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<mask> (born 13 November 1935), popularly known as P<mask>,  is an Indian playback singer associated with the South Indian cinema primarily from Andhra Pradesh for over six decades. She is one of the greatest and best-known playback singers in India. She has been recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as well as by the Asia Book of Records for performing a record number of songs in different Indian languages. She is also the recipient of five National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer and numerous state awards. <mask> is widely acclaimed as a singer who defined feminism in South Indian cinema and is well known for her mellifluous vocal performances for over 50,000 film songs across South Indian languages. The song "Paal Polave" from Tamil film Uyarndha Manidhan brought her the first ever award at the 16th National Film Awards, by winning her the National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer in 1969. <mask> became the first ever famale singer in the country to win the national award.She is also considered one of the rich voiced singers whose pronunciation of the syllables are to be very clear and precise in any of the languages she sang. In a career spanning more than six decades, she has recorded nearly 50,000 songs in various Indian languages including Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Hindi, Bengali, Oriya, Sanskrit, Tulu and Badaga. She has also sung for Sinhalese films. Her mother tongue is Telugu. She can also speak Tamil fluently, with a little Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada. Personal life
<mask> was born in Andhra Pradesh, India, as the daughter of <mask> Mukunda Rao, a leading advocate in Vizianagaram, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh State. She was married to Dr. Mohan Rao, who died in 2012; they have a son named Jayakrishna.Her niece, Sandhya Jayakrishna, is a singer who debuted with A. R. Rahman in Iruvar and she has two grand daughters.One of them is Shuba Sri and she is the lead guitarist with music director Taman. Education
After completion of schooling, <mask> joined in Maharaja's Music College under the tutelage of Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu who was the Principal, Vizianagaram, and completed Diploma in Music from Andhra University in First Class at a very early age. P<mask> went on to become the most successful playback singers of south India from 1950 to 1990. Career

Debut : 1950–1954
Born into a music-loving family, <mask> had been nurtured with formal classical music training at a very young age. She used to participate in all the musical competitions at her school and Vizianagaram town events. She developed the crucial nuances in singing songs with apt expressions and modulations through her extensive training during those days. She also sang few songs for the All India Radio (AIR) for their private program telecasts.In 1950, music director <mask> Nageswara Rao was on the look out for some fresh voices to sing for his new film compositions. He approached the AIR to help him shortlist some of the finest singers who have performed for the Radio. AIR sent forward five singers of whom <mask> was selected after some thorough audition tests. She was immediately signed on for the Tamil film Petra Thai (1952) for a duet song "Edhuku Azhaithhai" with A. M. Raja. This was subsequently made in Telugu as Kanna Talli for which she recorded the same duet with Ghantasala. This resulted in her long term employment with AVM Studios singing for their productions alone with a fixed monthly salary. The studio owner A. V. Meiyappan hired a Tamil trainer for <mask> to hone her Tamil pronunciation skills.Thus <mask> began her illustrious career gaining abundant knowledge about music and language. She debuted into Kannada language with the film Maadidunno Maaraya in 1954. Breakthrough : 1955 – 1960
It was not easy for a newcomer to foray into the musical scene in the 1950s with the domination of eminent female vocalists like P. Leela, M. L. Vasanthakumari, Jikki among others ruling the playback industry. Yet, <mask> made her own mark with her distinct and clear vocals. The year 1955 saw <mask> raising to popularity with her back to back hit songs both in Tamil and Telugu film industries. Missamma released in 1955 had hugely popular songs backed with strong carnatic classical essence. <mask> created a huge impact among the listeners with her effortless renditions of the toughest notations.The same year released Tamil film Kanavane Kan Kanda Deivam made her a household name in Tamil Nadu. Thus began a huge legacy of <mask>, who sang in almost all the films produced since 1955 through 1960s and 1970s till 1985. The legendary Tamil musicians Viswanathan – Ramamurthy duo composed some of the most evergreen songs of Tamil cinema history in the voice of <mask>. Her duets with the acclaimed singers Ghantasala in Telugu, T. M. Soundararajan in Tamil and P. B. Srinivas in Kannada marked a new era of duet songs in the South Indian music industry. She, along with T. M. Soundararajan went on to record more than hundreds of songs with Viswanathan – Ramamurthy. <mask>'s blockbuster Kannada song "Viraha Nooru Nooru Taraha" for the film Edakallu Guddada Mele is listed as one of the top 10 evergreen songs in Indian cinema. Her combination with actress Jayanthi is very popular in Karnataka.Successful domination : 1960 – 1985
The early 1960s saw <mask> grow as an undisputed lead female singer across all the south Indian language films putting all the older veteran singers to the background. The year 1960 saw <mask> entering the Malayalam films with the V. Dakshinamurthy compositions for the film Seetha. From then, she went on to record numerous hit songs with all the Malayalam composers like G. Devarajan, M. K. Arjunan among others. She recorded many Malayalam duets with the veteran singer K. J. Yesudas. Her association with M.S. Viswanathan continued even after M.S.V split up with Ramamoorthy in 1965 and under M.S.V her duets with T.M. Sounderrajan and others and her solo songs were too popular with audience and made her first choice singer for every other music composer and film producer from 1960 to 1985.M.S.V. 's composition fetched her the first National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer in 1969 for her prolific rendition of "Naalai Intha Velai Paarthu" for the Tamil film Uyarndha Manidhan. The same song got her the Tamil Nadu State Award as well. Thereby, <mask> became one of the first recipients of the most dignified National awards in India. It was during these years the Nightingale of India, Lata Mangeshkar developed a strong friendship with <mask> and praised all her works frequently. Her work in Film Chandipriya is superb with song "Sri Bhagya Rekha - Janani Janani" with Jayaprada superb dance. M.S.Viswanathan is regarded as her mentor and in his music direction she has maximum popular hit songs from 1955 to 1995.The 1970s also saw <mask> in her prime form winning almost all the awards both nationally and in all the four states of Southern India. She also recorded even Hindi songs during this period with music directors like KV Mahdevan, Laxmikant <mask>, L. Vaidyanathan and Laxmi Kiran, S.L. Manohar, Ajit merchant, G. Devarajan and S.N. Tripathi. It was in this era that she sang few notable songs for another prolific Indian music director Ilaiyaraja. Though Janaki took a leading position from 1980 with her strong association with M.S.V and Ilayaraja, <mask> continued to be at the top till 1985 and after 1985 was still opted by several music directors for her legendary vocals. After 1986, she became selective about film songs and continued to have hit film songs till 2005.Shift to non-films : 1985– 2000s
With S. Janaki and Vani Jayaram taking over the Southern film songs center stage from 1985 and K. S. Chitra beginning her career, <mask> slowly shifted her focus from films to devotionals and light music. But she continued to get to sing melodious film songs from 1984 to 1999 though she had after 1985 cut down on offers for singing in films. She even won awards for songs in Telugu films – Viswanatha Nayakudu in 1987, Godavari <mask>ngindi in 1989 and Tamil film Varam in 1989. She sang duets with Kishore Kumar in 1986 for the film Singhasan – "Chalta Hai Do Dilon Ka Kaise Sansaar" and "Tere Liye Maine Janam" which became popular. She also concentrated more on stage shows across the Globe where many associations worldwide invited her to perform for their organised shows. She recorded more than 1000 devotional songs for various audio companies. In 1988, acclaimed music composer Naushad insisted her to sing "Janaki Jaane" for his Malayalam film Dhwani.She also recorded few of her career best songs for Illayaraja, A. R. Rahman and others in the 1990s. "Kannukku Mai Azhagu" from the film Pudhiya Mugam (1993) composed by Rahman was praised all over for its lyrical content and rendition. She had hit songs in Tamil till 2005 and sang many devotional and folk songs from 1986 to 2005 and did many live shows from 1990 to 2005. Comeback : 2005– present

<mask> made a comeback by rendering her voice to her own song Raksha Raksha Jaganmatha which was released 72 years ago and was released as a single for the movie, Aadai, starring Amala <mask>. <mask> also recorded a Tamil song for the film 'LKG' in 2018, alongside Vani Jayaram & L.R.Eswari. Her superhit song 'Elluvochi' from the Telugu film 'Devatha' was reprised in her own voice for the film Gaddalakonda Ganesh in 2019 under Mickey J Meyer's supervision. P. Susheela Trust
The P. Susheela Trust, formed in 2008, has a monthly pension payment scheme and a few musicians in need are being benefited through it.On every 13 November there would be a musical concert during which a senior artist(s) chosen by a panel is conferred with the Lifetime Achievement awards and the P Susheela Trust award. The proceedings of the concert would go towards the Trust maintenance. The Lifetime achievement awards so far has been conferred upon T. M. Soundararajan and P. B. Srinivas. The recipients of the Trust's awards so far are S. Janaki, Vani Jairam, L. R. Eswari, P. Jayachandran, S. P. Balasubramaniam and K. J. Yesudas. Guinness World Records

As verified on 28 January 2016, <mask> has reportedly recorded up to 17,695 solo, duet and chorus backed songs in over six Indian languages since the 1960s, not counting some lost early recordings. She has now been recognized by both the Guinness Book of World Records and Asia Book of Records for singing most songs in Indian languages. Statistics

Telugu
<mask> has sung more than 12000 songs in Telugu.S. P. Balasubrahmanyam's first duet in Telugu was with P<mask>. SPB sung his first song with me says the legendary P<mask> and SPB recorded more than 3000 duets with P<mask>. She has recorded more than 2000 songs in K.V.Mahadevans music. she has recorded more than 2000 songs in K.chakravarthys music also. She won three national awards for Telugu songs. Tamil

She has sung more than 6000 songs in Tamil, including devotionals. She has sung around 1000 duets with T. M. Soundara Rajan.She also rendered more than 1500 Songs in MSV music. She won two national awards for Tamil songs. Kannada
<mask> has recorded more than 5000 songs in Kannada. She has performed numerous duets with Ghantasala and P. B. Srinivas, and also a few duets with legendary actor and singer Dr. Rajkumar. Her duets with P. B. Shrinivas are considered some of the evergreen songs of Kannada Film Industry. S. P. Balasubramaniam's first Kannada song Kanasido Nanasido from Nakkare Ade Swarga was a duet with <mask>. Malayalam
She has sung more than 1500 songs in Malayalam.The musician Devarajan gave her more than 300 songs (in all languages). Other languages
<mask> has sung more than 300 songs in other languages, including 100 film songs in Hindi, 120 devotional songs in Sanskrit, and 9 film songs in Sinhalese. she also Sang in Bengali. Punjabi, Tulu, Baduga and Oriya songs. Awards

Civilian and State Government honours

National Film Awards
She was the first recipient of the national award for female playback singing in 1969. Filmfare Awards South
Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South (2006)

State Awards

Other Awards
 "Kamban Pugazh" award from All Ceylon Kamban Kazhakam, Sri Lanka, 2016
Best singer of the decade Award from Dr. Subbarami Reddy in 2001
Lifetime Achievement Award at 7th South Indian International Movie Awards

Discography

1950s

1960s

1980s

1990s

References

External links

1935 births
Living people
Telugu playback singers
Indian women playback singers
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts
Kannada playback singers
Kerala State Film Award winners
Malayalam playback singers
Hindi-language singers
Tamil playback singers
Tamil Nadu State Film Awards winners
Andhra University alumni
20th-century Indian singers
20th-century Indian women singers
Film musicians from Andhra Pradesh
Singers from Andhra Pradesh
21st-century Indian singers
21st-century Indian women singers
Best Female Playback Singer National Film Award winners
People from Vizianagaram district
People from Uttarandhra
South Indian International Movie Awards winners
People from Vizianagaram
Women musicians from Andhra Pradesh
Indian women musicians
Filmfare Awards South winners
Nandi Award winners

masks:
Pulapaka Susheela
. Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Pulapaka
Susheela
. Susheela
Susheela
Pendyala
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Pyarelal
Susheela
Susheela
Po
Susheela
Paul
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
. Susheela
. Susheela
. Susheela
Susheela
Susheela
Susheela


type: original

texts:
Sir <mask>  (10 December 1880 – 1 January 1969) was a member of the Indian Civil Service (ICS) who was appointed Assistant Commissioner of the Punjab, British India, in 1904. Having held numerous other posts, he became Financial Commissioner of the same province in 1936 and retired from the ICS in 1940. Thereafter, he was engaged in various roles, including as chairman of the Horace Plunkett Foundation, and was for some time head of the BBC India Section. Recognised as something of a maverick in comparison to most of his colleagues in India, <mask> sought to improve the life of rural villagers and was an expert on the subject of peasant agriculture. He wrote several books, including some that are considered to be classic studies and which have been republished with introductions from academic writers in the 21st century. Early life
<mask> was born on 10 December 1880 into a wealthy literary family. His parents were the Reverend <mask>, the Rector of the church of St Michael Paternoster Royal in London, and Mildred, née Ford, whose father, Richard, had been president of the Law Society of England and Wales.Alfred Comyn <mask>, who was an administrator in India and literary figure, was his uncle, guardian and a significant influence on his humanist education. He was educated at Eton College and King's College, Cambridge, prior to joining the ICS in 1904 after sitting the competitive examination. Career summary
Appointed as an Assistant Commissioner, <mask> was initially posted to the Punjab. He was a subdivisional officer in Rajanpur in 1906 and then from 1907 was tutor and guardian to the Raja of Dewas State (Senior), Tukojirao III. <mask> later wrote about these early years in his book Apprentice to Power, in which it is apparent that his appointment as tutor and guardian to the 19-year old was a stroke of luck that significantly affected his future activities in the country. He learned as much, if not more, from the raja than he taught. It was while acting as tutor that he invited E. M. Forster to India, with whom he had been friends at college in Cambridge.While in Dewas, Forster wrote The Hill of Devi, which he dedicated to <mask>, and his stay also inspired much of A Passage to India. Forster noted in the former that Dewas

Somewhat in contradiction to this, Lynn Zastougil sees <mask> as preferring Indian society to that of the "conservative, racist opinions" that prevailed in the ICS precisely because of his humanist upbringing, and says that he subsequently became disenchanted with the behaviour of his royal charge. In 1911, <mask> was appointed as an undersecretary in the Political Department before moving to Sirsa in 1913 as a subdivisional officer. He joined the Co-operative Department as an assistant registrar in 1916, working with the new rural co-operative credit movement, and became registrar of co-operative societies in 1927. In 1930, <mask> was appointed to chair a commission of inquiry — the Punjab Banking Inquiry Committee — following a series of banking failures in the province. He became a commissioner in Rawalpindi in 1931 and in 1935 was put on special duties with the Government of India to report on the co-operative movement. He was Finance Commissioner of the Punjab between 1936–1939, and acted as chairman of the Punjab Land Revenue Board in 1938.He was twice appointed vice-chancellor of the University of the Punjab, in 1931 and 1937, and in 1934 spent some time in Burma investigating co-operative farming movements. Upon his retirement from the ICS in 1940, <mask> headed the Indian Section of the BBC Eastern Service between 1940-1944, where he worked with both Forster and  George Orwell. In 1947 he became chairman of the Horace Plunkett Foundation, which was involved with agricultural co-operation, and between 1951-1960 he was involved with missions to Egypt, Greece, India, Pakistan and Yugoslavia. Work in India
<mask>, who has been described as a pioneer of community development, was not typical of the ICS administrators in Punjab during his time. A variety of changes, such as understaffing by financial pressures after the World War and an increasing preference by talented people to seek opportunities in Britain rather than abroad, together with political changes in Delhi and London, meant that, according to historian Christopher Harding, "most civil servants in Punjab [were] striving simply to hold the provincial administration together and [were] generally cynical of any grand plans that harked back to the "good old days" of the early Punjab administrators". That was not the case with <mask>. Tensions were high because the British authorities were desperately trying to stem the tide of nationalism with piecemeal reforms, and communal disputes between Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs were increasing.In the toxic environment, where the authorities were almost entirely concerned with maintaining law and order, <mask> and a colleague, Frank Lugard Brayne, stood out as mavericks for their attempts to improve the conditions in rural villages. In <mask>'s case, he was affected by the knowledge of the debt burden that was carried by many peasant farmers, some of whom owed more than 20 times their annual incomes. He believed that the perceived necessity of holding elaborate and expensive celebrations for life events such as birth, circumcision, marriage and death lay at the heart of the indebtedness. Debt was also affected by matters of prestige such as land ownership itself, which caused people to buy tracts that were uneconomic, and the role of Bania moneylenders, who also acted as agents for the payment of taxes and often dealt with those matters, without reference to the peasant. A cycle of increasing debt resulted from heavy interest payments on existing debt, which forced the cash-poor peasant to take on even more debt. The more prosperous the peasant was, the more credit-worthy they were and so the more debt they accrued. <mask> thought that moneylenders were exploiting the situation and that the peasants were particularly exposed to problems should they suffer some natural or personal calamity, with debts sometimes doubling within a space of five years because of interest charges and families potentially being faced with repayments over several generations.He want to expand the co-operative credit facilities to improve the situation as well as to set up courts for arbitration and to introduce measures to increase prosperity without recourse to debt, such as animal breeding centres. He estimated that the number of moneylenders and dependants in Punjab had quadrupled between 1868 and 1911, and the decline in prices for agricultural produce that followed the end of World War I made the repayment of debt even more difficult. He noted that the moneylenders were generally Hindus and the peasants were mostly Muslim, a situation that prevailed despite the intent of the Punjab Land Alienation Act, 1901. His attitude to the moneylenders was not, however, entirely negative: he recognised the significance of their accessibility and the historic good that they had brought to regional development. At the same time, he was criticising their usurious nature, which, he thought, was being implicitly accepted by the unwillingness of the Raj authorities to intervene. His 1925 book, The Punjab Peasant in Prosperity and Debt, is a classic work of research, analysis and prescription, which demonstrated, according to D. N. Dhanagare, that he was "far ahead of his time". It was while working with the Punjab Banking Inquiry Committee that <mask> was able to persuade the introduction of co-operative credit in every village of the province.In 1942, <mask> noted that the Raj simply pumping financial resources into Indian agriculture was not an optimal policy. He agreed with Bryce Burt that it was desirable to preserve the way of life while nonetheless encouraging technological progress, but he added that in India

While the decline in agricultural prices following World War I was a factor in the debt problems that <mask> saw and tried to alleviate, he noted later that it was the rise in those prices during World War II that finally put an end to the necessity of debt among the Punjabi peasantry. He said that

<mask> tried always to befriend and understand the native population of India and spoke several of their languages. To that end, he made several long-distance tours of the country on horseback. One, in 1946–1947 began in Peshawar and ended,  later, in Jubbulpore where he visited his friend Mahatma Gandhi. Believing in fair play, he found himself at odds with other British people in India when he denounced Dyer's massacre of civilians at Amritsar in 1919. Recognition
<mask> was appointed as a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1934 and as a Knight Commander of the same order in 1939.Having held an Exhibition while a student at King's College, he was elected as an Honorary Fellow of the college in 1957. Family
<mask> married Jessica, daughter of Alexander Low, Lord Low of the Laws, Berwickshire in 1909. The couple had a daughter and two sons. Jessica died in 1932 around the time that <mask> was commissioner in Rawalpindi. <mask> died on 1 January 1969, aged 88. Publications
<mask> wrote several official reports, including:
Report on Certain Aspects of Co-operative Movement in India
Report on Labour Conditions in Agriculture in Pakistan (1955), for the Government of Pakistan

In addition, <mask> wrote several books among them some "classic works on the Punjab peasantry", in the opinion of Indivar Kamtekar. Some of these have been republished by Oxford University Press in the 21st century with introductions by academic writers.Among his published books are:

Some Aspects of Co-operation in Germany, Italy and Ireland (1922)
The Punjab Peasant In Prosperity And Debt (1925)
Rusticus Loquitur, or, The Old Light and The New in the Punjab Village (1930)
Wisdom and Waste in the Punjab Village (1934)
At Freedom's Door (1949)
Apprentice to Power: India, 1904–1908 (1966)

His journal articles include:

Co-operative Farming in Italy (1953)
<mask>'s wife, Jessica, wrote Love In A Mist, published in 1921. See also
Punjab Canal Colonies

References

Further reading

 – about <mask>'s career

1880 births
1969 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
BBC people
Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire
20th-century British writers
Vice-Chancellors of the University of the Punjab
Fellows of King's College, Cambridge
Cooperatives in India
Economy of British India

masks:
Malcolm Lyall Darling
Darling
Malcolm Lyall Darling
Thomas Darling
Lyall
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Lyall
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling
Darling


texts:
<mask> ( ; born 1935), also spelled as <mask>, is an Iranian classical composer who resides in the United States. Pejman is notable for his operatic and symphonic works. Biography
Born in 1935 in Lar, Iran, <mask> was exposed to the sounds and rhythms of southern Iran from early childhood. In high school he started violin lessons with Heshmat Sanjari and music theory with Hossein Nassehi. As a young violinist with the Tehran Symphony Orchestra, he was awarded a scholarship to study composition at the Music Academy in Vienna. He studied composition with Thomas Christian David, Alfred Uhl, and Hans Jelineck, Friedrich Cerha As a first year student at the Academy, <mask>'s compositions were performed by the Vienna Chamber Orchestra and his orchestral work Rhapsody was performed by the Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra. In his third year as a student, he was commissioned to write the first Persian Opera Rustic Festival for the opening of the Tehran Opera house, Rudaki Hall.Upon graduation from the Academy of Music in Vienna, <mask> returned to Iran in 1968, where he was commissioned to write the opera Hero of Sahand (Delāvar-e-Sahand) which was based on legendary Persian hero Babak Khorramdin. The opera was premiered at Roudaki Hall in 1968. Between 1969 and 1978, Pejman continued to compose symphonic works, operas, ballets, and also wrote many scores for motion pictures and television programs. In 1976, three years before the Iranian revolution, Pejman moved to New York, where he entered Columbia University's Doctorate of Music program in New York and continued his studies with Buelant Arel, Vladimir Ushachevsky and Jack Beeson. In 1984, Pejman moved to Los Angeles and continued to compose and arrange music for jazz and pop ensembles, and motion pictures Threat, 1985. In 1992, Pejman was commissioned to write a cantata for choir and orchestra for the liberation of Khorramshahr Beh Yade Khorramshahr, 1992. He was then commissioned to write music for a musical theater to be performed at Vahdat Hall (previously called Rudaki) Mokhtar, 1993.Since 1993 Pejman has been writing film music and composing for the orchestra and choir and released various soundtracks and CDs. Compositions

Pejman has written orchestral works, operas, film scores, ballet pieces, and popular music. The creator director and producer of the concert was Mohammad Fazlali. For the very first time in Canada, 150 Professional musicians graced the magnificent Orpheum Theatre to perform masterpieces by renowned Iranian composers on the Persian Night concert. Three movemnts of Symphonic Poem "Sudden Resurrection" composed by <mask>man were performed in this concert, conducted by Leslie Dala. This concert was World live premier of "Sudden Resurrection". <mask> was present in the concert.Pieces from other Iranian composers; Loris Tjeknavorian, Hooshang Kamkar, Homayoun Khorram, Gholamhossein Minbashian,
Fardin Khalatbari, Mahyar Alizadeh, Ramin Jamalpour,
Saman Samimi were in the repertoire of the concert as well. Alireza Ghorbani and Talin Ohanian were Vocalists in this concert. References

External links
 [ <mask>] at Allmusic

 http://www.iranian.com/Music/Pejman/index.html

1937 births
Iranian classical composers
Iranian classical violinists
Iranian emigrants to the United States
Iranian film score composers
Living people
21st-century classical violinists
Columbia University alumni
University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna alumni

masks:
Ahmad Pejman
Ahmad Pezhman
Pejman
Pejman
Pejman
Ahmad Pej
Ahmad Pejman
Ahmad Pejman


texts:
<mask> (Russian: Арту́р Алекса́ндрович Реан; born 8 March 1957, Ufa) is a Russian psychologist, considered to be one of the founders of social pedagogical psychology. In 2016-2020 he was appointed Head of the Laboratory for Prevention of Antisocial Behaviour in the Institute of Education of HSE. Since 2020, he is Head of The Center for sociolization, family and prevention of antisocial behavior research of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology, MPGU. Background
In 1979 he graduated from the Bashkir State University and was admitted as a research intern at the Faculty of Psychology of the Leningrad State University. After a one-year internship in 1980, he entered full-time postgraduate studies at the Faculty of Psychology of the same university and got a Candidate of Sciences in 1983. Then, he worked at the Bashkir State University as an assistant in the Department of Psychology, then assistant professor of psychology, after which he worked as a senior researcher and then as head of the Laboratory of Pedagogical Psychology at the All-Union Research Institute for Technical and Vocational Education in Leningrad. In 1992 he received a Doctor of Psychology at the Faculty of Psychology of Leningrad State University.Thereafter, he worked as a professor in the Department of General Psychology at Saint Petersburg State University; he was a Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Psychology for Scientific Work. In 1996 he was elected as a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Education. In 1998, at the Faculty of Psychology of Saint Petersburg State University, he created the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy of Personal and Professional Development (today Department of Psychology of Education and Pedagogics) and was elected its first head. From 2000 to 2004 he was a professor in the Department of Acmeology and Psychology of Professional Activity of the Russian Presidential Academy of Public Administration (Moscow). Since 2004 — he is a professor of the Department of Psychology of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, at the same time (since 2006) — Executive Director and Scientific Head of the Russian Federal Social Project "Healthy family". Since 2016, he is Head of the Laboratory for Prevention of Antisocial Behaviour in the Institute of Education of the National Research University Higher School of Economics. In 2016 he was elected as an academician of the Russian Academy of Education.Since 2020, he is Head of The Center for sociolization, family and prevention of antisocial behavior research of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology of the Moscow State Pedagogical University. He is also an Honour Science Worker of the Russian Federation. Career
Rean's studies are centralized in the field of psychology of personality, pedagogical psychology, the psychology of antisocial and delinquent behavior and its prevention, the psychology of aggression, problems of overcoming negative consequences of social orphanhood, the psychology of socialization and social maturity of the personality, and the psychology of social adaptation of the personality. He is the author of more than 390 published works, including about 20 monographs, books and textbooks, on the issues of personality psychology, social, law and pedagogical psychology. According to the Russian Science Citation Index, Rean is one of the most cited scientists in the field of psychology, as well as in the field of education and pedagogy sciences. <mask> is a scientific supervisor and Executive Director and author of a number of comprehensive scientific and practical programs and Federal Projects, among which are the most significant are «Prevention of drugs addiction and asocial behavior of young people» (1998—2001), «Psychology of aggressive behavior» (Russian Presidential Grant, 1997—1999), «Social Protection of Children» (2000—2002), «Families and Children at Risk» (2002—2006), «Healthy family» (2006—2011). <mask> is also the founder of the scientific school in the field of personality psychology and social pedagogical psychology (together with Y. L. Kolominsky).In 2000–2004, he was the Chairman of the Editorial Board of "World of Childhood" magazine, in 2005-2015 he was a member of the Еditorial Вoard of "Bulletin of practical psychology of education" magazine. He currently serves on the editorial boards of the following Russian publications:

 Russian Psychological Journal (since 2005),
 The Moscow University Herald. Series 14. Psychology,
 Vestnik of Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (since 2007),
 Vestnik of Fund to Help Children in Difficult Situations (since 2009),
 “Protect me” (since 2011),
 Psychopedagogics in Law Enforcement,
 Vestnik of Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal affairs of Russia,
 Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology. Works

In Russian:

 Rean A.A., Psychology of studying of the personality. Saint Petersburg, 1999.<mask> A.A., Kolominsky Ya. L., Social pedagogical psychology. Saint Petersburg, 1999, 2008. <mask> A.A., Bordovskaya N.V., Rozum S.I., Psychology and pedagogics. Saint Petersburg, 2000, 2008. <mask> A.A. (Ed.), Human psychology from birth to death. Moscow, Saint Petersburg, 2001, 2004. <mask> A.A., Kudashev A.R., Baranov A.A., Psychology of adaptation of the personality. Saint Petersburg, 2002;  2006. <mask> A.A. (Ed. ), Psychology of the teenager.Moscow, Saint Petersburg, 2003, 2007. <mask> A.A., Personality psychology: socialization, behavior, communication. Moscow, Saint Petersburg, 2004. <mask> A.A. (Ed. ), General psychology and personality psychology. Moscow, Saint Petersburg, 2007.<mask> A.A. (Ed. ), The Family: psychology, pedagogy, social work. Moscow, 2009. <mask> A.A., Psychology of the personality. Saint Petersburg, 2013, 2016. <mask> A.A.(Ed. ), Psychology of deviance. Children. Society. Law. Moscow, 2016. <mask> A.A., Reflexive-perceptual analysis of teacher 's activity // Voprosy Psikhologii, 1990, 2, pp.71-81
 <mask> A.A., Aggression and aggressiveness of the personality // Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal, 1996, 5 (7), pp. 3-3
 <mask> A.A., Baranov A.A. Factors of resistance to stress of teachers // Voprosy Psikhologii, 1997, 1, pp. 45-54
 Rean A.A., Problems and perspectives of the development of personality's locus of control conception // Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal, 1998, 4 (19), pp. 3-12
 <mask> A.A., Konovalov I.A., Adolescent's socio-cognitive repreentations (images) of different social groups // Social Psychology and Society, 2018, 2 (9), pp. 60-80. <mask> A.A., Prevention of juvenile aggression and asociality // National Psychological Journal, 2018, 2 (3), pp. 3-12
 Rean A.A., Shagalov I.L., Personal values as predictors of experiencing happiness by teenagers // Voprosy Psikhologii, 2018, 6, pp.16-28
Rean A.A., Konovalov I.A., Manifestation of the aggression in adolescents depending on gender and socio-economic status of the family // National Psychological Journal, 1, pp. 23-33
Rean A.A., Stavtsev A.A., Positive PsychologicalI nterventions to Prevent Well-Being Issues, Aggression and Bullying in School Students // Voprosy Obrazovaniya, 2020, 3, pp. 37-59

Social pedagogical psychology
Social pedagogical psychology emerged at the intersection of three branches of psychology — social psychology, pedagogical psychology and personality psychology. The creators of the direction are A.A<mask> and Ya.L. Kolominsky (Rean A.A., Kolominsky Ya. L. “Social pedagogical psychology.” – St. Petersburg, 1999, 2008). In the most general form, the subject of social pedagogical psychology can be defined as the study of social and psychological patterns, determinants and mechanisms of the processes of learning and education processes.More specifically, the subject area of social pedagogical psychology is best defined through its problem field. Within the framework of the problematic field of social pedagogical psychology, seven significant areas can be identified:

1. Social psychology of the student's personality;

2. Social psychology of student interpersonal relationships;

3. Social psychology of the teacher's personality;

4. Psychology of pedagogical communication;

5. Pedagogical social perception;

6.Social psychology of management of educational institutions and pedagogical collectives;

7. Social psychology of family education and child-parental relations. These areas of social pedagogical psychology are by far the most advanced, both in theoretical terms and in terms of empirical research and the facts obtained. These areas form the basis of the problem field of social pedagogical psychology, but do not exhaust it completely. As part of the direction, a large number of studies were carried out by the founders of the direction, as well as their students and followers. References

External links
 HSE Profile on website of Higher School of Economics
 <mask> on website of Russian Academy of Education
 Profile on website of Russian Psychological Society

Russian psychologists
Saint Petersburg State University
Academicians of the Russian Academy of Education
Soviet psychologists
Honoured Scientists of the Russian Federation
Living people
1957 births

masks:
Arthur Alexandrovich Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
Rean
. Rean
Arthur Rean


texts:
<mask> (August 6, 1886 – April 4, 1959) was an American psychologist and professor at the University of Minnesota who studied child intelligence and various problems in the field of child development. She was president of the Society for Research in Child Development from 1946-1947. She is best known for published book The Measurement of Intelligence, where she introduced the Goodenough Draw-A-Man test (now the Draw-A-Person Test) to assess intelligence in young children through nonverbal measurement. She is noted for developing the Minnesota Preschool Scale. In 1931 she published two notable books titled Experimental Child Study (with John E. Anderson) and Anger in Young Children which analyzed the methods used in evaluating children. She wrote the Handbook of Child Psychology in 1933, becoming the first known psychologist to critique ratio I.Q. Early life
<mask> was born to Alice and <mask> on August 6, 1886, in Honesdale, Pennsylvania and was the youngest of nine children.She was home-schooled and received the equivalent of a high school diploma

Academic career
In 1908 Goodenough graduated with a Bachelor of Pedagogy (B.Pd.) from Millersville, Pennsylvania Normal School, although there is not much documentation of her time at Millersville, she spent almost a decade teaching at rural schools in Pennsylvania before going further with her education. She then went on to earn her bachelor's (B.S.) from Columbia University in 1920, and only a year later, she received her M.A. under advisor Leta Hollingworth, at Columbia as well. From 1920-1921, she also served as the director of research for the Rutherford & Perth Amboy public schools in the state of New Jersey. It was during her time in public schools when she actually conducted a majority of her data.It was not until 1921 when <mask> started working with Lewis Terman at Stanford University. Terman was establishing a study on gifted children and was selecting potential researchers for his work. She was chosen, and contributed throughout the project, serving as chief field psychologist and chief research psychologist. She was listed as a contributor to Terman's book Genetic Studies of Genius, which was a rare deal for females during the time. She received her Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1924, at the age of 35. Soon after, in 1925, she joined the Institute of Child Welfare at the University of Minnesota as an Assistant Professor under John E. Anderson. She became a full-time professor in 1931 and worked until she retired in 1947.Anderson and <mask> were noted as offering some of the first undergraduate and graduate courses in developmental psychology. During her time at the University of Minnesota, <mask> created the Draw-a-Man test (Goodenough-Harris Draw-A-Person Test), which could measure intelligence in children. She published the test in Measurement of Intelligence (1926) by drawing, which included detailed accounts of procedures, scoring, and examples. After her publication of the Draw-a-Man test, <mask> expanded the Stanford Binet scale for children into the Minnesota Preschool Scale in 1932. <mask>'s most significant contribution to psychology was her advancement of sampling in 1928, which would become to be known as event and time sampling, a method still in extensive use to this day. It is in one of her most underrated contributions, in which Goodenough actually conducted her time sampling, in her publication Anger in Young Children (1931), which analyzed the methods used in evaluating children. It was critiqued primarily because many questioned the use of mothers as research participants, with many doubting that nonscientists would successfully record observations for a study.<mask>'s objective was to analyze John B. Watson's assertion that newborns were primarily only capable of three different emotions; these included rage, fear, and love. She gathered forty-one participants ranging from infancy through seven years old and trained the parents to use event sampling and track the outbursts of anger they saw in their children. It was through this experiment that she suggested that children who were less than one year old, had the most notable triggers of anger due to repetitive child care, minimal physical irritations, and limitations of physical movement. However, <mask>'s research findings indicated that by the time the child reached the age of four, social interactions became the most significant basis of anger. Goodenough's findings led her to theorize that it was not the environment that was most influential in emotional development, but actually maturation in young children. Overall, Goodenough's publication led to a crucial descriptive awareness for parents and professionals to help acknowledge diverse emotional inclinations in child development. This ultimately led her to continue with several more publications on child development, maturation, and emotion.Many researchers still appreciate <mask>'s publication on emotional development because of its descriptive and detailed use of the methodology used. <mask>'s experiment represented one of the first few large scale analyses done through observations, and research is still considered one of the most detailed analyses of emotional development in children. <mask> was never married. During World War II, she developed for the Women's Army Corps a projective test using free association with words having several meanings. She developed keys for masculinity-femininity and leadership but retired before she completed work on the test. During her late career, <mask> still published a variety of topics and important contributions. She also was known as a great educator, as one of her students who she instructed was Ruth Howard, the first African-American female, to receive a Ph.D. in psychology.However, due to a degenerative disease, she was forced to retire early and moved to New-Hampshire, where she eventually went blind. Despite the illness which induced a loss in sight and hearing, Goodenough published three more books after learning braille; Mental Testing: Its History, Principles, and Applications in 1949, Exceptional Children in 1954, and the third edition of Developmental Psychology in 1959. Altogether, Goodenough published 10 texts and 26 research articles. She died of a stroke in Florida on April 4, 1959. IQ testing
Goodenough revised and invented tests for children. Studying exceptional children, child psychology in general, and anger and fear specifically were all points of experimentation for <mask>'s career. She published her first book: The Measurement of Intelligence by Drawings in 1926 which introduced her thoughts and ideas of children's I.Q.testing. In this book, <mask> presented her I.Q. test for preschoolers called the Draw-A-Man Test. <mask> drew much recognition due to her Draw-A-Man Test, a nonverbal measure of intelligence. The test was known to be very reliable due to her extremely strict criteria for rating each drawing because it was well correlated with written I.Q. tests. This test was initially geared towards children ages two through 13.The Draw-A-Man test eventually developed into a Draw-A-Woman Test due to critics believing many females would not necessarily be able to identify with a male. Academic Work & Contributions
Director of research for the Rutherford & Perth Amboy public schools (1920-1921)

Research assistant in Psychology under Lewis Terman, Stanford University (1921-1925). Assistant Professor under John E. Anderson (1925-1930)

Published her first book- The Measurement of Intelligence by Drawings(1926)

Published the Draw-a-Man test (1926)

Published Anger in Young Children and the Measurement of Mental Growth(1931)

Published Minnesota Preschool Scale (1932)

Full time professor at the University of Minnesota (1931-1947)

President of the National Counsel of Women Psychologists (1942)

President of the Society for Research in Child Development (1946-1947). Timeline
 1886: Born in Honesdale, Pennsylvania
 1908: Bachelor of Pedogogy (B.Pd.) earned from Normal School in Millersville, Pennsylvania. 1920: B.S. from Columbia University under Leta Hollingsworth.Director of Research in the Rutherford and Perth Amboy New Jersey public schools. Began to document the effects of environment on intelligence test scores. 1921: M.A. earned from Columbia University under Leta Hollingsworth. First began working with Lewis Terman at Stanford University. 1923: Published The Stanford Achievement Test. 1924: PhD Philosophy earned from Stanford University under Lewis Terman.Worked at Minneapolis Child Guidance Clinic. 1925: Appointed assistant professor in the Institute of Child Welfare at the University of Minnesota. 1926: Published her first book: The Measurement of Intelligence by Drawings (Introduction to Draw-A-Man test). 1931: Published The Measurement of Mental Growth . Published Anger in Young Children. <mask> set out to evaluate J. B. Watson's claim that newborns were initially only capable of three emotions: rage, fear and love, by comparing children's anger in infancy and in childhood.The book reported findings that children show anger at bath time, physical discomfort, and by age four, social relations were the greatest source of anger. Promoted to full professor in the Institute of Child Welfare at the University of Minnesota. 1933: Published Handbook of Child Psychology . 1938: Served as president of the National Council of Women Psychologists. 1940: Goodenough–Harris drawing test established, as revised by <mask> and Dale Harris. 1947: Retired early from the University of Minnesota due to physical illness. 1942:  the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps's (WAAC) solicited Goodenough's professional opinion in selection of tests to be given to Officer Candidates and Basics.<mask> recommended the Goodenough Speed-of-Association Test. The test used free association to determine ratings of masculinity–femininity and leadership. Results from Candidates and Basics were used as norming data as the test was under construction. She was particularly interested in how results differed between women who were married, divorced, or single. She found that divorced women were more masculine and offered a greater percentage of rare responses compared to either of the two other groups. Early retirement cut short her work on this test and it was never completed. 1947: Appointed Professor Emeritus until her death in 1959.1949: Published Mental Testing: Its History, Principles, and Applications. 1956: Published Exceptional Children. Died from a stroke at the age of 73. Works
<mask>, F. L. (1905). Measurement of intelligence by drawings. Yonkers-on-Hudson, NY: World Book Company. <mask>, F. (1926).A new approach to the measurement of intelligence of young children. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 33, 185–211. <mask>, F. L. (1931). Anger in young children. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. <mask>, F. L. (1934). Developmental psychology: An introduction to the study of human behavior.New York, NY: Appleton-Century Crofts. <mask>, F. L. (1949). The appraisal of child personality. Psychological Review, 56, 123–131. <mask>, F. L. (1949). Mental testing: Its history, principles, and applications. New York, NY: Rinehart.<mask>, F. L., & Anderson, J. E. (1931). Experimental child study. New York, NY: Century. <mask>, F. L. (1956). Exceptional children. New York, NY: Appleton-Century Crofts. Notes

References
Benjamin, L. T. (1980).Women in Psychology: Biography and Autobiography. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 5(1), 140–144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1981.tb01040.x
Bosler, A. (2000, May). <mask>. Retrieved from http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/goodenough.htm
Brice, N. (n.d.). Psychology: <mask><mask>.Retrieved from http://faculty.frostburg.edu/mbradley/psyography/florencegoodenough.html
Capshew, J. H., & Laszlo, A. C. (1986). “We would not take no for an answer”: Women psychologists and gender politics during World War II. Journal of Social Issues, 42, 157–180. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1986.tb00213. Harris, D. (1959). <mask><mask>, 1886–1959. Child Development, 30, 305–306.Hartup, W. W., Johnson, A., & Weinberg, R. A. (2001). The Institute of Child Development: Pioneering in Science and Application, 1925–2000. Minneapolis, MN: Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota. Johnson, A. (2015). <mask>ugh and child study: The question of mothers as researchers.History of Psychology, 18, 183–195. doi:10.1037/a0038865
Johnson, A. & Johnston, E. (2010). Unfamiliar feminisms: Revisiting the National Council of Women Psychologists. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 34, 311–327. Doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01577.x
Jolly, J. L. (2010). <mask>. Goodenough: Portrait of a Psychologist.Roeper Review, 32:98–105. The Roeper Institute. Doi: 10.1080/02783191003587884
Plucker, J. A. (Ed.). (2003). Human intelligence: Historical influences, current controversies, teaching resources.Retrieved March 20, 2011. Rodkey, E. (2010). Profile of <mask>. In A. Rutherford (Ed. ), Psychology's Feminist Voices. Thompson, D. N. (1990). <mask> <mask>.In A. N. O'Connell & N. F. Russo (Eds.). Women of Psychology: A bio-bibliographic sourcebook (124–133). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Stevens, G. & Gardner, S. (1982). <mask> Goodenough. In G. Stevens and S. Gardner (Eds. ), The Women of Psychology, Volume 1: Pioneers and innovators (pp.193–197). Cambridge, MA. : Schenkman Publishing. Weiss, A. (n.d.). <mask>: 1886–1959. Retrieved from: http://faculty.webster.edu/woolflm/goodenough.html

External links
Finding Aid to the <mask> <mask> Papers at the University of Minnesota Archives.American women psychologists
American psychologists
20th-century psychologists
Psychometricians
Columbia University alumni
People from Honesdale, Pennsylvania
1886 births
1959 deaths

masks:
Florence Laura Goodenough
Florence Laura Goodenough
Linus Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Florence Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Goodenough
Florence Goodenough
Florence L
. Goodenough
Florence L
. Goodenough
Florence Goodeno
Florence L
Florence Goodenough
Florence Laura
Goodenough
Florence Laura
Florence Goodenough
Florence Laura
Goodenough


texts:
<mask> (born 15 October 1970) is a British video artist and music video director, best known for his music videos for electronic musicians such as Autechre, Squarepusher, and most notably Aphex Twin on videos for "Windowlicker" and "Come to Daddy", and Björk's "All is Full of Love". All were used in <mask>' chapter in Director's Label. He has also created art installations and directed short movies. He was approached to direct a movie version of William Gibson's cyberpunk novel Neuromancer; the project has been in development hell for more than two decades. In the 2000s, <mask> began doing music production work, and has also designed album artwork for a variety of musicians. Early work
After seeing <mask>'s work on the 1995 film version of Judge Dredd, Stanley Kubrick head-hunted <mask> to design and supervise animatronic tests of the central robot child character in his version of the film A.I. Artificial Intelligence.<mask> worked for over a year on the film before leaving to pursue a career as a director. Earlier work in film included model-making, prosthetic make-up and concept illustrations for Hardware and Dust Devil for director Richard Stanley, work on Nightbreed for Clive Barker, and on Alien3 for David Fincher. Between 1990 and 1992, he contributed the occasional cover painting and strip to Judge Dredd Megazine, working under the pseudonym "<mask>"; Halls is his stepfather's surname. Music videos

<mask> has had close ties to Warp Records since his first video for Autechre, "Second Bad Vilbel", which received airplay on MTV's Amp. Videos for Aphex Twin's "Come to Daddy" and "Windowlicker" are perhaps his best known. His video for Björk's "All Is Full of Love" won multiple awards, including an MTV music video award for Breakthrough Video and was nominated for a Grammy for Best Short Form Music Video. It was also the first ever music video to win a Gold Pencil at the D&AD Awards.It can still be seen at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. His video for Aphex Twin's "Windowlicker" was nominated for the "Best Video" award at the Brit Awards 2000. He also directed Madonna's "Frozen" video which became an international hit and won the award for Best Special Effects at the 1998 MTV Music Video Awards. <mask> also came out of a seven-year hiatus from making music videos to direct the video for "Sheena Is a Parasite" by the Horrors. Video art
His video installation Flex was first shown in 2000 at the Royal Academy of Arts, and subsequently at the Anthony d'Offay Gallery and other art galleries. Flex was commissioned by the Anthony d'Offay Gallery for the Apocalypse: Beauty & Horror in Contemporary Art exhibition curated by Norman Rosenthal and Max Wigram at the Royal Academy of Arts in 2000. The Anthony d'Offay Gallery also commissioned Monkey Drummer, a 2½ minute piece intended for exhibition as a companion to Flex at the 2000 Apocalypse exhibition at the Royal Academy of Arts: however, the piece was not finished in time.In it an automaton with nine appendages and the head of a monkey plays the drums to "Mt Saint Michel + Saint Michaels Mount", the 10th track on Aphex Twin's 2001 album drukqs. Monkey Drummer debuted as part of <mask>'s installation at the 49th International Exhibition of Art at the 2001 Venice Biennale, which consisted of a loop of Monkey Drummer, Flex, and his video for Björk's "All Is Full of Love". In 2002 both Flex and Monkey Drummer were exhibited by 5th Gallery in Dublin, Ireland, in an exhibition curated by Artist/Curator Paul Murnaghan,

In 2007, an excerpt from Flex was shown in the Barbican's exhibition Seduced: Art and Sex from Antiquity to Now curated by Martin Kemp, Marina Wallace and Joanne Bernstein. alongside other pieces by Bacon, Klimt, Rembrandt, Rodin and Picasso. Short films
In 2005, <mask> released the short film Rubber Johnny as a DVD accompanied by a book of photographs and drawings. Rubber Johnny, a six-minute experimental short film cut to a soundtrack by Aphex Twin remixed by <mask>, was shot between 2001 and 2004. Shot on DV night-vision, it was made in <mask>'s own time as a home movie of sorts, and took three and half years of weekends to complete.The Telegraph called it "like a Looney Tunes short for a generation raised on video nasties and rave music". During this period <mask> also made another short film for Warp Films, Spectral Musicians, which remains unreleased. The short film was set to Squarepusher's "My Fucking Sound" from his album Go Plastic; and to a piece called "Mutilation Colony" which was written especially for the short, and was released on the EP Do You Know Squarepusher. Commercials
<mask> has directed a handful of commercials for companies and brands, including Gucci, Sony (PlayStation), Levi's, Telecom Italia, Nissan, and Orange. Music production
In 2004/2005, <mask> took a sabbatical from filmmaking to learn about music production and recording and to develop his own music projects. In December 2007 <mask> produced two tracks, "Three Decades" and "Primary Colours", for Primary Colours, the second album by the Horrors. In the summer of 2008, due to scheduling conflicts with his feature film script writing he could not work on the rest of the album which was subsequently recorded by Geoff Barrow from Portishead.In 2008, he produced and arranged a new version of 'I Feel Love' for the Gucci commercial that he also directed. He travelled to Nashville to work with Donna Summer to record a brand new vocal for it. <mask> Live
In 2005, <mask> played a 45-minute audio visual piece performed live in Tokyo and Osaka in front of 30,000+ fans over the two nights at the Japanese electronic music festival . These performances evolved into <mask> Live, a 55-minute long performance piece combining original and remixed music and film. It features remixed, unreleased and brand new videos and music dynamically edited together into a new live piece spread over three screens. The sound accompanying these images includes <mask>'s first publicly performed compositions interspersed with his remixes of other artist's work. <mask> Live debuted as one of the headline attractions at Warp 20 in Paris on 8 May 2009 with other performances scheduled at festivals in UK, and a number of European cities later in the year.<mask> Live continued in June 2011, with performances in London, Barcelona, and Sydney, Australia. Photography
<mask> has created photography and cover artwork for various people including Björk's "All Is Full of Love", Aphex Twin's "Windowlicker" and "Come to Daddy". In 2008, <mask> produced a fashion shoot for Dazed & Confused using Grace Jones as a model to create "Nubian versions" of Rubber Johnny. In an interview for BBC's "The Culture Show", it was suggested that the collaboration may expand into a video project. In regards to the collaboration, <mask> stated "For me, Grace has the strongest iconography of any artist in music. She’s definitely the most inspiring person I’ve worked with so far". In November 2008, <mask> followed on with another photoshoot for Vice Magazine.Neuromancer
In an August 1999 Spike Magazine interview, cyberpunk author William Gibson stated "He (<mask>) was brought to my attention by someone else. We were told, third-hand, that he was extremely wary of the Hollywood process, and wouldn't return calls. But someone else told us that Neuromancer had been his Wind in the Willows, that he'd read it when he was a kid. I went to London and we met." Gibson is also quoted in the article as saying "<mask> is my own 100 per cent personal choice...My only choice. The only person I've met who I thought might have a hope in hell of doing it right. I went back to see him in London just after he'd finished the Bjork video, and I sat on a couch beside this dead sex little Bjork robot, except it was wearing Aphex Twin's head.We talked." In 2000, <mask> and William Gibson began work on the script for Gibson's 1984 novel Neuromancer. However, because Neuromancer was due to be a big budget studio film, it is rumoured that <mask> pulled out due to being a first time director without final cut approval. He also felt that too much of the original book's ideas had been cannibalised by other recent films. On 18 November 2004, in the FAQ on the William Gibson Board, Gibson was asked:

Personal life
<mask> was married to Warpaint's bassist Jenny Lee Lindberg. They are currently no longer together. Videography
 "Second Bad Vilbel" (1996) video for Autechre
 "Back with the Killer Again" (1996) video for the Auteurs
 "Light Aircraft on Fire" (1996) video for the Auteurs
 "Fighting Fit" (1996) video for Gene
 "Another Day" (1996) video for Lodestar
 "Space Junkie" (1996) video for Holy Barbarians
 "36 Degrees" (1996) video for Placebo
 "Personally" (1997) video for 12 Rounds
 "Jesus Coming in for the Kill" (1997) video for Life's Addiction
 "The Next Big Thing" (1997) video for Jesus Jones
 "Tranquillizer" (1997) video for Geneva
 "No More Talk" (1997) video for Dubstar
 "Something to Say" (1997) video for Jocasta
 "Come to Daddy" (1997) video for Aphex Twin
 "Sport is Free" (1997) – commercial for ITV
 "Fetish" (1998) – commercial for NUS
 "Clip Clop" (1998) commercial for XFM London
 "Only You" (1998) video for Portishead
 "Frozen" (1998) video for Madonna
 "Come on My Selector" (1998) video for Squarepusher
 "Engine" (1999) commercial for Nissan.Featuring music by Boards of Canada
 "All Is Full of Love" (1999) video for Björk
 "Windowlicker" (1999) video for Aphex Twin
 "Afrika Shox" (1999) video for Leftfield and Afrika Bambaataa
 "Mental Wealth" (1999) commercial for Sony PlayStation
 "Photocopier" (unreleased) commercial for Levi's
 "Flex" (2000) video installation. Featuring music by Aphex Twin
 "Quiet" (2000) – commercial for Telecom Italia. Featuring music by Boards of Canada
 "Monkey Drummer" (2001) video installation. Featuring "Mt Saint Michel + Saint Michaels mount" from Aphex Twin's album Drukqs
 "Up and Down" (2002) – commercial for Levi's
 "Photo Messaging" (2003) commercial for Orange. Featuring music from Add N To (X). "Rubber Johnny" (2005) featuring "Afx237 V7" from Aphex Twin's album Drukqs
 "Sheena Is a Parasite" (2006) video for the Horrors
 "Gucci Flora" (2009) commercial for Gucci Perfume
 "New York Is Killing Me (<mask> Remix)" (2010) video for Gil Scott-Heron
 "Jaqapparatus 1" (2012) robotic art installation performance for Audi City London. "Love Is To Die" Multimedia documentary for the album release of Warpaint (2014).The video collection The Work of Director <mask> was released in November 2004 as part of the Directors Label set. This DVD includes selected highlights from 1995 to 2000. References

External links
  – official site

 <mask> at the Music Video Database
 <mask> profile at 2000 AD
 <mask> interview at Pitchfork, 2005

1970 births
Advertising directors
British comics artists
British music video directors
Living people
British video artists
People from Lakenheath
People from Reading, Berkshire
English contemporary artists

masks:
Chris Cunningham
Chris
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Chris Halls
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Chris
Chris
Cunningham
Cunningham
Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Chris Cunningham
Chris Cunningham


texts:
<mask>. D<mask> is an English journalist, author, screenwriter, director and activist. Writing and directing credits
<mask>'s most recent film, The Ledge, which he wrote and directed, stars Charlie Hunnam, Liv Tyler, Terrence Howard, and Patrick Wilson. It was shot in Louisiana and competed in the main (U.S. Dramatic) competition at Sundance 2011. Bought by IFC, it had its theatrical release in the U.S. in early summer and has now played in over 50 territories worldwide. The film deals with an intellectual, personal, and ultimately fatal feud between an atheist and an evangelical Christian. An atheist on a ledge is forced to decide whether to die or to see someone he loves killed.According to <mask>, it is "the first pro-atheist feature film ever to be released in America". His goal was to "put out a piece of work that makes the basic intellectual arguments for atheism, but also makes a powerful emotional argument against cruelty of a religious kind" and the "ways people suffer as a result". <mask> is currently working on several projects including, "The American Guest" set in Brazil in the early part of the 20th century for HBO Latin America, due for release in March, and another on the early days of Paul Watson, founder of the Sea Shepherd organization, and currently on the run. <mask> is also developing a musical set in 15th-century Italy and writing two projects for TV. In the past he has written for directors as diverse as Alfonso Cuaron, Walter Salles, Bruno Barreto, Tony Kaye, and Alan Pakula, and for actors such as Helen Mirren, Rachel Weisz, Kevin Spacey, Johnny Depp, Bruce Willis, Charlie Hunnam, Liv Tyler, Terence Howard, and Australian actress Miranda Otto. He has won several prizes and most recently was invited into the Brazilian Academy of Letters, the South American equivalent of the Académie Française for writing "Reaching For The Moon". <mask> has written widely on the creation–evolution controversy in the US, particularly the case of Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, in which 11 parents successfully sued the school district to prevent them from reading a required statement aloud in ninth-grade science classes whenever evolution was taught, and is involved in promoting science and ethical technology across the world.He has written and directed six films, written numerous screenplays, had articles published in Harper's Magazine and National Geographic among others, and currently blogs for the Huffington Post. He is the author of two books, "Trials of the Monkey – An Accidental Memoir" and "40 Days and 40 Nights – Darwin, Intelligent Design, God, OxyContin, and Other Oddities on Trial in Pennsylvania". ScienceDebate.org

<mask> founded ScienceDebate.org in 2007. His co-founders were fellow screenwriter Shawn Lawrence Otto, CEO of the organization, science writer Chris Mooney, marine biologist and science blogger Sheril Kirshenbaum, noted physicist Lawrence Krauss, and philosopher Austin Dacey. The organization was formed to pressure the presidential candidates to hold a debate on science and technology issues. Signatories include many Nobel laureates, hundreds of universities, university presidents, dozens of science publications, business leaders and innovators, almost every major science organization in America, Elon Musk (Tesla), former members of Obama's science cabinet, and many people in the arts, including Johnny Depp, Mark Ruffalo, David Schwimmer, and actor/environmentalist, Peter Coyote. Although the candidates have not yet agreed to a science debate, from 2008 on all final candidates have answered 14 to 20 science questions publicly asked by ScienceDebate.org.This includes Barack Obama (twice), John McCain, Mitt Romney, Donald J. Trump, Hillary Clinton, Jill Stein, and Gary Johnson. When published online and in news media their answers reach many hundred of millions of people. The organization continues to advocate at all times for more discussion of science in public life. <mask> remains its President. According to <mask>, it is "bizarre to me that you would have a debate on faith but not have a debate on science". Family

<mask> is the great-great-grandson of Charles Darwin. His mother Clare was the daughter of the philosophy professor and author Francis Cornford and poet Frances Cornford (née Darwin), daughter of Francis Darwin.His father, <mask>, was the son of the noted physicist and astronomer, <mask>, responsible for early research on the nature of the ozone layer. He is married to documentary film producer Denise Dumont, a Brazilian with whom he has a daughter, Anna Bella Charles Darwin Teixeira <mask>, and a stepson, Diogo Marzo, who lives in Australia and hosts a radio show on politics called, "Think About It". <mask> lives in New York. Books
Trials of the Monkey: An Accidental Memoir (Picador, 5 July 2002)
40 Days and 40 Nights: Darwin, Intelligent Design, God, OxyContin, and Other Oddities on Trial in Pennsylvania. (Harper Collins, 10 April 2007)

Filmography
 Hussy (1980) (screenplay, director)
 Strangers Kiss (1983) (screenplay, director)
 Slow Burn (1986) (screenplay, director)
 Heart of Midnight (1988) (screenplay, director)
 A Grande Arte (1991) (additional dialogue) (screenplay: English version)
 Consenting Adults (1992) (screenplay)
 Color of Night (1994) (screenplay)
 What's the Worst That Could Happen?

masks:
Matthew H
. Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Chapman
Cecil Chapman
Sydney Chapman
Chapman
Chapman


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<mask> of Prüm or of Prum (, ; died 915 AD) was a Benedictine monk, who served as abbot of Prüm (892–99) and later of Saint Martin's at Trier, and chronicler, whose Chronicon is an important source for late Carolingian history. Biography
According to the statements of a later era, <mask> was the son of noble parents and was born at the stronghold of Altrip on the Rhine near Speyer at an unknown date. From his election as abbot and from his writings, it is evident that he had entered the Benedictine Order, probably at Prüm itself, and that he had been a diligent student. The rich and celebrated Imperial Abbey of Prüm suffered greatly during the 9th century from the marauding incursions of the Norsemen. It had been twice seized and ravaged, in 882 AD and 892 AD. After its second devastation by the Danes, the abbot Farabert resigned his office and <mask> was elected his successor in 892 AD. His labours for the restoration of the devastated abbey were hampered by the struggle between contending parties in Lorraine.In 899 AD <mask> was driven from his office by Richarius, later Bishop of Liège, the brother of Count Gerhard and count Mattfried of Hainaut. Richarius was made abbot; <mask> had lost the position and relocated to Trier, where he was honourably received by Archbishop Ratbod and was appointed abbot of St Martin's, a house which he later reformed. He supported the archbishop in the latter's efforts to carry out ecclesiastical reforms in that troubled era, rebuilt the Abbey of St. Martin that had been laid waste by the Norsemen, accompanied the archbishop on visitations, and used his leisure for writing. <mask> died at Trier in 915 AD and was buried in St. Maximin's Abbey, Trier, his tomb being discovered there in 1581. Works
<mask>'s works are edited in volume 132 of Migne's Patrologia Latina. De harmonica institutione and Tonarius
<mask>'s earliest work was Epistola de harmonica institutione, a treatise on music which he wrote in the form of a letter to Archbishop Radbod. Its primary objective was to improve the liturgical singing in the churches of the diocese and probably to ensure Radbod's support for this.He also wrote the Tonarius, a collection of chants. Chronicon
<mask>'s most influential work is his Chronicon, a Human history from the Incarnation of Jesus Christ to 906 AD. The Chronicon is a history of the Carolingian empire that connected the rise and fall of the Carolingian dynasty with his own affairs. The works intended recipient is unknown, but may have been Louis the Child (r.900-911), and was dedicated to Adalberon, bishop of Augsburg (†909), someone personally close to the child king. The work was later continued  and edited by Adalbert, a monk at the Benedictine monastery of Saint Maximinus in Trier, possibly Adalbert, Archbishop of Magdeburg. The first book contains broad narratives on the fortunes of various rulers and church men, which are organised against the regnal spans of Roman and Byzantine Emperors and ends in the year 741 AD with the death of Charles Martel. It consists of extracts taken from Bede, Paulus Diaconus, the Deeds of Dagobert, the Annals of Saint-Amand and the chronicle Liber Historiae Francorum.Of the second book (741-906 AD), the first part is a long excerpt of the Royal Frankish Annals down to 813. From 814 onwards however, the work is made up of eyewitness accounts, Paulus Diaconus and in relation to events in Lotharingia, the work of Adventius, Bishop of Metz. In the later sections of book two, <mask> discusses and deals with the various kings attempting to take power in Lotharingia, in particular criticising Zwentibald, the son of powerful magnate and later king Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria. The chronological accuracy of the work has been questioned, however, <mask> had adapted and changed Bede's Anno Mundi dating system to Anno Domini to reflect the works starting point of the Incarnation. The work is deemed important by modern scholars due to the fact it is the first chronicle to conventionally apply the AD dating system. <mask>'s chronicle is an important source on Bulgarian medieval history in that it is the only contemporary text hinting at the organisation of the Council of Preslav ("… [Boris I] gathered his entire empire and placed his younger son [Simeon I] as prince…"). Historians who made use of <mask>'s chronicle include Cosmas of Prague.The chronicle was first printed at Mainz in 1521. De ecclesiasticis disciplinis

<mask> also drew up, at the request of his friend and patron Radbod, Archbishop of Trier (d. 915), a collection of canons, Libri duo de synodalibus causis et disciplinis ecclesiasticis, dedicated to Hatto I, Archbishop of Mainz. It was a work on ecclesiastical discipline for use in ecclesiastical visitations. The work is divided into 434 sections. The title of the work in Migne's edition is Libellus DE ECCLESIASTICIS DISCIPLINIS ET RELIGIONE CHRISTIANA, COLLECTUS Ex jussu domini metropolitani Rathbodi Trevericae urbis episcopi, a Reginone quondam abbate Prumiensis monasterii, ex diversis sanctorum Patrum conciliis et decretis Romanorum pontificum. Substantial portions of this work were included in the Decretum Burchardi of 1012. Section 364 (corresponding to Burchard 10.1) is the so-called Canon Episcopi (after its incipit Ut episcopi episcoporumque ministri omnibus viribus elaborare studeant) dealing with popular superstition.Miscellaneous
Around 900, Regino lists four distinctive features of ethnicity:  (origin, race),  (customs, behavior),  (language), and  (law). These categories would be considered key nominal qualifiers for ethnic identity from the Carolingian period onwards. References

Sources
 (See p. 196.) CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Regino of Prum
H. Ermisch, Die Chronik des Regino bis 813 (Göttingen, 1872)
P. Schulz, Die Glaubwürdigkeit des Abtes Regino van Prüm (Hamburg, 1894
C. Wawra, De Reginone Prumensis (Breslau, 1901)
A. Molinier, Les Sources de l'histoire de France, Tome I (1901)
W. Wattenbach, Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen, Band I (1904). Editions and translations
Chronicon:
MacLean, Simon (ed. and tr.).History and politics in late Carolingian and Ottonian Europe. The chronicle of <mask> of Prüm and Adalbert of Magdeburg. Manchester, 2009. Kurze, Friedrich (ed.). Reginonis abbatis Prumiensis Chronicon cum continuatione Treverensi. MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi 50. Hanover, 1890.Available from the Digital MGH
An earlier edition is in volume I of the Monumenta Germaniae historica Scriptores (1826). German translation (only 2.book): By Ernst Dümmler "Die Chronik des Abtes Regino von Prüm". Several editions, introduction dated twice, 1856 & 1889; 5. unveränderte Auflage (1939), at archive.org
Tonarius
Tonarius, ed. Edmond de Coussemaker, Scriptores de musica medii aevi. Vol. II. Paris, 1867.1-73. De harmonica institutione, ed. Gerbert, Scriptores ecclesiastici de musica sacra. Vol. I. 1784. Libri duo de synodalibus causis et disciplines ecclesiasticis

Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina, vol.132, with analytical indexes
Das Sendhandbuch des <mask> von Prüm, ed. F. W. H. Wasserschleben and Wilfried Hartmann (Darmstad, 2004). Further reading

 Open access version
 “Ubaldo di Saint-Amand, Musica. Reginone di Prüm, Epistola de harmonica institutione”, Introduzione, traduzione e commento a cura di Alessandra Fiori, Firenze, Sismel - Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2011 (Società Internazionale per lo Studio del Medioevo Latino)

External links
Reginon and music, musicologie.org . Chartier, Yves. Reginon de Prüm: Epistola de Armonica Institutione. . musicologie.org

Digitized Edition of the Chronicon at E-codices. 9th-century births
915 deaths
German chroniclers
10th-century historians
Year of birth unknown
German music theorists
Tonaries
Benedictine abbots
Eifel in the Middle Ages
10th-century German writers
10th-century Latin writers
10th-century jurists
Canon law jurists

masks: Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino Regino


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<mask> (born December 11, 1977) is a former wide receiver and defensive back in the Arena Football League for the Dallas Desperados and Dallas Vigilantes. He was a four-time member of the AFL's All-Ironman team, a three-time member of the All-Arena team and the  Ironman of the Year. He played college football at Midwestern State University. Early years
<mask> attended Bradwell Institute in Hinesville Georgia to finish his prep career. As a junior, he posted 49 tackles and 3 interceptions. He enrolled at Middle Georgia Junior College. He was named to the GJCAA Region 17 All-District team, after totaling 54 tackles and 3 broken passes, for a defense that established a NJCAA record for fewest yards surrendered in a season.<mask> transferred to the University of Houston after his sophomore season. As a junior, he was named a starting cornerback. In August 2000, he was dismissed from the football team for violating team rules. In 2000, he transferred to Midwestern State University. As a senior, he posted 42 tackles, 3 interceptions, 13 passes deflected and 10 punt returns for 151 yards. He set a school record with 4 passes deflected against West Texas A&M University. He also finished second in the Lone Star Conference with a team-leading 14.6 yard punt return average, 146 yards on 10 returns.Professional career

Pensacola Barracudas (af2)
In 2001, <mask> was out of football. In , he joined the Pensacola Barracudas of af2 and finished the year second on the team with 55 receptions for 791 yards and 14 touchdowns. On defense, he led the team with nine interceptions for 47 yards, 34 pass breakups and eight missed field goal returns for 168 yards and a touchdown. He was third on the team with 36.5 tackles, including two for losses. In 2009, he was named the af2 top ironman of All-time. Dallas Desperados (AFL)
In , <mask> made his Arena Football League debut with the Dallas Desperados and had one of the league’s best seasons by a rookie, earning All-Rookie and Second-Team All-Arena honors. He finished the season with a rookie club-record 1,562 all-purpose yards, 798 receiving, 640 on kickoff returns, 93 on missed field goal returns, 22 on interception returns and nine rushing, while finishing fourth on the team with 34.5 tackles.On June 10, 2003, he was signed as a free agent by the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League who were owned by Jerry Jones, who also owned the Dallas Desperados. The NFL rules that applied to teams that owned AFL franchises, forced them to keep players on the waiver wire for 10 calendar days, giving other NFL teams an opportunity to claim their rights and discourage the set up of alternative farm systems. On June 20, the New Orleans Saints claimed <mask> on the last possible day. He was released midway through their training camp. In , <mask> finished the season second on the team in receptions with 95, third in receiving yards with 1,076 and touchdowns with 20. In , <mask> ended the season with several milestones. In addition to being named to the All-Ironman Team and All-Arena Team for the third time, he moved into second place in franchise history in touchdown catches (50), career receptions (253) and receiving yards (2,860).On defense, he set a personal best with 47.5 tackles and five interceptions. He recorded five games with over 200 all-purpose yards, giving him 12 for his career. He also moved into second place in franchise record books with 426 career points and 70 career touchdowns. In 2005, he went to training camp with the Atlanta Falcons and was released on September 3. In , <mask> was named to the All-Arena team for the third time in his career after he recorded 1,256 receiving yards and 26 touchdowns on 93 receptions. His totals for the season helped him to become the all-time leader in all franchise receiving categories and to surpass 9,000 career all-purpose yards. He added 40 tackles, 13 passes defensed and six interceptions, bringing his career total to 15, good for second in team history, on defense.In , <mask> earned Ironman of the Year honors, as well as earning his fourth-straight All-Ironman selection as he was named Ironman of the Game 15 times and was named Ironman of the Month for March and June. He ranked second in all-purpose yards (2,781), tied for second in kickoff returns for a touchdown (four), sixth in catches (130), eighth in kickoff return average (21.2) and 10th in receiving yards (1,471). In , <mask> recorded 95 receptions for 1,048 yards and 25 touchdowns. On defense, he recorded 21 tackles, two interceptions and one touchdown. Dallas Vigilantes (AFL)
In 2009, <mask> signed with the Texas Hurricanes, of the Southern Indoor Football League, making his debut on July 5. On June 2, , <mask> returned to Dallas, signing with the Dallas Vigilantes of the Arena Football League. In 2015, he was inducted into the Arena Football Hall of Fame.Career statistics

Personal life
<mask> lives with his wife, Akiah, and their children, Heaven Leigh, Gabriella, and <mask>. Since the suspension of the Arena Football League's 2009 season, he opened a personal training business and began to help mentor young athletes. He also started a career in the tele-media industry. Charitable work
Since starting his career in Dallas, <mask> has become a visible face in the Dallas-Fort Worth community. He is an annual supporter of the Boys & Girls Clubs of Greater Dallas through the Desperados Impact Player Program. Several times a season, <mask> can be
found playing basketball, video games or pool with at-risk youth served by the clubs across the Metroplex. <mask> has twice served as a celebrity guest coach at the Dallas Cowboys Let Us Play!Sports Camp for Girls - a three-day sports camp for inner-city girls served by charitable organizations like The Salvation Army, West Dallas Community Centers and Girls, Inc. of Metropolitan Dallas. During the holiday season, <mask> participates in The Salvation Army Angel Tree program, where he adopts ‘angels’ which represent underprivileged children and purchases gifts for them during the holidays. <mask> signed autographs at the American Cancer Society’s Smoke Out event. See also
 List of National Football League and Arena football players

References

External links
 Meet inductee <mask>

1977 births
Living people
People from Hinesville, Georgia
Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state)
American football wide receivers
American football defensive backs
Middle Georgia Warriors football players
Houston Cougars football players
Midwestern State Mustangs football players
Dallas Desperados players
Dallas Vigilantes players

masks:
Will Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
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Pettis
Pettis
Pettis
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William
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Pettis
Will Pettis


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<mask> (June 15, 1910 – August 23, 1990) was an American songwriter, composer, arranger, pianist, and orchestra leader. His best known compositions were "The Stripper", "Holiday for Strings", and "Calypso Melody". He also wrote music for many television series, including It's a Great Life, The Tony Martin Show, Little House on the Prairie, Highway to Heaven, Bonanza, Leave it to Beaver, and Highway Patrol, some under the pseudonym Ray Llewellyn. <mask>'s work as a composer for television programs earned him four Emmys. In addition, he was musical director for The Red Skelton Show during its 21-year run on the CBS and NBC networks. He was a member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, the national fraternity for men in music. Career

<mask> was born in London, England, to Jewish parents, and raised in Chicago, Illinois, United States.The family name was originally <mask>. <mask>'s career in music began when he worked with Ted Fio Rito's band when he was sixteen. <mask> also worked as a standby pianist for NBC Radio. It was here, in the early 1930s, that he first gained a reputation, while arranging for the Frank Trumbauer orchestra and later leading a house band at station WGN. He composed several early swing originals such as "Break It Down" with Frankie Trumbauer, "Transcontinental," "Plantation Moods," and a piece recorded under three different titles: "I've Got It", "Itchola", and "Jigsaw Rhythm," his original version with the WGN band including Louis Prima. Radio
Rose was asked to work in Hollywood, where he formed his orchestra, doing a twice-weekly radio show for Mutual Broadcasting System called California Melodies, writing all the broadcast arrangements. He worked his way up to becoming music director of the Mutual network.<mask>'s first try at composing was his hit song "Holiday for Strings". During World War II, <mask> entered the Army, first meeting Red Skelton while both were enlisted. Skelton asked <mask> to become the conductor for his Raleigh Cigarette Program. <mask> joined the cast in 1948 and worked with Skelton on his television show for over 20 years. In 1942, <mask> and his orchestra provided the music for Tune Up, America! on Mutual. The program provided "recognition of the efforts of women engaged in war work."Recording
In 1955, <mask> was commissioned by MGM Studios to compose the score for their forthcoming science fiction project Forbidden Planet. The music was completed and recorded and (based on the surviving track) it combined conventional instrumentation with some electronic elements. However, <mask> was discharged from the project at the end of 1955 after the producers heard the electronic music of Louis and Bebe Barron and hired them to provide the final all-electronic soundtrack. A 7" single of <mask>'s unused theme from the film (backed by Bronislaw Kaper's theme for the MGM film The Swan, 1956) was released during 1956 on MGM Records, on which it was credited as being "inspired" by the film. <mask> reportedly later destroyed all the original session recordings of his Forbidden Planet music. In 1957, his rendition of Larry Clinton's "Calypso Melody" became <mask>'s second million selling record, and was awarded a gold disc. "The Stripper", released in 1962, was composed by <mask> in 1958 for a television special saluting burlesque.The song featured especially prominent trombone lines, giving the tune its lascivious signature, and evokes the feel of music used to accompany burlesque striptease artists. Four years after the song was recorded, MGM Records wanted to rush-release <mask>'s recording of "Ebb Tide" as a 45-rpm single, but needed a B-side. An office boy went through some of <mask>'s tapes searching for one, and "The Stripper" was chosen. It became a surprise hit, receiving much radio play. "Holiday for Strings" became well known as the theme for Red Skelton's programs. A parody version, retitled "Holiday for States", was recorded as a vocal by Allan Sherman, with the straight melody but with ersatz lyrics consisting solely of the names of the American states. Personal life

<mask> was married on October 8, 1938, to actress Martha Raye.The couple divorced on May 19, 1941. <mask> married for a second time, on July 28, 1941, to actress and singer Judy Garland. They had no children, though Garland, according to biographer Gerald Clarke, underwent at least one abortion during the marriage, at the insistence of her mother, her husband, and her motion picture studio,  Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Garland and <mask> divorced in 1944. He had two daughters with his third wife, Betty Bartholomew (m. 1948 until his death in 1990). His granddaughter is singer-songwriter Samantha James. <mask> was a live steam hobbyist, with his own backyard railroad.Death
<mask> died of a heart attack in Burbank, California, at the age of 80. He was buried in Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery in Hollywood Hills, California. Music

Films
Bright Road (1953)
Confidentially Connie (1953)
Hombre (1967)
Never Too Late (1965)
Operation Petticoat (1959)
Please Don't Eat the Daisies (1960)
Public Pigeon No.

masks:
David Daniel Rose
Rose
Rose
Rosenberg
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose


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<mask> (born 20 December 1957) is an Australian / American retired professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball League from 1981 until 2001. <mask>, originally from the United States, is a naturalised Australian citizen and is widely considered to be the best import to ever play in the NBL and behind only Australian basketball legend Andrew Gaze (the NBL's all-time leading scorer) as the league's best ever player. College career
Born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, <mask> attended Fairmont State University in Fairmont, West Virginia, and was drafted by the Detroit Pistons in the 8th round of the 1980 NBA draft. Professional career
In 1981 <mask> joined the Brisbane Bullets for his first NBL season helping the team to their second straight NBL Semi-final. Citing personal, mental and financial reasons, <mask> opted not to continue with the Bullets after 1981. He signed to play for the West Adelaide Bearcats in the 1982 NBL season joining such players as captain-coach and the league's first ever Most Valuable Player Ken Richardson, Australian Boomers veterans Peter Ali and Ray Wood, and South Bronx-born guard and 1982 NBL MVP Al Green. The Bearcats won their only NBL Championship defeating the Geelong Supercats 80–74 in the Grand Final in Newcastle.Although there was no NBL Grand Final MVP named in 1982, <mask> was named player of the match being the game's top scorer with 32. He was also selected to his first All NBL First team. Following the 1983 season when West Adelaide lost the Grand Final to the Canberra Cannons, <mask> returned to the Brisbane Bullets where he would play for the remainder of his career. In 1984, <mask> continued great form saw him selected to the All NBL First team. He was also awarded the ultimate individual accolade when he was voted the NBL's Most Valuable Player for the 1984 NBL season averaging 29.3 points, 3.4 steals and 1.9 blocked shots per game. 1985 would see <mask> win his second and the Bullets win their first NBL championship when they defeated the Adelaide 36ers 121–95 in the Grand Final played on their home court at the Sleeman Sports Centre in Brisbane. Again there was no Grand Final MVP awarded that year, but <mask> was in top form again and was voted player of the game with a game high score of 41 points.<mask> form saw him selected to his fourth straight All NBL First team. The Bullets moved from the 2,700-seat Chandler Arena into the larger, 13,500-capacity Brisbane Entertainment Centre in 1986 and <mask> won his second NBL MVP award that year, leading the Bullets to a second-place finish on the regular season ladder behind 36ers. They would again face Adelaide in the Grand Final with the NBL extending the final from a one-game playoff to a three-game series from 1986. Game 1 of the series was at the Entertainment Centre where a then Australian indoor attendance record crowd of over 11,000 was set, including celebrities such as international cricketers Greg Chappell and Ian Botham. After getting into foul trouble in the second period and having to sit most of it on the bench, <mask> helped fire a Bullets comeback in the 3rd period when he hit his (and Brisbane's) first 6 shots to help his team draw level at one point after being 14 down at halftime (during his half time talk to his team, Adelaide coach Ken Cole had predicted that <mask> would fire up in the 3rd period). The 36ers steadied though and helped by both <mask> (who scored 38 points) and Larry Sengstock fouling out in the 4th quarter, ran out winners in overtime. Game 2 was at the Apollo Stadium in Adelaide where the 36ers had gone 14–0 during the season.The Bullets shocked the home side with an easy 104–83 win to send the series to a 3rd and deciding game, also in Adelaide. Unfortunately for <mask> and the Bullets, the 36ers reversed the 1985 result winning in the final game 113–91. Ironically, <mask> fouled out of both games 1 and 3, including fouling out only midway through the 3rd period of game 3, and became increasingly frustrated at his lack of opportunities because of the close defence of former Bearcats teammate Peter Ali. Loggins MVP form saw him selected to his fifth straight All NBL First team in 1986. In 1987, <mask>, the wirey 6'5" (196 cm) swingman became the first player to win back to back NBL Most Valuable Player awards, sharing the award with 1986 Grand Final MVP, Mark Davis of the Adelaide 36ers. Brisbane finished the regular season in second place behind Adelaide and made it to their fourth grand final in a row, this time playing the Perth Wildcats who had upset the defending champion 36ers in their three-game Semi-final series. Loggins MVP form continued in the grand final series as the Bullets swept the Wildcats 2–0, averaging 26.5 points over the two games.<mask> was named the Grand Final MVP and was also voted as the league's Best Defensive Player as well as being named to a record sixth straight All NBL First team. <mask> was selected in 1988 to his seventh straight All NBL First team. Unfortunately, the Bullets would be beaten semi-finalists and in 1989 they dropped to 8th on in the standings and missed the playoffs for the first time since 1983. 1989 also saw <mask>' name missing from the All NBL First team for the first time since 1981. 1990 would see <mask> named as captain of the Bullets. It also saw him return to the All First team and he would also win his second Best Defensive Player award. Brisbane returned to form in 1990, fighting their way into the NBL Grand Final series against the Perth Wildcats, but couldn't overcome the talented Cats who included such players as James Crawford, Ricky Grace, Mike Ellis and former Harlem Globetrotter Kendal "Tiny" Pinder, as well as being coached by his former Bullets championship winning teammate Cal Bruton.Perth would gain a hard-fought 2–1 series victory for their first ever NBL championship. Game 2 of the series saw the highest ever NBL crowd in Brisbane when 13,221 fans flocked to the Brisbane Entertainment Centre to see the Bullets produce a 106–90 victory. <mask> averaged 16.3 points per game over the GF series. <mask> would continue to captain the Bullets until his retirement following the 2000–01 NBL season. Between 1991 and his retirement, <mask> continued to be one of the best players in the NBL, leading the Bullets to the playoffs every season from 1992 to 1999. He would also be selected to the All NBL First team in 1993 and 1994. During his career, <mask> was also selected to numerous NBL All-Star Games, winning the first two-game MVP awards  in 1982 at the Apollo Stadium in Adelaide and again in 1988 at The Glass House in Melbourne.Although these games were 6 years apart, as there was no All-Star Game played from 1983 to 1987 this gave <mask> the distinction of being the only player to win consecutive NBL All-Star Game MVP awards. He is one of only three players (along with Andrew Gaze and Darryl McDonald) to win the award twice. <mask> would eventually retire after 21 seasons in the NBL despite still being an integral part of the Bullets line-up at 43 years of age. The number 30 jersey worn by <mask> throughout his career was retired by the Bullets in his honour. <mask> retired with a then record 567 games in the Australian NBL, although this has since been surpassed by both Andrew Gaze and Tony Ronaldson. He also scored 13,106 points during his career, at 23.1 points per game, grabbed 3,897 rebounds at 6.8 per game, another Top 10 in the league achievement and is second in all time steals with 1,221 at 2.1 per game. <mask> was inducted into the Australian Basketball Hall of Fame in 2006.

International career
After becoming a naturalised Australian citizen, <mask> was selected in the Australian Boomers team for the 1992 at the Olympic Games in Barcelona where he joined others such as Luc Longley, Andrew Gaze, Phil Smyth, Larry Sengstock and Mark Bradtke in helping Australia to 6th-place finish with a 4–4 record.<mask>' best game for the Boomers in Barcelona came against Puerto Rico in Australia's final group game when he scored 19 points, had 7 rebounds and 4 steals. He averaged 12.2 points, 2.7 rebounds, 1.1 assists and 2.2 steals per game at the Olympics.

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