From Static to Reacting Systems on Transition-Metal Surfaces
Comprehensive density functional studies provide important insights into details of reaction mechanisms on surfaces that would be very hard to obtain experimentally. This chapter presents a critical comparison of experimental and theoretical achievements in mechanistic descriptions of the following surface reactions (1) (de-)hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons on Pd, Pt, and Rh; (2) methanol decomposition and steam reforming on Cu, Pd, and PdZn; (3) selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes on pure and alloyed Pt as well as Ag and Au surfaces; and (4) CO oxidation on nanoporous gold.
A study was made of the fully developed homogeneous flow of a two-temperature partially ionized plasma in the channel of a disc-type Hall generator. Experiments with a disc-type generator are described in [1, 2]. In a simplified statement, the problem is analogous to that considered in [3]. The present article takes the chemical reactions of ionization and recombination into account. The energy equation for an electron gas is brought down to a differential form which permits clarification of the question of the applicability of the Kerrebrock [4] formula for the difference in the temperatures of the electrons and the heavy particles.