Distribution of Income and Poverty in the Chico Mendes Extrative Reserve (Resex)
Conservation units, such as Extractive Reserves (RESEX), appear as alternatives for sustainable development in the region. The aims of this study is to evaluate the evolution of income distribution and poverty levels in the Chico Mendes RESEX in the last 20 years. We work with the methodology of the ASPF project, developed at the Federal University of Acre (UFAC), based on indicators of economic results, Gini Index and poverty line. The results indicate the maintenance of income inequality among families, with a slight reduction in the first decade, in addition to the increase of the poor and extremaly poor in the recent period.
The economic reforms in the Chinese countryside since 1978...provide a major natural experiment in the social and economic consequences of the transition from planned to market systems. This paper provides a beginning assessment of some of those changes with new 1993 data on rural China. Our emphasis is on changing [educational] opportunities for men and women and the ways in which this education produces human capital that leads to significant new work and income rewards. (EXCERPT)