It is important to keep in mind that, from the author's own understanding of Afghan society, Afghan women usually do not talk about mental distress. Talking about mental health in general, and mental issues like high anxiety, panic attacks and depression carries a stigma since all tend to be categorised under the label of being “mentally ill.'


These families are likely to face particularly challenging barriers to education, especially if they are returning to rural and remote parts of the country affected by ongoing armed conflict and lack of access to basic services.


However, humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan is still hugely underfunded. The United Nations has estimated that around 1.1 billion is needed for this year; so far, only a quarter of this has been met.

Priority interventions
Capacities & response

Priority interventions->Expressed by humanitarian staff

Capacities & response->People reached/response gaps


Assessment teams identified 258 households  ( approximately 1,806 people )  displaced by conflict in Baghlan, Kunduz and Takhar provinces to receive assistance in the coming days.


203 families  ( about 1,421 people )  affected by the August flood in Kuz Kunar and Rodat districts in Nangarhar province received cash for shelter construction.

Capacities & response->International response


The ongoing pandemic has also caused people to lose their jobs and income with primary breadwinners becoming sick and unable to work. This has created a notable increase in the number of food insecure people across the major urban areas, along with the reoccurring food insecure provinces of the central and northeast highlands.


Compared to 2019, there is an increase in the proportion of households with poor food consumption  ( up by 5 per cent )  as well as in the proportion of households consuming less than 5 different food groups  ( up by 15 per cent ) .


Herding households are also experiencing a decline in their livestock herd size with implications for income generation.


Grave child rights violations are a significant concern, with children in Afghanistan consistently killed and injured, recruited and used in hostilities, detained, abducted, made victims sexual violence, exposed to deliberate attacks on schools and hospitals, and denied humanitarian assistance by parties to the conflict.


The lockdown measures put in place in response to the COVID 19 pandemic significantly decreased daily labour opportunities, reducing household purchasing power and food access.

Impact->Impact on systems, services and networks


Across all areas only a very small proportion of households reported having cereal stocks from their own production that would last till the next harvest. These vulnerable conditions are further aggravated by the COVID 19 pandemic, which has seen a surge in food prices.


The publication concludes with a series of recommendations including calling for greater investment of data on the gendered impacts of the pandemic.


Around 60% of households  ( 70% for urban households )  reported that their income levels had decreased compared to the previous year, with the main cause being reduction in income activities.


Of these 11 cities, two were classified in IPC Phase 4  ( Emergency ) , namely Hirat and Kandahar urban centres, and seven were classified in IPC Phase 3  ( Crisis ) , namely Mazar  ( in Balkh Province ) , Pul e Khumri  ( Baghlan ) , Kabul, Jalalabad  ( Nangarhar ) , Shibirghan  ( Jawzjan ) , Lashkargah  ( Hilmand )  and Maimana  ( Faryab ) . Two towns were classified in IPC Phase 2  ( Stressed ) , Kunduz, and Taluqan  ( Takhar ) .


The situation has meant widespread job losses for Afghan migrant workers and resulted in approximately 250,000 Afghans returning from Iran, mostly through Islam Qala and Nimruz border crossings, from 20 February to 31 March.


At 2.6 million, EiE needs remain largely the same as the 2020 mid year revision and will continue to primarily focus on shock affected children who cannot access regular schools.


Since the COVID 19 outbreak and widespread myths about the disease, people's care seeking behaviour has reduced, in turn leaving many diseases untreated and allowing them to become more severe.


Continued spread of COVID 19 and resulting international and domestic movement restrictions during the period has further complicated access, and will likely continue to impact humanitarian operations into the coming quarter.

Capacities & response->National response


According to ERM data, child labor was the most widespread concern affecting children in Afghanistan during the period, with assessment teams observing or reporting child labor in 17 provinces  ( Badakhshan, Balkh, Farah, Faryab, Ghor, Helmand, Herat, Jawzjan, Kandahar, Kunduz, Logar, Parwan, Samangan, Sari Pul, Takhar, Wardak and Zabul )  and all regions.


Girls were also reported to be less likely than boys to access educational services; in Wardak, community discussions suggested that girls are allowed to attend school until the second or third grade of primary school, after which they no longer attend and will be married.


In rural areas where health facilities were available and functioning, they were often prohibitively distant to ensure meaningful access for persons with specific needs or the elderly.


During the first six months of 2019, 44 per cent of the children who died within 24 hours of arrival in MSF's paediatric intensive care unit had arrived too late and at a very advanced stage of illness.


Poultry and livestock farmers across all provinces reported significant challenges in managing their poultry and livestock based livelihoods citing reasons that relate to structural deficits now exacerbated by COVID 19, including lack of access to day old chicks/pullets, feed, inputs and resources, markets and veterinary services.


WHO has also provided testing equipment and supplies to ensure smooth operation of these facilities, as well as trained 149 laboratory staff.


After a temporary suspension of voluntary repatriation between 04 March and 29 April due to COVID 19, UNHCR resumed its facilitated voluntary repatriation of Afghan refugees from Iran as of 30 April and from Pakistan and other countries as of 10 August.


Those families who have decided to return to their areas of origin are exposed to high risks due to IEDs and mines planted along the roads.


WFP has stated its intent to dispatch food for 500 families, with additional stocks ready to be dispatched based on assessed needs.


The government of Islamic Republic of Afghanistan in line with its constitutional mandate should devise rapid and agile policies to efficiently mobilize available resources to create the environment for eradicating GBV in response and recovery phases of COVID 19.


Seven per cent of refugees reported having no heating source at all for winter – this compares to just under two per cent for every other population group assessed.


While 86 per cent of surveyed populations reported that 1 or more adult was able to find work 1 or more days across all population groups  ( including disabled  and elderly  headed displaced households ) , this was only true for 77 per cent of female headed households, indicating the disproportionate impact on women.


Overall, the provision of information upon arrival in the border entry points, has improved  ( from 70% to 83% )  since May/June.


FGDs data indicates 95% of respondents engaging in three or more negative coping strategies to address the economic hardships and living costs.


Lack of recovery from past conflict and natural disaster shocks has disrupted access to water and sanitation services as well as hygiene practices.


Lockdown measures in Afghanistan are yet another blow in the face of millions of Afghan women, depriving them of the basic human rights and liberties they have fought for successfully in the past decades.


2020 was a psychological rollercoaster for many civilians, with periods of improved security and hope around the peace talks, followed by periods of intense violence and underlying fear over COVID 19.


For many in Afghanistan, people's living standards are not dignified, and the situation impacts on their ability to recover and cope with future shocks.


Of the 6.6 million people in need of shelter and NFI assistance in 2021, 2.9 million people are in need emergency shelter assistance  ( including rent support ) , 2.2 million people are in need of transitional shelter, 5.8 million people are in need of shelter repair and NFI assistance, and 6.4 million people are in need of winterisation support.


Since the start of border monitoring on 05 April, a total of 52,166 returnees and deportees  ( 38,785 M and 13,381 F )  were interviewed as they entered Afghanistan from Iran at Islam Qala  ( 19,947 )  and Zaranj/Milak  ( 18,905 ) , and from Pakistan at Spin Boldak/Chaman  ( 9,753 )  and Torkham  ( 3,561 ) , including 38,679 single individuals and 13,487 heads of households who returned with their families.


WHO stresses the need to balance the demands of responding directly to COVID 19, with simultaneously engaging in strategic planning and coordinated action to maintain essential health service delivery, mitigating against the risk of system collapse.


Public health experts strongly urge the public to follow health advice on physical distancing, mask wearing, good hygiene, hand washing and other proven strategies that mitigate the risk of COVID 19 transmission amid this second wave.


Ongoing fighting has also forced the closure of a number of health facilities, interrupting access to critical health services which in turn has directly impacted more than 130,000 people. Assessment teams are currently verifying the immediate needs of affected families and organising assistance.


With the funding challenges, UNICEF in consultation with government and partners, proposed a revised simplified SAM treatment dosage protocol in line with global findings. The current average dosage is 136 sachets per child which will be minimised to 90 sachets per child per treatment cycle. UNICEF began implementing the revised dosage through a phased approach starting in 5 provinces. With the revised protocol, the SAM treatment cost per child is reduced by 40%  ( from 55$ to 35$ per child. )


Undernutrition is highly prevalent among children under five years of age in Afghanistan and is an underlying cause of the country's high under five mortality rate  ( 55 per 1000 live births ) .


Usually, because of the severity of the conflict and its sudden nature, most of the livelihood assets of these vulnerable IDPs are either looted, killed or sold at very low prices.


Compared to 2019, there is an increase in the proportion of households with a poor food consumption score  ( +5% ) , as well as in the proportion of households consuming less than five different food groups  ( +15% ) ; mainly bread, oil and sugar.


Overall, largely due to the impacts of years of conflict on livelihoods, many poor households do not have sufficient income to meet all essential non food needs, with Stressed  ( IPC Phase 2 )  outcomes widespread.


However, weak economic prospects in Pakistan may affect the ability of Afghans to migrate in search of work opportunities. As a result, levels of remittances from Pakistan will likely remain below average. Meanwhile, remittances from Gulf countries are reportedly below average, though slight recovery has been reported in recent months.


41.3% of surveyed children said that they are stressed to a large extent because they felt isolated from their friends during the outbreak


Overall, humanitarian partners reached 857,000 people with psychosocial first aid support to treat trauma.


Food Security Outlook and flour prices decreased further at the national level in July 2020, but prices remain significantly higher than last year and three year average levels


In a country already beset by natural disasters and conflict, the pandemic creates an additional layer of risk for vulnerable people.


According to data from the IPC Secretariat, Afghanistan has the second highest number of people in emergency food insecurity in the world  ( 5.5 million ) .


The food security situation in Afghanistan continued to deteriorate with the percentage of food insecure people doubling.


By the end of June, close to 31,000 people across all 34 provinces were confirmed to have COVID 19.


Overcrowding synergises with low capacity WASH services to present additional transmission risks for residents.


Thousands of health care facilities and schools will continue to be in need of functional handwashing stations, safe water supply and improved sanitation facilities in 2021 – all critical to the fight against COVID 19.


In these contexts, high tenure insecurity limits investment in shelter and infrastructure, exposing residents to long periods of deprivation and accumulating vulnerabilities.


A quarter of the respondents also reported that healthcare facilities had insufficient capacity  ( 25 per cent ) , and that the distance from their shelter was a barrier  ( 24 per cent ) .


Higher prices combined with lower incomes have driven unsustainable levels of household debt and are pushing people to adopt irreversible negative livelihoods coping strategies.


The absence of female teachers dissuades parents from sending their girls to school as cultural norms promote a same sex teaching learning process.


Distance to schools and auxiliary education costs were the most frequently cited barriers for shock affected children to access education.


As a result, safe, warm and secure shelter remains out of reach for many vulnerable families.


The WoA Assessment shows that the percentage of households living with this “Emergency' Livelihood Coping Strategy Index  ( LCSI )  Score has increased from 16 per cent in 2019 to 42 per cent in 2020 amid COVID 19 and worsening security.


Following the closure of schools and the shift to alternative education approaches due to the pandemic, levels of engagement with remote learning approaches varied across populations and geographical areas.


Ministry of Public Health announced further commitments of around $300 million by the World Bank  ( $100 million ) , Asian Development Bank  ( $40 million )  and European Union  ( $129 million )  with the condition that the funds should be spent through UN and NGOs.


They often migrate without the necessary legal documents of identity and school certificates of their children, which hinders their access to support services.


Building on the second Gender Alert on COVID 19, on Ensuring Access to Services for Survivors of Violence Against Women and Girls, UN Women issues this ﬁfth alert to continue to highlight the gender speciﬁc impacts of COVID 19 in Afghanistan.


Ensure sufficient water quantity  ( 10 liters per day per pupil: 5 liters per day for drinking and hand washing & 5 liters per day or toilet cleaning in case of public toilet – as per the ANGWE )  to allow drinking and frequent handwashing as well as cleaning and disinfection of the facilities.


Support provision of PPE for non medical staff  ( gown, mask*, goggles, boots, gloves ) .


The ability of IDPs to repay remains limited. IOM data reveals that in Badghis, it would take an IDP family 16 years, on average, to repay their debt If they were able to earn the same income they earned prior to displacement.


The 2019 SFSA findings show that 16 per cent of the urban population have poor and 47 per cent have borderline food consumption scores  ( as compared to 20 per cent and 38 per cent in rural areas, respectively ) .


Based on the 2019 IPC analysis, between August and October 2019, a total of 12.5 million people  ( 34 per cent of the total population )  are in a state of severe acute food insecurity. These include around 9.5 million people in crisis  ( IPC 3 )  and 3 million people in emergency  ( IPC 4 )  phases.


Nangarhar  ( 89 schools ) , Uruzgan  ( 89 schools )  and Hilmand  ( 77 schools )  are the top three provinces with the highest percentage of closed/damaged schools.


Herat needs coordinated engagement to meet urgent needs – for infrastructure, for low tech solutions around e learning, faculty professional development, and local economic development with government, donor, private sector, higher education institutions and community engagement.


Prompt identification of vulnerability and provision of assistance will help to avoid negative protection consequences, particularly for women and girls, who tend to be particularly at risk as their families' socio economic circumstances deteriorate.


The plan includes various innovative measures to ensure continuity of education for students of general education, Islamic education and adult literacy. The plan encompasses two phases: first, an immediate emergency phase, and second, a recovery phase in order to allow stakeholders to coordinate and align both short and medium term efforts.


COVID 19 requires the continued delivery of assistance, while safeguarding affected people and humanitarian staff from the virus. This is being done as responders contend with limited global supplies of critical medical equipment and work to remain responsive to people's worsening economic situation that lockdown measures have caused.


Cash in envelopes and Hawala networks remain the primary cash transfer mechanisms in Afghanistan. Hawala systems, common throughout the Islamic countries, are well established in Afghanistan and have a strong footprint across the country. Use of such networks, as with cash in hand modalities more generally, brings some risks including cash diversion, fraud, security vulnerabilities for those carrying cash to distribution sites, and the risk of detailed beneficiary data falling into the wrong hands.


In the first nine months of 2019, children made up nearly 30 per cent of all casualties111  ( 2,461 children ) .


Consider multipurpose cash transfers to provide money to families in the interim as they look to pursue income earning opportunities which are currently limited due to the crisis


Temporary suspension of humanitarian assistance for ten days due to threats against aid organizations by some NSAGs.


Support NFI needs for adolescent girls that can help them to return or continue with education, including uniforms, shoes, school bags, soap, towels and clothes including undergarments


Support parents/caregivers and adolescent girls with programs that promote savings e.g. VSL schemes and training support can be availed.


Community learning centres offering non formal education are the preferred medium for education continuation by adolescent girls who are out of school/pregnant/married/ young mothers


Learning facilities at schools or community learning centres were reported as inadequate, and some girls reported classes as being “overcrowded'.


Support child led groups in schools and communities to raise awareness of adolescent SRHR with emphasis on tackling harmful gender norms, so as to empower girls and boys.


NFI needs, especially uniforms, shoes, school bags and clothes, were reported as necessary for adolescent girls to return or continue with school


Work with the education cluster and partners to provide designs for safe construction in schools and community learning centres.


58% of girls participating in the GES methodology disagreed that they were able to decide when to get pregnant


In the case of use of mental health and psychocial distress, some of the causes of the risks include : Increased exposure to online violence, specifically for children and adolescents living in urban areas  ( with ease access to the internet ) , children and parents/caregivers with pre existing mental health conditions may not be able to access usual supports or treatments, increased levels of stress due to loss or reduction of household income  ( due to death/illness of caregiver or due to isolation/quarantine measures )


A referral pathway has been produced and is being distributed in the communities though it does not carry enough information on service providers in areas like Lebialem which are hugely affected.


Since July 2018, the ongoing cholera epidemics affected 5 regions out of the 10 in Cameroon with a total of 2,064 cases and 111 deaths and a lethality of 5.4% as of December 2019.


In October 2019, the analysis of the Cadre Harmonisé estimated the number of food and nutritionally insecure people at 5,220,000. Of these, 1,370,000 people have immediate survival needs and require emergency food assistance  ( phases 3 to 5 )  and 3,850,000 people need livelihood protection  ( phase 2 ) .


Due to the lockdowns announced in June, there was a significant drop in the number of incidents recorded by protection teams. 386 incidents were recorded through the UNHCR / INTERSOS protection monitoring project, far less than the 1,093 incidents reported in the month of May. This is because field activities were reduced considerably and by restrictions on freedom of movement including for humanitarian activities imposed by NSAGs.


The consequences of the various humanitarian crises in Cameroon are aggravating factors for the deterioration of the already fragile nutritional state of the affected populations. In fact, the prevalence of stunting is above the alert threshold of 30% in all regions affected by humanitarian crises  ( with the exception of the South West )  and the rates of acute malnutrition have not significantly evolved for several years and remain in the alert thresholds for the North and the Far North regions


[ North West & South West ]  In 2019, the two regions recorded epidemics of cholera  ( 302 cases, 14 deaths ) ,19 measles and monkeypox.


[ North West & South West ]  Meanwhile, the current assistance provided is small scale compared to the growing needs.


Selon la DTM, le nombre de personnes retournées à l'Extrême  Nord dépasse désormais les 50 000 et atteindra les 100 000 en septembre 2018.


[ North West & South West Crisis ]  According to protection monitoring carried out, 5,187 protection incidents were recorded between January and September 2019. Attacks on villages, burning of houses and killings have been recorded. House destruction alone accounted for 41% of the incidents recorded and homicides for 7.5%.


[ North West & South West Crisis ]  Insecurity, including prolonged periods of lockdowns, clashes or the prospect of a possible confrontation between armed actors, protection risks and the absence of State authority are the main causes of population movements.


The persistence of the crisis in the North West and South West regions, the hardening of the positions of the parties to the conflict in managing the crisis and the low interest of the international community have aggravated the impact on the lives of the civilian population.


Critical problems of the population in the Far North related to resilience and recovery : PIN 942k / WOMEN 50% / CHILDREN 56% / PERSONS WITH DISABILITY 15 %


Une formation des équipes d'interventions rapides au profit des districts de santé affectés par l'urgence humanitaire a été entreprise afin de leur permettre de mener les investigations des alertes épidémiques dans les délais et/ou envisager des actions de réponse prompte et adéquate.


Sur 100 personnes interrogées  [ migrants ] , 84 affirment que leur situation s'est fortement voire très fortement détériorée 2, en raison du manque de clients, de la difficulté à s'approvisionner et de la hausse des prix, notamment dans le secteur de l'élevage où l'augmentation du prix des intrants a été couplée à la division par près de moitié des prix des produits de l'élevage, mais aussi pour les activités journalières sans protection sociale exercées notamment sur les chantiers ou dans les restaurants.


Dans la loi des Finance des Finances rectificatives promulguée le 3 juin 2020, les recettes de l'Etat sont révisées à la hauteur de 4409,1 milliards de FCFA soit une baisse de  542,6 milliards de FCFA par rapport à la loi des Finances initiales


Ces régions  [ régions orientales ]  sont également les régions de d'accueil de la transhumance internationale en provenance du Tchad et de la République centrafricaine, qui provoquent de nombreux conflits autour de la gestion des ressources naturelles.

Context->Security & stability
Context->Environment


[ Adamawa, North and East ]  Likewise, the February 2020 local elections are not expected to disrupt humanitarian activities.


Sur le plan sanitaire, la situation sécuritaire a rendu la disponibilité des services de santé tributaire de la présence des acteurs humanitaires  ( la majorité des personnels de santé agents publics desdites zones fuient le conflit armé ) . Ceci augmente une pression supplémentaire sur les services de santé déjà dépassés qui sont encore fonctionnels et les déplacements transfrontaliers, accroissent le risque d'épidémies.


Enfin, la crise dans le Nord Ouest et le Sud Ouest qui a gagné en intensité en 2018 et affecte aussi les régions du Littoral et de l'Ouest pose le problème de l'accès aux zones abritant les PDI dans un contexte de haute insécurité où des formations sanitaires sont vandalisées, détruites et/ou pillées.


Ces activités de Boko Haram  [ attaques, violences, abus ]  ont conduit au déplacement de près de 40 380 Nigérians de la ville de Rann pour les localités de Goura, Medina, dans certaines localités à la frontière du Cameroun


Cependant avec la crise de 2015 et l'accélération des projets d'infrastructures, ce taux  [ le ratio de la dette publique ]  a évolué très rapidement pour se situer à 36,9 % du PIB en 2019 et prévu à la baisse à 35,1 % du PIB en 2020.


Dans la réponse aux urgences, des médicaments et autres consommables médicaux sont constamment pré positionnés dans des formations sanitaires des zones affectées afin de faciliter l'accès des populations vulnérables au soins de santé.


Health Cluster coordination meetings and inter cluster coordination meetings.


Despite access constraints and insufficient GBV services, 573 GBV cases were reported in July in the NWSW regions representing an increase of 79 percent compared to June. This can be explained by not only and increase on the number of interventions, but also by an increase in the number of partners sharing their data  ( 15 compared to 6 in June )  and therefore and increase on the reported incidents.

Humanitarian conditions->Physical and mental well being


A CERF reprogramming request of 52,310 USD to ensure integration of COVID  19 infection prevention and control  ( IPC )  measures in the ongoing nutrition response and broader intersectoral response was also approved.


The  [ via SHUMAS and SUHADER nutrition ]  assistance consisted of the provision of specialized nutritious food  ( Super Cereal Plus )  to children aged between 6 to 23 months and PLW from vulnerable households.


Market monitoring tools have been developed by the  [ Food Security ]  Cluster and the WFP VAM  [ Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping ]  team.


The assessment  [ Cluster response and risk assessment report ]  indicated among other issues that national partners do not have adequate PPEs  [ Personal Protective Equipment ]  to support their frontline staff because of budgetary limitations.


More cases of COVID 19 are being recorded as community transmission grows in the regions. As of 30 April, the NW had 16 confirmed cases and the SW 31.


All trainings, field days and field visits have been put on hold and will resume once the context allows.  [ food security cluster ]


Also, in Kadey  ( Kette, Batouri ) , Lom and Djerem  ( Bertoua 1 2, Mandjou )  and Mbere  ( Ngaoui, Meiganga )  divisions, communities participated in consultations to set up SEA  ( sexaual exploitation and abuse )  community based complaints and feedback mechanisms.  [ with the help of UNICEF and IMC ]


The teachers also received  [ in addition of psychosocial support and application of COVID 19 risk mitigation measures ]  3 day training on the use of tablets online and offline for teaching in the classroom.


livestock prices at the main markets in the Far North region remain stable but higher than in previous years because of trade flows to Douala, Yaoundé and neighboring countries  ( Chad, CAR, Gabon and Equatorial Guinea ) , although trading activity with these regions has slowed due to the COVID 19 pandemic.


Bamenda is the only functioning livestock market in the conflict affected regions, and livestock products such as milk, meat and manure are in short supply


agriculture and subsistence activities declined by 43 percent and several FAO and United Nations Development Programme  ( UNDP )  projects came to an end.


This reduction  [ less people reached with cash and in kind ]  was due to the suspension of World Food Programme  ( WFP )  assistance in the Northwest and Southwest regions for security and operational reasons.


COVID 19 continues to take the heaviest toll on poor households in the two largest cities  ( Yaoundé and Douala ) , where some food prices have risen above seasonal levels as a result of disruptions to local supply chains and speculative trading practices. However, the Government has taken measures to contain price increases to below 10 percent.


Près de 80% de la superficie  [ de l'arrondissement de Zina ]  est constituée du yaéré  ( bas fonds ou vallée )  et est inondable.


Les besoins  [ en nutrition ]  non couverts restent très importants. Seuls 10 districts sur 30 sont couverts pour la prise en charge de la malnutrition aigue modérée  ( MAM ) , 13 sur 30 pour la lutte contre la malnutrition chronique et 5 sur 30 partiellement couverts par le Programme BSFP  [ Blanket Supplementary Feeding Program ]


En juin 2020, 539 nouveaux PDI et 3,127 réfugiés nigérians avaient été identifiés par l'Organisation internationale pour les migrations  ( OIM )  dans le cadre du mécanisme de suivi des déplacements  ( DTM Round 21  juin 2020 )  dans les localités de Mogogné, Ayouri2, Gadalayo dans le canton de Kossa, arrondissement de Mora dans le Mayo Sava.


Les inondations  [ de la rivière Logone en crue depuis octobre 2019 ]  ont causés des dégâts matériels importants dans les localités affectées, détruisant ou endommageant 1070 maisons et des biens des habitants.


Les installations d'approvisionnement en eau et d'assainissement sont inutilisables. Les latrines des ménages et dans les 6 centres de santé visités sont soient effondrées ou submergées par les eaux provoquant la remontée et le flottement des excrétas à la surface des eaux utilisées par les populations sinistrées.  [ suite aux dégâts matériels causés par les inondations de la rivière Logone en crue depuis octobre 2019 ]


Le niveau d'insécurité alimentaire qui prévaut dans la région de l'Extrême Nord reste préoccupant. Alors que les ménages traversent la période de soudure  ( juin  septembre )  ou les stocks alimentaires diminuent – dans le Mayo Danay et le Logone et Chari, 57% des ménages ont épuisé leur stock   et les prix du marché croissent fortement, le Projet de renforcement du système national de surveillance et d'alerte précoce  ( PRESNAP )  relève que 33% des ménages de la région se trouvent en situation d'insécurité alimentaire, dont 3% en situation d'insécurité alimentaire sévère.


Par contre, 99%  [ des répondants des deux sites de IDPs à Mémé  ( Igawa 1, Igawa 2, Djamakia et Bia )  et à Zamaï, ayant répondu a 248 questionnaires et 12 FGD sur la période allant du jeudi 01 au 04 juillet 2020 ]  expliquent que de nombreuses rumeurs circulent au sein de leurs communautés qu'au fait que ce virus ne touche uniquement que les blancs, que les riches ou que les vieux, ou encore que le virus n'existe pas.


81%  [ des répondant des deux sites de IDPs à Mémé  ( Igawa 1, Igawa 2, Djamakia et Bia )  et à Zamaï, ayant répondu a 248 questionnaires et 12 FGD sur la période allant du jeudi 01 au 04 juillet 2020 ]  ont reçu des infos sur la prévention du coronavirus mais moins de la moitié ont entendu parler des symptômes, des modes de transmission ou de la conduite à tenir s'ils sont infectés.


Grâce à l'appui des organisations internationales, des protocoles d'hygiène adaptés ont été mis en place  [ dans les écoles ]  pour limiter le risque de propagation du virus. Ces appuis restent néanmoins insuﬃsants et répartis de manière inégale dans l'ensemble des départements.


[ Gaps and constraints:  ]  The need to scale up data channel among RCCE  [ RISK COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT ]  partners to achieve nation wide updated figures of sensitization activities  [ on Covid 19 ] .


Suite à la visite du Gouverneur de la région de l'Extrême Nord le 3 août, une unité de gendarmes supplémentaire a été déployée pour renforcer la sécurité à Nguetchewe, et prévenir ainsi un nouveau mouvement massif de population  [ suite à l'attaque suicide du 1er août ] .


Selon l'enquête relaissée par le Système national de surveillance d'alerte précoce  ( PRESNAP ) , l'accès à l'eau potable dans la région pendant la saison des pluies est majoritairement  ( 64% )  possible grâce aux nombreux puits à motricité manuel. Pendant cette saison, 91% des personnes ont accès à un point d'eau à moins d'un kilomètre  ( 15 minutes de marche en moyenne ) . Ces données relativement satisfaisantes en termes d'accès physique à l'eau potable ne reflètent cependant pas la situation réelle. En termes de quantité, 105 litres d'eau   potable ou non   sont disponibles par jour et par ménage, soit un peu moins de 15 litres par personne et par jour, standard minimum de référence utilisés par les organisations humanitaires. Les quantités les plus faibles affectent les ménages des départements du Diamare et du Mayo Danay, qui ne sont pourtant pas directement affectés par le conflit armé.


L'ONG Alima assure la prise en charge pédiatrique et nutritionnelle des enfants de moins de cinq ans dans le département du Mayo Tsanaga.


Les voies d'accès terrestres dans ces arrondissements  [ Zina, Logone Birni, Wasa, Makary et Fotokol ]  sont déjà impraticables, empêchant dès lors la continuité des programmes d'assistance humanitaire.


Les femmes sont celles qui sont le plus inquiètes d'avoir un accès réduit aux denrées alimentaire ou de perdre l'assistance des ONGs.  [ selon les répondants des deux sites de IDPs à Mémé  ( Igawa 1, Igawa 2, Djamakia et Bia )  et à Zamaï, ayant répondu a 248 questionnaires et 12 FGD sur la période allant du jeudi 01 au 04 juillet 2020 ]


Other WASH activities and persons reached include: Hygiene Promotion, 37,941  ( 1,170 dignity kits distributed during hygiene promotion activities ) ; WASH NFI kits   10,495; Sanitation  400 stations installed


Focus Group Discussions  ( FGDs )  were remotely conducted through an operational local NGO, CUAPWD  ( Coordinating Unit of Associations of Persons Living with Disability )  and 130 community based focal points.


A total of 483 people living with disabilities benefitted from essential health care services, screening for various diseases and sensitization on diseases of epidemic potential including COVID 19.  [ with the support of WHO, Caritas and Reach Out providing mobile clinics ]


[ 220?000 persons displaced ]  Including the people in need of urgent humanitarian assistance within the North West and South West  ( 1.9 million ) , assessments have shown that 675,000 IDPs and host community members need assistance in the Littoral, West and Central regions due to effects of the crisis in the North West and South West.


Aperçu des déplacements: 321 886 Personnes déplacées internes, 123 489 Retournés, 48 769 Réfugiés hors camp  ( 494 144 Individus , 78 386 Ménages, 964 Localités évaluées +33 Villages recensés depuis le précédent round )    50,7% Hom. 49,3% Fem, 64% Mineurs, 7,8 = Taille moyenne des ménages


49 incidents sécuritaires qui se sont traduits par 30 morts et neuf blessés ont été répertoriés dans la région de l'Extrême Nord en novembre 2020.


WHO and the U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention  ( D )  are providing technical support and are closely monitoring the situation in Cameroon.


JANUARY 2015: 35,000 Nigerian refugees arrive in the Far North. That number increased to 86,000 in December 2016, including 60,000 in the Minawao refugee camp, three times its capacity.


Partners supported 15 persons  ( seven women )  to re establish civil status documents of which 10 were in the NW. Partners also gave legal support to 41 people, with 27 in the NW  ( 21 women ) . Partners provided various assistance to 317 persons with disability or special needs  ( 252 women ) . Partners reached 8,500 people  ( 5,600 women )  with protection awareness/sensitisation sessions in the Mezam, Bui and Fako divisions.


As of mid March 2020, disbursements and borrowing appear limited, mainly driven by budget support and the signing of AfDB projects. A small amount of external arrears arose in April  ( 10 billion CFAF )  due to the Covid 19 shock but are in the process of being cleared.


Le 18 Septembre 2020 : Atelier de renforcement des capacités de 09 points focaux Prévention et Contrôle de l'infection ( PCI )  dans 09 Districts de Santé de la ville de Douala sur la PCI de la maladie à la COVID 19 dans le cadre de projet AFD  ( Agence Française de Developpement  ) .


In South West and North West, people living with HIV who were on ARVs  [ antiretrovirals ]  can no longer access drugs when they are in the bush, increasing the risk of contamination.


The signing in 2019 of the Tripartite Agreement for the voluntary repatriation of Central African refugees made it possible to establish the legal framework for this activity. The repatriation process was launched with 3,309 refugees repatriated as of 18 December 2019, a process that will continue in 2020 and in the years to come.


7. Expanding the social transfers to all in need, with the World Bank and the Donors to support MINAS  [ Ministry of Social Affairs  ]  and MINEPAT  [ Ministry of Economy, Planning and Regional Development ]  expand the coverage, including ensuring interim operational support from UN agencies and  ( I ) NGOs. Resources are partially available for this action.


There is a need to build the capacity of more health professional to provide the clinical management of rape  ( CMR ) , and psychosocial support to survivors, especially in hard to reach areas and villages.


March 2020 Cadre Harmonisé data modelling by MINADER, FAO and WFP found out that over 4,857,749 people in the ten regions will employ stress, crisis or emergency coping strategies to secure household level food security as a result of overall effects due to the impacts of COVID 19.


Cinq nouvelles localités accueillant les réfugiés hors camp ont été identifiées, hébergeant 126 ménages de 768 individus. Un total de 382 naissances a été enregistré parmi les réfugiés hors camp depuis le dernier round.


Parmi l'ensemble des déplacements recensés depuis 2015  ( PDI, réfugiés hors camp et retournés ) , les nouveaux déplacements, recensés entre janvier et mai 2020, représentent 11 % du total, alors que les déplacements recensés sur toute l'année 2019 représentent 12 % du total et 11 % pour 2018. Les autres personnes se sont déplacées avant 2015  ( 19% ) , en 2015  ( 17% ) , en 2016  ( 17% ) , en 2017  ( 13% ) .


Dans l'Est et l'Adamaoua, les services sociaux de base ne sont pas outillés pour répondre à la demande de toute la population, y compris celle des réfugiés centrafricains.


Health Cluster partners and NGOs organization are working in the field  ( sensitization activities, and Setting up hand washing stations ) .


[ IMMEDIATE NEEDS: ]  Material to set up more screening points  ( Frontiers with Nigeria, SW, West Regions ) .


[ IMMEDIATE NEEDS: ]  Training in Risk Communication; Training in contact tracing;  [ COVID 19 ]


[ IMMEDIATE NEEDS: ]  Put in place Rapid intervention and investigation teams in the Health districts;


[ Adamaoua, l'Est et le Nord ]   [ Besoins Prioritaires ]  • Renforcement des activités de prévention des risques de violences, de négligence et d'abus sur les enfants dans le contexte du COVID 19 avec un accent sur la formation des leaders relais communautaires, la sensibilisation de la communauté et la gestion des cas ;


[ Adamaoua, l'Est et le Nord ]   [ Besoins Prioritaires ]  • Plaidoyer auprès des Ministères de l'Administration Territoriale, de la Santé et du BUNEC pour la création de centres d'état civil secondaires dans les formations sanitaires afin de faciliter l'enregistrement universel des naissances


[ Adamaoua, l'Est et le Nord ]  Sous Catégorie de la vulnérabilité Enfant non accompagné ou séparé  ( 6 176 individus )  = 5%  ( 296 individus )  des enfants sont non accompagnés et localisés comme suit, 39% dans le Lom EtDjerem 21% dans le Mbere, 23% dans la Kadei, 13% dans le Mayo Rey, 3% dans la Boumba Et Ngoko, et aucun dans la Vina et leDjerem.


The GoC  [ Government of Cameroon ]  advocates for school attendance and provides initiatives that aim to improve conditions for students and teachers, including encouraging the creation of militias to inform the security forces of the suspected movements of armed groups and ensuring transportation for education staff to schools


OCHA reports that schools in urban centres in the NWSW regions have become overcrowded however, as only some schools are functional and students from other areas are attending the few schools that are operating  ( OCHA 02/02/2021 ) .


On 25 November 2020, the Minister of Women's Empowerment and the Family, in partnership with UN Women Cameroon and with the support of the Federal Republic of Germany, launched the 16 days of activism against gender based violence.


While 39 per cent of the national Cameroonian population lives below the poverty line, this rate rises to 51.5 per cent for women. Of these, eight out of ten women are underemployed.


[ COVID 19 ]  A ce jour, le pays compte officiellement 1017 cas de personnes infectées, 305 personnes guéries pour 42 décès.


In SW WHO donated about 2000 stickers and 1000 posters of commination materials on COVID 19 with the regional delegation to share with various health districts.


[ Covid 19 ]  Le Cameroun reste le 9ème pays africain qui a le plus grand nombre de cas positifs et celui qui a le taux de guérison le plus élevé soit 94%


UNICEF has launched the new RCCE  [ Risk Communication and community engagement ]  strategy at the 17 entry points. The launching ceremony, that took place in Mbalmayo  ( Centre region )  and Ngaoundéré  ( Adamawa region )  was organized jointly with a training session for key stakeholders of border health post, with the technical support of IFRC  [ International Federation of Red Cross ] .


The pandemic shock hit as the authorities were seeking to strengthen fiscal and external buffers and manage risks to the economy.


In a context where refugees cannot easily find employment, given the localities in which they live and which lack daily economic activities, these people depend on humanitarian aid for their basic needs.


A potential option would be to engage with a third party who would carefully collect all available data from all operators in Cameroon and provide a clear picture of the current status of CVA  [ Cash and Voucher Assistance ]  , per geographical area and categories of population, including the distribution among the main groups of stakeholders. This is probably the most critical aspect of CVA delivery in Cameroon  ( and also in the other studied countries )  and would require strategic decision at the level of main counterparts.


UNHCR Transitional Safety Net  ( TSN )  Cash pilot started in September 2018 serving +1800 households and expanded to +6900 households. • The cash based assistance is mirrored to the SSN  [ social safety net ]  whose caseload includes 30% refugees  ( TSN 70% )  and 70% local community  ( TSN 30% ) . Coordination starts with sharing the mapping of locations with highest refugee rate per population. Targeting criteria specifies that they should be households not covered by the national SSN, assistance by WFP or any other humanitarian assistance. • Norwegian Refugee Council  ( NRC )  closely work and complements with UNHCR whereas International Rescue Committee  ( IRC )  complements this work with Unconditional Multi Purpose Cash transfers to 1,945 households and Unconditional Cash Vouchers for Food and non food items  ( NFI )  to 1,485 households.


l'Extrême Nord compte 116 979 personnes retournées pour 17 475 ménages  ( soit 6% de plus que le round précédent ) . Ces personnes résident dans 316 localités, soit 8 nouvelles localités identifiées. Parmi ces retournés, 106 131 sont des personnes anciennement PDI, ce qui représente 91% du pourcentage total de retournés. Parmi celles ci, la grande majorité  ( 104 994, soit 99% )  a été déplacée au sein de l'Extrême Nord, et 1 137, soit 1%, était déplacées dans les régions du Nord et de l'Est. Par ailleurs, les 9% restants reviennent de pays voisins.


les PDI présentes dans la région se sont en majorité déplacées entre 2014 et 2016  ( 65% ) , périodes pendant lesquelles la région a subi le plus grand nombre des attaques survenues. En 2018, 21 176 PDI ont été dénombrées, et en 2019, 41 575 nouvelles PDI ont été enregistrées, ce qui représente une hausse considérable par rapport aux chiffres des deux dernières années, en raison des aléas climatiques et de la recrudescence marquée des violences.

Displacement->Type/numbers/movements
Context->Security & stability


Entre le 1 er et le 9 Janvier 2021, 62 ménages de 343 PDI ont été contraints de quitter leurs localités d'origine, Moskota, Krawa Mafa, Hitere et Yamgazawa  ( arrondissement de Mayo Moskota, département de Mayo Tsanaga )  pour trouver refuge dans les localités de Ouzal  ( même arrondissement ) , Gokoro et Modoko  ( arrondissement de Koza, département de Mayo Tsanaga )  en raison d'attaques répétées de groupes armées non étatiques dans leurs villages d'origine. Les populations affectées se sont majoritairement déplacées à pied. Elles prévoient de rester temporairement, le temps que la situation revienne à la normale. Aucune assistance n'a été fournie pour l'instant.


In response to the closure of all educational facilities because of COVID 19, the Education Cluster partners – including national NGOs – implemented distance learning activities in the NWSW regions. This was mostly conducted through radio education, and comprised literacy and mathematic sessions. Radio learning sessions were organised in small groups or in community centres. Some aid organisations in the NWSW regions organised computer, TV, and tablet based learning.


To circumvent school closures in the NW and SW regions, some parents send their children to the West and Littoral regions, including to Douala, Limbe, Tiko and Buea, for better education opportunities and to escape insecurity in their communities. This however exposes them to higher protection risks as they are left on their own in urban areas.


In spite of repeated calls from humanitarian and human rights organisations for education to be depoliticized, schools have been burnt, teachers and students intimidated, kidnapped and even killed, and some have seen their hands chopped off by members of armed groups.


Medical measures comprised of systematic COVID 19 screening of individuals is currently effective on the Chadian side of the Pont Bongor PoE. The affected populations stuck at these PoEs  [ points of entries: Pont Bongor and Pousse  ( Mayo Danay )  Iviyé  ( Logone et Chari )  ]  are Chadian and Cameroonian citizens who were planning to cross the border for work purposes. All of them were planning to cross the border using canoes.


185 événements pourraient encore présenter des risques de représailles et nécessiteraient des intervention telle que le dialogue entre les acteurs impliqués, la restauration des espaces pastoraux, la plantation de culture fourragère, le balisage des routes de transhumance et la réhabilitation d'infrastructures, actions menées par l'OIM et la FAO dans le cadre de ce projet.


As the positions of separatist armed groups become more diversified, some have become more violent, pursuing the boycott of the GoC  [ Government of Cameroon ]  educational system and conducting attacks on schools. Despite some attempts to negotiate between the GoC and the separatist armed groups – including mediation by third parties – the crisis remains unresolved, and violence continues.


One year after the start of the crisis, on 1 October 2017, secessionist militants symbolically proclaimed the independence of the NWSW regions, calling it Ambazonia. Manifestations surrounding this event were counteracted by security forces and the crisis escalated into a violent conflict between security forces and some of the separatist armed groups, impacting the civilian population.

Context->Security & stability
Context->Politics


EDUCATION 28,79 % d'enfants en âge scolaire inscrits à l'école primaire 6,02 % d'enfants en âge scolaire inscrits à l'école secondaire


Sécurité Alimentaire Distribution de vivres en nature ou crédit pour l'achat de vivres  ( CBT )  = 1050 Kcal/pers/jr   soit 50% du standard équivalent en cash à 4400 FCFA / pers / mois.


Abri et NFI 96,09% de réfugiés ayant accès à un abri décent 0% de réfugiés ayant reçu une assistance en NFI

Humanitarian conditions
Capacities & response


WASH 21,65 personnes par latrines 27,16 personnes par douches 285 personnes par point d'eau 20,15 Litres d'eau / Personne / Jour 396 réfugiés par promoteur d' hygiène


Children began the 2020–2021 school year in October 2020 with in person classes, but attacks on schools have continued. During the first week of the new school year and prior to the 35 attacks, for the first time since the beginning of the conflict two key separatist leaders called for schools to be reopened in the NWSW regions. They stressed that school boycotts were no longer a weapon against the GoC  [ Government of Cameroon's ]


OCHA reports that between 1 October–10 December 2020, there were 35 attacks on education facilities in the NWSW regions


Dans le département du Logone Et Chari, 92,6% des PDI se sont déplacées du fait du conflit contre 7,4% à cause des aléas climatiques et moins de 1% à cause des conflits intercommunautaires.


Dans tous les départements évalués, la plus grande partie des populations déplacées vit en famille d'accueil  ( 41% du total )  ou en abris spontanés  ( 24%, 116 sites spontanés ont été comptabilisés au total ) .


A minimum package of social protection could be a solution  ( pending further development )  and the question of how to implement it is critical too.


Moyens de subsistance 30,90% de personnes prises en charge  ( 18 59 ans )  ayant leur propre affaire ou travaillant comme indépendant depuis plus de 12 mois N/A % de ménages ayant accès à une énergie renouvelable ou durable


NUTRITION Taux de malnutrition globale  ( GAM )  = 4% Taux de malnutrition sévère  ( SAM )  = 0,80%


Overall, three quarters of respondents report NFE  [ non formal education ]  leaders to be unpaid. This was higher in the NW, where 94% of respondents reported that NFE leaders were unpaid. This aligns with respondents' estimation that children only need to pay for NFE in 15% of communities with parents almost always  [ 87% ]  covering this cost.


On 1 October, NSAGs celebrated their Independence Day in several areas. They hoisted flags, marched and carried out other festivities in several localities.


4 main forms of NFE  [ non formal education ]  were reported; education at home, community learning, bush school learning and radio education. Only one form of DTL  ( radio education )  was identified, and was reported by 10% of partners. Interestingly, partners report a greater range of forms of NFE in the SW than in the NW. In the NW, education at home and bush school learning comprise 91% of NFE.


Protection Cluster = 2.7M People In Need  ( Child Protection = 1M & GBV = 1.6M )


Dans le département du Logone Et Chari, 95% des PDI se sont déplacées du fait du conflit contre 5% à cause des aléas climatiques.

Displacement->Type/numbers/movements
Context->Security & stability
Context->Environment


In the more urban communities, such as Limbe 1 or Limbe 3, the number of KIs reporting an access to a functioning water point rises up to 87 percent and 83 percent, respectively.


18 ménages de 103 PDI se sont déplacés des localités de Yamgazawa, Hitere, Moskota et Zelevet, vers la localité de Gokoro. Tous les ménages résident parmi des familles d'accueil.


As well as the Anglophone crisis and the COVID 19 outbreak, the Far North region has been affected by a surge of violence and insecurity related to the activities of Boko Haram.


Entre le 11 et le 15 Avril 2020, 198 ménages de 1 197 PDI ont été contraints de fuir la localité de Tayer  ( arrondissement de Mora, département du Mayo Sava ) , en raison d'attaques de groupes armés non étatiques. Les populations affectées se sont déplacées à pied. Elles prévoient de rester temporairement dans leur localité d'arrivée, le temps que la situation revienne à la normale dans leurs localité d'origine. Aucune assistance n'a été fournie.


Les ménages enquêtés se sont déplacés principalement par groupes de plusieurs familles. En effet, approximativement 76 % des familles PDI et refugiés ont voyagé en groupe.


Partenaires Santé : AHA, PAM, UNICEF, OMS, UNFPA, UNHCR, MINSANTE


les prix actuels des céréales à Maroua ont augmenté de 25 pour cent par rapport à la même période l'année dernière en raison de nonravitaillement des bassins de production du Nord à cause de la mauvaise récolte cette année liée à l'arrêt précoce des pluies et aussi les flux transfrontaliers illégal vers le Nigeria.


Du fait de l'insécurité, des groupes de familles travaillent dans leurs champs dans la journée, mais quittent leurs villages à la nuit tombée pour dormir dans les montagnes ou à proximité des villes. Ainsi, plus de 60 familles de Hitere et de Nguetchewe dorment dans les montagnes de Mozogo et Modoko dans le Mayo Tsanaga.


La présence de ces groupes  [ GANE/ groupes armés avec engins explosifs improvisés  ( EEI )  ] , à bord de bateaux ou de pirogues dans la zone lacustre, rend difficile l'accès par les humanitaire à une population d'environ 35 000 personnes.


[ Info gaps and need ]  • Detailed information on the current education situation and needs in the NWSW regions is limited, including: • data on student attendance rates for the 2019–2020 academic year • literacy rates for 2019 and 2020 • Detailed information on attendance and literacy rates prior to the conflict is lacking.

Information and communication->Knowledge and info gaps (hum)


L'International Rescue Committee  ( IRC )  a formé trois comités de protection dans les villages d'Igawa et Mozogo composés de 45 membres dont 24 hommes et 21 femmes sur les techniques de sensibilisation et référencement en vue de l'implémentation des plans communautaires de protection.


[ Nous appelons les acteurs humanitaires et les donateurs à ]  donner aux adolescent ( e ) s des compétences de la vie courante, des informations et un accès aux services  [ santé/ soins VBG / scolarisation ]


Juillet 2018: Déclaration de l'épidémie de choléra dans la région du Centre suivie par le Nord, le Littoral et l'Extrême Nord. Plus de 990 cas recensés dont 59 décès enregistrés au 21 décembre 2018.


[ Extrême Nord ]  Vulnérabilité liée à la protection de l'enfance : 1.9%  ( 95 individus )  de filles sont des épouses et sont localisées comme suit, 59% dans le Mayo Tsanaga, 26% dans le Logone Et Chari, 15% dans le Mayo Sava.


Recommandations / Access : Advocacy for safe access of children to non formal learning spaces must be a priority. In particular, actors must work together to address key security concerns: unsafe travel and the risk of detention of children on their way to learning spaces.


[ Extrême Nord ]  Vulnérabilité liée à la protection de l'enfance : 3%  ( 121 individus )  sont des enfants chefs de famille et localisés comme suit, 88% dans le Mayo Tsanaga 9% dans le Logone Et Chari, 2% dans le Mayo Sava.


BESOINS PRIORITAIRES: ABRIS+ ARTICLES NON ALIMENTAIRES + VIVRES


As Cameroon's main trading partners – China and countries from the European Union   are most affected by the COVID 19 pandemic, it is likely to suffer from falling prices for its main export products.


Humanitarian needs are compounded by structural development deficits and chronic vulnerabilities that further challenge the long term recovery of affected people.


Non state armed groups have increased their presence in hard to reach areas, particularly in the North West. People in these regions find themselves cut off from basic services and economic opportunities.


The case fatality rate is 1.9 per cent. Cameroon remains eleventh in the list of countries with the highest number of positive cases in Africa.


ACQUIS: Algorithme de prise en charge disponible GAPS:   Stock d'intrants pour prise en charge d'éventuels cas à pourvoir


En réponse aux inondations dans le Logone et Chari, IRC a distribué 707 kits non vivres à 5 514 personnes déplacées dans la ville de Kousseri.


ACQUIS: Salle d'isolement et de traitement identifiées à Yaoundé et à Douala GAPS:   Très faible capacité d'accueil dans les salles d'isolement identifiées   Besoin important en équipement des salles d'isolement et de traitement   Salle d'isolement hors normes


en 2020, la zone de l'Extrême Nord a bénéficié d'une pluviométrie tardive mais abondante, au dessus de la moyenne annuelle. Ceci a causée des inondations qui persistent tout au long de la rivière El Beid en laissant certaines zones, notamment à Fotokol dans le district de Makary, difficilement accessibles.


Une crise sans précédent secoue les régions Nord Ouest et Sud Ouest depuis 2016. Parti de revendications corporatistes, le conflit s'est militarisé à partir d'octobre 2017, provocant des déplacements de populations fuyant les violences et l'insécurité.


Au moins 18 659 nouveaux individus se sont déplacés entre août et décembre 2019 à cause des inondations  ( soit 57% du total ) , dont 14 778 individus dans le Mayo Danay  ( 79% )  et 3 811 individus dans le Logone Et Chari  ( 21% ) .


Le nombre de réfugiés hors camp a connu une augmentation de 3% par rapport au round précédent, soit 1 464 personnes de plus. Cela se justifie par le fait que de nouvelles arrivées de réfugiés Nigérians ont été observées dans l'arrondissement de Mayo Moskota, dans le Mayo Tsanaga, dans l'arrondissement de Mora dans le Mayo Sava et dans les arrondissements de Makary et Waza dans le Logone Et Chari. Ces déplacements ont été provoqués par une hausse de l'insécurité et des violences dans le Nord Est du Nigéria depuis le début de l'année 2020.


La prévalence de la malnutrition chronique de 28,7 %  [ 24,0   33,8 ] , bien qu'« élevée » chez les enfants âgés de 6 à 59 mois, reste alignée avec les valeurs observées au niveau régional. Cela n'est pas surprenant car cette forme de malnutrition est moins sensible aux chocs.


Les approches de dépistage de la malnutrition doivent prendre en compte la divergence significative entre le diagnostic par P/T  [ Poids pour taille ]  et par PB  [ Périmètre brachial ]  afin de pouvoir détecter tous les enfants souffrant de la malnutrition aiguë. Il pourrait être envisageable d'augmenter les seuils de dépistages PB actuellement implémentés par les projets en place  ( ex. PB mères ) . Toutefois, il serait nécessaire de confirmer cette tendance avec un plus grand nombre de données, par exemple en analysant des données des enquêtes SMART annuelles pour cette région.


Entre le 24 et le 28 Juin 2020, 109 ménages de 376 PDI ont été contraints de quitter la localité de Cheripouri  ( arrondissement de Kolofata, département du Mayo Sava )  vers les localités de Gance  ( arrondissement de Kolofata, département du Mayo Sava ) , de Zamai  ( arrondissement de Mokolo, département du Mayo Tsanaga )  et de Moussourtouk  ( arrondissement de Moutourwa, département du Mayo Kani ) , en raison d'attaques répétées de groupes armés non étatiques ayant eu lieu du 22 et 26 juin dans la zone.


65 ménages de 500 PDI se sont déplacés vers la localité de Tilde Site  ( arrondissement de Logone Birni ) .


Les populations affectées se sont déplacées à pied et n'ont pour l'instant pas d'abris où loger. Elles prévoient de rester temporairement dans leur localité d'arrivée, le temps que la situation revienne à la normale dans leurs localité d'origine. Aucune assistance n'a été fournie.


27 ménages 134 PDI se sont déplacés vers la localité de Kourgui, tous ont trouvé refuge au sein des familles d'accueil.


Les flux comptabilisés  [ en mars ]  sont néanmoins très majoritairement internes au Cameroun  ( 73% ) , notamment entre Maroua et Kousseri, même s'ils sont encore importants avec le Tchad  ( 23% ) , au niveau du point de Madana.


Les conflits agro pastoraux liés à la transhumance, pratique ancestrale au Cameroun et dans la sous région, sont devenus une cause d'insécurité majeure à la frontière avec le Tchad et la République centrafricaine.


L'attaque d'un camp militaire dans la nuit du 29 au 30 janvier 2020 par un groupe armé non étatique dans la localité de Blaram  ( arrondissement de Blangoua, département du Logone et Chari )  a provoqué le déplacement de 77 ménages de 312 individus depuis Blaram jusqu'à Blangoua, entre le 30 janvier et le 1 er février. Selon les populations déplacées, d'autres ménages sont encore en chemin et pourraient arriver dans les prochains jours. Les populations déplacées n'ont encore reçu aucune assistance et disent ne pas vouloir retourner dans leur localité d'origine tant qu'ils ne seront pas en sécurité.


le pourcentage de retournés par rapport à la population déplacée totale  ( PDI, réfugiés hors camp et retournés )  dans la région de l'Extrême Nord augmente de manière assez constante. En termes absolus, le nombre de retournés a également fortement augmenté depuis début janvier 2017 : ils sont passés de 35 665 à cette période à 123 489 en juin 2020, soit une multiplication par trois et demi du nombre de retournés.


Bien que des mouvements de retour aient été enregistrés depuis le début de la crise  [ 2014 ] , une proportion croissante de personnes retournées dans leurs villes et villages d'origine avaient été comptabilisées en 2018 et 2019. Cette tendance au retour semble s'être amoindrie en 2020, avec une baisse du nombre d'intentions de retours de 30 à 22 % des personnes enquêtées.


La majorité des réfugiés hors camp habite au sein des communautés hôtes  ( 52% soit 4 064 ménages )  et dans des abris spontanés  ( 42% soit 3 336 ménages ) . Les autres sont dans des maisons louées  ( 269 ménages )  et dans des centres collectifs qui sont des bâtiments publics et des écoles abandonnées  ( 212 ménages ) .


Dans le département du Mayo Kani, 10 % se sont déplacés du fait du conflit armé depuis le Nigeria tandis que 90 % se sont déplacés à la suite des conflits intercommunautaires survenus au Tchad.


10 mouvements précoces  [ de transhumance ]  ont été observés depuis l'Adamaoua vers l'Est en particulier. Ces mouvements risquent de provoquer des conflits entre agriculteurs et éleveurs, notamment pendant les périodes de récolte.


62 ménages de 434 PDI se sont déplacés depuis Adakele vers Pouche et résident au sein de familles d'accueil


40 ménages de 280 PDI se sont déplacés depuis Kassa 2 vers Tolkomari. 22 d'entre eux résident au sein de familles d'accueil et 18 au sein d'abris spontanés.


[ Nous appelons les acteurs humanitaires et les donateurs à ]  donner la priorité à la prévention de la violence sexuelle et basée sur le genre et à la réponse qui y est apportée partout où elle se produit, et veiller à ce que la protection de l'enfant et les pistes d'orientation et les services en cas de VBG soient sensibles au genre et à l'âge, sûrs et accessibles aux adolescentes rescapées de la violence


[ Nous appelons le gouvernement du Cameroun à ]  S'engager à soutenir des initiatives de résolution des conflits et de consolidation de la paix inclusives à tous les niveaux, qui incluent la représentation et la participation active des adolescentes et des jeunes femmes, en intégrant leurs perspectives, expériences et capacités d'action personnelles. experiences, and agency.


Les États membres doivent dénoncer les attaques contre l'éducation et faire pression pour que ceux qui commettent des abus contre les enfants et les éducateurs/éducatrices rendent des comptes.


Recommandations Settings & leaders: Alternative spaces such as homes and churches are currently most often used for NFE  [ non formal education ] . Educational actors should therefore consider leveraging on and improving existing alternative learning spaces  ( e.g. adding WASH facilities )  to maximise cost effectiveness while also considering the impact of these spaces on learning outcomes.


Thousands of Anglophone families have resorted to sending their children to bilingual schools in Francophone areas. In October 2019, 30,000 children were estimated to have integrated into primary schools in Littoral and West regions, overloading already stretched regional educational capacities.


14 percent of the KIs do mention tensions between IDPs and host communities. In the sub division of Limbe 3 in particular, 58% of KIs observe tensions between IDPs and host communities. This number is of approximately 20% in the subdivisions of Buea, Limbe 1 and Tiko.


KIs also consider that land occupied by armed groups or armed forces  ( 15% )  as well as reduced land available because of the conflict  ( 12% )  impacts land and property of communities in the seven subdivisions covered by the RPA  [ Rapid Protection Assessment ] .


Only 40 percent of DRC's KI have reported that birth registration documents are widespread in their communities. 53 percent says that 50 percent or less of the population have birth registration documents. 22 percent of the KIs have declared that very few people have birth registration.


Unaccompanied and separated children  ( UASC )  are forced to work very hard to support themselves and their siblings. Community members sometimes take care of some of these UASC, providing them with shelter and, in turn, requesting that they take care of the younger children or hiring them for farm works


The harsh environment in which children evolve has led to an increase in children's daily delinquency.


Le contexte sécuritaire dans l'Extrême Nord reste préoccupant avec 26 attaques de groupes armés non étatiques  ( GANE )  enregistrées par le Département de la sûreté et de la sécurité des Nations Unies  ( UNDSS ) . Le Mayo Sava enregistre encore le plus grand nombre d'incidents avec 18 attaques qui ont causé la mort de sept personnes et blessé huit autres. Dans le Mayo Tsanaga, cinq attaques, principalement dans le Mayo Moskata, ont causé la mort de trois personnes.


Des récoltes hors saison moyenne voire inférieures à la moyenne causée principalement par la prolongation des inondations après Octobre qui ont entraîné un démarrage tardif de la production de contre saison, en particulier le sorgho de saison sèche car la plupart des plaines, en particulier dans le Logone et le Chari, restent inondées jusqu'à Décembre 2020.


L'importation de produits alimentaires de base comme les huiles végétales et le riz, les intrants agricoles et d'autres biens de consommation reste limitée en raison des perturbations de la chaîne d'approvisionnement globale. Jusqu'à présent, le gouvernement n'a annoncé aucun plan visant à alléger davantage les restrictions ou à rouvrir complètement le pays.


Dans l'Extrême Nord, les prix des denrées de base sur le marché ont connu une tendance à la baisse après les récoltes entre Octobre et Novembre, contrairement à Juillet, Aout et Septembre où les prix ont augmenté jusqu'à 60 pour cent pour la plupart des céréales.


During a coordination and partnership conference conducted by IOM on 3 December 2020 in Yaounde, 25 official and unofficial points of entry were identified in the East region, including 10 official and 15 unofficial ) , along with a prioritization level. In December 2020, IOM, WHO and partners increased the number of screening stations at PoEs  [ Point of entries of Cameroon ] .


Throughout December and mostly during end year festivities, MoH  [ Ministry of Health ]  carried out sensitization activities using megaphones in the whole West region.


Lack of access to contraceptive methods, combined with poor coverage of sexual and reproductive health services, lead to early pregnancy, unsafe abortion and sexually transmitted diseases.


Sustained efforts have led to a marked increase in the number of people who accept to get tested for COVID 19 in the North West and South West regions. However, a relaxation in the implementation of preventive measures such as the use of face mask in public spaces and physical distancing is still noted in both regions.


Since the second week of June, however, some poor households have begun to harvest beans and potatoes. As the harvest progresses, prices should stabilize and poor households will have improved access to food. Despite this, these regions are projected to experience below average harvests for the fourth consecutive year.


53% of key informants in DRC's 34 Rapid Protection Assessments in 7 sub divisions reported that less than half of the population in their community has birth registration documents. The main barriers to access civil documentation according to protection monitoring key informants are documents fees  ( 34% ) , restrictions on movements  ( 29% )  as well as transportation costs  ( 27% ) .


The economic slowdown, salary reduction, and job loss have a direct effect on household living standard and most impacted are less privileged that is 79%  ( Statistics, 2020 ) .


Some companies are already feeling these effects, in a survey made by GICAM  (  2020  )  13th to 21st April 2020, in a sample of 100 enterprises, 92% admitted the pandemic is harming their turnover. Globally,44% of companies declared that the purchases have been affected. Most impacted are manufacturing company with 56%.


Provide Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services  ( MHPSS )  for children and their parents/care givers.


People in Need = 3.9M / IDPs = 922k / Returnees = 347k / Host Communities = 1.6M / Refugees = 469k / Others = 4.6M


[ risques de protection des filles et garçons réfugiés centrafricains installés dans l'Est, l'Adamaoua et le Nord ]  la négligence et l'abandon des filles et des garçons par leurs parents


Touchant directement les régions du Sud Ouest et du NordOuest, les régions de l'Ouest et du Littoral sont aussi touchées par le déplacement des personnes recherchant une meilleure sécurité et d'autres possibilités économiques.


Dans la région de l'Extrême Nord du Cameroun, les besoins Fondamentalement considérée comme une crise de protection, la crise dans les régions du Nord Ouest et du Sud Ouest affecte d'abord et avant tout les filles, les garçons et leurs familles. Témoins directs ou indirects de la violence liée au conflit, leur bien être tant physique que psychique est fondamentalement en jeu. Déplacements, violations des droits de l'homme et des droits de l'enfant, ruptures des liens familiaux et communautaires font partie de leur quotidien.


83% des personnes affectées par la crise  ( déplacées et membres des communautés hôtes )  interrogées déclarent que l'accès à l'eau s'est significativement dégradé en quantité et en qualité à cause de la détérioration des systèmes de maintenance et l'augmentation des utilisateurs.


Ongoing transmission  [ of Covid ]  is placing a huge strain on a health care system already overwhelmed by a lack of capacity and ongoing disease outbreaks such as malaria, measles and cholera.


The number of  [ security ]  incidents reported in 2020 is less than in 2019 however this is likely due to schools being closed because of COVID 19 and therefore not being targeted.


The COVID 19 outbreak has led to a spike of people in need in the spring of 2020. It is expected that 6.2 million people will be in need of humanitarian assistance in 2020, an increase of over 2.3 million due to the pandemic.


A special COVID 19 account, dedicated to financing the national response plan to the pandemic, has been created and is governed by a circular issued by the Minister of Finance. The circular specifies the modalities of organization, operation, and monitoring evaluation mechanisms of the account.


The OCHA spokesperson noted that lack of funding continues to be a major issue in Cameroon, with the $299 million appeal for 2019 only 41 per cent funded.


[ Impact sur les programmes ]  1  Activités génératrices de revenus  ( AGR )  dans les centres préscolaires : activité qui se poursuit 2  AGR pour femmes : activité qui se poursuit  [ Impact global ]  La suspension de certaines activités va permettre aux équipes JRS de se focaliser sur l'accompagnement et le renforcement de ces AGR, essentielles en période de crise  ( type pandémie )


[ Orientation/Plan d'action ]    Assurer le suivi régulier des activités maintenues  ( constructions )    Elaborer dès à présent une stratégie de remobilisation des enfants et parents, à mettre en œuvre lorsque l'école reprendra.


L'offre de service sanitaire a fortement baissé du fait du manque de personnel de santé ayant fuit les violences d'une part, et la destruction des structures de santé d'autre part.


Current UNHAS assets in Cameroon do not offer medical evacuation capability for COVID19 patients. This requires an air ambulance equipped aircraft.


Number of epidemics declared in 2019 and of high potential threat  ( Lake Chad Basin crisis: 4; Central African refugee crisis: 3; North West South West crisis: 3 )


Les denrées de base comme le maïs et le haricot ont enregistré une hausse des prix, plus perceptible, au Nord Ouest dans le département de Boyo et dans les régions voisines comme dans le département de la Menoua à l'Ouest. Pour les cultures de rente que sont le café et le cacao, l'inaccessibilité des zones de production a entrainé des baisses de production, des méventes et un faible revenu aux producteurs.


Ceci  [ l'impact du Covid sur le cadre pédagogique ]  impose donc que les enseignants soient formés différemment , que le surcroît de travail soit envisagé en termes de paiement  ( la contrepartie du travail étant la rémunération ) , que les auxiliaires pédagogiques fassent l'objet d'acquisition.


mouvements de population 82% : augmentation du nombre de personnes en situation de déplacement forcé au Cameroun  ( par rapport HNO 2018 )


Le Cameroun fait face à des situations d'urgence complexes réparties sur trois zones géographiques : la crise du bassin du lac Tchad à l'Extrême Nord, la crise des réfugiés centrafricains à l'est du pays, et celle dans les régions du Nord Ouest et du Sud Ouest. Ces trois crises ont un dénominateur commun: elles trouvent leur origine dans des conflits armés et leurs impacts sur les populations est exacerbé par des vulnérabilités structurelles préexistantes.


The conflict in the lake chad basin region : November 2019 = Despite the deployment of large security forces along the border since 2015, Boko Haram's cross border attacks continue to be violent, particularly in the departments of Mayo Sava and Mayo Tsanaga. As a result, the number of IDPs continues to increase in the Far North region. The region is now home to 488,000 people living in forced displacement  ( 272,000 IDPs, 107,000 Nigerian refugees and 110,000 returnees without sustainable solutions ) .


The severity map thus designed confirms that the North West, South West and Far North regions face the most severe humanitarian needs.  [ regarding physical and mental well being ]


[ North West & South West ]  SECTOR : Education / CRITICAL PROBLEMS : No access to education/ ASSOCIATED FACTORS : Risk associated with attending formal education, unavailability of formal education in areas of insecurity, lack of protective learning environment / PARTICULARY VULNERABLE GROUPS : Children, esp. in non urban areas/ PIN 1.2M


The North West and South West markets are dominated by retailers who make up around 60% of all merchants. In the Northwest, 72% of small retailers are women. Men dominate wholesale trade in both regions, with most male traders  ( 61% )  being wholesalers. Clients are mainly men, indicating a potential risk of protection for women along the roads and at the market .


It  [ DRC ]  also distributed 500 shelter kits in Pokam, 500 in Kombone Mission, 200 in Dibuncha and Batoke; 200 in Mutengene and 125 in Miselele.


In urban areas like Kumba  ( SW ) , interviews with IDPs reveal their need for financial assistance to pay rents. Some of them have been evicted from their houses because of the inability to pay rent, causing secondary displacement. IDPs settled in the bushes face more challenges accessing basic services, especially in hotspots of the crisis.


Nutrition partners, mainly Action Against Hunger  ( AAH ) , Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services  ( CBCHS ) , Doctors Without Borders  ( Spain and Belgium ) , Reach Out, WFP and UNICEF have continued to provide nutrition services in the NWSW regions. Focus has been on providing a basic nutrition package that incorporates screening, referral, treatment of SAM, Vitamin A supplementation, capacity development and promotion of appropriate IYCF E practices including monitoring of breast milk substitutes.


La situation de conflit a fortement affecté la situation et les conditions de vie des femmes et des filles. Cette vulnérabilité s'est accentuée avec l'affaiblissement voire l'inexistence de tout le dispositif de protection en situation normale. Ainsi, la situation des violences sur les femmes et les filles est en nette augmentation depuis la crise.


Cases of breast ironing and female genital mutilation are noted, which already prevailed in some regions before the crisis.


The lack of a formal referral mechanism to guide survivors greatly limits their access to appropriate holistic services. Health centers, while more accessible, do not offer the privacy and confidentiality that is recommended for the treatment of such cases. Information about cases of violence is also not stored safely. Lack of support to cover medical costs as well as the lack of complete PEP kits undermine the quality of care.


child protection actors reached 37,709 beneficiaries with a variety of interventions: the provision of psychosocial support services to children and caregivers, reaching 13,703 beneficiaries  ( 11,583 children and 2,120 adults ) ; case management for unaccompanied and separated children  ( UASC )  and other vulnerable children reaching 893 children  ( 519 girls and 374 boys ) ; and support to community based child protection committees reaching 525 beneficiaries.


October 2020 was noteworthy for the high level of atrocities committed against children and education personnel in the NWSW regions. The education cluster, in collaboration with OCHA and with the support from partners, is engaging in advocacy with actors on the ground to refrain from attacks on education and the use of education as a political tool.


Only 730 primary schools out of 3,127  ( 23 per cent )  and 142 secondary schools out of 558  ( 25 per cent )  in the NW region are operational. In the SW region, 837 out of 2,195  ( 38 per cent )  primary schools and 89 out of 352  ( 25 per cent )  secondary schools are operational. On average, 50 percent attendance by teachers is recorded for both regions. However, in the NW, 79 percent of secondary and 60 percent of primary school teachers are not at work.


96% des ménages enquêtés utilisent des tissus comme produit d'hygiène menstruelle. Cela inclut les réponses données par les femmes ainsi que les hommes. Moins de 1% utilise des serviettes jetables. Personne n'avait reçu des produits d'hygiène menstruelle d'une organisation récemment et moins de 4% peut acheter ces produits au marché local.


FAO and other organizations provided agriculture and livelihoods assistance to 10,395 persons  ( 4,518 NW; 5,877 SW ) . These livelihood projects include home gardening, egg production, trainings and fish farming/processing.


In both regions, most teachers are now out of work. In the NW, only 1,774  ( 10% )  out of 17,806 teachers are reporting to work. Teachers, who are still able to work, require training on crisis management, including providing psychosocial support to children, classroom management in crisis situations and crisis sensitive teaching.


Women and girls are at risk of being exploited and put their safety and protection at risk while trying to meet their basic needs


In the Far North, as a result of Boko Haram's attacks, thousands of people have been displaced since 2013 in a region that is experiencing recurrent droughts  ( 2009 and 2011 ) , floods  ( 2010, 2012, 2014, 2019 )  and epidemics  ( cholera in 2014, 2018 and 2019 ) . The number of people internally displaced rose from 60,000 in December 2014 to nearly 300,000 in December 2019.


These vaccination campaigns included the second round of Local Immunization Days LIDs from 9 to 11 October to respond to circulating poliovirus, type 2 and the introduction of the human papillomavirus  ( HPV )  cervical cancer vaccine in the Expanded Programme on Immunization  ( EPI )  on 12 October 2020.


While the Education Cluster has observed a small increase of both primary and secondary school students and teachers attending school, an estimated 517,818  ( 91% )  basic and secondary school aged children, as of the reporting month, are out of school. A total of 370,168  ( 71% )  of them represent primary school children. The situation is worse in the North West.


La situation  [ respect des gestes barrières dans milieux ruraux ]  se complique davantage avec la perpétuation des cérémonies telles que les mariages, les deuils, les rassemblements religieux ainsi que les échanges des poignées de mains. Ainsi, assiste t on plutôt à un abandon des villages pour les campements de brousse et à la désertion des services publics.


[ SITE DE MBILE ]  PRINCIPAUX DEFIS   Abris : Insuffisance des abris transitionnels pour tous les ménages. Entretien et maintenance des abris. Rareté des matériaux de construction et dégradation de l'environnement aux alentours du site.


Afin d'augmenter les réserves nationales, le gouvernement a ordonné l'importation de 200000 tonnes de riz à partir de juillet, bien que l'approvisionnement du marché soit resté inférieur à la moyenne. Le gouvernement a également interdit toute exportation illégale de riz vers le Nigeria, une pratique soupçonnée d'être à l'origine de la baisse constante de l'approvisionnement en riz dans le pays. Toutefois, ces efforts n'ont pas permis d'augmenter de manière significative les approvisionnements.


Bien que de nouvelles récoltes soient attendues pour répondre aux besoins alimentaires des ménages pauvres dans les mois à venir, les ménages des zones de conflit qui ont abandonné leur activité agricole continuent à dépendre de l'aide alimentaire humanitaire pour satisfaire leurs besoins alimentaires.


[ SITE DE LOLO ]  PRINCIPAUX DEFIS   Abris : Insuffisance des abris transitionnels pour tous les ménages. Entretien et maintenance des abris. Rareté des matériaux de construction et dégradation de l'environnement aux alentours du site.


[ SITE DE LOLO ]  PRINCIPAUX DEFIS   WASH : Insuffisance d'ouvrages d'assainissement, manque de bonnes pratiques d'hygiène, Besoin de maintenir les ouvrages WASH en fonctionnement.


Dans le cadre de la prévention à la pandémie COVID 19, l'UNICEF a coordonné la sensibilisation de 1,121,100 personnes aux bonnes pratiques d'hygiènes et de prévention de la propagation du virus dans les six départements de la région.


[ Extrême Nord ]  La continuité des activités de l'ISWAP  [ Islamic State West Africa Province ]  ainsi que les opérations militaires en cours dans la Région exposent toujours les femmes et les filles aux risques de violences sexuelles et sexistes.


The pandemic comes on the back of the negative economic impact of the security crisis in the two anglophone regions as well as in the far northern region and the suspension of production at the SONARA  [ state owned oil refinery ]  since it was hit by a fire at end May 2019.

Context->Economy
Context->Security & stability


Despite numerous lockdowns impacting on delivery during September, 28,800 individuals received WASH services including COVID 19 prevention interventions implemented by seven WASH partners in the NWSW regions. WASH partner EPDA constructed 42 emergency latrines to be used by at least 8,300 people in Idabato, Kombo Itindi and Limbe 3 subdivisions of Ndian and Fako divisions in the SW. 39 Community Health Workers and Hygiene Promoters/Volunteers were trained in Fako, Meme, Mezam and Momo divisions while 36 water user committee trainings were conducted in Buea, Fako division.


Child Protection actors managed to reach 13,325 children and caregivers during the reporting period with protection and COVID 19 related sensitisation activities.


Cholera continued to spread across the health districts of the SW region. The Buea health district was the fifth health district to report a cholera outbreak in the SW region since the outbreak started in the Bakassi health district in November 2019. A total of ten cases with one death were reported in two health areas  ( Muea and Buea road )  in Buea health district giving a case fatality rate of 10%. Response activities coordinated by the health district and health cluster rapidly stopped the outbreak from spreading to other health areas.


[ Round 21 / DTM / Far North Region / 25 May   10 June ]  Changes in the numbers of displaced populations over the last four rounds IDP : Round 18 = April 2019 = 262 831 Round 19 = Aug 2019 = 270 870 Round 20= Dec 2019 = 297 380 Round 21 = May 2020 = 321 886 +8% since Round 20  ( Dec 2019 )


[ Milieux Urbains : Yaoundé, douala, akwaya, Langui, Banyo ]  Sous catégorie de la vulnérabilité Enfants Non Accompagnés ou séparés: 71%  ( 234 individus )  d'enfants sont des enfants séparés localisés comme suit, 63.7% dans le Mfoundi, 28.6% dans le Wouri, 6.4% dans la Mefou et Afamba, 0.9% dans le Nyong et Soo, .0.4% dans la Lekie.


Les nouvelles récoltes de cette saison ont stabilisé et réduit les prix de la plupart des denrées de base, les prix de septembre ayant baissé de 18 à 35 pour cent par rapport aux mois de soudure. Toutefois, l'approvisionnement des principales denrées de base reste inférieur à la moyenne et les prix restent supérieurs à leurs moyennes sur cinq ans.


The IMF approved a disbursement under the Rapid Credit Facility  ( RCF )  of US$ 226 million to support the authorities' efforts in addressing Cameroon's urgent balance of payment needs stemming from the COVID 19 pandemic and the terms of trade shocks from the sharp fall in oil prices.


[ Milieux Urbains : Yaoundé, douala, akwaya, Langui, Banyo ]   [ Besoins Prioritaires ]  • Relance des activités d'enregistrement et de détermination du statut de réfugié au Niveau du Secrétariat Technique


[ Extrême Nord ]   [ Besoins Prioritaires ]  • Promotion des activités génératrices de revenus des femmes et des filles  ( production de kits hygiéniques et masques  ( dans le contexte du COVID 19 )  lavables, petit élevage de volaille, caprins, cultures maraichères très rentables,développement des pépinières pour le reboisement et la restauration des écosystèmes par les femmes pour mitiger les risques de déforestation et répondre au besoin de bois de chauffe )  UNICEF, HCR, FAO, PNUD, IDA18


[ Extrême Nord ]  Vulnérabilité liée à la protection de la femme et de la jeune fille : 9%  ( 254 individus )  de femmes et de filles sont des victimes de SVBG et sont localisées comme suit, 72% à Logone Et Chari, 28% à MayoTsanaga.


[ Adamaoua, l'Est et le Nord ]   [ Besoins Prioritaires ]  • Facilitation du rapatriement volontaire pour les réfugiés qui en exprimeront le souhait


As previously, thresholds are breached for the two external debt service indicators, due to the fragile liquidity situation. The Covid 19 shock aggravates these breaches in the short term and raises debt stock projections. In addition, the PV of debt to exports ratio now breaches its threshold in 2020 due to the severe drop in exports and market financing risks have increased to moderate with a recent jump in EMBI spreads.

Context->Economy
Shock/event->Hazard & threats


The regional supervisory body COBAC is closely monitoring the impactof the dual shock on the quality of portfolios and the profitability of financial institutions in CEMAC as borrowers face weaker repayment capacity. Moreover, COBAC has issued recommendations to financial institutions on prudent and transparent loan restructuring.


While the government is continuing to implement its Economic and Financial Program, supported by an Extended Credit Facility  ( ECF ) , the COVID 19 pandemic has appeared and is causing a significant impact on Cameroon's economy, potentially undoing hard won macroeconomic gains and endangering our development agenda.

Capacities & response
Humanitarian conditions


The government is committed to prevent a collapse in revenue collection through various measures. Measures to mitigate the negative financial impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on the private sector are also being considered, including strengthening social safety nets, subsidizing basic medications, and providing support to affected companies.


Given the sudden and pressing nature of the shocks, accommodative fiscal and monetary policies are warranted to mitigate the human and economic impact of the outbreak. However, the authorities remain committed to their reform agenda under the ECF  [ Extended Credit Facility ]  arrangement. They plan to undertake adjustments to return to the fiscal consolidation path once the crisis abates to safeguard debt sustainability and ensure a strong recovery.


[ Site de BORGOB ]  1,971 personnes ont des besoins spéciaux, soit 16,03% de la population totale.


In the East and Adamawa regions, all 2,966 schools  ( 1,731 in the East and 1,235 in the Adamawa region )  are temporarily closed. In the both regions, the hard gained progress in access to learning, over the last year, has been reversed by the COVID 19 outbreak affecting 626,094  ( 288,720 girls )  students.


[ Extrême Nord ]  Vulnérabilité liée à la protection de l'enfance : 1.7%  ( 210 individus )  d'enfants ont des besoins spécifiques en éducation et localisés comme suit, 29% dans le Mayo Tsanaga, 71% dans le LogoneEt Chari.


• About 18% of household do not have soap or disinfectant products anywhere at household premise.


Cameroon has its first cases of COVID 19 on 5 March 2020. The pandemic affects all ten regions of the country. As of 30 April 2020, 2,069 cases including 61 deaths have been registered. The most affected regions are the Centre  ( 1,152 cases with 19 deaths ) , the Littoral  ( 739 cases with 39 deaths )  and the West  ( 103 cases with 2 deaths ) .


March 2020 Cadre Harmonisé modelling data indicates that 854,302 people in the North West representing 34% of the total population of this region and 618,746 in South West representing 33% of the total population of this region are estimated to be in crisis  ( phase 3+ ) .


In terms of natural hazards such as floods or droughts, the INFORM 2019 risk index shows that the Far North  ( 5.8 ) , the East  ( 5.2 )  and the North West  ( 5 )  have a level of risk far above the average. The occurrence of a natural disaster  ( floods or drought )  in 2020 is likely in these regions, although the impact is predicted to remain moderate. The combination of such a crisis with the current humanitarian situation and persistent insecurity would further affect the quality of life of the people in these regions.

Context->Environment
Shock/event->Hazard & threats


The loss of jobs and income due to Government measures taken to combat COVID 19 poses an additional security threat, especially in major towns and cities, as it could encourage banditry in the absence of mitigation measures.


[ Survey in NW, SW, Littoral and West region, conducted on 4,638 people through one to one interview using a survey tool ]  A key finding of this report is the high penetration of awareness raising and prevention messaging  across all regions surveyed, for both men and women, and across all age groups, respondents are aware of COVID 19 and are trying to protect themselves and their communities by preventing the spread of the virus. However, these high rates of awareness do not necessarily correspond to sufficient capacity to follow measures, or to mitigate the secondary impact of the virus on protection, education, nutrition, and livelihoods.

Humanitarian conditions
Priority interventions


The socio economic impact of COVID 19 and associated measures is being felt widely and communities are balancing prevention measures with other basic needs; this must be taken into account when designing responses if they are to be successful. For example, households being asked to reduce movement or to quarantine must be supported with food and basic necessities for this to be safe and successful.


From February to September 2020, the national NGO “Reach Out', partner of WHO, provided life saving essential health care services in the North West and South West regions. They operated eight mobile clinics that provided primary health care. They donated obstetric and neonatal materials to communities in the Fako, Kupe Muanenguba, Manyu, Momo and Ngo Ketunjia division. The mobile clinics assisted more than 29,000 people living in hard to reach or crisis affected areas providing primary health care to the population, including to people living with disabilities and children under the age of five years.


IRC constructed 5 boreholes, rehabilitated 20 water distribution systems and constructed 18 tank bases and tap stands, resulting in an 82.4% increase in water supply coverage compared to April.


[ Aggravating factors and sectors at potential risk across the country ]  WASH system is poor across the entire country. The supply of drinking water, in quantity and in quality, remains precarious. The latrines do not meet the standard and are unsecured. Reports show poor respect for good personal and community hygiene practices.


[ Échantillonnage 275 personnes, région Adamoua, Est, Nord, 93% enquêtés réfugiés centrafricains, 7% pop hôtes ]  Que ce soit dans les sites ou hors site, plus de 8 personnes enquêtées sur 10 gagnent moins de 75,000 FCFA par mois, parmi lesquels 68% ont un revenu en dessous du SMIG  ( 36,270 F CFA/mois ) . Avec de tels niveaux de revenu très faibles, les personnes enquêtées auraient du mal à satisfaire leurs besoins essentiels sans recourir à des stratégies de survie négatives.


[ PCI/WASH ]  • Supervision formative PCI/WaSH au DS de la MIFI dans la Région de l'Ouest avec le PF PCI sur le Scorecard et la réalisation des PAO dans les FOSA du DS. 11 FOSA prioritaires  ( 10 PCA et un CSI hautement fréquenté )  ont été classés haute priorité pour l'évaluation des scorecard. • Poursuite du soutien des cadres PCI/WaSH des Districts et des formations sanitaires aux dépistages et à la désinfection des ménages des cas confirmés et des édifices publiques • Deuxième évaluations Hôpital régional de Nkongsamba et Hôpital régional annexe d'Edéa


Prise en charge psychologique  [ lié au COVID19 ]  • 10 677 counselings pré prélèvement effectués dans les sites de dépistage de masse pour 10 305 counselings post prélèvement.


Around 82,452 persons screened at Matazem entry point as of 20 April 2020, Average screening, 3500 per day since the beginning. New screening point set up at Nidikum  ( Batibo Health District, the border with Nigeria ) .


Finally, the COVID 19 disease outbreak has completely disrupted the health system in the entire country. As of 13 June, 9,572 cases including 275 deaths has been registered. The most affected regions are the Centre  ( 1,152 cases with 19 deaths ) , the Littoral  ( 739 cases with 39 deaths )  and the West  ( 103 cases with 2 deaths ) . As of 30 April, 2020, all regions of Cameroon already have at least one case of COVID 19. A total of 339 infected health personnel has been recorded  ( 74 in the Littoral, 61 in the West, 49 in the Center, 44 in the East, 34 in the North West, 30 in the South, 22 in the North, 18 in the South West, 5 in the Far North, and 2 in Adamawa ) .


The case fatality rate as per 30 November was 1.8 per cent which is one the lowest in Africa. Cameroon is the eleventh in the list of countries with the highest number of positive cases in Africa.


A weekly regional meetings are held with partners for updates on COVID 19 and to make an appraisal of efforts against the pandemic in the Region at SW Regional delegation. The SW Regional delegation holds a regional meeting twice in a week  ( Tuesday and Friday )  with partners for updates on COVID 19 and to make an appraisal of efforts against the pandemic in the Region at SW Regional delegation.


The Ministry of Public Health has reinforced COVID 19 screenings for all travelers landing on Cameroonian soil. This requirement comes after a network of fake negative COVID 19 tests sold to travelers flying to Cameroon was dismantled. According to French and local media, this network comprised seven alleged counterfeiters from Benin and Cameroon living in France.


On 23 October, 15 students of the Progressive Comprehensive College of Bamenda were reportedly abducted by non state armed group  ( NSAG )  fighters while returning from school. They were taken to an unknown destination and tortured. Six of them were released on the same day and the others on a later date.


1,097 children were provided with mebendazole to treat parasitic worm infestations and 10,259 others received vitamin A. 991 pregnant women were vaccinated against tetanus while 294 others were provided with intermittent preventative therapy for malaria prevention. UNICEF also supported reproductive health coordination to train 100 health care providers from neonatal care and maternity units in three district hospitals in the SW and five district hospitals in the NW to ensure quality new born management.


Cluster partners have continued providing access to education for 71,731 learners  ( 32,022 boys and 39,709 girls )  in the regions including through community sensitization for safe and protective learning, distance learning, the provision of essential teaching and learning materials, and capitation grants for learning.


Avec l'appui de ACF, ALIMA, IEDA Relief, 96 255 enfants de six à 59 mois ont été dépistés en communauté par les agents de santé communautaire  ( ASC )  et les PB – Mère  ( maman chargée de la détection à domicile ) , tandis que 22 622 gardiens d'enfants de zéro à 59 mois ont été sensibilisés sur les bonnes pratiques d'alimentation du nourrisson et du jeune enfant  ( ANJE )  dans le contexte de la COVID 19. 1 307 séances de démonstrations nutritionnelles ont également été conduites, avec la participation de 15 504 gardiens d'enfants.