texts:
James Dover Grant  (born 29 October 1954), primarily known by his pen name <mask>, is a British author who writes thriller novels, and is best known for his Jack Reacher novel series. The books follow the adventures of a former American military policeman, Jack Reacher, who wanders the United States. His first novel, Killing Floor (1997), won both the Anthony Award and the Barry Award for Best First Novel. Early life and education
Grant was born in Coventry. His Northern Irish father, who was born in Belfast, was a civil servant who lived in the house where the singer Van Morrison was later born. He is the second of four sons; his younger brother, Andrew Grant, is also a thriller novelist. Grant's family relocated to Handsworth Wood in Birmingham when he was four years old so that the boys could receive a better education.Grant attended Cherry Orchard Primary School in Handsworth Wood until the age of 11. He attended King Edward's School, Birmingham. In 1974, at the age of 20, Grant studied law at University of Sheffield, though he had no intention of entering the legal profession and, during his student days, worked backstage in a theatre. After graduating, he worked in commercial television. He received a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) Degree from the University of Sheffield in 1977 and returned to the University to receive an Honorary Doctor of Letters (DLitt) in 2009. Career

Television production career

Grant joined Granada Television, part of the UK's ITV Network, in Manchester as a presentation director. There he was involved with shows including Brideshead Revisited, The Jewel in the Crown, Prime Suspect, and Cracker.Grant was involved in the transmission of more than 40,000 hours of programming for Granada, writing thousands of commercials and news stories. He worked at Granada from 1977 to 1995 and ended his career there with two years as a trade union shop steward. Writing career
After being made redundant from his job because of corporate restructuring, Grant decided to start writing novels, stating they are "the purest form of entertainment." In 1997, his first novel, Killing Floor, was published, and he moved to the United States in the summer of 1998. He starts each new book of the series on an anniversary of his starting the first book after losing his job. His pen name "<mask>" comes from a family joke about a heard mispronunciation of the name of Renault's Le Car, as "<mask> Car". Calling anything "<mask>" became a family gag.His daughter, Ruth, was "lee child". "<mask>" places his books alphabetically on bookstore and library shelves between crime fiction greats Raymond Chandler and Agatha Christie. Grant has said that he chose the name Reacher for the central character in his novels because he himself is tall and when they were grocery shopping his wife Jane remarked: "'Hey, if this writing thing doesn't pan out, you could always be a reacher in a supermarket.' ... 'I thought, Reacher – good name.'" Some books in the Jack Reacher series are written in the first person, while others are written in the third person. Grant has characterised the books as revenge stories – "Somebody does a very bad thing, and Reacher takes revenge" – driven by his anger at the downsizing at Granada. Although English, he deliberately chose to write American-style thrillers.In 2007, Grant collaborated with 14 other writers to create the 17-part serial thriller The Chopin Manuscript, narrated by Alfred Molina. This was broadcast weekly on Audible.com between 25 September 2007 and 13 November 2007. On 30 June 2008, it was announced that Grant would be taking up a Visiting Professorship at the University of Sheffield from November 2008. In 2009, Grant funded 52 Jack Reacher scholarships for students at the university. Grant was elected president of the Mystery Writers of America in 2009. Grant was the Programming Chair for the Theakstons Old Peculier Crime Writing Festival in 2018, part of the Harrogate International Festivals portfolio. In 2019, it was announced that <mask> would be curating a new TV show called <mask>: True Crime.The show will dramatise real-life crime stories from around the world and focus on average people who go to extraordinary lengths to fight crime or seek justice. In January 2020, <mask> announced that he would be retiring from writing the Jack Reacher book series, and hand it to his brother Andrew Grant, who would write further books of the series under the surname <mask>. He intended to write the next few books together with Grant before passing the series entirely over to him. Writing style
Grant's prose has been described as "hardboiled" and "commercial" in style. A 2012 interview suggested that many aspects of the Jack Reacher novels were deliberately aimed at maintaining the books' profitability, rather than for literary reasons. For instance, making Jack Reacher have one parent who was French was suggested as being partly because the presence of only American members of Reacher's family would limit the series's appeal in France. The same interview stated that Grant "didn't apologise about the commercial nature" of his fiction.Other activities
In 2020 <mask> joined the Booker Prize judging panel, alongside Margaret Busby (chair), Sameer Rahim, Lemn Sissay and Emily Wilson. Philanthropy
In January 2012, Grant donated £10,000 (about US$16,000 at the time) towards a new vehicle for Brecon Mountain Rescue Team in Wales. His brother is a senior member of the team. The team's former control vehicle was written off after a collision in 2011. Grant is an annual sponsor and original member of ThrillerFest. Personal life
Grant married his wife Jane in 1975. Since 1998 they have resided in New York state.They have a daughter, Ruth. Grant is a fan of Aston Villa Football Club and has been known to include the names of Aston Villa players in his books. In 2013, the Daily Mail quoted Grant saying that he writes while intoxicated ("high") by cannabis. However, in a phone interview in November 2013, he clarified his comments to the Irish Examiner, saying he's never written while high. "Yeah, that's true", <mask> told The Post-Standard. "I mean, people say to me, 'There was that story in the newspaper,' and I say, 'No, that's The Daily Mail.' In Britain, that's not a newspaper, you know, that's a scandal sheet where they make stuff up.It's not very reliable. And certainly, I don't deny smoking the occasional joint, but I don't work when I'm stoned because you don't get much done that way." Works

Novels

Jack Reacher series:

Note: For consistency, ISBN is that of the Bantam (UK) hardcover, first printing only. ^ by <mask> and <mask>

Non-fiction

 The Hero, Publication: London: TLS Books, 2019 . An American thriller film starring Tom Cruise. Grant made a cameo appearance as a police desk sergeant in the film. Jack Reacher: Never Go Back (2016), film directed by Edward Zwick, and written by Richard Wenk, Zwick, and Marshall Herskovitz, based on novel Never Go Back.With Tom Cruise reprising the role. In the film, the final scene is set in New Orleans, which was not a location in the book. The author approved this addition to help the New Orleans economy. In the film, Grant made a cameo appearance as a TSA agent. In the bonus footage on the Blu-ray disc, <mask> explained that in both films, his cameo appearance involves passing judgment on the character of Jack Reacher, and speculated that he will repeat these type of appearances in future Jack Reacher movies. Reacher (2022), an Amazon Prime series starring Alan Ritchson. In the series, Grant can be seen in the last chapter as a man walking out of the diner before Reacher speaks to Finlay and eats a piece of peach pie.Awards

Awards of novels

Honorary degrees

<mask> has received honorary degrees from several universities. These include:

Other awards

Honours

Grant was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours List for services to literature. References

External links

Official website, featuring <mask>'s blog, forum, bibliography and excerpts
<mask>'s books from U.S. Publisher Bantam <mask> <mask> at the Internet Book List
Interview with <mask> at readingandwritingpodcast.com

"<mask>'s heaven and hell", Daily Telegraph, 14 July 2007
"<mask> on creating Jack Reacher", The Times, 25 August 2012. 1954 births
Living people
People from Coventry
English thriller writers
English crime fiction writers
People educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham
Alumni of the University of Sheffield
People from Birmingham, West Midlands
21st-century British novelists
Nero Award winners
English people of Irish descent
British people of Irish descent
Anthony Award winners
Barry Award winners
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Cartier Diamond Dagger winners

masks:
Lee Child
Lee
Lee
Lee
Child
Child
Lee Child
Child
Child
Child
Child
Lee Child
Andrew Child
Child
Child
Lee Child
Lee Child
Dell Lee
Child
Lee Child
Lee Child
Lee Child


type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 1969 in Beverwijk, Netherlands) is an artist and educator working in a variety of media, including film and installation. He investigates the production, contextualization and interpretation of images. Appropriations and collaborations are fundamental to De Rooij's artistic method and his projects have stimulated new research in art history and ethnography. Biography
<mask>j studied art history at the University of Amsterdam (1989–1990), and art at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie (1990–95) and at the Rijksakademie (1997–98), both in Amsterdam. He worked in collaboration with <mask> (born 1970 in Brouwershaven, Netherlands, died in 2006) from 1994 to 2006, as De Rijke / De Rooij. Major monographic exhibitions were mounted at K21 in Düsseldorf in 2007, and at the Museo d’Arte Moderna di Bologna (MAMbo) in 2008, and they represented the Netherlands at the Venice Biennale in 2005. De Rooij has taught and lectured extensively since 1998.He worked at De Ateliers in Amsterdam from 2002–2014, is Professor of Fine Arts at the Städelschule in Frankfurt am Main, since 2006, and advisor at the Rijksakademie, Amsterdam, since 2015. In 2016, he co-founded BPA// Berlin program for artists, and became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, KNAW. In 2000, De Rooij won the Bâloise Art Prize, and he was nominated for the Hugo Boss Award in 2004 and the Vincent Award in 2014. He was a Robert Fulton Fellow at Harvard University in 2004, a DAAD fellow in Berlin in 2006 and a resident at the Goethe Institut in Salvador da Bahia in 2018. Works
In 2004, De Rooij began to include works of other artists in his own artworks. For example, his film Mandarin Ducks (2005) was shown at the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam in 2005 within the context of objects and artworks from the museum's collection. In 2007, De Rooij made two installations in which he included the work of artists Isa Genzken, Keren Cytter and designer Fong Leng: one at Galerie Chantal Crousel in Paris named "The Floating Feather", and one at Galerie Daniel Buchholz in Cologne named "Birds in a Park".His 2009 installation "Birds" was shown at Cubitt Artists in London and included, among others, works by Dutch artist Vincent Vulsma. In 2010, De Rooij showed an installation titled Intolerance at the Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin, combining 18 works by Dutch animalier painter Melchior d'<mask> with a selection of 18th-century Hawaiian featherwork. The three-fold publication includes the first substantial monograph on the work of <mask>ter to date, and a catalogue raisonné of all capes, helmets and god-images that are part of the category known as Hawaiian featherwork written by Adrienne Kaeppler. A 2012 installation named Residual situates a 17th century painting by Jacob van Ruisdael in the location that it depicts: Bentheim Castle in the city of the same name. De Rooij’s 2014 project Character is Fate consisted of a year long installation at FKAWDW in Rotterdam and a publication of a 1911 horoscope that Piet Mondrian had made for himself, before he emigrated from his native country the Netherlands. Proposal for the Memorialization of 'Asoziale' and 'Berufsverbrecher''' (2018) aims to give the two groups that are underrepresented in German memorial culture a place in the memorial site at the former NS concentration camp in Dachau. Since 2002, De Rooij has been making a series of sculptures made of flowers, the Bouquets.Since 2010, De Rooij has been working on the first monographic publication on the life and work of the 18th century painter Dirk Valkenburg. Reception
Describing the work of De Rijke / De Rooij in an introduction to a portfolio of their work published in Artforum in 2008, art historian Pamela M. Lee states that the artists trace "the recursive economy of the image: its affective power, its capacity to seduce and organize perception, and its mediation of time and subjectivity." Speaking to Dieter Roelstraete in an interview published in the journal Afterall in 2010, De Rooij stated: "The very notion of 'representing', of 'imaging', is what my work is most deeply concerned with." Pondering the nature of De Rooij's oeuvre in a 2016 Artforum article, art historian Daniel Birnbaum wrote that his works "operate as (...) instances of abstraction that cut right through the textures of meaning that we tend to read into works of art" and that they "might exist as physical crystallizations, but their logic owes much to the tactics of film: framing, cutting, editing, and, above all, focus. The very concept of focus presupposes a dialectic between discreteness and contextual embeddedness: To focus is to draw attention to this by ignoring that''. In the act of bringing an image into focus, the filmmaker prompts scrutiny of an object while also articulating the fact that the rest of the world is still out there, beyond the edge of the frame. This dialectic is key to De Rooij’s work, where the same meticulous care is given to display elements and framing devices as to the art itself."Exhibitions
Institutional solo exhibitions include Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden (2019); Kunstwerke Berlin (2017); IMA Brisbane (2017); MMK Museum of Modern Art, Frankfurt/Main (2016); Le Consortium, Dijon (2015); The Jewish Museum, New York (2014); Piktogram, Warsaw (2012); Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin (2010); MAMBo Bologna (2008); K21, Düsseldorf (2007); Secession, Vienna (2005) and Kunsthalle Zürich (2003). Group exhibitions include the John Hansard Gallery, Nottingham (2020); BDL Museum, Mumbai (2019); the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles (2018); Jakarta Biennale (2017); Limerick Biennial (2016); Aishti Foundation, Beirut (2015); 10th Shanghai Biennale (2014); Raw Material Company, Dakar (2013); BOZAR Centre for Fine Arts, Brussels (2011); Media City Seoul (2010); 2nd Athens Biennale (2009) and the Japanese American National Museum, Los Angeles (2008). Collections
De Rooij’s works can be found in the collections of Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam; MUMOK, Vienna; Hamburger Bahnhof, Berlin; Centre Pompidou, Paris; MOCA, Los Angeles and MOMA, New York. References

External links
 Galerie Daniel Buchholz: <mask> Rooij
 Friedrich Petzel Gallery: <mask> Rooij
 Galerie Chantal Crousel: <mask> Rooij
 Regen Projects: <mask> Rooij
 Frieze Magazine: <mask> Rooij in conversation with Christopher Williams

1969 births
Living people
Dutch contemporary artists
People from Beverwijk
Gerrit Rietveld Academie alumni
Bâloise Prize winners
Art duos

masks:
Willem de Rooij
Willem de Rooi
Jeroen de Rijke
Hondecoeter
d Hondecoe
Willem de
Willem de
Willem de
Willem de
Willem de


texts:
<mask> is a Canadian country and western singer-songwriter from Taber, Alberta, Canada. He has released nine albums, three of which are certified gold. <mask> tours regularly in Canada, the United States and Australia, and has received several awards in Canada and abroad. Biography
<mask> grew up in Southern Alberta living on his family's farm and ranches near Taber, Cardston and Rosemary. <mask> left his hometown of Taber and moved to Edmonton, where he enrolled in the Grant MacEwan College to study jazz guitar and bass. <mask> was a founding member of The Smalls. The band retired in the fall of 2001 but reunited in 2014 for a string of shows, the so-called "Slight Return" tour.<mask> formed his country trio, the Corb Lund Band, in 1995. He turned his attention to his own band exclusively when the Smalls broke up in 2001. The band changed its name to "<mask> Lund and the Hurtin' Albertans" in 2005 shortly after guitarist Grant Siemens joined the group, and has been touring and recording under that title ever since. <mask> currently lives in Lethbridge, Alberta, and spends much of his downtime at his family ranch south of Cardston, Alberta. The Hurtin' Albertans

<mask> <mask> and the Hurtin' Albertans are a Canadian country music band, formerly known as the Corb Lund Band. The Hurtin' Albertans is <mask>'s touring band. They have released nine albums to critical acclaim.The band tours regularly in Canada, the United States and Australia. Much of their time is spent in the Canadian Prairies and the American southwest. The band's members are:
Kurt Ciesla, bass
Grant "Demon" Siemens, guitar and other strings
Brady Valgardson, drums

Siemens is the only member who is not Albertan, hailing from Winnipeg, Manitoba. Farmer/drummer Valgardson and <mask> are from Taber, Alberta. The band has toured Europe, where they played the UK Glastonbury Festival, and Australia several times. The group was featured in the movie "Slither" (2006) and were part of the soundtrack to the 2008 documentary, "Holler Back: (Not) Voting in an American Town." They have also provided accompaniment for an NBC special in 2006, on which former world figure skating champion and fellow Albertan, Kurt Browning, performed a routine to "Expectation and the Blues".Their music can also be heard in the ski film "Nine Winters Old." <mask> signed a three-album deal with New West Records (home of Dwight Yoakam, Steve Earle, Kris Kristofferson and other major artists) in 2009. His first record on New West, Losin' Lately Gambler, was released in September 2009. <mask> <mask> and the Hurtin Albertans played their 2009 single "Long Gone to Saskatchewan" in Ottawa for the 2011 Canada Day ceremonies in the presence of the newlywed Duke and Duchess of Cambridge on their Royal visit to Canada. <mask> <mask> and the Hurtin Albertans released their seventh studio album, Cabin Fever, on August 14, 2012. It debuted at number 1 on the Billboard Canadian Albums Chart. In June 2013, the album was longlisted for the 2013 Polaris Music Prize.<mask> <mask> released Things That Can't Be Undone in 2015. <mask> worked with producer Dave Cobb (Sturgill Simpson, Chris Stapleton, Jason Isbell) to explore new styles and sounds on the album. The album appeared on the !earshot National Top 50 Chart in December that year. Discography

Studio albums

Extended plays

Singles

Music videos

Awards and achievements

JUNO Awards (Canada)

Canadian Country Music Association Awards

<mask> <mask> Band

<mask> <mask>

Americana Music Honors & Awards
2010 Emerging Artist of the Year (nominated)
2010 Albums of the Year: No. 38

Gold Records
2002: Five Dollar Bill (As ranked by the Canadian Recording Industry Association)
2005: Hair in My Eyes Like a Highland Steer (As ranked by the Canadian Recording Industry Association)
2007: Horse Soldier! Horse Soldier! (As ranked by the Canadian Recording Industry Association)

Western Canadian Music Awards
2008 Outstanding Roots Recording (WON)
2006 Outstanding Independent Recording (WON)
2006 Outstanding Roots Recording (WON)
2006 Songwriter of the Year (WON)
2005 Entertainer of the Year (WON)
2003 Outstanding Album (Independent) (WON)
 2017 Roots Solo Artist of the Year

Edmonton Music Awards (Canada)
2013 Male Artist of the Year (WON)
2013 Country Artist of the Year (WON)
2013 People's Choice Award (WON)
2013 Best Country Artist (nominated)

Edmonton Mayor's Celebration of the Arts Awards (Canada)
2013 Ambassador of the Arts (WON)

CMC Music Awards (Australia)
2011 International Artist of the Year (nominated)

Canadian Folk Music Awards
2008 English Songwriter of the Year (WON)

U.S.Independent Music Awards
2007 Best Folk/Singer-Songwriter Album (nominated)
2003 Country/Bluegrass Album of the Year (nominated)

Country Music Association (Australia)
2007 Global Country Artist Award (nominated)

Indie Acoustic Project
Best Lyrics, "Best CDs of 2007" Awards (WON)
Best Male Singer-Songwriter, "Best CDs of 2006" Awards (nominated)

The Indies (Canadian Independent Music Awards)
2008 Favourite Folk Artist/Group (WON)
2007 Favourite Country Artist, Group or Duo of the Year (WON)
2006 Favourite Folk Artist/Group (WON)

French Association of Country Music (France)
2006 Independent Artist of the Year (WON)
2005 Independent Artist of the Year (WON)

Canadian Association for Campus Activities
2007 Best Contemporary Music (Recording) (WON)

Artist also appears on

2005
Carolyn Mark – Just Married: An Album of Duets, "Sweet Thing", Mint

2006
Various Artists – Untitled Promo CD PROC 515, "Hair In My Eyes Like A Highland Steer", Warner Music Canada
Various Artists – Slither: Music from the Motion Picture, "(Gonna) Shine Up My Boots", Bulletproof Recording Company Inc. Various Artists – 30 Years of Stony Plain, "The Truth Comes Out", Stony Plain Records
Various Artists – Worlds Best Award Winning Country Vol. In March 2010, <mask> appeared as part of Young Artists for Haiti to record a benefit version of K'naan's song "Wavin' Flag". On July 11, 2010, <mask> headlined the Medicine Hat Flood Relief Show, which raised $68,000 for Canadian Red Cross 2010 Flood Relief campaign, which benefits those affected by the disastrous flooding in Southern Alberta. <mask> has supported the Centre for Family Literacy in Edmonton, Alberta since 2010. <mask> co-hosted and headlined the "Fire Aid" benefit concert supporting victims of the Fort McMurray wildfire at Edmonton's Commonwealth Stadium in 2016. In 2021, <mask> publicly expressed opposition to proposed coal mines in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, citing concerns of fellow southern Alberta ranchers about possible water pollution.In June 2021, <mask> held a small benefit concert in support of landowners. References

External links
<mask> <mask> official website
<mask> <mask> at New West Records

Juno Award for Roots & Traditional Album of the Year – Solo winners
1995 establishments in Alberta
Canadian country singer-songwriters
Canadian Folk Music Award winners
Stony Plain Records artists
New West Records artists
Canadian Country Music Association Album of the Year winners

masks:
Corb Lund
Lund
Corb Lund
Lund
Lund
Lund
Corb
Lund
Corb
Lund
Lund
Lund
Lund
Corb
Lund
Corb
Lund
Corb
Lund
Lund
Corb
Lund
Corb
Lund
Lund
Lund
Lund
Lund
Lund
Lund
Corb
Lund
Corb
Lund


texts:
<mask> (23 April 1922 – 2 July 2015) was an author of autobiographical works which reveal a profound knowledge of Maasai history. He lived the life of a "white Maasai" and could speak their language before his own native English. Born in Nairobi, <mask> spent his formative years in what is now Tanzania, a country to which he would always return. <mask> spent his final years in Momella near Arusha in northern Tanzania, where he continued to work on his writing until his death. Biography
<mask> was born to British parents in Kenya, on 23 April 1922 according to the author's website, 1921 according to the biographical note in Waters of the Sanjan. Left on her own with young <mask>, his mother eventually sought a living in Maasailand when <mask> was seven, there she ran a small hotel and traded with the Maasai. <mask> spent his next seven years of childhood here, during which time his playmates were the Maasai children.Maasai became his first language, followed by Swahili before English, and he ran wild with his friends learning a lot about the Maasai way of life and associating closely with nature and the wildlife. Totally accepted as a Maasai by the tribe, he took part in meat festivals and other tribal gatherings and ceremonies. At the age of 14, <mask> was sent to school in Arusha. His schooling was completed by correspondence course, when he was employed as an apprentice Metallurgist by the Tanganyika Department of Geological Survey. At the outbreak of the Second World War, he joined the Kenya Regiment and later trained with the Royal Air Force and served with the King's African Rifles in Abyssinia, Madagascar and Burma. After the War, he commanded the Uganda contingent in the Victory Parade in London and joined the Tanganyika Veterinary Department, where he spent the next six years. During this time, he covered areas that included parts of Maasailand when he was able to renew his former close association with that tribe.Having eventually acquired a farm of his own on the slopes of Kilimanjaro, also in Maasailand, he went on to become a leading farming figure and prominent landowner in Tanganyika and was Chairman of the Tanganyika Farmers Association from 1973 to 1975. However, after Independence was granted to Tanganyika in 1961, his properties began to be gradually eroded, during which period he was employed part-time by the Anglo American Corporation in Zambia as an Agricultural Consultant. By 1975 the Tanzania
Government had acquired the last of his properties and he left Tanzania for Zambia, and then South Africa, where he again tried his hand at farming, an interlude in his life that proved far from happy or satisfactory. Finally in 1979 he returned to Kenya to join Lima Limited as their Agricultural Consultant. <mask> is married and had one daughter. He was a leading authority on the people of Eastern Africa, speaking several African dialects, but it was with the Maasai that he spent his formative years, and with whom he is most closely associated with. Bibliography

Barefoot over the Serengeti
The book covers <mask>'s adventures between seven and fourteen years in the Serengeti, homeland of the Maasai, whose customs and lifestyle he reports, as seen through the eyes of a child.Jonathan Taylor writes: "I learnt more about the Masai by reading Barefoot Over the Serengeti than I have from any of the countless scholarly anthropology tomes of colourful coffee table books written about them.” <ref>African Footsteps Magazine", 2009, as quoted on the author's homepage.</ref>

 Beating about the Bush
This is <mask>'s second autobiographical novel, covering the period between 1936 and 1952 Beating about the Bush picks up <mask>’s story where “Barefoot” left off, with his parents moving to the Lupa Goldfields to try to salvage their livelihoods after a catastrophic series of events that left them almost destitute, reliant on <mask>’s hunting skills and the help of their Maasai friends. The book moves from Mission School life to veterinary training, active service in Abyssinia, Madagascar, Burma, and India, meetings with the King and Queen to privileged encounters with the hunter-gatherers of the Okiek people or, in Maasai language, Ndorobo people. During six years employment by the Tanganyika Veterinary Department in Dodoma he roamed the African savannas of his childhood, investigating ritual tribal killings and working as a livestock marketing officer. Like in his other works it is obvious that it is the people rather than the events that <mask>'s narrative lays emphasis on. Another Load of Bull
After the work for the Veterinary Department the Reads settled as wheat farmers on the Western slopes of Kilimanjaro. With no formal training, <mask> survived largely on his local knowledge and language skills, supplemented by his cattle buying. Life on 'Mountainside' suited <mask>, despite the constant battles against Africa's unforgiving environment, but the winds of change were to bring a greater challenge and one that would ultimately end <mask>'s dreams.Waters of the Sanjan
This is <mask>'s sole fiction novel, again situated in the Serengeti at the turn from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. In a series of adventures the protagonist Dangoya develops his reputation and leadership of his age-group and has to deal with envy, drought, superstition and colonialists. Dangoya proves to be an enlightened leader, respecting his tribe's traditions and his elders but at the same time challenging incompetence and mere superstition. – In a concentrated form the book encloses Maasai tradition such as male and female circumcision, cattle raids, blood drinking, alcohol drinking, meat feasts, sexual habits like polygamy, initiation ceremonies, etc. In his foreword Ole Ntekerei Memusi writes: “Waters of the Sanjan is an accurate and admirable historic record of my people.” (p. xi)

 Relevance
<mask>'s works, covering a period of seven decades, not only describe a unique life starting from the adoption of the young boy by the magnificent Maasai tribe whose influence never ceased through his adolescence and manhood; it is also an ethnographic document of a native African group, who rely on oral tradition and whose knowledge and history is, by the accuracy and the empathy which characterise <mask>'s novels, preserved from amnesia. References

 Sources
 <mask>, Barefoot over the Serengeti, privately published by <mask>, Nairobi 1979, 2nd ed. 1980 by Travel Book Club.Reprint 1984,  and
 <mask> and Pamela Brown, Waters of the Sanjan. A Historical Novel of the Masai, privately published by <mask> 1982, revised edition. 1989,
 <mask>, Beating about the Bush. Tales from Tanganyika, privately published by <mask> 2000,
 <mask>, Another Load of Bull'', privately published by <mask>,

External links
 Homepage of David Read
 Forum with extracts from <mask>'s Beating about the Bush and from other authors, mentioning <mask>

1922 births
2015 deaths
English-language writers from Tanzania
Tanzanian non-fiction writers
Kenya Regiment officers
King's African Rifles officers
Tanzanian novelists
20th-century novelists
Kenyan emigrants
Immigrants to Tanganyika

masks:
David William Lister Read
Read
Read
Read
David
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
Read
David Read
David Read
David Read
David Read
David Read
David Read
David Read
David Read
David Read
David Read


texts:
<mask>, better known by his preferred abbreviation J. B<mask> (7 June 1893 – 10 May 1979) was an English humorous writer noted for authoring a column called "By the Way" under the pen name 'Beachcomber' in the Daily Express from 1924 to 1975. G. K. Chesterton described <mask> as "a huge thunderous wind of elemental and essential laughter"; according to Evelyn Waugh, he had "the greatest comic fertility of any Englishman". Childhood
<mask> was born at Park Lodge, Mitcham Road, Tooting. He was an only child, and his father, <mask>, was a serious journalist and dramatic critic. He introduced <mask> junior to (watered-down) wine before he went to school, and to the sons of his friend Leslie Stuart. His mother, <mask>, died when he was 12.From the age of eight <mask> attended Park House prep school in Southborough, London. In 1907 he moved on to Harrow School and hated it. Harrow later provided the inspiration for the fictional Narkover, a school full of theft, gambling, drinking, and corruption. <mask> was admitted to Worcester College, Oxford but failed to win a scholarship, and had to leave after a year to support his father after a stroke. <mask> did not have an outstanding academic career, and left Oxford wanting to be a poet. His talent as a poet proved to be limited. Career

Early career
Quickly realising that he could not make a living from poetry, <mask> found a job writing for a musical revue, until he was interrupted by the outbreak of war in 1914.He enlisted as a private in the Royal Fusiliers and was sent to the trenches the following year. The battalion was disbanded in 1916 and <mask> was commissioned in the Suffolk Regiment. After fighting in the Somme he was sent home with shell shock and spent the rest of the war in the intelligence service. After the war, <mask> wrote a novel, The Barber of Putney, based on his experience of life in the trenches. It was published in 1919, and the same year, he started writing for the Sunday Express newspaper. He had a weekly column which he filled with random jokes and poems, and wrote occasional essays on cross-country walking—his favourite hobby. In 1922, he was moved over to the Daily Express as a reporter, but did not enjoy straight reporting.<mask> later recalled, "I remember being asked to interview the mother of a boy who'd killed someone. As I went along in the cab, I thought: 'D'you realise what you're doing?' Then I decided I couldn't go on." Beachcomber
On 7 July 1917, the "By the Way" column first appeared on the leader page of the Express. Nothing shocking at first, it was 900 words of gossip and topical comment previously appearing under the header "Gossip of the Day". Major <mask> Arbuthnot MVO started the new column and the 'Beachcomber' pseudonym that appeared a week later. In 1919, he was promoted to Assistant Editor, and D. B. Wyndham Lewis (the literary editor) took the column over.Like <mask>, Wyndham-Lewis had also served in the ranks in the War, and the two shared a bizarre sense of humour, as well as being fellow Francophiles. Wyndham-Lewis set the surreal, comic style that was to become the column's identifying feature, and published the first collection of Beachcomber material in 1922, entitled A London Farrago. With so much in common, when <mask> moved into his cubicle they quickly became friends, and their continual banter could be heard across the top floor of the building. Thus, when Wyndham Lewis moved to the Daily Mail in April 1924, <mask> was the obvious person to continue the column. He gradually lightened the tone of the humour, and introduced a range of recurring characters. <mask> published his first Beachcomber collection, Mr Thake, in 1929, and 17 more collections followed over the next 30 years. Early on, <mask> wrote his column in the offices of the Express, and was known for laughing out loud and dancing after finishing each paragraph.As a day's column never took more than a few hours, and he always wrote a week in advance, his afternoons were always free for socialising. In later years, he despatched the (hand-written) column by post from wherever he happened to be at the time. <mask> viewed the Beachcomber sobriquet as a protective blanket of anonymity, and continued to enjoy this until his identity was revealed in the thirties. Drawings in the column depicted Beachcomber as a young woman, and the column was widely believed to be composed of many people's contributions. Behind this cover, <mask> often indulged himself in opinionated rants about new inventions, motorists, Socialists, pretentious art, public schools, and whatever else aroused his wrath. Under <mask>'s pen, By the Way continued for many years, surviving the Second World War paper shortages and consequent shrinkage of the Express to four pages. His mockery of both Nazi propaganda and British red tape was recognised as a huge contribution to morale, and <mask> became a CBE in 1952.In 1965, the column was enlarged and made weekly. The final column appeared on 29 November 1975 containing the headline "Lawnmower Used on Vet's Whiskers". A BBC radio programme Beachcomber by the Way, based on the column, was broadcast for 18 episodes from 1989 to 1994, with Richard Ingrams playing the voice of Beachcomber. <mask>, <mask> and Patricia Routledge played supporting parts, in particular Wells as the impertinent questioner Prodnose forever asking Beachcomber what he meant by what he said. Other work
<mask> also wrote a few pieces on French history, in the style of his good friend Hilaire <mask>, but these were not widely read and are now forgotten. After his retirement, he started work on an autobiography, but said it would be a "boring" read and tore up his notes. Another work is SPRINGTIME: Tales of the Café Rieu, describing life on the Parisian Left Bank.Friends and adventures
<mask> fell in with J. C. Squire's circle of acquaintances. Squire was the editor of the London Mercury, and his reputation for helping young writers had caused him to accrue a posse of writers and poets, which <mask> was happy to join on excursions to pubs in the area of Fleet Street. Squire's amateur cricket team is described in England, Their England by A. G. Macdonell; the exuberant character Tommy Huggins is based on <mask>. This also introduced him to Hilaire <mask>, whose second son, Peter, became a close friend until his death in 1941. <mask> was 52 when <mask> met him, and looked older. Both <mask> senior and <mask> enjoyed cross-country walking, and improvising songs as they walked; the three of them sailed Belloc's cutter, the Nona. Like <mask>oc, <mask> was a Roman Catholic, and shared many of the attitudes of the Chesterton–Belloc circle.<mask> applied his love of the surreal not just to his writing but to everyday life. Walking through Guildford one day with <mask>, <mask> stopped at a pillar box. He talked into its opening: "Are you alright, my little man? Don't worry, we'll soon get you out." Soon, a concerned crowd gathered to see who was trapped inside. Somebody summoned the fire brigade to help, while <mask> and <mask> made a discreet exit. Events like this were quite frequent: on another occasion he littered Virginia Woolf's front doorstep with dozens of empty, quart-sized brown ale bottles.Wyndham-Lewis recalls that on their first meeting, the door 'burst open' and 'a thick-set, bucolic figure, all over straw and clay, strode in and banged passionately on the floor with a thick gnarled stick uttering a roar soon known and feared in every pub on Fleet Street: "Flaming eggs! will no one rid me of this stinking town?"'. Married life and old age
In 1927 <mask> married Mary O'Leary, an Irish doctor. This put an end to his spending time with his drinking friends, and to life in London. To escape the Labour government of the late forties, the couple moved to Dublin for two years, and then to Ferring in Worthing. This moving around didn't interfere with the column, which <mask> hand-wrote (never having learned to type) on sheets of blue Basildon Bond and posted to the Express. His new lifestyle did, though: <mask>'s writing became increasingly cynical, and he became "a gloomy little man," in the words of his illustrator <mask>.Richard Ingrams, who edited some Beachcomber collections, and appeared as Beachcomber on BBC Radio 4, described him as "heavy-going and uncommunicative" in his later years. The couple were happy together until Mary's death in 1974; <mask> lost his job the year after. His enforced retirement was not happy, and he lived alone, eating mostly bread and jam (<mask> couldn't even boil an egg). He became quite confused and spent time looking for his wife, whom he believed to be still alive. <mask> eventually settled in a nursing home, but insisted on addressing all the ladies there as Mary. After his death in 1979, aged 85, his house was demolished and all his papers destroyed. Works
The Barber of Putney (1919)
Gorgeous poetry, 1911–1920 (1920)
Penny royal (1921)
Enchanter's Nightshade (1921)
Old Man's Beard (1923)
The Cow Jumped Over the Moon: A Story (1923)
Hark Backward: A Sporting Novel (1929)
Sobieski, king of Poland (1932)
Maladetta (1932)
1933 and still going wrong (1932)
Who's who in the zoo (1933)
Hag's Harvest (1933)
Tally-ho!and other hunting noises (1934)
Vagabond (1934)
The death of the dragon: new fairy tales (1934)
Skylighters (1934)
The Barber of Putney (1934, revision of 1919 novel)
The Bastille falls, and other studies of the French revolution (1936)
The Dauphin (1937)
Pyrenean; being the adventures of Miles Walker on his journey from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic (1938)
The New Ireland (1938)
Saint-Just (1939)
St. Martin of Tours (193?) Bridge over the rainbow: a survey of humorous sketches (1940)
The Gascon, a story of the French Revolution (1946)
Brumaire, the rise of <mask>; a study of French history from the death of Robespierre to the establishment of the Consulate (1948)
Camille Desmoulins, and other studies of the French Revolution (1950)
St. Therese of Lisieux, the making of a saint (1954)
Hilaire <mask>: A Memoir (1955)
Springtime : tales of the Café Rieu (1956)
Marshal Ney (1958)

See also under Beachcomber (pen name)

See also
The Queen's Book of the Red Cross

References

Sources

1893 births
1979 deaths
English humorists
English Roman Catholics
Alumni of Worcester College, Oxford
People from Tooting
People educated at Harrow School
British Army personnel of World War I
Royal Fusiliers soldiers
Suffolk Regiment officers

masks: John Cameron Andrieu Bingham Michael Morton


texts:
<mask> (born 2 June 1964) is a Danish composer. Biography

<mask> was born in Esbjerg, Denmark. He was drawn to become a composer upon watching the film Amadeus by Miloš Forman and Peter Shaffer in 1984, at the age of 20. After an initial period of aided self-study in England with the singer and composer Cecil Cope, he studied piano with Louis Demetrius Alvanis in London before moving to Hamburg, Germany to study composition with Elmar Lampson and piano with Alan Newcome and later Ulrike Bauer. Brinch’s use of a number of styles with an authentic quality stems from his wide musical background. He feels equally at home with the blues, as with the music of Beethoven or Gregorian Chants. His consistent use and exploration of tonality is energised by his finding new nuances in harmony and melody which is accessible to the listener without being easy listening.Nature and drama also feature as inspirations for <mask>’s work, but it is his study of intervals that has served to lend him his own unique voice as a composer. Central themes permeating a number of his works include Human Rights and the Holocaust. His work Lieder aus Leid was 18 years in preparation before receiving its premiere in Hannover in May 2012 by Jardena Flueckiger, Jonathan dela Paz Zaens and Stéphan Aubé. <mask>'s works have been performed frequently in the USA and the UK (including Wigmore Hall), as well as in Denmark, Germany and France. Eschrich (Opus 107)

For Strings
 1988 : Variations for string Quartet (Opus 10)
 1988 : Movement for string quartet (Opus 12)
 1989 : Piece for string trio (Opus 15)
 1989 : 2 miniatures and 1 Episode for string trio (Opus 20)
 1999 - 2001 : Sonata for cello solo in 4 movements (Opus 26)
 2000 - 2003 : 12 pieces for 2 violins (Opus 60)
 2001 : String Quartet no.1 in 4 movements (Opus 56 ) - On the CD Harmonious Dissonance by Navona Records
 2009 : String Quartet no.2 in 4 movements (Opus 97) - Composed for and recorded by the Bergersen quartet

Instrumental Chamber pieces incl. Flu. viol.Cell. and percussion. and Stibill. ), commissioned work (Opus 61)
 1998 - 2002 : Sne (part 1 of the work Forventning by Halfdan Rasmussen) 11 pieces for Solo-Soprano, Choir SATB and string Quartet (Opus 62)
 2002 : The Challenge (A new version of the preamble to the Human Rights Declaration in English) for Tenor, Choir, violin and piano (Opus 63)
 2003 : Pater Noster for Baritone and Stringquartet (Opus 69)
 2003 : Mørke 4 songs for Soprano, Baritone, Trumpet, Harp and Double Bass - Text H. Rasmussen (Opus 70)
 2003 : Three Tales for Oboe and Harp dedicated to Jinny Shaw and Lucy Wakeford of the Okeanos Ensemble (Opus 71)
 2007 - 2008 : The Word for Choir and Chamberensemble. 23 minutes words by St. John, G. Brinch, Charles Darwin and Martin Luther King (Opus 91)
 2009 : Windquintet in 4 movements (1st version) (Opus 94)
 2009 - 2010 : Parzival Suite 5 Pieces for Solo Flute dedicated to Julie Groves (Opus 95)
 The Fool
 Anforta's Dream
 The Heart of the Matter
 The enchanted Castle
 Searching for the Grail
 2012 : Pyramids orchestral piece for children (to play) based on the Balkan duo (Opus 109)

Discography
 The CD ‘Blue Harmony’ features the piano-works recorded by internationally acclaimed pianist Diana Baker, issued on Klyde records – Brinch’s private label
 The CD ‘Harmonious Dissonance’ includes the String Quartet No.1 was released on Parma Records in USA in June 2010. The cd “Parzival” is a collaboration with award-winning Flautist Julie Groves and Whitbread-Prize winning author Lindsay Clarke, which resulted in a number of works for Baritone and Flute and Flute solo on the theme of Parzival. Not commercially released.Of three volumes of Chamber works on the Claudio Records Label Gregers Brinch volume one with Rohan de Saram and William Hancox and the Bergersen Quartet was released in 2012, featuring Sonatas no.1 & 2 for Cello and Piano and the String Quartet no.2. As a singer Brinch has recorded songs by the composer Dorothee Fischer together with the pianist William Hancox. Lieder und Klavierwerke von Dorothee Fischer, issued on Klyde records – Brinch’s private label

References

External links
 Official website
 <mask> <mask> on Classical Composers Database
 <mask> <mask> on Performing Arts International Website
 <mask> <mask> on The art Music Lounge Website

1964 births
Living people
People from Esbjerg
Danish classical composers
Danish male classical composers
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
20th-century Danish male musicians
21st-century male musicians

masks:
Gregers Brinch
Gregers Brinch
Brinch
Brinch
Gregers
Brinch
Gregers
Brinch
Gregers
Brinch


texts:
<mask>  (born on 14 May 1960) is a professional golfer from New Zealand. Nobilo had a successful playing career, winning 14 pro tournaments around the world. He was at his peak during the mid-1990s when he also produced strong finishes in all four major championships. Since his 2003 retirement, <mask> has worked as a television announcer for golf events. Personal life
<mask> was born in Auckland, of Italian and Croatian descent, and is the great grandson of an Italian pirate. At birth, his right leg was shorter than his left, which have caused him some ongoing back problems . He was educated at St Peter's College in Auckland where he was persuaded to play golf by schoolmates (Chris Treen and Mark Lewis).Nobilo preferred to play Rugby league for Glenora over Rugby Union for St Peter's, which was "a bone of contention" with the school. "I got a bit of grief because I preferred league over rugby then and I was a bit more of a rebel. I used to catch the train to and from school and it took about 30–40 minutes. My mum said it drove her crazy because I missed it often and my parents were living in Glen Eden and I would end up in Henderson and they'd have to come and collect me". <mask> and his wife, Selena, married in 1998. He has a daughter, <mask>, from a previous marriage. Nobilo works as an ambassador for The House of Nobilo, one of New Zealand's leading wineries and founded by one of his relatives <mask>.<mask> was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to golf, in the 1998 Queen's Birthday Honours. Career
In 1978, <mask> won the New Zealand Amateur at 18, the second-youngest winner of this title. He turned professional in November 1979. His first professional win came in 1982 at the New South Wales PGA Championship on the PGA Tour of Australasia. <mask> joined the European Tour in 1985 as a full-time player, having played in selected events in 1982 and 1983. He recorded his first win on the Tour in the 1988 PLM Open (not to be confused with the KLM Open). <mask> subsequently won four other European Tour events and finished inside the top 50 on the Order of Merit every season from 1988 to 1996, with a best of 14th place in 1993.After strong performances in all the majors, including a 4th-place finish in the Masters Tournament and a tie for 8th in the PGA Championship, <mask> left Europe at the end of 1996 and joined the United States-based PGA Tour for the following season. He won the Greater Greensboro Chrysler Classic during his rookie season, which proved to be his only win on that tour. He has featured in the top 50 of the Official World Golf Rankings. One week after his marriage to Selena in 1998, <mask> was struck above the left eye by an errant tee shot at the Lake Nona Golf & Country Club in Central Florida. The injury required 30 stitches, and affected his play afterwards. <mask> played for the International Team in each of the first three Presidents Cups (1994, 1996, 1998). He contributed significantly to the international appeal of the event when in 1998 and paired with fellow kiwi Greg Turner he holed a 70-foot putt on the final green to defeat the American pairing.On 2 October 2008, International Presidents Cup team captain Greg Norman announced that <mask> would serve as his assistant captain for the 2009 Presidents Cup 6–11 Oct. 2009 at Harding Park Golf Course in San Francisco. On 9 October 2007, it was reported that <mask> had announced he would be coming out of retirement, and attempt to gain a card for the U.S. PGA Tour through qualifying school. However, in a statement issued on the Golf Channel's website, <mask> denied the report: "I have not, nor did I have any intention of entering this years PGA Tour Qualifying school." Television work
Upon retiring from tournament golf in 2003, <mask> joined the Golf Channel for studio coverage. He has been a key member of the Live From team at the major championships. From 2012-2014, he occasionally filled in for Peter Jacobsen on NBC's golf coverage (NBC and Golf Channel are corporate siblings). In 2015, <mask> joined CBS's golf coverage, replacing Peter Oosterhuis.Like Oosterhuis did, he worked only the cable coverage of about half of CBS's events, while working on the network coverage of the other half, including the Masters and PGA Championship. He remained on Live From on Golf Channel but will no longer be allowed to fill in on NBC. <mask> made his CBS debut at the 2015 Phoenix Open. He was also a commentator in Rory McIlroy PGA Tour Video Game, released in 2015.

masks:
Frank Ivan Joseph Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Bianca Nobilo
Nikola Nobilo
Frank Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Frank Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo
Nobilo


texts:
Daniel Alvarado Nieves (born March 7, 1973) is a Mexican luchador, or professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Brazo de Platino ("Platinum Arm"). He is a part of the extensive Alvarado wrestling family that was founded by his father Shadito Cruz and includes Alvarado's five older brothers as well as a large number of third-generation wrestlers. Most of the wrestlers in the Alvarado family is using or has used a ring name with the word "Brazo" ("Arm") in it at some point in their career. Alvarado has worked for a number of Mexican professional wrestling promotion, but is currently working on the Mexican Independent circuit and not permanently for one specific promotion. Professional wrestling career
Daniel Alvarado Nieves was the youngest of six sons of Shadito Cruz and the last one to make his debut in 1986 after training under both his father and his brother Jesús Alvarado Nieves, better known as Brazo <mask>. Initially he wrestled as Shadito Cruz Jr. and is the only Alvarado sibling to officially be billed as such. Brazo de Platino
After a few years as a professional wrestler Daniel Alvarado adopted a new ring name and character, Brazo de Platino ("Platinum Arm"), a name inspired by the ring name of his older brothers Brazo de Oro, Brazo de Plata, and El Brazo.The last two Alvarado siblings also adopted "Brazo" names and became Súper Brazo and Brazo Cibernético. While his three oldest brothers had worked as "Los Brazos" and other Brazos had at times replaced one of them, Brazo de Platino, Brazo Cibernético, and Súper Brazo worked as Los Nuevo Brazos for the Universal Wrestling Association starting in 1992. By 1994 the UWA collapsed and stopped promoting shows altogether. In the years following the collapse of the UWA <mask> <mask> became a regular on the Mexican independent circuit, especially around Mexico City, oftentimes teaming with Súper Brazo  and Brazo Cibernético until the death of Brazo Cibernético in 1999. In 2000 Brazo de Platino began working regularly for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), one of Mexico's largest wrestling promotions. During his time in CMLL he became involved in a long-running storyline feud against Olímpico, a storyline that led <mask> <mask> losing his mask as he was forced to unmask after losing a Luchas de Apuestas, or bet match, on July 27, 2000, to Olímpico. The mask lost meant that all six Alvarado siblings had lost their masks in Luchas de Apuestas matches.Over the years <mask> <mask> became more of a "Special attraction" wrestler, brought in by a promoter for a few events but not working regularly, long term for any promotion. Brazo <mask>ado brothers often lost their hair in Luchas de Apuestas matches, losing to wrestlers such as Black Warrior, El Dandy, Rey Bucanero, Zumbido, Alan Stone, Villano III, Villano IV, and Ray Mendoza Jr. Brazo <mask> even even lost his hair to how own brother, Súper Brazo, on at least two occasions, both times as a result of the brothers losing a Relevos Suicidas where they were forced to fight each other as a result. <mask> began working for Toryumon Mexico in 2010 as he participated in their annual Yamaha Cup where Brazo de Platino and Brazo de Plata lost in the first round to El Hijo del Fantasma and Angélico. He also participated in the Dragonmania V "Dragon Scramble" match but lost to Hijo <mask>tasma. For later Toryumon shows Brazo <mask> worked as the enmascarado character "Super Makita", a gimmick based on the show sponsor Makita power tools. In the first appearance as Super Makita he teamed up with "Super Suzuki", another sponsored character. The following year <mask> (as <mask>), participated in the "Dragon Scramble" match at DragonMania VI, but lost to Hajime Ohara.On February 2, 2013, <mask> <mask> and Súper Brazo took part in another chapter in the decade long feud between the Alvarado brothers and Los Villanos as the two lost a Luchas de Apuestas to Villano III and Villano IV and was once again shaved bald. On February 17, 2013, Súper <mask> and the rest of the Alvarado family held a special show, Homenaje a Shadito Cruz ("Homage to Shadito Cruz") where he teamed up with Súper <mask> and competed in the La Copa Shadito Cruz tournament, defeating El Hijo de Fishman and El Hijo de Canek before losing to their nephews Máximo and La Máscara in the semi-finals of the tournament. The Alvarado family

The Alvarado wrestling family spans three generations starting with Shadito Cruz followed by his 6 sons and a third-generation of wrestlers that started working in the late 1990s. At least two different wrestlers have worked under the ring name "Brazo de Platino Jr." The first Brazo <mask> Jr. was Jose Cristian Alvarado Ruiz, the son of José Luis Alvarado (Brazo de Plata), who used the name since someone else was already wrestling as "Brazo de Plata Jr. He used the name until changing his ring character in 2004 to Maximo. In 2010 another wrestler began working as Brazo de Platino Jr. but it was never confirmed if he truly was the son of Alvarado, a member of the Alvarado family or someone who was allowed to use the name and thus only had a storyline, or fictional, connection to the family. On May 19, 2017 footage of Daniel Alvarado and other members of the Alvarado family, notably his nephews José (Máximo Sexy), Felipe Alvarado (La Máscara), Psycho Clown and Robin, destroying the Ford Mustang belonging to José Gutiérrez, better known as Último Guerrero.The vandalism was reportedly motivated by the fact that Gutiérrez had spoken out against Felipe Alvarado as a possible the head of the wrestler's union after the death of Alvarado's father. The head of the CMLL wrestlers' union had been in the Avarado family for over a decade and the Alvarado family believed it should go to someone in their family. The following day CMLL reportedly fired both Felipe and José Alvarado. † = deceased

Luchas de Apuestas record

Footnotes

References

1973 births
Alvarado wrestling family
Living people
Masked wrestlers
Mexican male professional wrestlers
Professional wrestlers from Mexico City

masks:
de Oro
Brazo
de Platino
Brazo
de Platino
Brazo
de Platino
de Platinovar
de Platino
Platino
del Fan
de Platino
Platino
Platino
Brazo
de Platino
Brazo
Brazo
de Platino


texts:
<mask>Charlie<mask> (February 14, 1935 – August 22, 1982) was a ragtime pianist and murderer from New York City. Early life
<mask> was born in Baltimore in 1935 to Czech parents, pianist and conductor Dorothea Freitag (Yukl) and trumpeter <mask><mask>; his brother <mask> was born in 1938 in Falls Church, Virginia. Yukl could play piano and sight-read music by age 4, and studied at the Peabody Conservatory. His parents divorced when he was 7, and the boys and their father moved to Los Angeles. The New York Daily News reported that Yukl set eight fires at age 9, and the Los Angeles Times that Yukl later attributed beatings and random cruelties to his "perfectionist, demanding" parents. Yukl dropped out of North Hollywood High School, joined the U.S. Navy for two years, and returned to his mother in New York City. "Apparently urged" by his mother, Yukl became a professional ragtime pianist in Manhattan, in Union City, New Jersey, and in the Catskills, often using the name Yogi Freitag.He was also a volunteer auxiliary policeman, a musical director, a typist, an apartment manager, an accompanist, and a voice and piano teacher. He married fellow photography student Enken in 1961. Victims

Suzanne Reynolds
At 9:45 p.m. on Monday, October 24, 1966, Yukl called the police to report the finding of the nude body of 25-year-old Suzanne Reynolds, his $5-per-hour student and a native Floridian, in a vacant apartment in his building. He told Patrolman <mask> of the 13th Precinct that after her regular voice lesson he had "returned from walking his dog, noticed the apartment door open, entered, found the body, and promptly notified the police," according to assistant district attorney Robert K. Tanenbaum. After hours of questioning, backup detectives, noticing unusual stains on Yukl's shoes, asked him to accompany them to the precinct house on East 21st Street, to which he consented. Not having direct evidence, police continued the questioning, with coffee and cigarette breaks, until 6:45 a.m., when "one of the detectives suddenly noticed stains on Yukl's trousers", leading immediately to a reading of Yukl's rights to remain silent, as defined by the U.S. Supreme Court only four months earlier. At 10 a.m. on the 25th, facing continuous questioning, Yukl admitted having argued with Reynolds, and having sodomized the body upon discovery.After consulting his wife Enken with police permission, he stated that he wanted to provide more information, and met district attorney Frank Hogan's assistant John F. Keenan at 12:40 p.m. When Keenan requested the truth, <mask> proceeded to confess to the murder in detail: he had strangled her with a black necktie, paused to drink some Rheingold Beer, and dragged her stripped body upstairs and mutilated it with a knife, leaving a blood trail on the steps and skin traces in the carpet tacks and staples. By 1:45 p.m., <mask> had identified the tie retrieved by officers as the murder weapon. He was booked by Sergeant Francis McCluskey, appeared before Judge Francis O'Brien, and charged with murder by 3 p.m. the same day. His attorney had not arrived at the jail. <mask> was indicted by a grand jury November 3, 1966, but did not stand trial, and was released on bail in July 1967. Because attorney George P. Monaghan held that the confession was invalid on the grounds that <mask> was not advised of his rights before interrogation began, Keenan (now prosecutor) and Monaghan plea-bargained in February 1968 to agree to a charge of manslaughter; Keenan later cited "grave fears" at the office about appeal and overturn and doubt about proving premeditation in a first-degree murder trial.Judge George Postel sentenced Yukl to seven and a half to fifteen years including time served. In a memo at sentencing, Keenan recommended against parole for "severity of crime and leniency of sentence". A "model inmate", Yukl served five years and four months total (at state prisons; at Sing Sing from August 1969 to August 1970, called "two years" by the Daily News; and the remainder at the medium-security Wallkill Correctional Facility). He was paroled June 19, 1973, and moved into his wife's apartment in Greenwich Village. Wallkill superintendent Harold N. Butler, parole board spokesman Jerry Houlihan, and state psychiatrist Emanuel Feuer defended Yukl for parole as trustworthy and rehabilitated; Keenan's memo was the only negative indicator reported by parole board chair Paul J. Regan. Karin Schlegel
Police stated Yukl then advertised in theatrical publications for actresses and photographer's models; he presented himself as a first-time film director. On August 20 or 21, 1974, the body of 23-year-old Karin Schlegel (sometimes spelled "Karen") was found on the roof of a Greenwich Village apartment after being strangled, stripped, and mutilated.Parole officer Benjamin Lichtenstein saw the TV report, recognized the address as <mask>'s, and informed the 13th Precinct; also, "a veteran detective, Baezler, tipped Assistant D.A. Tanenbaum to the news, who carried it to Keenan." After an investigation, <mask> was arrested August 24 for the murder of the 19th, and indicted on September 6. Tanenbaum stated that the district attorney and chief of detectives rushed the arrest rather than set a trap to obtain a free confession, and reported "aghast" that Keenan "goaded a confession" even after <mask> asked for a lawyer. Lawrence Feitell was eventually appointed by the court as his lawyer, and <mask> struck another bargain on June 3, 1976, to plead guilty and accept a sentence of fifteen years to life. Death
On August 21, 1982, <mask> barricaded himself in his Clinton Correctional Facility cell, but was "talked out" by a psychologist and released to an observation cell in the infirmary. The next day he was found hanged with a strip of cloth torn from his mattress cover, with his death ruled a suicide.Legacy

The Piano Teacher

Assistant district attorney Robert K. Tanenbaum, who went on to an extended career as novelist and mayor of Beverly Hills, wrote the nonfiction The Piano Teacher: The True Story of a Psychotic Killer as his third book in 1987, collaborating with journalist and producer Peter S. Greenberg to depict Yukl's story in detail. Reviewers said, "Stinging drama, moral momentum, and intelligent speculation about the flaws of the criminal justice system make this an unusually provocative and satisfying true-crime chronicle," "strangely sympathetic: He was a kind of monster, of course, but also a man who knew he was trapped." Other reviewers cited "disjointed and redundant maunderings", "careless oversights in the connective material", and "not much satisfaction in the way of pedagogy." The Final Act

In "The Final Act", an episode of Investigation Discovery's documentary Fatal Encounters, which dramatizes real cases of killer-victim relationships, Yukl was portrayed by music director Kevin B. Winebold, who specializes in portraying serial killers and has had several such true crime reenactment roles. The episode was based on The Piano Teacher, according to Winebold; it was filmed in Manhattan in May and June 2013, and was broadcast in January 2014. Recidivism

The Los Angeles Times echoed Tanenbaum's outrage at the insanity defense in the case of "a psychotic murderer able to masquerade as a meek music coach," with Kirkus Reviews calling him "blind to incriminating evidence" and People a "psychotic killer". Noting three other books of the same title, reviewer and music teaching association member Jennifer Lacy reported that "outrageous" piano teachers "make provocative fiction or bestselling pulp", describing Yukl as "a madman who was set on fulfilling his own sadistic and homicidal dreams."Immediately upon the second murder, <mask> was regarded as a "textbook example" of the problems of rehabilitation and parole. Lawyer Feitell said, "All this cross-fire among different agencies to affix blame for his parole and early release is going to make it difficult to get a fair trial." The L.A. Times said in relation to Yukl, "the revolving door of the criminal justice system has become a broken centrifuge, no longer capable of separating the reformed embezzler from the vicious murderer." It held that Schlegel's murder was "entirely attributable to the killer's premature release from prison. In Yukl's case as in thousands of others, the antiquated machinery of the law was completely overwhelmed by the job it was devised to perform." He became regarded as "a killer whose accomplice is the ineptness of the legal system." References

1935 births
1982 suicides
American murderers
American people of Czech descent
Musicians from Baltimore
Musicians from New York City
Ragtime pianists
20th-century American pianists
American male pianists
20th-century American male musicians
North Hollywood High School alumni
Murderers who committed suicide in prison custody
Suicides by hanging in New York (state)

masks:
Charles William "
" Yukl
Charles William Yukl
Charles W
. Yukl
Tex Yukl
Charles McMillen
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl
Yukl


texts:
<mask> (October 22, 1832 – February 15, 1885) was a German American orchestral conductor and composer. Biography
<mask> was born in Posen (Poznań), Kingdom of Prussia, the son of <mask>. His father was Jewish and his mother was Lutheran. <mask> was baptized a Lutheran when marrying his wife, former opera singer Helene von Heimburg. Damrosch began his musical education at the age of nine, learning the violin against the wishes of his parents, who wanted him to become a doctor. Capitulating to the wishes of his parents he entered the University of Berlin and completed his PhD in medicine but during his spare time he studied violin under Ries, and thoroughbass with Dehn and Bohmer. After he completed his degree <mask> decided to dedicate his life and energy to music.He gained fame as a violinist and began to play to large audiences in many major German cities including Berlin and Hamburg. He went to Weimar, and was received by Franz Liszt, who appointed him solo-violinist in the Ducal orchestra. It has been said mistakenly that Liszt dedicated his Symphonic poem № 2 (Tasso, Lamento e Trionfo) to Damrosch. However, Liszt did dedicate the similarly named Le Triomphe funèbre du Tasse, the third part of Trois odes funèbres, to Damrosch who conducted the first performance in New York on March 24, 1877. <mask> first appeared as a conductor during the season of 1859 where he conducted the Philharmonic concerts in Breslau. He continued to conduct the Philharmonic for three years due to the success of this season. In 1862 <mask> founded a symphonic society in Breslau with an orchestra of eighty performers, modelled after the Gewandhaus concerts of Leipzig.This society gained fame throughout Germany and <mask> invited Liszt to conduct several of the performances, an invitation which he accepted. Wagner also accepted the invitation to conduct his own manuscript compositions in the winter of 1867. In 1871, <mask> emigrated to the United States of America at the invitation of the Arion Society in New York. At his first concerts in the United States he introduced himself as conductor, composer, and violinist. At his successful debut in New York on 6 May 1871, <mask> played as violin soloist at the first time with the New York Philharmonic, performing Beethoven Violin concerto with his own cadenza on the program at the Academy of Music. He participated in many concerts over this period and in 1873 he founded the Oratorio Society of New York. The first concert of this society was later that year and consisted of a programme of works by Johann Sebastian Bach, Georg Friedrich Handel, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina and others.In 1874 <mask> gave another concert at the Oratorio Society, this the first with a full orchestra, consisting of Handel's Samson. For Christmas that year Messiah was performed. In 1876,  <mask> succeeded Carl Bergmann at the helm of the New York Philharmonic, but his high-minded programming -
e.g. the entire first act of Wagner's Die Walküre - frightened the typical New York subscriber, so his tenure with the orchestra was over. In 1877 <mask>, in connection with a number of persons interested in the cultivation of orchestral music, established the Symphony society. This society became closely identified with the Oratorio Society and several joint performances were organized. The co-operation of these societies reached its climax in the great "musical festival" which was held in the armory of the 7th regiment in New York, from 3 till 7 May 1881.The chorus numbered 1,200, the main body being the Oratorio Society, which was augmented by various choral societies from neighboring towns. An additional chorus of 1,000 young ladies from the Normal College and 250 boys from the Church choirs took part in the afternoon concerts. The orchestra was composed of 250 pieces, and Dr. Damrosch selected a large number of artists for soloists. Among the choral works performed were Handel's Dettingen Te Deum and Messiah; Rubinstein's Tower of Babel (first time); Berlioz's Grande Messe des Mortes (first time); and Ludwig van Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. The audience numbered from 8,000 to 10,000 at each concert, and the enthusiasm for the projector of this enterprise resulted in an ovation on the last night. The degree of Doctor of Music was conferred upon him by Columbia in 1880. In 1883, Damrosch traveled extensively through the west with his orchestra.In September 1884, he began a remarkable series of operatic performances as General Manager and chief conductor of the Metropolitan Opera in New York. The company had experienced great financial losses during its first season of Italian opera under director Henry Abbey. For its second season it turned to Damrosch to direct the company in German repertory. The company comprised some of the greatest artists of the German opera houses, and, in contrast with the hitherto prevailing mode, every part, even the smallest, was carefully presented. Twelve of the operas performed were comparative novelties, the most important of which were Wagner's Tannhäuser, Lohengrin, and Die Walküre, and Beethoven's Fidelio. This proved to be <mask>'s last effort. He conducted every performance except during the last week of his life, when he took a severe cold, from which he never recovered.He died in New York City in 1885. <mask> was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City. Family
His sons <mask> and Walter Johannes <mask>, both born in Breslau, in 1859 and 1862 respectively, both succeeded him as conductors of the Oratorio Society of New York. His daughter, Clara Mannes, was a music teacher. His grandchildren were musician <mask> and writer Marya Mannes. Works
 Am Manzanares, op. 11 no.10
 An, op. 8 no. 5
 An den Mond, op. 17 no. 4
 Bedeckt mich mit Blumen, op. 11 no. 7
 Bedeckt mich mit Blumen, op.11 no. 3
 Bitte, op. 5 no. 1
 Cantatas 1 - 7
 Das Meer erstrahlt im Sonnenschein, op. 16 no. 1
 Dereinst, dereinst, op. 11 no.4
 Dich lieb' ich inniglich, op. 7 no. 3 (E. Kern)
 Die blauen Frühlingsaugen, op. 13 no. 3
 Die du bist so schön und rein, op. 10 no. 3
 Es war ein alter König, op.10 no. 4
 Fantasie for Violin and Orchestra
 Frühling, op. 16 no. 2
 Frühlingslied, op. 6 no. 3
 Geh, Geliebter, geh jetzt!, op. 11 no.6
 Hör' ich das Liedchen klingen, op. 10 no. 2
 Ich halte ihr die Augen zu, op. 16 no. 4
 Ich hatte einst ein schönes Vaterland, op. 13 no. 2
 Ich liebe dich, op.8 no. 1
 In der Ferne, op. 10 no. 1
 Jedweder Geselle, sein Mädel im Arm, op. 16 no. 5
 Kalt und schneidend weht der Wind, op. 8 no.8
 Kommen und Scheiden, op. 5 no. 4
 Liebesfrühling, op. 5 no. 5
 Liebesgruss, op. 14 no. 1 (Volkslieder (Folksongs))
 Lied des Fischerknaben
 Mädchen mit dem rotten Mündchen, op.10 no. 6
 Mignon, op. 17 no. 2
 Nachhall, op. 5 no. 2 ((Ignaz) Julius Lasker)
 Nachtgesang, op. 17 no.3
 Nähe des Geliebten, op. 17 no. 1
 Nelken wind' ich und Jasmin, op. 11 no. 5
 Orchesterstück (1859)
 Schiller's "Joan of Arc"
 Siegfrieds Schwert
 Sulamith
 Symphony in A Major (1878)
 Trost, op. 8 no. 6 (Joseph Christian Freiherrn von Zedlitz)
 Violin Concerto in D minor (pub.by Bote & Bock, 1878). One of at least two violin concertos by the composer; the other, also in D minor, dates from 1874. Von dem Rosenbusch, o Mutter, op. 11 no. 2
 Wandl' ich in dem Wald des Abends, op. 16 no. 3
 Wenn ich auf dem Lager liege, op.10 no. 5
 Wenn ich ihn nur habe, op. 7 no. 2
 Wieder möcht' ich dir begegnen, op. 8 no. 9
 Zuléikha, op. 6 no.2
 Zuversicht, op. 5 no. 3 ((Ignaz) Julius Lasker)

See also
 Walter Johannes Damrosch
 Frank Damrosch

References

External links
 Damrosch Song Cycle and Art Song list
 Article on the Work of Damrosch by Juilliard doctoral student Kati Agócs

Mannes-Damrosch collection, 1848-1986 at the Library of Congress
Damrosch-Tee Van collection, 1856-1969 at the Library of Congress

1832 births
1885 deaths
American classical violinists
Male classical violinists
American conductors (music)
American male conductors (music)
German classical violinists
German conductors (music)
German male conductors (music)
German emigrants to the United States
German people of Jewish descent
People from the Grand Duchy of Posen
Musicians from Poznań
German Romantic composers
Conductors of the Metropolitan Opera
Music directors of the New York Philharmonic
19th-century classical composers
19th-century male conductors (music)
19th-century conductors (music)
German male classical composers
19th-century American musicians
19th-century German composers
19th-century classical violinists
American male violinists
Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)

masks:
Leopold Damrosch
Damrosch
Heinrich Damrosch
Leopold Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Leopold Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Damrosch
Frank Damrosch
Damrosch
Leopold Mannes


texts:
<mask> (born November 18, 1970) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, writer, producer and rapper. He played Day-Day Jones in Next Friday and its sequel, Friday After Next, and also appeared in The Hangover and The Hangover Part III as "Black Doug". He was the voice of main character Boog in Open Season 2, replacing Martin Lawrence, with whom he starred in the comedy Welcome Home Roscoe Jenkins, playing "Reggie", cousin of Roscoe (played by Lawrence). He played Lloyd Jefferson "L.J." Wade in the films Resident Evil: Apocalypse (2004) and Resident Evil: Extinction (2007). He has had starring roles in the sitcoms Uncle Buck and The Upshaws. Early life
<mask> was born and raised in Indianapolis, Indiana, the son of Mary Reed and <mask>.In his adulthood <mask> moved to Brooklyn to star in Def Comedy Jam in 1994. <mask> ended up on the Def Comedy Jam tour and starred in two of HBO's Def Comedy Jam broadcasts. Career

Stand-up comedy
<mask> began his professional career by joining the Def Comedy Jam tour in 1995 and starred in two of HBO's Def Comedy Jam broadcasts. Film career
<mask>' first on-screen appearance came in Vin Diesel's second directorial film, Strays in 1997. In 1999, <mask> was then cast as Ice Cube's co-star in the sequel, Next Friday. This followed weeks of auditions, after Ice Cube attended a stand-up set <mask> did, and then asked <mask> to try out for the role of Day-Day Jones. Later that year, <mask> had a cameo in 3 Strikes, and supported Jamie Foxx in Bait.<mask> had a voice role in the 2001 movie Dr. Dolittle 2 as Sonny the Bear and finished the year with a featured role as comical pimp Baby Powder in How High, starring Method Man and Redman. <mask> reunited with Ice Cube in 2002 as the bumbling thief to Ice Cube's bounty hunter in All About the Benjamins, and again re-teamed with Cube in Friday's second sequel Friday After Next. <mask> also voiced another bear character (Boog) in the 2008 film Open Season 2 after Martin Lawrence declined the role. In 2010, <mask> also released a stand-up comedy special, Under Rated & Never Faded, and hosted the 2010 BET Hip Hop Awards. <mask> starred alongside Jordin Sparks and Whitney Houston in the 2012 remake of Sparkle, in his first non-comedic role as the main antagonist, Satin, a stand-up comic by day, an evil and abusive drug kingpin by night, who is engaged in an affair with the titular character's sister. <mask>' performance was well received by critics and audiences. In 2014, <mask> landed the coveted role of Richard Pryor in a planned Pryor biopic to be directed by Lee Daniels; however, the project has remained in development hell.<mask> did portray Pryor in the 2016 Nina Simone biopic Nina, and is set to play him again in a planned HBO drama series about the L.A. Lakers. <mask> had a starring role in the 2016 comedy horror film Meet the Blacks and its 2021 sequel The House Next Door: Meet the Blacks 2. He also starred as the title character in the single-season 2016 sitcom Uncle Buck. Since 2021, he has been one of the main cast of the Netflix sitcom The Upshaws. Music
<mask> "hosted" the Jim Jones and Skull Gang album Jim Jones & Skull Gang Present A Tribute To Bad Santa Starring <mask>. <mask> has also made a song called "Trying to Be a Gangsta" with Pooh Bear. <mask> also hosted G Unit's 2008 mixtape Elephant In The Sand, appearing on the track "Hollow Thru Him".<mask> also has a song called "Big Girls", which came out in 2008. It was originally recorded by Bow Wow featuring Yung Joc. The song is currently on iTunes and can be found on his album, Funny Bidness: Da Album, which was released October 27, 2009. <mask> also has featured in rapper French Montana's Mac Wit Da Cheese mixtape, which was released on April 19, 2009. <mask> has also featured on the Dom Kennedy song "Intro/Hard Work" on his FutureStreet/DrugSounds mixtape. Part of his stand-up comedy in Under Rated & Never Faded was sampled for the song "I'm On Everything" by Bad Meets Evil on their first EP, Hell: The Sequel and on the track "Runaway", from J. Cole's second album Born Sinner. <mask> was also known in his hometown of Indianapolis as the CEO of Naptown Records.In 2006 he signed local artist Philthyphil. This artist had just been released from prison after serving three years for a drug indictment in which he was the suspected distributor of large amounts of narcotics. The record deal which was reportedly worth $175,000 was later terminated after Phillip "Philthyphil" White was charged with first-degree murder in Oakland, CA in 2007. <mask> has made cameo appearances in many music videos, mostly by hip hop artists, including "Gangsta Nation" (2003) by Westside Connection, "A Bay Bay" (2007) by Hurricane Chris, "No Effort" (2017) by Tee Grizzley, and "Bank Account" (2017) by 21 Savage. Super Bowl XLVI
<mask> served as the "Super Bowl ambassador" in his native Indianapolis for the 2012 Super Bowl. He was featured in commercials promoting the Super Bowl Village and he made special appearances in the Village during the week of the Super Bowl. Controversies
<mask> has been criticized by disability campaigners for mocking physically and mentally disabled children in his stand-up act.On June 1, 2014, <mask> purportedly assaulted fellow stand-up comedian LaVar Walker outside of the Uptown Comedy Club. It was stated <mask> and two of his bodyguards did this in response to Walker making a parody video about <mask> and comedian Kevin Hart. <mask> allegedly struck him in the face and kicked him in the stomach and back, while one of the other two men threw the victim's cellphone and crushed his prescription glasses. Atlanta Police issued a warrant for <mask>' arrest two days later on June 3. Around mid-2017, <mask> received criticism for bringing a kangaroo onto the stage during one of his shows. Many noted the animal looked distressed, with <mask> grabbing and holding it against its will. <mask> later apologized, saying it was completely unscripted and that he would never hurt an animal.Personal life
<mask> is married to OWN Network executive and Iyanla: Fix My Life producer Kyra Robinson. <mask> and Robinson married in Newport Beach, California in June 2019. <mask> was previously married to Mechelle McCain, whom he married in July 2006. <mask> and McCain lived in Beverly Hills, California together until they divorced in September 2017. In a 2019 GQ interview, <mask> denied the long-standing rumor that he is related to fellow actor <mask>, saying, "Are <mask> and <mask> related? No, I think we got the same master, though." Filmography

Film

Television

Comedy Special

Music videos
 "Whatchulookinat" – Whitney Houston
 "Ay Bay Bay" – Hurricane Chris
 "Gangsta Nation" – Westside Connection
 "Why We Thugs" – Ice Cube
 "What You Know" – T.I."ASAP" – T.I. "Never Forget" – Napoleon
 "I'm Lit" – Square Off
 "I Don't Know Y'all" – Young Dro
 "Mrs. Right" – Mindless Behavior featuring Diggy Simmons
 "Nothin'" – NORE
 "I'm on Everything" – Bad Meets Evil
 "How Come You Don't Call Me" – Alicia Keys
 "Bitch, Don't Kill My Vibe" – Kendrick Lamar
 "I Was Your Baby"- Angie Stone
 "No Flex Zone!" – Rae Sremmurd
 "Ayo" – Chris Brown and Tyga
 "No Effort" – Tee Grizzley
 "Bank Account" – 21 Savage
 "Let Bygones Be Bygones" – Snoop Dogg
 "Baby" – Angie Stone ft. Betty Wright

Discography
 Studio albums
 Funny Bidness: Da Album (2009)

 Collaboration albums
 A Tribute to Bad Santa Starring <mask> (with Jim Jones & Skull Gang) (2008)
 Omar Ray Life & Timez of Suge Gotti, Vol. 1 (2012)

 Guest Appearances
2009: "I'm a Go and Get My..." with (Busta Rhymes) on Back on My B.S. 2016: "2011 BET Cypha" with (Termanology, French Montana, Wais P, Rico Staxx, & Cross) on Cameo King III

Singles
 "Big Girls" (2008)
 "Trying to Be a Gangsta" (2009)
 "Aint Chu You?" (2009)

References

External links

Living people
Midwest hip hop musicians
African-American film producers
American male film actors
African-American writers
American writers
American stand-up comedians
American male voice actors
Rappers from Indiana
Male actors from Indianapolis
African-American male actors
American male television actors
20th-century American comedians
21st-century American comedians
Film producers from Indiana
African-American male comedians
20th-century American rappers
21st-century American rappers
African-American male rappers
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians
People from Roosevelt Island
1970 births
20th-century African-American politicians
21st-century African-American musicians

masks:
Michael Elliot Epps
Epps
Tommie Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Mike Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Mike Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Epps
Omar Epps
Mike Epps
Omar Epps
Mike Epps


texts:
<mask> of Lee and Carnwath, <mask> (Wischeart) of the Holy Roman Empire (1727 – 6 February 1790) was a Scottish aristocrat with a successful military career. Early years
<mask> was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, the second son of a prominent Jacobite family, the Lockharts of Carnwath. His grandfather, <mask>, was the Scottish agent of <mask>, the 'Old Pretender', and the author of the posthumously published 'Lockhart Papers'. These documents, including letters and <mask>'s journal, comprise probably the most important primary source of information on the Jacobite rebellion of 1715. <mask>'s elder brother, also named George, was the personal aide-de-camp to Charles Edward Stuart, the 'Young Pretender', during the Jacobite rising of 1745. Upon the defeat of the rebellion at the Battle of Culloden, <mask> accompanied Prince Charles into exile in Paris. <mask>, his younger brother, was 18 years old at the time.As the son of a known Jacobite family—and a second son at that—<mask>'s prospects in Britain were bleak. He therefore left Scotland, aged 18, to make his way in the world as a soldier of fortune. His first service was as a common soldier in the army of Nadir Shah, the Shah of Persia. How <mask> found his way to Persia is not known for certain. In A Memoir of the 'Forty-Five''', (Chevalier de Johnstone, 1958), a <mask> is mentioned who is probably <mask> (p. 244). The passage is worth quoting in full:

We were scarcely a musket-shot from the shore, when the captain pointed out to me one of the midshipmen in the boat, of the name of <mask>, asking me if I knew his family in Scotland. I answered in the negative, telling him that I had never been in any other service than that of Mrs. Gray.I was uneasy lest Mr. <mask> should have recognized me for, as I had been a schoolfellow of his elder brother and frequently in the house of his father, Mr. <mask> of Carnwath, he might very possibly have known me. He was about eighteen years of age and had been four years in the navy. His eldest brother, the heir to a considerable estate, had been foolish enough, like so many others, to join the standard of Prince Charles. The events described take place in Harwich, as the Chevalier is making his escape from England some months after Culloden. While he does not give the Christian name of this midshipman <mask>, <mask> was in fact eighteen years old when this was written. What is more, his career at sea would help account for his presence some months later in Persia, since the trip overland from Scotland to Persia was exceedingly arduous in 1746. What immediately followed is not known in detail.<mask> traveled Europe enlisting in various armies and learning the military arts. Towards the end of the war of the Austrian Succession he enlisted in the Austrian service to fight in the armies of the Empress Maria Theresa. In 1752 he was commissioned a captain of the Grenadier Company of the 33rd Regiment, but it is likely that he served as a common soldier before that. <mask> fought, often brilliantly, in a series of battles against the Prussians during the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), including the battle of Prague in 1757. At the battle of Kunersdorf (1759) he was instrumental in turning the tide against the Prussians, securing an Austrian victory. He received promotion after the battle from the commanding officer, Field Marshal Freiherr von Laudon. He was again cited for signal bravery at the battle of Landshut (1761).<mask> rose rapidly through the ranks of the Austrian army, and became a general in the Austrian service. Return to Scotland
In 1761 <mask> resigned his commission and returned to Scotland to deal with problems of succession in the family. His father was ailing, and the Lockhart estates were entailed upon his brother George, still living in exile in Paris. George, however, was attainted with treason for his role in the '45, and the family estates would therefore revert to the Crown upon the death of their father, the elder <mask>. Staging the death of the younger <mask> in Paris solved the problem. At his "funeral" a casket full of stones served as his mortal remains. As a result of this successful strategem, the Lockhart estates at Carnwath in Lanark shire thereafter passed to <mask> upon the death of his father.Military service and honours
The Empress Maria Theresa ennobled <mask> in 1782, after a campaign in Lombardy in the service of her grandson, the Grand Duke of Tuscany. As Count <mask>-Wischeart of the Holy Roman Empire he thereafter became a favourite of Maria Theresa's successor, the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II, and an important personage at his Court. Joseph II was a godfather to <mask>'s son, <mask>, who later inherited the title. <mask> was a Knight of the Order of Maria Theresa and a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to the Emperor Joseph II. He served in the last war the Austrians ever waged against the Turks. In his later years <mask> served on the staff of the Duke of Lorraine, who was the Imperial Viceroy to the Austrian Netherlands. He may also have served in his own right as the Governor General of one of the provinces of the Austrian Netherlands.(Johnstone, 1878)

Aside from documentary evidence of Lockhart's service in the Austrian Netherlands, a pair of silver candlesticks he acquired in Brussels in 1782 or later, and had engraved with his personal crest is extant. . This engraved crest is surmounted by the five pointed coronet appropriate to Lockhart's title. The official portrait of Sir <mask> was taken to Sydney Australia where it has resided with his decedents for over the last 20 years. The Lee Penny
Count <mask> has an interesting connection with Scottish literature and folklore. He owned the
'Lee Penny', a Lockhart family heirloom and the most famous of the Scottish touch pieces. Sir Walter Scott described the Lee Penny in the preface to The Talisman (published 1825), his novel of King Richard the Lion Heart's crusade to the Holy Land. This novel incorporates a fictional magical amulet, or 'Talisman', based upon the history and folklore of the Lee Penny.The Lee Penny is owned by the present heir of the Lockharts, and is currently housed in a gold and enamel snuffbox presented to Count <mask> by the Empress Maria Theresa. See also
Scottish clan
Clan Lockhart
Lockharts of Lee

References

 Brown, Kevin (2017) Artist and Patrons: Court Art and Revolution in Brussels at the end of the Ancien Régime, Dutch Crossing, Taylor and Francis. <mask>, Simon (1977) Seven Centuries: The History of the Lockharts of Lee and Carnwath, SFM Lockhart,
Szechi, Daniel (2002) <mask> of Carnwath 1689 -1727, A Study in Jacobitism,  Tuckwell Press Ltd,
Johnstone, C.L (1878) The Historical Families of Dunfriesshire and the Border Wars. online Available from http://www.electricscotland.com/history/dumfries/index.htm
Johnstone, Chevalier de (1958) (Edited with an Introduction by Brian Rawson) A Memoir of the 'Forty-Five'', Folio Society, London

Footnotes
 Electric Scotland, see Chapter XI, http://www.electricscotland.com/history/dumfries/index.htm

1727 births
1790 deaths
People from Lanarkshire
Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music

masks:
James Lockhart
Count Lockhart Wishart
James Lockhart
George Lockhart
James Francis Edward Stuart
George Lockhart
Lockhart
George Lockhart
James Lockhart
James
James
Lockhart
James
Lockhart
Lockhart
Lockhart
Lockhart
James
Lockhart
Lockhart
Lockhart
Lockhart
George Lockhart
George Lockhart
James Lockhart
James Lockhart
Lockhart
Lockhart
Charles Lockhart
Count Lockhart
Lockhart
James
Lockhart
Lockhart
Macdonald Lockhart
George Lockhart


texts:
<mask> (full name <mask>) is a French-Colombian rapper and producer born on 27 April 1975 in Paris. <mask> is known as one of the best lyricists in French Rap. He gained recognition as a rapper during the 1990s as a part of the influential rap group, La Cliqua. He also was a member of Tres Coronas. He is a cousin of Juan Pablo, Gabriela, Camila, and <mask>. Biography

The La Cliqua years

As a part of La Cliqua, <mask> toured radios and stages, and then released, in 95, a first EP, now considered a master piece of French Rap: "Conçu pour durer" (Built to Last) on Arsenal Records. <mask> delivered, for the first time on record, his then eccentric rhyming style alongside his microphone associates: Daddy Lord C, Kohndo (Doc Odnock), Raphaël (Raphton), Egosyst (Aarafat), Dj Jelahee (Gallegos), Lumumba, Le Chimiste and Mush le Phonky Bwana.Kohndo, Egosyst and Lumumba formed the group Coup d'État Phonique, while Daddy Lord C and <mask> teamed up as La Squadra. The record was an immediate success in the French Hip-Hop scene. Quickly Arsenal Records signed with major label Barclay, and La Cliqua worked on their next project released in 1996 as a compilation album: "Arsenal Represente le Vrai Hip-Hop" (Arsenal represents the Real Hip-Hop). The record featured all members of La Cliqua and their young affiliates: Petit Boss and Cercle Vicieux. Critically acclaimed, La Cliqua became a major feature on the French Hip-Hop landscape. They opened for Arrested Development at the Olympia in Paris and performed in New York City at the Zulu Nation Anniversary. Following in the footsteps of "Represente le Vrai Hip-Hop", <mask> was the first emcee from La Cliqua to release a solo album: "Entre Deux Monde" which featured Kohndo on: "Mot pour mot" and "Rap Contact 2".In 1997, Egosyst, <mask>'s rhyme partner on "Coup d’Etat Phonique" decided to leave La Cliqua. The Tres Coronas years
Tres Coronas formed in New York City in 2001 by <mask>, fellow Colombian rapper P.N.O. with Dominican rapper Reychesta Secret Weapon. La Cliqua Reunion
In April 2008, <mask> and the other members of La Cliqua (minus Raphael) came back together for a performance at the Festival l'Original in Lyon. This successful, unexpected, reunion which resurrected on stage some of La Cliqua's classic repertoire, was followed in January 2009 by a sold out concert in Paris, at the Elysée Montmartre. Discography

With La Cliqua
 1994 Cut Killer & La Cliqua – Mixtape N°11 (Double H Production)
 1995 Conçu pour durer (EP, Arsenal Records)
 1996 Le Vrai Hip-Hop (LP - Arsenal Records)
 1996 Le Vrai Hip-Hop (Nouvelle Édition)(LP - Arsenal Records)
 1999 La Cliqua (Album, Arsenal Records)
 1999 Pas De Place Pour Les Traîtres
 2007 Le meilleur, les classiques (Compilation Album, Arsenal Records)

With Tres Coronas
2001: "Mixtape" (Parcero Productions/5-27 Records)
2002: "Mixtape Remix" (Parcero Production/R.C Music/Profeta Discos)
2003: "New York Mixtape" (Parcero Productions/Ecko Unltd.) #2

2012
Tu le reconnais with Alpha Wann

 Rocca - Le Calme sous la Pluie (EP) 2012, released on 18 June on iTunes

External links
  Rocca's official homepage
 Official facebook
 Official Twitter

 https://www.whosampled.com/search/?q=tres+coronas
 https://www.whosampled.com/search/?q=rocca
 https://www.whosampled.com/search/?q=la+cliqua

References

French rappers
Colombian rappers
French people of Colombian descent
Living people
1975 births
French Roman Catholics

masks:
Rocca
Sébastian Rocca
Rocca
Juanita Rocca
Rocca
Rocca
Rocca
Rocca
Rocca
Rocca
Rocca