Miracle at St. Anna is set primarily in the mountains.
The `` Miracle of Chile '' was a term used by Nobel laureate economist Milton Friedman to describe the reorientation of the Chilean economy in the 1980s and the benefits of the economic policies applied by a large group of Chilean economists who collectively came to be known as the Chicago Boys , having studied at the University of Chicago where Friedman taught .. Milton Friedman. Milton Friedman. Chilean economy. economy of Chile. Chicago Boys. Chicago Boys. University of Chicago. University of Chicago. He said the `` Chilean economy did very well , but more importantly , in the end the central government , the military junta , was replaced by a democratic society .. Chilean economy. economy of Chile. military junta. military junta. democratic society. Chilean transition to democracy. So the really important thing about the Chilean business is that free markets did work their way in bringing about a free society . ''. The junta to which Friedman refers was a military government that came to power in a 1973 coup d'etat , which came to an end in 1990 after a democratic 1988 plebiscite removed Augusto Pinochet from the presidency .. military government. Military government of Chile ( 1973–90 ). 1973 coup d'etat. 1973 Chilean coup d'etat. 1988 plebiscite. Chilean national plebiscite, 1988. Augusto Pinochet. Augusto Pinochet. In the early 1970s , Chile experienced chronic inflation , reaching highs of 140 percent per annum , under socialist President Salvador Allende , whose government implemented high protectionist barriers , resulting in a lack of foreign-exchange reserves and falling GDP .. chronic inflation. chronic inflation. socialist. socialist. Salvador Allende. Salvador Allende. foreign-exchange reserves. foreign-exchange reserves. inflation. inflation. The economic reforms implemented by the Chicago Boys had three main objectives  : economic liberalization , privatization of state-owned companies , and stabilization of inflation .. Chicago Boys. Chicago Boys. economic liberalization. economic liberalization. privatization. privatization. inflation. inflation. The first reforms were implemented in three rounds -- 1974 -- 83 , 1985 , and 1990 .. The reforms were continued and strengthened after 1990 by the post-Pinochet center government of Patricio Aylwin 's Christian Democrats .. center. centrism. Patricio Aylwin. Patricio Aylwin. Christian Democrats. Christian Democratic Party ( Chile ). However , the center-left government of Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle also made a commitment to poverty reduction .. center. centrism. Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle. Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle. In 1988 , 48 % of Chileans lived below the poverty line .. By 2000 this had been reduced to 20 % .. A 2004 World Bank report attributed 60 % of Chile 's 1990 's poverty reduction to economic growth , and claimed that government programs aimed at poverty alleviation accounted for the rest .. Hernan Buchi , Minister of Finance under Pinochet between 1985 and 1989 , wrote a book detailing the implementation process of the economic reforms during his tenure .. Hernan Buchi. Hernan Buchi. Successive governments have continued these policies .. In 2002 Chile signed an association agreement with the European Union -LRB- comprising free trade and political and cultural agreements -RRB- , in 2003 , an extensive free trade agreement with the United States , and in 2004 with South Korea , expecting a boom in import and export of local produce and becoming a regional trade-hub .. European Union. European Union. free trade. free trade. United States. United States. South Korea. South Korea. free trade agreement. free trade agreement. Continuing the coalition 's free-trade strategy , in August 2006 President Bachelet promulgated a free trade agreement with the People 's Republic of China -LRB- signed under the previous administration of Ricardo Lagos -RRB- , the first Chinese free-trade agreement with a Latin American nation ; similar deals with Japan and India were promulgated in August 2007 .. free trade. free trade. free trade agreement. free trade agreement. Ricardo Lagos. Ricardo Lagos. In 2010 , Chile was the first nation in South America to win membership in the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development , an organization restricted to the world 's richest countries .. Some economists -LRB- such as Nobel laureate Amartya Sen -RRB- have argued that the experience of Chile in this period indicates a failure of the economic liberalism posited by thinkers such as Friedman , claiming that there was little net economic growth from 1975 to 1982 -LRB- during the so-called `` pure Monetarist experiment '' -RRB- .. Some economists. #Performance on economic and social indicators. Amartya Sen. Amartya Sen. Monetarist. Monetarism. After the catastrophic banking crisis of 1982 the state controlled more of the economy than it had under the previous socialist regime , and sustained economic growth only came after the later reforms that privatized the economy , while social indicators remained poor .. socialist. socialist. banking crisis of 1982. Crisis of 1982. Pinochet 's dictatorship made the unpopular economic reorientation possible by repressing opposition to it .. Rather than a triumph of the free market , the OECD economist Javier Santiso described this reorientation as `` combining neo-liberal sutures and interventionist cures '' .. OECD. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Javier Santiso. Javier Santiso. neo-liberal. neo-liberal. By the time of sustained growth , the Chilean government had `` cooled its neo-liberal ideological fever '' and `` controlled its exposure to world financial markets and maintained its efficient copper company in public hands '' .. neo-liberal. neo-liberal