Chromosome conformation capture-based studies reveal novel features of plant nuclear architecture.
Nuclear genome organization has recently received increasing attention due to its manifold functions in basic nuclear processes, such as replication, transcription, and the maintenance of genome integrity. Using technologies based on chromosome conformation capture, such as Hi-C, we now have the possibility to study the three-dimensional organization of the genome at unprecedented resolution, shedding light onto a previously unexplored level of nuclear architecture. In plants, research in this field is still in its infancy but a number of publications provided first insights into basic principles of nuclear genome organization and the factors that influence it. Apart from general aspects, newly discovered three-dimensional conformations, such as the KNOT, raise special interest on how nuclear organization may influence the function of the genome in previously unexpected ways.
Production cost, generation expansion, and reliability models are used extensively by utilities in the planning process. However, many of these models do not provide adequate means for representing the full range of potential variation in wind power plants. In order to properly account for expected variation in wind-generated electricity in these models, we describe an enumerated probabilistic approach that can be performed outside the production cost model, compare it with a reduced enumerated approach, and present some selected utility results. Our technique can be applied to any model, and can result in a considerable reduction in model runs. We use both a load duration curve model and a chronological model to measure wind plant capacity credit, and also present some other selected results.