Empirical battery model characterizing a utility-scale carbon-enhanced VRLA battery
In this paper, the electrical characteristics of a carbon enhanced valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery from East Penn Manufacturing are investigated and a dynamic model is developed for use in electrical simulations. The electrochemical processes that cause specific dynamic behaviors have been investigated. These processes are explained and a non-linear electric model, which captures the results of some of these electrochemical dynamics, is presented. The method to determine model parameters using experimental data is shown. To verify the battery model, both a pulsed current profile and an arbitrary current profile were applied to the battery and to the battery model and the voltage responses of the two were compared.
In this paper, we present a study on the behavior of a polycrystalline silicon cell, specifically the NPP+ structure. The simulation of this structure is done using the PC1D software; this latter allows simulating different structures of photovoltaic cells. The general purpose of the present work is focused on the study of the manner that the cell physical parameters evolve in order to extract the optimal values and then increase the conversion efficiency. The simulation of several parameters such as doping, texturing, textured surface depth, series resistance, shunt resistance, carrier life time and others parameters, make it possible to choose the right parameters values to be used. In this work the efficiency of this studied structure reaches a value of 23%, which represents a good value for this type of cell.