texts:
<mask> (born 10 August 1978), more commonly referred to as AHY, is an Indonesian politician and former army major who is currently serving as the leader of the Democratic Party of Indonesia. Previously, he worked as military officer in the Indonesian Army from 2000 until 2016. He is the Executive Director of the Yudhoyono Institute and founder of the Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono Foundation. He is the son of former Indonesian president <mask>, more commonly known as SBY. Born on 10 August 1978, in Bandung, West Java. He graduated from the Indonesian Military Academy in 1999. During his time in the military, he undertook higher formal education.He received a Master of Science in Strategic Studies at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore in 2006, Master in Public Administration from Harvard University, United States in 2010, and Master of Arts in Leadership and Management from Webster University in the United States. While serving in the Indonesian Army, AHY joined the security operations in Aceh in 2002 and UN peace operations in Lebanon in 2006. He also co-founded the Indonesian Defense University. In 2015, he led one of the Capital's security units. In 2016, he left the military and entered politics. In 2016, he was appointed by the Democratic Party, the National Awakening Party (PKB), the United Development Party (PPP), and the National Mandate Party (PAN), to become a candidate for the 2017 Jakarta Governor election. Despite losing the election to Anies Baswedan, he remained active in politics.He commanded the Joint Task Command (Kogasma) to win Indonesia's 2019 General Election. On early 2019 he targeted to achieve 15 percent of national vote, but later he revised the target to achieve 10 percent of national vote. He was then given a new position as Deputy chairman of the Democratic Party. He was also elected to be the leader of the Democratic Party by acclamation on 15 March 2020. Early life, family, and education

Early life and family
<mask> <mask> <mask> was born on 10 August 1978, in Bandung, West Java. His father was Susilo Bambang <mask>, the 6th President of the Republic of Indonesia and former General of the Armed Forces. While his mother was Kristiani Herrawati, more commonly known as Ani <mask>.He is also the grandson of Lt. Gen. (ret.) Sarwo Edhie Wibowo (1925–1989), who was the father of his mother. He also has one younger brother, Edhie Baskoro <mask>, born in 1980. During his childhood, he moved and lived in numbers of places, following his father's duties and education as an army officer. He spent most of his childhood in East Timor when his father took up military service there. Education

Early education
From 1984 to 1988, he studied at the Kuntum Wijaya Kusuma Elementary School, in Pasar Rebo, East Jakarta.From 1988 to 1991, he followed his father to continue his education in the United States, attending David J. Brewer School, Leavenworth, Kansas. In 1991, AHY continued his study at SMPN 5 Bandung. Following the transfer of his father's assignment, in 1994, AHY moved to SMPN 20 East Jakarta. After completing his Junior High School education, AHY continued his education at Taruna Nusantara High School, Magelang in 1994. During his high school time, AHY was an active and outstanding student, he had served as Chairman of the Taruna Nusantara High School Student Council. In 1997, AHY won the Garuda Trisakti Tarunatama Emas, an award for the best graduate.Higher education
He is a Military Academy graduate. During his first and second years at the Military Academy, he won the Tri Sakti Wiratama award given for collective achievements in academic, physical and personal personality. This achievement led AHY to be chosen as Commander of the Youth Corps Regiment in 1999. There, he also joined the Drum band Canka Lokananta Military Academy as a bass drummer, (who is often referred to as "Tidar Tiger"). AHY then passed AKMIL with the best graduate and awarded Bintang Adi Makayasa in December 2000. During his assignment in the military as an officer, AHY also undertook formal higher education. AHY has three Masters education degrees: Master of Science in Strategic Studies at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore in 2006, Master in Public Administration from Harvard University, United States in 2010, and Master of Arts in Leadership and Management from Webster University in the United States, won the title of summa cum laude in 2015 with the GPA of 4.0.Military service

Yudhoyono served the Indonesian National Army, following the footsteps of his grandfather Sarwo Edhie Wibowo and his father SBY, he carried out a variety of assignments and missions, starting from the platoon commander in the Operations section to the company commander in the elite unit of the 305 Kostrad Airborne Infantry Battalion. After graduating from AKMIL, AHY attended the Infantry Branching School and the Intel Combat Course in 2001. He later joined the Army Strategic Reserves Command (Kostrad). In 2002, AHY who was a Brigadier of 17 Kostrad, assigned as a platoon commander in the 305th Airborne Infantry Battalion / Tengkorak. That time, he was sent  to Aceh for a risky task in the Security Restoration Operation. In Aceh, AHY was chosen as the Commander of the Special Team. After leading the special forces in Operation Security Restoration in Aceh, in November 2006, AHY assumed the task of serving as a Garuda XXIII-A contingent operations section officer in maintaining peace along the Israeli and Southern Lebanese borders, when Israel and Hezbollah were involved in 2006 Lebanon War.This contingent is the first Indonesian contingent sent for a UN peace mission in Lebanon (UNIFIL). During his assignment, AHY initiated the smart car program as a means of reducing the impact of the trauma of war on children. For this initiative, AHY was awarded the Army Service Distinction Medal from the leadership of the Lebanese Armed Forces. Later that year, AHY was asked for his contribution by Minister of Defense, Prof. Dr. Juwono Sudarsono, to join the initiation of the Indonesian Defense University. AHY then continued his military education at the US Army Maneuver Captain Career Course at Fort Benning, United States in 2011 and became the best graduate. He also won the Order of Saint Maurice medal from the National Infantry Association. Returning to Indonesia, he served as the Head of Operations Section (Kasiops) at the 17 Kujang 1 Kostang Cross-air Infantry Brigade.In 2013, he was assigned as a Post-Graduate Lecturer, in the Defense Management program, the Indonesian Defense University. In 2015, AHY returned to US to join another military academy, and later won the title summa cum laude from the US Army Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Until early 2016, AHY was assigned as the commander of 203 Arya Kamuning Mechanical Infantry Battalion, one of the elite security forces of the Jakarta. Career

On 10 August 2017, AHY founded The Yudhoyono Institute, a think tank based on three pillars: Liberty, Prosperity, Security. As Executive Director, AHY initiated various programs to welcome and prepare the Indonesian golden generation, the target of which was achieved in 100 years of Indonesian Independence, in 2045. Through TYI, AHY often holds various activities such as: Roundtable Discussion to discuss various challenges and issues facing the Indonesian people and the world with experts and statesmen; People's Dialogue is carried out to absorb the aspirations of people in various regions from various circles; and public lectures on campuses and educational institutions throughout the archipelago, from Banda Aceh to Jayapura. He continuously shares inspiration, knowledge and experience with academics, students and youths.Together with The Yudhoyono Institute, AHY also formed the AHY Foundation, which focuses on social and humanitarian issues, especially health, education and the environment as well as disaster response. AHY Foundation is active in providing assistance to disaster victims such as in Palu, Lombok, Gunung Agung Bali, Pacitan floods and Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. In addition, through the AHY Foundation, he also initiated blood donor programs, tree and coral reef planting programs in various regions in Indonesia. Political career

2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election
AHY began his political career as a candidate for DKI Jakarta governor in the 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election. With the support of a coalition formed by 4 political parties: the Democratic Party, the National Awakening Party (PKB), the United Development Party (PPP), and the National Mandate Party (PAN). In his very first election, he was paired with an experienced local bureaucrat, Syliviana Murni. The Agus-Sylvi challenged the incumbent Basuki Tjahja Purnama-Djarot Saiful Hidayat (Ahok-Djarot) and Anies Baswedan-Sandiaga Uno (Anies-Sandi).<mask>-Sylvi gets sequence number 1, Ahok-Djarot gets sequence number 2, and Anies-Sandi gets sequence number 3. AHY was defeated on the election, garnering only 17.02% of the votes. 2019 General Election
On 17 February 2018, Democratic Party Chairperson Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) confirmed AHY as Commander of the Joint Task Force (Kogasma) for the 2018 Head of Region Election (Pemilukada) and 2019 General Election. He became a Democratic Party campaigner and he consolidated cadres in the region to win candidates nominated by the Democratic Party in the 2018 General Election. The Democratic Party succeeded in achieving the initial target of 35 percent from 171 elections. In the 2019 elections, the Presidential Elections (Pilpres) and Legislative Elections (Pileg) were held simultaneously. At the 2019 Presidential Election, the Democratic Party formed a coalition with the political party supporting Prabowo-Sandi.In the 2019 Legislative election, the Democratic Party targeted 15 percent of the total number of seats in the Indonesian Parliament. AHY as Commander of Kogasma led the efforts to bring victory for the Democratic Party. In the 2019 legislative election, the Democratic Party in various surveys is predicted to only be able to win less than 5 percent of the vote. Under his leadership the Democratic Party was able to win 10,876,507 votes (7.77 percent), exceeding the predictions of various surveys, though it failed to achieve the party target of 10 percent. Post-2019 General Election
For his achievements, in October 2019 AHY was appointed as Deputy Chairman of the Democratic Party. AHY is expected to be able to bring the Democratic Party towards better and progressive change. AHY was elected as the leader of the Democratic Party on 15 March 2020, replacing his father.Personal life

On 8 July 2005, AHY married Annisa Larasati Pohan, former radio announcer who had been the cover girl (Gadis Sampul) of 1997. Annisa Pohan is the daughter of former Indonesian Bank (BI) Deputy governor, Aulia Pohan. When married, AHY was an officer with the rank of First lieutenant, at that time he was 27 years old, and Annisa was 24 years old. Annisa is also a Co-founder of Tunggadewi Foundation. At their wedding, they used Javanese customs which were laden with military nuance by carrying out the Pora Sword tradition. Their wedding reception was held at Bogor Presidential Palace and attended by 2,000 invited guests. Their first daughter, Almira Tunggadewi Yudhoyono, was born on 17 August 2008."Aira" was born only a few hours before her grandad, SBY, presided over the commemoration ceremony of the 63rd Indonesian Independence Day at the Presidential Palace. List of honors and awards received by AHY

 2017 RMOL Democracy Award, Rakyat Merdeka Online. 2017 JCI Ten Outstanding Young Persons (TOYP), Junior Chamber International. 2014 Satya Lencana Wira Karya, President of the Republic of Indonesia. 2013 Honorary member of the 707th Special Mission Battalion, Republic of Korea Army Special Warfare Command. 2012 Nanyang Outstanding Young Alumni Award, Nanyang Technological University. 2011 The Order of Saint Maurice, Chief of the US Army Infantry.2011 Pioneering Medal of the Republic of Indonesia, President of the Republic of Indonesia. 2007 Army Service Distinction Medal, Commander of the Lebanese Armed Forces. 2007 UN Peacekeeping Distinction Medal, Commander of the UNIFIL. 2000 Bintang Adi Makayasa, President of the Republic of Indonesia. 2000 Sword of Trisakti Wiratama, Military Academy. 1997 Bintang Garuda Trisakti Tarunatama Emas, Taruna Nusantara High School. 2019 Celebrating Democracy Without Polarization, Jawa Pos Daily.2018 Energi Muda Nusantara, Strategy Magazine edition IV. 2018 Sacrifice and Nationality, Republika Daily
 2018 Restores the Youth Oath Spirit, Republika Daily. 2017 Planting Hope from Grassroots, Strategy Magazine III edition. 2017 Realizing Indonesia Gold 2045, Strategy Magazine edition I. 2017 Reflections on Pancasila in the 21st Century, Harian Rakyat Merdeka National Daily. 2017 Islam Knitting Brotherhood, Republika National Daily. 2017 Test for Democracy and Our Nationality, Kompas National Daily.2017 Jakarta for All, Sindo National Daily. 2017 Jakarta for the People, Expose, Mizan. 2016 TNI and 21st Century Defense Diplomacy, Patriot Magazine. 2015 In the Hands of the Young Generation, Indonesia Succeeds in 2045, Indonesia Future Society (IFS) Newsletter Vol. 01
 2015 Optimizing the Role of Dansat in Enhancing the Professionalism of Soldiers, as well as Developing Effective Combat Doctrines in Order to Win Future Battles, Yudhagama Journal. 2014 4000 Peacekeepers: Choice or Inevitability ?, Jawa Pos Newspaper. 2013 'Freedom or Death' Is Not Enough : Common Interests vs Joint Enemies, National Journal Newspaper.2013 Young Generation Welcomes Indonesia 2045, Koran Media Indonesia. 2013 The Future of Warfare: Challenges Show TNI Needs Adaptive Leaders, The Jakarta Globe. 2013 Future Challenges of the TNI, Kompas Newspaper. 2013 Indonesia & Korea: 40 Years of Friendship & Beyond, Young Future Leaders Forum – Seoul, South Korea. 2013 2045: Path to Nation's Golden Age, The Jakarta Globe. 2013 Responding to the Challenges of the 21st Century, Apple Commander of the Armed Forces Army. 2012 Preparing the Doctrine of Fighting in the Era of "Warm Peace", Jurnal Yudhagama, Vol.32 No.4. 2012 Realizing New Security Challenges and Sharing Responsibility, The Jakarta Post. 2012 Looking at the Future of the TNI, Kompas Newspaper. 2011 The Indonesian Defense University: Transforming the Indonesian Military and Creating a Better Public Awareness on the Significance of the National Security and Defense Sectors, ASEAN Regional Forum – Heads of Defense / Universities / Colleges / Institutions Meeting / ARF-HDUCIM. 2010 Unlikely Routes: Stronger Militaries by Transforming Military Education, Harvard Law School National Security Journal. 2008 Winning The Hearts and Minds: Lessons Learned From The Indonesian Peacekeeping Mission in Lebanon, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. References

1978 births
Living people
People from Bandung
Children of national leaders
Agus
Harvard Kennedy School alumni
Webster University alumni
Non-U.S. alumni of the Command and General Staff College
Democratic Party (Indonesia) politicians
21st-century Indonesian politicians

masks:
Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Agus
Harimurti
Yudhoyono
Yudhoyono
Yudhoyono
Yudhoyono
Agus


type: original

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<mask> (born 8 October 1978) is an English former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. A graduate of the Bolton Wanderers Academy, he spent 1997 to 2001 at the club without making a first team appearance. Instead he spent part of 1999 on loan at Port Vale, and part of 2000 on loan at Stockport County and then Bristol Rovers; he played just one game for Rovers, and never made it onto the pitch for Port Vale or Stockport County. He did manage to find regular football on loan at Carlisle United in the 2000–01 campaign, before securing a £50,000 move to Hull City in June 2001. He returned to Carlisle on a free transfer in October 2002, and helped the club to win promotion out of the Conference National as winners of the 2005 play-off Final. He then switched to Scottish side Falkirk, before signing with St Johnstone in January 2006, where he managed to score a goal. <mask> returned to England in June 2006 to play for Huddersfield Town.He spent four years with the club, making over 100 appearances, before he joined Bradford City in January 2010. He moved on to Stockport County in September 2010, and became the first choice keeper from his arrival up until his departure in January 2012. He then joined Chester, and helped the club to win the Northern Premier League title in 2011–12. He signed with FC Halifax Town in July 2012, and helped the club to win promotion out of the Conference North in May 2013. He had a loan spell with Buxton in 2016, and also spent time with Scarborough Athletic, before making his final appearance in football for AFC Emley in February 2017. Club career

Bolton Wanderers
Born in Stockport, Greater Manchester, <mask> started as a trainee at Bolton Wanderers, but could not break into the first team and after unsuccessful loan spells at First Division clubs Port Vale and Stockport County, he finally made his professional debut on loan at Second Division side Bristol Rovers in a 0–0 draw with Wigan Athletic at the Memorial Stadium on 16 September 2000, and was described as "impressive" after making "important saves from Kevin Nicholls and Simon Haworth". However, he was not picked again by "Pirates" boss Ian Holloway.He joined Third Division side Carlisle United on loan in November 2000. He played 29 games for the "Cumbrians" in the 2000–01 season. In January 2001 he turned down a transfer to Bristol Rovers, that would have been worth around £250,000 for Bolton, saying that he was happy to remain on loan at Ian Atkins's Carlisle. Hull City
In June 2001, he moved to Hull City after being signed by manager Brian Little for a £50,000 fee to compete with Paul Musselwhite for a first team place. He started the 2001–02 in goal despite struggling with his weight, but was replaced by Musselwhite in the second half of the campaign. <mask> regained the "Tigers" number one spot under Jan Mølby's brief reign as manager, before he was allowed to leave for Roddy Collins's Carlisle United on a free transfer in October 2002 after being deemed surplus to requirements at Boothferry Park by incoming manager Peter Taylor. Carlisle United
Glennon played for Carlisle at the Millennium Stadium in the 2003 Football League Trophy Final, where they were beaten 2–0 by Bristol City.He played a total of 52 games in the 2002–03 season as Carlisle avoided relegation by a one-point margin. He then featured 49 times in the 2003–04 campaign as Carlisle were relegated into the Conference. Manager Paul Simpson guided United to promotion at the first attempt as play-off winners in 2005 with a 1–0 win over Stevenage Borough at the Britannia Stadium. However <mask> departed Brunton Park in June 2005 after declaring the contract he was offered was 'unacceptably low'. Falkirk & St Johnstone
He went to Scotland to join SPL club Falkirk in July 2005 after saying he had been "bowled over by the quality of the stadium and training facilities". He featured 23 times in the first half of the 2005–06 season before he decided to leave the club after being dropped for Allan Ferguson by manager John Hughes. He moved on to Scottish First Division side St Johnstone in January 2006 after manager Owen Coyle released back-up goalkeeper Mark Paston.At St Johnstone he scored his only senior goal, as a desperate last-minute attempt to equalise paid off in a 2–2 draw at Ross County on 11 March. Coyle offered <mask> a contract to stay at McDiarmid Park, but he instead chose to return south of the border to sign with Peter Jackson's Huddersfield Town in June 2006. Huddersfield Town
After moving to the Galpharm Stadium, <mask> firmly established himself as the club's first choice keeper. He achieved a rare feat in saving three penalty kicks – two penalties were awarded, but one had to be retaken – in the same game against Crewe Alexandra on 24 February 2007, even though Town still lost the game 2–1. His perfect appearance record at Town was tarnished after he was sent off in Town's 4–1 defeat by Southend United at Roots Hall on 5 December 2007, forcing 17-year-old Alex Smithies to come on in his place. Manager Andy Ritchie said that he would appeal the red card after striker Leon Clarke admitted that he had slipped rather than been fouled by Glennon. In May 2008, he signed a two-year extension to his contract with Huddersfield Town after manager Stan Ternent declared him to be "an integral part of the squad".However, he did not featured under new manager Lee Clark, who took charge in December 2008 and kept faith in teenager Alex Smithies, and Glennon had his contract terminated in January 2010. Bradford City
He then joined League Two side Bradford City on a deal until the end of the 2009–10 season after manager Stuart McCall needed a replacement for departed loanee goalkeeper Simon Eastwood. Glennon departed Valley Parade after he was released in May 2010. Stockport County
In September 2010, <mask> joined his hometown club Stockport County on a permanent deal. He replaced Owain Fôn Williams as the club's first choice stopper, and started 36 league games in 2010–11 as the "Hatters" were relegated out of the Football League. Glennon made a further 26 appearances in 2011–12, but was released by manager Jim Gannon on 31 January 2012. Non-league
On 24 February 2012, <mask> signed for Chester of the Northern Premier League Premier Division until the end of the season, keeping a clean sheet on his debut against Buxton.He helped the club to win the league title and promotion to the Conference in 2011–12, before leaving the Deva Stadium in the summer. He signed with FC Halifax Town, another reformed club, in July 2012, with the intention of battling Phil Senior for the first team spot. He played 51 matches in the 2012–13 campaign, and kept a clean sheet in the Conference North play-off final, as promotion was secured with a 1–0 victory over Brackley Town. He was an unused substitute in the West Riding County Cup victory over Guiseley. He missed just one league game in the 2013–14 season as he helped the club to secure a play-off spot, where they were beaten by Cambridge United at the semi-final stage. He was an ever-present throughout the 2014–15 league campaign, as Halifax posted a ninth-place finish, and signed a new contract in the summer. Halifax were relegated at the end of the 2015–16 season, and <mask> spent the second half of the season as back-up goalkeeper to loan signing Sam Johnson.He joined Buxton on loan in January 2016. He announced his retirement after he was released by Halifax. However, he played once for Scarborough Athletic after being coaxed out of retirement by manager Steve Kittrick. He again came out of retirement in February 2017, to play one game for AFC Emley in a Northern Counties East League Division One against Brigg Town after regular goalkeeper Graham McLachlan picked up a suspension. International career
<mask> represented England at semi-professional level making two appearances for the England C team during his time at Carlisle United in 2005 when they were playing in the Conference National. Personal life
In 2012, <mask> and wife Nicola opened two Hair & Beauty Lounges in Emley, Huddersfield, both named G27 in reference to his playing career. Statistics

Honours
Carlisle United
Football League Trophy runner-up: 2003
Conference National play-offs: 2004–05

Chester
Northern Premier League Premier Division: 2011–12

FC Halifax Town
Conference North play-offs: 2012–13
West Riding County Cup: 2012–13

References

Living people
1978 births
Footballers from Stockport
English footballers
England semi-pro international footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Bolton Wanderers F.C.players
Port Vale F.C. players
Stockport County F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players
Carlisle United F.C. players
Hull City A.F.C. players
Falkirk F.C. players
St Johnstone F.C.players
Huddersfield Town A.F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
Chester F.C. players
FC Halifax Town players
Buxton F.C. players
Scarborough Athletic F.C. players
A.F.C. Emley players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Northern Premier League players
Scottish Premier League players
Scottish Football League players
Northern Counties East Football League players

masks:
Matthew William Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon
Glennon


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<mask> (born 1952) is a Malaysian barrister and the former Attorney General of Malaysia from 2018 to 2020. He was the first practising barrister to be appointed directly from the Malaysian Bar to be the Attorney General, and the first non-Malay and non-Muslim Malaysian to hold this post after the formation of Malaysia in 1963. Early life and education
<mask> was born to Keluthara and <mask> (Dr.)in Kuala Lumpur in 1952 and graduated from Pasar Road English School and Victoria Institution. He read law at University of Manchester in 1973 and was called to the bar by Middle Temple in 1974. He has M.Sc. in International Relations from London School of Economics. Career

As a barrister
In 2001 and 2010, <mask> represented Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS)-led Terengganu and Kelantan governments in two separate lawsuits against Petronas over its failure to pay state oil royalty.In 2007 and 2008, he acted for the Securities Commission Malaysia to obtain a landmark High Court judgement ordering the Swisscash operators to pay US$83 million for compensating the investors in the Swiss Mutual Fund, which is known as an Internet-based worldwide Ponzi scheme hatched in Malaysia. In 2013 and 2014, he represented Penang government in its attempt to restore local government elections. Further in 2016 and 2017, he represented 76 next of kin of the passengers on board MH370 to ask Malaysia Airlines to release 37 documents including investigative reports on the missing flight MH370. <mask> was appointed Attorney General of Malaysia in 2018. He gave his first speech in Malay as Attorney General on 4 July and received many praises. The video of his speech went viral. On 28 February 2020, <mask> resigned as the Attorney General in response to the 2020 Malaysian political crisis.He submitted his resignation letter to interim Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad. Other career
<mask> was a director of the Malaysian Institute of Corporate Governance from 1995 to 2001. He was appointed Senior Consultant to the Corporate Governance Initiative of the United Nations Development Programme in 2000. He was editor of the report Corporate Governance in Asia: Lessons from the Financial Crisis, published in 2002. He is a life member of the Malaysian Economic Association and the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Controversies

Appointment as the Attorney General
<mask> had previously represented Chin Peng, the leader of the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM), in a failed appeal to the government to allow his body to be buried in his hometown, Sitiawan. Prior to his nomination as the new attorney general, the issue was touted by detractors as one of many reasons why Malaysians should object his appointment.In spite of that, <mask> was appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong as the attorney general which led to two online petitions with one in support and the other against <mask>' appointment. Subsequently, another petition was launched to urge the Agong to remove him from attorney general due to his poor command of the Malaysian language in wake of his request to the court that he be allowed to proceed in English when leading a prosecution against former Prime Minister Najib Razak. However, <mask> has said that PAS may have helped him stay as attorney general, instead of resigning the next day after his appointment in June 2018. Previously, <mask> had suggested that he could have been attorney general for just a single day, due to Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad's concern about the "scale and magnitude of the Malay opposition" to his appointment. <mask> reportedly said that Dr Mahathir that night changed his mind after PAS released a statement regarding the announcement earlier that day. “Apparently, a public statement issued by PAS that night that they had no objections to my appointment, especially since I had represented the PAS governments of Terengganu and Kelantan in their petroleum royalty cases against Petronas, had surprised Tun (Mahathir),” he was quoted saying in his prologue of his book. Discrimination in exercise of discretion
Taking into consideration good relations between Indonesia and Malaysia, <mask> agreed to Indonesia's request for the release of Siti Aisyah, one of the two female suspects in Kim Jong-nam assassination, and allowed the passage of nolle prosequi by requesting the court to order a discharge not amounting to acquittal against Siti Aisyah.However, he rejected a plea by the second female suspect Doan Thi Huong to drop the murder charge against her despite a request for release from the Vietnamese government. The different treatment towards the two suspects was perceived as discriminatory practice in the Malaysian judiciary system as the court had found a prima facie case against both Siti Aisyah and Doan. Ramkarpal Singh, the Malaysian Member of Parliament for Bukit Gelugor, stated that the refusal to withdraw the murder charge against the second suspect was "mind boggling and raises questions about the powers of the Attorney General". Similar views were also expressed by the newly elected Malaysian Bar President Abdul Fareed Abdul Gafoor, who stated that it was unusual for two individuals to be charged with the same crime but for one person to have her charge dropped and another remained charged. In April 2019, the murder charge against Doan was dropped and replaced with a lesser charge of "voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means". Doan pleaded guilty to the alternative charge and was sentenced to three years and four months in prison. Publications
<mask> has written 2 publications - Anything But the Law (Essays on Politics & Economics) and Abuse of Power (Selected Works on the Law and Constitution).Launched simultaneously in 2016, both books contained collections of essays he had written over the past 34 years on the Federal Constitution, law, politics and economics and that had been published by online portals and by the Malaysian Bar. His third book My Story: Justice in the Wilderness was launched in 2021. The book's theme about judiciary independence and corruption cause controversy in its early publication. Honours
  :
  Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (PSM) – Tan Sri (2019)

References

1952 births
Date of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from Kuala Lumpur
Malaysian people of Indian descent
Malaysian people of Malayali descent
Attorneys General of Malaysia
Malaysian lawyers
21st-century Malaysian politicians
Commanders of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia

masks:
Tommy Thomas
Thomas
Vijayamma Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas


texts:
<mask> (September 30, 1895 – August 31, 1983) was a major general in the United States Air Force and a pioneering aviator who set a flight distance record with Lester J. Maitland, completing the first transpacific flight to Hawaii in 1927 as navigator of the Bird of Paradise. <mask> was an aeronautical engineer of note, earning both the Mackay Trophy (1927) and Collier Trophy (1934) for achievement. Biography

Early years and World War I
<mask> was born at Boston, Massachusetts, in 1895. He entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1913 to undertake the course in civil engineering. When the United States entered World War I, <mask> enlisted in the Aviation Section, Signal Enlisted Reserve Corps as a private first class (flying cadet) on September 14, 1917. He completed ground school training at the school of military aeronautics at M.I.T. in December 1917, and proceeded to Ellington Field, Texas, where he earned a rating of Reserve Military Aviator.He was appointed a second lieutenant in the Signal Officer Reserve Corps on April 6, 1918. He was sent to the pilot pool at the Aviation Concentration Center at Camp John Dick, Dallas, Texas; then assigned successively to the School of Aerial Observers, Post Field, Fort Sill, Oklahoma; the School of Aerial Gunnery, Taliaferro Field, Texas, graduating as a gunnery pilot of July 5, 1918; and in October, 1918 back to M.I.T. for a four-month course in aeronautical engineering. Air Service and Air Corps
Upon completing his technical training in February 1919, <mask> became chief of the Instrument Branch at McCook Field, Dayton, Ohio. He was commissioned a first lieutenant, Air Service, in the Regular Army July 1, 1920, and subsequently served as assistant engineer of the Equipment Section, Air Service Engineering Division. <mask> transferred overseas to the 72nd Bombardment Squadron at Luke Field, Hawaii, in October 1923, and later served as operations officer of the 5th Composite Group. In March 1925, he was transferred to the 5th's 23rd Bombardment Squadron.Returning to the United States and McCook Field in October 1926, he became chief of the Equipment Branch, Materiel Division of the Army Air Corps. In July 1927, he was appointed chief of the Instrument and Navigation Unit at the Materiel Division's new facilities at Wright Field. While stationed at McCook, he planned the first transpacific flight to Hawaii, then using his flight plan, flew the Bird of Paradise to Hawaii with 1st Lt. Lester J. Maitland on June 28–29, 1927, for which they won the Mackay Trophy. Resuming his work at Wright Field, <mask> developed the first blind flying landing system, and on May 9, 1932, made the first complete solo blind flight from take-off to landing, for which he was presented the 1934 Collier Trophy on July 22, 1935, by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He joined the 30th Bombardment Squadron at Rockwell Field, San Diego, California, in August 1935, and was made squadron commander in October. He later moved with this unit to March Field, California, where he served until August 1937. <mask> was a student at the Air Corps Tactical School at Maxwell Field, Alabama from September 1938 to June 1939.He then moved on to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, where he completed the Command and General Staff School in June 1939. <mask> was assigned to Hickam Field, Hawaii, as operations officer of the 5th Bombardment Group in July 1939, and the following February became operations officer of the 18th Wing at Hickam Field. He moved to Fort Shafter, Hawaii, in November 1940 to become assistant chief of staff for operations of the Hawaiian Air Force, and in April 1941, was named commanding officer of the 11th Bombardment Group at Hickam Field. World War II
<mask> began World War II in command of the 18th Bombardment Wing at Hickam Field, and in January became chief of staff of the VII Bomber Command. From August to October 1942, he was assistant chief of staff for operations of the Second Air Force, and commanding officer of its II Bomber Command at Fort George Wright, Washington. In October 1942, he organized the 21st Bombardment Wing, a staging organization for heavy bombardment crews headed overseas, at Smoky Hill Army Air Base, Salina, Kansas, and commanded in until January 1944. In May 1943 he moved the wing to Topeka Army Air Base, Kansas.In January 1944, he was reassigned to Headquarters, Second Air Force, now at Colorado Springs, Colorado, as chief of staff. In January 1945, he was named chief of staff of the Fourteenth Air Force in the China Theater of Operations, and in August became commander of the Tenth Air Force in the same theater. Postwar and service in the USAF
Returning to the United States in December 1945, he was assigned to Headquarters, Army Air Forces, for duty with the Officers Selection Committee. In July 1946, he went to Pacific Air Command (PACUSA) headquarters in Tokyo, Japan, and two months later became commanding general of the 1st Air Division on Okinawa. He returned to the United States and the Pentagon in December 1947, with assignment to the office of the Deputy Chief of Staff—Materiel, Headquarters United States Air Force, for duty with the Special Weapons Group as assistant to Major Gen. William E. Kepner, Deputy Chief for Atomic Energy. On 1 July 1948, a reorganization moved the organization to the office of the Deputy Chief of Staff—Operations, and <mask> succeeded Kepner as chief of Special Weapons Group. In August 1948, under the Assistant For Atomic Energy, his position was retitled Chief, 1009th Special Weapons Squadron.<mask> retired August 31, 1949. In 1958 he was recognized for his demonstration of the capability of four-course radio range beacons as a navigational aid by the Professional Group on Aeronautical and Navigational Electronics, a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, receiving its annual Pioneer Award, and in 1976 was enshrined in the National Aviation Hall of Fame. He died of pneumonia in Goldenrod, Florida on August 31, 1983. Awards and decorations
SOURCE: Biographical Data on Air Force General Officers, 1917–1952, Volume 1 – A thru L

  Command pilot

  World War II Victory Medal

  Order of Cloud and Banner (Republic of China)

  Order of the Crown of Italy (Grand Officer)

  Combat Observer

  Technical Observer

<mask> also received the 1927 Mackay Trophy, the 1934 Collier Trophy, and was a fellow of the Institute of Aeronautical Engineers. Dates of promotion
Private first class, Signal Enlisted Reserve Corps, 14 September 1917
Second lieutenant, Signal Officers Reserve Corps; 6 April 1918
First lieutenant, Air Service; 1 July 1920
Captain, Air Corps; 3 January 1932
Major (temporary), 2 October 1935
Major, Air Corps; 15 August 1939
Lieutenant colonel (temporary), 30 December 1940
Lieutenant colonel, Air Corps;  18 December 1941
Colonel (temporary), 5 January 1942
Colonel, Army of the United States, 8 June 1942
Brigadier general (temporary), 18 September 1943
Major general (temporary), 7 September 1945
Brigadier general (permanent), 19 February 1948, with date of rank from 19 September 1943

Legacy
Hegenberger Road and Hegenberger Expressway in Oakland, California, near the Oakland International Airport, are named after him. References

External links
First Flight Society - Major General <mask>. <mask>

1895 births
1983 deaths
United States Army Air Forces generals
Flight distance record holders
Collier Trophy recipients
Mackay Trophy winners
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
American navigators
Flight navigators
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Air Corps Tactical School alumni
People from Boston
American aviation record holders
United States Army Air Forces generals of World War II
Military personnel from Massachusetts

masks:
Albert Francis Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Hegenberger
Albert F
Hegenberger


texts:
<mask> (born <mask>) is the former director (2010-2020) of the United States Strategic National Stockpile, which proved to be a critical component of the U.S. federal response to the 2019-2020 coronavirus pandemic. His long-planned retirement in January 2020 came after 38 years in government service. Although Burel retired about a month before the major U.S. outbreak of the coronavirus, he said if he had any indication it would have happened, he would have stayed in the job. Education
<mask> attended Georgia State University in Atlanta, where he received a Bachelor of Business Administration. He finished the strategic leadership course at US Office of Personnel Management’s Federal Executive Institute’s “Leadership for a Democratic Society” Program, studying with other senior (GS-15 and above) public service executives. He has completed intensive studies in finance, incident command and process improvement as well as participating in Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government National Preparedness Leadership Initiative. Government service
Burel’s government employment commenced in 1982 when he began working in the US Internal Revenue Service.He moved on to positions with increasing responsibility in the General Services Administration, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency, where he was director of the Administration and Resource Planning division. He served FEMA through many disasters and emergencies as Logistics Chief and Regional Operations Center Director with responsibility for emergency logistics and planning throughout the southeastern United States. Additionally, he served as a member of the FEMA Logistics Advisory Group where he and his colleagues evaluated emergencies and disasters. In 2005, he was chosen as part of the Senior Executive Service and began working with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), beginning with the National Center for Health Informatics. In 2007 he became director of the Division of the Strategic National Stockpile. SNS director
<mask> served as the director of the SNS for 12 years before his retirement in January 2020. While director, he was the agency leader for over 200 personnel overseeing an annual appropriated budget of over $500 million.Edward Gabriel, the Department of Health and Human Services principal deputy assistant secretary for preparedness and response, credited Burel with making the SNS “as relevant as it currently is” saying that Burel’s “unique ability to work with the private sector has made him one of the best in the medical supply chain business.”  In 2016, an HHS deputy assistant secretary said that Burel “has done a stellar job for nearly 10 years.”

A senior official at the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration credited Burel with making distribution of supplies from the SNS “more rapid than ever before.”

To improve the nation’s supplies of medicines and other vital items for a biological event, he recommended that drug manufacturers hold more materials within their U.S.-based facilities, rather than having materials being held at offshore plants in other countries. The Strategic National Stockpile is meant for “a very bad day that we hope never happens,” Burel said in a 2020 podcast interview. According to NBC News, “The Strategic National Stockpile, or SNS, is meant to be used for brief periods until the supply chain resumes normally, other supplies are manufactured or the president invokes the Defense Production Act.”  During emergencies, SNS officials work with both public (government) and private companies to “find and close gaps” in materials, supplies, and other items necessary for the emergency; then, the SNS goes and procures those items that it needs. The intention behind the SNS is not to be the solution to a public health crisis. Rather, it is to be used as a temporary stopgap during an emergency while the longer-term solutions get developed. Supplies in the Strategic National Stockpile include antibiotics, antidotes, antitoxins, life-support medications, airway maintenance supplies and medical and surgical items. The number of SNS warehouses, as well as their locations, are national security secrets.The general estimate is that the stockpile holds $8 billion worth of items. These items range from vaccines, antibiotics, medical equipment and protective supplies. Burel said, when asked how much warehouse space the SNS takes up, that it is approximately the square footage of 12 Super Walmarts – or possibly even more. According to Burel, some drugs needed in a biological event such as a pandemic are available only through the SNS. SNS history
Since its creation, the SNS has responded to over 60 public health emergencies. These emergencies have included both natural disasters (Hurricane Katrina, for example) and disease outbreaks. In 1999, Congress created the Strategic National Stockpile.It was originally named the National Pharmaceutical Stockpile. The stockpile’s first budget was a $51 million appropriation and it had only a “handful of staff,” according to Burel in a 2019 article he co-authored on the Department of Health and Human Services website. Today, the stockpile operates under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response. It holds a $7 billion inventory. On the morning of the 9/11 attacks, the government called for stockpile supplies that day as a part of the immediate response. The attacks had come just one month after the stockpile, FAA, and New York emergency departments staged “their first full-scale exercise.”

Emergency response professionals, from scientists to doctors, became very aware of the real dangers of bioterrorism after the 2001 anthrax attacks. The SNS response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza event marked the largest deployment in history of any nation’s stockpile.In that event, the SNS was able to deliver quality, necessary materials to the states during the early stages of the event. It showed that all the prior preparation had paid off. After the H1N1 event, SNS officials studied their own response and learned how to improve their own capabilities in the future. Funding and preparedness
The SNS is designed so that its inventory can be deployed quickly to anywhere in the United States in under 12 hours. One of the key issues around preparedness is that each year the leadership of the stockpile had to choose how to spend its annual budget—on which threats to prepare for, and in what proportion. The leaders could never have prepared for the kind of mass event that unfolded with the coronavirus pandemic. In the coronavirus pandemic supplemental appropriations bill passed by Congress and signed by President Trump, more money was allocated to the Strategic National Stockpile.Additionally, the SNS recently issued a request for proposal (RFP) to buy 500 million masks over the next year. The RFP asks that entities with masks willing sell them send over a proposal to see if the two can come to a sales agreement. In his role as the director, Burel noted that while the SNS is designed to help during large events like a terrorist attack or pandemic, it also helps in smaller, more containable emergencies. In April 2015, he got a call around 2 p.m. from an Ohio doctor describing a possible “life-threatening botulism outbreak that posed a risk to as many as 50 people.” Burel issued an approval for medication from the stockpile that ended up getting to the victims shortly after midnight and help saved the lives of 18 people who had become seriously sick. In 2009, the stockpile gave out critical supplies in the H1N1 pandemic and did not fully replenish those supplies. Thus, the stockpile was not at its fullest capacity before the coronavirus pandemic hit. During the response to H1N1, the SNS provided 20 million pieces of PPE and 85 million N95 masks.In the response to Ebola in 2014, the CDC ordered $2.7 million in PPE for the stockpile. Burel response to COVID-19 pandemic
In 2016, NPR wrote, “Thousands of lives might someday depend on this stockpile . . .”

In his 38 year career as an emergency management professional, Burel said that although he had hoped the response to this pandemic could have been stronger, it is difficult to point to a response to any historic event where the response would have been considered “great out of the box.”  He defended the SNS, stating that the shortages of personal protective equipment across the U.S. in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic is a function of a systemwide failure in the nation’s health care delivery system. He said that although the stockpile has over $8 bullion in material, he still considers it underfunded. When asked why he considers funding less than adequate, Burel explained, “In any preparedness role, the further away from an event you move, the lower the likelihood that you will get funding for it. That goes the same for public engagement, too.”

When asked which issues he thought most important, in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic, Burel mentioned three specific items: masks, antibiotics, and ventilators. The stockpile for masks will never be the final answer; rather, it can act as a bridge between the private sector health system and the market. On ventilators, Burel showed concern, saying that the community mitigation measures recommended by the CDC and Dr. Anthony Fauci, should be followed in order to flatten the disease curve, because if the curve is not checked, the US hospital system will be overwhelmed.Ventilators, are expensive, and require more care and maintenance management than other items in the stockpile. Burel said antibiotics are extremely important for secondary infections that could develop as a result of contracting COVID-19. Burel acknowledges that the public’s perception of the government’s response to the coronavirus pandemic is mostly a function of their political leanings. People who support President Trump typically will say that the response has been adequate, while people who oppose President Trump say the response is not. The key reasons behind the supply issues from the SNS during the coronavirus pandemic, according to Burel, are two-fold. First, the stockpile had limited funds. Second, it had to use those funds to buy expensive equipment and treatments that are not manufactured in big numbers (because they are for such rare events).“We have found ourselves in a perfect storm today in that we saw an immediate cut-off of product that was coming from outside the United States,” Burel said, referring to the critically needed personal protective equipment, including N95 masks. “Secondly, the next thing that happened is, there were immediate surge requirements where people tried to stock up on this product as we started to hear about coronavirus and cases started to appear in advance. So that was putting additional pressure on the limited supply that is being made in the United States.”

In a March 30, 2020 interview with CBS News, Burel said that the stockpile system is very stressed. The U.S. began tapping the SNS for supplies to respond to the coronavirus pandemic in early March 2020. He stated that even if the stockpile had unlimited funds, not everything that everyone needed would have been available. Post government
In February 2020, Burel joined the private sector when he became President and Principal Consultant at Hamilton Grace, a Washington DC government relations agency. Recognition and awards
Burel was among the winners of the 2015 Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice for his paper, Machine Learning for Predicting Vaccine Immunogenicity.In 2016, <mask> was the winner of the Partnership for Public Service’s “Management Excellence” award during his role as director of the Division of Strategic National Stockpile at the CDC. He received the Samuel J. Hayman Service to America Medal, the “Sammie,” in the management excellence category, specifically for his managing ten responses to major hurricanes, floods and influenza pandemics as well as 30 incidents treating people with infection diseases including botulism and Ebola. He was also cited for his work during the Zika virus epidemic where he coordinated the SNS’s efforts with the CDC Foundation and private industry. The award, known as the “Oscar” of government service, is “…awarded to a handful of federal employees each year for outstanding service to their country and humanity.”

See also

 Strategic National Stockpile

References

External links
 “Former head of Strategic National Stockpile on coronavirus shortages: Many links in supply chain were not prepared” (Fox News)

Georgia State University alumni
Trump administration personnel
Obama administration personnel
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Greg Burel
William Gregory Burel
Greg Burel
Greg Burel
Burel


texts:
<mask> (born 16 May 1993) is a German-born American professional wrestler who performs under the ring name <mask> (デビッド・フィンレー　Debiddo Finrē). He is signed to New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and also performs for Impact Wrestling, where he is a former Impact World Tag Team Champion. Born in Germany to Irish parents, he is a fourth-generation professional wrestler; his father, <mask>, trained him before he received additional training from Satoshi Kojima and the NJPW Dojo. He frequently partners with Juice Robinson as the team FinJuice; they are one-time IWGP Tag Team Champions. <mask>, along with Ricochet and Satoshi Kojima, is a former NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Champion. Early life
<mask> was born on 16 May 1993 in Hanover, the son of Northern Irish parents <mask> and Melanie Duffin. He has stated that he wanted to be a wrestler since he was young, being inspired by watching his father wrestle.<mask> grew up in a wrestling family and is a fourth-generation professional wrestler; his grandfather <mask> "Dave<mask> Sr., as well as both of his great-grandfathers <mask> and John Liddell, were all professional wrestlers. His paternal aunt was a referee. Professional wrestling career

Early career (2012–2015)
On 22 December 2012, <mask> made his professional wrestling debut for German promotion European Wrestling Promotion (EWP). He defeated Big Daddy Walter by disqualification. Later that evening, he teamed up with his father for a tag team match against Robbie Brookside and Dan Collins, which they won; it was also his father's retirement match. In 2014, <mask> became the inaugural Power of Wrestling Junior Champion. He held the title for 314 days before vacating it on 20 August 2015, due to his signing with New Japan Pro-Wrestling.New Japan Pro-Wrestling (2015–present)
<mask> entered the 2015 Best of the Super Juniors tournament hosted by New Japan Pro-Wrestling, but failed to win, losing all his matches in the tournament and ending with a final tally of 0 points. After the tournament, <mask> was announced as a "young lion". He would carry this moniker until September 2016, <mask> announced he was no longer a young lion. At the Destruction in Kobe event on 25 September, he won the NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championship with Ricochet and Satoshi Kojima by defeating Bullet Club (Nick Jackson, Matt Jackson and Adam Cole). They lost the titles at Wrestle Kingdom 11 on 4 January 2017 to Los Ingobernables de Japón (Evil, Bushi and Sanada). At Wrestling Dontaku in May, <mask> was defeated by Cody. In August, he formed a tag team with Juice Robinson, dubbed FinJuice.They teamed for the rest of the year before going their separate ways for the NJPW World Tag League in December, which saw Robinson teaming with Sami Callihan, while <mask> teamed with Katsuya Kitamura. <mask> and Kitamura failed to win the tournament, ending with 0 points. At Strong Style Evolved in March 2018, <mask> attacked Jay White, after White's successful defense of the IWGP United States Heavyweight Championship over Hangman Page. <mask> was granted a title shot, but at the main event of Road to Wrestling Dontaku, he was defeated by White. <mask> returned to teaming with Robinson and other Taguchi Japan members for the remainder of the year; he and Robinson participated in the 2018 World Tag League, where they finished with a record of eight wins and five losses, failing to advance to the finals. Their final block match against Best Friends (Beretta and Chuckie T.) ended by disqualification, when Chuckie, who had recently been prone to violent outbursts, struck <mask> in the back with a chair. At New Years's Dash!!2019, another match between FinJuice and Best Friends ended in a disqualification, when Chuckie once again struck <mask> in the back with a chair. On day one of The New Beginning in USA, <mask> defeated Chuckie in a no disqualification match, ending their feud. <mask> was announced for the 2019 New Japan Cup, however on 23 February 2019, he suffered a shoulder injury removing him from the tournament. The injury happened during FinJuice's ROH World Tag Team Championship match again the champions The Briscoes at the Honor Rising NJPW/ROH event. It was later revealed to be a torn labrum and that he would be out of action for around six months. On 14 October at King of Pro-Wrestling, <mask> made his return to the company, by making the save on Robinson who was being attacked by Lance Archer, after their match for the vacant IWGP United States Heavyweight Championship. He then challenged Archer to a title shot a later date.This happened at Showdown in San Jose, but he was defeated by Archer. At Showdown in Los Angeles, <mask>, Robinson and Clark Connors were defeated by Suzuki-gun (Minoru Suzuki, Archer and El Desperado). <mask> would go on to enter the 2019 World Tag League with Robinson where they made it to the finals defeating Evil and Sanada of Los Ingobernables de Japón and earning a shot at the IWGP Tag Team Championship titles against Guerrillas of Destiny (G.O.D) during the first of Wrestle Kingdom 14 on 4 January 2020. They would go on to defeat G.O.D to win the championship at the event on 4 January 2020. They lost the titles back to G.O.D at The New Beginning USA on February 1. Ring of Honor (2016–2019)
Prior to <mask>'s official debut for Ring of Honor in January 2019, his previous involvement with the American promotion was at the NJPW-ROH promoted Honor Rising: Japan shows, held in Korakuen Hall. His first appearance in this capacity was on 20 February 2016, where he was defeated by Jay White.In February 2017, <mask> tagged with Juice Robinson and Kushida, defeating Jado & Gedo and Silas Young, but the following night, he and Kushida lost to Young and Jado. In February 2018, <mask> was again involved in tag matches, tagging with Robinson in a defeat to The Young Bucks, and the following night, he, Robinson and Jay Lethal defeated Bullet Club (Chase Owens, Hikuleo and Yujiro Takahashi). <mask> made his debut for Ring of Honor during the January 2019 TV tapings, in a loss to Tracy Williams. Robinson later announced the formation of Lifeblood, with the goal of bringing honor back to ROH; the stable included <mask>, Williams, Bandido, Mark Haskins and Tenille Dashwood. Lifeblood defeated Jay Lethal's handpicked team of Jonathan Gresham, Flip Gordon, Dalton Castle and Jeff Cobb in the main event. <mask> and Robinson, representing Lifeblood, participated in the Tag Wars Tournament. In the first round, they beat Alex Coughlin and Karl Fredericks, and in the semi-finals, they won in a three-way dance over Lethal and Gresham and Coast 2 Coast (LSG and Shaheem Ali).In the final, they were defeated by Villain Enterprises (Brody King and PCO). Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (2018)
On October 5, 2018, <mask> participated in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre's CMLL International Gran Prix, as part of the Resto del Mundo team, and as a representative of New Japan Pro-Wrestling. He lasted 29 minutes and 40 seconds, before being eliminated by Carístico. During October, he appeared in multiple tag team matches, all with the stipulation of two out of three falls. Impact Wrestling (2021-present)
On February 13, 2021, at No Surrender, a video package aired promoting <mask> along with his tag team partner Juice Robinson (collectively known as FinJuice) arriving to Impact Wrestling as part of a partnership between Impact and New Japan Pro-Wrestling. They feuded with The Good Brothers (Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson), defeating them at Sacrifice to win the Impact World Tag Team Championship. Personal life
<mask> resides in Atlanta, Georgia.He became engaged to his girlfriend Ana Scott on 9 May 2017, and they were married on 13 May 2018. Championships and accomplishments
Impact Wrestling
Impact World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Juice Robinson
 New Japan Pro-Wrestling
 IWGP Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Juice Robinson
 NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Ricochet and Satoshi Kojima
 World Tag League (2019) – with Juice Robinson
 Power of Wrestling
 POW Junior Championship (1 time)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked No. 233 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2020

References

External links

Living people
1993 births
American people of Northern Ireland descent
American male professional wrestlers
German male professional wrestlers
German people of Northern Ireland descent
German emigrants to the United States
Expatriate professional wrestlers in Japan
Sportspeople from Hanover
Sportspeople from Atlanta
TNA/Impact World Tag Team Champions

masks:
David Finlay III
David Finlay
Fit Finlay
Finlay
David Finlay III
Fit Finlay
Finlay
David
" Finlay
William Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
Finlay
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Finlay
Finlay


texts:
<mask> (May 5, 1903 – January 23, 1985) was an American chef, cookbook author, teacher and television personality. He pioneered television cooking shows, taught at The James Beard Cooking School in New York City and Seaside, Oregon, and lectured widely. He emphasized American cooking, prepared with fresh, wholesome, American ingredients, to a country just becoming aware of its own culinary heritage. <mask> taught and mentored generations of professional chefs and food enthusiasts. He published more than twenty books, and his memory is honored by his foundation's annual James Beard Awards. Early life and education

Family
<mask> was born in Portland, Oregon, on May 5, 1903, to Elizabeth and <mask>. His British-born mother operated the Gladstone Hotel, and his father worked at the city's customs house.The family vacationed on the Pacific coast in Gearhart, Oregon, where <mask> was exposed to Pacific Northwest cuisine. Common ingredients of this cuisine are salmon, shellfish, and other fresh seafood; game meats such as moose, elk, or venison; mushrooms, berries, small fruits, potatoes, and wild plants such as fiddleheads or young pushki (Heracleum maximum, or cow parsnip). <mask>'s earliest memory of food was at the 1905 Lewis and Clark Exposition, when he was two years old. In his memoir he recalled:

I was taken to the exposition two or three times. The thing that remained in my mind above all others—I think it marked my life—was watching Triscuits and shredded wheat biscuits being made. Isn't that crazy? At two years old that memory was made.It intrigued the hell out of me. At age three <mask> was bedridden with malaria, and the illness gave him time to focus on the food prepared by his mother and Jue-Let, the family's Chinese cook. According to <mask> he was raised by Jue-Let and Thema, who instilled in him a passion for Chinese culture. <mask> reportedly "[attributed] much of his upbringing to Jue-Let," whom he referred to as his Chinese godfather. Education
<mask> briefly attended Reed College in Portland, Oregon. He was expelled for homosexuality in 1922, having had relationships with "one or more male students and a professor." However the college granted <mask> an honorary degree in 1976.After leaving Reed, he traveled from Portland to Liverpool aboard a British freighter, spending subsequent years living and traveling in Europe. In 1923, he joined a theatrical troupe and studied voice and theater. He also spent time in Paris, where he experienced French cuisine at its bistros and central market, Les Halles. In France, he also had the opportunity to enjoy sexual freedom, having a short relationship with a young man. From this period and the widespread influence of French food culture, he became a Francophile. In 1927 he returned to the US, spending time in Portland, Hollywood, and New York attempting to start a career in acting, costume and set design, and radio. Career
<mask> moved to New York City in 1937.Unlucky in the theater, he and friend Bill Rhodes capitalized on the cocktail party craze by opening Hors d'Oeuvre, Inc., a catering company. This led to lecturing, teaching, writing, and the realization "that part of his mission [as a food connoisseur] was to defend the pleasure of real cooking and fresh ingredients against the assault of the Jell-O-mold people and the domestic scientists." He published his first cookbook in 1940: Hors D'Oeuvre and Canapés, a compilation of his catering recipes. According to fellow cooking enthusiast Julia Child, this book put him on the culinary map. World War II rationing ended <mask>'s catering business. He enlisted in the Army and was trained as a cryptographic specialist. Because he had hoped to serve in the hotel management division of the Army Quartermaster Corps, he sought and obtained release from the Army in 1943 based on a regulation applying to men over age 38.From August 1946 to May 1947, he hosted I Love to Eat, a live television cooking show on NBC, beginning his ascent as an American food authority. According to Child, "Through the years he gradually became not only the leading culinary figure in the country, but 'The Dean of American Cuisine'." In 1952, when Helen Evans Brown published her Helen Brown's West Coast Cook Book, <mask> wrote her a letter igniting a friendship that lasted until Brown's death. The two, along with her husband Phillip, developed a friendship which was both professional and personal. <mask> and Brown became like siblings, admonishing and encouraging each other, as well as collaborating. According to the James Beard Foundation website, "In 1955, he established The James Beard Cooking School. He continued to teach cooking to men and women for the next thirty years, both at his own schools (in New York City and Seaside, Oregon), and around the country at women's clubs, other cooking schools, and civic groups.He was a tireless traveler, bringing his message of good food, honestly prepared with fresh, wholesome, American ingredients, to a country just becoming aware of its own culinary heritage." <mask> brought French cooking to the American middle and upper classes during the 1950s, appearing on TV as a cooking personality. David Kamp (who discusses <mask> at length in his book, The United States of Arugula) noted that <mask>'s was the first cooking show on TV. He compares Dione Lucas' cooking show and school with <mask>'s, noting that their prominence during the 1950s marked the emergence of a sophisticated, New York-based, nationally  and internationally known food culture. Kamp wrote, "It was in this decade [the 1950s] that <mask> made his name as <mask>, the brand name, the face and belly of American gastronomy." He noted that <mask> met Alice B. Toklas on a trip to Paris, indicative of the network of fellow food celebrities who would follow him during his life and carry on his legacy after his death. <mask> made endorsement deals to promote products that he might not have otherwise used or suggested in his own cuisine, including Omaha Steaks, French's Mustard, Green Giant Corn Niblets, Old Crow bourbon, Planters Peanuts, Shasta soft drinks, DuPont chemicals, and Adolph's Meat Tenderizer.According to Kamp, <mask> later felt himself a "gastronomic whore" for doing so. Although he felt that mass-produced food that was neither fresh, local nor seasonal was a betrayal of his gastronomic beliefs, he needed the money for his cooking schools. According to Thomas McNamee, "<mask>, a man of stupendous appetites—for food, sex, money, you name it—stunned his subtler colleagues." In 1981, <mask> and friend Gael Greene founded Citymeals-on-Wheels, which continues to help feed the homebound elderly in New York City. Personal life
Julia Child summed up <mask>'s personal life:
<mask> was the quintessential American cook. Well-educated and well-traveled during his eighty-two years, he was familiar with many cuisines but he remained fundamentally American. He was a big man, over six feet tall, with a big belly, and huge hands.An endearing and always lively teacher, he loved people, loved his work, loved gossip, loved to eat, loved a good time. Mark Bittman described him in a manner similar to Child's description:In a time when serious cooking meant French Cooking, <mask> was quintessentially American, a Westerner whose mother ran a boardinghouse, a man who grew up with hotcakes and salmon and meatloaf in his blood. A man who was born a hundred years ago on the other side of the country, in a city, Portland, that at the time was every bit as cosmopolitan as, say, Allegheny, Pennsylvania. <mask> admitted, "until I was about forty-five, I guess I had a really violent temper." <mask> was gay. According to <mask>'s memoir, "By the time I was seven, I knew that I was gay. I think it's time to talk about that now."<mask> came out in 1981, in Delights and Prejudices, a revised version of his memoir. Of <mask>'s "most significant romantic attachments" was his "lifetime companion" of thirty years, Gino Cofacci, who was given an apartment in <mask>'s townhouse in the will and died in 1989, and <mask>'s former cooking school assistant Carl Jerome. John Birdsall, a food writer who won two James Beard Awards, ties <mask>'s sexuality to his food aesthetics, and said in 2016 it's only recently that people are accepting the connection. <mask> died of heart failure on January 21, 1985, at his home in New York City at age 81. He was cremated and his ashes scattered over the beach in Gearhart, Oregon, where he spent summers as a child. In 1995, Love and Kisses and a Halo of Truffles: Letters from Helen Evans Brown was published. It contained excerpts from <mask>'s bi-weekly correspondence from 1952 to 1964 with friend and fellow chef Helen Evans Brown.The book gave insight to their relationship as well as the way that they developed ideas for recipes, projects and food. Foundation

After <mask>'s death in 1985, Julia Child wanted to preserve his home in New York City as the gathering place that it had been during his life. Peter Kump, a former student of <mask>'s and the founder of the Institute of Culinary Education (formerly Peter Kump's New York Cooking School), spearheaded efforts to purchase the house and create the James Beard Foundation. <mask>'s renovated brownstone at 167 West 12th Street in Greenwich Village, is North America's only historic culinary center. It is preserved as a gathering place where the press and general public could appreciate the talents of emerging and established chefs. In 1986, the James Beard Foundation was established in <mask>'s honor to provide scholarships to aspiring food professionals and champion the American culinary tradition which <mask> helped create. "Since its inception in 1991, the James Beard Foundation Scholarship Program has awarded over $4.6 million in financial aid to a variety of students—from recent high school graduates, to working culinary professionals, to career changers.Recipients come from many countries, and enhance their knowledge at schools around the world." The annual James Beard Foundation Awards celebrate fine cuisine around <mask>'s birthday. Held on the first Monday in May, the awards ceremony honors American chefs, restaurants, journalists, cookbook authors, restaurant designers and electronic-media professionals. It culminates in a reception featuring tastings of signature dishes of more than 30 of the foundation's chefs. A quarterly magazine, Beard House, is a compendium of culinary journalism. The foundation also publishes the James Beard Foundation Restaurant Directory, a directory of all chefs who have presented a meal at the Beard House or participated in one of the foundation's outside fundraising events. The foundation was affected by scandals; in 2004 its head, Leonard Pickell, resigned and was imprisoned for grand larceny and in 2005 the board of trustees resigned.During this period, chef and writer Anthony Bourdain called the foundation "a kind of benevolent shakedown operation." A new board of trustees has instituted an ethics policy and chosen a president, Susan Ungaro, to prevent future problems. Works
Hors d'Oeuvre and Canapés (1940) M. Barrows & Co., revised in 1963 and 1985
Cook It Outdoors (1941) M. Barrows & Co.
Fowl and Game Cookery (1944) M. Barrows & Co. The Fireside Cook Book: A Complete Guide to Fine Cooking for Beginner and Expert (1949) Simon & Schuster, reissued in 1982 as The Fireside Cookbook
Paris Cuisine (1952) Little, Brown and Company Beard co-wrote Paris Cuisine with British journalist Alexander Watt. The Complete Book of Barbecue & Rotisserie Cooking (1954) Maco Magazine Corp., reissued in 1958 as New Barbecue Cookbook and again in 1966 as <mask>'s Barbecue Cookbook
Complete Cookbook for Entertaining (1954) Maco Magazine org*How to Eat Better for Less Money (1954) Simon & Schuster
<mask>'s Fish Cookery (1954) Little, Brown, reissued in 1976 and 1987 in paperback as <mask>'s New Fish Cookery
Casserole Cookbook (1955) Maco Magazine Corp. Notes

See also
 Culinary history of New York City
 LGBT culture in New York City
 List of LGBT people from New York City
 List of LGBT people from Portland, Oregon

References
 <mask>, <mask> (1990) A James Beard Memoir: The James Beard Celebration Cookbook. Ed.Barbara Kafka. New York: W. Morrow
 <mask>, <mask>; José Wilson (2007) Beard on Food: The Best Recipes and Kitchen Wisdom from the Dean of American Cooking. New York: Bloomsbury
 <mask>, <mask> (1949) The Fireside Cook Book: A Complete Guide to Fine Cooking for Beginner and Expert. New York: Simon & Schuster
 <mask>, <mask> (1974) The Best of Beard: Great Recipes From a Great Cook. New York: Warner Books

 Clark, Robert (1993) <mask>: A Biography. New York: HarperCollins
 Kamp, David (2006) The United States of Arugula: The Sun Dried, Cold-pressed, Dark-Roasted, Extra Virgin Story of the American Food Revolution. New York: Broadway Books
 Loughery, John (1998) The Other Side of Silence—Men's Lives and Gay Identities: A Twentieth-Century History.New York, Henry Holt and Company . External links
 The Fales Library Guide to the James Beard Papers
 James Beard Foundation
 James Beard Foundation Awards
 <mask> — Food Expert/Writer from Oregon Encyclopedia
 James <mask> Audio Recordings
 <mask> Quotes

1903 births
1985 deaths
American cookbook writers
American food writers
American television chefs
Chefs from New York City
American male chefs
American gay writers
LGBT people from Oregon
Reed College alumni
Writers from Portland, Oregon
20th-century American non-fiction writers
Washington High School (Portland, Oregon) alumni
20th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
Chefs from Oregon
20th-century LGBT people

masks:
James Andrews Beard
Beard
James Andrews Beard
John Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
James Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
James Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Beard
Jim Beard
James Beard
James Beard
Beard
James
Beard
James
Beard
James
Beard
James
James Beard
James Beard
Beard
James Beard


texts:
<mask> (born October 4, 1960) is an American politician who is a former Colorado state legislator. First elected to the Colorado House of Representatives in 2000, <mask> was appointed to fill a vacancy in the Colorado Senate in 2007. Later, he represented Senate District 12, which covers rural Colorado Springs, Fort Carson, Security-Widefield, Cimarron Hills, and Cheyenne Mountain. He was on the Board of Directors of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), a national association of legislators. In 2015, he was elected as President of the Colorado Senate when the GOP won control of the chamber for the 1st time in ten years. He left those offices on January 11, 2017. He was previously Republican Leader while in the minority.Biography
Born in Hollywood, Maryland, Cadman earned a bachelor's degree from California State University in 1989 before settling in Colorado. Cadman worked as the office manager for U.S. Representative Joel Hefley from 1994 to 2000. From 1996-98, he was a board member of the Colorado Republican Party. Cadman is married; he and his wife, Lisa, have two children and live in Colorado Springs. Colorado House of Representatives
In 2000, he was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives, representing House District 15, which covered eastern Colorado Springs, Colorado. Cadman rose to become House Majority Whip during the 2003–2004 session. <mask> won re-election to four terms in the House, defeating a series of Democratic opponents (Steven Bell in 2000, Charley Johnson in 2002, <mask> in 2004, and Allison Hunter in 2006), each time claiming more than 65% of the vote.During his time in the majority, Cadman sponsored legislation on the subjects of immigration, eviction practices, and domestic violence laws. After Democrats took control of the legislature in 2004, <mask> served as Minority Caucus Chair. During the 2007 legislative session, he sat on the House State, Veterans, and Military Affairs Committee, and on the legislature's Joint Computer Management Committee. Colorado State Senate

2007 appointment and 2008 election
Term-limited in the State House, <mask> filed to run for the Colorado Senate in the 2008 legislative elections, seeking the seat held by Senator Ron May who was himself term-limited. Upon May's resignation in October 2007, <mask> sought and unanimously won a vacancy appointment to May's seat in the Colorado Senate. He resigned from the State House on December 10, 2007, and was sworn into the Senate on December 11. He faced opposition in the 2008 election from Democrat Diane Whitley, but ultimately won election to the Senate with 65% of the vote.2009 legislative session

During the 2009 legislative session, <mask> was the prime sponsor of a Senate Joint Memorial focusing on protecting the rights of workers to cast secret ballots in workplace elections. SJM 09-007 fought to counter-act the "Employee Free Choice Act" that would force employees to cast secret ballots for union elections in the presence of a union organizer. The bill would have urged Congress to stop the EFCA from passing. The bill, while supported by the entire Senate Republican Caucus, failed to reach the Colorado House of Representatives as it was postponed indefinitely in the Senate State, Veterans, and Military Affairs Committee. 2010 legislative session

In 2010, Cadman sponsored HB10-1287 with Representative Lambert that would have disallowed state employees from using state-owned vehicles for commuting purposes. The bill, which would have freed up $3 million for the state budget, passed through both chambers before reaching the Governor's desk. Governor <mask>, a Democrat, vetoed the bill, claiming it "sweeps too broadly" and would diminish public safety in the process.2011 legislative session

Senator <mask> sponsored several legislative measures throughout the course of the 2011 legislative session, one of the biggest measures being HB 11-1284. This bill would have impacted how beer is sold throughout Colorado, allowing grocery stores and convenience stores to sell full-strength beer. The bill was first introduced the House and assigned to the Committee on Economic and Business Development where it was passed to the House floor; however, the bill was postponed indefinitely during second reading. In 2011 after Senator Kopp’s resignation, Senator <mask> was elected to serve as the Minority Leader by the Colorado Senate Republican Caucus. 2012 legislative session
During the 2012 session, one of the several bills Cadman sponsored was a bill urging state agencies to seek Colorado-specific solutions "in lieu of federal regulations whenever possible". HB 12-1175 would have focused on finding solutions to local problems on a local level, instead of applying a "one-size fits all" idea from federal solutions, giving state’s more control. The legislation passed through the House before being assigned to the Senate Health and Human Services committee, where it was postponed indefinitely by a party-line 3–5 vote.In 2012, <mask> was re-elected as Minority Leader for the Senate Republican Caucus by his peers. He served on the Legislative Council and the Executive Committee of Legislative Council due to his leadership role. 2012 election
After the redistricting of Colorado’s legislative seats in 2011, Senator <mask> was redrawn into Senate District 12. Therefore, in order for Senator <mask> to be able to run again, Senator Keith King, the current Senator of that district, stepped down and chose not to run for re-election. During the general election, <mask> faced no Democratic opponent; his opponents were Dave Respecki from the Libertarian Party, and James Bristol from the American Constitution Party. Cadman won 68.2% of the vote. 2013 legislative session
Senator <mask> was re-elected as Minority Leader by the Republican Caucus and will continue to serve on the Legislative Council and Executive Committee of Legislative Council as well.References

External links
 Colorado General Assembly Website
 Colorado Senate News

1960 births
Living people
California State University, Fullerton alumni
Colorado Republicans
Colorado state senators
Members of the Colorado House of Representatives
People from Hollywood, Maryland
Politicians from Colorado Springs, Colorado
21st-century American politicians

masks:
Bill Lee Cadman
Cadman
Cadman
Bill Martin
Cadman
Cadman
Cadman
Cadman
Bill Ritter
Cadman
Cadman
Cadman
Cadman
Cadman
Cadman
Cadman


texts:
Chariton of Aphrodisias () was the author of an ancient Greek novel probably titled Callirhoe (based on the subscription in the sole surviving manuscript). However, it is regularly referred to as Chaereas and Callirhoe (which more closely aligns with the title given at the head of the manuscript). Evidence of fragments of the text on papyri suggests that the novel may have been written in the mid 1st century AD, making it the oldest surviving complete ancient prose romance and the only one to make use of apparent historiographical features for background verisimilitude and structure, in conjunction with elements of Greek mythology, as Callirhoë is frequently compared to Aphrodite and Ariadne and Chaereas to numerous heroes, both implicitly and explicitly. As the fiction takes place in the past, and historical figures interact with the plot, Callirhoe may be understood as the first historical novel; it was later imitated by Xenophon of Ephesus and Heliodorus of Emesa, among others. Dating
Nothing is securely known of Chariton beyond what he states in his novel, which introduces him as "Chariton of Aphrodisias, secretary of the rhetor Athenagoras". The name "Chariton", which means "man of graces", has been considered a pseudonym chosen to suit the romantic content of his writing, but both "Chariton" and "Athenagoras" occur as names on inscriptions from Aphrodisias. The latest possible date at which Chariton could have written is attested in papyri that contain fragments of his work, which can be dated paleographically to about AD 200.Analysis of Chariton's language has produced a range of proposals for dating. In the 19th century, before the discovery of the papyri, a date as late as the 6th century AD was proposed on stylistic grounds, while A. D. Papanikolaou argued in 1979 for the second half of the 1st century BC. One study of Chariton's vocabulary favours a date in the late 1st century or early 2nd century AD. Edmund Cueva has argued that Chariton also depended on Plutarch's vita of Theseus for thematic material, or perhaps directly on one of Plutarch's sources, an obscure mythographer, Paion of Amathus. If the source is Plutarch, then a date after the first quarter of the 2nd century is indicated. There is a dismissive reference, however, to a work called Callirhoe in the Satires of Persius, who died in AD 62; if this is Chariton's novel, then a relatively early date would be indicated. Regardless, Chariton probably wrote before the other Greek novelists whose works survive, making either his work or Petronius' Satyricon the earliest extant European novel.Callirhoe
<mask>'s novel exists in only one (somewhat unreliable) manuscript, from the 13th century. It was not published until the 18th century, and remained dismissed until the twentieth. It nevertheless gives insight into the development of ancient prose fiction. Plot outline
The story is set against a historical background of ca 400 BC. In Syracuse, Chaereas falls madly in love with the supernaturally beautiful Callirhoe. She is the daughter of Hermocrates, a hero of the Peloponnesian War and the most important political figure of Syracuse, thus setting the narrative in time and social milieu. Her beauty (kallos) overawes crowds, like an earthly counterpart of Aphrodite's, as noted by Douglas Edwards.They are married, but when her many disappointed suitors successfully conspire to trick Chaereas into thinking she is unfaithful, he kicks her so hard that she falls over as if dead. There is a funeral, and she is shut up in a tomb, but then it turns out she was only in a coma, and wakes up in time to scare the pirates who have opened the tomb to rob it; they recover quickly and take her to sell as a slave in Miletus, where her new master, Dionysius, falls in love with her and marries her, she being afraid to mention that she is already married (and pregnant by Chaereas). As a result, Dionysius believes Callirhoe's son to be his own. Meanwhile, Chaereas has heard she is alive, and has gone looking for her, but is himself captured and enslaved, and yet they both come to the attention of Artaxerxes, the Great King of Persia, who must decide who is her rightful husband, but is thinking about acquiring her for himself. When war erupts, Chaereas successfully storms the Persian stronghold of Tyre on behalf of the Egyptian rebels, and then wins a naval victory against the Persians, after which the original married couple are reunited. Callirhoe writes to Dionysius, telling him to bring up her son and send him to Syracuse when he grows up. Chaereas and Callirhoe return in triumph to Syracuse, where Callirhoe offers prayers to Aphrodite, who has guided the events of the narrative.Historical basis
Several characters from Callirhoe can be identified with figures from history, although their portrayal is not always historically accurate. Hermocrates was a real Syracusan general, and did have a daughter (her name is unknown), who married Dionysius I of Syracuse. This Dionysius was tyrant of Syracuse from 405 to 367 BC and not a resident of Miletus. However, Callirhoe's expectation that her son will return to Syracuse after being brought up as Dionysius' own has been connected to the fact that the historical Dionysius I was succeeded in Syracuse by his son, Dionysius II. The historical daughter of Hermocrates died after a violent attack by soldiers; that Callirhoe merely appears to be dead after being kicked by Chaereas has been seen as a deliberate change allowing Chariton "to resurrect her for adventures abroad". Chariton's Artaxerxes represents Artaxerxes II of Persia. Since Hermocrates died in 407 BC and Artaxerxes did not come to the throne until 404 BC, Chariton is anachronistic in having Hermocrates alive during Artaxerxes' reign.The hero Chaereas is not a historical figure, although his name recalls Chabrias, an Athenian general who fought in an Egyptian revolt against Persia in about 360 BC. His capture of Tyre may be based on that by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Despite the liberties Chariton took with historical fact, he clearly aimed to place his story in a period well before his own lifetime. Tomas Hägg has argued that this choice of setting makes the work an important forerunner of the modern historical novel. Style and influences
There are echoes of Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, and other historical and biographical writers from the ancient world. The most frequent intertexts are the Homeric epics. The novel is told in a linear manner; after a brief first person introduction by Chariton, the narrator uses the third person.Much of the novel is told in direct speech, revealing the importance of oratory and rhetorical display (as in the presentation before the King of Persia) and perhaps as well the influence of New Comedy. Dramatic monologues are also used to reveal the conflicted states of the characters' emotions and fears (what should Callirhoe do, given that she is pregnant and alone?). The novel also has some amusing insights into ancient culture (for instance, the pirates decide to sell Callirhoe in Miletus rather than in the equally wealthy Athens, because they considered Athenians to be litigious busybodies who would ask too many questions). The discovery of five separate fragments of Chariton's novel at Oxyrhynchus and Karanis in Egypt attest to the popularity of Callirhoe. One fragment, carefully written on expensive parchment, suggests that some, at least, of Chariton's public were members of local elites. See also
Other ancient Greek novelists:
 Xenophon of Ephesus, The Ephesian Tale
 Achilles Tatius, Leucippe and Clitophon
 Heliodorus of Emesa, The Aethiopica
 Longus, Daphnis and Chloe

Notes

Further reading

Editions
  The first printed edition. With Latin translation by Johann Jacob Reiske.With a reprint of Reiske's Latin translation. With French translation. With English translation. Reviewed in BMCR

English translations

  With Greek text. Studies

 Helms, J., (1966) Character Portrayal in Chariton (Paris/The Hague:Mouton)

  Reprinted in
  Reprinted in
 James N. O'Sullivan, Xenophon of Ephesus, Berlin-New York 1995, pp. 145–170 (chapter on "Xenophon and Chariton"). Reviewed in BMCR
  Reviewed in BMCR

External links

 Synopsis of the novel
 Tufts University – at the Perseus Project, Hercher's edition of the Greek text

Ancient Greek novelists
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
People from Aphrodisias


texts:
<mask><mask> (August 23, 1962 – May 16, 2016) was an American singer-songwriter of Tejano and country music. He is the winner of one Grammy Award and one Latin Grammy Award. Known to most by the mononym <mask>, he charted more than ten singles on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks charts, in addition to six singles on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts. <mask> was also one of the few Tejano artists to have significant success in both the United States and Mexico, and was called the "Garth Brooks of Tejano". His biggest country hit was the No. 27 "It's Not the End of the World" in late 1995, and his highest-charting single on any chart is "Por Siempre Unidos," which peaked at No. 7 on Latin Pop Airplay in 1996.Along with Selena, <mask> was one of the most prominent artists that helped popularize Tejano music. Early life
<mask><mask> III was born on August 23, 1962, in San Antonio, Texas, to Mexican-American parents, <mask>, Jr. and Maria Hernandez. Growing up on the south side of San Antonio, Navaira found each influence in not only Tejano legends such as Little Joe y la Familia, but also Lone Star country music heroes such as Willie Nelson, Bob Wills, and George Strait. As a student, <mask> graduated from McCollum High School in 1980, received a music scholarship to Texas State University, and majored in music with plans to become a teacher before ultimately deciding to pursue a career as an artist. Musical career
In 1983 at age 21, <mask> began his performing career by singing lead vocals for David Lee Garza y Los Musicales. In 1987, Cuantas Veces by David Lee Garza Y Los Musicales beat out Alpha by Mexican American singer Selena for Album of the Year at the Tejano Music Awards. In 1989, <mask> formed his own band, Emilio y Grupo Rio.That same year <mask> signed with Columbia Records (then known as CBS Records). This relationship resulted in <mask> recording more than fifteen studio albums to date, including several with his Rio Band. By the mid 1990s, <mask> began crediting himself solely as <mask>, eventually switching his focus to country music. Between 1989 and 1996, <mask> had released seven Spanish albums with cumulative sales of about 2 million. This success lead to mainstream commercial exposure, with companies such as Coca-Cola and Wrangler Jeans using his songs in their advertisements in the 1990s. <mask> had also gained a sponsorship with Miller Lite beer, who had persuaded him to use their slogan at the time, "Life is good," as the title of his first country album. <mask> signed with Capitol Records and released his first country music single called "It's Not the End of the World" which reached the Top 30 on the country charts in 1995.His album was a surprise success as well reaching No. 13 on the country charts and also a high placing on the Top 200. Several more singles including a Spanish version of "It's Not the End of the World" followed but none of these singles came close to the Top 40 except "Even If I Tried" which reached No. 41 in 1996. In 1997, he released a second country album, "It's on the House" but it was not as successful as his first country album. Two more minor country singles followed and gradually <mask> faded from country music and increasingly came back to Tejano music. His 2002 album Acuérdate won the Grammy Award for Best Tejano Album and his 2007 album De Nuevo won the Latin Grammy Award for Best Tejano Album.Personal life
<mask> has five children. His three children from his first marriage to <mask> also perform for Grupo Rio. <mask> IV plays drums, and <mask> plays guitar and daughter Emely. <mask> and Diego also had a band named Ready Revolution; in 2014 they formed The Last Bandoleros, a Tex-Mex-foursome that toured with Sting in 2017. Diego is mainly known for vocals and credited with being on The Voice, which he did not win. He also has two children from his second marriage to Maru <mask>,

Navaira has two siblings: Raul "Raulito" <mask>, who performs back-up vocals for Grupo Rio; and Yvette <mask>. Navaira was a Republican.Driving accidents
<mask> was hospitalized in critical condition after his tour bus crashed early in the morning on March 23, 2008, in Bellaire (a small municipality partially surrounded by Houston, Texas). Navaira had performed the previous night at Hallabaloos, a Houston nightclub and he was at the wheel of the tour bus as it traveled north along west 610 Loop near the Southwest Freeway when it crashed into a set of freeway barrels shortly before 4 am. <mask> was taken by Life Flight to Memorial Hermann Hospital where a blood clot in his head was removed; <mask>'s initial treatment included being kept in a medically induced coma and induced hypothermia to minimize brain swelling. Doctors cautioned that he might not survive. On September 24, 2008, <mask> was involved in another car accident in San Antonio as a passenger while his wife was driving. According to a witness, the Navairas were stopped in a turn lane when a truck crossed at least two lanes of traffic and struck their vehicle. Both <mask> and his wife Maria were released from the hospital the following day.<mask>'s agent, Joe Casias, stated that <mask> and his wife were headed home from a rehabilitation therapy appointment stemming from the March tour bus accident. Death
<mask> was found dead by his wife in his New Braunfels home on May 16, 2016, at 53 <mask> performed his last known concert in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico, on May 11, 2016, as part of a concert celebrating Mother's Day in that city. Reports indicated he suffered a massive heart attack. Authorities said their investigation into the death of <mask> showed that he died of natural causes because of cardiovascular disease, and found no sign of foul play. Discography

Studio albums

ASouthern Exposure also peaked at No. 39 on US Heatseekers. Singles

ACredited to <mask>.B"No Es El Fin del Mundo" is a Spanish-language version of "It's Not the End of the World". C"Por Siempre Unidos" also peaked at No. 7 on Latin Pop Airplay. Guest singles

Music videos

References

1962 births
2016 deaths
American country singer-songwriters
Grammy Award winners
Latin Grammy Award winners
American musicians of Mexican descent
Hispanic and Latino American musicians
Musicians from San Antonio
Musicians from New Braunfels, Texas
Spanish-language singers of the United States
Capitol Records artists
People from New Braunfels, Texas
People from San Antonio
Tejano musicians
Latin music songwriters
Singer-songwriters from Texas
20th-century American singers
21st-century American singers
Country musicians from Texas

masks:
Emilio H
. Navaira III
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio H
. Navaira
Emilio Navaira
Navaira
Emilio
Navaira
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Navaira
Cynthia Navaira
Emilio Navaira
Diego Navaira
Emilio IV
Navaira
Navaira
Navaira
Navaira
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Emilio
Navaira
Emilio Navaira