the effects of malnutrition in madagascar
ANTANANARIVO â The results of a new Cost of Hunger in Africa (COHA) study indicate that Madagascarâs economy loses 3.384 billion Ariary (US$1.5 billion) per year â the equivalent of 14.5% of the countryâs Gross Domestic Product (GDP) â to the effects of malnutrition.
Swollen and/or bleeding gums are the first oral symptoms of malnutrition. As the malnutrition continues, the teeth may begin to decay. When only the gums are affected, the oral effects of malnutrition can be reversed; however, once the teeth begin to decay, the damage is permanent.