1. A method for estimating a fingerprint pose, comprising: inputting a fingerprint image to be estimated; extracting features from the fingerprint image to be estimated in all possible center positions and directions; scoring each feature via a classifier; and selecting a center position and direction corresponding to a feature of a highest score as a fingerprint pose estimation result; wherein the classifier is established by steps of: performing a standard fingerprint pose calibration for a plurality of training fingerprint images to obtain center positions and directions of the plurality of training fingerprint images respectively; capturing a positive sample image and a negative sample image having a fixed size from each training fingerprint image based on the center position and direction of the each training fingerprint image to obtain a positive sample image set and a negative sample image set; extracting an orientation field histogram feature from each positive sample image and each negative sample image respectively; classifying the positive sample image set into a plurality of groups of positive sample images according to the orientation field histogram features of all the positive sample images; training one classifier for each group of positive sample images according to the orientation field histogram features of the each group of positive sample images and the orientation field histogram features of all the negative sample images.