1. A method for imaging an object, the method comprising: (a) applying a structured periodic illumination to the object a plurality of times with a plurality of phase shifts of the structured illumination caused by relative movement between the structured illumination and the object; (b) taking a plurality of images of the object corresponding to the plurality of phase shifts; (c) estimating the plurality of phase shifts by determining a phase of a peak of a Fourier transform of each of the images taken in step (b) by a processor; and (d) reconstructing a 2-D image or 3-D image of the object using the plurality of images taken in step (b) and the plurality of phase shifts estimated in step (c).