First Homo erectus from Turkey and implications for migrations into ...
Remains of fossil hominins from temperate regions of the Old World are rare across both time and space, but such specimens are necessary for understanding ...
First Homo erectus from Turkey and implications for migrations into temperate Eurasia - PubMed

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. 2008 Jan;135(1):110-6.

doi: 10.1002/ajpa.20739.


# First Homo erectus from Turkey and implications for migrations into temperate Eurasia

[John Kappelman](/?term=Kappelman+J&cauthor_id=18067194)[1](#full-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Anthropology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-0303, USA."), [Mehmet Cihat Alçiçek](/?term=Al%C3%A7i%C3%A7ek+MC&cauthor_id=18067194), [Nizamettin Kazanci](/?term=Kazanci+N&cauthor_id=18067194), [Michael Schultz](/?term=Schultz+M&cauthor_id=18067194), [Mehmet Ozkul](/?term=Ozkul+M&cauthor_id=18067194), [Sevket Sen](/?term=Sen+S&cauthor_id=18067194)




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### Affiliation

- 1 Department of Anthropology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-0303, USA.

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**18067194**
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[10.1002/ajpa.20739](https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20739)

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# First Homo erectus from Turkey and implications for migrations into temperate Eurasia

John Kappelman et al.
Am J Phys Anthropol.2008 Jan.

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. 2008 Jan;135(1):110-6.

doi: 10.1002/ajpa.20739.


### Authors

[John Kappelman](/?term=Kappelman+J&cauthor_id=18067194)[1](#short-view-affiliation-1 "Department of Anthropology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-0303, USA."), [Mehmet Cihat Alçiçek](/?term=Al%C3%A7i%C3%A7ek+MC&cauthor_id=18067194), [Nizamettin Kazanci](/?term=Kazanci+N&cauthor_id=18067194), [Michael Schultz](/?term=Schultz+M&cauthor_id=18067194), [Mehmet Ozkul](/?term=Ozkul+M&cauthor_id=18067194), [Sevket Sen](/?term=Sen+S&cauthor_id=18067194)

### Affiliation

- 1 Department of Anthropology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-0303, USA.

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[10.1002/ajpa.20739](https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20739)

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## Abstract


Remains of fossil hominins from temperate regions of the Old World are rare across both time and space, but such specimens are necessary for understanding basic issues in human evolution including linkages between their adaptations and early migration patterns. We report here the remarkable circumstances surrounding the discovery of the first fossil hominin calvaria from Turkey. The specimen was found in the Denizli province of western Turkey and recovered from within a solid block of travertine stone as it was being sawed into tile-sized slabs for the commercial natural stone building market. The new specimen fills an important geographical and temporal gap and displays several anatomical features that are shared with other Middle Pleistocene hominins from both Africa and Asia attributed to Homo erectus. It also preserves an unusual pathology on the endocranial surface of the frontal bone that is consistent with a diagnosis of Leptomeningitis tuberculosa (TB), and this evidence represents the most ancient example of this disease known for a fossil human. TB is exacerbated in dark-skinned peoples living in northern latitudes by a vitamin D deficiency because of reduced levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Evidence for TB in the new specimen supports the thesis that reduced UVR was one of the many climatic variables presenting an adaptive challenge to ancient hominins during their migration into the temperate regions of Europe and Asia.


(c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


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## Comment in

- [Letter to the editor: was tuberculosis present in Homo erectus in Turkey?](/19358292/)

Roberts CA, Pfister LA, Mays S.Roberts CA, et al.Am J Phys Anthropol. 2009 Jul;139(3):442-4. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21056.Am J Phys Anthropol. 2009.PMID: 19358292No abstract available.


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## Cited by

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- [The paleopathological evidence on the origins of human tuberculosis: a review.](/32529097/)

Buzic I, Giuffra V.Buzic I, et al.J Prev Med Hyg. 2020 Apr 30;61(1 Suppl 1):E3-E8. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.1s1.1379. eCollection 2020 Mar.J Prev Med Hyg. 2020.PMID: 32529097Free PMC article.Review.

- [New live attenuated tuberculosis vaccine MTBVAC induces trained immunity and confers protection against experimental lethal pneumonia.](/32240273/)

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