1. An article inspection device, comprising: a x-ray machine; a collimation unit for shaping x-rays generated by the x-ray machine into a sector beam to project an article; a transmission detector array for detecting the x-rays transmitting through the article so as to form a two-dimensional image of the article; and at least one scattering detector array each comprising a plurality of same scattering detector modules arranged in a matrix of i-rows and j-columns, wherein a transmission cross section of the article transmitted by the x-rays is divided into a plurality of same sub-regions arranged in a matrix of i-rows and j-columns, wherein the plurality of scattering detector modules arranged in i-rows and j-columns correspond to the plurality of sub-regions arranged in i-rows and j-columns one by one for detecting pair production effect annihilation photons and Compton-effect scattering photons from the respective sub-regions produced by the x-rays, wherein obtaining atomic numbers of the respective sub-regions based on a ratio of the pair production effect annihilation photon count to the Compton-effect scattering photon count, so as to form a three-dimensional image of the article, wherein ‘i’ is a positive integer equal to or greater than 2 , and ‘j’ is a positive integer equal to or greater than 2.