[]: The present paper summarises a series of studies aimed at identifying the individual and organisational factors that contribute to aviation maintenance errors, violations, and reporting behaviour. The first study in the series concentrated on errors. The second study was essentially a replication of the first study with some minor extensions to the predictor set and refinements to the criterion variable. The third study introduced an additional criterion variable called violations and a variable that we labeled willingness to commit violations. The implications of our findings are discussed in the context of aviation maintenance and high risk industries in general.
In UK industry, particularly in the energy sector, there has been a movement away from ‘lagging’ measures of safety based on retrospective data, such as lost time accidents and incidents, towards ‘leading’ or predictive assessments of the safety climate of the organisation or worksite. A number of different instruments have been developed by industrial psychologists for this purpose, resulting in a proliferation of scales with distinct developmental histories. Reviewing the methods and results from a sample of industrial surveys, the thematic basis of 18 scales used to assess safety climate is examined. This suggests that the most typically assessed dimensions relate to management (72% of studies), the safety system (67%), and risk (67%), in addition themes relating to work pressure and competence appear in a third of the studies.
AnO(n 3) mathematically non-iterative heuristic procedure that needs no artificial variable is presented for solving linear programming problems. An optimality test is included. Numerical experiments depict the utility/scope of such a procedure.