1. An x-ray recording system for x-ray imaging of an object under examination via direct measurement of an interference pattern, the x-ray recording system comprising: at least one x-ray emitter, configured to generate quasi-coherent x-ray radiation; an x-ray image detector, including a detector layer and detector pixels disposed in a matrix; and a diffraction or phase grating, disposed between the object under examination and the x-ray image detector, configured to create an interference pattern, the interference pattern in the nth Talbot order being directly detectable by the x-ray image detector, including a very high achievable local resolution, which at least amounts to half the wavelength of the interference pattern in accordance with the Nyquist theory arising in the nth Talbot arrangement.