Catalyzes the formation of the signaling molecule cAMP (  ). May function as sensor that mediates responses to changes in cellular bicarbonate and CO(2) levels (, ). Has a critical role in mammalian spermatogenesis by producing the cAMP which regulates cAMP-responsive nuclear factors indispensable for sperm maturation in the epididymis. Induces capacitation, the maturational process that sperm undergo prior to fertilization (By similarity). Involved in ciliary beat regulation .
Subcellular locations: Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Cytoplasm, Perinuclear region, Nucleus, Cell projection, Cilium, Cytoplasm, Mitochondrion
Distributed to subcellular compartments containing cAMP targets. Found as a plasma membrane-associated protein, protein concentrated in the perinuclear region and protein colocalized with actin or tubulin.
Detected in airway epithelial cells and testis (at protein level) . Weakly expressed in multiple tissues. Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, peripheral blood leukocytes, placenta, skeletal muscle, stomach, thymus, airway epithelial cells, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Very low level of expression in bone.