1. A method of detecting the 3D shape of an object ( 1 ) by photogrammetry, comprising the steps of providing point markers ( 3 ) and one or more area markers (R 1, R 2, R 3 ) on the surface of the object ( 1 ), each area marker (R 1, R 2, R 3 ) comprising a plurality of point markers ( 3 ), forming a background of the point markers ( 3 ), and having a surface area having a characteristic optical configuration, taking a plurality of photogrammetric images of the object from respective different views, performing an image processing of the images, in which first the area markers (R 1, R 2, R 3 ) respectively corresponding in the images are associated with one another using their characteristic optical configuration, and then the point markers ( 3 ) comprised by the area markers (R 1, R 2, R 3 ) and respectively corresponding in the images are associated with one another with the aid of the area marker association, and using the point marker association, determining the 3D shape of the object ( 1 ) by means of a photogrammetric evaluation process.