Together with BOLA2, acts as a cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly factor that facilitates [2Fe-2S] cluster insertion into a subset of cytosolic proteins (, ). Acts as a critical negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and a positive inotropic regulator (By similarity). Required for hemoglobin maturation . Does not possess any thyoredoxin activity since it lacks the conserved motif that is essential for catalytic activity.
Subcellular locations: Cytoplasm, Cytosol, Cytoplasm, Cell cortex, Cytoplasm, Myofibril, Sarcomere, Z line
Under the plasma membrane (By similarity). After PMA stimulation, GLRX3 and PRKCQ/PKC-theta translocate to a more extended submembrane area (By similarity). In the Z line, found associated with CSRP3 (By similarity).
Expressed in heart, spleen, testis and, to a lower extent, in thymus and peripheral blood leukocytes. Weakly expressed in lung, placenta, colon and small intestine.