1. A camera comprising a lens and a sensor to record an image focused by the lens, the sensor being configured to record the image in N color bands, wherein N equals a number of color bands, with the number and respective locations and widths of the N color bands being selected as a function of experimentation with preselected material spectra, varying band number, band location and bandwidth to determine optimum conditions of a preselected criteria, to optimize the image for processing of the image for separation of illumination and material components of the image.