1. A method of compensation of thickness of an object in a radiological imaging apparatus having radiation source and a means of detection of the radiation source after it has crossed the object, the means of detection being capable of converting the radiation source into a digital electronic signal, in which, from a digitized image, an image of the radiological thicknesses of the object crossed by the radiation source is calculated, the image of radiological thicknesses is filtered by a low-pass filter in order to obtain a low-frequency image, the low-frequency image of radiological thicknesses is subtracted in order to obtain a contrast image, the low-frequency image is processed by a prerecorded table or calculated in real time taking into account a contrast X chosen by a user in order to obtain an image with reduced dynamics and the image with reduced dynamics and the contrast image are added in order to obtain a compensated thickness image, the pixels of level lower or higher than a predetermined threshold having been brought back at least to the value of the threshold, while preserving the differences and the real relations between the internal structures of the object.