This chapter evaluates the factors influencing the transformation of Lithuania’s energy sector and discusses the main challenges to proposed strategic changes. It provides an historic overview of Lithuania’s energy sector since the 1990s and highlights the main transformation vectors of the country’s energy system. The main priority of Lithuania after 1990 was to ensure energy security by creating connections with EU energy markets and reducing dependency on Russian energy resources. This goal is almost reached as electricity and gas connections with other EU members are almost completed. However, dependence on energy import and a lack of electricity generating capacities creates pressure for a major energy transformation that focuses on renewable energy. A new National Energy Independence Strategy (2018) closely follows the EU goals of energy and climate policy.
Energy Transformation in Lithuania: Aiming for the Grand Changes