The Effects of Group and Individual Monetary Incentives on Productivity of Telephone Interviewers
Abstract The relative effectiveness of three types of monetary incentive contingencies was estimated among telephone research company employees. Six college-aged telephone interviewers (5 females, 1 male) participated in the study. The baseline condition consisted of monetary rewards being delivered to the top performer(s) of each shift. In one experimental condition, individuals were paid monetary incentives if their performance rate exceeded a standard rate set by the supervisor. In the other experimental condition, individuals were paid monetary incentives if their group's performance met or exceeded a group performance standard set by the group's supervisor. Effects of incentive contingencies on interviewer completion rates were investigated by varying participants' exposure to experimental and baseline incentive conditions within a multi-element design. Results indicated that both individual and group incentives produced a greater number of call completions per hour compared to call completions obser...
Objective To measure the distribution of the government subsidy among different economic groups in Zhe- jiang Province,and estimate their equity.Methods Used the data of National Health Service Survey of Zhejiang Province in 2003 and the Benefit Incidence Analysis(BIA).Results From the absolute equity side,either the in-patient and out- patient or total subsidy,the absolute equity of subsidies was bad;From the relative equity side,the relative equity of the in-patient subsidies was good,but the out-patient subsidy was bad.Conclusion There was some distance between the practical result and the ideal objective.The real beneficiary was not the poor but the better-off.