1. A system for measuring group velocity dispersion of a sample, the system comprising: a Fourier domain optical coherence tomography imaging system configured to acquire spectral interference data corresponding to a region of a sample; and a processor coupled to the Fourier domain optical coherence tomography imaging system, the processor configured to: convert the spectral interference data into spatial image data; apply a phase to the spectral interference data to modify a spatial domain image; and compare a first phase expression corresponding to the region of the sample to a second phase expression to derive a measure of group velocity dispersion associated with the sample.