1. A method for determining the alignment of a motor vehicle wheel, comprising the steps of: mounting a three-dimensional target on the vehicle wheel, wherein the three-dimensional target comprises first and second target surfaces non-adjacent each other, each of the first and second target surfaces having a plurality of target elements with geometric characteristics and being configured in 3D space in accordance with three-dimensional relationships with respect to each other; acquiring a 2D image of the three-dimensional target using a camera; and determining alignment of the wheel using a spatial orientation of the three-dimensional target, derived from the 2D image and the three-dimensional relationships among the target elements.