Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 . Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling . Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 . Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration (, ). Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro ( ). Can induce angiogenesis (, ). Mediates phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and thereby promotes retinal lens fiber differentiation .
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Nucleus
Exported from cells by an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi-independent mechanism. Unconventional secretion of FGF2 occurs by direct translocation across the plasma membrane . Binding of exogenous FGF2 to FGFR facilitates endocytosis followed by translocation of FGF2 across endosomal membrane into the cytosol . Nuclear import from the cytosol requires the classical nuclear import machinery, involving proteins KPNA1 and KPNB1, as well as CEP57 .
Expressed in granulosa and cumulus cells. Expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, but not in non-cancerous liver tissue.