1. A depth map super-resolution processing method, comprising: firstly, performing image acquisition on the same scene in a first position and a second position, and respectively acquiring a first original image (S 1 ) and a second original image (S 2 ); acquiring a low resolution depth map (d) of the first original image (S 1 ); secondly, performing the following processing: 1 ) dividing the low resolution depth map (d) into multiple depth image blocks; 2 ) respectively performing the following processing on the depth image blocks obtained in step 1 ); 21 ) performing super-resolution processing on a current block with multiple super-resolution processing methods, to obtain multiple initial high resolution depth image blocks having the resolution the same as that of the first original image (S 1 ); 22 ) traversing the multiple high resolution depth image blocks obtained in step 21 ), respectively combining corresponding image blocks in the first original image (S 1 ) which correspond to the current block, and synthesizing multiple image blocks corresponding to the second original image (S 2 ) by using an image synthesis technology according to a relative position relationship between the first position and the second position, which are defined as multiple synthesized image blocks; 23 ) traversing the multiple synthesized image blocks obtained in step 22 ), respectively calculating a matching degree between each synthesized image block and a corresponding block in the second original image (S 2 ) which corresponds to the current block, determining the synthesized image block with the highest matching degree, and determining a high resolution depth image block corresponding to the synthesized image block with the highest matching degree as an ultimate high resolution depth image block of the current block; and 3 ) integrating the high resolution depth image blocks of the depth image blocks into one image according to positions of the depth image blocks in the low resolution depth map (d), to obtain a super-resolution processing map of the low resolution depth map (d).