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<mask> (November 10, 1939 – January 21, 2016) was an American aerospace engineer, Distinguished Professor, founder and Director Emeritus of the Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research (CCAR) at the University of Colorado Boulder. He is known for his work in satellite navigation and precise orbit determination. He worked on various missions while at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory as well as navigation support for the Apollo program in the late 1960s while at Johnson Space Center. Early life and education
<mask> was born on November 10, 1939 in a farm house in Westhoff, Texas. Son of <mask> and Lydia Olga, he was the eighth of nine children. After age four, he was raised on various farms in Jackson County, Texas. In 1957, <mask> graduated as valedictorian of his class from Industrial High School in Vanderbilt, Texas.His freshman year of college, he attended Texas Lutheran College in Seguin. He then transferred to the University of Texas at Austin, where he completed his bachelor's degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1962. After working for Ling-Temco-Vought Corporation in Dallas, he returned to University of Texas where he completed his doctorate in aerospace engineering in 1968 under the guidance of professor Byron Tapley, with whom he would later write a book on satellite navigation and orbit determination. NASA career
After completing his doctorate, <mask> spent two years as an aerospace technologist at the Manned Spacecraft Center at Johnson Space Center in Houston working on the Apollo program designing lunar orbits and providing navigation support. In 1970, he left JSC to work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. At JPL he worked on the Mariner 9 project as part of the Celestial Mechanics Team and contributed to the gravity field estimation of Mars and overall navigation efforts of the first spacecraft to ever orbit another planet. He was also part of the Viking program which landed two spacecraft on the surface of Mars and presented interesting navigational challenges.While working on both Mariner 9 and Viking, <mask> was part of the optical navigation teams led by Tom Duxbury at JPL. He was the Technical Group Supervisor of the orbit determination group for the Viking Mars orbiters where the team used images of Phobos and Deimos for approach navigation in an operational setting. This was a first in interplanetary navigation. During these missions, the Viking 1 orbiter flew within 80 km of the surface of Phobos and the team was able to determine its mass and density, while the Viking 2 orbiter flew by Deimos within 26 km on October 17, 1977. The results of the Phobos Experiment Team, led by Robert Tolson of the Langley Research Center, were published in Science, 6 January 1978, vol 199. <mask> also worked on orbit determination for Seasat where he served as Geophysical Evaluation Manager for the project. He was in charge of the efforts to demonstrate that the instrument package containing a radar altimeter, windfield scatterometer, synthetic aperture radar, scanning multichannel microwave radiometer, and a visual and infrared radiometer, met all specification for measuring geophysical parameters over the ocean.These included sea surface topography, sea surface temperature, atmospheric water vapor, and ocean surface imaging. This spacecraft flew the first suite of ocean-observing microwave sensors and required orbit determination solution uncertainties below 1 meter in satellite position. The spacecraft failed three months after launch but had returned a huge amount of data on global ocean winds, waves, currents and surface temperature. During this time, he also served as supervisor of the Precision Orbit Determination Group which was responsible for navigating Earth and interplanetary missions. <mask> was instrumental in the design and implementation of the TOPEX/Poseidon oceanographic mission. This joint project between NASA and the French space agency CNES required the most precise orbit determination solutions to date and provided centimeter-level uncertainty in sea level measurements. TOPEX/Poseidon changed our understanding of the oceans and graphically depicted El Niño and La Niña as well as giving us data which allowed mapping of the global currents and circulation patterns for the first time.Walter Munk, one of the world’s foremost oceanographers, would call this mission “the most successful ocean experiment of all time.<mask> would also be involved in the development of the Jason-1 and Jason-2 spacecraft, the successors to TOPEX/Poseidon. During this time, <mask> was bestowed with several NASA awards and medals for his technical and managerial contributions. He left JPL in 1983 to focus on academic research. Academic career and research
In 1983, <mask> returned to the University of Texas at Austin as a senior research scientist at the Center for Space Research where he was engaged in teaching and research. In 1985, he accepted a position as professor of Aerospace Engineering Sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder. While at University of Colorado, he founded the Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research (CCAR), the first research center established in the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences. Its research program emphasizes astrodynamics, space mission design and satellite navigation, GPS technology development and applications, meteorology, oceanography, geodesy, and terrestrial vegetation studies with in situ and remote sensing data.CCAR became internationally known for its contributions to spacecraft guidance, control, navigation, as well as remote sensing of the oceans and atmosphere with radar and lidar. He served as director of the research center for 28 years. He taught graduate courses in statistical orbit determination, orbital mechanics, and interplanetary mission design. During his academic career he would form close and lasting relationships with many of his graduate students. Throughout these years of academic service, he served as Ph.D. advisor to over 40 students. <mask> had continued working on the TOPEX/Poseidon mission, which launched in August 1992 and continued monitoring the Earth’s oceans for thirteen years. Many of his graduate students’ dissertations were based on analysis of data from this mission.<mask> continued working within the aerospace industry as a consultant for institutions and companies, including JPL, Naval Research Laboratory, General Electric, Kaman Sciences Corporation, Langley Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Stanford University and Ball Aerospace. In 2015, <mask> was named Distinguished Professor at the University of Colorado. He continued working until a few days before his death. Published work
<mask> authored well over a hundred peer-reviewed papers as well as a textbook on statistical orbit determination. He served as guest editor for numerous special journal issues devoted to scientific and engineering results from the many missions he worked on, including TOPEX/Poseidon, Seasat and Jason-1. Additionally, <mask> was associate editor of the Journal of Marine Geodesy and astrodynamics editor of the Journal of the Astronautical Sciences. Some of <mask>'s work include:

 Schutz, Bob, Byron Tapley, and <mask>. <mask>.Statistical orbit determination. Academic Press, 2004. Jones, Brandon A. and <mask>. <mask>. Chapter on Satellite Orbit Determination, The Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2010, pp 3085–3100. Guest Editor, Special Issue of the Journal of the Astronautical Sciences. Papers presented at symposium honoring Byron Tapley, Austin, TX, Feb 1, 2008. Personal life
In July 1963, <mask> married Joy Evelyn Judd.They had one son and divorced in 1991. On March 21, 1992, he married Carol Ann Leslie. He was always grateful to Carol for her support and encouragement for all of his graduate students. <mask> was an avid skier, one of his favorite things about living in Colorado. He was also a big fan of the CU Buffs and had season tickets for the CU football team since 1985. In 2008, <mask> was diagnosed with bronchiolitis obliterans, a rare and non-reversible lung disease . He died in Boulder, Colorado on January 21, 2016 from decaying lung conditions and congestive heart failure.He was 76. Named in his honor, the <mask> H. <mask> Honorary Scholarship Fund was started "to support students and research at the Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research and the Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences in the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences at CU Boulder." Awards and honors
 Eight NASA Group Achievement Awards (1970-2004)
 NASA Exceptional Service Medal, Seasat Geophysical Evaluation Management (1980)
 Fellow, American Astronautical Society (1990)
 Fellow, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (1991)
 Research Award, University of Colorado, College of Engineering (1994)
 NASA Public Service Medal, TOPEX/Poseidon Mission Support (1994)
 American Astronautical Society, Dirk Brouwer Award (1998)
 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Mechanics and Control of Flight Award (1999)
 Big 12 Fellowship from the Vice Chancellor's Awards and Grants Advisory Committee (2002)
 Member, National Academy of Engineering (2004)
 American Astronautical Society George H. <mask> Symposium, held May 13–14, 2010
 Distinguished Engineering Alumni Award, University of Colorado, Boulder (2013) ( for service to the Engineering College)
 Distinguished Professor, University of Colorado, Boulder (2015)

References

External links
Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research official web site
In Memoriam - Dr. <mask> H. <mask>
Project Geryon research website

1939 births
2016 deaths
American aerospace engineers

masks:
George Henry Born
George Born
Henry Born
Born
Born
Born
Born
Born
” Born
Born
Born
Born
Born
Born
Born
Born
Born
George H
Born
George H
Born
Born
Born
Born
George
Born
Born
George
Born


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<mask> (1934 – 1 January 2010) (فيصل عثمان بن شملان) (faiṣal bin šamlān) was a Yemeni intellectual, technocrat, political reformist and public figure. He was a Yemeni member of parliament who had held the post of Oil and Mineral Resources Minister in the post-unification government of Yemen. Prior to the reunification of Yemen in 1990, <mask> was the Minister of Infrastructure and Oil in the socialist government of South Yemen. He was the recognized presidential candidate of the Yemeni opposition coalition, a coalition which consists of the Islamist Islah, the Yemen Socialist Party and several smaller parties, in the 2006 presidential election, but was defeated by incumbent president Ali Abdullah Saleh. Early life
Originally from Hadhramaut, <mask> was educated in the elite Ghayl ba-Wazeer School [ġail bā wazīr], which was one of the best schools in Yemen and beyond at the time. He then got a scholarship to Sudan to further his education in Bakht al-Ridha Institute (bakht al-riḍa). From there he went to study Civil Engineering at Kingston University, in London, United Kingdom.<mask>, along with his school mates, played an important role in the history of modern Yemen. As a young activist, he was a mild Islamic nationalist, who, with other intellectuals from Hadhramaut and other parts of Yemen, was a pioneering activist in a moderate Islamic thought movement. But he preserved an independent position at the centre of the political spectrum. Role in South Yemen government
During the war of liberation of occupied South Yemen he was part of a broad coalition of activists who overthrew the Qu'aiti Sultanate in Hadhramaut on 17 September 1967. In the interim period, before independence on 30 November 1967, he was a member of the "Supreme Popular Committee" which was formed by the revolutionaries to run Hadhramaut province. <mask> was charged with the day-to-day running of the province. After independence and the unification of South Yemen by the National Front for the Liberation of South Yemen (NLF), he was the first Minister of Public Works and Transport in the first cabinet of the independent People's Republic of South Yemen (President Qahtan Al-Shaabi's government).<mask> and Mohammad Abdul Qader Bafaqeeh, the Minister of Education, were the only non NLF members of the cabinet. One of the first tasks assigned to them by the NLF government was taking inventory of the palaces of the Sultans of Hadhramaut. <mask> and Bafaqeeh took stock of the palaces; made a record inventory; and preserved and stored every item. In 1969, <mask> was appointed as Executive Chairman of the Public Corporation for Electric Power which he continued to run successfully and efficiently until 1977. In 1977 he was appointed as Managing Director of the Aden Oil Refinery. Taking over from the BP management team, he ran the refinery professionally. From 1971 to 1990 he was a member of Supreme People's Council (the Parliament of People's Democratic Republic of Yemen).Role in post-unification Yemeni government
After the 1990 unity, <mask> was a member of  the Council of Representatives (the parliament of the Republic of Yemen, as the head of the independent block. As the multi-party system was adopted in the new Yemen after unity he founded along with Mr. Omar Tarmoom, Dr. Mohammad A.Q. Bafaqeeh, Dr. Kramah Salyan, and others a new moderate party called the Yemeni Free Forum,  and issued a forum journal. In the 1993 and 1997 parliamentary elections he ran again for parliament and kept his seat, with a 66% vote. During the 1994 crisis he was in the unity camp. On September 29, 1994, the parliament approved a series of amendments to the constitution which, among other things, abolished the presidential council and replaced it with a one-man presidency. Two days later, parliament elected Ali Abdullah Saleh as president for a five-year term.<mask> <mask>, (independent) was a candidate along with three other candidates representing Islah, YSP and Ba'ath parties. He continued a Member of Parliament until 2003, when he resigned in protest to the amendment to the Constitution by which the parliament extended its tenure for a further 2 years, which <mask> deemed an unconstitutional move and resigned on the ground that his 4-year mandate by the people is over. He was appointed as Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources from October 1994, which he accepted on the condition that he would have power to reorganize and reform the Ministry. In  March 1995, he resigned. In June 1995, in a Cabinet reshuffle President Saleh replaced <mask> <mask> with Mohammed Said al-Attar, formerly Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Industry, as Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources, in a move to tie the oil ministry closer to the President's office. In 1998-99, <mask> along with several Yemeni public figures including  Dr. Faraj <mask> (ex Prime Minister, Dr. Abubakar Al-Qirby (Current Foreign Minister), Engineer Mohammed Al-Tayyeb (ex minister, GPC), Mr. Mohammed Abdo Saeed (business man), Dr. Mohammed Al-Afandi (economist, Islah Party), Ahmed Saleh Al-Salami (Yemeni Socialist Party activist), and Abdulaziz Al-Saqqaf (journalist and human rights activist), were working to set up the first Yemeni think tank, under the name of Yemen 21 Forum (Y21F) to help the country's evolution towards democracy, development, harmony and prosperity. The Y21F tasks included providing logistics for non-governmental organizations; addressing national issues and concerns; to co-sponsor  and promote the establishment of the Yemeni Transparency, an anti-corruption NGO;  to help in the ongoing correction and reform efforts; and to publish data and analysis on a periodic basis, and to issue an annual "State of the Nation" report.Presidential bid
On 2 July 2006 the Joint Meeting Parties (JMP) opposition coalition officially announced that <mask> would be the JMP candidate for the presidential election of September 2006. In the election, held on September 20, <mask> received about 22% of the vote according to official results. Death
<mask> died in Aden on 1 January 2010 after a lengthy battle with cancer and having sought treatment abroad. References

External links
Obituary

1934 births
2010 deaths
Alumni of Kingston University
Deaths from cancer in Yemen
Hadhrami people
Yemeni Socialist Party politicians
Government ministers of Yemen

masks:
Faisal Othman Bin Shamlan
Shamlan
Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Faisal
Bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Faisal
Bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan
Bin Ghanim
Bin Shamlan
bin Shamlan
Bin Shamlan


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<mask> (15 May 19027 February 1953) was an Italian Roman Catholic priest and member from the Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions. He studied in Crema and Milan before setting off from Genoa to Naples and then to the Burmese missions via boat. He pledged that he would never return to the Italian mainland and spent the remainder of his life working with the Burmese people in mountain villages despite the great difficulties he faced. Cremonesi was also a prisoner of the Japanese during World War II after the Japanese occupied the nation. The Burmese independence reached in 1948 prompted guerrilla conflict which caused great unrest and destruction to the point that <mask> and other missionaries were forced into exile so as to remain safe. But he reached out to the guerillas and received their permission to return to the village he worked in. It was also there in that village that government forces mistook him for a rebel - or a supporter of the rebels - and shot him dead alongside the village chief and two girls.The beatification process for the late priest opened in 2004 and he became titled as a Servant of God. Pope Francis approved his beatification and it took place in Crema on 19 October 2019. Life

Childhood and education
<mask> was born on 15 May 1902 in Ripalta Guerina in Cremona as the first of seven children to the grocer <mask> and Maria Rosa Scartabellati. His siblings (in order) were:
 Tarcisio (1904−1952)
 Ernesto (1908−1945)
 Giovanni (1909−1966)
 Giuseppe (1911−1980)
 Rodolfo (1914−1987)
 Teresina (1920−December 2002)
He received his baptism on 16 May in the local parish church from Angelo Bassi. One cousin was Amina Uselli and a paternal aunt was the nun Sister Gemma (16 July 1878−3 April 1958). Cremonesi received his Confirmation on 4 October 1908 from the Bishop of Crema Ernesto Fontana and then made his First Communion on 1 April 1909. His father was a devoted Christian who opposed Fascism and it was his mother who oversaw the religious education of the seven children.It was in his childhood at some stage that he read the journal of Thérèse of Lisieux and from that point fostered a deep devotion to her. His brother Ernesto was also a devoted Christian whom the Nazis arrested and jailed in a concentration camp where he would die in 1945 before the European Theatre conflict ended. Cremonesi sent a letter to his parents upon learning this and said that "I am proud to be his brother" and that "Ernesto will be able to do more in paradise than he could have done on earth". His time in school was interrupted due to a severe disease and he was forced to spend most of that time confined to his bed. His frail health since childhood led to people concluding that he would never be able to enter the missions since it would be improbable that he would be cured of his consistent ailments. The desire to enter the missions had been a dream he had for sometime since his late childhood and into his adolescence. But he defied the odds (and the expectation of doctors who thought he would die in a few months) and overcame his disease with Cremonesi attributing his healing to Thérèse of Lisieux.Upon his recuperation he transferred to Milan for education in an institute that the Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions managed to prepare new missionaries on 17 September 1922. He became known for being both impetuous and a gifted writer who published a collection of poems. Ordination and departure
Between October and November 1923 he received the minor orders before being elevated into the subdiaconate on 19 April 1924 and the diaconate on 29 June 1924. The seminarian received his ordination to the priesthood in October 1924 (from the P.I.M.E. bishop Giovanni Menicatti in the San Francesco Saverio church) and then in June 1925 learned that his dream to enter the missions was to take place for he would be sent to the then-Burma. Cremonesi received a special dispensation for his ordination since he had not reached the canonical age required for ordination. Cremonesi celebrated his first Mass on 19 October 1924 in San Michele and on 5 October 1925 received the cross of the missions from the Archbishop of Milan Eugenio Tosi.But before being sent to the missions he was put in charge of teaching the Italian language in the Seminario Minore di San Ilario in Nervi in Genoa. He left Genoa for Naples and set sail from there on 16 October 1925 but before leaving declared he would never return to his homeland despite the insistence of his relatives to return for a visit. His mother did not take well to his desire for the missions but relented to her son's wishes and maintained correspondence with him on a frequent basis. Cremonesi celebrated his last Mass before leaving in Crema in the Santuario della Madonna delle Grazie on 4 October 1925. Apostolate
But his new mission also proved difficult for the enthusiastic Cremonesi who suffered from loneliness for a brief time upon his arrival on 10 November 1925. He worked with the Karen people in an isolated mountain village and often had to travel miles between communities to visit the people. His first assignment was in Yedashé in western Yoma to visit villages and he was successful in the conversion of some of the natives.He was later transferred to Donokù and would remain there until the outbreak of World War II in relative peace. Cremonesi was often exhausted from his extensive trips and he even once contracted malaria. During the 1920s he maintained correspondence with the P.I.M.E. superior Paolo Manna and met with Manna when he visited the Burmese missions on 19 February 1928. The outbreak of World War II saw the British-run Burma enter the conflict to the detriment of Italian missionaries who soon found themselves as enemies due to Benito Mussolini declaring his alliance with the Axis powers. To that end he was moved further north to Moshò to work in the villages. Near the end of the war he was forced to live in the forest where he ate herbs in order to survive.Cremonesi wrote of the trials he endured during the war in a letter dated on 20 February 1946; he refers to his lack of food and clothing (limited to what he had on) and noting that villages were devoid of people with marketplaces being abandoned. In 1941 he avoided Japanese imprisonment in a concentration camp in India after the Japanese occupied the nation. He lived eating herbs cooked in salt and water during this time but was discovered and caught. In the final month of the war a Japanese officer took him and tied him up for the night before allowing him to leave in the morning where he took refuge in the woods. Cremonesi did not understand the reason for his release but attributed it to the intercession of God. Cremonesi fostered a great devotion to Thérèse of Lisieux and to the Sacred Heart. He practiced Eucharistic Adoration each night for one hour before the tabernacle and awoke around 4:00am to celebrate Mass.He returned to Donokù after the war had ended to resume his work. But Burmese independence from the British Empire in 1948 prompted conflict once the Karen people rebelled and started to resort to use guerilla tactics against the new government. This conflict would endure even after Cremonesi's later murder. In August 1950 the rebels attacked the village prompting both Cremonesi and the inhabitants to flee into the forest before he took refuge close o the mission in Taungngu. Cremonesi was saddened that these occurrences had taken place and he referred to his current state as an exile. On 25 March 1952 he was permitted to return to the village where he was able to resume his work after he made contact with the guerillas who allowed him to return to the village. Cremonesi knew of Clemente Vismara and wrote of him in high esteem.Murder
The rebels defeated government soldiers - on 7 February 1953 - which prompted the surviving government forces to flee to the village that Cremonesi was stationed in. But the soldiers soon became convinced upon their entrance that the villagers favored the rebels and were perhaps allies to the rebels. This presented a clear danger to the villagers which prompted Cremonesi to intervene to assure them that there were no rebels nor rebel allies present in the village. This convinced the soldiers who left the village in peace. But the rebels ambushed the soldiers just outside the village which prompted the soldiers to return in anger to seek out Cremonesi believing it had been a set up. The soldiers even perceived his clothing to be alike to that of the rebels. Cremonesi's words went ignored and the soldiers fired their machine guns at him and the village chief who both collapsed to the ground (the village chief died while Cremonesi was still alive after being shot in the chest).Two girls were behind them and were killed in that attack. The villagers fled into the forest during the commotion while the soldiers entered the local church and desecrated it before setting the village ablaze. Once this was done the commander approached the injured Cremonesi and shot him in the face at point-blank range when he realized the priest was still alive. The villagers returned to the remains of their village on 8 February to collect and inter the dead which included Cremonesi (while also washing his remains). But the villagers - before his burial - cut some parts of his beard and bloodied shirt and sent it to P.I.M.E. authorities in Taungngu in an envelope with an inscription: "Relics of the martyr Father Cremonesi to be sent to his parents". On 7 May 1953 a P.I.M.E.priest visited Donokù for the identification of his remains which were exhumed for a solemn funeral and burial in Taungngu. His death was announced in Crema in the diocesan paper "Il nuovo Torrazzo" on 14 February 1953 in a piece entitled "Abbiamo un martire". Beatification
The beatification process opened on 29 March 2004 under Pope John Paul II after the Congregation for the Causes of Saints titled the late priest as a Servant of God and issued an edict that declared "nihil obstat" (no objections to the cause). The general forum for the process (the investigation) was transferred on 4 March 2004 from Taungngu to the Cremona diocese but it was also conducted in the Taunggyi archdiocese. The diocesan process of investigation was opened in 2004 and concluded on 9 June 2004 in the two dioceses with their respective heads (Bishop Dante Lafranconi and Matthias U Shwe) overseeing the process. The C.C.S. issued a decree on 9 February 2007 that made the diocesan investigation valid while historical consultants to the C.C.S.approved Cremonesi's cause on 13 May 2014 after assessing the historical context in which he died. The postulation drafted and submitted the Positio dossier to the C.C.S. in 2015 for evaluation while nine theologians confirmed the cause in their meeting held on 6 February 2018. The C.C.S. cardinal and bishop members met and approved the cause on 5 March 2019. Pope Francis approved the cause on 19 March 2019 which allowed for Cremonesi to be beatified; it was celebrated on 19 October 2019 in Crema with Cardinal Giovanni Angelo Becciu presiding over the celebration on the pope's behalf. It has been confirmed from some officials close to the cause in Cremona that the beatification - if and when approved - would be celebrated in Cremona.It was later elaborated on that there were high hopes that Cremonesi could be beatified in October 2019 when the cause received papal approval. The current postulator for this cause is Francesca Consolini. See also

 Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions
 Clement Vismara
 Paolo Manna
 Mario Vergara

References

External links
 Hagiography Circle
 Italian biography

1902 births
1953 deaths
20th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
20th-century Italian Roman Catholic priests
20th-century venerated Christians
Beatifications by Pope Francis
Deaths by firearm in Myanmar
Italian beatified people
Italian expatriates in Myanmar
Italian people executed abroad
Clergy from the Province of Cremona
People shot dead by law enforcement officers
Roman Catholic missionaries in Myanmar

masks:
Alfredo Cremonesi
Cremonesi
Alfredo Cremonesi
Enrico Cremonesi


texts:
<mask> (April 1, 1905 – December 18, 1992), also known as <mask>, was an American humanitarian who founded the Hale House Center, a home for unwanted children and children who were born addicted to drugs. Early life
<mask> was born April 1, 1905 in Elizabeth City, North Carolina and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. <mask> married shortly after high school and moved to New York City where she studied business administration, cleaned, and worked as a domestic. She was 27 when her husband died. She had three children, Nathan, Lorraine and adopted son Kenneth. In 1938, her husband died from cancer, and <mask> struggled to support her children through the Great Depression. Her rough life made it hard to financially support and care for her three children, consequently she had to find a job.<mask> cleaned houses and continued her job as a janitor, laboring day and night to make ends meet. Eventually she retired from these jobs to spend more time with her children. She stayed home with her children and in order to be as big a part of their lives as possible, <mask> opened her own home daycare, initially keeping the children while their parents worked during the day. The children that she cared for found her home to be such a caring and loving environment they did not want to go home at the end of the day, most began to stay full-time only seeing their mothers on the weekends. She used her home as a day care for other struggling parents which later led her to become a foster parent. In the 1940s, she provided short-term and long-term care for community children in her home. She also found permanent homes for homeless children and taught parents essential parenting skills.<mask> became a foster mother and got a license and took in 7-8 children at a time. By 1947-1968, she had taken care of 40 foster children. Jobs
<mask> was living in Harlem, New York, where she retired from working as a domestic and started her work by beginning to help addicted children in 1969. Although <mask> had originally opened her house as a way of making a living, it eventually led her to find her life calling. She took babies addicted to Heroin into her home, and within months, she was caring for 22 infants. <mask> became known for the work she did and became known as a mother to those who did not have one. At the age of 65 is when <mask> began to take children in who were born addicted to their mother's drug habits during pregnancy.This started in 1969 when <mask>'s biological daughter, Lorraine, brought a mother and child who were addicted to drugs to <mask>'s home. She later got a home license as a "child care facility" in 1970, called the Hale House. A few years later <mask> purchased a larger building, a 5 story home so there could be more space and more room to fit more, and in 1975 she was able to attain a license in child-care. It was officially known as Hale House. After that time, <mask> devoted her life to caring for needy children. She took in children, free of charge, who were addicted to drugs and helped them through their addictive periods. She would raise the children as if they were her own and once they were healthy she would help to find families interested in adoption.She took it upon herself to make sure the families were a correct fit and even in some cases turned families down if she thought they could not provide a good enough home for the child. She eventually helped over 1,000 drug addicted babies and young children who were born addicted to drugs, children born with HIV, and children whose parents had died of AIDS. It was simple, she said; "hold them, rock them, love them and tell them how great they are." Programs
Later her work with kids extended beyond just the care. Many programs were created for children and families to help them more. Some examples are Community-Based Family; which is a program for troubled youngsters; Time-Out-Moms, a program that helps the parents out by having a place for their kids when their parents needed to relax or breathe. They also had Children Help Children, which was a program for juveniles.In addition, the Hale House launched research programs about problems of drug- or alcohol-addicted mothers and their infants to help educate the problems they can face. Families also went to this home that were infected with HIV or AIDS, and also the Hale house established programs for housing, educating, and supporting mothers after detoxification. Death
Shortly before her death in New York City, she kept at least one infant in her own room. She died of complications of a stroke on December 18, 1992 at the age of 87. According to Rev. Dr. James A. Forbes, Jr., Senior Minister at Riverside Church where she and her family were members, "She left instructions that there be no sad funerals." Her funeral took place on December 23 with over 2,000 people in attendance, including Mayor David Dinkins, U.S.Senator Alfonse D'Amato, former Manhattan Borough President Percy Sutton, U.S. Representative Charles Rangel, Adam Clayton Powell IV, Manhattan Borough President Ruth Messinger, the Reverend Al Sharpton, Dr. Calvin O. Butts, Yoko Ono and her son, Sean Lennon. This roster shows the scope of respect this extraordinary woman had gained in the world for her work to positively influence so many children, their families and the entire Harlem community. After her death in 1992, <mask>'s work was continued by her daughter, Dr. <mask>. Unfortunately, the climate at Hale House clearly changed with <mask>'s death, specifically because it was under the control of her daughter. In 2001, the Hale House was under investigation for skirting the law and misuse of money solicited from the public. An interim board found what it called credible evidence that Hale House engaged in transactions involving self-dealing and other conflicts of interest, resulting in the waste of corporate assets and the violation of its legal and contractual obligations. Dr. <mask> was subsequently forced out amid reports of financial mismanagement.She and her husband were arrested, charged with using more than $1 million in donations to make home improvements, lend money to relatives and prop up an off-Broadway flop. Although the younger Dr. <mask> was removed by Hale House, the house continues to operate. The Mother Clara Hale Depot was named in her honor by the MTA in 1993. <mask>'s motivation
<mask>'s father died when she was a baby. This left her mother alone to raise <mask> and her four siblings. Her mother placed a very high importance on parenting and being available to her children during their development. She supported her children through cooking for others and also allowing boarders to stay in their home.It seems that <mask> gained this same love and appreciation for parenting. <mask> claimed that everything she was able to accomplish was due to her mother and the parenting that she witnessed as a child. Harlem was recognized for the amount of citizens living at poverty level, high unemployment rates, and unsanitary living conditions. It was stated in the New York Herald at the time, that it was "…the poorest, the unhealthiest, the unhappiest and the most crowded single large section of New York". Growing up in Harlem, the mid 1900s didn't allow for a promising future. During this time period it was exceptionally hard to receive a good education. In 1962, 96 percent of Harlem's students were African American.Due to the racial issues at the time there were very few teachers who were willing to teach and provide the students with sufficient enough education. According to test scores, by the end junior high level the majority of students were more than two and a half years behind the average New York City student. <mask> recognized the importance that an education provided and also the need for an opportunity to receive one. <mask> also put a great deal of value into her religious upbringing. She was raised as a part of a Baptist church. It can also be suggested that her faith in God and strong moral upbringing had a lot to do with the behavior that she displayed throughout her life. It was stated by <mask> herself that through her childhood she faced many hard times but it was due to her Christian upbringing that she was able to succeed.One major accomplishment in <mask>'s life was being the first in her family to graduate from high school. This was not seen to be a regular occurrence during her time period but due to the morals and ethics that <mask> had learned throughout her time in the church this was something she expected of herself. This advanced education may have also had part to do with the lifestyle that she would come to choose. It gave her an appreciation for ethnic and social class differences. Awards
In 1985, then-President Ronald Reagan honored <mask> as an American hero in his State of the Union Address. In 1986, the Women's International Center gave <mask> the Living Legacy Award which "honor(s) women for their great contributions to humanity. Honorary member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority
 Member of the American Commission on Drug Free Schools
 NAACP Image Award in the 1980s.Candace Award for Humanitarianism, National Coalition of 100 Black Women, 1990. References

Further reading
 Bolden, T. (1998). And Not Afraid to Dare: The Stories of Ten African-American Women. New York: Scholastic Press. Italia, B. (1993). <mask>: A Mother to Those Who Needed One.Minnesota: Abdo & Daughters. Lanker, B. (1989). I Dream a World: Portraits of Black Women Who Changed America. New York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang. Pinkney A., & Woock, R.R. (1970).Poverty and Politics in Harlem. New Haven, Conn.: College & University Press. Schoener, A. (1968). Harlem on My Mind: Cultural Capital of Black America 1900- 1968.'' New York: Random House. External links
 African American Registry
 Hale House Center

1905 births
1992 deaths
American humanitarians
Women humanitarians
20th-century African-American activists
Delta Sigma Theta members
Activists from New York City
People from Elizabeth City, North Carolina
Activists from North Carolina
People from Philadelphia
Activists from Pennsylvania

masks:
Clara McBride Hale
Mother Hale
Clara McBride
Clara
Hale
Hale
Hale
Hale
Hale
Hale
Mother Hale
Hale
Clara Hale
Hale
Hale
Hale
Hale
Lorraine Hale
Mother Hale
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Clara Hale
Hale
Clara Hale


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<mask> (April 2, 1831 – July 12, 1874) was an American lawyer and Union officer who advanced through the ranks to Brevet Brigadier General during the American Civil War. Before the war he practiced law in Saint Louis where he met Ulysses S. Grant. During most of the Civil War he served under General  Grant and was with him at the Battle of Fort Donelson, Battle of Shiloh and the Siege of Vicksburg. <mask> was chosen by General Grant to be a member of his staff, and was one of its original members and the last surviving member. After the war he served as a Treasury agent under presidents Johnson and Grant. He later pursued a political career in New York but was unsuccessful due to opposition from various political rivals. Early life
<mask> was born in Henderson, Kentucky, the son of James and Catherine, his second wife.<mask>'s father was the postmaster of Henderson, Kentucky; his mother was a niece of <mask>, a noted scientist and an educator at Yale University. <mask> lost both his parents when he was a youth, and along with his older sister Elizabeth, went to live with their aunt Mary Lapsley in New Albany, Indiana. In 1847 he graduated from Anderson University in Indiana. Hlllyer studied at Yale University in 1848 and 1849. He studied law at Indiana State University in 1850 and was admitted to the Indiana bar in 1851. <mask> practiced law in New Albany, where he served as the city attorney. From January 4, 1855, to March 5, 1855, <mask> served in the Indiana House of Representatives.<mask> married Anna Rankin of Newark—together they had six children which include twin sons whom he named after Generals Grant and Rawlins. The Hillyer papers include correspondence from 1848 to 1874 and are archived at the University of Virginia. The papers mostly lend themselves to Hillyer's Civil War service. He often wrote to his wife concerning personal matters and other activities, with other correspondence to his friends and acquaintances and to a number of military personnel including Ulysses S. Grant. The <mask> and Grant families were close friends: <mask> and Grant corresponded occasionally while their wives corresponded often. The Hillyer papers also include various military documents, several of <mask>'s speeches, photographs of Hillyer with his family a scrapbook of newspaper and other clippings, and an assortment of miscellaneous items relating to the Civil War. Missouri
In 1855 Hillyer moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and together formed the law firm of McClellan, Hillyer and Moody During this time he met Ulysses S. Grant, who was renting office quarters  from the firm.<mask> also gave support to Grant's efforts to win the  appointment of St. Louis County engineer. He was employed as a real estate agent renting office space from Grant and Harry Boggs. The two men shared office space and often discussed the issues that would eventually led to the Civil War. He also practiced law in St. Louis. Military life

In 1861 <mask> served as a private in the Union army and was present during the capture of Camp Jackson in Missouri on May 10. Thereafter he moved to New York, where he practiced law. Soon after Ulysses Grant was commissioned as brigadier-general and in August 1861 he offered <mask> from his former regiment a place on his staff, with the rank of captain.In a letter to his wife, Grant said of <mask> that he was one of the "cleverest men...anywhere". On October 4, while stationed in Cairo, Illinois, Rawlins by Special Order, appointed <mask> as the Mustering Officer for the district in compliance to Lincoln's call for 75,000 volunteers. At the Battle of Belmont on November 7, 1861, when Grant's horse was shot from under him, <mask> offered Grant his mount and Grant continued to lead. During the retreat to the transports on the river after the battle, Grant had been searching for one of his regiments that was missing, but with the Confederates advancing, Grant sped to the landing and found that the boats' captains had already cast off the mooring lines. Grant wrote in his memoirs: "The captain of the boat that had just pushed out recognized me and ordered the engineer not to start the engine: he then had a plank run out for me. My horse seemed to take in the situation. He put his fore feet over the bank without hesitation or urging, and, with his hind feet well under him, slid down the bank and trotted on board."In February, 1862, while a colonel on General Grant's staff on the final day of the siege of Fort Donelson, <mask> took dictation from Grant and penned Grant's famous words, "No terms except an unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. I propose to move immediately on your works." The entire dispatch was written and carried by <mask> who delivered it in person to Confederate General Buckner, commander of the fort. After the battle Colonel <mask> and Brigadier General Lew Wallace had a falling out over Wallace's report on the battle, which claimed that <mask> and Grant's other aides were not seen on the battlefield by Wallace or any of his aides. <mask> denied the charge and later criticized Wallace claiming his report exaggerated the contributions of Wallace and his division, and accused him of cowardice. Wallace, however, was later exonerated of any such cowardice. In his report of the battle <mask> and other aides were mentioned by General Grant for their gallantry and services during the battle.In April 1862 Governor Hamilton Gamble of Missouri appointed <mask> as aide-de-camp with a promotion to the rank of Colonel of Volunteers on May 3, 1862. In May <mask> was appointed assistant aide-de-camp on the staff of Major General Henry W. Halleck. <mask> was again appointed Provost Marshal General of the Department of the Tennessee on June 24 having jurisdiction over various sections in Mississippi, Tennessee and Kentucky. Serving under General Grant as one of his aides at the Battle of Shiloh, <mask> was dispatched to St. Louis by the General to beseech General Halleck for permission for Grant to attack Johnson's army at Corinth before they were organized. Days later <mask> returned to Grant with disappointing news that Grant's appeal to Halleck had flatly been turned down. On the first day of the battle <mask> had witnessed many green Union troops fleeing, where he later recorded: "We met hundreds of cowardly renegades fleeing to the river and reporting their regiments cut to pieces. We tried in vain to rally and return them to the front".On the third day at Shiloh, by special order of General Grant, <mask> led a brigade and charged the Confederate's position, which helped to change the tide of the battle in favor of the Union troops. When General Grant was criticized by the press for the high casualties at Shiloh, <mask>, in a letter to Grant's father, defended the general, maintaining that this was a falsehood spread by the fleeing green troops. <mask>'s letter, along with a letter from Grant to <mask>, was published in the Cincinnati Commercial soon after. Later <mask> served under Grant during the Tennessee and Vicksburg campaigns. On May 15, 1863, <mask> resigned because of failing health and returned to New York. In March, 1865 he was brevetted brigadier general and in June served as the chairman of the Grand Reunion of the Army of the Tennessee. After the close of the war he was appointed a revenue-agent by President Grant.Later he was nominated as general appraiser in the custom-house in 1874, but his name was withdrawn after much opposition. After Rawlins' premature death, <mask> and several others claimed that it was Rawlins' military insights that were responsible for winning the war. <mask> was the last surviving member of General Grant's original staff. Political life

In 1868 <mask> was appointed a U.S. revenue agent by President Andrew Johnson until the position was abolished by Congress, after which he served as a lawyer for the Commissioners of Immigration. <mask> was nominated in 1871 as a candidate for president of the New York Board of Commissioners, for general appraiser of cargo and goods at the New York Customs House, and for naval officer, but Senator Roscoe Conkling opposed his nomination. Death
In 1874 <mask> died at age 43 in Washington, D.C., from lung congestion. While he was bedridden at the Owen House during the last three weeks of his life President Grant was a daily visitor at his bedside.See also

 List of American Civil War brevet generals (Union)
 List of American Civil War generals (Union)
 List of American Civil War battles

Notes

References

Bibliography

  (pp. 105, 148, 180, 201, 222, 534–535)

External links

 Guide to the Papers of General <mask> <mask> at the Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library
The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant at Mississippi State University Library
 The Camp Jackson Incident

1831 births
1874 deaths
People of Kentucky in the American Civil War
Union Army colonels
People from Henderson, Kentucky
People from New Albany, Indiana
Anderson University (Indiana) alumni
Indiana State University alumni
Yale University alumni
Indiana lawyers
Members of the Indiana House of Representatives
Businesspeople from St. Louis
Lawyers from St. Louis
19th-century American people
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American businesspeople
19th-century American lawyers

masks:
William Sillman Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Benjamin Silliman
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
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Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
Hillyer
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Hillyer
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William Silliman
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<mask>  (born ) is an American former college basketball player and current assistant coach at Indiana University. <mask> is the former head coach of the Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW) Mastodons men's basketball team and was former college assistant coach at Michigan State University for ten years before leaving to become an assistant coach at his alma mater, Indiana University. Playing career
<mask> played basketball and football for Clarkston High School in Clarkston, Michigan. In basketball, he was coached by his father, <mask>. After his senior season in 1998, he was named Mr. Basketball of Michigan over runner-up Antonio Gates, and was also named a McDonald's All-American and Parade All-American. A blue-chip recruit in basketball and also a star quarterback, <mask> was recruited to play both sports in college. He ultimately committed to play basketball for Indiana under head coach Bob Knight.He chose Indiana over Duke, Michigan State, and Michigan, where his father had played baseball and his older brother Dugan had played basketball. <mask> became a vocal supporter of Knight, and nearly transferred from the team to Michigan State following the coach's firing in 2000. <mask> was a starter for Indiana during their 2002 NCAA runner-up campaign. He finished his career with the Hoosiers having scored 736 total points. <mask> also owns Indiana's all-time steals record (180) and earned the Big Ten Defensive Player of the Year award his senior season. One of the more well-known plays of his college career came on a controversial call during the final seconds of a 2002 Sweet Sixteen game against Duke. The Blue Devils were down by four points with enough time remaining for one play when <mask> was called for fouling Jason Williams on a three-point shot.Williams' shot was good, and he was given the opportunity to tie the game with a free throw. Fortunately for <mask>, Williams failed to make the free throw, and the Hoosiers advanced to the Elite Eight by holding on for a 74–73 win. <mask> is often asked about the play and denies committing the foul to this day. The Hoosiers continued their NCAA Tournament run, defeating Kent State and Oklahoma before falling to Maryland in the National Championship game, 64–52. <mask> played one season of professional basketball, in 2002 with the Gary Steelheads of the Continental Basketball Association. During his time as an assistant, he concurrently earned a master's degree in athletic administration. Head coach of IPFW
Fife was named head coach of the IPFW Mastodons basketball team in 2005 at the age of 25, becoming the youngest head coach in NCAA basketball history at the time.In his first season, he led the Mastodons to 10 wins, the most the team had earned in a season since jumping to Division I in 2001. In his fifth season as coach, the 2009–10 Mastodons squad posted their first ever winning record as a Division I basketball team. Upon joining the Summit League in the 2007–08 season, the Mastodons finished no worse than fifth place in conference play under <mask>. Before the 2010–11 season, <mask> had considered assistant coaching jobs at Indiana under Tom Crean and Michigan under John Beilein. He ultimately remained at IPFW, where he coached the team to a program-best 18–12 record. <mask>'s teams at IPFW improved their winning percentage from the previous season in each year that <mask> coached. Assistant at Michigan State
Following the 2010–11 season <mask> was contacted by Purdue basketball head coach Matt Painter to fill the associate head coach position.On April 15, 2011, <mask> withdrew his name from consideration for the Purdue job. <mask> was named assistant coach at Michigan State by Tom Izzo on April 20, 2011. He replaced Mark Montgomery, who was named head coach at Northern Illinois in March 2011. <mask> brought the defensive intensity he possessed as a player to his role as a coach, as the Spartans held opponents below a .400 field-goal percentage from 2011–2015, including ranking second nationally in both 2015–16 (.382) and in 2011–12 (.379), marking the best effort by MSU since 1959. He is also instrumental in MSU's scouting and recruiting efforts. A May 2014 article by Jeff Goodman and Jay Bilas at ESPN.com listed <mask> among the top head coaching candidates in the nation. On March 23, 2017, it was rumored that <mask> was close to accepting the head coaching position at Duquesne, but shortly thereafter it was reported that he had declined the position.His name was also mentioned as a possibility for the vacant head coaching position at his alma mater, Indiana, in both 2017 and 2021. Assistant at Indiana
On April 5, 2021, it was announced that <mask> would be leaving Michigan State to join Mike Woodson's staff at Indiana. Personal life
<mask> is the son of Clarkston High School head coach and former Minnesota Twins pitcher <mask>. He is the younger brother of former Michigan basketball captain Dugan <mask>. Head coaching record

References

1979 births
Living people
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
Basketball coaches from Michigan
Basketball players at the 2002 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Basketball players from Michigan
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball coaches
Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball players
Purdue Fort Wayne Mastodons men's basketball coaches
McDonald's High School All-Americans
Michigan State Spartans men's basketball coaches
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
People from Clarkston, Michigan

masks:
Dane Fife
Fife
Fife
Dan Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Fife
Danny Fife
Fife


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<mask> (March 24, 1945 – May 17, 1974) was an American artist, college trained social worker, and a member of the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA). She is best known for her membership in the SLA, the group that kidnapped heiress Patty Hearst. Early life

On March 24, 1945, <mask> was born in Saint Peter, Minnesota. Her parents, <mask> (1908-2000) and <mask> (1911-1995), worked at Gustavus Adolphus College in Saint Peter, Minnesota from 1938 to 1952. In addition, her father was a minister in the Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Church and later the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Her mother, Lorena (Daeschner<mask>, helped found Gustavus Adolphus College's Art Department and served as the department head. <mask> was the only surviving child of four; two of her siblings died of a kidney disorder, Peter and Nan, and a third, Terry, of congenital heart disease.In 1952, the <mask> family moved to what is now Tanzania in East Africa. George and Lorena <mask> taught in schools and did mission work, while <mask> and Nan played with the native children. In 1954, when <mask> was nine, the family moved back to Saint Peter because of seven-year-old Nan's poor health. While <mask> <mask> attended elementary school in Minnesota, the family moved to Montclair, New Jersey until <mask> was to start high school. After moving back to Minnesota, <mask> went to Washburn High School in Minneapolis where she was involved in many activities. The 1963 Washburn Yearbook states "Candy was a member of Blue Tri, Class Play, Poplars Staff, Quill Club, Forensics, Pep Club, and Hall of Fame". Blue Tri club was an organization that encouraged Christian ideals and put together service projects.In addition, <mask> <mask> was voted class clown in high school. In 1963, she graduated from Washburn High School. College life

<mask> <mask> attended Gustavus Adolphus College in St. Peter, Minnesota. She transferred to the University of Minnesota after her freshman year at Gustavus. <mask> attended special lectures, exhibits, and concerts at the University. On June 10, 1967, <mask> graduated with a humanities degree from the University of Minnesota. Post-college

Following graduation, <mask> moved to Duluth, Minnesota where she was a caseworker for St. Louis County, Minnesota.In early 1968 she was elected to carry the Eugene McCarthy banner, in support of the Eugene McCarthy Presidential Campaign, for the St. Louis County precinct. Even though <mask> enjoyed helping people in her work, she found it difficult to separate her feelings while being a caseworker. For her job in Duluth, Minnesota, <mask> used her musical and poetic talents in an advertising campaign. In June 1968, <mask> returned to Minneapolis, Minnesota and worked as a caseworker for the Hennepin County, Minnesota welfare office. Co-workers and friends of <mask> described her as witty, sympathetic, helpful, and compassionate. Also, she had an outgoing personality and had a passion for literature. At the same time, <mask> frequently talked with family and friends about philosophy and how she was disappointed with the state of welfare.In 1968, <mask> was 23 years old and carefully monitored the political situation in America, including the 1968 Democratic National Convention. She was active in the peace movement and food boycotts, including the Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam. Despite her active participation in urging social change and working as a caseworker, <mask>'s mother says Camilla became dissatisfied with her work. In California

In November 1969, <mask> moved to Topanga, a northern suburb of Los Angeles, California. In March, she moved into Los Angeles proper in west Los Angeles. According to Rachael Hanel, "She lived off her savings, interest income from a trust, money from her parents, and selling her simple, Rubenesque line drawings." Even though <mask> didn't express dissatisfaction at being an artist, she decided to move again.<mask> moved to Berkeley in February 1971. In May 1971, <mask> moved into an apartment complex on Channing Way where she met Patricia Soltysik. Previous to this relationship, <mask> had not lived publicly in a lesbian relationship. Patricia Soltysik was the object of <mask>'s love poem named "Mizmoon". In Berkeley, <mask> continued being politically active. She was one of the activists in the People's Park reoccupation during the summer of 1972. She and Soltysik became involved with the Venceremos prison outreach project, through which they became associates of future Symbionese Liberation Army members Russell Little and Willie Wolfe.In October 1972, <mask> traveled to Europe and stayed with friends while she traveled for three months. Once she returned, she continued being politically active and through her association with Soltysik, Little, and Wolfe became involved in founding the Symbionese Liberation Army. The SLA soon gained notoriety for the murder of Oakland school superintendent Marcus Foster, a bank robbery, and most famously, the kidnapping of heiress Patty Hearst. <mask> was identified from a security camera image as a participant in the April 15, 1974 robbery of the Hibernia Bank in San Francisco during which two civilians were shot. LA shootout

<mask> died in a shootout (May 17, 1974) with police in which five other SLA members were killed. As their hideout burned, <mask> and fellow SLA member Nancy Ling Perry exited from the back door. Police claimed that Perry came out firing a revolver while <mask> was firing an automatic pistol.Police shot them immediately, killing both. Perry was shot twice. One shot hit her right lung, the other shot severed her spine. <mask> was shot once in the forehead. Her body was pulled back into the burning house by SLA member Angela Atwood, who also died. Investigators working for <mask>'s parents claimed that Perry had come walking out of the house intending to surrender. References

External links

Papers Concerning <mask> <mask> Hall are available for research use at the Gustavus Adolphus College and Lutheran Church Archives

1945 births
1974 deaths
University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts alumni
People from St. Peter, Minnesota
Deaths by firearm in California
People shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States
LGBT people from Minnesota
Symbionese Liberation Army
20th-century LGBT people

masks:
Camilla Christine Hall
Camilla Christine Hall
George Fridolph Hall
Lorena Daeschner Hall
) Hall
Camilla Hall
Hall
Hall
Camilla
Camilla
Camilla
Hall
Hall
Hall
Camilla
Hall
Camilla
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Hall
Camilla
Hallilla


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<mask> (born 13 February 1975) is an English media personality, columnist, far-right political commentator, and former businesswoman. She was a contestant on the third series of The Apprentice in 2007; following further appearances in the media, she became a columnist for British national newspapers. <mask> wrote for The Sun in 2013 and the Daily Mails website MailOnline from 2015 to 2017. In 2015, she hosted her own television talk show If <mask> Ruled the World, and appeared on the fifteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother, finishing as runner-up. The following year, she became a presenter for the talk radio station LBC and underwent major brain surgery to treat her epilepsy. In 2021, <mask> joined the UK Independence Party (UKIP). <mask>' social media presence and outspoken views, especially on UK politics, social class, migrants and race, have attracted controversy, criticism, media scrutiny, legal issues, protests and petitions.She has been accused of racism by journalists, advocacy groups and politicians for her comments about migrants. In 2016, Mail Online was forced to pay significant damages to a Muslim family whom <mask> had falsely accused of extremist links. In the 2017 libel case Monroe v Hopkins, <mask> was required to pay damages and legal costs to Jack Monroe after making defamatory remarks on Twitter. Her role at LBC was terminated in May 2017 following her comments on Twitter about the need for a "final solution" — a term used by the Nazis to refer to the Holocaust — after the Manchester Arena bombing; she later altered it to "true solution", describing the earlier version as a "mis-type". <mask> was permanently suspended from Twitter in June 2020 for what the company described as "violations of our hateful conduct policy"; she joined Parler afterwards. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born on 13 February 1975, in Barnstaple, England. Her father was an electrical engineer for the local Electricity Board, and her mother was a bank teller.She has an older sister. She was brought up in Bideford, attended a private convent school from age three to 16, played sports and learned to play the piano and violin. As a child she believed she was "going to be the colonel of the forces. I loved the military. I loved the discipline, the rigour, the big shouty men." She instead studied economics at the University of Exeter, receiving sponsorship from the British Army's Intelligence Corps. She spent weekends with the Officers' Training Corps.She completed her military training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, but suffered an epileptic seizure during the final passing-out ceremony, and as a result was unable to take up her commission. <mask> said she kept her epilepsy secret while attending Sandhurst, as this would have prevented her from being commissioned. Instead, she joined a business consultancy and moved to Manhattan, New York City, before returning to the UK in 2005. In September 2006 she joined the Met Office as a global brand consultant. Career

The Apprentice

In late 2006 <mask> was allowed to take unpaid leave from her Met Office job as part of her probationary period of employment to take part in series three of the reality TV show The Apprentice. In the format used at that time, contestants in The Apprentice competed for a £100,000-a-year job working for the businessman Alan Sugar. <mask> rejected Sugar's offer of a place in the final episode of the programme, citing problems regarding childcare provision for her daughters, and withdrew from the competition at the end of the penultimate task.The episode gained 6.2 million viewers, while the following You're Fired! episode, in which <mask> was interviewed, was watched by 3.1 million. Throughout her time on The Apprentice, <mask> made several critical comments on camera. The comments were directed at her fellow contestants, viewers of television shopping channels, maternity leave, fake tans, and overweight people. Four Weddings and a Funeral and Notting Hill writer Richard Curtis expressed his distaste for <mask>, jokingly vowing to kill her when he accepted his Fellowship award at the 2007 BAFTA awards. When video clips of her comments about other candidates were shown on The Apprentice: You're Fired!, following up on the main programme, <mask> said that they were "quite funny". Michelle Mone, the founder of lingerie company Ultimo and a guest on the panel, criticised <mask>, calling her "exceptionally selfish", said she was not to be trusted, and accused her of giving "businesswomen a bad name".Sugar was criticised over his questioning of <mask> about her childcare arrangements, and accused of violating the Sex Discrimination Act 1975. The incident received substantial media comment. Sugar argued his case in an interview with GMTV host Fiona Phillips, stating that he was aware of the rules. Aftermath
In June 2007, <mask> lost her job at the Met Office, which said she did not meet the required standards to complete her probationary period, and it confirmed that her performance on The Apprentice and confessions about her private life were a factor in her dismissal. <mask> later stated that the media were informed of her dismissal an hour after she was fired. After her appearance on The Apprentice, <mask> signed two deals to sell her story, one with the News of the World newspaper and the other with EMAP, the company behind Heat and Grazia magazines. <mask> said in an interview with BBC Radio Kent that she had great respect for Sugar and that she believed she would have won the programme had she been in the final episode.She also said that the media's attitudes towards her did not affect her but did affect her family. She made a similar claim of hypothetical victory in an interview with Fiona Phillips on the morning of the final Apprentice episode, although Sugar had said that if she had wanted to press on, he would have fired her, whoever she was competing with. <mask> told BBC Radio 1 that she had not yet ruled out a media career but expressed interest in starting a business venture. Media career

After The Apprentice, <mask> appeared in an episode of 8 Out of 10 Cats, and was a guest star on Loose Women and The Friday Night Project. In 2007, she presented a Five Live Report on family life and working mothers for BBC Radio 5 Live and contributed an article on the same subject to BBC Online. In 2007, <mask> joined the series I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! as a replacement for Malcolm McLaren, who dropped out just before the show started.In January 2015, she took part in the Channel 5 reality series Celebrity Big Brother, finishing in second place. <mask> has appeared twice on Question Time, in the programmes of 10 June 2010 and 27 January 2011. She also appeared on the Young Voters' version of Question Time on 20 October 2010. She appeared on an episode of 10 O'Clock Live on 24 April 2013, alongside Theo Paphitis and Owen Jones, to discuss the legacy of the former British prime minister Margaret Thatcher, who had died that month, and to debate tax policies and the division of wealth among British citizens. In 2015, she deliberately gained and lost  over the course of several months, in an attempt to show that obese people can diet successfully. Her progress was carefully documented by a camera crew and then played on a programme called My Fat Story for TLC. TLC claimed an audience figure of 10 million in the UK and US for the programme.Later that year, she began her own chat show, If <mask> Ruled the World, on the digital channel TLC. She said she wanted to bring a new approach to chat and panel shows. The series was cancelled in December, after the first series, owing to low audience ratings. From April 2016 to May 2017, <mask> presented a Sunday morning talk show on LBC, a London-based national talk and phone-in radio station. She had previously worked as a guest presenter for the station. "The snarling facade remained", wrote Fiona Sturges for The Independent in April 2015 after one such broadcast, "but even <mask> knows when to tone down the panto villain act". LBC announced <mask>'s departure on 26 May 2017, 'effective immediately', following her comments on Twitter soon after the Manchester Arena bombing, in which <mask> claimed "we need a final solution".Speaking about her departure a few days later on Fox News, she said a deal had been made with LBC not to speak about it, but suggested it was part of a "silencing" of people with right-wing views. At a Church and Media conference in October 2015, <mask> said she was "pushing back the walls closing in on freedom of speech". Describing herself as "Jesus of the outspoken" during her speech, she said: "I have never apologised for anything I've said. I find it very disappointing when people apologise. You should have the positive moral attitude to stand by what you say". Since appearing on The Apprentice, <mask> has frequently featured in the media for making controversial remarks, being described in The Guardian, HuffPost, and MTV as a "professional troll". She has described herself as a "conduit for truth", declaring "what other people think but are too scared to say"'.In 2019, <mask> presented the documentary Homelands which was about Islam in Europe. Print and online presence
Early in her public career, <mask> wrote a column for Exeter's Express & Echo newspaper, but her articles ceased after an online poll in October 2007 found 84 per cent of readers wanted the feature to end. At the end of October 2013, it emerged that <mask> had joined The Sun as a weekly columnist, with the newspaper promoting her as "Britain's most controversial columnist". In February 2015 <mask> defended her remarks and those of her critics, commenting: "I welcome it because I've had my opinion and it's only right that people have theirs. I welcome the debate and the fact that people are getting involved." In autumn 2015, she left The Sun for the Mail Online website, the online companion to the Daily Mail. The Daily Telegraph contributor Bryony Gordon wrote in April 2015 that media organisations have "a tipping point here, where the marketing men and women don't want to be associated with reality TV's very own Adolf Hitler.But so far that doesn't seem to have happened." The Mail published a front-page article in June 2017 expressing its low opinion of the liberal The Guardian newspaper, which had attacked it for its coverage of the attack on the Finsbury Park mosque
and also referred to <mask>. It "was a lie" to say <mask> wrote for the Daily Mail, it asserted. "The Guardian and its writer know that Ms <mask> has nothing to do with the Daily Mail, but works for Mail Online – a totally separate entity". The Daily Mail newspaper and Mail Online are part of the same group. Her last column for the Mail website was published on 5 October 2017. In a late November 2017 statement from her employers to the Press Gazette, it emerged that <mask>'s Mail contract had not been renewed "by mutual consent".A large number of Tweets from her Twitter account were deleted around the same time. A few days before, a video was posted online of <mask>'s appearance at the David Horowitz Freedom Center in Florida earlier in November 2017. "It's such a pleasure to be amongst people that are prepared to fight for their country" she said, asserting it is "our time". She continued: "We can commit to arm ourselves, not just with the help of the NRA". In her opinion, there is a "Muslim mafia" in certain areas of Britain and "institutionalised discrimination against whites" in the UK as a whole. In January 2018, <mask> joined The Rebel Media, a Canadian far-right website which Tommy Robinson, founder of the far-right English Defence League has also contributed to. In her first column on her own Hopkins World outlet, she wrote: "When so many platforms are under the control of the Saudis, tied to fickle commercial advertisers or beholden to special interests and religious lobbyists, it is a real thrill to find a place for us to speak without censorship".<mask> no longer writes for Rebel Media and it appears that she was quietly dropped as a contributor around October 2018. In June 2020, <mask> was permanently suspended from social networking site Twitter for what a company spokesperson said were "violations of our hateful conduct policy" – having previously been suspended for one week in January 2020. <mask> subsequently stated that she had joined the social networking site Parler as an alternative. After the announcement a fake account was accidentally verified as hers, and was then used to scam users. Views and controversies
Since appearing on The Apprentice, <mask> has frequently featured in the media for making controversial remarks, being described in The Guardian, HuffPost, and MTV as a "professional troll". She has described herself as a "conduit for truth", declaring "what other people think but are too scared to say"'. Islam
<mask> is anti-Islam.After the 2016 Nice truck attack, <mask> stated "Islam disgusts me", declaring the statement was "entirely rational" and not Islamophobic. She is in favour of a burqa ban and has labelled Islamic culture as homophobic. In March 2017, <mask> gave a speech at a David Horowitz Freedom Center event, in which she criticised Muslims, stating that a "Muslim mafia" controlled areas of Britain, and describing London Mayor Sadiq Khan as the "Muslim mayor of Londonistan". Calling on people to "fight for your country" against Muslims, <mask> stated that "we can commit to arm ourselves, not just with the help of the NRA," adding "get furious and fight back". Multiculturalism
<mask> is against multiculturalism. Referencing a so-called "multicultural mafia", she has said that increased crime is directly linked to it. Criticising the Notting Hill Carnival in 2016, she said: "I don't buy multiculturalism at all", stating that a "London bubble" believed in it and "the liberal left wing press, the BBC, they love it!They can't get enough of it." Following the 2017 London Bridge attack, <mask> criticised "Liberals in London", saying they "actually think multiculturalism means we all die together", and that they were "so desperately wedded to the multicultural illusion that [they] can only fight those who love the country the most, blame those who are most proud to be British." White genocide
<mask> promotes the antisemitic white genocide conspiracy theory. She has contended that immigration and multiculturalism are intended to make white people minorities. In February 2018, Yahoo News reported that "her intention was to 'expose' the white genocide" happening to farmers in South Africa. She also visited South Africa to report on 'anti-white racism'. Feminism
On the television show Question Time, <mask> said of feminism: "Women don't want equal treatment, they couldn't handle it if they got it.It's a tough world out there. What a lot of women are actually looking for is special treatment. What women need to realise is that they have to toughen up." Tattoos
<mask> has expressed her views on tattoos on television shows including The Nolan Show and If Katie Hopkins Ruled the World. She has stated: "I really think if you have a tattoo you have to wonder about what kind of future you have ahead of you. As an employer, I wouldn't employ someone with tattoos as I would wonder what customers would think about them. For me, tattoos are just a way for people to find attention who haven't found another way in their life to achieve it by conventional means."Social class
During an appearance on ITV's This Morning in July 2013, <mask> said she would stop her children playing with their classmates based on their given names. She expressed a particular dislike for "lower class" names like Charmaine, Chantelle, and Chardonnay, which met with disapproval from co-host Holly Willoughby. <mask> said that she did not like "geographical location names" either. After Willoughby's colleague, Phillip Schofield, said that she had given the name India to one of her daughters, <mask> said that India is "not related to a place". A viewers' poll conducted by the This Morning programme indicated that 91 per cent of respondents disagreed with <mask>'s opinion. Appearing as a panellist on Channel 5's The Big Benefits Row: Live in February 2014, she was accused by Terry Christian and others of only expressing her controversial opinions to make money from media appearances. <mask> has said that financial motives are not the reason she speaks out, and received a "relatively modest" fee of £300 when she was on This Morning speaking about children's names.In a February 2014 interview with Decca Aitkenhead for The Guardian, <mask> was asked if she is a snob: "Oh, definitely yeah, 100%. I think it's really important to be snobby". Illness and fatalities in the UK
<mask> posted a tweet referring to Scottish life expectancy predictions based upon a 2011 NHS Scotland report, "Healthy Life Expectancy in Scotland: Update of trends to 2010". This tweet was posted following a heated debate on Scottish Independence during an edition of  The Wright Stuff on which <mask> was a panellist. In the wake of the 2013 Glasgow helicopter crash, the tweet raised widespread condemnation among Twitter users. <mask> retorted "Following Independence I will only be the Biggest Bitch in England", and described people's reactions as "PC tastic". An online petition to ban <mask> from shows such as ITV's This Morning and The Wright Stuff on Channel 5 gained over 75,000 signatures.<mask> issued an apology the following Monday, restating that her original remark was in reference to the NHS report and was simply bad timing. ITV said on 5 December 2013 that "We have no plans for <mask> to appear on This Morning at this present time". On 31 December 2014, police announced they were investigating complaints they had received concerning <mask>'s tweets about Pauline Cafferkey, a Scottish aid worker who was diagnosed with Ebola after returning to the UK from Sierra Leone. <mask> had tweeted: "Little sweaty jocks, sending us Ebola bombs in the form

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texts:
 of sweaty Glaswegians just isn't cricket. Scottish NHS sucks." No evidence of criminality was found by the police. On 7 April 2015, <mask> made a series of tweets suggesting that people with dementia are "bed blockers" who take up scarce hospital beds and implied they would be better off dead.Her comments were condemned by leading British Alzheimer's charities. After five Londoners drowned at Camber Sands in August 2016, <mask> tweeted a poll mocking the identities of the deceased. Sussex Police reported the tweet to Twitter under the headings of "abusive or harmful" and "disrespectful or offensive". They decided while the tweet was distasteful it was not criminal. The tweet was deleted. Obesity
<mask> has been accused of fat-shaming by journalists. When appearing on ITV's This Morning, <mask> expressed her views on obesity stating: "Would I employ you if you were obese?No I would not. You would give the wrong impression to the clients of my business. I need people to look energetic, professional and efficient. If you are obese, you look lazy", and "To call yourself 'plus size' is just a euphemism for being fat. Life is much easier when you're thinner. Big is not beautiful, of course a job comes down to how you look." In 2014, <mask> took part in a TLC two-part documentary, <mask>: Fat and Back, where she gained and lost nearly 50 pounds (22 kilograms) of weight.Initially, she ridiculed an overweight woman for being 'a wreck of a human being'. When the TLC show aired in January 2015, <mask> acknowledged that losing excess weight "actually turned out to be a real ordeal...now I know how hard it is to be fat and carry that weight around and I know no one wants to be fat by choice," she said. Pakistani men and Rochdale
<mask> objected to Rochdale commemorating National Pakistan Day on 23 March 2015 and said that she based her objection on a Rochdale sex trafficking case involving nine predominantly Pakistani men. In a series of tweets, she posted images of the felons with the caption "are these your friends too?" On 29 March 2015, <mask> was reported to the police by Labour MP Simon Danczuk for possible race hate crimes. In response, <mask> said: "I asked fair questions and I think it's important that someone has the balls to speak out". Migrants
On 17 April 2015, <mask> wrote a column in The Sun comparing migrants to "cockroaches" and "feral humans" and said they were "spreading like the norovirus".She wrote that gunships should be used to stop migrants from crossing the Mediterranean. Her remarks were condemned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Prince Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein. In a statement released on 24 April 2015, he urged the UK to "curb incitement to hatred" by its "tabloid newspapers". He stated that <mask> used "language very similar to that employed by Rwanda's Kangura newspaper and Radio Mille Collines during the run up to the 1994 genocide", and said that both media organisations were subsequently convicted by an international tribunal of incitement to genocide. <mask>'s column also drew criticism on Twitter, including from Russell Brand, to whom <mask> responded by accusing Brand's "champagne socialist humanity" of neglecting taxpayers. Simon Usborne, writing in The Independent, compared her use of the word "cockroach" to previous uses by the Nazis and just before the Rwandan genocide by its perpetrators. He suspected that if any other contributor had written the piece, it would not have been published, and questioned her continued employment by the newspaper.Zoe Williams commented in The Guardian: "It is no joke when people start talking like this. We are not 'giving her what she wants' when we make manifest our disgust. It is not a free speech issue. I'm not saying gag her: I'm saying fight her". In 2015 a Change.org petition was initiated with the aim of getting The Sun to sack <mask>. By 26 April, it had attracted over 310,000 signatures. In early September, The Sun retweeted an earlier comment from <mask> expressing her disinterest in migrants.The tweet was pulled after the Prime Minister David Cameron publicly announced Britain would do more to help those seeking asylum in the UK. A further Change.org petition for <mask> to be replaced with 50,000 Syrian refugees gained more than 20,000 signatures in less than 48 hours in September 2015. In November 2015, Peter Herbert, chair of the Society of Black Lawyers, reported <mask> and The Sun to Sir Bernard Hogan-Howe, the Metropolitan Police Commissioner. <mask> was questioned and not charged, and subsequently criticised the police for purportedly criminalising opinion, and stated that she would set up a Society of White Lawyers. By December 2016, the original article had been removed from The Suns website. Romani people
On 21 May 2014, <mask> tweeted "Gypsies are not travellers. Travellers are people that commute to work or go on holiday.Gypsies are ferrel [sic] humans - we have no duty to them". Jenn Selby, a writer for The Independent, described her comment as incredibly racist. Donald Trump
<mask> supported Donald Trump's Republican presidential nomination in the Daily Mail during December 2016: "I hear cries that he is a blithering idiot. I have often been called a deranged fool. But if this were true you could ignore me, ignore us,  the two of us shouting naked at the rain. It's because we articulate sentiments repressed by the politically correct consensus that we have a voice". <mask> defended Trump's remarks that all Muslims should be banned from entering the United States.Trump later thanked <mask> for her support and for her "powerful writing on the U.K.'s Muslim problems", calling her a "respected journalist", although the Metropolitan Police and the Mayor of London, Boris Johnson among others, rejected his comments that there are 'no go' areas of London for non-Muslims. <mask> stated that Britain is in part "radicalised" and "it does nobody any favours to deny the obvious". When asked by BBC's Daily Politics presenter Andrew Neil in a December 2015 interview to name the "swathes" of Britain that are no-go areas for non-Muslims, <mask> replied that she couldn't for "legal reasons". When Neil said there could be no legal problems with identifying an area she continued to refuse, saying only: "I know those places exist". Racism, racial profiling, and Black Lives Matter
In January 2017, a caller to her LBC programme named Joseph said she came over as racist, following which she said: "I genuinely believe 'racist' as a word has been used so much. I am sorry for the word racist in a way. I love language so much ... it's like a regular word now, it's lost all meaning to me".When tweeting the clip she added, "Call me racist. I don't care. I will stand up for white women being raped because you're scared to offend Muslims". <mask> tweeted shortly afterwards: "Racial profiling is a good thing, call me racist. I don't care... it has lost all meaning". She later briefly retweeted a favourable response from an account named Anti Juden SS, whose avatar featured the Swastika (and the United States flag), later stating that she had not looked at the handle. Sharing a poster on Twitter for the Netflix series Dear White People at the beginning of May 2017, <mask> added: "Dear black people.If your lives matter why do you stab and shoot each other so much". Although the tweet was deleted, users of the social media site circulated screenshots of what appeared to be a reference to the Black Lives Matter movement in the United States. In August 2016 she urged the London Mayor Sadiq Khan to use water cannon against Black Lives Matter protesters at Heathrow Airport, who had chained themselves to the tarmac of an approach road. In February 2018, <mask> was detained and had her passport briefly confiscated in South Africa for allegedly spreading racial hatred. Manchester Arena bombing
On the morning following the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing at an Ariana Grande concert, <mask> tweeted about the need for a "final solution", the Nazis' term for the Holocaust:

22 dead - number rising. Schofield. Don't you even dare.Do not be part of the problem. We need a final solution. #Machester

The tweet was soon deleted and reworded as a "true solution". <mask> said the original was a typographical error (she had also misspelled "Manchester"). The motive for the attack, and the background of the suicide bomber, was unknown at the time <mask> made the comment. The journalist Nick Cohen was among those who responded on Twitter: "Even if <mask> knows nothing of Nazism – which I doubt – her "final solution" can only mean ethnic cleansing". Others, such as Owen Jones, called for a boycott of the LBC radio station while they employ her.Interviewed later on Fox News by Tucker Carlson, she called for people to insist on deportations among other responses to terrorist acts. She said: "I used the word 'final solution' in a tweet, and I would not in any way want to use that term and the inference other people lay on that. What I meant was, we need a lasting solution, a resolution to this". The incident led to <mask> leaving LBC. Following the June 2017 London Bridge attack almost a fortnight later, <mask> called for internment camps to be used for those suspected of being Muslim extremists on Fox News' Fox & Friends. The host Clayton Morris said, on behalf of the network staff, that everyone considered the "idea reprehensible". <mask>' comments have been linked in the media with a hate crime against a Muslim in 2017.A Muslim man in Heckmondwike stated that he was attacked by assailants who graffitied his house with <mask>' tweet, including her misspelling "#Machester". Refugees and migrants in the Mediterranean
In July 2017, <mask> flew to Catania in Sicily to visit a ship known as the C-Star hired by the Defend Europe movement, which has the intention of hindering the work of "search and rescue" vessels in the Mediterranean used by charities such as Save the Children to save trafficked migrants and refugees. Defend Europe is supported by the American white-nationalist David Duke and the neo-Nazi Daily Stormer website. <mask> tweeted: "Looking forward to meeting the crew of the C-Star in Catania tomorrow. Setting out to defend the Med. All this week @MailOnline". She tweeted, and then deleted, an image of herself with a Defend Europe activist also present in Sicily at the time, a man known as Peter Sweden, initially reported to be an active Holocaust denier.An article headlined "<mask> on NGOs colluding with traffickers in Sicily" was briefly published on the Mailonline website in mid-July 2017. According to a report on HuffPost website, the article offered no evidence to match the title. Shortly after her article was deleted, Save the Children rejected <mask>' claim that she had "spent time" with the crew of one of their ships. "Nor will she set sail with us on any of our rescue missions", they stated. The deleted Mailonline article was her only contribution to the planned series. <mask>' opinions on Mediterranean migrants resurfaced in 2018 after the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting. <mask> suggested that Chief Rabbi of the UK's "support for mass migration across the Med″ explained the shooting.She later deleted the tweet. Legal issues

Jack Monroe

Cookery writer and anti-poverty campaigner Jack Monroe threatened a libel action against <mask> after <mask> accused Monroe of vandalising a war memorial, having confused Monroe with journalist Laurie Penny, who had written in support of that vandalism. Monroe called for an apology and a £5,000 donation to a migrants rescue charity. <mask> later admitted that she was mistaken about the identity but did not apologise. Monroe began legal action in January 2016, and was awarded £24,000 in damages and £107,000 in legal costs in March 2017. After the decision became known, <mask> tweeted an image of herself as the Virgin Mary and commented that she saw herself as "the Jesus of the outspoken". An appeal application was refused in January 2018 as it was considered unlikely to succeed.<mask> sold her family home to pay the legal costs. Mahmood family
Mohammad Tariq Mahmood, his brother and their children were stopped from boarding a Norwegian Air flight from Gatwick to Los Angeles on 15 December 2015. At the airport, the family from Walthamstow found their entry visas to the United States had been cancelled. In December 2016, the Daily Mail and General Trust settled a libel case brought by the Mahmood family with £150,000 damages, plus legal costs, over two articles by <mask> posted on the MailOnline website which claimed members of the Muslim family were extremists. The columns published at the time of the incident falsely claimed that officials were right to stop the family flying to Los Angeles to visit Disneyland because the two men were connected to al-Qaida, and that their stated plans were a "lie". In the settlement, the assertions from the Mahmood family were accepted as true by the Mail and Hopkins; the family had arranged to stay with another brother living in California, The family's MP, Stella Creasy, complained to the prime minister David Cameron at the time about the family's treatment. <mask> said Creasy was a "whinging…blond-bobbed maniac".In a statement from the family's solicitors, Carter-Ruck, they said: "matters are not helped when sensationalist and, frankly, Islamophobic articles such as this are published, and which caused us all a great deal of distress and anxiety. We are very pleased that the record has been set straight". The two articles by <mask> about the Mahmood family have been removed from the MailOnline website. Jackie Teale
In November 2017, <mask>' former employers Mail Online apologised and paid "substantial damages" to teacher Jackie Teale, after <mask> falsely accused Teale of taking her class to a Donald Trump protest in Westminster. Daily Mirror
In May 2018, <mask> won an IPSO case against the Daily Mirror for claiming that she had been detained in South Africa in February 2018 for taking ketamine. The Mirror updated the headline to say that she had been detained for spreading racial hatred, and included a correction in the article. Finsbury Park Mosque
In October 2020, <mask> issued an apology after she was sued by Finsbury Park Mosque for inaccurately linking it to a violent incident in May 2020.Deportation from Australia

<mask> was selected as a cast member of the Australian Big Brother VIP series in 2021. She was sacked on 18 July 2021 while in hotel quarantine in Sydney after posting on social media that she had deliberately breached COVID-19 health regulations. At the time of her sacking the Australian Government was investigating whether she had violated the conditions of her visa, and both senior ministers and the federal opposition were calling for her to be deported. The opposition was also critical of the government's decision to grant <mask> a visa. On 19 July, <mask> was fined $A1,000 for not wearing a mask while in hotel quarantine. Her visa was also cancelled during the day, and she was deported from the country. Political activities
In the 2009 European Parliament Election, <mask> stood as a candidate for the South West England Constituency as an independent candidate.She polled 8,971 votes or 0.6% of the total votes cast. In September 2015, <mask> spoke at an event organised by the Electoral Reform Society at the UK Independence Party (UKIP)'s annual conference. After derogatory comments about the appointment of Michelle Mone to the House of Lords, she said: "Frankly, I don't really mind if we seal up the room and gas the lot of them". UKIP said in 2015 that <mask> was not a party member and, although she has reportedly applied to join on several occasions, her applications had always been rejected. In November 2015, students at Brunel University turned their backs on her, then walked out in protest at her presence in a debate. In January 2021, <mask> successfully joined UKIP. Explaining her intentions to join the party, she said "People always ask me ... when am I going to do something smarter than just gob off on social media?"Personal life
<mask>' first husband was Damian McKinney, a former Royal Marine and founder and Chief Executive of the company McKinney Rogers; they married in September 2004 in Exeter. He was married to another woman when they first met; she has admitted to having "stolen" him. McKinney left <mask> for another woman soon after the birth of the couple's second daughter. While working at the Met Office, she met Mark Cross, a married design manager. In 2010, her marriage to Cross was filmed as part of the reality game show Four Weddings, which is shown on the satellite and cable channel Sky Living. <mask> formerly suffered from epilepsy; she was being hospitalised around once every 10 days in early 2014, she told Decca Aitkenhead: "When I have a fit at night, my arms come out. They dislocate.So I have to go into hospital to have them relocated. That's happened 26 times in the last nine months". The seizures could occur up to ten times at night, according to Sathnam Sanghera who interviewed her for The Times in mid-2015. They began in her late teens whenever she fell asleep and did not respond to prescribed drugs, she said in 2017. In a piece for The Sun, published the following August, she announced she was undergoing surgery to help prevent seizures. In mid-November 2015, her condition led her to fall to the ground in the street, injuring her face, and for an ambulance to be called. In February 2016, she underwent surgery in which a portion of her brain was removed to relieve the severity of the condition.<mask> tweeted a month later that the operation was a success. "I am no longer an epileptic", she tweeted. According to <mask>, the surgery has, however, led to complications. <mask> sold her Exeter home in March 2018 for £930,000. She applied for an individual voluntary arrangement in May 2018 to avoid bankruptcy, after the libel case brought by Jack Monroe. (British TV series) participants
UK Independence Party

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