1. A method for hemodynamic assessment of a coronary artery based on medical image data of a patient, comprising: extracting patient-specific anatomical measurements of the coronary arteries from medical image data of a patient; calculating patient-specific boundary conditions of a computational model of coronary circulation representing the coronary arteries based on the patient-specific anatomical measurements of the coronary arteries; simulating blood flow and pressure in the coronary arteries using the computational model of coronary circulation and the patient-specific boundary conditions and modeling coronary autoregulation during the simulation of blood flow and pressure in the coronary arteries, wherein modeling coronary autoregulation during the simulation of blood flow and pressure in the coronary arteries comprises: adapting microvascular resistances at outlets of the computational model of coronary circulation downstream of each coronary artery stenosis in the computational model of coronary circulation based on a simulated pressure drop over the coronary artery stenosis, a simulated flow rate through the coronary artery stenosis, and flow rate split ratios calculated for branches in the coronary artery tree downstream of the coronary artery stenosis; and calculating a hemodynamic index for at least one region in the coronary arteries based on the simulated blood flow and pressure.