1. A system including a hand-held or otherwise portable or a spatial or temporal performance-based image capture device, comprising: (a) a main optical system including one or more lenses, an aperture and a main sensor for capturing an original main image; (b) a secondary optical system including a secondary sensor that has a field of view that substantially overlaps the field of view of the main optical system and is configured for capturing one or more reference images including at least a first reference image that has temporal and spatial overlap with the original main image; (c) a processor; (d) one or more processor-readable non-transitory media having embedded programming code for the processor to perform a digital image processing method that comprises capturing, on the hand-held or otherwise portable or spatial or temporal performance-based image capture device, said original main image and one or more reference images, including said first reference image which has a temporal and spatial overlap with the original main image, on said main and secondary sensors, respectively, and the method further comprises enhancing the original main image based on analyzing the first reference image, wherein the enhancing comprises: (i) assessing on the device that the original main image includes one or more defects or otherwise sub-optimal characteristics based on information, image data or meta data, or combinations of the information, image data or meta data, of the one or more reference images including said first reference image relating to the one or more defects or otherwise sub-optimal characteristics of the original main image, and (ii) correcting on the device the one or more defects or otherwise sub-optimal characteristics in the original main image based on the information, image data or meta data, or combinations of these one or more defects or other sub-optimal characteristics, of the one or more reference images including the first reference image, wherein the correcting comprises modifying image data of the original main image to create a modified image comprising an enhanced version of the original main image; (e) a housing coupled at least with said one or more lenses, said aperture, and said main sensor of the main optical system, and with said secondary optical system including said secondary sensor that overlaps the field of view of the main optical system.