An examination of the impact of agri-environmental policies and intensification on the hyperbolic efficiency of Dutch dairy farms
The intensification of the dairy sector and the associated detrimental impacts on the environment has geared agri-environmental policies towards fulfilling environmental objectives. This study examines the impact of such policies and intensification on the hyperbolic efficiency of Dutch dairy farms which provides a measure for their joint technical and environmental performance. The results indicate that the introduction of decoupled payments reduced the hyperbolic efficiency of farms highlighting greater losses in technical than environmental performance, while agri-environmental subsidies have no impact on our efficiency measure. Finally, intensification increases hyperbolic efficiency implying that under appropriate nutrient-management practices, intensification can be sustainable.
Under the new circ um stances,the working conditions of undergraduates have changed tremendously,and t he students' work is confronted with new challenges.How to strengthen and improv e the college students' ideological and political work has become a top priority task in colleges.This paper mainly studies the issue by analyzing its changing conditions,updating the educational concepts,es-tablishing the ideological conc ept of taking the students as the dominant factor,strengthening the cultural est ablishment of colleges,and adhering to keeping with the times,opening up and inn ovating.