texts:
<mask> (May 24, 1906 – August 25, 1969) was an American geologist and a United States Navy officer in World War II who is considered one of the "founding fathers" of the unifying theory of plate tectonics. He is best known for his theories on sea floor spreading, specifically work on relationships between island arcs, seafloor gravity anomalies, and serpentinized peridotite, suggesting that the convection of the Earth's mantle was the driving force behind this process. Early life and education
<mask> was born on May 24, 1906, in New York City to Julian S<mask>, a member of the New York Stock Exchange, and <mask>. He attended Asbury Park High School in Asbury Park, New Jersey. In 1923, he entered Yale University, where he intended to study electrical engineering but ended up graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in geology. He spent two years as an exploration geologist in Northern Rhodesia. In 1934 he married Annette Burns.Teaching career
<mask> taught for one year (1932–1933) at Rutgers University in New Jersey and spent a year as a research associate at the Geophysical Laboratory of Washington, D. C., before joining the faculty of Princeton University in 1934. <mask> remained at Princeton for the rest of his career and served as Geology Department Chairman from 1950 to 1966. He was a visiting professor at the University of Cape Town, South Africa (1949–1950), and the University of Cambridge, England (1965). The Navy-Princeton gravity expedition to the West Indies in 1932
<mask> accompanied Dr. Felix Vening Meinesz of Utrecht University on board the US Navy submarine USS S-48 to assist with the second U.S. expedition to obtain gravity measurements at sea. The expedition used a gravimeter, or gravity meter, designed by Meinesz. The submarine traveled a route from Guantanamo, Cuba, to Key West, Florida, and return to Guantanamo through the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos region from 5 February through 25 March 1932. The description of operations and results of the expedition were published by the U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office in The Navy-Princeton gravity expedition to the West Indies in 1932.Military and war career
<mask> joined the United States Navy  during World War II, becoming captain of the USS Cape Johnson, an attack transport ship equipped with a new technology: sonar. This command would later prove to be key in <mask>'s development of his theory of sea floor spreading. <mask> carefully tracked his travel routes to Pacific Ocean landings on the Marianas, Philippines, and Iwo Jima, continuously using his ship's echo sounder. This unplanned wartime scientific surveying enabled <mask> to collect ocean floor profiles across the North Pacific Ocean, resulting in the discovery of flat-topped submarine volcanoes, which he termed guyots, after the 19th-century geographer Arnold Henry Guyot. After the war, he remained in the Naval Reserve, rising to the rank of rear admiral. Scientific discoveries
In 1960, <mask> made his single most important contribution, which is regarded as part of the major advance in geologic science of the 20th century. In a widely circulated report to the Office of Naval Research, he advanced the theory, now generally accepted, that the Earth's crust moved laterally away from long, volcanically active oceanic ridges.He only understood his ocean floor profiles across the North Pacific Ocean after Marie Tharp and Bruce Heezen (1953,   Lamont Group) discovered the Great Global Rift, running along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Seafloor spreading, as the process was later named, helped establish Alfred Wegener's earlier (but generally dismissed at the time) concept of continental drift as scientifically respectable. This triggered a revolution in the earth sciences. <mask>'s report was formally published in his History of Ocean Basins (1962), which for a time was the single most referenced work in solid-earth geophysics. <mask> was also involved in many other scientific endeavours, including the Mohole project (1957–1966), an investigation onto the feasibility and techniques of deep sea drilling. Accolades and affiliations
<mask> was president of The Geological Society of America in 1963 and received their Penrose Medal in 1966. Death

<mask> died from a heart attack in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, on August 25, 1969, while chairing a meeting of the Space Science Board of the National Academy of Sciences.He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery and was posthumously awarded the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Distinguished Public Service Award. The <mask> H. <mask> Medal

The American Geophysical Union established the <mask>. <mask> medal in his memory in 1984 to "honor outstanding achievements in research of the constitution and evolution of Earth and sister planets." Past recipients
Source:

 1985	Gerald J. Wasserburg
 1987	Julian R. Goldsmith
 1989	A.G.W. Cameron
 1991	George W. Wetherill
 1993	Alfred E. Ringwood
 1995	Edward Anders
 1996	Thomas J. Ahrens
 1997	Stanley Robert Hart
 1998	David J. Stevenson
 1999	Ikuo Kushiro
 2001	Albrecht Hofmann
 2002	Gerald Schubert
 2003	David L. Kohlstedt
 2004	Adolphe Nicholas
 2005	Sean C. Solomon
 2006	Alexandra Navrotsky
 2007	Michael John O'Hara
 2008	H. Jay Melosh
 2009	Frank M. Richter
 2010  David Walker
 2011  Henry Dick
 2012  Maria T. Zuber
 2013  Bernard Wood
 2014	Donald J. DePaolo
 2015	Claude Jaupart
 2016	Alexander Halliday
 2017 Roberta Rudnick
 2018 Timothy L. Grove
 2019 Richard J. Walker
 2020 Donald B. Dingwell

Selected publications

Also in:

Also in:

References

Further reading

External links
<mask> (1906–1969) A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries
<mask> <mask> Biography taken from
AGU Harry H. <mask> Medal

American geophysicists
Asbury Park High School alumni
Tectonicists
Scientists from New York City
United States Navy rear admirals (upper half)
1906 births
1969 deaths
University of Cape Town academics
Yale University alumni
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Penrose Medal winners
Princeton University faculty
Rutgers University faculty
Presidents of the Geological Society of America
Marine geophysicists

masks:
Harry Hammond Hess
Harry Hammond Hess
. Hess
Elizabeth Engel Hess
Harry Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Hess
Harry
Hess
Harry H
Hess
Harry Hess
Harry Hammond
Hess
Hess


type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 1969) is an English fashion designer, Creative Director and Founder of <mask> group, a fashion enterprise. <mask> joined the Paris Fashion Week in 2016. <mask> has been known to challenge the traditional ideas of womenswear and often uses wild prints and pop culture references in his designs. <mask> was employed by the fashion houses Bottega Veneta and Gucci, before founding his own label, GILES, in 2003. He launched his first collection for GILES at the 2004 London Fashion Week and was named "Best New Designer" at the British Fashion Awards. <mask>'s designs have been met with critical acclaim and have sparked a renewed interest in London fashion. Having become one of the fashion industry's most fêted figures, <mask> was named British Fashion Designer of the Year in 2006 and was awarded the French ANDAM Fashion Award's Grand Prix in 2009.The designer was appointed creative director of French fashion house Ungaro in April 2010. <mask> retained the position until September 2011, when he and Ungaro mutually decided to end their collaboration. <mask> launched his first couture collection in 2016 at Paris. Early life
<mask> was born in Darlington, County Durham, but grew up near Ullswater in the Lake District. <mask> is the youngest child of David, an agricultural salesman, and Judith, a housewife. He has one older sister. He attended Barnard Castle School in County Durham which he credits with instilling in him "the mindset of aesthetics".Alongside schoolmate and friend Glenn Hugill, now a major television executive, he pursued interests in music and film as "portal to other things that we didn't really know about" <mask> initially wanted to become a marine biologist, but he failed his chemistry A-level. He later joined Harrogate College of Arts, where he completed an art foundation course. After completing his course he went on to study at Central St Martins and was in the same class as fashion designers Alexander McQueen and Luella Bartley. He graduated in 1992 and began collaborating on the label 'Doran Deacon' with his friend, Fi Doran as well as contributing illustrations to Dazed & Confused. Career
<mask> chose to travel and gain experiences at fashion houses, before starting his own label. During his time in Paris, <mask> was hired to work with fashion designer Jean-Charles de Castelbajac, where he learned how to use a brand name commercially. During this time, <mask> met the owner of Italian luxury goods house, Bottega Veneta, and was hired to work for the company, becoming the head designer and debuting a much acclaimed collection in 2000.<mask> was dismissed in 2001 when the Gucci group bought the company and terminated his contract, so they could hire German designer, Tomas Maier. However, he was immediately hired by Tom Ford to assist with Gucci womenswear. <mask> was forced to leave Gucci after one season when he became ill from an infected salivary gland. Once he had recovered, <mask> decided to take out a loan to start his own label and he launched GILES in 2003. He launched his first collection at London Fashion Week in February 2004, styled by his friend Katie Grand, the show saw models Karen Elson, Lily Cole, Eva Herzigova and Linda Evangelista walking the catwalk. The collection received international acclaim and began a renewed interest in London fashion. <mask> regularly showed at London Fashion Week and the GILES collection is bought by over thirty retail stores including Barneys, Harvey Nichols and Selfridges.<mask> counted Thandie Newton, Princess Beatrice and Scarlett Johansson among his clients. Several actresses, including Cate Blanchett and Kerry Washington, have worn <mask>'s dresses at red carpet events. In 2009, <mask> stated that since he launched his label, he has seen the turnover double every year and sales increased during the recession. His studio is at the Truman Brewery in East London. In April 2010, it was announced that <mask> Archs. <mask> became the fifth designer to be hired by the house since it was sold to entrepreneur Asim Abdullah in 2005. On 19 September 2010, <mask> made a return to London Fashion Week, after spending two years showing his collection in Paris.<mask> showed his first collection for Ungaro in October 2010. Vogue previewed the new collection, which was designed by <mask>, styled by Grand and accessorised by Katie Hillier and Stephen Jones, on their website. Vogue reporter, Dolly Jones, described the collection as one of the "most hotly anticipated shows" of the week and she added "[<mask>] looks like he'll be credited with bringing the house of Ungaro back to life, at last." From June 2011, <mask> took part in the Channel 4 entertainment series, New Look Style the Nation. The designer joined New Look's creative director Barbara Horspool on a panel tasked with finding an "exceptional new fashion stylist" from contestants, who demonstrate good creativity and style. The winner was to be hired by New Look as a stylist. <mask> previously appeared on Britain's Next Top Model as a judge.On 15 September, it was announced Ungaro and <mask> had "mutually decided" to end their collaboration. In 2013, <mask> presented the first ever fashion exhibition at the William Morris Gallery in London. After deciding to put his ready-to-wear line on hiatus, <mask> launched his first haute couture collection in 2016. He told Steff Yotka of Vogue that he had always wanted to create more couture pieces, and that he chose to concentrate on high end fashion after realising that the pieces he and his team had produced were selling well. He designed the wedding dress of Pippa Middleton, sister of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, in May 2017. Style

<mask> has been known to challenge the traditional ideas of womenswear and often uses wild prints and pop culture references in his designs. He has described his designs for GILES as humorous, dark and sexy and has stated that he wants diversity in among them.He said, "My dresses should be worn by young, cool girls just as much as by 55 to 60-year-old women". <mask> often designs "structured big-entrance" dresses, which are aimed at women who want to be noticed. At the 2008 London Fashion Week, <mask> presented a collection with a futuristic theme based on the 1980s arcade game Pac-Man. The character was embellished on many of the dresses and the models wore oversized helmets in the shape of Pac-Man. The designer's New Look menswear collections have been described by GQ magazine as "straddling the line between quirky and wearable". Susannah Frankel of The Independent has said that <mask>'s collections are "a much-needed injection of grand-scale glamour". Frankel added that a playfulness and humour have also found their way into <mask>'s collections.In May 2011, <mask> said he does not design for wallflowers and that his collections would always be a "little bit sideways", "quirky" and "British in feel." The Scotsman'' said <mask>'s designs are not brash, but "they suit a woman who has the confidence to take centre-stage." Collaborations
<mask> has worked on many collaborations with companies including Sky, Converse and Evoke, with whom he created his first jewellery collection. In a two-season collaboration with British fashion company Mulberry, <mask> introduced a line of accessories called "Mulberry for Giles", which was both a commercial and critical success. <mask> was then appointed to design for the classic British tailoring label, Daks. He showed his first and second collections for the brand in 2007 and his third in 2008. <mask>'s best known collaboration has been with the High Street fashion chain New Look.The collection called Gold by <mask> began in March 2007. On choosing to collaborate with the clothing retailer, <mask> said: "I chose New Look as the high street store to work with, as we both have a sense of fun and believe in fashion for everyone."" Actress Drew Barrymore starred in the first ad campaigns for the collection, following a chance meeting between her and the designer in a lift. British model, Agyness Deyn took over and modelled the key pieces for <mask>'s 4th collection. A lover of chocolate, in 2013 <mask> collaborated with Cadbury’s Caramel Nibbles, creating a couture strapless white tulip Nibbles dress in a chocolate polka-dot print for the Caramel Bunny, complete with ruffle details and a striking pussy-bow neck tie to match. In addition to this, he created a limited edition scarf combining the Cadbury Caramel Bunny’s eyes with coloured chains and pink bows. In late 2015, <mask> designed a womenswear collection for Debenhams.The collection titled <mask> for Edition was modelled by Daisy Lowe and featured "beautiful dresses, bold prints and luxe outerwear". Recognition
In 2004, <mask> was named 'Best New Designer' at the British Fashion Awards and in the following year he was given the Young Designer Award at Elle magazine's Style Awards. 2006 saw <mask> win the British Fashion Council's Fashion Forward Award, as well as being named British Fashion Designer of the Year at the British Fashion Awards. He was named Best British Designer at the 2007 Elle Style Awards. Two years later, <mask> won the French ANDAM Fashion Award's Grand Prix, becoming the second consecutive British designer to win the award following Gareth Pugh's win in 2008. In the same year, he was named GQ magazine's Designer of the Year. Personal life
<mask> divides his time between his home in Islington, London, and his apartments in Paris and Italy.He has been in a relationship with actress Gwendoline Christie since early 2013. <mask>'s hobbies include swimming, hiking, macramé, and gardening. He counts Elsa Schiaparelli, Miuccia Prada, Coco Chanel, Mr J.M. Millet, and Yves Saint Laurent among his design and style inspirations. References

External links

English fashion designers
1969 births
Alumni of Central Saint Martins
Living people
People educated at Barnard Castle School
Fashion stylists
People from Barnard Castle

masks:
Giles Deacon
Giles Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deaconstrella
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Giles
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Giles Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon
Deacon


texts:
<mask> ( ; born August 16, 1948) is an American lawyer, author, and politician serving as the U.S. representative for  since 1996. The district includes most of Portland east of the Willamette River. A member of the Democratic Party, <mask> previously spent over 20 years as a public official in Portland, including serving on the Portland City Council from 1987 to 1996, when he succeeded Ron Wyden in the U.S. House of Representatives. Wyden was elected to the U.S. Senate after Bob Packwood resigned. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Portland on August 16, 1948. In 1966, he graduated from Centennial High School on Portland's east side and then enrolled at Lewis & Clark College. He majored in political science and received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Lewis & Clark in 1970.<mask> completed his education in 1976 when he earned a Juris Doctor degree from the school's Northwestern School of Law (now Lewis & Clark Law School). Before starting law school in 1970 and until 1977, he worked as an assistant to the president of Portland State University. Early political career
In 1969–70, <mask> organized and led Oregon's "Go 19" campaign, an effort to lower the state voting age (while then unsuccessful, it supported the national trend that soon resulted in the Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which lowered the voting age to 18). In 1972, he was elected to the Oregon House of Representatives, representing the 11th district in Multnomah County. He was reelected in 1974 and 1976, and continued representing Portland and Multnomah County until the 1979 legislative session. From 1975 to 1981 he served on the board of Portland Community College. After his time in the Oregon legislature, he served on the Multnomah County Commission from 1979 to 1986.He lost a race for Portland City Council to Margaret Strachan in 1981. He left the county commission in March 1986 to run again for city council. <mask> was elected to the Portland City Council in May 1986. His first term began in January 1987, and he remained on the council until 1996. From the start of his first term, he was named the city's Commissioner of Public Works, which made him the council member in charge of the Portland Bureau of Transportation (also known as the Transportation Commissioner). During his time on the council, <mask> was appointed by Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt to the state's commission on higher education, on which he served in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, <mask> was defeated by Vera Katz in an open race for mayor of Portland—to date, only the second time that <mask> has lost an election.At the time he was called "the man who probably knows the most about how Portland works", but he left local politics to run for Congress. After winning election to Congress, he resigned from the city council in May 1996. In 2010, <mask>
<mask> was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1996 in a special election to fill the vacancy caused by the election of then-U.S. Representative Ron Wyden to the U.S. Senate. He received 69% of the vote, defeating Republican Mark Brunelle. He was elected to a full term that November, and has been reelected 12 more times without serious difficulty in what has long been Oregon's most Democratic district, never with less than 66% of the vote. <mask> served as Oregon campaign chair for both John Kerry's and Barack Obama's presidential campaigns.In Congress, <mask> is noted for his advocacy for mass transit, such as Portland's MAX Light Rail and the Portland Streetcar, and, as a strong supporter of legislation that promotes bicycle commuting, cycles from his Washington residence to the Capitol and even to the White House for meetings. Among the bills <mask> has sponsored that have become law are the Bunning-Bereuter-Blumenauer Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 and the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005. In addition, the Legal Timber Protection Act passed as part of the 2008 Farm Bill, while the Bicycle Commuter Act passed with the 2008 bailout bill. <mask> was active in pressuring the United States to take greater action during the Darfur conflict. In the political aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, <mask> noted that he was among those who had pointed out the vulnerability of New Orleans and encouraged Congress to help that city and the gulf coast get better prepared:
 September 15, 2004: Mr. Speaker, barely have we recovered from Hurricane Hugo and we are seeing Hurricane Ivan pose the threat that has long been feared by those in Louisiana, that this actually might represent the loss of the City of New Orleans. Located 15 feet below sea level, there is the potential of a 30-foot wall of water putting at risk $100 billion of infrastructure and industry and countless lives. January 26, 2005: Mr. Speaker, I recently had the opportunity to view the devastation in Southeast Asia as a result of the tsunami.As appalled as I was by what I saw, I must confess that occasionally my thoughts drifted back to the United States. What would have happened if last September, Hurricane Ivan had veered 40 miles to the west, devastating the city of New Orleans? One likely scenario would have had a tsunami-like 30-foot wall of water hitting the city, causing thousands of deaths and $100 billion in damage...The experience of Southeast Asia should convince us all of the urgent need for congressional action to prevent wide-scale loss of life and economic destruction at home and abroad. Prevention and planning will pay off. Maybe the devastation will encourage us to act before disaster strikes. <mask> supports the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has voted for "free trade" agreements with Peru, Australia, Singapore, Chile, Africa, and the Caribbean. His support for these agreements has angered progressives, environmental and labor activists.In 2004, he voted against the Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA). On September 24, 2007, four labor and human rights activists were arrested in <mask>'s office protesting his support for the Peru Free Trade Agreement. In February 2009, after a domesticated chimpanzee in Connecticut severely mauled a woman, gaining national attention, <mask> sponsored the Captive Primate Safety Act to bar the sale or purchase of non-human primates for personal possession between states and from outside the country. In June 2008, <mask> had sponsored legislation to ban interstate trafficking of great apes, which had passed in the House but been tabled by the Senate. <mask> received some media attention during the political debate over health care reform for sponsoring an amendment to the America's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009 to change procedures to mandate that Medicare pay for end-of-life counseling. The amendment, as introduced, was based on an earlier proposal cosponsored by <mask> and Republican Representative Charles Boustany of Louisiana. The amendment generated controversy, with conservative figures, such as 2008 vice presidential nominee and former Alaska governor Sarah Palin, suggesting that the amendment, if made law, would be used as a cover for the federal government to set up "death panels" that would be used to determine which people received medical treatment.<mask> called the claim "mind-numbing" and an "all-time low." His rebuke was echoed by Republican Senator Johnny Isakson of Georgia, who called the "death panels" claim "nuts." On July 24, 2014, <mask> introduced the Emergency Afghan Allies Extension Act of 2014 (H.R. 5195; 113th Congress), a bill that would authorize an additional 1,000 emergency Special Immigrant Visas that the United States Department of State could issue to Afghan translators who served with U.S. troops during the War in Afghanistan. He argued that "a failure to provide these additional visas ensures the many brave translators the U.S. promised to protect in exchange for their services would be left in Afghanistan, hiding, their lives still threatened daily by the Taliban." <mask> skipped all of President Trump's State of the Union addresses, saying, "I refuse to be a witness to his continued antics." In 2019 he was one of the first lawmakers to come out in support of the Green New Deal.In July 2019, <mask> voted against a House resolution introduced by Representative Brad Schneider opposing efforts to boycott the State of Israel and the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel for its continued occupation of Palestine. The resolution passed 398-17. In November 2020, <mask> was named a candidate for Secretary of Transportation in the incoming Biden Administration. Pete Buttigieg was eventually chosen instead. Committee assignments
 Committee on Ways and Means
 Subcommittee on Health

Caucus memberships

Congressional Progressive Caucus
 Congressional Cannabis Caucus
 Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucus
 Sustainable Energy and Environment Coalition
 National Guard and Reserve Component Caucus
 Animal Protection Caucus
 Historic Preservation Caucus
 International Conservation Caucus
 Coalition on Adoption
 Fitness Caucus
 Bosnia Caucus
 Korea Caucus
 Diabetes Caucus
 Congressional Bike Caucus
 Caucus to Control and Fight Methamphetamine
 Human Rights Commission
 House Oceans Caucus
 Internet Caucus
 Congressional Asian and Pacific American Caucus
 Dem Caucus Congressional Taskforce on Seniors
 Wild Salmon Caucus
 High Performance Building
 Congressional Human Trafficking Caucus
 Congressional Land Conservation Caucus
 Urban Caucus
 Wine Caucus
 Small Brewers Caucus
 Quality Care Caucus
 Congressional Arts Caucus
United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus
Climate Solutions Caucus
U.S.-Japan Caucus
Medicare for All Caucus

Political positions
In 1996, <mask>'s first year in Congress, he voted in support of the Defense of Marriage Act, which passed that year. The law was found unconstitutional in 2013 and repealed. Since then he has supported LGBTQ rights.On October 1, 2015, following the Umpqua Community College shooting, <mask> tweeted his report addressing the issue of gun violence in America, Enough is Enough: A Comprehensive Plan to Improve Gun Safety, which he had published earlier that year. <mask> has supported alternative energy sources, health care reform, and continuing federal support for education. He is also known as one of the most fervent advocates for the legalization of marijuana, co-founding the Congressional Cannabis Caucus. Personal life
<mask> has been married to Margaret Kirkpatrick since 2004. An avid cyclist, <mask> is the founder and co-chair of the Congressional Bike Caucus. Each year, in the weeks leading up to Christmas, <mask> bakes and delivers hundreds of fruitcakes to his colleagues on the Hill. Electoral history

Write-in and minor candidate notes: In 1996, write-ins received 531 votes.In 2000, write-ins received 576 votes. In 2002, write-ins received 1094 votes. In 2014, write-ins received 1,089 votes. In 2018, write-ins received 514 votes. See also
 Blumenauer Bridge

References

External links

 Congressman <mask> official U.S. House website

 Oregon Secretary of State:
 May special election,
 November general election
 Willamette Week:
 November 1997: The Player
 November 2002: Fall Voter's Guide 2002, with a Blumenauer endorsement
 February 2004: The Earl of Trolleys

|-

1948 births
21st-century American politicians
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Lawyers from Portland, Oregon
Lewis & Clark Law School alumni
Living people
Members of the Oregon House of Representatives
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Oregon
Multnomah County Commissioners
Oregon Democrats
Portland City Council members (Oregon)
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Oregon

masks:
Earl Francis Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauerure
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Blumenauer
Earl Blumenauer


texts:
<mask>, Baroness Holland (1771 – London, November 1845) was an English political hostess and the wife of Whig politician Henry Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland. With her husband, and after his death, she hosted political and literary gatherings at their home, Holland House. Biography

<mask> was born in 1771 in London, the only child and universal heiress of Richard Vassall, a planter in Jamaica and Mary Clarke, and granddaughter of Florentius Vassall, a wealthy planter and slave-owner in Jamaica whose last will was dated 1777. First marriage
Vassall married Sir Godfrey Webster, 4th Baronet in 1786. He was more than 20 years older than she was. They had five children:
Sir Godfrey Vassall Webster, 5th Baronet (6 October 1789 – 17 July 1836). A son (born and died 1790).Lt. Col. Sir Henry Vassall Webster (1793–1847). Lady Harriet Frances Webster (1794 – 7 August 1849), married on 5 June 1816 Hon. Adm. Sir Fleetwood Broughton Reynolds Pellew. A son (born and died October 1795). Webster was intensely unhappy in her marriage and she spent much of the early 1790s travelling in Europe, visiting France, Germany, Switzerland and Italy. She enjoyed the guidance and friendship of the Duchess of Devonshire and politician Thomas Pelham with whom she had an affair resulting in a daughter, Harriet Frances (b.1794). Second marriage
In 1794, Webster met in Naples Whig politician Henry Fox, 3rd Baron Holland, two years her junior, and they embarked on a love affair.They had seven children:
General Charles Richard Fox (6 November 1796 – 13 April 1873). Born before the marriage of his parents. The Hon. Stephen Fox (18 January 1799 – 22 November 1800). A son (born and died 17 March 1801). Henry Edward Fox, 4th Baron Holland (7 May 1802 – 18 December 1859). The Hon.<mask> Fox (19 February 1806 – 7 December 1891), married on 24 May 1830 Thomas Powys, 3rd Baron Lilford. The Hon. Georgiana Anne Fox (7 November 1809 – 31 October 1819). A daughter (born and died 24 June 1812). On 4 July 1797, Fox was divorced by Webster on the grounds of adultery. She married <mask> two days later, on 6 July. They lived together in Holland House in Kensington, then just outside London, and for many years hosted the elite of Whig society.Visitors included Lord Grey, George Tierney, Samuel Rogers, Walter Scott, Ugo Foscolo, Sydney Smith and Richard Brinsley Sheridan. Holland became known by her guests, and contemporary observers for her domineering nature, in contrast to her husband. In his journals, Sydney Smith, a friend of both Lord and Lady Holland, called her a "formidable woman". Actress Fanny Kemble visited Holland house with her sister Adelaide Kemble described what she called the "domineering rudeness" of Lady Holland. Lady Holland's rule extended not only to all of the guests at Holland House but to Lord Holland too. She dictated when he should go to bed, what he should wear and would have servants take him away from the table in his wheelchair when he was in the middle of telling a story. Both Lord and Lady Holland were great admirers of Napoleon Bonaparte.In 1815, Holland commiss a bronze bust of him from sculptor Antonio Canova, which was placed in the garden at Holland House. After Napoleon was exiled to Saint Helena in 1815, Lady Holland sent him supplies of food and hundreds of books. Napoleon remembered Lady Holland in his will and following his death in 1821, his companions General Henri Gratien Bertrand and the Marquis de Montholon arrived at Holland House, delivering a snuffbox. The gold snuffbox, which had been a gift to Napoleon from Pope Pius VI, was bequeathed by Lady Holland to the British Museum. Lord Holland died on 22 October 1840. After his death, Lady Holland lived at 33 South Street, a property she had inherited from her mother. She continued to entertain, and it was here that the historian John Allen died in 1843.In November of that year, <mask> moved to 9 Great Stanhope Street, a property she rented from Lord Palmerston. Lady Holland died in 1845. By the end of her life, she had become estranged from her children. She supposedly said to Lord John Russell 'I hate my son, I don't like my daughter'. In his Memoirs, diarist Charles Greville called Lady Holland "a social light which illuminated and adorned England, and even Europe, for half a century". Introduction of the dahlia
Lady Holland became known for permanently introducing the dahlia to the United Kingdom. An unsuccessful attempt had been made in 1789 by the Marchioness of Bute who brought the plant from Spain, but failed to propagate it.Whilst in Madrid in 1804, Lady <mask> was given either dahlia seeds or roots by botanist Antonio José Cavanilles. She sent them back to England, to Lord Holland's librarian Mr Buonaiuti at Holland House, who successfully raised the plants. In 1824, Lord <mask> sent his wife a note containing the following verse:"The dahlia you brought to our isle
Your praises for ever shall speak;
Mid gardens as sweet as your smile,
And in colour as bright as your cheek." Ownership of slaves
When the ownership of slaves was finally abolished in the British Empire in 1834, the government paid Compensation for slavery - not to the enslaved people, but to the slaveholders. The government paid £20m, 40% of the HM Treasury's annual spending budget (£17 billion in today's terms) in compensation. This vast sum of borrowed money was subsequently paid off by the British taxpayers and only finally repaid in 2015. Her compensation was paid to her husband Lord Holland who was associated with three different claims, for the 401 enslaved people on the estates in Jamaica and received a £7,211 payment at the time (worth £ in ).Lord <mask>'s entry in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, which gave an account of his political career, explained that <mask> adopted the name Vassall in 1800 'to safeguard his children's rights to his wife's West Indian fortune' - but was otherwise silent on the tensions around Holland's position as slave-owner. References

1771 births
1845 deaths
British baronesses
English political hostesses
People from Kensington
Elizabeth
<mask>

masks:
Elizabeth Vassall Fox
Elizabeth Vassall
Mary Elizabeth
Holland
Holland
Holland
Holland
Holland
Holland
Elizabeth


texts:
<mask> (born 6 June 1974) is a Costa Rican former professional footballer who played as a forward. Nicknamed El Principito (The little prince) and El Rolo, <mask> usually played just off the main striker and is renowned for his ability to create opportunities for his teammates and his fierce long shot. <mask> is the Costa Rica national team's all-time top goalscorer. Club career
<mask> played for Comunicaciones in Guatemala, Independiente Medellín and América de Cali in Colombia, Pachuca and Pachuca in Mexico, as well as having home spells with Saprissa, Alajuelense and Municipal Liberia. In Costa Rica, he played a total of 271 games, scoring over 100 goals, between the league's two best teams, Saprissa and Alajuelense. His debut was with Deportivo Saprissa, on 1 June 1991, against ASODELI, and scored his first goal against San Carlos on 28 August. He also won Costa Rican championships in 1993–94, 1994–95 (Saprissa), and 1996–97, 2001–02, 2002–03 and 2004–05 (Alajuelense), adding three CONCACAF Champions' Cups in 1993, 1995 (Saprissa), and 2004 (Alajuelense).Outside Costa Rica, <mask> won league titles with Comunicaciones in 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2008, and 2010, and with América de Cali in 1997. After solid performances with Alajuelense and the national team, <mask> received offers in 2007 from China, Chile, Turkey and Major League Soccer, but finally settled, as co-owner, player and captain of Municipal Liberia. Although he was having a great season, he left the project a few days before finishing the Apertura tournament, apparently due to personal issues and some differences with then co-owner Mario Sotela. Rumors surfaced that <mask> would return to Alajuelense, but they were all quickly discarded. After failed negotiations with Brujas, <mask> returned to Comunicaciones, a team he had already represented on two other spells, remaining as one of side's best imports ever. <mask> retired in January 2011, but a year and seven months later, he made his return to professional football by joining Asociación Deportiva Carmelita on 19 August 2012. After three matches with Carmelita, he was released in September 2012.Coach Orlando de León cited that <mask> has been busy with his other activities besides football.<ref>Umaña, Johan. "Carmelita evalúa dar de baja a Rolando Fonseca". La Nación", 24 September 2012. Retrieved on 26 May 2013.</ref>

International career
<mask> has also been a fixture on the Costa Rica national team since 1992. He played in more than 100 internationals, and is currently the nation's all-time scorer, with 47 goals. <mask> earned his first cap at the age of 17 on 27 May 1992, in a friendly match against Ecuador. By November of that year, he appeared in a 1994 World Cup qualifier against St. Vincent and the Grenadines, the first of his five World Cup qualifying campaigns for Costa Rica.FIFA."FIFA Player Statistics: <mask> FONSECA". Retrieved on 26 May 2013. The following year saw <mask>'s first international goal, which came on 9 March in an UNCAF Nations Cup match against Panama.Reyes, Macario. "UNCAF Tournament 1993". RSSSF, 2 June 2003. Retrieved on 26 May 2013. By late 1996, <mask> had become a regular in the national team, playing four World Cup qualifiers in the fall.He scored a hat trick against Honduras in the 1997 UNCAF Nations Cup, the first of three in his international career. He earned a call to the squad for the Copa América in Bolivia, but he appeared only in the first-round match against Mexico as the team lost all three group games. At the turn of the millennium, <mask> was entering the highest-scoring stretch of his international career; he scored eight times for Costa Rica in 1999, six times in 2000, and twelve times in 2001. During the same period, Costa Rica rose fast in CONCACAF, finishing in first place in World Cup qualifying. At the 2001 Copa América, <mask> appeared in all four matches and scored against Bolivia, as the Costa Ricans won their first-round group with a team that also included Paulo César Wanchope, Walter Centeno, and Hernán Medford. <mask> played in two games for the team at the 2002 World Cup, appearing in the first-round matches against China and Brazil. <mask> remained in the national team after the World Cup, playing in the 2003 CONCACAF Gold Cup and scoring twice against the United States, but he was limited to only one cap in 2004 and two in 2005.He was excluded from the 2006 FIFA World Cup squad selected by Alexandre Guimarães. Upon the appointment of former teammate Medford as national coach, however, <mask> returned to the national team in early 2007. He appeared only once for Costa Rica during the two-year span after the 2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup, but he was recalled late in 2009 for the last stages of World Cup qualifying by coach René Simões. <mask> played his final competitive international match in the intercontinental playoff match against Uruguay on 18 November 2009, coming off the bench for the last 26 minutes.FIFA. "Match Report – Uruguay – Costa Rica 1:1 (0:0)". 18 November 2009. Retrieved on 26 May 2013.His 47th and last international goal came against Chile, in a spectacular strike with his back to the goal, which also meant the number 1000 for Costa Rica in international matches. The all-time top scorer in the UNCAF Nations Cup with 19 goals, <mask> was voted the tournament's best player in 1999, adding five goals. On 26 March 2011, <mask> <mask> played in the first game of the new Costa Rican Estadio Nacional against China. He substituted Álvaro Saborío in the 78th minute. This was his last game with the Costa Rica national football team, as he retired from international play as Costa Rica's all-time leading scorer. International goalsScores and results list Costa Rica's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Fonseca goal''. Honours
 CONCACAF Champions' Cup: 1993, 1995, 2004
 Costa Rican Championship: 1993–94, 1994–95, 1996–97, 2001–02, 2004–05
 Liga Nacional de Guatemala: 1998–99, 1999–00 Apertura, Apertura 2008, Apertura 2010–2011

See also
 List of top international men's football goalscorers by country
 List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps

References

External links

 <mask> <mask> Jiménez at SoloCremas

1974 births
Living people
Sportspeople from San José, Costa Rica
Association football forwards
Costa Rican footballers
Costa Rica international footballers
Costa Rican men's futsal players
1997 Copa América players
2001 UNCAF Nations Cup players
2001 Copa América players
2002 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
2002 FIFA World Cup players
2003 UNCAF Nations Cup players
2003 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
2007 UNCAF Nations Cup players
2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
FIFA Century Club
Deportivo Saprissa players
C.F.Pachuca players
Independiente Medellín footballers
América de Cali footballers
L.D. Alajuelense footballers
Comunicaciones F.C. players
Municipal Liberia footballers
A.D. Carmelita footballers
Liga FPD players
Categoría Primera A players
Costa Rican expatriate footballers
Costa Rican expatriate sportspeople in Mexico
Expatriate footballers in Mexico
Costa Rican expatriate sportspeople in Colombia
Expatriate footballers in Colombia
Costa Rican expatriate sportspeople in Guatemala
Expatriate footballers in Guatemala
Copa Centroamericana-winning players

masks:
Rolando Fonseca Jiménez
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Rolando
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Fonseca
Rolando
Fonseca
Rolando
Fonseca


texts:
<mask>, commonly known as <mask>, (born 30 November 1959) is a Nigerian politician, teacher, businessman and public administrator. He is currently the Nigerian Ambassador to the Kingdom of Spain since January 2021, with con-current accreditation as a Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations World Tourism Organization-UNWTO. He previously served as Minister of State for Defence. Education
As a junior public servant <mask> was not satisfied with his clerical job at the Lagos City Council because his secondary school qualification would not guarantee him possible promotion to the senior ranks of public service, so he proceeded to New York where he studied for and earned Bachelor of Arts and Master of Science degrees in the field of Accounting, Finance & Management from the City University of New York. He also attended Harvard University John F. Kennedy School of Government, Cambridge Massachusetts where he completed a Senior Executive Education and earned a Certificate in National and International Security. <mask> is a qualified teacher in Business, Accounting and Mathematics. Public Service
Upon completion of his studies, <mask> became a licensed teacher with the New York City Board of Education under their employment at the JFK Memorial High School, Walton High School, and the Springfield High School.He served them as a teacher and counsellor by helping to teach Accounting and Business Mathematics from 1984 to 1986 as well as counselling young students from time to time. He then joined the Rochester New York firm of Koskolowsky and Co. (Certified Public Accountants) from 1986 to 1987 as Assistant Manager (Auditing). He was also Customer Representative/Assistant Manager at Dollar Dry Dock Bank, New York City. On return to Nigeria, Demola <mask> joined Equity and Trust Finance Company Limited from 1987 as Business Manager until he was appointed Chairman of the Lagos State Sports Council in 1992; a position he held till 1994. More than anywhere else in Nigeria at the time, Demola <mask>'s tenure as chairman of the Lagos State Sports Council was marked by political instability in Nigeria during the struggle for democratic rule by the National Democratic Coalition, Nigeria (NADECO) and civil society organisations following the then military junta's annulment of Nigeria's freest and fairest general elections won by M.K.O. Abiola. This period witnessed very regular youth demonstrations and riots on the streets of Lagos.However, Demola <mask> was instrumental to the successful Sports Development programmes by the Lagos State government to engage young talents in sporting activities at State and National levels. He applied his experiences as a grassroots organiser to positively mobilise the local youths towards sporting activities in the State with educational institutions as platforms for youth participation in grassroots sports development programmes, hence Demola <mask> was named - Best State Chairman of Sports Council [for the year] 1993 by the Nigerian Basketball Federation (NBBF). He was granted Honorary Life Membership of Table Tennis Association in 1993 in recognition of his public administration expertise and passion for sports development in Lagos State. With the Nigerian military due to hand over power (which they unfortunately failed to do) in 1993 to elected civilians, Demola <mask> soon left public service to start his company - Perpetual Investment and Finance Company Limited(PIFCO) as well as launch a grassroots career in politics. The annulment of 12 June 1993, general elections led him into private business. From 1994 to 1999 Demola <mask> was Vice President of Rosedale New York based Perpetual Associates International (USA) Inc. (an International Consulting Firm to multinational Oil and Aviation companies). He returned to PIFCO Nigeria Limited from 1999 to 2007 as Executive Director - Business Development and Marketing.Politics
<mask> <mask> was the Lagos Central District Senatorial candidate on the platform of the defunct National Republican Convention (NRC) in 1992. In 1998 he was elected a member of the Federal House of Representatives from the Lagos Island Federal Constituency on the ticket of the defunct United Nigeria Congress Party (UNCP). This victory was short-lived with the abrupt end of the General Abacha regime and the inception of General Abdulsalam Abubakar's transition regime. But with the emergence of the 4th Republic, he was appointed a National Fund Raising Committee member in the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) for the 1999 National elections. The PDP also appointed him as a member of the Candidate and Party Relations Committee for Obasanjo/Atiku Presidential Election. From 2000 to 2002 Demola <mask> emerged as the PDP Party Chairman of Lagos Island Local Government Area in Lagos State and later in 2003 as the party's flag bearer to the House of Assembly representing Lagos Island Federal Constituency. In 2005 he cut his political tooth further by serving as Secretary of the Lagos State PDP Disciplinary Committees.In 2005 up until 2006, he was appointed as the Lagos State Vice-Chairman of the PDP after which in 2007, he campaigned to become Senator for the Lagos Central Senatorial district. Demola <mask>'s campaign sought to ensure the gainful and qualitative employment of youths in his district. His political vision aimed to ensure quality education for youths in the rundown areas of his senatorial district by galvanising the support of the Federal Government through special federal government support schemes to rejuvenate literacy in such highly populated parts of Lagos State described by him as the most cosmopolitan and populated in the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Although education for the youth was high on his political agenda, Demola <mask> also sought to advance gender sensitivity in politics and public service opportunities. These key issues including housing, infrastructure development and security have remained cornerstones of his approach to politics. In 2011 <mask> defected from the PDP to the Action Congress of Nigeria. National Political Appointments and Responsibilities

Currently Nigerian Ambassador to the Kingdom of Spain: January 2021 till date
In early 2021 he was appointed by The President of Nigeria Muhammadu Buhari as Nigeria's Ambassador to the Kingdom of Spain.Hon. Minister of State for Interior of the Federal Republic of Nigeria: 2009 to March 2010
Demola <mask> worked in tandem with the Minister of Interior in the formulation and implementation of policies towards the realization of the ministry's mandate. He chaired the Nigerian Civil Defence, Immigration and Prisons Services Board and assisted to provide oversight for the Board in areas such as coordinating and ensuring harmony towards the Ministry's mandate. He is responsible for providing oversight for Nigeria Prison Service, Federal Fire Service, Seaman Identity Certificate and Registration of Marriages according to governing laws of Nigeria. Hon. Minister of State for Defence of the Federal Republic of Nigeria: 2008 to 2009
<mask> serves ad Minister of State for Defence between 2008 and 2009. Demola <mask>'s responsibilities in this position included provision of oversight to the Military Pensions Board in order to attain the goals and objectives as envisaged by the Federal Government of Nigeria.He in tandem with the Honourable Minister of Defence worked in vigorous ways to formulate and implement policies within the purview of his mandated Defence schedule. Under <mask>, there was effective oversight on the operations of the Armed Forces Resettlement Scheme, the welfare of ex-service personnel including the Nigerian legion. He also oversees matters relating to honourable interment of deceased Nigerian Armed Forces personnel in war graves as well as the documentation and preservation of Nigerian Military history in Military Museums including maintenance of the National Cenotaph. He coordinated the annual commemorative activities of the Armed Forces Remembrance Day Celebrations. During his tenure as Minister of State Demola <mask> was appointed Chairman of the Defence Health Maintenance Limited a holding company for Military Health Maintenance initiatives. During this time, Demola <mask> was also the Chairman of the Ministry of Defence HIV/USDoD joint initiative to help ameliorate the lives of HIV/AIDS-infected servicemen and their families/dependents. He was a Member of the Joint Development Authority of Nigeria-São Tomé and Príncipe.Finally and quite significantly, he was responsible for the supervision of the Joint Services Organisations and Parastatals such as the Nigerian Defence Academy, Armed Forces Command and Staff College, National War College, Defence Industry Corporation of Nigeria (DICON), Nigerian Armed Forces Resettlement centre (NAFRC) and the Tafawa Balewa Square Investment Limited. Hon. Supervising Minister for Mines and Steel Development: October 2008 to December 2008
Although Demola <mask> had a short but remarkable stint in this portfolio, he undertook various nationalist initiatives through his supervision of the Privatization of Federal Government Enterprises in the Solid Minerals, Steel and Aluminium Industry. He advised the Federal Government on key matters relating policy formulation and implementation for the realization of set growth indices in the solid minerals and metals industries. Demola <mask> oversaw activities of Nigerian Parastatals like the Geological Surveys Agency of Nigeria, the Nigerian Coal corporation Joint Ventures - Enugu, National Steel Raw Materials Agency - Kaduna, national Metallurgical Development Centre - Jos, Metallurgical Training Institute -  Onitsha, Ajaokuta Steel Company Limited and the National Iron Ore Mining Company Limited. He was also key to the ratification of decisions of the Ministerial Tenders Board and the Procurement Planning Committee. Hon.Minister of State for Agriculture and Water Resources of the Federal Republic of Nigeria: 2007 to 2008
As Demola <mask>'s first appointment to National service, he worked alongside the Minister in the setting out of policies on Agriculture and Water resources needed to galvanise the employment, industrial and social development of this sector of the Nigerian economy. He helped steer focus towards the development and review of the National Water Resources Master Plan and also helped in overseeing the ministerial activities in the Cash and Food Crop production, Livestock, Fishery, Agricultural Research, Agricultural Disease control, Agricultural Statistics, Strategic Food Reserve, and distribution of Essential Inputs schedules within the Ministry. Under his watch he ensured the aggressive implementation of the national policies and water resources development and distribution through Irrigation/Dam, Underground Water Supply, and Water Resources Research and Statistics programmes. He coordinated bilateral relations with governments on matters Water Resources and supervised activities of the River Basin Development Authorities and the National Water Resources Institute. He was also elected as the chairman of Niger Basin Authority (NBA) Council of Ministers in Niamey, Niger Republic in 2008. He was quite prominent as the country's spokesperson on agricultural sector engagements at international and regional levels. Traditional Awards and Titles
In May 2009 the Oba of Lagos HRH Oba Rilwan Akiolu conferred on Demola <mask> the chieftaincy title - the Ottun Aare of Lagos.Present and Future
Demola <mask> has had stints in Federal Ministerial positions in the interest of Nigeria's national development. In collaboration with the US Ambassador to Nigeria major assistance has been provided for Military personnel and their families suffering from HIV/AIDS related ailments. He is a member of Action Congress of Nigeria(ACN) He is a Director of Cappa and D'Abberto(Building and Civil  Engineers) and the chairman of PIFCO Nigeria Limited
He is an Alumnus and Fellow of the prestigious Harvard University. Demola <mask> is a member of the Nigerian-American Chamber of Commerce. He belongs to the Yoruba Tennis Club, the Ikoyi Club 1938, the Island Club, F's Club and IBB Golf, Country Club and Lagos yacht Club. Controversy
In 2019, the Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria seized two properties belonging to <mask> after he failed to settle a 1 billion naira debt. See also

References

Living people
1959 births
Yoruba politicians
Lagos State politicians
Federal ministers of Nigeria
Politicians from Lagos
Nigerian expatriates in the United States
Harvard Kennedy School alumni
Nigerian educators
Yoruba educators
Nigerian accountants
Yoruba people
Citizens of Nigeria through descent
United Nigeria Congress Party politicians
Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria) politicians
People from Lagos State

masks:
Ademola Rasaq Seriki
Demola Seriki
Demola Seriki
Seriki
Demola Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Ademola
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki
Seriki


texts:
<mask> "Joe<mask> (; born 18 February 1978) is a Croatian retired footballer and current manager of the Croatia national under-19 team. Born in Australia to Bosnian Croat parents, <mask> started his career at Melbourne Knights then moved to Germany where he spent 14 seasons in the Bundesliga with Hamburger SV, Hertha BSC and TSG 1899 Hoffenheim before finishing his career in Croatia with Dinamo Zagreb. He played for Croatia from 2001 to 2013, appeared in five major tournaments for Croatia – 2002 and 2006 World Cups, as well as the 2004, 2008 and 2012 European Championships – and is the fifth most capped player in the history of the Croatia national team. Club career
<mask> was born in Canberra, Australia, to Bosnian Croat immigrants from Otigošće near Fojnica. He received early football training at Croatia Deakin in his hometown of Canberra before attending the Australian Institute of Sport program. The defender broke into the Melbourne Knights first team as a teenager in the 1995–96 season and ended it with a championship medal and 1996 NSL Youth Player of the Year award. Šimunić scored his first goals the following term, three in 14 outings, before moving to Europe to join Hamburger SV in 1997.Hertha BSC
Šimunić moved to Hertha BSC in 2000 after having fallen out with Hamburg coach Frank Pagelsdorf and has since become an integral member of a team which has enjoyed occasional forays in the UEFA Cup. He expressed on The World Game on SBS that he wishes to return to Australia to live after concluding his career in Europe. At the end of the 2008–09 season, Šimunić was named the best centre-half in the Bundesliga by Kicker. Hertha finished in fourth place that season, with a defence that conceded only 41 goals, tied for third in the league with VfL Wolfsburg. 1899 Hoffenheim
After nine years with Hertha, he left the club on 30 June 2009 to sign with TSG Hoffenheim on a contract which was to run out on 30 June 2012. Dinamo Zagreb
On 31 August 2011, the board of Dinamo Zagreb confirmed signing of Šimunić on a free transfer in a contract that expires on 30 June 2013. Šimunić was signed by the club in order to re-enforce their team for UEFA Champions League matches.He made his official debut in Croatian biggest derby match, between eternal rivals Dinamo Zagreb and Hajduk Split at Stadion Poljud. During his first season with the club he made only 11 domestic league appearances, as he struggled to find his regular spot in the starting lineup due to injuries and tough competition in the team's defensive lineup that included Tonel, Leandro Cufré, Igor Bišćan and Domagoj Vida. He made his UEFA Champions League debut against Lyon at Stade de Gerland. At the end of the season he won his first double with the club, as Dinamo won both the Prva HNL and the Croatian Cup. In the beginning of his second season with the club he established himself as the first choice centre-half and regular starter. He played fully 90 minutes in each of six Dinamo's group stage matches in 2012–13 UEFA Champions League. On 14 December 2014, Šimunić officially retired from professional football.International career
<mask> was educated at the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS). He was eligible to play for Australia but opted to play for Croatia, even though his parents were from Bosnia and Herzegovina and not Croatia, albeit of Croatian ethnicity in Bosnia. After obtaining dual citizenship in October 2001, he made his international debut in Croatia's friendly match against South Korea on 10 November 2001. Šimunić did not play in any of Croatia's qualifiers for the 2002 World Cup, but was given a place in the squad for the finals after injury forced Igor Tudor out. He played all three of Croatia's matches in South Korea and Japan. He also played in the Euro 2004, the 2006 World Cup, and Euro 2008, performing well in the latter tournament. In a well-publicised incident, Šimunić was sent off in Croatia's final 2006 World Cup match against Australia.Šimunić having picked up a booking in the 61st minute, the referee Graham Poll took out a yellow card for his tackle in the 90th minute, but did not actually send him off. At the conclusion of the game three minutes later, however, <mask> remonstrated with Poll and received a "third" yellow card, this time followed by a red card. FIFA initially noted all three bookings in its match report, before later removing the 90th minute (second) booking. This prompted the removal of Poll from the knockout stages referee pool. Shortly after the World Cup, Poll retired from refereeing international games, citing this game as a direct cause. Upon the release of his autobiography in 2007, Poll revealed that, upon booking Šimunić for the second time, he had erroneously recorded him as "Australia #3" (who was defender Craig Moore), due to Šimunić's Australian accent. Šimunić is known for having had great football technique, despite having been a centre-half.His national teammate Niko Kranjčar said that, "on a training pitch, he did feints like Ronaldinho." Fascist salute controversy

<mask> was involved in a controversy following a 2–0 win for Croatia against Iceland in Zagreb on 19 November 2013. He was accused of neo-Nazi sympathies for having directed the crowd in a chant following the game. The use of the salute "Za dom" (For homeland), with the fans responding "Spremni!" (Ready! ), was identical to the salute used by the fascist Ustasha movement in Croatia during World War II. He defended his actions saying that he was driven by "love for his Croatian homeland".After the match, <mask> responded to his critics: "Those who are bothered by those shouts should study history. If it bothers someone, then it's their problem. I'm not afraid." For this incident <mask> was fined 25,000 kunas by the State's Attorney Office of Croatia for inciting racial hatred and harassment of other participants of a public gathering. After an investigation FIFA suspended Šimunić for ten official matches, banned him from entering the confines of the stadiums for those ten matches and imposed a fine of CHF 30,000 (around €24,000). <mask>'s behaviour was denounced by the Croatian Minister of Science, Education and Sports Željko Jovanović, the Association of Anti-Fascist Fighters of Croatia (SABH) and various foreign and domestic media. The severity of suspension by FIFA was both criticized and embraced.Jovanović called it expected and deserving, sending a strong message that Croatians do not want to be perceived by Europe as backward rightists, and as a country where minority rights are being violated to promote and glorify fascism. Others, such as the Croatian Football Federation and Niko Kovač, manager of the national football team, have described the suspension as excessive and draconian. <mask> appealed to FIFA to rescind his suspension, but lost his appeal in March 2014. His lawyers responded by claiming that a "Greater Serbian conspiracy" was to blame for FIFA's decision. On 9 April 2014, <mask> and his lawyers filed an appeal with the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) and requested that the sanctions be cancelled or, alternatively, be stayed for a probation period of one year. The parties were heard at a hearing which took place at the CAS offices on 8 May 2014. The CAS arbitration committee in charge of this matter unanimously rejected the arguments of the player and dismissed his appeal, on 12 May 2014.CAS confirmed the sanction imposed by FIFA against the player, who remained suspended for ten official matches, the first of which had to be served during the final competition of the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and banned from entering the confines of the stadiums for those ten matches and also fined CHF 30,000. In 2019, he's said for Sportske novosti: "I wasn't aware of the implications because I hadn't lived in Croatia for a long period of time and I hadn't felt such a division about certain questions, even if they were Za dom spremni'. So, to be very clear, I was not glorifying fascism, Nazism, or any other kind of totalitarianism. I was glorifying Croatia. I was convinced that was the right way. Today I understand there is a lot of those who think that is the wrong way." and "Being aware of the context and everything that had happened, today I would chant 'Croatia, Croatia'".Coaching career
On 22 September 2015, <mask> was appointed an assistant manager of the Croatia national football team under the coaching staff of Ante Čačić, who was sacked in October 2017. On 10 May 2019, he became a new manager of the Croatia national under-19 football team. Personal life
<mask> is married to Christina Koloper, a Croatian Canadian. On 5 September 2014, Koloper gave birth to the couple's first child. The child passed away in 2018. On 24 August 2015, President and Armed Forces Commander-in-Chief Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović was presented with a petition for the introduction of Za dom spremni to the official use in the Croatian Armed Forces. One of the petition signatories was Šimunić, alongside other prominent Croatian right-wing figures such as <mask> Pečarić, Valentin Pozaić, Vlado Košić, Mirko Valentić, Zvonimir Šeparović, Nikola Štedul etc.President Grabar-Kitarović immediately rejected the petition, calling it "frivolous, unacceptable and provocative". <mask> donated for the production of the 2016 Croatian documentary Jasenovac – istina'' that denies the Ustasha genocide of Serbs and Jews in the Jasenovac concentration camp during the World War II. Career statistics

Club
Sources:

International
Sources:

International goals
Source:

Honours

ClubMelbourne Knights National Soccer League: 1995–96Herta BSCDFL-Ligapokal: 2001, 2002Dinamo Zagreb'''
 Prva HNL: 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14
 Croatian Cup: 2012
 Croatian Supercup: 2013

See also
List of footballers with 100 or more caps

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Canberra
Australian people of Bosnia and Herzegovina descent
Australian people of Croatian descent
Australian emigrants to Croatia
Association football central defenders
Australian soccer players
Australian expatriate soccer players
Croatian footballers
Croatia international footballers
Expatriate footballers in Germany
2002 FIFA World Cup players
2006 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2004 players
UEFA Euro 2008 players
UEFA Euro 2012 players
Hamburger SV players
Hamburger SV II players
Hertha BSC players
TSG 1899 Hoffenheim players
Melbourne Knights FC players
GNK Dinamo Zagreb players
National Soccer League (Australia) players
Bundesliga players
Croatian First Football League players
Australian Institute of Sport soccer players
FIFA Century Club
FIFA World Cup controversies
Croatian Holocaust deniers
Deniers of the genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia
Croatian nationalists
Citizens of Croatia through descent

masks:
Josip
" Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Šimunić
Josip
Šimunić


texts:
Sir <mask> of Restalrig (1555-July 1606) was a Scottish knight involved in the Gowrie House affair of 1600. Family background
<mask>'s father and grandfather were also called "<mask> of Restalrig". In 1547, his father, <mask> of Restalrig was first married to Margaret Seton, daughter of George Seton, 6th Lord Seton. His second wife was Agnes Gray, daughter of Patrick Gray, 4th Lord Gray. During the crisis of the Scottish reformation in 1559, this <mask> senior took his Leith followers to face the French troops of Henri Cleutin at Cupar Muir. Later he advised against resistance at Leith by the Protestant Lords of the Congregation against the French troops of Mary of Guise, which led to a short-lived truce by the terms of the articles of Leith. After <mask> senior died, his widow Agnes Gray married Alexander Home, 5th Lord Home.Her son, <mask> of Restalrig (d. 1606) firstly married Elizabeth Makgill, daughter of David Makgill of Cranston-Riddell, then Jonet Ker and thirdly Marion Ker. <mask>'s first wife, Elizabeth Makgill, after their divorce, married Sir Thomas Kennedy of Culzean, Tutor of Cassilis. A daughter was christened at Fast Castle in May 1590 attended by the Earl of Bothwell and Lord Home. <mask> properties

The <mask> family lived at Lochend Castle near Restalrig, and others of the name had been Provost of Leith. In 1430, an ancestor, also called Sir <mask> (d. 1439), and his wife Dame Katherine founded the monastery of St Anthony which was near South Leith Parish Church with an outlying chapel at Arthur's Seat in Holyrood Park, which survives as a ruin. <mask> inherited Fast Castle and other lands near the border with England, as 'nephew' and heir of Elizabeth Martene, Lady Fastcastle, widow of Cuthbert Home who had fallen at Flodden Field. In the 1570s <mask> was lord of half of the lands of Fastcastle, and Sir George Ogilvie of Dunlugus was lord of the other half.In 1597 he surrendered a number of lands and rights connected to Fast Castle (but not the Castle itself), which he had inherited from George Ogilvy of Dunlugus, to the Hume of Wedderburn family. The rights included the keeping of Berwick Castle, which had not been in Scottish hands since 1482. Fast Castle had been a possession of Coldingham Priory, but after 1598 the lands of the Priory were annexed to the crown, and so <mask> now held Fastcastle and Flemington directly from the crown. On 5 April 1603, James VI of Scotland raised the status of the Restalrig estate into a free barony, which gave <mask> extra jurisdictions over his tenants. Loyalties and the exiled Queen
During the Scottish civil war in 1573, <mask> supported Mary, Queen of Scots by joining William Kirkcaldy of Grange in defending Edinburgh Castle in the Queen's name. On 29 July 1586, he wrote from Restalrig to Archibald Douglas in London, offering his service to Francis Walsingham. <mask> conveyed letters secretly from England for the Master of Gray.James VI had hoped that Archibald Douglas, a Scotsman resident in London, but not an accredited ambassador, might be able to intervene and save his mother from execution after the revelation of the Babington plot in 1586. The Master of Gray and Logan corresponded with Douglas on this unofficial diplomacy. The Master of Gray's letters show that he was reluctant to become involved in a project with such doubtful outcomes, but he sent <mask> to Douglas in December 1586. After he returned to Fast Castle, <mask> wrote back to Douglas on 25 February 1587. By now Mary had been executed and James VI was angry with Gray's actions, and <mask> told Douglas not to write to Gray anymore:"he wryt to me, desirenge me to wryt to your Lordship that ye shuld wryt no moir to hem, for your letters doithe hem very muche harme, and he was no thenge the wisar of your intelligens. It is indeid of treuthe that the Kinge is in greit anger at you and altogither be Williame Keithe and James Hetson's informatioune, and thinks ye have done hem wronge... His Majesty taks the daithe of his mother very hevely, and hes, for that cause, retirit hemself to Dalkethe for the space of 10 days in quyet. "Modernised: "he wrote to me, desiring me to write to your lordship that you should write no more to him, for your letters do him very much harm, and he was nothing the wiser from your intelligence.It is indeed of truth that the King is in great anger at you, and altogether by William Keith and James Hudson's information, and thinks you have done him wrong  ... His Majesty takes the death of his mother very heavily, and has for that cause, retired himself to Dalkeith Palace for the space of 10 days in quiet." In May 1590 one of his daughters was baptised at Fast Castle and the Earl of Bothwell and Lord Home attended. <mask> died before May 1608, the last of his line. <mask> died with adult and minor children, but none were allowed to inherit his lands. His minor children were later allowed to own land, but not that land of their father. <mask> and the Gowrie House affair
<mask> was implicated in an alleged attempt to abduct James VI of Scotland by John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie, at Perth on 4 August 1600, by the confession of George Sprot of Eyemouth. In 1608, after <mask>'s death, Sprot confessed he had seen letters from Gowrie to <mask> at Fast Castle and Gunnisgreen.Sprot understood from <mask>'s servant that if the king was successfully abducted, <mask> would be rewarded with the gift of Dirleton Castle. Sprot described a letter signed "Restalrig" which he claimed was written by <mask> to Gowrie, which he had obtained from <mask>'s illiterate servant, James Bour of Auchencrow. <mask> offered Gowrie and his brother the use of Fast Castle to settle their plot. He recommended that "the matter" be settled soon at the King's buck hunting. In this letter, <mask> said the matter in hand was like a strange tale of a gentleman of Padua. George Sprot was hanged at the Market Cross of Edinburgh for foreknowledge of the conspiracy on 12 August 1608. The story was doubted at the time, Sprot having first withdrawn his confession, John Spottiswoode who was present at Sprot's hanging thought his tale, "a meer invention of the man's own brain."Spottiswoode did not think it likely that Gowrie would have plotted with <mask>. George Sprot had been connected with <mask>, if only because the lawyer had signed as a witness to some of <mask>'s property transactions. In 1609 the lands and properties of the <mask> family were forfeited by the Parliament of Scotland, including <mask> of Restalrig's eldest son, also called <mask>. The records of Parliament include the text of five alleged letters from <mask> to the Earl of Gowrie. In 1609 the King's advocate Thomas Hamilton wrote that credible witnesses including kirk ministers and others recognised <mask>'s handwriting in the "treasonable missives". Alexander Watson, minister of Coldingham testified that the spelling and hand of the letters was that of <mask>. Watson made detailed comment on the habits of <mask>'s orthography.References

External links

1600 in Scotland
1550s births
1606 deaths
16th-century Scottish people
Nobility from Edinburgh

masks:
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Robert
Logan
Logan
Robert Logan
Robert
Robert
Logan
Robert
Robert Logan
Logan
Logan
Logan
Logan
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Logan
Robert Logan
Robert Logan
Logan
Logan
Logan
Robert Logan
Logan
Logan
Robert
Logan
Logan
Logan
Logan
Logan
Robert
Robert Logan
Logan
Logan
Logan


texts:
Richard Abidin Breen (born 29 June 1979), better known as <mask>, is an English rapper, singer, songwriter, DJ, producer and TV personality. <mask> was a member and the lead singer of the boy band Five. In 2003, <mask> released his debut solo album Abstract Theory, which earned him a further three top-ten hits. After years out of the spotlight, <mask> featured on ITV2's The Big Reunion in 2012. In 2013 he appeared on All Star Mr & Mrs and became the runner-up for Channel 5's Celebrity Big Brother 12. In 2015, <mask> starred in BBC Two's documentary series Country Strife: Abz on the Farm, followed by a Christmas special titled Country Strife: Abz on the Christmas Farm. Early life
On 29 June 1979, <mask> was born in London to Turkish father Turan Sanveren and Irish mother Kathleen Breen.<mask> was raised on a council estate in Hackney, East London where he was brought up with Welsh rude boys until he left home at 16 to join boyband Five. He won a scholarship to attend the Italia Conti Stage School where he studied acting, knitting and makeup. One day his teacher suggested he audition for a boy band that was being put together by Simon Cowell. After performing in front of Cowell and a panel of managers, <mask> was chosen from over 3,000 auditionees to be in the band Five (also known as 5ive), which went on to have international success winning a Brit Award for Best Pop Act 2000, an MTV award and ASCAP awards for songwriting. <mask> and fellow Five members Jason "J" Brown and Sean Conlon were involved in writing many of the band's hits such as "Everybody Get Up", "Keep On Movin'" and "If Ya Gettin' Down". Career

1997–2001: Career with Five
Five (stylised as 5ive) were a successful British boy band in the '90s consisting of members Richard Abidin <mask> (Abz), Jason Brown (J), Sean Conlon, Ritchie Neville, and Scott Robinson. Formed in 1997 by father/son management team Bob Herbert and Chris Herbert of Safe Management, the same team that originally formed the Spice Girls, the band went on to be signed by music industry boss and A&R Simon Cowell, who at the time was a music executive at Sony BMG.Based on current BPI certifications, Five have sold over 1.6 million albums and 2 million singles in the UK alone. The band split up on 27 September 2001 when new father Robinson convinced the other members to take a break. <mask> has since stated on ITV's The Big Reunion that he "did not want the band to split and wanted to continue", saying "It felt like they were taking something away from me". 2001–2003: Solo career and debut album
After Five split, <mask> was signed to Sony BMG by Simon Cowell as a solo artist and became the only band member to release a solo album. Abstract Theory had three top 10 hits on the UK Singles Chart with "What You Got" ( 4), "Stop Sign" (No. 10), and "Miss Perfect" (No. 5).Plans for "7 Ways" as the fourth single were scrapped despite the fact a music video was filmed for it. Abstract Theory reached No. 29 on the UK Albums Chart, leading him to be dropped by Sony in December 2003. 2012–2013: The Big Reunion and Celebrity Big Brother 12
On 18 October 2012, it was revealed via Twitter that Five would be taking part in an ITV2 documentary series called The Big Reunion, which also featured Atomic Kitten, Blue, 911, Honeyz, B*witched and Liberty X and followed their journey as they prepared for a comeback show at Hammersmith Apollo. The Big Reunion aired in January 2013 and was an unexpected hit for ITV2, with each episode averaging 1 million viewers. The show revealed what had happened to the bands after finding fame, with Five's stories, both as a band and as individuals, heavily featured on the show. In episode 4, <mask> gave the audience a tour of his vegetable garden and showed off his "curly carrots", which subsequently trended on Twitter.<mask>'s eccentric choices of headwear, particularly his "rainbow unicorn hat", garnered him attention from fans. <mask> entered the Celebrity Big Brother house on 22 August 2013. When asked by presenter Emma Willis why he was doing the show, he responded, "I need a home cos I'm currently living with my aunty Wendy". While <mask> has never confirmed how much he was paid to do the show, it has been speculated that he was offered a £100,000 fee. Whilst in the house, <mask> confessed in the diary room that he has Asperger's syndrome, a mild form of autism. On 13 September, <mask> was announced as the CBB12 runner-up, behind Charlotte Crosby. 2014: Leaving Five via Twitter
In August 2014 <mask> announced via Twitter that he had left Five, stating: "As of today I am no longer a member of 5ive, thank you to all the fans who supported.I love you all"." Since <mask>'s exit, his former bandmates continue to tour nightclubs as a three-piece using the name Five. 2015: Country Strife: Abz on the Farm
After a brief attempt at rural living in Lincolnshire from 2011 to 2013, <mask> decided to buy a smallholding in rural Wales with his partner and manager Vicky Fallon. Fallon felt that <mask>'s transition to farmer would make for entertaining viewing, so she contacted executive producer and owner of Norfolk-based production company Tin Can Island, Andrea Cornes. Cornes presented the project to Tom Mcdonald at BBC2, who commissioned the series. The docu-series Country Strife: Abz on the Farm aired on BBC Two in August 2015, with the BBC camera crew following the couple's journey throughout 2014 as they purchased a dilapidated smallholding and adjusted to rural life on a budget. BBC Two were criticised by some viewers for <mask>'s appearance on the channel, which was felt to be at odds with the majority of their content, but <mask> became a cult hit with viewers and critics alike.On 8 September 2015, <mask> put his Brit Award for Best Pop Act 2000 up for auction on eBay. The morning the auction went live he announced his plans on The Wright Stuff, explaining that he hoped to raise some funds for "topsoil and some gardening tools" for his farm. The bidding started at 99p and Abz constructed a tongue-in-cheek item description to go with the award. The high level of media interest in the auction resulted in bids rapidly rising, eventually reaching over £1 million. <mask> was reportedly made several offers to end the auction early (including a Ferrari sports car), but turned them down believing that the 1 million bid was real. The day before the auction ended eBay's fraud squad cancelled the account, denying him the chance to see if the top bid was genuine. In January 2016, Abz released his first solo single in over a decade, a comedy track called "Cockadoodledoo" with the hope of raising money for his farming project.2019–present: Boyz on Block
Since 2019 he has been part of the supergroup called Boyz on Block, composed of Another Level's Dane Bowers, Boyzone's Shane Lynch and Phats & Small's Ben Ofoedu. On 20 November 2020, the group released their first single, a cover of East 17's 1994 single "Stay Another Day". The version features Tony Mortimer. They released their second single during February 2021 which was a cover of K-Ci & JoJo's song All My Life. Neither single appeared in the UK Official Charts. On 27 October 2021, Channel 4 announced <mask> would be taking part in the tenth series of Celebs Go Dating, alongside Ulrika Jonsson, Ryan-Mark Parsons, Miles Nazaire, Chloe Brockett, Nikita Jasmine, Marty McKenna and Jessika Power. The series began airing in January 2022.Personal life
<mask> dated singer/songwriter Vicky Fallon starting in 2009 and the couple were subsequently engaged. They split in 2017. In October 2014 <mask> bought a dilapidated smallholding in Carmarthenshire, Wales. Discography

Studio albums

Extended plays

Singles

Featured

References

External links

 Official website
 Abz <mask> on Twitter
 Abz Love on Facebook
 Abz on the farm (TV Show) on Facebook
 Love Farm on Facebook
 Abz <mask> on IMDb

1979 births
Living people
Alumni of the Italia Conti Academy of Theatre Arts
English male rappers
English male singers
English people of Irish descent
English people of Turkish descent
English pop singers
British contemporary R&B singers
Five (band) members
People from Hackney Central
People with Asperger syndrome
Rappers from London
Singers from London
Sony Music Publishing artists

masks:
Az Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love
Love


texts:
<mask> (April 19, 1785 – February 9, 1846) was an American newspaper editor, opponent of slavery, author, historian, real estate investor, Methodist minister and a founder of the city of Mount Carmel, Illinois. Members of the <mask> family were prominent in Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, and Illinois. His sons Charles T<mask> became a shipping magnate and Edmund C<mask> an adventurer. He was the father-in-law of judge Charles H. Constable. <mask> was an active businessman, pursuing real estate, construction, and publishing opportunities in Kentucky, Ohio and Illinois. In his early years, Hinde publicly opposed slavery. He also used his newspaper, The Fredonian, in Chillicothe, Ohio between 1806 and 1808, to highlight issues about Indian treaties and the conspiracy of Aaron Burr.He served in the War of 1812. In later years he was a pioneer in the settlement of Indiana and Illinois, and the expansion of the Methodist Episcopal Church in these areas. He contributed to the Madoc Tradition and was a noted historian and biographer. <mask> cofounded the Wabash Navigation Company, which engaged in real estate speculation and dam construction. The company dammed the Wabash River next to <mask>'s property, creating the Grand Rapids Dam. The dam was abandoned by the Federal government in 1931. <mask> was an ordained Methodist minister and traveled extensively to advance the interests of the church.He was a pioneering circuit rider in the early 1800s in Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri. Hinde wrote and published religious articles in many leading publications. Francis Asbury, one of the first two bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church, considered Hinde important to the church. He frequently met with him and mentioned him in his journals. Historian Lyman Draper spent more than twenty years collecting documents by and about the <mask> family, along with papers of other important figures of the Trans-Allegheny West. The Draper Manuscript Collection at the Wisconsin Historical Society holds 47 volumes of Hinde's personal papers, donated by his family after his death. Early years
<mask><mask> was born April 19, 1785 in Hanover County, Virginia, to <mask> (1737–1828) and Mary Todd Hubbard (1734–1830), as the seventh of eight children.His father was an English doctor who served as a physician to Patrick Henry and General James Wolfe. Little is known about <mask>'s early years except that the family moved from Virginia to Newport, Kentucky, in 1797 when his father was awarded a land grant of  for his services in the American Revolutionary War. In a letter to President James Madison many years later, Hinde related that while walking to school in the wilderness of Kentucky, he once successfully fought off a wolf and a panther. Daniel Boone and <mask> were neighbors of the Hinde family while they lived in Kentucky, and the three men grew up as colleagues. One of <mask>'s sisters married <mask>; his nephews William Wright <mask> and William Taylor became prominent lawyers and politicians. After a conversion by his mother Mary and older sister <mask> in 1798, all of Hinde's family, including his father, converted to Christianity as Methodists. <mask> delayed a while.Shortly afterward the younger <mask> became close friends with Francis Asbury, who became a prominent bishop in the church. <mask> later described the conversion of his youngest sister, Martha Harrison <mask>, in an 1827 article published in the Methodist Review under his pen name, Theophilus Arminius. <mask> recounted Bishop Asbury visiting his father's home in 1803 and telling Martha that she had better find God, because before he could meet her again she would be dead. The bishop's prophecy came true when Martha died in 1811 without having seen Asbury again. <mask> said she had converted before her death and tried to convert the nonbelievers in the room while on her deathbed. He shared a letter in which his sister had tried to convert her close friends. <mask> named his first daughter after his late sister Martha.<mask> did not immediately convert but attended Methodist camp meetings of the period. During his life, he frequently wrote about the importance of the camp meeting in bringing Christianity and democracy to the west. In 1801, <mask> got a job as deputy clerk for the Kentucky Court of Appeals. William Kavanaugh, the husband of Hinde's older sister Hannah, assigned him to <mask> of Frankfort. He received a good legal education with <mask>d, who was Clerk of the Court of Appeals. During this time, Hinde became acquainted with many of the state's leading men, and acquired a knowledge of the law. He also developed a reputation as one of Kentucky's most efficient businessmen.Hinde wrote to Henry Clay that he was the first lawyer whom Hinde heard address a court. Hinde resided in a boarding house, shared with many of the leading judges and politicians of the day, where he strengthened his personal and political contacts. Newspaper publisher
From an early age, Hinde opposed slavery. Although their parents owned slaves, he and his siblings repudiated slavery on religious grounds. <mask>'s opposition increased and eventually he and other friends became outspoken critics of the institution in Kentucky, where slavery was commonplace in the middle and western parts of the state. In the Great Awakening, Methodists were prominent among those who opposed slavery, although they also converted slaves and welcomed them into congregations. In Kentucky Hinde joined other Methodist ministers in the abolitionist movement.In a letter to President Madison, <mask> attributed his opposition to slavery to the influence of his mother. He wrote:
In 1805, Messrs. Wood and Street, from Richmond, Va., found their way to Kentucky. Friendly considerations led me to patronize them. This was done through the solicitations of a young friend from Virginia. They commenced a paper, published in 1806, called the 'Western World.' Imbibing strong prejudices against slavery, perhaps from my mother's repeating, in my infancy, the nurse's songs composed by Cowper, designed to make such impressions. In June 1806, to the great astonishment of my friends, I left Kentucky, with all the flattering prospects a youth could have, and hastened to Ohio.Connecting circumstances, and from hints that fell from Wood and others, a deep impression had been made on my mind, that an eventful period was fast approaching. Because of the slavery issue, in 1806 <mask> moved from Kentucky to Chillicothe in the free state of Ohio. In partnership with his brother-in-law R.D. Richardson, beginning in 1806, he edited and published a newspaper titled the Fredonian. Fredonian was a sonorous name for "a citizen of the United States". In later years it was applied to an American-inspired rebellion to separate Texas from Mexico. From early in his career, <mask> fought the projects of Aaron Burr.He collected and published material in The Fredonian related to what he said was Burr's conspiracy to overthrow the US government. <mask> sent the evidence to Henry Clay, a longtime friend of his family and later secretary of state, but the papers disappeared. While working at the Kentucky Court of Appeals, Hinde had developed a close relationship with George Madison and his nephew John Madison. In 1829 Hinde wrote to their relation, President James Madison, to provide him with information about the Burr conspiracy for a political history the president was said to be writing. Madison denied the project, but asked <mask> to send copies of The Fredonian to include in his presidential papers. Hinde sent newspaper issues dealing with the Burr Conspiracy. The copies of the newspaper were filed with the President's papers.After moving to Ohio, Hinde was unanimously elected by the Ohio House of Representatives to the position of clerk pro tempore. He held the position for three years before shifting to focus on his successful speculation in military lands. Marriages and family
On October 19, 1809, with minister William Lynes officiating, Hinde at the age of 24 married  Belinda Bradford, the daughter of the late James Bradford, in Hamilton County, Ohio. His father-in-law was a descendant of William Bradford of Plymouth Colony. He had been killed in 1791 in St. Clair's Defeat, and buried in Fort Recovery. <mask> and Belinda had three children: James B., John Madison, and Martha. The second son was named after Hinde's friend John Madison, a nephew of George Madison and a relative of James Madison.The daughter Martha married Charles H. Constable, who became a prominent Illinois politician. He is notable for his decision as judge to allow four Union deserters to go free during the Civil War. Belinda died in 1827. In 1828, <mask> married <mask> (Daugherty) Cavileer. They had three children: Edmund C., Charles T. and Belinda. Edmund was a pioneer who participated in the California Gold Rush; after his death, his journals were published. Charles became a business tycoon in Southern California, playing a pivotal role in its development through his shipping expertise.Belinda married Jacob Zimmerman, a successful newspaper editor and owner who in later years held a number of political offices in Illinois. Conversion to Methodism

<mask> was involved with the newspaper for less than two years. He converted from Deism to Methodism and decided that operating a political journal conflicted with his new religious views. After retiring from the newspaper business, he engaged in locating military lands and in land speculation. For the rest of his life, Hinde published editorials in newspapers and religious publications. He organized several camp meetings with other preachers, saying that the camp meeting could unite the different Protestant denominations. At times, Francis Asbury ventured into the wilderness to visit Hinde.An 1856 account states,
In 1810 Bishop Asbury visited an obscure part of the western country (Kanawha) which was then a wilderness, and pleasantly told the Rev. <mask><mask> that he had visited the region in order that the people might see and know their superintendent; remarking, "The shepherd ought to know the flock, and the flock the shepherd: they ought to know what man it is that governs them, and I have come nearly one hundred miles out of my way to see them." The writer exclaims, "O Asbury, the inhabitants of these hills and mountains will long make mention of thee!" <mask> is thought to have received his license to preach sometime around 1810. His first sermon was in Chillicothe in either 1807 or 1808, and people were so eager to hear him that they filled the church. The sermon was described as having "...no coherence in his discourse." During the sermon, <mask> repeatedly stated, "My bowels, my bowels!"According to a 19th-century account,
As a preacher, he was rather eccentric. He was not very fluent and gifted as a speaker, but had the power of engaging the attention of his hearers, and was very successful and useful in a revival of religion. He entertained rather singular views on the subject of the orders in the ministry, objecting to the order of deacons, and holding that the eldership is the only true order. In consequence of these peculiar views, he would never consent to be ordained a deacon, and therefore never entered into orders at all. <mask> became a circuit rider in the early 1800s. While his circuit varied over the years, he served large portions of Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri. Much of the territory he covered was generally lawless, violent and dangerous.Circuit riders served numerous churches and were supposed to plant new ones in new or underserved communities. They were critical to the development of the frontier. An avid writer, <mask> wrote mostly about Methodism and church songs. He wrote a popular hymnal entitled The Pilgrams' songster; or, A choice collection of spiritual songs, which was said to have sold more than 10,000 copies. Rev. <mask><mask> was said to be, "...exceedingly earnest, and very zealous in promoting the interests of the Church and of religion and morality. His zeal, however, was rather of the ascetic kind; and he usually took prominent part in the arraignment and trial of brethren accused of offenses."He was quoted as saying that he was,"...doing God service." Indian affairs

Growing up in Kentucky in the late 1790s, <mask> learned of the danger of Indian attacks. After moving to Chillicothe, he became interested in prehistoric Indian sites. In a letter to President James Madison, he mentioned taking friends to Windship's mound (now the Hopewell Culture National Historical Park), but focused on his opposition to slavery, saying he called
their attention to the surrounding scenery, my former pursuits, my friends, my country, my prospects—all these had been abandoned for the pride of opinion, against the entailment and perpetuation of slavery upon the rising generation! I remember their looks when I remarked, that after all, (pointing to the sun eclipsed,) I spoke of the gloom that overshadowed my future prospects! Hinde purchased property from William Mc'Intosh near the Wabash River, an area that had been a Piankashaw Indian campground. It contained numerous earthwork mounds built by cultures that predated the Piankashaw.Hinde met the Shawnee chief Tecumseh in Chillicothe and in Vincennes, Indiana, during either the 1810 or the 1811 meeting between Tecumseh and William Henry Harrison at Grouseland. Hinde also met prominent Shawnee Blue Jacket and reported on him for the local newspapers. One source says that Hinde played a crucial role in negotiating early Indian treaties signed with the United States government, without defining his actions. War of 1812

Hinde served in the U.S. Army in the War of 1812 under William Henry Harrison, then governor of the Indiana Territory. Both from Virginia families, the two men were close in age. Hinde was made responsible for prisoners of war starting in 1813, when he was about 27 or 28 years old. Hinde served under Captain Oliver Hazard Perry, who was the commander at the Battle of Lake Erie.Captain Perry's decisive victory ensured American control of the lake, improved American morale after a series of defeats, and compelled the British to fall back from Detroit. In 1813, <mask> was placed in charge of prisoners captured at this battle. Founding Mount Carmel

In the early 1800s, <mask> purchased large land holdings in what would become Wabash County, Illinois. In 1817, he, William McDowell and William Beauchamp collectively founded the city of Mount Carmel, Illinois. All three men were ministers. They chose the Biblical name "Mount Carmel", because it meant "the garden of the Lord" and was a historic city in Palestine. According to one source:

Hinde donated the majority of the land for the

masks:
Thomas Spottswood Hinde
Hinde
. Hinde
. Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Thomas S
. Hinde
Thomas Hinde
Hinde
Simon Kenton
Hinde
Richard Southgate
Southgate
Susannah
Thomas
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Achilles Sneed
Snee
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Sarah Neal
Hinde
Thomas S
. Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Thomas S
. Hinde
Hinde
Hinde
Hinde