Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC) . Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors . Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Involved in chromatin remodeling . Plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner which recruits the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay . Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth (By similarity).
Has transcriptional activation and repression activity (    ). Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis . Promotes accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis . May act as a tumor suppressor . May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic gene expression (By similarity).
Acts as a dominant negative inhibitor of isoform Alpha ( ). Has intrinsic transcriptional activity independent of isoform Alpha when both isoforms are coexpressed (, ). Loses this transcription modulator function on its own . Has no hormone-binding activity . May play a role in controlling glucose metabolism by maintaining insulin sensitivity (By similarity). Reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis through down-regulation of PEPCK in an isoform Alpha-dependent manner . Directly regulates STAT1 expression in isoform Alpha-independent manner .
Has lower transcriptional activation activity than isoform Alpha. Exerts a dominant negative effect on isoform Alpha trans-repression mechanism .
Increases activity of isoform Alpha.
More effective than isoform Alpha in transcriptional activation, but not repression activity.
Has transcriptional activation activity.
Has transcriptional activation activity.
Has transcriptional activation activity.
Has highest transcriptional activation activity of all isoforms created by alternative initiation (, ). Has transcriptional repression activity . Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (, ).
Has transcriptional activation activity.
Has transcriptional activation activity.
Has lowest transcriptional activation activity of all isoforms created by alternative initiation (, ). Has transcriptional repression activity .
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Mitochondrion, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Spindle, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Microtubule organizing center, Centrosome
After ligand activation, translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In the presence of NR1D1 shows a time-dependent subcellular localization, localizing to the cytoplasm at ZT8 and to the nucleus at ZT20 (By similarity). Lacks this diurnal pattern of localization in the absence of NR1D1, localizing to both nucleus and the cytoplasm at ZT8 and ZT20 (By similarity).
Subcellular locations: Nucleus, Cytoplasm
Expressed predominantly in the nucleus with some expression also detected in the cytoplasm.
Subcellular locations: Nucleus, Cytoplasm
After ligand activation, translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
Widely expressed including bone, stomach, lung, liver, colon, breast, ovary, pancreas and kidney . In the heart, detected in left and right atria, left and right ventricles, aorta, apex, intraventricular septum, and atrioventricular node as well as whole adult and fetal heart .
Widely expressed including brain, bone marrow, thymus, spleen, liver, kidney, pancreas, lung, fat, skeletal muscle, heart, placenta and blood leukocytes.
Widely expressed.