Factors affecting the profitability of Malaysian commercial banks
This study intends to investigate the impact of bank-specific characteristics and macroeconomic conditions on Malaysian commercial banks financial performance, during the period of 2003 to 2009. This study employs regression models that relate bank profitability ratios to various explanatory variables. There are three ratios which represent profitability measures are return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and net non-interest margin (NIM). Seven variables are drawn from the conventional banking literature as proxies for bank-specific and macroeconomic factors. Results of this study indicated that ROA is the best profitability measures. All bank-specific determinants affect bank profitability significantly in the anticipated way. However, no evidence is found in support of the macroeconomic variables have an impact on profitability.
countries with civil law systems such as those in Indonesia, fettered by the dogmatic paradigm led to the application of normative-legal formalities are usually constrained problem. Though many variations of crimes not yet covered by the rule of positive law in this country. Moreover, many legal rules that were tumpan provisions overlap with another rule of law. So it is not uncommon in a world of justice, the judge's decision with regard to the issue raised controversy in the community. If this happens, efforts to conduct groundbreaking law was supposed to be done with the use of methods that are in line with the concept of handling the legal problems that occur. This is important, including in dealing with certain criminal cases, especially criminal pencuciang money using the method of proof process of reversal of the burden of proof (omkering van de bewijslast).