1. A system for localizing a mobile robot using external surveillance cameras, the system comprising: a control unit that recognizes an object and an obstacle included in received surveillance camera images through a shadow removing scheme and a homography scheme, creates a moving path to allow travelling while avoiding the object and the obstacle, and generates a corresponding control signal to control components other than the control unit; a sensing unit that senses a steering angle and rotation of a driving motor and transmits the steering angle and the rotation of the driving motor to the control unit; a traveling unit that generates driving force by the control signal; a steering unit that performs steering along the moving path by the control signal; a communication unit that transmits images, which are obtained from the surveillance cameras, to the control unit; and a power supply unit that supplies power to components other than the power supply unit.