A Quantitative Comparison of Tolerance Analysis Approaches for Rigid Mechanical Assemblies
Abstract Tolerance analysis is a key tool to predict the consequences of geometric variations on product quality. During the last decades, various approaches for the computer-aided tolerance analysis have been proposed, where each of them has specific advantages and disadvantages. In this contribution, three tolerance analysis approaches, namely tolerance stacks, vector loops, and the tolerance analysis based on the Small Displacement Torsor are quantitatively compared with the tolerance analysis based on Skin Model Shapes considering a typical case study. The novelty of the contribution lies in the profound assessment of these approaches and their results.
This chapter provides an overview of two important concepts relevant to population-based association studies: linkage disequilibrium (LD) and Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Both of these concepts are based on the genetic component of our data and do not involve the trait that we aim to associate with this genetic information. Instead, consideration of LD and HWE is an important step of data processing that typically precedes consideration of association, and thus a discussion is included in this text. Both LD and HWE are measures of allelic association|the difference between them is that LD is a measure of allelic association between two sites on the genome, while HWE is a measure of allelic association between two homologous chromosomes at a single site.