Forms a water-specific channel ( ). Plays an important role in brain water homeostasis and in glymphatic solute transport. Required for a normal rate of water exchange across the blood brain interface. Required for normal levels of cerebrospinal fluid influx into the brain cortex and parenchyma along paravascular spaces that surround penetrating arteries, and for normal drainage of interstitial fluid along paravenous drainage pathways. Thereby, it is required for normal clearance of solutes from the brain interstitial fluid, including soluble beta-amyloid peptides derived from APP. Plays a redundant role in urinary water homeostasis and urinary concentrating ability (By similarity).
Subcellular locations: Cell membrane, Basolateral cell membrane, Endosome membrane, Cell membrane, Sarcolemma, Cell projection
Activation of the vasopressin receptor AVPR1A triggers AQP4 phosphorylation at Ser-180 and promotes its internalization from the cell membrane. Detected on brain astrocyte processes and astrocyte endfeet close to capillaries.
Detected in skeletal muscle . Detected in stomach, along the glandular base region of the fundic gland (at protein level) . Detected in brain, lung and skeletal muscle, and at much lower levels in heart and ovary (, ).