texts:
<mask> (; born 1967) is an Iranian Iranologist and historian. He currently works as the Maseeh Chair in Persian Studies and Culture and the director of the Dr. Samuel M. Jordan Center for Persian Studies at the University of California, Irvine. <mask> completed his elementary and secondary schooling in Tehran, Iran and Athens, Greece. He then completed a Ph.D. in History at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1999. He has taught at UCLA, and has been a Senior Research Fellow at Oxford University and Resident Fellow at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes. He specializes in the history and culture of Ancient Persia. He is the editor of the Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, DABIR: Digital Ar, as well as the director of Sasanika Project, a project on the history and culture of Sasanians.His most famous publications include Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire and Sasanian Iran (224-651 CE): Portrait of a Late Antique Empire. He has also edited a book on Iranian history from the prehistoric era to modern history. Publications
Daryaee is the author of a number of historical publications. His book, Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire, in 2010 received multiple awards by  BRISMES and the British-Kuwait Friendship Society Prize in Middle Eastern Studies. Selected Books
 The Parthian and Early Sasanian Empires: adaptation and expansion, eds. Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, Michael Alram, <mask> <mask> (Editor), Oxbow Press, Oxford, 2016. From Oxus to Euphrates: The World of Late Antique Iran, Ancient Iran Series, UCI Center for Persian Studies, 2016.Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persian in Longue Dureé, eds. T<mask>, A. Mousavi, Kh. Rezakhani, Mazda Publishers, 2014. Cyrus the Great: An Ancient Iranian King, ed. T<mask>, Afshar Publishers, 2014. On the Explanation of Chess and Backgammon: A Middle Persian Text, UCI Center for Persian Studies, 2016. Iranian Kingship, The Arab Conquest and Zoroastrian Apocalypse, Mumbai, 2012 (Governor Fellowship Lectures given in the K.R.Cama Oriental Institute)
 The Oxford History of Iran ed. T<mask>, Oxford University Press (forthcoming 2012). Bibliographika Sasanika: Bibliographical Guide to the Sasanian Empire, vol. I Years 1990-1999, in collaboration with E. Venetis, M. Alinia, Mazda Publishers, 2009. Scholars & Humanists: Iranian Studies in Henning and Taqizadeh Correspondences 1937-1966, in collaboration with I. Afshar and P. Ranjbar, Mazda Publishers, 2009. Iranistik: Deutschsprachige Zeitschrift fur iranistische Studien. Festschrift fur Erich Kettenhofen eds.T. Daryaee & O. Tabibzadeh, 5. Jahrgang, Heft 1&2, 2006-2007(2009)(Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung). Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire, I.B. Tauris, London, 2009. Sasanian Iran (224-651 AD): Portrait of a Late Antique Empire, Mazda Publishers, 2008. World History: A Concise Thematic Analysis, 2 vols., Harlan Davidson, 2007. Soghoot-e Sasanian (The Fall of Sasanians) Iran's Historical Press, Tehran, 2005.Meno-ye Xrad: The Spirit of Wisdom. Essays in Memory of Ahmad Tafazzoli, eds. T<mask> and M. Omidsalar, Mazda Publishers, 2004. Shahrestaniha-i Eranshahr: A Middle Persian Text on Late Antique Geography, Epic and History, Costa Mesa, 2002. Selected Articles (European Languages)
 “Western and Central Eurasia 1200BCE - 900CE,” The Cambridge World History: A World with States, Empires, and Networks, 1200 BCE-900 CE, ed. C. Benjamin, Vol. IV, Cambridge, 2015, pp.272-295. “Alexander and the Arsacids in the Manuscript MU29,” DABIR, vol. 1(1), 2015: http://www.dabirjournal.org/
 “Zoroastrianism under Islamic Rule,” The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Zoroastrianism, ed. M. Stausberg & Y. S.-D. Vevaina, 2015, pp. 103-118. T. Daryaee & M.C.A. Macdonald, A. Corcella, G. Fisher, M. Gibbs, A. Lewin, D. Violante, C. Whately, “Arabs and Empires before the Sixth Century,” Arabs and Empires before Islam, ed.G. Fisher, Oxford, 2015, pp. 11-89. T. Daryaee & H. Munt, O. Edaibat, R. Hoyland, I. Toral-Neihoff, “Arabic and Persian Sources for Pre-Islamic Arabia,” Arabs and Empires before Islam, ed. G. Fisher, Oxford, 2015, pp. 434-500. T. Daryaee & S. Malekzadeh, “Why was Kerdir Forgotten?,” Iran Nameh: Festschirft for Ehsan Yarshater, vol. 30, no.2, 2015, pp. 280-287. T. Daryaee & S. Malekzadeh, “The Performance of Pain and Remembrance in Late Antique Iran,” The Silk Road, Vol. 12, 2014, pp. 57-64. “The Last Ruling Woman of Eranshahr: Queen Azarmigdux,” International Journal of the Society of Iranian Archaeologists, Vol. 1, No.1, Winter-Spring 2014, pp. 77-81. “The Achaemenid Empire in the Context of World History (550-330 BCE),” with Kh. Rezakhani in Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Dureé, eds. T. <mask>, A. Mousavi, Kh. Rezakhani, Mazda Publishers, 2014. “Historiography in late antique Iran,” in Perceptions of Iran: History, Myths and Nationalism from Medieval Persia to the Islamic Republic, ed.Ali Ansari, IB Taruis, London, 2014, pp. 65-76. “On the epithets of two Sasanian kings in the Mujmal al-tawarikh wa-l-qisas,” in Ferdowsi, the Mongols and the History of Iran, Studies in Honour of Charles Melville, eds. R. Hillenbrand et. al., I.B. Tauris, 2013, pp. 11-14.“Marriage, Property and Conversion among the Zoroastrians: From Late Sasanian to Islamic Iran,” Journal of Persianate Studies, vol. 6, 2013, pp. 91-100. “The Sasanian Empire (224-651 CE),” Oxford Handbook of Iranian History, Oxford, 2012, pp. 187-207. “A Bulla of Eran-Spahbed of Nemroz,” with K. Safdari, NAMVARNAMEH: Papers in Honour of Massoud Azarnoush, eds. H. Fahimi & K. Alizadeh, Tehran, 2012, pp.163-166. “The Sasanian Empire,” co-authored with A. Mousavi (Los Angeles County Museum of Art), A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, ed. D. Potts, Blackwell, Oxford (contract signed 2010). (UK)
 “The Achaemenid Empire in the Context of World History (550-330 BCE),” co-authored with Kh. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: The Persian Longue Durée, ed. A. Mousavi, Mazda Publishers, 2009 (forthcoming 2010). (US)
 “Bazaars, Merchants and Trade in Late Antique Iran,” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, vol.28, no. 1 (Duke University Press, forthcoming 2009). (US)
 “The last Ruling Woman of ?r?nšahr: Queen ?zarm?gduxt,” A. Shapur Shahbazi Memorial Volume, ed. K. Abdi, Iran University Press, Tehran (forthcoming 2009). (Iran)
 “Ancient Iranian Studies in the 20th Century,” Iranian Studies, vol. 42, no. 1 (forthcoming 2009).(US)
 “The Idea of Iranšahr: Jewish, Christian and Manichaean Views in Late Antiquity,” Societas Iranologica Europaea – Proceedings, ed. C. Cereti & B. Teribili, Rome (forthcoming 2009). (Italy)
 “When the End is Near: Barbarized Armies and Barracks Kings of Late Antique Iran,” Iranica, ed. M. Macuch, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden (forthcoming 2009). (Germany)
 "Shapur II," Encyclopaedia Iranica http://www.iranica.com/newsite/ 2009
 "Abarqubadh," The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, Part 2009-1. “A Bulla of the ?r?n-Sp?hbed of N?mr?z,” co-author with K. Safdari, e-Sasanika 8, 2009 (UCI): http://www.humanities.uci.edu/sasanika/pdf/e-sasanika8-dar-saf.pdf
 "Some Observations on Middle Persian Zandig," Feschrfit for Dr. Badr ol-Zaman Gharib, ed. Z. Zarshenas & V. Naddaf, Tahuri Publishers, Tehran, 2008, pp.19-32. "Yazdgerd III's Last Year: Coinage and History of Sistan at the End of Late Antiquity," Iranistik: Deutschsprachige Zeitschrift fur iranistische Studien. Festschrift fur Erich Kettenhofen eds. T. Daryaee & O. Tabibzadeh, 5. Jahrgang, Heft 1&2, 2006-2007(2009), pp. 21-30. “The Persian Gulf in Late Antiquity: The

masks:
Touraj Daryaee
Career Daryaee
Touraj
Daryaee
. Daryaee
. Daryaee
. Daryaee
. Daryaee
Daryaee


type: original

texts:
 Sasanian Era (200-700 C.E.),” The Persian Gulf in History, ed. L.G. Potter, Palgrave, New York, 2009. “Kingship in Early Sasanian Iran,” The Sasanian Era: The Idea of Iran, vol. III, eds. V. Sarkhosh Curtis and S. Stewart, London, 2008, pp. 60-70.“Indo-European Elements in the Zoroastrian Apocalyptic Tradition,” Classical Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 2, 2007, pp. 203-213. “The Mysteries of the House of Sasan: When did Ardaxš?r Rule over Istakhr?,” Bastanpazhouhi, vol. 2, no. 4, 2007, pp.15-20. “List of Fruits and Nuts in the Zoroastrian Tradition: An Irano-Hellenic Classification,” Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, vols. 11/12, 2006-2007, pp. 1-10. "Imitatio Alexandri and Its Impact on Late Arsacid, Early Sasanian and Middle Persian Literature," Electrum, Studies in Ancient History, vol. 12, 2007, pp. 89-94."The Middle Persian Text Sur i Saxwan and the Late Sasanian Court," Des Indo-Grecs aux Sassanides: Donnees pour l'historie et la geographie historique , Res Orientales XVII, 2007, pp. 65-72. "The Construction of the Past in Late Antique Persia," Historia, Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, vol. 55, no. 4, 2006, pp. 493-503. "The Art of Wine in Ancient Persia," Hamazor, Publication of the world Zoroastrian organization, vol.1, 2006, pp. 34-36. "A Note on the Great Seal of Peroz and Middle Persian NYCNY," Indo-Iranian Journal, vol. 48, Nos. 3-4, 2005, pp. 195-197. "Sasanians and their Ancestors," Societas Iranologica Europoea – Proceedings, ed.A. Panaino and A. Piras, vol. I, Milano, 2005, pp. 287-293. "Ethnic and Territorial Boundaries in Late Antique and Early Medieval Persia (Third to Tenth Century)," Borders, Barriers, and Ethnogenesis, Frontiers in Late Antiquity and Middle Ages, ed. F. Curta, Brepols, 2005, pp. 123-137. "The 'Bow of Rustam' and the 'Gleaming Armor' of the Parthians: Notes on the Parthian Epic Ayadgar i Zareran," Electrum: Studies in Ancient History, vol.10, 2005, pp. 95-98. "Notes on Early Sasanian Tiulature," Journal of the Society for Ancient Numismatics, vol. 21, 2002(2005), pp. 41-44. "Das Uberleben eines sehr alten persischen Titels in Zentralasien," Iranistik, Deutschprachige Zeitschrift fur iranistische Studien, vol. 3, no.1, 2004, pp.41-48. "History, Epic, and Numismatics: On the Title of Yazdgerd I (Ramšahr)," Journal of the American Numismatic Society, vol. 14, 2002(2003), pp. 89-95. "The Effect of the Arab Muslim Conquest on the Administrative Division of Sasanian Persis/Far," Iran: The British Institute of Persian Studies, vol. 31, 2003, pp. 193-204."Gayomard: King of Clay or Mountain? The epithet of the First Man in the Zoroastrian Tradition," Paitimana, Essays in Iranian, Indo-European, and Indian Studies in Honor of Hanns-Peter Schmidt, Mazda Press, 2003, pp. 339-349. "The Mazdean sect of Gayomartiya," Atash-e Dorun (The Fire Within), Jamshid Soroush Soroushian Memorial Volume, ed. C. Cereti, 2003, pp. 131-137. "The Persian Gulf Trade in Late Antiquity," Journal of World History, vol.14, no. 1, 2003, pp. 1-16. "Sight, Semen, and the Brain: Ancient Persian Notions of Physiology in Old and Middle Iranian Texts," The Journal of Indo-European Studies, vol. 30, nos. 1&2, 2002, pp. 1-26."Mind, Body, and the Cosmos: Chess and Backgammon in Ancient Persia," Iranian Studies, vol. 35, no. 4, 2002, pp. 281-312. "The Coinage of Queen Boran and Its Significance for Late Sasanian Imperial Ideology," Bulletin of the Asia Institute: Volume 13, 1999(2002), pp. 1-6. "The Changing ‘image of the World’: Geography and Imperial Propaganda in Ancient Persia," Electrum, Studies in Ancient History, vol.6, 2002, pp. 99-109. "Two Recently Discovered Inscribed Sasanian Silver Bowls," in collaboration with Judith Lerner and Dayoush Akbarzadeh, Bulletin of the Asia Institute , vol. 15, 2001 (2005), pp. 71-76. "Kave the Black-Smith: An Indo-Iranian Fashioner?," Studien zur Indologie und Iranistik, Vol. 22, 1999(2001), pp.9-21. "Sources for the Economic History of Late Sasanian Fars," Matériaux pour l’Histoire Économique du Monde Iranien, Studia Iranica Cahier 21, 1999(2000), pp. 131-148. "Sasanian Persia (224-651 AD)," The Journal of Society for Iranian Studies, vol. 31,
no. 3-4, 1998(2000), pp. 431-462."Middle Iranian Sources for the Study of Medieval Islamic History," (MEM) The Bulletin of Middle East Medievalist , Vol. 10, No. 2, Oct. 1998, pp. 36-39. "Apocalypse Now: Zoroastrian Reflection on the Early Islamic Centuries," Medieval Encounters, Vol. 4, No. 3, Nov. 1998, pp.188-202. "The Use of Religio-Political Propaganda on Coins of Xusro II," in The Journal of the American Numismatic Society, Vol. 7, November 1997, pp. 41-54. "The Effect of Civil War on the Mint Production in the Sasanian Empire," Oriental Numismatic Society No. 150, Autumn 1996, pp. 8-9."Keyanid History or National History? The Natue of Sasanian Zoroastrian Historiography," The Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, vol. 28, Nos. 3-4, 1995, pp. 121-145. Selected Articles (Persian Language)

 "Two Notes on the Mythological Geography of Iranians," Studia Persica, Sot?deh N?ma, ed. I. Afshar, Tehran, 2005, vol.15 pp. 345-349. "Ardašir i Babakan and the Decapitated Heads at the Anahita Fire-Temple," Iranshenasi, A Journal of Iranian Studies, vol. xvi, no. 4, winter 2005, pp. 659-662. "The Middle Persian Inscription of Seluk at Persepolis," Farhang: The Quarterly Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies, vol.17, nos. 49-50, 2004, pp. 47-53. "Royal and Communal Views of ?r?nšahr in the Sassanian Period," Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, Vol.3, no. 2, 2003-2004, pp. 11-27. "The Sons and Grandsons’ of Yazdgird III in China," Iranshenasi, A Journal of Iranian Studies, vol.xv, no. 3, autumn 2003, pp. 540-548. "Some Notes on Religion and State During the Sasanian Period," Sorush-e Mogan, Jamš?d Sor?sh? ?n Memorial Volume, ed. K. Mazdapur, Tehran, 2002, pp. 167-177."The Inscription of Šabuhr Saganšah at Persepolis," Farhang, Quarterly Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies, vol. 14, nos. 37-38, summer 2001, pp. 107-114. "Zed-e Zandiyun in the Sasanian and Early Islamic Period," Ma’arif, vol. 18, no. 2, 2001,pp.51-57. "Kerdir’s Naqsh-e Rajab Inscription," Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, 2001, pp. 3-10. "Notes on the Middle Persian Text, The Šahrestaniha I Eranšahr," Iranshenasi, vol. Xii, no.4, winter 2001, pp. 795-801. "Trends in the Study of Ancient History in the United States and Europe," Bukhara, vol. 3, no. 16, Jan-Feb. 2001, pp. 21-26. "The Judge and Protector of the Needy during the Sasanian Period," Tafazzoli Memorial Volume, ed.A.A. Sadeghi, Tehran, 2001, pp. 179-187. "The Pahlavi Title of ?ihr az Yazdan and the Sassanian Kings," Name-ye Farhangestan, The Quarterly Journal of Iranian Academy of Persian Language and Literature, Vol. 4, No. 4 (Ser. No. 16), November 2000, pp.28-32. "The Wonders and Worthiness of Sistan," Iranshenasi, A Journal of Iranian Studies, Vol. VIII, No. 3, Autumn 1996, pp. 534-542. References

External links
 Official Homepage
 Official Academia.edu Profile
 <mask> Daryaee's articles in Iranian.com
 Profile: Touraj Daryaee University of California, Irvine
 Prof. <mask> Daryaee: Nowruz Serves as a Reminder of the Importance of Nature and Renewal Fars News Agency

Iranian expatriate academics
Iranian historians
Iranian Iranologists
Writers from Tehran
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
University of California, Irvine faculty
1967 births
Living people
Zoroastrian studies scholars
20th-century Iranian people
21st-century Iranian people
Historians

masks: Touraj Touraj


texts:
is a Japanese footballer who plays as a full-back for J1 League club Kashima Antlers and has represented the Japan national team. Born in Hyōgo, <mask> came through the ranks at Tokyo Verdy and played 150 games for them before moving to J1 League club Kashima Antlers in 2018. After 18 months at Kashima, he moved to Portuguese side Portimonense and in 2019 made his debut for the national team. After two seasons in Europe, <mask> moved back to Japan and Kashima in the 2021 season. Youth career
Born in Hyōgo, <mask> started playing football from an early age – beginning as a midfield player in elementary and junior high school, but converting to a full-back in his first year of high school. Whilst at Tozuka-higashi Elementary School, he played youth football firstly for Tozuka FC Juniors in Kawaguchi, Saitama and then moved through the youth ranks of Tokyo Verdy whilst at Meguro Nihon University High School. Despite being small in stature, Anzai was given confidence by Verdy's youth coach Satoshi Tsunami that he would become a professional player and encouraged him to continue in their youth ranks rather than play high school football.<mask> made 48 appearances for Tokyo Verdy's youth teams from 2011–2013 in both the Prince Takamado Trophy and the Japan Club Youth Cup – making his U18 debut at just 15 years old. Club career

Tokyo Verdy
In 2014, aged 19, <mask> was promoted to Tokyo Verdy's first team squad, taking the number 34 shirt. He made his debut in a 3–1 J2 League defeat to Matsumoto Yamaga in the first league game of the 2014 season, where he played the full 90 minutes. In May 2014, <mask> scored his first professional goal in a 1–0 league victory over Kamatamare Sanuki. <mask> made more appearances than any of his teammates in his debut season, playing all but one league game including 34 starts and playing over 3000 minutes of football. Verdy however did not have a successful season and finished in 20th out of 22 teams, narrowly avoiding the relegation playoff game. For the 2015 season, <mask> was given the number 2 shirt at Tokyo Verdy, highlighting his prominence in the first-team squad.In pre-season, <mask> visited English Premier League club West Ham as part of a week long training camp, where he met the likes of Andy Carroll, Alex Song and Mark Noble. Playing alongside such players, <mask> said that he felt the biggest difference was the physicality of the game in England and started more strength training on his return to Japan. He went on to make 35 league appearances in the 2015 season, helping Verdy to a much improved 8th placed finish in the J2 League. Tokyo Verdy continued to be inconsisent performers in the league, finishing the 2016 season in 18th place and the 2017 in the play-off places, where they were beaten at the semi-final stage by Avispa Fukuoka. <mask> continued to impress and was ever-present throughout, and by the end of the 2017 season was playing under his third manager at Verdy, following the dismissals of Yasutoshi Miura and Koichi Togashi. Manager Miguel Ángel Lotina also started to push <mask> further up the pitch and started to be used increasingly as a right midfielder from the middle of the season. By the end of the 2017 season, <mask> had made 153 appearances for Verdy, scoring 6 goals.Kashima Antlers
After 12 years at Tokyo Verdy, in December 2017 it was announced that <mask> would be joining J1 League club Kashima Antlers, wearing the number 32 shirt. Although disappointed not to help promote his boyhood team Verdy to the top division, he would get a chance to play alongside Atsuto Uchida, a right-back and fellow countryman that he had long admired. He made his debut for Kashima in an AFC Champions League 1–1 draw with Chinese Super League club Shanghai Shenhua. This was also his first appearance in an international competition. He made his J1 League debut in the same month in a 0–0 draw with Shimizu S-Pulse. <mask> quickly became a regular starter, however he was primarily played as a left-back rather than his usual right-back position, taking the position from Shuto Yamamoto. He scored his first goal for Kashima in July, in a 6–2 league victory over Kashiwa Reysol.Receiving the ball in his own half, he dribbled through the Kashiwa defence at full pace and produced a fine finish past the goalkeeper. Such was the quality of the goal, that it won July's Goal of the Month competition. <mask> played a total of 28 league games and scored three goals in his first season, in spite of a knee injury suffered in March that kept him sidelined for a month. In November 2018, Kashima won their first ever AFC Champions League title after a 2–0 aggregate victory over Iranian club Persepolis, with <mask> coming on as a substitute in both of the finals games. This was his first piece of silverware as a professional player. <mask> played in most of the Champions League games, making 10 appearances in total, but was increasingly used as a wide midfielder rather than a full-back, including in the finals. As reward for Kashima winning the Champions League, <mask> went on to represent them at the Club World Cup, making three appearances in the competition including coming on as substitute in their 3–1 defeat to Real Madrid in the semi-finals.<mask> made a total of 50 appearances in the 2018 season across five competitons, but ended the season battling for a place in starting line-up, with Shuto Yamamoto, Daigo Nishi and Atsuto Uchida all seemingly preferred in the full-back positions. For the 2019 season, <mask> was given the 22 shirt after Daigo Nishi transferred to Vissel Kobe. It didn't take long before <mask> had become the teams first-choice left-back in place of Shuto Yamamoto and his form had caught the eye of national team coach Hajime Moriyasu, who called up <mask> to represent Japan in series of games in March.. After the international games, <mask>'s good form continued and after 15 league appearances <mask> had scored three goals and made three assists. Portimonense
Mid-way through the Japanese league season in July 2019, it was announced that <mask> would be transferring to Portuguese Primeira Liga side Portimonense, joining compatriot Shūichi Gonda in their squad. Anzai had made no secret of his desire to one day play abroad and at 24 years old he felt that it was now or never to play in Europe and also an opportunity to cement his place in the national team squad. <mask> took the number 22 shirt, mirroring his role model Atsuto Uchida who used the number when he transferred to Schalke 04 in 2010. <mask> made his debut for Portimonense in August 2019 in a 2–0 Taça da Liga win against Academica.He played the full 90 minutes and provided an assist for the second goal by Aylton Boa Morte. He also didn't have to wait too long to score his first goal for the club, scoring in a closely contested 3–2 defeat to FC Porto in September. <mask> was a regular starter in the first half of the season, however Portimonense were not performing well in the league and after a 3–0 defeat to last-placed team C.D. Aves in January, manager António Folha was dismissed. Once the league season had restarted after the break between March and June due to the COVID-19 pandemic, <mask> was used more as a substitute as Emmanuel Hackman appeared to be the new manager's first choice right-back. After winning only 7 games in the season, Portimonense finished in 17th place and were due to be relegated, but due to a technicality the LPFP relegated Vitória de Setubal in their place, so <mask> would continue to play top-flight football. For the 2020–21 season, <mask> staked his claim as the first-choice right-back, playing in 31 of the 34 league games throughout the season.He was unable to contribute as much as he would have liked offensively, only registering one assist and scoring no goals throughout the season. Nevertheless, Portimonense again struggled in the league and finished in 14th place, only 4 points clear of relegation. Return to Kashima Antlers
<mask> was contacted by Kashima's Director of Football Mitsuru Suzuki asking if he wanted to return to the club. Ideally, he wanted to keep playing in Europe but also wanted to give himself the best chance of retaining his place in the national team setup. After two years in Portugal, in July 2021 it was announced that <mask> would be rejoining Kashima Antlers, finally claiming the prestigious number 2 shirt. He joined at the end of the Portuguese season, but it was mid-way through the 2021 J1 League season. <mask> made his first appearance after re-joining on gameweek 23 in a substitite appearance against Shonan Bellmare.After a few substitute appearances, it wasn't long before <mask> made his first league start in gameweek 26 – a 4–0 win over Shimizu S-Pulse. After this point, he was back to being a permanent fixture in the starting XI, largely replacing Katsuya Nagato in the left-back position. He went on to make 20 appearances across all competitons in his half season with Kashima. International career
After a solid start to the 2019 season for Kashima Antlers, <mask> was called up to represent the Japan national team by manager Hajime Moriyasu, in the absence of regular full-backs Yuto Nagatomo and Hiroki Sakai. He made his debut on 22 March 2019 in a friendly as part of the Kirin Cup against Colombia, as an 89th-minute substitute for Sho Sasaki. Days later on 26 March, <mask> made his first start for Japan in a 1–0 friendly win against Bolivia, playing 73 minutes before being substituted. <mask> said that he perhaps didn't play to his best in the game against Bolivia, but the experience of training for 10 days with the national team and a taste of international football was exciting and would provide room for growth.<mask> was then left out of the squad that competed in the 2019 Copa América in June 2019, with Daiki Sugioka and Tomoki Iwata taking the starting full-back positions. He was however recalled for the following game – a continuation of the Kirin Cup and a 2–0 win over Paraguay. <mask> came on as a 67th minute substitute for Yuto Nagatomo. In October 2019, <mask> made his first competitive international appearance, coming on as a second-half substitute for Hiroki Sakai in a 6–0 win over Mongolia in a 2022 World Cup Qualifying game. Unfortunately, he was then not picked for any of the remaining qualifiers at the end of 2019, nor the EAFF E-1 Football Championship. His next cap came in a 0–0 friendly draw with Cameroon in October 2020, although his inclusion was in part due to the fact that only European based players were picked for the squad due to the COVID-19 pandemic as the match took place in the Utrecht, Netherlands. He started the game but was substituted at half time – this was his last appearance for Japan to date.Play style
Anzai is small in stature, but is known as a player that possesses a lot of speed and stamina, with a good dribbling ability. A right-footed player, he can play in either the right-back or left-back position, but his attacking instincts often mean he plays more like a wing-back. Career statistics

Club

International

Honours

Club

Kashima Antlers
AFC Champions League: 2018

Individual
J1 League Goal of the Month: July 2018

References

External links

Profile at Kashima Antlers

1995 births
Living people
Association football people from Hyōgo Prefecture
Japanese footballers
Japanese expatriate footballers
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Primeira Liga players
Tokyo Verdy players
Kashima Antlers players
Portimonense S.C. players
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Association football defenders

masks: Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai Anzai


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Princess <mask> of Sweden (<mask>mina Katarina Maria Lovisa Charlotta Anna; 21 May 1801 – 6 July 1865) was, by marriage, Grand Duchess of Baden as the wife of sovereign Grand Duke of Baden, Leopold. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born in Stockholm, Sweden, on 21 May 1801. She was the daughter of King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden and his wife, Frederica of Baden. After her birth, she was raised under the supervision of the royal governesses Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie and Charlotte Stierneld in succession. <mask> was eight years old when her father was deposed by the Coup of 1809 and she left Sweden with her family. Between the time of the coup which deposed her father, and leaving Sweden, she and her mother were under house arrest. During this period, she was described in the famous diary of Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp as a stubborn girl who was much more haughty and possessed less self-control than her brother Gustav.An anecdote describes the contrast between the siblings. When Fredrika and her children were given permission to join the deposed king, famous Swedish nobleman Axel von Fersen came to discuss the arrangements. When he was about to leave, <mask>'s older brother ran to the door to open it for Fersen. The former queen Fredrika is quoted as saying, "<mask> would never in the world have done that, she thinks of herself too highly for that." Marriage
In 1815, she was engaged, and on 25 July 1819 in Karlsruhe, <mask> married her half-grand-uncle Prince Leopold of Baden, the son of a morganatic marriage. The marriage with Leopold had been specifically arranged by her uncle, Grand Duke Karl I of Baden, to improve the chances that Leopold would one day succeed him as grand duke because of <mask>'s royal lineage; Leopold, though his right to the throne was recognized, was originally the issue of a morganatic marriage. During the reign of Louis I, Grand Duke of Baden, they lived a modest life away from court, as Louis did not want the heir to the throne at court.In 1830, her husband ascended to the grand ducal throne as Leopold I, and <mask> became Grand Duchess of Baden. Grand Duchess of Baden
<mask> is described as wise and dutiful but strict. She kept late hours and arose late in the mornings, after which she spent hours writing letters to various relatives around Europe in her négligée. She was interested in science, art and politics, and kept herself well informed on all political events of the day through her correspondence. Her ties to the Viennese court were particularly tight, and it was to Vienna her sons were sent to complete their education. <mask> retained a certain bitterness over the deposition of her father, and took it very badly when her brother was deprived of his status as a Swedish prince. During the tumult caused by the appearance of Kaspar Hauser, <mask> was rumoured to have ordered Hauser's assassination in 1833.This damaged her relationship to her husband, and <mask> was said to have had an affair. During the revolution of 1848, she was forced to flee from Karlsruhe with her family to Strasbourg. They returned in 1849, after the revolt had been subdued by Prussian forces. She became a widow in 1852. <mask> convinced her son Frederick to enter an arranged dynastic marriage rather than a marriage to his love, Baroness Stephanie von Gensau. In 1852, the Swedish royal house wished to make peace with the deposed Swedish royal house, and Oscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg tried to arrange a meeting, but without success. In 1863, however, <mask> met the Swedish heir presumptive Prince Oscar II of Sweden and his consort <mask> of Nassau.The meeting was a success: <mask> asked him about how the Stockholm of her childhood had changed, and when they left, she presented the couple with a gift to their son prince Gustaf, a medallion with the inscription "G" and the crown of the Swedish Crown Prince, because he had the same name as her brother. In 1864, <mask> was interviewed by an unnamed Swedish writer, an interview which was published in her biography about famous Swedish women by Wilhelmina Stålberg (who was likely the unnamed writer in question): Her palace was placed in a little park and had the appearance of a beautiful private residence rather than a royal palace. Beautiful trees, well tendered lawns and alleys surrounded the building. No grandeur in regard of staff or other things was visible anywhere. In the room, in which I first entered, there were an abundance of flowers and paintings. Everything there seemed to represent the home of a soul living in the solitude of her memories. I was also told that the Grand Duchess seldom appeared.She soon entered with light, bearely audible steps, a gracious figure who arrived with open arms to embrace and kiss me. [...] She soon turned the conversation to Sweden and her memories of it. She particularly remembered Haga Palace and Stockholm Royal Palace, the latter so well that, if she should ever see it again, she would have the ability to find her way in any part of the palace. I asked, if she should not make a visit to her childhood home. There had been rumours in Sweden that she had the wish to do so, and that she had written about it to King Oscar, who had assured her of a kind welcome. The Grand Duchess disregarded the rumour as "completely unfounded". She had never had a serious plan to visit Sweden, despite the fact that she often longed for it.Especially during spring she always felt a strange melancholic longing for her childhood home. But to travel there was now too late for her. This she uttered with a tearful glimmer in her big blue eyes. In any case, a true smile seemed uncharacteristic for this not-really-beautiful but very interesting face. As for the latest Swedish literature, she did read it, but all in translation, "Because", she said, "I can no longer remember the Swedish language well enough to speak or read it in person. I can however understand it spoken, and my prayers are in Swedish!" Family

On 25 July 1819 in Karlsruhe, <mask> married her half-grand-uncle Leopold I of Baden.They became the paternal grandparents of the Swedish Queen consort Victoria of Baden. Sophia and Leopold I had the following children:
Alexandrine (1820–1904), married Duke Ernest II of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1818–93), due to their childless marriage, Ernest's younger brother Albert's British issue succeeded in that duchy. Ludwig (1822–1822)
Louis II (1824–58), reigned as Grand Duke 1852–58, deemed mentally unfit to rule. Frederick I (1826–1907), Grand Duke 1858-1907, Regent 1852–58, father of Queen Victoria of Sweden. William (1829–97), Prussian General, married Marie of Leuchtenberg, became ancestor of the younger line of princes of Baden and father of Prince Max of Baden, German Chancellor, and later the heir of Grand Duchy. Charles (1832–1906), married Rosalie von Beust (morganatic)
Marie (1834–99), married Prince Ernest of Leiningen (1830–1904)
Cecilie (1839–91), known as Olga Feodorovna, married Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia (1832–1902), Governor General in Tbilisi. She died at Karlsruhe Palace on 6 July 1865.Ancestry

Notes

References
 This article is partially based on its equivalent on German wikipedia
 Heribert Jansson (in Swedish). Drottning Victoria (Queen Victoria). Hökerbergs Bokförlag. (1963) ISBN. (search for all versions on WorldCat)
Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor. [Utg. av P.G.Berg och Wilhelmina Stålberg]. Stockholm, 1864-1866. 1801 births
1865 deaths
19th-century Swedish people
19th-century Swedish women
Sophia 1801
House of Holstein-Gottorp
Grand Duchesses of Baden
People from Stockholm
Disinherited European royalty
Daughters of kings
Kaspar Hauser

masks:
Sophie
Sofia Vhel
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie
Sophie


texts:
<mask> (born 1942) is an Italian historian specialising in the history of East Asia and South East Asia, and in the history of silk, in particular. Career
Zanier  is a historian specialising in the history of East and South East Asia. He has held academic positions in Italy, and has been a visiting research at many institutions. \

He was Assistant Professor in Political Economy, at Rome University, 1968-1974; Associate Professor (Tenured), History of East and South East Asia, Dept. of Modern and Contemporary History,  University of Pisa, 1975-2012, Associate Professor (Temporary), Industrial Archeology, Corso diLaurea in Conservazione dei BeniCulturali, Università di Pisa, 1994-1998. He had held several research fellowships: at the Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune (India), 1967-1968; the India Office Library and Records, London, 1979-1980; and School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1983-1984; Scientific Coordinator for Italy, Silk Cultural Itineraries, Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 1991-2000; Visiting Professor, Institute for Economic Research,  Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, 1999-2000; Chercheur Associé, Ecole des Hautes Etudes enSciences Sociales, Centre de Recherches Historiques, Paris,  2003-2006; Founding Member: AIPAI - Associazione Italiana per l'Archeologia Industriale (Italian Association for Industrial Archaeology) 2004. Now retired from the University of Pisa, he is a visiting scholar at the China National Silk Museum, focusing on the history of silk.Selected publications
 1975 Accumulazione esviluppo economico in Giappone - dalla fine del XVI alla fine del secolo [Japanese Economic Development, 16th to 19th Century], Einaudi, Torino 1975." 1980 "Japanese periodicals in Italian public libraries - a preliminary note", Bulletin of the European Association for Japanese Studies, n. 15, December 1980. 1984 "Silk Culture in Western India: the "Mutti Experiment" (1830-1847)", Indian Economic and Social History Review, 21, 4, 1984. 1986 "Japan and the 'Pebrine' crisis of European sericulture during the 1860s", Bonner Zeitschrift für Japanologie, 8, 1986. 1989 "Japan as a newcomer in the world silk market: the European assessment (1848-1898)", Rivista internazionale di scienze economiche e commerciali, XXXVI, n. 1, 1989. 1990 "Rerouting the Silk Road via San Francisco. Italian Entrepreneurs and the Silk Crisis of the 1850s",in Storia Nordamericana, 7 (1990), I, pp.105–116. 1993 Alla ricerca del seme perduto. Sulla via della seta tra scienza e speculazione (1858-1862) [Italian silk traders in China and India, 1858-1862], Angeli, Milano 1993. 1994 Where the roads met. East and West in the Silk Production Processes (17th to 19th Centuries), Kyoto 1994. 1994 "Current historical research into the silk industry in Italy", in Textile History, 25 (1994), I, pp. 61–78.1996 "Tradition and Change in the Early Marketing of Japanese Silkworm Eggs: The First large-scale Japanese Inroad into Western Markets (1863-1875)", in S. Metzger-Court, W. Pascha (eds), Japan's Socio-Economic Evolution. Continuity and Change, Japan Library (Curzon Press), Folkestone (U.K.), 1996, pp. 50–65. 1999 "The valorisation of silk heritage in Italy: building viable tourist itineraries around historical uniqueness", Actes du Colloque Patrimoine industriel etsociété locale: identités, valorisation, emploi, Le Creusot, 24 - 25 octobre 1996, Patrimoinede l’ industrie,      2, 1999, pp. 9–14. 1999 "L’art de la soie, Pour la Science" - N° Special / Fibres Textiles, 266, Déc. 1999, pp.44–49. 2000 (with Molà, L., Mueller, R.C. ), La seta in Italia dal Medioevo al Seicento - Dal baco al drappo, [Silk in Italy from Middle Ages to 17th Century] Fondazione Giorgio Cini. Marsilio. Venezia 2000. 2000 "I cicli di  produzione nellecarte da parati cinesi del Castello di Govone", in Il Castello di Govone - Gliappartamenti, [18th Century Chinese wall-papers with silk-cycle motives in a Piedmont, Italy, Castle] CELID, Torino 2000, pp. 60–75.2001 "Italian silk traders in Japan at the time of pebrine silkworm epidemics (1861-1880)" in Sericultural Exchange between Italy and Japan in the Middle of 19th Century - Mazzocchi, Shimamura and ItalianSilk Costumes, Nippon Silk Center, Gunma 2001, pp. 41–50. 2001 "Kinu bôeki to shoki no Nichi-I Kôryû, in Bakumatsu Ishin to Gaikô", Bakumatsu Ishin Ronshû 7, Yoshikawa Kôbunkan, Tokyô 2001, pp. 286–315. .
 2001  "Il tempo di Odorico e la Seta, in: La Cina e la Via della Seta nel viaggio di Odorico da Pordenone", [Silk in the Times of Odoric's travel to China], Comune di Pordenone, Pordenone 2001, pp. 62–88. 2002 "The Worldwide Web of Silk Production, 1300-2000", Paper presented to the XIIIth International Conference of Economic History, Buenos Ayres, July 2002. 2003 "Ėchanges, appropriation et diffusion detechnologies d’ origine étrangère au Japon: Le cas de la sériciculture et de l’ industrie de la soie (1860-1900)", Ebisu, Maison Franco-Japonaise, 31, Tokyo,December 2003, pp.5-25. ISSN 1340-3656. 2005 "Pre-Modern European Silk Technology and East Asia: Who Imported What?" in Ma Debin (ed. ), Textiles in the Pacific, 1500-1900, Ashgate Variorum, Aldershot (UK), 2005, pp. 105–189. 2006 "Semai.Setaioli italiani in Giappone (1861-1880), [Italian Silk Entrepreneurs in Japan, 1861-1880] CLEUP, Padova 2006. 2007 "La fabrication de la soie: un domaine réservé auxfemmes", Travail, genre et sociétés, 18, 2007, pp. 111–130. 2008 Setaioli italiani in Asia. Imprenditori della seta in Asia Centrale dal 1859 al 1871 [Italian Silk Entrepreneurs in Central Asia, 1859-1871], CLEUP, Padova, 2008. 2009 "Italian documents on Central Asia: The papers of Giulio Adamoli (1869-1870)",  Eurasian Studies, VII/1-2, 2009 (2010), pp. 87–123.2010 "Le donne e il ciclo della seta [Women and the silk production cycle], in Percorsi di lavoro e progetti di vita femminili (a cura di A. Martinelli e L. Savelli), Felici Editore, Pisa 2010, pp. 25-46. 2010 "The Migration of the Silk Cycle from China: a Comprehensive View", Paper presented to the International Meeting on Historical Systems of Innovation – The Culture of Silk in the Early Modern World (14th to 18th Century). Max-Planck-Institut fuer Wissenschaftgeschichte, Berlin, 17.12.2010
 2012 “Senza la barriera delle Alpi. La seta e l’eredità intellettuale di Matthieu Bonafous Tra Lyon e Torino”. English Translation: “Overcoming the Barrier of the Alps. Silk and the Intellectual Legacy of Matthieu Bonafous between Lyons and  Turin”, CROMOHS, Cyber Review of Modern Historiography, 17, 2012, Firenze University Press.2013 "La Cina delle manifatture come modello esterno per le élite piemontesi del ‘700. Le carte da parati del castello di Govone", [Chinese Manufactures in Govone’s Castle Wallpapers. A model to 18th Century Piedmont Ruling Class], in Pazzagli, Rossano (acura di), Il mondo a metà. Studi storici sul territorio el’ambiente in onore di Giuliana Biagioli, ETS, Pisa 2013, pp. 329–336. External links
<mask> on the China National Silk Museum website
<mask> on Academia
<mask> on Worldcat

References

1942 births
Living people
Italian historians
Silk Road

masks:
Claudio Zanier
Claudio Zanier
Claudio Zanier
Claudio Zanier


texts:
<mask>  (15 April 1858 – 27 May 1932) was an English artist and a prolific illustrator of children's books in the late 19th century and early 20th century. He was a meticulous craftsman and went to a great deal of effort to ensure that his illustrations were accurate. He illustrated six or seven books a year in addition to a huge volume of magazine illustration. Early life
He was born in Banstead, the younger son of notable book illustrator <mask> (who as "Phiz" illustrated books by Charles Dickens). He was privately educated and then studied art at the Heatherley School of Fine Art and South Kensington Schools. At Art School he insisted only drawing from life. Work
<mask> worked in watercolour and pen and ink.He was a member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours (RI) and a founder member of the Royal Society of British Artists (RBA). <mask> was an early member of the Society of Graphic Art and showed three works at their first exhibition in 1921. Some sources say that <mask> began accepting commissions when still a student as money was in short supply at home as his father had been unwell in 1867 and was partly incapacitated by illness. However, Kirkpatrick considers this unlikely as <mask> was only 9 years of age in 1867, and that his earlies known illustrations only appeared in 1875. Brown's first book illustrations was for The Day After the Holidays (1875), A school story by Ascott R Hope. This inaugurated numerous commissions for books and for contributions to periodicals. Among these was work for Aunt Judy's Magazine He then drew several Christmas cards and took a course in drawing on wood.James Cooper, his tutor, introduced him to Blackie's, the London publishers, for whom he began to illustrate juvenile books. The first book he illustrated for Blackie was Facing Death: The Hero of the Vaughan Pit (1882) by G. A. Henty. From the 1880s, <mask> was one of Britain's most prolific illustrators. Houfe says that "<mask> illustrated a truly amazing quantity of boy's stories, tales and novels". His total volume of work was enormous. Kirkpatrick gives the estimate that <mask> produce c. 3,660 images in his work. <mask> also wrote himself.He exhibited his work extensively with over 200 works exhibited during his life (a few of these may have been repeated at different venues). Book illustration
<mask> illustrated six or seven books a year. His historical research for his illustrations was painstaking. He assembled a collection of armour, helmets, pistols, daggers, swords, uniforms, and even saddles. When working, he would refer to these constantly to ensure his depictions of historic dress and arms were accurate. <mask> took great care that he understood the text he was illustrating. He would read the text first, and then read it again to identify the details of the scene to be illustrated.Such was <mask>'s renown for his careful research that George Bernard Shaw, in a review of Stories of Old Renown by Ascot R. Hope said: Mr. Hope describes Guy of Warwick as unhorsed, and fighting the dragon with his sword after he has been thrown and has lost his spear. Mr. <mask>'s illustration shows Guy on horseback fighting with his sword. Which is right? Example of book illustration
<mask> illustrated fourteen of G. A. Henty's novels, including the first seven published by Blackie and Son. One of these was "Facing Death: The Hero of the Vaughan Pit: A Tale of the Coal Mines." This was first published by Blackie in 1882 with six drawings by <mask>. A second version of the first edition was published in the same year, but this time with eight illustrations as shown here.Authors illustrated by <mask>
The range of authors whose books were illustrates by Brown is extensive and the list, drawn from a range of sources includes:
Grant Allen (18481899), a Canadian science writer and novelist. Hans Christian Andersen (18051875), a prolific Danish author best remembered for his fairy tales. Sir Edwin Arnold (18321904), an English poet and journalist, who is most known for his work The Light of Asia. Helen Atteridge (18561931), author of children's fiction. R. M. Ballantyne (18251894), a prolific Scottish author of juvenile fiction and an accomplished water-colourist. Alice Banks, who wrote books for young children. R. D. Blackmore (18251900), an English novelist now best remembered for Lorna Doone.Catherine Christian (19011895), an English novelist, known for her children's books and re-telling of Arthurian legends. Harry Collingwood (18431922), a writer of boys' adventure fiction, usually in a nautical setting. Alice Corkran (18431916), an Irish author of children's fiction and an editor of children's magazines and annuals. E. E. Cowper (18591933), Edith Eliza Cowper, a prolific English author of juvenile fiction, much of which was published by the SPCK, who had eight children by Frank Cowper, yachtsman and author, from whom she separated shortly after the last of her children was born. Samuel Rutherford Crockett (18591914), a prolific Scottish novelist, who wrote more than 60 books. F. J. Harvey Darton (18781936), an author, publisher, and historian of children's literature. Countess d'Aulnoy (c. 16501705), a French writer best known for her fairy tales.Daniel Defoe (c. 16591731), who wrote Robinson Crusoe and A Journal of the Plague Year among other works. Miguel de Cervantes (c. 15471616), a Spanish writer best known for Don Quixote. Evelyn Everett-Green (18561932), who moved from pious stores for children, through historical romances, to adult romances under a range of pseudonyms. Juliana Horatia Ewing (18411885), an English writer of children's stories, which show both an insight into childhood and a strong religious faith. B. L. Farjeon (18381903), a prolific English novelist, playwright, printer and journalist. Frederick Farrar (18311903), an Anglican cleric, schoolteacher, and author of essays and of boys' school stories. George Manville Fenn (18311909), a prolific author of fiction for young adults.Amy Le Feuvre (18611929), a prolific author of books for children with a Christian message. Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué (17771843), a German writer of the Romantic style. Jean Froissart (c . 1337c. 1405), a French-speaking medieval author and court historian whose work embodied the chivalric revival. Thomas Guthrie (18031873), a Scottish religious preacher and philanthropist. George Halse (18261895), an English sculptor, novelist, and poet. Herbert Hayens (18611944), who wrote juvenile fiction and school-books
G. A. Henty (18321902), a prolific writer of boy's adventure fiction, often set in a historical context, who had himself served in the military and been a war correspondent.Silas Hocking (18501935), a prolific Cornish novelist and a Methodist preacher. Edwin Hodder (18371904), a prolific author on many topics including travel, geography, history, and religion. Ascott R. Hope (18461927), a prolific author of children's books, especially school stories, and of Black's Guides. Frank Hudson, an English novelist who wrote on sporting topics and for children. Washington Irving (17831859), an American short-story writer, essayist, biographer, historian, and diplomat who wrote Rip Van Winkle and other stories. Harry Jones (18231900), an Anglican cleric and author, magazine contributor and editor, and a chaplain-in-ordinary to Queen Victoria. Andrew Lang (18441912), the prolific Scottish author interested in folk and fairy tales.Lord Tennyson (18091892), the Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom during much of Queen Victoria's reign. Mary MacLeod (18591914), an editor and publisher's reader who summarised stories from Shakespeare and others for children. John Masefield (18781967), an English poet and writer, and UK Poet Laureate from 19301967. L. T. Meade (18441914), Elizabeth Thomasina Meade Smith, a prolific Irish writer of stories for girls. Mrs Molesworth (18391921), n English writer of children's stories, who also wrote adult novels under a pseudonym. Alice T. Morris (18511955), wrote illustrated books for young children, married book designer and graphic artist Talwin Morris. E. Nesbit (18581924), an English poet and novelist who wrote The Railway Children among other works.Barry Pain (18641928), an English  journalist, poet and writer. Charles Reade (18141884), an English novelist and dramatist,. Talbot Baines Reed (18521893),  an English writer of boys' fiction, especially school stories. William Clark Russell (18441911), an English writer, best known for his novels in nautical settings. George Edmund B. Saintsbury (18451933), an English writer, literary historian, scholar, critic and wine connoisseur. Walter Scott (17711832), the Scottish historical novelist, poet, and historian who wrote Ivanhoe. William Shakespeare (15641616), the Bard of Avon.R. L. Stevenson (18501894), the Scottish poet and novelist who wrote Treasure Island and other adventure fiction. Jonathan Swift (16671745), an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, pamphleteer, poet and cleric, best remembered for Gulliver's Travels. Georgina M. Synge (18581911), who wrote books for young children, and on travel. William Makepeace Thackeray (18111863), a British novelist, author and illustrator born in India, best known for Vanity Fair. Ethel Sybil Turner (18701958), an English-born Australian novelist and writer of children's fiction. Percy Westerman (18751959), a prolific author of boys' adventure fiction, many with military and naval themes. Example of self-illustration
<mask> wrote and illustrated several books for young children using the pen name A.Nobody. The following shows an example of the simplified style he used for young children. Magazine Illustration
<mask> illustrated for many magazines. The following list is based on page 79 of Kirkpatrick, the source is indicated where names have been drawn from other sources:
Andy

{{columns-list|
Atalanta
Aunt Judy's Magazine
The Badminton Magazine
Black and White
The Boy's Own Paper
The British Workman
The Captain
Cassell's Family Magazine
Cassell's Saturday Journal
The Children's Friend
Chums
The English Illustrated Magazine
Darton's Leading Strings
Every Boy's Magazine
Every Girl's Magazine
The Girl's Own Paper
The Girl's Realm
Good Words
The Graphic
Herbert Strang'''s AnnualThe Illustrated London NewsThe Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic NewsThe Infants' MagazineThe JarveyThe JabberwockThe Leisure HourLika JokoLittle FolksLittle Wide-AwakeThe London MagazineThe New BudgetThe New MagazineOur Own MagazineThe New Penny MagazineThe Pall Mall MagazinePuckPunchThe QuiverThe Red MagazineThe Royal MagazineThe ScoutThe SphereThe Strand MagazineSunday at HomeThe Sunday MagazineSunday Reading for the YoungThe Sunday StrandThe Union JackThe Woman's WorldThe Yellow MagazineYoung BritainYoung EnglandThe Young Man and the Young Woman}}

Example of magazine illustration
The following example of magazine illustration shows the scale of work involved in illustrating even a single serial story. The Sorceress of the Strand by L T Meade and Robert Eustace appeared as a serial in the Strand Magazine volumes 24 and 25 in 19021903. It was copiously illustrated by <mask>. <mask> died on 27 May 1932 at his home at 4784 Upper Richmond Road in Richmond, Surrey.The cause of death was heart failure. His effects totalled £426 17s 9d. Assessments of <mask>
Despite his talent, <mask> never achieved the critical acclaim accorded to some of his contemporaries. Enormously painstaking and highly talented, he failed to equal the fame of his father only because his work appeared too widely and in cheap editions, so that he never became associated with a single significant author. Peppin and Micklethwait agree that his failure to achieve the famed of his father was due partly to him never becoming the lead illustrator for any author of note, and also because much of his vast output was published in very cheap editions. However, they concluded that on the grounds of energy, competence, reliability, and sheer volume he must be rated among the most important illustrators of his time.Doyle concludes that: <mask>'s work over the years was so varied and full, so skilled, and of such a consistently high standard that praise would seem invidious. He was equally at home with character-drawing, action scenes or placid landscapes.His animals were as convincing as his people and his children were realistic and vigorous.Houfe is less complimentary, and states that: He was clearly an artist who pleased editors and in this way there is a sameness about his work which dulls it: characters look very much alike whether they are Besant's or Henty's  Kirkpatrick reports that James Thorp, in English Illustration: The Nineties (1935) says that: if he failed to achieve greatness it was due to the monotonous sameness of many of his illustrations, particularly in facial character...Sketchley said that: ... on the whole, the stores illustrated by <mask> are adequately illustrated. and goes on to say that he illustrates more from reality than from the imagination, and that his ideas of fairyland... are no less brisk and picturesque than are his ideas of everyday and of romance. Nevertheless, she concluded that his style It is a healthy style, the ideals of beauty and of strength are never coarse, wanton or listless, the humour is friendly, and if the pathos occasionally verges on sentimentality, the writer, perhaps, rather than the artist is responsible.Dalby wrote <mask> was one of the greatest illustrators of the Golden Age, both in terms of quality and quantity. His sheer prolificity, averaging six books a year for nearly half a century, may have undervalued his reputation, but there is no doubt his innumerable vivid and painstakingly accurate drawings were always successful and much liked by generations of children addicted to the perennially popular classics he illustrated. Many late Victorian writers, from Mrs Ewing to Henty and Fenn, were delighted to have their stories illustrated by this most felicitous of artists.Notes

 References

 Carpenter, H. and M. Prichard. 1984. The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York.Dalby, Richard. 1991. The Golden Age of Children's Book Illustration'', Gallery Books, New York. 0-8317-3910-X. External links
Biography of <mask> (University of Delaware library)
Work by <mask> (V & A)

Nonsense for somebody, anybody or everybody, particularly the baby-body (Baldwin Library of Historical Children's Literature)

1858 births
1932 deaths
English children's book illustrators
British children's book illustrators
English watercolourists
English illustrators
19th-century English painters
English male painters
20th-century English painters
Alumni of the Heatherley School of Fine Art
Members of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours
Magazine illustrators

masks:
Gordon Frederick Browne
Hablot Knight Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Gordon Browne
Browne
Gordon Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Death Browne
Gordon Browne
Browne
Gordon Browne
Gordon Browne
Gordon Browne
Browne
Browne


texts:
<mask><mask>  (born 1 May 1968) has been Professor in Digital Humanities at the University of Glasgow since 2015. From 2016 to 2019, she oversaw the redevelopment of the Information Studies subject area (previously HATII, the Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute.) The re-launch was marked by an international symposium at the University of Glasgow in 2017. <mask> studied at the University of Glasgow, where she completed a MPhil in History and Computing. Her Master's research on the structure and contingencies of data in seventeenth century Scottish landholding charters was used in the first edition of the TEI Guidelines in 1990. <mask>'s research addresses the creation of digital cultural heritage, and the use and re-use of digital collections for research, teaching, and public engagement. She has a specific interest in the conceptualisation, development, implementation and categorisation of digital methods in the humanities, and the collaborations between the humanities and scientific disciplines that drive this agenda.Amongst her publications, she is the author of Digitizing Collections: Strategic Issues for the Information Manager, published by Facet in 2004, and editor of Digital Collections: Use, Value and Impact, published by Facet in 2011. She is the co-editor of The Virtual Representation of the Past (with <mask>) published by Ashgate in 2008; and Cultural Heritage Infrastructures in Digital Humanities, (with Agiatis Benardou, Erik Champion, and Costis Dallas. Her digital outputs include “Rhyfel Byd 1914-1918 a’r profiad Cymreig / Welsh experience of the First World War 1914-1918”. National Library of Wales, and the digital archive and performance: “The Snows of Yesteryear: Narrating extreme weather”, National Library of Wales/Aberystwyth University. She has made numerous media appearances, including BBC Radio 4's Today discussing sustainability of digital cultural heritage. <mask> was elected to the Academia Europaea (Academy of Europe) in 2020. Career

<mask> has worked in digital humanities, and on the development of hybrid digital collections based on material culture held by memory institutions, at several organisations in the US and UK.In 2015, she was Chair in Digital Humanities at the School of Advanced Study, University of London. From 2011-15, she was the University of Wales Chair in Digital Collections, the world’s first Chair in Digital Collections, based in the National Library of Wales, holding three chairs in one year. She has also held digital humanities posts at New York University, Oxford University, King's College London, and Arizona State University. Collaborative research

<mask>'s research is intensely collaborative, and practice led. In her inaugural lecture at the University of Glasgow, on 24 February 2018, she stated that "I’ve not just seen but lived how digital humanities is, by its very nature, collaborative: I’ve had the pleasure of conducting research with colleagues from the, arts, humanities, and sciences; from cultural heritage and other research organisations, and with developers, funders, data scientists and technical experts…the collaborative building and making of digital cultural heritage bridges the interdiscplinarity and experimentation of the digital humanities, and the creation and management of information in cultural heritage, and enables a theoretical and practice-led critical framework for the production and consumption of knowledge in a digital age". <mask> has had leading roles - as Primary Investigator, or co-Investigator - over twenty funded research projects, including The Snows of Yesteryear: Narrating Extreme Weather, the digital archive The Welsh Experience of the First World War; the EPSRC-AHRC Scottish National Heritage Partnership; the Living Legacies 1914-18 Engagement Centre, Listening and British cultures: listeners' responses to music in Britain, c. 1700-2018, and the EU DESIR project (DARIAH Digital Sustainability). With Alistair Dunning and Agiatis Benardou, <mask> established Europeana Research, and since 2015 she has been Chair of the Europeana Research Advisory Board, she is a member of the Governing Board  of EuroScience, and became  vice-president in 2018.She was the Chair of the European Science Foundation (ESF) Network for Digital Methods in the Arts and Humanities, and is a former secretary of the Alliance of Digital Humanities Organisations (ADHO), and former President of the Association for Computers and the Humanities (ACH). <mask> has had visiting positions at the University of Graz, and a Visiting Scientist at the Digital Curation Unit, Athena Research Institute, Greece. National Library of Wales
From 2011 to 2015 <mask> was University of Wales Chair in Digital Collections, a unique post funded by the University of Wales and based in the National Library of Wales. In this post, she established a Research Programme in Digital Collections, which included documentary heritage and material culture in Welsh collections. In parallel with her Chair based in NLW, <mask> held a fellowship at the University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies. Cymru1914.org
One of the major projects <mask> developed at NLW was “Rhyfel Byd 1914-1918 a’r profiad Cymreig / Welsh experience of the First World War 1914-1918”. This digital archive is an integrated collection of materials relating to the impact of the First World War on all aspects of Welsh life, from the archives and special collections of Wales.The project was funded by the Jisc e-content programme as a mass digitisation initiative, and launched by the Welsh Government Minister of Culture, John Griffith, in 2013. <mask> documented the development of the project as an open, co-produced digital resource, via a blog and via a process of participatory design, bringing digital humanities principles to the creation of a digital archive. She also worked with key communities to ensure that the archive would be re-used – and therefore sustained – and that it played a key role in the Welsh First World War Centenary activities, working closely with Wales Remembers, the national programme for the commemoration of the First World War. Cymru1914.org was one of the first projects announced by First Minister Carwyn Jones when he launched Wales Remembers in 2012. The digital archive has been used extensively. Paul O’Leary at Aberystwyth University has used the content to develop an Omeka-based digital exhibition on the Great War and the Valleys, exploring the impact on civilians of "Total War". It also enabled the artist Bedwyr Williams to create the sound and video installation Traw, commissioned as a public artwork by 14-18-NOW.The work contained images of unknown recruits and conscripts from Llandeilo and Ammanford, digitised from the D.C. Harries Collection of glass plate negatives held by the National Library of Wales. It has been used to visualise the references to Belgian Refugees in Wales from 1914 to 1918. The AHRC has also recently awarded funding to a project that will enable further linking material in cymru1914.org with data from other archives relating to Belgian refugees. References

Living people
Academics of the University of Glasgow
People in digital humanities
1968 births

masks:
Lorna M
. Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Mark Greengrass
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes


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<mask> (1892–1976) was a French writer, painter and Kabbalah author. He was born the 12 May 1892 in Alexandria, Egypt of a very old Sephardi family that arrived in Spain probably with the Arab conquest. The ancestors of his Sephardi Jewish family had been expelled from Spain in 1492 during the Inquisition and found refuge in Tuscany, Italy before emigrating to and settling in Egypt in the 18th century. Expelled from Egypt and dispossessed, he settled in Paris and became a French Citizen. He had a diploma in architecture from the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, and he painted a great deal, having "in true Kabbalistic spirit" sought to discover - and found - a synthesis of light. He died in Paris the 16 July 1976. Biography

Between 1910 and 1914, he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris.His studies were interrupted by illness and he had to return to Egypt to take care of a heart condition (endocarditis). In 1914, his younger brother died. In 1915, while believing himself to be a French national, <mask> received an order of mobilization by Italy. He did not enlist for one year due to his heart condition, but later served from 1916 to 1918 in the Artillery. After the war, he returned to the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and obtained a Degree in architecture in 1920. On December 12, 1922, he married Nadine Tilche. <mask> studied etching in Florence with Celestino Celestini.In 1923, he established a bond of friendship with Jiddu Krishnamurti which lasted for 40 years. Between 1920 and 1924, he practiced architecture in Cairo, Alexandria and in Jaffa. The Writer

Between 1926 and 1927, while in Alexandria Suarès published and co-edited with Elian J. Finbert "Messages d'Orient", a Review on Eastern and Far-Eastern matters. In 1928, he published in Paris Sur un Orgue de Barbarie. From 1928 to 1939, <mask>, in collaboration with Mme de Manziarly published and co-edited in Paris "Les Cahiers de l'Etoile", a monthly review. Publications included texts from Joe Bousquet, Le Corbusier, Krishnamurti, Benjamin Fondane. This was the beginning of a long correspondence with Joë Bousquet.In 1929, L'Homme et le Moi Selon Krishnamurti was published in Paris. <mask> wrote a number of literary critiques, several volumes, such as Le Mythe Judéo-Chrétien, Krishnamurti et l'Unité Humaine, which <mask> translated into French and many other translations into French of Krishnamurt's talks and writings. In 1930, he published La Nouvelle Création, an essay written as a response to a query on the «pacte avec le diable» launched in the Volume 2 of the René Daumal's "Grand Jeu" publication. A collaborative exchange of notes with René Daumal and Joë Bousquet for the publication of an essay on «dialectique du moi» was published under the title of "La Comédie Psychologique". Most of this correspondence was published in 1955, as a preamble to Critique de la Raison Impure. When the publication of Cahiers de l'Etoile stopped, it is in the Carnets mensuels that La fin du Grand Mythe was published. In 1945, <mask> started to write again and among his more notable works are: Critique de la Raison Impure, La Kabale des Kabales, De Quelques Apprentis-Sorciers, and the Qabala Trilogy: The Cipher of Genesis, The Song of Songs, and The Sepher Yetzira (Shambhala Publication Inc.).As a writer and philosopher <mask> spent forty years of his life studying the Qabala. <mask> met the physicists Jack Sarfatti and Fred Alan Wolf in Paris in 1973 and gave them lessons in his metaphysical ideas. Suares records these meetings in his book The Sepher Yetsira (Shambhala	1976). Sarfatti and Wolf are major figures in MIT physics professor David Kaiser's award-winning book, How The Hippies Saved Physics. Suares's idea to "smash the wall of light" influenced Sarfatti's ideas on post-quantum physics. In 1940, being in Egypt and considering his career as a writer to be finished, he turned to painting for research into composition of light, which he expressed by using turquoise blue and rose mauve as the basic colors of his palette. It took him fifteen years of intense work to master his new technique.During this period he wrote his essay on painting L'Hyperbole Chromatique (the Chromatic Hyperbola), was published in 1957 and translated into English soon after. <mask>' paintings previous to 1958 are figurative. Some are of African inspiration (somewhat surrealistic). Some are inspired by the Bible, other are compositions. Many of these paintings are in Egypt at present. In 1958 <mask> suddenly realized that his painting and his Qabala were just two aspects of his one aim in life: the rebirth of creative spontaneity. In painting, according to him, this means a special projection or color as light, arranged in such a way as to arouse in the eyes of the spectator a movement, both in width and in depth, and thereby help the psyche in its inner investigations.Such an art is obviously bound to eliminate every figure, even geometrical. <mask> thus hopes that his painting will be a contribution to the great spiritual values, (religious, in the deepest sense of the word) which lie in non-figurative painting. Painting activities

1939-45
In Egypt during the war, <mask> devoted himself to painting. One-man exhibition in Cairo
 Two in Alexandria
 Oils in Cairo, Alexandria, São Paulo (Brazil) museums
 Paintings sold to different collections

1946-58 in Paris
One-man exhibitions:
 Galeries Ariel, 2 consecutive years
 Galeries Colette Allendy
 Galerie Suzanne de Coninck
 One oil acquired by Musée d'Art Moderne Paris 50x30 inches

1957
Wrote "l'Hyperbole Chromatique" (a grammar of painting), to explain his new synthesis of light. That text is well known in different European counties and has been reprinted by the official French Review "Couleurs". It has recently been translated into English as: The Chromatic Hyperbola". 1958
The French government sends to Warsaw (Poland) one hundred paintings representative of French Art (one painting for each artist).One oil chosen and given an important place in the Catalogue. 1962
Gallery Rose Freid, NY acquires a couple of paintings (some others left in deposit). Following Mrs. Freid's death, the remaining paintings were brought back to Paris. 1965
Invited by the museum of Modern Art, Santa Barbara, California, for one-man exhibition. Sells in California about 10 paintings, oils and tempra. 1963
Exhibition of black and white view of NY at the "Procope" in Paris. Standing in Paris are approximately 150 oils belonging to the first figurative period, shipped for the exhibition before confiscation by the Egyptian government of all personal belongings, including more than 100 oils.Also, 300 non-figurative oils painted in Pairs; a series of 20 called "l'Art du Chromatisme", illustrating the "Hyperbole Chromatique", and 150 drawings and water colors. See also
Esoteric Subjects
<mask>: Bibliography: Published Works in French and English

1892 births
1976 deaths
People from Alexandria
Egyptian Sephardi Jews
20th-century French painters
20th-century male artists
French male painters
Kabbalists
Egyptian emigrants to France

masks:
Carlo Giuseppe Suarès
Suarès
Carlo
Carlo Suarès
Carlo Suarès
Suarès
Suarès
Carlo Suarès
Carlo Suares
Suarès
Suarès
Suarès
Carlo Suarès
Carlo Suares


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<mask> (), full name <mask>-<mask> (), known as <mask> () and also known as "Master of all in all" (), who was nicknamed "the disciple of mankind" () because of the many masters he acquired knowledge in their presence, was one of the great Iranian jurists of Isfahan jurisprudential school (born in 1607 in Khansar, died in 1687 in Isfahan) in the 11th century AH, who was also engaged in philosophy and wisdom. He was one of the high level scholars during the reign of Sultan Suleiman of the Safavid dynasty and after the death of Mir Seyyed Mohammad Masoom in 1683, he became the Shaykh al-Islām of Isfahan. His children are Jamaluddin Mohammad known as <mask>i and Raziauddin Mohammad known as <mask>i. Life and educations

<mask> was born on 1607 in Khansar, Iran. Before reaching the age of puberty, <mask> went to Isfahan to study Islamic sciences and studied at Khajeh Molk School of Isfahan Seminary. In Isfahan, he used the presence of many professors and for this reason he called himself "the disciple of mankind" which refers to the multiplicity of his professors. He studied the rational sciences under the tutelage of Mir Fendereski and the traditional sciences under the tutelage of Mohammad Taghi Majlesi, Khalifeh Soltan, Mohammad Bagher Sabzevari, Heydar Khansari and ... . <mask>i had important permits in review and issuance of Islamic scientific content, including the permission of about 20 pages from Mohammad Taghi Majlesi.Although he was afflicted with poverty during his studies, he eventually reached the point where Shah Suleiman entrusted him with the position of viceroy and overseer on the monarchy and the care of state affairs. He was proficient in rational and traditional sciences and, according to Mirza Abdollah Afandi Isfahani, was a "supporter of the scholars." From the point of view of others
Ali Khamenei, the current Supreme Leader of Iran, has said about the Khansari family:

Morteza Motahhari, has said about <mask> <mask> Khansari:

Political and social activity
<mask> <mask> Khansari had a special place in the government of Shah Suleiman, so that when the Shah traveled, he asked <mask> <mask> Khansari to run the government affairs as his viceroy; And <mask> <mask> Khansari had accepted. Another prominent feature of <mask> <mask> Khansari was his refuge for the poor and helpless, and he made great efforts to meet the needs of the people. Religious career
<mask> <mask> <mask> taught in both the rational and traditional categories and has trained prominent students in the field of Islamic sciences, including:

 Al-Hurr al-Amili
 Nematollah Jazayeri
 Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi
 Mohammad Saleh <mask> Khatoon Abadi, who studied with him for 20 years. Mohammad Bagher <mask> Khatoon Abadi
 Agha <mask>, his son. <mask> Razi <mask>, his other son.Sheikh Jafar Qazi
 Mirza Mohammad ibn Hassan Shirvani
 Mullah Mohammad Jafar Sabzevari
 Mohammad ibn Abdolfattah Tonekaboni
 Alireza Shirazi, who was a great poet. Mirza Abdollah Afandi

Bibliography
<mask> <mask> Khansari was a prolific writer and left many works. His writings can be divided into 3 categories:

Printed works
 Masharegh al-Shomoos fi Sharhe al-Doroos (,  The Golden Tips in the Explanation of the Doroos): His famous book in Islamic jurisprudence, which is a commentary on the book of Al-Doroos written by Muhammad Jamaluddin al-Makki al-Amili (1334–1385). This book is incomplete and <mask> <mask> <mask> has not succeeded in completing the description of the news of The Twelve Imams and the speeches of the Twelver jurists in each topic. Mohammad Bagher Khansari in his book Rawdat Al-Janat has said that this book is unique in terms of the number of researches. This book has been published twice in 1888 and 1893 in Tehran. His sons <mask> Jamaluddin and <mask> Raziauddin are also buried there, in a tomb named Khansari Mausoleum.See also
 Mohammad Ibrahim Kalbasi
 Mirza-ye Qomi
 Zakaria ibn Idris Ash'ari Qomi
 Seyyed Mohammad Hojjat Kooh Kamari
 Ahmad ibn Ishaq Ash'ari Qomi
 Zakaria ibn Adam Ash'ari Qomi
 Sayyed Ibrahim Estahbanati
 Aqa Najafi Quchani

References

External links
 Das Grabmal von <mask> <mask> Khansari - IranKultur
 Takht-e Foulad - Agha Hossein Khansari mausoleum

1607 births
1687 deaths
Iranian Shia clerics
Shia clerics
Shia scholars of Islam
People from Khansar
17th-century Iranian people
Burials at Takht-e Foulad
17th-century people of Safavid Iran

masks:
Agha Hossein Khansari
Hossein ibn Jamal al
Din Mohammad Khansari
Mohaghegh Khansari
Agha Jamal Khansar
Agha Razi Khansar
Agha Hossein Khansari
Agha Hossein
Agha Hossein Khansar
Agha
Hossein
Agha
Hossein
Agha
Hossein
Agha
Hossein
Agha
Hossein
Agha
Hossein
Khansari
Hosseini
Hosseini
Jamal Khansari
Agha
Khansari
Agha
Hossein
Agha
Hossein
Khansari
Agha
Agha
Agha
Hossein


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<mask><mask>" <mask> (born June 3, 1946) is a dentist in Bryan, Texas, and a  Republican former member of the Texas State Board of Education (SBOE). The SBOE establishes policy for the state public school system. Dr. <mask>, who represented SBOE District 9 (Bryan and College Station), served on the board from 1998 until 2011. <mask> was appointed in 2007 as SBOE chairman by Governor Rick Perry. The term ended in February 2009. Education and personal life
McLeroy received a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering from Texas A&M University in College Station (EE degrees traditionally allow no credit for social science courses), and his D.D.S. from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.McLeroy formerly served as a first lieutenant in the United States Army. In 1976, McLeroy married the former Nancy Fleming, and the couple has two sons. Before being appointed chairman, McLeroy was vice chairman of the Texas State Board of Education. He has been a board member of the Bryan Independent School District and is a board member of Aggieland Pregnancy Outreach, which is a Christian adoption organization for "families who have a love for Jesus Christ." McLeroy volunteers with the Boy Scouts of America and Gideons International. He is an Elder and Sunday school teacher at Grace Bible Church in College Station, where he espouses creationism in the biblical perspective. He believes Christians who accept evolution show a "lack of consistency."Public service
When McLeroy ran for Texas State Board of Education in 1998, he defeated a Democrat, Mary Delk, 145,556 (55 percent) to 119,149 (45 percent). McLeroy's strongest counties were his own Brazos as well as Montgomery and Smith counties. In 2002, McLeroy won his second term by defeating the Democrat Dean W. Woodard, 193,454 (63.4 percent) to 111,909 (36.6 percent). In 2006, he defeated Democrat Maggie Charleton, a retired teacher from College Station, 192,218 (59.6 percent) to 130,375 (40.4 percent), who was the choice of the teacher associations. McLeroy's term on the board expired in January 2011. <mask> was appointed Chair of the SBOE on July 17, 2007, by Governor Perry for a term that expired on February 1, 2009. In February 2009, he was reappointed by Perry to a term ending February 1, 2011.However, during a two-hour hearing before the Senate Nomination Committee, McLeroy's reappointment ran into trouble. On May 28, 2009, his appointment failed to receive the necessary 2/3 majority vote of the Senate with only 19 of 31 Senators voting to approve, 11 voting to reject, and one abstaining. Texas State Board of Education
McLeroy has been criticized by scientists and lauded by conservatives for his actions on the Texas Board of Education. Governor Perry reappointed <mask>, an advocate of creationism, as chairman to a second extend until February 1, 2011, but on May 28, 2009, the Texas Senate rejected the re-appointment; although the vote was 19-11 in favor with one member abstaining (along party lines; all 19 Senate members voting to reappoint were Republicans, while all 11 Senate members voting to reject and the one abstaining member were Democrats) the reappointment required a 2/3 majority for approval. McLeroy lost re-election to a moderate in the Republican primary in March 2010. <mask> was narrowly defeated for renomination to the SBOE in the Republican primary held on March 2, 2010. He lost to Moderate Republican Robert Thomas Ratliff (born c. 1967), then of Kyle in Hays County, a son of former State Senator and Lieutenant Governor Bill Ratliff of Mount Pleasant.<mask> received 57,528 votes (49.6 percent) to Ratliff's 58,388 (50.4 percent). <mask>'s tenure on the SBOE is chronicled in the 2012 documentary The Revisionaries. McLeroy is known for his criticism of evolution and has tried to convince textbook publishers to demonstrate what he considers the weaknesses of the theory of evolution. The board can refuse to place materials it disagrees with on the state-approved list. If school districts want textbooks not on the list, the districts must purchase such materials entirely from their own funds. The SBOE thus selects the textbooks for the entire state's 4.7 million schoolchildren, where in most other states this selection is made in individual school districts. As a result, it "has outsized influence over the reading material used in classrooms nationwide, since publishers craft their standard textbooks based on the specs of the biggest buyers."Kathy Miller, president of the Texas Freedom Network, said that McLeroy dragged the Texas State Board of Education into a series of "divisive and unnecessary culture-war battles". In 2001, McLeroy voted to reject the only advanced placement textbook for environmental science proposed for Texas high schools even though panels of experts – including one from Texas A&M – found the textbook free of errors. Baylor University in Waco used the same textbook. In 2003, McLeroy led efforts by proponents the pseudosciences of creationism and intelligent design to de-emphasize discussion of evolution in proposed new biology textbooks. He was one of only four board members who voted against biology textbooks that year that included a full account of evolution. Over objections by his critics in 2004, McLeroy voted to approve health textbooks that stress "abstinence-only" in regard to instruction about pregnancy and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. In 2005, McLeroy conducted a sermon in his church, in which he said naturalism is "the enemy" and questioned: "Why is Intelligent Design the big tent?Because we’re all lined up against the fact that naturalism, that nature is all there is. Whether you're a progressive creationist, recent creationist, young earth, old earth, it's all in the tent of Intelligent Design." According to a 2008 article in The New York Times, "Dr. McLeroy believes that Earth's appearance is a recent geologic event — thousands of years old, not 4.5 billion. 'I believe a lot of incredible things,' he said, 'The most incredible thing I believe is the Christmas story. That little baby born in the manger was the God that created the universe.'" McLeroy's statements regarding science have been criticized. McLeroy and other Board members who want to challenge evolution have received criticism from more than fifty scientific organizations over an attempt to weaken the currently-accepted science standards on the theory of evolution.In particular, biologist Kenneth R. Miller called <mask>'s statements on science "breathtakingly" incorrect. In March 2008, McLeroy was criticized for racially and culturally insensitive remarks saying: "What good does it do to put a Chinese story in an English book? ... So you really don't want Chinese books with a bunch of crazy Chinese words in them." He later apologized. In 2009, McLeroy spoke at a board meeting using several quotes from scientists to discredit evolution. A biology teacher later found the quotes incomplete, out of context, and/or incorrectly taken from a creationist website.McLeroy said that while "some of the material was taken from the creationist site […] a lot of the quotes I did get on my own." McLeroy appeared on the Comedy Central program the Colbert Report in April 2012 wherein he said "In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth, and when I looked at the evidence for evolution, I found it unconvincing so I don't think he used evolution to do it, that's my big deal." On May 28, 2009, <mask>'s nomination as board chair failed to gain state Senate approval. Only nineteen of the thirty-one state senators voted for him, two votes short of the 2/3 majority needed for approval. Gail Lowe became the new chair (since then Barbara Cargill), but McLeroy continued to dominate board meetings in what Russell Shorto described as "a single-handed display of arch-conservative political strong-arming." In an interview in October 2009, McLeroy explained his approach to public school history textbook evaluation: "... we are a Christian nation founded on Christian principles. The way I evaluate history textbooks is first I see how they cover Christianity and Israel.Then I see how they treat Ronald Reagan — he needs to get credit for saving the world from communism and for the good economy over the last twenty years because he lowered taxes." McLeroy also did an interview about the hearings and the documentary on The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe. In 2013, Thomas Ratliff, the board vice chair, described the body as "far different" in political complexion than it was under <mask>'s leadership. Even though Republicans hold two thirds of the seats on the board, social conservatives are no longer a majority. And starting in 2011 school districts could begin ordering textbooks and materials not on the BSOE-approved list. In September 2013, McLeroy returned to Austin to speak before the board he had once chaired to renew his objections to evolution and to support a series of science textbooks being considered for adoption. "What we see in the world around us supports what the Bible says, but what we see in these books supports what the Bible says too," said McLeroy, who contends that the books under consideration will permit the students to see for themselves the weakness of the evolutionary evidence.References

External links
 Videos of <mask>'s statements from National Center for Science Education
 Video of <mask>y being interviewed on ABC News from American Broadcasting Company

1946 births
Living people
American Christian creationists
Intelligent design advocates
School board members in Texas
Texas Republicans
American dentists
People from Bryan, Texas
Texas A&M University alumni
United States Army officers
American Christians
Military personnel from Texas

masks:
John Donald "
Don
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
McLeroy
Don McLeroy
Don McLero


texts:
<mask> ((baptised) 3 November 1611 – 26 November 1651) was an English general in the Parliamentarian army during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, and the son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell. He died of disease outside Limerick in November 1651. Personal details
Ireton was the eldest son of a German Ireton of Attenborough, Nottinghamshire, and was baptised in St Mary's Church on 3 November 1611. He became a gentleman commoner of Trinity College, Oxford, in 1626, graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1629, and entered the Middle Temple the same year. English Civil War
On the outbreak of the First English Civil War, he joined the parliamentary army, fighting at the Battle of Edgehill in October 1642, and at the Battle of Gainsborough in July 1643. He was made deputy-governor of the Isle of Ely by Cromwell and served under Earl of Manchester in the Yorkshire campaign and at the second Battle of Newbury, afterwards supporting Cromwell in his accusations of incompetency against the Earl. On the night before the Battle of Naseby, in June 1645, Ireton succeeded in surprising the Royalist army and captured many prisoners.The next day, on the suggestion of Cromwell, he was made commissary-general and appointed to the command of the left wing, with Cromwell himself commanding the right. The wing under Ireton was completely broken by the impetuous charge of Rupert, and Ireton was wounded and taken prisoner, but Cromwell charged and successfully routed the Royalists, freeing prisoners including Ireton. Ireton was at the siege of Bristol in September 1645, and took part in the subsequent campaign that succeeded in overthrowing the royal cause. On 30 October 1645, Ireton entered parliament as member for Appleby. On 15 June 1646, during the siege of Oxford he married Bridget Cromwell, eldest daughter of Oliver Cromwell. The marriage brought Ireton's career into parallel with Cromwell's. Political views and debates over the future of the monarchy
Ireton was initially a moderate.At the Putney Debates, he opposed extremism, disliked the views of the Republicans and the Levellers, which he considered impractical and dangerous to the foundations of society, and wished to retain the constitution of King, Lords, and Commons. He argued for these in the negotiations of the army with Parliament, and in the conferences with the king, being the person chiefly entrusted with the drawing up of the army proposals, including the manifesto called "The Heads of the Proposals", which proposed a constitutional monarchy. He tried to prevent the breach between the army and parliament, but when it happened, he supported the negotiations with the king until his actions made him unpopular. Ireton finally became convinced of the hopelessness of dealing with King Charles, and after the king's flight to the Isle of Wight, treated his further proposals with coldness and urged the parliament to establish an administration without him. Ireton served under Thomas Fairfax in the second civil war in the campaigns, in Kent and Essex, although Fairfax, as Lord General, and not Ireton as is sometimes believed, was responsible for the executions of Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle at Colchester. After the rejection by the king of the last offers of the army, Ireton zealously supported bringing him to trial. He wrote the Army's statement about the regicide—the Remonstrance of the Army—with Hugh Peters.He was active in the choice to purge rather than re-elect Parliament and supported the second Leveller Agreement of the People. He sat on the king's trial and was one of the commissioners who signed the death warrant. Irish campaign and death
Ireton's regiment was chosen by lot to accompany Cromwell in his Irish campaign. Ireton arrived in Dublin two days after Cromwell on 17 August 1649, with 77 ships full of troops and supplies. <mask> was appointed major-general and after the conquest of the south of Ireland, Lord President of Munster. He went over with John Cook with a brief to reform the law of Ireland, to anglicise it, and to make it a model for a new settlement of English law. In May 1650, Cromwell was recalled to England to command a Parliamentary force preparing to invade Scotland, and Ireton assumed command of the New Model Army in Ireland with the title and powers of Lord Deputy to complete the conquest of the country.This he proceeded to do, becoming noted as much by the savagery of his methods as for his military skill. By the middle of 1650, Ireton and his commanders faced two problems. One was the capture of the remaining cities held by the Irish Confederate and Royalists forces. The other was an escalating guerrilla war in the countryside as Irish fighters called tories attacked his supply lines. Ireton appealed to the English Parliament to publish lenient surrender terms for Irish Catholics, to end their resistance, but this was refused. His first action after the refusal was to mount a counter-guerrilla expedition into the Wicklow Mountains early in June 1650, to secure his lines of supply for the Siege of Waterford in south-east Ireland. Ireton then blockaded Waterford into surrender by August 1650.Ireton systematically constructed trenches to bring his siege guns within range of the walls and stationed a parliamentary fleet off the city to prevent it being supplied. Thomas Preston surrendered Waterford after a three-month siege. Ireton then advanced to Limerick by October, but had to call off the siege due to cold and bad weather. Early in 1651, Ireton ordered that areas harbouring the guerrillas should be systematically stripped of food – a scorched-earth policy that caused a famine in Ireland by the end of the year. Ireton returned to Limerick in June 1651 and besieged the city for five months until it surrendered in October 1651. At the same time, parliamentarian forces conducted the Siege of Galway, and Ireton rode to inspect the command of Charles Coote, who was blockading that city. The physical strain of his command took hold on Ireton and he fell ill.

After the capture of Limerick, Ireton had dignitaries of Limerick hanged for their defence of the city, including Alderman Thomas Stritch, Bishop Turlough O'Brien, and an English Royalist officer, Colonel Fennell.He also wanted the Irish commander, Hugh Dubh O'Neill hanged, but Edmund Ludlow cancelled the order after Ireton's death. Ireton fell ill of the plague that was raging through the town, and died on 26 November. His loss reportedly "struck a great sadness into Cromwell" and he was considered a great loss to the administration. There are various anecdotes about his demise from Irish ecclesiastical and English royalist sources. Thus, his death has been depicted as divine punishment for the execution of Bishop O'Brien, who prior to his death had called upon Ireton to answer at God's judgment seat for his murders; the Hibernica Dominicana claims that on his death bed, Ireton was "privately muttering to himself 'I never gave the aid of my counsel towards the murder of that bishop; never, never; it was the council of war did it… I wish I had never seen this popish bishop'." Philip Warwick stated that among Ireton's last words were "blood! blood!I must have more blood!". At Ireton's funeral, in Westminster Abbey, John Watson and others wore new tabards that replaced the royal arms with the new arms of the commonwealth. Family
By his wife, Bridget Cromwell, Ireton left one son, <mask> (circa 1652–1711), and four daughters, one of whom, Bridget Bendish (she married Thomas Bendish in 1670) is said to have compromised herself in the Rye House Plot of 1683, as did <mask>. Ireton's widow Bridget afterwards married General Charles Fleetwood. Another daughter, Elizabeth, married Thomas Polhill; their son was David Polhill. Posthumous execution
On 30 January 1661, following the Restoration of the English monarchy of 1660, Charles II had Ireton's corpse exhumed from Westminster and mutilated in a posthumous execution, along with those of Cromwell and John Bradshaw, in retribution for signing his father's death warrant. The date was symbolic, being the 12th anniversary of the execution of Charles I.

Memorials
A blue plaque was affixed to Ireton's birthplace at Church Lane in Attenborough, on 22 June 2011, by the Beeston and District Local History Society with the following text:
"General <mask>on lawyer, confederate and son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell born here 1611 died Limerick 1651".The town of Ireton, Iowa, United States was named after <mask>on. Ireton Avenue in Beeston near to Attenborough is named after General Ireton. Ireton Road in Market Harborough was also named after <mask>on, whilst Ireton Way is now a very straight part of the A142 between Ely and Chatteris, built by Ireton when he was commanding East Anglian forces as a causeway across the flooded Fens around the Ouse river to rush troops and supplies over when resisting Royalist attack from Lincolnshire and the Midlands. There is an Ireton Street in Belfast, Northern Ireland, which runs parallel to a Cromwell Road. Also, an Ireton Road is in Colchester. This adjoins Honywood Road, named after Sir Thomas Honywood, who led the Essex forces at the Siege of Colchester under the command of Thomas Fairfax. An Ireton Avenue exists in Walton-on-Thames as well as 'Ireton's House' on the high street.'Ireton's House' was gifted to <mask> by Oliver Cromwell after the marriage to Bridget Cromwell. His portrait continues to hang in the dining hall of Trinity College, Oxford. Fictional portrayals
In the 1970 film Cromwell, Michael Jayston plays Ireton as a subtle but well-meaning manipulator who hates Charles I and pushes Cromwell into actions, which Cromwell at first considers neither desirable nor possible, but then pursues all the way. This version of Ireton is ready to denounce the king and plunge England into civil war before Cromwell becomes convinced that this is a necessary step. In the film, Cromwell and he are also among the five members whom Charles I attempts to arrest on the eve of the war (when in fact they were not), and after the King is executed, is upbraided by Cromwell as being too ambitious. No mention is made in the film of Ireton marrying Cromwell's daughter. Ireton is portrayed as a minor character in Rosemary Sutcliff's 1953 historical fiction novel Simon.Ireton is the main character in John Attenborough's 1987 historical fiction novel Destiny Our Choice, which gives a generally positive view of Ireton, claiming that he was influential in saving the life of Hugh O'Neill after the Siege of Limerick in 1650–51. Notes

References
 Firth, C. H. in Dictionary of National Biography. Citing:
 Wood's Ath. Oxon. iii 298
 Cornelius Brown's Lives of Noted Worthies, 181
 Clarke Papers published by the Camden Society
 Gardiner's History of the Civil War and of the Commonwealth
 Article by Barbara Taft in Jason Peacey 'Regicide and Republicanism'
 Dean, J.L. (1990): <mask>, the Mosaic Law, and Morality in English Civil Politics from April 1646 to May 1649, Cambridge University M. Litt Dissertation
 Hayton, David et al (2002). The House of Commons, 1690-1715, Volume 1, Cambridge University Press, ,
 David Farr, <mask> and the English Revolution (Woodbridge, Boydell & Brewer, 2006).Attribution

New Model Army generals
English revolutionaries
Cromwellian Ireland
Roundheads
Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford
People from Attenborough, Nottinghamshire
Regicides of Charles I
People convicted under a bill of attainder
1611 births
1651 deaths
English MPs 1640–1648
Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
Military personnel of the English Civil War
Members of the Middle Temple

masks:
Henry Ireton
Ireton
Henry Ireton
Henry
Henry Iret
Henry Iret
Henry Iret
Henry Ireton
Henry Ireton
Henry Ireton