Antimicrobial protein that is an integral component of the innate immune system (  ). Binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (, ). Acts via neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptors to enhance the release of CXCL2 . Postsecretory processing generates multiple cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides with various lengths which act as a topical antimicrobial defense in sweat on skin . The unprocessed precursor form, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, inhibits the growth of Gram-negative E.coli and E.aerogenes with efficiencies comparable to that of the mature peptide LL-37 (in vitro) .
Antimicrobial peptide that is an integral component of the innate immune system (    , ). Binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (  ). Causes membrane permeabilization by forming transmembrane pores (in vitro) ( ). Causes lysis of E.coli . Exhibits antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria such as P.aeruginosa, S.typhimurium, E.aerogenes, E.coli and P.syringae, Gram-positive bacteria such as L.monocytogenes, S.epidermidis, S.pyogenes and S.aureus, as well as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (in vitro) ( , ). Exhibits antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant S.aureus, P.mirabilis, and C.albicans in low-salt media, but not in media containing 100 mM NaCl (in vitro) . Forms chiral supramolecular assemblies with quinolone signal (PQS) molecules of P.aeruginosa, which may lead to interference of bacterial quorum signaling and perturbance of bacterial biofilm formation . May form supramolecular fiber-like assemblies on bacterial membranes . Induces cytokine and chemokine production as well as TNF/TNFA and CSF2/GMCSF production in normal human keratinocytes . Exhibits hemolytic activity against red blood cells .
Exhibits antimicrobial activity against E.coli and B.megaterium (in vitro).
Acts synergistically with peptides KS-30 and KR-31, killing bacteria such as S.aureus, E.coli and C.albicans at lower concentrations when present together, and maintains activity at increased salt condition . Does not have the ability to stimulate CXCL8/IL8 release from keratinocytes .
Poorly active (MIC > 150 uM) against E.coli strain K12 . Is able to induce the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF/TNFA or the chemokine CCL2/MCP1 .
Moderately antibacterial.
Moderately antibacterial . Acts synergistically with peptides KR-20 and KR-31, killing bacteria such as S.aureus, E.coli and C.albicans at lower concentrations when present together, and maintain activity at increased salt condition . Does not have the ability to stimulate CXCL8/IL8 release from keratinocytes .
Acts synergistically with peptides KS-30 and KR-31, killing bacteria such as S.aureus, E.coli and C.albicans at lower concentrations when present together, and maintain activity at increased salt condition . Does not have the ability to stimulate CXCL8/IL8 release from keratinocytes .
Inhibits the growth of E.coli and B.megaterium and exhibits hemolytic activity against human red blood cells.
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Vesicle
Stored as pro-peptide in granules and phagolysosomes of neutrophils (, ). Secreted in sweat onto skin .
Expressed in neutrophilic granulocytes (at protein level) (  , ). Expressed in bone marrow .
Expressed in granulocytes (at protein level) . Expressed by the eccrine apparatus and secreted into sweat on skin (at protein level) .
Expressed in bone marrow and testis.