The effects of medetomidine and xylazine on gastrointestinal motility and gastrin release in the dog.
The effect of medetomidine, a potent and highly selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, on the motility of the gastric antrum, duodenum, mid-jejunum and ileum was investigated in ten dogs. Its effect on the release of gastrin was also determined. Administration of medetomidine intramuscularly (i.m.) at a dose of 40 microg/kg inhibited the motility of the gastric antrum, duodenum, mid-jejunum and ileum significantly, in comparison to administration of xylazine intramuscularly at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg. The release of gastrin was also significantly decreased in dogs receiving medetomidine. It was found to inhibit the motility in the gastric antrum and duodenum longer than in the mid-jejunum and ileum, presumably by acting specifically on alpha2-adrenoceptors, likely at the peripheral level. Medetomidine also inhibited the gastric contraction associated with gastrin secretion.