law: Indian Trusts Act, 1882 
  88. Advantage gained by fiduciary 
  Where a trustee, executor, partner, agent, director of a
  
  company, legal advisor, or other person bound in a fiduciary character to
  
  protect the interests of another person, by availing himself of his character,
  
  gains for himself any pecuniary advantage, or where any person, so bound enters
  
  into any dealings under circumstances in which his own interests are, or may
  
  be, adverse to those of such other person and thereby gains for himself a
  
  pecuniary advantage, he must hold for the benefit of such other person the
  
  advantage so gained.
  Illustrations 
  (a) A, an executor, buys at an undervalue from B, a legatee, his
  
  claim under the will, B is ignorant of the value of the bequest. A must hold
  
  for the benefit of B the difference between the price and value.
  (b) A, a trustee, uses the trust-property for the purpose of his
  
  own business. A holds for the benefit of his beneficiary the profits arising
  
  from such user.
  (c) A, a trustee, retires from his trust in consideration of his
  
  successor paying him a sum of money. A holds such money for the benefit of his
  
  beneficiary.
  (d) A, a partner, buys land in his own name with funds belonging
  
  to the partnership. A holds such land for the benefit of the partnership.
  (e) A, a partner, employed on behalf of himself and his
  
  co-partners is negotiating the terms of a lease, clandestinely stipulates with
  
  the lessor for payment to himself of a lakh of rupees. A holds the lakh for the
  
  benefit of the partnership.
  (f) A and B are partners. A dies. B, instead of winding up the
  
  affairs of the partnership, retain all the assets in the business. B must
  
  account to A's legal representative for the profits arising from A's share of
  
  the capital.
  (g) A, an agent employed to obtain a lease for B, obtains the lease
  
  for himself. A holds the lease for the benefit of B.
  (h) A, a guardian, buys up for himself incumbrances on his ward
  
  B's estate at an undervalue. A holds for the benefit of B the incumbrances so
  
  bought, and can only charge him with what he has actually paid.