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6,000	implementation	BTN	Bhutan	1st NDC	P_Capacity	Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Bhutan-INDC-20150930.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/7f8b05de485b9612ceedc3d293238635a30f31a0b3d22cf1e14bd0399d94c4c4.pdf	en-US	Promotion of low carbon transport system by: â¢ Improving mass transit and demand side management of personal modes of transportâ¢ Exploring alternative modes of transport to road transport such as rail, water and gravity ropeways â¢ Improving efficiency in freight transport â¢ Promoting nonâmotorized transport and nonâfossil fuel powered transport such as electric and fuel cell vehicles â¢ Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building â¢ Promoting use of appropriate intelligent transport systems 3. Minimize GHG emission through application of zero waste concept and sustainable waste management practices: â¢ Enhancement of the three R principles including the conversion of waste to resources â¢ Improving the current system and infrastructure for waste management 4.	Promotion of low carbon transport system by: â¢ Improving mass transit and demand side management of personal modes of transportâ¢ Exploring alternative modes of transport to road transport such as rail, water and gravity ropeways â¢ Improving efficiency in freight transport â¢ Promoting nonâmotorized transport and nonâfossil fuel powered transport such as electric and fuel cell vehicles â¢ Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building â¢ Promoting use of appropriate intelligent transport systems 3. Minimize GHG emission through application of zero waste concept and sustainable waste management practices: â¢ Enhancement of the three R principles including the conversion of waste to resources â¢ Improving the current system and infrastructure for waste management 4.
6,001	implementation	BTN	Bhutan	1st NDC	P_National	Bhutan Transport 2040: Integrated Strategic Vision	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Bhutan-INDC-20150930.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/7f8b05de485b9612ceedc3d293238635a30f31a0b3d22cf1e14bd0399d94c4c4.pdf	en-US	However international support will be essential to ensure success in implementing the strategies, plans and actions for low GHG development. Strategies, plans and actions for low GHG emission development While the basis of our mitigation efforts rests on conserving our forests as carbon sinks, managing the growing emissions as a result of economic development will be through priority strategies, plans and actions for mitigation to support a low emission development pathway. These plans and priority actions, listed below, are based on the National Environment Protection Act, National Strategy and Action Plan for Low Carbon Development (2012), Economic Development Policy (2010 and draft 2015), Bhutan Transport 2040: Integrated Strategic Vision, National Forest Policy, and other sectoral plans and strategies.	However international support will be essential to ensure success in implementing the strategies, plans and actions for low GHG development. Strategies, plans and actions for low GHG emission development While the basis of our mitigation efforts rests on conserving our forests as carbon sinks, managing the growing emissions as a result of economic development will be through priority strategies, plans and actions for mitigation to support a low emission development pathway. These plans and priority actions, listed below, are based on the National Environment Protection Act, National Strategy and Action Plan for Low Carbon Development (2012), Economic Development Policy (2010 and draft 2015), Bhutan Transport 2040: Integrated Strategic Vision, National Forest Policy, and other sectoral plans and strategies.
6,002	implementation	BTN	Bhutan	1st NDC	P_National	Bhutan Transport 2040: Integrated Strategic Vision	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Bhutan-INDC-20150930.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/7f8b05de485b9612ceedc3d293238635a30f31a0b3d22cf1e14bd0399d94c4c4.pdf	en-US	These plans and priority actions, listed below, are based on the National Environment Protection Act, National Strategy and Action Plan for Low Carbon Development (2012), Economic Development Policy (2010 and draft 2015), Bhutan Transport 2040: Integrated Strategic Vision, National Forest Policy, and other sectoral plans and strategies. The gases covered include carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide as they were shown to be the priority gases in our second national communication. 1.	These plans and priority actions, listed below, are based on the National Environment Protection Act, National Strategy and Action Plan for Low Carbon Development (2012), Economic Development Policy (2010 and draft 2015), Bhutan Transport 2040: Integrated Strategic Vision, National Forest Policy, and other sectoral plans and strategies. The gases covered include carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide as they were shown to be the priority gases in our second national communication. 1.
6,003	targets	BIH	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	2% below 2030 BAU scenario	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/661db27da4cb7bf2e83dda370a2fc673b7636258146501d42fe2544bead83960.pdf	en-US	According to the developed scenarios - their peak occurs in 2030; according to the baseline scenario (BAU) in 2030 expected emissions are 20% higher than the level of emissions in 1990. Emission reduction that BiH unconditionally might achieved, compared to the BAU scenario, is 2% by 2030 which would mean 18% higher emissions compared to the base year 1990. Significant emission reduction is only possible to achieve with international support, which would result in emission reduction of 3% compared to 1990, while compared to the BAU scenario it represents a possible reduction of 23%.	According to the developed scenarios - their peak occurs in 2030; according to the baseline scenario (BAU) in 2030 expected emissions are 20% higher than the level of emissions in 1990. Emission reduction that BiH unconditionally might achieved, compared to the BAU scenario, is 2% by 2030 which would mean 18% higher emissions compared to the base year 1990. Significant emission reduction is only possible to achieve with international support, which would result in emission reduction of 3% compared to 1990, while compared to the BAU scenario it represents a possible reduction of 23%.
6,004	targets	BIH	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	2% below 2030 BAU scenario	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/661db27da4cb7bf2e83dda370a2fc673b7636258146501d42fe2544bead83960.pdf	en-US	BiH is still below 1990 levels and in case the "business-as-usual" practice continues, 1990 levels will be reached in 2020. On the other hand, provided condition and opportunities are created to access international support / development financial mechanisms, certain effects of emission reductions are likely to be seen in the given period, i. e. it will be possible for the country to slow down on its pathway to 1990 levels. Provided this condition is fulfilled, emissions by 2030 would be approximately 3% lower comparing to 1990 levels. Unlike the BAU scenario, under which emission levels will have increased by 20% by 2030 relative to 1990 levels, the mitigation conditional scenario under discussion will see a decrease of 3% of 1990 levels by 2030.	BiH is still below 1990 levels and in case the "business-as-usual" practice continues, 1990 levels will be reached in 2020. On the other hand, provided condition and opportunities are created to access international support / development financial mechanisms, certain effects of emission reductions are likely to be seen in the given period, i. e. it will be possible for the country to slow down on its pathway to 1990 levels. Provided this condition is fulfilled, emissions by 2030 would be approximately 3% lower comparing to 1990 levels. Unlike the BAU scenario, under which emission levels will have increased by 20% by 2030 relative to 1990 levels, the mitigation conditional scenario under discussion will see a decrease of 3% of 1990 levels by 2030.
6,005	targets	BIH	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	23% below 2030 BAU scenario	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/661db27da4cb7bf2e83dda370a2fc673b7636258146501d42fe2544bead83960.pdf	en-US	BiH is still below 1990 levels and in case the "business-as-usual" practice continues, 1990 levels will be reached in 2020. On the other hand, provided condition and opportunities are created to access international support / development financial mechanisms, certain effects of emission reductions are likely to be seen in the given period, i. e. it will be possible for the country to slow down on its pathway to 1990 levels. Provided this condition is fulfilled, emissions by 2030 would be approximately 3% lower comparing to 1990 levels. Unlike the BAU scenario, under which emission levels will have increased by 20% by 2030 relative to 1990 levels, the mitigation conditional scenario under discussion will see a decrease of 3% of 1990 levels by 2030.	BiH is still below 1990 levels and in case the "business-as-usual" practice continues, 1990 levels will be reached in 2020. On the other hand, provided condition and opportunities are created to access international support / development financial mechanisms, certain effects of emission reductions are likely to be seen in the given period, i. e. it will be possible for the country to slow down on its pathway to 1990 levels. Provided this condition is fulfilled, emissions by 2030 would be approximately 3% lower comparing to 1990 levels. Unlike the BAU scenario, under which emission levels will have increased by 20% by 2030 relative to 1990 levels, the mitigation conditional scenario under discussion will see a decrease of 3% of 1990 levels by 2030.
6,006	targets	BIH	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	23% below 2030 BAU scenario	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/661db27da4cb7bf2e83dda370a2fc673b7636258146501d42fe2544bead83960.pdf	en-US	to install photovoltaic modules of the total power generation capacity of 4 MW by 2030 to introduce renewable energy sources in the existing district heating systems and to construct new district heating systems fuelled by renewable energy sources to reconstruct and modernize district heating grids, boilers and district heating substations systemic energy rehabilitation of existing buildings (focus on public sector) The BAU and considered mitigation scenario are shown in the chart below. To conclude: provided that Bosnia-Herzegovina is granted access to international development / financial mechanisms and that the relevant institutions are willing to absorb and cost-effectively use international mechanisms for the above mitigation activities, it will be possible to reduce emissions by app 23% in 2030 relative to the baseline scenario, i.e.	to install photovoltaic modules of the total power generation capacity of 4 MW by 2030 to introduce renewable energy sources in the existing district heating systems and to construct new district heating systems fuelled by renewable energy sources to reconstruct and modernize district heating grids, boilers and district heating substations systemic energy rehabilitation of existing buildings (focus on public sector) The BAU and considered mitigation scenario are shown in the chart below. To conclude: provided that Bosnia-Herzegovina is granted access to international development / financial mechanisms and that the relevant institutions are willing to absorb and cost-effectively use international mechanisms for the above mitigation activities, it will be possible to reduce emissions by app 23% in 2030 relative to the baseline scenario, i.e.
6,007	targets	BWA	Botswana	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	15% below 2010 by 2030	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/BOTSWANA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/54e673c30592a538a0f0d3db8cfb2400d31b4bc7416a3c986625d80715ee28e5.pdf	en-US	BOTSWANA INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION BOTSWANA is pleased to communicate its intended nationally determined contribution, as per decisions 1/CP.19 and 1/CP.20. Botswana intends to achieve an overall emissions reduction of 15% by 2030, taking 2010 as the base year. Base year emission estimation is 8307 Gg of CO2 equivalent. The targeted emissions reduction will be achieved domestically through strategies and measures which are relevant for the implementation of the target. Consequently, achieving such targets is a function of resource availability and appropriate legal frameworks. Achieving the 15% greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions reduction target requires robust and comprehensive planning within the sectors. Consequently, it is essential that there are conducive legal frameworks in place to enable the achievement of the national target.	BOTSWANA INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION BOTSWANA is pleased to communicate its intended nationally determined contribution, as per decisions 1/CP.19 and 1/CP.20. Botswana intends to achieve an overall emissions reduction of 15% by 2030, taking 2010 as the base year. Base year emission estimation is 8307 Gg of CO2 equivalent. The targeted emissions reduction will be achieved domestically through strategies and measures which are relevant for the implementation of the target. Consequently, achieving such targets is a function of resource availability and appropriate legal frameworks. Achieving the 15% greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions reduction target requires robust and comprehensive planning within the sectors. Consequently, it is essential that there are conducive legal frameworks in place to enable the achievement of the national target.
6,008	targets	BWA	Botswana	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	15% below 2010 by 2030	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/BOTSWANA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/54e673c30592a538a0f0d3db8cfb2400d31b4bc7416a3c986625d80715ee28e5.pdf	en-US	This total package will ensure that the policy is implementable. Mitigation Contribution The country intends to achieve an overall emissions reduction of 15% by 2030, taking 2010 as the base year. The emission reduction target was estimated based on the baseline inventory for the three GHGs being carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The reductions will be realised from the energy sources which is categorised as the stationary and mobile sources. The country will also continuously implement mitigation measures for the livestock sector to reduce CH4 emissions mainly from enteric fermentation though these initiatives are not estimated in the 15%.	This total package will ensure that the policy is implementable. Mitigation Contribution The country intends to achieve an overall emissions reduction of 15% by 2030, taking 2010 as the base year. The emission reduction target was estimated based on the baseline inventory for the three GHGs being carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The reductions will be realised from the energy sources which is categorised as the stationary and mobile sources. The country will also continuously implement mitigation measures for the livestock sector to reduce CH4 emissions mainly from enteric fermentation though these initiatives are not estimated in the 15%.
6,009	targets	BRA	Brazil	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	43% below 2005 levels in 2030	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/BRAZIL%20iNDC%20english%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/be107139f85aeda8a9a3e8acd60a5138fa7fc8bc9de00108254f081ff291636d.pdf	en-US	Brazilâs iNDC has a broad scope including mitigation, adaptation and means of implementation, consistent with the contributionsâ purpose to achieve the ultimate objective of the Convention, pursuant to decision 1/CP.20, paragraph 9 (Lima Call for Climate Action). MITIGATION: Contribution: Brazil intends to commit to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 37% below 2005 levels in 2025.Subsequent indicative contribution: reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 43% below 2005 levels in 2030. Type: absolute target in relation to a base year. Coverage: 100% of the territory, economy-wide, including CO2, CH4, N2O, perfluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons and SF6. Reference point: 2005. Timeframe: single-year target for 2025; indicative values for 2030 for reference purposes only. Metric: 100 year Global Warming Potential (GWP-100), using IPCC AR5 values.	Brazilâs iNDC has a broad scope including mitigation, adaptation and means of implementation, consistent with the contributionsâ purpose to achieve the ultimate objective of the Convention, pursuant to decision 1/CP.20, paragraph 9 (Lima Call for Climate Action). MITIGATION: Contribution: Brazil intends to commit to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 37% below 2005 levels in 2025.Subsequent indicative contribution: reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 43% below 2005 levels in 2030. Type: absolute target in relation to a base year. Coverage: 100% of the territory, economy-wide, including CO2, CH4, N2O, perfluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons and SF6. Reference point: 2005. Timeframe: single-year target for 2025; indicative values for 2030 for reference purposes only. Metric: 100 year Global Warming Potential (GWP-100), using IPCC AR5 values.
6,010	mitigation	BRA	Brazil	1st NDC	S_PublicTransport	promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transport in urban areas.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/BRAZIL%20iNDC%20english%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/be107139f85aeda8a9a3e8acd60a5138fa7fc8bc9de00108254f081ff291636d.pdf	en-US	In addition, Brazil also intends to: iv) in the agriculture sector, strengthen the Low Carbon Emission Agriculture Program (ABC) as the main strategy for sustainable agriculture development, including by restoring an additional 15 million hectares of 10 Sources: EPE. BalanÃ§o EnergÃ©tico Nacional. Available at accessed on 2 September 2015. OECD (2015), Renewable energy (indicator). doi: 10.1787/aac7c3f1-en. Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas.	In addition, Brazil also intends to: iv) in the agriculture sector, strengthen the Low Carbon Emission Agriculture Program (ABC) as the main strategy for sustainable agriculture development, including by restoring an additional 15 million hectares of 10 Sources: EPE. BalanÃ§o EnergÃ©tico Nacional. Available at accessed on 2 September 2015. OECD (2015), Renewable energy (indicator). doi: 10.1787/aac7c3f1-en. Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas.
6,011	mitigation	BRA	Brazil	1st NDC	S_PublicTransport	promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transport in urban areas.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/BRAZIL%20iNDC%20english%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/be107139f85aeda8a9a3e8acd60a5138fa7fc8bc9de00108254f081ff291636d.pdf	en-US	Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas. Brazil recognizes the importance of the engagement of local governments and of their efforts in combating climate change. GLOBAL TEMPERATURE POTENTIAL (GTP) METRIC Brazil notes that, according to the IPCC, "the most appropriate metric and time horizon will depend on which aspects of climate change are considered most important to a particular application.	Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas. Brazil recognizes the importance of the engagement of local governments and of their efforts in combating climate change. GLOBAL TEMPERATURE POTENTIAL (GTP) METRIC Brazil notes that, according to the IPCC, "the most appropriate metric and time horizon will depend on which aspects of climate change are considered most important to a particular application.
6,012	mitigation	BRA	Brazil	1st NDC	S_Infraimprove	promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transport in urban areas.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/BRAZIL%20iNDC%20english%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/be107139f85aeda8a9a3e8acd60a5138fa7fc8bc9de00108254f081ff291636d.pdf	en-US	In addition, Brazil also intends to: iv) in the agriculture sector, strengthen the Low Carbon Emission Agriculture Program (ABC) as the main strategy for sustainable agriculture development, including by restoring an additional 15 million hectares of 10 Sources: EPE. BalanÃ§o EnergÃ©tico Nacional. Available at accessed on 2 September 2015. OECD (2015), Renewable energy (indicator). doi: 10.1787/aac7c3f1-en. Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas.	In addition, Brazil also intends to: iv) in the agriculture sector, strengthen the Low Carbon Emission Agriculture Program (ABC) as the main strategy for sustainable agriculture development, including by restoring an additional 15 million hectares of 10 Sources: EPE. BalanÃ§o EnergÃ©tico Nacional. Available at accessed on 2 September 2015. OECD (2015), Renewable energy (indicator). doi: 10.1787/aac7c3f1-en. Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas.
6,013	mitigation	BRA	Brazil	1st NDC	S_Infraimprove	promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transport in urban areas.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/BRAZIL%20iNDC%20english%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/be107139f85aeda8a9a3e8acd60a5138fa7fc8bc9de00108254f081ff291636d.pdf	en-US	Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas. Brazil recognizes the importance of the engagement of local governments and of their efforts in combating climate change. GLOBAL TEMPERATURE POTENTIAL (GTP) METRIC Brazil notes that, according to the IPCC, "the most appropriate metric and time horizon will depend on which aspects of climate change are considered most important to a particular application.	Available at energy.htm, accessed on 2 September 2015.degraded pasturelands by 2030 and enhancing 5 million hectares of integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030; v) in the industry sector, promote new standards of clean technology and further enhance energy efficiency measures and low carbon infrastructure; vi) in the transportation sector, further promote efficiency measures, and improve infrastructure for transport and public transportation in urban areas. Brazil recognizes the importance of the engagement of local governments and of their efforts in combating climate change. GLOBAL TEMPERATURE POTENTIAL (GTP) METRIC Brazil notes that, according to the IPCC, "the most appropriate metric and time horizon will depend on which aspects of climate change are considered most important to a particular application.
6,014	targets	BDI	Burundi	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	3% below 2030 BAU scenario	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CPDN%20BURUNDI.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/fd5eb17564074c3025a9b4b19f6268ccd95475c6e49ddb43e109768ff791cde5.pdf	fr-FR	Taux de rÃ©duction escomptÃ© Type de contribution Contribution inconditionnelle ï¾ RÃ©duction de 3% des Ã©missions de gaz Ã effet de serre par rapport au scÃ©nario de rÃ©fÃ©rence (BaU) Ã lâhorizon 2030. Contribution conditionnelle ï¾ RÃ©duction de20% des Ã©missions de gaz Ã effet de serre, Ã partir de 2016, par rapport au scÃ©nario de rÃ©fÃ©rence Ã lâhorizon 2030. AnnÃ©e de rÃ©fÃ©rence ï¾ 2005 AnnÃ©e cible ï¾ 2030 RÃ©duction cumulÃ©e des Ã©missions dâici pour lâobjectif conditionnel 3.1. ScÃ©nario de rÃ©fÃ©rence et objectifs de rÃ©duction des Ã©missions Le tableau ci-dessous prÃ©sente les Ã©missions de lâannÃ©e de rÃ©fÃ©rence et le scÃ©nario de rÃ©fÃ©rence (BaU), les Ã©missions pour lâobjectif inconditionnel ainsi que les Ã©missions pour lâobjectif conditionnel dont la mise en Åuvre dÃ©pendrade lâappui financier de la communautÃ© internationale.	Expected Reduction Rate Type of Contribution Unconditional Contribution â€" 3% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from the baseline scenario (BAU) by 2030. Conditional Contribution â€" 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from 2016 onwards from the baseline scenario by 2030. Reference Year â€" 2005 Target Year â€" 2030 Cumulative emission reductions by now for the conditional objective 3.1. Baseline Scenario and Emission Reduction Targets The following table presents the emissions for the reference year and the baseline scenario (BAU), the emissions for the unconditional objective and the emissions for the conditional objective whose implementation will receive financial support from the international community.
6,015	targets	CAN	Canada	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	30% below 2005 levels by 2030	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20-%20Canada%20-%20English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c9417d12d65485b88e487c010138592c92473a9968dfc1e333726f759eed757f.pdf	en-US	With this contribution Canada is affirming our continued commitment to developing an internationalclimate change agreement that is fair, effective and includes meaningful and transparent commitments from all major emitters. Intended Nationally Determined Contribution Canada intends to achieve an economy-wide target to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 30% below 2005 levels by 2030. Clarifying Information Base year 2005 End year 2030 Type Absolute reduction from base-year emissions Coverage Economy wide â 100% of Canadian GHG inventory Gases covered o carbon dioxide (CO2 ) o methane (CH4 ) o nitrous oxide (N2 O) o sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) o perfluorocarbons (PFCs) o hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) o nitrogen trifluoride (NF3 ) Sectors All IPCC sectors Implementation The Government of Canada has in place legislative instruments to address climate change. The federal governmentâs primary statute is the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which includes authorities to regulate GHG emissions.	With this contribution Canada is affirming our continued commitment to developing an internationalclimate change agreement that is fair, effective and includes meaningful and transparent commitments from all major emitters. Intended Nationally Determined Contribution Canada intends to achieve an economy-wide target to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 30% below 2005 levels by 2030. Clarifying Information Base year 2005 End year 2030 Type Absolute reduction from base-year emissions Coverage Economy wide â 100% of Canadian GHG inventory Gases covered o carbon dioxide (CO2 ) o methane (CH4 ) o nitrous oxide (N2 O) o sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) o perfluorocarbons (PFCs) o hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) o nitrogen trifluoride (NF3 ) Sectors All IPCC sectors Implementation The Government of Canada has in place legislative instruments to address climate change. The federal governmentâs primary statute is the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which includes authorities to regulate GHG emissions.
6,016	mitigation	CAN	Canada	1st NDC	I_Vehicleeff	Transportation sector regulations establish progressively more stringent GHG emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles (model years 2014-2018) The federal government is currently developing additional regulatory measures that will establish more stringent standards in the transportation sector for heavy-duty vehicles of post-2018 model years; ...and for passenger automobiles and light trucks (2011-2025)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20-%20Canada%20-%20English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c9417d12d65485b88e487c010138592c92473a9968dfc1e333726f759eed757f.pdf	en-US	The federal governmentâs primary statute is the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which includes authorities to regulate GHG emissions. Emissions reductions can also be achieved through policy actions. Since 2006, the federal government has taken the following regulatory action under its responsible sector-by-sector regulatory approach: â¢ transportation sector regulations establish progressively more stringent GHG emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles (model years 2014-2018) and for passenger automobiles and light trucks â¢ electricity sector regulations make Canada the first major coal user to ban the construction of traditional coal-fired electricity generating units. These regulations will also lead to the phase-out of existing coal-fired electricity units without carbon capture and storage; â¢ renewable fuels regulations require that gasoline contain an average 5% renewable fuel content and that most diesel fuel contain an average 2% content.	The federal governmentâs primary statute is the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which includes authorities to regulate GHG emissions. Emissions reductions can also be achieved through policy actions. Since 2006, the federal government has taken the following regulatory action under its responsible sector-by-sector regulatory approach: â¢ transportation sector regulations establish progressively more stringent GHG emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles (model years 2014-2018) and for passenger automobiles and light trucks â¢ electricity sector regulations make Canada the first major coal user to ban the construction of traditional coal-fired electricity generating units. These regulations will also lead to the phase-out of existing coal-fired electricity units without carbon capture and storage; â¢ renewable fuels regulations require that gasoline contain an average 5% renewable fuel content and that most diesel fuel contain an average 2% content.
6,017	mitigation	CAN	Canada	1st NDC	I_Vehicleeff	Transportation sector regulations establish progressively more stringent GHG emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles (model years 2014-2018) The federal government is currently developing additional regulatory measures that will establish more stringent standards in the transportation sector for heavy-duty vehicles of post-2018 model years; ...and for passenger automobiles and light trucks (2011-2025)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20-%20Canada%20-%20English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c9417d12d65485b88e487c010138592c92473a9968dfc1e333726f759eed757f.pdf	en-US	The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors. The federal government is currently developing additional regulatory measures that will: â¢ establish more stringent standards in the transportation sector for heavy-duty vehicles of post-2018 model years; â¢ gradually phase down HFCs, which will limit potent GHG emissions that are expected to increase substantially in the next 10 to 15 years; â¢ reduce GHG emissions from natural gas-fired electricity, as well as from chemicals and nitrogen fertilizers; â¢ reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector. Canadaâs regulatory approach is aligned with that of the United States, where appropriate, recognizing the importance of cooperative action in an integrated North American marketplace.	The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors. The federal government is currently developing additional regulatory measures that will: â¢ establish more stringent standards in the transportation sector for heavy-duty vehicles of post-2018 model years; â¢ gradually phase down HFCs, which will limit potent GHG emissions that are expected to increase substantially in the next 10 to 15 years; â¢ reduce GHG emissions from natural gas-fired electricity, as well as from chemicals and nitrogen fertilizers; â¢ reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector. Canadaâs regulatory approach is aligned with that of the United States, where appropriate, recognizing the importance of cooperative action in an integrated North American marketplace.
6,018	mitigation	CAN	Canada	1st NDC	S_Infraimprove	The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20-%20Canada%20-%20English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c9417d12d65485b88e487c010138592c92473a9968dfc1e333726f759eed757f.pdf	en-US	These regulations will also lead to the phase-out of existing coal-fired electricity units without carbon capture and storage; â¢ renewable fuels regulations require that gasoline contain an average 5% renewable fuel content and that most diesel fuel contain an average 2% content. The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors.	These regulations will also lead to the phase-out of existing coal-fired electricity units without carbon capture and storage; â¢ renewable fuels regulations require that gasoline contain an average 5% renewable fuel content and that most diesel fuel contain an average 2% content. The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors.
6,019	mitigation	CAN	Canada	1st NDC	S_Infraimprove	The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20-%20Canada%20-%20English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c9417d12d65485b88e487c010138592c92473a9968dfc1e333726f759eed757f.pdf	en-US	The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors. The federal government is currently developing additional regulatory measures that will: â¢ establish more stringent standards in the transportation sector for heavy-duty vehicles of post-2018 model years; â¢ gradually phase down HFCs, which will limit potent GHG emissions that are expected to increase substantially in the next 10 to 15 years; â¢ reduce GHG emissions from natural gas-fired electricity, as well as from chemicals and nitrogen fertilizers; â¢ reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector. Canadaâs regulatory approach is aligned with that of the United States, where appropriate, recognizing the importance of cooperative action in an integrated North American marketplace.	The federal government is also taking action to address transportation emissions from the rail, marine, and aviation subsectors. The federal government is currently developing additional regulatory measures that will: â¢ establish more stringent standards in the transportation sector for heavy-duty vehicles of post-2018 model years; â¢ gradually phase down HFCs, which will limit potent GHG emissions that are expected to increase substantially in the next 10 to 15 years; â¢ reduce GHG emissions from natural gas-fired electricity, as well as from chemicals and nitrogen fertilizers; â¢ reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector. Canadaâs regulatory approach is aligned with that of the United States, where appropriate, recognizing the importance of cooperative action in an integrated North American marketplace.
6,020	implementation	CAN	Canada	1st NDC	P_National	Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. Since 2006, the federal government has taken [â¦] transportation sector regulations	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20-%20Canada%20-%20English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c9417d12d65485b88e487c010138592c92473a9968dfc1e333726f759eed757f.pdf	en-US	The federal governmentâs primary statute is the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which includes authorities to regulate GHG emissions. Emissions reductions can also be achieved through policy actions. Since 2006, the federal government has taken the following regulatory action under its responsible sector-by-sector regulatory approach: â¢ transportation sector regulations establish progressively more stringent GHG emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles (model years 2014-2018) and for passenger automobiles and light trucks â¢ electricity sector regulations make Canada the first major coal user to ban the construction of traditional coal-fired electricity generating units. These regulations will also lead to the phase-out of existing coal-fired electricity units without carbon capture and storage; â¢ renewable fuels regulations require that gasoline contain an average 5% renewable fuel content and that most diesel fuel contain an average 2% content.	The federal governmentâs primary statute is the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which includes authorities to regulate GHG emissions. Emissions reductions can also be achieved through policy actions. Since 2006, the federal government has taken the following regulatory action under its responsible sector-by-sector regulatory approach: â¢ transportation sector regulations establish progressively more stringent GHG emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles (model years 2014-2018) and for passenger automobiles and light trucks â¢ electricity sector regulations make Canada the first major coal user to ban the construction of traditional coal-fired electricity generating units. These regulations will also lead to the phase-out of existing coal-fired electricity units without carbon capture and storage; â¢ renewable fuels regulations require that gasoline contain an average 5% renewable fuel content and that most diesel fuel contain an average 2% content.
6,021	targets	CAF	Central African Republic	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the 2030 BAU reference level	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC_R%C3%A9publique%20Centrafricaine_EN.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/ec46b3166ebb6e13460dd9bd5cec1d774c9530da63821604c16795426847a046.pdf	en-US	Methodology Review of the literature Consultation of the stakeholders IGES tool: Tier 1 Method (manual inventory of GHG 1996, revised version and 2006) Reference year: 2010 Reference data: Second National Communication of 2013 Assumptions: Economic rate of growth: 5-10%; demographic rate of Areas of application and coverage of the contributions Geographic scope: The national territory Included sectors: Land use, land use change and forestry and industrial processes and use of solvents (2010 data). Included GHG: Carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide O), representing more than 75% of the national anthropogenic emissions. Emissions for the reference year Type of contribution Contributions focussed on sustainable, low-carbon development using an approach combining conditional and unconditional activities: âAction-Resultsâ. Level of contribution Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the BaU reference level (i.e.	Methodology Review of the literature Consultation of the stakeholders IGES tool: Tier 1 Method (manual inventory of GHG 1996, revised version and 2006) Reference year: 2010 Reference data: Second National Communication of 2013 Assumptions: Economic rate of growth: 5-10%; demographic rate of Areas of application and coverage of the contributions Geographic scope: The national territory Included sectors: Land use, land use change and forestry and industrial processes and use of solvents (2010 data). Included GHG: Carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide O), representing more than 75% of the national anthropogenic emissions. Emissions for the reference year Type of contribution Contributions focussed on sustainable, low-carbon development using an approach combining conditional and unconditional activities: âAction-Resultsâ. Level of contribution Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the BaU reference level (i.e.
6,022	targets	CAF	Central African Republic	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the 2030 BAU reference level	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC_R%C3%A9publique%20Centrafricaine_EN.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/ec46b3166ebb6e13460dd9bd5cec1d774c9530da63821604c16795426847a046.pdf	en-US	Level of contribution Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the BaU reference level (i.e. of avoided emissions) at the 2030 horizon and 25% ) at the 2050 horizon, within the framework of conditional implementation Adaptation Objectives: Agriculture1 and food security, health, basic infrastructure and sustainable management of natural resources, with the aim of maintaining an annual rate of growth of agricultural activities of 6% and stabilisation of the rate of food insecurity at 15%. Vulnerability profile: Extreme hazards (torrential rains, floods and drought), most vulnerable areas (south, north and northeast) and most vulnerable populations (women, children, indigenous peoples and the aged, i.e. around 75%). Sectors of priority activities: Agriculture and food security, forestry, energy, public health, water resources and land-use planning.	Level of contribution Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the BaU reference level (i.e. of avoided emissions) at the 2030 horizon and 25% ) at the 2050 horizon, within the framework of conditional implementation Adaptation Objectives: Agriculture1 and food security, health, basic infrastructure and sustainable management of natural resources, with the aim of maintaining an annual rate of growth of agricultural activities of 6% and stabilisation of the rate of food insecurity at 15%. Vulnerability profile: Extreme hazards (torrential rains, floods and drought), most vulnerable areas (south, north and northeast) and most vulnerable populations (women, children, indigenous peoples and the aged, i.e. around 75%). Sectors of priority activities: Agriculture and food security, forestry, energy, public health, water resources and land-use planning.
6,023	targets	CAF	Central African Republic	1st NDC	T_Longterm	25% below the 2050 BAU level, within the framework of conditional implementation	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC_R%C3%A9publique%20Centrafricaine_EN.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/ec46b3166ebb6e13460dd9bd5cec1d774c9530da63821604c16795426847a046.pdf	en-US	Level of contribution Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the BaU reference level (i.e. of avoided emissions) at the 2030 horizon and 25% ) at the 2050 horizon, within the framework of conditional implementation Adaptation Objectives: Agriculture1 and food security, health, basic infrastructure and sustainable management of natural resources, with the aim of maintaining an annual rate of growth of agricultural activities of 6% and stabilisation of the rate of food insecurity at 15%. Vulnerability profile: Extreme hazards (torrential rains, floods and drought), most vulnerable areas (south, north and northeast) and most vulnerable populations (women, children, indigenous peoples and the aged, i.e. around 75%). Sectors of priority activities: Agriculture and food security, forestry, energy, public health, water resources and land-use planning.	Level of contribution Reduce emissions by 5% compared to the BaU reference level (i.e. of avoided emissions) at the 2030 horizon and 25% ) at the 2050 horizon, within the framework of conditional implementation Adaptation Objectives: Agriculture1 and food security, health, basic infrastructure and sustainable management of natural resources, with the aim of maintaining an annual rate of growth of agricultural activities of 6% and stabilisation of the rate of food insecurity at 15%. Vulnerability profile: Extreme hazards (torrential rains, floods and drought), most vulnerable areas (south, north and northeast) and most vulnerable populations (women, children, indigenous peoples and the aged, i.e. around 75%). Sectors of priority activities: Agriculture and food security, forestry, energy, public health, water resources and land-use planning.
6,024	targets	TCD	Chad	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	18.2% below 2030 BAU levels	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chad_Official%20version_English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/6b117506f5a642ded00b59950ab62db9b79c3af2680780d9659116ca254ccf8b.pdf	en-US	> Encourage genetic diversity of various animals > Support social agreements between the various groups of livestock rearers and farmers in areas of transhumance Support the use of water resources > Develop use of water resources whilst preserving these Resources, (stocking of water, development of rainfed fish production and implementation of restricted access) Improve population wellbeing > Improve agricultural production and livestock rearing activities (drainage, dry storage, cold chain) using renewable energy sources (hydroelectricity, solar, wind) Knowledge of spacio- temporal changes to the environment > Climate and meteorological forecast monitoring (SCPM) > Prevention and fight against bio-aggressors (PLCBA) > Information networks providing access to information on areas hit by disease, as well as those where water and grazing resources are significant > Develop and renovate the hydrometeorology network with a view to improving knowledge of spacio-temporal changes to the environment Support initiatives > Environmental protection projects to support adaptation 4 The costs are included in the table 7 summary.INDC Chad Section 4. Mitigation Table 3. Base information relating to mitigation contributions Discounted reduction rate Type of contribution Unconditional contribution > Reduction of 18.2% of GHG emissions in comparison with reference scenario (BaU) by 2030 Conditional contribution > Reduction of 71% of GHG emissions, between 2016 and 2030 in comparison with reference scenario Reference year > 2010 Target year > 2030 Cumulative reduction of emissions by 2030 > 41,700 GgCO2e for the unconditional objective and 162,000 GgCO2e for the conditional objective Reference scenario and emission reduction objectives The table below shows the emissions from the reference year and the reference scenario (BaU), emissions for the unconditional objective as well as emissions for the conditional objective, the implementation of which will be dependent on the financial support received from the international community.	(SCPM) > Prevention and fight against bio-aggressors (PLCBA) > Information networks providing access to information on areas hit by disease, as well as those where water and grazing resources are significant > Develop and renovate the hydrometeorology network with a view to improving knowledge of spacio-temporal changes to the environment Support initiatives > Environmental protection projects to support adaptation 4 The costs are included in the table 7 summary.INDC Chad Section 4. Mitigation Table 3. Base information relating to mitigation contributions Discounted reduction rate Type of contribution Unconditional contribution > Reduction of 18.2% of GHG emissions in comparison with reference scenario (BaU) by 2030 Conditional contribution > Reduction of 71% of GHG emissions, between 2016 and 2030 in comparison with reference scenario Reference year > 2010 Target year > 2030 Cumulative reduction of emissions by 2030 > 41,700 GgCO2e for the unconditional objective and 162,000 GgCO2e for the conditional objective Reference scenario and emission reduction objectives The table below shows the emissions from the reference year and the reference scenario (BaU), emissions for the unconditional objective as well as emissions for the conditional objective, the implementation of which will be dependent on the financial support received from the international community.
6,025	targets	TCD	Chad	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	18.2% below 2030 BAU levels	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chad_Official%20version_English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/6b117506f5a642ded00b59950ab62db9b79c3af2680780d9659116ca254ccf8b.pdf	en-US	Base information relating to mitigation contributions Discounted reduction rate Type of contribution Unconditional contribution > Reduction of 18.2% of GHG emissions in comparison with reference scenario (BaU) by 2030 Conditional contribution > Reduction of 71% of GHG emissions, between 2016 and 2030 in comparison with reference scenario Reference year > 2010 Target year > 2030 Cumulative reduction of emissions by 2030 > 41,700 GgCO2e for the unconditional objective and 162,000 GgCO2e for the conditional objective Reference scenario and emission reduction objectives The table below shows the emissions from the reference year and the reference scenario (BaU), emissions for the unconditional objective as well as emissions for the conditional objective, the implementation of which will be dependent on the financial support received from the international community. Table 4.Emissions for the reference scenario and mitigation objectives Sector Emissions (Gg CO2e) 2010 Survey Reference Unconditional Conditional Agriculture and Livestock Land use and forestryINDC Chad Mitigation objectives by 2030 Figure 1 Emissions of the reference scenario and mitigation objectives Table 5.	Base information relating to mitigation contributions Discounted reduction rate Type of contribution Unconditional contribution > Reduction of 18.2% of GHG emissions in comparison with reference scenario (BaU) by 2030 Conditional contribution > Reduction of 71% of GHG emissions, between 2016 and 2030 in comparison with reference scenario Reference year > 2010 Target year > 2030 Cumulative reduction of emissions by 2030 > 41,700 GgCO2e for the unconditional objective and 162,000 GgCO2e for the conditional objective Reference scenario and emission reduction objectives The table below shows the emissions from the reference year and the reference scenario (BaU), emissions for the unconditional objective as well as emissions for the conditional objective, the implementation of which will be dependent on the financial support received from the international community. Table 4.Emissions for the reference scenario and mitigation objectives Sector Emissions (Gg CO2e) 2010 Survey Reference Unconditional Conditional Agriculture and Livestock Land use and forestryINDC Chad Mitigation objectives by 2030 Figure 1 Emissions of the reference scenario and mitigation objectives Table 5.
6,026	targets	TCD	Chad	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	71% level 2030 BAU	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chad_Official%20version_English.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/6b117506f5a642ded00b59950ab62db9b79c3af2680780d9659116ca254ccf8b.pdf	en-US	to a level equivalent to double the current total national production for all sectors included and introducing/reinforcing sustainable practices in the waste management, agriculture, livestock, land use and forestry sectors. The established contribution is also fair as GHG emissions per inhabitant in Chad are around 0.732 tCO2e, placing them amongst the lowest in the world. In line with the unconditional objective, emissions per inhabitant in 2030 will be 1.028 tCO2e, whereas they would be just 0.364 tCO2e if means are acquired to enable the country to reach the conditional objective of a 71% reduction. Chad intends to achieve this established contribution whilst pursuing its development objectives and using its available resources in a sustainable manner.INDC Chad Section 5.	to a level equivalent to double the current total national production for all sectors included and introducing/reinforcing sustainable practices in the waste management, agriculture, livestock, land use and forestry sectors. The established contribution is also fair as GHG emissions per inhabitant in Chad are around 0.732 tCO2e, placing them amongst the lowest in the world. In line with the unconditional objective, emissions per inhabitant in 2030 will be 1.028 tCO2e, whereas they would be just 0.364 tCO2e if means are acquired to enable the country to reach the conditional objective of a 71% reduction. Chad intends to achieve this established contribution whilst pursuing its development objectives and using its available resources in a sustainable manner.INDC Chad Section 5.
6,027	targets	CHL	Chile	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	CO2 emissions per unit of GDP reduced by 30% by 2030 over the 2007 level achieved	T_BYI	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chile%20english%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a453208e6c90bdb4cb5fe02ddd254a96a1cbc1602633f43b29cb1f5ce6e900c.pdf	en-US	- A target expressed in CO2eq tons from the LULUCF sector. Carbon intensity target, not including the LULUCF sector: Specific contributions to the LULUCF sector: a) Chile is committed to reduce its CO2 emissions per GDP unit by 30% below their 2007 levels by 2030, considering a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to reach this commitment7. b) In addition, and subject to the grant of international monetary funds8, the country is committed to reduce its CO2 emission per GDP unit by 2030 until it reaches a 35% to 45% reduction with respect to the 2007 levels, considering, in turn, a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to achieve this commit- ment.	- A target expressed in CO2eq tons from the LULUCF sector. Carbon intensity target, not including the LULUCF sector: Specific contributions to the LULUCF sector: a) Chile is committed to reduce its CO2 emissions per GDP unit by 30% below their 2007 levels by 2030, considering a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to reach this commitment7. b) In addition, and subject to the grant of international monetary funds8, the country is committed to reduce its CO2 emission per GDP unit by 2030 until it reaches a 35% to 45% reduction with respect to the 2007 levels, considering, in turn, a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to achieve this commit- ment.
6,028	targets	CHL	Chile	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	Reduction of CO2 emissions per unit of GDP between 35% to 45% over the level reached in 2007 by 2030	T_BYI	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chile%20english%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a453208e6c90bdb4cb5fe02ddd254a96a1cbc1602633f43b29cb1f5ce6e900c.pdf	en-US	- A target expressed in CO2eq tons from the LULUCF sector. Carbon intensity target, not including the LULUCF sector: Specific contributions to the LULUCF sector: a) Chile is committed to reduce its CO2 emissions per GDP unit by 30% below their 2007 levels by 2030, considering a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to reach this commitment7. b) In addition, and subject to the grant of international monetary funds8, the country is committed to reduce its CO2 emission per GDP unit by 2030 until it reaches a 35% to 45% reduction with respect to the 2007 levels, considering, in turn, a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to achieve this commit- ment.	- A target expressed in CO2eq tons from the LULUCF sector. Carbon intensity target, not including the LULUCF sector: Specific contributions to the LULUCF sector: a) Chile is committed to reduce its CO2 emissions per GDP unit by 30% below their 2007 levels by 2030, considering a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to reach this commitment7. b) In addition, and subject to the grant of international monetary funds8, the country is committed to reduce its CO2 emission per GDP unit by 2030 until it reaches a 35% to 45% reduction with respect to the 2007 levels, considering, in turn, a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to achieve this commit- ment.
6,029	targets	CHL	Chile	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	Reduction of CO2 emissions per unit of GDP between 35% to 45% over the level reached in 2007 by 2030	T_BYI	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chile%20english%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a453208e6c90bdb4cb5fe02ddd254a96a1cbc1602633f43b29cb1f5ce6e900c.pdf	en-US	b) In addition, and subject to the grant of international monetary funds8, the country is committed to reduce its CO2 emission per GDP unit by 2030 until it reaches a 35% to 45% reduction with respect to the 2007 levels, considering, in turn, a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to achieve this commit- ment. a) Chile has committed to the sustainable development and recovery of 100,000 hectares of forest land, mainly native, which will account for greenhouse gas sequestrations and reductions of an annual equivalent of around 600,000 of CO2 as of 2030. This commitment is subject to the approval of the Native Forest Recovery and Forestry Promotion Law.	b) In addition, and subject to the grant of international monetary funds8, the country is committed to reduce its CO2 emission per GDP unit by 2030 until it reaches a 35% to 45% reduction with respect to the 2007 levels, considering, in turn, a future economic growth which allows to implement adequate measures to achieve this commit- ment. a) Chile has committed to the sustainable development and recovery of 100,000 hectares of forest land, mainly native, which will account for greenhouse gas sequestrations and reductions of an annual equivalent of around 600,000 of CO2 as of 2030. This commitment is subject to the approval of the Native Forest Recovery and Forestry Promotion Law.
6,030	mitigation	CHL	Chile	1st NDC	I_Fuelqualimprove	Implementation of atmospheric decontamination plans for fine particulate matter (esp. black carbon)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chile%20english%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a453208e6c90bdb4cb5fe02ddd254a96a1cbc1602633f43b29cb1f5ce6e900c.pdf	en-US	Black carbon, which is considered a SLCP, accounts for a substantial part of the particulate (PM2.5) measured in Chilean cities. Main sour-INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION OF CHILE TOWARDS THE CLIMATE AGREEMENT OF PARIS 2015 Government of Chile ces of black carbon in Chile come from diesel transport, heating and residential wood fired cooking. The 2014-2018 Atmospheric Decon- tamination Strategy of the Chilean Government contemplates the implementation of atmospheric decontamination plans for fine par- ticulate matter.	Black carbon, which is considered a SLCP, accounts for a substantial part of the particulate (PM2.5) measured in Chilean cities. Main sour-INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION OF CHILE TOWARDS THE CLIMATE AGREEMENT OF PARIS 2015 Government of Chile ces of black carbon in Chile come from diesel transport, heating and residential wood fired cooking. The 2014-2018 Atmospheric Decon- tamination Strategy of the Chilean Government contemplates the implementation of atmospheric decontamination plans for fine par- ticulate matter.
6,031	mitigation	CHL	Chile	1st NDC	A_Vehicletax	Tax on the sale of lightweight vehicles	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chile%20english%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a453208e6c90bdb4cb5fe02ddd254a96a1cbc1602633f43b29cb1f5ce6e900c.pdf	en-US	- CO2 emission tax approved by the Tax Reform, Law 20.780 dated October 2014, which shall become effective on January 1, 2017. The reform establishes an annual tax benefit lien on carbon dioxide, among other gases, produced by facilities whose stationary sources, made up of boilers or turbines, have an aggregate thermal power equal or higher than 50 MWt (thermal megawatts). The tax shall be equivalent to 5 US Dollars for every ton of CO2. - Tax on the initial sale of lightweight vehicles pursuant to Law 20.780, which has been implemented since December 28, 2014 and which taxes CO2 emissions indirectly, by charging a higher tax inver- sely proportional to vehicle performance. 2.6.	- CO2 emission tax approved by the Tax Reform, Law 20.780 dated October 2014, which shall become effective on January 1, 2017. The reform establishes an annual tax benefit lien on carbon dioxide, among other gases, produced by facilities whose stationary sources, made up of boilers or turbines, have an aggregate thermal power equal or higher than 50 MWt (thermal megawatts). The tax shall be equivalent to 5 US Dollars for every ton of CO2. - Tax on the initial sale of lightweight vehicles pursuant to Law 20.780, which has been implemented since December 28, 2014 and which taxes CO2 emissions indirectly, by charging a higher tax inver- sely proportional to vehicle performance. 2.6.
6,032	mitigation	CHL	Chile	1st NDC	A_Vehicletax	Tax on the sale of lightweight vehicles	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chile%20english%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a453208e6c90bdb4cb5fe02ddd254a96a1cbc1602633f43b29cb1f5ce6e900c.pdf	en-US	- Tax on the initial sale of lightweight vehicles pursuant to Law 20.780, which has been implemented since December 28, 2014 and which taxes CO2 emissions indirectly, by charging a higher tax inver- sely proportional to vehicle performance. 2.6. Chileâs work on short-lived climate pollutants In the same way as other countries, Chile recognizes that the actions aimed at reducing short-lived climate pollutants (SLCP) entail a subs- tantial contribution to the mitigation of the causes of Climate Chan- ge. In addition, these actions have known concomitant benefits, in terms of reducing the levels of local atmospheric pollution in urban centers. Black carbon, which is considered a SLCP, accounts for a substantial part of the particulate (PM2.5) measured in Chilean cities.	- Tax on the initial sale of lightweight vehicles pursuant to Law 20.780, which has been implemented since December 28, 2014 and which taxes CO2 emissions indirectly, by charging a higher tax inver- sely proportional to vehicle performance. 2.6. Chileâs work on short-lived climate pollutants In the same way as other countries, Chile recognizes that the actions aimed at reducing short-lived climate pollutants (SLCP) entail a subs- tantial contribution to the mitigation of the causes of Climate Chan- ge. In addition, these actions have known concomitant benefits, in terms of reducing the levels of local atmospheric pollution in urban centers. Black carbon, which is considered a SLCP, accounts for a substantial part of the particulate (PM2.5) measured in Chilean cities.
6,033	benefits	CHL	Chile	1st NDC	B_Airpollution	In addition, these (mitigation) actions have known concomitant benefits, in terms of reducing the levels of local atmospheric pollution in urban centers.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Chile%20english%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a453208e6c90bdb4cb5fe02ddd254a96a1cbc1602633f43b29cb1f5ce6e900c.pdf	en-US	- Tax on the initial sale of lightweight vehicles pursuant to Law 20.780, which has been implemented since December 28, 2014 and which taxes CO2 emissions indirectly, by charging a higher tax inver- sely proportional to vehicle performance. 2.6. Chileâs work on short-lived climate pollutants In the same way as other countries, Chile recognizes that the actions aimed at reducing short-lived climate pollutants (SLCP) entail a subs- tantial contribution to the mitigation of the causes of Climate Chan- ge. In addition, these actions have known concomitant benefits, in terms of reducing the levels of local atmospheric pollution in urban centers. Black carbon, which is considered a SLCP, accounts for a substantial part of the particulate (PM2.5) measured in Chilean cities.	- Tax on the initial sale of lightweight vehicles pursuant to Law 20.780, which has been implemented since December 28, 2014 and which taxes CO2 emissions indirectly, by charging a higher tax inver- sely proportional to vehicle performance. 2.6. Chileâs work on short-lived climate pollutants In the same way as other countries, Chile recognizes that the actions aimed at reducing short-lived climate pollutants (SLCP) entail a subs- tantial contribution to the mitigation of the causes of Climate Chan- ge. In addition, these actions have known concomitant benefits, in terms of reducing the levels of local atmospheric pollution in urban centers. Black carbon, which is considered a SLCP, accounts for a substantial part of the particulate (PM2.5) measured in Chilean cities.
6,034	targets	COL	Colombia	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	20% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Colombia%20iNDC%20Unofficial%20translation%20Eng.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/759cfeb498ee89e963ca532f92ee6613fe1d601fd24189698d8b4992e618d564.pdf	en-US	Conditional Target Subject to the provision of international support, Colombia could increase its ambition from 20% reduction with respect to BAU to 30% with respect to BAU by 2030. Type of target Deviation with respect to a projected BAU scenario Timeframe â Based on the outcome of the climate negotiations in Paris in the COP 21, Colombia will consider communicating an indicative target for 2025, consistent with its 2030 target.	Conditional Target Subject to the provision of international support, Colombia could increase its ambition from 20% reduction with respect to BAU to 30% with respect to BAU by 2030. Type of target Deviation with respect to a projected BAU scenario Timeframe â Based on the outcome of the climate negotiations in Paris in the COP 21, Colombia will consider communicating an indicative target for 2025, consistent with its 2030 target.
6,035	targets	COL	Colombia	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	30% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Colombia%20iNDC%20Unofficial%20translation%20Eng.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/759cfeb498ee89e963ca532f92ee6613fe1d601fd24189698d8b4992e618d564.pdf	en-US	Conditional Target Subject to the provision of international support, Colombia could increase its ambition from 20% reduction with respect to BAU to 30% with respect to BAU by 2030. Type of target Deviation with respect to a projected BAU scenario Timeframe â Based on the outcome of the climate negotiations in Paris in the COP 21, Colombia will consider communicating an indicative target for 2025, consistent with its 2030 target.	Conditional Target Subject to the provision of international support, Colombia could increase its ambition from 20% reduction with respect to BAU to 30% with respect to BAU by 2030. Type of target Deviation with respect to a projected BAU scenario Timeframe â Based on the outcome of the climate negotiations in Paris in the COP 21, Colombia will consider communicating an indicative target for 2025, consistent with its 2030 target.
6,036	adaptation	COL	Colombia	1st NDC	R_Laws	National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change has transport as a priority sector	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Colombia%20iNDC%20Unofficial%20translation%20Eng.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/759cfeb498ee89e963ca532f92ee6613fe1d601fd24189698d8b4992e618d564.pdf	en-US	Finally, Colombia has been making progress in the identification of financing sources and the definition of a climate-Ââfinance strategy. However, it is recognized that financial resources are limited, which is why there is a need to increase the resources for financing adaptation and mitigation, as well as the development and transfer of technologies and the construction of institutional capacity at the different government levels. PLANNING PROCESS Since 2010, Colombia has been developing policy instruments for climate, such as the Policy Document CONPES 3700, the Colombian Low Carbon Development Strategy (CLCDS), the National Strategy for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (ENREDD +) and the National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change.	Finally, Colombia has been making progress in the identification of financing sources and the definition of a climate-Ââfinance strategy. However, it is recognized that financial resources are limited, which is why there is a need to increase the resources for financing adaptation and mitigation, as well as the development and transfer of technologies and the construction of institutional capacity at the different government levels. PLANNING PROCESS Since 2010, Colombia has been developing policy instruments for climate, such as the Policy Document CONPES 3700, the Colombian Low Carbon Development Strategy (CLCDS), the National Strategy for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (ENREDD +) and the National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change.
6,037	adaptation	COL	Colombia	1st NDC	R_Laws	National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change has transport as a priority sector	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Colombia%20iNDC%20Unofficial%20translation%20Eng.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/759cfeb498ee89e963ca532f92ee6613fe1d601fd24189698d8b4992e618d564.pdf	en-US	PLANNING PROCESS Since 2010, Colombia has been developing policy instruments for climate, such as the Policy Document CONPES 3700, the Colombian Low Carbon Development Strategy (CLCDS), the National Strategy for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (ENREDD +) and the National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change. Additionally, since 2014, Colombia is formulating its National Climate Change Policy that aims to establish, in an articulated manner, mitigation and adaptation actions in the country by increasing resilience and reducing the carbon intensity in the economy.	PLANNING PROCESS Since 2010, Colombia has been developing policy instruments for climate, such as the Policy Document CONPES 3700, the Colombian Low Carbon Development Strategy (CLCDS), the National Strategy for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (ENREDD +) and the National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change. Additionally, since 2014, Colombia is formulating its National Climate Change Policy that aims to establish, in an articulated manner, mitigation and adaptation actions in the country by increasing resilience and reducing the carbon intensity in the economy.
6,038	adaptation	COL	Colombia	1st NDC	R_Laws	National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change has transport as a priority sector	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Colombia%20iNDC%20Unofficial%20translation%20Eng.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/759cfeb498ee89e963ca532f92ee6613fe1d601fd24189698d8b4992e618d564.pdf	en-US	Therefore, the country, as it has been doing in recent years, intends to actively participate in an ambitious and equitable way in the global efforts under the UNFCCC, taking into account the recommendations of the IPCCÂ´s Fifth Assessment Report. Towards a Resilient Development According to the National Unit for Disasters Risk Management, from 1998 to 2012, 90% of emergencies in Colombia were related to hydro-Ââclimatological phenomenon. Therefore, it is a priority to articulate the mitigation processes and efforts to be performed, including through the identification of potential co-Ââ benefits and synergies with adaptation, in order to move towards resilient and sustainable climate scenarios. Mitigation actions reduce the risk of loss and damage as well as future adaptation costs; while adaptation measures have co-Ââbenefits in reducing emissions.	Therefore, the country, as it has been doing in recent years, intends to actively participate in an ambitious and equitable way in the global efforts under the UNFCCC, taking into account the recommendations of the IPCCÂ´s Fifth Assessment Report. Towards a Resilient Development According to the National Unit for Disasters Risk Management, from 1998 to 2012, 90% of emergencies in Colombia were related to hydro-Ââclimatological phenomenon. Therefore, it is a priority to articulate the mitigation processes and efforts to be performed, including through the identification of potential co-Ââ benefits and synergies with adaptation, in order to move towards resilient and sustainable climate scenarios. Mitigation actions reduce the risk of loss and damage as well as future adaptation costs; while adaptation measures have co-Ââbenefits in reducing emissions.
6,039	implementation	COL	Colombia	1st NDC	P_National	National Adaptation Plan to Climate Change (PNACC in Spanish) [â¦] These efforts have focused on the Caribbean and Andean regions, as well as on the transport [â¦] Sectorial Mitigation Action Plan (SMAP) for transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Colombia%20iNDC%20Unofficial%20translation%20Eng.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/759cfeb498ee89e963ca532f92ee6613fe1d601fd24189698d8b4992e618d564.pdf	en-US	The PNACC defines guidelines so that the countryÂ´s sectors and territories prioritize their actions aimed at reducing vulnerability, and include climate change and climate variability in their planning processes, through the formulation and implementation of territorial and sectorial adaptation plans. These efforts have focused on the Caribbean and Andean regions, as well as on the transport, housing, energy, agriculture and health sectors, as defined based on the information provided by the First and Second National Communications on Climate Change, and taking into account the damages and losses caused by La NiÃ±a phenomena in 2010-Ââ2011. To date, Colombian entities have formulated 11 territorial adaptation plans to climate change, which have prioritized adaptation actions.	The PNACC defines guidelines so that the countryÂ´s sectors and territories prioritize their actions aimed at reducing vulnerability, and include climate change and climate variability in their planning processes, through the formulation and implementation of territorial and sectorial adaptation plans. These efforts have focused on the Caribbean and Andean regions, as well as on the transport, housing, energy, agriculture and health sectors, as defined based on the information provided by the First and Second National Communications on Climate Change, and taking into account the damages and losses caused by La NiÃ±a phenomena in 2010-Ââ2011. To date, Colombian entities have formulated 11 territorial adaptation plans to climate change, which have prioritized adaptation actions.
6,040	targets	COM	Comoros	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	84% reduction from 2030 BAU scenario	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC_Comores_Version_Francaise.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/2a465b0be793e2823d1f01a9af42944caa795bfb18627b52a9d0ec16e6315d79.pdf	fr-FR	Toutefois, un support financier et technique de la communautÃ© internationale est un prÃ©requis pour le succÃ¨s de cette contribution Ã l atteinte de l objectif de la Convention. LâUnion des Comores sâengage Ã rÃ©duire ses Ã©missions de gaz Ã effet de serre par environ 84% en 2030 par rapport aux Ã©missions du scenario de rÃ©fÃ©rence sous condition de lâassistance internationale mentionnÃ©e. Ce pourcentage reprÃ©sente prÃ¨s de 440 000 tCO2Ã©q. 2 Source : Banque MondialeCPDN Comores Section 5. Arrangements institutionnels LâUnion des Comores utilisera les mÃ©canismes existants de suivi et dâÃ©valuation pour la mise en Åuvre de la CPDN. Ainsi les arrangements institutionnels existants seront consolidÃ©s pour permettre la mise en Åuvre et le suivi de la CPDN.	However, financial and technical support from the international community is a prerequisite for the success of this contribution to achieving the objective of the Convention. The Union of the Comoros commits itself to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 84% by 2030 compared to the baseline emissions under the condition of the international assistance mentioned. This percentage represents close to 440 000 tCO2eq. 2 Source: World BankCPDN Comoros Section 5. Institutional Arrangements The Union of the Comoros will use the existing monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for the implementation of the CPDN. Thus, the existing institutional arrangements will be consolidated to enable the implementation and monitoring of the CPDN.
6,041	targets	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	44% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	Under this early action, Costa Rica proposed since 2007 to compensate its emissions through the removal or offsettingby the forest sector. The goal proposed to achieve Carbon Neutrality by 2021 with total net emissions comparable to total emissions in 2005. Since then, the mitigation goals agreed by the Conference of the Parties have evolved, and the mitigation efforts must aspire to maintain the mean global temperature below 2Â°C. In this National Contribution, the date of 2021 will become the turning point Costa Ricaâs emissions, as a continuation of its voluntary action and a landmark in the path towards de-carbonizing the economy.	Under this early action, Costa Rica proposed since 2007 to compensate its emissions through the removal or offsettingby the forest sector. The goal proposed to achieve Carbon Neutrality by 2021 with total net emissions comparable to total emissions in 2005. Since then, the mitigation goals agreed by the Conference of the Parties have evolved, and the mitigation efforts must aspire to maintain the mean global temperature below 2Â°C. In this National Contribution, the date of 2021 will become the turning point Costa Ricaâs emissions, as a continuation of its voluntary action and a landmark in the path towards de-carbonizing the economy.
6,042	targets	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	44% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	As a lineal representation, it shows a de-carbonization between 2012 and 2015 that has not happen. The numbers will be updated based on the Bi-annual Update (BUR) set for the end of 2015. - Trayectoria de Emisiones (T CO2e) Projected EmissionsMaximum Net Emissions Limit for Greenhouse Gases. Scope 100% of national emissions accounted for in the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Gases Included â Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) â Methane (CH4 ) â Nitrous Oxide (N2 O) â Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) â Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) â Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 ) Period Absolut Maximum Limit e by 2030 Transparency and Accountability Costa Rica has adopted an Open Government policy. It is looking into strengthening accountability mechanisms, information access and availability, and citizen participation.	As a lineal representation, it shows a de-carbonization between 2012 and 2015 that has not happen. The numbers will be updated based on the Bi-annual Update (BUR) set for the end of 2015. - Trayectoria de Emisiones (T CO2e) Projected EmissionsMaximum Net Emissions Limit for Greenhouse Gases. Scope 100% of national emissions accounted for in the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Gases Included â Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) â Methane (CH4 ) â Nitrous Oxide (N2 O) â Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) â Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) â Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 ) Period Absolut Maximum Limit e by 2030 Transparency and Accountability Costa Rica has adopted an Open Government policy. It is looking into strengthening accountability mechanisms, information access and availability, and citizen participation.
6,043	targets	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	44% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	It is estimated that 78.2% of these damages are in public infrastructure, while the rest is private property. If the country continues to follow its current path, according to some studies, in 2030 losses will amount to more than 7 Billion US Dollars, accounted since 2006, and could reach by 2050 almost 30 Billion US Dollars. These losses are bound to have a greater impact on vulnerable groups like women, children and people in extreme poverty. Costa Rica has published a number of vulnerability assessments in agriculture, biodiversity, infrastructure, food security, freshwater resources and coastline sectors.	It is estimated that 78.2% of these damages are in public infrastructure, while the rest is private property. If the country continues to follow its current path, according to some studies, in 2030 losses will amount to more than 7 Billion US Dollars, accounted since 2006, and could reach by 2050 almost 30 Billion US Dollars. These losses are bound to have a greater impact on vulnerable groups like women, children and people in extreme poverty. Costa Rica has published a number of vulnerability assessments in agriculture, biodiversity, infrastructure, food security, freshwater resources and coastline sectors.
6,044	targets	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	T_Longterm	1.19 Net Tons emissions per Capita by 2050 and -0.27 Net Tons emissions per Capita by 2100.	T_FL	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	In this National Contribution, the date of 2021 will become the turning point Costa Ricaâs emissions, as a continuation of its voluntary action and a landmark in the path towards de-carbonizing the economy. Second, the country is committed to a maximum of 9,374,000 T CO2eq net emissions by 2030, with proposed emissions per capita of 1.73 net tons by 2030, 1.19 Net Tons per Capita by 2050 and -0.27 Net Tons per Capita by 2100. This numbers are consistent with the necessary global path to comply with 2Â°C goal. Costa Ricaâs commitment includes an emissions reduction of GHG of 44%, of a Business As Usual (BAU) scenario, and a reduction of 25% of emission compared to 2012 emissions.	In this National Contribution, the date of 2021 will become the turning point Costa Ricaâs emissions, as a continuation of its voluntary action and a landmark in the path towards de-carbonizing the economy. Second, the country is committed to a maximum of 9,374,000 T CO2eq net emissions by 2030, with proposed emissions per capita of 1.73 net tons by 2030, 1.19 Net Tons per Capita by 2050 and -0.27 Net Tons per Capita by 2100. This numbers are consistent with the necessary global path to comply with 2Â°C goal. Costa Ricaâs commitment includes an emissions reduction of GHG of 44%, of a Business As Usual (BAU) scenario, and a reduction of 25% of emission compared to 2012 emissions.
6,045	mitigation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	S_PublicTransport	Develop an integrated public transport system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transport enhanced	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.
6,046	mitigation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	S_Activemobility	Develop an integrated public transport system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transport enhanced	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.
6,047	mitigation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	S_PTIntegration	Develop an integrated public transport system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transport enhanced Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.
6,048	mitigation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	S_Infraimprove	Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.
6,049	mitigation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	S_Intermodality	Improve the freight sector through multi-modal options	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.	Public Transportation needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its working design. This can be accomplished through an Integrated Public Transportation system where routes are improved, train service strengthened, and availability of non-motorized transportation enhanced, etc. Costa Rica has made the intercity electric train a priority, which will provide a significant contribution to the countryâs emission mitigation goals, creating new employment and low emissions mobility. It is necessary to improve the freight sector through multi-modal options. This will require an ambitious investment portfolio in sustainable transportation over the coming decades. The Costa Rican Agricultural sector is the second highest sector in compound emissions due to its Nitrous Oxide and Methane production.
6,050	mitigation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	I_Altfuels	Fuel switching in end-uses (Buildings, transport, industry)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	Also, itâs expected to increase citizen forums through the pre-2020 period to define the best climate governance arrangements to deliver on the commitments acquired in this National Contribution.APPENDIX 1: MITIGATION OPTIONS Costa Ricaâs transition into a resilient and low emissions economy will require an integrated focus on energy and climate policy, based not only, on a cost-benefit analysis, but also on a broader assessment of the social and environmental costs of a sustainable development pathway. The mitigation options proposed by Costa Rica in its National Contribution can be categorized into four broad policy options: Reducing energy demand and GHG emissions (Energy efficiency & conservation, low emissions development pathways) Decarbonizing energy supply (Electricity, liquids, gases) Fuel switching in end-uses (Buildings, transport, industry) Enhancing Carbon sinks (Land-use, reforestation) In the National Emissions Inventory of 2010, emissions from the energy are mostly caused by fossil fuels used in electric generation.	Also, itâs expected to increase citizen forums through the pre-2020 period to define the best climate governance arrangements to deliver on the commitments acquired in this National Contribution.APPENDIX 1: MITIGATION OPTIONS Costa Ricaâs transition into a resilient and low emissions economy will require an integrated focus on energy and climate policy, based not only, on a cost-benefit analysis, but also on a broader assessment of the social and environmental costs of a sustainable development pathway. The mitigation options proposed by Costa Rica in its National Contribution can be categorized into four broad policy options: Reducing energy demand and GHG emissions (Energy efficiency & conservation, low emissions development pathways) Decarbonizing energy supply (Electricity, liquids, gases) Fuel switching in end-uses (Buildings, transport, industry) Enhancing Carbon sinks (Land-use, reforestation) In the National Emissions Inventory of 2010, emissions from the energy are mostly caused by fossil fuels used in electric generation.
6,051	mitigation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	I_Altfuels	Fuel switching in end-uses (Buildings, transport, industry)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	The mitigation options proposed by Costa Rica in its National Contribution can be categorized into four broad policy options: Reducing energy demand and GHG emissions (Energy efficiency & conservation, low emissions development pathways) Decarbonizing energy supply (Electricity, liquids, gases) Fuel switching in end-uses (Buildings, transport, industry) Enhancing Carbon sinks (Land-use, reforestation) In the National Emissions Inventory of 2010, emissions from the energy are mostly caused by fossil fuels used in electric generation. There are a lot of opportunities to work with the industrial sector on energy conservation and fuel switching in productive processes to reduce energy demand and decarbonize the energy supply. The VII National Energy Plan 2015-2030 defines energy efficiency and distributed generation as priorities.	The mitigation options proposed by Costa Rica in its National Contribution can be categorized into four broad policy options: Reducing energy demand and GHG emissions (Energy efficiency & conservation, low emissions development pathways) Decarbonizing energy supply (Electricity, liquids, gases) Fuel switching in end-uses (Buildings, transport, industry) Enhancing Carbon sinks (Land-use, reforestation) In the National Emissions Inventory of 2010, emissions from the energy are mostly caused by fossil fuels used in electric generation. There are a lot of opportunities to work with the industrial sector on energy conservation and fuel switching in productive processes to reduce energy demand and decarbonize the energy supply. The VII National Energy Plan 2015-2030 defines energy efficiency and distributed generation as priorities.
6,052	implementation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	P_Institute	Ad-Hoc Operational Coordination Mechanism such as: Joint Commissions (agriculture and forestry, transportation and energy), which will coordinate the inter-sectorial implementation agendas under the National Climate Change Strategy.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	In summary, the National Contribution will be implemented by the following entities: 1. Inter-Ministerial Council for Climate Change, which will allow to discuss, define, and follow up on climate change policies. 2. Ad-Hoc Operational Coordination Mechanism such as: Joint Commissions (agriculture and forestry, transportation and energy), which will coordinate the inter-sectorial implementation agendas under the National Climate Change Strategy. 3. MINAEâs Climate Change Department, in charge of coordinating the implementation of the National Climate Change Strategy and supervising the definition of technical standards, closely coordinated with other sectorial directions and institutions related to MINAE (Energy Department, National Meteorological Institute, National Forestry Finance Fund, National Conservation Areas System, National Forestry Administration, among others). 4.	In summary, the National Contribution will be implemented by the following entities: 1. Inter-Ministerial Council for Climate Change, which will allow to discuss, define, and follow up on climate change policies. 2. Ad-Hoc Operational Coordination Mechanism such as: Joint Commissions (agriculture and forestry, transportation and energy), which will coordinate the inter-sectorial implementation agendas under the National Climate Change Strategy. 3. MINAEâs Climate Change Department, in charge of coordinating the implementation of the National Climate Change Strategy and supervising the definition of technical standards, closely coordinated with other sectorial directions and institutions related to MINAE (Energy Department, National Meteorological Institute, National Forestry Finance Fund, National Conservation Areas System, National Forestry Administration, among others). 4.
6,053	implementation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	P_National	2015-2018 National Development Plan: Support the key sector emission reduction activities (transport [â¦]) Low Emission Development Strategy for the urban sector, together with potential NAMAs in transportation [â¦]	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	The publication of Official Urban Development Plan for the Metropolitan Area and the Land Use Planning National Policy, involve critical measures that have a bearing on GHG emissions. Costa Ricaâs has begun the design of a Low Emission Development Strategy for the urban sector, together with potential NAMAs in transportation and waste management, sustainable housing, all togetherrepresent important steps to reduce emissions from cities. The strategies main stakeholders would be the Ministry of Housing (MIVAH), as the director for urban development, the Ministry of Health (MINSA), as the director in waste management, the Ministry of Environment and Energy and the municipalities around the country, especially those located in the metropolitan area of San JosÃ©.	The publication of Official Urban Development Plan for the Metropolitan Area and the Land Use Planning National Policy, involve critical measures that have a bearing on GHG emissions. Costa Ricaâs has begun the design of a Low Emission Development Strategy for the urban sector, together with potential NAMAs in transportation and waste management, sustainable housing, all togetherrepresent important steps to reduce emissions from cities. The strategies main stakeholders would be the Ministry of Housing (MIVAH), as the director for urban development, the Ministry of Health (MINSA), as the director in waste management, the Ministry of Environment and Energy and the municipalities around the country, especially those located in the metropolitan area of San JosÃ©.
6,054	implementation	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	P_Technology	In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	PLANNING PROCESS As a pioneer country in the search for alternative ways for decarbonizing the economy, Costa Rica has a range of political instruments, both in mitigation and adaptation. In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency. In adaptation, two approaches were proposed, the adaptive co-management at the watershed level and detailed (sub-national) climate change scenarios. One of the approaches proposed with impacts both in mitigation and adaptation: Sustainable Agricultural Production.	PLANNING PROCESS As a pioneer country in the search for alternative ways for decarbonizing the economy, Costa Rica has a range of political instruments, both in mitigation and adaptation. In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency. In adaptation, two approaches were proposed, the adaptive co-management at the watershed level and detailed (sub-national) climate change scenarios. One of the approaches proposed with impacts both in mitigation and adaptation: Sustainable Agricultural Production.
6,055	benefits	CRI	Costa Rica	1st NDC	B_Congestion	Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion prioritized	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/48215343ff2fd7ab3978ae9c5f6e04b507f6dace43b9b5683574a381714a158e.pdf	en-US	PLANNING PROCESS As a pioneer country in the search for alternative ways for decarbonizing the economy, Costa Rica has a range of political instruments, both in mitigation and adaptation. In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency. In adaptation, two approaches were proposed, the adaptive co-management at the watershed level and detailed (sub-national) climate change scenarios. One of the approaches proposed with impacts both in mitigation and adaptation: Sustainable Agricultural Production.	PLANNING PROCESS As a pioneer country in the search for alternative ways for decarbonizing the economy, Costa Rica has a range of political instruments, both in mitigation and adaptation. In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency. In adaptation, two approaches were proposed, the adaptive co-management at the watershed level and detailed (sub-national) climate change scenarios. One of the approaches proposed with impacts both in mitigation and adaptation: Sustainable Agricultural Production.
6,056	targets	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources.	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	GHG Mitigation Component 2.1 Contribution to GHG Emissions Mitigation Type of contribution GHG emission reduction compared to the Business-As-Usual scenario (BAU) BAU scenario approach was adopted, given that DPR Korea has no obligation to reduce its emission regarding a base year under Coverage - Sectors covered: all 2006 IPCC sectors Energy Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU) Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) Waste - Geographical coverage: 100 percent geographical coverage - Percentage of national emissions covered, as reflected in the most recent national GHG inventory: 100% Greenhouse gases Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, Hydrofluorocarbons, Perfluorocarbons, Sulfur hexafluoride Methodologies and tools to estimate GHG emissions and data - 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, IPCC Inventory Software - Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) - Greenhouse gas Abatement Cost Model (GACMO) - Multi-Criteria Assessment (MCA) - IPCC SAR GWP values (Carbon Dioxide; 1, Methane; 21, Nitrous Oxide; 310) Planning process The INDC has been prepared by a participatory and transparent process through stakeholder consultations, taking into consideration the national socio-economic development plans, including the five-year strategy for national economic development Business-As- Usual scenario (BAU) DPR Koreaâs BAU scenario for GHG emissions was developed based on the assumption of economic growth in the absence of climate change policies. - GHG emission projections for 2020: 116.36 million tCO2 e - GHG emission projections for 2030: 187.73 million tCO2 e The BAU scenario projection will be revised to include more accurate information with preparation of the National Communications and Biennial Update.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 5 Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources.	Nitrous Oxide, Hydrofluorocarbons, Perfluorocarbons, Sulfur hexafluoride Methodologies and tools to estimate GHG emissions and data - 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, IPCC Inventory Software - Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) - Greenhouse gas Abatement Cost Model (GACMO) - Multi-Criteria Assessment (MCA) - IPCC SAR GWP values (Carbon Dioxide; 1, Methane; 21, Nitrous Oxide; 310) Planning process The INDC has been prepared by a participatory and transparent process through stakeholder consultations, taking into consideration the national socio-economic development plans, including the five-year strategy for national economic development Business-As- Usual scenario (BAU) DPR Koreaâs BAU scenario for GHG emissions was developed based on the assumption of economic growth in the absence of climate change policies. - GHG emission projections for 2020: 116.36 million tCO2 e - GHG emission projections for 2030: 187.73 million tCO2 e The BAU scenario projection will be revised to include more accurate information with preparation of the National Communications and Biennial Update.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 5 Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources.
6,057	targets	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources.	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	- GHG emission projections for 2020: 116.36 million tCO2 e - GHG emission projections for 2030: 187.73 million tCO2 e The BAU scenario projection will be revised to include more accurate information with preparation of the National Communications and Biennial Update.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 5 Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources. Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement.	- GHG emission projections for 2020: 116.36 million tCO2 e - GHG emission projections for 2030: 187.73 million tCO2 e The BAU scenario projection will be revised to include more accurate information with preparation of the National Communications and Biennial Update.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 5 Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources. Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement.
6,058	targets	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	- GHG emission projections for 2020: 116.36 million tCO2 e - GHG emission projections for 2030: 187.73 million tCO2 e The BAU scenario projection will be revised to include more accurate information with preparation of the National Communications and Biennial Update.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 5 Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources. Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement.	- GHG emission projections for 2020: 116.36 million tCO2 e - GHG emission projections for 2030: 187.73 million tCO2 e The BAU scenario projection will be revised to include more accurate information with preparation of the National Communications and Biennial Update.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 5 Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources. Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement.
6,059	targets	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement. 2.2 Fair and Ambitious DPR Koreaâs GHG emission is 65 714GgCO2 e in 2000, which accounts for 0.16% of the World GHG emission in 2000 (40GtCO2 e). With the GHG emission of 2.9tCO2 e per capita in 2000, DPR Korea is one of low GHG emitting countries in terms of emissions per capita. GHG emission per capita will be increased to 6.5tCO2 e in 2030, but it will be still below the world average.	Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement. 2.2 Fair and Ambitious DPR Koreaâs GHG emission is 65 714GgCO2 e in 2000, which accounts for 0.16% of the World GHG emission in 2000 (40GtCO2 e). With the GHG emission of 2.9tCO2 e per capita in 2000, DPR Korea is one of low GHG emitting countries in terms of emissions per capita. GHG emission per capita will be increased to 6.5tCO2 e in 2030, but it will be still below the world average.
6,060	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	I_Vehicleimprove	Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	- Law on Environment Protection, Law on Environment Impact Assessment, Law on Air Pollution Protection - Law on Wastes Disposal, Law on Sewer - Law on Energy Management, Law on Coal, Law on Electric Power, Law on Residential Fuel, Law on Medium and Small Power Plant, Law on Crude Oil, Law on Renewable Energy - Law on Forest, Law on Land, Law on Land Use Planning, Land on Landscape, Law on Nature Reserve - Law on Science and Technology, Law on City Management - National Energy Strategy - Strategy for Agriculture Development - National Strategy for Science and Technology DevelopmentIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 7 2.4 Measures to achieve the GHG emissions mitigation targets of the INDC DPR Korea will exert efforts in implementing the following measures to achieve the target of the INDC. 1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change.	the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change.
6,061	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	I_Vehicleimprove	Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change. â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 1 To reduce power transmission and distribution losses to 6% 2 To build 2 000MW nuclear power station 3 To install a total of 1 000MW grid connected solar PV systems To build a total of 500MW West Sea off âshore wind farms at the Korean West Sea 5 To build a total of 500MW on-shore wind farms To use energy-efficient air conditioners and heat pumps instead of coal-fired space heating at households and offices To use biogas from livestock manure and domestic sewage instead of coal or firewood for cooking 8 To replace coal use for hot water with solar hot water system at households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.	households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.
6,062	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	S_BRT	To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change. â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 1 To reduce power transmission and distribution losses to 6% 2 To build 2 000MW nuclear power station 3 To install a total of 1 000MW grid connected solar PV systems To build a total of 500MW West Sea off âshore wind farms at the Korean West Sea 5 To build a total of 500MW on-shore wind farms To use energy-efficient air conditioners and heat pumps instead of coal-fired space heating at households and offices To use biogas from livestock manure and domestic sewage instead of coal or firewood for cooking 8 To replace coal use for hot water with solar hot water system at households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.	households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.
6,063	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	S_BRT	To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 1 To reduce power transmission and distribution losses to 6% 2 To build 2 000MW nuclear power station 3 To install a total of 1 000MW grid connected solar PV systems To build a total of 500MW West Sea off âshore wind farms at the Korean West Sea 5 To build a total of 500MW on-shore wind farms To use energy-efficient air conditioners and heat pumps instead of coal-fired space heating at households and offices To use biogas from livestock manure and domestic sewage instead of coal or firewood for cooking 8 To replace coal use for hot water with solar hot water system at households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3. Adaptation Component Annual mean temperature in DPR Korea rose by 1.9oC over the 20th century.	Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3. Adaptation Component Annual mean temperature in DPR Korea rose by 1.9oC over the 20th century.
6,064	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	S_PTIntegration	Expand and encourage public transport facilities	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	- Law on Environment Protection, Law on Environment Impact Assessment, Law on Air Pollution Protection - Law on Wastes Disposal, Law on Sewer - Law on Energy Management, Law on Coal, Law on Electric Power, Law on Residential Fuel, Law on Medium and Small Power Plant, Law on Crude Oil, Law on Renewable Energy - Law on Forest, Law on Land, Law on Land Use Planning, Land on Landscape, Law on Nature Reserve - Law on Science and Technology, Law on City Management - National Energy Strategy - Strategy for Agriculture Development - National Strategy for Science and Technology DevelopmentIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 7 2.4 Measures to achieve the GHG emissions mitigation targets of the INDC DPR Korea will exert efforts in implementing the following measures to achieve the target of the INDC. 1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change.	the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change.
6,065	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	S_PTIntegration	Expand and encourage public transport facilities	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change. â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 1 To reduce power transmission and distribution losses to 6% 2 To build 2 000MW nuclear power station 3 To install a total of 1 000MW grid connected solar PV systems To build a total of 500MW West Sea off âshore wind farms at the Korean West Sea 5 To build a total of 500MW on-shore wind farms To use energy-efficient air conditioners and heat pumps instead of coal-fired space heating at households and offices To use biogas from livestock manure and domestic sewage instead of coal or firewood for cooking 8 To replace coal use for hot water with solar hot water system at households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.	households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.
6,066	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	A_Caraccess	Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	- Law on Environment Protection, Law on Environment Impact Assessment, Law on Air Pollution Protection - Law on Wastes Disposal, Law on Sewer - Law on Energy Management, Law on Coal, Law on Electric Power, Law on Residential Fuel, Law on Medium and Small Power Plant, Law on Crude Oil, Law on Renewable Energy - Law on Forest, Law on Land, Law on Land Use Planning, Land on Landscape, Law on Nature Reserve - Law on Science and Technology, Law on City Management - National Energy Strategy - Strategy for Agriculture Development - National Strategy for Science and Technology DevelopmentIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 7 2.4 Measures to achieve the GHG emissions mitigation targets of the INDC DPR Korea will exert efforts in implementing the following measures to achieve the target of the INDC. 1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change.	the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change.
6,067	mitigation	PRK	Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1st NDC	A_Caraccess	Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/c2b7cfb9e0f92f3adf2dafbc5b89b371a711036feea449db7ad3ccfd0b9444b2.pdf	en-US	1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a dayâs interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youthâs Forest and Childrenâs Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change. â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 1 To reduce power transmission and distribution losses to 6% 2 To build 2 000MW nuclear power station 3 To install a total of 1 000MW grid connected solar PV systems To build a total of 500MW West Sea off âshore wind farms at the Korean West Sea 5 To build a total of 500MW on-shore wind farms To use energy-efficient air conditioners and heat pumps instead of coal-fired space heating at households and offices To use biogas from livestock manure and domestic sewage instead of coal or firewood for cooking 8 To replace coal use for hot water with solar hot water system at households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.	households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 10 â Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic Peopleâs Republic of Korea Page 11 3.
6,068	targets	COD	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	17% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CPDN%20-%20R%C3%A9p%20D%C3%A9m%20du%20Congo.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/73ec65a83ab699314cd4e46cb44cd7d0943c4e62789178e4e88a6035268ee1a3.pdf	fr-FR	Ces actions seront conditionnÃ©es par la mise Ã disposition dâun appui adÃ©quat correspondant en termes de ressources financiÃ¨res, de transfert de technologie et de renforcement de la capacitÃ© nationale. Pour cela, il est important que lâaccÃ¨s aux ressources facilitant la mise en Åuvre des activitÃ©s reprises au sein de la CPDN de la RDC soit favorisÃ©. 3.4. RÃ©duction des Ã©missions des GES La RDC sâengage Ã rÃ©duire ses Ã©missions de 17% dâici 2030 par rapport aux Ã©missions du scÃ©nario des Ã©missions du statu quo (430 Mt CO2 e), soit une rÃ©duction dâun peu plus de 70 Mt e Ã©vitÃ©s (MinistÃ¨re de lâEnvironnement, 2009).	These actions will be conditional on the availability of adequate support in terms of financial resources, technology transfer and national capacity building. To this end, it is important that access to resources facilitating the implementation of the activities undertaken within the DRCâ€TMs NDPC be facilitated. 3.4. Reduction of GHG Emissions The DRC is committed to reducing its emissions by 17% by 2030 compared to the status quo emissions scenario (430 Mt CO2 e), or a reduction of just over 70 Mt e avoided (Department of the Environment, 2009).
6,069	targets	COD	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	17% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CPDN%20-%20R%C3%A9p%20D%C3%A9m%20du%20Congo.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/73ec65a83ab699314cd4e46cb44cd7d0943c4e62789178e4e88a6035268ee1a3.pdf	fr-FR	RÃ©duction des Ã©missions des GES La RDC sâengage Ã rÃ©duire ses Ã©missions de 17% dâici 2030 par rapport aux Ã©missions du scÃ©nario des Ã©missions du statu quo (430 Mt CO2 e), soit une rÃ©duction dâun peu plus de 70 Mt e Ã©vitÃ©s (MinistÃ¨re de lâEnvironnement, 2009). En effet, le contexte national se prÃ©sente comme suit : (i) superficie forestiÃ¨re de la RDC de lâordre de 152 millions dâha en 2010 (MEDD, 2015), (ii) taux de dÃ©forestation observÃ©e entre 1990 et 2010 de lâordre de 0,32% (MEDD, 2015) ; (iii) dÃ©forestation et dÃ©gradation forestiÃ¨re essentiellement provoquÃ©e par lâagriculture commerciale (~40%) et vivriÃ¨re (~20%) et par la coupe du bois de chauffe (~20%)(4).	Reducing GHG Emissions The DRC is committed to reducing its emissions by 17% by 2030 compared to the emissions of the status quo scenario (430 Mt CO2 e), a reduction of just over 70 Mt e avoided (Department of the Environment, 2009). The national context is as follows: (i) the DRCâ€TMs forest area of 152 million ha in 2010 (MEDD, 2015), (ii) the observed rate of deforestation between 1990 and 2010 of 0.32% (MEDD, 2015), and (iii) deforestation and forest degradation mainly caused by commercial agriculture (~40%) and livestock (~20%) and firewood harvesting (~20%)(4).
6,070	targets	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	40% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	But the country will need to focus its efforts on adaptation above all and seek out the support of the international community. The present contribution is part of a dynamic process and may be reassessed in line with changes in the national and international contexts.DJIBOUTIâS CONTRIBUTION TO MITIGATION Objective and expected directions for 2030 General objectives By means of unconditional measures, the Republic of Djibouti is committed to preventing 1.8 Mt CO2 e of future GHG emissions, thus reducing its emissions by 40% compared to the business-as-usual scenario. The implementation of conditional measures would enable a further reduction in CO2 e emissions by 0.9 Mt, or 20% of GHG emissions compared to the business-as-usual scenario for 2030.	But the country will need to focus its efforts on adaptation above all and seek out the support of the international community. The present contribution is part of a dynamic process and may be reassessed in line with changes in the national and international contexts.DJIBOUTIâS CONTRIBUTION TO MITIGATION Objective and expected directions for 2030 General objectives By means of unconditional measures, the Republic of Djibouti is committed to preventing 1.8 Mt CO2 e of future GHG emissions, thus reducing its emissions by 40% compared to the business-as-usual scenario. The implementation of conditional measures would enable a further reduction in CO2 e emissions by 0.9 Mt, or 20% of GHG emissions compared to the business-as-usual scenario for 2030.
6,071	targets	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	60% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	But the country will need to focus its efforts on adaptation above all and seek out the support of the international community. The present contribution is part of a dynamic process and may be reassessed in line with changes in the national and international contexts.DJIBOUTIâS CONTRIBUTION TO MITIGATION Objective and expected directions for 2030 General objectives By means of unconditional measures, the Republic of Djibouti is committed to preventing 1.8 Mt CO2 e of future GHG emissions, thus reducing its emissions by 40% compared to the business-as-usual scenario. The implementation of conditional measures would enable a further reduction in CO2 e emissions by 0.9 Mt, or 20% of GHG emissions compared to the business-as-usual scenario for 2030.	But the country will need to focus its efforts on adaptation above all and seek out the support of the international community. The present contribution is part of a dynamic process and may be reassessed in line with changes in the national and international contexts.DJIBOUTIâS CONTRIBUTION TO MITIGATION Objective and expected directions for 2030 General objectives By means of unconditional measures, the Republic of Djibouti is committed to preventing 1.8 Mt CO2 e of future GHG emissions, thus reducing its emissions by 40% compared to the business-as-usual scenario. The implementation of conditional measures would enable a further reduction in CO2 e emissions by 0.9 Mt, or 20% of GHG emissions compared to the business-as-usual scenario for 2030.
6,072	targets	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	60% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	The implementation of conditional measures would enable a further reduction in CO2 e emissions by 0.9 Mt, or 20% of GHG emissions compared to the business-as-usual scenario for 2030. In this way, the conditional mitigation scenario would enable the Republic of Djibouti to maintain its volume of emissions at a level equivalent to that of 2010. Business-as-usual scenario The linear sectoral projection was used to estimate the GHG emissions level in 2030 without the implementation of any mitigation measures. In that case, 2030 GHG emissions would more than double their level in 2010. Nearly 55% of those emissions come from the âEnergyâ category, making it a priority sector for the implementation of mitigation options by the Republic of Djibouti.	The implementation of conditional measures would enable a further reduction in CO2 e emissions by 0.9 Mt, or 20% of GHG emissions compared to the business-as-usual scenario for 2030. In this way, the conditional mitigation scenario would enable the Republic of Djibouti to maintain its volume of emissions at a level equivalent to that of 2010. Business-as-usual scenario The linear sectoral projection was used to estimate the GHG emissions level in 2030 without the implementation of any mitigation measures. In that case, 2030 GHG emissions would more than double their level in 2010. Nearly 55% of those emissions come from the âEnergyâ category, making it a priority sector for the implementation of mitigation options by the Republic of Djibouti.
6,073	targets	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	60% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Nearly 55% of those emissions come from the âEnergyâ category, making it a priority sector for the implementation of mitigation options by the Republic of Djibouti. Figure 1: With no mitigation measures, the GHG emissions level will double by 2030. * Compared to emissions levels according to the business-as-usual scenario. GHG emission projections through 2030 excluding the âLand Useâ category Business-as-usual scenario Unconditional mitigation scenario Conditional mitigation scenarioEmissions - Business-as-usual scenario (in kt e) Emissions - Unconditional mitigation scenario (in kt of CO2 e) Emissions - Conditional mitigation scenario (in kt of CO2 e) * Compared to emissions levels according to the business-as-usual scenario. Assumptions and methodological approaches Model and methodology for estimating emissions The business-as-usual scenario was developed using the GACMO model and on linear sectoral projections.	Nearly 55% of those emissions come from the âEnergyâ category, making it a priority sector for the implementation of mitigation options by the Republic of Djibouti. Figure 1: With no mitigation measures, the GHG emissions level will double by 2030. * Compared to emissions levels according to the business-as-usual scenario. GHG emission projections through 2030 excluding the âLand Useâ category Business-as-usual scenario Unconditional mitigation scenario Conditional mitigation scenarioEmissions - Business-as-usual scenario (in kt e) Emissions - Unconditional mitigation scenario (in kt of CO2 e) Emissions - Conditional mitigation scenario (in kt of CO2 e) * Compared to emissions levels according to the business-as-usual scenario. Assumptions and methodological approaches Model and methodology for estimating emissions The business-as-usual scenario was developed using the GACMO model and on linear sectoral projections.
6,074	targets	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	60% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	In parallel, the Republic of Djibouti is in the process of developing a national strategy on climate change. That strategy will draw on both the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and the National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), adopted in 2006. It will incorporate changes in regulations relating to buildings, air conditioners and refrigerators. These two complementary strategies should enable the Republic of Djibouti to attain its 2030 targets as set out herein. Presentation of unconditional mitigation measures Unconditional measures are scheduled or in-progress projects, all of whose funding has been defined. The information provided in the table below shows the budget forecast and is subject to re-evaluation over the course of each project.	In parallel, the Republic of Djibouti is in the process of developing a national strategy on climate change. That strategy will draw on both the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and the National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), adopted in 2006. It will incorporate changes in regulations relating to buildings, air conditioners and refrigerators. These two complementary strategies should enable the Republic of Djibouti to attain its 2030 targets as set out herein. Presentation of unconditional mitigation measures Unconditional measures are scheduled or in-progress projects, all of whose funding has been defined. The information provided in the table below shows the budget forecast and is subject to re-evaluation over the course of each project.
6,075	targets	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	60% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	The information provided in the table below shows the budget forecast and is subject to re-evaluation over the course of each project. Table 1: Presentation of funded mitigation measures 1st electrical tie line with Ethiopia Construction of a very high voltage line with a 50 MW capacity to import electricity from Ethiopia to Djibouti. 90% of Ethiopian electricity is generated from renewable energy sources. This project was completed in 2011. Funding: US $65 million, 95% financed by the African Development Bank and 5% by the Republic of Djibouti. Estimated reduction in emissions: 150 kt of CO2 e/year. Onshore wind farms Installation of 60 MW onshore wind turbines in Goubet. Those power plants are scheduled to be commissioned in 2025.	The information provided in the table below shows the budget forecast and is subject to re-evaluation over the course of each project. Table 1: Presentation of funded mitigation measures 1st electrical tie line with Ethiopia Construction of a very high voltage line with a 50 MW capacity to import electricity from Ethiopia to Djibouti. 90% of Ethiopian electricity is generated from renewable energy sources. This project was completed in 2011. Funding: US $65 million, 95% financed by the African Development Bank and 5% by the Republic of Djibouti. Estimated reduction in emissions: 150 kt of CO2 e/year. Onshore wind farms Installation of 60 MW onshore wind turbines in Goubet. Those power plants are scheduled to be commissioned in 2025.
6,076	targets	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	60% below BAU by 2030	T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Presentation of conditional mitigation measures Measures that are pending financing are being studied for the improvement of the countryâs energy efficiency and to reduce land-use-related emissions. The fulfilment of all of the projects identified aspriorities for the countryâs development (Table 2) would further reduce 2030 emissions by another 20%, in comparison to the business-as-usual scenario. Table 2: Presentation of priority mitigation measures under study or pending funding 2nd and 3rd electrical tie lines with Ethiopia Based on the first tie line created in 2011, construction of two more very high voltage lines with a combined capacity of 250 MW in order to import electricity from Ethiopia. Thermal rehabilitation of buildings Rehabilitation of 3,000 existing buildings (accommodation and service buildings) each year to improve their thermal performance by means of insulation.	Presentation of conditional mitigation measures Measures that are pending financing are being studied for the improvement of the countryâs energy efficiency and to reduce land-use-related emissions. The fulfilment of all of the projects identified aspriorities for the countryâs development (Table 2) would further reduce 2030 emissions by another 20%, in comparison to the business-as-usual scenario. Table 2: Presentation of priority mitigation measures under study or pending funding 2nd and 3rd electrical tie lines with Ethiopia Based on the first tie line created in 2011, construction of two more very high voltage lines with a combined capacity of 250 MW in order to import electricity from Ethiopia. Thermal rehabilitation of buildings Rehabilitation of 3,000 existing buildings (accommodation and service buildings) each year to improve their thermal performance by means of insulation.
6,077	mitigation	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	I_Inspection	Set up a maintenance service for two-wheel vehicles and raise awareness about their use	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Thermal rehabilitation of buildings Rehabilitation of 3,000 existing buildings (accommodation and service buildings) each year to improve their thermal performance by means of insulation. Distribution of 5 million low energy light bulbs Awareness raising on the use of energy saving lighting equipment (low energy bulbs) in residential areas. Audit of administrative buildings Diagnostic review of the lighting and air conditioning systems used in different administrative buildings. Reduction of energy consumption by public buildings Improvements to the energy efficiency of the old CitÃ© MinistÃ©rielle building and installation of a photovoltaic solar park on the roof. Reforestation with silvopasture practices Reforestation of 1,000 hectares with the set-up of a silvopasture agricultural system. Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG.	Thermal rehabilitation of buildings Rehabilitation of 3,000 existing buildings (accommodation and service buildings) each year to improve their thermal performance by means of insulation. Distribution of 5 million low energy light bulbs Awareness raising on the use of energy saving lighting equipment (low energy bulbs) in residential areas. Audit of administrative buildings Diagnostic review of the lighting and air conditioning systems used in different administrative buildings. Reduction of energy consumption by public buildings Improvements to the energy efficiency of the old CitÃ© MinistÃ©rielle building and installation of a photovoltaic solar park on the roof. Reforestation with silvopasture practices Reforestation of 1,000 hectares with the set-up of a silvopasture agricultural system. Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG.
6,078	mitigation	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	I_Inspection	Set up a maintenance service for two-wheel vehicles and raise awareness about their use	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG. Development and maintenance of motorized two wheel vehicles Set-up of a maintenance service for two wheel vehicles and awareness- raising about its use. Secondary measures, likewise awaiting financing, are also under study (Table 3). Table 3: Presentation of non-priority mitigation measures under study or pending funding Energy production from biomass Combined production plant for electricity using household waste. Supposed potential of 10 MW. Tidal power plant Energy production using tidal turbines in Goubet. Supposed potential of 5 MW. Additional onshore wind turbines Djiboutiâs total wind power potential is estimated at 390 MW. Installation of 11 onshore wind turbines in Goubet, producing 30 MW.	Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG. Development and maintenance of motorized two wheel vehicles Set-up of a maintenance service for two wheel vehicles and awareness- raising about its use. Secondary measures, likewise awaiting financing, are also under study (Table 3). Table 3: Presentation of non-priority mitigation measures under study or pending funding Energy production from biomass Combined production plant for electricity using household waste. Supposed potential of 10 MW. Tidal power plant Energy production using tidal turbines in Goubet. Supposed potential of 5 MW. Additional onshore wind turbines Djiboutiâs total wind power potential is estimated at 390 MW. Installation of 11 onshore wind turbines in Goubet, producing 30 MW.
6,079	mitigation	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	I_Education	Set up a maintenance service for two-wheel vehicles and raise awareness about their use	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Thermal rehabilitation of buildings Rehabilitation of 3,000 existing buildings (accommodation and service buildings) each year to improve their thermal performance by means of insulation. Distribution of 5 million low energy light bulbs Awareness raising on the use of energy saving lighting equipment (low energy bulbs) in residential areas. Audit of administrative buildings Diagnostic review of the lighting and air conditioning systems used in different administrative buildings. Reduction of energy consumption by public buildings Improvements to the energy efficiency of the old CitÃ© MinistÃ©rielle building and installation of a photovoltaic solar park on the roof. Reforestation with silvopasture practices Reforestation of 1,000 hectares with the set-up of a silvopasture agricultural system. Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG.	Thermal rehabilitation of buildings Rehabilitation of 3,000 existing buildings (accommodation and service buildings) each year to improve their thermal performance by means of insulation. Distribution of 5 million low energy light bulbs Awareness raising on the use of energy saving lighting equipment (low energy bulbs) in residential areas. Audit of administrative buildings Diagnostic review of the lighting and air conditioning systems used in different administrative buildings. Reduction of energy consumption by public buildings Improvements to the energy efficiency of the old CitÃ© MinistÃ©rielle building and installation of a photovoltaic solar park on the roof. Reforestation with silvopasture practices Reforestation of 1,000 hectares with the set-up of a silvopasture agricultural system. Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG.
6,080	mitigation	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	I_Education	Set up a maintenance service for two-wheel vehicles and raise awareness about their use	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG. Development and maintenance of motorized two wheel vehicles Set-up of a maintenance service for two wheel vehicles and awareness- raising about its use. Secondary measures, likewise awaiting financing, are also under study (Table 3). Table 3: Presentation of non-priority mitigation measures under study or pending funding Energy production from biomass Combined production plant for electricity using household waste. Supposed potential of 10 MW. Tidal power plant Energy production using tidal turbines in Goubet. Supposed potential of 5 MW. Additional onshore wind turbines Djiboutiâs total wind power potential is estimated at 390 MW. Installation of 11 onshore wind turbines in Goubet, producing 30 MW.	Reduction of fuel wood consumption for cooking Decrease in the consumption of wood for cooking, estimated at 56,100 tonnes each year, through the replacement of 1,000 units by systems that use LPG. Development and maintenance of motorized two wheel vehicles Set-up of a maintenance service for two wheel vehicles and awareness- raising about its use. Secondary measures, likewise awaiting financing, are also under study (Table 3). Table 3: Presentation of non-priority mitigation measures under study or pending funding Energy production from biomass Combined production plant for electricity using household waste. Supposed potential of 10 MW. Tidal power plant Energy production using tidal turbines in Goubet. Supposed potential of 5 MW. Additional onshore wind turbines Djiboutiâs total wind power potential is estimated at 390 MW. Installation of 11 onshore wind turbines in Goubet, producing 30 MW.
6,081	mitigation	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	S_PTIntegration	Construct a 752-km railway line between Djibouti City and Addis Ababa	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	The power plants are scheduled to be commissioned in 2030. Funding: Assal project financed by a group of donors managed by the World Bank, in the amount of US $31 million. Other projects financed by private investors, in partnership with the Republic of Djibouti. Estimated reduction in emissions: 6,000 kt of CO2 e/year. New railway line Construction of a 752 km railway line between Djibouti City and Addis Ababa. It is scheduled to be put in service in October 2015. Funding: Project financed by private Chinese investors. Energy efficiency project on 10 buildings The primary objective of this two year project is to enable the Djibouti Energy Management Agency (ADME) to study the energy consumption of 10 buildings.	The power plants are scheduled to be commissioned in 2030. Funding: Assal project financed by a group of donors managed by the World Bank, in the amount of US $31 million. Other projects financed by private investors, in partnership with the Republic of Djibouti. Estimated reduction in emissions: 6,000 kt of CO2 e/year. New railway line Construction of a 752 km railway line between Djibouti City and Addis Ababa. It is scheduled to be put in service in October 2015. Funding: Project financed by private Chinese investors. Energy efficiency project on 10 buildings The primary objective of this two year project is to enable the Djibouti Energy Management Agency (ADME) to study the energy consumption of 10 buildings.
6,082	mitigation	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	I_VehicleRestrictions	Eliminate the import of 10,000 old cars that produce excessive pollution	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Installation of 11 onshore wind turbines in Goubet, producing 30 MW. Accelerated replacement of air conditioners Incentives for households to replace their air conditioners at the end of their life cycles by other, more efficient (Class A) units. An average of approximately 3,000 annually. Accelerated replacement of refrigerators Incentives for households to replace their refrigerators at the end of their life cycles by other, more efficient (Class A) units. An average of approximately 4,500 annually. âGreen Mosquesâ Implementation of energy efficiency and effectiveness solutions in the countryâs mosques.Reforestation with agroforestry Installation of 1,000 hectares of agroforestry system. Restriction on imports of older model cars Elimination of the import of 10,000 old cars producing too much pollution.	Installation of 11 onshore wind turbines in Goubet, producing 30 MW. Accelerated replacement of air conditioners Incentives for households to replace their air conditioners at the end of their life cycles by other, more efficient (Class A) units. An average of approximately 3,000 annually. Accelerated replacement of refrigerators Incentives for households to replace their refrigerators at the end of their life cycles by other, more efficient (Class A) units. An average of approximately 4,500 annually. âGreen Mosquesâ Implementation of energy efficiency and effectiveness solutions in the countryâs mosques.Reforestation with agroforestry Installation of 1,000 hectares of agroforestry system. Restriction on imports of older model cars Elimination of the import of 10,000 old cars producing too much pollution.
6,083	mitigation	DJI	Djibouti	1st NDC	I_VehicleRestrictions	Eliminate the import of 10,000 old cars that produce excessive pollution	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC-Djibouti_ENG.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/f1503ac769e0a079a370addfcf5fb7d6c0edc13bd727a7701f315d0748d0990f.pdf	en-US	Restriction on imports of older model cars Elimination of the import of 10,000 old cars producing too much pollution. Equity and ambition of the contribution of the Republic of Djibouti On a global scale, the IPCC calculated the quantity of GHGs as more than 49,000 Mt of CO2 e in 2004. As a result, the annual emissions produced by the Republic of Djibouti, estimated at close to 2 Mt e in 2010, represent less than 0.005% of the global volume. In other words, its emissions are non- significant compared with worldwide emissions. Nonetheless, the Republic of Djibouti has prepared this contribution to reaffirm its belief in the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and to take unprecedented measures in response to this issue.	Restriction on imports of older model cars Elimination of the import of 10,000 old cars producing too much pollution. Equity and ambition of the contribution of the Republic of Djibouti On a global scale, the IPCC calculated the quantity of GHGs as more than 49,000 Mt of CO2 e in 2004. As a result, the annual emissions produced by the Republic of Djibouti, estimated at close to 2 Mt e in 2010, represent less than 0.005% of the global volume. In other words, its emissions are non- significant compared with worldwide emissions. Nonetheless, the Republic of Djibouti has prepared this contribution to reaffirm its belief in the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and to take unprecedented measures in response to this issue.
6,084	targets	GNQ	Equatorial Guinea	1st NDC	T_Longterm	La ambiciÃ³n de Guinea Ecuatorial es reducir en un 20% de sus emisiones para el aÃ±o 2030, con respecto a los niveles de 2010; a fin de alcanzar una reducciÃ³n de 50% para el aÃ±o 2050.	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rep%C3%BAblica%20de%20Guinea%20Ecuatorial_INDC.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9ea77d4fa901047526c4cb412b8a51a4aaeac41d6cdca0a7377362b67a23321.pdf	es-ES	En el aÃ±o 2007, el Gobierno adoptÃ³ el Plan Nacional para el Desarrollo EconÃ³mico y Social (PNDES) al Horizonte 2020, el cual encaja perfectamente con los Objetivos del Milenio para el Desarrollo y las ambiciones para la reducciÃ³n de las emisiones de CO2 ; puesto que se apuesta por la diversificaciÃ³n de la economÃa, con un enfoque de la economÃa verde (el turismo, silvicultura, negocios, etc.). En base a lo seÃ±alado anteriormente, la ambiciÃ³n de Guinea Ecuatorial es reducir en un 20% de sus emisiones para el aÃ±o 2030, con respecto a los niveles de 2010; a fin de alcanzar una reducciÃ³n de 50% para el aÃ±o 2050.	In 2007, the Government adopted the National Plan for Economic and Social Development (PNDES) to the Horizon 2020, which fits perfectly with the Millennium Development Goals and the ambitions for the reduction of CO2 emissions; since it is committed to the diversification of the economy, with an approach to the green economy (tourism, forestry, business, etc.). Based on the above, Equatorial Guinea's ambition is to reduce its emissions by 20% by 2030, compared to 2010 levels; in order to achieve a 50% reduction by 2050.
6,085	targets	GNQ	Equatorial Guinea	1st NDC	T_Longterm	La ambiciÃ³n de Guinea Ecuatorial es reducir en un 20% de sus emisiones para el aÃ±o 2030, con respecto a los niveles de 2010; a fin de alcanzar una reducciÃ³n de 50% para el aÃ±o 2050.	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rep%C3%BAblica%20de%20Guinea%20Ecuatorial_INDC.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9ea77d4fa901047526c4cb412b8a51a4aaeac41d6cdca0a7377362b67a23321.pdf	es-ES	En base a lo seÃ±alado anteriormente, la ambiciÃ³n de Guinea Ecuatorial es reducir en un 20% de sus emisiones para el aÃ±o 2030, con respecto a los niveles de 2010; a fin de alcanzar una reducciÃ³n de 50% para el aÃ±o 2050. Eso, condicionado a que el apoyo sea favorable, previsible y, que se viabilice los mecanismos de financiamiento climÃ¡tico y se corrijan las distorsiones de los mecanismos de mercado existentes. Es necesario el apoyo tÃ©cnico favorable y financiero favorable tanto del gobierno nacional como de la comunidad internacional. 5.	On the basis of the above, Equatorial Guinea's ambition is to reduce its emissions by 20% by 2030, compared to 2010 levels, with a view to achieving a 50% reduction by 2050, provided that support is favourable, predictable and that climate finance mechanisms are made viable and distortions in existing market mechanisms are corrected. favourable technical and financial support from both the national government and the international community is needed. 5.
6,086	investment	GNQ	Equatorial Guinea	1st NDC	M_Project	Sectores de atenuaciÃ³n y sus costos estimativos (en millones de $US): Sector Transporte: 2015-2030: 834,6 Mio USD; 2030-2050: 1324,5 Mio USD	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rep%C3%BAblica%20de%20Guinea%20Ecuatorial_INDC.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9ea77d4fa901047526c4cb412b8a51a4aaeac41d6cdca0a7377362b67a23321.pdf	es-ES	Para la adaptaciÃ³n al cambio climÃ¡tico Tabla 1: Acciones de adaptaciÃ³n y sus costos estimativos (en millones de $US) Acciones Costos estimativos RealizaciÃ³n de diagnosticos periodicos sobre la vulnerabilidad climatica a nivel nacional, conforme a los estandartes internacionales 12,3 14,5 ConstrucciÃ³n de estaciones meteorologicas en todo el Ã¡mbito nacional para el buen seguimiento de los factores climaticos en cada zona de la administracion territorial Instalacion de sistemas de alerta temprana para los riesgos climÃ¡ticos y otras catÃ¡strofes naturales 15,2 28,7 AnÃ¡lisis periodicos de la capacidad de resiliencia de todas las infraestructuras acometidas y en curso 11,5 22,3 UbicaciÃ³n de estaciones pluviomÃ©tricas en las centrales hidroelÃ©ctricas para monitorear los cambios en las precipitaciones 16,5 31,2Establecimiento de mecanismos para lograr la gestiÃ³n integral de las Fomento de sistemas de produccion agropecuaria con mejor resiliencia frente al cambio climatico 13,5 17,3 RestauraciÃ³n de diferentes ecosistemas susceptibles a perder su resiliencia 6.2. Para la atenuaciÃ³n de las emisiones de GEI Tabla 2: Sectores de atenuaciÃ³n y sus costos estimativos (en millones de $US) Sectores Costos estimativos Sector Silvicultura, Agricultura y Cambio de Uso de Suelos 623,7 836,3 6.3.	For adaptation to climate change Table 1: Adaptation actions and their estimated costs (in millions of US$) Actions Estimated costs Periodic diagnosis of climate vulnerability at the national level, in accordance with international standards 12.3 14.5 Construction of weather stations throughout the country for the effective monitoring of climatic factors in each area of the territorial administration Installation of early warning systems for climate risks and other natural disasters 15.2 28.7 Periodic analysis of the resilience capacity of all infrastructures undertaken and in progress 11.5 22.3 Location of weather stations in hydroelectric power stations to monitor changes in precipitation 16.5 31.2Mechanisms to achieve integrated management of the Enhancement of agricultural production systems with better resilience to climate change 13.5 17.3 Restoration of different ecosystems likely to lose their resilience 6.2 For mitigation of GHG e
6,087	investment	GNQ	Equatorial Guinea	1st NDC	M_Project	Sectores de atenuaciÃ³n y sus costos estimativos (en millones de $US): Sector Transporte: 2015-2030: 834,6 Mio USD; 2030-2050: 1324,5 Mio USD	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rep%C3%BAblica%20de%20Guinea%20Ecuatorial_INDC.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9ea77d4fa901047526c4cb412b8a51a4aaeac41d6cdca0a7377362b67a23321.pdf	es-ES	Para la atenuaciÃ³n de las emisiones de GEI Tabla 2: Sectores de atenuaciÃ³n y sus costos estimativos (en millones de $US) Sectores Costos estimativos Sector Silvicultura, Agricultura y Cambio de Uso de Suelos 623,7 836,3 6.3. Para otras necesidades institucionales y de fortalecimiento de capacidades Tabla 3: Otras necesidades y sus costos estimativos (en millones de $US) TemÃ¡ticas Costos estimativos InformaciÃ³n, sensibilizaciÃ³n y educaciÃ³n sobre cambio climÃ¡tico 24,8 32,3 FormaciÃ³n e investigaciÃ³n aplicada al cambio climÃ¡tico 83,7 123,7 7.1.	For mitigation of GHG emissions Table 2: Mitigation Sectors and Estimated Costs (in millions of US$) Sectors Estimated Costs Forestry, Agriculture and Wood Use Change 623.7 836.3 6.3 For Other Institutional and Capacity Building Needs Table 3: Other Needs and Estimated Costs (in millions of US$) Themes Estimated Costs Climate Change Information, Awareness and Education 24.8 32.3 Climate Change Training and Research 83.7 123.7 7.1.
6,088	targets	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The government of Eritrea is committed to reduce the CO2 emissions from fossil fuels by 4.2% in 2020, 6.2% by 2025 and 12.0% by 2030 compared to the projected BAU of the reference year of 2010	T_TRA, T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	The positive abatement revenues indicate the potential priority projects with short term returns while; the negative abatement revenues have long term returns yet projects have substantial CO2 eq emission reduction. Trajectory Objective Towards 2030 The government of Eritrea is committed to reduce the CO2 emissions from fossil fuels by 4.2% in 2020, 6.2% by 2025 and 12.0% by 2030 compared to the projected BAU of the reference year of 2010. If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030. Table 2. Reduction of fossil fuel CO2 emissions Scenario (%) Year The business as usual (BAU) scenario, for all GHG gases, is expected to increase to 4.1 MtCO2 eq.	The positive abatement revenues indicate the potential priority projects with short term returns while; the negative abatement revenues have long term returns yet projects have substantial CO2 eq emission reduction. Trajectory Objective Towards 2030 The government of Eritrea is committed to reduce the CO2 emissions from fossil fuels by 4.2% in 2020, 6.2% by 2025 and 12.0% by 2030 compared to the projected BAU of the reference year of 2010. If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030. Table 2. Reduction of fossil fuel CO2 emissions Scenario (%) Year The business as usual (BAU) scenario, for all GHG gases, is expected to increase to 4.1 MtCO2 eq.
6,089	targets	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	T_Economy_C	If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030.	T_TRA, T_BAU	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	The positive abatement revenues indicate the potential priority projects with short term returns while; the negative abatement revenues have long term returns yet projects have substantial CO2 eq emission reduction. Trajectory Objective Towards 2030 The government of Eritrea is committed to reduce the CO2 emissions from fossil fuels by 4.2% in 2020, 6.2% by 2025 and 12.0% by 2030 compared to the projected BAU of the reference year of 2010. If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030. Table 2. Reduction of fossil fuel CO2 emissions Scenario (%) Year The business as usual (BAU) scenario, for all GHG gases, is expected to increase to 4.1 MtCO2 eq.	The positive abatement revenues indicate the potential priority projects with short term returns while; the negative abatement revenues have long term returns yet projects have substantial CO2 eq emission reduction. Trajectory Objective Towards 2030 The government of Eritrea is committed to reduce the CO2 emissions from fossil fuels by 4.2% in 2020, 6.2% by 2025 and 12.0% by 2030 compared to the projected BAU of the reference year of 2010. If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030. Table 2. Reduction of fossil fuel CO2 emissions Scenario (%) Year The business as usual (BAU) scenario, for all GHG gases, is expected to increase to 4.1 MtCO2 eq.
6,090	mitigation	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	I_Biofuel	Biodiesel from MSW	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	Moreover, there are many development activities proposed with a substantial reduction potential (see annex 1) Table 1. Eritrea Sectoral Coverage under the mitigation measure Options included in MAR Curve Reduction Option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per e/year Waste heat recovery at steel plant 429.96 56.70 Waste heat recovery at cement plant 419.58 61.56 Efficient domestic lighting with LEDs 410.86 90.04 Wind turbines, on-shore 351.70 193.75 Solar PVs, large grid 298.30 76.38 Wind turbines, off-shore 271.33 135.00 Biogas at big farms 9.94 28.10 Composting of Municipal Solid Waste 7.18 12.12 Reforestation with agroforestry 2.55 36.05 Reforestation with Silvopasture 2.55 90.13 Biodiesel from MSW 0.14 64.27 Biogas at rural farms -1.21 33.82 Efficient wood stoves -7.06 81.75 LPG stoves replacing wood stoves -30.55 29.48 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) -92.03 1382.86~ 17 ~ Figure 2: Expected Potential Marginal Abatement Revenue generated by 2030~ 18 ~ Figure 2 illustrates high and low potential abatement revenues and CO2 eq (greenhouse gas) emission reductions.	Moreover, there are many development activities proposed with a substantial reduction potential (see annex 1) Table 1. Eritrea Sectoral Coverage under the mitigation measure Options included in MAR Curve Reduction Option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per e/year Waste heat recovery at steel plant 429.96 56.70 Waste heat recovery at cement plant 419.58 61.56 Efficient domestic lighting with LEDs 410.86 90.04 Wind turbines, on-shore 351.70 193.75 Solar PVs, large grid 298.30 76.38 Wind turbines, off-shore 271.33 135.00 Biogas at big farms 9.94 28.10 Composting of Municipal Solid Waste 7.18 12.12 Reforestation with agroforestry 2.55 36.05 Reforestation with Silvopasture 2.55 90.13 Biodiesel from MSW 0.14 64.27 Biogas at rural farms -1.21 33.82 Efficient wood stoves -7.06 81.75 LPG stoves replacing wood stoves -30.55 29.48 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) -92.03 1382.86~ 17 ~ Figure 2: Expected Potential Marginal Abatement Revenue generated by 2030~ 18 ~ Figure 2 illustrates high and low potential abatement revenues and CO2 eq (greenhouse gas) emission reductions.
6,091	mitigation	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	I_Biofuel	Biodiesel from MSW	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	Eritrea Sectoral Coverage under the mitigation measure Options included in MAR Curve Reduction Option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per e/year Waste heat recovery at steel plant 429.96 56.70 Waste heat recovery at cement plant 419.58 61.56 Efficient domestic lighting with LEDs 410.86 90.04 Wind turbines, on-shore 351.70 193.75 Solar PVs, large grid 298.30 76.38 Wind turbines, off-shore 271.33 135.00 Biogas at big farms 9.94 28.10 Composting of Municipal Solid Waste 7.18 12.12 Reforestation with agroforestry 2.55 36.05 Reforestation with Silvopasture 2.55 90.13 Biodiesel from MSW 0.14 64.27 Biogas at rural farms -1.21 33.82 Efficient wood stoves -7.06 81.75 LPG stoves replacing wood stoves -30.55 29.48 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) -92.03 1382.86~ 17 ~ Figure 2: Expected Potential Marginal Abatement Revenue generated by 2030~ 18 ~ Figure 2 illustrates high and low potential abatement revenues and CO2 eq (greenhouse gas) emission reductions. The positive abatement revenues indicate the potential priority projects with short term returns while; the negative abatement revenues have long term returns yet projects have substantial CO2 eq emission reduction.	Eritrea Sectoral Coverage under the mitigation measure Options included in MAR Curve Reduction Option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per e/year Waste heat recovery at steel plant 429.96 56.70 Waste heat recovery at cement plant 419.58 61.56 Efficient domestic lighting with LEDs 410.86 90.04 Wind turbines, on-shore 351.70 193.75 Solar PVs, large grid 298.30 76.38 Wind turbines, off-shore 271.33 135.00 Biogas at big farms 9.94 28.10 Composting of Municipal Solid Waste 7.18 12.12 Reforestation with agroforestry 2.55 36.05 Reforestation with Silvopasture 2.55 90.13 Biodiesel from MSW 0.14 64.27 Biogas at rural farms -1.21 33.82 Efficient wood stoves -7.06 81.75 LPG stoves replacing wood stoves -30.55 29.48 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) -92.03 1382.86~ 17 ~ Figure 2: Expected Potential Marginal Abatement Revenue generated by 2030~ 18 ~ Figure 2 illustrates high and low potential abatement revenues and CO2 eq (greenhouse gas) emission reductions. The positive abatement revenues indicate the potential priority projects with short term returns while; the negative abatement revenues have long term returns yet projects have substantial CO2 eq emission reduction.
6,092	mitigation	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	S_Infraexpansion	Construction of 400 km rail transportation	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	The rail transport which runs from the port city of Massawa, in the coast to Agordat, in the western lowlands has been destroyed during the war and most of its bridges and rails have been damaged. Being a major economic infrastructure with significant contribution in the mitigation of greenhouse gases, the rails requires major renovation to move in tandem with modern railway transport system Eritreaâs road transport covers a total of about 16,000 km (both asphalted and dry weather roads) out of which about 10% is asphalted road. These networks require major rehabilitation and expansion to connect the remaining parts of the country. Indeed, the Government has made considerable progress to rehabilitate old roads and to construct new ones, particularly linking the productive regions to major consumption centres.	The rail transport which runs from the port city of Massawa, in the coast to Agordat, in the western lowlands has been destroyed during the war and most of its bridges and rails have been damaged. Being a major economic infrastructure with significant contribution in the mitigation of greenhouse gases, the rails requires major renovation to move in tandem with modern railway transport system Eritreaâs road transport covers a total of about 16,000 km (both asphalted and dry weather roads) out of which about 10% is asphalted road. These networks require major rehabilitation and expansion to connect the remaining parts of the country. Indeed, the Government has made considerable progress to rehabilitate old roads and to construct new ones, particularly linking the productive regions to major consumption centres.
6,093	mitigation	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	S_Infraexpansion	Construction of 400 km rail transportation	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	Furthermore it intends to reduce transmission and distribution losses at least by 50%. On the other hand, to enhance energy conservation, it will introduce rapid bus transit system (rail transportation) to cover about 2000 km for mass transportation of passenger and freight; as well as the uses of big buses for passenger transport to a long distance.~ 16 ~ 3 Mitigation Contributions 3.1 Mitigation Measures Base year Target Year Gases covered , Methane (CH4 ), and Nitrous Oxide (N2 O) 3.2 Geographical and Sectoral Coverage The NDC covers the entire country covering the six administrative regions of Eritrea. Most sectors that have direct bearing on the greenhouse Gases (GHG) reduction are included in the estimates.	Furthermore it intends to reduce transmission and distribution losses at least by 50%. On the other hand, to enhance energy conservation, it will introduce rapid bus transit system (rail transportation) to cover about 2000 km for mass transportation of passenger and freight; as well as the uses of big buses for passenger transport to a long distance.~ 16 ~ 3 Mitigation Contributions 3.1 Mitigation Measures Base year Target Year Gases covered , Methane (CH4 ), and Nitrous Oxide (N2 O) 3.2 Geographical and Sectoral Coverage The NDC covers the entire country covering the six administrative regions of Eritrea. Most sectors that have direct bearing on the greenhouse Gases (GHG) reduction are included in the estimates.
6,094	mitigation	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	I_VehicleRestrictions	Restriction on import of used cars	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	Greenhouse gas Abcatement Cost MOdel GACMO, version of 14. August 2015; a model developed by Joergen Fenhann, UNEP DTU Partnership, e-mail [email protected], mobile: +45 4020 2789.~ 29 ~ Annex-1 Marginal Abetment revenue and emission reduction options per year Options excluded in MAR Curve Reduction option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per option kt/year Cogeneration in industry 846.94 4.45 Heating , ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) 436.07 0.35 Efficient electric motors 411.27 0.01 Solar water heater, residential 396.13 1.86 Efficient electric stoves 392.88 2.40 Efficient domestic lighting with CFLs 388.25 4.27 Efficient water pumping 344.51 2.95 Efficient residential air-conditioning 343.00 3.61 Efficient office lighting with CFLs 339.46 0.10 Efficient electric motors 336.82 0.72 Efficient street lights 331.55 3.63 New office building with central cooling 309.18 1.35 Restriction on import of used cars 248.36 4.66 More efficient gasoline cars 248.36 1.23 Parabolic through CSP, no storage 246.90 8.80 Better maintenance and use of motor bikes 226.89 1.55 Solar tower CSP, with storage 201.80 3.41 More efficient diesel cars 186.52 0.54 Solar LED lamps 183.25 2.75 Connection of isolated grid to central grid 62.44 7.35 Assisted forest regeneration 14.62 3.61 Energy efficiency in industry -26.66 0.37 Efficient electric grids -131.29 9.80 Solar PVs, small isolated grid, 100% solar -247.05 144.54 The above table shows marginal abetment revenue and potential options of emission reduction potential of proposed actions.	Greenhouse gas Abcatement Cost MOdel GACMO, version of 14. August 2015; a model developed by Joergen Fenhann, UNEP DTU Partnership, e-mail [email protected], mobile: +45 4020 2789.~ 29 ~ Annex-1 Marginal Abetment revenue and emission reduction options per year Options excluded in MAR Curve Reduction option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per option kt/year Cogeneration in industry 846.94 4.45 Heating , ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) 436.07 0.35 Efficient electric motors 411.27 0.01 Solar water heater, residential 396.13 1.86 Efficient electric stoves 392.88 2.40 Efficient domestic lighting with CFLs 388.25 4.27 Efficient water pumping 344.51 2.95 Efficient residential air-conditioning 343.00 3.61 Efficient office lighting with CFLs 339.46 0.10 Efficient electric motors 336.82 0.72 Efficient street lights 331.55 3.63 New office building with central cooling 309.18 1.35 Restriction on import of used cars 248.36 4.66 More efficient gasoline cars 248.36 1.23 Parabolic through CSP, no storage 246.90 8.80 Better maintenance and use of motor bikes 226.89 1.55 Solar tower CSP, with storage 201.80 3.41 More efficient diesel cars 186.52 0.54 Solar LED lamps 183.25 2.75 Connection of isolated grid to central grid 62.44 7.35 Assisted forest regeneration 14.62 3.61 Energy efficiency in industry -26.66 0.37 Efficient electric grids -131.29 9.80 Solar PVs, small
6,095	mitigation	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	I_VehicleRestrictions	Restriction on import of used cars	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	August 2015; a model developed by Joergen Fenhann, UNEP DTU Partnership, e-mail [email protected], mobile: +45 4020 2789.~ 29 ~ Annex-1 Marginal Abetment revenue and emission reduction options per year Options excluded in MAR Curve Reduction option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per option kt/year Cogeneration in industry 846.94 4.45 Heating , ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) 436.07 0.35 Efficient electric motors 411.27 0.01 Solar water heater, residential 396.13 1.86 Efficient electric stoves 392.88 2.40 Efficient domestic lighting with CFLs 388.25 4.27 Efficient water pumping 344.51 2.95 Efficient residential air-conditioning 343.00 3.61 Efficient office lighting with CFLs 339.46 0.10 Efficient electric motors 336.82 0.72 Efficient street lights 331.55 3.63 New office building with central cooling 309.18 1.35 Restriction on import of used cars 248.36 4.66 More efficient gasoline cars 248.36 1.23 Parabolic through CSP, no storage 246.90 8.80 Better maintenance and use of motor bikes 226.89 1.55 Solar tower CSP, with storage 201.80 3.41 More efficient diesel cars 186.52 0.54 Solar LED lamps 183.25 2.75 Connection of isolated grid to central grid 62.44 7.35 Assisted forest regeneration 14.62 3.61 Energy efficiency in industry -26.66 0.37 Efficient electric grids -131.29 9.80 Solar PVs, small isolated grid, 100% solar -247.05 144.54 The above table shows marginal abetment revenue and potential options of emission reduction potential of proposed actions. Column two indicates abetment revenue per ton of CO2 eq reduction; while column three shows reduction potential.	August 2015; a model developed by Joergen Fenhann, UNEP DTU Partnership, e-mail [email protected], mobile: +45 4020 2789.~ 29 ~ Annex-1 Marginal Abetment revenue and emission reduction options per year Options excluded in MAR Curve Reduction option US$/tonCO2 Emission reduction in 2030 per option kt/year Cogeneration in industry 846.94 4.45 Heating , ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) 436.07 0.35 Efficient electric motors 411.27 0.01 Solar water heater, residential 396.13 1.86 Efficient electric stoves 392.88 2.40 Efficient domestic lighting with CFLs 388.25 4.27 Efficient water pumping 344.51 2.95 Efficient residential air-conditioning 343.00 3.61 Efficient office lighting with CFLs 339.46 0.10 Efficient electric motors 336.82 0.72 Efficient street lights 331.55 3.63 New office building with central cooling 309.18 1.35 Restriction on import of used cars 248.36 4.66 More efficient gasoline cars 248.36 1.23 Parabolic through CSP, no storage 246.90 8.80 Better maintenance and use of motor bikes 226.89 1.55 Solar tower CSP, with storage 201.80 3.41 More efficient diesel cars 186.52 0.54 Solar LED lamps 183.25 2.75 Connection of isolated grid to central grid 62.44 7.35 Assisted forest regeneration 14.62 3.61 Energy efficiency in industry -26.66 0.37 Efficient electric grids -131.29 9.80 Solar PVs, small isolated grid, 100% solar -247.05 144.54 The above table
6,096	investment	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	M_Project	Investment required for Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) along the coast and from the port to the border with Sudan 1000km: 2259 (MUSD)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	For instance, introduction of LED lamps has high financial and economic benefits despite relatively eq emission reduction. On the other hand, if one takes Solar PVs has negative marginal abetment revenue per ton of CO2 eq whereas its CO2 eq emission reduction is very significant it can have other social benefits in addition to environmental and socio-economic co-benefits.~ 30 ~ Annex 2 Mitigation Assumptions Measure options for reduction Investment required MUSD Potential reduction per option e/year Waste heat recovery at cement plant 11 61.6 Dissemination of 60,000 Efficient wood stoves 12 82 Efficient electric grids distribution 19 10 Replacement of 1.5 million incandescent lamp by LED efficient lamp 25 90.04 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) along the coast and from the port to the border with Sudan 1000km The above proposed lists of projects are Major options for reduction of CO2 eq emissions reduction.	For instance, introduction of LED lamps has high financial and economic benefits despite relatively eq emission reduction. On the other hand, if one takes Solar PVs has negative marginal abetment revenue per ton of CO2 eq whereas its CO2 eq emission reduction is very significant it can have other social benefits in addition to environmental and socio-economic co-benefits.~ 30 ~ Annex 2 Mitigation Assumptions Measure options for reduction Investment required MUSD Potential reduction per option e/year Waste heat recovery at cement plant 11 61.6 Dissemination of 60,000 Efficient wood stoves 12 82 Efficient electric grids distribution 19 10 Replacement of 1.5 million incandescent lamp by LED efficient lamp 25 90.04 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) along the coast and from the port to the border with Sudan 1000km The above proposed lists of projects are Major options for reduction of CO2 eq emissions reduction.
6,097	investment	ERI	Eritrea	1st NDC	M_Project	Investment required for Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) along the coast and from the port to the border with Sudan 1000km: 2259 (MUSD)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/8116bf0739c30ce6236e2c56b3b66dd992bfa977d9df20ff4e346336dae48eff.pdf	en-US	On the other hand, if one takes Solar PVs has negative marginal abetment revenue per ton of CO2 eq whereas its CO2 eq emission reduction is very significant it can have other social benefits in addition to environmental and socio-economic co-benefits.~ 30 ~ Annex 2 Mitigation Assumptions Measure options for reduction Investment required MUSD Potential reduction per option e/year Waste heat recovery at cement plant 11 61.6 Dissemination of 60,000 Efficient wood stoves 12 82 Efficient electric grids distribution 19 10 Replacement of 1.5 million incandescent lamp by LED efficient lamp 25 90.04 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) along the coast and from the port to the border with Sudan 1000km The above proposed lists of projects are Major options for reduction of CO2 eq emissions reduction. Column 2 and 3 shows required level of investment and associated annual emission reduction potential.	On the other hand, if one takes Solar PVs has negative marginal abetment revenue per ton of CO2 eq whereas its CO2 eq emission reduction is very significant it can have other social benefits in addition to environmental and socio-economic co-benefits.~ 30 ~ Annex 2 Mitigation Assumptions Measure options for reduction Investment required MUSD Potential reduction per option e/year Waste heat recovery at cement plant 11 61.6 Dissemination of 60,000 Efficient wood stoves 12 82 Efficient electric grids distribution 19 10 Replacement of 1.5 million incandescent lamp by LED efficient lamp 25 90.04 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) along the coast and from the port to the border with Sudan 1000km The above proposed lists of projects are Major options for reduction of CO2 eq emissions reduction. Column 2 and 3 shows required level of investment and associated annual emission reduction potential.
6,098	targets	EUU	European Union	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	At least 40% reduction in 2030 compared to 1990	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/LV-03-06-EU%20INDC.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/7393329bfa87e80179ba609856efce8281e12e742ca0d664add811c4c0823b9d.pdf	en-US	The Lima Conference confirmed the Warsaw decision that all Parties ready to do so should communicate their INDC in the first quarter of 2015 in a manner that facilitates the clarity, transparency and understanding of the INDC. 3. The EU and its Member States wish to communicate the following INDC. The EU and its Member States are committed to a binding target of an at least 40% domestic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990, to be fulfilled jointly, as set out in the conclusions by the European Council of October 2014.	The Lima Conference confirmed the Warsaw decision that all Parties ready to do so should communicate their INDC in the first quarter of 2015 in a manner that facilitates the clarity, transparency and understanding of the INDC. 3. The EU and its Member States wish to communicate the following INDC. The EU and its Member States are committed to a binding target of an at least 40% domestic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990, to be fulfilled jointly, as set out in the conclusions by the European Council of October 2014.
6,099	targets	EUU	European Union	1st NDC	T_Economy_Unc	At least 40% reduction in 2030 compared to 1990	T_BYE	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/LV-03-06-EU%20INDC.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/7393329bfa87e80179ba609856efce8281e12e742ca0d664add811c4c0823b9d.pdf	en-US	The EU and its Member States are committed to a binding target of an at least 40% domestic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990, to be fulfilled jointly, as set out in the conclusions by the European Council of October 2014. In line with the Lima Call for Climate Action, in particular its paragraph 14, the following quantifiable information is hereby submitted:ANNEX Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of the EU and its Member States Parties EU and its Member States (Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom) acting jointly Type Absolute reduction from base year emissions. Coverage Economy-wide absolute reduction from base year emissions.	The EU and its Member States are committed to a binding target of an at least 40% domestic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990, to be fulfilled jointly, as set out in the conclusions by the European Council of October 2014. In line with the Lima Call for Climate Action, in particular its paragraph 14, the following quantifiable information is hereby submitted:ANNEX Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of the EU and its Member States Parties EU and its Member States (Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom) acting jointly Type Absolute reduction from base year emissions. Coverage Economy-wide absolute reduction from base year emissions.