1. An optronic system for identifying an object, comprising: a photosensitive sensor; communication means; and a computerized processing means which reconstructs the object in three dimensions on the basis of the images captured by the sensor and identifies the object on the basis of the reconstruction, wherein the photosensitive sensor records images of the object representing the intensity levels of an electromagnetic radiation reflected by the surface of the object captured from several observation angles around the object and the communication means transmits the images to the computerized processing means to reconstruct the object in three dimensions by means of a tomography function configured to process the images of the object representing the intensity levels of an electromagnetic radiation reflected by the surface of the object.