1. A method for localizing a person in surroundings equipped with fixed electrical appliances, said method comprising: measuring an electromagnetic field radiated by one or more of these fixed electrical appliances by means of a magnetometer carried by the person to be localized, identifying a fixed electrical appliance operating in proximity to the magnetometer by comparing the measured magnetic field with pre-recorded magnetic signatures, each pre-recorded magnetic signature being associated with a respective electrical appliance present in the surroundings, and localizing the person at least in part on the basis of pre-recorded items of information on the localization in the surroundings of the fixed electrical appliance identified by its magnetic signature.