An analytical model is presented to predict the static behavior of the long-span prestressed concrete bridge deck(the long-span PSC deck). The finite element analysis is performed and the results are compared with that of the previous experimental test. The load-deflection relationship curves by FEM are in good agreement with the results reported in the previous study. The failure mode of all test specimens is predicted by the punching shear in this study. It is also observed in the previous experimental test. The main objective of this paper is presenting supportive method to predict static behavior of the long-span PSC deck slab. It is not simulating the punching shear behavior graphically.
This paper presents part of an investigation on the failure modes in reinforced concrete bridge decks subjected to monotonic static concentrated wheel-loads. The punching shear deck failure appears to be interrelated with a snap-through instability of an “arching” action mechanism activated in the deck. The predicted critical deflection of about 25% of the deck thickness at instability of a two-dimensional laterally restrained three-hinge compressive strut mechanism correlates well with the measured static ultimate deck deflection values of bridge decks that failed primarily in punching. There is also good agreement between the predicted critical applied static concentrated load at instability of the proposed three-hinge truss and the experimental static deck ultimate strength values.
We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero.