如何在太空探索的变革时期坚持可持续发展之路 - 世界经济论坛
中国最近首次采集到月球“背面”的样本。此外，在政府和商业资金的支持下，全球各国还计划在2033年前，进行总共超过150项登月和地月轨道探索任务。 · 《外层空间 ...
关键
太空活动的可持续性包括以环境友好、经济可行和对社会负责的方式开展活动。比如一些国家在提交给UNCOPUOS空间资源工作组的文件中概述， <anchor>关键</anchor> 在于最大限度地减少太空垃圾、防止污染以及推进负责任的资源管理技术等方面。
Working Group on Space Resources
# United NationsOffice for Outer Space Affairs

# Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities

### 63 LSC, March 2024  - session documentation

- Updated summary by the Chair and Vice-Chair of views and contributions received on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities ( A/AC.105/C.2/L.328)
- Responses to the invitation by the Chair and Vice-Chair for Submissions from States members and organizations having permanent observer status with the Committee on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities
  - A/AC.105/C.2/2024/CRP.5, Submission by China to the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities under the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, in original format,
    English Chinese

### Expert meeting (26 March 2024, Luxembourg):

Click
here for the webpage of the expert meeting on the website of UNOOSA

Click
here for the dedicated event website at unoosaem.lu -  includes link to LIVE STREAM

Click
here for the Chair and Vice-Chair's proposed programme for the expert meeting in Luxembourg and the International Conference in Vienna as agreed at the the intersessional meeting on 22 January 2024

##### The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, in its capacity as the secretariat of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Subcommittees, has the pleasure to announce the intersessional meeting of the Working Group on 22 January 2024. Ref. OOSA/2023/68 CU 2023/423

Click
here for the invitation of the Chair and Vice Chair to States members of the Committee to the intersessional meeting on 22 January 2024

##### Click   here for the Chair and Vice-Chair's proposed structure made at the intersessional meeting on 19 December 2023 for the Expert Meeting in Luxembourg and the International Conference on Space Resources in Vienna in 2024

##### The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, in its capacity as the secretariat of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Subcommittees, has the pleasure to announce the intersessional meeting of the Working Group on 19 December 2023. Ref. OOSA/2023/65 CU 2023/398

Click
here for the invitation of the Chair and Vice Chair to States members of the Committee to the intersessional meeting on 19 December 2023

##### Click  here for the Chair and Vice-Chair's proposed structure made at the intersessional meeting on 22 November 2023 for the Expert Meeting in Luxembourg and the International Conference on Space Resources in Vienna in 2024

##### The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, in its capacity as the secretariat of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Subcommittees, has the pleasure to announce the intersessional meeting of the Working Group on 22 November 2023. Ref. OOSA/2023/61 CU 2023/372

Click
here for the invitation of the Chair and Vice Chair to States members of the Committee to the intersessional meeting on 22 November 2023

##### Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities Information Paper for "Expert meeting collecting preliminary inputs for consideration at the international conference in Vienna in 2024" submitted by Luxembourg and Belgium   16 October 2023

Click here  for the Information Paper submitted by Luxembourg and Belgium

##### The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, in its capacity as the secretariat of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Subcommittees, has the pleasure to announce the intersessional meeting of the Working Group on 18 October 2023. Ref. OOSA/2023/56 CU 2023/323

Click
here for the invitation of the Chair and Vice Chair to States members of the Committee to the intersessional meeting on 18 October 2023

##### The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, in its capacity as the secretariat of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Subcommittees, has the pleasure to announce the extension of the deadline to 20 October 2023 of the invitation of the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities to States members of the Committee to nominate presenters for both the event taking place in Luxembourg in 2024, entitled "Expert meeting collecting preliminary inputs for consideration at the international conference in Vienna in 2024", and the international conference on space resources to take place within the sixty-third session of the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. Ref. OOSA/2023/55 CU 2023/317 (25 September 2023).

Click
here for the extension of the deadline to 20 October 2023 of the invitation of the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group

Click
here for list list of nominations received from States members of the Committee

##### The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, in its capacity as the secretariat of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Subcommittees, has the pleasure to extend the invitation of the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities to States members of the Committee to nominate presenters for both the event taking place in Luxembourg in 2024, entitled "Expert meeting collecting preliminary inputs for consideration at the international conference in Vienna in 2024", and the international conference on space resources to take place within the sixty-third session of the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. Ref. OOSA/2023/42 CU 2023/212 (28 June 2023).

Click
here for the invitation of the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group

### 66 COPUOS, June 2023

### 66 COPUOS, June 2023 - session documentation

- Input to the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities on Scope and Topics to be addressed at the International Conference to be held in 2024 -   Contributions from: Algeria, Australia, Brazil, Cuba, Ecuador, Russian Federation, Slovak Republic, and Türkiye (
  A/AC.105/2023/CRP.7)
- Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities: Joint proposal for an international conference to take place in 2024 in accordance with the Five-year workplan and methods of work for the Working Group - Paper submitted by Belgium and Luxembourg (
  A/AC.105/2023/CRP.11)
- Input to the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities on Scope and Topics to be addressed at the International Conference to be held in 2024 - Contribution of Luxembourg (
  A/AC.105/2023/CRP.18)
- Input to the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities on Scope and Topics to be addressed at the International Conference to be held in 2024 - Contribution of Belgium (
  A/AC.105/2023/CRP.19)
- Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities Joint views of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom on the Scope and Topics of the International Space Resource Conference under the auspices of the United Nations in 2024
  DRAFT Non-Paper submitted in preparation of the consultations of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities at the 66th COPUOS session 2023
- Invitation by the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group to States members of the Committee with regard to the Scope and Topics to be addressed at the International Conference to be held in 2024

### 62 LSC, March 2023  - session documentation

- Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities: Status Overview; Paper submitted by the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group (
  A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.5)
- Summary by the Chair and Vice-Chair of views and contributions received on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities (
  A/AC.105/C.2/120)
- Relevant considerations for developing a set of initial recommended principles for the exploration, exploitation and utilisation of space resources; Proposal submitted by Australia, Austria and Netherlands (Kingdom of the) (
  A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.6)
- Contribution by Belgium to the general exchange of views on potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources; Working Paper submitted by Belgium (
  A/AC.105/C.2/L.325)
- Joint Proposal for an international conference to take place in 2024 in accordance with the Five-year workplan and methods of work of the Working Group; Draft Non-Paper submitted by
  Belgium and Luxembourg

### Documents

### Year of Issue

### Document symbol (if applicable)

### Title of Document

### Available Language(s)

Responses to the invitation by the Chair and Vice-Chair for Submissions from States members and organizations having permanent observer status with the Committee on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities 2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.7

Submission by
Australia in original format: Australia's response to the invitation to provide information on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities under the Legal Subcommittee o the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space

English 2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.8Submission by
Azerbaijan in original format: Submission on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group[ on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities by the Space Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azercosmos)English2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.9Submission by
Bahrain in original format: Kingdom of Bahrain Reply to the invitation circular 19 July 2022English2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.10Submission by
Belarus in original format: Proposals on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities prepared by the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Russian2023A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.35Submission by
Belgium in original format: Contribution by Belgium to the general exchange of views on potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation, and utilization of space resourcesEnglish2023A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.11Submission by
Canada in original format: Canada's Submission to the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resources Activities of the Legal Subcommittee of UN COPUOSEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.12Submission by
France in original format: Proposal for a French Contribution to the work of the Working Group on the Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities

2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.13Submission by
Germany in original format: Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities at COPUOS Legal SubcommitteeEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.14Submission by
Greece in original format: Greece Submission on the Mandate and Purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish

2023

A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.33Submission by
Japan in original format: Japan Information on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities English2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.15Submission by
Jordan in original format: The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Royal Jordanian Social Center Information and proposals on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group on the Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesArabic2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.16Submission by
Luxembourg in original format: Contribution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on the Mandate and Purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.17Submission by
Morocco in original format: Comments on the mandate and purpose of the working group on legal aspects of space resource activitiesFrench2023A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.18Submission by
New Zealand in original format: Submission by New Zealand to the UN COPUOS Legal Subcommittee on the mandate and purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.19Submission by
Norway in original format: Submission by Norway on the Mandate and Purpose for the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resources ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.20Submission by the
Russian Federation in original format: Submission on the Mandate and Purpose of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resources ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.21Submission by the
United Kingdom in original format: Submission by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Norther Ireland to UN COPUOS Legal Subcommittee on Space Resource Utilisation Regarding: Possible Areas for Member State Input/Contributions to the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities English2023A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.37Submission by the
United States in original format: Initial Submission by the Delegation of the Untied States of America to the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Legal Subcommittee Working Group on the Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2024 A/AC.105/C.2/2024/CRP.5Submission by
China to the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities under the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, in original formatEnglish ChineseOrganizations having permanent observer status with the Committee2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.22Submission by the
European Space Agency in original format: ESA Input for the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.35Submission by the
For All Moonkind in original format: Responses to the Chair and Vice-Chair Invitation to Provide Submissions on the Mandate and Purpose of the Untied Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.23Submission by the
Moon Village Association in original format: Moon Village Association Input for the UN COPUOS LSC Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.24Submission by the
National Space Society in original format: Information and Views for Consideration by the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.25Submission by the
Open Lunar Foundation in original format: Submission to the Chair and Vice-Chair of the UN Working Group on the Legal Aspects of Space Resource ActivitiesEnglish2022A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.26Submission by the
Space Generation Advisory Council in original format: Effective and Adaptive Governance for a Lunar Ecosystem (Executive Summary and Full Report)English2023A/AC.105/C.2/2023/CRP.32Submission by the
Hague Institute for Global Justice: The Washington Compact on Norms of Behavior for Commercial Space OperatorsEnglish

### Invitation by the Chair and Vice-Chair for Submissions from States members and organizations having permanent observer status with the Committee on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities

As agreed by consensus by the States members of the Committee at the sixty-first session of the Legal Subcommittee, the five-year workplan and methods of work of the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities (Working Group) requires for initial tasks to be undertaken in 2022 including:

"… initial administrative, information-collection and stocktaking tasks as provided for in the mandate of the Working Group, including through submissions by States members of the Committee with regard to the mandate and purpose of the Working Group."

In accordance with this requirement and consistent with the inclusive, open and transparent nature of the Working Group, the Chair and Vice-Chair invite submissions from States members of the Committee and organizations having permanent observer status with the Committee are invited to contribute to this initial information-collection and stocktaking activity, as appropriate.

As a guide, States members are encouraged to provide relevant information on:

- The type of space resources that fall within the mandate and scope of the Working Group.
- The type of activities that fall within the mandate and scope of the Working Group.
- The type of information to be collected by the Working Group in accordance with its mandate.
- The views of stakeholders regarding the existing legal framework for space resource activities.
- The current practices and challenges in the implementation of the existing legal framework for such activities.
- The benefits and challenges to the development of a framework for such activities.
- The relevant factors for the development of a set of initial recommended principles for such activities.
- The format, agenda, topics and other details of the dedicated conference (currently) scheduled for 2024.
- Any other background or information paper, or any other views, that stakeholders may wish to share.

Additional information may be requested at the discretion of the Chair and Vice-Chair.

### Five-year workplan and methods of work for the Working Group

Found in the Report of the Legal Subcommittee at it sixty-first session in 2022,
A/AC.105/1260, Annex II, Appendix

Five-year workplan and methods of work for the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities

Initial tasks to be undertaken in 2022

1. On the basis of the agreed mandate and terms of reference, agree on the detailed workplan and methods of work of the Working Group. This shall include appropriate means of coordination with the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee.

2. Undertake initial administrative, information-collection and stocktaking tasks as provided for in the mandate of the Working Group, including through submissions by States members of the Committee with regard to the mandate and purpose of the Working Group.

Five-year workplan and methods of work for the Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities, with participation of developing countries encouraged

2023:

(a) Collation and dissemination by the Chair and Vice-Chair of submissions by States members of the Committee with regard to the mandate and purpose of the Working Group, together with a summary of those submissions prepared by the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group, supported by the Secretariat;

(b) Collect relevant information concerning activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources, including with respect to scientific and technological developments and current practices, taking into account their innovative and evolving nature;

(c) Initial exchange of views on a study of the existing legal framework for such activities, in particular the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, and other applicable United Nations treaties, also taking into account other relevant instruments, as appropriate;

(d) Initial preparation by the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group, supported by the Secretariat, of a preliminary summary of the information collected and views expressed thus far, for submission to the Working Group for further consideration;

(e) Discuss and reach agreement on the arrangements for a dedicated international conference under the auspices of the United Nations, in accordance with the terms of reference of the Working Group (A/76/20, annex III), with the scope and topics to be addressed at the conference to be more fully elaborated through inputs of States.

2024:

(a) Review additional responses received from States in the intersessional period and continue the collection of relevant information and exchange of views as set out under the work for 2023 above;

(b) Review and update the preliminary summary prepared by the Chair of the information collected and views expressed and consolidate any additional relevant information and views presented for submission to the Working Group for further consideration;

(c) Assess the benefits of further development of a framework for such activities including by way of additional international governance instruments;

(d) Convene the international conference, as mentioned above, preferably in conjunction with the sixty-third session of the Legal Subcommittee, and open to Governments, invited academic and other stakeholders, subject to the availability of extrabudgetary resources. The report on the conference is to be prepared by the Chair of the Working Group, supported by the Secretariat, and submitted to the Working Group for further consideration.

2025:

(a) Presentation by the Chair of the Working Group of the activities undertaken thus far by the Working Group to the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee at its sixty-second session;

(b) Continue exchange of views on the preliminary summary prepared by the Chair and Vice-Chair of the information collected and views expressed in line with the work for 2023 above, review and update the preliminary summary and consolidate any additional relevant information and views presented, for submission to the Working Group for further consideration;

(c) Exchange of views on the development of a set of initial recommended principles for such activities, taking into account the need to ensure that they are carried out in accordance with international law and in a safe, sustainable, rational and peaceful manner.

2026:

(a) Final review and refinement of the summary of discussions on the existing legal framework for such activities, as well as of the assessment of the benefits of further development of a framework for such activities;

(b) Prepare a draft set of initial recommended principles for such activities by the Chair and Vice-Chair of the Working Group, supported by the Secretariat, taking into account the need to ensure that they are carried out in accordance with international law and in a safe, sustainable, rational and peaceful manner;

(c) Exchange of views and compilation of views expressed on possible areas for further work of the Legal Subcommittee and recommended next steps, which may include the development of potential rules and/or norms, for activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources, including with respect to related activities and benefit-sharing, taking into account the summary of discussions on the study of the existing legal framework for such activities, as well as the assessment of the benefits of further development of a framework for such activities and the draft set of initial recommended principles for such activities.

2027:

(a) Finalization of a set of initial recommended principles for such activities for the consideration of and consensus agreement by the Committee, followed by possible adoption by the General Assembly as a dedicated resolution or other action;

(b) Adoption by the Committee of a final report of the Working Group, incorporating the results of each of the activities undertaken by the Working Group in accordance with its mandate, as appropriate.

### Mandate, terms of reference, and workplan and methods of work of the Working Group

Found in the report of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses Outer Space at its sixty-fourth session in 2021 (
A/76/20 , Annex III
)

Mandate, terms of reference, and workplan and methods of work for the working group established under the Legal Subcommittee agenda item entitled "General exchange of views on potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation, and utilization of space resources"

A. Mandate

The working group shall:

(a) Collect relevant information concerning activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources, including with respect to scientific and technological developments and current practices, taking into account their innovative and evolving nature;

(b) Study the existing legal framework for such activities, in particular the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, and other applicable United Nations treaties, also taking into account other relevant instruments, as appropriate;

(c) Assess the benefits of further development of a framework for such activities, including by way of additional international governance instruments;

(d) Develop a set of initial recommended principles for such activities, taking into account the need to ensure that they are carried out in accordance with international law and in a safe, sustainable, rational and peaceful manner, for the consideration of and consensus agreement by the Committee, followed by possible adoption by the General Assembly as a dedicated resolution or other action;

(e) Identify areas for further work of the Committee and recommend next steps, which may include the development of potential rules and/or norms, for activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources, including with respect to related activities and benefit sharing.

B. Terms of reference

The terms of reference are as follows:

(a) The working group reports to the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee;

(b) The working group and its meetings shall be guided by the rules of procedure, methods of work and established practices of the Committee, including with respect to contributions by permanent observers and non-governmental stakeholders. The working group may decide to hold intersessional meetings in exceptional circumstances, as appropriate;

(c) The working group will be led by a Chair and a Vice-Chair and shall be supported by the Secretariat;

(d) The working group shall be open to all States members of the Committee, and participation of developing and emerging spacefaring countries shall be encouraged;

(e) The working group shall consider submissions from States members of the Committee on the issues related to and arising from its mandate, while a lso taking into account, as appropriate, those inputs provided in accordance with established practice of the Committee to the working group by permanent observers and all other stakeholders and which the Chair and Vice-Chair, in consultation with the working group, regard as relevant to the work of the working group;

(f) The working group may avail itself of work on the issue of activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources, including but not limited to study reports, academic research and papers submitted by any means as may be determined by the working group, which may include through one or more dedicated international conferences convened under the auspices of the United Nations, and open to Governments, invited academic and other stakeholders, subject to the availability of budgetary resources.

C. Workplan and methods of work

The workplan and methods of work shall take into account the following, inter alia:

(a) On the basis of the agreed mandate and terms of reference, the working group shall, in 2022, agree on its detailed workplan and methods of work. This shall include appropriate means of coordination with the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee;

(b) The foregoing shall not prevent the working group from undertaking initial administrative, information collection and stocktaking tasks as provided for in its mandate;

(c) The working group shall in its work avail itself of electronic means of communication whenever practicable and/or necessary.

### Session Documentation

### Legal Subcommittee 2022

on the Endorsement of the Work Plan of the Working Group on space resources

and proposals for a dedicated International Space Resources Conference under the auspices of the United Nations

Intersessional meeting 15 March 2022

### Building blocks for the development of an international framework on space resource activities

### COPUOS 2021 - Chair and Vice-Chair's Amended Proposals

### COPUOS 2021 - CRP's containing Chair and Vice-Chair Proposals

- CRP.11* - Proposal on the mandate, terms of reference, and workplan and methods of work for the working group established under the Legal Subcommittee agenda item entitled "General exchange of views on potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation, and utilization of space resources"

- CRP.12*- Proposal on five-year workplan for the working group established under the Legal Subcommittee agenda item entitled "General exchange of views on potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation, and utilization of space resources"

### Proposals from the Chair and Vice-Chair of the working group

### Working paper submitted by the Chair and Vice-Chair of the working group

- A/AC.105/L.326 - Proposal on the mandate, terms of reference and method of work of the working group established under the Legal Subcommittee agenda item entitled "General exchange of views on potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources"

### Scheduled Informal Consultations on Space Resources held during the 60th Session of the Legal Subcommittee

### Information from Moderator and Vice-Moderator

### Proposal from the Moderator and Vice Moderator on the Establishment of a Working Group on Space Resources

### Responses from States Members of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space on the Draft Plan for Scheduled Informal Consultations

### Non-Paper on the Establishment of a Working Group on Space Resources

### LSC 2021 Conference Room Papers

### Latest

- 2024-09-06 11:47:00.0

- 2024-06-19 11:15:02.0

- 2024-09-06 11:47:00.0

### Links

### Contact us

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