tlwir lilandn. _., (1'011. 1)<1<1), lndi,w dlic·i,111-y whklt r(s11ILs In 11wn1:tl and j~rowth r<t:11tln11on,., Clllllll1Cll1 Ill r,111. II... 1.,.,,. 11,·car,.. old and :. 1h CJV(!, and i11 pn·gn1111l Utttl lac·t:1t111i-: rnntlwr,. (N,,tlon. 11 Nutri Lion <:crnnl'i l, t</<Jt JJ. An, n,c,~i"t,,riou.-. lwnllh n111nrn,unong t 1..-. vo1111~~. aecordin R l n I he Vv I II) is I lie I act 1h:1t :111110,;t I in <'\'l't)' :~ l'ilipitw nd1,1t-»1·,11lo. : 11g1-<l 1:1 tu LS ~=1110k1· l'ii. ;11relles (f'nn·:tll;i, :ioo7) Maternal mortality l\htll'r11:1I nwn. 11i1, i< 11 m:n11r iuclic. 1lor nf a \\u11w11·,-h,·:ilth s1n111s. II i,, <li!lir11:d hy tlw \,'IHI 11'-th< t!1·t1tlt n J ti 11t1rr11111 ultill' J>r<'!J"""',,,. withi11,'/:! days of l<"r111i T1ut in11 of 111rqm11wr1 rrr,,,,,,·r11·t 11( t/11',Jur 11tw11 unti,1,,. ~it(' vj rl H: 1n·1·y11,11/C'!f. fi-tn11 <lll!J c't11rs, n·lut, ti ro. ur cwµrt1l'<If11l ''!I tlw 11r,,y11t111n, or its 111cu,c19,111,·11/. 1>111 /l(lt. frr,111 CJrrirfrnt"I nr in.-idrnta/ cu,,,,~. Tiw rnatlr11af mortality nilc in 2000,w,. o. : 2/ 1 noo I ivc hirt 11_, (/II rn. 21106 ). 'I11c lt-adin~ rmt'-''' nf nl'l!t'n1af mortali t} in :t. 004 w(re: (1) nr 111,r r·omplicntiom:,·clntetl l<l prc~urmr~ t)('('umn~ 111 the ro UT'-l' vflal Hir., lt·livcry.,nd p111>rprrium: (:. !) hypr·rt1n Ai r,n C'>rn1lit-,11in;: f'"''~r1.,n,"··,·hildh1rth ;111d pue. rpcrium; (;3) poslpnr111m hcmnrrh;i J. tt: (4) prt>~nanr) "''" :,h.,n1,·; 01111.,,ml. '; and. (~) hemorrfw)';c in curl~· prcitnancy (. :!00-1 Phihprini ll,. 1lth ~tal1-Lic. ). Matem;il mortality ~hould fl<,·i<n~rd within the greater contcx1 of womcn'i; health. Anal~,,~ 11!' ""m·n·~ ponr he:ihh ;in<l malt:n1~,J 111ort:ility should c1111si<ler the '"'t'rafl ,,odnl. r,1lt 11ml. J)n,I 1'<-·1111,11nk f. '11Vir1111 men l. The woman who <lies frnnl prc~11;1 ncy· relull'ti,·. :111,,·<,. rn<>r,. J,l«b 111,,., pi>Ur, "ith lo"' rd L1c111io11;if status. :r 1111rf1ipara, :wrl ;111111w '. ;!11rt tik, J\,h,· 1·ome" frmn :on area wh,rr· I ht· n111enalal !>cn·it. ·c" ciro in:ic-,, <tlilc· irnn,p1n (;,·ilit1<<. ar P poor; supplyt Jfblood for lr~rnsftr,_i,,n j., inadeq1ralc; ,.,t.."ll dn,;;,.,uppli,..; and L~~11ipm<>n l. ire not 11\';iilribfc; and adcqualcly skflled help in labor and d P)f\1·r:, 1 nt>l n Yallabl:. Elderly Prub. 1bh 1h,· mu-:1 commr,n lv doc-umen 1ed prt>blcms of nlclcr p-eoplc nr<· !hose wlat,r J 1,, · t hr,r h,:dt h. ;,i:cr,rdi~g IO th" !)() 11. I he d<lcrly suffer fr<Jm I he Mdv11 bl!: burd,n· nf ci;;<'n r:m:,·,,nd communir:1b fc· dist':l'..,;s. 'Inc· f<"ading ~11,-. cs of murl,iuity among,,Id,, f Y'tlfll· ;,r, infl11(!!17~l. rnrunwn i:, and TIJ. '/'Jw lr·:iclirlg ('. :. l\JS(!t,,,r 111,11-iality are c~1r,Jj,,-,-,..,ntl;,r d1va~,.... pnr-11rno11i;1, m:1fi~n. in 1 nenpl:,<. ms, Tll, COl'I >, di:1bc:rc. c; mel!Jtu-;, J!llt. !Tfllnt.-. 1,n. :if u It,..,., nc rid Pnl.., ~,n<l inj11ri1:,,, n,·phrit is, 11cph rolic i. yn<l ronic and n"phm,1s,u,,J vptiu:mia ( PHS 20<,c J in :s'Oli :. mo5). TI1,; prc,. iltm,,,fn11lnli,Jnal ciihr'i n1·ydisor<lcrs nmm1g older people is hii;. h: nncniia, 45'""; rh1«m1nr d11u·u n,·. 1:;',, :incl nhf Jll;nin. 12%. Thtn· :He more r,lclcr won1cn (16",',J th:rn old. ·r n Rn /11',J "hn ~,rr 11nrl1·rwr·ipit (N;11i,,n:J I lle;1Jtlt 01,jecti,·cs, 1. 44). According M th Food. ind-Su1n111,n R,,, ar·h ln«titute (2001:21} LJ,~· prcvale11cc uf chmnic,..nt·rzy dcftcit-n e> 1:< h1~h.-r in f<·m Alr, tlwn in mllfc-,;, ;,nd the :-. cvcri ty i ncn. msl!S uith a~e · fo 1995 thl·n· wcr,· 345 ooo.,,,0,,11· cit11tn<: (9. 2%) with sonw lvp( nf (lio;;1hility. Low v1,1on........ th· rnu-1 ·11mrnon l"'-)X't u,11~ arn<mi. :,-fdc-rl. 1,~r,m,·n (,1,, 1 'J/, :,o. ; comp::ircd lo 3',,......,. ; nmofl_i: d J..rf~ m,·n). Thc <,th,:r tvp,·, 11( di,;1hil1ty tli,,t olrl,·r p,·t)pk suffer from 1,"cn,leal T16s (partial and total), poor lwanng, hlin<lnc,s (par1ial and tuta J) nnd pa~ll i,,i!> (?-:so, :,_(,c11 ). 