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Tauheed K. Epps (born September 12, 1977), known professionally as <mask>, is an American rapper. Born and raised in College Park, Georgia, he initially gained recognition for being one-half of the Southern hip hop duo Playaz Circle, alongside his longtime friend and fellow rapper Earl "Dolla Boy" Conyers. The duo was signed to fellow Georgia-based rapper Ludacris' Disturbing tha Peace label, and are best known for their debut single "Duffle Bag Boy" (featuring Lil Wayne). In February 2012, Epps signed a solo record deal with Def Jam Recordings, an imprint of Universal Music Group. The following August, he released his debut studio album Based on a T.R.U. Story on August 14, 2012, to commercial success despite mixed reviews. The album spawned three successful singles: "No Lie" (featuring Drake), "Birthday Song" (featuring Kanye West), and "I'm Different", all of which charted in the top 50 of the Billboard Hot 100 and were certified Gold or higher by the RIAA, along with the album being certified Gold.His second studio album B.O.A.T.S. II: Me Time was released on September 11, 2013; supported by the lead single "Feds Watching" (featuring Pharrell Williams). Epps began working with TV network Viceland on a show called Most Expensivest, which debuted on November 15, 2017, and aired for three seasons. Early life
2 Chainz was born Tauheed Epps in College Park, Georgia. He attended North Clayton High School, where he played basketball and graduated second in his class. While in high school, he dealt marijuana and was arrested for felony cocaine possession when he was 15 years old. College basketball career
He later attended Alabama State University on a scholarship, and played on its basketball team from 1995 to 1997.When asked by Rolling Stone about longstanding rumors that he had graduated from Alabama State with a 4.0 GPA, which had been widely reported on many sources including Wikipedia, 2 Chainz said: "Don't believe anything on Wack-ipedia. There's a lot of false stuff on there, to the point that every time I try to fix one thing, something else comes out." In fact, he transferred to Virginia State University due to circumstances he was reluctant to speak about. "I got into some trouble, went somewhere else, and came back. But I graduated, and that's that. That was then," he said. Statistics

Musical career

1997–2010: Playaz Circle and Disturbing tha Peace
Epps formed the hip hop duo Playaz Circle (the word "Playaz" being a bacronym for "Preparing Legal Assets for Years from A to Z") in College Park, Georgia in 1997, with his high school friend Earl Conyers (known as Dolla Boy), while Epps adopted "Tity Boi" as his moniker.Following the release of an independent album titled United We Stand, United We Fall (2002), the duo was introduced to fellow Atlanta rapper Ludacris when he moved into their College Park apartment complex while he was acting as a DJ. After taking interest in Playaz Circle, Ludacris began to record several songs with the group, playing some of them on his radio station. Ludacris soon became one of the highest-selling rappers in the Southern United States. After hearing of their situation, Ludacris requested of Epps that the duo join his newly formed record label Disturbing Tha Peace, a subsidiary of Def Jam Recordings. Epps agreed to sign, although Conyers did not officially join the label until his mother regained her health a year after the initial signing. The duo's debut album Supply & Demand, was released on October 30, 2007. The lead single and the duo's debut single, "Duffle Bag Boy", became an urban hit single.The song features Lil Wayne, and was performed by the duo at the BET Hip Hop Awards. The duo released its second studio album Flight 360: The Takeoff, on September 29, 2009. In January 2010, Playaz Circle filmed a music video for the single "Big Dawg" featuring Lil Wayne and Birdman at Studio Space Atlanta. Shortly afterwards, Epps left Disturbing tha Peace, a move he claimed was taken in order to advance his career. Although Ludacris was initially reluctant to allow Epps to leave the label (as he felt Epps could still prove financially successful), he eventually accepted the decision. 2011–12: Name change and Based on a T.R.U. Story
Epp's has sometimes faced criticism of sexism for his original pseudonym "Tity Boi", although he has repeatedly denied such accusations.In early 2011, Epps decided to change his stage name to <mask>, as he perceived it to be more "family friendly." Following the name change, Epps released a mixtape titled T.R.U. REALigion, which became his first mixtape to appear on the music charts, peaking at number 58 on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Since the success of the mixtape, Epps has made numerous guest appearances on tracks by prominent recording artists such as Kanye West ("Mercy") and Nicki Minaj ("Beez in the Trap"). On March 24, 2012, Epps announced his debut studio album, whose title he had changed to Based on a T.R.U. Story from its original title of T.R.U. to My REALigion, which was set for an August 14, 2012, release date.The album's lead single, "No Lie," featured Canadian rapper Drake, and was released on May 8, 2012. On May 11, it was under speculation that Epps had signed with Kanye West's GOOD Music label, after West tweeted: "2 Chainz is charging 100k for a verse now cause he's G.O.O.D!!!!!" However, Epps later denied those rumors, saying: "He just said I'm good, like I'm ill. But we was talking and I think I was jeopardizing my brand sometimes by doing the homeboy special. So I think he felt like we should just put that out there that we ain't doing no more of that." On May 30, 2012, Ciara revealed <mask> was featured on "Sweat," the intended first single from her fifth studio album, One Woman Army. Based on a T.R.U.Story debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200, selling 147,000 copies in its first week. The album was met with mixed reviews, earning a score of 55 on metacritic. As of September 23, 2012, the album sold 288,000 copies in the United States. That September, Epps performed at the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards, alongside longtime friend Lil Wayne. After the release of his debut, Based on a T.R.U. Story, Epps made momentous strides. He facilitated his first solo worldwide tour, selling out most of its dates; he was nominated for over 13 BET Hip Hop Awards, bringing home 4 such trophies; he earned The Source Magazine's "Man of the Year" award; he released a collaborative endeavor with ADIDAS, and later Beats By Dre; and he was nominated for three Grammy Awards, including Best Rap Album.2012–15: B.O.A.T.S. II: Me Time and Collegrove

In late 2012, Epps stated once he completed the B.O.A.T.S. concert tour, he would reenter the studio. In November 2012, he revealed he was three songs deep into his second studio album. The album's estimated release date was April 2013. The rapper made a guest appearance on NBC's Law & Order: Special Victims Unit in an episode that aired May 8, 2013. He also appeared as himself in the second season (episode 16, titled "...And Just Plane Magic") of the CBS sitcom 2 Broke Girls, where he traveled on the same private planes as the two main characters.On May 23, 2013, he announced that his second studio album B.O.A.T.S. II: Me Time would be released on September 10, 2013. On June 2, 2013, Epps premiered the first single from the album, titled "Feds Watching," at the Hot 97's Summer Jam. The song featured Pharrell Williams, and it was recorded on 2013 Grammy Awards night. On June 15, Epps announced the title of his second album would be B.O.A.T.S. II: Me Time. The album was released on Def Jam Recordings on September 10, 2013.B.O.A.T.S. II: Me Time featured guest appearances from Pharrell Williams, Fergie, Drake, Lil Wayne, Pusha T, Mase, Chrisette Michele, Iamsu!, T-Pain, Dolla Boy, Rich Homie Quan, and Lloyd among others. The album's production was handled by Diplo, Mike WiLL Made It, Drumma Boy, J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League, Mannie Fresh, Wonder Arillo, Da Honorable C-Note and DJ Toomp among others. It was also supported by the single "Used 2," along with the promotional singles "Where U Been?" and "Netflix." Upon the album's release, it was met with generally positive reviews from music critics.It also faired decently commercially, debuting at number three on the US Billboard 200, and number two on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart selling 63,000 copies in its first week. On October 23, 2013, Epps revealed that he had begun working on his third studio album immediately following the release of B.O.A.T.S. II. He also stated he had the first single from his third album ready for release and that he still wanted to get Jay-Z featured on the album. In November 2015, <mask> Chainz revealed that he was releasing a joint album with Lil Wayne, titled ColleGrove. On May 5, 2014, Epps released a brand new EP titled FreeBase for free digital download. It included seven songs and included features from Lil Boosie, A$AP Rocky, Rick Ross, and more.The EP earned over 200,000 downloads. In January 2014 Epps released a promotional single titled "I'm a Dog." 2016–2019: Pretty Girls Like Trap Music and Rap or Go to the League

On January 27, 2016, Epps released an EP titled "Felt Like Cappin". It was released via online streaming sites and iTunes. The EP was promoted by the single "Back On That Bullshit" featuring Lil Wayne. Epps began 2016 with the March release of a 12-record collaborative album with rapper Lil Wayne titled ColleGrove, which was intended to be the debut album between <mask>z and Lil Wayne. However, Wayne's ongoing lawsuit with Cash Money Records prevented Wayne from being a primary artist on the album.Epps appears as the primary artist on the album with eight tracks featuring Lil Wayne. The album features prominent producers such as Honorable C.N.O.T.E., Mike Will Made It, Zaytoven, TM88, Metro Boomin, London on da Track, and more. ColleGrove received decent reviews from critics and fans. Epps continued his work in 2016 with the August 5 release of mixtape Daniel Son: Necklace Don, a 9-track mixtape that Epps released independently. The mixtape originally featured Drake and YFN Lucci on it, but Epps chose to move the song "Big Amount ft. Drake" to the 2017 studio album Pretty Girls Like Trap Music because of its mass appeal on the mixtape and star power performance. Daniel Son: Necklace Don received a 3-out-of-5-star review from XXL magazine. 2016 was wrapped up by Epps's third mixtape, titled Hibachi for Lunch, which was released October 28.The 7-track mixtape originally featured Quavo, Gucci Mane, Ty Dolla Sign, and Future. However, the song "Good Drank ft. Quavo and Gucci Mane" was moved to Pretty Girls Like Trap Music. Notable production was done by Mike Will Made It, K Swisha, and Buddah Bless. In 2017, Epps released his fourth studio album titled Pretty Girls Like Trap Music on June 16 on Def Jam Recordings. The album featured Travis Scott, Nicki Minaj, Swae Lee, Migos, Jhene Aiko, Pharrell Williams, and more. Album production was done by Mike Will Made It, Buddah Bless, Mike Dean, Murda Beatz, and more. The album was supported by three official singles: "Good Drank", "It's a Vibe," and "4 AM".The album was also supported by a nationwide concert tour, as well as several pop-up shops in the US. [1] [2] 2 Chainz alluded to the album showing "growth and maturation." He stated the content would maintain its edginess while also elevating trap music to a point where everyone could appreciate it. Pretty Girls Like Trap Music received widespread critical acclaim, with most critics citing the album as his best album yet. On November 15, 2017, the first episode of Most Expensivest aired on the TV network Viceland. The show focused on 2 Chainz visiting different locations offering the "most expensivest" goods and services. Each show covers a particular theme, with shows ranging from personal health to extravagant indulgences.The show offered a unique insight into products and services that have been created with the explicit intent on being exclusive and expensive. <mask>z offered a unique and often humorous insight into the products, especially the ones that he personally found to be either amazing or ridiculous. The show was renewed for a 20-episode third season, which aired in early 2019. The Play Don't Care Who Makes was the fourth EP released by Epps on February 8, 2018, by Def Jam Recordings. The EP was composed of four songs, one of which featured appearances from YG and Offset on the song "PROUD". Production was done by Minus, June James, Nonstop, Streetrunner, and more. On February 19, 2018, Epps announced his new album Rap or Go to the League, which was set to be released during 2018.However, the album was released on March 1, 2019. On March 26, 2020, 2 Chainz confirmed that ColleGrove 2, a sequel of 2016's ColleGrove, would be released later in 2020. 2020–present: So Help Me God and Dope Don't Sell Itself
In August 2020, following his Verzuz battle with Rick Ross, <mask> Chainz announced that his upcoming sixth album would be titled So Help Me God!. The album was initially scheduled for release on September 25, 2020. However, in the week of its planned release, it was delayed because of sample clearances. 2 Chainz said, "It should be another couple weeks". It was then announced for release on November 13, 2020, and was preceded by the release of the single "Quarantine Thick", which featured Mulatto.. On September 24, 2020, 2 Chainz played against Big Boi and his family on the season premiere of the reality game show Celebrity Family Feud.On August 3, 2021, 2 Chainz announced that his seventh album would be his last trap album, titled Dope Don't Sell Itself. Personal life

Family
Epps has two daughters, Heaven, born on July 26, 2008, and Harmony, born on October 20, 2012. On October 14, 2015, 2 Chainz welcomed his third child, a baby boy named Halo. On August 18, 2018, Epps married his longtime girlfriend and mother of his three children: Kesha Ward. Legal issues
At the age of 15, Epps was convicted of felony cocaine possession. On February 14, 2013, Epps was arrested in Maryland en route to a concert at UMES for marijuana possession. Epps was then cited and released.On June 11, 2013, Epps was arrested while on board a departing flight at LAX airport for possession of a controlled substance after TSA agents found that his checked bag contained marijuana and promethazine. He was booked and charged with felony narcotics possession. Later that day he posted $10,000 bond and was released. He was due back in court on June 21, 2013. Two days previous, he was reportedly robbed at gunpoint outside a medical marijuana dispensary in San Francisco. Just before midnight on August 21, 2013, Epps' tour bus was pulled over in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, because the passenger side taillights were out. The arresting officer reported that he smelled marijuana and saw smoke through the open door of the bus after he had stopped and pulled over the bus.The driver of the bus shut the door and told officers he was not authorized to allow them on the bus. The officer said the marijuana smell gave him probable cause to search, but the driver refused to open the door. After many attempts to enter, the bus was towed with the men still aboard to the police training center in Oklahoma City. Officers obtained a search warrant and the 10 men, including Epps, got off the bus. Police discovered two semi-automatic pistols and a 12-gauge pump shotgun, along with some prescription painkillers and marijuana residue, on the tour bus according to papers filed Oklahoma County district Court. Business ventures

In October 2016, he opened a line of hoodies called CEO Millionaires or Create Every Opportunity Millionaires. He also has his own line of sweaters called "Dabbing Sweaters."On May 10, 2019, the Atlanta Hawks announced that 2 Chainz had acquired a minority ownership stake in the team's NBA G League affiliate, the College Park Skyhawks. Discography

 Based on a T.R.U. Story (2012)
 B.O.A.T.S. II: Me Time (2013)
 ColleGrove (2016)
 Pretty Girls Like Trap Music (2017)
 Rap or Go to the League  (2019)
 So Help Me God! (2020)
 Dope Don't Sell Itself (2022)

The Real University

On January 6, 2015, 2 Chainz announced that he was starting his own independent record label "The Real University" (also known as "T.R.U. "; or "The Real U"). The announcement also revealed that frequent collaborators Cap.1 & Skooly were signed.Additionally, they signed former Young Money artist Short Dawg, who is now known as Fresh. Along with the announcement of the label's founding, they also revealed they'd be releasing their debut mixtape TRU Jack City on January 27, 2015. On October 4, 2019, 2 Chainz announced that T.R.U has signed a partnership deal with Atlantic Records.

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<mask> (née Brimberg; October 2, 1919 – September 23, 1997) was an American filmmaker. Life
Born <mask> in New York City, she was the daughter of a Polish-immigrant father who made his fortune in manufacturing. Her mother was the daughter of a multimillionaire Jewish manufacturer and inventor. The eldest of three daughters, her sister was the writer Elaine Dundy. Her interest in dance began at an early age, but met with the disapproval of her father, a violent bully. <mask> attended Stephens College, Johns Hopkins University, Bennington College, and University of North Carolina. As a result of dance lessons at each of these schools, she trained under the Martha Graham technique, the Humphrey-Weidman technique, and the Hanya Holm method of modern dance.She married <mask> to escape her father's control, so she could study dance under the masters in New York City. Their daughter Wendy was born in 1944. Her marriage to Bert ended in divorce in 1963. She began her career as a dancer in the New York avant garde modern dance movement. She was an avid participant in dance lessons and performances at the Young Women's Hebrew Association. In 1972, <mask> was a signatory to a campaign of Ms magazine, “We Have Had Abortions”, which called for an end to "archaic laws" limiting reproductive freedom; the participants encouraged women to share their stories and take action. Short films
In her first film, Dance in the Sun (1953), she adapted a choreography of Daniel Nagrin.The New York Dance Film Society selected it as the best dance film of the year. In  Dance in the Sun (1953), <mask> made use of rhythmic shots, shooting a dance on stage and then cutting from the stage to the beach and back and forth throughout the film. She crossed over from being a dancer, to being a filmmaker and expressing her art through a new medium. <mask> studied filmmaking with Hans Richter at the City College of New York after making In Paris Parks (1954). In 1955, she became a member of the Independent Filmmakers of America and was part of a circle of independent filmmakers in Greenwich Village such as Maya Deren, Stan Brakhage, Jonas Mekas, and Lionel Rogosin. In A Moment in Love, <mask> used abstract line and color to capture pure dance. <mask>'s film Bridges Go-Round (1959) is a major example of abstract expressionism in film, with two alternative soundtracks, one with electronic music by Louis and Bebe Barron and the other is jazz orientated and was created by Teo Macero.She used the camera to create a sense of motion while filming inanimate structures. She received an Academy Award nomination for Skyscraper (1959) with two other documentary filmmakers. Mainly shot in 1958, the short film captures the construction of 666 Fifth Avenue that began in 1957. The 20-minute film includes shots of the Roxy Theatre which was demolished the year Skyscraper was released. In 1959, it won the Golden Gate Award at the San Francisco International Film Festival. A Scary Time (1960), showing poverty and disease among children in Third World nations, was produced by UNICEF in consultation with Thorold Dickinson. It features music by Peggy Glanville-Hicks.Features released in the 1960s
<mask> described the impact her experience as a woman had on her filmmaking:

In 1962, she described, her objectives: "I'm revolting against the conventions of movies. Who says a film has to cost a million dollars and be safe and innocuous enough to satisfy every 12-year-old in America?" The Connection
Her first feature film The Connection (1961), from the play by Jack Gelber, concerns heroin-addicted jazz musicians, was part of the emergence of a New York independent feature film movement. The film heralded a new style addressing relevant social issues in black-and-white low-budget films. <mask> intended the film to be used as a test case in a successful fight to abolish New York State's censorship rules. It also served as a commentary on the failures of cinema verité. It is meant to appear to document the spontaneous interactions of a contemporary, specific lifestyle (Bohemian New York of the early 1960s).The Connection generated controversy and discussion in the downtown New York City arts community. The original play by Jack Gelber had been condemned by mainstream critics during its performances off-Broadway, but had still drawn an audience that included "Leonard Bernstein, Anita Loos, Salvador Dalí and Lillian Hellman, who likened it to 'a fine time at the circus'". <mask> was determined to film the play, and once completed, it received favorable reviews. It was screened out of competition at the Cannes Film Festival in 1961, where again it was received positively. American Beat generation celebrities who were in Europe at the time traveled to Cannes to show support for <mask>'s film. Screenings of The Connection in New York State were subsequently banned following complaints alleging indecency, based on a shot that included a pornographic magazine and a word deemed obscene. At the time, New York State only permitted films to be publicly screened if they had received a license from the State's board of censors.Another attempt was made to publicly screen the film a year later, only for the police to intervene, as the filmmakers still did not have a license from the State's board of censors. Following these incidents, critical reviews of The Connection became predominantly negative. The situation made it difficult for <mask> to organize funding and distribution for her film projects. While filming The Connection, she fell in love with actor Carl Lee. Following her divorce from <mask>, she began a relationship with Lee that lasted until his death in 1986 from AIDS, which he had contracted from his use of a dirty hypodermic needle. Later in the decade
In 1961, <mask> signed the manifesto "Statement for a New American Cinema", and in 1962, she co-founded The Film-Makers' Cooperative in New York with Jonas Mekas. Robert Frost: A Lover's Quarrel With the World (1963), directed by <mask> and starring the poet Robert Frost, won the Academy Award for Documentary Feature.Based on a novel by Warren Miller, <mask>'s  feature, The Cool World (1964), followed the life of a young man who rose to be the leader of a juvenile gang. The first movie to dramatize a story on black street gangs without relying upon Hollywood-style moralizing, it was shot on location in Harlem and produced by Frederick Wiseman. The Cool World was the first independently made film to be screened at the Venice International Film Festival. <mask> directed a feature-length interview with a gay black male  prostitute, Portrait of Jason (1967) which was selected for the New York Film Festival. Edited from 12 hours of interview footage. the film was described by Lauren Rabinovitz as an exploration of one "person's character while it simultaneously addresses the range and limitations of cinema-verité style". Portrait of Jason (1967) had a mixed response from American critics.With the exception of non-mainstream publications, reviewers were generally negative focusing on <mask>'s supposed "morbid viewpoint and the lack of production polish". Portrait of Jason had a better reception in Europe. The film was distributed by the Film-Makers Distribution Center. Co-founded by <mask> in 1966, the distributor closed in 1970 after encountering financial difficulties. Video works and other projects
In the 1970s and early 1980s, <mask> experimented with live video performance, returning to her roots as a dancer. She formed The TeePee Video Space Troupe at her Hotel Chelsea penthouse. This group included video artists Andy Gurian, Bruce Ferguson, Stephanie Palewski, DeeDee Halleck, Vickie Polan, Shrider Bapat, <mask>'s daughter <mask>, and many others.The Troupe were also early experimenters with taped video performance, installation and documentation. After working on video films for several years at the Hotel Chelsea, <mask> was approached by Roger Corman to work on his next film Crazy Mama (1975). This sparked disagreements over creative approaches. <mask> realized that Corman was expecting a protègé without film experience. In a 1985 interview, <mask> stated that she did not believe the situation would have occurred had she been a male filmmaker:

From time to time, members of the pioneering video collective Videofreex were part of the Troupe: David Cort, Parry Teasdale, Chuck Kennedy, Skip Blumberg, Bart Freidman, and Nancy Cain. The troupe worked in and around the Hotel Chelsea on West 23rd St in New York City, often setting up multiple cameras and monitors on the roof or in the stairwell. The Chelsea guest participants included Viva, Arthur C<mask> (no relation), Severn Darden, and Agnès Varda.The troupe went on tour to colleges and media centers, including Bucknell College in Pennsylvania, where they worked with drama and dance students in a massive evening performance in the student center, and SUNY Cortland, where they created a video mural with art students. <mask>'s final film was Ornette: Made in America (1985), a documentary profile of the jazz saxophonist and composer Ornette Coleman. Other activities
In addition to directing her own films, <mask> played an independent filmmaker in the cinéma vérité-style comedy Lions Love (1969) by Agnès Varda. <mask> also appears briefly in the documentary He Stands in a Desert Counting the Seconds of His Life (1986) by Jonas Mekas. <mask>'s legs appeared in John Lennon and Yoko Ono's 1971 film Up Your Legs Forever. <mask> lectured regularly, speaking at theaters and museums. During the period between 1971 and 1974, <mask> led number of Teepee touring workshops in a variety of venues and institutions including the Kitchen, the Museum of Modern art ('Open Circuits'), Antioch College, Baltimore, Wesleyan College, Bucknell University, Film Study Center, Hampshire College and the University of Buffalo.<mask> became a professor at UCLA in 1975, teaching film and video until 1983. Death and legacy
<mask> died of a stroke in Boston, Massachusetts after a struggle with Alzheimer's disease, shortly before her 78th birthday. The only full-length feature to receive wide media coverage during <mask>'s lifetime was The Connection. It was not her only film to subject to bans by New York State censors, or distribution challenges posed by the lack of infrastructure for independent filmmakers. <mask>'s reputation languished for many years, during a period when she was "marginalized, written out of histories and dismissed as a dilettante". There has been renewed interest in her filmmaking, however. The first Shirley Clarke Avant-Garde Filmmaker Award was presented to Barbara Hammer in October 2006.Thomas Cohen, in a 2012 book discussing her career, described her features as "films considered essential works of New American Cinema". From 2012 onwards, Milestone Films undertook "Project Shirley", an in-depth, eight-year project to release restored versions of many of <mask>'s films on DVD and Blu-ray, preceded by limited theatrical runs. This encompassed Ornette: Made in America (Volume 1, November 11, 2014), Portrait of Jason (Volume 2, November 11, 2014), The Connection (Volume 3, February 24, 2015) and The Magic Box: The Films of <mask>. 1927-1986 (Volume 4, November 15, 2016). Filmography
A Dance in the Sun (1953)
In Paris Parks (1954)
Bullfight (1955)
A Moment in Love (1957)
Brussels "Loops (1958)
Bridges-Go-Round (1958)
Skyscraper (1959) with Willard Van Dyke and Irving Jacoby
A Scary Time (1960)
The Connection (1961)
Robert Frost: A Lover's Quarrel with the World (1963)
The Cool World (1963)
Portrait of Jason (1967)
Man in Polar Regions (1967)
Trans (1978)
One Two Three (1978)
Mysterium; Initiation (1978)
Savage/Love (1981)
Tongues (1982)
Ornette: Made in America (1985)

See also
 Experimental film
 New American Cinema
 Women's cinema
 List of female film and television directors
 List of LGBT-related films directed by women

References

External links

<mask> Papers at the Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research. <mask> datebook, 1955-1956, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
Article by Andy Gurian
Interview with <mask> by DeeDee Halleck
A profile of <mask> by Sophia Satchell Baeza for Sight & Sound [October 2019]
Village Voice article
Remembering <mask> Clarke by DeeDee Halleck
<mask>: A Retrospective - Edinburgh Film Festival TV
"A Conversation", <mask> Clarke and Storm de Hirsch, Film Culture Issue 46 (Autumn 1967)

1919 births
1997 deaths
American women film directors
American experimental filmmakers
20th-century American Jews
American people of Polish descent
Stephens College alumni
American documentary filmmakers
Women documentary filmmakers
Women experimental filmmakers
20th-century American women

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<mask> (born August 16, 1983) is a Mexican author living in the United States. She is the author of the book of essays Sidewalks and the novel Faces in the Crowd, which won the Los Angeles Times Art Seidenbaum Award for First Fiction. <mask>'s 2015 novel The Story of My Teeth was a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award and the Best Translated Book Award, and won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Best Fiction, and she was awarded the Premio Metropolis Azul in Montreal, Quebec. <mask>'s books have been translated into more than 20 languages, with her work appearing in publications including, The New York Times, Granta, McSweeney's, and The New Yorker. Her most recent book, Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in 40 Questions, was a finalist for the Kirkus Prize in Nonfiction and the National Book Critics Circle Award in Criticism. <mask>'s 2020 novel, Lost Children Archive won the Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Fiction. In 2014, <mask> was the recipient of the National Book Foundation's "5 under 35" award.In 2019, she won a MacArthur Fellowship, also known as a MacArthur "Genius Grant". In 2020, the Vilcek Foundation awarded her a Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Literature and the Folio Prize. <mask> is a member of the Inter-American Dialogue. Career

After earning a bachelor's degree in Philosophy from the National Autonomous University of Mexico, <mask> moved to New York City to dance. She eventually studied comparative literature at Columbia University, where she completed a Ph.D. She teaches literature and creative writing at Bard College, collaborates as a writer with a number of art galleries, and has worked as a librettist for the New York City Ballet. She served as a juror for the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 2016. Several of <mask>'s books are based in real-world experiences.The Story of My Teeth (2015) was first written in serial for workers in a Jumex juice factory in Mexico as part of a commission from Galería Jumex. Her nonfiction work Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in 40 Questions (2017) is based on her experiences volunteering as an interpreter for young Central American migrants seeking legal status in the United States. The book was a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award in Criticism in 2017. Her work with asylum-seeking children from Latin America also informs the central theme in her 2019 novel Lost Children Archive. Personal life
<mask> was born in Mexico City, and moved to Madison, Wisconsin, with her family at the age of two. Her father's work in NGOs and later as a diplomat moved the family to Costa Rica, South Korea, and South Africa. After her parents separated, she moved to Mexico City with her mother at the age of 16.<mask> attended UWC Mahindra College in India and then returned to Mexico to attend university. She enrolled in the National Autonomous University of Mexico to study philosophy, and then lived in Spain and France. <mask> first came to New York to study contemporary dance and worked as an intern at the United Nations, and later studied a PhD in Comparative Literature at Columbia University. She currently lives in the Bronx with her family. Political involvement
<mask> started a literacy program for girls in a detention center in upstate New York that focuses on creative writing. <mask> is passionate about researching and writing about mass incarceration in the United States, with a focus on detention centers. She is working on a performance piece with the poet Natalie Diaz related to mass incarceration and violence against women.<mask> has been interested in writing about and working to improve the plight of asylum-seeking children from Latin America, a theme that is present in her 2020 novel, Lost Children Archive. She began writing Lost Children Archive in 2014 "as a loudspeaker for all of [her] political rage" after having served as a court translator for children from Latin America involved in the migration crisis. The creation of this book was also a reaction to her daughter working to understand the migration crisis for herself. Before completing Lost Children Archive in 2019, <mask> published Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in 40 Questions that uses the format of the questions she used in the court when interviewing the children, and includes her own experience with applying for a green card. The time spent writing the essay allowed her to write Lost Children Archive with “more open questions and open ends instead of political stances that are too loud and obvious by themselves.”

Works

Sidewalks
Sidewalks is <mask>'s debut book of essays in which she explores themes of motion, travel, transition, and reflection. Faces in the Crowd (Los ingrávidos)
Faces in the Crowd (2011) is a triptych that follows the perspectives of the narrator, a young mother living and working as a translator in New York, the protagonist of that mother's semi-autobiographical novel, and Gilberto Owen, a 20th-century Mexican poet. These three perspectives are woven together throughout the story.The Story of My Teeth
<mask>'s second novel, The Story of My Teeth, tells the story of Gustavo (Highway) Sánchez Sánchez, an auctioneer who claims to sell the teeth of authors and historical figures, and uses the money to purchase the supposed teeth of Marilyn Monroe to replace his own. The Story of My Teeth was written in chapters and distributed to the workers of a juice factory in Mexico. The workers read the chapters out loud and provided comments on them, which <mask> recorded and took into consideration as she wrote the next chapter. Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in 40 Questions
In this book, <mask> draws from her experience working as an interpreter for Central American child migrants. The book links the experiences of migrant children risking their lives to come to the United States to <mask>'s own experiences of getting a green card and staying here with her family. Lost Children Archive (Desierto sonoro)
Her fifth novel, this is the first to be written in English. She said she used it as a loudspeaker for all of her political rage regarding the migration crisis.Lost Children Archive follows a mother, father, and their two children on their journey driving from New York to Arizona in the heat of summer. On the way, they learn about the immigration crisis and learn that they may soon be in a crisis of their own. Awards
 2018 American Book Award for Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in 40 Questions
 2019 MacArthur Fellowship
 2020 Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Literature, Vilcek Foundation
2020 Folio Prize
2021 International Dublin Literary Award

Bibliography
 Papeles falsos (Sexto Piso, 2010). Translated by Christina MacSweeney as Sidewalks (2014)
 Los ingrávidos (Sexto Piso, 2010). Translated by Christina MacSweeney as Faces in the Crowd (2011)
 "Swings of Harlem", published in Where You Are: A Collection of Maps That Will Leave You Feeling Completely Lost (2013)
 La historia de mis dientes (2013). Translated by Christina MacSweeney as The Story of My Teeth (2015)
 Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in 40 Questions (2016)
 Lost Children Archive (2019). Also translated into Spanish by the author and Daniel Saldaña París as Desierto sonoro (2019)

References

Further reading

External links

Interview with Jennifer Kabat in Bomb Magazine
RCW Website
<mask> <mask> recorded at the Library of Congress for the Hispanic Division's audio literary archive in 2015

1983 births
Living people
Mexican women novelists
Writers from Mexico City
Columbia University alumni
National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni
21st-century Mexican writers
21st-century American women writers
21st-century Mexican women writers
American Book Award winners
People educated at a United World College
MacArthur Fellows
Mexican people of Italian descent
Members of the Inter-American Dialogue

masks:
Valeria Luiselli
Luiselli
Luiselli
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Luiselli
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Luiselli
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texts:
<mask> (born March 8, 1983), nicknamed Swagu, is an American former college and professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL) for nine seasons. He played college football for Louisiana State University (LSU), and earned consensus All-American honors. The Dallas Cowboys drafted him in the first round of the 2005 NFL Draft, and he also played for the NFL's Baltimore Ravens. Early years
<mask> was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He was a highly sought-after two-sport athlete in the country following his senior season at Southern University Laboratory School in Baton Rouge. On the high school football field, he was rated as the No. 1 tight end prospect in America and the third-best overall prospect after earning high school All-America honors.He was named first-team Class 1A all-state selection on both offense and defense following his senior season, becoming the first player to be honored on both in Louisiana since 1991. He finished his final prep season with 28 receptions for 435 yards and three touchdowns and 245 rushing yards and six touchdowns on offense and 22 tackles for losses, 11.5 quarterback sacks and four fumble recoveries on defense. <mask> was also one of the nation's top basketball prospects. He played in the first ever U.S. Army All-American Bowl game on December 30, 2000. College career
<mask> attended Louisiana State University, where he played for coach Nick Saban's LSU Tigers football team from 2001 to 2004. He was initially recruited by LSU as a tight end, but was soon moved to the defensive line. <mask> played tight end, fullback and defensive end as a freshman in 2001, recording two catches for 20 yards on offense and eight tackles, a sack and a tackle for loss on defense.His play earned him freshman All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) honors as a tight end. The 2002 season marked his first as a full-time defensive player, in which he recorded 46 tackles, 16 quarterback pressures, 3.5 tackles for losses and three sacks. In 2003, during LSU's national championship season, <mask> contributed 49 tackles, 23 quarterback pressures, 13 tackles for losses, six sacks and six passes defensed to earn First-team All-SEC honors. Playing against the Oklahoma Sooners for the national championship in the Sugar Bowl, <mask> returned an interception 20 yards for a touchdown to give the Tigers a 21–7 advantage in their 21–14 victory. During his 2004 senior season, <mask> put together a career year, earning first-team All-America honors from the Walter Camp Foundation, American Football Coaches Association, and AP, and second-team All-America honors from Sports Illustrated, first-team All-SEC honors, and was a semifinalist for the Bednarik Award and Lombardi Award. He finished the year tying his career-high in tackles (49) while setting career-highs for tackles for losses (17) and sacks (nine, a figure that ranks fourth in the LSU single-season records). He also recorded 21 quarterback pressures to help the Tigers finish the year third in the country in total defense.In April 2021, <mask> was inducted into the Louisiana High School Athletic Association Hall of Fame. Professional career

Dallas Cowboys
The Dallas Cowboys entered the 2005 NFL Draft with two first round draft choices. <mask> was considered by head coach Bill Parcells to be the key to the team's eventual move to a 3-4 defense and wanted to take him with the first selection (11th overall pick). Owner/GM Jerry Jones overruled Parcells and drafted <mask> Ware instead, who the team thought would not be available later in the draft. <mask> was eventually selected by the Cowboys with the 20th overall pick. 2005
<mask> suffered from injury problems in his first two training camps. In his first training camp in 2005 as a rookie, He sprained his right knee and ankle while straining his calf.What could have been a serious injury was only a minor setback for him. He missed the first three preseason games but bounced back in time for the final preseason game and recorded three tackles and a sack. He started the season as a backup in the team's 4-3 defense and eased into a right defensive end starting role midway through the season, to earn All-Rookie honors from Pro Football Weekly. His 35 tackles were good for 12th on the team - third among linemen and rookies while his six quarterback pressures were fourth. He added 1.5 sacks and a pass defensed. In his NFL debut at the San Diego Chargers, <mask> was in the defensive line rotation but did not record a tackle. He recorded his first sack - one he split with Greg Ellis - and his first career tackle against the Washington Redskins.<mask> then led all defensive linemen with four tackles at the San Francisco 49ers. He helped limit the Philadelphia Eagles to 129 yards, including just 19 rushing, the fourth lowest in franchise history. <mask> earned his first NFL start at defensive end at the Seattle Seahawks and responded with three tackles and a batted pass while helping limit Shaun Alexander, the NFL's leading rusher to 21 carries for 61 yards (2.9 avg.). He officially moved into the starting lineup full-time against the Arizona Cardinals and led all linemen with four tackles. <mask> logged his third career start in Philadelphia and posted a season-high seven tackles to lead all linemen and finish second on the team. He had a three-tackle game at the New York Giants. Against the Kansas City Chiefs, <mask> recorded four and a fumble recovery.With 1:16 remaining in the first half and Dallas trailing 14–10, <mask> scooped up a Trent Green fumble at the Cowboys 15-yard line and returned it 59 yards to the Chiefs 26-yard line. It was the eighth-longest return in franchise history and the longest ever by a Dallas rookie. Three plays later, Drew Bledsoe completed a pass to Jason Witten for a touchdown and a 17-14 halftime lead. In Washington, <mask> recorded three tackles. In the season finale against the St. Louis Rams, he recorded two tackles and his first solo sack of the season. 2006
Before the 2006 season, <mask> underwent minor knee surgery to repair meniscus damage, which forced him to miss the first two weeks of training camp. The Cowboys moved to a 3-4 defense and <mask> earned the starting role at left defensive end, finishing ninth with 48 tackles (31 solo), one sack, three pass deflections, two tackles for loss and tied for fifth on the squad with three quarterback pressures.In the season opener at the Jacksonville Jaguars, <mask> had two tackles and a tackle for loss. In Week two's Sunday night game against the Redskins, <mask> recorded his only sack of the season, sacking quarterback Mark Brunell in the first quarter, he also recorded two tackles. After the Cowboys' bye week, <mask> led all defensive linemen with four tackles against the Tennessee Titans. The Titans, in rookie quarterback Vince Young first career start, only rushed 27 times for 78 yards. <mask> recorded two tackles the next week in Philadelphia, where he also broke up a pass at the line of scrimmage. Against the Houston Texans, <mask> recorded three tackles and a quarterback pressure. He recorded three tackles against the Giants in a Monday night loss at Texas Stadium.At the Carolina Panthers, in a Sunday night victory, <mask> had two more tackles and a quarterback pressure. He had five tackles the following week in Washington, followed by four tackles in Arizona. Against the eventual Super Bowl champion Indianapolis Colts, <mask> had three tackles and one for loss, limiting the Colts to a season-low 14 points. In the annual Thanksgiving Day game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, he had three tackles. He had two tackles in the Cowboys' 23–20 win over the Giants at the Meadowlands. The following week <mask> recorded a season-high six tackles against the Saints in a home loss. He recorded four tackles in a road win against the Atlanta Falcons, helping provide pressure on the defensive line that sacked Falcons quarterback Michael Vick four times.<mask> had three tackles in the Cowboys' Christmas Day loss to the Eagles and did not record a stat in the season finale against the Detroit Lions. In his postseason debut, <mask> had one tackle and led the team with two quarterback pressures against the Seahawks. 2007
In 2007, he appeared in all 16 regular season game and Dallas' lone post season game. For the season <mask> recorded 32 tackles (19 solo), two forced fumbles, and a career-high two sacks and three passed defensed on the season. In the season opener against the New York Giants, <mask> recorded one tackle (one solo). During week two at the Miami Dolphins, he recorded two tackles (two solo). In the week three victory over the Chicago Bears, <mask> recorded two tackles (one solo).During the week four victory over the St. Louis Rams, he recorded two tackles (one solo), and 0.5 sack. In week five at the Buffalo Bills, <mask> recorded two tackles (one solo). During the Cowboys first loss of the season, to the New England Patriots, he recorded four tackles. In the week seven win over the Minnesota Vikings, <mask> did not record any stats. During week nine at the Philadelphia Eagles, he recorded one tackle and 0.5 sacks and a forced fumble. In the week 10 win over the New York Giants, <mask> recorded two tackles (two solo). During the week 11 win over the Washington Redskins, he recorded one tackle.In the week 12 victory over the New York Jets, <mask> recorded two tackles and one pass defensed. During the week 13 victory over the Green Bay Packers, he recorded one tackle, and a pass defensed. In the week 14 win over the Detroit Lions, <mask> recorded one tackle. During a week 15 loss to the Eagles, he recorded three tackles (two solo). In a week 16 victory over the Carolina Panthers, <mask> recorded one tackle and one pass defensed. During the season finale against the Washington Redskins, he recorded a season high five tackles (four solo), one sack, and one forced fumble. In the Cowboys lone playoff game against eventual Super Bowl XLII champion New York Giants, <mask> recorded two tackles.2008
<mask> started 15 games of the 16 games he played in the 2008 season. He registered 35 tackles (with 23 being solo, and 12 being assisted tackles), a sack, and a forced fumble. 2009
In 2009, he started 14 games and recorded 50 tackles (2 for losses), a career-high 2.5 sacks and a career-high tying 16 quarterback pressures and 2 pass breakups. <mask> played a key role in the playoffs, registering a tackle and three pressures in the wildcard playoff win against the Philadelphia Eagles, as the defense did not allow a rushing first down for the first time in postseason team history. He had a postseason career-high six tackles and a pressure in the divisional game against the Minnesota Vikings. 2010
After playing in only eight games (7 starts), his streak of 88 consecutive games played ended on November 10, when he was placed on the injured reserve list, with a left calf injury. Playing mostly in running downs, he registered 24 tackles (1 for loss) and 3 quarterback pressures.2011
<mask> signed a 5-year, $19.2 million contract during the off-season. He injured his groin in the second preseason game and missed the rest of the preseason. New defensive coordinator Rob Ryan selected Kenyon Coleman and Jason Hatcher as the starters at defensive end, relegating <mask> into a reserve role for the first time in his career. He was used mostly on running downs and registered 29 tackles (one for loss), 15th on the team and fifth among defensive linemen, one sack, two pass deflections and one quarterback pressure. 2012
In 2012, he again had a reserve role, but got a chance to start in six games because of injuries. <mask> finished the season with 35 tackles (2 for loss) and 1 sack. He missed one game with a knee injury.On March 13, 2013, <mask> was released because of a degenerative knee condition and he was not seen as a good fit in the team's plan to change to a 4-3 defense. While he never developed into a Pro Bowl player like fellow 2005 first-round pick <mask> Ware, he was durable, an excellent locker room presence and fulfilled his primary responsibility in the 3-4 defense, which was to create rushing lanes for the outside linebackers. Baltimore Ravens
On March 15, 2013 <mask> signed a two-year, $3.55 million deal with the Baltimore Ravens. On October 30, 2013, he was waived  after registering 10 tackles as a reserve defensive end. Career statistics

Charitable work
<mask> was actively involved in community service projects during his time at LSU. His sister, Deidre was a three-year letterwoman on the basketball team at LSU, while starting two of those years for the Lady Tigers. As a rookie, <mask> was a member of the Cowboys 2005 Rookie Club, a program designed to introduce rookie team members to community service in the Dallas area which included work with The Salvation Army, Children's Medical Center Dallas and Meals on Wheels.In the spring,
<mask> was a co-chair, along with teammate <mask> Ware, for the second annual Taste of the NFL: The Ultimate Dallas Cowboys Tailgate Party at Abacus restaurant that benefited The North Texas Food Bank. The event raised enough money to provide 330,000 meals to North Texans in need. In 2008 <mask> donated $6,500 to a high school student by the name of Willie Forbes who was going on a trip to Europe for 21 days with People to People Student Ambassadors. In Europe, Willie visited France, Italy, and Greece. While in those countries, Willie visited sites such as the Eiffel Tower and the Parthenon. He and <mask> now share a great friendship. <mask> and his wife, retired WNBA player Aiysha Smith, have three children: Macaria <mask> (born 2007), <mask> <mask>, Jr. (born 2009), and Miko Reign <mask> (born 2013).TV career
In 2015, <mask> began hosting a TV show called DFW Outdoorsman The show covers hunting, fishing, and other similar activities in the North Texas area. He is a regular contributor to the Paul Finebaum Show, broadcast daily on the SEC Network. He is affectionately referred to as "The Big Swagu". In August 2014, <mask> started as co-host of SEC Nation, the SEC/ESPN Network's flagship show. SEC Nation is a weekly college football preview show offering insight into upcoming national and SEC football games. Beginning with the 2017 college football season, <mask> began hosting Thinking Out Loud on the SEC Network with former Alabama quarterback Greg McElroy. <mask> now appears regularly on ESPN morning shows Get Up!, First Take, and its flagship NFL studio show, NFL Live.References

External links

 Official website
 Numbers Can't Define <mask>' Worth
 LSU Tigers bio
 Draft profile

1983 births
Living people
All-American college football players
American football defensive ends
Baltimore Ravens players
Dallas Cowboys players
LSU Tigers football players
Players of American football from Baton Rouge, Louisiana
ESPN people
Disney people
African-American players of American football
African-American sports journalists
African-American television personalities
21st-century American journalists

masks:
Marcus Rayshon Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
DeMarcus
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
Spears
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Marcus Spears
Marcus
Family Spears
Reagan Spears
Marcus Rayshon
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texts:
<mask>'Jie (born 15 August 1993) is a Cameroonian professional footballer who plays for Dynamo Moscow in the Russian Premier League and the Cameroon national team. He is known for his pace and dribbling skills. He started his career with Lyon, going up all the way from the youth program to the B squad and ultimately in the club's top tier squad in the French Ligue 1, before moving to Tottenham Hotspur of the Premier League, and then back to Ligue 1 side Marseille before moving to his current club. N'Jie made his senior international debut for Cameroon in 2014 and represented the nation at the Africa Cup of Nations in 2015, 2017, 2019 and 2021, winning the 2017 tournament and finishing third in the 2021 tournament. Club career

Lyon
N'Jie arrived at Lyon during the summer of 2011. He joined the under-19 squad and quickly progressed to the reserve squad along with Anthony Martial and Nabil Fekir, playing in the French 4th division. He played his first professional match during the 2012–13 season against Stade de Reims in a 3–0 win.N'Jie scored his first professional goal against Mladá Boleslav in the third qualifying round of the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League, helping his team to a 2–1 victory. On 13 August, he scored his first Ligue 1 goal in a 4–0 victory against Lorient. Earlier that day, he signed a three-year contract extension with Lyon through to 2019. Having been shortlisted for the 2014 CAF Most Promising Talent of the Year, N'Jie lost out to Porto and Algeria midfielder Yacine Brahimi. He finished his first full season at Lyon with eight goals and seven assists in 33 appearances, despite only starting half of his 30 league games, as he was the third piece of the Lyon attacking line, with Nabil Fekir and Alexandre Lacazette. N'Jie also finished the season with a 73% shot-on-target ratio, second to only to Paris Saint-Germain's Zlatan Ibrahimović, who ended the campaign on 74%. Tottenham Hotspur
On 15 August 2015, English side Tottenham Hotspur announced that the club had reached an agreement for the signing of N'Jie from Lyon, subject to international clearance and a work permit.N'Jie agreed to a five-year contract with a reported transfer fee of €12 million (£8.3 million). N'Jie made his Spurs debut on 17 September in a Europa League group stage match against Qarabağ, coming on as a substitute for Andros Townsend. On 10 December 2015, he tore his medial collateral ligament (MCL) after a challenge by Jérémy Toulalan during a Europa League group stage match against Monaco. He had to undergo knee surgery for the MCL tear and was expected to out of action for at least 1–2 months, and possibly longer. Working with injured teammate Jan Vertonghen during his recovery, N'Jie eventually made his return on 8 May 2016 in a Premier League match against Southampton, in what would be his final appearance of the season. N'Jie made 8 appearances (all of them as a substitute) for Tottenham in the Premier League, his longest a 79-minute affair when he replaced the injured Nacer Chadli against Liverpool. In addition, N'Jie made 5 appearances, starting in 2 of them, in Tottenham's Europa League campaign, and did not score a goal in all competitions.Marseille

On 31 August 2016, N'Jie returned to Ligue 1, joining Marseille on a season-long loan deal. Marseille had a €7 million option to buy him at the end of the loan, and Georges-Kévin Nkoudou headed to White Hart Lane on a permanent move in the opposite direction. On 11 September, he made his debut as a substitute for William Vainqueur in the 68th minute away to Nice, and he scored his first goal two weeks later to equalise in a 2–1 home win against Nantes. On 16 July 2017, N'Jie made his move to Marseille permanent, signing for an undisclosed fee. On 6 August, in the season opener against Dijon, he came on at half time for injured captain Dimitri Payet and scored two goals in a 3–0 win. On 17 September, he scored both the goals in the away win over Amiens. On 3 May 2018, he played in the Europa League semi-finals away to FC Red Bull Salzburg as Marseille played out a 2–1 away loss but a 3–2 aggregate win to secure a place in the 2018 UEFA Europa League Final.Dynamo Moscow
On 25 July 2019, Njie signed a four-year contract with Russian Premier League club Dynamo Moscow. He scored his first goal for Dynamo on 27 October 2019, a late winner in a 1–0 victory over PFC CSKA Moscow. International career

N'Jie scored 44 minutes into his Cameroon debut against the Democratic Republic of Congo on 6 September 2014, and followed this up four days later by scoring twice in a 4–1 victory over Ivory Coast at the Ahmadou Ahidjo Stadium in Yaoundé, Cameroon. He was named in the squad for the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations and played in one group stage match, coming on as a 67th-minute substitute in a 1–0 loss to Ivory Coast. He won the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations. On Thursday, 3 February 2022, <mask>'Jie would miss the last penalty against Egypt that would ultimately put Cameroon out of the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations and help Egypt secure a spot in the final against Senegal. Style of play
N'Jie is a pacy forward who likes to play on the shoulder of the last defender, just off the front man.He can also play off the wing, and as dribbling is a key attribute of his game, he likes to take on players when given the chance. He frequently draws comparisons to Cameroon's all-time leading scorer and compatriot Samuel Eto'o, with this comparison being asserted by Lyon chairman Jean-Michel Aulas. Career statistics

Club

International

International goals
Score and result list Cameroon's goal tally first. Honours

Club
Lyon
Coupe de la Ligue runner-up: 2013–14

Marseille
UEFA Europa League runner-up: 2017–18

International
Cameroon
Africa Cup of Nations: 2017
Africa Cup of Nations third place: 2022

References

External links

1993 births
Living people
People from Buea
Cameroonian footballers
Olympique Lyonnais players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Olympique de Marseille players
FC Dynamo Moscow players
Ligue 1 players
Premier League players
Russian Premier League players
Cameroon international footballers
Association football forwards
Cameroonian expatriate footballers
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in England
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in France
Expatriate footballers in Russia
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in France
2015 Africa Cup of Nations players
2017 Africa Cup of Nations players
2019 Africa Cup of Nations players
N'Jie
2021 Africa Cup of Nations players

masks:
Clinton Mua N
Clinton N


texts:
<mask> (born 23 April 1969), also credited as <mask>, is an Indian actor who predominantly works in Hindi cinema and has also done Telugu and Tamil language films. He is the recipient of three National Film Awards, six Filmfare Awards, and two Asia Pacific Screen Awards. In 2019, he was awarded India's fourth-highest civilian honour, the Padma Shri, for his contributions to art. Born in Belwa, a small village near the city Bettiah in West Champaran district Bihar, <mask> aspired to become an actor since childhood. He relocated to Delhi at the age of seventeen, and applied for the National School of Drama, only to be rejected four times. He continued to do theatre while studying in college. Bajpayee made his feature film debut with a one-minute role in Drohkaal (1994), and a minor role of a dacoit in Shekhar Kapur's Bandit Queen (1994).After a few unnoticed roles, he played the gangster Bhiku Mhatre in Ram Gopal Varma's 1998 crime drama Satya, which proved to be a breakthrough. Bajpayee received the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor and Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor for the film. He then acted in films such as Kaun? (1999) and Shool (1999). For the latter, he won his second Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor. <mask> won the Special Jury National Award for Pinjar (2003). This was followed by a series of brief, unnoticed roles in films that failed to propel his career forward.He then played a greedy politician in the political thriller Raajneeti (2010), which was well-received. In 2012, Bajpayee played Sardar Khan in Gangs of Wasseypur. His next roles were of a naxalite in Chakravyuh (2012), and a CBI officer in Special 26 (2013). In 2016, he portrayed professor Ramchandra Siras, in Hansal Mehta's biographical drama Aligarh, for which he won his third Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor and the Best Actor Award at the Asia Pacific Screen Awards in 2016. He won the National Film Award for Best Actor at the 67th National Film Awards for his performance in the film Bhonsle. He also won Filmfare OTT Award for Best Actor, for The Family Man (2021). Early and personal life

Bajpayee was born in a brahmin family on 23 April 1969 in a small village called Belwa near the city Bettiah in West Champaran, Bihar.He is the second child among his five other siblings, and was named after actor <mask> Kumar. One of his younger sisters Poonam Dubey, is a fashion designer in the film industry. His father was a farmer and his mother was a housewife. As a son of a farmer, Bajpayee would do farming during their vacation. Since childhood, he wanted to become an actor. His father had difficulty collecting money for their education. He studied in a "hut school" till fourth standard, and later did his schooling at Khrist Raja High School, Bettiah.He completed his 12th class from Maharani Janaki Kunwar College in Bettiah. He moved to New Delhi at the age of seventeen and went to Satyawati, then to Ramjas College, Delhi University. Bajpayee had heard about the National School of Drama from actors such as Om Puri and Naseeruddin Shah, so he applied. He was rejected three times and wanted to commit suicide afterward. He then attended director and acting coach Barry John's workshop after actor Raghubir Yadav's suggestion. Impressed by Bajpayee's acting, John hired him to assist him in his teaching. After that he applied at the National School of Drama for the fourth time, and they offered him a teaching position at the school instead.Bajpayee was married to a girl from Delhi, but got divorced during his period of struggle. He met actress Shabana Raza, who is also known as Neha, right after her debut film Kareeb (1998). The couple married in 2006 and they have a daughter. Career

1994–2001: Debut and breakthrough
Following his one-minute role in Govind Nihalani's Drohkaal (1994), Bajpayee acted in the biographical drama Bandit Queen (1994). Tigmanshu Dhulia, the casting director of the film suggested his name to its director Shekhar Kapur. Bajpai was considered for the role of dacoit Vikram Mallah in the film, which eventually went to Nirmal Pandey. Bajpayee got the role of dacoit Mann Singh in the film.During that time, he also did a television serial called Kalakaar, directed by Hansal Mehta and Imtihaan (Doordarshan). Bajpayee was a struggling actor when Mahesh Bhatt offered him the soap opera Swabhimaan (1995), which aired on Doordarshan. He agreed to do the serial at a low fee. Next, Bajpayee appeared in minor roles in films such as Dastak (1996) and Tamanna (1997). Director Ram Gopal Varma discovered Bajpayee when he was casting for Daud (1997), a comedy film, where he had a supporting role. Following completion of the filming, Varma expressed his regret for offering Bajpayee a minor role. He then promised Bajpayee  a prominent role in his next film.Satya (1998), a crime drama, was their next film together. In the film, Bajpayee played gangster Bhiku Mhatre, who accompanies the title character to form their nexus in the Mumbai underworld. Satya was mostly shot in the real slums of Mumbai. It was screened at the 1998 International Film Festival of India and opened to mostly positive reviews. Anupama Chopra called Bajpayee and others' performances "[..] so good that you can almost smell the Mumbai grime on their sweaty bodies." The film was a commercial success, and <mask> won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor and Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor for his performance. Filmfare later included his performance in the 2010 issue of Bollywood's "Top 80 Iconic Performances".Bajpayee then collaborated with Verma in the year 1999 with Kaun? and Shool; with Verma directing the former and producing the latter. Kaun, was a whodunit with only three characters in a house, where Bajpayee played an annoying talkative stranger. The film was a box office disappointment. Shool saw him play the role of an honest police officer who finds himself in the politician-criminal nexus of the Motihari district in Bihar. Sify labelled Bajpayee's performance in the film as "truly amazing [..] especially the emotional scenes with Raveena Tandon." The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi, with Bajpayee winning the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Performance.He also acted in the Telugu romantic film Prema Katha (1999). The year 2000 started for Bajpayee with the comedy Dil Pe Mat Le Yaar!! and the crime drama Ghaath, both alongside Tabu. A dialogue from the former sparked controversy in some political parties. Bajpayee's first release in 2001 was Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra's supernatural thriller Aks. His negative portrayal of Raghavan Ghatge, a criminal who dies and is reincarnated in the body of Manu Verma (played by Amitabh Bachchan), garnered him the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role nomination. It was followed by Shyam Benegal's Zubeidaa, co-starring Rekha and Karisma Kapoor.He played Maharaja Vijayendra Singh of Fatehpur, a polo enthusiast prince with two wives. His character was inspired by Hanwant Singh, the Maharaja of Jodhpur. 2002–09: Career struggle
Bajpayee's sole release of 2002 was the road thriller Road. He played the antagonist in the film, a hitchhiker who turns out to be a psychopathic killer, after taking a lift from a couple (played by Vivek Oberoi and Antara Mali). Bajpayee received another Filmfare nomination for Best Performance in a Negative Role, for the film. Pinjar (2003), a period drama, set during the partition of India, was Bajpayee's first release of the year. Directed by Chandraprakash Dwivedi, the film was based on a Punjabi novel of the same name.He received the National Film Special Jury Award for his performance in the film. He subsequently portrayed Grenadier Yogendra Singh Yadav in J. P. Dutta's ensemble war film LOC: Kargil. It was based on the Kargil War, and Bajpayee was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for it. Both the films were commercially unsuccessful. Bajpayee's next roles were in Jaago (2004) opposite Raveena Tandon, Makarand Deshpande's Hanan and the thriller Inteqam. In Jaago, he played a police officer who takes the situation into his own hands, after his 10-year-old daughter is raped and killed. The same year, he appeared in a supporting role in Yash Chopra's romantic drama Veer-Zaara (2004).The film was screened at the 55th Berlin Film Festival, and grossed over  globally, becoming the highest-grossing film of the year. In 2005, Bajpayee acted in Dharmesh Darshan's drama Bewafaa, the thriller Fareb, and the English language film Return to Rajapur. He also acted in the Telugu romance Happy (2006). In 2007, Bajpayee played Major Suraj Singh in 1971. The film tells the story of six Indian army soldiers, who escape from the Pakistani prison after they were captured during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN, criticised the film but wrote: "[Bajpayee] is in great form, he holds back mostly and in the process, constructs a character that says more with his eyes than with words." He next starred opposite Juhi Chawla in Ganesh Acharya's drama film Swami.Bajpayee's final release of the year was the anthology film Dus Kahaniyaan. He acted in the Sanjay Gupta – directed story Zahir alongside Dia Mirza. All of his 2007 releases were financial failures. Next year, he starred in the ensemble comedy Money Hai Toh Honey Hai (2008), which was also a box office disaster. <mask>'s shoulder got injured while filming the Telugu film Vedam, and was absent from the screen for nearly two years. He then returned in a major role with the comedy Jugaad (2009), which was based on the 2006 Delhi sealing drive incident. His next release was the mystery thriller Acid Factory (2009), which was a remake of the 2006 American film Unknown.He played a comic role of one among the people who are kidnapped and locked in a factory with no memory of how they came there. The film did not do well at the box office. The string of financial failures continued with his next release. In Madhur Bhandarkar's Jail (2009), he played a convict serving life imprisonment. He called his role a "narrator" and "mentor" of its protagonist (played by Neil Nitin Mukesh). 2010–present: Raajneeti and beyond
In 2010, Bajpayee starred in Prakash Jha's big-budget ensemble political thriller Raajneeti. Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India in her review mentioned that Bajpayee "[..] grab[s] eyeballs in [his] scenes" and "brings back memories of his mesmeric performances."Indian trade journalists were apprehensive of Raajneeti

masks:
Manoj Bajpayee
Manoj Bajpai
Bajpayee
Bajpayee
Manoj
Bajpayee
Bajpayee


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 recovering its  investment. The film, however, proved to be a major commercial success, with worldwide earnings of over . <mask> received a Best Supporting Actor nomination at Filmfare for the film. He then acted in two Telugu films; Vedam (2010) and Puli (2010), followed by the comedy Dus Tola (2010). He also provided the voice of Rama in the animated film Ramayana: The Epic, which was based on the Indian epic Ramayana. Aarakshan (2011), a socio-drama based on the issue of caste based reservations in Indian, was <mask>'s next film. The film sparked controversy in some groups and was banned in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Andhra Pradesh before its theatrical release.Trade journalists had high expectations for the film, but it ultimately flopped at the box office. <mask>'s followup was the thriller Lanka (2011). In 2012, <mask> appeared in Anurag Kashyap's two-part crime film Gangs of Wasseypur. His character Sardar Khan appeared in the first one. To prepare for his role, Bajpayee shaved his head and lost four kilogram of weight. It premiered at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival, Toronto film festival, and the Sundance Film Festival in 2013. Gangs of Wasseypur released in India on 22 June to positive response.Anupama Chopra called it his best performance since Bhiku Mhatre in Satya. For his performance in the film, <mask> was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor. His next film was the historical drama Chittagong (2012), based on the Chittagong armoury raid. Bajpai portrayed the Bengali independence fighter Surya Sen in it, for which he charged no money. His final release of the year was Chakravyuh, where he played a Naxalite; a role which required him to lose 5 kilograms weight. Writer and lyricist Javed Akhtar called Chakravyuh "the best film of last 20 years". On the contrary, a review carried by India Today called it an "amateurish attempt", but praised Bajpayee's acting.In 2013, Bajpayee had five releases: Samar, his Tamil debut film, was the first release. He appeared in a supporting role in the film. He then appeared in Neeraj Pandey's heist thriller Special 26. Based on the 1987 Opera House heist, he portrayed a CBI officer in the film. It was followed by the crime film Shootout at Wadala, where he played a character inspired by the gangster Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar. Bajpayee collaborated with Prakash Jha for the fourth time with Satyagraha. The film was loosely inspired by social activist Anna Hazare's fight against corruption in 2011, featuring an ensemble cast, the film was highly anticipated by trade journalists due to its release coinciding with the Mumbai and Delhi gang rape public protests.Satyagraha earned  domestically. Bajpayee then provided the voice of Yudhishthira for Mahabharat, a 3D animation film based on the Indian epic of the same name. In 2014, Bajpayee played the antagonist in the Tamil action film Anjaan. Bajpayee continued to play negative roles with his next film Tevar (2015). A remake of the 2003 Telugu film Okkadu, the film opened to negative reviews and was a box office failure. The same year, he along with Raveena Tandon, appeared in the patriotic-themed short film Jai Hind. With a run-time of 6 minutes, the film was released on YouTube by OYO Rooms, right before the Indian Independence Day.Bajpayee acted in another short film titled Taandav in 2016. Directed by Devashish Makhija, the film showcased the pressure and scenarios faced by an honest police constable, and was released on YouTube. The same year, he portrayed professor
Ramchandra Siras, in Hansal Mehta's biographical drama Aligarh. The story followed the life of a homosexual professor who was expelled from Aligarh Muslim University because of his sexuality. Bajpayee watched a few clippings of Siras to prepare for his role. The film was screened at the 20th Busan International Film Festival, and the 2015 Mumbai Film Festival. Aligarh was released on 26 February 2016 to positive reviews.Bajpayee won the Best Actor award at the 10th Asia Pacific Screen Awards and his third Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor. He next played a traffic constable in Rajesh Pillai's swan song Traffic (2016). A remake of the Malayalam film of the same name, the film was released on 6 May 2016. His subsequent release of the year was the biographical sports film Budhia Singh – Born to Run, where he played the coach of Budhia Singh; the world's youngest marathon runner. It was followed by the comedy film Saat Uchakkey (2016) and the short film Ouch directed by Neeraj Pandey. Bajpayee's first release of 2017 was the spy thriller Naam Shabana, a spin-off to the 2015 film Baby with Taapsee Pannu reprising her role as Shabana. The same year, he reunited with Ram Gopal Varma for the crime drama Sarkar 3.It was the third instalment in the Sarkar film series. In the film, his character was loosely based on Arvind Kejriwal. Later that year, Bajpayee appeared briefly in the drama film Rukh. In 2018, Bajpayee reunited with Neeraj Pandey with the crime thriller Aiyaary, where he played Colonel Abhay Singh who is in pursuit of his protege Major Jai Bakshi (Sidharth Malhotra). Film critic Namrata Joshi criticised the film's plot and called Bajpayee and one song, the "film's only saving graces". He later appeared in Ahmed Khan's Baaghi 2, alongside Tiger Shroff and Disha Patani. Later that year, Bajpayee acted and made his debut as a producer with the psychological thriller Missing, co-starring Tabu.The film mostly received negative review from critics. Shubhra Gupta called it a "shoddy mess". He next appeared alongside John Abraham in the vigilante action film Satyameva Jayate (2018). The same year he appeared in the psychological drama Gali Guleiyan, directed by debutant Dipesh Jain, where he played an electrician living in Old Delhi, who starts losing his grasp over reality. He won the Best Actor award at the Indian Film Festival of Melbourne. The film premiered at the 22nd Busan International Film Festival and was also screened at the 2017 MAMI Film Festival, Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles, Atlanta Film Festival, Cleveland International Film Festival and the Chicago International Film Festival. His final release of the year was Tabrez Noorani's ensemble drama Love Sonia, a film about sex trafficking.It had its premiere at the 2018 London Indian Film Festival and was released in India on 14 September 2018. In Devashish Makhija's Bhonsle, Bajpayee played a terminally ill retired Mumbai cop who befriends a North Indian girl when the locals are trying to get rid of the migrants in the city. The film and his performance met with positive response from critics with Namrata Joshi calling his acting "astounding in his internalisation of Bhonsle and acts with not just his face but by deploying his whole body." The role earned him his first National Film Award for Best Actor and second Asia Pacific Screen Award for Best Performance by an Actor. In 2019, he was given India's fourth highest civilian honour Padma Shri for his contributions to art. The same year he portrayed dacoit Man Singh in Abhishek Chaubey's action film Sonchiriya. Raja Sen in his review wrote that Bajpayee is "excellent as a rebel chief."Later, he appeared in the spy action drama web series The Family Man, directed by Raj Nidimoru and Krishna D.K. Bajpayee played the role of a middle-class man who secretly works for an intelligence agency. The series and his performance received positive response from critics with Rohit Naahar of Hindustan Times writing: "<mask> Bajpayee is, as he usually tends to be, effortlessly excellent." He won the Critics Choice Best Actor, Drama Series Award at the 2020 Filmfare OTT Awards. In 2020, Bajpayee did a supporting role in Shirish Kunder's crime thriller film Mrs. Serial Killer, co-starring Jacqueline Fernandez. The film, which was released on Netflix, met with a negative response.His final release of the year was the comedy flick Suraj Pe Mangal Bhari alongside Diljit Dosanjh and Fatima Sana Shaikh. It was the first film to release theatrically in India after nearly eight months due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The next year, he narrated the Discovery+ documentary show Secrets of Sinauli, directed by Neeraj Pandey. Bajpayee also appeared as a cop trying to solve a murder case in the thriller Silence... Can You Hear It?. The film was released on ZEE5 and met with mixed critical feedback. Acting style & influence
<mask> is a method actor and a director's actor, and is known for his unconventional roles in films. Actor Nawazuddin Siddiqui has cited Bajpayee's performance in Aks as the inspiration for his role as the antagonist in Kick (2014).Bajpayee has also been vocal about the disparity in the pay he commands, in comparison to the top actors in the film industry. He has cited Amitabh Bachchan, Naseeruddin Shah and Raghubir Yadav as his inspirations. Director Ram Gopal Varma considers him to be "an education" for himself and said he is "simply the best actor I've ever worked with." Shekhar Kapur, who directed him in Bandit Queen, recalls: "Manoj had the ability to portray a lot just by doing little. He never tried to overplay a scene and seemed totally comfortable with a minimalist statement." According to director Hansal Mehta, Manoj "has the ability to transform himself like few others." Bajpayee's performance as Bhiku Mhatre in Satya is considered to be one of the most memorable characters of Hindi cinema, along with his dialogue in it: "Mumbai ka king kaun?Bhiku Mhatre" (Who is the king of Mumbai? Bhiku Mhatre). Kay Kay Menon credits this character as a turning point for other method actors: "If it were not for Manoj's brilliant performance in Satya, actors like Irrfan and me might still be waiting to be accepted. Manoj opened the doors for us." Writing about the character in his book Popcorn Essayists, journalist-writer Jai Arjun Singh wrote that "the "earthiness" and the "authenticity" [of the character], was the subtle result of a persistence in Bajpai's performance." Filmography

Accolades

References

Sources

External links

1969 births
Living people
People from West Champaran district
Male actors from Bihar
Indian male film actors
Male actors in Hindi cinema
Indian male television actors
Indian male stage actors
Indian male voice actors
20th-century Indian male actors
21st-century Indian male actors
Delhi University alumni
Best Supporting Actor National Film Award winners
Special Jury Award (feature film) National Film Award winners
Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts
Film producers from Bihar
Best Actor National Film

masks: Bajpayee Bajpayee Bajpayee Bajpayee Bajpayee Manoj Bajpayee


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Govinda K.C. (Nepali: गोविन्द  के.सी.) is a Nepali orthopaedic surgeon and philanthropic activist. He is a professor of orthopaedics at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), part of the Institute of Medicine, Nepal. He is known for his humanitarian work in Nepal and internationally and for his activism in favor of the independent academic functioning of the government medical institutions of Nepal, notably the Institute of Medicine and Patan Academy of Health Sciences. His non-violent protests and fasts have successfully pressured the Nepali government and stakeholders to make change. Early life and schooling

After graduating high school, Govinda K.C.studied at the Institute of Medicine in Nepal to become a Health Assistant (H.A. ), the equivalent of a Physician Assistant in the US. He was unaware at the time that this was a step to becoming a doctor. Upon completing his H.A., he won a Ministry of Education scholarship to study for a M.B.B.S. in Bangladesh at Rajshahi Medical College. After graduation, he returned to Nepal and worked at Bir Hospital. He then received a M.S.from Dhaka University in Bangladesh and became an orthopaedic surgeon. Although he wanted to serve in a tertiary hospital and there was a shortage of orthopaedists in Kathmandu, plans were made to transfer him to a rural hospital where there would be no facilities to practice orthopaedics. He resigned from Bir Hospital and joined the Institute of Medicine as a volunteer in 1994. Humanitarian work

K.C. has preferred to use his professorship salary to provide services in remote areas of Nepal and has travelled internationally in response to natural calamities. He has not taken funds from any non-governmental organizations (NGO) to provide these services. Apart from his work in the aftermath of the earthquake in Nepal, he financed these Nepalese and international humanitarian services himself.Nepal

TUTH offers K.C. a few weeks of vacation every year. He spends this time at the most rural clinics in Nepal, which are unreachable by public transportation. He often travels long distances by foot to reach the clinics. In these clinics, he trains health workers to identify orthopaedic emergencies, provide emergency treatment, and if necessary, provide timely referrals. He also organizes health camps in remote places. He gives medications to people and makes the necessary arrangements to give free medical treatment when they come for further treatment in Kathmandu.He has faced allegations of being a spy and an insurgent when he worked in health during the Maoists' insurgency. The rural districts of Nepal had an outbreak of cholera some years ago. Many doctors refused to go there, even if paid. K.C. travelled to the afflicted areas to provide humanitarian aid, carrying the medicine on his back. International

K.C. has travelled extensively to assist victims of international natural disasters.In 2001, he spent three weeks in the Bhuj region in Gujarat, India after the earthquake. In 2005, he served in Northwest Pakistan for around 20 days after a disastrous earthquake. After a cyclone in Myanmar in 2008, the government of Myanmar prevented foreign aid agencies from entering the country but admitted him for two weeks. In 2010, he went to Haiti in the wake of the disastrous earthquake and served there for three weeks. In 2011, he served flood victims in Pakistan for two weeks. In 2013, he went to the Philippines to treat people affected by a tsunami there. Medical activism

K.C.has been a prominent campaigner for medical sector reform in Nepal in response to public allegations of both corruption and undue political pressure to give medical college affiliation to facilities with inadequate infrastructure. His ongoing advocacy over several years has included several lengthy personal hunger strikes, which have received extensive media coverage and successfully pressured authorities to make changes. In January 2014, K.C. launched another hunger strike campaigning against the political appointment of a new dean of the IoM, which did not reflect seniority, as well as several other grievances. Supporting this cause, the Medical Association of Nepal shut down all hospitals except for emergency services across the country. The Nepal Medical Association called for mass resignation of doctors across the country, with almost a hundred doctors and professors resigning and announcing free medical camps in public places. These collective actions appeared to have been successful, so K.C.broke his fast. Fifth, sixth, and eighth fast-unto-death

In 2015, K.C. announced a fifth hunger strike after the Nepalese government retracted from its agreement with him and his movement to regulate the opening of new medical colleges based on a report presented by a team of specialists led by Kedar Bhakta Mathema. Chitralekha Yadav, Minister for Education, was accused of having made key amendments to the law to make way for the new Devdaha and Birat Medical colleges to be granted affiliation, beginning the dispute. Law-makers led by CPN UML leader Rajendra Pandey staged protests in the Constituent Assembly demanding the affiliation to be granted before the report would be presented to the government. They also presented a document with the signatures of 146 lawmakers, mostly from the CPN UML, threatening to topple the government if affiliation was not granted. These lawmakers had stated that their investments would go in vain if they were not allowed to run a medical college.Several independent observers stated that none of the proposed medical colleges had enough manpower and that most of them did not have adequate infrastructure or patient flow. When his demands were not met, the K.C. protested peacefully with another hunger strike. His movement received widespread support from social sector activists, medical professionals and students, and artists including Nepathya and "Maha". However, there was a delay in receiving support from Nepal Medical Council and Nepal Medical Association. The Nepali prime minister, Koirala, was confronted with K.C. 's degrading health, to which he replied, "So what?", further incensing the movement. The government of Nepal responded with a committee composed of the Minister for Education Chitralekha Yadav, the Minister for Health Khagaraj Adhikari, and the Chief Secretary Lilamani Paudel. The professor refused to hold talks with the ministers as there were concerns about loopholes in the law and the government forcing its way through existing rules to grant the new medical colleges affiliation. Meanwhile, the medical community and various leaders and celebrities expressed support for the protest movement. Nepal Medical Association urged all medical services to be halted except for emergency services. K.C. maintained that he was against the strike.Meanwhile, the professor's health deteriorated further. When the government of Nepal succumbed to mounting pressure and agreed to most of K.C. 's agenda, he broke his fast and the Nepal Medical Association and other supporters of the movement retracted the proposed protest measures. K.C. sat on his sixth fast unto death from 24 August 2015 to 6 September as the Nepali government, heavily influenced by politicians and merchants, tried to deregulate medical colleges by undermining the Mathema report. The fast again ended with 11 commitments from the government to keep regulations. K.C.began his eighth fast against the CIAA for the reform of medical education on 10 July 2016. Eleventh hunger strike
Dr. K.C. began his eleventh fast unto death from 24 July 2017 with a seven-point demand for medical education reform. He demanded that Kedar Bhakta Mathema lead the committee's recommendation in the forthcoming Medical Education Bill. Fourteenth hunger strike
On 8 January 2018, following the decision of the Supreme Court to reinstate Dr. Shashi Sharma as Dean of the Institute of Medicine, Dr. K.C. called a press conference to condemn the move and began his 14th hunger strike. Dr. K.C.accused the court of  "selling justice" and began his hunger strike to demand the resignation of Chief Justice Gopal Parajuli. He alleged that the Chief Justice was "a corrupt individual having links with the mafia". Since 2014, Parajuli has ruled in favor of private medical colleges and against the Nepal Medical Council, the regulatory body governing medical education in the country, with rulings favoring seven for-profit medical colleges in the country. Later that evening, the Supreme Court ordered K.C's arrest for contempt of court. He was arrested by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Police from TU Teaching hospital, where the hunger strike was being staged, and taken to the Singha Durbar Police Circle. Nepal Medical Association (NMA) demanded the release of Dr. K.C. and condemned the incident.NMA stated that Dr. K.C. had brought positive changes to the medical sector through his hunger strikes. On 9 January 2018, K.C. was presented before the SC and a hearing was scheduled for 10 January. K.C. remained in custody until the hearing. In his statement at the court, K.C.stated that "Parajuli had lobbied and secured a job for his nephew at the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA) as the commission's legal counselor despite the SC decision in favor of the former CIAA chief commissioner Lokman Singh Karki." On 10 January 2018, he was released on a general date without bail by the Supreme Court. The Court ordered that the controversy of Chief Justice Gopal Parajuli's citizenship and the case of Dr. Shashi Sharma would be reopened. Dr. K.C. 's lawyer Surendra Bhandari stated on K.C. 's behalf that K.C.had accused the Chief Justice Parajuli of his corrupt actions. Similarly, K.C. upon his release, stated:

Fifteenth hunger strike
Dr. K.C. initiated his 15th fast-unto-death in Jumla on June 30, 2018 to protest against alterations made to the Medical Education Ordinance Replacement Bill among other issues made by the government led by K. P. Oli. Personal life
<mask> is unmarried and lived within the hospital quarters until he retired from IoM. His family includes his mother and two brothers. When asked by Vijay Kumar Pandey in a television interview to list his three priorities in his life, he listed service to his patients and his students – and no third priority.Recently, he has been living with an unspecified relative in Kathmandu. References

External links
Who is Dr. Govinda K.C.? | Epomedicine

Nepalese health activists
Nepalese orthopedic surgeons
Living people
1957 births
People from Ramechhap District
Hunger strikers
Khas people


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<mask> (born September 29, 1958 in Cleveland, Ohio) is a former television news anchor and a nine-time Emmy Award-winner. She is best known for her years as a prime-time weekday anchor for two different Chicago television stations. She has also appeared in several major movies (see Film credits) and at least one television dramatic series (see Television credits). She is the first African-American woman to anchor the prime-time news in Chicago. She entered the Chicago TV market as a reporter after a successful career as newspaper journalist. She earned an advanced degree in journalism at Columbia University in New York. Biography

Education
<mask> earned an undergraduate degree in politics and mass communications from Cleveland State University and a master's degree from Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in New York City.Career
<mask> began her career as a print journalist in Cleveland Ohio for The Plain Dealer in the late 1970s until 1980. At that time, she moved to New York and completed her master's degree in journalism at Columbia University in 1981. From 1981 until 1983, she was at WPIX. In 1983, she joined NBC-affiliated WCMH television as a general assignment reporter, where she was named news anchor in 1984. From 1985 until 2003, she was the 5pm and 10pm weekday news anchor at American Broadcasting Company (ABC) owned and operated WLS-TV Chicago, where she was Chicago's highest-paid television news professional before joining WBBM-TV in 2003 as the weekday 5pm, 6pm and 10pm news anchor, until leaving WBBM in 2008. WBBM is owned and operated by CBS (CBS Worldwide, Inc.). ABC is a division of The Walt Disney Company’s Disney-ABC Television Group.Most dangerous live reports
  War-torn Somalia, where she was not embedded with US troops, but on her own. No makeup, no lighting, no running water, no teleprompters. Reporting live just outside a mobile home rigged with enough explosives to destroy an entire neighborhood in Glenview, Cook County, Illinois—the bomb was part of a booby-trap left for rescuers and police responding to the body in a suicide. Most dramatic live on-camera moments
  With Nelson Mandela during his first United States tour after his release after 27 years as a political prisoner under apartheid in South Africa. Questioning the man just arrested for (and later convicted of) murdering Michael Jordan's father. Career timeline
1974-79: Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
1979–80: The Plain Dealer (newspaper) Cleveland, Ohio
1980-81: Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, New York, NY
1981-84: WPIX Television, a Tribune company, New York, NY
1984-85: WCMH Television, an NBC affiliate, Columbus, Ohio
1985–2003: WLS Television, owned and operated by ABC, a Walt Disney Company, Chicago, Illinois
2003-08: WBBM Television, CBS-owned and operated, Chicago, Illinois
2008-2011: Next TV, Chicago Urban League, Chicago, Illinois
2011–present: Diann <mask> Media, Los Angeles, California

Awards
Among <mask>' many awards are nine Emmys - one national and eight regional. Volunteer work and philanthropy
<mask> and her charitable foundation awarded record scholarships for underprivileged students to go to college.She is the spokesperson for Pediatric Aids Chicago. She also works with Girls in the Game, an organization that promotes fitness and health as a way to teach girls to persevere and gain confidence to careers. <mask> is active with the Ronald McDonald House, the Northern Illinois Chapter of the Multiple Sclerosis Society, and The Support Group, an organization that assists high school students with school work and home life by providing tutoring and social services. She lends her time and talent to the benefit of numerous other causes, especially organizations that focus on children and education. Family
Until recently, <mask> and her now teen-aged son resided in Chicago's Lincoln Park, see: "Chicago TV Anchor <mask> <mask> sells her Lincoln Park Mansion for $4,525,000" - Curbed.com (paraphrased, see article). There are unconfirmed reports (not confirmed by <mask> herself) that she may be relocating to California for a career opportunity, as published in various media outlets. Film credits
<mask> appeared in several major motion pictures, playing herself, including:
Richie Rich 1994, starring Macaulay Culkin.Primal Fear (film) 1996, starring Richard Gere. The Negotiator 1998, starring Samuel L. Jackson. Televisions credits
<mask> is known to have appeared in at least one television dramatic role as someone other than herself:
Boss - 2011, episode 5, starring Kelsey Grammer, on Starz. References

External links
 NEW YORK TIMES: <mask> <mask> Filmography
 OBAMA's Executive Sounding Board (BUSINESSWEEK Magazine and MSNBC News)
 Starz TV Appearance for <mask> <mask> on Kelsey Grammer's BOSS (YourEntertainment)
 <mask> <mask> Gets More Than $4.5 Million For Her Lincoln Park Mansion (paraphrased) Curbed.com
 EBONY Magazine: <mask> <mask> - High Profile Chicago Media... (via FindArticles.com)
 NBC 4 - NEW YORK - $4,825,000 for a Chicago TV Anchor's Lincoln Park Mansion
 PR NewsWire: <mask> <mask> Hosts Second Season of Urban League's NextTV
 EARLIER Real Estate Deal Nets <mask> <mask> Over $1 Million (paraphrased) - Chicago Tribune
 Official Website: <mask> <mask> Live! Facebook: <mask> <mask> - Verified
 <mask> Burns Media Co. - Facebook - Verified
 Twitter: <mask> <mask> - Verified
 LinkedIn: <mask> <mask>, President Diann Burns Media Co. - Verified
 <mask> <mask>' Facebook #2
 CBS2 Chicago's 10pm ratings UP 22% since adding <mask> <mask> - HighBeam / Crain's Chicago Business (paraphrased)
 Chicago's 100 Most Influential Women - Crain's Chicago Business
 HistoryMakers - Biography: <mask> <mask>
 YAHOO! Filmography: Diann <mask>
 2nd Emmy Award Winning Season of NextTV for Diann Burns - Target Market News
 TV Guide Biography: Diann Burns
 Diann Supports American Red Cross
 News Anchor To Host URBAN LEAGUE'S Next TV Series - Chicago Defender News Company
 YAHOO! News: More Than $4.5 Million for News Anchor Diann Burns (paraphrased)
 Fox Chicago Season #2 for Diann Burns - Hip Hop Press
 SOLD!- Chicago Real Estate News Flash - from ChicagoLand Real Estate Forum (paraphrased)
 NBC 5 Chicago: $4,825,000 for a Chicago TV Anchor's Lincoln Park Mansion
 Pediatric Aids Chicago Foundation Gains Support From <mask> <mask>

1958 births
Living people
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni
African-American journalists
African-American television personalities
Television personalities from Cleveland
Television anchors from Chicago
Journalists from Ohio
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American people

masks:
Diann Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
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Burns
Burns
Burns
Diann
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
Burns
Diann
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Diann
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Diann
Burns