Blacks As Supervisors: A Study of Training, Job Performance, and Employers’ Expectations
This study of a training program designed for the development of black supervisors investigated the relationship of several training and nontraining variables with employers’ evaluations of black supervisors’ job performance. The results indicated that employers tended to evaluate performance not on factors related to program content or on task-related behaviors, but on other behaviors black supervisors demonstrated while at work.
We tested group interventions for women with a Turkish migration background living in Austria and suffering from recurrent depression. N = 66 participants were randomized to: (1) Self-Help Groups (SHG), (2) Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Groups, and (3) a Wait-List (WL) Control condition. Neither SHG nor CBT were superior to WL. On an individual basis, about one third of the participants showed significant improvements with respect to symptoms of depression. Younger women, women with a longer duration of stay in Austria and those who had encountered a higher number of traumatic experiences, showed increased improvement of depressive symptoms. The results suggest that individual treatment by ethnic, female psychotherapists should be preferred to group interventions.