texts:
<mask><mask> (born 1951) is an American engineer and academic widely known for inventing the entomopter, a biologically inspired flapping-winged aerial robot, and for having established the International Aerial Robotics Competition. He has received degrees in electrical engineering from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and the Georgia Institute of Technology. <mask>'s professional career began at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory where he worked on radar-based ocean surveillance systems. He later became a member of the research faculty at the Georgia Institute of Technology. At the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) he was involved in full-time research, directing over 30 major research programs. He is the author of three U.S. patents and over 100 journal papers, book chapters and reports.<mask> also developed classes in avionics and taught in the School of Aerospace Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology until his retirement from the University System of Georgia in 2004. <mask> is the recipient of the 1998 AUVSI Pioneer Award and the 2001 Pirelli Award for the diffusion of scientific culture as well as the first Top Pirelli Prize. During the 1990s, he created a tax-exempt corporation to apply high tech solutions to modern archeology and has organized a number of archeological expeditions into eastern Anatolia. He now heads the engineering consulting company, Millennial Vision, LLC. Since the mid-1990s, <mask>'s work has concentrated on biologically inspired micro air vehicle design. <mask> is certified in various fields including amateur radio, SCUBA diving, experimental aircraft design/mechanics, and general contracting for home building. Biography

Early life

<mask> was born in 1951 in Washington D.C., the only son of <mask> and <mask>, and is related to <mask>, the first Prime Minister of Norway.<mask> attended the Burgundy Farm Country Day School during the sixth through eighth grades where he developed an appreciation for botany and ornithology. While at Fort Hunt High School he was President of the Fort Hunt Amateur Rocket Club which built large (2m x 5 cm) instrumented solid fuel rockets that were launched at the Camp Pickett artillery range in Blackstone, Virginia. Education
<mask> spent sixth through eighth grade at the Burgundy Farm Country Day School and later graduated from Fort Hunt High School in 1969. He graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1973 and the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1974 with degrees in Electrical Engineering. Career
From 1971 to 1973, <mask> was a research engineer working on aerospace radar systems at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington D.C. He spent the next 30 years in various engineering and management capacities within the Georgia Tech Research Institute in Atlanta, Georgia.During the 1970s and 1980s <mask> primarily developed radar signal processing and control hardware, but was also interested in the automation of remote sensing systems ranging from the tracking of endangered species to the creation of realistic soldier training scenarios and simulation and testing of foreign military radar assets. In the late 1980s he became Head of the Georgia Tech Research Institute's Technology Development Division and his interests turned to unmanned aerial vehicle systems as a fusion of autonomy, information technology, and aeronautics. In particular, "aerial robotics" (a term he coined in 1990 to represent the infusion of cognition into unmanned aerial vehicles)  dominated his research for the next two decades. Since the mid-1990s, <mask>'s work has concentrated on biologically inspired micro air vehicle design. From 1997 through 2004 <mask> was adjunct associate professor to the School of Aerospace Engineering, teaching classes in avionics for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and Micro/Mini Air Vehicle (MAV) design. <mask> retired from the Georgia Tech Research Institute in September 2004 and currently holds the title of Principal Research Engineer Emeritus with the Institute. In 2004 he created Millennial Vision, LLC to continue research into biologically inspired aerial robots and remote sensing.He is the President of SEPDAC (Scientific Enterprise in Pursuit and Discovery of Ancient Cultures), a nonprofit educational and scientific organization. He was a member of the board of directors for The Sharp Mountain Preserve for a period of five years (2008-2012). Professional activities
<mask> has been the U.S. representative and deputy chief referee to the Aviation Industry Corporation of China's UAV Grand Prix during its inaugural year (2011), and again in 2013 and 2015. He was the section editor for "MAVs and Bio-Inspired UAVs" in Springer's Handbook of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (released in 2014). <mask> was chosen by the Office of the U.S. Assistant Secretary for the Air Force to represent the United States on the NATO Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD) to predict future (2020 timeframe) sensor technologies for unmanned aerial systems (UAS) . <mask> was the NATO/RTA (Research and Technology Agency) lecturer at the Turkish Air Force Academy (Hava Harp Okulu) in Istanbul in 2006, and invited lecturer on Micro Air Vehicle technology at both the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (1999 & 2003) and the Royal Military Academy (2001) in Brussels. He was the first "MITRE Technology Speaker"(1998) and has been a visiting technology professor in six nations: Australia (2002), Belgium (1999, 2003), Norway (2001), Sweden (2001), Turkey (2001, 2006), and Mexico (2010).<mask> was a consultant to the U.S. Army and the Indian Ministry of Defence in 2008, responsible for defining and organizing the 1st U.S.-Asian Micro Air Vehicle Demonstration in Agra India. He performed similar duties for the U.S. Army in defining the 1st US-European Micro Air Vehicle Competition/Demonstration in Garmisch Germany in 2005. He created the short course, 21st Century Aerial Robotics, and the digital signal processing lecture/demonstrations in “Principals of Modern Radar” at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is also creator and organizer of the annual International Aerial Robotics Competition. Before joining the staff of the Georgia Tech Research Institute he participated in design and endo-atmospheric flight testing of computer-controlled space-based radar ocean surveillance systems while employed by the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C.

<mask> is listed in various editions of Who’s Who in Engineering, Who’s Who in America, and the 23rd edition of Who’s Who in the World. He is the author of over 100 reports, journal papers, and book chapters. Project director
While at the U.S.Naval Research Laboratory, <mask> worked on radar-based ocean surveillance systems and flew hardware test missions on a Lockheed Warning Star PO-1W Super Constellation. In 1974 <mask> began work at the Georgia Tech Research Institute, where he got his first contract when an entry-level engineer (Research Engineer I). This first project involved methods to electronically track the endangered species Trichechus manatus (West Indian manatee) in the waters around the Kennedy Space Center. <mask> directed over 30 major research projects during his career at the Institute. In 1979 <mask> directed the Army's Indirect Fire Simulation effort conducted for Combat Development and Experimentation Command (CDEC). <mask> directed a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) program to show feasibility of a non-line-of-sight radio-acoustic sensor for bending radar signals using the Bragg principle to detect obstacle-masked targets (essentially making radars look around corners). He also directed a program to evaluate ground penetration radar for detection of buried natural gas leaks in urban utility systems.During 1981, <mask> directed a program for the automated noninvasive testing of captured foreign threat assets. This system developed by <mask>'s design team remained in use by a foreign power for nearly a decade. Other radar test devices were also developed by <mask> for U.S. military test and evaluation purposes within the United States, including a program to develop a Ka-band Linear Electronics Countermeasure Source (KABLES) for use in testing U.S. Army millimeter wave assets. <mask> directed various efforts pertaining to future transportation. His team invented battery-state-of-charge estimation techniques, developed electric vehicle systems simulation tools, and experimented with actively blown surfaces on passenger vehicles. During the mid-1990s, <mask>'s research began to focus almost entirely on unmanned vehicle systems, especially those with the power of flight. He directed efforts with both U.S. Government agencies and private industry pertaining to unmanned aerial vehicles systems (UAS).One of his first UAS development programs was for a traffic surveillance drone using a compound ducted fan design, made to fly over Atlanta's highways in order to fill surveillance gaps in the State's tower-mounted traffic camera system. It also could be sent to traffic accident locations to gather and relay vital information in advance of first-responder arrival. Funding shortfalls resulted in the cancellation of the project before its maiden flight, but the design was later marketed for military use. <mask>'s focus turned to smaller vehicle systems that could fly indoors autonomously without the aid of global positioning system (GPS) reference signals. Under various contracts to DARPA and the Air Force, and using internal research and development funds from the Georgia Tech Research Institute, his design team designed a micro air vehicle (MAV) known as the entomopter. The NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts recognized the unique flight qualities of the entomopter and awarded <mask> two contracts to explore the feasibility of the entomopter for slow flight in Mars' lower atmosphere. In 2004 <mask> retired from the Georgia Tech Research Institute and started Millennial Vision, LLC which continued to pursue UAS and MAV research.Soon after establishing Millennial Vision, LLC, <mask> became engaged in a program to develop an unmanned stratospheric airship for persistent reconnaissance. He maintained interest in MAVs and competitions by helping to define and organize various international events such as the 1st US-European MAV event in Garmisch Germany (MAV-05) and the subsequent 1st US-Asian Demonstration and Assessment of Micro Aerial Vehicle and Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology (MAV-08) held in Agra India, as adjunct to the U.S. Army RDECOM-Pacific and Indian Ministry of Defence. Associate professor of Aerospace Engineering
During the 1990s, <mask> became an adjunct associate professor in the Georgia Tech School of Aerospace Engineering, where he taught graduate classes in avionics, with emphasis on unmanned aerial vehicles and micro air vehicles. In parallel with his teaching duties in the Georgia Tech School of Aerospace Engineering, <mask> created a team-taught short course through the Georgia Tech Department of Continuing Education entitled, "21st Century Aerial Robotics". Laurence "Nuke" Newcome and <mask> taught this course on the campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology for several years before engaging in single offerings around the United States as well as Sweden, Norway, and Turkey under NATO grants. Honors and awards
<mask> is an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and a Full Member of the Scientific Research Society of North America, Sigma Xi. During the 1990s he served as President and member of the Board of Directors of the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems (AUVSI) International organization.In 1998 <mask> received the AUVSI Pioneer Award  which is the highest level of recognition within the unmanned systems industry for technical contributions. <mask> is the recipient of the 2001 Pirelli Award for the diffusion of scientific culture,  given by an international jury for the "best multimedia project coming from any educational institution in the world". For endeavors related to the entomopter, he was also awarded the first €25,000 Top Pirelli Prize. In 2016, the International Aerial Robotics Competition and its creator, <mask>, were officially recognized during the Georgia legislative session in the form of "Senate Resolution 1255” which recognized his effort in the development of the longest running aerial robotics competition in the world and for having been responsible for moving forward the state of the art in aerial robotics on several occasions during the past quarter century. Avocations
<mask> has engaged in marine aquarium design and coral propagation since 1997 when he designed and built a fully automated marine reef biome, in which he propagated various coral species that he collected himself. He has been a NAUI certified SCUBA diver since 1969, and has been a recreational diver in the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean, where he dived on various wrecks and developed methods of collecting and successfully transporting marine invertebrates for propagation. <mask> has also built and flown his own man-rated experimental rotorcraft,  single seat gyrocopter for which <mask> is the FAA certified mechanic and pilot.While working with ground penetrating radar for detection of urban gas leaks, road voids, and buried land mines at the Georgia Tech Research Institute, <mask> became interested in the use of high technology applications to archeology. Since 1995 he has organized half a dozen excursions into the military zone along the Turkish-Iranian border, often with Turkish military escort, to research ancient ekistical artifacts of the eastern Anatolia region and has created a 501 (c3) non-profit corporation to apply various non-traditional technologies to the field of archeology. <mask> completed training in general contracting/home building in 1986 and built his own home. Later he was overseer for the construction of a Woodstock Georgia church building while continuing his career at the Georgia Tech Research Institute. In 2013 he completed a home of his own design in the mountains of North Georgia that was lumber-free, consisting entirely of steel structural members with concrete foundation and concrete exterior. <mask> was a Boy Scout and has maintained interest in scouting principles over the years. As a youth he attained Star rank in Troop 981 located in Alexandria Virginia, and was inducted into the Order of the Arrow.He became a Brotherhood member of Amangamek Wipit Lodge 470, one of the largest lodges in the nation, and participated in activities such as the Philmont Scout Reservation (1967). Influenced by their father, both of <mask>'s sons are Eagle Scouts with gold and silver palm awards. Michelson was adult advisor to Boy Scouts of America (BSA) Troop/Crew 8880 until its transition away from the BSA to becoming a Trail Life USA unit where Michelson remains in an advisory capacity. <mask> has had interest in languages and syntax both for computers and spoken communication. He was formally taught Fortran in undergraduate school and learned BASIC, Forth, and various assembly languages on his own in support of his computer-based projects. He designed the target processing unit for the Army's Environment and Radar Operation Simulator (EROS) where it was necessary to design the hardware and coding language for a 10 MHz (100 ns cycle time) processor before such things were available in microprocessor form. As to spoken languages, he is fluent in English, and is proficient in both Spanish and Turkish.Presence in popular media and literature

<mask> has been widely interviewed and quoted in print (e.g., Business Week, Popular Mechanics, Scientific American, Chronicle of Higher Education), radio (e.g., National Public Radio, Armed Forces Radio, American Association for the Advancement of Science radio syndicate), and on television (e.g., Scientific American Frontiers, Discovery Channel, CNN, BBC, and various ABC/CBS/NBC/Fox affiliates). Worldwide interest in robotics, and especially the robots of war, spawned a series of televised robotics programming about <mask>'s work. A technical biography of <mask> is the subject of episode 1008 of the television program Beyond Invention, which chronicles a number of his research projects including UAV research, the International Aerial Robotics Competition, the entomopter-based Mars surveyor, and his work with automated coral propagation. <mask> is featured in various television programs focused specifically on the International Aerial Robotics Competition, including an hour-long Discovery Science Channel program entitled Airbots. <mask> has been often quoted in news programming with regard to the International Aerial Robotics Competition and the applications of the underlying technology to military and civilian spheres. As the use of robotic drone aircraft increased during the Gulf Wars, public interest in the subject was peaked and <mask> began to be featured in series and specials such as the NOVA episode "Spies that Fly" and the BBC special Seven Ways to Topple Saddam. Because of the notoriety of his aerial robotic research, <mask> even became the basis for the fictional character Michael C<mask> in the novel Drone Games (2014) by Joel Narlock.In this work, Michael C<mask> is the creator of the entomopter at the Georgia Technology Research Institute. This fictitious character's name is an anagram of <mask><mask>, the actual inventor of the entomopter at the Georgia Tech Research Institute. <mask>'s entomopter is also featured in another of Joel Narlock's novels, Target Acquired (2003). Patents
“US patent 6,082,671”, <mask><mask>, "Entomopter and Method for Using Same", issued 2000-07-04
“US patent 6,094,033”, <mask><mask>, "Battery State of Charge Detector with Rapid Charging Capability and Method", issued 2000-07-25
“US patent 6,446,909”, <mask><mask>, "Reciprocating Chemical Muscle (RCM) and Method for Using Same", issued 2002-09-10

Representative publications
“Test and Evaluation for Fully Autonomous Micro Air Vehicles,” The ITEA Journal, December 2008, Volume 29, Number 4, ISSN 1054-0229 International Test and Evaluation Association, pp. 367–374 (winner of the 2009 International Test and Evaluation Association Publication Award)
“Very small flying machines,” 2006 Yearbook of Science & Technology, McGraw-Hill, New York, , 2006, pp. 341–344
“Novel Approaches to Miniature Flight Platforms,” Proceedings of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 218 Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, Special Issue Paper 2004, pp.363–373
“Beyond Biologically Inspired Insect Flight,” von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics RTO/AVT Lecture Series on Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics on Aircraft Including Applications in Emerging UAV Technology, Brussels Belgium, 24–28 November 2003
“The Entomopter,” Neurotechnology for Biomimetic Robots, , The MIT Press, September 2002, pp. 481–509
“Autonomous Vehicles,” Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 84, No. 8, August 1996, pp. 1147–1164
“Feasibility of Applying Radio-Acoustic Techniques to Non Line-of-Sight Sensing,” AIAA Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 33, No. 2, March – April 1996, pp.260–267
“Tracking of the Florida Manatee,” ISA Transactions, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1982, pp. 79–85

See also
Entomopter
International Aerial Robotics Competition
Micro air vehicle

References

External links
Curriculum Vitae of <mask> C. <mask>

1951 births
Living people
20th-century American inventors
21st-century American inventors
21st-century American engineers
American patent holders
American people of Norwegian descent
American roboticists
Engineering educators
Georgia Tech faculty
Georgia Tech alumni
Georgia Tech Research Institute people
Virginia Tech alumni
People associated with radar
Senior Members of the IEEE
Amateur radio people
People from Atlanta

masks:
Robert C
. Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Carroll
Evelyn Michelson
Christian Michelsen
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Robert Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
Michelson
. Robertson
. Robertson
Robert C
. Michelson
Michelson
Robert C
. Michelson
Robert C
. Michelson
Robert C
. Michelson
Robert
Michelson


type: original

texts:
<mask>  (born 7 February 1997) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serie A club Inter Milan and the Italy national team. Club career

Cagliari
Born in Cagliari, <mask> is a youth exponent from Cagliari Calcio. He made his Serie A debut on 4 May 2015 against Parma, replacing Diego Farias after 68 minutes in a 4–0 home win. In January 2016, he was sent on loan to Como in Serie B, where he played as a first choice for the second part of the season. On 17 September 2017, he scored his first professional and Serie A goal against SPAL in a 2–0 home win. Inter Milan
On 12 July 2019, <mask> joined Inter Milan on a year-long loan deal with an obligation to buy with four-year contract to take effect after the loan period. He made his club debut on 26 August against Lecce; he came off the bench in the second half for Matías Vecino, and later helped set-up Antonio Candreva's goal in an eventual 4–0 home win in Inter's opening match of the 2019–20 Serie A season.He made his Champions League debut on 17 September against Slavia Prague; after coming off the bench for Marcelo Brozović in the second half, he scored an injury-time equalising goal to help Inter to a 1–1 home draw, which was his first goal both in the competition and for Inter. On 9 November, he scored his first league goal for the club as Inter came from behind to achieve a 2–1 home win over Verona. He scored his first goal in the Coppa Italia on 29 January 2020, in 2–1 home win over Fiorentina, in the quarter-finals of the tournament. On 17 January <mask> assisted for the first goal for Arturo Vidal and scored a vital second in a 2–0 home win against rivals and defending champions Juventus in Serie A. On 5 November 2021, <mask> signed a contract extension with Inter, keeping him at the club until 2026.

International career
With the Italy U19 team, <mask> took part at the 2016 UEFA European Under-19 Championship, finishing in second place. With the Italy U20 he took part at the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup, finishing in third place. <mask> made his debut with the Italy U21 team on 1 September 2017, in a 3–0 friendly defeat against Spain.<mask> was called up to the senior Italy squad by manager Gian Piero Ventura for the team's 2018 World Cup qualifiers against Macedonia and Albania in October 2017. <mask> made his debut for the Italy senior side on 10 October 2018, under manager Roberto Mancini, in a 1–1 friendly draw against Ukraine in Genoa. On 23 March 2019, <mask> scored his first goal for Italy in a 2–0 home win over Finland in a UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying match. He took part with the U21 side in the 2019 UEFA European Under-21 Championship. In June 2021, he was included in Italy's squad for UEFA Euro 2020. In Italy's second group match on 16 June, he set up Manuel Locatelli second goal in an eventual 3–0 win over Switzerland, which allowed Italy to advance to the round of 16. On 2 July, he scored Italy's opening goal of the match, and later assisted Lorenzo Insigne's goal, in a 2–1 win over Belgium in the quarter-finals of the competition.On 11 July, <mask> won the European Championship with Italy following a 3–2 penalty shoot-out victory over England at Wembley Stadium in the final, after a 1–1 draw in extra-time; <mask> started the match, but was substituted by Bryan Cristante in the second half of regulation time. On 10 October, <mask> scored the opening goal in a 2–1 home win over Belgium in the bronze medal match of the 2020–21 UEFA Nations League. Style of play
<mask> is considered a promising and highly talented young midfielder in the European sports media. He was named the best young Italian player born in 1997 for two consecutive years between 2012 and 2013. Italian football journalist Mina Rzouki described him as an intelligent, promising, and composed midfielder, despite his young age, with a wide range of skills. She also commented that <mask> "...can dribble through a defence, score volleys and start counter-attacks. He knows how to find the right passes and is box-to-box.Most importantly he can win back possession quickly and recover the ball." <mask>'s performances have also been praised by Italian former footballers Andrea Pirlo and Alessandro Del Piero. The Italian sports newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport has compared him to Steven Gerrard, describing him as a dynamic player with good technique, vision, stamina, and physical strength, despite his relatively short stature, as well as an ability to win balls, which enables him to break down possession and subsequently start quick attacking plays. A versatile player, he is capable of playing anywhere in midfield, and has even been used as an attacking midfielder or as a defensive midfielder, but his favoured role is as a right-sided, offensive-minded central midfielder, known as a "mezzala" in Italy. Known for his eye for goal, he possesses a good shot from outside the area, and is known for his ability to make late attacking runs from behind into the penalty area. He is also an accurate set piece and penalty taker. He is known for his strong character, leadership qualities, competitive spirit, and winning mentality, but has also drawn criticism at times in the press for protesting or arguing excessively with officials during matches.His Italy teammate Jorginho has likened him to N'Golo Kanté. Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list Italy's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Barella goal. Honours
Inter Milan
Serie A: 2020–21
 Supercoppa Italiana: 2021
UEFA Europa League runner-up: 2019–20

Italy U19
UEFA European Under-19 Championship runner-up: 2016

Italy U20
FIFA U-20 World Cup third place: 2017

Italy
UEFA European Championship: 2020
UEFA Nations League third place: 2020–21

Individual
Premio Bulgarelli Number 8: 2019
Serie A Team of the Year: 2018–19, 2019–20
UEFA Europa League Squad of the Season: 2019–20
Serie A Best Midfielder: 2020–21
Gazzetta Sports Awards Exploit of  the Year: 2021

Orders
 5th Class / Knight: Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana: 2021

References

External links

 Profile at LegaSerieA
 Profile at FIGC

1997 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Cagliari
Footballers from Sardinia
Italian footballers
Italy youth international footballers
Italy under-21 international footballers
Italy international footballers
Association football midfielders
Cagliari Calcio players
Como 1907 players
Inter Milan players
Serie A players
Serie B players
UEFA Euro 2020 players
UEFA European Championship-winning players
Knights of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

masks:
Nicolò Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella
Barella


texts:
<mask> (born 1967), more commonly known as D<mask>, is an American composer, musician, songwriter, and multiple Grammy winning record producer. He came to prominence as the leader of 1990s noise rock band Barkmarket before turning mostly to production work, often with alternative rock, hard rock, electronic related genres, and then to scoring films. Biography
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, <mask> was active as a singer, songwriter and guitarist (most notably with his group Barkmarket), but since the mid-1990s, he has been more active as a producer, writer, composer and mixer. He has worked with an eclectic mix of rock, punk, alternative, electronic and industrial rock performers, and critics have called him a "Hardcore super-producer." In 2006, Sardy won six ARIA Awards for his work with Jet and again in 2008, three more ARIA awards for Wolfmother; he has also received three Grammy Awards (for OK Go, Wolfmother and Marilyn Manson) and multiple Brit Awards for Oasis, Marilyn Manson, Wolfmother and The Ting Tings. He was Grammy-nominated again in 2007 for LCD Soundsystem's Sound of Silver and in 2010 for the Band of Horses album Infinite Arms. <mask> has been involved with some of the most popular licensed music for film and advertising.Although never writing directly for commercials, he has produced music used in many campaigns, including 3 key iPod campaigns: Jet, Wolfmother, and The Ting Tings. He produced Oasis' seventh studio album, Dig Out Your Soul, in 2008. This was <mask>'s second time working with the band, having produced their 2005 album Don't Believe the Truth and he worked with Noel Gallagher again in 2011 with Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds. <mask> scored the Stage 6 Films logo for Sony Pictures Entertainment, as well as the films 21 and Zombieland, and the drama End of Watch, written and directed by David Ayer, all of which went to number one at the US box office. More recently, <mask> contributed work to The Green Hornet, Lawless, and Eat Pray Love and scored Premium Rush, Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance,  Sabotage, and Bright working once again with director David Ayer. In 2019, <mask> produced a new studio album by The Who. <mask>'s sister Marcia Schofield played keyboards for the British band The Fall.Video game soundtracks: Guitar Hero, Rock Band, Gran Turismo 4, Le Mans 24 Hours, MotorStorm, Pure, Saints Row 2, NHL 2004, Tony Hawk's Project 8, FlatOut 2, and Rugby 06''. References

External links

Oasis (band)
Record producers from New York (state)
American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
1967 births
Living people
Musicians from Brooklyn
Guitarists from New York (state)
20th-century American guitarists
Ignition Records artists
Rough Trade Records artists
Sony Classical Records artists
American film score composers
American male film score composers

masks:
David Stuart Sardy
. Sardy
Sardy
Sardy
Sardy
Sardy
Sardy
Sardy
Sardy


texts:
<mask> "White Tony" <mask> (22 July 1968 – 22 February 1991) was an English criminal, one-time member of the Cheetham Hill Gang in Manchester. He was gunned down in 1991 in the car park of the Penny Black pub, Cheetham Hill. Desmond Noonan was tried and acquitted of the murder. Early life
<mask> was brought up in a home mired in tragedy and family breakdown. His mother Susan was 15 when she gave birth to him. Neither she nor his biological father spent much time with him. Susan was the step-sister of Keith Bennett, one of the five known Moors Murders victims, who went missing in June 1964 at the age of 12 - Ian Brady and Myra Hindley admitted murdering him in 1986, but his body has never been found.Susan's father <mask> was the husband of Keith Bennett's mother Winnie, and had been treated as a suspect over his step-son's disappearance for several years after his disappearance, even though at the same time local police also suspected that he may have been murdered by Brady and Hindley. For most of <mask>'s childhood, he lived with his step-grandmother, Winnie <mask>, in her semi-detached house in Aston avenue Fallowfield, South Manchester. <mask> left school at the age of 16 in 1984. He began work as a window cleaner and glazier, but that did not last long. His mother stated, "I knew he was into something shady because you don't claim dole and drive around in a flash car". By 1990, <mask> was driving a Ford Sierra RS Cosworth, worth around £20,000. His grandmother knew <mask> was involved in illegal activities when her house was raided by police.<mask> refused to answer Winnie's questions about his criminal activities, telling her to "Mind your own bleeding business...". Winnie <mask> said he was obsessive over clothing, often watching her ironing his clothes. <mask> had a girlfriend by the time he was in his late teens, and they later had a daughter together. "He loved his little daughter. But I don't think his girlfriend's family wanted her to have anything to do with him," said a relative. He befriended Tony McKie, often called "Black Tony", as well as the Adetoro Brothers, who would later be famous for their shootout with police on the M6 in April 2000, leading to Olatunde Yakub Adertoro's eight back-to-back life sentences. All of them were members of the Cheetham Hill Gang.They gradually became full-time members of the Hillbillies. Gang involvement
The Cheetham Hillbillies operated in the Waterloo Estate in the 1980s and 1990s. The gang specialized in robberies, pushing drugs in clubs and violence. <mask> had been involved in the Cheetham Hill Gang for years prior to his death. <mask> began as a lowly member of the gang, often committing robberies and gang member killings. His nickname, "White Tony", was a reference to his race, while in a predominantly Black gang. He killed 26-year <mask> "Sketch" Gardner on Saturday, 9 January 1988.As Gardner drew up outside a shebeen on Saturday, January 9, 1988, <mask> stepped out of the shadows, pulled a sawed-off shotgun from under his coat, pressed it against Gardner’s chest and fired. It took Gardner about a minute to die. Police found more than £1,000-worth of abandoned heroin and cocaine. He became the driver and bodyguard for the then leader of The Cheetham Hill Hillbillies, ferrying him around in a Ford Sierra Cosworth. In February 1990, the Pepperhill Mob lost one and a half kilos of heroin from a contact the gang had in London. Two people carrying the heroin were arrested and the heroin was seized, which led to a drought of heroin in Manchester and left the Pepperhill Mob vulnerable. <mask> moved on this, which led to a Cheetham Hill-Moss Side gang war.<mask> and a few Cheetham Hill Gang members tipped Pepperhill Mob leader Delroy Brown's car over in front of hundreds of people at a festival in Moss Side, to prove their power and intent towards the rival gang. In 1990, <mask> was spotted by police in a Kevlar vest with semi-automatic firearms. This was a major discovery by the police, as they previously had little knowledge of the weapons and equipment used by gangs in Manchester. The police began multiple operations to seize guns and drugs from the Hillbillies, with little impact. <mask>, with other gang members, was at the West Indian Carnival in Chapeltown, Leeds, when a scuffle at the carnival led to a shootout. Multiple people were shot, many of whom were not gang members. This led to <mask>'s arrest.Two gang members accompanying <mask> were imprisoned, while <mask> was released. <mask> was involved in many other criminal activities, including a £362,000 security van robbery at Mumps Bridge, Oldham, in November 1990, which led to his feud with the Noonans. A month later, he robbed Bassett's sweet factory in Sheffield, with two other masked gunmen, netting around £78,000. Club-related violence
<mask> had a notorious reputation for getting into fights in The Haçienda. A regular doorman left and was replaced with a London security firm. The violence escalated. Two weeks after the replacement, <mask> threatened one of the doormen with a gun.Tony Wilson was so aggravated by gang attacks, mainly from <mask>, that he agreed to temporarily close The Haçienda. The Cheetham Hillbillies then resumed attacking club goers and staff. On one occasion, <mask> grabbed a microphone and stated that he was "Top Dog". <mask> threatened one of the doormen with a gun, leading Tony Wilson to again close The Haçienda. He made a spectacle to try to get the police to intervene so that he could re-open. Death
At a New Year party in 1991, a gun-toting 22-year-old <mask> threatened some of Damian Noonan's successors on the door at The Haçienda. <mask> was already in trouble with members of the Noonan family because of a dispute over the division of the spoils from a £362,000 security van robbery at Mumps Bridge, Oldham, in November 1990.<mask> was shot in the car park of the Penny Black pub, Winterford Road, Cheetham Hill, in February 1991. The pub, which was closed and torched shortly after the attack, was partly owned by Derek Noonan of the notorious Irish-Mancunian crime family. Desmond Noonan, brother of Domenyk, was tried and acquitted for the murder. The gun battle started when <mask> was ambushed in the car park of the Penny Black pub. <mask> was with "Black Tony" McKie, and was driving along in his white Ford Cosworth when they were flagged down by two men in a car in the pub car park. Their escape was blocked by a taxi with Paul Flannery inside. Flannery shot McKie then brothers Desmond, Derek and Damian Noonan, along with Michael Sharples, joined in the attack.<mask> was injured but began to run and tried to vault a wall, but was shot in the back. Someone then shouted "Finish Him Off" and two more shots were fired, killing <mask>. <mask>'s funeral was attended by over 200 people. A 30 car motorcade pulled up to the Southern Cemetery, Barlow Moor Road, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester. So many people attended the funeral that the service spilled from the chapel to the main graveyard. The Noonan gang were tried twice for <mask>'s murder. The first trial in 1992 collapsed, while the second in 1993 ended in acquittals.In 1999, Damian Noonan was shot while on the door at the Phoenix Club in the city. <mask> was survived by three children. References

1969 births
1991 deaths
English gangsters

masks:
Anthony James
Johnson
Johnson
Jimmy Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Anthony
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


texts:
Kamala Kumari (6 January 1945 – 26 July 2021), known by her mononymous stage name <mask>, was an Indian actress known for her work in Kannada cinema and Tamil cinema. She was noted for her contributions to different genres of films from the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s. She had appeared in over 500 films, including films in the Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Hindi and Marathi languages. She had received seven Karnataka State Film Awards, four times as Best Actress and twice as Best Supporting Actress, the President's Medal for Best Actress and two Filmfare Awards for Best Actress. She has been cited as Kannada cinema's "most bold and beautiful" actress by various media outlets, a title for which she has received substantial publicity. The Kannada film industry honored her with the title "Abhinaya Sharadhe", (Goddess Sharada in acting). Early life
<mask> was born in Bellary, in the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India on 6 January 1945.Her father Balasubramanyam worked as English professor at the St Joseph's College in Bangalore. Her mother was Santhanalakshmi. Jayanthi was the eldest of three siblings and had two younger brothers. Her parents separated when she was young and her mother took the children and moved to Madras. <mask>'s mother was keen on making her daughter a classical dancer and hence she joined a dance school. Her friend in dance school was the famous Tamil actress Manorama. Career

Initial struggle
As a child, Jayanthi went to the studios to see her idol N. T. Rama Rao.He called her and made her sit on his lap. Affectionately, he had asked her whether she would agree to become his heroine and the little girl had merely blushed. The pair would go on later in life to produce successful films such as Jagadeka Veeruni Katha, Kula Gowravam, Kondaveeti Simham and Justice Chowdhury. Jayanthi was ridiculed most of the time as she was plump and could never dance well. During her teens, she had the chance to act in a few Tamil and Telugu movies in bit parts. Jayanthi was shattered after the episode, but promised herself that one day she would prove her worth. <mask>'s life changed when noted film director Y. R. Swamy spotted her during one of her dance rehearsals and cast her in his film Jenu Goodu after persuading her unrelenting mother who gave in after the former's third visit to her house.He also gave her the stage name. Jayanthi enjoyed a good run in the Kannada Film industry. She has costarred in more than 40 movies with Rajkumar, the doyen of Kannada cinema . Rise to fame
Jenu Goodu, Jayanthi's first Kannada film was commercial success. Her next Kannada film as heroine was T. V. Singh Thakur's Chandavalliya Thota, the first film that paired her with Rajkumar. Based on T. R. Subba Rao's novel the film was a huge success and even won the President's Medal for Best Film in Kannada. The next major film that Jayanthi starred in was the 1965 Miss Leelavathi directed by M. R. Vittal in which she played the title role.Considered a film with a "bold theme" in what was seen as the conservative cinema at the time, the film dealt with the influence of parental differences and of a lead heroine who grows up to be a rebel and stands up against convention, refusing marriage, opting to be career-oriented women and with a carefree attitude towards premarital sex. <mask> was launched as the glamour-diva in the film, a first for a Kannada film, wearing skirts, T-shirts and nighties. The film was a huge success and catapulted Jayanthi to fame. She is credited with being the first Kannada actress to wear a swimsuit on screen, which the producers' first choice for the role had refused to do. The film won Jayanthi the President's award. Jayanthi recalled the occasion in one of her interviews when she received the award from Indira Gandhi (then the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting), who, after giving away the award called back <mask> and gave her a kiss and wished her good luck. She did Tamil films from 1962 to 1979 as leading lady, frequently paired opposite Gemini Ganesan and Nagesh in Tamil.In Tamil she acted with all major stars including M.G. Ramachandran, Gemini Ganesan, Muthuraman and Jaishankar. She acted with M. G. Ramachandran in Padagotti and Mugaraasi, with Gemini Ganesan in Kanna Nalama, Velli Vizha, Punnagai, Ganga Gowri and Iru Kodugal, with Jaishankar in Nil Gavani Kadhali and Kaadhal Paduthum Paadu and Ethir Neechal with Nagesh. She was director K. Balachander's regular actress and they went on to work in films such as Iru Kodugal, Bama Vijayam, Ethir Neechal, Punnagai, Velli Vizha and Kanna Nalama. She acted with Jayalalithaa and Manorama in the film Mugaraasi. The song Aadhi Naadan Ketkindraan picturised on her sung by TMS-Janaki was very popular. She was married to film director Peketi Sivaram for a few years and then the couple separated.During the late 1970s and the 1980s <mask> starred in many Kannada movies that required a slightly mature actress, often paired with Srinivasa Murthy and Prabhakar. On 27 March 2018, it was falsely reported by several media houses that actress <mask> had died. While her fans took to social media to offer their condolences, her family members refuted the rumors as false. The then 73 year old actress complained of breathing difficulties and was admitted to a private hospital in Bengaluru and was recuperating and responding well to the treatment. Other works
In 2009, she gave her voice to an HIV/AIDS education animated software tutorial created by the nonprofit organization TeachAids. Death
<mask> died on 26 July 2021 at the age of 76, due to age related ailments at her residence in Bengaluru. Oridathoru Phayalvaan (1981)

Telugu films
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

masks: Jayanthi Jayanthi Jayanthi Jayanthi Jayanthi Jayanthi Jayanthi Jayanthi Jayanthi


texts:
DeKaylin Zecharius "<mask>" <mask> (born December 14, 1997) is an American football wide receiver for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Ole Miss. He is the son of former NFL guard Terrence Metcalf. Metcalf was born and raised in Oxford, Mississippi, where he played football both at Oxford High School and at the University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss. He played at Ole Miss for three seasons before declaring for the 2019 NFL Draft, where he was selected by the Seahawks in the second round. Early years
Metcalf was born on December 14, 1997, in Oxford, Mississippi. He attended Oxford High School in Oxford, Mississippi.During his high school football career, he had 224 receptions for 3,302 yards and 49 touchdowns. Regarded as a four-star prospect, Metcalf was ranked the No. 14 wide receiver prospect by Rivals.com. He committed to play college football at the University of Mississippi. College career
As a freshman at Ole Miss in 2016, Metcalf appeared in the first two games of the season before suffering a foot injury which ended his season. He was granted a redshirt following his injury. He had two receptions for 14 yards with both of the receptions going for touchdowns.In 2017, he had 39 receptions for 646 yards and seven touchdowns. During the 2018 season, Metcalf had 26 receptions for 569 yards before sustaining a season-ending neck injury against Arkansas. After his 2018 season, Metcalf declared for the 2019 NFL Draft, forgoing his last two years of college football. He finished his career with 67 receptions for 1,228 yards and 14 touchdowns. College statistics

Professional career

2019
Metcalf was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the second round with the 64th overall pick in the 2019 NFL Draft, the ninth of 28 wide receivers. On May 22, 2019, Metcalf signed a four-year deal with the Seahawks worth $4.6 million. Metcalf played his first regular season game on September 8, 2019 against the Cincinnati Bengals, where he made four receptions for 89 receiving yards as the Seahawks won 21–20.This set a franchise record for total receiving yards by a player making his NFL debut, eclipsing Hall of Famer Steve Largent's previous record of 86 yards. In Week 2 against the Pittsburgh Steelers, Metcalf caught three passes for 61 yards, including his first career touchdown, as the Seahawks won 28–26. In Week 8 against the Atlanta Falcons, Metcalf recorded three catches for 13 yards and two touchdowns in the 27–20 win, Metcalf's first career game with multiple touchdowns. The following week against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Metcalf set new career highs in receptions and receiving yards, with six catches for 124 yards, including a 53-yard touchdown in the final minutes of the fourth quarter and a 29-yard catch on 3rd down in overtime that set up a game winning touchdown a few plays later. It was his first career 100-yard game. He also caught a two-point conversion that tied the game at 21 in the third quarter. Metcalf finished the regular season with 900 receiving yards (third among NFL rookies) on 58 receptions with seven receiving touchdowns, second on the team in all three categories to Tyler Lockett.In the Wild Card Round against the Philadelphia Eagles, Metcalf recorded seven catches for 160 yards and a touchdown in the Seahawks' 17–9 victory. This set the NFL record for most receiving yards by a rookie in a playoff game. 2020

In Week 1 against the Atlanta Falcons, Metcalf caught 4 passes for 95 yards, including a 38-yard touchdown reception, during the 38–25 win. In the following week's game against the New England Patriots, Metcalf caught four passes for 92 yards and a 54-yard touchdown during the 35–30 win. In the first quarter of the Week 3 game against the Dallas Cowboys, after catching a 61-yard pass, Metcalf slowed to a jog and held the ball out with one hand, seemingly unaware that a defender was behind him. Trevon Diggs knocked the ball free of Metcalf's grasp before he broke the plane of the endzone, and the fumble traveled out of bounds for a touchback. The gaffe was compared to Leon Lett's infamous fumble in Super Bowl XXVII.Despite the blunder, the Seahawks won the game 38–31. Metcalf finished with 110 receiving yards, including the 29-yard game-winning touchdown. In Week 4 against the Miami Dolphins, he had four receptions for 106 yards in the 31–23 victory. In Week 5 against the Minnesota Vikings on Sunday Night Football, Metcalf recorded six catches for 93 yards and two touchdowns, including the game-winning touchdown reception with 15 seconds left in the game, during the 27–26 win. In Week 7 against the Arizona Cardinals, Cardinals' safety Budda Baker intercepted a Russell Wilson pass inside the Cardinals' 5-yard-line, and with a clear path ahead and no Seahawk with comparable speed near him, Baker appeared destined for a pick six. However, even though the 195 lb Baker had a 4-yard running head-start halfway across the field, the 229 lb. Metcalf chased down Baker and tackled him at the Seattle 8-yard line, preventing a touchdown.On their ensuing possession, Arizona failed to score, turning the ball over on downs after an incomplete pass from the 3-yard line. Metcalf reached a top speed of 22.64 mph (36.43 km/h), making it the second-fastest in pursuit in the NFL to that point in the season. Ironically, the play was also compared to Leon Lett's Super Bowl XXVII gaffe, yet this time in a far more favorable light. The play was met with awe by fans and athletes alike, and became the basis for a popular meme on social media. In Week 8 against the San Francisco 49ers, Metcalf caught 12 receptions on 15 targets for 161 yards and two touchdowns, including a 46-yard touchdown catch-and-run during the 37–27 win. In Week 12 against the Philadelphia Eagles on Monday Night Football, he had ten receptions for a career-high 177 receiving yards during the 23–17 win. Metcalf finished the season with 1,303 receiving yards and 10 touchdowns.With 1,303 receiving yards, Metcalf set the franchise record for the Seahawks, surpassing Steve Largent's record from 35 years prior. He was named a second team All-Pro in 2020 alongside Bobby Wagner and Jamal Adams as the other Seahawk All-Pros. In the Wild Card Round of the playoffs against the Los Angeles Rams, Metcalf recorded 5 receptions for 96 yards and two touchdowns, including a 51-yard touchdown reception, during the 30–20 loss. Metcalf was ranked 22nd on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2021 for his performance during the 2020 season. 2021
Earlier in the year before the start of the NFL season, he participated in the 100 meter part of the USATF Golden Games and Distance Open in Walnut, California. He hoped to qualify for the Olympic trials with this performance. Though he indeed didn't qualify, he had a "respectable" time of 10.37 seconds, beating out 2 of the 17 other competitors.In a game against the Green Bay Packers, he grabbed three opposing players' face masks and was ejected from the game, but tried to sneak back into the next huddle despite his ejection. NFL career statistics

Postseason

NFL records
Most receiving yards by a rookie in a playoff game: (160 vs. Philadelphia Eagles on January 5, 2020)

Seahawks records
Most receiving yards in rookie debut: (89 vs. Cincinnati Bengals on September 8, 2019)
Most yards in a season: 1,303 (2020)

Personal life
Metcalf's father, Terrence, was an offensive lineman in the NFL. After ESPN announcer Joe Tessitore mistakenly called him "Decaf Metcalf", Metcalf partnered with Volcanica Coffee. Beginning in December 2019, 16-ounce bags of coffee labeled "Decaf Metcalf" began selling on the company's website. Part of the proceeds from the coffee sales will be donated to Prison Fellowship, an organization Metcalf has a long-standing relationship with. Metcalf is a born-again Christian. References

External links
 Sports-Reference (college)
Ole Miss Rebels bio
Seattle Seahawks bio

1997 births
Living people
African-American players of American football
African-American Christians
American Christians
American football wide receivers
Sportspeople from Oxford, Mississippi
Players of American football from Mississippi
Ole Miss Rebels football players
Seattle Seahawks players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
National Conference Pro Bowl players

masks: DK Metcalf


texts:
<mask><mask> (November 5, 1940 – September 28, 2018) was a decorated  United States Marine Corps Major General. <mask> was a combat veteran — receiving the Navy Cross for his heroic actions during the Vietnam War, as well as the Silver Star, two Legions of Merit, four Bronze Stars and five Purple Hearts. Marine Corps Career
<mask> enlisted in the United States Marine Corps in 1960 and completed multiple tours of duty with 1st Marine Division in the Republic of Vietnam, where he served as a squad leader, platoon sergeant, platoon commander and company gunnery sergeant. <mask> was wounded multiple times and awarded the Bronze Star Medal with Valor device. <mask> was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1968 via the Meritorious NCO Program. Upon completion of The Basic School in 1968, he was assigned to the 5th MEB, and 3rd Marine Division, where he served as a platoon commander. <mask> served a second tour in Vietnam as an Advisor with the Vietnamese Marine Corps.<mask> was awarded the Silver Star Medal for heroism in April 1972 and the Navy Cross for heroism in July 1972. Upon his return from Vietnam, <mask> was assigned to the Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego as company commander, battalion operations officer and regimental operations officer. In late 1976, he was assigned to the 5th Marine Regiment where he served as company commander, battalion operations officer, and battalion executive officer. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in October 1983. <mask> served as executive officer of the 6th Marine Regiment and then two years as commanding officer of 3rd Battalion, 4th Marines. he was promoted to colonel in September 1989. <mask> assumed command of 6th Marines on June 13, 1990.<mask> relinquished command of 6th Marines on February 27, 1992. His numerous staff assignments include student at Armed Forces Staff College, Norfolk,Virginia (1979 to 1980); Tactics Group Chief and Operations Officer of The Basic School, Marine Corps Combat Development Command (1980 to 1983); Operations Officer, Marine Aircraft Group 15, 1st Marine Aircraft Wing; student at the National War College in Washington, D.C (1986 to 1987) and Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Force Structure Implementation, Plans, Policies and Operations Department, Headquarters Marine Corps (1992 to 1995). He was selected for promotion to brigadier general in December 1991 and promoted to major general in February 1995. He assumed his last assignment in June 1995 as the Commanding General, 2nd Marine Division, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. Awards and honors
His personal decorations include:

Navy Cross citation
LIVINGSTON, LAWRENCE H.
Captain, U.S. Marine Corps
Advisor (Attached), 1st Vietnamese Marine Corps Infantry Battalion
Date of Action: July 11, 1972

The Navy Cross is presented to <mask><mask>, Captain, U.S. Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism on 11 July 1972 while serving as Senior Advisor to the 1st Vietnamese Marine Corps Infantry Battalion during a heliborne assault into enemy-held territory northeast of Quang Tri City, Republic of Vietnam. When the battalion encountered unexpectedly heavy enemy fire while disembarking into the landing zone, and sustained numerous casualties, Captain <mask> moved throughout the hasty positions taken by the scattered and hesitant element and formed the Marines into an assault force. Despite the continuing heavy concentration of hostile fire, he began the assault on the initial objective - a treeline approximately 50 yards distant.Although blown from his feet by explosions and periodically delayed to reform and redirect his casualty-riddled force, he forged ahead, leading the Vietnamese Marines into the enemy-infested trench lines of the objective and a subsequent hand-to-hand battle. Upon seizure of the initial portion of the trench line, Captain <mask> shed his combat equipment, emerged from the trench line, and exposed himself to a hail of enemy fire to reach and carry his wounded naval gunfire spotter to a position of relative safety. Captain <mask>'s repeated acts of heroism in the face of heavy enemy fire reflected great credit upon himself and the Marine Corps and were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service. Silver Star citation
The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Captain <mask> <mask> (MCSN: 0-107447), United States Marine Corps, for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action while serving in the Republic of Vietnam on 12 April 1972 as the Assistant United States Marine Advisor to the First Infantry Battalion, Vietnamese Marine Corps. Captain <mask> and the company of Marines with which he was participating in a search operation, having just taken a prisoner for interrogation, were ambushed by a Vietnamese platoon. Within thirty seconds intense enemy fire had killed the Vietnamese Officer in Charge and killed or wounded all but two of the friendly forces in the immediate area. Without hesitation and with complete disregard for his own safety, Captain <mask> braved intense enemy fire to recover the body of the Vietnamese officer and to remove several wounded to a protected area.Then, realizing that the prisoner would be able to provide intelligence, he questioned him and learned the enemy disposition. By organizing the resistance of his Vietnamese comrades, he ensured that the company was able to drive off the North Vietnamese. Captain <mask>'s courageous and decisive action immediately following the death of the Vietnamese commander not only resulted in the withdrawal of the enemy platoon, saving an untold number of friendly casualties, but enabled the Vietnamese Marines, with the aid of supporting artillery fire, to inflict serious damage to a larger enemy unit nearby. Captain <mask>'s devotion to duty, courage under fire and exemplary professionalism were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service. See also
List of Navy Cross recipients for the Vietnam War
List of 2nd Marine Division commanders

References

External links

1940 births
2018 deaths
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Silver Star
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
United States Marine Corps generals
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Gulf War
Military personnel from Ohio
People from Defiance, Ohio
Joint Forces Staff College alumni
National War College alumni

masks:
Lawrence H
. Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Lawrence H
. Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Lawrence Herbert
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston


texts:
<mask>, in Italy also called Il fiammingo (Antwerp, c. 1620 – between 1686 and 1690) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman. After training in Antwerp, he spent his entire career abroad, first in Northern Italy and later in Vienna and other cities in central Europe. He was mainly a portrait artist but also painted genre scenes as well as religious, mythological and allegorical subjects. He was part of a network of Flemish and Dutch painters working for the court, aristocracy and ecclesiastical institutions of central Europe. Life
Details about the life of <mask> are sketchy. He is believed to have been born in Antwerp around 1620. It is not clear who was his master.He is not recorded with any of the contemporary painters as a pupil. It is therefore possible that he studied with Rubens or Jordaens, two artists who as court artists were exempted from the requirement to register their pupils with the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke. There exists no documentary evidence for such apprenticeship. It is also possible that he was trained outside of Antwerp. He was admitted as a master in the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in the guild year 1646–47. On 18 October 1648 he joined the 'Sodaliteit van de Bejaerde Jongmans' (Sodality of the Unmarried Men of Age), a fraternity for bachelors established by the Jesuit order. He left Flanders and is subsequently recorded in Northern Italy, where he is documented in Lovere in 1657 as working on an altarpiece for the local church of St George.The large painting depicting Moses striking the rock is still in situ. He was recorded in Bergamo in 1658 where he painted the Abraham and Abimelech for the Santa Maria Maggiore Church, which is still in situ. He is documented in Brescia in 1660–1661. In this location he resided long enough to train the painter Angelo Everardi, who was likely of Flemish descent and was known as il Fiammenghino. Although there is no documentary evidence for this, it is likely that he was also active in Mantua for a while. The artistic direction of the Ducal Court in Mantua had been for decades in the hands of Flemish artists, first Daniel van <mask> and later Frans Geffels. Geffels was also from Antwerp and had become a member of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke a year earlier than <mask>dt.He had then left to work in Italy while also working for periods in, and maintaining links, with Vienna, where both artists are believed to have arrived in the early 1660s. It is likely that the artists knew each other as they both contributed to a collaborative book published in Vienna, the Historia di Leopoldo Cesare. <mask> <mask> followed in the footsteps of many of his compatriots of the previous generation who sought a career in Central Europe. The Southern Netherlands had developed a close bond with the Imperial court in Vienna as its Spanish rulers were connected with it through dynastic links. The governors of the Southern Netherlands were often members of the Austrian Imperial family. They occasionally took artists from Flanders back with them when they returned to Vienna after being called back from their post. This was the case with Archduke Leopold Wilhelm, who brought artists such as <mask> <mask> Baren, Franciscus <mask> Steen and Nikolaus van Hoy back with him to Vienna.<mask> <mask>'s brother had preceded him as he was working in Vienna as a goldsmith to the court and may have been instrumental in introducing <mask> to the court in Vienna. While he is believed to have arrived in Vienna around 1660, <mask> is first documented in Vienna on 8 January 1662. On that date he signed his name in the ecclesiastical registers of the Schottenkirche (Scottish church) in Vienna as he together with the Flemish engraver Franciscus <mask> Steen acted as a witnesses at the wedding of the Dutch artist <mask> <mask>. <mask> <mask> later collaborated with <mask> Steen on a series of aristocratic portraits for the publication Historia di Lepoldo Cesare. Frans Geffels also contributed to this publication. In Vienna, <mask>dt painted portraits of courtiers as well as history paintings for their chateaux and palaces. He appears in the business records of Forchondt, a family business of art dealers from Antwerp who served clients throughout Europe and had a branch in Vienna.The son of the founder of the family business trained as a goldsmith with <mask>'s brother in Vienna. The records of the Forchondt firm show that in 1671 Prince Schwarzenberg bought a painting on the subject of Armida and Rinaldo, which was likely the Rinaldo preventing Armida's suicide by <mask>dt (now in the former Augustinian monastery in Brno). <mask> may have been active in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou (now in the Czech Republic) from the beginning of 1666 to January 1667. From 1666 to 1668 <mask>dt worked in Brno. He is recorded in Prague in 1680 where he had accompanied the court when it fled Vienna due to an outbreak of the plague. He was in Třebíč from 1880 to 1881 and, in this last year, also in Znojmo. In 1684 he executed two works for patrons in Prague but these were possibly created elsewhere.The last report of his presence in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou dates back to 1686. After 1686 there is no more news of the artist. The exact time and place of his death are not known. There are no records about him after 1686. It is believed he died sometime between 1686 and 1690 in Central Europe. Work
<mask> <mask> was a versatile painter who painted portraits, stories from the bible, history paintings and genre scenes. He signed the vast majority of his works with the most widespread variant of his name J. D<mask>.The most apparent influences on his work are Antwerp's leading painters Anthony van Dyck, Rubens, Jordaens and Caspar <mask>er. The style of <mask>'s portraits shows the influence of the van Dyckian portrait model. This influence is also recognisable in his series of paintings recounting stories from Torquato Tasso's 'Gerusalemme Liberata' such as the Erminia and the shepherds. <mask> <mask> also was aware of trends in Central European painting. This is shown in his Portrait of the family of Imperial Goldsmith Franz Wilhelm <mask> von Antorff (Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium). <mask>'s family portrait likely includes a self-portrait in the young man on the left who holds a watch in his left hand and points with his right hand to the floor. Alternatively, this may be a portrait of his nephew.Given the similarities between the two works, <mask>'s family portrait may indicate that he had seen the Family of precious stone cutter Dionysius Miseroni (National Gallery Prague) painted by the Czech portrait painter Karel Škréta in 1653. This was one of the first group portraits of this kind in Central Europe. In 1669 Tobias Pock painted a Self-Portrait with the artist's family in which he depicted himself in a manner that is almost identical to the one used by <mask> <mask> in his family portrait. Pock may have known <mask>'s family portrait. <mask> <mask> along with the above-mentioned artists created an entirely new visual language in Central Europe through this type of communicative group portrait. [[File:<mask> <mask> - Portrait of Franz Augustin of Waldstein.jpg|thumb|200px|Portrait of Franz Augustin von Waldstein]]

<mask> <mask> collaborated on the publication Historia di Leopoldo Cesare written by Galeazzo Gualdo Priorato and published in Vienna by the Flemish publisher from Antwerp Johann Baptist Hacque. The first and second volumes of the book were published in 1670 and a third one in 1674.The first volume described the political and military successes of Emperor Leopold I between 1656 and 1670. It was mainly illustrated with prints made by Flemish and Dutch printmakers after designs by other Netherlandish artists as well as artists from Germany and Italy. The illustrations mainly depict portraits of European monarchs and important aristocrats, castle scenes, battle scenes, maps and ceremonies. Apart from <mask> <mask>, the Dutch and Flemish artists who contributed to the work were Frans Geffels, Cornelis Meyssens, Franciscus <mask> Steen, Gerard Bouttats, Adriaen van Bloemen, Sebastian van Dryweghen and Jacob Toorenvliet. German artists Moritz Lang, Johann Martin Lerch and Johann Holst and Italians Il Bianchi, Marco Boschini and Leonardus Hen.t Venetiis also contributed. <mask> <mask> contributed at least six designs for portraits: Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, Duke Ferdinand Dietrichstein, Count Jean-Louis Raduit <mask>, Count Raimund Montecuccoli, Count <mask> and Count Nicholas Zrinsky. The prints designed by <mask>dt in this publication have been used as the basis for attributing paintings to <mask>.For instance, the Portrait of the Polish nobleman and commander Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski (Royal Castle, Warsaw) was attributed in this manner. <mask> is also the author of a series of portraits of members of the Waldstein family. The works <mask> created in Italy are all found in Lombardy. In 1920 the artist's signature was discovered on the altarpiece of the high altar of the Church of Saint Maurice in Breno in Lombardy, northern Italy. The altarpiece depicts Saint Maurice kneeling before the Virgin and Child. There was a Portrait of St. Elizabeth (now lost) in the Church of St. Francis of Assisi in Brescia. There is an altarpiece depicting the Virgin in the clouds with Saints Anthony of Padua and Valentine'', signed J.<mask> F. in situ at the Church of San Giovanni Decollato in Desenzano del Garda. Another painting by <mask> in Lombardy is an altarpiece of Moses striking the rock preserved in the Church of Saint Georges in Lovere. This work is remarkable for its large size (785 cm high and 500 cm wide) and the movement of the large crowd depicted in it. References

External links

1620 births
1686 deaths
Painters from Antwerp
Flemish Baroque painters
Flemish portrait painters
Flemish genre painters
Flemish history painters
Artists from Antwerp

masks:
Jan de Herdt
Jan de Herdt
den Dyck
de Her
Jan de
Herdt
Jan Anton
van der
van der
Jan de
Herdt
Jan
Jan
van der
Hans de
Jode
Jan de
Herdt
van der
de Her
Jan
de Her
Jan
de Her
Jan de
Herdt
. Herdt
de Cray
de Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
de Harde
De Herdt
de Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
de Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
Jan de
Herdt
van der
Jan de
Herdt
de Souches
Jan Rottal
de Her
de Herdt
De Herdt
de Herdt
De Herdt
de Herdt


texts:
Elizabeth Cavendish, later Elizabeth Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury (c. 152713 February 1608), known as <mask> of Hardwick (née <mask>), of Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire, was a notable figure of Elizabethan English society. By a series of well-made marriages, she rose to the highest levels of English nobility and became enormously wealthy. Bess was a shrewd business woman, increasing her assets with business interests including mines and glass-making workshops. She was married four times. Her first husband was Robert Barley (or Barlow), who died aged about 14 or 15 on 24 December 1544. Her second husband was the courtier Sir William Cavendish. Her third husband was Sir William St Loe.Her last husband was George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, sometime keeper to the captive Mary, Queen of Scots. An accomplished needlewoman, Bess joined her husband's captive charge at Chatsworth House for extended periods in 1569, 1570, and 1571, during which time they worked together on the Oxburgh Hangings. In 1601, Bess ordered an inventory of the household furnishings, including textiles, at her three properties at Chatsworth, Hardwick, and Chelsea, which survives. In her will she bequeathed these items to her heirs to be preserved in perpetuity. The 400-year-old collection, now known as the Hardwick Hall textiles, is the largest collection of tapestry, embroidery, canvaswork, and other textiles to have been preserved by a single private family. Bess is also well known for her building projects, the most famous of which are Chatsworth, now the seat of the Dukes of Devonshire (whose family name is Cavendish as they descend from the children of her second marriage), and Hardwick Hall. Origins
<mask> was the daughter of <mask> of Derbyshire by his wife Elizabeth Leeke, daughter of Thomas Leeke and Margaret Fox.Her exact birthdate is unknown, occurring in the period 1521 to 1527; that said, according to her witness statement under oath at a court hearing in October 1546, in which she gives her age at the time of her first marriage in May 1543 as being 'of tender years', i.e. less than 16, would indicate 1527. It cannot be later than 1527 because of the date of her father's death, given in his Inquisition Post Mortem. The Hardwicks had arrived in Derbyshire from Sussex by the mid-thirteenth century, and farmed land granted by Robert Savage, lord of the manor of Slingsby, on the north-east border of Derbyshire, looking over Nottinghamshire. By the mid-fifteenth century the family had risen to 'gentleman-yeoman' stock, with an estate of a few hundred acres located mainly in the parish of Ault Hucknall in the manor of Slingsby. The Hardwick coat of arms of Hardwick was probably granted c. 1450 to <mask>. The blazon is: Argent, a saltier engrailed azure on a chief of the second three cinquefoils of the first.When giving evidence of his right to arms in 1569, Bess's only brother, <mask> (1525-1580/1), provided the heralds with a pedigree of his family which began with this William, who died c. 1453. James was the last surviving legitimate male member of the <mask> family. The <mask>s were members of the minor gentry of Scarsdale; no male member of the <mask> family rose above the status of esquire or held any important local or county offices. Bess was born into this relatively minor gentry family. Her fourth marriage to the earl of Shrewsbury in 1567 elevated her to the rank of 'countess', and following the earl's death in November 1590, Bess became one of the richest women in the kingdom. She set about building her greatest monument, Hardwick New Hall, which was completed in 1599. Early life
<mask> died aged about 40 leaving a widow, son (and heir), and four daughters (five daughters were alive at the time he wrote his will).His widow Elizabeth Leeke then remarried Ralph, the second son of the neighbouring Leche (or Leach) family of Chatsworth, in Derbyshire, by whom she would leave an additional three co-heiresses. Little is known of Bess's early life. She appears to have been espoused to her first husband during the 1530s, and probably married for the first time in 1543. Despite the story being often repeated, there is no contemporary evidence whatsoever to support Dugdale's later claims that she became familiar with city life and the Tudor Court after being sent to live, aged twelve, in the London household of Anne Gainsford, Lady Zouche of Codnor Castle in Derbyshire, where she was supposedly influenced by Lady Zouche. Despite a lack of evidence, it is possible – but no more than that – that at some point, perhaps after the death of her first husband, she entered the service of the Zouches at Codnor Castle in Derbyshire. A close family associate was a man named Henry Marmion whose family held land close to Codnor, and may have commended Bess to the Zouches who, along with the Vernons, were the only major Derbyshire family likely to have taken in such children. However, Anne Gainsford was in service in the households of Anne Boleyn and Jane Seymour, and despite marrying Sir George Zouche in 1533, spent much of her time at court until after 1536, when she and Sir George made Codnor Castle their main residence.Not surprisingly, this period coincides with that Dugdale claimed Bess was in service to Anne Gainsford in London and at Codnor. However, there is no evidence to support the story, and Dugdale would have known much more about the early life of Lady Zouche than was known of Bess's origins. It is again down to Dugdale that the story came about that from Codnor Bess entered the service of the Greys at Bradgate in Leicestershire, where she met and married her second husband, Sir William Cavendish. She certainly married Sir William at Bradgate, but that in itself does not prove that Bess was in service at Bradgate. It remains possible that she met Sir William elsewhere, possibly at Codnor. Bess's four marriages

First marriage
In 1543, Bess married 13-year-old Robert Barley (or Barlow), heir to a neighbouring estate. The exact date of her marriage to Robert is unknown.It is thought that the marriage took place late May 1543, shortly before the death of Robert's father on 28 May. There is no evidence that they lived together as man and wife. Robert died in December 1544. There was no issue from the marriage, which had been arranged locally, probably initially to protect the Barley patrimony and to mitigate the impact of wardship on the Barley estate should Robert succeed his father as an underage heir. The traditional story that Robert and Bess met in London while in the service of a "Lady Zouche" is based on oral history, which can only be dated to the late seventeenth century (some eighty years after Bess's death). The marital claims to Robert's estate were disputed, and following his death Bess was refused dower by Peter Freschevile. A court battle ensued, which resulted in Bess being awarded her claim on the Barley estate and compensation, albeit several years after Robert's death.Second marriage

On 20 August 1547, Bess married the twice-widowed Sir William Cavendish', Treasurer of the King's Chamber, and became Lady Cavendish. The wedding took place at two o'clock in the morning, at the home of the Grey family, friends of the couple. Sir William was more than twice Bess's age and the father of two daughters. His fortune had been made following the Dissolution of the Monasteries, since as an official of the Court of Augmentations he was able to select choice properties for himself. Possibly acting on Bess's advice, Sir William sold his lands in the south of England and bought the Chatsworth estates in her home county of Derbyshire. Sir William Cavendish died on 25 October 1557, leaving Bess widowed a second time and in deep debt to the Crown. Upon his death, Bess claimed the sum of his property, having insisted that his land be settled on their heirs.The eight children of the marriage, two of whom died in infancy, were as follows:
 Frances Cavendish (18 June 1548January 1632), the eldest child, married Sir Henry Pierrepont, MP. Their children were:
 Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull who married Gertrude Talbot. They had five sons including Henry Pierrepont, 1st Marquess of Dorchester and William Pierrepoint, MP. Robert was also the forebear of the Dukes of Kingston-upon-Hull, extinct since 1773. The Earls Manvers (extinct in 1955) succeeded to the Pierrepont Estates. Elizabeth Pierrepont married Sir Thomas Erskine, first Earl of Kellie. Grace Pierrepont married Sir George Manners.They had four children, including John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland. Temperance Cavendish (10 June 15491550), 2nd child, died in infancy. Henry Cavendish (17 December 155028 October 1616), 3rd child, a godson of Queen Elizabeth I. He married Grace Talbot. Henry Cavendish is the forebear of the Barons Waterpark. The title of Baron Waterpark is extant. He hated his wife and had no legitimate children.Instead he had eight illegitimate children, four boys and four girls. After attempting and failing to liberate his niece Arbella Stuart from his mother's estate, he was disinherited by his mother. Bess referred to him as "my bad son Henry". William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire (27 December 15523 March 1626), 4th child, forebear of the extant Dukes of Devonshire. Charles Cavendish (28 November 15534 April 1617), 5th child, a godson of Queen Mary I of England. He married Catherine Ogle, 8th Baroness Ogle. They had a son:
 William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, forebear of the Dukes of Newcastle, extinct since 1691.The Barony of Ogle is in abeyance, as more than one person has a legal right to claim the title. The estates passed through to the female line to the Dukes of Portland and Newcastle-under-Lyne, both now extinct. Elizabeth Cavendish (31 March 155521 January 1582), 6th child, wife of Charles Stuart, 1st Earl of Lennox. They had a daughter:
 Lady Arbella Stuart, 2nd Countess of Lennox, married William Seymour, 2nd Duke of Somerset, an extant title. Mary Cavendish (January 1556April 1632), 7th child, wife of Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury. They had five children including:
 Lady Alatheia (or Alethea) Talbot, who married Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Norfolk. The title of Duke of Norfolk is extant.Lady Mary Talbot who married William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke. The title Earl of Pembroke is extant. Lady Elizabeth Talbot married Henry Grey, 8th Earl of Kent. The title Earl of Kent from the Grey family has been extinct since 1740. Lucrece Cavendish (born and died 1556), 8th child, probably the twin of Mary. Third marriage

In 1559 Bess married a third time, to Sir William St Loe (1518–1565) (alias St Lowe, Saintlowe, Sentloe, etc.) and became Lady St Loe.Her new husband was Captain of the Guard to Queen Elizabeth I and Chief Butler of England. Due to his relationship with Queen Elizabeth I, he was able to reduce the debt Bess owed and paid

masks:
Bess
Elizabeth Hardwick
Elizabeth Hardwick
John Hardwick
William Hardwick
James Hardwick
Hardwick
Hardwick
Hardwick
John Hardwick


texts:
 it back in full on her behalf. He owned large West Country estates at Tormarton in Gloucestershire and Chew Magna in Somerset, while his principal residence was at Sutton Court in Stowey. When he died without male issue in 1564/5, in suspicious circumstances (probably poisoned by his younger brother), he left everything to Bess, to the detriment of his daughters and brother. In addition to her own six surviving children, Bess was now responsible for the two daughters of Sir William St Loe from his first marriage. However, those two daughters were already adults and otherwise well provided for. Sir William St Loe's death left Bess one of the wealthiest women in England.Her annual income was calculated to amount to £60,000, . Further, she was a Lady of the Bedchamber with daily access to the Queen, whose favour she enjoyed. Still in her late 30s, Bess retained her looks and good health, and a number of important men began courting her. Fourth marriage

Despite being courted by several suitors, Bess did not remarry until 1568, when she married for the fourth time to become Countess of Shrewsbury. Her new husband, George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, was one of the premier aristocrats of the realm, and the father of seven children by his first marriage. Indeed, two of his children were married to two of hers in a double ceremony in February 1568: Bess's daughter Mary Cavendish, aged 12, was given in marriage to Shrewsbury's eldest son Gilbert, aged 16; while Bess's son, Sir Henry Cavendish, aged 18, married Shrewsbury's daughter Lady Grace Talbot, aged 8. In the year before Bess and the Earl of Shrewsbury were married, a political disturbance arose in Scotland, which would profoundly affect their lives.Rebel Scottish lords rose up against Mary, Queen of Scots, imprisoned her, and forced her to abdicate in favour of her one-year-old infant son, James. In May 1568, Mary escaped captivity in Scotland, and fled south towards England, seeking the protection of her cousin, Queen Elizabeth. However, the English authorities were not sure how to receive her. On 18 May, she was taken into protective custody at Carlisle Castle by local officials. Queen Elizabeth felt obliged to host and protect Mary, her cousin, against the rebellious Scottish lords. However, due to Mary's persistent claim to the English throne, Elizabeth also regarded her as a threat. Elizabeth had Mary moved to Bolton Castle in Yorkshire, where she was lodged under the guard of Francis Knollys, pending the York Conference inquiry, regarding Mary's fate.The inquiry results were inconclusive; yet Elizabeth did not set Mary free. Instead, Mary would be detained under the custody of the Earl of Shrewsbury, and his wife Bess. Elizabeth's instruction to Bess and her husband amounted to little more than Mary's house arrest. Mary reached her new residence, Tutbury Castle, in February 1569, when she was 26 years old, and would remain in the custody of Shrewsbury and Bess for 15 years. Elizabeth shifted the costs of the imprisonment to Shrewsbury. It was recorded that Mary would use the couple's insecurities against each other, even convincing Talbot that Bess was stealing. Mary's presence in their home, as well as the financial costs and political tensions, may have contributed to the rift between Shrewsbury and Bess, which would lead eventually to the break-up of their marriage.While in the care of the earl and countess, Queen Mary lived at one or another of their many houses in the Midlands: Tutbury, Wingfield Manor, Chatsworth House, and Sheffield Manor. Throughout this period, <mask> spent time as Mary's companion, working with her on embroidery and textile projects. Indeed, all Mary's work later became part of Bess's historical collection at Hardwick Hall. Bess joined Mary at Chatsworth for extended periods in 1569, 1570, and 1571, during which time they worked together on the Oxburgh Hangings. It was not until Mary was removed to another keeper, Sir Amias Paulet, that she got into the trouble that would lead ultimately to her execution. Previous to the Queen's change in custody, Shrewsbury and Bess separated for good. They had been apart, off and on, since about 1580; and even Queen Elizabeth had tried to get them to reconcile.Mary seems to have aggravated, if not created, their problems by playing them off against each other. The Countess spread rumors that her husband Shrewsbury had been in a relationship with Mary, a charge which has never been proved or disproved, and in any case which she later retracted, but seems unlikely given Shrewsbury's disposition and increasingly poor health. On his death in 1590, Bess became Dowager Countess of Shrewsbury. She lived mostly at Hardwicke, where she built the new mansion Hardwick Hall, which inspired the rhyme, "Hardwick Hall, more glass than wall", because of the number and size of its windows. She was indeed one of the greatest builders of her time at Hardwick, Chatsworth House, and Oldcoates. The Stuart connection
In 1574 Bess arranged a marriage between one of her daughters and the son of the Countess of Lennox. This was a significant match for Bess because the Countess of Lennox was Margaret Douglas, a member of the royal family, being the daughter of Margaret Tudor, Queen Dowager of Scotland and sister of Henry VIII, and therefore, also Queen Elizabeth's first cousin.In this match, the bride was Bess's daughter, Elizabeth Cavendish, and the groom was Charles Stuart, who was himself also the first cousin of Mary, Queen of Scots, (through their grandmother, the same Margaret Tudor). The groom was also the younger brother of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley who had been married to Mary until his death. This marriage, therefore, enabled a claim to the throne for any of Bess's grandchildren born of the marriage. The marriage ceremony took place without the knowledge of Shrewsbury, who, though well aware of the suggested match some time prior to this event, declined to accept any responsibility. Due to the Lennox family's claim to the throne, the marriage was considered potentially treasonable, since Queen Elizabeth's consent had not been obtained. The Countess of Lennox, mother of the bridegroom, went to the Tower for several months, and Bess was ordered to London to face an official inquiry, but she ignored the summons, and remained in Sheffield until the row died down. The child of the marriage was Arbella Stuart, who had a claim to the thrones of Scotland and England as the second cousin to King James VI of Scotland (later King James I of England), through their great-grandmother, Margaret Tudor.Arbella was at times invited to Elizabeth's court, but spent most of her time with her grandmother. A BBC documentary showed that <mask> very much desired Arbella to become Queen, even imprisoning the young lady to prevent her from eloping. Arbella blamed her grandmother for this, and the two fell out irrevocably when Arbella attempted to run away and marry a man who, as a descendant of Henry VII, also had a claim to the throne. Bess cut Arbella from her will and begged the Queen to take her granddaughter off her hands. Arbella's royal claim was never recognized. Despite disinheriting Arbella and her eldest son (Henry: for aiding Arbella's escape); Bess later had a "lukewarm reconciliation with her granddaughter. Bess has been an ancestor of the royal line since 1952; Queen Elizabeth II being Bess's descendant through the dukes of Portland, in whose family was Elizabeth II's maternal grandmother, Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck.In 1604 Bess was involved with Queen Anne in an unsuccessful attempt to found a college or university at Ripon in Yorkshire. The scheme was promoted by Cecily Sandys, the widow of the Bishop Edwin Sandys. Death and burial

Bess of Hardwick died at 5 pm on Saturday 13 February 1608, aged 81. At the time of her death she remained "one of the richest, and most powerful women in the kingdom". On 16 February her body was placed in a vault in All Saints Church, Derby, then the parish church of that city (demolished 1723 and rebuilt, since 1927 Derby Cathedral), under an elaborate monument with a laudatory inscription which she took care to put up in her lifetime. The monument with effigy survives, having been saved from the former demolished building. Stories of her body lying in state for weeks in the Great Chamber at Hardwick are mythical.Her accumulated estates were left to her children from her second marriage. Fiction

Television
 A 10-part BBC series about Bess titled Mistress of Hardwick was broadcast in 1972, with Hilary Mason in the title role. The script was written by Alison Plowden, and the series won the Writers' Guild Award for the best educational television series. Most of the episodes are now lost. Plowden wrote a tie-in book, also called Mistress of Hardwick, which was published by the BBC in April 1972. Film
 She is portrayed by Gemma Chan in the 2018 movie Mary Queen of Scots. Literature
 Bess is the main character in Venus in Winter by Gillian Bagwell (2 July 2013).Bess of Hardwick is a character in The Other Queen by Philippa Gregory. Bess is the title character of A Woman of Passion by Virginia Henley. She also features prominently in the book The Captive Queen of Scots by Jean Plaidy. She is the title character in the novel The Queenmaker by Maureen Peters. She appears in The Secret Confessions of Anne Shakespeare by Arliss Ryan. She is the main character in the Jan Westcott historical/biographical fiction novel The Tower and The Dream. In Dorothy Sayers's novel Gaudy Night, Bess of Hardwick is referred to as the mother of Mary, Countess of Shrewsbury, the patroness of the fictitious Shrewsbury College at Oxford.Bess of Hardwick is the narrator of Petticoat King, a 1929 novel by Miriam Michelson. Bess is a character in the short story "Antickes and Frets" by Susanna Clarke, in her 2006 collection The Ladies of Grace Adieu and Other Stories. Music
 The song "Hardwick's Lofty Towers" by Sarah McQuaid is from the perspective of Bess. It appears on her 2012 album The Plum Tree and the Rose. References

Bibliography

  [Biographical fiction]
 [Biography]

External links
 Bess of Hardwick's Letters: The Complete Correspondence, c. 1550–1608, ed. by Alison Wiggins, Alan Bryson, Daniel Starza Smith, Anke Timmermann and Graham Williams, University of Glasgow, web development by Katherine Rogers, University of Sheffield Humanities Research Institute (April 2013)
 The Correspondence of Bess of Hardwick in EMLO

1520s births
1608 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Bess Cavendish
Bess
Shrewsbury, Elizabeth Talbot, Countess of
Waterford
People from Bolsover District
16th-century English women
16th-century English nobility
17th-century English women
17th-century English landowners
17th-century English nobility
16th-century English landowners
16th-century women landowners
Court of Elizabeth

masks: Bess Bess


texts:
<mask> (born <mask>-man, 27 August 1973) is a Hong Kong live television compère/host, interviewer, author, and has been a radio announcer and DJ on RTHK (Radio Television Hong Kong) since 1998. Pang is fluent in English and Putonghua, in addition to her native Cantonese. Personal life
Born on 27 August 1973 in Hong Kong to Fujian-ese parents of Vietnamese origin, <mask> was educated in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where her parents now reside. She has one younger sister who participated in the Miss Hong Kong Pageant of 1997. Pang also worked briefly as an airline hostess at Virgin Airways before embarking on her career in Hong Kong broadcasting. In 2000, <mask> married a businessman, but divorced him in 2006. She has one son.Pang was interviewed by local newspaper Ming Pao in Chinese about her personal feelings. Career

Radio
In 1998, Pang began working for government public-broadcaster Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK) Radio 2, which broadcasts in Cantonese with programmes aimed at youth, entertainment and popular music. Having a brief background as a DJ in Toronto, Pang trained for six months at RTHK and became a very popular broadcast DJ and announcer. In 1999, Pang earned a main character role in the 32-episode Radio RTHK historical drama The Book and the Sword. She became noted for her vocal changes in taking on a character and was sought by dubbing studios and for commercial advertisements. Pang made appearances on RTHK's Teen Power coaching prospective DJs on how to use vocal changes to emote. Pang was asked by director Alan K.K.Yip to sing a Cantonese-version of the theme for a Korean drama. "A Wrongly Secured Love" (錯落的深情) rose to the  12 position on the Cantonese Golden Songs Pop Chart in March 2003. Pang released a few records and had other Top 20 songs including "Waiting For Your Love" (等你的愛) sung with Chan Kin Chong (陳敬創). In May 2004, Pang moved from the midnight music programme Late Mother, Late Father to the long-running 06:00–10:00 weekday programme Morning Suite (replacing Candy Che Suk-Mui) and also co-hosted the Saturday 12:00–14:00 Cantonese Top 20 Pop Chart (中文歌曲龍虎榜), increasing her on-air exposure. Despite moving to television news in March 2008, <mask> maintains a presence on RTHK Radio 2. She continued to co-host Cantonese Top 20 Pop Chart until July 2009, filled-in for her Morning Suite replacement on 1 October 2008, and made numerous guest-hosting appearances on other RTHK radio programmes. In October 2009, Pang began a new Sunday afternoon radio programme Lassies and Nerds (中女宅男殺很大) with co-host Tsang Chi Ho (曾志豪), which examines the social needs of those who are single and over the age of 30 in Hong Kong.Master of ceremonies
Known as a very animated hostess for live stage and TV shows and special events, Pang also performs master of ceremonies (MC) duties at high-society private parties. Pang lectures on public speaking at the HK Productivity Council and makes appearances as a judge at the Master-of-Ceremony Competitions. Pang is noted for her hosting of the popular annual environmental programme, The Solar Project, a RTHK combined live radio-and-TV stage production, from 2001 to 2007. Her last "Let's Go" concert by RTHK was held in Hong Kong in conjunction with TVB. Television
Pang started in television in 2001 with segments on RTHK's education channel, ETV, including co-hosting "Education News" and "Inter-School Quiz". She co-hosted a number of televised awards shows and events, including the 21st Hong Kong Film Awards (2002), the 4th Global Chinese Music Awards (2004), benefits for Save China's Tigers (2005) and for victims of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, and Hong Kong's 2008 New Year's celebrations. She is noted for hosting the annual televised production The Solar Project.From October 2007 to February 2008, <mask> co-hosted a thrice-daily 3-minute video news segment 'Witty Banter' for PCCW's 'NOW! News' Channel 332. In March, <mask> was promoted to senior anchor for the channel's weekday morning news programme (09:30–12:30). Also in March 2008, <mask> was invited to host NOW!TV's Dim Sum TV channel current-affairs programme Talk of Fame (點心名人榜). Pang hosted many early episodes, showing her ability to research and interview a wide variety of subjects. Author, playwright and columnist
<mask>'s first book is Yi Zhong Ai Qi Duan Qing (一種愛 七段情', literally translated as 'One Kind of Love but Seven Situations'), a collection of gay and lesbian love stories. It was released on 18 July 2007 at the Hong Kong Book Fair.A second paperback titled 中女挑宅男 is a collection of short stories recounted from her popular RTHK radio programme Lassies and Nerds, published at the end of 2010. In July 2011, <mask> released another Chinese book titled 中女解毒 (or Women in Detoxification) in parallel with a stage play of the same name, in which <mask> starred. A follow-up book was released at the 2012 Hong Kong Book Fair. <mask> is a regular contributor to weekday (Hong Kong) Chinese-language newspaper AM0730. Her column, running on Tuesdays and Thursdays, is titled "Zhong Nui Wan Sui" (Happy Zhong Girls). Pang also contributed articles in English to the Local section of the free daily newspaper The Standard. These articles echoed her Chinese-language blog.The last of <mask>'s well-received short articles was printed on 25 October 2010. A 2011 interview about her personal life struggles is also in print by The Standard. Detention
On 12 January 2007, <mask> Ching was detained (with several more-prominent RTHK DJs) by Hong Kong's Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) for purportedly being involved in a fraud by a superior involving claims of reimbursement of tens of thousands of Hong Kong dollars between 2002 and 2003. Due to lack of any conclusive evidence, <mask> was released, and returned to host Morning Suite. See also
 21st Hong Kong Film Awards

References

External links
 <mask>'s Official Webpage on RTHK's site
 Jacqueline in a Biographical article from a popular HK Chinese Newspaper
 <mask>g's Chinese Biography in a Free Chinese Newspaper
 <mask>g Chinese Bio "My Wonderful World" (Pgs. 24-30 of the Book-section only) by a Popular Chinese Writer
 <mask>'s Hints & Tips on Voice Training for budding DJs. NOTE: Links that lead to RTHK's Program archives are valid for one year from the date of Broadcast, after which might be removed by RTHK.(They may be available elsewhere as .MP3s with adverts removed). Hong Kong radio personalities
1973 births
Living people

masks:
Jacqueline Pang
Pang Ka
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Pang
Jacqueline Pang
Pang
Jacqueline Pang
Jacqueline Pan
Jacqueline Pan
Jacqueline Pang