1. A system configured for tracking a human hand in an augmented reality environment, the system comprising: a distancing device configured to generate output signals conveying position information, the position information including positions of surfaces of real-world objects; and one or more physical processors configured by machine-readable instructions to: obtain the position information derived from the output signals of the distancing device, the position information conveying positions of surfaces of a human hand, the hand having a first hand feature, a second hand feature, and a third hand feature; determine, based on the position information, an estimated feature position of the first hand feature; and perform an iteration of: determining, based on the position information and the estimated feature position of the first hand feature, an estimated feature position of the second hand feature; determining, based on the position information and the estimated feature position of the second hand feature, an estimated feature position of the third hand feature; determining, based on the position information and the estimated feature position of the third hand feature, another estimated feature position of the first hand feature; comparing the estimated feature positions of the first hand feature to determine a difference between the estimated feature positions of the first hand feature; based on the difference being below a threshold distance, specifying a first feature position of the first hand feature as the estimated feature position of the first hand feature determined based on the estimated feature position of the third hand feature, a second feature position of the second hand feature as the estimated feature position of the second hand feature, and a third feature position of the third hand feature as the estimated feature position of the third hand feature; and based on the difference being above the threshold distance, perform another iteration using the estimated feature position of the first hand feature determined based on the position information and the estimated feature position of the third hand feature.