texts:
<mask> "<mask><mask>, (also known as Rugaroo, <mask> or Lord Sluggo) is a musician, songwriter and producer from New York City who has played in reggae, blues, ska and rocksteady bands since the early 1990s, including The Slackers, Stubborn All-Stars, SKAndalous All Stars, Crazy Baldhead and The Silencers (not to be confused with the Scottish rock band The Silencers). He has also performed with punk rock band Rancid, both live and in the studio. He has released four solo acoustic albums and continues to tour and record worldwide. <mask> is known primarily as a singer and organist, although he also plays piano, bass, banjo, cigar box guitar, guitar, harmonica and percussion. <mask> is known for his deep distinct Bronx accent. His lyrics usually follow several themes, including the apocalypse, dark humor, political distrust, paranoia, murder, irony, romance and loneliness. His songs have ranged from narrative ballads to whimsical tunes inspired by Beat generation poets, authors and songwriters, including Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg and John Lennon.Biography
Ruggiero started playing piano by ear as a fifth grader and sang with the Metropolitan Opera at age 12. While attending Ardsley High School in 1986, he played in a hardcore group Sic & Mad fronted by his friend Happy, which is how he met Marcus Geard and Ara Babajian who would later become the bass and drummer behind the Slackers. Sic & Mad played a unique cocktail of art-punk, avant-garde, New York hardcore, hip-hop, reggae, psychedelia and ska music. Starting in 1992, The Slackers started as a trio (<mask>, Luis, Marcus) and extension of Sic & Mad. Early incarnations of the group were sometimes billed as The Redlights. Later, TJ joined the group on second guitar, Marq on vocals and after 2 years, Dave and Jeremy joined as the first official horn section on tenor sax and trumpet, respectively. Glen joined on trombone/vocals in October 1997 and Ara became the band's drummer in 2001.<mask> soon became the focal point of The Slackers, also making appearances with the Stubborn All-Stars, Rancid and a host of other groups. In the late 1990s, he began making his own records and released some of these under his own label, Special Potato Records. <mask> has recorded several solo albums on which he plays guitar, harmonica, percussion and sings: To Live in Shame/Understanding New Jersey, Alive at the Ladybug House, Hamburguru (2007), Something In My Blind Spot (2008), On the Rag Time (2009), Songs for Clandestine Lovers (2009). Collaborations with Zoot 16GB (Meatball and Sushi Party, 2009), Kepi Ghoulie (The New Dark Ages, 2009) and wrote songs for the book/CD production, Do Not Feed The Cats in Iraq (2010) with Phil Nerges. He has worked as the producer behind a number of releases using Special Potatoe Records as the distribution outlet for many of these early works. Ruggiero's production style has a distinctively raw sound quality to it: by not erasing sounds that would traditionally be unwanted in a recording, such as doors closing or musicians cuing each other, his productions capture a live-band atmosphere more closely. <mask> has also been responsible for the production of releases from European ska artists, including Mr T Bone and The Moon Invaders and has performed with Shane and the Ashes, The Phenomenauts and The Forthrites.Special Potato
Special Potato Records began in New York during the early 1990s. The label (sometimes spelled "special Potatoe") began as the primary outlet for self-released albums and those featuring members or alumni of The Slackers. After the initial release of a Nods record, followed by a solo record, over time, Special Potato became the calling card for distribution of Ruggiero's early works and continues to release albums. An innovative solo artist and collaborator, Ruggiero has written, recorded and produced dozens of albums that have introduced rocksteady, ska and reggae to younger generations of listeners. His solo albums in particular are influenced by early rock n roll, doo-wop, blues and punk rock. The Slackers

Ruggiero is best known as the front man of the Third Wave Ska and Ska band The Slackers (1992–present). Early incarnations of the band were billed under The Nods, The Redlights and Sic & Mad.Smashing stereotypes of "Ska" as happy, uptempo, and shallow music, New York City's ska revolutionaries, the Slackers, play with an aggressive edge. In 1996, the New York Times declared the Slackers to be part of "the sound of New York". Alternative Nation stated that their music is "protest music made for dim, sweaty basements, The Slackers would sound at home supporting Rancid as well as some grizzled New Orleans electric blues trio." The LA Weekly wrote about, "their unfettered energy, unerring skankability, and playful anger." The band is known for releases featuring reggae legends like The Congos, Glen Adams of the Upsetters, Cornell Campbell and Doreen Schaeffer. In addition to these collaborative works, over the years, they have also released a dub record, collaboration with DJ Boss Harmony (who arranged and refiltered tracks), compilation of forgotten tracks, alternate versions, and remakes from the band's recording vaults. The band has also put out 3 live albums; Live at Ernestos (2000), Upsetting Ernestos (2005), Slack in Japan (2005).Since their start in 1992, the band has released two DVDs; The Slackers: A Documentary (2007) and Live at the Flamingo Cantina (2009). Solo albums
It didn't take long for <mask> to get his solo career started during breaks from The Slackers. A multi-instrumentalist and pioneering producer, the New York-based singer-songwriter continues to astound audiences with his trademark vocal chops, command of keys and edgy brand of bluesy rock n roll as a one-man band. When on the road by himself, Ruggiero primarily plays guitar, harmonica and percussion. <mask> has released several acoustic solo albums in the U.S., including Understanding New Jersey & Living in Sin, Alive at the Ladybug House, On the Rag Time, Something in My Blindspot and  THIS Two songs on the latter ("Lonely Nites" and "Innocent Girl") were re-recorded in July 2007 for the album Something in My Blindspot. This album was recorded in Berlin and released on February 15, 2008 by German label 'Moanin'. The track "Animales" also appears on the album, Alive at the Ladybug House.In "Something in My Blindspot", <mask> sings and plays guitar, bass, organ, piano and banjo. Lisa Müller from the German ska/swing band Black Cat Zoot sings on four songs. The album also features a brass band, Fanfara Kalashnikov. Drums are played by Andrei Kluge from the ska band Rolando Random & The Young Soul Rebels. Hamburguru is a solo album that has only been released in Japan by the Ska in the World label. Some songs on the album have been previously released on the demo entitled Top Secret Bounty and Clues. On Hamburguru, he plays in his typical fashion as a "one man band" on vocals, guitar, harmonica, kick drum and hi-hat.THIS (album) is a Hi-Fidelity recording of fan-favorites, released on the Unison Music label. (UM59) Recorded and Produced by Bruce Witkin and Ryan Dorn at the Unison Music studio in Los Angeles. <mask> performs the keyboards, guitars, mandolin, accordion, and harmonica. Bass performed by Bruce Witkin and Drums performed by Rob Klonel. Acoustic guitar on "Oklahoma" by Mitch Goodman. Ruggiero maintains a solo touring schedule, he collaborated with The Forthrights and The Ashes as well as acoustic musicians and singers, including Chris Murray, Kepi Ghoulie, Lisa Müller and Maddie Ruthless on live and studio recordings. <mask>'s music is primarily distributed by Asian Man Records, Hellcat Records, Ska in the World, Moanin' Music and Whatevski and he continues to tour and release new material.<mask> is best known for his working-class roots, political radicalism, fiery personality and unique style of ska, punk rock, blues and rock music. He has played in bands like The Nods, SKAndalous All-Stars, Stubborn All-Stars, The Silencers, Da Whole Thing, David Hillyard and the Rocksteady 7, Crazy Baldhead Sound System, Victor Rice Octet, Sic & Mad, Tremoflex9000 and more. His guest appearances include famous artists like Rancid, The Transplants or Roger Miret and the Disasters. He has been seen playing many different kinds of organs, such as Roland VK-7, Roland VK-8 and Roland VK-09, Korg CX-3, Hammond XB-1G, Hammond XK-2, Rheem Mark 7 as well as a Rhodes Piano. Discography

Solo albums
 Understanding New Jersey & Living in Sin – 2001 (Moanin' Music)
 This is Special Potatoe, Vol. 1 – 2002 (Damaged Goods)
 Alive at the Ladybug House – 2004 (Thought•Squad)
 Mean & Nasty / Yes It's True (7" Single) (2005) (Ska in the World)
 Top Secret Bountry and Clues – 2006 (Also known as "Blues and Clues," and "Bounty and Clues".) Box
 InBetweenTheLines – 2009
Keyboards and Additional Guitars on track 7:Skinocracy

With Maddie Ruthless
 Policeman – 2011

With Faintest Idea
 Increasing The Minimum Rage'' – 2016
 Hammond B3 Organ on track 1: Circling The Drain

References

External links
 <mask>'s website
 Interview with Ruggiero from Tastes Like Chicken (2003)
 Interview with Ruggiero from In Music We Trust (1998)
 Interview with Ruggiero from Ska Blah Blah (2007)

Living people
American male singers
American ska singers
People from the Bronx
American reggae musicians
Singers from New York City
Year of birth missing (living people)
The Slackers members

masks:
Victor
Vic
" Ruggiero
Bad Vic
Ruggiero
Ruggiero
Vic
Vic
Ruggiero
Ruggiero
Ruggiero
Ruggiero
Ruggiero
Vic
Ruggiero
Ruggiero
Vic Ruggiero


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<mask> (born April 27, 1942) is an American sociologist and professor emerita of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Most of her academic career has been devoted to teaching and writing about human rights, and she retired to Wellfleet, Massachusetts, where she continues to teach. Education and career
<mask> was awarded a BA from the University of Chicago in 1964 and a MA, also from Chicago, in 1967, and a PhD in 1972, from Northwestern University. Blau taught at Baruch College as an assistant professor from 1973 to 1976, held a post-doctoral fellowship at Albert Einstein College of Medicine (1976–1978), taught at the State University of New York at Albany (1978–1982), and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1982–2013) where she founded and chaired the Social and Economic Justice minor within the Sociology department. She founded and directed the Human Rights Center of Chapel Hill and Carrboro in 2009, which was an NGO that advocated for the rights of refugees and migrants. Her husband, <mask> taught in the same department, as emeritus professor, until his death March 12, 2002. She has two daughters, Reva Blau and Pamela Blau.<mask> also taught at Nankai University in Tienjin, China, Hunter College, New York University, Mary Baldwin College and spent an academic year at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study. Her early career was devoted, first to a study of scientists and, then, to a study of architects. In the early 1970s, both physics and architecture were undergoing dramatic transformation. Physicists had early access to the internet, allowing them to participate in international scientific exchanges, in defiance of the Cold War. Postmodernism was displacing modernism in architecture, just as postmodernism affected philosophy and art theory. She has worked in several sociological specialties, and gradually discovered that she could wed her passion for social and economic justice with the same scholarly discipline she brought to her study of communications among scientists. In her current research on constitutions, she has found that the U.S. is an outlier in two respects: it never ratifies human rights treaties and has not revised the Constitution's Bill of Rights.The United States is in a small minority of states that do not recognize economic, social and cultural rights. The US is also an outlier on economic inequality, with immense gaps between the 1 percent and the 99 percent. Memberships and awards
<mask> served on the Executive Council of the American Sociological Association, on the Board of the North Carolina chapter of ACLU, as President of the Southern Sociological Society, and was editor of Social Forces. She founded the U.S. chapter of Sociologists without Borders in 2002. <mask> served as its president from 2002 to 2011. She was the recipient of the 2006 Lester F. Ward  Award of the Association for Applied and Clinical Sociology, the 2013 annual Orange County Pauli Murray Award, and the American Sociological Association's Distinguished Career Award for the  Practice of Sociology, and is a lifetime honorary member of the Cooperstown Baseball Hall of Fame. Publications
Human Rights: Beyond the Liberal Vision, co-authored with Alberto Moncada, is a book that critiques American society.It has been called a "brave book" by the journal Social Forces. Sole-Authored and Sole-Edited Books
 Architects and Firms. Cambridge: MA: MIT Press, 1983. The Shape of Culture: A Study of Contemporary Cultural Patterns in the U.S. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989. Social Contracts and Economic Markets. New York: Plenum, 1993. Blackwell Companion to Sociology (ed.)Malden MA: Blackwell, 2001. Race in the Schools: Perpetuating White Dominance? Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2003. Recipient of the American Sociological Association's Oliver Cromwell Cox Award. The Paris Agreement: Climate Change, Solidarity and Human Rights. New York, NY: Palgrave 2017
 Crimes Against Humanity: Climate Change and Trump's Legacy of Planetary Destruction. New York: Routledge, 2018.Co-Authored Books (Selected)

<mask>, Mark La Gory, and John Pipkin, eds., Professionals and Urban Form. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1983. .
John Pipkin, Mark La Gory, and <mask>, eds. Remaking the City: Social Science Perspectives On Urban Design. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1983. .
 <mask> and Alberto Moncada, Human Rights: Beyond the Liberal Vision. Lanham, MA: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. <mask> and Alberto Moncada, Justice in the United States: Human Rights and the U.S. Constitution. Lanham, MA: Rowman & Littlefield, 2006.<mask> and Alberto Moncada, Freedoms and Solidarities: We Humans. Lanham, MA: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007. <mask> and Alberto Moncada, Human Rights: A Primer. Boulder: Paradigm, 2009. <mask> and Louis Edgar Esparza, Human Rights: A Primer. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2016.<mask>, David L Brunsma, Alberto Moncada and Catherine Zimmer, The Leading Rogue State: The U.S. and Human Rights. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers, 2008. Reva <mask>, <mask>, Climate Chaos and Its Origins in Slavery and Capitalism (Anthem Sociological Perspectives on Human Rights and Development) Hardcover – September 15, 2020

Co-edited Books (Selected)
 Arnold Foster and <mask>, eds., Art and Society: Readings in the Sociology of Art. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989. <mask> and Norman Goodman, eds., Social Roles and Social Institutions: Essays in Honor of Rose Laub Coser. New Brunswick: Transaction Press, 1995. <mask> and Keri Iyall Smith, eds., Public Sociology Reader.Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2006
 <mask> and Marina Karides, eds., The World and US Social Forums. Rowman & Littlefield, 2009. <mask> and Mark Frezzo, eds., Sociology and Human Rights: A Bill of Rights for the 21st Century. Los Angeles: Sage, 2012. Keri Iyall Smith, Louis Esparza and   Human Rights Of the People, For the People: How to Critique and Revise the U.S. Constitution. New York: Routledge, 2017. Articles and Book Chapters (Selected)
 <mask>, "Patterns of Communication and Theoretical High Energy Physicists," Sociometry 37 (1974):  391–406.<mask> and Peter M<mask>, "The Cost of Inequality:  Metropolitan Structure and Violent Crime," American Sociological Review 47 (February 1982):  114–129. <mask>, "Elite Arts, the de Rigeuer and the Less," Social Forces 64 (June 1986):  875–905. <mask>, "The Context and Content of Collaboration:  Architecture and the Social Sciences," Journal of Architectural Education 45 (Fall 1991):  36–40. Kenneth C. Land, Glenn Deane, and <mask>, "Religious Pluralism, Social Conditions, and Spatial Diffusion:  An Analysis of Their Effects on Church Membership," American Sociological Review 56 (April 1991):  237–249. <mask> and Charles Heying, "Historically Black Organizations in the Nonprofit Sector." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly  25 (December 1996):  540–545. <mask>, "Alley Art: Can We….See….. the End of Ontology?" pp. 187–208 in Jonathan Turner (ed. ), Handbook of Sociological Theory (New York: Kluwer/Plenum Press, 2001). <mask>, Vicki L. Lamb, Elizabeth Stearns, and Lisa Pellerin, "Cosmopolitan Environments and Adolescents’ Achievement Gains," Sociology of Education 74 (April 2001): 121-138

 <mask>, "What Would Sartre Say? What Would Arendt Reply?" Social Forces: 85(2007):1063-1078   <mask>, "Globalization," Interview in Islamic Perspectives (Tehran and London), 2 (2010):

 <mask>, "ASA Member Resolution on the Iraq War: Response to Criticisms," Footnotes of the American Sociological Association 31 (September/October 2003): 14.See also
https://sociology.unc.edu/files/2018/08/Judith-Blau-CV-Aug-2018.pdf

References

American sociologists
American women sociologists
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty
1942 births
Living people
American women social scientists
University of Chicago alumni
Northwestern University alumni
Academic journal editors
21st-century American women

masks:
Judith Blau
Judith
Peter Michael Blau
Blau
Blau
Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
. Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau
Judith Blau


texts:
<mask> (born 9 February 1972) is a Scottish professional football manager and former player, who was last the manager of Championship club Peterborough United. Between his first and third stints with Peterborough, he also managed Preston North End and Doncaster Rovers. As a player, <mask> was managed at Manchester United by his father, Sir <mask>. He won a Premier League title and the FA Charity Shield in 1993 with the club before going on to spend most of his career at Wolverhampton Wanderers and Wrexham in the lower divisions of English football. <mask>'s first managerial appointment was as player-manager of League Two Peterborough United in January 2007. After two successive promotions, and guiding the club to the second-tier of English football for the first time in 17 seasons, <mask> was relieved of his duties on 9 November 2009, with Peterborough United at the foot of The Championship. <mask> was appointed Preston North End manager on 6 January 2010.He was dismissed on 29 December 2010 after a string of poor results. On 12 January 2011, he was again appointed as the manager of Peterborough United, where he took the club to the League One play-off Final at Old Trafford, and in this match won promotion to the Football League Championship, the club's third promotion in four years, with a 3–0 victory over Huddersfield Town. Peterborough United spent two seasons in the Championship after winning promotion. On 4 May 2013, <mask>'s side were relegated to League One after losing to Crystal Palace 3–2 on the final match of the season. Playing career

<mask> was born in Glasgow. He is the son of former Manchester United manager Sir <mask>. He has two siblings: a twin brother, Jason, and an elder brother, Mark.His father brought him through the youth ranks at Manchester United, giving him his first team debut in 1990. <mask> played in United's first 15 games of the new Premier League in 1992–93 during the absence of the injured Bryan Robson, and although he did not start a league game after November, he played enough games to qualify for a title winner's medal at the end of the season (which, at the time, was a minimum of 10 matches). However, his first-team chances were very limited in 1993–94 and he was transferred to Wolverhampton Wanderers for £250,000. His final season at Old Trafford brought just five first team appearances, and with the introduction of squad numbers in the Premier League that campaign he had been issued with the number 18 shirt which would next be worn by Simon Davies. He spent five years at Wolves, during which they qualified for the Division One play-offs twice and finished in the top 10 on four occasions, but never gained promotion to the Premier League. He left Wolves in 1999 to sign for Dutch side Sparta Rotterdam, but only made 14 appearances. Between 1999 and 2007 he played for Wrexham making 310 appearances, scoring 51 goals.<mask> captained them to win promotion to Division Two in 2002–03. He also led the club to its first national trophy (in English football), the Football League Trophy, scoring the second goal himself in a 2–0 win over Southend United in 2004–05. Managerial career
In 2001, 29-year-old <mask> was linked with the management post at Wrexham, following the departure of Brian Flynn. At the time, he assisted caretaker manager Joey Jones. After manager Denis Smith was sacked in January 2007, <mask> was again touted as a candidate, having by now played well over 300 games for the club, but coach Brian Carey was appointed instead. There were suggestions that <mask> and Carey had clashed, as <mask> had expected to be appointed. Carey, who had left <mask> on the substitutes bench for his first game, denied this.The pair had argued a year previously, following a defeat to Leyton Orient. <mask> later stated he was disappointed not to be considered for the management position, and stated the club would have done better under him than they did under Carey. Peterborough United
Shortly after his father celebrated 20 years as manager of Manchester United, <mask> followed him into football management. In January 2007 he left Wrexham to become player-manager of fellow League Two side Peterborough United. Previous manager Keith Alexander had been sacked after a run of six straight defeats. He led the club to a 10th-placed finish in his first season of management. In his first full season of management, he took Posh to second place in League Two, gaining promotion.He was named League Two manager of the month for March 2008, after Peterborough won six games out of eight in the month. In his second full season, 2008–09, he led Posh go to second place and automatic promotion to the Championship. He also won the League One Manager of the Month award for March 2009, following six straight wins. <mask> left Peterborough in November 2009, by mutual consent, with Posh bottom of the table. Preston North End
In January 2010, <mask> signed as manager of Preston North End. His first game at home as a manager was an FA Cup match against Chelsea on 23 January 2010 which his side lost 2–0. On 14 September 2010, <mask> was charged with misconduct by the FA after his behaviour in the tunnel towards the referee after a 4–3 Championship defeat by Burnley.During a disappointing period as manager of Preston, in a spell which lasted less than a year, <mask> had a comeback win in September 2010 when his Preston side beat Leeds United 6–4 after being 4–1 down at Elland Road. After the match <mask> said: "I have never been involved in such an amazing game." After 49 games in charge, winning 13, drawing 12 and losing 24 games, he was sacked as manager on 29 December 2010, with Preston North End bottom of the Championship. Following his sacking by Preston, his father Sir <mask> immediately recalled all three Manchester United players on loan at Preston; Joshua King, Ritchie De Laet, and Matty James. In addition, the Stoke City manager Tony Pulis recalled the two Stoke players on loan at Preston; Danny Pugh and Michael Tonge. This meant that in a single week, Preston had lost five key first-team players, effectively sealing the team's relegation. Return to Peterborough United
In January 2011, Gary Johnson left his job as manager at Peterborough United, with the club several points adrift of the playoff places.On 12 January 2011, <mask> was re-appointed as manager at Peterborough on a four-and-a-half-year contract. His first match ended up in a defeat away to league leaders Brighton & Hove Albion, but the following week, in his first game at London Road since his return, Peterborough beat Hartlepool United 4–0. Peterborough United's promotion hopes was given a boost with a 5–3 win over promotion rivals Sheffield Wednesday. A 0–5 away thumping of Oldham Athletic kept <mask>'s men within touching distance of the automatic promotion places. The club ultimately finished fourth in League One, and after beating Milton Keynes 4–3 on aggregate, reached the play-off Final at Old Trafford against Huddersfield Town. Peterborough went on to defeat Huddersfield 3–0 to clinch a return to the Championship, just one year after they had been relegated. By the end of the season, Peterborough had become the top-scoring side in the whole country, with 106 goals in total; their 46 league games generated a total of 181 goals, or 3.93 per game.Peterborough spent two seasons in the Championship after winning promotion, before being relegated back to League One after losing to Crystal Palace 3–2 on the final day of the season. Peterborough had led the match with seven minutes remaining, but went on to lose in the final minute; a draw would have been enough to keep Peterborough in the Championship. Their total of 54 points during that season is to date the highest amount accrued by a relegated side in Championship history. On 21 February 2015, following a 3–0 away defeat at Milton Keynes Dons which left the team 15th in the League One table, <mask> left Peterborough United by mutual consent. Doncaster Rovers
<mask> was appointed manager of League One club Doncaster Rovers on 16 October 2015. They were relegated at the end of the 2015–16 season, but a third place finish in their only season in League Two saw the club win promotion back to League One in May 2017. <mask> resigned from his role as manager on 4 June 2018, after guiding Rovers to 15th placed finish in their first season back in Sky Bet League One.Second return to Peterborough United
<mask> was re-appointed as manager of League One club Peterborough United on 26 January 2019 for the third time with a deal agreed until the end of season after the dismissal of Steve Evans, with Gavin Strachan as his assistant. In May 2021, after missing out on the previous season's play-offs due to the season being curtailed by the COVID-19 pandemic, <mask> successfully guided Peterborough to promotion to the Championship. On 20 February 2022, the following day from a last-minute 1–0 defeat to relegation rivals Derby County that left Peterborough in 23rd position, five points from safety, it was announced that <mask> had resigned during a phone call to joint-owner Darragh MacAnthony. Personal life
In June 2003, <mask> married Nadine Metcalfe. On 23 October 2007, he was arrested on suspicion of assaulting his estranged wife on the driveway of his father's home in Wilmslow, Cheshire. He was released on bail. He appeared at Macclesfield Magistrates' Court on 23 January 2008, and was charged with common assault, to which he pleaded not guilty.On 10 April 2008, he changed his plea to guilty and was fined £1,500 and ordered to pay £200 in court costs. Managerial statistics

Honours

Player
Manchester United
Premier League: 1992–93
FA Charity Shield: 1993

Wrexham
FAW Premier Cup: 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2003–04
Football League Trophy: 2004–05
FAW Premier Cup runners-up: 2004–05, 2005–06

Manager
Peterborough United
Football League One runners-up: 2008–09, 2020–21
Football League One play-offs: 2010–11
Football League Two runners-up: 2007–08
Football League Trophy: 2013–14

Doncaster Rovers
Football League Two third place: 2016–17

Individual
LMA Manager of the Year: 2009 League One
Football League One Manager of the Month: March 2009, February 2011, April 2014, August 2014, October 2019, October 2020, February 2021
Football League Two Manager of the Month: March 2008, January 2017

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Glasgow
Scottish footballers
Association football midfielders
Manchester United F.C. players
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. players
Sparta Rotterdam players
Wrexham A.F.C. players
Peterborough United F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Scottish football managers
Peterborough United F.C. managers
Preston North End F.C.managers
Doncaster Rovers F.C. managers
English Football League managers
Scotland under-21 international footballers
Scottish expatriate footballers
Scottish expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands

masks:
Darren Ferguson
Ferguson
Alex Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Alex Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Alex Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson
Ferguson


texts:
<mask> () is a Serbian politician. She served in the National Assembly of Serbia from 2001 to 2020 and is now the Minister for Human and Minority Rights and Social Dialogue in the cabinet of Ana Brnabić. A former and long-time member of the Democratic Party, she was excluded from the party from opposing its boycott of the 2020 Serbian parliamentary election. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Novi Sad, Vojvodina, in what was then the People's Republic of Serbia in the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. She trained as a physicist and was an worked at the University of Novi Sad's Faculty of Technical Sciences from 1984 to 1999. From 1999 to 2004, she worked in marketing for JP SPC Vojvodina. Čomić was one of the first Serbian politicians to write a blog, starting in 2006.Politician
Čomić joined the Democratic Party's Novi Sad municipal board in 1992, became a spokesperson for the party at the city and provincial level, led its Novi Sad election headquarters in 1996, and served as president of the party's provincial board from 1998 to 2001. Čomić appeared on the Democratic Party's electoral lists in the 1992 and 1993 parliamentary elections, running in the Novi Sad electoral division. She was not included in her party's assembly delegation on either occasion. (From 1992 to 2000, Serbia's electoral law stipulated that one-third of parliamentary mandates would be assigned to candidates on successful lists in numerical order, while the remaining two-thirds would be distributed amongst other candidates at the discretion of sponsoring parties or coalitions. Čomić was not given a high enough list position on either occasion to receive an automatic mandate, nor was she granted an optional mandate afterwards.) She was elected to the Vojvodina assembly for Novi Sad's thirteenth electoral district in the 1996 provincial election and led the opposition group in the assembly from 1997 to 2000. Re-elected for Novi Sad's tenth district in 2000, she served as the assembly's deputy speaker from 2000 to 2001.At the municipal level, she was a member of Novi Sad's executive committee in 1997. Parliamentarian

2000–12
Serbia's electoral system was revised for the 2000 parliamentary election, with the entire country becoming a single constituency. Čomić received the twenty-first position on the electoral list of the Democratic Opposition of Serbia, a broad coalition that included the Democratic Party. The list won a landslide majority with 176 out of 250 mandates, and Čomić was selected as part of its parliamentary delegation when the assembly in January 2001. (From 2000 to 2011, all parliamentary mandates were awarded to sponsoring parties or coalitions rather than to individual candidates, and it was common practice for the mandates to be distributed out of numerical order. Čomić did not automatically receive a mandate by virtue of her list position, but she was nonetheless chosen as a Democratic Party representative.) She became a vice-president of the Democratic Party later in the year and served as a deputy speaker of the assembly.In October 2003, Čomić controversially delayed a vote of no-confidence in the government of Zoran Živković. Čomić was a supporter of Živković, and some opposition members charged that the delay was simply a method to buy more time for the government to build a working majority. In the same period, Čomić oversaw a motion of non-confidence (which was ultimately unsuccessful) in assembly speaker Nataša Mićić. Mićić dissolved the assembly for new elections on 13 November 2003. The Democratic Party contested the resulting 2003 parliamentary election on its own, and Čomić received the sixth position on its electoral list. The list won thirty-seven mandates, and she was again chosen as part of the party's assembly delegation. The rival Democratic Party of Serbia emerged at the head of a coalition government following the election, and the Democratic Party served in opposition.In January 2004, Čomić supported Živković's candidacy against Boris Tadić for the vacant Democratic Party leadership. It was reported that Tadić responded by blocking Čomić from becoming the new assembly speaker, a position she had expected to receive. Tadić was chosen as party leader in early 2004, and Čomić was defeated in her concurrent bid for re-election as a party vice-president. She chaired the assembly committees for international relations and European integration in the parliament that followed, and in 2006 she was appointed as part of Serbia's delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE PA). She supported Serbia's integration into the European Union and criticized what she regarded as efforts to increase Serbia's dependence on Russia. In 2006, she worked with parliamentarians from Montenegro on a regional charter of minority rights. Čomić was again selected as part of the Democratic Party's assembly delegation after the 2007 and 2008 elections.The party returned to participation in government in 2007 and became the dominant force in a coalition government with the Socialist Party in 2008. In that year, Čomić was once again chosen as a deputy speaker of the assembly. She indicated her support for the Statute of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in January 2009, arguing that it was not a separatist document (as some had suggested) and that it would benefit both Vojvodina and Serbia as a whole. 2012–20
Serbia's electoral system was reformed once again in 2011, such that parliamentary mandates were awarded in numerical order to candidates on successful lists. Čomić was given the fifteenth position on the Democratic Party's Choice for a Better Life coalition list in the 2012 election and was re-elected when the list won sixty-seven mandates. This election was won by the Serbian Progressive Party and its allies, and the Democratic Party moved into opposition. Čomić continued to serve in Serbia's OSCE PA delegation and was selected by this organization as a rapporteur for human rights and migration.In November 2013, <mask> headed an OSCE PA delegation overseeing the 2013 Tajikistani presidential election. She was critical of the way the election was handled, saying, "While quiet and peaceful, this was an election without a real choice. Being in power requires abiding by OSCE commitments, not taking advantage of incumbency, as we saw here. Greater genuine political pluralism will be critical for Tajikistan to meet its democratic commitments." <mask> later advocated for the OSCE PA's Baku Declaration. She stood down from her membership in the organization in 2014. Čomić received high positions on the Democratic Party-led lists in the 2014 and 2016 elections and was easily re-elected both times.She was chosen as a deputy speaker after both elections, and in 2014 she was again selected as a party vice-president. She also served as her party's critic on defence issues. The Democratic Party remained in opposition during this time. Čomić was an early supporter of Saša Janković's bid for president of Serbia in the 2017 election. Janković was ultimately endorsed by the Democratic Party and finished a distant second against Aleksandar Vučić of the Progressive Party. During the 2016–20 parliament, <mask> was deputy chair of the parliamentary committee on constitutional and legislative issues; a member of the committee on Kosovo-Metohija, the European integration committee, and the committee on the rights of the child; a deputy member of the environmental protection committee and the defence and internal affairs committee; a deputy member of the European Union–Serbia stabilization and association committee; a member of a commission to "investigate the consequences of the NATO 1999 bombing on the health of the citizens of Serbia, as well as the environment, with a special focus on the impact of the depleted uranium projectiles"; a deputy member of the Serbia's delegation to the South-East European Cooperation Process parliamentary assembly; and a member of the parliamentary friendship groups with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Germany, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The Democratic Party began participating in a boycott of the national assembly in early 2019, against the backdrop of significant protests against Serbia's government.Čomić was expelled from the party in early 2020 after attending an assembly session while the boycott was still in place. She indicated that her reason for returning to the assembly was to present draft legislation (which was ultimately successful) requiring at least forty per cent representation of women on election lists at both the republic and municipal levels. She sought re-election to the assembly in the 2020 parliamentary election as a non-party candidate, receiving the fourth position on the electoral list of the United Democratic Serbia alliance. The list did not cross the electoral threshold to win representation in the assembly, and Čomić's term ended on 3 August 2020. Cabinet minister
<mask> was appointed to prime minister Ana Brnabić's cabinet in October 2020 as minister of human and minority rights and social dialogue. In March 2021, Čomić brought forward a draft anti-discrimination law for same-sex unions in Serbia. The legislation extends civic rights to same-sex couples, although it does not address marriage or adoption; Čomić contends that these subjects are matters of family law, whereas her legislation is focused on human rights issues.The rights extended to same-sex unions under the legislation have prompted opposition from more conservative circles. Serbian president Aleksandar Vučić has said that he will not sign the law on the grounds that it violates Serbia's constitution. Čomić has downplayed the importance of Vučić's opposition, affirming the law's constitutionality and saying that its validity will ultimately be determined by Serbia's constitutional court. References

1958 births
Living people
Politicians from Novi Sad
Serbian women in politics
Members of the National Assembly of Serbia
Deputy Members of the South-East European Cooperation Process Parliamentary Assembly
Members of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Democratic Party (Serbia) politicians
Members of the Assembly of Vojvodina

masks:
Gordana Čomić
Čomić
Čomić
Čomić
Čomić
Čomić


texts:
<mask> (1874–1954) was an architect and city planner best known for his co-authorship of the 1909 Plan of Chicago. Biography
<mask> was born in Bristol, England in 1874, and later moved to San Francisco with his family. An employee of Robert White, he was encouraged by famous architect Bernard Maybeck to pursue his education at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, and was a student there  from 1895 to 1902, thanks to the generosity of <mask>. The training and friendships he made at the École shaped his entire career. After graduating, he spent a short time in New York City with prominent architect George B. Post, who sent him to Chicago to assist architect Daniel H. Burnham in preparing a plan for the military academy at West Point. Burnham found <mask>'s work highly satisfactory and in 1903 invited him to move to Chicago to collaborate on the comprehensive plan for San Francisco, and afterwards, the Plan of Chicago.The completed San Francisco plan was not implemented in the aftermath of the 1906 earthquake, but <mask> became well known for his design work and co-authorship of the 1909 Plan of Chicago. While Burnham raised money and visibility for the Chicago Plan, <mask> created the actual layouts and drawings which are so well known today. <mask> also trained with Chicago's then leading country house architect <mask> Doren Shaw. <mask> made Chicago his personal and professional headquarters for the rest of his career. He served on the Chicago Plan Commission in various capacities into the 1930s and developed a substantial private practice and a national reputation as a city planner. Burnham, who largely retired from active practice after 1905, other than for his work in Chicago, directed applicants to <mask>, who, with partners William E. Parsons (1872–1939) and <mask>. Frost (1886–1943), served as a planning consultant to many cities large and small. In the plan for Chicago, Burnham and <mask> created a working document giving substance to the City Beautiful philosophy.From this prototype <mask> developed comparable plans for numerous American cities, including Minneapolis, Detroit, and Portland, Oregon. <mask> married Catherine Jones from the prominent Lake Forest Jones family. They had one son, E. H<mask> Jr., who was also an architect. In 1916 <mask> designed and built their estate, Bagatelle, on the northeast corner of the original Jones estate. The house still stands at the corner of Deerpath and Green Bay Roads in Lake Forest. Bagatelle is an interpretation of the Château de Bagatelle in Paris's Bois de Boulogne. Its classical garden with central fountain echos the design of Grant Park and Buckingham Fountain on Chicago's lakefront.He also owned Deerpath Farm, a dairy farm and country retreat on  just west of Lake Forest which he gave to his son, and which now remains intact as the Deerpath Farm conservation community. For many years, <mask>'s office was located in the penthouse of the Santa Fe building at 80 E. Jackson in Chicago. From this vantage point he could supervise the construction of Grant Park, which he designed as part of the Plan of Chicago, and its structures including Buckingham Fountain and the original Peristyle in today's Millennium Park. His son E. H<mask> Jr. later occupied this same office through the late-1960s. <mask>'s firm was a pioneer in the creation of zoning ordinances and the study of transportation and regional planning as urban design tools. He usually served on a consultant basis, frequently for quasi-public or commercial interests such as the Commercial Club of Chicago. His vision of the city was formed in the application of Beaux-Arts design principles of axiality and the incorporation of monumental public buildings as civic markers, coupled with a systematic ordering of functions for efficiency.After World War I, the nature of planning work changed. Fully three-quarters of the <mask> firm's work done in the 1920s was for official city planning agencies rather than for independent business or civic groups. With the Great Depression, <mask>'s volume of work declined. From the late 1920s, he was involved in planning for the 1933 Chicago Century of Progress Exposition, and designed a number of structures for it. From 1927 until 1937, <mask> served as Chairman of the Board of Architects responsible for the development of the Federal Triangle in Washington, DC, a large complex of government buildings between the White House and the United States Capitol built to house a number of Federal agencies, including what is now the National Archives and Records Administration. Although most of his life's work reflected the Beaux Arts tradition, <mask> also designed two known modernist structures, one a personal studio on the south grounds of the Bagatelle estate, and the other a house in the artist colony of Tryon, North Carolina. After the retirement and death of his partners, <mask> closed his practice in 1944 and spent the final decade of his life in retirement.In the course of his career, <mask> had worked in nearly 20 states, from California to Florida, as well as in Puerto Rico and Canada. He presented his papers to The Art Institute of Chicago in 1953, and these were supplemented by additional gifts and bequests from his architect son, <mask><mask>, Jr., over the following two decades. In 2008 <mask>'s Grandson, <mask> III donated a substantial collection of <mask>'s personal papers, drawings and photographs including his personal notebooks for the Plans of Chicago and San Francisco to Lake Forest College. Works
 1909 Plan of Chicago
 Buckingham Fountain - Chicago, IL
 Michigan Avenue Bridge - Chicago, IL
 Peristyle at Millennium Park (original) - Chicago, IL
 Civic Center Park - Denver, CO
 1915 Plan for Ottawa
 Luis Muñoz Rivera Park - San Juan, Puerto Rico

Notes

References
Coventry, Kim; Meyer, Daniel; Miller, Arthur H. "Classical Country Estates of Lake Forest, Architecture and Landscape Design 1856-1940" (2003), New York: W. W. Norton & Company, pages 209, 211, 227, 288-89; cover photograph
 Cohen, Stuart; Benjamin, Susan. "North Shore Chicago, Houses of the Lakefront Suburbs 1890-1945" (2004), New York: Acanthus Press, pages 41, 43, 302, 307, 319

External links
 Portrait at the Encyclopedia of Chicago
 The other author of the 1908 Plan of Chicago: <mask> H. <mask> - urban designer, planner and architect
 <mask> H. <mask> Collection, 1850-1985: Lake Forest College Library
 Classic Country Estates of Lake Forest at Google Books Search
 Drawing at the Art Institute of Chicago

American Neoclassical architects
Beaux Arts architects
American urban planners
1874 births
1954 deaths
Architects from Chicago
American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts
20th-century American architects

masks:
Edward Herbert Bennett
Bennett
Phoebe Apperson Hearst
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Howard Van
Bennett
Bennett
Harry T
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
. Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
. Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Bennett
Edward H
. Bennett
Edward Bennett
Edward Bennett
Bennett
Edward
Bennett
Edward
Bennett


texts:
<mask> (, born 22 January 1966) is a Ukrainian journalist, CEO and politician who is Ukraine's Minister of Culture and Information Policy since 4 June 2020. Prior to his Ministership <mask> was a Ukrainian media manager, journalist, producer and the long-term CEO of the 1+1 Media Group. <mask> won a parliamentary seat in the July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election with the party Servant of the People. Education
In 1990, <mask> graduated from the Faculty of Journalism of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. In 2016, he received a diploma from Harvard Business School according to the program “Business of Entertainment, Media, and Sports”. In 2018, he completed a study at INSEAD Business School in Singapore according to the program “Value Creation for Owners and Directors”. Management activities in the media
In 1994‒1999 — president of Nova Mova Television Company (production studio), which produced the TV programs “Epilogue” and “Faces of the World” for UT-1 and Inter TV channels.In December 1996, he, together with the whole team of “Epilogue”, moved to a new television and radio company “Studio 1+1”. The Television News Service (TSN), created by <mask>, was broadcast on January 1, 1997 with presenter Alla Mazur. At the same time, the “Epilogue” continued to appear on 1+1 TV Channel, and <mask> became deputy general producer of the channel. In December 1997, he left 1+1 TV Channel. In April 1999, he headed Novyi Kanal TV Channel, where he came by order of the then owner of the Russian Alfa Bank. Oleksandr reformatted and made competitive Reporter News Program, inviting some members of “Epilogue” team to it: Andriy Shevchenko, Ivanna Naida, Ihor Kulias. Under his leadership, in 2000, the channel entered the top three market leaders.From January 2000 to May 2001, he was an advisor to the Prime Minister of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko (on a voluntary basis). In 2003, he became the informal head of the so-called Pinchuk Holding (Novyi Kanal, ICTV, STB). In August 2004, he retired from responsibility of the holding head, and in January 2005, he left Novyi Kanal TV Channel. In 2005, he became the chairman of the management board and one of the shareholders of Odessa Film Studio CJSC, began to develop a chain of cinemas and cinema distribution. From March to May 2008, he worked in Moscow as the Deputy General Director of REN-TV Channel under a consulting agreement. He was engaged in content programming and TV viewing grid. Since August 2008, he has held a position of General Director of 1+1 Media Group, which includes such channels as: 1+1, 2+2, TET, PlusPlus, Curler, Unian-TV, 1+1 International and Ukraine Today, sales house Pluses and 1+1 company for the production of TV content.In April 2014, against the background of annexation of Crimea to Russia and the armed conflict in the east of Ukraine, he called the Ukrainian TV channels to abandon the broadcast of Russian TV serials about security forces. Later, he spoke in support of a bill banning Russian films and TV serials promoted by armed and law enforcement forces. On November 1, 2018, Russian sanctions were imposed against 322 citizens of Ukraine, including <mask> <mask>. On August 20, 2019, he went out of business and resigned as CEO of the 1 + 1 holding. Producer activity
He was a producer of “Song of Songs”, “House with a Tower”, “Vysotsky. Thank You for Being Alive”, “At the River”. Moreover, he was the producer of many popular TV serials, including “Milkmaid from Hatsapetovka”, “Tomorrow Will Be Tomorrow”, “Hope as a Confirmation of Life”, “Polka Dot Heaven” and many other.Journalistic activities
1988‒1991 — editor and presenter of the weekly television program “Youth Studio “Hart” on UT-1 Channel, the Ukrainian state television channel. 1991‒1994 — correspondent of the Ukrainian representative office of Reuters British News Agency in Kyiv. 1994 — he created the weekly informational and analytical television program “Epilogue” and became its presenter. In 1998‒1999, based on “Nova Mova” TC on the request of Inter TV Channel, he created the author's TV program in the format of interviews with international celebrities called “Faces of the World” for one television season. The guests of the “Faces” were Dalai Lama, Pinochet, Jean Chretien, Jacques Chirac and others. During the presidential elections of 2004, he conducted a televised debate between Viktor Yushchenko and Viktor Yanukovych. Since May 23, 2011, he had been broadcasting the TV show “Tkachenko.UA” on 1+1 Channel for several years running.Participation in the media market reformation
Since 2005, together with his ex-colleague Andrii Shevchenko, he became one of the activists of the creation of Public Television and Radio Broadcasting in Ukraine and one of the authors of the concept of creating Public Television (Public Broadcasting). Political career
<mask> took part in the July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election with the party Servant of the People. He was elected  to parliament under number 9 in election list of this party. (The party won 254 seats in the election.) On 29 August 2019 <mask> became Head of the Committee of the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's national parliament) on Humanitarian and Information Policy. He was also Head of the Group for Interparliamentary Relations with the Kingdom of Norway. On 4 June 2020 parliament  appointed <mask> Minister of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine.On 11 November 2021 <mask> handed over a resignation letter due to his disagreement of the decision of the Shmyhal Government to separate the Ukrainian State Film Agency from his Ministry of Culture and other (cultural) budget cuts. On 29 November 2021 Servant of the People faction leader Davyd Arakhamia claimed that the resignation of <mask> was avoided after a talk between <mask> and Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal; <mask> denied this and claimed he expected his resignation would be brought to parliament. In response to the destruction of the Ivankiv Historical and Local History Museum during the Battle of Ivankiv on 27 February 2022, and the loss of its collection of works by Maria Prymachenko, <mask>, requested that Russia be deprived of its UNESCO membership. Private life
Family

Children: daughters Oleksanra (1989) and Eva (2012), son Danylo (2015). Wife – Tkachenko Anna, former Head of 1+1 Digital and Innovations, from January 2021 - head of the digital department of  "Kyiv.live" and "Odessa.live" TV channels. In 1989-2009 he was married to Tetyana Gnedash, Ukrainian screenwriter and Art Forms Production's producer. Awards and achievements
In 2010, 2011, 2012, Oleksandr is among the TOP-200 of the most influential Ukrainians according to Focus Magazine rating.In 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, Oleksandr is among the TOP-100 of the most influential Ukrainians according to Focus Magazine rating. See also
 List of members of the parliament of Ukraine, 2019–24

References

External links

 Verkhovna Rada (in Ukrainian)

21st-century Ukrainian politicians
Living people
1966 births
Politicians from Kyiv
21st-century journalists
Journalists from Kyiv
Ukrainian television journalists
University of Kyiv, Journalism Institute alumni
Servant of the People (political party) politicians
Ninth convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada
Culture ministers of Ukraine
Information ministers of Ukraine

masks:
Oleksandr Vladyslavovych Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Oleksandr
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko
Tkachenko


texts:
<mask> (born 13 January 1985) is a professional footballer who plays for  club Middlesbrough and the Ivorian national team as a centre-back. <mask> started his career in his native France with Paris Saint-Germain, but failed to establish himself in their first team. He moved to Scotland to join Dunfermline Athletic in 2006, helping the club reach the final of the Scottish Cup in his first season. Two years later, he was transferred to Hibernian, before joining English side Leicester City in January 2011. He was sold to Turkish club Trabzonspor in 2012 for £750,000 before joining Palermo. However, he was loaned to Leeds United after making only one appearance in six months. He eventually joined Leeds on a permanent deal and was appointed club captain, spending a further year with the club before being released and subsequently joining Cardiff City.In his first full season with Cardiff, he helped the side win promotion to the Premier League. Born in France to Ivorian parents, <mask> represented Ivory Coast in the 2008 Olympic Games and became a regular for the senior national side until his most recent cap in 2014. In 2012, he was part of the side that reached the final of the Africa Cup of Nations. Club career

Paris Saint-Germain

<mask> began his career with Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain (PSG) at the age of 11. He had been spotted by club scouts playing street football in Paris but had initially turned the club down as his mother hoped for him to become a doctor. He lived with his parents Sehrata and Bakary <mask> in Ivry-sur-Seine, a suburb in central Paris. Since his family could not afford the travel to the club's training facilities outside the city, he moved away from his family home to instead live at the club's academy.Originally playing as a defensive midfielder, he converted to playing as a central defender at the age of 15 after impressing there as cover for a teammate who had missed a match due to being stuck in traffic. Despite impressing for PSG's youth and B teams, he only appeared in two first team games, in his final year at the club at the age of 21. Dissatisfied with his lack of appearances, <mask> asked to be sent out on loan to gain experience but was denied by manager, Vahid Halilhodžić, causing <mask> to reject PSG's offer of a new contract and subsequently leave the club. He later claimed that PSG had damaged potential transfers to other French sides after he left the club, stating "I was disappointed because my club said, 'He's a good player but he's a tough guy – he doesn't listen and he can get the team into trouble." Dunfermline Athletic
After an initial trial period, <mask> signed for Scottish Premier League side Dunfermline Athletic in July 2006 on a two-year contract. Jim Leishman later revealed that he had been intending to bring over another player from France on trial, but this deal fell through and <mask>'s agent sent him instead. Leishman was immediately impressed by <mask>'s physique and his performance as a trialist during a preseason friendly against West Bromwich Albion striker John Hartson.He made his competitive debut for the club in Dunfermline's opening league match of the season, a 2–1 defeat to Hearts. On 2 December 2006, <mask> was sent off for the first time in his professional career after pushing Steven Naismith in the chest during a 5–1 defeat to Kilmarnock. In his first season at the club, <mask> was part of the squad that reached the 2007 Scottish Cup Final and played in a 1–0 defeat to Celtic in the final. However, the club also suffered relegation from the Scottish Premier League after a seven-year spell in the division. <mask> signed a two-year contract extension at the start of the 2007–08 season. The extension brought an end to rumours of his desire to leave the club in order to play at a higher level and further his chances of breaking into the Ivory Coast national side, having not played in any of Dunfermline's preseason matches. <mask> was allowed to go on trial with Championship side Watford in July 2008, appearing in a friendly for them against Boreham Wood.Soon afterwards, manager Jim McIntyre said he expected a fee to be agreed between Dunfermline and Watford, which would allow <mask> to move to the Championship side. The deal was thought to be almost complete, with Watford sending a doctor to China, where <mask> had travelled with the Ivory Coast Olympic squad, to conduct his medical. However, Watford later pulled out for unknown reasons. A few weeks later, Dunfermline accepted offers of £50,000 for <mask> to move to either Hibernian and Motherwell, keeping him in the Scottish Premier League. Hibernian
Bamba chose to move to Hibernian, signing a three-year contract with the club. As part of the transfer deal, Dunfermline were due 10% of any future transfer fee. He was sent off on his debut for a second bookable offence against Dundee United, but <mask> subsequently established himself in the Hibs first team.Despite being a natural centre back, manager Mixu Paatelainen praised <mask>'s performance as a defensive midfielder during a 2–0 win over Celtic in December 2008. Paatelainen commented further that he believed Bamba had improved as a player since his spell at Dunfermline, with him no longer going to ground when making a challenge, and described him as possessing "tremendous pace and physical presence." <mask> quickly became a popular player with the Hibs support due to his tough and committed tackling in this new role. Following Paatelainen's departure, new manager John Hughes moved <mask> back to a central defensive role after the departure of Rob Jones in the 2009 season. In his second match in this position, <mask> scored his first ever professional goal in a 3–1 win against Falkirk on 22 August, heading in from a John Rankin corner. Coincidentally, he scored his second goal for the club at the same ground against the same team and in another 3–1 win, on 27 March. The Edinburgh Evening News reported on 8 May 2010 that <mask>'s performances had "not gone unnoticed", with scouts from Fulham and Rennes due to watch Bamba.Sven-Göran Eriksson, the new manager of the Ivorian national team, was also due to watch Bamba ahead of the 2010 World Cup, but was not spotted at the last game played by Hibs in the 2009–10 season. Bamba angered manager John Hughes when he failed to report for a pre-season tour of the Netherlands in July 2010. <mask> responded angrily to the criticism by claiming that he needed a full three weeks off after returning from the World Cup and had attempted to contact both Hughes and Hibernian's chairman to discuss the situation, but Hughes dropped <mask> from the first team squad when he eventually returned to Edinburgh. <mask> was made to train with the club's youth team on his return but was recalled for the second leg of a UEFA Europa League tie with NK Maribor at Easter Road, which Hibs lost 3–2 on the night and 6–2 on aggregate. Following the incident, manager Hughes stated his desire for the situation to be forgotten. During his time with Hibs, he made 80 appearances in all competitions, scoring four times. Leicester City

With <mask>'s contract with Hibs due to expire at the end of the 2010–11 season, the club agreed on a deal with Football League Championship club Leicester City for his transfer.The deal was confirmed on 2 January 2011, with <mask> joining for an undisclosed fee midway through the season, although sources placed the figure around £250,000 with Hibs also due to receive a percentage of any future transfer fee. He was reunited at Leicester with his former Ivory Coast manager, Sven-Göran Eriksson. He made his debut for the club in a 2–2 draw against Manchester City on 9 January in the third round of the FA Cup, scoring with his first touch of the ball. He scored his first two league goals in a 4–2 win over Millwall on 22 January. After speculation linking him with several Premier League sides, including Blackburn Rovers, and French side Marseille during the 2011 summer transfer window, <mask> signed a new contract with Leicester in September 2011. During negotiations, Eriksson compared <mask>'s style of play to that of former German international player Franz Beckenbauer. Blackburn manager Steve Kean had claimed that the two clubs had made a bid for <mask> and described the move as being "quite close" to being completed.After Eriksson was replaced by Nigel Pearson as Leicester manager, <mask> played less regularly, particularly after January when the club signed Wes Morgan and <mask> missed a month to play in the African Cup of Nations with Ivory Coast. In his 17 months at the club, in total he played 55 games for the club in all competitions, scoring four goals. He later expressed his regret at leaving the club, stating his belief in Pearson's ability to help them win promotion to the Premier League. Trabzonspor

Bamba signed for Turkish club Trabzonspor in June 2012 for a fee of £750,000 after being recommended to the club by his international teammate Didier Zokora. He made his debut for the club on 26 August 2012 playing the full 90 minutes, in a 2–0 victory at home to Elazigspor. He only made 18 appearances during his first season at the club, missing a proportion of fixtures in December and January in part because he was away with Ivory Coast as they qualified for the 2013 African Cup of Nations. During the 2013–14 season, <mask> made 15 appearances for Trabzonspor in the first half of the season, including being a regular starter in their Europa League campaign.However, on 22 January 2014, he picked up an ankle injury which ruled him out for the majority of the latter part of the season. <mask> was not selected to play for Tranzonspor again after suffering the injury, however he recovered in time to play for Ivory Coast at the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Palermo
On 26 August 2014, after having been released by Trabzonspor, <mask> agreed a three-year deal with newly promoted Serie A club Palermo. He made his Palermo debut on 24 September 2014, when he started the match for Palermo in a 3–3 draw against Napoli. However, he made no further appearances for the club. After leaving the club, he expressed his confusion over not playing more for Palermo, commenting "The manager would say ‘you’re not far off, keep doing what you’re doing and you’ll be playing.’ Well, after one month then two, three and four you start to get worried." Leeds United
On 23 January 2015, less than six months into his Palermo contract, <mask> was loaned to Championship side Leeds United for the remainder of the season, with the possibility of making the transfer permanent at a later date.He made his debut for Leeds in a 2–1 West Yorkshire derby win over Huddersfield Town a week later. Less than a month after joining the side, <mask> was named captain for three games in place of Liam Cooper. In particular, he served as captain when Leeds beat the then league leaders Middlesbrough 1–0, with <mask> receiving praise for his performance. <mask> scored his first goal for Leeds against Fulham in a 3–0 away victory in March. After impressing during his time at Leeds, <mask> revealed his desire to join the club on a permanent basis. However, he was also outspoken towards the club's owner Massimo Cellino advising "the person in charge has to do better for the sake of the club and the supporters". In June, Leeds arranged with <mask>'s club Palermo to sign him on a permanent basis for an undisclosed fee.The deal was for two years with the

masks:
Souleymane Bamba
Bamba
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 option for a third year. New Leeds United head coach Uwe Rösler described <mask> as "a match-winner in both boxes", and said that "he brings fantastic qualities with him" and "he can be a leader by himself for the young team he is working with". In the offseason, <mask> was appointed captain of Leeds by head coach Uwe Rösler, taking over from previous captain Liam Cooper. <mask> received the man of the match award in a 1–1 draw against Burnley in the league on the opening day of the season. <mask> scored a "stunning" long range volley against Wolverhampton Wanderers in a 2–1 win late in the season. At the end of the 2015–16 season, <mask> was again critical of Leeds owner Cellino, calling on him to put 'promises to action'. He revealed the players were unaware if head coach Steve Evans would be retained for the following 2016–17 season, that the players were unaware of when to return for pre season training and they were told they would find out 'by text' when Cellino had made a decision.Nonetheless, new head coach Garry Monk announced <mask> would remain as Leeds captain for the 2016–17 season. On 7 August, <mask> scored an own goal against Queens Park Rangers in a 3–0 defeat in the opening match of the season and was subsequently dropped from the side, falling behind Kyle Bartley, Liam Cooper and Pontus Jansson in the pecking order. On 1 September 2016, <mask>, despite being Leeds' captain, was released by the club. His contract was cancelled by mutual consent following the close of the transfer window the previous day. The decision was made after Monk informed him that he would no longer be first choice at the club. Cardiff City

Following his release, <mask> trained with Derby County who were managed by his former Leicester boss Nigel Pearson but was not offered a deal. He instead joined Neil Warnock at Cardiff City in October 2016, signing a two-year contract.Warnock had long been keen on signing <mask> at previous clubs and had contacted him a month before the move, when both were without a club, and urged him to wait for Warnock's appointment at a new club to join him there. He made his debut for the club in a Severnside derby match against Bristol City on 14 October, scoring the winning goal as the Bluebirds won 2–1. His performances for Cardiff led manager Warnock to declare that "I wouldn't want anyone else. I don't think there's anyone better." <mask> received his first red card in seven years against Ipswich Town in December, following a scuffle with forward, David McGoldrick. After receiving the red card, <mask> clashed with the fourth official before being physically restrained by Warnock and leaving the pitch. His reaction led to a three match ban.In April, <mask> suffered a groin injury against Barnsley, which ended his season prematurely. <mask> returned to the squad at the beginning of the 2017–18 season, helping Cardiff win their three opening games of the season, for the first time in their history. He signed a new three-year contract on 25 August 2017, following it up by heading in the winner against Queens Park Rangers the next day. He went on to help the club win promotion to the Premier League after finishing the season in second place. He was ever present in the league, appearing in all 46 league matches, and was named in the PFA Championship Team of the Year. He made his debut in the Premier League in Cardiff's first match of the 2018–19 season, a 2–0 defeat to AFC Bournemouth, before scoring his first goal in the top division in a 4–1 defeat to Chelsea in September 2018. <mask> scored a further 3 goals during the season, including in wins against Brighton & Hove Albion and Southampton.Having missed only one match during the course of the season, he was ruled out for the remainder of the campaign after rupturing his cruciate knee ligaments in a defeat against Wolverhampton Wanderers on 5 March 2019. In July 2019 it was revealed that <mask> would miss the start of the 2019–20 season due to injury. Middlesbrough

Bamba was re-united with former manager Neil Warnock after joining Middlesbrough on a one-year contract on 10 August 2021. He made his first start for the club 1 day later in a 3-0 defeat away to Blackpool in the Carabao Cup. His first league start came in a 2-0 defeat away to Coventry City on 11 September 2021. <mask> won the Sky Bet Man of the Match award for his performance in a 2-0 victory against his former club Cardiff City on 23 October 2021. On 4 February 2022, <mask> was subbed on in the 28th minute of extra time in Middlesbrough's FA Cup tie against Manchester United.Upon the game going to penalties, he took and converted Middlesbrough's 5th spot kick and ultimately allowed the Boro to progress to the fifth round of the tournament for the first time since 2015.

International career
Although born in France, <mask> represents his parents' nation of Ivory Coast. He featured in the 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship, the 2005 African Youth Championship and the 2008 Toulon Tournament. <mask> was part of the Ivory Coast squad that reached the quarter-finals of the 2008 Olympic Games. <mask> won his first cap at full international level for Ivory Coast in a 2008 friendly match against Israel, and his second cap as a late substitute in a friendly against Turkey. <mask> made his competitive debut in a 5–0 win against Malawi in a 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying match, again as a late substitute. This match was played in the aftermath of the Houphouët-Boigny Arena stampede, which killed dozens of Ivorian spectators. <mask> became a regular in the national team as they qualified for the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations and the 2010 FIFA World Cup.<mask> scored his first goal for the team in a friendly against Rwanda, as part of the squad's preparation for the 2010 African Cup. He played in all of Ivory Coast's matches at the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations, but the team suffered a quarter-final defeat to Algeria after extra time. The "uneasy" central defensive partnership between Kolo Touré and <mask> was cited as one of the reasons for their defeat. The tournament had been played in the shadow of the shooting of the Togo team bus, however, with death threats also being made against the Ivory Coast team. Manager Vahid Halilhodžić, who had worked with <mask> at PSG and given him his first appearances at club and international level, was sacked after the tournament. The new Ivorian coach, Sven-Göran Eriksson, selected <mask> in his provisional 30-man squad for the 2010 World Cup on 11 May. <mask> scored in Eriksson's first match in charge, a 2–2 draw with Paraguay.<mask> was selected in the Ivory Coast's 23-man World Cup squad, but was dropped from the starting lineup, with midfielder Didier Zokora chosen to partner with Kolo Touré in central defence. <mask> resumed his partnership with Touré in the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations. Ivory Coast did not concede a goal during the entire tournament, but lost the final against Zambia on a penalty shootout. At the 2014 FIFA World Cup, <mask> played in central defence alongside Zokora after Toure contracted malaria in the period before the tournament. <mask> was booked in the first match, which Ivory Coast won 2–1 against Japan. Ivory Coast were eliminated at the group stage after suffering 2–1 defeats against both Colombia and Greece. <mask> was called up to the squad for 10 September 2014 fixture against Cameroon, however on 29 December 2014 he was a surprising omission from the Ivory Coast squad for the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations.Although he has not retired from international football, he has not appeared for the side since 2014. Style of play

Chiefly a centre-back, <mask> played as a defensive midfielder during his emergence at Paris SG, before becoming a centre-back at age 15. He has sporadically played in the midfield since then, most successfully for Mixu Paatelainen at Hibs. Jim Leishman, who signed <mask> at Dunfermline Athletic, said of his former charge in 2010: "He's certainly got the physique and he's got the potential to do it. But potential sometimes passes you by, it's all about going out and doing it. He's a great runner, he's as strong as an ox, and he's a strong tackler." Sky Sports Soriebah Kajue in September 2011 said Bamba "established himself as a rock at the heart of the Foxes defence and has produced a level of consistency this year that has simply been outstanding", paying tribute to "Bamba's burgeoning reputation as a ball-playing defender".Sven-Göran Eriksson, who managed Bamba at club level for Leicester City and internationally for the Ivory Coast, compared the defender with Franz Beckenbauer. Cardiff manager Neil Warnock regularly told Bamba "Don’t be Beckenbauer. Just kick or head it. When it’s on, pass it, but if it’s not on, just put it up there," and in December 2017 Warnock branded Bamba and fellow Cardiff centre-half Sean Morrison as better than Virgil van Dijk. Bamba's favourite players growing up were Lilian Thuram and George Weah. Personal life
Bamba met his English wife Chloe while playing for Leicester. They have three children together.He also has a son called Jaxxson Shields from a previous relationship with a Scottish woman. <mask> is multilingual, being able to speak English, French, Italian, Turkish and "the Ivorian dialect that his father used at home". In 2021, he was diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and began undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Four months later in May 2021, he announced that he was cancer-free. Career statistics

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International

HonoursDunfermline Athletic
Scottish Cup runner-up: 2006–07Cardiff CityEFL Championship runner-up: 2017–18Ivory CoastAfrica Cup of Nations runner-up: 2012Individual'
PFA Team of the Year: 2017–18 Championship
Leeds United Player of the Month: August 2015

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Paris
French footballers
Citizens of Ivory Coast through descent
Ivorian footballers
Ivory Coast under-20 international footballers
Ivory Coast international footballers
Association football defenders
Association football midfielders
Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players
Dunfermline Athletic F.C. players
Hibernian F.C.players
Leicester City F.C. players
Trabzonspor footballers
Palermo F.C. players
Leeds United F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Middlesbrough F.C. players
Ligue 1 players
English Football League players
Scottish Premier League players
Scottish Football League players
Süper Lig players
Serie A players
Premier League players
2010 Africa Cup of Nations players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2012 Africa Cup of Nations players
2013 Africa Cup of Nations players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
Olympic footballers of Ivory Coast
Footballers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
French expatriate footballers
Ivorian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in Italy
Expatriate footballers in Scotland
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Expatriate footballers in Wales
French expatriate sportspeople in England
French expatriate sportspeople in Italy
French expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
French expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
French expatriate sportspeople in Wales
Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in England
Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Ivorian expatriate sportspeople in Wales
French sportspeople of Ivorian descent
People from Ivry-sur-Seine
Middlesbrough F.C. non-playing staff
Association football

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<mask> is an author, patient safety advocate, and president/co-founder of the Josie King Foundation. Her 18-month old daughter, Josie, died at Johns Hopkins Bayview Hospital of dehydration due to medical error after being hospitalized for second-degree burns. Following a financial settlement from Johns Hopkins, <mask> started the Josie King Foundation and wrote a novel about her experience entitled Josie's Story: A Mother's Inspiring Crusade to Make Medical Care Safe. Biography
<mask> had four children: Jack, Eva, Relly, and Josie. She attended the University of Colorado where she met her husband and father of her children, Tony. The family originally lived in Richmond, Virginia before moving to Baltimore County for her husband's job as a stock-trader at Wachovia Securities. <mask> originally worked as a designer.She successfully started a women's clothing line that was sold at Barney's and Saks Fifth Avenue, among others. After her daughter's death, she became an author and internationally-recognized patient safety advocate. She was founder and President of the Josie King Foundation. In 2008, she was awarded the PPAG Advocacy Award from the Pediatric Pharmacy Association for her advocacy work. Backstory
On January 23, 2001, <mask> (18 months old) suffered an accident in a hot bath she accidentally drew for herself, which resulted in second-degree burns on 60% of her body. <mask> <mask> called an ambulance that took her to Johns Hopkins Hospital Bayview Center. Her daughter was treated with skin grafts, intravenous fluids, and pain medications.Her daughter improved rapidly and was moved to the Intermediate Care Unit. Although her vital signs were normal and her burns continued healing, she developed a high fever, vomiting, and diarrhea. The blood, stool, and urine tests the doctors conducted came back with no indication of another underlying illness. The doctors decided her central line, through which her fluids were being administered, could have an infection and subsequently removed it. Her daughter's condition worsened. Josie began to suck on the washcloth when given her bath and at night, her eyes began rolling back into her head. <mask> attempted to give her daughter fluids but the nurse warned against it and explained that her vital signs were normal.<mask> asked for a physician to come see her daughter and her request was denied. <mask> returned to the hospital at 5:30 A.M. and found her daughter in worse condition. The doctors gave Josie a shot of Narcan and ordered that no more narcotics be administered. Josie immediately began recovering. The narcotics team worried that Josie would experience withdrawal and suggested that a smaller dose of narcotic should be administered. The surgeons on duty were consulted and it was agreed that a dose would be administered, despite <mask>’s concerns. The nurse explained to <mask> that the order had been changed, and the nurse administered a shot of methadone.<mask>'s daughter's condition worsened until she was rushed to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit where she suffered a cardiac arrest as well as extensive brain damage after her heart stopped. Despite revival efforts, <mask> passed away that evening of February 22, 2001. An investigation from the hospital concluded that <mask>'s cardiac arrest was caused by severe dehydration and that the warning signs -- diarrhea, extreme thirst, weight loss, etc. -- had not been taken into account in Josie's case. Impact

Josie King Foundation
Johns Hopkins Hospital accepted full responsibility for the death of <mask> and offered the family a financial settlement. Dr. Peter J. Pronovost, a Johns Hopkins physician whose father had died due to medical errors, allied with <mask> <mask> and helped her establish her foundation as well as implement the Josie King Patient Safety program at Johns Hopkins. <mask> <mask> funded the program with $50,000 of her initial financial settlement, and then raised $200,00 more through her foundation.The program at Johns Hopkins hoped to revitalize the hospital's medical training with improved patient safety standards and a commitment to reducing and reporting medical errors. The Josie King Foundation's main goal was to prevent harm to patients from medical errors. The foundation promoted speaking appearances, safety training programs, community outreach, among others. The foundation started the Josie King Hero Awards Program, which rewards any member of hospital staff that acknowledged, reported, or prevented a medical error. A video of <mask> <mask>'s speaking appearance at an Institute of Healthcare Improvement (IHI) meeting was shared internationally to hundreds of hospitals and healthcare organizations. In the speech, <mask> recounts the story of her daughter and suggested that parents should be able to call on the rapid response team if the patient's condition seems to worsen. Following this speech, and with support from the foundation, Condition H was implemented at UPMC-Shadyside Hospital.Condition H, where the H stands for help, is an established protocol that will enable patients, their families, or their visitors to initiate a rapid response call if there is perceived danger to the patient's health. This protocol was then implemented in hospitals throughout the nation. Novel
Josie's Story: A Mother's Inspiring Crusade to Make Medical Care Safe is an autobiographical novel written by <mask> <mask> published by Grove Atlantic in 2009. Her novel was named one of the Best Health Books of 2009 by the Wall Street Journal, and nominated for a "Books for a Better life" Award from the Multiple Sclerosis Society. Josie King Act
In 2004, Representative Patrick J. Kennedy introduced the Josie King Act (also referred to as the Quality, Efficiency, Standards and Technology for Health Care Transformation Act of 2004, or the QUEST Act), which was intended to improve sharing and distribution of secure medical information between healthcare providers and patients on a national level. The bill died without receiving a vote in the 108th Congress. Media appearances
<mask> <mask> made appearances on Good Morning America and NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw as well as in an article entitled “Fixing Hospitals in 2005.” for Forbes magazine.References

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<mask>  (born 15 February 1959) is a New Zealand writer. She has authored several novels for both adults and teenagers, autobiographical novellas, and a collection of essays. One of her best-known works is The Vintner's Luck (1998), which won several awards, has been published in ten languages, and was made into a film of the same name by Niki Caro in 2009. <mask> is also known for her young adult literary fantasy series, Dreamhunter Duet. Her most recent novels are Mortal Fire and Wake, both published in 2013, and The Absolute Book, published in 2019. Early life
<mask> was born in Wellington, New Zealand. She and her two sisters were raised by atheist parents in a household where religion was often debated.They spent their childhood living in various small suburbs of Wellington, including Pomare, Wadestown, Waikanae and Paremata. She went to high school at Tawa College, and later published a trilogy of novellas that were influenced by her childhood experiences of living in and around Wellington. <mask> enjoyed inventing stories as a child, and was an avid reader, but had difficulties with writing because she was slightly dyslexic. When she was eleven she created an oral narrative history with her younger sister Sara and its characters and plot evolved based on their input along with the input of their older sister, Mary, and their friend, Carol. It became an elaborate imaginary world with many characters, intricate plot lines, and involvements. When she was sixteen, <mask>'s father overheard a discussion between her, her sisters, and Carol regarding the consequences of a secret treaty set in their imaginary world and remarked that he hoped they were writing this down. Following this, they all tried "writing stories about, letters between, and poems by their characters" and <mask> enjoyed it so much that she decided she would like to be a writer.Career

Early career: 1983–1997
In 1983, when <mask> was 24, she started a degree in English Literature at Victoria University of Wellington. A year later, she started work on After Z-Hour in Bill Manhire's Original Composition course at Victoria. The novel is about the ghost of a World War I soldier, and it was inspired by a childhood memory; at age eleven <mask> fell from a walnut tree on Anzac Day, and while in the hospital she overheard a conversation between an older man and her father about Passchendaele and life on the Salient in 1917. Bill Manhire encouraged her to write her novel, and told her he would be more interested in seeing her complete it, than her degree. After Z-Hour was published in 1987 by Victoria University Press, and <mask> graduated from Victoria University of Wellington the same year. She was also awarded the ICI Young Writers Bursary award that year. In 1988 <mask>, Fergus Barrowman, Nigel Cox, and Damien Wilkins, with the help of Bill Manhire, Alan Preston and Andrew Mason, co-founded the literary journal Sport.<mask> was one of its editors and has been a frequent contributor to the magazine. Her second and third novels, Treasure (1992) and Glamour and the Sea (1996), were both set in Wellington; the former was about a religious community while the latter was a mystery novel set in the 1940s. Alongside these novels, <mask> also wrote a trilogy of novellas based on her own experiences growing up in Wellington: Paremata (1989), Pomare (1994), and Tawa (1998), later published in the compilation The High Jump: A New Zealand Childhood (2000). She was the recipient of the Victoria University of Wellington Writing Fellowship in 1997. The Vintner's Luck and other work: 1998–2010

<mask>'s fourth full-length novel, The Vintner's Luck, was published in 1998, and was her first book to be published outside New Zealand. It chronicles the life of a peasant winemaker, Sobran Jodeau, and his relationship with the fallen angel Xas. The novel is set in 19th-century Burgundy, France, and spans 55 years.It was inspired by a feverish dream experienced by <mask> when she had pneumonia. The Vintner's Luck won <mask> widespread critical acclaim and numerous awards, and it raised her profile within New Zealand and overseas. It sold over 60,000 copies in New Zealand alone and in 2018, readers of The Spinoff voted it as the best New Zealand novel of the last 50 years. After the success of The Vintner's Luck, and spending part of 1999 in Menton, France as the recipient of the Meridian Energy Katherine Mansfield Memorial Fellowship, three novels by <mask> were published in quick succession: Black Oxen (2001), Billie's Kiss (2002), and Daylight (2003). In 2002, <mask> was appointed an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2002 Queen's Birthday and Golden Jubilee Honours, for services to literature. <mask>'s first young adult books, Dreamhunter and Dreamquake, were published in 2005 and 2007 respectively, as the Dreamhunter Duet series. Jolisa Gracewood, reviewing Dreamquake, described the book as a "Mansfield-meets-Mahy fantasy" and praised <mask> for her audacious imagination and ingeniously constructed tales.In 2008, she published a collection of non-fiction, The Love School: Personal Essays, which was shortlisted in the 2009 Montana New Zealand Book Awards. Since 2013 a quotation from The Love School has been featured on a concrete plaque forming part of the Wellington Writers Walk, a series of quotations installed along the Wellington waterfront. In 2009 the film adaptation of The Vintner's Luck directed and co-written by Niki Caro was released. The film was almost universally panned at the 34th Annual Toronto International Film Festival. <mask> was disappointed at the direction the movie took as she felt Caro "took out what the book was actually about", referring to the romantic relationship between Sobran and Xas which was a core aspect of the novel. Her sister Sara, who is gay, was also upset about the film version. <mask>'s bad experience with the film made her pull out of a potential film contract with New Zealand filmmaker Jonathan King for her young adult fantasy series, The Dreamhunter Duet.That same year, <mask> published The Angel's Cut, a sequel to The Vintner's Luck. The story follows the tale of Xas after the events of the first book and is set in 1930s Hollywood. At the time she said that she was intending to write a third book in the series, The Angel's Reserve, set in contemporary times, but as of 2020 it has not yet been published. Later career
In 2013, Mortal Fire was published, a young adult novel described by Paula Green as "a modern fairy story without fairies, full of breathtaking magic and visual detail", and Wake, a horror novel for adults. The Guardian said in its review: "<mask> keeps the monster off stage and examines the psychological consequences of its depredations on the survivors, subverting the norms of the horror genre and thus making the ambiguous finale all the more startling." The publication of both books in the same year caused some confusion, with New Zealand bookstore Whitcoulls inadvertently shelving Wake in the children's section and listing it as a "great gift for kids". Since 2016, <mask> has taught a world-building writing workshop at Victoria University.In 2019, The Absolute Book was published, a fantasy novel that won critical acclaim both in New Zealand and overseas. The book attracted particular attention after a January 2020 book review by Slate writer Dan Kois headlined "This New Zealand Fantasy Masterpiece Needs to Be Published in America, Like, Now". The book was subsequently acquired by overseas publishers. It was published in the US and Canada in February 2021, and in the UK in March 2021. Kirkus Reviews wrote: "This darkly luminous fantasy reads like a mystery, thoroughly and wonderfully transporting readers to another world." The Times described the novel as "bursting with imagination" and "a bewitching, frustrating, strange and perverse novel". Nina Allan, reviewing the novel for The Guardian, said it "has the feel of an instant classic" and "is everything fantasy should be: original, magical, well read".She praised the diverse characters and the book's "genuine feeling of jeopardy". It was listed as one of the best science fiction and fantasy books of 2021 by The New York Times. In June 2020, <mask> was promoted to Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to literature, in the 2020 Queen's Birthday Honours. She said that on receiving the award her first thought was that her parents would have been amused, given her lack of writing ability as a child. Honours and awards

Fellowships and honours
 Writer in Residence at Victoria University of Wellington in 1997
 Recipient of Meridian Energy Katherine Mansfield Memorial Fellowship, 1999, to enable an NZ author to work in Menton, France
 Recipient of Arts Foundation of New Zealand Laureate Award in 2000
 Appointed an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2002 Queen's Birthday and Golden Jubilee Honours, for services to literature
 Recipient of Creative New Zealand Michael King Writer's Fellowship in 2014
 Recipient of Prime Minister's Award for Literary Achievement in Fiction, 2019
Awarded an honorary Doctorate of Literature from Victoria University of Wellington in 2020. They have a son, Jack Barrowman. Barrowman and <mask> met when he was involved in publishing her first book, After Z-Hour (1987).Selected works
 After Z-Hour (1987)
 Paremata (1989)
 Treasure (1992)
 Pomare (1994)
 Glamour and the Sea (1996)
 Tawa (1998)
 The Vintner's Luck (1998)
 The High Jump (2000)
 Black Oxen (2001)
 Billie's Kiss (2002)
 Daylight (2003)
 Dreamhunter (Book 1 of the Dreamhunter Duet) (2005)
 Dreamquake (Book 2 of the Dreamhunter Duet) (2007)
 The Love School (essays) (2008)
 The Invisible Road (2008)
 The Angel's Cut (Sequel to The Vintner's Luck) (2009)
 Mortal Fire (2013)
 Wake (2013)
 The Absolute Book (2019)

References

External links
 Official website
 Biography on the Read NZ website
 Biography on Macmillan Books website
 Profile on The Arts Foundation website
 Biography on HarperCollins website
 Bibliography in the Auckland University Library's New Zealand Literature File website
 All works published at the NZETC website

1959 births
Living people
New Zealand women novelists
Companions of the New Zealand Order of Merit
Victoria University of Wellington alumni
20th-century New Zealand novelists
21st-century New Zealand novelists
21st-century New Zealand women writers
20th-century New Zealand women writers
Women horror writers
People educated at Tawa College

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