Ford, boosting its factory investments without new hiring, is spending $155 million at a Cleveland engine plant and creating 60 positions to be filled by workers being laid off elsewhere later this year. Production will start next month on a new V-6 engine for the 2011 Mustang, a Ford spokeswoman, Marcey Evans, said in an interview. Ford has cut its North American workforce 47 percent since 2006. Ford is spending $1.8 billion overhauling six engine and transmission plants in the United States, Canada and Mexico. Bringing back furloughed hourly employees or shuffling them among factories helps the automaker hold down labor costs. 'If sales volume goes up and they don't hire, they will become extremely profitable,' said Van Conway, senior managing director of restructuring firm Conway MacKenzie in Birmingham, Mich. 'If volumes go up 10 percent, there will not be 10 percent more people hired. It will be closer to zero.' The 1,260 jobs being added at the engine and transmission factories getting the new investment will go to workers on layoff or being brought from other sites, Evans said. Those coming to the Cleveland engine plant are among those to be laid off when Ford shuts a nearby castings factory, eliminating 700 jobs, she said. Ford is still retrenching as it recovers from $30 billion in losses from 2006 to 2008. The second-largest U.S. automaker had net income of $2.7 billion in 2009, when the predecessors of General Motors and Chrysler filed for bankruptcy. Ford has 600 workers on indefinite layoff. It is cutting a shift of 900 workers in July from a Michigan Mustang factory. Ford has 41,000 U.S. hourly workers. 'We have not started new hiring yet,' Evans said. 'But in each instance, these are new jobs to that facility to support production of that new product.' Hiring new workers would help Ford close its gap in hourly labor costs with Toyota Motor Corp. Hourly compensation for U.S. workers including wages and benefits averages about $55 at Ford, compared with $50 at Toyota. Ford's United Auto Workers contract lets the automaker give fewer benefits to new hires and pay them about $14 an hour, half as much as current employees. In addition to Cleveland, Ford is adding new engines at factories in Romeo, Mich.; Chihuahua, Mexico; and Windsor, Ontario, Evans said. It is starting new transmission production at plants in Sharonville, Ohio, and Livonia, Mich., she said. Previously, the Mustang's V-6 engine was made in Germany. The engines and transmissions will power the 2011 Mustang and Super Duty Ford F-series pickup truck, which go on sale in the first half of this year, Evans said. They are among nine new, more fuel-efficient engines or transmissions for 2011 Ford models, she said. 