Granulated Coffe Grounds Effect on Selected Physico-chemical and Functional Properties of Soil
Abstract The study evaluates granulated coffee grounds use as an additive to soil. Specific physico-chemical and functional properties of soil that enable assessment of its fertility and that have a possible impact on plants growth and development were analysed. The research proved that granulated coffee grounds added to soil increase sorption properties and decrease pH of the soil solution. Moreover, the increase of the phenol compounds that decreased the germination ability and reduced the length of roots of a test plant, namely winter wheat, was reported.
Abstract Many human operations have created a large population of small orbital debris in near Earth environment. The threat they represent for satellites is a major factor for the preparation of future space missions. Several experiments devoted to the study of this environment, as well as various materials exposed to space, have been retrieved in the past few years. The analysis of the results shows some differences with previous modeling. Comparison with data from LDEF and from EURECA give some insight in the long term evolution of particle size distribution. Chemical identification of particle remnants inside craters is difficult but provides valuable information on the origin of the impactors. Permanent monitoring of environment is obviously needed, especially for the type of orbits where data are presently scarce ie. heliosynchronous and geostationary orbits.