-111utrtt Jon and Metabolic pattern -Elimination pattern 1, 1, " ,1 1, Actiyity­ Exerc:ise Pattern Subjective Cues {Susllt Ste d que5ttons) Op you know nutritional neea. s In pregnancy? Relationshlp between weight gain and fetal development? Food likes & dislikes? Restrictions cravings & feod taboos? ' Vitamin and mineral supplements? Experienc e In taking lrori tablets? What discomfo11ts related to eating & digestion do you experience? Manage_menti' Fluid fhtake? Fiber intake? What changes in ellmlnat1on (urinary and bowel) are you experiencing? Management? Use of. laxatives & stool softeners?. History of urinary tract infections? What do you usu!llly do doing the day? Do you ·have any change in your activity level since you got pregnant ? Are the're any changes in your 1,athing/hygienic pra ctlces? How do you feel about tl\is? How is your level of·energyi"Experlence of shortness of breath? Do you experience any back pains, varicosities and eramps; other body pains? ' What do you think about prenatal exercises? · Do you have any previou~ Injuries/ joint problems that are affecling your activity? Hrstory/cunrent cardiovascular/respiratory diseases? DETERMINING OUTCOMES OF CARE Objective Cues Weight (gain or loss) Height; Results of a 24 hour dietary recall or typical food Intake; Condition of the oral cavity Swallowing; Signs of anemia; Parasitism; Results of C8C(Hemoglobin, Hemato orlt); Thyrord gland enlargement Bowel sounc!s; Flatulence, Hemorrhoids; Bladder distention ; Results of urinalysis & fecalysis; frequency and pattern of urination and defecatio n Vital signs; Fetal heart·rate; Chest examination; Range of motion; Posture & musculo­ skeletal deformities/ problems; Varicosities; Areas of tenderness/ pain An outcome of care is the health state of a client resulting from health care. It can be used to assess quality of care. When the expected outcome is dear, it is easier to reflect the inputs of the team on the health of the client. The NOC (2008, p 462) lists 13 areas of knowledge on labor and delivery. When the nurse assesses knowledge on birthing options, effective strategies on promoting comfort on and the birth process using the criteria of 1 (no knowledge) to s (having substantial knowledge), it becomes easier to keep tra. ck of the gaps in knowledge that the health care provider need to fill up. 303 