Traditions of exclusiveness and ethnic identity in a changing African pastoralist society: the Fulbe of Adamawa, Nigeria
This paper focuses on the Fulbe of Adamawa Emirate, Nigeria. Rooted in a pastoral heritage, Fulbe identity has adapted to their new livelihood in modern, urban settings, while maintaining many of its essential features, in particular a rigid moral code (pulaaku) which the Fulbe believe is exclusively theirs. This study stresses the usefulness of combining the analysis of the ethnic symbols, which underscores the cultural and moral basis of ethnic behavior, with historical analysis, which illuminates the goal of political and material gain in modernizing African society. For the Fulbe themselves, their identity is an assertion of their moral and cultural superiority over other peoples.
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to investigate the land ethics of tourists regarding the geotourism resources in the Protected Area of Manesht and Ghelarang, Ilam Province, Iran. The theoretical f...