1. Method of analysing a set of data representing physical quantities, including the steps of: decomposition (E 20 ) of the set of data on a plurality of resolution levels. first segmentation (E 21 ) of at least one sub-part of a given resolution level, into at least two homogeneous regions, said given resolution level not being the highest resolution level in the decomposition, characterised in that it includes the steps of; extraction (E 81 ) of contour data from the result of the segmentation of the previous step, second segmentation (E 25 ) of at least one sub-part of the resolution level higher than the given level into at least one homogeneous region, as a function of the contour data extracted.