Policies and Procedures for Successful Implementation of Alternative Technical Concepts
Transportation agencies increasingly allow design–build teams and construction contractors to incorporate alternative technical concepts (ATCs) into proposals for highway projects. The ATC approach allows proposers to suggest modifications to a contract requirement that would result in the project being equal to or better than the design in the solicitation. This paper investigates current procurement policies and presubmittal procedures followed by state transportation agencies in the implementation of ATCs in transportation projects. The paper reports survey results of state departments of transportation (DOTs) that generated responses from 42 state DOTs. These results were compared with a content analysis of solicitation documents of 65 ATC projects from 24 DOTs. The results showed that although ATC usage was most common in design–build projects, ATCs have been successfully implemented in nearly all project delivery methods. The study showed that incorporation of ATCs into the procurement process allow...
Taking the product/service attribute system as a foundation, the article utilizes two-factor theory expanded and means-end theory to establish the product/service positional matrix which is based on customers' cognition object and customers' satisfaction, so as to explore the new method of positioning product/service.