1. An image-based situation recognition device, comprising: a camera that captures an image, wherein the entire captured image is divided into a plurality of regions, and wherein each of the divided regions is mapped to a template defining a characteristic of the each of the divided regions; and a control unit that detects an object in the captured image, and determines a situation of the object according to the template mapped to the region including the detected object; wherein the template defines a behavioral characteristic of the object detected in the region, wherein the control unit compares a behavior of the object detected in the region with the behavioral characteristic of the object defined in the template to determine the situation of the object, wherein, among the divided regions, regions having the same characteristic are grouped, and then mapped to the same template, and wherein the characteristic includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a sidewalk, a vacant lot, a drivable way and a drive direction.