1. A system for recognizing a target parking location of a vehicle, the system comprising: a scanning laser radar for detecting range data reflected and directed from a rear surface of the vehicle; a preprocessing unit for preprocessing the range data to extract effective clusters of the range data by removing clusters of which lengths are less than a threshold, clusters being continuous range data; a corner recognition unit for extracting obstacle corners from the effective clusters; and a parking location setting unit for recognizing a main reference corner and a sub reference corner from the obstacle corners to set a target parking location, the main reference corner being an obstacle corner closest to a subject vehicle and having an adjacent space satisfying an available parking space condition, the sub reference corner being an obstacle corner existing toward the adjacent space in a direction opposite to a vehicle width direction from the main reference corner and being a point on a closest effective cluster within a distance between a vehicle width and a vehicle length.