1. A video decoding method comprising: receiving from a video encoder a bit stream representing encoded video images; inverse quantizing the bit stream according to quantization performed by the video encoder to produce inverse quantized data; inverse transforming the inverse quantized data that includes a first block of residual pixel values, by a transform matrix having a plurality of basis vectors to produce a corresponding second block of residual pixel values for a video image, wherein the transform matrix: consists of integer elements, has basis vectors derived from a DCT, has a DC vector, not all of the basis vectors being orthogonal but all of the basis vectors being within a predetermined deviation of the DC vector, none of the basis vectors have a norm that differs more than 0.0015 from a norm of the DC vector, having a maximum element deviation from said DCT less than or equal to 0.05, and each integer element being represented in one byte, and wherein any inner product between two of the basis vectors is less than 0.003.