1. A method of reducing structure factor phase ambiguity corresponding to a selected reciprocal lattice vector, the method comprising: generating an original phase probability distribution corresponding to a selected structure factor phase of the selected reciprocal lattice vector, the original phase probability distribution comprising a first structure factor phase ambiguity; combining the original phase probability distribution with a plurality of phase probability distributions of a plurality of structure factor phases of other reciprocal lattice vectors using a phase equation or inequality, the phase equation or inequality defining a mathematical relationship between the selected structure factor phase of the selected reciprocal lattice vector and the plurality of structure factor phases of other reciprocal lattice vectors; and producing a resultant phase probability distribution for the selected structure factor phase of the selected reciprocal lattice vector, the resultant phase probability distribution comprising a second structure factor phase ambiguity which is smaller than the first structure factor phase ambiguity.