1. A computing system, comprising: a memory configured to store images that are comparable to determine corresponding image patches of the images; a processing system to implement an approximation algorithm that is configured to: for multiple image patches in a region in a first image, determine corresponding image patches in a second image; perform iterations utilizing a nearby-pixel mapping evaluation and a random-perturbation mapping evaluation to determine and select the corresponding image patches in the second image; and perform a geometric warping action on at least one of the corresponding image patches in at least one of the iterations, the geometric warping action performed as at least a translation and an additional action, or as the geometric warping action without the translation.