1. An image processing apparatus that comprises at least a memory device and a processor, wherein the memory device comprises: a filter storing unit that stores a broad-sense pinwheel framelet or a pinwheel wavelet frame, having a degree, that is a set of an approximate filter with no orientation and a plurality of detail filters with respective orientations; and an image data storing unit that stores image data; the processor comprises: a decomposing unit that obtains subband signals by performing multiresolution decomposition on the image data using the broad-sense pinwheel framelet or the pinwheel wavelet frame; and a processed image acquiring unit that acquires processed image data formed by the subband signals in a decomposition phase of the multiresolution decomposition that have been obtained by the decomposing unit, or processed image data that has been reconstructed into an image by summing the subband signals in a synthesis phase of the multiresolution decomposition; and the decomposing unit further comprises a processing unit that performs attenuation or amplification of any of the subband signals in the decomposition phase of the multiresolution decomposition corresponding to at least one of the filters.