Recruits the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PPP1CA to prevents excessive phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF-2A/EIF2S1, thereby reversing the shut-off of protein synthesis initiated by stress-inducible kinases and facilitating recovery of cells from stress (, ). Down-regulates the TGF-beta signaling pathway by promoting dephosphorylation of TGFB1 by PP1 . May promote apoptosis by inducing p53/TP53 phosphorylation on 'Ser-15' . Plays an essential role in autophagy by tuning translation during starvation, thus enabling lysosomal biogenesis and a sustained autophagic flux . Acts also a viral restriction factor by attenuating HIV-1 replication . Mechanistically, mediates the inhibition of HIV-1 TAR RNA-mediated translation .
(Microbial infection) Promotes enterovirus 71 replication by mediating the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity of viral 5'-UTR.
Subcellular locations: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Mitochondrion outer membrane
Associates with membranes via an N-terminal amphipathic intramembrane region.