Duplex PCR to detect both Papaya ring spot virus and Papaya leaf curl virus simultaneously from naturally infected papaya ( Carica papaya L.)
Papaya, a major fruit crop in India and worldwide, is affected by many fungal and viral diseases. A mixed infection of Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV), a linear single-stranded (+) RNA genome of approx 10 kb size, and Papaya leaf curl virus (PaLCV), a bipartite Gemini virus (component A & B) having circular singlestranded DNA (+) genome of about 5.2 kb, has hampered the production and productivity of papaya in many parts of world. Rapid detection techniques are important in prevention of spread of the disease in field conditions. In the present study, a rapid and reliable PCR based detection protocol has been standardized. Sets of primers were designed, based on the respective virus isolate sequence data available in GenBank, to obtain anticipated products of calculated size.
This paper mainly introduced the development and current principle of seedless watermelon, the research progress and the prospects of herbicide Oryzalin in tetraploid watermelon mutation, the problems of seedless watermelon existed in scientific research and production. The production and scientific research of seedless watermelon were emphasized cultivation, lose sight of breeding improvement usually. Oryzalin was a potent beyond the colchicine chromosome doubling mutagen in many advantages, through plant tubulin affinity, preventing mitosis in plants, and achieving the effect of chromosome doubling. Oryzalin doubling techniques and applications, it became a reality of the factorization, high flux, systematic research and cultivate tetraploid, triploid watermelon. It will bring new breakthrough in breeding technology and varieties and display a wide range of applications.