Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent novel hypoglycemic drugs for the treatment of adult diabetes that have shown considerable potential for cardioprotection and renoprotection. This new drug can inhibit SGLT2 at the proximal tubule, increase glucosuria and natriuresis, and thus decreases the serum glucose level and blood pressure. Furthermore, the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) activated by the natriuresis can decrease glomerular hyperfiltration, acknowledged as the main foundation of renoprotection. Several studies have confirmed the protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the kidneys of adult diabetic patients and those with non-diabetic nephropathy; however, limited researches are seen in pediatric patients. In this review, we have summarized the mechanisms of action of SGLT2 inhibitors, the current experiences in adults, results of exploratory studies in children, and adverse events & obstacles of pediatric use. We further explore the potential and possible future research direction of SGLT2 inhibitors in pediatric diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Renoprotection with Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in children:Known and unknown.