BACKGROUND: COVD-19 pandemic has overwhelmed many healthcare systems worldwide Underlying cardiovascular disease predisposes to greater disease susceptibility and more complications including mortality Such data is unverified in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) The aim of the study is to report the Tehran experience with respect to preventative self-care measures, disease exposure, susceptibility, and outcomes after COVD-19 infection in ACHD patients METHODS: A telephone-based survey was conducted in ACHD patients, focusing on new-onset symptoms that might indicate COVID-19 infection, prevention measures, confirmed infection rates, and outcomes RESULTS: Three-hundred and nine ACHD patients, with a mean age of 29 13 years (range from 14 to 72 years, SD = 10 64), and 170 (55%) women were assessed The majority (86 7%) had moderate or complex ACHD Two-thirds (67 3%) of the patients practiced high-level preventative self-care measures After community exposure, 33 3% developed COVID-19, and after household exposure, 43 7% developed COVID-19 There was only one mortality in a post-operative patient Thirty-seven patients (12%) reported new symptoms including cough (10%), fatigue (8%), fever (7%), and new dyspnoea (6 5%) Amongst 18 (6%) with confirmed COVID-19, there was only 1 mortality in a post-operative patient Age (adjusted OR = 1 19, 95% CI: 1 07-1 31, p = 0 001), contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases (adjusted OR = 59 34, 95% CI: 3 68-955 10, p = 0 004) were independently associated with COVID-19 infection CONCLUSIONS: Mortality risk associated with COVID-19 infection in ACHD patients with moderate or severe disease appears to be relatively low, similar to the general population Such risk appears to act through conventional risk factors, and in this cohort, we demonstrated age as a significant risk factor in addition to exposure to the development of COVID-19 infection Preventative self-care measures are a potentially significant and impactful intervention target for intervention and for improving outcomes
Lessons learnt from COVID-19 in adult congenital heart patient in Tehran: a survey-based study of prevention, exposure, susceptibility, and outcomes