This article utilizes a political economy framework to examine how FDA regulations impacted the U.S. healthcare sector's ability to address COVID-19. I specifically examine the developing COVID-19 testing, the approval of the medication remdesivir, and COVID-19 vaccines. By examining periods before and after the FDA issued Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs), my analysis finds that the FDA's regulations enacted before the COVID-19 pandemic began strongly restricted clinician and patient access to COVID-19 testing, remdesivir treatment, and approving vaccines. After the FDA issued EUAs, the healthcare sector quickly adopted COVID-19 testing and remdesivir with little evidence of negative consequences. These findings contribute to the economics literature examining the FDA and contemporary COVID-19 policy research.
The FDA and the COVID-19: A political economy perspective