CDRI as an Instrument to Evaluate Infants With Developmental Problems Associated With Autism
This exploratory study investigates the contributions the Clinical Risk Indicators in Child Development (CDRI) may bring for the evaluation of infants who might be considered in autistic development. To do so, results of the evaluation – using CDRI and the Modified Checklist for Autism (M-CHAT) – of 43 babies who were 18 months old were compared. The present study showed that autism is amongst the risks the CDRI detects. The statistical analysis highlights that the axis Subject Assumption (SA) may not differentiate infants who present developmental problems associated with autism from typically developing ones. The Alternate Presence/Absence (PA) axis seems to be the one that most distinguishes these groups of infants. The clinical vignette demonstrates that CDRI can be used as a guide that helps to understand the family dynamics and can guide the interventions made in public health services.
Inherent Defects Insurance (IDI) for new housing buildings is mandatory in Spain since May 2000. The instauration of this legal requirement prompted an upsurge in the IDI market. Being confronted with wild competition, the major insurance carriers active in that market promoted a minimum price agreement involving also IDI reinsurers. The role of reinsurers was key in propagating the effectiveness of the minimum price agreement all over the market. This article examines the features of the Spanish IDI cartel, uncovered by the Spanish National Competition Commission in 2009. The companies involved were punished with the largest fine ever imposed by competition authorities in Spain. However, potential damage claims by cartel victims may face several hurdles. Some of them are related to some specific features of the cartel itself, others have to do with the reluctance to damage claims for competition violations in Spain.