Purpose Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency may be the most common primary immunodeficiency disorder that is strongly overrepresented among patients with celiac disease (CD). 47 IgA deficient blood donors, 4 (9%) were positive for IgG anti-tTG and 8 (17%) for anti-DGP. Four were diagnosed with biopsy verified CD, however, 2 of the patients were negative for all those markers. Sixty-eight of 69 individuals with positive IgG anti-tTG were HLA-DQ2/DQ8 positive whereas 7 (18.9%) of the 37 individuals positive for IgG anti-DGP alone were not. Conclusions IgG anti-tTG seems to be a more reliable marker for CD in AMD 070 IgA deficient adults whereas the diagnostic specificity of anti-DGP appears to be lower. High levels of IgG antibodies against tTG and DGP were frequently found in IgA deficient adults despite adhering to gluten free diet. Introduction Selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) insufficiency may be the most common principal immunodeficiency in Caucasians using AMD 070 a regularity of 1/600 in the overall population. The existing definition, established with the Pan-American Group for Immunodeficiency as Snap23 well as the Western european Culture for immunodeficiencies, defines the disorder as serum IgA amounts below AMD 070 or add up to 0.07 g/L with normal serum degrees of IgM and IgG in people of 4 years or older . Two-thirds people with IgA insufficiency are asymptomatic medically, however the defect may be connected with recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections and chosen autoimmune disorders . Celiac disease (Compact disc) is usually a chronic immune-mediated disease which affects AMD 070 genetically susceptible individuals exposed to dietary gluten . It is characterized by intraepithelial lymphocytosis, crypt hyperplasia AMD 070 and villous atrophy on a gluten-containing diet and mucosal recovery on a gluten free diet (GFD). The reported prevalence of CD varies widely, ranging from 0.3% to 2.4% in Europe . However, the frequency of CD might be even higher as many individuals remain undiagnosed, probably due to the absence or atypical nature of symptoms . There is a strong genetic predisposition in CD, where the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region contributes about 40% of disease susceptibility , especially the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2/DQ8 alleles, are present in more than 95% of the patients . However, the presence of HLA-DQ2/DQ8 is usually a necessary, but not sufficient, prerequisite for development of CD . In studies on small cohorts, IgA deficient patients have been shown to have a 10 to 20-fold increased risk of developing CD C. IgA deficiency has been reported to be strongly associated with the B8-DR3-DQ2 haplotype , , which is the strongest acknowledged risk haplotype for CD as well. CD is also associated with another IgA deficiency associated haplotype, DR7-DQ2, albeit to a much lesser degree , . Taken together, this might explain the overlap between CD and IgA deficiency, indicative of a common genetic background. The histological findings with small bowel mucosal villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia have long been the gold standard for diagnosing CD. However, serological screening tests are useful tools in selecting patients to undergo a diagnostic small bowel biopsy . In the beginning, IgA anti-native gliadin antibodies (AGA) were widely used but have in recent years been replaced by anti-endomysial antibodies (EMA) which were found to be a higher specific diagnostic marker . In 1997, tissue transglutaminase (tTG) was recognized to be the auto-antigen targeted by EMA in patients with CD . As the diagnostic accuracy of IgA antibodies against recombinant human tTG is usually high and markedly increased levels are highly predictive of CD , , , specific anti-tTG antibody assessments have been widely used for CD screening. Recently, it has even been suggested that a small bowel biopsy is not necessary for the medical diagnosis of pediatric.