1. A system for measurement of three-dimensional motion of an object, comprising: a light projection means configured to project, for a plurality of distinct time intervals, light of at least two different colors with a cross-sectional pattern of fringe lines on to a surface of the object; an image acquisition means for capturing an image of the object during an exposure time, wherein the plurality of distinct time intervals are within a duration of the exposure time; and an image processing means configured to process the image to obtain a different depth map for each color based on a projected pattern of fringe lines on the object as viewed from a position of the image acquisition means, to determine corresponding points on the depth maps of each color, and to determine a three-dimensional motion characteristic of the object based on the positions of corresponding points on the depth maps.