Zinc-finger RNA-binding protein that destabilizes several cytoplasmic AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNA transcripts by promoting their poly(A) tail removal or deadenylation, and hence provide a mechanism for attenuating protein synthesis (        ). Acts as an 3'-untranslated region (UTR) ARE mRNA-binding adapter protein to communicate signaling events to the mRNA decay machinery (, ). Recruits deadenylase CNOT7 (and probably the CCR4-NOT complex) via association with CNOT1, and hence promotes ARE-mediated mRNA deadenylation . Functions also by recruiting components of the cytoplasmic RNA decay machinery to the bound ARE-containing mRNAs ( , ). Self regulates by destabilizing its own mRNA . Binds to 3'-UTR ARE of numerous mRNAs and of its own mRNA (     , ). Plays a role in anti-inflammatory responses; suppresses tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production by stimulating ARE-mediated TNF-alpha mRNA decay and several other inflammatory ARE-containing mRNAs in interferon (IFN)- and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages (By similarity). Also plays a role in the regulation of dendritic cell maturation at the post-transcriptional level, and hence operates as part of a negative feedback loop to limit the inflammatory response . Promotes ARE-mediated mRNA decay of hypoxia-inducible factor HIF1A mRNA during the response of endothelial cells to hypoxia . Positively regulates early adipogenesis of preadipocytes by promoting ARE-mediated mRNA decay of immediate early genes (IEGs) (By similarity). Negatively regulates hematopoietic/erythroid cell differentiation by promoting ARE-mediated mRNA decay of the transcription factor STAT5B mRNA . Plays a role in maintaining skeletal muscle satellite cell quiescence by promoting ARE-mediated mRNA decay of the myogenic determination factor MYOD1 mRNA (By similarity). Associates also with and regulates the expression of non-ARE-containing target mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level, such as MHC class I mRNAs . Participates in association with argonaute RISC catalytic components in the ARE-mediated mRNA decay mechanism; assists microRNA (miRNA) targeting ARE-containing mRNAs . May also play a role in the regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA decapping; enhances decapping of ARE-containing RNAs, in vitro . Involved in the delivery of target ARE-mRNAs to processing bodies (PBs) . In addition to its cytosolic mRNA-decay function, affects nuclear pre-mRNA processing (By similarity). Negatively regulates nuclear poly(A)-binding protein PABPN1-stimulated polyadenylation activity on ARE-containing pre-mRNA during LPS-stimulated macrophages (By similarity). Also involved in the regulation of stress granule (SG) and P-body (PB) formation and fusion (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis . Plays a role as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation in breast cancer cells .
(Microbial infection) Negatively regulates HTLV-1 TAX-dependent transactivation of viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter.
Subcellular locations: Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cytoplasmic granule, Cytoplasm, P-body
Shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm in a CRM1-dependent manner (By similarity). Localized predominantly in the cytoplasm in a p38 MAPK- and YWHAB-dependent manner (By similarity). Colocalizes with SH3KBP1 and MAP3K4 in the cytoplasm . Component of cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) (By similarity). Localizes to cytoplasmic stress granules upon energy starvation . Localizes in processing bodies (PBs) . Excluded from stress granules in a phosphorylation MAPKAPK2-dependent manner (By similarity). Shuttles in and out of both cytoplasmic P-body and SGs (By similarity).
Subcellular locations: Nucleus, Cytoplasm
(Microbial infection) Colocalizes with HTLV-1 TAX in the nucleus and the cytoplasm in a region surrounding the nucleus.
Expressed in both basal and suprabasal epidermal layers . Expressed in epidermal keratinocytes . Expressed strongly in mature dendritic cells . Expressed in immature dendritic cells (at protein level) .