"Legislation enacted by the federal and various state governments to regulate trade and commerce by preventing unlawful restraints, price-fixing, and monopolies, to promote competition, and to encourage the production of quality goods and services at the lowest prices, with the primary goal of safeguarding public welfare by ensuring that consumer demands will be met by the manufacture and sale of goods at reasonable prices.Antitrust law seeks to make businesses compete fairly. It has had a serious effect on business practices and the organization of U.S. industry. Premised on the belief that free trade benefits the economy, businesses, and consumers alike, the law forbids several types of restraint of trade and monopolization. These fall into four main areas: agreements between competitors, contractual arrangements between sellers and buyers, the pursuit or maintenance of monopoly power, and mergers.The Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 1 et seq.) is the basis for antitrust law, and many states have modeled their own statutes upon it. As weaknesses in the Sherman Act became evident, Congress added amendments to it at various times through 1950. The most important are the Clayton Act of 1914 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 12 et seq.) and the Robinson-Patman Act of 1936 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 13 et seq.). Congress also created a regulatory agency to administrate and enforce the law, under the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§Â§ 41--58). In an ongoing analysis influenced by economic, intellectual, and political changes, the U.S. Supreme Court has had the leading role in shaping how these laws are applied.Enforcement of antitrust law depends largely on two agencies, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which may issue cease and desist orders to violators, and the U.S. Department of Justice's Antitrust Division, which can litigate. Private parties may also bring civil suits. Violations of the Sherman Act are felonies carrying fines of up to $10 million for corporations, and fines of up to $350,000 and prison sentences of up to three years for persons. The federal government, states, and individuals can collect triple the amount of damages they have suffered as a result of injuries.Origins Antitrust law originated in reaction to a public outcry over trusts, which were late-nineteenth-century corporate monopolies that dominated U.S. manufacturing and mining. Trusts took their name from the quite legal device of business incorporation called trusteeship, which consolidated control of industries by transferring stock in exchange for trust certificates. The practice grew out of necessity. Twenty-five years after the Civil War, rapid industrialization had blessed and cursed business. Markets expanded and productivity grew, but output exceeded demand and competition sharpened. Rivals sought greater security and profits in cartels (mutual agreements to fix prices and control output). Out of these arrangements sprang the trusts. From sugar to whiskey to beef to tobacco, the process of merger and consolidation brought entire industries under the control of a few powerful people. Oil and steel, the backbone of the nation's heavy industries, lay in the hands of the corporate giants John D. Rockefeller and J. P. Morgan. The trusts could fix prices at any level. If a competitor entered the market, the trusts would sell their goods at a loss until the competitor went out of business and then raise prices again. By the 1880s, abuses by the trusts brought demands for reform.History gave only contradictory direction to the reformers. Before the eighteenth century, common law concerned itself with contracts, combinations, and conspiracies that resulted in restraint of free trade, but it did little about them. English courts generally let restrictive contracts stand because they did not consider themselves suited to judging adequacy or fairness. Over time, courts looked more closely into both the purpose and the effect of any restraint of trade. The turning point came in 1711 with the establishment of the basic standard for judging close cases, ""the rule of reason."" Courts asked whether the goal of a contract was a general restraint of competition ( naked restraint) or particularly limited in time and geography  ( ancillary restraint ). Naked restraints were unreasonable, but ancillary restraints were often acceptable. Exceptions to the rule grew as the economic philosophy of laissez-faire  (meaning ""let the people do what they please"") spread its doctrine of noninterference in business. As rival businesses formed cartels to fix prices and control output, the late-eighteenth-century English courts often nodded in approval.By the time the U.S. public was complaining about the trusts, common law in U.S. courts was somewhat tougher on restraint of trade. Yet it was still contradictory. The courts took two basic views of cartels: tolerant and condemning. The first view accepted cartels as long as they did not stop other merchants from entering the market. It used the rule of reason to determine this, and put a high premium on the freedom to enter contracts. Businesses and contracts mattered. Consumers, who suffered from price-fixing, were irrelevant; the wisdom of the market would protect them from exploitation. The second view saw cartels as thoroughly bad. It reserved the rule of reason only for judging more limited ancillary restrictions. Given these competing views, which varied from state to state, no comprehensive common law could be said to exist. But one approach was destined to win out.The Sherman Act and Early Enforcement In 1890, Congress took aim at the trusts with passage of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, named for Senator John Sherman (R-Ohio). It went far beyond the common law's refusal to enforce certain offensive contracts. Clearly persuaded by the more restrictive view that saw great harm in restraint of trade, the Sherman Act outlawed trusts altogether. The landmark law had two sections. Section 1 broadly banned group action in agreements, forbidding "" [e]very contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy,"" that restrained interstate or foreign trade. Section 2 banned individuals from monopolizing or trying to monopolize. Violations of either section were punishable by a maximum fine of $50,000 and up to one year in jail. The Sherman Act passed by nearly unanimous votes in both houses of Congress.Although sweeping in its language, the Sherman Act soon revealed its limitations. Congress had wanted action even though it did not know what steps to take. Historians would later dispute what its precise aims had been, but clearly the lawmakers intended courts to play the leading role in promoting competition and attacking monopolization: judges would make decisions as cases arose, slowly developing a body of opinions that would replace the confusing precedents of state courts. For a public expecting overnight change, the process worked all too slowly. President Grover Cleveland's Justice Department, which disliked the Sherman Act, made little effort to enforce it.Initial setbacks also came from the Supreme Court's first consideration of the statute, in United States v. E. C. Knight Co., 156 U.S. 1, 15 S. Ct. 249, 39 L. Ed. 325 (1895). Rejecting a challenge to a sugar trust that controlled over 98 percent of the nation's sugar refining capacity, the Court held that manufacturing was not interstate commerce. This was good news for trusts. If manufacturing was exempt from the Sherman Act, then they had little to worry about. The Court only began strongly supporting use of the law in the late 1890s, starting with cases against railroad cartels. By 1904, some three hundred large companies still controlled nearly 40 percent of the nation's manufacturing assets and influenced at least 80 percent of its vital industries.After the turn of the twentieth century, federal enforcement picked up speed. President Theodore Roosevelt's announcement that he was a ""trustbuster"" predicted one important aspect of the future of antitrust enforcement: it would depend largely on political will from the executive branch of government. Roosevelt and his successor, President William Howard Taft, responded to public criticism over the rapid merger of even more industries by pursuing more vigorous legal action, and steady prosecution in the first decade of the twentieth century brought the downfall of trusts.In 1911, the Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of the Standard Oil Company and the American Tobacco Company in landmark rulings that brought down two of the most powerful industrial trusts. But these were ambiguous victories. In Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States, 221 U.S. 1, 31 S. Ct. 502, 55 L. Ed. 619, for example, the Court dissolved the trust into thirty-three companies, but held that the Sherman Act outlawed only restraints that were anticompetitive---subject, furthermore, to a rule of reason. Critics of all stripes jumped on this decision. Some feared that conservative judges would now gut the Sherman Act; others predicted a return to lax enforcement; and businesses worried that in the absence of specific unlawful restraints, the rule of reason gave courts too much freedom to read the law subjectively.Congressional Reform up to 1950 Dissatisfaction brought new federal laws in 1914. The first of these was the Clayton Act, which answered the criticism that the Sherman Act was too general. It declared four practices illegal but not criminal: (1) price discrimination---selling a product at different prices to similarly situated buyers; (2) tying and exclusive-dealing contracts---sales on condition that the buyer stop dealing with the seller's competitors; (3) corporate mergers---acquisitions of competing companies; and (4) interlocking directorates---boards of competing companies, with common members.Quick to hedge its bets, the Clayton Act qualified each of these prohibited activities. They were only illegal where the effect ""may be substantially to lessen competition"" or ""tend to create a monopoly."" This language was intentionally vague. Despite specifying different tests for violations, Congress still wanted the courts to make the difficult decisions. One important limitation was added: the Clayton Act exempted unions from the scope of antitrust law, refusing to treat human labor as a commodity.The second piece of federal legislation in 1914 was the Federal Trade Commission Act. Without attaching criminal penalties, the law provided that ""unfair methods of competition in or affecting commerce, and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce are hereby declared illegal."" This was more than a symbolic attempt to buttress the Sherman Act. The law also created a regulatory agency, the FTC, to interpret and enforce it. Lawmakers fearing judicial hostility to the Sherman Act saw the FTC as a body that would more closely follow their preferences. Originally, the commission was designed to issue prospective decrees and share responsibilities with the Antitrust Division of the Justice Department. Later court rulings would allow it greater latitude in attacking Sherman Act violations.These laws helped satisfy the short-term demand for tougher, more explicit action from Congress. Before long, antitrust enforcement would shift with the mood of the country. As World War I and the 1920s reversed the outlook of previous years, antitrust policy was characterized by the hands-off policies of President Calvin Coolidge, who declared, ""The business of America is business."" Economic trends created and supported this attitude; prosperity seemed a worthwhile reward. In this era, the Justice Department gave more attention to promoting fairness than it did to attacking restrictive practices and monopoly power. Although activities such as price-fixing still came under attack, other kinds of business cooperation flourished and even received official encouragement in the early years of the New Deal. This flirtation lasted a good fifteen years, intensifying after the stock market crash of 1929. Following what historians called the era of neglect, antitrust made a resurgence. In 1935, the Supreme Court struck down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's National Industrial Recovery Act, which coordinated industrywide output and pricing, in ALA Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495, 55 S. Ct. 837, 79 L. Ed. 1570. The decision radically affected New Deal--era policy. The following year, Congress passed the Robinson-Patman Act, an attempt to make sense of the Clayton Act's bans on price discrimination. The Robinson-Patman Act explicitly forbade forms of price discrimination, in order to protect small producers from extinction at the hands of larger competitors. By 1937, economic decline brought federal antitrust enforcement back with a vengeance, as Roosevelt's administration began an extensive investigation into monopolies. The effort resulted in more than eighty antitrust suits in 1940. One federal court case in this period, United States v. Aluminum Co. of America, 148 F.2d 416  (2d Cir. 1945) (hereinafter Alcoa ), changed antimonopoly law for years to come. Since the 1920s, the Supreme Court had looked skeptically on the role of a business's size in judging monopoly cases. In United States v. United States Steel Corp., 251 U.S. 417, 40 S. Ct. 293, 64 L. Ed. 343 (1920), it said, "" [T]he law does not make mere size an offense, or the existence of unexerted power an offense. It, we repeat, requires overt acts."" The decision weakened the monopoly ban of the Sherman Act. Rather than focus on abusive business conduct, Alcoa emphasized the role of market power. Judge Learned Hand wrote for the court, ""Many people believe that possession of unchallenged economic power deadens initiative, discourages thrift and depresses energy; that immunity from competition is a narcotic, and rivalry is a stimulant, to industrial progress; that the spur of constant stress is necessary to counteract an inevitable disposition to let well enough alone."" The standard that emerged from this decision applied a two-part test for determining illegal monopolization: the defendant (1) must possess monopoly power in a relevant market and (2) must have improperly used exclusionary acts to gain or protect that power.Congress added its last piece of important legislation in 1950 with the Celler-Kefauver Antimerger Act, addressing a weakness in the Clayton Act. Because only anticompetitive stock purchases had been forbidden, businesses would circumvent the Clayton Act by targeting the assets of their rivals. Supreme Court decisions had also undermined the law by allowing businesses to transfer stock purchases into assets before the government filed a complaint. The Celler-Kefauver amendment closed these loopholes.The Supreme Court and Evolving Doctrine Vigorous enforcement of antitrust legislation created an immense body of case law. After 1950, Supreme Court decisions did more than anything else to shape antitrust doctrine. Two competing outlooks emerged. One regarded markets as fragile, easily distorted by private firms, and readily correctable through public intervention. Economic efficiency mattered less, in this view, than the belief in the antitrust doctrine's ability to meet social and political goals. The opposing view saw business rivalry as generally healthy, doubted that public intervention could cure defects, and emphasized the self-correcting ability of markets to erode private restraints and private power. This outlook opposed the use of antitrust measures except to stop behavior that clearly harms the efficiency of business.The most aggressive doctrine was developed under Chief Justice Earl Warren. The Warren Court often saw the need for decentralized social, political, and economic power, a goal it put ahead of the ideal of economic efficiency. In 1962, its first ruling on the Celler-Kefauver Act, Brown Shoe Co. v. United States, 370 U.S. 294, 82 S. Ct. 1502, 8 L. Ed. 2d 510, held that a merger between two firms accounting for only five percent of total industry output violated the principal antimerger provision of the antitrust laws. Brown Shoe also reflected the Court's hostility toward vertical restraints  (restrictions imposed in contracts by the seller on the buyer, or vice versa).This aggressive trend peaked in 1967 in United States v. Arnold, Schwinn & Co., 388 U.S. 365, 87 S. Ct. 1856, 18 L. Ed. 2d 1249. Arnold concerned nonprice vertical restraints  (territorial or customer restrictions on the resale of goods). The majority ruled that such restraints were per se illegal---in other words, so harmful to competition that they need not be evaluated. In ensuing years, critics condemned the Court's use of ""per se"" tests to invalidate agreements between competitors or between sellers and buyers. The so-called Chicago school, led by scholars Robert H. Bork and Richard A. Posner, argued that some nonprice vertical restraints actually led to gains in economic efficiency. These ideas would soon take hold.By the mid-1970s, the Court backed off its robust interventionism. Two pivotal decisions came in 1977, including the most important since World War II, Continental TV v. GTE Sylvania, 433 U.S. 36, 97 S. Ct. 2549, 53 L. Ed. 2d 568. In a decisive departure from the previous decade's rulings, the Court abandoned its hostility toward efficiency. Now, for evaluating nonprice vertical restraints, it returned to the use of a rule of reason. Per se rules would remain influential, but economic analysis would be the primary tool in formulating and applying antitrust rules. The second powerful change in doctrine was Brunswick Corp. v. Pueblo Bowl-O-Mat, 429 U.S. 477, 97 S. Ct. 690, 50 L. Ed. 2d 701. Brunswick said antitrust laws ""were enacted for the `protection of competition, not competitors.' "" The irony was addressed to private antitrust litigants. If they wanted to sue, the Court said, they would have to prove ""antitrust injury."" This decision threw out the old view that the demise of individual firms was plainly bad for competition. Replacing it was the view that adverse effects to businesses are sometimes offset by gains in reduced costs and increased output. Increasingly, after Brunswick, the Supreme Court and lower courts would accept economic efficiency as a justification for dominant firms to defend their market position. By 1986, efficiency-based analysis was widely accepted in federal courts.Even against this restrictive background, explosive change occurred. The early 1980s saw the dramatic conclusion of a historic monopoly case against the telephone giant American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T)  ( United States v. American Telephone & Telegraph Co., 552 F. Supp. 131 [D.D.C. 1982], aff'd in Maryland v. United States, 460 U.S. 1001, 103 S. Ct. 1240, 75 L. Ed. 2d 472 [1983]). The Justice Department settled claims that AT&T had impeded competition in long-distance telephone service and telecommunications equipment. The result was the largest divestiture in history: a federal court severed the Bell System's operating companies and manufacturing arm (Western Electric) from AT&T, transforming the nation's telephone services. But the historic settlement was an exception to the political philosophy and level of enforcement that characterized the decade. As the 1980s were ending, the Justice Department dropped its thirteen-year suit against International Business Machines (IBM). This lengthy battle had sought to end IBM's dominance by breaking it up into four computer companies. Convinced that market forces had done the work for them, prosecutors gave up.Throughout the 1980s, political conservatism in federal enforcement complemented the Supreme Court's doctrine of nonintervention. The administration of President Ronald Reagan reduced the budgets of the FTC and the Department of Justice, leaving them with limited resources for enforcement. Enforcement efforts followed a restrictive agenda of prosecuting cases of output restrictions and large mergers of a horizontal nature (involving firms within the same industry and at the same level of production). Mergers of companies into conglomerates, on the other hand, were looked on favorably, and the years 1984 and 1985 produced the greatest increase in corporate acquisitions in the nation's history.As the Supreme Court strengthened requirements for evidence, injury, and the right to bring suit, antitrust cases became harder for plaintiffs to win. Most decisions in this period narrowed the reach of antitrust. A few rare exceptions, such as Aspen Skiing Co. v. Aspen Highlands Skiing Corp., 472 U.S. 585, 105 S. Ct. 2847, 86 L. Ed. 2d 467  (1985), which condemned a monopolist's unjustified refusal to deal with a rival, faintly recalled the tough outlook of the Warren Court. Nonintervention, however, took precedence. In the strongest example, Matsushita Electrical Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 106 S. Ct. 1348, 89 L. Ed. 2d 538 (1986), the majority dismissed allegations that Japanese television manufacturers had engaged in a twenty-year pricing conspiracy designed to drive U.S. electronics equipment manufacturers out of business. The Court discouraged claims that rested on ambiguous circumstantial evidence or lacked ""economic rationality,"" suggesting that lower courts settle these by summary judgment (judicial decision without a trial).The 1990s Once again proving that antitrust law never remains static, the late 1980s and early 1990s brought more changes in enforcement, economic analysis, and court doctrine. At the state level in the late 1980s, governments attacked mergers and restraints. The Supreme Court gave these efforts support in California v. American Stores Co., 495 U.S. 271, 110 S. Ct. 1853, 109 L. Ed. 2d 240 (1990), upholding the ability of state governments to break up illegal mergers. Another trend came again from academia, where, for years, critics of the Chicago school had been reevaluating its highly influential efficiency model. They concluded that a proper analysis of efficiency goals showed that efficiency demanded tighter antitrust controls, not stubborn nonintervention.An important 1992 Supreme Court case seemed to support this view. Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Technical Services, 504 U.S. 451, 112 S. Ct. 2072, 119 L. Ed. 2d 265 (hereinafter Kodak ), concerned tying arrangements  (contracts between buyer and seller that restrict competition) in the sale and service of photocopiers. Kodak sold replacement parts only to buyers who agreed to have Kodak exclusively service the machines, and the restriction prompted a lawsuit from eighteen independent service organizations (ISOs). The company defended itself by arguing that even if it did monopolize the market, it lacked the necessary market power for a Sherman Act violation. The Court rejected the idea that this was enough to create a legal rule that equipment competition precluded any finding of monopoly power in the parts and services industry. In declaring Kodak's arrangement illegal, Justice Harry A. Blackmun warned about the dangers of relying on economic theory as a substitute for ""actual market realities""---in this case, the harm done to ISOs who were shut out of the service market.After the Reagan years, antitrust attitudes sharpened in Washington, D.C. The administration of President George Bush adopted a slightly more activist approach, reflected in joint guidelines on mergers issued in 1992 by the FTC and the Justice Department. In following the trend away from strict Chicago school efficiency standards, the guidelines looked more closely at competitive effects and tightened requirements. But understaffed government attorneys generally lost court cases. President Bill Clinton took this activism further. Anne K. Bingaman, his appointee to head the Department of Justice's Antitrust Division, beefed up the division's staff with sixty-one new attorneys, declaring her organization the competition agency. The Antitrust Division filed thirty-three civil suits in 1994, roughly three times the annual number brought under Reagan and Bush. It won some victories without going to court, in one instance compelling AT&T to keep a subsidiary private, but it lost a major lawsuit claiming that General Electric had conspired with the South African firm of DeBeers to fix industrial diamond prices.Under President Clinton, the most important antitrust action involved a federal probe of the computer software giant Microsoft Corporation. In its potential for far-reaching action, this was the biggest antitrust case since those involving AT&T and IBM. Competitors complained that Microsoft used illegal arrangements with buyers to ensure that its disk operating system would be installed in nearly 80 percent of the world's computers. In-depth investigations by the FTC and the Department of Justice followed. In mid-1994, under threat of a federal lawsuit, Microsoft entered a consent decree designed to increase competitors' access to the market. All the parties involved---the original complainants, Microsoft, and the government---expressed relative satisfaction. But in early 1995, a federal judge rejected the agreement, citing evidence of other monopolistic practices by Microsoft. In a highly unusual move, the Justice Department and Microsoft together appealed the decision. The uncertain future of the case carried the threat of further action against the nation's fifth-largest industry.CROSS-REFERENCES Bork, Robert; Chicago School; Clayton Act; Corporation; Justice Department; Mergers and Acquisitions; Monopoly; Posner, Richard; Restraint of Trade; Robinson-Patman Act; Sherman Anti-Trust Act; Unfair Competition.Articles from West's Encyclopedia of American Law are published on West's Legal Directory Law Information Center with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal or other professional advice. If legal advice or other professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought."
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 1 et seq.) is the basis for antitrust law, and many states have modeled their own statutes upon it. As weaknesses in the Sherman Act became evident, Congress added amendments to it at various times through 1950.he Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 1 et seq.) is the basis for antitrust law, and many states have modeled their own statutes upon it. As weaknesses in the Sherman Act became evident, Congress added amendments to it at various times through 1950.


The Antitrust Laws
The Antitrust Laws. Congress passed the first antitrust law, the Sherman Act, in 1890 as a comprehensive charter of economic liberty aimed at preserving free and unfettered competition as the rule of trade..n addition to these federal statutes, most states have antitrust laws that are enforced by state attorneys general or private plaintiffs. Many of these statutes are based on the federal antitrust laws.


Chapter 47 - Antitrust Law
That regime started with the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, the first Federal law outlawing practices considered harmful to consumers (monopolies, cartels, and trusts). The Clayton Act specified particular prohibited conduct, the three-level enforcement scheme, the exemptions, and the remedial measures.n independent agency of the United States government, established in 1914 by the Federal Trade Commission Act. Its principal mission is the promotion of consumer protection and the elimination and prevention of anti-competitive business practices, such as coercive monopoly.


History of United States antitrust law
It was followed by the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, the Clayton Antitrust Act and the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914, the Robinson-Patman Act of 1936, and the Celler-Kefauver Act of 1950. Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States, 221 U.S. 1 (1911) Standard Oil was dismantled into geographical entities given its size, and that it was too much of a monopoly. 2  United States v. 3  American Tobacco Company, 221 U.S. 106 (1911) found to have monopolized the trade.


Medical Dictionary
What is Cat's Claw? Cat's claw is a plant. Two species of cat's claw, Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis, are of primary interest for use as medicine. Uncaria tomentosa is most commonly used in the U.S., and Uncaria guianensis is typically used in Europe. Medicine is made from the root and bark.


Children's Vaccines - Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: What You Need to Know
Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the U.S. There are about 40 types of HPV. About 20 million people in the U.S. are infected, and about 6.2 million more get infected each year. HPV is spread through sexual contact.


Children's Vaccines - Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: What You Need to Know
Most HPV infections donât cause any symptoms, and go away on their own. But HPV is important mainly because it can cause cervical cancer in women. Every year in the U.S. about 10,000 women get cervical cancer and 3,700 die from it. It is the 2nd leading cause of cancer deaths among women around the world.


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(Information provided with permission of Dr. Dennis Hacker, DVM, DACVO.) One of the more common ophthalmic problems seen in our cat patients is infections caused by herpesvirus. This virus causes conjunctivitis (inflammation of the moveable white tissue surrounding the eye) and/or corneal ulcers. Occasionally sneezing and mouth ulcers occur in some patients.


Wart Virus in Dogs
Wart Virus in Cats. Papillomatosis in Cats. The term papillomatosis is used to describe a benign tumor on the surface of the skin. Caused by a virus known as the papillomavirus, the growth is black, raised, and wart-like, with an open pore in the central surface if the tumor is inverted.


HPV (Human Papilloma Virus, genital warts) in Dogs and Cats
HPV (Human Papilloma Virus, genital warts) in Dogs and Cats. HPV, Feline Herpes Simplex Virus: Type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) Herbal nutrition to help address symptoms of viral infections such as herpes in cats and dogs. The immune system is a complex array of cells that are found throughout your petâs body which helps provide a fortified defense against unwanted intruders.


HPV (Human Papilloma Virus, genital warts) in Dogs and Cats
If your petâs immune system is weakened, every body system is at risk. Feline Herpes. The herpes virus, also called feline viral rhinopneumonitis (FVR), rhinotracheitis virus and feline herpes virus type 1 (FHV-1), is one of the most common causes of upper respiratory infections in cats of all ages.


What Is HPV?
HPV/Genital Warts. Infection with the HPV virus infects at least 50% of all people who have sex at some time in their lives. Often, people don't have any symptoms and the HPV infection goes away on its own. Some types of HPV can lead to cervical cancer or cancer of the anus or penis.


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Helen Hayes. Helen Hayes (10.10. 1900 â 17.3. 1993.) bila je ameriÄka glumica, dva puta nagraÄena Oscarom, a Äija je kariejra trajala gotovo 70 godina. S vremenom je dobila reputaciju Prve dame ameriÄkog teatra, te postala jedna od devet osoba koja je osvojila Emmy, Grammy, Oscar i Tony.


Helen Hayes Biography
Helen Hayes was an American actress born on October 10, 1900, in Washington, D.C. The accomplished entertainer acted from age 5 to 85. She appeared on Broadway at age 8, and over the next several years, she received much acclaim for her performances.


Helen Hayes Biography
Born on October 10, 1900, in Washington, D.C., Helen Hayes was known as the First Lady of the American Theater.. She spent decades delivering stellar performances on the stage and television and in films. She started acting as a child with the encouragement of her mother, once an aspiring actress herself.


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These paralyzed children became Helen's next challenge. She convinced the administration of Nyack Hospital to set up a treatment and therapy department for the paralyzed survivors. This hospital was the first in the country to do this and in the 70's it was named, the Helen Hayes MacArthur Hospital. The joy of her life was her son, James MacArthur. She was proud of his success in the entertainment world.


Helen Hayes
Helen Hayes' Tour of the Far East: 1966: The Circle: The School for Scandal: Mrs. Candour: Right You Are If You Think You Are: Signora Frola: We Comrades Three: Mother: You Can't Take It With You: Olga: 1967: The Show-Off: Mrs. Fisher: Tony Award - nagrada Vernon Rice: 1968: The Show-Off: Mrs. Fisher: nova postava: 1969: The Front Page: Mrs. Grant: 1970: Harvey: Veta Louise Simmons


Helen Hayes
Helen Hayes bila je ameriÄka glumica, dva puta nagraÄena Oscarom, a Äija je kariejra trajala gotovo 70 godina. S vremenom je dobila reputaciju Prve dame ameriÄkog teatra, te postala jedna od devet osoba koja je osvojila Emmy, Grammy, Oscar i Tony.


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Helen Hayes. (1900- 1993) There are some people who never die and that is true of Helen Hayes. Her legacy lives on. Her establishment of the Mary MacArthur Fund, with the March of Dimes, helped those children who were dying with polio, Helen helped parents through the ordeal. Many children who survived were paralyzed, with no hospital or therapy to help them.


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Helen Hayes; glumica: Helen Hayes: Biografske informacije; RoÄenje: Helen Hayes Brown 10. oktobar 1900. () Washington, D.C., SAD: Smrt: 17. mart 1993. (dob: 92) Nyack, New York, SAD: SupruÅ¾nik: John Swanson (vj.1926-1928; razvod) Charles MacArthur (vj.1928-1956; njegova smrt) Profesionalne informacije; Zanimanje: glumica: Opis; Djelatni period: 1905-1985


Helen Hayes Biography
Born on October 10, 1900, in Washington, D.C., Helen Hayes was known as the First Lady of the American Theater. She spent decades delivering stellar performances on the stage and television and in films.


Helen Hayes Biography
One of Helen Hayes's final triumphs came in 1990 with the publication her autobiography My Life in Three Acts. The memoir became a best seller. By early 1993, Hayes's health had started to fail.


Find the perfect name with our expert baby name toolsâFree!
Origin of the name Willow: Taken from the name of the tree which is derived from the Middle English wilwe (willow). Willow trees are noted for their flexibility and graceful appearance, hence the adjective willowy, which means gracefully slender and lithe, qualities seen as desirable feminine attributes.


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English Meaning: The name Willow is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Willow is: Slender;graceful. From the willow tree noted for slender graceful branches and leaves. American Meaning: The name Willow is an American baby name.


Find the perfect name with our expert baby name toolsâFree!
Taken from the name of the tree which is derived from the Middle English wilwe (willow). Willow trees are noted for their flexibility and graceful appearance, hence the adjective willowy, which means gracefully slender and lithe, qualities seen as desirable feminine attributes.


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The name Willow is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Willow is: Slender;graceful. From the willow tree noted for slender graceful branches and leaves. American Meaning: The name Willow is an American baby name.


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English Meaning: The name Willow is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Willow is: Slender;graceful. From the willow tree noted for slender graceful branches and leaves.


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The name Willow is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Willow is: Slender;graceful. From the willow tree noted for slender graceful branches and leaves. American Meaning: The name Willow is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Willow is: Slender;graceful.


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In English, the name Willow means-from the willow tree.The name Willow originated as an English name. The name Willow is most often used as a girl name or female name.


Willow
English Meaning: The name Willow is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Willow is: Slender;graceful. From the willow tree noted for slender graceful branches and leaves. American Meaning: The name Willow is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Willow is: Slender;graceful.


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The Biblical baby name Willow is English in origin and it's meaning is name of a slender and graceful tree growing in very wet areas. The Hebrew words for willow used in the Bible are 'arabim (aravah) and tsaphtsaphah. Willow is pronounced wil-loh.


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The Biblical baby name Willow is English in origin and it's meaning is name of a slender and graceful tree growing in very wet areas. The Hebrew words for willow used in the Bible are 'arabim (aravah) and tsaphtsaphah.


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Impeachment is the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to remove a Government official without that official's agreement. The second stage is conviction. Impeachment is so rare that the term can be misunderstood. A typical misconception is to confuse it with involuntary removal from office.


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A balancing test will also be used if a conviction is more than 10 years old. Typically, the name of the crime, the date and place of the conviction are disclosed. However, a detailed description of the criminal act isn't usually allowed. Impeachment makes a difference in the way a jury views the witness.


What is the difference between impeachment and conviction?
Answers.comÂ® is making the world better one answer at a time. Impeachment is when a president is taken to court, but if they win the case, or the senate doesn't get a majority vote to convict him, he won't be removed from office. Conviction is removal, and impeachment is accusation. 9 people found this useful.


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The impeachment charges can be initiated by either HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT.These charges should be signed by 1/4 (one fourth) of the house (that framed the charges) and a notice of 14 days should be given to the President.


Impeachment and removal
Impeachment and removal are the two steps in taking a high government official, such as a president or a judge, from his position. It is typically used in cases of malfeasance (see also recall election). The first step, impeachment, is a formal accusation by a simple majority of the House of Representatives.


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The point: The difference between Rule 608(b) evidence of specific instances of conduct and Rule 609(a) evidence of prior convictions is that a conviction at least eliminates the problem of spending time to establish that the conduct actually happened.


How Does the Impeachment Process Work?
How Does the Impeachment Process Work? Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich is being impeached. How does the impeachment process work?On January 9, 2009, the Illinois House of Representatives impeached Governor Rod Blagojevich in a 114-1 vote. The decision was reaffirmed by the incoming legislature on January 14 in a 117-1 vote for impeachment. Impeachment is uncommon in the US and the process can be confusing.


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The President can be removed from office by a process of IMPEACHMENT for the violation of the Constitution of India.However the Constitution doesn't define the meaning of phrase â Violation of the Constitutionâ. The IMPEACHMENT is a âQUASI JUDICIAL PROCEDURE in the PARLIAMENT â (à¤¸à¤à¤¸à¤¦ à¤®à¥à¤ à¤à¤°à¥à¤§-à¤¨à¥à¤¯à¤¾à¤¯à¤¿à¤ à¤ªà¥à¤°à¤à¥à¤°à¤¿à¤¯à¤¾).


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The five factors (not all of which cut in the same way) are:  1 Impeachment value of the prior crime. 2  Point of time of conviction and defendant's subsequent history, 3  Similarity between the past crime and the crime charged,  Importance of the defendant's 1  testimony, Centrality of the defendant's credibility.


Glenn Beck Net Worth
Glenn Beck. Glenn Lee Beck (born February 10, 1964) is an American television and radio host, conservative political commentator, author, television network producer, filmmaker, and entrepreneur.


Glenn Beck Contemplates Starting Own Channel
Glenn Beck already has his own media company, Mercury Radio Arts. Credit Michael Dinneen/Associated Press. Mr. Beck has been contemplating a cable channel of his own for more than a year, according to the people who have spoken with him about it, who spoke on condition of anonymity. Mr. Beck may not be able to actively pursue such an arrangement until his Fox contract is up.


How a boycott brought down Beck
How a boycott brought down Beck. Jeff McCall answered questions about how an ad boycott, fixation with conspiracy theories, and quick dip in ratings lead to Glenn Beck losing his show on Fox News. This is Jeff McCall, professor of media studies at DePauw University.


How a boycott brought down Beck
According to a spokesperson at Premiere Networks, which syndicates The Glenn Beck Program, the show can be heard on more than 430 affiliates, including 88 stations that have acquired Beck in the past year. And in radio, all ratings that matter are local--so in markets where he does well, the stations are happy.


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Glenn Beck's challenge: Getting onto your TV. Three years ago Glenn Beck did something radical: he departed Fox News, where he had upwards of two millions viewers a day, and he asked those viewers to pay for his own Internet channel.


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Glenn Beck
Beck launched TheBlaze in 2011 after leaving Fox News. He currently hosts an hour-long afternoon program, The Glenn Beck Program, on weekdays, and a three-hour morning radio show; both are broadcast on TheBlaze. Beck is also the producer of For the Record on TheBlaze.


Glenn Beck Contemplates Starting Own Channel
It is possible that Mr. Beck and Fox could agree to a new contract. But his relationship with the channel has been fraught from its earliest days in 2009, and lately both sides have been anonymously sniping at the other.


Glenn Beck's challenge: Getting onto your TV
Glenn Beck's challenge: Getting onto your TV. by Brian Stelter @brianstelter August 10, 2014: 11:24 AM ET. Three years ago Glenn Beck did something radical: he departed Fox News, where he had upwards of two millions viewers a day, and he asked those viewers to pay for his own Internet channel.


Glenn Beck Returning To TV With Dish Network Deal
Glenn Beck Returning To TV With Dish Network Deal. Glenn Beck is returning to television after a little over a year of being away from it. Beck's company announced Wednesday that it has signed a deal with Dish Network, the satellite operator, to bring his online television network, TheBlazeTV, to the airwaves. The move completes a kind of circle for Beck, who left his Fox News show in June of 2011.


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Generally speaking, the CPT time standards apply unless there are different instructions within the CPT guidelines for specific codes or code sets. â¢ âA unit of time is attained when the mid-point is passed. For example, an hour is attained when 31 minutes have elapsed (more than midway between zero and sixty minutes). â¢ âA second hour is attained when a total of 91 minutes have elapsed.


The 8 Minute Rule â How Does It Work?
One of the most confusing aspects of Physical Therapy billing is Medicareâs 8 Minute Rule for time-based codes. Physical Therapy billing codes are either timed or untimed codes for billing purposes. Untimed codes are reported as one unit per day. Timed codes are reported using the 8 Minute Rule.


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Medicare Program Rates & Statistics. Information on the operations of Medicare, Medicaid, and the health care industry including. 1  A brief summary of the Medicare and Medicaid programs including information on benefits and financing. 2  Health care indicators-trends in health care related industries.


Critical Care FAQ
Yes. According to CPT guidelines, â90839 is used to report the first 30-74 minutes of psychotherapy for crisis on a given datesâ¦ Psychotherapy for crisis of less than 30 minutes total duration on a given date should be reported with 90832 or 90833 (when provided with evaluation and management services).


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Crisis Services 43. What are the new codes for crisis services? 90839: Psychotherapy for crisis; first 60 minutes +90840: each additional 30 minutes (listed separately in addition to the code for primary services) *this is an add-on code 44. Does the CPT time rule apply to the codes for crisis services? Yes.


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Timed codes are billed using Medicareâs 8 Minute Rule. The following codes are timed codes: 1  97032 â Electrical Stimulation (Manual). 2  97033 â Iontophoresis. 3  97035 â Ultrasound. 4  97039 â Unlisted. 5  97110 â Therapeutic Exercise.


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It is a good idea to provide the patient with a Notice of Exclusion from Medicare Benefits (NEMB), which is intended to ensure the patient understands that the service is not a covered benefit under Medicare Part B. This form is available in English and Spanish at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/BNI/11_FFSNEMBGeneral.asp.


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For more information on billing preventive services and E/M services on the same date, see âSame-Day E/M Services: What to Do When a Health Plan Wonât Pay,â FPM, April 2006, and âMaking Sense of Preventive Medicine Coding,â FPM, April 2004. A. Yes.


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Code 99058 should be reported when you provide services on an emergency basis in the office that disrupt other scheduled office services. You do not need to be called out of a room to bill 99058, but your scheduled appointments must be disrupted to care for a patient who requires immediate care.


10 Myths About Contact Lenses
I can't wear contact lenses. Yes, you can! Thanks to advances in contact lens technology in recent years, just about everyone can wear contacts. For example, there are now bifocal contact lenses for people with presbyopia, and toric soft lenses that correct astigmatism. contact lens will get lost behind my eye. Nope! A thin membrane called the conjunctiva covers the white of your eye and connects to the inside of your eyelids, making it impossible for a contact lens to get lost behind your eye.


Contact Lenses
Improvements in contact lenses have made them more comfortable and easier to wear. Millions of people wear contact lenses, and most wear soft lenses. For these people, contact lenses offer a relatively safe and effective way of correcting vision problems. Several types of hard and soft contact lenses are available.any people have problems with their contacts because they don't follow instructions on wearing time, disinfection, and other cleaning and care practices. For best results and to protect your eye health, follow all instructions closely. Daily disposable lenses are the safest soft contact lenses for your eyes.


Slideshow: Tips for Contact Lens Wearers at Every Age
If you're out of contact lens solution, you might be tempted to rinse your lenses with tap water. Don't do it! Water sometimes has microbes that can cause serious eye infections. Don't even wear contacts in the shower. And never put your lenses into your mouth or use saliva to wet them.se your index finger to slide the lens out of the package or case and into the palm of your hand. Rinse it with the solution recommended by your eye doctor. Place the lens on the tip of your index finger. Pull your lower lid down with the middle finger of the same hand and hold your upper lid with your other hand.


Teens and Contact Lenses: What Parents Need to Know
There is no age limit: babies can wear them, and so can seniors. Many eye care professionals begin to encourage contact lens wear at age 11 to 14. The real issue for teens is not age, but whether they are responsible enough to wear and care for contact lenses properly.ake sure you discuss with your eye doctor what you can do to replace a contact lens that has been torn, damaged or lost. If you wear disposable contacts, you don't have the expense or inconvenience of worrying about a replacement because you'll already have a supply of lenses on hand.


Contact Lenses
If bifocal contact lenses will not work for you, your doctor may recommend monovision. With monovision, you wear a contact lens that corrects for near vision in one eye and a lens that corrects for distance vision in the other eye. Many people who try monovision can adjust to it. Monovision has some drawbacks, though.any people have problems with their contacts because they don't follow instructions on wearing time, disinfection, and other cleaning and care practices. For best results and to protect your eye health, follow all instructions closely. Daily disposable lenses are the safest soft contact lenses for your eyes.


10 Myths About Contact Lenses
4. Contact lenses can get permanently stuck to my eye. While it's true that a soft contact lens can stick to the surface of your eye if it dries out, remoistening the lens by applying sterile saline or a multipurpose contact lens solution will get it moving again. contact lens will get lost behind my eye. Nope! A thin membrane called the conjunctiva covers the white of your eye and connects to the inside of your eyelids, making it impossible for a contact lens to get lost behind your eye.


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Soft contact lenses conform to the shape of your eye. They're comfortable and tend to stay in place well, so they're a good choice if you participate in sports or lead an active lifestyle. Soft contact lenses come in various types, such as: 1  Daily wear. Daily wear soft contact lenses are typically the least expensive option. 2  You wear the lenses during the day, and remove them each night to be cleaned and disinfected. 3  How long you can use a single pair of daily wear lenses varies depending on the manufacturer. 4  Extended wear.


10 Myths About Contact Lenses
3. Contact lenses are uncomfortable. Not true. After a brief adaptation period, most people don't even notice they're wearing contact lenses. For those who do experience contact lens discomfort, several remedies are available once the cause is pinpointed. contact lens will get lost behind my eye. Nope! A thin membrane called the conjunctiva covers the white of your eye and connects to the inside of your eyelids, making it impossible for a contact lens to get lost behind your eye.


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Shutterstock. If you're one of the 36 million contact lens wearers in the U.S., chances are you went through a mini-course in hygiene when you first got your prescription. You know the drill: First wash your hands with soap and water before drying them with a clean, lint-free cloth or paper towel.hutterstock. If you're one of the 36 million contact lens wearers in the U.S., chances are you went through a mini-course in hygiene when you first got your prescription. You know the drill: First wash your hands with soap and water before drying them with a clean, lint-free cloth or paper towel.


What Every Contact Lens Wearer Needs To Know (But Is Afraid To Ask)
That's why it's important not to shower or swim with your contact lenses in, she says (plus swimming in your contact lenses ups the chances of them coming out of your eye). In addition, you should never use water in place of solution for storing your contact lenses.hutterstock. If you're one of the 36 million contact lens wearers in the U.S., chances are you went through a mini-course in hygiene when you first got your prescription. You know the drill: First wash your hands with soap and water before drying them with a clean, lint-free cloth or paper towel.


Fish anatomy
1 In many fish, the pectoral fins aid in walking, especially in the lobe-like fins of some anglerfish and in the mudskipper. 2  Certain rays of the pectoral fins may be adapted into finger-like projections, such as in sea robins and flying gurnards.


Fish Anatomy
The main difference between rays and spines is the segmentation of rays, spines may be flexible but they are never segmented. Fins are either median or paired. Median fins are situated along the center-line (median) of the body while the paired fins correspond to the arms and legs of land animals.


Fish Anatomy
The caudal (tail) fin is used for propulsion. The types of caudal fins are: 1  Heterocercal: the vertebrae extend into a larger lobe of the tail. 2  Epicercal: the upper lobe is larger, as in sturgeons and many sharks. 3  Hypocercal: the lower lobe is larger, as in flying fish.


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An unpaired fin located along the midline of the dorsal surface. It may have both spines and rays or just rays and consist of a single lobe, two lobes that are joined or separate, or a series of free spines and a lobe with rays. An unpaired fin located along the midline of the dorsal surface.


Fish Anatomy
Some species have dorsal fins with defensive spines, sometimes containing venom. The adipose fin is a small fleshy fin located on the back of some species (Salmonidae, Characidae and catfish families) behind the dorsal fin near the tail.


Fish anatomy
The anatomy of fish is often shaped by the physical characteristics of water, the medium in which fish live. Water is much denser than air, holds a relatively small amount of dissolved oxygen, and absorbs more light than air does.


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Paired fins located on the ventral (bottom) surface either just anterior to the anus, underneath the pectoral fins, or just posterior to the throat. Paired fins located on the ventral (bottom) surface either just anterior to the anus, underneath the pectoral fins, or just posterior to the throat.


Fish Anatomy
Some species have developed highly specialized pectoral fins. They can provide the upward lift (dynamic lifting) that helps some fish, such as sharks, to maintain depth and also enables the flight of flying fish and hatchet fish. The pectoral fins of some species have defensive spines.


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GENERAL INFORMATION. The information provided in this package will give you a better understanding of the plan check and permit process for both a new single-family residence and a residential addition in the City of Santa Paula.


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Fees & Refund Information. All students are required by state regulations to pay an enrollment fee. Details about exemptions, waivers, deferments, and grants related to this fee are available in the Financial Aid Office at the Santa Rosa Campus, Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM or by phone at (707) 527-4471.


City of Santa Rosa: Medical Cannabis FAQs
Does the City of Santa Rosa allow Commercial Cultivation? Yes. On March 15, 2016, the Santa Rosa City Council adopted an interim ordinance to allow Commercial Cultivation of Medical Cannabis. The ordinance can be found in Chapter 20-46 of the City Code and can be accessed at srcity.org/cannabis.


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Google Chrome is compatible with other features of Permit Sonoma, but not the mapping tool. 3Payments cannot yet be made online for Septic Operational Permits (OPR). Please mail a check or call the Well & Septic section.


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But you need to be a registered user to fully utilize all of the features. If you were previously registered with Velocity Hall Permit Manager, you will need to re-register with Permit Sonoma in order to submit permit applications or make payments online.


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Welcome to Sonoma County Permit and Design. 1  Sonoma County Permit was established in 1994 to help contractors, homeowners and business people that need to generate designs and working drawings, obtain permits, and manage projects, in a regulatory environment that has become increasingly challenging to comprehend and navigate through.


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With Permit Sonoma, you can perform the following online: 1  Search for existing permits on a property. 2  Apply for certain residential Building permits.1. 3  Check the status of a permit.  Pay permit fees.1 1  3. Schedule field inspections.1 (Alternative to Selectron.)  Find out your zoning 1  information. Utilize the built-in mapping tool. 2. And more!


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INSPECTIONSâ¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦â¦.. The information provided in this package will give you a better understanding of the plan check and permit process for both a new single-family residence and a residential addition in the City of Santa Paula.


Fees & Refund Information
Enrollment Fees. All students are required by state regulations to pay an enrollment fee. Details about exemptions, waivers, deferments, and grants related to this fee are available in the Financial Aid Office at the Santa Rosa Campus, Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM or by phone at (707) 527-4471.


City of Santa Rosa: Medical Cannabis FAQs
In 2005, the City of Santa Rosa adopted its initial regulations for Medical Cannabis Dispensaries. The ordinance can be found in Chapter 10-40 of the City Code and can be accessed at srcity.org/cannabis.


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To fly a hot air balloon you must be a licensed balloon pilot. Much like a fixed wing pilot, balloon pilots go through extensive training including ground school, written exams and hands-on flying.A balloon pilot must have a minimum of 50 hours experience to fly passengers in Canada.


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show more A hot-air balloonist, rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude 5 m/s, releases a sandbag at an instant when the balloon is 40 m above the ground. After it s released, the sand bag is in free fall. a. Compute the position and velocity of the sandbag at 0.5 s and 2.0 s after its release. b. How many... show more A hot-air balloonist, rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude 5 m/s, releases a sandbag at an instant when the balloon is 40 m above the ground. After it s released, the sand bag is in free fall. a.


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Hot Air Balloon passenger flights take place in winds less than 10 knots, with no rain or approaching storms in the immediate area. Flights also require visibility of at least 4 km.


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An average hot air balloon, including the basket will cost approximately $60,000.00 Canadian. Who makes hot air balloons? Hot air balloons are made by a small group of select manufacturers around the world.


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A hot-air balloonist, rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude v = 6.00 m/s, releases a sandbag at an instant when the balloon is y = 50.0 m above the ground. After it is released, the sandbag is in free fall.


Question: A hotair balloonist, rising vertically with a constant speed of 5.00m/s , releases a sandbag at t...
Question: A hotair balloonist, rising vertically with a constant speed of 5.00m/s , releases a sandbag at t... A hotair balloonist, rising vertically with a constant speed of 5.00m/s , releases a sandbag at the instant the balloon is 40.0m above the ground. After it is released, the sandbag encounters no appreciable air drag. A) Compute the position (height above the ground) of the sandbag at 0.251s after its release.


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Hot Air Balloons can not be steered like a plane or helicopter. Balloons travel only in the direction of the wind. There may be different wind directions at different altitudes that the pilot may use to maneuver the balloon.


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Special clothing is not required for hot air ballooning. We always suggest practical wear, such as long pants, a light jacket, a hat and no sandals or high heels. We do not fly high enough for a change in temperature so plan to dress for the temperature of the day.


Question: A hotair balloonist, rising vertically with a constant speed of 5.00m/s , releases a sandbag at t...
Q: 1  A hotair balloonist, rising vertically with a constant speed of 5.00 , releases a sandbag at the instant the balloon is 40.0 above the ground. 2  A hot-air balloonist, rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude = 5.00m/s , releases a sandbag at an instant when the balloon is a height = 40.0m above the ground (Figure 1) . After it is released, the sandbag is in free fall.


Physics - Free Fall Question?
a hot air balloonist rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude 5.0 m/s, releases a sandbag at an instant when the balloon is 40 m about the ground. After its released the sandbag is in free fall. A.) compute the position and velocity of the sandbag at .25 s and 1s after its release.


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BRIDGEWATER - Deadly methane gas emanating from a dairy farm's manure pit killed five people - a Mennonite farmer who climbed into the pit to unclog a pipe, and then, Thank you for reading!


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Bridgewater Dairy Manure produced by the cows at this Williams County dairy is collected in an anaerobic digester, where methane gas is produced. The methane gas is used to power generators capable of producing up to 1.2 megawatts of electricity. Ringler Farm. This Morrow County operation collects the manure from 7,000 hogs in an anaerobic digester to produce methane gas. The site is capable of producing up to 850 kilowatts of electricity. Wenning Poultry


5 killed in methane gas accident on Virginia dairy farm
Farmers typically take pains to ventilate manure pits where methane often gathers. A family member questioned whether cattle feed could have trickled into the pit and accelerated the formation of the gas.


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ARB Offset Credits Issued Table includes all offset credits issued including offset credits placed in ARB's Forest Buffer Account, offset credits returned to an Early Action Offset Programâs forest buffer pool, and offset credits subsequently invalidated.


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Bridgewater Dairy. Manure produced by the cows at this Williams County dairy is collected in an anaerobic digester, where methane gas is produced. The methane gas is used to power generators capable of producing up to 1.2 megawatts of electricity. Ringler Farm This Morrow County operation collects the manure from 7,000 hogs in an anaerobic digester to produce methane gas.


Compliance Offset Program
ARB Offset Credits Issued . Table includes all offset credits issued including offset credits placed in ARB's Forest Buffer Account, offset credits returned to an Early Action Offset Programâs forest buffer pool, and offset credits subsequently invalidated. ARB Project ID # Project Name Type of Protocol Offset Project Operator Project Type Project


5 killed in methane gas accident on Virginia dairy farm
Poisonous fumes accumulated in manure pit. BRIDGEWATER, Va. -- Deadly methane gas emanating from a dairy farm's manure pit killed five people: a Mennonite farmer who climbed into the pit to unclog a pipe, and then in a frantic rescue attempt that failed, his wife, two young daughters, and a farmhand who tried to help. They all climbed into the pit to help, Sheriff Donald Farley said.


Compliance Offset Program
Last Updated: August 9, 2017. ARB Offset Credits Issued. Table includes all offset credits issued including offset credits placed in ARB's Forest Buffer Account, offset credits. returned to an Early Action Offset Programâs forest buffer pool, and offset credits subsequently invalidated.


Accident kills 5 on Bridgewater dairy farm
BRIDGEWATER - Deadly methane gas emanating from a dairy farm's manure pit killed five people - a Mennonite farmer who climbed into the pit to unclog a pipe, and then, in frantic rescue attempts that failed, his wife, two young daughters and a farmhand.


10 Innovations That Built Ancient Rome
Perhaps most impressive of all, Roman aqueducts were so well built that some are still in use to this day. Romeâs famous Trevi Fountain, for instance, is supplied by a restored version of the Aqua Virgo, one of ancient Romeâs 11 aqueducts.


Ancient Roman Recipes
In Brazil, for example, these types of sausage are today called linguica. Ancient Roman Lucanian Sausage Recipe. Pepper is ground with cumin, savory, rue, parsley, condiments, bay berries, and garum. Finely ground meat is mixed in, then ground again together with the other ground ingredients.


Garum
Garum was a fermented fish sauce used as a condiment in the cuisines of ancient Greece, Rome, and Byzantium. Liquamen was a similar preparation, and at times the two were synonymous. Although it enjoyed its greatest popularity in the Roman world, the sauce was earlier used by the Greeks.


Fish Sauce: An Ancient Roman Condiment Rises Again
Deena Prichep/NPR. Fish sauce â that funky, flavor-enhancing fermented condiment â is part of what gives Southeast Asian cooking its distinctive taste. But it turns out, this cornerstone of Eastern cooking actually has a long history on another continent: Europe. And it goes all the way back to the Roman Empire.


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Quick Answer. The main achievements of the Gupta Empire were in the fields of war, sculpture, painting, literature and architecture. This has led many people to describe the era as India's golden age.. Continue Reading.


10 Innovations That Built Ancient Rome
At its height, the Roman empire encompassed nearly 1.7 million square miles and included most of southern Europe. To ensure effective administration of this sprawling domain, the Romans built the most sophisticated system of roads the ancient world had ever seen.


Ancient Roman Recipes
To get a flavor, peruse these ancient recipes, most of which come from the Roman chef Apicius. We also include modern interpretations of these recipes from two books: A Taste of Ancient Rome by Ilaria Gozzini Giacosa and The Classical Cookbook by Andrew Dalby and Sally Grainger. Imagine yourself spending a luxurious day at a Roman bath, and as the Romans today say, buon appetito.


Fish Sauce: An Ancient Roman Condiment Rises Again
Fish Sauce: An Ancient Roman Condiment Rises Again. Fish Sauce: An Ancient Roman Condiment Rises Again. Ava Gene's, a Roman-inspired restaurant in Portland, Ore., incorporates colatura, a modern descendant of ancient Roman fish sauce, into several of its dishes.


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Pelican Strike 100X Angler Kayak. The Strike 100x Angler from Pelican Premium is a fantastic all-around kayak. You don't have to be an angler to enjoy it-but it sure does help! I have to say we enjoyed the heck out of our review model for the better part of the past two months.


Pelican Strike 100X Angler Kayak
The Strike 100x Angler from Pelican Premium is a fantastic all-around kayak. You don't have to be an angler to enjoy it-but it sure does help! I have to say we enjoyed the heck out of our review model for the better part of the past two months.


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The Pelican Liberty 100X kayak has been designed to keep pace with you as you refine and improve your kayaking skills. Pelican Liberty 100X Kayak is an easy to store and comfortable to transport kayak, which is composed of features that are more advanced than others found in novice kayaks.


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asked 6 years, 4 months ago. on Pelican Maxim 100X Fish Kayak, 10-ft. by. Anonymous. 6 answers. Answers. answer 1. Good for calm and with the spray skirt (it you can get the skirt to fit) it will track well in larger waves.


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is this kayak good in big waves or just used for calm days on the lake. asked 6 years, 4 months ago. on Pelican Maxim 100X Fish Kayak, 10-ft. by. Anonymous. 6 answers. Answers. answer 1. Good for calm and with the spray skirt (it you can get the skirt to fit) it will track well in larger waves.


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The Pulse 100X Angler kayak replaces the older model Pursuit 100 Angler Kayak. The spray skirt that comes with the newer Pulse 100X is the same one that fits the older Pursuit and does not fit the Pulse very well (not at all at times).


Pelican Strike 100X Angler Kayak
As an added bonus â The Strike 100x Angler as well as all other Pelican Premium kayaks feature a limited lifetime warranty on their hulls. Other components and accessories are warranted for one year.


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Date:July 2, 2012 . The Pulse 100X Angler kayak replaces the older model Pursuit 100 Angler Kayak. The spray skirt that comes with the newer Pulse 100X is the same one that fits the older Pursuit and does not fit the Pulse very well (not at all at times).


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The Premium Liberty 100X from Pelican is a sit-in best fishing kayak like no other. This recreational kayak is designed for beginners and intermediate paddlers, as it models itself to meet your current skill level and advances as you advance.


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asked 5 years, 2 months ago. on Pelican Maxim 100X Fish Kayak, 10-ft. by. Anonymous. 6 answers. Answers. answer 1. You get a 4 prong anchor (about 3 lbs). The prongs fold up to the shaft and the whole thing slips into a storage bag.


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Units. Be sure to only add similar units. For example, you cannot add inches to feet. For example, if you need to find the perimeter of a rectangle with sides of 9 inches and 1 foot, you must first change to the same units.perimeter = 2 (a + b) INCORRECT perimeter = 2(9 + 1) = 2*10 = 20 CORRECT perimeter = 2(9 inches + 1 foot) = 2(3/4 foot + 1 foot) = 2(1 3/4 feet) = 3 1/2 feet.Perimeter Formulas.nits. Be sure to only add similar units. For example, you cannot add inches to feet. For example, if you need to find the perimeter of a rectangle with sides of 9 inches and 1 foot, you must first change to the same units.


Square Calculator
Square Calculator. Use this square calculator to find the side length, diagonal length, perimeter or area of a geometric square. Given any 1 variable you can calculate the other 3 unknowns. * Units: Note that units of length are shown for convenience. They do not affect the calculations.quare Calculator. Use this square calculator to find the side length, diagonal length, perimeter or area of a geometric square. Given any 1 variable you can calculate the other 3 unknowns. * Units: Note that units of length are shown for convenience. They do not affect the calculations.


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Find the perimeter and the area of the rectangle or square with thegiven dimensions. 3. l 12 inches, w 4 inches 4. l 9 meters, w 7 meters5. s 7 centimeters 6. s 2 centimeters7. Art A rectangular painting has a width of 4 feet and a length of 7 feet.Find the perimeter and the area of the painting.. 4.5. Find the perimeter and the area of a rectangle that has a length of 6 inches and a width of 4 inches.2 m 11 ft6 m Y our turn now Lesson 1.6 Perimeter and Area 33 Find the perimeter of the rectangle or square. 1. 2.8 cm1 in.7 in.


Perimeter
Taking the following square with side length 6 inches, calculate the perimeter. In order to calculate perimeter, you need to add together the lengths of all four sides of the square. You are given the length of one side. Remember, all sides of a square are equal, so really you already have the measures of each side.Then, you add them together, so 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24 inches.. In order to find the perimeter of Michelleâs garden, we have to add together all four sides. We know that two sides are 4 feet long, and the other two sides are 6 feet long. Therefore, we can solve the addition problem: 4 + 4 + 6 + 6 = 20 feet. Our answer is that the perimeter of her garden is 20 feet.


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The perimeter is the sum of the lengths of all four sides or 2w + 2l = 2(4) + 2(8) = 24. In order to solve problems which require application of the area and perimeter for rectangles, it is necessary to. 1  use basic formulas for area and perimeter of a rectangle.he perimeter is the sum of the lengths of all four sides or 2w + 2l = 2(4) + 2(8) = 24. In order to solve problems which require application of the area and perimeter for rectangles, it is necessary to. 1  use basic formulas for area and perimeter of a rectangle.


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Find the area of this square. There are different units for perimeter and area The perimeter has the same units as the length of the sides of rectangle or square whereas the area's unit is squared. Video lesson: Calculate the perimeter and the area in feet. 1  Pre-Algebra.2  Algebra 1. 3  Algebra 2.4  Geometry.5  Sat.ind the area of this square. There are different units for perimeter and area The perimeter has the same units as the length of the sides of rectangle or square whereas the area's unit is squared. Video lesson: Calculate the perimeter and the area in feet. 1  Pre-Algebra. 2  Algebra 1.


A Complete Step-by-Step For Binding Quilts & Throws
Perimeter of a Rectangle. Taking the following rectangle with length 8 inches and width 4 inches, calculate the perimeter. In order to calculate perimeter, you need to add together the lengths of all four sides of the rectangle.. In order to find the perimeter of Michelleâs garden, we have to add together all four sides. We know that two sides are 4 feet long, and the other two sides are 6 feet long. Therefore, we can solve the addition problem: 4 + 4 + 6 + 6 = 20 feet. Our answer is that the perimeter of her garden is 20 feet.


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Since the base and the height of a square are the same length, the area of a square with side length s is s*s, or A = s2. 2. Find the square root of the area. The square root of the area will give you the length of one of the sides of the square.etermine the length of one side, and multiply it by 4 to find the perimeter. Depending on the assignment, you may need to measure the side with a ruler, or look at other information on the page to determine the side length.


Can you paint oil over acrylic?
When you are working in oils over a bought prepared canvas, you are probably working over an acrylic foundation. The canvas is covered in a gesso type preparation that uses an acrylic binder. The oil paint adheres as there is porosity in the base preparation and this is considered very stable.


What kind of paint should I use to paint over an existing canvas painting?
It depends on the type of paint used in the existing painting. If it is an oil painting, you will need to use oil based paint. If it is a water based medium, like acrylic, use a water based paint. Gesso will work well for this. It is inexpensive, opaque and will help level the texture of the existing painting. You may want to lightly sand the painting before painting over.


Acrylic paint
Oil paint has a higher pigment load than acrylic paint. As linseed oil contains a smaller molecule than acrylic paint, oil paint is able to absorb substantially more pigment. Oil provides a refractive index that is less clear than acrylic dispersions, which imparts a unique look and feel to the resultant paint film.


Acrylic Paint On Fabric: The Easiest Way To Make And Use It
Here are the different ways to heat-set acrylic-based paint: 1  Using An Iron: Do not use steam, this will ruin your paint. 2  In The Oven: You can heat-set with an oven, but be extremely careful.  In The Dryer: The dryer takes the longest amount of time, 40-50 minutes, but itâs very easy.


Acrylic paint
As early as 1934, the first usable acrylic resin dispersion was developed by German chemical company BASF, which was patented by Rohm and Haas. The synthetic paint was first used in the 1940s, combining some of the properties of oil and watercolor. Between 1946 and 1949, Leonard Bocour and Sam Golden invented a solution acrylic paint under the brand Magna paint. These were mineral spirit-based paints.


Acrylic Paint On Fabric: The Easiest Way To Make And Use It
A Few Ways You Can Use It. Once you have your acrylic mixed to a fabric-specific consistency, you can use it to do just about anything. There are a few things to keep in mind that will make the experience even better. First, once the paint is mixed, it will take a long, long time to dry.


What kind of paint should I use to paint over an existing canvas painting?
I disagree with him about using acrylic or gesso over an existing oil painting. The painting will not last. Modern gesso is acrylic based. Traditional gesso is water based and won't stick either. Of course you can do what ever you want.


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Only a proper acrylic gesso should be used to prime canvas in preparation for painting with acrylic paints. However, acrylic paint can be applied to a raw canvas if so desired without any negative effect or chemical reaction (the case with oil paint).


Acrylic Paint On Fabric: The Easiest Way To Make And Use It
There are several ways you can do this, the most popular being a clothes iron. As with any of these methods, be careful not to scorch or burn your fabric. Here are the different ways to heat-set acrylic-based paint: Using An Iron: Do not use steam, this will ruin your paint. You also want to turn off any automatic settings. Set the iron to a medium setting, or even lower for delicate fabrics. Then iron as you normally would, gently, for 3-5 minutes.


Packing for Alaska; Or, How's the Weather Up There?
The Alaska cruise season is underway, and if you're anything like my wife -- all set to take her first Alaska cruise this very week -- there's one big question distressing your soul: What should I wear?. I can understand her problem.


Packing for Alaska; Or, How's the Weather Up There?
June is the driest of the three true summer months, July the warmest (and also the busiest), and August the month where you'll usually experience the most rain. Rainy weather usually continues into September, though I've sailed here as the season wrapped up and had sunny days all week long.


Alaska Temperatures
Temperatures reach the 80Â°F to 85Â°F range nearly every year, chiefly in June, July, and August. Yet, it is not unusual for daily maximum readings to remain in the 50s during the summer months. In Juneau, the state capitol, extremes include a maximum of 89Â°F in July to a minimum of -22Â°F in February.


Packing for Alaska; Or, How's the Weather Up There?
1 If you tend to get chilly, you might add a light scarf as well. For days when the sun in shining, you might also opt for  . . . A sun hat and sunscreen: The sun can be deceptive up here, but you can definitely get a burn if you're doing a lot of active shore excursions or spending a lot of time on deck whale-watching.


Alaska Temperatures
Temperatures and climate vary dramatically in Alaska. Many weather-related myths surround Alaskaâs temperatures and climate. One of the most common is that Alaska temperatures in summer are cool. In fact, like much of the United States, Alaska has four seasons and weather records at both ends of the thermometer. Alaskaâs summers are warm with temperatures that can reach into the 90Â°s.


Alaska Weather
Alaska is our country's northern most state. It's above Canada and close to the North Pole. The cruise ships visit places with lots of ice and you can take tours which give you the opportunity to go dog-sledding or trek across a glacier. With this said, you would expect it to be very cold in Alaska. It can be, but not really in the May - September Alaska Cruise Season. Temperatures in Alaska vary based on the time of year and the port or city you are visiting. The weather off the ship is unpredictable but here are the average daily high temperature in Alaska major ports and cities: Average Temperature.


Do Food Expiration Dates Really Matter?
Do Food Expiration Dates Really Matter? Experts provide a guide to the variety of confusing 'freshness' dates on food. You open the fridge, drag out the cottage cheese, check for fur, and if there isn't any, you say, Honey? This is not, however, the approved method of checking for freshness.


Credit Card Expiration Dates Are Obsolete
Credit Card Expiration Dates Are Obsolete. Big players in the U.S. consumer-sales industry have informal agreements with credit-card issuers that allow charges to be made to consumers' cards without specifying the expiration month and year.


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You may also want to purchase a gift card for yourself from a business that you patronize regularly. This legal guide answers common questions about gift certificates and gift cards sold after January 1, 2004, with respect to California law.


Gift Cards and Gift Certificates Statutes and Legislation
Â§4-88-703(a) and (c) A person shall not sell or issue a gift certificate, a store gift card, or a general use prepaid card that is subject to an expiration date earlier than two years from the date of issuance or sale of the gift certificate, store gift card, or general use prepaid card.


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Certain gift certificates or gift cards sold after January 1, 1998, are not subject to any of the rules discussed here. To be exempt, these gift certificates or gift cards must contain an expiration date, if any, in capital letters in at least 10-point type on the front of the card and must be either: Distributed by the issuer to a consumer without charge under an awards, loyalty or promotional program; or.


Do Food Expiration Dates Really Matter?
Learn the Lingo of Expiration Dates. This brings us to terminology. The actual term Expiration Date refers to the last date a food should be eaten or used. Last means last -- proceed at your own risk. Other, more commonly spotted terms are: Sell by date. The labeling sell by tells the store how long to display the product for sale.


Credit Card Expiration Dates Are Obsolete
Most consumers think their credit card expiration dates -- the month and year in which their cards are supposed to be renewed -- are a sacrosant security feature, without which a business can't process a payment.


Why Gift Cards Expire
Expiration date. There is one other significant difference between gift certificates and gift cards: Gift cards expire. Typically, a gift card retains its full value for a year or two. After that, a service charge or maintenance fee kicks in. Each month, the card loses a few dollars or a few percent of its value, until it becomes worthless. It's isn't obvious why companies do this; it hardly seems worth the bad PR.


Credit Card Expiration Dates Are Obsolete
Most surprisingly, this end run around expiration dates is little known by most businesses. The procedure is so new it isn't written down anywhere in credit-card regulations. The process exists only as an understanding between card issuers and a few companies that know how the system works.


Treatment of SI Joint Pain
The first SI joint pain treatment suggested to most patients is rest and ice/cold pack therapy on the affected side in 15 to 20 minute intervals, especially when symptoms are acute or the onset of pain is sudden.


Sacroiliac Joint Injury Treatment & Management
The first 10 days are considered the acute phase. If symptoms do not resolve, days 10-180 are considered the subacute phase. Pain lasting longer than 6 months is considered the chronic phase. Physical therapy focuses on pain control in the acute phase.


Sacroiliac Joint Pain Relief
STEP 2 - Sacroiliac Joint Pain Relief. The second group of muscles that could be causing your sacroiliac joint pain are actually on the front of your back.. One muscle called your iliacus wraps the inside of your pelvis. The second muscle called you psoas (the filet mignon in a cow!) runs along each side of your spine. Here's what we're going to do:


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Things You'll Need. Sleeping. Lying in bed can be the most difficult time for someone suffering for sacroiliac joint pain. They can not lie on the sore side and in most cases, can not lie on their back or stomach because rising from a back or stomach position can send sharp pain to the sore hip.


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The sacroiliac joint is the intersection between the pelvis and the lower spine. Injury, misalignment, hormonal changes and inflammation can contribute to... Tips on Sleeping With SI Dysfunction The sacroiliac (SI) joint connects your pelvis to your spine.


Sacroiliac Joint Injury Treatment & Management
Medical interventions. Often, oral medications can be quite effective in the acute phase. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used judiciously in this phase, often with good results. In the first 24-72 hours, a muscle relaxant can be quite effective if a myofascial component to the pain is present.


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Sacro Iliac Joint Sprains. The sacroiliac joint(s) is an amazingly complex joint. It is formed by the sacrum and. its connection or articulation to the iliac bones or pelvis. It is a compound joint, where the. two joints can act at times as one joint or sometimes only as a right or left side. This is.


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Causes of SI joint Dysfunction. Hypomobility /fixation: Pain on one side of the lower back/ buttocks radiating all the way down along your leg. It can go down to your ankle and feet or stay above the knees. The pain is very similar to sciatica.


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Hypermobility/ too much movement: Pain in the lower back and lower buttock area. Hypomobility /fixation: Pain on one side of the lower back/ buttocks radiating all the way down along your leg. It can go down to your ankle and feet or stay above the knees. The pain is very similar to sciatica.


Sacroiliac Joint Injury Treatment & Management
A relatively more recent procedure, radiofrequency denervation, has been advocated for the treatment of especially recalcitrant sacroiliac dysfunction.The procedure was thought to be ineffective for SIJ pain because the innervation to the joint is so diffuse.


Calories in Kraft Fat Free French Dressing
Calories in Kraft Fat Free French Dressing. Calories in Kraft Fat Free French Dressing. *Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. Some of these foods were entered by users and are subject to error.


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180 calories and 280 mg of sodium make this dressing the unhealthiest ranch dressing out there. Nutrition Information for 2 tablespoons: Calories: 180 Fat: 20 g Sodium: 280 mg Average Price: $3.19 America's Favorite Salads--10 RecipesCredit: itemmaster.com.


How to Reduce Calories in Ranch Dressing
Calories in Ranch Dressing. According to CalorieCount.com there are 16 grams of fat and 148 calories in ranch salad dressing, although the exact number can vary slightly depending on the brand that you buy and whether or not you make it at home.


How many calories are there inDressing, honey mustard, fat-free?
However, for the most accurate nutritional information possible, weigh your exact serving on a to find out its exact weight (in either grams or ounces). Then, enter that amount in as the serving size. This option will ensure that the nutrition facts shown are 100% accurate for your specific amount of Dressing, honey mustard, fat-free.


How to Reduce Calories in Ranch Dressing
Your salad can top 700 calories or even more. If you want to cut calories in your salad, swap ranch dressing for a lower calorie alternative. You can purchase a lower fat version of ranch dressing that you find in the grocery store. But often, low fat salad dressings contain hidden sugar.


Calories in Fat Free Italian Dressing
Calories in Fat Free Italian Dressing. Calories in Subway Fat Free Italian Dressing (2 oz.) *Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. Some of these foods were entered by users and are subject to error.


The Healthiest and Unhealthiest Salad Dressings
Further, most people tend to ignore their salad dressing's reported serving size, which is usually only two tablespoons. If the only way you can enjoy a salad is by drenching it in a cup of dressing, then you may not be getting the healthiest lunch you can. Click here to see The Healthiest Salad Dressings.


Salad Dressing Nutrition Facts
Look for salad dressing that has no more than about 100 calories (preferably less) in a single two tablespoon serving. This is roughly the same amount of calories in two teaspoons of oil. You also want to find a salad dressing that has the lowest sodium content.


How many calories are there inDressing, honey mustard, fat-free?
Here you will find the full nutrition facts for Dressing, honey mustard, fat-free including calories, protein, carbs, fat and much more. To make sure you are viewing the most accurate nutrition information possible, select a serving size that best represents the actual amount that you are eating. To do this, a Calorie Counter gives you two options.


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Popular Calories Burned Searches: 1  Calories Burned For Video: 14-Minute Cardio Dance Workout from Hemalayaa's Bollywood Burn DVD. 2  Calories Burned For Nordic Walking (with poles): 2 mph (30 minutes per mile) 3  Calories Burned For Nordic Walking (with poles): 2.5 mph (24 minutes per mile)


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great britain is made up of scotland england and wales where as britain is just england and wales the name britain goes back to roman times when they called england and wales britannia or britannia major to distinguished from britannia minor ie brittany in france hundred years later the act of union of 1801 joined ireland to great britain and the name united kingdom of great britain and ireland was first used since 1921 only northern ireland has been part of the united kingdom and so the name changed


Geography of Great Britain
9 there are several large cities on the island of great britain but the largest is london the capital of england and the united kingdom other large cities include birmingham bristol glasgow edinburgh leeds liverpool and manchester10 great britain s united kingdom has the third largest economy in europe satellite image of the british isles with great britain on the right east and ireland on the left west only northern ireland is part of the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland


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the island is part of the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland constituting most of its territory most of england scotland and wales are on the island with their respective capital cities london edinburgh and cardiffreat britain also known as britain ËbrÉª tÉn is an island in the north atlantic off the north west coast of continental europe with an area of 209331 km 2 80823 sq mi it is the largest island in europe and the ninth largest in the world


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1 britain britain or great britain consists of england scotland and wales the united kingdom consists of england scotland wales and northern ireland the british isles refers to britain ireland and all the smaller islands around the coastritain a monarchy in northwestern europe occupying most of the british isles divided into england and scotland and wales and northern ireland great britain is often used loosely to refer to the united kingdom


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britain or great britain consists of england scotland and wales the united kingdom consists of england scotland wales and northern irelandthe british isles refers to britain ireland and all the smaller islands around the coastritain a monarchy in northwestern europe occupying most of the british isles divided into england and scotland and wales and northern ireland great britain is often used loosely to refer to the united kingdom


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the official name of the uk is the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland the name refers to the union of what were once four separate nations england scotland wales and ireland though most of ireland is now independentthe united kingdom is made up ofhe official name of the uk is the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland the name refers to the union of what were once four separate nations england scotland wales and ireland though most of ireland is now independent the united kingdom is made up of


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geographically england includes the central and southern two thirds of the island of great britain plus such offshore islands as the isle of wight and the isles of scilly it is bordered by two other countries of the united kingdom to the north by scotland and to the west by walesngland is closer to the european continent than any other part of mainland britain it is separated from france by a 21 mile 34 km sea gap though the two countries are connected by the channel tunnel near folkestone england also has shores on the irish sea north sea and atlantic ocean


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great britain is very often but incorrectly used as a synonym for the sovereign state properly known as the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland uk the uk includes great britain and northern irelandgreat britain united kingdom great britain is a political term which describes the combination of england scotland and wales the three nations which together include all the land on the island hundred years later the act of union of 1801 joined ireland to great britain and the name united kingdom of great britain and ireland was first used since 1921 only northern ireland has been part of the united kingdom and so the name changed


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a satellite image of the british isles with great britain on the right east and ireland on the left west only northern ireland is part of the united kingdom of great britain and northern irelandthe remainder of ireland is an independent country satellite image of the british isles with great britain on the right east and ireland on the left west only northern ireland is part of the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland


England
england is closer to the european continent than any other part of mainland britain it is separated from france by a 21 mile 34 km sea gap though the two countries are connected by the channel tunnel near folkestone england also has shores on the irish sea north sea and atlantic oceanngland is closer to the european continent than any other part of mainland britain it is separated from france by a 21 mile 34 km sea gap though the two countries are connected by the channel tunnel near folkestone england also has shores on the irish sea north sea and atlantic ocean


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Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Women. Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Women or Cigarettes, whisky et p'tites pÃ©pÃ©es is a 1959 French comedy film, directed by Maurice RÃ©gamey.


Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Women
Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Women. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Women or Cigarettes, whisky et p'tites pÃ©pÃ©es is a 1959 French comedy film, directed by Maurice RÃ©gamey.


Cigarettes, Whiskey & Wild, Wild Women Lyrics
Cigareets and whuskey and wild wild women. They'll drive you crazy they'll drive you insane. Cigareets and whuskey and wild wild women. They'll drive you crazy they'll drive you insane. Once I was happy and had a good wife I had enough money to last me for life. I met with a gal and we went on a spree she taught me to smoke and drink whusky.


Buck Owens Lyrics
Cigareets Whusky And Wild Wild Women. Once I was happy and had a good wife. I had enough money to last me for life. I met with a gal and we went on a spree. She taught me to smoke and drink whusky. [Chorus:] Cigarettes, whusky and wild, wild women. They'll drive you crazy, they'll drive you insane. Cigarettes, whusky and wild, wild women. They'll drive you crazy, they'll drive you insane.


Log 69: Cigarettes, Cars, and Wild, Wild Women
Log 69: Cigarettes, Cars, and Wild, Wild Women. Reed and Malloy work to break up an auto theft ring, where pretty mini-skirted women bait young motorists into giving them a ride, steal their cars and take them to a local chop-shop for disassembly (to sell the parts on the black market).


Cigarettes and whiskey and.......?
Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Wild Women. Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Wild Women. (Tim Spencer) cho: Cigarettes, whiskey and wild wild women. They'll drive you crazy, they'll drive you insane;


Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Women
To bail out their club on the French Riviera, a group of young and pretty sports do not hesitate to exploit whiskey and cigarettes found in the cellar during resounding celebrations.


Cigarettes and whiskey and.......?
Best Answer: Cigarettes, Whiskey and Wild Wild Women is a song Written by Tim Spencer and Performed by the great Jim Croce... A fire's on one end, a fools on the t'other. For women and whiskey here lies a poor slave.


Log 69: Cigarettes, Cars, and Wild, Wild Women
Malloy and Reed investigate a series of car thefts involving flustered, embarrassed male victims and scantily clad teenage girls working a strip joint for muscle cars.


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Chyme slowly passes through the pyloric sphincter and into the duodenum, where the extraction of nutrients begins. Depending on the quantity and contents of the meal, the stomach will digest the food into chyme in anywhere between 40 minutes to a few hours.ith a pH of approximately 2, chyme emerging from the stomach is very acidic. The duodenum secretes a hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK), which causes the gall bladder to contract, releasing alkaline bile into the duodenum.


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Chyme is produced in the stomach. It is the term given to food in the stomach which has been partly digested by enzymes there.1 person found this useful.Edit. Share to:t is produced by mixing food from the oesophagus with acids from the stomach to produce a thick semi-liquid.


chyme
chyme. the semifluid, homogeneous, creamy or gruel-like material produced by action of the gastric juice on ingested food in the stomach and discharged through the pylorus into the duodenum.hyme. [kÄ«m]. Etymology: Gk, chymos, juice. the viscous, semifluid contents of the stomach present during digestion of a meal. Chyme then passes through the pylorus into the duodenum, where further digestion occurs.


What is Chyme?
You won't believe these 10 facts about people. Chyme is the partially digested mass of food that is forced into the small intestine. It has a low Ph balance that is countered by the production of bile, helping to further digest food.Chyme combined with bile ultimately is secreted from the body in the form of bowel movements.hen chyme enters the small intestine, it actually stimulates the production of bile to break down remaining food masses. Depending upon the make-up of the material, larger amounts of bile may be released into the stomach.


chyme
With a pH of approximately 2, chyme emerging from the stomach is very acidic. The duodenum secretes a hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK), which causes the gall bladder to contract, releasing alkaline bile into the duodenum.CCK also causes the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas.ith a pH of approximately 2, chyme emerging from the stomach is very acidic. The duodenum secretes a hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK), which causes the gall bladder to contract, releasing alkaline bile into the duodenum.


chyme
chyme. [kÄ«m]. Etymology: Gk, chymos, juice. the viscous, semifluid contents of the stomach present during digestion of a meal. Chyme then passes through the pylorus into the duodenum, where further digestion occurs.The mass of partially digested food goo that passes from the pylorus to the duodenum.hyme. [kÄ«m]. Etymology: Gk, chymos, juice. the viscous, semifluid contents of the stomach present during digestion of a meal. Chyme then passes through the pylorus into the duodenum, where further digestion occurs.


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Bolus is the food that is mashed up in your mouth. After it is digested in the stomach, the food is called chyme. Bolus is more alkaline than chyme because it is exposed to a â¦ lkaline saliva. Teeth and saliva turn food into bolus. It is then swallowed and passes through the esophagus into the stomach.Chyme has a higher acidity content than bolus because it was exposed to hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Chyme enters the small intestine after digestion in the stomach. 69 people found this useful.eeth and saliva turn food into bolus. It is then swallowed and passes through the esophagus into the stomach. Chyme has a higher acidity content than bolus because it was exposed to hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Chyme enters the small intestine after digestion in the stomach. 69 people found this useful.