1. A computer-implemented method for evidence-based statistical diagnosis support, comprising: receiving reference data for a plurality of reference cases represented in a feature space, wherein each reference case of said plurality of reference cases is based at least partially on corresponding imaging data and is associated with non-image clinical information; segmenting the imaging data of each said reference case into a plurality of substructures for each of the plurality of reference cases; determining an anatomical property associated with each substructure of the imaging data of the plurality of reference cases; identifying a point in said feature space for each reference case based on at least said segmenting and said determining said anatomical property; receiving data for a subject, said data comprising an input image; segmenting the input image into a plurality of substructures; determining an anatomical and non-anatomical property associated with each substructure of the plurality of substructures of the input image; identifying a point in the feature space corresponding to the data for said subject based at least partially on the anatomical properties determined for said plurality of substructures of said standardized input image; selecting a subset of reference cases from said plurality of reference cases based on distances of said point in said feature space corresponding to said data for said subject to each point in said feature space for each reference case; and generating subject-specific clinical information based on the subset of reference cases using the corresponding non-image clinical information of each reference case in the subset of reference cases.