Public Sector Innovations and the Demand-Side Innovation Policies
The public sector innovations are important additions to private and social efforts towards development oriented changes in society. These innovations aim at improving the efficiency and societal value of public services. In order to do so, the new organizational arrangements as well as public-private partnerships are often called for. In these situations, the novel service configurations are designed by public policy makers, but the actual service provision might be delegated to private companies or to non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This kind of combined execution creates strong connection between public sector innovations and demand-side innovation policies. The purpose of this study is to offer the possible ways to combine public sector innovations with demand-side innovation policies in Estonia. This would allow building strong ties between innovative advances in private and public sectors, thus enhancing the change towards knowledge-based society.
Consider a randomized load balancing problem consisting of a large number n of server sites each equipped with K servers. Under the greedy policy, clients randomly probe a site to check whether there is still a server available. If not, d -- 1 other sites are probed and the task is assigned to the site with the fewest number of busy servers. If all the servers are also busy in each of these d -- 1 sites, the task is lost. This short paper analyzes a set of policies, i.e., (L, d) policies, that will occasionally probe additional sites even when there is still a server available at the site that was probed first. Using mean field methods, we show that these policies, that preventively probe other sites, can achieve the same loss probability while requiring a lower overall probe rate.