Consequentialism, which has roots in the work of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, focuses on taking actions that lead to better states in the world (Sinnott-Armstrong 2014). The principle of Beneficence, which focuses on balancing risk and benefits, is deeply rooted in consequentialist thinking. On the other hand, deontology, which has roots in the work of Immanuel Kant, focuses on ethical duties, independent of their consequences (Alexander and Moore 2015). The principle of Respect for Persons, which focuses on the autonomy of participants, is deeply rooted in deontological thinking. A quick and crude way to distinguish the two frameworks is that consequentialists focus on ends and deontologists focus on means.
ເປັນຜົນຕາມມາ, ເຊິ່ງມີຮາກໃນການເຮັດວຽກຂອງ Jeremy Bentham ແລະ John Stuart Mill ໄດ້, ໄດ້ສຸມໃສ່ການປະຕິບັດທີ່ນໍາໄປສູ່ປະເທດທີ່ດີກວ່າໃນໂລກ (Sinnott-Armstrong 2014) . ຫຼັກການຂອງ Beneficence, ເຊິ່ງສຸມໃສ່ການສົມດຸນຄວາມສ່ຽງແລະຜົນປະໂຫຍດ, ເປັນຮາກເລິກຢູ່ໃນແນວຄິດ consequentialist. ໃນອີກດ້ານຫນຶ່ງ, deontology, ເຊິ່ງມີຮາກໃນການເຮັດວຽກຂອງ Immanuel Kant ໄດ້, ໄດ້ສຸມໃສ່ຫນ້າທີ່ດ້ານຈັນຍາບັນ, ເອກະລາດຂອງຜົນສະທ້ອນຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ (Alexander and Moore 2015) . ຫຼັກການຂອງການເຄົາລົບຕໍ່ບຸກຄົນ, ເຊິ່ງສຸມໃສ່ການເອກກະລາດຂອງຜູ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມ, ແມ່ນຮາກເລິກຢູ່ໃນແນວຄິດ deontological. A ວິທີທາງໄວແລະ crude ເພື່ອຈໍາແນກສອງກອບແມ່ນວ່າ consequentialists ສຸມໃສ່ການສິ້ນສຸດລົງແລະ deontologists ສຸມໃສ່ວິທີການ.