1. A calibration reference pattern, for automatically calibrating a vehicle camera, comprising: a first calibration reference sub-pattern, comprising a first characteristic pattern group, at least one straight line and a plurality of first grid lines, the first characteristic pattern group having at least two identical first characteristic patterns; and a second calibration reference sub-pattern, comprising a second characteristic pattern group and a second straight line, the second characteristic pattern group having at least two identical second characteristic patterns; wherein, the first characteristic patterns of the first characteristic pattern group are equidistant from a border of the first calibration reference sub-pattern, and the second characteristic patterns of the second characteristic pattern group are equidistant from a border of the second calibration reference sub-pattern.