1. A system for collecting and distributing traffic information, comprising: a vehicle-installed apparatus installed in each vehicle and configured to transmit data which comprises sensor data output by a sensor provided in the vehicle; and a center apparatus configured to receive and manipulate the data transmitted by the vehicle-installed apparatus, wherein the vehicle-installed apparatus comprises: an event detecting unit configured to detect an obstruction event on a road, from the sensor data; and a probe data transmitting unit configured to transmit probe data, wherein the probe data comprises an event label indicating a type of the obstruction event and position information on a position at which the obstruction event detected has occurred, in addition to the sensor data, and wherein the center apparatus comprises: a change point detecting unit configured to detect an event change point at which the sensor data in the probe data collected from a plurality of vehicles have changed in a correlated manner; an event section partitioning unit configured to partition a road into road sections at the event change point; an event assigning unit configured to assign an event label contained in the probe data to a corresponding road section; an event data storage unit configured to store event data composed of pairs of road sections and event labels assigned thereto; and an event data distributing unit configured to distribute the event data to the vehicle-installed apparatus.