1. A method of decoding moving pictures by adaptively applying a plurality of quantization weight matrices to a macroblock, the method comprising: receiving an encoded stream of an input image, the encoded stream comprising at least one macroblock; for each macroblock that is an intra-block, the respective intra-block comprises information that specifies a plurality of quantization weight matrices for intra-blocks corresponding to the respective macroblocks, wherein the specified quantization weight matrices for intra-blocks correspond to a spatial characteristic of the respective macroblocks; for each macroblock that is an inter-block, the respective inter-block comprises information that specifies a plurality of quantization weight matrices for inter-blocks corresponding to the respective macroblocks, wherein the specified quantization weight matrices for inter-blocks correspond to a spatial characteristic of the respective macroblocks; performing a variable length decoding on the encoded image data; and inversely quantizing each variable length decoded macroblock by adaptively applying specified respected quantization weight matrices for the respective macroblock.