1. A camera array, comprising: a plurality of cameras configured to capture images of a scene, where each camera comprises: optics comprising at least one lens element and at least one aperture; and a sensor comprising a two dimensional array of pixels and control circuitry for controlling imaging parameters; and at least one spectral filter located within the camera, where each spectral filter is configured to pass a specific spectral band of light; wherein the plurality of cameras comprises a plurality of different types of camera, where cameras of a given type share the same imaging characteristics and different types of cameras have different characteristics including using different types of filters; wherein a camera that uses a first type of filter configured to pass a first spectral band includes a lens element having a first configuration for focusing light in the first spectral band and a camera that uses a second type of filter configured to pass a second spectral band includes a lens element having a second configuration for focusing light in the second spectral band; wherein the plurality of cameras includes a central camera and the plurality of cameras forms: at least one row of cameras above the central camera; at least one row of cameras below the central camera; at least one column of cameras to the left of the central camera; and at least one column of cameras to the right of the central camera; wherein cameras having the same type are located in locations selected from the group consisting of: locations including at least one row in the camera array above the central camera and at least one row in the camera array below the central camera; and locations including at least one column in the camera array to the left of the central camera and at least one column in the camera array to the right of the central camera.