Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase that degrades poly(ADP-ribose) by hydrolyzing the ribose-ribose bonds present in poly(ADP-ribose) (   ). PARG acts both as an endo- and exoglycosidase, releasing poly(ADP-ribose) of different length as well as ADP-ribose monomers (, ). It is however unable to cleave the ester bond between the terminal ADP-ribose and ADP-ribosylated residues, leaving proteins that are mono-ADP-ribosylated ( ). Poly(ADP-ribose) is synthesized after DNA damage is only present transiently and is rapidly degraded by PARG (, ). Required to prevent detrimental accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) upon prolonged replicative stress, while it is not required for recovery from transient replicative stress . Responsible for the prevalence of mono-ADP-ribosylated proteins in cells, thanks to its ability to degrade poly(ADP-ribose) without cleaving the terminal protein-ribose bond . Required for retinoid acid-dependent gene transactivation, probably by removing poly(ADP-ribose) from histone demethylase KDM4D, allowing chromatin derepression at RAR-dependent gene promoters . Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with PARP1, NMNAT1 and NUDT5 . Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming .
Subcellular locations: Nucleus
Colocalizes with PCNA at replication foci . Relocalizes to the cytoplasm in response to DNA damage .
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm
Translocates to the nucleus in response to DNA damage.
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Mitochondrion
Subcellular locations: Mitochondrion matrix
Ubiquitously expressed.