1. A method for determining a material property of a workpiece, the method comprising: illuminating a surface of the workpiece with illuminating radiation; recording at least one image of the illuminated surface; converting the at least one image in a spatial frequency domain; and determining the material property comprising at least one of a material type and a surface condition of the workpiece based on a statistical analysis of the at least one image converted into the spatial frequency domain, wherein at least one of the material type and the surface condition of the workpiece are determined on the basis of at least one of an anisotropy of the frequency distribution of the spatial frequencies and at least one direction-independent property of the frequency distribution of the spatial frequencies of the image converted into the spatial frequency domain.