish the construct of GSE This study examines the reliability of responses to the items as well as the item parameters of three GSE measures using item response theory Contrary to the criticisms the responses to the items on all three measures of GSE demonstrate acceptable psychometric properties especially at lower levels of GSE Keywords general selfefficacy item response theory motivation measurement Bandura A 1982 Selfefficacy mechanism in human agency American Psychologist 37 122 147 Google Scholar Crossref ISI Bandura A 1984 Recycling misconceptions of perceived selfefficacy Cognitive Therapy Research 8 231 255 Google Scholar Crossref Bandura A 1997 Selfefficacy The exercise of control New York Freeman Co Google Scholar Bandura A Locke E A 2003 Negative selfefficacy and goal effects revisited Journal of Applied Psychology 88 87 99 Google Scholar Crossref Medline ISI Bosscher R J Smit J H 1998 Confirmatory factor analysis of the General SelfEfficacy Scale Behaviour Research Therapy 36 339 343 Google Scholar Crossref Medline Cervone D 1997 Socialcognitive mechanisms and personality coherence Selfknowledge situational beliefs and crosssituational coherence in perceived selfefficacy Psychological Science 8 43 50 Google Scholar SAGE Journals ISI Chen G Gully S M Eden D 2001 Validation of a new General SelfEfficacy Scale Organizational Research Methods 4 62 83 Google Scholar SAGE 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difficulties in Banduras selfefficacy theory Cognitive Therapy Research 8 213 229 Google Scholar Crossref Eden D 1988 Pygmalion goal setting and expectancy Comparable ways to raise productivity Academy of Management Review 13 639 652 Google Scholar Eden D 2001 Means efficacy External sources of general and specific efficacy In M Erez U Kleinbeck Eds Work motivation in the context of a globalizing economy pp 73 85 Mahwah NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Google Scholar Embretson S E Reise S P 2000 Item response theory for psychologists Mahwah NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Google Scholar Guilford J P 1954 Psychometric methods 2nd ed New York McGrawHill Google Scholar Hambleton R K Swaminathan H Rogers H J 1991 Fundamentals of item response theory Newbury Park CA Sage Google Scholar Henson R K 2001 Understanding internal consistency reliability estimates A conceptual primer on coefficient alpha Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development 34 177 189 Google Scholar ISI Judge T A Erez A Bono J E 1998 The power of being positive The relation between positive selfconcept and job performance Human Performance 11 167 187 Google Scholar Crossref ISI Keller T Dansereau F 2001 The effect of addingitems to scales An illustrative case of LMX Organizational Research Methods 4 131 143 Google Scholar SAGE Journals Kirsch I 1985 Selfefficacy and expectancy Old wine with new labels Journal of Personality Social Psychology 49 824 830 Google Scholar Crossref Lee C Bobko P 1994 Selfefficacy beliefs Comparison of five measures Journal of Applied Psychology 79 364 369 Google Scholar Crossref ISI Locke E A Latham G P 1990 A theory of goal setting and task performance Englewood Cliffs NJ Prentice Hall Google Scholar Lord F 1977 Practical applications of item characteristic curve theory Journal of Educational Measurement 14 117 138 Google Scholar Crossref Maxwell S E Delaney H D 1985 Measurement and statistics An examination of construct validity Psychological Bulletin 97 85 93 Google Scholar Crossref ISI Nunnally J C Bernstein I H 1994 Psychometric theory 3rd ed New York McGrawHill Google Scholar Reckase M D 1979 Unifactor latent trait models applied to multifactor tests Results and implications Journal of Educational Statistics 4 207 230 Google Scholar Crossref Robbins S Lauver K Le H Davis D Langley R Carlstrom A 2004 Do psychosocial and study skill factors predict college outcomes A metaanalysis Psychological Bulletin 130 261 288 Google Scholar Crossref Medline ISI Samejima F 1969 Estimation of latent ability using a response pattern of graded scores Psychometrika 34 1 100 Google Scholar Crossref Scholz U Gutiérrez Doza B Sud S Schwarzer R 2002 Is general selfefficacy a universal construct Psychometric findings from 25 countries European Journal of Psychological Assessment 18 242 251 Google Scholar Crossref ISI Schwarzer R Born A 1997 Optimistic selfbeliefs Assessment of general perceived selfefficacy in thirteen cultures World Psychology 3 177 190 Google Scholar Schwarzer R Jerusalem M 1995 Generalized SelfEfficacy Scale In J Weinman S Wright M Johnston Eds Measures in health psychology A users portfolio Causal and control beliefspp 35 37 Windsor UK NFERNelson Google Scholar Sheldon S H 1990 Developing the construct of general selfefficacy Psychological Reports 66 987 994 Google Scholar Sherer M Adams C 1983 Construct validation of the SelfEfficacy Scale Psychological Reports 53 899 902 Google Scholar SAGE Journals ISI Sherer M Maddux J E Mercandante B PrenticeDunn S Jacobs B Rogers R 1982 The SelfEfficacy Scale Construction and validation Psychological Reports 51 663 671 Google Scholar SAGE Journals ISI Stajkovic A D Luthans F 1998 Selfefficacy and workrelated performance A metaanalysis Psychological Bulletin 124 240 261 Google Scholar Crossref Stanley K Murphy M 1997 A comparison of general selfefficacy with selfesteem Genetic Social General Psychology Monographs 123 81 99 Google Scholar Medline Thissen D Chen W Bock R 2003 MULTILOG users guide Chicago Scientific Software Google Scholar Vancouver J B 2005 The depth of history and explanation as benefit and bane for psychological control theories Journal of Applied Psychology 90 38 52 Google Scholar Crossref Medline ISI Woodruff S L Cashman J F 1993 Task domain and general selfefficacy A reexamination of the SelfEfficacy Scale Psychological Reports 72 423 432 Google Scholar SAGE Journals ISI Zwick W R Velicer W F 1986 Comparison of five rules for determining the number of components to retain Psychological Bulletin 99 432 442 Google Scholar Crossref ISI

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

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Places Interesting facts about Kuwait 2 years ago Prev Article Kuwait is a country in Western Asia The official name of the country is the State of Kuwait Situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf it shares borders with Iraq and Saudi Arabia The official language is Arabic As of 1 January 2016 the population of Kuwait was estimated to be 4005760 people Kuwait has a total area of 17820 square kilometers 11072 square miles Kuwait City is the capital and largest city of Kuwait Kuwait City is the political cultural and economic center of Kuwait The flat sandy Arabian Desert covers most of Kuwait Kuwait is generally low lying with the highest point being 306 meters 1004 feet above sea level Kuwait has nine islands all of which with the exception of Failaka Island are uninhabited Kuwait has 499 kilometers 310 miles of coastline Only 06 of Kuwaiti land area is considered arable The climate of Kuwait is dry desert and it has very hot summers and short cool winters Oil reserves in Kuwait were discovered in 1934 Its oil reserves are the worlds sixth largest Kuwait Towers is a group of three slender towers that symbolizes Kuwaits economic resurgence and also World cultural as well as touristic landmark The structure is often referred to as Kuwait tower in singular although there are three towers Standing on a promontory into the Arabian Gulf Kuwait towers were officially inaugurated in 1979 and are rated as a tourist attraction and iconic building of modern Kuwait The Liberation Tower is the symbol of Kuwaiti liberation the representation of countrys resurgence second tallest tower in Kuwait and the fifth tallest telecommunication tower in the world Officially unveiled by the late Kuwaiti Amir Sheikh Jaber AlAhmad AlJaber AlSabah on 10th March 1996 this 372 meter 1220 feet tall tower is 40 meters 131 feet taller than the Eiffel Tower The Al Hamra Tower is a completed skyscraper in Kuwait City Al Hamra is the tallest building in Kuwait and the 23rd tallest in the world The Grand Mosque is the largest and the official mosque in the country of Kuwait Its area spans 45000 square metres 480000 square feet out of which the building itself covers 20000 square metres 220000 square feet The main prayer hall is 72 metres 236 feet wide on all sides has teakwood doors and has lighting provided by 144 windows Souq AlMubarakiya is a souq openair marketplace in Kuwait City Kuwait It is one of the oldest souqs in Kuwait and was the center of trade prior to the discovery of oil Kuwait is believed to have been part of an early civilization in the 3rd millennium BC and to have traded with Mesopotamian cities Founded in the 18th century the ruling alSabah dynasty was in place in 1899 when Kuwait came under British protection Full independence was achieved in 1961 Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990 but a USled coalition routed Iraqi forces From 1946 to 1982 Kuwait experienced a period of prosperity driven by oil and its liberal atmosphere In popular discourse the years between 1946 and 1982 are referred to as the Golden Era Kuwait has a wealthy open economy that is dominated by oil industries According to the World Bank the country has the fourth highest per capita income in the world The Kuwaiti dinar is the currency of Kuwait It is subdivided into 1000 fils The Kuwaiti dinar is the worlds highestvalued currency unit Kuwaiti cuisine is an infusion of Arabian Persian Indian and Mediterranean cuisines A prominent dish in Kuwaiti cuisine is machboos photo below a rice based specialty usually prepared with basmati rice seasoned with spices and chicken or mutton The national flower of Kuwait is Arfaj The national bird of Kuwait is the falcon Falcons are found everywhere in Kuwait There is a picture of a falcon on the stamps and the currencies of Kuwait Kuwait was the first of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf to establish a constitution and parliament In 2005 women won the right to vote and run in elections Kuwait is the only country with no natural water supply from lakes or reservoirs Eating drinking playing loud music and dancing during daylight hours in public are against the law in Kuwait during the month of Ramadan In 2006 Kuwait became the first country to introduce the sport of camel racing with remote controlled robot jockeys Prev Article

O B I O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Kern County Law Library Hours Monday 8AM 4PM Tuesday 8AM 4PM Wednesday 8AM 4PM Thursday 8AM 4PM Friday 8AM 4PM Saturday Closed Sunday Closed Location Kern County Law Library 1415 Truxtun Ave Rm 301 Bakersfield CA 93301 Phone 6618685320 Fax 6618685368 Law Library News and Updates Probate Clinic September 7 2018 This handson clinic is for those that have already filed a petition Third Wednesday of each month 1200pm to 200pm Kern County Law Library Presented by Diane Dodds You will receive help with clearing notes filing a supplement filing additional petitions closing the estate and filing status reports Have procedural questions You can get those answered as well SMALL CLAIMS CLINIC September 7 2018 First Tuesday of each month Beale Library 701 Truxtun Ave 2nd Floor Tejon Room 530pm 630pm Information on the small claims process will be provided How to File Serve your claim Prepare for court Present your case Training on how to use the Courts new Guide and File Program General information on a variety of consumer law issues How to determine the proper defendant and options for collecting a judgment once a litigant has been successful in court FREE LEGAL HELP June 13 2018 EVERY TUESDAY 530 pm to 630 pm IN THE BEALE MEMORIAL LIBRARY TEJON ROOM AT 701 TRUXTUN AVENUE BAKERSFIELD Emphasis on DUI Misdemeanor and Family Law FIRST TUESDAY OF THE MONTH David Faulkner Criminal Defense Expert wwwBakersfieldDefenseAttorneycom 6613244777 Roger Grass Certified Family Law Specialist wwwBakersfieldFamilyLawcom 6613272531 Emphasis on Estate Planning Gun Rights and Sex Offender Registration SECOND TUESDAY OF THE MONTH Larry Fields Estate Planning and Probate Expert wwwLarryFieldscom 6618619750 J Anthony Bryan Criminal Defense Expert wwwJAnthonyBryancom 6618618050 Roger Lampkin Criminal Defense Expert wwwRogerLampkincom 6616331234 Emphasis on PostConviction Relief Traffic Tickets License Restoration and Domestic Violence Cases THIRD TUESDAY OF THE MONTH Bill Slocumb Criminal Defense and Personal Injury Expert wwwBillSlocumbLawcom 6613241400 Joe Whittington Traffic Law Expert wwwTicketWarriorcom 6613225833 Emphasis on Immigration Assualt Cases and Drug Cases LAST TUESDAY OF THE MONTH Andrew Fishkin Immigration Expert wwwlawyerfishcom 6613226776 Elliot Magnus Criminal Defense Expert wwwebmagnuslawcom 6613950240 La informacion de immigration gratuita de un abogado se ofrece en Espanol el ultimo Martes de cada mes Bankruptcy October 17 2017 Join us for an information workshop on Bankruptcy presented by Attorney Patrick Kavangh The Second Monday of each Month From 1215pm 115pm Come learn about the bankruptcy procedure and what are the affects of filing Also covered will be other options that may be available rather than filing bankruptcy Preregistration not required How to Probate a Small Estate August 8 2017 Join us for a monthly iinformation workshop presented by Attorney Diane Dodds Held the First Wednesday of Each Month 1215 115 The workshop covers small estates of 15000000 or less Information will be provided on the various options available in dealing with a small estate as well as procedures that may be avialable to aviod probate Preregistration not required All Announcements Self Help Workshop Schedule Workshop Name Scheduled For Status Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 14 2019 800am Enroll Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 15 2019 800am Enroll Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 17 2019 800am Enroll Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 22 2019 800am Enroll Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 24 2019 800am Enroll Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 28 2019 800am Enroll Request for OrderGetting Started CustodyVisitation Starting Divorce or Paternity January 28 2019 100pm Enroll Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 29 2019 800am Enroll Request for OrderGetting Started CustodyVisitation Starting Divorce or Paternity January 29 2019 100pm Enroll Petition for Guardianship of the Person January 31 2019 800am Enroll

B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

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