On the Etiology of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization
Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a condition that is defined based on its peculiar clinical presentation. Reports on the etiology of the condition and possible risk factors are inconclusive and the original suggestion that MIH is an idiopathic condition is often cited. Our group was the first to suggest MIH has a genetic component that involves genetic variation in genes expressed during dental enamel formation. In this report, we provide a rationale to explain the preferential affection of molars and incisors. We suggest that MIH is a genetic condition based on its prevalence, which varies depending on the geographic location, and the evidence that on occasion second primary molars, permanent canines, and premolars can show signs of hypomineralization of enamel when molars and incisors are affected.
SUMMARY A significant rate of implant failures in clinical practice still persists today. This causes many problems for both, dentist and patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the available literature, presenting a clinical report and also to discuss subjects relating to implant failures during osseointegration. The literature research pointed out the various factors possibly involved in implant failures and how their occurrence may be minimized.