1. An x-ray recording system for x-ray imaging of an object under examination via direct measurement of an interference pattern, the x-ray recording system comprising: at least one x-ray emitter configured to generate quasi-coherent x-ray radiation; an x-ray image detector; and a diffraction or phase grating between the object under examination and the x-ray image detector, the diffraction or phase gating configured to create an interference pattern in an nth Talbot order, the x-ray image detector configured to directly detect the interference pattern in the nth Talbot order, the x-ray image detector having a resolution of at least half the wavelength of the interference pattern in accordance with the Nyquist theory arising in the nth Talbot order.