1. A computer-implemented method for designing a resolution-enhanced plenoptic imaging system, the resolution-enhanced plenoptic imaging system comprising a plenoptic imaging system that captures a plenoptic image of an object and processing power that produces an estimate of the object from the captured plenoptic image, the method comprising: simulating operation of a current design of the resolution-enhanced plenoptic imaging system, the plenoptic imaging system performing a plenoptic imaging process that is modeled by a pupil image function (PIF) that relates an object to a plenoptic image formed by that object; estimating a metric that is a function of the object, based on modeling the plenoptic imaging process using the PIF; and iteratively improving the design of the resolution-enhanced plenoptic imaging system based at least in part on the estimated metric.