Energetic disorder induced leakage current in organic bulk heterojunction solar cells: comprehending the ultra-high open circuit voltage loss at low temperatures
Organic bulk heterojunction solar cells suffer from a huge, nonmonotonic loss of open-circuit voltage ${V}_{o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}c}$ at low temperatures, which thwarts their practical application. The authors incorporate energetic disorder into a drift-diffusion model to study the ${V}_{o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}c}-T$ relations under various working conditions. In reproducing the empirical observations, they find that disorder-suppressed carrier mobility is the culprit. This work provides a comprehensive picture from the charge-dynamics perspective that will facilitate the engineering of this emerging class of devices.
Different systems act as one of the most promising forms of integration in the urban planning structure. In the process of formation of plans for social and economic development of major cities more often, there is a situation, when the improvement of resources efficiency needs not just a concentration of effort, but also some new and innovative forms of building production organization. It is proposed to establish in Odessa the "Corporate Scientific and Technical Complex of urban planning energy renovation" as an innovative organizational structure which practically uses the accumulated scientific and technical potential for the reconstruction of historic buildings in Odessa in 1820–920 using energy efficiency standards. It is necessary to organize courses in the form of accelerated training for workers of the occupation "master of finishing construction work" specialty "plasterer" for "KNTK GERek" effective functioning.