Acts as a signaling molecule that communicates proliferative growth signals from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Plays a role for the localization and accumulation of the survival motor neuron protein SMN1 in sub-nuclear bodies, including gems and Cajal bodies. Induces neuron differentiation and stimulates axonal growth and formation of growth cone in spinal cord motor neurons. Plays a role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. May be involved in H(2)O(2)-induced neuronal cell death (By similarity).
Subcellular locations: Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Cytoplasm, Perinuclear region, Nucleus, Gem, Nucleus, Cajal body, Cell projection, Axon, Cell projection, Growth cone
Localized predominantly in the cytoplasm in serum-starved cells growth arrested in G0 of the mitotic cell cycle. Localized both in the nucleus and cytoplasm at the G1 phase of the mitotic cell cycle. Accumulates in the subnuclear bodies during progression into the S phase of the mitotic cell cycle. Diffusely localized throughout the cell during mitosis. Colocalized with NPAT and SMN1 in nuclear bodies including gems (Gemini of coiled bodies) and Cajal bodies in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Colocalized with EGFR in the cytoplasm of quiescent cells. Translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in a epidermal growth factor (EGF)-dependent manner. Translocates together with EEF1A1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleolus after treatment with mitogens. Colocalized with SMN1 in Gemini of coiled bodies (gems), Cajal bodies, axon and growth cones of neurons (By similarity).