texts:
Betty Gleadle  (11 December 1921 – 24 December 2016), known by the stage name <mask>, was an  English character actress, known for her roles in BBC sitcoms, including as Annie Brandon in I Didn't Know You Cared (1975–1979), the sisters Bette and Belle in 2point4 Children (1991–1999), Letitia Cropley in The Vicar of Dibley (1994–1996) and Norma Jean Speakman ("Nana") in The Royle Family (1998–2000, 2006). She also played Zillah in Lark Rise to Candleford (2008) and won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for the 1984 film A Private Function. Early life
<mask> was born Betty Gleadle in 1921 in the Crosby area of Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire. Her mother died when she was two. Her father walked out of her life shortly afterwards, when his new wife did not wish him to have any contact with his previous life. She was brought up by her widowed grandmother and attended Crosby Junior School and the Scunthorpe Modern and Day Commercial Schools in Cole Street. During the Second World War, she served in the Women's Royal Naval Service of the Royal Navy.Career

Early roles
In 1971, aged 49, she had a career breakthrough when she appeared as the downtrodden mother in Mike Leigh's film Bleak Moments:

<mask> starred in It's a Lovely Day Tomorrow, written by Bernard Kops and directed by John Goldschmidt, which depicted the real-life drama of the Bethnal Green Tube Disaster during World War II. A role in Hard Labour followed. After that she appeared in Emmerdale Farm (as Hilda Semple), Last of the Summer Wine, Bootsie and Snudge, Crown Court, I Didn't Know You Cared and The Sweeney. She also appeared as Madame Balls in The Pink Panther Strikes Again (1976), but her scenes were deleted and remained unseen until Trail of the Pink Panther in 1982. She was seen in Curse of the Pink Panther (1983), and later Son of the Pink Panther (1993) in the same role. In the 1970s and 1980s, <mask> appeared in many popular UK television programmes, including The Duchess of Duke Street, Within These Walls, In Loving Memory, The Gentle Touch, Agatha Christie's Partners in Crime, The Life and Loves of a She-Devil, One by One as Gran Turner and The Lenny Henry Show. In 1984, <mask> received a BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as the mother of <mask>'s character in A Private Function.In 1980 <mask> won a role in Sir Henry at Rawlinson End as Lady Philippa of Staines. She later appeared in the thriller, Apartment Zero, which was featured in the 1988 Sundance Film Festival. <mask> played the role of one of two eccentric characters (the other is Dora Bryan) described by The Washington Post as two "... tea-and-crumpet gargoyle-featured spinsters who snoop the corridors." 1990s
<mask> started the 1990s by appearing in 2point4 Children (as "Aunt Belle" and "Bette"), Bottom, The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles and Lovejoy. In 1994, she played the lead role in the Children's BBC series Pirates and the supporting role of Letitia Cropley for seven episodes in The Vicar of Dibley. This made her a household name, but in the 1996 Easter Special episode the character died. In November 1995, she made a guest appearance in the BBC1 medical drama series Casualty.In 1998, she starred in another sitcom, The Royle Family. This aired until 2000, but came back for a special episode in 2006 when her character, Nana, died. In the meantime, she had appeared in The Queen's Nose, The Bill and Secrets & Lies. In 1999, <mask> was featured in A Christmas Carol as Mrs Dilber. She portrayed that same character in the 1984 version and also appeared as Miss Lory in Alice in Wonderland. 2000s and 2010s
<mask> continued to act until ill-health beset her in 2009, appearing in such TV programmes as Trial & Retribution V and Doctors. In 2005, she played Grandma Georgina in the film Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and provided the voice of Mrs. Mulch in Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit, as well as small roles in Oliver Twist and Keeping Mum.In 2001, she appeared as herself in Lily Savage's Blankety Blank. In 2006 <mask> published her autobiography Our Betty and around the same time, moved to a retirement home in Hampstead, London. In 2007, she published a series of short stories entitled Jottings: Flights of Fancy and appeared in the Little Man Tate music video "This Must Be Love". On 5 December 2007, <mask> won the Best Television Comedy Actress at the British Comedy Awards for her role in The Royle Family. In 2006 she made a cameo appearance in Kenneth Branagh's film The Magic Flute, a version in English of the Mozart opera. However, her role did not require her to sing. She portrayed Old Papagena who, later on in the film, magically transforms into Young Papagena (played by soprano Silvia Moi) and marries the birdcatcher Papageno (played by baritone Benjamin Jay Davis).In 2008 she starred in the first series of the period drama Lark Rise to Candleford. That same year she was a castaway on BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs and was in the film City of Ember, which was released in October 2008. In July 2009 she featured in a one-hour BBC Four documentary called <mask>'s Summer Cruise, where she joined a group of like-minded individuals on a cruise from Croatia to Venice. That same month, having suffered a series of strokes a few months earlier, she announced her retirement from acting at the age of 87. <mask> was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2009 New Year Honours. In 2010, she took part in the BBC TV programme The Young Ones, in which six celebrities in their 70s and 80s attempted to overcome some of the problems of ageing by harking back to the 1970s. Personal life and death
In 1945 she married Jack Thomas, whom she met while on service in India.They had two children but divorced in 1959. <mask> brought up her son and daughter on her own. She described this as an extremely difficult period in her life, as she struggled against financial difficulties and social disapproval of her status as a divorcee. <mask> died on 24 December 2016 at her home in Worthing, West Sussex, thirteen days after her 95th birthday. Shane Allen, controller of BBC comedy commissioning, said that <mask> had "brilliantly captured the grandparent in everyone's family" as Nana in The Royle Family. Mike Leigh said "She was a complete breath of fresh air... she was not your bog standard middle-aged actress." The final episode of the lockdown edition of The Vicar of Dibley ended with a tribute just before the closing credits reading, "In loving memory of <mask>, John, Emma and Roger", paying tribute to her and also three other late Dibley cast members (John Bluthal, Emma Chambers and Roger Lloyd-Pack).TV and filmography

References

External links

 Obituary: <mask> From BBC News

1921 births
2016 deaths
20th-century English actresses
21st-century English actresses
Actresses from Lincolnshire
Royal Navy personnel of World War II
Women's Royal Naval Service ratings
Best Supporting Actress BAFTA Award winners
English film actresses
English soap opera actresses
English television actresses
English voice actresses
Members of the Order of the British Empire
People from Scunthorpe
Women in the Royal Navy
British women in World War II

masks:
Liz Smith
Liz Smith
Smith
Smith
Liz Smith
Maggie Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Liz Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Liz
Liz Smith


type: original

texts:
<mask>'Connell (born December 10, 1988) is an American singer/songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and producer from Rochester, New York. She has independently released six solo albums, and two EP's as a duo with Nataly Dawn under the group name My Terrible Friend. Early life

<mask>'Connell was born in Rochester, NY on December 10, 1988. She began playing guitar at the age of twelve and wrote her first song by the age of fifteen. Her early performing experience came from playing open mic nights with her high school friend, Julia Nunes. In 2007, O'Connell went to Saxon Recording in Rochester, New York at the suggestion of a friend and recorded her debut album Sitting in Chairs with engineer Dave Anderson. She recorded the entire album in one day, using single takes of each song.Shortly after releasing Sitting in Chairs, O'Connell began attending Binghamton University. Throughout her first year she continued to write and perform. She began uploading videos of her original songs to YouTube so that she could share them with her friends from Rochester, including Nunes. Nunes made videos as well and garnered an unexpected following, and her videos led audiences to find O'Connell's work. O'Connell's first videos were simple one-takes of original songs with guitar and voice, but they soon progressed to include cover songs with layered harmonies and accompaniment, usually with O'Connell playing all of the instruments herself. Though she generally uses traditional instruments in her songs, O'Connell has sometimes used unconventional means when recording, including wine glasses, a metal tool cabinet, kicks to a garage door, a tennis racket covered in change, and a deck of playing cards. In late 2008, she decided to leave school and pursue music full-time.Career
Shortly after leaving school, O'Connell began recording her follow-up album The Shakes, which was released in early 2009. During the summer of 2009, O'Connell met Jack Conte and Nataly Dawn of Pomplamoose when they came to New York to produce Nunes' I Think You Know EP. In 2010, O'Connell moved to Sonoma County, CA where she moved into a house with Conte and Dawn. A few months after moving to California, she and Dawn began a collaboration called My Terrible Friend. The duo recorded an EP titled Room for Ghosts in their home studio and released it on July 7, 2010. On July 20, 2010 O'Connell and Dawn were featured on the YouTube homepage for Music Tuesday, both individually and as My Terrible Friend. Though O'Connell's fanbase was initially centered on the local area where she performed, her YouTube presence exposed her music to a much wider audience.In April 2009 she was scheduled to play two shows in London, but was detained by Customs and forced to cancel them. Customs agents allowed her to leave and stay the night with a friend, but sent her back to the US the next day. On November 8, 2009 she played with Pomplamoose at the wedding of Take That member Mark Owen and English actress Emma Ferguson in Cawdor Church, Scotland. Ferguson, a fan of Rufus Wainwright, discovered Nataly Dawn's cover of Wainwright's song "Cigarettes and Chocolate Milk" and invited Dawn to play the song at the wedding. She then discovered Pomplamoose and O'Connell and Dawn's "The Daylight Here" and invited Jack Conte and O'Connell to play as well. In September 2010 O'Connell was chosen as the West Regional Winner of the 2010 Mountain Stage Newsong Contest. On October 22, 2010 she joined eleven other finalists from across America and Canada at Arts World Financial Center's Wintergarden in New York City for the Award Round performance competition and an opportunity to record an EP with Grammy winning producer Jacquire King.On December 14, 2010, O'Connell announced that she was raising money to record a new album and was working with Pledgemusic in order to give fans an opportunity to help fund studio time, with the goal of being in the studio sometime in January 2011. In return for pledging O'Connell decided to include personalized merchandise ranging from autographed CDs and T-shirts, handwritten lyrics, and hand-drawn artwork to house concerts, her personal iPod filled with music, and even grocery shopping or mini-golf with the pledger when she comes to their city for a show. The project was set for a sixty-day pledge period, however, fan pledges exceeded the target amount in the first 24 hours, making it the fastest Pledgemusic project ever to reach its goal. One week later she added more of the incentives that sold out quickly as well as new incentives like the harmonicas she uses for her videos and albums, a Photoshop vacation photo with the pledger, and a volleyball painted with the pledger's face in the style of "Wilson" from the movie Cast Away, joking that her New Year's resolution was to make progressively weirder arts and crafts. The project raised 268% of the original goal by the time it concluded on February 14, 2011. Discography

Sitting in Chairs

O'Connell's debut album was recorded at Saxon Recording in Rochester, New York in early 2007. Sitting in Chairs was recorded in just one day, single-tracked with an acoustic guitar.Track List
Sitting in Chairs
Levers and Gears
Good Intentions
My Equations
I'm All Talk
Chimney Smoke
Just Be
All the Perching Crows
Somewhere in Between
There Will Be

The Shakes

O'Connell's second album was recorded in late 2008 in Rochester, New York at GFI Music. It was released in early 2009. Unlike her previous album, The Shakes features accompaniment, including drums, horns, strings, and piano. Track List
From Chambers, Slow
Chicken Wire
The Pilot
Things I Panic About
I Don't Mind
Bystander
Oncoming Traffic
1988
Sweet Lament
Tangled Up Kites

Room for Ghosts
In the summer of 2010 O'Connell collaborated with her roommate Nataly Dawn of Pomplamoose and the duo released Room for Ghosts as My Terrible Friend in July 2010. The five track EP was recorded in their home studio and includes three original songs, as well as covers of "Diamonds and Gold" by Tom Waits and "Holy Roller Novocaine" by Kings of Leon. Track list
When I Decide
Diamonds and Gold
Holy Roller Novocaine
The Daylight Here
Dying to Live

Quitters

On January 25, 2012, O'Connell announced via her website that she would be releasing a new album on March 2. Quitters was produced by O'Connell and engineered & mixed by Oz Fritz at Prairie Sun Studios in Cotati, California.Track list
Every Space
I Will Burn You Down
I Belong To You
Things Are Alright
If Found/Gravity
What Breaks (and What Doesn't)
Maybe True Stories
The Same Things
In The Next Room
White Noise

Covers
In 2012, O'Connell compiled eleven songs she had released on YouTube into her album Covers, featuring songs originally performed by Bruce Springsteen, Warren Zevon, the Everly Brothers and others, as well as two traditional American songs. Her rendition of "All I Have to Do Is Dream" was featured on The Good Wife and "House of the Rising Sun" was featured in television promos for American Horror Story's third season, Coven. Track list
All I Have to Do Is Dream
Dancing in the Dark
Little Maggie
The Way I Feel Inside
Peacebone
Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner
The One I Love is Gone
Other People (feat. Will Sturgeon)
Don't Think Twice, It's All Right
House of the Rising Sun

Details
On February 9, 2018, O'Connell released her fourth original album Details, an effort fan-funded via Kickstarter. The album was produced by Olivia Lee and O'Connell, and featured Lee as a guitarist as well as drummer <mask> and bassist Josh Fossgreen. It was mixed by Ian Pellicci and Beau Sorenson and mastered by T.W. Walsh.O'Connell published a companion essay for the album in which she shared about her experiences with mental health that informed some of the songs on the album. Track list
Superimposed
Moon Hang Low
In on the Joke
Shimmering Silver
Guilt
Rest Easy
Out of Focus
Under Control
Knowing Her Name
Build Yourself

Covers Two
On August 25, 2020, O'Connell released her second collection of cover songs, entitled Covers Two, featuring covers of songs by Big Star, Gillian Welch, the Magnetic Fields, Iris Dement and others. Track list
Thirteen
Laminated Cat
Ruiniation Day, Pt. II
I Hear Them All
Hungry Heart
Our Town
I Fall to Pieces
Kola
Atlantic City
Heart of Gold
I Don't Want to Get Over You

References

External links

 YouTube
 <mask>'Connell Patreon
<mask>'Connell on Bandcamp

Singer-songwriters from New York (state)
1988 births
Living people
21st-century American singers
Queer musicians
American guitarists
American folk singers
Alternative country musicians
Women guitarists
Women songwriters
American women songwriters
21st-century American women

masks:
Lauren O
Lauren O
Lauren Grubb
Lauren O
Lauren O


texts:
<mask> (June 27, 1870November 5, 1947) was an American zoologist and an early pioneer of the study of embryology. Born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, <mask> moved to the United States in 1891 to study for a summer at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. <mask> formed a lifelong association with the laboratory, eventually rising to become its director in 1908. His efforts developed the MBL into a full-time institution. <mask> was appointed an Assistant Professor at the University of Chicago in 1900. He was named Chairman of the Department of Zoology in 1910 and Dean of the Division of Biological Sciences in 1931. His research there was instrumental in the development of the field of embryology.He identified the influence of potassium on cell differentiation and elucidated the biological mechanisms behind free-martins. <mask> was instrumental in founding the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and served as its first president. He also served at times as the chairman of the National Academy of Sciences and the United States National Research Council. Biography
<mask> <mask> was born on June 27, 1870, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. His father was a wholesale druggist and accountant. After attending a laboratory school as a youth, Lillie enrolled at the University of Toronto. Originally intending to study theology, Lillie came under the tutelage of Robert Ramsay Wright and Archibald Macallum, who influenced Lillie to study endocrinology and embryology.<mask> graduated in 1891 and moved to the United States. He accepted a summer position at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, then became a fellow in zoology at Clark University, where he studied under Charles Otis Whitman. In 1892 he was lured by Whitman to the newly founded University of Chicago. In 1894 (at the age of 24) he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology summa cum laude. Between 1894-1899 he was instructor of zoology at University of Michigan. He married Frances Williams Crane, whom he met at MBL, June 29, 1895. Crane was the daughter of wealthy Chicago businessman Richard T. Crane.Between 1899–1900 he was Professor of Biology at Vassar College but in 1900 he was called back to Chicago as Assistant Professor of Zoology, where he would spend the next thirty years. In 1906, at the age of 36, he became Professor of Embryology. In 1910 he succeeded Whitman as Chairman of the Department of Zoology and continued in that capacity until 1931. From 1931 to 1935 he was Dean of the Division of the Biological Sciences. While researching at the University of Chicago, <mask> also became active in the administration of the MBL. <mask> became assistant director of the laboratory in 1900. In 1902, <mask> was able to convince representatives from the Rockefeller Foundation, Carnegie Corporation of New York, General Education Board, and brother-in-law Charles Richard Crane to provide the institution with financial support.After Whitman retired in 1908 to chair the zoology department, <mask> took his place as the director of the laboratory. He held this position until 1925, when he was appointed the president of the MBL board of trustees. <mask> oversaw the board until his retirement in 1942. Ernest Everett Just studied under Lillie from 1909 to 1930. He is credited with transforming the institution from a summer retreat to a long-term research institution. At a 1925 meeting of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), <mask> suggested that a committee be formed to begin a national oceanography organization. The NAS agreed if Lillie could raise funds for its establishment.With a $3 million grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, <mask> was able to establish the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 1930. He was named its first president and served in this role until 1939. <mask> was awarded the Alexander Agassiz Medal by the NAS in 1940 for his efforts. The American Society of Zoologists named <mask> the organization's representative to the United States National Research Council (NRC) Division of Biology and Agriculture in 1919. Three years later, he was named the chair of the division. From 1935 to 1939 he was served as President of the NAS. From 1935 to 1936, he was also Chairman of the NRC.<mask> served on the fellowship board of the latter institution for several years after his term expired. <mask> had four daughters and adopted three sons. He died in Chicago on November 5, 1947. A building on the MBL campus is named after <mask>. On May 11, 1976, the National Park Service recognized <mask>'s house in Chicago as a National Historic Landmark. Research
Embryology was still a relatively new field when <mask> began his studies. In 1901, <mask> published his first major work on the subject.After exposing eggs to abnormal concentrations of potassium, <mask> noted that unsegmented eggs underwent cellular differentiation in the absence of mitosis. In 1919, <mask> summarized his findings to that point in Problems of Fertilization, where he concluded that fertilization was a series of timed and irreversible events. <mask> was also a pioneer in the study of sex steroids in sexual differentiation. He published "The Theory of the Free-martin" in Science in 1917, which found that sex steroids in the blood controlled differentiation. Free-martins, sterile female cows born without sex organs, were a perplexing issue for cattle ranchers. Lillie found that free-martins formed when twins shared the same placenta. The hormones from the male twin would then be shared with the female, stunting the growth of her reproductive system.Eugenics
<mask> was involved in the American eugenics movement at multiple levels: he was member of Chicago’s Eugenics Education Society, he was a committee member of the Second International Eugenics Congress, and he served on the advisory council for the Eugenics Committee of the United States. https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/frank-rattray-lillie-1870-1947

<mask>'s status as a first-rate scientist likely helped to legitimize eugenics. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10999949.2016.1230821

References

Further reading
 "Addresses at the Lillie Memorial Meeting, Woods Hole, August 11, 1948" Biological Bulletin,  Vol 95, No2, 151–162, October 1948;
 "Moon Out of the Well; Reminscences," by Mary Prentice <mask> Barrows (daughter of F.R<mask>), unpublished 1970;
 "The Development of the Chick. An Introduction to Embryology. <mask>, <mask>. New York,  Henry Holt, 1908. Gilbert, S. F. 2003.Edmund Beecher Wilson and <mask><mask> and the relationship between evolution and development, Developmental Biology, Seventh edition, Sinauer

External links
National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir

 Guide to the Frank R. Lillie Papers 1899–1941 at the University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center

1870 births
1947 deaths
American zoologists
University of Chicago faculty
Clark University fellows
University of Michigan faculty
Vassar College faculty
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
People from Old Toronto
Scientists from Toronto
Scientists from Chicago

masks:
Frank Rattray Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Frank Rattray
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
Lillie
. Lillie
Lillie
Frank R
Frank R
. Lillie


texts:
<mask> (January 1, 1916 – May 18, 1994) was a Filipino politician, journalist, businessman, and rural development advocate. He was a key government official during the administration of president Ramon Magsaysay, best known for his stint as the head of the Presidential Complaints and Action Commission. Together with Raul Manglapus, he co-founded the Progressive Party of the Philippines and served as its presidential candidate in 1957. He also served as Senator of the Philippines from 1961 until 1967. Early life and career
<mask> was the third of six children of <mask> and Cleotilde Perez. He finished high school in 1933 at the Ateneo de Manila, and acquired his bachelor of arts degree in 1937 at the same institution. After finishing his studies, <mask> began a business career, most notably in soft drinks manufacturing.In 1933, he established the Philippine Standard Products Company. In 1937, he became a business apprentice at H.E. Heacock and Company, a major department store on Escolta Street in Manila. During World War II, he was imprisoned in Fort Santiago by Japanese forces after he was suspected of being in contact with the Philippine Army. He shared a crowded cell along with other prominent Filipinos such as Eulogio Rodriguez, Colonel Jose Olivares, and Bienvenido de la Paz. He was eventually released four months later. After his release, he went on to work for the Liberator, an underground newspaper.For this he was awarded the honor of Officer of the Philippine Legion of Honor in 1950. Journalistic career
After World War II, <mask> assisted in the editing and publication of the Free Philippines, a political paper. Later, he published three Manila newspapers, namely: the Liberty News (English daily), Bagong Buhay (Tagalog daily), and La Voz de Manila (Spanish publication). In 1945, he also served as the representative of the Philippine press at the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco. In 1953, he was elected as the president of the Philippine News Service. Early government service
In 1954, he was appointed by President Ramon Magsaysay as the head of the Presidential Complaints and Action Commission (PCAC), a newly formed commission responsible for receiving complaints against government officials and employees, among other problems. He also headed an anonymous organization responsible for screening prospective appointees of the Magsaysay administration for their moral fitness.Due to his success in managing the PCAC, he was later appointed as commissioner of customs. In his new position, he successfully implemented significant reforms in the graft-prone agency. For this, the Philippine Free Press dubbed as the "Man of the Year" in 1955. He also played a key role in four months of negotiations and the surrender of Luis Taruc, the leader of the communist group Hukbalahap, on 17 May 1954. 1957 presidential campaign
When Magsaysay died due to a plane crash in 1957, Vice President Carlos P. Garcia soon assumed office as President. With the presidential election scheduled to be held in the same year, Magsaysay's death also triggered a chaotic political situation in the country, most notably with the ruling Nacionalista Party. <mask>, among other Nacionalistas closely associated with Magsaysay, were disappointed by the "cold treatment" given to them by allies of President Garcia and decided to leave the party.Soon, <mask> co-founded the Progressive Party of the Philippines together with Raul Manglapus. The new party aimed to be an alternative to the Nacionalista Party and the Liberal Party. <mask> served as its candidate for the presidential election, with Vicente Araneta as his running mate. Despite having less money compared to the candidates of the two major parties, he was able to rally significant support among the masses with his popular appeal and his resemblance, both physically and ideologically, to the late President Magsaysay. On September 7, 1957, <mask> survived an assassination attempt while campaigning in Opon, Cebu. Andronico Baguio, the would-be assassin, attempted to kill <mask> with a 7-inch knife. However, he was quickly apprehended by <mask>'s bodyguards.<mask> eventually asked the police to release Baguio as soon as they confiscated his knife. <mask> lost to Garcia in the presidential election, managing to rank in 3rd place with 20.90 percent of the vote. Araneta, his running mate, lost to Diosdado Macapagal of the Liberal Party. Senatorial career
In the 1959 general election, the Progressive Party collaborated with defectors from the Nacionalista and Liberal parties to form the Grand Alliance. <mask> became one of the candidates of the Alliance for the senatorial election. However, <mask> was not able to win a seat in the Senate. In the 1961 general election, the Grand Alliance joined forces with the Liberal Party to oppose President Garcia's bid for reelection and endorse Vice-President Macapagal's presidential candidacy.Under the coalition, <mask> made a second attempt for a seat in the Senate and succeeded. As senator, he headed the Senate Committee on Banks, Corporations and Franchises, as well as the Senate committees for scientific management, national defense and security, cultural minorities, and provincial and municipal governments and cities. He also served as a member of the Commission on Appointments. <mask> also worked on the decentralization bill together with longtime ally Manglapus, who was also elected as Senator in the same year. 1965 vice-presidential campaign
After President Diosdado Macapagal failed to meet the expectations of the Grand Alliance, several members, including <mask>, separated from the Liberal Party. In the 1965 general election, the Party for Philippine Progress was formed, with <mask> serving as the running mate for the party's presidential candidate Manglapus. However, both were not successful in the election, with <mask> managing to acquire only 3 percent of the vote.Post-political career and death
After leaving the Senate in 1967, <mask> served as chairman of the Cooperative Foundation of the Philippines and of the Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement. He also served briefly as president of Tabacalera. Prior to the declaration of martial law in 1972, <mask> served as the executive vice-president of the Manila Times Publishing Corporation. Prior to his death, he served as chairman of the board of the College Assurance Plan and the CAP Pension Corporation. <mask> was awarded with the Dona Aurora – Aragon Award for Peace and the "Lux in Domini" award of the Ateneo de Manila. He was also named "Ama ng Kooperatiba" (Father of the Cooperatives) by President Corazon Aquino. <mask> died due to heart failure on May 18, 1994 in Caba, La Union.He was survived by his wife Constancia la Guardia, with whom he has ten children. Family and legacy
After <mask>'s death, a group of family members and friends established the Manuel P. Manahan Foundation in his honor in 2002. The foundation aims to provide integrated programs to enhance the living conditions of members of the marginalized society. His daughter Maria Socorro "Muffet" <mask>, the Executive Director of the Manuel P. Manahan Foundation, was a candidate for the Philippine Senate representing the Partido Federal ng Pilipinas in the 2019 elections. His brother, Constantino P. Manhan, was a medical doctor specializing in obstetrics and was a founder of the Makati Medical Center, and his sister-in-law Elvira Ledesma <mask> (Constantino's wife) was an actress and television talk show host. His grandnephews, <mask> is a television personality, <mask>, is a politician in Hawaii and <mask>, is a public servant in the Department of the Interior and Local Government. References

External links
 Manuel P. Manahan Foundation, Inc.

1916 births
1994 deaths
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
Candidates in the 1957 Philippine presidential election
Senators of the 6th Congress of the Philippines
Senators of the 5th Congress of the Philippines
Nacionalista Party politicians
Progressive Party (Philippines) politicians
Candidates in the 1965 Philippine vice-presidential election
Filipino political party founders

masks:
Manuel Perez Manahan
Manahan
Juan Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Manahan
Johnny Manahan
Joey Manahan
Philip Manahan


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<mask>,  (born March 14, 1944) is a Canadian conductor and motivational speaker. He is one of the most internationally recognized Canadian conductors, having conducted on stages around the world, including Carnegie Hall and Covent Garden. He is known for his innovative methods of introducing classical music to new audiences. Over his career, he has commissioned, performed and recorded a wide variety of Canadian works. <mask> is the founder and artistic director of the National Academy Orchestra of Canada and the Brott Music Festival, both based in Hamilton, Ontario. He is the founding music director and Conductor Laureate of the New West Symphony in Los Angeles, and artistic director and Conductor of the Orchestre classique de Montréal (formerly the McGill Chamber Orchestra). He is a former Principal Youth and Family conductor with the National Arts Centre Orchestra in Ottawa, where he continues to conduct family and education concerts.Early life and emerging career

<mask> <mask> was born Montreal in 1944 to violinist and composer <mask> and cellist Lotte <mask>. He is the brother of cellist <mask>. He studied violin with his father, and performed at the age of five with the Montreal Symphony Orchestra at a young peoples' matinee. He took courses at the Conservatoire de musique du Québec à Montréal and the McGill Conservatory, and in 1956 studied conducting at the summer school of Pierre Monteux, who engaged him as assistant for concerts in Europe. He next studied with Igor Markevitch and won first prize at the 1958 Pan-American conducting competition. In 1959, at the age of 15, he founded the Philharmonic Youth Orchestra of Montreal and led it in his conducting debut in that city. In June 1962, Brott won third prize at the Liverpool Competition.He served 1963-5 as Walter Susskind's assistant conductor with the Toronto Symphony Orchestra and then embarked on a career in England as conductor of the Northern Sinfonia at Newcastle upon Tyne (1964-8). He made several tours with this chamber orchestra, among which was one in Canada, which included concerts at Expo 67. From 1964 to 1967, Brott was principal conductor for the touring company of the Royal Ballet Covent Garden. During the 1965–6 season at Covent Garden he conducted the Royal Ballet's first production at that theatre of Stravinsky's The Soldier's Tale (1966) and toured the production in Britain. He won first prize and a gold medal at the sixth Dimitri Mitropoulos International Music Competition in 1968 and served 1968-9 as assistant conductor to Leonard Bernstein, with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Brott was named one of Canada's Outstanding Young Men in 1969 and 1973 by the Junior Chamber of Commerce. In 1972 Brott was appointed conductor of the BBC Welsh Orchestra.Later career

Development of Canadian Orchestras

Brott directed the Lakehead Symphony Orchestra (Thunder Bay Symphony Orchestra) between 1967 and 1972 and the Regina Symphony Orchestra from 1971 to 1973. From 1969 to 1990 Brott was artistic director and conductor of the Hamilton Philharmonic Orchestra, which grew from an amateur ensemble to a professional one with a 42-week season and 16,000 subscribers. The orchestra also gave birth to the quintet Canadian Brass. Brott and the HPO were in the news when they performed in the middle of a steel factory blast furnace in  Hamilton's industrial core at Dofasco Inc.- now Arcelor Mittal. A charismatic maestro, Brott included visual elements, ballet dancers, Shakespearean actors, film, rock groups, even astronauts to the stages of classical music concerts. In 1975, Brott assumed directorship of the CBC Winnipeg Orchestra. In 1977 he had made his opera debut, conducting Donizetti's Daughter of the Regiment for the COC.Brott later directed Opera Hamilton and guest-conducted with the Canadian Opera Company and Sadler's Wells Opera. Brott served as the Principal Youth and Family conductor with the National Arts Centre Orchestra in Ottawa. From 1982 to 1985 he was artistic director of Symphony Nova Scotia. He led the Ontario Place Pops Orchestra 1983–1991. Founding of Brott Music Festival and National Academy Orchestra of Canada

In 1988, he founded the Brott Music Festival, which has since become Canada's largest orchestral music festival. It is a major cultural event in Hamilton and surrounding areas for the months of July and August. From that, he created the National Academy Orchestra of Canada, recognized in 1999 as a National School by the Department of Canadian Heritage.The NAO pairs music graduates pursuing a career with professional musicians from North American orchestras in a mentor-apprentice relationship. It is Canada's only professional training orchestra and has graduated about 1,000 musicians. Law school, and lecturing, broadcasting and recording
Brott studied law at the University of Western Ontario 1992–5, and in 1995 began giving motivational seminars to Fortune 500 companies using symphonic music as a metaphor. Brott has produced, conducted, or hosted a large number of television and radio programs for the CBC, and the BBC and ITV in the UK, and recorded with various orchestras for CBC, Mercury, Pro-Arte and Sony Classical. Brott became the first music director of the New West Symphony, California, in 1995, and was later named Conductor Laureate. 2000-present
Brott embarked on a  guest conducting schedule at Italy's opera halls, including the Teatro Petruzzelli, the Arena di Verona and the Teatro Giuseppe Verdi in Trieste. In 2000, he conducted the first performance of Bernstein's Mass in Vatican City for an audience which included the late Pope John Paul II.In 2002, he took over leadership of the McGill Chamber Orchestra. In 2011 Brott was named Principal Guest Conductor of the historic Petruzzelli Theatre in Bari, Italy. As of 2021, Brott continues to direct the National Academy Orchestra of Canada and the Brott Music Festival in Hamilton, to conduct the Orchestre classique de Montréal, and to conduct performances for children with the National Arts Centre Orchestra in Ottawa. Honours

In 1986, Brott was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 2006, he was made a member of the Order of Ontario. In May, 2006 he was voted one of the top five Greatest Hamiltonians of all time by Hamilton Spectator readers. In 2007, he was given the Lifetime Achievement Award by Tourism Hamilton and was also awarded Canada's National Child Day award in Ottawa for introducing classical music to over a million schoolchildren over his career to date.Also in 2007, he received the City of Hamilton Lifetime Achievement Arts Award. <mask> is married to author and attorney Ardyth <mask> and has three children. He makes his permanent home in Hamilton, Ontario. References

External links
 Official site
 Brott Music.com
 National Academy Orchestra
 McGill Chamber Orchestra now Orchestre Classique de Montréal
 New West Symphony- Los Angeles

1944 births
Living people
Anglophone Quebec people
Male conductors (music)
Canadian motivational speakers
Conservatoire de musique du Québec à Montréal alumni
Members of the Order of Ontario
Officers of the Order of Canada
Musicians from Hamilton, Ontario
Musicians from Montreal
University of Western Ontario alumni
21st-century Canadian conductors (music)
McGill University School of Music alumni
21st-century Canadian male musicians

masks:
Boris Brott
Brott
Boris Jeremiah
Brott
Alexander Brott
Brott
Denis Brott
Family Brott
Webster Brott


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<mask> (January 4, 1833 – May 2, 1864) was a Confederate States Army colonel during the American Civil War (Civil War). <mask> was mortally wounded while commanding a brigade at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, Arkansas on April 30, 1864, dying two days later. Confederate President Jefferson Davis did not act upon a request made by General E. Kirby Smith on November 8, 1863 to promote Randal to brigadier general. After <mask>'s performance at the Battle of Mansfield, General Smith, as the Confederate commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, assigned <mask> to duty as a brigadier general on April 13, 1864. <mask> was not officially promoted. Jefferson Davis subsequently revoked Smith's appointment of <mask> as a brigadier general. Randal graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1854 and was serving as a Second Lieutenant and Brevet First Lieutenant in the U.S. Army when the Deep South States seceded from the Union.<mask> resigned from the U.S. Army on February 27, 1861, and was promptly appointed colonel of the 28th Texas Cavalry Regiment. Early life
<mask> was born in McNairy County, Tennessee on January 4, 1833. His parents, Dr. <mask> and Sarah Kyle <mask>, moved the family to Texas in 1838. Dr. <mask> was an army surgeon, who later was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas. After five years in attendance, <mask> graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1854, ranking forty-fifth out of forty-six in the class. Originally assigned to the infantry, Randal transferred to the 1st U.S. Dragoons in 1855. He fought Indians in the southwest.In 1857, United States Secretary of War Jefferson Davis recommended that Randal receive the rank of brevet first lieutenant for gallant and meritorious conduct in the conflict with the Apaches. Randal married first Julia Bassett, then Nannie E. Taylor. <mask> was in Washington, D.C. during the week before Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as President of the United States. The U.S. Army's General-in-Chief. Brevet Lieutenant General Winfield Scott, offered Randal a Regular Army commission as major. Randal decided to go with his home state of Texas into the Confederate States of America (the Confederacy). He resigned from the U.S. Army on February 27, 1861.American Civil War service
<mask> was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Army of the Confederate States, the regular army of the Confederacy, on March 26, 1861, to rank from March 16, 1861. By April 25, 1861, when <mask> was ordered to report to General Braxton Bragg at Pensacola, Florida to serve as quartermaster on Bragg's staff. <mask>, however, complained to President Davis that others who were junior to him in the U.S. Army had been given higher grades or ranks and resigned. <mask> intended to return to Texas to raise a regiment for the Confederate Army. At the request of his brother-in-law, Major General Gustavus Woodson Smith, he remained in northern Virginia as a volunteer aide on Smith's staff. Although Jefferson Davis was reluctant to reappoint an officer who had recently resigned, he was persuaded by Smith to appoint <mask> as a lieutenant and aide to Smith. He became a favorite officer of General Joseph E. Johnston while acting as inspector general of G. W. Smith's corps during the winter of 1861–1862.<mask> was authorized to raise a regiment of cavalry in Texas on December 19, 1861. <mask> was known by his contemporaries, such as his West Point roommate John Bell Hood, as an excellent horseman. On February 12, 1862, he returned to Texas to take command of the new 28th Texas Cavalry Regiment, which most often fought dismounted. By December 1862, <mask> commanded a brigade under Brigadier General Henry McCulloch. <mask>'s brigade was held in reserve at the Battle of Milliken's Bend during the Siege of Vicksburg. General E. Kirby Smith recommended that <mask> be promoted to brigadier general on November 8, 1863. No action was taken on the request.Historian Bruce S. Allardice says this was because the brigade was well below brigade strength at the time. At the Battle of Mansfield, April 8, 1864, during the Red River Campaign, <mask>'s brigade broke the Union line and took about 500 prisoners and the Union Army wagon train while leading the pursuit of the fleeing Federal force. On April 13, 1864, General E. Kirby Smith appointed <mask> to duty as a brigadier general. <mask> and his brigade also performed with distinction at the Battle of Pleasant Hill on April 9, 1864. <mask> was mortally wounded while leading a charge at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, the culmination of the Union Camden Expedition under Major General Frederick Steele, which was part of Major General Nathaniel P. Banks's larger Red River Campaign, on April 30, 1864. He died on May 2, 1864 and initially was buried near the battlefield. Aftermath and legacy
At a later date, <mask>'s remains were removed to Old Marshall Cemetery in Marshall, Texas.Despite the misspelling, Randall County, Texas is named for <mask>. See also

List of American Civil War generals (Acting Confederate)

Notes

References
 Allardice, Bruce S. Confederate Colonels: A Biographical Register. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2008. .
 Allardice, Bruce S. More Generals in Gray. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995. .
 Blessington, Joseph P. Campaigns of Walker's Texas Division. New York: Blessington, 1875. .
 Boatner, Mark Mayo, III. The Civil War Dictionary. New York: McKay, 1988. . First published 1959 by McKay.Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
 Evans, Clement A., ed. Confederate Military History: A Library of Confederate States History. Volume 11 of 12. Roberts, O. M. Texas. Atlanta: Confederate Publishing Company, 1899. . Retrieved January 20, 2011. Harvey, Bill.Texas cemeteries : the resting places of famous, infamous, and just plain interesting Texans. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2003. .
 Long, E. B. The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971. .
 Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. .
 United States War Department. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies.Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901. Series I, Volume XXIV, Part II, 1889. 1833 births
1864 deaths
People of Texas in the American Civil War
Confederate States military personnel killed in the American Civil War
Confederate States Army generals
United States Army officers
United States Military Academy alumni

masks:
Horace Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Horace Randal
Leonard Randal
Randal
Leonard Randal
Horace Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
Randal
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Randal
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Randal
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Horace Randal
Horace Randal


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<mask> (; born 1956) is a Canadian philosopher and social theorist. <mask>'s research spans the fields of art, architecture, cultural studies, political theory and philosophy. His work explores the intersection between power, perception, and creativity to develop an approach to thought and social action bridging the aesthetic and political domains. He is a retired professor in the Communications Department of the Université de Montréal. Overview
<mask> was instrumental in introducing the work of French philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari to the English-speaking world through his translation of their key collaborative work A Thousand Plateaus (1987) and his book A User's Guide to Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Deviations from Deleuze and Guattari (1992). His 1995 essay "The Autonomy of Affect", later integrated into his most well-known work, Parables for the Virtual: Movement, Affect, Sensation (2002), is credited with playing a central role in the development of the interdisicplinary field of affect studies. <mask> received his B.A.in Comparative Literature at Brown University (1979) and his Ph.D in French Literature from Yale University  (1987). After a Mellon postdoctoral fellowship in the Stanford University Department of French and Italian (1987-1988), he settled in Montréal, Canada, where he taught first at McGill University (Comparative Literature Program) and later at the Université de Montréal (Communication Department), retiring in 2018. <mask> has lectured widely around the world, and his writings have been translated into more than fifteen languages. Since 2004, he has collaborated with the SenseLab, founded by Erin Manning as an experimental "laboratory for thought in motion" operating at the intersection of philosophy, art, and activism. Philosophy

<mask> situates his work in the tradition of process philosophy, which he defines broadly to encompass a range of thinkers whose work privileges concepts of event and emergence. For <mask>, this includes not only Alfred North Whitehead, the philosopher most closely identified with the term, but also Charles Sanders Peirce, Henri Bergson, Gilbert Simondon, Gilles Deleuze, and Félix Guattari, on all of whose work he draws extensively. He articulates process philosophy with William James's radical empiricism, which asserts the primacy of relation.This is the doctrine that relations are real, are directly experienced, and create their own terms. <mask> has also characterized his work as "activist philosophy" (a philosophy for which the ultimate concept is activity rather than substance); "speculative pragmatism" (a philosophy for which present practice bears as much on future potential as on existing functions and known utilities); "ontogenetics" as opposed to ontology (a philosophy for which becoming is primary in relation to being); and "incorporeal materialism" (a philosophy attributing abstract dimensions of reality to the body and matter itself). Theory of power

<mask>'s earliest work on the theory of power is two-pronged. On the one hand, it examines processes of power centralization tending toward the absolutist state, which he broadly defines as fascist. On the other hand, influenced by the work of Michel Foucault, it examines processes by which power effects are distributed throughout the social field, in particular through the mass production of what he termed "low-level everyday fear." After the 9-11 attacks on the World Trade Towers, his theories of distributed power focused on the doctrine of preemption promulgated by the George W. Bush administration to serve as the framework for the "war on terror." <mask> argues that preemption is more than a military doctrine, but has engrained itself as an invasive mode of power operating in many forms throughout society.He sees this mode of power as paradoxically productive. He gives it the label "ontopower" (the power to bring to be). Ontopower, according to Massumi, is related to but distinct from disciplinary power and biopower as analyzed by Foucault. It is allied Foucault's concept of "environmentality." Massumi analyzes ontopower as entwined with neoliberal capitalism. He argues that this entwinement makes the capitalist economy a direct power formation in its own right. The idea that capitalist ontopower is a direct power formation that modulates the social field of emergence to capture becoming raises fundamental questions about what form political resistance and anticapitalist struggle can take.<mask> argues that there is no position "outside" capitalist power from which to critique or resist. The potential for political action nonetheless remains, but requires strategies of  "immanent critique" that counter-modulate the social field of emergence. These forms of resistance occur at the "micropolitical" level. The word micropolitics does not refer to the scale at which action takes place, but rather to its mode. Philosophy of experience

<mask>'s approach to perception and the philosophy of experience is closely tied to his political philosophy through the theory of affect. <mask> famously distinguishes emotion from affect. Following Spinoza, he defines affect as "the capacity to affect and be affected."This locates affect in encounters in the world, rather than the interiority of a psychological subject. Emotion, he argues, is the interiorization of affect toward psychological expression. He locates affect as such in a nonconscious "zone of indistinction" or "zone of indeterminacy" between thought and action. This zone of indeterminacy is the "field of emergence" of determinate experience, but itself resists capture in functional systems or structures of meaning. Affect's resistance to capture leaves a "remainder" of unactualized capacity that continues in the world as a "reserve" of potential available for a next determination, or "taking-form" of experience in definitive action, perception and emotion. <mask> refers to this remaindering of potential across an ongoing process of serial formation as the "autonomy" of affect

Affect is implicated in all modes of experience, including language experience, as an accompanying dimension of becoming. Conversely, all modes of experience are held together in the affective field of emergence in a state of "incipiency."The difference between modes of experience is not erased in this zone of indistinction, but is present "germinally" as a minimal differential. The modes of experience untangle from each other to come to expression divergently, actualizing different tendencies. The process of the taking-form of experience is "pulsed." Each definitive taking-form reemerges from the field of emergence after a lapse that <mask> identifies with the "missing half-second" in conscious experience experimentally verified by neuropsychologist Benjamin Libet. Quoting Whitehead, he maintains that "consciousness flickers" Between pulses, experience returns to immanence in the zone of indistinction of the field of emergence, where it is "primed" (energized and oriented) for a next taking-form. This occurs at the nonconscious level of "intensity" of experience. In his later work, <mask> develops the concept of "bare activity" to aid in the analysis of the affective field of emergence in which modes of activity that divergently express, for example as "mental" versus "physical,""action" versus "perception," or "rational" versus "emotional," are in what he calls a state of "mutual inclusion."(for which "co-motion," "superposition," and "reciprocal presupposition" are synonyms in <mask>'s vocabulary). Mutual inclusion is the logic of immanence, which does not obey the law of the excluded middle. The concept of mutual inclusion in bare activity has consequences for the theory of perception. It focuses the theory of perception on the interfusion of the senses (cross-modal relay or synesthesia) and "amodal perception" (experience that is not in any particular sense mode and is in that sense "abstract"). <mask> ties amodal perception to the "proprioceptive" experience of movement perception, and argues that the experience of movement is primary in relation to objects. <mask>'s emphasis on amodal perception gives modes of abstraction ("nonsensuous perception") a direct role in the emergence of experience. This troubles the distinction between the concrete and the abstract.<mask> analyzes the constitutive role of abstract dimensions of reality in terms of the "reality of the virtual," expanding on Bergson's theory of the virtual as reinterpreted by Deleuze. He argues that the virtual, paradoxically, is itself actualized, in the form of a supplement of experience that he calls a "semblance." A semblance in <mask>'s vocabulary is the direct experience of the abstract "dynamic form" of an event. It carries a sense of vitality ("vitality affect") uniquely associated with the event. This supplementation of sensuous experience constitutes a "surplus-value of life." <mask>'s theories reject representational accounts of thought and perception, as well as any mind/body dualism. The latter is replaced by the integral event of "bodying," coinciding with the "movement of thought."His emphasis on the nonconsciousness of the field of experience challenges the model of cognition in favor of a theory of "direct perception." Direct perception, in his account, is performative and emergent. It expresses and transmits affective powers that exceed cognitive apprehension. Direct perception, or "pure" experience, is nevertheless addressable in a mode of awareness <mask> calls "thinking-feeling" (an embodied "affective attunement" to relation and potential that he glosses in terms of Peirce's logical category of abduction). <mask> argues that affect and direct perception are not confined within a human subject, but are "transindividual" and spread across the "nature–culture continuum." This qualifies his thought as a variety of panexperientialism, and distances it from phenomenology. In this connection, he has characterized his thought as an "extreme realism," by which he means a philosophy asserting the ultimate reality of qualities of experience, conceived as irreducible to either subjective qualia or objective properties, and as defying quantification.Creativity

<mask> works from Whitehead's notion of "creative advance," according to which the world is in a perpetual state of emergence characterized by the continual variation of form. The speculative and pragmatic aspects of his thought come together around the notion that specific practices can be developed to further this creative movement. In collaboration with Erin Manning, Massumi has developed a process-philosophical take on research-creation. Research-creation is a category in Canadian academia akin to what is called "art-based research" in Europe. Manning and Massumi extend the concept beyond the university and the specific domain of art. They advocate for an "ecology of practices" that explores how philosophical concepts formed in language can be "transduced" into other modes of experience in a way that furthers creative practice, and reciprocally, how the understanding that already imbues non-language based modes of experience can be brought to explicit expression in ways that further conceptual research. Through this two-way exchange, they see the potential to foster the emergence of new, nonstandard modes of knowledge that exceed disciplinary understanding and normative frames of perception.This affirmation of "minor" modes of thought and experience allies Manning and Massumi's vision of research-creation to the neurodiversity movement. As Manning and Massumi understand it, the practice of research-creation is necessarily collective and relational, and thus carries a "proto-political" force of immanent critique. Manning's SenseLab is conceived as a laboratory for the collaborative exploration of research-creation in its philosophical, aesthetic and political dimensions. Early life

Massumi is the son of <mask> (Nain, Iran) from a first marriage to Elsie Szabo (Lorain, Ohio). Massumi's early childhood was spent between Lorain, Ohio and McLean, Virginia. His teenage years were spent in Scottsdale, Arizona, where he dedicated himself to ecological activism as part of the environmental movement of the early 1970s. His work with local and national environmental organizations on issues of wilderness preservation and land use, clean energy, and water conservation culminated in an internship in Washington, D.C. with The Wilderness Society, where he specialized on the issue of shale oil development.Disillusioned with lobbying and traditional politics, Massumi later moved toward direct action in the context of the anti-nuclear movement of the late 1970s and early 1980s. During this period, he worked within a network of anarchist affinity groups called the Coalition for Direct Action at Seabrook (CDAS), an off-shoot of the Clamshell Alliance, on the organization of two occupation attempts of the Seabrook Nuclear Power Plant construction site. His particular area of focus was a planned prefigurative community, the Seabrook Freestate, that was established on squatted public land near the construction site in advance of the second occupation attempt to serve as a model for the anticipated occupation. Although these efforts failed, <mask> has remarked on the lasting influence that their model of direct action and direct democracy has had on his thinking. Criticism

Most critical responses to <mask>'s work focus on the 1995 essay "The Autonomy of Affect" and categorize him as an "affect theorist." The distinction he makes between affect and emotion, and his assertion that affect is "autonomous" in the sense that it extends beyond linguistic signification and resists cultural coding, are particular subjects of contention. In an influential essay, Ruth Leys asserts that <mask> establishes a "false dichotomy" between mind and matter, and thinking and feeling, and disqualifies the first term of each couple.This separates the body from subjectivity, and plays into scientistic frameworks assimilating the body to inert matter. Leys argues that this undermines intentionality and rationality, which in turn makes it impossible to account for ideology or to programmatically resist it. Leys further argues that Massumi's account of the "missing half-second" negates free will. Margaret Wetherell argues that Massumi draws too gross a demarcation between bodily experience and social action and establishes a starkly polarized distinction between controlled and autonomic processes. In Wetherell's opinion, Massumi detours the study of affect and emotion toward particular philosophical preoccupations in ways that are "radically unhelpful" and undermine a more judicious and "pragmatic" approach grounded in the social psychology literature. Eugenie Brinkema, writing from a film theory perspective, similarly criticizes what she sees as Massumi's overreliance on the line of philosophical thinking about affect descending from Spinoza through Deleuze. She sees Massumi imposing a "split" between affect and emotion that cuts affect off from signification, leaving it merely "formless" and "outside structure."Works as author

 A User's Guide to Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Deviations from Deleuze and Guattari (MIT Press, 1992) ()
 First and Last Emperors: The Absolute State and the Body of the Despot (with Kenneth Dean ; Autonomedia, 1993) ()
 Parables for the Virtual: Movement, Affect, Sensation (Duke University Press, 2002) ()
 Semblance and Event: Activist Philosophy and the Occurrent Arts (MIT Press, 2011) ()
 Thought in the Act: Passages in the Ecology of Experience (with Erin Manning; University of Minnesota Press, 2014) ()
 What Animals Teach Us about Politics (Duke University Press, 2014) ()
 The Power at the End of the Economy (Duke University Press, 2015) ()
 Politics of Affect (Polity Press, 2015) ()
 Ontopower: War, Powers, and the State of Perception (Duke University Press, 2015) ()
 The Principle of Unrest: Activist Philosophy in the Expanded Field (Open Humanities Press, 2017) ()
 99 Theses on the Revaluation of Value: A Postcapitalist Manifesto (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2018) ()Online project. Architectures of the Unforeseen: Essays in the Occurrent Arts (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019) ()
 Couplets: Travels in Speculative Pragmatism (Duke University Press, 2021) ()
 Parables for the Virtual: Movement, Affect, Sensation. Augmented twentieth anniversary edition. (Duke University Press, 2021) ()

Work as editor

Theory Out of Bounds University of Minnesota Press book series, 1993-2007. Co-edited with Michael Hardt and Sandra Buckley. The Politics of Everyday Fear (University of Minnesota Press, 1993) ()
 A Shock to Thought: Expression After Deleuze and Guattari (Routledge, 2002) ()
Technologies of Lived Abstraction MIT Press book series, 2009-2017. Co-edited with Erin Manning.Thought in the Act Duke University Press book series, begun 2017. Co-edited with Erin Manning. Immediations Open Humanities Press book series, 2015-2018. Edited by SenseLab. Immediations  (continuation) Punctum Books book series, begun 2018. Edited by SenseLab. Animals, Animality and Literature , Cambridge Critical Concepts, ed.Bruce Boehrer, Molly Hand, and <mask> (Cambridge University Press, 2018) ()

Works as translator

 The Postmodern Condition, Jean-François Lyotard, tr. <mask> and Geoff Bennington (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1984). ()
 Noise: The Political Economy of Music, Jacques Attali (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1985). ) Nomadology: The War Machine, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari (New York: Semiotext(e), 1986). ()
 Heterologies: Discourse on the Other, Michel de Certeau (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1986). ()
 A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari (University of Minnesota Press, 1987). ()

References

External links
SenseLab
Inflexions: A Journal for Research-Creation.Brian Massumi Works at the Australian National University. Humanities Research Centre. (Inactive)

1956 births
Living people
Mass media theorists
People from Montreal
Yale University alumni
Université de Montréal faculty
People from Lorain, Ohio
20th-century Canadian philosophers
21st-century Canadian philosophers
Canadian people of Iranian descent
Philosophers of education
Brown University alumni

masks:
Brian Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Rashid Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Massumi
Brian Massumi
Brian Massumi


texts:
<mask> ( – January 25, 1970), born Ng Kam-ha, was a Cantonese–American film director and the first female director to direct Chinese-language films in the United States. Eng made four feature films in America, and five in Hong Kong. She was recognized as a female pioneer who crossed the boundaries of race, language, culture and gender. Early life
<mask> was born in San Francisco on September 24, 1914. She was the fourth child in a family of ten children. <mask>'s grandparents originally came to America from Toy Shan (Taishan) county in southern China's Guangdong province. Eng was a fan of Cantonese Opera and having lived in San Francisco she was able to socialize with the Cantonese singers and actors who performed there.San Francisco had Chinese language theaters which were successful and had hosted some of the best actors from China. Career
When Eng was 19, her father and his business partners created a film production company with <mask> as a producer. The studio was based at 1010 Washington Street while <mask> looked for a studio in Los Angeles. <mask>'s first screen credit was as co-producer on the film Heartache (1936). Heartache is set in San Francisco and was directed by Frank Tang, and was shot in eight days, with two reels in color. The film was made at a rented studio in Hollywood. In 1936, along with friends and the film's leading actress Wai Kim Fong, Eng went to Hong Kong for the film's premiere at the Queens Theater under the title Iron Blood, Fragrant Soul.After China entered war with Japan, she directed the film National Heroine (1937) about a female pilot that fights for her country. The film was a success which led to Eng staying in Hong Kong where she directed her next two films: Ten Thousand Lovers and Storm of Envy, both released in 1938. She also co-directed the film A Night of Romance, A Lifetime of Regret with Wu Peng and Leung Wai-man. In 1939, she created the film It's A Women's World which had an all female cast showcasing 36 women in different professions. In 1939, she returned to San Francisco to begin distributing Cantonese films in both Central and South America. In 1941, Eng directed the film Golden Gate Girl in San Francisco, which received a favorable review in Variety that year. Eng returned to Hong Kong to make a war film between 1946 and 1947.After months of preparation that included location hunting in southern China, Eng had to abandon the project. By mid-1947, Eng returned to California where she made The Blue Jade that starred another Cantonese Opera singer Fe Fe Lee. Eng followed it up with another film with Lee titled Too Late For Springtime (1949) about a Chinese girl's relationship with a Chinese-American GI. This was followed up by a film shot in the Hawaiian Islands titled Mad Fire Mad Love about a romance between a mixed-race woman and a Chinese sailor. In 1950, Eng stopped making films for a time to go into the restaurant business with her friend Bo Bo, a Chinese actor who had been stranded in New York. Eng supported him and managed his stage career in the United States, and later named a restaurant she co-founded as "Bo Bo". This was the first of her five Manhattan restaurants which included the Esther Eng Restaurant that opened in 1959.In 1961, she earned her final film credit as the co-director with Wu Peng for Murder in New York Chinatown. She directed all the exterior scenes of the film. Style
Eng's films were mostly standard romantic dramas, generally with women at the center. Most of her film productions are lost films except for two: Golden Gate Girls and Murder in New York Chinatown. Personal life
Eng was openly lesbian. Her sexual orientation did not affect her career negatively, partly because homosexuality was an accepted part of the Cantonese opera, which she was associated with. Around the time that Heartache was released, <mask> changed her family name from Ng to the more easily pronounceable Eng.<mask>, aged 55, died from cancer on January 25, 1970 at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City. She resided at 50 Bayard Street at the time of her death. Legacy
On April 1, 2013 a documentary about the life and career of <mask> titled Golden Gate Silver Light premiered at the Hong Kong International Film Festival. The film was directed by Louisa Wei and was inspired by the 2006 discovery of Eng's photo albums dated between the years 1928 and 1948. During the production of the film, Wei found more albums but no audio or film records of Eng. S. Louisa Wei's 2014 feature documentary, Golden Gate Girls, compares the media representation of Eng with that of Dorothy Arzner. Judith Mayne, the author of  Directed by Dorothy Arzner, is interviewed in the documentary, saying, "I love the fact that history of woman filmmakers now would include Dorothy Arzner and <mask> as the two of the real exceptions, who proved it was entirely possible to build a successful film career without necessarily being a part of mainstream identity."

masks:
Esther Eng
Esther Eng
Eng
Eng
Esther
Esther
Esther Eng
Esther Eng
Esther Eng
Esther Eng


texts:
<mask> (born January 28, 1976) is a former American football offensive tackle. He previously played for the Washington Redskins and Detroit Lions of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Washington Redskins in the second round of the 1999 NFL Draft. He played college football at Michigan. Early years
Jansen earned Prep Football Report All-Midwest and Detroit News Blue Chip honors as a tight end at Clawson High (Mich.). As a senior, he made a school-record 31 catches for 420 yards. He posted 68 career catches and made 202 tackles, four sacks and four interceptions at linebacker to earn Oakland County Defensive MVP honors.He lettered in football, basketball and baseball. College career
<mask> was a two-time First-Team All-Big Ten selection at Michigan. He set a school record with 50 straight starts, all at Right Tackle, earning the nickname "Rock." As a senior in 1998, he was named a First-Team All-American by the Burger King American Football Coaches Association. He paced Michigan's down lineman with 106 knockdowns on an offense that gained 4,955 yards. He helped Michigan to a 45-31 victory over Arkansas in the Citrus Bowl. He was Michigan's co-captain as a senior and junior and fortified an offense that posted 4,652 yards en route to the National Championship.As a redshirt freshman, he helped propel an offense that amassed 5,140 yards. Professional career

Washington Redskins
<mask> was drafted by Washington in the second-round of 1999 NFL Draft (37th overall). <mask> was a valuable addition to a Redskins offensive line that allowed 31 sacks compared with a franchise record 61 in 1998. He started all 16 regular-season games and both playoff games. He made a huge impact in mini-camp, training camp and the preseason, impressing coaches with his ability to grasp the Redskins system. He was part of an offensive line that earned game balls for allowing no sacks in a 50-21 win over the Giants in Week 2. On an offensive line decimated with injuries, Jansen did not miss a snap in 2000.He was one of four players on offense to start each game and has now started every game in his career (34), including two playoff contests. His blocking helped Stephen Davis rush for 1,318 yards. <mask> started all 16 games for the third straight season in 2001. He has started every game in his career (50, including two playoff games). He earned the game ball, along with the rest of the offensive line, for making way for the offense to rush for a season-high 226 yards in Redskins 27-14 win over Seattle (11/4). He and the unit earned another game ball for their outstanding play in Week 16 after the Redskins beat the Saints 40-10. <mask>'s blocking helped running back Stephen Davis eclipse the team record with 1,432 yards rushing, third in the NFL and first in the NFC.<mask> was voted by his teammates as the 'Unsung Hero' of the Redskins for 2002. He regarded as one of the best tackles in the NFL and part of the best bookend tandem of tackles when paired with Pro Bowler Chris Samuels. A relentless worker, <mask> helped the Redskins offense rush for 1,889 yards. <mask> started all 16 games in 2003 at right tackle for the fourth straight season, living up to his nickname: "The Rock". He had started 82 straight contests (including 2 playoff games) as a pro after starting 50 straight games in his college career at Michigan. <mask> continued to be a solid performer at right tackle, teaming with new right guard Randy Thomas to open up holes and protect Redskin quarterbacks. In Week 1 vs. New York Jets, he helped open holes for the Redskins to rush for 160 yards.In Week 2 at Atlanta, he helped the Redskins total 435 yards and 125 rushing yards. In Week 3 vs. New York Giants, he helped the Redskins total 456 yards and 124 rushing yards. He continued his rivalry with Pro Bowl defensive end Michael Strahan by limiting him to two tackles and no sacks. In a Week 10 game against Seattle, he helped the Redskins offense compile 379 total yards and 137 rushing yards. In Week 13 game against the New Orleans Saints, he helped the Redskins to 392 total yards and 161 rushing yards, opening holes for Trung Canidate who logged 115 rushing yards. <mask> suffered a ruptured left Achilles tendon injury in the Redskins' preseason opener on Aug. 9, 2004 against the Denver Broncos. He was placed on the team's injured reserve list shortly after having surgery to repair the injury.<mask> returned from the Achilles injury in 2004 to start all 16 games and two playoff games in 2005. He joined with right guard Randy Thomas to develop a dominant right side of the offensive line. He also helped running back Clinton Portis rush for a single-season team record 1,516 yards. In Week 1 vs. Chicago, he helped the Redskins' offense rush for 164 yards, led by Clinton Portis's 121 rushing yards on 21 carries. In Week 7 vs. San Francisco, he helped the Redskins' offense rush for 204 yards, led by Clinton Portis's 101 rushing yards and Ladell Betts' 92 yards. In Week 13 at St. Louis, he was part of an offensive line that compiled a season-high 257 rushing yards. Clinton Portis had 136 rushing yards and two touchdowns, while Rock Cartwright had 118 rushing yards on nine carries.<mask> was given a new contract on February 7, 2007 at the conclusion of the 2006 season. During the season opener against Miami in 2007, <mask> suffered a season-ending broken and dislocated ankle. He was placed on the injured reserve. Reche Caldwell, a wide receiver, was signed for the roster spot vacated by Jansen. On May 29, 2009, the Washington Redskins cut Jansen. <mask> was released after a meeting with Redskins owner Daniel Snyder, and head coach Jim Zorn among others. Detroit Lions
On May 29, 2009. the Lions agreed to a one-year deal with Jansen.The deal was finalized on June 1, 2009. In Detroit, <mask> served as a backup to Gosder Cherilus. On October 11, 2009, <mask> made his first start for the Lions in a game against the Pittsburgh Steelers. He was re-signed to a one-year, $860,000 deal, the NFL minimum, on March 6, 2010. On September 4, 2010, however, <mask> was released by the Lions as they cut their roster to the NFL-mandated 53 player limit. Costas Now
In September 2006, <mask> appeared on the HBO show Costas Now where in an interview with Bob Costas he stated that in his estimation between 15-20% of the league used illegal performance-enhancing drugs. Jansen stated that the use of illegal substances was on the rise because the use of human growth hormone injections which are not tested for by the NFL.He later recanted this estimation, saying that he felt 15-to-20 percent was a low amount and not realizing the significant numbers of players that a 15-to-20 percent figure would represent. Personal life
<mask> has three daughters, Lucy, Ruby and Ellie and one son, Jack. He participated at the NFL Network coverage of the playoff game between Philadelphia Eagles and Minnesota Vikings on January 4, 2009, he interviewed Eagles runningback Brian Westbrook. Jansen now does post game shows for the Detroit Lions on 97.1 The Ticket WXYT-FM on Lions Game day. The Big Ten Network has hired <mask> for a variety of roles. On May 30, 2017, <mask> was one of eight new inductees announced for the Michigan Sports Hall of Fame in Detroit. The ceremony took place on September 15, 2017.As of 2018, <mask> has appeared on the weekly Inside Michigan Football TV show, co-hosted by Jim Brandstatter. In October 2020, <mask> joined sports-talk WXYT-FM in Detroit as morning show co-host with Mike Stone and Heather Park. References

1976 births
Living people
American football offensive tackles
Detroit Lions players
Michigan Wolverines football players
Washington Redskins players
People from Clawson, Michigan
Players of American football from Michigan

masks:
Jonathan Ward Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jon
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen
Jon
Jansen
Jansen
Jansen


texts:
<mask> is an American composer and college professor. <mask> has taught at the University of Utah, the Peabody Institute and the University of Maryland, College Park. He has been on the faculty at St. Mary's College of Maryland since 1989. He has received awards and honors from the Guggenheim Foundation, the American Academy of Arts and Letters, (the Charles Ives Scholarship, the Academy Award), the Fromm Foundation at Harvard, the Koussevitzky Foundation of the Library of Congress, the Barlow Foundation, and is a five-time recipient of an Individual Artist Award from the State of Maryland. Early life
<mask> was born in 1951 in California. After playing rock music in a band with guitarist Gary Pihl and his brother <mask>, he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of California, Berkeley. As a graduate student, he studied under William Kraft, Humphrey Searle and Robert Linn (composer) at the University of Southern California, earning a Master of Music Composition degree in 1978.In 1984, he earned a D.M.A. degree in Composition from the Columbia University, where he studied with <mask> and Chou Wen-chung. He studied also with Alexander Goehr at Cambridge University on a Fulbright grant. Composer
<mask> has written music for solo instruments, chamber ensembles, and orchestra, with and without voice. His compositions have been widely performed throughout the United States and Canada, as well as England, France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Cyprus, China, New Zealand, and Australia. His music has been described as “intensely dramatic yet deeply formal,” "intellectually engaging, explosive with imagination and with a satisfying visceral power," balancing “diatonic pastoralism with acerbic angularity, Stravinskian rhythmic urgency with lyrical counterpoint.” Among his most critically acclaimed works are "Circling," Sonata for Solo Violin, 2nd Piano Trio, and Amichai Songs. Among his most frequently performed music is his saxophone music, which includes a saxophone quartet, "Flying High" for solo alto saxophone, and "Arirang Variations" for alto saxophone, bassoon, and piano.All of his works, are published by the American Composers Alliance. <mask>'s work has, since 1991, appeared regularly on the concerts of the 21st Century Consort, the new music group-in-residence at the Smithsonian Institution. They have premiered and recorded many of his works. Awards

<mask>'s awards include the following:

 Shepherd Distinguished Composer of the Year (Music Teachers National Association)

 Academy Award, American Academy of Arts and Letters

 Fromm Foundation at Harvard Commission

 Barlow Foundation at Brigham Young University Commission

 Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship

 Maryland State Arts Council Individual Artist Award (five times)

Koussevitzky Foundation Commission from the Library of Congress

National Endowment for the Arts Composition Fellowship

 Kennedy Center Friedheim Awards First Prize

 Composition Fellow to the Composers Conference at Wellesley

 Fulbright-Hays Program Grant for study at Cambridge University (England)

Charles Ives Prize from the American Academy of Arts and Letters

Selected works

Large Ensemble works
 Manna Variations for wind ensemble
 Three Fantasy Dances: a Concerto for Wind Ensemble
 Amichai Songs for baritone with orchestra
 Striking Silver for orchestra
 Down to a Sunless Sea: a Rhapsody for string orchestra

Concerti
 Canzoni di Notte for clarinet and orchestra
 Petali di Gelsomino for flute and string orchestra
 Serenade for trumpet and strings

Chamber music
 Hidden Movies for fl, cl, vn, vc, pno
 Before the Dawn for alto saxophone and piano
 Nightsongs for clarinet and piano
 Turn of Events for saxophone and piano
 Lightscapes for flute and piano
 Circling for flute and clarinet (also arranged for two saxophones)
 Piano Trio No. 1
 Piano Trio No. 2 Borders
 Saxophone Quartet
 Arirang Variations for alto saxophone, bassoon, piano
  Trio for Clarinet, Cello, Piano
 Fantasy Dances for fl, cl, perc, pno, vn, va, vc
 Kick Off! Serenade for trumpet and strings, Gerard Schwarz and the Seattle Symphony with Jeff Silberschlag, trumpet (Naxos 8.559719).Chamber Concerto  (New York New Music Ensemble), String Quartet  (Ciompi String Quartet), Quintet for Oboe, Strings and Piano  (Twentieth Century Consort), Piano Suite  (Eliza Garth). <mask>, “Looking Back, Looking Forward,”  and “Composed in Southern Maryland,” River Gazette, volume 10, no. 3, Fall 2010

 <mask>, “Classical Music to Unite a Community” New Music Box, July 20, 2011

External links
 <mask> – http://davidfroom.com
 American Composers Alliance – http://composers.com/david-froom/

References

1951 births
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
Columbia University School of the Arts alumni
Thornton School of Music alumni
Composers for piano
American male classical composers
American classical composers
Living people
21st-century American composers
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Pupils of <mask>ovsky
Pupils of Chou Wen-chung
Pupils of Alexander Goehr
University of Utah faculty
Peabody Institute faculty
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
St. Mary's College of Maryland faculty
20th-century American composers
Classical musicians from California
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians
Centaur Records artists
Naxos Records artists

masks:
David Froom
Froom
Froom
Mitchell Froom
Mario Davidovsky
Froom
Froom
Froom
David Froom
David Froom
David Froom
Mario David


texts:
<mask> (, also credited as Doona <mask>), is a South Korean actress and photographer. She became known outside Korea for her roles as a political activist in Park Chan-wook's Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance (2002), archer Park Nam-joo in Bong Joon-ho's The Host (2006), and as the doll in Hirokazu Kore-eda's Air Doll (2009). She has had English-speaking roles in the Wachowski films Cloud Atlas (2012) and Jupiter Ascending (2015), as well as their Netflix television series Sense8 (2015–2018). She is also on a Netflix period zombie thriller, Kingdom (2019–present). Her most recent work is the starring role in the 2021 Netflix science-fiction series The Silent Sea. Early life
<mask> was born in Seoul, South Korea. Growing up, she would follow her mother, Kim Hwa-young, a stage actress, to theater and rehearsal halls, learning lines of dialogue as she went along.This did not initially lead her towards acting, saying: "People might say that since my mother is a theater actor, I became an actress. But to me, those experiences probably had the opposite effect. On the contrary, because I saw many great actors working with my mother, I thought this was a job only people with extraordinary talent could do." Career

1998–2005: Beginnings
A Hanyang University student in 1998, she was scouted by a modeling agency in Seoul. This led to her modeling of clothing for COOLDOG's catalog, among others. In 1999, she switched to acting before completing her studies at Hanyang University, debuting in the TV drama School. Later that year, she appeared as the ghost in The Ring Virus, a Korean remake of the Japanese horror film Ring.In 2000, director Bong Joon-ho cast <mask> in the film Barking Dogs Never Bite for her willingness to do the part without makeup, something other South Korean actresses refused to do. She later cited this part as the role that pushed her to pursue a serious acting career, saying, "That film made me decide to become an actress –- a good actress –- and that film thereby changed my whole life." In Kim So-young's documentary Women's History Trilogy (2000–2004), she expressed her admiration for veteran South Korean actress Yoon Jeong-hee. In the same documentary, Bae said her own most memorable scene was being chased by the homeless man throughout the apartment in Barking Dogs Never Bite. That same year, she gave a risque performance (albeit with a body double for the more intense scenes) in Plum Blossom, and started getting more work on television. This was followed by 2001's Take Care of My Cat, directed by Jeong Jae-eun, and 2002's Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance, directed by Park Chan-wook. In 2003, both Tube and Spring Bears Love disappointed at the box office.After completing principal photography on Spring Bears Love, she decided to take time off from film work, saying, "I never lived even once without having anything to do. The moment a film was presented to the media, I was almost always already shooting the next one [...] I thought by myself: now my first cycle is really over. While I rest a little, I wanted to make a fresh start." During her hiatus from film, she took up photography, examples of which can be seen on her official blog and in her published photo-essay books. She also continued to work on TV, starring in Country Princess and Rosemary. Bae acted on stage in 2004 in a production of Sunday Seoul (not to be confused with the South Korean movie of the same title), a play co-written by Park Chan-wook. In 2005, she played an exchange student who joins a band in the Japanese film Linda Linda Linda, then played a divorced woman in the experimental omnibus TV series Beating Heart.2006–present: Breakthrough success

She reunited with Bong Joon-ho in 2006's The Host, which became the highest-grossing film in South Korean box office history. For her role, she trained in archery for months. She then returned to television, through the series Someday and How to Meet a Perfect Neighbor. After winning accolades for Air Doll, a 2009 film by Japanese director Hirokazu Kore-eda about an inflatable doll that develops a soul and falls in love, Bae made back-to-back TV series in 2010, playing a high school teacher in Master of Study, and a night club singer in Gloria. Her 2012 sports film As One was based on the true story of the 1991 world table tennis championship held in Chiba, Japan where North Korean player Ri Bun-hui and South Korean player Hyun Jung-hwa defeated the Chinese team. Bae and co-star Ha Ji-won were trained by Hyun herself, and Bae learned to play left-handed like Ri. Afterwards she made a brief appearance in the science fiction film Doomsday Book.Bae made her English-language, Hollywood debut in Cloud Atlas, as Sonmi~451, a clone in a dystopian Korea. She also played the minor roles of Tilda Ewing, the wife of an abolitionist in pre-Civil War America, and a Mexican woman who crosses paths with an assassin. Co-directed by The Wachowskis and Tom Tykwer, the  adaptation of David Mitchell's novel premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival to divisive reviews, though Bae's performance was praised by critics. In a 2019 interview, she said of the Wachowskis, "They have become as important as my mother; they have my respect and my trust. When they contacted me to participate in Cloud Atlas, I couldn’t believe it. We first met on Skype and I made a demo tape that I sent them. They gave me an important role despite my lack of English proficiency.I believe that a certain understanding developed between us at that time, which pushed me to follow them on Sense8. Thanks to them, I have had opportunities that are not given to all the actors. Most importantly, it is the passion they bring to their work that has made our collaboration so enjoyable. They made me want to surpass myself and enabled me to overcome fear and limits." Back in Korea, Bae next starred in the 2014 film A Girl at My Door, directed by July Jung and produced by Lee Chang-dong. Playing a small-town police officer who tries to save a mysterious young girl she suspects is a victim of domestic violence, Bae said she was so fascinated by the story and emotionally challenging role that she decided to star in the movie without pay three hours after reading the script. The film premiered in the Un Certain Regard section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival, and Bae later won Best Actress at the Asian Film Awards for her performance.In 2015, she again worked with the Wachowskis for their space opera Jupiter Ascending, in which she played a small supporting role as a bounty hunter. This was followed by Sense8, an American science fiction series created by the Wachowskis and co-written by J. Michael Straczynski. Concerning eight strangers from different cultures and parts of the world who share a violent psychic vision and suddenly find themselves telepathically connected, Sense8 began streaming on Netflix in 2015. Bae then appeared in a 90-minute web film directed by her older brother, commercial director <mask> Doo-han. Titled Red Carpet Dream, it is a biopic of how Bae dreamed of becoming an actress when she was young and her 20-year acting career. Commissioned for the 20th anniversary of the Busan International Film Festival and sponsored by MAC Cosmetics, the film screened at the festival as well as on Facebook and cable channel CGV. Back on the big screen, Bae starred alongside Ha Jung-woo in the survival drama film The Tunnel.She then teamed up with Japanese director Shunji Iwai and actor Kim Joo-hyuk for the short film, Chang-ok's Letter. Bae returned to Korean TV screens in 2017 with mystery legal thriller Stranger, playing a passionate police officer. The series was a hit and gained favorable reviews for its tight plot, gripping sequences and strong performances. In June 2018, Bae was one of 14 professionals from the Korean film industry invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). The same year, she starred in crime thriller The Drug King. She also stars in Netflix's zombie series Kingdom, and romance drama Matrimonial Chaos, a remake of the Japanese television series of the same name. Filmography

Film

Television series

Music video appearances

Hosting

Theater

Discography

Books

Awards and nominations

References

External links

Living people
Actresses from Seoul
South Korean film actresses
South Korean photographers
South Korean television actresses
South Korean stage actresses
20th-century South Korean actresses
21st-century South Korean actresses
South Korean women photographers
Konkuk University alumni
Best Actress Asian Film Award winners
21st-century women photographers

masks:
Bae Doona
Bae
Bae Doona
Doona
Bae


texts:
<mask> (born 27 May 1948) is a Kossuth Prize winning Hungarian musician, composer, singer. He was a band member in Locomotiv GT and Omega, and has been a prominent personality in Hungarian pop music. Biography
Childhood

Born in Budapest in 1948, his parents are <mask> and Uhrman Elvira. His father worked as a poultry dealer in the Great Market hall at Klauzál square. After school his son, <mask> went out to help him. <mask> started playing the piano at the age of four, the pianist Imre Antal also acknowledged the child's talents and predicted that he would become a great artist. He finished the primary school in Kertész street, and subsequently started his studies at the Music High School, meanwhile he played piano at a street dancing school in Kapás street for a 14 HUF hourly rate.He started to deal with composing as a teenager. The family lived at Dob street 46/B on the first floor, and above their home lived the composer and pianist Rezső Seress. Presser was already a teenager, and he often talked up Seress who showed him records and sheet music as well. Seress was listening every day from 2 pm to 6 pm different arrangements of the Gloomy Sunday, which were broadcast to the surrounding homes. Presser later reflected to these memories in his song Plafon, which Lajos Parti Nagy wrote the text. Omega (1967–1971) (band)

Presser during high school was only interested in classical music at the time, but his classmate Tamás Mihály took him to concerts of the band Scampolo, where he was occasionally playing in. Starting 1967 Presser started to write his own songs for Omega (until then they were only playing covers of foreign hits.)In the summer, he became one of their musicians playing on keyboards. The band tried out a unique arrangements: no solo guitarist, but two keyboardists. The arrangement was not very successful and <mask> was replaced by György Molnár guitarist. During this time, he played with Scampolo and started writing songs for László Komár. He was called back to be part of the band in 1968, just before the band's British tour. After a few singles, he became the main songwriter of Omega's first three albums and some of those he sang himself. After Presser left the band (1971) he played again live with his bandmates on the Omega–LGT–Beatrice tour in 1980, at the 25 year anniversary concert in 1987, and later in 1994 and 1999.He also contributed to Omega's album titled Trans and Dance as songwriter for two songs, and as guest keyboardist. Locomotiv GT (1971–1984)

Presser wanted more than to play Omega's music and quit the band to form Locomotiv GT with bass player Károly Frenreisz, guitarist Tamás Barta, and drummer József Laux. It was the first Hungarian so called 'supergroup'. All of the founding members, except <mask>, left the group by 1977. The final act consists of <mask>, Tamás Somló, János Karácsony and János Solti. Presser wrote or co-wrote most of LGT's songs. Additionally, Presser also got involved in theater work.His first musical appeared at the Vígszínház (Comedy Theatre of Budapest) in Budapest, an adaptation of Tibor Déry's novel titled An Imaginary Report from an American Pop Festival. Presser has written music for several theatre pieces at the Comedy Theatre of Budapest. He has been the music director of the theatre since 1978 and has his own evening shows there. His first solo album came out in 1982, titled Electromantic, which was originally the music for a ballet piece titled The Rehearsal written for electric instruments. Part of the music was used as a title song for BBC's news program. La Baletta No. 2. was used as the title piece for the Budapest Regional News.Since the 1970s Presser has written music for and collaborated with many Hungarian artists such as Sarolta Zalatnay, Ferenc Demjén, András Kern, Gyula Vikidál, Zorán, Kati Kovács, Klári Katona, and Sándor Révész. The last LGT album was released in 1984. Past LGT years

Presser started a new theatre production, which resulted in ‘A padlás’ (The Attic) in 1988. The first real Presser album was released in 1994 titled ‘Csak dalok’ (‘Only Tunes’) that was followed by  Kis történetek  (‘Little Stories’) in 1996. Presser had 9 full house nights at the Comedy Theatre of Budapest in 1995, after them he stopped performing until 2001 when he did a 50 concert tour (this was recorded on CD/DVD). After the year 1998 Presser has been releasing a new compilation album every couple of years. Even though LGT dissolved in the 80s, they had a farewell concert in 1992.The recording of the farewell concert was released as an album. Later, they released two more albums with new material in 1997 and in 2002. They had a free concert in 1999, organized an LGT festival in 2002, and performed as the opening act at the Sziget Festival. They also performed a series of concerts in 2013. In 2009, <mask> himself held a concert celebrating his 40-year career with many musician guests. Some of the material from this concert is available on CD. In the two years that followed, Presser worked on a 74-minute album that was released in 2011, which consists of Lajos Parti Nagy’s poetry made into music.In 2013, the Kanye West song "New Slaves" was nominated for a Grammy that contained about a minute long sample of Omega's 1969 song "Gyöngyhajú lány" (its music written by Presser). Although the sample was cleared by official label Hungaroton Records, the song was recorded without author's permission to change. In May 2016 songwriter <mask> <mask> filed a lawsuit seeking $2.5 million in damages for copyright infringement for the use of the sample. Discography

Albums
This is a simplified list that does not contain all the albums Presser appeared on as an artist. Omega

 Trombitás Frédi és a rettenetes emberek (1968)
 Red Star from Hungary (1968)
 10000 lépés (1969)
 Ten Thousand Paces kiadatlan (1970)
 Éjszakai országút (1970)
 Kisstadion ’80 (1980)
 Ezüst eső - Vizesblokk (1994)
 A változás szele - Szárazblokk (1994)
 Trans and Dance (1995)
 Transcendent (1996)
 K O N C E Rt (1999)
 Tower of Babel maxi (2004)

Locomotiv GT

 Locomotiv GT (1971)
 Ringasd el magad (1972)
 Bummm! (1973)
 Locomotiv GT (1974) aka London 1973 (2001)
 All Aboard kiadatlan (1975)
 Mindig magasabbra (1975)
 In Warsaw (1975)
 Locomotiv GT V. (1976)
 Locomotiv GT (1976) aka Motor City Rock (1978)
 Zene – Mindenki másképp csinálja (1977)
 Mindenki (1978)
 Annyi mindent nem szerettem dupla kislemez EP (1979)
 Todos (1980)
 Locomotiv GT aka Budapest (1980)
 Kisstadion ’80 (1980)
 Loksi (1980)
 Locomotiv GT X. (1998, musical)
 Túl a Maszat-hegyen (2005, bábmusical)
 Magyar Carmen (2007, táncdráma)

Compilation Albums

 A zeneszerző – Presser Gábor (talán) legszebb dalai (1998)
 A zeneszerző 2.– Presser <mask> talán leghangosabb dalai (2001)
 A zeneszerző 3. – Szerelmes dalok (2002)
 Presser zenés színháza (2002)
 A zeneszerző 4. – Presser <mask> legszínházibb dalai (2004)
 Dalok a színházból (2005)
 A zeneszerző 5.

masks:
Gábor Presser
Géza Presser
Gábor
Gábor Presser
Presser
Presser
Presser
Presser
Gábor
Presser
Gábor
Gábor