texts:
<mask> (; 1 July 1476 – 12 January 1521), or Prince of Ning (), art name Weitian (畏天), was a member of the Ming dynasty's imperial family. He was the 5th generation descendant of <mask>, the 17th son of the Hongwu Emperor. He attempted to usurp the throne and was the leader of the Prince of Ning rebellion. Early years
<mask> was not a military man, but had literary talents and was a pleasure seeker. However, he was cunning and ambitious like almost all other princes, aiming to become emperor. <mask> succeeded to the title "Prince of Ning" in 1499 from his father, <mask> in the Hongzhi's era. The title was hereditary, from their ancestor <mask>, the first Prince of Ning.<mask> lived in Jiangxi province, far away from the Ming capital. Rebellion

<mask> had long intended to rebel, but he did not have an army or even bodyguards. This situation started with his ancestor <mask>. At that time, when the Yongle Emperor acceded to the throne he relocated <mask> (1st Prince of Ning) to Beijing. Then, to prevent <mask>'s rebellion, his army and bodyguards were withdrawn and never restored until <mask>'s tenure. In the summer of 1507, in the Zhengde's era, <mask> sent a eunuch to Beijing with an enormous bribe for Liu Jin. The prince wanted Liu Jin to restore his princely bodyguards and its revenues in return for the bribe.Although the Ministry of War objected, the princely bodyguard was restored but it was withdrawn again in September 1510, the day before Liu Jin was executed. <mask> was undaunted. He tried again to restore his army in 1514 through the Ministry of War, Lu Wan. Several years before, Lu Wan was an officer in Jiangxi and supporter to the prince. Lu Wan agreed to do it, but Grand Secretary Fei Hong refused to sign the draft; in other words he did not approve the request since he knew what the prince would do. However, the prince had plotted with some imperial officials such as Qian Ning, Cang Xian, several eunuchs and some of the Zhengde Emperor's personal staff to cheat Fei Hong. The plot was a success, Fei Hong was befooled and the Imperial decree was issued, the prince bodyguards being restored.In June 1514, the prince requested seals to give him authority to control the military army in his region. He also recruited hundreds of bandits to become his henchmen. In August 1514, <mask> requested authority to punish guilty Imperial clansmen. With recommendation from Lu Wan, the Zhengde Emperor agreed. By this time, the Prince of Ning referred to himself as ruler, his bodyguards as Imperial attendants and his order as imperial edicts. He also order local officials to wear formal court robes when attending to him. Governor of Jiangxi, speaking on behalf of his subordinates, said that it would be improper and refused to do it.<mask> began to recruit strategists and advisors to his cause. His principal advisor was a provincial examination graduate versed in military strategy. Local officials who refused to support the prince were eliminated. A Judicial Intendant of Jiangxi who reported the prince's treason to the court, was arrested and killed. Under these circumstances, other local officials cooperated and said nothing. In May 1517 several eunuchs from <mask>'s household secretly went to Beijing to report his unlawful activities. Commander of Imperial bodyguard Qian Ning reported this to the prince, then the eunuchs were arrested and beaten to die before reaching their objective.In July 1519, when <mask> was attending a banquet in honor of his birthday, a spy arrived from Beijing with the news that high officials had been sent to arrest him, for that was what had been rumored in Beijing. He left the banquet at once and called an urgent meeting of his advisors. They all agreed that the prince's plot was known, and could not wait any longer to take action. On 10 July 1519, <mask> assembled local officials and announced that eunuch Li Kuang had fooled the Hongzhi Emperor into thinking that the Zhengde Emperor was his son. According to him, the person on the throne was the child of a commoner. The prince also announced that he had received an edict from the empress to punish those bandits. Sun Sui, governor of Jiangxi asked the prince to show the empress's edict, but he was rejected.Then Sun Sui accused the prince of treason. Sun Sui and several officials who refused to cooperate were executed summarily. The prince's army issued out from his headquarters, the city of Nanchang, to secure the route to the Yangtze River. Jiujiang city fell on 13 July and the prefectural city of Anqing was besieged on 23 July. When this news reached Wang Yangming, governor of Southern Jiangxi at that time, he soon took action. Wang Yangming spread a false report that a huge Imperial army from Beijing was marching to Nanchang. The Prince of Ning did not dare to leave his headquarters for several days until he realized it was a false report.On 9 August, the rebel Prince and his main army reached Anqing and besieged the city over ten days. After many lives were lost, Anqing city still could not be taken. On 13 August, Wang Yangming and his army reached Nanchang. The prince's headquarters was not garrisoned well and only a few soldiers of the army defended the city. Soon after the siege of Nanchang news reached <mask>, he ordered a retreat from Anqing and back to Nanchang to protect his base. Wang Yangming stormed Nanchang and had a serious battle with the Prince of Ning. Then on 20 August, the rebel Prince and his army were totally defeated by Wang.The prince was going to flee with a small boat but it was discovered by Wang. Wang burned the boat before the prince reached it, and soon the prince was captured. Wang Yangming successfully put down the uprising that lasted for forty days. Death
All allies of the Prince of Ning were captured, including the commander of the Imperial guard, Qian Ning and the Minister of War, Lu Wan. Both were punished by death by slicing. The Imperial status of <mask> was removed in 1519 and he was allowed to take his own life on 12 January 1521, after which his corpse was burned. All of the prince's family members were also executed.See also
 Zhengde Emperor
 Prince of Anhua
 Wang Yangming

References
 The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part I, "The Prince of Ning Treason" by Frederick W. Mote and Denis Twitchett. 1476 births
1521 deaths
Ming dynasty imperial princes
Ming dynasty rebels
Executed people from Jiangxi
Executed royalty
Rebellious princes
16th-century executions by China

masks:
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Quan
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Jinjun
Zhu Quan
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Quan
Zhu Quan
Zhu Quan
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao


type: original

texts:
<mask> (or Neyra) (October 1, 1542 – October 18, 1595) was a Spanish navigator and discoverer, best known for two of the earliest recorded expeditions across the Pacific in 1567 and 1595. His voyages led to the discovery of the Marquesas, Cook Islands and Solomons among other archipelagos. Born in Congosto, in  El Bierzo Region (León), he was the nephew of <mask>, viceroy of Peru. Search for Terra Australis

Historian <mask> has written of “ardent spirits in Peru, inspiring three Spanish  voyages to the south west Pacific in the forty years from 1565 to 1605.” One of these ardent spirits was certainly Spanish soldier <mask> who arrived in Peru in 1557. <mask> developed an interest in Inca stories of gold and riches being collected from lands further to the west. Sarmiento's proposal for an expedition to find land in the Pacific was put to Governor <mask>, finding favour as it matched common Spanish belief in the existence of a great South Land. Historian Miriam Estensen argues that Governor Castro also agreed as a way of maintaining peace and order.“Restless and disruptive” elements in the Spanish Americas were encouraged to join such journeys of exploration to remove them from colonial society. The lure of possible wealth made these expeditions attractive to such men, often drawn from the poorest levels of society. However, Sarmiento <mask> was bitterly disappointed not to be made Captain-General of the expedition. Instead, command was given to the Governor Castro's nephew, the younger and relatively inexperienced <mask> <mask> <mask>. Sarmiento was to be “Cosmographer”. In Sarmiento's written account, he was Captain of the flagship and at least on the same level as chief pilot and navigator Hernando Gallego. While Sarmiento's interest was the riches to be gained, Mendaña's priority was conversion of "the heathen" to Christianity.Deep divisions had been created within the Spanish command, even before the expedition departed. The first voyage of 1567-1569

The two ships, the 200-ton Los Reyes (the Capitana or flagship) and the 140-ton Todos Santos (the Almiranta or secondary ship) sailed from Callao, in Peru on 20 November 1567, with about 150 sailors, soldiers, priests and slaves on board. After sighting a small island in mid January (probably Nui in what is now Tuvalu), a significant body of land was sighted on February 7, 1568. It was Santa Isabel Island, where they landed several days later. The expedition had discovered the Solomon Islands which they named Islas Salomon. The Spanish immediately came into contact with Solomon Islanders who were later found to be cannibals, though at first the relationship was cordial. However, the Spanish expedition's need for fresh food and water quickly led to tension and conflict as the islanders were unable to provide supplies after some time.The real prizes were pigs, desperately needed by the Spanish, which were also important to the local people's economy. The Spanish were horrified to find the islanders were cannibals when they were offered “a quarter of a boy with the arm and hand” which the islanders urged Mendaña to eat. After building a small brigantine, the surrounding islands of Malaita, Guadalcanal, Makira (which was named San Cristobal) and Choiseul Island were explored. However, the attempts to barter for food led to the same cycle of friendly welcome, misunderstandings, sullen retreats, occasional reconciliations, robberies and violent retaliation. Finally, at a council meeting of captains, pilots, soldiers and sailors on August 7, 1568, the decision was made to return to Peru. Mendaña had wanted to sail further south, while Sarmiento <mask>amboa and several soldiers unsuccessfully urged the establishment of a colony. The two ships sailed north then east, passing the Marshall islands and Wake island, before reaching the Mexican coast in late January 1569.It was a long and difficult voyage, with numerous deaths from scurvy. Results of the first voyage

The main result of the expedition was the discovery for Europeans of the Solomon Islands and Tuvalu. The navigators also gained valuable sailing experience for Spain, especially in crossing the vast South Pacific from Peru. These discoveries led to successive expeditions in search for Terra Australis, both by <mask> himself and by <mask> <mask>. However, the Great South Land had not yet been discovered by Europeans. The islands found, by now popularly called the Solomon Islands, had not revealed more than a few indications of gold. There were no spices and the people had not been converted to Christianity.The 1595-1596 voyage

A much larger and costlier expedition had been planned by the early 1590s, after Mendaña had spent years courting favour in Madrid and Lima. Four ships and 378 men, women and children were to establish a colony in the Solomon Islands. Again, the leaders of this voyage had “widely divergent personalities.<mask> was again in command, accompanied by his wife Doña Isabel Barreto, her three brothers and a sister. Chief pilot was to be a young Portuguese navigator in Spanish service, <mask> <mask>. An argumentative old soldier, Pedro Merino Manrique was chosen as camp master. Manrique caused disputes before the fleet had even departed. The four ships, San Gerónimo (the Capitana), the Santa Ysabel (the Almiranta), the smaller frigate Santa Catalina and the galiot San Felipe left Callao on 9 April 1595.Spirits were high in the first month, fifteen marriages being celebrated. Mendaña had Queirós prepare charts for his Captains that only showed Peru and the Solomon Islands. On 21 July 1595 the ships reached the Marquesas Islands, (named for the wife of the then viceroy of Peru, García Hurtado <mask>, 5th Marquis of Cañete) to be met by four hundred people in canoes. Although the Spaniards admired their “graceful shape” and “almost white” complexion, the relationship with the natives later deteriorated. When the expedition left two weeks later, Queirós estimated 200 Marquesans had been killed. Despite Mendaña's confidence that the Solomon Islands were nearby, it was not until 8 September that they sighted land again, this time the island of Nendo, which they named "Santa Cruz". The Santa Ysabel had disappeared, however, and despite searches by the two smaller vessels, it could not be found.Arriving at what is now Graciosa Bay, a settlement was commenced. Relations with local islanders and their chief Malope started well, with food provided and assistance in constructing buildings. However, morale amongst the Spanish was low and sickness (almost certainly malaria) was rife. Manrique was murdered at the orders of, and in front of Mendaña, and shortly afterwards, Malope was killed by soldiers. Relations with the Islanders soon worsened. Wracked by internal divisions and an increasing death toll, the settlement began to fall apart. Mendaña himself died on 18 October 1595, leaving his wife as heir and governor, her brother Lorenzo as captain-general.On 30 October, the decision was made to abandon the settlement. When the three ships departed on 18 November 1595, forty-seven people had died in the space of one month. <mask> <mask> is credited with bringing the San Gerónimo safely into the Philippines without the aid of charts, arriving in Manila Bay on 11 February 1596. Over fifty people died on the twelve-week voyage from Santa Cruz, in part due to the lack of food supplies and allegedly Doña Isabel’s refusal to share out her private store of food and water. The frigate (carrying Mendaña's body) disappeared during the voyage, while the galiot San Felipe arrived in the southern end of Mindanao several days later. Aftermath

Of the 378 who sailed from Peru, about 100 survived, but ten more died shortly after arriving in Manila. Doña Isabel Barreto was honoured in Manila and Queirós was commended for his service and absolved of any responsibility for the killings on Santa Cruz.Three months later Doña Isabel married the governor's cousin. She continued to agitate for a return to the Solomon Islands. She died in 1612. Back in Peru in June 1597, Queirós began his campaign to return to the Solomon Islands, leading the next Spanish venture in 1605. This expedition was also unsuccessful, but it led to the discovery of the Pitcairn Islands and Vanuatu which were explored, and briefly settled in the case of Espiritu Santo. Queirós visited the Solomons in 1606, but was unable to establish a settlement. The Solomons were not again visited by outsiders until 1767, when Philip Carteret sighted Santa Cruz and Malaita islands.The story of the voyage is told in The Islands of Unwisdom, a historical novel by Robert Graves. See also
 <mask> <mask>ós

References

Further reading

External links
The First Discovery of Australia and New Guinea by George Collingridge, Chapter IX
 Discoverer’s Website project

1542 births
1595 deaths
People from El Bierzo
Spanish explorers
Spanish explorers of the Pacific
Spanish navigators
16th-century explorers
16th-century Spanish people
People of New Spain
Spanish East Indies
History of the Marquesas Islands
History of the Solomon Islands
History of Tuvalu
Spanish exploration in the Age of Discovery
Solomon Islands–Spain relations

masks:
Álvaro de Mendaña y Neira
Lope García de Castro
Brett Hilder
Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa
Sarmiento de Gamboa
Lope García de Castro
de Gamboa
Álvaro
de Mendaña
de Neira
de G
Mendaña
Pedro Fernandes
de Queirós
” Mendaña
Pedro Fernandes
de Queirós
de Mendoza
Pedro Fernandes
de Queirós
Pedro Fernandes
de Queir


texts:
<mask> ( born 1947) is a Tibetan politician and a former Prime Minister (Kalon Tripa) of Central Tibetan Administration. Naming practice

Traditionally, ordinary Tibetan people carry a first personal name and may or may not carry a second personal name, but does have a family name which is known as Tethong. <mask>ong is a special case where he is of aristocratic descent from the area called Tashi Thongmon, which is abbreviated as Te-Thong. When a person carries a family name, it should come in the very beginning. When the names are translated into English, they have adopted European grammatical practice of placing the family name at the end. Early life

<mask> started his exile life when he accompanied his family to Mussoorie in 1959 where the Dalai Lama, months after his arrival from Tibet, had started a school. His father was a teacher, and because of a shortage of anyone with knowledge of languages other than Tibetan, <mask> and his older brother helped out in many ways.In 1960 when the first children from the road camps and border areas came to Mussoorie he was a part-time English teacher for young children his age and also their fellow student in the next Tibetan class. The following year he went to Shimla where his father was appointed the Principal of the second Tibetan refugee school. In 1962 his family moved back to Darjeeling where he completed his high school education at Mt. Hermon School graduating with a First Division as a Science Student. Public Service career

<mask> <mask> began his public service career in 1967. 1967–1968:  Secretary and translator for the Department of Education
  1973–1986: Representative of the Dalai Lama in New York
  1980: Headed the Second Delegation of Tibetans to Tibet and China
  1987–1990: Special Representative of the Dalai Lama in Washington DC
  1990: One of the first Kalons elected
  1990–1995: Served as Kalon Tripa (Chief of Cabinet) and Kalon of various portfolios such as Departments of Finance, Home and Information & International Relations
  2013–present  Appointed Director of Tibetan language section of the Radio Free Asia. Social entrepreneurial and political initiatives
 1968: With his brother <mask> Geyche and friend Sonam Topgyal, <mask> Tethong started Sheja, the first educational publication in exile, the first Tibetan Non-Governmental initiative.Sheja became a successful and popular publication. While still working with Sheja, <mask> <mask> also edited and published the Tibetan Review from January–June 1972 with Tamdin D. Gyalpo as Executive Editor. Both publications became part of the information office of the Tibetan government in exile in 1971. 1970: He was one of the four convenors of the first Tibetan youth conference in Dharmsala, along with <mask> Geyche, Sonam Topgyal, Gyari Rinpoche. This conference resulted in the formation of the Tibetan Youth Congress. He served on its first leadership executive committee. Since then the Tibetan Youth Congress has become one of the most important Tibetan organizations in exile and has a worldwide membership of some 30,000.1973–1986: He was also instrumental in the formation of several Tibetan initiatives in North America such US Tibet Committee, Tibetan Associations across the US, and Tibet House. At this time he also worked with Congressmen Charlie Rose and other senior staff in the US government to secure the first visit of the Dalai Lama to the United States in 1979. 1987: During the Dalai Lama’s visit to Washington, when he gave his Five Point Peace plan at the Congressional Human Rights Caucus, he was instructed to stay behind and keep up with the support and interest many members of Congress had for Tibet. As the Special Representative of the Dalai Lama in Washington DC, he would not have been able to achieve much with the limited resources of the Tibetan government. So he took the initiative to establish the International Campaign for Tibet (ICT) as a way to be able to have a real presence which works to promote human rights and democratic freedoms for the people of Tibet while working with the US Government and the European Parliament. 1987–1990: With the help of dedicated staffers and US Congressional Representatives who support Tibet, he helped to initiate and played a critical role in securing the first 1,000 visas for Tibetans to immigrate the United States, Fulbright scholarship program support for Tibetan students and the creation of Voice of America’s Tibetan language service. 1995: He resigned from government service for personal reasons and moved to the United States.That year, he became the Principal Advisor to the film Seven Years in Tibet and helped the Screenplay writer and the Director with the contents of the story, and advised on the artistic aspects of the film production adding greatly to the authenticity of the Tibetan scenes, dialogue, body language and the overall story of Tibet as depicted in the film. 1996: He was invited as a Visiting Scholar to teach in the History Department of Stanford University. He taught a course in Tibetan history and contemporary politics, and since was followed by teaching sessions for the Stanford University summer session and Continuing Studies programs. He is a Distinguished Fellow of the Tibetan Studies Initiative and Chair of the Tibetan Studies Committee working to establish research and teaching positions at Stanford University. He also worked actively with Stanford scientists and scholars to organize two visits by the Dalai Lama which became important dialogues between Buddhism and Science. These dialogues and subsequent conferences resulted in the establishment of CCARE, Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education. These efforts further the work of the Dalai Lama who has been encouraged scientists to work closely with Buddhist experts and practitioners whose knowledge of the mind and consciousness may have valuable contributions to make to science and society.<mask> is a member of the Executive Committee of CCARE along with Geshe Thupten JInpa, another important member who visits Stanford regularly. 2002: <mask> <mask> was one of the key founding members of The Dalai Lama Foundation, established by students and friends of the Dalai Lama. The founding members decided to work on the Dalai Lama's message of ethics and peace as outlined in his book Ethics for the New Millennium. The DLF started with an initial study guide of  "Ethics for the New Millennium" which has been translated into French, Chinese, Portuguese, German, Spanish, Japanese and Hebrew and it has resulted in hundreds of Study Circles all over the world. The guide has also been downloaded over 30,000 times. Other online courses and educational materials related to peace are available at the foundation website. The Dalai Lama Foundation also works to develop close relations with other organizations that are engaged in the Dalai Lama's work for peace in the world, and collaborates with a number of organizations bearing the Dalai Lama's name; The Foundation for Universal Responsibility of the Dalai Lama in New Delhi, The Dalai Lama Center for Peace Education in Vancouver, Canada, and The Dalai Lama Center for Ethics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston.Current roles

Currently, <mask> <mask>, a Distinguished Fellow at the Tibetan Studies Initiative, Stanford University (a program he played a key role in establishing) is the President of the Dalai Lama Foundation, and Board Chair of the Committee of 100 for Tibet. In addition to serving as an advisor to the local Tibetan Community Center project, he is co-founder of the Missing Peace art exhibit and recently launched "Tibet in Exile-Fifty Years", an online documentation effort to commemorate the last fifty years in exile of the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan people. References

 TNT Campaign for Kalon Tripa
 Youth for TNT

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Tibetan politicians
Representatives of Offices of Tibet
Prime Ministers of Tibet
Foreign ministers of Tibet

masks:
Tethong Tenzin Namgyal
Tenzin Namgyal Teth
Tenzin Tethong
Tenzin Tethong
Tenzin
N Tethong
Tenzin
Tenzin
Tenzin
Tethong
Tenzin
Tethong
Tenzin
Tethong
Tenzin
Tethong


texts:
<mask> (; born <mask>; 29 November 1862 – 30 June 1934) was a German right-wing politician, active in the state of Bavaria. He helped turn post World War I Bavaria into Germany's center of radical-nationalism, but was then instrumental in the collapse and suppression of Adolf Hitler's Beer Hall Putsch in 1923. In revenge for the latter, he was murdered later in the 1934 Night of the Long Knives. Biography
Born in Weißenburg in Bayern, <mask> studied law and worked as a lawyer before entering politics. He served Bavaria's House of Wittelsbach faithfully, efforts that earned him the title <mask>. Politically, he was a monarchist and had links to the Catholic Bavarian People's Party (BVP), though he was a Protestant and never joined any party. In 1917, he became head of the Regierungsbezirk (provincial) government of Upper Bavaria, continuing in the post even after the establishment of the People's State of Bavaria in November 1918 ended the Wittelsbach monarchy, though for pragmatic reasons: he wanted to help defend middle- and upper-class interests from further disruption.In support of this goal, <mask> proposed the creation of a civil defence force, but his suggestion did not meet with the approval of Prime Minister Johannes Hoffmann. Not long after, in April 1919, the Bavarian Soviet Republic was proclaimed. <mask> fled Munich with Hoffmann and the rest of the state government to Bamberg, where they called for volunteers to help crush the Soviets. Those who responded were organised into Freikorps. It was after the suppression of the Bavarian Soviet Republic at the beginning of May, which saw hundreds of civilians murdered by Freikorps fighters, that <mask> delved into Bavarian paramilitary politics. Munich's leaders wanted to maintain the capabilities of the Freikorps, but without their drawbacks. In brief, the Freikorps were too violent, too small, and too independent of the Bavarian state.The Civil Guards, or Einwohnerwehr, was formed in an attempt to resolve these deficiencies. In March 1920, <mask> succeeded Hoffmann as prime minister of Bavaria. He came into office under military influences as a secondary result of the Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch of 13 March in Berlin. The most powerful party in Bavaria, the BVP, was then in a state of much anxiety as a result of the experiences of Bolshevism, chaos, and violence through which Munich had passed in the spring of 1919. The ministry presided over by the socialist Hoffmann had succeeded in quelling Bolshevism with the aid of Republican troops from Prussia and Württemberg, but the great majority of the BVP, as well as liberals of various shades, not to speak of the monarchists and reactionaries, wanted further guarantees against a recurrence of the Bolshevist terror. The Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch in Berlin gave the signal for political action in Munich, and at a midnight sitting the Bavarian socialist ministry was somewhat unceremoniously hustled out of office — it is alleged under military pressure — and a coalition cabinet under <mask> installed. The coalition included reactionaries whose influence became more and more predominant.They were backed up by formerly liberal Bavarian journals which had been bought up by Prussian industrialists. <mask>'s administration was essential in turning Bavaria into a "Ordnungszelle" (cell of order), giving room for all kinds of right-wing groups. He also supported separatist forces that aimed at Bavarian secession from Germany, but after the German government passed a decree for the protection of the Republic against right-wing extremists, <mask> resigned on 21 September 1921. On 26 September 1923, following a period of turmoil with assassinations and political violence, Prime Minister Eugen <mask> declared martial law and appointed <mask>, who had returned to his provincial post, as Staatskomissar (state commissioner) with dictatorial powers. Together with Bavarian State Police head Colonel <mask> <mask>, and Reichswehr General <mask> Lossow, he formed a triumvirate. That year, many reactionary groups wanted to emulate Mussolini's "March on Rome" with a "March on Berlin." Among these were the wartime General Erich Ludendorff and the Nazi (NSDAP) group, led by Adolf Hitler.Hitler decided to use Ludendorff as a figurehead in an attempt to seize power in what was later known as the "Hitler Putsch" or Beer Hall Putsch. Hitler and Ludendorff sought the support of <mask> and his triumvirate. However, <mask> had his own plan with Seisser (Seißer) and Lossow to install a nationalist dictatorship without Hitler. <mask> warned the "patriotic associations" against independent action. Despite his misgivings over Hitler's tactics, <mask> was every bit a right-wing patriot who stood against the Weimar government and believed action against those in Berlin was warranted. Akin to the later and infamous rhetoric of Hitler, <mask> remarked to an assembly of high-ranking officers on 19 October 1923 that the real matter at hand was "a great battle of two worldviews which will decide the destiny of the German people – the international Marxist-Jewish and the national Germanic." Along this line, <mask> was not unlike many conservative Germans and his identification of perceived foreign threats is a defining feature of post-1918 German ideology; against which, it was widely believed, Germans had to make a stand.Accordingly, <mask> and his right-wing compatriots wanted to challenge the seeming cowardice of the extant government of Germany and eventually seize control since he found the Weimar Constitution and its leadership decidedly un-German in disposition. Weighing on <mask>'s mind however, were injunctions from Berlin against reactionary activities. All the rage amid right-wing groups in Bavaria against the resumption of war-reparation payments did not temper the determination of the government in Berlin. The Weimar leadership's staunch warnings against revolutionary activities included military intervention if necessary. Troops under the command of General <mask>t (who was previously identified among the right-wing circles as a possible choice for dictator) were poised and positioned for action. Stern warnings were reiterated by General <mask>t, prompting the triumvirate of <mask>, Lossow, and Seisser to lose heart, at which point they informed the members of Kampfbund, (which was headed by Hitler) that they would determine when precipitate action would be taken. This did not sit well with Hitler.Hitler was determined to act before the appeal of his agitation waned. On 8 November 1923, Hitler and the SA stormed a public meeting of 3,000 people that had been organized by <mask> in the Bürgerbräukeller, a large beer hall in Munich. Hitler interrupted <mask>'s speech and announced that the national revolution had begun, declaring the formation of a new government with Ludendorff. While waving his gun around, Hitler demanded the support of <mask>, Seisser, and Lossow. Hitler's forces initially succeeded at occupying the local Reichswehr and police headquarters; however, neither the army nor the state police joined forces with Hitler. <mask>, Seisser, and Lossow were briefly detained but then released. The three quickly fled to join the opposition to Hitler.During the night, and unknown to Hitler, they prepared the resistance against the coup. The following day, Hitler and his followers marched from the beer hall to the Bavarian War Ministry to overthrow the Bavarian government as a prelude to their "March on Berlin", but the police dispersed them. Sixteen NSDAP members and four police officers were killed in the failed coup. <mask>'s involvement in the collapse of Hitler's putsch cost him the support of right-wing nationalist forces in Bavaria. <mask> was forced to resign from his post as Staatskommissar on 16 February 1924, after Reichskanzler Wilhelm Marx had secretly met <mask> on 18 January 1924 and convinced him to drop both <mask> and <mask>. After this, <mask> served as President of the Bavarian law court for reviewing administrative acts and then, having sunk into relative obscurity, retired from public service three years later. Death
On 30 June  1934, during what became known as the Night of the Long Knives, <mask> was murdered by the Nazis for his "treason" during the Beer Hall Putsch.He was abducted from his Munich apartment and tortured by two SS members en route to the Dachau concentration camp. After his arrival there, <mask> was shot on orders of Theodor Eicke, the camp commandant. Historian Thomas Childers reports that <mask> was taken to a nearby swamp and hacked to death with axes. Whether he was shot first is unknown, but his mutilated body was found outside the camp a few days later. The murder was likely committed by . References

Bibliography

 Deuerlein, Ernst. Der Hitler Putsch: Bayerische Dokumente zum 8./.9 November 1923.Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1962. Fest, Joachim C. Hitler. Orlando, FL. : Harcourt, 2002. Fischer, Klaus. Nazi Germany: A New History. New York: Continuum, 1995.Hanser, Richard. Putsch! How Hitler Made Revolution. Philadelphia: David McKay Co., 1970. Kershaw, Ian. Hitler: A Biography. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2008.Shirer, William L. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: Ballantine Books, 1988. Smith Woodruff  D. The Ideological Origins of Nazi Imperialism. New York and London: Oxford University Press, 1989. External links

 <mask>'s bio  at Deutsche Biographie (German)
Picture of <mask> <mask> at Historisches Lexikon Bayerns
 <mask>'s bio  at the Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin (German)

1862 births
1934 deaths
Axe murder
Bavarian nobility
People from Weißenburg in Bayern
People from the Kingdom of Bavaria
German Protestants
Opposers who participated in the Beer Hall Putsch
Military personnel of Bavaria
Ministers-President of Bavaria
Victims of the Night of the Long Knives
German monarchists
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
People from Bavaria executed by Nazi Germany
German people who died in Dachau concentration camp
German people executed in Nazi concentration camps

masks:
Gustav Ritter von Kahr
Gustav Kahr
Kahr
Ritter
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
von Knilling
Kahr
Hans Ritter
von Seisser
Otto von
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
von Seeck
von Seeck
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
von Knilling
von Kahr
von Lossow
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Kahr
Gustav Ritter
von Kahr
Kahr


texts:
<mask> is an American professor of Korean Literature and a noted translator of contemporary Korean fiction with an extensive list of publications. He has lived in U.S, Canada and Korea, and is married to translator <mask>. <mask> received his BA in philosophy from Bowdoin College in 1970, his master's degree in Korea Regional Studies, from the University of Washington in 1983, and his Ph.D. in Modern Korean Literature from Seoul National University. <mask> and his wife met at Seoul National University in 1978, while <mask> was volunteering in the Peace Corps. They married in 1979 and eventually realized that together they were  "the ideal translation team," as <mask> was a native speaker of English who knew Korean, and Ju-Chan was a native speaker of Korean who knew English. <mask> is the inaugural holder of the Young-Bin Min Chair in Korean Literature and Literary Translation in the Department of Asian Studies, University of British Columbia. <mask> has also won several awards, including Korea's Daesan Foundation's translation prize.The 2018 Manhae Literature Grand Prize awardee. Work
<mask> has translated novels, such as Cho Se-hui’s The Dwarf, and collections including Land of Exile, The Red Room and Lost Souls: Stories by Hwang Sunwon. One of <mask>'s more recent translation is River of Fire and Other Stories by O Chonghui  which contains nine stories, written from 1968 to 1994, describing family dysfunction, the decline of tradition, and lost love from a woman's perspective. Recently, he has translated The Future of Silence, which uses some stories by older writers and stories by newer writers such as Kim Sagwa, Han Yujoo, Kim Ae-ran, and Cheon Un-yeong. His most recent translation is The Human Jungle by Cho Chongnae. In this role as translator, <mask> is quick to note that he almost always works in partnership with his wife Ju-Chan <mask>. As a professor, <mask> works in the Department of Asian Studies at the University of British Columbia where he teaches modern Korean literature, and researches modern Korean fiction and its translation.Translations (with Ju-Chan <mask> unless otherwise indicated)
 One Left, by Kim Sum (Seattle: University of Washington Press, fall 2020)
 The Catcher in the Loft, by Ch’ŏn Un-yŏng (New Paltz, N.Y.: Codhill Press, 2019)
 Mina, by Kim Sagwa (San Francisco: Two Lines Press, 2018)
 Sunset: A Ch’ae Manshik Reader (ed. and trans. with Ju-Chan <mask>; New York: Columbia University Press, 2017)
 Moss (Ikki): graphic novel by Yun T'aeho (translation available at The Huffington Post. The Human Jungle, by Cho Chŏngnae (Seattle: Chin Music Press, 2016)
 The Moving Fortress, by Hwang Sun-wŏn, revised edition (Portland, Me. : MerwinAsia, 2016)
 The Future of Silence: Fiction by Korean Women (Brookline, Mass. : Zephyr Press, 2016)
 Another Man's City, by Ch’oe In-ho (Champaign, Ill.: Dalkey Archive, 2014)
 River of Fire and Other Stories, by O Chŏnghŭi (New York: Columbia University Press, 2012)
 How in Heaven's Name, by Cho Chŏngnae (Portland, Me. : MerwinAsia, 2012)
 Lost Souls: Stories by Hwang Sunwŏn (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009)
 The Red Room: Stories of Trauma in Contemporary Korea (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2009)
 There a Petal Silently Falls: Three Stories by Ch’oe Yun ("Whisper Yet" trans.with Kichung Kim; New York: Columbia University Press, 2008)
 Land of Exile: Contemporary Korean Fiction, revised and expanded edition (trans. with Marshall R. Pihl; Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 2007)
 The Dwarf, by Cho Se-hŭi (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2006)
 Trees on a Slope, by Hwang Sun-wôn (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2005)
 A Ready-Made Life: Early Masters of Modern Korean Fiction (trans. With Kim Chong-un; Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1998)
 Wayfarer: New Fiction by Korean Women (Seattle: Women in Translation, 1997)
 Land of Exile: Contemporary Korean Fiction (trans. with Marshall R. Pihl; Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 1993)
 Words of Farewell: Stories by Korean Women Writers (Seattle: Seal Press, 1989)
 The Moving Castle, by Hwang Sun-wŏn (Seoul: Si-sa-yong-o-sa, 1985)
 Debasement and Other Stories, by Sŏng Ki-jo (New York, Fremont Publishers, 1983)
 Juvesenility, by Ch’ae Manshik, Bi-lingual Edition (Seoul: Asia Publishers, 2015)
 Leaves of Grass, by Yi Hyo-sŏk, Bi-lingual Edition (Seoul: Asia Publishers, 2015)
 An Idiot's Delight, by Yi T'ae-jun (trans. with Kim Chong-un), Bi-lingual Edition (Seoul: Asia Publishers, 2015)
 Mama and the Boarder, by Chu Yo-sŏp (trans.56–62
 "Crows," by Yi T'ae-jun, in Reunion So Far Away: A Collection of Contemporary Korean Fiction (Seoul: Korean National Commission for Unesco, 1994), pp. 5–21

Edited Volumes
 Modern Korean Fiction: An Anthology, with Youngmin Kwon (New York: Columbia University Press, 2005)
 Waxen Wings: The Acta Koreana Anthology of Short Fiction From Korea (St. Paul, Minn.: Koryo Press, 2011)

Textbook
 What Is Korean Literature? with Youngmin Kwon, (Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California Berkeley, 2020)

References

  10. ^ "Interview with An Interview with Ju-Chan and <mask>, for the translation of Kim Tae-yong’s “Pig on Grass” selected for publication in the Massachusetts Review and then for winning the 4th Annual Chametzky Prize for Translation!" April 7, 2015, https://www.massreview.org/node/437

External links
  Interview
 Audio interview with <mask> (transcript included)
 An interview with <mask> on Notebook on Cities and Culture
 Podcast

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American literary theorists
American translators
University of Washington alumni
Bowdoin College alumni

masks:
Bruce Fulton
Ju Chan Fulton
Life Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Bruce
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Bruce Fulton
Bruce Fulton
Bruce Fulton


texts:
<mask> (born 1949) is an American musician and business executive who served as Secretary of Administration and Finance in Massachusetts Governor Romney's cabinet (January 2003 – October 2005), and as assistant A&F secretary under Governor William Weld (January 1991 – February 1993). <mask> is currently the Entrepreneur in Residence at the University of Miami. In 1976, <mask> produced and performed on Mike Bloomfield's If You Love These Blues, Play 'Em As You Please, nominated for a Grammy Award. He launched the instructional book and record division of Guitar Player Magazine and also co-founded Inner City Records, voted the Record Label of the Year in the 1979 International Jazz Critics Poll. In 1984, <mask> helped launch Bain Capital, which now manages over $65 billion in assets. He was
CEO of MediQual Systems (1993–98), a healthcare information company, and founder/CEO of MediVision (1983–1989), a network of eye surgery centers. Municipal Turnarounds
On September 11, 1991, the Massachusetts state legislature approved Governor William Weld's emergency request to appoint a state receiver to take over the City of Chelsea's bankrupt municipal government, the first state-designed municipal receivership in U.S. history.Weld named Jim Carlin, a businessman and former state Secretary of Transportation, to become the Chelsea receiver, reporting to <mask>, who, as the assistant Administration and Finance secretary, had drafted the Chelsea legislation. Chelsea, directly across the Mystic River from Boston, had long been in economic decline with a spiraling fiscal crisis. Carlin and Kriss immediately undertook a broad municipal turnaround, with a focus on labor negotiations with the local Firefighters union. Boston University, already involved in local education, took over school administration. Within two years, Chelsea's budget was balanced, a restructured firefighters contract was negotiated, city operations were streamlined, and new school construction was underway. As the Receivership achieved stability, a charter change in 1995 implemented a new efficient council-manager form of government. Increased emphasis on economic development and capital improvement led to an influx of new business, and, as the turnaround reached maturity in 1998, Chelsea was named an All-American City by the National Civic League.In 2004, Springfield, the third largest city in Massachusetts and long suffering from economic decline, requested extraordinary state assistance to meet its financial obligations. <mask>, now Secretary for Administration and Finance, drafted a new receivership bill, modeled after his 1991 Chelsea legislation, that expanded upon the receiver's powers by suspending Chapter 150E, a key law that enfranchised public sector unions and defined the collective bargaining process in Massachusetts. After heated debate and intensive lobbying by public labor unions, the legislature placed Springfield into a state receivership controlled by Secretary <mask> on June 30, 2004, but without the proposed suspension of the Chapter 150E labor law. Without the Chapter 150E suspension, the state receivership entered into a long collective bargaining process with the teachers' union. In September 2006 agreement was finally reached on a new contract that included merit pay, the first time that student performance was explicitly tied to teacher compensation in a large urban school district in Massachusetts. The Springfield receivership, as in the earlier Chelsea experience, balanced the municipal budget, streamlined operations, and earned an upgrade in the city's bond rating. On June 30, 2009, the receivership returned governance of the city to local officials.In February 2004, Kriss advocated the elimination of the monopoly granted to public sector unions through state laws such as Chapter 150E in Massachusetts. These remarks, plus the controversy over the original Kriss draft of the Springfield receivership legislation that suspended Chapter 150E, motivated Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government to host a debate between Secretary Kriss and two labor union supporters, Economics Professor Richard B. Freeman, co-faculty director of the Harvard University Trade Union Program, and Jack Donahue, a Kennedy School lecturer and director of the Weil Program in Collaborative Governance. The threat of escalating municipal labor costs due to Chapter 150E led Secretary Kriss to introduce the concept of Municipal Stability Factors as an online assessment tool for local officials. When he left office in September 2005, Kriss warned that overly generous contracts with public employees, together with a failure to control employee healthcare costs and an aversion to development that could spur new tax revenue, have doomed cities and towns to a dark financial future. "This is a quiet crisis, a crisis of attrition. It's not a Katrina, but if we extrapolate over the next couple of years, it will get worse and worse and worse." Open Formats
In early 2005, <mask>, along with state CIO Peter J. Quinn, advocated using open formats in public records: "It is an overriding imperative of the American democratic system that we cannot have our public documents locked up in some kind of proprietary format, perhaps unreadable in the future, or subject to a proprietary system license that restricts access."At a September 16, 2005 meeting with the Mass Technology Leadership Council Kriss raised state sovereignty as the overriding issue surrounding public records. While supporting the principle of private intellectual property rights, he said sovereignty trumped any private company's attempt to control the state's public records through claims of intellectual property. Subsequently, in September 2005, Massachusetts became the first state to formally endorse OpenDocument formats for its public records and, at the same time, reject proprietary formats such those used in Microsoft's Office software suite. Massachusetts Turnpike
In August 2006, Governor Romney and the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority board asked <mask> to lead a comprehensive review of the Turnpike following the ouster of Chairman Matthew J. Amorello and the collapse of a portion of the roof of the Ted Williams Tunnel. On October 19, 2006, <mask> recommended to the board that all tolls, except on airport tunnels, be eliminated. The board then voted to remove tolls west of the 128 toll plaza by June 30, 2007, the first step in dismantling the Authority's original mission begun in 1952. In June 2009, Governor Deval Patrick signed legislation to formally end the Turnpike as a stand-alone authority on November 1, 2009.See also
 Adoption of Open Document format in Massachusetts
 Bain & Company (consulting firm)
 Bain Capital
 Springfield Finance Control Board

Notes

External links
Music and Performing Arts
 On Performance by <mask>s: Collected performing arts criticism and interviews from the 1970s - Fair Isle Press, 2010 paperback edition
 Six Blues-Roots Pianists by <mask> - Oak Publications, 1973*
 Barrelhouse & Boogie Piano by <mask> - Oak Publications, 1973
 Beginning Blues Piano by <mask> - Acorn Music Press, 1977

Business
 Eric Kriss Practicum series at University of Miami, 2010
 Index of INC Magazine articles, interviews, and commentary
 How to Survive the End of Inflation (<mask>) - INC Magazine, January 1993
 So You Want to be a CEO? (<mask>) - INC Magazine, October 1998
 Inevitable Electrics (<mask>s) - 2008 white paper

Government
 No More Public Sector Union Monopoly (<mask>) - CommonWealth Magazine, Summer 2004
 Fourth Branch of Government (<mask>s) - February 2004
 Open Mind on Open Source (<mask> presentation) - June 2004
 Executive and Management Compensation report - November 2004
 Budget Imbalance (<mask>) - CommonWealth Magazine, Winter 2004
 Kriss Report to Massachusetts Turnpike Authority board, October 2006
 ODF vs. OOXML: War of the Words - <mask>, Peter Quinn and the ETRM, December 2007

Private equity and venture capital investors
1949 births
Living people
Amherst College alumni
Bain Capital people
Massachusetts Secretaries of Administration and Finance
Bain & Company
American company founders
University of Chicago Booth School of Business alumni
American chief executives

masks:
Eric Arthur Kriss
Kriss
Kriss
Kriss
Eric Kriss
Kriss
Kriss
Kriss
Kriss
Kriss
Eric Kris
Eric Kriss
Eric Kriss
Eric Kriss
Eric Kriss
Eric Kriss
Eric Kris
Eric Kriss
Eric Kris
Eric Kriss
Eric Kriss
Eric Kriss


texts:
<mask> (née Greenhow; 20 July 1821 – 9 March 1892) was an Englishwoman of the Victorian era who worked to open up educational opportunities for women. She married into the politically active <mask> family of Leeds, where she co-founded Leeds Girls' High School in 1876 and was the Leeds representative of the North of England Council for Promoting the Higher Education of Women. Early life
<mask> was born <mask> on 20 July 1821, into a medical family in Newcastle upon Tyne. Her father, Thomas Michael Greenhow, co-founded the city's Eye Infirmary, with Sir John Fife, and then Newcastle University Medical School. He worked at Newcastle Infirmary, renamed the Royal Victoria Infirmary, for many years and was instrumental in its expansion in the 1850s. Her mother, Elizabeth, was born into the Martineau family, an intellectual, business, and political dynasty. Many of her relatives  were nationally prominent as Unitarians, a branch of English Dissenters; a main hall of the post-Blitz rebuilding of Essex Hall – the national headquarters for British Unitarians – was  named  after them.Elizabeth grew up in Norwich, attending the Octagon Chapel. Her siblings included James, the religious philosopher and professor at Manchester New College (known  today as Harris Manchester College, Oxford University); Harriet, the social theorist and Whig writer, often cited as the first female sociologist; and Robert, Mayor of Birmingham. Thomas and Elizabeth Greenhow lived in Newcastle's fashionable Old Eldon Square. The couple had several children; <mask> and at least two boys. Henry Martineau Greenhow (1829–1912) followed his father into medicine. He joined the Indian Medical Service and spent his career in British India, rising to surgeon major. His garrison withstood the Siege of Lucknow, a key part of the Indian Rebellion of 1857.Another brother, William Thomas Greenhow (1831–1921) became a judge. The siblings' first cousin Edward Headlam Greenhow was a physician-academic, who made his mark in epidemiology and public health. <mask> was educated at her aunt Rachel Martineau's school and remained close to Rachel's sister Harriet in adulthood. The Unitarian ethos of liberalism and service to society stayed with her throughout her life. Marriage and children

In 1847 <mask> married <mask> (1813–1884), a member of a prosperous and politically active cloth manufacturing family in Leeds. In addition to his business interests, he was one of the founders of the Yorkshire College of Science in 1874, which became part of the federal Victoria University, and from 1904 the University of Leeds. The <mask>s were Unitarians who worshipped at Mill Hill Chapel on Leeds City Square, where a stained glass window commemorates them.<mask> married into a family of activists. Her husband's younger brother, <mask>, was president
and later vice-president of Manchester New College, the training college for ministers where <mask>'s uncle taught. He was an anti-slavery campaigner and a Liberal who sat on the executive of the National Reform Union. He sat on the committee for the National Society for Women's Suffrage. The brothers' cousin Jane married the minister at Mill Hill, Charles Wicksteed, an educational reformer. He co-founded the Leeds Education Society,<ref>{{cite book|page= 231 |title=A History of Modern Leeds |first=Derek|last= Fraser|publisher= Manchester University Press|year= 1980}}</ref> a precursor to the National Education League. Francis and <mask> lived just outside the rapidly industrialising city at Potternewton Hall, later moving to Beechwood, a Georgian country house in Roundhay.Francis had farms at Beechwood and worked as a director of the family wool manufacturing firm until he died suddenly at the age of 70 in 1884. The <mask>s had five sons, Francis Martineau, Arthur, Herbert (who died young), Charles, and Hugh. When her brother's wife died, she took in their daughter Mabel Greenhow to raise alongside her own children; Mabel grew up to write as Mrs Murray Hickson. Her four surviving sons contributed to the civic life of Leeds; two became Lord Mayor of Leeds. Through Olive Middleton (1881-1936), the eldest child of her eldest child Francis Martineau (1848-1921), <mask> is the great-great-great-grandmother of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. Female education reform

Context
Secular education of women became a more pressing issue by the mid-19th century. Girls' schools, including small boarding establishments, had existed for generations (for example Mary Wollstonecraft's school in Newington Green in the 1780s, with ties to Newington Green Unitarian Church and the Newington Academy for Girls, set up by Quakers in 1824), but a new impetus was given by the founding of colleges offering single-sex education to young women.Queen's College, London opened in London in 1848 to provide qualifications for governesses. The first girls' schools targeted at university entrance were North London Collegiate School (from 1850) and Cheltenham Ladies' College (from the appointment of Dorothea Beale in 1858). Emily Davies campaigned for women's higher education in the 1860s, and founded Girton in 1869, and Anne Clough founded Newnham in 1871 – both of these colleges were affiliated with but not entirely accepted by the University of Cambridge. <mask>'s aunt Harriet Martineau paid a visit to the United States in 1834, one of her areas of interest was the emerging girls' schools. In Society in America (1837), the sociologist criticised the state of female education:
"The intellect of women is confined by an unjustifiable restriction of ... education ... As women have none of the objects in life for which an enlarged education is considered requisite, the education is not given ... The choice is to either be ill-educated, passive, and subservient, or well-educated, vigorous, and free only upon sufferance." <mask>'s impact

<mask>'s entry in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' describes her pioneering work in expanding the opportunities for female education.In 1871 <mask> became Honorary Secretary to the Ladies' Honorary Council of the Yorkshire Board of Education, which was just six years old. She was "the powerful driving force of the organization" and also that of the Leeds Ladies' Educational Association. One of her first successes was setting up a students' library. Soon, the committees had arranged to superintend the first Cambridge Local Examination for women in Leeds. The most pressing need was for better all-round education for girls, equivalent to what boys received at traditional grammar schools. Established interests prevented the use of existing charitable funds, despite the passage of the Endowed Schools Act 1869, so <mask> led a meeting between the Leeds Association and the Ladies Council to create a new way forward – a joint-stock company. Her business acumen led to the establishment of Leeds Girls' High School in 1876.<mask> and the Ladies Council also saw the need for the dissemination of practical information on traditionally female subjects such as health and nursing. They launched a cookery school in 1874, having requested but not received help from civil servant Sir Henry Cole. In the following decade, the Yorkshire Training School of Cookery developed teacher training courses at the request of the school boards – eventually this formed a component of Leeds Metropolitan University. In the early 1870s,  <mask> invited England's leading educationalists: Anne Clough, principal of Newnham College Cambridge University,  Meta Gaskell and Professor Sir John  Seely of Christ's College, Cambridge to her home, Beechwood. By 1872, <mask> represented  NECPHEW's Leeds Ladies' Educational Association on the North of England Council for Promoting the Higher Education of Women (NECPHEW). As a council member, she also belonged to the Education for Girls Committee of the Royal Society of Arts which, from 1871, had aligned itself with the aims of NECPHEW. <mask>, Mrs Henry Currer Briggs and Mrs F.W.Kitson established the Leeds branch of the Association for the Care and Protection of Friendless Girls in 1885 which was also supported by members of her family. Death
<mask> died at home at  Beechwood  on 9 March 1892 and is buried at St John's Church in Roundhay. References

1821 births
1892 deaths
English Unitarians
People from Roundhay
Victorian era
History of education in England
19th-century British educators
19th-century English women
19th-century English people
19th-century women educators

masks:
Frances Elizabeth Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Frances Elizabeth Greenhow
Frances
Frances
Frances
Francis Lupton
Lupton
Frances
Joseph Lupton
Frances
Frances
Lupton
Frances Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton
Lupton


texts:
<mask> (; 25 April 1928 – 30 November 2013) was a Soviet and Russian actor. People's Artist of the USSR (1976). Main works

<mask> is best known for his roles in late Soviet film, particularly for his roles in Eldar Ryazanov's and Leonid Gaidai's comedies. <mask>'s most popular comedic roles in Eldar Ryazanov's films are Poruchik Rzhevsky in Hussar Ballad (1962), Ippolit in The Irony of Fate (1976), and comic roles of the tsar Ivan the Terrible and his namesake Ivan Vasilevich Bunsha in Leonid Gaidai's comedy Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future (1973). He also played dramatic roles, such as inimitable complicated psychological role of the Prince Myshkin in The Idiot (1958), and other cinema roles (Dangerous turn, Earthly Love movies). He was the leading artist of the Vakhtangov Theater during its heyday. Life and career

The early years
From a young age he was fond of acting and theatre.At the turn of the 1940s, he studied acting at Shchukin Theatrical School of Vakhtangov Theatre in Moscow starting to work as an actor at Vakhtangov Theatre. Theatrical career
<mask> joined the ensemble of the Vakhtangov Theatre in 1952. He played over seventy roles onstage, including Casanova in Three Ages of Casanova, Duke Bolingbroke in Glass of Water, and Prokofiev in Lessons of Master. Film career
<mask> became really famous as a cinema actor in 1958, after his inimitable complicated psychological role of the Prince Myshkin in The Idiot (1958 film) (the film adaptation of Dostoyevsky’s novel) directed by Ivan Pyryev. He achieved international fame playing the role as Prince Myshkin. <mask> Ryazanov comedy in 1961, in The Man From Nowhere. <mask> followed his first success with regular appearances in Eldar Ryazanov's comedies, most notably splendid film Hussar Ballad in 1962, in which he played phantasmagoric role of Poruchik Rzhevsky.The feature was such a resounding success that Rzhevsky's character gave rise to innumerable Russian jokes. In the 1960s and 1970s, <mask> branched out into further various roles, from the nobleman Stiva Oblonsky in the 1967 adaptation, the classic Soviet movie adaptation of Tolstoy's Anna Karenina, directed by Alexander Zarkhi, to curiously jealous fiancé Ippolit in Ryazanov's The Irony of Fate, 1975. Perhaps his most famous roles were the tsar Ivan the Terrible and his namesake Ivan Vasilevich Bunsha in Leonid Gaidai's 1973 comedy Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future - the movie about the travel using the time machine (based on the play Ivan Vasilievich (play) by Mikhail Bulgakov). Decline in popularity
His participation in two-part film "Love Earth" and "Destiny" - a series of movies about the World War II brought him the USSR State Prize for 1979. His film career effectively came to a halt after the role of the alien Bi in Georgiy Daneliya’s 1986 sci-fi comedy Kin-dza-dza! where he starred alongside Yevgeny Leonov and Stanislav Lyubshin. The last role in Ikno was the role in the film The Irony of Fate 2 (Ирония судьбы.Продолжение) as Ippolit Georgievich. Death
<mask> felt ill in early morning of 29 November 2013. He soon fainted in his home. He was rushed to a Moscow hospital where he died there on 30 November 2013 from heart failure, aged 85. On the same day, the death of <mask> was reported by RIA Novosti to Times.am 'with reference to the theater's press service. RIA News posted that day the information:

Bibliography
In 1997, the publishing house Art (Iskusstvo) published a book by <mask> entitled Album of my destiny ()

The actor's attitude to the his roles
<mask> himself had a different attitude to the roles he played and did not always coincide with the audience's sympathy. The actor described the most famous roles in the following Quotations from the interview.<mask> considered the role of Steva Oblonsky in Anna Karenina as underestimated. "The Hussar Ballad" is still going on, and many love it. And Lieutenant Rzhevsky became, as it were, a real person - there are jokes about him, like about Chapaev, and recently in Rzhev they even decided to erect a monument to him." The artist spoke in more detail about the inimitable Tsar Ivan Vasilievich and his double, the house manager: “At first it was quite difficult. It was impossible to play the Tsar seriously, because it was a comedy. And yet in these unusual circumstances he had to remain Ivan the Terrible. And Bunsh had to be portrayed.It had to be a very everyday idiot with two convolutions. And I found an approach to him. Firstly, he speaks quickly. Such people have one thought running ahead, and they try to express it sooner before it leaves. what if he also lisps? This is ridiculous. I tried it.It worked. " The actor called his role in "Kin-dza-dza" completely unusual: "Besides, the script was being rewritten all the time. We came from the shooting, Danelia and Gabriadze locked ourselves in the room and rewrote the text overnight. And sometimes it turned out to be completely opposite to what we are. have already learned ... We most often communicated with colleagues using the word "Ku". Briefly and succinctly. " But about the first big role in the cinema - Prince Myshkin, <mask> spoke very rarely and laconically: "This is different."(TV Mini-Series) as Ippolit Georgievich
1977: Destiny (Судьба) as Tikhon Bruchanov, Secretary of district committee of Communist Party
1978: Yuliya Vrevskaya as Nikolai Nikolaevich
1978: Pravo pervoy podpisi as Narrator (voice)
1979: Barkhatnyy sezon
1980: Poema o krylyakh as Igor Sikorskiy
1981: An Ideal Husband (Идеальный муж) as Sir Robert Chiltern
1982: Carnival (Карнавал) as Mikhail Solomatin, father of Nina
1982: Beshenye dengi as Ivan Telyatyev
1986: Kin-dza-dza! (Кин-дза-дза!) as Bee - the wandering Patsak singer
1986: Vremya synovey
1987: Levsha
1987: Izbrannik sudby as Narrator (voice)
1988: Shtany
1989: Ostrov Sokrovishch as Ben Gunn (voice)
1990: A Trap for Lonely Man as Police inspector
1991: Sem dney posle ubiystva
1992: Plashchanitsa Aleksandra Nevskogo
1992: Tantsuyushchiye prizraki
1992: Gardemarines-III (Гардемарины-III) as Stepan Fyodorovich Apraksin
1992: Davayte bez fokusov!... as Ot avtora
1993: Children of Iron Gods (Дети чугунных богов) as general
1993: Supermen ponevole ili eroticheskiy mutant
1999: East/West as Vieil Homme Kommonalka
2007: The Irony of Fate 2 (Ирония судьбы. Продолжение) as Ippolit Georgievich (final film role)

Honors and awards
Honorary Member of the Russian Academy of Arts
Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1961)
People's Artist of the RSFSR (1968)
People's Artist of the USSR (1976)
Order "For Merit to the Fatherland":
2nd class (10 June 2008) - for outstanding contributions to the development of domestic theatrical and cinematic arts, many years of creative activity
3rd class (17 October 1996) - for services to the State and outstanding contribution to the development of theatrical arts
Order of Lenin (1988)
Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1978)
USSR State Prize (1979) - for his role Tikhon Ivanovich Bryukhanova in two-part film "Love Earth" and "Destiny"
Stanislavsky State Prize of the RSFSR (1970) - for his performance as Yegor Dmitrievich Glumova in the play "The Wise Man Stumbles" by Alexander Ostrovsky
State Prize of the Russian Federation in Literature and Art in 1994 (29 May 1995) - for the performance of the State Academic Theatre named Eugene.

masks:
Yury Vasilyevich Yakovlev
Yury Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yakovlevdar
Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yuri Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yakovlev
Yakovlev


texts:
<mask> (born June 16, 1959) is an American film and television producer, writer, and director. Krantz started his career in the American entertainment industry as an agent, spending 15 years at Creative Artists Agency (CAA). He started there as a mailroom trainee and rose to eventually run the primetime television department, where he personally packaged the television series ER, Twin Peaks, Beverly Hills, 90210, Melrose Place and The West Wing, among many others. He also put together the movies The Doors and Wild at Heart. Under his leadership at CAA, there were 32 shows on the primetime lineup that the agency represented when Krantz left to start the next part of his career. Krantz transitioned into producing television, and was one of three founders of Imagine Television, serving as its Co-Chairman and CEO. There he produced Felicity, Sports Night, The PJs, 24 and the movie Mulholland Drive.<mask> left Imagine in 2002 to pursue his path as a film and television director and writer. He has since directed three films, Sublime, Otis, and The Big Bang, and is currently the principal and owner of the independent production company Flame Ventures. Early life
Krantz was born on June 16, 1959, in New York City to #1 bestselling novelist <mask> and film and television producer Stephen Falk <mask>. Krantz graduated from Beverly Hills High School in 1977 where he was senior class president. He then went on to college at the University of California, Berkeley where Krantz worked as a concert promoter for the student body, producing the Berkeley Jazz Festival in 1980 among numerous punk rock and rock concerts which would later influence his work. Krantz graduated from Berkeley in June 1981 with a degree in business administration. Career

Two weeks after graduation, Krantz started his professional career in the mailroom at CAA.After being promoted to assistant, Krantz wrote a 100-page paper about CAA and the music business based on ideas he developed around his work as a concert promoter at Berkeley. In the paper, he detailed a plan for CAA to enter the music business without becoming a straight booking agency. He turned the paper in to Michael Ovitz and was made an agent in the TV Literary Department shortly thereafter, just 16 months after joining the agency. As Krantz rose from a TV literary agent to a television packaging agent at CAA, one of his early movie of the week packages won the Emmy for best television movie. It was Inherit the Wind and it starred Kirk Douglas and Jason Robards and was directed by David Green. Afterwards, Krantz expanded into series, largely working with the agency's motion picture clients who at the time viewed the television business with skepticism. In 1990, Twin Peaks creator Mark Frost said he credited the development of the series to Krantz's "determination to get Frost and co-creator David Lynch to write a television script."Krantz later described packaging Twin Peaks as his personal "artistic high point" as an agent. Krantz also packaged "ER." During an internal development meeting at CAA in 1993, Krantz remembered a film script that Michael Crichton had written years earlier based on his experience at Harvard medical school. Krantz re-read the script and then convinced a reticent Crichton and the script's owner Amblin Television and Warner Bros. to turn that 13-year-old work into what would eventually become the ultra successful NBC drama, "ER." Krantz found a showrunner for Crichton, John Wells (whom Krantz also represented), and the pilot was taken word for word from Crichton's film script. The series ran for 15 seasons and is widely considered one of the most successful dramas in television history. Other top series Krantz put together include "Beverly Hills, 90210," "Melrose Place" and "The West Wing".Krantz built a reputation as an expert in his field and in 1996, he taught a course at UCLA Extension's department of entertainment studies and performing arts titled "Creating a Career in the Entertainment Industry." The course included discussions of conceptualization, business savvy, selling strategy and global distribution. He also taught extensively at the U.C. Berkeley's Haas School of Business and for three years to graduate students at U.S.C. 's Peter Stark Producing Program. In 1998, Krantz left his career at CAA to produce television, and partnered with Brian Grazer and Ron Howard to found Imagine Television. Krantz served as CEO and Co-Chairman and was its principal partner.He executive produced many television shows, including Felicity with J. J. Abrams and Matt Reeves, Sports Night with Aaron Sorkin, Wonderland with Peter Berg, The PJs with Eddie Murphy, Mulholland Drive. with David Lynch, and 24 with Kiefer Sutherland. After six years at Imagine, Krantz chose to leave and pursue his producing and directing dream at his own company, Flame Ventures. In 2002, he was replaced at Imagine by former Fox executive Vice President of Programming, David Nevins, who now runs Showtime. <mask>'s opportunity to direct came with the development of the Raw Feed project, a series of direct-to-DVD movies that represented a first of this format for Warner Bros. Studios under their Warner Home Video division. <mask> told Elyse Eisenberg at Warner Home Video that his dream since the third grade was to direct. Eisenberg told him "Warner Bros would approve you as a director in a heartbeat."So Krantz became part of a trio of directors (alongside Daniel Myrick, director of The Blair Witch Project and John Shiban, writer and executive producer for Supernatural and The X-Files) who were tapped to create "Raw Feed," a series of films in the sci fi, horror, and thriller genres. In March 2007, the second film in the 6-part film series, a surreal psychological sci-fi thriller called Sublime, that marked Krantz's first directorial effort, was released. The film was directed by Krantz and written by Erik Jendresen. Krantz described it as "a thinking man's horror film" with a huge twist at the end. In 2008, the fourth film of the Raw Feed series, a black comedy/horror film entitled Otis was released. The film was co-penned by Jendresen and directed by Krantz during an 18-day shoot. The film stars Daniel Stern, Illeana Douglas and Kevin Pollak.In a 2008 interview at SXSW where it opened the festival in its midnight slot, Krantz described Otis as a purposeful satire on the over-abundance of torture and gore porn movies, but also a "meditation on the Iraq war." The independent thriller The Big Bang was <mask>'s most involved directing project to date. In a 2011 interview, Krantz stated that directing The Big Bang was "the most fun [he's] ever had professionally." He was involved in the project from its creative conception and developed the concept alongside frequent collaborator Erik Jendresen. The script was completed within four months. <mask> and Jendresen were influenced by the Coen brothers and David Lynch with the concept of putting a mystery story about particle physics into the middle of a neo-noir detective thriller about the search for a missing girl. Agent Ed Limato of the William Morris Agency read the script, fell in love with it and gave it to Antonio Banderas, who quickly agreed to star in the film.Banderas was knowledgeable about astrophysics and particle physics, and immediately appreciated the hidden meanings in the script. Once he agreed to do the movie, the film was financed despite a difficult financial environment for independent film financing at the time. Actors were attracted to the unique film despite its lower budget. Along with Banderas, the cast included Thomas Kretschmann, William Fichtner, Delroy Lindo, Autumn Reeser, Sienna Guillory, James Van Der Beek, Sam Elliott, Jimmi Simpson and Snoop Dogg. Much of the look of the movie was a result of Shelly Johnson's work in collaboration with Krantz as director. The film's visual style was also inspired by the surreal photography of Gregory Crewdson. J. Todd Anderson, a storyboard artist who works primarily with the Coen Brothers, agreed to work with Krantz to storyboard The Big Bang.Johnny Marr, acclaimed lead guitarist for The Smiths, wrote the score, the first time Marr had ever done a score for film. The film was shot over 30 days. In late 2011, Krantz left his representation at WME and went back to CAA, this time as a client. Among the projects produced was Scruples, an adaptation of a 1978 novel written by Krantz's mother, <mask> which was executive produced by Krantz with Natalie Portman. In 2013, Krantz's series Dracula aired on NBC, starring Jonathan Rhys-Meyers in the titular role and was produced by Krantz alongside Carnival Films, the production company behind the acclaimed Downtown Abby. Krantz is also credited as an executive producer for Blood & Oil with Don Johnson and Wu Assassins for Netflix. John-Eric Caps is the current Executive Vice President of Production and Development at Flame Ventures.Projects in Development

Among many television projects in development across broadcast, cable and streaming, Krantz is writing a movie on the famous Watergate burglars called the Plumbers, producing a remake of Cooley High (a film his father produced) and a multi-part scripted virtual reality science fiction series titled Six, about a doomed mission to Jupiter's moon Europa, 75 years in the future. Krantz is also busy at work on Phantom, a noir thriller series he's created set in 1919 Paris, adapted from the classic book, Phantom of the Opera. Phantom is being done for DirectTV. Krantz is writing all episodes and directing most of that series. Creative Influences

Krantz describes his work as a concert promoter at Berkeley as the major early influence on his career, because it was all about "idealism, spirituality and artistic integrity." He says one particular concert with Talking Heads, that he produced with his partners at Berkeley, was one of the most transformative experiences in live music he ever had, along with his Berkeley Jazz Festival. Apocalypse Now is Krantz's favorite film.And at CAA he had the opportunity to represent Francis Coppola, packaging television projects for the director, including a television movie called White Dwarf, written by Bruce Wagner which aired on Fox. When interviewed about his highly unusual transition from agent to executive producer to director and writer, Krantz shared that he has wanted to direct since he was in third grade at Rudolf Steiner School in New York City, but he knew that it would be difficult to enter that realm. As a child, he wrote letters to Woody Allen, Francis Coppola and Miloš Forman, asking them what it was like to be a director. He says the directing heroes of his life are Mike Nichols, Coppola, the Coen Brothers, David Fincher, Paul Thomas Anderson, and David Lynch because of their artistry. He acknowledges that he joined CAA at the start of his career mostly because he was looking for a job with structure and a path to earn a living after college. As an agent, the transition to producer was more seamless, and then he finally came around to being the director he always wanted to be. He defies a widely held conception in Hollywood that agents and even producers are not creatively inclined as directors and writers.Personal life

Krantz is married to Kristin <mask>, the co-founder and CEO of both Prana Animation Studios. and Oscar and Emmy winning visual effects company, Rhythm & Hues. They met at CAA and live together in Beverly Hills, California, and in Soho, New York City. Krantz has a brother, <mask>. His mother, Judith, was the sister of Jeremy P. Tarcher. Tarcher was the husband of entertainer Shari Lewis, and the father of entertainer Mallory Lewis. When Krantz was worried about leaving his established, comfortable career at CAA to produce television, it was his wife who encouraged him to pick up the phone and call Brian Grazer to inquire about a partnership, after the couple saw the movie "Ransom" in San Francisco which Grazer produced and Ron Howard directed.This call eventually led to the founding of Imagine Television. Political life

As an active member of the Writers Guild and the Directors Guild, Krantz is also active in Democratic politics on a local and national level. In May 2014, Krantz hosted a Foreign Policy Roundtable (on which he serves as a board member) at his home in Beverly Hills where attendees listened in on a conversation between Ari Shavit, noted Israeli journalist and author of My Promised Land, and Jessica Yellin, former CNN White House correspondent. The next year, Henry Kissinger spoke at the Krantz home as a guest of FPR. Awards
<mask>'s shows have won numerous Emmys and Golden Globes and have been nominated for Oscars. In 2002, Krantz received the Producer's Guild Award for best dramatic series for his work on 24 as its executive producer. Filmography

Television

Comedy
Hiller and Diller (1997–1998)
Rock Me Baby (2003–2004)

Drama
Sports Night (1998–2000)
Felicity (1998–2002)
Wonderland (2000)
The Beast (2001)
24 (2001–2004)
South Beach (2006)
Kaya (2007)
Dracula (2013–2014)
Blood & Oil (2015)
Wu Assassins (2019–present)
The International (2020)

Animation
The PJs (1999–2001)

References

External links

1959 births
Living people
People from Beverly Hills, California
Film directors from New York City
Writers from New York City
Beverly Hills High School alumni
Television producers from California
Film producers from California
Haas School of Business alumni
American people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent
American chief executives
University of Southern California faculty
Film directors from Los Angeles
Television producers from New York City
Film producers from New York (state)

masks:
Tony Krantz
Krantz
Judith Krantz
Krantz
Krantz
Krantz
Krantz
Krantz
Judith Krantz
Krantz
Nicholas Krantz
Krantz


texts:
<mask> (July 7, 1932 – August 22, 2019) was an American professional basketball coach in the National Basketball Association and American Basketball Association. He coached several teams in both leagues, and had an overall coaching record of 371–508. Coaching career

After a season with the Dallas Chaparrals (where he won ABA coach of the Year), Nissalke moved to the NBA with the Sonics for one season. He returned to the team, now in San Antonio, in 1973, bringing with him "a patterned, deliberate offense to San Antonio". During his tenure, the "Iceman" George Gervin had arrived from the Virginia Squires and was the center of the team. Though Nissalke's club was successful, he was fired in the beginning of the 1974–75 ABA season. <mask>, who is a graduate of Florida State University, first got his start in coaching on the high school-prep level at the Wayland Academy in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin.He later worked his way onto the college ranks at the University of Wisconsin and Tulane. High School Coaching Career
Nissalke started his coaching career at Wayland Academy as the varsity boys basketball coach when he was hired by Ray Patterson (basketball), his former coach. Nissalke coached there from 1957 until 1962 when he went on to the college ranks, thus advancing his career. He finished with an overall record of 49–41 at Wayland. 1957–58  Overall record 6–12  Conference record 5–9

1958–59  Overall record 13–5

1959–60  Overall record 9–9

1960–61  Overall record 12–5  Conference record 12–2 (conference champions)

1961–62  Overall record 9–10

Early pro coaching career

Nissalke then went to Utah with the ABA's Stars, but the club folded, surprisingly, at mid-season in the ABA's last hurrah in 1975–76. According to Remember the ABA, he has the final game ball in his closet. Later pro coaching career
Nissalke later coached the other Texas professional basketball team, the NBA's Houston Rockets (winning another Coach of the Year in the NBA in 76–77), followed by the Utah Jazz and Cleveland Cavaliers, retiring in 1985.Nissalke holds the rare distinction of being named "Coach of the Year" in both the NBA and the ABA. He was also the commissioner of the short-lived National Basketball League in Canada in 1993–94. He had a combined coaching record of 371–508 (248–391 in NBA and 123–117 in ABA), with an 11–20 playoff record. He went 105–91 with the Chaparrals/Spurs, 13–32 with the Sonics, 18–26 with the Utah Stars, 124–122 with the Rockets, 60–124 with the Jazz, and 51–113 with the Cavaliers. He made it out of the first round of the playoffs just once, in 1977. Other Professional
Nissalke's entrepreneurial activities included developing and owning several health clubs throughout Texas in addition to co-owning a successful bar and restaurant, Green Street in Salt Lake City, Utah for over twenty years. After his coaching career, Nissalke took on revamping the YMCA of Utah and served as Chairman of the Board and later interim CEO.The YMCA had its most successful fundraising campaigns during his tenure. Olympic Coaching
<mask> was the coach of Puerto Rico at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, finishing in 9th place with a 2–5 record. <mask>'s squad came close to upsetting the United States, losing by a 94–93 score. Head coaching record

|-
|align="left"|Dallas*
|align="left"|1971–72
| 84 || 42 || 42 ||  ||align="center"|3rd in Western || 4 || 0 || 4 ||
|align="center"|Lost in Div. Semifinals
|-
|align="left"|Seattle
|align="left"|
| 45 || 13 || 32 ||  ||align="center"|(fired)|| – || – || – ||
|align="center"|–
|-
|align="left"|San Antonio*
|align="left"|1973–74
| 84 || 45 || 39 ||  ||align="center"|3rd in Western || 7 || 3 || 4 ||
|align="center"|Lost in Div. Semifinals
|-
|align="left"|San Antonio*
|align="left"|1974–75
| 28 || 18 || 10 ||  ||align="center"|(resigned)|| – || – || – ||
|align="center"|–
|-
|align="left"|Utah*
|align="left"|1974–75
| 28 || 14 || 14 ||  ||align="center"|4th in Western|| 6 || 2 || 4 ||
|align="center"|Lost in Div. Semifinals
|-
|align="left"|Utah*
|align="left"|1975–76
| 16 || 4 || 12 ||  ||align="center"|(folded)|| – || – || – ||
|align="center"|–
|-
|align="left"|Houston
|align="left"|
| 82 || 49 || 33 ||  ||align="center"|1st in Central|| 12 || 6 || 6 ||
|align="center"|Lost in Conf.Together they had two children and two granddaughters. On August 22, 2019, Nissalke died at his home in Salt Lake City, Utah. References

External links
 BasketballReference.com: <mask>e

1932 births
2019 deaths
American expatriate basketball people in Canada
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
Basketball coaches from Wisconsin
Basketball players from Wisconsin
BSN coaches
Charlotte Hornets assistant coaches
Cleveland Cavaliers head coaches
Continental Basketball Association coaches
Dallas Chaparrals head coaches
Denver Nuggets assistant coaches
Florida State Seminoles men's basketball players
High school basketball coaches in the United States
Houston Rockets head coaches
National Basketball Association broadcasters
San Antonio Spurs head coaches
Seattle SuperSonics head coaches
Sportspeople from Madison, Wisconsin
Tulane Green Wave men's basketball coaches
Utah Jazz head coaches
Utah Stars coaches
Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball coaches

masks:
Thomas Edward Nissalke
Nissalke
Nissalke
Nissalke
Tom Nissalk


texts:
<mask> (born 1947) is an American musician, composer and recording engineer. Background

1960s
In the 1960s, he started out playing drums in various bands including surf music bands. During the late 1960s to the 1970s, he either provided or helped provide music for a number of exploitation films which include biker cult classics such as The Wild Angels, The Glory Stompers, The Angry Breed and Mary Jane. In 1965, <mask> was the  drummer for Davie Allan who provided the music for many biker films in the 1960s, <mask> wrote some of his earliest pieces of film music for Roger Corman's The Wild Angels. .
Around the late-60s, <mask> left the Arrows to become their producer and also produced an album for Dave Myers, released as the Dave Myers Effect, Greatest Racing Themes. It was later released on the Carole label in 1968.,<ref>Billboard July 6, 1968 Page 13 GNP Crescendo Records Action Albums</ref>Discogs The Dave Myers Effect  – Greatest Racing Themes The Moon (4)]</ref> During the late 60s he was the producer, engineer and  member of a Pop-Psych group called The Moon made up of lead singer and keyboardist Matthew Moore, guitarist David Marks, bassist Andrew Bennett aka Drew Bennett and later David Jackson. The group released three singles and a couple of albums on the Imperial Records label.Discogs The Moon (4) During this period of time <mask> designed and built his first recording studio, Continental Sound for Mike Curb, Continental Sound later became the world-famous Producers Workshop, where Pink Floyd, Steely Dan, Neil Diamond and many others have recorded their hits. Continental Sound was also the studio where <mask> was the engineer for Sheffield Labs first direct to disc albums.1970s
During the early 1970s he and Jerry Styner collarborated and had an album Orbit III  released on the Beverly Hills record label. A few years later <mask> and Styner provided the music for the 1975 film Mitchell that starred Joe Don Baker. As a musician he toured with "The 5th Dimension" Jose Feliciano, Helen Reddy, Tompall and the Glaser Brothers,Glenn Yarbrough & The Limeliters, Andy Williams and Michelle Legrand. As a recording engineer he worked with many acts including Quicksilver Messenger Service, Sam Moore, Andy Williams, OC Smith, Paul Anka, Rod McKuen, Solomon Burke and Harry Nilsson. During this period <mask> also continued drumming and became a busy studio musician around Los Angeles playing on many records, films and TV shows including The Rockford Files, Alias Smith and Jones and recording acts Donovan, Paul Williams, Stephen Bishop and Kenny Rogers. Although <mask> started as Andy Williams drummer he later was the producer for two of Andy's Columbia albums, "Christmas Present" for which he also wrote the title song  and "Andy". In the late 1970s while working as a drummer and engineer <mask> met music and film producer Spencer  Proffer, with whom he built his second recording studio, The Pasha Music House.While at Pasha <mask> worked as a producer and chief engineer recording artist, Eddie Money, Al Jarreau, Billy Thorpe, England Dan & John Ford Coley, Firefall, Allan Clarke, The Outlaws, Ted Nugent, and The Plimsouls. Pasha was the studio where Quiet Riot recorded their multi platinum album Metal Health. 1980s
In the early 1980s <mask> left Pasha, remaining close friends with Proffer to pursue his career as a producer, film composer and to build his own personal use recording studio 440 Sound. He re-teamed up with Billy Thorpe to compose the music for the Paramount TV series War of the Worlds, also at 440 Sound <mask> recorded the music for Teenage Mutant Turtles and The California Raisins with composer <mask> and Chuck Lorre, this led to him co-composing music with Dennis on the animated series James Bond Jr., The New Adventures of Speed Racer and The Toxic Crusaders. In 1988 <mask> was the mixing engineer for the  TV special "Kenny, Dolly and Willie" for which he won the prime time Emmy for outstanding mixing for a musical or variety special. On the record side he produced, arranged and engineered Bryan Duncan's Whistlin' In The Dark album. as well as "Strong Medicine", "Have Yourself Committed", "Holy Rollin'  and <mask> produced and engineered Sheffield Lab Direct to Disc "Tower of Power Direct".1990
In the 1990s <mask> decided to pursue his composing career full-time. He was the composer for 780 episodes of Real Stories of the Highway Patrol, and 22 episodes of Stephen J. Cannell's Cobra, teaming again with supervising music producer Spencer Proffer. Also in the 1990s <mask> scored episodes of Hanna-Barbera's The New Adventures of Jonny Quest for which he received an Emmy nomination for Music Direction and Composition. <mask> continued his career with Kenny Rogers scoring the music for Rio Diablo, McShaye and The Gambler V and served as music director for Kenny's CBS special "Keep Christmas With You". In 1990's <mask> met Alex Paen and composed the music for Emergency Call, this led to a long lasting business relationship including being composer for the TV reality series "Animal Rescue" that first aired in 1999 and is still airing weekly in 2021. In the late 1990s <mask> had a successful run composing music for Showtime features including the films Triplecross, Gang In Blue, Elvis Meets Nixon, Mr.Music and The Wall. Also during this time <mask> scored the indie films Food For the Heart, The Women of Spring Break, The Christmas Stallion and Fait Accompli.2000
<mask> has kept busy throughout the 2000s writing music for TV and Film. Reality TV shows he composes for include The Amazing Race, Dog Tales, Missing, Real Green, EA Game Time, Animal Rescue, Celebrity Page, Dragonfly TV and My Ghost Stories. He provided the music for the documentaries I Hope You Dance: The Power and Spirit of Song released in 2015., <mask> also composed the original music for the documentaries Unsung Heroes, the Emmy winning Our People Our Culture Our History, For Love Of Liberty and As Seen Through These Eyes, these both won Gold Medals For Excellence, Best Impact Of Music In A Documentary Film, Director's Choice at the Park City Film Festival. The film, Love Of Liberty also earned <mask> a MPSE Golden Real nomination for his music editing. Other films <mask> scored include And They're Off, Space Warriors, Hard Four, Silent Partner, Don't Tell, Ballad of the Nightingale, Deadly Little Secrets and Cutaway. <mask> also wrote the score for the HBO animated specials, Mother Goose: A Rappin' and Rhymin' Special and The Sissy Duckling, he was lead composer for the long running HBO series "Happily Ever After" and also composer for Stan Lee Presents "The Condor". Discography
 Mike Curb and  <mask>  – Mary Jane Original Soundtrack from the American International Picture "Mary Jane" - Sidewalk  DT-5911 - (1968)
 Jerry Styner and  <mask>  – Orbit III'' - Beverley Hills BHS 38 - (1971)

References

External links
  - filmography
 <mask>, discography at Discogs
 Songs written by Mike Curb
 The Moon - albums

1947 births
Living people
American male songwriters
American film score composers
American male film score composers
American television composers

masks:
Larry Brown
Brown
Larry
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Dennis Brown
Brown
Brown
Larry
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Larry
Brown
Brown
Larry Brown
Larry Brown
Larry Brown


texts:
<mask> FRGS (bapt. 29 April 1792 – 11 November 1843) was an Australian surgeon and explorer. He was baptised in Kirknewton, West Lothian, Scotland, the son of James, and Catherine Boak. Sea voyages
<mask> studied at Edinburgh University and became a Doctor of Medicine. He joined the Royal Navy in 1815 and made nine voyages to Australia as a surgeon-superintendent on convict ships. The times were very dangerous and many of the sea voyages were eventful. In 1829 he travelled on the return journey of the  to Australia when it was shipwrecked in the Torres Strait.<mask> and some of the crew rowed  to Timor. Aboard the ship, , <mask> returned in 1831 to Hobart Town with a hive of bees, that had survived the trip to Australia, and many European plants. The bees were considered to be the first European bees brought to Tasmania. <mask> was presented with an engraved snuffbox with the inscription praising him for, "introducing to (the colony) some of the most valuable plants and animals, but especially the honeybee, which are now in a manner become indigenous to it." Exploration
<mask> sailed in the ship,  to the Swan River in Western Australia with Captain Collet Barker. From there he explored the region inland from King George Sound. Captain Barker was the Commandant at King George Sound and provided the provisions for the expedition.<mask> named the hill overlooking the future township of Mount Barker in his honour. During these expeditions <mask> collected seeds and species to bring back to his friend, Allan Cunningham at the Sydney Botanical Gardens. A species of grevillea from Western Australia, Grevillea wilsonii, was named after him. <mask>'s inlet in Western Australia is also named after him. King George Sound is now home to the thriving town of Albany. In 1833 <mask> was granted a fellowship of the Royal Geographical Society. Journal and travel writing
<mask> wrote of his travel experiences and published them in 1835.The title page of the book describes the contents as:

...an account of, the wreck of the ship "Governor Ready" in Torres Straits; a Description of the British Settlements on the Coasts of New Holland, more particularly Raffles Bay, Melville Island, Swan River and King George's Sound; also, the Manners and Customs of the Aboriginal Tribes:
with an Appendix, containing Remarks on Transportation, The Treatment of Convicts During the Voyage, and Advice to Persons Intending to Emigrate to the Australian Colonies. – by T. B<mask>, M.D. Surgeon, R.N. Member of the Royal Geographical Society

In the preface <mask> states that his aim was to inform those interested in "Australian affairs" and provide amusement to the general public. He states further that the information in the appendix was based on his supervision of, "nearly two thousand prisoners, without having met with any difficulty, or disturbance, worth mentioning.'' Pastoral life
<mask> married Jane Thomson of Durham, England, in 1826 at St Oswalds in Durham. In 1836 he emigrated with his wife, daughter Mary Braidwood <mask> (b.1827), and son <mask> <mask> (b. 1833), to Australia. <mask>'s first land grants were in the Oatlands area of Tasmania, however he exchanged these for grants in the Braidwood district before settling there in 1835. <mask>'s grants in Braidwood amounted to  in recognition of his exploration, to which he added another  of purchased and leased land. The family property was known as "Braidwood Farm" (since changed to "Mona"). When the township was formed it took the name of Braidwood in his honour because <mask> relinquished an area from the western end of his property to be used as the site for the new town. He became a pastoralist and was noted for the good management of his land.He also served as a magistrate, and funded the building on the courthouse in Braidwood. He was on many local committees and took an active interest in district affairs. At <mask>'s death his daughter, <mask> <mask>, was 16. She kept a diary that covered her life after her father's death, and during her marriage to Stewart Marjoribanks Mowle. The diary is now in the National Library of Australia and is seen as a clear and detailed record of early expatriate life in Australia. Death and grave site

<mask>'s third child, <mask>, died at the age of five months on 23 September 1837 and <mask> built a vault at the top of a hill just north of the town for his burial. His wife died not long after on 29 January 1838 and was also buried in the vault.The location () boasts a beautiful view over the town of Braidwood and a large pine tree has been grown adjacent to the vault. During the drought and depression of the early 1840s <mask> was declared bankrupt and on 11 November 1843 it is thought that he probably committed suicide. He was buried with his wife and child in the vault. The grave site fell into disrepair but was repaired and a path from the town added some time after April 2006. The route to the site is unclear (mapped here) and the absence of a track indicates it is rarely visited. The public way was in general use during the late 19th century and until the early 2000s. Community projects were arranged to restore the grave site in 1894 and in 1935, and the stiles were built with a Community Bicentennial Grant in 1988.On change of ownership of the property on which the grave sits, access was closed off by the owner in about 2005 and it is now rarely used as the stiles have been deliberately broken or locked off. Strong community pride in the site has seen several attempts at rectifying this, and  The route commences with the first stile () at the corner of the Kings Highway and Wallace Street at the North end of town and is a  walk. You must proceed from stile to stile as barbed wire fences block alternative routes. From the second wooden stile (in poor repair) () head to the north east of the paddock to the third metal stile () and from there east to the fourth stile(). If the stile is locked proceed north along the fence to the gate. From here the route is obvious. References

External links

 Australian Dictionary of Biography Online Entry
 Australian National Botanic Gardens profile including picture
 commondant of solitude, the journals of capt collet barker, mulvaney and greene

People from West Lothian
19th-century Scottish medical doctors
Australian surgeons
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Scottish emigrants to Australia
Australian explorers
Australian memoirists
1792 births
1843 deaths
Australian beekeepers
Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society
19th-century memoirists
19th-century Australian businesspeople

masks:
Thomas Braidwood Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
. Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
James Braidwood
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Mary Braidwood
Wilson
Wilson
Thomas Braidwood
Wilson
Wilson