MSU-HEP-03101 Uncertainties of Parton Distribution Functions and Their Implications on Physical Predictions †
We describe preliminary results from an effort to quantify the uncertainties in parton distribution functions and the resulting uncertainties in predicted physical quantities. The production cross section of the $W$ boson is given as a first example. Constraints due to the full data sets of the CTEQ global analysis are used in this study. Two complementary approaches, based on the Hessian and the Lagrange multiplier method respectively, are outlined. We discuss issues on obtaining meaningful uncertainty estimates that include the effect of correlated experimental systematic uncertainties and illustrate them with detailed calculations using one set of precision DIS data.
Generally, in order to extract electrical circuit parameters of package, specific test fixtures composed of short, open, and thru patterns are required. However, electrical parasitic of the test fixtures makes it difficult to extract accurate circuit parameters of the package. In addition to this the values of the parameters are different according to the electrical configurations of adjacent pins like floating, dc biasing, and applying RF signal. In this paper, we presented a new modeling technique of electronic package considering measurement environments. Electrical parasitic components effect on capacitance and inductance of the package are considered in the proposed modeling technique. The modeling technique is verified through comparison between the measured S-parameter by VNA and the results by AC analysis.