1. A video decoding method comprising: inverse transforming with a processing device a first block of transform coefficients by a transform matrix having a plurality of basis vectors into a corresponding second block of residual pixel values for a video image, wherein the transform matrix consists of integer elements, has basis vectors derived from one of a DCT and a KLT, has a DC vector, not all of the basis vectors being orthogonal but all of the basis vectors being within a predetermined deviation of the DC vector, norms of the basis vectors having respective deviations with respect to said DC vector less than 0.0015, having a maximum element deviation from said one of a DCT and a KLT less than or equal to 0.05, and each integer element being represented in one byte.