1. An image quality evaluation device for evaluating the quality of an image in which various pixels in the original image have been periodically thinned, or an image in which multiple pixels in the original image have been periodically summed on brightness, obtained by a shooting photographic subject including a periodic pattern that fluctuates periodically in one direction, wherein the image quality evaluation device includes: a Fourier transform unit that accomplishes a two-dimensional Fourier transform on the image to obtain two-dimensional spatial frequency spectrum components; and an analysis unit that, among the two-dimensional spatial frequency spectrum components obtained by the Fourier transform unit, analyzes the resolution of the image on the basis of spectrum components of spatial frequencies included in the periodic pattern, and analyzes the deterioration of the image on the basis of spectrum components other than these; wherein the analysis unit determines whether or not jaggies have occurred on the basis of the spectrum components of spatial frequencies corresponding to the period of the thinning or the brightness summing.