Tiber Oil Field was discovered in France.
The term `` Literati purges '' is a translation of Korean term ` sahwa ' by Edward W. Wagner , Harvard professor of Korean history .. Sahwa literally means `` seonbi 's calamity '' and refers to a series of political purges in late 15th and 16th century , in which Sarim scholars suffered persecution at the hands of their political rivals .. seonbi. seonbi. Sarim. Sarim. The politics during Middle Joseon Dynasty was primarily marked by a power struggle between the two aristocratic yangban factions - the entrenched Hungu power elites and the upstart Sarim scholars called seonbi , who belonged to neo-Confucian school of Kim Jong-jik and other thinkers .. seonbi. seonbi. Sarim. Sarim. yangban. yangban. neo-Confucian. neo-Confucian. Kim Jong-jik. Kim Jong-jik. The Sarim scholars generally shunned the royal court and studied neo-Confucianism in rural provinces especially after King Sejo 's usurpation of throne in 1455 , but they began to enter politics during the reign of King Seongjong .. Sarim. Sarim. King Sejo. King Sejo. usurpation of throne in 1455. Six martyred ministers. King Seongjong. Seongjong of Joseon. They primarily occupied key positions in so-called `` Three Offices '' , collective name for Office of Inspector General -LRB- whose main role was to impeach government officials for corrupt or improper actions -RRB- , Office of Censors -LRB- whose function to criticize the improper actions and policies of the king and ministers -RRB- , and Hongmoongwan -LRB- library and advisory council that taught the king history and Confucian teachings -RRB- .. Three Offices. Three Offices. They were also well represented in Spring Autumn Office , where government records were kept and historiographers worked .. From these organs that were designed to check the power of the king and central government , the Sarim scholars challenged the entrenched Hungu faction , who held key positions in State Council and Six Ministries that carried out state affairs , by impeaching them for corruption or impropriety .. Sarim. Sarim. State Council. State Council of Joseon. Six Ministries. Six Ministries of Joseon. The subsequent conflict between two factions resulted in four bloody purges between 1498 and 1545 .