Disorders of the Respiratory System Respiratory Health and Grain Dust Effects of Animal Confinement Exposures Asthma and Allergies Populations at Risk Dusts and Aerosol Exposures Health Effects of Agricultural Chemicals Chronic Disorders Exposure Estimation Accidents, Deaths, and Disability in Agriculture Surveillance Prevention Stress and Well-Being Migrant Workers, Seasonal Laborers, and Rural Women Cardiovascular Health in Rural Populations Industrial Hygiene and Control Technologies Sustainability and Health Index
The aim of this study was to analyse postural load during tasks related to milking cows of 2 farmers on 2 different farms (one with a manual milk transport system, the other with a fully automated milk transport system) as a case study. The participants were full-time farmers, they were both healthy and experienced in their job. The Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System (OWAS) was used to evaluate postural load and postural risk. Postural load was medium for the farmer on the farm with a manual milk transport system and high for the farmer working on the farm with a fully automated milk transport system. Thus, it can be concluded that a higher level of farm mechanization not always mean that the farmer's postural load is lower, but limitation of OWAS should be considered.
Inhalation of volatile substances is a cheap and accessible way for individuals, most commonly teenagers, to ingest mind-altering substances. The adverse effects of using inhalants, including cardiac dysrhythmia, respiratory tract injury, and asphyxiation, can be devastating. Detection often is difficult, but a high degree of suspicion with patterns of perioral, perinasal, and/or digital lesions can help identify use. We report an uncommon case of severe orofacial and digital frostbite initially mistaken for an allergic reaction in a 20-year-old man following intentional inhalation of a commercial air-dusting agent containing 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a).