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<mask> (born 13 February 1994) is a Dutch professional footballer, of Surinamese descent, who plays as a striker for Eerste Divisie club De Graafschap. Club career

Ajax
Born in Amsterdam, Gravenberch began playing football in the youth ranks of local amateur side SV Bijlmer, from where he was recruited to join the Ajax Academy in 2002. Gravenberch helped the Ajax A1 youth squad win the 2011–12 Nike Eredivisie league title. The team finished as runners-up to Inter Milan in the NextGen Series (the Champions League equivalent for under-20 teams) after losing on penalties (5–3) following a 1–1 deadlock after extra time. On 7 June 2012, it was announced that Gravenberch had signed his first professional contract, a three-year deal binding him to the club until 30 June 2015. Gravenberch began his career in the youth teams of Ajax as a striker, but was moved back to play as a defender while playing for Jong Ajax under manager Fred Grim in the 2012–13 Beloften Eredivisie. Jong Ajax were promoted to the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of professional football in the Netherlands, for the 2013–14 season.<mask> made his professional debut in a 2–0 away loss to FC Oss in the Eerste Divisie on 8 August 2013. He was cautioned before being replaced by Sven Nieuwpoort on 46 minutes. NEC (loan)
On 17 January 2014, it was announced that Gravenberch had been sent on loan to NEC until the end of the season. Universitatea Cluj
On 4 September 2014, it was announced that <mask> had signed with Romanian club Universitatea Cluj. The move came after an unsuccessful trial period with Scottish Premiership side Dundee. <mask> Groenendijk, as well as newly appointed manager and former Ajax player George Ogăraru. He made his Liga I debut on 14 September 2014 in an away match against FC Rapid București which ended in a 2–1 loss.FC Dordrecht
On 24 June 2015 it was announced that <mask> had returned to the Netherlands, signing with the recently relegated FC Dordrecht, competing in the Eerste Divisie. Reading
On 25 May 2016 Reading announced the signing of Gravenberch on a three-year contract, the deal was then officially completed when the transfer window opened on 1 July 2016. On 23 August 2016 <mask> made his competitive debut vs MK Dons in the EFL Cup. He made his league debut as a late substitute against Aston Villa on 18 October 2016. In October 2016, <mask> was criticized by Arsenal manager, Arsene Wenger, for a challenge on Lucas Perez, which left the Arsenal striker out for at least 6 weeks. On 4 July 2017, Gravenberch moved to Belgian First Division B club Roeselare for two seasons on loan. However, he was injured throughout his first season with Roesleare.He was released by Reading at the end of the 2018–19 season. Return to the Netherlands
In September 2019, Gravenberch joined Eerste Divisie club TOP Oss. After an unfortunate first half of the season, in which he failed to score and was also utilised as a centre-back, he left the club again. <mask> would play the remainder of the season at his former club Dordrecht. In June 2020, Sparta Rotterdam picked up Gravenberch from Dordrecht one a one-year deal. However, he also failed to succeed there, as he mostly appeared as a substitute. On 30 March 2021, it was announced that his contract would not be extended.In May 2021, <mask> signed a two-year contract with De Graafschap. International career
<mask> has played for the Netherlands at various youth levels. On 6 February 2010, he received his first U-16 cap in a match against Italy at the Albufeira 4 Nations Tournament in Portugal. On 17 September 2010, <mask> made his U-17 debut in another encounter with Italy during the Ursapharm-Vier-Nationen-Turnier in Germany. The following year, he was selected by Albert Stuivenberg to play in the 2012 UEFA European Under-17 Championship, where he helped the Netherlands to their second consecutive title, defeating Germany in the final 5–4 on penalties, after extra time following a 1–1 deadlock. <mask> was also selected for the 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Mexico where he scored his first goal in the second group stage match against North Korea. He appeared in all three group stage matches, of which they managed one victory, a draw and a loss resulting in an early exit from the tournament for the Dutch.On 11 November 2011, Gravenberch made his U-18 debut in a friendly match against Romania. His U-19 debut came in a friendly match against Scotland on 10 September 2012. He was selected by U-19 head coach Wim van Zwam for the 2013 UEFA European Under-19 Championship in Lithuania, appearing in all three group stage matches before being eliminated following one win and two losses. Personal life
<mask>'s younger brother, <mask>, is also a professional footballer. Career statistics

Honours

Club
Ajax A1 (under-19)
 A-Junioren Eredivisie: 2011–12
 NextGen Series Runner-up: 2011–12

Universitatea Cluj
 Cupa României Runner-up: 2014–15

International
Netherlands U-17
 UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship (1): 2011

References

External links
 Voetbal International profile

 Netherlands U19 stats at OnsOranje

1994 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
Netherlands youth international footballers
Association football defenders
Dutch people of Surinamese descent
Footballers from Amsterdam
AFC Ajax players
NEC Nijmegen players
FC Dordrecht players
Reading F.C. players
FC Universitatea Cluj players
K.S.V. Roeselare players
TOP Oss players
Sparta Rotterdam players
De Graafschap players
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players
English Football League players
Liga I players
Belgian First Division B players
Dutch expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Romania
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in Belgium
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in England
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Belgium

masks:
Danzell Orlando Marcelino Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberchns
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Gravenberch
Ryan Gravenberch


type: original

texts:
<mask> (January 7, 1913 – December 29, 2008) was a decorated United States Marine Corps officer who saw action in World War II, Korea and Vietnam. <mask>, considered a visionary by fellow Marines, was the author of First to Fight: An Inside View of the U.S. Marine Corps and the father of the 31st Commandant of the Marine Corps, General Charles C<mask>. Personal life
<mask> was born in Denver, Colorado, to Jewish parents, Bessie (Zall) and <mask>. He later denied Jewish ancestry and claimed to have been raised Episcopalian. He was married to Amy Chandler from 1936 until her death in 2004. The couple had three children. Marine Corps career
<mask> was commissioned a United States Marine Corps second lieutenant upon graduation from the United States Naval Academy on May 31, 1934.Of diminutive stature, to receive his commission <mask> received an exemption; he was nevertheless a keen wrestler while at the Naval Academy, earning the nickname "Brute". His early Marine Corps service included: sea duty aboard USS Arizona, an assignment at the United States Naval Academy; duty with the 6th Marines in San Diego and the 4th Marines in China (1937–39); completion of the Junior School, Quantico, Virginia (1940); and an assignment with the 1st Marine Brigade, FMF, later the 1st Marine Division. While stationed as an observer in Shanghai during the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, Krulak took photographs with a telephoto lens of a ramp-bowed landing boat that the Japanese had been using. Recognizing the potential use of such a craft by the U.S. armed forces, Krulak sent details and photographs back to Washington, but discovered years later that they had been filed away as having come from "some nut out in China". Krulak built a model of the Japanese boat design and discussed the retractable ramp approach with boat builder <mask> who incorporated elements of Krulak's input into the Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel (LCVP) or "Higgins boat", which played critical roles in the Normandy Landings and amphibious assaults in the Pacific. World War II
At the outbreak of World War II, <mask> was a captain serving as aide to General <mask>. Smith, the commanding general, Amphibious Corps, Atlantic Fleet. He volunteered for parachute training and on completion of training, he was ordered to the Pacific area as commander of the 2nd Parachute Battalion, 1st Marine Amphibious Corps.He went into action at Vella Lavella with the New Zealanders. As a lieutenant colonel in the fall of 1943, he earned the Navy Cross and the Purple Heart on Choiseul Island, where his battalion staged a week-long diversionary raid to cover the Bougainville invasion. Later, he joined the newly formed 6th Marine Division and took part in the Okinawa campaign and the surrender of Japanese forces in the China area, earning the Legion of Merit with "V" device for valor and the Bronze Star. The navy PT boat PT-59, captained by John F. Kennedy, helped evacuate Krulak's force from Choiseul at the end of the operation. In response, <mask> promised Kennedy a bottle of whiskey which he delivered almost 20 years later when Kennedy was serving as President of the United States. After the war, <mask> returned to the United States and served as assistant director of the Senior School at Marine Corps Base Quantico, and, later, as regimental commander of the 5th Marines at Camp Pendleton. Korean War
<mask> was serving as assistant chief of staff, G-3, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, when the Korean War erupted, and subsequently served in Korea as chief of staff, 1st Marine Division, earning a second Legion of Merit with Combat "V" and Air Medal.From 1951 to 1955, <mask> served at Headquarters Marine Corps as Secretary of the General Staff, then rejoined Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, as chief of staff. 1956 to 1959
In July 1956, he was promoted to brigadier general and designated assistant commander, 3rd Marine Division on Okinawa. From 1957 to 1959, he served as director, Marine Corps Educational Center, Quantico. He was promoted to major general in November 1959, and the following month assumed command of the Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego. Vietnam War

From 1962 to 1964, <mask> served as special assistant for counter insurgency activities, Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; for which he was presented a third Legion of Merit for exceptional meritorious service by General Maxwell D. Taylor, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. During this period, American military advisors were providing assistance to the South Vietnamese in their war against the Viet Cong. In September 1963, then Major General <mask> and Joseph Mendenhall, a senior Foreign Service officer, led a fact-finding mission to learn about the progress of the war.<mask> said that the situation was very good and supported President Ngo Dinh Diem, while Mendenhall claimed the opposite, leading Kennedy to famously ask the pair if they had visited the same country. In late December 1963, the new president, Lyndon B. Johnson, ordered an interdepartmental group to be headed by <mask> with the purpose of studying OPLAN 34A and selecting from it those targets the United States could hit in North Vietnam with the least amount of risk to its people. This was in keeping with the administration's policy of graduated pressure on the North Vietnamese. On March 1, 1964, <mask> was designated Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, and promoted to lieutenant general. For the next four years, <mask> was responsible for all Fleet Marine Force units in the Pacific, including some 54 trips to the Vietnam theater. Many sources including Coram (2010) report that the Chu Lai base, which commenced in May 1965, was named after <mask>'s own Chinese name. At the beginning of the war, Krulak put forward the "Spreading Inkblot Theory."This promoted a spreading inkblot of small units actions to pacify South Vietnam village by village. When large enemy units were encountered then General Westmoreland's overwhelming firepower should be employed. He also called for intensive bombing of North Vietnam and mining of Haiphong Harbor. <mask>'s plans were eventually rejected as Westmoreland favored hammering the enemy into submission through superior firepower and the Johnson administration feared relentless bombing of the North would provoke Soviet and Chinese intervention. <mask> opposed the establishment of the Khe Sanh Combat Base. <mask> hoped to become the next Commandant of the Marine Corps, but in 1967 Lyndon B. Johnson selected Leonard F. Chapman, Jr.  As a result, <mask> retired on June 1, 1968, receiving a Navy Distinguished Service Medal for his performance during that period. Military historian Robert Coram states that it was <mask>'s comments to President Johnson criticizing the restraints placed on American military operations in Vietnam that resulted in Johnson's selection of Chapman over <mask>.General <mask>'s son Charles C<mask> eventually became the 31st Commandant of the Marine Corps, serving from 1995 to 1999. Medals and decorations
<mask>'s medals and decorations include:

Strategic vehicle advocacy
<mask> was an early advocate of using helicopters as attack platforms. He was also instrumental in the development of Higgins boats, which enabled beach landings of men and material in World War II. Post-military career
After retiring from the Marine Corps, <mask> worked for Copley Newspapers, including serving as president of Copley News Service and vice president of Copley Press. He retired from Copley in 1977, though he continued to contribute to their news service. <mask> also wrote a number of books, including the iconic Marine Corps history First to Fight. <mask> was a personal friend of Ronald Reagan.They wrote each other regularly. In retirement, <mask> was active in community organizations, as well as participating in Marine Corps activities. He served as president and trustee of the Zoological Society of San Diego. His wife, Amy, died in 2004. On December 29, 2008, Lieutenant General <mask> died at age 95 in San Diego, California. He was survived by his three sons – retired Marine Corps Commandant General <mask>, <mask> <mask> (Commander Navy Chaplain Corps), Reverend William <mask> (Colonel USMCR) – four grandchildren, and 10 great-grandchildren. <mask>'s funeral was held on January 8, 2009, in the chapel at MCAS Miramar, with burial at Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery.Honors
In 2004, Lieutenant General <mask> was the recipient of the U.S. Naval Academy's Distinguished Graduate award, which honors alumni who have "provided a lifetime of service to the nation or armed forces, have made significant and distinguished contributions to the nation via their public service and have demonstrated a strong interest in supporting the Navy or Marine Corps and the United States Naval Academy. These individuals are the embodiment of the Naval Academy's mission to provide graduates who will be ready '…to assume the highest responsibilities of command, citizenship and government.'" In 2007, at the Marine Corps Association's first annual banquet, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates recounted the story of <mask>lak Center for Innovation and Creativity (BKCIC) at the Marine Corps University is named after <mask>. Published works

References

Further reading

<mask>, <mask>. (1983). Organization for National Security, Cambridge, Massachusetts: United States Strategic Institute. .
<mask>, <mask>. (1984).First to Fight: An Inside View of the U.S. Marine Corps, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. . This book is on the Chief of Naval Operations' Professional Reading List and the Commandant of the Marine Corps' Reading List. External links

1913 births
2008 deaths
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Writers from Denver
Military personnel from Colorado
Paramarines
United States Marine Corps generals
United States Naval Academy alumni
Burials at Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery
Jewish American military personnel

Recipients of the Air Medal
Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
3 <mask>, <mask>.
Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam)
20th-century American Jews
21st-century American Jews

masks:
Victor Harold Krulak
Krulak
. Krulak
Krulak
Morris Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Andrew Higgins
Krulak
Holland M
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
. Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Charles Krulak
Reverend Victor
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulak
Krulakruru
Victor Krulak
Krulak
Victor H
Krulak
Victor H
Krulak
Victor H


texts:
<mask> (April 14, 1898 – Dec. 1984) was an American mathematician, historian and Associate Professor of Mathematics at the Washington and Lee University and later at the Phillips Exeter Academy, particularly known for his early work on the history of graphical methods. Biography
Funkhouser was born in Dayton, Virginia to <mask> and Maud Irene Snapp. He obtained his AB in mathematics in 1921 from the Washington and Lee University, and his A.M. in mathematics from Columbia University in 1924. In 1937 he also obtained his PhD from Columbia  with the thesis, entitled "Historical development of the graphical representation of statistical data. Funkhouser started his academic career as instructor at the Virginia Military Institute, instructor at Columbia University, and was Associate Professor of Mathematics at the Washington and Lee University. In June 1932 he was appointed instructor in mathematics at the Phillips Exeter Academy. In the 1930s he wrote a series of articles and his thesis on the history of quantitative graphics.This thesis van republished under the same title the same year in the scholarly journal on the history of science Osiris. In 1932 he was elected member of the American Mathematical Society. Funkhouser was married to Louise Thompson and lived with his family in Exeter, New Hampshire, where he died in December 1984. Work

Playfair and his charts, 1935
In the 1935 article "Playfair and his charts" Funkhouser and Walker explained, that the work of William Playfair (1759–1823) was practically forgotten in the second part of the 19th century. Funkhouser quoted the English economist and logician W. Stanley Jevons, who had stated in 1879:
Englishmen lost sight of the fact that William Playfair, who had never been heard of in this generation, produced statistical atlases and statistical curves that ought to be treated by some writer in the same way that Dr. <mask> had treated the method of Dr. Todd. Funkhouser and Walker argued, that Playfair should be recognized as the “man who invented outright the graphic method of representing statistical data.” His Commercial and Political Atlas, published in of 1786 was historically the first book that offered a series of statistical charts.These charts pictured the import and exports of two dozen countries during the whole of the eighteenth century, and some other economical data, such as the progress of the commerce, revenues, expenditure, and debts of England over the same period. A note on a tenth century graph, 1936

In the 1936 article, entitled "A note on a tenth century graph," Funkhouser explained, that one particular 10th century graph could be considered to be the earliest graphical display. In his words:
The graph given here in facsimile is of significance in the history of graphic methods in that it appears to be the oldest extant example of an attempt to represent changeable values graphically which in appearance closely resembles modem practice. The distinguishing feature is the use of a grid as a background for the drawing of the curves. The graph dates from the tenth, possibly eleventh century, and forms a part of a manuscript discovered by Sigmund <mask> in 1877. Furthermore, he explained that the "graph apparently was meant to represent a plot of the inclinations of the planetary orbits as a function of the time. For this purpose the zone of the zodiac was represented on a plane with a horizontal line divided into thirty parts as the time or longitudinal axis."Edward Tufte (1983) recalled, that Funkhouser made a critical note about this early time-series chart, that "the astronomical content is confused and there are difficulties in reconciling the graph and its accompanying text with the actual movements of the planets. Particularly disconcerting is the wavy path ascribed to the sun." Historical development of the graphical representation of statistical data, 1937

Funkhouser's 1937 thesis, entitled "Historical development of the graphical representation of statistical data" is considered to be the first modern overview of the origins and development of statistical graphics. One of the motives to start this work was the growing use of graphic methods in his days, as Funkhouser explained:
There has developed a widespread use of graphs so extensive... that one might say that the graphic method is rapidly becoming a universal language. There are many indications of such a tendency. Statistical graphs appear in all types of periodicals, they are extensively used in advertising, their construction and use are taught in the classroom, experiments have been conducted and others children can understand and read certain types." In his paper Funkhouser highlighted several milestones in the historical development of the graphical representation of statistical data:
 In the historical development as a whole, different stages can be encountered:
 Initiation of the coordinate principle in ancient times
 Drawing of curves on the coordinate background in the Middle Ages
 Application of analytic geometry invented by Rene Descartes in 1637
 Collection of statistical data from observation, and
 Translation of statistical data into graphical expression, which started with William Playfair in 1768
 The first use of coordinates was in Ancient Egypt.And around 140 BC it was established that astronomers and surveyors used coordinate field to locate places on the earth surface by means of longitudes and latitudes. Around 1350 Nicole Oresme developed a prototype of bar chart. Funkhouser commented, that "if a pioneering contemporary had collected some data and presented Oresme with some facts to work on, we might have had statistical graphs four hundred years before Playfair." On the theme of standards and standardisation in graphic presentation, Funkhouser argued that this was nothing new. He explained, that  "the problem is met in trying to classify and standardize graphic forms have been wrestled with for almost a hundred years." Selected publications
Books:
 <mask>, <mask>, and Helen Mary Walker. Playfair and his charts.MacMillan and Company, 1935. H<mask> Funkhouser. Historical development of the graphical representation of statistical data, Thesis (Ph. D.) Columbia University, published by Saint Catherine Press, Bruges, Belgium, 1937. Weeks, Arthur William, and Howard <mask>houser. Plane Trigonometry. D. Van Nostrand Company, 1943; 2nd ed.1953. Arthur W. Weeks and H<mask> Funkhouser. Plane trigonometry, with five-place tables. Princeton, N.J., Van Nostrand, 1953. Articles, a selection:
 <mask>, H. <mask>. "A short account of the history of symmetric functions of roots of equations." American Mathematical Monthly (1930): 357–365.<mask>, H<mask>. "A note on a tenth century graph." Osiris (1936): 260–262. <mask>, H<mask>. "Historical development of the graphical representation of statistical data." Osiris (1937): 269–404. References

1898 births
1984 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
Information visualization experts
Washington and Lee University alumni
Washington and Lee University faculty
Virginia Military Institute faculty
Columbia University alumni
Columbia University faculty
Phillips Exeter Academy faculty
People from Dayton, Virginia
Mathematicians from Virginia

masks:
Howard Gray Funkhouser
Charles Andrew Funkhouser
Guy
Güher
Funkhouser
Howard Gray
. Gray
Gray Funk
. Gray
Funkhouser
Gray
Funkhouser
. Gray
Funkhouser
. Gray


texts:
<mask> (born February 2, 1962) is an American writer, naturalist, and environmental activist. Early life and education
<mask> was born in a small town, Baxley, Georgia, the county seat of Appling County, in the southeast region of the state. She is the daughter of loving parents, Franklin D. and <mask>. She grew up with one sister, Kay, and two brothers, Steve and Dell. <mask>’s family was deeply rooted in the area where she grew up, going back at least six generations. <mask>’s ancestors were listed in the first census in Appling county in 1820 and the town of Baxley was named for an ancestor as well. From 1980 to 1982, she attended North Georgia Collegewhere she found her passion for ecology, which led her to her career.She received a Bachelor of Arts from Florida State University and a Master of Fine Arts from the University of Montana. Career
Ecology of a Cracker Childhood (1999) recounts <mask>'s experiences growing up in a junkyard, the daughter of a poor, white, fundamentalist Christian family. This novel does a thorough job of bringing the reader through the unique intersectionality of her childhood experience. This builds a space of memoir to explore philosophically deep topics she did not start to grasp until later on in her adult life. The juxtaposition between one’s mind in childhood and one’s mind in adulthood is precisely where the meaning of this novel is generated. The reader is able to become a part of her reflections on growing up in an ecologically rich environment amongst no small amount of adversity. <mask> allows the reader a unique view into a space that would not traditionally be considered valuable, but she communicates the essence of her past and in turn the immense importance of non-traditional natural spaces.Contained in abundance within this text is a survey of the ecological web she experienced as a child; including plant species (Longleaf Pine, Cypress Swamp, Wiregrass, Meadow Beauty, Liatris, Greeneyes) and animal species (Flatwood Salamander, Bachman's sparrow, Pine Warbler, Carolina Wren, Red-Cockaded Woodpecker, Eastern Bluebird, Brown-Headed Nuthatch, Yellow Breasted Chat, Red-headed woodpecker, Eastern Kingbird, Common ground dove, Quail, Gopher Tortoises) along with how she fits into this world as part of the human species. This helps to bridge the gap between traditional natural spaces, and the idea that everything (even a junkyard) can be a natural space. The book interweaves family history and memoir with natural history writing—specifically, descriptions of the ecology of the vanishing longleaf pine forests that once blanketed much of the South. The book won the American Book Award, the Southern Book Critics Circle Award and the Southern Environmental Law Center Award for Outstanding Writing on the Southern environment. It also was chosen for the "All Georgia Reading the Same Book" project by the Georgia Center for the Book. In Wild Card Quilt (2003) she relates her experiences moving back home to Georgia with her son after attending graduate school in Montana. Pinhook (2005) tells the story of Pinhook Swamp, the land that connects the Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia and Osceola National Forest in Florida.Drifting into Darien, published in 2011, describes her experiences on and knowledge about the Altamaha River, which runs from middle Georgia to the Atlantic Ocean at Darien. <mask> published a book of poetry, A House of Branches (2010) and has been a contributor to Audubon, Orion and other magazines, as well as a commentator for NPR's Living on Earth. An environmental activist, she has campaigned on behalf of the Altamaha River and the Moody Swamp. She previously taught in the Chatham University Low-Residency Master of Fine Arts Program in Creative Writing. Currently, she is a visiting professor and writer-in-residence at universities and colleges across the country. She lectures nationally on nature, agriculture, seeds, wildness, sustainability, writing, and politics of wholeness. Personal life
She has a son, Silas Ausable, who attended the University of Massachusetts and studied landscape architecture.She lives a simple, sustainable life in southern Georgia on Red Earth Farm with her husband and daughter. She is an organic gardener, tender on farm animals, slow-cook food, and seed saver. She is very active in her local community. Books

 Ecology of a Cracker Childhood, memoir (Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions, 1999). Wild Card Quilt: Taking a Chance on Home, memoir (Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions, 2003). Between Two Rivers: Stories from the Red Hills to the Gulf, (Co-editor, with Susan Cerulean and Laura Newtown) nonfiction (Tallahassee: Heart of the Earth, 2004). Pinhook: Finding Wholeness in a Fragmented Land,, nonfiction (White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing Company, 2005).A House of Branches, poetry (Nicholasville: Wind Publications, 2010). Drifting into Darien: a Personal and Natural History of the Altamaha River, nonfiction (Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 2011). The Seed Underground: A Growing Revolution to Save Food, nonfiction (White River Junction: Chelsea Green Publishing Company, 2012). Red Lanterns: Poems, poetry (Iris Press, 2021). Wild Spectacle: Seeking Wonders in a World beyond Humans, nonfiction (Trinity University Press, 2021). References

Source: Contemporary Authors Online. The Gale Group, 2005.External links
 Milkweed Editions webpage for Ecology of a Cracker Childhood
 Wind Publications webpage for House of Branches
 Georgia Encyclopedia entry for <mask> <mask>
 Whole Terrain link to <mask>'s articles published in Whole Terrain
 <mask> <mask> and Nancy Marshall, "James Holland, Riverkeeper: Environmental Protection Along the Altamaha", Southern Spaces, August 11, 2011. <mask> <mask>, "Sowing The Seed Underground", Southern Spaces, October 23, 2012. 1962 births
Living people
American naturalists
Chatham University faculty
People from Baxley, Georgia
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Women science writers
American Book Award winners
American nature writers
American women non-fiction writers
American women academics
21st-century American women
Organic gardeners

masks:
Janisse Ray
Ray
Lee Ada Branch Ray
Ray
Ray
Ray
Ray
Ray
Janisse
Ray
Ray
Janisse
Ray
Janisse
Ray


texts:
<mask> (born April 12, 1992) is an American football tight end who is a free agent. He lettered in football, basketball and track at Meadowdale High School in Lynnwood, Washington, where he earned All-State honors in football his senior year. He played college football at Oregon State, recording career totals of 104 receptions for 1,109 yards and 10 touchdowns. He finished third in school history in receptions for a tight end and fifth in receiving yards for a tight end. He was named Pac-12 All-Academic second-team his junior season in 2013 and Pac-12 All-Academic first-team his senior season in 2014. Hamlett signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars after going undrafted in the 2015 NFL Draft, and has since been a member of the Philadelphia Eagles, New Orleans Saints, Cleveland Browns, Dallas Cowboys, Arizona Hotshots, and Seattle Dragons. Early years
Hamlett was a three-year letterman in football at Meadowdale High School in Lynnwood, Washington as a tight end.He earned second-team All-WesCo League 3A honors his junior season. He recorded 43 receptions for 648 yards and six touchdowns his senior year, earning second-team All-State, Associated Press Class 3A honorable mention All-State, and first-team All-WesCo League 3A honors. He also played defensive end his senior year, which was his first year playing on the defensive line. Meadowdale High finished with an 11–1 record his senior year; winning the first 11 games before losing in the Class 3A state quarterfinals. He was selected to participate in the 2010 Class 3A/4A East–West All-Star Football Game as part of the West Team but chose not to play in the game. In addition to lining up at the normal tight end spot, Hamlett was also used split out wide at the wide receiver spot while at Meadowdale. He was also a three-year letterman in basketball.He earned second-team All-WesCo South honors his junior year in 2008–09 as Meadowdale won a share of the WesCo South title, won the 3A District 1 title and also finished sixth in the Class 3A state tournament. He was team co-captain his senior year and garnered first-team All-WesCo South accolades after averaging 19 points and 10 rebounds. In the 2010 Class 3A state boys basketball tournament, Hamlett averaged 24 points and 10 rebounds per game and earned first-team All-Tournament honors as Meadowdale High finished in fifth place. The team also finished second in the 3A District 1 tournament and second in the WesCo South. He was named The Herald'''s 2010 All-Area Boys Basketball Player of the Year. He earned two letters in track as well. He graduated from Meadowdale High School in 2010.In the class of 2010, <mask> was rated a two-star football recruit by Rivals.com, Scout.com and ESPN.com. He was also rated the No. 99 tight end in the country by Scout.com, and the No. 50 tight end in the country by ESPN.com. He was also rated both a three-star recruit and the No. 83 tight end in the country on 247Sports.com's composite rating, which takes into account the ratings of all the other major recruiting services in the country. In February 2009,  Scout.com released its 2010 Northwest Fab 50 ranking, which rated the top 50 football players in the Northwest graduating in 2010.<mask> was rated No. 33 and listed as a wide receiver. He committed to Oregon State in February 2010. He also received an offer from Washington State. When <mask> committed to Oregon State in February, the team offered him a grayshirt, which he accepted. In March, it was reported that <mask> was not grayshirting as originally planned and was instead walking-on in 2010 and going on scholarship after the season. However, in August 2010, it was reported he had been given a scholarship.<mask>'s brother, Casey, played football at Western Washington from 2007 to 2008 and at Washington State from 2009 to 2010. College career
Hamlett played as a tight end for the Oregon State Beavers of Oregon State University from 2011 to 2014. In 2010, he was redshirted and shared the offensive scout MVP award with Tyler Anderson. He majored in business management at Oregon State. He played in 11 games in 2011 and earned Pac-12 All-Academic Honorable Mention honors. He appeared in 13 games, starting 7, in 2012. He caught 32 passes for 403 yards and 3 touchdowns.He also earned Pac-12 All-Academic Honorable Mention honors for the second straight year. Hamlett played in 11 games, starting 10, in 2013. He caught 40 passes for 364 yards and 5 touchdowns. He garnered All-Pac-12 Honorable Mention honors and Pac-12 All-Academic second-team honors. He missed two games due to knee problems. He had three minor knee surgeries during and after his junior season: one in October, one after the final regular season game and one after the team's bowl game. In July 2014, he was named to the watchlist for the John Mackey Award, which is given to the best tight end in college football.On October 13, 2014, he was named to the midseason watchlist for the John Mackey Award. He played in 12 games, all starts, in 2014 and totaled 32 receptions for 342 yards and 2 touchdowns. He earned Pac-12 All-Academic first-team honors. He reportedly played his senior season "at about 80 percent" due to knee pain and other issues. Hamlett played in 47 games, with 29 starts, during his college career. He recorded career totals of 104 receptions for 1,109 yards and 10 touchdowns. He was the fifth Oregon State tight end to record at least 1,000 career receiving yards.His 104 receptions were third most in school history for a tight end and his 1,109 receiving yards were fifth most in school history for a tight end. Professional career
In a January 2015 story with The Herald, it was reported that Hamlett was retiring from football due to knee problems. Hamlett said that "after the season I decided it was time to hang it up. I didn’t want to be in pain every day. I felt like it was time to move on and live a normal life." He also said, "I’m sure I’ll wish I was still out there playing." In a story with The Florida Times-Union'' shortly after signing with the Jacksonville Jaguars, Hamlett said, "I just took some time off because I was banged up" and that "I love the game of football, and I wanted to play.The whole [story] kind of got blown out of proportion." He had previously returned to training and began feeling 100 percent in early March. Due to his break, he did not participate in the 2015 NFL Combine or Oregon State's Pro Day. <mask> was rated the 31st best tight end in the 2015 NFL Draft by NFLDraftScout.com. Lance Zierlein of NFL.com projected that he would go undrafted and be a priority free agent. Zierlein stated that Hamlett was "Stiff, with limited athleticism" and that he "must improve his play strength at the point of attack and make his way as a blocking tight end to have a shot". Jacksonville Jaguars
Hamlett was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Jacksonville Jaguars after the 2015 NFL Draft on May 3.He was released by the Jaguars on August 29. He signed with the Jaguars on September 2 and was released by the team on September 4, 2015. Philadelphia Eagles
He was signed to the Philadelphia Eagles' practice squad on September 16, 2015. He was released by the Eagles on September 21, 2015. New Orleans Saints
Hamlett was signed to the New Orleans Saints' practice squad on September 23, 2015. He was released by the team on October 6, 2015. Cleveland Browns

Hamlett was signed to the Cleveland Browns' practice squad on December 8, 2015.He signed a reserve/future contract with the team on January 5, 2016. He was released by the Browns on September 3 and was signed to the team's practice squad on September 4. He was promoted to the active roster on October 4. He made his NFL debut, and first career start, against the New England Patriots on October 9 and recorded one reception, a 17-yard touchdown pass from Charlie Whitehurst. The Browns waived <mask> on October 31. He was re-signed to the practice squad on November 2, 2016. He played in 3 games, starting 2, during the 2016 season and caught 1 pass for a 17-yard touchdown.Dallas Cowboys
<mask> signed a reserve/future contract with the Dallas Cowboys on January 16, 2017. He broke his fibula during a preseason game against the Los Angeles Rams on August 12. The injury was reported as possibly being season-ending. He was waived/injured on August 15, and placed on injured reserve on August 16. He was released on August 24, 2017, after reaching an injury settlement. Arizona Hotshots
In 2018, Hamlett signed with the Arizona Hotshots of the Alliance of American Football. The league ceased operations in April 2019.He appeared in 8 games (one start), making 5 receptions for 40 yards. Seattle Dragons
In October 2019, <mask> was selected by the Seattle Dragons during the 2020 XFL Draft's open phase. In March, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the league announced that it would be cancelling the rest of the season. Playing in all 5 games, he had 4 receptions for 35 yards. He had his contract terminated when the league suspended operations on April 10, 2020. References

External links
Oregon State Beavers bio
College stats

Living people
1992 births
American football tight ends
Oregon State Beavers football players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Philadelphia Eagles players
New Orleans Saints players
Cleveland Browns players
Dallas Cowboys players
Players of American football from Riverside, California
People from Lynnwood, Washington
Arizona Hotshots players
Seattle Dragons players

masks:
Connor Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett
Hamlett


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Field Marshal <mask>, 1st <mask>,  (5 November 1866 – 23 March 1948) was a senior British Army officer who served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS) from 1926 to 1933. He served in the Second Boer War and during the First World War he served briefly on the Western Front but spent most of the war commanding the British forces on the Macedonian front. As CIGS he generally promoted the mechanization of British land forces although limited practical progress was made during his term in office. Army career
Born the son of <mask> and <mask> (née Panton) and educated at MacMillan's School in Aberdeen and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, <mask> was commissioned into the Royal Artillery on 16 September 1885. He was initially posted to a battery at Trimulgherry in India and then joined a battery at Aldershot in 1889 before being posted back to India to a battery at Meerut in 1891. Promoted to captain on 4 July 1895, he joined the garrison artillery in Malta and then took part in the Suakin Expedition in 1896. Next he was appointed battery captain at Hilsea and then attended the Staff College, Camberley in 1897.There he became a friend of his classmate William Robertson. He took part in the Nile Expedition in 1898, seeing action at Omdurman and scoring a direct hit on the Mahdi's tomb with his battery. He served in the Second Boer War in South Africa, where he was appointed Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General on 18 February 1900, and was promoted to major on 1 November 1900. He was mentioned in despatches on 2 April 1901, and awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) in the South Africa Honours list published on 26 June 1902. Following the end of the war in June 1902, <mask> received the brevet rank of lieutenant-colonel on 22 August 1902 (the honour was gazetted in the October 1902 South Africa honours list), and returned to the United Kingdom on the SS Orotava which arrived at Southampton in early September. He was appointed a Deputy-Assistant Quartermaster-General in the intelligence division at Headquarters on 26 January 1903 and then, having been promoted to colonel on 1 November 1905, became a general staff officer at Headquarters North Midland Division (a Territorial Force formation) in April 1908. He joined the general staff at Headquarters 6th Division in Cork in 1909 and, having been appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the King's Birthday Honours 1912, became Brigadier General Royal Artillery for 4th Division at Woolwich on 1 October 1913.First World War

France
At the outbreak of the First World War in July 1914, <mask> was commanding the divisional artillery of 4th Division which formed part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in France. He fought on the Marne and the Aisne. He joined the general staff of III Corps in January 1915 and, having been promoted to major general on 23 February 1915, was mentioned in despatches for his service during the Second Battle of Ypres. He was appointed General Officer Commanding (GOC) 27th Division in July 1915. Salonika

<mask> was appointed to command XVI Corps in Salonika in January 1916 with orders to oppose Bulgarian advances on the Macedonian front. When he succeeded Bryan Mahon as Commander-in-Chief of the British Salonika Army, <mask> became overall Commander-in-Chief of British Troops in Macedonia on 9 May 1916. As late as 3 June 1916 <mask> was ordered by Robertson, now Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS), not to participate in any attack on the Bulgars.He was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of the White Eagle (1st Class, with Swords) by the King of Serbia on 1 July 1916. The British Government accepted the need to maintain a presence in Salonika to keep the French happy, but Robertson, who often communicated by secret letters and "R" telegrams to generals in the field, privately told <mask> that he did not favour offensive operations. <mask> broadly agreed with Robertson that any attempt to attack across the mountains to cut the Nis-Sofia-Constantinople railway was logistically impractical, although he did stress that his forces must either advance or retreat from the malaria-infested Struma Valley and that the Bulgarians might be beaten if pressed hard. On 23 July he was told to " the maximum of Bulgar forces" whilst the Romanians mobilised and attacked, followed by secret messages from Robertson that he should "guard against being committed for any serious action" until it was certain that Romania was coming in. With Bulgaria seeming close to collapse in October and November 1916, <mask> advised Robertson (5 November) that the Germans would do all they could to keep her in the war. The 60th (2/2nd London) Division was sent to Salonika in December. <mask> was promoted to permanent lieutenant general on 1 January 1917.On 3 January 1917 <mask> arrived at the Rome Conference independently of the French General Sarrail. The official French record of the Rome Conference did not even mention <mask> as a participant. As a result of the Conference <mask> was placed under Sarrail's command, with right of appeal to his own government – who overruled him when he protested against Sarrail's movement of a British brigade outside the British zone. This precedent was much discussed in the next few months when David Lloyd <mask>, the Prime Minister, attempted to place the BEF on the Western Front under General Robert Nivelle. <mask> undertook numerous offensives in support of his French and Serbian Allies with limited resources. His attack at Lake Doiran in spring 1917 cost 5,000 dead and seriously wounded, one quarter of all British casualties throughout the entire Salonika Campaign. Another British attack in the Struma Valley was more successful.His troops were constantly suffering from malaria. <mask> was appointed a Grand Officer of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus by the King of Italy on 31 August 1917 and advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 1 January 1918. Although <mask> was repulsed again at Lake Doiran in September 1918, French and Serbian units were successful in defeating the Bulgarian Army at the Battle of Dobro Pole which took place that same month. Bulgaria then signed an armistice. Post-war
In September 1918, <mask> became responsible for the military administration of a vast area around the Black Sea at a time of considerable internal disorder following the Russian Revolution and the start of the Turkish War of Independence. Small British forces had twice occupied Baku on the Caspian, while an entire British division had occupied Batum on the Black Sea, supervising German and Turkish withdrawal. British (including Indian and some Arab) troops were in Persia (partly to protect the oilfields at Abadan) and larger British forces were also deployed in Mesopotamia and Syria.<mask> toured the Caucasus in early 1919 and thought "the country and the inhabitants are equally loathsome" and that British withdrawal "would probably lead to anarchy" but "the world would (not) lose much if the whole of the country cut each other’s throats. They are certainly not worth the life of a single British soldier". At the end of August 1919 the British withdrew from Baku (the small British naval presence was also withdrawn from the Caspian Sea), leaving only 3 battalions at Batum. Lord Curzon, Foreign Secretary, wanted a British presence in the region, although to Curzon's fury (he thought it "abuse of authority") the CIGS Henry Wilson gave <mask> permission to withdraw if he deemed it necessary. After a British garrison at Enzeli (on the Persian Caspian coast) was taken prisoner by Bolshevik forces on 19 May 1920, Lloyd George finally insisted on a withdrawal from Batum early in June 1920. Financial retrenchment forced a British withdrawal from Persia in the spring of 1921. <mask> was appointed Grand Cross (First Class) of the Order of the Redeemer by the King of the Hellenes in October 1918, appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George on 1 January 1919, advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George on 3 June 1919 and given the Greek Military Cross in July 1919.He was also awarded the Grand Cross of the French Legion of Honour in August 1919 and made a Knight of Grace of the Venerable Order of Saint John on 9 April 1920. In March 1920 he occupied Constantinople and took over the administration of the City which was collapsing. Later career and life
Promoted to full general on 26 April 1920, he was appointed Lieutenant of the Tower of London on 15 December 1920 and General Officer Commanding Eastern Command on 1 June 1923. Having been made ADC to the King on 31 July 1923, he became Chief of the Imperial General Staff on 19 February 1926. In that role he supported the publication of the study Mechanised and Armoured Formations (issued in 1929) and generally promoted the mechanization of British land forces although limited practical progress was made during his term in office. Having been advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in the New Year Honours 1927, he was promoted to field marshal on 30 January 1928 before retiring in 1933. On 26 January 1933 he was raised to the peerage as <mask>, of Salonika and of Rubislaw in the County of Aberdeen.He was also a Colonel Commandant of the Royal Artillery from 21 November 1918, Honorary Colonel of the Hampshire Heavy Brigade, RA, from 24 April 1926, Master Gunner, St James's Park from 1929, Constable of The Tower of London from 1933 and Colonel Commandant of the Pioneer Corps from 1940. During the Second World War he was an Air Raid Warden in Westminster. He also wrote a weekly column for the Sunday Chronicle. He died in London on 23 March 1948. Family
In 1905, he married Claire Maitland, daughter of Sir John Nisbet Maitland, 5th Baronet; they had a son and a daughter. Arms

References

Further reading

External links

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1866 births
1948 deaths
Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
British Army personnel of the Mahdist War
British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
British Army generals of World War I
British field marshals
Deputy Lieutenants of Aberdeenshire
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Military personnel from Aberdeen
Royal Artillery officers
Chiefs of the Imperial General Staff
Recipients of the War Cross (Greece)
Constables of the Tower of London
Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
Peers created by <mask> V

masks:
George Francis Milne
Baron Milne
George Milne
Williamina Milne
Milne
Milne
Milne
Milne
Milne
Milne
Milne
Milne
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George
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Baron Milne
George


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<mask> (1886–1983) was an important contributor to the development of easel painting in the 1920s and 1930s. She is also a children's book author who writes predominantly utilizing Native American folklore and themes. Among these books are Blue-Wings-Flying and TayTay's Tales. In writing these children's books, and other works by her like Kaw-eh and Say the Bells of Old Missions: Legends of Old New Mexico Churches that are not necessarily children's books, <mask> is instrumental in documenting Native American folklore and providing authenticity in the telling of it. Overall, she wrote 65 works in 118 publications. These other works included non children's books and periodical articles Native American, Hispanic, and New Mexico subjects. Life and career
<mask> was likely born in 1886, though some people say 1892, in Augusta, South Carolina, to John Turner and <mask> as one of their five children.She went to school at Lucy Cobb Institute in Athens, Ga.. Later, she went to Barnard College in New York City for her teaching degree, and then she went to the Philippine Islands to teach in 1910. During her time there, she met her husband, Jeff David <mask>. Upon returning to the United States, she married John David and then went to live in Pennsylvania in 1913. Her husband's job was at the Carlisle Indian School there. However, it wasn't until 1916 that she first really started to get involved with Native peoples by following her husband to Santa Fe, New Mexico. She was twenty-four at the time. Her fascination with Native American culture quickly started developing as she became involved with the community surrounding the Santa Fe Indian School, which her husband had become the superintendent of.As a result of the Bureau of Indian Affairs prohibiting arts training, she became an art instructor, particularly on that of painting, starting from inside her own home. Some of her students came to include natives from the Hopi tribe, like Fred Kabotie and Otis Polelonema, and those from the Zia Pueblo tribe, like Velino Shije Herrera, and other Native American tribes. Awa Tsireh was also among the students she taught. As an instructor, her contributions in art are seen to help represent the Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas. Her teaching of painting to these students has been described as a seminal event in the development of the Southwest Movement of Native American painting. In 1919, the work of <mask>'s students was displayed at the Museum of New Mexico. As a result of her instruction methods, some people accused her lessons of pushing beliefs of paganism onto students.This was because the works resulting from her instruction reiterated tribal stories and customs of Native Americans. <mask>'s first children's book was published in 1922 called Taytay's Tales. Art from Fred Kabotie and Otis Polelonema, her students, were included in this work. This was the first book illustrated by Native Americans. She often had students or former students illustrate her works for children. Her next children's book was published in 1924, Taytay's Memories. In 1924, a play <mask> wrote, Kaw-eh, was performed by students from Santa Fe Indian School.While she was in Santa Fe, <mask> also took part in many civic and artistic events. In general, she also wrote multiple periodical articles on American Indian, Latin American, and New Mexico historical and cultural topics as well as publishing regularly in the magazine of the Museum of New Mexico, El Palacio. By 1927, <mask> was no longer directly in contact with students as she left for another school with her husband. From about this time till about 1945, she took part in the Santa Fe Indian Detours where she lectured several nights a week at La Fonda Hotel. Her closeness thus continued with Native Americans throughout her life. As a result, she maintained her friendship and encouragement of Indian artists, especially that of Fred Kabotie, who she was especially close to. In 1943 she published her book, Say the Bells of Old Missions: Legends of Old New Mexico Churches, in which <mask> is noted for her documentation of thirty different folktales as presented by Catholic Native Americans of New Mexico.Like all of her works, it is also noticed for its use of illustrations. Unlike her other works, the illustrations in this book are that of photographs while her other works contain significantly more artwork created by hand. It also provides readers with history on New Mexico missions initiated by the Catholic Church. Two years later, 1945, <mask>'s husband, John David, died, resulting in <mask> going back to Georgia. She continued her writing there and took on genealogical research writing until she died in 1983. In 1977, <mask> wrote her final children book, Blue-Wings-Flying. In life, <mask> had three children by the name of David, Ann, and Frances.Postmortem, <mask>'s collection of Native American artwork became most of the work incorporated in the <mask> <mask> Collection of American Indian Art, which contains 199 pieces of art from different Native American artists from various tribes. Represented in it are more than fifty-five Native American artists. Historians note that <mask> and her husband were significant patrons of Pueblo culture. Works
 Taytay's Tales (1922)
 Taytay's Memories (1924)
 Kaw-eh (1924)
 From Desert and Pueblo : Five Authentic Navajo and Tewa Indian Songs (1924)
 Telling Stories to Primitives (1926)
 Swift-Eagle of the Rio Grande (1928)
 Five Little Kachinas (1930)
 Books for Indian Children (1932)
 Pals (1936)
 Two little Hopi (1936)
 Hoppity Bunny's Hop (1939)
 Say the Bells of Old Missions: Legends of Old New Mexico Churches (1943)
 Little-Boy-Dance (1946)
 Toodle's Baby Brother (1946)
 The New Junior Classics : Volume Three ; Myths and Legends (1949)
 Family of the Rev.

masks:
Elizabeth Willis DeHuff
DeHuff
Elizabeth Willis DeHuff
Ann Boyd Wilson Willis
DeHuff
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DeHuff
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Elizabeth Willis
DeHuff
DeHuff


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<mask> (born 28 July 1966) is a Welsh football manager and former Wales international player. Born in Neath, he began his professional career with Swansea City after joining the club from local non-league football at the age of 22. He made his senior debut in 1988 and went on to make over 150 appearances for the club in all competitions before being sold to Notts County in 1993. He also played for Birmingham City, Ipswich Town, Reading, Peterborough United, Cardiff City and Newport County. He was one of the cover athletes of FIFA Soccer 96 alongside Ioan Sabău. He was known for having the longest throw-in in football, being able to regularly throw the ball over 30 metres and once held the world record with a distance of . Early life

As a teenager, <mask> attended Glan Afan Comprehensive School in Port Talbot.After leaving school, he worked for the Forestry Commission and later as a supervisor in a shelving systems factory. <mask>'s brother, Paul, was also a footballer and spent time on trial with Swansea City, Cardiff City, Shrewsbury Town and Hull City. Career

Early career
After playing for local youth side Baglan Boys Club, where his father was manager, <mask> joined Welsh League side Briton Ferry Athletic where he attracted attention from several Football League clubs. He first joined Middlesbrough on trial, playing up front alongside Bernie Slaven for the club's reserve side. However, manager Bruce Rioch was unhappy with <mask>'s hair, describing him as "too scruffy", and told him to cut his hair or to not come back. <mask> decided not to return and travelled back home. He was instead offered a trial at Manchester City and played for the reserve side, again as a forward, before being asked to return at the start of the following season for pre-season training in order for manager Mel Machin to assess him.Swansea City
After returning from Manchester, <mask> was offered a trial with his home town club Swansea City, playing in a reserve fixture against Cardiff City and, in August 1988, he was offered a professional contract by manager Terry Yorath, starting his professional career at the relatively late age of 22. A stress fracture of his leg meant he was forced to wait for his debut, eventually making his first appearance in a 2–0 defeat to Bristol City. He went on to make over 150 appearances at Vetch Field and helped win the Welsh Cup in 1989 and 1991 as well as featuring in the team's European Cup Winners' Cup campaigns, playing against Panathinaikos and AS Monaco. During his time with Swansea, <mask>'s long throw-in ability gained significant attention and he was credited with a Guinness World Record in 1992 after taking part in a long throw competition arranged by the BBC television show Record Breakers held at Wembley Stadium in 1992 against Dave Challinor and Neil Thompson. He recorded a throw distance of 44.6m, a record that stood until the 1996–97 season when it was beaten by Challinor who recorded a throw of 46.3m. Notts County
He was sold to Notts County in July 1993 for a fee of £275,000, where he was part of the side that won the Anglo-Italian Cup during the 1994–95 season. <mask> was featured on the cover of FIFA 96, alongside Brescia Calcio's Ioan Sabău, a photo taken at that game.Birmingham City

Along with Paul Devlin, <mask> was sold to Birmingham City in February 1996. Originally signed by Barry Fry, he spent two years, winning his first cap for Wales on 24 April 1996 in a 2–0 defeat to Switzerland but was forced off after 30 minutes due to injury. In the final year of his contract during the 1997–98 season, <mask> began negotiations over an extension but, after failing to agree terms, was dropped to the reserve side by manager Trevor Francis. He was instead allowed to join Ipswich Town on loan as cover for the injured Bobby Petta and after a month Ipswich manager George Burley attempted to negotiate a permanent deal, which later collapsed. Reading
Soon after, Jason Bowen, a friend of Legg's joined Reading and, thanks to Bowen's praise of the club, he agreed a deal to sign for the Berkshire based side in February 1998. Just several weeks later manager Terry Bullivant was sacked and replaced by Tommy Burns who soon fell out with several players including <mask> and Bowen. Burns ignored the group of players, who later became known as the "gang of five", and refused to let them be a part of the first team, resulting in them taking part in separate training sessions taken charge of by reserve team manager Alan Pardew, who took over from Burns following his dismissal.Pardew later commented that ""I wish they had stayed. <mask> would certainly be in my team now and Jason showed he had a lot of talent." Cardiff City
After a brief spell on loan at Peterborough United, he joined Cardiff City in 1998. <mask> was initially unpopular with fans due to his previous spell with South Wales rivals Swansea City, even being sent death threats, former teammate Winston Faerber had his finger sliced open after opening one of <mask>'s letters which contained a razor blade. However, he eventually became a fan favourite and was awarded the club's player of the season award in the 1999–2000 and 2000–01 seasons. In 1999, <mask>'s wife Lucy noticed a lump on his neck which was later diagnosed as a non-malignant tumour. With the 1999–2000 season coming to an end, <mask> decided to play on for the remainder of the season, the only people aware of his condition at the club being manager Billy Ayre, physio Mike Davenport and club doctor Len Noakes, before having the tumour removed at the Princess of Wales Hospital in Bridgend in May 2000.He left the club in July 2003 after being asked to take a 70% pay cut for the 2003–04 season, stating "It's a big wrench to leave Cardiff, I'm absolutely gutted [...] I think I deserve better than a 70% pay cut". As a result, his final game for Cardiff was in the 2003 Football League Second Division play-off Final, helping the club win promotion to Division One. Peterborough United

Following his departure, <mask> joined Peterborough United as a player-coach, making his debut on the opening day of the season in a 3–4 defeat to Hartlepool United. As assistant manager to Steve Bleasdale at Peterborough United he featured briefly in the TV series Big Ron Manager alongside Ron Atkinson and Barry Fry. In 2004, a second lump appeared in his throat and, after seeing a specialist, he decided to again wait until the end of the season before undergoing surgery to remove it. However, during a match against Oldham Athletic on 22 January 2005 he was hit in the neck by an elbow from Neil Kilkenny. Reacting angrily, <mask> was later sent off for a retaliatory foul on Kilkenny.Feeling pain from his neck for the first time, <mask> booked himself in for the operation in April 2005, making his last appearance for Peterborough on 9 April 2005 in a 1–0 win over Blackpool, a match which would later turn out to be his last match as a professional. He underwent surgery several days later at Queen's Medical Centre in Nottingham. The operation to remove it was successful, although he was forced to undergo a 28 session course of radiation therapy, and <mask> was able to return to football, despite having believed that he would be forced to retire. Return to football
He made his return with Maesteg Park on 1 February 2006 during a 2–0 win over Bettws. After short spells playing for Newport County and Llanelli, <mask> joined Conference North side Hucknall Town. In January 2007, he was appointed manager of Hucknall Town. He remained manager until September 2007, when he resigned following six consecutive defeats at the start of the 2007–2008 season.He returned to play for Llanelli, and was appointed manager of the side in April 2009, replacing Peter Nicholas. At the age of 42, <mask> was part of the Llanelli side that inflicted a shock defeat on Scottish Premier League side Motherwell in the first qualifying round of the Europa League in July 2009. Already a holder of a UEFA A coaching licence, <mask> began studying for his UEFA Pro Licence in June 2010. <mask> returned to football as manager of Bangor City in August 2016 but was sacked from the job three months later. In September 2016 he was appointed under-23 manager at his former club Cardiff City. As part of an academy shake-up, <mask> left his position on 25 November 2019. He returned to Llanelli Town in November 2020 for his second spell as manager before leaving the club in November 2021.Career statistics

Honours
Swansea City
 Welsh Cup winner: 1989, 1991

Notts County
 Anglo-Italian Cup winner: 1995

Cardiff City
 FAW Premier Cup winner: 2002
 Football League Second Division play-off final winner: 2003

Llanelli
 Welsh Premier League winner: 2007–08

Individual
 Welsh Premier League Team of the Year: 2008–09

References

External links
Profile at UpThePosh! The Peterborough United Database
Welsh Premier League Profile for <mask>

1966 births
Living people
People from Neath
Welsh footballers
Wales international footballers
Association football wingers
Association football fullbacks
Swansea City A.F.C. players
Notts County F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Ipswich Town F.C. players
Reading F.C. players
Peterborough United F.C.players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Maesteg Park A.F.C. players
Newport County A.F.C. players
Llanelli Town A.F.C. players
Hucknall Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Welsh football managers
Hucknall Town F.C. managers
Llanelli Town A.F.C.managers
Bangor City F.C. managers
Cymru Premier managers
People educated at Glan Afan Comprehensive School
Cardiff City F.C. non-playing staff

masks:
Andrew Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Andy
Legg
Legg
Legg
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Legg
Legg
Legg
Legg
Andy Legg


texts:
<mask>wi (1942–2020) was an internationally acclaimed Aboriginal Australian artist from Elcho Island (Galiwin'ku), an island off the coast of Northeast Arnhem Land. <mask> was a Yolngu Mala leader and Gälpu clan representative, a clan group of the Dhuwa moiety, as well as a prominent member of the Galiwin'ku Uniting Church. He was best known for his Morning Star poles which have been featured in international exhibitions in London and the United States and for his unique melding of traditional Yolngu beliefs and Christian theology. Life
<mask>wi was born in 1942 (exact date is unknown) on Milingimbi Island where his family had been relocated during World War II. After the war ended, <mask> and his family moved to the newly-established Methodist mission on Elcho Island. By <mask>'s own account, his father Gapuka was the last surviving clan member who possessed knowledge of the inner stories of the Morning Star or Banumbirr tradition. By the late 1950s, the Yolngu peoples settled on Elcho Island felt that their traditional culture was being dismissed by the Methodist missionaries, and, after much debate, some Yolngu leaders decided to share some of their sacred ceremonial objects and designs in order to demonstrate the coherence of their traditional belief system and its compatibility with Christian theology.Some years after this initial movement, Gapuka created a Morning Star pole without human bone or hair (rendering it incomplete and hence not sacred) and presented it as a gift to help the missionaries better understand Yolngu culture. Beginning at a young age, <mask> was taught the inner content carried by the Banumbirr by his father Gapuka. Growing up on a Methodist mission, <mask> was also heavily exposed to the doctrines of Christianity, and regularly attended church. Like his father Gapuka and many other residents of the mission, <mask> saw no incongruence between the Ancestral law and Christian stories, and viewed the two as complimentary. By his own account, <mask> had a breakthrough moment as young boy upon learning that Jesus is likened to the morning star in the Bible, confirming the compatibility of Yolngu and Christian beliefs and the universality of the Banumbirr tradition. He died in 2020. Career
Since inheriting the knowledge of the Banumbirr tradition from his father, <mask> was a prolific producer of Morning Star poles which he sold and exhibited.As a Galpu clan leader, senior ritual specialist, and Morning Star Dancer, <mask> held a particular authority within his community, responsible for teaching portions of the Morning Star tradition to his relatives and preserving the Yolngu culture. In 2011, <mask> was awarded the Wandjuk Marika 3D Memorial Award at the 28th National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Awards. He was a finalist in these prestigious awards eight times (1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2008, 2009 and 2011). In 2015, <mask> received national news coverage when he traveled 3000 kilometers to perform the traditional Lunggurrma dance with his granddaughter Sasha at her year 10 graduation. <mask>'s wife Jane Garrutju said her husband was "very strong in teaching his grandchildren to cling on to their values, to be able to balance Western culture and our culture." In recent years, <mask> had created and exhibited Morning Star poles with his son Trevor Barrarra Gurruwiwi. Banumbirr (Morning Star Poles)
Banumbirr is the Yolngu name for the Morning Star, a subject that appears frequently in Yolngu art of the Dhuwa moiety.According to Yolngu tradition, an old woman conceals the Morning Star in a woven bag during daytime until dawn when the star travels across the sky above Arnhem land, announcing the coming of a new day. The bright light of Banumbirr guided the Djang'kawu Sisters, two ancestral beings who traveled east to west across Arnhem Land, bifurcating the cosmos. The spirits who are said to dance for the Morning Star sing songs that link together the clans who possess and control the knowledge of the Banumbirr tradition. Morning Star poles are created to be used in ceremonial dances and rituals, constructed to move with motions of the performer and reflecting the broader ceremonial score. The Morning Star dance is frequently used in Yolngu funeral ceremonies to guide the spirit toward rest. The Galpu Morning Star poles which Gali created are composed of a long, slender wooden pole featuring clan designs painted in natural ochres. Bark fibre strings with feather tassels are affixed to the wooden pole and hang down, representing the various clans who are custodians of the Banumbirr tradition.The top of the pole is crowned with a tuft of feathers that represent the Morning Star itself. While traditional Banumbirr poles include human bone and hair, the poles that <mask> created for exhibition and sale do not and, hence, are neither complete nor sacred. <mask> reconciled the image of the Morning Star pole with Christian theology by maintaining that the backbone of the pole points towards God while the feathers reflect the Star of David. Although <mask>'s personal faith in Christianity remained invisible in his Morning Star poles and his ritual dancing, <mask> believed that God speaks through the sacred ancestral designs, and states that he feels the spiritual presence of Jesus when creating his Morning Star poles. Collections

Art Gallery of New South Wales
Hood Museum of Art, Dartmouth College
Monash University Museum of Art
Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney
Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory
National Gallery of Australia
National Gallery of Victoria

Significant exhibitions

 1996-2003: The Native Born: Objects and Representations from Ramingining, Arnhem Land. Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney, NSW, 24 April –21 August 1996; Sprengel Museum Hannover, Germany, 8 July–9 September 2001; Palacio de Velázquez, Madrid, Spain, 31 January–31 March 2002; Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil, 30 June–11 August 2002; Asia Society Museum, New York, USA, 9 September 2002 – 5 January 2003; Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei, Taiwan, 17 February–20 April 2003. 2009: Floating Life: Contemporary Aboriginal Fibre Art.Queensland Art Gallery, Brisbane, QLD, 1 August 2009 – 18 October 2009. 2012-2013: Crossing Cultures: The Owen and Wagner Collection of Contemporary Aboriginal Australian Art. Hood Museum of Art, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 15 September 2012 – 10 March 2013; Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, OH, 11 April – 14 July 2013. Further reading

 Burin, Margaret. “Proud Aboriginal Elder Dances with Granddaughter at Graduation.” ABC News, 3 Feb. 2016, www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-12/proud-aboriginal-elder-dances-with-granddaughter-at-graduation/7017686. Lane, Robert Lazarus. “<mask> Yalkarriwuy Gurruwiwi.” <mask> Yalkarriwuy Gurruwiwi - Monash University Museum of Art, Monash University Museum of Art, www.monash.edu/muma/collection/First-languages-of-the-Collection/2018/Gali-Yalkarriwuy-Gurruwiwi.Meyer, Birgit, and Maruška Svašek. Creativity in Transition: Politics and Aesthetics of Cultural Production across the Globe. Berghahn, 2016. Millar, Paul. “An Art Passed from Father to Son Captures Life in Poles (and $25,000).” The Sydney Morning Herald, The Sydney Morning Herald, 5 Nov. 2008, www.smh.com.au/national/an-art-passed-from-father-to-son-captures-life-in-poles-and-25000-20081105-5ijs.html. References

1942 births
Australian Aboriginal artists
Living people
20th-century Australian artists
21st-century Australian artists
Artists from the Northern Territory

masks:
Gali Yalkarriwuy Gurruwi
Gali
Gali Yalkarriwuy Gurruwi
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
Gali
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Gali
Gali


texts:
<mask> (, also spelled Guennadi Timtchenko; born 9 November 1952) is a Russian oligarch and billionaire businessman. He founded and owns the private investment group, Volga Group, which specializes in investments in energy, transport and infrastructure assets. Previously he was a co-owner of Gunvor Group. As of 15 April 2021, <mask> was ranked 96th on the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, with an estimated fortune of US$19.5 Billion and making him the 6th richest person in Russia. He is known for being the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Kontinental Hockey League, and President of the SKA Saint Petersburg ice hockey club. He is a citizen of Russia, Finland and Armenia. He is an honorary consul of Serbia in Saint Petersburg.Early life and education
<mask> was born in Leninakan, Armenian SSR, Soviet Union (now Gyumri, Armenia), in 1952. His father was in the Soviet military and fought alongside Russian Forces in the second world war. He spent 6 years of his childhood (from 1959 to 1965) in the German Democratic Republic (and learnt German) and in the Ukrainian SSR. In 1976, he graduated from the Mechanical Institute of Saint Petersburg, then named Leningrad, as an electrical engineer, according to a 2008 interview with the Wall Street Journal. Career
In 1977, <mask> started to work as an engineer for the Izhorsky plant near Saint Petersburg, which specialized in building power generators. Since he spoke German, he was then moved to the trade department of this state-owned company. From 1982 to 1988, he worked as a senior engineer of the Ministry of Foreign Trade.In 1988, when Russia started to liberalize its economy, he was promoted to Deputy Director of state-owned oil company Kirishineftekhimexport, which had been created in 1987 based on the Kirishi refinery, one of the three largest refineries in the RSFSR. <mask>'s teams set up some first export routes of oil products from the USSR to Western countries and <mask> became one of the leading figures of the Russian oil trading industry. In 1991, <mask> decided to leave Russia and was hired by a Finland-based company, Urals Finland Oy, specializing in importing Russian oil to Europe. He settled in Finland and became a Finnish citizen. While Anatoly Sobchak was in exile, <mask> was the link between Sobchak and Vladimir Putin. In 1995, Urals Finland Oy was renamed International Petroleum Products Oy (IPP), and <mask> became first deputy and then CEO of IPP OY. In 1997, he co-founded the global commodity trading company Gunvor with Swedish businessman Torbjörn Törnqvist.He sold Törnqvist his stake in March 2014, a day before the US sanctions. In 2007, <mask> founded the Volga Group (Volga Resources Group) private investment fund. Volga group holds his Russian and international assets in the energy, transport, infrastructure, financial services and consumer sectors. In March 2014, following the Crimean status referendum, the U.S. Treasury put <mask> on the Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN), a list of individuals sanctioned as “members of the Russian leadership’s inner circle.” The sanctions freeze any assets he holds in the US and ban him from entering the United States. On 22 February 2022, the UK government announced sanctions on <mask> after Russia recognised the independence of the Donetsk and Luhansk people's republics and deployed troops to the republics. On 28 February 2022, in relation to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Union blacklisted <mask> and had all his assets frozen. <mask> is on the list of Russian "oligarchs" named in the CAATSA unclassified report.Gunvor

<mask> was the co-founder (together with Torbjörn Törnqvist) of Gunvor Group, a corporation registered in Cyprus, and operating in trading and logistics related to the international energy market. On 19 March 2014, <mask> sold his stake in Gunvor to the other co-founder, Torbjörn Törnqvist. The sale was made the day before <mask> was included on the United States sanctions list in the wake of the annexing of Crimea by Russia. <mask> said he had sold his stake in anticipation of "potential economic sanctions" and to "ensure with certainty the continued and uninterrupted operations of Gunvor Group". The value of the transaction was not disclosed. Volga Group

In 2007, <mask> founded the Luxembourg-based fund Volga Resources. The fund, which consolidates <mask>'s assets, was renamed in June 2013 as Volga Group and introduced at the Saint Petersburg International Economic Forum.He noted that, for the next few years, his group will focus on the development of infrastructure projects in Russia. The purpose of this fund is "based on direct and indirect investments in value-driven assets in Russia and internationally that produce consistent, long-term returns". The group owns assets in the energy, transportation and infrastructure development, as well as financial services, consumer goods and real estate. Its most notable investments are in gas company Novatek and petrochemical company Sibur. Airfix Aviation
In April 2014, <mask> sold a 49% stake in the Finnish company IPP Oy, which owned 99% of the Finnish aviation company Airfix Aviation. It was a small part of the Volga Group portfolio. <mask> was subject to international sanctions after the 2014 Crimean crisis in April 2014.IPP Oil Products (Cyprus) closely associated with <mask> is under sanctions. Kai Paananen (), a partner of <mask>, is closely associated with both Airfix Aviation and the IPP companies. Volga Group has been listed by the US Dept of Treasury (OFAC - Office of Foreign Assets Control) as a SDN (specially Designated Nationals) in the Ukraine-related sanction lists of 2014. Personal life and citizenship
<mask> is married to Elena. They have three children. , <mask> lives in Moscow, Russia, while his family resides in Switzerland. His daughter Ksenia is married to Gleb Frank, son of Putin's former transport minister Sergei Frank.They married in 2010. In a The Wall Street Journal interview, <mask> said that in 1999 he gave up Russian citizenship and became a Finnish citizen. In 2004, the Helsingin Sanomat wrote that he acquired Finnish citizenship, and that he lived in Geneva at that time. In an October 2012 interview with the Russian edition of Forbes, <mask> said that he had both Russian and Finnish citizenships. In August 2014, <mask> said in an interview with ITAR-TASS that he needed Finnish citizenship to travel in the 1990s, when it was harder to travel on a Russian passport, and that he never concealed having two passports. He said that, over the past fourteen years, he had been paying taxes in Switzerland and, prior to that, in Finland. "I scrupulously transfer to Russia the monies I owe to the Russian budget.In theory, I could have cut down the transfers citing the rule on inadmissibility of dual taxation but I never did this – I realized the proceeds that my monies were going off in wages to Russian doctors, teachers, and the military while I was not going to go bankrupt under any circumstances. I wouldn’t get poor if I shared the budget with others." The US Department of Treasury announcement of individuals under sanctions due to the 2014 Crimean crisis lists him as the citizen of Russia, Finland, and Armenia. Wealth
According to Forbes magazine, <mask> is one of the wealthiest people in Russia and the world:

According to the Russian publication RBC, in 2012 <mask>'s worth was estimated at $24.61bn. In addition to business assets, <mask>, according to media reports, also owns a property in Geneva, Switzerland, which consists of just over 1 ha of land, an internal area of 341m². According to the Land Registry Office of Geneva, the purchase price of the property was SFR 8.4m (at the time of purchase in 2001 – about US$11m). His income, according to the Finnish tax authorities, increased tenfold from 1999 to 2001.In 2001, he declared an income of EUR 4.9m. Because of his high taxes, <mask> moved to Switzerland in 2002. Investigation
In November 2014, The Wall Street Journal reported that the US Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York is examining allegations about transactions in which Gunvor Group bought oil from Russia's OAO Rosneft and sold it to third parties through the US financial system, which could have been illegal. Gunvor released a statement on 6 November denying any crime. Sport business
In July 2013, together with the brothers Arkady Rotenberg and Boris Rotenberg, <mask> established Arena Events Oy, which bought 100% of Helsinki's Hartwall Areena. They also bought a stake in Jokerit, the six-time national champion of the Finnish top-level ice hockey league Liiga. Consequently, Jokerit transferred to the Kontinental Hockey League for the 2014–15 season and they play in the Western Conference in Bobrov division.They also own the large sport hall Hartwall Areena in Helsinki. This is connected to a multi-storey car park, with capacity of 1,421 private vehicles. Public activities and philanthropy
In 1998, <mask> co-founded the Yawara-Neva Judo Club. In 2007, <mask> and the company Surgutex founded the Kluch charitable foundation, which develops professional foster homes in Leningrad, Tambov and Ryazan regions. In 2008, <mask> and <mask> founded the Neva Foundation in Geneva, in order to promote and finance cultural projects in Switzerland and Russia. The foundation has focused on lyrical art and a partnership with the Grand Théâtre de Genève. Renowned Saint Petersburg Philharmonic conductor Yuri Temirkanov has been a trustee.In 2010, <mask> and Elena Timchenko created the Ladoga Foundation. The main activity of the fund has been s providing help for the elderly, as well as the restoration of spiritual and cultural heritage monuments, support for cultural projects and project support in the field of modern medical technology. In September 2013, the Ladoga Foundation was renamed to the Elena and Gennady Timchenko Foundation (or just Timchenko Foundation for short), consolidating all their charitable activities and supporting elderly people, sports, culture and foster families. In 2011, <mask> was elected Chairman of the Economic Council of the Franco-Russian Chamber of Commerce (CCIFR). The same year, he was also appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors and President of SKA Saint Petersburg, the leading ice hockey team. In 2012, he was appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Continental Hockey League (KHL). He serves on the board of trustees of the Jewish Museum and Tolerance Center in Moscow and is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Russian Geographical Society.In 2020 <mask> donated 2,9 billion rubles to help fight the COVID-19 pandemic

Sports and hobbies
<mask> likes to play and watch tennis. Through his formerly-owned Finnish company, IPP, he has sponsored an outdoor tennis tournament in Finland since 2000, the IPP Open. According to unconfirmed reports he funded the Finnish national team in the Davis Cup and has sponsored a number of Russian tennis players. The media has mentioned him sponsoring a sailing team which participates in the international RC44 yachting competition. In April 2011, <mask> replaced Alexander Medvedev as Chairman of the Board of Directors of SKA Saint Petersburg, the Saint Petersburg-based ice hockey club. In May of the same year, under the new management structure of the club, he was appointed as Club President. In July 2012, he replaced Vyacheslav Fetisov as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Continental Hockey League KHL.The Timchenko Foundation promotes the development of the ice hockey and chess among young people. In 2013, he became one of the sponsors and organisers of one of the most important international chess tournaments in the ELO rating – the Alekhine Memorial. Awards
In 2013, he was appointed as a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur for creating a permanent exhibition of Russian art in the Louvre, support for the Russian Museum in Saint Petersburg, and help in organizing the Alekhine Memorial chess tournament. This award prompted Russian political writer Andrey Piontkovsky to write that "awarding a criminal with nickname Gangrene the highest distinction brings shame to the French state". See also
List of Russian billionaires
Russian oligarchs

Notes

References

External links

Biography by Vladimir Pribylovsky (in Russian). Les bonnes affaires de Guennadi Timtchenko

1952 births
Living people
Russian businesspeople
Finnish businesspeople
Russian emigrants to Finland
Russian billionaires
Naturalized citizens of Finland
Russian-speaking Finns
Russian individuals subject to the U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions
People named in the Pandora Papers

masks:
Gennady Nikolayevich Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Gennady
Elena Timchenko
Gennady
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko
Timchenko


texts:
Lavr Georgiyevich Kornilov (, ;  – 13 April 1918) was a Russian military intelligence officer, explorer, and general in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I and the ensuing Russian Civil War. Kornilov was of Siberian Cossack origin. Today he is best remembered for the Kornilov Affair, an unsuccessful endeavor in August/September 1917 that was intended to strengthen Alexander Kerensky's Provisional Government, but which led to Kerensky eventually having Kornilov arrested and charged with attempting a coup d'état, and ultimately undermined Kerensky's rule. Kornilov escaped from jail in November 1917 and subsequently became the military commander of the anti-Bolshevik Volunteer Army which took the charge of anti-Bolshevik opposition in the south of Russia. He and his troops were badly outnumbered in many of their encounters, and he was killed by a shell on 13 April 1918 while laying siege to Ekaterinodar, the capital of the Kuban Soviet Republic. Pre-revolutionary career

One story relates how Kornilov was originally born as a Don Cossack Kalmyk named Lorya Dildinov and adopted in Ust-Kamenogorsk, Russian Turkestan (now Kazakhstan) by the family of his mother's brother, the Russian Cossack Khorunzhiy Georgy Nikolayevich Kornilov, whose wife was of Kazakh origin. But his sister wrote that he had not been adopted, had not been a Don Cossack, and that their mother had Polish and Altai Oirot descent.(Though their language was not a Kalmyk/Mongolian one, but because of their Asian race and their history in the Jungar Oirot (Kalmyk) state, Altai Oirots were called Altai Kalmyks by Russians. They were not Muslims or Kazakhs.) But Boris Shaposhnikov, who served with Pyotr Kornilov, the brother of Lavr, in 1903, mentioned the "Kyrgyz" ancestry of their mother - this name was usually used in reference to Kazakhs in 1903. Kornilov's Siberian Cossack father was a friend of Potanin (1835-1920), a prominent figure in the Siberian autonomy movement. Kornilov entered military school in Omsk in 1885 and went on to study at the Mikhailovsky Artillery School in St. Petersburg in 1889. In August 1892 he was assigned as a lieutenant to the Turkestan Military District, where he led several exploration missions in Eastern Turkestan, Afghanistan and Persia, learned several Central Asian languages, and wrote detailed reports about his observations. Kornilov returned to St. Petersburg to attend the Mykolayiv General Staff Academy and graduated as a captain in 1897.Again refusing a posting at St. Peterburg, he returned to the Turkestan Military District, where he resumed his duties as a military intelligence officer. Among his missions at this post was an attempt at traveling incognito to British India in 1904, though he was quickly discovered and subsequently kept under close surveillance. During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 Kornilov became the Chief of staff of the 1st Infantry Brigade, and was heavily involved in the Battle of Sandepu (January 1905) and the Battle of Mukden (February/March 1905). He was awarded the Order of St. George (4th class) for bravery and promoted to the rank of colonel. Following the end of the war, Kornilov served as military attache in China from 1907 to 1911. He studied the Chinese language, travelled extensively (researching data on the history, traditions and customs of the Chinese, which he intended to use as material for a book about life in contemporary China), and regularly sent detailed reports to the General Staff and Foreign Ministry. Kornilov paid much attention to the prospects of cooperation between Russia and China in the Far East and met with the future president of China, Chiang Kai-shek.In 1910 <mask> was recalled from Beijing but remained in St. Petersburg for only five months before departing for western Mongolia and Kashgar to examine the military situation along China's border with Russia. On 2 February 1911 he became Commander of the 8th Infantry Regiment of Estonia and was later appointed commander of the 9th Siberian Rifle Division, stationed in Vladivostok. In 1914, at the start of World War I, Kornilov was appointed commander of the 48th Infantry Division, which saw combat in Galicia and the Carpathians. In 1915, he was promoted to the rank of major general. During heavy fighting, he was captured by the Austrians in April 1915, when his division became isolated from the rest of the Russian forces. After his capture, Field Marshal Conrad, the commander of the Austro-Hungarian Army, made a point of meeting him in person. As a major general, he was a high-value prisoner of war, but in July 1916 Kornilov managed to escape back to Russia and return to duty.After the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, he was given command of the Petrograd Military District in March 1917. On 8 March, Kornilov placed the Empress Alexandra and her children under house arrest at the Alexander Palace (Nicholas was still held at Stavka), replacing the Tsar's Escort and Combined Regiments of the Imperial Guard with 300 revolutionary troops. But when the Provisional Government declined to give him the authority he sought to deal with indiscipline, he was transferred at his request to command the Russian Eighth Army. His army inflicted a spectacular defeat on the Austrians, taking ten thousand prisoners - Russia's only notable military success in the year 1917 - though after five days, was forced to retreat. On 24 July, he was appointed commander of the southern front. A week later, he replaced Aleksei Brusilov as Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Provisional Government's armed forces. Kornilov Affair

In the mass discontent following the July Days, the Russian populace grew highly skeptical about the Provisional Government's abilities to alleviate the economic distress and social resentment among the lower classes.Pavel Milyukov, the Kadet leader, describes the situation in Russia in late July as, "Chaos in the army, chaos in foreign policy, chaos in industry and chaos in the nationalist questions".Kornilov, appointed commander-in-chief of the Russian army in July 1917, considered the Petrograd Soviet responsible for the breakdown in the military in recent times and believed that the Provisional Government lacked the power and confidence to dissolve the Petrograd Soviet. Following several ambiguous correspondences between Kornilov and Alexander Kerensky, Kornilov commanded an assault on the Petrograd Soviet. Because the Petrograd Soviet was able to quickly gather a powerful army of workers and soldiers in defence of the Revolution, Kornilov's coup was an abysmal failure, and he was placed under arrest. The Kornilov Affair resulted in significantly increased distrust among Russians towards the Provisional Government. Russian Civil War

After the alleged coup collapsed as his troops disintegrated, Kornilov and his fellow conspirators were placed under arrest in the Bykhov jail. On 19 November, a few weeks after the proclamation of Soviet power in Petrograd, they escaped from their confinement (eased by the fact that the jail was guarded by Kornilov's supporters) and made their way to the Don region, which was controlled by the Don Cossacks. Here they linked up with General Mikhail Alekseev.Kornilov became the military commander of the anti-Bolshevik Volunteer Army with Alekseev as the political chief. The Kornilov Shock Detachment of the 8th Army was the most famous and longest-lived volunteer unit in the Russian Imperial Army. It was also the last regiment of the Russian Imperial Army and the first of the Volunteer Army. In late 1917, the Kornilov Shock Regiment, one of the crack units of the Volunteer Army, was named after him, as well as many other autonomous White Army formations, such as the Kuban Cossack Kornilov Horse Regiment. Kornilov's forces became recognizable for their Totenkopf insignia, which appeared on the regiment's flags, pennants, and soldiers' sleeve patches. Even before the Red Army was formed, Lavr Kornilov promised, "the greater the terror, the greater our victories." He vowed that the goals of his forces must be fulfilled even if it was needed "to set fire to half the country and shed the blood of three-quarters of all Russians."In the Don region village of Lezhanka alone, bands of Kornilov's officers killed more than 500 people. On the other hand, Kornilov's adjutant recalled, that the general "loved only the [Russia] itself" and served it for all his life, having no time to think about political systems. The Bolsheviks for him were dangerous traitors, who ruined Russia's unity and had to be stopped. On 24 February 1918, as Rostov and the Don Cossack capital of Novocherkassk fell to the Bolsheviks, Kornilov led the Volunteer Army on the epic 'Ice March' into the empty steppe towards the Kuban. Although badly outnumbered, he escaped destruction from pursuing Bolshevik forces and laid siege to Ekaterinodar,  the capital of the Kuban Soviet Republic, on 10 April. However, in the early morning of 13 April, a Soviet shell landed on his farmhouse headquarters and killed him. He was quietly buried in nearby Gnadau (modern day Dolinovskoe).A few days later, when the Bolsheviks gained control of the village, they unearthed Kornilov's coffin, dragged his corpse to the main square and burnt his remains on the local rubbish dump. Memorials
In 13 April 2013, a monument to the late General was erected in Krasnodar. Commemoration ceremonies take place with local cossacks, along with Cossacks from Don, Stavropol and Taman. Honours and awards
Order of St. Stanislaus, third degree (1901), 2nd degree (1904 and 1906 with swords)
Order of St. Anne, 3rd degree (1903) and 2nd degree (6 December 1909)
Order of St. George, 4th degree (9 August 1905) and 3rd degree (28 April 1915)
Gold Sword for Bravery (9 May 1907)
 Badge of the 1st Kuban (Ice) campaign (3 October 1918), issued posthumously, No.1 out of 3,689

References

Bibliography
Asher, Harvey. "The Kornilov Affair: A Reinterpretation." Russian Review (1970) 29#3 pp: 286-300. in JSTOR
 Grebenkin, I. N. "General L.G. Kornilov: A Rough Sketch for a Character Portrait."Russian Studies in History 56.3 (2017): 188-211. Katkov, George. Russia 1917, the Kornilov Affair: Kerensky and the Break-up of the Russian Army (Longman, 1980)
Mawdsley, Evan. The Russian Civil War (2008)
Moncure, James A. ed. Research Guide to European Historical Biography: 1450-Present (4 vol 1992) 3:1082-90
White, James D. "The Kornilov affair—a study in counter‐revolution," Europe‐Asia Studies (1968) 20#2 pp 187–205. Yang, Ho-Hwan. "Different Ways of Interpreting the Kornilov Affair: A Review of George Katkov's The Kornilov Affair: Kerensky and the Break-up of the Russian Army, London and New York: Longman, 1980" The SNU Journal of Education Research (1993) pp  17–28.online

External links

1870 births
1918 deaths
People from Oskemen
People from Semipalatinsk Oblast
Commanders-in-chief of the Russian Army
Cossacks of the Russian Empire
People of the Russian Civil War
Recipients of the Gold Sword for Bravery
Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 2nd class
Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree
Russian people of Kazakhstani descent
Russian Provisional Government generals
Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
Generals of the Russian Empire
Anti-communists of the Russian Empire
Explorers of the Russian Empire
Russian military personnel killed in action
Russian military personnel of World War I
World War I prisoners of war held by Austria-Hungary
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Kalmyk people
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