"Legislation enacted by the federal and various state governments to regulate trade and commerce by preventing unlawful restraints, price-fixing, and monopolies, to promote competition, and to encourage the production of quality goods and services at the lowest prices, with the primary goal of safeguarding public welfare by ensuring that consumer demands will be met by the manufacture and sale of goods at reasonable prices.Antitrust law seeks to make businesses compete fairly. It has had a serious effect on business practices and the organization of U.S. industry. Premised on the belief that free trade benefits the economy, businesses, and consumers alike, the law forbids several types of restraint of trade and monopolization. These fall into four main areas: agreements between competitors, contractual arrangements between sellers and buyers, the pursuit or maintenance of monopoly power, and mergers.The Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 1 et seq.) is the basis for antitrust law, and many states have modeled their own statutes upon it. As weaknesses in the Sherman Act became evident, Congress added amendments to it at various times through 1950. The most important are the Clayton Act of 1914 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 12 et seq.) and the Robinson-Patman Act of 1936 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§ 13 et seq.). Congress also created a regulatory agency to administrate and enforce the law, under the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§Â§ 41--58). In an ongoing analysis influenced by economic, intellectual, and political changes, the U.S. Supreme Court has had the leading role in shaping how these laws are applied.Enforcement of antitrust law depends largely on two agencies, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which may issue cease and desist orders to violators, and the U.S. Department of Justice's Antitrust Division, which can litigate. Private parties may also bring civil suits. Violations of the Sherman Act are felonies carrying fines of up to $10 million for corporations, and fines of up to $350,000 and prison sentences of up to three years for persons. The federal government, states, and individuals can collect triple the amount of damages they have suffered as a result of injuries.Origins Antitrust law originated in reaction to a public outcry over trusts, which were late-nineteenth-century corporate monopolies that dominated U.S. manufacturing and mining. Trusts took their name from the quite legal device of business incorporation called trusteeship, which consolidated control of industries by transferring stock in exchange for trust certificates. The practice grew out of necessity. Twenty-five years after the Civil War, rapid industrialization had blessed and cursed business. Markets expanded and productivity grew, but output exceeded demand and competition sharpened. Rivals sought greater security and profits in cartels (mutual agreements to fix prices and control output). Out of these arrangements sprang the trusts. From sugar to whiskey to beef to tobacco, the process of merger and consolidation brought entire industries under the control of a few powerful people. Oil and steel, the backbone of the nation's heavy industries, lay in the hands of the corporate giants John D. Rockefeller and J. P. Morgan. The trusts could fix prices at any level. If a competitor entered the market, the trusts would sell their goods at a loss until the competitor went out of business and then raise prices again. By the 1880s, abuses by the trusts brought demands for reform.History gave only contradictory direction to the reformers. Before the eighteenth century, common law concerned itself with contracts, combinations, and conspiracies that resulted in restraint of free trade, but it did little about them. English courts generally let restrictive contracts stand because they did not consider themselves suited to judging adequacy or fairness. Over time, courts looked more closely into both the purpose and the effect of any restraint of trade. The turning point came in 1711 with the establishment of the basic standard for judging close cases, ""the rule of reason."" Courts asked whether the goal of a contract was a general restraint of competition ( naked restraint) or particularly limited in time and geography  ( ancillary restraint ). Naked restraints were unreasonable, but ancillary restraints were often acceptable. Exceptions to the rule grew as the economic philosophy of laissez-faire  (meaning ""let the people do what they please"") spread its doctrine of noninterference in business. As rival businesses formed cartels to fix prices and control output, the late-eighteenth-century English courts often nodded in approval.By the time the U.S. public was complaining about the trusts, common law in U.S. courts was somewhat tougher on restraint of trade. Yet it was still contradictory. The courts took two basic views of cartels: tolerant and condemning. The first view accepted cartels as long as they did not stop other merchants from entering the market. It used the rule of reason to determine this, and put a high premium on the freedom to enter contracts. Businesses and contracts mattered. Consumers, who suffered from price-fixing, were irrelevant; the wisdom of the market would protect them from exploitation. The second view saw cartels as thoroughly bad. It reserved the rule of reason only for judging more limited ancillary restrictions. Given these competing views, which varied from state to state, no comprehensive common law could be said to exist. But one approach was destined to win out.The Sherman Act and Early Enforcement In 1890, Congress took aim at the trusts with passage of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, named for Senator John Sherman (R-Ohio). It went far beyond the common law's refusal to enforce certain offensive contracts. Clearly persuaded by the more restrictive view that saw great harm in restraint of trade, the Sherman Act outlawed trusts altogether. The landmark law had two sections. Section 1 broadly banned group action in agreements, forbidding "" [e]very contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy,"" that restrained interstate or foreign trade. Section 2 banned individuals from monopolizing or trying to monopolize. Violations of either section were punishable by a maximum fine of $50,000 and up to one year in jail. The Sherman Act passed by nearly unanimous votes in both houses of Congress.Although sweeping in its language, the Sherman Act soon revealed its limitations. Congress had wanted action even though it did not know what steps to take. Historians would later dispute what its precise aims had been, but clearly the lawmakers intended courts to play the leading role in promoting competition and attacking monopolization: judges would make decisions as cases arose, slowly developing a body of opinions that would replace the confusing precedents of state courts. For a public expecting overnight change, the process worked all too slowly. President Grover Cleveland's Justice Department, which disliked the Sherman Act, made little effort to enforce it.Initial setbacks also came from the Supreme Court's first consideration of the statute, in United States v. E. C. Knight Co., 156 U.S. 1, 15 S. Ct. 249, 39 L. Ed. 325 (1895). Rejecting a challenge to a sugar trust that controlled over 98 percent of the nation's sugar refining capacity, the Court held that manufacturing was not interstate commerce. This was good news for trusts. If manufacturing was exempt from the Sherman Act, then they had little to worry about. The Court only began strongly supporting use of the law in the late 1890s, starting with cases against railroad cartels. By 1904, some three hundred large companies still controlled nearly 40 percent of the nation's manufacturing assets and influenced at least 80 percent of its vital industries.After the turn of the twentieth century, federal enforcement picked up speed. President Theodore Roosevelt's announcement that he was a ""trustbuster"" predicted one important aspect of the future of antitrust enforcement: it would depend largely on political will from the executive branch of government. Roosevelt and his successor, President William Howard Taft, responded to public criticism over the rapid merger of even more industries by pursuing more vigorous legal action, and steady prosecution in the first decade of the twentieth century brought the downfall of trusts.In 1911, the Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of the Standard Oil Company and the American Tobacco Company in landmark rulings that brought down two of the most powerful industrial trusts. But these were ambiguous victories. In Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States, 221 U.S. 1, 31 S. Ct. 502, 55 L. Ed. 619, for example, the Court dissolved the trust into thirty-three companies, but held that the Sherman Act outlawed only restraints that were anticompetitive---subject, furthermore, to a rule of reason. Critics of all stripes jumped on this decision. Some feared that conservative judges would now gut the Sherman Act; others predicted a return to lax enforcement; and businesses worried that in the absence of specific unlawful restraints, the rule of reason gave courts too much freedom to read the law subjectively.Congressional Reform up to 1950 Dissatisfaction brought new federal laws in 1914. The first of these was the Clayton Act, which answered the criticism that the Sherman Act was too general. It declared four practices illegal but not criminal: (1) price discrimination---selling a product at different prices to similarly situated buyers; (2) tying and exclusive-dealing contracts---sales on condition that the buyer stop dealing with the seller's competitors; (3) corporate mergers---acquisitions of competing companies; and (4) interlocking directorates---boards of competing companies, with common members.Quick to hedge its bets, the Clayton Act qualified each of these prohibited activities. They were only illegal where the effect ""may be substantially to lessen competition"" or ""tend to create a monopoly."" This language was intentionally vague. Despite specifying different tests for violations, Congress still wanted the courts to make the difficult decisions. One important limitation was added: the Clayton Act exempted unions from the scope of antitrust law, refusing to treat human labor as a commodity.The second piece of federal legislation in 1914 was the Federal Trade Commission Act. Without attaching criminal penalties, the law provided that ""unfair methods of competition in or affecting commerce, and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce are hereby declared illegal."" This was more than a symbolic attempt to buttress the Sherman Act. The law also created a regulatory agency, the FTC, to interpret and enforce it. Lawmakers fearing judicial hostility to the Sherman Act saw the FTC as a body that would more closely follow their preferences. Originally, the commission was designed to issue prospective decrees and share responsibilities with the Antitrust Division of the Justice Department. Later court rulings would allow it greater latitude in attacking Sherman Act violations.These laws helped satisfy the short-term demand for tougher, more explicit action from Congress. Before long, antitrust enforcement would shift with the mood of the country. As World War I and the 1920s reversed the outlook of previous years, antitrust policy was characterized by the hands-off policies of President Calvin Coolidge, who declared, ""The business of America is business."" Economic trends created and supported this attitude; prosperity seemed a worthwhile reward. In this era, the Justice Department gave more attention to promoting fairness than it did to attacking restrictive practices and monopoly power. Although activities such as price-fixing still came under attack, other kinds of business cooperation flourished and even received official encouragement in the early years of the New Deal. This flirtation lasted a good fifteen years, intensifying after the stock market crash of 1929. Following what historians called the era of neglect, antitrust made a resurgence. In 1935, the Supreme Court struck down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's National Industrial Recovery Act, which coordinated industrywide output and pricing, in ALA Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495, 55 S. Ct. 837, 79 L. Ed. 1570. The decision radically affected New Deal--era policy. The following year, Congress passed the Robinson-Patman Act, an attempt to make sense of the Clayton Act's bans on price discrimination. The Robinson-Patman Act explicitly forbade forms of price discrimination, in order to protect small producers from extinction at the hands of larger competitors. By 1937, economic decline brought federal antitrust enforcement back with a vengeance, as Roosevelt's administration began an extensive investigation into monopolies. The effort resulted in more than eighty antitrust suits in 1940. One federal court case in this period, United States v. Aluminum Co. of America, 148 F.2d 416  (2d Cir. 1945) (hereinafter Alcoa ), changed antimonopoly law for years to come. Since the 1920s, the Supreme Court had looked skeptically on the role of a business's size in judging monopoly cases. In United States v. United States Steel Corp., 251 U.S. 417, 40 S. Ct. 293, 64 L. Ed. 343 (1920), it said, "" [T]he law does not make mere size an offense, or the existence of unexerted power an offense. It, we repeat, requires overt acts."" The decision weakened the monopoly ban of the Sherman Act. Rather than focus on abusive business conduct, Alcoa emphasized the role of market power. Judge Learned Hand wrote for the court, ""Many people believe that possession of unchallenged economic power deadens initiative, discourages thrift and depresses energy; that immunity from competition is a narcotic, and rivalry is a stimulant, to industrial progress; that the spur of constant stress is necessary to counteract an inevitable disposition to let well enough alone."" The standard that emerged from this decision applied a two-part test for determining illegal monopolization: the defendant (1) must possess monopoly power in a relevant market and (2) must have improperly used exclusionary acts to gain or protect that power.Congress added its last piece of important legislation in 1950 with the Celler-Kefauver Antimerger Act, addressing a weakness in the Clayton Act. Because only anticompetitive stock purchases had been forbidden, businesses would circumvent the Clayton Act by targeting the assets of their rivals. Supreme Court decisions had also undermined the law by allowing businesses to transfer stock purchases into assets before the government filed a complaint. The Celler-Kefauver amendment closed these loopholes.The Supreme Court and Evolving Doctrine Vigorous enforcement of antitrust legislation created an immense body of case law. After 1950, Supreme Court decisions did more than anything else to shape antitrust doctrine. Two competing outlooks emerged. One regarded markets as fragile, easily distorted by private firms, and readily correctable through public intervention. Economic efficiency mattered less, in this view, than the belief in the antitrust doctrine's ability to meet social and political goals. The opposing view saw business rivalry as generally healthy, doubted that public intervention could cure defects, and emphasized the self-correcting ability of markets to erode private restraints and private power. This outlook opposed the use of antitrust measures except to stop behavior that clearly harms the efficiency of business.The most aggressive doctrine was developed under Chief Justice Earl Warren. The Warren Court often saw the need for decentralized social, political, and economic power, a goal it put ahead of the ideal of economic efficiency. In 1962, its first ruling on the Celler-Kefauver Act, Brown Shoe Co. v. United States, 370 U.S. 294, 82 S. Ct. 1502, 8 L. Ed. 2d 510, held that a merger between two firms accounting for only five percent of total industry output violated the principal antimerger provision of the antitrust laws. Brown Shoe also reflected the Court's hostility toward vertical restraints  (restrictions imposed in contracts by the seller on the buyer, or vice versa).This aggressive trend peaked in 1967 in United States v. Arnold, Schwinn & Co., 388 U.S. 365, 87 S. Ct. 1856, 18 L. Ed. 2d 1249. Arnold concerned nonprice vertical restraints  (territorial or customer restrictions on the resale of goods). The majority ruled that such restraints were per se illegal---in other words, so harmful to competition that they need not be evaluated. In ensuing years, critics condemned the Court's use of ""per se"" tests to invalidate agreements between competitors or between sellers and buyers. The so-called Chicago school, led by scholars Robert H. Bork and Richard A. Posner, argued that some nonprice vertical restraints actually led to gains in economic efficiency. These ideas would soon take hold.By the mid-1970s, the Court backed off its robust interventionism. Two pivotal decisions came in 1977, including the most important since World War II, Continental TV v. GTE Sylvania, 433 U.S. 36, 97 S. Ct. 2549, 53 L. Ed. 2d 568. In a decisive departure from the previous decade's rulings, the Court abandoned its hostility toward efficiency. Now, for evaluating nonprice vertical restraints, it returned to the use of a rule of reason. Per se rules would remain influential, but economic analysis would be the primary tool in formulating and applying antitrust rules. The second powerful change in doctrine was Brunswick Corp. v. Pueblo Bowl-O-Mat, 429 U.S. 477, 97 S. Ct. 690, 50 L. Ed. 2d 701. Brunswick said antitrust laws ""were enacted for the `protection of competition, not competitors.' "" The irony was addressed to private antitrust litigants. If they wanted to sue, the Court said, they would have to prove ""antitrust injury."" This decision threw out the old view that the demise of individual firms was plainly bad for competition. Replacing it was the view that adverse effects to businesses are sometimes offset by gains in reduced costs and increased output. Increasingly, after Brunswick, the Supreme Court and lower courts would accept economic efficiency as a justification for dominant firms to defend their market position. By 1986, efficiency-based analysis was widely accepted in federal courts.Even against this restrictive background, explosive change occurred. The early 1980s saw the dramatic conclusion of a historic monopoly case against the telephone giant American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T)  ( United States v. American Telephone & Telegraph Co., 552 F. Supp. 131 [D.D.C. 1982], aff'd in Maryland v. United States, 460 U.S. 1001, 103 S. Ct. 1240, 75 L. Ed. 2d 472 [1983]). The Justice Department settled claims that AT&T had impeded competition in long-distance telephone service and telecommunications equipment. The result was the largest divestiture in history: a federal court severed the Bell System's operating companies and manufacturing arm (Western Electric) from AT&T, transforming the nation's telephone services. But the historic settlement was an exception to the political philosophy and level of enforcement that characterized the decade. As the 1980s were ending, the Justice Department dropped its thirteen-year suit against International Business Machines (IBM). This lengthy battle had sought to end IBM's dominance by breaking it up into four computer companies. Convinced that market forces had done the work for them, prosecutors gave up.Throughout the 1980s, political conservatism in federal enforcement complemented the Supreme Court's doctrine of nonintervention. The administration of President Ronald Reagan reduced the budgets of the FTC and the Department of Justice, leaving them with limited resources for enforcement. Enforcement efforts followed a restrictive agenda of prosecuting cases of output restrictions and large mergers of a horizontal nature (involving firms within the same industry and at the same level of production). Mergers of companies into conglomerates, on the other hand, were looked on favorably, and the years 1984 and 1985 produced the greatest increase in corporate acquisitions in the nation's history.As the Supreme Court strengthened requirements for evidence, injury, and the right to bring suit, antitrust cases became harder for plaintiffs to win. Most decisions in this period narrowed the reach of antitrust. A few rare exceptions, such as Aspen Skiing Co. v. Aspen Highlands Skiing Corp., 472 U.S. 585, 105 S. Ct. 2847, 86 L. Ed. 2d 467  (1985), which condemned a monopolist's unjustified refusal to deal with a rival, faintly recalled the tough outlook of the Warren Court. Nonintervention, however, took precedence. In the strongest example, Matsushita Electrical Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 106 S. Ct. 1348, 89 L. Ed. 2d 538 (1986), the majority dismissed allegations that Japanese television manufacturers had engaged in a twenty-year pricing conspiracy designed to drive U.S. electronics equipment manufacturers out of business. The Court discouraged claims that rested on ambiguous circumstantial evidence or lacked ""economic rationality,"" suggesting that lower courts settle these by summary judgment (judicial decision without a trial).The 1990s Once again proving that antitrust law never remains static, the late 1980s and early 1990s brought more changes in enforcement, economic analysis, and court doctrine. At the state level in the late 1980s, governments attacked mergers and restraints. The Supreme Court gave these efforts support in California v. American Stores Co., 495 U.S. 271, 110 S. Ct. 1853, 109 L. Ed. 2d 240 (1990), upholding the ability of state governments to break up illegal mergers. Another trend came again from academia, where, for years, critics of the Chicago school had been reevaluating its highly influential efficiency model. They concluded that a proper analysis of efficiency goals showed that efficiency demanded tighter antitrust controls, not stubborn nonintervention.An important 1992 Supreme Court case seemed to support this view. Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Technical Services, 504 U.S. 451, 112 S. Ct. 2072, 119 L. Ed. 2d 265 (hereinafter Kodak ), concerned tying arrangements  (contracts between buyer and seller that restrict competition) in the sale and service of photocopiers. Kodak sold replacement parts only to buyers who agreed to have Kodak exclusively service the machines, and the restriction prompted a lawsuit from eighteen independent service organizations (ISOs). The company defended itself by arguing that even if it did monopolize the market, it lacked the necessary market power for a Sherman Act violation. The Court rejected the idea that this was enough to create a legal rule that equipment competition precluded any finding of monopoly power in the parts and services industry. In declaring Kodak's arrangement illegal, Justice Harry A. Blackmun warned about the dangers of relying on economic theory as a substitute for ""actual market realities""---in this case, the harm done to ISOs who were shut out of the service market.After the Reagan years, antitrust attitudes sharpened in Washington, D.C. The administration of President George Bush adopted a slightly more activist approach, reflected in joint guidelines on mergers issued in 1992 by the FTC and the Justice Department. In following the trend away from strict Chicago school efficiency standards, the guidelines looked more closely at competitive effects and tightened requirements. But understaffed government attorneys generally lost court cases. President Bill Clinton took this activism further. Anne K. Bingaman, his appointee to head the Department of Justice's Antitrust Division, beefed up the division's staff with sixty-one new attorneys, declaring her organization the competition agency. The Antitrust Division filed thirty-three civil suits in 1994, roughly three times the annual number brought under Reagan and Bush. It won some victories without going to court, in one instance compelling AT&T to keep a subsidiary private, but it lost a major lawsuit claiming that General Electric had conspired with the South African firm of DeBeers to fix industrial diamond prices.Under President Clinton, the most important antitrust action involved a federal probe of the computer software giant Microsoft Corporation. In its potential for far-reaching action, this was the biggest antitrust case since those involving AT&T and IBM. Competitors complained that Microsoft used illegal arrangements with buyers to ensure that its disk operating system would be installed in nearly 80 percent of the world's computers. In-depth investigations by the FTC and the Department of Justice followed. In mid-1994, under threat of a federal lawsuit, Microsoft entered a consent decree designed to increase competitors' access to the market. All the parties involved---the original complainants, Microsoft, and the government---expressed relative satisfaction. But in early 1995, a federal judge rejected the agreement, citing evidence of other monopolistic practices by Microsoft. In a highly unusual move, the Justice Department and Microsoft together appealed the decision. The uncertain future of the case carried the threat of further action against the nation's fifth-largest industry.CROSS-REFERENCES Bork, Robert; Chicago School; Clayton Act; Corporation; Justice Department; Mergers and Acquisitions; Monopoly; Posner, Richard; Restraint of Trade; Robinson-Patman Act; Sherman Anti-Trust Act; Unfair Competition.Articles from West's Encyclopedia of American Law are published on West's Legal Directory Law Information Center with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal or other professional advice. If legal advice or other professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought."
Enforcement of antitrust law depends largely on two agencies, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which may issue cease and desist orders to violators, and the U.S. Department of Justice's Antitrust Division, which can litigate.Private parties may also bring civil suits.ongress also created a regulatory agency to administrate and enforce the law, under the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 (15 U.S.C.A. Â§Â§ 41--58). In an ongoing analysis influenced by economic, intellectual, and political changes, the U.S. Supreme Court has had the leading role in shaping how these laws are applied.


The Four Keys to Successful Project Steering Committees
Too controlling. Too bureaucratic. Too far removed from the real work of getting projects done. It happens â but it doesnât have to be that way. With (4) easy steps you can get your steering committee moving in the right direction â to fill essential governance needs while still allowing the project team to flourish.


Project Governance Structure: the Steering Committee
Roles of the Steering Committee. In a sample project governance structure, the Project Steering Committee consists of a group of the key stakeholders (senior managers and client representatives). The committee can be assigned to the following roles: 1  Checking and approving the Project Charter for accuracy and compliance with the Business Case.


Committee
A steering committee is a committee that provides guidance, direction and control to a project within an organization. The term is derived from the steering mechanism that changes the steering angle of a vehicle's wheels.


Committee
1 For example, an organization considering a major capital investment might create a temporary working committee of several people to review options and make recommendations to upper management or the board of directors.


Project Governance Structure: the Steering Committee
A governance structure is the framework for resolving issues and managing problems that arise during the project life cycle, and for considering recommendations on planning project deliverables. The Steering Committee is an element of the structure.


Project Governance Structure: the Steering Committee
The Project Steering Committee is a decision-making body within the project governance structure that consists of top managers and decision makers who provide, review and monitor strategic direction and policy guidance to the project team and other stakeholders.


Definitions &Translations
A committee (or commission) is a type of small deliberative assembly that is usually intended to remain subordinate to another, larger deliberative assembly. When a larger assembly meets as a committee to discuss or debate, this is called a  committee of the whole .


Committee
A standing committee is a subunit of a political or deliberative body established in a permanent fashion to aid the parent assembly in accomplishing its duties.


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Waiting for Dawn. 14420. For the heirlooms bought with Justice Points, there's a place with vendors in a building above and behind Grommash Hold in Orgrimmar (Horde), or in the building with the hunter trainers in Old Town in Stormwind City (Alliance).he Honor Point heirloom vendors are probably where the PvP gear vendors are, in the Valley of Strength (Orgrimmar) or Old Town (Stormwind). I haven't actually looked for the PvP heirloom vendors in a long time, though--last time I bought a PvP heirloom was back in Wrath, using Stone Keeper's Shards in Wintergrasp. x).


Heirloom
1 Patch 4.2.0a (2011-08-08): The tooltip color for heirloom items has been returned to gold. 2  Patch 4.2.0 (2011-06-28): The names of Heirloom items now incorrectly appear in white. 3  Patch 4.0.6 (2011-02-08): Heirloom vendors added in Stormwind and Orgrimmar. Patch 4.0.6 (2011-02-08): Heirloom vendors added in Stormwind and Orgrimmar. 2  Patch 4.0.1 (2010-10-12): Death Knight [Runeforging] can now be used on heirloom weapons. 3  Patch 3.3.0 (2009-12-08): Level 80 helm and shoulder faction-related enchants are now considered Heirlooms.


Larisse Pembraux
Larisse Pembraux is an heirloom vendor found inside the Command Center of Old Town, Stormwind City.She offers heirlooms to players with too many [Justice Points] to spend.Her vendor list can be found on the Justice Points article.arisse Pembraux is an heirloom vendor found inside the Command Center of Old Town, Stormwind City.


How to collect heirlooms in World of Warcraft
To pick up heirlooms of your own youâll want to visit your heirloom vendor: thatâs Estelle Gendry in Undercity for Horde or Krom Stoutarm in Ironforge for Alliance.o pick up heirlooms of your own youâll want to visit your heirloom vendor: thatâs Estelle Gendry in Undercity for Horde or Krom Stoutarm in Ironforge for Alliance.


Where is Alliance Heirloom Vendor WoW
This video shows how to find Heirloom Vendor after 6.1 WoW patch. I think there can be several Heirloom Vendors, but this on is in Ironforge.Fast location and coordinates video. Where to buy Heirloom Gear.Alliance Heirloom Vendor 6.1.1  Gaming.his video shows how to find Heirloom Vendor after 6.1 WoW patch. I think there can be several Heirloom Vendors, but this on is in Ironforge.


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24/01/2015 07:56Posted by Someoneelse24/01/2015 01:38Posted by MiraineSo I just saw that they sell heirlooms for gold now. The vendor for alliance is located in stormwind while the vendor for horde is located in undercity.Is this for real? Freaking undercity?24/01/2015 01:50Posted by SomeoneelseIronforge and Undercity.4/01/2015 07:56 Posted by Someoneelse. So I just saw that they sell heirlooms for gold now. The vendor for alliance is located in stormwind while the vendor for horde is located in undercity.


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The Honor Point heirloom vendors are probably where the PvP gear vendors are, in the Valley of Strength (Orgrimmar) or Old Town (Stormwind). I haven't actually looked for the PvP heirloom vendors in a long time, though--last time I bought a PvP heirloom was back in Wrath, using Stone Keeper's Shards in Wintergrasp. x).he Honor Point heirloom vendors are probably where the PvP gear vendors are, in the Valley of Strength (Orgrimmar) or Old Town (Stormwind). I haven't actually looked for the PvP heirloom vendors in a long time, though--last time I bought a PvP heirloom was back in Wrath, using Stone Keeper's Shards in Wintergrasp. x).


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World of Warcraft is adding a new heirloom system with patch 6.1 that will make it easier for using and managing the heirlooms in your collection.In addition to making it easier to level your alternate characters, a new achievement will be added along with a mount reward when the new 6.1 patch launches.orld of Warcraft is adding a new heirloom system with patch 6.1 that will make it easier for using and managing the heirlooms in your collection.


Heirloom
Once purchased, heirlooms are learned like mounts, pets, and toys, and show up in the Heirlooms tab. From there, players can upgrade their heirlooms to be effective for more levels, and to make copies of the heirlooms to use on a character. Patch 4.0.6 (2011-02-08): Heirloom vendors added in Stormwind and Orgrimmar. 2  Patch 4.0.1 (2010-10-12): Death Knight [Runeforging] can now be used on heirloom weapons. 3  Patch 3.3.0 (2009-12-08): Level 80 helm and shoulder faction-related enchants are now considered Heirlooms.


Heirloom
Level 85 heirlooms Edit. In the Cataclysm expansion (Patch 4.0.3), heirlooms were added that scale up to level 85 rare equivalents (helms, cloaks, legs, and rings). In Patch 4.1, a few more were added (helm, cloak, legs, and ring).In Patch 5.2, the option to upgrade your heirloom to scale to 85 was added.ote that these Heirloom items are the only the highest level version of the item the faction vendor carries. For example, [Lesser Inscription of the Axe] is not an Heirloom and the name will not appear in a brown color in the vendor's trade window.


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reviewed West Broad Collision Center â 2 star. My hope is to have updates to this review but wanted to give an initial one. I want to start off by saying the customer service was great. The ladies I spoke to were kind and professional and communicated with me through the initial part of my experience thus far.


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There are three basic types of collision coverage: limited, standard and broad form. The chart on. the next page of this sheet tells you what you can. receive with each type of collision coverage if. your car is damaged in an accident.


Top 8 facts about Michigan collision coverage insurance
A deductible is the amount you agree. to pay for damages to your car before the. insurance company pays anything. You do not. have to pay the deductible if you have broad form. collision coverage and are 50% or less at fault in. the accident.


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I travel thru out the state of Virginia on a regular basis. Part of my job is performing physical inspections on vehicles that's been damaged and repaired. I constantly see vehicles repaired from shops from all over the state including by the West Broad Collision staff.


Benefits of Broad Collision in Michigan
Benefits of Broad Collision Coverage. 1  Covers physical damage to your vehicle due to an accident with another vehicle or other inanimate object. 2  No deductible is charged for not-at-fault accidents, including if your vehicle is hit while parked. 3  Your policy always covers you so you do not have to deal with someone elseâs insurance carrier.


What is liability auto insurance?
The Three Types of Collision Coverage. 1  Michigan law requires you to have no-fault automobile insurance on your car. If you have an accident, this required insurance pays for injuries to people and for damages your car does to other peopleâs. property and to properly parked cars. IT DOES NOT PAY FOR ANY OTHER DAMAGE TO CARS.


Benefits of Broad Collision in Michigan
Updated July 15, 2016. A unique coverage to the state of Michigan is broad collision. Broad collision coverage comes with some great benefits you should know about when setting up your car insurance policy. Weigh the benefits of broad collision to determine if it is the right coverage for you. Collision in Michigan. Michigan's collision coverage can be confusing to those first becoming acquainted with its terminology. Michigan is considered the truest no fault state of all 50 states.


Benefits of Broad Collision in Michigan
Broad collision deductible only applies to at-fault accidents. So, you can increase your deductible to reduce costs, while still getting a zero deductible on not-at-fault accidents. Broad collision is the best form of collision in the no-fault state of Michigan. Also available are standard collision, limited collision, and no collision. If you are looking for the best car insurance coverage in the state of Michigan, broad collision is the most comprehensive coverage available.


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If there were 10 stars, this group would certainly deserve 10 stars. This collision team is nothing but honest and professional. My car has been there for a month and I have known what has been going on the entire time.


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The other driverâs insurance will not pay for damage to your car. There are three kinds of collision insurance you can choose from: limited, standard, and broad form. chart tells you when each kind of insurance will pay YOU if your car is damaged in an accident. collision coverage will not cover damage to the other driverâs car.


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Enterprise value and equity value are two common ways that a business may be evaluated from a sales standpoint. Both may be used in the valuation or sale of a business, but each offers a slightly different view.


Enterprise value is often misunderstood
An easy way to think about the difference between enterprise value and equity value is by considering the value of a house: Imagine you decide to buy a house for $500,000. 1  To finance the purchase, you make a down-payment of $100,000 and borrow the remaining $400,000 from a lender.


Enterprise Value vs. Equity Value: A Confusing Topic for Many Consultancy Owners
Or, conversely, equity value is equal to enterprise value less debt and plus cash. The House Analogy. One of best ways to understand the difference between the two terms is to consider another major asset in many portfoliosâa house. Consider a house that has a $600,000 mortgage loan and is sold for $1,000,000.


What is the difference between enterprise value and equity value?
Both may be used in the valuation or sale of a business, but each offers a slightly different view. While enterprise value gives an accurate calculation of the overall current value of a business, similar to a balance sheet, the equity value offers a snapshot of both current and potential future value.


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By Investopedia AAA |. A: Enterprise value and equity value are two common ways that a business may be evaluated from a sales standpoint. Both may be used in the valuation or sale of a business, but each offers a slightly different view.


What is the difference between enterprise value and equity value?
Think of this like a business' balance sheet, accounting for all of its current stocks, debt, and cash. Equity value uses the same calculation as enterprise value, but adds in the value of stock options, convertible securities, and other potential assets or liabilities for the company.


What is the difference between enterprise value and equity value?
A: Enterprise value and equity value are two common ways that a business may be evaluated from a sales standpoint. Both may be used in the valuation or sale of a business, but each offers a slightly different view.


Enterprise Value (EV) & Calculating Enterprise Value Ratios
Enterprise Value-Total Value of a Company. Enterprise value (EV) and Enterprise value ratios are part of the basic foundation of stock analysis for value investors. The purpose of Enterprise Value (EV) is two fold; First, to calculate what it would cost to purchase the entire company or business.


How long after removing the white strips should you wait to eat?
Thank you for your inquiry. Typically it's recommended to wait at least one hour before eating. You could even go so far as to following the same post-op instructions for procedures such as an in-office one hour whitening and eat only clear/white foods/liquids for 24 hours to prevent any other possible staining. You're not at as much risk for staining with strips as you are with an office whitening, but you could try if wanted.


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Size Name: 12 Strips|Color Name: White|Verified Purchase. I had high hopes for these, just moving into a new apartment with freshly painted plaster walls. Wanting to minimize damage to the walls, I decided to give these a try. I did all the cleaning with alcohol, firm pressing, etc.


Welcome to College Confidential!
Replies to: 3M Command Hooks. I've only had problems when the walls weren't thoroughly cleaned. Perhaps you can try wiping down the wall with alcohol or vinegar - and then letting it dry - before applying the Command strips. And then you are not supposed to put anything on them for two hours while they set.


Welcome to College Confidential!
Replies to: 3M Command Hooks. #1 Registered User Posts: 10 New Member. I've only had problems when the walls weren't thoroughly cleaned. Perhaps you can try wiping down the wall with alcohol or vinegar - and then letting it dry - before applying the Command strips.


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Do not stick to the walls at all! I've never had an issue with command strips or hooks until these. I lost an expensive picture frame that had our wedding photo in it as a result of using these strips. The frame was well under the weight limit.


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Medium Picture Hanging Strips (6 sets of Adhesive Strips) is rated 4.6 out of 5 by 878. 1  Rated 5 out of 5 by Tahoetwinn from Click click These are the Bomb! 2  Rated 5 out of 5 by jmak from Love Love Love these Strips Had to hang 27 picture frames and the only way to line them up is with Command strips.


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Size Name: 12 Strips|Color Name: White|Verified Purchase. Great price for a good product. These strips are pretty short but are large enough to hold up my canvas photos with just one strip each. They're very powerful and don't peel off the walls until you're ready to pull on the tab to release.


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Best of all, when you are ready to take down or move your pictures, they come off cleanly - no nail holes, cracked plaster or sticky residue. Command Picture Hanging Strips come in three sizes: Small strips hold most 8 in. x 10 in. frames, medium strips hold most 18 in. x 24 in. frames and large strips hold most 24 in.


Welcome to College Confidential!
The walls were freshly painted, and the base is wooden bead board. I think that the painted wood is the issue, but 3M claims that the hooks can adhere to all surfaces. We were able to get real hooks and nail them to the wall, but there are a few things that she wants to use the Command strips.


How Long Should I Wait in Between At-home Teeth Whitening Systems?
So long as your following instructions you should be able to switch any time, if concerned we normally will suggest a waiting period of 2 weeks, in most cases you will be better off not bleaching or whitening for longer than 2 weeks without taking a break. Good luck. Kevin Coughlin DMD, MBA, MAGD CEO Baystate Dental PC.


'Orange Is the New Black' season 5 release date, spoilers: accidental killing's effect on Bayley; Will Bennett return?
(Facebook/Orange Is the New Black)Promotional image for the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black. In Orange is the New Black season 4, Bayley (Alan Aisenberg), a young prison guard, accidentally suffocated and killed Poussey (Samira Wiley), one of the inmates, during a prison-wide riot. Poussey's death, the first of a fan favorite character on Orange Is the New Black, left fans heartbroken and angry.


'Orange is the New Black' Season 3 Release Date, Latest News: Plot for New Season Will Be Witty But Serious
Laverne Cox, who plays Sophia Burset on 'Orange is the New Black' said that the latest season would revolve around a serious and witty storyline. Cox even disclosed some juicy details to tease the fans on the latest season. She said, We started shooting season three the first week of June.


Everything We Know and Everything Weâre Wondering About the Second Season ofOrange Is the New Black
Share 594 Tweet 0 Share 1 Share Email Print Share. Photo: Maya Robinson and Photo by Netflix. Now that Vulture's finished recapping all of Orange Is the New Black, it's time to look ahead to season two â which is already filming!


Everything We Know and Everything Weâre Wondering About the Second Season ofOrange Is the New Black
Here's what we know for sure about season two: Piper didn't kill Pennsatucky. In the closing moments of season one, meth-y Pennsatucky tried to kill Piper â and Piper fought back, hard enough that it looked like maybe she was the one doing the killing.


'Orange is the New Black' Season 3 Release Date, Latest News: Plot for New Season Will Be Witty But Serious
Also, nothing much has been disclosed about the plot of Season 3. As fans are wondering where 'Orange is the New Black' is heading in terms of its storyline, fans should rest assured, that they're in for a great set of episodes. 'Orange is the New Black' Season 3 will release on Saturday June 6, 2015.


'Orange Is the New Black' Withdrawal? 13 Things You Can Do
July 23, 2013. You can't believe it has been 13 hours and then it happens -- there are no more episodes left in the Netflix queue. You've watched all 13, hour-long episodes of Orange is the New Black in less than a week. You don't know how it happened or how it happened so quickly, you just know you're done and you need more.


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The number of waves passing a fixed point in a certain amount of time is called the The word frequent means âoften,â so frequency measures how often a wave occurs. Frequency is often measured by counting the number of crests or troughs that pass by a given point in one second. Find frequency on the diagram below.


Ocean Waves
It will be presumed that ocean waves obey the basic wave relationship c=fÎ» , where c is traditionally used for the wave speed or celerity. The term celerity means the speed of the progressing wave with respect to stationary water - so any current or other net water velocity would be added to it. The shape of an ocean wave is often depicted as a sine wave, but the the experimental waveshape is described as a trochoid. A trochoid can be defined as the curve traced out by a point on a circle as the circle is rolled along a line. The following sketch is adapted from Bascom.


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Frequency is the number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time. 498 Unit 4:Waves, Sound, and Light How Frequency and Wavelength Are Related The frequency and wavelength of a wave are related. When frequency increases more wave crests pass a fixed point each second. That means the wavelength shortens.


Waves
The graph repeats itself as it moves along the x-axis. The cycles of this regular repetition are called the period; we use the notation . This graph repeats every units or radians. It ranges from -1 to 1; half of this distance is called the amplitude, we use notation to represent it. Because is 0, there is no shift from the origin.


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for each new term on this page. Wave Properties How many wavelengths are shown in this diagram? How do you know? Amplitude is the distance a medium moves above or below its position at rest. Wavelength is the distance from one crest or trough to the next. Frequency is the number of waves passing a fixed point in a certain amount of time. Distance above or below rest position 3 2 1 water level at rest fixed point crest crest trough trough


Ocean Waves
As the gravity waves build up, their wavelength tends to lengthen and speed increase until it matches the speed of the wind, at which point they can no longer extract energy from the wind. The trochoid form that is attributed to ocean waves changes shape as the amplitude increases for a given wavelength.


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measuredâby finding the time it takes for one wave peak to travel a set distance. Other properties of a wave that can be measured include the time between waves and the length of a single wave. Scientists use the terms amplitude, wavelength, and frequency to refer to some commonly measured properties of waves.


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Other properties of a wave that can be measured. include the time between waves and the length of a single wave. Scientists use the terms amplitude, wavelength, and frequency to. refer to some commonly measured properties of waves.


Ocean Waves
Von Arx describes these waves as the way the wind gets a grip on the water since they are numerous and move slowly before the wind. Stories are told of seafarers who first observed these capillary waves when the wind was rising and later experienced the swells of the gravity waves, so it was thought that the capillary waves were the first mechanism by which the wind gave energy to the water.


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Notice how high and how low the graph goes; in mathematics this is called range, but in trigonometric funtions it also called amplitude. By changing the amplitude from 2 to 1, the peak of the graph changes from 2 to 1, and the minimum changes from -2 to -1.


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Dog of the Mountains These dogs take their name from the mountain range in southwestern Europe where they long have been used as guardians of the flocks. In the United States they are called Great Pyrenees. In the United Kingdom and Europe, they are known as the Pyrenean Mountain Dog. In their native France, they are Le Chien de Montagne des Pyrenees or Le Chien des Pyrenees.


Great Pyrenees Growth Period
We have a 7 month old Great Pyrenees puppy who weights 70 pounds. Currently he is 25 inches at the shoulder. Obviously we know we have a big dog - indeed this is what we wanted What I want to know is when are Great Pyrs generally finished growing?


The Great Pyrenees Temperament
The Great Pyrenees Temperament. The Great Pyrenees Temperament From the Standard of the Breed: âTemperament: Character and temperament are of utmost importance. In nature, the Great Pyrenees is confident, gentle, and affectionate.


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Many novice breeders incorrectly assume that good puppy raising begins with the birth of the pups. Not so. The first 9 weeks of a puppys life begins inside the dam and attention needs to be paid to her care and nutrition. So I thought I would take you through the first 18 weeks of one of our recent litters.


Great Pyrenees
The Great Pyrenees is a giant dog (both in size and heart). The average height is between 27 to 32 inches for a male and 25 to 29 inches for a female. On average, Great Pyrenees should be between 100 to 160 pounds for a male and 85 to 115 pounds for a female.


Great Pyrenees Growth Period
Whatever you do, don't try to encourage growth by extra vitamins and Large breed dog food etc. Actually, large breed puppy food is aimed at slow, steady growth, and is not the rocket fuel that most puppy foods are. It is a good thing for people with large breed puppies to feed that sort of food. Janet.


Great Pyrenees Growth Period
It is generally thought that feeding Large Breed dog food is not necessarily a good idea. It basicly encourages quick early growth which is not desired in large breeds. In fact, the reverse of this is true when it comes to puppy foods. Large breed puppy foods are formulated for slower, not faster, growth.


Starch: Fallback Food or Essential Nutrient?
This would take up a whole article on its own. The average litter for a Pyr is 7 to 10 pups and with an average wait of 45 minutes to an hour between puppies. So you are looking at a 6 to 10 hour labor and often more. Keep a tub of vanilla ice cream handy, when she is at the half way point you will all need the sugar supplementation to keep going!


What is the ideal weight for a 1 year old male great pyrenees?
Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: The average weight for a male pyr at adult size which they reach about 2 to 2.5 years is from 110 to 130 pounds. An adult male is about 120# on average. Most pyrs gain about 10# per month for the first several months... to about 8 or 9mo. Then growth slows.


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They are not the ideal pet for everyone! That mature, sedate Great Pyrenees did not just materialize suddenly. It grew from a cuddly, lovable ball of fluff which at 8-12 weeks of age is most captivating. From puppyhood to adulthood is a 2+ year journey.


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Step 1: Load CDA files to CDA Converter for Windows 8. You can also click âRip CDâ tab and load CDA files from your Audio CD. To convert .cda files that are on CD, insert your CD into your CD driver.Then click âRip CDâ tab in Audio Converter Pro and click âAdd CDâ button to load CDA files.tep 2: Set output format. Take convert CDA to MP3 on Windows 8 for example. Click âProfileâ drop-down button and choose âMP3 â MPEG Layer-3 Audio (*.mp3)â from âGeneral Audioâ category. Click âBrowseâ button to choose an output path or use the default one.


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By default, Windows Media Player plays CD Audio files (CDA) on a computer with the Windows operating system installed. Over time, though, other programs such as CD burning programs or other audio or media applications may change the default program settings for Windows.ait for Windows to display a list of all known file types on your computer. Scroll down on the list until you find the .cda file extension. Highlight the file type by clicking it once. Click on the Change program... link in the top left corner of the screen.


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Highlight Windows Media Player in the program list window and click the OK button. Click the Close button after the list refreshes. Windows Media Player will now be the default player whenever you insert an audio CD into your computer's CD/DVD drive, or when you click on a CDA file in Windows Explorer.ait for Windows to display a list of all known file types on your computer. Scroll down on the list until you find the .cda file extension. Highlight the file type by clicking it once. Click on the Change program... link in the top left corner of the screen.


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Step 2: Set output format. Take convert CDA to MP3 on Windows 8 for example. Click âProfileâ drop-down button and choose âMP3 â MPEG Layer-3 Audio (*.mp3)â from âGeneral Audioâ category. Click âBrowseâ button to choose an output path or use the default one.tep 2: Set output format. Take convert CDA to MP3 on Windows 8 for example. Click âProfileâ drop-down button and choose âMP3 â MPEG Layer-3 Audio (*.mp3)â from âGeneral Audioâ category. Click âBrowseâ button to choose an output path or use the default one.


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Instructions. Click the Start button on the Windows 7 taskbar, then click the Control Panel tab. Find and click the Default Programs link in Control Panel. When the new window opens, click on the Associate a file type or protocol with a program option.ait for Windows to display a list of all known file types on your computer. Scroll down on the list until you find the .cda file extension. Highlight the file type by clicking it once. Click on the Change program... link in the top left corner of the screen.


How do I play a sound or music file in Windows?
Microsoft Windows comes with the Microsoft Windows Media Player (shown in the picture) that is capable of playing .AIFF, .ASF, .AU, .CDA, .MID, .MP3, .WAV, and .WMA audio files. To open Windows Media Player and play the file by following the steps below.1  Click Start.nce it is running, select Open from the File menu, then browse to the location of the audio file. Alternatively, you can drag-and-drop the audio file onto Windows Media Player. Tip: You can also select multiple audio files at once and drag them to the Windows Media Player to play all of the selected files.


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CDA is a file extension for a CD Audio shortcut file format. Used by Microsoft Windows to refer to audio tracks on a CD, a CDA file doesnât contain audio but is simply a shortcut to the tracks on an audio disc.es, this service from iTunes is totally free. See below on how to convert CDA file to MP3 using iTunes: 1  Insert CD to your computer disc drive. 2  Click âImport CDâ button. 3  Add these files to your iTunes Library.


How do I play a sound or music file in Windows?
To play a sound, music, or other audio file in Windows requires that you use a media player program that is capable of playing that audio file. Below is a listing of different audio formats and media players that are capable of playing them. Playing .AIFF, .ASF, .AU, .CDA, .MID, .MP3, .WAV, and .WMA audio files.nce it is running, select Open from the File menu, then browse to the location of the audio file. Alternatively, you can drag-and-drop the audio file onto Windows Media Player. Tip: You can also select multiple audio files at once and drag them to the Windows Media Player to play all of the selected files.


Worst YouTube Channels
Logan Paul. Logan Alexander Paul (born April 1, 1995) is an American social media entertainer and actor. He first gained fame through videos shared on the internet video service Vine. He has a youtube channel called Logan Paul Vlogs and TheOfficialLoganPaul.


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Logan Paulâs Early life, Childhood, and Education. Logan Paul was born to Greg Paul and Pam Stepnick in Westlake, Ohio, United States of America and was raised in the same place where he was born. He was born on April 1995 and was raised by his parents along with his brothers Roman Paul and fellow internet sensation Jake Paul.


Biography
Born in the state of New Jersey on October 15, 1973, Paul Logan attended SUNY Purchase (State University of New York) completing a degree study in bio-chemistry before moving to Los Angeles to study Chiropratic at the Los Angeles College of Chiropractic.


Biography
In 1996, Paul Logan embarked on his new career path. After a few small parts on a few early films and television episodes, Logan gained better screen time with the movie Killers (1997). He notched several other credits to his performing belt through the course of the 1990s and into the 21st century.


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Personal life He is the brother of Roman Paul and Jake Paul, who is also a Vine video sensation. Web Video Star Logan Paul born on 01 04 1995 in . Until now, Logan Paul's age is 22 year old and have Aries constellation. Count down 346 days will come next birthday of Logan Paul !


Biography
In the mid 2000s, Paul Logan worked in several fantasy, Sci-Fi and/or creature films. The first of these was The Curse of the Komodo (2004) followed by the supernatural horror film Way of the Vampire (2005) in which he starred as Dracula. Next he appeared in the creature/horror film Komodo vs. Cobra (2005).


Logan Paul Biography
Early Life. Logan Paul was born in Westlake, Ohio, the United States as Logan Alexander Paul. Paul was born on April 1, 1995, and he is just 21 years of age. Paul is a son of Pam Stepnick and Greg Paul. Paul was raised in outside of Cleveland in Westlake, Ohio.


Paul Logan (actor)
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 18 February 2017. Paul Logan (born October 15, 1973) is an American actor, model, martial artist, stuntman, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for his roles in low budget action films such as Syfy's Mega Piranha. Logan is also known for his portrayal of Glen Reiber on the NBC soap opera, Days of Our Lives.


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A large pension adjustment pushed net results to a quarterly loss of $307 million, or 40 cents per share, compared with a year-earlier profit of $369 million, or 47 cents per share.


DEFINITION of 'Pension Adjustment - PA'
Pension Adjustment - PA. DEFINITION of 'Pension Adjustment - PA'. The amount of contributions that can be made to a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) on top of any contributions to a Registered Pension Plan (RPP) in a given year. BREAKING DOWN 'Pension Adjustment - PA'.


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The RRSP deduction limit for the current year is equal to: 1  The unused RRSP deduction limit at the end of the previous year. 2  Plus: 18% of previous year's earned income up to the annual RRSP dollar maximum (listed above) 3  Minus: previous year's pension adjustment, if any.  Plus: pension adjustment reversal, if any.


pension adjustment reversal (PAR)
pension adjustment reversal (PAR) Definition. An option for readjustment of the contribution limit available to certain participants making an early withdrawal from a Canadian RRSP/PA tax assisted retirement plan. The maximum amount that can be invested by the employee is 18% of yearly income.


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A pension adjustment reversal or PAR is an amount that cancels a portion or all previous pension adjustments and increases the RRSP deduction limit. This applies to a member of a registered pension plan or deferred profit sharing plan who terminates employment after 1996 and transfers benefits out of the plan.


Area 52: Know your pension adjustments
Area 52: Know your pension adjustments. With tax time upon us, advisors are looking to squeeze every last drop of tax-advantaged savings and investment for their clients. Understanding the number in box 52 of your clientsâ T4 slips will help you do just that. Nuts and bolts.


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A past service pension adjustment or PSPA is an adjustment to previously reported pension adjustments in respect of pensionable service after 1989 to reflect an improvement in the pension benefits provided under a registered pension plan.


pension adjustment reversal (PAR)
Typically, this step is taken when an individual has been a plan participant for only a short period of time. A pension adjustment reversal is no longer available once a plan participant is vested or has received tangible benefits (such as matching funds) from the employer.


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Warning of a protracted impact on growth over the next decade, only Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Finland and Sweden are deemed to have made the necessary budgetary and pension adjustments.


pension adjustment
pension adjustment. In addition to the regular contributions to a Registered Pension Plan in any given year, the amount that can be added to these funds by the individual. You Also Might Like... Self-Employed Retirement Plans: Which Is Right for ...


Who We Are
Tom Hovis. As founder and owner, Tom started The Milestone Group in 1993 because he knew things could be better. A graduate of the School of Design at N.C. State, Tom is a strategic thinker, designer, visionary, developer and doer. Tom has never accepted a system or process the way it was.


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From public sector to consumer brands & services, Milestone Group PLC combines experience and expertise to deliver brilliant and effective media and technology solutions that bring business to life. We offer solutions for a wide range of digital and marketing needs.


Using Milestones to Track Project Progress and Accomplishments
But milestones are more than events and circumstances. From a more strategic perspective, milestones also serve as management metrics, providing the means to define project priorities, monitor progress and tell a more meaningful status story.


Gantt Chart Tips: When to Use Milestones in Your Project Plan
Make sure your project sheet has Dependencies enabled. On a new row in your project, write a brief description of your milestone in the task name column (âCompany Off Siteâ, âRegistration Materials Dueâ, etc). In the Start Date column, enter the date of your milestone. Enter a Duration of zero.


The Milestones
This article is about the band. For other uses, see Milestone (disambiguation). The Milestones were a Pakistani pop rock band that formed in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, in 1990. The group was formed by lead guitarist, Ziyyad Gulzar and bassist, Ali Tim, who were sooned joined by female lead vocalist, Candy Pereira.


Using Milestones to Track Project Progress and Accomplishments
As metrics, milestones are first identified and defined during the âproject definition phaseâ, when the overall project âconceptâ is broken into specific, actionable terms. These milestone metrics are managed through a series of three (3) sequential stages:


Using Milestones to Track Project Progress and Accomplishments
Tip #3: When it comes to identifying project milestones, the best advice is to keep it simple - you'll know a milestone when you see one. But there are rules of thumb. In most cases, the dividing line distinguishing milestone from non-milestone is significance, impact and value, all influenced by project specifics.


Gantt Chart Tips: When to Use Milestones in Your Project Plan
One easy way to do this is through the use of a diamond shaped symbol in your Gantt chart, the milestone. Milestones not only help your team stay on track, they are also useful to you as a project manager to more accurately determine whether or not your project is on schedule.


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Milestone Group combines and leverages creative services and technologies to deliver high-value services and content. We develop solutions that are intelligent and effective, to ensure a positive impact on our clientsâ bottom line.


Gantt Chart Tips: When to Use Milestones in Your Project Plan
Use a key deadline as a milestone to reflect when a section of tasks or key task is completed. External Dates and Deliveries For example, a due date for a deliverable you are expecting from an agency, the date when your hiring manager has received an offer letter, or the day that pipes are scheduled to be delivered.


Puffy vs Shifman
The Puffy mattress is a high rated memory foam mattress that is making a splash in the mattress in the box industry. Most folks find it softer than other all-foam mattresses in a box, which is great for those with a ligher build.


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You may think of supportive mattresses as mostly firm, but when we write about support, we are describing mattresses that support the back independent of firmness. Most folks find this mattress supportive, but some have limited complaints about feel.


Puffy Mattress Review
The Puffy mattress is one of the latest products in the mattress market and the company believes that they have crafted the perfect sleep system that will provide a comfortable sleep to sleepers of all ages, sizes, and sleeping habits.


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Get an Instant Discount for Puffy: Get $200 Off Mattresses Shifman's Owner Satisfaction Customer reviews can be sometimes difficult to find and make sense of -- especially with all of the noise in the industry.


Puffy Mattress Review
What is the Best Way to Care for the Puffy Mattress? The Puffy mattress is very easy to maintain and care for if used with proper instructions. The mattress has a removable and washable cover that can be hand washed as well as machine washed. It is not recommended to wash the cover often as this may harm the fabric.


Puffy vs Shifman
Their mattresses are very high priced, usually well over $5,000 to start. Though they are a status symbol for some and boast hand craftsmanship, there are those that find that they provide a bad value for the materials used. Based on our aggregated reviews and our scoring method, we recommend Puffy in this match up! See Our Full Review of Puffy


Puffy Mattress Review
Puffy is highly confident about their sleep system and states that it will be the best foam mattress that you have ever tried, and therefore backs up the mattress with one of the best warranties offered in the mattress industry.


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Find out if Puffy or Shifman is right for you! Read reviews, learn about the firmness, sleeper comparison, and customer satisfaction scores with real customer reviews and ratings.


Puffy Mattress Review
The Puffy mattress is a bed in a box mattress that has been designed using 2 layers of superior quality foams that work together to provide an unmatched level of hug, contour, and comfort for proper spinal alignment.


Puffy Mattress Review
The Puffy Mattress has been designed and developed by the company Puffy that has been formed recently with the simple idea of providing a mattress to the people that is universally comfortable and gives a feeling like you are sleeping on a bed of clouds.


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The functional form of the supply function is completely determined. by the functional form of the cost function (the state of technical knowledge). Note that there are no explicit side constraints. Rather the constraints are. embedded in the objective function.


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I am going to start by solving some problems that we are familiar with. I. will add theory after we get a sense of the issues involved in optimization. We. currently have enough tools to solve a lot of maximization and minimization. problems in economics.


Economic interpretation of calculus operations - univariate
Economic interpretation of calculus operations - univariate. A very clear way to see how calculus helps us interpret economic information and relationships is to compare total, average, and marginal functions. Take, for example, a total cost function, TC:


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Minimizing the cost of producing some exogenous level of output subject. to the state of technical knowledge and input prices (the production managerâ¢s. problem). Finding the bundle of goods that maximizes an individualâ¢s utility subject. to his or her budget constraint.


Sensitivity analysis and design optimization
Defining the Optimization Problem and Objective Function. In optimization, we seek to maximize or minimize a quantity called the goodness of design or objective function, which can be written as a mathematical function of a finite number of variables called the decision variables. The decision variables may be independent or they may be related via constraint equations.


Economic interpretation of calculus operations - univariate
The slope is defined as the rate of change in the Y variable (total cost, in this case) for a given change in the X variable (Q, or units of the good). Therefore, taking the first derivative, or calculating the formula for the slope can determine the marginal cost for a particular good.


Economic interpretation of calculus operations - univariate
Slope as marginal rate of change. A very clear way to see how calculus helps us interpret economic information and relationships is to compare total, average, and marginal functions. For a given value of Q, say Q=10, we can interpret this function as telling us that: when we produce 10 units of this good, the total cost is 190.


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Because resources are scarce, all optimization problems in economics are. problems of constrained optimization: maximizing or minimizing some objective. function subject to one or more constraints.


Sensitivity analysis and design optimization
Optimization and sensitivity analysis are key aspects of successful process design. Optimizing a process maximizes project value and plant performance, minimizes project cost, and facilitates the selection of the best components (Towler and Sinnott, 2013).


Sensitivity analysis and design optimization
Simultaneous optimization of the many parameters present in a chemical process design can be a daunting task due to the large number of variables that can be present in both integer and continuous form, the non-linearity of the property prediction relationships and performance models, and frequent ubiquity of recycle.


Federal Employee Survivor Benefits
You must contact OPM either by phone at 1-888-767-6738 or you can report her death online at https://apps.opm.gov/retire/death/death.cfm. 1  Check to confirm that your Government Health Care Coverage was changed from âFamilyâ to âSelf.â This is done automatically by OPM, however, sometimes it falls through the cracks.


Federal Employee Survivor Benefits
OPM publishes two informative booklets for FERS and CSRS survivors. You can download the PDF files here and print them out on your computer. I recommend placing a copy of the booklet for the system you retired under in your Survivor's Binder or store a copy with your will. 1  Master Contact List (Critical Phone Numbers).


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State the facts as they have been given to you. What to Say: â¢ Examples of how to start the conversation include: o âIâm afraid that I have some bad news for you.â o âIâve just been informed of news that I need to share with you.â. Workgroup Notification of Employee or Family Member Death revised 12/10/13.


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A surviving spouse may be eligible to receive a ten point veterans service. preference for federal service employment if the deceased retiree served. in wartime or in a peacetime campaign or expedition for which the retiree. received a campaign badge or service medal.


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how that will be addressed in Leave Traq. Workgroup Notification of Employee or Family Member Death revised 12/10/13 #755 Page 2 of 4 â¢ Decide if the department will send a condolence letter (see sample below) and inform employees of this.


Federal Employee Survivor Benefits
1 (You can fill out and print these forms on your computer) You can also report a death through OPM by phone online at https://apps.opm.gov/retire/death/death.cfm or call them at 1-888-767-6738. 2  It is difficult getting through to OPM by phone due to the large number of annuitants that they service.


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Although every effort is made to provide these benefits and privileges, at some installations the facilities may be adequate only for the assigned military personnel and their eligible family members. In such cases, the commander of the installation has the right to deny you the use of those facilities. In some overseas areas, the use of service benefits and privileges may not be extended to families of deceased members due to agreements entered into between the United States and the host country.


Federal Employee Survivor Benefits
Federal Employee's CSRS & FERS Survivor's Benefits. Survivors must report deaths to OPM to continue their annuity after a retiree passes on. You must also process benefit changes, cash in insurance policies, and change asset registrations.


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An unremarried spouse of a retiree who died from a service-connected. injury or illness may be eligible for a government-insured home loan. benefit. To determine your eligibility, apply to the nearest VA office.


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The guidelines that follow have been developed to assist departmental managers and supervisors in notifying the workgroup or others about the death of an employee or death of an employeeâs family member.


Pilot Light Goes Out
Last summer the pilot light on my gas water heater, up in the attic, kept going out. I'm no longer a spring chicken and don't want to climb up there.


Why does your gas hot water heater pilot keep going out?
In a gas water heater, the pilot light is a flame, which is always burning. When it's time to heat up the water, the main gas valve is opened, and the pilot light ignites the gas, so that the main burner heats up.


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A water heater pilot light is used to ignite the gas that heats the water. You may go for a long time and not realize that your pilot light has been faithfully serving you. When the pilot light stops working you do not have hot water. Then you notice. A malfunctioning pilot light may be a sign of another problem.


Pilot Light Goes Out
First, have your heater serviced to see if the thermocouple is faulty. This safety device is supposed to shut off the gas if the pilot light goes out. But if it's not working right, it'll shut off the pilot light instead. Second, make sure the pilot is protected from drafts. There should be a properly installed downdraft hood on top of the tank and a pilot-light baffle in place near the bottom. Lots of people leave the baffle off after lighting the pilot, and then even a gust of air through a gable vent can put it out.


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When it will not stay lit it is a sign of a defective 'thermocouple'. The thermocouple senses heat from the pilot light and sends a signal back to the gas valve. When they fail the gas valve will not open. See the discussion on 'gas water heater thermocouples' for more information.


Why does my pilot light keep going out?
You have one of three things going on. 1  the pilot has low flame due to being dirty or otherwise needs adjustment, but it worked fine before so dirt is the most likely culprit. 2  Make sure the flame hits the thermocouple end very well. 3  The power unit inside the gas valve is weak.


Why does your pilot light keeps going out on your gas heater?
The pilot could be dirty and may be too weak to heat the thermocouple properly. Most of the time it comes down to replacing the thermocouple. ANS 2 The thermocouple costs less than $19 and can be changed in about 30 minutes. Best to first Shut off gas, and remove your one, then take to the store for comparison.


Why does my pilot light keep going out?
My furnace pilot light keeps going out so I changed the thermocouple. Now the furnace will come on and heat up to the degree set on my thermostat, then the pilot light will go out and the furnace will not come back on.


Why does my pilot light keep going out?
If the pilot light keeps going out, the culprit is probably one of two things, with a third being unlikely but possible: 1  Pilot light line flow set too low, or pilot line dirty or obstructed - The pilot light is just a low-flow branch of the gas line that is always on, maintaining the ignition source for when the burner is turned on.


Why does your gas hot water heater pilot keep going out?
On my water heater, I could light the pilot and the water heater would burn for 20 minutes or so and shut off. The fix included routing the flue straight through the roof and opening floor to allow more air into the water heater compartment.Another possible culprit may be water-heater vent height above the roof.


Movie Review: The Valachi Papers (1972)
Movie Review: The Valachi Papers (1972) 1  It's not The Godfather, but The Valachi Papers is nevertheless a worthwhile and eye-opening look into the organized criminal underworld. 2  All Ace Black Blog Movie Reviews are here.


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Later, Valachi was recruited into the Cosa Nostra, which means this thing of ours. At first Valachi did not like his role in this membership because he played the role of a pimp. Valachi took his role in many murders, but he never played the main part. After many years of service to the Cosa Nostra, Valachi was caught and put in jail.


Movie Review: The Valachi Papers (1972)
Monday, 11 October 2010. Movie Review: The Valachi Papers (1972) It's not The Godfather, but The Valachi Papers is nevertheless a worthwhile and eye-opening look into the organized criminal underworld. Never one to shy away from a challenge, producer Dino De Laurentiis spotted the success of Francis Coppola's mafia book adaptation and quickly recruited Terence Young, famous as a James Bond director, to create his own mobster epic.


The Valachi Papers (aka The Canary That Sang)
The Valachi Papers (aka The Canary That Sang) 3.84 Â· Rating details Â· 950 Ratings Â· 41 Reviews. The First Inside Account of the Mafia. In the 1960s a disgruntled soldier in New York's Genovese Crime Family decided to spill his guts. His name was Joseph Valachi.


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Mr. Maas's The Valachi Papers, which was published in 1968, was the first to truly open the doors about the inner workings of the Mafia. Joe Valachi worked for the Mafia from the early 1930s until 1963.


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The Valachi Papers is a good book written by Peter Maas. This is a book of Joseph Valachi's life of crime and his involvement in the Mafia. When Valachi was eighteen he was already in a gang. Valachi claimed he was always the driver, but his involvement in this ended soon. He was replaced, but Valachi started his own gang.


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The Castellammarese War, Lucky Luciano, Dutch Schultz and Tom Dewey, Murder Inc., the Costello years, the intrigues of Vito Genovese, Valachi was on hand and his is the first detailed inside account of the formative years of the American Mafia. Compare The Valachi Papers to the nonsense written about the Mafia in the '50's.


Movie Review: The Valachi Papers (1972)
Valachi's role is that of an observer, enforcer, participant and enabler, rather than a plotter, which gives The Valachi Papers more of a street-level, gritty front-line view of organized crime compared to the rarefied air of the Corleones.


The Valachi Papers (aka The Canary That Sang)
In the end Joe Valachi was not exactly a big wheel in La Cosa Nostra but he was one of the first prime time rats to come to the forefront. This work is significant from that perspective. This book had significant influence on the world of the mafia which had remained very private prior to his public exclamations.


Movie Review: The Valachi Papers (1972)
The Valachi Papers features one of Charles Bronson's less stereotypical performances, in a role that sees him more animated that usual, and in the center of the action but, unusually for him, not in control of events.


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The Navajo language is a cornerstone of Navajo culture. Known to its speakers as Dine, DinÃ© navajo is An athabaskan language spoken 150,000 150000. People Although navajo is the-most Spoken Native american language in The.U., s it is rarely spoken outside of The navajo. reservation


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Navajo society is traditionally matrilineal, meaning that oneâs clan identity is derived from the female and not the male. In a traditional introduction, a Navajo person will first introduce himself or herself by naming the maternal clan, followed by the paternal clan.


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According to the Navajo worldview, the purpose of life is to achieve balance, in a continual cycle of gaining and retaining harmony. Through this exhibition, we will explore one aspect of Navajo creativity that exemplifies hozho Â hÃ³zhÃ³ their. Basketry when hozho hÃ³zhÃ³ has, been lost a ceremony is held to. restore balance


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âBilly Luther, MISS NAVAJO filmmaker. Navajo society is traditionally matrilineal, meaning that oneâs clan identity is derived from the female and not the male. In a traditional introduction, a Navajo person will first introduce himself or herself by naming the maternal clan, followed by the paternal clan.


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According to the Navajo worldview, the purpose of life is to achieve balance, in a continual cycle of gaining and retaining harmony. This exhibition explores one aspect of Navajo creativity that exemplifies hozho - hÃ³zhÃ³ their. Basketry when hozho hÃ³zhÃ³ has, been lost a ceremony is held to. restore balance


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Encompassing beauty, balance, order and harmony is the essence of the Navajo philosophy and thesis of this exhibition. Given there is no word in the Navajo language for religion or art, hozho hÃ³zhÃ³ describes both and is considered the essence of The navajo. philosophy


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To discover the culturally specific meanings of Navajo works of art, [one] is led into the depths and details of Navajo oral history, religion, ceremonialism. . . not to lose sight of Navajo art, but to find its roots, its links, and, most of all, its semiotic and aesthetic contexts.


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While the Navajo incorporate music into the course of daily activity (e. g., weaving songs, riding songs, corn grinding songs), music also plays a crucial role in the religious ceremonial complexes called Chantways. Of these, Nightway is considered to be the most effectual and is among the most frequently performed.


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Much of what is called asymmetry consists of enantiomorphs, binary pairs, and comple-mentary opposites. Male/female asymmetry is the most prominent and most wide-spread example of a binary pair that possesses complementarity and correspon-dence of form, but not exact symmetry.


1st Time Visitor
Welcome to Whitefish. 1  Find out how to get here. 2  Choose from one of more than 200 on-mountain condominiums, mountain homes, and hotel rooms. 3  Check out on-mountain restaurants and shops, as well as great offerings in the town of Whitefish.


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Sunrise: 06:18AM. Sunset: 08:17PM. Day length: 13h 59m. Solar noon: 01:17PM. The current local time in Montana is 77 minutes ahead of apparent solar time.


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Eastern Standard Time - is abbreviated as EST. Easternl Daylight Time- is abbreviated as EDT. Whitefish, Ontario is GMT/UTC - 5h during Standard Time. Whitefish, Ontario is GMT/UTC - 4h during Daylight Saving Time.


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Mountain Standard Time - is abbreviated as MST. Mountain Daylight Time- is abbreviated as MDT. Whitefish, Montana is GMT/UTC - 7h during Standard Time. Whitefish, Montana is GMT/UTC - 6h during Daylight Saving Time.


1st Time Visitor
Find out how to get here. Glacier Park International Airport is just 19 miles from Whitefish Mountain Resort, the Amtrak station is even closer, and the drive from all directions is beautiful. Choose from one of more than 200 on-mountain condominiums, mountain homes, and hotel rooms.


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Sunrise, sunset, day length and solar time for Montana. 1  Sunrise: 06:18AM. 2  Sunset: 08:17PM. 3  Day length: 13h 59m.  Solar noon: 01: 1 17PM. The current local time in Montana is 77 minutes ahead of apparent solar time.


Sunrise and sunset times in Whitefish, MT
April 2017 - Whitefish, Montana - Sunrise and sunset calendar. Sunrise and sunset times, civil twilight start and end times as well as solar noon, and day length for every day of April in Whitefish, MT. In Whitefish, MT, the first day of April is 12 hours, 56 minutes long. The last day of the month is 14 hours, 34 minutes, so the length of the days gets 01 hours, 37 minutes longer in April 2017. Loading photos... The followin graph shows sunrise and sunset times in Whitefish, MT for every day of the year.


The Average Cost to Re-Shingle a Roof
Slate roofs require little maintenance and yet can last from 80 to 100 years. Synthetic slate has many properties of the real thing, and is cheaper at $7 to $12 per square foot installed. This puts an average roof at $14,000 to $12,000.Natural slate is one of the most expensive roofing materials, but can raise the value of a home due to its character. It costs about $25 to $35 per square foot installed, or a total of $50,000 to $70,000 for the average roof.hey also last from 15 to 30 years, depending on the quality. According to Cost Owl, with prices accurate at the time of publication, re-shingling with this material costs from $2.75 to $4 a square foot, including installation over an existing shingled roof.


How Much Is It to Reshingle a Roof?
The cost to reshingle a roof depends on the size of the roof and materials used. The cost of reshingling a roof depends on many factors, but the two biggest factors are the type of shingle you select and the area of the roof measured in squares. A square refers to an area of 100 square feet.All roofing materials are priced and sold by the square.he cost of reshingling a roof depends on many factors, but the two biggest factors are the type of shingle you select and the area of the roof measured in squares. A square refers to an area of 100 square feet. All roofing materials are priced and sold by the square.


The Average Cost to Re-Shingle a Roof
However, if you want the previous roof removed, it costs an additional $1 to $2 per square foot. This means an average 2,000-square-foot roof costs $2,000 to $4,000 to have the previous material removed, and $5,500 to $9,000 for the new asphalt.hey also last from 15 to 30 years, depending on the quality. According to Cost Owl, with prices accurate at the time of publication, re-shingling with this material costs from $2.75 to $4 a square foot, including installation over an existing shingled roof.


The Average Cost to Re-Shingle a Roof
Tile roofs are also heavy, so are best avoided in areas where heavy snowfall can add weight to a structure. Concrete tiles run $4 to $9 per square foot installed, or $8,000 to $12,000 for an average roof. Ceramic tiles cost $6 to $12 a square foot installed, or a total of $12,000 to $24,000.hey also last from 15 to 30 years, depending on the quality. According to Cost Owl, with prices accurate at the time of publication, re-shingling with this material costs from $2.75 to $4 a square foot, including installation over an existing shingled roof.


Since You Can't Buy Stock in SpaceXâ¦
Investors hoping to buy stock in SpaceX will have to wait, but there are several other companies developing launch vehicles, orbitals, and crew capsules that you can own today. Orbital Sciences launches its first supply mission to the International Space Station, or ISS, later this week.


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This means that you only get access to SpaceX stock from people who already own it (basically the employees). There's a platform called EquityZen (buystock2016.tech) which links people like you to people who own stock through an organized / structured market (ie. available only for a short period of time).


How many shares of SpaceX stock have been issued?
Answer Wiki. As of 10/28/2010, there were 135,750,000 shares issued of common stock, and 101,750,000 shares of preferred stock (Series A - Series F). Views Â· View Upvotes.


SpaceXâs Share Price Climbs Further
SpaceXâs Share Price Climbs Further. Jun. SpaceX shares recently sold at a price 24% higher than the last fundraising round, a securities filing by Fidelity Investments indicates, a price that would value the firm at close to $15 billion.


SpaceXâs Share Price Climbs Further
Mentions SpaceX and Fidelity. SpaceX shares recently sold at a price 24% higher than the last fundraising round, a securities filing by Fidelity Investments indicates, a price that would value the firm at close to $15 billion.


When can I buy a SpaceX stock?
SpaceX recently closed a $1B Series E from investors including Founders Fund, Google, DFJ, and Fidelity Investments (link). This brings the company's total funding to $1.2B. Since SpaceX is still a private company (it's not trading on the stock market), you will only be able to invest via the secondary market.


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This means that you only get access to SpaceX stock from people who already own it (basically the employees). There's a platform called EquityZen (https://equityzen.com) which links people like you to people who own stock through an organized / structured market (ie. available only for a short period of time).


Will Elon Musk's SpaceX Go Public?
Will Elon Musk's SpaceX Go Public? SpaceX is a California-based rocket and spacecraft manufacturer founded by Elon Musk in 2002. SpaceX, also known as Space Exploration Technologies, is unique in that it operates via private funding rather than through government resources.


Since You Can't Buy Stock in SpaceXâ¦
Since You Can't Buy Stock in SpaceXâ¦. A look at the major players in commercial space transportation. Sorry, folks. Although Tesla and SolarCity have roared in 2013, Elon Musk has no plans to take SpaceX to the public markets. There are plenty of reasons it doesn't really make sense to go public, anyway.


SpaceX
Space exploration technologies redirects here. For other uses, see Outline of space technology. Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, better known as SpaceX, is an American aerospace manufacturer and space transport services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California.


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The 277 area code is NOT a valid area code. This area code is NOT officially assigned to a known Numbering Plan Area (NPA). The 277 area code is not assigned to a city/state location. In most cases with invalid area codes like 277, tend to be used by phone numbers from telemarketing companies.


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The 277 area code is NOT a valid area code. This area code is NOT officially assigned to a known Numbering Plan Area (NPA). The 277 area code is not assigned to a city/state location.


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There is no area code +1 277 in North America (USA, Canada, etc.). There is no area code 277 in Mexico (country code +52). Country code +27 is the Republic of South Africa. Mobile numbers begin with +27 7 and +27 8.


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There is no area code +1 277 in North America (USA, Canada, etc.). There is no area code 277 in Mexico (country code +52). Country code +27 is the Republic of South Africa â¦ . Mobile numbers begin with +27 7 and +27 8. (The plus sign means insert your international access prefix here..


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Area Code 277. The 277 area code appears to be a invalid, it may be spoofed. Phone calls originating from within the 277 area code often turn out to be a telemarketer, a telephone survey or bill collector trying to disguise their real phone number.


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If you received a phone call or text message from within the 277 area code please drop a comment about it, or lookup the phone number to see what other people know about the phone number. Below is a partial list of phone numbers and comments from other people about phone calls originating from the 277 Area Code.


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There is no area code +1 277 in North America (USA, Canada, etc.). There is no area code 277 in Mexico (country code +52). Country code +27 is the Republic of South Africa.


Area Code 277
The 277 area code appears to be a invalid, it may be spoofed. Phone calls originating from within the 277 area code often turn out to be a telemarketer, a telephone survey or bill collector trying to disguise their real phone number.


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There is no area code +1 277 in North America (USA, Canada, etc.). There is no area code 277 in Mexico (country code +52). Country code +27 is the Republic of South Africa â¦ .


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I have maintained a website about telephone numbering for 18 years. There is no area code +1 277 in North America (USA, Canada, etc.). There is no area code 277 in Mexico (country code +52). Country code +27 is the Republic of South Africa.


Untitled Prezi
A midwife is performing a physical examination of a primigravid client who's 8 weeks pregnant. At this time, the midwife expects to assess: fetal outline balottement. quickening Enlargement of the breasts A pregnant client in the last trimester has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of severe preeclampsia.


Postterm with favorable cervix: is induction necessary?
For low-risk pregnancies with normal labor, fetal HR must be checked after each contraction or at least every 30 min during the 1st stage of labor and every 15 min during the 2nd stage. For high-risk pregnancies, fetal HR must be checked every 15 min during the 1st stage and every 3 to 5 min during the 2nd stage.


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There are two methods of fetal heart rate monitoring in labor. Auscultation is a method of periodically listening to the fetal. heartbeat. Electronic fetal monitoring is a procedure in which instruments are used to continuously record the heartbeat.


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There are two methods of fetal heart rate monitoring in labor. heartbeat. of the fetus and the contractions of the motherâs uterus during labor. providerâs or hospitalâs policy, your risk of problems, and how your labor is going. risk factors for problems during labor, either method is acceptable.


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Traditionally, the cervix was expected to dilate about 1.2 cm/h in nulliparas and 1.5 cm/h in multiparas. However, recent data suggest that slower progression of cervical dilation from 4 to 6 cm may be normal (1). Pelvic examinations are done every 2 to 3 h to evaluate labor progress.


Untitled Prezi
Fetal heart rate of 180 beats/min Maternal pulse rate of 85 beats/min White blood cell count of 12,000/mm3 Increased urinary output A midwife is caring for a client in labor who is receiving oxytocin (Pitocin) by intravenous infusion to stimulate uterine contractions.


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When a womanâs membranes rupture, she should contact her physician immediately. About 80 to 90% of women with PROM at term and about 50% of women with PROM preterm go into labor spontaneously within 24 h; > 90% of women with PROM go into labor within 2 wk.


OB/GYN â Intrapartum
A nurse is caring for a client in labor and prepares to auscultate the fetal heart rate by using a Doppler ultrasound device. The nurse most accurately determines that the fetal heart sounds are heard by: Noting if the heart rate is greater than 140 BPM. Placing the diaphragm of the Doppler on the mother abdomen.


OB/GYN â Intrapartum
A nurse is monitoring a client in active labor and notes that the client is having contractions every 3 minutes that last 45 seconds. The nurse notes that the fetal heart rate between contractions is 100 BPM.


Untitled Prezi
To help determine whether the client is at risk for a TORCH infection , the midwife should ask: Apply an ice pack to her perineum. A midwife is caring for a client during the first postpartum day. The client asks the midwife how to relieve pain from her episiotomy .


The basics of group life insurance
Group life has two things going for it: 1  It's easy to qualify for coverage. 2  Unlike an individual life insurance policy, where you might be rejected, group life coverage is guaranteed and there are no medical questions.


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With coverage through an voluntary term life insurance policy, your employees have the freedom to select adequate levels of life insurance coverage to protect the well-being of their families.


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1 Minimum enrollment of 10 employees or 25 percent of eligible employees, whichever is greater. 2  All active, full-time employees working 20 or more hours per week. 3  Lawful spouse, and dependent children from 14 days to 21 years; 25 years if a full-time student.


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1 Dependent coverage â coverage for spouse and dependent children. 2  Portability â options for both employee and spouse to easily maintain the features and benefits of their current coverage; ported coverage does not terminate when master policy terminates. 3  Conversion â option to convert to individual whole life policy.


The basics of group life insurance
Another advantage of individual term life insurance is you can lock in the rate for 15, 20 or even 30 years. With a group life policy, your premium will increase as you age.


Is Your Employer-Provided Life Insurance Coverage Enough?
While your employerâs benefits package probably provides health insurance for your spouse, it wonât always provide life insurance for your spouse. If it does, the coverage could be minimal â $100,000 is a common amount â and that sum doesnât go far when you lose your husband or wife unexpectedly.


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Eligibility requirements. 1  Minimum enrollment of 10 employees or 25 percent of eligible employees, whichever is greater. 2  All active, full-time employees working 20 or more hours per week. 3  Lawful spouse, and dependent children from 14 days to 21 years; 25 years if a full-time student.


The basics of group life insurance
Group life insurance is a benefit offered by groups to their members -- most commonly by employers to their workers. With a group life insurance policy, the insurance contract is between the group and the insurance company, and the participating group members receive certificates of coverage.


Is Your Employer-Provided Life Insurance Coverage Enough?
Even if you can get all the life insurance you need for both you and your spouse through your employer, itâs a good idea to price shop to see if your employerâs supplemental insurance really offers the best value for the money.


The basics of group life insurance
Your group life insurance benefits can also end if the employer decides to terminate the policy for everyone in order to cut costs. Another reason not to rely solely on employer-sponsored group life is the small coverage amount.