With fixed dimensionality of choice experiments, previous simulation results shows that D-optimal design with correct priori information generates more accurate valuation. In the absence of prior information, random designs and designs incorporate attribute interactions result in more precise valuation estimates. In this paper, the Monte Carlo results demonstrate that the performances of different design strategy are affected by attribute information loads in choice experiments. Consumer valuation estimates in simulation settings varies with the number of attributes.
With use of payment card survey data of willingness to pay (WTP) for the “Green Food”, a unique food certification in China, this study finds that age and income are important for the WTP for the Green Food in China. There are structural differences in consumer preference for Green Food between the large city and the small county. Consumers in China, on average, are willing to pay 47% more for Green vegetables and 40% more for Green meat than for their conventional counterparts. Compared with the real markets and the previous studies, our results are very consistent and reliable.
We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero.