1. A method for stimulating the proliferation of neuron stem cells (NSCs), inducing the NSCs to differentiate into neurons, and promoting the growth and development of neurons, comprising administrating a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of the following: (a) a compound represented by a general formula (IV): wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively; (b) a compound represented by a general formula (V): wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively; (c) a compound represented by a general formula (VI): wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively; (d) a compound represented by a general formula (VII): wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively; (e) a compound represented by a general formula (VIII): wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively; (f) a compound represented by a general formula (IX): wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively; (g) a compound represented by a general formula (X): wherein, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively; and (h) a compound represented by a general formula (XI): wherein, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 represent —H, —OH, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an isoprene group, respectively.