Bactericidal C-type lectin which acts exclusively against Gram-positive bacteria and mediates bacterial killing by binding to surface-exposed carbohydrate moieties of peptidoglycan. Restricts bacterial colonization of the intestinal epithelial surface and consequently limits activation of adaptive immune responses by the microbiota.
Acts as a hormone in response to different stimuli like anti-inflammatory signals, such as IL17A, or gut microbiome. Is secreted by different cell types to activate its receptor EXTL3 and induce cell specific signaling pathways. Induced by IL17A in keratinocytes, regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation after skin injury. In parallel, inhibits skin inflammation through the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL6 and TNF. Induced by IL22 in lung epithelial cells, inhibits cytokine production and regulates allergic airway inflammation. Induced in small intestine by inulin-enriched diet and Lactobacillus gasseri enriched microbiome, plays a role in the improvement of gut barrier function, the regulation of energy balance and glucose levels. Modulates microbiota composition in duodenal contents. Produced by nociceptor in response to endotoxins, prevents endotoxic death by targeting kynurenine pathway in microglia.
Has bacteriostatic activity.
Has bactericidal activity against L.monocytogenes and methicillin-resistant S.aureus.
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Cytoplasm
Predominantly expressed in pancreas, where it may be restricted to exocrine pancreas. Moderate expression levels in testis and weak in heart, kidney and placenta.