1. A method for determining a localization error for a point of a raw image each point of the raw image with image coordinates in the raw image being associated with announced terrain coordinate values defining the geographical localization of the object represented by the point of the raw image; the method comprising the following steps: providing an exposure function associating each point of the raw image with corresponding terrain coordinates, the exposure function using the magnitudes having a known probability law as parameters of the magnitudes depending on the exposure conditions of the raw image, the magnitudes having a known probability law; providing a terrain model connecting the terrain coordinates to one another; deducing, from the exposure function and the terrain model, at least one localization function giving, for a given point of the raw image, at least some of the terrain coordinates for localizing the object shown by the point of the raw image as a function of the magnitudes depending on the exposure conditions of the raw image, estimating, using the probability law of the magnitudes and at least one localization function applied for the image coordinate point of the raw image, the value of a statistical magnitude characteristic of a probability law of at least one of the terrain coordinates associated with the point of the raw image; and deducing the localization error of the point of the raw image from the value of the statistical magnitude.