In kidney, has anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties by limiting the induction of chemokines, fibronectin and collagen expression in response to TGB1 and pro-inflammatory stimuli.
Subcellular locations: Secreted
Detected in placenta (at protein level) . Detected in cerebrospinal fluid and fibroblasts (at protein level) (, ). Highly expressed in kidney, also detected on liver and spleen . Expressed by proximal tubular cells of the kidney (at protein level) . Expression highly increases during chronic kidney disease and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, where is detected in cysts .