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<mask> (born July 9, 1962) is an American convicted murderer from Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, who had previously been wrongfully convicted in 1985 of sexual assault and attempted murder. After serving eighteen years of a thirty-two-year sentence (six of those years being concurrent with a kidnapping sentence), <mask> was exonerated by DNA testing and released in 2003, only to be charged with murder two years later. <mask>'s 2003 exoneration prompted widespread discussion of Wisconsin's criminal justice system; the Criminal Justice Reform Bill, enacted into law in 2005, implemented reforms aimed at preventing future wrongful convictions. Following his release, <mask> filed a $36 million lawsuit against Manitowoc County, its former sheriff, and its former district attorney for wrongful conviction and imprisonment. In November 2005, with his civil suit still pending, he was arrested for the murder of Wisconsin photographer Teresa Halbach, and in 2007 was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment without possibility of parole. The conviction was upheld by higher courts. <mask>'s 2007 murder trial and its associated issues are the focus of the 2015 Netflix original purported documentary series Making a Murderer, which also covered the arrest and 2007 conviction of <mask>'s nephew, Brendan Dassey.In August 2016, a federal judge overturned Dassey's conviction on the grounds that his confession had been coerced. In June 2017, Wisconsin prosecutors appealed this decision. Eight months later, a panel of seven judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ruled in favor of upholding the original conviction by a vote of 4 to 3, ruling that police had properly obtained Dassey's confession. On February 20, 2018, Dassey's legal team, including former Solicitor General of the United States Seth Waxman, filed a petition for a writ of certiorari to the U.S. Supreme Court. On June 25, 2018, certiorari was denied. Early life
<mask> was born in 1962 in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, to Allan and <mask>. Since 1965, his family has operated a salvage yard in rural Gibson, Wisconsin, on the 40-acre (16 ha) property where they lived outside town.<mask> has three siblings: Chuck, Earl, and Barb. He attended public schools in nearby Mishicot and Manitowoc, where his mother said he went to an elementary school "for slower kids". According to one of his lawyers in 1985, school records showed that his intelligence quotient was 70 and that he "barely functioned in school". On July 24, 1982, <mask> married Lori Mathiesen, who was a single mother. They have four children together: Rachel, Jenny, and twins <mask> and Will. Early convictions
In March 1981, at age 18, <mask> was convicted of burglarizing a bar with a friend. After serving ten months of a two-year sentence in the Manitowoc County Jail, he was released on probation and ordered to pay restitution.In late 1982, two men admitted that, at <mask>'s suggestion, they threw his cat "in a bonfire and then watched it burn until it died" after <mask> had poured gas and oil on it. <mask> was found guilty of animal cruelty and was jailed until August 1983. "I was young and stupid, and hanging out with the wrong people", <mask> said later, of his first two incarcerations. In January 1985, <mask> ran his cousin's car off to the side of the road. After she pulled over, <mask> pointed a gun at her. He was upset that she had been spreading rumors about him masturbating on the front lawn, which he stated was not true. <mask> maintained that the gun was not loaded and that he was simply trying to stop her from spreading rumors about him.He was sentenced to six years for "endangering safety while evincing a depraved mind" and possession of a firearm. Wrongful attempted sexual assault conviction
In July 1985, a woman named Penny Beerntsen was brutally attacked and sexually assaulted while jogging on a Lake Michigan beach. <mask> was arrested after the victim picked him from a photo lineup, and later from a live lineup. Although <mask> was forty miles away in Green Bay shortly after the attack – an alibi supported by a time-stamped store receipt and sixteen eyewitnesses – he was charged and ultimately convicted of rape and attempted murder, then sentenced to thirty-two years in prison. Appeals in 1987 and 1996 were denied by higher courts. Around 1995, a Brown County police detective contacted the Manitowoc County Jail, saying that an inmate "had admitted committing an assault years ago in Manitowoc County and that someone else was in jail for it". The jail officer transferred the call to the Manitowoc County detective bureau.Deputies recalled Sheriff Thomas Kocourek telling them, "We already have the right guy. Don't concern yourself with it." <mask> continued to maintain his innocence in the Beerntsen case. In 2002, after serving eighteen years (the first six concurrently on the prior endangerment and weapons convictions), the Wisconsin Innocence Project used DNA testing – not available at the time of <mask>'s original trial – to exonerate him and to demonstrate that a different suspect, Gregory Allen, had in fact committed the crime. Allen, who bore a striking physical resemblance to <mask>, had committed an assault in 1983 at the same beach where Beerntsen was later attacked in 1985, and was under police surveillance during the period of Beerntsen's assault due to his history of criminal behavior against women. However, Allen was never a suspect in the Beerntsen case, and he was not included in the photo or live lineups presented to Beerntsen. <mask> was released on September 11, 2003.By that time, his wife had divorced him, and he was estranged from his family. <mask>'s wrongful conviction case attracted widespread attention. Rep. Mark Gundrum, the Republican chairman of the Wisconsin Assembly Judiciary Committee, impaneled a bipartisan task force to recommend improvements to the state's criminal justice system aimed at decreasing the likelihood of future wrongful convictions. Recommendations included a revamped eyewitness identification protocol and new guidelines for interrogations of suspects and witnesses, and the collection and storage of material evidence. The recommendations were ultimately drafted into legislation that became known as the Avery Bill, which was passed and signed in October 2005, then renamed the Criminal Justice Reform Bill a month later after <mask> was charged in the Halbach case. <mask> filed a civil lawsuit against Manitowoc County; its former sheriff, Thomas Kocourek; and its former district attorney, Denis Vogel, seeking to recover $36 million in damages stemming from his wrongful conviction. The suit was settled in February 2006 for $400,000 following his murder indictment.Teresa Halbach murder
Photographer Teresa Halbach disappeared on October 31, 2005; her last alleged appointment was a meeting with <mask>, at his home near the grounds of <mask>'s vehicle was found partially concealed in the salvage yard, and bloodstains recovered from its interior matched <mask>'s DNA. Investigators later identified charred bone fragments found in a burn pit near <mask>'s home as Halbach's. <mask> was arrested and charged with Halbach's murder, kidnapping, sexual assault, and mutilation of a corpse on November 11, 2005. He had already been charged with a weapons violation as a convicted felon. <mask> maintained that the murder charge was a frameup, promulgated to discredit his pending civil case. Manitowoc County claimed to and did cede control of the murder investigation to the neighboring Calumet County Sheriff's Department because of <mask>'s suit against Manitowoc County.As part of the agreement for Calumet to use resources from Manitowoc County including personnel, Manitowoc sheriff's deputies participated in repeated searches of <mask>'s trailer, garage, and property, supervised by Calumet County officers. A Manitowoc deputy found the key to Halbach's vehicle in <mask>'s bedroom. His attorneys said there was a conflict of interest in their participation and suggested evidence tampering with no proof of same. <mask>'s attorneys also discovered that an evidence box containing a vial of <mask>'s blood, collected in 1996 during his appeals efforts in the Beerntsen case, had been unsealed (by the Innocence Project) and a puncture hole was visible in the stopper. They speculated that the blood found in Halbach's car could have been drawn from the stored vial and planted in the vehicle to incriminate <mask>. To combat this claim, the prosecution presented testimony by FBI technicians who had tested the blood recovered from Halbach's car for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), a preservative used in blood vials but not present in the human body, and found none. <mask>'s defense team presented expert witness testimony stating that it was not possible to tell if the negative result meant that EDTA was not present, or if the test itself was inconclusive.Prosecution
, <mask> was the only one of the Innocence Project's 174 exonerees to have been charged with a violent crime after release. In March 2006, <mask>'s nephew, Brendan Dassey, was charged as an accessory after he confessed under interrogation to having helped <mask> kill Halbach and dispose of the body. He later recanted his confession, claiming that it had been coerced, and refused to testify to his involvement at <mask>'s trial. He testified at his own trial and never mentioned coercion. Dassey was convicted of murder, rape, and mutilation of the corpse in a separate trial. In pretrial hearings in January 2007, charges of kidnapping and sexual assault were dropped. <mask> stood trial in Calumet County in March 2007, with Calumet District Attorney Ken Kratz leading the prosecution, and Manitowoc County Circuit Court judge Patrick Willis presiding.On March 18, <mask> was found guilty of first-degree murder and illegal possession of a firearm, and was acquitted on the corpse-mutilation charge. He was sentenced to life in prison without possibility of parole on the murder conviction, plus five years on the weapons charge, to run concurrently. After serving five years at the Wisconsin Secure Program Facility in Boscobel, <mask> was transferred in 2012 to the Waupun Correctional Institution in Waupun. In January 2016, after Making a Murderer had been released, People magazine reported that one of the <mask> trial jurors was the father of a Manitowoc County sheriff's deputy, and another juror's wife was a clerk with Manitowoc County. Juror Richard Mahler, who was excused from the trial after the jury had begun deliberations because of a family emergency, later commented that early on, seven of the jurors had voted not guilty; he was mystified that the jury eventually agreed on a conviction. Mahler's account has been disputed by other jury members, who claim that no early vote had taken place and that an informal vote was taken with only three jury members voting <mask> not guilty. Another juror allegedly told the Making a Murderer filmmakers of feeling intimidated into returning a guilty verdict, fearing for personal safety.The filmmakers' claims have also been disputed. Appeals
In August 2011, a state appeals court denied <mask>'s petition for a new trial, and in 2013, the Wisconsin Supreme Court denied a motion to review the ruling. In January 2016, Chicago attorney Kathleen Zellner, in collaboration with the Midwest Innocence Project, filed a new appeal, citing violations of <mask>'s due process rights and accusing officials of gathering evidence from properties beyond the scope of their search warrant. In December 2015, Dassey's attorneys filed a writ of habeas corpus in federal district court for release or retrial, citing constitutional rights violations resulting from ineffective assistance of counsel and the coerced confession. In August 2016, Dassey's conviction was overturned by federal magistrate judge William E. Duffin, who ruled that Dassey's confession was involuntary. Duffin granted a defense petition for Dassey's release on November 14, but the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit overturned his ruling on November 17, ordering that Dassey remain incarcerated pending resolution of the state's appeal of the habeas decision. In June 2017, the Seventh Circuit upheld the magistrate's decision to overturn Dassey's conviction, leaving the state with the options of appealing Duffin's ruling to the U.S. Supreme Court, dismissing the charges, or retrying him.The state then petitioned the appellate court to hear the case en banc. The state's petition was granted and the appellate court reversed the magistrate's ruling, finding that Dassey's confession did not violate the Constitution. Dassey's attorneys filed a petition to have the Supreme Court hear his case, but the request was denied. Dassey remains in prison. On August 26, 2016, Zellner filed a motion with the Manitowoc County circuit court for post-conviction scientific testing. Judge Angela Sutkiewicz signed a stipulation and order for the scientific testing to proceed on November 23, 2016. On June 7, 2017, Zellner filed a 1,272-page post-conviction motion citing ineffective assistance of counsel, Brady violations, and affidavits by experts allegedly debunking the manner in which Halbach was killed, including alleged new evidence and ethical violations by Kratz.Zellner said that <mask>'s conviction was based on planted evidence and false testimony, and was requesting a new trial "in the interests of justice." On October 3, 2017, <mask>'s motion for a new trial was summarily denied without the court holding an evidentiary hearing. On February 26, 2019, the Wisconsin Court of Appeals granted <mask>'s petition requesting that his case be remanded back to the trial court for an evidentiary hearing on his motion for a new trial. Zellner posted the news to her Twitter page several hours before, tweeting:“<mask> Update: We Won!!!!!! Back to the circuit court. #TruthWins @llifeafterten @ZellnerLaw @TManitowoc @michellemalkin #MakingaMurderer.” Based on the bone fragments found in the county gravel pit, Zellner proffered a new theory, based on new evidence, to support <mask>'s upcoming case. This began in 2018 when she filed a motion to have "suspected human" bones that were being held by the Wisconsin Department of Justice be tested for DNA.The bones came from three different burn piles within the Manitowoc County-owned quarry, and among them was a pelvic-bone fragment. New technology used to identify victims in the California wildfires would allow Zellner, if she had won the appeal, to test the bones for Teresa Halbach's DNA. However, when the motion was filed, Zellner soon discovered that the state had returned the bones to Halbach's family. "By giving them [to the Halbach family] …" Zellner stated to Rolling Stone, "they have just confirmed they believe those bones are human." Zellner went on to file another motion, saying that the return of the bones to the Halbach family constituted an Arizona v. Youngblood violation, which meant that this potentially crucial exculpatory evidence could not be tested. "It's a very sneaky way to get evidence destroyed. It seems very deliberate that the thinking was, ‘We need to get rid of those bones, but we can't just go in and cremate them ourselves."Zellner's second motion was supported by a "never-before disclosed ledger sheet" indicating that the presence of the bones was not disclosed to <mask>'s defense team before they were returned to the Halbach family. Zellner had fourteen days to file any "supplemental post conviction motions" before <mask>'s new court date would be set. On July 28, 2021, the Court of Appeals for the State of Wisconsin affirmed the Circuit Court's denial of <mask>'s big brief filed by Zellner, pointing out many misrepresentations contained in that brief. Petitions
On December 20, 2015, a petition was created at a White House petitioning site titled "Investigate and pardon the <mask>s in Wisconsin and punish the corrupt officials who railroaded these innocent men." In a January 2016 response to the petition, a White House spokesperson said that since <mask> and Dassey "are both state prisoners, the President cannot pardon them. A pardon in this case would need to be issued at the state level by the appropriate authorities." A spokesman for Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker stated that Walker would not pardon <mask>.A second petition, titled "Initiate a Federal Investigation of the Sheriff's Offices of Manitowoc County and Calumet County, Wisconsin," was submitted to the White House petitioning site on January 7, 2016. The petition was archived because it did not meet the minimum signature requirements. Media coverage
On March 26, 2013, the public radio program Radiolab aired an episode titled "Are You Sure?" that featured a 24-minute segment titled "Reasonable Doubt." It explored <mask>'s story from the perspective of Penny Beerntsen, the woman of whom he was wrongfully convicted of sexual assault in 1985. On December 18, 2015, Netflix released Making a Murderer, a ten-episode original documentary series that explores <mask>'s and Dassey's investigations and trials. The documentary "examines allegations of police and prosecutorial misconduct, evidence tampering and witness coercion."The series was widely reviewed and discussed in the media, and generated numerous follow-up interviews and articles with parties shown in the documentary, including family members and some reporters who covered the trials.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2016/01/making_a_murderer_is_so_emotionally_manipulative_it_left_me_angry.html |title=The Emotional Manipulations of Making a Murderer' |work=Slate |first=Bronwen |last=Dickey |date=January 15, 2016 |access-date=January 20, 2016}}</ref> A second season of the documentary was released via Netflix on October 19, 2018. In December 2018, Netflix and series producers were sued for defamation by Andrew Colborn, a former Manitowoc County police officer who had testified at <mask>'s murder trial. The suit alleges that the series omitted and distorted material in order to portray Colborn as a corrupt officer who had planted evidence. The second episode of Season 18 of the series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit'', titled "Making a Rapist," is inspired by the <mask> case. Sean Roberts, who was found guilty of rape in 2000, is exonerated by new DNA evidence but soon becomes the suspect in a rape and murder case. References

Further reading

External links

1962 births
Living people
American people convicted of murder
Criminals from Wisconsin
Overturned convictions in the United States
People convicted of murder by Wisconsin
People from Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
People wrongfully convicted of rape
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Wisconsin
20th-century American criminals
21st-century American criminals

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<mask><mask>  (born December 31, 1979) is an American feminist, author, speaker, and social and political activist. She is known for writing books, speaking at universities throughout the nation, and for co-editing the feminist blog, Feministing.com. Her work also appears on numerous other blogs and websites. She is also a recipient of the Elie Wiesel Prize in Ethics. She is known for promoting feminism by integrating storytelling and solutions into her writings and talks. According to Parker Palmer, she is “one of our most insightful culture critics and one of our finest young writers.”  In 2013 she helped found the Solutions Journalism Network with journalists David Bornstein and Tina Rosenberg. Background
<mask> is from Colorado Springs, Colorado, where she and her brother were raised by her parents.Her parents both strongly believed in women and men having equal contributions. Her mother created the longest running women’s film festival in the world while <mask> was a teenager. <mask> attended William J. Palmer High School in Colorado, and went on to attend Barnard College in New York City. She received a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science as well as sociology. She later went on to study at New York University, where she received a Master of Arts in writing and social change. <mask> now resides in Oakland, California with her husband, John, and their daughter, Maya. Feminist positions

Feminist waves
<mask> self-identifies as a third-wave feminist.In many of her speeches and writings, she discusses the generation gap between different waves of feminism, specifically second-wave feminism and third-wave feminism in terms of her own personal experiences between her mother and herself. As detailed during a public forum with Deborah Siegel, <mask> asserts that older generations often view third-wavers as entitled, but she states they were raised to believe they deserved certain rights and to fight for them. She also points out that third-wavers have grown up in a world filled with many issues, leading her to state that her generation is overwhelmed. In a TEDtalk in 2011, <mask> brings up the issues of wealth disparity, xenophobia, environmental crisis, and sex trafficking and states “it’s enough to make you feel very overwhelmed.”

Another differentiating factor influencing the gap between second and third-wave feminism that <mask> discusses is how they approach political activism. Her opinion is that second-wavers typically organize protest marches in order to create change, while third-wavers have turned to “online organizing.” Using social media, online petitions, and blogs to raise awareness about feminist issues and social issues in general, as well as to bring about change, is a viable strategy that <mask> argues could be the future of feminism. Work-family balance
<mask> argues that the issue of work-family balance is not just a women's issue, saying "men need family-friendly workplaces" as well. She calls for workplace-provided childcare, legislature to "craft policies that support individuals and families," maternity and paternity leave, and more workplace flexibility.In an article for skirt.com in 2008, <mask> wrote "how can we claim to be economic providers and role models for our daughters and sons if we aren't also improving the work place climate they will inherit?" Books
Perfect Girls, Starving Daughters; The Frightening New Normalcy of Hating Your Body, <mask> E. <mask>, Simon & Schuster, 2007. Perfect Girls discusses the implications of the cultural emphasis on dieting and weight loss. This book focuses on the impact that an obsession with food, weight, and body image has on women and the feminist movement. <mask> argues that women need to think more positively about their bodies and redirect their energy toward creating better possibilities for life. The Naked Truth: Young, Beautiful, and (HIV) Positive, by Marvelyn Brown with <mask>, Harper Collins, 2008. The story of how a normal 19-year-old girl contracted HIV, that set her in a fight for her life, and in a situation that estranged her from her community.Despite her circumstances, she remains positive and shares her story in hopes of preventing others from going through her pain. Click: When We Knew We Were Feminists, Edited by J. <mask> and <mask><mask>, Seal Press, 2010. Sullivan and <mask> follow the stories of a number of influential women and the moments in their lives that led them to becoming feminists. Through these women’s stories, the authors describe what makes a feminist, and how the role of a feminist changes with the times. Do It Anyways: The New Generation of Activists, <mask><mask>, Beacon Press 2010. Do It Anyways fights the claims that the younger generation is apathetic by telling the stories of eight activists who, despite being ordinary people, are making a difference in the world. Project Rebirth: Survival and the Strength of the Human Spirit from 9/11 Survivors, by Dr. Robert Stern and <mask><mask>, Dutton/Penguin Press, 2011.A psychologist and a journalist examine how eight survivors from the 9/11 attacks learn to cope with grief and find peace despite their circumstances. The New Better Off: Reinventing the American Dream, <mask><mask>, Seal Press, 2016. <mask> examines the current, collective understanding of "The American Dream" and its flaws. She then highlights alternative approaches to gender roles, housing, work, and other parts of life that people find highly fulfilling. Learning in Public: Lessons for a Racially Divided America from My Daughter's School, <mask><mask>, Little, Brown and Company, 2021. After navigating the world of school choice and selecting a majority-Black, poorly-rated neighborhood public school for her daughter to attend, <mask> investigates the disconnect between the values many white families express and the racially homogenous, selective schools they choose for their own children to attend. Online contributions
<mask> spreads her views on feminism and family friendly workplaces through the medium of the internet.She contributed as a co-editor to Feministing.com, the largest feminist blog from 2004 until recently. <mask> is now a weekly columnist for On Being. Her work can also be found on sites such as YES! Magazine, The New York Times, and TED talks. <mask> has been a co-founder to numerous online organizations, including Valenti Martin Media and #femfuture, which aim to break the boundaries of traditional views towards women. <mask> also contributes to mainstream websites such as the Huffington Post. <mask> is also a Senior Correspondent for The American Prospect.She has penned a number of articles on the site, including: “The Problem with Youth Activism”, and “Why Class Matters in Campus Activism”. In these two articles, <mask> discusses the way America’s youth has lost the outrage and civil disobedience of previous generations in favor of school sanctioned demonstrations, and how the American youth today do not display the robust activism that United Kingdom students have recently displayed regarding school tuition budget cuts. References

External links

 feministing.com
 onbeing.org

 An interview with <mask> – Interview with Ashlie Ford, Texas Lutheran University
 Parker Palmer and <mask>: The Inner Life of Rebellion – Interview with Parker Palmer and Krista Tippett, On Being
An Interview with <mask> – Interview with Isaac Graves
The F-Bomb You Should Drop – Click Book Review and Interview with <mask> by Cosmopolitan
 Conversation with <mask> – Interview with Marianne Schnall

1979 births
Living people
American feminists
Barnard College alumni
American bloggers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American women writers

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<mask> (1767–1831) was a British evangelist, who went to America in 1801 and died in 1831 in Virginia. She was a Quaker by confession, but had been raised a Methodist. She traveled thousands of miles in the United States and Britain as an effective evangelist on the camp meeting circuit. She ministered to many of the disenfranchised, including the Oneida people, men and women in prison, and African slaves in the American South. She self-published six times; three of her books received a second printing. <mask> crossed the Atlantic at least nine times, mostly traveling alone. At her death a newspaper obituary termed her "perhaps the most extraordinary woman in the world."Early life
<mask> was born in Whitby, on the Yorkshire coast of England. Her father, William, was a close associate of John Wesley, who called him "a burning and shining light." William was working with Wesley at a time when Wesley was encouraging women to become preachers. William desired that his child should be a preacher, even before he knew her gender. He encouraged her toward that for as long as he was alive. <mask>'s father died in her teen years, leaving the family in financial straits. They suffered a number of other setbacks, including the early deaths of some family members and a landslide that destroyed their home.These incidents had a profound impact on her. <mask> chose to remain single, believing she was called to Christian ministry and unwilling to be tied down by the responsibilities of marriage. Work as an evangelist
<mask> traveled, engaging in itinerant preaching in the United States, and spending much time in New York, South Carolina and Georgia. She faced many challenges, including hostility from men and women toward female preachers. She was accused of being a lewd woman for allowing herself to be viewed publicly as a spectacle. A few of <mask>'s opponents also accused her of prostituting herself, as she did not have an income as a means of regular support; her first years as a missionary were funded wholly by donations from people who believed in her ministry. This explains the title of her second book, The Bank of Faith and Works United.<mask> persevered, and often won over opponents through the effect of her preaching on large crowds. <mask> felt sympathy from childhood for the slaves in America. On arriving in 1801 for her first trip there, she gained an audience with Thomas Jefferson to ask for his permission to minister to slaves, preach to slave owners, and found a school to educate the freed. During the meeting she rebuked the President for his slave ownership. She expressed particular concern for the African women being exploited by their slave owners. She secured the "approbation" of the President for her work. When in the South she ministered directly to African slaves and told slave-owners that they ought to give up their slaves.<mask> also preached in many African-American churches. She preached for Rev. Absalom Jones' church on one occasion, and for Rev. Richard Allen on another. Allen had been hesitant to permit <mask> to preach there in 1802, but some of his members convinced him to allow her to do so. Later <mask> would be one of the speakers, with Rev. Allen and several other male preachers, in 1818.It is possible that with <mask>'s example before him, Rev. Allen felt comfortable ordaining Jarena Lee in 1819. In January 1806, <mask> preached at a church service inside the United States Capitol building. She was the first woman to do so, and only one other woman received this honor: (Harriet Livermore). The event was attended by President Jefferson. <mask> assisted Hugh Bourne in starting Primitive Methodism in the early years of the 19th century. With Lorenzo Dow and Bourne she preached an itinerant circuit in England.The revival services these three conducted brought many people into Primitive Methodist circles. In 1830 <mask> led a revival that featured three other female preachers: Ruth Watkins, Nancy Towle and Ann Rexford. Relations with the Quakers
Attracted to the Quakers, Ripley began to attend their meetings. She identified closely with their doctrine of inner guidance by the light. Ripley loved the Society of Friends, but that love was not always mutual. She applied for membership with them three times, but they repeatedly refused. Several Friends privately supported Ripley financially, believing she was legitimately called by God to preach.David Sands and Priscilla Hanna Gurney were notable Quakers who gave Ripley a great deal of personal and practical support. Relations with the Methodists
Ripley was raised as a Methodist and most of her theological understanding reflected that background. Ripley was exposed to many famous Methodists in her early life. Her father hosted John Wesley at his house on several occasions. With him came his traveling group of women preachers, including Sarah Crosby and Mary Bosanquet. Ripley also met Bishop Francis Asbury, who greatly encouraged her in her preaching. She associated with many other famous Methodists, including Bishop Whatcoat, Ruth Watkins and Hugh Bourne.<mask> also traveled extensively with Lorenzo Dow, while doing a preaching tour in Britain with Bourne. That tour included a stay in a prison for a night, when she and the eccentric Dow were arrested. Publishing career
<mask> published five books: The Extraordinary Conversion and Religious Experience of <mask> (1810); The Bank of Faith and Works United (1819); An Account of Rose Butler (1819); Letters Addressed to <mask> (1807), which included a book of poems called An Address to All Difficulties; and the memoir and collected notes of her father. She published all these at her own expense. The first three received a second printing. Ripley used the proceeds to fund her continued itinerant preaching ministry. See also
Harriet Livermore
Absalom Jones
Thomas Jefferson
Aaron Burr

References
FootnotesBibliography

British abolitionists
English Protestant missionaries
Protestant missionaries in the United States
English memoirists
People from Whitby
Christian writers
1767 births
1832 deaths
Female Christian missionaries
British women memoirists
Quaker missionaries
English Quakers
18th-century English writers
19th-century English writers
English publishers (people)
British expatriates in the United States
English evangelicals
English evangelists
Women evangelists
English Methodists
19th-century women writers
18th-century women writers
Quaker abolitionists

masks:
Dorothy Ripley
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<mask> (born 1 September 1982) is an English football coach and former goalkeeper. He currently manages the academy of Burton Albion and has previously held the role of assistant coach with the New Zealand national women's team. <mask> is a four-time winner of the New Zealand Football Championship (NZFC) with Waitakere United and in 2014 was named as the best goalkeeper of that competition's first decade. He was also the first goalkeeper to play 100 games in the New Zealand Football Championship. As a player he has been to one FIFA Club World Cup and has also coached, as either an assistant coach or goalkeeping coach, at four FIFA tournaments including the 2012 Olympic Games and the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. Playing career

Early career
<mask> began his career playing for Derby County playing for the schoolboys team from the age of 11 to 16. In 1999, at the age of 17, he signed as an apprentice at Blackpool and played two years at youth and reserve team levels.In 2001, he signed a professional contract with Burton Albion, who were then under the management of Nigel Clough. During four seasons with the Brewers the bulk of his first team appearances would come in cup competitions. He made his one and only league appearance for Burton Albion in January 2003 in a Football Conference fixture away to Scarborough and was sent off on debut in the 4–1 defeat. Move to New Zealand
In 2004, <mask> joined New Zealand side Gisborne City on loan and in 2005 he returned on a permanent basis, also taking the role as the club's academy director. After two seasons of winter regional football with Gisborne, <mask> signed with Waikato FC for the 2006-07 New Zealand Football Championship. He would return for one more winter season with Gisborne between his first two summers in the national league with Waikato. Since 2008, <mask> has played national league football in the summer for Waitakere United but he has played for various regional clubs in the winter including Hamilton Wanderers, Bay Olympic, Lynn-Avon United and Birkenhead United.Waitakere United
In 2008, <mask> moved to Auckland to develop his coaching career and sign for then Oceania Champions Waitakere United, who had qualified for the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup. <mask> started five league games and two OFC Champions League games in his first season with Waitakere United but was on the bench for their FIFA Club World Cup playoff defeat to Adelaide United as well as the NZFC Grand Final defeat to Auckland City. The following season, he established himself as the first choice goalkeeper, playing all but one match for Waitakere as they claimed their second New Zealand title and finished runners-up in the 2010 OFC Champions League. Between 2009–10 and 2012–13, with <mask> as the first choice goalkeeper, Waitakere won an unprecedented four straight NZFC titles, added two more minor premierships and one Charity Cup win. They would also make two OFC Champions League finals but lost them both. On 27 January 2013, towards the end of this period of domestic success, <mask> also became the first goalkeeper to play 100 matches in the NZFC. The following season, as part of the marking of the first ten seasons of the franchise-based format of the national league, <mask> was named as the league's Goalkeeper of the Decade and was also named to the Team of the Decade.The awards were chosen by a public vote and a panel of football writers. The 2013-14 season marked the start of a rebuilding phase for Waitakere and they finished fourth in the league, losing to Auckland City in the semifinals. The following season, they would again lose to Auckland City in the semifinals after finishing fourth in the regular season. <mask> was named captain for the 2014–15 season. In the 2015–16 season <mask> reduced his playing role with Waitakere to fulfill his full-time coaching duties with the New Zealand women's team. Coaching career
Following a three-month loan to Gisborne City in 2004, former New Zealand coach Kevin Fallon enticed <mask> to return on a permanent basis in 2005 with a full-time contract that included a role as the club's academy director. He continued to balance playing and coaching roles when he signed for Waikato FC in the New Zealand Football Championship, coaching the club's U-20 team in the National Youth League for one season.While playing in Gisborne and the Waikato he also held development roles with Central Football Federation and Waikato-Bay of Plenty Football. <mask> moved to Auckland move in 2008 partly to pursue more coaching opportunities. His first international role came as goalkeeper coach for the New Zealand U-20 Women for the 2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Germany and he would retain the same role for the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Japan. He was elevated to the goalkeeper coach role for the senior women's team in 2012 ahead of the London Olympics where the team lost in the quarterfinals to eventual gold medal winners, USA. The same year <mask> also coached Waitakere City in the premier division of the Northern Region Football League. Northern Football Federation appointed <mask> as a Football Development Officer in February 2013 with a regional responsibility for clubs in the Waitakere area. In 2014, his coaching role with the Football Ferns became full-time with additional responsibility for overseeing the development of U-17 and U-20 women's goalkeepers.His current title with the New Zealand Women's Team is Assistant Coach specialising in goalkeeping. In September 2016, he moved back to England and returned to his first club Burton Albion to take up the role of academy manager. Personal life
<mask> is married and has one child. He is a lifelong fan of Derby County F.C. His father, Phil, was a match official in the Football League and his <mask>'s younger brother, Adam, is lead sports scientist at Derby County's Academy. Honours

Player

Club
Waitakere United
New Zealand Football Championship: (4) 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13
New Zealand Football Championship Minor Premiers: (3) 2008–09, 2010–11, 2012–13
OFC Champions League Runners-up: (2) 2009–10, 2012–13
ASB Charity Cup: 2012
New Zealand Football Championship Runners-up:  2008–09
Bay Olympic
Northern League (New Zealand): 2011
Burton Albion
Unibond Premiership: 2001–02

Other individual honours

Player
 OFC Champions League Golden Glove (best goalkeeper): 2012–13
New Zealand Football Championship Goalkeeper of the Decade (2004/05–2013/14)
New Zealand Football Championship Team of the Decade  (2004/05–2013/14)

Records
 First goalkeeper to play 100 matches in the New Zealand Football Championship

References

1982 births
Waitakere United players
English footballers
Expatriate association footballers in New Zealand
Footballers from Derby
Burton Albion F.C. players
Derby County F.C.players
Gisborne City AFC players
Waikato FC players
Hamilton Wanderers players
Bay Olympic players
Waitakere City FC players
People from Belper
Living people
Association football goalkeepers
New Zealand Football Championship players
Birkenhead United AFC players

masks:
Dan Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


texts:
<mask> of England (19 December 1333 or 28 January 1334 – 1 July 1348) was a daughter of Edward III and his wife, Philippa of Hainault. <mask>, also known as <mask>, was born in the Tower of London. As a child she was placed in the care of Marie de St Pol, wife of Aymer de Valence and foundress of Pembroke College, Cambridge. She grew up with her sister Isabella, her brother Edward, and their cousin <mask> of Kent, and she died in the Black Death that struck Europe in 1348. Life
In 1338, <mask> was taken on her father's journey to Koblenz, where they met Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, and were his special guests at the Imperial Diet in the church of Saint Castor. Edward III had formed an alliance with Louis against Philip VI of France, but in 1341 the emperor deserted him. It is possible that <mask> was betrothed to one of the sons Louis had with Margaret II of Hainaut, Philippa's older sister, and actually stayed in their court to be educated there.However, Edward III withdrew her in 1340. In 1345, she was betrothed to Peter of Castile, son of Maria of Portugal and Alfonso XI of Castile. In the summer of 1348, she left England with the blessing of her parents. Thanks to a heavily armed retinue she was, perhaps, the most protected woman of Europe at the time, and it is said that her trousseau alone required an entire ship. The travel schedule included a visit to one of her family's castles in Bordeaux. Travel to Castile
Edward III had spared no expense in the preparations for <mask>'s journey and marriage, equipping her in the most impressive manner he could. The King loved his daughter, but it's very likely that he also wanted to make a display of power and wealth before his allies in Castile.The fleet that carried <mask> and her retinue consisted of four English ships, which departed from Portsmouth and were received in Bordeaux by the awestruck mayor Raymond de Bisquale. Some say that he immediately warned <mask> and her companions of the plague but that they didn't listen and proceeded to settle in the royal castle overlooking the estuary of the Gironde. <mask>'s entourage included three leading officials: Robert Bouchier, the former royal chancellor;
Andrew Ullford, a diplomatic lawyer; and the cathedral priest of Bordeaux, Gerald de Podio, who was
to see to the Princess's spiritual needs. <mask> also had a remarkable Castilian minstrel, Gracias de Gyvill, who had been dispatched to England by Prince Pedro in order to entertain her with music and songs of the land of which she was to be queen. <mask> was also escorted by over a hundred formidable English bowmen, some of them veterans of the Battle of Crecy, and she even travelled with a luxurious portable chapel, so that she could enjoy Catholic services without having to use the local churches all along the way to Castile. The chapel featured a couch decorated with fighting dragons and a border of vines, powdered with gold Byzantine coins, while the altar cloth was decorated with dragons and serpents. <mask>'s wedding dress was made with more than 150 metres of rakematiz, a thick imported silk, but she also had a suit of red velvet; two sets of 24 buttons made of silver gilt and enamel; five corsets woven with gold patterns of stars, crescents and diamonds; and at least two elaborate built-in-corset dresses, also made of rakematiz, one in green and the other in dark brown.The green was embroidered all over with images of rose arbors, wild animals and wild men, while the brown had a base of powdered gold and displayed a pattern of circles, each enclosing a lion as a symbol of monarchy. Additional items in <mask>'s trousseau included beds and bed curtains, ceremonial garments, riding outfits, and everyday clothes. Information concerning these can be found in her wardrobe account of 1347. Death
As <mask> embarked on her journey, the Black Death had not yet appeared in England, and it is unlikely that the party was aware of the danger. Despite the severe outbreak of plague in Bordeaux, at first it did not occur to <mask> and her advisors to leave town. Soon, they watched in horror as the members of the entourage began falling sick and dying. Robert Bouchier, the leader of the retinue, died on 20 August.<mask> feared for her life and was probably moved to the small village of Loremo, where she remained for some time. However, she could not escape the disease and became its first victim in the camp, suffering a violent, quick attack and dying on 1 July 1348. Some accounts document that <mask> was buried in Bayonne Cathedral, and her statue, in Westminster Abbey, is on the South Side of her father's tomb. Aftermath
Andrew Ullford, the diplomatic lawyer, was not affected by the plague and traveled to England in October to inform the king of his daughter's death. The English people were shocked: not only was she one of the earliest English victims of the epidemic, which was attacking England by then; but her death also seemed to prove that not even royalty would be spared. On 15 October 1348, Edward III sent a letter to King Alfonso of Castile terminating the marriage arrangements and describing the sorrow that he and his family were suffering after <mask>'s sudden death. He described her as a martyred angel looking down from Heaven to protect the royal family, and concluded with traditional and formal piety:

"We have placed our trust in God and our life between his hands, where he held it closely through many dangers"

On 25 October, Edward III sent an expedition to Bordeaux to retrieve <mask>'s body and return it for burial in London.The leader was a northern ecclesiastical lord, the bishop of Carlisle, who was overpaid by the King because of the high risk involved. What happened next is unknown. There is no record of <mask>'s remains being returned to England nor any account of a funeral of any kind. According to medievalist Norman Cantor, in his book The Last Knight: The Twilight of the Middle Ages and the Birth of the Modern Era (2004), <mask> actually died in Bordeaux, where the mayor, in an effort to arrest the plague, set fire to the port, burning the Plantagenet castle there as well. <mask>'s body, inside the castle at the time, could not be recovered. Letter to Alfonso
Here is an excerpt from the letter that King Edward III sent to King Alfonso of Castile (translated by Rosemary Horrox in her book The Black Death):

We are sure that your Magnificence knows how, after much complicated negotiation about the intended marriage of the renowned Prince Pedro, your eldest son, and our most beloved daughter <mask>, which was designed to nurture perpetual peace and create an indissoluble union between our Royal Houses, we sent our said daughter to Bordeaux, en route for your territories in Spain. But see, with what intense bitterness of heart we have to tell you this, destructive Death (who seizes young and old alike, sparing no one and reducing rich and poor to the same level) has lamentably snatched from both of us our dearest daughter, whom we loved best of all, as her virtues demanded

 No fellow human being could be surprised if we were inwardly desolated by the sting of this bitter grief, for we are humans too.But we, who have placed our trust in God and our Life between his hands, where he has held it closely through many great dangers, we give thanks to him that one of our own family, free of all stain, whom we have loved with our life, has been sent ahead to Heaven to reign among the choirs of virgins, where she can gladly intercede for our offenses before God Himself. References

1330s births
1348 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
14th-century English people
14th-century English women
English princesses
14th-century deaths from plague (disease)
House of Plantagenet
Children of Edward III of England
Daughters of kings

masks: Joan Joan Joanna Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan Joan


texts:
<mask><mask>, M.D. (November 20, 1938 – December 3, 2021) was an American pathologist. He was a professor at the University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson. <mask> served for 32 years as an academic pathology department chair, in Chicago, Illinois and then Tucson, Arizona, while also serving as a serial entrepreneur engaged in university technology transfer. He is past president of six medical organizations, including the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology and the International Society for Urological Pathology, which he co-founded. He is a cancer researcher, an educator, and an inventor. Early life and education
<mask> was born on November 20, 1938, in Schenectady, New York.He completed his undergraduate studies at Union College in Schenectady. In college, he was a Ford Foundation-funded Congressional Intern in Washington, D.C., in the office of US Representative <mask><mask>, and studied governmental affairs. His primary focus remained medical science research. After graduation from Union College, <mask> spent three summers working as a chemist at Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory. <mask> obtained his M.D. degree from Tufts Medical School in Boston in 1965. In medical school, he had been a Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) post-sophomore research fellow and had done research on high-resolution freeze-fracture electron microscopy with <mask>, PhD, a biophysicist and Harvard faculty member.As an MGH pathology resident, he co-authored research papers on intercellular junctions, cancer cell, and red cell membranes. Career
During the Vietnam War, he served as a United States Air Force Major at the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, in Dayton, Ohio, where he was involved in toxicology research, and participated in computer science courses in computer programming and system design at the Air Force Institute of Technology on the same campus. He researched the potential sources of toxic chronic chemical injury, from trace amounts of rocket propellants and oxidizers, to airmen working in Titan missile silo environments. From 1972 to 1975, he was Professor of Pathology at Tufts University School of Medicine. He continued his research on normal cell membranes and cancer cell membranes and initiated research on animal models for urinary bladder cancer. In 1975, <mask> was named the Harriet Blair Borland Professor and chairman of pathology at Rush Medical College in Chicago. <mask> participated in National Cancer Institute (NCI) funded cancer clinical trials as director of the National Bladder Cancer Group's Central Pathology Laboratory (1982–1990),  which qualified patients for inclusion in urinary bladder cancer clinical trials.In addition, he was Founding Director of the NCI-funded National Urinary Bladder Flow Cytometry Network which established clinical flow cytometry laboratory procedures and standards (1985–1990). In 1990, <mask> was named Professor and Chair of Pathology at The University of Arizona's College of Medicine. He studied cancer multi-drug resistance at the Arizona Cancer Center. He also holds academic appointments in the university's College of Pharmacy and its Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health. In 1988–89, <mask> was president of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology. In 1995–1996, he was president of the International Society for Urological Pathology. In 2003–04, he was president of the American Telemedicine Association.In 2010–2011, he was president of the Association for Pathology Informatics. Development of telepathology and telemedicine
While a department chair at Rush Medical College in Chicago, <mask> carried out the first public demonstration of satellite-enabled robotic telepathology, between El Paso, TX. and Washington, DC, in 1986. In 1993, <mask> patented telepathology systems and telepathology diagnostic networks. He established an international telepathology service network linking the United States, Mexico and China. <mask> has been referred to as the “father of telepathology” in a 2011 journal article written by a student and a faculty member from an Indian medical school. <mask> received the Association of Pathology Informatics’ Lifetime Achievement Award.In 1996, he became Founding Director of the Arizona Telemedicine Program (ATP), which he co-founded with Arizona State Representative Robert "Bob" Burns. The ATP links 160 sites in 70 communities by broadband telecommunications and has provided telemedicine services for 1.4 million cases in 61 subspecialties of medicine. He became executive director of the Institute for Advanced Telemedicine and Telehealth (T-Health Institute), a Phoenix division of the ATP, in 2004. The ATP includes: the Tucson-based Warren Street Clinic, a dual-purpose clinical education facility which provides real-time tele-medicine specialty services across the network and hands-on training for participants in the ATP's regularly scheduled full day telemedicine courses; the T-Health Amphitheater, a video conferencing center located at the T-Health Institute on the Phoenix Biomedical Campus is in downtown Phoenix;  and the federally-funded Southwest Telehealth Resource Center, which provides technical support and staff training for telehealth programs in the southwestern United States. Research and development
Technology innovations, classifications, and validations

<mask> has had a career-long interest in the development of medical science research technologies including: freeze-fracture electron microscopy; urinary bladder flow cytometry; image analysis; holographic microscopy; robotic telepathology; quantitative immunohistochemistry; array light microscopy; and digital pathology. Cancer research

<mask> studied mechanisms of carcinogenesis, pre-cancer development, and cancer invasion and metastasis. He studied cell membrane properties in normal epithelium, pre-cancers and cancers.Medical science education reform

To encourage the democratization of medical science knowledge, <mask> developed a series of class-room courses on “mechanisms of diseases” that have been utilized in middle schools, high schools, and universities. Global health

<mask> was involved in the creation and evaluation of multi-national telemedicine and telepathology programs. In 1981–1983, he was International Councilor of the International Academy of Pathology. In 1998–1999, he was president of the International Council of Societies of Pathology, a World Health Organization registered entity. <mask> was an advisor on telemedicine for the Minister of Health in Mexico, China, and Panama. He was a frequent lecturer at international medical conferences. Publications

<mask> has published over 300 articles in peer reviewed scientific and pathology journals, 57 book chapters, and 11 books.These have been cited over 11,000 times in the science literature. Honors and awards
<mask> is president emeritus of the American Telemedicine Association. In 2013, he was inducted into the United States Distance Learning Association "Hall-of-Fame". The T-Health Amphitheater, in Phoenix, AZ, a "Classroom-of-the-Future" co-designed by <mask>, received the 21st Century Achievement Award, Education and Academia category, from the International Computer World Honors program. Involvement in business
In 1982, <mask>, and his sister and business partner, Beth Newburger, co-founded OWLCAT, Inc., an early entrant in the IBM computer-based, S.A.T. examination preparation course business. Two years later, OWLCAT, Inc. was acquired by Digital Research, Inc. (DRI).DRI successfully marketed the OWLCAT education software products. In 1985, <mask> and Newburger co-founded Corabi International Telemetrics, Inc.  Corabi equipped several US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Centers with robotic telepathology systems. These were used for proof-of-concept studies validating telepathology for clinical use. In 2001, <mask> co-founded DMetrix, Inc., a spin-out company of The University of Arizona's College of Optical Sciences. DMetrix, Inc. was awarded 29 US Patents on its DX-40 ultra-rapid array microscope digital slide scanner. For his work in university technology transfer, he received the University of Arizona's "2012 Technology Innovator-of-the-Year" Award. Personal life
In 1964, <mask> married the former Mary Corabi; they met while they were both working at Woods Hole.They have two grown children and two grandsons. References

External links
 <mask>'s 1982 interview of Benjamin Castleman archived in the National Library of Medicine's “AOA Leaders in Medicine” video series
 <mask>'s lecture at the “Fred and <mask>po Distinguished Leadership” event. at Johns Hopkins Medical School describing his work on improving health literacy for K-12 students
 International Society for Urological Pathology
 Arizona Telemedicine Program

1938 births
2021 deaths
American pathologists
Rush Medical College faculty
University of Arizona faculty
Union College (New York) alumni
Tufts University School of Medicine alumni
Scientists from New York (state)
People from Schenectady, New York

masks:
Ronald S
. Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Samuel S
. Stratton
Weinstein
Weinstein
Stanley Bullivant
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Weinstein
Janet Sanfilip


texts:
<mask> (born 24 February 1982) is an Argentine former professional footballer. He is a Mexican naturalized citizen. He previously played for Huracán, Atlético Rafaela and Rosario Central in Argentina; Derby County in England; and Atlas, Tecos, Cruz Azul, Pumas UNAM, Tigres UANL and Querétaro in Mexico. Career

Early career in Argentina and Mexico
Villa started his career at Club Atlético Huracán in the Primera Division Argentina in 2001. In 2003, he was transferred to Atlético Rafaela but the club were relegated at the end of the 2003–2004 season after a losing a playoff with Huracán de Tres Arroyos. After the disappointment of relegation with Rafaela, <mask> returned to the Primera the following season by joining Rosario Central. In 2006, he was signed by Atlas in Guadalajara.<mask> stayed in Guadalajara, after he was transferred to Tecos UAG for the Clausura 2007 tournament. Derby County
Villa signed for Premier League side Derby County on 4 January 2008 in a £2million deal. The move proved to be a controversial one as César Luis Menotti, then coach of Tecos, was not informed of Villa being sold. Villa signed a -year contract with the Rams and made his debut in a 1–0 home defeat against Wigan Athletic. He scored his first goal on 2 February 2008, with a last minute headed equaliser from a Dean Leacock cross, in a 1–1 draw away at Birmingham City. His first home goals came with a brace in a 2–2 draw with Fulham on 29 March 2008. His first a deflection from a Dean Leacock shot, his second a header after Mile Sterjovski crossed.However, a draw was not enough to help Derby survive relegation. It was the earliest a team had been relegated from the Premier League. Villa's first goal of the 08/09 season came against QPR as a substitute in a 2–0 away victory. On Sunday 2 November 2008, Villa scored an own-goal against Nottingham Forest, but exactly 10 minutes 12 seconds later Villa scored again, this time in the right goal, the game ended 1–1. Two days later Villa scored his first hat-trick for Derby; in a League Cup game against Brighton, becoming only the third player in 10 years to score three goals in one game for Derby. In the fourth round of the League Cup he scored again to claim his sixth goal of the season this time against Leeds United. Derby won the match 2–1 to book themselves in the quarter finals on the competition.Despite this, <mask> could not command a regular position in the Derby County line-up and, after Jewell was replaced by Nigel Clough he was deemed surplus to requirements, and revealed his desire to return to Mexico due to his wife's homesickness. He left Derby for £1.7 million. He made 53 appearances and scored 9 goals for The Rams. Return to Mexico
On 30 June 2009 he was linked with a move to Mexican club Cruz Azul . and on 1 July it was revealed that a fee rumoured to be of £1.7m had been agreed for <mask>, and he signed for the club on 2 July 2009. <mask> enjoyed a successful start to his Cruz Azul career, his first goals of the Mexico Apertura season came in a 3–0 win at Pumas UNAM and a brace in a 2–0 win over CF Monterrey. His first goal in the 2009-10 CONCACAF Champions League came in a 6–2 away victory at Herdiano.On 22 August <mask> played his first Mexico City Derby match "Clasico Joven", between  Cruz Azul and Club America, the match ended 2–3 in favor of the visitors, but "Tito" scored the partial 1–1, at the 41 minutes, then easily put away the goalkeeper Guillermo Ochoa to score his 5th goal in 5 matches during his first season as a  Cruz Azul player. <mask> scored four goals on 19 September 2009, in a game Cruz Azul won 4–2, over "Gladiadores" de San Luis. This was the first time he scored more than three goals in a game, the first three being for Derby County in a League Cup match against Brighton & Hove Albion.. After this game he has 10 goals in the tournament, and averages 1.1 goals per match. <mask> scored 2 more goals against Atlante F.C. making him the leader of the Apertura 2009 with 13 goals. On 7 November, he scored another couple of goals against Puebla FC with a 4–0 score, and in another match against Pachuca he scored once, having now 19 goals, above other players as Miguel Sabah, Salvador Cabañas, Humberto Suazo, Héctor Mancilla and Javier Hernández

<mask> scored his first goal in el torneo Bicentenario against his former team Atlas in a 3–1 win. He then began his goal streak scoring in the next game against San Luis in a 2–1 win.He then scored his first pair against Toluca in a 3–2 win. As of July 2011, <mask> has become one of the Top All-Time Scorers for Cruz Azul Team with 50 goals for the team. On 19 May 2012, his contract with Cruz Azul was over and both parties weren't able to end on an agreement, and on 24 May 2012 he was transferred to Pumas UNAM. Tigres UANL
On 15 November 2012, after a poor season with Pumas he signed with Tigres UANL. On 5 January 2013, <mask> made his official league debut with Tigres against Chiapas scoring a hat trick in the Estadio Universitario. On 19 January 2013, <mask> scored the goal for the victory of 1–0 of Tigres over Atlas de Guadalajara. <mask> scored one goal and gave an assist to Danilinho to the second goal in the victory of 2–0 of Tigres over Queretaro F.C.in the Estadio Corregidora on 26 January 2013. On 10 February 2013, <mask> scored one goal against Toluca for the victory of 4–1, in the Estadio Nemesio Díez. On 23 February 2013, <mask> scored for the first time on his career against his former team Cruz Azul. He scored the two goals of the victory of 2–1, at the Estadio Azul. On 28 February 2013, while training, <mask> suffered from a strain on his left calf. He missed five games. On 14 April 2013, he scored once more against a former team, this time to Pumas UNAM at the Estadio Olímpico Universitario in the defeat of Tigres by 2-1.On 6 July 2013, <mask> scored one goal for the victory of 5-1 against San Antonio Scorpions in a friendly game at the Toyota Field. On 18 September 2013, he scored a goal against Club Santos Laguna in the Copa MX at the Estadio Universitario for the 3-0 victory of Tigres. On 2 October 2013, <mask> scored a goal against archrival C.F. Monterrey for the 2-2 draw in the Copa MX quarterfinals played at the Estadio Tecnológico. Due to past physical issues and looking for a full recovery, <mask> did not play with Tigres the Clausura 2014 tournament. On mid-May, 2014, <mask> reported as ready for the Apertura 2014 tournament. He scored a goal against Club León on the victory of Tigres by 4-2 at the Estadio Universitario on 26 July 2014, in the second game of the league regular season.Villa participated scoring the third goal of a 5-1 victory over Monarcas Morelia at the Estadio Morelos, heading in a cross from Darío Burbano on a league game on 22 August 2014. Querétaro
On 29 December 2015, Querétaro announced that they reached an agreement with the player to sign him in a two-year contract with an option of one more at the end of the perspective one. Celaya
On 14 December 2017, Celaya announced the arrival of Villa on loan from Querétaro. Goals with Cruz Azul
Appearances and goals for Cruz Azul as of 19 April 2012. Personal life
<mask> and his wife Virginia have two children, Alessandro and Stefano. His nickname "Tito", was given by his grandfather. He is a fan of his former team Rosario Central.Honours

Club
Querétaro
Copa MX: Apertura 2016
Supercopa MX: 2017

Individual
Liga MX top scorer (2): Apertura 2009, Apertura 2015
CONCACAF Champions League Golden Boot: 2015–16

References

External links

 Argentine Primera statistics at Fútbol XXI

People from Casilda
1982 births
Living people
Argentine emigrants to Mexico
Naturalized citizens of Mexico
Mexican footballers
Argentine footballers
Association football forwards
Club Atlético Huracán footballers
Atlético de Rafaela footballers
Rosario Central footballers
Atlas F.C. footballers
Tecos F.C. footballers
Cruz Azul footballers
Club Universidad Nacional footballers
Tigres UANL footballers
Querétaro F.C. footballers
Derby County F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Argentine Primera División players
Liga MX players
Expatriate footballers in Chile
Expatriate footballers in England
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in England
Argentine expatriate footballers
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Mexico
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Chile

masks:
Emanuel Alejandro Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Emanuel Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa
Villa


texts:
<mask> (, 1874–1956) was a Georgian teacher, writer and women's rights activist. Born into an intellectual family in 1874, she completed the schooling available to her in Tiflis and then worked for a time in Didi Jikhaishi as a Russian language teacher. In 1903, she went to study dentistry in Moscow, where she became involved in the revolutionary student movement during the 1905 Russian Revolution. Returning to Tiflis the following year, she began to meet women writers and activists participating in the struggle for women's rights. She joined the Union of Georgian Women for Equal Rights in 1906, but three years later left the organization and co-founded the Caucasian Women's Society with a breakaway group of feminists. As chair of the new society, Tkeshelashvili was active in the struggle for women's suffrage, in advancing the education of workers and the poor, working towards improved employment conditions and higher education for women, while addressing concerns in connection with women's health and sexuality. Around 1912, she began contributing to magazines and newspapers, addressing the issues facing women.With developments following the 1917 Russian Revolution, feminists hoped that the new Georgian Republic would heed their demands for civic and political equality. Instead, state policy created the Zhenotdel (Women's Bureau) in 1919, which limited women's free participation in society. Together with other feminists, Tkeshelashvili continued to press for equal participation until Stalin's state policies abolished the Zhenotdel and neutralized their efforts. She turned to writing, mainly writing for children in the Soviet era. When the Soviet Union dissolved, Georgian feminists rediscovered the history of Tkeshelashvili and other early associates. Early life

<mask> <mask> was born in 1874 in Tiflis (known after 1936 as Tbilisi) in the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. Her father, whose family had been priests in the Georgian Orthodox Church, worked in agriculture and was an avid reader.Her mother was a close relative of the poet Akaki Tsereteli. From a young age, <mask> enjoyed reading works from her father's library and was influenced by displaced revolutionaries who were frequent visitors in her parents' home. These included Ilia Bakhtadze, a journalist using the pen name Ilia Khoneli; the novelist Leo Kiacheli; and Archil Abashidze. She attended their discussions and dreamed of going to Russia to attend high school, like her brother. Though she completed the local school and earned a medal, she was unable to attend teacher training courses. Through her parents, <mask> met Niko Nikoladze, who was living in Didi Jikhaishi, in the Imereti region of western Georgia with his wife, Olga Guramishvili-Nikoladze (, 1855-1940) one of the first Georgian women to study abroad. Educated in Switzerland, Guramishvili returned to Georgia, where she was involved in pedagogy.She became a mentor to <mask>, encouraging her to become a Russian-language teacher at the school she headed in Didi Jikhaishi. Besides teaching, she actively participated in literary evenings and read books from Nikoladze's library. In 1903, <mask> went to Moscow, finally able to attend courses at dental school. She became involved in student radicalism and agitated with the intelligentsia for democratic reforms. At the end of the 1905 Russian Revolution, Tsar Nicholas conceded to terms that created the Duma, which had legislative oversight, while protecting freedom of conscience, speech, and assembly for the citizenship. Career
Returning to Tiflis in 1906, <mask> found that the movement to expand civil and political rights had reached Georgia. She lived in a boarding house belonging to Ivane Machabeli.One of the other tenants, , was closely involved in public works projects. Demuria worked as a journalist and regularly gave lectures to the general public. She also ran a Sunday school to offer education to workers and hired <mask> to teach Russian language courses. Through her work with Demuria, <mask> gained a wider circle of friends and met other women writers, like Ekaterine Gabashvili, who was involved in the feminist movement. She joined the Union of Georgian Women for Equal Rights, which began planning a conference for all Russian women to be held in Tiflis in 1908. <mask> gave the opening address, calling on women to work for their freedom and cultural development. After the conference, recognizing that they wanted a more international approach than the Union of Georgian Women offered, a group led by <mask> parted in 1909 to form the Caucasian Women's Society () (CWS).Among the 135 founding members were Gabashvili, Babilina Khositashvili, <mask> Kipiani and Kato Mikeladze. Besides supporting women's suffrage, the CWS established clubs for working women in which they taught literacy and sewing. <mask> hosted literary evenings where speakers presented talks on the Russian classics. The CWS also mounted a strong campaign to uphold women's "moral standards", labeling prostitution a "social evil". They invited women to attend debates that discussed social issues such as  prostitution, education for the poor, employment conditions, higher education, and women's health and sexuality, among other topics. Around 1912, <mask> began publishing translations and original works in კვალი (Trace) and the children's magazine ჯეჯილი (Jejili, meaning "wheat shoots"), founded by Anastasia Tumanishvili-Tsereteli. That year, she also joined the editorial staff of ნაკადული (The Stream), where she met writers <mask> Nakashidze and Akaki Tsereteli.Writing under the pseudonym სუფრაჟისტკას (Suffragist), <mask> published works urging the political and civic equality of women. In 1914, during World War I, the Caucasian Women's Society began operating free canteens and sewing clothes for soldiers. <mask> also increased her literary output, writing for such journals as the Reference Sheet, The Rock, Theater and Life, and the Voice of Georgian Woman among others. One of her articles from the period, ქალი რევოლუციონურ კულტურის ფრონტზე (A Woman at the Front of Revolutionary Culture), evaluated women's economic dependence on men and confinement by social roles which tied them to the family. She postulated that Lenin's revolutionary ideas would free women from laws that were discriminatory. <mask> took courses at the Kutaisi Women's Gymnasium and between 1917 and 1918 was active in the Georgian independence movement, following the collapse of the Russian Empire at the end of the 1917 Revolution. When the Democratic Republic of Georgia was being formed, she participated in the district elections for the Social Democratic Party of Georgia, held at the Gymnasium, and was shocked that out of 20 candidates there was only one woman.When she lamented the numbers to the audience, the party chair asked her to name qualified candidates. <mask> gave him five names, but none were added to the ballot. She and other members of the Caucasian Women's Society cut all ties with the Social Democratic Party, recognizing that there was no genuine interest in their goals. Instead, the Party began promoting their own policies and became increasingly hostile to grassroots initiatives. In 1919 the Zhenotdel was founded which enacted government policies from the top down ignoring the real needs of women. The feminists continued to fight vigorously for their rights, meeting in private homes to discuss how best to continue their struggle. At one such meeting, Tkeshelashvili presented a story, მგალობელი ჩიტების ზეიმი (Mourning Birds Celebration) in which other women acted out the parts.It was an allegory of the feminist struggle and after its presentation, the other women dubbed her the მერცხალას (the Swallow), which she took on as a new pseudonym. In 1924, she wrote and participated in the public mock-trial, ქრისტინეს გასამართლება (Judging Christine) in which she protested the remnants of capitalism that continued to victimize women. The performance was very popular and was presented at theaters and workers' palaces. In 1930, Stalin abolished the Zhenotdel, effectively neutralizing the women's movement. Officially, a woman's primary obligation became motherhood and domestic work, a secondary function being social productivity. Feminists transformed from seeking equality to writing children's fiction, as it was an approved activity for women. From that time, <mask> wrote children's short stories and fables, which were run as features in Georgian magazines and newspapers.Her best works were ხუხულები (Hooks) and ასლამაზა (Alamosa) but other well-known pieces included სპილო და მტაცებლები (Elephant and Predators),  მგალობელი ჩიტები (Mourning Birds), and ვირი (Donkey). Death and legacy
<mask> died in her home town in 1956. Like most feminists of the times, her activism for women's rights was forgotten in the Soviet era. Her 1990 biography listed her as a writer but since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Georgian feminists have been exploring their past and reclaiming the stories of early contributors like Tkeshelashvili. See also
List of Georgian women writers

References

Citations

Bibliography

1874 births
1956 deaths
Writers from Tbilisi
Women's rights activists
20th-century women writers from Georgia (country)
20th-century educators
People from Tiflis Governorate
People from Georgia Governorate
Schoolteachers from Georgia (country)
Feminists from Georgia (country)
Suffragists from Georgia (country)
20th-century women educators

masks:
Nino Tkeshelashvili
Nino
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Nino
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Nino
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili
Tkeshelashvili


texts:
<mask> (1885–24 January 1945) was one of the few European rabbis to break ranks with Ashkenazi Orthodox Judaism to support an active effort to settle the land of Israel. He was murdered on a transport train during the closing days of World War II. Early life

<mask> was born in Hungary in 1885 from a family of well-known rabbis and Jewish leaders. His parents were Gittel and <mask>. His father was a scholar, teacher, and a chasid of the Rebbe of Sanz. At thirteen years of age, <mask> began his yeshiva study under Rabbi Shalom Weider who was the av beit din (town rabbi) of Nyíregyháza, Hungary. At age fifteen he moved to Żabno (now in Poland), where he was a student of Rabbi Shalom Unger.Teichtal returned to Hungary and at the age of twenty-one he received rabbinic ordination (semichah) from the Rebbe of Talisheva. He received another ordination a year later from Rabbi Shmuel Rosenberg and a third ordination the same year from Rabbi Mordechai Leib Winkler. Teichtal first married Freidl Ginz when he was 19 years of age. When Freidl died at a young age, he married Nechamah Friedman. In 1921 Teichtal became the av beit din and Rabbi of Piešťany, Czechoslovakia (present-day Slovakia), a city famous for its mineral baths. Remaining in Piešťany for 20 years, he established the Moriah yeshiva. World War II

Czechoslovakia was invaded in 1938 while Teichtal was still residing in Pishtian.As the Nazi oppression increased, he found himself along with ten other family members hiding at the local beit midrash (study hall). From his hiding place, he witnessed many atrocities, including the mass deportation of friends and neighbors. The Chief Rabbi of Slovakia in Nitra sent messengers offering refuge for <mask> and his family. In the month of Elul 1942, he and his family escaped into Hungary to go into hiding in Nitra. After much wandering, he finally ended up in Budapest, where he remained for nearly two years. In Budapest he completed his seminal work, Eim HaBanim Semeicha, after working on it for a little more than one year. In 1944, Hungary was invaded by the Nazis.Thinking that Slovakia might be safe, the <mask> family returned there to wait out the end of the war. When the Nazis stepped up their efforts to find remaining Jews, <mask> and his family were captured and transported to Auschwitz. Death

As the Soviet army advanced through Poland in January 1945, <mask> and his family were among the inmates of Auschwitz transported deeper into Germany. <mask> died in a train on his way to the Mauthausen concentration camp on the 10th of Shevat, 5705 (January 24, 1945). The following quote is from Rabbi Chayim Menachem <mask>, relating an account of his father's death on the train transport:

After starving their victims for a number of days, the oppressors tossed each of them a meager crust of bread, with the evil intent of having them fight pathetically for their paltry allotment. Indeed, one of the Ukrainians grabbed the portion of a Jew – my father’s neighbor – who was desperate for this crust of bread. This angered my father, who demanded the return of the theft.The other travelers begged my father not to get involved, since it might cost him his life. But he said, “How can I stand by when the wronged man’s life depends on this food?” Indeed he insisted on taking a stand, and the Ukrainians, with the cooperation of the Nazi soldiers, rose against him and killed him, after torturing him mercilessly. Zionism

As a result of the Holocaust, <mask> changed his position on land of Israel, as he struggled to make meaning out of what was happening around him. His carefully constructed arguments are outlined in his book Eim HaBanim Semeicha, penned during his wanderings in hiding from his Nazi oppressors and their collaborators. In that work, first published in 1943, he makes a case for the rebuilding of the land of Israel bringing about the ultimate redemption. In this respect, his work had a precursor in the works of Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook. His original view had been that of the majority in the Hungarian Orthodox Jewish world at the time, which discouraged an active movement for a return of Jews to Israel.The prevalent view at that time was that God would bring about a return without the need of human intervention. The Holocaust caused him to re-think this approach, and he came to the conclusion that the reason the Jewish people had not been redeemed was because they had not returned to their homeland, the land of Israel, to resettle and rebuild it to its former glory. Legacy
<mask> wrote other works besides Eim HaBanim Semeicha, in particular, a book of responsa entitled Mishneh Sochir. He was a prolific writer, and miraculously a number of his other works survived both his murder and the Holocaust. Some works are still in manuscript form and have not yet been published. The Mishneh Sachir Center located in Bnei Brak, Israel is an advanced Talmudic learning academy named in <mask>'s memory, carrying on his work and preserving his legacy. <mask>'s sermons for the festivals and his Torah commentary were published in 2011 and 2015 respectively, also with the title Mishneh Sochir.Lately, Isaac Hershkowitz has completed a comprehensive study on <mask>'s works. He demonstrated that some of <mask>'s ideological changes that had been attributed to the war had indeed occurred even earlier – in the early 1930s. This metamorphosis is reflected both in his views and even more significantly in his halakhic methodology. Moreover, by means of examining the dates of various parts of Eim Habanim Semeichah, and by analyzing Teichtal's ideological stances during the various stages of his compilation, it becomes clear that the book does not present a clear-cut stand on any of the basic issues of Religious Zionism's conceptions, as well as Orthodoxy's beliefs. Moreover, <mask>'s doctrines are filled with retractions and contradictions, and his positions swing from Hungarian Orthodoxy to Religious Zionist thought. In the earlier stages of Eim HaBanim Semeicha, <mask> spoke more of the importance of the Land of Israel and its building as a crucial stage of the Redemption, in order to stimulate significant down-to-earth developments. However, in the latter parts of his book, he granted theological and mystical value to indexes measuring inner unity in the Jewish nation, thus protesting actively against the creators of the Orthodox-Neolog schism in Hungarian Jewry.Hershkowitz argues that Eim HaBanim Semeicha should be analyzed as a dialectical compilation, and not as a canonical work. Accordingly, it is not meant to outline a world with only one meaning, and consequently, Teichtal is not obligated to explain each
division. The objective of the compilation is to float fundamental issues of nationalism and derivative ideas such as the link between God and Israel during the Redemption, the nature of Redemption, and methods of its implementation. Teichtal wanted to include within his book the boundaries various implications arising from an open discussion, and not to dictate only one world view. Thus, he did not attempt to obscure this tension; on the contrary, he gave it expression in various ways. The essence of Eim HaBanim Semeicha, and of the other shifts in Teichtal's religious concepts ever since the rise of the Nazi regime, is affixed to his ability to express harsh criticism of those rabbinic personalities who had shaped his own world, as well as the entire world of Hungarian Orthodoxy for close to eighty years, and publicly criticize the schism within Hungarian Jewish communities in addition to Orthodoxy's shirking of a vision of Redemption. Rabbi Eli Kavon, while talking about his legacy, said,  "His life and death – are a testament to the vibrancy and relevance of the ideas and theology of ultra-Orthodox Jewish rabbis who were murdered by the Nazis and their collaborators during the devastating events of 70 years ago."See also
 Eim HaBanim Semeicha

References

Further reading
Eim Habanim Semeichah: on Eretz Yisrael, Redemption, and Unity, by Harav Yisachar Shlomo Teichtal published 2000 by Kol Mevaser Publications, Israel. Translated by Moshe Lichtman. Theology after the Shoah: The Transformation of the Core Paradigm, by Irving Greenberg; (2006) Modern Judaism, Volume 26, Number 3, pp. 213–239
Faith, Ethics and the Holocaust:  Some Personal Theological and Religious Responses to the Holocaust by Immanuel Jakobovits; (1988) Holocaust and Genocide Studies; Volume 3: pp. 371–381

External links
Complete text of Eim Habanim Semeichah Online The Jews of Hungary During the Holocaust
Article from the Orthodox Union
Zionist Leaders
Chaburat Eim Habanim Semeichah—On-line study of Eim Habanim Semeichah and related topics
Daniel Reiser Aspects in the Thought of Rabbi Yisachar <mask> <mask> and a Study of New Documents, Yad Vashem Studies, vol. 43:2 (2015), pp. 143–190
The Vision of Redemption in Rabbi Yissakhar <mask> <mask>'s Writings: Changes in his Messianic Approach During the Holocaust, by Isaac Hershkowitz; Ph.D. dissertation, Bar-Ilan University (2009).1885 births
1945 deaths
20th-century rabbis
Hasidic rabbis in Europe
Slovak Orthodox rabbis
Religious Zionism
Hungarian Orthodox rabbis
People who died in Mauthausen concentration camp
Auschwitz concentration camp prisoners
Hungarian civilians killed in World War II
Hungarian Jews who died in the Holocaust

masks:
Yissachar Shlomo Teichtal
Yissachar Shlomo Teichtal
Yitzchak Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Teichtal
Shlomo
Teichtal
Shlomo
Teichtal


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<mask> (16 November 1812 – 29 January 1854) was an Italian archaeologist. Biography
<mask> was born in Dalmatia, in Spalato (today Split, Croatia), in a well-to-do family. His father died when he was 19 years old. He joined the seminary, where he studied grammar, philosophy and rhetoric. He carried on his studies of theology at the central seminary in Zara against the wishes of his father, who wanted him to run the family business. He was then sent to study in Vienna, at the Augustinian Institute, where he completed his studies and celebrated his first mass. The latter was celebrated in the private chapel of monsignor L. Altieri, wo had taken him under his wing.His first publication, entitled Piombo unico inedito attribuito a Teodora figlia di Giovanni Ducas moglie di Michele VIII Paleologo was about a piece in the collection of the Altieri princes. In 1842, he was called to the chair of history and religion at the Seminary of Spalato, but not having received permission to examine the archive of the Metropolitan Chapter of the city, after a short stay in Padua for a degree in theology he decided to return to Vienna (1840) believing to be able to discover findings of the historical events of Dalmatia's past. In the State Archives of the Austrian capital, Carrara found over 250 documents relating to the period from 1078 and 1694. However, he aroused some envy in the restricted circle of researchers, which was also due to his brusque style and sharp judgments. He became curator of the Museum of Spalato and obtained a government grant, in 1844 he began an excavation campaign in Salona which proved to be very successful, with a series of interesting findings that helped to get a better knowledge of the Roman city. In these years he strengthened his friendship with some of the greatest Dalmatian and Italian intellectuals of the time, including Niccolò Tommaseo, Cesare Cantù, <mask>'Ongaro and Pier Alessandro Paravia. The most important excavations and the controversies
The envy of the detractors intertwined in those years with the turbulence within the Austrian Empire.In 1847, <mask> – at the head of the Dalmatian delegation – took part in the Congress of Italian Scientists in Venice, where he gave a report entitled "The Excavations of Salona" (Gli scavi di Salona), published by the Giornale Euganeo di Scienze e Lettere. On his return to Spalato he devoted himself to a campaign of studies and excavations along the Cetina river, to study the position of the Roman Aequum and the Pons Tiluri, which led from Tenin to Narona and in Bosnia to the ancient Delminium. In October 1849, he was revoked from teaching at the seminary in Spalato, accused of nurturing exalted political ideas and instilling them in young people. A petition signed by 170 citizens and articles in his defense in the city newspapers were to no avail. Yet, for the time being, funding for archaeological excavations weren't interrupted. In 1850, he published in Trieste the volume Topography and Excavations of Salona (Topografia e scavi di Salona), which remains his most famous work. Divided into two parts, the first deals with the topography of Salona, while the second analytically describes the works on the monuments and artifacts discovered year by year from 1846 to 1849.The work is accompanied by seven original plates, based on surveys carried out over the years. He then resumed excavations, but was forced to suspend them as his funding was withdrawn. <mask> appealed to the government and even to king Frederick Augustus II of Saxony, a botany enthusiast, a visitor to Dalmatia at the time and an admirer of Sebenico native botanist Roberto de Visiani: all was in vain. The only assignment he managed to get was to compose an anthology for schools. <mask> then embarked on a study trip to Venice, at the Marciana Library. The result was a work in two volumes, of which only the first - dedicated to the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries - was published (Antologia italiana, Vienna 1853). Last years
At the end of 1852, <mask> fell ill in the lungs and therefore was forced to give up the position – however unpaid – of curator of the Museum and Antiquities of Spalato.Unexpectedly, in 1853 he was nominated as professor in the Santa Caterina gymnasium in Venice. Despite fearing for his own health, he accepted and moved to Venice with his mother and sister, but died there on 29 January 1854. Legacy

The headquarters of the Community of Italians in Spalato is named after Spalato's native <mask>. In Croatian sources his name is sometimes also transliterated Franjo <mask>. Chief works
 Teodora Ducaina Paleologhina. Piombo unico inedito, Vienna 1840
 Archivio capitolare di Spalato, Spalato 1844
 Chiesa di Spalato un tempo Salonitana, Trieste 1844 - L'opera completa è visibile qui
 La Dalmazia descritta con 48 tavole miniate rappresentanti i principali costumi nazionali, Zara 1846
 Canti del popolo dalmato, Zara 1849
 Della vita e degli scritti di Giovanni Cattalinich, Zara 1849 - L'opera completa è visibile qui
 Topografia e scavi di Salona, Trieste 1850 - L'opera completa è visibile qui
 De' scavi di Salona nel 1850, Praga 1852 - L'opera completa è visibile qui
 Antologia italiana, proposta alle classi de' ginnasi liceali, Vienna 1853

Bibliography
 S. Bralić, Il piccolo mondo dalmata visto con gli occhi di <mask> - 150 anni dalla morte, in Adriatico/Jadran. Rivista di cultura tra le due sponde.Atti del I Congresso internazionale della Cultura Adriatica, Fondazione Ernesto Giammarco, Pescara 2005, pp. 162–173
 D. Garbin, Salona negli scavi di <mask>, Centro Ricerche Culturali Dalmate di Spalato, Spalato 2007
 S.Gliubich, Dizionario biografico degli uomini illustri della Dalmazia, ristampa anastatica dell'edizione di Vienna-Zara del 1856, Arnaldo Forni Editore, Bologna 1974
 F. Semi, <mask>, in F.Semi-V.Tacconi (cur. ), Istria e Dalmazia. Uomini e tempi. Dalmazia, Del Bianco, Udine 1992
 C. von Wurzbach, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaisertums Österreich, II, Wien 1857

References

Dalmatian Italians
Italian archaeologists
1812 births
1854 deaths

masks:
Francesco Carrara
Carrara
Francesco Dall
Carrara
Carrara
Carrara
Carrara
Francesco Carrara
Carrara
Francesco Carrara
Francesco Carrara
Francesco Carrara