The effect of training trials on passive avoidance deficits in the hippocampectomized rat
The ability to withhold a response on the basis of a punishing electrical shock after 0, 20, 40 training trials was investigated in rats following radical bilateral hippocampal destruction, damage to the posterolateral neocortex, or sham operations. Hippocampectomized animals continued to make the response despite the previous shock under all training conditions (impaired passive avoidance behavior) but their response latencies were shorter when 20 or 40 training trials had been given.
we examine motivations for, and costs/benefits of, participation in three interviews across a one-year period among women recently exposed to intimate partner abuse (IPA). Recruited from publicly accessible police reports, women were not informed that the study focused on IPA in recruiting materials or when they scheduled the first interview. Women ' s ratings on the Response to Research Participation Questionnaire (RRPQ) indicated a positive benefit-to-cost ratio across all three interviews. Negative responses to participation as well as severity of IPA and PTSD symptoms did not predict retention at the next interview. These data dem - onstrate that studies asking about IPA experiences, even when survivors do not know in advance that IPA will be the focus of study, can be implemented within a stable benefit-to-cost ratio over time.