1. A heterogenous wideband antenna array apparatus comprising: a first sub-array comprising one or more antenna elements congruent to a first antenna element which is optimized to operate within a first frequency range; and a second sub-array comprising one or more antenna elements congruent to a second antenna element which is optimized to operate within a second frequency range; wherein: the first frequency range is different from the second frequency range; the first antenna element is not congruent to the second antenna element; and antenna elements of the first sub-array and antenna elements of the second sub-array are interleaved such that at least one antenna element of the antenna array apparatus is surrounded by antenna elements which are not congruent to the at least one antenna element.