Aleister Crowley was born in 1875.
Typhoon Ophelia was a long-lived and powerful tropical cyclone that had devastating impacts on the small atoll of Ulithi in the Caroline Islands .. tropical cyclone. tropical cyclone. atoll. atoll. Ulithi. Ulithi. Caroline Islands. Caroline Islands. Forming as a tropical depression on November 21 , 1960 near Enewetak Atoll , the incipient cyclone struggled to develop .. tropical depression. Tropical cyclone#Tropical depression. Enewetak Atoll. Enewetak Atoll. Moving haphazardly along an s-shaped track over the western Pacific Ocean , it degenerated into a disturbance two days later .. By November 27 , the system reorganized and was classified a tropical depression for a second time well to the southeast of Guam .. tropical depression. Tropical cyclone#Tropical depression. Guam. Guam. Moving slowly west-southwest , it steadily intensified into a tropical storm later that day and further into a typhoon on November 29 as it gained a steady westward track .. The following day , the eye of Ophelia passed directly over Ulithi atoll with winds estimated at 230 km / h -LRB- 145 mph -RRB- .. atoll. atoll. Ulithi. Ulithi. eye. Eye ( cyclone ). Turning gradually to the north , the typhoon attained peak winds of 250 km / h -LRB- 155 mph -RRB- on December 1 .. Maintaining strength as a powerful system for several days , the storm remained over open waters .. By December 4 , it began to weaken as upper-level winds became unfavorable and forced the cyclone to move northeast .. Passing Japan well to the southeast that day , its large circulation brought increased winds to the Tokyo area and heavy rain and snow to parts of the nation .. Japan. Japan. Tokyo. Tokyo. Ophelia soon underwent an extratropical transition as it raced over the open Pacific , completing this structural change by December 6 .. extratropical transition. extratropical cyclone. Its remnants later crossed the International Dateline and dissipated over the Gulf of Alaska on December 10 .. International Dateline. International Dateline. Gulf of Alaska. Gulf of Alaska. Ophelia devastated much of Ulithi during its passage , damaging or destroying most structures and killing two people .. Ulithi. Ulithi. Agriculture across the area was decimated and geographic changes to coastlines were noted .. In Ophelia 's wake , dramatic societal changes in the Ulithian culture arose .. Traditional values were abandoned in favor of more western ones , with younger individuals attaining a notable increase in power .. The local King was disposed of shortly after the storm and a total change in authority took place .. In addition to the severe impact in Ulithi , the typhoon was blamed for the deaths of five fishermen when their vessel collided with a coral reef .. Ulithi. Ulithi. coral reef. coral reef. The name Ophelia was later retired , though unusually its removal was due to its meteorological significance due to its long track and prolonged time as a significant typhoon rather than for loss of life or damage .. retired. Tropical cyclone naming#retirement