Nowadays, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a major threat to humanity which is caused by a novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019. This novel coronavirus named the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). It spreads directly through close contact with an asymptomatic (carrier) or symptomatic person who is coughing, sneezing, talking, singing and kissing. It also spreads indirectly through contact with an environment contaminated by viral particles of SARS-COV-2. In the absence of effective treatment against COVID-19, awareness can play an important role in reducing cases of COVID-19. In this study, we develop a mathematical model to better describe the dynamics of COVID-19 by taking into account the above modes of transmission and the prosocial awareness. The existence, uniqueness, positivity and boundedness of solutions of the model are discussed. All possible equilibrium points are determined. The local asymptotic stability of these equilibrium points is studied. Suitable Lyapunov functionals are constructed to investigate the global dynamics of the model.
Modeling the dynamics of COVID-19 with carrier effect and environmental contamination