Penetration and Breakup of Liquids in Subsonic Airstreams
An experimental study of the penetration and breakup of liquid jets injected normal to high subsonic speed (A/=0.45 and 0.75) airstreams through injection ports of various geometries and sizes is reported. The measurement techniques were primarily optical, employing 2.5 x 10 ~3-sec photos to produce "streak" pictures for penetration measurements and 10 6 and 10 ~8-sec spark photos to show the details of the breakup process and some droplet size measurements. The penetration data were successfully correlated using groupings of the variables and parameters suggested by a simple analysis.
The safety operation of a concrete face rockfill dam (CFRD) built on covering layers depend on the integrity of its water stop system. So analyzing the dam seepage field before and after joint sealing damaged is significant, which includes the study of the influence on the dam seepage behavior when the water stop of peripheral joint and slab joint were damaged. In this paper, taken a specific hydropower station project as an example, the numerical analysis models of a CFRD for simulating the different water stop damage and failure types were established. Then the influence mechanism how the damage of the peripheral joint and slab joint affects the seepage gradient, saturated surface and seepage discharge inside the dam was analyzed, and the influence values were obtained. Therefore, the water stop area that needs to focus on is ascertained when the dam anti-seepage system was arranged.