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# Several Methods to Teach Reading to Early Childhood

- February 2021

- International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research 1(2):36-39

- 1(2):36-39

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## Abstract

One of the challenges now faced by the parents of young children, especially at the early childhood level of education is to teach reading. This paper aims to find out some more effective ways to teach reading to the children. The method discussed in this paper include: using children’s songs and books, using game card , through guessing game, using variety of study applications, and the parent’s patience. The results of the study show that in order to teach reading to early childhood, the parent or teacher must be able to choose a method that suits the child's situation, abilities and interests. Thus, it will able to increase children's ability and interest in reading and avoid boredom.

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International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education

Research

Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 36-39, 2021

e-ISSN 2776-7590

Several Methods to Teach Reading to Early Childhood

Vera Sri Wahyuni\*

Research Collaborations Community, Bandung, Indonesia

*Corresponding author email: acenx.bts@gmail.com

Abstract

One of the challenges now faced by the parents of young children, especially at the early childhood level of education is to teach

reading. This paper aims to find out some more effective ways to teach reading to the children. The method discussedin this

paper include: using children’s songs and books, using game card , through guessing game, using variety of study applications,

and the parent’s patience. The results of the study show that in order to teach reading to early childhood,the parent or teacher

must be able to choose a method that suits the child's situation, abilities and interests. Thus, it will able to increase children's

ability and interest in reading and avoid boredom.

Keywords:  early childhood education, teaching, reading, children's ability, interest

1.Introduction

Reading is an important activity because it can support children's language and communication skills. In addition,

reading can also train a child's brain creative thinking ability. Although there may be some challenges in teaching

children to read, parents still need to build children's interest so that they love reading. Teaching reading to early

childhood is one of the challenges parents must face, especially during the Early Childhood Education (ECE)

level. Moreover, during the Covid-19 pandemic, the learning activities moves from school to home and the closure of

reading and writing tutoring institutions made parents need to provide time to teach children to learn reading at

home. Therefore, how to properly teach children to read and what if children are still reluctant to learn reading are the

question that parents must be able to find how to answer it. Teaching children how to read at early childhood should

be done through fun activities. Thus, the learning to read activities can increase sensitivity and motivate children to

continue learning because the ability to read can be a starting point for children to get to know their world.

Several studies related to teach reading to early childhood such as Herlina (2019) that undertook a study

of controversy of early childhood children learn to read which often become contentious. This study aims to answer

teachers' doubts about reading activities for early childhood. Early Childhood Education is the basis for the formation

of various children's abilities. One activity that need to be instilled from an early age is reading. Learning to read

given to early childhood is not a topic of debate anymore but what must be considered is learning to read is given in

an interesting, creative, fun and without coercion Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that in the era of

education 4.0, that prioritizes technology, teachers are expected to be able to use technology as a learning medium to

teach pre-reading. Darnis (2018), conducted a study with the aim of looking at an effective learning model for

developing literacy and numeracy in early childhood. Many teachers feel trapped and go awry in the process

of learning to read, write and count because the existing education system does not allow early childhood to learn to

read, write and count at school. When the teacher starts at school, the parents can also help the learning process at

home. The ability to read, write, and count is not an ambition that must be fulfilled but rather to foster children's

interest in reading, writing and arithmetic itself.

Based on the description above, this paper intends to conduct a study on how to teach reading to early

childhood. The aim is to find out some more effective ways to teach reading to early childhood. Through this study, it

is hoped that parents can choose and apply methods of teaching reading to early childhood that are interesting and

fun.

Wahyuni / International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 36-39, 2021 37

2.Material and Methods

The Materials used in this study are articles from several scientific works published in scientific journals, books,

and articles published in electronic media through the website.

The methods of this study on how to teach reading to young children include: using children’s songs and books,

using card games, through a guessing game, using diverse learning applications and books, and parent’s patience.

1)Using children's songs and books

The initial steps can be in done to teach children to read is to encourage children to listen his favorite songs

and rhymes. Apart from making it a fun activity, this can also enrich children's vocabulary. When the vocabulary of

the child increases, encourage him to recognize it in the order of letters. Learning to read can also be done by inviting

children to read a lot of story books in simple words, while recognizing letters and words.

2)Card games

Make a game card containing simple words related to the equipment or toys in the house. Train the children

to stick the card on the object according to what is written on the card.

3)Through guessing games

Encourage children to remember things they have learned through guessing games that can create a fun

learning atmosphere. Try to get the child to guess the sound of the words the parents write on a piece of colored

paper.

4)Using of various learning applications

Learning to read should be a fun process to keep children motivated to learn. Therefore, there is nothing wrong with

parents using various types of reading applications or learning books; therefore, the learning process is more focused

and enjoyable.

5)Parents' patience

It should be understood that every child has their own rhythm and speed in understanding something, including in

learning to read. Thus, the patience of parents is also the main key so the children remain motivated to continue

learning. In addition, parents can also choose and instill good learning habits; therefore, children always study

regularly and do not get bored easily.

3.Results and Discussion

Using children's songs and books. In general, music affects the development of children’sintellectual and could

make the children good at socializing. It similar when teaching early aged (1-6 years old) children; children will be

happy and eager to learn when invited to sing. However, it is very unfortunate that children in this day and age would

rather sing the adult songs. Although it is rare to find children’s themed song nowadays, this is not a reason to not

introducing regional or national songs to the children. Start to introduce appropriate songs for their age because it will

give positive impact. In general, songs will be able to affect the right and left-brain function. The benefits of songs for

the right brain will be more complete if we ask children to sing while drawing, coloring, identify the picture and other

interesting activities. In addition, the function of left brain can be seen when the children can remember the remember

the lyrics, counting, answering and asking questions and other activities (https://balistung.com ).

Card games. Games are a variety of activities that actually designed with the intention to increase certain children

ability on the learning experience. Game is a tool for children to explore their world from which the children knowing

something and able to do something. Alphabet game card is a number of cards as a tool to help the children learning

to read by way of noticing and remembering the shape of the letters and the accompanied pictures on the card.

Alphabet cards contains pictures, letters, signs or symbols which increase or guiding children to associate the letter

with the picture or symbols. The alphabet card which referred here is the self-made card with rectangle shape of white

paper. On one side is the letter and on the other side is the image with written information about the image. Through

the card game is a learning method for early childhood children to recognize letters. Children learn

to recognize letters by looking at the letter symbol and picture on the card. As a result,  based on the explanation,

it can be confirmed that the card game method is a learning activity using card as a tool which contain letter symbols,

pictures and written information about the picture. The purpose is to improve the ability to know or get to

know and understand the letters alphabetically (https://text -en.123dok.com).

Wahyuni / International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 36-39, 2021 38

Guessing games. Children is the age at which they really like to play with friends in the same age. Playing with

peers is one of those moments that cannot be forgotten. In the spare time, children love to play riddle. They play in

order to entertain during their spare time. Early childhood funny riddles should not involve heavy themes. Children at

early age are thinking about light entertainment for them to be able to laugh with parents or peers. Riddles for early

childhood can also hone their level of creativity. Although, usually these riddles are also entertainment in nature,

children will practice thinking critically with their peers. Parents or teachers cannot prevent children if they really

want to play with their peers; however, supervise their actions would also be necessary. The goal is that they can be

comfortable playing with their peers in an environment that they feel is suitable for playing and

communicating (https://www.merdeka.com).

Using various learning applications. Electronic media has many advantages that can be used to support children's

reading and learning activities. One of media is Reading material software for early childhood is in the form of

screenshots or often called page slide. For children, reading material is also presented in very attractive form such as

the illustrations thatmake thechildimagine when reading the reading material. Additionally, sometimes reading

materials are also supplied sound effects which also attracted the enthusiasm of a child. Features in the form of games

can be used as an approach for children to increase their interest in reading. Games that emphasize the conscientious

children will stimulate their concentration power. Likewise, games that invite users to move quickly, of course, will

indirectly increase the agility of the child. With all the advantages of electronic media as a learning medium, of course

the role of parents is needed in supervision; therefore, the progress of children is directed and the electronic

media utilizes to build children's interest in learning. Children need to be constantly motivated so their learning

interest is consistent and persistent. Motivating does not mean instilling a paradigm that learning is the most important

compared to doing other activities. Forcing children to always learn is not the best step for a child's growing

period (https://bimba-aiueo.com).

Parent’s patience. Each parent must have wanted their children able to read quickly. However, skill isnot solely

be formed if it is not supported by parent’s attitude, patience and example. That is whyif we want the children

grow well and skilled in reading, parents also need to be patient in teaching children to read. In addition to patience,

verbal discipline verbal from the parents canalso very damaging for children interest to read. When the parents often

reprimand by shouting or angry, the child tends to loos interest in reading and would have behavior problems because

the children emotionally disturbed. Even a child could have low self-esteem, easily angry, rude, and have high level

depression. Parents who yell and get angry are losing patience or not able tocontrol their emotions. Itis sure to give

bad impact on the children and even reading can be frightening for children (https://www.haibunda.com).

4.Conclussion

In this paper, a study has been carriedout on several ways of teaching early childhood to read. Based on the results of

the study, it can be concluded that to teach reading to early childhood can be done by using: the children’s songs and book, card

game, through guessing game, using various learning application and parent’s patience. Parent or teacher must be able to choose

the method according to the situation, abilities and interests of the children. This is so the parent or teacher is able to

develop abilities and interests of children to read and avoid boredom.

References

Herlina, E. S. (2019). Membaca Permulaan Untuk Anak Usia Dini Dalam Era Pendidikan 4.0. Jurnal Pionir LPPM Universitas

Asahan, 5(4), 332-342.

Brewer, J. A. (2007). Introduction Early Childhood Education Preschool through Primary Grades,Sixth Edition. Boston:

Allynan Bacon.

Darnis, S. (2018). Aplikasi Montessori Dalam Pembelajaran Membaca, Menulis dan Berhitung Tingkat Permulaan Bagi Anak

Usia Dini. Jurnal Caksana - Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 1(1), 1-10.

Edwards, C. M. (2014). Maternal Literacy Practices and Toddler’s Emergent Literacy Skills. Journal of Early Childhood

Literacy, 14, 53-79.

Kleemans, T., Peeters, M., Segers, E., & Verhoeven, L. (2012).Child and Home Predictors of Early Numeracy Skills in

Kindergarten. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27, 471-477.

Niklas, F., Cohrssen, C., & Tayler, C. (2016). The Sooner, the Better: Early Reading to Children. SAGE Open, 1-11.

Niklas, F., & Schneider, W. (2013). Home Literacy Environment and the Beginning of Reading and Writing. Contemporary

Educational Psychology, 38, 40-50.

Wahyuni / International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 36-39, 2021 39

Phillips, B. M., & Lonigan, C. J. (2009). Variations in the Home Literacy Environment of Preschool Children: A Cluster Analytic

Approach. Scientific Studies of Reading, 13, 146-174.

https://balistung.com/manfaat-lagu-untuk-anak-usia-dini/

https://www.merdeka.com/jatim/40-tebak-tebakan-lucu-anak-tk-kocak-dan-cocok-jadi-hiburan-kln.html

https://bimba-aiueo.com/memanfaatkan-gadget-untuk-membangun-minat-belajar-anak/

https://www.haibunda.com/parenting/20181129112856-62-29474/3-cara-agar-orang-tua-lebih-sabar-hadapi-anak

https://text-id.123dok.com/document/8yd83896q-pengertian-metode-permainan-kartu-huruf-langkah-langkah-permainan-kartu-

huruf.html

## Citations (2)

## References (6)

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Pelitian ini bertujuan membantu anak untuk bisa membaca permulaan dengan pola KVKV menggunakan Media Pembelajaran Sandpaper Letter bagi anak Cerebal Palsy. Menggunakan metode SSR (Single Subject Research) dengan pola A-B-A2. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanyak 16 kali pertemuan dengan A1 (sebelum Intervensi) sebanyak 5 kali dan anak mendapat poin stabil 30%, B(Intervensi) 7 kali dan anak mendapat poin stabil 88% dan A2 (Setelah dilakukan intervensi) anak mendapatkan poin stabil 92%. Hal ini menunjukkan ada perubahan atas kemampuan membaca permulaan anak Cerebal Palsy Menggunakan media Pembelajaran Sandpaper Letter. Kata -kata Kunci: Membaca Permulaan Pola KVKV, Media Pembelajaran Sandpaper Letter, Cerebal Palsy.

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This paper was conducted to produce an effective learning model for developing literacy and numeracy in early childhood. Many teachers get locked out of the process of helping their students especially young learners to read , write and count because our education system is not allowed the young children is learned to do those activities at school. This really should not be so.Based on Dr.Maria Montessori who was a pioneer in teaching reading, writing and counting for young learners, the preparation for reading and writing begins long before formal school and teachers can do that at school as well as parents at home. The ability to read, write and count is not, in itself, a sufficient ambition. What is of supreme importance is bringing about, in a child, a desire to read , write, and count. In this paper we will find Montessori Activities which are the building literacy and numeracy skills. This activities is presented by using the well designed Montessori apparatus, reviewed and age appropriate for children.Key Word : Literacy and Numeracy, Montessori, Montessori Activities, Montessori Apparatus, Age Appropriate.

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Maternal emergent literacy practices during shared-reading interactions with 18-36-month-old toddlers were examined. The investigation of emergent literacy behaviours of both mothers and toddlers investigated included the examination of phonological awareness and written language awareness. Participants included 15 mother-toddler dyads from middle to upper socio-economic status (SES) backgrounds. The main data collection measures included: (1) home literacy environment observation; (2) shared reading observations; and (3) parent questionnaire. Data were coded and organized into emergent literacy domains, phonological awareness and written language awareness. The results indicate that these mothers engaged in several emergent literacy behaviours with their toddlers during shared-reading interactions. Some of these behaviours were also exhibited by their children. The behaviours observed in mothers and toddlers were related to the written language awareness domain. These and other findings are discussed in relation to their theoretical foundations (e.g. Purcell-Gates, 2001) and implications for early intervention practices and programme development. © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

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Membaca Permulaan Untuk Anak Usia Dini Dalam Era Pendidikan 4.0

- Jan 2019

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- E S Herlina

Herlina, E. S. (2019). Membaca Permulaan Untuk Anak Usia Dini Dalam Era Pendidikan 4.0. Jurnal Pionir LPPM Universitas
Asahan, 5(4), 332-342.

Introduction Early Childhood Education Preschool through Primary Grades

- Jan 2007

- J A Brewer

Brewer, J. A. (2007). Introduction Early Childhood Education Preschool through Primary Grades, Sixth Edition. Boston:
Allynan Bacon.

- Jan 2016

- 1-11

- F Niklas

- C Cohrssen

- C Tayler

Niklas, F., Cohrssen, C., & Tayler, C. (2016). The Sooner, the Better: Early Reading to Children. SAGE Open, 1-11.

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