Individuals and their ecologies: analysing the geography of chronic illness within a multilevel modelling framework
Abstract This paper argues for the importance of place differences in understanding chronic illness. A conceptual distinction is drawn between individual and ecological effects and it is argued that aggregate analysis provides an inappropriate methodology for studying place differences. Multilevel modelling, in contrast, allows for the simultaneous analysis of individuals and their ecologies. This approach is applied to data derived from a nationally representative sample of over 9 000 United Kingdom individuals in nearly 400 places.
The essay explain the relationship between the inheritance and development of the city's regional culture from the urban planning professional view,put forward to display the important effect for the city special features with the culture's material and non-material characteristics.Pass to scoop out several aspect of regional deep qualities,such as city landscape,city space configuration,building and the non-material cultural etc.From here,inherit and develop the region cultural spirit content and value,evade bad things,remould city region cultural special features.