Benefits of social impact bonds in reducing unemployment levels among ultra-Orthodox Jews in Israel
A social impact bond (SIB) is an innovative financial tool designed to resolve the lack of efficiency of public financing of social services and create additional sources of funding for various social projects. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of SIBs for the encouragement of ultra-orthodox employment and evaluate their economic return to the Israeli Government. First, the expected impacts of training ultra-Orthodox men for employment in the high-tech sector of the local labour market are evaluated. Second, economic profitability is measured as expected cost savings for the Israeli Government.
The well-known Klein-Monti model of bank behavior considers a monopolistic bank. We demonstrate that this model’s results on the comparative static effects of a change in the exogenous interbank market interest rate do not necessarily hold in oligopolistic Cournot or Stackelberg generalizations. Introducing asymmetries in the cost functions of the banks, or in their way of conduct, may imply counterintuitive effects on the individual banks’ volumes of loans and deposits. Keywords: Bank behavior, Cournot oligopoly, Stackelberg oligopoly