law: The Carriage by Road Act, 2007
  12. Conditions
  
  limiting exonerating the liability of the common carrier. -
  1.  
  
    Every
  
  common carrier shall be liable to the consignor for the loss or damage to any
  
  consignment in accordance with the goods forwarding note, where such loss or
  
  damage has arisen on account of any criminal act of the common carrier, or any
  
  of his servants or agents.
  2.  
  
    In
  
  any suit brought against the common carrier for the loss, damage or
  
  non-delivery of consignment, it shall not be necessary for the plaintiff to
  
  prove that such loss, damage or non-delivery was owing to the negligence or
  
  criminal act of the common carrier, or any of his servants or agents.
  3.  
  
    Where
  
  any consignment has been detained for examination or scrutiny by a competent
  
  authority and upon such examination or scrutiny it is found that certain
  
  prohibited goods or goods on which due tax was not paid or insufficiently paid
  
  have been entrusted to the common carrier by the consignor which have not been
  
  described in the goods forwarding note, the cost of such examination or
  
  scrutiny shall be borne by the consignor and the common carrier shall not be
  
  liable for any loss, damage or deterioration caused by such detention of the
  
  consignment for examination or scrutiny: Provided that the onus of proving that
  
  such incorrect description of goods in the goods forwarding note was received
  
  from the consignor shall be on the common carrier. Explanation.- For the
  
  purposes of this section, "competent authority" means any person or
  
  authority who is empowered to examine or scrutinise goods by or under any law
  
  for the time being in force to secure compliance of provisions of that law.