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<mask> (or <mask><mask>; 20 February 1903, Geneva – 27 March 1997, Chandolin) was a Swiss adventurer, travel writer and photographer, as well as a sportswoman. Early life
<mask>t was the second child, born to a wealthy fur trader from Geneva. Her father was Swiss and her mother was Danish. At the age of 20 she and a friend sailed from Cannes to Corsica, then to Sardinia, Sicily and Greece. She competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics as a sailor in the Olympic monotype competition where she was the only female competitor and finished ninth out of 17. At this time she was also the captain of the Swiss Women's field hockey team and was an international skier. Career

From the 1930s onwards she spent years exploring Muslim republics of the USSR, as well as other parts of Asia, and published a rich series of books which, just as her photographs, are today considered valuable historical testimonies.Her early books were written in French but later she began to write in English. Turkestan Solo describes a journey in 1932 in Soviet Turkestan. Photos from this journey are now displayed in the <mask>t wing of the Karakol Historical Museum. In 1934, the French daily Le Petit Parisien sent her to Manchuria to report on the situation under the Japanese occupation. It was there that she met Peter Fleming, a well-known writer and correspondent of The Times, with whom she would team up to cross China from Peking to Srinagar (3,500 miles), much of the route being through hostile desert regions and steep Himalayan passes. The journey started in February 1935 and took seven months to complete, involving travel by train, on lorries, on foot, horse and camelback. Their objective was to ascertain what was happening in Xinjiang (then also known as Sinkiang or Chinese Turkestan) where the Kumul Rebellion had just ended.Maillart and Fleming met the Hui Muslim forces of General Ma Hushan. <mask> later recorded this trek in her book Forbidden Journey, while Peter Fleming's parallel account is found in his News from Tartary. In 1937 Maillart returned to Asia for Le Petit Parisien to report on Afghanistan, Iran and Turkey, while in 1939 she undertook a trip from Geneva to Kabul by car, in the company of the Swiss writer, Annemarie Schwarzenbach. The Cruel Way is the title of Maillart's book about this experience, cut short by the outbreak of the second World War. She spent the war years at Tiruvannamalai in the South of India, learning from different teachers about Advaita Vedanta, one of the schools of Hindu philosophy. On her return to Switzerland in 1945, she lived in Geneva and at Chandolin, a mountain village in the Swiss Alps. She continued to ski until late in life and last returned to Tibet in 1986.Legacy
<mask>'s manuscripts and documents are kept at the Bibliothèque de Genève (Library of the City of Geneva), her photographic work is deposited at the Musée de l'Élysée in Lausanne, and her documentary films (on Afghanistan, Nepal and South India) are part of the collection of the Swiss Film Archive in Lausanne, Switzerland. Un entretien avec Bertil Galland, 54 min., Les Films Plans fixes, Lausanne, 1984
 <mask>t chez Bernard Pivot (émission La vie est un long fleuve tranquille), INA, France, 1989
 Entretiens avec <mask>t: Le Monde mon héritage (radio interviews and the film Les itinéraires d'<mask>t, a 1973 Swiss TV production), 2009. "Double Journey" 43 minutes. A documentary about her 1939 trip by auto from Switzerland to Afghanistan in the company of Annemarie Schwarzenbach. The film was presented  at the National Gallery of Art in Washington by its director Antonio Bigini in March 2016. Publications concerning <mask>t
 News from Tartary by Peter Fleming, 1936
 Mount Ida by Monk Gibbon, 1948
 A Forgotten Journey by Peter Fleming, 1952
 Kini, le monde à bras le corps. Une biographie d’<mask>t, by Ingrid Thobois et Géraldine Alibeu, 2019

Honours
 Prix Schiller, Switzerland (1953)
 Sir Percy Sykes Memorial Medal of the Royal Society for Asian Affairs, London (1955)
 Prix quadriennal de la Ville de Genève (1987)
 Prix littéraire Alexandra David-Neel (1989)
 Grand Prix du Livre maritime, Festival de Concarneau (1991)
 Prix et Médaille Léon Dewez de la Société de Géographie de Paris (1994)

References

 "Ella Maillart", dans Nicolas Bouvier, L'Échappée belle, éloge de quelques pérégrins, Genève, 1996, Editions Metropolis, pp.117 – 1334. External links
 Official bibliography

 ''Voyage, Voyage'': A portrait of <mask>t
"Toils and Troubles in Xinjiang Province: Following <mask>, Peter and a dream through the Taklamakan"

1903 births
1997 deaths
20th-century travel writers
Swiss travel writers
Swiss female alpine skiers
Swiss female field hockey players
Swiss female sailors (sport)
Olympic sailors of Switzerland
Sailors at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Monotype
Sportspeople from Geneva
Swiss women photographers
20th-century Swiss photographers
Violence against women in China
20th-century women photographers

masks:
Ella Maillart
Ella K
. Maillart
Ella Maillar
Ella Maillar
Ella Maillart
Ella Maillart
Ella Maillar
Ella Maillar
Ella Maillar
Ella Maillar
Ella Maillar
Ella Maillar
Ella


type: original

texts:
<mask> (born May 29, 1988) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently the Director of Goalie Development for the Oakville Rangers of the Ontario Minor Hockey Association (OMHA). During his National Hockey League career, he played for the Columbus Blue Jackets, Philadelphia Flyers and Winnipeg Jets. He was selected 69th overall in the 2006 NHL Entry Draft by the Blue Jackets. Playing major junior in the Ontario Hockey League (OHL), <mask> spent three seasons with the London Knights and Kitchener Rangers. In the 2006–07 season, he was named OHL Goaltender of the Year. He joined the Blue Jackets in 2008–09 and won the Calder Memorial Trophy as rookie of the year. Internationally, he won a gold medal with Team Canada at the 2008 World Junior Championships while earning tournament MVP and Best Goaltender honours.Playing career
<mask> grew up in Oakville, Ontario, playing mostly A hockey until his Bantam year, when he moved up to the AAA level with the Oakville Rangers of the OMHA's South Central AAA League. He was drafted after his minor midget season with Oakville by the London Knights of the OHL in the 11th round of the 2004 OHL Priority Selection. In 2004–05, while attending Abbey Park High School, he led the Grimsby Peach Kings club to the OHA Jr.C. title in 2004–05 and in 2005–06 was assigned to the Petrolia Jets Jr.B. club when his playing time was limited with London. Despite this, <mask> was selected by the Columbus Blue Jackets in the third round, 69th overall, in the 2006 NHL Entry Draft. He started the 2007–08 season with the Blue Jackets, but was returned to London after being a healthy scratch for Columbus' first two games of the season.While competing for Team Canada at the 2008 World Junior Championships, he was traded by the Knights to the Kitchener Rangers on January 4, 2008, hours before the semi-final game. Upon returning from the World Junior Championships with a gold medal, <mask> was briefly recalled by the Blue Jackets on an emergency basis in February, but did not appear in a game and was quickly returned. <mask> suffered a knee injury towards the end of the regular season, but with the playoffs approaching, he tried to play through it for several weeks. After defeating the Plymouth Whalers in the first round, <mask> was pulled out of the line-up and underwent arthroscopic knee surgery on April 18, forcing him to miss the remainder of the OHL playoffs, as well as the 2008 Memorial Cup. Kitchener won the OHL championship without <mask>, but lost 4–1 in the Memorial Cup final against the Spokane Chiefs of the Western Hockey League (WHL). Columbus Blue Jackets

Before his first professional season, <mask> underwent an additional knee surgery in September, causing him to miss the first month of play in the American Hockey League (AHL) with the Blue Jackets' minor league affiliate, the Syracuse Crunch. Shortly after recovering and joining the Crunch's line-up, <mask> was called up by the Blue Jackets on November 4, 2008, in the absence of injured starter Pascal Leclaire.He made his NHL debut on November 5, starting against, and defeating, the Edmonton Oilers 5–4. He recorded his first NHL shutout several games later on November 22, making 15 saves in a 2–0 win against the Atlanta Thrashers. <mask> continued to start games upon Leclaire's return from injury and was named NHL Rookie of the Month for November after posting a 5–2–1 record, including three straight wins and two shutouts. In the midst of shutout streak, having not allowed a goal against the Philadelphia Flyers, Los Angeles Kings and Anaheim Ducks, he was named Rookie of the Month for a second-straight month in December. Along with <mask>'s three straight shutouts, he posted a 7–5–0 record, 1.41 goals against average (GAA) and .950 save percentage for the month. Chosen to play for the rookies at the 2009 NHL YoungStars Game, he opted, however, to skip the competition. It was later revealed on January 30, 2009, by Blue Jackets General Manager Scott Howson that <mask> had been suffering from mononucleosis for the previous three-to-four weeks.After three more starts, on February 8, <mask> was put on the injured reserve. He returned to the line-up on February 13 against the Detroit Red Wings in a 3–2 Columbus victory. <mask> finished the season with a 33–20–7 record, 2.29 GAA and .916 save percentage. For his season's performances, he was awarded the 2009 Calder Memorial Trophy for rookie of the year honours, edging out Kris Versteeg of the Chicago Blackhawks and Bobby Ryan of the Anaheim Ducks in the process. Additionally, on April 27, 2009, the NHL announced that <mask> was nominated for the Vezina Trophy as the NHL's top goaltender, along with Tim Thomas of the Boston Bruins and Niklas Bäckström of the Minnesota Wild. Thomas was eventually awarded the trophy. The next three seasons were a disappointment for <mask>, however, as he was unable to duplicate the play of his rookie year, and the Blue Jackets failed to make another playoff appearance.Philadelphia Flyers
<mask> was traded on April 3, 2013, to the Philadelphia Flyers for goaltender Michael Leighton and a 2015 third round draft pick. On April 8, <mask> signed a one-year contract extension worth $1.5 million. <mask> had four wins and two losses in Philadelphia and posted an impressive 1.90 GAA and a .944 save percentage, leading to speculation that <mask> would replace Ilya Bryzgalov as the starter for Philadelphia. In the off-season, on June 25, 2013, Bryzgalov was bought-out by the Flyers, where the team subsequently signed goaltender Ray Emery, effectively promoting <mask> to the starter's role. On November 12, 2013, <mask> recorded his first shutout for Philadelphia against the Ottawa Senators in a 5–0 win. On January 18, 2014, <mask> signed a three-year contract extension with the Flyers worth $12.3 million for an annual average of $4.1 million. <mask> finished the 2013-14 season with a 33-18-7 record and a .917 save percentage, which was enough to bring the Flyers to the playoffs.In the playoffs, <mask> started 4 games and played in 5, going 2-2 with a 1.97 GAA and a .939 save percentage, but the Flyers were eliminated by the New York Rangers in 7 games. Winnipeg Jets
On July 1, 2017, as an unrestricted free agent from the Flyers, <mask> signed a two-year deal with the Winnipeg Jets worth $8.3 million. On June 30, 2018, <mask> was traded to the Montreal Canadiens along with forward Joel Armia and a few draft picks for defenceman Simon Bourque. Minutes after acquiring him, the Canadiens sent him to waivers in order to buy out his contract. <mask>'s contract was not picked up by another team, thus making him an unrestricted free agent. After a lack of interest in the free agent market, <mask> opted to retire from playing and return to his hometown of Oakville to serve as the Director of Goalie Development for the Oakville Rangers, a youth team in Oakville. International play

<mask> first competed for Team Canada at the under-20 level in the eight-game 2007 Super Series against Russia.He then led Team Canada to a gold medal at the 2008 IIHF World Junior Hockey Championships in Pardubice, Czech Republic. Prior to the semi-final game against Team USA, <mask> was traded within the OHL from the London Knights to the Kitchener Rangers. After defeating Team Sweden 3–2 in overtime of the gold medal game, he was named as the player of the game, as he was in the semi-finals. <mask> was undefeated in five games with a tournament-best .951 save percentage and 1.19 GAA. He was named to the tournament all-star team, received top goaltender honours, and was named tournament MVP. Following his rookie NHL season, <mask> was named to Team Canada's summer orientation camp for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. He was not named to the final roster, but he was reported to have been designated an injury replacement, along with St. Louis Blues goaltender <mask>.Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Awards
Junior
Named OHL Goaltender of the Year in 2007. NHL
Named Rookie of the Month for November and December 2008. The Sporting News' Rookie of the Year 2009. Named to the NHL Second All-Star Team in 2009. Calder Memorial Trophy winner in 2009.
International
Named Player of the Game in the semi-final (against Team USA) and gold medal game (against Sweden) at the 2008 World Junior Championships. Named to the World Junior all-star team in 2008. IIHF Best Player Award at the goaltender position at the World Juniors in 2008.Tournament MVP at the World Juniors in 2008. Other
Glove save on Craig Adams of the Pittsburgh Penguins voted by Flyers fans as the team's "Highlight of the Year" during the 2014–15 season. Records
Set the OHL record for regular season wins with 45 in 2006–07 (broken by Andrew Engelage of the Windsor Spitfires with 46 wins in 2008–09)
Set the CHL record for assists by a goaltender with 8 in 2007. References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Calder Trophy winners
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Columbus Blue Jackets draft picks
Columbus Blue Jackets players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Kitchener Rangers players
London Knights players
Manitoba Moose players
Philadelphia Flyers players
Sportspeople from Oakville, Ontario
Syracuse Crunch players
Winnipeg Jets players

masks:
Steve Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Mason
Chris Mason


texts:
<mask> (11 June 15407 February 1594), also spelt <mask> and Barnaby Goodge, was a poet and translator, one of the earliest English pastoral poets. Early life
<mask>, born 11 June 1540 (St Barnabas Day), in Alvingham, Lincolnshire, was the son of <mask> (d. 5 May 1557) of Chilwell, Nottinghamshire, Recorder of Lincoln during the reign of Queen Mary, son of John Goche of London and Newland, Gloucestershire, in the Forest of Dean, by Jane Bridges, daughter and heir of James Bridges of the Forest of Dean. His mother was Margaret Mantell (d.1540), the daughter of Sir Walter Mantell (d.1529) of Nether Heyford, Northamptonshire, by Margaret Wood (d.1577), one of the daughters and coheirs of Oliver Wood, esquire. Margaret Wood married twice after the death of Sir Walter Mantell (d.1529). Her second husband was Sir William Haute (d.1539) of Bishopsbourne, Kent, whose daughter, Jane Haute (d. in or after 1595), was the wife of the rebel, Thomas Wyatt. Margaret Wood's third husband was Sir James Hales. Googe's mother died when he was six weeks old, and according to Lyne, he 'was probably brought up in Kent by his grandmother, Lady Hales'.By his father's second marriage to Ellen Gadbury, widow of a husband surnamed Parris, and daughter of a London goldsmith, he had a half brother, Robert Googe. By licence dated 21 May 1563, Ellen (née Gadbury) married William Burnell (d.1570), esquire, of Winkburn, Nottinghamshire, Auditor to Henry VIII. It is said that Googe 'came to dislike his stepmother intensely'. At his father's death on 5 May 1557, Googe inherited the manor of Horkstow and the lands of Alvingham Priory in Lincolnshire, and a house in London formerly owned by his grandfather. He studied at Christ's College, Cambridge and at New College, Oxford, but does not seem to have graduated from either. He became a ward of the Queen, and it appears his wardship remained unsold until January 1561, when his kinsman, William Cecil, became Master of the Court of Wards and Liveries, and Googe was allowed to purchase his own wardship for £80, payable over an eight-year term. On 26 June 1563 he was granted licence to enter on his lands.In his will Googe's father had requested his executors to have Googe educated at the Inns of Court, and by 29 March 1560 he was a member of Staple Inn, at the time associated with Gray's Inn, where his cousin, William Lovelace, held the position of Reader in 1562 and 1567. Another of Googe's associates at the Inns of Court was his cousin, Alexander Neville, of Gray's Inn. In a letter dated 1 October 1563, Cecil referred to Googe as his 'servant' and 'near kinsman'. According to Barrett, there is no record of the position he occupied in Cecil's household apart from reference to him as a retainer and the fact that he was present on special occasions such as the Queen's visit to Theobalds House in Hertfordshire in 1572, when he was 'placed high on the list of servants' and referred to as the first server for the first meal'. Previous authorities claimed that he became a gentleman pensioner to Queen Elizabeth, but this has been disproved. Nonetheless, Googe did have close associations with the court through his relationship to Cecil. He exploited this important connection in the years that followed, and Cecil extended patronage towards his young protégé.It may have been due to Cecil's encouragement that Googe accompanied the Elizabethan humanist scholar Sir Thomas Challoner on a diplomatic embassy to Spain in 1562. Googe had begun writing poetry, and found himself in an exciting creative coterie with other young writers, such as Jasper Heywood and George Turberville. During his absence in Spain, Googe's juvenile poems were sent to the printer by a friend, Laurence Blundeston. On his return, Googe learned of Blundeston's actions and reluctantly gave his consent to their publication when he discovered that the printer had already paid for the paper for the print run and the composition was underway. The book appeared in 1563 as Eglogs, Epytaphes, and Sonettes, with a dedication to William Lovelace. Before the appearance of his book, no writer in England had ever published his own poetry under his own name; in this, Googe was an accidental pioneer. Marriage and later life
Googe married Mary Darrell, one of the nine children of Thomas Darrell, esquire, of Scotney Castle, Kent, by his second wife, Mary Roydon, daughter of Thomas Roydon, esquire, of Roydon Hall (or Fortune) in East Peckham, Kent.Correspondence survives on the subject of Googe's marriage with Mary Darrell, whose father, Thomas Darrell, refused Googe's suit on the ground that she was bound by a previous contract to Sampson Lennard (154520 September 1615), son of John Lennard of Chevening, Kent. More to the point, recent research has shown that Thomas Darrell was a recusant who harboured Jesuit priests in his manor house of Scotney, near Lamberhurst in Kent. When Googe found his suit discouraged by Thomas Darrell, he appealed to his powerful contacts, and after intervention by his 'near kinsman', Sir William Cecil, the marriage duly took place in 1564 or 1565; Googe took his wife to live in Lamberhurst at the manor house of Chingley. They had seven sons, Matthew (c.1566-c.1624), Thomas (b.c.1568), <mask>, William, Henry, Robert and Francis, and a daughter, Mary. In 1569 Googe dedicated a long allegorical poem with a moralistic marine topic, The Shippe of Safegarde, to his sisters-in-law. By this time, Googe had served Cecil on a military expedition to Ireland, where he had contracted dysentery and nearly died. In 1571 he was returned as MP for Aldborough, Yorkshire.Further service in Ireland awaited him in 1582 when <mask> was appointed to the position of provost-marshal of the court of Connaught; some twenty letters of his in this capacity are preserved in the Public Record Office. Googe considered the post a hardship. He wrote to Burghley that "I here live amongst a sort of Scythians, wanting the comfort of my country, my poor wife and children". Googe repeatedly petitioned the political masters in London to be allowed to come home. On the death of his stepmother, Ellen (née Gadbury) in 1587 he received his inheritance. He finally succeeded in selling his office in the late 1580s. Googe's last known letter, dated 19 June 1587, was written from Lord Burghley's chamber at court.In it Googe mentioned his new home at Alvingham. He is thought to have retired there for the remainder of his life. He died at Alvingham about 7 February 1594, and was buried in Cockerington church. Poetry

Googe's poems are written in the plain or native style which preceded and subsequently competed with the Petrarchan style. Petrarchan love poetry (much of the work of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, Sir Philip Sidney, Thomas Campion...) was decorative, metaphorical and often exaggerated; it also involved a more fluid mastery of iambic English poetry than the alliterative Native Style: Googe's tonic accents are heavy, the unaccents light; the result is sometimes deliberately blunt and plodding. The poems of George Turberville, Thomas More, George Gascoigne and Walter Raleigh are examples of a similar style. Plain Style dealt with serious subjects in a serious way: its goal was not ornamental beauty, but truth.Googe's poem of Money ("Give money me, take friendship whoso list / For friends are gone come once adversity...") is a well-known example of the tradition. Googe was an ardent Protestant, and his poetry is coloured by his religious and political views. In the third "Eglog", for instance, he laments the decay of the old nobility and the rise of a new aristocracy of wealth, and he gives an indignant account of the sufferings of his co-religionists under Mary I of England. The other eclogues deal with the sorrows of earthly love, leading up to a dialogue between Corydon and Cornix, in which the heavenly love is extolled. The volume includes epitaphs on Nicholas Grimald, John Bale and on Thomas Phaer, whose translation of Virgil Googe esteemed. The English pastoral poem "Phyllida was a fayer maid" (from Tottel's Miscellany of 1558) has been doubtfully ascribed to Googe, despite showing little stylistic rapport with his acknowledged works. But Googe's important contribution to pastoral poetry in English rests with his cycle of eclogues that synthesise trends from classical pastoral, the work of Mantuan, and the pastoral elements of Spanish romance, and he was the first English writer to reflect the influence of the Diana Enamorada of Montemayor.His other works include: a translation from Marcellus Palingenius (said to be an anagram for Pier Angelo Manzolli) of a satirical Latin poem, Zodiacus vitae (Venice, 1531? ), in twelve books, under the title of The Zodyake of Life (1560); The Popish Kingdome, or reign of Antichrist (1570), translated from Thomas Kirchmeyer or Naogeorgus; The Spiritual Husbandrie from the same author, printed with the last Foure Bookes of Husbandrie (1577), collected by Conradus Heresbachius; The Overthrow of the Gout (1577), a translation from Christopher Ballista (Christophe Arbaleste), and The Proverbes of Lopes de Mendoza (1579). The Zodyake of Life was a significant translation, being adopted as a textbook for English grammar schools. As such, its ideas colour many of the works of English writers of the latter part of the sixteenth and the first part of the seventeenth centuries. Part of the book's appeal, in addition to its poetical astronomy, was its notoriety as a Reformist text: Palingenius was placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum by the Inquisition, and consequently enjoyed popularity in Protestant regions across Europe. See also
Canons of Renaissance poetry

Footnotes

References

External links

Will of Robert Goche of Chilwell, Nottinghamshire, proved 12 February 1558, PROB 11/40/86, National Archives Retrieved 2 September 2013
Will of John Goche, Mercer of London, proved 30 December 1541, PROB 11/28/635, National Archives Retrieved 2 September 2013
Will of William Burnell of Winkburn, Nottinghamshire, proved 28 November 1573, PROB 11/55/486, National Archives Retrieved 2 September 2013

1540 births
1594 deaths
People from Kent
16th-century English poets
English translators
Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge
Latin–English translators
16th-century translators
English MPs 1571
English male poets
People from East Lindsey District
People from Lamberhurst

masks:
Barnabe Googe
Barnabe Goche
Barnabe Googe
Robert Googe
Barnabe
Googe


texts:
<mask> (; ; born 22 November 1966) is a Russian oligarch, billionaire businessman, and investor. In 2010 <mask> was the 10th wealthiest man in Russia. As of 2021, Rybolovlev had a reported net worth of $6.7 billion, which ranked him 391st on Forbess list of billionaires. Rybolovlev owned the potash producer Uralkali and, in 2011, became the majority owner and President of Monaco's football club AS Monaco. As of July 2021, <mask> is ranked 391st on Forbess list of billionaires with a net worth of $6.7 billion. He is one of the alleged victims of Swiss art transporter Yves Bouvier as part of The Bouvier Affair. Early business career
<mask> entered the business world in 1990 after graduating with honors from the Perm Medical Institute.He first started working as a doctor but then decided to engage in business. While in his third year in medical school, he married Elena, a fellow student, and in 1989 his eldest daughter, Ekaterina, was born. Because a doctor's income was not enough to support a family in the final years of the Soviet Union, <mask> began his first business project, a small medical enterprise that served the workers of local factories he set up together with his father, a professor of medicine. Rybolovlev earned his first million dollars by reselling products, which the factories used to pay for in services rather than cash as was then a common practice in Russia. In 1992, <mask> went to Moscow to take a business course and received a brokerage license from the Russian Ministry of Finance, one of the first in Russian and the first in the Perm region, which permitted him to trade and deal with securities. Upon his return to Perm, he founded a brokerage and investment company and started buying up shares of local enterprises such as Uralkali, Silvinit, Azot, Metafrax, Solikamskbumprom. Development of Uralkali
In early 1994, Rybolovlev persuaded directors of these and some other enterprises to establish a bank, which he headed.He later decided to concentrate on two assets, Uralkali and Silvinit, given that the Russian potash industry was underdeveloped at the time due to the lack of interest from investors, unlike in the oil and gas sectors. Additionally, no one had been able to acquire controlling stakes in the industry's firms. In 1993 to 1995, Rybolovlev's portfolio included securities of Uralkali, Silvinit, Metafrax and Neftekhimik. These companies jointly developed the Verkhnekamskoye potash deposit, one of the world's largest. The violent nature of capital accumulation in early to mid-1990s Russia, including in the country's industrially developed regions like the Perm Krai, gave rise to violent criminals battling over control of companies and imposing "protection" fees on businesses. Refusing to cooperate with criminal gangs, <mask> was forced to hire a bodyguard in 1993 before moving his family to safety in Switzerland in 1995. He also assigned bodyguards to all the directors of his enterprises, with only one, Evgeny Panteleimonov, director of Neftekhimik, refusing to accept.Together with <mask>, he had insisted on stopping the supply of the company's products through a mafia-controlled straw firm, "Trade House FD". That same year, Evgeny Panteleimonov was killed at the doorstep of his house. A local gangster Oleg Lomakin turned out to be the organizer of the murder and was detained in April 1996. He accused <mask> of being behind the murder (in order to get a lighter sentence), leading to <mask> being arrested and spending 11 months in pretrial detention. Oleg Lomakin eventually withdrew his testimony, and, together with two accomplices, was sentenced to 15 years in prison for the murder of Panteleimonov. The judge concluded that the gangsters had killed the director of the company for breaking off relations with "Trade House FD". In 1997, <mask> was acquitted by courts of law at three levels, including the Presidium of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.In media reports, <mask> stated that he was extorted in jail to sell the shares of his company in exchange for his freedom, but had refused. Growth and IPO
Over the next 15 years, <mask> focused on developing Uralkali and eventually built it into a major global enterprise. According to the Russian business newspaper Vedomosti, by 2000 he had consolidated his controlling interest in the company and begun to reform and develop it. While in 2000 the capitalization of Uralkali was around $15 million, in eight years it reached $20 billion. While the overall market outlook for mineral fertilizers improved over this time, reforms made under <mask>'s leadership played an important role in transforming a Soviet era enterprise into a worldwide industry leader. In 2000, Rybolovlev replaced the entire management of Uralkali, setting an increase in labor productivity as a key indicator, and as a result, the it increased by 2.5 times in the period from 2000 to 2007. Following this rapid growth throughout the early 2000s, in 2002 Uralkali built the Baltic Bulk Terminal in St. Petersburg port as its own transport hub, providing the company with a high-tech universal transshipment complex for mineral fertilizers, and thereby improving logistics capabilities.In 2005, Uralkali and Belarusian potash producer Belaruskali combined their trade flows via a single trader, the Belarusian Potash Company (BPC). There were plans to float Uralkali on the London Stock Exchange in 2006, but Rybolovlev canceled the listing after the order book had already been closed because he considered the company's valuation by investors to be unfairly low. As it would soon show, the decision turned out to be correct in many respects, since just a few days after the cancellation of the IPO, a major accident occurred at one of Uralkali's mines. Uralkali's IPO finally went ahead in 2007, making it one of the most successful in the history of Russian business. For 14.38% of shares Uralkali raised almost $1 billion, with demand for shares exceeding supply by 23 times. The listing attracted major international investors due to the company's strong financial results and proved to be a pivot point for the traditionally closed off Russian chemical industry, setting new standards for corporate governance transparency. In June 2010, Rybolovlev sold a 53% shareholding in Uralkali to a group of Russian investors: Kaliha Finance Limited (Suleiman Kerimov, 25%), Aerellia Investments Limited (Alexander Nesis, 15%) and Becounioco Holdings Limited (Filaret Galchev, 13.2%).The transaction price was not disclosed, but was reported to be around $5.3 billion. In December 2010, Uralkali bought a 20% stake in Silvinit for $1.4 billion from Rybolovlev. The merger was finalized in July 2011, after Rybolovlev had sold the remaining shares of Uralkali. Berezniki mine collapse
In October 2006, a freshwater spring began flowing into one of Uralkali's mines under the city of Berezniki, leading the walls and pillars supporting the ceilings of large caverns to dissolve. There were attempts to keep the mine operable, but Rybolovlev decided to close it to avoid fatalities. As a result, mining equipment worth tens of millions of dollars and unexploited reserves of potash ore remained underground, but human casualties were avoided. As a result of the mine's collapse, large sinkholes appeared around the mine and in the city of Berezniki, forcing some 12,000 residents to evacuate their homes.New sinkholes continue to appear regularly throughout the Perm region though it is not clear whether all of them are caused by mining activities. The causes of the accident were investigated by commissions of Rostekhnadzor, the Ministry of Emergencies and the Ministry of Natural Resources. The investigation concluded that the accident occurred for geological reasons, specifically a "previously unknown anomaly of geological structure". Then-head of the Ministry of Emergency Situations Sergei Shoygu said that "the situation that we have today has been accumulating for decades. There are mistakes, including wartime, when very active and, perhaps, not very cautious works were performed". The neutrality of the commission's report has been challenged by some observers, who argued that the report was partly written by OAO Galurgia, a company affiliated to Uralkali. Some Russian sources claimed that Uralkali failed to undertake all the necessary work in order to fill the holes in the mines, which may have directly caused the appearance of the sinkholes.Uralkali repeatedly denied the allegations, with Russian economic newspaper Kommersant reporting that the company's experts carried out the backfilling of the mines based on the technical projects and mining operations plans in the volumes necessary to ensure the safety of existing mines. When Rybolovlev became a shareholder in Uralkali, the company began to actively engage in backfilling the voids inherited from the Soviet era. More than 70% of the funding was provided by Uralkali, the rest came from the federal budget. A report in The New York Times suggested that the situation was partially caused by the fact that Berezniki began as a Soviet labor camp, and was built directly over the mine to be within marching distance of work areas. In October 2008, Russian Vice Premier Igor Sechin reopened the investigation, prompting speculation in international news outlets, including The New York Times, that a raider attack had been launched against Uralkali. The results of this investigation turned out to be almost identical to the conclusion of the first investigation, namely that the cause of the accident was a combination of geological and technological factors. In December 2008, Uralkali pledged to pay $218 million to the Russian government as compensation for costs incurred by the mine collapse.In February 2009, the company agreed to a payment of $71.8 million to the Perm region. Investment in Bank of Cyprus
In September 2010, Rybolovlev bought a 9.7% stake in Cyprus largest bank, Bank of Cyprus. Rybolovlev's investment in Bank of Cyprus followed significant financial dealings in the country. Following the country's deep recession, on 25 March 2013 the Eurogroup agreed with the government of Cyprus that the Bank of Cyprus would take over the remnants of Laiki Bank. To finance the deal and save Bank of Cyprus from bankruptcy, it was also decided that accounts over €100,000 would suffer a haircut on their assets of about 50%, which mostly wiped out <mask>lev relocated to Monaco in 2010 and in December 2011, a trust acting on behalf of <mask>'s daughter Ekaterina, bought a 66% stake in the Monegasque association football club AS Monaco FC.The club was in a bad state at the time, playing at the bottom of the French second league and highly in debt, and the Monaco Palace was looking for an investor to improve the club's prospects. According to French media reports, Ryboloblev acquired the club for a symbolic €1, but with a commitment to invest at least €100 million ($129.4 million) into the club over the next four years. The remaining 33% stake in the club is owned by Monaco's ruling family, the House of Grimaldi, with <mask>'s acquisition of the stake in the club approved by Prince Albert II of Monaco. <mask> was subsequently appointed president of the club. Though historically Monaco is one of France's most successful clubs, they were struggling at the time of <mask>'s arrival, and had been relegated to the second tier of French football, Ligue 2. Étienne Franzi, AS Monaco's former president, and the DNCG, the French football authority, both gave positive assessments of the club's progress after Rybolovlev's first year of ownership in December 2012. In May 2013, Monaco was promoted to Ligue 1 after securing the second division title.Monaco became one of the most prodigious spenders in European football in the summer of 2013 under <mask>'s presidency, spending £146 million on players including Radamel Falcao, James Rodríguez and João Moutinho. Ricardo Carvalho and Eric Abidal were also signed on free transfers with large salaries. Rodríguez and Falcao subsequently left Monaco in the summer of 2014, the latter leaving on loan to Manchester United and Chelsea (returning to Monaco in 2016) and the former being sold to Real Madrid for almost double the transfer fee Monaco had paid Porto for his services one year prior. The transfers were explained by Monaco's vice president Vadim Vasilyev as part of a new strategy. He stated that "There are two ways to go... One is either you invest a lot of money and do it quickly, the other is you build up an intelligent project and you have to base yourself on your academy and sound principles of working and scouting well and basically that's what we've decided to do." In January 2014, Monaco agreed to pay the governing body of French football, the Ligue de Football Professionnel (LFP), a one-off voluntary payment of €50 million to remain exempt from a ruling by the LFP that its clubs must have their head offices located in France. Based in the tax haven of Monaco, the club managed to avoid the effects of tax increases in neighboring France.Rybolovlev and the head of the French league, Noël Le Graët, had initially failed to find an agreement over the matter and Rybolovlev had initiated legal action against the league which was later dropped. The €50 million figure was calculated by the league as the amount saved by Monaco a result of their unique location. In July 2015, The State Council, France's highest court for administrative matters, announced that the agreement between the LFP and Monaco should be annulled, therefore AS Monaco no longer had to pay €50 million and had no obligation to move its headquarters out of the Principality. The departure of star players and a decline in spending was also attributed by Vasilyev to the introduction of the UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations and the resultant threat of sanctions. In an interview, Vasilyev dismissed claims that the Russian management were selling the Monaco's best assets before leaving and stated that Rybolovlev remained "strongly committed" to the club. In a March 2015 interview with Nice Matin, Rybolovlev reiterated that his plans for the club are long-term. In 2017, Monaco enjoyed its most successful season yet, winning the French Ligue 1 title and reaching the semi-final of the European Champions League.Reflecting on the club's unexpected success, The Independent wrote that "Monaco's policy of buying low and selling high has made the club a true Champion's League power at last" and called Monaco as "one of the best run clubs in Europe". In an interview to Nice Matin in May 2018, Prince Albert II thanked <mask> "for all his action in the management of the ASM". In July 2018, media reported that Rybolovlev was a potential buyer of Chinese businessman Li Yonghong's stake in AC Milan, but the deal didn't materialize. Following an unsuccessful start to the 2018–2019 season, the club in October 2018 officially announced the departure of its head coach, Leonardo Jardim. On 13 October, the club confirmed Thierry Henry as the new head coach until 2021. On January 25, Henry was sacked after only 20 matches, of which only five ended in victory. He was replaced with his predecessor Jardim.In December 2019 the former Spain national team manager Robert Moreno was appointed as AS Monaco's head coach. In July 2020, former Bayern coach Niko Kovac became AS Monaco's new coach, replacing Robert Moreno. On 16 January 2019, AS Monaco announced a €55 million investment into a new "Centre for sporting excellence", a multifunctional sports complex, that was planned to include three football fields in addition to a fitness and medical centre, and a rehabilitation zone. It was announced that the investment will also include renovations on the Louis II stadium and the construction of a dormitory for the club's youth academy. In the summer of 2020, a new building of the AS Monaco football academy opened, and in March 2021 AS Monaco officially received the keys to its new performance centre in La Turbie. The works will be fully completed by summer 2022. Since the arrival of Rybolovlev in 2011, AS Monaco had six podiums in Ligue 1, one French Cup final, two French League Cup finals, and UEFA Champions League's semi-finals.In an interview to RMC radio in October 2021, Prince Albert II approved of the club's decision-making and assured that he has confidence in the management of the club's owner, <mask>. Philanthropy
Rybolovlev provided financial assistance to the reconstruction of Saint Petersburg's Oranienbaum Palace, as well as to the restoration of the Conception Convent (also known as Zachatyevsky Monastery) in Moscow. He donated €17.5 million for the re-building of the Cathedral of Nativity of Theotokos in Moscow, and was involved in the restoration of several icon paintings in the Cathedral of Exaltation of the Cross recreated in Belogorsk Saint Nicolas Monastery. <mask> is also involved in the

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 construction of the Russian Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas in Limassol, Cyprus, for estimated project costs of €5 million. With a size of 1050 m2, the church is expected to host 500 to 600 people once the constructions are completed. In April 2020, <mask> made a donation in the amount of 80 million rubles (more than $1 million) through his "Financial house" investment company to the Perm Territory Charitable Foundation to fight the coronavirus. It was announced in October 2020 that <mask> would make a personal donation to help rebuild the pitch of Saint-Martin-Vésubie, which was destroyed during Storm Alex.According to press reports, the donation follows a letter written by local 11 year old twins to <mask> asking for financial help for a stadium where ASM's academy spends a period of their pre-season on a yearly basis. The donation would amount to 250,000 Euros. In November 2021, <mask>'s family charitable foundation was founded in Lefkada (Greece) to support his philanthropic activities in the region. The initial capital of the fund amounted to 150 thousand euros. <mask> is also involved in Les Arts Gstaad, a new cultural center dedicated to music, arts and literature in the Swiss town Gstaad. Controversies

Pollution of Kama river
In June 2012, Green Patrol, a Russian environmental NGO, listed Uralkali as one of the top 100 polluters in Russia, based on information gathered during the previous years. An expedition organized into the Perm Krai by the same NGO in 2010, when <mask> was still the company's owner, revealed that Uralkali's sinks contained at least 16 harmful elements (including zinc and ammonium), exceeding the maximum permissible levels by 1,850 times.According to Green Patrol's President Roman Pukalov, Uralkali failed to fully disclose a complete list of harmful elements that it routinely ejected into the local river Kama. He described Kama water as "very polluted", declaring that small rivers around Berezniki had in fact turned into brine. Furthermore, Uralkali's environmental spending under Rybolovlev was exceptionally low. Panama Papers scandal
In April 2016, it was alleged by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) that <mask> used a company registered in the Virgin Islands to hide art from his former wife Elena during their divorce proceeding. <mask>'s use of offshore companies was described as a "textbook example of the lengths rich people go to protect their considerable wealth in case of a marital breakup" by the Süddeutsche Zeitung. However, subsequent media reports noted that the offshore structures established by the <mask> family trust pre-dated the divorce proceedings by several years. Furthermore, the family trust had publicly disclosed the companies as owners of the art works long before the Panama Papers report was published, a fact that the original Panama Papers report had omitted.Liberation of Georgi Bedjamov
Georgi Bedjamov, President of the Federation of Bobsleigh and Skeleton of Russia and former co-owner of Vneshprombank, was arrested in March 2016 in Monaco after an international arrest warrant was issued against him by the Russian authorities on charges of fraudulent bankruptcy and embezzlement. Bedjamov was liberated in July 2016 by the Prince, a decision that was later confirmed by the Monaco Appeal Court. Russian sources alleged that Rybolovlev helped Georgi Bedjamov escape Russian authorities, but Rybolovlev denied these claims in an interview to the French newspaper Le Parisien in late October 2016. Football Leaks scandal
In December 2016, the Football Leaks scandal revealed that <mask> and football agent Jorge Mendes had set up a secret system to illegally buy players' shares. Using a Cyprus-based offshore investment fund named Browsefish Limited, Rybolovlev manipulated the price of his own players through third-party ownerships (TPO). Rybolovlev resorted to the use of offshore companies to hide his identity, as TPO's are illegal in Europe. Investigations revealed for example that football player Fabinho was already 48.5% owned by <mask> when he was loaned to AS Monaco by Rio Ave F.C.AS Monaco denied these allegations and that such a scheme was ever put into place, arguing that reports published in the French and European press to the contrary "contain false information and many inaccuracies". Property

Trusts in the name of his <mask>'s daughter, Ekaterina, have made several significant property purchases around the world since 2008. The trusts have bought properties in Florida, Hawaii, New York City, Monaco, as well as two islands in Greece. <mask> also owns an estate in Saint-Tropez on the Cote d'Azur in the south of France, houses in Gstaad, Switzerland, and used to own property in Geneva and Paris with his former wife. In 2013, the property purchases were contested by <mask>'s wife, <mask>a, during the couple's divorce proceedings. United States

Florida
The New York Times reported that in 2008, <mask> and his wife made house-hunting trips to New York City and aimed to buy their first property in the US, eyeing an apartment at 15 Central Park West, but the seller eventually withdrew from the deal. <mask> subsequently looked to Florida, where American businessman Donald Trump was selling a 6 acres Palm Beach residence at the coast of the Atlantic Ocean.In 2008, Ekaterina <mask>a's trust bought the 18-bedroom Maison de L'Amitie in Palm Beach, Florida, from the American businessman Donald Trump. Amidst concerns during his campaign about rubbing shoulders with Russian officials, Trump has claimed that the sale of Maison de L'Amitié, which he purchased for $40 million in 2004 and sold to <mask> for $95 million, is the only dealing he has done with a Russian. In February 2018, Oregon Senator Ron Wyden wrote to the US Treasury Department to request records on the purchase of the property. However, a spokesman for the Rybolovev family reiterated that the deal has long been publicly scrutinized since it was announced over a decade ago. As of February 2018, the trust's investment in the property looked on track to yield a significant return. In 2016, Rybolovlev razed the mansion on the property after being granted permission to subdivide the land into three lots, two of which have since sold for a combined $71.34 million. The third lot of 2.23 acres was sold in July 2019 for $37.3 million.Although the property's price was originally listed at $42 million, all three lots were sold for a total of $108.2 million, still roughly $13 million more than what <mask> had paid for the property in 2008. New York
In December 2011, the trust bought a 10-room,  apartment at 15 Central Park West in New York City for $88 million, from Joan Weill, the wife of Sanford I. Weill, the former chairman of Citigroup. This was a record price for an apartment in the city at the time of its purchase. Hawaii
In 2011, Rybololev also bought a $20 million property in Kauai, Hawaii, from the American actor Will Smith. During his ownership, 21 acres were added to the estate, and put on the market for $29.5 million in 2015. Greece

In April 2013, Ekaterina <mask>'s trust bought a group of companies from the Greek heiress Athina Onassis Roussel. The assets included the 74 acre Greek island of Skorpios and its smaller islet, Sparti.The sale price was reported as $154 million. In October 2018, Rybolovlev started a major development project on the island with the aim to transform it into a luxury resort. The total investment in the project amounts to €184 million. The work was supposed to end in 2020. At the beginning of 2021, the completion date was shifted to 2024. The investment in the resort was estimated at €165 million, and the estimated price of a weekly rental was estimated at €1 million. On 8 November 2021, the Co-Ordination Authority of the Peloponnese, Western Sterea Hellas, and Ionian islands prefecture, after a petition was submitted by a number of inhabitants of nearby Lefkada island, annulled a permit allowing enlargement works on the Skorpios small port.Representatives of the Rybolovlev investment company declared that they would appeal the decision. Monaco
In 2010, <mask> bought the 2,000m2 Belle Époque style penthouse apartment on the Avenue d'Ostende in the Monte Carlo district of Monaco. The property was bought for €220 million. Its previous owners include Nick and Christian Candy, the brothers behind the Candy & Candy interior design and property development business, and earlier, the Brazilian banker Edmond Safra, who died in a fire at the apartment in 1999. Switzerland
<mask> and his former wife owned a property in Geneva, Switzerland, which they demolished in 2008 and planned to replace with a replica of the palace of Marie-Antoinette, the Petit Trianon at the Palace of Versailles. The project was abandoned amidst the couple's divorce proceedings. <mask> has also built two houses worth $135 million in the Swiss alpine resort of Gstaad.Art collection
<mask>'s art collection has included paintings by Paul Gauguin, Auguste Rodin, Amedeo Modigliani, Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Claude Monet, Mark Rothko. and Vincent van Gogh. He was also the owner of Salvator Mundi by Leonardo da Vinci, or studio, until it was sold at Christie's auction house for a record-breaking $450 million on 15 November 2017. The Bouvier Affair

In early 2015, it was reported that <mask> may have been a victim of a complex art fraud to the tune of $1 billion allegedly perpetrated by the art dealer Yves Bouvier, who was indicted on charges of fraud and complicity in money laundering. In 2015, <mask> was again at the center of a controversy after it was alleged that he bought two stolen Picassos from art dealer Olivier Thomas through the mediation of Yves Bouvier. In September 2015 he returned the paintings, valued at $30 million, to the artist's stepdaughter. In October 2018, Rybolovlev launched a lawsuit against Sotheby's in Manhattan federal court, alleging that the auction house "materially assisted the largest art fraud in history".Rybolovlev's lawyers said "Sotheby's was the willing auction house that knowingly and intentionally made the fraud possible" because it knew how much Bouvier paid the sellers. Sotheby's has denied these allegations. On 6 November 2018, <mask> was questioned by the Monegasque police. His lawyers stated that this happened on the basis of information obtained from the phone of one of Rybolovlev's previous lawyers, Tetiana Bersheda, which is the subject of an appeal in Monaco. <mask> was subsequently named a "formal suspect" in a graft investigation by Monaco's chief prosecutor. He was released from custody and placed under judicial control. In an interview with the daily Nice Matin in December 2018, Rybolovlev's lawyer, Me Hervé Temime, criticised repeated violations of the investigation's secrecy that he attributed to vested interests against <mask>.He also stated that "the seriousness of the initial scam" was understated "because of the wealth" of <mask> in what he described as an ostracism of rich Russians. In June 2019, Sotheby's request to have the case against it thrown out was denied by a US federal court in Manhattan. The court argued that Sotheby's had failed to establish "exceptional circumstances" to justify such a move. The auction house also had to allow public access to previously sealed or redacted documents detailing correspondence between Yves Bouvier, Sotheby's staff as well as Sotheby's senior director and vice-chairman for private sales Samuel Valette. According to the Art Newspaper, the correspondence reveals "that Bouvier paid Sotheby's $83 million for Salvator Mundi, suggesting a 53.62% markup on the painting, as Rybolovlev had alleged". Next to Salvator Mundi, the documents pertain to pricing negotiations between Bouvier and Sotheby's for Gustav Klimt's Wasserschlangen II in 2012, Picasso's L'Homme Assis Au Verre and Modigliani's Nu Couché au Coussin Bleu. In July 2020, criminal proceedings against Bouvier for fraud and money laundering were dismissed by Monaco's Court of Revision on the procedural grounds that "the investigations had been conducted in a biased and unfair manner".In January 2021, Swiss prosecutors closed a two-year-long investigation into Bouvier, though <mask> may appeal the filing order. As of February 2021, litigation between <mask> and Bouvier is still ongoing in a number of jurisdictions, including the US, London and Paris. After the Swiss prosecutor closed the investigation, <mask>'s lawyers filed an appeal claiming the case was "one of the most serious the art world has ever known, be duly considered and finally judged on its merits". In September 2021, <mask> filed a case with the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) against the Department of Justice of Monaco in a case of attorney-client privilege violation within the Bouvier affair. During the investigation in Monaco, the judge seized the phone of <mask>'s lawyer in order to verify the authenticity of the records which were a part of the proceedings. However, he accessed all the information contained in the lawyer's smartphone. <mask> and his lawyer contested this use of the telephone and alleged a violation of the attorney-client privilege.Awards and honours
In 2010, <mask> was awarded the Order of St. Seraphim of Sarov I degree by Patriarch Kirill for funding the restoration of the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Most Holy Mother of God in Zachatyevsky Convent. Personal life
<mask> married <mask>a in 1987 in Perm, Russia. Together they have  two daughters: Ekaterina, born in 1989, and Anna, born in 2001. In 2015, Ekaterina married Uruguayan businessman Juan Sartori who is an owner of a 20% stake in England's Sunderland AFC. Divorce
<mask>a filed for divorce on 22 December 2008, citing in her divorce petition the "serial infidelity" of her husband. At the same occasion, Elena officially asked the Geneva State prosecutor for protection of her assets from <mask>. In February 2014, Elena was detained in Cyprus for allegedly stealing a $28 million diamond ring she later proved her ex-husband had given her while they were still married.In May that year, a Geneva court awarded Elena a record settlement of $4.8 billion. This would have been the most expensive divorce settlement in history at the time. However, <mask>'s lawyers successfully appealed the 2014 ruling in June 2015. The Geneva court reversed the earlier decision, ruling that Elena's settlement be reduced to 564 million Swiss francs. Finally, in October 2015, <mask> and Elena announced they had reached an amicable settlement of their divorce, and that all legal actions in relation to the case would cease. Financial terms of the settlement were not disclosed. Hobbies and interests
<mask> enjoys surfing, especially in Hawaii.He is also engaged in sailing and yachting, being the owner of €80 million superyacht Anna I, which was sold in 2021, and his new $250 million yacht, also called Anna. Both yachts were built by Feadship and designed by Michael Leach, with Anna being the company's biggest superyacht to date. In July 2021, <mask> acquired a new sailing ClubSwan 125 yacht, named Skorpios after the Greek island owned by his family trusts. The 43-meter racing vessel took four years to build at Nautor's Swan yard in Finland. The yacht was designed to be a record-breaker and is able to reach a speed of roughly 15 knots upwind and remain consistently faster than the wind speed downwind thanks to innovations including the addition of a single curved foil that provides sideways and vertical lift in varying conditions. Skorpios' skipper is Olympic gold medalist and two-world champion Fernando Echávarri, while <mask> is the racing yacht's helmsman. Rybolovlev also owns  a racing yacht of the ClubSwan 50 model, now renamed Sparti.With this model, he won the ClubSwan 50 World Championship title during The Nations Trophy regatta in Palma Bay, Spain in October 2019. In the event's 2020 reiteration, <mask>'s  ClubSwan 50 yacht took third place overall after winning two of that year's four races, making it the only team to win medals in the ClubSwan World Championship over two consecutive years. Forbes ranking
In the Forbes billionaires list for 2021, <mask> was ranked the 391st richest person in the world with a net worth of $6.7 billion. See also
List of Russian billionaires
Links between Trump associates and Russian officials

Notes

References

External links

1966 births
Living people
AS Monaco FC non-playing staff
French football chairmen and investors
Russian football chairmen and investors
People from Perm, Russia
Russian art collectors
Russian bankers
Russian businesspeople
Russian billionaires
Russian cardiologists
Russian expatriates in Monaco
Russian expatriates in Switzerland
Russian Orthodox Christians from Russia
Russian philanthropists
People named in the Panama Papers
Russians associated with interference in the 2016 United States elections
Naturalized citizens of

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<mask>'Connor (born September 6, 1946) is a retired United States Marine Corps Colonel and former NASA astronaut. He was inducted into the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame in 2008. Personal
Born September 6, 1946, in Orange, California, but considers Twentynine Palms, California to be his hometown. <mask> and his wife Susan have two sons, Thomas and Kevin. His son Thomas is a veteran of Operation Iraqi Freedom and is a captain in the Army National Guard. The O'Connor family enjoys hiking and music. Education
Graduated from Twentynine Palms High School in Twentynine Palms, California, in 1964; received a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering (minor in aeronautical engineering) from the United States Naval Academy in 1968, and a Master of Science degree in aeronautical systems from the University of West Florida in 1970.He graduated from the Naval Safety School at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, in 1972 and from the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School, Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland in 1976. Awards and honors
Naval Safety School Top Graduate; Naval Test Pilot School Distinguished Graduate Award; Defense Superior Service Medal (2); Distinguished Flying Cross; Navy Meritorious Service Medal; NASA Distinguished Service Medal; NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal (2); NASA Exceptional Service Medal (2); NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal; NASA Silver Snoopy Award; AIAA System Effectiveness and Safety Award; AIAA Barry M. Goldwater Education Award; Aviation Week & Space Technology Laureate (Space and Missiles). Scheduled to be inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in May 2008. Experience
O'Connor began active duty with the United States Marine Corps in June 1968 following graduation from the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis.He received his Naval Aviator wings in June 1970, and served as an attack pilot flying the A-4 Skyhawk and the AV-8A Harrier on land and sea assignments in the United States, Europe and the Western Pacific. O'Connor attended the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School in 1975 and served as a test pilot with the Naval Air Test Center's Strike Test Directorate at Patuxent River, Maryland. During this 3½ year assignment, he participated in evaluations of various conventional and VSTOL aircraft, including the A-4, OV-10, AV-8, and X-22 VSTOL research aircraft. From June 1977 to June 1979 he was the Naval Air Test Center project officer in charge of all Harrier flight testing, including the planning and execution of the First Navy Preliminary Evaluation of the YAV-8B advanced Harrier prototype. When informed of his selection to NASA's Astronaut Program in 1980, he was serving as the Deputy Program Manager (Acquisition) for the AV-8 program at the Naval Air Systems Command in Washington, D.C.

NASA experience
O'Connor was selected as an astronaut in May 1980. After a one-year initial training program at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, O'Connor served in a variety of functions in support of the first test flights of the Space Shuttle, including simulator test pilot for STS-1 and STS-2, safety/photo chase pilot for STS-3, and support crew for STS-4.He was CAPCOM (spacecraft communicator) for STS-5 through STS-9. He also served as Aviation Safety Officer for the NASA Astronaut Corps. When the Challenger and its crew were lost in January 1986, O'Connor was given a number of safety and management assignments over the next three years as the Space Agency recovered from the disaster. In the first days after the accident, he organized the initial wreckage reassembly activities at Cape Canaveral. Then he established and managed the operation of the NASA Headquarters Action Center, the link between NASA and the Presidential Blue Ribbon Accident Investigation Panel (The Rogers Commission). In March 1986 he was assigned duties as Assistant (Operations) to the Space Shuttle Program Manager, as well as first Chairman of NASA's new Space Flight Safety Panel: jobs he held until February 1988 and 1989 respectively. He subsequently served as Deputy Director of Flight Crew Operations from February 1988 until August 1991.O'Connor has flown over 5,000 hours in over 40 types of aircraft. A veteran of two space flights, he has over 386 hours in space, covering five and three quarter million miles in 253 orbits of the Earth. O'Connor was pilot on STS-61-B in 1985 and was crew commander on STS-40 in 1991. O'Connor left NASA in August 1991 to become commanding officer of the Marine Aviation Detachment, Naval Air Test Center, Patuxent River. During this 10-month assignment, he led 110 test pilots and technicians, participated as an AV-8B project test pilot, instructed students at the Test Pilot School, directed the Naval Air Test Center Museum, and became the first Marine to serve as Deputy Director and Chief of Staff of the Flight Test and Engineering Group. O'Connor returned to NASA Headquarters in Washington, retiring from the Marine Corps to become the Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Flight. He was immediately assigned the task of developing a comprehensive flight safety improvement plan for the Space Shuttle, working closely with Congress and the Administration for funding of the major upgrade program.Then in late summer 1992, he was assigned as leader of the negotiating team that traveled to Moscow to establish the framework for what subsequently became the ambitious and complex joint manned space program known as Shuttle/MIR. In March 1993 O'Connor was assigned as Director, Space Station Redesign. He and his 50-person team of engineers, managers, and international partners developed, then recommended substantial vehicle and program restructure strategies which amounted to $300 million in savings per year, thus helping to save the program from cancellation by Congress. In September, he was named Acting Space Station Program Director. He held that position throughout the transition from the Freedom Program to the new International Space Station Program and the announcement of a permanent Program Director in January 1994. In April 1994, O'Connor was reassigned as Director, Space Shuttle Program. As such, he was responsible for all aspects of the $3.5 billion per year program, leading over 27,000 government and contractor personnel.By the time he left NASA in March 1996, he had directed NASA's largest and most visible program through twelve safe, successful missions, including the first three flights to the Russian Space Station, Mir. He planned and led an extensive program restructure designed to save the taxpayers approximately $1 billion over the five-year budget horizon. Of equal importance, he oversaw the introduction of several major safety improvements developed to prevent another "Challenger disaster". O'Connor left NASA in February 1996 to become an aerospace consultant. He also served on the Advisory Board of Airship Resources Corporation, a startup company planning to introduce high technology night sign display systems to the next generation large airships then under development in the United Kingdom. Until 2002, when he rejoined NASA as Chief of Safety and Mission Assurance, O'Connor served as Director of Engineering for Futron Corporation, a Bethesda, Maryland based company providing risk management and aerospace safety and dependability services to government and commercial organizations including the Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Defense, NASA, Department of Energy, Westinghouse, AlliedSignal and others. O'Connor served as NASA Chief of Safety and Mission Assurance until August 31, 2011, retiring from the agency.Spaceflight experience
STS-61-B Atlantis (November 26, to December 3, 1985). STS-61-B was the 22nd Shuttle flight and was the second-ever night shuttle launch from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. It was the heaviest payload weight carried to orbit by the Space Shuttle to date, and the first flight to deploy four satellites. The mission included the EASE/ACCESS experiment. After completing 108 orbits of Earth in 165 hours, Atlantis returned to land at Edwards Air Force Base, California. STS-40 Columbia (June 5–14, 1991). STS-40 was the first Space Shuttle mission dedicated to life science studies.During the 9-day mission the crew performed an extensive series of biomedical experiments. After 145 orbits of the Earth traveling 3.29 million miles in 218 hours, O'Connor piloted Columbia to a landing at Edwards Air Force Base, California, his crew having safely and successfully completed over 100% of their mission objectives. References

External links

1946 births
Living people
United States Marine Corps astronauts
United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees
People from Orange, California
People from Twentynine Palms, California
United States Naval Academy alumni
University of West Florida alumni
Naval Postgraduate School alumni
United States Naval Test Pilot School alumni
United States Marine Corps colonels
United States Naval Aviators
American test pilots
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the NASA Exceptional Service Medal
Recipients of the NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal
Space Shuttle program astronauts
Military personnel from California

masks:
Bryan Daniel O
Bryan


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<mask> (; born 4 June 1988) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a striker, for the Argentine Primera División club Vélez Sarsfield. <mask> has been described as possessing unusual technique and ball control for a player of strong physique. His first professional club was Boca Juniors, by whom he was loaned to Argentine sides Tigre and Unión, Norway's Lyn and Chile's Universidad Católica. His performances for the latter prompted a transfer to Italian club Genoa, shortly after which he joined Vélez Sarsfield, first on loan and then permanently, when he was elected Argentina's 2014 Footballer of the Year. He then moved to Brazil, playing for Atlético Mineiro and São Paulo, before returning to Argentina for River Plate in 2018, with whom he won the Copa Libertadores title later that year. In 2021, he joined Dutch club Feyenoord on loan. <mask> has been capped at international level for Argentina.Early life
<mask> was born in La Plata, where he lived most of his early life in the Altos de San Lorenzo neighborhood. He started playing in local club Gimnasia of the Los Hornos neighborhood, and was rejected by the youth ranks of Estudiantes de La Plata before eventually making it into the Defensores de Cambaceres youth team, where his brother then played. Club career

Early career and loan spells

Product of Defensores de Cambaceres lower divisions, <mask> joined Argentine club Boca Juniors in 2006, after a recommendation by Martín Palermo. Once in the La Boca-based team, he was sent to the team's fifth division, where he scored more than 20 goals and formed an attacking partnership with Óscar Trejo. In June 2007, he was loaned to Tigre, but mostly played for the reserve team in their first season. Leandro Lázzaro's departure to Estudiantes, however, allowed <mask> to break into the starting eleven and challenge the possibility of being the team's first choice striker. Following Lázzaro's absence, <mask> played ten 2008 Clausura games and scored one goal against San Martín de San Juan, which was his side's winning goal in a 2–1 home win at José Dellagiovanna.On 2 August 2008, <mask> joined Norway's Lyn Fotball on a free loan from Boca, after being recommended by the scout Terje Liverød who helped with the negotiations. On 15 August, <mask> made a goalscoring debut during a 3–1 defeat against Molde FK in a Tippeligaen game as a 71st-minute substitute. Between 2008 and 2009 Pratto made 21 league appearances and scored four goals for Lyn. He then returned to Argentina in mid-2009 to join Boca's first-team squad, then coached by Alfio Basile. After once again not being considered at the La Bombonera squad, <mask> had another brief loan spell in the first half of 2010, this time at Unión de Santa Fe in the Primera B Nacional. Universidad Católica
On 29 June 2010 Pratto joined Chile's Universidad Católica on loan from Boca, this time as part of Gary Medel's contract extension negotiation. In the Chilean club, <mask> scored in his debut against Everton in a 1–1 league draw at Viña del Mar.At first, <mask> was heavily criticized for his bad shape at the Las Condes-based team, but key goals in the end of the season against Universidad de Chile and Cobreloa helped Católica achieve their 10th Campeonato Nacional title. He had an impressive season start in 2011 when he scored six Copa Libertadores goals (including a brace against Grêmio, in a historic 2–1 triumph at Brazil) and six league goals, which allowed him be sold by Boca to Italian Serie A side Genoa for a US$2,4 million fee. Genoa
Pratto joined the Genovese club on 30 June 2011, being described months before by the club's president Enrico Preziosi as the team's new Diego Milito. He officially debuted as a starter during Genoa's first 2011–12 Coppa Italia game against Nocerina in a 4–3 home win, in which he scored his side's second goal after an assist by Kévin Constant. His Serie A debut was on 11 September in a 2–2 draw with Atalanta for the league's first matchday, and his first goal came on 18 December in a 2–1 victory over Bologna, the match-winner at the 85th minute. His second goal for Coppa Italia was on 24 November against Bari in a 3–2 victory, where once again he scored the match's winning goal, now after an impressive header in the 115th minute during extra-time. Pratto made an attacking partnership with Rodrigo Palacio, but coach Alberto Malesani, by whom he was selected for the first squad, was fired in December 2011.Since that time <mask> failed to play the rest of season, being relegated to the bench by the team's next coaches (Pasquale Marino, the same Malesani and Luigi De Canio). Vélez Sarsfield

On 7 February 2012 it was reported that <mask> had joined Vélez Sarsfield in a season-long loan deal, with the option to be fully signed by the Argentine club. After a decent first season with the Liniers side, in which he played 20 times and scored 4 goals, <mask> became a starter during Vélez's 2012 Torneo Inicial championship-winning campaign. <mask> made a partnership with Facundo Ferreyra, and played a key role appearing in all 19 games and scoring seven goals. In January 2013 it was reported that Vélez had come to an agreement with Genoa for the definitive purchase of the player on a three-year contract. On 29 June 2013, <mask> scored the match winner in the Superfinal, the match that concluded the 2012–13 Primera División season, as Vélez defeated Newell's 1–0 and were crowned Super Champions. At the end of the year <mask> was selected as Vélez's best player of the season.In the start of 2014 he won the Supercopa Argentina with his club, and was the top goalscorer of the Torneo de Transición, with 11 goals. For his performances <mask> was once again selected as Vélez's player of the year, and was honored with the Olimpia de Plata award as Footballer of the Year of Argentina, chosen by Argentine sports media as the best player in the local league. Atlético Mineiro

On 16 December 2014, <mask> joined Brazilian club Atlético Mineiro on a four-year contract. <mask> made his unofficial debut and scored his first goal for Atlético in a pre-season friendly against Shakhtar Donetsk, which his new team won 4–2. <mask> also scored in his first official match for the club, against Tupi, for the 2015 Campeonato Mineiro, as well as in his debut in Copa Libertadores for Atlético, scoring the winner in a 1–0 away win against Independiente Santa Fé. In the second leg of the Campeonato Mineiro semifinals against fierce rivals Cruzeiro, <mask> managed to score a brace with two assists by Guilherme, one of the goals an impressive volley, and helped his team make a 2–1 comeback after trailing in half-time. Atlético were eventually crowned champions of the competition, with <mask> finishing with six goals and being selected for the team of the tournament and as its best player.In July 2015, <mask> became Atlético's highest-ever foreign goalscorer and scored his first-ever hat-trick, with all three goals coming in the first half of a 3–1 home win against São Paulo. He still holds this record as the club's highest-ever foreign goalscorer, with 42 goals. São Paulo
On 10 February 2017, <mask> signed a four-year contract with Brazilian club São Paulo FC. The transfer totalled around €12 million, with the São Paulo-based club paying approximately €6 million for 50 per cent of the player's rights. According to Carlos Augusto de Barros e Silva, São Paulo's president, the club would acquire up to 95% of the rights in the future. Atlético Mineiro president Daniel Nepomuceno stated that payment for the remaining shares would occur within three years. He netted in his debut for Tricolor, in a 2–2 draw against Mirassol, and, three days later, he scored twice in his second match for club, in a 3–2 victory against São Bento.<mask>, along with his compatriot Calleri, is the only debut player at the club to score in his two first official matches. On 9 July 2017, <mask> lost a penalty kick in a 3–2 loss of São Paulo FC against rivals Santos FC. At the end of this match, he was seven consecutive games without scoring any goal. River Plate
On 8 January 2018, São Paulo confirmed the selling of <mask> to River Plate for €11.5 million, becoming River's highest ever transfer acquisition. <mask> scored two goals in the 2018 Copa Libertadores finals against Boca Juniors, once in each leg, helping River to the title. Feyenoord
On 1 January 2021, Eredivisie club Feyenoord announced the signing of <mask> on loan for the remainder of the season. He made his debut nine days later, in a Rotterdam derby against Sparta in the league, won 2–0 by Feyenoord.On 9 May, in a 3–0 league defeat to Ajax, <mask> suffered a fracture in his right ankle when challenging for the ball; he underwent surgery on the same day, with an expected recovery time of four to six months. International career
<mask> received his first international call-up for Argentina on 12 August 2016, for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification matches against Uruguay and Venezuela. He started for the national team for the first time in the match against Uruguay on 1 September 2016, and scored his first goal against Venezuela on 7 September. <mask> scored his second international goal helping Argentina to a 3–0 win over Colombia in November 2016. In the Jorge Sampaoli's first calling up for Argentina, Pratto was not called, in spite of being remembered in Edgardo Bauza's lists. Style of play

Pratto has an unusually fast pace for a player with 1.88m, and frequently floats outside the box to assist other players. He has been praised for his technique, ball control, and link-up play.Tactically, <mask> has not usually been deployed as a target man centre forward throughout most of his career, as is commonly the case for a player with a strong physique; he has normally played as a striker or second striker. In his best season with Vélez, he played as a second striker or even as an outside forward, with Facundo Ferreyra occupying the centre-forward role. Upon his arrival at Atlético Mineiro, he started to play in a more central role in the attack, while still contributing with assists and playing in the flanks during the matches. Personal life
<mask> was raised by his mother Daniela, helped by his older brother Leandro. Aside from him, <mask> has three other siblings from his father's other family. Pratto has one daughter, Pia, born in 2010, and has tattoos portraying her and his mother. <mask> has an interest on rock and roll, being a fan of AC/DC, Foo Fighters, Kiss and Argentine band La Renga, of whom he also has a tattoo.He is also an avid fan of The Simpsons, has tattoos of both Homer and Bart, and an English bulldog named Santa's Little Helper. <mask> has stated that he is a Boca Juniors supporter. He holds an Italian passport. players
Club Atlético Vélez Sarsfield footballers
Clube Atlético Mineiro players
São Paulo FC players
Club Atlético River Plate footballers
Feyenoord players
Argentine Primera División players
Eliteserien players
Chilean Primera División players
Serie A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Argentine expatriate footballers
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Brazil
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Chile
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Norway
Expatriate footballers in Brazil
Expatriate footballers in Chile
Expatriate footballers in Italy
Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands
Expatriate footballers in Norway
Argentine people of Italian descent

masks:
Lucas David Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Lucas
Pratto
Lucas
Pratto
Pratto
Lucas
Lucas
Pratto
Lucas
Pratto
Lucas
Pratto
Pratto
Lucas Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Pratto
Lucas
Lucas
Pratto


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<mask> (October 20, 1954 – September 4, 2011) was an American professional football player and a college athletics administrator. He played college football as a defensive tackle at the University of Oklahoma, the youngest of three brothers to play football there. He was a consensus All-American in 1974 and 1975 and a member of consecutive national championship teams for the Oklahoma Sooners in 1974 and 1975. Selmon was selected by the expansion Tampa Bay Buccaneers as the first overall pick in the 1976 NFL draft. He played in the National Football League (NFL) for nine seasons, from 1976 to 1984, all with the Buccaneers. <mask> joined the athletic department at the University of South Florida in 1993 and served as the school's athletic director from 2001 to 2004. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1988 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1995.Early life
Selmon was the youngest of nine children of Lucious and <mask>, raised on a farm near Eufaula, Oklahoma. A National Honor Society member at Eufaula High School, he graduated in 1972 after playing football through high school. His two brothers also played football and went to the University of Oklahoma, which he attended and where he graduated. College career
In 1972, Selmon joined his brothers Lucious and <mask> in playing on the defensive line at the University of Oklahoma. He blossomed into a star in 1974, anchoring one of the best defenses in Oklahoma Sooners football history. The Sooners were national champions in 1974 and 1975. Selmon won the Lombardi Award and the Outland Trophy in 1975.Oklahoma head coach Barry Switzer called him the best player he ever coached, and College Football News placed him as the 21st-best college player of all time. Selmon was known as "The Gentle Giant." In the fall of 1999, Selmon was named to the Sports Illustrated 'NCAA Football All-Century Team.' <mask> was named a consensus All-American in 1974 and 1975 by Newspaper Enterprise Association. His list of achievements include the National Football Foundation Scholar-Athlete, GTE/CoSIDA Academic All-American, and Graduate Fellowship Winner National Football Foundation and Hall of Fame. The 1996 Walter Camp "Alumnus of the Year" was voted to the Oklahoma Sports Hall of Fame  in 1992. Statistics

Professional career
In 1976, Selmon was the first player picked in the NFL draft, the first-ever pick for the expansion Tampa Bay Buccaneers.He joined older brother, Dewey, who was a second-round pick of the Bucs. In his first year, Selmon won the team's 'Rookie of the Year' and MVP awards. Selmon played in six straight Pro Bowls and was named NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 1979. Buccaneer assistant Abe Gibron said, "Selmon has no peers" at defensive end, while former Detroit Lions coach Monte Clark compared him to "a grown man at work among a bunch of boys". Selmon began his career on a team that lost its first 26 games in franchise history (including a winless inaugural season) and only won a total of seven games in his first three seasons. However, he helped the Bucs rebound to three playoff appearances in four years from 1979 to 1982. A back injury forced him to leave at the end of the 1984 season; the Bucs retired his number, 63, in 1986.He was elected to the Florida Sports Hall of Fame. In January 2008, Selmon was voted by a panel of former NFL players and coaches to Pro Football Weekly 's All-Time 3-4 defensive team along with Harry Carson, Curley Culp, Randy Gradishar, Howie Long, Lawrence Taylor and Andre Tippett. He was the first player to be inducted into the Tampa Bay Buccaneers' Ring of Honor on November 8, 2009. After football
Selmon stayed in Tampa, Florida, working as a bank executive and being active in many charities. From 1993 to 2001, Selmon served as an assistant athletic director at the University of South Florida under Paul Griffin. After Griffin was forced to resign, Selmon was promoted to take over the athletic department. As the USF Athletic Director, Selmon launched the football program, spearheaded the construction of a new athletic facility, and led the university's move into Conference USA, and into the Big East Conference.Citing health issues, <mask> resigned as the USF Athletic Director in 2004. He took the role as president of the USF Foundation Partnership for Athletics, an athletics fund-raising organization. Awards and honors
Selmon was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1988. In 1995, he was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame, becoming the first Hall of Famer to have earned his credentials primarily in Tampa Bay. (He was later joined by Warren Sapp in 2013 and Derrick Brooks in 2014.) Also in 1995, <mask> became the first Buccaneer, former or current, to participate in a Super Bowl when he joined the coin toss ceremonies for Super Bowl XXIX, joining fellow Class of 1995 members Kellen Winslow and then-U.S. Congressman Steve Largent who flipped the coin to end the ceremonies, along with 75th Anniversary team members Ray Nitschke (representing Henry Jordan who was inducted posthumously), Mean Joe Greene, Otto Graham and Gale Sayers.In 2010, he was ranked #98 on the top 100 greatest players of all time, as surveyed by NFL Network. In 2012, Selmon was posthumously inducted into the University of South Florida Athletic Hall of Fame. The <mask> Roy Selmon Expressway is named for him. The chain restaurants, <mask> Roy Selmon's, was named for him. As of 2018, all seven locations were no longer in business. Death
Selmon suffered a massive stroke on September 2, 2011, which left him hospitalized in extremely critical condition. His restaurant initially released a statement announcing his death; however, this was later confirmed to be false.In fact, at one point his condition was said to be improving. On September 4, 2011, Selmon died at the age of 56 from complications of the stroke. Visitation was scheduled for the following Thursday at the Exciting Central Tampa Baptist Church. The funeral was held the next day at Idlewild Baptist Church. Former teammates, the current Buccaneer team, the USF football team, other members of the NFL, and the general public attended. The USF football team wore a #63 decal on their helmets for the 2011 season, as did the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Both teams conducted a ceremony to honor Selmon the weekend following his death.He is buried in Trice Hill Cemetery in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. References

External links

 <mask> <mask>'s Restaurants

1954 births
2011 deaths
American football defensive ends
American football defensive tackles
Oklahoma Sooners football players
South Florida Bulls athletic directors
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
All-American college football players
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
National Conference Pro Bowl players
National Football League first overall draft picks
National Football League players with retired numbers
Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees
People from Eufaula, Oklahoma
Players of American football from Tampa, Florida
Players of American football from Oklahoma
African-American players of American football
20th-century African-American sportspeople
21st-century African-American people
National Football League Defensive Player of the Year Award winners

masks:
Lee Roy Selmon
Selmon
Jessie Selmon
Dewey Selmon
Selmon
Selmon
Selmon
Lee
Lee
Lee Roy
Selmon