Protein-lysine 6-oxidase that mediates the oxidation of peptidyl lysine residues to allysine in target proteins (, ). Catalyzes the post-translational oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors of elastin and different types of collagens, a prerequisite in the formation of cross-links between collagens and elastin . Required for somite boundary formation by catalyzing oxidation of fibronectin (FN1), enhancing integrin signaling in myofibers and their adhesion to the myotendinous junction (MTJ) (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of inflammatory response by inhibiting differentiation of naive CD4(+) T-cells into T-helper Th17 or regulatory T-cells (Treg): acts by interacting with STAT3 in the nucleus and catalyzing both deacetylation and oxidation of lysine residues on STAT3, leading to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit STAT3 transcription activity . Oxidation of lysine residues to allysine on STAT3 preferentially takes place on lysine residues that are acetylated . Also able to catalyze deacetylation of lysine residues on STAT3 .
Shows protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity toward elastin and different types of collagens, with the highest activity toward collagen type VIII .
Shows protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity toward elastin and different types of collagens, with the highest activity toward collagen type IV .
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Extracellular space, Cytoplasm, Nucleus
It is unclear how LOXL3 is both intracellular (cytoplasmic and nuclear) and extracellular: it contains a clear signal sequence and is predicted to localize in the extracellular medium. However, the intracellular location is clearly reported and at least another protein of the family (LOXL2) also has intracellular and extracellular localization despite the presence of a signal sequence .
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Extracellular space
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Secreted, Extracellular space
Isoform 1: Predominantly detected in the heart, placenta, lung, and small intestine . Isoform 2: Highly detected in the kidney, pancreas, spleen, and thymus, and is absent in lung . In eye, present in all layers of corneas as well as in the limbus and conjunctiva (at protein level) .