1. A stereo vision system for performing stereo matching a stereo image of right and left images captured by a stereo camera, the stereo vision system comprising: an image pre-processing unit for pre-processing the right and left images; and a stereo matching unit for carrying out stereo matching of the right and left images to acquire low-resolution distance information of the right and left images and high-resolution distance information of the right and left images upon detection of an object within a distance range through the low-resolution distance information.