One-dimensional stochastic models for spontaneous and burst blink
The present study proposed one-dimensional stochastic diffusion models for spontaneous eyeblink and analyzed and discussed the blink burst during low vigilance. The models presumed the interblink interval distribution to be first-passage-time probability densities of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. To estimate the parameters, the behaviour of upper eyelids was optically measured when the vigilance of the subjects was high and low, and transformed into point series data. The observed data was in good agreement with the model output and the threshold of a virtual blink generator changed with vigilance. It became evident that the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck first-passage-time models are valid spontaneous blink models and that the burst patterns occur because of a shift of the threshold.
Abstract A numerical scheme, based upon the Kobayashi-Tranter method with certain modifications, is given for axisymmetric punch and crack problems in elasticity. The problems are reduced to solving a system of linear algebraic equations instead of a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. A standard program thus allows the treatment of a range of different cases. The indentation of a rigid punch on an elastic layer overlying an elastic foundation is formulated in this fashion and numerical results for various cases are presented.