Shear Band Development in a Viscoplastic Cylinder
We study the development of shear bands in a viscoplastic hollow circular cylinder containing two elliptical voids on a radial line and located symmetrically about the center. The material of the cylinder is assumed to exhibit strain and strain-rate hardening and thermal softening. The impact loading on the inner surface of the cylinder is simulated by applying a known radial velocity to particles on the inner surface; the outer surface of the cylinder is taken to be traction free. Both of these surfaces are taken to be perfectly insulated. It is found that shear bands initiate from void tips closer to the inner surface sooner than those from the other void tips. The effect of strain-hardening is to delay the initiation of shear bands.
The present invention includes a polyvinyl acetal having a softening temperature Tg of less than 74 ° C., and at least one cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid ester as a plasticizer, a sheet containing a plasticizer. The plasticizer-containing sheets showed slight exudation tendency of plasticizers, combined may be used for the manufacture of glass and the photovoltaic module.