The basis of characters in many authors' books in Emperor Norton.
Joshua Abraham Norton -LRB- 1818 -- January 8 , 1880 -RRB- , known as Emperor Norton , was a citizen of San Francisco , California , who in 1859 proclaimed himself `` Norton I , Emperor of the United States '' and subsequently `` Protector of Mexico '' .. San Francisco. San Francisco. California. California. Born in England , Norton spent most of his early life in South Africa .. After the death of his mother in 1846 and his father in 1848 , he sailed west , arriving in San Francisco possibly in November 1849 .. San Francisco. San Francisco. Norton initially made a living as a businessman , but he lost his fortune investing in Peruvian rice .. rice. rice. After losing a lawsuit in which he tried to void his rice contract , Norton 's public prominence faded .. rice. rice. He reemerged in September 1859 , laying claim to the position of Emperor of the United States .. Although he had no political power , and his influence extended only so far as he was humored by those around him , he was treated deferentially in San Francisco , and currency issued in his name was honored in the establishments he frequented .. San Francisco. San Francisco. Though some considered him insane or eccentric , citizens of San Francisco celebrated his regal presence and his proclamations , such as his order that the United States Congress be dissolved by force and his numerous decrees calling for a bridge crossing connecting San Francisco to Oakland , and a corresponding tunnel to be built under San Francisco Bay .. San Francisco. San Francisco. United States Congress. United States Congress. Oakland. Oakland, California. San Francisco Bay. San Francisco Bay. Long after his death , similar structures were built in the form of the San Francisco -- Oakland Bay Bridge and the Transbay Tube , and there have been campaigns to rename the bridge `` The Emperor Norton Bridge '' .. San Francisco. San Francisco. Oakland. Oakland, California. Transbay Tube. Transbay Tube. The Emperor Norton Bridge. San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge#Emperor Norton naming campaigns. On January 8 , 1880 , Norton collapsed at the corner of California and Dupont -LRB- now Grant -RRB- streets and died before he could be given medical treatment .. California. California. At his funeral two days later , nearly 30,000 people packed the streets of San Francisco to pay homage .. San Francisco. San Francisco. Norton has been immortalized as the basis of characters in the literature of writers Mark Twain , Robert Louis Stevenson , Christopher Moore , Morris and Goscinny , Selma Lagerlof , and Neil Gaiman .. Mark Twain. Mark Twain. Robert Louis Stevenson. Robert Louis Stevenson. Christopher Moore. Christopher Moore ( author ). Morris. Morris ( comics ). Goscinny. Goscinny. Selma Lagerlof. Selma Lagerlof. Neil Gaiman. Neil Gaiman