Magnesium-independent phospholipid phosphatase of the plasma membrane that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of a variety of glycerolipid and sphingolipid phosphate esters including phosphatidate/PA, lysophosphatidate/LPA, diacylglycerol pyrophosphate/DGPP, sphingosine 1-phosphate/S1P and ceramide 1-phosphate/C1P (  ). Also acts on N-oleoyl ethanolamine phosphate/N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-ethanolamine phosphate, a potential physiological compound . Through its extracellular phosphatase activity allows both the hydrolysis and the cellular uptake of these bioactive lipid mediators from the milieu, regulating signal transduction in different cellular processes ( , ). It is for instance essential for the extracellular hydrolysis of S1P and subsequent conversion into intracellular S1P . Involved in the regulation of inflammation, platelets activation, cell proliferation and migration among other processes (, ). May also have an intracellular activity to regulate phospholipid-mediated signaling pathways (By similarity).
Subcellular locations: Cell membrane, Apical cell membrane, Membrane raft, Membrane, Caveola
Widely expressed with highest expression found in prostate . Found to be down-regulated in colon adenocarcinomas .
Predominant in kidney, lung, placenta and liver.
Predominant in heart and pancreas.