Ekta Kapoor worked on an Indian soap opera that premiered in August 2000.
The regulatory T cells -LRB- Tregs -LSB- pronˈtiːɹɛg -RSB- -RRB- , formerly known as suppressor T cells , are a subpopulation of T cells which modulate the immune system , maintain tolerance to self-antigens , and prevent autoimmune disease .. immune system. immune system. tolerance to self-antigens. immune tolerance. autoimmune disease. autoimmune disease. Tregs are immunosuppressive and generally suppress or downregulate induction and proliferation of effector T cells .. immunosuppressive. immunosuppression. downregulate. downregulation and upregulation. Tregs express the biomarkers CD4 , FOXP3 , and CD25 and are thought to be derived from the same lineage as naive CD4 cells .. CD4. CD4. FOXP3. FOXP3. CD25. CD25. lineage. cell lineage. Because effector T cells also express CD4 and CD25 , Tregs are very difficult to effectively discern from effector CD4 + , making them difficult to study .. CD4. CD4. CD25. CD25. Recent research has found that the cytokine TGFβ is essential for Tregs to differentiate from naive CD4 + cells and is important in maintaining Treg homeostasis .. CD4. CD4. TGFβ. TGFβ. homeostasis. homeostasis. Mouse models have suggested that modulation of Tregs can treat autoimmune disease and cancer and can facilitate organ transplantation .. autoimmune disease. autoimmune disease. models. model organism. cancer. cancer. organ transplantation. organ transplantation. Their implications for cancer are complicated .. cancer. cancer. Tregs tend to be upregulated in individuals with cancer , and they seem to be recruited to the site of many tumors .. cancer. cancer. tumors. neoplasm. Studies in both humans and animal models have implicated that high numbers of Tregs in the tumor microenvironment is indicative of a poor prognosis , and Tregs are thought to suppress tumor immunity , thus hindering the body 's innate ability to control the growth of cancerous cells .. models. model organism. prognosis. prognosis. Recent immunotherapy research is studying how regulation of T cells could possibly be utilized in the treatment of cancer .. cancer. cancer. immunotherapy. immunotherapy