1. A method for determining a relative position of a first object in relation to a second object, comprising the steps of: providing at least one recording device for recording electromagnetic or acoustic waves wherein the at least one recording device has a defined positional relationship to the first object and is arranged so that waves originating from the second object are recorded at least partially by the at least one recording device, simulating recording of the electromagnetic and/or acoustic waves in a data processing device having one or more computer programs installed on the data processing device by arranging a model of the at least one recording device and a model of the second object in a virtual space, and determining the relative position of the first object in relation to the second object by providing measurement values recorded by the at least one recording device to the computer program and comparing the measurement values with values generated by the simulation and evaluating a similarity between the measurement values and the values generated by the simulation, deriving the relative position of the first object in relation to the second object from a relative position of the model of the at least one recording device in relation to the model of the second object in virtual space, if the result of the evaluation satisfies a predeterminable criterion, or changing, comparing again and reevaluating the values recorded by the at least one recording device or the values generated by the simulation or both by changing a position of the at least one recording device or by changing a configuration of the model of the at least one recording device or of the model of the second object in virtual space or a combination thereof.