texts:
Nora Kristina Benshoof (née Greenwald; born on September 7, 1977) is an American semi-retired professional wrestler signed to WWE as a producer, she is best known for her appearances with the said company from 2000 to 2005 under the ring name <mask>. She is also known for her appearances with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) as Miss Madness and Mona in 1999 to 2000. <mask> began her professional wrestling career in WCW, where she also worked as a trainer. In 2000, Greenwald debuted in the then-WWF as part of The <mask> stable, an alliance of storyline cousins. She was later aligned with The Hurricane. During her time with the WWF/WWE, <mask> held the WWF Hardcore Championship once and the WWE Women's Championship twice. She now serves as a coach at The Academy School of Professional Wrestling in Minneapolis, Minnesota.She also continues to make sporadic appearances in WWE, including competing in the 2018 and 2020 Women's Royal Rumble. In 2021, <mask> was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in that year's class. Early life
Greenwald was born in 1977 to Rick and Bonnie Greenwald. She has two brothers. Greenwald was interested in appearing on American Gladiators and trained to be a powerlifter from age 14 to age 18. At age 14, she broke the Minnesota state powerlifting record (75 pounds) for her age group by lifting 100 pounds. She also trained as a gymnast.After she graduated from Forest Lake Area High School in 1996, Nora left home with $200 and a '65 Oldsmobile, which she drove from Minnesota to Florida, worked at a Subway restaurant and as a telemarketer, and out of curiosity tried out for wrestling. Professional wrestling career

Early career (1997–1999)
Greenwald began training as a wrestler under Dean Malenko in Tampa, Florida in 1997. She debuted on August 2, 1997 in the World Professional Wrestling Federation (WPWF) under the ring name Starla Saxton. Greenwald wrestled on the independent circuit throughout 1997 and 1998, winning two championships. On August 21, 1998 she defeated Malia Hosaka to win the New Dimension Wrestling Women's Title, but lost it one day later back to Hosaka. She appeared with both World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation as Starla Saxon, unsuccessfully challenging Jacqueline for the WWF Women's Championship on an October 1998 episode of Sunday Night Heat and on an episode of the U.K. version of Shotgun. In late 1999, she briefly feuded with Brandi Alexander while wrestling in the Florida independent circuit.World Championship Wrestling (1999–2000)

Greenwald debuted in WCW as the evil Miss Madness, one of Randy Savage's valets along with Gorgeous George and Madusa. Savage asked Greenwald and Madusa to train his then-girlfriend Gorgeous George in real life, highlights of which were shown on WCW television. As part of the storyline, this villainous alliance, called Team Madness, would interfere in matches for the benefit of Savage. Behind the scenes, Greenwald and Madusa trained the other women of WCW at the WCW Power Plant. Eventually, Savage betrayed Miss Madness by firing her from Team Madness along with Madusa after a championship loss. She then became Mona, a fan favorite, who wore a beauty pageant sash, tiara, white gloves, and heels to the ring and wrestled barefoot in a blue cocktail dress. She embarked on mini-feuds with Madusa, Little Jeannie, and Asya.Independent female wrestlers, such as Dee Dee Venturi and Brandi Alexander, were also brought in to wrestle Mona. WCW released Greenwald, however, in August 2000 in a cost-cutting move. World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment

Lady Ophelia (2000)
Upon signing a contract with the World Wrestling Federation, she was sent to their training ground in Memphis Championship Wrestling to work off ring-rust. She became the manager of William Regal and was known as Lady Ophelia. While there, she squared off against The Kat, Bobcat, and Victoria. In 2000, she reappeared in the World Wrestling Federation under the Lady Ophelia gimmick, wrestling dark matches and valeting for William Regal. The <mask>usins (2000–2001)

Greenwald, however, had her first major run in the company as <mask>, where she joined her on-screen cousins <mask> and <mask>.At the time, The <mask>ins were involved in a feud with T & A (Test, Albert, and manager Trish Stratus). Greenwald says that Stratus was one of her favorite people with whom to work. <mask>'s arrival on the November 6, 2000 edition of Raw started a short feud with Stratus, ... <mask> beat Stratus on the November 16, 2000 episode of Smackdown before Survivor Series. to her first televised victory over Stratus in a Six-Person intergender tag team match at the Survivor Series. November 23, 2000 of Smackdown! episode, <mask> using Molly-Go-Round finisher first time and defeat Stratus as her first singles match on WWF. In 2001, <mask> formed an on-screen relationship with Spike Dudley, in the midst of their storyline rivalry between her cousins and Spike's brothers (The Dudley Boyz).In interviews in subsequent years, Greenwald recalled the "relationship" with Spike Dudley as the "best time of her career." A subsequent fallout between her and Crash even led to an intergender singles match, with <mask> pinning Crash. <mask> (2001–2002)
In September 2001, <mask> dumped Spike to become <mask>, the superhero sidekick of The Hurricane. <mask>, however, eventually left The Hurricane to become a full-time solo wrestler, taking his Hardcore Championship after whacking him with a frying pan at WrestleMania X8 on March 17, 2002 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. She promptly lost it to Christian an hour later after getting a door slammed in her face. Women's Champion (2002–2003)

After splitting up with The Hurricane in April 2002, she returned to her previous ring name, <mask>. Upon her return to the newly renamed World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), she drastically changed her look by shortening her trademark blonde hair and darkening it to autumn brown.Greenwald's reasoning behind this was that it fit her new character better. Greenwald adopted a villainous, self-righteous prude character, who was appalled by the other WWE Divas continually using their "assets" and degrading themselves. During this gimmick, she would often refer to herself as being "pure and wholesome." After turning heel, <mask> began her first rivalry as a villain with Trish Stratus after she attacked her in a post-match assault on the April 1, episode of Raw, by breaking a paddle over Stratus head. On the April 15, episode of Raw, <mask> was defeated by Trish Stratus in a number one contenders match to Jazz's Women's Championship. On the May 6, episode of Raw, <mask> was defeated by Terri in a Diva's showdown contest, after wearing a covered swim suit and claiming to have dignity as Terri was dressed with a more revealing swim suit, before attacking her and being stopped by Jerry Lawler, this led to a match between both of them the following week on the May 13, episode of Raw, where <mask> emerged victorious. Following this, her feud with Stratus further escalated after Trish provoked <mask> by making fun of <mask>'s large bottom on the June 10th episode of Raw, which led to a match that same night, where <mask> defeated Stratus in a non–title match.The rivalry led to a match at King of the Ring on June 23 for Trish's Women's title, where <mask> successfully captured it for the first time after pinning Stratus by hooking her tights. The following night on Raw, <mask> teamed up with Jackie Gayda for a tag team match and stated that she finally had brought back dignity to the Women's title by not being a "tramp who sleeps her way to the top" referring to Stratus, before being defeated by Trish and Linda Miles. On the July 15, episode of Raw, <mask> successfully defended her title against Trish Stratus. After multiple intergender tag team matches throughout mid-July, August and early September including the first intergender tag team tables match between both <mask> and Stratus who started an alignment with Bubba who competed along with her, Trish received a rematch for <mask>'s Championship on September 22 at Unforgiven, where she dropped the title back to Stratus. The following night on Raw, <mask> tried to regain her title during a triple–threat match against Victoria and Stratus in an unsuccessful attempt, to end their feud. During this feud, Jerry Lawler also began to poke fun at Greenwald's bottom-heavy figure, which Greenwald later revealed genuinely hurt her feelings in real-life, Greenwald, however, initially did not mind the storyline when Stephanie McMahon approached her with the idea. After ending her feud with Stratus, <mask> started competing in various singles and tag team matches till the end of 2002 and early 2003 including a second triple–threat match for the Women's Championship on October 28, episode of Raw, ending on both winning and losing sides.Alliance with Gail Kim (2003–2005)
<mask> earned her second Women's Championship by defeating Gail Kim on Raw on July 28, 2003. Kim later turned villainous and joined <mask> in her feud with Stratus. During an attack on Stratus, Lita made her return, helping Trish fend off her attackers. <mask> and Kim then lost a tag team match to Lita and Trish at Unforgiven, sparking a feud with Lita. This feud led to a match against Lita at Survivor Series for the Women's title, which <mask> retained. <mask> lost her championship to Victoria in a Four-Way Elimination match on February 23, 2004. The feud led to a Hair versus Title match at WrestleMania XX in March 2004, which <mask> lost, resulting in her having her head shaved.Greenwald maintains that it was her idea to have her head shaved, suggesting the idea to Vince McMahon months before the match occurred because she wanted to do something shocking at WrestleMania. Over the next few months, in storyline, she desperately tried to disguise her bald head using loose-fitting wigs. Later in 2004, <mask> feuded with Stacy Keibler, overpowering Stacy on the mat and pinning her in three consecutive occasions, the last one occurring in a number one contender's match. <mask>'s final WWE pay-per-view appearance occurred at Taboo Tuesday in 2004 as she appeared in the Fulfill Your Fantasy Battle Royal along with many other WWE Divas. The fans voted online for the Divas to wear schoolgirl uniforms, as opposed to French maid or nurse outfits. In contrast to the other girls who wore sexy schoolgirl uniforms, <mask> wore a demure 1980s-style schoolgirl uniform with large pink panties underneath. <mask> failed to win the match when Stratus eliminated her by tossing her through the ropes for the win.<mask>'s efforts in subsequent attempts to regain the title failed. Due to several wrestlers from the company's women's division being released in late 2004 and the introduction of the Raw Diva Search program, <mask> was mostly left off television, only occasionally appearing on Sunday Night Heat and Raw in losing efforts to the likes of Lita, Victoria, Trish Stratus, and Christy Hemme. Greenwald left WWE and a full-time wrestling career in April 2005. Reportedly, she was beginning to become disenchanted with WWE, who began to focus on looks rather than wrestling ability. She also hated that her character had become a villain, but that was not the direct cause of her leaving the company. Greenwald stated that all of the aforementioned reasons were incorrect, but she would like to keep the real reason she left WWE private. She decided to take a break from WWE and spend some time with her family and enjoy life.Sporadic appearances and Hall of Fame (2007–present)

On December 2007, at the Raw 15th Anniversary, <mask> returned during a backstage segment with William Regal, Mickie James and Hornswoggle. On April 5, 2009, at WrestleMania XXV, <mask> returned to compete on the 25-Diva Royal to crown Miss WrestleMania, which was won by Santina Marella. On January 27, 2016, she appeared on WWE Network's program Table for 3, along with Alundra Blayze and Ivory. She appeared once again on the program this time along with Candice Michelle and Michelle McCool, which aired on May 18. On January 28, 2018, at the Royal Rumble, <mask> made a surprise entrance at number 12 during the first women's Royal Rumble match, in which she eliminated Sarah Logan before being eliminated by Michelle McCool. On April 6, she inducted Ivory into the WWE Hall of Fame as part of the 2018 class. <mask> was also included in the 20-women Battle Royale at the first ever all Women's pay-per-view, Evolution.She returned reprising her "Mighty Molly" gimmick at the Royal Rumble on January 26, 2020, entering at number 3 and being eliminated by Bianca Belair. She also made an appearance on the Raw Legends Night special on January 4, 2021. On March 10, 2021, <mask> was announced as the first inductee into the 2021 WWE Hall of Fame. She has since begun to work as a producer for the company. On January 29, 2022, Mightly <mask> was a surprise entrant at the Royal Rumble match but was quickly eliminated by Nikki A.S.H following a sneak attack during her entrance. Independent circuit (2005–2007, 2018)
On November 20, 2005, Greenwald made her first public appearance since her WWE departure at Northern IMPACT Wrestling's first ever card at the Veterans of Foreign Wars Hall in her hometown of Forest Lake, Minnesota. On January 8, 2006 in Amery, Wisconsin, Greenwald made her first in-ring appearance in nine months, appearing with Northern IMPACT Wrestling, a local Minnesota/Wisconsin wrestling promotion.In addition to refereeing a match between Rain and Ann-Thraxx (Ann Brookstone), Greenwald counted the pin for the main event match between Team Revolution and Team Invasion. She went on to referee an Impact Zone Wrestling match on February 14, 2006 in Tempe, Arizona and an XJAM Wrestling match on February 16, 2006 in Minot, North Dakota, where she challenged Ann-Thraxx to wrestle her, with Ann-Thraxx refusing. On April 8, 2006, Greenwald appeared at the German Stampede Wrestling event International Impact III in Olsberg, Germany, commentating on a match along with former Pro Wrestling Illustrated senior editor Bill Apter and refereeing a women's match. In subsequent months, she made (non-wrestling) appearances at several independent wrestling events. On October 7, 2006, Greenwald returned to in-ring action for the first time since April 2005 by defeating Jonny Fairplay after a quick low blow and pinfall in a WCWA event. Nora returned to several events as guest referee or for autograph signings. She first refereed an intergender match between Kassy Summers and Seito Hayashi for BAW Championship Wrestling on July 13, 2007 in McMinnville, Oregon, then was guest referee in a match between Ann-Thraxx and TNA's Christy Hemme for Heavy on Wrestling in Superior, Wisconsin on July 21.Greenwald is one of the stars of the wrestling documentary, Bloodstained Memoirs. On August 31, 2018, Nora reprised her "Mighty Molly" gimmick and took part in Chikara's King of Trios event. Other media
<mask> has appeared in seven WWE video games. She made her in-game debut at WWF SmackDown! Just Bring It and appears in WWF Raw, WWE WrestleMania X8, WWE SmackDown! Shut Your Mouth, WWE Raw 2, WWE Day of Reckoning, WWE SmackDown! vs.Raw and WWE 2K20. Personal life
In 2002, Greenwald competed on a special edition of Fear Factor, where she was eliminated in the second round. She won $10,000 for Prison Fellowship Ministries. In August 2005, she released an autobiographical DVD entitled "Nora Greenwald: Shootin' the Shi Crap" that detailed the reasons behind her departure. A portion of the profits from the sale of the DVD went to the education fund of the daughter of Mike Lockwood, her onetime on-screen cousin, after his death. After leaving the wrestling business, Greenwald has made sporadic wrestling appearances, acts as a landlady with regards to her property holdings, invests in real estate, and performs charity work. On December 16, 2006, Nora went to Guatemala for several months to learn Spanish and do missions work.In addition, she took public speaking classes and earned a license in massage therapy. Greenwald now works for Minnesota Teen Challenge, a one-year residential drug and alcohol rehabilitation program. She joined the program because at least ten of her friends have died because of drug overdoses. Greenwald, a born again Christian, ministers to the women in the program. In January 2009, Greenwald participated in The Polar Bear Plunge, where she voluntarily submerged herself in freezing water to raise money for the Special Olympics Minnesota. She has also been a bus aide for special needs children and worked with recovering addicts at Teen Challenge. In July 2010, she announced her engagement to Geno Benshoof, whom she met while working as a teen counselor.The couple were married in the backyard of Benshoof's parents house in White Bear Lake, Minnesota on July 22, 2010. Nora is currently the female lead coach at The Academy: School of Professional Wrestling, a training facility led by fellow WWE alumni Ken Anderson, and former WWE producer Shawn Daivari. Influence on Beth Phoenix
<mask> was honored in a sign of respect by wrestler Beth Phoenix on March 31, 2017, during the latter's Hall of Fame induction, in which Phoenix noted that <mask> put her in touch with Nick Dinsmore and Nightmare Danny Davis., who helped to train her. Phoenix also mentioned that <mask> had quietly paid her tuition so that she could chase her dreams. She then noted that the strong women are the ones who build each other up instead of tearing each other down, and that <mask> was such a woman. Championships and accomplishments
 Cauliflower Alley Club
 Women's Wrestling Award (2013)
 New Dimension Wrestling
 NDW Women's Championship (1 time)
 World Professional Wrestling Federation
 WPWF Women's Championship (1 time)
 Women Superstars Uncensored
 WSU Hall of Fame (Class of 2010)
 World Wrestling Federation / World Wrestling Entertainment / WWE
 WWE Women's Championship (2 times)
 WWF Hardcore Championship (1 time)
 WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2021)

Luchas de Apuestas record

References

External links

1977 births
American female professional wrestlers
Forest Lake Area High School alumni
Living people
People from Forest Lake, Minnesota
Professional wrestlers from Minnesota
Professional wrestling managers and valets
Professional wrestling trainers
The Dudley Brothers members
WWE Hall of Fame inductees
WWF/WWE Hardcore Champions
WWF/WWE Women's Champions
21st-century American women
21st century professional wrestlers

masks:
Molly Holly
Holly
Holly Cousins
Holly
Molly Holly
Holly Co
Molly Holly
Bob Holly
Crash Holly
Holly Cous
Molly
Molly Holly
Holly
Molly
Molly
Mighty Molly
Molly
Mighty Molly
Molly
Molly Holly
Holly
Holly
Holly
Holly
Molly
Molly
Holly
Molly
Holly
Holly
Molly
Molly
Holly
Holly
Molly
Molly
Holly
Holly
Molly
Molly
Molly
Molly Holly
Molly
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Holly
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Molly
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Holly


type: original

texts:
Sir <mask>SO (born Hoar, 3 July 1758 – 13 June 1825) was an English officer of the Royal Navy who served during the American War of Independence and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. His career began in the East Indies, where he served aboard the frigate  with two fellow youths Horatio Nelson and <mask> who he would remain in contact with as they each rose through the ranks in the navy. He eventually spent most of his youth serving in the West Indies and off the American coasts during the American War of Independence, seeing action in a number of battles with the French. He was a commander by the end of the war, but peace left him without a ship or promotion prospects. He married during the period of peace, taking the surname <mask> in accordance with his father-in-law's will, and also used his time ashore to carry out experiments that led to the introduction of lifebuoys to the navy. Returning to active service during the wars with revolutionary France, <mask> commanded a number of ships, often in the North Sea or the English Channel. His experience led to him being assigned to the expedition to the Baltic with Sir Hyde Parker and his old friend Horatio Nelson.<mask> was involved in the fierce fighting during the Battle of Copenhagen, and received Nelson's praise for his actions. This was the start of <mask>'s long association with the Baltic, both as a captain, and after his promotion to rear-admiral. His good service led to a knighthood and an appointment to the Swedish Order of the Sword, but seriously weakened his health. He was obliged to resign his command in 1810, and went into retirement, dying in 1825. Family and early life
<mask> was born <mask> on 3 July 1758 in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, the sixth child and fourth son of George Hoar, the Keeper of the Regalia of England at the Tower of London, and his wife Francis. His name was entered into the books of the yacht HMY William & Mary in March 1771, when he was just twelve years old, but this was only for seniority, and he spent his early life being educated, first at a navigation school in his native Stockton, followed by a move to London to attend Mr Eaton's academy, and then Christ's Hospital. He first went to sea in October 1773, joining the 24-gun  under Captain George Farmer.Also serving aboard the Seahorse as midshipman and able seaman respectively were the young Horatio Nelson and <mask>. The three future admirals became good friends and would remain in correspondence with each other throughout their lives. Hoar transferred to the 50-gun  under Commodore Sir Edward Hughes on 27 June 1777 at the instigation of Hoar's patron, Lord Mulgrave, and returned to England on 14 May 1778. He was promoted to lieutenant on 21 May that year, and appointed to serve aboard the 74-gun  under Joshua Rowley. With Rowley he was present at the Battle of Ushant on 27 July 1778, and in December moved with Rowley to the 74-gun . Rowley and Hoar sailed to the West Indies to support operations there against the French fleets. Hoar saw action with Admiral John Byron's fleet at the Battle of Grenada on 6 July 1779, and then in two subsequent boat actions in December off Martinique.Hoar continued to serve under Rowley, accompanying him when he moved his flag to the 74-gun  in March 1780. With Rowley Hoar saw action against the Comte d'Estaing at the Battle of Martinique on 17 April, and in two indecisive actions on 15 and 19 May. Rowley made Hoar his flag-lieutenant for his good service in July, and on 10 August 1782 Hoar was promoted to commander, and given command of the 16-gun sloop  based at Port Royal. He remained in this position until the end of the war, at which his ship was paid off after her return to England in August 1783. Interwar period and marriage
Hoar remained on half-pay at the rank of commander for the years between the end of the American War of Independence, and the start of the French Revolutionary Wars. He married during this time ashore, taking as his wife Catherine Dorothy <mask>, daughter of Peregrine <mask>. The couple were married at St Marylebone Parish Church on 20 May 1788, after which Hoar took the surname <mask>, in accordance with his father-in-law's will.Also in 1788 he carried out a series of experiments at Spithead, that led to the introduction of lifebuoys into the navy. The Nootka Crisis in 1790 led to <mask> receiving his long delayed promotion to post-captain, on 22 November 1790. He received the command of  but the easing of tensions led to her being paid off and <mask> was left without a ship. This continued even after the start of the French Revolutionary Wars in 1793, until September 1795, when he took command of the 54-gun  with orders to serve in the West Indies. Command
<mask> followed through on his orders, but while serving at Port-au-Prince in the West Indies he suffered a severe attack of yellow fever, and was invalided home in October 1796. He recovered his health and on 29 March 1797 he was appointed to command the 54-gun  at Plymouth. He was part of the court that court-martialled Captain John Williamson for misconduct during the Battle of Camperdown, and afterwards received an appointment to command the 64-gun  in the North Sea.Nelson wrote to congratulate <mask>, calling the Ardent 'the finest man-of-war upon her decks that ever I saw.' While in command of the Ardent he developed a slight alteration to the 42pdr carronades carried on her main deck. <mask> observed that if the chock were depressed by two inches, the gun could be worked and run out with a smaller number of people, while the recoil was reduced and the force of the shot increased. <mask> reported this to the Board of Ordnance, which subsequently adopted the modification for all the ships in the fleet. North Sea and Baltic
<mask> spent the next few years in the North Sea and in blockading the Texel, initially under Admiral Adam Duncan until August 1799, and then Vice-Admiral Andrew Mitchell. After the surrender of the Dutch fleet to Mitchell in the Vlieter Incident on 30 August, <mask> was ordered to take possession of the 68-gun De Ruyter, and then to escort the rest of the prizes to the Nore, arriving there on 10 September. After the failure of the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland, <mask> assisted in the evacuation and received the thanks of Parliament.He then took part in Vice-Admiral Archibald Dickson's expedition to Copenhagen in support of Lord Whitworth's diplomatic mission. <mask> returned to Copenhagen in 1801, with Sir Hyde Parker's expedition, and was detached to join his old friend Nelson's division for the attack on the city. <mask> and the Ardent were duly engaged in the thick of the fighting, eventually suffering 29 killed and 64 wounded, with another 40 being slightly wounded but able to continue working. During the battle the Ardent forced the surrender of four Danish ships and floating batteries, causing Nelson to come aboard the Ardent the day after the battle to deliver his personal commendations to Ardents officers and men for their actions. On 9 April Parker moved <mask> to the 74-gun , replacing her captain, <mask> Thompson, who had lost a leg in the battle and was temporarily hors de combat. <mask> spent the next year serving in the Baltic, first under Nelson, and then under his successor, Sir Charles Pole. Cadiz and West Indies
<mask> was sent home in July 1802 with a squadron under Rear-Admiral Sir <mask>, and went from there to Cadiz, via Cork, in order to blockade the Spanish fleet there.The Peace of Amiens led to his return to England again, but he was soon sent to sea again as part of Charles Tyler's squadron despatched to the West Indies. He returned to Britain in June, where the Bellona was paid off. Resumption of war
The resumption of hostilities in 1803 led to <mask> taking command of the 74-gun  on 3 November. The Courageaux became the flagship of Rear-Admiral James Richard Dacres, and in January <mask> attempted to organise a convoy to the West Indies. Soon after leaving Britain a gale blew up, causing considerable damage to the ship and forcing <mask> to return to Britain. Before he could return to sea, a sudden family crisis forced <mask> to resign his command, not returning to active service until December 1805. In that month he was given command of the 98-gun , commanding her in the English Channel.He was promoted to rear-admiral on 28 April 1808, and was requested to serve in the Baltic by Sir James Saumarez. Flag rank and later life
He flew his flag initially from the 74-gun , followed by the 74-gun  and the 64-gun . After a brief return to Britain in January 1809, he returned to the Baltic in March 1809 aboard the 64-gun , where he spent most of the year. He returned to Britain in December, and in February 1810 was obliged to strike his flag owing to his poor health. He was knighted on 24 June 1813 and authorised to accept the award of the Swedish Order of the Sword. He was advanced to a vice-admiral on 4 December 1813. He died at Twyford Lodge, Hampshire, the home of his brother, on 13 June 1825.Notes

References

1758 births
1825 deaths
Royal Navy admirals
Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
Knights Bachelor
People from Stockton-on-Tees
People educated at Christ's Hospital
Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War
Knights of the Order of the Sword

masks:
Thomas Bertie K
Thomas Troubridge
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Thomas Hoar
Thomas Troubridge
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Thomas Boulden
Bertie
Bertie
Thomas Graves
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie
Bertie


texts:
Booker T. Washington "<mask>" <mask> (November 12, 1906 February 26, 1977) was an American Delta blues guitarist and singer. Bukka is a phonetic spelling of <mask>'s first name; he was named after the African-American educator and civil rights activist Booker T. Washington. Biography
<mask> was born south of Houston, Mississippi. He was a first cousin of B.B. King's mother (<mask>'s mother and King's grandmother were sisters). He played National resonator guitars, typically with a slide, in an open tuning. He was one of the few, along with Skip James, to use a crossnote tuning in E minor, which he may have learned, as James did, from Henry Stuckey.He also played piano, but less adeptly. <mask> started his career playing the fiddle at square dances. He claimed to have met Charlie Patton soon after, but some have doubted this recollection. Nonetheless, Patton was a strong influence on <mask>. "I wants to come to be a great man like Charlie Patton", <mask> told his friends. He first recorded for Victor Records in 1930. His recordings for Victor, like those of many other bluesmen, included country blues and gospel music.Victor published his photograph in 1930. His gospel songs were done in the style of Blind Willie Johnson, with a female singer accentuating the last phrase of each line. From fourteen recordings, Victor released two records under the name <mask>, two gospel songs with Memphis Minnie on backing vocals and two country blues. Nine years later, while serving time for assault, he recorded for the folklorist John Lomax. The few songs he recorded around this time became his most well known: "Shake 'Em On Down" and "Po' Boy". His 1937 version of the oft-recorded song "Shake 'Em on Down" is considered definitive; it became a hit while <mask> was serving time in Mississippi State Penitentiary, commonly known as Parchman Farm. He wrote about his experience there in "Parchman Farm Blues", which was released in 1940.He served in the US Navy from 1942 to 1944, after which he settled in Memphis, Tennessee, and worked outside music. Bob Dylan covered his song "Fixin' to Die Blues", which aided a "rediscovery" of <mask> in 1963 by guitarist John Fahey and Ed Denson, which propelled him into the folk music revival of the 1960s. <mask> had recorded the song simply because his other songs had not particularly impressed the Victor record producer. It was a studio composition of which <mask> had thought little until it re-emerged thirty years later. Fahey and Denson found <mask> easily enough: Fahey wrote a letter to <mask> and addressed it to "<mask> <mask> (Old Blues Singer), c/o General Delivery, Aberdeen, Mississippi"—presuming, given <mask>'s song "Aberdeen, Mississippi", that <mask> still lived there or nearby. The postcard was forwarded to Memphis, where <mask> worked in a tank factory. Fahey and Denson soon traveled there to meet him, and <mask> and Fahey remained friends for the rest of <mask>'s life.He recorded a new album for Denson and Fahey's Takoma Records, and Denson became his manager. <mask> was at one time also managed by Arne Brogger, an experienced manager of blues musicians. Later in his life, <mask> was friends with musician Furry Lewis. The two were recorded (mostly in Lewis's Memphis apartment) by Bob West for an album, Furry Lewis, Bukka <mask> & Friends: Party! At Home, released on the Arcola label. <mask> died of cancer in February 1977, at the age of 70, in Memphis, Tennessee. In 1990 he was posthumously inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame (along with Blind Blake and Lonnie Johnson).On November 21, 2011, the Recording Academy announced the addition of "Fixin' to Die Blues" to its 2012 list of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients. Legacy
The Led Zeppelin song "Hats Off to (Roy) Harper", on the band's 1970 album Led Zeppelin III, was based in large part on <mask>'s "Shake 'Em on Down". "Custard Pie", a song on their 1975 album Physical Graffiti, also references "Shake 'Em on Down." <mask>'s 1963 recordings of "Shake 'Em on Down" and spoken-word piece "Remembrance of Charlie Patton" were both sampled by electronic artist Recoil (mostly a one-man effort by Alan Wilder of Depeche Mode) for the track "Electro Blues for Bukka White" on the 1992 album Bloodline. The song was reworked and re-released on the 2000 EP Jezebel. In 1995, <mask>'s "Aberdeen, Mississippi" was covered as "Aberdeen" by guitarist Kenny Wayne Shepherd on his debut album, Ledbetter Heights. It reached number 23 on the Billboard (North America) Mainstream Rock Tracks in 1996.On January 26, 2010, Eric Bibb released Booker's Guitar (TEL 31756 02) through Telarc International Corporation, after becoming inspired by the hidden stories Bibb felt by holding <mask>'s famous guitar. <mask>'s song "Parchman Farm Blues" was recorded by Jeff Buckley, and was released posthumously on the bonus disc of Buckley's album Grace: Legacy Edition. In 2011, <mask> was honored with a marker on the Mississippi Blues Trail in Houston, Mississippi. The Bukka White Blues Festival is an annual music festival on Columbus Day Weekend in Aberdeen, Mississippi. Discography

Studio albums
Mississippi Blues (Takoma, 1964)
Sky Songs (Vol.

masks:
Bukka
White
White
White
White
White
White
White
Washington White
White
White
White
White
White
White
Bukka
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<mask> (born 9 May 1967, Amsterdam) is a Dutch evolutionary psychologist who holds a professorship in evolutionary psychology and work and organizational psychology at the VU University (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Van Vugt has affiliate positions at the University of Oxford, Institute for Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology (ICEA). Career
<mask>t went to Bataafs Lyceum and studied psychology at the University of Groningen, followed by a PhD in applied social psychology at the University of Maastricht during which he worked on research into environmental sustainability and transportation as social dilemma and tragedy of the commons problems. After receiving his PhD in 1996, <mask>t was hired by the University of Southampton, UK, to work as a lecturer in psychology, followed by a professorship in 2004 at the University of Kent, UK. Research
<mask> currently holds a professorship in psychology at the VU University (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam, bringing evolutionary and Darwinian thinking into the field of social psychology and organisational psychology. His research covers all areas of evolutionary psychology as applied to topics such as leadership followership, altruism, group dynamics, business, management, intergroup conflict and warfare, social dilemma, organisational psychology, volunteering and environmental protection. He has contributed to the scientific literature by proposing evolutionary  evolutionary psychology theories for human social behavior.On leadership followership and organizations through the evolutionary leadership theory. On intergroup relations through the male warrior hypothesis. On the evolutionary psychology of social dilemmas. On conservation and sustainability through the lens of evolutionary psychology and evolutionary mismatch. Recently he conducted work on the Napoleon complex adopting an evolutionary lens. Grants and Awards
Van Vugt is a Fellow of the British Royal Society for Arts and Commerce. He is also the first recipient of the Juda Groen award in the Netherlands for his contributions to evolution, evolutionary psychology, and human behavior.He is the Business Editor of the Evolution Institute. Van Vugt has received several grants for his research, including from national and international science foundations, and from private partners. Media
<mask> Vugt is the lead author of a popular science book on leadership, Naturally Selected, with British science journalist Anjana Ahuja which has been translated in over ten languages. He is also co-author of a book on evolutionary mismatch and the implications of mismatch for human society (with novelist Ronald Giphart). Van Vugt has also co-authored books on prestige social dilemmas and the evolution of cooperation and a textbook on applying social psychology. His research has been discussed in many national and international popular science media outlets as the Nature, Huffington Post New Scientist, The Times, The Guardian, CNN, BBC, ABC Trouw and the Volkskrant. Van Vugt has a blog on Psychology Today, He also blogs on the website of the Dutch daily newspaper de Volkskrant applying evolutionary insights to societal issues.Van Vugt further co-writes with Max Wildschut a monthly column for the Dutch business magazine Management Team applying evolutionary theory to business and management. Editorships
<mask> Vugt serves on the editorial board of various journals such as the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology The Leadership Quarterly and Frontiers in Evolutionary Psychology and Human Neuroscience Politics and Life Sciences . He sat on various national and international panels on psychology teaching and research quality. He is an affiliate member of the British Academy project "From Lucy to Language". He led, together with Robin Dunbar of the University of Oxford, a series of lectures for the Economic and Social Research Council highlighting the role of Darwinian and evolutionary psychology in solving societal problems such as poverty, environmental protection, charity, war and peace. References

<mask> Vugt's blog on Psychology Today
<mask> Vugt "Selected" book lecture at Royal Society in London in September 2010 on YouTube
Reviews of the book have appeared in Nature  and the New Scientist
<mask> Vugt's work on the evolutionary psychology of environmental protection and sustainability was discussed in the New Scientist
<mask> Vugt's evolutionary lessons in leadership failure appear in blogs on the Mind
<mask> Vugt gives Darwin lecture at Academia for Sciences in Czech Republic

Selected books
Giphart, R., & <mask>t, M. (2018). Mismatch: How our Stone Age brain deceives us every day (and what we can do about it).Little,Brown. https://www.amazon.com/Mismatch-Stone-Brain-Deceives-Every/
Van Lange, P., Balliet, D., Parks, C., & <mask>, M. (2014). Social Dilemmas. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Buunk, A. P., & Van Vugt, M. (2013). Applying social psychology: From problems to solutions. London: Sage Publications.Second edition. <mask>, M., & Ahuja, A. (2010). Selected: Why some people lead, why others follow, and why it matters. The Evolutionary Science of Leadership. London: Profile Books/New York: Harper. <mask>, M., Snyder, M., Tyler, T., & Biel, A.(Eds.). (2000). Cooperation in modern society: Promoting the welfare of communities, states, and organizations. London: Routledge. Selected journal articles
Spisak, B., O’Brien, M., Nicholson, N., & Van Vugt, M. (2014). Leadership in organizations: A niche-construction perspective. Academy of Management Review
Vugt, M. van, Griskevicius, V. & Schultz, P. W. (2014).Naturally green: Harnessing Stone Age psychological biases to foster environmental behavior. Social Issue and Policy Review, 8, 1-32. <mask>, M., & Ronay, R. D. (2014).The Evolutionary Psychology of Leadership: Theory, Review, and Roadmap. Organizational Psychology Review, 4, 74–95. Balliet, D., Li, N., Macfarlan, S., & <mask>, M. (2011). Sex differences in cooperation: A meta-analytic review of social dilemmas. Psychological Bulletin.Spisak, B., Homan, A., Grabo, A., & <mask>, M. (2011). Facing the situation: Testing a biosocial contingency model of leadership in intergroup relations using masculine and feminine faces. The Leadership Quarterly
Dunbar, R, Baron, R., Frangou, A., Pearce, E., <mask>wen, E., Stow, J., Partridge, G., Macdonald, I., Barra, V., & <mask>ugt, M (2011). Social laughter is correlated with an elevated pain trhreshold. Proceedings of the Royal Society-B
Brosnan, S. F., Newton-Fisher, N. E., & <mask>, M. (2009). A melding of minds: When primatology meets social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13, 129–147.Hardy, C. L., & <mask>, M. (2006). Nice guys finish first: The competitive altruism hypothesis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 1402–1413. <mask>, M. (2009). Averting the Tragedy of the Commons: Using Social Psychological Science to Protect the Environment. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18, 169–173. <mask>, M., De Cremer, D., & Janssen, D. (2007).Gender differences in competition and cooperation: The male warrior hypothesis. Psychological Science. 18, 19–23. <mask>, M., Hogan, R., & Kaiser, R. (2008). Leadership, followership, and evolution: Some lessons from the past. American Psychologist, 63, 182–196. <mask>, M. (2006).Evolutionary origins of leadership and followership. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10, 354–372. External links
 <mask> <mask>'s webpage
 VU University website
 Daily Science News

 Human Behavior and Evolution Society website

1967 births
Living people
Dutch psychologists
University of Groningen alumni
Maastricht University alumni
Academics of the University of Kent
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam faculty
Scientists from Amsterdam

masks:
Mark van Vugt
Mark van Vug
Mark van Vug
Mark van Vugt
Mark van
Mark van
Mark van
Mark van
Mark Van
Mark van
Mark van
van Vug
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
van leeu
van V
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Van Vugt
Mark van
Vugt


texts:
<mask> (1928 – 10 January 2019) was an English comic artist whose career spanned almost fifty years. Primarily producing strips for the two main publishers, DC Thomson and IPC Magazines, <mask> was best known for drawing Judge Dredd for 2000 AD and the Daily Star. Biography

Early life and work
<mask> was born in Bournemouth in 1928, the son of a structural engineer. He studied to become an engineer himself, but his studies were interrupted by the outbreak of  World War II. <mask> enlisted as a pilot with the Empire Flying Training Programme, and ended up flying mark 19 Spitfires (a photo-reconnaissance model). He was demobbed in 1947, and joined the Gaumont British animation studio, alongside future comics artists Mike Western and Eric Bradbury. After Gaumont British's parent company, the Rank Organisation, went bust in 1949, <mask> found work drawing comics for the Amalgamated Press under editor Leonard Matthews, starting on Knockout with humour strips like "Deed-a-Day Danny" and "Young Joey".His first adventure strip was an adaptation of the Burt Lancaster film The Flame and the Arrow in 1951. More adventure work, including "Ryan of the Redcoats" and adaptations of the western films Buffalo Stampede and The Last Outpost for The Comet, followed. He also contributed art for the Eagle. D. C. Thomson
In 1952 he was hired by D. C. Thomson & Co. as an illustrator for boys' story papers like Hotspur, Adventure and The Wizard under editor R. D. Low. <mask> was now married with a child and no longer wanted to live in bomb-damaged London, so Thomsons bought him a house outside Dundee, where they had their headquarters, paid for from deductions from his wages. He also drew for their girls' comics Bunty and Judy. In 1963 he was sent to South Africa by The Scotsman newspaper to find Jeannie Stewart of the anti-apartheid group Black Sash, who had been sending the paper material but had been stopped by the South African authorities.Because his passport gave his profession as "artist", rather than "journalist", it was felt he would arouse less suspicion. He found her and, after going on safari in the Kruger National Park to maintain his cover as a tourist, was able to bring some material back for the paper. In 1972 he left D. C. Thomson's staff and went freelance, moving to Surrey, although he continued to draw for Thomsons' comics, primarily Hotspur. Strips he drew included "The Cowboy Cricketer", and "Nick Jolly", a fantasy story about an eighteenth-century highwayman brought forward in time by well-meaning aliens to fight the sinister arch-villain Simon Death on his robotic, jet-powered horse Bess. He pushed for Thomsons to publish superhero strips, and was eventually given the go-ahead to create "King Cobra", who first appeared in Hotspur in 1976 and ran until 1980. Other titles he drew for include humour titles The Topper, The Dandy and The Beezer, and boys' adventure titles The Victor and Warlord, for which he drew "Drake of E-Boat Alley" and "Codename Warlord". He also did some uncredited work for Marvel Comics in the USA.2000 AD
In 1979 he began drawing "Judge Dredd" for IPC's 2000 AD, and during the early to mid-1980s, <mask> was by far the most prolific artist working on the character. Along with Brian Bolland and Mike McMahon he contributed to two of the character's most popular epic-length stories, "The Day the Law Died" and "The Judge Child". Amongst the more grotesque characters created by <mask> was Otto Sump, Mega-City One's ugliest man, with <mask> excelling himself in "The Otto Sump Ugly Clinic" depicting the horrific length citizens of the metropolis go to in making themselves look as physically repulsive as possible. <mask> was responsible for the majority of ugly-spin-off stories including "Gunge", "Who Killed Pug Ugly?" about an ugly pop star and "The League of Fatties" about over-eaters gone to extremes (although the first Fatty story was actually drawn by McMahon in a previous Annual). The "Get Ugly!" 2000AD cover has been used at least twice as a T-shirt design.Other Dredd stories which featured <mask> at the peak of his powers were the Pat Mills scripted "Blood of Satanus" where he more than effectively depicted a man's transformation into a blood-thirsty Tyrannosaurus rex, "The Hot-Dog Run" featuring a group of cadet Judges on a training mission in the Cursed Earth and "The Graveyard Shift", an extended narrative covering one typically crime-filled night in Mega-City One. <mask> also co-created the anti-hero Chopper in "Unamerican Graffiti" and Dave the orang-utan who became Mayor of Mega-City One. <mask> also created some of the most memorable 2000 AD cover images, and produced a number of other strips produced for the comic, including "Rogue Trooper" and "Chronos Carnival". <mask> went on to draw for other IPC titles, including M.A.S.K., Eagle, Wildcat and Toxic Crusaders before retiring in the 1990s. Daily Star
<mask> also helped bring Judge Dredd and his world to a whole new audience each weekend when he was chosen to illustrate a weekly Dredd strip for the Daily Star newspaper, each story a complete vignette offering a bizarre slice of life in the future city. Bibliography

D. C. Thomson
Warlord
"Codename Warlord", No. 3, 10, 17, 22, 29, 59, 68, 75, 95, 116
"Drake of E-Boat Alley", #20–36
Cover, No.12
Hotspur
"Nick Jolly", #787–816, 819
Covers, Hotspur Annual, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1982
The Victor
"The Menace in Pit 19", #29–36

IPC/Fleetway
2000AD
"Judge Dredd",  No. 104, 106–108, 111–112, 117–119, 121–25, 128–29, 131–32, 134–35, 137, 140–43, 148, 152–54, 157–59, 164–65, 167–69, 173–75, 179–81, 186–89, 192, 197–200, 202–03, 206–07, 209–223, 233–35, 237–244, 273–74, 280, 289–290 & 295, 300–03, 315–18, 329–330, 335–341, 346–49, 356–58, 366–68, 377–383, 387–89, 393–407, 414–15, 421–22, 430–33, 436, 442, 445–46 & 448–49, 499, 700–701, 824, 835–836, 855, 873–879, 895–896, 899. (1979–1994)
"Survivor", #639–644 (1989)
"Tales from the Doghouse: Moosey", #649 (1989)
"Chronos Carnival"
"Rogue Trooper", #712–723, 776–779(1991–1992)
"Harlem Heroes", #776–779 (1992)

Marvel UK
Transformers No. 84 "Target:2006: Part 4 – Wreck and Rule!" (with Simon Furman, Marvel UK, 1986, collected in Target 2006, 136 pages, Titan Books, August 2002, , IDW Publishing, January 2008, )

References

External links

<mask> Smith at Barney
Obituary at Multiversity Comics

1924 births
2019 deaths
British comics artists
People from Bournemouth

masks:
Ronald George Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Ron Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Ron Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Ron


texts:
<mask> (born August 17, 1989), professionally known as <mask> and as his alter ego The BasedGod, is an American rapper. <mask> has recorded both solo and with Bay Area group The Pack. His solo work spans several genres, including hip hop, new age, indie rock and choral music. He describes his work as "based", a term which denotes a lifestyle of positivity and tolerance; and is noted for his extensive use of social media to build an online cult following. Music career

1989–2007: Early life and career beginnings
McCartney grew up in Berkeley, California, and attended high school at Albany High in Albany. He adopted the name <mask>, and began rapping at age 15 with San Francisco Bay Area based hip hop group The Pack. After two locally successful mixtapes, at the peak of the Bay Area's hyphy movement, the group's song "Vans" became a surprise hit.The song was ranked as the fifth best of 2006 by Rolling Stone magazine. The strength of "Vans" led the group to release the Skateboards 2 Scrapers EP, featuring a "Vans" remix with Bay Area rappers Too $hort and Mistah F.A.B. In 2007, Lil <mask> and The Pack released their first album, Based Boys. 2009–10: Solo success, collaborations and  Rain in England

On September 24, 2009 <mask> released his first digital album, I'm Thraxx, via independent label Permanent Marks. On December 22, 2009, <mask> released his second digital album, 6 Kiss, to critical reception. On March 25, 2010 <mask> released his debut mixtape Dior Paint. On April 3, 2010 <mask> officially signed to fellow artist Soulja Boy's label SODMG Entertainment.On May 7, 2010 <mask> released a mixtape entitled Base World Pt. 1. On July 5, 2010 <mask> released a collaboration mixtape with Soulja <mask> entitled Pretty Boy Millionaires. <mask> had recorded over 1,500 tracks as of July 2010, including hits "Like A Martian", "Wonton Soup", "Pretty Bitch", "I'm God", all of which were released for free. On September 21, 2010 <mask> released his debut studio album, Rain in England, through Weird Forest Records; it was described by  The Guardian as "a beatless, Beat poetry-style set where <mask>, voice a-quiver with earnestness, ponders love, beauty and all the bad things in the world over naïf new-age synth washes". 2010–present: Mixtapes

On December 29, 2010, it was announced and confirmed that <mask> apparently signed an album deal with Amalgam Digital. On July 10, 2011 <mask> released the EP Paint, through his label BasedWorld Records.On January 18, 2011, <mask> released his fourth digital album entitled Angels Exodus, through Amalgam Digital. On April 14, 2011, <mask> announced that his next album would be entitled I'm Gay, which caused a degree of controversy. On June 29, 2011 <mask> released his fifth digital album, I'm Gay (I'm Happy), through Amalgam Digital; the album entered the  Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart at number 56 and the Heatseekers Albums chart at number 20 for the week of July 16, 2011. On May 17, 2012, <mask> released his first instrumental album, Choices and Flowers, under the alias "The Basedgod". On September 16, 2012, <mask> released a rock single entitled "California Boy". On December 30, 2012, <mask> released his second instrumental album entitled Tears 4 God, also under the alias "The Basedgod". On December 24, 2013, <mask> released the mixtape 05 Fuck Em, which contained 101 songs.On June 1, 2014, <mask> released a mixtape entitled Hoop Life, which would be known for containing a track entitled "Fuck KD" that called out NBA player Kevin Durant. On October 14, 2014, <mask> released the Ultimate Bitch mixtape, featuring the song "No Black Person Is Ugly." On July 19, 2015, <mask> and Chance the Rapper announced that they recorded a new collaborative mixtape. <mask> was featured in Terror Jr's remix of their song "Come First" released, in 2017. On August 17, 2017, <mask> released Black Ken, describing it as his "first official mixtape." The mixtape reached number 24 on the Top Heatseekers chart and number 44 on the Independent Albums chart for the week of September 2, 2017. Artistry

<mask> and music critics refer to his rapping style as "based", a word that <mask> also uses to describe a positive, tolerant lifestyle."Based" is a reclaimed word, as described by <mask> in Complex:

On the internet, the alt-right has appropriated the term "based" as a general term of praise, as if it were "un-woke." Rapping technique

Slate columnist Jonah Weiner labeled him as one of a "growing number of weird-o emcees", calling him a "brilliantly warped, post-<mask> deconstructionist from the Bay Area". Musical critic Willy Staley described <mask>'s work as "variegated", because it ranges from critical parodies of the hip-hop genre to "half new age, half spoken word". He further notes that <mask> draws from a large variety of genres, especially those not commonly used by other rappers. In an interview with Staley, <mask> agrees with this analysis, saying, "I can do 'Swag OD' but then my favorite musical artist right now could be Antony and the Johnsons. That's the difference between me and these other rappers, and other musical artists in general." Other ventures

Author

Takin' Over by Imposing the Positive!is a book written by McCartney and published through Kele Publishing in 2009. The book is a collection of and written in the form of e-mails and text messages, and is written in such a way that the author is e-mailing the reader. Subjects include positivity, optimism, and living what he calls a "Based Lifestyle". The book was passed out in an unscripted NYU lecture in March 2012. On March 30, 2013 McCartney announced that he was in the process of writing his second book. Motivational speaker

<mask> has given motivational lectures at several colleges, including MIT and Carnegie Mellon University. They are generally focused around his personal experience in life and current events.On May 28, 2015, the rapper gave a lecture at UCLA, where he touched on subjects like money, the media, technology, space, awareness, and love. Basedmoji and vegEMOJI apps

<mask> launched the "Basedmoji" app on January 16, 2015. On January 17, 2015, <mask> released "vegEMOJI", in cooperation with vegan company "Follow Your Heart", despite the fact that <mask> is not yet a vegan, he has stated that he is cutting down on his consumption of processed foods, and that he is "ashamed of eating meat". Personal life

On January 16, 2015 <mask>'s apartment building in Contra Costa County, California, caught on fire early in the morning on Thursday after an electrical fire spread through the building. <mask> and six other people were saved by 15-year-old Mateo Ysmael, who ran through the building to wake everyone up. For the 2016 U.S. presidential election, he endorsed Vermont Senator <mask>, citing his civil rights record. Controversies and feuds

I'm Gay

When <mask> released his fifth album, titled I'm Gay, he received several death threats.Although he is heterosexual, he says the title is a message of support to the LGBT community. Referring to the original definition of gay, he says he is gay because he is happy, and subsequently changed the title to I'm Gay (I'm Happy). <mask>den

In 2010, a number of exchanges between <mask> and <mask> were had over Twitter. <mask>den had been seeming to speak mockingly about <mask>'s "Based" movement and his tweets, to which <mask> responded, initially friendly but then with insults. <mask> went on to release a diss track called "T Shirts & Buddens", which was then featured on his "Everything Based" mixtape. <mask> later apologized for his insults and noted his respect for <mask>den, calling him a "legend". The Game

In 2011, after hearing a verse from <mask> on the <mask> mixtape Sorry 4 the Wait, Compton rapper Game referred to <mask> as the "wackest rapper of all time."<mask> responded by calling Game "irrelevant," to which Game then threatened to knockout <mask>. Game targeted <mask> in his verse in his track "Martians vs Goblins" featuring <mask> and Tyler the Creator, with the line "Tie <mask> B up to a tank full of propane, swag, now watch him cook". <mask> addressed this on his track "Tank of Propaine" on his "White Flame" mixtape. Several weeks later, the two settled their differences through Twitter after which <mask> urged fans to purchase Game's The R.E.D. Album. <mask>a$$

<mask> took offense to the lyrics in the song "Survival Tactics" by late rapper Capital STEEZ, a founding member of the group Pro Era. In this, he raps, "They say hard work pays off / Well, tell the BasedGod don't quit his day job."<mask> responded with a song titled "I'm The Bada$$". <mask>a$$ then responded with a song titled "Don't Quit Your Day Job!" When the feud became public on Twitter, Joey became a target of a lot of attacks from <mask>'s fans, which ended up with Joey deleting his Twitter account, though restoring it later. In an interview with WWPR-FM, <mask> denied that he deleted his Twitter account because of <mask>'s fans. Later, in an interview with VladTV, Joey admitted the feud was created for publicity, and admitted he's a fan of <mask>'s more serious work. Kevin Durant

In 2011, NBA superstar Kevin Durant tweeted his befuddlement with <mask>'s popularity, and <mask> responded by "cursing" Durant that he would never win the NBA championship. The curse had been rescinded in 2012 but then reinstated in 2014.The feud between the two has simmered since then, resulting in <mask> releasing the diss track "Fuck KD" in 2014 and a commercial on NBA TV, where <mask> calls out Kevin Durant. <mask> has claimed the "curse of the Based God" to be responsible for Durant and his Oklahoma City Thunder team's loss to the Golden State Warriors in the Western Conference Finals of the 2016 NBA Playoffs. The Thunder had been up 3 games to 1 in a best-of-7 series, but then went on to lose the series in stunning fashion after losing the next 3 games in a row. On July 4, 2016, following the announcement of Durant leaving the Thunder for the Golden State Warriors, <mask> rescinded the curse again. James Harden

During the Western Conference Finals of the 2015 NBA Playoffs, <mask> began questioning NBA superstar James Harden's "cooking dance", a dance allegedly coined by <mask> which he had been doing all season long, and tweeted that if he doesn't receive an answer from Harden regarding that dance then Harden will receive the "Based God curse" similar to Kevin Durant. <mask> attributed the Houston Rockets loss to the Golden State Warriors with the score of 99–98 in Game 2, and again in Game 3 with the score of 115–80, to the curse. On May 24, 2015, <mask> announced on TMZ Sports that he has placed Harden under the "Based God curse" for the remainder of the playoffs and until further notice.On May 27, 2015, <mask> was present at Oracle Arena for Game 5 where the Warriors ultimately defeated the Rockets with the score of 104–90, becoming the Western Conference champions. Additionally, during this same game Harden set an NBA Playoff record with 13 turnovers, prompting <mask> to publicly consider lifting the curse. On June 4, 2017, <mask> announced on a live taping of First Take that he has lifted the curse from Harden. A Boogie wit da Hoodie and PnB Rock
At the 2017 Rolling Loud Bay Area festival, <mask> was forced to cancel his set due to an alleged altercation with <mask> wit da Hoodie backstage. Upon taking the stage to announce the cancellation of his set, he told the crowd he was attacked by "A Boogie and his whole crew" and that his equipment was also stolen, attributing the event to his criticism of New York hip hop in a recent Tweet. Footage of the altercation subsequently surfaced, and <mask> fans immediately expressed outrage on social media. Witnesses backstage also accused PnB Rock of being involved in the attack.Despite the incident, <mask> maintained a positive stance and even urged his supporters to forgive <mask> later that day on Twitter. The incident led to an immediate wave of support of <mask> from fans and other figures in the music industry. Schoolboy Q and Travis Scott, fellow performers at the festival, expressed their support for the rapper upon taking the stage for their respective sets. Other artists including <mask>, Skepta, G-Eazy, 6lack, Kreayshawn, A-Trak, Alison Wonderland, SpaceGhostPurrp, Lupe Fiasco, Kaytranada, and Mike Dean also expressed their support of the rapper on social media. Amidst the fallout of the incident, PnB Rock was pulled from the festival's lineup and replaced by Kreayshawn. <mask> and <mask> officially ended the feud two days later, through a phone call initiated by Kilo Curt of the late Mac Dre's Thizz Entertainment. Both artists took to Twitter to announce the end of the feud.Selected Discography

 Rain in England (2010)
 Angels Exodus (2011)
 I'm Gay (I'm Happy) (2011)
 Choices and Flowers (2012)
 Hoop Life (2014)
 Black Ken (2017)

References

External links

 <mask>'s mixtapes at DatPiff.com

1989 births
Activists from the San Francisco Bay Area
African-American male rappers
African-American writers
American male non-fiction writers
American Internet celebrities
American motivational writers
American motivational speakers
Living people
Musicians from Berkeley, California
Rappers from the San Francisco Bay Area
West Coast hip hop musicians
Writers from the San Francisco Bay Area
African-American record producers
American hip hop record producers
Record producers from California
Alternative hip hop musicians
21st-century American rappers
21st-century American male musicians
Outsider musicians
Twitch (service) streamers
21st-century African-American musicians
20th-century African-American people
African-American male writers

masks:
Brandon Christopher McCartney
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Boy
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil Wayne
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Bernie Sanders
Lil B
Joe Bud
Lil B
Joe Budden
Bud
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Bud
Lil B
Lil Wayne
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil Wayne
Lil
Lil B
Lil B
Joey Bad
Lil B
Lil B
Joey Bad
Lil B
Joey Badass
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
Lil B
A Boogie
Lil B
Lil B
A Boogie
Lil B
Big Sean
Lil B
A Boogie
Lil B


texts:
<mask> (born May 30, 1937) is a Cuban-American poet, diplomat and human rights activist. In 1960, he was arrested by the Cuban government for conflicting reasons; the Cuban government alleged that he had been complicit in anti-Castro terrorism, while foreign sources regarded his arrest as being due to his protesting communism, leading Amnesty International to name him a prisoner of conscience. Following his release in 1982, he wrote a book detailing his imprisonment and torture at the hands of the Cuban government, and was appointed in 1987 by U.S. President Ronald Reagan to serve as the United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. Arrest and imprisonment
<mask> is from Pinar del Rio, Cuba. By his own account, he was initially a supporter of Fidel Castro's Cuban Revolution, later becoming an employee of the Office of the Ministry of Communications for the Revolutionary Government, for which he worked at a post office. In 1960, at the age of 23, he reportedly refused to put an "I'm with Fidel" sign on his desk at work. He was subsequently given a thirty-year prison sentence.The Cuban government stated that his arrest was on charges of terrorism, and that he had previously worked for the secret police of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship. The international human rights organizations Oslo Freedom Forum, PEN International, and Amnesty International, in contrast, stated their belief that <mask> had been imprisoned solely for his anti-Castro stance, and the latter organization named him a prisoner of conscience. <mask> states that he was offered "political rehabilitation" early in his prison term, but refused. According to <mask>, this led to imprisonment in cramped "drawer cells" in which multiple prisoners were confined in a space too small to lie down, without being allowed toilet access. However, the Cuban government contested <mask>' claims. According to Castro, "Only a few hundred political prisoners were held captive" as of 1960. When <mask> was "liberated" by the French, the Cuban government provided <mask>' identification card from the Batista Police force and video that revealed how when the night arrived the "paralytic" got up from the wheelchair and performed stretching exercises to counteract the numbness caused by the wheelchair, and a healthy Valladares walking out of the prison as evidence that <mask>' claims are disingenuous.The recordings were shown to Regis Debray, when he visited Havana on behalf of François Mitterrand. The Cuban government decided in 1982 that <mask> would be released and could leave the country, on condition that he got on and off the plane at his own feet and in the sight of everyone, which he did effortlessly demonstrating his falsehood. In 1987, Reagan drafted a UN resolution accusing Cuba of human rights abuses based on <mask> claims of "140,000 political prisoners being tortured and executed in Cuban prisons and concentration camps." The Human Rights Council went to Cuba to investigate these claims, but the organization found no evidence to substantiate <mask> accusations. Writing and release
During his time in prison, <mask> went on multiple hunger strikes. The longest, a 49-day hunger strike in 1974, left him using a wheelchair several years with an attack of polyneuritis. <mask> subsequently appealed to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights of the Organization of American States, stating that he was being denied important medical care, including a functioning wheelchair.The IACHR found that Cuba had violated a number of <mask>'s rights, including the right to a fair trial, the right to protection against arbitrary arrest and the right to humane treatment during the time the individual is in custody, and the right to due process and protection from cruel, infamous, or unusual punishment. Believing that "poetry is a weapon," <mask> also began smuggling his poems out of jail, which brought him a measure of international attention. His first published collection, From My Wheelchair, detailed prison abuses and was released in 1974. After the book's publication, PEN France awarded him its Freedom Prize. In 1981, <mask>'s wife Marta – who had met and married him while he was imprisoned – traveled to Europe to meet with government officials regarding her husband's case, and in 1982, 83 U.S. Congressmen joined a call for <mask>'s release. <mask> was released that year after 22 years' imprisonment after a direct appeal by French President François Mitterrand.The Cuban government has made unconfirmed, unsubstantiated claims that <mask> was a CIA agent prior to his arrest and after his release from prison. Against All Hope and ambassadorship
After his release, <mask> resettled in the U.S. In 1986, Alfred A. Knopf released <mask>'s memoir Against All Hope, in which he detailed his prison experiences. One year later, U.S. President Ronald Reagan appointed <mask> to serve as the United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. The move was widely seen as an attempt to dramatize and draw new attention to Cuban human rights abuses. The Cuban government reacted by calling <mask> a "traitor and a fake," including stating that he had faked his paralysis while imprisoned. The U.S. State Department responded by accusing Cuba of "mounting a massive defamation campaign against <mask> <mask>" to deflect attention from its human rights record.In 1985, he signs a petition in support for the far-right paramilitary Contras (Nicaragua). <mask> served as the ambassador from 1988 to 1990. He vigorously argued for UN attention to Cuban human rights abuses during his tenure, leading Human Rights Watch to criticize him for appearing to have "little interest in pursuing other violators, particularly of the non-Communist sort," such as US allies Iraq or Guatemala. Other activities
<mask> is a member of the international advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation. Books
 Desde mi Silla de Ruedas (1976)
El Corazon Con Que Vivo (1980) - a book of poetry in Spanish
 Cavernas del Silencio (1983)
Against All Hope: A Memoir of Life in Castro's Gulag (1985) - an autobiographical work
 El Alma de un Poeta (1988)

References

1937 births
Living people
Cuban male writers
Cuban male poets
Cuban diplomats
Cuban human rights activists
Opposition to Fidel Castro

masks:
Armando Valladares Perez
Valladares
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<mask> (1605–1665) was an English Quaker controversialist. Early life
<mask> was the son of <mask>, a hatter in Northampton, where <mask> was born. After attending a local school he matriculated at Trinity College, Oxford, in 1623 and graduated B.A. in 1627. Of Puritan views, he moved to New Inn Hall, where he proceeded M.A. in 1630. Gerard Croese states that he was chaplain to a nobleman for a short time, and became a confirmed Puritan.In 1632 he was presented to the lectureship of Lydd, Kent. He was known as a powerful preacher, and became a leader among the Puritans of the district. In his 'Baby-Baptism', <mask> states that he was later given a presbyterian ordination. While at Lydd <mask> associated with some Anabaptists, attending their meetings and offering them the use of his pulpit, in which he was stopped by the churchwardens. About 1643 he returned his licence to the bishop and joined the Baptists, supporting himself by farming. He was rebaptised, and after taking an active part in the Baptist community became minister to a congregation at Ashford, Kent, by 1649, in which year he engaged in controversy on infant baptism with several ministers in the presence of over two thousand people. He also disputed with Francis Cheynell at Petworth, Sussex, in 1651, and was engaged in at least eight other disputes within three years.He wrote Tracts in defence of his principles, and Baby-Baptism meer Babism. Quaker convert
In 1654 William Coton and John Stubbs, while on a visit to Lydd, stayed at <mask>'s house, and convinced him of the truth of quakerism. Shortly afterwards he joined the Society of Friends, among whom he became a minister, probably before his meeting with George Fox at Romney in 1655. On 17 September 1656 <mask> attended the meeting of Parliament, and when Oliver Cromwell stated that to his knowledge no man in England had suffered imprisonment unjustly, he attempted a reply. He was prevented from completing his speech, which he afterwards published. He subsequently attempted to address the Members of Parliament at a fast-day service in St. Margaret's Church, Westminster. He was active in Kent, where according to Joseph Besse he was roughly handled in 1658, and in 1659 he was pulled out of a meeting at Westminster by his hair and beaten.In May 1659 he went to Dunkirk with Edward Burrough; when the authorities ordered them to leave the town, they declined, and were then directed to be moderate. After unsuccessful encounters with the monks and nuns for a few days they returned to England. During the following year <mask> and Stubbs made a journey to Rome, travelling over the Alps on foot, where they testified to several of the cardinals, and distributed copies of Quaker literature. They apparently were not molested or warned. Anthony Wood states that when <mask> returned, he was well dressed; suspected of being a Jesuit and in receipt of a pension from the Pope, he was imprisoned and he seems to have undergone some further persecution. Later life
In 1660 <mask> held a dispute with Thomas Danson at Sandwich, Kent, and later that year was in Newgate Prison. The rest of his life was mainly spent around London, where he was a successful preacher.In 1661 he was imprisoned and treated badly in the Gatehouse Prison, Westminster. In 1662 he was arrested and sent to Bridewell Prison for being present at an illegal meeting. He was again sent to Newgate for refusing to take oaths, and was detained for upwards of a year, during which time he occupied himself in writing 'The Bishop busied beside the Business.' During part of this imprisonment he was confined with other prisoners in a room so small that they were unable to lie down at the same time. Shortly after his discharge he was again arrested at Charlwood, Surrey, and committed to the White Lion Prison, Southwark, where he was confined for about two years. During the Great Plague of London he was temporarily released, and went to the house of Ann Travers, a Quaker at Dalston, near London, where he died of the plague on 31 August 1665. <mask>'s works were Quaker text-books for more than a century.William Sewel called him 'dextrous and well skilled in the ancient poets and Hebrew'; and William Penn, a close associate, praised his even temper and humility. Works
<mask> used an "alliterative popular style" which "has something of Rabelais and something of Martin Marprelate in it". <mask>'s Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor. The Rusticks Alarm to the Rabbies, or the Country correcting the University and Clergy (1660) is, according to Christopher Hill, "a remarkable work of popular Biblical criticism, based on real scholarship", in which <mask> "virtually abandoned any hope of unity of interpretation, and so of any external unity [of the church]." <mask>'s works include:

 Baby-Baptism meer Babism, or an Answer to Nobody in Five Words, to Everybody who finds himself concerned in it. (1) Anti-Diabolism, or a True Account of a Dispute at Ashford proved a True Counterfeit ; (2) Anti-Babism, or the Babish Disputings of the Priests for Baby-Baptism Disproved; (3) Anti-Rantism, or Christ'ndome Unchrist'nd; (4) Anti-Ranterism, or Christ'ndome New Christ'nd; (5) Anti-Sacerdotism the deep dotage of the D.D. Divines Discovered, or the Antichristian C.C.Clergy cleared to be that themselves which they have ever charged Christ's Clergy to be, 1653. Christianismus Redivivus, Christ'ndom both unchrist'ned and new-christ'ned, 1655. The Scorned Quaker's True and Honest Account, both why and what he should have spoken (as to the sum and substance thereof) by commission from God, but that he had not permission from Men, 1656. The Burden of the Word of the Lord, as it was declared in part, and as it lay upon me from the Lord on the 19th day of the 4th mo. 1656, to declare it more fully, 1656. Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor. The Rusticks Alarm to the Rabbies, or the Country correcting the University and Clergy, 1660.An Additional Appendix to the book entitled "Rusticus ad Academicos" 1660. Lux Christi emergens, oriens, effulgens, ac seipsam expandens per universum, 1660. One Antidote more against that provoking Sin of Swearing, 1661. Ἀπόκρυπτα ἀποκάλυπτα, Velata Quædam Revelata, 1661. Ἐπίσκοπος ἀπόσκοπος; the Bishop Busied beside the Businesse, 1662. These works, with others, were reprinted in 1679 under the title of The Testimony of Truth Exalted, folio. References

1605 births
1665 deaths
Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford
Converts to Quakerism
English chaplains
English Quakers
English religious writers
People from Northampton
17th-century deaths from plague (disease)
17th-century English Puritans
Quaker writers
Roundheads
17th-century Quakers
17th-century English writers
17th-century English male writers
People from Lydd

masks:
Samuel Fisher
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John Fisher
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is a Japanese musician and singer-songwriter from Tokyo known for writing the theme songs for several anime, movies and commercial ads. His name in kanji is . He uses katakana as his professional name. Prior to career
<mask> went to Kosei Gakuen Male High School  in Suginami, Tokyo. After graduating from Tokyo Keizai University in 1989, he worked as a "salaryman" for four years in the advertisement industry. Beginning and major debut
By 1993, at 27, he had set his mind on becoming a musician. He already had a number of lyrics written.He made his first indie single, "0101", which he released using his birth name in kanji. After 2 years struggling to have a major recording label, by age 30, he was signed up by Office Augusta. His debut single ("Hit Chart o Kakenukero") opened up a world of possibilities. His EP album Clover, released in 1997, shows his J-Pop music has jazz, funk and soul influence. His work in Office Augusta began displaying his name as スガシカオ, in katakana, which continues today. Growth to International artist
"Yozora no Mukō", the song he wrote the lyrics to, and was sung by SMAP, has appeared in several Japanese music textbooks. Both SMAP's "Yozora no Mukō" (1998) and KAT-TUN's "Real Face" (2006) either debuted at or reached quickly the top spot in the Oricon charts, and sold over 1 million units each.Several of his songs have been used in anime and live action dramas and movies adapted from manga. Honey and Clover included songs from his album "Clover", like "Hachigatsu no Serenade", "Tsuki to Knife" and "Yubikiri". The song "Manatsu no Yoru no Yume" appeared in the first Death Note live action movie as an insert song. His song "Yūdachi" was used as the closing theme for the movie Boogiepop and Others, and as the opening theme for the 2000 anime series Boogiepop Phantom. "Hajimari no Hi" was used as the first opening theme to Letter Bee, and after a year and three months, he released "Yakusoku", which would be the opening for the "Letter Bee" sequel, Letter Bee Reverse. In 2019's live action adaptation of the manga "Yotsuba ginkō Harashima Hiromi ga mono mōsu!~ Kono hito (on'na) ni kakero ~", his song "Tōi yoake" would be the first song he's written as a theme song for a TV Tokyo dorama. He also did the theme songs to the XXXHOLiC anime series from CLAMP, including its movie xxxHOLiC: Manatsu no Yoru no Yume (Sanagi ~theme from xxxHOLiC the movie~), its first TV series season (Jūkyū-sai), and from "XXXHOLiC Kei", its second season (Nobody Knows)."Sofa" was the song used in the OVA "xxxHOLiC: Shunmuki" on February 17, 2009. In February 2013, XXXHOLiC live action drama started on Wowow, and Suga's "Aitai" was used as its opening theme song. In 2015, CLAMP made the drawings for the music video for "あなたひとりだけ 幸せになることは 許されないのよ" (Anata hitori dake shiawase ni naru koto wa yurusarenai no you, also known as "Anayuru"), including in it images of characters from "XXXHOLiC", to celebrate his debut anniversary. <mask>'s 2013 album "Aitai" cover and artist photos were made by Photographer and Film Director Mika Ninagawa

His songs have also been included in non-manga movies, like Dark Water ("Aozora") and Sweet Little Lies ("Ame agari no asa ni"). Other programs, like NTV's news program News Zero ("Shunkashuutou", October 6, 2006, to December 27, 2007) have also used Sugs's songs. They have appeared as well in countless of TV ads, like those of insurance agency Sony Sompo, and some car brands and housing businesses. For Chica Umino's seinen manga series, March Comes in Like a Lion, his song "Kizashi" was used in the commercial ad for the manga, and has appeared in it, as requested by Umino herself.His name and songs have also been mentioned in other anime, series and books. In Gintama, his name has been mentioned on episode 115, and his song "Progress" has been included in a parody in the series' "Shirogane no Tamashii" arc 2nd season's episode 9. "Progress" has also been included in a parody in episode 69 of Shinkansen Henkei Robo Shinkalion The Animation. In Arashi's program "Arashi ni Shiyagare" of June 30, 2018, a parody of "Professional Shigoto no Ryuugi" was made in the section "Sakurai Sho no asakatsu", headed by member Sho Sakurai, including <mask>'s song "Progress". His name has also been included in Haruki Murakami's novel After dark, with reference to his song "Bakudan juice". In 2019, director Makoto Shinkai twitted about his admiration for <mask>, and that he "borrowed" the last name for the character Keisuke <mask> from his newest anime movie, Weathering with You. Tours at home and abroad
<mask> started appearing at concert venues in 1997 as part of a caravan of artists that either were mostly invited by radio station events, like "Akasaka Live" (TBS Radio) or "Meet the World Beat" (FM802), or were self promoted by the agency to which he belonged, like in all the "Augusta Camp" series, as part of Fukumimi, up until 2012, in which he appeared as guest, since he had retired from Office Augusta in 2011.His first live tour as a solo artist was in 1998, in the "Shikao & The Family Sugar Tour '98". "Family Sugar" was the name given to the support band he had from 1997 to 2007. From 2007 on, <mask> has had the support of other groups of musicians. One under the "Funk Fire" name, which was the name also of a concert series in larger venues. Another group (with no name) has been supporting him from 2015 on, both for his live tours as well as other events and festival concerts. He has also had tours playing the guitar by himself. Most of the concerts in this series are called "Hitori Sugar".The first one of the series was on October 22, 2006. For the 2020 Hitori Sugar Tour, <mask> posted on his official site a series of recommendations about coronavirus health-related information for people planning to go to live concerts, mainly because of the concerns of the spread of the virus throughout Asia. In 2009 he made his first trip overseas, to London. It was to be the first time he appeared before a non-Japanese audience. In September 2017 he made his official first appearance in the American Continent, participating in the Greenroom Festival in Hawaii, which he repeated the following year
In December 2017 he made his first trip within Asia, visiting Singapore on the 8th and Taiwan on the 17th, under the tour named "Suga Shikao Asia Circuit 2017". On the December 26 he ended the tour in the city of Tokyo. Other activities
<mask> is also a music producer, DJ, and radio personality.His radio stint began shortly after his debut. In 1997 he headed FM NORTHWAVE's "スガシカオのヒットチャートをかけぬけろ" (Suga Shikao no Hitto Chaato wo Kakenukero"). From October 3, 2005, until March 27, 2006, he was hosting a radio program called Night Stories Monday on J-Wave radio station, which was downloadable as a podcast. Other stations where he worked at are BayFM and FM802. He often appears as special navigator. On April 5, 2020, <mask> began a new weekly radio program on J-Wave, called "Mercedes Benz the Experience". In 2012, <mask> translated the lyrics for Hedwig and the Angry Inch, which started performances September 28, at Zepp DiverCity Tokyo, with Mirai Moriyama in the lead.In 2017 he celebrates 20 years of career with a musical festival that he has named "Sugafes", which had the participation of renowned artists like Dohatsuten, Pornografitti and Mr. Children and others. Sugafes was made in collaboration with Atsushi Shikano, from Viva la Rock Festival, as an added special. On August 12, 2017, he makes his acting debut on the WOWOW drama Plage (プラージュ (小説)) He also had a cameo in the last episode of the TV Tokyo drama "Yotsuba ginkou...", appearing as himself. Collaborations

As a songwriter for other artist
He has provided work to other artists:
 Kyoko: Ijimete Mitai (music, lyrics), Happy Birthday (music, lyrics)
 Smap: Koko ni Iru Koto (music, lyrics, arrangement), Yozora no Mukō (lyrics), Ringo Juice (lyrics)
 Chisato Moritaka: Tanpopo no Tane (music, arrangement), Mahiru no Hoshi (music)
 KAT-TUN: Real Face, Real Face #2 (lyrics), Kimi no yume  boku no yume (lyrics and music)
 Arashi: Aozora Pedal (music, lyrics)
 Kamenashi Kazuya: Ai ni Tsuite (music, lyrics)
 JUJU: Hoshizukiyo (music, lyrics)
 Sayaka Yamamoto: Melody (music, lyrics)
 Little Glee Monster: Hikaru kakera (music, lyrics)
 Akihito Okano (Pornografitti) Sono saki no hikari e (lyrics). Theme song for The Seven Deadly Sins the Movie: Cursed by Light

As member of groups and special units
He was a member of Fukumimi, a band formed by artists from the same label (Office Augusta); it consisted of Shikao Suga, Masayoshi Yamazaki, Kyoko (杏子), and later on Chitose Hajime, COIL, Araki Yuko (mi-gu), Sukima Switch and others. During his years at Office Augusta, he toured around the country with a back up band called Shikao and the Family Sugar. The members were Suga Shikao (Vocal & Rhythm Guitar, Lyrics & Composition), Mori Toshiyuki (Keyboard & Band Master, Arrangement), Numazawa Takashi (Drums), Matsubara Hideki (Bass), Mamiya Takumi (Lead Guitar), Otaki Yuko and Saito Kumi (chorus).Activities stopped in 2007 , just after the celebration of his 10th debut anniversary. In 2006 he was part of a group of singers all born in 1966. The unit was called Roots 66. And they had a special event called [ROOTS 66 DON'T TRUST OVER 40] on April 2. Ten years later, in 2016, they reunited again for an event called [ROOTS 66 -Naughty50-]. In 2017, they lent their voices for the ending theme of the second season of the anime Osomatsu san, called レッツゴー!ムッツゴー!～6色の虹～ ("Let's go! Muttsu go!~ Rokushoku no niji"). In 2006 he was involved in another group, Kokua, for which he has served as vocalist and songwriter. Their first involvement was for the theme song Progress for NHK's program プロフェッショナル_仕事の流儀 (Professional Shigoto no Ryūgi, known overseas as The Professionals). In 2016, the members reunited for their 1st official album and tour. With other singers and singer-songwriters for radio, TV, and other commercial campaigns
In 2009 he was part of the 20th anniversary celebrations of radio station FM802. He was involved in the FM802 x Docomo campaign collaboration song Oh! Radio, written by Kiyoshiro Imawano (which was to be his last), as part of the special unit called Radio Soul 20.The group consisted of musicians Mao Abe, HY, Shigeru Kishida (Quruli), <mask> <mask>, Bonnie Pink, Daisuke Yamamori (Rock'A'Trench), Sho Wada (Triceratops). The song aired April that year. In 2015 he was part of the FM802 X Tsutaya Access! spring campaign, writing the song that was to be the campaign song, 「Music Train 春の魔術師」(Music Train ~ Haru no Majutsushi). Sugar & The Radio Fire is the special unit made to sing the song, and it consists of musicians <mask> <mask>, Sakurako Ohara, Yohei Kawakami (Alexandros), Kosuke Saito (Unison Square Garden), Maguro Taniguchi (Kana-Boon), Haruna (Scandal), Tatsuya Mitsumura (Nico Touches the Walls), Ryota Yamamura (Flumpool). Song aired in March 1 to May 31 that year. In 2018, he returns as part of the FM802 x Tsutaya Access!Spring campaign as a singer, this time as part of the special unit Radio Bestsellers, with the song 「栞」(Shiori), written by Ozaki Sekaikan (CreepHyp). Radio Bestsellers is made up by musicians Aimyon, Sekaikan Ozaki (CreepHyp), Kenta Kataoka (Sumika), Gen (04 Limited Sazabys), Kosuke Saito (Unison Square Garden), <mask> Suga. In 2019 he collaborated with Takeshi Kobayashi for Tokyo Metro's "Find my Tokyo" campaign in writing the song  for its  version. He also appears in a cameo in the video for the ad. 7 . 1st week sales – 14,639 . Total sales – 17,326
 Hajimari no Hi ~ feat.Mummy-D (はじまりの日 feat. Mummy-D) (November 25, 2009)
 Ame Agari no Asa ni (雨あがりの朝に) (March 17, 2010) Digital single
 Sayonara Homerun (サヨナラホームラン) (April 28, 2010)
 Yakusoku (約束) (February 23, 2011)
 Re:you (June 27, 2012)
 Festival (October 25, 2012)
 Aitai (アイタイ) (April 10, 2013)
 Miagete goran yoru no hoshi wo ~ feat. Daniel Ho (見上げてごらん夜の星を feat. 20th Anniversary Edition (November 28, 2018)

Other songs
 Anata e (April 29, 2020, YouTube), with guest vocalists Kazutoshi Sakurai (Mr. Children) and Akihito Okano (Porno Graffitti), in acknowledgement to those working in the medical field during the coronavirus crisis

Collaboration with other artists in their albums or singles
 Physical (BRADBERRY ORCHESTRA feat. <mask> Shikao, Crystal Kay and Salyu; song single) (July 27, 2012)
 Dance dance (Yoshito Tanaka, feat. <mask> Shikao; album "The 12 Year Experiment") (February 13, 2013)
 Fireball (Fire Horns feat Suga Shikao; album "Primal Ignition") (June 4, 2014)
 AsianLover (Duran feat. <mask> Shikao; album "Face") (July 11, 2018)
 Smells (Yoshito Tanaka feat.Suga Shikao; album "Smells like 44 Spirit") (Self-promotion) (August 4, 2018)

Demos
 Demo Tracks'' (1997)

References

External links

Official sites
 Shikao Suga official website
 Shikao Suga official website  (Speedstar Records)

1966 births
Living people
Japanese male singer-songwriters
Japanese singer-songwriters
Singers from Tokyo
Kokua members

masks: Suga Suga Suga Suga Suga Suga Suga Suga Suga Suga Suga Shikao Suga Shikao Suga Shikao Suga Suga Suga


texts:
<mask> (born Ronola Rone in 1936) is an author, essayist, international museum consultant, and former senior executive at The Art Institute of Chicago and Executive Director of Urban Gateways: The Center for Arts in Education. She has been a co-chair of the Harvard University Arts Education Council and a Senior Research Associate at Harvard University's Center for the Study of World Religions, and at Claremont Graduate University School of Religion. In 2004, <mask> published Another Way Home: The Tangled Roots of Race in One Chicago Family to critical acclaim. <mask> has served on the board of directors at the American Writers Museum, the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation in Taliesin, Scottsdale, Arizona, the Rhode Island School of Design, and the Institute for the Advanced Study of Religion at the University of Chicago. She is an internationally recognized expert in arts education and multicultural education. <mask>'s husband is <mask>, a mathematician at the University of Chicago, with whom she has four daughters. Early life and education

<mask> was born on March 17, 1936 to parents John Drayton Rone Sr and Thelma (Day) Shepherd, a factory-worker and a homemaker.Her parents emigrated separately from Louisiana to Chicago during the “first wave” of the Great Migration, between 1918 and 1920. <mask> and her four siblings all attended the landmark Wendell Phillips High School and local universities. Ronne attended the University of Chicago for both her undergraduate and master's degree. While obtaining her BA in History (1955), Ronne worked with Honors preceptorial advisor Charles G. Bell. Advisors for her M.A. in Theology and Literature included Langdon Gilkey, Paul Ricoeur and Anthony Yu. She was awarded an Honorary Doctorate in Humane Letters by DePaul University in 2006.Early career
From 1974 to 1981, <mask> served as the Dean of Students and Assistant Professor of the Comparative Literature at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. During this time, <mask> developed national and international exchange study opportunities and fellowships for SAIC students. In 1981, <mask> became the Executive Director for Urban Gateways: The Center for Arts in Education, a Chicago-based, not-for-profit, arts and education organization which was at the time the largest in the country. Urban Gateways won the coveted Presidential Medal for the Arts, as well as the Governor's Award for the most outstanding arts organization in Illinois. In 1991, <mask> became the Woman's Board Endowed Executive Director of Museum Education at The Art Institute of Chicago where she was responsible for all facets of interpretation in the museum, including lectures, film, videos and services to schools and families. <mask> was instrumental in forming the Leadership Advisory Committee (1994). The LAC continues to promote and sustain diversity within the AIC, and provides counsel, new perspectives and support to the museum for the advancement and engagement of African Americans in the life of the institution.From 1999 to the present, <mask> has been an independent consultant in museum education and planning. Her clients have included: The Fetzer Institute, where she convenes an international Arts Advisory Council; The Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; Rubin Museum of Art, New York City; Museum of Biblical Art, New York City; Harvard University Center for the Study of World Religions at Harvard Divinity School; National Endowment for the Arts;  Newberry Library; as well as museums in São Paulo, London and Kyoto. Author
<mask>'s full-length memoir, Another Way Home: The Tangled Roots of Race in One Chicago Family (University of Chicago Press, 2004) was a seminal book in the literature of race in America. A biographical memoir, Another Way Home traces the story of <mask>'s mother, Day Shepherd, through her migration to the city of Chicago and her experiences as a mixed-race American. <mask> draws on her mother's recollections and genealogical research to trace her family roots from a deep-South plantation to a close-knit urban middle-class family. <mask>'s book chronicles crucial moments in African American history, from the Chicago Race Riot of 1919 and the Great Depression to the murder of Emmett Till and the dawn of the Civil Rights Movement. Named by the Chicago Tribune as one of the ten best non-fiction books of 2004, Another Way Home has met with critical acclaim, including praise from Children's Defense Fund President Marian Wright Edelman, Yale Professor Robert B. Stepto, Harvard's Sara Lawrence Lightfoot, and poet Nikki Giovanni.<mask> is currently completing a new manuscript, which traces the wide-ranging visual depictions of home by African American artists. In this work, <mask> examines images of direct experience of the American South in contrast with memories of longing for Africa as primordial homeland. Selected service on boards and committees
 American Writers Museum, Chicago, Vice Chair, Board of Directors,
 Fetzer Institute, Kalamazoo, MI,  Convener, Arts Advisory Council
 Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, Taliesin, Scottsdale, AZ
 Harvard University Graduate Division of Arts Education, Co-Chair Board of Directors
 University of Chicago Women's Board, Steering Committee
 University of Chicago, Interlocutor, International Enhancing Life Project
 Institute for the Advanced Study of Religion, University of Chicago
 Rhode Island School of Design, Honorary Life Trustee
 Gaylord and Dorothy Donnelley Foundation, Chicago
 The Chicago Network
 Columbia College Chicago
 International Sculpture Center, New York City
 National Museum of Women in the Arts, Illinois Chapter

Selected publications
 2019 - Essay in The Horn Book Magazine,v. XCV No. 4, American Library Association,  Selected publications==
 2016 - The Arts Enhance Life in Excelsis: Essay, websites of The University of Chicago Enhancing Life Project and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra
 2014 - Essay in Conference Publication, the Institute for Signifying Scriptures, Claremont, California
 2013 - Manifest Grace: Art, Presence, and Healing: Catalogue Essay in Body and Soul, Museum of Art and Design: New York City
 2012 - Visual Echoes and Evocations: Essay in Eranos Yearbook v.70. Daimon Verlag, Einsiedein, Ticino, Italy. 2010 - Foreword: Catalogue for SAIC/SSCAC exhibition, RECESSION.2007 - Architects of Culture. Interview with Tim Gilfoyle in Chicago History, the Magazine of the Chicago History Museum. Summer issue
 2006 - Laying Coping Stones in Zion: Art, the Imagination, and the Flourishing of Common Life. Essay in Criterion (University of Chicago Divinity School v.45 No. 1)
 2004 - Another Way Home: The Tangled Roots of Race in One Chicago Family. Biographical Memoir (University of Chicago Press)
 2004 - Musings on Barbarous Beauty. Fellowship conference proceedings (Harvard University Center for the Study of World Religions)
 2004 - Seeing and Silence: Sacred Encounter in Museum Exhibition.Essay in Stewards of the Sacred (American Association of Museums)
 2004 - The Encyclopedia of Chicago History (University of Chicago Press). Two entries
 2001 - Encountering Art/Different Facets of the Esthetic Experience. Miho Museum, Kyoto. Essay (Overlook Press NY)
 2001 - A Permanence of Stone and Language in America's Courtyard. Catalog essay: Perez and Milan. (Ripasa, São Paulo)
 1998 - The New Jersey State Museum, African American Fine Arts Collection Catalog, Trenton. Five essays
 1996 - The Chicago Years: Gathering Light in the Gray City.Essay in Gullah Images: The Art of Jonathan Green (University of South Carolina Press)
 1995 - The Artist in Society: Afterword. Essay in New Art Examiner, Summer
 1995 - Turning the Museum Inside Out. Essay in The Journal of Arts Education, September
 1995 - Birmingham Museum of Art, Fall Catalog. Essay for museum installation by sculptor Lorenzo Pace
 1994 - Challenging the Context: Perception, Polity and Power. Essay in Curator: The Museum Journal, v. 37 No. 1
 1993 - Teaching Theater. Keynote Speech.The Journal of the American Educational Theater Association, New York
 1988 - An Unquiet Revolution. Essay in The Journal of Arts Management, Spring
 1985 - Gifts of Power/The Writings of Rebecca Jackson. Book Review in The Journal of Religion, v. 65, No.

masks:
Ronne Hartfield
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Ronne Hartfield
Ronne
Robert Hartfield
Ronne Hartfield
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