Marte, i progetti per l'esplorazione del pianeta rosso nei prossimi ...
Servono nuovi orbiter​​ Si tratta dei satelliti lasciati in orbita dalle missioni Mars Odyssey, Mars Reconnaissance Obriter, e Maven, che vengono ...
un workshop dedicato al tema
Si tratta comunque di ottime notizie per la comunità scientifica, che da tempo è interessata alla possibilità di organizzare missioni dai costi contenuti dirette su Marte. Che permetterebbero sia di lavorare su più fronti contemporaneamente, sia di immaginare missioni più rischiose, avendo in ballo meno soldi dei contribuenti di cui rendere conto. Come riporta Science, qualche esempio ce lo offrono i progetti proposti lo scorso anno nel corso di <anchor>un workshop dedicato al tema</anchor>, che ha visto la partecipazione di oltre 400 scienziati, e la presentazione di 39 possibili missioni. Tra queste troviamo orbiter dedicati allo studio dei venti, del clima o della gravità marziana, elicotteri autonomi, sullo stile di Ingenuity, con a bordo strumenti per lo studio della geologia, e micro-lander da indirizzare ai poli del pianeta, per studiare e mappare i depositi acqua presenti.
March 29–31, 2022

Pasadena, California

Program

8:30
a.m. PDT

9:30
a.m. MDT

10:30
a.m. CDT

11:30
a.m. EDT

5:30
p.m. CEST

Tuesday, March 29, 2022

8:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

8:45 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

10:15 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

1:00 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

2:45 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

4:30 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

5:00 p.m.

Fountain Foyer

Wednesday, March 30, 2022

8:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

9:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

1:00 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

1:45 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

3:30 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

4:30 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

5:00 p.m.

Fountain Foyer

Thursday, March 31, 2022

8:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

9:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

10:15 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

11:15 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

Tuesday,
March 29, 2022

WELCOME

8:30
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Times

Panel Member

Moderators

8:30 a.m.

Eric Ianson

Chad Edwards

Shannon Curry

Tuesday,
March 29, 2022

MARS
SCIENCE GOALS FOR LOW-COST MISSIONS

8:45
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Perspectives on the potential role of low-cost missions in
addressing Mars science objectives, including views from the Mars Exploration
Program Analysis Group and the recent Mars Architecture Strategy Working Group.

Times

Panel Members

Moderators

8:45 a.m.

Don Banfield

Aileen Yingst

Bruce Jakosky

Wendy Calvin

Alfonso Davila

Claire Newman

Rich Zurek

10:00 a.m.

BREAK

Tuesday,
March 29, 2022

PROGRAMMATIC
PERSPECTIVES

10:15
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Programmatic
views on the roles of low-cost missions in a future Mars exploration portfolio.

Chair:Chad Edwards

Times

Authors (*Presenter)

Abstract Title
and Summary

10:15 a.m.

Parrish J. *

Mars Exploration Program Office

10:27 a.m.

Rucker M. A. *

Role  
of Low-Cost Missions in Preparing for Human Mars Exploration [#5070] Developing an
enterprise-level architecture encompassing future human-robotic science and
exploration at the Moon and Mars requires a visionary approach to ensure NASA
is responsive to national priorities and global science and technology
advancement objectives.

10:39 a.m.

Davis R. M. *Collom B.Viotti M.Kelley M.

10:51 a.m.

Culbert C. J. *

11:03 a.m.

DISCUSSION

11:30 a.m.

LUNCH

Tuesday,
March 29, 2022

LESSONS LEARNED
IN LOW-COST MISSION IMPLEMENTATION

1:00
p.m.Fountain Ballroom

Interactive
discussion on the challenges and success strategies for executing low-cost
missions.

Times

Panel Members

Moderator

1:00 p.m.

Rob
Lillis

Bethany
Ehlmann

Craig
Hardgrove

Joel
Krajewski

Bob
Balaram

Bruce
Jakosky

Shannon Curry

2:25 p.m.

BREAK

Tuesday,
March 29, 2022

CONTRIBUTED
TALKS I

2:45
p.m.Fountain Ballroom

Strategic
Mars Science Questions; Low-Cost Mars Mission Concepts

Times

Authors (*Presenter)

Abstract Title and Summary

2:45 p.m.

Fraeman A. A. *Rapin W.Bapst J.Matthies L. H.Ehlmann B. L.Golombek M. P.Langlais B.Lillis R. J.Mittelholz A.Weiss B. P.Chmielewski A. B.Delaune J.Izraelevitz J. S.Sklyanskyi E.

3:00 p.m.

Montabone L. *Heavens N. G.Guzevich S. D.Cardesin-Moinelo A.

3:15 p.m.

Sori M. M. *Ermakov A. I.Keane J. T.Bierson C. J.Bills B. G.Bramson A. M.D’Amico S.Evans A. J.Hemingway D. J.Izquierdo K.James P. B.Johnson B. C.Kahre M. A.Navarro T.O’Rourke J. G.Ojha L.Paik H. J.Park R. S.Simons M.Smith D. E.Smrekar S. E.Soderlund K. M.Steinbrügge G.Tikoo S. M.Vance S. D.Wagner N. L.Weber R. C.Zebker H. A.

Compelling  
Science Enabled by Gravity Investigations at Mars [#5034] Presentation We identify compelling
questions in geodynamics and climate that could be realistically addressed by
the acquisition of new gravity data at Mars. We will discuss which of these
scientific questions could plausibly be addressed by low-cost missions.

3:30 p.m.

Guzewich S. D. *Heavens N. G.Montabone L.Lillis R.Barba N.Wooley R.Tamppari L.Abshire J. B.Smith M. D.Cremons D.

3:45 p.m.

Heavens N. G. *Montabone L.Lillis R.Guzewich S.Barba N.Wooley R.

4:00 p.m.

Hayne P. O. *Byrne S.Smith I. B.Banfield D.Barba N.Giersch L.

Advancing  
Mars Polar Science with Micro-Landers [#5058] Key questions in Mars polar
science can be addressed using small payloads deployed to the surface of the
polar layered deposits, which record climate variations over the last several
million years.

4:15 p.m.

BREAK

Tuesday,
March 29, 2022

LIGHTNING
TALKS FOR DAY 1 POSTER SESSION

4:30
p.m.Fountain Ballroom

Presenters for the Day 1 Poster
Session will Present 1-Minute/1-Slide Previews of Their Posters.

Tuesday,
March 29, 2022

POSTER
SESSION:POSTER SESSION DAY 1

5:00
p.m.Fountain Foyer

Authors (*Denotes Presenter)

Abstract Title and Summary

Bramble M. S.Hand K. P.

Battalio J. M.

Thiemann E. M. B.Eparvier F. G.

Parfitt C. E.McSweeney A. G.Ball A. J.Orgel C.Khan M.Vijendran S.

Low Cost Missions to Mars Studies at ESA [#5014] There is interest at ESA to
assess the possibility of implementing low cost missions to Mars in the late
2020s. Several studies to assess potential mission architectures that meet
the criteria for a low cost Mars mission
are presented.

Todd C.Espley J.Bowens R.Cacciottolo L.Chattrabhuti M.Cruz S.Festa A.Glait R.May R.McDougall J.Prober E.Schachter J.Wich J.Gruesbeck J.Guzewich S.

Engler S. T.Idota T.

Inexpensive  
Planetary Lava Tube Sky Light Lander and Exploration Drone [#5067] We propose a primitive
concept of a small low-cost lander and exploration drone for lava tubes which
can be attached to any upcoming exploration probes to Mars and the Moon. We
hope to connect with those with expertise to help move project forward.

Arruego I.Genzer M.Apéstigue V.Martínez-Oter J.Gonzalo A.Hieta M.Camañes C.Haukka H.González-Guerrero M.de Pedraza A.Kestila A.Sard I.Ortega C.Guerrero H.Domínguez-Pumar M.Espejo S.Ceballos J.Palin M.Kivekäs J.Koskimaa P.Rodriguez-Manfredi J. A.Talvioja M.

Miniature  
Sensors Packages and Delivery System for Mars Exploration [#5029] We describe a 25kg-penetrator carrying 5kg of scientific payload,
aimed at deploying a network of environmental stations on Mars. EDL concept,
structure, main system budgets and sensors will be presented. The project has
been funded by an ESA TRP.

Putzig N. E.Bernardini F.Morgan G. A.Sizemore H. G.Clark R. N.Perry M. R.Sidney W. P.Abbud-Madrid A.Pelella A. V.

Prospecting  
for Resources at Human Landing Sites on Mars [#5065] We present a mission concept
for rapidly implementing a Mars resource-prospecting orbiter to address
uncertainties regarding buried ice and hydrated minerals using instruments
and a spacecraft bus already at high technology readiness levels.

Stuurman C.

COMPANION  
Smallsat RADAR Sounder for Mars  
Subsurface Imaging [#5018] This abstract describes a low-cost mission concept for a high
bandwidth, P-band, smallsat radar sounder intended
as a piggyback or rideshare for low-cost delivery to Mars for the purpose of
subsurface water ice detection.

Lee P.Riedel J. E.Jones-Wilson L. L.Bradford S. C.Gebara C. A.Jones-Wilson W.

GlobeTrotter -Mars:All-Terrain Hopper for Mars Surface and Cave Exploration [#5059] GlobeTrotter-Mars is a concept all-terrain hopper
for Mars surface and cave exploration. Four GT-Mars mission concepts are
presented:GTA to Aram Chaos, GTI to IusChasma in Valles Marineris, GTO to Oudemans
Crater, and GTP to volcanic pits in Tharsis.

Lillis R. J.Curry S. M.Ma Y. J.Curtis D. W.Taylor E. R.Parker J. S.Hara T.Luhmann J. G.Barjatya A.Larson D. E.Livi R.Whittlesey P.Modolo R.Harada Y.Fowler C. M.Xu S. S.Brain D. A.Withers P.Thiemann E. M. B.Mosleh E.Mandy C.

Bills B. G.Gorski K. M.Lysek M. J.Mischna M. A.Park R. S.Paik H. J.Moody M. V.Collins C.Norton R. S.Richardson M. I.Lee C.

Gravitational  
Signatures of Seasonal Atmospheric Mass Transport on Mars [#5017] We propose a mission which
would accurately measure the gravitational signatures of seasonal atmospheric
mass transport on Mars, using a gravity gradiometer instrument, similar to one currently under development within the NASA
MatISSE program.

Kleinboehl A.Kass D.Piqueux S.Greybush S. J.Kenyon M. E.

Noell A. C.Boland J. S.Carpenter K. C.Karras J. T.McCormick R.Cooper M.Mandrake L.Castano R.Willis P. A.Mora M. F.Jaramillo E. A.Ferreira Santos M. S.Kaufman J. M.Lang J. A.Eby M. A.Davila A. F.Quinn R. C.Ricco A. J.

Large  
Mars Surface Chemistry Science in a Small Budget [#5041] Presentation The distribution of chlorine
species and abiotic organics are some of the Mars surface investigations
possible with a novel approach to low cost missions that make use of the MarsDropmicrolanders, microrovers and miniature instrumentation.

Andersson L.Bering E. A.

Hobbs S. W.Lambert A.Ryan M. J.

Babu Mannam N. P.Kumar Duba P.Pachamuthu R.

Mayyasi M.Erickson P.Lind F.Semeter J.Mazumder M.Knapp M.

An  
Energy-Efficient Incoherent Scatter Radar at Mars [#5010] We describe a lander-based
implementation for an energy-efficient incoherent scatter radar at Mars. This
instrument concept allows unique measurements of thermal properties of the
martian atmosphere in regions that orbiting spacecraft cannot explore.

Kereszturi A.Miyamoto H.Pal B.

Campbell C. L.Smith C. L.Innanen A.Kloos J. L.Stone H.Benedix G.Meka S.Marrable D.Moores J. E.

MAPLE,  
a Simple Optical Meteorological Station for Mars [#5031] The Mars Atmospheric
Panoramic camera and Laser Experiment (MAPLE) is an optical meteorological
station for studying aerosols. Based on techniques from martian surface
missions it will have low power, data and cost to
optimize the returnable science.

Wednesday,
March 30, 2022

LOW-COST TRANSPORTATION
TO MARS

8:30
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Panelists
will share industry and NASA perspectives on low-cost approaches to delivering
science missions to Mars, including piggyback, rideshare, and small launch
vehicle options.

Times

Panel Members

Moderator

8:30 a.m.

Julianna Scheiman

Eric Salwan

Shaun Daly

Ryan Woolley

Nathan Barba

Wednesday,
March 30, 2022

CONTRIBUTED
TALKS II

9:30
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Low-Cost
Mars Mission Concepts

Times

Authors (*Presenter)

Abstract Title and Summary

9:30 a.m.

Diniega S. *Barba N.Giersch L.Jackson B.Soto A.Rafkin S.Swann C.Sullivan R.Banfield D.Fenton L.

9:45 a.m.

Stähler S. C. *Panning M. P.Antonangeli D.Banerdt W. B.Banfield D.Banks M.Ceylan S.Charalambous C.Clinton J.Daubar I.Fernando B.Giardini D.Grott M.Horleston A.Hurst K.Kawamura T.Kim D.Knapmeyer M.Lorenz R.Margerin L.Marusiak A.Menina S.Mittelholz A.Murdoch N.Perrin C.Pike W. T.Schmelzbach C.Schmerr N.Schimmel M.Spiga A.Stott A.Taylor J.Weber R.

A  
Cerberus Fossae Seismic Network [#5024] Cerberus Fossae is the region
of most significant tectonic activity in the InSight hemisphere, with a
potential recent history of volcanism and water. We propose a geophysical and
meteorological network of hard landers to unlock its secrets.

10:00 a.m.

Sapers H. M. *Moores J. E.Grandmont F.Maisonneuve M.

10:15 a.m.

Smith I. B. *Calvin W.Becerra P.Landis M.Byrne S.Hayne P.Bapst J.Chmielewski A. B.Delaune J.

10:30 a.m.

BREAK

10:45 a.m.

Calvin W. M. *Green R. O.Fraeman A. A.Ehlmann B. L.Horgan B. H. N.Seelos K. D.Murchie S. L.

11:00 a.m.

Malin M. *Yee T.Jordan K.Roman M.Svitek T.Troy D.

11:15 a.m.

Colaprete A. *Cook A.Mauro D.Bookbinder J.Maryatt B.

Aeolus:A Mars Climate Mission [#5061] Aeolus is a small satellite
mission to observe surface and atmospheric forcing and general circulation of
Mars, by measuring surface energy balance, atmospheric temperatures, aerosols
and clouds, and winds.

11:30 a.m.

Tamppari L. K. *Livesey N. J.Chattopadhyay G.Barba N. J.Guzewich S.Kleinböhl A.

Scalable  
Mission Options for Measuring Winds and Water Vapor on Mars [#5020] Presentation Wind and water vapor profiles in the martian atmosphere are
needed, high-priority measurements identified in many Mars program reports.
We provide instruments and several mission scenarios that would obtain one or
both of these measurements.

11:45 a.m.

LUNCH

Wednesday,
March 30, 2022

CHALLENGE
OF THE SURFACE

1:00
p.m.Fountain Ballroom

Landing
on Mars poses a particular challenge for low-cost missions; this panel examines
strategies for affordable access to the Martian surface.

Times

Authors (*Presenter)

Abstract Title
and Summary

1:00 p.m.

R. Manning *

Where’s my money going? - What makes Mars
landers cost so much and what does it take to keep costs down?

1:22 p.m.

A. Fraeman *

An Outbrief from the 2021 KISS Workshop: “Revolutionizing
Access to the Martian Surface”

Wednesday,
March 30, 2022

CONTRIBUTED
TALKS III

1:45
p.m.Fountain Ballroom

Low-Cost
Mars Mission Concepts; Capabilities of Orbital and
Landed Small Spacecraft; Mission Design Approaches

Times

Authors (*Presenter)

Abstract Title and Summary

1:45 p.m.

Pagano T. S. *Mischna M. A.Liuzzi G.

2:00 p.m.

Giersch L. *Barba N.Cormarkovic V.Delapierre M.Golombek M.Williams N.Woolley R.Lobbia M.Sklyanskiy E.Burke R.

2:15 p.m.

Austin A. *Lobbia M.Strauss B.Ravich J.Luthman L.Venkatapathy E.Wercinski P.

Drag  
Modulation Aerocapture Technology to Enable SmallSat  
Mars Orbiters [#5021] Aerocapture can enable science at Mars with SmallSats
by using the drag of an atmospheric pass to reach orbit instead of large
amounts of propellant. Drag modulation flight control allows for an orbit to
be targeted in the presence of uncertainties.

2:30 p.m.

Benardini J. N. III *Seasly E. E.Spry J. A.

Planetary  
Protection for Low-Cost Mars Missions [#5063] Presentation This presentation will
highlight planetary protection implementation strategies and issues for small
robotic missions, based on mission case studies, and include a focus on
NASA’s recently revised requirements document for planetary protection .

2:45 p.m.

Parker J. S. *Ott C.Koehler A.Baskar S.Sullivan T. M.

The  
ESCAPADE Mission Design [#5072] The Escape, Plasma and Acceleration Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE)
mission will send two spacecraft from a rideshare launch into a formation
about Mars. This paper describes the astrodynamics challenges and ESCAPADE’s
robust solution.

3:00 p.m.

Wercinski P. *Venkatapathy E.

3:15 p.m.

BREAK

Wednesday,
March 30, 2022

NASA
TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTS

3:30
p.m.Fountain Ballroom

Panelists
will discuss NASA technology investments that can contribute towards enabling
low-cost Mars science missions.

Times

Panel Members

Moderator

3:30 p.m.

Carolyn
Mercer

Christopher
Baker

John Baker

Michael Amato

Florence Tan

Wednesday,
March 30, 2022

LIGHTNING
TALKS FOR DAY 2 POSTER SESSION

Presenters
for the Day 2 Poster Session will Present 1-Minute/1-Slide Previews of Their
Posters.

4:30
p.m.Fountain Ballroom

Presenters for the Day 2 Poster
Session will Present 1-Minute/1-Slide Previews of Their Posters.

Wednesday,
March 30, 2022

POSTER
SESSION:POSTER SESSION DAY 2

5:00
p.m.Fountain Foyer

Authors (*Denotes Presenter)

Abstract Title and Summary

Putnam Z. R.Fawley D. M.

Drag  
Modulation Trajectory Control for Delivery of Low-Cost Mars Orbiters  
and Landers [#5060] Drag modulation is well-suited to low-cost missions because it
provides good accuracy in a simple, mass-efficient package. We assess
trajectory control options for aerocapture and entry
drag modulation systems consistent with low-cost missions.

Deitrich N.Bayandor J.

Ramezani A.Sihite E.Devey S.Gharib M.

Malin M.Yee T.Jordan K.Roman M.Svitek T.Troy D.

Malin M.Yee T.Jordan K.Roman M.Svitek T.Troy D.

French R. T.Mosleh E.

Affordable,  
High Impact Mission Concepts for Mars with Rocket Lab Space Systems [#5043] Rocket Lab provides frequent
and reliable access to space with electron and recently announced the neutron
medium lift launch vehicle. The Space Systems Division is expanding with
small spacecraft capable of delivering Decadal-class science.

Grasso C. A.Riedel R. E.

Cost  
Savings with AutoNav Self-Navigating Spacecraft for  
Mars Missions [#5057] AutoNav
Mark 4 performs on-board guidance and navigation of spacecraft for small Mars
missions. The flight software provides optical navigation services, using
images to perform orbit determination, and deriving maneuvers onboard for
TCMs and OTMs.

Mittelholz A.Heagy L.Johnson C. L.Langlais B.Lillis R. J.Rapin W.

Helicopter  
Magnetic Field Surveys for Future Mars Missions [#5016] We investigate data sets that
a future helicopter-based magnetometer might be able to provide by
constructing simple forward models that resemble a range of plausible
subsurface geological structures that allow experimenting with
survey design.

Wronkiewicz M.Anderson R. C.Bandyopadhyay S.Brandon E. J.Goel A.Vander Hook J.Mischna M.Villarreal M.Rossi F.

Albert S. W.Schaub H.Braun R. D.

Efficient  
Delivery of a Network of Small Probes to the Martian Surface [#5011] Presentation Networks of probes can
uniquely enable science on Mars. Minimizing the number, size, and complexity of
maneuvers is desirable for mission design. We adapt B-Plane targeting to
design maneuvers to deliver a network of probes from one cruise stage.

Woolley R. C.Barba N.

Mission  
Design Hurdles for Low-Cost Mars Missions [#5015] In this poster, we identify five mission design challenges that
any mission to Mars must address to successfully arrive. We then discuss
strategies and solutions tailored to low-cost missions including ridesharing,
propulsion, etc.

Choi S. H.Moses R. W.

Low Cost Micro-Spectrometer for Resource Mapping  
on Mars [#5039] A micro-spectrometer
technology developed at NASA offers a low-cost sensor and measurement
instrument that can be packaged to allow integration into exploration mission
systems to enable measurements in extreme access and extreme environments.

Hardgrove C.

Compact,  
Modular Neutron and Gamma-Ray Spectrometer for Small Spacecraft Missions [#5076] Mini-NS spectrometer has been developed as part of the first NASA
SMD SIMPLEx mission LunaH-Map.
Future Mars missions can use Mini-NS modules and signal processing
electronics to detect and determine abundances of hydrogen and
rock-forming elements.

Rapin W.Maurice S.Wiens R. C.Dubois B.Parot Y.Bernardi P.Nelson T.Clegg S.

Rafkin S. C. R.Nowicki K.Silver J.

Green R. O.Mouroulis P.Sullivan P.Bender H.Calvin W.Ehlmann B.Fraeman A.Thompson D. R.Vinckier Q.Keymeulen D.Klimesh M.Ardila D.Nadgauda S.

Baker J. D.

Small  
Satellite Technologies for Low-Cost Mars Missions [#5047] New spacecraft and instrument capabilities exist today that can
enable lower cost Mars exploration science missions. This abstract will
describe at a high level several of the new capabilities available and the
performance they offer.

Ramezani A.Sreenath K.

Thruster-Assisted  
Legged Mobility for Explorations on Mars [#5074] In this abstract, we propose
employing thruster-assisted legged locomotion in form of continuous hopping
gait to achieve efficiency and robust mobility in partial gravity on Mars. We
give a brief overview of ongoing research and produced results.

Profitiliotis G.

Ono M.Balaram B. J.Verma V.Atha D. J.Swan R. M.Didier A. K.

Brinckerhoff W. B.Davila A. F.Shkolyar S.Bebout L. E.Des Marais D.Getty S.Hoehler T. M.Jahnke L.Lau G.Lehmer O.Neveu M.Parenteau M. N.Pohorille A.Quinn R. C.Som S.Wilhelm M. B.

Thursday,
March 31, 2022

COMMERCIAL
INNOVATION FOR LOW-COST MISSIONS

8:30
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Panel
members will discuss emerging commercial capabilities that can enable low-cost
Mars mission concepts.

Times

Panel Members

Moderator

8:30 a.m.

Richard
French

Timothy Linn

Johannes Loschnigg

Steve Bailey

Nathan Barba

Thursday,
March 31, 2022

COST
MODELS FOR LOW-COST MISSIONS

9:30
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Cost
estimating approaches applicable to low-cost Mars missions are presented,
addressing science and mission scope as well as overall mission risk posture.

Times

Authors (*Presenter)

Abstract Title
and Summary

9:30 a.m.

D. Bearden *

Adapting Cost Estimation Models to New
Approaches and Recommended Science Community Paths

9:55 a.m.

BREAK

Thursday,
March 31, 2022

CONTRIBUTED
TALKS IV

10:15
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

Low-Cost
Mars Mission Concepts; Instruments, Avionics, and Subsystems

Times

Authors (*Presenter)

Abstract Title and Summary

10:15 a.m.

Fleischer S. R. *Austin A.Barba N. J.Bjornstad P.Edwards C. D. Jr.Hihn J. M.Kolanjian A.Lock R.Saing M.Woolley R. C.

Assessing  
Cost Drivers for Mars Small Spacecraft Missions [#5023] Here we develop a cost model constrained by fundamental physics
to predict Formulation and Implementation costs of small-medium missions to
Mars as a function of a few, system-level inputs. Engineering and
programmatic implications are discussed.

10:30 a.m.

Nunes D. C. *Grimm R. E.Barba N.Burgin M.Carpenter K.Krieger S.Manthena R.McGarey P.

10:45 a.m.

Wilhelm M. B. *Ricco A. J.Lee C.Lynch K. L.Beegle L.Cassell A.Barba N.

Low-Cost  
Mars In-Situ Astrobiology Measurements and Strategy [#5069] Low-cost Mars astrobiology missions should search for indicators
of extant life, preserved remains of ancient life, and help improve
understanding of modern habitability with a simple and complementary set of
sensors in a small, ruggedized package.

11:00 a.m.

Espley J. R. *Sheppard D. A.Gruesbeck J. R.DiBraccio G. A.

Magnetic  
Observations at Mars:Plasma, Crust,  
and Subsurface [#5046] Magnetic observations at Mars
are vital for several important areas, including its magnetosphere,
atmosphere, crust, and subsurface. There are multiple
low cost mission scenarios where magnetometers could make major advances in
these areas.

Thursday,
March 31, 2022

CLOSING
SESSION

11:15
a.m.Fountain Ballroom

A summary
discussion of conference highlights and take-aways.

Times

Panel Members

Moderators

11:15 a.m.

Eric Ianson

Tiffany
Morgan

Joe Parrish

Michael Meyer

Scott Hubbard

Aileen Yingst

Chad Edwards

Shannon Curry

12:00 p.m.

Adjourn