texts:
 Zhang Yan's demands that the division be cancelled, Zhang Yan forced He Delun to write <mask>u, offering to surrender Tianxiong to him. <mask> subsequently arrived at Tianxiong and, after killing Zhang Yan for his violent behavior, assumed the military governorship of Tianxiong himself and incorporated into Jin.Subsequent Later Liang counterattacks commanded by the generals <mask>n and Wang Tan () were defeated by <mask>u and his generals. (Tianxiong subsequently became a major source of human and material resources for <mask>unxu's campaigns.) Tianxiong's fall to Jin left the other Later Liang circuits north of the Yellow River (Baoyi (保義, headquartered in modern Xingtai, Hebei, which Jin later renamed Anguo (), and Shunhua (順化, i.e., Yichang, which Later Liang had taken during the Jin campaign against Yan and renamed, and which Jin later renamed Henghai () isolated, and by late 916, they had fallen to Jin as well, leaving a single city (黎陽, in modern Hebi, Henan) north of the Yellow River that was still held by Later Liang. However, Jin was soon challenged by the Khitan Empire to the north as well, with Khitan's Emperor Taizu (Yelü Abaoji) launching a major attack on Lulong in 917, putting You Prefecture under siege. While <mask> and his generals (his adoptive brothers <mask> and <mask>hen, as well as Yan Bao () subsequently repelled the Khitan attack, Lulong's vulnerability to Khitan attacks had been exposed, and in the future, there would be recurrent Khitan incursions against Lulong. In winter 917, <mask>, believing that he was in shape to destroy Later Liang once and for all, gathered all of his major generals, preparing to cross the then-frozen Yellow River and attack Later Liang's capital Daliang. However, he then apparently changed his mind, wanting to destroy the main Later Liang army, which was then under the command of He Gui, first, and he spent several months pillaging the Later Liang territory on the Yellow River.Around new year 919, the two armies met at Huliu Slope (胡柳陂, in modern Heze, Shandong), just south of the Yellow River. Disregarding Zhou Dewei's advice that he should wear out the Later Liang forces first before engaging them, <mask>u ordered a direct attack, which was disastrous for the Jin army, with Zhou killed in battle. During the initial rout, however, <mask>u took position on a hill and used it to counterattack, inflicting much losses against Later Liang, fighting the battle to an essential draw. It was said that both Jin and Later Liang lost two thirds of their soldiers that day, and both were weakened for quite some time. Integration of Zhao and Yiwu into Jin
At the same time, a crisis was developing within Jin's ally Zhao. Wang Rong, in his old age, was described to be superstitious and spending much efforts on immortality, not attending to the affairs of his state, and spending much time at his vacation estate. He also greatly trusted the eunuch Shi Ximeng (), who encouraged him in such tendencies.In late 920, when he remained for months at his vacation estate and refused to return to Zhao's capital Zhen Prefecture (), his military commander <mask> () and eunuch <mask>i () felt compelled to mobilize soldiers to force him to return—and the soldiers, in the disturbance, killed Shi. Wang subsequently killed <mask> and <mask>i, entrusting the authority of the state to his son and heir Wang Zhaozuo and adoptive son Wang Deming. The remaining soldiers feared that they would also be punished, and, in spring 921, they mutinied and slaughtered Wang Rong and his family, supporting Wang Deming (who then changed his name back to his birth name of Zhang Wenli) as their leader. Zhang offered to submit as a vassal to <mask>u, and <mask>u, while greatly saddened by Wang Rong's death, initially commissioned him as the acting military governor of Chengde Circuit (成德, i.e., Zhao). However, Zhang himself was apprehensive of how <mask>u viewed him, and therefore made overtures to both Later Liang's emperor Zhu Zhen (premised on the fact that he spared Wang Zhaozuo's wife, who was a sister to Zhu Zhen and who carried the title of Princess Puning), and Khitan's Emperor Taizu. Zhu, however, was dissuaded from aiding Zhang by his associates, despite his chancellor Jing Xiang's advocacy for doing so. Eventually, <mask>, encouraged by the Zhao general Fu Xi (), who commanded the Zhao detachment in <mask>'s army and who wanted to avenge the Wang family, declared a general campaign against Zhang.Zhang died in shock when the campaign was declared, but under the leadership of his son Zhang Chujin, the Chengde mutineers resisted. Meanwhile, a similar crisis was developing at another Jin ally, Yiwu Circuit. Wang Chuzhi feared that if Jin conquered Zhao lands, Yiwu would inevitably also be incorporated into Jin territory, and therefore advocated pardoning Zhang Wenli. When his proposal was rebuffed by <mask>u, Wang Chuzhi decided to secretly make an overture to Khitan's Emperor Taizu to invite him to invade Jin, through his son Wang Yu (), who was then a Jin officer on the Khitan border. Wang Yu agreed, but extracted a promise from Wang Chuzhi that he be made heir, displacing Wang Chuzhi's adoptive son Wang Du, whom Wang Chuzhi had designated as heir. However, the Yiwu officers did not want to see a Khitan invasion, and Wang Du used this sentiment to lead a coup against Wang Chuzhi. He put Wang Chuzhi and Wang Chuzhi's wife under house arrest, while slaughtering Wang Chuzhi's descendants at Yiwu's capital Ding Prefecture ().He then reported what happened to <mask>u. <mask>u commissioned him as the acting military governor of Yiwu, thus effectively turning Yiwu into a vassal. Subsequently, the Khitan emperor invaded, enticed by Wang Yu's description of Chengde and Yiwu as rich lands that he could pillage. <mask>, leaving his generals to siege Zhen Prefecture, personally led an army to confront the Khitan army. He defeated the Khitan army, forcing Emperor Taizu's withdrawal and leaving the Chengde mutineers without outside allies. Despite the seeming inevitability of success, the Jin forces suffered several major losses against the Chengde mutineers:

 Shi Jiantang was killed in battle. Yan Bao was defeated and forced to retreat.(Yan subsequently died in shame.) <mask> suffered a mortal injury and died from it. <mask>'s adoptive brother <mask>jin was also killed in battle. Meanwhile, <mask> and <mask> fought off a Later Liang army commanded by Dai Siyuan, which tried to take advantage of the situation. <mask>u subsequently commissioned <mask> to attack the Chengde mutineers, and Zhen fell to him. <mask>u killed Zhang Chujin and his brothers, and incorporated Chengde into his territory. <mask>'s death, however, created another crisis for <mask>, who, at this time, was preparing to claim imperial title.After <mask>'s death, his sons, against <mask>u's orders to have <mask>'s casket escorted to Taiyuan for burial, instead took it back to Lu Prefecture. Thereafter, <mask>'s son <mask>o seized power at Zhaoyi, and <mask>u, not wanting to create another disturbance, changed the name of the circuit to Anyi () (to observe naming taboo for <mask>) and commissioned <mask> as the acting military governor. However, subsequently, fearing that <mask>u would act against him, particularly when <mask>u recalled the eunuch monitor Zhang Juhan and the secretary general Ren Huan to his provisional imperial government, <mask>o submitted Anyi to Later Liang. Zhu Zhen was very pleased, and renamed the circuit to Kuangyi (), commissioning <mask>o as its military governor. As Emperor of Later Tang

Conquest of Later Liang
Shortly after, in spring 923, <mask>u declared himself emperor of a new Later Tang—using the Tang name for his state to claim legitimate succession from Tang—at Wei Prefecture. He renamed Wei to Xingtang Municipality () and made it his temporary capital. At that time, though, the outlook for the new Later Tang state was not a positive one—as it was facing the reality of regular Khitan incursions that laid Lulong bare and Anyi's recent rebellion.However, at that time, the Later Liang officer Lu Shunmi () defected to Later Tang, revealing that Later Liang's Tianping Circuit (天平, headquartered in modern Tai'an, Shandong)—south of the Yellow River and deep behind Later Liang lines—was not well-defended and could be taken. <mask>u believed that this was an opportunity to change the tide of the war, and put <mask>, who supported the plan, in charge of an army to launch a surprise attack on Tianping's capital Yun Prefecture (). <mask> was shortly thereafter able to capture Yun in a surprise attack. Shocked by Yun's fall, Zhu Zhen relieved Dai Siyuan, who was the military governor of Tianping but who was then commanding the main Later Liang army against Later Tang, of his command, and, at Jing Xiang's recommendation, commissioned Wang Yanzhang to replace him. Wang quickly attacked and captured the border fort Desheng (德勝, in modern Puyang, Henan), intending to use it to cut off the supply line between Later Tang proper and Yun. However, his subsequent battles against <mask> himself were indecisive; further, Wang's commission caused much apprehension in the hearts of Zhu's close associates—his brother-in-law Zhao Yan and four brothers/cousins of his late wife Consort Zhang—as Wang had long despised what he saw as their wickedness. Zhao and the Zhangs thus defamed him before Zhu, who then removed him and replaced him with Duan Ning.Meanwhile, Zhu also destroyed the Yellow River levee at Hua Prefecture (滑州, in modern Anyang, Henan), causing a flood area, believing that it would impede further Later Tang attacks. Duan prepared an ambitious plan for a four-prong counterattack against Later Tang:

 Dong Zhang would head toward Taiyuan. Huo Yanwei would head toward Zhen Prefecture. Wang and Consort Zhang's brother Zhang Hanjie () would head toward Yun Prefecture. Duan himself, along with Du Yanqiu, would confront <mask>u. However, the Later Liang officer Kang Yanxiao, at this junction, defected to Later Tang, revealing Duan's plan to the Later Tang emperor and pointing out that the plan left the Later Liang capital Daliang defenseless, and pointing out that Wang's and Zhang Hanjie's army was the weakest of the four prongs and could easily be defeated. <mask>u decided to take the risky move himself, and advanced to Yun to join forces with <mask>, and then engage Wang and Zhang Hanjie.He defeated them, capturing both Wang and Zhang Hanjie at Zhongdu (中都, in modern Jining, Shandong), and then headed directly toward the defenseless Daliang. With Duan's army trapped north of the Yellow River and unable to come to his rescue, Zhu saw the situation as hopeless. He ordered his general Huangfu <mask> () to kill him; Huangfu did, and then committed suicide himself. This thus ended Later Liang. <mask> subsequently entered Daliang and claimed all of Later Liang territory. Governance at Luoyang
<mask>u set his capital at Luoyang. He also notified the other main independent states—Wu and Former Shu—of his victory over Later Liang, causing much fear in both of those states.Also shocked by his victory was Qi's prince <mask>, who, in fear that he might be the next target, submitted as a vassal. <mask>u accepted <mask>'s submission and created him as the Prince of Qin. After <mask>'s death in 924, <mask>u allowed his son <mask> to inherit Fengxiang Circuit as military governor, but did not bestow <mask> a princely title, and this was thus viewed as the end of Qi as an independent state. The Later Liang military governors all submitted to him, and in effect, he had merged the two states. (That included <mask>o, although, after he later discovered the <mask>o was still planning to control his realm independently, he put <mask>o to death. However, despite being a capable general, <mask>u was not capable at governance. He, and particularly his favorite consort <mask>, whom he created empress, were gathering wealth to be stored despite the burden it was creating for the people.He also alienated his army by trusting perfomers (as he himself had a passion for performing) and eunuchs, such that he made three performers prefectural prefects, while soldiers who had followed him for hundreds of battles were not similarly rewarded. This phenomenon was also observed as such by Wu's emissary to Later Tang, Lu Ping (), and a former Later Liang warlord, Gao Jixing the military governor of Jingnan Circuit (荊南, headquartered in modern Jingzhou, Hubei, not the same Jingnan Circuit referred to earlier), who would eventually, after <mask>u's death, effectively become independent of Later Tang, as well as Southern Han's emissary He Ci (). Meanwhile, <mask>u planned to conquer Former Shu and, in late 925, put his plans into action. He commissioned his oldest son with Empress <mask>, <mask>, as the titular commander of the operations, but put his chief of staff, Guo Chongtao, in actual command of the operations as <mask>'s deputy. The attack caught Former Shu's emperor Wang Zongyan by surprise as he thought that the two states were coexisting peacefully. The Later Tang forces repeatedly defeated the forces Former Shu sent to resist it, and, by the end of 925, the situation had become so desperate that the Former Shu major general Wang Zongbi (Wang Yan's adoptive brother) seized Wang Yan and his family and forced Wang Yan to surrender the Former Shu realm to Later Tang, thus ending Former Shu, whose territory was taken over by Later Tang. Downfall
After the conquest of Former Shu, however, both <mask>u and Empress <mask> came to suspect Guo Chongtao of wanting to occupy the Shu lands and rebel.<mask>, however, was unwilling to act against Guo without further proof. However, Empress <mask> went ahead and issued an order to <mask>, ordering him to kill Guo. <mask> did so. With Guo dead, <mask>u went ahead and issued an edict condemning him and ordering his sons be killed as well. Subsequently, with the eunuchs and performers accusing the major general <mask> of having plotted rebellion with Guo, <mask>u killed <mask>lin and his family members as well. Guo's and <mask>'s death sent fear and anger throughout the Later Tang army ranks. The situation was aggravated by the fact that the central Later Tang territory was going through a terrible famine at the time, and, with Empress <mask> unwilling to release the funds for famine relief, many soldiers' families starved, further causing them to be angry at the emperor and empress.These resentment spawned a number of revolts, the most serious of which were one led by Kang Yanxiao in the Shu lands (as he was one of the generals under Guo in the Former Shu campaign), and one by the soldiers at Yedu (鄴都, i.e., Xingtang). Kang's rebellion was quickly put down by Ren Huan, but the imperial troops under <mask>rong had difficulty putting down the Yedu rebellion, and it threatened to become even more problematic. When <mask>u subsequently sent <mask> to take over the operations, <mask>'s own soldiers mutinied and forced him to join the Yedu mutineers. <mask> tried to send messengers to <mask> to explain he had not intended to rebel, but his messengers were intercepted by <mask>rong. He decided to attack south and occupy Bian Prefecture (汴州, i.e., formerly Daliang), and <mask> mobilized an army to try to intercept him. Bian Prefecture's defender Kong Xun decided to play both sides, and sent emissaries to both of them, welcoming them. When <mask> reached Bian first, Kong welcomed him in, and rejected <mask>xu.Hearing this, <mask> dejectedly returned to Luoyang. After he returned to Luoyang, the officer Guo Congqian () led a mutiny, and <mask>u tried to fight the mutineers. He suffered an arrow wound in the battle and shortly after died from it. <mask> shortly thereafter arrived at Luoyang and, after initially claiming only the title of regent, eventually took the throne. Empress <mask> fled Luoyang but was tracked down by <mask>'s emissaries and ordered to kill herself. <mask> tried to head to Luoyang to contest <mask>'s succession, but on the way, his soldiers deserted him, and he committed suicide. <mask>'s younger sons later became monks and fled to Meng Zhixiang, who would treat them as his own sons.Poetry
<mask>'s 4 ci poems were preserved in a Song Dynasty book called Zun Qian Ji (尊前集; Collection of Respecting the Old). Ci hai  (). Shanghai: Shanghai ci shu chu ban she  (), 1979. History of the Five Dynasties, vols. 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34. New History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 5.Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 260, 263, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275. Davis, Richard L., Fire and Ice: LI Cunxu and the Rise of Later Tang. (Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2016)

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10th-century Chinese monarchs
885 births
926 deaths
Jin (Later Tang precursor) jiedushi of Chengde Circuit
Jin (Later Tang precursor) jiedushi of Hedong Circuit
Jin (Later Tang precursor) jiedushi of Lulong Circuit
Jin (Later Tang precursor) jiedushi of Tianxiong Circuit
Jin (Later Tang precursor) princes
9th-century Turkic people
10th-century Turkic people
Later Tang emperors
Politicians from Taiyuan
Generals from Shanxi
10th-century Chinese poets
Poets from Shanxi
Founding monarchs
Medieval

masks:
Li Cunx
Li Cunxu
Liu Xu
Li Cunx
Li C
Li Cunxu
Li Siyuan
Li Cuns
Li Cunxu
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Ai
Li Honggu
Li Ai
Li Honggu
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Cunxu
Li Cunxu
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Cunxu
Li Sizhao
Li Cunxu
Li Cun
Li Cunshen
Li Siyuan
Li Cunx
Li Cunshen
Li Cunx
Li Sizhao
Li Cunxu
Li Sizhao
Li Cunx
Li Sizhao
Li Sizhao
Li Jita
Li Cunx
Li Sizhao
Li Jitao
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Jita
Li Jita
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Siyuan
Li Siyuan
Li Cunxu
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Li Siyuan
Lin
Li Cunxu
Li Cunx
Li Maozhen
Li Cunx
Li Maozhen
Li Maozhen
Li Cunx
Li Jiyan
Li Jiyan
Li Jita
Li Jita
Li Jita
Li Cunx
Empress Liu
Li Cunx
Li Cunx
Liu
Li Jiji
Li Jiji
Li Cunx
Liu
Li Cunxu
Liu
Li Jiji
Li Jiji
Li Cunx
Li Jilin
Li Cunx
Li Ji
Li Jilin
Liu
Li Shao
Li Cunx
Li Siyuan
Li Siyuan
Li Siyuan
Li Cunxu
Li Shao
Li Cunxu
Li Siyuan
Li Cun
Li Cunxu
Li Cunx
Li Siyuan
Liu
Li Siyuan
Li Jiji
Li Siyuan
Li Cunxu
Li Cunxu


type: original

texts:
<mask> is an Italian musician, composer, producer and arranger. Background
Born in Genoa (Italy) in 1958, he began to approach music at a very early age, when his father and mother would record their performances on a small reel-to-reel tape recorder. <mask> started his first musical experiments with his father's guitar. At the age of seven he received a diatonic harmonica, followed by an accordion, after which he approached the study of the piano, after which he decided to attend a conservatory. Rejected by the Conservatory of Genoa due to his age (16 years old were considered too many to start studying the piano), he decided to attend Antonio Vivaldi Conservatory in Alessandria and Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory in Turin, where he met the man who would later become his teacher, pianist Raf Cristiano. During the same period, <mask> began playing live in underground clubs, night clubs, piano bars and clubs in northern Italy, studying, play and earning some money at the same time. He played with the bands Studio, Immenso Campo di Fragole and Equipage, with whom he recorded a couple of 45s by the end of the 70s.1970s and 1980s
In the late 1970s, <mask> started his first experience in the "Studio G" with the soundtrack composer Aldo De Scalzi, on a 3M 2-inch 16-track recorder which they used to produce disco mixes. During a piano bar evening he befriended the Genoese musician Bob Callero, the bass player of the 1970s prog bands (Osage Tribe and Duello Madre, and played with the artists Lucio Battisti, Patty Pravo and Loredana Bertè, Callero offered <mask> a chance to go to Milan and start a tour as keyboard player for Eugenio Finardi in 1982. In the same year he recorded Finardi's album "Dal Blu", for which he wrote the song "Le Ragazze di Osaka", together with Eugenio. Since then, he has worked both in studio and live with the Italian artists Ron, Fiorella Mannoia, Enzo Jannacci, Francesco De Gregori, Eros Ramazzotti and Anna Oxa, working on production and arrangement. At the same time, he started working with computers, starting with a clone of the Apple II, and later with the Macintosh and Performer program, which he still uses today. 1990s
In 1997 Alberto Parodi, owner of the Mulinetti Studio, helped Madonia begin a collaboration with the British pop-rock band the Moody Blues, as keyboard player, arranger and sound engineer, a collaboration that led to two studio albums, one live album, three 5.1 DVDs and two tours in the United States. In the same year he made soundtracks for major brands' TV commercials, written and produced together with Flavio Ibba, with whom he has also performed live.Since 1998 <mask> has been working with the composers Pivio Pischiutta and Aldo de Scalzi, making soundtracks for films and television programs including Harem Suare by Ferzan Ozpetek and the series Distretto di Polizia (Canale 5) and Medicina Generale (RAI 3). 2000s to present
In 2003 <mask> moved to Fulham in London, where he lived for about two and a half years. During this period he worked on the Moody Blues' December project, released in 2004, and on productions including the Absolute (Andy Watkins and Paul Wilson), producers of the Spice Girls. In 2005 he returned to Italy and participated in Ron's project "Ma Quando Dici Amore" as a musician and arranger, during which he worked with Claudio Baglioni, Jovanotti, Elisa, Carmen Consoli and Lucio Dalla. The proceeds of the album were donated to research against ALS disease. In 2006 he released his first solo album, called Moving, which he composed and performed during his stay in London. In the same year he met Renato Zero and played keyboards in his album, "Il Dono".Since then, the collaboration with the Roman artist has grown stronger, featuring tours and studio recordings, up to Presente album, where he participated as arranger and co-author of eight songs, and for which received a triple platinum disc. Renato Zero's album "AMO - Capitolo 1," produced by <mask>, Trevor Horn and Celso Valli, was released in March 2013, for which <mask> both produced and co-wrote 10 tracks with Renato. Collaborations
<mask> has worked on both studio and live projects with the Moody Blues, Renato Zero, Double You, Fiorella Mannoia, Francesco de Gregori, Eric Clapton, Ron, Anna Oxa, Angelo Branduardi, Eros Ramazzotti, Andy Watkins, Paul Wilson, Angoon, Darius, Gaetana, Eugenio Finardi, Lucio Dalla, Adriano Celentano, Claudio Baglioni, Luca Carboni, Raf, Giorgio Gaber, Franco Fasano, Elisa and Carmen Consoli. Awards and recognitions
In 2008, Madonia was awarded the InSound Trophy Award for Best Keyboard Player of the Year. In 2009, a few weeks after its release, Renato Zero's Presente receives the triple platinum.

masks:
Danilo Madonia
Madonia
Madonia
Madonia
Madonia
Madonia
Madonia
Madonia
Madonia
Madonia


texts:
<mask> CSS (Flumignano, Udine, 24 August 1911 – Rome, 4 May 1995) was an Italian Catholic priest of the Stigmatine Order and a scholastic Thomist philosopher. He was the founder of the Institute for Higher Studies on Unbelief, Religion and Cultures. Known for his prodigious philosophical production, Fabro was part of the scholastic revival of Thomism. One of his major contributions to twentieth-century philosophy was to draw attention to the notion of "participation" in Aquinas' metaphysics. Fabro was also interested in modern philosophy, particularly the relationship of Kierkegaard's thought to Christian philosophy, the origins and nature of anthropocentrism in modern thought, and the critical analysis of "progressive" theology. Early life
Fabro was born at Flumignano, Udine, in Northern Italy on 24 August 1911 to Angelo and Anna Zanello. He was the third of four children including two older brothers Antonio and Secondo, and a younger sister Alma Teresina.Until his fifth year, he suffered from a motor disease that prevented him from speaking though he was able to communicate via signs. He also suffered from anorexia and cried continuously. A local Capuchin Fr. Guardiano suggested visiting the "Santuario della Madonna delle Grazie" in Udine, after which he was cured. During the World War he contracted typhus but was cured by a military medical doctor. In the summer of 1915 he was operated on for Mastoiditis at the hospital of Udine where he remained till spring 1916. Consequently, his early schooling was received at the hands of his older brother.In 1922 he transferred to the "Scuola Apostolica Bertoni" of the Congregation of the Sacred Stigmata, better known as the Stigmatines, continued his schooling in grammar schools of the Order and graduated from «Scipione Maffei» Junior High school. On 1 November 1927 he entered the novitiate of the Stigmatines in Verona. He was ordained a Catholic priest on 20 April 1935 at St. John Lateran Basilica. Education
In 1928 Fabro completed his pre-seminary studies and began studies of philosophy at the "Scuola Apostolica". After completing private studies at the Marian sanctuary at Ortonovo La Spezia in 1929 he transferred to the Curia Generalizia and International College of the Stigmatine Order at the convent of Sant'Agata dei Goti on via Mazzarino in Rome in order to begin his philosophy studies at the "Collegio Sant’Apolinare", the future Lateran University. In 1931, he completed his doctorate receiving the highest marks with a thesis entitled L’oggettività del principio di causa e la critica di D. Hume (The Objectivity of the Principle of Causality and Criticism of D. Hume). This dissertation repeats the traditional criticism of Hume taught in the early 20th century.Fabro began studying for a Licentiate in theology at the Pontifical International Institute Angelicum, the forerunner of the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum<ref>Metafisica della partecipazione, Elvio Fontana, EDIVI 2011, 29</ref> On 20 December 1934 he received a prize from the Pontifical Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas for his monograph entitled Il principio di causalità, origine psicologica, formulazione filosofica, valore necessario ed universale (The Principle of Causality, its Psychological Origin, Philosophical Formulazation, and Necessary and Universal Value). On 8 September 1934 Fabro was transferred to his Order's religious house at the Church of Santa Croce in Via Flaminia where he was assigned as church organist; he was to remain at Santa Croce until his death. Fabro resumed his studies in philosophy and theology at the Pontificium Institutum Internationale Angelicum, the future Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum. On 7 July 1935 he obtained a licentiate in theology from the Angelicum. For the period of summer-fall 1935 Fabro was on scholarship at the «Stazione Zoologica» of Naples. In 1935-1936 he taught cosmology and psychology in Verona and studies natural science at the University of Padova. In 1936-1937 Fabro continued his study of theology at the Angelicum and received a doctorate on 28 October 1937 with a dissertation on the metaphysical notion of participation according to Saint Thomas Aquinas entitled La nozione metafisica di partecipazione secondo S. Tommaso d'Aquino.Fabro published this dissertation as a book in 1939 with "Vita e Pensiero" of Milano. During the period 1936 to 1940 Fabro also taught biology, rational psychology, and metaphysics at the Lateran University. Career
Upon completing his licentiate studies in philosophy and theology, Fabro began his teaching career, which was to last more than 40 years. In 1935, he taught his first courses at the Bertoni Apostolic School in Verona. From 1938 to 1940, he was ordinary university professor at Pontifical Urbaniana University, where he was first Extraordinary (1939) and then Ordinary Professor (1941) of Metaphysics. He later taught Philosophy of Religion (1948-1956; 1970-1973). In 1960, he founded the first ever Institute of the History of Atheism, which was later renamed Research Institute on Non-Belief and Culture.In 1948, he taught Theoretical Philosophy in the University of Rome. In 1949, he began teaching at Maria SS. Assunta (also known as LUMSA) and was the director of the Institute from 1954 to 1956. Fabro was invited in 1954 as Visiting Professor to give the Chaire Card. Mercier lectures at the University of Louvain on "Participation and Causality". These were published in 1960 in Italian and in 1961 in French. <mask> won the Chair of Theoretical Philosophy at the University of Naples in 1954.From 1956 to 1958, Fabro was Professor of Philosophy at the Faculty of Education and History of Philosophy at the Faculty of Letters at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Milan. Upon his return from Milan, Fabro resumed teaching at Maria SS. Assunta until 1965, when he began to teach at the University of Perugia. In 1965, Fabro taught at Notre Dame University (Indiana, USA) as Visiting Professor. While continuing to live and teach in Rome, Fabro simultaneously taught at the University of Perugia. In 1965, he was named Ordinary Professor in Philosophy. He was the head of Faculty of Education from 1965 to 1967 and Ordinary Professor in Theoretical Philosophy from 1968 to 1981.Thomistic Metaphysics

Fabro's contributions to Twentieth-century Thomistic metaphysics are many. According to Fabro, being is first grasped by the intellect in an apprehension and not by means of an abstraction or a judgment. He distinguishes between being-in-act (esse in actu) and being as act (esse ut actus). The former is able to be said of accidents, the substance, principles of being, etc., while the latter is reserved for the actuating principle of being (ens). With regard to the notion of participation, Fabro discerns a distinction between predicamental participation (characterized by univocal predication) and transcendental participation (characterized by analogical predication). According to Fabro, participation has both a structural dimension and a dynamic-causal dimension. Writings
His works were written in Italian.Some of his books and articles have been published in English.God in Exile. Modern Atheism (translation of Introduzione all'Ateismo moderno), Newman Press, New York 1968; Studium, Roma 1969(2).Selected Articles of Metaphysics and Participation (a collection of nine articles originally published by Fabro in English), IVE Press, Chillum, MD 2016.God: An Introduction to Problems in Theology (translation of Dio. Introduzione al problema teologico), IVE Press, Chillum, MD 2017.Profiles of the Saints (originally published in Italian as Profili de Santi'', 1957), IVE Press, Chillum, MD 2019. Biography

References

External links
 Cornelio Fabro Cultural Project (in Italian and English)
 Fabro's Fund at the Library of Pontificia Università della Santa Croce

1911 births
1995 deaths
Catholic philosophers
20th-century Italian philosophers
Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas alumni
Italian anti-communists
Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta faculty

masks:
Cornelio Fabro
Fabro


texts:
<mask><mask> (born March 3, 1944) is an American neuroscientist and currently a professor of neuroscience and genetics at Washington University School of Medicine

Early life and education
Salkoff received his Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree in economics in 1967 from University of California-Los Angeles. After graduation he volunteered in the United States Peace Corps working in Colombia, South America, from 1967 to 1970. Upon <mask>'s return to the United States he studied at the University of California, Berkeley, where he received his PhD in neurogenetics in 1979. Subsequently, Salkoff trained as a postdoctoral associate in neurogenetics at Yale University, in the laboratory of Professor Robert Wyman with consultation and aid from Professor Charles F. Stevens. Career
<mask>'s career began in 1978 before much detail was known about ion channel structure using Drosophila as a model system. As a graduate student he worked on the shibire mutant and characterized its defects in synaptic transmission.Cloning of the extended family of potassium channel genes. The structure of potassium channels which shape the electrical activity in the nervous system was unknown when Salkoff was a graduate student. It was believed that one way to obtain the protein structure of a potassium channel was to identify a gene encoding the channel protein in a genetically tractable organism, and then combine newly developed tools in biophysics, molecular genetics, DNA sequencing in eukaryotes, and molecular cloning, to clone and sequence the gene and functionally express the encoded channel in a heterologous expression system. To this end, as a postdoctoral researcher, Salkoff adapted the voltage clamp technique to the fruit fly Drosophila which had been used by Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley to reveal the ionic basis of the nerve action potential. This enabled the direct observation of ion currents in a genetically tractable organism. This technique was then used to show that the Drosophila Shaker gene was the structural gene for a potassium channel, a claim which was based on several genetic criteria and confirmed by biophysical analysis of the expected ion channel current phenotype. Thus, mutations of a structural gene should produce loss of function mutations where the gene product is absent or non-functional, gain of function mutations where the functional properties of the gene product is changed, and position effect mutations where a breakpoint near the gene reduces expression of a normal gene product.All three classes of mutations were characterized by Salkoff, e.g. 1. Loss-of-function mutant ( ShrKO120) which removed the Shaker K+ current. 2. Gain-of-function  mutant (Sh5) (which changed the inactivation kinetics of the current, 3. Position effect conferred by the W32 X-chromosome breakpoint. <mask> also combined voltage-clamp technique with genetic analysis to reveal the location of the Shaker gene on the Drosophila polytene chromosome map.These studies validated the Shaker gene as the structural locus of a potassium channel and guided a chromosomal “walking” strategy to the physical location of the Shaker locus. It also had the effect of directing great attention to Drosophila as a model system combining molecular genetics with biophysical tools and enabled the study of ion channel biology using a comprehensive approach not possible in other systems. Salkoff found that the W32 chromosomal broke within or close to the Shaker gene. This study showing the location of the Shaker gene on the physical chromosome map facilitated the cloning of the Shaker potassium channel. Based on these findings Salkoff began a genomic DNA "walk" along the chromosome to clone the Shaker gene in conjunction with Patrick H. O'Farrell and Lily Jan but moved to Washington University before the project was finished. The project was completed by several laboratories. The cloning and functional expression of a family of voltage-gated K+ channels conserved in all animals brought order to the field of electrophysiology, and validated the use of simple animal models in the field of membrane excitability.After the initial cloning of the Shaker gene by several laboratories. <mask>'s laboratory used the Shaker cDNA as a stepping stone [using the technique of low stringency hybridization] with which to clone and functionally characterize the extended gene family of voltage-dependent potassium channels which in addition to Shaker, was designated  Shab (Kv2), Shaw (Kv3) and Shal (Kv4). The Salkoff lab then showed that all families were conserved in mammals and were independent current systems (that did not form heteromultimers between families One or more of these genes expressing voltage-dependent potassium currents are expressed in virtually all vertebrate and invertebrate neurons. <mask>'s studies showed that an “essential set” of ion channels was conserved throughout the animal kingdom and was even present in primitive metazoan forms such as jellyfish, thus proving that the electrical properties of the nervous system developed early in evolution. This work contributed to one of the fundamental revelations of modern biology, that the basic genes and proteins that form complex animal life are highly conserved, having evolved only once, and presumably present in LUCA, the Last universal common ancestor to all current metazoan life. In addition to the cloning and characterization of voltage-dependent potassium channels, <mask>'s lab also cloned and functionally characterized the “SLO” family of high conductance potassium channels. The discovery of a high conductance sperm¬specific potassium channel turned out to be the key to understanding membrane potential changes that occur during sperm capacitation; a knockout strain of the SLO3 potassium channel in mouse has turned out to be a valuable tool to investigate  membrane potential dependent aspects of sperm physiology.Honors
Salkoff was the recipient of the “<mask>ing Prize in Genetics” and was a Research Fellow sponsored by the Muscular Dystrophy Association, the Esther A. and Joseph Klingenstein Fund, Inc. and the National Science Foundation. Salkoff's published works are available in PubMed and in researchgate

Abstracts of Salkoff's completed and ongoing research projects supported by the National Institutes of Health are available at
NIH RePorter

References

External links
 Published works at PubMed, Researchgate
 NIH Abstracts of completed and ongoing research projects supported by the National Institutes of Health

American neuroscientists
Living people
1944 births

masks:
Lawrence B
. Salkoff
Salkoff
Salkoff
Salkoff
Salkoff
Salkoff
Salkoff
John Bell


texts:
<mask>. (1791–1870) was the captain of the whalers Essex and Two Brothers, both of which sank. <mask>'s life, including his encounter with the sperm whale that sank Essex, served as inspiration for Captain Ahab, the whale-obsessed character in Herman Melville's Moby-Dick. Life and work

<mask> was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts, the son of Tamar (Bunker) and <mask>, a ship's captain, at a time when the principal industry there was hunting sperm whales to harvest the oil contained in their blubber and spermaceti. By the time he was 23 he had served on the Essex for four years in the capacities of second mate and first mate from 1815–1819. In 1819, <mask> was appointed captain of Essex by the owners, Gideon Folger and Sons, and prepared to set sail for the Pacific Ocean in August. Other members of the 21-man crew included Owen Chase as first mate, Matthew Joy as second mate, and six other Nantucket men. Those included <mask>'s seventeen-year-old cousin Owen Coffin with whose care and protection Pollard had been entrusted by his aunt, Nancy Bunker Coffin.To fill in the crew, others had to be recruited from Cape Cod and Boston; these were inexperienced seamen and were known as "green hands" by the Nantucketers. Four days after leaving Nantucket the ship was struck by a sudden storm and suffered a knockdown, having been rolled almost ninety degrees onto her side. Two of the ship’s whaleboats were lost and another was damaged. This mishap was caused in part by miscalculations on the part of <mask> and his officers, and in part by the inexperience of the crew. <mask> declared the damage was so extensive that they should return to Nantucket for repairs, but Chase and Joy persuaded him to go forward to the Azores and hope to replace the whaleboats there. After a difficult passage around Cape Horn, the Essex arrived in the Pacific Ocean in January 1820. On 20 November 1820, in a remote area of the ocean, some  west of the Galapagos Islands, the Essex was struck twice by a huge sperm whale, estimated to be  in length.With only three shipkeepers and the crew of Chase's whaleboat on board to repair their damaged vessel, the Essex began taking on water following the second collision with the whale. The crew abandoned the sinking vessel, taking the navigational equipment and <mask>'s and Chase's sea chests with them. Meanwhile, <mask> and Joy were hunting smaller whales near the ship, and on their return found the Essex had capsized. The crew chopped off the masts (a necessary move that would enable the ship to stay upright for a longer time) and outfitted the whaleboats with sails and masts using the Essex's spars and sails. They also hastened to retrieve what provisions they could and divided them equally so that each whaleboat had 200 pounds of hardtack, 65 gallons of freshwater, and two Galapagos tortoises. The crew was divided into three whaleboats commanded by <mask>, Chase, and Joy and set sail with provisions estimated to last them 60 days. <mask>, Chase, and Joy set up a council to decide which direction to sail in.The closest islands were the Marquesas Islands, about  west of their position but in those days the inhabitants there were believed to practice cannibalism. <mask> suggested sailing to the Society Islands, which were further away but presumed to be safer. However, on the grounds that very little was actually known about these islands, Chase and Joy disagreed, proposing instead to sail south far enough to pick up a band of variable breezes that would take them to South America. Once again, Captain <mask> reluctantly yielded to their arguments. On 20 December, near starvation, the crews of the three whaleboats reached what they believed to be Ducie Island, but was actually Henderson Island. After seven days, they exhausted the island's meager supply of food and decided that the island could not sustain them and they reluctantly set sail again. Three of the men opted to remain on the island and were eventually rescued by the trading vessel Surry.Sailing east towards South America, <mask> and Chase had seen Matthew Joy's health decline. He was transferred to <mask>'s boat and shortly thereafter died. Obed Hendricks was given command of Joy's boat, and the three boats sailed on until during a gale one night Chase's boat became separated from the other two. By 20 January 1821 a crew member, Lawson Thomas, died just as the boats of <mask> and Hendricks had come to the end of their provisions. It was at this point that to survive their ordeal the men resorted to cannibalism. As other crew members died their bodies were eaten in turn until only four men were left alive on <mask>'s boat. One of them, Charles Ramsdell proposed that lots should be drawn to determine who should be killed so that the rest might survive.<mask> at first resisted this suggestion but then gave in to the majority. The lot fell to his cousin Owen Coffin and lots were drawn again to determine who would be Coffin's executioner. Ramsdell drew the black spot and Coffin was shot and his remains eaten. After the death of Barzillai Ray some days later, <mask> and Ramsdell sailed on and were rescued on 23 February by the whaleship Dauphin and taken to Valparaíso. There they were reunited with the survivors of Chase's boat, Chase himself, Benjamin Lawrence and Thomas Nickerson, cabin boy of the Essex, who had been rescued by the British merchant ship Indian. Upon his return to Nantucket on 5 August aboard the whaleship Two Brothers, <mask> had to face Nancy Bunker Coffin, who was distraught at the idea that <mask> was alive as a consequence of her son's death. <mask> was given command of the whaleship Two Brothers that had brought him home, and this voyage also ended in disaster when the ship ran into rocks off French Frigate Shoals and sank.This ended <mask>'s whaling career. He made a single voyage in a merchant vessel and then spent the rest of his life as a night watchman on Nantucket. Herman Melville is quoted by the Nantucket Historical Association as having said of <mask>, "To the islanders he was a nobody. To me, the most impressive man, tho' wholly unassuming, even humble – that I ever encountered." In popular culture
First Mate Chase and a ghost writer wrote an account of the ordeal entitled Narrative of the Most Extraordinary and Distressing Shipwreck of the Whale-Ship Essex. This was published soon after the return of the survivors, and was an inspiration for the Herman Melville classic, Moby-Dick (1851). Much later, Cabin boy Nickerson wrote his own account of the voyage The Loss of the Ship Essex Sunk by a Whale and the Ordeal of the Crew in Open Boats.His manuscript was lost for nearly a century, but was discovered, authenticated and published in 1984. An account of the ordeal, using both Chase and Nickerson's works, was written by Nathaniel Philbrick in the 2000 non-fiction book, In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex. The source material for Moby Dick found itself an inspiration for movie adaptations in the mid-2010s as two of them were released in quick succession, and in which <mask> himself became portrayed. In 2013, the television movie The Whale was broadcast on BBC One on 22 December, wherein an elderly Thomas Nickerson recounted the events of Essex. <mask> was played by Adam Rayner. In 2015, a film, In The Heart of the Sea, directed by Academy Award Winner Ron Howard, was released on 11 December, and in which <mask> was portrayed by Benjamin Walker. A dramatized documentary titled Revenge of the Whale, was produced and broadcast on 7 September 2001 by NBC.The <mask> character was voiced by actor Jordan Gelber. References

Bibliography

 Heffernan, Thomas Farel (1981) Stove by a whale: Owen Chase and the Essex, Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press; [New York: distributed by Columbia University Press]. Heffernan, Thomas Farel (1990) Stove By A Whale: Owen Chase and the Essex. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press. .
 Nickerson, Thomas (1984) The Loss of the Ship Essex Sunk by a Whale and the Ordeal of the Crew in Open Boats. Nantucket: Nantucket Historical Association

1791 births
1882 deaths
American people in whaling
Moby-Dick
Sea captains
People from Nantucket, Massachusetts
American sailors
History articles needing infoboxes

masks:
George Pollard Jr
Pollard
George Pollard
George Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
George Pollard
Pollard
Pollard
Pollard


texts:
<mask> (born 22 September 1985) is a former professional footballer who played as a striker or winger, most notably for Queens Park Rangers, Plymouth Argyle, and Oxford United. Born in England, <mask> played for Scotland, his eligibility gained from his grandfather who was born in Kilmarnock. He began his career at Wimbledon, progressing through the club's youth system and making his first-team debut in December 2003. A squad member when the club was renamed and moved to Milton Keynes, he made few appearances before joining Conference side Exeter City. He spent time on loan with Sutton United in 2005 and returned to establish himself as a first-team regular. His performances during the 2007–08 season attracted interest from other clubs and he signed for Plymouth Argyle in the January transfer window, scoring twice on his debut in the Championship. He appeared regularly for the club over the next two years and finished as the club's top goalscorer in the 2009–10 season.He joined Queens Park Rangers in May 2010, signing a four-year contract for an undisclosed fee. In 2013, he joined Nottingham Forest before signing on loan for Reading in 2014 and then returning to QPR in 2015. In July 2018, at the age of 32, he signed a two-year contract with Oxford United of League One. He retired from professional football in 2020. Early life
Born in Dorking, Surrey, Mackie attended The Ashcombe School in Dorking. Club career

Early career
Mackie began his career at non-league Leatherhead, joining Wimbledon as a trainee in 2003, before moving to Exeter City in August 2005. Following a brief loan spell at Sutton United in his first season, Mackie went on to become an established first-team player, scoring more than 20 goals in all competitions, from nearly 100 appearances, thus alerting other clubs of his potential.Plymouth Argyle
After handing in a transfer request, <mask> signed for Plymouth Argyle, who had fought off competition from Bristol City, Norwich City, Bristol Rovers and Cheltenham Town, for an initial fee of £145,000. In his first appearance for Plymouth Argyle on 12 February 2008, coming on as a substitute against Barnsley, <mask> scored within eleven seconds of his arrival on the pitch, thus breaking the record held by Tony Witter for the fastest goal scored for Plymouth Argyle on a debut. He would go on to score a second in that game. He was featured 13 more times that season, mainly as a substitute, scoring his third goal for the club against Preston North End on 19 April 2008. <mask> established himself as a first-team player during the 2008–09 season, making 45 appearances in all competitions, with the highlight being a 25-yard strike against Reading at Home Park. Having started life with the Pilgrims primarily as an impact substitute, <mask> subsequently became a regular name in the club's starting line-up. He played 44 times during the 2009–10 season, scoring a total of eight goals, although this was not enough to keep Plymouth in the second tier of English football.Queens Park Rangers

2010–11 season
In May 2010, <mask> signed a four–year contract with Queens Park Rangers for an undisclosed fee. Signed by Neil Warnock in what would be a Championship-winning season, he was mainly employed in a right wing or midfield position in Warnock's new 4–2–3–1 formation. <mask> got off to a good start at QPR, scoring on his debut in a 4–0 win over Barnsley. By mid-September <mask> had put himself top of the Championship goalscorers list with eight goals coming in his first seven league games, scoring doubles against Ipswich Town and Leicester City. He failed to score for 13 matches until netting the first in a 4–0 win over Swansea City on Boxing Day 2010. On 8 January, during an FA Cup tie against Blackburn Rovers, <mask> sustained a double tibia and fibula break during a collision with Rovers player Gael Givet. The injury kept the player out for seven months until he returned to training in September 2011.Although on the sidelines for the second half of the season, he had still participated enough to be awarded a Championship winner's medal as the team earned promotion to the Premier League for the first time in 15 years. 2011–12 season
<mask> returned to QPR's first team with a substitute appearance in the October 2011 match at Fulham and then started his first Premier League match at home to Blackburn Rovers two weeks later. <mask> scored his first Premier League goal in a 3–2 home defeat to Sunderland. His return to the side saw him feature regularly under Neil Warnock until the manager was replaced in January 2012 by Mark Hughes. Under Hughes, <mask> continued to occupy a wide-midfield berth and featured in the victory against Wigan Athletic and the subsequent draw with Aston Villa. Replaced by Adel Taarabt (who returned from the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations) for the game against Wolves which ended in defeat, he came off the bench in the 66th minute to replace Akos Buzsaky against Blackburn Rovers at Ewood Park with the score 3–0 to the home side. He scored twice to bring the score back to 3–2 and nearly grabbed an equaliser to push for a regular place in the side.<mask> came off the bench for Joey Barton in the home game against Liverpool to inspire a comeback from 2–0 down, scoring the winner in a 3–2 victory at Loftus Road. He also scored QPR's second goal in the final match of the 2011–12 Premier League season in a 3–2 loss to Manchester City, who were crowned Champions that day. 2012–13 season
On 16 May 2012, <mask> signed a one-year contract extension, committing himself to the club until 2015. He scored his first goal of the season in a 3–1 defeat to Manchester United at Old Trafford. Nottingham Forest

On 25 July 2013, <mask> signed a three-year contract with Nottingham Forest for a reported fee of around £1 million. He scored his first Forest goal against Bolton Wanderers on 17 August 2013, Forest winning 3–0 at The City Ground. Loan to Reading
On 8 August 2014, <mask> signed for Reading on loan for the 2014–15 season.He scored his first Reading goal, in the 29th minute, on 4 November 2014 in a 3–0 home win against Rotherham United. Two second-half goals were added by Simon Cox. On 16 March 2015, he scored the third goal in a 3–0 home win against Bradford City in the FA Cup to put Reading into their first FA Cup semi-final for 88 years. Queens Park Rangers
On 16 June 2015, <mask> returned for a second spell at Queens Park Rangers, signing a two-year deal after his release by Nottingham Forest. <mask>'s return to Loftus Road was plagued with injuries, restricting him to fewer than 20 league starts in each of his three seasons. At the end of the 2017–18 season <mask>'s contract had expired and it was agreed he would leave QPR at the end of the campaign. He played his final game for QPR when he came off of the bench in a 3–1 victory over Birmingham City on 28 April 2018.Oxford United
On 18 July 2018, Oxford United of League One announced that <mask> had signed a two-year contract. He was given the number 19 shirt and made his debut in the opening match of the season, a 4–0 defeat away at Barnsley. After a few weeks on the sidelines due to a hip injury, <mask> scored his first goal in the 4th minute of a bottom-of-the-table fixture against Plymouth Argyle on 13 October, which ended in a 2–0 victory for Oxford. He announced his retirement at the end of the 2019–20 season, at the age of 34.

International career
On 24 August 2010, <mask> stated that he wanted to play internationally for Scotland. <mask> qualifies to play for Scotland as his grandfather was born in Kilmarnock. The following day, Scotland coach Craig Levein indicated he may call <mask> up for the October UEFA Euro 2012 qualifiers against the Czech Republic and Spain. On 30 September 2010, it was announced that <mask> had been called up to play for Scotland after helping QPR to a very promising start to the season.He started the match against the Czech Republic at the Synot Tip Arena, but the match ended in a 1–0 win for the Czech Republic. He scored his first international goal in a friendly match against the Faroe Islands on 16 November 2010. On 1 November 2011, <mask> was called up to the squad to face Cyprus on 11 November. Mackie started the game, and scored in the 56th minute. Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Mackie goal. Honours
Queens Park Rangers
Football League Championship: 2010–11

See also
 List of Scotland international footballers born outside Scotland

References

External links
<mask> QPR profile

1985 births
Living people
People from Dorking
English people of Scottish descent
Anglo-Scots
English footballers
Scottish footballers
Association football midfielders
Association football forwards
Leatherhead F.C. players
Wimbledon F.C.players
Milton Keynes Dons F.C. players
Exeter City F.C. players
Sutton United F.C. players
Plymouth Argyle F.C. players
Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
Oxford United F.C.players
Reading F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Premier League players
Scotland international footballers
People educated at The Ashcombe School

masks:
James Charles Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Mackie
Jamie Mackie


texts:
<mask> (born 20 January 1994) is an Italian footballer who plays as a defender for  club Gubbio. Club career

Atalanta
Born in Calcinate, Redolfi was a youth exponent of Atalanta. Loan to Como
On 11 July 2013, Redolfi was signed by Serie C side Como on a season-long loan deal. On 1 September e made his Serie C debut for Como, as a starter, in a 1–0 away defeat against Virtus Entella, he played the entire match. On 1 December he scored his first professional goal in Serie C in the 37th minute of a 2–0 home win over Venezia. On 11 May 2014 he was sent off with a double yellow card in the 112th minute of a match lost 4–3 at penalty after a 0–0 away draw against Südtirol in the quarter-finals of the Serie C playoffs. Redolfi ended his season-long loan to Como with 20 appearances and 1 goal.Loan to Pontedera
On 8 July 2014, <mask> was signed by Serie C side Pontedera on a season-long loan deal. On 10 August he made his debut for Pontedera, he was replaced by Andrea Gasbarro in the 60th minute of a 3–1 home win over Messina in the first round of Coppa Italia. On 8 September, Redolfo made his Serie C debut for Pontedera as a substitute replacing Filippo Scardina in the 82nd minute of a 2–1 home win over San Marino Calcio. On 20 September he played his first entire match for Pontedera, a 1–0 away defeat against Lucchese. Redolfi ended his loan to Pontedera with 35 appearances, including 30 as a starter, and 2 assists. Loan to Pro Vercelli
On 10 July 2015, Redolfi signed a season-long loan deal with Serie B side Pro Vercelli. On 9 August he made his debut for Pro Vercelli, as a starter, in a 2–1 home defeat against Alessandria in the second round of Coppa Italia, he played the entire match.On 6 September, Redolfi made his Serie B debut for Pro Vercelli as a substitute replacing Mattia Bani in the 82nd minute of a 2–1 home win over Virtus Lanciano. On 2 April 2016 he played his first entire match in Serie B, a 1–1 home draw against Modena. Redolfi ended his season-long loan to Pro Vercelli with only 5 appearances, 2 as a starter and 3 as a substitute. Loan to Olhanense and Cremonese
On 1 July 2016, Redolfi was signed by LigaPro side Olhanense on a season-long loan deal. On 31 July he made his debut for Olhanense in a 2–1 home defeat against Varzim in the first round of Taça da Liga, he was replaced by Carlos Freitas in the 74th minute. On 6 August, Redolfi made his LigaPro debut in a 2–1 home defeat against Académica, he played the entire match. On 7 January Redolfi, as a substitute, made an own goal in the 69th minute of a 4–0 away defeat against Penafiel.In January 2017, <mask> was re-called to Atalanta leaving Olhanense with 16 appearances. On 18 January 2017, <mask> was signed by Serie C side Cremonese on a 6-month loan deal. On 22 January he made his debut in Serie C for Cremonese, as a starter, in a 1–1 home draw against Pro Piacenza, he was replaced by Alessandro Bastrini in the 37th minute. On 5 February, Redolfi played his first complete match for Cremonese, a 3–3 home draw against Carrarese. Redolfi ended his loan to Cremonese with 7 appearances but Cremonese won the Serie C title. Loan to Juve Stabia
On 13 July 2017, Resolfi was signed by Serie C side Juve Stabia on a season-long loan deal. On 30 July he made his debut for Juve Stabia in a 3–1 home win over Bassano Virtus in the first round of Coppa Italia, he played the entire match.On 26 August, <mask> made his Serie C debut for Juve Stabia in a 3–3 away draw against Fidelis Andria, he was replaced by Zhivko Atanasov in the 75th minute. On 9 September he played his first complete match in Serie C for Juve Stabia, a 0–0 away draw against Catanzaro. On 3 October, Radolfi scored an own goal in the 45th minute and he was sent off with a double yellow card 81st minute of a 1–0 away defeat against Bisceglie. Redolfi ended his loan to Juve Stabia with 17 appearances. Reggina
On 25 July 2018, Redolfi was signed by Serie C club Reggina on an undisclosed fee and a 2-year contract. On 18 September, Redolfi made his debut for Reggina in a 3–0 away defeat against Trapani, he was replaced by Cesare Pogliano in the 88th minute. On 2 December he played his first entire match for Reggina, a 3–2 home win over Rieti.On 30 December he scored his first goal for the club in the 7th minute of a 1–1 home draw against Trapani. Redolfi ended his first season at Reggina with 13 appearances and 1 goal. Vibonese
On 10 August 2019, Redolfi joined to Serie C club Vibonese on an undisclosed fee and a 1-year contract with the option for the second year. Two weeks later, on 25 August, Redolfi made his league debut for Vibonese in a 1–0 away defeat against Monopoli, he played the entire match. On 23 February 2020 he scored his first goal for the club in the 64th minute of a 2–1 away win over Casertana. Gubbio
On 19 July 2021, he moved to Gubbio. International career
Redolfi represented Italy only at Under-18 level and he collected a total of 2 caps.On 20 October 2011, Radolfi made his debut in the Italy U-18, in an international friendly, as a substitute replacing Daniele Rugani in the 46th minute of a 3–0 home defeat against Ukraine U-18. On 9 November, Radolfi made his second appearance for Italy U-18 as a starter in a 2–1 away defeat Germany U-18, he was replaced by Federico Maccarone in the 66th minute. Career statistics

Club

Honours

Club
Cremonese
 Serie C (Group A): 2016–17

References

External links

1994 births
Living people
People from Calcinate
Sportspeople from the Province of Bergamo
Footballers from Lombardy
Italian footballers
Association football defenders
Serie B players
Serie C players
Atalanta B.C. players
Como 1907 players
U.S. Città di Pontedera players
F.C. Pro Vercelli 1892 players
U.S. Cremonese players
S.S. Juve Stabia players
Reggina 1914 players
U.S. Vibonese Calcio players
A.S. Gubbio 1910 players
Liga Portugal 2 players
S.C. Olhanense players
Italian expatriate footballers
Italian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Italy youth international footballers

masks:
Alex Redolfi
Redolfi
Redolfi
Redolfi
Redolfi


texts:
<mask> is an American scholar, cultural critic, novelist, and poet whose works include historical novels and scholarly studies on Chicana/o art, culture and sexuality. Biography
<mask> was born on July 29, 1958 in El Paso, Texas near its border with Ciudad Juárez. She received a bachelor's in 1980 and a master's in 1983 in English from the University of Texas at El Paso, and a Ph.D. in American Studies in 1994 from the University of New Mexico. To her students she is known as La Profe or Gaspar and currently teaches classes on border consciousness, bilingual creative writing, Chicana Lesbian literature, barrio popular culture, and graduate courses on Chicana theory. In 1994, she was one of six founding faculty members of the then César Chávez Center for Interdisciplinary Instruction in Chicana and Chicano Studies at University of California, Los Angeles. <mask> served as chair of that department from 2007-2010 and worked to approve and implement the second Ph.D. program in Chicana/o Studies at UCLA. Since 2013, <mask> has been chairing the LGBTQ Studies Department at UCLA, where she is also working on a proposal for the first Ph.D. program in LGBTQ Studies in the nation.<mask> <mask> has published extensively, and her novels, stories, and poetry have won several literary awards. Her doctoral dissertation "Mi Casa Es Su Casa: The Cultural Politics of Chicano Art" won the 1994 Ralph Henry Gabriel American Studies Association Award. Her work has been published in several languages and focuses primarily on gender and sexuality. Her 2005 novel Desert Blood: The Juárez Murders won the Lambda Literary Award for Best Lesbian Mystery Novel and the Latino Book Award for Best Mystery Novel. This novel is based on the female homicides in Ciudad Juárez, around which <mask> <mask> researched and organized a conference. The mystery is based on the unresolved murders of over five-hundred Mexican women and girls along the border in El Paso, Texas, the region where <mask> <mask> is originally from. In the book, a Mexican Maquiladora worker is found dead with her disembodied baby.Another character in the novel, Ivon, a lesbian professor in Los Angeles who was supposed to adopt the baby, becomes outraged at the growing violence against women at the border. She also becomes suspicious of the border patrol's role in the violence and of the similarities between the growing number of cases. The novel points out the injustices of the treatment of Mexican Immigrants/Mexican-Americans, the corruption of the government institutions on both sides of the border, femicide, and more. Awards
AAHE Book Award for [Un]Framing the "Bad Woman" (2015)
International Latino Book Award for Spanish Translation of Desert Blood, Sangre en el desierto (trans. Rosario Sanmiguel) (2009)
Gold Shield Faculty Prize for Academic Excellence (UCLA) 2008
Lambda Literary Award for Best Lesbian Mystery for Desert Blood (2005)
International Latino Book Award for Best English-Language Mystery for Desert Blood (2005)
Latino Literary Hall of Fame for Best Historical Fiction for Sor Juana's Second Dream (2000)
Border-Ford/Pellicer-Frost Award for Poetry (1998)
Shirley Collier Prize for Literature (UCLA) (1998)
Premio Aztlán Literary Prize for The Mystery of Survival and Other Stories (1994)
Massachusetts Artists' Foundation Fellowship Award in Poetry (1989)

Works
 [Un]framing the "Bad Woman": Sor Juana, Malinche, Coyolxauhqui, and Other Rebels with a Cause. Austin, TX: U of Texas Press, 2014. Our Lady of Controversy: Alma Lopez's "Irreverent Apparition" (co-edited with Alma Lopez) (University of Texas Press 2011)
Making a Killing: Femicide, Free Trade, and La Frontera (editor) (University of Texas Press 2010)
Calligraphy of the Witch (Saint Martin's Press 2007)
Desert Blood: The Juarez Murders (Arte Publico Press 2005)
La Llorona on the Longfellow Bridge: Poetry y Otras Movidas (Arte Publico Press 2003)
Velvet Barrios: Popular Culture and Chicana/o Sexualities (editor) (Palgrave/Macmillan 2003)
Sor Juana's Second Dream (University of New Mexico Press 1999)
Chicano Art Inside/Outside the Master's House (University of Texas Press1998)
"La Frontera," "Domingo Means Scrubbing," and "Beggar on the Cordoba Bridge. "Floricanto Si! : A Collection of Latina Poetry. Eds. Bryce Milligan, Mary Guerrero Milligan, and Angela De Hoyos. New York: Penguin Books, 1998. 135-138. "The Politics of Location of the Tenth Muse of America: An Interview with Sor Juana Ines <mask> Cruz."In Living Chicana Theory. Ed. Carla Trujillo. Berkeley, California: Third Women Press, c 1998. 136-166. "After 21 Years, a Postcard?" and "Bamba Basilica."In The floating Borderlands; Twenty-five Years of U.S. Hispanic Literature. Ed. Lauro Flores. Seattle: University of Washington Press, c1998. 235-237. "Born in East L.A. : An Exercise in Cultural Schizophrenia." The Latino/a Condition: A Critical Reader.Eds. Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic. New York: New York University Press, c1998. 226-230. "The Alter-Native Grain: Theorizing Chicano/a Popular Culture." Cultures and Differences: Critical Perspectives on the Bicultural Experience in the United States. Ed.Antonia <mask>. Westport, Conn. : Bergin and Garvey, 1995. 103-123. "Malinche's Rights." Currents from the Dancing River: Contemporary Latino Fiction, Nonfiction, and Poetry. Ed. Ray Gonzalez.New York: Harcourt Brace, c1994. 261-267. "Malinchista, A Myth Revised," "Literary Wetback," and "Making Tortillas." Infinite Divisions: An Anthology of Chicana Literature. Tey Diana Rebolledo and Eliana S. Rivero. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, c1993. "Facing the Mariachis."Latina Women's Voices from the Borderlands. Ed.Lillian Castillo-Speed. New York: Simon and Schuster, c1995. 37-49. The Mystery of Survival and Other Stories (Bilingual Press 1993)
"The Last Rite." Mirrors Beneath the Earth: Short Fiction by Chicano Writers. Ed.Ray Gonzalez. Willimantic, CT: Curbstone Press; East Haven, CT: Distributed by InBook, 1992. 312-321. "Beggar on the Cordoba Bridge," collection of poems in Three Times A Woman: Chicana Poetry (Bilingual Press, 1989)

Critical studies
Allatson, Paul. Book review of Sor Juana’s Second Dream. In Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 26.2 (Fall 2001): pp. 231–37.Allatson, Paul. “A Shadowy Sequence: Chicana Textual/Sexual Reinventions of Sor Juana.” Chasqui: Revista de Literatura Latinoamericana 33.1 (May 2004): pp. 3–27. Chávez-Silverman, Susana. “<mask> <mask>.” The Oxford Encyclopedia of Latinos and Latinas in the United States. Eds. Suzanne Oboler and Deena J. González.New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Vol. 2: pp. 185–86. Marchino, Lois A. The Oxford Companion to Women's Writing in the United States, edited by Cathy N. Davidson and Linda Wagner-Martin. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.Vivancos Perez, Ricardo F. Los discursos sobre sexualidad en la obra de <mask> <mask>. Dissertation: Thesis (M.A. ) --Texas A & M University, 2002. Vivancos Perez, Ricardo F. Radical Chicana Poetics. London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. References

Further reading

External links
Biography from the Cesar Chavez Department at UCLA
Gaspar <mask>'s website
Desert Blood site
Gaspar <mask>'s blog

Lambda Literary Award winners
LGBT Hispanic and Latino American people
Living people
American academics of Mexican descent
American writers of Mexican descent
University of Texas at El Paso alumni
University of New Mexico alumni
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
American women poets
American LGBT poets
1958 births
Lesbian academics
American lesbian writers
21st-century LGBT people
21st-century American women

masks:
Alicia Gaspar de Alba
Gaspar de Alba
Gaspar de Alba
Gaspar de Alba
Gaspar
de Alba
Gaspar
de Alba
Gaspar
de Alba
de la
Darder
Alicia Gaspar
de Alba
Alicia Gaspar
de Alba
de Alba
de Alba


texts:
<mask>Sue<mask> (February 20, 1893 – September 3, 1978) was an American journalist, educator, author, and conservationist. Her friendship with author Margaret Mitchell led to <mask>'s role as a technical advisor and dialect coach during the production of Gone with the Wind (1939), ensuring the film accurately portrayed the accents, customs, and manners of the South. Due to this expertise she has been called the "Emily Post of the South". <mask> also was a columnist, reporter, and associate editor for Macon-based newspaper The Telegraph, working at the paper for fifty years. Early life and education
<mask> was born to <mask> and <mask> (née Whitehurst) on February 20, 1893, on the 1,000-acre Dovedale Plantation in Baldwin County, Georgia, the fifth out of eight siblings. She studied education at Georgia Normal and Industrial College from 1910 to 1911, and taught physical education there following her graduating. <mask> also taught at the Student Normal School of Physical Education in Battle Creek, Michigan from 1913 to 1914, where she also studied at the American Medical Missionary College.In 1916 she moved to Hastings, Nebraska, where she was the public school's physical education supervisor. The next year <mask> attended a physical education program at Harvard University during the summer before moving back to Georgia. Career

Physical education
<mask> worked for the Georgia Department of Education from 1918 through 1922, after which she served as director of physical education at Lanier High School for Girls from 1923 to 1928. The Telegraph
While working at Lanier High School, <mask> started writing an advice column geared towards young girls and women called "Life in a Tangle" for Macon's Telegraph. The articles were published under the pseudonym "Fannie Squeers" and quickly became popular, leading <mask> to quit teaching and begin working for the Telegraph full-time in 1928. She continued her work as a columnist, wrote recipes, features, and obituaries. <mask> joined the Georgia Press Association through which she became acquainted with a variety of journalists and reporters, including Sherwood Anderson and, notably, fellow Georgia native Margaret Mitchell.<mask> and Mitchell soon became close friends, often visiting each other in Macon and Atlanta, respectively, "sit[ting] up all night talking". Additionally, <mask> became a member of the Macon Writers' Club. She briefly also wrote for Telegraph-owned The News in 1940, and was editor of the Telegraphs Sunday-edition Georgia Magazine. After the outbreak of World War II, <mask> began working as the Telegraphs war editor; after the war she served as farm editor starting in 1946, producing a page each Sunday, and she was made associate editor in 1948. She was given an award by the Women's National Press Club in 1950. Despite retiring as associate editor in January 1967, <mask> continued to publish two editorial columns a week for over a decade – her last column for the Telegraph was published on August 17, 1978, less than a month before her death. Gone with the Wind

When production first started on the 1939 film adaptation of Margaret Mitchell's novel Gone with the Wind (1936), Mitchell recommended to producer David O. Selznick that <mask> should be a consultant on the film.<mask> spent six weeks in Los Angeles coaching the actors on how to speak with a Southern accent (Selznick International wrote in a letter that she was "one of the best authorities on this matter, who will come to the studio from Atlanta just for this particular job"), and her voice was recorded and pressed onto records for the actors to use as reference. <mask> would later explain that she "went out there [to Hollywood] fully prepared to argue and to quote authority to them that the Southern people do not talk like Negroes, but the Negroes like Southerners". She also continued to act as a technical consultant during filming, providing insight on how to make the film's production design as authentic as possible. <mask> also re-watched each recorded scene to check for mistakes. <mask> was against the decision to cast Hattie McDaniel as the character Mammy, as she thought McDaniel didn't have the "dignity, age, [or] nobility" for the role. McDaniel went on to win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance, becoming the first African American to win an Oscar. Overall <mask> worked on the production for seven months, earning $125/week from January to July 1939.Following the film's release, <mask> gained prominence discussing her work across the country, earning her the title "the Emily Post of the South". Her first freelance article, "Pardon My Un-Southern Accent: Why Gone with the Wind Won't Jar Southerners", appeared in the December 16, 1939, issue of Collier's, and she wrote an additional article for Southern Living in October 1967 about the experience. When NBC first premiered Gone with the Wind on broadcast television on November 7, 1976, <mask> was a main presenter of an hour-long introductory program broadcast on WSB-TV. Years after her death, <mask>'s coverage of the film's production—a total of 58 columns that she wrote for the Telegraph while in California—was compiled into a 1982 book titled White Columns in Hollywood: Reports from the Gone with the Wind Sets, edited by Richard Barksdale Harwell. Conservationism and agriculture
<mask> had a passion for agriculture and farming throughout her life. Her work as farm editor for the Telegraph brought her statewide praise and even national recognition. Myrick often promoted the use of blue lupine as a winter forage crop that would prevent erosion, building soil and holding water, and in 1949 a conservationist group in Dooly County named Myrick the "Bloomin' Lupine Queen".In 1950 she wrote a children's book titled Our Daily Bread about environmental conservationism that was used as an official textbook in Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. In 1956, the Progressive Farmer bestowed upon her their Woman of the Year in Service to Agriculture award, and the National Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts recognized her work with a special citation in 1963. Additionally, <mask> was a member of the Macon Chamber of Commerce's livestock and farming committees. Personal life and legacy
<mask> was close friends with fellow journalist and author Margaret Mitchell, and remained friends with Mitchell's widower John Marsh following her sudden death; Marsh would die three years later in 1952. During World War II, she helped organize Red Cross events and salvage campaigns, and she served on the Bibb County War Price and Rations Board. <mask> was a charter member of the Macon Little Theater in 1934, and was the theater's president from 1947 to 1948. She also appeared in over twenty-five stage productions.<mask> also watercolor painted as a hobby. <mask> died on September 3, 1978, and was buried at Memory Hill Cemetery in Milledgeville. She never married and had no children. She was added to the Georgia Press Association's Georgia Newspaper Hall of Fame in 1984. In 2008, <mask> was inducted into the Georgia Women of Achievement Hall of Fame. Bibliography

 <mask>, "All My Friends Have Gone with the Wind", Southern Living, October 1967, 33. References

Further reading

External links
Stuart A.Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University: <mask> papers, 1913-1978
 <mask> papers (1916–2010) from the Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library at the University of Georgia Libraries

1893 births
1978 deaths
People from Baldwin County, Georgia
American women journalists
20th-century American women writers

masks:
Susan "
" Dowdell Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
James Dowdell Myrick
Tia Katherine Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Myrick
Susan Myrick
Susan Myrick
Susan Myrick


texts:
<mask> (born October 28, 1984) is a Cuban-German professional boxer. He held the unified IBF and Ring magazine cruiserweight titles between 2011 and 2015, as well as the WBA interim cruiserweight title in 2011. He is the half-brother of Yoel Romero, a freestyle wrestler and mixed martial artist. Amateur career
<mask> started boxing with the Cuban national team at a very young age. He got silver at the Cadet World Championships (under 17) 2001 at 201 lbs/91 kg. He won the heavyweight Junior World Championships in 2002 in Santiago de Cuba but lost twice to countryman Odlanier Solís and was forced to go down in weight. At light heavyweight (178 lbs) in 2003 <mask> won the silver medal at the Pan American Games in Santo Domingo where he lost to Ramiro Reducindo.He participated in the 2004 Summer Olympics for his native country. There he was defeated in the second round of the light heavyweight (81 kg) division by Russia's Evgeny Makarenko, a double world champion in the event. Although he was considered one of the top prospects in Cuban boxing, he defected to Germany, and is now based in Berlin, Germany. Amateur highlights
2001 Cuban junior champion at heavyweight
World Junior championships as a heavyweight, in competition in Baku, Azerbaijan. Results were:
Defeated Dato Dundva (Georgia) points
Defeated Rufat Hairbekov (Azerbaijan) points
Lost to Siergej Ivanov (Russia) points
World Junior championships 2002 (heavyweight) in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Results were:
Defeated Justin White (Canada) RTD 1
Defeated Vitaly Mikhyeyenko (Ukraine) 31–11. Defeated Stefan Koeber (Germany) RSC 3
Defeated Parfait Amougou (Cameroon) RSC 3.(Captured gold medal)
Pan American games 2003 (light heavyweight) in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Defeated Argenis Casimiro Núñez (Dominican Republic) RSC 4
Lost to Ramiro Reducindo (Mexico (20–37) (won silver medal)
Represented Cuba as a light heavyweight at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. His results were:
1st round bye:
Lost to Evgeny Makarenko (Russia) 18–30
2003 knocked out by Odlanier Solís in 3rd round at Cuban amateur heavyweight championship competition. 2003 competed as a light heavyweight at 2003 Pan-American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Results were:
Defeated Eduardo Beltran (Ecuador) RSC 1
Defeated Argenis Casimiro Núñez (Dominican Republic) RSC 4
Lost to Ramiro Reducindo (Mexico) 20–37
2004 3rd place at Cuban national light heavyweight competition, losing on points to Vladimir Linares Mesquia RSC 4
2005 Cuban national champion (light heavyweight)

Professional career

Cruiserweight
<mask> was a fast and hard-punching boxer who competed entirely at cruiserweight. <mask> knocked out Daniel Bispo in the first round to win the vacant WBA Fedelatin Cruiserweight Championship. On December 29, 2007, he knocked out world title challenger Mohamed Azzaoui to retain his WBA Fedelatin title and win the vacant WBC Latino title but suffered his first defeat on March 29, 2008 when he lost via 3rd-round TKO to ex-champ Wayne Braithwaite of Guyana after controlling the match for the first two rounds and even knocking Braithwaite down in the 1st round. <mask> got too cocky in the 3rd and decided to shoot it out with him resulting in Braithwaite knocking <mask> down 3 times.He later won a wide decision over prospect Aaron Williams. On September 19, 2009 <mask> defeated Enad Licina by a wide UD for the IBF Inter-Continental Cruiserweight title, becoming the first Cuban to hold a version of the IBF title since it was created. On March 13, 2010 <mask> made his first defense of the IBF Inter-Continental title by beating Cesar David Crenz by unanimous decision. On February 12, 2011 <mask> won the Interim WBA Cruiserweight title by knocking out Steve Herelius. With this latest win he extended his undefeated streak to 10 fights since the defeat to Braithwaite and improved his overall record to 24-1 (13 knockouts). <mask> vs. Cunningham I & II
On 1 October 2011, <mask> defeated The Ring No. 1 Cruiserweight, Steve Cunningham, by sixth round technical decision for the IBF Cruiserweight Championship.The fight was stopped due to <mask> being cut by an illegal headbutt, though the fight was not without controversy. <mask> knocked Cunningham down with a counter left hook in the first round and seemed to be badly hurt, but referee Mickey Vann decided to let the fight continue after what seemed like a controversial slow count. Cunningham made a comeback during the second and third rounds, hitting <mask> with body shots in the second and becoming more aggressive during the third. However the latter round was also marred with controversy as <mask> was hit with an accidental headbutt that caused a cut and that many felt was intentional, with referee Vann not stopping the fight or even giving a warning to Cunningham. During the fourth round both fighters seems about equal, with Cunningham controlling the pace with his jab and <mask> successfully landing a combo. During the fifth round, <mask> accidentally hit Cunningham behind the head when referee Vann attempted to break up a clinch. During the sixth and final round the corner of <mask> as well as the ringside physician inspected the cut caused by Cunningham's headbutt.Afterwards <mask> seemed ready to resume with the round when the referee stopped the fight due to the physician deeming <mask> unfit to continue. The score cards were 57–56 for Cunningham and 58–55 and 59–54 for <mask>. <mask> and Cunningham had a rematch on 4 February 2012. The winner of this fight was to be crowned the new The Ring Cruiserweight Champion. <mask> won via unanimous decision. Professional boxing record

Outside of boxing
<mask> played the part of Joe Louis in the 2010 German film Max Schmeling. References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Light-heavyweight boxers
Cruiserweight boxers
International Boxing Federation champions
Cuban emigrants to Germany
Naturalized citizens of Germany
Boxers at the 2003 Pan American Games
Boxers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic boxers of Cuba
Cuban male boxers
Pan American Games silver medalists for Cuba
The Ring (magazine) champions
World cruiserweight boxing champions
Heavyweight boxers
Pan American Games medalists in boxing
Medalists at the 2003 Pan American Games

masks:
Yoan Pablo Hernández Suárez
Yoan Pablo Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández


texts:
<mask> (7 June 189816 March 1984) was a United States Army general who served in World War I and World War II. Between the wars he was involved in the construction of the Conchas Dam and the John Martin Reservoir. During World War II he was the Chief of Engineering in the Office of Chief of Engineers and the Assistant Chief of Staff (G-4) of Communications Zone in the European Theater of Operations, United States Army (ETOUSA), the staff officer responsible for logistics planning. After the war he became a partner in Tippetts-Abbett-McCarthy-Stratton, a consulting engineering firm in New York, and directed the construction of the Tarbela Dam in Pakistan, the world's largest embankment dam, and the design of the Eisenhower Tunnel, the highest tunnel in the United States. Early life
<mask> was born in Stonington, Connecticut, on 7 June 1898, the son of <mask> and his wife Emma  Symington, a pair of immigrants from Northern Ireland. When he was a boy, the family moved to Paterson, New Jersey, where he attended public schools. After graduating from high school he worked in New York City by day and attended evening classes at Columbia University.His education was interrupted when the United States declared war on Germany in April 1917, and he enlisted in the New Jersey National Guard. He was accidentally shot in the chest by one of his fellow soldiers, which he would later claim was the closest he came to a shot fired in anger in his whole career. He sat the competitive examination to the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, which he entered on 14 June 1918. Between the wars
On 14 June 1920, <mask> graduated, ranked 51st in the West Point class of 1920 (the course having been shortened to two years on account of the war), and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the field artillery on 2 July. He never joined a field artillery unit, for during the summer break after graduation he managed to transfer to the  Corps of Engineers, in which he was commissioned as a first lieutenant on 11 September 1920. He attended the Engineer Officer Basic Course at the United States Army Engineer School at Camp A. A. Humphreys in Virginia from 15 September 1920 to 27 January 1921, and was then assigned to the 5th Engineers at Camp Meade, Maryland.On 15 June 1921, he entered the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity, and from which he graduated with a Bachelor of Civil Engineering degree on 16 June 1922. <mask> was posted to Camp Devens, Massachusetts, for duty with the Citizens' Military Training Camp, and then to 13th Engineers at Fort Humphreys, where he was reduced in rank to second lieutenant on 15 December 1922. On 6 December 1924 he went to Panama Canal Zone as assistant to the Supply Officer for the Military Survey of Panama, and then supply officer of the 11th Engineers. He was promoted to first lieutenant again on 4 April 1925. He returned to the United States in December 1927, and became an instructor with the 104th Engineers, a unit of the New Jersey National Guard. In November 1931, <mask> joined the 8th Engineer Squadron at Fort McIntosh, Texas. There, he met and married Julia Selby Bryant in 1932.They had a son, William R<mask>, and two daughters, Terry and Julia. He also had a daughter, Patricia, from his first marriage to Janice (Brotzmann) Bergen. In 1933, he moved to St. Paul, Minnesota, as assistant district engineer, where he worked on flood control projects on the Mississippi River, and then to Tucumcari, New Mexico, where he worked on the Conchas Dam. He was promoted to captain on 1 August 1935. Further duty followed as assistant to the district engineers in Boston, Massachusetts, and Denison, Texas, before returning to the Conchas Dam as district engineer on 4 November 1939. He then became the district engineer in Caddoa, Colorado, where he was in charge of the John Martin Reservoir project. World War II
<mask> was promoted to major in the Corps of Engineers  on 1 July 1940 and lieutenant colonel in the Army of the United States on 11 December 1941.On 11 December 1941—four days after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor that brought the United States into World War II—he became the Chief of Engineering in the Office of Chief of Engineers, based in the Railroad Retirement Board Building in Washington, D.C. This was the largest of the branches of the Construction Division, which had recently been transferred to the Corps of Engineers from the Quartermaster Corps, with about 1,400 personnel. <mask> started with decentralizing the office. He told his section chiefs that "we have a job for everyone in this branch, either here or in the field. ...I know many of the Quartermaster people particularly are worried. No one will be out in the street." Over the following months the staff was reduced to about 500, largely through transfers to the district offices.An important part of his job was managing wartime shortages of critical materials. <mask> ordered a sweeping review of structural plans, and huge quantities of scarce materials were saved as a result. One of his civilian assistants described <mask> as "an Engineer who was an engineer". He was promoted to colonel on 4 July 1942. For his services as Chief of Engineering, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. On 15 September 1943, <mask> became the Assistant Chief of Staff, G-4, of the United States Army Services of Supply (SOS) in the European Theater of Operations, United States Army (ETOUSA), with the rank of brigadier general from 28 May 1944. SOS headquarters was subsequently merged with that of ETOUSA, and officially became the Communications Zone (COMZ) on 7 June 1944.The G-4 was the staff member responsible for logistics, and since that was the role of SOS/COMZ, his was the most important one on the staff. It was considered an unusual appointment, as <mask> had no formal staff training, having not attended the Command and General Staff College or the Army War College, had no experience in logistical support of armies in the field, and had not been involved in the development of the Operation Overlord plan for the Allied invasion of Normandy and the subsequent operations in Northwest Europe. Nonetheless, he remained in this role for the rest of the war. For his services, he was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal. <mask> returned to United States in March 1945, and became the Assistant Chief of Engineers of Civil Works. The civil works program had languished during the war, but a revitalised program provided large numbers of jobs in the immediate post-war years. He reverted to his substantive rank of lieutenant colonel on 31 January 1946.On 1 May 1946, he was appointed the Chief of the Special Engineering Division in the Panama Canal Zone, reporting to the Governor of the Panama Canal Zone on the future development of the Panama Canal. He was promoted to colonel again on 11 March 1948. His final assignment, on 1 June 1948, was as Boston District Engineer. He retired from the army with the rank of colonel on 31 July 1949, but was subsequently promoted to his wartime rank of brigadier general on the retired list on 1 August 1949. Later life
After retiring from the Army, <mask> joined the Knappen-Tippetts-Abbett Engineering Company, a consulting engineering firm in New York that had been founded by Theodore Knappen, a fellow member of the West Point Class of 1920. He became a partner in the firm in 1951, and it was renamed Tippetts-Abbett-McCarthy-Stratton. He was involved in several major water resources projects in Iraq, Turkey, Greece and Latin America.He also directed the engineering of the Tarbela dam in Pakistan, the world's largest embankment dam, and the design of the Eisenhower Tunnel through the Rocky Mountains  in Colorado, which was the highest vehicle tunnel in the world when it was opened. He retired in January 1967, and moved to Washington, DC. <mask>'s publications included a 1945 article on military airfields that received the American Society of Civil Engineers' Arthur M. Wellington Prize, and he contributed  chapters to the Handbook of Applied Hydraulics (1952) and American Civil Engineering Practice (1956). He was elected an honorary member of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1979, and a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1981. He was a member of the board of education in Englewood, New Jersey, for seven years, and a member of the Special Curricula Committee that advised the dean of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Department of Civil and Sanitary Engineering on the structure and content of undergraduate courses. He also served on MIT's board of visitors, which met once a year to advise the department. <mask> died from congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, DC, on 16 March 1984, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.Dates of rank

Notes

References

External links
Generals of World War II

1898 births
1984 deaths
20th-century American engineers
American military engineers
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Military personnel from Connecticut
People from Stonington, Connecticut
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
United States Army generals of World War II
United States Army generals
United States Army personnel of World War I
United States Military Academy alumni

masks:
James Hobson Stratton
James Hobson Stratton
William Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
. Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton
Stratton