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<mask> (born Lucia Carter; 1851 – March 7, 1942) was an American labor organizer, radical socialist and anarcho-communist. She is remembered as a powerful orator. <mask> entered the radical movement following her marriage to newspaper editor <mask> and moved with him from Texas to Chicago, where she contributed to the newspaper he famously edited The Alarm. Following her husband's 1887 execution in conjunction with the Haymarket affair, <mask> remained a leading American radical activist, as a founder of the Industrial Workers of the World and member of other political organizations. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born Lucia Carter in Virginia in 1851. Her mother, Charlotte, was an African-American woman enslaved by a white man named Tolliver, who may have been <mask>'s father. In 1863, during the Civil War, Tolliver relocated to Waco, Texas with his slaves, dodging the enforcement of the Emancipation Proclamation that set January 1st, 1863 as the date all enslaved people would be free.Little is known about her life following the move to Texas. She worked as a seamstress and a cook for white families. <mask> lived with or was married to a former slave, Oliver Gathing, for a time prior to 1870. During this relationship, she had an infant which died at birth. In 1871, she married <mask>, a former Confederate soldier. They were forced to flee north from Texas in 1873 due to intolerant reactions to their interracial marriage. During the journey, <mask> altered her first name to <mask>.The couple settled in Chicago, Illinois. Organizing

Described by the Chicago Police Department as "more dangerous than a thousand rioters" in the 1920s, <mask> and her husband had become highly effective anarchist organizers primarily involved in the labor movement in the late 19th century, but also participating in revolutionary activism on behalf of political prisoners, people of color, the homeless and women. She began writing for The Socialist and The Alarm, the journal of the International Working People's Association (IWPA) that she and <mask>, among others, founded in 1883. <mask> worked closely with her friend and collaborator Lizzie Holmes in the early years of the 1880s, and the two of them led marches of working seamstresses in Chicago. In 1886 her husband, who had been heavily involved in campaigning for the eight-hour day, was arrested, tried, and executed on November 11, 1887, by the state of Illinois on charges that he had conspired in the Haymarket Riot — an event which was widely regarded as a political frame-up and which marked the beginning of May Day labor rallies in protest. <mask> was invited to write for the French anarchist journal Les Temps Nouveaux and spoke alongside William Morris and Peter Kropotkin during a visit to Great Britain in 1888. In 1892 she briefly published a periodical, Freedom: A Revolutionary Anarchist-Communist Monthly.She was often arrested for giving public speeches or distributing anarchist literature. While she continued championing the anarchist cause, she came into ideological conflict with some of her contemporaries, including Emma Goldman, over her focus on class politics over gender and sexual struggles. In 1905 she participated in the founding of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and began editing the Liberator, an anarchist newspaper that supported the IWW in Chicago. <mask>'s focus shifted somewhat to class struggles around poverty and unemployment, and she organized the Chicago Hunger Demonstrations in January 1915, which pushed the American Federation of Labor, the Socialist Party, and Jane Addams' Hull House to participate in a huge demonstration on February 12. <mask> was also quoted as saying: "My conception of the strike of the future is not to strike and go out and starve, but to strike and remain in, and take possession of the necessary property of production." <mask> anticipated the sit-down strikes in the US and, later, workers' factory takeovers in Argentina. In 1925 she began working with the National Committee of the International Labor Defense in 1927, a communist-led organization that defended labor activists and unjustly-accused African Americans such as the Scottsboro Nine and Angelo Herndon.While it is commonly accepted by nearly all biographical accounts (including those of the Lucy Parsons Center, the IWW, and Joe Knowles) that <mask> joined the Communist Party in 1939, there is some dispute, notably in Gale Ahrens' essay "<mask>: Mystery Revolutionist, More Dangerous Than A Thousand Rioters". Ahrens points out that the obituary the Communist Party had published on her death made no claim that she had been a member. Conflict with Emma Goldman
Emma Goldman and <mask> represented different generations of anarchism. This resulted in ideological and personal conflict. Carolyn Ashbaugh has explained their disagreements in depth:

In 1908, after Captain Mahoney (of the New York City Police Department) crashed one of Goldman's lectures in Chicago, newspaper headlines read that every popular anarchist had been present for the spectacle, "with the single exception of <mask>, with whom Emma Goldman is not on the best of terms." Goldman reciprocated <mask>'s absence by endorsing Frank Harris' book The Bomb, which was a largely fictional account of the Haymarket Affair and its martyrs' road to death. (<mask> had published The Famous Speeches of the Haymarket Martyrs, a non-fictional, first-hand recounting of the Haymarket martyrs' final speeches in court.)<mask> was solely dedicated to working class liberation, condemning Goldman for "addressing large middle-class audiences"; Goldman accused <mask> of riding upon the cape of her husband's martyrdom. "[N]o doubt," Candace Falk wrote (Love, Anarchy, and Emma Goldman), "there was an undercurrent of competitiveness between the two women. Emma generally preferred center stage." Goldman planned on preserving her place in the spotlight as an American anarchist laureate by shoving risqué sexual and kinship discourse into "the center of a perennial debate among anarchists about the relative importance of such personal issues". In The Firebrand, <mask> wrote, "Mr. [Oscar] Rotter [a free love advocate] attempts to dig up the hideous 'Variety' grub and bind it to the beautiful unfolding blossom of labor's emancipation from wage-slavery and call them one and the same. Variety in sex relations and economic freedom have nothing in common." Goldman responded:

<mask> responded: "The line will be drawn sharply at personalities as we know these enlighten no one and do infinitely more harm than good."Goldman, in her autobiography, Living My Life, briefly mentioned the presence of "Mrs. <mask>, widow of our martyred <mask>", at a Chicago labor convention, noting that she "took an active part in the proceedings". Goldman later would acknowledge <mask> for becoming a socialist and anarchist, proceeding to praise him for having "married a young mulatto"; there was no further mention of <mask>. Death

<mask> continued to give fiery speeches in Chicago's Bughouse Square into her 80s, where she inspired Studs Terkel. One of her last major appearances was a speech to striking workers at International Harvester (the successor to the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, whose striking workers played a role in the Haymarket Affair) in February 1941. <mask> died on March 7, 1942, in a house fire in the Avondale Community Area of Chicago. Her lover, George Markstall, died the next day from injuries he received while trying to save her. She was approximately 91 years old.After her death, police seized her library of over 1,500 books. She is buried near her husband at Waldheim Cemetery (now Forest Home Cemetery), near the Haymarket Martyrs' Monument in Forest Park, Illinois. Origins and ethnicity
<mask> refused to speak about her private life or origins. When asked for details about her history, she declared "I am not a candidate for office, and the public have no right to my past. I amount to nothing to the world and people care nothing of me. I am battling for a principle." This stance has made research into her origins difficult for historians.<mask> specifically denied that she was a child of a former slave of African descent, claiming that she was born in Texas and her parents were Mexican and Native American. She described herself as a “Spanish-Indian maiden” to explain her dark complexion. These personal myths persisted after her death: on her death certificate, her parents' names were listed as Pedro Díaz and Marites González, both born in Mexico. Legacy, tributes and memorials

The Lucy Parsons Center was founded in 1970 in Boston, Massachusetts. It continues as a collectively-run radical bookstore and infoshop. In the 1990s, a local Chicago artist installed a memorial to <mask> in Wicker Park. In 2004, the city of Chicago named a park for <mask>.On July 16, 2007, a book that purportedly belonged to <mask> was featured on a segment of the PBS television series, History Detectives. During the segment it was determined that the book, which was a biography of <mask>' co-defendant August Spies' life and trial, was most likely a copy published and sold by <mask> as a means of raising money to prevent her husband's execution. The segment also provided background on <mask>' life and the Haymarket Affair. On October 15, 2015, a copy of William Morris's Signs of Change: Seven Lectures Delivered on Various Occasions was sold at auction in England. It was inscribed "To <mask> <mask> from William Morris November 15, 1888", bore a "Property of Federal Bureau of Investigation US Department of Justice" stamp, and a "Surplus Library of Congress Duplicate" stamp; some of its pages showed traces of smoke damage. In 2016, The Nation magazine released free and online a short film by animator Kelly Gallagher about <mask>, "More Dangerous Than a Thousand Rioters: The Revolutionary Life of <mask>." The organization Lucy Parsons Labs is a Chicago-based organization focused on digital rights and on-the-streets activism.In 2016 the organization released documents tracking the Chicago Police Department's use of cell-site simulators that connect to passer-by cellphones and store data for potential law enforcement use. References

Works
 "A Word to Tramps," The Alarm, vol. 1, no. 1 (October 4, 1884), p. 1. "An Interview With <mask> on the Prospects for Anarchism in America," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, vol. 37, no. 95 (October 21, 1886), p. 4.Further reading
 Carolyn Ashbaugh, <mask>: American Revolutionary. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr Publishing Co., 1976. Paul Avrich, The Haymarket Tragedy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984. Gale Ahrens, <mask>: Freedom, Equality, & Solidarity, Writings and Speeches, 1878-1937. Charles H. Kerr Publishing. 2003.Paul Buhle and Nicole Schulman, Wobblies! A Graphic History of the Industrial Workers of the World. New York: Verso, 2005. Jacqueline Jones, Goddess of Anarchy: The Life and Times of <mask>, American Radical. New York: Basic Books, 2017. Dave Roediger and Franklin Rosemont (eds. ), A Haymarket Scrapbook.Chicago: Charles H. Kerr Publishing Co., 1986. Keith Rosenthal, "<mask>: 'More Dangerous Than a Thousand Rioters'", Joan of Mark, September 6, 2011. "<mask> Is Burned to Death in Chicago; Husband Was Hanged After Haymarket Riot", the New York Times, March 8, 1942, p. 36. External links

 The Lucy Parsons Center, a radical bookstore in Boston, Massachusetts

Carolyn Ashbaugh Research Papers at the Newberry Library
Lucy Parsons Labs, a Chicago-based digital rights organization

1850s births
1942 deaths
19th-century African-American activists
20th-century African-American activists
20th-century American women writers
Accidental deaths in Illinois
Activists from Chicago
African-American anarchists
African-American communists
American anti-capitalists
American anti-fascists
American socialists
American women activists
American women journalists
Anarcha-feminists
Anarcho-communists
Burials at Forest Home Cemetery, Chicago
Communist women writers
Deaths from fire in the United States
Industrial Workers of the World leaders
Industrial Workers of the World members
Leaders of American trade unions
People from Chicago
Year of birth uncertain
American revolutionaries
American communists
Members of the Communist Party USA

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<mask> (born May 7, 1992) is an American professional tennis player. <mask> has won one career ATP title in singles at the 2017 Memphis Open to go along with four in doubles, including the 2017 French Open. Before turning 16, <mask> was regarded a prodigy after cracking the top 10 in the junior rankings and becoming one of the youngest players ever to win an ATP match. Although he broke through onto the ATP level by the age of 20, <mask> then fell out of the top 100 for several years. He since returned to the top 100 in 2016 after a strong second half of the season that included multiple wins over opponents ranked in the top 20 and his first career appearance in the round of 32 at a Grand Slam. <mask> built on that momentum in 2017 to reach a top-40 career high ranking in singles after winning his first career ATP title. Personal life
<mask> began playing tennis at age 2 and was coached by his father, <mask>, who had a brief career as a professional, playing predominantly Challenger and Futures events.<mask> is an alumnus of IMG Academy and is currently coached by USTA. He is currently signed with IMG Academy. <mask> has a younger brother named Christian who currently plays tennis on ATP Challenger Tour. Christian joined <mask> to play doubles together at the 2012 US Open, where they reached the quarterfinals. He also has a younger sister named Madison who played at Mississippi State University. On March 5, 2016, <mask> announced his engagement to Lauren McHale, the sister of fellow tennis player Christina McHale. <mask> married Lauren McHale in April of the following year in Austin, Texas.Controversial comments
During competition in the 2018 New York Open, <mask> was charged by competitor Donald Young with making racist comments during their match. After an investigation, the ATP found no evidence that racist comments had been made. Junior career
As a junior, <mask> compiled a 60–24 win/loss record in singles, reaching as high as No. 7 in the world (achieved in April 2008). Junior Slam results:

Australian Open: SF (2008)
French Open: 3R (2008)
Wimbledon: 2R (2008)
US Open: 3R (2008)

Before he went to the junior circuit, <mask> trained at the John Newcombe Tennis Ranch in New Braunfels, TX. His first junior Grand Slam was the 2007 US Open, where as a wildcard, at the age of 15, he lost in the first round to a qualifier. Going into the next Grand Slam, the 2008 Australian Open, he was seeded fourth, and lost to Yang Tsung-hua in the semifinals.<mask> failed to produce in the next three Grand Slams, losing in the third round of the 2008 French Open, the second round in 2008 Wimbledon, and the third round in the 2008 US Open, a competition in which his younger brother Christian also competed. Although at this point <mask> was only 16, and as such was eligible to play juniors for another two years, it would be his final junior Grand slam. Tennis career

2007-2008: Early years
<mask> is notable for being the third-youngest player since 1990, after Richard Gasquet and Rafael Nadal, to have won an ATP level match, defeating world no. 130 Pablo Cuevas in the 2008 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships. Entering the tournament as a qualifier ranked no. 1000, he was only the tenth player in the history of the ATP Tour to have won a match before turning 16. This puts <mask> among an elite group and makes him the youngest American to accomplish this feat since Michael Chang.<mask> played mainly futures tournaments in order to increase his ranking. <mask> competed in the qualifying tournament for the 2008 Cincinnati Masters, and the 2008 US Open, but lost in the first round in both. <mask> would finish 2008 ranked no. 742 in singles. 2009
<mask> did not compete in any tournaments until late April in 2009. As a wildcard, he made it to the quarterfinals of a Challenger tournament in Sarasota. In June, <mask> would win his first futures title, defeating another rising star Filip Krajinović in the final.Having not defended the points from the Clay Court Championships, these points took <mask>'s ranking to 706. <mask> would again try his luck in both the Cincinnati and US Open qualifying, and once again lost in the first round in both. After this, <mask> went to two consecutive Futures finals, losing the first to Michael McClune, and winning the second against Richard Bloomfield. This would put <mask>'s ranking at 371 in the world. Directly after that final, <mask> made it to the semifinals of a Challenger tournament in Sacramento, losing to Jesse Levine. <mask> finished the year ranked no. 364.2010
<mask> played in a playoff against other Americans to decide who would receive America's wildcard into the 2010 Australian Open. <mask> defeated Alex Kuznetsov and Donald Young in two sets before defeating Jesse Levine in three straight sets. Once in the draw, <mask> lost in the first round to Janko Tipsarević in straight sets. At this point, <mask> began competing in some bigger tournaments. First he received a wildcard into the 2010 SAP Open, where he lost to eventual semifinalist Denis Istomin in the first round. Next, <mask> went through qualifying to face John Isner in the first round of the 2010 Regions Morgan Keegan Championships. <mask> lost in straight sets to the eventual finalist.Afterwards, <mask> went through qualifying in the 2010 Delray Beach International Tennis Championships, before losing to eventual champion Ernests Gulbis in the first round. <mask> received a wildcard for the 2010 BNP Paribas Open, where he defeated Taylor Dent in the first round, before losing to the eventual winner Ivan Ljubičić. Having lost early, <mask> competed in the BMW Tennis Championship, where he lost in the first round. After receiving another wildcard into the 2010 Sony Ericsson Open, he lost in the first round to Michaël Llodra. <mask> played in a few Challengers afterwards without any major results. In May, now ranked no. 263 in the world, <mask> entered the qualifying tournament for the 2010 French Open, after having lost in the final of the US Wildcard Playoff to <mask>.<mask> lost in the final round of qualifying to Stefano Galvani. <mask> competed in the prestigious Queen's Championship, but lost in the first round to Jesse Levine. Next, <mask> competed in Wimbledon qualifying, but lost in the first round to up-and-coming Lithuanian Ričardas Berankis. Having not gained any points on his favorite surface, <mask> decided to compete in the 2010 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships. He defeated sixth seed Karol Beck, before defeating seventeen-year-old Denis Kudla. He then lost to Richard Bloomfield of Great Britain. <mask> qualified for the US Open and defeated the 15th seed Ivan Ljubičić in the first round for his first win in a Grand Slam tournament.In the second round, <mask> fell to Sergey Stakhovsky in a grueling 5-setter, after failing to convert three match points when up 6–3 in the fifth set tiebreak. He opted to stay in the U.S. instead of heading to Asia and trying to qualify into main tour events. He had a relatively successful fall on the Challenger tour, making the final in Tiburon, the quarterfinals in Calabasas, the second round in Charlottesville, and the second round in Bratislava where he defeated ATP no. 93 Dustin Brown. 2011: Top 100 debut
<mask> lost to Adrian Mannarino in straight sets in the first round of the 2011 Australian Open. <mask> won the 2011 Honolulu Challenger, beating Alex Kuznetsov in the final. He won the doubles title as well.He ousted 22nd-seeded Guillermo García-López in the second round of the 2011 BNP Paribas Open at Indian Wells, California, as a wild card. In the third round, he defeated Canadian up-and-comer Milos Raonic in a tight three-setter to set up a fourth-round confrontation with world no. 3 Roger Federer, which <mask> lost. At the 2011 French Open, Robin Söderling (seeded fifth) beat <mask>, but the young American was able to take a set off the two-time French Open finalist. His next tournament was Queen's in London, where he was given a wild card. However, he lost in the first round to Michael Berrer in three close sets, 6–7, 6–2, 5–7. He then competed in the qualifying competition for Wimbledon, in which he reached the final round but lost in five sets to Cedrik-Marcel Stebe.He, however, received a spot in the main Wimbledon draw as a lucky loser. He beat Ivan Dodig in the first round. He faced seventh seed David Ferrer in the second round, losing in a five-set match that lasted two days. With partner Matthew Ebden, he won the doubles tournament at the 2011 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships in July. <mask> made his first ATP semifinal in Atlanta, where he lost to eventual champion Mardy Fish. This performance shot him into the top 100 for the first time, at no. 94.He followed this by another semifinal appearance in Los Angeles just the week after where Fish once again stopped him in three sets. As a result, his ranking jumped to world no. 82. His next tournament was Washington, D.C., where he lost to Viktor Troicki in the second round. He was also granted a wildcard to participate in the Cincinnati Masters. He lost to Novak Djokovic (no. 1 in the world) in the second round.By year's end, he had scored wins over Victor Hanescu and Troicki, and he had risen to no. 79 in the world rankings. 2012
During the Australian summer, <mask> lost in the first and second rounds of Brisbane and Auckland, respectively. At the Australian Open, he lost in the first round to world no. 4 Andy Murray, after taking the first set. In February, <mask> made his third appearance in the semifinals in San Jose, where he lost to eventual winner Milos Raonic. In April, <mask> lost his inaugural Davis Cup matches to France's Jo Wilfried Tsonga and Gilles Simon.Despite <mask>'s two losses, the U.S. still advanced to the semifinals, where the team faced Spain in September 2012 and lost. <mask> played for the Philadelphia Freedoms of World Team Tennis in the summer as their 2012 wild-card player. It was his first season playing for WTT. <mask> played with the Freedoms in their home matches on July 11 and 14 at The Pavilion at Villanova University, and traveled with the team to face the New York Sportimes on July 13. <mask> lost to Novak Djokovic in straight sets in the second round of the 2012 Wimbledon Championships. <mask> participated in singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He lost in the first round to Santiago Giraldo of Colombia.An article in The New York Times made more note of his behavior than his tennis, reporting: "Though the match was considered winnable for <mask>, the loss itself will be less remembered than <mask>’s petulant behavior as the match slipped away." 2013

<mask> started off the year strong with a victory over John Isner at the Apia International Sydney. At the Australian Open he beat Santiago Giraldo before only winning six games against Novak Djokovic. <mask> won his first match at the French Open against Andrey Kuznetsov. <mask> reached the semifinals of the BB&T Atlanta Open, where he lost at the hands of Kevin Anderson. 2014
<mask> had a frustrating year in 2014. After qualifying in Brisbane and Sydney, he exited in the first round of both tournaments at the hands of Sam Groth and Nicolas Mahut, respectively.He entered the main draw directly at the Australian Open, but again went down in the first round, this time to Gaël Monfils. He then played a couple of Challenger events, but failed to advance beyond the second round even there. In Memphis and Delray Beach, he made it to the second round with victories over Björn Phau and Yen-Hsun Lu, but then lost to Alex Bogomolov Jr. and Marin Čilić. <mask> made the second round in Indian Wells and Miami with victories over Andrey Golubev and Federico Delbonis and reached the quarterfinals of a Challenger event in March, as well. However, he failed to qualify in Madrid and the French Open. He did not qualify at the Queen's Club, but he did qualify at Wimbledon, only to make another first-round exit at the hands of Grigor Dimitrov. He then went down in the first round in Newport, Rhode Island and Atlanta at the hands of eventual champion Lleyton Hewitt in Newport and fellow American Tim Smyczek in Atlanta.Consequently, <mask>'s ranking plummeted to no. 190. 2015

<mask> won the Happy Valley Challenger after defeating Marcos Baghdatis in the final. At the 2015 Abierto Mexicano Telcel, he received a spot in qualifying as an alternative. He defeated Adrián Menéndez-Maceiras in straight sets, before qualifying to beat countryman Michael Russell in straight sets. In the first round, <mask> defeated another countryman Donald Young, after Young retired in the third set. In the second round, <mask> scored a huge upset as he took down his first top-ten opponent Grigor Dimitrov.<mask> continued his run as he defeated Croatian Ivo Karlovic in the quarterfinals. <mask> eventually lost to Spaniard David Ferrer in three sets in the semifinals. <mask> scored 200 ATP points in Acapulco, which rocketed his ranking up from 169 to 109. At the 2015 Cincinnati Masters, he lost to Thanasi Kokkinakis in the qualifying round. 2016: Resurgence
<mask> began his resurgence in the summer by reaching the round of 16 in both the Citi Open, an ATP 500 event, and the Rogers Cup in Toronto, an ATP 1000 Masters event. At the US Open, he achieved the biggest win of his career by knocking off 5th-seeded Milos Raonic to reach the 3rd round of a grand slam for the first time ever. With this run, he returned to the Top 100 for the first time in several years.Playing for the San Diego Aviators, <mask> was named 2016 World TeamTennis Male Most Valuable Player. He led the league in winning percentage in men's singles and was also second in men's doubles behind teammate Raven Klaasen. The 2016 Aviators won the King Trophy as WTT champions. 2017: Maiden ATP title, French Open doubles title, top 40 debut, second ATP final

<mask> won his first match at the Australian Open over Frenchman Nicolas Mahut 6–3, 6–4, 6–2, marking the first time he made the second round at the tournament since 2013. He then fell in straight sets to Tomáš Berdych. <mask> reached the final of the RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas and defeated Taylor Fritz in straight sets, winning his fourth Challenger title. In his next tournament, <mask> followed up on that success by reaching both the singles and doubles finals at the Memphis Open.This was his first singles final, having lost in the semifinals on seven previous occasions. Although he would lose the doubles final with Steve Johnson, <mask> defeated Nikoloz Basilashvili in the singles final to win his first career title. Between his back-to-back titles at the RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas and the Memphis Open, he did not drop a set at either tournament. At the French Open, <mask> teamed with Michael Venus to win the men's doubles title. <mask> reached a career-high ranking of No. 40 on 17 July 2017. Two weeks later he made his second final of 2017 at the 2017 Atlanta Open, losing to John Isner.2018: Two ATP singles and one doubles finals
<mask> started 2018 by making the final of the 2018 Brisbane International before losing to Nick Kyrgios 6–4, 6–2. He also made the final in 2018 BB&T Atlanta Open losing to John Isner. At the same tournament he reached the doubles final partnering Rajeev Ram. 2020-2021: Return to tour in 2020, first ATP win since 2019 and doubles final at Delray Beach
He made his return to the tour at the 2020 Delray Beach Open as a wildcard after being out due to surgery and won his first match since April 2019 in Houston defeating Damir Dzumhur. In 2021, he reached the doubles final also as a wildcard in Delray Beach partnering his brother <mask>. World TeamTennis
<mask> has played three seasons with World TeamTennis, making his debut in 2016 with the San Diego Aviators. He was named the 2016 WTT Male MVP, after recording the highest Men's Singles winning percentage (.608), and the second highest winning percentage in Men's Doubles (.586).He has since played another two seasons for the Aviators (2017-2018). It was announced he will be joining the San Diego Aviators during the 2020 WTT season set to begin July 12. Playing style
<mask> relies on an explosive serve and a counterpunching game from the baseline. He is also known for a strong forehand and for having a strong second serve, both in pace and kick. Significant finals

Grand Slam finals

Doubles: 1 (1 title)

ATP career finals

Singles: 4 (1 title, 3 runners-up)

Doubles: 7 (4 titles, 3 runner-ups)

Performance timelines

Singles
Current through the 2021 Delray Beach Open. Doubles

Wins over top 10 players

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Shreveport, Louisiana
American male tennis players
People from Austin, Texas
Tennis people from Louisiana
Tennis people from Texas
Tennis players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic tennis players of the United States
French Open champions
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's doubles

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<mask>  (born 8 August 1942) is a Scottish politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Falkirk West from 1974 to 2000 (known as West Stirlingshire from 1974 to 1983), first as a member of the Labour Party, and then as an Independent. He then served as an Independent Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Falkirk West from 1999 to 2007. In 2014, he was the chair of the Advisory Board of Yes Scotland, the campaign for independence in the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. Early life
Born in Cowdenbeath, <mask> was educated at St. Bride's and St. Columba's Schools, Cowdenbeath, St Andrew's College, Drygrange, and at the University of Edinburgh. He worked as a schoolteacher from 1968 until 1974 and was Assistant Head of Holy Rood High School Edinburgh at the time of his first election to Parliament. <mask> was also head of the maths department at St Modans High in Stirling.Career

British Parliament
He was leader of the Labour Party Group on Stirling District Council in 1974 and, in October of that year, was elected as Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for West Stirlingshire. Following boundary changes, he was MP for Falkirk West from 1983 to 2000. He was Chair of the Scottish Parliamentary Labour Group, 1980 – 1981. In 1975, he tried introducing a bill to abolish corporal punishment in schools and his efforts formed part of the case presented to the European Commission of Human Rights which led eventually to abolition. He voted against the Blair Government's proposals to cut benefits for children of lone parents, abolish Student Grants and introduce tuition fees. A keen sports enthusiast, he was founder and Convener of the Scottish Sports Group at Westminster and the Cross-Party Sports Group in the Scottish Parliament. He has completed a marathon in less than three hours and the Ben Nevis Race in just over two hours.He won a gold medal, playing for Scotland in the British Universities Football Championships in 1967. In his book The Final Whistle?, Harry Reid claims that <mask> took part in the 1977 Wembley pitch invasion after Scotland beat England and ripped up a patch of the turf. He takes an active interest in international affairs and served as a member of the House of Commons Select Committees on Foreign Affairs and International Development. He is still a member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament and Amnesty International and is interested in conflict resolution. He chaired the Northern Ireland Committee of the Parliamentary Labour Party from 1989 to 1997, and led several Parliamentary delegations to Ireland during The Troubles. He served on the British-Irish Inter-Parliamentary Body from 1992 to 2000. As a member of the European and External Relations Committee of the Scottish Parliament, he was author of a report on the potential for co-operation between Scotland and Ireland.He has frequently spoken out against sectarianism and racism. Scottish Parliament
Throughout his political life, <mask> played a leading part in the campaign for a Scottish Parliament. When Labour was in opposition, he led a nationwide consultation about devolution, on behalf of the Scottish Group of Labour MPs, leading to the publication of a bill to establish a Scottish Parliament with revenue-raising powers. However, in 1999, when the first elections to the Scottish Parliament were held, the New Labour leadership rejected him as an official Labour candidate, despite the fact that he had the support of 97% of local party members. He therefore stood as an Independent, and was consequently expelled from the party. Although there were rumours he would join the Scottish National Party, he did not join another party. He won with almost 55 percent of the vote, the highest majority of any MSP in the 1999 election.He resigned his Westminster seat in 2000 to concentrate on representing his constituents in the Scottish Parliament. <mask> retained his Holyrood seat in 2003 with 55.7 percent of the vote, again with the biggest majority in Scotland. In the Scottish Parliament, he was a member of the European and External Relations Committee and Convener of the All-Party Sports Group from 1999. In 2003 he criticised the Scottish football authorities when Falkirk Football Club was refused promotion to the Scottish Premier League, despite having won the First Division Championship. He supported Falkirk's efforts to build a new stadium for community use and he still regularly attends the club's matches. He is also Honorary President of Milton Amateurs Football Club. <mask> enjoys hill-walking and, in the Scottish Parliament, he championed the people's right of access to the countryside, successfully introducing amendments to the Land Reform (Scotland) Bill to extend the right of access to country estates, including land belonging to the Queen.He is now President of Ramblers Scotland. He is a strong supporter of the idea of a national holiday to celebrate St Andrew's Day, and his bill to achieve this was eventually passed as the St. Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007. Retirement
When he announced his retirement before the 2007 Scottish Parliament elections, he was the longest serving parliamentarian in the Scottish Parliament, having completed a combined 33 years at Westminster and Holyrood. After this announcement he received an ovation in the Chamber of the Scottish Parliament from other MSPs and was praised by the First Minister Jack McConnell as "an outstanding parliamentarian over a long, long period of time". In April 2010, <mask> declared his support for John McNally, the Scottish National Party candidate for Falkirk in the 2010 general election. Falkirk is the successor to Canavan's former Westminster constituency. He has honorary doctorates from the Universities of Stirling and Strathclyde.In recognition of his public service, Falkirk Council launched the <mask> Scholarship to encourage young people to go on to further or higher education and to use their talents to help others. Personal life
<mask>'s marriage to Elnor <mask> ended in divorce. They had four children, all of whom predeceased him; he also has a son with his partner. Autobiography
His autobiography, Let the People Decide, was published by Birlinn in September 2009. ()

References

External links

 <mask> MSP Biography at personal website
 The colourful MSP calls it a day BBC profile

1942 births
Living people
People from Cowdenbeath
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Scottish schoolteachers
Scottish Labour councillors
Scottish Labour MPs
Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
Confederation of Health Service Employees-sponsored MPs
European democratic socialists
Scottish autobiographers
Independent MSPs
Members of the Scottish Parliament 1999–2003
Members of the Scottish Parliament 2003–2007
Politics of Falkirk (council area)

masks:
Dennis Andrew Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Dennis Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Dennis Canavan


texts:
<mask> (died ca. 1244) was an early Anglo-Norman nobleman and merchant who became one of the earliest Mayors of Dublin. He donated extensive properties to the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity in Dublin, acted as witness for early gifts to the cathedral, and was a partisan for the Bigods, the <mask>s, the <mask>ys and other Norman magnates. Biography

Early life
The birthplace of <mask>vet is unknown, although he was likely born in Sussex, England, where the Levett family had their seat from about the time of the Norman Conquest. The family later became Lords of the Manor of Firle, Sussex, and received extensive grants of land across the south of England. They were sublords of the <mask>rrers family, originating from the village of Livet in Normandy within the original de Ferrers barony. Mayor
<mask>vet was a citizen of Dublin from 1229-1244.He served as Mayor of Dublin for four one-year terms, 1233–1234, 1235–1236, and was re-elected for a third term from 1236-1237. <mask>vet was frequently engaged in business in the city, and was a partisan of the most powerful Norman lords of Ireland. He was a witness to a 1210 gift by <mask> Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke to The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, in honour of her father <mask> Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, whose 'Strongbow' tomb is within the Cathedral. <mask> was also a merchant with wide trading interests, and old Irish records note that he often traded with France using his own ships. He is frequently in Latin charters relating to church business in Dublin. <mask>vet acted in state matters involving the King of Connaught, the De Clares, the le Bruns, the De Burghs, Dermot MacMurrough, the Marshals and others. In 1234, <mask>vet and his wife also made gifts of land, including a "stone hall and cellars outside the King's gate" to the Holy Trinity Church, today's Cathedral of the Holy Trinity. <mask> and his wife lived in a stone hall not far from the church itself, "without the King's Gate."<mask>vet owned land on nearby Castle Street as well. Family
<mask> founded a family which succeeded him in Ireland, and for a time his became among the most powerful Anglo-Irish families. The patriarch mayor died before 1244, and he and his wife Sibilla are buried within Holy Trinity Church. Their daughter Elena is mentioned in the Register of the Hospital of St. John the Baptist in Dublin outside the New Gate. <mask> Livet, probably <mask>'s father but possibly a brother, was involved in a Dublin dispute in 1200 which escalated into violence. Involved were some of the most powerful Norman magnates including the le Brun Lusignan family, <mask> Winchester, William Warenne and others. A murder charge resulted from the fracas involving the group.Son
<mask> Lyvet, likely <mask>'s son, owned a "great stone hall" in the city, according to contemporaneous records. Sir <mask> Lyvet, Knight, probably also a son of <mask>, was identified in early records as a "kinsman" of William Brun, one of Dublin's most important citizens. In 1278, Sir <mask>, Knight, is listed in a petition of Maurice FitzMaurice to the King and Council. Sir <mask> was also an active businessman in the city. <mask>, probably either a son or grandson of <mask>, was named by Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk and marshall of England, as Bigod's Irish attorney for the year in which Bigod would be away in Wales on the King's business. <mask>t family
Documents from the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries show that the <mask>t family was active in Ireland, frequently being named in Royal writs and orders. In September 1215, for instance, <mask> Livet was named in a Royal order requiring him and several others to go to the King of Connaught and collect fees and fines from him due to the English crown.Other documents from the same century show <mask> Livet, <mask> Livet and other members of the family frequently acting on behalf of the King, or deputized to adjudicate disputes. In one case, the King even commands Earl William Marshall of Ireland to permit a servant of <mask> Livet, citizen of Dublin, to retain a ship he had captured as part of the capture of La Rochelle, France. Subsequent documents over the next century saw the family's influence still strong. After <mask> Roche was beheaded for his betrayal for siding with the Scots in their Ireland invasion, for instance, the King ordered that all Roche's lands be turned over to <mask>. Sheriff
"<mask> Lynet (Lyvet) was of sufficient importance to be Sheriff of Connaught from 1287 to 1289," according to The History of the County of Mayo to the Close of the Sixteenth Century. "The family appear again as owners of half the castle and lands of Carn -- the other half owned by Carews -- and of the lands of Kincon, Ellagh, and Seehaunmore in Kilfian." By 1302, John Lyvet was granted arms in Ireland, and in 1311 was appointed steward of Carlow with the keeping of Old Ros and the Isle of Hervey, as well as the Knights Templar's hamlet of Kilclogan in Wexford.(A branch of the Dublin Levett family apparently relocated to Waterford at some later date, as the first family member appears as mayor in the early seventeenth century.) In 1302 King Edward I of England issued a call to convene the magnates of Ireland to assist in an invasion against the Scots. <mask> <mask> was one of the Irish nobles named in the writ. The <mask> family were one of the earliest of the Anglo-Irish families, but unlike other early Normans like the <mask>hs and the De Lacys, the Levetts seem to have been largely overlooked by historians. Perhaps the orthography made them difficult to trace: the spelling of the name varied wildly, including '<mask>et,' '<mask>vet', '<mask>t', '<mask>yuet,' '<mask>ynet,' 'Linet', and even '<mask> Yvet" and "Del Ynet." One historian assures us that "at the commencement of the reign of Edward II, the De Lynets were a powerful family in the south of Ireland." By the seventeenth century, an Irishman named Levett had registered his coat of arms, and it was distinct from those of his English brethren, which was unsurprising given that the first Levetts who came to Ireland did so as heraldry was only beginning to come into use.See also
Norman Ireland
List of rulers of Waterford
Hiberno-Norman
<mask> Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster

References

Anglo-Normans
Norman warriors
Lord Mayors of Dublin

1240s deaths
Year of death uncertain
Year of birth unknown

masks:
Gilbert de Lyvet
de Clare
de Lac
Gilbert de Ly
de Fe
Gilbert de Ly
de Ly
Isabel de
Richard de
de Lyvet
de Ly
de Ly
de Lyvet
de Ly
de Lyvet
Philip de
Gilbert
Robert de
Geoffrey de
Gilbert
Philip de
Gilbert
Gilbert Lyvet
Gilbert Lyvet
Reginald Lyvet
Gilbert
de Live
de Live
Gilbert de
Philip de
John de
Gilbert de
Gilbert de
John Lyvet
Gilbert de
John de
Lyvet
de Lyvet
de Burg
de Liu
de Ly
de Leue
de L
de L
de
Walter de


texts:
<mask> (June 19, 1880 – December 25, 1956), was an American type designer, calligrapher, and book designer. He attained prominence as an illustrator and commercial artist, and he brought to the designing of type and books some of the boldness that he displayed in his advertising work. His work can be described as ornamented and geometric, similar to the Art Moderne and Art Deco styles of the period, using Oriental influences and breaking from the more antiquarian styles of his colleagues and mentors Updike, Cleland and Goudy. Career

<mask> began his career in Chicago, working in advertising and lettering. With his colleague Frederic Goudy, he moved east to Hingham, Massachusetts, where he spent the rest of his life. He gained recognition as a lettering artist and wrote much on the graphic arts, notably essays collected in MSS by WAD (1949), and his Layout in Advertising (1928; rev. ed.1949) remains standard. During the first half of the twentieth century he also created pamphlets using the pen name "Dr. Hermann Puterschein". His scathing attack on contemporary book designers in An Investigation into the Physical Properties of Books (1919) led to his working with the publisher Alfred A. Knopf. Alblabooks, a series of finely conceived and executed trade books followed and did much to increase public interest in book format. Having become bored with advertising work, <mask> was perhaps more responsible than any other designer for the marked improvement in book design in the 1920s and 1930s. An additional factor in his transition to book design was a 1922 diagnosis with diabetes, at the time often fatal. He commented "it has revolutionised my whole attack.My back is turned on the more banal kind of advertising...I will produce art on paper and wood after my own heart with no heed to any market." In 1926, the Chicago Lakeside Press recruited <mask> to design a book for the Four American Books Campaign. He said he welcomed the chance to "do something besides waste-basket stuff" which would be "promptly thrown away" and chose the Tales of Edgar Allan Poe. The Press considered his fee of $2,000 to be low for an illustrator of his commercial power. Many of <mask>' designs used celluloid stencils to create repeating units of decoration. He and his wife Mabel Hoyle <mask> (February 27, 1881 – September 28, 1958) are buried in the Hingham Center Cemetery, Hingham Center, Massachusetts, near their home at 30 Leavitt Street, and <mask>' studio at 45 Irving Street. After <mask>' wife's death, many of <mask>' works and assets passed to his assistant Dorothy Abbe.A full-length biography of <mask> by Bruce Kennett, believed to be the first, was published in 2018 by the Letterform Archive museum of San Francisco. Typefaces
<mask>' interest in lettering led to the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, sensing <mask>' talent and knowledge, hiring <mask> in March 1929 as a consultant to create a sans-serif typeface, which became Metro, in response to similar type being sold from European foundries such as Erbar, Futura, and Gill Sans, which Dwiggins felt failed in the lower-case. <mask> went on to have a successful working relationship with Chauncey H. Griffith, Linotype's Director of Typographic Development, and all his typefaces were created for them. His most widely used book typefaces, Electra and Caledonia, were specifically designed for Linotype composition and have a clean spareness. The following list of his typefaces is thought to be complete. <mask> had the misfortune of entering the field of type design during a period that encompassed, successively, the Great Depression and the Second World War, and as a result, many of his designs did not progress beyond experimental castings. Several of his typefaces saw commercial release only after his death, or, while not released themselves, have been used as inspiration for other designers.Metro series
 Metrolite + Metroblack (1930, Linotype)
 Metrothin + Metromedium (1931, Linotype)
 Metrolite No.2 + Metroblack No.2 (1932, Linotype)
 Metrolite No.2 Italic + Lining Metrothin + Lining Metromedium (1935, Linotype)
 Metromedium No.2 Italic + Metroblack No.2 Italic (1937, Linotype)
 Metrolight No.4 Italic + Metrothin No.4 Italic (Linotype)
The Metro series was redesigned on entering production, with several characters changed to better echo the then-popular Futura. This formed the Metro No. 2 series. Some revivals return to Dwiggins' original design choices or offer them as alternates. Electra series
 Electra + Electra Oblique (italic)  (1935, Linotype)
 Electra Bold + Italic (Linotype)
 Electra Cursive (1940, Linotype, a true italic for Electra)
 Matching ornaments, sometimes called the Caravan series (Linotype)
 Charter (Designed 1937–42, used only for one book, never released, Linotype)
 Hingham (Designed 1937–43, cut in 7 pt. but not released, Linotype)
 Caledonia series
 Caledonia + Italic (1938, Linotype)
 Caledonia Bold + Italic (1940, Linotype)
 Arcadia (Designed 1943–47, used only for Typophile's Chapbook XXII, never released, Linotype)
 Tippecanoe + Italic (Designed 1944–46, used only for The Creaking Stair by Elizabeth Coatsworth, never released, Linotype), Dwiggins's take on Bodoni
 Winchester Roman + Italic + Winchester Uncials + Italic (1944–48, hand-cast by Dwiggins, not released by Linotype; the Roman was later digitized as ITC New Winchester)
 Stuyvesant + Italic (c.1949, used for only a few books, Linotype, never released), based on type cut by Jacques-François Rosart in Holland c.1750. Eldorado + Italic (1950, Linotype; revived by Font Bureau in the 1990s in three optical sizes), based on types cut by Jacques de Sanlecque the Elder used by Antonio de Sancha
 Falcon + Italic (developed 1944 / released 1961, Linotype), a "sharp-finished old-style" serif book typeface
 Experimental 63 (c. 1929–32, never released), a humanist modulated sans-serif prefiguring Optima by 25 years, unknown to Zapf before 1969
 Experimental 267D (not released), intended as an answer to Monotype’s Times New Roman, but ultimately abandoned in favor of licensing Times itself.This intentional irregularity was inspired by the difficulty of carving marionettes for his puppet theatre. It has since been used by other serif font designers such as Martin Majoor and Cyrus Highsmith. Jonathan Hoefler comments on Hingham that it contains “many unusual things”: “that lower-case ‘o’ that's heaviest at the upper-left corner is just kind of mystifying, or the lower-case ‘e’ that's thinnest at the lower-left corner”. Besides <mask>' type design, a text written by <mask> in Layout in Advertising on choosing a font, beginning "Why do the pace-makers in the art of printing rave over a specific face of type? What do they see in it? ", has been used by many font designers as a filler text, similar to Quousque tandem or lorem ipsum. Marionettes

<mask>' love of wood carving led to his creation of a marionette theatre in a garage at 5 Irving Street, which was behind his home at 30 Leavitt Street in Hingham, Massachusetts.He also created a puppet group named the Püterschein Authority. In 1933 he performed his first show there, "The Mystery of the Blind Beggarman." <mask> built his second theatre under his studio at 45 Irving Street. Further productions of the Püterschein Authority included "Prelude to Eden," "Brother Jeromy," "Millennium 1," and "The Princess Primrose of Shahaban in Persia." Most of his marionettes were twelve inches tall. The marionettes were donated to the three-room Dwiggins Collection at the Boston Public Library in 1967. Legacy

In 1957, a year after his death, Bookbuilders of Boston, an organization of book publishing professionals that <mask> helped to establish, renamed their highest award the W.A.Dwiggins Award. <mask> has sometimes been credited with introducing the term "graphic design" in a 1922 article, but the term was being used before this. Bibliography

LA DERNIÈRE MOBILISATION (1915). Story in The Fabulist and in The Best Short Stories of 1915. An Investigation into the Physical Properties of Books (1919)
 Layout in Advertising (1928)
 Towards a Reform of the Paper Currency, Particularly in Point of its Design (The Limited Editions Club, 1932)
 Form Letters: Illustrator to Author (<mask> Rudge, 1930)
 The Power of Print—and Men (1936), with Thomas Dreier
 Marionette in motion; the Püterschein system diagrammed, described (1939)
 WAD to RR: A Letter about Designing Type (1940)
 Millennium 1 (Alfred A. Knopf, 1945)

Books illustrated or designed

 The Witch Wolf: An Uncle Remus Story, Joel Chandler Harris (Bacon & Brown, 1921)
 A History of Russian Literature, from the Earliest Times to the Death of Dostoyevsky, Prince D.S. <mask>, Master of the Book'
 Bruce Kennett, W. A. <mask>: A Life in Design. San Francisco: Letterform Archive, 2018.B. Kennett, 'The White Elephant and the Fabulist: The Private Press Activities of W. A. Dwiggins, 1913-1921', in Parenthesis; 21 (2011 Autumn), p. 27-30
 B. Kennett, 'W A Dwiggins  The Private Press Work, Part 2  The Society of Calligraphers 1922-9', in Parenthesis; 22 (2012 Spring), p. 34-39
 B. Kennett, 'The Private Press Work of W. A. <mask>, Part 3 Puterschein-Hingham and Related Projects, 1930-1956', in Parenthesis''; 23 (2012 Autumn), p. 17-20
 P. Shaw, 'The Definitive Dwiggins' (online article series)
 Abbe, Fili & Heller, 'Typographic Treasures: The Work of W.A. <mask>' (exhibition catalog)

External links

 Art Directors Club biography, portrait and images of work
 W. A. Dwiggins collection finding aid, University of Maryland Libraries (accessioned 17 June 2013)
 Dwiggins at Typecon (anthology of artwork for talk by Rob Saunders)
 <mask> Dwiggins: Black & White Smith (talk by Saunders at San Francisco Public Library)
 Boston Public Library Dwiggins Collection - catalogue
 Indexgrafik - extensive range of images
Guide to the Chauncey Hawley Griffith papers, housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center
Guide to the Chauncey Hawley Griffith photographs, housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center

1880 births
1956 deaths
AIGA medalists
American illustrators
American typographers and type designers
People from Clinton County, Ohio

masks:
William Addison Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
William Edwin
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
William Addison


texts:
<mask> (February 28, 1917 – December 16, 2019) was an attorney and litigation counsel with Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom in New York City. He was a New York State Assemblyman, a judge of the New York State Courts at every level, and a World War II veteran. An early rugby football player, he was a member of the 1940 Harvard Rugby Football team, which was the undefeated champion of the Eastern Rugby League. Kassal was married to <mask>, a retired business executive from Bonwit Teller in New York City. Early years
<mask> was born in the Harlem area of Manhattan, New York City, on February 28, 1917, to <mask> and <mask>, born in Poland and Austria, respectively. Kassal graduated from Public School 86 in the Bronx (1930), Townsend Harris High School in Manhattan (1933), University of Pennsylvania, B.A. (1937) and Harvard Law School, J.D.(1940), where he received a merit scholarship for his third year. He was admitted to the New York State Bar in September 1940 and was an associate in two mid-sized law firms until the American entry into World War II. Athletics

Kassal was a member of the Townsend Harris High School soccer, track, and baseball teams. At the University of Pennsylvania, he was on the 150 lb. football team as a quarterback/linebacker until he fractured his left elbow. In 1940, his third year at Harvard Law School, he played rugby football as the left-wing on Harvard's undefeated Eastern League championship team and scored three tries. In 1941 he played the same position on the New York Rugby Club.After World War II he resumed playing tennis, golf, and skiing until 1998, when he had a double knee replacement. His original 1940 Harvard Rugby Jersey is on permanent exhibit at the Harvard Club of New York City together with his French Legion of Honor Medal Certificate and his photograph with his wife Barbara at Normandy with President and Michelle Obama. World War II and military awards
<mask> volunteered to serve in the U.S. Army Air Forces in January 1942. He spent six months at Mitchel Field, Long Island and was assigned to the Officer Candidate School in Miami Beach, Florida followed by the Air Combat Intelligence School in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, graduating with honors from both. On March 15, 1943 Life magazine published a letter to the editor, written by <mask>, in which he wondered "what formula" enlisted war hero Herman J. F. Bottcher used to "secure his rapid promotion" from the rank of Sergeant to Captain in the span of one week. The editors of Life replied: "Heroism". Bottcher was later killed in action in Leyte.Letters appearing in the following two issues were critical of <mask>'s question, and accused him of being a jealous "90-day wonder"—a disparaging term used for newly minted officers from upper-class families who went through accelerated officer programs as Kassal did. As a second lieutenant, <mask> was assigned to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations. After three months in an officer replacement center in Algeria, he was assigned by the Seventh Army to assist in the planning and to participate in the D-Day landings at Gela, Sicily. He arrived on the U.S.S. Orizaba as part of the Second Armored Division's initial landing force. Two months later, he was chosen to assist in planning and land on D-Day with the Fifth Army at Salerno, Italy, on a Landing Ship, Tank. He briefed General Mark W. Clark on the Salerno beach.After the capture of Naples, he again planned air intelligence missions. With President Franklin D. Roosevelt's approval, he helped plan the air bombardment of the Montecassino Abbey, which was occupied by German artillery units and blocked the passage to Rome. Cardinal Secretary of State Luigi Maglione told senior U.S. diplomat to the Vatican Harold Tittmann that the bombing was "a colossal blunder ... a piece of a gross stupidity." (Hapgood & Richardson, p. 225). The only people killed in the monastery were Italian civilians seeking refuge in the abbey. When the occupation of Italy was almost complete, <mask> returned to Naples for the Seventh Army invasion at St. Tropez, France, on August 15, 1944. He briefed General Patch.Shortly thereafter, he accepted the surrender of seventeen German soldiers at Salon-en-Provence. The troops in Southern France moved north through Alsace-Lorraine, where they were caught in the midst of the Battle of the Bulge and General Patton's counter-attack. Thereafter, <mask>'s unit moved through Bavaria and was at Augsburg when D-Day was declared. Because of his knowledge of the Luftwaffe, <mask> was assigned to London to prepare for the invasion of Japan, since it was anticipated that German pilots would be part of the Japanese air defense. Kassal was awarded the Bronze Star with three Bronze Arrowheads for three invasion landings and was awarded seven Campaign ribbons in the European Theatre. His clearance was "Top Secret", the highest intelligence classification, and received intelligence data from the "Ultra Secret" classification. He served in the Army Air Forces for four years and served overseas for 30 months in North Africa, Sicily, Italy, France, and Germany before his discharge on December 31, 1945, with the final rank of captain.He was a major in the U.S. Air Force Reserves. On June 5, 2009, he received the French Legion of Honor from French Defense Minister Herve Morin at Les Invalides in Paris, with a ceremony at Colleville-sur-Mer (Omaha Beach) Normandy. He and his wife were photographed at the same location with President and Michele Obama on June 6, 2009. On July 16, 2009, he was awarded membership in the American Society of French Legion of Honor. He has given talks about his World War II overseas experience at the Harvard Club, the New York City Bar Association (2009), the Harding Club at Poughkeepsie, N.Y. (2009), at Skadden Arps' New York offices (2008 and 2009) and Skadden, Arps' London office in May 2010. Kassel donated several war mementos to the Museum of Jewish Heritage in New York City for its permanent exhibit "Ours to Fight For." This exhibit has been shown in several U.S. cities.Donated items include several Nazi daggers and swords, his two-volume hand-written personal diaries, and his video oral testimony. He has also donated World War II mementos, including photos of invasions, prisoner of war camps, targets and German equipment, to the U.S. Air Force Museum at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. Political and legislative career (1946–1962)
Immediately after the war <mask> became active in liberal causes such as the Americans for Democratic Action, the American Veterans Committee, the Draft Eisenhower Movement (for the Democratic nomination), and Volunteers for Stevenson. He joined the local anti-Tammany Democratic Club and lost a contested primary for the State Assembly (1950). He was a member of the New York State Assembly (New York Co., 5th D.) from 1957 to 1962, sitting in the 171st, 172nd and 173rd New York State Legislatures. As an assemblyman, Kassal was regarded as one of the most liberal legislators. As his assembly district included the Lincoln Center of the Arts, he introduced and had enacted into law the first Arts Council in the United States.He was the only legislator to vote against the annual re-enactment of the Security Risk Law, which mandated that all state employees execute loyalty oaths during the Cold War. As a result, the bill was never re-introduced. In 1962, he unsuccessfully challenged the incumbent Congressman Leonard Farbstein in the Democratic primary of the 19th District, but was nominated on the Liberal ticket. In November 1962, he was defeated by Farbstein, and resumed his law practice as a single practitioner. In 1969, <mask> won the Democratic primary for a seat on the New York City Civil Court. Legal career (1940–1969)
As a single practitioner, his specialties were civil litigation, real estate, estates, and matrimonials. His sole criminal matter was representing comedian Lenny Bruce on his arraignment on obscenity charges at Cafe Au Gogo in Greenwich Village.During almost this entire period, he was a regular guest commentator on radio night talk shows, first with Barry Gray on WMCA and then with Long John Nebel on WOR. Judicial career (1970–1993)
Serving in the Civil Court of the City of New York for six years (1970–1976), he was the judge assigned to establish the Housing Court. He also introduced the Small Claims Court into the State of Israel. He served in the New York Supreme Court for six years and was appointed by Governor Hugh Carey to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Department, in 1987, where he served for 12 years. During this period, he was appointed by Chief Judge Sol Wachtler to serve for the April/May 1985 term at the New York Court of Appeals, the State's highest court. He acted as a Special Judge to try judges for ethical violations and recommended significant sanctions, including removal, for several judges. He has a total of 259 reported decisions.In the appeal on the America's Cup Race trial decision, he wrote a dissent in favor of the New Zealand team based primarily on sportsmanship, fair play, and equity in that, although not violative of any specific rules, holding that the use by the United States of a catamaran was contrary to the spirit of the race since no catamaran had ever been raced previously and, critically, no catamaran had ever lost to a single-hulled sailboat. In Morgan v. Morgan, on the basis of equity, fairness and justice, he ruled in favor of providing maintenance to the wife who had supported her husband while he completed his legal education and became an attorney. She had sought similar support while a pre-medical and medical student. Although reversed on appeal, shortly thereafter the Equitable Distribution Law was enacted providing for this form of relief. The woman later became a doctor and a photo article with Kassal was published in The New York Times. In People v. Shelton, his decision, the first to interpret the statutory language "Extreme Emotional Disturbance" in a jury charge as mitigation on a murder charge, was affirmed by the Court of Appeals. In Gordon v. American Museum of Natural History, his opinion at the Appellate Division, requiring actual or constructive notice of a physical condition as a condition for negligence liability, was affirmed by the Court of Appeals.In 1976, as a Civil Court Judge, he decided, in Parkwood v. Marcano, that a landlord has a duty to mitigate damages upon a tenant's default, similar to all contract damages. This was reversed on appeal. On April 22, 2003, he acted as amicus for Brennan Center for Justice (NYU) in filing a brief at the New York Court of Appeals supporting stringent ethical rules for Judges. Later career

From 1998, he was a counsel in the litigation department at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP. He was an annual reporter from 2004 for the New York State Bar Association Journal on the subject of appellate statistics. In his third five-year term on the Advisory Committee on Judicial Ethics (Office of Court Administration) Committee on Character and Fitness (Appellate Division, First Department) Mayor's Committee on City Marshals, Special Master, Pre-Argument Conferences (Appellate Division, First Department), Lecturer on Active Post-Judicial Legal Retirement (Supreme Court Justices and NY State Bar Association)  Annual Article, N.Y.S.B.A. Journal on Appellate Statistics, published every year since 2002.He was a Traphagen Distinguished Alumni Speaker at Harvard Law School on three occasions. He delivered a talk about his career and 70 years of changes in the practice of law at Oxford University Faculty of Law on May 13, 2010. He and his wife were special guests at the Dinner for Legal Academics on May 11, 2010, at the Inner Temple of the Inns of Court in London. On May 29, 2010, at Cambridge, the 1940 Harvard undefeated Eastern Rugby League championship team was honored by the Harvard Rugby Football Club. Kassel's 1940 football jersey is on permanent exhibition at the Harvard Club in New York. On May 20, 2010, he photographed the Jewish cemetery in Oxford and obtained historical data for the Jewish Heritage Research Center regarding the flooding destruction of three synagogues in Bath, England in 1938. On January 9, 2009, the New York City Bar Association presented as its bi-annual program, "Twentieth Century Traveler: The Life and Perilous Times of the Hon.<mask>." He testified as an expert witness on New York law pertaining to pre-nuptial agreements in London at the High Court of Justice in 2003. he acted as a neutral arbitrator, appointed by Movie Fone, in the A.A.A. arbitration Ticketmaster v. Movie Fone, in 1996. He was a member of the London Court of International Arbitrators (2005) and was a lecturer at NITA programs (2005). Pro bono photographer

Kassel has undertaken 81 photographic missions throughout the world, covering 158 countries. The New York State Bar Association Journal featured an article about an exhibition of <mask>'s photographs. On April 12, 2010, he took photographs at the Statesville, North Carolina Synagogue for the Jewish Heritage Research Center (Syracuse University).He has taken photographs for 17 charities, including Save the Children, World Monuments Fund, Human Rights Watch, the Asia Society, UNICEF, the International Survey of Jewish Monuments, the Coalition for Soviet Jewry, and United Jewish Appeal. His photos have appeared on numerous occasions in the media. His photo for Save the Children remained on its poster for more than ten years. He has also exhibited at the City Bar Association and several court houses. In June 2009, at the age of 92, he took photos of three synagogues at Nice, Carpentras and Cavallion in France and three synagogues in North and South Carolina. He has had a special photo exhibit at the Save the Children headquarters, "Beyond the Bench." In January 2000, the Association of the Bar of the City of New York presented an exhibition of Kassal's photography.His photograph of the original Buddha Statue is featured in the "Vanishing Histories" published by the World Monuments Fund. On September 11, 2001, from the 48th floor of Skadden's Times Square office, he photographed the second plane crash within minutes after the incident and, took more photos at the scene two days later. Pro bono photos published

 World Monument Fund – Spring-Summer 2001 issue: Buddha Statue in Afghanistan". The Buddha Statue was subsequently destroyed by the Taliban but it is being rebuilt by a Basel, Switzerland museum, based upon the previous photo by Kassal
 New York Observer – June 3, 2002
 Asia Society – February, 1982 "Tiger's Nest". Tiger's Nest in the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan, a monastery built on the side of a sheer cliff. Save the Children – Poster Child. This photo was taken outside of Beirut during the Christmas holidays.Kassal had an hour and a half provided to him by the local representative for photos. This became the official Save the Children poster and remained so for more than twenty years. The image appeared in N.Y. Times Magazine, Saturday Review World, Newsweek, Natural History, The New Yorker, Times of Israel, National Jewish Weekly and Unitarian Universalist. Human rights assignments and pro bono activities
 Joint Distribution Committee of the United Jewish Appeal (July, 1975)
 Coalition to Free Soviet Jews (1983 and 1985)
 International Rescue Committee (1983 and 1986)
 Human Rights Watch (1986, 1988 and 1989)
 Lawyers Committee for Human Rights (1990)

In 2002 Kassel participated in the construction of model house at Grand Central Station for Habitat for Humanity. Personal life
On June 13, 1986, Kassal married Barbara Joan Wax, a retired Bonwit Teller executive. They had no children and lived on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. He turned 100 in February 2017 and died in December 2019 at the age of 102.Bibliography
 Published letters to the editor of The New York Times
August 17, 2000 – "60 Years of Progress" (nomination of Joseph L. Lieberman for Vice-President)
October 18, 2001 – "The War Over There"
August 25, 2002 – "Another Dirty Trick" (Sports Section)
March 7, 2003 – "Judges and Politics"
October 16, 2003 – "The Pledge: Recite or Rewrite?" 292, Brooklyn, on Martin Luther King Day (January 17, 2011) (Skadden project)
At Mass Moca Museum, North Adams, MA on September 8, 2007 – research and photographs for pro bono litigation (Skadden project)
Post-Judicial Retirement Seminars at New York State Bar Association of Supreme Court Justices (2007, 2008 and 2009)
"Out the Door but Not Over the Hill" – N.Y. State Bar Association program (Albany and N.Y. City), May 6 and 14, 2008
Mentor at Harvard Law School Connect – for students and graduates (2011)
New York County Lawyers Association – Task Force on Transitioning and Unemployed Lawyers (2011)
Donated 69 pints of blood to New York Blood Center
On April 21, 2003, on behalf of the N.Y.U. Brennan Center for Justice, presented amicus brief to Court of Appeals upholding the N.Y. Canons of Judicial Ethics

Human rights assignments
World Monuments Fund – Afghanistan (1971)
Joint Distribution Committee of the United Jewish Appeal (July, 1975)
Coalition to Free Soviet Jews (1983 and 1985)
International Rescue Committee (1983 and 1986)
Human Rights Watch (1986, 1988 and 1989)
Lawyers Committee for Human Rights (1990)

Professional committees and bar associations
Committee on Character and Fitness (1993 – present)
Advisory Committee on Judicial Ethics (1993 – present)
Mayor's Committee on City Marshals (1993 – present)
Special Master, Pre-argument Conferences – Appellate Division, Supreme Court, First Dep't. (1993 – present)
Association of the Bar of the City of New York (1953 – present)
New York State Bar Association (2000 – present)
Entertainment Committee – City Bar Association (1975 – present)

References

External links
Featured in a New York Times article, Sunday February 21, 2010 about lawyers still working in their 80s and 90s
Featured in the Harvard Law Bulletin, Winter 2010

1917 births
2019 deaths
American centenarians
New York Supreme Court Justices
Harvard Law School alumni
Lawyers from New York City
Members of the New York State Assembly
Men centenarians
Military personnel from New York City
New York (state) Democrats
People from Harlem
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom alumni
Townsend Harris High School alumni
University of Pennsylvania alumni
American politicians of Polish descent
American people of Austrian descent
20th-century American judges
20th-century American lawyers

masks:
Bentley Kassal
Barbara Joan Wax Kassal
Kassal
Pauline Nirenberg Kassal
Hyman Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Kassal
Bentley Kassal
Kassal


texts:
<mask> (born <mask>; October 19, 1898 – October 5, 1986) was an American film producer. He is best known for producing Casablanca (1942), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), and True Grit (1969), along with many other major films for Warner Bros. featuring such film stars as <mask>, John Wayne, <mask>, and Errol Flynn. As a producer, he received 19 nominations for the Academy Award for Best Picture

Later on, for a long period, he was connected with Paramount Pictures and oversaw films featuring  Dean Martin, Jerry Lewis, Elvis Presley, and John Wayne. Life and career
<mask> was born October 19, 1898 in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Eva (née Ewa <mask>) and Jacob Wolowicz/Wolovitz (Jankiel Wołowicz). He was the youngest of three children and had two older sisters: Minna Wolovitz (1893-1986), a Hollywood talent agent, and Juel Wolovitz (1895-1953). His parents were Ashkenazi Jews from the Suwałki region of Congress Poland, which was then part of the Russian Empire and is now Poland. The future producer and his sisters eventually changed their surname to <mask>.His family moved in 1922 to Los Angeles, California, where he found work as part of the publicity department at Warner Bros. in 1923. Within a few years, <mask> became involved in the production end of the business and would eventually become head of production at Warner. In a career that spanned more than 50 years, he was involved with the production of more than 400 feature-length movies. Among the more significant movies he produced were Casablanca, Dark Victory, The Adventures of Robin Hood, The Maltese Falcon, Sergeant York, and Now, Voyager. In March 1944, <mask> won the Academy Award for Best Picture at the 16th Academy Awards. During the  ceremony, when the award was announced for Casablanca, <mask> got up to accept, but studio head Jack L. Warner rushed up to the stage "with a broad, flashing smile and a look of great self-satisfaction," <mask> later recalled. "I couldn't believe it was happening.Casablanca had been my creation; Jack had absolutely nothing to do with it. As the audience gasped, I tried to get out of the row of seats and into the aisle, but the entire Warner family sat blocking me. I had no alternative but to sit down again, humiliated and furious ... Almost forty years later, I still haven't recovered from the shock." This incident would lead <mask> to leave Warner Bros. the next month. <mask> started to work as an independent producer, enjoying considerable success both commercially and critically. The first screenwriters he hired for his new enterprise were Ayn Rand and Lillian Hellman.Among his financial hits were the Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis comedies, and several of Elvis Presley's movies. He produced True Grit, for which John Wayne won the Academy Award for Best Actor of 1969, and its sequel. After moving to Universal Pictures, he produced Mary, Queen of Scots (starring Vanessa Redgrave and Glenda Jackson) and Anne of the Thousand Days (starring <mask> and Canadian actress Geneviève <mask>). He received 16 Academy Award producer nominations for Best Picture, winning for Casablanca in 1943. For his consistently high quality of motion picture production, he was twice honored with the Academy Awards' Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award. He was also nominated for seven Golden Globe awards, twice winning awards for Best Picture. In 1975, he received the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement in motion pictures.In 1980, he published his autobiography, Starmaker, co-written with Charles Higham. In the 1930s, <mask> invested in residential real estate development in Sherman Oaks, California. He named Halbrent Avenue after himself, using his nickname "<mask>" and his middle name "<mask>". Most of its original homes still stand, and it is very close to Ventura and Sepulveda Boulevards and the Sherman Oaks Galleria used extensively in the 1982 movie Fast Times at Ridgemont High. <mask> and his second wife, actress Martha Hyer, contributed funds towards the construction of The Hal and Martha Hyer Wallis Theatre, a black box theater, at Northwestern University. Marriages
<mask> was married to actress Louise Fazenda from 1927 until her death in 1962. They had one son, <mask>, who became a psychiatrist.<mask> was married to actress Martha Hyer from 1966 until his death in 1986. <mask> was a lifelong Republican, who supported Dwight D. Eisenhower in the 1952 US Presidential Election. He was also a member of the Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals. Death
<mask> died on October 5, 1986, of complications of diabetes in Rancho Mirage, California, two weeks away from his 88th birthday. News of his passing was not released until after his private memorial service was completed. U.S. President Ronald W. Reagan, who appeared in <mask>'s films Santa Fe Trail and This Is The Army, sent his condolences to the family. <mask> is interred at the Great Mausoleum at Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California.Filmography
 Moby Dick (1930, co-producer and first work)
 Little Caesar (1931)
 Central Airport (1933)
 The Petrified Forest (1936)
 Kid Galahad (1937)
 West of Shanghai (1937)
 The Invisible Menace (1938)
 The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938)
 Comet Over Broadway (1938)
 Dark Victory (1939)
 The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939)
 All This, and Heaven Too (1940)
 Castle on the Hudson (1940)
 Santa Fe Trail (1940)
 Sergeant York (1941)
 The Maltese Falcon (1941)
 They Died with Their Boots On (1941)
 Casablanca (1942)
 Now, Voyager (1942)
 Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942)
 This Is the Army (1943)
 Love Letters (1945)
 You Came Along (1945)
 The Strange Love of Martha Ivers (1946)
 Desert Fury (1947)
 I Walk Alone (1947)
 So Evil My Love (1948)
 Sorry, Wrong Number (1948)
 The Accused (1949)
 Rope of Sand (1949)
 Paid in Full (1950)
 September Affair (1950)
 Dark City (1950)
 The Furies (1950)
About Mrs. Leslie (1954)
 The Rainmaker (1956)
 Gunfight at the O.K. Corral (1957)
 Loving You (1957)
 King Creole (1958)
 Career (1959)
 G.I. Blues (1960)
 Visit to a Small Planet (1960)
 Blue Hawaii (1961)
 Summer and Smoke (1961)
 Girls! Girls! Girls! (1962)
 Fun in Acapulco (1963)
 Wives and Lovers (1963)
 Becket (1964)
 Roustabout (1964)
 The Sons of Katie Elder (1965)
 Paradise, Hawaiian Style (1966)
 Barefoot in the Park (1967)
 Easy Come, Easy Go (1967)
 True Grit (1969)
 Anne of the Thousand Days (1969)
 Mary, Queen of Scots (1971)
 Rooster Cogburn (1975)

Academy Awards

1938 and 1943 Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Awards

References

External links

 Literature on Hal B. Wallis
 Hal Wallis papers, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

1898 births
1986 deaths
American film producers
Film producers from California
American film studio executives
Warner Bros. people
Cecil B. DeMille Award Golden Globe winners
Businesspeople from Chicago
People from Rancho Mirage, California
People from Greater Los Angeles
Producers who won the Best Picture Academy Award
American people of Polish-Jewish descent
Deaths from diabetes
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)
Golden Globe Award-winning producers
Film producers from Illinois
20th-century American businesspeople

masks:
Harold Brent Wallis
Aaron Blum Wolowicz
Humphrey Bogart
Bette Davis
Aaron Blum Wolowicz
Blum
Wallis
Wallis
Wallis
Wallis
Wallis
Wallis
Wallis
Richard Burton
Bld
Wallis
Hal
Brent
Wallis
Wallis
Brent
Wallis
Politics Wallis
Wallis
Wallis
Wallis


texts:
<mask>Freddie<mask> (born 2 October 1989) is a Danish professional ice hockey goaltender for the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has previously played for the Anaheim Ducks and Toronto Maple Leafs. <mask> was a member of Denmark's national team that competed at the 2010 IIHF World Championship. He was selected by the Hurricanes in the seventh round, 187th overall, of the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. Unable to come to terms with the Hurricanes, however, <mask> was later re-entered into the draft and selected in the third round of the 2012 NHL Entry Draft, 87th overall, by the Ducks, with whom he spent the first few years of his NHL career. Playing career

Europe
On 13 March 2010, while playing for Frederikshavn White Hawks in the Superisligaen, <mask> scored an empty net goal in the fourth quarter-final match against Rødovre Mighty Bulls. He nearly scored two nights before in the third match, but missed.<mask> set a new Elitserien regular season club record for Frölunda HC with eight shutouts in 2011–12, surpassing Henrik Lundqvist's seven shutouts from the 2003–04 season. In addition to his shutouts, <mask> also led the Elitserien in goals against average (GAA) and save percentage, as well as receiving a nomination for the Elitserien Rookie of the Year award. NHL

Anaheim Ducks
On 20 October 2013, shortly into the 2013–14 season, <mask> made his NHL debut for the Anaheim Ducks, replacing starting goaltender Jonas Hiller to start the second period. Taking over a 3–1 Ducks deficit, he logged two shutout periods, earning him his first NHL win, a 6–3 victory over the Dallas Stars. With the trade of then-backup goaltender Viktor Fasth to the Edmonton Oilers on 4 March 2014, <mask> became the team's new full-time backup goaltender to Hiller after spending the majority of the season playing for Anaheim's American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Norfolk Admirals. On 16 April 2014, <mask> won his Stanley Cup playoff debut as Anaheim defeated the Dallas Stars 4–3 in Game 1 of the Western Conference Quarterfinals. <mask> made 32 saves, giving up three goals.He split time with both Jonas Hiller and John Gibson during the Ducks' run in the 2014 playoffs, which ultimately ended in Round 2, the Western Conference Semifinals, against the Los Angeles Kings, the eventual Stanley Cup champions. The following year, in 2014–15, with Hiller departed via free agency to the Calgary Flames, <mask> and Gibson became the Ducks' goaltending duo. As the season progressed, however, <mask> assumed the starter's role by virtue of both his impressive goaltending play and injuries to Gibson that kept the latter out of the lineup. After recording his 30th win of the season on 3 March 2015, <mask> tied an NHL record as the fastest goaltender in history to reach 50 career wins. He reached the milestone in just 68 career games, tying the record set by the Montreal Canadiens' Bill Durnan on 16 December 1944. In the 2015 Stanley Cup Playoffs, <mask> led the Ducks to the Western Conference Finals with his strong play - the Ducks only lost one game in the first two rounds. After taking a three games to two series lead on the early strong play of <mask>, the Ducks lost the final two games of the series, including Game 7 on home ice.This marked the third straight season the Ducks had lost a series in Game 7 at home after leading the series three games to two. <mask> allowed four or more goals in each of the final four games of the series - the Ducks lost three of those four games and allowed 19 goals over that span. Toronto Maple Leafs

On 20 June 2016, <mask> was traded by the Ducks to the Toronto Maple Leafs in exchange for the 30th overall pick in the 2016 NHL Entry Draft (used to select Sam Steel) and a second round pick in the 2017 NHL Entry Draft (middle of Toronto, San Jose or Ottawa picks - used to select Maxime Comtois). On the same day, the Leafs and <mask> <mask> agreed to terms on a 5-year extension. He was set to become a restricted free agent on 1 July. After a slow start with the Leafs, <mask> settled in and found his game; he went 33–16–14 on the season with a 2.67 GAA, a .918 save% and 4 shutouts, leading the way for the Leafs to earn a playoff berth for the first time since the 2012–13 NHL season. In the playoffs, <mask> went 2–4 in the first-round series against the Washington Capitals with a 2.68 GAA and .915 save%.During the 2017–18 season, <mask> bested his career-high in wins on 28 March 2018, with his 36th win of the season in a game against the Florida Panthers. On the same day, he helped the Leafs set a new franchise record of 27 wins on home ice after beating the Panthers 4–3. In the following game on 30 March 2018, against the New York Islanders, <mask> recorded his 37th win of the season, tying the record for most wins by a Leafs goalie. On 7 April 2018, the last game of the Leafs regular season, <mask> passed the Leafs all-time wins record with a 4–2 victory over the Montreal Canadiens. <mask> helped the Leafs qualify for the 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs, where they would fall to the Boston Bruins in seven games. He recorded a 36–16–7 record during the 2018–19 NHL season, helping the Maple Leafs advance to their third consecutive playoff berth, but they were once again defeated in the first round by the Boston Bruins in seven games. On 14 December 2019, <mask> earned his 200th win in his 344th game against the Edmonton Oilers.Carolina Hurricanes
At the conclusion of his five-year tenure with the Maple Leafs, <mask> left the club as a free agent. On 28 July 2021, he was signed to a two-year, $9 million contract with his original draft club, the Carolina Hurricanes. Personal life

<mask> comes from a family of ice hockey players. His father, Ernst, played seventeen season as a goaltender in the Metal Ligaen and is the current goaltending coach for Denmark men's national ice hockey team and Herning Blue Fox. His mother and uncles also played ice hockey in Denmark. His sister, Amalie, is a defenceman for the Danish women's national ice hockey team and is playing collegiately for Maine. His brother, Sebastian, is also a defenceman and represented Denmark in the men's national under-18 and junior ice hockey team.His brother, Valdemar, and cousin, Emma-Sofie Nordström, are also professional goaltenders. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

Awards and honors

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
Anaheim Ducks draft picks
Anaheim Ducks players
Carolina Hurricanes draft picks
Carolina Hurricanes players
Danish ice hockey goaltenders
Danish expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Danish expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate ice hockey players in Canada
Expatriate ice hockey players in the United States
Frederikshavn White Hawks players
Frölunda HC players
Herning Blue Fox players
People from Herning Municipality
Norfolk Admirals players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Toronto Marlies players
William M. Jennings Trophy winners

masks:
Frederik "
" Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Frederik
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen
Andersen


texts:
<mask> (May 8, 1791 – October 3, 1853) was an American businessman and Whig Party politician who represented New Jersey's 5th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives for one term from 1849 to 1851. Early life and education
<mask> was born in New York City on May 8, 1791 at the residence of his maternal grandfather. He was the third son of Mary (née Alsop) <mask> and <mask>. Among his siblings were brothers <mask>, who served as Governor of New York, and <mask>, the president of Columbia University, and <mask>, an Ohio politician. His father served as the first U.S. Senator from New York and was the 3rd and 8th U.S. Minister to the United Kingdom under Presidents <mask>, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams. His paternal grandparents were Isabella (née Bragdon<mask> and <mask>, a prosperous farmer-merchant.Among his extended family were uncles <mask>, who served as the first Governor of Maine, and <mask>, who was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. His mother was the only child of his maternal grandparents, Mary (née Frogat) Alsop and John Alsop, a prominent merchant and Continental Congressman. He pursued classical studies in England and France, returned to United States and graduated from Harvard University in 1810. He studied law under Peter van Schaack of Kinderhook, followed by study at the Litchfield Law School in Connecticut. Career
During the War of 1812, he served as assistant adjutant general of the New York Militia, under Major General Ebenezer Stevens. After the war, he opened a commission house in New York City with his father-in-law, <mask>, under the name James G. King and Company. Three years later in 1818, he moved to Liverpool, England and established King & Gracie with his brother-in-law, <mask> Jr., where he established "a high reputation for business ability, and, despite the severe financial crisis of 1822, 1823, and 1824, was able to meet all his obligations and to finally close up the affairs of his house on a satisfactory basis."While in Liverpool, he met and eventually became a close friend of John Jacob Astor (later serving as an executor of his will), who offered him the presidency of the American Fur Company, which <mask> declined. In 1824, he returned to New York City and engaged in banking as a partner in the firm of Prime & Ward (thereafter Prime, Ward & King), with residence in Weehawken, New Jersey. In 1835, he succeeded Eleazar Lord to become president of the Erie Railroad, although he did not collect a salary. He served until 1837, when by his visit to London he secured the loan to American bankers of $1,000,000 from the governors of the Bank of England. Tenure in United States Congress
In 1834, he was a candidate for Congress in New York City, but was defeated. <mask> was elected as a Whig to Congress, succeeding fellow Whig Dudley S<mask>, the former mayor of Jersey City. He served alongside his older brother John in office from March 4, 1849 to March 3, 1851, but declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1850 and was succeeded by Democrat Rodman M. Price (who later served as the 17th Governor of New Jersey after leaving Congress in 1853).While in Congress, he was a member of the Committee of Commerce, and he opposed the repeal of the Missouri Compromise and the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. Upon the ascendancy of Millard Fillmore to the presidency after Zachary Taylor's death in 1850, <mask> was reportedly considered for United States Secretary of the Treasury, but informed Fillmore that he did not wish to serve as he had planned on retiring from public service and was, in fact, leaving Congress at the end of the term. Later career
After leaving Congress, he resumed the banking business. By this time the firm he had worked for had undergone dissolution, and so was succeeded by the House of James G. King & Son. Personal life

On February 4, 1813, <mask> was married to Sarah Rogers <mask> (1791–1878), the daughter of <mask>, a Scottish-born shipping magnate and early American businessman and merchant in New York City and Virginia. Together, they were the parents of eleven children, many of whom married into prominent colonial families, including:

 <mask> (1813–1863), who married Denning Duer, a son of William Alexander Duer. <mask> <mask>, Jr. (1819–1867), who married his first cousin, <mask>, a daughter of John Alsop <mask>.<mask> <mask> (1821–1897), who married Elizabeth Denning Duer, a daughter of William Alexander Duer. <mask> (1826–1890), who married Edgar Henry Richards in 1856. Frederika <mask> (1829–1916), who married Bancroft Davis, an American lawyer, judge, diplomat, and president of Newburgh and New York Railway Company. <mask> (1833–1908), who married Isabella Ramsay Cochrane in 1858. After her death, he married Elizabeth Fisher. <mask> (1836–1905), who married <mask> McLane, brother of Robert Milligan McLane, in 1859. <mask> died of a "congestion of the lungs" on October 3, 1853 at his country place, "Highwood," near Weehawken, New Jersey, which he had purchased in 1832.He was interred in the churchyard of Grace Church, Jamaica, New York. Descendants
Through his son Archibald, he was the grandfather of May Denning <mask> (1848–1925), who married <mask> Van Rensselaer, a son of Henry Bell Van Rensselaer and grandson of Stephen Van Rensselaer III, the patroon of Rensselaerwyck. His great-great-granddaughter Ellin Travers Mackay married Irving Berlin. Another great-great-grandchild was Wolcott <mask>, who was also a direct descendant of Martin Van Buren (<mask> <mask>'s grandson married Martin Van Buren's granddaughter, and Wolcott <mask> was their grandson). Through his youngest daughter Fanny, he was the grandfather of Robert McLane, who served as the 32nd Mayor of Baltimore. References

External links

<mask> <mask> at The Political Graveyard

 Guide to the Erving-King Family Papers, 1709-1975 at the New-York Historical Society. 1791 births
1853 deaths
Businesspeople from New York City
New Jersey Whigs
Members of the United States House of Representatives from New Jersey
19th-century American railroad executives
Harvard College alumni
Litchfield Law School alumni
People from Weehawken, New Jersey
Gracie-King family
Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives
19th-century American politicians
Politicians from New York City
Alsop family

masks:
James Gore King
James Gore King
King
Rufus King
John Alsop King
Charles King
Edward King
George Washington
) King
Richard King
William King
Cyrus King
Archibald Gracie
Archibald Gracie
King
King
. Gregory
King
King
Gracie
Archibald Gracie
Caroline King
James Gore
King
Caroline King
King
Archibald Gracie
King
Mary King
Gore King
Edward King
Fanny King
James Latimer
King
King
John King
Gibbs
James Gore
King
Gibbs
James Gore
King