1. A system, comprising: one or more computing devices configured to implement a network-based discovery service configured to provide client resource discovery services for a plurality of clients over one or more networks; a data store configured to store discovery information for client network-based resource configurations; wherein the discovery service is configured to: provide, over the one or more networks for respective clients of the plurality of clients, one or more client-side discovery components configured to execute at a respective client network-based resource configuration and collect discovery information about the respective client network-based resource configuration; receive, over the one or more networks, the collected discovery information from the respective discovery components for the respective clients; store the received discovery information in the data store for the respective clients; analyze the discovery information to determine respective client network-based resource configurations for the respective clients; and generate representations of the determined respective client network-based resource configuration for the respective clients, wherein each respective client network-based resource configuration representation comprises: a description of a plurality of computer-based resources, and dependencies between at least some of the computer-based resources.