For the 169 subjects ( median age 3.1 years ) evaluated for the primary outcome , we found significantly less distress in the buccal midazolam group compared with the oral route group ( P = .04 ; difference -2 ; 95 % confidence interval -4 to 0 ) and a corresponding nonsignificant trend for the intranasal route ( P = .08 ; difference -1 ; 95 % confidence interval -3 to 1 ) .
