Microstructure Morphology Evolution of Single Crystal Copper Rod by Ohno Continuous Casting in Copper Manufacturing System
Heated-mould continuous casting (Ohno continuous casting, OCC) is a kind of special continuous directional solidification technique in copper manufacturing system. Copper rod solidification process is cooperative controlled by heated mould and water cooler. Single crystal metal rod of any length can be produced by OCC. In this paper, based on continuous nucleation model, microstructure morphology evolution process of single crystal copper rod has been studied by coupled cellular automata method and finite element method. Competitive growth process has been described that tiny equiaxed crystal merged into big columnar crystals towards heat flow direction. Single crystal evolution distance changing rule has been study under different drawing speed and mould temperature by simulation and experiment results. This study provides reference for high quality single crystal copper rod in copper deep manufacturing processing.
Abstract Electronic structure calculations of MS10−6 clusters (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) have been performed making use of the Xα discrete variational method. The results of the calculations are used for the detailed interpretation of the X-ray emission and photoelectron spectra for Mn, Fe, Co and Ni monosulphides and in a discussion of the physical-chemical properties of the compounds under investigation.