Connects cell membrane constituents to the actin cytoskeleton. May promote orthogonal branching of actin filaments and links actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. Anchors various transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton. Interaction with FLNA may allow neuroblast migration from the ventricular zone into the cortical plate. Various interactions and localizations of isoforms affect myotube morphology and myogenesis. Isoform 6 accelerates muscle differentiation in vitro.
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Cell cortex, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Stress fiber, Cytoplasm, Myofibril, Sarcomere, Z line
In differentiating myotubes, isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 are localized diffusely throughout the cytoplasm with regions of enrichment at the longitudinal actin stress fiber. In differentiated tubes, isoform 1 is also detected within the Z-lines.
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Stress fiber
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Stress fiber
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton
Polarized at the periphery of myotubes.
Ubiquitous. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in placenta, bone marrow, brain, umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), retina and skeletal muscle. Isoform 1 is predominantly expressed in prostate, uterus, liver, thyroid, stomach, lymph node, small intestine, spleen, skeletal muscle, kidney, placenta, pancreas, heart, lung, platelets, endothelial cells, megakaryocytic and erythroleukemic cell lines. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in spinal cord, platelet and Daudi cells. Also expressed in thyroid adenoma, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), senile plaques in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in Alzheimer disease (AD). Isoform 3 and isoform 6 are expressed predominantly in lung, heart, skeletal muscle, testis, spleen, thymus and leukocytes. Isoform 4 and isoform 5 are expressed in heart.