law: Land Acquisition Act, 1894
  3. Definition:-
  
  In this Act, unless
  
  there is something repugnant in the subject or context,-
  (a) the expression”
  
  land" includes benefits to arise out of land, and things attached to the
  
  earth or permanently fastended to anything attached to the earth;
  (b) the expression
  
  " person interested" includes all persons claiming an interest in
  
  compensation to be made on account of the acquisition of land under this Act;
  
  and a person shall be deemed to be interested in land if he is interested in an
  
  easement affecting the land;
  (c) the expression
  
  "Collector" means the Collector of a district, and includes a Deputy
  
  Commissioner and any officer specially appointed by the appropriate Government
  
  to perform the function of a Collector under this Act;
  (d) the expression "Court"
  
  means a principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction, unless the appropriate
  
  Government has appointed (as it is hereby empowered to do) a special judicial
  
  officer within any specified local limits to perform the functions of the Court
  
  under this Act;
  (e) the expression
  
  "Company" means a Company registered under the {See now the Indian
  
  Companies Act, 1913(7 of 1913)} Indian Companies Act, 1882, or under the
  
  (English) Companies Acts, 1862 to 1890, or incorporated by an Act of Parliament
  
  {Ins.by the A.O.1950.} [of the United Kingdom ] or by an Indian law, or by Royal Charter or Letters Patent {Ins.by Act
  
  17 of 1919, s.2.}[and includes a society registered under the Societies
  
  Registration Act, 1860, and a registered society within the meaning of the Co-operative
  
  Societies Act, 1912];
  {Ins.by the
  
  A.O.1950.}[(ee) the expression "appropriate Government" means, in
  
  relation to acquisition of land for the purposes of the   Union , the Central
  
  Government, and, in relation to acquisition of land for any other purposes, the
  
  State Government].
  (f)The expression
  
  " public purpose" includes the provision of village-sites In
  
  districts in which the appropriate Government shall have declared by
  
  notification in the Official Gazette that it is customary for the Government to
  
  make such provision; and
  (g) the following
  
  persons shall be deemed persons "entitled to act" as and to the
  
  extent hereinafter provided (that is to say)-
  trustees for other
  
  persons beneficially interested shall be deemed the persons entitled to act
  
  with reference to any such case, and that to the same extent as the persons
  
  beneficially interested could have acted if free from disability;
  
  
  a married woman, in cases to which the English law is applicable, shall be
  
  deemed the person so entitled to act, and whether of full age or not, to the
  
  same extent as if she were unmarried and of full age ; and the guardians of
  
  minors and the committees or managers of lunatics or idiots shall be deemed
  
  respectively the persons so entitled to act, the same extent as the minors,
  
  lunatics or idiots themselves, if free from disability , could have acted:
  Provided that-
  (i) no person shall be
  
  deemed "entitled to act" whose interest in the subject- matter shall
  
  be shown to the satisfaction of the Collector or Court to be adverse to the
  
  interest of the person interested for whom he would otherwise be entitled to
  
  act;
  (ii) in every such
  
  case the person interested may appear by a next friend or, in default of his
  
  appearance by a next friend, the Collector or Court , as the case may be ,
  
  shall appoint a guardian for the case to act on his behalf in the conduct
  
  thereof ;
  (iii) the provisions
  
  of {See now the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), Sch.I Order XXXII.}
  
  Chapter XXXI of the Code of Civil Procedure shall , mutatis mutandis, apply in
  
  the case of persons interested appearing before a Collector or Court by a next
  
  friend, or by a guardian for the case, in proceedings under this Act ; and
  
  
  (iv) no person "entitled to act" shall be competent to receive the
  
  compensation- money payable to the person for whom he is entitled to act unless
  
  he would have been competent to alienate the land and receive and give a good
  
  discharge for the purchase- many on a voluntary sale.
  PART II
  ACQUISITION
   
  Preliminary investigation
  {As to amendments with
  
  which this section should be read when land is required for the purposes of a
  
  Company, See s.38 (2), infra.)
  (A protected monument
  
  may be acquired under this Act as if its preservation were a "public
  
  purpose" within the meaning of the Act, see s.10 of the Ancient Monuments
  
  Preservation Act, 1904 (7 of 1904).}