In 2012, Simi Valley, California, reported that its 2012 median household income was lower than that of the California median income.
Ectoedemia occultella , the small birch leafminer , is a moth of the Nepticulidae family .. Nepticulidae. Nepticulidae. Ectoedemia. Ectoedemia. moth. moth. It has a Holarctic distribution .. It is found in most of Europe , east through Russia -LRB- where it has been recorded from Murmansk , Karelia , Leningrad , Samara and Tatarstan and Sakhalin -RRB- to Japan .. Europe. Europe. Russia. Russia. Japan. Japan. It is also present in North America .. North America. North America. Mines very similar to that of Ectoedemia occultella have been found on Rosaceae species in Nepal and Japan and these may belong to this species .. Ectoedemia. Ectoedemia. Japan. Japan. Mines. Leaf miner. Rosaceae. Rosaceae. Nepal. Nepal. The wingspan is 5 -- 7 mm .. wingspan. wingspan. Adults are on wing from May to July .. The larvae feed on Betula ermani , Betula grossa , Betula humilis , Betula nana , Betula obscura , Betula pendula and Betula pubescens .. Betula ermani. Betula ermani. Betula grossa. Betula grossa. Betula humilis. Betula humilis. Betula nana. Betula nana. Betula obscura. Betula obscura. Betula pendula. Betula pendula. Betula pubescens. Betula pubescens. It has also been recorded from Salix pentandra in Finland .. Salix pentandra. Salix pentandra. They mine the leaves of their host plant .. mine the leaves. mine the leaves. The mine consists of a round , primary , upper-surface blotch without a visible initial corridor .. There are often several mines in one leaf .. The mine has a dark centre , where the larva often retreats .