1. A camera, comprising: an optical system for focusing an image; a sensor array comprising a plurality of pixels, the sensor array configured to capture image data; a diffraction grating positioned between the optical system and the sensor array, the diffraction grating comprising an array of diffraction segments for diffracting, blending, and spreading a spectrum of incident light toward a corresponding group of pixels in the sensor array, wherein the diffraction grating comprises a first diffraction segment including slits running along a first axis of the diffraction grating and a second diffraction segment including slits running along a second axis of the diffraction grating, the second axis different from the first axis; a memory for storing one or more spatial models; and a controller coupled to the sensor array and the memory, the controller configured to reconstruct unblended spectral and spatial components of the image from the captured image data and one of the spatial models.