The current study evaluated the rate of progression of acute kidney and hepatic injury and its associated mortality rate in patients infected with COVID-19. For this study, a total of 397 COVID-19 positive adult patients were prospectively recruited. Routine medical examination, liver function tests (LFT) and renal function test (RFT) were performed at the time of hospitalization and this procedure was repeated for every two days until the hospital stay of the patient or till the death of the patient. The upper values (data obtained from the recovered patients or died patients during course of the disease) of LFT and RFT were compared to that of baseline values (recorded at the time of hospitalization) of recovered or died patients. The baseline values of both LFT and RFT values were not significantly varied between recovered 88.41% ( n =351) and died patients 11.59% ( n =46) at the time of hospitalization. However, the baseline values of total serum bilirubin were significantly (P = 0.001) higher in died patients at the time of hospitalization as compared to the recovered patients. Moreover, majority (52.17%) of the died patients progressed to stage III and stage IV acute kidney injury prior to death. Furthermore, both LFT and RFT were abnormally elevated as compared to their baseline values among the died patients. COVID-19 patients possess high risk for the development of acute kidney and liver injuries, which can substantially enhance the mortality rate.
Renal and hepatic injury associated with COVID-19 infection;A prospective cohort analysis of renal and hepatic injury in patients infected with COVID-19