Bactericidal C-type lectin which acts exclusively against Gram-positive bacteria and mediates bacterial killing by binding to surface-exposed carbohydrate moieties of peptidoglycan . Binds membrane phospholipids and kills bacteria by forming a hexameric membrane-permeabilizing oligomeric pore .
Acts as a hormone in response to different stimuli like anti-inflammatory signals, such as IL17A, or gut microbiome. Secreted by different cell types to activate its receptor EXTL3 and induce cell specific signaling pathways ( , ). Induced by IL17A in keratinocytes, regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation after skin injury via activation of EXTL3-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway . In parallel, inhibits skin inflammation through the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL6 and TNF . In pancreas, is able to permealize beta-cells membrane and stimulate their proliferation .
Has bacteriostatic activity.
Subcellular locations: Secreted
Found in the apical region of pancreatic acinar cells.
Expressed by keratinocytes . Highly expressed in epidermal keratinocytes of psoriasis patients (at protein level) . Constitutively expressed in intestine. Low expression is found in healthy pancreas. Overexpressed during the acute phase of pancreatitis and in some patients with chronic pancreatitis .