UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) that catalyzes phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase the metabolite's water solubility, thereby facilitating excretion into either the urine or bile (   , ). Essential for the elimination and detoxification of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds (, ). Catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogen hormones such as estradiol, estrone and estriol ( ). Also catalyzes the glucuronidation of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A and prunetin, which are phytoestrogens with anticancer and cardiovascular properties (, ). Involved in the glucuronidation of the AGTR1 angiotensin receptor antagonist losartan, caderastan and zolarsatan, drugs which can inhibit the effect of angiotensin II .
Lacks UGT glucuronidation activity but acts as a negative regulator of isoform 1.
Subcellular locations: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Liver and colon . Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in colon, esophagus and small intestine; isoform 2 but not isoform 1 is expressed in liver or kidney .