of their developmental task;;. l lt11llh. in this partleulnr instance. is considered ns an important resource in cduration. The major con;;itlcratiom: in sdwol nursi11 practice i11clude l:,ws such as the Child and )'outh Wdfan Co<1e ( l'D tw:,) and Letter of tm<I n1t·tinn 7(JI [rlcrlnrin,. : the School Health Proram th, priority pro)!. 1'11111 ol° the nnlionnl i;ow·rnntt. mt); policies and standards,,f the lkpa11 n1cnt,,f Ed11c:1 I ion ;u1J the t Hl I I. and. sl:lncb rds nf the 11 ursing profes. '<ion. And probably nmn· import. int i ntlu,·nc,·s an· I It,;-scwio N·onn111 it: rca. lit ies in thesc:honll'. home. '-, co11111111nitir;:. nnd l,w,11 gm·Lrnmrnt units (1. <'ills). Jusl like workt·rs i. n their workpln,:cs. :<chool ehildren who nn: in school ;ire 1,;c111·r. illy well. For this reason. ll Hlst of the :1et i,ities of sdu,ol 1111rs1·s arc fnc11stcl 1111 hculth advocacy. health promotion. di,,,asc 1')rc,·1n1i,1n and ('arl_,, d,t.."<'Linn 11( di,;<!r,s,·. More specifically. mirst,-; p,·rform: r 1) hl·:ilth and 11111ritio11 :1,. :s1·ssmc11t. s<.-rct11i111;, :111d l'. :lse­ fin<lin,;: (:!) ln. 'al111l!l1t pf l'llllllll VII ail llll'llt S and :II l<'l Hlini: to l. 'llll'l"). :("llt'. )' C';1St,'1,: C:-1) counseling and he,1lth L'dl K':llion: (. 1) 1111r::;ini,: proccdurc:;;: (5) supen'isi(>n ufthc health and safety o( the,;chonl: and (6) reforr,1ls nnd foll,iw-up,: of pupils and personnel. On top of these. the nurse rna11agc:-< lhl! sc. :hool clinic, nmnitnr:-: ;111(1 evaluates hcallh progr:,ms and projccls, For 11 detailed prc. entation of the nctivitics vf schvul 11111"ses. rcfur lo Ch. ipter 4 of the NLPGN 's book l'ul>licllealll1 Nursing in the Philimii11es (:2007). <;OMMUNITY-BASED CASE MANAGEMENT W'hile there is no clear agreement :thnul thr dcfi11itin11 nnd romponcnl aclivilies of case numascm,mt, it. <. Ust. ! i:-: bused nu the ussumption that people with eomplcx he,ilth problems need :1ssi:;tnnce in usin1-: the hl!althc. 1ri-s,slcm dfr,·tivrly (Rheaume and others,. 1994). Casemanagcmcut isnhou td10iceandc111powermcn1 for people. To achieve these, case managers nc J. ?<l to be accessible and act ns people',; advoc:itc (Thornicroft, 1991). Bergen (1992) divides 1-ive tlisti1u:1 phases of ca$c finding. assei-smcnt and need/ problem identification, desi )!. n and implementation of ca1·c pac. ka1-:cs, monitoring or reassessment, which lead to the last ph. asi: of case doslu-c or repetition of the cycle. The responsibilities of the case manaer, are, therefore, to assess,,uonitvr. nrnluallr plan and nctivate intesventicm::; and coorclinnt P. hc:1lthcare services to the indivi<luali z. ed needs of patients and tl1cir families (L::thridgc and Lamb, 1989: Gibson an J others, 1994). To achieve this, Meisler and M idycttc (1994) specify live roles of n nurse case manager: manager. clinician, consultant, educator and resca. reher. A manager's role involves financial accountabil ity in terms of evaluatin g and monitoring costs and resources. As a clinician, the nurse case manager develops and manages plan of care for a specific patient trpe or population thrnu)!. h cnordinating with hoi.-pital staff for the discharge. plan and the rest of the team for th1:e hornc-base<l <:are. As consultnnt, the case m1111ager collol)oratcs with the multi-disciplinary le. am, sen. :cs,1:; a patient liaison, offers clinical support nn<l expertise, coordinate.., consnltatfons and encour:iges ptltient and family pnr Licipation. The cducntor's rnlc inclmlcs explainin g the use of a patient's care plm,, involvin g tbe entire team in the total i:wocc,ss of c,q1·c and updating the team of practice cb. angcs. As a researcher, Lhe cusc ma11np. cr rontinuousl y monitors and evaluates outcomes and costs. Case management aims to acl1ieve quality and access wh. i1c nutna)!. ing cost in a seamless healtl1 care system. It is a systernatit 11rocess llrnl hopes to achieve cost effective, high quality, comprehensive health service. " for clients across a continuum of care. 43.. _ .. Sl;<:tmo;u wilii Cam St;arn11::1 