texts:
<mask> (March 1, 1859 – November 24, 1901) was an educator who invented the modern widespread manure spreader that made farming less labor-intensive and far more efficient in the early 20th century, and only he is honored for that invention in the Ohio Agricultural Hall of Fame in Columbus, Ohio. Early life and teaching career
Born on March 1, 1859 in the small village of Kirchhundem, Germany. Oppenheim obtained a liberal education at universities in Bonn, Germany, and Innsbruck, Austria, and upon graduation from college at the age of 20 he immigrated to the United States. He received a teaching degree in 1881 from St. Francis College in Wisconsin and after briefly teaching in Putnam County, Ohio, he returned to St. Francis College for further study. On August 9, 1883 he married Anna Mary Ellerbrock of Glandorf, Ohio. He then taught in Freyburg, Ohio, New Albany, Indiana, and Grand Rapids, Michigan, before settling in the small town of Maria Stein, Ohio. Oppenheim was “an accomplished musician, specializing in piano and pipe organ, ... a remarkable scholar, conversant with four languages, well read in literature, and an excellent speaker.” As an educator, Oppenheim became the first teacher in Ohio to receive a Lifetime State Teachers Certificate.Educator turns inventor
In the 1890s, Oppenheim was a schoolmaster in the one-room country schoolhouse in Maria Stein, the town where John M. Kramer was building a “manure unloader” based on a patent in his name but claimed to be jointly owned by him, Fred Heckman and Henry Synck. Originally manure was thrown from a wagon. The unloader that Kramer built used a drag chain at the bottom of the wagon to pull the load of manure to the rear where it was shredded by a pair of beaters and deposited directly behind the machine, but with very little spreading to the sides. As a result, farmers still had to take the time-consuming step of heading into the fields with peg-tooth drags or similar implements to spread the manure in order to prevent burning the soil. As a schoolmaster, Oppenheim was concerned that the older boys often missed class at certain times of the year to stay home and work on the farm, usually loading and spreading manure. Not only was the chore backbreaking, but it deprived them of their education which Oppenheim saw as a need for the future. While watching children play a game called "tom ball," Oppenheim noticed that when the ball was struck with the bat, which was actually a paddle-shaped board, the ball was deflected to one side or the other, depending on the angle of the paddle.<mask> saw this paddle-effect as the solution to the problem of manure spreading. He felt that a series of paddles could be attached to the rear of a manure unloader to cast manure in a wide pattern several times the width of the wagon. To test his theory, <mask>, with the help of his oldest son, B.C<mask>, knocked the end out of a cigar box and built a small rotary paddle distributor into that open end. Each of the paddles on the rotary distributor was set at a different angle. Then, <mask> and his son filled the cigar box with chaff and operated the small distributor with power from the drive wheel of a sewing machine. The test was successful.The chaff was thrown in a wide pattern. After several other tests, <mask> became convinced that he had an idea that could be designed into manure unloaders. When Kramer's machine shop was destroyed by fire and his business failed, <mask> obtained Kramer's patent in exchange for forgiving a loan he had made to Kramer and then obtained a patent for his own new idea. Thus the widespread modern manure spreader was born. <mask>’s New Idea manure spreader
<mask>'s first New Idea spreader had two beaters. The top beater was situated immediately above the lower beater and was smaller because pulverizing of the top part of the load was easier than the bottom. Immediately behind the beaters was the famous New Idea  “widespread” which had a steel axle with several wooden paddles attached to it.The paddles were six inches wide and eight inches long, fastened to the shaft at an angle to throw the manure outward.”

On October 18, 1899, <mask> broke ground for a small shop in Maria Stein, Ohio, where he could produce his new manure spreader, incorporating the “widespread” paddle device in addition to two beaters. Among the first employees he hired at the shop were Fred Heckman and Henry Synck. Synck, who later married one of <mask>'s daughters, Wilhelmina, was said by contemporaries to have had “a genius for machinery and mechanics of all kinds.” and “in 1899 he entered the employ of  Oppenheim and gradually familiarized himself with the technique of the business.”. Neighbors around the town of Maria Stein started referring to the widespread manure spreaders as “Oppenheim’s new idea” and <mask> adopted this as the name for the business. Only two manure spreaders were produced the first year of operation and fourteen the following year. Oppenheim did not live long enough to realize any financial reward, for he died on November 24, 1901 as one of the victims of typhoid fever that struck the small village. But his wife, Anna Mary, carried on operations of the New Idea Spreader Works by using the money obtained from <mask>'s insurance policy.<mask>'s son, B.C<mask>, became the president in place of his father and Henry Synck was in charge of production. Not only did the business carry on, it thrived on brisk sales of the New Idea spreader. In 1902 a new model spreader was introduced not only with a greatly reduced draft to lighten the burden on horses, but also with the upper beater moved slightly forward adding to the efficiency of both beaters. Rapid growth of the New Idea Company
In 1904 the company changed its name to the New Idea Spreader Company and demand for its manure spreaders increased steadily until it soon outgrew its first little shop. On July 1, 1907, the New Idea Spreader Company, while maintaining operations at Maria Stein, opened a  factory in nearby Coldwater, Ohio where it had the advantage of two railroads on which it could ship the spreaders. In 1912, all operations were moved to a new  factory on twenty acres in Coldwater with all machinery driven by electricity.By 1916 the New Idea Spreader Company had branches in eight states and an assembly plant in Guelph, Ontario. “[The] net assets of the firm were over one million dollars with total sales for that year of $1,250,000.”  Eight years later, in 1924, the factory was turning out 125 manure spreaders in an eight-hour day and had a profit of two million dollars. “To meet the changing business environment, the company was incorporated in 1920 as the New Idea Company; however the stock was not publicly traded and it remained a held family corporation” until 1937 when it began to take on outside investors. When B.C. Oppenheim died in 1935, <mask>'s son-in-law, Henry Synck, who was one of Oppenheim's first employees, became president. Ten years later, in October 1945, <mask>'s heirs, all of whom worked from the beginning in sales and production, sold their controlling interest in New Idea to AVCO. In 1984 AVCO sold the New Idea line of farm machinery to White Farm Equipment Company, part of the Allied Corporation, which formed White-New Idea which sold the company to AGCO in 1993.On December 8, 1999, nearly 100 years after <mask> patented his invention, AGCO announced that it would close the New Idea manufacturing facilities in Coldwater, Ohio because “reduced demand for agricultural equipment” precluded it from remaining competitive. <mask> was inducted into the Ohio Agricultural Hall of Fame in Columbus, Ohio by Governor James A. Rhodes on August 27, 1969. His portrait hangs in the Ohio Historical Building on the State Fairgrounds. Sources

<mask>, Educator and Inventor (March 1, 1859 – November 24, 1901)

References
Mark J. Camp, Railroad Depots of West Central Ohio, Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, S.C. 2005, p. 35. “New Idea Spreader Company” in Nevin O. Winter, History of Northwest Ohio, Vol.3, The Lewis Publishing Company, Chicago & New York, 1917. page 1673, Print. Web access at https://archive.org/stream/historyofnorthwe03wint#page/1858/mode/1up (accessed May 17, 2011). “Bernard.C. <mask>” in Nevin O. Winter, History of Northwest Ohio, Vol. 3, The Lewis Publishing Company, Chicago & New York, 1917, page 1671, Print. Web access at https://archive.org/stream/historyofnorthwe03wint#page/1857/mode/1up (accessed May 17, 2011)
“<mask>” in Nevin O.Winter, History of Northwest Ohio, Vol, 3, The Lewis Publishing Company, Chicago & New York, 1917. page 1670, Print. Web access at https://archive.org/stream/historyofnorthwe03wint#page/1850/mode/1up (accessed May 17, 2011)
 “Henry Synck” in Nevin O. Winter, History of Northwest Ohio, Vol. 2,  The Lewis Publishing Company, Chicago & New York, 1917. page 824, Print. Web access at https://books.google.com/books?id=nNp5AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA824&lpg=PA824&dq=Winter+Henry+Synck&source=bl&ots=cmzcHzr-L_&sig=wSLbTR-A5anYCZaSzgmK8Icxluw&hl=en&ei=Jl_hTdaMAZKugQfHrv29Bg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false(accessed May 17, 2011). U.S. Patent Office, Patent No. 648,519, Manure Distributor and Spreader for <mask>, Maria Stein, Ohio, Filed February 17, 1900.U.S. Patent Office, Patent No. 712,581 Manure Spreader for Anna Mary <mask>, Executor, Maria Stein, Ohio, Filed Nov. 4. 1902. Courthouse, Shelby County, Indiana, Certificate of Partnership April 18, 1918. http://www.shelbycountyindiana.org/courthouse/partnerships/partners_new_idea_spreader_co.htm (accessed May 31, 2011)
The Country Gentleman
B.C. <mask>, “My Father’s Help to the Farmer,” The Country Gentleman. Vol LXXXII  Issue 42 Page 31, Nov. 17, 1917, Print. Web access at https://books.google.com/books?id=8OxEAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA1787&lpg=PA1787&dq=%22b.c.+oppenheim%22+%22country+gentleman%22&source=bl&ots=vVX7mLQJro&sig=dCa-t7Tuxzd4jC5F5z-CIQ9k0SA&hl=en&ei=gdXKTZDbK8negQeW-_XrBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CBkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false (accessed May 17, 2011)
New Idea Advertisement, The Country Gentleman 1918. at www.flickr.com/photos/dok1/3417639257 (accessed May 17, 2011)
“One Million Farmers Will Read This Book,” The Country Gentleman, Vol LXXXI, page 2172, December 16, 1916, Print.Web access at https://books.google.com/books?id=8-1EAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA2&lpg=PA2&dq=%22Country+Gentleman%22+volume+LXXXI+1916&source=bl&ots=9NXH1Zp48y&sig=iLIa-61ueMco95cLUUMgJrB3ujI&hl=en&ei=-VjRTbP5Oc6dgQfh-5DLDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false] (accessed May 17, 2011) at page 2172. Tharran E. Gaines, “100 Years of New Ideas,” FieldHAND, Spring 1999, p. 8
New York Times
“New Idea Plans Stock Issue,” New York Times, April 7, 1937
“Curb Admits Two Stocks,” New York Times,  May 13, 1938
“Scope Broadened by Aviation Corp.,” New York Times, October 30, 1945
Mercer County [Ohio] Chronicle
“<mask>penheim Would Be 100 Sunday,” Mercer County Chronicle-Journal, February 26, 1959  page 1
“New Idea Founder Inducted In Agricultural Hall of Fame,” Mercer County Chronicle, September 4, 1969 page 1. “Coldwater Sesquicentennnial Edition,”  Mercer County Chronicle, July 28, 1988
Sophia Synck Bomholt, “Memories of New Idea,” Mercer County Chronicle, September 4, 1988. Ivan Knapp, “More than one person invented the Manure Spreader,” Mercer County Chronicle, July 22, 1999, p. 1
 Ivan Knapp, “The Teacher With a New Idea,”,” Mercer County Chronicle, July 29, 1999, p. 4
 “7000 People Attend New Idea’s 100th Anniversary Celebration,” Mercer County Chronicle, September 2–8, 1999,  p. 1
 “New Idea Celebrates 100th Anniversary,” Mercer  County Chronicle, September 2–8, 1999,  p. 9
Celina (Ohio) Daily Standard
Cindy Birt, “New Idea, Its Start and the First 75 Years,” Celina Daily Standard, May 16, 1974, pp. 18–19. “New Idea Development,”  Celina Daily Standard, August 27, 1999, page 7A, Sidebar. Richard Payerchin, “Idea Becomes Village Mainstay,” Celina Daily Standard, August 27, 1999.Page 7A. Brian Wayne Wells, “The New Idea Spreader Company of Coldwater, Ohio,(Part 1 of 2 Parts)”  Belt/Pulley Magazine, Vol. 11, No. 5, September/October 1998, Part 1, p. 1,  (accessed Nov. 8, 2010)
Brian Wayne Wells, “The New Idea Spreader Company (Part 2 of 2 Parts)”  Belt/Pulley Magazine, Vol. 11, No. 6, November/December 1998,  (accessed Nov. 8, 2010). Ohio Agricultural Council, 4th Annual Ohio Agricultural Hall of Fame, August 27, 1969.Program page 7
Fred Heckman, “Early Manure Spreader History: Particularly of  New Idea,” Pamphlet, Coldwater, Ohio, July, 1939, p. 4,
New Idea  Company Silver Anniversary Booklet, Pamphlet, New Idea Co: Coldwater, Ohio, 1924. Three Generations, The Story of New Idea” “Our 60th Year,” Pamphlet, AVCO, Coldwater, Ohio 1959, pp 1 &2. “Avco New Idea Marks 70th Anniversary,” Avco New Idea Dealer News, Vol. 15, No. 10, October 1969, p. 2
“100th Anniversary, A Century of Excellence, New Idea 1899-1999,” Pamphlet, AGCO Corporation 1999, p. 3
Mercer County Notables website.,  http://billwendel.com/history/index.htm,(accessed, Nov. 9, 2010)
http://www.reference .com/browse/AVCO (accessed December 8, 2010). http://www.agcocorp.co./company/history.aspx (accessed December 8, 2010). PR Newswire, December 8, 1999.“1999 AGCO To Close Its Coldwater, Ohio Facility Lockney, Texas Plant to Cease Production by Second Quarter The Free Library(December, 8),  *http://www.thefreelibrary.com/AGCO To Close Its Coldwater, Ohio Facility Lockney, Texas Plant to...-a058077591(accessed November 21, 2010)”

1859 births
1901 deaths
19th-century German inventors

masks:
Joseph Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Joseph
. Oppenheim
Joseph
Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Joseph
Joseph
Joseph
Joseph
. Oppenheim
Joseph
Joseph Oppenheim
Joseph Oppenheim
Joseph Oppenheim
Joseph Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Joseph Oppenheim
Joseph Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Oppenheim
Joseph Op


type: original

texts:
Saint <mask> (614–697), also named <mask>, was the second Bishop of Ferns in Ireland and has been said to be "one of the four great prophets of Erin". He founded a monastery at St. Mullin's, County Carlow. His feast day is 17 June. Life
According to a manuscript in the Royal Library, Brussels, <mask> was descended from Cathaoir Mór, King of Leinster. He is said to have been the illegitimate son of a wealthy landholder called Faelán the Fair, son of Feradach, and of Faelán's sister-in-law, Émnait. Ashamed of the pregnancy, Émnait fled home, traveling by night. She arrived at Sliabh Luachra in the midst of winter when the snow was said to be so deep that it reached men's shoulders.She gave birth to a son in the snow, whereupon a company of angels arrived and melted the snow around the child for thirty feet on every side. Émnait intended to kill the child but a white dove spread its wings around the baby, keeping him warm and protecting him from attack throughout the night. They were found the next morning by monks, who took them in and baptized the child Tairchell. When Tairchell was about sixteen years of age, he encountered a family of spectres on the road, but managed to escape by means of three fantastic leaps. The monk Collanach then gave him the name <mask> ('ling' meaning 'leap'). There is a tradition that <mask> is St. Myllin, who travelled to Wales, baptised people at the holy well in Llanfyllin, Powys, and founded the church there. <mask> was a monk at Glendalough and went on to become Bishop of Ferns.Bede describes <mask> as a "good and wise man, excellently versed in the knowledge of the Scriptures". He died in 697 and is buried at St. Mullin's. St. Mo <mask>'s Monastery

<mask> founded a monastery on the River Barrow. The monastery was said to have been built with the help of Gobán Saor, the legendary Irish builder. Over time a settlement grew up around it. It is said that <mask> established a mill there and dug a mile-long watercourse with his own hands to power it, He is reputed to have been the first person to introduce rye into Ireland. He helped his people by distributing corn and meal during a particularly inclement summer.<mask> was a skilled boatman, passing quickly up the river Barrow to visit his friend St. Laserian at Leighlin. <mask> is linked with the folkloric character Suibhne Geilt [Mad Sweeney]. It is related that Suibhne Geilt, who went mad at the Battle of Moira (Mag Rath) in A.D. 634, afterwards travelled to Teach Mo Ling ("The House of St. <mask>"). He was murdered there by <mask>, <mask>'s swineherd. He was buried with great honour within the church by its founder and patron. The original monastery was plundered by the Vikings around 824 and again in 951. An abbey was later built on the site.A 9th century high cross, showing the Crucifixion and a Celtic spiral pattern, stands outside the remains of the abbey. In a small square enclosure in the graveyard at St. Mullins is a stone altar with an arch overhead, where, according to tradition, Mass used to be celebrated in penal times. The churchyard lies in the shadow of an Anglo-Norman motte and contains a collection of eighteenth and nineteenth-century gravestones. During penal times, Mass was said in the structure in the graveyard. Over the altar is an aperture through which a warning could be communicated to the priest from a watcher positioned on the motte. St. Mo Ling's Well
The first reference to a holy well at St. Mullins is to be found in the Annals of Friar Clyn (1348). In those times, the plague swept across Ireland and pilgrims visited the holy well in St. Mullins out of fear of the plague.They would circle the well in a clockwise direction, known as circumambulation, while reciting prayers. During the 19th century a pilgrimage to St. <mask>'s well would take place twice a year on 17 June and 25 July. The well house was used for bathing children suffering from a variety of diseases. Veneration
A pattern day is a day when people come together to perform pilgrimage at a holy well or at a saint's grave, usually on the saint's feast day, a tradition that can be traced back to early medieval times. Nineteenth-century accounts suggest there were originally two main pilgrimage days at St. Mullins: the feast of St. <mask> on 17 June and the feast of St James on 25 July. Today the Patron or Pattern Day is held on the Sunday before 25 July. On 25 July prayers are said at St. <mask>'s well and in the graveyard.Legacy
The town of Monamolin in County Wexford is named after him, as is the parish church in Ballycanew. Mullinakill, Co. Kilkenny; Timolin, Co. Kildare; Monamolin, Co. Wexford and St. Mullins, Co. Carlow, as well as St. Mo Ling's Wells, such as the one at Brosna, Co. Kerry are also named after him. Many churches were founded by <mask>, the most famous being St. Mullin's in County Carlow. <mask> dedicated a holy well at Ferns known as Maodhóg's Well in memory of St. Aidan, or St. Maodhóg, the Patron Saint of the Diocese of Ferns. According to the Annals of Ulster, <mask> died in 697 AD and his feast day is celebrated on 17 June. The Patron Day takes place in Monamolin on the Sunday closest to this date. John O'Donovan in his Ordnance Survey Letters of 1840 tells a story of <mask> crossing a small hill when an evil spirit annoyed him.He knelt on a rock to curse the spirit, leaving the impression of his knees on the stone. While there is no account of the stone today, it is said that the incident gave the name to the townland of Cloch na Mallacht (meaning "the stones of the curses"). See also

Eithne and Sodelb

References

External links

Saint <mask>ling et le Lépreux, a story about <mask> and a leper, edited from UCD Franciscan Manuscript A9 and translated into French by Paul Grosjean S.J. at Thesaurus Linguae Hibernicae

Further reading

7th-century Christian saints
7th-century Irish bishops
696 deaths
Medieval saints of Leinster
Holy wells in Ireland
614 births

masks:
Mo Ling
Moling Luachra
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mongán
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo Ling
Mo
Mo Ling


texts:
<mask> (1719 in Alcañiz – 1803 in Madrid) was a Spanish writer and journalist. Nicknamed the "freak of nature", he is regarded in Spain as one of the best journalists of all time. During the reign of Charles III, he established himself as the founder of modern journalism and the first professional journalist. Born <mask> in Alcaniz, as a young boy his family moved to Madrid where he grew up, worked, and lived the rest of his life. <mask> joined the idea of modernity with Spanish spiritual tradition. He founded a number of newspapers that went under different pseudonyms: "<mask>", "Manuel Ruiz de Uribe" ... Nipho facet highlighted artistic and social responsibility of journalism, but he reported little benefit economically. He said that journalism was "a painful and unprofitable occupation", but states that the real task of journalism is to "educate and moralize."Like many European journalists of the period, he made extensive use of translation, and may be credited with publishing the earliest known direct English-to-Spanish translations of a literary text. It was not until his later years when he would begin to establish their economic and professional, serving as censor in late 18th century. Modern conception of journalism
Nipho believed that books was out of reach of the general public and so it was necessary for newspaper circulation to be a critical source for the culturalization of society. Their newspapers rather than pure news and scholarly were critical, but always looking for popularization to try and connect with readers. With a criterion traditional and Christian, intended to convey new knowledge of the enlightened minority to the rest of the country, although the rationalism of the time conflicted with their religious beliefs. In any case, theocentric vision remained intact. Nipho left several ideas about his approach to journalism.It must contain three fundamental notes: range, accuracy and speed. He had to report a profit immediately, in this case, the recovery of the Spanish economy. The journalist must meet two objectives: education and development of science. Era and influences
The circumstances of the eighteenth century greatly influenced Nipho. It was a time when Enlightenment ideas were prevailing. The picture had great zeal for reform and were supported by the monarchy. They had an entrepreneurial spirit.However, his reform measures could not match the true desires of the country. Some traditionalists opposed sectors and transformations developed slowly. The problems at the time in Spain (poverty, low social mobility) made Charles III along with politicians and intellectuals carry out a number of improvements. This was attempted while reducing the power of the nobility supported by the bourgeoisie. Therefore, the reforms did not arrive by the revolutionary way. Journalism
Nipho output was varied and numerous, but all of it reflects his view that the newspaper is a communication medium that reaches the masses, unlike the book which he says is not affordable for a large segment of the population. Other publications: The Fair Whisperer.Nipho applied in its satirical sense moralizing with a purpose and a literary critic, social customs and, based on its concern about the continuing process of de-Christianization of society. He divided the work into different letters explaining the behavior of England in different customs, arts, etc. It was directed by <mask> under the name of "<mask> of Giga". The Mail General, History, Literary and Economic Europe collect useful reports on different countries. It was published weekly, and was distributed in England and several European countries. The Court Jester
A satirical writing was published under the pseudonym "Joseph de la Serna". Its purpose was to laugh at what deserved laughter and get serious with the nonsense.Therefore it appears markedly with social criticism, ironic and bitter in a very varied. Diario de Madrid
It was the first newspaper ever known Spain (1758). He used the pseudonym "Don Manuel Ruiz de Uribe", working with Juan Antonio Lozano. He could undertake this task with the privilege obtained by Ferdinand VI. A figure in perspective
The life and work of <mask> shows clearly its fickle nature, which resulted in the times he abandoned several of his publications for one reason or another. However, he deserves praise for his innovative spirit and his desire to improve as a result of his own personality, love of journalism and the era in which he lived. We can find in his writings the manifestations of a deep critical.It is pessimistic because of the de-Christianization and demoralization that crossed the Spanish society. This pessimistic view is what generates the desire to fix and improve. He showed that journalism was an art for him a great social responsibility, although it was little compensation. Nipho caused an evolution in journalism: daily newspaper, political press, press moralizing and customs, as well as perfecting the known literary scholars newspapers. Along with the daily newspaper, brings establishing underwriting and commercial information or advertising. Also selling newspapers on the street as conceived today. The Journal Noticioso

The first two copies were named: Daily News bulletins Curious-Scholar Public and Commercial and Economic.He had a long life, until 1918. Nipho created in 1758 the first publication of a daily basis in the history of Spanish journalism. Many previous papers had the name "daily" because reporting of events in chronological order by day. Noticioso Journal is coupled with the Censor and The Thinker, the three biggest newspapers in the second half of the eighteenth century in Spain. In 1759 Nipho sheds its part of this company, and sells it to his partner, Juan Antonio Lozano, who continues to publish the newspaper until his death in 1780. In Noticioso Journal ads are inserted "for nothing". Birth of the "Warning" in Spain, which concludes the "Plan" newspaper.Nipho explained:

"Many individuals advised me to give the notices, which are determined for the Journal from eight to eight days, or at most twice a week, but I have not been able to accommodate this idea, for a very strong reason is that many Sometimes there is a person in this courtroom who has commissioned accuracy or buy some things for themselves, or for people in their place: this guy is a day in court and not the entire week, with that for it, if it does not come or be in Madrid on the day of publication of the Journal, he notices that will be slow to communicate or not timely. For this reason, you want to sell some jewelry or furniture, you may lose the stranger say a good purchased. But today has money who need it tomorrow, with that out every day of the Journal useful work all serve their ads. " This publication had up to 1000 subscribers. In 1786, Jacques Thevin renamed by Diario de Madrid . Covering the local, the national front, which had no place in the official newspapers: the Gazette and Mercury. References

References

Enciso Recio, Luis Miguel (1956).Nipho and eighteenth century Spanish journalism. National Research Council.  .

Spanish male writers
People from Alcañiz
1719 births
1803 deaths

masks:
Francisco Mariano Nipho
Francisco Manuel Mariano Nipho
Nipho
Mariano de la Say
Nipho
Mariano
Nipho


texts:
<mask> (born 22 September 1978) is a former Irish  cricketer who played for both the Ireland and England national cricket teams. After beginning his career with Middlesex, he moved to Sussex in 2009, before returning to Ireland to play for Leinster Lightning in the fledgling first-class competition, the Irish Inter-Provincial Championship. A left-handed batsman and occasional right-arm bowler of medium pace, <mask> is widely regarded as one of the best cricketers produced by Ireland. After qualifying to play for England, <mask> was a member of the squad in the 2006–07 Ashes series and 2007 World Cup. Since dropping down the pecking order for selection with England, <mask> got special dispensation from the International Cricket Council (ICC) to play for Ireland in the 2011 World Cup. He was one of the eleven cricketers to play in Ireland's first ever Test match, against Pakistan. On 24 May 2018, he announced his retirement from all professional cricket.In June 2019, <mask> was appointed as the interim head coach of the Ireland women's cricket team. Early life
One of nine siblings, <mask> was born in Dublin, educated at St. Patrick's Primary School, Bray, County Wicklow and at Presentation College, Bray, and studied economics at Trinity College, Dublin. County career

Middlesex
<mask> made his Middlesex debut in 1999 and won the NBC Denis Compton Award in 2000. He has been a regular member of the first team since 2002, in which year he averaged 51 and scored four hundreds. <mask> replaced Owais Shah as acting county captain midway through the 2004 season, but was not appointed for the 2005 season. <mask> captained the Middlesex team to victory in the 2008 Twenty20 Cup. After this competition, the captaincy was handed to Shaun Udal, and later it became apparent that the player's future at Middlesex was uncertain as his current contract was expiring and he had not agreed to sign an extension.Sussex

It was announced on 3 November 2008 that <mask> would be leaving Middlesex to play for Sussex. Vinny Codrington, Middlesex's chief executive, said "[<mask>] felt he needed a fresh challenge. He felt moving counties would help him rediscover the form that got him into the England side a couple of years ago... He was always one of the first names on the team-sheet and he has been outstanding and undoubtedly we're going to miss him". Despite his imminent departure, Middlesex included <mask> in their squad for the Stanford Super Series and the eventually-cancelled Twenty20 Champions League as a gesture of gratitude for his influence in winning the Twenty20 Cup. A strong first season for Sussex, with three centuries, ensured <mask> remained on the fringes of England selection, being named in the provisional England squad for the 2009 ICC Champions Trophy and in November 2009, he signed a new three-year contract with the county. <mask> suffered a unique dismissal in a 2009 Championship game against Warwickshire.He swept a ball from Ant Botha straight into short-leg fielder Jonathan Trott's pocket. Trott had turned his back and leapt out of the way of the ball; he was stunned to find the ball lodged in his right pocket. He became Sussex captain on 31 July 2012, succeeding Michael Yardy. In October 2015, <mask> announced he would step down as captain of the Sussex team following their relegation from the County Championship Division One. International career

Ireland: to 2005

<mask> played a number of matches for Ireland in the ICC Trophy, averaging over 70 in the competition, but in July 2005 qualified to play for England by virtue of his residency there. In October 2005, <mask> was selected for the England cricket academy and gained a spot in the England "A" squad to tour the West Indies in Spring 2006. In June 2006 he was selected in the England One Day International (ODI) squad for the series with Sri Lanka.He made his England ODI debut against Ireland in Stormont Park, Belfast in June 2006. The Irish team included his younger brother, Dominick. Two days later, he represented England in his first Twenty20 International, but sprained his ankle and was out injured for four weeks. He made his return for Middlesex at Edgbaston on 14 July 2006, in the County Championship against Warwickshire, scoring a career-best 211 in the first innings. England: 2006–2007
On 15 November 2006, <mask> was selected by England's chairman of selectors, David Graveney, to be in the Test squad for the 2006/2007 Ashes series, in place of Marcus Trescothick, who withdrew, suffering from a stress-related illness. This was a somewhat controversial decision as he was given preference over the more experienced Owais Shah and Robert Key. Although he was not chosen for any of the Tests against Australia he was chosen to play in the subsequent One-day International series following an injury to Kevin Pietersen.He totalled 288 runs in nine matches at an average of 32.00, including his maiden half-century in the losing run-chase against New Zealand at Perth. However, the highlight of the series for <mask> was the victory over Australia at the SCG on 2 February 2007. Opening the innings, <mask> scored a match-winning 107 from 142 balls, helping England amass 292–7, and became the first English cricketer to score a One Day International century away from home in nineteen matches. <mask> was named Man of the Match for his performance, and the innings helped him earn a place in the squad for the World Cup in the West Indies. During the 2007 World Cup, <mask> made fifties against the non-Test nations of Canada and Kenya, but made a duck against New Zealand in the first group game and 1 against his native Ireland as well as dropping a catch in the first Super Eight game. Ireland: 2011–2018
While he was scoring heavily for Sussex in 2009, <mask> harboured hopes of breaking back into the England team. However, he was overlooked and by March 2010 was considering representing Ireland again.<mask> explained his choice to return to Irish colours:

Under normal circumstances it takes four years to qualify to play for a country; having played for England at the 2007 World Cup in April 2007, <mask> was set to miss playing for Ireland in the 2011 tournament, taking place in February. In October it was announced that <mask> and former New Zealand international Hamish Marshall would tour India with Ireland; it was hoped that it would assist their integration into the team in the event the ICC allowed them to play for Ireland in ODIs. In November 2010, the ICC announced that <mask>'s qualification period would be shortened by the ICC and that he would be allowed to play for Ireland at the World Cup, and he was subsequently selected in Ireland's 15-man squad for the tournament. In May 2015 <mask> and fellow cricketer Tim Murtagh announced their retirement from T20 cricket (although Murtagh subsequently reversed his decision to retire from the format). In June 2015 <mask> scored 231 runs in the first innings against the United Arab Emirates in the 2015–17 ICC Intercontinental Cup at Malahide. It was the highest by an Ireland player in multi-day cricket and was the first double century scored by an Irish player on home soil. Test cricket
In May 2018, he was named in a fourteen-man squad for Ireland's first ever Test match, which was played against Pakistan later the same month.He made his Test debut for Ireland on 11 May 2018. At 39 years and 231 days he was the oldest Test debutant this century, and the oldest since Omar Henry who was 40 years and 215 days when South Africa resumed Test cricket after their imposed isolationism due to apartheid. <mask> faced the first delivery and scored the first run for Ireland in Test cricket. He also became the first batsman to be dismissed for Ireland, when he was out lbw, bowled by Mohammad Abbas. A week after the Test match, he retired from all forms of cricket. International record

Family
<mask> is one of nine siblings, all of whom began their cricketing lives at Bray Cricket Club, now called North Wicklow, five of the <mask> siblings have represented Ireland at cricket. Brothers Gus and Dominick played for the Irish men's team (the latter in three ODI matches), while twin sisters, Isobel and Cecelia, have represented the Irish women for the past decade.His mother <mask> was a cricket scorer. She was also scorer in two WODIs in 2002 when New Zealand women toured to Netherlands and Ireland. See also
List of cricketers who have played for more than one international team

References

External links

 Middlesex County Cricket Club
 Profile by Gerard Siggins

1978 births
Living people
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Cricketers at the 2007 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 2011 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 2015 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers who have played for more than one international team
Cricketers from County Dublin
England One Day International cricketers
England Twenty20 International cricketers
Ireland One Day International cricketers
Ireland Test cricketers
Ireland Twenty20 International cricketers
Irish cricketers
Leinster Lightning cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Middlesex cricketers
People educated at Presentation College, Bray
People from Bray, County Wicklow
Sportspeople from County Wicklow
Sussex cricketers
Ed

masks:
Edmund Christopher Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
Joyce
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Ed Joyce
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Maureen Joyce


texts:
<mask> "the Good" (1270 – 1342) was a Spanish noblewoman of the House of Haro. She was the daughter of <mask> who was assassinated by order of the king at Alfaro, La Rioja. She is best known for being the Lady of Biscay and for her lifelong battle against her uncle, <mask>, for the title of the lordship of Biscay. Family Origins

Maria was the daughter of <mask> and, <mask>. She inherited the title of Lord of Biscay from her brother <mask> IV upon his death in 1288, which passed briefly to her husband, John of Castile and which was later taken from her by her uncle, <mask> during the unrest following the death of <mask> of Castile and the rise to power of his young son, <mask> of Castile. Her paternal grandparents were <mask> and <mask>ne. Maria's brother was <mask>.She was the great granddaughter of the king, <mask> of León. Biography

Maria obtained the title of Lord of Biscay as she was next in line after her father, Lope <mask> <mask>, died in 1288 and her elder brother, Diego López <mask> <mask>, died after just one year of holding the title in 1289. First tenure as Lady of Biscay

In 1287, Maria married John of Castile. On June 8, 1288, her father was assassinated in Alfaro by order of King Sancho <mask> of Castile over a deep seated disagreement between the two parties. Maria's husband, John, who was also the brother of Sancho IV and one of the infantes of the Kingdom of Castile, was also present during the episode and was thrown in prison for his role in the affair. The title over Biscay passed down to Diego López <mask> <mask>, the firstborn son of Lope Diaz III, who was involved in his own disputes with supporters of the new King, <mask> of Castile, and with John of Castile. These disputes were due to his support of the infante <mask> la Cerda (Second son of Sancho IV) as King of Castile while others still supported the infante Sancho.This initial period as Lady of Biscay lasted from 1289 until 1295. Usurpation of her title by Diego Lopez <mask> <mask>

On 25 April 1295, King Sancho <mask> of Castile died and was succeeded to the throne of Castile by his son <mask> of Castile who was only 9 years old at the time. This led to a long period of instability in the kingdom and within the Castilian court. Throughout this period, the kingdom was ruled de facto by <mask> Molina, the mother and regent of the young Ferdinand IV. The fragile situation was exploited by Maria's uncle, Diego López <mask> <mask> with the support of <mask> of Aragon who occupied Biscay and claimed the lordship for himself, stealing it from Maria and her husband, John of Castile. Diego Lopez V found almost no opposition to his initial takeover of Biscay in large part due to the fact that Maria's husband, the infante John of Castile, was in prison for offenses related with her father's cause against Sancho <mask>. For his conquest of Biscay, Diego Lopez V was forever nicknamed the intrusive.Once freed from prison, John of Castile immediately set to work attempting to regain control over Biscay. He was initially unsuccessful and joined together with other dissatisfied parties in the kingdom to fight against the queen regent, <mask> Molina, and her defendant, Diego López <mask> <mask> the intrusive. Eventually, John and Maria were able to successfully gain a claim of legal title to the Lordship of Biscay from the Pope. In 1307, during a general meeting of the court of Biscay, Diego the intrusive was obliged to recognize Maria as the legal heiress to the lordship and asked her to accept the title to be conferred after his death, an event which occurred in 1309. Second tenure as Lady of Biscay

In early 1300, Diego López <mask> <mask> founded the city of Bilbao. He died in service to King <mask> at the Siege of Algeciras in 1309 during a campaign against the Kingdom of Granada. When she first came to power over Biscay, Maria was instantly involved in a power struggle with her cousin, Lope <mask> <mask>, son of Diego Lopez V the intrusive.Lope Diaz IV counted on the support of King <mask> whom his father had served faithfully and on the fact that the king's uncle and Maria's husband, John of Castile, continuously became entangled in disputes with the crown. Lope Diaz IV was ultimately unsuccessful in his efforts to deprive Maria of her seat due in large part to intervention at the Castilian court by the Queen mother <mask> Molina who did not want to see another power struggle over Biscay. As a result, Maria Diaz <mask> remained in her capacity as Lady of Biscay and head of the House of Haro. In 1312, King <mask> died leaving the infante John, Maria's husband, tutor of the infante <mask> Castilla and governor of Castile. John attempted to take the city of Granada but failed in his efforts. The Castilian forces were obliged to retreat some 15 kilometers from the city at Cerro de los Infantes, Pinos Puente. During this conflict, the infante Pedro Sanchez was killed along with John of Castile (26 June 1319).During her reign over Biscay, the cards legitimizing the foundation of Bilbao were ratified in 1310. Maria founded the towns of Portugalete (1322), Lekeitio (1325) and Ondarroa (1327). In 1322, she founded the Dominican convent at Valencia de Don Juan, taking up residency at Perales where she retired the same year, leaving the title of Lord of Biscay to her son, <mask> <mask> the one-eyed. Her second tenure as Lady of Biscay lasted from 1310 to 1322. Assassination of <mask> <mask>

<mask> <mask> sought to expand the influence of the lordship of Biscay, contracting marriage with the niece of the king of Aragon. Don Juan Manuel, feeling threatened by the boldness of Juan's actions, took his grievances to King <mask> of Castile who ordered Juan's assassination. Maria was forced to come out of retirement and retake the title over Biscay.Third tenure as Lady of Biscay

Immediately following the assassination of Maria's son, Juan, King <mask> attempted to buy the rights over the Lordship of Biscay but was unsuccessful in his attempts as an angered Maria refused to relinquish power. In 1334, she abdicated a second time, this time in favor of her granddaughter, <mask> <mask> <mask>, daughter of her son <mask> <mask> and his wife, <mask> Portugal y Manuel. The young Maria Diaz II would go on to marry Juan Núñez <mask> Lara and the two would govern Biscay in the name of Maria Diaz II. This third and final term as Lady of Biscay lasted from 1326 to 1334. Death and legacy

<mask> <mask> <mask> died on 3 October 1342 of old age. Maria continuously fought for the interests of Biscay including entering into several disputes with the crown of Castile. She is remembered in history as having contributed greatly to the development of Biscay, gaining the nickname the good.Together with <mask> Molina, she was known as one of the most notable and accomplished political women of her time. Marriage and Descendants

From her marriage with John of Castile, the following children were born:

 <mask> <mask> (b. ? - d. 1326) - Inherited all the possessions of his mother and father, married <mask> Portugal y Manuel, daughter of the infante Alfonso of Portugal and granddaughter of King <mask> of Portugal. Assassinated in Toro in 1326 by order of King <mask> of Castile. Lope <mask> <mask> (b. - d. 1295) - Died during his childhood. <mask> <mask> (b.- d. 1299) -  Married Juan Núñez <mask> Lara el Menor, head of the House of Lara who would go on to marry the daughter of Diego Lopez <mask> <mask>, <mask>. Died without leaving descendants. See also

 House of Haro
 House of Lara
 Diego Lopez <mask> Haro
 Juan Núñez <mask> Lara
 <mask> of Castile
 Alfonso <mask> of Castile
 Don Juan Manuel
 Lord of Biscay

References

Bibliography

External links
 <mask> I <mask>

1270 births
1342 deaths
Lords of Biscay
Maria Diaz I
13th-century Castilians
13th-century Spanish women
14th-century Castilians
14th-century Spanish women

masks:
María Díaz I de Haro
Lope Díaz III de Haro
Diego López V de Haro
Lope Díaz III de Haro
Juana Alfonso de Molina
Diego López de Haro
Diego López V de Haro
Sancho IV
Ferdinand IV
Diego López III de Haro
Constanza de Bear
Diego López IV de Haro
Alfonso IX
Díaz III
de Haro
IV de
Haro
IV
IV de
Haro
Ferdinand IV
Alfonso de
V de
Haro
IV
Ferdinand IV
María de
V de
Haro
James II
IV
María de
V de
Haro
V de
Haro
Ferdinand IV
Díaz IV
de Haro
Ferdinand IV
Maria de
I
Ferdinand IV
Pedro de
Juan de
Haro
Juan de
Haro
Juan de
Haro
Alfonso XI
Alfonso XI
María Díaz
II de
Haro
Juan de
Haro
Isabel de
IV de
María I
Díaz de
Haro
Maria de
Juan de
Haro
Isabel de
Alfonso III
Alfonso XI
Díaz de
Haro
María Díaz
de Haro
II de
V de
Haro
María
V de
II de
Ferdinand IV
XI
María Díaz
de Haro


texts:
<mask>. (July 7, 1920 – March 31, 2017) was an American attorney and judge. <mask> was the fourth United States Secretary of Transportation, from March 7, 1975, to January 20, 1977, and the second African American to serve in the United States Cabinet. As an attorney, <mask> played a major role in significant civil rights cases. At the time of his death, <mask> was the oldest living former Cabinet member. Early life and education
<mask> was born to Laura Beatrice (née Mason) <mask> and <mask>. in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. <mask>'s mother came from six generations of Episcopal ministers, including an operator of the Underground Railroad. W.E.B.DuBois and Langston Hughes would visit the family's home for dinner. One of seven black students at Germantown High School, <mask> was suspended for cursing at a teacher after she praised his honors presentation by saying, "Someday, <mask>, you will make a wonderful chauffeur." When <mask> attempted to join the school's swim team he was again suspended, and the team disbanded after he returned so as to avoid admitting him, only to reform after he graduated. <mask>'s swim team coach wrote him a strong letter of recommendation and he was accepted into the University of Pennsylvania, where he was a double major in political science and economics. He graduated summa cum laude from the University of Pennsylvania with a B.A. in history in 1941. There, he was elected to the Phi Beta Kappa Society.He was elected to the Pi Gamma Mu international honor society in 1941. <mask> was also a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. <mask> was accepted to the Harvard Law School but left in 1943 to enlist in the United States Army Air Forces, failing in his attempt to join the Tuskeegee Airmen. Instead, <mask> spent the war defending the accused in courts-martial. After the war, <mask> returned to Harvard Law, where he became the third black staff member accepted to the Harvard Law Review, and graduated first in his class and magna cum laude in 1946. Career
He began his legal career in 1947, serving as law clerk to Judge Herbert F. Goodrich of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter in 1948. He was the first African American to serve as a Supreme Court law clerk.Fellow clerks, including Elliot Richardson, would have difficulty finding a restaurant where they could eat together. <mask> was hired by the New York law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison in 1949. Thurgood Marshall, then the chief counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, recruited <mask> to be one of the lead strategists and coauthor of the legal brief in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), in which the U.S. Supreme Court held racial segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional. He served as a member of the NAACP's national legal committee, director and member of its executive committee, and president of board of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. <mask> was also a member of President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Committee on Government Employment Policy (1959–1961) and a consultant to the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (1963–1975). <mask> served as an assistant counsel to the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (1964), also known as the Warren Commission, on which then-Congressman Gerald Ford was a commissioner. During the Warren Commission's investigation into the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the Commission received word via a backchannel that Fidel Castro, then Prime Minister of Cuba, wanted to talk to them.The Commission sent <mask> as an investigator and he met with Castro on a fishing boat off the coast of Cuba. Castro denied any involvement in the assassination of President Kennedy during <mask>'s three-hour questioning. <mask> reported the results of his investigation and interview with Castro directly to Commission Chairman Earl Warren, the Chief Justice of the United States. <mask> was co-counsel to the petitioners in McLaughlin v. Florida (1964), in which the Supreme Court unanimously struck down a law prohibiting an interracial couple from living together. In 1969, he was a member of the U.S. delegation to the twenty-fourth session of the United Nations General Assembly. <mask> was also a member of the National Commission on Productivity (1971–1972). <mask> served in the boardrooms of PepsiCo, IBM, Chase Manhattan Bank, and Pan American World Airways.He was senior partner in the law firm of Dilworth, Paxson, Kalish, Levy & Coleman at the time of his appointment to the Ford Administration. Cabinet post

President Gerald Ford appointed <mask> to serve in his Cabinet as the fourth Secretary of Transportation on March 7, 1975. During <mask>'s time at the Department of Transportation, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's automobile test facility at East Liberty, Ohio commenced operations, and the Department established the Materials Transportation Bureau to address pipeline safety and the safe shipment of hazardous materials. In February 1976, <mask> authorized a testing period for the supersonic Concorde jet, and flights began on  After the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey banned the jet, the U.S. Supreme Court restored <mask>'s authorization. In December 1976, <mask> rejected consumer activists' pressure for a federal mandate on automobile airbags and instead announced a two-year demonstration period favored by the auto industry. <mask>'s tenure ended in January 1977, after Jimmy Carter won the 1976 election. Post-Cabinet service and honors

On leaving the department, <mask> returned to Philadelphia and subsequently became a partner in the Washington office of the Los Angeles-based law firm O'Melveny & Myers.Colman argued a total of 19 cases before the Supreme Court. He appeared for the respondent in the argument and reargument of Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority (1985). In 1983, with the election quickly approaching, the Reagan administration stopped supporting the IRS's position against Bob Jones University that overtly discriminatory groups were ineligible for certain tax exemptions. <mask> was appointed to argue the now unsupported lower court position before the Supreme Court, and won in Bob Jones University v. United States. <mask> was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1993. On September 29, 1995, <mask> was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton. After the July 17, 1996, crash of TWA Flight 800, he served on the President's Commission on Airline and Airport Security.<mask> received an honorary LL.D. from Bates College in 1975. <mask> was also awarded honorary degrees from, among others, Williams College in May 1975, Gettysburg College on May 22, 2011, and Boston University in May 2012. <mask> was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2001. In September 2004, President George W. Bush appointed <mask> to the United States Court of Military Commission Review. In June 2006, <mask> received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement. In December 2006, <mask> served as an honorary pallbearer during the state funeral of Gerald Ford in Washington, D.C.Personal life
In 1945, he married Lovida Mae Hardin. They have three children: Lovida H<mask>; <mask> <mask>, a General Counsel of the Army under President Clinton and stepfather of Flavia Colgan; and Hardin <mask>, dean, Boston University School of Education. <mask>. died from complications of Alzheimer's disease at his home in Alexandria, Virginia on March 31, 2017, aged 96. See also
List of African-American United States Cabinet Secretaries
List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 2)

References

Notes

Further reading
 Todd C. Peppers, "<mask> <mask>, Jr.: Breaking the Color Barrier at the US Supreme Court." Journal of Supreme Court History 33.3 (2008): 353-370.   online

External links

Biography at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum
Biography at AmericanPresident.org
<mask>'s oral history video excerpts at The National Visionary Leadership Project
ALI Reporter
"Remarks by the President in Presentation if the Presidential Medal Of Freedom" – September 29, 1995

|-

1920 births
2017 deaths
20th-century American politicians
African-American lawyers
African-American members of the Cabinet of the United States
American civil rights lawyers
Ford administration cabinet members
Guantanamo Bay captives legal and administrative procedures
Harvard Law School alumni
Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States
Lawyers from Philadelphia
Military personnel from Philadelphia
Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison people
Pennsylvania Republicans
Politicians from Philadelphia
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
United States Secretaries of Transportation
Warren Commission counsel and staff
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Members of the American Philosophical Society
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II

masks:
William Thaddeus Coleman Jr
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
William Thaddeus Coleman Sr
Coleman
Coleman
William
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
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Coleman
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Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
Coleman
. Coleman
William Thaddeus
Coleman III
Coleman
Coleman Jr
William Thadus
Coleman
William Coleman


texts:
<mask> (born 19 December 1971) is a former Indonesian swimmer, who specialized in sprint and middle-distance freestyle events. He is a three-time Olympian (1988, 1996, and 2000), a bronze medalist at the Asian Games (1990), and a twenty-three times SEA Games gold-medalist (individuals and relays) since his debut in 1987. He is regarded as Indonesia's most successful swimmer in the sporting history. Up until 2015, Bera held several Indonesian and Southeast Asian Games records in sprint freestyle events from the Southeast Asian Games. Career

Early years
<mask> made his official debut, as Indonesia's youngest swimmer (aged 16), at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. He failed to reach the top 16 final in any of his individual events, finishing forty-first in the newly introduced 50 m freestyle (24.67), forty-seventh in the 100 m freestyle (53.59), forty-eighth in the 200 m freestyle (1:57.60), forty-third in the 400 m freestyle (4:08.70), and thirty-seventh in the 200 m individual medley (2:13.90). <mask>'s name reached towards an early sport popularity when, as a 17-year-old, he earned his first-ever gold medal in the 100 m freestyle (52.19) and bronze in the newly introduced 50 m freestyle at the 1989 Southeast Asian Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia beating the then current champion of the distance, the great Ang Peng Siong of Singapore.One year later, at the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing, China, <mask> won a bronze medal in the 100 m freestyle at 51.79, trailing China's Xie Jun by almost a full second. College career
His college swimming career started off in Northern California when he attended Foothill College till 1993. Bera was California Community College Champion in 50, 100, and 200 yd freestyle for two years. And in 1993, he set a new California and US National Junior College record in 100 yd freestyle with the time of 44.73. After his successful campaign in California, <mask> accepted an athletic scholarship to attend the Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona, where he swam for the Arizona State Sun Devils swimming and diving team under head coach Ernest Maglischo first and then Michael Chasson. While swimming for the Sun Devils, he received four All-American honors in the 100-yard freestyle, and all freestyle relays (200, 400, and 800). <mask> was a regular finalist in 100 and 200 yards freestyle at Pac-10 Championships during his NCAA Division I career.And he capped it off in his final season with automatic qualifying time in 100 yd free for 1995 NCAA Championships. He was also a member of Sun Devils' 400 yd Medley Relay team that finished top 6 that year. After his senior season, <mask> turned himself into a professional swimmer and then made a strong comeback for the Indonesian swimming team. At the 1995 Southeast Asian Games in Chiang Mai, Thailand, Bera powered past the entire swimming field to strike a sprint freestyle double (both 50 and 100 m). Up until 2017, <mask> remains the only Indonesian athlete in any sports who has ever earned the All-American Division 1 accolade. International comebacks
After an eight-year absence since his first Olympics in 1988 as a 16-year-old, <mask> qualified for his second Indonesian team at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. Although he was able to improve his standards from past tournaments, <mask> still placed in a "middle-of-the-pack" in any of his individual events, finishing forty-fourth in the 50 m freestyle (23.80), and thirty-fourth in the 100 m freestyle (51.25).When his country Indonesia hosted the 1997 Southeast Asian Games in Jakarta, <mask> was delighted and overwhelmed by the home crowd, as he edged out Filipino favourite Raymond Papa to defend his titles in both the 50 and 100 m freestyle. A feat that he repeated again at the 1999 Southeast Asian Games in Brunei Darussalam and the 2001 Southeast Asian Games in Kuala Lumpur. Shortly after the 1997 Games, <mask> announced his retirement to concentrate on his job as an assistant coach for the Arizona State Sun Devils. On that same year, he graduated from the University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Political Science and a Bachelor of Arts in Economics. But two years later, in 1999, <mask> came home to Indonesia and made a decision to come out of retirement, and set up an official return to the Indonesian swimming team. At the Southeast Asian Games, he defended his 100 m freestyle title for the third straight time in a Games record-breaking time of 51.03, slashing 0.28 seconds off the mark set by his teammate Wisnu Wardhana in 1993. He also defended his 50 m freestyle crown when he swam 23.49, more than two-tenths of a second (0.20) outside his own 10-year-old record.In March of 2000, <mask> competed in th 6th Asian Swimming Championships in Busan, South Korea, and came away with a Silver Medal in 100 m freestyle with the time of 51.34, being edged out by home favorite Kim Min-suk for the Gold. At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, <mask> competed again in a sprint freestyle double since his remarkable comeback from Atlanta. After defending third straight titles from the SEA Games, his entry times of 23.49 (50 m freestyle) and 51.03 (100 m freestyle) were accredited under a FINA B-standard. In the 100 m freestyle, <mask> placed thirty-seventh on the morning prelims. Swimming in heat six, he edged out Israel's Yoav Bruck to take a sixth spot by exactly a tenth of a second (0.10) in 51.52. Two days later, in the 50 m freestyle, <mask> challenged seven other swimmers in heat five, including Bahamas' Allan Murray, top 16 finalist in Atlanta four years earlier. He came up short in third place and forty-second overall at 23.54, just a small fraction off his entry time.At the 2001 Southeast Asian Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, <mask> matched his own record of 51.03 to claim a 100 m freestyle title for the fourth straight time, edging out host nation's Allen Ong by 0.28 of a second. Twelve years after winning a bronze medal, <mask> competed for the second time, as a strong 31-year-old veteran, at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan, South Korea. He missed the podium twice in any of his swimming events, finishing fourth in the 50 m freestyle (23.49), and fifth in the 100 m freestyle (51.41). At the 2003 Southeast Asian Games in Hanoi, Vietnam, <mask> only won a bronze medal in the 50 m freestyle at 23.73, finishing behind surprising Thai teenager Arwut Chinnapasaen and his Malaysian nemesis Allen Ong by four-tenths of a second (0.40). Eighteen years since his debut, <mask> made his final appearance as individual swimmer at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games in Manila. Surprisingly, even in the age of 34, he managed to win a total of five swimming medals: two golds in the 100 m freestyle (51.94) and in the 4 x 100 m medley relay (3:51.51), two silvers each in the 50 m freestyle (23.36) and in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay (3:29.46), and a bronze in the 4 x 200 freestyle relay (7:43.56). Shortly after the Games, <mask> announced his second, yet official retirement from swimming, ending a career with three Olympic appearances, and more than forty SEA Games medals to his collection.And up until 2014 Asian Games, <mask> and fellow countrymen breast-stroker Wirmandi Sugriat, remain the last Indonesian swimmers who medaled at Asian Games. Life after swimming
Since 2000, <mask> has been working as a sports broadcaster for MetroTV on the western outskirts of Jakarta. After that, he was placed as editor-in-chief for FHM and Men's Fitness Indonesia Magazines. Following his retirement from swimming, <mask> still remained strong and faithful to his sporting regime. He became one of the founders of National Champions Millennium Aquatics Club, and later competed in both Olympic and sprint-distance triathlons across Indonesia, specifically in Bali. Bera was unofficially crowned as the father of modern triathlon in Indonesia, when he started to spread the "triathlon virus" in 2009. He was training to keep himself healthy by doing cycling and running along with swimming.At the time, barely anyone in Indonesia was aware of the sport of triathlon. Bera also attended both as a spectator and as an observer at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. Watching the athlete procession from the stands during the closing ceremony, he reminisced an Olympic moment from his Twitter: "Seeing all those athletes down there, a bit emotional for me. I used to be down there". In 2015, Bera elected President of Indonesia Olympians Association and served until 2018. From 2015 to 2017, he was also part of the Board of Commissioner of Ministry of Youth and Sports' High-Performance Program called PRIMA. And then in May 2018, Bera was appointed by the Minister of Youth and Sports of the Republic of Indonesia, Mr. Imam Nahrawi, as Ketua Umum or Chairman of Badan Olahraga Profesional Indonesia (Indonesia Professional Sports Agency) or BOPI.This latest position is to see <mask> as the head of the government's regulating as well as developing agency of all professional sports in the country, which include among others Indonesian football leagues, Indonesian Basketball League, and Indonesian MMA leagues. He is now married and living with his family in Jakarta. References

External links

Celebrity Profile – KapanLagi

1971 births
Living people
Olympic swimmers of Indonesia
Swimmers at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1990 Asian Games
Swimmers at the 1994 Asian Games
Swimmers at the 2002 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in swimming
Indonesian male freestyle swimmers
Arizona State Sun Devils men's swimmers
Sportspeople from Jakarta
Asian Games bronze medalists for Indonesia
Medalists at the 1990 Asian Games
Southeast Asian Games medalists in swimming
Southeast Asian Games gold medalists for Indonesia
Southeast Asian Games silver medalists for Indonesia
Southeast Asian Games bronze medalists for Indonesia
Competitors at the 1987 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 1989 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 1991 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 1993 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 1995 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 1997 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 1999 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 2001 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 2003 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games
Competitors at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games

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Richard Sam Bera
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<mask> (14 January 1942 – 3 July 2015) was the 36th Chief Justice of India. <mask> worked as an advocate for Indian Railways from 1969 to 1981, as an advocate for Delhi administration from 1973 to 1976-1977, later as Additional Standing Counsel and then as Standing Counsel. He also served as Counsel to the Central Government from 1980 to 1986. He represented Delhi in the Bar Council of India from 1969 to 1973. He became an Additional Judge in the Delhi High Court on 17 November 1986 and a judge soon after. On 3 February 1999, he was appointed as Chief Justice of Bombay High Court. In less than a year, he was appointed as a judge, Supreme Court of India.Being the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court of India at the time, <mask> was appointed as the Chief Justice of India to succeed Mr. R.C. Lahoti who was retiring on 31 October 2005. He was sworn in as the Chief Justice by the President of India, A P J Abdul Kalam on 1 November 2005 for a period of about 14 months as he would turn 65, the retirement age for Chief Justices, on 14 January 2007. Significant judgements

As a judge of the Supreme Court, he delivered several important judgements dealing with constitutional matters. A constitutional bench headed by <mask> in October 2005 held as unconstitutional the dissolution of Bihar assembly on the basis of the report of Governor Buta Singh but refused to revert the action, thereby paving way for fresh elections. He headed the bench which refused to grant any relief in the 2006 Delhi sealing drive in which thousands of illegal constructions were demolished across Delhi. This became controversial after it was later found that his two sons were connected with the real estate business in Delhi.In 2007, he headed a nine judge constitution bench which ruled that all laws placed under the ninth schedule after 24 April 1973, shall be open to be challenged in court if they violate the fundamental rights guaranteed under Article 14, 19, 20 and 21 of the Constitution. This judgment was made in response to a number of petitions made on various laws including the Tamil Nadu Reservation Act, 1994. Allegations of Real Estate Operations by his sons

During the 2006 Delhi sealing drive, the Supreme Court under <mask> demonstrated extraordinary zeal in demolishing a large number of commercial properties which were illegally running in residential areas. There were very extensive protests every day, and considerable political pressure, due to which demolitions would often be hindered. The court monitored events and regularly reprimanded the Municipal Corporation of Delhi for its tardy progress. As a consequence of the extensive bulldozing of buildings, legal commercial properties, as in the new shopping malls, rose dramatically in price. Particularly, luxury store owners and other upscale businesses were very keen to get into the limited mall floor space.In May 2007, five months after <mask> retired from the bench, the afternoon newspaper Mid-Day brought out a series of articles that presented documents showing that YK Sabharwal's sons, Chetan and Nitin <mask>, owned at least four small ventures, most of them oriented towards garment exports, but one in the construction arena. During <mask>'s tenure as Chief justice,  two of these firms suddenly attracted the interest of the very largest players in the shopping mall industry. The first firm, Pawan Impex, Pvt Ltd, was registered for some time at <mask>'s official bungalow in the heart of Delhi, and later at his private house. Having the firm registered at his government-furnished house may have been illegal. In a newspaper editorial on Sept 2, 2007, <mask> has said that he asked his sons to shift the registered address as soon as he found out about it, but in an interview recorded by Mid-Day in April 2007, after the shift, he claims complete ignorance about the matter. More damaging is the fact that Pawan Impex, which had remained with a capitalization of 0.1 million Rs. since its founding in 2002, suddenly attracted the interest of Kabul and Anjali Chawla, owners of the large and rapidly growing real estate firm Business Park Town Planners (BPTP) which had promoted large malls like  Park Centra (Gurgaon), Next Door (Faridabad), and the Parklands Shop-In Park (North Delhi).In June 2006, at the peak of the Supreme Court interest in the  2006 Delhi sealing drive, the Chawla's invested in Park Impex, raising the Share Capital 300 fold to Rs. 30 million, with equal shares between the original promoters and the Chawlas. Two months later, in August, the company obtained a loan of Rs. 280 million by a bank which happens to be a tenant of a BPTP property. These allegations appear to be well documented in a set of papers released by the Campaign for Judicial Accountability and were not addressed in <mask>'s public response, though he did mention that his sons were creating an IT Mall. After the partnership with BPTP in June 2007 Pawan Impex purchased  of land in NOIDA on which this IT Mall is being constructed; Mid-Day reports it to be a Rs. 560 million project with .saleable floor area. A second firm, Harpawan Constructors, equally unknown, had also been promoted by the brothers. In October 2005, the promoters of Filatex India, a polyester yarn firm with a turnover of Rs. 3 billion in FY 2007, Purshottam and Madhu Sudan Bhageria, also the owners of real estate firm Fargo Estates, invested in Harpawan. Subsequently, the Bhagerias announced plans for developing the Square One, a mall devoted to luxury brands in Delhi. Justice Sabharwal has said that Purshottam Bhageria was his son's childhood friend, and that Harparwan Construction, despite its name, has not made any real estate or other investments. The business of Chetan and Nitin expanded dramatically after 2005.Besides setting up several garment manufacturing factories, they have embarked on a massive real estate programme in NOIDA. Possibly the largest project for Pawan Impex is the Rs. 560 million IT Mall being constructed in Noida. In the application to construct this mall, they had given the turnover and business of their company as "Nil". Their application for constructing this mall was approved rather mysteriously, given that in the application they had declared their company to be "Nil turnover" and "Nil business". An earlier applicant, Softedge Solutions, had been rejected on the ground that they could not satisfactorily answer questions about their previous experience in IT and their technical tie up. But Pawan Impex represented by Chetan <mask> with Nil business, no previous track record in IT and no technical tie up, managed to obtain permission.Conflict of Interest charges

Whatever the facts of the case, it is widely felt that <mask>'s being active in such decisions when his sons were even partly involved in the Delhi real estate business lacked propriety, and that he should have recused himself from these cases. To the contrary, the Outlook (magazine) printed a report claiming that
he had "called for and dealt with the sealing of commercial property cases in March 2005, though it was not assigned to him.". The actions have been condemned as being at best improper and at worst an attempt "to benefit his sons who entered into partnerships with shopping malls and developers of commercial complexes". Former Solicitor General KK Sud called this behaviour "the height of indiscretion." In terms of the content of the charges, the most damaging aspect is the participation
of the shopping mall construction giant BPTP in his son's export-import business. Both the Chawla's were on the board of the firm by early 2005, around the same time that <mask> started taking
interest in the demolition drive. What is surprising is that while <mask> in his justification addresses the other two (lesser) charges in some detail, but
he is completely silent about the BPTP connection.Jail term for two Journalists, cartoonist, publisher
In September 2007, four Mid-Day journalists were sentenced to prison by the Delhi High Court for contempt of court (making such allegations about an ex-judge). The scribes said: "We stated facts in our stories. (in the articles relating to former Chief Justice of India Y K <mask>) and that is why we should not be hauled up for contempt. The laws in the country are outdated." The contempt laws in India do not rely on truth as the primary test for judging contempt. The columns were also somewhat tongue-in-cheek, accompanied also by a cartoon (the cartoonist has also been sentenced to four months in jail). Justice R S Sodhi and Justice B N Chaturvedi of the Delhi High Court, in their judgement, said: "We feel, in this peculiar case, the contemnors have tarnished the image of the highest court and the sentence of four months' imprisonment would serve the justice."M K Tayal, senior journalist, said, "The judges did not go into the merits of the argument. They did not apply their minds while delivering the judgement.". "The Supreme Court in its judgement has clearly laid down the Laxman Rekha which we feel the publications have crossed." (The Laxman Rekha is a Ramayanic reference to a line that should not be crossed). However, the defendants had already processed their bail requests from the Supreme Court, and they were immediately released on bail. Tayal and three others are no more associated with Mid Day. It appears that the management of the newspaper compromised with Sabharwal and BPTP.Tayal, a former Indian army officer, objected Mid Day's policy of refraining from exposing more about the dealings of ex-CJI. Mid Day's MD Tariq Answari had written a note regarding the newspaper not carrying any more article on Sabharwal. About the judgement, ex-law minister Shanti Bhushan stated that Parliament had in 2006 amended the Contempt of Courts Act to say that "if the allegations against a judge were found to be true, then they would not be considered contemptuous". In view of this, the judgement, he said, may be "only aimed at terrifying the media and an attempt to curb truthfulness." Death
<mask> died of a heart attack on 3 July 2015, aged 73. He is survived by his 2 sons. References

1942 births
2015 deaths
Chief Justices of India
Judges of the Delhi High Court
Chief Justices of the Bombay High Court
20th-century Indian judges
20th-century Indian lawyers
21st-century Indian lawyers
21st-century Indian judges
Faculty of Law, University of Delhi alumni

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Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal
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<mask> (born May 13, 1993) is a Belgian professional basketball player for UMMC Ekaterinburg of the Russian Premier League and the Chicago Sky of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). After playing basketball in Belgium, <mask> was drafted by the Washington Mystics with the 19th overall pick in the second round of the 2013 WNBA draft. She has also played for the Belgian international team and several European professional teams. She was named the 2011 FIBA Europe Young Women's Player of the Year and the 2019 WNBA Finals MVP. Professional career

Europe

<mask>'s club career began at the age of 16. She played domestically for the Blue Cats, based in her birth town of Ypres, and in the EuroCup for Lotto Young Cats, also in her native Belgium. In her second season with the Blue Cats she was named Belgium Championship MVP, and took the Young Cats to two EuroCups (2010–12).In 2012, she joined ESB Villeneuve-d'Ascq of the Ligue Féminine de Basketball. In her second year with the club she played in her third EuroCup, reaching the semi-finals before falling to WBC Dynamo Moscow. <mask> played for Spartak Moscow from 2014 to 2016, competing in two EuroCup tournaments. In February 2016, she was acquired by UMMC Ekaterinburg. With UMMC Ekaterinburg, <mask> won the Russian National League championship in 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. <mask> and UMMC Ekaterinburg won the 2015–16 EuroLeague, Europe's premium basketball competition for women, in April 2016. Having missed out on the final in 2017 and finished 3rd, <mask> and UMMC Ekaterinburg won the 2017–18 EuroLeague.<mask>, averaging 19 points in the Final Four tournament, was elected Final Four MVP. <mask> and UMMC Ekaterinburg followed this up with further Euroleague wins in seasons 2018–19 and 2020–21. With this 4th victory, <mask> equaled fellow Belgian Ann Wauters' 4 Euroleague wins. WNBA
<mask> was drafted 19th overall in the second round of the 2013 WNBA Draft by the Washington Mystics. In her rookie season, <mask> was a back-up center on the Mystics' roster, averaging 4.4 points per game and 3.1 rebounds per game in 34 games with 1 start. In the 2014 season, <mask> became the starting center for the Mystics and averaged 10.1 points per game and a career-high 6.4 rebounds per game. In the 2015 season, <mask> would play outside her natural position after being moved to power forward in the Mystics' starting line-up to make room for Stefanie Dolson at the center position.<mask> would have a breakout season in 2015, averaging 11.6 points per game, 6.3 rebounds per game, was ranked fifth in blocks per game and also added three-point shooting to her skill set. <mask> scored a career-high 24 points to go along with 10 rebounds in a loss against the Tulsa Shock on June 19, 2015. She also made her first career all-star game appearance after being voted into the 2015 WNBA All-Star Game. In 2016, <mask> signed a three-year contract extension with the Mystics. During the 2016 season, <mask> would have the best season of her career thus far, averaging a career-high 15.2 points per game and led the league in three-point field goal percentage. In 2017, after the Mystics traded Dolson to the Chicago Sky, <mask> continued her role at the power forward spot in the starting lineup. In the Mystics' season opener, <mask> scored 13 points along with 8 rebounds in an 89–74 victory over the San Antonio Stars.During the 2017 season, <mask> left the Mystics after the first four games due to overseas commitment to play for her national team during the FIBA world championship qualifying tournament. She returned on May 12, 2017, for practice and was activated to play on the Mystics' roster on June 28, 2017. On July 30, 2017, <mask> scored a new career-high of 30 points along with 10 rebounds in a 77–70 victory over the Atlanta Dream. The Mystics secured a playoff berth as the #6 seed in the league with an 18–16 record. In the first round elimination game, the Mystics defeated the Dallas Wings 86–76, <mask> scored 16 points and grabbed 10 rebounds. They advanced to the second round elimination game, where they defeated the #3-seeded New York Liberty, 82–68, advancing to the semi-finals, making it the first time in franchise history where the Mystics have advanced past the second round. Meeeseman scored 5 points and grabbed 5 rebounds in the win.In the semi-finals, the Mystics were defeated by the Minnesota Lynx in a 3-game sweep. In January 2018, it was announced that <mask> would sit out the entire 2018 season to play for Team Belgium in the 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup tournament. Without <mask>, the Mystics would make a run to the WNBA Finals, but were defeated in a 3-game sweep by the Seattle Storm. In 2019, <mask> would return to the Mystics and would play most of the season off the bench. With her return and strong contribution off the bench, the Mystics would finish as the number 1 seed with a 26–8 record, receiving a double-bye to the semi-finals. In the semi-finals, the Mystics would defeat the Las Vegas Aces 3–1, advancing to the WNBA Finals for the second year in a row. This time with <mask>'s presence and her off-the-bench heroics, she would help lead the Mystics to the WNBA championship after defeating the Connecticut Sun in five games.<mask> would also win Finals MVP, becoming the first European player to do so and just the second international player in league history along with Lauren Jackson. In 2020, the season was delayed and shortened to 22 games in a bubble at IMG Academy due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On August, 5, 2020, <mask> scored a season-high 24 points along with 13 rebounds in a 83–77 victory over the Las Vegas Aces. During the season, the Mystics were shorthanded with key players leaving in free agency and sitting out for health concerns as they finished 9–13 with the number 8 seed. <mask> had returned to the starting lineup with increased playing time. They would lose 85–84 to the Phoenix Mercury in the first round elimination game. Ahead of the 2022 season, <mask> signed with the Chicago Sky, where she will be reunited with her Belgian national teammates Julie Allemand and Ann Wauters (with the latter serving as an assistant coach).International
<mask> made her debut for Belgium at the 2011 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship for Women. In the final, <mask> led the team to victory 77–49 over France, herself scoring 25 points, and was named tournament MVP. On November 25, 2015, she scored 31 points, made seventeen rebounds and five assists for the women's senior team in a EuroBasket Women 2017 qualifier against Belarus. In Belgium's quarterfinal Eurobasket 2017 match against Italy, she scored 28 points, had 11 rebounds, five assists, and five blocked shots. <mask> led Belgium to a best ever finish in EuroBasket Women 2017, a bronze medal, and was named to the All Star five of the tournament. With this finish in the top 5 of EuroBasket Women 2017, the Belgium women's national basketball team qualified for the 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup. Before this, the Belgium women's national basketball team had never qualified for a World Championships or the Olympic Games.Continuing on from her strong performance at EuroBasket Women 2017, <mask> led the Belgium women's national basketball team to a top finish in group C, besting (then second-ranked team in the world) Spain. The Belgian Cats next beat (the then third-ranked team in the world) France in the quarter-final only to lose against the top-ranked team in the world (USA) in the semi-final. Beaten in the bronze medal game by Spain, the Belgian women registered a 4th-place finish at their first FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup. <mask>, averaging the most rebounds per game (10.7) and the second most points per game (18.5) at the tournament, was selected to the Tournament All-Star Five. In 2020 the Belgian Cats, with <mask>, qualified for the Olympic games in Tokyo. She was later also named the TISSOT MVP at the FIBA Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament in Ostend. At the 2020 Summer Games, she led the Belgium women's national basketball team to the quarter finals, having defeated Australia and Puerto Rico and lost to China in the poule phase.In the quarterfinals, Belgium then suffered a heartbreak loss to home team Japan. At the end of the tournament, she was elected to the All-Star Five of the tournament, having posted the best points per game, steals and efficiency in the tournament. She was the Belgian Women's Basketball Player of the Year in 1983. <mask> speaks fluent Dutch, French and English. <mask> was also born with 50% hearing. She wears hearing devices behind both ears to compensate for her lack of hearing. Awards

Vlaamse Reus (2019)
Flemish Sportsjewel (2019)
 2011 FIBA Europe Young Women's Player of the Year
 2019 WNBA Finals MVP
 2020  TISSOT MVP during the Olympic Qualifying tournament in Ostend
 2020 Sportswoman of the year in Belgium

References

External links

FIBA Europe profile
Eurobasket.com profile
WNBA Profile

1993 births
Living people
Basketball players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Belgian expatriate basketball people in France
Belgian expatriate basketball people in Russia
Belgian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Belgian women's basketball players
Olympic basketball players of Belgium
Centers (basketball)
Deaf people from Belgium
Deaf basketball players
Sportspeople from Ypres
Washington Mystics draft picks
Washington Mystics players
Women's National Basketball Association All-Stars

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Emma Meesseman
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<mask> (born 29 August 1982) is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is popularly regarded as one the greatest African Goalkeepers of all time and of his era. During his senior career, which spanned nearly 20 years, <mask> played for Ibom Stars, Enyimba, Iwuanyanwu Nationale, Bnei Yehuda, Hapoel Tel Aviv, Lille and Maccabi Tel Aviv. He was also a member of the Nigeria national team from 2002 until October 2015, serving as its captain from 2013 until his retirement from international football in 2015. With 101 caps, he was Nigeria's most capped player until November 2021 when he was surpassed by Ahmed Musa. Club career

Enyimba International
During his spell with Enyimba International F.C., he won the CAF Champions League twice, with one noteworthy distinction: He was always substituted before penalty shootouts. "I don't know why I was substituted before penalties, but it worked," he said in an interview in 2006."In Israel I stopped many penalties and now everyone knows that I can handle penalties." Bnei Yehuda
After three seasons with Enyimba International F.C. and one with Iwuanyanwu Nationale (now known as Heartland F.C. ), <mask> moved to small Israeli club Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv. In his first season, the team qualified for the final of the Israel State Cup and, having finished fourth in the Israeli Premier League, for the 2006 UEFA Cup competition as well. Hapoel Tel Aviv
<mask> signed for Hapoel Tel Aviv in 2007. Hapoel endured a poor season in 2007/2008, but <mask> helped the team avoid relegation and reach the state cup final.During the 2008–09 season, <mask> became Hapoel's penalty kicker, won the "Player of The Year" award, and just missed leading Hapoel to the league title. In the 2009–10 season, Hapoel won the league and cup double, with <mask> featuring prominently. He scored a goal in the Cup Final, but missed a penalty in the last fixture of the year, which Hapoel eventually won by scoring in the 92nd minute, thereby capturing the league title. On 18 August 2010, he scored his first goal of the 2010–11 season with a penalty against Red Bull Salzburg in the Champions League qualifiers. <mask> played well on the Champions League Group Stage, especially against Lyon and Schalke 04. Hapoel also won the Israeli cup again. Lille
In June 2011 <mask> moved to French side Lille for an undisclosed fee on a three-year contract.He made his debut on 18 October 2011 against Inter Milan in the 2012 UEFA Champions League group stage, where Inter managed a 1–0 victory. In August 2012 <mask> agreed a one-year loan deal with Maccabi Tel Aviv and was presented to the media by Maccabi's Sports Director Jordi Cruyff on 8 August 2012. He appeared in 27 Israeli Premier League fixtures and Maccabi went on to win the championship title. During the 2013–14 Ligue 1 season, club manager René Girard picked <mask> as his first-choice goalkeeper ahead of Steeve Elana, who had previously been the first-choice goalkeeper under Rudi Garcia. With the help of his two centre-backs, Marko Baša and Simon Kjær, <mask> kept 11 consecutive clean sheets in Ligue 1 matches during the first half of the season. On 8 December 2013, <mask> finally conceded a goal after playing 1,062 minutes of Ligue 1 football in an away match against Bordeaux, during which he was beaten by Landry N'Guémo's deflected strike in the 27th minute. He thus came within 114 minutes of equalling Gaëtan Huard's Ligue 1 goalkeeping record, set in 1993, of playing 1,176 minutes without conceding a goal.In the 2017–18 season <mask> did not make a league appearance having been left out of the first team due to "a disagreement between the player and the club's management". He joined the first team's pre-season training in July 2018. He was released by mutual consent on 31 August 2018. In January 2019 he said he was keen to play again, and in July 2019 he went on trial with French club Dijon. Despite not being offered a contract by Dijon he expressed gratitude to the club. While at the start of the 2019–20 season <mask> stated that he hoped to find a new club and continue playing, he finally retired after the end of the campaign. International career
After making his debut for the Nigeria national football team against Kenya in May 2002, <mask> was selected for the 2002 FIFA World Cup as a cover for Ike Shorunmu.He made his competitive debut in that tournament, keeping a clean sheet against England in the third group match. Since the retirement of Shorunmu, he has been the first-choice goalkeeper for the national team, helping the Super Eagles to third-place finishes in the 2004, 2006, 2010 Africa Cup of Nations tournaments, and captaining the team to victory of in the 2013 edition. He has also participated in the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, and the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. In the 2006 Africa Cup of Nations, <mask> stopped three kicks in the quarter-final penalty shootout against Tunisia, but could not prevent a loss to Ivory Coast in the semi-final. In the 2010 tournament, he was again Nigeria's shootout hero at the quarter-final stage, saving from Zambia's Thomas Nyrienda and scoring the winning kick himself. <mask> made his second FIFA World Cup appearance in the 2010 tournament in South Africa. He was named man of the match in Nigeria's first game of the tournament, a defiant display that restricted Argentina to a 1–0 win.<mask>, who was playing his 56th international for the Super Eagles, made six fine saves against the two-time world champions, four of them from Lionel Messi. Argentine coach Diego Maradona praised him as the reason Messi was not able to score a goal. <mask> was also awarded man of the match in the team's next fixture, a 2–1 loss to Greece, but was at fault for Vasilis Torosidis' winning goal. At the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, <mask> deputised for regular captain Joseph Yobo, who stayed on the bench for most of the competition. On 10 February, <mask> led Nigeria to its third continental victory, keeping a clean sheet in a 1–0 defeat of Burkina Faso in the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations Final. He was named to the team of the tournament as first choice goalkeeper, conceding only four goals in six matches. In June 2014, <mask> was named in Nigeria's squad for the 2014 FIFA World Cup.In the Super Eagles' first fixture, he kept the second FIFA World Cup clean sheet of his career as Nigeria drew 0–0 with Iran. He subsequently recorded a second consecutive shutout in the fixture against Bosnia and Herzegovina, a 1–0 win which gave Nigeria its first win at the tournament since the 1998 edition. He conceded three goals in the last match of the first round against Argentina, a game which ended in a 3–2 defeat for Nigeria, placing them second in the group and thus qualifying them for the second round for the first time in 16 years. On 26 March 2015, <mask> won his 100th cap for Nigeria in a 1–0 loss to Uganda. He retired from international football on 8 October 2015. Personal life
A Christian from Ika Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, <mask> is married and a father of three. In 2004, he was involved in a car accident in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State southern Nigeria, in which two motorcycle passengers were killed.The driver of the car in which Enyeama was travelling was left in critical condition. Despite the severity of the accident, <mask> suffered only bruises after the car somersaulted twice as it swerved to avoid the motorbike. Honours

Club
Enyimba International
 Nigerian Premier League: 2001, 2002, 2003
 CAF Champions League: 2003, 2004

Hapoel Tel-Aviv
 Israeli Premier League: 2009–10
 Israel State Cup: 2009–10, 2010–11

Maccabi Tel-Aviv
 Israeli Premier League: 2012–13

International
Nigeria
 Africa Cup of Nations: 2013

Individual
 CAF Champions League Player of the Year: 2003, 2004
 Footballer of the Year in Israel: 2009
 UNFP Player of the Month: October 2013, November 2013
 Prix Marc-Vivien Foé: 2014
 Goalkeeper of the year Nigeria Pitch Awards: 2013, 2014
 King of the pitch Nigeria Pitch Awards: 2014
 Goal Nigeria Player of the Year: 2014
 IFFHS CAF Men's Team of the Decade 2011–2020

See also
 List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Nigerian Christians
Sportspeople from Kaduna
Nigerian footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Nigeria international footballers
Africa Cup of Nations-winning players
2002 FIFA World Cup players
2004 African Cup of Nations players
2006 Africa Cup of Nations players
2008 Africa Cup of Nations players
2010 Africa Cup of Nations players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2013 Africa Cup of Nations players
2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
Israeli Premier League players
Ligue 1 players
Enyimba F.C. players
Heartland F.C. players
Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv F.C. players
Hapoel Tel Aviv F.C. players
Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C.players
Lille OSC players
FIFA Century Club
Nigerian expatriate footballers
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Israel
Expatriate footballers in Israel
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate footballers in France

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