texts:
<mask> (December 14, 1920 – December 5, 1979) was an American actor, aviator, and later businessman, whose company Aero Spacelines developed the Pregnant Guppy, Super Guppy, and Mini Guppy cargo aircraft. He later founded Conroy Aircraft and Specialized Aircraft in Santa Barbara, California. He died December 5, 1979 of colon cancer. Early years
<mask> was born in Buffalo, New York, later attended high school in Sand Springs, Oklahoma, and studied engineering at St. Gregory's College (St. Gregory's University) in Shawnee, Oklahoma. He hitched a ride on a freight train from Oklahoma to Hollywood, California, where he landed bit parts in films during the years of 1937–1940 under the screen name of <mask>, since <mask> was already taken. Some of the films were with "The Little Tough Guys". He attended the College of Theatre Arts at the Pasadena Playhouse.World War II
In 1940, against the advice of his agent who said "the big parts are coming", he hopped a freighter to Honolulu, Hawaii, where he learned to fly and made his first solo flight in 1940. He was working at Pearl Harbor as a civilian digging underground fuel tanks on Sunday, December 7, 1941. After witnessing the Japanese attack he immediately enlisted in the United States Army Air Forces. In early 1942, just months after his 21st birthday, he was commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant. "Jack" took flight instruction by Lt. F. D. Clasen in a Vultee BT-13 at Chico Army Air Field, class of '43-D squadron 2. As the pilot of a B-17 was in command of a nine-man crew. He flew his B-17 across the North Atlantic and as part of the 379th Bombardment Group of the 8th Air Force, operating from Kimbolton, England, flew 19 missions over Germany.On his 19th mission, on November 30, 1944, his aircraft was shot down over German farmland. After his crew bailed out, he forced his way out of the nose door, dislocating and fracturing his shoulder and breaking his right arm in the process. He parachuted to earth, landing in a farmer's field somewhere near Zeitz, was captured, interrogated and interned as a prisoner of war at Stalag Luft I, Compound North 3, on the Baltic coast until the end of the war. <mask> remained on active duty with the USAAF until 1948, serving as a special air mission pilot and as an instructor in a Reserve Training Unit. Following an honorable discharge from the service, he spent 12 years as an airline pilot. Record flights

After returning from the war, <mask> continued to fly with non-scheduled airlines and also joined the California Air National Guard, based at the Van Nuys Air Base. On May 21, 1955, <mask>, then a 1st Lieutenant attached to the 115th Fighter Interceptor Squadron, completed "Operation Boomerang".This involved flying from coast-to-coast and back in one day during daylight hours. He flew an F-86A Sabre from Van Nuys to Floyd Bennett Field, New York, and returned using fuel stops both ways, setting a record of 5058 miles in 11 hours, 26 minutes, 33 seconds (442.0 mph). A decade later in 1965, <mask> and co-pilot Clay Lacy achieved another record-breaking flight in a Learjet. Operation "Sunrise Sunset" completed a round-trip flight from Los Angeles to New York and back, the first time a business jet made a round-trip flight across the U.S. between sunrise and sunset on the same day. The Pregnant Guppy – Aero Spacelines
The Pregnant Guppy had a humble beginning on the proverbial cocktail napkin. One evening <mask>, <mask> and others were discussing the problems NASA were having transporting the rocket booster stages aboard ships through the Panama Canal and the Gulf of Mexico. <mask> had recently purchased several surplus Boeing 377 Stratocruisers but was not really sure what to do with them.<mask> believed that they could take one of the Stratocruisers, enlarge the fuselage enough to hold a rocket booster and contract with NASA to fly the boosters from California to Cape Canaveral, Florida. <mask> and <mask>dorf founded a company, Aero Spacelines, to pursue the project. <mask>'s drive to build the aircraft was so great, that when financing ran out, he did not: "Conditions reached the point where <mask> no longer owned his house, cars, or furnishings." By flying the Guppy on borrowed aviation gasoline to the Marshall Space Flight Center, <mask> was able to test fly the aircraft with Wernher von Braun. On the basis of the test flights, contract negotiations with NASA began in earnest. The "Pregnant Guppy" first flew on September 19, 1962, piloted by <mask> and co-pilot Clay Lacy. When Van Nuys air traffic control realized that <mask> intended to take off, they alerted police and fire departments to be on alert.However the huge aircraft performed flawlessly, the only difference in handling being a slight decrease in speed caused by extra drag of the larger fuselage. Wernher von Braun stated that "The Guppy was the single most important piece of equipment to put a man on the Moon in the decade of the 1960s." <mask> then developed the Super Guppy, which first flew on August 31, 1965, in Van Nuys. The Mini Guppy was built in Santa Barbara, California, and was christened "Spirit of Santa Barbara", on May 24, 1967. Two days later, the Mini Guppy was carrying cargo to the Paris Air Show, where in 1967, <mask> was awarded the "Medal of Paris" for the greatest contribution to aerospace for the prior two-year period for the Guppy aircraft. <mask> was the founder and president of Aero Spacelines, a subsidiary of Unexcelled, Inc. until he resigned in August 1967. Conroy Aircraft
In 1968 he started Conroy Aircraft at Santa Barbara Airport.He developed the Conroy Skymonster, a turboprop Canadair CL-44, designated the CL-44-O, the Conroy Turbo Albatross, <mask> Stolifter (turboprop Cessna 337 Skymaster), and the Conroy Turbo Three (turboprop DC-3). At this time he had acquired more that 20,000 hours flying time. A week after the first flight of the "Turbo-Three" (N4700C), he flew it to the 1969 Paris Air Show. The company was dissolved in 1972. The CL-44-O is currently at Bournemouth Airport, England. Specialized Aircraft
In 1972 he started Specialized Aircraft, originally known as Turbo-Three Corporation, in Santa Barbara. In 1974 the company proposed the Conroy Virtus to NASA for use as a Space Shuttle carrier aircraft, however it was rejected in favor of the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft.In 1976 the company relocated to Camarillo Airport in Camarillo, California, and developed the Conroy Tri-Turbo-Three which was used on contract with Polair Research. He christened this aircraft "The Spirit of Hope" for the City of Hope Hospital in Duarte, California, where he had been receiving treatment. This Tri-Turbo Three, N23SA, was used in 1984 to transport eight business people, members of the Seven Summits organization, plus three crew members to the Antarctic. Awards
 In 1967, <mask><mask> was awarded the "Medal of Paris" for the greatest contribution to aerospace for the prior two-year period for the Guppy aircraft. In 1973, <mask><mask>, "Guppy", was awarded the Character of the Year Award by the International Order of Characters. Film credits
A Shot in the Dark (1941) — Messenger boy
High School (1940) aka The Texas Kid — Boy
A Fugitive from Justice (1940) a.k.a. Million Dollar Fugitive a.k.a.Waiting for Lepke — Office boy
An Angel from Texas (1940) — Newsboy
Castle on the Hudson (1940) — Newsboy
Brother Rat and a Baby (1940) — Bellboy
Four Wives (1939) — Florist boy
First Offenders (1939) — Tony
Newsboys' Home (1938) — Newsboy

References
Notes

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

1920 births
1979 deaths
Male actors from Buffalo, New York
Aircraft designers
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
World War II prisoners of war held by Germany
American prisoners of war in World War II
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Air Medal
St. Gregory's University alumni
20th-century American male actors
American aviation record holders
Commercial aviators

masks:
John Michael Conroy
Conroy
Michael Conroy
John Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Lee Mansdorf
Mansdorf
Conroy
Conroy
Mans
Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Jack Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
Conroy
John M
. Conroy
John M
. Conroy


type: original

texts:
<mask> (born October 30, 1973 in Bucaramanga, Santander) is a Colombian lawyer and presenter. Biography
Her parents are <mask> and Irene Pinto. After finishing high school, Corzo studied at the Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, where she majored in Law. In 1995, during her fifth and final year of college, her family signed her up for the Señorita Santander ("Miss Santander") beauty contest, where she was the runner-up. She considers that if she had won, she would not have finished her college studies, but would have become a model, an actress or a housewife. According to her, she has always fancied working in the media and, although she has worked as a lawyer, she prefers human rights issues because she does not consider herself good at litigating. Media career

After graduating from college, Corzo hosted a radio show about human rights on the Universidad Industrial de Santander station, while working at the Bucaramanga branch of the National Ombudsman's Office.In 1997, she was offered to host a television show at the then brand new TRO local station. She moved to Cali, after getting married. There, she worked at the Office of the Comptroller of the Department. At the same time, she hosted the Noticiero del Pacífico at Telepacífico on weekends. A new transfer of her then husband took her to Bogotá. Since December 16, 2002, she was one of the news presenters at Noticias Caracol (at the time Caracol Noticias) newscast. At Noticias Caracol, Corzo managed –until early 2007– its health segments (previously in charge by Claudia Palacios, who left for CNN en Español in 2004), and between May 2007 and February 2008, presented the weather forecast at the 07:00 newscast.<mask> left Noticias Caracol for five weeks, but returned on March 12, 2008 at the 22:00 newscast. She was to leave because her son asked her to spend more time with him (see Personal life below), but according to one source, the network was flooded with calls from viewers asking for her return. Since April 18, 2009, she hosted En todo su derecho, a specialized section on law, broadcast Saturdays and Sundays at the 12:30 newscast. In October 2009, after a brief contractual dispute, she was moved to the 12:30 weekday newscast and started to present the Código Caracol section for the 19:00 newscast. On late 2006 she co-hosted El mundo hoy, a newscast produced in Colombia and broadcast by the Caracol TV-owned, Key West, Florida-based WGEN-TV station. <mask> co-hosted the newsmagazine Séptimo día, with Manuel Teodoro, since June 10, 2007 until April 2011. She also worked as a legal adviser for Caracol TV.In March 2011, <mask> announced, through her Twitter account, she would replace María Cristina Uribe as presenter of Canal Uno's Noticias Uno since June 2011. Her contract with Caracol TV expired late April 2011. On June 4, 2011, <mask> debuted on Noticias Uno. On December 28, 2014, <mask> presented her last edition of Noticias Uno. In January 2015, she joined RCN Televisión to be both presenter and interviewer of a premiered newsmagazine named "Cuatro Caminos" (literally, The Four Paths), which showed different ways of journalism such as special reports, chronicles, and interviews. She was accompanied by journalists Diego Fajardo and Diana Salinas, and photographer Mauricio Vélez (her current couple). Vélez was later replaced by newsman Felipe Arias.Since August 10, 2015, <mask> became main anchorwoman of the primetime edition of Noticias RCN, replacing Vicky Davila. On April 30, 2016, the news of her irrevocable resignation (apparently due to health problems) was spread by social networks and confirmed hours later. Awards and acknowledgements
In 2004, she was nominated as the Female News Personality of the Year at the Premio INTE, because of her "warmness and reliability", and in 2005 she was awarded with the Premio Canal Caracol to the best female newscaster. In December 2006, she received the Orquídea award to the best female newsreader in Miami. In October 2007, she won a "special mention" in the category for best TV feature or report at the Premio Nacional de Periodismo Simón Bolívar. In November 2007, Corzo shared, with psychiatrist Lucrecia Ramírez, marine biologist Sandra Bessudo, and golfer María José Uribe, a TAG Heuer-sponsored acknowledgement. In 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2016, <mask> was nominated to the India Catalina awards, winning the prize in 2014 as Best News Presenter.In 2016, she was also nominated to the TV y Novelas awards, as Best News Presenter. Personal life
<mask> divorced her first husband; she remarried in December 2006. She divorced again in June 2008. She lives with her son Pablo in Bogotá. Between mid 2015 and the last quarter of 2016, her couple was the photographer Mauricio Vélez. In 2007, Corzo joined a campaign to raise breast cancer awareness, with another Colombian television personalities. In two interviews, Corzo said she joined the campaign because three of her relatives had suffered it.During that same year, she developed the chronic fatigue syndrome, condition of which Corzo was able to overcome very quickly. <mask> stated in an interview that she left Noticias Caracol early 2008 because her son asked her to spend more time with him, and that the network was understanding and supportive of her decision. She stood with the network as a legal adviser / lawyer, presented the Noticias Caracol 12:30 newscast plus Código Caracol on weeknights, the En todo su derecho section on weekends, and continued co-hosting Séptimo día on sundays. In May 2010 she answered a short interview as a part of the special edition  Celebrity Moms issued by the colombian version of Playboy magazine. However at the year end, and to avoid a CFS relapse she took a leave of 2 months. At this time she also was treated for kidney stones. In 2011, she took a brief rest before her debut on Noticias Uno.In November 2012, <mask> participated in a special bikeway parade sponsored by the United Nations's campaign on violence against women, in which were invited several female celebrities of the Colombian show business. References

External links

 Profile – Séptimo día
 Profile – Séptimo día (gentv)
Twitter profile
 Silvia Corzo Fan Club

1973 births
Living people
Colombian television journalists
Colombian women journalists
Colombian television presenters
People with chronic fatigue syndrome
Women television journalists
Colombian women television presenters

masks:
Sivia Milena Corzo Pinto
Mario Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo
Corzo


texts:
<mask>na <mask> (; born 21 May 1980) is a Russian operatic soprano. She has been known for lyric and coloratura soprano roles, most notably in operas by Rossini and Mozart. In recent years, she has been taking up heavier and more lyrical roles. She embarked her professional career in Hamburg State Opera's Young Artists' Program and at the Rossini Opera Festival with her collaboration with Alberto Zedda. Following winning second prize in Plácido Domingo's Operalia in 2007, she made her Parisian debut at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées. She was noticed internationally after performing the title role in Stravinsky's The Nightingale in 2009. She has been performing on leading stages since; she made her Vienna State Opera debut in 2013, and Metropolitan Opera debut in 2014.Life and career

Early life
<mask> was born in Leningrad on 21 May 1980. Her mother is an economist while her Ukrainian father, Alexander, is a baritone singer. He sings in the choir of the Mariinsky Theatre instead of pursuing a solo career due to her birth. She briefly learned violin when she was 5 before turning to piano. After her parents' divorce when she was 7, she moved to Visaginas, in the Lithuanian SSR, to live with her mother, during the years of which she earned red-belt in karate. In 1995 she returned to her native city to live with her father. She then joined the Mariinsky Children's Choir, singing second alto, meanwhile studying choral conducting at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory.Contrary to the initial perception and her intention as a mezzo-soprano, she transitioned to soprano when starting private studies with Larisa Gogolevskaya in 2000. She named Joan Sutherland as her inspiration. She travelled to Berlin in 2001 on her first trip to the West. Impressed, the following year she auditioned and was admitted into the Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin, where she studied under Brenda Mitchell. Due to language constraints, she chose her for her being the seemingly only anglophone teacher available. At the Hochschule, she had her first stage experience with Queen of the Night (The Magic Flute), and subsequently Zerbinetta (Ariadne auf Naxos), Belinda (Dido and Aeneas), Konstanze (Die Entführung aus dem Serail). During her studies, she sought university students who wanted to learn Russian and would offer German in return, to overcome her language barrier, and teamed up with a string quartet performing concerts at hospitals and retirement homes for extra living budget.The experience inspired her to take singing seriously. Career first steps
After three years of studies, <mask> decided to gain professional experience and only graduated in 2009. Her first engagement was in 2004, as Theofane in Harry Kupfer's production of Handel's Ottone at the Kammeroper Schloss Rheinsberg. In 2005, after performing in Rossini's L'occasione fa il ladro at the Saalbau Neukölln Berlin, she was invited to Rossini in Wildbad by its manager in Meyerbeer's Semiramide riconosciuta conducted by Richard Bonynge. From 2005 to 2007, she participated in the Young Artists' Program of the Hamburg State Opera, where she sang roles such as Papagena (The Magic Flute), Marie (Zar und Zimmermann), Oberto (Alcina), Barbarina (The Marriage of Figaro). She participated Alberto Zedda's Accademia Rossiniana in 2006, performing in Il viaggio a Reims (Contessa di Folleville) at the Rossini Opera Festival. Recognizing her lyric soprano potential, Zedda also assigned her the role of Corinna in different performances of the run.She became a frequent guest singer at the Festival, performing Desdemona (Otello, 2007), Giulia (La scala di seta, 2009), Aldamira (Sigismondo, 2010), and the title role in Matilde di Shabran (2012). In 2007, she made her Berlin State Opera debut as a Flowermaiden in Wagner's Parsifal, and performed Olympia in The Tales of Hoffmann at the Komische Oper Berlin. Career rise
<mask> won second prize at 2007 Operalia. Recognised by Dominique Meyer, she was invited to perform in Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress (Anne Trulove) later in November at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, where she would later return for Susanna (The Marriage of Figaro, 2009), and concert performances of Giulietta (I Capuleti e i Montecchi, 2011) and Elvira (I puritani, 2012). She had two engagements at the Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía in 2007/08: the Voice from Heaven in Verdi's Don Carlo conducted by Lorin Maazel, and the Forest Bird in Wagner's Siegfried conducted by Zubin Mehta. In 2008, she sang her first Gilda in Rigoletto at the Teatro Rojas in Toledo, followed by later performances in Lübeck, Bologna, Venice, and Avenches. Other performances included Adele in Die Fledermaus (Lyon), Sofia in Il signor Bruschino (Graz), Fiakermilli in Arabella (Lübeck).She performed at the 2010 edition of La Folle Journée in Nantes in a concert with Sinfonia Varsovia, and Strauss' Four Last Songs in the following edition. <mask> gained international attention for the title role in Robert Lepage's production of Stravinsky's The Nightingale, which premiered in 2009 at the Canadian Opera Company then presented at the 2010 Aix-en-Provence Festival and subsequently at the Opéra de Lyon, the Brooklyn Academy of Music in New York and De Nederlandse Opera in Amsterdam. She made her Lausanne Opera debut in Rossini's Otello in 2010, and returned in 2012 for Handel's Alcina, and L'elisir d'amore. She received acclaim for her rendition of Mozart roles, including Blonde in Die Entführung aus dem Serail at the Liceu and Susanna in Florence. The years 2011/12 saw her debuts in some major roles in her career: Adina in L'elisir d'amore in Lille, Lucia in Lucia di Lammermoor in Palermo, and Fiorilla in Il turco in Italia in Amsterdam. In 2012, she sang Adina in Baden-Baden and Lucia at the Deutsche Oper Berlin, and performed in Carmina Burana under Paavo Järvi at the Rheingau Musik Festival. In 2013, she participated in a run of Lucio Silla conducted by Marc Minkowski as Giunia presented at the Mozartwoche, Salzburg Festival, and Musikfest Bremen.She made her Vienna State Opera debut in Gilda, the role she later performed at the Verona Arena, and her Zürich Opera House debut. She returned to the Hamburg State Opera for L'elisir d'amore, in September for Zerbinetta in Ariadne auf Naxos. She was featured as Marfa in the premiere of Dmitri Tcherniakov's production of The Tsar's Bride at the Berlin State Opera, and later at La Scala. She returned to Russia for a solo concert on 26 November 2013 in Moscow with the Russian National Orchestra. In 2014, she made her Metropolitan Opera debut, where she signed for Fiakermilli in Arabella in 2009, but switched to Elvira in I puritani in 2012 for her increasing fame. Apart from engagements as Adina, she performed Fiorilla in a new production at the Aix-en-Provence Festival, and in a revival in Munich. She was featured in the 2014 Concert de Paris, in Bruckner's Te Deum at the Salzburg Festival, and Tancredi in concert form conducted by Alberto Zedda, as well as Montreal Symphony Orchestra's Asian tour.Mid-career
<mask> debuted to rave reviews as Violetta in La traviata at the Lausanne Opera in February 2015, followed by a new production of the same title at the Festspielhaus Baden-Baden. She returned to the Vienna State Opera for I puritani, which she then sang at the Teatro Regio in Turin. She returned to La Scala for Rossini's Otello, and performed in L'elisir d'amore at the Tivoli Concert Hall in Copenhagen and La Monnaie in Brussels. She returned to the Metropolitan Opera for Rigoletto, followed by engagements in the same opera through the season, including revivals at the Teatro Real in Madrid, Vienna State Opera, and a new production at the Opéra Bastille. In 2016, she opened the Vienna Opera Ball together with Plácido Domingo, and performed in Saint Petersburg: Mariinsky Theatre debut in La traviata, and Classics at the Palace Square, concert celebrating the founding of the city. In summer, she returned to the Rossini Opera Festival for Il turco in Italia. Later in the year, she performed in Mozart roles: Donna Anna in Don Giovanni (Berlin State Opera), and Konstanze in Die Entführung (Deutsche Oper Berlin, Zürich Opera House, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées).In 2017, she returned to the Metropolitan Opera for Rigoletto and stepped into a performance of La traviata at short notice. She performed in Lucia di Lammermoor at the New National Theatre Tokyo, and La traviata at the Bolshoi Theatre. In summer, she returned to Berlin State Opera for her first Leïla in Bizet's Les pêcheurs de perles in Wim Wenders's take, conducted by Daniel Barenboim. In 2019, she debuted at The Royal Opera, London, in the role of Norina in Don Pasquale. She debuted in Australia in two concert performances of Donizetti's Maria Stuarda at the Sydney Opera House in March 2022. Personal life
<mask> first lived in Prenzlauer Berg during studies, followed by Nollendorfplatz, where she remained residence. In 2018, she took up residence in Lucerne.<mask> met conductor Michele Mariotti while working on Rossini's Sigismondo in 2010. They married in August 2012. On 29 June 2018 she announced on Facebook the filing of divorce and withdrawal from the upcoming production of Don Giovanni at the Teatro Comunale di Bologna which was conducted by her ex-husband. She then started a relationship with Grigory Shkarupa, fellow Russian bass singer. They married on 26 August 2020 in Saint Petersburg. She gave birth to her daughter Maya on 27 January 2021. Label: Naxos (Naxos Series: Opera Classics), catalogue no: 8.660205-06
2008: La donna del lago, Rossini.Label: Naxos, catalogue no: 8.660235-36
2011: La bellezza del canto, Münchner Rundfunkorchester, Miguel Gómez-Martínez, first solo recital CD (Sony)
2014: Arabesque, NDR Sinfonieorchester, Enrique Mazzola (Sony)
2015: Rossini!, Orchestra del Teatro Comunale di Bologna, Alberto Zedda (Sony)
2017: Russian Light, Ural Philharmonic Orchestra, Dmitry Liss (Sony)
2019: Mozart+, Ivor Bolton, Sinfonieorchester Basel (Sony)

Documentary
 <mask>ko: My Love for Rossini (2016). directed by Gabriele Cazzola. Reference

External links

 <mask> at Sony Classical
 <mask>atko at Bolshoi Theatre

1980 births
Living people
Singers from Saint Petersburg
Russian operatic sopranos
Operalia, The World Opera Competition prize-winners
Sony Classical Records artists
Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin alumni
Saint Petersburg Conservatory alumni
Russian people of Ukrainian descent
Russian expatriates in Germany
21st-century Russian women opera singers

masks:
Olga Alexandrov
Peretyatko
Peretyatko
Peretyatko
Peretyatko
Peretyatko
Peretyatko
Peretyatko
Peretyatko
Olga Peretyat
Olga Peretyatko
Olga Perety


texts:
<mask> (January 5, 1871 – June 8, 1940), was an American composer of classical music, whose works include four operas and five symphonies. Life and career
<mask> was born in Newton, Massachusetts, the son of Edmund Winchester and Charlotte Augusta (Shepherd<mask>. His father was a successful merchant, and president of the National Tube Works and the Conanicut Mills. <mask>'s higher education was at Harvard College, where he came under the influence of the composer John K. Paine. <mask> had already received instruction in piano playing, and the study of musical theory was a most important part of his college course. Upon his graduation in 1893, his violin sonata (op. 1) was performed and won him highest honors in music.After six months of business life, for which his father had intended him, he returned to the study of composing, Carl Baermann being his teacher in piano, and George W. Chadwick in composition. He then spent two years at the Royal Academy of Music in Munich, where he studied with Joseph Rheinberger, completing the course in 1898. His Symphony in D minor had its first performance on the occasion of his graduation. During 1899–1902, <mask> taught harmony at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston. He then joined the faculty of Harvard University as instructor in music, and was appointed assistant professor in 1905. Two years later he resigned, and afterwards devoted himself exclusively to composition. Among <mask>'s notable students were Alan Hovhaness (1911–2000), Florence Price (1888–1953), and Hisato Ohzawa (1907-1953).He died in Westwood, Massachusetts. Family
He married, 6 June 1894, Emma Tudor, daughter of Frederic Tudor of Brookline, Massachusetts. They had seven children, including five daughters. Compositions
Even though he was firmly committed to composing in the late Romantic idiom of his European contemporaries, his works often dealt with American subjects. The lush orchestral scoring of his program music has been compared to the early style of Richard Strauss. In 1910, <mask>'s opera The Pipe of Desire became the first American work ever to be performed at the Metropolitan Opera in New York. Today, <mask> is best known for his symphonic poem The Mystic Trumpeter (1904), based on the poem of the same name from Walt Whitman's iconic anthology, Leaves of Grass.With opus number
 Sonata for violin and piano, Op. 1 (pub. 1900)
 Suite for piano Op. 2
 String quartet No. 1, Op. 3
 Waltzes for piano 4-hands Op. 4
 Valzer poetici, Op.5, for piano 4-hands (1896)
 Youth, Op.6, concert overture for orchestra
 Symphony in D minor, Op. 7 (not counted by Converse with his later symphonies)
 Festival of Pan, Op. 9 (first performed by the Boston Symphony Orch., 1899, and by the Queen's Hall Orch. in London, England, 1905.) Endymion's Narrative, Op. 10
 Night and Day, Op. 11, two poems for piano and orchestra, suggested by verses by Whitman
 La Belle Dame sans Merci, Op.12, ballad for baritone and orchestra (words by Keats)
 Violin concerto, Op. 13
 Euphrosyne, concert overture for orchestra, Op. 16
 String Quartet No. 2, Op. 18 (1905), dedicated to the Kneisel Quartet
 The Mystic Trumpeter, Op. 19, orchestral fantasy after Whitman (1904)
 Iolan or The Pipe of Desire, Op. 21, romantic opera in one act, text by George Edward Barton.It has a legendary subject, of Celtic origin, based upon the mingling of the old pagan nature worship and the incoming Christian morality. The story rests upon the principle that man may force the way of his desires against the divine order but that he pays the penalty. The work is an avowed fantasy. First produced January 31, 1906, Jordan Hall, Boston, Massachusetts in 1906, and in 1909 was the first opera by an American composer to be presented at the 'old' Metropolitan Opera House. Laudate Domine, Op. 22, motet for male chorus, organ, and brasses
 Jeanne d'Arc Op. 23, overture, entr'actes and incidental music to Percy MacKaye's play
 Job, Op.24, a dramatic poem for solo voices, chorus and orchestra
 Serenade, Op. 25, for soprano solo, male chorus, and small orchestra
 Hagar in der Wüste, Op. 26, dramatic narrative for contralto and orchestra
 The Sacrifice, Op. 27, opera in three acts (1910), book by <mask>, lyrics by John Albert Macy after Los Gringos, or an Interior View of Mexico and California, with Wanderings in Peru, Chile, and Polynesia by Lieutenant Henry Augustus Wise, writing as "Harry Gringo". The scene is laid in California at the time of the Mexican War, and the characters, some of whom are Americans, enact a modern tragedy. Three songs for medium voice, Op. 28
 Melody for violin and piano, Op.29
 Ormazd, Op. 30, symphonic poem for full orchestra

<mask> stopped numbering his works after Op. 30 except for the arrangement for band of Laudate Domine (Op. 32), My wish (Op. 61), and Haul Away, Joe!, Op. 91. Without opus number
 Symphony in C minor (written 1919)
 Symphony in E minor (fp 1923)
 Symphony in F major (written 1934)
 Symphony in F minor (completed March 1940)
———
 Sonata for cello & piano
 Silent Noon, reverie for cello and piano (1906)
 Beauty and the Beast, or Sinbad the Sailor, His Adventures with Beauty and the Peacock Lady in the Castle of the Forty Thieves, opera, libretto by Percy MacKaye (1913) (unperformed)
 The Immigrants, opera, libretto by Percy MacKaye (composed 1914) (Planned for the Boston Opera Company's 1914-15 season but unperformed because of the collapse of the company)
 Song of the World Adventurers, words by Percy MacKaye, chorus for mixed voices (part of the Music for the Masque of St. Louis (pub.1914)
 The Peace Pipe, cantata for baritone solo, chorus and orchestra, words from Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1915)
 Flivver Ten Million  (A Joyous Epic Inspired by the Familiar Legend "The Ten Millionth Ford is Now Serving Its Owner"), tone poem for orchestra (1927)
 American Sketches, for orchestra
 Manhattan - The Father of Waters - Chicken Reel - Bright Angel Trail
 Tone poem Prophecy, biblical symphony commissioned by Serge Koussevitsky, written for the Boston Symphony Orchestra and Russian soprano Beata Malkin and dedicated to her (1932). Piano Sonata No. 1 (1937)
 Rhapsody for clarinet and orchestra (1938)

References
Citations

Sources

Kennedy, Michael (2006), The Oxford Dictionary of Music, 985 pages,

External links

 Liner Notes for Naxos CD 8.559116
 List of composers performed and unperformed operas at USOpera.com

1871 births
1940 deaths
19th-century American composers
19th-century classical composers
20th-century classical composers
American male classical composers
American Romantic composers
Harvard College alumni
University of Music and Performing Arts Munich alumni
Musicians from Newton, Massachusetts
Pupils of George Whitefield Chadwick
Pupils of John Knowles Paine
Pupils of Josef Rheinberger
20th-century American composers
Classical musicians from Massachusetts
20th-century American male musicians
19th-century American male musicians
Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters

masks:
Frederick Shepherd Converse
Converse
) Converse
Frederick Converse
Converse
Converse
Converse
Converse
Converse
Converse
Converse


texts:
<mask> (রজতাভ দত্ত) (born 11 August 1967) is an Indian actor who works in Bengali, Hindi and English films. He is popular as a judge on the Zee Bangla reality show Mirakkel. He is also popular for his negative lead roles in Boss, MLA Fatakesto, Barud, Paglu, Yuddho, Challenge, Rasta, Kanamachi etc. Apart from playing negative roles, he has also received praise for playing positive roles in films Paromitar Ekdin, Aschorjo Prodip,  Open Tee Bioscope and web-series Byadh. Early life
From Ballygunge Government High School <mask> passed Madhyamik in 1983, passed Higher Secondary from Goenka College of Commerce and Business Administration in 1985 and graduated from Netaji Nagar College in 1987.
good actor

Career
<mask> has been working as a theatre artist since 1987. He has started his work in the theatre group Antarmukh under Soumitra Basu (1987–1990). After that in Ushnik with Ishita Mukherjee (1990–1993).In Swapnosandhani with Kaushik Sen (1993–1995) (1996–1997) (2011–2016). In Gandhar with Ashit Mukhopadhyay (1994) with Dwijen Banarjee (1995), in Natyoanon with Chandan Sen (1997–2000) in Ansambal with Sohag Sen (1997–2001),
In Calcutta Performers with Tamal Roy Chowdhury (2001–2002), in Sangsriti with Debesh Chattopadhyay (2002–1018). In Lokokristi With Falguni Chatterjee (2004–2006), In Vupen Bose Avenue Chorus with Amitava <mask> (2014–2018) and In Natyoshala with Rana Basu (2016–2018). In the film industry he started his career as a junior artist. He has got BFJA Awards in 2001 for Paromitar Ekdin in the category best actor in a supporting role and Anandalok Awards in 2006 for the movie M.L.A. Fatakesto for the category best villain.

masks:
Rajatava Dutta
Rajatava
Rajatava
Dutta


texts:
<mask> (; born October 24, 1969), professionally known as <mask>, is a retired Mexican actress. She came to prominence after starring in many teen-oriented coming-of-age telenovelas produced by Televisa, including Quinceañera (1987–1988) and Dulce desafío (1988–1989). Some of her most notable works include María Bonita (1995–1996), María Isabel (1997–1998), El Privilegio de Amar (1998–1999), El Manantial (2001–2002), Amor real (2003), La esposa virgen (2005) and Fuego en la sangre (2008). Noriega's success as a leading lady has led her to be known as one of the "Queens" of the genre. Early life
<mask> was born on October 24, 1969, in Mexico City, Mexico. Her father died when she was in her early adolescence and her mother died in 1995, after a battle with cancer. She has two siblings; an older sister, Reyna, and a younger brother, Alejandro,

Career

Career beginnings
Noriega was discovered as a child, at the age of twelve she was scouted in a shopping centre while she was walking with her mother.Shortly after, she began to work as a fashion model and started appearing in TV commercials and music videos. After being spotted on a shooting of a commercial by Patty de Llano, wife of the producer Luis de Llano Macedo, she began working as a teen actress. She made her television debut at the age of fourteen in the telenovela Principessa and shortly after she participated in Juana Iris. In both shows she interpreted antagonists. She also guest starred on the comic show Cachún cachún ra ra! for a few years. Stardom
<mask> made her debut as a leading actress in 1986, at the age of sixteen, when she was cast for her first lead role in Yesenia, a historical telenovela.The telenovela was adapted from Yolanda Vargas Dulché's comic book of the same name, which centers around a young Romani woman and her caravan. From then on she began to work solely as a leading actress of many successful telenovelas with an international distribution. She rose to greater prominence in 1987 when she obtained the leading role in the iconic Quinceañera, telenovela portraying coming-of-age topics. Quinceañera was the first telenovela that geared towards adolescents and revealed the problems they face in this transitional period from childhood to adulthood. Topics such as substance abuse, date rape, teenage pregnancy, juvenile delinquency, gangs and self-acceptance were being explored for the first time in this genre. This teen classic had a great impact in Mexico and other countries worldwide. In 2008, it was included on the Associated Press' "10 Most Influential Telenovelas of Latin America" list, "because it represented a precedent in this genre and has had an influence on the collective imaginary."One year after, she returned to television in another successful teen-oriented telenovela; Dulce desafío, directed by Arturo Ripstein. In this teen drama, she played the central character, Lucero Sandoval, a teenage girl who rebels against her emotionally distant father and gets romantically involved with her teacher (Eduardo Yáñez). Continued success
Noriega obtained a contract with the rival network Telemundo in 1993 and played the leading role in Guadalupe. For signing a contract with a different company, she was banned from her previous network, Televisa. Guadalupe resulted to be an international success and was well received in the Arab world to such an extent that she was invited to be the guest of honour of the King of Morocco in 1994. In 1995, she moved to Colombia and joined RTI, starring in María Bonita, where she interpreted the title character, a singer who stays trapped on a Caribbean island. She returned to Televisa in 1997 and collaborated with the producer Carla Estrada in four consecutive productions.The same year, she appeared as the lead character of María Isabel, interpreting a young indigenous woman faced with discrimination and lack of opportunities because of her origin. The telenovela  presented the iconography  of the tribe Huichol, based on indigenous folk beliefs and traditional symbols, and dealt with racial, cultural and class themes. For her characterization of the lead female character, <mask> received TVyNovelas Award for "Best Young Actress in a Leading Role". A year later, she starred in El privilegio de amar, adaptation of Cristal, opposite Helena Rojo in a story that revolved around the world of fashion industry and show business. El privilegio de amar is officially the highest-rated television program in Mexico to date, according to IBOPE. The show was internationally successful as well. In 2001, she starred in El Manantial, under the direction of Mónica Miguel and Adriana Barraza, co-starring Mauricio Islas.For her performance as the lead female character Alfonsina Valdes Rivero, she received another TVyNovelas Award, among others. She returned to television in 2003, in the highly acclaimed historical telenovela, Amor real, in a story that was set in the Mexican post-independence period of the mid-19th century. This costume drama registered very high records of audience in Mexico and at the time of its airing on Univision, it occasionally managed to beat leading U.S. networks in the ratings. In 2005, Amor real was released on DVD and due to its success, it became the first telenovela to be released with English subtitles. Noriega received various recognitions for her portrayal of the aristocrat, Matilde Peñalver y  Beristáin. In 2005, she portrayed the leading character of the telenovela La esposa virgen, opposite Jorge Salinas. The telenovela was an adaptation of Caridad Bravo Adams' novel, Tormenta de pasiones.Her most recent starring role was as the lead female character Sofía Elizondo in the telenovela Fuego en la sangre, from 2008. Despite receiving mostly bad reviews, the telenovela was a big success in Mexico and the U.S.

Filmography

Films

Television

Music videos

Awards and honours

<mask> has been honoured with multiple awards for her work in the television industry, and the wide acceptance of her work throughout the years has established her reputation as a "Telenovela Queen". References

External links

1969 births
Living people
Actresses from Mexico City
Mexican child actresses
Mexican film actresses
Mexican telenovela actresses
Mexican television actresses
Mexican television personalities
Mexican female models

masks:
Adela Amalia Noriega Méndez
Adela Noriega
Adela Amalia Noriega Méndez
Noriega
Noriega
Noriega


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<mask> or <mask> (also: <mask> or Jodocus of Ghent, or Giusto da Guanto) (c. 1410 – c. 1480) was an Early Netherlandish painter who after training and working in Flanders later moved to Italy where he worked for the duke of Urbino. The artist is known for his religious compositions executed in the early Netherlandish idiom and a series of portraits of famous men, which show the influence of early Italian Renaissance painting. Life

Very little is known about the early life of <mask>hove. It is believed that the artist referred to by Vasari and Guicciardini as 'Giusto da Guanto' (i.e. 'Justus of Ghent') is the painter <mask>, who became a member of the Antwerp Guild of St. Luke in 1460 and a freemaster in the Ghent painters' guild in 1464. While in Ghent, he vouched for <mask>, Sanders Bening and <mask> when they entered the local painters' guild. Van Wassenhove seems to have enjoyed an international reputation as in 1467–68 he received payment for the production of 40 coats of arms of the Pope.Van Wassenhove travelled to Rome around 1470. Between 1473 and 1475 he is documented in Urbino, where he operated a workshop. He was one of the court painters of duke Federico da Montefeltro, a leading politician and art patron of the Italian Renaissance. Da Montefeltro gave him the commission for the Communion of the Apostles painted for the brotherhood of the Corpus Domini in Urbino between 1472 and 1474. A portrait of da Montefeltro (with his broken nose in profile) in the company of Caterino Zeno, a Persian envoy to the court of Urbino, is included in the picture. Van Wassenhove participated in the decoration of the ducal residences in Urbino and Gubbio. This included a commission for a portrait series of 'uomini famosi' (famous men) for the study of da Montefeltro (Louvre Museum, Paris and Galleria Nazionale, Urbino).He died around 1480. Work

Two works from the time before he left for Italy have been preserved: the monumental Crucifixion Altarpiece  or Calvary Triptych (in the Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent) and the Devotion of the Kings (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York). The latter painting was possibly commissioned for a convent near Burgos in Spain. For this reason the picture was painted on canvas so it could be rolled up for easy transport. The stage-like space and arrangement of the main figures in two parallel diagonal lines seem to suggest an inspiration by theatre reenactments of the story of the Epiphany. Both these early paintings are characterized by monumentality. The facial features of the figures and colour spectrum are closely related to the oeuvre of <mask> der Goes.The two masters likely worked together before <mask>e left for Rome. There is also a relationship with the work of Dieric Bouts. The Communion of the Apostles (a.k.a. The Institution of the Eucharist, sometimes called The Last Supper) for the Confraternity of Corpus Domini in Urbino shows some adaptations from the characteristically Netherlandish high viewpoint and decoratively organized surface of the Calvary Triptych. Van Wassenhove also increased the size of the figures relative to the picture space. The work cites Dieric Bouts' The Martyrdom of St Erasmus in the figure of the Persian envoy. All other works attributed to Joos <mask>e were painted on commission by Federico da Montefeltro.In the enlarged version of Communion of the Apostles it can be easily seen that Jesus Christ is depicted with light rays originating from his head which is also surrounded by a circular aureola both of which constitute a halo. A series of 28 portraits of Famous men, which are still in existence and part of the collections of the Louvre and the Galleria Nazionale delle Marche in Urbino, have been attributed to Joos <mask>e. There are many arguments for such attribution. The paintings appear to be made by a painter grounded in Netherlandish technique who had become strongly influenced by Italian painting. In addition, in his biography of Federico da Montefeltro, his former librarian, Vespasiano da Bisticci, attests that <mask>hove made the series of 28 portraits of Famous men. Technological examination of the Famous men has revealed similarities of these works with the other important earlier commission that <mask>hove completed for the duke in Urbino, i.e. the Communion of the Apostles.The underdrawing showed that there was stylistic continuity between these works. The examination also disclosed a number of changes in composition and execution, which may point to a reworking by another artist. The attribution to <mask>hove of some or all of the works in the Famous men series has not received unanimous support. Various other artists have been proposed as the author of the Famous men series, of whom the Spanish painter Pedro Berruguete has received the strongest support. The case for Berruguete rests on various arguments including the mention of a 'Pietro Spagnuolo pittore' in Urbino in 1477, a reference to the Famous men by Pablo de Cespedes dating from 1604, which could be regarded as an attribution to Berruguete (although Cespedes specifically stated that they were by a Spanish painter 'other' than Berruguete), the depiction of a Spanish-language book in a painting in the series and stylistic similarities with later works of Berruguete. Although the matter of attribution is still unresolved the known pictures of this Spanish artist are inferior in style and technique to those in the Famous men series and are unlikely the work of the same artist. Another hypothesis is that the work was a collaborative effort by the studio of <mask>hove in Urbino, in which Berruguete may have worked as a collaborator.Further attributed to Joos <mask>e are two paintings from a series on the liberal arts: Music and Rhetoric (both at the National Gallery London). Two other paintings from this series were destroyed during World War II. Works
Adoration of the Magi
Calvary Tryptich
Communion of the Apostles
Famous Men
Liberal Arts

References

External links

1410 births
1480 deaths
Early Netherlandish painters
Flemish Renaissance painters
Flemish history painters
Flemish portrait painters

masks:
Justus van Gent
Joos van Wassenhove
Justus
Joos van Wassen
Joos van Wassenhove
Hugo van der Goes
Agnes van den Bossche
Hugo van
van Wassenhov
van Wassenhov
van Wassenhov
van Wassen
van Wassen
van Wassen
van Wassen
van Wassenhov


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<mask> (15 June 1927 – 20 or 21 November 2006) was a German musicologist specializing in the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries and the music of Giuseppe Verdi. She coined the term , to categorize the rhythmically complex music that followed . Life
<mask> was born <mask> in Hamburg. After studying piano with D. Kraus and H. E. Riebensahm and music theory with H. Stahmer in Hamburg, she graduated with a music teacher's degree in 1947. From 1948 she studied music with Heinrich Husmann at the University of Hamburg along with other subjects such as art history, German and Romance Literature, philosophy, psychology, and phonetics. In 1957 at Hamburg she wrote a thesis under the tutelage of Heinrich Besseler on the change in style of the French song in the second half of the fourteenth century which built onto the research of Friedrich Ludwig. With financial support from her husband, encouragement from Gilbert Reaney, Armen Carapetyan, and, from 1962, funds from the German Research Foundation, she took the position as a teacher in Ahrensburg in order to finish her habilitation which had been rejected by some German professors.Encouraged also by Oliver Strunk and Nanie Bridgeman, she joined in 1969 the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris as attaché de recherche (researcher) and was promoted as chargé de recherche (research fellow) with Jacques Chailley in 1975, where she taught as a lecturer at the Sorbonne from 1969 to 1971 to prepare her "Doctorat d' état" on Verdi's French years. After obtaining her habilitation in Göttingen in 1972 with an edition of motets of the fourteenth century (published in 1965 by A. Carapetayan in CMM 39), she taught one semester as a lecturer in Göttingen before returning to Paris to resume her work as "chargé de recherche". In the summer of 1973 she was a visiting professor at New York University and was subsequently invited to give lectures by numerous American universities such as Princeton, Harvard, Brandeis, Philadelphia, Maryland, Bloomington, UC Davis, and Los Angeles. She was later appointed as chargé de cours (lecturer) by the Free University in Brussels to teach the history of music notation. In 1973, she turned down an offer from Brandeis University and in 1975 took a job as a lecturer at the University of Göttingen. While she continued to teach in Brussels, in 1977 was appointed professor at the University of Göttingen and finally gave up her post at the CNRS. The new University Act of the State of Lower Saxony enabled her to be director of Musicology in Göttingen for some time.In 1977, she held summer courses on Verdi research at Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois. In 1992, she retired and lived in Ahrensburg near Hamburg, where she died either on 20 November or 21 November 2006. Influence

<mask> coined the term  which classified the music of the late fourteenth century to describe the subtle rhythm reflected in the music of the time. Another field of research was the work of Giuseppe Verdi. She published his opera Don Carlos in an issue with the five-act French original version and also with the four-act Italian version. She published widely, becoming one of the most influential musicologists of the twentieth century. Writings

Fourteenth-century music

"Der musikalische Stilwandel der französischen Liedkunst in der zweiten Hälfte des 14.Jahrhunderts: dargestellt an Virelais, Balladen und Rondeaux von Machaut sowie datierbaren Kantilenensätzen seiner Zeitgenossen und direkten Nachfolger". PhD Diss. Hamburg: University of Hamburg, 1957. 286 pages. University document: Hamburg, defended in the Faculty of Philosophy on 7 December 1957 (not available for circulation). <mask> (ed. ): Zehn datierbare Kompositionen der Ars nova.Schriftenreihe des Musikwissenschaftlichen Instituts der Universität Hamburg 2. Hamburg: Musikwissenschaftliches Institut der Universität Hamburg, 1959. <mask>: "Das Ende der Ars Nova". Die Musikforschung 16 (1963), pp. 105–120. <mask>: "Zur Biographie einiger Komponisten der Ars Subtilior". Archiv für Musikwissenschaft 21 (1964), .<mask> (ed. ): The Motets of the Manuscripts Chantilly, Musée Condé, 564 (olim 1047) and Modena, Biblioteca Estense, α M. 5,24 (olim lat. 568). Corpus Mensurabilis Musicae 39. [n.p. ]: American Institute of Musicology, 1965. <mask> und Ludwig Finscher (eds.): "Aspects of Music in Church, Court, and Town from the 13th to the 15th Century". Musica Disciplina 38 (1984) [includes her essay "Unusual Phenomena in the Transmission of Late 14th Century Polyphonic Music", ]. <mask> und Ludwig Fischer (eds. ): "1380-1420: An International Style?". Musica Disciplina 41 (1987) [includes an article with John Nádas und John Stinson, "Magister Dominus Paulus Abbas de Florentia: New Documentary Evidence", pp. 203-246]
<mask> and Ludwig Fischer (eds. ): Musik und Text in der Mehrstimmigkeit des 14. und 15.Jahrhunderts. Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1984. .
<mask>: "Die Ars subtilior". Hamburger Jahrbuch für Musikwissenschaft 11 (1991), pp. 277–288.The Cypriot-French Repertory of the Manuscript Torino J.II.9: Report of the International Musicological Congress, Paphos, 20–25 March 1992, by Ludwig Finscher and Societa italiana di musicologia and <mask> and Associazione piemontese per la ricerca delle fonti musicali. [Rome]: American Institute of Musicology, . Ludwig Finscher, <mask>, and Jeffrey J. Dean.Modality in the Music of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries: Modalität in der Musik des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts. Musicological Studies and Documents 49. [Rome]: American Institute of Musicology, Hänssler-Verlag, 1996. .
<mask>: "Polymetric Rondeaux from Machaut to Dufay: Some Style-Analytical Observations". In Studies in Musical Sources and Style (Festschrift Jan La Rue),  pp. 75–108. Madison: 1990.<mask>: "Bemerkungen zur Motette des frühen und mittleren Trecento". In Die Motette   pp. 29–39. Mainz: 1992. <mask>: "La fine dell‘Ars nova". In Il canto delle pietre 1992, pp. 71–87.Como: 1992. <mask>: "Composers at the Court of the Antipopes in Avignon: Research in the Vatican Archives". In Musicology and Archival Research, Archives et Bibliothèques de Belgique 46, edited by Barbara Haggh et al., pp. 328–37. Brussels, 1994. Giuseppe Verdi
<mask>: "La genèse de Don Carlos, opéra en cinq actes de Giuseppe Verdi, représenté pour la première fois à Paris le 11 mars 1867". Revue de Musicologie 58 (1972), pp.16-64, and 60 (1974), pp. 87–158. <mask>: "Documents inconnus concernant les relations de Verdi avec l'Opéra de Paris". In Il Teatro e la musica di Giuseppe Verdi, edited by, pp. 564–83. Parma, 1974. <mask>: "Schwierigkeiten mit einer Oper.Zu den verschiedenen Fassungen des Don Carlos". In Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Staatsoper 6 (1977/78), pp. 136–52. <mask>: L'edizione integrale del Don Carlos di Giuseppe Verdi: Die vollständige Ausgabe des Don Carlos von Giuseppe Verdi. Milan: Ricordi, 1977. <mask>: The Complete Edition of Don Carlos by Giuseppe Verdi. , 1978.<mask>: "Zur Revision des Don Carlos. Postscriptum zu Teil II". Analecta Musicologica 19 (1979), pp. 373–77. <mask> and Luciano Petazzoni (eds. ): Giuseppe Verdi: Don Carlos, Edizione integrale delle varie versioni in cinque e in quattro atti (comprendente gli inediti verdiani). Riduzione per canto e pianoforte con testo francese e italiano.Revisione secondo le fonti a cura di Usula <mask> e Luciano Petazzoni. Milan: Ricordi, 1980 (copyright 1974). <mask>: "La genèse du Don Carlos de Verdi: Nouveaux documents". Revue de Musicologie 72 (1986), pp. 104–17. <mask>: "Le Don Carlos de 1883. œuvre française également". In Giuseppe Verdi: Don Carlos ( = L'Avant Scène Opéra 90/91), 36–43.Paris: 1986. German version as: "Der Don Carlos von 1883; ebenfalls ein französisches Werk". In Giuseppe Verdi: Don Carlos ( = Der Opernführer 1/2), pp. 28–39. Taufkirchen:, 1988,. <mask>: "Don Carlos: Edizione integrale—Critical edition". In Nuove prospettive nella ricerca verdiana.Atti del convegno internazionale in occasione della prima del „Rigoletto“‘in edizione critica, Vienna 1983, edited by  pp.29–48. Milan, 1987. <mask>: "Rigoletto à Paris". In L'opera tra Venezia e Parigi, edited by , pp. 269–314. Florence, 1988. Friedrich Ludwig

<mask>: "Friedrich Ludwig in Göttingen".In Musikwissenschaft und Musikpflege an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, edited by, pp. 152–75. Göttingen, 1987. See also
Women in musicology

References

 Martin Staehelin: Musikwissenschaft und Musikpflege an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen: Beiträge zu ihrer Geschichte''. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1987. . 200 pages. External links

1927 births
2006 deaths
German musicologists
Women musicologists
20th-century musicologists
20th-century women musicians
University of Göttingen faculty
Machaut scholars

masks:
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Rösse
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Gunther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther


texts:
<mask> Ph.D., LL.D., Litt.D. (August 3, 1857 – April 24, 1934) was an American classical scholar. Biography
<mask> was born at Davenport, Iowa. After graduating from Harvard in 1878, he studied in Europe at Leipzig, Bonn, Athens, and Munich (Ph.D., 1884). He was a professor at several institutions from 1885 onward. Professor <mask> served at Bryn Mawr College (1885–92), then principally at the University of Chicago. In 1901-02 he was professor in the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Greece, and in 1913-14 he was Roosevelt Lecturer in the University of Berlin.Professor <mask> was made a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters. From 1908 he was managing editor of Classical Philology. He died in Chicago. After his death, one of many articles published about him asserted that he knew all 15,693 lines of the Iliad by heart. The Roosevelt Lectureship
The Roosevelt Lecturership involved giving a series of public lectures. In these, Shorey addressed American culture and literature. Besides the public lectures, however, the Roosevelt Lecturer was required to give a seminar in his own special field of study.As a notable Platonic scholar, Shorey naturally offered to conduct a seminar on Plato. He had not reckoned on the views of American scholarship held by the principal German classicist, Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, who held sway in Berlin. Wilamowitz had no intention of allowing Shorey any scope on Plato:

'In a letter to Diels of 8 May 1912 ... he wrote that he considered it 'grotesque that the editor of a Chicago journal be brought to Berlin to teach us philology'. ... Wilamowitz could not of course know that
Shorey would later refer to his Platon as a 'historical novel' (What Plato Said 1933 p2. ), but could have been aware that in a 1911 article in the Nation ... Shorey had named him in a list of German scholars
whose 'big ambitious books ... cannot be trusted' (392). Wilamowitz was no more receptive to <mask>'s next suggestion, of Pindar, since the two differed on metrical questions. In th end, permission was given for a
seminar on the De Anima'''.As Sprague points out, Wilamowitz had not reckoned on <mask>'s view that 'Aristotle is a Platonist au fond. In the seminar he explained the relevance, in his view, of Plato's Theaetetus, Phaedo, Republic, Euthydemus, Sophist. Politicus, Meno, and Philebus to a full and exact understanding of De Anima. Sprague comments: 'I am afraid I find it irresistible to remark that Wilamowitz did not really succeed in preventing <mask> from giving a Plato seminar'. WritingBooks De Platonis Idearum Doctrina. Munich: Theodor Askermann, 1884. The Assault on Humanism.Boston: Atlantic Monthly Company, 1917. The Unity of Plato's Thought. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1903. Sophocles. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931. What Plato Said. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1933.Platonism, Ancient and Modern. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1938. Selected Papers, 2 Vols. New York: Garland Pub., 1980. The Roosevelt Lectures of <mask>y: (1913–1914). Hildesheim: G. Olms Verlag, 1995.Translations An edition of Horace's Odes and Epodes (1898; revised, with Laing, 1910). The Republic of Plato, 2 vols., with an English translation by <mask>, Loeb Classical Library, 1937 (1930).Selected articles "The Odyssey in the Rhythmic English Prose," The Dial, Vol.V, May 1884/April 1885. "Hartmann's Philosophy of the Unconscious," The Dial, Vol. V, May 1884/April 1885. "The Pagan Christ," The Dial, Vol. VII, May 1886/April 1887. "Jevon's History of Greek Literature," The Dial, Vol. VII, May 1886/April 1887."The Science of Thought,"  The Dial, Vol. VIII, May 1887/April 1888. "On the Track of Ulysses," The Dial, Vol. VIII, May 1887/April 1888. "Max Müller's Biographies of Words," The Dial, Vol. VIII, May 1887/April 1888. "Erdmann's History of Philosophy," The Classical Review, Vol.IV, 1890. "A Word with Tennyson Dissenters," The Dial, Vol. XIV, January/June 1893. "Plato and Platonism," The Dial, Vol. XIV, January/June 1893. "The Homeric Question Once More," The Dial, Vol. XV, July/December 1893."An Evolutionist's Alarm," The Dial, Vol. XV, July/December 1893. "Spencer on the Principles of Beneficence," The Dial, Vol. XV, July/December 1893. "Greek Poetry and Life," The Dial, Vol. XVI, January/June 1894. "The Idea of Good in Plato's Republic."In: Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. I, The University of Chicago Press, 1895. "To Ancient Greek through Modern? No!," The Forum, Vol. XVIII, 1895. "Can We Revive the Olympic Games?," The Forum, Vol. XIX, 1895."Paris Commune of 1871," The Dial, Vol. XX, January/June 1896. "Present Conditions of Literary Production," The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. LXXVIII, 1896. "Discipline vs. Dissipation in Secondary Education," School Review, Vol. V, 1897. "A New Classical Dictionary," The Dial, Vol.XXII, January/June 1897. "The Monuments and Antiquities of Greece," The Dial, Vol. XXIV, January/June 1898. "Plato." In: Philosophers and Scientists, Vol. I, Doubleday & McClure Company, 1899. "The Successors of Homer," The Dial, Vol.XXVI, January/June 1899. "Religion in Greek Literature," The Dial, Vol. XXVII, July/December 1899. "History of Modern Philosophy," The Dial, Vol. XXIX, July/December 1900. "Plato, Lucretius and Epicurus," Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. XII, 1901."Science of Meaning," The Dial, Vol. XXX, January/June 1901. "An Historian of Ideas," The Dial, Vol. XXX, January/June 1901. "The Greek Thinkers and their Environment," The Dial, Vol. XXXI, July/December 1901. "Philology and Classical Philology," The Classical Journal, Vol.I, No. 6, May 1906. "The Influence of the Classics on American Literature," The Chautauquan, Vol. XLIII, 1906. "Discipline in Modern Education," The Bookman, Vol. XXIII, 1906. "Mr. Lang's Homeric Queries," The Dial, Vol.XLII, January/June 1907. "Benjamin Jowett, Teacher, Platonist and Scholar," The Chautauquan, Vol. XLVI, 1907. "A Dramatic Historian," The Dial, Vol. XLIII, July/December 1907. "The Equivocations of Pragmatism," The Dial, Vol. XLIII, July/December 1907."Relations of Classical Literature to Other Branches of Learning," International Congress of Arts and Science, Vol. VI, 1908. "The Spirit of the University of Chicago," The University of Chicago Magazine, Vol. I, No. 6, April 1909. "The Poet of Science," The Dial, Vol. XLVI, January/June 1909."Spelling Reform in Extremis," The Dial, Vol. XLVII, July/December 1909. "Mill Revealed in his Letters," The Dial, Vol. XLVIII, January/June 1910. "The Case for the Classics," The School Review, Vol. XVIII, No. 9, 1910."Talks on Character and Temperament," The Dial, Vol. XLIX, July/December 1910. "American Scholarship," Educational Review, Vol. XLII, June/December 1911. "The Study of Greek Literature." In: Greek Literature, The Columbia University Press, 1912. "The Place of the Languages and Literatures in the College Curriculum."In The American College, Henry Holt and Company, 1915. "The Bigotry of the New Education," The Nation, Vol. CV, 1917. "The Assault on Humanism," Part II, The Atlantic Monthly, Vols. CXIX/CXX, 1917. "Fifty Years of Classical Studies in America," Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, Vol. L, 1919."A Note on Herodotus," Classical Philology, Vol. XV, 1920.Other publications' Pope's translation of The Iliad of Homer, with an introduction and notes by <mask>, 1899. "Herodotus." In: The New International Encyclopædia, Vol. X, Dodd, Mead & Company, 1906, pp. 14–15. "Homer."In: The New International Encyclopædia, Vol. X, Dodd, Mead & Company, 1906, pp. 166–168. "Pindar." In: The New International Encyclopædia, Vol. XVI, Dodd, Mead & Company, 1906, pp. 31–32."Plato." In: The New International Encyclopædia, Vol. XVI, Dodd, Mead & Company, 1906, 101–104. Marion Mills Miller (ed. ), The Classics, Greek and Latim, with an introduction by <mask>, 1909. Legacy
A house in University of Chicago College housing is named in <mask>'s honor. Shorey House was located in Pierce Tower until that building's demolition in 2013 and is now located in International House.<mask>'s student, Harold F. Cherniss, was a well-known historian of ancient philosophy at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and defended <mask>'s unitarian interpretation of Plato in several influential books. <mask>'s views thus became a central theme of later debates over Plato and Aristotle. Notes

References

Further reading
 Bonner, Robert J. (1934). "<mask>," The Classical Journal, Vol. 29, No. 9, pp.641–643. Norlin, George (1934). "<mask>–The Teacher," Classical Philology, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 188–191. Putnam, Emily James (1938)."<mask>," The Atlantic Monthly,'' Vol. 161, pp. 795–804. External links

 Works by <mask>, at JSTOR
 Works by <mask>, at Hathi Trust
 <mask> Letters at Newberry Library
 Sather Professor Portraits
Guide to the <mask> Papers 1865-1934 at the University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center

American classical scholars
<mask>, <mask>. Harvard University alumni
<mask>, Paaul
<mask>, Paaul
Classical scholars of Bryn Mawr College
Classical scholars of the University of Chicago
Scholars of ancient Greek literature
American scholars of ancient Greek philosophy

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<mask>  (born 1938) is a Jesuit Catholic priest and theologian, known mostly for his contributions to Latin American liberation theology. He received worldwide attention in 2007 when the Vatican's Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith issued a notification for what they termed doctrines that are "erroneous or dangerous and may cause harm to the faithful." Life
Born 27 December 1938 into a Basque family in Barcelona, Sobrino entered the Society of Jesus when he was 18. The following year, in 1958, he was sent to El Salvador. He later studied engineering at Saint Louis University, an American Jesuit university, and then theology at Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology in Frankfurt in West Germany for his Doctor of Theology (Dr.theol.) degree. Returning to El Salvador, he taught at the Jesuit-run University of Central America (UCA) in San Salvador, which he helped to found.On 16 November 1989 he narrowly escaped the murder of the UCA scholars by the Atlacatl Battalion, an elite unit of the Salvadoran Army. By a coincidence, he was away from El Salvador when members of the military broke into the rectory at the UCA and brutally murdered his six fellow Jesuits, Ignacio Ellacuría, Segundo Montes, Juan Ramón Moreno, Ignacio Martín-Baró, Amando López, and Joaquín López y López, and their housekeeper Elba Ramos and her 16-year-old daughter Celina Ramos. The Jesuits were targeted for their outspoken work to bring a resolution to the brutal El Salvador Civil War that left about 75,000 men, women, and children dead, mostly civilians. Investigated by the Vatican throughout his career as a professor of theology, he has remained an outspoken proponent of peace, joining protests in 2008 of the continued training of Latin American military officers in torture techniques at the School of the Americas at Fort Benning. Works
Sobrino's main works are Jesus the Liberator (1991) and its sequel Christ the Liberator (1999), along with Christology at the Crossroads (1978), The True Church and the Poor (1984), Spirituality of Liberation (1990), The Principle of Mercy: Taking the Crucified People from the Cross (Orbis, 1994), No Salvation Outside the Poor, and Prophetic-Utopian Essays (Orbis, 2008). Vatican notification
Because of the theological positions he took in his works, Sobrino was the subject of a theological notification; a critique statement and an admonishment by the Vatican and the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith in March 2007. The congregation declared that Sobrino placed too great an emphasis on the human nature of Jesus Christ, downplaying Jesus' divine nature, and that his "works contain propositions which are either erroneous or dangerous and may cause harm to the faithful."While certain of his teachings were declared false, the congregation did not condemn or censure him, or prohibit him from teaching or lecturing. However, Federico Lombardi at the Vatican Press Office hinted at the possibility that his bishop or superior in the Jesuit order might choose to take action. The congregation emphasized in the notification that it was issued as part of its service "to the people of God, and particularly to the simple and poorest members of the Church." They emphasized the people's "right to know the truth ... about Christ" and therefore their corresponding duty to intervene. The notification was premised on Benedict XVI's teaching that "the first poverty among people is not to know Christ." According to the Notification, <mask>'s erroneous propositions concerned: "1) the methodological presuppositions on which the Author bases his theological reflection, 2) the Divinity of Jesus Christ, 3) the Incarnation of the Son of God, 4) the relationship between Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God, 5) the Self-consciousness of Jesus, and 6) the salvific value of his Death." At the root of what the Vatican saw as <mask>'s error is his affirmation that "the 'Church of the poor' is the ecclesial 'setting' of Christology and offers it its fundamental orientation."However, the Vatican believes that it is "only the apostolic faith which the Church has transmitted through all generations that constitutes the ecclesial setting of Christology and of theology in general." Contrary to criticisms that the Vatican acted without due consultation and unfairly, the Vatican says that a Notification is made after notifying the author of the statements that are seen to be problematic and after awaiting a reply from the author who is given 3 months whereby to respond. Retired professor of theology Peter Hünermann (then Tübingen, Germany) declared in April 2007 that the Vatican notification was a "shock" for all theologians, because along with Sobrino "the most distinguished exegetes and systematic theologians – both Catholic and Protestant – stood in the dock". Supported by more than 100 professors of Catholic theology, Hünermann also demanded an "intelligent redevelopment" of the Vatican Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, because, as successor organization of the Holy Office, it still had the structure of an "early modern board of censors". <mask>'s work was reviewed by a number of theologians, including , , Javier Vitoria, Carlo Palacio of Belo Horizonte, and Martin Maier, editor of the German Jesuit periodical Stimmen der Zeit. These theologians found no doctrinal errors in Sobrino's works. It is not apparent that their findings have been considered by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.References

External links

  An anthology written in response to the notification. full text of Vatican rebuke

 Video clip of <mask> discussing Salvadoran war

1938 births
20th-century Spanish Jesuits
21st-century Spanish Jesuits
People of Basque descent
Christian radicals
Dissident Roman Catholic theologians
Jesuit missionaries
Jesuit theologians
Liberation theologians
Living people
Clergy from Barcelona
Roman Catholic missionaries in El Salvador
Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology alumni
Spanish Roman Catholic missionaries
20th-century Spanish Roman Catholic theologians
Central American University faculty

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<mask> is an American chef based in Oxford, Mississippi. he owns four restaurants in the city of Oxford: City Grocery, Big Bad Breakfast, Bourè, and Snackbar in addition to a catering business, The Main Event. Currence also owns numerous Big Bad Breakfast locations in Alabama, Florida, Tennessee and South Carolina. He won a James Beard Award in 2009 for the category of Best Chef, South, at City Grocery. He later also participated in the third season of the Bravo television competition Top Chef Masters. Early life
<mask> was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. The majority of his childhood was spent in the American South, but in the early 1970s his family moved to the United Kingdom.His father worked for Texaco Oil. His mother, a teacher at Isidore Newman School, took Currence and his brother out of that same school for four-day weekends to travel around Europe and experience the cuisines of Italy, Germany, and France. After returning to the Carolinas and graduating high school, Currence attended Hampden-Sydney College and the University of North Carolina. One of his part-time jobs while at the university was as a dishwasher at Bill Neal's Crook's Corner restaurant, which had recently been profiled by The New York Times. His first cooking job was on a tugboat in the Gulf of Mexico, but his professional career began under Bill Neal at his Chapel Hill, North Carolina restaurant, Crooks Corner. In 1989, Currence returned to New Orleans to be sous chef at Gautreau's, co-owned by Larkin Selman. In 1992, Currence began to plan a restaurant of his own.He was inspired to re-open City Grocery, a restaurant in Oxford, Mississippi that had been built inside a Reconstruction era livery stable. Career

Restaurants
Currence owns four restaurants in Oxford, Mississippi: City Grocery, Bourè, Snackbar, and Big Bad Breakfast, which he expanded to include locations in Charleston, South Carolina, Inlet Beach, Florida, Florence, Alabama, Homewood, Alabama,  Birmingham, Alabama, Franklin, Tennessee, Nashville, Tennessee, Memphis, TN and Louisville, KY. He also owns The Main Event, a catering business based in Oxford for in-house and off-site catering events. A fifth Oxford-based venture, Lamar Lounge, since closed. According to Vogue, "[y]ou can't visit Oxford without hearing someone sing the praises of Chef <mask>urrence." City Grocery was Currence's first restaurant, with a Southern and traditional Creole French menu, opened in 1992, and has been in Oxford Courthouse Square since 1996. The New York Times recommended "its rowdy upstairs bar and elegant dining below".It was named one of the "South's Best Bars" by Southern Living in 2013. In fall 1999, it won its first of several Wine Spectator Awards of Excellence. Big Bad Breakfast started in Oxford in 2008, but later spawned additional locations in Florida, Alabama, Tennessee, and South Carolina. It has received recognition from publications like The Culture Trip, which named it one of the best diners in the South by in 2016, The Daily Meal, Serious Eats, and Travel and Leisure. Snackbar opened in 2009, and its chef Vishwesh Bhatt won the James Beard Award for Best Chef in the South in 2019. Currence bought barbecue restaurant Lamar Lounge in 2012. It received attention from publications like Sports Illustrated and Garden & Gun, but closed in 2016.It reopened as Fat Eddie's, an American Italian restaurant, which itself closed in 2017. TV appearances
Currence was featured as a contestant on season 3 of the reality television cooking competition Top Chef Masters. He won the second week of the competition, "Everything Old is New Again", but was knocked out in the third episode. Bravo TV, the network on which Top Chef Masters is hosted, released <mask>'s pre competition interview. Currence joined Andrew Zimmern on the Travel Channel's Bizarre Foods, exploring The Blues Trail to try unusual BLT sandwiches, including one made with testicles. He has also appeared on an episode of Anthony Bourdain's No Reservations: Parts Unknown, about the Mississippi Delta and southern culture. In 2009 he was featured on the CBS Early Show during a segment called "A Chef on a Shoestring".The segment featured how to cook a three-course meal for four for under $35. Publications
Currence has published th books, Pickles, Pigs & Whiskey: Recipes from My Three Favorite Food Groups and Then Some, Big Bad Breakfast: The Most Important Book of the Day and Tailgreat: How to Crush It at Tailgating. He was a contributor to the cookbook Wild Abundance: Ritual, Revelry & Recipes of the South's Finest Hunting Clubs. Pickles, Pigs & Whiskey was featured or reviewed by The New York Times Book Review, which called it "a culinary rebel yell in a new key", as well as The Washington Post, Eater, and others. Big Bad Breakfast was featured as the Los Angeles Times Cookbook of the Week. Awards and recognition
<mask> was the recipient of the James Beard Award in 2009 for Best Chef South. The Southern Documentary Project filmed the announcement and his acceptance speech.The Mississippi Restaurant Association awarded him the Restaurateur of the Year and Chef of the Year awards. In 2008, Currence won The Great American Seafood Cookoff hosted annually in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Southern Foodways Alliance awarded Currence the Guardian of Tradition award in 2006, and he was awarded the Mississippi State Tourism Investment Award in 2015. In 2014 the Southern Independent Booksellers Alliance (SIBA) awarded Currence Best Cookbook Award for Pickles, Pigs & Whiskey. Philanthropy and activism
Currence was featured in The New York Times for launching the Big Gay Mississippi Welcome Table, a protest against Governor Phil Bryant's signing of the anti-gay House Bill 1523. When interviewed for Top Chef Masters, he emphasized that if he won the competition, he would donate prize money to No Kid Hungry, a fund to end childhood hunger in the United States. References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from New Orleans
American chefs
American male chefs
American restaurateurs

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<mask>. (April 10, 1917 – October 8, 1942) was a United States Army Air Corps officer and a recipient of the United States military's highest award, the Medal of Honor, for his actions during World War II. He was the namesake for Pease Air Force Base, now Pease Air National Guard Base. Biography

<mask> was born and raised in Plymouth, New Hampshire, and graduated from Tilton School, a college-preparatory school. He then attended the University of New Hampshire, where he became a brother of Theta Chi fraternity. In 1939, he graduated with a degree in business administration and enlisted in the Army Air Corps. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in June 1940 and awarded pilot rating upon completion of flight training at Kelly Field, Texas. <mask> was assigned to the 19th Bombardment Group (19th BG) as a B-17 pilot at Albuquerque Army Air Base, and in October 1941 flew with the group to Clark Field in the Philippines.As part of the Far East Air Force, <mask> was present at Clark Field when it was bombed by Japanese aircraft on December 8, 1941, flew missions in defense of the Philippines, and evacuated with the group to Darwin, Northern Territory, on December 20, 1941. <mask> continued to fly missions with the group in defense of Java until the end of February 1942. As the Japanese advanced in the Philippines, <mask> was ordered to lead three B-17s of the 19th BG to Del Monte Field on Mindanao to evacuate General Douglas MacArthur, along with the general's family and staff, to Australia. One of the battered planes was forced to abort early, while another developed engine trouble and crashed south of Del Monte. <mask> landed his Fortress safely, despite its inoperative wheel brakes. MacArthur was shocked at the sight of <mask>'s aircraft, upon which the ground crews of the undersupplied 19th BG had used cut-up ration cans to patch bullet holes, as well as <mask> himself, whom MacArthur described as a "child". MacArthur flatly refused to place his wife and son aboard <mask>'s B-17 and instead waited for another plane to arrive two days later.In May, from a base near Townsville, Queensland, the 19th BG supported naval carrier aircraft in the Battle of the Coral Sea, and bombed targets on the north coast of New Guinea, 16–18 hour missions that necessitated staging through Port Moresby. During the first six months of the war, the 19th BG was awarded four Distinguished Unit Citations. On August 6, 1942, one engine of <mask>'s B-17 failed during a mission, forcing a return to its base at Mareeba Airfield for repairs. The 19th BG had already scheduled a "maximum effort" mission against Rabaul, New Britain, on August 7 but <mask> and his crew, with their aircraft out of commission, were not scheduled. <mask> understood the importance of the mission and was determined to rejoin the group. Only one B-17 at Mareeba was able to fly, a "war-weary" bomber relegated to training. Its engines needed an overhaul, some armament had been dismounted, and the electric fuel-transfer pump had been used for replacement parts.<mask> had a fuel tank installed in the bomb bay, with a handpump rigged to transfer fuel, and in less than three hours, was en route to Port Moresby with his crew, all of whom had also volunteered for the mission. They landed at 1:00 a.m. after working or flying almost continuously since 6:00 a.m. the previous day. With only three hours' crew rest, <mask> took off with the group to attack Rabaul's Vunakanau airdrome. While  from the target, the group was attacked by more than 30 Japanese fighters. <mask> and his crew claimed several of the fighters, fought their way to the target, and bombed successfully, but sustained heavy damage in the attacks. After leaving the target area, <mask>'s crippled B-17 fell behind the rest of the formation. Once again attacked by fighters, he was seen to jettison the burning bomb bay fuel tank before falling back out of sight.<mask> and his crew were presumed killed in action. Before the B-17 crashed, however, <mask> and another crew member were able to bail out; both were captured and taken to a POW camp in Rabaul. <mask> languished there until October 8, 1942. On that date, <mask>, three other Americans, and two Australians were forced to dig their own grave, then were beheaded. Postwar, the remains of three of <mask>'s crew were found and identified; however, the remains of <mask> and those killed with him were not recovered. On December 2, 1942, the Medal of Honor, awarded posthumously to <mask>, was presented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to his parents. The recommendation for the award had been issued by Major General George Kenney, with an endorsement General MacArthur had personally written when Kenney notified him of <mask>'s death.In June 1957, Portsmouth Air Force Base in New Hampshire was renamed Pease Air Force Base in his honor. It closed in March 1991; a portion continues to operate as Pease Air National Guard Base. Medal of Honor citation
<mask>, <mask>, Jr.
(Air Mission)

Rank and organization: captain, U.S. Army Air Corps, 93rd Bombardment Squadron. Place and date near Rabaul, New Britain, 6 – August 7, 1942. Entered service at: Plymouth, N.H. Birth: Plymouth, N.H. G.O. No.: 59, November 4, 1942. Citation

For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action with the enemy on 6–7 August 1942. When 1 engine of the bombardment airplane of which he was pilot failed during a bombing mission over New Guinea, Capt. <mask> was forced to return to a base in Australia. Knowing that all available airplanes of his group were to participate the next day in an attack on an enemy-held airdrome near Rabaul, New Britain, although he was not scheduled to take part in this mission, Capt. <mask> selected the most serviceable airplane at this base and prepared it for combat, knowing that it had been found and declared unserviceable for combat missions. With the members of his combat crew, who volunteered to accompany him, he rejoined his squadron at Port Moresby, New Guinea, at 1 a.m. on 7 August, after having flown almost continuously since early the preceding morning.With only 3 hours' rest, he took off with his squadron for the attack. Throughout the long flight to Rabaul, New Britain, he managed by skillful flying of his unserviceable airplane to maintain his position in the group. When the formation was intercepted by about 30 enemy fighter airplanes before reaching the target, Capt. <mask>, on the wing which bore the brunt of the hostile attack, by gallant action and the accurate shooting by his crew, succeeded in destroying several Zeros before dropping his bombs on the hostile base as planned, this in spite of continuous enemy attacks. The fight with the enemy pursuit lasted 25 minutes until the group dived into cloud cover. After leaving the target, Capt. <mask>'s aircraft fell behind the balance of the group due to unknown difficulties as a result of the combat, and was unable to reach this cover before the enemy pursuit succeeded in igniting 1 of his bomb bay tanks.He was seen to drop the flaming tank. It is believed that Capt. <mask>'s airplane and crew were subsequently shot down in flames, as they did not return to their base. In voluntarily performing this mission Capt. <mask> contributed materially to the success of the group, and displayed high devotion to duty, valor, and complete contempt for personal danger. His undaunted bravery has been a great inspiration to the officers and men of his unit. See also

List of Medal of Honor recipients

Sources

References

Further reading

External links

1917 births
1942 deaths
United States Army Air Forces Medal of Honor recipients
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
United States Army Air Forces officers
United States Army Air Forces personnel killed in World War II
Aviators killed by being shot down
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
Recipients of the Air Medal
World War II recipients of the Medal of Honor
People from Plymouth, New Hampshire
University of New Hampshire alumni
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents

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