1. An information acquisition and identification system comprising: a storage that stores image feature of a textured pattern formed on a component or a product; and a processor programmed to: extract an image of an information display body and an image of the textured pattern from an image including both the information display body for displaying information on the component, the product, or a product including the component as its component and the textured pattern formed on the component or the product, wherein the image of the information display body is obtained by removing a high frequency component corresponding to a dip and bump of the textured pattern from the image including both the information display body and the textured pattern, and the textured pattern is obtained by taking a difference between the image including both the information display body and the textured pattern and the image of the information display body obtained, acquire information on the component or the product from the extracted image of the information display body, and identify the component, the product, or the product including the component as its component by matching of the extracted image of the textured pattern with image feature stored in the storage.