A three-dimensional finite element analysis was carried out to determine the annual variation of temperature and thermal stresses of a concrete arch dam. Appropriate heat transfer boundary conditions in the dam body were used for air and reservoir temperature as well as solar radiation variations. Karaj arch dam in Iran was used as a case study. The rate of convergence of the numerical solution is examined. Results of the finite element analysis show that probable cracks occur in a very narrow region of the downstream face. Thermal loads have the most significant effects for causing downstream cracks in comparison with self-weigh and hydrostatic loads. The cracked areas of downstream face conform to the regions that have the highest temperature in downstream face. It can be associated to the solar radiation, which shows two-dimensional analysis of an arch dam cannot yields accurate results and three-dimensional analysis is necessary.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
The determination of temperature fields is usually required for the calculation of structural deformation and stress induced by temperature variation. To guarantee the serviceability and safety of ...
Several approaches for miniaturization TEM horn antenna while maintaining and/or improving its frequency and time domain performances and peak voltage/field strength handling are described. Understanding the sources of reflection and discontinuities including the methods of elimination thereof are considered first, followed by the loading approaches including dielectric, ferrite, and resistive. Analysis is performed using finite element method (FEM) and finite integration technique (FIT) full wave modeling as respectively implemented in ANSYS HFSS and CST Microwave Studio (MWS).