they can do
3. How much can you do to get children to follow classroom rules?
6. I trust my students.
Teacher Sense of Self Efficacy (0.85)‚ Trust in Student and Parents (0.87)‚ Academic Emphasis (0.83)
Items 1-3: 1=
Nothing‚ 2=Very Little‚ 4=Some Influence‚ 4=Quite a bit‚ 5= A Great Deal frequently
Items 4-9: 1= Never‚ 2= Rarely‚ 3= Sometimes‚ 4= Often‚ 5= Always
1- Self-Efficacy (SE): Sum the scores of items 1‚ 2‚ and 3‚ and then divide by 3.
2- Trust (T): Sum the scores of items 4‚ 5‚ and 6‚ and then divide by 3.
3- Academic Emphasis (AE): Sum scores for items 7‚ 8‚ and 9‚ then divide by 3.
4- Standard score= [100X (items mean – Scale mean)/ std]+500
Fahy‚ P. F.‚ Wu‚ H. C.‚ & Hoy‚ W. K. (2010). Individual academic optimism of teachers: A new concept and its measure. In Wayne K. Hoy & Michael DiPaola (eds.). Analyzing school contexts: Influences of principals and teachers in the service of students. Greenwich‚ CN: Information Age.
Hoy‚ W. K.‚ Tarter‚ C. J.‚ & Woolfolk Hoy‚ A. (2006). Academic optimism of schools: A force for student achievement. American Educational Research Journal‚ 43‚ 425-446.