1. Method for the fragmentation (F) of images ( 14 i ) into homogeneous regions (R i ), this fragmentation (F) using iterative merges of fragments F i and F j which are as similar as possible according to at least one selection parameter, this similarity being evaluated by a product A*B of two factors A and B, A being consistent with a number of pixels and B being consistent with the selection parameters), characterized in that a merge is performed when the product A*B*C is less than a threshold consistent with the selection parameter, C being a factor consistent with the inverse of a number of pixels.