In 1009, however, churches were destroyed by the fanatical Caliph (Arab ruler) Hakim, and in 1071 Seljuk Turks took over Jerusalem and began attacking Christian pilgrims.
Christian pilgrims were attacked in Jerusalem by Seljuk Turks in 1071.
As a class they came to great wealth and power by the way they organized trade and controlled the flow of goods throughout the area.