JSW Steel Limited is an Indian multinational steel producer based in Mumbai and is a flagship company of the JSW Group. After the merger of Bhushan Power & Steel, Ispat Steel and Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited, JSW Steel became India's second largest private sector steel company.

History
JSW Steel's history can be traced back to 1982, when the Jindal Group acquired Piramal Steel Limited, which operated a mini steel mill at Tarapur in Maharashtra and renamed it as Jindal Iron and Steel Company (JISCO). Soon after the acquisition the group set up its first steel plant in 1982 at Vasind, near Mumbai.Later, in 1994, Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited (JVSL) was set up with its plant located at Toranagallu in the Bellary-Hospet area in the State of Karnataka, the heart of the iron ore belt and spread over 10,000 acres (40 km2) of land. It is well connected to both the Mormugao Port and Chennai Port and is 340 kilometres from Bangalore. It is said to be the sixth largest steel plant in the world.In the year 2005, JISCO and JVSL merged to form JSW Steel Limited. It also set up a plant at Salem with an annual capacity of 1 million tonnes.

Operations
As of July 2023, the installed with a production capacity of 29.7 MTPA in India and the United States. The company is aiming to boost the total steel production capacity to 38.5 MTPA by the financial year 2025.As of April 2023, nearly 98% of JSW Steel's revenue comes from steel and related products — long rolled products (18%), galvanised coils/sheets (15%), CR coils/sheets (9%), plates/pipes (5%), other miscellaneous steel products (5%), and iron ore (2%), in that order. Overall, 70% of revenue is derived from India, and 30% is from overseas. The company historical emphasis has primarily been on flat products, stemming from its origins in a cold rolling mill. As part of its corporate strategy, the company typically directs half of its flat products to downstream facilities for additional value-enhancing processes like galvanizing, coating, or tinning.

Carbon footprint
JSW Steel reported Total CO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for the twelve months ending 31 March 2021 at 37,523.07 Kt (-2,998 /-8.6% y-o-y).
JSW Steel plans to utilize energy from a forthcoming 3,800-tonne hydrogen plant at its Vijayanagar facility, aiming to provide green steel at a premium price within the next 18-24 months. The company has established an agreement with its affiliate, JSW Energy, to procure green hydrogen and green oxygen for the production of sustainable steel. Additionally, the company will earn carbon credits based on the amount of conventional thermal power that is substituted with green energy. By 2030, the company plans to set up a green steel plant to comply with the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism and gradually reduce it use of blast furnaces throughout its value chain.

Plants
JSW Vijaynagar Works (also known as Integrated Steel Plant, Vijaynagar): It is a flagship plant of the company, which also stands as the largest single-location steel manufacturing unit across India. At present, the plant is in the midst of a brownfield expansion aimed at increasing its current capacity from 13 MTPA to 18 MTPA by FY24. This expansion will cover 600 acres and involve the addition of a 4.5 MTPA blast furnace, two steel melt shops of 350 tonnes each, a 5 MTPA hot strip mill, alongside various other related facilities.
JSW Dolvi Works (also known as Integrated Steel Plant, Dolvi)
JSW Sambalpur Works (also known as Integrated Steel Plant, Rengali)
JSW Salav Works, previously known as Welspun Maxsteel Limited
JSW Kalmeshwar Works
JSW Tarapur Works
JSW Salem Works
JSW Vasind Works

Merger and acquisitions
In 2007, JSW Steel formed a joint venture for a steel plant in Georgia. Any by 2020, it sold of 39 percent stake which it held in JV to Georgian Steel Group Holdings Limited.In 2009, Japan's JFE Steel, entered into a strategic partnership with JSW Steel to produce automotive steel products.In 2014, it acquired Welspun Maxsteel Limited in a deal valued at around INR 1,000 Crores.In 2019, JSW Steel acquired Bhushan Power & Steel. This resulted in the absorption of an integrated steel plant in Rengali, Sambalpur, with a capacity of 2.5 million tonnes annually.in 2020, JSW Ispat Steel was acquired by JSW Steel, 20 months after the latter acquired a controlling stake in Monnet Ispat Industries.In  April 2021, the company acquired Plate and Coil Mill Division (PCMD) of Welspun Corp for a sum of ₹848.5 cr.In October 2021, JSW Steel acquired 51% stake in Neotrex Steel from JSW Group promoters and entered into an under-construction project to manufacture Low Relaxation Prestressed Concrete (LRPC).In October 2022, JSW Steel initiated a process to acquire Central-India based National Steel & Agro (NSAIL) through resolution plan submitted under the corporate insolvency resolution process. The company makes flat steel products such as cold-rolled coil, galvanised corrugated sheets, colour coil and pre-painted profile sheets and owes lenders over Rs 1,600 crore. In May 2023, the company got the final nod from National Company Law Tribunal for the acquisition.In January 2023, JSW Steel entered into an agreement via one of its subsidiary to acquire 31 percent stake in startup Ayena Innovation which deals in home furnishings and interior decoration sector.In May 2023, JSW Steel reached an in-principle agreement with JFE Steel to establish a 50:50 joint venture to manufacture cold-rolled grain-oriented (CRGO) electrical steel in India.

Mining acquisitions
JSW Steel currently possesses a total of 13 iron ore mines, with nine located in Karnataka and four in Odisha. Additionally, they have obtained three coking coal mines. During the fiscal year 2022, the company fulfilled 43% of its iron ore needs from its own mines.In May 2023, JSW Steel bagged iron ore blocks in the Surjagarh area of Maoist-affected Gadchiroli district in Maharashtra after bidding for a composite license through government auctions.As of 2023, discussions are underway between the company and BHP regarding the potential acquisition of the latter's Daunia and Faunus coking coal mines in Queensland. These mines possess a capacity of 20 million metric tons per annum (MTPA). In the past, JSW Steel has additionally acquired mining assets in the United States, the Republic of Chile, and Mozambique.Based on the latest information as of August 2023, JSW Steel is actively seeking partners to put forth a proposal to acquire a 75% share in Teck Resources' coal mining assets. This move could potentially compete with a substantial $8 billion bid made by the commodities giant Glencore.

Awards and recognitions
Deming Prize 2018 for JSW Vijaynagar Works.
Deming Prize 2019 for JSW Salem Works.
S&P Dow Jones Sustainability Index 2021 for Emerging Markets.
World Steel Association’s Steel Sustainability Champion (2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022).
Great Places to Work Certified 2023-2024.

References
External links
Official website
Business data for JSW Steel Ltd: Reuters Google Finance BloombergQuint