1. A control unit for monitoring a motor vehicle, the control unit comprising: a plurality of inputs for receiving signals from a plurality of sensors provided on an intake system, an engine, or an exhaust system, the sensors being microphones, pulsation sensors, or strain gauges; and an analysis unit for analyzing the received signals, which are subjected to a Fourier transform, with a predetermined acoustic signature to determine an acoustic behavior of the intake system, the engine, or the exhaust system.