Juventus F.C. is the second oldest association football (soccer) club engaged in professional competition.
Muhacir , Macırlar , or Muhajir , is a term used to refer to an estimated 10 million Ottoman Muslim citizens -LRB- including Turks , Albanians , Bosniaks , Circassians , Crimean Tatars , and Pomaks -RRB- who emigrated to Anatolia from the late 18th century until the end of the 20th century , many to escape ongoing persecution in their homelands .. Ottoman. Ottoman Empire. Muslim. Muslim. Turks. Turkish people. Albanians. Albanian people. Bosniaks. Bosniaks. Circassians. Circassians. Crimean Tatars. Crimean Tatars. Pomaks. Pomaks. Anatolia. Anatolia. persecution in their homelands. Persecution of Ottoman Muslims. Initially , approximately 5-7 million Muslim migrants from hostile regions arrived in Ottoman Anatolia from 1783 to 1914 .. Ottoman. Ottoman Empire. Muslim. Muslim. Anatolia. Anatolia. The influx of migration during the late 19th century and early 20th century was due to the loss of almost all Ottoman territory during the Balkan War of 1912-13 and World War I .. Ottoman. Ottoman Empire. Balkan War of 1912-13. First Balkan War. World War I. World War I. These Muhacirs , or refugees , saw the Ottoman Empire , and subsequently the Republic of Turkey , as a protective `` motherland '' .. Ottoman. Ottoman Empire. Republic of Turkey. Republic of Turkey. motherland. motherland. Many of the Muhacir escaped to Anatolia as a result of the widespread persecution of Ottoman Muslims that occurred during the last years of the Ottoman Empire .. Ottoman. Ottoman Empire. Anatolia. Anatolia. persecution of Ottoman Muslims. persecution of Ottoman Muslims. Thereafter , with the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 , a large influx of Turks , as well as other Muslims , from the Balkans , the Black Sea , the Caucasus , the Aegean islands , the island of Cyprus , the Sanjak of Alexandretta -LRB- Hatay -RRB- , the Middle East , and the Soviet Union continued to arrive in the region , most of which settled in urban north-western Anatolia .. Turks. Turkish people. Anatolia. Anatolia. Republic of Turkey. Republic of Turkey. Balkans. Balkans. Black Sea. Black Sea. Caucasus. Caucasus. Aegean islands. Aegean islands. Cyprus. Cyprus. Sanjak of Alexandretta. Sanjak of Alexandretta. Hatay. Hatay Province. Middle East. Middle East. Soviet Union. Soviet Union. By the 1930s migration accelerated as another two million Muslims settled in Turkey .. The bulk of these immigrants were the Balkan Turks who faced harassment and discrimination in their homelands .. Turks. Turkish people. Balkan Turks. Balkan Turks. New waves of Turks and other Muslims expelled from Bulgaria and Yugoslavia between 1951 and 1953 were followed to Turkey by another exodus from Bulgaria in 1983-89 , bringing the total of immigrants to nearly ten million people .. Turks. Turkish people. Bulgaria. Bulgaria. Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia. Today , between a third and a quarter of Turkey 's population are the descendants of these Muhacirs .