1. A method of detecting anatomical components in images, comprising: (i) receiving a medical image; (ii) detecting at least one anchor landmark in the image by applying an anchor landmark detector that is learned from a first set of training samples; (iii) detecting, by a processor, at least one bundle landmark in the image based at least in part on a position of the anchor landmark, wherein the bundle landmark is detected by applying a bundle landmark detector that is learned from a second set of training samples including positive and negative samples, wherein the positive samples include voxels close to any bundle landmark within a bundle of anatomical structures that are grouped based on similar characteristics and are associated with the bundle landmark detector, wherein the negative samples include remaining voxels in a local volume containing landmarks of one or more neighboring bundles; and (iv) detecting, by the processor, at least one anatomical primitive based at least in part on at least two neighboring landmarks by applying an anatomical primitive detector that is learned from a third set of training samples, wherein the third set of training samples includes positive samples extracted by sampling voxels located within a specific anatomical primitive and a voxel within the specific anatomical primitive is treated as an independent positive sample.