law: Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
  21. Power to Take Samples of Effluents and Procedure to be Followed in Connection Therewith.
  
  (1) A State Board or any officer empowered by
  
  it in this behalf shall have power to take for the purpose of analysis samples
  
  of water from any stream or well or samples of any sewage or trade effluent
  
  which is passing from any plant or vessel or from or over any place into any
  
  such stream or well.
  (2) The result of any analysis of a sample of
  
  any sewage or trade effluent taken under sub-section (1) shall not be admissible
  
  in evidence in any legal proceeding unless the provisions of sub-sections (3),
  
  (4) and (5) are complied with.
  (3) Subject to the provisions of sub-sections
  
  (4) and (5), when a sample (composite or otherwise as may be warranted by the
  
  process used) of any sewage or trade effluent is taken for analysis under
  
  sub-section (1), the person taking the sample shall -
  (a) serve on the
  
  person in charge of, or having control over, the plant or vessel or in
  
  occupation of the place (which person is hereinafter referred to as the
  
  occupier) or any agent of such occupier, a notice, then and there in such form
  
  as may be prescribed of his intention to have it so analyzed;
  
  
  (b) in the presence of the occupier or his agent, divide the sample into two
  
  parts;
  (c) cause each part to be placed in a container which shall be marked and
  
  sealed and shall also be signed both by the person taking the sample and the
  
  occupier or his agent;
  (d) send one container
  
  forthwith, -
  (i) in a case where
  
  such sample is taken from any area situated in a Union territory, to the
  
  laboratory established or recognized by the Central Board under section 16; and
  (ii) in any other
  
  case, to the laboratory established or recognized by the State Board under
  
  section 17;
  (e) on the request of
  
  the occupier or his agent; send the second container, -
  (i) in a case where such sample is taken from any area situated in a Union
  
  territory, to the laboratory established or specified under sub-section (1) of
  
  section 51; and
  (ii) in any other
  
  case, to the laboratory established or specified under sub-section (1) of
  
  section 52.
  (4) When a sample of any sewage or trade
  
  effluent is taken for analysis under sub-section (1) and the person taking the
  
  sample serves on the occupier or his agent, a notice under clause (a) of
  
  sub-section (3) and the occupier or his agent willfully absents himself. then,
  
  -
  (a) the sample so
  
  taken shall be placed in a container which shall be marked and sealed and shall
  
  also be signed by the person taking the sample and the same shall be sent
  
  forthwith by such person for analysis to the laboratory referred to in
  
  sub-clause (i) or sub-clause (ii), as he case may be, of clause (e) of
  
  sub-section (3) and such person shall inform the Government analyst appointed
  
  under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), as the case may be, of section 53, in
  
  writing about the willful absence of the occupier or his agent;
  
  
  (b) the cost incurred in getting such sample analyzed shall be payable by the
  
  occupier or his agent and in case of default of such payment, the same shall be
  
  recoverable from the occupier or his agent, as the case may be, as an arrear of
  
  land revenue or of public demand :
  Provided that no such recovery
  
  shall be made unless the occupier or, as the case may be, his agent has been
  
  given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.
  (5) When a sample of any sewage or trade
  
  effluent is taken for analysis under sub-section (1) and the person taking the
  
  sample serves on the occupier or his agent a notice under clause (a) of
  
  sub-section (3) and the occupier or his agent who is present at the time of
  
  taking the sample does not make a request for dividing the sample into two
  
  parts as provided in clause (b) of sub-section (3), then, the sample so taken
  
  shall be placed in a container which shall be marked and sealed and shall also
  
  be signed by the person taking the sample and the same shall be sent forthwith
  
  by such person for analysis to the laboratory referred to in sub-clause (i), or
  
  sub-clause (ii), as the case may be, of clause (d) of sub-section (3).