Introduction Plot Summary Summary Analysis Characters Symbols Theme Wheel Previous Jeevan Chaudhary Clark Thompson Character Analysis Next Elizabeth Colton Clark is Arthur s best friend Once an aspiring actor along with Arthur Clarks career eventually leads him to become a job training executive in the years before the collapse After the collapse he is stranded along with Elizabeth Colton and Tyler in the Severn City airport After a few years there be begins curating the Museum of Civilization in the airport collecting technological items that no longer work and other fragments of civilization He begins the museum since his boyfriend at the time was a curator and since he noticed that people in the airport seemed to cling to the obsolete items that he collects Clark makes some effort to help Elizabeth and Tyler and keep them from becoming extremists but he ultimately gives up in favor of selfpreservation He is also the one who informs Miranda of Arthurs death having met her at the party during which Miranda realized Arthur was having an affair The novel ends with Clark reading a scene in Dr Eleven based on this dinner party Clark Thompson Quotes in Station Eleven The Station Eleven quotes below are all either spoken by Clark Thompson or refer to Clark Thompson For each quote you can also see the other characters and themes related to it each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon like this one Note all page numbers and citation info for the quotes below refer to the Vintage edition of Station Eleven published in 2015 Chapter 40 Quotes I think about my childhood the life I lived on Delano Island that place was so small Everyone knew me not because I was special or anything just because everyone knew everyone and the claustrophobia of that I cant tell you I just wanted some privacy For as long as I could remember I just wanted to get out and then I got to Toronto and no one knew me Toronto felt like freedom Chapter 51 Quotes She stepped back It isnt possible she said But there it is Look again In the distance pinpricks of light arranged into a grid There plainly visible on the side of a hill some miles distant a town or a village whose streets were lit up with electricity Get the entire Station Eleven LitChart as a printable PDF Clark Thompson Character Timeline in Station Eleven The timeline below shows where the character Clark Thompson appears in Station Eleven The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance Chapter 5 their companys shipping fleet which is dormant due to the recession She is notified by Clark Thompson Arthurs friend whom she remembers meeting at a dinner party in Los Angeles when full context Chapter 13 taking acting classes and going to auditions In the classes he meets his best friend Clark and the two party and enjoy life until Clark goes to England for university and full context Chapter 15 Near Miranda Clark Thompson is talking to a woman named Tesch who is pretentiously asking him what he full context Tesch transitions to a personal story about when she was in Praha at which point Clark interjects that she can call it Prague in English Elizabeth Colton Arthurs costar and the full context the way that Elizabeth looks at Arthur and touches his arm Miranda turns away and Clark comes out for a cigarette Miranda has realized that Arthur and Elizabeth are having an full context the beginning of a letter to Arthurs friend V and finds the glass paperweight that Clark brought that night as a gift She takes the paperweight and decides to keep it full context Chapter 17 A year before the Flu Arthur and Clark have dinner in London By this point Arthur has a son with his second wife full context Chapter 25 fallen in love with someone else Elizabeth Colton He also writes of a dinner with Clark and Elizabeth which was a bit awkward since the last time Clark was there was full context Chapter 26 This chapter takes place before the Flu It begins with Elizabeth Colton calling Clark to notify him of the impending publication of the book Dear V Apparently she says full context After the phone call ends Clark runs to a meeting He is doing executive consulting for a company near Grand Central full context Chapter 39 A little while later Miranda realizes she forgot to give Arthur the paperweight that Clark Thompson brought to the dinner party in Los Angeles eleven years earlier She studies it full context Chapter 40 money so there is a surplus of shipping space Suddenly she receives a call from Clark Thomson Arthurs oldest friend Clark informs her that Arthur died on stage full context In New York Clark hangs up the phone and pauses before moving on to calling Elizabeth Colton During the full context The conversation with Elizabeth is short Clark informs her of the news and tells her that the will dictated specifically that the full context The next day Clark wakes up early and heads to the airport Though he doesnt know it yet he full context Chapter 42 in years after the collapse Near the end of his second decade in the airport Clark thinks about how lucky he has been to survive and to see one world end full context Clark often says to young people who come into his museum its hard to explain But full context in the airport walked there or were born there But there are some people like Clark who have lived there since the day their flights landed While Clark s plane was in full context everyone hungry so the people of Concourse B line up at the one restaurant Meanwhile Clark goes to the Skymiles Lounge and finds Elizabeth Colton next to Tyler who is playing full context As Clark and Elizabeth sit in the Skymiles Lounge a final airplane lands but it is moved full context The people in the airport are generally in shock Clark finds and reads Arthurs obituary in the New York Times and tries to figure out full context Some time later while Clark is watching NBC a teenager approaches him and asks if he has any Effexor an full context To comfort himself Clark thinks ahead to a time when he and Robert can sit and talk about how full context Chapter 43 City Airport As the time reaches the point when the plane is probably approaching LA Clark thinks of his memories of the city including the awkward dinner party at Arthurs house full context A little while later Clark and Elizabeth discuss the end of civilization She doesnt believe that it has truly come full context In order to maintain appearances Clark is careful to shave every three days He believes that this will help prevent crime full context To maintain his sanity Clark trains himself not to think about and not to look at certain things He tries full context Without artificial light the night sky is brighter than anyone can remember seeing Clark at first questions if the brilliance of the Milky Way is his own imagination but full context Dolores wonders why no one has ever arrived at the airport With Garrett Annette and Clark she discusses the possible horrors occurring out in the world Silently Tyler wanders in and full context the morning of Day One Hundred In the tension of waiting for them to return Clark wonders what Robert would do if he were there At this point he arrives at full context Chapter 44 living in the airport and the Museum of Civilization has filled the Skymiles Lounge Earlier Clark had to work constantly on the everyday tasks of survival But now that he is full context Included in the Museum are Elizabeth and Tylers passports which they gave to Clark before leaving in Year Two He reflects on them as unsetting people remembering an incident full context After this creepy interaction Clark tried to confront Elizabeth but she agreed with Tyler and clearly had given him the full context The Traveling Symphony and an interview by François Diallo of Kirsten Raymonde In the interview Clark reads Kirstens retelling of Arthurs death and becomes shocked to encounter someone who also knew full context Chapter 47 In Year Nineteen Clark is seventy years old His friend Annette has died two years ago Recently Clark made full context a long silence Garrett asks as he has many times if he has ever told Clark about his last phone call Though he was married with two children at the time full context Lately Clark has been spending more time in the past getting lost in his memories He falls full context Chapter 51 Later she meets Clark Thompson who recognizes her as Kirsten Raymond They have apparently been introduced before Clark says full context Chapter 53 old neighborhood There he finds a café he used to frequent and thinks about calling Clark but decides against it full context Chapter 55 of performing and resting Kirsten has given one of her Dr Eleven comics books to Clark to keep in the Museum of Civilization so that if something happens to hers there full context In the evening after the Symphony has left Clark finishes cleaning the Museum of Civilization and sits down to read the adventures of Dr full context In the comic book Dr Eleven has his arms crossed lost in thought Clark remembers the dinner party in vivid detail and wonders what ever happened to Miranda He full context Previous Jeevan Chaudhary Next Elizabeth Colton Cite This Page Download this Chart PDF Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs Theyre like having inclass notes for every discussion Get the Teacher Edition This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class Which guides should we add Request one How can we improve LitCharts is hiring

O O O O O O O O O O O O B I B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Introduction Plot Summary Summary Analysis Characters Symbols Theme Wheel Previous Chapter 30 The Grapes of Wrath Themes Next Humanity Inhumanity and Dehumanization Themes and Colors LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Grapes of Wrath which you can use to track the themes throughout the work Humanity Inhumanity and Dehumanization In The Grapes of Wrath the most brutal adversity the Joads face doesnt come from the unforgiving natural conditions of the dustbowl Rather the Joads and the Okie community receive the cruelest treatment from those most capable of helping them more fortunate individuals typically ones who wield institutional power Throughout the book establishments and technological advances are shown to corrupt the humans behind them Steinbecks depiction of the state police shows that theyve been perverted read full theme analysis Dignity Honor and Wrath Despite their destitution Okies are shown to be extremely conscious of maintaining their honor No matter how dire their circumstances the Joads are unwilling to stoop to accepting charity or stealing When they do accept help they are quick to repay the debtfor example when the Wilsons offer Grampa Joad a deathbed Al repairs their car and Ma replaces the blanket used to shroud Grampa With this strong sense of honor comes an equally powerful read full theme analysis Faith and Guilt At different times in The Grapes of Wrath nearly all of the main characters endure spiritually trying times Casy is the first to address this theme when he speaks of his reformed faith instead of the blackandwhite teachings of Christian dogma Casy has come to believe in a natural unity of the human race Tom too comes to this realization later in the novel after hiding from the law in the woods Finally read full theme analysis Get the entire The Grapes of Wrath LitChart as a printable PDF Powerlessness Perseverance and Resistance The novel often focuses on characters who resist in situations that seem hopeless At the beginning of the novel the Oklahoma sharecropper families are rendered powerless by the repossessing landowners All the same Muley Graves remains on his land in spite of regular runins with law enforcement He knows he cant change his circumstances but he refuses to let go of his heritage The land turtle that appears in an early chapter is a metaphor read full theme analysis Family Friendship and Community Time and again in The Grapes of Wrath Steinbeck demonstrates the profound ties and nuanced relationships that develop through kinship friendship and group identity The arc of the Joad family shows on one hand a cohesive unit whose love and support of one another keeps them from abandoning hope On the other hand however the novel shows that this unity comes with complications Ma Joad s assertive leadership strips Pa of his masculine identity read full theme analysis Previous Chapter 30 Next Humanity Inhumanity and Dehumanization Cite This Page Download this Chart PDF Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs Theyre like having inclass notes for every discussion Get the Teacher Edition This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class Which guides should we add Request one How can we improve LitCharts is hiring

O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Skincare 7 Acne Dos and Donts for Clear Skin How To Care For Your Skin So It Stays Clear Share Pin Email JupiterimagesThe Image BankGetty Images by Jen Adkins updated August 28 2017 Unless you are uncommonly blessed with great skin and good genes you will suffer from acne at some point in your life While normally at its worst during the teen years acne can last well into your adult life depending on your skin type gender how you care for your skin and lifestyle choices If you struggle with acne it is very important that you take care of your skin properly Keep in mind if you dont take good care for your skin your skin can get worse over time Check out the tips below to ensure you are taking proper care of your acne prone skin By following our list of dos you can be sure your skin will look better and break out less Acne Dos Keep your hair conditioner off your back Hair conditioner can clog pores because of the heavy moisturizing ingredients it contains and if it is left to sit on your back while you shave your legs or clean the rest of your body you are risking getting breakouts on your back Instead of letting your hair full of conditioner sit on your back clip your hair up on top of your head until you are ready to rinse out your conditioner Also be sure to wash your face at the end of your shower not the beginning If you wash your face at the beginning of your shower Use a gel cleanser Gel cleansers are typically made for those with combination to oily skin while cream cleansers are made for normal to dry skin You dont need to spend big bucks on a cleanser either as there are plenty of drugstore brands worth trying Neutrogena Deep Clean Cleanser is a great example Apply a cleanser very gently with just your fingers and then lather the cleanser by rubbing in small circular motions Foam cleansers are also a good product for oily skin CeraVe Foaming Facial Cleanser will get rid of excess oil without drying out your skin in the process Keep your hands away from your face except during washing Do you know where your hands have been If youre a chronic facetoucher keeping your hands away from your skin will absolutely help improve your skin Everything you touch has the possibility of having germs and bacteria on it plus dirt and oil so DONT touch your face We know this is a tough habit to break but if you touch your face frequently with unclean hands youre only contributing to your acne problem Also make sure you keep your cellphone clean Cellphones are covered with bacteria and dirt which is then transferred to our faces when we press our Bonus Tip This goes for bed time too If you typically curl your arms under your chin to sleep and see that you have an acne problem in that area try breaking the habit and sleeping in another position Look for products with salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide Youre going to need some type of treatment product for your skin be it a toner a spot treatment or a serum Salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide are the most common acnefighting ingredients and both quite effective so look for products that have one of these ingredients Depending on your individual skin type one may work better than other so try a few out and see how your skin reacts Bonus Tip If you have really bad acne that wont clear up no matter what product you use or if you have cystic acne consider seeing a dermatologist for a stronger acne medication instead of trying to get rid of your acne on your own Acne Donts Dont scrub your skin While it may be tempting to use an exfoliating scrub steer clear of these types of products since they can irritate your skin If you have acne you need to exfoliate just not with a scrub Chemical exfoliators are your best bet so consider a gentle exfoliating pad like St Ives Exfoliating Pads Practice sun safety and dont tan The sun can really damage your skin as can tanning beds Help your acne heal by avoiding tanning beds and using proper protection when out in the sun Make sure you wear a product with SPF in it every day It doesnt matter if its sunny or notwear SPF We recommend using between SPF 30 to 50 everyday like Neutrogena Clear Face Liquid Lotion Sunscreen Broad Spectrum SPF 30 which wont cause breakouts Reapply every 2 hours if you are outside of the day Wear a wide brimmed hat and sunglasses when outside to keep your skin free from sun damage Remember the less sun damage your skin gets the better your skin will look years from now Dont pick at your skin Popping those pimples is very tempting however in the long run you are just damaging your skin Avoid picking at any white or blackheads that appear on your skin When you dont pick at your breakouts they will heal faster and will leave less of a mark behind Dont pop your pimples even if they have a white head on them

O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


January 30 2019 Event Starts 730PM On Sale LEGALLY BLONDE The Musical BROADWAY In McALLEN 30 730 PM Event Information OMG you guys Legally Blonde The Musical is coming to McAllen Fabulously fun and international awardwinning Legally Blonde The Musical is the ultimate Broadway tribute to Girl Power The story follows the transformation of Elle Woods as she tackles stereotypes sexism snobbery and scandal in pursuit of her dreams and proves that you can be legally blonde and STILL the smartest person in the room This contemporary sassy musical moves at a breakneck pace driven by memorable songs and explosive dances Legally Blonde The Musical warms the heart by proving that selfdiscovery can be way too much fun and hilarious to boot Elle Woods appears to have it all Her life is turned upside down however when her boyfriend dumps her so he can start getting more serious about his life and attend Harvard Law Determined to get him back Elle uses her ingenuity and charm to get into Harvard too School begins with endless struggles but with the help of her new friends Elle quickly realizes her potential and her true assets as she sets out to prove herself to the world and make everyone a believer Based on the beloved movie Legally Blonde The Musical will take you from the sorority house to the halls of justice with Broadways brightest new heroine and of course her Chihuahua Bruiser A highenergy hymn to the glories of girlishness The New York Times Read More

O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Africa Radio List 1023 KISS FM 237Xclusive Radio Adoration Matinale Afrodeep Radio Alrabaa 94 FM Amiz Miz Radio Androdesias Live Radio Asterisk Radio AYWA FM Burkina24 Radio Capital Radio Freetown Capital Radio Malawi Capital Radio Sierra Leone Cherie FM Guinee Classic FM 923 CREATIVE AFRICA RADIO Eben Eadio Afro Pop Eben Radio Eben Radio Africa Music Eben Radio Arabic Music Eben Radio Asian Music Eben Radio Classic and Soundtrack Eben Radio Hip Hop Music Eben Radio Latin Music Eben Radio Lounge Eben Radio Oldies Eben Radio RnB Eben Radio Tropical Music Energy 100 FM Flash FM Rwanda Flava FM Good Morning Africa Homeradiogroove Izere FM Jam Radio Libyana Hits FM LM Radio Magic FM 907 Mais Kizomba Mega Kizomba NBC Afrikaans NBC Damara Nam NBC German NBC Herero NBC Rukavango Nostalgie FM Nostalgie Guinee Nyumba Yanga Radio Ouaga FM Parliament Radio Praiafm Pure FM Seychelles QFM Zambia Radio Africa 1 Radio Al Bayane Radio Atlantico Radio Binkongoh Radio Cabo Verde International Radio Degnigban Radio Dhoif Radio Lome Radio LPC Radio Mauritanie Radio Micah Radio Mocambique Radio Okapi Radio Oreole Radio Pulsar Ouaga Radio Ribeira Brava Radio RM Desporto Radio Rwanda 1007 Radio Samar Radio Talibe RB1 Radio Botswana RDP Africa Rnstp Royal FM Kigali 943 RTB Radio Sahara Media FM Saia Radio Sams Radio Savane FM SBC Paradise FM Sierra Network Radio SW Radio Africa Tactfull FM Tijaniyyah Corner Times Radio Malawi Trace Fm Cote dIvoire TWR Africa Vibe Radio Malawi Yarona FM YONECO FM Znbc Radio Zodiak Radio More Africa Radio Country Afghanistan Africa Alabama Alaska Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Arabic Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cayman Island Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador English Estonia Ethiopia Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guatemala Guinea Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Ivory Coast Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Korea Kosovo Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lebanon Liberia Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Madagascar Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritius Mexico Mix Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Namibia Nepal Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Zealand Nicaragua Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Palestine Panama Paraguay Persian Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Somalia South Africa South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tamil Tanzania Thailand Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda UK Ukraine United Arab Emirates Uruguay USA Uzbekistan Venezuela Vietnam Zimbabwe Sahara Media FM Country Africa Genres Music News Talk Sahara Media FM is the popular Arabic language based African radio station broadcasting directly from the home of Sahara region This is one of the popular broadcaster of radio through online in this particular region Sahara Media FM has achieved the love of their listeners because of their enriched programs and full of information Sahara Media FM official website address is wwwsaharamediasnet Please wait for 1020 seconds Radio is Loading Not Working Report Your Problem Popular Africa Radio Zodiak Radio LM Radio Times Radio Malawi 1023 KISS FM RB1 Radio Botswana Capital Radio Malawi Similar Station NBC Herero Eben Radio Hip Hop Music Radio Africa 1 Eben Radio Tropical Music Translation English Shqip العربية Français Deutsch Italiano Bahasa Melayu Polski Română Русский Slovenščina Español by NB Most of the radio should work fine with Internet Explorer Chrome Safari Firefox If radio doesnt start itself please try another browser Please make sure that you have installed Adobe Flash Player on your computer After installing the plugin refresh your browser If the Radio is extremely choppy and stops every 5 seconds try listen to this Radio at different time Not all Radio Stations function for 24 hours everyday If you cant listen to any Radio try to listen at different time as the Radio Station may stop during midnight according to its own country time zone

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Live Science Animals Reference Meerkat Facts By Alina Bradford Live Science Contributor September 29 2014 0854pm ET Mum Fraggle pictured with her new additions to the meerkat mob at Belfast Zoo Credit Belfast Zoo Meerkats are catlike carnivores that are part of the civets and mongoose family They are identified by their long bodies short flat ears and their ability to stand on their back feet Meerkat coats can be gold silver orange or brown with dark patches of fur around the eyes Meerkats are small animals measuring 975 to 1175 inches 25 to 30 centimeters from head to rump Their tails add another 75 to 95 inches 19 to 24 cm to their length At less than 22 lbs 1 kilogram a meerkat weighs about the same as a squirrel Where do meerkats live These animals are found in the deserts and grasslands of Africa including southwestern Botswana western and southern Namibia and north and west South Africa They can also be found in the extreme southwestern areas of Angola and in the lowlands of Lesotho The Elephant Crossing exhibit is now alive with the pitterpatter of tiny feet Credit Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Meerkats live together in big groups Several meerkat families may live together to form a community called a mob gang or clan Such a group can include three to 50 meerkats according to the Natural History Museum and the mobs dominant female leads the group Living in intricate tunnel systems underground called burrows meerkats can stay safe from predators and cool during hot days One burrow can have as many as 15 entrance and exit holes and can reach up to 65 feet 2 meters deep according to the San Diego Zoo Unlike other burrowing creatures meerkats live in more than one burrow they keep several in rotation Every morning meerkats start their day with grooming or lying in the sun During the rest of the day they forage for food One meerkat will watch the group of foragers and alert them if a predator approaches This sentry is relieved and replaced each hour so that everyone can forage What do meerkats eat Though they are considered carnivores meerkats eat more than just meat Their diet includes lizards birds bugs and fruit according to the National Geographic They also like to treat themselves to scorpions Adult meerkats have some immunity to the venom so scorpion stingers are no problem However instead of allowing pups to learn by trial and error and risk receiving a potentially lifethreatening sting mothers will cut the tail off of a scorpion before feeding the arachnid to her young according to a 2006 study published in the journal Science Four meerkat babies have joined the baby boom success list at Belfast Zoo Credit Belfast Zoo Baby meerkats Females give birth to one to eight babies at a time but it is more common for meerkat mothers to have three to four offspring at a time The babies called pups are born underground where they are safe from predators At birth pups weigh 25 to 36 grams 09 to 13 ounces according to the San Diego Zoo In addition to being small pups are also blind deaf and almost hairless The whole family including the father and siblings pitches in to help raise the new additions By nine weeks the pups are weaned and by one and a half years the meerkats will be mature enough to have their own offspring Meerkats live up to eight years in the wild and up to 13 years in zoos Classificationtaxonomy The taxonomy of meerkats according to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS is Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Mammalia Subclass Theria Infraclass Eutheria Order Carnivora Suborder Feliformia Family Herpestidae Genus species Suricata suricatta Subspecies Suricata suricatta iona Suricata suricatta marjoriae Suricata suricatta suricatta Conservation status Meerkats are listed as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature s IUCNs Red List of Threatened Species There are currently no major threats to the animals and their populations are doing well Other facts Meerkat mothers can nurse their young while standing on their back legs A dominant meerkat mom will force subordinates to nurse her young for her according to a 2013 study published in the journal Animal Behavior When the pups are old enough their mother will bring them live bugs and teach them how to kill the prey according to the journal Science Young meerkats are so leery of birds that even airplanes will scare the animals into their burrows If the mob decides to move to another burrow family members and other caretakers will carry pups by the scruff of the neck A membrane covers and protects meerkats eyes while they dig When two groups of meerkats go to war over territory they will line up and charge each other much like human warriors did before modern technology Meerkat wars can result in many deaths so the animals try to avoid such conflicts by employing intimidation tactics according to the San Diego Zoo Additional resources Smithsonian National Zoo Meerkat Facts San Diego Zoo Meerkat Natural History Museum Meerkats

O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O

meerkat
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Environmental Impacts of Detergent Cindy Hill Image Joe RaedleGetty Images NewsGetty Images Detergents are cleaning products manufactured from synthetic chemical compounds as opposed to soap which originates with natural substances like lye and plant saponins Detergents figure in an extensive array of industrial and home cleaning applications including laundry and dishwasher detergents Released into the flow of wastewater coming from the home these detergents can have farreaching environmental impacts Phosphate Nutrient Loading Phosphatecontaining detergents can create algae blooms in fresh water These in turn use up the oxygen available for aquatic life according to Lenntech a water treatment facilities corporation affiliated with the Technical University at Delft the Netherlands This problem occurs because phosphorous and nitrogen from detergents are nutrients that stimulate excessive growth of algae and other aquatic vegetation reports the Indiana University News Room Nutrient loading with phosphates from laundry and dishwasher detergents as well as from suburban lawn chemicals can lead to eutrophication a process by which a freshwater aquatic ecosystem slowly dies due to continual oxygen depletion Phosphatecontaining Surfactant Toxicity Increase Surfactants or surfaceactive agents are chemicals that reduce the surface tension of oil and water in detergents surfactants help dirt to drop out and stay out of clothing or other items being cleaned Surfactants in detergents are toxic to aquatic life persist in the environment and break down into additional toxic byproducts according to the US Environmental Protection Agency In a freshwater environment surfactantcontaining detergents break down the protective mucus layer that coats fish protecting them from parasites and bacteria according to Lenntech The reduced surface tension of water also makes it easier for aquatic life to absorb pesticides phenols Packaging Laundry and dishwasher detergents come in plastic containers that are generally nonreusable and nonrecyclable according to the EPA The volume of detergent packaging heading to landfills given the weekly purchase of detergentbased household products by a significant portion of consumers creates an enormous environmental impact The European branch of the International Association for Soaps Detergents and Maintenance Products announced in 2009 an industrywide initiative to reduce detergent packaging by manufacturing smaller packages of more concentrated detergent products American consumers have also noticed smaller laundry and dishwashing detergent packages on their supermarket shelves The industry association notes that to be successful REFERENCES RESOURCES

B I O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

detergent
environmental impacts
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The Best Tai Chi DVDs for Beginners Henry Halse updated on January 30 2018 Image Duncan SmithPhotodiscGetty Images Although it is better for beginners to attend a tai chi class a good DVD can undoubtedly help to keep your practice going at home As a rule you should look for a DVD that sticks to beginners sequences provides clear explanations of each move and allows you to establish a daily routine DVDs that blend tai chi with qigong provide dual benefits A Beginners Guide to Short Form Tai Chi Renowned teacher Chris Peis Tai Chi for Beginners provides you with eight classes covering the basics of the Yang style tai chi 24 form which is a simplified version of tai chi based on 24 movements His clear stepbystep instructions and the lowimpact routine make his classes particularly suited to older learners and people with less mobility Qigong For Energy Qigong is the basis of the martial arts family that includes tai chi and kung fu Qigongs simple moves focus on drawing in energy and revitalizing all of the bodys systems and are easier to learn than a tai chi sequence making qigong a good starting point QigongTai Chi Blends Samuel Barnes Element Tai Chi for Beginners provides a blend of qigong and tai chi that ultimately gives you a flowing sequence of moves Barnes uses a twoprong technique of teaching the qigong basics first before moving on to tai chi Scott Cole wellknown for his media appearances has a number of tai chi DVDs His Discover Tai Chi for Beginners gives you a series of welldirected blend of simple tai chi and qigong exercises that allow beginners who have never attended a class to get started REFERENCES RESOURCES Comments

O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Carbohydrates Calories in a Bottle of Wine Meg Campbell Image A_PobedimskiyiStockGetty Images Wine consumption in the United States has nearly doubled over the past 20 years going from about 464 million gallons in 1995 to an estimated 895 gallons in 2014 according to the Wine Institute If you enjoy wine it can be fascinating to discover new varietals and contemplate potential health benefits Its worth noting however that wine contains a substantial number of calories Although a small proportion of those calories comes from carbohydrates most come from alcohol Wine Bottle Sizes Wine bottles come in a wide range of sizes and as such the number of calories and carbohydrates in any one bottle can vary greatly In addition to the standard 750milliliter bottles sold in most grocery and liquor stores you may also find halfbottles or those that contain 375 milliliters as well as magnum bottles which contain 1500 milliliters of wine or two bottles Even larger bottles of wine may be equivalent to four six eight or more standardsize bottles Calories in a Standard Bottle of Wine A typical wine bottle of 750 milliliters contains approximately 25 ounces of liquid In the United States a 5ounce serving of wine is considered standard by this measure a bottle of wine contains about five glasses Red table wine and rose wine provide the same level of calories with about 125 calories per glass or 625 calories per bottle White table wine is slightly lower in calories with 121 calories per glass or 605 calories per bottle While certain types of red or white wine may contain slightly more or fewer calories per bottle most varietals fall within the range Carbohydrates in a Standard Bottle of Wine Wine contains no fat a trace amount of protein and a small amount of carbohydrates Because it isnt a source of dietary fiber or complex carbohydrates all of the carbohydrates in wine are in the form of readily digested simple sugars Red and white table wine provide about the same amount of carbohydrates just under 4 grams of per 5ounce glass or roughly 20 grams of carbohydrates per 750milliliter bottle Rose wine is slightly higher in carbohydrates with almost 6 grams per serving or about 29 grams per 750milliliter bottle This means that carbohydrates account for approximately 80 calories or 13 percent of total calories in a standard bottle of red or white table wine Roughly 115 calories or 19 percent of calories in a bottle of rose wine come from carbohydrates All other calories come from alcohol Calories in a HalfBottle of Sweet Wine By definition dessert wines contain significantly more carbohydrates and calories than less sweet wines which is why they also usually come in smaller bottles and tend to be served in smaller glasses A sweet dessert wine has about 165 calories and 14 grams of carbohydrates per 35ounce serving an entire 375milliliter halfbottle of sweet dessert wine contains almost 590 calories and 50 grams of carbohydrates Dry dessert wines are only slightly lower in calories and carbohydrates Wine Consumption Guidelines As the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health notes alcohol can be a tonic or a poison depending on how much you consume While heart disease is the leading cause of death among heavy drinkers moderate alcohol consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of heart disease According to US Department of Agricultures Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion guidelines moderate drinking is defined as having no more than two drinks a day for men and no more than one drink a day for women These guidelines also define a 4ounce glass of wine as one drink which Moderate drinking isnt always a healthy choice however for recovering alcoholics pregnant women people with liver disease and people taking medication that interacts with alcohol consuming any amount of alcohol can pose a significant health risk REFERENCES RESOURCES Comments

B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Topics in Chronicling America The Chinese Exclusion Act Give me your tired your poor your huddled masses yearning to breathe free Emma Lazarus wrote on the Statue of Liberty reflecting the importance of immigration in the United States Yet in 1882 the Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited the immigration of all Chinese laborers The Act only repealed in 1943 was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history Read more about it The information and sample article links below provide access to a sampling of articles from historic newspapers that can be found in the Chronicling America American Historic Newspapers digital collection httpchroniclingamericalocgov Use the Suggested Search Terms and Dates to explore this topic further in Chronicling America Jump to Sample Articles Important Dates May 1882 Congress passes the Chinese Exclusion Act and President Chester A Arthur signs it April 30 1882 Chinese immigrants in Canada poised to cross US border when Exclusion Act expires September 1899 Hawaiian sugar planters grievously violate Exclusion law November 2123 1901 Chinese Exclusion Convention demands reenactment of Exclusion Law to protect labor November 26 1901 San Francisco Call reports plan to flood US with Chinese workers via Mexican border December 6 1901 William Jennings Bryan supports Chinese Exclusion law extension April 16 1902 Senate passes bill continuing Chinese Exclusion laws extending Geary Act to 1904 19051907 Widespread debate over effect of Exclusion Act on US economy and possible omission of certain classes from the law March 1909 Philippine Attorney General maintains Exclusion laws not applicable to Philippines Suggested Search Strategies Try the following terms in combination proximity or as phrases using Search Pages in Chronicling America Chinese Exclusion Act Chinese exclusion coolie Chinese immigration Geary Act Sample Articles from Chronicling America The Chinese Bill a Law Dillon Tribune Chronicle Dalles OR May 13 1882 Page 1 Image 1 col 1 A Celestial Horde The Dalles Daily Chronicle Dalles OR April 30 1892 Page 1 Image 1 col 5 An Unfair Competition Kansas Agitator Garnett KS September 8 1899 EightPage Edition Page 1 Image 1 col 23 Chinese Exclusion Convention Opens Fight In Defense of American Labor The San Francisco Call San Francisco CA November 22 1901 Page 1 Image 1 col 17 Chinese Exclusion Convention Comes to a Most Brilliant Close The San Francisco Call San Francisco CA November 23 1901 Page 1 Image 1 col 17 Scheme to Allow Yellow Hordes to Cross the Mexican Border The San Francisco Call San Francisco CA November 26 1901 Page 12 Image 12 col 27 The Yellow Peril The Commoner Lincoln NE December 6 1901 Page 1 Image 1 col 13 Senate Passes Bill Continuing Present Chinese Exclusion Laws The San Francisco Call San Francisco CA April 17 1902 Page 1 Image 1 col 57 Right Place for Strenuousness Okolona Messenger Okolona MS June 21 1905 Page 7 Image 7 col 12 The Chinese Exclusion Act Bisbee Daily Review Bisbee AZ June 30 1905 Page 4 Image 4 col 1 Agitation for Immigration of coolies Stirs Western Labor Men to Action The Labor World Duluth MN July 8 1905 Page 1 Image 1 col 35 Chinese Scores Exclusion Law Los Angeles Herald Los Angeles CA July 21 1905 Page 9 Image 9 col 13 Exclusion Law is Valid The Bemidji Daily Pioneer Bemidji MN January 10 1906 Page 1 Image 1 col 3 Let Chinese Come The Topeka State Journal Topeka KS October 24 1907 Last Edition Page 5 Image 5 col 3 Seth Low Favors Coolie Exclusion The Hawaiian Gazette Honolulu HI November 8 1907 Page 4 Image 4 col 2 Chinese Are Needed in Phillipines Says Lanier The Pacific Commercial Advertiser Honolulu HI March 30 1909 Page 1 Image 1 col 56

O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I B I I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

chinese exclusion act
chronicling america


Primary Documents in American History KansasNebraska Act William Reynolds Reynoldss political map of the United States designed to exhibit the comparative area of the free and slave states and the territory open to slavery or freedom by the repeal of the Missouri Compromise New York Wm C Reynolds 1856 Geography and Map Division The KansasNebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise allowing slavery in the territory north of the 36 30 latitude Introduced by Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois the KansasNebraska Act stipulated that the issue of slavery would be decided by the residents of each territory a concept known as popular sovereignty After the bill passed on May 30 1854 violence erupted in Kansas between proslavery and antislavery settlers a prelude to the Civil War Library of Congress Web Site External Web Sites Selected Bibliography Digital Collections A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation US Congressional Documents and Debates 17741875 This collection contains congressional publications from 1774 to 1875 including debates bills laws and journals Senate and House debate related to the KansasNebraska Act can be found in the Congressional Globe at January 23 1854 Debated in the Senate January 24 1854 Debated in the Senate January 31 1854 Debated in the Senate February 6 1854 Debated in the Senate February 7 1854 Debated in the Senate February 15 1854 Debated in the Senate March 3 1854 Debated and passed Senate May 8 1854 Debated in House May 9 1854 Debated in House May 16 1854 Debated in House May 17 1854 Debated in House May 18 1854 Debated in House May 19 1854 Debated in House May 20 1854 Debated in House May 22 1854 Debated amended and passed the House of Representatives by a vote of 113 to 100 May 25 1854 The final Senate debate on the KansasNebraska Act can be found in the appendix of the Congressional Globe 33rd Congress 1st Session May 25 1854 The Senate passed the KansasNebraska Act by a vote 35 to 13 May 30 1854 President Franklin Pierce signed into law An Act to Organize the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas KansasNebraska Act Search in the 33rd Congress using the phrase Kansas Nebraska to find more documents related to the KansasNebraska Act Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress The complete Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress consists of approximately 20000 documents Abraham Lincoln January 4 1855 Draft Resolutions for Illinois General Assembly concerning repeal of the KansasNebraska Act U S Congress 1854 Printed portion of KansasNebraska Bill Search Lincolns Papers using the phrase Kansas Nebraska to find additional documents related to the KansasNebraska Act The Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana This collection documents the life of Abraham Lincoln 18091865 both through writings by and about Lincoln as well as a large body of publications concerning the issues of the times including slavery the Civil War Reconstruction and related topics It contains eleven items related to the KansasNebraska Act including newspaper articles and political cartoons From Slavery to Freedom The AfricanAmerican Pamphlet Collection 18241909 This collection presents 396 pamphlets from the Rare Book and Special Collections Division published from 1822 through 1909 by AfricanAmerican authors and others who wrote about slavery African colonization Emancipation Reconstruction and related topics The landmark of freedom Speech of Hon Charles Sumner against the repeal of the Missouri prohibition of slavery north of 36p0s 30 In the Senate February 21 1854 Printed Ephemera Three Centuries of Broadsides and Other Printed Ephemera The Printed Ephemera collection comprises 28000 primarysource items dating from the seventeenth century to the present including a broadside from Massachusetts printed in 1854 soliciting support for the antislavery settlers in Kansas Search this collection to locate additional broadsides and printed ephemera related to Kansas in the 1850s Salmon P Chase Papers The papers of Ohio governor Lincoln cabinet official and Supreme Court justice Salmon P Chase 18081873 span the years 17551898 with the bulk of the material originating between 1824 and 1872 Chases papers contain two speeches concerning the KansasNebraska Act Salmon P Chase Papers Speeches and Writings 18491868 Speeches 1854 Jan 19 Appeal of the Independent Democrats in Congress to the People of the United States A printed copy of the eightpage pamphlet Appeal of the Independent Democrats written by Chase to denounce the KansasNebraska bill Salmon P Chase Papers Speeches and Writings 18491868 Speeches 1854 Feb 3 Maintain Plighted Faith speech in United States Senate against repeal of the Missouri Compromise Americas Library Jump Back in Time Kansas Entered the Union as a Free State January 29 1861 Chronicling America Historic American Newspapers Chronicling America This site allows you to search and view millions of historic American newspaper pages from 1789 to 1924 Search this collection to find newspaper articles about the Kansas Nebraska Act A selection of articles on the Kansas Nebraska Act includes Mr Douglas Nebraska Bill Weekly North Carolina Standard Raleigh NC January 18 1854 The Nebraska Bill Passed Nashville Union and American Nashville Tenn May 30 1854 The Press on Nebraska Burlington Free Press Burlington Vt June 2 1854 Today in History April 23 1813 US congressman senator and presidential candidate Stephen A Douglas was born in Brandon Vermont on April 23 1813 Douglas sponsored the KansasNebraska Act in 1854 January 29 1861 Kansas entered the Union as a free state on January 29 1861 External Web Sites The KansasNebraska Act ushistoryorg The KansasNebraska Act and the Rise of the Republican party 18541856 Abraham Lincoln Historical Digitization Project Northern Illinois University Kansas Statehood January 29 1861 National Archives and Records Administration Our Documents The KansasNebraska Act National Archives and Records Administration Territorial Kansas Online 18541861 Kansas State Historical Society and University of Kansas Selected Bibliography Etcheson Nicole Bleeding Kansas Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era Lawrence University Press of Kansas 2004 Catalog Record Goodrich Thomas War to the Knife Bleeding Kansas 18541861 Mechanicsburg Pa Stackpole Books 1998 Catalog Record Malin James C The Nebraska Question 18521854 Lawrence Kans 1953 Catalog Record Wolff Gerald W The KansasNebraska Bill Party Section and the Coming of the Civil War New York Revisionist Press 1977 Catalog Record Wunder John R and Joann M Ross The NebraskaKansas Act of 1854 Lincoln University of Nebraska Press 2008 Catalog Record Younger Readers McArthur Debra The KansasNebraska Act and Bleeding Kansas in American History Berkeley Heights NJ Enslow 2003 Catalog Record Top of Page

B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O


Unit

Assignment

on

Organization

Behaviour

GSK

Plc

Unit

Assignment

on

Organization

Behaviour

GSK

Plc

Program

Diploma

in

Business

Unit

Number

and

Title

Unit

Organization

Behaviour

GSK

Plc

QFC

Level

Level

Introduction

Organization

behaviour

perception

concern

around

the

area

of

study

investigating

how

groups

structure

and

individuals

behaviour

influence

organizations

The

impact

of

all

these

works

in

bringing

improvement

within

the

business

process

The

employees

behaviour

are

uncertain

and

varies

from

each

other

even

though

are

invaluable

for

organizations

Hence

the

key

focus

of

this

assignment

will

be

on

envisioning

human

interactions

at

GlaxoSmithKline

Plc

to

integrate

the

efforts

made

by

employees

with

the

recognition

of

common

objectives

The

report

will

elaborate

on

leadership

evaluation

culture

and

structure

adopted

by

GSK

for

team

management

in

order

to

commence

the

various

operational

activities

Task

Compare

and

contrast

the

structures

and

cultures

of

the

GSK

with

any

other

similar

organisation

P

Organisations

are

formed

for

meeting

human

needs

in

the

form

of

goods

or

services

The

structure

of

an

organization

can

take

many

forms

that

eventually

are

influenced

by

factors

like

purpose

size

tasks

intricacies

external

environment

and

its

culture

Products

services

or

locality

also

determines

organizational

structures

Organizational

culture

can

be

described

as

organizations

identity

and

comprises

of

assumptions

values

norms

employees

tangible

signs

and

their

behaviours

Samiksha

Comparison

between

GSKs

and

Pfizers

structure

Area

GSK

Pfizer

Structure

At

GSK

formal

organizational

structure

is

been

followed

The

organizational

structure

of

Pfizer

is

informal

Features

GSKs

arbitrary

organizational

structure

gives

reflection

to

the

methodical

approach

adopted

at

workplace

for

employees

distribution

to

accomplish

a

task

GSKs

structure

rigorously

perceives

the

company

policies

apart

from

the

predefined

objectives

The

formal

structure

exercised

within

GSK

allows

the

management

in

establishing

a

successive

command

line

Samiksha

Pfizers

informal

structure

is

immensely

flexible

and

confusing

because

it

lacks

fixed

links

This

kind

of

structure

does

not

pursue

any

fixed

path

communication

flow

At

Pfizer

employees

form

the

informal

structure

for

gaining

psychological

satisfaction

Samiksha

Impact

Formal

structure

has

empowered

GSK

in

properly

executing

its

functions

thereby

attaining

the

organizational

objectives

and

better

employees

management

The

structure

assists

employees

to

focus

on

their

responsibilities

within

GSK

Pfizers

informal

structure

allows

the

management

in

regulating

the

organizational

activities

This

kind

of

structure

facilitates

resilience

and

a

healthy

working

atmosphere

amid

the

employees

further

encouraging

them

in

functioning

towards

achieving

of

business

objectives

Comparison

between

GSKs

and

Pfizers

culture

Area

GSK

Pfizer

Culture

Academic

culture

is

practiced

in

GSK

Pfizer

determines

pragmatic

culture

Characteristics

GSKs

academic

culture

is

customeroriented

hence

it

focuses

on

engaging

skilled

employees

The

employees

are

encouraged

in

adopting

innovative

practices

at

work

further

providing

a

higher

extent

to

the

structure

Pfizers

pragmatic

culture

stresses

on

customers

and

their

definite

needs

Moreover

it

is

extremely

flexible

making

the

employees

accountable

for

their

responsibilities

The

power

of

decisionmaking

rests

with

the

authority

Pfizers

culture

allows

focusing

on

gaining

customer

satisfaction

for

attaining

the

organizational

goals

Impact

GSKs

academic

culture

assists

in

governing

guideline

within

the

employees

At

Pfizer

the

employees

are

encouraged

to

work

in

accordance

to

the

workplace

atmosphere

Explain

how

the

relationship

between

the

organizations

structure

and

culture

can

impact

on

the

performance

of

GSK

GSK

always

crave

for

establishing

a

stable

structure

and

culture

within

its

organizational

framework

because

the

management

realizes

that

both

are

interdependent

on

each

other

The

kind

of

culture

been

practiced

within

GSK

reflects

the

employees

working

style

apart

from

its

values

and

standard

One

can

determine

GSKs

structure

through

the

infrastructure

and

the

employees

hierarchical

positions

Employees

performances

are

dependent

on

GSKs

structure

and

culture

and

one

can

determine

their

efficiencies

and

commitment

through

the

same

GSKs

structure

and

culture

greatly

influence

its

business

thereby

showing

its

working

behaviour

which

aims

in

managing

the

workflow

and

workforce

The

structure

Discuss

how

individual

employees

behaviour

at

work

might

be

influenced

by

different

factors

at

GSK

Mentioned

below

are

the

factors

influencing

individual

behaviour

at

GSK

Personal

Factors

personality

perception

attitude

beliefs

etc

are

amongst

various

human

characteristics

playing

significant

role

in

framing

employees

behaviour

at

work

GSK

being

into

healthcare

sector

ensures

that

its

employees

adopt

friendly

approach

towards

customers

eventually

reflecting

GSKs

access

to

organizational

growth

and

transformation

Employees

personal

factors

unveils

their

sole

commitment

towards

quality

and

recognition

for

the

companys

core

values

and

diversification

further

showing

hisher

resolute

approach

and

behaviour

at

work

Kashyap

Environmental

factors

one

can

also

determine

employees

behaviour

at

work

through

economic

sociocultural

political

and

legal

factors

GSKs

employees

response

towards

the

economic

factors

can

be

determined

through

pay

career

growth

employee

trainings

and

reward

system

Sociocultural

factors

such

as

relationships

with

colleagues

management

and

customers

influence

employee

behaviour

Political

factors

indirectly

affect

employee

behaviour

by

furnishing

employment

opportunities

and

rise

in

financing

infrastructural

developments

and

operational

change

UKs

political

outlook

influence

employees

behaviour

through

the

availability

of

relative

freedom

Legal

factors

like

rules

and

laws

imposed

by

the

legal

system

influence

employees

behaviour

and

willingly

observing

the

laws

allows

GSK

to

Demographic

factor

socio

economic

background

education

nationality

race

age

gender

etc

are

the

demographic

factors

influencing

employees

behaviour

at

work

Organizations

usually

prefer

employees

belonging

from

good

socioeconomic

background

educated

etc

because

of

the

assumption

that

they

will

comparatively

perform

better

than

others

do

There

is

always

great

demand

of

professionals

having

decent

intellectual

background

and

effective

communication

skills

Kashyap

Psychological

factor

motivation

need

learning

values

etc

affect

employee

behaviour

at

work

For

example

if

GSK

lacks

in

fulfilling

an

employees

basic

needs

it

might

lower

hisher

motivational

factor

further

disheartening

them

and

the

affect

of

which

can

be

seen

in

their

workplace

behaviour

Contact

us

Get

assignment

help

from

full

time

dedicated

experts

of

Locus

assignments

Call

us

Email

supportlocusassignmentscom

Order

Now

Task

Compare

the

effectiveness

of

the

different

leadership

styles

at

GSK

with

any

other

similar

organization

A

leader

is

someone

who

shows

right

direction

to

the

employees

for

gaining

both

organizational

and

their

individual

professional

goals

and

ensures

that

strategies

and

plans

are

implemented

accordingly

Leader

has

a

significant

role

in

keeping

the

employees

motivated

and

pushing

them

in

giving

their

best

performances

Effectiveness

of

different

leadership

styles

on

GSK

and

Pfizer

Autocratic

practice

of

this

style

lets

the

leader

in

maintaining

professional

relation

with

the

employees

where

heshe

firmly

believes

in

supervising

directly

with

very

little

input

from

team

members

Since

this

style

involves

sheer

dictatorial

control

over

employees

it

is

not

consider

at

GSK

and

Pfizer

Chand

Paternalistic

in

this

form

the

leader

decides

on

what

is

best

for

employees

since

heshe

link

the

style

with

Mayos

motivation

thereby

addressing

employee

needs

Just

like

a

parentchild

relationship

the

leader

protects

and

supports

the

employees

resulting

into

higher

motivation

and

lower

employee

turnover

Paternalistic

leadership

is

discouraged

in

GSK

and

Pfizer

since

both

believe

in

giving

challenges

to

employees

and

not

suppressing

their

creativeness

Participative

employees

are

encouraged

to

participate

in

decisionmakings

by

a

participative

leader

Employees

at

GSK

take

part

in

the

process

of

strategic

decision

making

which

enhances

their

confidence

levels

This

style

is

even

preferred

at

Pfizer

because

the

management

considers

the

employees

as

invaluable

assets

hence

understand

the

importance

of

their

suggestions

thereby

giving

value

to

them

Chand

Freerein

such

leaders

dodge

power

and

responsibility

by

passing

it

to

the

subordinates

Heshe

allows

the

employees

in

establishing

their

own

goals

and

resolving

problems

with

zero

direction

The

leader

involves

minimally

because

heshe

believe

that

when

employees

are

left

to

themselves

they

give

their

best

in

gaining

maximum

outcomes

This

style

is

not

effective

in

GSK

and

Pfizer

because

not

all

employees

evolve

equally

in

it

Transactional

this

style

is

based

on

contingency

where

the

employees

are

either

rewarded

or

punished

upon

performances

GSK

and

Pfizer

firmly

believe

that

employees

should

be

rewarded

for

their

contributions

hence

have

designed

an

adequate

rewarding

system

within

the

structure

Chand

Explain

how

organization

theory

supports

and

explains

the

management

practices

at

GSK

One

can

describe

organizational

theory

as

designs

organizational

structure

external

environment

relationship

and

employees

behaviour

within

the

organization

further

advocating

the

means

of

surviving

rapid

changes

within

organizations

Management

on

the

other

hand

describes

the

process

to

plan

organize

direct

and

control

the

employees

to

reach

the

goals

and

objectives

Battilana

and

Casciaro

Organisational

theories

play

a

significant

role

in

underpinning

the

practice

of

management

at

GSK

Organizational

and

management

theories

are

used

within

GSK

in

various

aspects

Organizational

theories

application

positively

influences

GSKs

overall

business

performances

further

allowing

the

management

to

understand

the

surrounding

business

environment

Although

management

approaches

and

motivation

theories

are

designed

long

before

but

are

invariably

been

evolved

by

the

managers

when

executed

practically

Management

theories

involve

ideas

innovations

and

approaches

which

help

the

managers

in

smooth

execution

of

GSKs

operational

activities

By

developing

an

understanding

for

management

theories

GSKs

managers

can

easily

determine

and

contemplate

the

organizational

objectives

and

achieving

them

Organizational

theory

gives

structure

to

the

management

concept

that

eventually

determines

GSKs

operational

activities

through

a

methodical

approach

for

enhancing

employees

behaviour

and

performance

By

using

scientific

management

approach

GSK

can

target

the

instinctive

tools

and

techniques

for

designing

adequate

plans

Use

a

range

of

theories

and

other

sources

of

information

to

evaluate

three

different

approaches

to

management

at

GSK

and

any

other

similar

organisation

Different

approaches

to

management

used

by

GSK

and

Pfizer

are

evaluated

based

on

positive

and

negative

areas

Contingency

Approach

according

to

this

approach

GSK

can

derive

varied

management

concepts

and

implement

them

within

its

business

environment

only

by

considering

both

internalstructure

process

and

technology

and

external

social

economic

and

political

features

This

approachs

edge

is

management

suitability

depending

on

situation

hence

GSK

makes

use

of

ifthen

approach

However

this

approach

when

applied

at

Pfizer

brings

complications

while

evaluating

the

variables

managers

apply

in

various

situations

adversities

in

the

theorys

preliminary

testing

and

its

nature

that

is

receptive

Scientific

Management

Approach

GSK

pursues

this

approach

to

perform

tasks

rather

than

ensuing

a

thumb

rule

to

upgrade

its

resilience

One

can

easily

see

the

outcome

of

the

approachs

implementation

in

GSKs

escalated

productiveness

through

optimization

of

job

structure

The

biggest

advantage

GSK

gains

through

this

approach

that

managers

allocate

task

to

employees

according

to

their

skills

assuring

better

performances

The

approach

however

has

certain

drawbacks

such

as

lack

of

techniques

like

Management

by

Objective

or

Business

Process

Reengineering

Pfizer

on

the

other

hand

makes

the

best

use

of

this

theory

in

the

execution

and

development

of

the

business

activities

Pfizer

aims

to

Social

System

approach

relationship

between

the

internal

and

external

environment

is

emphasized

in

this

theory

Teams

within

GSK

are

formed

based

on

specializations

while

at

Pfizer

this

approach

is

used

to

derive

outcomes

and

teams

are

formed

based

on

customer

demands

This

approach

influences

both

GSK

and

Pfizer

in

addressing

the

factors

and

forces

affecting

the

business

however

lack

of

consideration

of

management

approaches

such

as

planning

controlling

etc

can

leave

a

negative

impact

Task

Discuss

the

impact

that

different

leadership

styles

may

have

on

motivation

at

GSK

during

periods

of

change

Both

leadership

and

motivation

are

compatible

to

each

other

One

can

describe

motivation

as

a

goaloriented

distinctive

which

pushes

an

individual

in

working

hard

for

attaining

hisher

goals

Hence

it

is

important

for

a

leadermanger

to

inculcate

right

leadership

attributes

for

influencing

individualemployee

motivation

Although

motivation

has

no

definitive

prototype

but

it

is

necessary

that

leader

maintain

an

open

viewpoint

on

human

nature

because

understanding

of

employees

needs

eventually

makes

the

decisionmaking

process

uncomplicated

MSG

It

is

important

for

both

employees

and

managers

in

possessing

leadership

and

motivational

tricks

Leaders

should

have

a

profound

knowledge

of

employees

motivational

factors

since

hisher

leadership

style

is

a

mean

to

motivate

others

Leadership

styles

and

its

link

with

motivation

Autocratic

leadership

These

kinds

of

leaders

hardly

seek

for

employees

input

in

decisionmakings

and

they

gravitate

in

keeping

the

employees

motivated

by

establishing

confidence

and

trust

that

heshe

has

the

capability

of

making

factual

and

constructive

decisions

If

managers

at

GSK

pursue

this

style

employees

believe

into

the

managers

knowledge

about

the

market

and

industry

further

extracting

motivation

from

the

managers

ability

in

keeping

the

teams

focus

on

attaining

the

company

goals

Root

Democratic

Leadership

such

leaders

endorse

for

employees

involvement

into

decisionmakings

and

the

motivational

ploy

they

use

is

inclusion

This

approach

cultivates

an

emotional

interest

within

the

employees

and

a

sense

of

pride

that

they

have

significantly

contributed

in

GSKs

success

Quiet

Leadership

such

leaders

believe

in

laying

back

and

allowing

the

employees

in

making

operational

decisions

further

acting

as

a

mentor

when

needed

and

motivating

the

team

members

to

direct

their

own

success

In

case

an

employees

performance

drops

heshe

will

help

by

offering

a

developmental

program

for

bring

them

back

on

track

Transformational

Leadership

such

leaders

believe

in

their

futuristic

vision

for

GSK

further

brining

success

to

the

employees

Heshe

drives

motivation

within

the

employees

by

bringing

them

on

board

ardently

with

their

innovative

ideas

which

is

used

continuously

for

giving

the

employees

a

better

future

and

being

more

productive

thereby

emphasizing

on

each

employees

role

in

the

overall

success

of

GSK

Root

Compare

the

application

of

any

two

different

motivational

theories

in

the

workplace

at

GSK

Motivational

theories

are

helpful

in

evaluating

various

motivational

factors

of

employees

influencing

their

behaviours

at

work

Managers

at

GSK

implement

these

theories

to

identify

the

reasons

that

encourage

certain

employees

in

working

harder

whereas

discourage

the

others

Gaining

an

understanding

of

motivational

theories

helps

the

managers

in

better

understanding

the

measures

needed

for

employee

motivations

further

enhancing

their

own

leadership

skills

Accel

Maslows

motivational

theory

Maslow

has

emphasized

on

fulfilling

employees

needs

through

a

pyramid

structure

He

further

insisted

that

employees

feel

demotivated

when

even

their

basic

needs

of

food

safety

shelter

clothing

etc

are

not

been

fulfilled

and

loose

interest

at

work

Once

the

basic

needs

are

met

and

job

security

is

given

employees

automatically

tend

to

get

motivated

through

social

aspects

and

as

soon

the

need

of

social

satisfaction

is

fulfilled

they

look

for

the

fulfilment

of

selfesteem

and

all

the

above

factors

are

satisfied

employees

search

for

selffulfilment

Accel

Herzberg

motivation

theory

Herzberg

stressed

on

providing

employees

with

hygiene

and

motivational

factors

In

the

absence

of

hygiene

factors

just

a

pay

hike

will

not

keep

the

employees

motivated

for

long

According

to

this

theory

GSK

needs

to

ensure

that

not

only

hygiene

factors

are

fulfilled

but

also

employees

contributions

are

rewarded

Accel

Evaluate

the

usefulness

of

any

motivation

theories

for

managers

including

the

limitations

of

these

theories

at

GSK

Maslows

Hierarchy

of

Needs

Maslows

motivational

theory

states

that

GSKs

managers

can

provide

motivations

through

various

sets

of

needs

that

will

include

physiological

safety

social

esteem

and

selfactualization

According

to

Maslow

an

employee

fails

in

seeking

the

satisfaction

of

higherlevel

needs

esteem

and

selfactualization

until

the

lowerlevel

needs

physiological

safety

and

social

are

fulfilled

Therefore

for

claiming

the

selfactualization

needs

managers

needs

to

first

evolve

employees

potential

by

rewarding

them

with

promotions

if

they

deserve

GSK

has

structured

entrylevel

positions

like

management

trainee

position

for

motivating

the

new

employees

and

enhancing

their

loyalties

towards

the

company

so

that

they

fulfil

the

expectations

Managers

applying

GSK

can

not

govern

all

employees

by

fulfilling

same

set

of

needs

as

every

individual

might

get

driven

by

different

needs

at

the

same

time

and

the

most

dominating

unsatisfied

need

motivates

an

employee

Maslows

theory

is

not

backed

empirically

Task

Use

theories

to

explain

the

nature

of

groups

and

group

behaviour

at

GSK

One

can

describe

group

as

a

number

of

people

who

come

together

for

achieving

a

certain

goal

When

people

work

together

it

not

only

sustains

their

interest

but

also

provides

support

in

successfully

accomplishing

a

given

job

The

success

of

a

group

relies

on

the

team

members

commitment

effective

decisionmaking

defined

roles

and

responsibilities

communication

and

personal

relationships

Group

behaviour

contributes

in

the

achievement

or

effectiveness

of

the

group

Working

within

a

group

provides

employees

with

opportunities

to

interact

with

each

other

and

grow

by

learning

Chaneta

Types

of

groups

Formal

groups

are

formed

intentionally

for

serving

GSKs

organizational

objective

It

is

divided

into

Command

group

these

groups

are

stated

by

the

organizational

chart

often

consisting

of

supervisor

and

subordinate

Example

marketing

department

Task

group

the

management

for

accomplishing

certain

tasks

creates

these

groups

Informal

groups

these

groups

are

formed

spontaneously

based

on

common

habits

or

interests

It

is

divided

into

Interest

groups

this

group

is

formed

between

people

sharing

common

interests

which

can

either

be

job

sports

national

politics

or

religion

Friendship

groups

this

group

comprises

of

members

sharing

one

or

more

common

characteristics

Chaneta

GSKs

cultures

integrity

is

unshakable

its

groups

nature

and

behaviours

Managers

design

group

behaviour

models

by

observing

the

employees

characteristics

because

it

has

often

been

observed

that

resembling

behaviours

of

two

members

within

a

group

brings

hurdles

in

the

work

process

At

GSK

equal

opportunity

and

uniformity

is

a

key

group

behaviour

factor

helping

to

analyze

groups

cohesiveness

and

the

probity

of

its

organizational

culture

and

communication

framework

Chaneta

Discuss

any

four

factors

that

may

promote

or

inhibit

the

development

of

effective

teamwork

at

GSK

At

GSK

teams

or

groups

are

treated

as

building

blocks

contributing

in

the

business

growth

and

performance

The

factors

facilitating

or

inhibiting

teamwork

at

GSK

are

Communication

transparent

communication

empowers

GSK

in

advocating

teamwork

Awareness

amid

the

team

members

about

their

roles

and

responsibilities

apart

from

the

goals

allows

them

in

making

significant

contributions

in

the

accomplishing

the

job

Moreover

it

also

minimizes

the

communication

gap

amid

them

Wolski

Leadership

teamwork

is

backed

by

leadership

that

is

dependable

because

leaders

influence

and

motivate

team

members

A

good

leader

encourages

teamwork

for

promoting

collaboration

coordination

and

discipline

amid

the

members

while

executing

their

responsibilities

Diversity

effective

teamwork

at

GSK

is

also

endorsed

through

culture

social

beliefs

engaging

diverse

talents

and

personalities

for

cultivating

creativeness

and

respect

for

differences

within

the

team

members

Skills

effective

teamwork

is

also

established

through

varied

skills

because

when

people

with

different

experiences

come

together

it

automatically

will

produce

fresh

ideas

However

it

can

also

lead

to

opinion

clashes

that

will

inhibit

teamwork

and

ruin

teams

cohesiveness

Wolski

Evaluate

the

impact

of

technology

on

team

functioning

at

GSK

Technology

has

helped

GSK

to

smoothen

its

operations

The

investment

made

on

technology

has

empowered

GSK

in

establishing

effective

communication

save

time

cutting

down

print

costs

and

evaluate

employees

performances

GSK

has

distributed

smartphones

and

tablets

to

all

the

employees

for

staying

in

touch

even

if

not

physically

present

at

work

Technologies

have

relatively

made

it

easier

for

the

managers

to

monitor

the

employees

maintain

customer

database

and

preparing

budget

for

projects

By

using

groupware

GSK

allows

the

team

members

to

plan

meetings

collaborate

delegate

through

a

virtual

platform

Advanced

technologies

like

video

conference

teleconferencing

etc

allows

the

members

in

Need

help

Get

Complete

Solution

From

Best

Locus

Assignment

Experts

conclusion

Through

this

assignment

an

indepth

understanding

of

organization

behaviour

and

its

impact

on

the

business

has

been

discussed

Relations

between

organizational

structure

and

culture

have

been

evaluated

and

discussion

has

been

made

about

its

relevance

in

enhancing

GSKs

productiveness

A

brief

analysis

about

various

leadership

styles

and

its

influence

on

employees

behaviour

and

performances

have

been

made

Lastly

the

impact

of

technology

on

effective

team

functioning

has

been

discussed

Reference

Accel

Employee

Motivation

Theory

and

Practice

Online

Available

at

httpwwwaccelteamcommotivation

Accessed

on

Battilana

J

and

Casciaro

T

Change

agents

networks

and

institutions

A

contingency

theory

of

organizational

change

Academy

of

Management

Journal

Chand

S

Different

Types

of

Leadership

Styles

Online

Available

at

httpwwwyourarticlelibrarycom

business

management

Accessed

on

Chaneta

I

Groups

and

Group

Behavior

Online

Available

at

Accessed

on

Kashyap

D

Top

Factors

Affecting

Individual

Behaviour

Online

Available

at

Accessed

on

Lefifi

K

The

relationship

between

Organizational

Culture

Structure

and

Performance

Online

Available

at

httpswwwlinkedincompulserelationshipbetweenorganizationalculturestructurekabelo

Accessed

on

MSG

Leadership

and

Motivation

Online

Available

at

httpsmanagementstudyguidecomleadershipmotivationhtm

Accessed

on

MSG

Maslows

Hierarchy

of

Needs

Theory

Online

Available

at

httpwwwmanagementstudyguidecommaslowshierarchyneedstheoryhtm

Accessed

on

Details

Delivery

in

days

Number

of

views

Unit

Unit

Organisations

and

Behaviour

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Solution

O O B O B I O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 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ROKU Roku Express 2018 3900CA Item L9571928 Our Price 4499 Home Delivery 35 days Free for orders over 75 Note Oversized items are not included for Free Shipping See Shipping Information for details Ship to Store 35 days Free In Store Pickup 2 hours or less Free Select a Store near you for availability Shipping information Return policy Overview Specification Reviews QA Roku Express is now 5x more powerful than previous 1080p HD streaming An intuitive interface makes it easy to access favourite free or paid channels Fast easy search across top channels Includes an easytouse remote and cables Amazing content Endless choice Access to 150 000 movies and TV episodes across thousands of free or paid channels Access to 4000 streaming channels including Netflix Google Play beIN Sports Acorn TVCineplex Store Crackle Deezer and more Stream almost anything blockbusters broadcast TV big entertainment brands niche channels live sports news music and more

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