1. A method for video encoding based on an image super-resolution, the method comprising: 1) performing super-resolution interpolation on a video image to be encoded using a pre-trained texture dictionary database to yield a reference image; wherein the texture dictionary database comprises one or multiple dictionary bases; each dictionary basis comprises a mapping group formed by a relatively high resolution image block of a training image and a relatively low resolution image block corresponding to the relatively high resolution image block; and the super-resolution interpolation comprises: image magnification and recovery of image details; 2) performing motion estimation and motion compensation of image blocks of the video image on the reference image to acquire prediction blocks corresponding to the image blocks of the video image; 3) performing subtraction between the image blocks of the video image and the corresponding prediction blocks to yield prediction residual blocks, respectively; and 4) encoding the prediction residual blocks.