Standardization of Reference Values among Laboratories of Korean Association of Health Promotion
for Gaussian distribution. None of the tests showed Gaussian distribution. These procedures had been repeated twice or three times after trimming out the results lying outside three standard deviations. Though, all the tests showed non-Gaussian distribution. Subsequently, the reference ranges were defined in the range from the point of lower 2.5% to the point of higher 97.5%. And in case the lower range could be "0", the reference ranges were defined in the range of 0 to 95%. Results:The reference ranges of 56 test items were newly assigned. Among these there were eight tests that needed reference ranges by the age groups and nine tests by the sex. Conclusions:All 15 laboratories of Korean Association of Health Promotion now have the same reference ranges that were statistically derived from their own data. This means the patient
Background ::: A lack of consistent methods to evaluate Ki67 expression is problematic in terms of accurately predicting prognosis in breast cancer. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the causes of discrepancies in Ki67 labeling index measurements by different observers under different conditions using breast cancer samples.