Instruction: 아프리카에서 가장 많이 방문한 국가를 추출하여 {국가} - {국제 관광객 입국자(2019)} 형식의 총알을 이용하여 나열하는 단계

Context:
세계 관광 순위는 유엔 세계 관광 기구가 매년 최대 6회 발간하는 세계 관광 바로미터 발행의 일환으로 집계하고 있다. 출판물에서 목적지는 국제 방문자 도착 수, 인바운드 관광에 의해 생성된 수입, 아웃바운드 여행자의 지출에 의해 순위가 매겨진다.

국제 관광객 도착으로 가장 많이 방문한 여행지
2019년 전 세계 국제 관광객 입국자는 14억 5,900만 명으로 2018년 대비 3.7% 증가하였다. 2019년 국제 관광 목적지 상위 10곳은 다음과 같다.

랭크리튜드DestinationInternational
관광객
도착.
(2019)SpecifiesInternational
관광객
도착.
(2018)DuringDuringChange
(2018)
2019)
(%) strokesChange
(2017)
2018)
(%)
1탄도 프랑스의 탄도-탄도89.4백만탄도-탄도증가 2.9
2 criticized Spain specifies83.5 million toxins82.8 million toxinsIncrease 0.8 toxinsIncrease 1.1
3THIUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUSUS
4 nights China already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
5 nights Italy already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
6 nights TurkeyJeezGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGoshGosh
7 temporarily MexicoWere45.0 millionDsches41.3 millionDschesIncrease 9.0DschesIncrease 5.1
8 criticized Thailand already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
9 temporarily Germany already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
10 criticized United Kingdom specifies39.4 millionUnlessUnless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless
아프리카
2019년 아프리카로의 국제 관광객 입국자 수는 6,990만 명(이집트와 리비아 제외)으로 2018년보다 2.4% 증가했다. 2019년 아프리카 여행지 상위 10곳은 다음과 같다.

랭크리튜드DestinationInternational
관광객
도착.
(2019)SpecifiesInternational
관광객
도착.
(2018)DuringDuringChange
(2018)
2019)
(%) strokesChange
(2017)
2018)
(%)
1 noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon noon
2 nights Morocco specifies 12.9 millionDsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsolsols
남아프리카 공화국 권장량 10.2백만 달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달
4 phagisia Tunisia specifies9.4 millionUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnlessUnless
5 Boston Algeria encourages2.4 million Boston2.7 million BostonDecrease 10.8 BostonIncrease 8.4
6 nights Zimbabwe praised2.3백만Discrece2.6백만Discrece10.8Dsrece5.9
7 Boston MozambiqueFoundation2.0 millionDscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscenscens
8탄도 Ivory Coast pricing-201탄도-201탄도-201탄도-201탄도 증가율 9.2
9탄도 케냐탄도-탄도1.9백만탄도-탄도증가율 15.4
10탄도 보츠와나 고무-탄도 1.7백만 탄도-탄도 증가 2.0
참고: 이집트와 리비아는 UNWTO에서 "중동"으로 분류된다.
아메리카
2019년 미주 지역 국제 관광객 입국자는 2억 1,910만 명으로 1.5% 증가했다. 2019년 상위 10개 여행지는 다음과 같습니다.

랭크리튜드DestinationInternational
관광객
도착.
(2019)SpecifiesInternational
관광객
도착.
(2018)DuringDuringChange
(2018)
2019)
(%) strokesChange
(2017)
2018)
(%)
1Given United States Colorado79.3백만Discrete79.7백만Discrete79.7백만Discrete79.7백만Discrete79.6Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만Discrete79.6백만
2Skills MexicoWere45.0 millionDsches41.3 millionDschesIncrease 9.0DschesIncrease 5.1
3 strikes Canada specifies22.1 millionUnlessUnless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless
4 strikes Argentina specifies7.4 millionDsches6.9 millionDschesches6.6Dschesches6.6Dschesches3.4Dschesches6.6Dschesches6.6Dschesches6.6Dschesches6.6Dscheschesches6.6Dschescheschesches6.6Dschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschescheschesches
도미니카공화국 권장량 6.4백만 달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달달
6 strikes Brazil201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201201
7 temporarily ChileANGO4.5 million Models5.7 million Models5.7 million ModelsDecrease 21.1 ModelsDecrease 11.3
8 criticized Peru praised4.4 millionDsches4.4 millionDsches4.4 millionDsches1.1Dsches9.6
9 praised CubaSpecifies4.3 millionDiscreteDecrease 9.0DiscreteIncrease 2.0
10 confisc Colombia specifies4.2 millionDsches4.0 millionDschesIncrease 3.4DschesIncrease 10.7
아시아와 태평양
2019년 아시아-태평양 국제 관광객 입국자는 3억 6,770만 명으로 2018년 대비 4.1% 증가하였다. 2019년 상위 10개 여행지는 다음과 같다.

랭크리튜드DestinationInternational
관광객
도착.
(2019)SpecifiesInternational
관광객
도착.
(2018)DuringDuringChange
(2018)
2019)
(%) strokesChange
(2017)
2018)
(%)
1 stabbed China praised65.7 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless62.9 millionUnless
2 strikes Thailand already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
3 Images JapanSpecifies32.2 millionThings31.2 millionThingsIncrease 3.2ThingsIncrease 8.7
4 criticized Malaysia praised26.1 million fries25.8 million friesIncrease 1.0 friesDecrease 0.4
5 nights Hong Kong specifies 23.8 millionUnlessUnless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless
6 nights Macau specifies18.6 millionDsches18.5 millionDschesIncrease 0.8DschesIncrease 7.2
7 Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan Pusan
8 criticized India already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
9 temporarily South Korea praised17.5 millionDsols15.3 millionDsolsIncrease 14.0DsolsIncrease 15.1
10 criticized Indonesia specifies15.5 millionUnlessUnless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless unless
유럽
2019년 유럽으로의 국제 관광객 입국자는 7억 4,430만 명으로 2017년 대비 3.9% 증가하였다. 2019년 상위 10개 여행지는 다음과 같다.

랭크리튜드DestinationInternational
관광객
도착.
(2019)SpecifiesInternational
관광객
도착.
(2018)DuringDuringChange
(2018)
2019)
(%) strokesChange
(2017)
2018)
(%)
1탄도 프랑스의 탄도-탄도89.4백만탄도-탄도증가 2.9
2Given SpainWere83.7 millionDsirth82.8 millionDsirthIncrease 1.1DsirthIncrease 1.1
3Skills Italy already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
4 nights TurkeyRunningDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDateDate
5 temporarily Germany already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
6asures United KingdomWasowed39.4 millionDsaturated38.7 millionDsaturated1.9Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2.2Dsaturated2
7 Boston Austria specifies31.9 millionDsches30.8 millionDschesIncrease 3.5DschesIncrease 4.6
8 strikes Greece already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
9 phosphoryal PortugalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnlessalUnless
10Given RussiaDid24.4 millionDiscrete24.6 millionDiscrete24.6 millionDiscrete24.6 millionDiscrete24.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 millionDiscrete22.6 million
중동
2019년 중동 지역(이란과 이스라엘 제외) 국제 관광객 입국자는 6,140만 명으로 2018년 대비 2.1% 증가했다. 2019년 상위 10개 여행지는 다음과 같다.

랭크리튜드DestinationInternational
관광객
도착.
(2019)SpecifiesInternational
관광객
도착.
(2018)DuringDuringChange
(2018)
2019)
(%) strokesChange
(2017)
2018)
(%)
1 temporarily Saudi ArabiaUnless17.5 millionDsUnless15.5 millionDsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless3.7DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.7DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless3.7DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless13.0DsUnless3.7DsUnless13.0DsUnless3.7DsUnless13.0DsUnless3.7DsUnless13.0DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.7DsUnless3.
2CannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannotCannot;
3 knew Egypt already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already already
4Placement IranGiven9.1 millionDsols7.3 millionDsolsIncrease 24.4DsolsIncrease 49.9
5 Boston Israel encourages4.6 millionDsols4.1 millionDsolsIncrease 10.5DsolsIncrease 14.1
6asures JordanDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuercetinDidQuerc
7 Boston BahrainEstimation3.8 millionDsches4.4 millionDschesdecrease 11.8Dschesdecrease 0.2
8 criticized Oman specifies2.5 million toxins2.3 million toxinsIncrease 8.6 criticizedDecrease 0.6
9 nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights nights
10 criticized Lebanon specifies1.9 millionDsached2.0 millionDsachedDecrease 1.4DsachedIncrease 5.8
주의: 이란은 UNWTO에서 "남아시아"의 일부로 분류된다.
이스라엘은 UNWTO에서 "남부/메디트.유럽"의 일부로 분류된다.

Response:
이집트 - 1,300만
모로코 - 1290만
남아공 - 1,200만
튀니지 - 94만
알제리 - 240만
짐바브웨 - 230만
모잠비크 - 200만
Ivory Coast -
케냐 -
보츠와나 -

Extract the most visited countries in Africa and list them using bullets in the format {Country} - {International tourist arrivals (2019)}

The World Tourism rankings are compiled by the United Nations World Tourism Organization as part of their World Tourism Barometer publication, which is released up to six times per year. In the publication, destinations are ranked by the number of international visitor arrivals, by the revenue generated by inbound tourism, and by the expenditure of outbound travelers.

Most visited destinations by international tourist arrivals
In 2019 there were 1.459 billion international tourist arrivals worldwide, with a growth of 3.7% as compared to 2018. The top 10 international tourism destinations in 2019 were:

Rank	Destination	International
tourist
arrivals
(2019)	International
tourist
arrivals
(2018)	Change
(2018 to
2019)
(%)	Change
(2017 to
2018)
(%)
1	 France	–	89.4 million	-	Increase 2.9
2	 Spain	83.5 million	82.8 million	Increase 0.8	Increase 1.1
3	 United States	79.3 million	79.7 million	Decrease 0.6	Increase 3.3
4	 China	65.7 million	62.9 million	Increase 4.5	Increase 3.6
5	 Italy	64.5 million	61.6 million	Increase 4.8	Increase 5.7
6	 Turkey	51.2 million	45.8 million	Increase 11.9	Increase 21.7
7	 Mexico	45.0 million	41.3 million	Increase 9.0	Increase 5.1
8	 Thailand	39.8 million	38.2 million	Increase 4.3	Increase 7.3
9	 Germany	39.6 million	38.9 million	Increase 1.8	Increase 3.8
10	 United Kingdom	39.4 million	38.7 million	Increase 1.9	Decrease 2.2
Africa
In 2019, there were 69.9 million international tourist arrivals to Africa (excluding Egypt and Libya), an increase of 2.4% from 2018. In 2019, the top ten African destinations were:

Rank	Destination	International
tourist
arrivals
(2019)	International
tourist
arrivals
(2018)	Change
(2018 to
2019)
(%)	Change
(2017 to
2018)
(%)
1	 Egypt	13.0 million	11.3 million	Increase 14.8	Increase 36.8
2	 Morocco	12.9 million	12.3 million	Increase 5.2	Increase 8.3
3	 South Africa	10.2 million	10.5 million	Decrease 2.3	Increase 1.8
4	 Tunisia	9.4 million	8.3 million	Increase 13.6	Increase 17.7
5	 Algeria	2.4 million	2.7 million	Decrease 10.8	Increase 8.4
6	 Zimbabwe	2.3 million	2.6 million	Decrease 10.8	Increase 5.9
7	 Mozambique	2.0 million	2.7 million	Decrease 26.4	Increase 89.6
8	 Ivory Coast	–	2.0 million	-	Increase 9.2
9	 Kenya	–	1.9 million	-	Increase 15.4
10	 Botswana	–	1.7 million	-	Increase 2.0
Note: Egypt and Libya are classified under "Middle East" in the UNWTO.
Americas
In 2019, there were 219.1 million international tourist arrivals to the Americas, an increase of 1.5%. In 2019, the top ten destinations were:

Rank	Destination	International
tourist
arrivals
(2019)	International
tourist
arrivals
(2018)	Change
(2018 to
2019)
(%)	Change
(2017 to
2018)
(%)
1	 United States	79.3 million	79.7 million	Decrease 0.6	Increase 3.3
2	 Mexico	45.0 million	41.3 million	Increase 9.0	Increase 5.1
3	 Canada	22.1 million	21.1 million	Increase 4.8	Increase 1.2
4	 Argentina	7.4 million	6.9 million	Increase 6.6	Increase 3.4
5	 Dominican Republic	6.4 million	6.6 million	Decrease 1.9	Increase 6.2
6	 Brazil	6.4 million	6.6 million	Decrease 4.1	Increase 0.5
7	 Chile	4.5 million	5.7 million	Decrease 21.1	Decrease 11.3
8	 Peru	4.4 million	4.4 million	Decrease 1.1	Increase 9.6
9	 Cuba	4.3 million	4.7 million	Decrease 9.0	Increase 2.0
10	 Colombia	4.2 million	4.0 million	Increase 3.4	Increase 10.7
Asia and the Pacific
In 2019, there were 360.7 million international tourist arrivals to Asia-Pacific, an increase of 4.1% over 2018. In 2019, the top ten destinations were:

Rank	Destination	International
tourist
arrivals
(2019)	International
tourist
arrivals
(2018)	Change
(2018 to
2019)
(%)	Change
(2017 to
2018)
(%)
1	 China	65.7 million	62.9 million	Increase 4.5	Increase 3.6
2	 Thailand	39.8 million	38.2 million	Increase 4.3	Increase 7.3
3	 Japan	32.2 million	31.2 million	Increase 3.2	Increase 8.7
4	 Malaysia	26.1 million	25.8 million	Increase 1.0	Decrease 0.4
5	 Hong Kong	23.8 million	29.3 million	Decrease 18.8	Increase 4.9
6	 Macau	18.6 million	18.5 million	Increase 0.8	Increase 7.2
7	 Vietnam	18.0 million	15.5 million	Increase 16.2	Increase 19.9
8	 India	17.9 million	17.4 million	Increase 2.8	Increase 12.1
9	 South Korea	17.5 million	15.3 million	Increase 14.0	Increase 15.1
10	 Indonesia	15.5 million	13.4 million	Increase 15.4	Increase 3.5
Europe
In 2019, there were 744.3 million international tourist arrivals to Europe, an increase of 3.9% over 2017. In 2019, the top ten destinations were:

Rank	Destination	International
tourist
arrivals
(2019)	International
tourist
arrivals
(2018)	Change
(2018 to
2019)
(%)	Change
(2017 to
2018)
(%)
1	 France	–	89.4 million	-	Increase 2.9
2	 Spain	83.7 million	82.8 million	Increase 1.1	Increase 1.1
3	 Italy	64.5 million	61.6 million	Increase 4.8	Increase 5.7
4	 Turkey	51.2 million	45.8 million	Increase 11.9	Increase 21.7
5	 Germany	39.6 million	38.9 million	Increase 1.8	Increase 3.8
6	 United Kingdom	39.4 million	38.7 million	Increase 1.9	Decrease 2.2
7	 Austria	31.9 million	30.8 million	Increase 3.5	Increase 4.6
8	 Greece	31.3 million	30.1 million	Increase 4.1	Increase 10.8
9	 Portugal	24.6 million	22.8 million	Increase 7.9	Increase 7.5
10	 Russia	24.4 million	24.6 million	Decrease 0.5	Increase 0.7
Middle East
In 2019, there were 61.4 million international tourist arrivals to the Middle East (excluding Iran and Israel), an increase of 2.1% over 2018. In 2019, the top ten destinations were:

Rank	Destination	International
tourist
arrivals
(2019)	International
tourist
arrivals
(2018)	Change
(2018 to
2019)
(%)	Change
(2017 to
2018)
(%)
1	 Saudi Arabia	17.5 million	15.5 million	Increase 13.0	Decrease 3.7
2	 United Arab Emirates	16.7 million	15.9 million	Increase 5.1	Increase 0.8
3	 Egypt	13.0 million	11.3 million	Increase 14.8	Increase 36.8
4	 Iran	9.1 million	7.3 million	Increase 24.4	Increase 49.9
5	 Israel	4.6 million	4.1 million	Increase 10.5	Increase 14.1
6	 Jordan	4.5 million	4.2 million	Increase 8.1	Increase 8.0
7	 Bahrain	3.8 million	4.4 million	Decrease 11.8	Decrease 0.2
8	 Oman	2.5 million	2.3 million	Increase 8.6	Decrease 0.6
9	 Qatar	2.1 million	1.8 million	Increase 17.4	Decrease 19.4
10	 Lebanon	1.9 million	2.0 million	Decrease 1.4	Increase 5.8
Note: Iran is classified as part of "South Asia" in the UNWTO.
Israel is classified as part of "Southern/Medit.Europe" in the UNWTO.

Egypt - 13.0 million
Morocco - 12.9 million
South Africa - 10.2 million
Tunisia - 9.4 million
Algeria - 2.4 million
Zimbabwe - 2.3 million
Mozambique - 2.0 million
Ivory Coast - –
Kenya - –
Botswana - –


Instruction: 어떤 악기가 현악기인지 타악기인지 식별: 쿤두, 카보시

Response: 카보시는 현악기, 쿤두는 타악기

Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kundu, Kabosy


Instruction: 킴 카다시안의 형제자매는 누구입니까?

Context: 킴벌리 노엘 카다시안은 1980년 10월 21일 캘리포니아주 로스앤젤레스에서 로버트와 크리스 카다시안(네 허튼) 사이에서 태어났다. 그녀는 언니인 코트니, 여동생인 클로에, 그리고 남동생인 롭이 있다. 그들의 어머니는 네덜란드, 영국, 아일랜드, 스코틀랜드 혈통인 반면, 그들의 아버지는 아르메니아계 미국인 3세였다. 1991년, 그들의 부모는 이혼했고, 그들의 어머니는 1976년 하계 올림픽 10종 경기 우승자인 브루스 제너와 결혼했다. 어머니의 재혼으로 김 카다시안은 의붓형제 버튼 '버트', 브랜든, 브로디를 인수했고, 이복동생 케이시, 이후 두 명의 이복자매 켄달과 카일리 제너를 인수했다.

Response: 킴 카다시안에게는 여섯 명의 형제자매가 있다. Kourtney, Khloe, 그리고 Rob Kardashian은 그녀의 완전한 생물학적 형제자매이다. 버튼, 브랜든, 브로디, 케이시 제너는 그녀의 네 명의 의붓형제이다. 켄달과 카일리 제너는 그녀의 두 이복 자매이다.

Kimberly Noel Kardashian was born on October 21, 1980, in Los Angeles, California, to Robert and Kris Kardashian (née Houghton). She has an older sister, Kourtney, a younger sister, Khloé, and a younger brother, Rob. Their mother is of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry, while their father was a third-generation Armenian-American. In 1991, their parents divorced and their mother married Bruce Jenner, the 1976 Summer Olympics decathlon winner. As a result of her mother's remarriage, Kim Kardashian acquired step-brothers Burton "Burt", Brandon, and Brody; a step-sister, Casey; and later two half-sisters, Kendall and Kylie Jenner.

Kim Kardashian has six siblings. Kourtney, Khloe, and Rob Kardashian are her three fully biological siblings. Burton, Brandon, Brody, and Casey Jenner are her four step-siblings. Kendall and Kylie Jenner are her two half-sisters.


Instruction: 가톨릭 신자들은 무엇을 믿는가?

Response:
"신앙의 직업은 하나님으로부터 시작되며, 하나님은 모든 일의 시작과 끝입니다. 크레도는 하나님으로부터 시작되며, 하나님은 가장 성스러운 삼위일체의 첫 번째 신성한 사람이며, 우리의 신조는 하늘과 땅의 창조로부터 시작되며, 창조는 모든 하나님의 일의 시작과 기초입니다."

198번 가톨릭교회의 성당

가톨릭 신앙은 신앙 또는 신조라는 직업에서 간결하게 표현된다:

니세크리드
난 하나님을 믿어
전능하신 아버지
천지의 창조자, 눈에 보이고 보이지 않는 모든 것의 창조자.

나는 모든 나이 이전에 아버지로부터 태어난 하나님의 유일한 자인 하나님 주 예수 그리스도를 믿는다. 하나님으로부터의 하나님, 빛으로부터의 빛으로부터의 하나님, 진정한 하나님으로부터의 진정한 하나님, 태어나지 않고, 아버지와 상존하며, 그를 통해 모든 것이 만들어졌다. 우리 남자들과 우리의 구원을 위해 그는 하늘에서 내려왔고 성령에 의해 성모 마리아의 화신이 되었고, 사람이 되었다. 우리를 위해 그는 폰티우스 빌라도 밑에서 십자가에 못 박혀 죽음을 당하여 묻혔고, 성경에 따라 사흘째에 다시 일어섰다. 그는 하늘로 올라가서 아버지의 오른손에 앉았다. 그는 살아 있는 자와 죽은 자를 심판하기 위해 다시 영광스럽게 올 것이고 그의 왕국은 끝이 없을 것이다.

성령, 주, 생명의 주인을 믿으며, 성부와 성자로부터 진행되며, 성부와 성자와 함께 찬양되고 미화되며, 예언자들을 통해 말씀하셨다.

나는 하나, 신성, 가톨릭, 사도 교회를 믿는다. 나는 죄의 용서를 위해 한 번의 세례를 고백하며 죽은 자의 부활과 세상의 삶이 오기를 고대한다. 아멘

"Our profession of faith begins with God, for God is the First and the Last, the beginning and the end of everything. The Credo begins with God the Father, for the Father is the first divine person of the Most Holy Trinity; our Creed begins with the creation of heaven and earth, for creation is the beginning and the foundation of all God's works."

---the Catechism of the Catholic Church, no. 198

Catholic belief is succinctly expressed in the profession of faith or credo called the Nicene Creed:

The Nicene Creed
I believe in one God,
the Father almighty,
maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible.

I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Only Begotten Son of God, born of the Father before all ages. God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father; through him all things were made. For us men and for our salvation he came down from heaven, and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary, and became man. For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate, he suffered death and was buried, and rose again on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures. He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead and his kingdom will have no end.

I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son, who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified, who has spoken through the prophets.

I believe in one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church. I confess one Baptism for the forgiveness of sins and I look forward to the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come. Amen.


Instruction: 미레픽이 뭐야?

Response: 미레포이는 프랑스 요리에 뿌리를 두고 있지만 많은 요리에 널리 사용됩니다. 동량의 소량, 다진 당근, 양파, 셀러리로 구성되어 있습니다. 국물 만들기에 자주 사용되는 미레포이는 다른 맛을 향상시키면서 풍미를 더하는 기본 성분으로 사용됩니다.

A mirepoix is rooted in French cooking but used widely across many cuisines.  It consists of equal amounts of small, diced carrots, onions, and celery.  A mirepoix if often used in soup making as a fundamental component that adds flavor while enhances other flavors.


Instruction: 다음 클라우드 기반 서비스 각각을 AWS, Azure 또는 GCP: Redshift, Big Query, Lambda, Purview, Looker로 분류합니다.

Response: Redshift - AWS, Big Query - GCP, Lambda - AWS, Purview - Azure, Looker - GCP

Classify each of the following cloud-based service as either AWS, Azure, or GCP: Redshift, Big Query, Lambda, Purview, Looker.

Redshift - AWS, Big Query - GCP, Lambda - AWS, Purview - Azure, Looker - GCP


Instruction: 훌라칸차가 뭐죠?

Context: 후알라칸차 또는 후알라칸차(케추아 왈라 산맥, 칸차 인클로저, 밀폐된 장소, 마당, 프레임 또는 벽을 둘러싸고 있는 것)는 약 5,500미터(18,045피트) 높이의 페루 안데스 파리아카카 산맥에 있는 산이다. 수투칸차 지역과 야울리 지역의 경계에 있는 야울리 주닌 지역에 있다. 후알라칸차는 산 카르와추쿠의 남동쪽, 산 우후 카타의 서쪽, 산 와일라칸차의 북쪽에 있다.

Response: 훌라칸차는 페루 안데스 산맥에 있는 약 18,045피트 높이의 산이다.

Huallacancha or Huallacanecha (possibly from Quechua walla mountain range, kancha enclosure, enclosed place, yard, a frame, or wall that encloses) is a mountain in the Pariacaca mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,500 metres (18,045 ft) high. It is situated in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, on the border of the districts Suitucancha and Yauli. Huallacancha lies south-east of the mountain Qarwachuku, west of the mountain Ukhu Qhata and north of the mountain Wayllakancha.

Huallacancha is a mountain in the Andes of Peru that is approximately 18,045 ft high.


Instruction: 사우나는 어떻게 혜택을 받을 수 있나요?

Response: 사우나는 몸과 마음 모두를 위한 치료법의 한 종류입니다. 그것은 당신의 몸의 염증을 줄이고, 당신의 몸에 독소를 공급하고, 심장 건강에 좋으며, 알레르기를 줄이고, 몇 가지 예를 들자면 수면에 도움을 줍니다. 나무 타기, 열 바위, 전기 헤더와 같은 다양한 사우나 유형은 사우나 방을 150F에서 195F 범위의 다양한 온도로 데울 수 있습니다. 어느 하나를 선택할 수 있는 것은 얼마나 견딜 수 있는지 여부에 달려 있습니다.

Sauna is a type of therapeutic therapy for both the body and the mind. It reduces inflammation in your body, it rids your body of toxins, good for heart health, reduces allergies and helps with sleep to name a few. Different sauna types like wood burning, heat rocks and electric heathers can warm the sauna rooms to different temperatures ranging from 150 F to 195 F. You can choose any one depends on how tolerable you are to heat.


Instruction: 개들은 무엇을 하는 것을 좋아하나요?

Response: 개들은 공을 쫓는 것을 좋아한다. 그들은 또한 다람쥐와 같은 작은 동물들을 쫓는 것을 좋아합니다. 종류에 따라 무릎 위에서 자는 것과 같은 다른 관심이 있을 수 있습니다. 어떤 개들은 고양이를 물고 싸운다.

Dogs like to chase balls. They also like to chase small animals like squirrels. Depending on the breed, they may have other interests like sleeping on your lap. Some dogs bite and fight with cats.


Instruction: 미네소타 교육 컴퓨팅 컨소시엄(MECC)은 누가 설립했나요?

Response: 미네소타 주의회는 1971년에 MECC를 설립했다.

Who founded the Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium (MECC)?

The Minnesota Legislature founded MECC in 1971.


Instruction: 새로운 직업을 준비하는 방법에는 어떤 것들이 있나요?

Response:
새로운 진로를 준비하는 방법에는 여러 가지가 있으며, 출발점과 목표에 따라 달라지는 경우가 많다. 즉, 새로운 진로를 준비하는 데 도움이 될 수 있는 일반적인 관행들이 많이 있다.

1. 연구 - 새로운 경력이나 경력에 대해 할 수 있는 한 많이 배우다
2. 계획 만들기 - 지금부터 새 경력까지의 경로를 구성할 수 있는 단계를 만듭니다.
3. 인터뷰 - 해당 경력에 있는 전문가에게 찾아 연락하여 조언을 요청
4. 작업 게시물 - 경력에 대 한 작업 게시물을 검색 하 고 경력에 대 한 요구 사항을 기록 합니다. 진로를 이해하기 위해 진입 단계, 중간 단계 및 고위 역할을 살펴보세요.
5. 교육 - 일부 경력에 대해 관련 학위, 인증, 인증 또는 단순히 경력에 대한 대화적 이해를 갖는 것이 도움이 될 수 있음
6. 경험 - 경력과 관련된 경험을 하는 것이 종종 도움이 된다. 먼저, 자신의 경험과 잠재적인 고용 관리자가 관심을 가질 수 있는 방법에 대해 생각해 보세요. 필요한 경우 다음 직업 탐색에 도움이 되는 직업에 가까워지는 단계로 수행할 수 있는 모든 직업에 대해 생각해 보십시오.
7. 네트워크 - 연락처에게 해당 분야에서 잠재적인 기회에 대해 이야기하거나 추가 조언을 수집할 수 있는 해당 직업에 고용할 사람을 알고 있는지 물어봅니다.

What are some ways to prepare for a new career?

There are many ways to prepare for a new career and it often depends on your starting point and your goal.  That said, there are many general practices that can help to prepare for a new career:

1. Research - learn as much as you can about the new career or careers
2. Create a plan - create steps to help you organize your path from now to your new career
3. Interview - find and reach out to professionals who are in that career and ask them for advice
4. Job Postings - look up job postings for the career and note the requirements for the career.  Look at entry level, mid-level and senior roles to get an understanding of the career path
5. Education - for some careers it may be helpful to have a related degree, accreditation, certification or simply a conversational understanding of the career
6. Experience - it is often helpful to have related experience to a career.  First, think about your own experiences and how they could be of interest to potential hiring managers.  If required, next think about any jobs you could take on as a step to getting closer to that career that would help in your next career search
7. Network - ask your contacts if they know of anyone looking to hire in that career that you could talk to about potential opportunities in the field or gather additional advice


Instruction: 미국 의회는 무엇인가?

Response:
미국 의회는 미국 연방 정부의 입법부이다. 양원제로 하원인 하원과 상원인 상원으로 구성되어 있다. 워싱턴 D.C.의 미국 의사당에서 만나 상원의원과 대표들은 직접 선거를 통해 선출되지만, 상원의 공석은 주지사의 임명으로 채워질 수 있다. 의회는 535명의 투표 위원들을 가지고 있다: 100명의 상원의원과 435명의 의원들. 미국 부통령은 상원의원이 고르게 나뉘어야 상원에서 표결을 한다. 하원은 6명의 비투표 위원을 두고 있다.

의회 의회는 현재 2년 임기로 격년으로 1월에 시작한다. 선거는 선거일에 매 짝수 해에 열린다. 하원의원들은 2년 임기의 의원으로 선출된다. 1929년 재포고법은 435명의 의원이 있다고 규정하였고, 통일 의회 재정비법은 소선거구 또는 선거구에서 선출하도록 규정하고 있다. 또한 각 주에 최소 한 명의 의회 대표가 있는 경우 미국 개체군 조사 결과를 사용하여 10년마다 인구별로 의회 지구를 주별로 할당해야 한다. 각 상원의원은 임기 6년 동안 주내에서 대규모로 선출되며, 임기는 엇갈리기 때문에 2년마다 상원의 약 3분의 1이 선출될 것이다. 각 주에는 인구나 규모에 관계없이 상원의원이 2명이나 있어 현재 50개 주에는 100명의 상원의원이 있다.

The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. Senators and representatives are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a governor's appointment. Congress has 535 voting members: 100 senators and 435 representatives. The U.S. vice president has a vote in the Senate only when senators are evenly divided. The House of Representatives has six non-voting members.

The sitting of a Congress is for a two-year term, at present, beginning every other January. Elections are held every even-numbered year on Election Day. The members of the House of Representatives are elected for the two-year term of a Congress. The Reapportionment Act of 1929 established that there be 435 representatives, and the Uniform Congressional Redistricting Act requires that they be elected from single-member constituencies or districts. It is also required that the congressional districts be apportioned among states by population every ten years using the U.S. census results, provided that each state has at least one congressional representative. Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term, with terms staggered, so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election. Each state, regardless of population or size, has two senators, so currently, there are 100 senators for the 50 states.


Instruction: 제가 먹어봐야 할 인기 있는 데킬라 음료는 무엇인가요?

Response: 파올로 말디니, 테킬라 선라이즈, 딸기 바질 할라피뇨 마르가리타, 팔로마, 목장 물

What are some popular tequila drinks that I should try?

Paolo Maldini, Tequila Sunrise, Strawberry Basil Jalapeño Margarita , The Paloma, Ranch Water


Instruction: 레슬리 휴버트 홀든이 누구죠?

Context: 레슬리 휴버트 홀든, MC, AFC (1895년 3월 6일 – 1932년 9월 18일)는 제1차 세계대전의 호주 전투기 에이스였고 나중에 상업 비행사였다. 남호주인 그는 1915년 5월 이집트와 프랑스에서 복무하면서 라이트 호스에 합류했다. 1916년 12월, 그는 호주 비행단에 자원했고 조종사 자격을 얻었습니다. 그는 서부전선 제2군단 소속으로 총알이 가득 찬 항공기에서 기지로 절뚝거리는 것을 목격한 사건이 잇따르자 연탄 '럭키 레스'와 '귀환 비둘기'를 얻었다. 그는 밀리터리 크로스를 수상했고 에어코 DH.5s와 로열 항공기 공장 S.E.5s를 비행하며 5번의 공중 승리를 달성했다.

Response: 레슬리 휴버트 홀든은 제1차 세계대전 당시 이집트와 프랑스에서 복무했던 호주 파이터 에이스였다.

Leslie Hubert Holden, MC, AFC (6 March 1895 – 18 September 1932) was an Australian fighter ace of World War I and later a commercial aviator. A South Australian, he joined the Light Horse in May 1915, serving in Egypt and France. In December 1916, he volunteered for the Australian Flying Corps and qualified as a pilot. As a member of No. 2 Squadron on the Western Front, he gained the sobriquets "Lucky Les" and "the homing pigeon" after a series of incidents that saw him limping back to base in bullet-riddled aircraft. He was awarded the Military Cross, and went on to achieve five aerial victories flying Airco DH.5s and Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5s.

Leslie Hubert Holden was an Australian fighter ace who served in Egypt and France during World War I.


Instruction: 다음 대목에서 어떤 세금/행위가 미국 혁명으로 이어졌는가?

Context:
1764-1766 : 부과 및 인출된 세금
주요 기사: 설탕법, 화폐법, 분기법, 우표법 1765, 선언법
추가 정보: 대표 및 가상 대표 없이 과세 없음

식민지 신문에서 1765년 우표법 고시
1764년 의회는 설탕과 당밀에 대한 기존 관세를 줄이면서도 더 엄격한 집행 및 징수 조치를 제공하는 설탕법을 통과시켰다. 같은 해 조지 그렌빌 총리는 세입 증대를 위해 식민지에 직접 세금을 부과할 것을 제안했지만, 그는 식민지가 스스로 세입 증대를 위한 어떤 방법을 제안할 것인지를 보기 위해 조치를 연기했다.

그렌빌은 1762년에 미국의 세관 주택의 전체 수익이 1년에 1~2천 파운드에 달하고 영국 재무부가 징수하기 위해 연간 7~8천 파운드를 지불하고 있다고 주장했다. 아담 스미스는 국부에 "의회는 지금까지 (미국 식민지에) 어떤 것도 요구하지 않았다"고 썼다. 심지어는 그들의 동료 신하가 집에서 지불한 것에 비례하는 수준에 접근하기까지 했다." 벤자민 프랭클린은 나중에 1766년 의회에서 반대 증언을 하면서 미국인들이 이미 제국의 방어에 크게 기여했다고 보도할 것이다. 그는 지역 식민지 정부가 프랑스와 인도 전쟁에서만 프랑스와 싸우기 위해 25,000명의 병사(영국 자체만큼)를 기르고, 장비를 갖추고, 돈을 지불했으며, 그렇게 하는 미국 국채로부터 수백만 달러를 썼다고 주장했다.

의회는 마침내 1765년 3월 식민지에 처음으로 직접세를 부과한 우표법을 통과시켰다. 모든 공식 문서, 신문, 연감, 팜플렛에는 카드놀이의 갑판까지 우표가 있어야 했다. 식민지 주민들은 세금이 높다는 것에 반대하지 않았다; 그들은 실제로 낮았다. 그들은 의회에 대한 대표성 부족에 반대했고, 이는 그들에게 영향을 미친 입법과 관련하여 아무런 목소리를 내지 않았다. 그러나 영국인들은 완전히 다른 문제에 반응하고 있었다: 최근 전쟁이 끝날 때 왕실은 정치적으로 잘 연결된 약 1,500명의 영국 육군 장교들을 다루어야 했다. 전액 급여로 현역으로 유지하기로 결정했지만, 그들과 그들의 명령은 어딘가에 주둔해야 했다. 평시에 영국에 상비군을 주둔시키는 것은 정치적으로 용납될 수 없는 일이었기 때문에, 그들은 그들을 미국에 주둔시키고 미국인들에게 새로운 세금을 지불하게 하기로 결심했다. 그러나 군인들은 군사 임무가 없었다; 그들은 식민지에 대한 현재의 위협이 없었기 때문에 식민지를 방어하기 위해 그곳에 없었다.

자유의 아들들은 1765년 법 직후에 형성되었으며, 영국 세법이 시행될 수 없도록 하기 위해 공개 시위, 보이콧, 폭력 위협을 사용했다. 보스턴에서는 자유의 아들들이 부감법정의 기록을 불태우고 토마스 허친슨 대법원장의 집을 약탈했다. 몇몇 입법부는 연합 행동을 요구했고, 9개 식민지는 10월에 뉴욕시의 우표법 의회에 대표단을 보냈다. 존 디킨슨이 이끄는 중도파들은 대표 없이 통과된 세금이 영국인으로서의 권리를 침해한다는 내용의 권리와 고충선언문을 작성했고, 식민지 주민들은 영국 상품 수입을 보이콧하며 각오를 강조했다.

웨스트민스터 의회는 스스로를 제국 전체의 최고 법률 제정 권한으로 간주하여 식민지 승인이나 협의 없이 세금을 부과할 수 있다. 이들은 식민지가 합법적으로 영국 의회에 종속된 영국 법인이라고 주장하면서 과거 의회가 식민지에 구속력을 갖는 법을 만든 수많은 사례를 지적했다. 영국 인구의 소수만이 국회의원을 선출했기 때문에 의회는 식민지 개척자들이 대부분의 영국인들이 그랬던 것처럼 사실상 "가상 대표"를 누렸다고 주장했다. 그러나 제임스 오티스 같은 미국인들은 어떤 식민지 선거구에 대해 특별히 책임이 있는 사람이 의회에 없기 때문에 의회의 어느 누구에게도 "사실상 대표"되지 않았다고 주장했다.

로킹엄 정부는 1765년 7월 집권했고, 의회는 인지세를 폐지할 것인지 아니면 군대를 파견하여 강제할 것인지를 논의했다. 벤자민 프랭클린은 식민지가 프랑스와 원주민에 대한 일련의 전쟁에서 제국을 옹호하는 인력, 돈, 피에 많은 돈을 썼고, 그 전쟁에 대한 추가 세금은 부당했고 반란을 일으킬 수 있다고 설명하면서 폐지를 주장했다. 의회는 1766년 2월 21일 세금에 동의하고 폐지했지만, 그들은 1766년 3월 선언법에서 식민지를 위한 법률을 "모든 경우에" 만들 수 있는 완전한 권한을 유지한다고 주장했다. 그럼에도 불구하고 폐지는 식민지에서 광범위한 축하를 야기했다.

1767-1773: 타운셴드법과 차법
주요 기사: 타운셴드법과 차법
추가 정보: 1772년, 매사추세츠 순환편지, 보스턴 대학살, 보스턴 티 파티

1767년 12월 펜실베이니아 크로니클에 실린 펜실베이니아 농부의 존 디킨슨 편지 3장
1767년 의회는 종이, 유리, 차를 포함한 여러 주요 상품에 관세를 부과하는 타운셴드법을 통과시켰고 무역 규정을 보다 엄격하게 집행하기 위해 보스턴에 세관 위원회를 설립했다. 새로운 세금은 미국인들이 관례와 같은 외부 조세가 아니라 내부 조세에만 반대한다는 믿음으로 제정되었다. 그러나 널리 읽혀진 펜실베니아의 농부 편지 팜플렛에서 존 디킨슨은 그들의 목적이 수입을 늘리고 무역을 규제하지 않는 것이었기 때문에 이 법의 합헌성에 반대했다. 식민주의자들은 영국 상품에 대한 새로운 보이콧을 조직함으로써 세금에 대응했다. 그러나 이러한 보이콧은 타운셴드 법에 의해 과세되는 상품이 널리 사용되었기 때문에 덜 효과적이었다.

1768년 2월, 매사추세츠 만 의회는 다른 식민지에 저항을 조정할 것을 촉구하는 순환 서한을 발행했다. 주지사는 그 편지의 해제를 거부하자 의회를 해산시켰다. 한편, 1768년 6월 보스턴에서 밀수혐의로 존 행콕이 소유한 슬루프 리버티를 압류한 것에 대한 폭동이 일어났다. 세관 관계자들은 어쩔 수 없이 도망쳐야 했고, 영국인들은 보스턴에 병력을 배치해야 했다. 보스턴 타운 회의는 의회 법률로 인한 복종은 없다고 선언하고 전당대회 소집을 요구했다. 회의가 소집되었지만 해산하기 전에 가벼운 항의만 했다. 1769년 1월 의회는 영국 내에서 반역죄로 재판을 받을 수 있도록 영역 밖의 대상에게 요구하는 반역법 1543을 다시 활성화하여 불안에 대응했다. 매사추세츠 주지사는 반역의 증거를 수집하라는 지시를 받았고, 그 위협은 실행되지는 않았지만 광범위한 분노를 일으켰다.

1770년 3월 5일, 많은 군중이 보스턴 거리에 있는 영국 군인들 주위에 모였다. 군중은 눈덩이와 바위, 잔해 등을 그들에게 던지며 위협적으로 성장했다. 한 병사가 곤봉에 걸려 넘어졌다. 사격 명령은 없었지만 군인들은 당황하여 군중을 향해 발포했다. 그들은 11명을 때렸고, 총격 현장에서 민간인 3명이 부상으로 사망했고, 사건 직후 2명이 사망했다. 그 사건은 순식간에 보스턴 대학살이라고 불리게 되었다. 그 군인들은 재판을 받고 무죄를 선고받았지만(존 아담스에 의해 옹호됨), 널리 퍼진 묘사들은 곧 영국인에 대한 식민지 정서를 뒤집기 시작했다. 이것은 영국과 매사추세츠 주 사이의 관계에서 하강 소용돌이를 가속화했다.

1770년 북경하의 새로운 부처가 집권했고, 의회는 차세를 제외한 모든 세금을 철회하여 과세권을 유지하면서 세수를 늘리기 위한 노력을 포기했다. 이로 인해 일시적으로 위기가 해소되었고, 사무엘 아담스와 같은 보다 급진적인 애국자들만이 계속 선동하는 등 영국 상품에 대한 불매운동이 대부분 중단되었다. [인용 필요]

1772년 6월 9일, 자유의 아들들은 나라간셋 만에서 영국 세관 순찰차인 HMS 가스피를 태웠다.
1772년 6월, 존 브라운을 포함한 미국 애국자들은 가스피 사건으로 알려진 비인기 무역 규제를 강력하게 시행해 온 영국 군함을 불태웠다. 그 사건은 반역죄로 조사되었지만 아무런 조치도 취해지지 않았다.

1772년, 크라운은 지방 당국에 의해 지불되었던 매사추세츠의 주지사와 판사들에게 고정 급여를 지불할 의도였다는 것이 알려지게 되었다. 이것은 식민지 대표들이 그들의 정부에 미치는 영향을 줄일 것이다. 보스턴의 사무엘 아담스는 13개 식민지의 애국자들을 연결하고 결국 반군 정부를 위한 틀을 제공하는 새로운 대응 위원회를 만드는 것을 시작했다. 가장 큰 식민지였던 버지니아는 1773년 초에 패트릭 헨리와 토마스 제퍼슨이 복무했던 특파 위원회를 설립했다.

총 약 7,000~8,000명의 애국자가 식민지 및 지역 수준에서 대응 위원회에서 복무했으며, 이는 지역 사회의 대부분의 지도부로 구성된다. 충성가는 제외되었다. 위원회는 영국의 행동에 대한 미국의 저항의 지도자가 되었고, 나중에 주로 국가와 지역 수준에서 전쟁 노력을 결정했다. 제1차 대륙 의회가 영국산 제품을 보이콧하기로 결정하자 식민지 및 지방 위원회가 담당하여 상인 기록을 검토하고 영국산 제품을 수입하여 보이콧을 거부하려는 상인들의 이름을 공표하였다.

1773년 토마스 허친슨 매사추세츠 주지사가 식민지 개척자들이 모든 영국의 자유를 누릴 수 없다고 주장하며 앤드루 올리버 부지사가 식민지 관리들의 직불금을 요구하는 사서가 발간되었다. 그 편지들의 내용은 미국의 권리에 대한 체계적인 음모의 증거로 사용되었고, 국민들의 눈에는 허친슨의 신빙성을 떨어뜨렸다; 식민지 의회는 그의 회수를 청원했다. 식민지 우체국장 벤자민 프랭클린은 그가 편지를 유출한 것을 인정했고, 그로 인해 영국 관리들로부터 비난을 받고 그의 직책에서 물러났다.

1773년 12월 16일, 사무엘 애덤스와 자유의 아들들이 이끄는 보스턴 차 파티는 미국의 애국적인 전설의 주역이 되었다.
한편, 의회는 영국 동인도 회사가 비과세 네덜란드 차를 밀반입하는 것을 돕기 위해 식민지에 수출되는 세차 가격을 낮추는 차법을 통과시켰다. 식민지 상인들을 우회하기 위해 차를 팔기 위해 특별 위탁자들이 임명되었다. 이 법은 세금에 저항하는 사람들과 사업을 잃게 되는 밀수업자들에 의해 반대되었다. 대부분의 경우, 수하인들은 미국인들에게 사임을 강요받았고 차는 돌려받았지만, 매사추세츠주 허친슨 주지사는 보스턴 상인들이 압력에 굴복하는 것을 허용하지 않았습니다. 보스턴의 한 마을 회의는 차가 착륙하지 않을 것이라고 결정했고, 분산하라는 주지사의 요구를 무시했다. 1773년 12월 16일 사무엘 아담스가 이끌고 원주민의 모습을 환기하기 위해 옷을 입은 한 무리의 남성들은 동인도 회사의 선박에 탑승하여 1만 파운드 상당의 차를 보유지(2008년 약 63만 6천 파운드)에서 보스턴 항구에 버렸다. 수십 년 후, 이 행사는 보스턴 티 파티로 알려졌고 미국의 애국적인 전설의 중요한 부분으로 남아 있다.

1774-1775: 참을 수 없는 행위
주요 기사: 참을 수 없는 행위
추가 정보: 퀘벡법 및 대륙 협회

런던 매거진의 1774년 에칭은 보스턴 항구법의 저자인 노스 경의 총리를 묘사하여 맨스필드 대법관에 의해 팔이 제지된 미국의 목구멍으로 참을 수 없는 법들을 강요하고 그녀 옆의 땅을 짓밟은 "보스턴 청원서"를 그린다. 샌드위치 경은 그녀의 발을 움켜쥐고, 동료들은 그녀의 가운을 입는다; 그들 뒤에, 어머니와 브리태니아는 프랑스와 스페인이 보는 동안 눈물을 흘린다.
영국 정부는 참을 수 없는 행위로 알려지게 된 몇 가지 조치를 통과시켜 영국을 향한 식민지적 여론을 더욱 어둡게 만들었다. 이들은 영국 의회가 제정한 4개의 법률로 구성되었다. 첫 번째는 매사추세츠 헌장을 변경하고 마을 회의를 제한한 매사추세츠 정부법이었다. 두 번째 법은 모든 영국 군인들을 식민지가 아닌 영국에서 기소하도록 명령한 사법행정법이었다. 제3법은 보스턴 항구법으로서 보스턴 티파티에서 손실된 차에 대해 영국이 보상받을 때까지 보스턴 항구를 폐쇄하였다. 네 번째 법은 1774년 분기법으로 왕실 주지사가 소유자의 허가를 요구하지 않고 영국군을 시민의 집에 수용할 수 있도록 했다.

이에 대해 매사추세츠주 애국자들은 서포크 리졸브스를 발행하고 영국 점령 보스턴 외곽에서 민병대 훈련을 시작한 주 의회라는 대안적인 그림자 정부를 구성했습니다. 1774년 9월 각 식민지의 대표로 구성된 제1차 대륙 총회가 소집되어 심의와 집단 행동의 수단이 되었다. 비공개 토론에서 보수 성향의 조지프 갤러웨이는 영국 의회의 행위를 승인하거나 불승인할 수 있는 식민지 의회 창설을 제안했으나 그의 아이디어는 6대 5로 표결에 부쳐졌고 이후 기록에서 삭제됐다. 의회는 1774년 12월 1일부터 모든 영국 물품에 대한 보이콧을 요구했다. 그것은 의회의 승인을 받은 새로운 지역 위원회에 의해 시행되었다.

Response:
영국 의회가 통과시킨 다음과 같은 법률은 미국 혁명으로 이어졌다.
1) 1764년 설탕법은 설탕세에 대한 더 엄격한 집행 및 징수 조치를 제공했다.
2) 1765년 우표법은 공문서, 신문, 연감, 팜플렛, 카드놀이 등에 직접세를 부과하였다.
3) 1766년 선언법은 영국 의회가 미국 식민지에 대한 완전한 과세 권한을 보유한다고 선언했다.
4) 1767년 타운셴드 법은 종이, 유리, 차와 같은 상품에 관세를 추가했다.
5) 1773년 차법은 영국 동인도 회사에 이익을 주기 위해 차에 대한 세금을 낮추었다.
6) 1774년 소위 참을 수 없는 법률은 미국의 식민지에 대한 영국의 주권을 증가시키는 4개의 법률로 구성되었다. 이러한 법에는 영국의 도시 회의 제한, 미국 식민지에서 범한 범죄에 대한 영국 군인 시도, 보스턴 항구 폐쇄, 시민의 집에 영국 군대의 거주를 요구할 수 있는 권리가 포함된다.

From the following passage, which taxes/acts led to the American Revolution?

1764–1766: Taxes imposed and withdrawn
Main articles: Sugar Act, Currency Act, Quartering Acts, Stamp Act 1765, and Declaratory Act
Further information: No taxation without representation and Virtual representation

Notice of the Stamp Act 1765 in a colonial newspaper
In 1764 Parliament passed the Sugar Act, decreasing the existing customs duties on sugar and molasses but providing stricter measures of enforcement and collection. That same year, Prime Minister George Grenville proposed direct taxes on the colonies to raise revenue, but he delayed action to see whether the colonies would propose some way to raise the revenue themselves.

Grenville had asserted in 1762 that the whole revenue of the custom houses in America amounted to one or two thousand pounds sterling a year, and that the English exchequer was paying between seven and eight thousand pounds a year to collect. Adam Smith wrote in The Wealth of Nations that Parliament "has never hitherto demanded of [the American colonies] anything which even approached to a just proportion to what was paid by their fellow subjects at home." Benjamin Franklin would later testify in Parliament in 1766 to the contrary, reporting that Americans already contributed heavily to the defense of the Empire. He argued that local colonial governments had raised, outfitted, and paid 25,000 soldiers to fight France in just the French and Indian War alone—as many as Britain itself sent—and spent many millions from American treasuries doing so.

Parliament finally passed the Stamp Act in March 1765, which imposed direct taxes on the colonies for the first time. All official documents, newspapers, almanacs, and pamphlets were required to have the stamps—even decks of playing cards. The colonists did not object that the taxes were high; they were actually low. They objected to their lack of representation in the Parliament, which gave them no voice concerning legislation that affected them. The British were, however, reacting to an entirely different issue: at the conclusion of the recent war the Crown had to deal with approximately 1,500 politically well-connected British Army officers. The decision was made to keep them on active duty with full pay, but they—and their commands—also had to be stationed somewhere. Stationing a standing army in Great Britain during peacetime was politically unacceptable, so they determined to station them in America and have the Americans pay them through the new tax. The soldiers had no military mission however; they were not there to defend the colonies because there was no current threat to the colonies.

The Sons of Liberty formed shortly after the Act in 1765, and they used public demonstrations, boycotts, and threats of violence to ensure that the British tax laws were unenforceable. In Boston, the Sons of Liberty burned the records of the vice admiralty court and looted the home of chief justice Thomas Hutchinson. Several legislatures called for united action, and nine colonies sent delegates to the Stamp Act Congress in New York City in October. Moderates led by John Dickinson drew up a Declaration of Rights and Grievances stating that taxes passed without representation violated their rights as Englishmen, and colonists emphasized their determination by boycotting imports of British merchandise.

The Parliament at Westminster saw itself as the supreme lawmaking authority throughout the Empire and thus entitled to levy any tax without colonial approval or even consultation. They argued that the colonies were legally British corporations subordinate to the British Parliament, and they pointed to numerous instances where Parliament had made laws in the past that were binding on the colonies. Parliament insisted that the colonists effectively enjoyed a "virtual representation", as most British people did, since only a small minority of the British population elected representatives to Parliament. However, Americans such as James Otis maintained that there was no one in Parliament responsible specifically for any colonial constituency, so they were not "virtually represented" by anyone in Parliament at all.

The Rockingham government came to power in July 1765, and Parliament debated whether to repeal the stamp tax or to send an army to enforce it. Benjamin Franklin made the case for repeal, explaining that the colonies had spent heavily in manpower, money, and blood defending the empire in a series of wars against the French and indigenous people, and that further taxes to pay for those wars were unjust and might bring about a rebellion. Parliament agreed and repealed the tax on February 21, 1766, but they insisted in the Declaratory Act of March 1766 that they retained full power to make laws for the colonies "in all cases whatsoever". The repeal nonetheless caused widespread celebrations in the colonies.

1767–1773: Townshend Acts and the Tea Act
Main articles: Townshend Acts and Tea Act
Further information: Crisis of 1772, Massachusetts Circular Letter, Boston Massacre, and Boston Tea Party

Letter III of John Dickinson's Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, published in the Pennsylvania Chronicle, December 1767
In 1767, the Parliament passed the Townshend Acts which placed duties on a number of staple goods, including paper, glass, and tea, and established a Board of Customs in Boston to more rigorously execute trade regulations. The new taxes were enacted on the belief that Americans only objected to internal taxes and not to external taxes such as custom duties. However, in his widely read pamphlet, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, John Dickinson argued against the constitutionality of the acts because their purpose was to raise revenue and not to regulate trade. Colonists responded to the taxes by organizing new boycotts of British goods. These boycotts were less effective, however, as the goods taxed by the Townshend Acts were widely used.

In February 1768, the Assembly of Massachusetts Bay issued a circular letter to the other colonies urging them to coordinate resistance. The governor dissolved the assembly when it refused to rescind the letter. Meanwhile, a riot broke out in Boston in June 1768 over the seizure of the sloop Liberty, owned by John Hancock, for alleged smuggling. Customs officials were forced to flee, prompting the British to deploy troops to Boston. A Boston town meeting declared that no obedience was due to parliamentary laws and called for the convening of a convention. A convention assembled but only issued a mild protest before dissolving itself. In January 1769, Parliament responded to the unrest by reactivating the Treason Act 1543 which called for subjects outside the realm to face trials for treason in England. The governor of Massachusetts was instructed to collect evidence of said treason, and the threat caused widespread outrage, though it was not carried out.

On March 5, 1770, a large crowd gathered around a group of British soldiers on a Boston street. The crowd grew threatening, throwing snowballs, rocks, and debris at them. One soldier was clubbed and fell. There was no order to fire, but the soldiers panicked and fired into the crowd. They hit 11 people; three civilians died of wounds at the scene of the shooting, and two died shortly after the incident. The event quickly came to be called the Boston Massacre. The soldiers were tried and acquitted (defended by John Adams), but the widespread descriptions soon began to turn colonial sentiment against the British. This accelerated the downward spiral in the relationship between Britain and the Province of Massachusetts.

A new ministry under Lord North came to power in 1770, and Parliament withdrew all taxes except the tax on tea, giving up its efforts to raise revenue while maintaining the right to tax. This temporarily resolved the crisis, and the boycott of British goods largely ceased, with only the more radical patriots such as Samuel Adams continuing to agitate.[citation needed]

On June 9, 1772, the Sons of Liberty burned HMS Gaspee, a British customs schooner in Narragansett Bay.
In June 1772, American patriots, including John Brown, burned a British warship that had been vigorously enforcing unpopular trade regulations, in what became known as the Gaspee Affair. The affair was investigated for possible treason, but no action was taken.

In 1772, it became known that the Crown intended to pay fixed salaries to the governors and judges in Massachusetts, which had been paid by local authorities. This would reduce the influence of colonial representatives over their government. Samuel Adams in Boston set about creating new Committees of Correspondence, which linked Patriots in all 13 colonies and eventually provided the framework for a rebel government. Virginia, the largest colony, set up its Committee of Correspondence in early 1773, on which Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson served.

A total of about 7,000 to 8,000 Patriots served on Committees of Correspondence at the colonial and local levels, comprising most of the leadership in their communities. Loyalists were excluded. The committees became the leaders of the American resistance to British actions, and later largely determined the war effort at the state and local level. When the First Continental Congress decided to boycott British products, the colonial and local Committees took charge, examining merchant records and publishing the names of merchants who attempted to defy the boycott by importing British goods.

In 1773, private letters were published in which Massachusetts Governor Thomas Hutchinson claimed that the colonists could not enjoy all English liberties, and in which Lieutenant Governor Andrew Oliver called for the direct payment of colonial officials. The letters' contents were used as evidence of a systematic plot against American rights, and discredited Hutchinson in the eyes of the people; the colonial Assembly petitioned for his recall. Benjamin Franklin, postmaster general for the colonies, acknowledged that he leaked the letters, which led to him being berated by British officials and removed from his position.

The December 16, 1773 Boston Tea Party, led by Samuel Adams and Sons of Liberty, has become a mainstay of American patriotic lore.
Meanwhile, Parliament passed the Tea Act lowering the price of taxed tea exported to the colonies, to help the British East India Company undersell smuggled untaxed Dutch tea. Special consignees were appointed to sell the tea to bypass colonial merchants. The act was opposed by those who resisted the taxes and also by smugglers who stood to lose business.[citation needed] In most instances, the consignees were forced by the Americans to resign and the tea was turned back, but Massachusetts governor Hutchinson refused to allow Boston merchants to give in to pressure. A town meeting in Boston determined that the tea would not be landed, and ignored a demand from the governor to disperse. On December 16, 1773, a group of men, led by Samuel Adams and dressed to evoke the appearance of indigenous people, boarded the ships of the East India Company and dumped £10,000 worth of tea from their holds (approximately £636,000 in 2008) into Boston Harbor. Decades later, this event became known as the Boston Tea Party and remains a significant part of American patriotic lore.

1774–1775: Intolerable Acts
Main article: Intolerable Acts
Further information: Quebec Act and Continental Association

A 1774 etching from The London Magazine depicts Prime Minister Lord North, author of the Boston Port Act, forcing the Intolerable Acts down the throat of America, whose arms are restrained by Lord Chief Justice Mansfield, and a tattered "Boston Petition" lays trampled on the ground beside her. Lord Sandwich pins down her feet and peers up her robes; behind them, Mother Britannia weeps while France and Spain look on.
The British government responded by passing several measures that came to be known as the Intolerable Acts, further darkening colonial opinion towards England. They consisted of four laws enacted by the British parliament. The first was the Massachusetts Government Act which altered the Massachusetts charter and restricted town meetings. The second act was the Administration of Justice Act which ordered that all British soldiers to be tried were to be arraigned in Britain, not in the colonies. The third Act was the Boston Port Act, which closed the port of Boston until the British had been compensated for the tea lost in the Boston Tea Party. The fourth Act was the Quartering Act of 1774, which allowed royal governors to house British troops in the homes of citizens without requiring permission of the owner.

In response, Massachusetts patriots issued the Suffolk Resolves and formed an alternative shadow government known as the Provincial Congress which began training militia outside British-occupied Boston. In September 1774, the First Continental Congress convened, consisting of representatives from each colony, to serve as a vehicle for deliberation and collective action. During secret debates, conservative Joseph Galloway proposed the creation of a colonial Parliament that would be able to approve or disapprove acts of the British Parliament, but his idea was tabled in a vote of 6 to 5 and was subsequently removed from the record.[citation needed] Congress called for a boycott beginning on December 1, 1774, of all British goods; it was enforced by new local committees authorized by the Congress.

The following Acts passed by the British Parliament led to the American Revolution:
1) The Sugar Act in 1764 provided stricter measures of enforcement and collection for sugar taxes.
2) The Stamp Act in 1765 imposed direct taxes on official documents, newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, and playing cards.
3) The Declaratory Act in 1766 declared the British Parliament retained full taxation powers for the American Colonies.
4) The Townshend Acts in 1767 added duties to goods like paper, glass, and tea.
5) The Tea Act in 1773 lowered the taxes on tea to benefit the British East India Company.
6) The so-called Intolerable Acts in 1774 consisted of 4 laws that increased Britain's sovereignty over the American Colonies.  These laws include the rights of Britain to restrict town meetings, try British soldiers for crimes committed in the American colonies, close the port of Boston, and require housing of British troops in the homes of citizens.


Instruction: 양지바른 계란과 스크램블 계란의 차이점은 무엇인가요?

Response: 양지바른 계란에서는 노른자가 손상되지 않은 반면 스크램블 계란에서는 계란을 휘저어 스크램블한다.

What is the difference between a sunny side up egg and a scrambled egg?

In a sunny side up egg, the yolk is intact, whereas in a scrambled egg, the egg is beaten and scrambled.


Instruction: UVA에 대한 이 단락에 따르면, PAC 방은 무엇입니까?

Context: 학생 생활 건물은 뉴컴 홀이라고 불립니다. 학생단체들이 리더십 컨설팅을 받고 컴퓨팅과 복사 자원을 이용할 수 있는 학생활동센터(SAC)와 미디어활동센터(MAC)는 물론 학생단체들을 위한 여러 회의실이 있다. 학생자치단체인 학생회는 화요일 오후 6시 30분 뉴콤 남측 회의실에서 회의를 개최한다. 학생회, 즉 "스튜드코"도 새로 단장한 뉴콤 프로그램 및 위원회(PAC)실에서 사무실 시간과 정기 위원회 회의를 개최한다. PAC는 또한 대학 프로그램 위원회와 학급 위원회를 수용한다. 뉴컴 지하실은 독립 학생 신문인 The Declaration, The Cavalier Daily, and Consortium of University Publications의 사무실이 모두 있다.

Response: PAC실은 뉴콤 프로그램 및 의회실이며 대학 프로그램 위원회 및 학급 위원회도 수용한다.

According to this paragraph about UVA, what is the PAC room?

The student life building is called Newcomb Hall. It is home to the Student Activities Center (SAC) and the Media Activities Center (MAC), where student groups can get leadership consulting and use computing and copying resources, as well as several meeting rooms for student groups. Student Council, the student self-governing body, holds meetings Tuesdays at 6:30 p.m. in the Newcomb South Meeting Room. Student Council, or "StudCo", also holds office hours and regular committee meetings in the newly renovated Newcomb Programs and Council (PAC) Room. The PAC also houses the University Programs Council and Class Councils. Newcomb basement is home to both the office of the independent student newspaper The Declaration, The Cavalier Daily, and the Consortium of University Publications.

The PAC room is the Newcomb Programs and Council Room, that also houses the University Programs Council and Class Councils.


Instruction: Azure SQL은 무엇에 사용됩니까?

Response: Azure SQL은 데이터 웨어하우징에 사용되는 클라우드 기반 Azure SQL Server Database입니다. 여기에는 데이터 테이블, sql 쿼리, 저장 프로시저, 부여 및 권한이 포함됩니다. SoR(System of Record)에 액세스하고 데이터 파이프라인 또는 Azure SQL API를 사용하여 Azure SQL Server Database로 전달할 수 있습니다. 데이터가 Azure SQL에 도착하면 변경 데이터 캡처(CDC)를 처리하는 방법에 대한 전략을 고려해야 합니다. 대시보드 및 비즈니스 보고를 위해 Azure SQL Database에서 비즈니스에 데이터를 제공할 수 있습니다.

Azure SQL is a cloud based Azure SQL Server Database that is used for data warehousing.  It contains data tables, sql queries, stored procedures, grants and permissions.  System of Record (SoR) can be accessed and flow to the Azure SQL Server Database using a data pipeline or the Azure SQL API.  Once the data lands in Azure SQL you will need to consider a strategy for how to handle change data capture (CDC).  The data can be served to the business from Azure SQL Database for dashboarding and business reporting.


Instruction: 왜 캐나다는 방문하기에 좋은 나라일까요?

Response: 캐나다는 자연 경관과 아이스하키, 예의 바른 사람들, 메이플 시럽과 야생 동물로 유명한 아름다운 나라입니다.

Canada is a beautiful country known for its natural scenery, ice hockey, polite people, maple syrup and wildlife.


Instruction: 자전거 포장과 자전거 투어의 차이점은 무엇인가요?

Response: 자전거 포장 운동은 2010년대에 인기를 얻었습니다. 수십 년 동안 인기를 끌었던 전통적인 자전거 투어에 비해, 자전거 포장업자들은 일반적으로 덜 가볍고 가벼운 장비를 가지고 다닌다. 로드가 가벼워 오프로드를 더 쉽게 탈 수 있습니다. 그러나, 프레임 백과 같은 장비는 종종 전통적인 패니어보다 더 비싸다. 또한, 자전거 포장 설치의 제한된 저장 공간은 훨씬 더 미니멀한 라이프 스타일을 촉진합니다.

What is the difference between bikepacking and bicycle touring?

The bikepacking movement became popular in the 2010s. Compared to traditional bike touring, which has been popular for decades, bikepackers typically carry less and lighter equipment. The lighter load makes it easier to ride off-road. However, the equipment, such as frame bags, is often more expensive than traditional panniers. Furthermore, the limited storage space of bikepacking setups promotes an even more minimalistic lifestyle.


Instruction: 오스틴이 텍사스의 중부 지역에 있다는 점을 고려하면 이 중 동부, 서부, 북부 및 남부에 있다. Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, Fredericksburg, El Paso, Corpas Christi, Galveston, South Padre, Lubbock.

Response:
오스틴 북부: 댈러스
오스틴 남부: 샌 안토니오, 코퍼스 크리스티, 사우스 파드레
오스틴의 동쪽: 휴스턴, 갤버스턴
오스틴의 서쪽: 프레드릭스버그, 러벅, 엘 파소

Considering Austin is in the central region of Texas, which of these places are in east, west, north and south. Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, Fredericksburg, El Paso, Corpas Christi, Galveston, South Padre, Lubbock.

North of Austin: Dallas
South of Austin: San Antonio, Corpus Christi, South Padre
East of Austin: Houston, Galveston
West of Austin: Fredericksburg, Lubbock, El Paso


Instruction: 독립선언서가 작성된 날짜는 언제입니까?

Response: 7월 4일 1776

what is the date when the declaration of independence was written?


Instruction: '얼음과 불의 노래' 시리즈에서 '하우스 코헤리스'의 창시자는 누구인가?

Response: 쿠엔톤 코헤리스

In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Qoherys?


Instruction: 누가 Pi 대신 Tau를 원 상수로 사용할 것을 제안했는가?

Response: Tau는 2010년 6월 28일 발행된 The Tau Manifesto에서 Michael Hartl에 의해 Pi보다 더 나은 원 상수로 제안되었습니다.  Tau에 대한 Hartl의 아이디어는 이전에 Pi가 사용하기에 가장 좋은 상수인지 의문을 제기하는 기사를 발표한 Bob Palais에서 영감을 받았습니다.

Who proposed the use of Tau as the circle constant, instead of Pi

Tau was proposed as a better circle constant than Pi by Michael Hartl in The Tau Manifesto, published on June 28, 2010.  Hartl's idea for Tau was inspired by Bob Palais, who had earlier published an article questioning whether Pi was the best constant to use.


Instruction: 안트완 디온 오돔은 몇 월과 요일에 태어났나요?

Context: 안트완 디온 오돔(1981년 9월 24일 출생)은 전직 미식축구 수비단이다. 그는 2004년 NFL 드래프트의 2라운드에서 테네시 타이탄에 의해 징집되었다. 그는 앨라배마에서 대학 풋볼을 했다. 그는 또한 신시내티 벵골스에서 뛰었다.

Response: 9월 24일

On what month and day was Antwan Deon Odom born?

Antwan Deon Odom (born September 24, 1981) is a former American football defensive end. He was drafted by the Tennessee Titans in the second round of the 2004 NFL Draft. He played college football at Alabama. He has also played for the Cincinnati Bengals.


Instruction: 스칼라가 뭐야?

Response: 스칼라는 객체 지향 프로그래밍과 기능 프로그래밍을 모두 지원하는 강력한 정적으로 타이핑된 고급 범용 프로그래밍 언어이다.

Scala is a strong statically typed high-level general-purpose programming language that supports both object-oriented programming and functional programming.


Instruction: 어떤 강이 최초의 위대한 문명의 탄생지였나요?

Response: 첫 번째 위대한 문명은 농업을 발전시킬 수 있는 강 근처에서 발생했다. 이집트 문명은 티그리스강과 유프라테스강 사이 메소포타미아의 수메르 문명인 나일강 주변에서, 하라파와 모헨조 다로 문화는 인더스강(파키스탄)을 따라, 고대 중국 문명은 양쯔강 주변에서 일어났다.

Which rivers were the birthplaces of the first great civilizations?

The first great civilizations arose near rivers, where they could develop agriculture. The Egyptian civilization arose around the Nile, the Sumerian civilization in Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers; the Harappa and Mohenjo Daro cultures arose along the Indus river (Pakistan), and the ancient Chinese civilization arose around the Yangtze river.


Instruction: 이 세트에서 어떤 항목이 가짜 색상인지 분류: 파란색, 녹색, 양, 빨간색, 오렌지색

Response: 양은 색이 아니다.

Classify which item is a fake color out of this set: blue, green, sheep, red, orange


Instruction: 거물들은 뭐죠?

Context: 타이탄에 대한 공격(일본어: 進撃の巨人, Hepburn: Shingeki no Kyojin, lit. 'The Advancing Giant') 이것은 이사야마 하지메에 의해 쓰여지고 삽화 된 일본 만화 시리즈입니다. 그것은 인류가 타이탄이라고 불리는 거대한 사람을 먹는 휴머노이드로부터 그들을 보호하는 세 개의 거대한 벽으로 둘러싸인 도시에서 살도록 강요받는 세상을 배경으로 한다. 이 이야기는 그의 고향의 파괴와 어머니의 죽음을 가져온 후 타이탄족을 말살할 것을 서약한 에렌 예거의 뒤를 따른다. 2009년 9월부터 2021년 4월까지 코단샤의 월간지 베사츠 쉰넨 잡지에 연재되었으며, 장들은 34권으로 수집되었다.

Response: 타이탄에 대한 공격에서 타이탄은 에렌 예거의 고향을 파괴하고 어머니의 죽음을 초래한 거대한 인간 섭식 휴머노이드이다. 타이탄족은 인류가 자신을 보호하기 위해 세 개의 거대한 벽으로 둘러싸인 도시에서 살게 한다.

Attack on Titan (Japanese: 進撃の巨人, Hepburn: Shingeki no Kyojin, lit. 'The Advancing Giant') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hajime Isayama. It is set in a world where humanity is forced to live in cities surrounded by three enormous walls that protect them from gigantic man-eating humanoids referred to as Titans; the story follows Eren Yeager, who vows to exterminate the Titans after they bring about the destruction of his hometown and the death of his mother. It was serialized in Kodansha's monthly magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine from September 2009 to April 2021, with its chapters collected in 34 tankōbon volumes.

In Attack on Titan, the Titans are gigantic man-eating humanoids that destroyed Eren Yeager's hometown and caused the death of his mother. The Titans cause humanity to live in cities surrounded by three enormous walls to protect themselves.


Instruction: 어떻게 하면 농구공을 잘 쏠 수 있을까?

Response:
농구공을 더 잘 쏘기 위해 몇 가지 방법이 있습니다.

- 슈팅 없이 공을 정해진 포인트로 반복하여 가져와 펀더멘털을 연습한다.

- 바스켓으로부터 5피트 이상 떨어져서 안정적으로 샷을 할 수 있을 때까지 샷한다.

- 자유투를 연습합니다.

드리블을 쏴봐

편안하게 셋을 쏴

How do I get better at shooting a basketball?

Here are a few things you can try to get better at shooting a basketball:

- Practice the fundamentals by repeatedly bringing the ball to your set point without shooting.

- Shoot from < 5 feet away from the basket until you can reliably make the shot.

- Practice your free throws.

- Try shooting off the dribble.

- Get comfortable shooting threes.


Instruction: 자메이카계 미국인 작가 니콜라 윤은 대학 졸업으로 무엇을 전공했나요?

Response: 에머슨 대학의 창의적 글쓰기

What did Jamaican-American author Nicola Yoon major in college for her graduate degree?


Instruction: 컴퓨터의 주요 구성 요소는 무엇입니까?

Response: 컴퓨터는 마더보드, 중앙처리장치(CPU), 메모리(종종 RAM이라 함) 및 저장을 위한 하드 디스크 또는 하드 드라이브 또는 솔리드 스테이트 드라이브로 구성된다.

what are the main components of a computer?

A computer consists of a motherboard, a central processing unit (CPU), memory (often called RAM) and a hard disk or hard drive or Solid State Drive for storage.