d tins community Diagnosis iss Steps in con uc, Determining the Objectives 157 Defining 1he Study Population 157 Determining the Data to be Collected 158 Collecting the Data 158 Developing the Instrument 161 Actuill Data Gathering 16B Data collation 169 Data Presentation 171 Data Analysis 174 Identifying lhe Community Health !Nursing Problems Priority-s etting 17s II f Public Health Tools in Commun ity Health Nursing App canon o Demography 179 Sources of oemograph ·lc Data 179 Population Size 1so Population Composition Population Distribution Vital Statistics 1s4 181 183 Epidemiology 186 The Multiple Causation Theory 186 Natural History of Disease 188 Levels of Prevention of Health Problems 188 Concept of Causality and Associatio n 191 The Epidemiolo gical Approac h 192 Descriptive Epidemiology 192 Analytica l Epidemio logy 197 lnterventional or Experimental Epidemiology 198 Evaluation Epidemiology 19s Conclusion 199 CHAPTER 8 174 179 Planning for Community Health Nursing Programs and Services Luz. iklrbara P. Dones Introduction 202 What Is Planning? 202 Approaches to Planning Health Programs 203 Participatory Planning for Community Health 203 Planning for Health Promotion 204 The Planning Cycle 206 Situationa l Analysis 206 Goal and Objective Setting 212 Strategy and Activity-Setting 213 Oeveloplng an Evaluation Plan 214 Conclusion 220 202 JI 