वायु प्रदूषण के प्रभाव
वायु प्रदूषण के प्रभाव
हमारा आहार और पोषण: वायु प्रदूषण हमारे भोजन को कैसे प्रभावित करता है?
वायु प्रदूषण हमारे भोजन के पोषक तत्वों को प्रभावित करके उसे प्रभावित करता है। विभिन्न प्रदूषक फसल की सामान्य वृद्धि में बाधा डालते हैं।
पत्रिका
जमीनी स्तर का ओजोन प्रकाश संश्लेषण को कम कर देता है जो पौधों के बढ़ने के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है। इससे पौधों की वृद्धि धीमी हो जाती है और फसल की पैदावार कम हो जाती है। साइंस डायरेक्ट में प्रकाशित एक अध्ययन में पाया गया कि दिन के ओजोन ने वैश्विक पैदावार में 2 से 16% तक की हानि की है। इसमें गेहूं, चावल, मक्का और सोयाबीन जैसी प्रमुख फसलों की पैदावार शामिल है। उसी <anchor>पत्रिका</anchor> में प्रकाशित एक अन्य अध्ययन में दिखाया गया है कि फसल की पैदावार में ओजोन प्रदूषण के कारण भारत में गेहूं के लिए लगभग 5 बिलियन अमेरिकी डॉलर और चावल के लिए 1.5 बिलियन अमेरिकी डॉलर की आर्थिक हानि होती है।
Revisiting the crop yield loss in India attributable to ozone - ScienceDirect
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## Atmospheric Environment: X

# Revisiting the crop yield loss in India attributable to ozone

Author links open overlay panelAmitSharmaa, NarendraOjhab, AndreaPozzerc, GufranBeigd, Sachin S.Gunthea

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## Highlights

- •
  Revised estimates of crop yield loss over India using WRF-Chem regional model.

- •
  Higher losses here than observation based estimates due to differing rural chemistry.

- •
  Estimated economic losses are on the higher side, higher crop price also a factor.

## Abstract

Crop Yield Loss (CYL) due to surface ozone substantially affects the Indian economy and the food availability for a billion residents. Nevertheless, the incurring losses over India remain uncertain due to limited measurements and significant uncertainties in the surface O3 simulated by chemistry-transport models, amongst other causes. Here, we revisit the ozone-attributable CYL using WRF-Chem model, with a set up previously shown to better reproduce the observed ozone variations over the contrasting chemical environments across the Indian region. WRF-Chem simulated ozone fields are converted to Accumulated Ozone above a Threshold of 40 ppbv (AOT40) for two primary crop growing seasons in India, i.e. Kharif (mid-June to mid-September), and Rabi (December to February). Relative Yield Losses (RYL) for wheat are found to be higher (∼21–26%) than those in a recent study based on observations (∼15%), as the model accounts for the rural chemistry which can be different from urban/suburban/high altitude environments where measurements are largely conducted. Additionally, RYL for rice estimated here (∼6%) is 3 times greater than a previous study using this model at a relatively coarser resolution to derive average surface ozone with a set of simulations with varying emission inventories, not evaluated in detail before deriving crop losses. The economic losses due to CYL estimated in this study (∼5 billion USD for wheat and 1.5 billion USD for rice) are on the higher side, when estimations from various studies are inter-compared (0.6–4.3 billion USD for wheat, and 0.5–1.5 billion USD for rice), for which increasing crop prices is also a contributing factor. Our study highlights an urgent need to conduct strategic ozone observations especially over agricultural fields, and the development of yearly regional-emission database to support policy making in India.

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## Keywords

Ozone

Surface ozone impact

Crop yield

WRF-Chem

Emission inventories

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