1. A sophisticated surveying instrument with a coordinate board for position identification, consisting of a workbench, a coordinate board and two optical sensors, characterized in that: a workbench fastened to a coordinate board with several square grids of equal size forms a connected surveying instrument; inside said grids there is a recognizable icon readable for a apex coordinate; one of said two optical sensors projects against said workbench to define a starting point and a end point of an object while the other against said coordinate board, so as to identify said recognizable icon within a projected pixel block on said coordinate board and enter said projected image into an electronic computer for comparison, analysis and conversion, thus identifies the position of said pixel block's center on said coordinate board, defining a corresponding value of said starting point and end point.