input: Summarize the discussion on diversity in speech data
  Grad G: headphones that aren't so uncomfortable.
  PhD B: I think {disfmarker} Well, this should be off the record,
  Professor D: Hmm.
  PhD B: but I think {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Uh, OK.
  Professor A: We're not recording yet, are we?
  Grad G: Well, I don't think {disfmarker}
  PhD F: No, uh, that {disfmarker} that wasn't recorded.
  Grad G: No. Um, I don't think they're designed to be over your ears.
  PhD B: Yeah, I know. It just {disfmarker} it really hurts. It gives you a headache, like if you {disfmarker} On your temple {disfmarker}
  PhD F: Temple squeezers.
  PhD B: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yep.
  PhD B: Yeah.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: But I definitely {pause} haven't figured it out.
  Professor A: Um, Meeting Recorder meeting.
  PhD F: I guess I have to d stop doing this sigh of contentment, you know, after sipping cappuccino or something.
  PhD B: Yeah, with the {disfmarker} We kno I know.
  Grad G:" Sip, sigh." PhD B: We know exactly how much you have left in your cup.
  PhD F: I was just noticing a big s
  Professor D: So are we recording now? Is this {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor D: Oh! We're {disfmarker} we're {disfmarker} we're live. OK.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor D: So, uh, {vocalsound} what were we gonna talk about again? So we said {disfmarker} we said data collection, which we're doing.
  PhD B: Were we gonna do digits?
  Professor A: OK. Do we do th do you go around the room {pause} and do names or anything?
  Grad G: I think that {disfmarker}
  PhD E: It's a good idea.
  Grad G: u usually we've done that and also we've s done digits as well, but I forgot to print any out. So. Besides with this big a group,
  PhD B: You can write them on the board, if you want.
  Professor D: No. I it'd be even better with this big {disfmarker}
  Grad G: it would take too much time.
  PhD E: Which way is {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Yeah, but it takes too much time.
  PhD E: Mari?
  Postdoc H: What {disfmarker}
  Professor A: What?
  Professor D: It's not that long.
  PhD E: Y I think your {disfmarker} your {disfmarker} your thing {nonvocalsound} may be pointing in a funny direction. Sort of it's {disfmarker} it helps if it points sort of upwards.
  Professor A: Whoops.
  PhD E: Sort of it {disfmarker} you know.
  Professor A: Would it {disfmarker} m
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor D: w u
  PhD E: So that thing {disfmarker} the little {disfmarker} th that part should be pointing upwards.
  Professor A: So {disfmarker} Oh, this thing.
  PhD E: That's it. Yeah.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Otherwise you just get a heartbeats.
  Professor A: It's kind of {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Oh, yeah, the element, yeah, n should be as close to you {disfmarker} your mouth as possible.
  Professor A: Yeah. OK.
  PhD E: That's good. That kind of thing is good.
  Postdoc H: It's a {disfmarker}
  Professor A: This w Alright.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor A: How's that working?
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD E: Oh, yeah. It's a {disfmarker} It's working.
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: Alright. So what we had {pause} was that we were gonna talk about data collection, and, um, uh, you {disfmarker} you put up there data format,
  Professor A: Um.
  Professor D: and other tasks during data collection,
  Professor A: So, I think the goal {disfmarker} the goal was what can we do {disfmarker} how can you do the data collection differently to get {disfmarker}
  Professor D: and {disfmarker}
  Professor A: what can you add to it to get, um, some information that would be helpful for the user - interface design? Like {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Uh, especially for querying.
  Professor A: Especially for querying. So, getting people to do queries afterwards, getting people to do summaries afterwards. Um.
  Postdoc H: Well, one thing that came up in the morning {disfmarker} in the morning was the, um, i uh, if he {disfmarker} I, um {disfmarker} if he has {disfmarker} s I {disfmarker} I don't remember, Mister Lan - Doctor Landry?
  Grad G: Landay. James.
  Postdoc H: La - Landay? So he has, um, these, uh, um, tsk {comment} note - taking things,
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: then that would sort of be a summary which you wouldn't have to solicit. y if {disfmarker} if we were able to {disfmarker} to do that.
  Professor A: Well, if {disfmarker} if you actually take notes as a summary as opposed to n take notes in the sense of taking advantage of the time - stamps. So action item or uh, reminder to send this to so - and - so, blah - blah - blah.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: So that wouldn't be a summary. That would just be {disfmarker} that would b relate to the query side.
  Grad G: But if we had the CrossPads, we could ask people, you know, if {disfmarker} if something comes up {vocalsound} write it down and mark it {vocalsound} {pause} somehow,
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  PhD E: Right. I mean, we {disfmarker} because you'd have several people with these pads, you could collect different things.
  Grad G: you know.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD E: I mean, cuz I tend to take notes which are summaries. And so, you know {disfmarker}
  PhD F: I mean, the down - side to that is that he sort of indicated that the, uh, quality of {vocalsound} the handwriting recognition was quite poor.
  Professor A: Well {disfmarker}
  Grad G: But that's alright. I don't think there'd be so many that you couldn't have someone clean it up
  Professor A: So {disfmarker}
  Grad G: pretty easily.
  Professor A: Yeah. We also could come up with some code for things that people want to do so that {disfmarker} for frequent things.
  PhD F: Yeah.
  Professor A: And the other things, people can write whatever they want. I mean, it's to some extent, uh, for his benefit. So, if that {disfmarker} you know, if {disfmarker} if we just keep it simple then maybe it's still useful.
  PhD F: Right.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  Professor D: I just realized we skipped the part that we were saying we were gonna do at the front where we each said who we were.
  Postdoc H: The roll call.
  Professor A: Right. I thought you did that on purpose.
  Professor D: Roll call.
  Professor A: But anyway, shall we do the roll call?
  Professor D: No, not a No, I just {disfmarker} My mind went elsewhere. So, uh, yeah, I'm Morgan, and where am I? I'm on channel three.
  Grad G: And I'm Adam Janin on channel A.
  Postdoc H: I'm Jane Edwards, I think on channel B.
  PhD E: I'm Dan Ellis.
  PhD F: Eric on channel nine.
  PhD B: Liz, on channel one.
  Professor A: Mari on channel zero.
  Professor C: Katrin on channel two.
  Postdoc H: Should we have used pseudo - names? Should we do it a second time with pseudo No. {vocalsound} No.
  Professor D: I'm Rocky Raccoon {vocalsound} on channel {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Let me, uh, turn that off.
  Grad G: And, uh, do you want to do the P D As and the {pause} P Z
  PhD E: Oh. PZM nearest, nearest, next nearest. Next one.
  Postdoc H: Next nearest.
  PhD E: Furthest.
  Grad G: Far.
  PhD E: PDM - right, PZA - right {disfmarker} PDA - right, PDA - left.
  Postdoc H: OK.
  PhD E: Thanks.
  Grad G: Yeah, and eventually once this room gets a little more organized, the Jimlets {comment} will be mounted under the table, and these guys will be permanently mounted somehow. You know, probably with double - sided tape, but {disfmarker} So. You {disfmarker} So we won't have to go through that.
  Professor A: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: I have a question on protocol in these meetings, which is when you say" Jimlet" and the person listening won't know what that is, sh shou How {disfmarker} how do we get {disfmarker} Is that important information? You know, the Jimlet {disfmarker} I mean, the box that contains the {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Well, I mean, suppose we broaden out and go to a range of meetings besides just these internal ones. There's gonna be lots of things that any group of people who know each other have in column {disfmarker} common {comment} that we will not know.
  Professor A: Right.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Right.
  Postdoc H: OK.
  Professor A: So the there will be jargon that we he There'll be transcription errors.
  Postdoc H: Good.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: OK.
  Professor D: I mean, we {disfmarker} we were originally gonna do this with VLSI design, and {disfmarker} and {disfmarker} and the reason we didn't go straight to that was because immediately ninety percent of what we heard would be {vocalsound} jargon to {disfmarker} to us. So.
  Grad G: Well, that was just one of the reasons. But, yeah, definitely.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: OK. Good.
  Professor D: That {disfmarker} that's right. There were others of course. Yeah.
  Postdoc H: OK, so we were on the data collection {pause} {comment} and the summary issue.
  Professor D: Right. We can go back.
  Professor A: So, uh, u u So, actually there's kind of three issues. There's the CrossPad issue. Should we do it and, if so, what'll we have them do? Um, do we have s people write summaries? Everybody or one person? And then, do we ask people for how they would query things? Is that {disfmarker}
  PhD F: There's {disfmarker} there're sub - problems in that, in that where {disfmarker} or when do you actually ask them about that?
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD F: I mean, that was {disfmarker} One thing I was thinking about was is that Dan said earlier that, you know, maybe two weeks later, which is when you would want to query these things, you might ask them then.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD F: But there's a problem with that in that if {pause} you're not {disfmarker} If you don't have an interactive system, it's gonna be hard to go beyond sort of the first level of question.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD F: Right. And furth id explore the data further.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD F: So.
  Professor D: There's {disfmarker} there's another problem
  Grad G: And {disfmarker}
  Professor D: which is, um, we certainly do want to branch out beyond, uh, uh, recording meetings about Meeting Recorder. And, uh, once we get out beyond our little group, the people's motivation factor, uh, reduces enormously. And if we start giving them a bunch of other things to do, how {disfmarker} you know, we {disfmarker} we did n you know another meeting here for another group and {disfmarker} and, uh, they were fine with it. But if we'd said," OK, now all eight of you have to {disfmarker} {vocalsound} have to come up with, uh, the summar" Grad G: Well, I asked them to and none of them did.
  Professor D: t See? There we go.
  Grad G: So, I {disfmarker} I asked them to send me ideas for queries after the meeting
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: They {disfmarker}
  Grad G: and no one ever did.
  PhD E: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: I didn't follow up either.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Grad G: So I didn't track them down and say" please do th do it now" . But, uh, no one spontaneously provided anything.
  Professor D: I I'm worried that if you did {disfmarker} even if you did push them into it, it {disfmarker} it {disfmarker} it might be semi - random,
  Professor A: Right.
  Professor D: uh, as opposed to what you'd really want to know if you were gonna use this thing.
  PhD E: Right.
  Professor A: OK.
  Grad G: I just don't know how else to generate the queries other than getting an expert to actually listen to the meeting and say" that's important, that might be a query" .
  Postdoc H: Tsk. Well, there is this other thing which y which you were alluding to earlier, which is, um, there are certain key words like, you know," action item" and things like that, which could be used in, uh, t to some degree finding the structure.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  PhD E: Although {disfmarker}
  Professor A: W
  Postdoc H: And {disfmarker} and I also, um, was thinking, with reference to the n uh, note - taking, the advantage there is that you get structure without the person having to do something artificial later. And the fir third thing I wanted to say is the summaries afterwards, um, I think they should be recorded instead of written because I think that, um, it would take so long for people to write that I think you wouldn't get as good a summary.
  Professor A: How about this idea? That normally at most meetings somebody is delegated to be a note - taker.
  Postdoc H: Yeah, good. Good point.
  Professor A: And {disfmarker} So why don't we just use the notes that somebody takes?
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Grad G: I mean, that gives you a summary but it doesn't really {disfmarker} How do you generate queries from that?
  PhD E: Well. But, I mean, maybe a summary is one of the things we'd want from the output of the system.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD E: Right? I mean, they're something. It's a {disfmarker} a kind of output you'd like.
  PhD B: Actually {disfmarker} And so {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Uh, James and I were talking about this during one of the breaks. And the problem with that is, I'm definitely going to do something with information retrieval even if it's sort of not full full - bore what I'm gonna do for my thesis.
  Professor A: Right.
  Grad G: I'm gonna do something. I'm not gonna do anything with summarization. And so if someone wants to do that, that's fine, but it's not gonna be me.
  Professor D: Well, I think that we {disfmarker} I mean, the {disfmarker} the f the core thing is that you know once we get some of these issues nailed down, we need to do a bunch of recordings
  Professor A: Well {disfmarker}
  Professor D: and send them off to IBM and get a bunch of transcriptions even if they're slightly flawed
  Grad G: Yep.
  Professor D: or need some other {disfmarker} And then we'll have some data there.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Professor D: And then, i i we can start l looking and thinking, what do we want to know about these things and {disfmarker} at the very least.
  PhD E: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Yeah {disfmarker}
  PhD B: I actually want to say something about the note pad. So, if you could sense just when people are writing, and you tell them not to doodle, or try not to {pause} be using that for other purposes, {comment} and each person has a note pad. They just get it when they come in the room. Then you c you can just have a fff {comment} plot of wh you know, who's writing when.
  Professor D: Hmm.
  PhD B: That's all you {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Activity. Yeah.
  PhD B: And, you can also have notes of the meeting. But I bet that's {disfmarker} that will allow you to go into the {disfmarker} sort of the hot places where people are writing things down.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: Oh, I see.
  PhD B: I mean, you can tell when you're in a meeting when everybody stops to write something down that something was just said.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: It may not be kept in the later summary, but at that point in time is was something that was important.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: And that wouldn't take any extra {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: That's a nice idea.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: Or someone could just pu you could just put your hand on the pad
  Professor D: It {disfmarker}
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: and go like that if you want to. It's {disfmarker}
  Professor D: That's a good idea but that doesn't {disfmarker} Maybe I'm missing something, but that doesn't get to the question of how we come up with queries, right?
  Professor A: Well, what it does {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Well, then you can go to the points where the {disfmarker} you could actually go to those points in time and find out what they were talking about. And you r
  Professor A: Well, what it does is provide a different {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: And {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Uh, y
  Professor A: I {disfmarker} I think it's an interesting thing. I don't think it gets at the {disfmarker} the queries per - se, but it does give us an information fusion sort of thing that, you know, you wanna i say" what were the hot - points of the meeting?" PhD B: Yeah.
  Professor D: That {disfmarker} that's what I mean, is that I think it gets at something interesting but if we were asking the question, which I thought we were, of {disfmarker} of {disfmarker} of, um," how do we figure out what's the nature of the queries that people are gonna want to ask of such a system?" , knowing what's important doesn't tell you what people are going to be asking.
  PhD B: But I bet it's a good {pause} superset of it.
  Professor D: Does it?
  Professor A: Well, yeah.
  PhD E: Well, see, there are th
  Professor A: I think you could say they're gonna ask about, uh, when {disfmarker} uh, when did so - and - so s talk about blah. And at least that gives you the word {pause} that they might run a query on.
  PhD B: At least you can find the locations where there are maybe keywords
  Professor D: Maybe.
  Grad G: I mean, i this would tell you what the hit is,
  PhD B: and {disfmarker}
  Grad G: not what the query is.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD B: Right, right.
  Grad G: What {disfmarker}
  Professor A: It'll tell you the hit but not the query.
  PhD B: But I think {disfmarker} I think thinking about queries is a little bit dangerous right now.
  Grad G: And so you could {disfmarker} you can generate a query from the hits,
  Professor A: Right.
  Grad G: but {disfmarker}
  PhD B: We don't even know what {disfmarker} I mean, if you want to find out what any user will use, that might be true for one domain and one user,
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: but I mean a different domain and a different user {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: Yeah, but we're just looking for a place to start with that
  PhD B: Um.
  Professor D: because, you know, th what {disfmarker} what {disfmarker} what James is gonna be doing is looking at the user - interface and he's looking at the query in {disfmarker} in {disfmarker} i We {disfmarker} we have five hours of pilot data of the other stuff but we have zero hours of {disfmarker} of {disfmarker} of queries. So he's just sort of going" where {disfmarker} where do I {disfmarker} where do I start?" Professor A: w Well, th you could do {disfmarker} I think the summaries actually may help get us there,
  Professor D: OK.
  Professor A: for a couple reasons. One, if you have a summary {disfmarker} if you have a bunch of summaries, you can do a word frequency count and see what words come up in different types of meetings.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: So" action item" is gonna come up whether it's a VLSI meeting, or speech meeting, or whatever. So words that come up in different types of meetings may be something that you would want to query about.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Um, the second thing you could possibly do with it is just run a little pilot experiment with somebody saying" here's a summary of a meeting, what questions might you want to ask about it to go back?" Grad G: Yeah, I think that's difficult because then they're not gonna ask the questions that are in the summary.
  Professor A: Well {disfmarker}
  Grad G: But, I think it would give {disfmarker}
  Professor A: That's one possi one possible scenario, though, is you have the summary,
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: and you want to ask questions to get more detail.
  Grad G: th Yeah, I think it has to be a participant. Well, it doesn't have to be. OK. So that {disfmarker} that is another use of Meeting Recorder that we haven't really talked about, which is for someone else, as opposed to as a {pause} remembrance agent, which is what had been my primary thought in the information retrieval part of it would be. But, uh, I guess if you had a meeting participant, they could use the summary to refresh themselves about the meeting and then make up queries. But it's not {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: I don't know how to do it if {disfmarker} until you have a system.
  PhD B: The summary is actually gonna drive the queries then.
  Professor A: Mmm.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  PhD B: I mean, your research is going to be very circular.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah, that {disfmarker} that's what I was saying.
  PhD E: But th there is this, um {disfmarker} {vocalsound} {vocalsound} {vocalsound} There is this class of queries, which are the things that you didn't realize were important at the time but some in retrospect you think" oh, hang on, didn't we talk about that?" And it's something that didn't appear in the summary but you {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD E: And that's kind of what this kind of, uh, complete data capture is kind of nicest for.
  Professor A: Right. Right.
  PhD B: Right.
  PhD E: Cuz it's the things that you wouldn't have bothered to make an effort to record but they get recorded. So, I mean {disfmarker} And th there's no way of generating those, u u until we just {disfmarker} until they actually occur.
  PhD B: But you could always post - hoc label them.
  PhD E: You know, it's like {disfmarker} Right, right. Exactly.
  PhD B: Yeah. Yeah.
  PhD E: But I mean, it's difficult to sort of say" and if I was gonna ask four questions about this, what would they be?" Those aren't the kind of things that come up.
  Grad G: But at least it would get us started.
  PhD E: Oh, yeah. Yeah, sure.
  Postdoc H: I also think that w if {disfmarker} if you can use the summaries as an indication of the important points of the {disfmarker} of the meeting, then you might get something like {disfmarker} y So if th if the obscure item you want to know more about was some form of data collection, you know, maybe the summary would say, you know," we discussed types of na data collection" . And, you know {disfmarker} And {disfmarker} and maybe you could get to it by that. If you {disfmarker} if you had the {disfmarker} the larger structure of the {disfmarker} of the discourse, then if you can categorize what it is that you're looking for with reference to those l those larger headings, then you can find it even if you don't have a direct route to that.
  Grad G: Mmm. Although it seems like that's, um, a high burden on the note - taker.
  Postdoc H: I think that {disfmarker}
  Grad G: That's a pretty fine grain that the note - taker will have to take.
  PhD B: Maybe Landay can put a student in to be a note - taker.
  Professor A: I th No. I think you got to have somebody who knows the pro knows the topic or {disfmarker} you know, whose job it is delegated to be the note - taker.
  PhD B: No?
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Somebody who's part of the meeting.
  PhD B: No, I mean, but someone who can come sit in on the meetings and then takes the notes with them that the real note - taker {disfmarker}
  Grad G: But they {disfmarker}
  PhD B: And that way that one student has, you know, a rough idea of what was going on, and they can use it for their research. I mean, this isn't really necessarily what you would do in a real system,
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: because that that's a lot of trouble
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: and maybe it's not the best way to do it. But if he has some students that want to study that then they should sort of get to know the people and attend those meetings,
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: and get the notes from the note - taker or something.
  Grad G: Right.
  Professor D: Hmm.
  Grad G: Well, I think that's a little bit of a problem. Their sort of note - taking application stuff they've been doing for the last couple of years, and I don't think anyone is still working on it.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: I think they're done. Um, so I'm not sure that they have anyone currently working on notes. So what we'd have to interest someone in is the combination of note and speech.
  PhD B: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: And so the question is" is there such a person?" And I think right now, the answer is" no" .
  Professor A: Well
  Professor D: I've b been thinking {disfmarker}
  Grad G: We'll just have to see.
  Professor D: I've been thinking about it a little bit here {disfmarker} about the {disfmarker} uh, th this, e um {disfmarker} I think that the {disfmarker} now I'm thinking that the summary {disfmarker} a summary, uh, is actually a reasonable, uh, bootstrap into this {disfmarker} into what we'd like to get at. It's {disfmarker} it's not ideal, but we {disfmarker} you know, we {disfmarker} we have to get started someplace. So I was {disfmarker} I was just thinking about, um, suppose we wanted to get {disfmarker} w We have this collection of meeting. We have five hours of stuff. Uh, we get that transcribed. So now we have five hours of meetings and, uh, you ask me, uh, uh," Morgan, what d you know, what kind of questions do you want to ask?" Uh, I wouldn't have any idea what kind of questions I want to ask. I'd have to get started someplace. So in fact if I looked at summary of it, I'd go" oh, yeah, I was in that meeting, I remember that, um, what was the part that {disfmarker}" And {disfmarker} and th I think that might then help me to think of things {disfmarker} even things that aren't listed in the summary, but just as a {disfmarker} as a {disfmarker} as a refresh of what the general thing was going on in the meeting.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: I think it serves two purpo purposes. One, as sort of a refresh to help bootstrap queries,
  Professor D: Mm - hmm. Yeah.
  Professor A: but also, I mean, maybe we do want to generate summaries. And then it's {disfmarker} you know, it's kind of a key.
  Professor D: Well, yeah. That's true too.
  PhD E: Hmm.
  Grad G: Yeah, absolutely. Then you want to have it.
  Professor A: Uh {disfmarker}
  PhD B: So how does the summary get generated?
  Professor A: Well, i i {disfmarker}?
  PhD B: I'm not against the idea of a summary,
  Grad G: By hand.
  PhD B: but I wanted to think carefully about who's generating it
  Professor A: Or, d o
  PhD B: and how {disfmarker} because the summary will drive the queries.
  Professor A: What I {disfmarker} I think, you know, in most meetings,
  PhD B: So {disfmarker}
  Professor A: this one being {pause} different, but in most meetings that I attend, there's somebody t explicitly taking notes, frequently on a laptop {disfmarker} Um, you can just make it be on a laptop,
  PhD B: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: so then yo you're dealing with ASCII and not somebody {disfmarker} you don't have to go through handwriting recognition. Um, and then they post - edit it into, uh, a summary and they email it out for minutes. I mean, that happens in most meetings.
  Postdoc H: I I {disfmarker} I think that, um, there's {disfmarker} we're using" summary" in two different ways. So what you just described I would describe as" minutes" .
  Grad G: Minutes.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD B: Yeah.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: And what I originally thought was, um, if you asked someone" what was the meeting about?" PhD B: OK.
  Professor A: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: And then they would say" well, we talked about this and then we talked about that, and so - and - so talked about {disfmarker}" And then you'd have, like {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} e My thought was to have multiple people summarize it, on recording rather than writing because writing takes time and you get irrelevant other things that u take time, that {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: Whereas if you just say it immediately after the meeting, you know, a two - minute summary of what the meeting was about, I think you would get, uh, with mult See, I {disfmarker} I also worry about having a single note - taker because that's just one person's perception. And, um, you know, it {disfmarker} it's releva it's relative to what you're focus was on that meeting,
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: and {disfmarker} and people have different {comment} major topics that they're interested in.
  Professor D: A
  Postdoc H: So, my proposal would be that it may be worth considering both of those types, you know, the note - taking and a spontaneous oral summary afterwards,
  Professor A: OK.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: no longer than two minutes,
  Professor D: Adam, you can {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: from multiple people.
  Professor D: you can correct me on this,
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor D: but {disfmarker} but, uh, my impression was that, uh, pretty much, uh, true that the meetings here, nobody sits with a w uh, with a laptop
  Grad G: Never.
  Professor D: and {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Never. I've never seen it at ICSI. Does anyone {disfmarker}?
  PhD B: Dan?
  Professor D: I
  Grad G: I mean, Dan is the one who {disfmarker} who most frequently would take notes,
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Grad G: and {disfmarker}
  PhD E: I've d When we {disfmarker} when we have other meetings. When I have meetings on the European projects, we have someone taking notes.
  Grad G: Oh, really?
  Professor D: Yeah, but those are bigger deal things.
  PhD E: In fact, I often do it.
  Professor D: Right? Where you've got fifteen peo
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor D: I mean, most {disfmarker} th this is one of the larger meetings. Most of the meetings we have are four or five people
  Grad G: That's true {disfmarker} are four or five people.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Professor D: and you're not {disfmarker} you don't have somebody sitting and taking minutes for it.
  Professor A: Right.
  Professor D: You just {vocalsound} get together and talk about where you are.
  Professor A: So, I think it depends on whether it's a business meeting or a technical discussion.
  Grad G: Culture.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor A: And I agree,
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor A: technical discussions you don't usually have somebody taking notes.
  Professor D: Yeah. Yeah.
  Grad G: The IRAM meeting, they {disfmarker} they take notes every {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Do they?
  Grad G: There's uh a person with a laptop {pause} at each meeting.
  PhD E: How many people are those meetings?
  Grad G: There are more. I mean, there are ten - ish.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  PhD B: Y you should also have a record of what's on the board.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: They're very sparse.
  PhD B: I mean, I find it very {pause} hard to reconstruct what's going on. I {disfmarker} I don't know how {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Yeah. This is something early in the project we talked a lot about.
  PhD B: I don't know how, but for instance, I mean, the outline is sort of up here and that's what people are seeing. And if you have a {disfmarker} Or you shou could tell people not to {disfmarker} to use the boards. But there's sort of this missing information otherwise.
  PhD E: We sh we should {disfmarker}
  Grad G: I agree, but {disfmarker} but you {disfmarker} you just {disfmarker} you g end up with video,
  Postdoc H: I agree.
  PhD E: Well, I don't know.
  Grad G: and {disfmarker} and instrumented rooms. And {pause} that's a different project, I think.
  PhD E: f u I think for this data capture, it would be nice to have a digital camera
  Grad G: Yeah, different {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Uh, y
  PhD E: just to take pictures of who's there, where the microphones are, and then we could also put in what's on the board. You know, like three or four snaps for every {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Right.
  Postdoc H: I agree.
  PhD B: Yeah. People who were never at the meeting will have a very hard time understanding it otherwise.
  PhD E: for every meeting.
  Postdoc H: That's wonderful.
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: But don't you think that's {disfmarker} Don't you think that {disfmarker} But {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: I agree.
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: Even people who were at the meeting.
  PhD E: Well, no. I mean, I {disfmarker} I just think {disfmarker} I mean, I think that right now we don't make a record of where people are sitting on the tables.
  Professor A: Right.
  Grad G: Huh.
  PhD E: And that {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} at some point that might be awfully useful.
  Grad G: Right. But I think adding photographs adds a whole nother level of problems.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Mmm.
  PhD E: Yeah. We n uh,
  Postdoc H: It's just a digital record.
  PhD E: Not {disfmarker} not as part of the {disfmarker} not as a part of the data that you have to recover.
  PhD B: I don't mean that you model it.
  PhD E: Just {disfmarker} just in terms of {disfmarker}
  PhD B: We should just {disfmarker} Like archiving it or storing it.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Yes, I agree. I agree.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: It's i because discourse is about things,
  PhD B: Because someone {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: and then you have the things that are about, and it's recoverable.
  PhD B: someone later might be able to take these and say" OK, they, you know {disfmarker} at least these are the people who were there
  PhD E: So {disfmarker}
  PhD B: and here's sort of what they started talking about, and {disfmarker}" and just {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Yes. And it's so simple.
  Professor D: Li
  Postdoc H: Like you said, three snapshots
  Professor D: uh, L L L
  Postdoc H: and {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Liz, you {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Just to archive.
  Professor D: u uh, Liz, you sa you sat in on the, uh, {vocalsound} subcommittee meeting or whatever {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Actually {disfmarker}
  Professor D: uh, on {disfmarker} you {disfmarker} on the subcommittee meeting for {disfmarker} for {disfmarker} at the, uh {disfmarker} that workshop we were at that, uh, uh, Mark Liberman was {disfmarker} was having. So I {disfmarker} I wasn't there. They {disfmarker} they {disfmarker} they {disfmarker} they h must have had some discussion about video and the visual aspect, and all that.
  PhD B: Big, big interest. Huge.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: I mean, it {disfmarker} personally, I don't {disfmarker} I would never want to deal with it. But I'm just saying first of all there's a whole bunch of fusion issues that DARPA's interested in.
  Professor D: Yeah. Yeah.
  PhD B: You know, fusing gesture and face recognition,
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: even lip movement and things like that, for this kind of task. And there's also I think a personal interest on the part of Mark Liberman in this kind of {disfmarker} in storing these images in any data we collect
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: so that later we can do other things with it.
  Professor D: Yeah. So {disfmarker} so to address what {disfmarker} what Adam's saying,
  Postdoc H: Mmm. Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: And {disfmarker}
  Professor D: I mean, I think you {disfmarker} uh, that the key thing there is that this is a description of database collection effort that they're talking about doing.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: And if the database exists and includes some visual information that doesn't mean that an individual researcher is going to make any use of it. Right?
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: So, uh {disfmarker}
  Grad G: But that {disfmarker} it's gonna be a lot of effort on our part to create it, and store it, and get all the standards, and to do anything with it.
  Professor D: Right. So we're gonna {disfmarker} So we're gonna do what we're gonna do, whatever's reasonable for us.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  PhD B: I think even doing something very crude {disfmarker}
  Professor D: But having {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Like I know with ATIS, we just had a tape recorder running all the time.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: And later on it turned out it was really good that you had a tape recorder of what was happening, even though you w you just got the speech from the machine. So if you can find some really, you know, low, uh, perplexity,
  Grad G: Low fidelity.
  PhD B: yeah, {comment} way of {disfmarker} of doing that, I think it would be worthwhile.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: I agree. And if it's simple as {disfmarker} I mean, as simple as just the digital {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Otherwise you'd {disfmarker} you lose it.
  Professor D: Well, minimally, I mean, what {disfmarker} what Dan is referring to at least having some representation of the p the spatial position of the people,
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor D: cuz we are interested in some spatial processing.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: And so {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Right.
  Professor D: so, um {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Well, once the room is a little more fixed that's a little easier
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: cuz you'll {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: Well, the wireless.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: But {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Also CMU has been doing this and they were the most vocal at this meeting, Alex Waibel's group. And they have {pause} said, I talked to the student who had done this, {comment} that with two fairly inexpensive cameras they {disfmarker} they just recorded all the time
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: and were able to get all the information from {disfmarker} or maybe it was three {disfmarker} from all the parts of the room. So I think we would be {disfmarker} we might lose the chance to use this data for somebody later who wants to do some kind of processing on it if we don't collect it {comment} at all.
  Grad G: Yeah. I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I don't disagree. I think that if you have that, then people who are interested in vision can use this database. The problem with it is you'll have more people who don't want to be filmed than who don't want to be recorded.
  Professor C: Mmm.
  Grad G: So that there's going to be another group of people who are gonna say" I won't participate" .
  Postdoc H: Well, she's not {pause} making {disfmarker}
  Professor C: That's true.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: Or you could put a paper bag over everybody's head
  Grad G: Um {disfmarker}
  PhD B: and not look at each other and not look at boards, and just all be sitting {vocalsound} talking.
  Professor D: Uh - huh.
  PhD B: That would be an interes {vocalsound} Bu
  Postdoc H: Well {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Great idea.
  Postdoc H: Well, there's {disfmarker} that'd be the {disfmarker} the parallel, yeah. But I think y she's {disfmarker} we're just proposing {pause} a minimal preservation of things on boards,
  PhD B: Yeah. I definitely won't participate if there's a camera.
  Postdoc H: sp spatial organization {disfmarker} And you could anonymize the faces for that matter. You know, I mean, this is {disfmarker}
  Grad G: But, you know, that's a lot of infrastructure and work.
  Postdoc H: We can talk about the {disfmarker}
  Grad G: To set it up and then anonymize it?
  Postdoc H: It's just one snapshot.
  PhD B: No, it wa n not, um {disfmarker}
  Professor A: No, no, no, no.
  Postdoc H: We're not talking about a movie.
  Professor A: So {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Not for {disfmarker} not for CMU.
  Postdoc H: We're talking about a snapshot.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: They have a pretty crude set - up. And they had {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  PhD B: they just turn on these cameras. They were {disfmarker} they were not moving or anything.
  Grad G: Couldn't find it?
  PhD B: And stored it on analog media.
  Grad G: Hmm?
  Postdoc H: Hmm.
  PhD B: And they {disfmarker} they didn't actually align it or anything. They just {disfmarker} they have it, though.
  Postdoc H: Yeah. Well, it's worth considering. Maybe we don't want to {disfmarker} spend that much more time discussing it,
  PhD F: Did they store it digitally, or {disfmarker}?
  Postdoc H: but {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Hmm - mm. I think they just {disfmarker}
  PhD F: or just put it on videotape?
  PhD B: I think they just had the videotapes with a c you know, a counter or something. Um,
  Professor D: Mm - hmm. Well, I think for {disfmarker} I mean, for our purposes we probably will d
  PhD B: I'm not sure.
  Professor D: we {disfmarker} we might try that some and {disfmarker} and we certainly already have some recordings that don't have that, uh, which, you know, we we'll {disfmarker} we'll get other value out of, I think.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  PhD B: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Th The thing is, if it's easy to collect it {disfmarker} it th then I think it's a wise thing to do because once it's gone it's gone. And {disfmarker}
  PhD B: I'm just {disfmarker} The community {disfmarker} If LDC collects this data {disfmarker} u I mean, and L - if Mark Liberman is a strong proponent of how they collect it and what they collect, there will probably be some video data in there.
  Professor D: There you go.
  PhD B: And so that could argue for us not doing it or it could argue for us doing it. The only place where it sort of overlaps is when some of the summarization issues are {disfmarker} actually could be, um, easier {disfmarker} made easier if you had {pause} the video.
  Professor D: I think at the moment we should be determining this on the basis of our own, uh, interests and needs rather than hypothetical ones from a community thing.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: As you say, if they {disfmarker} {vocalsound} if they decide it's really critical then they will collect a lot more data than we can afford to, uh, and {disfmarker} and will include all that.
  PhD B: Mmm.
  Professor D: Um,
  Professor A: e
  Professor D: I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I'm not worried about the cost of setting it up. I'm worried about the cost of people looking at it. In other words, it's {disfmarker} it {disfmarker} it'd be kind of silly to collect it all and not look at it at all. And so I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I think that we do have to do some picking and choosing of the stuff that we're doing. But I {disfmarker} I am int I do think that we m minimally want {disfmarker} something {disfmarker} we might want to look at {disfmarker} at some {disfmarker} some, uh, subsets of that. Like for a meeting like this, at least, uh, take a Polaroid of the {disfmarker} {vocalsound} of the {disfmarker} of the boards,
  PhD B: Of the board.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  PhD B: Or at least make sure that the note - taker takes a sh you know, a snapshot of the board.
  Professor D: and {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Exactly.
  Professor D: a and know the position of the people {disfmarker}
  PhD B: That'll make it a lot easier for meetings that are structured.
  Postdoc H: Exactly.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: I mean, otherwise later on if nobody wrote this stuff on the board down we'd have a harder time summarizing it or agreeing on a summary.
  Postdoc H: We {disfmarker} And it {disfmarker} Especially since this is common knowledge. I mean, this is shared knowledge among all the participants, and it's a shame to keep it off the recording.
  Grad G: Uh, except in {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: s
  Grad G: er, if we weren't recording this, this {disfmarker} this would get lost. Right?
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Well, I don't understand that point. I mean, I just think that the {disfmarker}
  Grad G: The point is that we're not saving it anyway. Right? In {disfmarker} in {pause} our real - life setting.
  Postdoc H: Well {disfmarker}
  Professor A: What do you mean we're not saving it anyway? I've written all of this down and it's getting emailed to you.
  Professor C: And you're gonna send it out by email, too.
  Grad G: Well, uh, in that case we don't need to take pictures of it.
  PhD B: Right. That would be the other alternative, to make sure that anything that was on the board, um, is in the record.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Professor C: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Well {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Well, that's why {disfmarker} that's why I'm saying that I think the note - taking would be {disfmarker} I think in many {disfmarker} for many meetings there will be some sort of note - taking, in which case, that's a useful thing to have {disfmarker} Uh, I mean, we {disfmarker} uh, we don't need to require it. Just like the {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: I mean, I think it would be great if we try to get a picture with every meeting. Um,
  Postdoc H: I agree.
  Professor A: so {disfmarker} so we won't worry about requiring these things, but the more things that we can get it for, the more useful it will be for various applications. So.
  Professor D: So {disfmarker} So, I mean, departing for the moment from the data collection question but actually talking about, you know, this group and what we actually want to do, uh, so I guess that's th the way {disfmarker} what you were figuring on doing was {disfmarker} was {disfmarker} was, uh, putting together some notes and sending them to {disfmarker} to everybody from {disfmarker} from today? OK. So. Um {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: That's great.
  Professor D: So {disfmarker} {vocalsound} so the question {comment} that {disfmarker} that we started with was whether there was anything else we should do during {disfmarker} during th during the collection.
  PhD B: Ow.
  Professor D: And I guess the CrossPads was certainly one idea, uh, and we'll get them from him and we'll just do that. Right? And then the next thing we talked about was the {disfmarker} was the summaries and are we gonna do anything about that.
  Professor A: Well, before we leave the CrossPads and {disfmarker} and call it done.
  Professor D: Oh, OK.
  Professor A: So, if I'm collecting data then there is this question of do I use CrossPads?
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor A: So, I think that if we really seriously have me collect data and I can't use CrossPads, it's probably less useful for you guys to go to the trouble of using it, um, unless you think that the CrossPads are gonna {disfmarker} n I'm not {disfmarker} I'm not sure what they're gonna do. But {disfmarker} but having a small percentage of the data with it, I'm not sure whether that's useful or not. Maybe {disfmarker} maybe it's no big deal.
  Professor D: What {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Maybe we just do it and see what happens.
  Professor D: I guess the point was to try {disfmarker} again, to try to collect more information that could be useful later for {disfmarker} for the UI stuff.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: So it's sort of Landay supplying it so that Landay's stuff can be easier to do.
  Professor A: Right.
  Professor D: So it {disfmarker} it {disfmarker} Right now he's g operating from zero,
  Professor A: Nothing.
  Professor D: and so even if we didn't get it done from UW, it seems like that would {disfmarker} could still {disfmarker} You shou
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: I mean, at least try it.
  PhD B: I think it'd be useful to have a small amount of it just as a proof of concept.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: It will {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Right. OK.
  PhD B: You know, what you can do with things.
  Grad G: And {disfmarker} and they seem to {pause} not be able to give enough of them away, so we could probably get more as well.
  PhD B: Yeah. But not {disfmarker} not to rely on them for {pause} basic modeling.
  Professor A: That's true. So if it {disfmarker} if it seems to be really useful to you guys, we could probably get a donation to me.
  Grad G: Yeah, I'm not sure. I think it it {disfmarker} it will again depend on Landay, and if he has a student who's interested, and how much infrastructure we'll need. I mean, if it's easy, we can just do it.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: Um, but if it requires a lot of our time, we probably won't do it.
  Professor A: Right.
  Professor D: I guess a lot of the stuff we're doing now really is pilot in one sense or another.
  Grad G: Yeah. Yeah, we have to sort of figure out what we're gonna do.
  Professor D: And so we try it out and see how it works.
  Grad G: Right.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  PhD B: I just wouldn't base any of the modeling on having those.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD B: Yeah.
  Grad G: Right. I ag I think I agree with that.
  PhD B: It's just {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Right. OK.
  Grad G: I think, though, the importance marking is a {pause} good idea, though. That if {disfmarker} if people have something in front of them {disfmarker}
  PhD B: I'd be sort of cool. I mean, it would {disfmarker} Yeah. That w shouldn't be hard for {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Yeah. Do it on pilots or laptops or something. OK, if something's important everyone clap.
  Professor A: OK. So CrossPads, we're just gonna try it and see what happens.
  Professor D: OK.
  Grad G: Yeah. Um, I think that's right.
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: OK.
  Professor A: The note - taking {disfmarker} So, I {disfmarker} I think that this is gonna be useful. So if we record data I will definitely ask for it. So, I j I think we should just say this is not {disfmarker} we don't want to put any extra burden on people, but if they happen to generate minutes, could {disfmarker} could they send it to us?
  Grad G: Yeah. Oh, OK. That's fine. Absolutely.
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: And then {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Yeah. What I was gonna say is that I don't want to ask people to do something they wouldn't normally do in a meeting. It's ver I just want to keep away from the artificiality.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: But I think it {pause} definitely if they exist. And then Jane's idea of summarization afterward I think is not a bad one. Um, picking out {disfmarker} basically to let you pick out keywords, um, and, uh, construct queries.
  Professor D: So who {disfmarker} who does this summarization?
  Postdoc H: Yeah, I'm thinking that {disfmarker}
  Grad G: People in the meeting.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Grad G: You know, just at {disfmarker} at the end of the meeting, before you go,
  Postdoc H: Uh - huh.
  PhD B: Without hearing each other though, probably.
  Grad G: go around the table.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  PhD F: Or even just have one or two people stay behind.
  Grad G: Yeah. Ugh. Yeah.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD E: People with radio mikes can go into separate rooms and continue recording without hearing each other. That's the nice thing.
  PhD B: Well, then you should try them a few weeks later
  Postdoc H: How fascinating.
  PhD B: and {disfmarker} They have all these memory experiments about how little you actually retain
  Grad G: And see {disfmarker} score them?
  PhD E: That's right. Well, that's the interesting thing, though.
  PhD B: and wasn't {disfmarker}
  PhD E: If we do {disfmarker} if we collect four different summaries, you know, we're gonna get all this weird data about how people perceive things differently.
  Grad G: Oh.
  PhD E: It's like {comment} this is not what we meant to research.
  Grad G: Hmm.
  PhD B: Right, right.
  Professor D: Oh. Yeah.
  Postdoc H: That could be very interesting.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD F: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor A: But {disfmarker} but again, like the CrossPads, I don't think I would base a lot of stuff on it,
  Professor D: Ru
  Grad G: I d yeah, I don't know how you would do it, though.
  Professor A: because I think {disfmarker} I know when I see the {disfmarker} the clock coming near the end of the meeting, I'm like inching towards the door.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm. Running to {disfmarker} Yeah,
  Professor A: So,
  Grad G: fff!
  PhD E: Hmm.
  Professor A: you're probably not gonna get {pause} a lot of people wanting to do this.
  Grad G: Maybe e Is email easier?
  Postdoc H: Well, I think if {disfmarker}
  Grad G: I mean, I {disfmarker} when you first said do {disfmarker} do it, um, spoken, what I was thinking is, oh then people have to come up
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: and you have to hook them up to the recorder. So, if they're already here I think that's good,
  Professor A: Right.
  Grad G: but if they're not already here for {disfmarker} I'd rather do email. I'm much faster typing than anything else.
  Postdoc H: Yeah, I'd just try {disfmarker} Well, however the least intrusive and {disfmarker} and quickest way is, and th and closest to the meeting time too, cuz people will start to forget it as soon as they l leave.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  Professor A: Yeah. I think that {disfmarker} I think doing it orally at the end of the meeting is the best time.
  Grad G: I don't know. At {disfmarker}
  Professor A: I just don't {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: because they're kind of a captive audience. Once they leave,
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: you know, forget it. But {disfmarker} but i
  Grad G: Yeah, read the digits, do the summary.
  Professor A: Right. But, uh, I don't think that they'll necessarily {disfmarker} you'll {disfmarker} you'll get many people willing to stay.
  Professor D: Hmm.
  Professor A: But, you know, if you get even one {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: w
  Professor D: Well, I think it's like the note - taking thing,
  Postdoc H: I would s Yeah.
  Professor D: that {disfmarker} that y that you can't {disfmarker} certainly can't require it or people aren't gonna want to do this. But {disfmarker} but if there's some cases where they will, then it would be helpful.
  PhD F: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: And I'm also wondering, couldn't that be included in the data sample so that you could increase the num you know, the words that are, uh, recognized by a particular individual? If you could include the person's meeting stuff and also the person's summary stuff, maybe that would be uh,
  PhD E: Yeah. It's kind of nice.
  Postdoc H: an ad addition to their database.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor D: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: Under the same acoustic circumstance, cuz if they just walk next door with their set - up, nothing's changed,
  PhD E: Right.
  Postdoc H: just {disfmarker}
  PhD F: So I have a question about queries,
  Grad G: God, that's bugging me.
  PhD F: which is, um,
  Grad G: Can we turn that light off?
  Postdoc H: You turn {disfmarker}
  PhD F: uh {disfmarker}
  Grad G: If {disfmarker} can we turn that just {disfmarker} that {disfmarker} that let {disfmarker}
  Professor D: The fl the fluorescent light is flickering.
  Postdoc H: Uh, let the record show the light is flickering.
  PhD F: I don't know.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah, there's a {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Oh, it is {disfmarker} it is like {disfmarker} OK.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Grad G: Very annoying.
  PhD F: There you go. OK.
  Grad G: Oh, much better.
  Professor A: For a little while I thought it was just that I was really tired.
  Professor C: Oh, yeah.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor C: That's better.
  PhD F: Good.
  Professor A: That and y {comment} Too much caffeine and really tired,
  Grad G: Too much caffeine.
  Professor A: but then I thought" no, maybe that's real" .
  Professor D: OK.
  PhD F: So,
  Grad G: I thought it was the projector for a moment. It was like," what's going on?" Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD F: the question I had about queries was, um, so what we're planning to do is have people look at the summaries and then generate queries? Are {disfmarker} are we gonna try and o
  Grad G: We {disfmarker} we've just been talking, how do we generate queries?
  PhD F: Yeah. Well, I mean,
  Grad G: And so that was one suggestion.
  PhD F: so, the question I had is is have we given any thought to how we would generate queries automatically given a summary? I mean, I think that's a whole research topic un unto itself,
  Professor D: Mmm.
  PhD F: so that it may not be a feasible thing. But {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Hello. Dan here.
  PhD F: n
  PhD B: Shouldn't Landay and his group be in charge of figuring out how to do this?
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: I mean, this is an issue that goes a little bit beyond where {pause} we are right now.
  PhD E: OK.
  PhD B: They're the expert
  PhD E: Mari?
  Professor A: Yeah?
  PhD E: Someone wants to know when you're getting picked up. Is someone picking you up?
  Professor A: Um, {vocalsound} what's our schedule?
  Professor D: Well, you still wanted to talk with Liz.
  Professor A: Let's see, you and I need dis Uh, no, we did the Liz talk.
  Professor D: And you and I need to Oh, oh. You already did the Liz talk.
  Professor A: Yeah. So {disfmarker} so that was the prosody thing.
  Professor D: OK.
  PhD B: We - {vocalsound} I don't remember it.
  Professor A: Um, we need to finish the {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Oh, OK.
  Professor A: It's already four - fifteen.
  PhD B: I have like no recall memory.
  Professor A: Uh, after.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor A: We need to {pause} finish this discussion, and you and I need a little time for wrap - up and quad chart. So,
  Grad G: And what?
  Professor A: um {disfmarker}
  Professor D: I'm at your disposal. So, up to you.
  Professor A: Um, what {disfmarker} what's the plan for this discussion? We should {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Um, I think we should be able to wind up in another half - hour or something, you think?
  Grad G: At least. Yeah.
  Professor A: Uh, less.
  Grad G: m i Even if that much?
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Professor D: Less?
  Grad G: Less.
  Professor A: So, I think {disfmarker}
  PhD B: It's interesting that he's got, like, {pause} this discussion free
  Professor D: Well, I mean, we still haven't talked about the action items from here and so on.
  Professor A: Action {disfmarker} Yeah. So,
  PhD B: yet it's separate.
  Professor D: And {disfmarker}
  Professor A: e e why don't you say five - thirty? I don't {disfmarker}
  PhD E: OK, five - thirty.
  Professor A: Is that OK? We'll probably hit horrible traffic.
  PhD E: Sounds {disfmarker} OK. h Thanks, bye.
  Professor A: That's not a lot of time,
  PhD E: That's that.
  Professor A: but {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: Well, in answer to" is it Landay's problem?" , um, he doesn't have a student who's interested right now in doing anything. So he has very little manpower. Um, there's very little allocated for him and also he's pretty focused on user interface. So I don't think he wants to do information retrieval, query generation, that sort of stuff.
  Professor D: Yeah, well there's gonna be these student projects that can do some things but it can't be, yeah, very deep. u I {disfmarker} I actually think that {disfmarker} that, uh, again, just as a bootstrap, {comment} if we do have something like summaries, then having the people who are involved in the meetings themselves, who are cooperative and willing to do yet more, come up with {disfmarker} with {disfmarker} with queries, uh, could at least give {disfmarker} give Landay an idea of the kind of things that people might want to know. I mean, ye Right? If he doesn't know anything about the area, and {disfmarker} the people are talking about and {disfmarker} and, uh {disfmarker}
  PhD B: But the people will just look at the summaries or the minutes and re and sort of back - generate the queries. That's what I'm worried about. So you might as well just give him the summaries.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: And {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Maybe.
  PhD F: Well, I'm not sure {disfmarker} I'm not sure that's a solved problem.
  Grad G: y Well, but I think {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Oh, OK.
  PhD F: Right? Of how to {disfmarker} how to generate queries from a {disfmarker}
  PhD B: How to do this from the summary.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: I, uh {disfmarker}
  PhD F: That was sort of what my {pause} question was {pause} aimed towards.
  PhD B: So what you want to h to do is, people who were there, who later see, uh, minutes and s put in summary form, which is not gonna be at the same time as the meeting. There's no way that can happen. Are we gonna later go over it
  Professor A: Hmm.
  Professor D: Right.
  Grad G: Right.
  PhD B: and, like, make up some stuff to which these notes would be an answer, or {disfmarker} or a deeper {disfmarker} Yeah. I mean {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Or {disfmarker} or just a memory refresher.
  PhD B: But that's done off {disfmarker} they have to do that off - line.
  Grad G: Yep. I agree.
  PhD B: You
  Postdoc H: I'm also wondering if we could ask the {disfmarker} the people a {disfmarker} a question which would be" what was the most interesting thing you got out of this meeting?" Becau - in terms of like informativeness,
  PhD B: That's a good one.
  Postdoc H: it might be, you know, that the summary would {disfmarker} would not in even include what the person thought was the most interesting fact.
  Professor D: I would think that would be the most likely thing.
  PhD B: Dan doesn't know what sex he is.
  PhD E: Yeah, really.
  Professor A: But actually I would say that's a better thing to ask than have them summarize the meeting.
  Postdoc H: I think you get two different types of information.
  Professor A: You get two {disfmarker} Yeah, that's true.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Because you get, like, the general structure of important points and what the {disfmarker} what the meeting was about.
  Professor D: Hey.
  PhD B: Ah
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: We're still here.
  Postdoc H: So you get the general structure, the important points of what the meeting was about {pause} with the summary. But with the" what's the most interesting thing you learned?" {disfmarker} Uh, so the fact that, uh, I know that Transcriber uses Snack is something that I thought was interesting
  PhD B: Going to see the kids.
  PhD E: You {disfmarker} you can keep it on.
  Postdoc H: and that {disfmarker} and that Dan worked on {disfmarker} on that. So I thought that was really {disfmarker} you know. So, I mean, you could ge pick up some of the micro items that wouldn't even occur as major headings
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: but could be very informative.
  Professor A: Yeah, that's actually a really good idea.
  Postdoc H: I think it wouldn't be too, uh, uh, cost - intensive either. You know, I mean, it's like something someone can do pretty easily on the spur of the moment.
  Professor C: Are you thinking about just asking one participant or all of them?
  Grad G: As many are willing to do it.
  Professor C: Make it a voluntary thing,
  PhD E: Yeah. Cuz you'll get {disfmarker} cuz you'll get very different answers from everybody, right?
  Professor C: and then {disfmarker} Yeah. That's why I was wondering.
  PhD E: So {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Well, maybe one thing we could do is for the meetings we've already done {disfmarker} I mean, I {disfmarker} we didn't take minutes and we don't have summaries. But, uh, people could, like, listen to them a little bit and {pause} generate some queries.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Grad G: Of course Jane doesn't need to. I'm sure you have that meeting memorized by now.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor A: But actually it would be an easy thing to just go around the room and say {pause} what was the most interesting thing you learned,
  Grad G: Mmm.
  Postdoc H: Yeah. Yeah.
  Professor A: for those pe people willing to stay.
  Postdoc H: And that {disfmarker} I think it would pick up the micro - structure, the {disfmarker} some {disfmarker} some of the little things that would be hidden.
  Professor A: And {disfmarker} and that might be something people are willing to stay for.
  Professor D: Boy, I {disfmarker} I don't know how we get at this {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: That would be interesting.
  Professor C: Yeah, but when you go around the room you might just get the effect that somebody says something
  Grad G: Or want to get up and leave.
  Professor C: and then you go around the room and they say" yeah, me too, I agree." Grad G: Me too, me too, me too.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor A: That's fine.
  Professor C: So {disfmarker}
  PhD E: On the other hand people might try and come up with different ones, right?
  Professor D: Well {disfmarker}
  PhD E: They might say" oh, I was gonna say that one but now I have to think of something else" .
  Grad G: Well, you have the other thing, that {disfmarker} that they know why we're doing it. We'll {disfmarker} I mean, we'll {disfmarker} we'll be telling them that the reason we're trying to do this is {disfmarker} is to d generate queries in the future, so try to pick things that other people didn't say.
  Professor D: It's gonna take some thought. I mean, It seemed {disfmarker} {vocalsound} The kind of, uh, interest that I had in this thing initially was, uh, that i basically the form that you're doing something else {pause} later,
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: and you want to pick up something from this meeting related to the something else. So it's really the imp the {disfmarker} the list of what's important's in the something else
  Professor A: Right.
  Professor D: rather than the {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Mmm.
  Professor D: And it might be something minor {disfmarker} of minor importance to the meeting.
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: Right.
  Professor D: Uh, in fact if {disfmarker} if it was really major, if it's the thing that really stuck in your head, then you might not need to go back and {disfmarker} and {disfmarker} and check on it even. So it's {disfmarker} it's that you're trying to find {disfmarker} {comment} You're {disfmarker} you've now {disfmarker} You weren't interested {disfmarker} Say I {disfmarker} I said" well, I wasn't that much interested in dialogue, I'm more of an acoustics person" .
  PhD E: Right.
  Professor D: But {disfmarker} but thr three months from now if for some reason I get really interested in dialogue, and I'm" well what is {disfmarker} what was that part that {disfmarker} that {disfmarker} that, uh, Mari was saying?" Grad G: Yeah, like Jim Bass says" add a few lines on dialogue in your next perf" Professor A: Uh {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah. Yeah.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Professor D: And then I'm trying to fi I mean, that's {disfmarker} that's when I look {disfmarker} in general when I look things up most, is when it's something that {vocalsound} didn't really stick in my head the first time around and {disfmarker} but for some {comment} new reason I'm {disfmarker} I'm {disfmarker} I'm interested in {disfmarker} in {disfmarker} in the old stuff.
  Grad G: But that {disfmarker} that's gonna be very hard to generate.
  Professor A: Well, I {disfmarker} That's hard to generate
  Professor D: So, I don't {disfmarker} I don't know.
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  PhD F: Do we {disfmarker}
  Professor A: and {disfmarker} and I think that's half of what i I would use it for. But I also a lot of times um, make {disfmarker} you know, think to myself" this is interesting,
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: I've gotta come back and follow up on it" .
  Professor D: Mm - hmm. Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: So, things that I think are interesting, um, I would be, uh, wanting to do a query about. And also, I like the idea of going around the room, because if somebody else thought something was interesting, I'd kind of want to know about it and then I'd want to follow up on it.
  PhD E: Hmm.
  Professor D: Yeah. That {disfmarker} that might get at some of what I was {disfmarker} I was concerned about, uh, being interested in something later that w uh, I didn't consider to be important the first time, which for me is actually the dominant thing, because if I thought it was really important it tends to stick more than if I didn't, but some new {pause} task comes along that makes me want to look up.
  Grad G: But {disfmarker} But what's interesting to me may not b have been interesting to you.
  Professor D: Yeah. So having multiple people might get at some of that.
  Grad G: By {disfmarker} so by going around {disfmarker} Yeah.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah, I {disfmarker} I think {pause} you can't get at all of it,
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: right? W we just need to start somewhere.
  Professor D: Yeah, and this is a starting point.
  Postdoc H: Uh - huh.
  PhD F: The question {disfmarker} the question then is h h how much bias do we introduce by {disfmarker} you know, introduce by saying, you know, this was important now and, you know, maybe tha something else is important later?
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD F: I mean, does it {disfmarker} does the bias matter? I {disfmarker} I don't know. I mean, uh, that's, I guess, a question for you guys. But {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Well, and {disfmarker} and one thing, we {disfmarker} we're saying" important" and we're saying" interesting" .
  PhD F: Uh, yeah, yeah.
  Postdoc H: And {disfmarker} and those {disfmarker} those can be two different things.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD F: Sure, sure. But I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I guess that's the question, really, is that {disfmarker} I mean,
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: W
  PhD F: does building queries based on what's important now introduce an irreversible bias on being able to do what Morgan wants to do later?
  Professor D: Well, irreversible.
  Postdoc H: OK, good.
  PhD F: That's {disfmarker} that's {disfmarker}
  Professor D: I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I mean, I guess what I what I {disfmarker} I keep coming back to in my own mind is that, um, the soonest we can do it, we need to get up some kind of system
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  PhD F: Right.
  Professor D: so that people who've been involved in the meeting can go back later, even if it's a poor system in some ways, and, uh {disfmarker} and ask the questions that they actually want to know. If {disfmarker} you know, if {disfmarker} uh, as soon as we can get that going at any kind of level, then I think we'll have a much better handle on what kind of questions people want to ask than in any {disfmarker} anything we do before that. But obviously we have to bootstrap somehow,
  Professor A: Right.
  Professor D: and {disfmarker}
  PhD F: Sure.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD F: I agree.
  Postdoc H: I will say that {disfmarker} that I {disfmarker} I chose" interesting" because I think it includes also" important" in some cases. But, um, I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I feel like the summary gets {pause} at a different type of information.
  PhD F: I think" important" can often be uninteresting.
  Professor A: Mmm.
  PhD E: Mmm. And" interesting" is more interesting than" important" .
  Grad G: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: Well, and {disfmarker} and also {disfmarker} i it puts a lot of burden on the person to {disfmarker} to evaluate. You know, I think inter" interesting" is {disfmarker} is non - threatening in {disfmarker}
  Professor A: OK - OK.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor A: In the interest of, um,
  Grad G: Importance?
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor A: generati {comment} generating an interesting summary, {comment} um {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm. Yeah.
  Professor A: No, i in the interest of generating some minutes here, uh, and also moving on to action items and other things, let me just go through the things that I wrote down as being important, um, that we at least decided on. CrossPads we were going to try, um, if Landay can get the, uh {disfmarker} get them to {disfmarker} to you guys, um, and see if they're interesting. And if they are, then we'll try to get m do it more. Um, getting electronic summary from a note - taking person if they happen to do it anyway.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Um, getting {pause} just, uh, digital pictures {disfmarker} a couple digital pictures of the {disfmarker} the table and boards to set the context of the meeting. Uh, and then going around the room at the end to just say {disfmarker} qu ask people to mention something interesting that they learned. So rather than say the most interesting thing, something interesting,
  Postdoc H: k
  Professor A: and that way you'll get more variety.
  Postdoc H: Sure.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: I wouldn't even say that" that they learned" .
  Postdoc H: That's good. I like that. I like that.
  Professor A: OK.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Grad G: Uh, you might want to mention something that {disfmarker} that you brought up.
  Professor A:" Thing {pause} that was {pause} discussed." And then the last thing c would be for those people who are willing to stay afterwards and give an oral summary.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: OK? Does that pretty much cover everything we talked about? That {disfmarker} well, that we want to do?
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm. A And one {disfmarker} and one qualification on {disfmarker} on the oral summaries. They'd be s they'd be separate. They wouldn't be hearing each other's summaries.
  Professor A: OK.
  Grad G: Yeah, that's like {disfmarker} n I think that's gonna predominantly end up being whoever {pause} takes down the equipment then.
  Postdoc H: And {disfmarker} and that would also be that the data would be included in the database.
  Grad G: Yeah, that would be, let's see, me.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  PhD E: I mean, there is still this hope that people might actually think of real queries they really want to ask at some point.
  Postdoc H: OK.
  PhD E: And that if {disfmarker} if that ever should happen, then we should try and write them down.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: Right.
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: Give them a reward, a dollar a query?
  PhD E: Yeah, really.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD E: If they're real queries.
  Professor A: OK. So {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Well, and again, if we can figure out a way to jimmy a {disfmarker} a {disfmarker} a {disfmarker} a very rough system, say in a year, then {disfmarker} uh, so that in the second and third years we {disfmarker} we actually have something to {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  Professor A: Play with and generate real queries from.
  Professor D: ask queries.
  Professor A: Right. OK.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  Professor A: So. Yeah.
  Professor D: Uh {disfmarker}
  PhD B: I think {disfmarker} I just wanted to say one thing about queries. I mean, {vocalsound} {vocalsound} the level of the query could be, you know, very low - level or very high - level. And it gets fuzzier and fuzzier as you go up, right?
  Grad G: Well, we're gonna {disfmarker}
  PhD B: So you need to have some sort of {disfmarker} if you start working with queries, some way of identifying what the {disfmarker} you know, if this is something that requires a {disfmarker} a one - word answer or it's one place in the recording versus was there general agreement on this issue of all the people who ha
  PhD E: Hmm.
  PhD B: You know, you can gen you can ask queries that are meaningful for people.
  Grad G: Yep.
  PhD B: In fact, they're very meaningful cuz they're very high - level. But they won't exist anywhere in the {pause} a you know {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Absolutely. So I think we're gonna have to start with keywords
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: and {disfmarker} and if someone becomes more interested we could work our way up.
  Professor D: I I'm {disfmarker} I I'm not so sure I agree with that.
  PhD B: It {disfmarker} But it may well {disfmarker}
  Grad G: But {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Because {disfmarker} uh, b because it depends on, uh, what our goal is.
  Grad G: Really?
  Professor D: If our goal is Wizard of Oz - ish, we might want to know what is it that people would really like to know about this data.
  Grad G: Oh, that's true.
  Professor D: And if it's {disfmarker} if {disfmarker} if it's something that we don't know how to do yet, th great,
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor D: that's, you know, research project for year four or something.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD E: Research, yeah.
  Professor D: You know?
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: Yeah, I was thinking about Wizard of Oz, but it requires the wizard to know all about the meetings.
  PhD E: We'd have to listen to all the data.
  Professor D: Um, well, not {disfmarker} maybe not true Wizard of Oz
  Grad G: So.
  Professor D: because people are too
  Grad G: Oh, yeah. I {disfmarker} I understand.
  Professor D: uh, aware of what's going on.
  PhD E: Well just imagine if {disfmarker}
  Professor D: But {disfmarker} but just {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Get people to ask questions that they def the machine definitely can't answer at the moment,
  Professor D: Yeah. w Just" what would you like to know?" PhD E: but {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Yep.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Grad G: But that {disfmarker} neither could anyone else, though, is what, uh, my point is.
  PhD E: Yes.
  Postdoc H: I I was wondering if {disfmarker} if there might be one s more source of queries which is indicator phrases like" action item" ,
  Professor A: OK.
  Postdoc H: which could be obtained from the text {disfmarker} from the transcript.
  Grad G: Right. Since we have the transcript.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Grad G: Dates maybe. I don't know. That's something I always forget.
  Postdoc H: Yeah, that's something to be determined, something to be specified,
  PhD B: Well, probably if you have to sit there at the end of a meeting and say one thing you remember, it's probably whatever action item was assigned to you.
  Postdoc H: but text - oriented.
  PhD B: I mean, in gen that's all I remember from most meetings.
  Grad G: That {disfmarker} that's all I wrote down.
  Postdoc H: I think you'd remember that, yeah.
  PhD B: So, in general, I mean, that could be something you could say, right? I'm supposed to {pause} do this. It {disfmarker} it doesn't {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Yeah, that's true. Well, but then you could {disfmarker} you could prompt them to say, you know," other than your action item" , you know, whatever.
  PhD E: Well {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: But {disfmarker} but the action item would be a way to get, uh, maybe an additional query.
  PhD B: I mean, that's realistically what people might {pause} well be remembering.
  Postdoc H: So.
  PhD B: So.
  Professor D: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: Yeah. Well, but {disfmarker} you know, but you could get again @ @ {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Well, we're piloting. We'll just do it and see what happens.
  PhD B: Yeah. Yeah.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor D: I usually don't remember my action items. But {disfmarker} {vocalsound} I'd {disfmarker} I {disfmarker}
  Professor A: OK - OK. Speaking of action items, can we move on to action items?
  Professor D: Yeah. Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: Sure. Can you hand me my note pad?
  Postdoc H: Yeah. yeah.
  Professor A: Um, or maybe we should wait until the summary of this {disfmarker} until this meeting is transcribed and then we will hav
  Professor D: We {disfmarker} we had {disfmarker} I mean,
  PhD E: Yeah. Then we'll know.
  Grad G: Thanks.
  Professor D: somewhere up there we had milestones, but I guess {disfmarker} Did y did you get enough milestone, uh, from the description things?
  Professor A: I got {disfmarker} Yeah. In fact, why don't you hand me those transparencies so that I remember to take them. eee,
  Professor D: OK.
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: And, you know, there's obviously {pause} detail behind each of those, as much as is needed. So, you just have to {pause} let us know.
  Professor A: OK. What I have down for action items is we're supposed to find out about our human subject, um, {vocalsound} requirements.
  Postdoc H: Good.
  Professor A: Uh,
  Grad G: Yep.
  Professor A: people are supposed to send me U R for their {disfmarker} for web pages, to c and I'll put together an overall cover. And you're s
  PhD E: Right. We {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Hmm?
  PhD E: we need to look at our web page
  Professor A: And {disfmarker} and you also need to look at your web page
  PhD E: and make one that's {disfmarker} that's p
  Professor A: and clean it up by mid - July.
  PhD E: PDA - free.
  Grad G: Right.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor A: Um,
  Professor D: Right.
  Professor A: let's see. Choo - choo - choo. We {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Mailing lists.
  Professor A: Mailing list? Uh, you need to put together a mailing list.
  Professor D: Three of them.
  Professor A: Uh, I think w
  Professor D: Well {disfmarker} {vocalsound} I mean,
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Professor D: uh,
  Professor A: Um,
  Professor D: mostly together.
  Professor A: uh, I need to email Adam or Jane, um, about getting the data. Who should I email?
  Grad G: Uh, how quickly do you want it?
  Professor A: Um.
  Grad G: My July is really very crowded. And so, uh {disfmarker}
  Professor A: How about if I just c Uh, Right now all I want {disfmarker} I personally only want text data. I think the only thing Jeff would do anything with right now {disfmarker} But I'm just speaking fr based on a conversation with him two weeks ago I had in Turkey. But I think all he would want is the digits. Um, but I'll just speak for myself. I'm interested in getting the language model data. Eh, so I'm just interested in getting transcriptions.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: So then just email you?
  Postdoc H: OK. So y Sure, sure, sure.
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: Wh
  Postdoc H: You could email to both of us, uh, just {disfmarker} I mean, if you wanted to.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: I mean, I don't think either of us would mind recei
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: i
  Grad G: That's right.
  Postdoc H: but {disfmarker} but in any case I'd be happy to send you the {disfmarker}
  Professor A: And your email is?
  Professor D: i
  Postdoc H: Edwards at ICSI.
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: w
  Grad G: Dot Berkeley dot EDU, of course.
  Professor A: And then {disfmarker}
  Professor D: In {disfmarker} in our phone call, uh, before, we {disfmarker} we, uh {disfmarker} It turns out the way we're gonna send the data is by, uh, And, uh {disfmarker} and then what they're gonna do is take the CD - ROM and transfer it to analog tape and {vocalsound} give it to a transcription service, uh, that will {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Oh, is this IBM?
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Yeah, using foot pedals
  Professor D: Yeah, foot {disfmarker} foot pedals
  Postdoc H: and {disfmarker}
  Professor D: and {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Uh, so do they {disfmarker} How are they gonna do the multi - channel?
  Professor D: See, that's a good question.
  Postdoc H: Yeah. They {disfmarker} they don't have a way.
  Grad G: I thought so.
  Professor D: No, I mean, it'll be
  Postdoc H: But they have a verification.
  Professor D: probably about like you did,
  Grad G: Mix?
  Professor D: and then there will be some things {disfmarker} you know, many things that don't work out well. And that'll go back to IBM and they'll {disfmarker} they'll, uh {disfmarker} they run their aligner on it and it kicks out things that don't work well, which {disfmarker} you know, the overlaps will certainly be examples of that. And, uh {disfmarker} I mean, what w we will give them all of it. Right?
  Grad G: OK. That's, uh, my question.
  Professor D: We'll give them all the {disfmarker} the multi - channel stuff
  Grad G: So we'll give them all sixteen channels
  Professor D: and {disfmarker}
  Grad G: and they'll do whatever they want with it.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: But you also should probably give them the mixed {disfmarker} You know, equal sound - level {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah. {vocalsound} Good idea.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: I mean, they're not gonna easily be able to do that, probably.
  Grad G: It's not hard.
  Professor D: Well {disfmarker}
  PhD B: Ah, yeah.
  Grad G: So.
  PhD B: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: It's also won't be adding much to the data to give them the mixed.
  PhD F: But w
  PhD B: I
  PhD F: It's not {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD F: Right. It doesn't {disfmarker} it isn't difficult for us to do,
  Grad G: Yep. Absolutely.
  PhD B: i You should {disfmarker} Yeah.
  PhD F: so we might as well just do it.
  PhD B: You should {disfmarker} that may be all that they want to send off to their {pause} transcribers.
  Grad G: Absolutely. So, sure.
  Professor A: OK. Related to {disfmarker} to the conversation with Picheny, I need to email him, uh, my shipping address and you need to email them something which you already did.
  Postdoc H: I did. I {disfmarker} I m emailed them the Transcriber URL, um, the on - line, uh, data that Adam set up, The URL so they can click on an utterance and hear it. and I emailed them the str streamlined conventions which you got a copy of today.
  Professor D: Right. And I was gonna m email them the {disfmarker} which I haven't yet, a pointer to {disfmarker} to the web pages that we {disfmarker} that we currently have, cuz in particular they want to see the one with the {disfmarker} the way the recording room is set up
  Postdoc H: Good.
  Professor D: and so on, your {disfmarker} your page on that.
  Postdoc H: Oh, excellent. Good.
  Grad G: And then p possibly {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: I C - I CC'ed Morgan. I should have sent {disfmarker} I should have CC'ed you as well.
  Professor A: OK.
  Grad G: Not an immediate action item but something we do have to worry about is data formats for {disfmarker} for higher - level information.
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: Oh, yeah. We were gonna {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Well, or d or not even higher level, different level, prosody and all that sort of stuff. We're gonna have to figure out how we're gonna annotate that.
  Professor A: Yeah. We never had our data format discussion.
  Professor D: Yeah, we w Right.
  Postdoc H: Oh, I thought we did. We discussed, uh, musi musical score notation
  Professor A: Oh, OK.
  Grad G: But that's not {disfmarker} That's display.
  Postdoc H: and {disfmarker} and its XML {disfmarker}
  Grad G: That's different than format.
  Professor A: That's {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Well, um {disfmarker}
  Professor A: W My {disfmarker} my u feeling right now on format is you guys have been doing all the work
  PhD E: Well {disfmarker} uh, yeah.
  Professor A: and whatever you want, we're happy to live with.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor A: Um,
  Postdoc H: OK, excellent.
  Professor A: other people may not agree with that,
  Professor D: OK. So, what n important thing {disfmarker}
  Professor A: but {disfmarker} Cuz I'm not actually touching the data,
  Postdoc H: Well, it c
  PhD E: Right.
  Professor A: so I shouldn't be the one to talk. But {disfmarker}
  Professor C: No, I think that's fine.
  Professor D: So a key thing will be that you {disfmarker} we tell you
  Postdoc H: Great.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Professor D: what it is. Uh, we also had {disfmarker}
  PhD F:" Here's a mysterious file
  PhD E: Yeah.
  PhD F: and {disfmarker}" Professor D: We also had the, uh, uh {disfmarker} that we were s uh, that you were gonna get us the eight - hundred number
  Professor A: Oh, yeah.
  Professor D: and we're all gonna {disfmarker} we're gonna call up your Communicator thing and {disfmarker} and we're gonna be good slash bad, depending on how you define it, uh, users.
  Professor C: Now, something that I mentioned earlier to Mari and Liz is that it's probably important to get as many non - technical and non - speech people as possible in order to get some realistic users. So if you could ask other people to call and use our system, that'd be good. Cuz we don't want people who already know how to deal with dialogue systems,
  Professor A: Yeah. Or, {vocalsound} like if you have a {disfmarker}
  Professor C: who know that you shouldn't hyper - articulate, for instance, and things like that.
  Professor A: Or, like if you have somebody who makes your {disfmarker} your plane reservations for you,
  Professor C: So.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor A: um, which is
  Professor D: Yeah, we can do that.
  Professor A: the n
  Grad G: Get my parents to do it.
  Professor A: Yeah. Yeah. Seriously.
  Professor C: Yeah, for instance.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Professor C: Your grandmother.
  Professor D: Hmm.
  Professor A: Yeah. e You know, it could {pause} result in some good bloopers, which is always good for presentations. So {disfmarker} Um, anyway {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: I think my father would last through the second prompt before he hang {disfmarker} hung up.
  Professor A: Mmm.
  Professor D: My mother would have a very interesting conversation with it
  Grad G: He would never use it.
  Professor D: but it wouldn't have anything to do with the travel.
  Professor A: OK. Um, other {disfmarker}
  Professor D: OK.
  Professor A: Let's see, other action items. So I have the {disfmarker}
  Professor D: We talked about that we're getting the recording equipment running at UW. And so it depends, w e e e they're {disfmarker} you know, they're p m If that comes together within the next month, there at least will be, uh, uh, major communications between Dan and {vocalsound} UW folks
  PhD E: Yeah. I mean,
  Professor A: I'm {disfmarker} I'm shooting to try to get it done {disfmarker} get it put together by {pause} the beginning of August.
  Professor D: as to {disfmarker}
  PhD E: we should talk about it, but {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Mmm.
  Professor A: So, um, you know, if
  Professor D: But we have {disfmarker} it {disfmarker} it's {disfmarker} it's pretty {disfmarker} We don't know. I mean, he {disfmarker} he s uh, he said that it was sitting in some room collecting dust
  Professor A: We don't know.
  Professor D: and {disfmarker} and so we don't know,
  Professor A: i It's probably unlikely that we'll pull this off,
  Professor D: i e
  Professor A: but a at least it's worth trying.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm. What is it?
  Professor D: We don't know.
  Grad G: Oh, OK.
  Professor D:" Recording equipment." PhD E: Yeah.
  Grad G: It's a tape recorder.
  Professor D: W We know it's eight channels. Uh, we know it's digital.
  Grad G: It's eight tape recorders.
  Professor D: We don't even know if there're microphones. So, we'll find out.
  Professor A: OK. Um, and I will email these notes {disfmarker} Um, I'm not sure what to do about action items for the data stuff, although, then somebody {disfmarker} I guess somebody needs to tell Landay that you want the pads.
  Professor D: Yeah, OK. I'll do that.
  Professor A: OK.
  Professor D: Um, and he also said something about outside {disfmarker} there {disfmarker} that came up about the outside text sources, that he {disfmarker} he may have
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Oh!
  Professor D: some text sources that are close enough to the sort of thing that we can play with them for a language model.
  Professor C: Hmm.
  PhD E: Yeah, that was {disfmarker} uh, that was {disfmarker} What he was saying was this {disfmarker} he {disfmarker} this thing that, uh, Jason had been working on finds web pages that are thematically related to what you're talking about. Well, that's the idea. So that that {disfmarker} that would be a source of text which is {disfmarker} supposedly got the right vocabulary.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD E: But it's obviously very different material. It's not spoken material, for instance,
  Professor D: Yeah. But it's p it might be {disfmarker}
  PhD E: so {disfmarker}
  Professor A: But {disfmarker} but that's actually what I wanna do. That's {disfmarker} that's what I wanna work with,
  PhD E: OK.
  Professor A: is {disfmarker} is things that s the wrong material but the right da the right source.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Grad G: Un - unfortunately Landay told me that Jason is not gonna be working on that anymore.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  Grad G: He's switching to other stuff again.
  Professor A: Yeah. He seemed {disfmarker} when I asked him if he could actually supply data, he seemed a little bit more reluctant. So, I'll {disfmarker} I'll send him email. I'll put it in an action item that I send him email about it. And if I get something, great. If I don't get something {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Who? Landay or Jason?
  Professor A: Landay. And, uh, um,
  Professor D: OK.
  Grad G: OK.
  Professor A: you know, otherwise, if you guys have any papers or {disfmarker} I could {disfmarker} I could use, uh {disfmarker} I could use your web pages. That's what we could do. You've got all the web pages on the Meeting Recor
  Professor D: Yeah, why search for them?
  Professor A: Yeah!
  Professor D: They're {disfmarker} we know where they are.
  Grad G: True.
  Professor D: Yeah, that's true.
  Grad G: Absolutely.
  Professor A: Oh, forget this!
  PhD E: Sure.
  Grad G: Well, but that's not very much.
  Professor A: I {disfmarker} One less action item. I can use what web pages there are out there on meeting recorders.
  Grad G: Yep.
  PhD E: Right.
  Grad G: I mean, that {disfmarker} that's {disfmarker} Yeah. Basically what his software does is h it picks out keywords and does a Google - like search.
  Professor A: Yeah.
  PhD E: Yeah. Yeah.
  Professor D: Yeah. So we can {disfmarker} we can {disfmarker} we can do better than that.
  PhD E: We can do that. Yeah.
  Grad G: So you could {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  Professor C: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: There's {disfmarker} there's some, uh, Carnegie Mellon stuff, right? On {disfmarker} on meeting recording,
  Grad G: Yep.
  PhD B: And Xerox.
  Professor A: So, there's {disfmarker} there's ICSI, Xerox,
  Professor D: and {disfmarker}
  PhD B: And there's {disfmarker} You should l look under, like, intelligent environments,
  Professor D: And Xerox. Yeah.
  PhD B: smart rooms,
  Grad G: Um, the" Georgia Tech Classroom Two Thousand" is a good one.
  PhD B: um {disfmarker}
  Professor A: CMU,
  PhD B: Right. And then {disfmarker} Right. J There's {disfmarker} th That's where I thought you would want to eventually be able to have a board or a camera,
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: because of all these classroom {disfmarker}
  Grad G: Well, Georgia Tech did a very elaborate instrumented room.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: Yeah.
  Grad G: And I want to try to stay away from that. So {disfmarker}
  Professor A: OK. Great. That solves that problem. One less action item. Um {disfmarker} OK. I think that's good enou that's {disfmarker} that's pretty much all I can think of.
  Postdoc H: Can I ask, uh, one thing? It relates to data {disfmarker} data collection and I {disfmarker} and I'd {disfmarker} and we mentioned earlier today, this question of {disfmarker} um, so, um, I s I know that from {disfmarker} with the near - field mikes some of the problems that come with overlapping speech, uh, are lessened. But I wonder if {disfmarker} Uh, is that sufficient or should we consider maybe getting some data gathered in such a way that, um, u w we would c uh, p have a meeting with less overlap than would otherwise be the case? So either by rules of participation, or whatever.
  Professor A: Oh, yeah.
  Postdoc H: Now, I mean, you know, it's true, I mean, we were discussing this earlier, that depending on the task {disfmarker} so if you've got someone giving a report you're not gonna have as much overlap.
  PhD F: Adam!
  Postdoc H: But, um, i i uh, so we're gonna have s you know, non - overlapping samples anyway. But, um, in a meeting which would otherwise be highly overlapping, is the near - field mike enough or should we have some rules of participation for some of our samples to lessen the overlap?
  Professor D: Hmm.
  PhD E: turn off
  Professor A: I don't think we should have rules of participation, but I think we should try to {pause} get a variety of meetings. That's something that if we get the {disfmarker} the meeting stuff going at UW, that I probably can do more than you guys,
  Postdoc H: OK.
  Professor A: cuz you guys are probably mostly going to get ICSI people here. But we can get anybody in EE, uh, over {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: and {disfmarker} and possibly also some CS people, uh, over at UW. So, I think that {disfmarker} that there's a good chance we could get more variety.
  Postdoc H: OK. Just want to be sure there's enough data to {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Um,
  PhD B: They're still gonna overlap,
  Postdoc H: OK, good.
  PhD B: but {disfmarker} Mark and others have said that there's quite a lot of found data {comment} from the discourse community that has this characteristic and also the political {disfmarker} Y you know, anything that was televised for a third party has the characteristic of not very much overlap.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: Wasn - but w I think we were saying before also that the natural language group here had less overlap.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: So.
  Professor D: So it also depends on the style of the group of people.
  Professor A: Right.
  PhD B: Like the, um, dominance relations of the people in the meeting.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm. On the task, and the task.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  Postdoc H: It's just {disfmarker} I just wanted to {disfmarker} uh,
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: because you know, it is true people can modify the amount of overlap that they do if {disfmarker} if they're asked to.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: Not {disfmarker} not entirely modify it, but lessen it if {disfmarker} if it's desired. But if {disfmarker} if that's sufficient data {disfmarker} I just wanted to be sure that we will not be having a lot of data which can't be processed.
  Professor A: OK. So I'm just writing here, we're not gonna try to specify rules of interaction but we're gonna try to get more variety by i using different {pause} groups of people
  Postdoc H: Time.
  Professor A: and different sizes.
  Postdoc H: Fine. And I {disfmarker} you know, I {disfmarker} I know that the near f near - field mikes will take care of also the problems to s to a certain degree.
  Professor A: e e Yeah. And then the other thing might be, um, uh, technical versus administrative.
  Postdoc H: I just wanted to be sure.
  Professor A: Cuz if I recorded some administrative meetings then that may have less overlap, because you might have more overlap when you're doing something technical and disagreeing or whatever.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm. Mm - hmm. Well, I {disfmarker} just as {disfmarker} as {disfmarker} as a contributary {disfmarker} eh, so I {disfmarker} I know that in l in legal depositions people are pr are prevented from overlapping. They'll just say, you know {disfmarker} you know," wait till each person is finished before you say something" . So it is possible to lessen if we wanted to. But {disfmarker} but these other factors are fine. I just wanted to raise the issue.
  Professor A: Well, the reason why I didn't want to is be why I personally didn't want to {comment} is because I wanted it to be {pause} as, uh, unintrusive as possi
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm. Mm - hmm.
  Professor A: as you could be with these things hanging on you.
  Postdoc H: Oh, yeah. Yeah, I think that's always desired. I just want to be sure we don't {disfmarker} that we're able to process, i u uh, you know, as much data as we can. Yeah.
  Professor D: Yeah. Did they discuss any of that in the {disfmarker} the meeting they had with L Liberman?
  PhD B: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: What {disfmarker}
  PhD B: And there was a big division,
  Professor D: What {disfmarker} what do they {disfmarker}
  PhD B: so Liberman and others {pause} were interested in a lot of found data.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: So there's lots of recordings that {disfmarker} They're not close - talk mike,
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD B: but {disfmarker} And {disfmarker} and there's lots of television, you know, stuff on, um, political debates and things like that, congre congressional hearings. Boring stuff like that. Um, and then the CMU folks and I were sort of on the other side in {disfmarker} cuz they had collected a lot of meetings that were sort of like this and said that those are nothing like these meetings. Um, so there're really two different kinds of data. And, I guess we just left it as {disfmarker} @ @ {comment} that {pause} if there's found data that can be transformed for use in speech recognition easily, then of course we would do it,
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: but newly collected data would {disfmarker} would be natural meetings. So.
  Professor D: Actually, th @ @ {comment} the CMU folk have collected a lot of data. Is that {disfmarker} is that going to be publicly available,
  PhD B: As far as I know, they h have not.
  Professor D: or {disfmarker}?
  PhD B: Um, but e
  Professor D: OK.
  Grad G: It's also {disfmarker} it's not {disfmarker} it's not near - far, right?
  PhD B: I'm not sure. Um, if people were interested they could talk to them, but I {disfmarker} I got the feeling there was some politics involved.
  Grad G: I think @ @ gonna add that to one of my action items.
  PhD B: No.
  Professor D: Just to check.
  PhD B: I {disfmarker} I don't know.
  Professor D: Yeah. W we should know what's out there certainly.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  PhD B: I mean, the {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: Cuz I had thought they'd only done far - field,
  PhD B: I think you need to talk to Waibel and {disfmarker}
  Grad G: intelligent - room sorts of things.
  PhD E: Oh, really? It's those guys.
  Grad G: I hadn't known that then {disfmarker} they'd done any more than that.
  Professor D: Oh, they only did the far - field? I see.
  Grad G: Yeah.
  PhD B: But they had multiple mikes and they did do recognition, and they did do real conversations. But as far as I know they didn't offer that data to the community at this meeting.
  Grad G: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: But that could change cuz Mark {disfmarker} you know, Mark's really into this. We should keep in touch with him.
  Professor D: Yeah. Well, once we send out {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Yeah, I think {disfmarker}
  Professor D: I mean, we still haven't sent out the first note saying" hey, this list exists" . But {disfmarker} but, uh, once we do that {disfmarker}
  Professor A: Is that an action item?
  Professor D: Yeah. It's on {disfmarker} I already added that one on my board to do that. So, uh {disfmarker} uh, hopefully everybody here is on that list. We should at least check that everybody here {disfmarker}?
  Grad G: I think everyone here is on the list.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD F: I'm not.
  Postdoc H: u e e
  Grad G: I think you are.
  Professor D: We haven't sent anything to the list yet.
  PhD F: Oh! OK.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Professor D: We're just compiling the list.
  PhD F: I see.
  Grad G: I {disfmarker} I added a few people who didn't {disfmarker} who I knew had to be on it even though they didn't tell me.
  Professor D: Mm - hmm.
  PhD E: Who specifically ask not to be.
  Grad G: Like Jane, for example.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: You are on it, aren't you?
  Postdoc H: Yeah, I am.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Postdoc H: So, I w uh, just {disfmarker} just for clarification. So" found data" , they mean like established corpora of linguistics and {disfmarker} and other fields, right?
  PhD B: What they mean is stuff they don't have to fund to collect,
  Postdoc H: It sounds like such a t
  PhD B: and especially good {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Yeah, OK.
  PhD B: Well, I mean," found" has, uh, also the meaning that's it very natural. It's things occur without any {disfmarker} You know, the pe these people weren't wearing close - talking mikes, but they were recorded anyway, like the congressional hearings and, you know, for legal purposes or whatever.
  Postdoc H: OK. But it includes like standard corpora that have been used for years in linguistics and {pause} other fields.
  PhD B: Mark's aware of those, too.
  PhD E:" Hey, look what we found!" Postdoc H: OK.
  PhD B: That would be found data because they found it {vocalsound} and it exists.
  Grad G: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: Exactly.
  PhD E:" I found this great corpora." Yeah.
  PhD B: They didn't have to collect it. Of course it's not" found" in the sense that at the time it was collected for the purpose.
  Grad G:" Psst. {comment} Want to buy a corpora?" Postdoc H: Yeah. OK, OK.
  PhD B: But what he means is that {disfmarker} You know, Mark was really a fan of getting as much data as possible from {disfmarker} you know, reams and reams of stuff, of broadcast stuff,
  Postdoc H: That's interesting.
  PhD B: web stuff,
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  PhD B: TV stuff, radio stuff. But he well understands that that's very different than these {disfmarker} this type of meeting.
  Grad G: It's not the same.
  PhD B: But, so what? It's still {disfmarker} it's interesting for other reasons.
  Postdoc H: OK. Yeah. Just wanted to know.
  Professor D: So, seems like we're winding down.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  Professor D: Right? Many {pause} ways.
  PhD B: You can {pause} tell {pause} by the {pause} prosody.
  PhD E: So we should go {disfmarker} go around and s
  Professor A: Yeah.
  PhD E: We should go around and say something interesting that happened at the meeting?
  Professor A: Oh. Yes, we should do that.
  PhD B: Rrrh!
  Grad G: Now, I was already thinking about it, so {disfmarker}
  Professor D: Oh! Good man.
  PhD B: This is painful task.
  Professor C: Hmm.
  PhD B: I {disfmarker}
  Grad G: So, um, I really liked the idea of {disfmarker} what I thought was interesting was the combination of the CrossPad and the speech. Especially, um, the interaction of them rather than just note - taking. So, can you {pause} determine the interesting points by who's writing? Can you do special gestures and so on that {disfmarker} that have, uh, special meaning to the corpora? I really liked that.
  Postdoc H: Well, I {disfmarker} I just realized there's another category of interesting things which is that, um, I {disfmarker} I found this discussion very, uh, i this {disfmarker} this question of how you get at queries really interesting. And {disfmarker} and the {disfmarker} and I {disfmarker} and the fact that it's sort of, uh, nebulous, what {disfmarker} what that {disfmarker} what kind of query it would be because it depends on what your purpose is. So I actually found that whole process of {disfmarker} of trying to think of what that would involve to be interesting. But that's not really a specific fact. I just sort of thought we {disfmarker} we went around a nice discussion of the factors involved there, which I thought was worthwhile.
  PhD E: I had a real revelation about taking pictures. I don't know why I didn't do this before and I regret it. So that was very interesting for me.
  Postdoc H: Mm - hmm.
  Grad G: Did you take pictures of the boards?
  PhD E: Not that I {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  PhD E: The boards aren't really related to this meeting. I mean, I will take pictures of them, but {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: That's a good point.
  Professor A: They're related to this morning's meeting.
  PhD E: But {disfmarker}
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Grad G: To the pre previous meeting. That's right.
  PhD E: OK. Well, that's why I'll take pictures of them, then.
  PhD F: I'm gonna pass because I can't {disfmarker} I mean, of the {disfmarker} Jane took my answer.
  Grad G: Ah!
  PhD F: So.
  Postdoc H: Oh.
  PhD F: Um, so I'm gonna pass for the moment but y come {disfmarker} come back to me.
  PhD E: For the moment.
  PhD B: Pass.
  Professor A: I think {disfmarker} I think" pass" is socially acceptable. But I will say {disfmarker} uh, I will actually {disfmarker} uh, a spin on different {disfmarker} slightly different spin on what you said, this issue of, uh, realizing that we could take minutes, and that actually may be a goal. So that {disfmarker} that may be kind of the test {disfmarker} in a sense, test data, uh, the {disfmarker} the template of what we want to test against, generating a summary. So that's an interesting new twist on what we can do with this data.
  Professor C: I agree with Jane and Eric. I think the question of how to generate queries automatically was the most interesting question that came up, and it's something that, as you said, is a whole research topic in itself, so I don't think we'll be able to do anything on it because we don't have funding on it, uh, in this project. But, um, {vocalsound} it's definitely something I would {pause} want to do something on.
  Grad G: I wonder if work's already been done on it.
  Postdoc H: Like e expert systems and stuff,
  Professor D: Hmm.
  Postdoc H: or {disfmarker}? Uh - huh.
  Professor D: Well, being more management lately than {disfmarker} {vocalsound} than research, I think the thing that impressed me most was the people dynamics and not any of the facts. That is, I {disfmarker} I really enjoyed hanging out with this group of people today. So that's what really impressed me.
  PhD E: How are we gonna find that in the data?
  Grad G: Well, if we had people wearing the wireless mikes all the time {disfmarker}
  PhD E: Oh, yeah.
  Grad G: Yeah, I think {disfmarker}
  PhD F: Well, I mean, one thing you could search for is were people laughing a lot.
  PhD E: Right.
  PhD F: Right? So.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  PhD E: How happy were they?
  Professor D: I'd probably search for something like that.
  Grad G: That actually has come up a couple times in queries. I was talking to Landay
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: and that was one of his examples.
  Professor D: Yeah.
  Grad G: When {disfmarker} when did people laugh?
  PhD E: That's great.
  Professor D: Find me a funny thing that Jeff said. Yeah.
  Grad G: So we need a laugh detector.
  PhD E: Yeah.
  Professor A: Mm - hmm.
  PhD E: Perfect.
  Postdoc H: Yeah.
  Grad G: Cuz that seems to be pretty common. Not in the congressional hearings.
  PhD F: No.
  Grad G: Quiet sobbing.
  Professor D: So I think we're done.
  Professor A: OK.
  PhD E: OK.
  Professor A: Great.
  PhD E: Great.
  PhD F: OK.
  Grad G: I think we're done.
  Professor D: Great.
  Postdoc H: h Do we need {disfmarker} do I need to turn something off here, or I do unplug this, or {disfmarker}?
  Professor D: Now these we turn off. Right?
output: The team thought it would be worthwhile to get different sorts of meeting data. Meetings will vary in mic placement, speaker sound overlap, and style. Even the dominance relationships in the meetings would cause variance in the data. Some members also wanted to gather TV and radio data.