Finally, the analysis discusses several significant alternatives that were considered and rejected by the Commission, including expanding the universe of providers covered by the rule, more narrowly defining the universe of providers, and continuing the resale rule indefinitely.
There are a number of alternatives available.
For a recent summary of this empirical debate, see William Gale, The Impact of Pensions and 401(k) Plans on  A Critical Assessment of the State of the Literature, paper presented at ERISA After 25  A Framework for Evaluating Pension Reform, Washington, D.C., September 17, 1999.