1. A method of authenticating images received from a client device and providing authenticated image files, the method being implemented by an authentication server having one or more processors programmed to perform the method, the method comprising: receiving, by the authentication server, an image file from the client device via a network; responsive to receipt of the image file, obtaining, by the authentication server, authentication information, wherein obtaining the authentication information comprises determining, by the authentication server, a server-derived date and time, wherein the server-derived date and time includes a date and time at which the image file was received from the client device at the authentication server and is independent of a client-derived date and time determined at the client device; obtaining, by the authentication server, first date and time information from an image authentication application executing at the client device and in communication with the authentication server, wherein the first date and time information comprises information obtained by the image authentication application that indicates a date and time that the image authentication application was opened at the client device; determining, by the authentication server, one or more timing requirements have been satisfied, wherein the one or more timing requirements includes a requirement that the image file be received by the authentication server, as indicated by the server-derived date and time, within a predefined time period after the date and time that the image authentication application was opened at the client device; generating, by the authentication server, an authenticated image file based on the image file and the authentication information responsive to at least the determination that the one or more timing requirements have been met; receiving, by the authentication server, through a third party site different from the client device and the authentication server, a request for the authenticated image file or the authentication information; and responsive to the request, providing, by the authentication server, the authenticated image file or the authentication information.