Progress of research on DNA vaccines against parasitosis
One of the effective prevention and treatment strategies to parasitosis is to develop safe and effective vaccines. The DNA vaccine is a new kind of vaccine developed in last 10 years. In recent years, many advances in DNA vaccines against parasitosis have been made. This article reviews the advances in the mechanism, construction, optimization, adjuvants and delivery ways of DNA vaccines and the advances in the study of DNA vaccines against some parasitosis including malaria, schistosomiasis, cysticercosis and toxoplasmosis in recent years.
Since there exist extrinsic and intrinsic incubation periods of pathogens in the feedback interactions between the vectors and hosts, it is necessary to consider the incubation delays in vector-host disease transmission dynamics. In this paper, we propose vector-host disease models with two time delays, one describing the incubation period in the vector population and another representing the incubation period in the host population. Both distributed and discrete delays are used. By constructing suitable Liapunov functions, we obtain sufficient conditions for the global stability of the endemic equilibria of these models. The analytic results reveal that the global dynamics of such vector-host disease models with time delays are completely determined by the basic reproduction number. Some specific cases with discrete delay are studied and the corresponding results are improved.