Catalyzes the two-electron oxidation of bromide by hydrogen peroxide and generates hypobromite as a reactive intermediate which mediates the formation of sulfilimine cross-links between methionine and hydroxylysine residues within an uncross-linked collagen IV/COL4A1 NC1 hexamer (   , ). In turns, directly contributes to the collagen IV network-dependent fibronectin/FN and laminin assembly, which is required for full extracellular matrix (ECM)-mediated signaling ( ). Thus, sulfilimine cross-links are essential for growth factor-induced cell proliferation and survival in endothelial cells, an event essential to basement membrane integrity . In addition, through the bromide oxidation, may promote tubulogenesis and induce angiogenesis through ERK1/2, Akt, and FAK pathways . Moreover brominates alpha2 collagen IV chain/COL4A2 at 'Tyr-1485' and leads to bromine enrichment of the basement membranes . In vitro, can also catalyze the two-electron oxidation of thiocyanate and iodide and these two substrates could effectively compete with bromide and thus inhibit the formation of sulfilimine bonds . Binds laminins . May play a role in the organization of eyeball structure and lens development during eye development (By similarity).
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Extracellular space, Extracellular matrix, Endoplasmic reticulum, Cell surface, Secreted, Extracellular space, Extracellular matrix, Basement membrane
Enriched in the peritubular space of fibrotic kidneys. Adheres on the cell surface in 'hot spots' . Only the proteolytically processed PXDN integrates into the extracellular matrix .
Subcellular locations: Secreted, Extracellular space, Extracellular matrix
Expressed at higher levels in heart, lung, ovary, spleen, intestine and placenta, and at lower levels in liver, colon, pancreas, kidney, thymus, skeletal muscle and prostate. Expressed in tumors such as melanoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer and glioblastoma. A shorter form probably lacking the signal sequence is found in testis and in EB1 cells undergoing p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis.