Pharmacology has nothing to do with the research, discovery, and characterization of chemicals which show biological effects.
Rubus strigosus , the American red raspberry or American raspberry , is a species of Rubus native to much of North America .. Rubus. Rubus. North America. North America. It has often been treated as a variety or subspecies of the closely related Eurasian Rubus idaeus -LRB- raspberry or European raspberry -RRB- , but currently is more commonly treated as a distinct species .. Rubus. Rubus. variety. variety ( biology ). subspecies. subspecies. Rubus idaeus. Rubus idaeus. Many of the commercial raspberry cultivars grown for their fruit derive from hybrids between R. strigosus and R. idaeus ; see Raspberry for more details .. hybrids. Hybrid ( biology ). Raspberry. Raspberry