law: Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
  17. Functions of State Board.
  
  (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the
  
  functions of a State Board shall be -
  (a) to plan a
  
  comprehensive programme for the prevention, control or abatement of pollution
  
  of streams and wells in the State and to secure the execution thereof;
  (b) to advise the
  
  State Government on any matter concerning the prevention, control or abatement
  
  of water pollution;
  (c) to collect and
  
  disseminate information relating to water pollution and the prevention, control
  
  or abatement thereof;
  (d) to encourage,
  
  conduct and participate in investigations and research relating to problems of
  
  water pollution and prevention, control or abatement of water pollution;
  (e) to collaborate
  
  with the Central Board in organizing the training of persons engaged or to be
  
  engaged in programmes relating to prevention, control or abatement of water
  
  pollution and to organize mass education programmes relating thereto;
  (f) to inspect sewage
  
  or trade effluence, works and plants for the treatment of sewage and trade
  
  effluents and to review plans, specifications or other data relating to plants
  
  set up for the treatment of water, works for the purification thereof and the
  
  system for the disposal of sewage or trade effluents or in connection with the
  
  grant of any consent as required by this Act;
  (g) to lay down,
  
  modify or annual effluent standards for the sewage and trade effluents and for
  
  the quality of receiving waters (not being water, in an inter-State stream)
  
  resulting from the discharge of effluents and to classify waters of the State;
  (h) to evolve
  
  economical and reliable methods of treatment of sewage and trade effluents,
  
  having regard to the peculiar conditions of solids, climate and water resources
  
  of different regions and more especially the prevailing flow characteristics of
  
  water in streams and wells which render it impossible to attain even the
  
  minimum degree of dilution;
  (i) to evolve methods
  
  of utilization of sewage and suitable trade effluents in agriculture;
  (j) to evolve efficient methods of disposal of sewage and trade effluents on
  
  land, as are necessary on account of the predominant conditions of scant stream
  
  flows that do not provide for major part of the year the minimum degree of
  
  dilution;
  (k) to lay down
  
  standards of treatment of sewage and trade effluents to be discharged into any
  
  particular stream taking into account the minimum fair weather dilution
  
  available in that stream and the tolerance limits of pollution permissible in
  
  the water of the stream, after the discharge of such effluents;
  
  
  (l) to make, vary or revoke any order -
  (i) for the
  
  prevention, control or abatement of discharges of waste into streams or wells;
  (ii) requiring any
  
  person concerned to construct new systems for the disposal of sewage and trade
  
  effluents or to modify, alter or extend any such existing system or to adopt
  
  such remedial measures as are necessary to prevent, control or abate water
  
  pollution;
  (m) to lay down
  
  effluent standards to be complied with by persons while causing discharge of
  
  sewage or sullage or both and to lay down, modify or annual effluent standards
  
  for the sewage and trade effluents;
  (n) to advise the
  
  State Government with respect to the location of any industry the carrying on
  
  of which is likely to pollute a stream or well;
  (o) to perform such other functions as may be prescribed or as may, from time
  
  to time, be entrusted to it by the Central Board or the State Government.
  (2) The Board may establish or recognize a
  
  laboratory or laboratories to enable the Boards to perform its functions under
  
  this section efficiently, including the analysis of samples of water from any
  
  stream or well or of samples of any sewage or trade effluents.