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<mask> (born January 5, 1940) is a media activist, founder of Paper Tiger Television and co-founder of the Deep Dish Satellite Network, the first grass roots community television network. She is Professor Emerita in the Department of Communication at the University of California, San Diego. Career

Her first film, Children Make Movies (1961), was about a film-making project at Lillian Wald's Henry Street Settlement in Lower Manhattan. Her film, Mural on Our Street was nominated for an Academy Award in 1965. She has led media workshops with elementary school children, reform school youth, senior citizens and migrant farmers. In 1976 she was co-director of the Child-Made Film Symposium, which was a fifteen-year assessment of media by youth throughout the world. She has served as a trustee of the American Film Institute, Women Make Movies and the Instructional Telecommunications Foundation.She has authored numerous articles in Film Library Quarterly, Film Culture, High Performance, The Independent, Leonardo, Afterimage and other media journals. Her book, Hand Held Visions: the Impossible Possibilities of Community Media is published by Fordham University Press. She co-edited Public Broadcasting and the Public Interest with M.E. Sharpe, and has written essays for a number of collections on independent media. In 1989 she received a Guggenheim Fellowship for an ecological series for the Deep Dish Network. She received two Rockefeller Media Fellowships for The Gringo in Mañanaland (1995), a compilation film about stereotypes of Latin Americans in U.S. films, which was featured at the Venice Film Festival, the London Film Festival and won a special jury prize at the Trieste Festival for Latin American Film and first prize from the American Anthropological Association's Visual Anthropology Division in 1998. Ah!The Hopeful Pageantry of Bread and Puppet. made in 2000 in collaboration with Tamar Schumann, was shown at the Woodstock Film Festival, The PDX Experimental Film Festival in Portland, Oregon, the Vermont Film Festival and the Dallas Video Festival. She has received five awards for lifetime achievement: an Indy from the Association of Independent Video and Filmmakers, The George C. Stoney Award from the Alliance for Community Media (ACM); The Life Time Achievement Award of the National Alliance for Media Arts and Culture (NAMAC), the Herbert Schiller Award from the 2003 Schmio Awards and the 2007 Dallas Smythe Award from the Union for Democratic Communication. She has co-coordinated Paper Tiger installations at the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Austrian Triennial of Photography in Graz, the Wexner Center in Columbus Ohio, the Gallery at the San Francisco Art Institute and the Berkeley Art Museum. In 1990, before the first Gulf War started, she worked with a team of Paper Tiger and Deep Dish producers to create a series on the impending war, called The Gulf Crisis TV Project which ultimately produced ten half-hour programs which were widely shown on Public-access television stations, film festivals, the Whitney Museum, Channel Four in the UK and NHK in Japan. Her work with Deep Dish TV includes a twelve part series on the prison industrial complex in the United States entitled, Bars and Stripes (1996) and Shocking and Awful, (2004-2005) a thirteen part series on the 2003 invasion and occupation of Iraq. She is currently finishing a four-hour compilation of speeches and interviews from the World Tribunal on Iraq, which Deep Dish filmed in Istanbul in June 2005.<mask> has been closely involved with the Independent Media Center movement, which now totals over 180 centers in sixty countries. She was one of the initial group of media activists that developed the first center in Seattle during the World Trade Organization protests. Her role was to develop the initial funding proposal for the center, raise funds from individual donors and organize 5 days of satellite broadcasting from that historic event. That work evolved into the television version of Democracy Now!, the Pacifica Network daily radio news series. After retiring from the University of California in 2001, <mask> worked full-time for a year (on a volunteer basis) to create the infrastructure and resources for Democracy Now! television, building on the contacts already established by Deep Dish. This daily news program is now on over 650 community television and radio stations and on the Dish Network of 15 million subscribers via Freespeech TV.As President of the Association of Independent Video and Film Makers (AIVF) in the nineteen seventies, Halleck led a media reform campaign in Washington, testifying twice before the House Sub-Committee on Telecommunication for increased support and channel space for independent video and film. This work ultimately lead to the creation of ITVS, the Independent Television Service. <mask>’s work in media reform includes working with a coalition of national organizations to insure public interest set-asides for Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS). That successful campaign created the provisions which have allowed Free Speech TV, Link TV and a number of universities to have 24-hour television networks via satellite. Halleck has been involved in media policy reform on the international level as a member of the MacBride Roundtable on Communication, Communication Rights in the Information Society (CRIS) and as an official delegate to the World Summit on the Information Society in Geneva 2003 and in Tunis in 2005. Halleck is now working with Victoria Maldonado on a series entitled "Waves of Change", which looks at community media around the world. Halleck was the lead respondent in the 2019 Supreme Court case Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck.In 2021, she was one of the participants in John Greyson's experimental short documentary film International Dawn Chorus Day. References

Sources
Hand Held Visions, Fordham University Press, 2002. Roar, Paper Tiger Catalog, Wexner Center, Ohio State University, 1996. External links
 http://www.deedeehalleck.blogspot.com
 http://www.deepdishwavesofchange.blogspot.com

American academics
American anti-war activists
American documentary filmmakers
1940 births
Living people

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<mask>  (born September 27, 1965) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. He was a Member of Parliament from 1997 to 2015 and has served as Minister of Justice and Attorney General (2013–2015), Minister of National Defence (2007–2013), and Minister of Foreign Affairs (2006–2007) in the Cabinet of Canada under Prime Minister Stephen Harper. <mask> was the final leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (PC Party), and he agreed to merge the party with Stephen Harper's Canadian Alliance in 2003, forming the Conservative Party of Canada and making <mask> one of the co-founders of the current conservative wing of Canadian politics. The son of Canadian politician and Minister of Public Works <mask>, <mask> received his undergraduate degree from Carleton University and his law degree from Dalhousie University. <mask> represented the riding of Pictou—Antigonish—Guysborough from 1997 to 2004, and the riding of Central Nova from 2004 until 2015, when he decided not to run in that year's federal election. With the defeat of the Conservatives in the 2015 federal election, he was considered a potential candidate to succeed Stephen Harper as permanent leader of the party. Between 2015 and 2020, he was a partner with Baker McKenzie at their Toronto office.On January 15, 2020, <mask> announced his candidacy for the 2020 Conservative leadership race. He was defeated by former veterans affairs minister Erin O’Toole on the third ballot of the leadership vote. Since the race, he moved back to Nova Scotia and is now a senior counsel with the law firm McInnes Cooper, and a strategic advisor with Deloitte Canada. Early life and career
<mask> was born in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia. His father, <mask>, is a former PC cabinet minister, lumber businessman, and lawyer. His mother, Eirene Macha <mask> (née Delap; 1938–2017), was a psychologist and peace activist; through her, <mask> is descended from James Alexander, 3rd Earl of Caledon and James Grimston, 1st Earl of Verulam. <mask> grew up in Wolfville, Nova Scotia with his three siblings.He graduated from Horton High School in Greenwich, Nova Scotia, and then went on to graduate with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Acadia University/Carleton University in 1987. <mask> then studied law at Dalhousie University and was called to the Nova Scotia Bar in June 1991. He worked for Thyssen Henschel, a steel producer, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and in Düsseldorf and Kassel, Germany. In 1993, <mask> accepted an appointment as Crown Attorney for the Central Region of Nova Scotia. He prosecuted cases at all levels, including youth and provincial courts as well as the Supreme Court of Canada. <mask> has publicly stated that the major impetus for his entry into federal politics was his frustrations with the shortcomings in the justice system, particularly his perception that the courts do not care about the impact crime has on victims. Member of Parliament
<mask> was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the June 2, 1997 federal election for Pictou—Antigonish—Guysborough, a riding in northeastern Nova Scotia.He was one of a handful of newly elected "Young Turk" PC MPs (including John Herron, André Bachand and Scott Brison), who were under 35 years old when elected and were considered the future leadership material that might restore the ailing Tories to their glory days. In his first term of office, <mask> served as Justice Critic and House Leader for the Progressive Conservative parliamentary caucus. <mask> was the PC member of the Board of Internal Economy and the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights. He also acted as an associate member of the Standing Committees on Canadian Heritage, Finance and the sub-committee on the Study of Sport. <mask> served as PC Party House Leader from September 23, 1997, to September 12, 2001. <mask> was re-elected in the 2000 federal election and was frequently touted by the media as a possible successor to PC Party leader Joe Clark. Many of his initial supporters referred to his strong performances in the House of Commons and magnetism as key attributes that would make him a popular leader.<mask> has been voted the "sexiest male MP in the House of Commons" by the Hill Times (a Parliament Hill newspaper) for six years in a row. When asked in a 2001 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation documentary on the resurgence of the PC Party if he would ever consider running for the PC leadership, <mask> quipped, "If there's one thing I've learned in politics it's 'never say never.' Jean Charest taught me that." In August 2001, he was one of several PC MPs to engage in open cooperation talks with disaffected Canadian Alliance MPs in Mont-Tremblant, Quebec. Eventually a union of sorts was created between the PCs and the newly formed Democratic Representative Caucus (DRC). <mask> was appointed House Leader of the new PC-DR Parliamentary Coalition Caucus when it was formally recognized as a political body on September 10, 2001. The PC-DR initiative collapsed in April 2002, raising questions about Clark's leadership.Clark announced his impending resignation as party leader at the PC Party's bi-annual convention held in Edmonton, Alberta in August 2002. <mask>'s name was one of the first to be raised as a possible leadership contender. 2003 Progressive Conservative leadership race
<mask> was largely seen as the assumed victor of the race from the outset of the leadership contest. Ultimately, his candidacy was helped by the absence of so-called "dream candidates" such as provincial Progressive Conservative Premiers Bernard Lord, Mike Harris and Ralph Klein who did not run for the leadership. <mask> formally launched his leadership campaign in his hometown of New Glasgow in January 2003. From the onset of the campaign, <mask> insisted that his primary goal upon assuming the leadership would be the rebuilding the fractured conservative movement from within the PC tent. For much of the race, <mask> was the clear front-runner.Several opponents, including former PC Party Treasurer Jim Prentice, social conservative candidate Craig Chandler, and Red Tory Nova Scotia MP Scott Brison, painted <mask> as a status quo or "establishment" candidate who could effectively question the Prime Minister. <mask>'s campaign was largely based on his leadership skills and a national organization rather than on policies or new directions. <mask> is largely viewed by political analysts as a Red Tory. He voted in favour of same-sex marriage in 2006. Leadership convention
<mask> entered the first ballot of the PC leadership convention held on May 31, 2003 with roughly 41% of the delegates supporting him. However, on the second ballot, <mask>'s support dropped to 39%. On the third ballot, <mask>'s support reached 45% but many of his supporters were convinced that he had hit his popular peak.Some analysts noted that the eliminated third-place challenger David Orchard drew his 25% bulk of delegate supporters largely from the Western prairie provinces. Orchard was prepared to speak with either <mask> or Prentice to determine if a deal could be reached over some of the issues that he raised during the leadership campaign. As the results of the third ballot were called, <mask>'s campaign manager, PC Senator Noël Kinsella, hastily arranged a backroom meeting between <mask>, Orchard, and their campaign advisors. During the meeting, <mask> reached a deal with his rival, and Orchard emerged from the room urging his delegates to support <mask>. Press officials immediately demanded to know what had inspired Orchard's surprise move. Orchard repeatedly referred to a "gentleman's agreement" made between himself and MacKay that had led to his qualified support. <mask> won the final ballot with nearly 65% of the delegates supporting him.For the next few weeks, the specific details of the "Orchard deal" remained vague:  a secret between <mask>, Orchard, and their advisors. However, it was eventually revealed that the "Orchard deal" promised a review of the PC Party's policies on the North American Free Trade Agreement, no merger or joint candidates with the Canadian Alliance, and a promise to redouble efforts to rebuild the national status of the Progressive Conservative Party. The agreement also included re-examining the PC Party's policies on government subsidies for national railways and preserving the environment. The deal also requested that <mask> "clean up" the party's head office and specifically requested that the party's National Director be fired. Further evidence later revealed Scott Brison's cellphone number written in the margins of the note for some unexplained reason. In an attempt to heal internal rifts after the convention, <mask> edited out the number. After Brison defected to the Liberal party, however, <mask> revealed the original copy.The agreement prompted much outrage and controversy amongst United Alternative supporters and was ribaldly referred to by CA MP Jason Kenney as "a deal with the Devil". At first, <mask> seemed to be willing to adhere to the deal. In June, several Clark-appointed personnel were let go from the party's main office and <mask> appointed new experienced staff whose loyalties were more closely linked to himself and former Prime Minister and PC Party leader Brian Mulroney. <mask> also appointed a couple of low level staff workers who had been supportive of David Orchard's leadership bid. In July, <mask> struck up a "Blue Ribbon PC Policy Review Panel", made up of conservative MPs, Senators, and Orchard himself, that was to be chaired by MP Bill Casey, in order to reexamine the party's policies on NAFTA. The committee was scheduled to hold talks across the country and make a report to the leader by January 2004. By mid-July, political opponents and fellow Tories began attacking <mask> over the "Orchard deal."<mask>'s conservative rival Stephen Harper suggested that the PC Party had hit rock-bottom when its policies and directions would be beholden to a "prairie socialist." The secretive nature of the deal also led to concerns from within the party's headquarters and constituency associations. David Orchard was seen by many within the party as an "outsider" who was attempting to turn the Progressive Conservative Party into the "Prairie Co-operative Party". Some felt that <mask>'s credibility and leadership were undermined by the deal and that electoral expectations were low for the upcoming election that was expected to occur in less than a year's time. Rex Murphy noted in a Globe and Mail column that <mask>'s leadership arrived "stillborn" and that, perhaps for the first time in recent memory, a party immediately emerged from a leadership convention grievously weakened and even less united than when it entered the convention. Conservative party merger
Public musings that the divided PCs would be marginalized in a future election between a relatively stable western-based CA under Stephen Harper and the massively popular Paul Martin Liberals (although Jean Chrétien remained the Liberal leader until November 2003, he had announced he would not run again), <mask> encouraged talks between high-profile members of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservatives. On October 15, 2003, the merger talks culminated in <mask> and Alliance leader Stephen Harper signing an Agreement in Principle on the establishment of the Conservative Party of Canada, whereby the Progressive Conservatives and the Canadian Alliance would merge to form a new Conservative Party of Canada.While <mask> was roundly criticized in some Red Tory circles for permitting a union under his watch, <mask>'s efforts to sell the merger to the PC membership were successful: 90.4% of the party's elected delegates supported the deal in a vote on December 6, 2003. Some PC caucus members refused to accept the merger: long-time MP and former Prime Minister Joe Clark continued to sit as a "Progressive Conservative" for the remainder of the Parliament, as did MPs John Herron and André Bachand, while Scott Brison left the new party to join the Liberal Party in December 2003. In January 2004, several Senators left the party to sit as independents or "Progressive Conservatives". <mask> announced on January 13, 2004, that he would not run for the leadership of the new Conservative Party. On March 22, he was named deputy leader of the new party by newly elected

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 leader Stephen Harper. He was easily re-elected in the June 28, 2004 federal election in the newly redistributed riding of Central Nova. On September 29, 2005, the Premier of Nova Scotia, John Hamm, announced his intention to resign.There was speculation that <mask> would return to the province to pursue provincial politics and enter the Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia leadership race to become the Premier. <mask> would have been considered a front-runner in the race; however, he decided to remain with the Federal Conservatives. The Liberal government lost a motion of non-confidence on November 28, 2005. In the resulting January 2006 election, the Conservative Party was elected with a minority government. He did retain his seat by a comfortable margin. Government

Minister of Foreign Affairs

Following the Conservative victory in the 2006 election, Prime Minister Stephen Harper named <mask> as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister for the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency; he was also tasked to be the political minister for both his home province, and for neighbouring Prince Edward Island, just as his father Elmer had done between 1988 and 1993. During the first mandate, his biggest issue was the Lebanon–Israel–Hezbollah crisis that occurred in July 2006.The government decided to evacuate thousands of Canadians from Lebanon to safer locations and many back to Canada. <mask> responded to critics saying that the process was slow, that the boats (those which were used to evacuate) had limited capacity. <mask>'s statements in support of the Israelis during the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict created a national debate in Canada, especially among Arabs and Muslim Canadians who opposed <mask>'s position. During this period <mask> and the Conservative Party of Canada joined the Bush Administration in opposing the United Nations' call for a ceasefire. It was also during this period that <mask> made a controversial statement in which he referred to Hezbollah as a "cancer" in Lebanon. Hezbollah is formally recognized by the government of Canada as a terrorist organization. On October 19, 2006, during a debate on the Conservative Party's clean air plan, MP Mark Holland said that a Liberal colleague, David McGuinty asked <mask> about the impact of pollution on humans and animals by asking, "What about your dog?".This referred to <mask> posing for photographs on a farm with his neighbour's dog following his break-up with Belinda Stronach. <mask> then allegedly pointed to Stronach's vacant chair and replied "You already have her." Holland lodged a complaint with the Commons Speaker and demanded an apology from <mask>. Stronach has said that the comment was disrespectful to both herself and Canadian women, and has herself asked for an apology. <mask> has denied referring to Stronach as a "dog". The alleged comment was not heard by Speaker of the House <mask>n and it was not recorded in the official Hansard. Afterwards, Milliken and his staff said that they could not hear the remarks on the tape recording.Minister of National Defence

On August 14, 2007, Stephen Harper shuffled <mask> from Foreign Affairs to Defence, replacing Gordon O'Connor. On November 6, 2007, while attending a meeting at Forward Operating Base Wilson, 20 kilometres west of Kandahar City, Mackay was unharmed as two rockets struck the base at about 11 a.m. local time. Mackay described the incident: "There was an explosion. It was a loud bang", said MacKay. "When it happened, we heard the explosion, we heard the whistle overhead, we were told to get down and we did." The incident happened on the same day that a suicide bomber detonated an explosive in Baghlan in the northeastern part of the country killing at least 75 including several politicians. While Taliban insurgents were suspected of being behind the bombing, it was not believed to be related to the attack in Kandahar.In 2008, <mask> announced a broad exhaustive and very expensive program to upgrade the Canadian military's equipment, spending over $400 billion over 25 years. Unlike every previous spending announcement of its kind, no "white paper" or detailed breakdown of this number was available nor was any claimed to exist. This led to widespread speculation that an election was coming. Stephen Harper did in fact declare Parliament "dysfunctional" in August 2008 and called on Governor General of Canada Michaëlle Jean to dissolve parliament for the 2008 federal election. In July 2010, <mask> was accused of inappropriately using public funds when he combined the use of a Canadian Cormorant military helicopter for both a search and rescue demonstration, and to transport the minister from a private fishing camp in Newfoundland to Gander Airport. The cost of this to taxpayers was approximately $16,000. <mask>, then the Minister of National Defence, defended his use of the military helicopter stating, "Three days into the visit I participated in a search and rescue demonstration with 103 squadron 9 Wing Gander.I shortened my stay by a day to take part in that demonstration". In 2009, he undertook two days of basic military training as part of CBC Television's Make the Politician Work. On June 5, 2012, it was revealed that a widely publicized 2010 news conference announcing Conservative plans to buy 65 F-35 Stealth Fighters had cost $47,000. Documents provided to parliament by <mask> indicated that Lockheed Martin had delivered the F-35 mockup used in the photo-op for free, and that the cost was primarily for services to support the news conference and one hundred invited guests. Minister of Justice and Attorney General
On July 15, 2013, the cabinet was shuffled, and Mackay became the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, replacing Rob Nicholson, who took over the defence portfolio. On March 5, 2014, <mask> generated controversy when, in response to opposition Liberal MP Kevin Lamoureux, he tossed documents purporting to concern the issue of missing and murdered Aboriginal women onto the floor of the House of Commons. The following week, he apologized to the Commons for his outburst.Out of Parliament

2015–present
On May 29, 2015, <mask> announced that he would not be a candidate in the 2015 federal election. In February 2016, <mask> joined law firm Baker McKenzie as a partner. <mask>'s family now resides in The Beaches area of Toronto. On November 17, 2017,  <mask> said he had not ruled out the possibility of running for the leadership of the Nova Scotia Progressive Conservative Party. After the Conservative defeat in the 2015 election, <mask> was considered a potential candidate to succeed former Prime Minister Stephen Harper as permanent leader of the Conservative Party. On September 12, 2016, <mask> announced he would not seek the Conservative party leadership. On January 15, 2020, <mask> announced his intention to run for the 2020 Conservative Party of Canada leadership race.Cielo Waste Solutions Corp.(CSE:CMC) announced the appointment of former cabinet minister the Hon. <mask>, P.C., Q.C. to its Board of Directors effective April 8, 2021. The Hon. <mask> has over two decades of public service and private sector work. Mr. <mask> will provide strategic advice and invaluable guidance on government and public services industry practice, infrastructure, economic development and will represent Cielo as a catalyst to Cielo’s growth moving forward. 2020 Conservative leadership race

On October 10, 2019, The Globe and Mail reported that <mask> supporters were preparing to launch a leadership bid should Conservative Party leader Andrew Scheer fail to secure a government in the 2019 federal election.<mask> responded to questions by saying that he was "not [aware]" of Conservatives backers organizing a campaign, and that he was "doing everything I can to help Andrew and support him and his team. I’m not entertaining that at all.”

On December 12, 2019, Scheer announced he was resigning as Conservative party leader, but would stay on until a new leader was chosen. On January 15, 2020, <mask> announced his intention to run for the 2020 Conservative Party of Canada leadership race. After weeks of speculation, <mask> tweeted from his Twitter account: "I'm in. Stay tuned." He officially launched his campaign on January 25, 2020 at the Nova Scotia Museum of Industry in Stellarton, Nova Scotia. On January 26, 2020, a Washington Post columnist posted a comparison of <mask>'s campaign logo and that of personal finance blog Maple Money, which started comparisons to the previous Canadian Energy Centre trademark issues.<mask> was defeated by Erin O’Toole on the third ballot of the leadership vote. After the vote, it was revealed that <mask> spent $124,000 on security during the campaign in response to numerous death threats that were lodged against him and his family. Personal life
<mask> was chosen as "Canada's Sexiest Male MP" by The Hill Times from 1999–2007 and 2009, coming in second in 2008 to Maxime Bernier. His former longtime girlfriend was Lisa Michelle Merrithew, daughter of former Mulroney cabinet minister Gerald Merrithew. They reportedly ended their relationship in 2004. He then was romantically linked to fellow MP Belinda Stronach in published reports. In an interview in the Toronto Star on January 8, 2005, Stronach confirmed that she and <mask> were dating.Stronach, elected as a Conservative in the 2004 election, crossed the floor to the Liberal Party on May 17, 2005. On May 18, 2005, <mask> told the CBC that his relationship with Stronach was indeed over, and that it had come as a surprise to him that she had crossed the floor. According to Don Martin, a National Post columnist who wrote a biography, Belinda: the Political and Private Life of Belinda Stronach in September 2006, <mask> reacted "with volcanic fury" when he learned about her defection. On November 26, 2005, the National Post revealed that Mackay and Sophie Desmarais of the billionaire Power Corporation family were dating. By September 2006, <mask>'s romantic life was again in the papers, with The New York Times reporting on gossip about his alleged involvement with United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. The New York Times described him as "Tall, athletic, young, blond", and having "a tan and the build of someone who spends his time on the rugby field, not holed up reading G-8 communiqués." <mask> had been seen in public dating Jana Juginovic, director of programming at CTV News Channel, after having kept their relationship private for many months.They attended the annual Black & White Opera Soirée together at the National Arts Centre in Ottawa on February 21, 2009. <mask>'s engagement to Juginovic was announced on November 1, 2009. <mask> and Juginovic later called off the engagement in June 2010. On January 4, 2012, <mask> married Nazanin Afshin-Jam, an Iranian-born former beauty queen, in a ceremony in Mexico. Afshin-Jam holds degrees in international relations and political science. She is co-founder and president of Stop Child Executions, a human rights group whose aim is to focus world attention on the plight of young people on death row in Iran. The couple has two sons, Kian <mask>, born April 1, 2013, and Caledon <mask>, born July 28, 2018  as well as one daughter, Valentia Makaja <mask>, born September 30, 2015.In his spare time, <mask> has served on many volunteer boards including New Leaf and Tearmann House. He has also been active in Big Brothers Big Sisters, the Pictou County Senior Rugby Club and the YMCA. A sports enthusiast, <mask> was active in local rugby, baseball, football and hockey teams in Pictou County, Nova Scotia. He played for the Nova Scotia Keltics rugby union club. Electoral record

External links

 Former campaign site

References

1965 births
Acadia University alumni
Canadian Ministers of Foreign Affairs
Canadian monarchists
Canadian prosecutors
Canadian Queen's Counsel
Canadian people of Scottish descent
Canadian rugby union players
Conservative Party of Canada MPs
Schulich School of Law alumni
Defence ministers of Canada
Lawyers in Nova Scotia
Living people
Members of the 28th Canadian Ministry
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Nova Scotia
Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
People from Kings County, Nova Scotia
People from New Glasgow, Nova Scotia
Progressive Conservative Party of

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The Rev Prof <mask> (1796 – 26 February 1870), also known as 'Rabbi' <mask>, was a minister of the Free Church of Scotland, a missionary to the Jews in Hungary, and Professor of Hebrew and Oriental Languages at New College, Edinburgh. He is best remembered for his aphorisms. <mask> was born in Gilcomston, Aberdeen, the son of a shoemaker. He studied at Marischal College in the University of Aberdeen and obtained an MA in 1814. <mask> embarked upon theological study while still an atheist, first through the Anti-Burgher Secession Church and then the Established Church. He completed his studies in 1821 and subsequently became a theist, but according to his later testimony was not yet converted when he was licensed to preach in 1825. <mask> was converted in 1826 through the ministry of César Malan, and in 1830 commenced ministry at Persie in Perthshire.The following year he moved to Glasgow, and was finally ordained as the minister of Milton parish church on 28 April 1836. On the occurrence of a vacancy in the chair of oriental languages in the University of Glasgow, he offered himself as a candidate, stating in his application that he knew Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Persian, Sanscrit, Bengali, Hindostani, and Mahratti; while in Hebrew literature he professed everything, including grammarians, commentators, law books, controversial books, and books of ecclesiastical scholastics, and of belles-lettres. His application failed, but his college gave him the degree of LL.D. in 1840. On 7 October 1840, as a consequence of an increased interest in the Church of Scotland concerning the conversion of the Jews, and of his own deep interest in Israel, <mask> was appointed the first Missionary to the Jews from the Church of Scotland. He set out for Pest (part of Budapest) in Hungary in 1841. Macleod writes that "since the days of the Apostles there is hardly on record such a striking work of grace among the Jews as took place in the days of his labours in Buda-Pesth," and that Adolph Saphir and Alfred Edersheim were converted through <mask>'s work there.Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg was most friendly, and helped the mission in many ways. <mask> stayed in Hungary for two years, until the Disruption of 1843 led to an invitation to fill the chair of Hebrew and Oriental Languages at New College, Edinburgh. <mask> occupied this position until his death in 1870. He is buried under a large obelisk in the north-east section of the Grange Cemetery in Edinburgh. His tombstone refers to him as "an eminent scholar and metaphysician, a profound theologian, a man of tender piety and of a lowly loving spirit." Legacy

<mask>'s knowledge of Hebrew and passion for the Jewish people earned him the affectionate epithet "Rabbi". Sinclair describes him as "remarkably absent-minded, in regard to the common things of life," but "intensely exercised about the higher and eternal realities."He did not write any books, although he edited a British edition of Edward Robinson's Lexicon of the Greek New Testament in 1838 and published a few lectures. Rather, <mask> described himself as "just a talker," and had a "genius for epigrammatic wisdom." His aphorisms continue to be quoted. William Knight remarked on <mask>'s death that "with him has perished a breathing library of wisdom." William Garden Blaikie suggested that "his profound originality, his intellectual honesty, his deep piety, and childlike simplicity, humility, and affectionateness, commanded the respect of every student." Aphorisms

<mask> was only a moderately successful theological educator. His undisciplined yet highly fertile mind did not give of its best in the classroom.Some considered that the Church would have been better served if he had been permitted to abandon formal lectures in order to conduct walks twice a week with his students in Edinburgh's Princes Street Gardens. Referring to <mask>'s peripatetic conversations, one of his students, A. Taylor Innes, said, “It seemed as if Pascal had shuffled into the sandals of Socrates, and walked up and down Edinburgh streets.” (A. Taylor Innes, Studies in Scottish History London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1892, p. 183). The primary source for many of <mask>'s striking aphorisms is the volume compiled by another of his students, William Knight, Colloquia Peripatetica: Deep Sea Soundings (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1889). An edited version, with additions, was compiled in 1997, by <mask>l: <mask>. Brentnall, Just a Talker: Sayings of <mask> `Rabbi' <mask> (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth Trust, 1997). The two cited below, both found in Colloquia Peripatetica, are good examples of his style. "I am first a Christian, next a catholic, then a Calvinist, fourth a paedobaptist, and fifth a Presbyterian. I cannot reverse this order.""Hyper-Calvinism is all house and no door: Arminianism is all door and no house." Family
He married:
(1) 18 January 1837, Janet (died two years later as a consequence of the premature birth of her second child - 24 January 1839), daughter of Dr J. Towers of the island of St Croix and had issue:
Annie, born 1838 (married 1861, <mask>, West Indies)
(2) Janet (died 28 October 1852), daughter of James Douglas, minister of Stewarton, and widow of <mask>, surgeon, Kilmarnock. and had issue:
Maria, born 1842 (married 1865, Adolph Spaeth, Lutheran minister, Philadelphia, U.S.A.

References
Citations

Sources

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External links
Biographical Sketch by James Steven Sinclair
Rabbi <mask> by A. Moody Stuart
The legacy of <mask> by <mask>. Ross (International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 29, No. 3 (July 2005), pp. 150–3)
Adolph Saphir Homepage

1796 births
1870 deaths
Scottish Calvinist and Reformed theologians
Scottish philologists
Christian Hebraists
19th-century Ministers of the Free Church of Scotland
Scottish orientalists
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Converts to Christianity
People from Aberdeen
Scottish Protestant missionaries
19th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians
Old Testament scholars
Protestant missionaries in Hungary
Missionary linguists

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<mask><mask>,  (born August 16, 1937) is a former Canadian cabinet minister. <mask> was born in Victoria, British Columbia. He was educated at Victoria College, Aiglon College and at the University of British Columbia Faculty of Law; he graduated in 1962 with a LLB. During his UBC days <mask> won a silver medal for rowing in the 1960 Olympic Games, and a silver medal in the Pan American Games in Chicago in 1959. He was also a pilot in the University Reserve of the Royal Canadian Air Force. <mask> served as a foreign service officer in the Department of External Affairs between 1962 and 1968. His posts included Indochina (International Supervisory And Truce Commissions) 1963–64, Assistant Canadian Trade Commissioner in Hong Kong, 1964–1967, and China Desk Officer in Ottawa 1967–68.In Hong Kong, <mask> attended the Institute of Oriental Studies of the University of Hong Kong and obtained the British Foreign Officer Higher Standard Certificate in Mandarin. He was elected Liberal MP for the constituency of Esquimalt—Saanich on Vancouver Island in the 1968 federal election. Four years later he switched to provincial politics, and was elected leader of the provincial Liberal Party (April 1972), then the third party in the provincial legislature with 5 out of 55 seats. Although elected himself in the 1972 election, representing the constituency of Victoria, the Liberal Party did not increase its seat total. <mask> served as Member of the Legislative Assembly until his defeat in December 1975. During this period of elected office <mask> was prominent in representing Canadian concerns over offshore oil drilling, pipeline developments in Northern Canada, and oil tanker traffic between Alaska and the Lower 48 states. Between 1976 and 1984, <mask> worked as an environmental consultant and adjunct professor at the University of Victoria's School of Administration, where he taught in the fields of constitutional and administrative law, and environmental policy.His environmental work focused on coastal and wetland protection and marine pollution from oil exploration and transportation. <mask> was appointed as a member of the Immigration Appeal Board for a 10-year term in 1984. He served from March 1, 1984, until December 31, 1988, when the board was dissolved. In the 1993 federal general election <mask> re-entered elected politics. He was elected MP for Victoria and retained this position for three subsequent elections, ending when he retired from politics in January 2006. During this period, he served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Jean Chrétien as Minister of National Revenue (1993–95), Minister of Transport (1995–97), and Minister of Fisheries and Oceans (1997–99). He also was appointed the regional political minister for British Columbia, which he retained until 2002.<mask>'s time in the fisheries portfolio was marked by considerable controversy with the commercial fishing industry as he worked for strict conservation measures to protect fish stocks. These measures including a complete ban on the killing of Coho salmon in 1998. After six years of previous failures, he succeeded in getting an agreement with the United States under the Pacific Salmon Treaty to conserve salmon stocks and to end the destructive competitive fishing by the US and Canadian commercial fleets. In the cabinet shuffle of 1999, Chrétien appointed <mask> Environment Minister. He served in that post for the following five years, making him the longest serving Canadian environment minister. In this period <mask>'s work largely centered on the Rio Summit conventions on biodiversity and climate change. He was successful in getting the Species at Risk Act passed by Parliament and signed into law (2004), and, despite strong objections from the governments of Saskatchewan, Alberta and Ontario and the federal Official Opposition, in securing Canadian ratification of the Kyoto Protocol in December 2002.Other initiatives involved improving air and water quality and established improved federal provincial cooperation on environmental issues. In international work, <mask> was the first Canadian elected as president of the governing council of the United Nations Environment Programme, a post he held for two years. He took a prominent part in the G8 and OECD Environment Minister's meetings. <mask> was dropped from cabinet by Prime Minister Paul Martin in 2004 and did not run in the 2006 election. In February 2007 he was named director of the Guelph Institute for the Environment, from which he retired in 2010. <mask> has received a number of environmental awards, including the John Fraser Award for Environmental Achievement from the Sierra Club of Canada (2005), the Dr. Andrew Thompson Award from West Coast Environmental Law for his lifetime contributions to the environment and sustainability in British Columbia (2004), and the 50th anniversary International Conservation Award (1998) from the Atlantic Salmon Federation. He was awarded an honorary doctoral degree in laws by the University of Victoria in 2007, and an honorary doctorate of science from Wilfrid Laurier University in 2009.He was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2010 and named to the Order of British Columbia in 2018. <mask> is married with two children. Trivia
Like former Liberal leader Stéphane Dion, <mask> has a dog named Kyoto. Unlike Dion's Husky, <mask>'s dog is a Schnauzer and <mask> named his dog first. Archives
There is a <mask> fonds at Library and Archives Canada. References

External links

1937 births
Living people
British Columbia Liberal Party MLAs
Canadian Anglicans
Canadian Ministers of Transport
Canadian sportsperson-politicians
Lawyers in British Columbia
Leaders of the British Columbia Liberal Party
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from British Columbia
Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada
Olympic medalists in rowing
Olympic rowers of Canada
Olympic silver medalists for Canada
Officers of the Order of Canada
Pan American Games silver medalists for Canada
Politicians from Victoria, British Columbia
Rowers at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Rowers from Victoria, British Columbia
Members of the 26th Canadian Ministry
Members of the 27th Canadian Ministry
Canadian male rowers
Peter A. Allard School of Law alumni
Pan American Games medalists in rowing
Rowers at the 1959 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics

masks:
David A
. Anderson
Anderson
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<mask> is an American-Canadian singer-songwriter and actress. <mask>' debut album Sunseed was released on June 19, 2007; songs "Keep Drivin" and "What You Want" reached #11 on the Japan Hot 100 and #45 on the Canadian Hot 100, respectively. Her second album, When the Bird Became a Book, was released on June 21, 2010, and includes duets with musicians G. Love and Donavon Frankenreiter. Early life
When <mask> was growing up, her mother was a dancer and writer, and her father was a musician and sound engineer (Miles Davis, The Grateful Dead and The Ramones), who operated GlassWing Studios out of the upper floor of their Washington D.C home. "I was surrounded by music at all hours of the day. All types of music. I remember the melodies and beats actually rattling the floorboards.My childhood had a soundtrack filled up with everything from R&B and Jazz to Rock and Americana." For many recording sessions, <mask> was allowed to sit in and watch the recording process. The family relocated to Portland, Oregon when <mask> was three and within several months, <mask> began playing piano and participating in local musical theatre productions. She learned to sing by studying the voices of Judy Garland, Billie Holiday and Nina Simone among others. Career

1998–2005

By middle school, <mask> was accepted into the private performing arts school, The Northwest Academy, where she studied both classical and jazz music, writing, The Meisner Technique, dance and film-making. At the age of 12, she landed the role of Juliet in Concordia University's production of Romeo and Juliet, having lied about her age. In September 2001, she was flown to Washington D.C to perform at the Pentagon for the WWII Ace Pilots Convention.By the time she graduated, two years early at sixteen with honours, <mask> had been in over 100 dramatic and musical plays. Following graduation, her family moved again, this time to an organic blueberry farm on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. <mask> began to learn how to use the recording studio from the ground up. Over the summer of 2003, <mask> took part in an acting intensive, organized by Canadian casting director Maureen Webb. This workshop led her to sign with her longtime acting manager, Vickie Petronio. Other students included but are not limited to Cory Monteith and Dustin Milligan. Within a half of year of being on the island, <mask> landed a lead role in a teen horror film, Sleepover Nightmare, leading to a move to Los Angeles to pursue acting shortly after turning seventeen.The move ended abruptly when a bout of acid reflux, brought on by an eating disorder, caused her to lose her voice. "For over a year, I could barely talk. It was the hardest year of my life. Everything that I had identified with was gone. I was speechless. Literally," she recalls. During that year, <mask> had dedicated her time to songwriting and mastering the recording studio.When her voice finally returned, she immediately put together a band and recorded her first full-length demo album, "First Flight." Upon its completion, <mask> began promoting local shows in and around Vancouver Island and Vancouver, British Columbia, drawing two hundred plus people. She then recorded her second full-length demo "Drifter," which drew the attention of the media. In the fall of 2005, <mask> performed at a showcase in Vancouver, during which Steve Herman (Live Nation) heard her sing. By December, she was signed by Randy Lennox, to Universal Music Canada. 2006–2012
She began recording her first major label recording, Spring 2006, "Sunseed." Her father, <mask>, co-produced the album, which they recorded on her parent's blueberry farm.Sunseed was released in 2007 with singles ‘What You Want’ and ‘Keep Drivin’ landing in the Canadian Top 40 and on the charts in Japan. In 2008, she won Best Mainstream Artist at The Canadian Radio Music Awards. From 2007 to 2009, <mask> toured internationally with the likes of Jason Mraz, Gavin DeGraw, INXS, The Spice Girls, Feist, Justin Nozuka, The Cat Empire, gaining momentum in Australia, Japan, Canada and Europe. When she wasn't touring, <mask> lived in Perth, Australia surfing and writing music. In 2010, <mask> began recording her sophomore album, featuring guest appearances by G Love and Donavon Frankenreiter, "When the Bird Became A Book," which was released in 2012. The music video for ‘Just Pretend,  directed by Josh Forbes (Sarah Bareilles, The Fray) generating over five million views in three weeks following its release. O'Neill Surf Company sponsored <mask> as a musical ambassador.2012–2016

In 2012, while waiting to begin recording her third album, <mask> moved back to Los Angeles to pursue acting, after several years of focusing solely on music. She signed with Paradigm Agency and began studying acting extensively. In 2013, <mask> moved up to Vancouver, British Columbia for a recurring role on the TV show, Cedar Cove. Her contract with Universal Music ended during this time and she began raising money through Pledge Music to record her next record. Nearing the completion of her record, Mike Rittberg, former GM at Verve Music Group USA, with whom <mask> had been in touch for several years, signed her to his label. In October 2015, <mask> signed the contract and began completing the record. It is tentatively scheduled for release Spring 2017.The highly anticipated album is co-produced by <mask>, horns/strings arranged by Carl Marsh (Stax Volt), recorded at Oceanway Studios in Nashville TN, mixed by Michael Brauer at Electric Lady Studios NYC, and mastered by Joe LaPorta. The masters were delivered in May 2016. Albums

Awards

Acting
Her most recent appearances include Heartbeat (2016), Generation Wolf (2017), Prodigals (2017), Girlfriends Guide to Divorce (2015), Cedar Cove (2012-2015), and Love On The Sidelines (2015). She also did voice and motion-capture acting as leading character Rachel S'Jet in the 2016 game Homeworld: Deserts of Kharak. In 2018, <mask> appeared in the film Deadpool 2 as the wife of Josh Brolin's character Cable. Artistry and activism

<mask> has numerous times cited her admiration for Judy Garland, The Supremes, Ray Charles, and The Beach Boys. <mask> has been a major advocate of oceanic preservation since the beginning of her career.While living in Florida, <mask> performed numerous concerts to benefit The Sea Turtle Preservation. Most recently <mask> contributed to the Surfrider Foundation by collaborating with O'Neill Surf Company to create a charity T-shirt, all proceeds going towards oceanic preservation. In 2010, the song "Not In His Garden," featuring Donavon Frankenreiter, was featured on David Suzuki's "Playlist For the Planet." Additional charity work includes partaking in a documentary for the W Network (CAN), "Making Waves." The film followed her across the country as she interviewed locals who had started non-profits in their cities/towns. During this experience, <mask> wrote and released the song "Lullaby (Change The World)," all proceeds going towards the Canadian-based charity, ChildHaven. While in Los Angeles, <mask> is very active with the non-profit, Musicians On Call, a volunteer based program that brings music to children in hospitals.She has also performed several times in Cocoa Beach at the Slater Brothers (Kelly Slater-World Winning Surfer) Invitational, a benefit to raise awareness of skin cancer. References

External links

Living people
Actresses from Washington, D.C.
Actresses from Vancouver
American women singer-songwriters
American film actresses
American television actresses
Canadian film actresses
Canadian women singer-songwriters
Canadian television actresses
Musicians from Vancouver
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women
Singer-songwriters from Washington, D.C.

masks:
Hayley Sales
Sales
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Richard Sales
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<mask> (born 15 November 1954) is an Australian economist and former Australian Labor Party politician. He served as the Australian House of Representatives Member for the Division of Rankin in Queensland from 1998 until 2013. <mask> also served as Minister for Trade and Competitiveness, Minister for Tertiary Education, Skills, Science and Research and Minister for Competition Policy, Small Business and Consumer Affairs in the Rudd and Gillard Governments. Early life
<mask> was born in Baradine, New South Wales to Ern and <mask>, and raised as a Roman Catholic. He and his late elder brother, Lance, were subjected to physical and emotional abuse from their mother, Marge. He was intensely religious as a child, finding solace from his turbulent home life, recalling that "Catholicism helped me make sense of Mum's volatile behaviour where there was no sense to be made of it." He earned a bursary to attend St Patrick's College, Strathfield.He later attended the University of Sydney, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Economics (Honours) and a Master of Economics. He also holds a Doctor of Philosophy in Economics from the Australian National University. Early career
Early in his career, <mask> variously worked as an economic analyst with the United Nations, an economic adviser to the Minister for Resources and Energy and the Minister for Finance Senator Peter Walsh, an Assistant Secretary of the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, and economic and environmental adviser to Prime Minister Bob Hawke. He became Director-General of the Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage in 1990, where he became embroiled in the Cape Melville affair. He was chief executive officer of the South East Queensland Transit Authority from 1995 to 1996. Following the defeat of the Goss Government in 1996, <mask> set up a small business partnership, Eco Managers, with former economic adviser to Premier Wayne Goss, Raymond Garrand. They advised various clients on electricity supply issues in Queensland and global petroleum companies on energy policy.Parliamentary career
Representing the Australian Labor Party, <mask> was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Member for Rankin at the 1998 federal election. <mask> was appointed Shadow Minister for Innovation, Industry, Trade and Tourism from 2001 to 2003, and then Shadow Minister for Workplace Relations and the Public Service from 2003 to 2004. <mask> was relegated to the backbench following the 2004 Australian federal election, having supported Simon Crean and Mark Latham in leadership ballots against the wishes of his Right faction in Queensland. While on the backbench he wrote a book, Vital Signs, Vibrant Society, proposing new economic and social policies for the Federal Parliamentary Labor Party. Following the election of Kevin Rudd as Leader of the Labor Party and Julia Gillard as Deputy Leader in December 2006, <mask> was appointed Shadow Minister for the Service Economy, Small Business and Independent Contractors. On 3 December 2007, <mask> was named Minister for Small Business, Independent Contractors and the Service Economy and Minister Assisting the Finance Minister on Deregulation in the newly elected Rudd ministry. In June 2009, he was also appointed Minister for Competition Policy and Consumer Affairs.On 14 September 2010, <mask> was appointed the Minister for Trade, expanded to Minister for Trade and Competitiveness in a ministerial reshuffle announced on 2 March 2012. On 28 October 2012, the Gillard Government released a White paper on Australia in the Asian Century Emerson of which <mask> was the architect. <mask> was assigned the role of Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on Asian Century Policy. In March 2013, in a further reshuffle of ministerial responsibilities, <mask> gained an additional portfolio as Minister for Tertiary Education, Skills, Science and Research. However, after a leadership change in the federal Australian Labor Party in June 2013 in which Kevin Rudd took over as prime minister from Gillard, <mask> resigned his ministerial portfolios and said he would not contest his seat at the next election. Following the Australian federal election held a few months later in September 2013, Jim Chalmers took over from <mask> as the MP for the seat of Rankin in Queensland. Post-parliament
After leaving parliament, <mask> established an economic consulting firm, Craig Emerson Economics Pty Ltd. His clients have included Wesfarmers, Coles, AGL Energy, Santos, the BCA, the ACTU and the PNG Government.<mask> is an adviser to KPMG. He was also a regular presenter on Sky News Australia for some years after leaving parliament. In 2014, <mask> was appointed an Adjunct Professor of Victoria University. He was also a member of the CEDA Council on Economic Policy and Chair of the Advisory Board, Centre for Transformative Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology. <mask> was also President of the Australia China Business Council NSW  and a board member of Obesity Australia. In February 2018, <mask>'s memoir, The Boy from Baradine, was published by Scribe Publications. In August 2018, <mask> was involved in public disagreement with Sky News Australia when he resigned in protest as a commentator for the TV network in when Sky News broadcast an interview with the right-wing Australian activist Blair Cottrell.<mask> said that, "My father fought Nazis in World War II and was interred in a German POW camp." Explaining his decision on Twitter, he said that the decision by Sky News to screen the interview with Cottrell was "another step in a journey to normalising racism and bigotry in our country." In November 2018, <mask> was appointed Distinguished Fellow at the Australian National University. In March 2019, <mask> was appointed Director of the Australian APEC Study Centre at RMIT University. <mask> is also chair of the McKell Institute. See also
 First Rudd Ministry
 First Gillard Ministry
 Second Gillard Ministry

References

External links

Official website

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1954 births
Australian Roman Catholics
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
Labor Right politicians
Australian National University alumni
Government ministers of Australia
Living people
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Rankin
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
People educated at St Patrick's College, Strathfield
University of Sydney alumni
21st-century Australian politicians
20th-century Australian politicians

masks:
Craig Anthony Emerson
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Marge Emerson
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<mask> (20 June 1859 – 27 September 1943) was an English first-class cricketer, who played as a wicket-keeper for Middlesex between 1881 and 1883, and for Hampshire from 1891 to 1906, for whom he served as captain for three years from 1900 to 1902. He was also secretary to Southampton Football Club for one season, from 1895 to 1896. Cricket career
<mask> was born at Kilburn, (then in Middlesex) and educated at Bruce Castle School, Tottenham and at Chatham House Grammar School, Ramsgate, and was a member of the cricket eleven at both schools. Middlesex
He made his first appearance for Middlesex against Surrey in May 1881 when he opened the batting in the second innings, scoring 5 and 16*, helping Middlesex to victory by ten wickets. At Middlesex, he was played as a batsman rather than a wicket-keeper, with A J Webbe being the long-established 'keeper. His highest score for Middlesex came shortly after his debut, in the match against Oxford University in June, when he scored 57* in the second innings as Middlesex won by seven wickets. <mask> spent three seasons with Middlesex, during which he played twelve matches, totalling 246 runs at an average of 12.94.Hampshire
In 1891, he made his first appearance for Hampshire, then not ranked as a first-class county. The June 1891 match lasted only two days with Essex winning by an innings and 40 runs, with <mask> contributing 52 runs in his two innings. He soon became the wicket-keeper for Hampshire and was often the opening batsman in partnership with Russell Bencraft. <mask> continued to play for Hampshire after they were re-instated as a First Class county in 1896, and in 1899 was a member of K. S. Ranjitsinhji's side who toured the United States, playing twice against the Gentlemen of Philadelphia as well as three other matches. He was appointed Hampshire's captain in 1900 (taking over from Teddy Wynyard), and marked this by scoring his only century in First Class cricket; this came at Edgbaston in June 1900 when he scored 101 in the second innings against Warwickshire; he shared in a stand of 180 with Edward Sprot for the second wicket in a drawn match. In June 1901, Hampshire were facing almost certain defeat against Lancashire at Aigburth, Liverpool. Hampshire were bowled out in the first innings for only 106, and Lancashire replied with 413–8 declared.When Hampshire opened the second innings, few people thought that Lancashire would need to bat again. J. G. Greig opened the batting and the score had reached 374, with one wicket remaining and Hampshire still seemingly heading for defeat. <mask> came to the wicket as the last batsman in and he and Greig put on an unlikely 113 for the tenth wicket (<mask> 52); Greig's innings was 249*. Lancashire's eventual target was 181 in 140 minutes; they closed at 111 for 5, rain having cut short play by almost an hour. He was a member of Archie MacLaren's touring party to Australia in 1901/02, playing in one match against Victoria in February 1902. For the 1902 season, he passed the Hampshire captaincy to Edward Sprot, but continued to serve Hampshire for a further five seasons, although by 1906 his appearances were rather infrequent. His final match for Hampshire came at Basingstoke in May 1906 against Warwickshire.Southampton St Mary's Football Club
In the spring of 1895, <mask> was appointed secretary to Southampton St Mary's Football Club, then playing in the Southern League. As secretary, he was responsible for signing new players and agreeing player contracts as well as being involved in team selection – the day to day coaching and training of the players was in the hands of the trainer. One of <mask>'s first acts as secretary was to accompany Alfred McMinn, one of the club committee, on a trip to the Potteries to recruit players. McMinn was a native of Staffordshire and was "most persuasive on his home turf". On this trip, <mask> and McMinn signed six players: Jack Farrell, Samuel Meston and Willie Naughton from Stoke, Watty Keay from Derby County, Joe Turner from Dresden United and Alf Wood from Burslem Port Vale, as well as recruiting Stoke's long-serving trainer, Bill Dawson. The Saints committee were anxious to secure their services and signed them before the Football League season was over. Port Vale and Stoke lodged a complaint with the Football Association (FA) about "poaching", and an emergency FA meeting was held at Sheffield, resulting in the Saints being severely censured for negligence.St Mary's were ordered to pay their own costs, plus £4 6s 3d to Stoke and £1 13s to Port Vale. McMinn was suspended for a year and Dawson for a month. Wood's registration with St Mary's was cancelled (shortly afterwards he moved to Stoke). The 1895–96 season was the Saints' second in the Southern League, having finished third in the inaugural season. The team started the season badly, losing the first three matches, which was blamed on the inability of the new players to settle in the area. Eventually, under trainer Dawson's guidance, the team's form improved and there were only three further league defeats and they again finished third behind Millwall Athletic and Luton Town. Top scorer in the league was Jack Farrell with ten goals from his 17 appearances.The highlight of the league season was the visit of Millwall on 21 March 1896 when a crowd of 8,000 saw the Saints defeat the reigning champions 2–0, with goals from <mask> and Joe Turner. The greatest excitement, however, came in the FA Cup, when an away victory over local rivals Freemantle in the First Qualifying Round was followed by comfortable home victories over Marlow (5–0), Reading (3–0) and Uxbridge (3–0). In the First Round proper, the Saints received a home draw against opposition from the Football League First Division for the second consecutive year, this time against The Wednesday. Saints' trainer, Bill Dawson, spent the week leading up to Wednesday's visit with extra training for the players, taking them through their paces on Shawford Down. For the match, played at the Antelope Ground on 1 February 1896, the crowd was estimated at 12,000, by far the largest yet recorded for a football match in Southampton. The Saints had to play their third-choice goalkeeper, Walter Cox as Tom Cain was injured, and the Royal Artillery refused to allow on-loan 'keeper "Gunner" Reilly to play. The Saints took an early lead, through Watty Keay, before two goals from Alec Brady gave Wednesday the half-time lead.Wednesday increased their lead shortly after the break, and although Joe Turner got one back, the Saints were unable to score an equaliser. Wednesday ran out 3–2 winners and went on to win the Cup the following April. At the end of the season, the Saints had to vacate the Antelope Ground, which had been sold for re-development, and moved to the County Ground, partly through the connections of the club's president, <mask>'s former Hampshire strike partner, Dr. H. W. R. Bencraft, who was also Hon. Secretary to the cricket club. During the summer of 1896, <mask> resigned his position as secretary (ready for Hampshire's first season back in the first-class cricket ranks), being replaced by Alfred McMinn (having served his twelve months' suspension), with Mr. E. Arnfield as his assistant. <mask> was one of the founder directors when the football club was incorporated into a limited company, "Southampton Football and Athletic Company Limited" in July 1897; on the Memorandum of Association he was listed as "<mask>, Mineral Water Merchant and Hampshire wicket-keeper" of Hill Lane, Southampton. He remained a director of the company for several years.References

Bibliography

External links

Profile on www.cricinfo.com
Profile on www.cricketarchive.com
Biography

1859 births
1943 deaths
People from Kilburn, London
People educated at Chatham House Grammar School
English cricketers
Middlesex cricketers
Hampshire cricketers
Hampshire cricket captains
English football managers
People educated at Bruce Castle School
Southampton F.C. managers
Gentlemen of the South cricketers
North v South cricketers
Gentlemen cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Gentlemen of England cricketers
London County cricketers
Southern Football League managers
Wicket-keepers

masks:
Charles Robson
Robson
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Charles Baker
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Charles Robson


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<mask>, Comtesse de Voisins  (23 April 1804 – 22 April 1884) was a Swedish-born ballet dancer of the Romantic ballet era partially of Italian descent, a central figure in the history of European dance. She spent most of her life in the Austrian Empire and France. She was one of the most celebrated ballerinas of the romantic ballet, which was cultivated primarily at Her Majesty's Theatre in London and at the Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique of the Paris Opera Ballet. She is credited with (though not confirmed as) being the first ballerina to truly dance en pointe. Early life
<mask> was born in Stockholm, Sweden, to the Italian choreographer <mask> and the Swedish ballet dancer Sophie Karsten, maternal granddaughter of the Swedish opera singer Christoffer Christian Karsten and of the Polish opera singer and actress Sophie Stebnowska. Her brother, Paul (1808–1884), was also a dancer and an influential choreographer; they performed together early in their careers. Marriage
Taglioni was married to Comte Auguste Gilbert de Voisins in 1835, but separated in 1836.She later fell in love with Eugene Desmares, a loyal fan, who had defended her honour in a duel. Desmares and Taglioni gave birth to an (illegitimate) child in 1836. Three years later Desmares died in a hunting accident. In 1842 she gave birth to her second child. It is unknown who the father is even though the birth certificate states the father as Gilbert de Voisins. <mask>'s children's names were Georges Philippe <mask> de Voisins and Eugenie-<mask> Gilbert de Voisins. Training
Taglioni moved to Vienna with her family at a very young age where she began her ballet training under the direction of Jean-Francois Coulon and her father.After Filippo was appointed the ballet master at the court opera in Vienna there was a decision that <mask> would debut in the Habsburg capital. Even though <mask> had trained with Coulon, her technique was not up to the standards that would impress the Viennese audiences. Her father then created a rigorous six-month training regimen for his daughter where she would hold positions for 100 counts. The training was conducted daily and consisted of two hours in the morning with difficult exercises focusing on her legs and two hours in the afternoon focusing on adagio movements that would help her refine poses in ballet. Taglioni had a rounded back that caused her to lean forward and had slightly distorted proportions. She worked hard to disguise her physical limitations by increasing range of motion and developing her strength. Taglioni focused her energy on her shape and form to the audience and less on bravura tricks and pirouettes.In Vienna, <mask> danced her first ballet choreographed by her father titled "La Reception d'une Jeune Nymphe à la Cour de Terpsichore". Career

Before joining the Paris Opéra, Taglioni danced in both Munich and Stuttgart, and at age 23 debuted in another ballet choreographed by her father called "La Sicilien" that jump-started her ballet career. Taglioni rose to fame as a danseuse at the Paris Opéra when her father created the ballet La Sylphide (1832) for her. Designed as a showcase for Taglioni's talent, it was the first ballet where dancing en pointe had an aesthetic rationale and was not merely an acrobatic stunt, often involving ungraceful arm movements and exertions, as had been the approach of dancers in the late 1820s. Pas de Quatre

In 1837 Taglioni left the Ballet of Her Majesty's Theatre to take up a three-year contract in Saint Petersburg with the Imperial Ballet (known today as the Kirov/Mariinsky Ballet). It was in Russia after her last performance in the country (1842) and at the height of the "cult of the ballerina", that a pair of her pointe shoes were sold for two hundred rubles, reportedly to be cooked, served with a sauce and eaten by a group of balletomanes. In July 1845, she danced with Lucile Grahn, Carlotta Grisi, and Fanny Cerrito in Jules Perrot's Pas de Quatre, a ballet representing Taglioni's ethereal qualities that was based on Alfred Edward Chalon’s lithographic prints.Pas de Quatre was originally choreographed to be presented to Queen Victoria, who attended the third performance. Retirement, last years and death
Taglioni retired from performing in 1847; for a time she took up residence at the Ca' d'Oro on the Grand Canal in Venice. When the ballet of the Paris Opéra was reorganized on stricter, more professional lines, she was its guiding spirit. With the director of the new Conservatoire de danse, Lucien Petipa, and Petipa's former pupil, the choreographer Louis Mérante, she figured on the six-member select jury of the first annual competition for the corps de ballet, held on 13 April 1860. Her only choreographic work was Le papillon (1860) for her student Emma Livry, who is remembered for dying in 1863 when her costume was set alight by a gas lamp used for stage lighting. Johann Strauss II composed the "Marie Taglioni Polka" (Op. 173) in honour of <mask>'s niece, <mask> "Paul<mask>, also known as "<mask> the Younger".The two women, having the same name, have often been conflated, or confused with each other. Later in England, she taught social dance and ballroom to children and society ladies in London; she also took a limited number of ballet pupils. She resided at #14 Connaught Square, London from 1875 to 1876. Death
Taglioni died in Marseille on 22 April 1884, the day before her 80th birthday. Her body was moved to Paris. There is some debate over whether she is buried in Montmartre or in Père Lachaise, or if the grave Montmartre site belongs to her mother. The local dancers began leaving their worn pointe shoes on the Montmartre grave as a tribute and thanks to the first pointe dancer.See also
Women in dance

References

Sources

Further reading
Homans, Jennifer. Apollo's Angels: A History of Ballet, Random House, 2010. Madison U. Sowell, Debra H. Sowell, Francesca Falcone, Patrizia Veroli, Icônes du ballet romantique. <mask>i et sa famille, Gremese, 2016. <mask>, Souvenirs. Le manuscrit inédit de la grande danseuse romantique, édition établie, présentée et annotée par Bruno Ligore, Gremese, 2017. External links

 <mask> (1804–1884): A life on toe tip (web presentation of the Taglioni collection in the Netherlands Music Institute)

1804 births
1884 deaths
Ballet teachers
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Italian ballerinas
French countesses
Paris Opera Ballet étoiles
Prima ballerinas
Swedish ballerinas
Swedish people of Italian descent
Swedish people of Polish descent
Swedish emigrants to the Austrian Empire
Expatriates of the Austrian Empire in France
19th-century Swedish ballet dancers

masks:
Marie Taglioni
Taglioni
Filippo Taglioni
Taglioni
Marie Gilbert
Marie Edwige
Marie
Marie
Marie
Marie Taglioni
Marie
" Taglioni
Marie
Marie Taglion
Marie Taglioni
Marie Taglioni


texts:
<mask> (born 1 June 1986) is a New Zealand rugby union player, currently playing for the Kobelco Steelers. He formerly played for the  in the Super Rugby competition and for  in the ITM Cup. <mask> made his international debut for New Zealand in 2009, playing 84 tests from then until the 2019 Rugby World Cup. He was a key member of the 2015 Rugby World Cup-winning team. <mask> was vice-captain of the All Blacks from 2016 to 2017 and captained the team once, against Samoa in 2017. He scored 39 tries for New Zealand throughout his international career, placing him amongst the all-time leading try scorers. He normally plays as an outside back, but has also previously played as a centre and halfback.Playing career

Provincial rugby
Born in Dunedin and educated at King's High School, <mask> progressed through the junior ranks in the city at his beloved Green Island Rugby Club (The Grizzlies) before making his Air New Zealand Cup debut in 2008. He was one of the break-out stars of the 2009 Air New Zealand Cup, scoring six tries for Otago on route earning a year-end selection for the New Zealand national team (All Blacks). In the 2010 ITM Cup, however, he struggled to make the same impact as Otago endured a nightmare season and bottom-of-the-table finish, while <mask> missed several matches while at the Commonwealth Games in India. Super Rugby
<mask> was selected to the  squad for the 2009 Super 14 season
In 2010, <mask> started every Highlander game, and scored two tries for the season. He played mainly on the wing, and earned one start at fullback while Israel Dagg was out injured. Shifted back to his preferred position of fullback for the 2011 Super Rugby season, earned praise from coach Jamie Joseph and consideration for another All Blacks callup. He started every Highlander game for the third season running and added another two tries to his career total.In 2013 he continued as Highlanders fullback and was selected for the All Blacks to play on the wing against France. On 5 December 2013, <mask> won the Super Rugby Player of the Year award for the 2013 Super Rugby season. In May 2015 <mask> played his 100th Super Rugby game against the Western Force. In 2017, <mask> played his 127th game for the Highlanders in their Round 15 22–25 loss to the Crusaders, equalling Anton Oliver's record for the most capped Highlander ever. Unfortunately, <mask> was taken off the field early in the second half for a concussion test- which was failed, after tripping over All Blacks teammate Ryan Crotty. International

Early career
In 2009 <mask> was included in the 33-member All Blacks squad for the 2009 Autumn Internationals, ahead of veteran All Black winger Joe Rokocoko. <mask> made his test debut for the All Blacks against Italy on 14 November 2009 at the San Siro, Milan, which the All Blacks won 20–6.He scored his first All Blacks try against the Barbarians in the last game of the tour which the Barbarians ran out winners 25–18 at Twickenham, London, on 5 December 2009. <mask> did not figure into All Black squads in 2010, but was selected for the rugby sevens squad which competed at the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, India, where he helped New Zealand to a gold medal finish. 2012–2013
<mask> made ten test appearances for the All Blacks in 2012, eight of which were off the bench. In June 2013, he played & featured in all 3 games against France in the French NZ Tour Series, on the right wing, with veteran Cory Jane ruled out due to injury. In the first game of the 3 Test Series at Auckland's Eden Park, he set up a try to <mask> (in the 32nd minute) and was awarded man-of-the-match award. In the second game on 15 June at Christchurch's Rugby League Park, he scored a try in the 48th minute of the game. The final game of 3 Test Series, he again scored another in the 35th minute at New Plymouth's Yarrow Stadium.<mask> would also form what would be a long-standing combination with fullback Israel Dagg during this series. In August 2013, during the 2013 Rugby Championship, <mask> scored 3 tries in the All Blacks 47–29 win against the Wallabies at Sydney's ANZ Stadium. The following week when the All Blacks faced the Wallabies at Wellington's Westpac Stadium, he scored 2 tries to help New Zealand win 27–16 and to retain the Bledisloe Cup. In September 2013, <mask> scored 2 tries to help the All Blacks win 33–15 against Argentina in La Plata. In October 2013 following the close of the Rugby Championships, <mask> was awarded with the record for the most tries in a Rugby Championship/Tri Nations series, scoring 8 tries in 6 matches. <mask> continued this form into the end-of-year tests, scoring his eleventh test try of 2013 against Japan on 2 November that year, during a 54–6 win over the Japanese. 2014–2015
In 2014 <mask> was named in the mid-year three-test series against England.<mask> started on the right wing for the first test on 7 June 2014, in combination with Julian Savea on the left wing and Israel Dagg at fullback. Dagg was subbed off in the 54th minute due to injury, leaving <mask> to start at fullback in the second test on 14 June 2014. <mask> won Man of the Match in the second test of the series, a narrow 28–27 win, performing a try-saving tackle on English winger Manu Tuilagi and scoring a try in the 43rd minute. <mask> started at fullback in six of his 12 appearances for the All Blacks in 2014, with Dagg struggling with persistent injury. On 30 August 2015, he was named as one of the 31 members of the New Zealand Rugby World Cup team. <mask> was the only fullback selected in the squad, with Cory Jane and Israel Dagg dismissed for <mask>'s Highlanders team-mate Waisake Naholo. <mask> played in all seven of New Zealand's games at the 2015 Rugby World Cup, starting as fullback in all but one match (against Namibia, where he was substituted on for Colin Slade).He scored two tries in the competition, one against Namibia in their second pool match, and one against Tonga in their final pool game. He was awarded Man of the Match for his efforts in the semi-final against South Africa, which was won by a narrow 20–18. In the final against Australia, he was yellow carded for a tip tackle, becoming the first player to receive a card in a Rugby World Cup Final. He returned to the pitch to help the All Blacks to a 34–17 victory, setting up replacement back Beauden Barrett for a try as the All Blacks became the first team ever to take back-to-back titles, as well as the first to win three Rugby World Cups. 2016
In 2016, after the international or complete retirements of All Black captain Richie McCaw, Dan Carter, Tony Woodcock, Keven Mealamu, All Blacks vice-captain <mask> and Ma'a Nonu, <mask> was named as the vice-captain of the All Blacks by Head Coach Steve Hansen, with number 8 Kieran Read succeeding Richie McCaw as captain. <mask> started his role as vice-captain on 11 June 2016 when the All Blacks beat Wales 39–21 in the first of the three-test series between the two countries. <mask> was named as Man of the Match for the first test of the series and was not subbed off.<mask> was shifted to right wing for the second test against Wales to accommodate for Israel Dagg who had returned from injury. The second test, a 36–22 win on 18 June 2016, was both <mask> and Dagg's 50th test, with both players scoring tries. <mask> was errorless in the second test with the exception of letting in Welsh lock Alun Wyn Jones in for a try, but did not win Man of the Match for the second week in a row, conceding the award to Dagg. <mask> scored the opening try of the third test on 25 June 2016 and finished the series without being subbed off from the field, with the All Blacks thrashing Wales 46–6 to end the series. <mask> was moved back for fullback for the second round of the 2016 Rugby Championship with Dagg as the right wing. This would become the re-established combination between the two players, with <mask> cementing his spot as the All Blacks' first-choice fullback. Those two players ended up finishing as highest try scorers in the competition, both having scored 5 tries across the 6 matches of the competition each.<mask>'s most notable involvement in the competition was on 10 September 2016 where he scored two tries against Argentina during a 57–22 win. <mask> was not subbed off during the Rugby Championship, but the performances of himself and Dagg were overshadowed by that of Beauden Barrett, the new first-choice first-five-eighth for the All Blacks, who scored 81 points in the competition. During the 2016 game vs Ireland in Dublin, <mask> provided cover at halfback while <mask> was sin binned in the first half of the match. <mask> was injured with a broken finger towards the end of the match, ending his international year as he was replaced by winger Waisake Naholo. <mask> scored 8 tries throughout 2016, third-to-highest for the All Blacks behind new fly-half Beauden Barrett and Israel Dagg (the highest two international scorers for the year). 2017
<mask> became the 68th captain of the All Blacks in the absence of Kieran Read, on 16 June 2017, as he recovered from a concussion sustained during Super Rugby to lead the All Blacks out against Samoa at Eden Park, as a warm-up for the three-test series against the touring British & Irish Lions team. <mask> was subbed off for debutant Jordie Barrett in the 63rd minute, with lock Brodie Retallick taking over as captain for the rest of the test, which ended as a 78–0 win over Samoa.<mask> was named to start at fullback in the first test of the historic series against the Lions on 24 June 2017, but only lasted 21 minutes before receiving what was at the time, thought to have been his third concussion sustained in the space of three months. <mask> was replaced by veteran first-five Aaron Cruden, with Beauden Barrett shifting to fullback and Israel Dagg staying on the right wing as the All Blacks beat the Lions 30-15 without <mask> on the field. This test would be <mask>'s only ever fixture against the Lions, with Waisake Naholo, Jordie Barrett and Julian Savea deputising for him in the second and third tests. <mask> was sorely missed during the series, as the Lions broke a number of records to draw the series 1–1 with the All Blacks. After confirming that his vertigo was not a sign of concussion symptoms and instead caused by an inner ear infection, <mask> announced that he would take a sabbatical from all forms of rugby following the second Bledisloe Cup test of 2017. <mask> was named in the All Blacks squad for the 2017 Rugby Championship, but would begin his sabattical after the second Bledisloe Cup test. <mask> scored tries in both Bledisloe Cup tests against the Wallabies during the Rugby Championship, making yet another career milestone from the right wing (rookie Damian McKenzie was used at fullback), as <mask> scored his 30th try for the All Blacks in the second test on 26 August 2017, which the All Blacks won 35–29.His sabattical started following the conclusion of this test, with Beauden Barrett named as All Blacks vice-captain in <mask>'s absence. 2018–2019
<mask> made his return to international rugby after the 2018 Super Rugby season, scoring four tries from 12 tests in the 2018 season. <mask> scored his 30th try for New Zealand on 9 June, in a 52–11 win over France, placing him amongst the all-time top try-scorers internationally. Having played many 2018 tests on the right wing, <mask> was again shifted back to his preferred position at fullback for New Zealand's opening test of 2019, a 20–16 win against Argentina, with Damian McKenzie not considered for selection due to injury. <mask> started at fullback in the other two tests of the 2019 Rugby Championship, but <mask>'s poor performance in the first Bledisloe Cup test, saw New Zealand lose to Australia in a record 26–47 defeat, having already lost Scott Barrett to a red card. In the second Bledisloe Cup test for 2019, <mask>, as well as fellow poor-performing veterans, Owen Franks and Rieko Ioane, were axed from the match-day 23 altogether, with Beauden Barrett supplanting <mask> as New Zealand's first-choice fullback, while rookie wingers, George Bridge and Sevu Reece, picked to start. Although Barrett had overtaken <mask> in the pecking order, <mask> was picked to start in his final home game in New Zealand, a 92–7 win over Tonga, scoring two tries in the game, having a far better performance.Although there were calls from the media for <mask> to be dropped, he was named for his second World Cup, having been picked by All Black Head Coach, Steve Hansen, as one of 31 players in New Zealand's squad for the 2019 Rugby World Cup. He played in all three tests during the pool stages of the World Cup, two as a replacement off the bench and starting at fullback against Namibia in a 71–9 victory, scoring two tries in the process of that victory. <mask> was not selected for the World Cup quarter-final win against Ireland, or the semi-final loss to England, having been surpassed by Sevu Reece and Beauden Barrett. With New Zealand's loss in the semi-final eliminating the team from the competition, Hansen chose to give <mask>, as well as fellow retiring players, Kieran Read, Matt Todd, Sonny Bill Williams and Ryan Crotty their final test, in the Bronze Final against Wales. <mask> had a standout performance, including two tries, against Wales, with New Zealand beating them 40–17, claiming third place in the 2019 World Cup. International tries

Awards and honours

Super Rugby
 Super Rugby Centurion
 Super Rugby Champion - 2015

International rugby

Rugby World Cup / Webb Ellis Cup
Winners: 2015
The Rugby Championship
Winners: 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2018
Runners-up: 2015
Bledisloe Cup
Winners: 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019
Dave Gallaher Trophy
Winners: 2013 (2x), 2016, 2018
Freedom Cup
Winners: 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019
Killik Cup
Winners: 2009

Hillary Shield
Winners: 2013, 2014 (2x), 2018
British & Irish Lions series
Winners: 2017 (drawn series – shared title)
World Rugby Player of the Year
Nominated: 2013
World Rugby Team of the Year (New Zealand)
Winners: 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017
Laureus Team of the Year (New Zealand)
Winners: 2016

Personal life
<mask> married Katie Menzies in 2015. Their daughter was born that year and their second child, son Walter was born on 9 March 2017 while <mask> was out injured with concussion.References

External links
 Highlanders profile

 ESPN Profile

Rugby union wings
Rugby union fullbacks
New Zealand rugby union players
Living people
1986 births
New Zealand international rugby union players
Highlanders (rugby union) players
Otago rugby union players
Rugby union players from Dunedin
New Zealand international rugby sevens players
People educated at King's High School, Dunedin
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games rugby sevens players of New Zealand
Rugby sevens players at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games medallists in rugby sevens
Section Paloise players
Kobelco Kobe Steelers players

masks:
Benjamin Robert Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Aaron Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Conrad Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Ben Smith
Aaron Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith


texts:
<mask> (November 14, 1882 – October 4, 1974) was an American mathematician who taught for many years at the University of Texas. He is known for his work in general topology, for  the <mask> method of teaching university mathematics, and for his racist treatment of African-American mathematics students. Life
Although <mask>'s father was reared in New England and was of New England ancestry, he fought in the American Civil War on the side of the Confederacy. After the war, he ran a hardware store in Dallas, then little more than a railway stop, and raised six children, of whom <mask>, named after the commander of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, was the fifth. <mask> entered the University of Texas at the unusually youthful age of 15, in 1898, already knowing calculus thanks to self-study. He completed the B.Sc. in three years instead of the usual four; his teachers included G. B. Halsted and L. E. Dickson.After a year as a teaching fellow at Texas, he taught high school for a year in Marshall, Texas. An assignment of Halsted's led <mask> to prove that one of Hilbert's axioms for geometry was redundant. When E. H<mask> (no relation), who headed the Department of Mathematics at the University of Chicago, and whose research interests were on the foundations of geometry, heard of <mask>'s feat, he arranged for a scholarship that would allow <mask> to study for a doctorate at Chicago. Oswald Veblen supervised <mask>'s 1905 thesis, titled Sets of Metrical Hypotheses for Geometry. <mask> then taught one year at the University of Tennessee, two years at Princeton University, and three years at Northwestern University. In 1910, he married Margaret MacLelland Key of Brenham, Texas; they had no children. In 1911, he took up a position at the University of Pennsylvania.In 1920, <mask> returned to the University of Texas at Austin as an associate professor and was promoted to full professor three years later. In 1951, he went on half pay but continued to teach five classes a year, including a section of freshman calculus, until the University authorities forced his definitive retirement in 1969, his 87th year. In 1973, the University of Texas honored him by giving the name Moore Hall to a new building housing the physics, mathematics, and astronomy departments. Because of <mask>'s racism, in one of the changes following the George Floyd protests the University changed the name to Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy Building. A strong supporter of the American Mathematical Society, he presided over it, 1936–38. He edited its Colloquium Publications, 1929–33, and was the editor-in-chief, 1930–33. In 1931, he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.Topologist
According to the bibliography in Wilder (1976), <mask> published 67 papers and one monograph, his 1932 Foundations of Point Set Theory. He is primarily remembered for his work on the foundations of topology, a topic he first touched on in his Ph.D. thesis. By the time <mask> returned to the University of Texas, he had published 17 papers on point-set topology—a term he coined—including his 1915 paper "On a set of postulates which suffice to define a number-plane", giving an axiom system for plane topology. The Moore plane, <mask>'s road space, <mask> space,  and the normal Moore space conjecture are named in his honor. Unusual teacher
<mask> <mask> is known to have supervised 50 doctoral dissertations, almost all at Texas, including those of R. H. Bing,  F. Burton Jones, John R. Kline, Edwin Evariste Moise, Mary Ellen Rudin, Gordon Whyburn, Richard Davis Anderson, and Raymond Louis Wilder. <mask> has been described as having been one of the most charismatic and inspiring university teachers of mathematics ever active in the United States. Accounts have been given of his ability to teach students who had never previously distinguished themselves in mathematics how to do proofs.He went out of his way to teach elementary and service courses every year, and actually forbade his pre-doctoral level students from consulting the mathematical literature. It was while attending lectures at the University of Chicago that <mask> first hit on his original teaching methods. Finding these lectures rather boring, even mind dulling, he would liven up a lecture by running a race in his mind with the lecturer, by trying to discover the proof of an announced theorem before the lecturer had finished his presentation. <mask> often won this silent race, and when he did not, he felt that he was better off from having made the attempt. It was at the University of Pennsylvania, while teaching a course on the foundations of geometry, that <mask> first tried out the teaching methods that came to be known as the <mask> method. The success of this method led others to adopt it and similar methods. Racism
<mask>'s record as a teacher of mathematics has been tarnished by his racism towards black students.Most of <mask>'s career was spent in a racially segregated part of the United States. African-American students were prohibited from even enrolling at the University of Texas until the late 1950s,
and <mask> himself was strongly in favor of segregation. After the University of Texas began admitting African-American students, he refused to allow them into his classes,
even for mathematics graduate students such as Vivienne Malone-Mayes. He told another African-American mathematics student, Walker E. Hunt, "you are welcome
to take my course but you start with a C and can only go down from there". On one occasion he walked out of a talk by a student, his academic grandchild, after discovering that the speaker was African-American. <mask> was also known for repeatedly claiming that female students were inferior to male students, and, though "less pronounced than his racism", for his antisemitism. However, while <mask>'s racism is confirmed by several first-hand accounts of his refusal to teach African-American students, the often-repeated description of him as a misogynist and antisemite is based largely on his oral remarks.Some of the sources reporting these remarks, such as Mary Ellen Rudin, also point out that in fact he encouraged females who showed mathematical talent and that he had Jewish students, such as Edwin E. Moise (who was asked about <mask>'s anti-Semitic reputation in an interview) and Martin Ettlinger, and close colleagues, such as Hyman J. Ettlinger. His encouragement of Rudin and other white female students is documented and between 1949 and 1970 (the earliest period when national data are known) 4 of <mask>'s 31 doctoral students (13%) were female, while nationally 175 were female out of 2646 doctoral graduates in mathematics and statistics (7%). Honors
 The <mask> Lee <mask> Hall, a classroom building at the University of Texas, was named after <mask> from its construction in 1972–2020. In 2020, following complaints and petitions in 2019 and then the 2020 George Floyd protests and Black Lives Matter movement, it was renamed to the "Physics, Math and Astronomy Building". Quotations
"That student is taught the best who is told the least." <mask>, quote in Parker (2005: vii). "I hear, I forget.I see, I remember. I do, I understand." (Chinese proverb that was a favorite of <mask>'s. Quoted in Halmos, P.R. (1985) I want to be a mathematician: an automathography. Springer-Verlag: 258)

Notes

References
Jones, F. Burton, 1997, "The Beginning of Topology in the United States and the Moore School" in C. E. Aull and R. Louwen, eds., Handbook of the History of General Topology, Vol. 1.Kluwer: 97–103. Lewis, Albert C., 1990, "R. L<mask>" in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 18. Charles Scribner's Sons: 651–53. <mask>, R. L., 1970 (1932). Foundations of Point Set Theory. Vol.13 of the AMS Colloquium Publications. American Mathematical Society. Wilder, R. L., 1976, "<mask> <mask> 1882–1974," Bulletin of the AMS 82: 417–27. Includes a complete bibliography of <mask>''s writings. Further reading
  Biography, with extensive list of academic descendants of R. L<mask> and their publications. External links

 The Legacy of <mask> <mask> Project. Links to biographical material and the <mask> method.1882 births
1974 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Northwestern University faculty
People from Dallas
Presidents of the American Mathematical Society
Princeton University faculty
Topologists
University of Chicago alumni
University of Pennsylvania faculty
University of Texas at Austin College of Natural Sciences alumni
University of Texas at Austin faculty
Mathematicians from Texas
American white supremacists

masks:
Robert Lee Moore
Moore
Moore
Robert
Moore
Moore
. Moore
Robert
Robert
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Robert Lee
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
Robert
Moore
Moore
Moore
Moore
. Moore
Moore
Robert Lee
Moore
Moore
. Moore
Robert Lee
Moore
Moore