Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC) (, ). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors ( ). Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Involved in chromatin remodeling (By similarity). Plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner which recruits the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay (By similarity). Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth (By similarity). Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (By similarity). Promotes accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis (By similarity). May act as a tumor suppressor (By similarity). May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic gene expression (By similarity).
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Mitochondrion, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Spindle, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Microtubule organizing center, Centrosome
After ligand activation, translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus . In the presence of NR1D1 shows a time-dependent subcellular localization, localizing to the cytoplasm at ZT8 and to the nucleus at ZT20 (By similarity). Lacks this diurnal pattern of localization in the absence of NR1D1, localizing to both nucleus and the cytoplasm at ZT8 and ZT20 (By similarity).
Expressed in brain. Regions of high expression include CA1 and CA2 of hippocampus, dentate gyrus, paraventricular hypothalamus, lateral geniculate, lateral-medial amygdala, and cerebellum. In the cerebral cortex, laminar patterns of expression were apparent in all cortical layers, particularly the pyramidal cell-rich layers II/III and V.