== Crossbow vs. Arquebus == 

 There should be citation on the part that says that the 'most powerful crossbows took longer to reload than an arquebus'.  According to this - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q23H_eQ8Yd8&index;=2&list;=PLmW_vcwM_qxvTqoBaHn7MjwVt_oCCr2vt - it takes roughly 60 seconds to load a matchlock.   

 I'm imagining that the most powerful crossbow used a windlass pulley mechanism, which did take a while, but the loading might have taken similarly as long as a matchlock, given the number of movements seems to be similar (attach pulley, crank windlass, secure string to drawn position, detach pulley from string, remove pulley, load bolt) vs. matchlock (replace whick, light whick, load main charge, ram ball and clog, load primer, blow on whick... this doesn't include the possible added step of cleaning the barrel before all these steps).  My point is that the number of steps to load matchlock is similar and more finite than the windlass/pulley crossbow.   

 Also, crossbows utilized a narrow bolt vs. the ball (stone or lead or whatever it might be) of the matchlock.  Narrow force equals pressure over a smaller area which = greater force per area, thus greater penetration (though also greater deflection when 'glancing').  Because of this, I think the penetration of a crossbow would have at least been greater (most of the time?), though I suppose a matchlock could be argued as 'more powerful' in that there's more energy to the gun than the tension of the bow.