1. A system including a hand-held or otherwise portable or spatial or temporal performance-based image capture device, comprising: (a) one or more lenses, an aperture and a main sensor for capturing an original main image; (b) a secondary sensor and optical system for capturing one or more reference images including at least a first reference image that has temporal and spatial overlap with the original image; (c) a processor; (d) one or more processor-readable media having embedded therein programming code for the processor to perform a digital image processing method that comprises capturing, on a hand-held or otherwise portable or spatial or temporal performance-based image capture device, said original main image and one or more reference images, including said first reference image, having a temporal or spatial overlap or proximity with the original image, or combinations thereof, on said primary and secondary sensors, respectively, and the method further including enhancing the main image based analyzing the first reference image; and (e) a housing coupled at least with said one or more lenses, aperture, and primary sensor, and with said secondary optical system and secondary sensor.