1. A method for recognizing deviations (D 3 ) of a surface ( 1 ) of an object, said method comprising the steps of: generating, via a computing unit, pre-specified machine-readable reference data (A 1 ); computing, via the computing unit, an at least sectionally parametric machine-readable description of the surface ( 1 ) as a target surface model (D 4 ), said at least sectionally parametric machine-readable description of the surface ( 1 ) being computed based at least in part upon the pre-specified machine-readable reference data (A 1 ); capturing, via a sensing unit, measured data (D 1 ) of the surface ( 1 ), said sensing unit being configured to capture data at least one tactilely, optically, or via sounds, the sounds comprising at least one of ultrasonic or a radar; and performing, via the computing unit, a comparison of the measured data (D 1 ) of the surface ( 1 ) captured via the sensing unit with the pre-specified machine-readable reference data (A 1 ), the comparison being carried out based upon said target surface model (D 4 ), wherein the target surface model (D 4 ) is computed, via the computing unit, from the pre-specified machine-readable reference data (A 1 ) using statistical methods, with a plurality of different data sets of reference data (A 1 ).