texts:
<mask> FRIBA (1869–1947) was a 19th/20th century British architect, mainly working in Scotland. He was affectionately known as Tarrybreeks. In later life he went into partnership with Sir Matthew Ochterlony to create Tarbolton & Ochterlony. He was involved in electricity schemes from at least 1902, and ended his career overseeing several hydro-electric schemes in Scotland. Life

He was born in Nottingham in 1869, the son of <mask>, a civil engineer, and his wife, E. M. Stanfield. The family moved around and he was mainly educated at Chigwell in Essex. He was articled to train as an architect with George Thomas Hine around 1885.After training he joined the office of Gerald Horsley in London. Here he was able to also study at the Royal Academy Schools from 1893 to 1895. He appears to have also spent some time during the same period at the University of Bonn in Germany. In 1895 he set up practice at 7 Frederick Street in Edinburgh with Sydney Tugwell who had worked with him in London. The partnership ended by 1897 and he then was asked to join the office at John Kinross to help with work at Manderston House. In 1900 he moved residence to 39 Northumberland Street in Edinburgh's Second New Town. In 1907 he replaced Henderson in the firm of Henderson & Hay.He was elected RIBA in 1904. He was a Governor of the Edinburgh School of Art and of Heriot-Watt College. In 1923 he employed Lawrence Harrower Smart to represent the firm as job architect on site for Bermuda Cathedral. In 1926 the Edinburgh office relocated to 4 St Colme Street on the Moray Estate in the west end of the city. In 1932 he merged with his former junior colleague Matthew Ochterlony to create Tarbolton & Ochterlony. However, he appears to have had joint projects from 1924 onwards. In 1938 he succeeded George Washington Browne as Royal Fine Art Commissioner,  a role he served until death.He was consulting architect to both St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth and Oban Cathedral. In 1944 Tarbolton & Ochterlony became architectural advisors to the Scottish Hydro Electric Board. They created the schemes for Loch Sloy, Pitlochry, Loch Faskally and Tummel-Garry. Ochterlony died before the schemes were begun. Tarbolton saw the schemes built but did not live to their being commissioned. He died of a cerebral thrombosis at his home, 3 East Castle Road in the Merchiston district of Edinburgh on 31 July 1947. Family
On 9 February 1897 at St John's Episcopal Church, Edinburgh, he married Beatrice Dudgeon Gulland (d.1943), second daughter of Charles Gulland of Millfield, Falkland in central Fife.Principal Works
St Peter's Episcopal Church, Torry near Aberdeen (1897)
Extension to the British Linen Bank in Falkland, Fife.

masks:
Harold Ogle Tarbolton
Marriot Tarbolton


type: original

texts:
<mask>  (born 25 June 1967 in Brisbane, Queensland) is an Australian newsreader, Walkley Award winning journalist and advocate. She is known for her association with Network Ten as a newsreader in the 1990s and 2000s when she co-hosted Ten Eyewitness News in Brisbane, Queensland. She later went on to work with Sky News Australia as a reporter and presenter from 2007 to 2015. In May 2017 Spicer released her autobiography, The Good Girl Stripped Bare. She was appointed as a Member of the Order of Australia "For significant service to the broadcast media as a journalist and television presenter, and as an ambassador for social welfare and charitable groups". Education

From 1980 to 1984, Spicer attended the private Soubirous and Frawley Colleges in bayside Scarborough, 30 kilometres north of Brisbane. In 1987, Spicer graduated from the Queensland Institute of Technology with a Bachelor of Business (Communications) with a major in journalism.Career

Spicer began her career at Macquarie National News providing reports to the Brisbane station 4BH, before moving to Melbourne radio station 3AW as morning news editor. Spicer moved on to television: first for the rural network, Southern Cross Television, and the Nine Network. The Network Ten station in Melbourne later hired Spicer as a local correspondent and then co-host of the First at Five News in Brisbane (with Glenn Taylor and Geoff Mullins). In 1995 she moved to Sydney to present the National Weekend News bulletins, and late night news until it was taken off air in 2005. Spicer remained with Network Ten until the end of 2006. In late 2006, after 14 years with the network, Spicer was dismissed after returning from maternity leave when her second child was two months old. In a 10-page letter of demand served to Network Ten, Spicer claimed she had been discriminated against since giving birth to her first child in 2004.The case garnered attention in the media, with speculation she was fired because of her age; Network Ten strongly denied allegations of discrimination and said it was related to ongoing restructuring of the news division and related cost efficiencies. Spicer threatened to take the case to the Federal Court, but eventually settled with the network. She signed off for the final time on New Year's Eve 2006, beginning work with Sky News Australia four days later. Spicer worked as a Sky news presenter until leaving in 2015. Spicer has hosted the Ethnic Business Awards, which is a national business award that highlights and celebrates migrant and Indigenous excellence in business, for 11 years in a row (2008-2018). Spicer writes the Mama Holiday column for Traveller Magazine’s Sunday edition, focusing on family holidays. Spicer was previously a weekly op ed columnist with Wendy Harmer’s The Hoopla from 2011 to 2015 and travel writer and ambassador for Holiday with Kids Magazine from 2009 to 2014.She was a columnist with the Daily Telegraph newspaper. Since August 2015, Spicer has been an occasional contributor to ABC TV’s The Drum and currently works as a freelance writer, speaker, media trainer and broadcaster through her two media companies, Spicer Communications and Outspoken Women. Spicer produced a documentary for the World Wildlife Fund, World Vision and other non-government organisations about the plight of women in Bangladesh, Kenya, Uganda, Papua New Guinea, and India. In 2018 Spicer, Lorna Knowles, Kate McClymont, Alison Branley and Joanne Puccini were nominated for a Mid-Year Walkley Award in the Women’s Leadership in Media division for their joint investigation of Don Burke. Advocacy and views

Spicer is an ambassador for World Vision, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), the Queensland University of Technology's Learning Potential Fund and the Penguin Foundation, and Patron of the NSW Cancer Council, the newborn care unit at the Royal Hospital for Women, the Life's Little Treasures Foundation and the National Premmie Foundation. She is also an Ambassador for Dying with Dignity, and is the face of the Garvan Institute of Medical Research’s research into pancreatic cancer, the disease responsible for her mother's death. In January 2011, Spicer interviewed anti-vaccination campaigner, Meryl Dorey (Australian Vaccination Network now Australian Vaccination-Skeptics Network) on 2UE.Citing an editorial in the British Medical Journal which confirmed there was now ‘clear evidence’ that the now discredited research linking autism with the MMR vaccine, undertaken by Andrew Wakefield, was conducted unethically and based on falsified data, Spicer asked Dorey to concede the AVN's "scare campaign" was based on "fraudulent and misleading information". When Dorey tried to direct listeners to her AVN website, Spicer ended the interview prematurely by terminating the call.. And in December 2011, in an article for the Daily Telegraph, Spicer became a public advocate for childhood vaccination when she wrote of her frustration with the growing anti-vaccination lobby. In a 2010 Daily Telegraph article, Spicer urged politicians to approve the use of "medical marijuana". In June 2014, Spicer delivered a TEDx talk for Southbank Women in Brisbane, Queensland. In 2015, Spicer featured in a short documentary, Let’s Talk About Breasts. In 2015, she became an ambassador for KidsMatter, an Australian mental health and wellbeing initiative focused on primary schools and early childhood. Spicer hosted KidsMatters's Starting School videos.In the same year, she was appointed as ambassador for Autism Spectrum Australia. In May 2017, Spicer addressed the Sydney Institute on the topic “Ways Forward for Women in the Workplace”. In her speech, Spicer argued quotas and targets are insufficient to address gender inequity in the workplace. Spicer was the MC for the 2017 International Women's Day Events in Brisbane. In October 2017 after the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse allegations made news, Spicer announced that she was investigating powerful Australian men in the media.. She became a vocal #MeToo campaigner on Twitter and encouraged people involved in the Australian entertainment industry to share their stories of sexual harassment in the workplace. The ABC's investigative unit joined Spicer and she created a co-production with Fairfax Media. "These organisations have the most robust resources to uncover the structures protecting the guilty and punishing the innocent."Spicer, Kate McClymont, Lorna Knowles and Alison Branley, won the 2018 Walkley Awards in the print/text journalism and Television/Video Current Affairs Short (less than 20 minutes) categories, for their investigation into Don Burke, who was the first to be exposed by the company. On Australia Day in 2018 she was appointed as a Member of the Order of Australia "for significant service to the broadcast media as a journalist and television presenter, and as an ambassador for social welfare and charitable groups". Spicer reflected, "While conditions have improved in the TV business since I initiated legal action against Network Ten, more subtle forms of pregnancy discrimination permeate many workplaces. So, while we have policies and procedures in place, there remains a rump of cultural resistance to the idea of 'working mothers'. Together with Melinda Schneider, Spicer launched NOW Australia on 25 March 2018. NOW Australia is "a service to help those who've been sexually harassed, assaulted or intimidated at work". A month long crowd funding campaign was launched on the same day.NOW Australia has enlisted thirty Australian celebrities including Tina Arena, Deborah Mailman, Abby Earl and Missy Higgins to act as ambassadors. Controversy

In 2019, she was accused of breaching the privacy of #MeToo victims by failing to redact the names and identities of victims who had come forward during the filming of her #MeToo TV series Silent No More. The controversy further intensified when Spicer's lawyer sent defamation warning letters to those who spoke out online about these privacy breach concerns. Writing

On 1 May 2017, Spicer released her autobiography,The Good Girl Stripped Bare, published by ABC Books and Harper Collins, described as ‘part memoir and part manifesto’. In 2016 Spicer contributed to the report, “Mates over Merit”, a study of gender differences in the Australian media. Spicer’s contribution to the design, analysis and promotion of the WiM survey were recognised by the Walkley Foundation as one of three achievements supporting her nomination for the Walkley’s Women’s Leadership in Media award. Spicer has contributed stories to the books Unbreakable by Jane Caro and Father Figures by Paul Connolly.<mask> <mask> appeared in 3 events at the 2017 Brisbane Writers Festival in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Awards

Spicer was named the 2016 QUT Alumni Service Award Winner, in recognition of her advocacy for the QUT Learning Potential Fund, which provides scholarships to students whose financial circumstances might prevent them from pursuing higher education. Spicer also sits on the judging panel of The Caroline Jones Women in Media Young Journalists Award. On Australia Day in 2018 she was appointed as a Member of the Order of Australia "For significant service to the broadcast media as a journalist and television presenter, and as an ambassador for social welfare and charitable groups." In October 2018 Spicer was named winner in the social enterprise and not-for-profit category of The Australian Financial Review 100 Women of Influence awards. On 22 November 2018 Spicer won the Walkely awards in the print/text journalism and television/video current affairs short (less than 20 minutes) categories, with Kate McClymont, Lorna Knowles and Alison Branley for their investigation into Don Burke. 2019 New South Wales Woman of the Year in recognition of her "contribution across NSW to industry, communities and society."2019 Sydney Peace Prize awarded to the #MeToo movement to be accepted by Spicer and Tarana Burke on 14 November 2019. Personal life

Spicer is married and has two children. References

External links
 traceyspicer.com.au

1967 births
10 News First presenters
Living people
Australian freelance journalists
Australian television journalists
Walkley Award winners
People from Brisbane
Queensland University of Technology alumni
Sky News Australia reporters and presenters
Members of the Order of Australia

masks:
Tracey Leigh Spicer
Tracey
Spicer


texts:
<mask>, also known as Viscountess Ridley (born April 1958), is a British academic who is Professor of Visual Neuroscience and Dean of Advancement at Newcastle University. Her research involves the study of the interaction between colour and light, and how these are interpreted by the human brain. Career
Her educational background within physics, medicine and neuroscience led to her appointment as a lecturer at Newcastle University in 1991, later becoming Professor of Visual Neuroscience. In 2003 <mask> was acting Head of the Division of Psychology, Brain and Behaviour (Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering) and then interim Head in 2007. She was involved in development of the new School of Psychology in the University's Faculty of Medical Sciences. In 2004 she was co-founder with Colin Ingram of the Institute of Neuroscience and its co-director until 2014. In 2012 she was involved in founding the Centre for Translational Systems Neuroscience at the University, part-funded by the Wellcome Trust.<mask> is now its Director as well as Dean of Advancement at Newcastle University. The focus of her research is on human visual perception, specifically how brains create and stabilise colour so that people see colours, often in different ways. This makes use of physics, psychology and neurobiology and she has developed technologies and algorithms to investigate colour constancy and perception. Her research has been applied in several very different areas including some medical conditions, artwork and exhibitions and also quality control of food. Her research group has also studied differing colour preferences among young men and women. <mask> and colleagues participated in discussion about the science behind the 2015 social media event #the dress where people disagreed on whether it was black and royal blue, or white and gold in colour. The Newcastle scientists considered it from the aspect of individual perception of colour constancy.Awards and honours
<mask> is a member of the Scientific Consultative Group, National Gallery, London and was the scientist trustee of the gallery from 2010 until 2018. She is a member of the Optoelectronics Committee of the Rank Prize Funds. She is a member of the Advisory Board of Current Biology, the Editorial Board of Journal of Vision, and the Board of Directors, the Vision Sciences Society. She is a member of the Advisory Board to the GestaltReVision Methusalem Programme, held by Johan Wagemans at KU Leuven in Belgium. In 2020 she was the guest in an episode of The Life Scientific on BBC Radio 4. Early and personal life
Hurlbert was interested in science from a young age and was supported by her family. As a teenager she was interested in both mathematics and the brain.She studied at Princeton University, graduating in 1980 with a bachelor's degree in Physics. In 1982 she was awarded a Marshall scholarship and took a Part III Diploma in Theoretical Physics followed by an MA in physiology at Cambridge University. She was awarded a doctorate from MIT in 1989 in the area of brain and cognitive sciences and the following year gained an MD from Harvard Medical School. She then moved back to the UK and held a Wellcome Trust Vision Research Fellowship at Oxford University working with Andrew Parker. <mask> is married to Matt Ridley and they have two children. Selected Publications

Papers, Commentaries, and Articles

 <mask> A. (2019) Challenges to Color Constancy in a Contemporary Light.Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 30 186-193. Crichton S, Shrestha L, <mask> A, Sturm B. (2018) Use of hyperspectral imaging for the prediction of moisture content and chromaticity of raw and pretreated apple slices during convection drying. Drying Technology 36 804-816. Aston S, <mask> A. (2017) What #theDress reveals about the role of illumination priors in color perception and color constancy. Journal of Vision 17(9).Brainard, David H and <mask>, <mask>. (2015) Colour Vision: Understanding #TheDress. Current Biology 25 (13):R551-4. Mackiewicz M, Finlayson GD, <mask> AC. (2015) Color Correction Using Root-Polynomial Regression. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 24(5), 1460-1470. Brainard DH, <mask> AC. (2015) Colour Vision: Understanding #TheDress.Current Biology 25(13), R551-R554. Aspell JE, Tanskanen T, <mask> AC. (2005) Neuromagnetic correlates of visual motion coherence. European Journal of Neuroscience  22(11), 2937-2945. <mask>, A.C.  (2007) Quick Guide: Colour Constancy. Current Biology 17 (21): R906-907. Hurlbert A.(2001) Trading faces. Nature Neuroscience 4(1), 3-5. Bloj MG, Kersten D, <mask> AC. (1999)  Perception of three-dimensional shape influences colour perception through mutual illumination. Nature 402:877-879. <mask> A. (1998)  Illusions and reality-checking on the small screen.Perception 27:633-636. <mask> A. (1997)  Primer:  Colour vision. Current Biology 7(7):R400-R402. <mask> AC. (1996)  Colour vision:  Putting it in context. Current Biology 6(11):1381-1384.<mask> AC. (1991)  Visual perception:  Deciphering the colour code. Nature 349:191-193. <mask> A. (1986) Formal connections between lightness algorithms. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 3:1684-1693. <mask> A, Poggio T.  (1986) Do computers need attention?Nature 321(6071):651-652. Book Chapters

 <mask>, <mask> (2021). Colour and Vision. In Vision, Darwin College Lecture Series 2019. Cambridge University Press. <mask>, A. and Owen, K. A. (2015).Biological, cultural, and developmental influences on color preference. In  Handbook of Color Psychology, Andrew J. Elliot and Mark D. Fairchild, Editors, Cambridge University Press. Pp 454-480. <mask>, A. C. (2013). The Perceptual Quality of Colour. In The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Experimental Phenomenology : Visual Perception of Shape, Space and Appearance. Ed: L. Albertazzi.pp 369-394. <mask> A. (2004)  Optical Illusions. In:  Brown Th G, Creath K, Kogelnik  H, Kriss MA, Schmit J, Weber MJ (eds). The Optics Encyclopedia. Volume 3. Wiley-VCH.Hurlbert AC. (1998)  Computational models of colour constancy. In:  Walsh V, Kulikowski J (eds). Perceptual Constancy:  Why things look as they do. Cambridge University Press. pp 283-321. <mask> A, Poggio T.  (1988) Making machines (and artificial intelligence) see.Daedalus, Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences :   Winter. (Re-published as “The Artificial Intelligence Debate”, MIT Press, Cambridge)

References

1958 births
Vision scientists
Neuroscientists
Living people
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
Academics of Newcastle University
Ridley
Princeton University alumni
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Harvard Medical School alumni

masks:
Anya Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Anya C
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Anya
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert
Hurlbert


texts:
<mask> (c. 815 – 16 December 867) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, or Eberard; in Latinized fashion, Everardus, Eberardus, or <mask>us. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus". He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar. Family
<mask> was from an illustrious Frankish family, though his parentage is debated. His marriage to the daughter of Emperor Louis the Pious cemented his eminent position at the Frankish court.Children (with Gisela, daughter of Louis the Pious)
 <mask> (c. 837 – 840)
 Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), possibly married Henry, Margrave of the Franks
 Unruoch III (c. 840 – 874)
 Bèrenger (c. 845 – 924), King of Italy
 Adélard (d. 874)
 Rudolf (d. 892)
 Heilwise (b. 860)
 Gisèle (d. 863)
 Judith of Friuli (died ca. 881), first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre. Disputed parentage
Paternity theories
His father was Unruoch II. "His father was Berengar, the son of Count Unroch." "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul." "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne.""His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor." Maternity theories
His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris. "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards." Education
Although a layman, <mask> was not only literate but possessed an extensive library, which is detailed in his will. He acted as a patron for the theologian and heretic Gottshalk of Orbais. Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis the Pious
As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, <mask> took part in numerous military expeditions. Named Duke of Friuli and Count or Marquis de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive them from the peninsula—825-830.He rendered service unto Louis the Pious that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most undignified treatment, Count <mask> remained inviolably loyal. He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his counsel in 839 that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father. Marriage and life at Cysoing
In return for his services, the emperor Louis the Pious gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage. Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue, was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith. Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers. The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences. Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul. Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him thus attaining martyrdom. Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing therefore had a church, or less a chapel that was without doubt the same chapel as the royal fisc. Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire. They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths.The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir. After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were re-interred in the Abbey at Cysoing. Character
<mask> organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle.He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace.His private virtues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modesty and humility, to avoid splendor and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Also, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, his devotion to the saints, and his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act. Pacifier
<mask>'s activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domains and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis the German and Charles the Bald. <mask> strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end.After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun. Wars with the Saracens
The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens".These Saracens had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Benevento and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his position as Duke of Friuli, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens. "Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself." Testament and death
Sometime after this solemnity, <mask> returned to Italy.We find him in 858 among the ambassadors whom the emperor Louis the Younger, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis the German. After this date, we know nothing more about <mask> until his testament or will, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of <mask>. This will was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. <mask> and his consort meticulously recorded not only their lands and possessions within a prepared will, but the identities and relationships of family members and neighboring royals. With the agreement of his spouse, Gisèle, <mask> portioned his goods among his seven children. The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. The second, Berengar, got Annappes with its dependencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye, of and in the Condroz.The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing. The three daughters of <mask>, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. <mask> had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chapel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 24th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis the Younger.<mask> died the same year, 16 December. Canonisation
<mask> was later canonised as a saint, and his feast day is on 16 December. References

Notes

External links
Translation of <mask> and Gisela's will into English (pdf)
Catholic.org (English)
 www.amdg.be (French)
 Medieval Lands Project on <mask>, Duke of the March of Friulia

Saints of the Carolingian Empire
Roman Catholic royal saints
Unruoching dynasty
810s births
866 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Margraves of Friuli

masks: Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard Eberhard


texts:
<mask> (December 8, 1863 – January 13, 1924) was a controversial American physician, well known during his life for inventing machines, such as the "Oscilloclast" and the "Radioclast", which he falsely claimed could diagnose and cure almost any disease. These claims were challenged from the outset. Towards the end of his life, and again shortly after his death, many of his machines and conclusions were demonstrated to be intentionally deceptive or false. Biography
<mask> was born in San Francisco December 8, 1863, although other dates have also been reported. On October 8, 1878, he inscribed at Medical College of the Pacific, worked as an assistant of Prof. Douglass and Prof. Hirschfelder, and got a medical degree on October 30, 1881. Then he went to Heidelberg, Germany, and graduated there in November 1882

before undertaking further studies in London, Berlin, Vienna, and Paris. According to Wilson, <mask> was awarded an M.D.by the Cooper College in 1883. He served on the teaching staff of the College for a total of fourteen years: five years (1885–1889) as Demonstrator of Pathology; four years (1890–1893) as Adjunct to the Chair of Clinical Medicine and Demonstrator of Pathology; and five years (1894–1898) as Professor of Pathology. He was elected vice-president of the California State Medical Society in 1889 and was made president of the San Francisco Medico-Chirurgical Society in 1893. In the beginning of the 1900s he had become a respected expert in neurology. From 1904 he was president of the Emanuel Polyclinic in San Francisco. <mask> published numerous books from 1891 to 1923. He died January 13, 1924, from a broncho-pneumonia in San Francisco.Practice

Heidelberg doctorate claim
<mask> was accused of fraudulently claiming a medical qualification from the University of Heidelberg; However documents from Archive of University Heidelberg confirm that <mask> received a medical degree there on 21 November 1882. In <mask>' view, American medicine was dominated by physicians with excessive admiration for German doctors and researchers. In earlier writings, he insulted physicians by calling them "Dr. Hades" or "Dr. Inferior", by comparing their looks to typhoid and other germs, and by making fun of various abstruse therapies that at the time were considered "scientific" by the medical establishment. In a poem that he wrote on balloon therapy, for instance, the doctors take their patients up in the air but do not know how to bring the balloon down again. The poem ends with the lines: But they never came back. That's why we confess / Aëronautic therapy is not a success.Spondylotherapy
<mask> developed a medical technique called spondylotherapy, which was inspired by chiropractic and osteopathic ideas. The basic principle is the stimulation of nerves originating from the spinal cord, which can trigger reflex actions on viscera or inner organs. The stimulation is performed by controlled concussion with a plexor / pleximeter combination directly on the spinous processes, by sinusoidal electric currents or by application of ice. <mask> published the book Spondylotherapy in several editions between 1910 and 1918. A simplified version of spondylotherapy was first published by Alva Emeey Gregory, M.D. in 1914. Electronic Reactions of <mask>

Abrams promoted an idea that electrons were the basic element of all life.He called this ERA, for Electronic Reactions of Abrams, and introduced a number of different machines which he claimed were based on these principles. The machines
The Dynomizer looked something like a radio, and <mask> claimed it could diagnose any known disease from a single drop of blood or alternatively the subject's handwriting. He performed diagnoses on dried blood samples sent to him on pieces of paper in envelopes through the mail. Apparently <mask> even claimed he could conduct medical practice over the telephone with his machines, and that he could determine personality characteristics. The Dynomizer was big business; by 1918, courses in spondylotherapy and ERA cost $200 (about the same purchasing power as $3,150 in 2014); equipment was leased at about $200 with a monthly $5 charge thereafter. The lessee had to sign a contract stating the device would never be opened. <mask> explained that this would disrupt their delicate adjustment, but the rule also served to prevent the <mask> devices from being examined.He then widened his claims to treating the diagnosed diseases. <mask> came up with new and even more impressive gadgets, the "Oscilloclast" and the "Radioclast", which came with tables of frequencies that were designed to "attack" specific diseases. Clients were told cures required repeated treatments. Dynomizer operators tended to give alarming diagnoses, involving combinations of such maladies as cancer, diabetes and syphilis. <mask> often included a disease called "bovine syphilis," unknown to other medical practitioners. He claimed the Oscilloclast was capable of defeating most of these diseases, most of the time. By 1921, there were claimed to be 3,500 practitioners using ERA technology.Conventional medical practitioners were extremely suspicious. In the 1970s, Bob DeVries, a product designer for Hewlett-Packard, had a chance to repair an old Oscilloclast (1934). It was owned by a lady, whose father had been a president of Abrams' Electronic Medical Foundation and improver of their devices; she had several such devices and believed that electric therapy to be beneficial, from her own experience. DeVries not only restored the old oscilloclast to working order, but also developed a transistorized version for his client, which they called a "Pulsed Oscillator". Investigation
The dispute between <mask> and his followers and the American Medical Association (AMA) was intensified. Defenders included American radical author Upton Sinclair and the famously credulous Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes. Resolution of the dispute through the intervention of a scientifically respected third party was pursued.Scientific American magazine decided to investigate Dr. <mask>' claims. Scientific American was interested in the matter as readers were writing letters to the editor saying that <mask>' revolutionary machines were one of the greatest inventions of the century and so needed to be discussed in the pages of the magazine. Scientific American assembled a team of investigators who worked with a senior <mask> associate given the pseudonym "Doctor X". The investigators developed a series of tests and the magazine asked readers to suggest their own tests. The investigators asked Doctor X to identify six vials containing unknown pathogens. It seems likely that Doctor X honestly believed in his Abrams machines; in fact, he allowed the Scientific American investigators to observe his procedure. Doctor X got the contents of all six vials completely wrong.He examined the vials and pointed out that they had labels in red ink, which produced vibrations that confounded the instruments. The investigators gave him the vials again with less offensive labels, and he got the contents wrong again. The results were published in Scientific American, and investigators continued their work. <mask> offered to "cooperate" with the investigators, but always failed to do so on various pretexts. <mask> never actually participated in the investigation, and in ERA publications asserted he was a victim of unjust persecution. Debunking
An AMA member claimed to have sent a blood sample to an <mask> practitioner, and got back a diagnosis that the patient had malaria, diabetes, cancer and syphilis. The AMA member then claimed the blood sample was in fact from a Plymouth Rock rooster.The AMA member failed to document or provide witnesses for this claim. Similar samples were sent to other <mask> practitioners, and a few found themselves facing fraud charges in court. In a case in Jonesboro, Arkansas, <mask> was called to be a witness, but he died of pneumonia at age 60 shortly before the trial began in January 1924. After his death, investigators with the Food and Drug Administration opened some of the doctor's boxes. One produced a magnetic field, similar to a doorbell; another was a low-powered radio wave transmitter. Psychologist Donovan Rawcliffe claimed that <mask>' devices had no scientific validity but his successors had "founded a good many special clinics in the United States and their number has by no means diminished in the ensuing years." Selected publications
<mask>, <mask> (1895).Transactions of the Antiseptic Club. New York: E. B. Treat. [A fictional comedic work on the state of the medical profession]

See also
 Cults of Unreason by Christopher Evans
 Elizabeth Holmes
 Health fraud
 Royal Raymond Rife

Notes

References
 Fishbein, M., The Medical Follies: An Analysis of the Foibles of Some Healing Cults, including Osteopathy, Homeopathy, Chiropractic, and the Electronic Reactions of <mask>, with Essays on the Anti-Vivisectionists, Health Legislation, Physical Culture, Birth Control, and Rejuvenation, Boni & Liveright, (New York), 1925. Hale, A.R., [http://www.soilandhealth.org/03sov/0303critic/030315cults/cults-toc.htm  "These Cults"]: An Analysis of the Foibles of Dr. Morris Fishbein's "Medical Follies" and an Indictment of Medical Practice in General, with a Non-Partisan Presentation of the Case for the Drugless Schools of Healing, Comprising Essays on Homeopathy, Osteopathy, Chiropractic, The Abrams Method, Vivisection, Physical Culture, Christian Science, Medical Publicity, The Cost of Hospitalization and State Medicine, National Health Foundation, (New York), 1926. Further reading
 The Work of Dr. <mask>. A four-part article series in the journal Mind and Matter: March, June, September and December 1966.External links
 The Medical Messiahs, chapter 7 – James Harvey Young, PhD
 The Radionic Association
 Radionics: A Patient Survey by Tom Lafferty
 Radionics in the Skeptic's Dictionary
 The Radionics Healing Guide

1863 births
1924 deaths
19th-century American physicians
Crimes in California
Health fraud
Radionic practitioners
Medical controversies in the United States

masks:
Albert Abrams
Albert Abrams
Abrams
Abrams
Abrams
Albert Abrams
Abrams
Abrams
Abrams
Abrams
Abrams
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Abrams
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Albert
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Albert Abrams


texts:
Louis A<mask> (January 1, 1942 – July 29, 2014) was a Maine author. Writing under the name L.A<mask>, he was best known for his young-adult historical series The Jacky Faber Adventures, also known as the Bloody Jack series. He also wrote two children's picture books and was a painter. He and his wife owned an art gallery called Clair de Loon in Bar Harbor. Personal life
L.A<mask> was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania and spent most of his career in Corea, Maine. His father was an Officer in the U.S. army, so he spent much of his childhood moving around with his family. He attended 12 different schools before graduating high school in Fort Myers, Florida.After finishing university at the University of Florida, in Gainesville, <mask> earned a B.A. in English literature. Later he enlisted in the U.S. Navy for 4 years. While in the Navy, he married his college sweetheart, Annetje Lawrence (in 1966). They had two sons, Matthew and Nathaniel. Like their father, both men are painters and teachers. Annetje  was also a teacher before dedicating herself to the family's businesses and researching historical points for her husband's novels.Since 1984, he and his wife owned an art gallery called Clair de Loon in Bar Harbor, where they sold matted and framed prints of his artwork. Clair de Loon closed in November 2013 due to <mask>'s illness. Biography
<mask> grew up on U.S. Army bases in Germany and the American east coast, attended high school in Pennsylvania and Florida, college in Florida, and then hitchhiked through Mexico and the American Southwest before joining the military. During the Vietnam War <mask> joined the U.S. Navy, stating in interviews that he joined the Navy to avoid death in a foxhole. He became an officer after four months, and was assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet. He saw no combat during his tour of duty, which included ports of call in Italy, France, Spain, and Malta. <mask> received a Bachelor of Arts degree in English literature from the University of Florida in 1964.He took graduate art courses at Columbia University in 1970 and received an MFA in Painting in 1973 at Boston University's Master of Fine Arts program. Before graduating from Boston University, <mask> had already written two children's picture books for Little, Brown and Company. He also worked as a floor sweeper, social worker, and high school art teacher. <mask> died due to complications caused by Hodgkin's lymphoma on July 29, 2014, in Ellsworth, Maine. Jacky Faber books
<mask> invented the idea for the character of Jacky Faber while listening to British and Celtic folk music on a local community radio station in his workshop. <mask> describes the moment on his website:
...the host of the program plays a long string of early nineteenth century songs that feature young girls dressing up as boys and following their boyfriends out to sea, the most well known of these being Jackaroe and Cana-di-i-o. These songs generally end up with the girl being found out quickly and threatened with being thrown overboard, but all ends happily when she either marries the boy or the captain.It occurred to me, however, to wonder what it would be like if the girl, instead of seeking to be with her lover, connives to get on board a British warship in order to just eat regularly and have a place to stay, her being a starving orphan on the streets of early 1800s London. What would she have to do to pull off this deception for a long period of time? What if she goes through the changes of adolescence while on board in the company of 408 rather rough men and boys, and her not having much of a clue as to what is happening to her? What if this ship goes into combat and she has to do her dangerous duty? And, finally, what if she falls in love with one of the boys and can never tell him of her female nature? I started making notes and seven months later Bloody Jack was done. <mask> stated in several fan interviews that the final book in the series would be titled She Will Play the Wild Rover No More, a name adapted from a line in the folk ballad "The Wild Rover", and hinted that the book was already completed and "deep in a vault," though he further stated that he did not know how many more books would be in the series.In August 2013, <mask> announced the publication of the final installment under the slightly altered title Wild Rover No More. The book was published posthumously in November 2014. Being an Account of the Further Adventures of Jacky Faber Over the Hills and Far Away (2012)
 Boston Jacky: Being an Account of the Further Adventures of Jacky Faber, Taking Care of Business (2013)
 Wild Rover No More: Being the Last Recorded Account of the Life and Times of Jacky Faber (2014)

References

External links
 Photograph of L.A<mask> circa 2002
 Female Warrior Folk Ballads, list of traditional songs and chanteys featuring women who went to sea as men

1942 births
2014 deaths
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American male novelists
University of Florida alumni
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
People from Johnstown, Pennsylvania
People from Hancock County, Maine

masks:
. Meyer
. Meyer
. Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
Meyer
. Meyer


texts:
<mask> (born July 7, 1968) is an American author, editor, and literary critic. Initially associated with the New Weird literary genre, <mask> crossed over into mainstream success with his bestselling Southern Reach Trilogy. The trilogy's first novel, Annihilation, won the Nebula and Shirley Jackson Awards, and was adapted into a Hollywood film by director Alex Garland. Among <mask>'s other novels are Shriek: An Afterword and Borne. He has also edited with his wife Ann VanderMeer such influential and award-winning anthologies as The New Weird, The Weird, and The Big Book of Science Fiction. <mask> has been called "one of the most remarkable practitioners of the literary fantastic in America today," with The New Yorker naming him the "King of Weird Fiction". <mask>'s fiction is noted for eluding genre classifications even as his works bring in themes and elements from genres such as postmodernism, ecofiction, the New Weird and post-apocalyptic fiction.<mask>'s writing has been described as "evocative" and containing "intellectual observations both profound and disturbing," and has been compared with the works of Jorge Luis Borges, Franz Kafka, and Henry David Thoreau. Personal life

<mask> was born in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania in 1968, and spent much of his childhood in the Fiji Islands, where his parents worked for the Peace Corps. After returning to the United States, he spent time in Ithaca, New York, and Gainesville, Florida. He attended the University of Florida for three years and, in 1992, took part in the Clarion Writers Workshop. When VanderMeer was 20, he read Angela Carter's novel The Infernal Desire Machines of Doctor Hoffman, which he has said "blew the back of my head off, rewired my brain: I had never encountered prose like that before, never such passion and boldness on the page." Carter's fiction inspired VanderMeer to both improve and be fearless with his own writing. In 2003, <mask> married Ann Kennedy, then editor for the small Buzzcity Press and magazine the Silver Web.They have two cats. One is named Neo. Writing

Early career

<mask> began writing in the late 1980s while still in high school and quickly became a prolific contributor to small-press magazines. During this time <mask> wrote a number of horror and fantasy short stories, some of which were collected in his 1989 self-published book The Book of Frog and in the 1996 collection The Book of Lost Places. He also wrote poetry—his poem "Flight Is for Those Who Have Not Yet Crossed Over" was a co-winner of the 1994 Rhysling Award—and edited two issues of the self-published zine Jabberwocky. One of <mask>'s early successes was his 2001 short-story collection City of Saints and Madmen, set in the imaginary city of Ambergris. Several of <mask>'s novels were subsequently set in the same place, including Shriek: An Afterword (2006) and Finch (2009), the latter of which was a finalist for the Nebula Award for Best Novel.In 2000, his novella The Transformation of Martin Lake won the World Fantasy Award. <mask> has also worked in other media, including on a movie based on his novel Shriek that featured an original soundtrack by rock band The Church. The band Murder By Death likewise recorded a soundtrack for Finch, which was released alongside a limited edition of the book. <mask> also wrote a Predator tie-in novel for Dark Horse Comics called Predator: South China Seas and worked with animator Joel Veitch on a Play Station Europe animation of his story "A New Face in Hell". The Southern Reach Trilogy

In 2014, Farrar, Straus and Giroux published VanderMeer's Southern Reach Trilogy, consisting of the novels Annihilation, Authority, and Acceptance. The story focuses on a secret agency that manages expeditions into a location known as Area X. The area is an uninhabited and abandoned part of the United States that nature has begun to reclaim after a mysterious world-changing event.<mask> has said that the main inspiration for Area X and the series was his hike through St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge. The Other Side of the Mountain by Michel Bernanos is among the books <mask> has cited as also having had an influence. The trilogy was released in quick succession over an 8-month period, in what has been called an innovative "Netflix-inspired strategy." The strategy helped the second and third books reach the New York Times Bestseller list, and established <mask> as "one of the most forward-thinking authors of the decade." The series ended up being highly honored, with Annihilation winning the Nebula and Shirley Jackson Awards for Best Novel. The entire trilogy was also named a finalist for the 2015 World Fantasy Award and the 2016 Kurd-Laßwitz-Preis. Annihilation was also adapted into a film of the same name by writer-director Alex Garland.The film stars Natalie Portman, Gina Rodriguez, Tessa Thompson, Jennifer Jason Leigh, and Oscar Isaac. Recent work

In 2017 VanderMeer released Borne, a "biotech apocalypse" novel about a scavenger named Rachel trying to survive both a city "plunged into a primordial realm of myth, fable, and fairy tale" and a five-story-tall flying bear named Mord. As with the Southern Reach trilogy, the novel was highly praised, with The Guardian saying, "VanderMeer’s recent work has been Ovidian in its underpinnings, exploring the radical transformation of life forms and the seams between them." Publishers Weekly said the novel reads "like a dispatch from a world lodged somewhere between science fiction, myth, and a video game" and that with Borne Vandermeer has essentially invented a new literary genre, "weird literature." Paramount Pictures has optioned the film rights to Borne. In August 2017 VanderMeer released the novella The Strange Bird: A Borne Story. The stand-alone story is set in the same world as Borne but featuring different characters.Dead Astronauts, a stand-alone short novel set in the Borne universe, was released on  December 3, 2019. <mask>'s upcoming novels include Hummingbird Salamander, which is set ten seconds into the future and deals with "bioterrorism, ecoterrorism, and climate change," and a young adult series called Jonathan Lambshead and the Golden Sphere. He is also working on a story called "The Three," based on the dead astronauts mentioned in Borne, along with another Southern Reach story. Critical reputation

<mask> has been called "one of the most remarkable practitioners of the literary fantastic in America today," with The New Yorker naming him the "King of Weird Fiction." <mask>'s fiction is noted for eluding genre classifications even as his works bring in themes and elements from genres such as postmodernism, ecofiction, the New Weird and post-apocalyptic fiction. <mask>'s fiction has been described as "evocative (with) intellectual observations both profound and disturbing" and "lyrical and harrowing," with his mixing of genres producing "something unique and unsettling." <mask>'s writing has been compared with the works of Jorge Luis Borges, Kafka, and Thoreau.Literary criticism and editing
<mask> is a frequent writer of critical literary reviews and essays, which have appeared in numerous publications including The Atlantic, The Washington Post Book World, Publishers Weekly, and other places. For a number of years he was a regular columnist for the Amazon book-culture blog and has served as a judge for the Eisner Awards, among others. He has been a guest speaker at such diverse events as the Brisbane Writers Festival, Finncon in Helsinki, and the American Library Association annual conference. In 2019, <mask> was a judge for the National Book Award for Fiction. <mask> has also edited a number of anthologies. He won a 2003 World Fantasy Award for Leviathan, Volume Three, a collection of genre-bending stories he edited with Forrest Aguirre. He and Mark Roberts were also finalists for the same award the next year for the anthology The Thackery T. Lambshead Pocket Guide to Eccentric & Discredited Diseases.Most of his recent anthologies have been collaborations with his wife, <mask>, the Hugo-award-winning former editor of Weird Tales. These anthologies include The New Weird, a collection of stories from New Weird authors; Last Drink Bird Head, a charity anthology benefiting literacy; The Weird, a World Fantasy Award winning collection of weird fiction; Time Traveler's Almanac, an anthology of time-travel fiction; Fast Ships, Black Sails, a pirate fiction anthology; and the Locus Award winning The Big Book of Science Fiction. <mask> is the founding editor and publisher of the Ministry of Whimsy Press, which he set up in the late 1980s while still in high school. The press is currently an imprint of Wyrm Publishing. One of the Ministry'''s publications, The Troika by Stepan Chapman, won the Philip K. Dick Award in 1997. Teaching

In addition to editing and writing, VanderMeer has also been involved in teaching creative writing. One of the projects he is involved with is Shared Worlds, an annual two-week program that aims to teach creative writing to teenagers.<mask> has also taught at the Clarion Workshop and at Trinity Prep School. In addition to his teaching, <mask> has also written guides to creative writing such as Wonderbook, which won a BSFA Award, a Locus Award, and was nominated for a Hugo and World Fantasy Award. Awards

<mask> has been nominated for the World Fantasy Award 14 times. He has also won an NEA-funded Florida Individual Writers' Fellowship, and, the Le Cafard Cosmique award in France and the Tähtifantasia Award in Finland, both for City of Saints. He has also been a finalist for the Hugo Award, Bram Stoker Award, International Horror Guild Award, Philip K. Dick Award, and many others. Novels such as Veniss Underground and Shriek: An Afterword have made the year's best lists of Amazon.com, The Austin Chronicle, the San Francisco Chronicle, and Publishers Weekly, among others. Chambers)

 Collections
 The Book of Frog (1989)
 The Book of Lost Places (1996)
 City of Saints and Madmen: The Book of Ambergris (2001)
 City of Saints and Madmen (2002, substantially expanded from the 2001 edition)
 City of Saints and Madmen (2004, expanded from the 2002 edition)
 The Day Dali Died (2003)
 Secret Life (2004)
 Why Should I Cut Your Throat?(non-fiction, 2004)
 VanderMeer 2005 (promotional sampler, 2005)
 Secret Lives (2006)
 The Surgeon's Tale and Other Stories (with Cat Rambo, 2007)
 The Third Bear (2010, Tachyon Publications)
 Area X: The Southern Reach Trilogy: Annihilation; Authority; Acceptance (2014)

Short fiction
 "Mansions of the Moon" (2001) in Nemonymous 1
 "My Report on the Secret Life of Shane Hamill" (2006) in Eidolon I (ed. Jonathan Strahan, Jeremy G. Byrne)
 "Fixing Hanover" (2008) in Extraordinary Engines and reprinted in The Mammoth Book of Steampunk (2012) ed.

masks:
Jeff VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
Ann VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer
VanderMeer


texts:
<mask> (20 June 1868 – 13 April 1957) was a German architect, painter, designer and city planner from Munich. He was a major figure in Jugendstil, the German form of Art Nouveau, and a founder of architecture in the style. A founder member of both the Vereinigte Werkstätte für Kunst im Handwerk (United Workshops for Art in Handcrafts) and the Deutscher Werkbund and the director of art and design institutions in Munich and Cologne, he prized craftsmanship but also pioneered machine production of artistically designed objects. Life and career
Riemerschmid was born in Munich, the sixth of nine children of Eduard Riemerschmid, who headed the Munich distillery founded by his father Anton Riemerschmid, and his wife Amalie. After completing his Abitur at the Wilhelmsgymnasium in 1886 and military service in the army, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich under Gabriel Hackl and Ludwig von Löfftz from 1888 to 1890 and then worked as an independent artist and architect. He began as an Impressionist and Symbolist painter. He produced advertising of various kinds on commission, including series of pictures for albums for the Stollwerck chocolate company of Cologne, one called "The Seasons" (Jahreszeiten) for Album No.4 of 1899. He was a co-founder of the Vereinigte Werkstätten für Kunst im Handwerk (United Workshops for Art in Handcrafts) (1897 or 1898, originally Dresdner Werkstätten für Handwerkskunst, later Deutsche Werkstätten für Handwerkskunst and now Deutsche Werkstätten Hellerau) and the Deutscher Werkbund (1907), which he headed from 1920 to 1926. From 1913 to 1924, he was director of the Munich Kunstgewerbeschule (which merged with the Academy of Fine Arts in 1946), and from 1926 to 1931 was a professor at and the director of the Kölner Werkschulen (an art and design college which was a forerunner of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne). He played an important role in the 1922 German Handcrafts Exhibition in Munich. He published books on art education. Riemerschmid paved the way for the modern artistic handcrafts movement. Influenced by the English Arts and Crafts movement, he created furniture, carpets, fabric and wallpaper designs and glass and porcelain pieces.In all of these his guiding principles were "objective clarity and purpose, solid craftsmanship and the use of simple, inexpensive materials". He created several interior designs, including for the Munich Kammerspiele (1900/01). With Joseph Maria Olbrich and his friend and colleague Bruno Paul, he designed the 30 luxury cabins of the fast ocean liner SS Kronprinzessin Cecilie, launched in 1906, at the time one of the most ambitious and successful German passenger vessels, and he, Paul, and Johann Poppe, house designer for the North German Lloyd Line, were to have co-designed the interiors of the never finished SS Columbus of 1914. The furniture in his 1899 show interiors was praised for its style, for varying the repetitive verticals by adding a diagonal note to the framing of a glass-fronted cabinet and having chairs taper upwards from a broad base, and above all for remaining true to simplicity. He began designing furniture because he could not find what he wanted for his flat after his marriage. In 1903-04 he designed a dinner and coffee service for Meissen porcelain, part of their attempt to incorporate art nouveau designs; it was well received by the critics but did not sell well, although some were also sold through the Workshops. It has been reissued as Blaue Rispe (blue meadow-grass).Riemerschmid designed the site plan, the factory and some of the housing for Hellerau (now part of Dresden), which was the first garden city of the English type to be built in Germany. As an architect, he is known particularly for his houses: his own house in Munich, the Villa Fischel in Kiel, the Fieser villa in Baden-Baden, and the Frank villa in Göttingen and country house in Witzenhausen, and for the uncompleted "Walddorfstraße" workers' housing complex in Hagen, Westphalia, although his major contribution to Jugendstil architecture was his interior for the Munich Schauspielhaus (playhouse; later the Kammerspiele). At the United Workshops in Hellerau, Riemerschmid developed a programme of machine production of art furniture. For example, a chair in his "music room" exhibit at the German Art Exhibition in Dresden in 1899 was so popular, the Workshops immediately placed it in production, it was also being manufactured and sold by Liberty's the next year, and it was widely copied. He subsequently expanded this to the production of house kits. One such house, ordered in 1922 at an exhibition and erected in 1923 in Rodenkirchen near Cologne from 4,000 parts, mostly wood but including tiles and heating stoves, was disassembled and stored in Leverkusen in 1978. In 1984 the State of North Rhine-Westphalia declared it a landmark, and research revealed that it was the only example of the model ever built.A grandchild of the original purchaser had the pieces moved in 2004 to Simbach am Inn, Bavaria and reassembled there at considerable cost, assisted by the Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz (German Foundation for Landmark Protection). In 1895, Riemerschmid married the actress Ida Hofmann. They had four children. In 1910, his sister Frieda became the second wife of Karl Schmidt-Hellerau, the founder of the United Workshops. After the Nazi regime came to power in 1933, Riemerschmid was forced out of the Werkbund, and in 1943 Hitler forbade the award of the Goethe Medal for Art and Science to him as urged by Albert Speer. However, he did receive the medal on 20 July that year. He is buried in the cemetery at Gräfelfing, which he laid out in 1913.His drawings are in the architectural museum at the Technical University Munich and his other papers in the German Art Archive of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg. The Richard-Riemerschmid-Berufskolleg, a vocational school in Cologne, is named for him in memory of his direction of the Kölner Werkschulen. Selected works
 1898-1906: Personal villa in the style of an English cottage, Pasing, Munich. Later extensions: studio and connecting building. Furnishings removed in 2010. 1899: "Music salon" interior, shown at the German Art Exhibition in Dresden
 1900: "The art-lover's room" interior, shown at the Paris Exposition of 1900
 1901: Interior design of the Schauspielhaus (later the Kammerspiele) in Munich (architect: Max Littmann)
 1902–1903: Fieser villa in Baden-Baden
 1904: "Rector's room at the Industrial School in Nuremberg" interior, shown at the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis
 1904–05: Fischel villa in Kiel
 1905: Rudolph villa in Dresden (destroyed)
 1905–06: Sultan villa in Grunewald, Berlin, commissioned in 1904 by Berlin industrialist Adolf Sultan, father of pianist Grete Sultan; demolished 1965. Berlin: Reckendorf, [1917]
 Künstlerische Erziehungsfragen.Flugschriften des Münchner Bundes. 2 vols. Munich: Müller, 1917, 1919

Honours
 1914: Geheimrat, Kingdom of Bavaria
 1924: Geheimer Regierungsrat, Bavaria
 1943: Goethe-Medaille für Kunst und Wissenschaft
 1951: City of Munich architecture prize
 1952: Großes Bundesverdienstkreuz (Commander)
 1952: City of Munich grand prize for art
 1954: Honorary membership in the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich
 1955: Honorary doctorate in engineering, Technische Hochschule Stuttgart, now the University of Stuttgart

References

Sources
 Michaela Rammert-Götz. <mask>mid, Möbel und Innenräume von 1895-1900. Schriften aus dem Institut für Kunstgeschichte der Universität München 22. Munich: Tuduv, 1987. Bernhard Graf.<mask>mid, Bayerischer Architekt zwischen Jugendstil und Werkbund. Documentary. Bayerischer Rundfunk 2006
 Maria Wüllenkemper. <mask>mid: "Nicht die Kunst schafft den Stil, das Leben schafft ihn". Regensburger Studien zur Kunstgeschichte 6. Regensburg: Schnell & Steiner, 2009. Detlef Lorenz.Reklamekunst um 1900. Künstlerlexikon für Sammelbilder. Berlin: Reimer, 2000. Thomas Nitschke. Die Geschichte der Gartenstadt Hellerau. Dresden: Hellerau, 2009. External links

 Examples of his art and design at ArtNet
 Examples of his work and biography from Grove Art Online at MOMA
 Textilarbeitersiedlung Walddorfstraße, Themenroute 9 - Industriekultur an Volme und Ennepe, Metropoleruhr
 Das Richard-Riemerschmid Berufskolleg in Köln

1868 births
1957 deaths
20th-century German architects
19th-century German painters
19th-century male artists
German male painters
20th-century German painters
20th-century male artists
People educated at the Wilhelmsgymnasium (Munich)
Architects from Munich
People from the Kingdom of Bavaria
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Academy of Fine Arts, Munich alumni
Art Nouveau architects

masks:
Richard Riemerschmid
Richard Riemersch
Richard Riemersch
Richard Riemersch


texts:
<mask> (born September 20, 1945) is an American composer. She has worked at Bell Laboratories, in computer graphics, and is known primarily for her electronic-music compositions and her algorithmic composition software Music Mouse. She also plays the guitar and lute. <mask> was seen by some as a pioneer of the New York new-music scene. She withdrew from this scene in the early 1980s, believing that its focus had shifted from artistic process to product. While she continues to support herself through software development, Spiegel aims to use technology in music as a means of furthering her art rather than as an end in itself. In her words, "I automate whatever can be automated to be freer to focus on those aspects of music that can't be automated.The challenge is to figure out which is which." <mask>'s realization of Johannes Kepler's "Harmonices Mundi" was chosen for the opening track on the "Sounds of Earth" section of the golden record placed on board the Voyager spacecraft in 1977. Another work, titled "Sediment", was included in the 2012 film The Hunger Games. She has been inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. Education

<mask>'s early musical experiences were largely self-directed, beginning with the mandolin, guitar, and banjo she had as a child, which she learned to play by ear. She taught herself Western music notation at the age of 20, after which she began writing down her compositions. <mask> attended Shimer College through the school's early entrance program, which allows students to enter college without having completed high school.She subsequently attended Oxford University, initially through Shimer's Oxford study abroad program, under which students spend a year continuing the Great Books core curriculum in Oxford while taking tutorials from Oxford. After receiving her BA degree in the Social Sciences from Shimer in 1967, Spiegel stayed in Oxford an additional year, commuting to London to study guitar, theory and composition with John W. Duarte. After moving to New York, where she briefly worked in social sciences research and documentary film, she went on to study composition with Jacob Druckman, Vincent Persichetti and Hall Overton at the Juilliard School from 1969 to 1972, privately with Emmanuel Ghent, then she relocated along with Druckman, to whom she was composer's assistant, to Brooklyn College, completing her MA in Music Composition there in 1975 as well as pursuing research in early American music under the direction of H. Wiley Hitchcock. Career

Best known for her use of interactive and algorithmic logic as part of the compositional process, Spiegel worked with Buchla and Electronic Music Laboratories synthesizers and subsequently many early, often experimental and prototype-level music and image generation systems, including GROOVE system (1973–1978), Alles Machine (1977) and Max Mathews's RTSked and John R. Pierce tunings (1984, later known as the Bohlen–Pierce scale) at Bell Labs, the alphaSyntauri for the Apple II (1978–1981) and the McLeyvier (1981–1985). Spiegel's best known and most widely used software was Music Mouse—an Intelligent Instrument (1986) for Macintosh, Amiga, and Atari computers. The "intelligent-instrument" designation refers to the program's built-in knowledge of chord and scale convention and stylistic constraints. Automating these processes allows the user to focus on other aspects of the music in real time.In addition to improvisations using this software, Spiegel composed several works using Music Mouse including "Cavis muris" in 1986, "Three Sonic Spaces" in 1989, and "Sound Zones" in 1990. She continued to update the program through Macintosh OS 9, and as of 2012, it remained available for purchase or demo download from her Web site. In addition to electronics and computer-based music, Spiegel's opus includes works for piano, guitar and other solo instruments and small orchestra, as well as drawings, photography, video art, numerous writings and computer software. In the visual domain, Spiegel wrote one of the first drawing or painting programs at Bell Labs, which she expanded to include interactive video and synchronous audio output in the mid-1970s. Pursuing her concept of visual music, she was a video artist in residence at the Experimental Television Lab at WNET Thirteen in New York (1976). She composed series music for the TV Lab's weekly "VTR—Video and Television Review" and audio special effects for its 2-hour science fiction film The Lathe of Heaven, both under direction of David Loxton. In addition to computer software development, starting in the early 1970s, Spiegel supported herself by both teaching and by soundtrack composition, having had steady work throughout the 1970s at Spectra Films, Valkhn Films, the Experimental TV Lab at WNET (PBS), and subsequently for various individual video artists, animators, and filmmakers.<mask> did much less accompanitive music in the 1980s, during which she focused on creating music software and consulting in the music technology field, as well as additional teaching at Cooper Union and NYU where she established NYUs' first computer music studio. For her work she received a Foundation for Contemporary Arts Grants to Artists award (2018). In 2018 <mask>'s early Music for New Electronic Media was part of the Chicago New Media 1973-1992 Exhibition, curated by jonCates. Discography

 The Expanding Universe (1973-8). 2012. Greatly expanded 2-cd rerelease of Spiegel's 1980 LP containing over 2½ hours of music created at Bell Telephone Labs during the 1970s. 60x60 (2006-2007) released 2008.A two-CD compilation of 60-second works from the 60x60 project. Ooppera, 2004. An album of 10-minute operas created from processed animal sounds. Harmonices Mundi (1977, released 2004). A realization of Kepler's vision of planetary motion. The P-ART Project - 12 Portraits, 2001. 12-composer compilation including <mask>'s "Conversational Paws".Obsolete Systems, 1991. A retrospective of <mask>'s work through the 70s and 80s, performed on currently obsolete electronic instruments. OHM: The Early Gurus of Electronic Music, 2000. 3-CD compilation featuring <mask>'s 1974 Appalachian Grove. Miniatures 2 - a sequence of sixty tiny masterpieces, 2000. A 60-artist compilation soundtrack of Dan Sandin's video A Volume of Julia Sets. Female of the Species, a 2-CD compilation of female experimental composers
 Enhanced Gravity, 1999.Compositions as well as text and multimedia art by <mask>, also featuring multimedia art by 9 others. Cocks Crow, Dogs Bark: New Compositional Intentions, 1998. Companion CD of Leonardo Music Journal #7, featuring The Unquestioned Answer, described in that journal. Women in Electronic Music - 1977, 1977, re-released 1998. Compilation CD of women in electronic music. Computer Music Journal Sound Anthology, 1996. Companion CD to the 20th Anniversary Issue of Computer Music Journal
 Unseen Worlds, 1991, re-released 1994.Works by <mask>. The Virtuoso in the Computer Age - III, 1993. Compilation CD of four electronic artists, featuring <mask>'s Cavis Muris (1986). Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record, 1992. Music from Sounds of Earth produced to be sent up on the Voyager spacecraft, containing on excerpt of Harmonices Mundi. New American Music Vol. 2.Out of print LP. The Expanding Universe, 1980. Contains 4 pieces created using the GROOVE system at Bell Labs. Re-released with additional material in 2012. Music for New Electronic Media, 1977. Early works by several electronic composers. Notes

References

External links

 "Writings About <mask>gel" page on <mask> website
 Resident Visitor: <mask>'s Machine Music by Simon Reynolds
 Writings on technology and the arts by <mask>
 Biography on Vox Novus
 Joanna Bosse, "<mask>".Grove Music Online (subscription access). EMF Media: <mask>, by Kyle Gann
 Interview from 1979, including complete versions of Patchwork, Waves, The Orient Express and Expanding Universe
 IMDB Listing of <mask> film soundtracks
 <mask> Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2017)
 Interview with <mask> on sexmagazine
 Interview with <mask> on Tokafi
 The Different Computer of <mask> on radiom
 Rare ’70s Electronic Music Is Hidden in The Hunger Games on Wired

1945 births
20th-century classical composers
21st-century American composers
21st-century classical composers
American electronic musicians
American women classical composers
American classical composers
Living people
Pupils of Jacob Druckman
Shimer College alumni
American women in electronic music
Scientists at Bell Labs
20th-century American women musicians
20th-century American composers
21st-century American women musicians
Brooklyn College alumni
20th-century women composers
21st-century women composers
Musicians from Chicago

masks:
Laurie Spiegel
Spiegel
Spiegel
Spiegel
Spiegel
Spiegel
Spiegel
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Spiegel
Spiegel
Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Spiegel
Laurie Spie
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel
Laurie Spiegel


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<mask> ( born December 7, 1982) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for UNLV and 12 years professionally, including 10 seasons in the NBA. Early life and college
<mask> was born in Ventura, California, and grew up in Boulder, Colorado. He played college basketball at UNLV from 2001 to 2002 and then from 2003 to 2006, missing the 2002–03 season as a medical redshirt due to a thumb infection. Professional career

NBA D-League
<mask> has played in the NBA D-League and was named the NBA D-League Rookie of the Year in 2007. Philadelphia 76ers (2007–2008)
On March 8, 2007, <mask> signed a 10-day contract with the Philadelphia 76ers. Phoenix Suns (2008–2010)

On August 14, 2008, Amundson signed a two-year contract with the Phoenix Suns.On June 30, 2009, Suns exercised the team option on <mask>'s contract. Golden State Warriors (2010–2011)
On September 13, 2010, <mask> signed a two-year $4.17 million contract with the Golden State Warriors, with the second year being a player option. During 46 games, he averaged 4.3 points and 4 rebounds in 15 minutes of play. After the 2010–2011 season, he exercised his option to stay with the Warriors for one more year. On October 16, 2010, in a game against the Trail Blazers in Portland, <mask> dislocated the middle knuckle on his right index finger and had a fracture at its base that required surgery. On October 18, 2010, <mask> underwent successful surgery to repair this fractured right index finger. The procedure was performed by Dr. Andrew Gutow, a hand specialist from the Palo Alto Medical Foundation, at the Menlo Park Surgical Hospital.Indiana Pacers (2011–2012)
On December 19, 2011, <mask> was traded to the Indiana Pacers for Brandon Rush. On March 13, 2012, <mask> helped avenge his broken finger from the prior season when he was with Golden State and scored a career-high 21 points to help Indiana beat the Portland Trail Blazers 92–75. Minnesota Timberwolves (2012–2013)
He signed with the Minnesota Timberwolves on September 25, 2012. He was waived by the Timberwolves on February 8, 2013. Chicago Bulls (2013)
On March 2, 2013, the Chicago Bulls signed <mask> to a 10-day contract. New Orleans Hornets (2013)

On March 12, 2013, <mask> signed with the New Orleans Hornets for the rest of the 2012–13 NBA season. Los Angeles Clippers (2013)
On September 30, 2013, <mask> signed with the Los Angeles Clippers.On October 26, 2013, he was waived by the Clippers. New Orleans Pelicans (2013)
On November 12, 2013, <mask> signed with the New Orleans Pelicans for the rest of the 2013–14 NBA season. On December 31, 2013, he was waived by the Pelicans. Return to the Chicago Bulls (2014)
On April 10, 2014, <mask> signed with the Chicago Bulls for the rest of the 2013–14 season. On July 15, 2014, he was waived by the Bulls. Cleveland Cavaliers (2014–2015)
On September 26, 2014, <mask> signed with the Cleveland Cavaliers. New York Knicks (2015–2016)
On January 5, 2015, <mask> was traded to the New York Knicks in a three-team trade that also involved the Cavaliers and the Oklahoma City Thunder.The Knicks received <mask>, Alex Kirk, and a second round pick in the 2019 NBA draft, while Cleveland received Iman Shumpert and J. R. Smith from the Knicks and a first round pick in the 2015 NBA draft from the Thunder, while Cleveland sent Dion Waiters to Oklahoma City, and the Thunder send Lance Thomas to the Knicks. After being waived by the Knicks on January 7, he signed a 10-day contract with the team three days later. With his Knicks debut on January 15, he became just the twelfth player to play for at least ten NBA teams. On January 20, he signed a second 10-day contract with the Knicks. On January 30, he signed with the Knicks for the rest of the season. On July 30, 2015, <mask> re-signed with the Knicks. He re-signed with the Knicks for a second time on September 19, 2016, but was later waived on October 21, 2016.TNT KaTropa (2017)
On March 23, 2017, <mask> signed with TNT KaTropa of the Philippine Basketball Association as an import for the 2017 PBA Commissioner's Cup. He appeared in two games for TNT KaTropa before parting with the team on March 27. Kawasaki Brave Thunders (2017–2018)
On December 28, 2017, <mask> signed with the Kawasaki Brave Thunders of the B.League. <mask> has played in The Basketball Tournament (TBT), a $2 million winner-take-all summer tournament broadcast on the ESPN family of channels. In TBT 2017, he played for The Stickmen, scoring 27 points in one game played. <mask> helped take The Stickmen to the second round of the tournament, where they lost to Team Challenge ALS, 87–73. In TBT 2018, he returned to the team, then named Eberlein Drive.Eberlein Drive made it to the championship game, where they lost to Overseas Elite. Personal life
<mask> has Swedish heritage on his father's side, and also lived in Stockholm for a time. He expressed a desire to play for the Swedish national team, but that failed when the Swedish immigration ministry rejected his application for citizenship.

masks:
Louis Gabriel Amundson
Amundson
Amundson
Amundson
Amundson
Amundson
Amundson
Amundson
Amundson
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Amundson


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<mask> (born February 8, 1961), best known by the stage name <mask>, is an American musician. He is best known as the lead vocalist and occasional rhythm guitarist of heavy metal band Mötley Crüe, which he fronted from their 1981 formation until his departure in 1992. <mask> would reunite with the band in 1996 and continue with them until the band's 2015 retirement, and again from the band's 2018 reunion onwards. Outside of Mötley Crüe, <mask> he has also released three studio albums as a solo artist – the most recent of which, Tattoos & Tequila, was released in 2010. Although his later life has seen media focus more on his poor live performances and off-stage controversy, <mask>'s aesthetic and singing voice are still considered synonymous with the American glam metal movement of the 1980s. "You wouldn't take any other life advice from them," wrote People Magazine, "but the heavy metal rockers sure had style." Early life
<mask> was born in Hollywood, California to Shirley (née Ortiz) and Clois "Odie" Wharton.He has Mexican ancestry on his mother's side and Native American ancestry on his father's. During the 1960s, his family moved around Southern California from Inglewood to Watts, before finally settling in Glendora, attending Sunflower Intermediate School and later Royal Oak High School. As well as having an interest in music while a teenager, <mask> was also interested in surfing, basketball, baseball, football and wrestling. Music career

With Mötley Crüe
<mask> was discovered while performing with his band Rock Candy and joined Mötley Crüe in 1981. The newly formed band was seeking a lead vocalist and were impressed by <mask> after seeing him perform live at drummer Tommy Lee's suggestion. Lee had known <mask> in high school and thought the vocalist's image would fit well with the new band. With Mötley Crüe, <mask> made his recording debut with the band's 1981 debut album Too Fast for Love.The band's next album, 1983's Shout at the Devil, brought Mötley Crüe to international stardom, and a string of hit releases throughout the decade
including Theatre of Pain, Girls, Girls, Girls and the number 1 album Dr. Feelgood established the band as one of the most popular rock acts in the world. Producer Tom Werman, who produced much of Mötley Crüe's material in the 1980s, has said that <mask> is the least artistic and least involved in the creative process of all the band members. Firing
Following the release of Mötley Crüe's 1991 greatest hits album Decade of Decadence 81-91, <mask> and the band parted ways. <mask>'s drinking was beginning to affect his ability to perform, and after he failed to show up for a band rehearsal on February 10, 1992, Sixx, Lee and Mars agreed that the vocalist was "holding us back". At the time, the band blamed <mask>'s race car driving in the Indy Lights circuit as the reason for the decision, releasing a statement that read "Race car driving has become a priority in <mask>'s life. His bandmates felt he didn't share their determination and passion for music." Prior to his firing, Sixx says the band was open with him that they were considering a new lead vocalist, with Sixx telling him "We are down here working, and we want to be here.This isn't going to happen if you don't want to be here and we have to force you out of bed every afternoon because you've been out all night drinking." Lee accused him of failing to contribute to the creative process and <mask> stormed out, and his firing was announced to the public four days later. Going solo
Exposed was <mask>'s first solo album and was released in 1993. The album debuted at #13 on the Billboard charts. The album featured Steve Stevens (who played all bass and guitar tracks on "Exposed"), Dave Marshall, Robbie Crane, and Vik Foxx. The band eventually went on tour, opening for Van Halen. The album includes <mask>'s debut solo single "You're Invited (But Your Friend Can't Come)".The song exists in two versions; the first of which was included on the soundtrack to the Les Mayfield movie Encino Man - a music video was released for this version featuring a cameo from Pauly Shore. The track was rerecorded for the album with Billy Idol guitarist Steve Stevens. Pornographic film actress Janine Lindemulder can be seen in the video for the second single "Sister of Pain". "Can't Change Me" was released as the third single featuring a video filmed at the Record Plant and the video for the fourth single, "Can't Have Your Cake", featured actress Pamela Anderson, and <mask>'s son <mask>, who portrayed a young <mask>. Carved in Stone
In September 1995, <mask> released Carved in Stone, an industrial-oriented album produced by the Dust Brothers. The album was recorded and was put on hold while <mask> was dealing with the illness of his daughter Skylar. The album charted at #139 on the Billboard 200.The song "Skylar's Song" dedicated to his daughter was released as a single for the album and featured a music video and "The Crawl" was released as a promo single. The album sold fewer than 100,000 copies in the US, and <mask>'s contract with Warner Bros. Records eventually came to an end. The album was re-released in 2004. <mask> has toured his solo band, which consisted of Slaughter members Jeff Blando and Dana Strum, as well as drummer Zoltan Chaney. Reunion with Mötley Crüe
The band came back into the spotlight after their Behind the Music episode aired on VH1 in December 1998 and became the highest-rated in the series. A DVD was issued with ten extra minutes of footage in December 1999. By 1997, <mask>'s solo career and Mötley's fortunes were declining, so the four reunited that year."They admitted they couldn't do it without me", he recalled, "and I wasn't selling records the way Mötley Crüe had." They released Generation Swine, which debuted at #4 on the Billboard charts. Tension soon erupted, however, this time prompting Tommy Lee to leave. The other members replaced him with Randy Castillo and recorded New Tattoo in 2000. The renewed band went on hiatus when Castillo died from cancer in 2002. Mötley's fortunes got a boost when <mask> and Lee put aside their differences to tour in support of the 2005 compilation Red, White & Crüe. Dubbed Carnival of Sins, the tour featured acrobats, fire breathers and a midget as part of the overall circus atmosphere the band created.In 2008, Mötley Crüe released the album Saints of Los Angeles, featuring all the original members. 2010s
<mask> released his third solo album, Tattoos & Tequila, in 2010, his first solo release in seven years, following the live album Live at the Whisky: One Night Only in 2003. The album is a soundtrack to the book <mask> released in the same year, "Tattoos & Tequila: To Hell and Back with One of Rock's Most Notorious Frontmen". Each song on the album corresponds with a chapter in the book. The album titled track was released as a single for the album and features a music video. <mask> contributed a cover of Japanese rock band L'Arc~en~Ciel's song "Blurry Eyes" to their 2012 tribute album. Following their 2014 and 2015 final world tour, <mask> confirmed on September 13, 2018, that Mötley Crüe had reformed and plans to release new music.In November 2016, <mask> revealed that he had been contacted and was scheduled to play with his own band at the Inauguration of Donald Trump in Washington D.C. on January 20, 2017. "I don't know how long I have to play. I don't know if the Republican Party says which (songs) to play and what not to do," said <mask>. Other ventures

Business ventures

In 1994, <mask> gave up ownership of his "Bar One" club. In 1998, Mötley Crüe opened a store on Melrose Avenue in Los Angeles called, "S'Crüe", which stocks clothes from both Sixx and <mask>'s clothing lines (Outlaw and Bad Bones), along with CDs, the Mötley Brüe drink and other items. The store closed in January 1999, with the band deciding to sell the items online. In 2006, <mask> opened his own tattoo parlor called Vince Neil Ink.The shop is located on the Las Vegas Strip. <mask> founded Vince Vineyards, a winemaking venture that produced a 2003 Napa Cabernet Sauvignon and a 2003 Sonoma County Chardonnay. He also produces a limited edition Petite Sirah through EOS Estate Winery. In 2005, <mask> created the "Off The Strip Poker Tournament", which takes place in Las Vegas. In 2007, <mask> launched his own brand of tequila called Tres Rios. <mask> debuted the tequila at the Food Network South Beach Wine & Food Festival in February 2007. <mask> opened Dr. Feelgood's Bar and Grill in West Palm Beach.It took over two and a half years for all of the members of Mötley Crüe to agree and sign off on the bar concept and location. It was finally determined that it would be located in downtown West Palm Beach, a stone's throw away from the ocean and within the high rent district of downtown. On January 19, 2008, <mask> played a free concert on the streets of downtown West Palm Beach to celebrate the grand opening of Dr Feelgood's. In March 2009, <mask> opened another Feelgood's in Miami Beach. <mask> also owns a Feelgood's in Las Vegas. Mötley Crüe were on tour in the U.S. Crüe Fest. Mötley Crüe announced that they will play the entire Dr. Feelgood album every night of Crüe Fest 2 to celebrate the album's 20th anniversary.In 2012, <mask> ventured into the Gentlemen's Club business, opening Deja Vu Presents: <mask>'s Girls Girls Girls in Las Vegas, Nevada. In April 2014, <mask>, chief executive officer and Chairman of RockStar Investment Group along with long-time friends and business partners Bob Hewko and Mark Daniels, acquired ownership of the Arena Football League's Jacksonville Sharks in April 2014. <mask> was the owner of the Las Vegas Outlaws of the Arena Football League, but after 14 weeks of the season, the team was taken over by the league. Television and film
In 1989, <mask> had a small role for Police Academy 6: City Under Siege, which showed him being protected by Lieutenant Moses Hightower (Bubba Smith). The scene was filmed, but didn't make the cut. In 1990, <mask> had a small part in the film The Adventures of Ford Fairlane playing Bobby Black, lead vocalist of the fictional rock band that consisted of Carlos Cavazo, Randy Castillo, and Phil Soussan. Opening

masks:
Vincent Neil Wharton
Vince Neil
Neil
Neil
Neil
Neil
Neil
Neil
Neil
Neil
Neil
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Neil
Neil
Neil
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Neil
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Neil Wharton
Vince Neil
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Vince Neil
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Vince
Vince Neil
Vince Neil
Vince Neil
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Neil