texts:
 2 MS Thr 559 (1909–1922)
 Album 3 MS Thr 560 (1890–1933)
 Album 4 MS Thr 561 (1890–1947)
 Album 5 MS Thr 562 (1892–1938)
 Album 6 MS Thr 563 (1850–1900)

Collections

Views
In her lifetime, Woolf was outspoken on many topics that were considered controversial, some of which are now considered progressive, others regressive. She was an ardent feminist at a time when women's rights were barely recognised, and anti-colonialist, anti-imperialist and a pacifist when chauvinism was popular.On the other hand, she has been criticised for views on class and race in her private writings and published works. Like many of her contemporaries, some of her writing is now considered offensive. As a result, she is considered polarising, a revolutionary feminist and socialist hero or a purveyor of hate speech. Works such as A Room of One's Own (1929) and Three Guineas (1938) are frequently taught as icons of feminist literature in courses that would be very critical of some of her views expressed elsewhere. She has also been the recipient of considerable homophobic and misogynist criticism. Humanist views
<mask> was born into a non-religious family and is regarded, along with her fellow Bloomsberries E.M. Forster and G.E. Moore, as a humanist.Both her parents were prominent agnostic atheists. Her father, Leslie Stephen, had become famous in polite society for his writings which expressed and publicised reasons to doubt the veracity of religion. Stephen was also President of the West London Ethical Society, an early humanist organisation, and helped to found the Union of Ethical Societies in 1896. Woolf's mother, Julia Stephen, wrote the book Agnostic Women (1880), which argued that agnosticism (defined here as something more like atheism) could be a highly moral approach to life. Woolf was a critic of Christianity. In a letter to Ethel Smyth, she gave a scathing denunciation of the religion, seeing it as self-righteous "egotism" and stating "my Jew [Leonard] has more religion in one toenail—more human love, in one hair". Woolf stated in her private letters that she thought of herself as an atheist.Controversies
Hermione Lee cites a number of extracts from Woolf's writings that many, including Lee, would consider offensive, and these criticisms can be traced back as far as those of Wyndham Lewis and Q.D. Leavis in the 1920s and 1930s. Other authors provide more nuanced contextual interpretations, and stress the complexity of her character and the apparent inherent contradictions in analysing her apparent flaws. She could certainly be off-hand, rude and even cruel in her dealings with other authors, translators and biographers, such as her treatment of Ruth Gruber. Some authors, particularly postcolonial feminists dismiss her (and modernist authors in general) as privileged, elitist, classist, racist, and antisemitic. Woolf's tendentious expressions, including prejudicial feelings against disabled people, have often been the topic of academic criticism:
 The first quotation is from a diary entry of September 1920 and runs: "The fact is the lower classes are detestable." The remainder follow the first in reproducing stereotypes standard to upper-class and upper-middle class life in the early 20th century: "imbeciles should certainly be killed"; "Jews" are greasy; a "crowd" is both an ontological "mass" and is, again, "detestable"; "Germans" are akin to vermin; some "baboon faced intellectuals" mix with "sad green dressed negroes and negresses, looking like chimpanzees" at a peace conference; Kensington High St. revolts one's stomach with its innumerable "women of incredible mediocrity, drab as dishwater".Antisemitism
Though accused of antisemitism, the treatment of Judaism and Jews by Woolf is far from straightforward. She was happily married to a Jewish man (<mask>) but often wrote about Jewish characters using stereotypes and generalisations. For instance, she described some of the Jewish characters in her work in terms that suggested they were physically repulsive or dirty. On the other hand, she could criticise her own views: "How I hated marrying a Jew — how I hated their nasal voices and their oriental jewellery, and their noses and their wattles — what a snob I was: for they have immense vitality, and I think I like that quality best of all" (Letter to Ethel Smyth 1930). These attitudes have been construed to reflect, not so much antisemitism, but tribalism; she married outside her social grouping, and <mask>, too, expressed misgivings about marrying a gentile. Leonard, "a penniless Jew from Putney", lacked the material status of the Stephens and their circle. While travelling on a cruise to Portugal, she protested at finding "a great many Portuguese Jews on board, and other repulsive objects, but we keep clear of them".Furthermore, she wrote in her diary: "I do not like the Jewish voice; I do not like the Jewish laugh." Her 1938 short story The Duchess and the Jeweller (originally titled The Duchess and the Jew) has been considered antisemitic. Yet Woolf and her husband Leonard came to despise and fear the 1930s fascism and antisemitism. Her 1938 book Three Guineas was an indictment of fascism and what Woolf described as a recurring propensity among patriarchal societies to enforce repressive societal mores by violence. Sexuality

The Bloomsbury Group held very progressive views regarding sexuality and shucked the austere strictness of Victorian society. The majority of its members were homosexual or bisexual. <mask> was most likely a lesbian, some debate that she was bisexual.However she had several affairs with women, the most notable being with Vita Sackville-West which inspired Orlando: A Biography. The two of them remained lovers for a decade and stayed close friends for the rest of Virginia's life. <mask> had said to Vita she disliked masculinity

Among her other notable affairs were Sibyl Colefax, Lady Ottoline Morrell and Mary Hutchinson. Some surmise that she may have fallen in love with Madge Symonds, the wife of one of her uncles. Madge Symonds was described as one of Virginia's early loves in Vita's diary She also fell in love with Violet Dickinson although there is some confusion as to whether the two consummated their relationship. In regards to relationships with men, <mask> was averse to sex with them, blaming the sexual abuse perpetrated upon her and her sister by her half-brothers when they were children and teens. This is one of the reasons she initially declined marriage proposals from her future husband, Leonard.She even went as far as to tell him that she was not attracted to him, but that she did love him and finally agreed to marriage. <mask> preferred female lovers to male lovers, for the most part, based on her aversion to sex with men. This aversion to relations with men influenced her writing especially when considering her sexual abuse as a child. Leonard became the love of her life and even though their sexual relationship was questionable, they loved each other deeply and formed a strong, supportive and prolific marriage which led to the formation of their publishing house as well as several of her writings. Neither was faithful to the other sexually, but they were faithful in their love and respect for each other. Modern scholarship and interpretations
Though at least one biography of <mask> appeared in her lifetime, the first authoritative study of her life was published in 1972 by her nephew Quentin Bell. Hermione Lee's 1996 biography <mask> provides a thorough and authoritative examination of Woolf's life and work, which she discussed in an interview in 1997.In 2001, Louise DeSalvo and Mitchell A. Leaska edited The Letters of Vita Sackville-West and <mask>. Julia Briggs's Virginia Woolf: An Inner Life (2005) focuses on Woolf's writing, including her novels and her commentary on the creative process, to illuminate her life. The sociologist Pierre Bourdieu also uses <mask>'s literature to understand and analyse gender domination. Woolf biographer Gillian Gill notes that Woolf's traumatic experience of sexual abuse by her half-brothers during her childhood influenced her advocacy of protection of vulnerable children from similar experiences. <mask> and her mother
The intense scrutiny of <mask>'s literary output (see Bibliography) has led to speculation as to her mother's influence, including psychoanalytic studies of mother and daughter. Woolf states that, "my first memory, and in fact it is the most important of all my memories" is of her mother. Her memories of her mother are memories of an obsession, starting with her first major breakdown on her mother's death in 1895, the loss having a profound lifelong effect.In many ways, her mother's profound influence on <mask> is conveyed in the latter's recollections, "there she is; beautiful, emphatic ... closer than any of the living are, lighting our random lives as with a burning torch, infinitely noble and delightful to her children". Woolf described her mother as an "invisible presence" in her life, and Ellen Rosenman argues that the mother-daughter relationship is a constant in Woolf's writing. She describes how Woolf's modernism needs to be viewed in relationship to her ambivalence towards her Victorian mother, the centre of the former's female identity, and her voyage to her own sense of autonomy. To Woolf, "Saint Julia" was both a martyr whose perfectionism was intimidating and a source of deprivation, by her absences real and virtual and premature death. Julia's influence and memory pervades Woolf's life and work. "She has haunted me", she wrote. Historical feminism
According to the 2007 book Feminism: From Mary Wollstonecraft to Betty Friedan by Bhaskar A. Shukla, "Recently, studies of <mask> have focused on feminist and lesbian themes in her work, such as in the 1997 collection of critical essays, <mask>f: Lesbian Readings, edited by Eileen Barrett and Patricia Cramer."In 1928, Woolf took a grassroots approach to informing and inspiring feminism. She addressed undergraduate women at the ODTAA Society at Girton College, Cambridge and the Arts Society at Newnham College with two papers that eventually became A Room of One's Own (1929). <mask>'s best-known nonfiction works, A Room of One's Own (1929) and Three Guineas (1938), examine the difficulties that female writers and intellectuals faced because men held disproportionate legal and economic power, as well as the future of women in education and society. In The Second Sex (1949), Simone de Beauvoir counts, of all women who ever lived, only three female writers—Emily Brontë, Woolf and "sometimes" Katherine Mansfield— have explored "the given". In popular culture

 Who's Afraid of <mask>? is a 1962 play by Edward Albee. It examines the structure of the marriage of an American middle-aged academic couple, Martha and George.Mike Nichols directed a film version in 1966, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton. Taylor won the 1966 Academy Award for Best Actress for the role. Me! I'm Afraid of <mask>, a 1978 TV play, references the title of the Edward Albee play and features an English literature teacher who has a poster of her. It was written by Alan Bennett and directed by Stephen Frears. The artwork The Dinner Party (1979) features a place setting for Woolf. The 1996 album Poetic Justice, by British musician Steve Harley, contains a tribute to Woolf, specifically her most adventurous novel, in its closing track: "Riding the Waves (for <mask>)".Michael Cunningham's 1998 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Hours focused on three generations of women affected by Woolf's novel Mrs Dalloway. In 2002, a film version of the novel was released, starring Nicole Kidman as Woolf. Kidman won the 2003 Academy Award for her portrayal. Susan Sellers's novel Vanessa and Virginia (2008) explores the close sibling relationship between Woolf and her sister, Vanessa Bell. It was adapted for the stage by Elizabeth Wright in 2010 and first performed by Moving Stories Theatre Company. Priya Parmar's 2014 novel Vanessa and Her Sister also examined the Stephen sisters' relationship during the early years of their association with what became known as the Bloomsbury Group. An exhibition on <mask> was held at the National Portrait Gallery from July to October 2014.In the 2014 novel The House at the End of Hope Street, Woolf is featured as one of the women who has lived in the titular house. <mask> is portrayed by both Lydia Leonard and Catherine McCormack in the BBC's three-part drama series Life in Squares (2015). On 25 January 2018, Google showed a Google doodle celebrating her 136th birthday. In many Barnes & Noble stores, Woolf is featured in Gary Kelly's Author Mural Panels, an imprint of the Barnes & Noble Author brand that also features other notable authors like Hurston, Tagore, and Kafka. The 2018 film Vita and Virginia depicts the relationship between Vita Sackville-West and Woolf, portrayed by Gemma Arterton and Elizabeth Debicki respectively. The 2020 novel Trio by William Boyd follows the life of Elfrida Wing, an alcoholic writer interested in the suicide of Woolf. Adaptations
A number of <mask>'s works have been adapted for the screen, and her play Freshwater (1935) is the basis for a 1994 chamber opera, Freshwater, by Andy Vores.The final segment of the 2018 London Unplugged is adapted from her short story Kew Gardens. Septimus and Clarissa, a stage adaptation of Mrs. Dalloway was created and produced by the New York-based ensemble Ripe Time in 2011 at the Baruch Performing Arts Center. It was adapted by Ellen McLaughlin, and directed and devised by Rachel Dickstein. It was nominated for a 2012 Drama League award for Outstanding Production, a Drama Desk nomination for Outstanding Score (Gina Leishman) and a Joe A. Calloway Award nomination for outstanding direction (Rachel Dickstein.) Legacy

<mask> is known for her contributions to 20th-century literature and her essays, as well as the influence she has had on literary, particularly feminist criticism. A number of authors have stated that their work was influenced by her, including Margaret Atwood, Michael Cunningham, Gabriel García Márquez, and Toni Morrison. Her iconic image is instantly recognisable from the Beresford portrait of her at twenty (at the top of this page) to the Beck and Macgregor portrait in her mother's dress in Vogue at 44 (see image) or Man Ray's cover of Time magazine (see image) at 55.More postcards of Woolf are sold by the National Portrait Gallery, London than any other person. Her image is ubiquitous, and can be found on products ranging from tea towels to T-shirts. <mask> is studied around the world, with organisations such as the Virginia Woolf Society, and The Virginia Woolf Society of Japan. In addition, trusts—such as the Asham Trust—encourage writers in her honour. Although she had no descendants, a number of her extended family are notable. Monuments and memorials
In 2013, Woolf was honoured by her alma mater of King's College London with the opening of the Virginia Woolf Building on Kingsway, with a plaque commemorating her time there and her contributions (see image), together with this exhibit depicting her accompanied by a quotation "London itself perpetually attracts, stimulates, gives me a play & a story & a poem" from her 1926 diary. Busts of <mask> have been erected at her home in Rodmell, Sussex and at Tavistock Square, London where she lived between 1924 and 1939.In 2014, she was one of the inaugural honorees in the Rainbow Honor Walk, a walk of fame in San Francisco's Castro neighbourhood noting LGBTQ people who have "made significant contributions in their fields". Woolf Works, a women's co-working space in Singapore, opened in 2014 and was named after her in tribute to the essay A Room of One's Own; it also has many other things named after it (see the essay's article). A campaign was launched in 2018 by Aurora Metro Arts and Media to erect a statue of Woolf in Richmond, where she lived for 10 years. The proposed statue shows her reclining on a bench overlooking the river Thames. Family trees
 see , , ,

|

Notes

References

Bibliography

Books and theses

  see also The Second Sex

  see also Survey of London

  (Review)

Biography: <mask>f

 Vol. I: <mask> 1882 to 1912. London: Hogarth Press.1972. Vol. II:  <mask> 1912 to 1941. London: Hogarth Press. 1972. (Review)

  (Review)
  (Review)
  (additional excerpts)

  (Review)

  (excerpt - Chapter 1)
  (Review)

  (Review)

  (Review)

  (Illustrations of Woolf's London homes

masks:
Virginia Woolf
Leonard Woolf
Leonard Woolf
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Wool
Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Wool
Virginia Stephen
Virginia Woolf


type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 14 January 1986) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Adelaide Football Club and Fremantle Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). A ruckman from Western Australia, <mask> played for  in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) before being drafted by Adelaide at the 2005 Rookie draft. Upgraded to the club's senior list for the 2007 season, he debuted the following season, and played 41 games for Adelaide before being traded to Fremantle during the 2010–11 trading period. Football career

<mask> was born in Bunbury, Western Australia. His family moved to the southern suburbs of Perth when he was 10 years old, and he attended Booragoon Primary School and Applecross Senior High School, playing junior football for Karoonda JFC. He was drafted by Adelaide from East Fremantle in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) with the 21st selection in the 2005 Rookie draft and spent the 2005 season on the rookie list. He was upgraded to the senior list for the 2006 season but spent most of 2006 playing reserves for Central District Bulldogs.<mask> got his chance to make his AFL debut in the early rounds of 2007 due to the departure of Matthew Clarke and injuries to Rhett Biglands and Ivan Maric. Although he was recruited as a key-forward <mask> was required to play as a ruckman. Many thought <mask> was not yet ready to play at the highest level as a ruckman because of his lanky figure, however <mask> managed to hold his spot for the first 13 rounds of 2007 before being replaced by the returning Maric. <mask> started well in the 2008 AFL season, with strong performances against very good ruck opponents in Will Minson and Ben Hudson, of the Western Bulldogs, Dean Cox and Mark Seaby of the West Coast Eagles and Dean Brogan and Brendon Lade of Port Adelaide. In the 2009 season, <mask> only played 2 games for the Crows, with Maric and Kurt Tippett preferred as the main ruckman with James Sellar and Brad Moran also selected ahead of <mask>. Through his maternal grandfather's Bibbulman ancestry, <mask> is descended from the Noongar people of south-western Australia. He was selected for the Indigenous All-Stars team in 2009.Since returning to his home state of Western Australia, <mask> has been used mainly as Fremantle's backup ruckman, competing with Zac Clarke and Aaron Sandilands for the ruck positions. <mask> played his first game for the Dockers in round 10 of the 2011 AFL season against St Kilda, after Sandilands was unavailable due to injury. A career-best performance against  in round 15 saw him collect 26 disposals, 9 marks, 30 hit outs and 2 goals. He played the first seven games of the 2013 season before damaging his anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), with the resultant knee reconstruction ruling him out for the rest of the season. He resumed his career in April 2014, through Fremantle's new affiliate team in the WAFL, . Jonathon played in Peel's maiden WAFL premiership in 2016 but missed out in 2017, with a knee injury keeping him out of the Grand Final team. <mask> was delisted by Fremantle at the conclusion of the 2017 season.After being delisted by Fremantle, <mask> returned to the WAFL in 2018 and was named captain of East Fremantle after having signed a two-year deal with the club. After three seasons with East Fremantle, <mask> announced he would be retiring at the end of the 2020 season. Statistics
 Statistics are correct to the end of the 2017 season

|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2007
|
| 6 || 16 || 4 || 3 || 68 || 28 || 96 || 42 || 16 || 142 || 0.2 || 0.2 || 4.2 || 1.8 || 6.0 || 2.6 || 1.0 || 8.9
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2008
|
| 6 || 12 || 1 || 3 || 40 || 55 || 95 || 29 || 17 || 202 || 0.1 || 0.2 || 3.3 || 4.6 || 7.9 || 2.4 || 1.4 || 16.8
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2009
|
| 6 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 9 || 8 || 17 || 5 || 4 || 28 || 0.0 || 0.5 || 4.5 || 4.0 || 8.5 || 2.5 || 2.0 || 14.0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2010
|
| 6 || 11 || 2 || 3 || 44 || 51 || 95 || 32 || 19 || 143 || 0.2 || 0.3 || 4.0 || 4.6 || 8.6 || 2.9 || 1.7 || 13.0
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
!scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2011
|
| 12 || 7 || 4 || 0 || 59 || 40 || 99 || 26 || 24 || 187 || 0.6 || 0.0 || 8.4 || 5.7 || 14.1 || 3.7 || 3.4 || 26.7
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2012
|
| 12 || 13 || 4 || 2 || 86 || 59 || 145 || 37 || 45 || 321 || 0.3 || 0.2 || 6.6 || 4.5 || 11.2 || 2.8 || 3.5 || 24.7
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2013
|
| 12 || 7 || 3 || 3 || 46 || 31 || 77 || 19 || 23 || 154 || 0.4 || 0.4 || 6.6 || 4.4 || 11.0 || 2.7 || 3.3 || 22.0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2014
|
| 12 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 3 || 0 || 3 || 1 || 1 || 7 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 3.0 || 0.0 || 3.0 || 1.0 || 1.0 || 7.0
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2015
|
| 12 || 8 || 9 || 1 || 38 || 36 || 74 || 23 || 18 || 90 || 1.1 || 0.1 || 4.8 || 4.5 || 9.2 || 2.9 || 2.2 || 11.2
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2016
|
| 12 || 13 || 5 || 2 || 51 || 71 || 122 || 21 || 39 || 289 || 0.4 || 0.2 || 3.9 || 5.5 || 9.4 || 1.6 || 3.0 || 22.2
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2017
|
| 12 || 7 || 4 || 2 || 40 || 25 || 65 || 20 || 30 || 186 || 0.6 || 0.3 || 5.7 || 3.6 || 9.3 || 2.9 || 4.3 || 26.6
|- class="sortbottom"
!colspan=3| Career
! 97
! 36
! 20
! 484
! 404
! 888
!255
! 236
! 1749
! 0.4
! 0.2
! 5.0
! 4.2
!9.1
! 2.6
! 2.4
! 18.0
|}

See also
 List of AFL debuts in 2007
 List of Adelaide Football Club players
 List of Fremantle Football Club players

References

External links

<mask> <mask>'s profile on the Official WAFL Website

1986 births
Adelaide Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Western Australia
Central District Football Club players
East Fremantle Football Club players
Fremantle Football Club players
Indigenous Australian players of Australian rules football
Living people
Noongar people
Peel Thunder Football Club players
People educated at Applecross Senior High School
People from Bunbury, Western Australia

masks:
Jonathon Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Griffin
Jonathon
Griffin
Jonathon
Griffin


texts:
William Howard Ashton (born 19 August 1943), known professionally as <mask><mask>, is an English pop singer. In the 1960s he was managed by Brian Epstein, who also managed the Beatles, and he recorded several original Lennon–McCartney compositions. Early life and career
<mask> grew up as the youngest of seven siblings and attended the St George of England Secondary School, Bootle. He then took up an engineering apprenticeship with British Railways and in his spare time played rhythm guitar in a group he had formed himself, before switching to become a vocalist. The performing name <mask> was chosen at random from a telephone directory. <mask> suggested that the "J" be added to the name further to distinguish him by adding a "tougher edge". <mask> soon came to the attention of Brian Epstein, ever on the look-out for new talent to add to his expanding roster of local artists.<mask> turned professional but his then backing group, the Coasters, were less keen, so Epstein sought out the services of a Manchester-based group, the Dakotas, a combo then backing Pete MacLaine. Even then, the Dakotas would not join <mask> without a recording contract of their own. Once in place, the deal was set and both acts signed to Parlophone under George Martin. Collectively, they were named <mask><mask> with the Dakotas to keep their own identities within the act. Once the Beatles broke through, the way was paved for a tide of Merseybeat and <mask> was offered the chance to cover "Do You Want to Know a Secret? ", first released by the Beatles on their own debut album, Please Please Me. The track had been turned down by Shane Fenton (later known as Alvin Stardust) who was looking for a career-reviving hit.Success
With record producer George Martin, the song "Do You Want to Know a Secret?" was a number two UK Singles Chart hit in 1963, (but number one in some charts), and was backed by another tune otherwise unreleased by the Beatles, "I'll Be on My Way". After this impressive breakthrough another Lennon/McCartney pairing, "Bad to Me" c/w "I Call Your Name", reached number one. It sold over a million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. "I'll Keep You Satisfied" ended the year with a respectable number four placing. <mask> was given a series of songs specially written for him by Lennon and McCartney which launched him into stardom. "I'll Keep You Satisfied", "From a Window", "I Call Your Name" (recorded by The Beatles themselves) and "Bad to Me" earned him appearances on the television programmes, Shindig!, Hullabaloo (hosted by Beatles manager Epstein) and The Ed Sullivan Show.(<mask> had also been offered Lennon/McCartney's "I'm in Love", and recorded a version in October 1963. In the end, it was shelved and the song was instead given to the Fourmost. In the 1990s, a <mask> compilation album included his version, as well as some recording studio banter on which Lennon's voice could be heard). The Dakotas enjoyed Top 20 success in 1963 on their own with the Mike Maxfield composition "The Cruel Sea", an instrumental retitled "The Cruel Surf" in the US, which was subsequently covered by The Ventures. This was followed by a George Martin creation, "Magic Carpet", in which an echo-laden piano played the melody alongside Maxfield's guitar. But it missed out altogether, and it was a year before their next release. All four tracks appeared on an EP later that year.The three hits penned by Lennon and McCartney suggested that <mask> would always remain in the Beatles' shadow, unless he tried something different. Despite being advised against it, he turned down the offer of another Lennon/McCartney song, "One and One Is Two", and insisted on recording the Stateside chart hit "Little Children". It became his second chart topper and biggest hit. In the United States, "Little Children" was backed with "Bad to Me". This was the only debut single of an act on the Hot 100, each of whose sides separately reached that chart's The Top 10 (No. 7 and No. 9, respectively)."From a Window", a Lennon/McCartney composition, was his second and last UK single of 1964, and became a Top Ten hit. After the peak
The year 1965 saw the end for the beat music boom, and the next <mask> single was "It's Gotta Last Forever", which harked back to a ballad approach. In a year where mod-related music from the likes of the Who prevailed, the single missed completely. <mask>'s cover version of Bacharach and David's "Trains and Boats and Planes" saw off Anita Harris' version in the UK, reaching a respectable number 12, but was trounced by that of Dionne Warwick in the US, and turned out to be the group's swansong, as all subsequent releases failed to chart. The Dakotas' ranks were then strengthened by the inclusion of Mick Green, formerly a guitarist with the London band the Pirates who backed <mask>d. This line-up cut a few tracks which were at odds with the balladeer's usual fare. These included a take on "When You Walk in the Room" and "Sneakin' Around".The Dakotas' final outing whilst with <mask> was the blues-driven "Oyeh! ", but this also flopped. Latterly

After releasing "We're Doing Fine", which also missed the charts, the singer and group parted company. <mask>, then lived in Rugby, Warwickshire, after marrying a local woman Ann Ginn there in 1968. He had a solo career over the next ten to fifteen years or so, working in cabaret and television with his new band, again from the Manchester area, consisting of Pete Heaton (bass), <mask> (drums) and Tim Randles (guitar) - this later saw changes with Bob Price now on bass, and Roger Bell on guitar. In the late 1970s, <mask> teamed up with Bedford musicians Mike Austin (bass), Max Milligan (guitar) and <mask> (percussion), and the one constant member throughout the changes in musicians at this time was his sound engineer Stewart Oakes, performing cabaret in the UK and Europe, whilst also recording "San Diego" and "Ships that Pass in the Night" – after which <mask> eventually went to live in the United States. The Dakotas re-formed in the late 1980s and recruited vocalist Eddie Mooney and session musician Toni Baker.They still tour and record. Other latter-day members are drummer Pete Hilton and guitarist Alan Clare. In 1983, <mask> released a solo single on the RAK label, "You Can't Live on Memories" / "Stood Up", which failed to chart. The following year, 1984, he released "Shootin' the Breeze" / "Doris Day Movie" on 'Mean Records'. Again, this failed to chart. In 2005, <mask> recorded the song "Cow Planet" for Dog Train, the children's album by Sandra Boynton. A long-term fan of <mask>, Boynton had sought him out for her project: in 1964, at the age of 11, Little Children became the first album she ever bought.In late 2012, <mask> went back into the studio for the first time in years to record a new CD, I Won the Fight, which was released in 2013. The CD features some new songs written by <mask>, as well as some covers. In 2013, <mask> provided the introduction to the graphic novel The Fifth Beatle by Vivek Tiwary. The book was released in November and spent several weeks on the New York Times best-seller list, reaching No. 1 in its third week of release. He also released a new album, entitled I Won the Fight. In 2015, <mask> was part of the British Invasion 50th Anniversary tour, performing in the US and the UK.The following year saw the publication of his autobiography Do You Want to Know A Secret, co-written with Alyn Shipton. Discography

Singles

Albums
 Listen ... (1963, UK)
 Little Children (1964, US)
 I'll Keep You Satisfied (1964, US)
 Trains and Boats and Planes (1965, US)
 Billy Boy (1966, UK)
 I Won the Fight (2013, US)

Collections
 The EP collection (1995, UK)

Notes

References

External links
 <mask><mask> official website
 The Dakotas official website
 <mask> <mask> Interview 2013
  Discography
 <mask><mask> Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2017)

1943 births
Living people
English pop singers
English male singers
English expatriates in the United States
People from Bootle
Parlophone artists
Imperial Records artists
Liberty Records artists
British Rail people
Beat musicians
The Dakotas (band) members

masks:
Billy J
. Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
John Lennon
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Billy J
. Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Johnny Kid
Kramer
Kramer
John Miller
Kramer
John Dillon
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Kramer
Billy J
. Kramer
Billy J
Kramer
Billy J
. Kramer


texts:
<mask> (October 25, 1912 – May 21, 1980) was an American National Basketball League player. In college basketball, <mask> was one of the first players to put the "jump shot" to practical use. Overview
<mask>' Pound, Virginia high school did not field a basketball team his first two high school years. <mask>’ team won the state championship his junior and senior years (1930 & 31). The team record for 1930 was 28 wins and 2 losses with 1931 being 35 wins and 0 losses. <mask> was designated captain of the All-State team both years. <mask> played varsity ball 4 years (1931–35) at Emory & Henry College scoring 2,013 points in 104 games for a per game average of 19.4 points in an era when team scores were seldom over 30 or 35 points per game.His scoring was a new record for that time and still stands for play prior to the 1937 revision of the center-jump rule which called for walking the ball back to the center-line after every basket made and with the clock still running. (It's been estimated that this used up 8 to 10 minutes per game.) <mask> scored 1,531 points against college opposition in 80 games and 482 points against pro and semi-pro teams in 24 games. Emory and Henry's overall team record was 90 wins and 14 losses. His scoring total and per-game average was featured in Ripleys’ "Believe it or Not" in 1936. One significant reason for <mask>’ prolific scoring was his use of a jump-shot. Historian and writer Stephen Fox, in his book “Big Leagues,” contends, after exhaustive research, that <mask> was the very first college player to utilize a jump-shot to such a scoring advantage.It was an offensive weapon the opposition had never seen before. In the 1930s there did not exist the well defined college conferences as today. Consequently, smaller schools like Emory & Henry were as likely to play the largest of schools as well as the smaller ones. Emory & Henry regularly played the University of Richmond, Virginia Tech, University of Tennessee, William & Mary, East Tennessee State, George Washington, University of Virginia etc. A game against the much larger University of Richmond Spiders is significant. The only team to have an undefeated season, in the history of Virginia college basketball, was the 1934-35 Richmond team. Richmond's late coach, Malcolm (Mac) Pitt, in a letter to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, describes how Richmond, in its final game of the season, narrowly edged Emory and Henry with their defensive efforts being focused primarily on <mask>.Richmond defeated Emory and Henry, IN OVERTIME, on Richmond's home court in an era when officiating was far less than the high caliber profession it is today. The "home court" was generally considered a 4 or 5 point advantage for the home team. Upon graduating, <mask> received many professional offers from National Basketball League (NBL) and other professional teams, but opted for coaching basketball at Norton High in Norton, Virginia. He turned the program around and won the district championship in the two years he coached – 1936 and 1937 seasons. He was induced by the Firestone Non-Skids of the NBL to play for the 1938-39 season. The Firestone team had four All-Americans including <mask> – Art Bonniwell of Dartmouth and John Moir and Paul Nowak, both from Notre Dame. Firestone won the NBL Eastern Division championship with a 24 and 3 season record.They then won the NBL Championship by beating the Western Division champions (Oshkosh All-Stars) in a best of 5 series. Their .875 winning percentage for the regular season is the highest winning percentage in the history of the NBL and the NBA (National Basketball Association). Ironically, the standout player on the team was a non-collegian, "Soup" Cable, a local Akronite, who averaged 10 points with the other scoring being fairly evenly distributed in the 3 to 6 point range. <mask> played little basketball in the two years after college, yet was able to make a significant contribution to the Firestone teams’ outstanding season. <mask>, knowing that basketball wasn't going to be his life's career, took advantage of a job opportunity with Firestone after the one spectacular season. <mask> and his six brothers (five of whom were Virginia high school all-state) fielded a team and dominated the Northeast Ohio industrial leagues during the early 1940s. <mask> and his brothers took a leave of absence from Firestone in January 1945 to sell war-bonds by barnstorming Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina and West Virginia where <mask>' name was still legend.Their opposition was colleges, pro and semi-pro teams. (On March 10, 1945, $50,000.00 was raised in a victory over Milligan College.) Five of the seven brothers were exempted from military service during the World War II years because their Firestone jobs were critical to the war effort. The other two did a tour of duty in the navy and army respectively. Play with his brothers in the mid-1940s was the end of <mask>’ involvement with basketball with the exception of two years in the 1960s. He coached Clinch Valley College of the University of Virginia for two seasons – 1964 through 1966. The team record for the season prior to his arrival was 2 wins and 19 losses.<mask>’ record was 14 wins and 6 losses each of the two years he coached. Until <mask>’ college coaching debut the school had never known a winning season. Jump shot
 Basketball writers and historians have debated where, when and from whom the jump shot came. The consensus conclusion is that no one knows for sure. The first basketball "jump" shot could have been executed in 1918, or any year, by any John Doe in Any Town, U.S.A. The more important consideration is, who was the first in organized basketball to put to use a "jump" style shot with the end result being “increased scoring” for that individual, assuming it was an asset to the team? In college basketball, the undisputed first player(s) to put a jump shot to practical use, were <mask> of Emory and Henry College and John M Cooper of the University of Missouri.Again, noted historian and writer, Stephen Fox, in his 1994 book, “Big Leagues,” shows that <mask> and Cooper both used a jumper simultaneously in time (early 1930s) and yet totally independent of each other. Both shot a two handed jumper. The greatest difference between the two was their scoring averages. While Cooper's 11 plus point average was considered great in that era of low scoring games, it paled in comparison to <mask>’ 19 plus average. <mask>’ high school did not have an indoor gym and therefore had to practice on an outdoor dirt court. Often when the ground was too muddy for dribbling, the players would just pass to each other and shoot when someone was open. <mask>, even when guarded closely, started jumping in the air, with ball in hand, and released the ball at the apex of his jump.It wasn't until a decade or so later that the "jump shot" started to become more widely used. Four players to be credited with popularizing the jumper in the mid-to-late 1940s were Bud Palmer, Belus Smawley, Kenny Sailors and Joe Fulks. Basketball observations
 <mask>' high school and college scoring was considered by many nothing short of spectacular. Compared to today, record keeping in the 1930s was very lacking and it is therefore impossible to give an accurate accounting of his high school scoring totals. Testimony from former high school teammates, via letters submitted to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, indicate that <mask>’ high school scoring was well in excess of a 20-point average. Many considered his college scoring as truly “unbelievable” as Ripleys’ "Believe it or Not" feature indicated. His 2,013 point total stood unmatched until 1949 when Loyola's Steve Lacey exceeded 2,000 points.The closest that any college player, prior to 1935, had come to <mask>’ 19 plus per game average was “Hall of Fame” great and 1930 Montana State graduate, John "Cat" Thompson, with a 15 plus per game average. Nineteen of the 100 games Thompson's team played during his four years was against non-college opponents, with Montana State averaging 77 points per game and winning each game. (Example: Montana State beat Havre All-Stars 110 to 10). It is therefore obvious that Thompson averaged significantly less than 15 points against bona-fide college teams. <mask>' and Hank Luisetti's records

In 1938, newspapers throughout the South announced that Stanford's great “Hall of Famer," Hank Luisetti, voted 2nd greatest player of the first half century, had broken <mask>’ scoring record. They stated that Luisetti had scored 1,596 points in four years as opposed to <mask>’ 1,531 points. What was overlooked by the press was the fact that 305 of Luisetti's points were scored in 15 games as a freshman against college freshmen and high school teams.It was also in his freshman year that Luisetti attained his highest average (20.3) of any of his four years at Stanford. Also, Hank Luisetti played in 95 games (compared to <mask>' 80 games) in accumulating his 1,596 points for an overall per game average of 16.8 points. In a letter dated April 27, 1979 and addressed to Carroll Tate of the "Coalfied Progress," Stanford University's “Sports Information Director,” Bob Rose, confirms that Luisetti's scoring total was 1,291 points in 80 games for a 16.1 per game average (sophomore, junior and senior years). <mask> played all 80 games against varsity college competition, including 18 games as a freshman. During his freshman year, <mask> scored 292 points for an average of 16.2 points per game. Note the following comparison chart summarizing <mask>’ and Luisetti's college statistics for games played against college teams. There are several glaring similarities between <mask>’ and Luisetti's basketball careers.First, both used a revolutionary new shot that accounted for each players’ accelerated scoring – <mask> with a two-handed jump shot and Luisetti with a one-handed running shot. Secondly, the team records for Emory and Henry and Stanford were 68-12 during <mask>’ and Luisetti's 80 varsity games played against other colleges and universities. Thirdly, <mask> and Luisetti each scored fifty points in a game – <mask> against the "House of David," a non-college team. (<mask> scored 38 points in a college game against Union College of Kentucky Luisetti's 50 point performance was against Duquesne University of Pennsylvania. Lastly, both <mask> and Luisetti enjoyed a limited post-college professional basketball career. Luisetti's rise to national prominence was generated by Stanford's good fortune in being invited by Ned Irish to play in Madison Square Garden. After barnstorming across the country playing to capacity crowds in big cities like Cleveland and Philadelphia, Stanford concluded their tour by playing Long Island University (LIU) on December 30, 1936.LIU had won 43 straight games, but was whipped by Stanford as Luisetti had a great night scoring 15 points. One can only conjecture the result had Emory and Henry and <mask> been invited by Ned Irish to play in Madison Square Garden. Would the opposing teams have been able to adjust to and defend the unorthodox and likely never-before-seen two handed jump shot of <mask>? On the other hand, how well would Luisetti's exploits have been remembered had Stanford not made their cross-country trip culminating in the LIU game where he was in the cross-hairs of the powerful Northeast press. A comparison of <mask>’ and Luisetti's playing abilities is not the intent here, nor is it an attempt to detract from Luisetti's greatness. It is intended, rather, to use Luisetti's great accomplishments as a mirror for <mask>’ individual basketball accomplishments. Record keeping was also limited in college games of the 1930s and therefore records for field goal percentages, foul shooting percentages, assists etc.were non-existent. Letters from Emory and Henry teammates Sam Neal, Walter Fielder and Paul Mackey, on file at the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, indicate that <mask> field goal percentage was well in excess of 50 per cent. They further state that he rarely missed a foul shot. They also attested to his strong defensive play. <mask>, in a 1975 interview with Abe Goldblatt for his book, "The Great and the Near Great: A Century of Sports in Virginia," stated that he "took every defensive assignment as a personal challenge to hold my opponent to as few points as possible." Also, in a letter on file at the Basketball Hall of Fame, Firestone teammate Irv Terjesen testifies to <mask>' all around play. If one is to believe the testimony of his college and professional teammates, <mask> was more than a prolific scorer, but an all around great player.Basketball Hall of Fame

There are many people, especially Southerners, who think <mask> should be in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. The game of basketball in the 1920s and 1930s did not enjoy the national focus of today. It was more provincial in focus and coverage. The only possible national focus was on what would be considered the basketball power structure of the day, the New England and New York City/New Jersey area. Supporting this is the fact that all players, from <mask>' era, inducted into the Hall of Fame are from the Northeast with a few from the Mid-West and, of course, Luisetti from California. As already pointed out, Luisetti had a chance to show his stuff in New York City. The geography that <mask> covered during his college days was definitely void of national focus and attention.This fact does not, however, make <mask> exploits and contributions to the game any less real or significant. It would be presumptuous and erroneous to conclude that <mask>' caliber of play was inferior because he was never in the crosshairs of the powerful Northeast press. There is no player in the Hall of Fame from <mask>' era whose accomplishments come remotely close to <mask>' scoring achievements and all-around play. Personal life

No one knows for sure whether <mask> should be spelled with one or two n's; it's been done equally both ways throughout his life. To say that <mask> and his six brothers were born to humble beginnings, would be an understatement. Few today could visualize sweeping snow out of every room the next morning after a snowfall. Probably no one can remember newspaper as their standard wall paper.It was not an easy life for Charlie and Orlena <mask> and their brood of seven boys. Children in those agrarian days were viewed as workhands as soon as they were old enough for a hoe to fit their hands. The average summer day on South Fork, located five miles (8 km) from Pound, Virginia, began before dawn with breakfast followed by hoeing, mowing and whatever else was needed on their farm that produced corn, potatoes and the ancillary crops needed for food. A few cows, hogs and many chickens rounded out their food sources. Even though they could have been used full-time on the farm, Mommy <mask> vowed her boys were going to get an education even if they had to walk to school; and walk they did. <mask> started his five-mile (8 km) trek before daylight with lantern in hand, leaving the lantern on the same barn each morning. There was always time for basketball each day before and after school.<mask> graduated from Emory and Henry College in 1935, where he was in the social fraternity Beta Lambda Zeta. Rather than take one of the many offers to play professional basketball, <mask> opted to coach and teach at Norton High School for two years. Immediately after college he married Helen Joyce Keys and had three children, <mask>., Mary Virginia and Larry Van. After playing one year of professional basketball with Firestone (1938–39), he went to work full-time for Firestone where he enjoyed a successful career, working his way up to being head of Firestone's "Time Study" Department. In 1963 he resigned from Firestone to join his son, <mask>. in their new tire business in Norton, Virginia. At the time of his death, this business and the eleven others in Southwest Virginia, Eastern Kentucky and East Tennessee had become the third largest Firestone dealer in the country and the largest consumer of Firestone retread rubber in the country. <mask> developed colon cancer in 1978 and succumbed to it in 1980.References

 Emory & Henry College - Sports Information Director and Sports Archivist, Nathan Graybeal - Emory, Virginia
 Bicentennial History of Washington County, Virginia (1776–1876)-By J. Allen Neal-Copyright 1977-Taylor Publishing Co. Newspaper Clippings from various newspapers and over 100 letters from teammates, opponents, coaches, referees and sportswriters are on file at Basketball Hall of Fame with copies available from Bill Lane of "Kingsport Times News" blane@timesnews.net

External links
 NBL stats

1912 births
1980 deaths
Akron Firestone Non-Skids players
All-American college men's basketball players
American men's basketball players
Basketball coaches from Virginia
Basketball players from Virginia
Centers (basketball)
Dayton Metropolitans players
Emory and Henry Wasps men's basketball players
High school basketball coaches in Virginia
People from Pound, Virginia
People from Wise, Virginia
Power forwards (basketball)
Toledo Jim White Chevrolets players
Virginia–Wise Cavaliers men's basketball coaches

masks:
Glenn Roberts
Roberts
Glenn Roberts
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Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glen Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
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Roberts
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Roberts
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Roberts
Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
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Glen Roberts
Roberts
Roberts
Roberts
Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Glenn Roberts
Roberts
Roberts
Glenn
Glenn Roberts
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Glenn Roberts
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Glenn
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<mask> (January 13, 1943 – February 2, 2007) was an American science fiction writer and editor, who edited a large number of anthologies and collections for a variety of publishers in the early to mid-1970s. Biography

Born and raised in Southern New Jersey, <mask> started his professional writing career shortly after graduating from high school. <mask> edited two wrestling magazines, The Big Book of Wrestling and Official Wrestling Guide, on a contract basis in 1971–72 for Jalart House, an Arizona publisher, and regularly photographed matches (wrestling magazines placed a premium on photos rather than text). He became a regular with locker room access at some shows on the East Coast, which might seem to contradict rumours that he had become disillusioned with wrestling when it came to his attention that some pro wrestling matches were fixed. This period produced some fictional confessional stories (e.g. "I Killed a Man in the Ring") that <mask> claimed were based on "a blending of interviews". He abruptly left the job in between late 1972 and early 1973, telling writers the wrestling magazines were too much work for too little compensation.Elwood was published by four different publishers in the first six years as an SF anthologist. During the following few years he would contract with over a dozen other publishers to produce many dozens of individual books and two anthology series, the four-book Continuum and two-book Frontiers. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction observes that "At one time it was estimated that <mask> alone constituted about one quarter of the total market for SF short stories." Around the time the SF anthology market was bottoming out, <mask> moved on to Laser Books, an ultimately unsuccessful attempt by romance publishing giant Harlequin Books to systematize and regularize SF into a uniform series of novels by diverse authors. He then effectively left the mainline science fiction/fantasy field in the late 1970s. <mask>'s biography on the Fantastic Fiction website omits all mention of his work in the mainline science fiction/fantasy field and identifies him as a Writer-in-Residence (or occasionally a "professor of literature") at a Bible college in the mid-west. The biography also claims that "12 of his novels have won Excellence in Media awards for best book of the year", although the Silver Angels award website includes only a general "Print" category, and does not list <mask>'s name.In the 1990s, <mask> became a prolific writer of Christian-based novels, with more than thirty novels published throughout that decade. Criticisms
Elwood's significant presence in the genre anthology field in the mid 1970s is not without its detractors, whose criticisms range from professional to ad hominem; James Nicoll has noted that <mask> anthologies, were reluctant to buy more". A review of Elwood's 1976 anthology Six Science Fiction Plays in the Star Trek fan magazine Enterprise Incidents remarked that except for the inclusion of the original teleplay of the episode "The City on the Edge of Forever" by Harlan Ellison, the book was "another excursion into mediocrity by <mask>". Quality
Amongst other criticisms, which she suggests "are more conjectural, but not easily dismissed", Nielsen Hayden nominates "the quality of the books themselves". She describes Elwood's theme anthologies as "carelessly edited" and "low-grade", although she allows that "some of Elwood's collections were quite decent," and that "all of them featured some good writers and good stories." The following are examples of peer recognition accorded to some of the stories printed in Elwood's anthologies (source: the Internet Speculative Fiction Database):

 The short story "Forever and Amen" by Robert Bloch, from Elwood's 1972 anthology And Walk Now Gently Through the Fire and Other Science Fiction Stories was chosen by Forrest J. Ackerman for inclusion in his Best Science Fiction for 1973 compilation. The 1973 anthology Future City included "The World as Will and Wallpaper" by R. A. Lafferty, which was reprinted by Terry Carr in The Best Science Fiction of the Year #3 (1974), "The Undercity" by Dean Koontz, which has been re-anthologized twice (in 1977 by Martin H. Greenberg and Joseph D. Olander in Criminal Justice Through Science Fiction, and in 1997 by Ric Alexander in Cyber-Killers), and "Getting Across" by Robert Silverberg which has also been re-anthologized twice (in 1986 by Greenberg et al.in Computer Crimes and Capers and in 1997 by Waugh and Greenberg in Sci-Fi Private Eye). The Future City anthology itself was reprinted in the United Kingdom by Sphere Books in 1976. Robert Silverberg's "The Wind and the Rain", from Elwood's 1973 anthology Saving Worlds, was reprinted  by Harry Harrison and Brian Aldiss in their Best SF: 1973 anthology. "After King Kong Fell" by Philip José Farmer, from Elwood's 1973 anthology Omega, was nominated for a Nebula Award in 1974, and reprinted by Harrison and Aldiss in Best SF: 1974. Elwood's 1973 anthology Showcase contains Silverberg's novelette Breckenridge and the Continuum, which was chosen by Terry Carr for The Best Science Fiction of the Year #3 (1974), as well as "The Childhood of the Human Hero" by Carol Emshwiller, which was included in Nebula Award Stories 9, edited by Kate Wilhelm. Thomas F. Monteleone's short story "Breath's a Ware That Will Not Keep", from Elwood's 1975 anthology Dystopian Visions, was nominated for  a Nebula award in 1976. No less than twenty of the stories chosen by Barry N. Malzberg for inclusion in his collection The Best of Barry N. Malzberg (1976) were first published in one or other of Elwood's original anthologies.Professionalism
Elwood is reported to have underpaid authors. Additionally, Teresa Nielsen Hayden discusses speculation about the financial details of some of Elwood's projects "that by all indications should have had generous budgets" but were "peculiarly long on authors who had slight or nonexistent publishing credentials outside of <mask> projects." Elwood's eight-volume young adult hardcover Lerner SF Library (1974), with three or four stories per volume, includes stories from three authors whose only recorded sale, according to the Internet Speculative Fiction Database, was to that book; two more authors who only ever sold stories to <mask>; and one whose only first sale was to <mask>, but who had the story picked up for republication elsewhere. SF hardcovers were relatively uncommon in the 1970s and the stories were supposedly original commissions, so Nielsen Hayden believes it is reasonable to assume that this was a well-funded project. Normally the entire advance for an anthology is paid out to the anthologist, who then purchases story rights out of his or her own pocket, retaining any unspent advance money. Given the availability of experienced short fiction writers at the time, Elwood's choice of inexperienced authors aroused suspicions. The Lerner SF Library also contains two stories by Earl and Otto Binder, and a third story by Otto alone.Given Earl and Otto Binder ceased to co-author stories in 1955, and that Earl died in 1965 and Otto in 1974, it seems unlikely any of these stories was a commissioned work. Industry impact
Nielsen Hayden reports that, prior to Elwood's involvement in the market, anthologies and collections were very popular with readers, and were considered by the publishing industry to be "a surer bet than novels." She goes on to accuse Elwood of "singlehandedly breaking the story collection/anthology market". By "wreck[ing] the readers' faith in collections" she says, Elwood "squandered industry credibility accumulated over decades by better anthologists". Anthologies and story collections, she suggests, became "a hard sell". Whether Elwood's impact has been a long-term one, as Nielsen Hayden maintains, is difficult to discern from the figures, which point to continuing high numbers of anthologies published annually. (The stories by Pangborn are based in the world of his novel Davy, but at different times within that world's fictional history.)The eighth story in each volume is part of a rotating author series started by Dean R. Koontz. Continuum 1 (1974)
Continuum 2 (1974)
Continuum 3 (1974)
Continuum 4 (1975)

As Author

Novel series

Angelwalk:
Angelwalk (1988)
Fallen Angel (1990)
Stedfast Guardian Angel (1992)

Darien: Guardian Angel of Jesus (1994)
The Angelwalk Trilogy: Angelwalk / Fallen Angel / Stedfast (omnibus) (1995)
Darien's Angelwalk for Children (1995)
Angels in Atlantic City (1998)
Wendy's Phoenix (1999)
Where Angels Dare (1999)
On Holy Ground (2001)

Bartlett Brothers:
Sudden Fear (1991)
Terror Cruise (1991)
Forbidden River (1991)
The Frankenstein Project (1991)
Disaster Island (1992)
Nightmare at Skull Junction (1992)

Oss Chronicles:
Wolf's Lair (1993)
Deadly Sanction (1993)
Code Name Bloody Winter (1993)

Without the Dawn:
How Soon the Serpent (1997)
Valley of the Shadow (1997)
The Judas Factor (1997)
Bright Phoenix (1997)

Novels

Long Night of Waiting (1974)
Remnant (1989)
The Christening (1989)
The Wandering (1990)
Children of the Furor (1990)
Dwellers (1990)
Sorcerers of Sodom (1991)
Dark Knight (1991)

Wise One (1991)
Soaring : An Odyssey of the Soul (1992)
Maggie's Song (1993)
Circle of Deception (1993)
The Road to Masada (1994)
Shawn Hawk: A Novel of the 21st Century (1995)
Act of Sacrifice: Vol. 3 (1997)
Ashes of Paradise (1997) (which explains how to reconcile Confederate slaveholding and Christian ideals)
Stephen the Martyr (1998)

Other
The Dukes of Hazzard Scrapbook

See also
Sam Moskowitz
Vic Ghidalia
 The book Science Fiction and Market Realities'', proceedings of the conference from an Eaton Conference, ed. George Slusser, Gary Westfahl, and Eric S. Rabkin, Athens : University of Georgia Press, c1996, , has one or more essays that discuss the effect of Elwood on the science fiction market in some detail. References

External links

Bibliography on SciFan
Excellence In Media awards
Biography and Bibliography at Fantastic Fiction

1943 births
2007 deaths
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American male novelists
American science fiction writers
American speculative fiction editors
Science fiction editors
American male short story writers
20th-century American short story writers
21st-century American short story writers
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers

masks:
Roger Elwood
Roger Elwood
Elwood
Elwood
Roger Elwood
Elwood
Elwood
Elwood
Elwood
Elwood
Roger Elwood
Roger Elwood
Roger Elwood
Roger Elwood


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<mask>, Baron <mask>  (born 21 February 1965) is a British diplomat, civil servant and politician who was a Minister of State at the Cabinet Office between March and December 2021. <mask> was Chief Negotiator of Task Force Europe from January 2020 until his resignation in December 2021. <mask> spent his early professional career in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), becoming Ambassador to Denmark, EU Director at the FCO, and Director for Europe and International Trade at the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. He was a special adviser to Boris Johnson when the latter was Foreign Secretary in Theresa May's government. After Johnson was appointed Prime Minister, <mask> was Chief Negotiator for Exiting the European Union from 2019 to 2020 and the Prime Minister's Europe Adviser from 2019 to 2021. He was appointed Chief Negotiator of Task Force Europe in January 2020. He was elevated to the House of Lords as a life peer in September 2020.<mask> became Minister of State at the Cabinet Office and a full member of the cabinet in March 2021. He resigned from his government positions in December 2021. Early life
<mask> was born in Derby and was educated at Nottingham High School as a free scholar from 1976 to 1983, before attending St. John's College, Oxford, where he took a first-class degree (MA) in French and history. His studies majored on medieval European history and medieval French. Diplomatic career
<mask> joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) in 1987, and shortly after was posted to the British High Commission in Nicosia where he learned Greek and was responsible for covering Greek Cypriot politics and the Cyprus problem. In 1993, he was posted to the UK Representation to the EU in Brussels as First Secretary for Economic and Financial Affairs, where he worked on issues such as the EU Budget, the economic and financial implications of enlargement to Central Europe, and the Euro. He was then posted to the UK Mission to the United Nations in New York, where he covered Human Rights and Social and Economic Affairs.<mask> returned to London to be successively the Private Secretary to the Head of the Diplomatic Service, Sir John Kerr (now the <mask> of Kinlochard), and Deputy Head of the European Union External Department, covering international trade policy issues and relations with the Balkans and Eastern Europe. <mask> was promoted Economic Counsellor to the British Embassy, Paris, in 2001, where he was responsible for reporting and lobbying on all aspects of French economic and commercial life, together with its EU policy. He returned to London to be Head of the EU (Internal) Department and then Director for the European Union in the Foreign Office. In this period he led work on a range of economic and social issues, notably the resistance to the initial Working Time Directive, and the negotiation on the EU's multi-annual Budget framework. He was a member of the UK's leadership team during its EU Presidency in 2005. From May 2006 until October 2008, <mask> served as HM Ambassador to Denmark and was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in the 2006 Birthday Honours. He was then Director for Strategy and Policy Planning in the Foreign Office from October 2008 to October 2010, before being seconded to the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills where he served three years as Director for Europe, Trade, and International Affairs, HMG's most senior trade policy official.Post-diplomatic career
<mask> left HM Diplomatic Service in 2013 to become CEO of the Scotch Whisky Association, a trade association. In 2015, in a hearing before the Scottish Parliament he argued in favour of the UK's membership of the EU, noting that for a Briton on an average salary, the benefit of the UK being a member of the EU was around £1,500 a year. <mask> was admitted as a liveryman of the Distillers' Company in 2016. It was in his capacity as CEO that he wrote an article before the Brexit referendum for Portland Communications, in which he supported the case for remaining in the EU's Single Market and said that leaving it would be "fraught with economic risk". After Boris Johnson became Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, <mask> was appointed in November 2016 as his special adviser, serving until Johnson resigned from office in July 2018. In early 2019, <mask> became CEO of the London Chamber of Commerce and Industry. He has also served as a public commentator on the European Union, global economic and commercial issues, and multilateral diplomacy, as a member of the Advisory Council of the eurosceptic think tank Open Europe, and between June and October 2016, through his industry role as head of the Scotch Whisky Association, as a member of the Scottish Government's Standing Council on Europe advising on Brexit.Johnson government

Brexit negotiations

<mask> was the United Kingdom's Chief Negotiator for Exiting the European Union during the Brexit negotiations in 2019 which resulted in the revised Brexit withdrawal agreement. After the UK left the European Union in January 2020, <mask> led the UK's negotiations with the EU on a free trade agreement during the Brexit transition period. The UK government led by Boris Johnson pursued a desire to trade freely with the EU while being subject to as few EU rules as possible, and especially not to the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice. For its part, the EU insisted that the price for UK access to the European Single Market was compliance with EU subsidies, social, environmental and other regulations to avoid distorting competition in the single market. Another major point of contention was fisheries. Part of the impetus for Brexit was the desire of some of the British to regain full control over their fishing waters, whereas EU coastal states demanded to retain all or most of the fishing rights they enjoyed under the EU's Common Fisheries Policy. The trade agreement which <mask> subsequently denounced, negotiated under increasing time pressure due to the end of the transition period on 31 December 2020, had to address all of these issues.Formal trade negotiations, in which Michel Barnier represented the EU and <mask> represented the UK, began on 31 March 2020. They were originally due to be concluded by the end of October 2020. However, negotiations continued and formally ended on 24 December 2020 when an agreement, the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement, was reached in principle after ten negotiating rounds. Chief Negotiator of Task Force Europe
On 31 January 2020, <mask> was appointed Chief Negotiator of Task Force Europe. On 19 December 2021 he was replaced by Liz Truss, the Foreign Secretary, as the government's chief negotiator with the EU. UK National Security Adviser nomination
On 28 June 2020, Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced his nomination of <mask> for a life peerage and as UK National Security Adviser, succeeding Sir Mark Sedwill. The Financial Times reported that this was unpopular with military and security services, who felt <mask> was underqualified.The appointment received criticism from former Cabinet Secretary Lord O'Donnell and former National Security Adviser Lord Ricketts due to concerns that the Civil Service's impartiality was being eroded by appointing a special adviser in this role. The appointment was also criticised by previous Prime Minister Theresa May in Parliament, who highlighted its political nature, and said <mask> does not have proven expertise in national security. Created a life peer, titled <mask>, of Allenton, in the County of Derbyshire, on 12 August 2020, he was introduced to the House of Lords on 8 September 2020. <mask> took over the role of acting National Security Adviser while Lord <mask> was completing the Brexit negotiations. On 29 January 2021, before he could take up the role full-time, <mask> was replaced as UK National Security Adviser by Sir Stephen Lovegrove. Instead, <mask> was appointed UK Representative for Brexit and International Policy. Minister of State at the Cabinet Office
<mask> was made a Minister of State at the Cabinet Office on 1 March 2021, and a full member of the cabinet.He was given responsibility for both the domestic and international aftermath of Brexit. He also succeeded Michael Gove as the UK chairman of the EU–UK Partnership Council. His first action, on 3 March, was to exempt British companies from certain regulations when shipping food to Northern Ireland. In June 2021, he wrote an article in the Financial Times calling for the EU to revisit the Northern Ireland Protocol, saying the "EU needs a new playbook for dealing with neighbours, one that involves pragmatic solutions between friends, not the imposition of one side's rules on the other and legal purism" and noted the government had underestimated the effect of the protocol. <mask> resigned from the government on 18 December 2021, stating that he had "concerns about the current direction of travel" of the government. He cited Boris Johnson's tax hikes, net zero commitments, COVID-19 regulations, and failure to seize the benefits of Brexit as the reason for his resignation. <mask> has also called out against "the neo-socialists, green fanatics and pro-woke crowd" in Downing Street under Johnson's premiership.Personal life
In 1993 <mask> married Jacqueline Elizabeth Dias, divorcing in 2018. He married Harriet Mathews, a former British Ambassador to Somalia, later that year. In March 2020, <mask> displayed "mild symptoms" of COVID-19 and accordingly self-isolated. See also
 Brexit

References

External links

<mask> at www.gov.uk
Lord <mask>'s parliamentary profile

1965 births
Living people
People from Derby
People educated at Nottingham High School
Alumni of St John's College, Oxford
British civil servants
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Denmark
Civil servants in the Cabinet Office
Government advisors
Conservative Party (UK) life peers
Diplomatic peers
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Life peers created by Elizabeth II

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David George Hamilton Frost
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Baron Kerr
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Baron Frost
David Quarrey
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<mask> (; ) is an American radio host, voiceover actor, and television personality. He was the host of American Top 40 from 1988 to 1995. He currently hosts the internationally syndicated radio show, Top of the World, and co-hosts Mental Radio, an entertaining approach to UFOs and paranormal topics. He was co-founder and creator of Sammy Hagar's rock station "Cabo Wabo Radio" which broadcast from the Cabo Wabo Cantina in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. In television, he was the announcer for The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson on CBS and, as of July 2015, serves as the primary continuity announcer for the Antenna TV network. His voice can also be heard as the voiceover for "G.O.D." in the Off-Broadway musical Altar Boyz.<mask> is also often heard on Hits & Favorites, calling in at least once a week to share wisdom with his brother <mask> and their friend Lori St. James. Early life
<mask> was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. He first came to fame in 1957 when a Life magazine article about him, entitled "America's Youngest D.J. ", featured a photo of <mask> broadcasting live over radio station KEYJ (now called KQDJ) in his hometown of Jamestown. The accompanying article extolled the fact that he had built his own working transmitter in the attic of his home the year before, using a "souped-up" wireless broadcasting kit with a hundred-foot antenna. It omitted, however, the additional information that the equipment and advice needed to build the transmitter had both been furnished by the staff engineers at KEYJ, which happened to be owned by his father and uncle; his family continues to own many radio stations in North Dakota to this day, under the Ingstad Family Media group. He was later "discovered" in a "man on the street" interview by the station and was soon broadcasting a weekly rock show called Spin with Terry.During his high school years, he obtained a full-time shift at the station as a host of the Mister Midnight program, where he developed his now-famous "slow 'n low" style of speaking. College and early career
<mask> attended and graduated from the University of North Dakota, where he was a member of Sigma Nu fraternity. Majoring in Commercial Art and Radio/TV Journalism at the University of North Dakota and the University of Arizona, <mask> put himself through college working in radio at KILO in Grand Forks, North Dakota; KQWB in Fargo, North Dakota; and KIKX in Tucson, Arizona, where he quickly became the most popular DJ in town, under the on-air persona of "Jefferson K."  Following college, he joined the Bill Drake-formatted station WRKO in Boston during the winter of 1968-69. At WRKO, he worked the early evening (6-9 p.m.) shift during the station's peak in popularity. In the spring of 1970, he moved to Southern California to another Drake outlet, KHJ, as one of the last true "Boss Jocks", where his big baritone and energetic enthusiasm soon gained a following. Before long, he gained significant popularity on radio and became the announcer and sidekick on the nationally syndicated television series The Steve Allen Show. <mask> later went on to become a radio personality and program director at KRLA in Los Angeles.Attaining status as a programmer, he was hired to make a success of KMET-FM and then to create the programming for a new radio format on a new Los Angeles station, KROQ-FM ("K-Rock"), where he remained for five years. 1970s and the rise to fame
During the late 1970s and early 1980s, <mask> gained an additional cult following when he created and produced "Fred R. Rated for Federated," a long-running series of offbeat television commercials for the Federated Group, a chain of home electronics retailers in the western and southwestern United States. These ads were so popular that they were the subject of a two-page spread in Time Magazine and led to a movie deal, television shows, and American Top 40. In 1984, <mask> entered an inpatient treatment facility in order to overcome a drug problem that had plagued him since the late 1960s. Acting career
<mask> acted for the first time when he was coerced into auditioning for Arthur Miller's After the Fall at the University of Arizona. He not only won a role, he got the demanding lead of Quentin, who is virtually never off the stage. One local reviewer said, the young performer "commanded the stage with a commanding voice."He contributed several deadpan readings of absurd material for The Kentucky Fried Movie and then gained national recognition as the announcer for two incarnations of The Hollywood Squares (the 1986–1989 and the first 4 seasons of the 1998-2004 version), appearing in the middle square of the bottom row and guest hosting for a week during the final season of the 1980s version, and guest-announcing during the second "Game Show Week" in the final season of the 1990s run. He also became known for playing Kenny Beckett on the sitcom Dave's World (1993–1997) and serving as announcer for the Fender Bender 500 segments of Wake, Rattle, and Roll. He appeared as himself on an episode of The Larry Sanders Show and also on Caroline in the City. In 1988, he starred in the film Traxx. In 1990, <mask> also starred as the title character on the TV series Max Monroe: Loose Cannon. In 1992, he made a small appearance in the comedy film Mr. Saturday Night. In 1996, he provided the voice for Doc Samson in The Incredible Hulk.In 1999, he had a cameo in a season 9 episode of Beverly Hills, 90210, playing Sonny Sharp, a former top radio DJ who befriends David Silver. In late 2005, <mask> was hired to be The Late Late Show's announcer, a position he held until the end of March 2015 when the production contract with then-Late Late Show producer Worldwide Pants ran out at the end of a two-month interregnum of guest hosts. As part of an April Fool's Day hosting swap, <mask> announced for The Price Is Right with Craig Ferguson hosting while Drew Carey with his Price is Right announcer George Gray hosted The Late Late Show on April 1, 2014. <mask> continues to work with Ferguson as the announcer on the History Channel's Join or Die with Craig Ferguson, and as of February 2017 on The Craig Ferguson Show on SiriusXM radio. In July 2015, <mask> was named the primary continuity announcer for Tribune Media's classic television subchannel network, Antenna TV, filling a position vacant since the death of fellow DJ and announcer Gary Owens on February 12, 2015. He is also the author of a series of children's books. The first, released in 2006, was called The Big Galoot.Personal life
<mask> married his first wife Linda in 1967 (divorced, 1979); he then married Cynthia Gaydos in 1980 (divorced, 1984). Most recently, he married Beverly Cunningham (an international model) in 1986. <mask> has three children, one son, Brad, from his first marriage and two daughters from his third marriage, <mask> West (also an actress) and Chyna Rose. Amber, appearing in the ABC Family series Greek, made an appearance on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson on July 27, 2007, with her father to promote the show. As a child, she also made a cameo appearance with her father on American Top 40 the weekend of December 24, 1989, as part of a Christmas skit. His brother, Richard, who occasionally filled in for <mask> on the 1986-89 version of Hollywood Squares, is a disc jockey on Citadel Media's Hits & Favorites format. See also
<mask> West, daughter
List of Sigma Nu brothers

References

External links

Shadoe's publishing company

1947 births
Living people
Game show announcers
People from Jamestown, North Dakota
American male television actors
American Top 40
University of North Dakota alumni
Male actors from North Dakota
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson
People from Stutsman County, North Dakota
Radio personalities from Los Angeles

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Shadoe Stevens
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<mask> (November 2, 1925 – June 1, 1996) was an activist for civil rights and human rights. He joined the Civil Rights Movement and became involved in the fight against capital punishment. He founded the National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (NCADP) and the Lawyer's Constitutional Defense Committee and headed the American Civil Liberties Union's Capital Punishment Project. Early life
<mask> was born in Wiesbaden, Germany. At 13, he moved to New York City in 1939 with his parents, right before World War II. After serving in the army in the war as a member of the Counterintelligence Corps from 1944 to 1946, he went to the City College of New York, where he received a bachelor's degree and then did graduate work in political theory at Columbia University After serving in the army, it is said that he had the "appearance of a durable veteran from ancient wars, penetrating eyes intolerant of bombast and passivity, facial lines that mobilize easily to express by turns infectious good humor, remembered pain, resignation, impatience." He married Kathleen Jett, and the couple had two daughters, Miriam and Hannah.In the 1950s, he worked as an executive of the International Rescue Committee, the American Committee for Cultural Freedom, and the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith. Work with civil rights
In 1960, he and his wife were in Lexington, Kentucky, and he overheard people talking about a sit-in at a lunch counter on the campus of Berea College. He decided to join in the sit-in and ended up being the only white person involved. It was the beginning of his fight for civil rights. Soon after he began his fight for black civil rights, he was arrested on June 21, 1961 in Jackson, Mississippi for his participation in the freedom rides. Once he was released, Martin Luther King, Jr. wrote on his imprisonment forms, "your courageous willingness to go to jail for freedom has brought us closer to our nation's bright tomorrow." From that point on, he and King attended many events together, with both of them speaking and making movements towards civil rights.In 1961, Schwarzschild embarked on his own speaking tour across America to try to recruit people to their cause. He went on to make many public statements on civil liberties, capital punishment, racial justice, and many other issues. In 1964, he created the Lawyers Constitutional Defense Committee of civil rights lawyers. In the first year, he convinced 300 lawyers to take their vacation time and go down to the South to help with the cause of black civil rights. Work with capital punishment
In 1972, he was appointed to head up the ACLU's Capital Punishment Project. From 1972 to 1990, he worked as the leader of this project and fought to get legislation passed to help with the opposition to the death penalty. For the first five years, he ran the project completely on his own.Afterward, it finally began to get both funding and more volunteers into the program. He also worked to create the National Coalition for Universal and Unconditional Amnesty to pressure Gerald Ford to pardon those who had left the United States to avoid conscription. In 1976, while he was still working with the Capital Punishment Project, he led the creation of the National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty (NCADP) in response to the Supreme Court decision Gregg v. Georgia, which permitted executions to resume in the United States. Schwarzschild organized it in New York and then transferred its headquarters to Washington, D.C., where he could do more with the legislation process. The NCADP consists of several dozen state and national affiliates, including Mainline Protestant groups and others. They created public policy campaigns and served as a resource for activists working to create change on a state by state basis. Opposition to Israel
Following the summer siege of Beirut in the 1982 Lebanon War by Israel, he wrote a public letter of resignation from the editorial advisory board of the journal Sh'ma:

I will not avoid an unambiguous response to the Israeli army's turning West Beirut into another Warsaw Ghetto.I now conclude and avow that the price of a Jewish state is, to me, Jewishly unacceptable and that the existence of this (or any similar) Jewish ethnic religious nation state is a Jewish, i.e. a human and moral, disaster and violates every remaining value for which Judaism and Jews might exist in history. The lethal military triumphalism and corrosive racism that inheres in the State and in its supporters (both there and here) are profoundly abhorrent to me. So is the message that now goes forth to the nations of the world that the Jewish people claim the right to impose a holocaust on others in order to preserve the State. I now renounce the State of Israel, disavow any political connection or emotional obligation to it, and declare myself its enemy. In 2003, the letter was included in Wrestling with Zion: Progressive Jewish-American Responses to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, edited by Tony Kushner and Alisa Solomon. In 1988, Schwarzschild testified before the Congressional Black Caucus as a member of the executive board of the Jewish Committee on the Middle East, saying, in part:

I and an increasing number of other American Jews are appalled at the spectacle of the State of Israel, which thinks of itself today as the contemporary incarnation of the Jewish people, having made another people into a dispersed nation; denying them national identity and self-determination; depriving them of their lands and water; suppressing their national, social, and cultural institutions; beating their children; killing unarmed civilians; exiling their leaders; imprisoning their spokespeople; destroying their homes; opening and closing the Occupied Territories as though they were the Jewish ghettos of the European Middle Ages ...In these and other statements, Schwarzschild characterized the treatment of the Palestinian people by the State of Israel as inconsistent with, and at times directly in opposition to, Jewish tradition and values. In 2003, an Orthodox Jewish American newspaper, The Jewish Press, created an annual "Henry Schwarzschild Award" for "a person in the public spotlight who, by his or her statements, displays contempt for the Jewish people, disregard for historical truth, a desire to sup at the table of Israel's enemies, or who otherwise plays into the hands of the enemies of Jews and Israel." Other activities
He stated that he "could not live in a period of major moral, social events and be a bystander." After retiring from the ACLU in 1990, he continued to work on Middle Eastern issues, and he remained the head of the New York office of the National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Schwarzschild was opposed to the death penalty all of his life and stated that "he is an advocate not for murderers but against the death penalty" in Word and the Law. He believed they still deserved to suffer but not by death. He fought, with little success, for the support of national political figures.Shortly before his death, he denounced the use of lethal injection in executions (NYSDA Defender News). Death
On June 1, 1996 Schwarzschild died of cancer at White Plains Hospital in White Plains, New York. He was 70 years old. Legacy
In 2000, Berea College added the special "Lincoln Center of Henry Schwarzschild" collection to its holdings. It included "printed works, government publications, and other contemporary pieces" donated by his wife, Kathleen, an alumnus of Berea. The annual <mask>d Memorial Lecture began in 1999, sponsored by the NYCLU and the Hogarth Center for Social Action at Manhattan College. The lecturers focus on critical issues of "human rights and human dignity."References

General

1925 births
1996 deaths
People from Wiesbaden
American anti–death penalty activists
American civil rights activists
American civil rights lawyers
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
Jewish anti-Zionism in the United States
City College of New York alumni
20th-century American lawyers

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Henry Schwarzschild
Schwarzschild
Henry Schwarzschil