1. An apparatus for estimating a position of a camera within an environment, the apparatus comprising a processor and a memory storing executable instructions that, in response to execution by the processor, cause the apparatus to implement at least: an imaging engine configured to receive a two-dimensional (2D) image captured by a camera within an environment, the 2D image having corresponding metadata with structured information indicating an estimated position of the camera within the environment; a rendering engine configured to interpret the metadata to identify the estimated position of the camera, and render a synthetic 2D image from a three-dimensional (3D) model of the environment, the synthetic 2D image being rendered by a synthetic camera within the 3D model at the estimated position of the camera within the environment as indicated by the metadata; a correlation engine configured to correlate the 2D image and synthetic 2D image to identify a 2D point on the synthetic 2D image that is a point of correlation to a corresponding 3D point in the 3D model; a projection engine configured project a line from the synthetic camera and through the 2D point on the synthetic 2D image rendered in an image plane of the synthetic camera, where the projected line intersects the 3D model at the corresponding 3D point therein; and an estimation engine configured to determine a refined position of the camera, based at least in part on the 2D point and corresponding 3D point, including the estimation engine being configured to reposition the synthetic camera to a new position of the synthetic camera at which a projection line from the synthetic camera through the 2D point intersects the corresponding 3D point, and output the new position of the synthetic camera as the refined position of the camera.