1. A method for identifying a piece of wood amongst a plurality of starting pieces of wood, characterised in that it comprises the operating steps of: preliminarily acquiring, through use of a machine, a tomographic reconstruction of each piece of wood of said plurality; taking a first piece of wood to be identified belonging to said plurality, there being the possibility that the first piece of wood is only part of a starting piece of wood; acquiring, through use of a machine, at least one piece of real X-ray information about the first piece of wood; selecting a tomographic reconstruction of one of the starting pieces of wood or a part of one of the starting pieces of wood; calculating, through use of a machine and based on the tomographic reconstruction, a piece of virtual X-ray information which could be obtained by acting on the piece of wood or on the part of piece of wood to which the reconstruction refers in the same way as was done for the first piece of wood to acquire the real X-ray information; comparing the real and virtual X-ray information obtained in this way to verify whether they at least substantially match; and repeating the calculation and comparison steps for a plurality of separate pieces of virtual X-ray information which can be obtained, based on the selected tomographic reconstruction, in the same way as for the first piece of wood for acquiring the real X-ray information; and/or selecting a different tomographic reconstruction available and reiterating the calculation and comparison steps and, if the verification step didn't return a positive result, the repetition and/or selection steps; finally, the method comprising identification of the first piece of wood with a starting piece of wood corresponding to a selected tomographic reconstruction for which the verification step returned a positive result.