1. A system for quantitative image quality assessment of an imaging system comprising: a target having one or more image features with varying spatial resolutions and predetermined spatial frequencies; an image capture device configured to capture an image of the target; and a computer having a processor, a memory, and computer executable instructions and configured to receive the captured image of the target, prepare one or more intensity profiles across the captured image responsive to the predetermined spatial frequencies of the target, and determine a modulation transfer function in a spatial domain responsive to the one or more intensity profiles.