Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas.
Inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist . Displays antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria S.aureus and M.luteus, and Gram-negative bacteria E.coli and P.aeruginosa (, ). Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines . Acts as a potent scavenger of free radicals in vitro . May play a role in the regulation of cardiac function and blood pressure .
Regulates granule biogenesis in endocrine cells by up-regulating the transcription of protease nexin 1 (SERPINE2) via a cAMP-PKA-SP1 pathway. This leads to inhibition of granule protein degradation in the Golgi complex which in turn promotes granule formation.
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Cytoplasmic vesicle, Secretory vesicle
Pyroglutaminated serpinin localizes to secretory vesicle.
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasmic vesicle, Secretory vesicle, Cytoplasmic vesicle, Secretory vesicle, Neuronal dense core vesicle, Secreted
Associated with the secretory granule membrane through direct interaction to SCG3 that in turn binds to cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts in intragranular conditions. In pituitary gonadotropes, located in large secretory granules.
Detected in cerebrospinal fluid (at protein level) . Detected in urine (at protein level) .
Found in the brain.