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<mask> (28 July 1899 – 13 March 1986) was a German politician. He was the "lord mayor" () of Dresden during the most intensive period of the city's rebuilding, between 1946 and 1958. Life

Early years
<mask> was born at the tail end of the nineteenth century in Lauter, a small town in the Kingdom of Saxony some 20 km (12 miles) from the German frontier with Bohemia which at that time was still part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. His father worked from home as a weaver of punnets/baskets. He attended school locally and then between 1914 and 1917, undertook an apprenticeship as a carpenter. In 1918, the year of his nineteenth birthday, he was briefly called up for military service. He joined the Workers' Youth Movement in 1916 and in 1919 joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, USPD) which had broken away from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD /)) a couple of years earlier primarily, at that time, because of the mainstream party's continuing support for the war.Like many USPD party members he quit the party after a couple more years, and in 1922 switched to the Communist Party (KPD). Carpentry, unemployment and politics
Between March 1919 and 1928 worked as a carpenter in Zwickau:  there were also periods of unemployment and travel. Along with his membership of the KPD he was part of the local party leadership in Zwickau and also, from 1925 till 1928, a member of the regional party leadership in the nearby Ore Mountains district, a predominantly rural region interspersed with significant areas of commercial mining activity. In addition, between 1924 and 1928 he sat as a local councilor in Zwickau. From July 1928 he took on responsibility for the party's central publications operation on the other side of the country in Essen, a responsibility he retained till 1932. In 1929 <mask> was elected leader of the Carpentry Trades Union in the Essen district, but he resigned three days later on account of "party factionalism" which was a feature of left-wing politics in Germany during the 1920s. Reichstag member
In the general election of July 1932 the Communist Party won 14.3% of the national vote which entitled it to 89 seats in the Reichstag.One of those seats went to <mask>. In the next election which took place in November of that same year, the share of the votes going to the Communist Party increased a little, to 16.9%, and <mask> remained a de facto Reichstag member till March 1933. By that time the focus of attention was fixed on the NSDAP (Nazi Party) which had taken power in January 1933 and lost little time in establishing one-Party government in Germany. March 1933 saw the third national Reichstag election in less than a year. In early February the Nazis, now in power, had "unleashed a campaign of violence and terror that dwarfed anything seen so far." Storm troopers began attacking trade union and Communist Party (KPD) offices and the homes of left-wingers, extending their violence to Social Democrats later in the month. When the votes were counted the Communist share of the vote was down to 12.3%, but <mask> retained his seat under the rules then in force.Despite all their efforts in the run-up to the election the Nazi Party still failed to gain an overall majority of seats in the Reichstag. However, on 23 March 1933 they passed an Enabling Act, which in effect transformed the Hitler government into a legally sanctioned dictatorship. Political parties other than the Nazi Party were banned, and the Communist Party, as could have been predicted from Hitler's rhetoric over the previous decade, was at the top of the Nazi hit-list. March 1933 was <mask>'s last month as a member of the national legislature. Later in 1933 he was detained in the recently opened Sonnenburg concentration camp. Nazi Germany: exile and imprisonment
In 1934, on his release from the concentration camp, <mask> undertook further work for the Communist Party, which now counted as illegal activity. During 1934 and 1935 he underwent further terms of "investigatory detention"  in Schwarzenberg and Dresden.At the end of September 1935 he emigrated to Prague. In December 1936 he moved on to Denmark where, using the cover name "Karl Förster", he worked with the northern regional German Communist Party (now in exile). In April 1938, "in absentia", he had his German citizenship withdrawn. In April 1940 Denmark was occupied by the German army and <mask> was interned. At the start of 1941 he was returned to Germany by the police and after a further period of detention on 3 June 1942 he was put on trial (briefly) in the People's Court (Volksgerichtshof), a special court set up by the government outside the constitutional frame of law and used for trials involving a widely drawn range of  "political offenses". He received the conventional fifteen-year prison sentence for "Preparing to commit High Treason". For over three years he was held in a succession of prisons including those at Brandenburg-Görden, Waldheim and Leipzig.In February 1945, after the Destruction of Dresden, <mask> was part of a Prisoners' Detachment moved to the city to help make a start on clearing the residual rubble. His detention was ended on 7/8 May 1945 when the Red Army arrived in Dresden. Soviet occupation zone
The end of World War II, in May 1945, heralded a return to multi-party politics and on his release <mask> rejoined the KPD. The whole of Saxony now fell within the Soviet occupation zone of what remained of Germany. He also joined the local "Anti-Fascist Committee" for the Strehlen quarter of Dresden. The whole of the area was under Soviet Military Administration, and before the end of May 1945 <mask> had been placed in charge of regional administration for Dresden-Leuben. On 5 July 1945 he became first deputy lord mayor of Dresden, serving at this time under "Lord Mayor" (), Johannes Müller.In this position <mask> enjoyed the support of the leading Communist party functionaries in Saxony, Hermann Matern and Kurt Fischer, which already gave him great power over city administration. <mask>'s political approach was appropriate to the times. He justified his newly acquired power on the grounds that he possessed "proper political convictions" while condemning political opponents as reactionaries. The German Democratic Republic would be founded formally only in October 1949, but already the basis for a return to one-party government had created in April 1946, under Soviet administration, with the contentious merger between the old Communist Party and the Moderate-left SPD. <mask> was one of thousands of Communist Party members who promptly signed his membership across to the new SED (party) which would become the young country's ruling party under its ever more overtly Soviet style constitution. Oberbürgermeister
In October 1945 Johannes Müller ceased to be Lord Mayor of Dresden, following a speech in which he had mentioned the difficulties of pursuing the rebuilding of Dresden while having to work in collaboration with the Soviet
administrators. He was succeeded by Gustav Leißner who held the office for just over a year.At a time when mayoral responsibilities were focused on food and shelter, Leißner was an energetic administrator who tried to stand aside from the political parties, but this involved working with the major parties from both sides of the political spectrum, including the "bourgeois" parties, the CDU and the LDPD. The "bourgeois" parties appreciated a bipartisan approach, which nevertheless ran counter to the increasingly apparent agenda of the new Soviet sponsored SED. At a City Council meeting on 10 October 1946 <mask> was elected Lord Mayor (Oberbürgermeister) of Dresden in succession to Gustav Leißner after the SED councilors had taken the meeting by surprise and withdrawn their support from Leißner. The new mayors most pressing priorities covered matters on which he had already been working such as police and personnel decisions along with rebuilding the city. In October 1947 a de-Nazification Commission was also established, over which <mask> presided in person. He would be re-elected Lord Mayor and confirmed in office by the Party Central Committee in 1950, 1953 and 1957, resigning eventually in 1958 (possibly on health grounds). High on the agenda during his early years in office was the ongoing clearance of wreckage and the rebuilding of the city.He had already, in January 1946, produced a paper entitled "1946, the first year of the great rebuilding" in which he set out a proposed political framework. There was a lively debate on the "rebuild or new build?" question. <mask> himself was a proponent of "new build", and had no time for architectural treasures or the care of old memorials. He conducted a vigorous and long-running public argument with the Dresden art historian and conservationist  on the issues involved. Nearly sixty years later <mask> was still identified in an opinionated press report on the rebuilding of the Frauenkirche as a "concrete-headed communist". Despite his own well known reservations about the nature and extent of Dresden's cultural and artistic heritage, <mask> was the president of the government delegation that arranged for the recovery from the Soviet Union of Dresden's Old Masters' Gallery's artistic treasures (which had been placed in safe storage during World War II, but then confiscated by the Red Army in 1945).In connection with this he traveled to Moscow in August 1955 as part of a high-profile East German government delegation. Sustaining international contacts on behalf of his country's ruling party was important to <mask>, who also visited West Germany as a representative of the Socialist "New Germany". On 3 December 1958, with the agreement of the city council, <mask> resigned as mayor. He had already, on 29 November, accepted an alternative appointment as Dresden District Council Chairman in succession to Rudolf Jahn. However, on 21 January 1961 <mask> was released from this office as well, on account of serious illness. This marked his retirement, although in the event he would continue to be politically active in less full-time capacities for many years. He remained a member of the Dresden city council till 1967.He also retained his position in the Dresden Party Leadership and district head of the AntiFascist Resistance fighters. Power beyond the city limits
Beyond his responsibilities in the city itself, <mask> also sat as a member of the regional legislative assembly (Landtag) for Saxony, where he chaired the "Communities Committee" from 1946 till 1952 when the regional assemblies and the regional tier of government were abolished in the German Democratic Republic: this was part of a process of concentrating power within The Party that had been under way since before the country's foundation three years earlier. Naturally he was also a member of the city and regional party leaderships. In addition, during the late 1940s and early 1950s Weidauer was a member of various community organisations and associations, propagating new theories of community politics, above all in opposition to the more parliamentary approach favoured by the despised "bourgeois parties". However, following the foundation of the state in 1949, the abolition of the regional tier of government in 1952, and the taming of the "bourgeois parties", community politics became ever less important. During 1948/49 <mask> was a member of the German People's Council and then, until its abolition, of the (provisional) Chamber of States (Länderkammer), a legislative chamber secondary in status and function to the more prominent People's Chamber (Volkskammer):  the Länderkammer had already been largely sidelined some years before its formal abolition in 1958. Retirement and death
After his retirement from full-time politics <mask> turned to historical research, focusing in particular on the destruction of the city in February 1945.He also found himself compelled to ideological confrontation of the "toxic role of German imperialism". Awards and honours (not a complete list)
<mask> died in Dresden on 13 March 1986, aged 86. Publications (not necessarily a complete list)
1946, das erste Jahr des grossen Dresdner Aufbauplanes, Rat der Stadt, Nachrichtenamt, Dresden 1946. Die Verwirklichung des grossen Dresdner Aufbauplanes für das Jahr 1946. Stand d. Arbeiten nach dem ersten halben Jahr, Ratsdruckerei, Dresden 1946. Probleme des Neu- und Wiederaufbaus, Berlin 1947. Neue Wege der Kommunalpolitik, Voco, Dresden 1948.Das gesellschaftliche Leben in der modernen Stadt, Dresden 1955. Inferno Dresden - Über Lügen und Legenden um die Aktion „Donnerschlag“, Dietz, Berlin 1965, 8th edition Dietz, Berlin 1990. 1959 Hero of Labour
1964 Honorary Senator of Carl Gustav Carus Medical Academy
1969 Order of Karl Marx
1969 Honorary Citizenship of Dresden
1969 Martin Andersen Nexö Arts prize
1974 Patriotic Order of Merit Gold Clasp
1979 Grand star of People's Friendship

In July 1989 Dresden's City Hall Square was renamed "Walter Weidauer Square". 1989 and 1990 were years of political change, however, and on 1 October 1990, a couple of days ahead of formal reunification, the Square reverted to its former name. References

1899 births
1986 deaths
People from Lauter-Bernsbach
People from the Kingdom of Saxony
Independent Social Democratic Party politicians
Communist Party of Germany politicians
Socialist Unity Party of Germany politicians
Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic
Members of the Chamber of States
Members of the Landtag of Saxony
Mayors of Dresden
Exiles from Nazi Germany
Communists in the German Resistance
Recipients of the Order of Karl Marx
Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit (honor clasp)

masks:
Walter Weidauer
Arno Walter Weidauer
Weidauer
Walter Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Walter Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Walter Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Walter Weidauer
Walter Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Walter Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Weidauer
Walter Weidauer
Walter Weidauer


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<mask> (born 6 December 1990) is an Austrian tennis player. Paszek has won three singles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as three singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. Her greatest success so far: she reached the quarterfinals of a Grand Slam tournament twice, 2011 and 2012 at the Wimbledon Championships. On 11 February 2013, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 26. On 6 May 2013, she peaked at No. 93 in the doubles rankings.Over her career, Paszek has defeated top ten players Marion Bartoli, Elena Dementieva, Daniela Hantuchová, Ana Ivanovic, Jelena Janković, Angelique Kerber, Flavia Pennetta, Francesca Schiavone, Patty Schnyder, and Caroline Wozniacki. Biography
Paszek was introduced to tennis by her mother, Françoise <mask>, at age four-and-a-half. Her mother is a Chilean-born Austrian of Polish and French descent; and her father, Ariff Mohamed, a Tanzanian-born, Kenyan-raised Canadian of Indian descent. Tamira has a Polish surname from her maternal grandfather. Tennis career

2005–07
As a junior, Paszek was a singles finalist in the 2005 Girls' Championship at Wimbledon and at the US Open in 2006. In September 2005, she won her first title at an ITF tournament in Sofia. In October of the same year she received a wildcard to appear at her first WTA tournament in Linz; she defeated Elena Vesnina in the first round and lost to Ana Ivanovic after a tough first set.In 2006, she passed qualifying in Istanbul, where she lost in the second round to Catalina Castaño; and in Portorož at the Slovenia Open, where she won her first WTA Tour title by defeating No. 6 seed Maria Elena Camerin, in straight sets. That was her career-first singles title in only her third main draw. It made her the youngest singles titlist in 2006 and the seventh-youngest of all time, the youngest winner being Tracy Austin. A month later, at the Zurich Open, she lost to Camerin in the second round of qualifying. She finished 2006 as world No. 181 in the WTA rankings.Paszek started at the Australian Open, where she qualified for the main draw and defeated top-40 player Séverine Brémond in straight sets in the first round, before losing to No. 22 seed Vera Zvonareva. After her loss to Li Na in the second round of the Miami Masters, Paszek broke into the top 100. At the French Open, she was defeated by Justine Henin in the second round. At <mask>'s first grass tournament of her career, she reached the third round in Birmingham, losing to Maria Sharapova in a tight match. At Wimbledon, she reached the fourth round after beating two seeded players, No. 17 seed Tatiana Golovin and No.12 seed Elena Dementieva; she then eventually lost to No. 5 seed Svetlana Kuznetsova, in straight sets. The win pushed her up 19 places to No. 35, a career high and only a few spots from a guaranteed seeding at the US Open. <mask> also participated at the Fed Cup for Austria. She won her first two matches in the group stage against Australia but lost both her matches in the World Group play-offs against Israel; a singles match against Shahar Pe'er and a doubles match, partnering Melanie Klaffner. <mask> debuted on the US Open, reaching the fourth round, beating the No.24 and No. 11 seeds, Francesca Schiavone and Patty Schnyder, on the way. She lost to the sixth seed, Anna Chakvetadze. <mask> decided against defending her title at the Slovenia Open, in favour of the China Open tournament in Beijing. However, she lost in the second round to fourth-seeded Elena Dementieva (whom she beat in Wimbledon) in less than an hour. 2008–2009
At the Auckland Open, Paszek made it to the semifinals, losing to veteran Lindsay Davenport. In the first round of the Australian Open, Paszek played third-seeded Jelena Janković.In the deciding set, <mask> led by two games and had three match points before Janković came back to win the three-hour match. Following this she lost in the first round of Doha to Patty Schnyder. Then she competed for the first time as a seed in a Tier I tournament at Indian Wells retiring in the third round to Casey Dellacqua. Then in Miami she was defeated by Anna Chakvetadze in the second round. This started a losing streak of six straight matches running through the French Open and Wimbledon. At Wimbledon she lost her second marathon match of the year to Francesca Schiavone. It came to an end in Los Angeles where she defeated Aiko Nakamura only to lose to Flavia Pennetta in the second round.On 31 July, Paszek beat world No. 1, Ana Ivanovic, in the third round of the Rogers Cup in Montreal in three sets. In the quarterfinals, she played Victoria Azarenka, to whom she lost. In the first round of Cincinnati, she lost to Petra Cetkovská. At the US Open, Paszek defeated the 23rd seed Maria Kirilenko, only then to lose to the lower ranked opponent Magdaléna Rybáriková. Paszek was runner-up in Bali. She reached the final, after taking out the seventh seed Flavia Pennetta and the top seed Daniela Hantuchová where she lost against Patty Schnyder.She then withdrew from the Linz Open due to injury. Paszek ended her professional relationship with coach Lari Passos and is now coached by Angel Giminez. In the first round of the Australian Open, Paszek lost to wildcard Jelena Dokić in three sets. She passed the first round at Indian Wells, winning in straight sets against Mara Santangelo, and lost in the second round against 21st seed Alisa Kleybanova. 2010

Paszek began 2010 season at the Auckland Open where she retired during her second round of qualifying match against Rebecca Marino. Her next tournament was the Hobart International. She beat qualifier Roberta Vinci in the first round.In the second round, she lost to eighth seed Gisela Dulko. At the Australian Open, Paszek was defeated in the first round by Julia Görges. At the WTA indoor event in Paris, Paszek lost in the first round to eventual finalist Lucie Šafářová. To reach the main draw at the Dubai Championships, Paszek entered qualifying. She was defeated in the second round of qualifying by Anna-Lena Grönefeld. In March, Paszek competed at the Indian Wells Open. She lost in the first round to Julie Coin.Playing at the Miami Open, she was defeated in the second round by 22nd seed Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova. <mask> lost in early rounds of Marbella, Barcelona and Fes, and didn't enter the French Open. Instead, she played a $25k tournament in Izmir and won it, beating Çağla Büyükakçay. Her next event was ITF Budapest. She qualified, defeating Vanda Lukács and Jana Čepelová, and reached the second round, losing to Lenka Wienerová. She then entered the Wimbledon Championships, qualified, but lost to Kurumi Nara in the second round. She tried to qualify in Budapest defeating Eleni Daniilidou and Jessica Moore but lost to Andreja Klepač.Her next tournament was the Prague Open where she entered qualifying. Paszek defeated Tadeja Majerič and then crushed top seed Anastasia Rodionova but then lost to Liana Ungur. After losing the first set 2–6, Paszek went to play better, yet then retired because of the heat and a stomach complaint. But, because Gisela Dulko withdrew, Paszek gained her chance to enter to the main draw. She faced Frenchwoman Alizé Cornet and lost in a match that lasted three hours and 40 minutes. At the Slovenia Open, she defeated Jelena Kostanić Tošić for her first main-draw win since Ponte Vedra Beach in 2009. She then faced Stefanie Vögele and lost.After some bad losses in qualifying of the Premier tournaments, <mask> found her form in the US Open where she entered qualifying. She defeated Michaëlla Krajicek, Korea's Kim So-jing and Russia's Evgeniya Rodina to reach the main draw. In the final qualifying round, <mask> trailed Rodina 2–6 after the first set before coming back to win the second and blank the Russian in the third. In the first round of the main draw, she defeated 26th seed Lucie Šafářová, despite being three games behind in the second set. She lost to Chan Yung-jan in the second round. Her next tournament was the Bell Challenge where she defeated Marina Erakovic in the first and Jill Craybas in the second round. In her first quarterfinal of 2010, she defeated No.8 seed Sofia Arvidsson. She then crushed Christina McHale in the semifinal to book her place in the final, where she won the title by beating Bethanie Mattek-Sands. 2011: Wimbledon quarterfinal

<mask> began the 2011 season at the Auckland Open where she lost in the first round to eighth seed Sofia Arvidsson. At the Hobart International, Paszek qualified for the main draw defeating Darya Kustova, Stéphanie Dubois, and sixth seed Kateryna Bondarenko. In the first round, she beat Australian wildcard Olivia Rogowska. She was defeated in the second round by sixth seed and eventual champion Jarmila Groth. Ranked ninety at the Australian Open, Paszek lost in the first round to Vania King.In February, Paszek played at the Pattaya Open in Thailand, and was defeated in the first round by top seed and two-time defending champion Vera Zvonareva. Paszek lost in the final round of qualifying at the Dubai Championships to Nuria Llagostera Vives. Paszek qualified for the Indian Wells Open beating Madison Brengle and Andrea Hlaváčková. She lost her first-round match to Anabel Medina Garrigues. She also lost in the first round of qualifying at the Miami Open to Nuria Llagostera Vives. Paszek began her clay-court season at the Charleston Open. She defeated Melanie Oudin in the first round.She lost in the second round to third seed Jelena Janković. Paszek qualified for the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix beating Sesil Karatantcheva, Lenka Juríková, and Zuzana Kučová. She was defeated in the first round by German Andrea Petkovic. In Portugal at the Estoril Open, Paszek qualified for the tournament defeating Ekaterina Ivanova, Laura Siegemund, and Heather Watson. She retired during her first-round match versus Anastasiya Yakimova. Paszek played at the Italian Open where she qualified for the tournament beating Casey Dellacqua and Virginie Razzano. However, she was defeated in the first round by Elena Vesnina.Ranked 85 at the French Open, Paszek lost in the first round to 29th seed Peng Shuai. Paszek began her grass-court season at the Nottingham Trophy. Seeded third, she advanced to the quarterfinals where she lost to eventual champion Eleni Daniilidou. In the Birmingham Classic, Paszek reached the third round after wins over Sania Mirza and sixth seed Ekaterina Makarova. She lost her third-round match to eventual champion Sabine Lisicki. Getting through qualifying at the Eastbourne International, Paszek lost in the first round to second seed Li Na. Ranked 80 at the Wimbledon Championships, she reached the quarterfinals for the first time in her career after victories over Ayumi Morita, Christina McHale, sixth seed Francesca Schiavone, and Ksenia Pervak.She lost her quarterfinal match to fourth seed Victoria Azarenka. Paszek began the US Open Series at the first edition of the Washington Open. Seeded third, she made it to the semifinals defeating Melanie Oudin, qualifier Madison Brengle, and Stéphanie Dubois. She lost in her semifinal match to top seed Shahar Pe'er. At the Carlsbad Open, Paszek retired during her third-round match against Sloane Stephens due to a left abdominal injury. Ranked thirty-seven at the US Open, Paszek lost in the first round to Akgul Amanmuradova. Seeded third and the defending champion at the Challenge Bell, <mask> was defeated in the semifinals by Marina Erakovic.Competing in Tokyo at the Pan Pacific Open, Paszek lost in the first round to Christina McHale. In Beijing at the China Open, Paszek upset tenth seed Jelena Janković in their first-round match. She then had a three-set victory over Petra Cetkovská in the second round. She was defeated in the third round by Maria Kirilenko. At Linz, she lost in the first round to qualifier Sorana Cîrstea. Paszek played her final tournament of the year at the Luxembourg Open. She was defeated in the second round by sixth seed Julia Görges.Paszek ended the year ranked 43. 2012: Third WTA title, second Wimbledon quarterfinal

<mask> began the year at the Brisbane International where she lost in the first round to Ana Ivanovic. In the Sydney International, <mask> was defeated in the first round of qualifying by Bojana Jovanovski. Ranked 45 at the Australian Open, Paszek lost in the first round to 12th seed Serena Williams. In Qatar at the Qatar Open, Paszek lost in the first round to qualifier Anne Keothavong. Paszek was defeated in the first round of qualifying at the Dubai Championships by Anastasia Rodionova.

masks:
Tamira Shelah Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Tamira
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek
Paszek


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 Competing at the Indian Wells Open, she recorded her first win of the season by defeating Anastasiya Yakimova in the first round.In the second round, Paszek faced 23rd seed Lucie Šafářová. Paszek retired trailing 6–3, 3–1 due to a right wrist injury. In Miami at the Miami Open, Paszek was up against Anna Tatishvili in the first round. Paszek was forced to retire trailing 6–4, 4–3 due to a back injury. Paszek began clay-court season at the Estoril Open. In the first round, she lost to ninth seed Polona Hercog. At the Madrid Open, she was defeated in the first round by Spanish wildcard Sílvia Soler Espinosa.Seeded eighth at the Internationaux de Strasbourg, <mask> had her second win of the season by defeating Alberta Brianti in the first round. She lost in the second round to Johanna Larsson. Ranked 52 at the French Open, she was defeated in the first round by 28th seed Peng Shuai. <mask> began her grass-court season at the Nottingham Trophy. As the top seed, Paszek was defeated in the first round by Alison Riske. Seeded 12th at the Birmingham Classic, Paszek lost in the first round to Anne Keothavong. Paszek's final grass-court warm-up tournament before Wimbledon was the Eastbourne International.She advanced to her first WTA Tour final since 2010 after wins over Marina Erakovic, eighth seed Daniela Hantuchová, Tsvetana Pironkova, and fourth seed and defending champion Marion Bartoli. In the final, Paszek upset fifth seed Angelique Kerber to win her third WTA title. <mask> was 3–5 down in the final set and saved five championship points. Ranked 37 at the Wimbledon Championships, Paszek upset former world No. 1 and seventh seed, Caroline Wozniacki, in the first round. This match lasted 3 hours and 12 minutes. In the second round, she beat Alizé Cornet.Then, she defeated Yanina Wickmayer in the third round and 21st seed Roberta Vinci in the fourth round to reach the quarterfinals for the second year in a row. Paszek lost in her quarterfinal match for the second successive year to second seed Victoria Azarenka. Representing Austria in the 2012 Summer Olympics, <mask> was defeated in the first round by Alizé Cornet. <mask> began her US Open Series at the Rogers Cup. In the first round, she defeated Julia Görges. In the second round, she faced top seed Victoria Azarenka. Azarenka retired at 3–3 in the first set due to a left knee injury.In the third round, she beat Carla Suárez Navarro. In the quarterfinals, Paszek lost to fifth seed and eventual champion, Petra Kvitová. At the Cincinnati Open, Paszek was up against Sofia Arvidsson who won the first set 6–1. In the second set, Arvidsson was leading 2–1 before Paszek retired because of a migraine. Her last tournament before the US Open was the New Haven Open at Yale. She lost in the first round to Sloane Stephens. Seeded 29th at the US Open, <mask> was defeated in the first round by Olga Govortsova.In the Korea Open, she reached the quarterfinals after wins over Carla Suárez Navarro and Korean wildcard Lee So-ra. She lost in her quarterfinal match to sixth seed Varvara Lepchenko. In Tokyo at the Pan Pacific Open, she defeated qualifier Camila Giorgi in the first round. In the second round, <mask> was defeated easily by top seed Victoria Azarenka. Playing at the China Open, Paszek got revenge on Olga Govortsova and beat her in the first round. She lost in the second round to qualifier Elena Vesnina. Seeded seventh at the Linz Open, Paszek was defeated in the first round by qualifier Bethanie Mattek-Sands.Her final tournament of the year was the Luxembourg Open. Seeded seventh, she lost in the first round to Lucie Hradecká. Paszek ended the year ranked 30. This is her best season to date. 2013: Career-high singles ranking, downfall, injuries

Paszek began her 2013 season at the Brisbane International. She lost in the first round to Urszula Radwańska. In Sydney, she was defeated in the first round by Jelena Janković.Seeded 30th at the Australian Open, she achieved her first Australian Open victory since 2007 with an emphatic three-set victory over Stefanie Vögele in the first round. However, in the second round, she was outplayed by American wildcard Madison Keys. After the Australian Open, Paszek played at the Open GDF Suez in Paris. She was eliminated in the first round by lucky loser and eventual semifinalist, Kiki Bertens. At the Qatar Open, she had another first-round exit, losing to 13th seed Ana Ivanovic. In March, she traveled to California to compete at the Indian Wells Masters. As the 23rd seed, she got a first-round bye.She was beaten in the second round by American qualifier Mallory Burdette. The following week, she played in Miami. As the 26th seed, she again got a first-round bye. However, she couldn't pass the second round because she suffered a three-set loss at the hands of Simona Halep. <mask>'s clay-court season began at the Charleston Open. Seeded 13th, she retired in the first round after losing the first set 3–6 to American qualifier Grace Min due to a left neck injury. Paszek returned from injury at the Portugal Open.She lost in the first round to Monica Niculescu. Seeded second at the Internationaux de Strasbourg, Paszek was defeated in the first round by French wildcard Virginie Razzano. Seeded 28th at the French Open, Paszek lost in the first round to Melanie Oudin. Paszek elected to contest at the ITF Nottingham where she was the top seed. She opened her grass-court season with a hard-fought win over wildcard Anne Keothavong in the first round. However, she would progress no further as she was forced to retire against Alison Riske in their second-round encounter due to a hamstring injury. At the Birmingham Classic, Paszek was seeded fourth and was given a first-round bye.She drew Riske again in the second round and lost. <mask> entered the Eastbourne International as the defending champion, but again went out at the first hurdle, losing to fifth seed Caroline Wozniacki; she had to retire in the second set due to a thigh injury. Her final grass-court event was Wimbledon where she was the 28th seed. She was defeated in the first round by Alexandra Cadanțu. As a result, Paszek dropped out of the top 100. <mask> started her US Open Series at the Stanford Classic. There, she recorded her third win of the season when her opponent, qualifier Alla Kudryavtseva, retired during their first-round match due to heat illness.She lost in the second round to sixth seed Varvara Lepchenko. Her next tournament was the Cincinnati Open. Paszek suffered a double bagel thrashing in the first round at the hands of Daniela Hantuchová. In Toronto at the Rogers Cup, she lost a marathon match in the first round of qualifying to Anastasia Rodionova. For the last Grand Slam tournament of the year, the US Open, <mask> was defeated in the second round of qualifying by Andrea Hlaváčková. After the US Open, Paszek entered the Challenge Bell in Quebec City. She lost in the first round to Christina McHale.She then played two ITF events in the United States. The first tournament was the ITF Albuquerque. Paszek got a three set victory over Olivia Rogowska in the first round. She was then defeated in the second round by eventual finalist Anna Tatishvili. At the Las Vegas Open, Paszek defeated Adriana Pérez in the first round. In the second, she lost to sixth seed, eventual finalist, and doubles partner CoCo Vandeweghe. However, she did capture the doubles title with Vandeweghe marking her first tournament win in either singles or doubles in 2013.Her most impressive result of the year came in France at the Open de Limoges, a $50k tournament. Unseeded, Paszek advanced to the final with wins over Johanna Konta, Andreea Mitu, Nina Zander, and Sílvia Soler Espinosa. However, her run came to an end as she lost in the final to Kristýna Plíšková. Despite the loss, she climbed back inside the top-200 and recorded her first set of consecutive wins since the Korea Open. Competing at the ITF Poitier as a wildcard, <mask> beat Johanna Konta in the first round. In the second round, she was defeated by fifth seed Alexandra Cadanțu. Playing in Great Britain at the GB Pro-Series, Paszek won a tough three set match over Andreea Mitu in the first round.She was then defeated in the second round by seventh seed and eventual finalist Kristýna Plíšková. Her final tournament of the year was at the Al Habtoor Challenge in Dubai. After beating Storm Sanders in her first round match, she lost in the second round to second seed and compatriot Patricia Mayr-Achleitner. Paszek ended 2013 ranked 181. 2014

Paszek began her season at the Auckland Open. Playing as a wildcard, she lost in the first round to fifth seed Jamie Hampton. Playing qualifying at the Australian Open, Paszek won her first round qualifying match over Australian wildcard and Bernard Tomic's sister Sara Tomic.She was defeated in the second round of qualifying by Duan Yingying. Having failed to defend the previous year's second round points, her ranking dropped outside the top 200. <mask> elected to contest the $25k event in Rancho Santa Fe. She won the tournament defeating Shuko Aoyama in the final. The following week, she played another $25k event, this time in Surprise, Arizona. She advanced to the final where she lost the final in a three-set thriller to fourth seed Jovana Jakšić. <mask> wasn't able to convert on fourteen opportunities to win the match.In Florida at the Innisbrook Open, Paszek was defeated in the first round by Mathilde Johansson. Beginning her preparation for the French Open at the Charleston Open, Paszek lost in the first round of qualifying to Jarmila Gajdošová. In Poland at the Katowice Open, Paszek retired during her second round of qualifying match to Aleksandra Krunić. At the Wiesbaden Tennis Open, Paszek reached the final where she was defeated by Ekaterina Alexandrova. At the 2014 Open de Cagnes-sur-Mer, Paszek lost in her quarterfinal match to fifth seed and eventual champion Sharon Fichman. Paszek qualified for the main draw at the French Open without dropping a set in all three qualifying matches. In the main draw, she was defeated in the second round by ninth seed Dominika Cibulková.Paszek started grass-court season at the Nottingham Trophy. She retired during her first-round match against British wildcard Naomi Broady. Getting through the qualifying rounds at the Birmingham Classic, Paszek lost in the first round to Lauren Davis. In the Eastbourne International, <mask> was defeated in the final round of qualifying by Hsieh Su-wei. Entering the Wimbledon Championships after coming through qualifying, Paszek lost in the first round to 24th seed Kirsten Flipkens. At the Lorraine Open in Contrexéville, Paszek was defeated in the first round by fourth seed Johanna Larsson. Playing at the first edition of the Bucharest Open, Paszek retired during her second round of qualifying match against Vanda Lukács.Paszek kicked off the US Open Series at the Washington Open. She lost in the first round of qualifying to Emily Webley-Smith. In Montreal at the Rogers Cup, <mask> was defeated in the final round of qualifying to Heather Watson. At the Cincinnati Open, Paszek lost in the first round of qualifying to Monica Puig. Playing at the US Open, <mask> was defeated in the second round of qualifying by Irena Pavlovic. Competing at the first edition of the Hong Kong Open, she lost in the second round of qualifying to Zhang Kailin. In Austria at the Linz Open, <mask> was defeated in the first round of qualifying by Kiki Bertens.She played her final tournament of the season at the Open de Touraine in Joué-lès-Tours, France. Seeded third, she retired during her first-round match against Urszula Radwańska. Paszek ended the season ranked 133. 2015–present
<mask> returned to the ITF Circuit in August 2020, after having competed in only seven tournaments since the beginning of 2017. WTA finals

Singles: 4 (3 titles, 1 runner–up)

ITF Circuit finals

Singles: 7 (4 titles, 3 runner-ups)

Doubles: 8 (4 titles, 4 runner-ups)

Grand Slam performance timelines

Singles

Doubles

Head-to-head records

Wins over reigning world No. 1

Top 10 wins

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
People from Dornbirn
Austrian female tennis players
Austrian people of Canadian descent
Austrian people of Chilean descent
Austrian people of French descent
Austrian people of Indian descent
Austrian people of Kenyan descent
European sportspeople of Kenyan descent
Austrian people of Polish descent
Olympic tennis players of Austria
Tennis players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from

masks: Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek Paszek


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, born , is a Japanese–Canadian nuclear disarmament campaigner and Hibakusha who survived the atomic bombing of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. She is mostly known throughout the world for being a leading figure of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear weapons (ICAN) and to have given the acceptance speech for its reception of the 2017 Nobel peace prize. Earlier life
<mask> was born in Hiroshima Kojin-machi (today suburb of Minami) in 1932 and is the youngest of 7 children. She comes from a comfortable background. Her brothers and sisters being older and therefore having left the family home, she was the last one to live with her parents. In 1944, she entered in the girls only Hiroshima Jogakuin high school. Three weeks before the bomb, she was selected to participate in a student state program to decode American military communications as an assistant.Experience of the nuclear atomic bomb
On Monday August 6, 1945, she was working as a member of the student mobilisation program in the army headquarters (Higashi suburb today), located approximately 1.8 kilometres or 1.1 miles away from the hypocentre of the explosion. It was her first day in that mission. Around 8:15 AM, she was on the second floor of the wooden building. She saw a bluish-white flash from the window and remembers floating in the air (the building collapsing) before she lost consciousness. When she woke up, she heard her classmates whispering "Mother help me", "God help me". After some time, a soldier helped her to escape from the crumbling building before it burnt down with the rest of her schoolmates except two others." [...] Although it happened in the morning, it was dark, dark as twilight.And as our eyes got used to recognize things, those dark moving objects happened to be human beings. It was like a procession of ghosts. I say “ghosts” because they simply did not look like human beings. Their hair was rising upwards, and they were covered with blood and dirt, and they were burned and blackened and swollen. Their skin and flesh were hanging, and parts of the bodies were missing. Some were carrying their own eyeballs. And they collapsed onto the ground.Their stomach burst open, and intestines start stretching out. [...] we learned how to step over the dead bodies, and escaped. By the time we got to the hillside, at the foot of the hill was a huge army training ground about the size of two football fields [...]. The place was packed with dead bodies and dying people, injured people. And people were just begging in whisper. Nobody was shouting in strong voice, just a whisper: “Water please. Water please.” That’s all the physical and psychological strength left.They just whispered. We wanted to be of help to them, but we had no bucket and no cups to carry the water. [...] So we went to the nearby stream, washed off our dirt and the blood, and tore off our blouses, soaked them in the water, and dashed back to the dying people. We put the wet cloth over their mouth, and who desperately sucked in the moisture. [...] That’s how most of the people died." Eight members of her family (among who her 4 years old nephew Eiji to who she often refers to and was crossing the bridge with her sister, both who died totally burnt beyond recognition without her hairpiece) as well as 351 of her classmates and teachers died during or soon after the explosion. <mask> described the acute radiation syndrome that she and many others were victim of months and years after the bombing.She has several times talked about the fact that months after the bomb, she verified like others every morning that she was not developing purple spots on her body (symptoms of bone marrow failure or leukemia), symptom of an approaching death. She has described the death of her uncle and aunt following those symptoms. As many other hibakushas, <mask> lost her hair, had nausea and bleeding gums months after the bombing. She has also revealed that many of her surviving schoolmates wore helmets long after the end of the war to hide their baldness. <mask> has declared that she was lucky that she and both her parents survived, and that they were able to be hosted by family unlike many others who had to live in the street. As many hibakushas, she described being numbed by the overwhelming of what she experienced and was only able to cry after the Makurazaki Typhoon that hit Hiroshima more than a month after "Little Boy". Having felt guilty of her lack of emotional demonstration, she has said that she only understood it years later when studying traumatism at the University.<mask> has also regularly described the hardships of the hibakushas, including the near starvation, lack of medical care, homelessness, social discrimination and the suffering from the atomic bomb casualty commission whose only purpose was to study the technical effects of radiations on bodies and not provide any treatment or support. She has denounced the US army's 7 years occupation and its strict censorship, erasement and confiscation of journals, data, visual support, poems and personal diaries of what was related to the drop of the two nuclear bombs. At the time of these events, she was a 13-year-old, grade 8 student. Her father died due to radiations in 1954, the same year that she went to study abroad and the year of the dropping of the H bomb in Bikini. Studies and profession
As an undergraduate, <mask> studied English literature and education at Hiroshima Jogakuin University before receiving a grant to study in the United States, where she studied sociology at Lynchburg College in Virginia from 1954. She later obtained a master's degree in social work from the University of Toronto. Anti-nuclear activism

<mask> <mask>'s activism began after March 1, 1954, after the explosion of the hydrogen bomb of the code name "Castle Bravo" in the Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands which had nuclear fallout until Japan.This American weapon was approximately one thousand times more powerful than the one she had been victim of less than 10 years before. This event happened the first week she had arrived in the USA and she gave her opinion on that. During her studying years in the USA, she has described receiving threats and aggressions linked to her criticism of the use of the nuclear bomb by the American army, to the point where she could not go to class anymore and had to live at one of her professor's house. She is a member of Nihon Hidankyo, the Japanese confederation of A and H Bombs sufferers formed in 1956, who fought for hibakushas medical rights and social recognition. In 1974, profoundly worried by the fact that the public tended to forget and underestimate the devastating impacts of nuclear bombs, she founded the foundation Hiroshima Nagasaki Relived. The organisation mobilised professors, artists, lawyers and teachers to inform and raise public awareness to the consequences of nuclear weapons. She has since travelled in dozens of countries to testify as a hibakusha and raise alert to the existential threat of nuclear weapons, in front of high dignitaries such as Pope John Paul II as much as school students.She has several times been a crew member of the Peace Boat, a Japanese NGO promoting nuclear disarmement. She has participated in several school presentations as a member of the project "Hibakusha stories" based in New-York, to testify before all-together several thousands of students. She has been regularly invited to testify at universities, schools, nuclear and Japanese history centres and other public events. Thurlow is also an activist against the peaceful use of nuclear energy due to its existential dangers and has been particularly active as a critic with other hibakushas after the Fukushima humanitarian catastrophe. United Nations

<mask> <mask> has several times testified and pleaded at the United Nations Organisation and has among other actions participated in the international conference of the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna (IAEA) about the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons on December 8, 2014, in favour of the nuclear non-proliferation treaty. She was an active member in the ratification of the United Nations concerning the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons, mandated in December 2016, and delivered the closing statement at the nuclear ban conference. She also actively participated for its vote on July 7, 2017."I've been waiting for this day for seven decades, and I am overjoyed that it has finally arrived.This is the beginning of the end of nuclear weapons." ICAN and the Nobel Peace prize

Mrs <mask> was a founding member and gave the keynote speech at the international launch of ICAN in Canada in 2007. She is a leading figure of ICAN, which won the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize “for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons”. Thurlow accepted the prize on behalf of the campaign at a ceremony in Oslo on December 10, 2017, together with Beatrice Fihn, the executive director of ICAN. During her reception speech, Mrs Thurlow declared, in reference to the moment she was trapped under the building after the bombing and saved by a soldier: "Then, suddenly, I felt hands touching my left shoulder, and heard a man saying: "Don't give up! Keep pushing! I am trying to free you.See the light coming through that opening? Crawl towards it as quickly as you can. [...] Our light now is the ban treaty. To all in this hall and all listening around the world, I repeat those words that I heard called to me in the ruins of Hiroshima: "Don't give up! Keep pushing! See the light? Crawl towards it.[...]Tonight, as we march through the streets of Oslo with torches aflame, let us follow each other out of the dark night of nuclear terror. No matter what obstacles we face, we will keep moving and keep pushing and keep sharing this light with others. This is our passion and commitment for our one precious world to survive". Private life

<mask> married in 1950 a Canadian historian, <mask>, whom she had met in Japan. The couple settled in Canada 1955, at the time when Asian immigration was restricted to family of Canadians. In 1957, they moved to Japan for a social project in Hokkaido, to come back to Toronto in 1962. <mask> served there as a social worker in the education and health departments.Until his death in 2011, her husband took part in her anti-nuclear activities and has among others helped her to organize groups and conferences for the cause. They had two sons and two grandchildren. Awards and distinctions

 2007 - Member of the Order of Canada (CM) for "exceptional contribution to social work and efforts to eliminate nuclear weapons"
 2012 - Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Award
 2014 - "Ambassador of Peace", prize awarded by the town of Hiroshima
 2015 - "Arms control person of the year” by the Arms Control Association
2015 - Nuclear Age Peace Foundation’s Distinguished Peace Leadership Award
 2016 - "Arms Control Person of the Year" by ICAN
 Member of the council of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation
 2016 - Ahmadiyya Muslim Peace Prize
 2017 - Nobel Peace Prize  ICAN
 2019 - Doctorate honoris causa in law, University of Toronto

See also
 List of peace activists

References

Japanese anti–nuclear weapons activists
Japanese emigrants to Canada
1932 births
Living people
Members of the Order of Canada
People from Hiroshima
Japanese pacifists
Hibakusha
Canadian pacifists

masks:
Setsuko Thurlow
Thurlow
Thurlow
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Setsuko
Setsuko
Thurlow
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Thurlow
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Jim Thurlow
Setsuko


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<mask> (born June 8, 1965) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Brock Rumlow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014), Captain America: Civil War (2016), Avengers: Endgame (2019), and animated series What If...? (2021). He had his first leading role in the action-horror film The Purge: Anarchy (2014), portraying Sergeant Leo Barnes, a role he reprised in The Purge: Election Year (2016), and has also appeared in Warrior (2011), The Grey (2012), End of Watch (2012), Zero Dark Thirty (2012),  Wolf Warrior 2 and Wheelman (both 2017), and Boss Level (2021). <mask>'s television work includes the lead role in Kingdom (2014–2017) and recurring roles in Battery Park (2000), For the People (2002–2003), The Shield (2002–2003), Prison Break (2005–2006), Blind Justice (2005), The Kill Point (2007) and Billions (2020). Early life
<mask> was born the first of three boys in a working-class family in New York City, and is of Italian (Calabrian) heritage. He was raised in the Bronx and in Rockland County, New York.<mask> began wrestling at eight years old, and took up boxing at eighteen. In 1991, he started practicing Brazilian jiu-jitsu, in which he has studied under Rickson Gracie and holds a brown belt. <mask> graduated from New York University with a business degree and spent a year on Wall Street before being asked to do a Miller Genuine Draft beer commercial. On the podcast The Fighter and the Kid, he stated that he holds Italian citizenship. Career

Film

<mask> started his acting career by appearing in commercials, for companies such as American Express and Sure deodorant. His first film role was in 1992's The Mambo Kings, and he went on to appear in the films Minority Report (2002), April's Shower (2006), and both iMurders and New Line Cinema's Pride and Glory in 2008. <mask> was in the 2010 horror film Mother's Day in the role of Daniel Sohapi and the following year, had a supporting role in the 2011 film Warrior as MMA trainer <mask>.In 2012, he played Diaz in the survival thriller The Grey with Liam Neeson and as Sarge in End of Watch with Jake Gyllenhaal. In 2013, he starred with Jaimie Alexander in the romantic thriller film Collision and had a bit role in the action film Homefront with Jason Statham. In 2014, <mask> was cast as HYDRA agent Brock Rumlow in the 2014 film Captain America: The Winter Soldier. The same year, he starred as Sergeant Leo Barnes in the sequel The Purge: Anarchy, and reprised his role in 2016's The Purge: Election Year. He also reprised the role of Brock Rumlow/Crossbones in the third installment of the Captain America film series, Civil War, which was released on May 6, 2016. In October 2013, <mask> started filming for The Crash, starring alongside Academy Award nominee Minnie Driver, Ed Westwick, AnnaSophia Robb, Dianna Agron, John Leguizamo, Mary McCormack, Christopher McDonald and Maggie Q. The film is directed by Aram Rappaport and produced by Hilary Shor, Atit Shah and Aaron Becker.The Crash was released on January 31, 2017. In 2015, <mask> starred in the films Demonic and Big Sky. Another film in which he stars, Beyond Skyline, was originally set for release in 2015, and was ultimately released on Netflix in December 2017. In 2018, <mask> starred opposite Bruce Willis and Johnathon Schaech in the action film Reprisal. Years after its release, the film made it on Netflix's U.S. top five in October 2021. In 2019, Variety announced that <mask> has signed with Creative Artists Agency (CAA) for representation. Grillo produced and starred in Boss Level, which was announced in November 2017 and was originally scheduled to be released by Entertainment Studios Motion Pictures on August 16, 2019, but was delayed.It was subsequently bought by Hulu, which released it on March 5, 2021. He also appeared in the sequel Hitman's Wife's Bodyguard with Ryan Reynolds and Samuel L. Jackson. The upcoming films he is set to appear in are This Is the Night with Naomi Watts, Copshop with Gerard Butler, Ida Red with Melissa Leo, The Yacht with Ruby Rose and A Day to Die with Bruce Willis. Television

Grillo first appeared on television in episodes of Silk Stalkings (1993), and Poltergeist: The Legacy (1996) before being cast as oil tycoon Hart Jessup on the daytime soap opera Guiding Light in 1996 up until 1999. In 2002, he was cast in the series For the People as Det. J.C. Hunter and played Hunter until 2003. One of his more notable television roles was on the crime drama Prison Break where he played Nick Savrinn from 2005 to 2006.During that time, he also appeared on the Blind Justice as Marty Russo. He was in the first and only season of The Kill Point in 2007, and played the role of Jimmy in the CSI: NY episode "The Things About Heroes," which aired in November 2007. In 2010, he starred in the sci-fi series The Gates opposite Marisol Nichols and Rhona Mitra. The series only lasted one season. Between 2014 and 2017, <mask> starred in the DirecTV drama series Kingdom as MMA coach Alvey Kulina alongside Nick Jonas and Jonathan Tucker. <mask> was a season 5 regular on the drama series Billions, starring as artist Nico Tanner opposite Damian Lewis and Maggie Siff. He also reprised the role of Crossbones by voicing the character on the Marvel Cinematic Universe animated series What If...Personal life
He married his first wife Kathy in 1991, but the couple divorced in 1998. They had a son, Remy (b. January 1997). <mask> met fellow actress Wendy Moniz in 1996 on the set of Guiding Light. The couple was married on October 28, 2000, and separated in February 2020. They have two sons: Liam (b. August 2004) and Rio (b. January 2008). <mask> is a New York Yankees fan. Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

1965 births
American people of Italian descent
American male film actors
Male models from New York (state)
American male soap opera actors
American male television actors
American male voice actors
Living people
Male actors from New York City
New York University Stern School of Business alumni
American practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
People from the Bronx
People from Rockland County, New York
People of Calabrian descent

masks:
Frank Anthony Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
Frank Campana
Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
Grillo
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Grillo
Grillo


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<mask>-Rey (also <mask>-Tschesno: 14 December 1920 - 4 April 2001) was a German illustrator. She was one of the best known illustrators of children's books in the German Democratic Republic. Life
<mask> was born in Berlin. When she was 20 she embarked on a study of illustration and wall-art at the Berlin University of the Arts in Berlin-Charlottenburg. In 1946 she obtained a job as a press artist for the Tägliche Rundschau, a hitherto defunct newspaper title that had been revived by the military administration which since May 1945 had been in control of a large central portion of Germany, including the eastern half of Berlin itself. One year later she took a job in the arts department, working as an illustrator, at the Soviet Arts Palace ("Haus der Kultur der UdSSR"), where she stayed till 1950. It was in 1950 that her son, Grischa Meyer, was born: his father, Grigorij Weiss, was a Soviet cultural administrator.It was during this period that she designed the early issues of the monthly Roman-Zeitung, a magazine designed to popularise Soviet literature. She also produced her first published illustrations for children's books, which marked a decisive step in her career. Meanwhile, the political situation in what had been the Soviet occupation zone moved forwards in October 1949 when the entire zone was relaunched as the Soviet sponsored German Democratic Republic. In the early 1950s Meyer-Rey began working as a freelance illustrator, with connections to various publishing houses, of which probably the most significant was "Kinderbuchverlag Berlin". In 1957 she created "Bummi" the teddy bear, the main character in the eponymous monthly, later biweekly magazine for pre-school children. Bummi was at the heart of a long-running professional association with Ursula Werner-Böhnke who edited the magazine. As well as the book and magazine illustrations, Bummi also appeared on a silk stage curtain that she made for the Berlin Puppet Theatre.Meyer-Rey was a member of the National Association of Visual Artists ("Verband Bildender Künstler der DDR"). Her illustrations applied a figurative-realistic approach, which was deeply influenced by Soviet artists of the time. An exceptionally prolific artist, she can be seen as one of the best known and most influential illustrator of children's books in the German Democratic Republic, where generations of children, especially during the early years of their school careers, used textbooks that incorporated her illustrations. Many of her books worked through a succession of editions and some are still (2017) in print. Her work also achieved success with publishers abroad, notably in Sweden, the Netherlands, Britain, France, Jugoslavia, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Hungary, the United States of America, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, China and even West Germany, where editions were also published in Sorbian. "Der gute Held. Märchen der Völker der Sowjetunion" ("The Good Hero:  Fairy Tales from the Soviet People"), illustrated by <mask> Meyer-Rey, was celebrated (by election) as one of the German Democratic Republic's Most Beautiful Books in 1952.Publications (selection)

 with Elisabeth Schwarz: Das erste Schuljahr. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1950
 Vom Peter, der sich nicht waschen wollte. Ein Bilderbuch. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1951
 with Ludmilla Herzenstein: Das neugierige Entlein. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1952
 Kleine Freunde. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1952
 with Walter Krumbach: Unsere Hoftiere. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1953
 with Walter Krumbach: Tierfreunde.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1953
 with Ursula Peter: Unser Schiffchen fährt durch Deutschland. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1953
 Drei Kinder und ein Rollmops. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1953
 Die gestohlene Nase. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1953
 with Erika Engel: Das Osternest. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1955
 with Walter Krumbach: Beim Puppendoktor. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1955
 with Dorothea Neckel: Ulrikchen, gute Nacht. Ein Bilderbuch.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1955
 Es tanzt ein Bi-Ba-Butzemann. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1955
 Hoppe, hoppe, Reiter. Kinderreime. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1957
 Mauz und Minchen. Eine lustige Katzen-Bildergeschichte. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1958
 with Edith Bergner: Vom Jochen, der nicht aufräumen wollte. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1959
 with Edith Bergner: Der große gelbe Drachen Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1959
 with Edith Bergner: Der erste Schultag.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1959
 with Fred Rodrian: Der Märchenschimmel. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1960
 with Anne Geelhaar: Hans Fröhlich und das Vogelhaus. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1961
 with Rudolf Schultz-Debowski, Hansgeorg Stengel: 1-2-3 - wir sind dabei. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1962
 Komm mit mir, Hänschen. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1963
 with Kurt Steiniger: Ringelreih der sieben Tage. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1963
 with Werner Lindemann: Das Osternest. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1964
 with Benno Pludra: Heiner und seine Hähnchen.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1965
 with Rudolf Schultz-Debowski: Guckkasten für kleine Leute. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1965
 with Inge Trisch, Walter Krumbach, Wolfgang Richter, Rudolf Schultz-Debowski: Kinderfest mit Meister Nadelöhr. Friedrich Hofmeister Musikverlag, Leipzig 1965
 with Witali Bianki: Die erste Jagd. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1965
 Meine Tiere. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1966
 with Ursula Sturm, Walter Krumbach, Wolfgang Richter, Rudolf Schultz-Debowski: Gleich kommt unser Sandmännchen. Lied der Zeit Musikverlag, Berlin 1966
 with Samuil Marschak: Das Tierhäuschen. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1967
 with Rudolf Schultz-Debowski und Hansgeorg Stengel: Zirkus drunter und drüber.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1967
 with <mask> Feustel: Die lustigen Streiche des Pitti-Platsch. Ein musikalisches Bilderbuch. Lied der Zeit, Berlin 1967
 with Elsbeth Friemert: Wer kennt meine Tiere. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1968
 with Benno Pludra: Vom Bären der nicht schlafen konnte. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1968
 with Hiltrud Lind: Das blaublumige Büffelkind. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1968
 with Alfred Könner: Watschel. Altberliner Verlag Groszer, Berlin 1968
 with Walter Krumbach: Bunte Blätter.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1968
 with Samuil Marschak, Johannes Bobrowski: Das Tierhäuschen. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1968
 with Horst Irrgang: Ein Männlein steht im Walde. Deutscher Verlag für Musik, Leipzig 1970
 Mischka der Bär. Ein Märchen mit Bildern. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1970
 with Friedrich Güll: Wundergarten. Gedichte. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1972
 with Eva Strittmatter: Brüderchen Vierbein.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1972
 Drei kleine Küken. Altberliner Verlag, Berlin 1973
 with Hiltrud Lind: Randi. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1973.
 with Vladislav Stanovsky und Jan Vladislav Lommelchen. Ein tschechisches Märchen. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1973
 Drei kleine Affen. Nach einem japanischen Volksmärchen. Altberliner Verlag Groszer, Berlin 1974
 with Wolfgang Buschmann und Rudolf Schultz-Debowski: Die Geschichte vom Nußknacker Kunka Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1974
 with Edith Bergner: Der Star im Apfelbaum.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1974
 with Walentin Katajew: Schalmei und Krüglein. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1975
 with Horst Irrgang und Ursula Werner-Böhnke: Bummi am Nordpol. Ein Bilderbuch mit Musik. Deutscher Verlag für Musik, Leipzig 1976
 Bienchen summ herum. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1977
 with Barbara Augustin: Seepferdchenrennen. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1978
 with Andreas Reimann: Kleine Tiere essen gern Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1978
 with Renate Krause: Das Sonnenblumenfest. Altberliner Verlag Groszer, Berlin 1978
 with Stepan Pissachow: Wie der Pope sich eine Magd nahm.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1978
 with Anne Geelhaar: Köpfchen, mein Köpfchen. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1979
 with Klaus Bourquain Vom Veilchen, das nicht duftete. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1980
 with Alfred Könner: Drei kleine Hasen. Altberliner Verlag, Berlin 1983
 Der kleine Häwelmann. Ein Kindermärchen. von Theodor Storm: Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1984
 with Fred Rodrian: Wer stiehlt den Speck? Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1984
 with Wolfgang Buschmann: Guten Tag, Frau Igel.Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1984
 Ein Vogel wollte Hochzeit machen. Kinderbuchverlag, Berlin 1987

References

People from East Berlin
German children's book illustrators
German printmakers
1920 births
2001 deaths
Artists from Berlin

masks:
Ingeborg Meyer
Ingeborg Meyer
Ingeborg Meyer Rey
Ingeborg
Ingeborg


texts:
<mask> (, ) (born c. 1984) is an Egyptian Norwegian blogger and former law student. He was arrested by Egyptian authorities for posts on his blog that were considered to be anti-religious and insulting to Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. On 22 February 2007, in his native city Alexandria, <mask> was sentenced to three years of imprisonment for insulting Islam and inciting sedition and one year for insulting the Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. He was the first blogger in Egypt explicitly arrested for the content of his writing, and was released on 17 November 2010, but not before he was beaten and detained by Egyptian security forces.<ref>Arabic Network for Human Rights Information  (2010). "Prior to his Release After Spending Four Years in Prison State Security Officer Beat <mask> and Held him Illegally". ANHRI." Retrieved November 23, 2010.</ref> He thereafter moved to Bergen, Norway where he obtained political asylum and gained the Norwegian citizenship.Background
<mask> <mask>, an ex-Muslim, secular Egyptian, completed elementary and secondary school at al-Azhar University. He wished to complete a biology degree, but family pressure forced him to enroll in al-Azhar's Department of Shari'a and Legal Studies instead. In 2004, <mask> began expressing his reformist views at "Modern Discussion", as well as "Copts United" by 2005. By mid-2006, he discontinued publishing at Copts United because he accuses them of limiting his writings to only criticizing Muslims and not Copts as well. First arrest
<mask> first came to the attention of Egyptian authorities after he published a series of blog writings highly critical of the Muslim role in the deadly sectarian riots in Alexandria in 2005, the result of a play performed at a Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, and the violent reaction of the Muslim community over the play's 'insult to Islam'. On 26 October 2005, <mask> was arrested for the first time by Egyptian state security agency Amn al-Dawla for anti-religious posts on his blog. He was detained for twelve days, and his books and personal writings were confiscated.Expulsion from al-Azhar
Early in 2006, <mask> was expelled from al-Azhar University, Damanhour Campus, for criticizing some of the university's Islamist instructors, writing in his blog that the "professors and sheikhs at al-Azhar who ... stand against anyone who thinks freely" would "end up in the dustbin of history". He also posted writings that promoted secularism and women's rights. Amer referred to the university as "the university of terrorism" and said that the institution stifles free thought. University administrators also filed a communiqué to the Public Prosecutor Office against their former student, alleging he was "spreading rumours endangering public security" and "defaming President Mubarak". Second arrest

On 6 November 2006, <mask> was again detained by the public prosecutor's office after it questioned him about his writings on "Modern Discussion" that were considered by authorities to be of an irreligious nature, and because of al-Azhar's complaint to the Public Prosecutor Office. The Public Prosecutor told Amer that if he did not abandon his views, even though personal, he may be imprisoned. Nevertheless, Amer insisted on his right to freedom of expression.Consequently, Egyptian prosecutors ordered that <mask> be held in a detention center in Alexandria until 22 November at least. <mask> was charged with:
 Atheism, due to some blog posts, such as "There is no God except the Human being" (in Arabic لا إله إلا الإنسان);
 Spreading information and malicious rumors that disrupt public security
 Defaming the president of Egypt
 Incitement to overthrow the regime based upon hatred and contempt
 Incitement to hate "Islam" and to breach public peace standards
 Highlighting inappropriate issues that harm the reputation of Egypt and spreading these publicly

 Trial
<mask> defended himself by saying, "I don't see what I have done ... I expressed my opinion...the intention was not anything like these [charges]." Defence lawyers  argued that crimes related to the Internet were new in Egypt and that the penal code did not cover them. Prosecution lawyer Mohamed Dawoud stated, "I want him [Nabil] to get the toughest punishment ... I am on a jihad here ... If we leave the likes of him without punishment, it will be like a fire that consumes everything."The blogger's father, Nabil Sulaiman, mocked the human rights organizations which tried to release his son. He called for applying Islamic Law "allowing him to repent within three days before killing him if he will not", according to the Egyptian newspaper Al-Masry Al-Youm''. On 22 February, the judge said Nabil was guilty and would serve three years for insulting Islam and inciting sedition, and one year for insulting Mubarak. An appeals court upheld the sentence on 13 March 2007. Reaction

United States

United States Congressmen Trent Franks (R-AZ) and Barney Frank (D-MA) wrote to Egyptian Ambassador Nabil Fahmy regarding the arrest and imprisonment of Amer. Congressman Franks also said:

Democracies must allow for freedom of speech and certainly for the tolerance of diverse religious beliefs. I laud Mr. Amer's recognition that violence in the name of religion is unacceptable.I urge the Egyptian government to free Mr. Amer and to protect its citizens from persecution. Italy
Three Italian MPs, former Minister of Defence Antonio Martino, President of the 10th Permanent Commission (Productive Affairs, Trade and Tourism) Daniele Capezzone, and Senator Gaetano Quagliariello wrote letters to the Egyptian Ambassador to Italy Mohamed Farid Monib. NGOs
Amnesty International designated <mask> a prisoner of conscience, "imprisoned simply for exercising his right to freedom of expression". After Amer's release, the organization called for Egypt to investigate his allegations that he was tortured while in custody. Human Rights Watch described <mask>'s arrest as a "chilling precedent" and called for his immediate release. The Arabic Network for Human Rights Information called <mask>'s sentencing a "gloomy day for freedom of expression in Egypt" and also urged his release. PEN America made Amer one of its "highest priority cases", arguing that he was "jailed for exercising his inalienable human right to freedom of expression".Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales discussed <mask>'s case during the WikiMania 2008 conference in Alexandria, suggesting that high-profile arrests like his could be hampering the development of the Arabic Wikipedia by making editors afraid to contribute. UK
United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) Member of the European Parliament (MEP) Derek Clark made a speech at the EU parliament in Strasbourg on the matter of Kareen Amer and human rights in Egypt. The MEP for the East Midlands region called for the European Union to take advantage of a recently signed trade agreement with Egypt, which states that the EU will 'support Egyptian government efforts to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in line with international conventions to which Egypt is party'. Release
<mask> was briefly freed on 5 November 2010, having served the full four years of his sentence. He was quickly rearrested by the Interior Ministry and detained for eleven additional days, during which time he later stated that he was tortured. Following his second release on November 16, he stated that he had no regrets for his previous words, and intended to continue blogging. Role in 2011 Egyptian revolution
During the 2011 Egyptian revolution of the Arab Spring, <mask> participated in the protests at Tahrir Square.He was arrested by the Egyptian Army on February 6 while leaving a protest. After three days in custody, he was released without charge. Since 2012, he's lived in exile in Norway in order to avoid further legal issues with the Egyptian authorities. Norwegian media have hosted articles and interviews of him. Through them, he urges the Norwegian society and the rest of Europe to show a more critical attitude towards Islam. He became a Norwegian citizen in 2020. See also
FreeKareem

References

External links
 Amer's blog, كريم عامر- (in Arabic)
 Free Kareem Campaign to free the Egyptian blogger Abdel Kareem Nabil Soliman

1984 births
Al-Azhar University alumni
Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by Egypt
Blogs about Muslims and Islam
Egyptian former Muslims
Critics of Sunni Islam
Egyptian atheists
Egyptian bloggers
Egyptian prisoners and detainees
Egyptian secularists
Living people
People from Alexandria
Egyptian political websites
Former Muslims turned agnostics or atheists

masks:
Kareem Nabil Suleiman Amer
Amer
Kareem Amer
Kareem
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer
Amer


texts:
<mask> (died 350) was a Chinese military general and politician of the Later Zhao and Ran Wei dynasties during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. He was a notable official under Later Zhao's emperor Shi Hu, fighting against the Jin and Former Yan dynasties. When the conflict between Shi Hu's family and his adopted ethnic Han grandson Shi Min (who later changed his name to Ran Min) arose in 349, he allied with the latter, and together they brought upon the destruction of Later Zhao, ending what was virtually a 20-year-long unity in northern China. However, just a year after, <mask> and his family were executed by Ran Min for unspecified reasons. Early career

Early career
<mask> first appeared in history in 335. At the time, he was already Shi Hu's Minister over the Masses who he tasked in paying respects to the Buddhist monk Fotudeng and check on his health twice daily. In 339, the Jin commander, <mask>, who had long intended to launch a campaign against Later Zhao, unknowingly provoked Shi Hu by camping at Zhucheng (邾城, in modern Huanggang, Hubei).Knowing that an invasion was imminent, Shi Hu ordered five of his generals, of which <mask> and Shi Min were a part of, led by Kui An to attack Jingzhou and Yangzhou and Yu's base at Zhucheng. In the attack, <mask> managed to capture Jin territories south of the Mian river(沔水, a historical name for the Han River) together with Kui An. The overall assault was a major success for Later Zhao, as many Jin generals and soldiers either died or surrendered and territorial gains were made while <mask> decided to call off his invasion upon hearing the losses. The same year, <mask> was stationed at Lingzhi and appointed Commissioner Bearing Credentials, Chief of military affairs in Liaoxi and Beiping, General Who Conquers the East, and Governor of Yingzhou. He attacked the Former Yan city of Fancheng (凡城, in modern Kazuo County, Liaoning) but was repelled by Yue Wan. Shi Hu's succession crisis
In 348, Shi Hu's eldest son and heir Shi Xuan (石宣) assassinated his brother Shi Tao (石韜) who was greatly favoured by their father. Shi Xuan announced his death to Shi Hu, who at the time did not know that Xuan was responsible for his death.Shi Hu intended to visit the body, but <mask> prevented him, advising that the assassins were most likely still around. Soon enough, the truth was revealed, and Shi Hu had Shi Xuan brutally executed. With his eldest and favourite dead, he was left with his youngest son Shi Shi, whose mother was <mask>, a favorite of Shi Hu. Shi Hu had <mask>g set a petition to have the ministers choose Shi Shi as Crown Prince. In 349, Shi Hu declared himself as emperor and granted a general amnesty. However, this amnesty did not include Shi Xuan's guards who were exiled to Liangzhou after his execution. In response, their captain <mask> (梁犢) rebelled, and they marched towards Luoyang, defeating the Later Zhao generals in their way.<mask> was made Grand General and sent to stop <mask>'s advance but was also defeated and forced to retreat. Fortunately for Shi Hu, <mask> was eventually killed by Yao Yizhong. Death of Shi Hu and alliance with Shi Min

Reign of Shi Shi
Shi Hu died the same year he crowned himself emperor. Just after Shi Shi ascended the throne, an attempt on <mask>'s life was made. The Prime Minister Zhang Chai intended to get rid of <mask>, who was the Minister of Works at the time. <mask>'s friend Zhang Ju (張舉), despite being a part of the plot, informed him before the plan could be carried due to their friendship. <mask> took shelter at Shangbai (上白, in modern-day Guangzong County, Hebei) where he defended himself with the Qihuo troops whilst Empress Dowager <mask> ordered Zhang Ju to besiege him.Reign of Shi Zun
The siege was lifted when Shi Zun, Shi Hu's son through his former empress Zheng Yingtao, launched a coup against Shi Shi and Empress Dowager <mask> and put them to death. <mask> returned to court to explain his initial decision in supporting Shi Shi and was pardoned. Shi Zun's brother, Shi Chong (石沖) rebelled after knowing about Shi Shi's death intending to avenge him. <mask> and Shi Min battled Shi Chong at Pingji (平棘, in modern day Zhao County, Hebei), where the latter's army was annihilated. Shi Chong was then forced to commit suicide. Meanwhile, the Jin dynasty took notice of the Shi family's internal strife. The Jin minister Chu Pou was made Grand Commander to take advantage of it.As the people of Lu commandery offered their surrender to the Jin forces, Chu Pou sent Wang Kan (王龕) and <mask> (李邁) to gather them. <mask> fought them at Dai slope (代陂, east of present-day Tengzhou, Shandong) where he captured Wang Kan and killed <mask>. The defeat forced Chu Pou to retreat south. Although Shi Min had been a staunch supporter of Shi Zun, their relationship broke down when Zun did not appoint Min as the Crown Prince despite his promise. Discussions were made between Shi Zun, Empress Dowager Zheng, and the other princes on getting rid of Shi Min. However, one prince, Shi Jian decided to alert Shi Min of this. Shi Min forced <mask> to conspire with him, and together they surrounded Shi Zun's house.They executed him along with the Empress Dowager and their loyal ministers. Reign of Shi Jian
Shi Jian was installed as the new emperor, but real power was held by Shi Min and <mask>, with <mask> being the Grand Marshal. During the two's time in power, numerous assassination attempts were made to remove them. The first was carried out by Shi Jian and his brother Shi Bao, who engineered a night raid but failed and was caught instead. Shi Jian pretended not to know anything of the plot, so he was spared while Shi Bao and the other perpetrators were executed. Another attempt by Shi Jian's family was made, consisting of Shi Cheng, Shi Chi and Shi Hui, although without Jian's knowledge, but all three were defeated and killed by <mask> and Shi Min. The third plot was headed Sun Fudu (孫伏都) and <mask> (劉銖), with both generals intending to restore the emperor's authority.When Shi Jian heard about their plan, he supported them wholeheartedly. Sun Fudu and <mask> waited for <mask> and Shi Min in the capital to ambush them, but they too were defeated. Shi Jian became fearful and turned on Sun Fudu. Much like the conspirators before, Shi Min and <mask> killed Sun Fudu and his men. In 350, Shi Min renamed the state of Zhao to Wei (衛) and changed the name of the Shi clan to <mask>, intending to eradicate the clan through a prophecy. This caused panic among the Shi and their ministers, who all fled to the Prince of Xinxing, Shi Zhi in Xiangguo (襄國, in modern Xingtai, Hebei). Most of Zhao's administrators such as Pu Hong and Yao Yizhong refused to submit to Shi Min and either broke away from the regime or joined forces with Shi Zhi.Finally, Shi Jian made one last attempt at killing Shi Min and <mask>g. He sent a eunuch to General Zhang Chen (張沈) to organize an attack on Yecheng but instead, the eunuch betrayed Shi Jian and revealed the plan, causing Shi Min and <mask> to rush back to the capital. Shi Jian was executed and the remaining members of the Shi clan in the city were eradicated. Ran Wei and death
After Shi Jian's death, the minister Shen Zhong urged Shi Min to claim the title of emperor. Shi Min refused, declaring himself a subject of Jin and instead offered the throne to <mask>, but he too declined. Thus, in the end, Shi Min took the throne and established his state of Wei (魏). Shi Min also changed his family name back to Ran, and appointed <mask> as Grand Governor and Prince of Qi.His sons were also made dukes. <mask> would not hold his new titles for long, as he and his three sons were executed as a part of a government purge by Ran Min. The exact reasons for his death were unknown. References

 Fang, Xuanling (ed.) (648). Book of Jin (Jin Shu). Sima, Guang  (1084).Zizhi Tongjian

350 deaths
4th-century executions
Executed Sixteen Kingdoms people
Later Zhao ministers
Later Zhao generals
Ran Wei

masks:
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li Nong
Yu Liang
Li Nong
Li Nong
Yu Liang
Li Nong
Li Nong
Consort Liu
Li Non
Liang Du
Li Nong
Liang Du
Liang Du
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li Nong
Liu
Liu
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li Mai
Li Nong
Li Mai
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li
Li Nong
Liu Zhu
Liu Zhu
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li
Li Non
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li Nong
Li Nong


texts:
<mask> is a senior counsel in Crowell & Moring's Aviation and Administrative Law & Regulatory practice group. From 2007 until joining Crowell & Moring in April 2014, <mask> was the Deputy Chief Counsel for Operations at the Federal Aviation Administration. He had been assigned to the US Army's Judge Advocate General office. He was at the Center for Military Law and Operations. He was a potential defendant in the proposed international war crimes prosecution for the Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo Bay torture scandal, undertaken by the German national Wolfgang Kaleck. When the German Federal Prosecutor decided not to open an investigation into the international war crimes, this decision was appealed by the Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR), the International Federation for Human Rights (FIGH) and the Republican Attorneys' Association (RAV) in November 2007. However, the Stuttgart Regional Appeals Court dismissed the appeal on April 21, 2009.Education
<mask> graduated from Berkeley Preparatory School in 1975. He attended the University of Florida where he was a member of Florida Blue Key and President of Kappa Alpha Fraternity. He graduated from The University of Florida with a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science in 1978. <mask> went on to earn a Juris Doctorate, with honors, from the University of Florida Levin College Of Law in 1981. While in law school, he was the Chancellor of the Student Honor Court and Chairman of the Board of Masters in the University of Florida Student Government. He is a member of the University of Florida Hall of Fame. He received the Claude Pepper Award for Public Service from the Phi Alpha Delta Law Fraternity.He earned a Master of Laws in Military Law, with honors, from The Judge Advocate General's School, U.S. Army (TJAGSA) in 1993 and a Master of Science in Strategic Studies from the United States Army War College in 2002. He is a Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.) Candidate at the University of Virginia Law School in Charlottesville. Army career
Commissioned as an Army ROTC Distinguished Military Graduate, <mask>'s military schooling includes the Judge Advocate Officer Basic, Advanced, and Graduate Courses; Command and General Staff College; U.S. Army War College; and Airborne, Air Assault, Jumpmaster, Pathfinder, and High Risk SERE Schools. <mask> served as a Judge Advocate in numerous assignments in the Americas, Europe and the Middle East. His service included deployments to Grenada, Bosnia, Kuwait and Iraq. He served as the senior legal advisor for the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment in Fulda, Germany, and Kuwait; Task Force Victory in Kuwait;  Joint Special Operations Command, Fort Bragg, North Carolina; 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), Fort Campbell, Kentucky;  V Corps in Germany, Kuwait, and Iraq; Combined Joint Task Force – Seven (CJTF-&) in Iraq; and Multi-National Forces - Iraq (MNF-I).While serving as the Chief of International and Operational Law at V Corps in Germany, <mask> was the U.S. Forces Legal Liaison Officer to the trial of terrorist Mohammed Ali Hammadi, convicted of hijacking TWA Flight 847 and murdering U.S. Navy diver Robert Stethem. He was the legal advisor to special operations forces involved in the capture of persons indicted for war crimes in the former Yugoslavia, including Serbian General Radislav Krstic, the first person to be convicted of genocide by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for the massacre at Srebrenica. <mask> served on the faculty of the International and Operational Law Department of TJAGSA. He was named the Outstanding Young Army Lawyer by the American Bar Association and received the Clayton B. Burton Award of Excellence from the Military Law Committee of the Florida Bar Association. In 2003 and 2004, <mask> was the senior Staff Judge Advocate (senior attorney) for Coalition Forces in Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Following the discovery of prisoner abuse at the Abu Ghraib detention facility, <mask> was among those investigated for professional misconduct.The extensive U.S. Army investigation, some of which remains classified, exonerated <mask>. The investigation was conducted by the Chief Trial Judge for the U.S. Army, who wrote in the unclassified executive summary of the investigation: "Not only was he not derelict in the performance of his duties in any measure, he was the most respected officer in the command." <mask> retired from the United States Army JAG Corps in 2007 after selection for Brigadier General. Military Awards and Decorations  include:
Distinguished Service Medal;
Defense Superior Service Medal;
Legion of Merit;
Bronze Star Medal (2);
Defense Meritorious Service Medal;
Meritorious Service Medal (3);
Joint Service Commendation Medal;
Army Commendation Medal (4);
Joint Service Achievement Medal;
Army Achievement Medal (2);
Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (2);
Armed Forces Service Medal; and
NATO Medal

Recent work
Upon retirement from the army, <mask> served as the deputy chief counsel for operations at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) from November 2007 to 2010. He briefly left the FAA in 2010 to become the executive director of the American Inns of Court Foundation, a professional association dedicated to improving the skills, professionalism and ethics of the bench and bar. He returned to the FAA to serve as the deputy chief counsel, the senior career executive attorney responsible for legal support to the agency. <mask> was named the "Transportation Lawyer of the Year" in 2012 by the Federal Bar Association.<mask> is a professorial lecturer in law at The George Washington University Law School, teaching courses on National Security Law and Nation Building and Rule of Law. He is the co-holder of the Solf-Warren Honorary Chair of International and Operational Law at TJAGSA and is a frequent panelist and speaker at symposia on aviation, international, and operational law. He is a member of the Governing Committee of the American Bar Association Forum on Air and Space Law and was a participant in the Operational Law Experts Roundtable that issued a report on the Gotovina judgment published in 2012 by the International Humanitarian Law Clinic at Emory University School of Law. He is a former president of the Judge Advocates Association. Publications
<mask> served as editor of the Operational Law Handbook and published articles in the Army Lawyer, Military Law Review, and various other military and legal professional publications. Most recent article: "The Fog of Law: The Law of Armed Conflict in Operation Iraqi Freedom, 167 – 209" THE WAR IN IRAQ: A LEGAL ANALYSIS (Pedrozo ed., 2010) (Vol. 86, U.S.Naval War College International Law Studies). He wrote the foreword to The Law of Armed Conflict: An Operational Approach (Aspen Casebook Series textbook) published in 2012 by Wolters Kluwer. References

External links
Background info

United States Army officers
Living people
University of Florida College of Liberal Arts and Sciences alumni
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fredric G. Levin College of Law alumni

masks:
Marc Warren
Marc Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren