Number of information and its relation to the cosmological constant resulting from Landauer’s principle
Using a recent published formula for the number of information N that results from Landauer’s principle we obtain an expression for the cosmological constant Λ. Next, assuming the universe as a system of mass M satisfying Landauer’s principle and eliminating its mass M from the given expression for the number of information, we obtain a new expression that agrees with the expression derived by Lloyd. Furthermore, we modify the generalized entropy relation and three equivalent entropy expressions are obtained. Finally, in two different universes the time rate of change of the entropy is calculated. In a flat universe the time rate of the entropy is time independent and depends on fundamental constants of physics.
In this paper, we study the connection and secrecy performance under two-tier cellular network during uplink phase, where both large-scale factor (path propagation loss) and small-scale factor (Nakagami fading) are considered., which are beyond the scope of the existing works. Analytical expressions of network connection and secrecy probabilities are derived., which are validated through Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical results reveal that the theoretical expressions of connection and secrecy probabilities are in good agreement with simulation results. Moreover, simulation results demonstrate that larger $m$ value, which means stronger LOS component, leads to a worse connection performance, but a better secrecy secrecy performance.