SUMMARY: The microcyst stage of Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Bacterium coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens is non-motile and devoid of flagella. Observations by electron- and photomicroscopy indicate that the flagella grow outwards through the cell wall of the germinating microcyst. They commence to develop after about 2 hr. incubation. Alike in bacteria with peritrichous and polar flagelia a single, polar or sub-polar flagellum develops first. In the process of maturation the flagella are shed and the non-motile microeysts produced. Basal granules may occasionally be observed.
SUMMARY: The flagella of certain large spirilla appear to be compound structures composed of a large number of individual fibres. These arise in bundles from a single blepharoplast, whereas in other bacteria each flagellum arises separately. The flagella of spirilla are thus, in some respects, intermediate between those of other bacteria and of flagellates.
Purpose ::: The study aimed to characterise a fossil permafrost-affected (Stagnic Fluvisol Relictiturbic) soil, occurring in a cliff in the central part of the Polish Baltic coastal zone near Orzechowo (54° 35.664′ N, 16° 54.123′ E).