Interfacial properties of zirconium dioxide prepared by the sol-gel process
Abstract The properties of the zirconium dioxide-water interface have been studied in aqueous solutions of NaCl, Na 2 SO 4 , CaCl 2 and CaSO 4 . Zirconium dioxide has been prepared by the sol-gel process. Electrophoretic mobility has been determined as a function of pH in the presence of various electrolytes at different ionic strengths (pH iep about 6.7). The pH pzc value was determined by the batch equilibration method (pH pzc varying from 3.9 to 7). One of the intrinsic equilibrium constants was calculated (p K a2 =6.2).
A calculation model is developed for mechanical seals with a laser-textured micro-pore face. The dimensionless hydrodynamic pressure distribution on the seal face at various conditions and micro-pore geometry parameters is obtained from a solution of the Reynolds equation by finite difference method. An optimum micro-pore geometry parameter is found and consistent with experimental results. Results of parametric study demonstrate that substantial hydrodynamic effect can be produced on the seal face with micro-pores.