1. A method for predicting the range of temperatures tolerated by a component, a piece of equipment or a structure of a vehicle comprising the following steps: measuring, by a computer processor, a plurality of extrinsic parameters relating to the climatic conditions and encountered by the vehicle, storing the plurality of extrinsic parameters over a determined period of operation of the vehicle in a database, determining, by a computer processor, for said piece of equipment, component or structure, a temperature probability spectrum as a function of the plurality of extrinsic parameters measured during the determined period of operation of the vehicle, in which the prediction of the range of temperatures is made over the full range of operation of the vehicle is a function of a specific combination of extrinsic parameters, according to the probability of occurrence thereof, for each piece of equipment, component, structure, by taking into account the possible combinations and by setting aside the unlikely combinations, and linking the results of said determining with the database, wherein said determining takes place over controlled constant or variable computation time steps to control a resolution of said determining.