law: Transfer of Property Act, 1882
  67. Right to foreclosure or sale
  In the absence of a contract to the contrary, the mortgagee has,
  
  at any time after the mortgage- money has become due to him, and before a
  
  decree has been made for the redemption of the mortgaged property, or the
  
  mortgage-money has been paid or deposited as hereinafter provided, a right to
  
  obtain from the court a decree that the mortgagor shall be absolutely debarred
  
  of his right to redeem the property, or a decree that the property be sold.
  A suit to obtain a decree that a mortgagor shall be absolutely
  
  debarred of his right to redeem the mortgaged property is called a suit for
  
  foreclosure.
  Nothing in this section shall be deemed-
  (a) to authorize any mortgagee other than a
  
  mortgagee by conditional sale or a mortgagee under an anomalous mortgage by the
  
  terms of which he is entitled to foreclose, to institute a suit for
  
  foreclosure, or a usufructuary mortgagee as such or a mortgagee by conditional
  
  sale as such to institute a suit for sale; or
  (b) to authorize a mortgagor who holds the
  
  mortgagee's rights as his trustee or legal representative, and who may sue for
  
  a sale of the property, to institute a suit for foreclosure; or
  (c) to authorize the mortgagee of a railway,
  
  canal, or other work in the maintenance of which the public are interested, to
  
  institute a suit for foreclosure or sale; or
  (d) to authorize a person interested in part
  
  only of the mortgage-money to institute a suit relating only to a corresponding
  
  part of the mortgaged property, unless the mortgagees have, with the consent of
  
  the mortgagor, severed their interests under the mortgage.