1. A system, comprising: one or more computing devices configured to implement a network-based discovery service configured to provide client resource discovery services for a plurality of clients over one or more networks, and a data store configured to store discovery information for client network-based resource configurations; wherein the discovery service is configured to: transmit, over the one or more networks for respective clients of the plurality of clients, one or more client-side discovery components comprising one or more connector components and a plurality of agent components, configured to execute at a respective client network-based resource configuration and collect discovery information about the respective client network-based resource configuration, wherein the one or more connector components are configured to be installed at the client network, receive discovery information from the plurality of agent components, aggregate the discovery information, and transmit the discovery information over the one or more networks to the discovery service; receive, over the one or more networks, the collected discovery information from the respective discovery components for the respective clients; store the received discovery information in the data store for the respective clients; analyze the discovery information to determine respective client network-based resource configurations for the respective clients; and generate representations of the determined respective client network-based resource configuration for the respective clients, wherein each respective client network-based resource configuration representation comprises: a description of a plurality of computer-based resources, and dependencies between at least some of the computer-based resources.