Re-use of vacuum and vent system condensate
Abstract When Ghubrah MSF Unit no. 2 was commissioned in 1982, it was found that condensate from inter and after condensers was not suitable for boiler feed water as it contains CO2. This study discusses the modification carried out to re-use this condensate by connecting it to the last stage distillate tray box. All other evaporators were modified in the same way after confirming that ammonia and hydrazine levels were within the acceptable limits. This paper also discusses the proposal for modification to direct vent condenser condensate to brine recycle pump suction or last stage flash chamber, in parallel with the existing line to the last stage distillate tray box. Such an arrangement is necessary to avoid contamination of the distillate in case of tube leak in the vent condenser.
In Sweden, municipal sewage sludge are not applied as nutrient supply on agricultural land used for crops for human consumption, due to a resistance among consumer, farmers associations and leading producers and grocery distributors. Thus, a nationwide initiative, ReVAQ, with a wide range of different stakeholders was established in 2003. The aim was to identify approaches to be implemented to improve the quality of the sludge in order to make it possible to use municipal sewage sludge on agricultural land in a sustainable and socially acceptable manor. Here, a ReVAQ subproject, organic substances in industrial effluents to