1. A computer-implemented method of determining actions outside of a norm, comprising: transforming a state vector for an actor into a first sampled wave series representation, wherein the state vector identifies a characteristic for the actor in each of a plurality of categories; transforming a state vector for a population into a second sampled wave series representation, wherein the population state vector identifies a characteristic for the population; and comparing the first sampled wave series representation and the second sampled wave series representation to identify a deviation of the first wave series representation from the second wave series representation in a phase or a magnitude, wherein actions outside of a norm are determined based on an identified deviation in the phase or in the magnitude.