[ January 2021, Syria ]  Precautionary measures to limit the spread of the COVID19  virus require providing hand sterilization materials within the school in sufficient quantities for students, teaching and administrative staff. The study showed that there were no sterilization materials to sterilize hands in 2,184 )  %65 schools )  of the schools, and there were sterilization materials to sterilize the hands, but they are insufficient for teachers or students in 463 )  %14 schools )  of the schools, while there are materials to sterilize the hands, but they are sufficient only for teachers within %11 364 )  schools )  of the schools, and there were materials to sterilize hands in sufficient quantities for teachers and students in 327 )  %10 schools )  of the schools.


[ 1 8 March 2021, NWS ]  The cost of the regional SMEB  ( survival minimum expenditure basket )  food component reached 293,525 SYP in March, a 20% increase since February and a 84% increase since September 2020.

Impact->Impact on systems, services and networks


[ 17 March 2021, Overall Syria ]  There are myriad other challenges to inoculating the Syrian population, including the devastation of half its healthcare infrastructure and migration of 70 percent of medical professionals.


[ February 2021, Ar Raqqa, NES ]  Top three reported food related coping strategies used by residents in the 2 weeks prior to data collection by % of assessed settlements: Eating smaller meals 75%, Purchasing food on credit 75% and Buying food with money usually used for other purchases 73%.


[ 26 Feb, 2021, NWS ]  The number of new COVID 19 cases continues to decline in northwest Syria, with 225 new cases reported from 25 January to 25 February.


[ 26 Feb, 2021, NWS ]  After a year of active COVID 19 response and efforts made by Health Cluster partners, the greatest challenge for 2021 will be to sustain an appropriate response and manage the spread of the virus in northwest Syria.


[ 24 March, 2021, GoS ]  Reuters, Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, a multimedia news provider, also quoted unnamed health officials as saying that Syria has received 5,000 doses of the Chinese Sinopharm vaccine, which was administered to front line health workers. China last month announced it had donated 150,000 doses to Syria.


[ April 2021 May 2021, Overall Syria ]  The informal price for Octane 90 was at SYP 1,200/litre in April 2019 and reached between SYP 2,000 to 4,000/litre by May 2021. While prices for Octane 95, which is readily available in the market, are aligned with the formal price  ( SYP 2,500 ) , the smuggled Octane 98 petrol from Lebanon is sold at SYP 2,400 but only available close to the Lebanese border with Syria.


[ March 2021, Northern Syria ]  Out of 3001 trucks, the highest number of trucks were used by World Food Programme  ( 2375 )  followed by 370 trucks used by International Organization for Migration and 208 trucks used by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. The lowest number of trucks was used by Food and Agriculture Organization, which is only 1.


[ March 2021, Northern Syria ]  Breakdown of transhipped cargo by sector: Food Security 92.3%, Shelter 6.7%, WASH 0.6% and Health 0.4%.


[ April 2021, Northern Syria ]  Out of 4029 trucks, the highest number of trucks were used by World Food Programme  ( 3295 )  followed by 418 trucks used by International Organization for Migration and 237 trucks used by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. The lowest number of trucks was used by Food and Agriculture Organization, which is only 1.


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The national average retail price of bulgur increased by one percent m o m, and by 170 percent y o y, reaching SYP 2,067/kg. As Swieda recorded the highest bulgur retail price at SYP 2,500/kg  ( up 12 percent m o m ) , while Idleb recorded the lowest price at SYP 1,484/kg  ( down nine percent m o m ) .


[ January 9, Syria ]  The WHO has promised to provide Syria with the vaccine in the first quarter of 2021, “but the organization has not yet confirmed the exact date of delivery,' Hasabah reiterated, stressing that further information on the type of the vaccine, or its price, remain unavailable.


[ January 9, Syria ]  “The vaccine brand is so far unidentified because it is the World Health Organization  ( WHO )  that will recommend which vaccine category Syria should receive,'HashtagSyria, a local media outlet, reported quoting Hasabah. Hasabah added that the vaccine will be purchased, but the Syrian government will make it available for citizens “free of charge.'


[ January 9, Syria ]  COVID 19 cases continue to rise in northwestern Syria. This rise is linked to higher testing capacities enabled by additional operationalized laboratories, quarantine centers, hospitals, and virus treatment centers


[ January 9, Syria ]  The COVID 19 outbreaks in the area were less severe than expected. Even though he was initially afraid that he might contract the virus; he will not receive the vaccine, Idlib based Fateh Rislan, 25 years old media activist, toldEnab Baladi. “I am still unsure whether the COVID 19 thing is a game, or not!'


[ 1 8 March, 2021, NES ]  Regional median prices for transport fuels decreased slightly  ( by 4% )  in NES in March. Prices for manually refined transport fuels showed different price developments between February and March. Manually refined diesel decreased by 5% since February, but showed a 74% price increase since September 2020 nevertheless. Manually refined petrol increased by 11% since February and by 29% over the last six months. These price increases resulted from increased demand and the impact of the SYP depreciation.


[ 26 Feb, 2021, NWS ]  Malnutrition among pregnant and lactating women  ( PLW )  reported to be five times higher than it is among children aged 6 59 months. Similarly, the odds of being wasted are consistently higher in girls compared to boys which is possibly attributed to preferential feeding practices and gender dynamics.

Humanitarian conditions->Physical and mental well being


[ December, Syria ] Standard Food Basket The price of a standard reference food basket1 showed no sign of stabilizing in December. The national average price of a standard food basket increased by 13 percent compared to November 2020, reaching SYP 111,676. This is the highest national average rate yet since WFP started monitoring prices in Syria in 2013. The national average food basket price was 33 percent higher than the price recorded in June 2020  ( six months ago )  as well as being 236 percent higher compared to the level recorded in December 2019.


[ December, Syria ]  Idleb continued to report the highest informal price at SYP 1,736/litre  ( up 12 percent m o m ) , followed by Aleppo at SYP 1,363/litre  ( up 16 percent m o m ) . On the other hand, Al Hasakeh reported the lowest price at SYP 150/litre  ( unchanged m o m ) , followed by Ar Raqqa at SYP 357/litre  ( unchanged m o m ) .


[ December, Syria ]  Bread** The national average price of subsidized bread in December 2020 reached SYP 107/ bundle  ( up seven percent m o m ) . In October the Government of Syria increased subsidised bread prices from SYP 50/bundle to SYP 75/bundle  ( sold without nylon bag )  and SYP 100/bundle  ( sold with nylon bag ) . At the same time the weight of the bread bundle reduced from 1.3kg/bundle to 1.1kg/bundle. The recent further in  crease is also related to the subsidized bread price increase in Ar Raqqa on 20 De  cember from SYP 95/bundle to SYP 107/bundle. Additionally, subsidized bread is re  sold by authorized agents and in many cases these agents add extra fees to the bread price.


[ December, Syria ] In December 2020, the Syrian pound depreciated by six percent in the infor  mal exchange rate market and reached SYP 2,795/USD. Compared to a year ago, the Syrian pound has depreciated by 69 percent. On the other hand, the official exchange rate has remained unchanged at SYP 1,250/USD com  pared to November 2020. However, the official rate has lost 65 percent of its value since December 2019. The highest informal exchange rate was reported in Deir ez Zor at SYP 2,827/USD  ( depreciating by five percent m o m; and depreciating by 69 percent y o y ) , followed by Al Hasakeh at SYP 2,823/USD  ( depreciating by eight percent m o m; and depreciating by 67 percent y o y ) . Conversely, the lowest rates were reported in As Sweida at SYP 2,764/USD  ( depreciating by five percent m o m; and depreciating by 67 percent y o y ) , followed by Dar'a at SYP 2,770/USD  ( depreciating by five percent m o m; and depreciated by 68 percent y o y ) .


[ December, NWS ]  Qusay, twenty something, desperately haunted the market for portable oxygen cylinders to help his mother breathe, who is a COVID 19 patient, but all his efforts were to no avail. No cylinders could be found in Idlib province, west of Syria, neither in isolation centers, the health directorate, or shops.


[ December, NWS ]  The limited production of medical oxygen caused an acute market shortage of oxygen cylinders used to support patients with severe symptoms, Anas al Dogheim, head of the Idlib Health Directorate,toldEnab Baladi. The directorate is working to provide medical oxygen generators to cover the gap. Simultaneously, the area's residents are utilizing available alternatives, he added.

Humanitarian conditions
Capacities & response


[ February 2021, Ar Raqqa, NES ]  Information provided by KIs suggests that IDP populations in assessed settlements are generally aware of the virus and are receiving information about the pandemic. In 2% of assessed settlements, residents reportedly had difficulties in understanding the information that was provided.

Information and communication->Knowledge and info gaps (pop)


[ 11 24 May 2021, Al Masnaa International Crossing, Rural Damascus ]   [ Retrieved from table ]  Mitigation measures in place: There is temperature screening, COVID 19 awareness campaign and mandatory quarantine at destination. Medical services present: There is Medical unit but no Isolation space for suspected cases, no Transfer center to quarantine space and no covid 19 testing.


[ 17 AUG, Overall Syria ]  National Formal Market Average Diesel Price up to July 2021 stood at SYP 376 per Litre.


[ 11 24 May 2021, Bab Al Salam International Crossing, Aleppo ]   [ Retrieved from table ]  Mitigation measures in place: There is temperature screening and COVID 19 awareness campaign but no mandatory quarantine at destination. Medical services present: There is Transfer center to quarantine space but no Medical unit, no Isolation space for suspected cases and no covid 19 testing.


[ 1 March  31 March 2021, GoS ]  The School Health Department in the Ministry of Education  ( MoE )  reported that, since the school opening in September 2020, as of 25 March 2021, 2,534 cases have been identified in schools in government controlled areas, of which 961 are students and 1,573 are teachers and other education staff. This means 195 newly reported cases  ( 62 students and 133 teachers and staff )  since the previous situation report.


[ February 2021, Ar Raqqa, NES ]  Reported proportion of residents who are aware of COVID 19: Everyone 77%, Most 0% and About half 23%.


[ March 15, Al Hasakeh ] He added that the cessation of sheep selling to northern Iraq during March contributed to a 25% decrease in sheep prices from the average price of 750,000 SYP  ( 193 USD )  per sheep.


[ June 2021, NES ]  Northeast Syria is the country's “wheat basket', producing between 70 and 80 per cent of the country's wheat, a staple food crop for Syria's roughly 17 million residents. However, reduced rainfall combined with decreasing water levels in the Euphrates basin have placed significant pressures on a population bound at the intersection of agriculture and livestock production and distribution, resulting in combined shrinkages in food production and availability.


[ 26 Feb, 2021, NWS ]  The Ar Ra'ee, Jarabulus, Sarmin, Mhambal, and Badama sub districts continue to be the most significant hotspots for waterborne diseases in northwest Syria, while the Dana and Al Bab sub districts have the highest number of leishmaniasis cases.


[ 28 May 2021, GoS ]  The Ministry said that the total number of coronavirus cases recorded in Syria has reached 24,365 till now, of which 21,583 have recovered and 1, 754 have passed away.


[ Syria, February ] The toll of working in Syria's health systems with risk of attack or arrest  ( particularly in areas outside of government control )  mean that the risk of personal and secondary trauma is high; this has been exacerbated by the COVID 19 pandemic which has affected the mental well being of even those who are not working in extreme conflict


[ February 9, Aleppo ]  “The price of amperes is rising every week; half of the salary is going there,' Said, who lives in al Maysar neighborhood, east of Aleppo, complained, expressing his dissatisfaction with the absence of government provided power services.


[ April 2021, NES ]  Most commonly reported overall priority needs for residents are Livelihoods 70%, Healthcare 68% and WASH 55%.


[ April 2021, NES ]  Estimated median daily wage for unskilled labour: 5,000 SYP in Northeast Syria, 5,000 SYP in Aleppo, 5,000 SYP in Al Hasakeh and 5,000 SYP in Ar Raqqa.


[ April 2021, NES ] Intersectoral findings on unaffordability hindering access to goods and services: KIs in 87% of communities cited the high cost of health services as a common challenge.


[ 24 December 2020   5 January 2021, GoS ]  The study shows that 67.1% of sample respondents of working age work one or more jobs. It should be noted that our sub sampling by age only went as young as 18; this excludes the 15–17 years age group typically included in labor statistics. The 26–35 age group maintains the highest percentage of employment at 77.7%, followed by the 36–45 age group at 76.5%. This puts the largest share of economic burden on these two age groups.


[ 17 APR, Overall Syria ]  Ramadan banquets in such dire circumstances are a heavy burden to people and also a potential source of unease and embarrassment for those who cannot afford to present the usual feast. Preparing Iftar for 10 fasting people costs over 150,000 SYP.


[ 14 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The Syrian pound is in virtual freefall having lost 78% of its value in a year, accompanied with 236% price increase of average food basket.


[ January 2021, NWS ]  Precautionary measures to limit the spread of the COVID 19 virus require providing hand sterilization materials within the school in sufficient quantities for students, teaching and administrative staff. The study showed that there were no sterilization materials to sterilize hands in 24%  ( 45 schools )  of the schools, and there were ster  ilization materials to sterilize the hands, but they are insufficient for teachers or students in 23%  ( 44 schools )  of the schools, while there are materials to sterilize the hands, but they are sufficient only for teachers within 24%  ( 46 schools )  of the schools, and there were materials to sterilize hands in sufficient quantities for teachers and students in only 29%  ( 54 schools )  of the schools.


[ 21 APR 2021, NWS ]  A total of 54,000 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine arrived in Syria's Idlib, the first for opposition held Syrian territory, through the Bab al Hawa border crossing with Turkey.


[ January 2021, NWS ]  In schools where teachers or teaching and administrative personnel wear protective masks, inquiries have been made whether these masks are distributed to them free of charge within the school or they buy them at their expense. The study showed that masks were distributed free of charge in only 39%  ( 67 schools )  of schools where students or educational and administrative personnel are committed to wearing masks; While students, teaching and administrative staff buy masks at their own expense within 61%  ( 106 schools )  of schools.


[ February 3, Syria ]  For the first time, it exceeded 3,000 pounds to the US dollar, days after the Central Bank of Syria  ( CBS )  issued the new 5,000 SYP note. The pound recorded an exchange rate of 3,020 against the U.S. dollar for sale and 2,990 for purchase on 28 January, according toSyrian Pound Today ( a Syrian Pound tracking website ) . However, the official exchange rate remained unchanged at SYP 1,256/U.S. dollar, according to the CBS's statements.


[ 18 August 2021, NWS ]  Of households with access to a toilet, around one in six  ( 17 percent )  report that they are sharing their toilet with other households. Rates of sharing toilets are much higher in containers  ( 74 percent )  and tents  ( 50 percent ) ; they are also higher than average in makeshift shelters  ( 26 percent ) .


[ 13 APR 2021, NES ]  % of SDs with insufficient COVID 19 medical services:   Testing provision for COVID 19: 96% Lack this service,   Quarantine space for diagnosed COVID 19 cases: 94% Lack this service,   Isolation space in health centres for suspected COVID 19 cases: 94% Lack this service and   Provision of space in health facilities to monitor suspected COVID 19 cases: 94% Lack this service.


[ February 2021, NES ]  KIs in 35% of communities cited the high cost of water trucking as a common challenge


[ February 2021, Deir ez Zor, NES ]  Reported proportion of residents with access to handwashing facilities in assessed settlements: Everyone 5%, About half 30%, A few 15% and Nobody 50%.


[ overall Syria ]  Ambulances also came under attack while travelling to assist civilians in need of emergency health care. On March 11, 2020 at least nine former health workers who worked in field clinics in eastern Ghouta were arrested in raids in government controlled Rif Dimashq governorate.2


[ 15 March 2021, GoS ]  Syrians in the regime held areas already struggle to access bread, fuel and essential commodities, which are diverted from subsidized stocks and sold on the black market at prohibitive prices. The pandemic has further exacerbated their distrust of official institutions mined by corruption. The COVID 19 response is just another facet of this increasingly exploitative economic ecosystem.


[ overall Syria ]  Over half of the recorded violence against health care occurred in January and February 2020 in Idleb and Aleppo governorates during the final months of a Syrian Russian military offensive to retake one of the last areas controlled by opposition forces.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East New Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,412 ]  Main information sources about COVID 19 as reported by households:  Friends/family 70%  NGOs or charities 62%  Television 47%

Information and communication->Communication means and preferences


[ June 2021, NES ]  Among the 123 public health centres that were functioning in NES at the end of 2020, 75% relied on the main pipeline as the main source of water. Public health centres in NES were also ill equipped for electricity shortages, which would inhibit the provision of health services depending on a steady supply of electricity. In fact, 76% of the functioning public health centres did not have a generator as of the end of 2020. Moreover, 28% of them did not have refrigerators for vaccines, and reportedly sought support of a nearby municipality, school or house to store vaccines and medicines.


[ 1 8 March 2021, NWS ]  MEDIAN FOOD ITEM COST   293,525 Syrian Pounds; One month change: 20% and Six month change: 84%.


[ February 16, GoS ]  Fearful of expensive medical bills and citing concerns about hygiene in public hospitals, or even compulsory quarantine in government run health centres, they speak of a growing trend for old fashioned home visits by doctors. After surviving a decade of civil war, they all requested anonymity to speak freely and for their own safety. Covid 19 has become the new enemy and added to their economic and social woes.


[ February 16, GoS ]  “Who on Earth can afford the costs of intensive care units in a private hospital in Damascus?' she asked. She explained that the average price of one day at an intensive care unit in a private hospital was about 700,000 lira, or as much as $560 depending on the central bank exchange rate.


[ 5 13th April 2021, NWS ]  Prices for manually refined fuels showed different price developments between March and April. Manually refined diesel decreased by 5% since March, although this is an increase of 69% since October 2020. Conversely, manually refined petrol increased by 24% since March, an increase of 101% since October 2020.


[ 1 8 March 2021, NWS ]  MEDIAN WATER TRUCKING COST  ( 4,500 ltrs )    14,715 Syrian Pounds; One month change: 22% and Six month change: 62%.


[ 1 8 March 2021, NWS ]  MEDIAN TRANSPORT FUEL COST  ( High Quality and Manually Refined Diesel and Petrol, 1L )    2,425 Syrian Pounds; One month change: 30% and Six month change: 102%.


[ March 10, Damascus ]  With the passage of a year since the decision to suspend visits and trips by individuals and groups, including religious tourism, due to the spread of the Corona virus and the subsequent decisions, especially the closure of tourist facilities and restaurants and the reduction of their occupancy, the tourism and hotel sector was greatly damaged, which is reflected in the figures, where the movement of arrivals decreased by 80 percent along with hotel reservations and the work of tourism and travel offices.


[ 15 March 2021, Overall Syria ]  Access to medical supplies decreased due to restrictions on financial transactions with Syria and other logistical constraints, including international shipping companies avoiding the Syrian market.


[ 18 March 2021, GoS ]  However, the burden of the living crisis is increasing day after day in government held areas in particular, and affects the residents of the Autonomous Administration areas in northern and eastern Syria, which deal in Syrian currency.


[ April 2021, NES ]  % of communities where COVID 19 related barriers to access services were reported: 5% reported Education services were not always functioning in person because schools in the assessed location were closed for cleaning/disinfection at least some days due to COVID 19.


[ April 2021, NES ]  Children below the age of 12 were reported as a group affected by child labour in 11% of communities.


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Newroz Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,479 ]  Average monthly household expenditure: 173,944 SYP  ( 58 USD ) . Top three reported expenditure categories:  Food 100%  Communication  ( e.g. phone, internet )  75%  Transportation 71%


[ 30 June 2021, Overall Syria ]  Number of trucks per crossing point by month since July 2014:  Bab al Hawa: 39,544 since July 2014  Bab al Salam: 5,268 since July 20214  Al Ramtha: 4,595 since July 20214  Al Yarubiyah: 109 since April 2018


[ 2nd March, NES ]  As of 2 March, there are sufficient PCR testing kits and RNA extraction kits to process approximately 23,000 and 13,250 tests respectively. Based on recommended levels of testing these supplies would only last for approximately three months, however there have been decreasing testing rates over the past two months and thus these testing supplies may last longer at current levels. There are not currently any procurement of laboratory supplies being planned.


[ May 2021, NWS & NES ]  In May, COVID 19 cases in Northwestern Syria doubled, reaching 1,558 with up to 100 new cases every day and only 54,000 doses of vaccine out of 256,800 were administered in a population of over 4 million people. The pledged COVID 19 vaccines supply to Northwest Syria would only cover a maximum of 20 per cent of the population, and no vaccines are allocated to date to cover Northeast Syria areas where cases are increasing daily


[ May 6, NWS ]  Furthermore, the WHO will dedicate 123 specialized vaccination teams assigned to the various centers across northwestern Syria, in line with lessons learned from previous COVID 19 prevention and response measures.


[ 16 July 2021, NES ]  Many people have resorted to using unsafe water sources, including contaminated wells.


[ March 2021, NES ]  % of communities where KIs reported the presence of residents households relying on non productive sources of livelihoods to meet their basic needs: 30%   Loans and remittances.


[ December, NWS ] • 59% of civilians surveyed in northwest Syria have been directly impacted during the course of the conflict by an attack on a health care facility, service or worker  ( hereafter referred to as health care ) .

Impact->Impact on people
At risk->Risk and vulnerabilities


[ 6 April 2021, NES ]  In March there were 8 confirmed cases of COVID in camps and sites from 27 samples collected, representing a positivity rate of 30%. All of these cases were reported in Hassakeh Governorate. However, in early April already numerous cases have been reported in camps, including Areesha, Roj, and Al Hol.


[ 18 March 2021, NWS ]  21,234 positive cases and 673 deaths were recorded in the opposition areas  ( northwest of the country )  by the medical and response team.


[ 16 March, 2021, NWS ]  In NWS, The test positivity rate for January 2021 was 6.9 per cent, compared to 1.8 per cent in February 2021 i.e. a 74 per cent decrease in percentage change. Out of 60,000 UTMs and swabs from WHO's last procurement, into February, 52,650 UTMs and 53,050 SWABs were delivered inside NWS. Additionally, 5,000 of each item are in Stock in Mersin Warehouse and the remaining quantity will arrive in coming weeks. There are 46,000 PCR and extraction kits at the field level, 27,000 UTMs and swabs available in stocks inside NWS.


[ 3rd 10th May 2021, NWS ] Manually refined fuels remain frequently unavailable in NWS due to low levels of import. Incidents in and around refineries further reduced the availability of manually refined fuels, according to REACH field teams. REACH field teams also reported that manually refined fuels are often used as transport fuel as high quality fuels are rarely available.


[ 3rd 10th May 2021, NWS ]  The price of high quality diesel is at 2,300 SYP per litre. There is a decrease of 13% from previous month but an increase of 58% from the last six months. % of surveyed vendors reporting item as unavailable in their community/ neighbourhood: 3%


[ 15 March 2021, Overall Syria ]  “The pandemic continues to create an acute shortage of essential supplies, including diagnostics and case management equipment,' the WHO Syria office told Syria Direct. To date, WHO supplied 73 oxygen concentrators, 51 ventilators and two oxygen generating stations to health partners in Syria, but highlighted “limited means to access international testing supplies and clinical care equipment.'


[ June 2021, NES ]  Most commonly reported barriers to healthcare access  ( by % of communities ) :  86%: Cost of health services  72%: Lack of transportation to health facilities  68%: Cost of transportation to health facilities


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ] The economic situation in Syria continued to deteriorate in April. The Central Bank of Syria on 15 April officially devalued the Syrian pound  ( SYP )  from SYP 1,256 to SYP 2,512 to the US dollar. This is the first official devaluation of the Syrian pound since July 2020. The value of the Syrian pound on the informal market stabilized somewhat in April at around SYP 3,000/USD 1, after dipping to a record low of SYP 4,700/USD 1 in midMarch.


[ 26 March 2021, GoS ]  In the regime controlled areas, the Ministry of Health announced 12 deaths and 153 new cases of coronavirus.


[ 1 8th February 2021 NWS ]  In February, the informal USD/SYP regional median exchange rate increased by 5% since January and reached a regional median of 3,000 USD/SYP. The six month change, a 39% increase since August 2020, highlights that the SYP remains an unstable currency against the USD. The highest exchange rate was recorded at 3,160 SYP to 1 USD in Batbu community in Aleppo governorate.


[ Jan Feb, 2021, Overall Syria ]  Most employees' salaries range from 60,000 Syrian Pounds to 80,240 Syrian Pounds, which is lower than the average price of the food basket. The national average food basket in Syria now exceeds the highest paid official government monthly salary.


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Serekaniye Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 11,181 ]  67% of households reported at least one member suffering from psychosocial distress.


[ 6 April 2021, NES ]  In March the highest number of cases were recorded in the northern section of NES in Hassakeh Governorate, where 1,159 of the 1,563  ( 74% )  overall cases were identified, however of the 5,544 overall tests conducted Hassakeh was similarly the region most tested with 3,335 tests conducted there  ( 60% of all tests ) . The four sub districts representing Hassakeh Governorate had the highest positivity rates, all above 30%, compared to the other regions of NES.


[ 3 10th May 2021, NES ]  High quality fuels are mostly imported, but REACH field teams report that challenges include restrictions on imports from Government of Syria  ( GoS )  areas, lack of production materials in the region and general road closures.


[ 9 July 2021, GoS ]  In a statement, the Ministry added that the total number of the coronavirus cases recorded in Syria has reached up to 25,766 till now, of which 21,876 have recovered, and 1,896 others have passed away.


[ 3rd 10th May 2021, NWS ]  The price of Bread is at 846 SYP per 8 piece bundle  ( 0.3 USD ) . There is a 11% decrease compared to the previous one month and 41% decrease in the last six months. % of surveyed vendors reporting item as unavailable in their community/ neighbourhood: 1%. Price fluctuations are attributed to both the appreciation of the SYP and general subsidies by the authorities. Prices for bread can vary between governorates, but in May were somewhat similar:  Aleppo: 825 SYP  Idleb: 850 SYP


[  26 March 2021, NWS ]  Hundreds of teachers had been staging sit ins since 13 February 2021. This situation is destabilizing education services leaving children at high risk of further learning loss and the reducing the number of available and qualified teaching professionals as in service teachers leave their profession seeking paid work.


[ February 2021, GoS ]  Although the responses provided by the interviewed traders are primarily subjective and largely based on their own perception the majority of interviewed traders believed that prices in general for all food groups increased between 10 and 50 percent since early 2021 due to a multitude of factors, the introduction of the SYP 5,000 note being one of them.


[ 2nd March, 2021, NSAG ]  Ar Raqqa and Hama governorate and it's subdistricts had no service of isolation space in health centres for suspected COVID 19 cases.


[ 2nd March, 2021, NSAG ]  53% of sub districts have sufficient knowledge of COVID 19 risk.


[ Syria, July ]  In July 2021, a third of the interviewed households  ( 33 percent )  reported facing difficulties in reaching markets, an increase of seven percentage points year on year and representing the highest level recorded since April 2020.


[ 7 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  Access to healthcare remains limited across the country, with only 53 per cent of public healthcare centres continuing to function. We also see that insecurity in the health system is being exacerbated by the ever looming threat and realization of hostilities.


[ February 2021, NES ]  Effects of COVID 19 on livelihoods sectors in the community  ( by % of communities ) :   29% said None of the available livelihood sectors were affected   71% At least one of the available livelihood sectors was partially or totally affected.


[ 2nd March 2021, GoS ]  Rural Damascus governorate and it's subdistricts had insufficient provision of space in health facilities to monitor suspected COVID 19 cases.


[ 11 July 2021, GoS ]  The decision to increase price of bread and diesel comes days after Damascus announced a 25 percent increase in the price of petrol. The government of President Bashar al Assad has repeatedly raised fuel prices in recent years to tackle a financial crunch sparked by the war and compounded by a spate of Western sanctions.


[ Jan 2020 2021, Overall Syria ]  Across all regions, the percentage of households reporting a priority need for food increased quite significantly over the year. This increase was most stark in NS, where by January 2021, 73 percent of households reported a need for food, skyrocketing from the 30 percent recorded one year earlier.


[ 12 June 2021, NWS ]  On 12 June, an attack on the Al Shifaa hospital in Afrin city in northern Syria killed at least 19 civilians, including 3 children and four medical personnel, and injured 40, including 12 medical personnel The incident also destroyed the emergency and the delivery rooms completely, and destroyed parts of the outpatient department.


[ March 2021, Northwest Syria ]  Hostilities in north western Syria spiked in late March. A hospital was hit by shelling in western Aleppo governorate, and in apparent retaliation, a rocket attack targeted Aleppo city, killing two people – the first such attack in one year.


[ June 2021, Overall Syria ]  According to residency status, in June 2021, 52 percent of IDPs reported inadequate food consumption, an increase of 16 percent month on month. Moreover, the total share of returnee and resident households with poor or borderline food consumption increased reaching 41 and 40 percent respectively.


[ June 2021, NWS ]  Social mobilization continues to be essential, to ensure people have access to full and transparent information to understand the importance of the vaccination for their own protection, as well as for their patients and communities.


[ May 2021, Overall Syria ]  The selling price of urea decreased significantly in Deir ez Zor and Hasakeh Governorates  ( 18 and 16 percent m o m decrease respectively ) . In Homs, Hama, Aleppo and Rural Damascus Governorates, prices remained constant and no significant changes were observed in May 2021. In general, the improvement of the value of the local currency against the USD led to prices stability of some agriculture inputs and food items in the markets. This improved the farmer's ability to cover their requirements.


[ March 2021, NWS ]  KIs in 44% of communities cited the high cost of health services as a common challenge


[ 3 10th May 2021, NES ]  Cooking Fuels: Kerosene is the typical cooking fuel in NES and NWS and is also used for heating but may on occasion be substituted with LP gas. The price of Manually Refined Kerosene is at 431 SYP per litre  ( 0.1 USD ) . There is a 4% decrease compared to the previous one month and 57% increase in the last six months. % of surveyed vendors reporting item as unavailable in their community/neighbourhood: 11%.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East New Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,412 ]  Households reporting the presence of child protection concerns within the camp  ( in the two weeks prior to data collection ) : Yes 84% and No 16%. Most commonly reported child protection concerns: • Early marriage  ( below 18 years old )   ( 65% )  • Child labour  ( 63% )


[ 30th March 2021, GoS ]  53% of sub districts have sufficient knowledge of COVID 19 risk.


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  According to displacement status, the average rCSI was higher among returnees and IDPs than residents. In April 2021, 94 percent of returnees and 93 percent of IDPs reported adopting at least one food based coping strategy to source their essential food needs, compared to 89 percent of residents.


[ 3 10th May 2021, NES ]  MARKET FUNCTIONALITY: Total 1,316 vendors were surveyed across NES. Surveyed vendors reported shop closure: 9 shops = 1% of all surveyed shops. 8 of these 9 closed shops were in Al Hasakeh. One month change: decrease of 4 percentage points  ( pp ) .


[ 4 April 2021, NES ]  As of 4 April, authorities in Northeast Syria  ( NES )  have reported at least 10,509 cases, including 450 fatalities and 2,240 recoveries. Healthcare workers have also been affected, with 822 reported cases to date.


[ 3 10th May 2021, NES ]  MARKET FUNCTIONALITY: Total 1,309 vendors were surveyed across NES. % of vendors who reported facing supply challenges: 84% with one month change of decrease of 3% pp. Most Reported Supply Challenge: Price inflation 73%, with one month change of decrease of 2 pp. The second issue cited was that supply cant meet demand  ( 29% ) .


[ February 2021, NWS ]  KIs in 68% of communities cited the high cost of fuel for generators as a common challenge.


[ February 2021, NWS ]  Effects of COVID 19 on livelihoods sectors in the community  ( by % of communities )  43% said none of the available livelihood sectors were affected and 57% said at least one of the available livelihood sectors was partially or totally affected.


[ February 2021, NWS ]  % of communities where extreme coping strategies used by residents and IDPs to meet basic needs were reported: For both residents ( 74% )  and IDPS ( 83% )  most commonly reported coping mechanism was Sending children  ( 15 or below )  to work and early marriage for 40% of residents and 50% of IDPs.


[ 10 June 2021, GoS ]   [ same as previous report ]  International commercial passenger and cargo flights are ongoing, and Tartous and Lattakia ports remain operational, with precautionary measures. The GoS requires individuals arriving from official border crossing points with Lebanon to present a negative PCR certificate obtained within the past 96 hours at accredited laboratories. Those unable to present such a document are quarantined.


[ 21 APR 2021, NWS ]  Vaccination for health workers has started in government controlled areas but not with doses received as part of the Covax programme.


[ March, 2021, NES ]  Early on, the HEA  ( Humanitarian and Emergency Affairs )  distributed PCR machines to Ar Raqqa, Deir ez Zor, and Menbij, only to recall them to Quamishli shortly afterwards and ban any further unauthorised PCR imports. Local testing capacity in these locations has therefore remained minimal, a situation compounded by the fact that samples are reportedly sent to Qamishli just once or twice a week.


[ March 2021, NWS ]  The most commonly reported overall priority needs for IDPs are Livelihoods  ( 62% ) , Food  ( 43% )  and Winterization  ( 44% ) .


[ 30th March 2021, GoS ]  Rural Damascus governorate and it's subdistricts had insufficient provision of space in health facilities to monitor suspected COVID 19 cases.


[ 30th March 2021, GoS ]  Aleppo, As Sweida, Dara, Hama, Ar Raqqa, and Deir ez Zor governorate had little to no communities implementing COVID 19 mitigation measures such as closure of public spaces, social distancing, lockdown, prohibition of gatherings, etc.


[ 11 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The effect of the new rate was quickly felt in the black market, with the Syrian pound strengthening from SYP 3,300 to SYP 3,200 per dollar on April 11.


[ 29th March 2021, NWS ]  Shortages in this domain, critical shortages related to COVID 19 medical services, are least reported in sub districts under the control of Non State Armed Groups & Turkish Backed Armed Forces  ( NSAG&TBAF ) , where insufficiencies in each of the aforementioned areas are reported in approximately 50 and 60 percent of sub districts.


[ 29th March 2021, Overall Syria ]  The implementation of COVID 19 mitigation measures is very low across the country. All sub districts report the absence of total and partial curfews as well as community lockdowns. Compulsory mask wearing is not reported as the norm across the country.


[ March 2021, Overall Syria ]  According to residency status, in March 2021, around 60 percent of IDPs reported inadequate food consumption, an increase of 18 percent month on month and the highest level recorded since October 2020. Moreover, the total share of returnee and resident households with poor or borderline food consumption increased to 51 and 48 percent respectively.


[ 15 March 2021, Overall Syria ]  According to World Vision, the economic cost of conflict in Syria after 10 years is estimated to be over $1.2 trillion. Even if the war ended today, its cost will continue to accumulate to the tune of an additional $1.7 trillion in today's money through to 2035.


[ 18 August 2021, NWS ]  Difficulties in finding a place to rent were more frequently faced by female headed households, especially when relating to accomodations being too expensive   as reported by 85 percent of female headed households, compared to 63 percent of maleheaded households.


[ 3 10th May 2021, NES ]  Price fluctuations of bread are attributed to both the appreciation of the SYP and general subsidies by the authorities. The average bread prices varied greatly between governorates:  Deir Ez Zor: 236 SYP  Ar Raqqa: 259 SYP  NE Aleppo: 525 SYP  Al Hasakeh: 526 SYP


[ January 2021, Overall Syria ]  Regional Breakdown in % of Livelihood activities of Female Headed Households: In North Syria no livelihood activities for 33% and daily labour for 21%. In Northeast Syria no livelihood activities for 26% and agriculture for 12%. In Central and South Syria public sector for 31% and private sector for 22%. In North Syria daily labour for 21% and in Northwest Syria daily labour for 30%.


[ June 2021, NES ]  In Deir ez Zor and Al Haskaeh, where water trucking is the main water source reported, KIs in communities also commonly reported the high price of water trucking as a barrier to water access.


[ February 2021, Aleppo, NES ]  KIs estimated that a lack of insulation from the cold  ( 100% of assessed settlements )  and a leaking during rain  ( 81% )  were the main shelter adequacy issues in their settlement.


[ March 2021, NES & GoS ]  The farmers continue to access fuel through a subsidised price of 180 SYP per litre. There was a significant m  o m increase of 33 percent in the average diesel fuel price within the local markets, reaching 40 000 SYP per 20 litres. Four governorates out of eight witnessed a significant price increase in diesel fuel price for a 20 litre gallon and these governorates are Aleppo  ( 50 000 SYP ) , Tartous  ( 45 833 SYP ) , Hama  ( 43 800 SYP )  and Homs  ( 43 800 ) . The lowest price of diesel fuel remained low in in March 2021 in Al Hasakeh at 3 167 SYP for a 20 liter gallon. Most farmers have to rely on expensive diesel fuel offered in the local market and black market to cover the unmet needs.


[ 7th 14th June, NES ]  MEDIAN SMEB HYGIENE ITEMS' PRICE  (  12 bars of soap, 4 packs of 10 sanitary pads, 3kg of laundry/dish soap, 200g of toothpaste ) : 24,463 SYP One month change:  4% Six months change: 25%


[ March 15, Al Hasakeh ] The Agriculture and Livestock Establishment of the AANES has set the price of one kilogram of the al Nakhlah  ( Palm )  fodder at 300 SYP. It pledged to provide the fodder at this price by the beginning of 2021; however, the delayed and insufficient rainfall and the lack of natural green pastures forced livestock breeders to buy fodder at the merchants' prices.


[ March, 2021, NWS ]  A medical emergency was declared in the region early on; this entailed the suspension of “cold'  ( non essential )  operations, the shuttering of outpatient clinics, and the cancellation of vacations for medical staff. However, the actual implementation of these measures was sparse, uncoordinated, and largely left to individual I/NGOs. The lack of centralised coordination further led to ambiguity and disagreements between I/NGOs on the implementation of basic standard operating procedures, such as the level of severity cases had to surpass in order to be admitted to ICU.


[ 3 April 2021, NES ]  Based on the meeting of the Crisis Cell in the Executive Council of North and East Syria, and based on the requirements of In the public interest, the co presidency of the Executive Council of North and East Syria decided the following: All gatherings  ( weddings, mourning tents, meetings, prayers in places of worship, and all other gatherings )  are strictly prohibited as of 3/4/2021.


[ February 2021, Overall Syria ]  The informal national average price of heating diesel went up by 15 percent m o m, reaching SYP 1,257/litre in February 2021. The continued increase was a result of high demand due to the winter season as well as due to a limited supply of diesel at formal prices.


[ 31 March 2021 , Overall Syria ]  Hospitals and public health care centres will be used as service delivery points to provide vaccinations, along with mobile teams all over the country. Services will be provided by trained hospital teams and routine immunization personnel. Implementation across northeast  ( including camps and non formal settlements )  and northwest Syria will follow the current experiences of the Expanded Programme on Immunization through fixed facilities  ( hospitals and primary health care centres )  and mobile teams.


[ 1 8th February 2021 NWS ]  Overall prices for transport fuels increased by 9% between January and February, with a median price of 1,859 SYP per litre. Less expensive, manually refined fuels, including petrol and kerosene remained largely unavailable in NWS due to inaccessibility of raw material inputs and low levels of import for fuels that are refined in northeast Syria  ( NES ) . Low levels of import are also due to the depreciation of the SYP and price increases in global price of fuel. For example, 77% of surveyed fuel vendors reported that manually refined petrol was not available in their market at the time of data collection. With the significant unavailability of lower quality but less expensive fuels, prices for high quality diesel and petrol  ( largely European fuels imported via Turkey )  continued increasing in February, driven both by increasing demand as well as by fluctuating exchange rates of both the SYP and the TRY against the USD.


[ 1 8th February 2021 NWS ]  In addition to the rising cost of food items themselves, additional items that are necessary for the preparation and cooking of raw food also increased in price. Median regional prices for vegetable oil and ghee, both commonly used for cooking, rose by 12% and 11% respectively between January and February, continuing a significant upward trend. Both commodities are largely imported into NWS and, therefore, subject to exchange rate fluctuations. The cost of fuels used for cooking also increased over this one month period by 8%, whereby the median price of manually refined kerosene increased by 2% and liquid petroleum gas  ( LPG )  increased by 7%. As reported above, manually refined kerosene is often unavailable in many markets of NWS  ( reported as unavailable by 57% of surveyed fuel vendors in February ) , leading consumers in NWS to rely more heavily on the use of LPG for cooking purposes.


[ March 2021, NWS ]  In 15% of communities at least one fifth of the IDP population reportedly lived in unfinished or abandoned residential buildings.


[ March 2021, NWS ]  In 26% of communities at least one fifth of the IDP population reportedly lived in tents.


[ JAN   MARCH 2021 ]  25,936 is total returnees for 2021 returned and remained in their locations and 52 displaced after return.


[ February 2021, Overall Syria ]  The electricity and fuel shortage continues to persist sharply in most governorates. This challenge is contributing to the general increase in the agricultural production costs, especially transportation, which limit farmers' capacity to increase their production and productivity as shortage of fuel will affect irrigation operations and transportation that will add barriers to access to markets.


[ March 2021, NWS ]  % of communities where COVID 19 related barriers to access to services were reported: 0% of the closure of markets by local authorities due to COVID 19 reportedly hindered markets from functioning. 2% access to markets was reportedly hindered because markets reduced opening hours or days because of COVID 19.


[ February 2021, GoS ]  The average price of eggplant recorded was 988 SYP per kg in February 2021 across the monitored locations. However, Dará governorate witnessed a sharp increase  ( 106 percent m o m increase )  with the average selling price reaching 1 200 SYP per Kg. Aleppo and Hama governorates observed a price decrease  ( 14 and 10 percent m o m )  with the prices reaching 1 200 SYP per Kg in Aleppo and 910 SYP per Kg in Hama.


[ March 2021, Overall Syria ]  During the reporting period, nearly one out of five interviewed households in Syria  ( 18 percent )  reported poor food consumption, more than double the level recorded in March 2020. This highlights the continued deterioration of the food security situation across Syria. This trend was much higher in Hama  ( 29 percent ) , an increase of four percentage points above the level recorded a month earlier and representing a three fold increase since March 2020, followed by Homs  ( 28 percent )  and Al Hasaeeh  ( 21 percent ) .


[ 23 April 2021, NES ]  In the north east, hostilities in and around Qamishli and Al Hasakeh, are affecting operations. Twenty five trucks containing food rations have been stuck at a checkpoint outside Qamishli since 23 April.


[ 14 April 2021, Damascus, GoS ]  According to a quarterly report issued by the local newspaper Qassioun the monthly budget of a household has surged this quarter by 42 percent, and by 142 percent on a year on year basis. The estimate is based on a family of five members living in a rented flat in Damascus, with their basic needs considered to include a daily intake of 2,400 calories and essential accommodation, transport, education, clothes, and other needs. The report said that on average, each Syrian household of five members needs around SYP 1,040,000 each month to secure its needs, of which SYP 550,000  ( around 53 percent )  is spent securing food alone. In December 2020, the monthly cost of living stood at SYP 732,000  ( +42 percent ) , while in March 2020, it stood at SYP 430,000.


[ 15 April 2021, NES ]  In Roj camp, 28 new cases among foreign inhabitants have been reported since the beginning of April. Fifteen cases have been reported in Areesha camp, and three more in Al Hol camp.


[ 13 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The two designated forex companies    Al Fadel Money Transfer and Exchange Private JSC, and United Exchange Public JSC   have updated the new rate for the duration of the holy month of Ramadan, which began on April 13 as follows: for the first ten days of Ramadan the rate will be SYP 3,250 per dollar, for the following ten days, it will be SYP 3,100 per dollar, and for the final ten days it will be SYP 2,900. The rates are competitive with the black market rate, while the objective of making a forward sale is to help prevent speculation.


[ 3 April 2021, Northeast Syria ]  The Autonomous Administration in North and East Syria  ( AANES )  has imposed a partial curfew on all areas under its control, while the cities of Hassakeh, Raqqa, and Qamishli will be subjected to a full curfew since positive cases there have surged. On April 03, the AANES said that from April 06 until April 12, a curfew between 04:00 PM and 06:00 AM would be imposed in all the areas it administers.


[ February 2021, Ar Raqqa, NES ]  Reported reasons for difficulties in understanding COVID 19 information: Not enough materials 100% and Information is not clear 90%.

Information and communication->Information challenges and barriers


[ March and April 2021, Overall Syria ]   [ From table ]  104 Palestine refugees returned from Lebanon, Jordan and Gaza in March and April 2021. 36 Palestine refugees returned from other countries in March and April 2021.


[ February 2021, Overall Syria ]  The informal national average price of transport diesel continued to rise in February 2021, reaching SYP 1,195/litre. It increased by five percent since January 2021 and by 135 percent since February 2020. Moreover, the informal price remains six times higher than the official diesel price  ( SYP 174/ litre )


[ 28 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The exchange rate has again been volatile; in fact, it has appreciated over the last month or so. It is now around SYP3,400 to the US dollar on the informal market. That compares with SYP4,700 to the dollar at a low point in March.


[ February 2021, Al Hasakeh, NES ]  Measures reportedly implemented by local authorities to protect from COVID 19: Prevention messages 36%, Distribution of hygiene products 13% and Asking people to stay home 13%.


[ May 2021, Overall Syria ]  Soybean remains available in six of the monitored Governorates: Homs, Hama, Aleppo, Tartous, Rural Damascus and Dará, at an average selling price of 1 818 SYP per kg. Aleppo and Rural Damascus recorded 2 200 SYP per kg, which was the highest recorded price across all monitored Governorates, with 21 and 10 percent m o m increase respectively. The price of soybean meal in Tartous, Homs and Hama Governorates decreased  ( 20, 18 and 18 percent m o m ) .


[ April 2021, NWS ]  Access to Water: Private water trucking was the most commonly reported source of drinking water  ( reported by KIs in 42% of communities ) .


[ June 2021, GoS and NES ]  The reported adoption of consuming less preferred or less expensive food strategy was highest in Quneitra  ( 82 percent )  and Al Hasakeh  ( 79 percent ) .


[ May 2021, Overall Syria ]  For Potato, the average selling price decreased sharply in Dará, Rural Damascus, Deir ez Zor and Aleppo Governorates  ( 54, 50, 35 and 31 percent m o m respectively ) . Hama, Hasakeh and Homs Governorates witnessed a slight decrease  ( 10, 5, and 3 percent m o m respectively ) . Tartous is the only exemption as the average selling price slightly increased by 3 percent, with a selling price of 600 SYP per Kg being recorded in May 2021 .


[ 14 June 2021, NWS ] “We are extremely concerned about the impact that the slow vaccination rollout will have on already critically vulnerable populations in Northwest Syria. The renewal date for the UN Security Council Resolution 2533 is fast approaching and its outcome will play a critical role in ensuring the provision of life sustaining aid  including medicine and vaccines. The world cannot neglect Syrian people's urgent need for COVID 19 vaccination,' said Alexandra Matei, Advocacy and Communications Director, World Vision Syria Response.


[ June 2021, GoS & NES ]  Broken down by governorate, in June 2021, the highest proportion of households with poor or borderline food consumption was recorded in Deir ez Zor, with more than three out of five interviewed households  ( 61 percent )  reporting inadequate food consumption, followed by Al Hasakeh  ( 54 percent ) .


[ June 2021, Overall Syria ]  Nearly one out of four interviewed households nationwide  ( 23 percent )  reported having lost more than half of their monthly income in June 2021, with a peak recorded in As Sweida  ( 31 percent ) .


[ 1 8 March, 2021, NES ]  MEDIAN SMEB COST: WATER TRUCKING  ( 4,500 ltrs )    13,500 Syrian Pounds; One month change:  6% and Six month change: 36%.


[ 23 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  Recommendations ( Anticipatory actions ) : Restore basic irrigation schemes to improve access to irrigation before the summer season.

Priority interventions->Expressed by humanitarian staff


[ 1 8 March, 2021, NES, GoS, NWS ]  As in previous months, high quality transport fuels were reportedly widely unavailable in assessed markets due to increased demand and fuel smuggling between NES and Government of Syria held areas, as well as northwest Syria. 85% of fuel vendors reported that high quality diesel was not available in their market while 74% reported the same regarding high quality petrol.


[ 12 July 2021, GoS ]  Remarks by The Syrian Observer: The official exchange rate of the SYP was increased to 2,512 liras for the dollar, whereas the dollar is bought for around 3,250 liras in the parallel market.


[ 14 April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The wrong impression of food insecure people in Syria may also be due to the fewer number of COVID 19 cases detected and announced so far. As of 14 April 2021, there are 54,308 confirmed cases and 2,451 deaths. It is in no way the real state of affairs.

Information and communication->Knowledge and info gaps (hum)


[ April 2021, NWS ]  % of communities where COVID 19 risk indicators were reported: Lack of necessary protective equipment or supplies at health facilities reported as a barrier to healthcare access by 10%.


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  Access to healthcare remains limited in the country: only 53 per cent of public health centres are functioning.


[ April 2021, NWS ]  Intersectoral findings on unaffordability hindering access to goods and services: KIs in 30% of communities cited the high cost of a private tutor as a common challenge.


[ April 2021, NWS ]  Access to Education Services: 9% of communities where KIs reported that the lack of access to internet, electricity and/or equipment was a barrier to accessing  ( online )  education services.


[ April 2021, NWS ]  % of communities where COVID 19 related barriers to access services were reported: 0% reported The closure of markets by local authorities due to COVID 19 reportedly hindered markets from functioning.


[ April 2021, NES ]  % of communities where extreme coping strategies used by residents and IDPs to meet basic needs were reported: 16% residents and 9% IDPs said Early marriage, 2% residents and 0% IDPs said forced marriage, 5% residents and 4% IDPs said high risk work, 0% residents and 0% IDPs said Sending family members to beg and 48% residents and 53% IDPs said Sending children  ( 15 or below )  to work.


[ MAR 2021, GoS ]  Availability of health services in the functional public hospitals: Psychosocial support services: 44% Acute psychiatric inpatient unit: 55%


[ 25 MAY 2021, NES ]  % of SDs with insufficient COVID 19 medical services:   Testing provision for COVID 19: 94% Lack this service,   Quarantine space for diagnosed COVID 19 cases: 94% Lack this service,   Isolation space in health centers for suspected COVID 19 cases: 96% Lack this service and   Provision of space in health facilities to monitor suspected COVID 19 cases: 96% Lack this service.


[ MAR 2021, GoS ]  The morbidity among all age groups from Suspected COVID 19: 6,640, most reported from Tartous, Aleppo and Damascus.


[ March 2021, Ar Raqqa governorate ]   [ Twahina Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 2,578 ]  Proportion of households that reported using negative strategies to cope with a lack of water  ( potable and not potable )  in the two weeks prior to data collection: Yes 9% and No 91%. Most commonly reported strategies: Modify hygiene practices  ( 5% ) , Rely on drinking water stored previously  ( 5% )  and Collect water from unprotected source  ( 1% ) .


[ March 2021, NWS ]  Access to Water 69% of communities where KIs reported that not all households had access to sufficient water. Private water trucking was the most commonly reported source of drinking water  ( reported by KIs in 45% of communities ) .


[ March 2021, Ar Raqqa governorate ]   [ Twahina Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 2,578 ]  Top three reported livelihoods related coping strategies: Sold some assistance items 72%, Borrowed money 52% and Reduce non food expenditures 25%.


[ March 2021, NWS ]  0% of education services were not always functioning in person because schools in the assessed location were closed by local authorities at least some days due to COVID 19. 2% of education services were not always functioning in person because classes were reduced  ( number of days/grades )  due to COVID 19.


[  15 March 2021, Overall Syria ]  On 15 March 2021, the Ministry of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection increased the formal butane gas cylinder price from SYP 2,785/refill to SYP 3,518/refill  ( up 26 percent ) . However, due to added transport cost and additional agent fees, the actual price of butane gas cylinder has increased from SYP 3,000/refill to SYP 3,850/refill  ( up 28 percent m o m ) . The informal national average price of one butane gas cylinder  ( 25,000 L )  increased by 11 percent m o m and by 109 percent since March 2020, reaching SYP 26,494/refill in March 2021. Idleb recorded the highest average butane gas price at SYP 41,033/refill  ( up 21 percent m o m ) , while Al Hasakeh recorded the lowest average price at SYP 10,408  ( up 11 percent m o m ) . The informal national average price of butane gas, broken down by regions, the cross border region recorded the highest average informal refill price at SYP 40,070/refill  ( up 22 percent m o m ) , followed by the coastal region at SYP 28,900/refill  ( up four percent m o m ) , while northeast Syria recorded the lowest average price at SYP 17,153/refill  ( up two percent m o m ) , followed by the middle region at SYP 24,117/refill  ( up seven percent m o m ) .


[ May 2021, Overall Syria ]  The national average level of borderline food consumption in the last six months: December 27%, January 31%, February 29%, March 33% April 29% and May 26%. The national average level of poor food consumption in the last six months: December 17%, January 16%, February 18%, March 18% April 14% and May 11%.


[ May 2021, GoS ]  Moreover, Syrian households' income was reportedly disrupted due to a number of issues. In May 2021, close to half of the surveyed households  ( 48 percent )  reported having been impacted by a reduction in working hours and thus receiving a partial salary, with peaks recorded in Aleppo  ( 63 percent )  and Quneitra  ( 55 percent ) .


[ May 2021, NES ]  4% of CFPs in Deir ez Zor expressed that majority of members in their community would seek treatment and report their issue in case of COVID 19 infection/ in case they are experiencing symptoms  ( 15% in AH, 35% in Al, 21% in AR ) . 92% said they would seek treatment  ( 64% in AH, 61 in Al, 59% in AR ) . 4% of female CFPs said community members would report  ( vs. 8% male ) .


[ 9 June 2021, GoS ]  In a statement, the Ministry noted that the total number of the registered coronavirus cases in Syria has reached 24,700 of which 21,646 have recovered and 1,799 others have passed away.


[ 10 JUN 2021, NES ]  Aid groups also said that they and other groups have struggled to supply healthcare centers in the region with certain types of drugs, including insulin, psychotropic medicines, and medicines for noncommunicable diseases. They say this is because they are unable to guarantee the cold chains needed to take the drugs to their final destination due to unpredictable administrative and transportation delays involved in using commercial border crossings between the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and northeast Syria. They say that because of this and the UN's inability to reach many nongovernment held areas through cross line aid, regular vaccination programs have faced serious interruptions in some areas, including in Kobani and Manbij sub Districts.


[ APR 2021, Overall Syria ]  Fungicides are generally available across the monitored governorates at an average selling price of 51 960 SYP per kg. Dará governorate recorded the highest price increase among the monitored governorates, with a selling price of 90 000 SYP per kg  ( 80 percent m o m increase ) . However, a moderate decrease in the fungicide selling price was observed in six governorates, namely Hasakeh, Aleppo, Homs, Tartous and Hama  ( 15, 13, 12, 11 and 8 percent m o m decrease respectively ) . The average selling price for fungicides remained constant in Rural Damascus at 55 000 SYP per kg.


[ MAR   APR 2021, Overall Syria ]  The average selling price of herbicides  ( i.e. dusts, granules or Wettable powders )  was 70 223 SYP per kg  ( 13 percent m o m decrease ) . A notable m o m decrease in the selling price of herbicides was recorded in Dará  ( 22 percent ) , Hasakeh  ( 21 percent ) , Homs  ( 15 percent ) , Hama  ( 15 percent ) , Aleppo  ( 13 percent ) , Tartous  ( 13 percent )  and Deir ez Zor  ( 12 percent ) . Prices remained constant m o m in Rural Damascus  ( figure 9 ) . The liquid herbicides recorded a 4 percent m o m decrease with an average selling price of 48 942 SYP per litre. All of the monitored governorates witnessed a m o m decrease in the average selling price ranging between 14 to 6 percent, except for Rural Damascus governorate, where the herbicide price remained constant at 27 000 SYP per litre since March 2021.


[ 8 June 2021, GoS ]  The Ministry indicated that the total number of the coronavirus cases recorded in Syria has reached up to 24,680 till now, of which 21,640 have recovered and 1,796 others have passed away.


[ 10 JUN 2021, NES ]  The Autonomous Administration in the northeast has not attempted to make its own application to the COVAX facility for Covid 19 vaccines. As a result, people in the northeast can currently only receive Covid 19 vaccines under Syria's National Vaccination Deployment Plan, which says the authorities in Damascus and various “sub national committees' are responsible for distributing them. Just over 350,000 doses of Covid 19 vaccines had reached Damascus by late April. An aid worker said that as of early June, 17,500 had been transferred to the northeast. According to the National Deployment and Vaccination Plan for Syria, they were transferred to the Qamishli airport with the WHO's support. An aid worker said that those doses are supposed to be distributed to healthcare workers in government and nongovernment held parts of al Hassakeh governorate and to nongovernment held parts of Deir al Zour governorate.


[ 11 24 May 2021, Al Dabousieh International Crossing, Homs ]   [ Retrieved from table ]  Mitigation measures in place: There is temperature screening, COVID 19 awareness campaign and mandatory quarantine at destination. Medical services present: There is Medical unit but no covid 19 testing, no Isolation space for suspected cases and no Transfer center to quarantine space.


[ June 2021, NES ]  The decrease in sufficient access to water is also attributable to the low water levels, with 20% of communities regionally reporting a non functioning main water network as a barrier to sufficient water, but other factors such as lack of electricity could contribute as well.


[ APR 2021, Overall Syria ]  The average price of eggplants was 1 031 SYP per kg in April 2021 across the monitored locations. However, Deir ez Zor governorate witnessed a sharp increase  ( 22 percent m o m )  with the average selling price reaching 1 425 SYP per kg. This price increase could indicate low supply of the vegetable and there is need for sector partners to support farmers with a diversity of vegetables inputs, including eggplant. Aleppo governorate observed a significant price drop  ( 28 percent m o  m )  with a price reached 867 SYP per kg. In both Rural Damascus and Dará governorates the price decreased to 1 000 SYP per kg  ( 17 percent m o m decrease ) .


[ APR 2021, Overall Syria ]  Diesel fuel availability was improved in April 2021, however; the farmers still have to rely on expensive diesel fuel offered in the local market to cover the unmet needs. The availability and subsequent price changes of fuel  ( i.e. diesel and gasoline )  and other energy sources will be monitored continuously as this may have ripple effects on various agriculture operations, especially water extraction and irrigation. The high cost and extremely limited availability of diesel fuel, in particular, will have adverse effects on agricultural production and may affect food and nutrition security.


[ 11 24 May 2021, AL Yabiseh International Crossing, Ar Raqqa ]   [ Retrieved from table ]  In last 2 weeks total number of traversers from Syria to Turkey are 200 which were categorised as others. In last 2 weeks total number of traversers from Turkey to Syria are 200 which were categorised as others.


[ March 2021, Ar Raqqa governorate ]   [ Tel Samen Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,701 ] 87% of households with a pregnant or lactating woman while living in the camp had reportedly been able to access obsteric or antenatal care. 99% of children under five years old were reported to be vaccinated against polio.


[ March 2021, Ar Raqqa governorate ]   [ Tel Samen Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,701 ]  Households reporting barriers when leaving the camp in the two weeks prior to data collection: Yes 93% and No 7%. Most commonly reported barriers to movement: Insufficient transportation  ( 64% ) , Transportation available but too expensive  ( 58% )  and Site departure conditions  ( 55% ) .


[ March 2021, Ar Raqqa governorate ]   [ Tel Samen Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,701 ]  Households reporting the presence of child protection concerns within the camp  ( in the two weeks prior to data collection ) : Yes 58% and No 42%. Most commonly reported child protection concerns: Child labour  ( 89% )  and Early marriage  ( below 18 years old )   ( 53% ) .


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  In April 2021, the informal national average price of transport diesel skyrocketed by 48 percent compared to March 2021 and by 452 percent since April 2020 reaching SYP 2,267/litre. Moreover, the informal price remains 12 times higher than the formal price  ( SYP 174/litre )    Chart 2. Subsidized diesel for heating and transportation remained at SYP 180/litre in government controlled areas  ( even though it usually ranges between SYP 180   SYP 200/litre because of the added service fees at some stations ) .


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ] M o m, the national average retail price of Egyptian white rice decreased by two percent reaching SYP 2,695/kg in April 2021. Nevertheless, the price of Egyptian white rice was up by 168 percent y o y. Quneitra recorded the highest price at SYP 3,078/kg  ( down six percent m o m ) , while Al Hasakeh recorded the lowest price at SYP 2,146/kg  ( down 15 percent m o m ) .


[ 11 24 May 2021, Hura International Crossing, Deir ez Zor ]   [ Retrieved from table ]  In last 2 weeks total number of traversers from Syria to Iraq are 120 which were travelers and others. In last 2 weeks total number of traversers from Iraq to Syria are 240 travelers and others.


[ 25 July 2021, GoS ]  In statement to SANA, Health Ministry said that the total number of infections recorded of the virus till now have reached up to 25865, of which 21942 have recovered and 1905 have passed away.


[ March 2021, Ar Raqqa governorate ]   [ Tel Samen Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,701 ]  Type of food assistance received, by % of households reporting: Food basket ( s )  100%, Bread distribution 98% and None 0%. 100% of households had received a food basket, bread distribution, cash, or vouchers in the 30 days prior to data collection.

Capacities & response->People reached/response gaps


[ March 2021, Ar Raqqa governorate ]   [ Tel Samen Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,701 ]  Average monthly household income:19 314,137 SYP  ( 82 USD ) . Top three reported primary income sources: Selling assistance items received 91%, Borrowed/gifted from family/friends 67% and Personal savings 17%.


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Newroz Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,479 ]  Top three reported livelihoods related coping strategies:  Reduce spending on NFIs: 26%  Spent savings: 22%  Borrowed money: 21%


[ September 13, Dar'a ]  Education Directorate has returned pupils and students of several schools in Daraa City to their original schools after transferring them temporarily due to the presence of families who came from Daraa al Balad area and who were residing in these schools, and that came after these families had returned to their homes and after performing an emergency maintenance for the schools.


[ April 2021, NWS ]  Between January and April 2021, the Cluster tracked over 97,000 individual displacements, which include second or third displacements, meaning that some people may have been forced to move multiple times within the same period and that the reasons for movement may vary.


[ 11 24 May 2021, Jarabulus International Crossing, Aleppo ]   [ Retrieved from table ]  In last 2 weeks total number of traversers from Syria to Turkey are 535 which were work related, humanitarian partners and others. In last 2 weeks total number of traversers from Turkey to Syria are 560 which were work related, humanitarian partners, commercial trucks and others.


[ APR 2021, Overall Syria ]  Phosphate fertilizer is available at the Agriculture Bank at a subsided price of 240 SYP per kg in three governorates out of eight, Aleppo, Rural Damascus and Dará. Phosphate fertilizer is still available in the local markets at a price of 1 383 SYP per kg  ( 2 percent m o m decrease )  in April 2021. The average selling price remained constant in Hama, Deir ez Zor, Rural Damascus and Dará governorates, while the lowest price was recorded in Aleppo at a price of 875 SYP per kg, highlighting a 13 percent m o m decrease.


[ APR 2021, Overall Syria ]  For rice, there was an observed decrease in the selling prices across monitored governorates with an average of 2 815 SYP per kg  ( 8 percent m o m decrease ) . Deir ez Zor observed the most significant price drop  ( 22 percent decrease m o m ) , with the average selling price reaching 2 175 SYP per kg. Tartous observed a 13 percent decrease in the average selling price at 2 258 SYP per kg.


[ April 2021, NWS ]  % of communities where barriers to accessing income from agriculture to meet basic needs were reported: 27% of residents and 23% of IDPs reported Lack of access to resources. 26% residents and 10% IDPs reported Seasonality of production, 3% residents and 1% IDPs reported Degradation of agricultural lands/ crop damage and 1% residents and 1% IDPs reported High rates of livestock death.


[ April 2021,Overall Syria ]  More than two out of five interviewed households  ( 43 percent )  reported poor or borderline food consumption in April 2021, marking a nearly 50 percent increase compared to levels recorded in April 2020. The highest levels recorded among female headed households  ( 51 percent ) . The national average rate of inade  quate food consumption  ( poor and borderline combined )  decreased by 16 percent from March 2021, however it witnessed an increase by almost half the level recorded in April 2020. The monthly decrease in inadequate food consumption levels in April is likely induced by the observance of the holy month of Ramadan when households tend to have an improved access to food and vulnerable families receive greater assistance from their community and charity organizations in the form of food or livestock. While this trend remains generally low  ( even compared to Ramadan 2020 when households consumed animal source protein on average of three times a week ) , it represents the highest national average consumption rate of protein over the past six months.


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The national average price of subsidized bread in April 2021 reached SYP 120/bundle  ( up one percent m o m and 132 percent y o y ) . The increase is due to the increased fees charged by agents as a result of the increased transport cost. Moreover, commercial bread price decreased by six percent m o m but increased by 129 percent y o y, reaching SYP 1,596/bundle. As Sweida recorded the highest average commercial bread price at SYP 2,366/bundle  ( up 20 percent m o m ) , while Hama and Homs recorded the lowest average price of SYP 800/bundle  ( down nine and 55 percent m o m, respectively ) .


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The informal exchange rate strengthened in April 2021 as the Syrian pound gained 26 percent of its value reaching SYP 3,146/USD. However, compared to a year ago, the Syrian pound has significantly depreciated by 60 percent. The strengthening of the informal exchange rate is believed to be linked to the devaluation of the official Syrian pound rate from SYP 1,250/USD to SYP 2,500/USD on 15 April 2021. This is the third devaluation of the Syrian pound since November 2019.


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  In April 2021, the formal butane gas cylinder price  ( 25,000 L )  increased by 16 percent m o m due to added transport cost and other fees by agents. One butane gas cylinder on the formal market was priced at SYP 4,079/ refill. The informal national average price of one butane gas cylinder  ( 25,000 L )  has also increased by eight percent m o m and by 123 percent since April 2020 reaching SYP 28,643/refill in April 2021. Hama recorded the highest price at SYP 35,828/refill  ( up seven percent m o m ) , while Al Hasakeh recorded the lowest price at SYP 11,417  ( up ten percent m o m ) .


[ April 2021, NWS, GoS & NES ]  For the price of butane gas cylinders, broken down by regions, northwest Syria recorded the highest informal refill price at SYP 35,094/refill  ( up 35 percent m o m ) , followed by the crossborder region at SYP 33,997/refill  ( down 15 percent m o m ) . While, northeast Syria recorded the lowest price at SYP 20,997/refill  ( up 22 percent m om ) , followed by the southern region at SYP 28,711/refill  ( up 19 percent m o  m ) .


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  The national average Terms of Trade between wheat flour and wage labour, a proxy indicator for purchasing power, increased by nine percent between March and April 2021, reaching 3.2 kg of wheat flour/daily wage compared to 2.9 kg of wheat flour in March 2021. However, the national average ToT between wheat flour and wage labour decreased by 36 percent compared to October 2020  ( six months ago )  and by 21 percent compared to April 2020. In other words, the national average daily wage of a non skilled labourer could buy 3.2 kg of wheat flour in April 2021 compared to four kg in October 2020, and five kg in April 2020.


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  In April 2021, the ToT  ( Terms of Trade )  between an alive two year old male sheep and wheat flour was 276 kg/sheep  ( up ten percent m o m ) . Highlighting an improvement in the exchange for livestock owners who could buy on average ten percent more of wheat flour compared to a month earlier. However, the ToT has worsened by 34 percent since April 2020.


[ 12 JUN 2021, GoS ]  The Ministry noted that the total number of the registered coronavirus cases in Syria has reached 24,789 of which 21,668 have recovered and 1,808 others have passed away.


[ June 2021, Overall Syria ]  On average in Ar Raqqa and Deir ez Zor, when looking at the decrease percentage in prices between April  ( the beginning of planting period )  and June  ( the beginning of harvest season ) , tomatoes' price decreased by 38 percent in 2021 compared to 62 percent during the same period  ( April to June )  over the past three year average price  ( 2018 to 2020 ) .


[ June 2021, Overall Syria ]  The national average non skilled labour wage, representing construction, off  loading and agricultural labour, was recorded at SYP 6,729/day  ( up five percent m o m )  in June 2021. Moreover, the wage rate was 82 percent above its y o y level and 31 percent above levels recorded in December 2020.


[ April 2021, Overall Syria ]  In April, the vaccination of frontline health workers started in several parts of Syria following the arrival in country of the first batch of some 203,000 doses of the COVAX AstraZeneca vaccines. Refugees and camp based internally displaced people will be included in the national vaccination plan, following extensive advocacy and preparatory work by the UN Country Team in Syria earlier in the year.


[ 16 June 2021, GoS ]  The Ministry added, in a statement, that the total number of the coronavirus cases recorded in Syria till now has reached up to 24,946, of which 21,699 have recovered, while 1,826 have passed away.


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Newroz Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,479 ] Immunization services for childen was reported by 19% of households as a priority health need.


[ 10 June 2021, NES ]   [ same as previous report ]  Ghazawiyet Afrin and Deir Ballut in Aleppo are open for commercial, military, and humanitarian cargo movement. Bab alHawa in Idleb remains partially re opened for humanitarian workers and emergency medical cases to cross to Turkey. Syrian citizens in Turkey can reportedly apply for voluntary return to Syria through the crossing. Ghazawiyet Afrin and Deir Ballut in Aleppo are open for commercial, military, and humanitarian cargo movement.


[ 15 June 2021, GoS ]  "The main reason for the sanctions is the regime, it has lost its legitimacy, it's an internationally condemned regime that has committed war crimes," Rashad al Bustani, a taxi driver in Suwayda continued. "The sanctions are on members of the Syrian regime, not on the people and do not include food, but the regime represents as if it is innocent, and that sanctions are the cause. They sell humanitarian aid to the people; all the people know that the survival of the regime is a continuation of the crisis, exacerbating it," he said.


[ 24 July 2021, GoS ]  The regime's Ministry of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection issued a decree raising the price of petrol  ( octane 95 )  distributed via smart card from 2,000 SYL to 3000 SYL per litre. This decree followed another decree raising the state subsidized prices of sugar and rice. Moreover, the Syrian regime government had raised oil and bread by over 100% a few days after earlier increase in the prices of petrol, sugar and rice. Accordingly, the price of oil providing all institutions of public and privet sectors, including bread bakeries, was risen from 185 SYL per litre to 500 SYL. Regime government also raised the price of a pack of bread from 100 SYL to 200 SYL.


[ 21 June 2021, Overall Syria ]  Along with higher prices to farmers that are denominated in dollars to deter them from selling to Damascus, the self administration has so far banned any sale outside its territory. The 1,150 pounds a kilo purchase price was set substantially higher than the Damascus level to ensure the northeast administration gets the largest possible quantity to enable self sufficiency, Kurdish officials say.


[ May 2021, GoS ]   [ Same as previous report ]  In 2021, more than 12.4 million people  ( out of the total estimated population of 20 million )  require health assistance.

Humanitarian conditions->Number of people in need


[ May 2021, GoS ]  Covid 19 cases were reported mostly from Damascus governorate 5,420  ( 22% )  of total cases, Aleppo 3,524  ( 14% ) , Lattakia 3,788  ( 16% ) , Homs 3,933  ( 12 ) , Rural Damascus 2,533  ( 10% ) , Tartous 1,833  ( 8% ) , Dar'a 1,290  ( 5% ) , As Sweida 1,277  ( 5% ) , Hama 1,068  ( 4% ) , Quneitra 476  ( 2% ) , Deir ez Zor 225  ( 1% ) , Al Hasakeh 102  ( 1% ) , and Ar Raqqa 23 cases.

raqqa damascus quneitra tartous hama homs lattakia aleppo us


[ June 2021, NWS ]  56% of communities where KIs reported that the households did not have access to health services in the assessed location.


[ June 2021, NES ]  The combined impact of the delayed rainfall at the start of the planting season, persistent drought conditions throughout 2021, and reduced water levels of the Euphrates since late January has resulted in high levels of damage to this season's winter crops. Local sources estimate that between 60 95%h of rain fed crops failed due to the lack of rainfall.


[ June 2021, NWS ]  KIs in 47% of communities cited the high cost of health services as a common challenge.


[ 27 April 2021, NES ]  On April 27, Syrian Observatory for Human Rights  ( SOHR ) activists in the countryside of al Hasakah monitored a Russian patrol heading to al Asadiya area coming from al Qamishli, accompanied by electricity maintenance technicians belonging to the Syrian Red Crescent. The maintenance workshop entered the areas held by Turkish backed factions in the countryside of al Hasakah, under Turkish forces' protection, then they went to the Alouk water station in the countryside of Ras al Ain  ( Sere Kaniye )  to make repairs at the station responsible for supplying the city of al Hasakah and the villages of its countryside with drinking water. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitored popular discontent in the city of Ras al Ain and its countryside, following the power outage for the second day in a row, due to the use of electricity in water extracting to water agricultural projects.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East Old Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,790 ]  Main information sources about COVID 19 as reported by households: Friends/family 71%, Television 51% and NGOs or charities 45%.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East Old Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,790 ]  Household expenditure: Average monthly household: 351,198 SYP  ( 116 USD ) . Top three reported expenditure categories:  Food 100%  Electricity 97%  Healthcare 79%


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East Old Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,790 ]  Proportion of households that reported using negative strategies to cope with a lack of water in the two weeks prior to data collection: Yes 91% and No 9%. Most commonly reported strategies: • Modify hygiene practices  ( 66% )  • Rely on stored drinking water  ( 35% )  • Reduce drinking water consumption  ( 30% )


[ June 2021, NWS ]  96% and 47% % of communities where KIs reported the insufficient income of households and general lack of employment opportunities as barriers to meeting basic needs.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East Old Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,790 ]  Percentage of households at each FCS level: Acceptable 59%, Borderline 22% and Poor 19%.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East Old Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,790 ]  2% of households reported that some members could not access latrines, with persons with disabilities  ( 100% ) 10 being most frequently reported by households.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East Old Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 1,790 ]  Percentage of households consuming iron, protein and vitamin A rich foods by frequency: Iron: Daily 0%, Sometimes 42% and Never 58%. Protein: Daily 55%, Sometimes 44% and Never 1%. Vitamin A: Daily 41%, Sometimes 58% and Never 1%.


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Serekaniye Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 11,181 ]  Top measures taken by camp management in response to the pandemic as reported by households:  Enforcing curfew: 86%  Distributing hygiene materials: 70%  Closing schools/mosques/communal areas: 56%


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Serekaniye Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 11,181 ]  Households reporting knowing about any designated space for women and girls in the site: Yes 43% and No 57%. Of the 43% of households who reported knowing about any designated space, 44% reported that a girl or woman from their household attended one in the last 30 days prior to data collection.

girl woman girls women their individuals


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Serekaniye Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 11,181 ]  9% of school aged children in the households were reported to receive education. Additionally, 0% of households reported that their schoolaged children receive education through remote learning.


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Serekaniye Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 11,181 ]  Most commonly reported sources of light inside shelters:  Powered by public electricity network: 77%  Powered by solar panels: 23%  Flashlight or battery powered lamp: 16%


[ August 2021, Ar Raqqa & Al Hasakeh ]  Ar Raqqa recorded the highest red split lentils price at SYP 3,967/kg  ( down one percent m o m ) , while Al Hasakeh recorded the lowest price at SYP 1,957/kg  ( up eight percent m o m ) .


[ 7th 14th June, NWS ]  % of surveyed vendors reporting manually refined cooking kerosene as unavailable in their community/neighbourhood: 69%


[ 17 AUG, GoS ]  The Ministry added that the total number of the coronavirus cases recorded in Syria has reached up to 26,409 till now, of which 22,166 have recovered, while 1,940 have passed away.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East New Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,412 ]  85% of households reported that they had borrowed money in the 30 days prior to data collection; on average, these households had a debt load amounting to 255,808 SYP  ( 85 USD ) . Top three reported reasons for taking on debt:  Food: 100%  Healthcare: 77%  Clothing/non food items  ( NFI ) : 56%


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East New Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,412 ]  Top measures taken by camp management in response to the pandemic as reported by households:  Changing distribution procedures: 67%  Asking people to stay at home: 65%  Enforcing curfew: 53%


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East New Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,412 ]  23% of households reported selling assisstance items with food assistance followed by winter items being the most commonly sold. Households reported that needing cash for more urgent spending  ( 100% )  and the item/assistance being provided too late/too early  ( 8% )  were the main reason for selling assistance items they received.


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East New Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,412 ]  Most commonly reported ways money from sales of assistance items was used:  Spent the money on food: 92%  Spent the money on health expenses: 67%  Spent the money on clothes: 25%


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Serekaniye Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 11,181 ]  7% of interviewees reported living with disabilities themselves,4 and 53% of households reported having at least 1 household member living with a disability  ( including the respondent ) .


[ Syria, July ]  In opposition held areas in northwest Syria, approximately 26,432 COVID 19 cases were reported by the end of July, an increase of 771 new cases compared to the previous month. Around 16 percent of these COVID 19 cases in northwest Syria were in IDP camps.


[ Syria, July ]  In Dar'a governorate, 32 percent of the surveyed households indicated that they had lost one or more sources of income over the past month, with 19 percent of these respondents lost more than half of their July income.


[ June 2021, NES ]  % of communities where KIs reported the presence of residents relying on non productive sources of livelihoods to meet their basic needs: 2%: humanitarian assistance 22%: loans and remittances


[ September 3, GoS ] The Health Ministry announced that 129 coronavirus cases were recorded in Syria, adding that 19 other cases recovered, while 5 passed away.


[ September 10, GoS ]  The Ministry added in a statement that the total number of coronavirus cases reported in Syria has reached 29,086 till now, of which 22,663 have recovered, while 2060 have passed away.


[ 7th 14th June, NWS ]  High Quality Petrol: 2,494 SYP per litre One month price change: increase of 4% Six month price change: increase of 51% % of surveyed vendors reporting high quality petrol as unavailable in their community/neighbourhood: 3%


[ 7th 14th June, NWS ]  MEDIAN PRICE OF COVID 19 ITEMS: Face Mask  ( 1 piece ) : 370 SYP Plastic Gloves  ( box of 100 ) : 20,800 SYP Sterile Alcohol  ( 1 ltr ) : 7,594 SYP Hand Sanitizer  ( 500 ml ) : 3,888 SYP Bottled Bleach  ( 1 ltr ) : 1,585 Trash Bags  ( roll of 30 ) : 3,075


[ May 2021, Aleppo governorate ]   [ Menbij East New Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 3,412 ]  87% of households reported having hand/body soap available at the time of data collection.


[ 7th 14th June, NWS ]  Informal USD/SYP regional median exchange rate: 3,165 SYP to 1 USD One month rate change: increase of 4% Six month rate change: increase of 17% The highest exchange rate was recorded at 3,244 SYP for 1 USD in Eskat community, in Idleb governorate.


[ May 2021, Al Hasakeh governorate ]   [ Serekaniye Camp Overview: Number of individuals: 11,181 ]  98% of households reported having hand/body soap available at the time of data collection.


[ 7th 14th June, NWS ]  SMEB VEGETABLE COMPONENT: 8,334 SYP  ( 3 USD )  One month price change: decrease of 22% Six month price change: decrease of 31% • Potatoes: decreased by 8% • Tomatoes: decreased by 23% • Onions: decreased by 28% • Cucumbers: decreased by 39% These price drops were likley attributed to key vegetable items being in season and produced locally, bolstered by significant imports from Government of Syria  ( GoS )  areas, Egypt and Turkey.


[ 18 September 2021, GoS ]  The Ministry told SANA that the total number of infections reached at 30337, out of them 22967 have recovered while 2112 have died.


[ July 2021, GoS, NES & NWS ]  The price of Egyptian white rice, M o m, the Middle region recorded the highest price at SYP 2,631/kg  ( up seven percent m o m ) , followed by the Southern region at SYP 2,577/kg  ( down three percent m o m ) . Northeast Syria recorded the lowest average Egyptian white rice price by region at SYP 2,168/kg  ( down two percent m o m ) , followed by Northwest Syria at SYP 2,382/kg  ( up one percent m o m ) .


[ July 2021, Overall Syria ] Between June and July 2021, the price of all monitored COVID 19 items decreased except for surgeon masks and plastic gloves. M o m, the price of surgeon masks and plastic gloves increased by five and 10 percent, reaching SYP 357/mask and SYP 583/pair, respectively. Moreover, m o m, the price of hand gel, bleach and alcohol spray decreased by one percent while the price of soap bars decreased by two percent, reaching SYP 1,085/50 ml, SYP 1,406/ litre, SYP 2,216/200 ml and SYP 501/bar, respectively.


[ July 2021, GoS ]  The lowest monthly average rate in July was reported in Tartous at SYP 3,175/USD  ( depreciating by one percent m o m ) , followed by Quneitra at SYP 3,180/USD  ( depreciating by one percent m o m ) . Moreover, the formal exchange rate and the UN operational rate have both remained unchanged m o m at SYP 2,500/USD.


[ September 22, GoS ]  Dr. Hassaba pointed out that community transmission of COVID 19 is increasing. Yesterday, 190 new infections were recorded, which is the largest daily number since the first case was announced in March last year. Hassaba pointed out that the highest number of daily infections recorded during the first peak of the virus outbreak reached 105 infections, on August 13th last year. During the second peak, the highest number of daily infections was 169 infections, on December 18th last year. Finally, in the third peak, the highest daily case number was 172 cases, recorded on March 22.


[ September 23, NWS ] Government health authorities said the number of cases reported in the last twenty four hours has hit 235, the highest daily tally since the first case was reported in March last year.


[ September 9, NWS ]  A surge in the COVID 19 Delta variant in North West Syria is leaving health authorities overwhelmed, with only a dozen or so intensive care unit beds  ( ICU )  left, putting children and other people with heath concerns at risk, Save the Children warned today.


[ September 9, NWS ]  One doctor told Save the Children's partner organisation, Violet, which provides support for health services, that the number of positive cases was increasing daily and their COVID 19 Community Treatment Center had hit 100% capacity.


[ August 2021, NWS, GoS, NES ]  Broken down by regions, Northwest Syria recorded the highest informal butane gas refill price at SYP 60,783/refill  ( up 18 percent m o m ) , followed by the Middle region at SYP 59,404/refill  ( up 57 percent m o m ) . Northeast Syria recorded the lowest price at SYP 22,027/refill  ( up eight percent m o m ) , followed by the Cross border region at SYP 36,345/refill  ( up two percent m o m )


[ August 2021, NWS, GoS & NES ]  Rice: M o m, the Cross border region recorded the highest price at SYP 2,733/kg  ( up eight percent m o m ) , followed by the Southern region at SYP 2,616/kg  ( up two percent m o m ) . Northeast Syria recorded the lowest average Egyptian white rice price by region at SYP 2,286/kg  ( up five percent m o m ) , followed by Northwest Syria at SYP 2,452/kg  ( up three percent m o m )


[ August 2021, Overall Syria ]  The informal national average price of one butane gas cylinder  ( 25,000 L )  increased by 31 percent m o m, reaching SYP 49,612/refill in August 2021. The price also increased compared to August 2020 by 321 percent. Dar'a recorded the highest price at SYP 85,171/refill  ( up 33 percent m o m ) , while Al Hasakeh recorded the lowest price at SYP 11,808/ refill  ( up 0.5 percent m o m ) .


[ August 2021, Overall Syria ]  In August 2021, the national average retail price of sugar increased by 13 percent m o m, reaching SYP 2,318/kg. Moreover, the national average price has increased by 21 percent since February 2021  ( six months ago )  and by 95 percent since August 2020. Dar'a recorded the highest sugar price at SYP 2,446/kg  ( up 16 percent m o m ) , while Al Hasakeh recorded the lowest price of SYP 1,852/kg  ( up five percent m o m )


Worryingly, the first case in the densely populated, under resourced al Hol camp was also recorded late Saturday, August 29.


[ Sept 2020, Rural Aleppo ]  NGOs operating in Syria should collaborate and coordinate more with local NGOs who have access and are closer to rural communities.


The national average food basket price was 110 percent higher than that of February 2020  ( before COVID 19 movement restrictions )  and was 231 percent higher compared to October 2019  ( start of the Lebanese financial crisis )  and 240 percent higher vis à vis June 2019


The Ministry of Health also said that 2,336 people had been quarantined in 33 official quarantine centres across the country between February 05 and April 20, most of whom have now left. There were 341 patients currently under medical care, it said. The number of specialised laboratories stands at five, including two in Damascus and one each in Lattakia, Homs and Aleppo.


[ 24 Jan 2021, NES ]  Temporary responses organized by local authorities and human rights organizations, such as tankers carrying water to surrounding villages, are no real substitute. The water is more expensive, of a lower quality and is not suitable for drinking.


The UN World Health Organization  ( WHO )  on Thursday put the number of COVID 19 deaths in Syria at98, with 75 new cases reported.


Those who reported being able to pay rent paid on average 43,333 Syrian Pounds, while those who were not able to pay rent paid on average 42,250 Syrian Pounds. Those who reported being able to partially pay the rent pay 48,750 Syrian Pounds. Given fluctuations in the exchange rate, all financial figures are intentionally presented in SYP to diminish potential miscalculations at the time of implementation.


In order to keep a safe level of inventories, the government has banned the export of many agricultural products, including bulgur, lentils, chickpeas, beans, rice, sugar and vegetable oil. In practice, Syria does not export much of these products and is actually a net importer of some, such as rice and sugar. Similar export restrictions have been imposed on various products in recent weeks.