texts:
 of productivity and Respighi eagerly completed Belfagor, his first opera in a decade, without the spells of depression that usually affected him once he had finished a work. Guastalla would exclusively write the libretto for all of Respighi's future operas, and influence the conception or programmes for some of his non-operatic compositions. In October 1921, Respighi and Elsa relocated to a flat in Palazzo Borghese in Rome which they named  (The Pines). In the following January, despite the possibility of further objections from the Liceo Musicale, they went on another tour, this time performing in Czechoslovakia. When Benito Mussolini came to power later in 1922, Respighi steered a neutral course towards the Fascist government.His growing international fame allowed the composer some level of freedom, but at the same time encouraged the regime to exploit his music for political purposes. Respighi vouched for more outspoken critics such as Toscanini, allowing them to continue to work under the regime. In 1923, Respighi became the first director of the now state-funded  in Rome. He disliked the time consuming administrative duties that the position required; in 1926, he resigned to dedicate more time to compose. Respighi continued to teach an advanced composition course at the conservatory until 1935. Respighi's second Roman tone poem, Pines of Rome, premiered in December 1924 at the Augusteo Theatre in Rome. It went on to become one of his most widely known and recorded pieces.In 1925, he collaborated with Sebastiano Arturo Luciani on an elementary textbook entitled Orpheus. International recognition, 1925–1936
By the mid-1920s, Respighi's growing worldwide fame encouraged the composer to travel extensively, conducting his own pieces, or performing as soloist for his piano compositions. He made his first visit to America in December 1925 to perform and conduct a series of concerts; his first took place at Carnegie Hall on 31 December as soloist for the premiere of his piano and orchestral work, Concerto in modo misolidio ("Concerto in the Mixolydian Mode"). In May 1927, Respighi and Elsa travelled to Brazil to engage in a concert series of his own music in Rio de Janeiro. The musical style and local customs inspired Respighi, who told the press of his intention to return in the following year with a five-part orchestral suite based on his visit. Respighi did return to Rio, in June 1928, but the composition was finalised in the form of an orchestral work in three movements entitled  ("Brazilian Impressions"). In September 1927, Respighi conducted the premiere of his  ("Botticelli Triptych"), a three-movement orchestral piece inspired by three paintings by Sandro Botticelli located in Vienna.He dedicated it to American pianist Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, the patron for the work. In November 1928, <mask> returned to America for the premiere of his piano and orchestral work,  ("Toccata for Piano and Orchestra"). It took place that month at Carnegie Hall with Willem Mengelberg conducting the New York Philharmonic Orchestra with the composer as soloist. By the year's end Respighi completed his third Roman tone poem, Roman Festivals, composed in just nine days. It premiered on 21 February 1929 at Carnegie Hall in New York City with Arturo Toscanini conducting the New York Philharmonic. The Italian premiere followed on 17 March. Having completed the work, Respighi felt that he had incorporated the "maximum of orchestral sonority and colour" from the orchestra and could no longer write such large scale pieces.It was at this time he started to favour compositions for smaller ensembles. At the end of 1929, <mask> had conductor Serge Koussevitzky forward a proposal to Sergei Rachmaninoff which involved permission to orchestrate a selection of pieces from his two Études-Tableaux (Op. 33 and Op. 39) sets for piano. An enthusiastic Rachmaninoff accepted the offer and supplied Respighi with the program descriptions behind five pieces which were previously kept secret. Koussevitzky conducted Respighi's orchestrations, entitled , for the premiere with the Boston Symphony Orchestra in November 1931. He wrote that Respighi's arrangements were "very good" and demanding of the orchestra, which required eight rehearsals.Rachmaninoff  thanked Respighi for his work and in particular, for being faithful to the original scores. Later in 1930, Respighi completed a commission piece to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. The result was Metamorphoseon, Modi XII, an orchestral piece containing a theme and eight variations. In 1932, the Fascist government honoured Respighi with membership of the Reale Accademia d'Italia, one of the highest honors awarded to the most eminent people in Italian science and culture. From 1933 until his death, Respighi completed no new compositions. Respighi's opera La fiamma ("The Flame") premiered at the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma in January 1934, with the composer as conductor. In June 1934, Respighi and Elsa made the month-long voyage to Argentina where Respighi conducted the premiere of  in the following month.This was followed by a visit to Uruguay, where several orchestral concerts were arranged for radio broadcast. Respighi's final completed work was a transcription of , a cantata by Benedetto Marcello. By May 1935, Respighi had cancelled several engagements due to ill health, including a scheduled trip to conduct a series of concerts at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles. By November, he had completed a piano draft and the majority of the orchestral arrangements of his next opera, Lucrezia. He had planned to work on a transcription of an opera by Francesco Cavalli that was to be staged alongside Lucrezia during the 1936–37 season at the La Scala in Milan, but declining health caused him to stop work. Neither work was completed in Respighi's lifetime; Elsa finished Lucrezia after Respighi's death with Respighi's former pupil Ennio Porrino, in 1937. Death and legacy

While working on his opera Lucrezia at the end of 1935, Respighi became ill with a fever and fatigue.Subsequent medical checks in January 1936 revealed samples of S. viridans bacteria in his blood, leading to the diagnosis of subacute bacterial endocarditis, a heart infection still untreatable at the time and probably brought on by his recent throat infection and oral surgery. Respighi's health deteriorated over the next four months, during which he received three blood transfusions and experimental treatment with sulphonamides imported from Germany. Elsa made a conscious effort to hide the severity of the illness to others, except for a select few. Respighi died on 18 April in Rome, aged 56, from complications of blood poisoning. Elsa and several friends were by his side. The funeral was held two days later. His body lay in state at Santa Maria del Popolo until the spring of 1937, when the remains were re-interred at the Certosa di Bologna, next to poet Giosuè Carducci.Inscribed on his tomb are his name and crosses; the dates of his birth and death are not given. Elsa survived her husband for nearly 60 years, unfailingly championing her husband's works and legacy. A few months after Respighi's death, Elsa wrote to Guastalla: "I live because I can truly still do something for him. And I shall do it, that is certain, until the day I die." However, Italian governments following Mussolini's death in 1945 distanced themselves from nationalistic composers, placing Respighi in a group among those including Malpiero, Ildebrando Pizzetti, and Pietro Mascagni and newspapers protested against honours bestowed upon Elsa. Despite this, in 1961, the twenty-fifth anniversary of Respighi's death, Elsa donated a collection of unpublished and incomplete manuscripts to the Liceo Musicale in Bologna, now the Conservatorio G. B. Martini, where Respighi had studied. In 1969, she helped establish the Fondo Ottorino Respighi, a foundation at the Fondazione Cini in Venice which included a large number of letters and photographs documenting her husband's career.Elsa was also at the forefront of the Respighi centenary celebrations in 1979 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Respighi's birth, though it was opposed by some political factions. She later said that "musical progressives with left-wing political sympathies" tried to discredit Respighi's legacy. The commemoration saw a number of long-neglected works of his performed and recorded for the first time. Elsa died in 1996, one week short of her 102nd birthday. In 1993, Swiss conductor Adriano founded the Respighi Society in London in an effort to make Respighi's "life and works [...] better known and understood by the dissemination of accurate and impartial information." It has since been dissolved. In March 2000, a commemorative plaque was unveiled on Via Guido Reni in Bologna, Respighi's birthplace.In 2006, Italian conductor and composer Salvatore Di Vittorio was approached by Respighi's great-nieces, Elsa Pizzoli Mazzacane and Gloria Pizzoli Mangini, who, along with Respighi archiver and cataloger Potito Pedarra, commissioned Di Vittorio to complete several of Respighi's incomplete and previously unpublished compositions. This included the Violin Concerto in A major from 1903, which was premiered in 2010 with Di Vittorio conducting the Chamber Orchestra of New York, which he founded in 2006. The orchestra continues to premiere ongoing new editions by Di Vittorio of Respighi's music in premieres as well as recordings on Naxos Records. In 2008, Di Vittorio completed his Overture Respighiana, an orchestral work as an homage to Respighi. Works

Opera

Re Enzo (1905)
Semirâma (1909)
Marie Victoire (completed in 1913, but not produced until 2004)
La bella dormente nel bosco (1922)
Belfagor (1923)
La campana sommersa (1927)
Maria egiziaca (1932)
La fiamma (1934)
Lucrezia (1937) opera in 1 act (completed posthumously by his wife, Elsa, and his pupil Ennio Porrino)

Ballet
La Boutique fantasque (1918), borrows tunes from the 19th-century Italian composer Rossini. Premiered in London on 5 June 1919. Sèvres de la vieille France (1920), transcription of 17th- and 18th-century French music
La Pentola magica (1920), based on popular Russian themes
Scherzo Veneziano (Le astuzie di Columbina) (1920)
Belkis, Regina di Saba (1932)

Orchestral

Preludio, corale e fuga (1901)
Aria per archi (1901)
Leggenda for Violin and Orchestra P 36 (1902)
Piano Concerto in A minor (1902)
Suite per archi (1902)
Humoreske for Violin and Orchestra P 45 (1903)
Violin Concerto in A major (1903), completed by Salvatore Di Vittorio (2009)
Fantasia Slava (1903)
Suite in E major (Sinfonia) (1903)
Serenata per piccola orchestra (1904)
Suite in Sol Maggiore (1905), for organ and strings
Ouverture Burlesca (1906)
Concerto all'antica for Violin and Orchestra (1908)
Ouverture Carnevalesca (1913)
Tre Liriche (1913), for mezzo-soprano and orchestra (Notte, Nebbie, Pioggia)
Sinfonia Drammatica (1914)
Fountains of Rome (1916)
Ancient Airs and Dances Suite No.1 (1917), based on Renaissance lute pieces by Simone Molinaro, Vincenzo Galilei (father of Galileo Galilei), and additional anonymous composers. Ballata delle Gnomidi (Dance of the Gnomes) (1920), based on a poem by Claudio Clausetti
Adagio con variazioni (1921), for Cello and Orchestra
Concerto Gregoriano for Violin and Orchestra (1921)
Ancient Airs and Dances Suite No. 2 (1923), based on pieces for lute, archlute, and viol by Fabritio Caroso, Jean-Baptiste Besard, Bernardo Gianoncelli, and an anonymous composer. It also interpolates an aria attributed to Marin Mersenne. Pines of Rome (1924)
Concerto in modo misolidio (Concerto in the Mixolydian mode) (1925)
Poema autunnale (Autumn Poem), for Violin and Orchestra (1925)
Rossiniana (1925), free transcriptions from Rossini's Quelques riens (from Péchés de vieillesse)
Vetrate di chiesa (Church Windows) (1926), four movements of which three are based on Tre Preludi sopra melodie gregoriane for piano (1919)
Trittico Botticelliano (1927), three movements inspired by Botticelli paintings in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence: La Primavera, L'Adorazione dei Magi, and La nascita di Venere. The middle movement uses the well-known tune Veni Emmanuel (O Come, O Come, Emmanuel)
Impressioni brasiliane (Brazilian Impressions) (1928)
The Birds (1928), based on Baroque pieces imitating birds. It comprises Introduzione (Bernardo Pasquini), La Colomba (Jacques de Callot), La Gallina (Jean-Philippe Rameau), L'Usignolo (anonymous English composer of the seventeenth century) and Il Cucu (Pasquini)
Toccata for Piano and Orchestra (1928)
Roman Festivals (1928)
Metamorphoseon (1930)
Ancient Airs and Dances Suite No.3 (1932), arranged for strings only and somewhat melancholy in overall mood. It is based on lute songs by Besard, a piece for baroque guitar by Ludovico Roncalli, lute pieces by Santino Garsi da Parma and additional anonymous composers. 1 in D major (1892–98)
String Quartet No. Un'idea di modernità nel Novecento'', pp. XII+246, illustrato con esempi musicali, novembre 2011, Zecchini Editore,

External links

 OttorinoRespighi.it
 Amici di Respighi
 Fondo Ottorino Respighi
 Chamber Orchestra of New York "Ottorino Respighi"
 Ottorino Respighi String Quartet in D Major (1907) Sound-bites and discussion

1879 births
1936 deaths
20th-century classical composers
20th-century Italian composers
20th-century Italian male musicians
Conservatorio Santa Cecilia faculty
Conservatorio Giovanni Battista Martini alumni
Deaths from endocarditis
Impressionist composers
Italian ballet composers
Italian classical composers
Italian male classical composers
Italian opera composers
Italian Romantic composers
Male opera composers
Members of the Royal Academy of Italy
Neoclassical composers
Musicians from Bologna
Pupils of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
19th-century Italian male

masks: Respighi Respighi


type: original

texts:
<mask> is a journalist, academic and consultant. He is one of the world’s foremost experts on match-fixing and corruption in international sports. In 2008, <mask>, as a Chevening Scholar, obtained his doctorate in Sociology at the University of Oxford. Currently, he is a senior research fellow in anti-corruption in sports at the University of Würzburg and a professor at the University of New Haven where he has opened the Centre for Sports Integrity in the Investigations Program. His book ‘The Fix: Organized Crime and Soccer’ has appeared in twenty-one languages. <mask> was the first person to show the new danger to international sport posed by the globalization of the gambling market and match-fixing at the highest levels of professional football (soccer) including the Champions League and FIFA World Cup tournaments. Part of the book details his involvement with an Asian match-fixing gang as they travelled around the world to fix major football matches.<mask> has also published a number of academic articles, is a reviewer for Global Integrity and has probed the impact of the Russian mafia on professional ice hockey. In 2011, he pioneered the first on-line anti-match-fixing education course for Sport Accord that was eventually used by Interpol. In 2013, his second book 'The Insider's Guide to Match-Fixing' was published and immediately translated to Japanese. It is a popular version of his doctoral thesis and was dubbed by its English-language publisher as 'Freakonomics meets Sports Corruption'

Personal life
<mask> is a graduate of the National Theatre School of Canada, Trinity College, Toronto and University of Oxford. In his spare time, <mask> is a keen amateur boxer and leads groups of recreational and competitive fighters to train in Havana, Cuba. On March 31, 2012, <mask> won a charity boxing match that was part of the historic Trudeau-Brazeau night – as part of Fight for the Cure in support the Ottawa Regional Cancer Foundation. In 2017, he and Trudeau fought a non-judged sparring match followed by <mask> conducting an interview of Trudeau for the Toronto Star from the center of the boxing ring.Career
<mask> acted in minor roles at the Shaw Festival and other Canadian theatres, then in India on the Doordshan television series ‘Bhaarat ek Khoj’. Because of his experiences in a Calcutta street clinic he gradually drifted away from theatre, becoming one of the founding volunteers of the Canadian chapter of Doctors without Borders (MSF) and then moved into journalism. <mask> worked for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) first as an investigative journalist at the flagship program The Fifth Estate then as an anchor for Newsworld International. His programs and articles have also appeared in The New York Times, the Toronto Star, and the BBC Radio World Service, The Guardian and the Sunday Telegraph (London), as well as various news media outlets including CNN, Le Monde, Der Spiegel, The Sydney Morning Herald, Al Jazeera, The Times, Il Manifesto, Corriere della Sera (Milan): El Pais (Madrid) Politiken (Copenhagen)

Before publishing The Fix, <mask> completed documentaries on the widespread murders of Filipino journalists, the killing of the head of the Canadian mafia, blood feuds in Kosovo, ethnic cleansing in Iraq, pagan religions in Bolivia and honour killings in Turkey. He has also given presentations about sports corruption to a number of organizations including the International Olympic Committee (IOC), committees at the European Parliament in Brussels and the UK Parliament in Westminster, the Council of Europe, the Dutch Football Association (KNVB) and the Australian and New Zealand Sports Lawyers Association. <mask> is also the winner of the 2007 Canadian Association of Journalists Award for best investigative radio documentary and is an Amnesty International Canada 2003 Media Award Winner. The Play The Game Award winner for an individual who best exemplifies the qualities of sport  and an honorary award from the Greek Sports Journalist Association for his role in revealing sports corruption.Public dispute
In September 2013, following the arrest of match-fixers in Singapore, <mask> was interviewed on BBC Radio World Service where he claimed the Singapore Police Force to have offered protection to the accused from prosecution. This was strongly disputed by the Singapore government as baseless and challenged him to come forth with any evidence to substantiate his claims. In response to <mask>'s claims, Ronald Noble, Secretary General of Interpol said that "Those who do not recognise the commitment and resources that Singapore has devoted to identifying those believed to be responsible for match-fixing cases, or those who seek publicity -- simply to criticise every positive development that occurs in fighting match-fixing should simply open their eyes and look at the facts." <mask> responded to these accusations by saying that if they had not been providing tacit protection for the nest of home-grown fixers in their midst, then the Singaporean police must be one of the most inept law-enforcement agencies in the world. For over two years, they had ignored two international arrest warrants - strangely both were from Ron Noble's Interpol (who subsequently opened a regional headquarters in Singapore) and the well-publicized criminal trial of a Singaporean match-fixer in Finland. U.S. Helsinki Commission testimony
In December 2018, <mask> testified at the bi-partisan U.S. Helsinki Commission. As part of his testimony, <mask> said that the Supreme Court’s decision to allow sports gambling in America was comparable to the repeal of Prohibition.He concluded, “I faced many similar parliamentary committees in Europe, where I warned them about a tsunami of match fixing coming to European sport. At first, they did not listen. I was the lonely Cassandra prophetess waving my arms, warning of the dangers. Now, after over 30 national police investigations, they have woken up. I believe there is a clear and present danger to U.S. sports from this globalized sports gambling market. References

External links

 New York Times Q. & A. on Match Fixing With <mask>, Author of ‘The Fix’
 How to Fix a Soccer Game

Alumni of the University of Oxford
Canadian expatriates in the United Kingdom
Canadian journalists
Trinity College (Canada) alumni
University of Toronto alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canadian Quakers
Place of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Declan Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Declan Hill


texts:
<mask> (c. 1440 – 24 April 1479) was a major Castilian poet, whose main work, the Coplas por la muerte de su padre (Verses on the death of <mask>, his Father), is still read today. He was a supporter of the queen Isabel I of Castile, and actively participated on her side in the civil war that broke out against her half-brother, Enrique IV, when the latter attempted to make his daughter, Juana, crown princess. <mask> died in 1479 during an attempt to take the castle of Garcimuñoz, defended by the Marquis of Villena (a staunch enemy of Isabel), after Isabel gained the crown. Manrique was a great-nephew of Iñigo López de Mendoza (marquis of Santillana), a descendant of Pero López de Ayala, chancellor of Castile, and a nephew of <mask>, corregidor of Toledo, all important poets of the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. He was, therefore, a member of a noble family of great literary consequence. The topic of his work was the tempus fugit

The Minor Lyrics
<mask> wrote love lyrics in the courtly-love tradition and two satires. These called canciones (songs), esparsas (short poems, generally of a single stanza), preguntas y respuestas (questions and answers), and glosas de mote (literally, "interpretations of refrains"; see villancico).The first edition of the Cancionero general of Hernando del Castillo (1511) has the most complete selection of <mask>'s poems, but some of the lyrics appear in other early editions and manuscripts. Coplas por la Muerte de su Padre

Coplas por la Muerte de su Padre (English: "Stanzas about the Death of his Father") is <mask>'s best composition. In fact, Lope de Vega pronounced it in humbled admiration to its superior craftmanship, "worthy to be printed in letters of gold". It is a funeral eulogy dedicated to the memory of <mask> (his father), who died on 11 November 1476 in Ocaña. <mask> thought that his father led a life worth living. He makes a reference to three lives: the terrestrial life that ends in death
 the life of the fame, that lasts longer (Kleos Greek)
 the eternal life after death, that has no end. Stanzas 1-24 talk about an excessive devotion to earthly life from a general point of view, but features some of the most memorable metaphors in the poem.Among other things, life is compared to a road filled with dangers and opportunities and to a river that ends in the sea:

I

Recuerde el alma dormida
avive el seso e despierte
contemplando
cómo se pasa la vida,
cómo se viene la muerte
tan callando;
cuán presto se va el placer,
cómo, después de acordado,
da dolor;
cómo, a nuestro parecer,
cualquiera tiempo pasado
fue mejor. O let the soul her slumbers break,
Let thought be quickened, and awake;
Awake to see
How soon this life is past and gone,
And death comes softly stealing on,
How silently! Swiftly our pleasures glide away,
Our hearts recall the distant day
the pain
The moments that are speeding fast
We heed not, but the past,—the past,
More highly prize. III

Nuestras vidas son los ríos
que van a dar en la mar,
que es el morir. Allí van los señoríos
derechos a se acabar
e consumir. allí los ríos caudales,
allí los otros medianos
e más chicos,
allegados, son iguales
los que viven por sus manos
e los ricos. Our lives are rivers, gliding free
To that unfathomed, boundless sea,
The silent grave!Thither all earthly pomp and boast
Roll, to be swallowed up and lost
In one dark wave. Thither the mighty torrents stray,
Thither the brook pursues its way,
And tinkling rill,
There all are equal; side by side
The poor man and the son of pride
Lie calm and still. The section invokes general examples of human waywardness that one may encounter along the road leading to heaven or hell, but then gives some examples of infamous deaths drawn from contemporary Spanish history. These examples are introduced by the rhetorical questions called ubi sunt (Where are they?) in stanzas 15-24:
XVI

¿Qué se hizo el rey don Joan? Los infantes d'Aragón
¿qué se hizieron? ¿Qué fue de tanto galán,
qué de tanta invinción
como truxeron?¿Que fueron sino devaneos,
qué fueron sino verduras
de las eras,
las justas e los torneos,
paramentos, bordaduras
e çimeras? Where is the King, Don Juan? Where
Each royal prince and noble heir
of Aragon? Where are the courtly gallantries? The deeds of love and high emprise,
In battle done? Tourney and joust, that charmed the eye,
And scarf, and gorgeous panoply,
And nodding plume,
What were they but a pageant scene? What but the garlands, gay and green,
That deck the tomb?The last part of the poem is devoted to his father and talks about the life of fame and the possibility of continuing to live in the memories of the living, when one is great and has accomplished great deeds while living (stanzas 25-32). The poem ends with a small dramatic dialogue in which don Rodrigo confronts a personified Death, who deferentially takes his soul to Heaven (stanzas 33-39). A final stanza (40) gives consolation to the family. The language Manrique uses is precise, exact, without decoration or difficult metaphors. It appears to focus on the content of what is said and not on how it is said. The poem has forty stanzas, each composed of twelve eight- and four-syllable lines that rhyme ABc ABc DEf DEf. Every third line is a quebrado (half line).The verse form is now known as the copla manriqueña (Manriquean stanza), because his poem was so widely read and glossed that he popularized the meter. Its alternation of long and short lines, and their punctuation, made the verses flexible enough to sound somber or light and quick. Coplas por la muerte de su padre has been translated at least twice, once by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. The translations of stanzas I, III, and XVI provided above are by Longfellow. However, the Longfellow translation has been criticized as not being faithful to the original. Longfellow's translation is considerably more florid than the original. For example, the famous lines "Nuestras vidas son los ríos/ que van a dar en la mar,/ que es el morir," which reads in Longfellow as "Our lives are rivers, gliding free/ To that unfathomed, boundless sea,/ The silent grave!"literally translates as "Our lives are rivers/ That will lead to the sea/ Which is death." References
Domínguez, Frank A. Love and Remembrance: The Poetry of <mask>. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1989. Domínguez, Frank A. "<mask>que" in Castilian Writers, 1400-1500 Vol. 286.Detroit: Gale, c2004. (The article can be accessed as well in electronic format through the database Literature Resource Center at Gale in participating libraries.) Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth. Coplas de Don Jorge Manrique. Boston: Allen & Ticknor, 1833. Marino, Nancy. <mask>'s Coplas por la muerte de su padre: A History of the Poem and Its Reception.(Colección Támesis, A/298.) Woodbridge, UK: Tamesis, 2011
Serrano de Haro, Antonio. Personalidad y destino de Jorge Manrique. Madrid: Editorial Gredos, 1966. Salinas, Pedro. Tradición y originalidad Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana 1947
Brenan, Gerald. The Literature of the Spanish people, Cambridge, 1951.External links

1440s births
1479 deaths
People from the Province of Palencia
15th-century Spanish poets
Castilians
House of Lara

masks:
Jorge Manrique
Don Rodrigo Manrique
Jorge
Gómez Manrique
Jorge Manrique
Manrique
Jorge Manrique
Rodrigo Manrique
Jorge
Jorge Manrique
Jorge Manri
Jorge Manrique


texts:
<mask> (1715–1795), known as <mask>, was a rabbinic and kabbalistic scholar, who wrote in Yiddish. She was the author of Tkhinne imohes (Supplication of the Matriarchs). She lived in Bolechów, Poland. Life
Horowitz was the daughter of <mask> (1680–1755) and Reyzel bat Heshl. Her father was a member of the famed kloiz of Brody. Horowitz was one of some seven children. Three of her brothers were rabbis, of whom the most eminent was Isaac (known as "Itsikl Hamburger", 1715–1767), rabbi of Hamburg, Altona, and Wandsbek.There was also a sister, named Pessil. There is some doubt about the identity of another brother and sister. As the sister of eminent brothers, <mask> disproves the old canard that the only educated women in her time were the daughters of learned rabbis who had no sons. <mask>'s early life was spent in Bolechów, in Polish Galicia (now Bolekhiv, Ukraine), where her father was the rabbi. When he became rabbi of Brody in 1735, his son Mordecai succeeded him as rabbi of Bolechów. <mask> remained in Bolechów, continuing to live as a young married woman in the home of her brother. Her husband at this time was Aryeh Leib, son of the rabbi of Dobromyl, Ukraine; later she was married to Shabbetai ben Benjamin ha-Cohen Rappoport, rabbi of Krasny, Russia.It is unknown whether she had any children. Scholarly work
Even as a young, <mask> was renowned for her exceptional learning. In an era when many women did not learn to read, and those who did rarely learned more than the rudiments of Hebrew, <mask> studied the Talmud with commentaries and also read some kabbalistic works. The memoirist Ber of Bolechów reports that when he was a boy of twelve, <mask> helped him prepare for his Talmud lesson with her brother, the rabbi Mordecai. "She would begin to recite the words of Talmud or Rashi by heart, in clear language, explaining it well as it was written there, and I learned from her words. And when the rabbi awoke from his sleep, I knew how to explain the passage in the Talmud to him properly." In the same passage, Ber refers to her as "the learned and famous Mistress <mask>, of blessed memory".Other authors also knew of her reputation for learning. The anonymous work Sefer Ozar Sihot Hakhamim describes her as "a great scholar, well-versed in the Talmud" and recounts her Talmudic discussion with another learned lady, Dinah, the wife of Saul Halevi (chief rabbi of The Hague from 1748 to 1785). Although very few Eastern European Jewish women before the nineteenth century have left writings, <mask> was the author of the Tkhinne of the Matriarchs, an eight-page, trilingual prayer for the Sabbath before the New Moon. (As is often the case, the place and date of publication are not mentioned in most of the printed editions.) The work contains a Hebrew introduction, a piyyut (a liturgical poem) in Aramaic, and a Yiddish prose paraphrase of the poem. This text, which has historical importance as one of the few extant works written by an eighteenth-century Eastern European Jewish woman, testifies that its author was far more learned than the norm. (Another work, Tkhinne Moyde Ani, has been erroneously attributed to her.)<mask> was passionately concerned with the religious place and role of Jewish women and she was keenly aware of her own anomalous status as a learned woman. She addressed these issues explicitly in the Hebrew introduction to her tkhinne, and by implication in the Aramaic piyyut and the Yiddish paraphrase. <mask> was concerned to establish the legitimacy of her own involvement in "Torah study", that is, in Talmudic and halakhic discussion. Furthermore, this is perhaps the only pre-modern text in which an Ashkenazic woman discusses the significance of women's prayer, the proper way for women to pray and the circumstances under which women should and should not submit to their husbands' authority. However, <mask>'s arguments were largely lost to her contemporaries. After the first few editions, the Hebrew introduction and the Aramaic piyyut were no longer printed, leaving only the Yiddish portion of the text. Presumably, most women could not read Hebrew or Aramaic, while most men were not interested in reading a tkhinne by a woman, even if a portion of it was in the Holy Tongue.Nonetheless, in her Hebrew introduction <mask> argues that women's prayer has the power to bring the messianic redemption if women learn to pray "properly". She states further that because women's prayer can bring the redemption, women should pray in synagogue every day, morning and evening, and she laments the fact that this is not the practice in her day. <mask> has a kabbalistic understanding of prayer: true prayer is not for human needs, but for the reunification of the sundered sephirot (divine attributes) of Tiferet and Shekhinah. Because most women have little knowledge of mystical literature and concepts, <mask>'s purpose in writing this text is to teach women without specialized knowledge how to pray properly, that is, for the sake of the redemption of the Shekhinah from her exile, with weeping. Following kabbalistic sources, <mask> attributes great power to tears. Elaborating on what was already a focus of women's piety, the blessing of the new moon in synagogues, she provides a framework that she believed could bring redemption. In the Yiddish portion of her text (accessible to her female readers), <mask> laments the bitterness of the exile and names the New Moon as a time of favor.The protection of each of the four biblical matriarchs is invoked. The central model she presents is the midrashic trope of the children of Israel going into exile, weeping at Rachel's grave. Rachel, a common symbol for the Shekhinah, then entreats the Holy Blessed One (Tiferet), with tears, to redeem the Israelites from their exile. He is so moved by her plea that He agrees to bring the redemption. <mask> suggests that women in her day should follow the example of the children of Israel, and of "our faithful Mother Rachel". Together with <mask>'s images of the other matriarchs, her Yiddish tkhinne, like her introduction, combines an appreciation of women's traditional roles with an assertion that women have far more spiritual power than is usually recognized. References

Sources
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0009_0_09238.html
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/653224/Yiddish-literature

1715 births
1795 deaths
Yiddish-language writers
Kabbalists
18th-century Polish Jews
Jewish women writers

masks:
Sarah Rebecca Rachel Leah Horowitz
Leah Horowitz
Jacob Yokl ben Meir Ha Levi Horowitz
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah
Horowitz
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah Horowitz
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah
Leah


texts:
<mask> (born 21 January 1959) is a Scottish professional football manager and former player. Born in Glasgow, McLeish played as a central defender for Aberdeen during their 1980s glory years, making nearly 500 League appearances for the club, and won 77 caps for Scotland. <mask> started his managerial career with spells at Motherwell and Hibernian, before guiding Rangers to two championships and five cup wins in five years. <mask> spent ten months as manager of the Scotland national team which narrowly failed to qualify for the finals of the 2008 UEFA European championship. He then resigned this post in November 2007 to become manager of Birmingham City, who were in the Premier League at the time. Though Birmingham were relegated at the end of the season, <mask> guided them back to the Premier League in 2009. Birmingham then won the 2011 Football League Cup Final, but were relegated again from the Premier League at the end of the 2010–11 season.Following this relegation he resigned his post at Birmingham to become manager at their city rivals, Aston Villa. This made him the first manager to move directly from Birmingham City to Aston Villa, and only the second manager after Ron Saunders to manage both clubs. Having only narrowly avoided relegation in the 2011–12 Premier League season, his contract was terminated by Villa at the end of his first season. <mask> was appointed manager of Championship club Nottingham Forest in December 2012, but left after 40 days by mutual consent. He managed Belgian Pro League club Genk in the 2014–15 season, and Zamalek of the Egyptian Premier League in 2016. He then had a second stint as Scotland national team manager. In recognition of his distinguished service to Scottish sport, in 2008 <mask> was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Aberdeen.Early years
<mask> was born in Duke Street Hospital, Glasgow to parents <mask>, a shipyard worker, and Jean. He has younger siblings Angela and Ian. After living in the Parkhead and Kinning Park districts of the city, the family moved to Barrhead, Renfrewshire soon after McLeish had reached school age. He attended Springhill Primary, Barrhead High School – where he was one year below future Aberdeen and Scotland teammate Peter Weir – and John Neilson High School in Paisley. As a juvenile he played for Barrhead Youth Club, alongside Weir, and Glasgow United as well as training for a short period with Hamilton Accies. After a local cup final with Glasgow United in 1976 which was watched by a delegation from Aberdeen, including then manager Ally MacLeod, McLeish signed for the Pittodrie club the following day. Playing career

Club
McLeish spent the majority of his first two seasons at Aberdeen in the reserves and also had a loan spell at local Junior side Lewis United.He made his competitive debut under Billy McNeill in a New Year fixture against Dundee United on 2 January 1978. His first major final appearance was under the management of <mask> as a substitute in a 2–1 defeat to Rangers in the 1978–79 League Cup and most of his appearances during the 1970s were as a midfielder, with Willie Garner and Doug Rougvie preferred in defence. However <mask> eventually made the centre-back position his own, and over the next seven seasons he enjoyed great success, winning eight domestic and two European trophies. Highlights included scoring in a 4–1 victory over Rangers in the 1982 Scottish Cup Final on his 200th Dons appearance, and a vital goal against Bayern Munich during the campaign leading to the European Cup Winners' Cup win over Real Madrid in 1983. During this period, McLeish formed a formidable defensive triumvirate with Willie Miller and Jim Leighton for both club and country. Even after he had won his first Scotland cap, <mask>'s father asked then Aberdeen boss <mask> to persuade him to continue training as an accountant. When Ferguson left in 1986 to go to Manchester United, he tried to get McLeish to sign, but it did not work out; he also had talks with Tottenham Hotspur.A testimonial match was arranged for <mask> in December 1988, with the club's 'Gothenburg' (Cup Winners' Cup) squad taking on an 'International legends' team. He won the Scottish player of the year in 1990, after a season in which Aberdeen won both domestic cups. He became captain of Aberdeen after the retirement of Willie Miller. His 692 competitive appearances for the club ranks as the second-most in its history (100 behind Miller, but almost 100 more than Bobby Clark). International
<mask> is Scotland's third most capped player, having gained 77 international caps between 1980 and 1993. He was first capped for the Scotland under-21 team while still a reserve player at Aberdeen by his former club manager Ally MacLeod, eventually gaining six caps at that level. His full international debut came on 26 March 1980 against Portugal, manager Jock Stein playing him in midfield alongside Archie Gemmill and Graeme Souness.He played in three World Cups with Scotland, in 1982, 1986 and 1990. He is a member of the Scottish Football Hall of Fame, the Scotland national football team roll of honour and Scottish Television's fan poll Scotland's Greatest Team. On the occasion of his 50th cap, against Luxembourg in 1987, McLeish was appointed team captain for the game. His final cap came on 17 February 1993 in a 3–0 win over Malta at Hampden Park during the 1994 World Cup qualifiers. Management career

Motherwell
After his successful playing career he quickly went into football management with Motherwell in 1994, one year before he retired as a player. His first season at Motherwell saw him take the Lanarkshire club to second in the Premier Division behind Walter Smith's Rangers. However, he failed to build on this success and the next two seasons were spent in relegation battles.He resigned as manager to take over at Hibernian in 1998. Hibernian
McLeish took over a struggling Hibernian side, which was relegated from the Scottish Premier Division in 1998 despite a slight upturn in fortunes under McLeish. He then guided the Edinburgh team back to the Scottish Premier League at the first attempt by winning the First Division championship. Hibernian consolidated in their first season back in the top division, finishing mid-table and reaching the Scottish Cup semi-final. In the 2000–01 season, Hibs started very strongly. Eventually they had to settle for third place and a Scottish Cup final appearance. This performance attracted the attention of bigger clubs, including West Ham United and Rangers.McLeish attracted players such as Russell Latapy and former French international Franck Sauzée to Hibs. He also helped develop young striker Kenny Miller, who would later go on to play for Scotland. During this period McLeish worked towards and was awarded a UEFA Pro Licence. Rangers
His work at Hibs was noticed, and he was linked with several moves to England, before he was appointed as Rangers manager in December 2001 after outgoing Rangers manager Dick Advocaat recommended McLeish to chairman David Murray. McLeish was an instant success at Rangers, winning both the Scottish Cup and Scottish League Cup in his first season, but the big prize of the league title was essentially lost before his arrival. His second season saw him go one better when he won the domestic treble, with the help of players such as Ronald de Boer and Barry Ferguson. Rangers' worsening financial state saw many of his top players leave in the summer of 2003.Celtic won the league comfortably in season 2003–04, and Rangers failed to win any trophies. <mask> was consequently put under pressure from fans after his poor signings and a record run of seven consecutive Old Firm derby losses to Celtic. The high-profile Bosman signings of Jean-Alain Boumsong and Dado Pršo in the close season of 2004–05 gave Rangers renewed hope of regaining the title from Celtic's grasp. <mask>'s team won the 2005 league title on a dramatic last day, an outcome that had looked highly unlikely after Rangers fell five points behind leaders Celtic with just four games remaining. After this unexpected success, <mask> and his Rangers team headed into the 2005–06 SPL campaign as favourites to retain the championship. McLeish made a number of signings, including Julien Rodriguez and Ian Murray, despite having little money to spend. After a reasonable start to the season, including a win over Celtic, Rangers suffered a series of poor results between September and November.This period included a club record of 10 games without a win. However the tenth match of this run, a 1–1 draw with Inter Milan in the Champions League, took Rangers into the knockout stages of the tournament for the first time. Despite the poor domestic form, <mask> guided Rangers to the last 16 of the Champions League, where they were defeated on the away goals rule by Villarreal. They became the first Scottish team to progress this far in the European Cup since 1993, and the first Scottish team to progress through a European group stage. In December, chairman David Murray publicly announced his support for McLeish. Rangers then went on a good run of results in December and January. This run of good results came to a sudden halt when they were defeated 3–0 by Hibernian in the Scottish Cup, prompting protests outside Ibrox against both <mask> and David Murray.On 9 February 2006, it was announced by chairman David Murray that <mask> would be standing down as manager at the end of that season. It was later announced that he would be succeeded by former Olympique Lyonnais manager Paul Le Guen. Rangers beat Hearts 2–0 at Ibrox Stadium in his final match as manager. Scotland national team

<mask> said after leaving Rangers that he would not manage another Scottish club, because he felt that he had achieved everything in the Scottish game. He was linked in the media with a number of managerial positions in England while he worked as a television pundit for the BBC and Setanta Sports. <mask> took charge of the Scotland national team on 29 January 2007. His assistants in the job were Roy Aitken and Andy Watson.<mask>'s first game in charge of the national team was a UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying match, a 2–1 victory against Georgia on 24 March 2007 at Hampden Park. His second game was an away fixture against Italy on 28 March 2007 which ended in a 2–0 defeat. <mask>'s Scotland side then went on to defeat the Faroe Islands away in June, Lithuania at home in September before recording a historic victory in Paris four days later by defeating France 1–0 in the Parc des Princes. James McFadden's 64th-minute strike from 30 yards was enough to earn Scotland the win and returned them to the top of Group B with three games to play. This result has been hailed as one of the Scotland national team's greatest victories. Scotland's next success was at home to Ukraine, winning 3–1 at Hampden on 13 October. <mask> suffered his second defeat as manager, away in Georgia on 17 October.This result left Scotland facing a decider against the World Champions, Italy. Scotland lost the game 2–1, <mask>'s last, and Italy qualified for the finals. Birmingham City
Premier League club Birmingham City's approach to the SFA for permission to speak to McLeish about their managerial vacancy was refused,
but on his return on 27 November 2007 from attending the draw for 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification in South Africa, he resigned his post as manager of Scotland and was announced as Birmingham's new manager the following day. His assistants with Scotland, Roy Aitken and Andy Watson, were to accompany him. McLeish said he wanted to return to working with players on a daily basis and had "always harboured a desire" to manage in the Premier League. He enjoyed a positive managerial debut with Birmingham, winning 3–2 away to Tottenham Hotspur. In the January 2008 transfer window, McLeish strengthened Birmingham's squad, buying David Murphy and James McFadden and signing Argentina under-20 international Mauro Zárate on loan, while generating funds by allowing fringe players to leave.He was unable to save Birmingham from relegation, despite the team recording an impressive 4–1 victory over Blackburn Rovers on the last day of the season. McLeish changed the club's backroom staff and training procedures, appointed David Watson as goalkeeping coach, and overhauled the scouting setup, bringing in Paul Montgomery – the scout who recommended a relatively unknown Didier Drogba to West Ham United – to oversee player recruitment. On the final day of the 2008–09 season, McLeish secured Birmingham's return to the top flight of English football at the first attempt with a 2–1 away victory over Reading. By mid-January 2010, he had guided them to a 12-game unbeaten run, a club record in the top division, set a Premier League record by selecting the same starting eleven for nine consecutive games, and been named Premier League Manager of the Month for December 2009, the first Birmingham manager to receive the award. By the end of the season <mask> had led Birmingham to ninth place, their highest finish for more than 50 years. Following Birmingham's success during the 2009–10 season, McLeish agreed a new three-year deal with the club in September 2010. In February 2011, McLeish led Birmingham to victory in the League Cup, defeating favourites Arsenal 2–1 in the final at Wembley in what he described as "relatively speaking, ... [his] greatest achievement".However, a poor run of form followed the League Cup win, and Birmingham were relegated to the Championship on the last day of the 2010–11 season. The directors confirmed that <mask> would keep his job, and would be expected to return the club to the Premier League at the first opportunity. <mask> however opted to quit Birmingham City on 12 June 2011 by email. Aston Villa
On 17 June 2011, Aston Villa appointed <mask> as manager, just five days after leaving their local rivals Birmingham City. There was much controversy surrounding his appointment as Birmingham City claimed <mask> was still under contract and filed a complaint against Aston Villa to the Premier League while Villa claimed McLeish was a free agent. Aston Villa fans protested outside Villa Park and anti-McLeish graffiti had to be removed from outside Villa's training ground. McLeish made out of favour Manchester City goalkeeper Shay Given his first signing, and then recruited winger Charles N'Zogbia.<mask>'s first competitive game as Villa manager ended in a 0–0 draw with Fulham at Craven Cottage. He gained his first Premier League win as manager of Villa in a 3–1 win over Blackburn Rovers. Following victory over Blackburn, Villa drew their next four Premier League games until winning against Wigan 2–0. Aston Villa finally ended their unbeaten start with a 4–1 defeat away at Manchester City. <mask>'s side secured a surprise win over Chelsea just before signing LA Galaxy striker Robbie Keane on loan. Keane helped to secure Villa a crucial win against rivals Wolves in a 3–2 victory. <mask> led the 2011–12 Villa team to 16th place in the Premier League, avoiding relegation by two points, and set an unwanted club record of only four home wins.<mask>'s contract was terminated on 14 May, the day after the season ended. The reasons cited for his termination were the poor results and style of play used throughout his term as manager. Nottingham Forest
<mask> was appointed manager of Football League Championship club Nottingham Forest on 27 December 2012. His first game in charge was on 29 December 2012, a 2–2 draw against Crystal Palace at the City Ground, with Billy Sharp scoring an injury-time equaliser for Nottingham Forest. <mask> earned his first win as Nottingham Forest manager on 12 January 2013, a 2–1 victory against Peterborough at home. <mask> took charge of his only East Midlands derby against Derby County on 19 January 2013, drawing 1–1 at Pride Park. On 2 February 2013, after a 2–1 defeat to former club Birmingham City on his first return to St Andrew's, he refused to commit his future to Nottingham Forest and claimed he was unhappy.This came after the Nottingham Forest board pulled out of a deal to sign George Boyd on the final day of the January transfer window. On 5 February 2013, he left the club by mutual consent. Genk
<mask> stated in November 2013 that he would like to re-enter football management in some capacity, in England, Scotland or abroad. In August 2014, he was appointed manager of Belgian club Genk. <mask> made his managerial debut on 30 August, in which Genk drew Oostende 1–1 away. It was reported in March 2015 that <mask> would leave Genk at the end of the 2014–15 Belgian Pro League season, as the club had failed to qualify for the Championship play-offs, although they did reach Europa League play-offs. Zamalek
<mask> was appointed manager of Egyptian Premier League club Zamalek on 28 February 2016.After a series of poor performances from the team, he was sacked on 2 May with ten matches of the season remaining. Scotland national team (second spell)
<mask> was reappointed Scotland manager on 16 February 2018, on a two-year contract. Scotland won their 2018–19 UEFA Nations League group under McLeish, but he was sacked on 18 April 2019 following a 3–0 defeat by Kazakhstan. Outside of football
McLeish had a cameo appearance in the Laurel and Hardy biopic Stan & Ollie, after a chance meeting with director and Aberdeen FC fan Jon S. Baird on a flight. In the film, McLeish can be briefly seen reading a newspaper in the lobby of the Savoy Hotel behind Steve Coogan. During the 2014 Scottish independence referendum McLeish was a supporter of the Better Together campaign against Scottish independence. players
Association football central defenders
Aston Villa F.C.managers
Belgian First Division A managers
Birmingham City F.C. managers
Egyptian Premier League managers
English Football League managers
Expatriate football managers in Belgium
Expatriate football managers in Egypt
Hibernian F.C. managers
K.R.C. Genk managers
Lewis United F.C. players
Living people
Motherwell F.C. managers
Motherwell F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C.managers
People from Barrhead
Premier League managers
Rangers F.C. managers
Scotland B international footballers
Scotland international footballers
Scotland national football team managers
Scotland under-21 international footballers
Scottish expatriate football managers
Scottish Football Hall of Fame inductees
Scottish Football League managers
Scottish Football League players
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
Scottish Premier League managers
Footballers from Glasgow
Zamalek SC managers
Sportspeople from East Renfrewshire

masks:
Alexander McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
Alex
Alex Ferguson
McLeish
McLeish
Alex Ferguson
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish
McLeish


texts:
<mask>, also known as <mask> (born 24 March 1949) is a Tunisian philosopher, art historian, art critic, and art curator. She is a full Professor of Philosophy at Tunis University, specialized in Aesthetics. Biography and career
<mask> graduated from the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne in 1971. Her thesis was titled, Aesthetics and Politics at the Renaissance, and was directed by . In 1983 she obtained her PhD from University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne. In 2001, she obtained a Habilitation in Philosophy from Paris 8 University, under the direction of . Since 2010, <mask> is full Professor of Philosophy at Tunis University.She is the founder and president of the Tunisian Association of Aesthetics and Poetics (ATEP), the vice president of the International Association of Poetics (SIP), member of the executive board of the Euro-Mediterranean association for Art History and Aesthetics (AEPHAE), and delegate in the executive board of International Association for Aesthetics (IAA). <mask> is also an art critic and a curator specialized in North African Art. In 1994, she has co-produced a series of 24 documentaries about the Tunisian painters in their workplace. She also has been the curator of numerous international art exhibitions in Europe and Africa. She has also been advising visual art foundations and nominating Artists for various international Awards. Currently she is acting as advisor for a Kamel Lazaar Foundation and nominator for Prix Pictet 2013 and for Prince Claus Awards 2013. She has organized numerous international meetings on the contemporaneous problems of the creation in Arts, and has published books and articles on the subject.She is also a member of editorial boards of “Recherches poïétiques” and “Art’in”. During the Tunisian revolution 2011, <mask> <mask>, as a president of the Tunisian Association of Aesthetics and Poetics initiated an appeal for the democratization of culture, for the support of free and independent art criticism, and for the encouragement  of young artists and cultural NGOs. Bibliography

Authored
 L'image: Ce que l'on voit, ce que l'on crée  (The Image: What is seen, what is created), Larousse, Paris, 2008. L'esthétique du temps pictural  (The aesthetics of the pictorial time), Tunis, 2001. Paintings in Hasdrubal, Tunis 2002  (translated into French, Arabic and German). Les femmes peintres en Tunisie  (Women painters in Tunisia) CREDIF Tunis 2001. L'esthétique et la question du sens  (Aesthetic and sense), Arcantères, Paris, 2000

 Esthétique et politique à la Renaissance  (Aesthetic and political in Renaissance), Publications de l'Université de Tunis, Tunis 1986.Edited
 Poïètique artistique et citoyenneté , Wassiti Edition, Tunis, 2012
 Le contemporain des arts , Wassiti Edition, Tunis, 2011
 Orient Occident, Les arts dans le prisme exogène  (Orient/Occident), Wassiti Edition, Tunis, 2008. Poïétique de l’existence, Stratégie des arts contemporains  (Contenporain art strategy), Beit elHekma, Tunis, 2008. Philosopher en Tunisie aujourd'hui  (Doing philosophy in Tunisia today) Revue Rue Descartes n°61, Paris 2008. Quelle pensée dans la pratique des arts? (Thinking Arts), ATEP, Tunis, 2007. Poïètique de l'existence, Stratégies contemporaines des arts , SONUMED Edition, Tunis, 2006
 Espaces et mémoires  (Spaces and Memory), Maghreb Edition, Tunis, 2005. Creation, hasard et necessité (Creation, luck and necessity), Tunis, 2003.Arts and transcréation  (Arts et transcréation), Wassiti, Tunis, 2001. Critique et création  (Criticism and creation), CPU, Tunis, 2000. Création et culture  (Creation and culture), Arcantères Paris, 1994. Patrimoine et création  (Patrimony and creation), Edilis, Lyon, 1992. Filmography
 In 1994 <mask> <mask> has co-produced a series of 24 documentaries for the national Tunisian TV (RTT). Each documentary explores a Tunisian painter's work. It contains interviews of the painter, scenes of the creation process, and critics of art works.Exhibitions
 2013: Curator for the Land Art event "De Colline en Colline, 24h pour l’art contemporain" (From hill to hill, 24h for the Contemporary Art), Sidi Bou Saïd / Takrouna / Chénini, Tunisia, Mars 2013. 2011: Curator for the exhibition "Photographies contemporaines en Tunisie" (Contemporary photography in Tunisia), National Centre of Living Art, Tunisia, octobre 2011. 2010: Curator for North Africa for Dak'Art 2010, The 9th Biennale of Contemporary African Art. Dakar, Senegal. 2010: Curator for Contemporary Art exhibition La Part Du Corps, Tunis City Museum
 2009: Curator for Contemporary Art exhibition Proximity, Tunis City Museum. 2008: Co-curators for Bienal Pontevedra of Contemporary Arts, Spain (Artists: Nadia Kaabi, Halim Karabibène, Nicène Kossentini, Mouna Karray, Mouna Jmal and Sana Tamzini). 2007: Curator for North Africa, at National Museum of Mali, Bamako, Contact Zone (Artists: Hassen  Echair, Dalal Tangour, Ammar Bouras).2006: Curator for Poïétique de l’existence, Hammamet, (Tunisia) (Artists: Abderrazek Sahli, Taïeb Ben Hadj Ahmed, Nicéne Kossentini, Amel Bouslama). 2004: Co-curator for Paysages croisés, Centre Culturel Arabe, Paris (Artists: Faten Chouba, Eliane Chiron, Jean Le Gac, Fadoua Dagdoug). 2002: Organisation of monographic exhibition for the artist René Passeron, Eros et le tragique, In images (1946 – 2002) in Galerie Hasdrubal, Hammamet, Tunisia
 2000: Co-curator for Lumières tunisiennes Hôtel de ville, Paris (Artists: Aly Ben Salem, Najib Belkhodja, Ridha Bettaëb). 1999: Co-curator for D’ici et de là-bas : miroir tunisien at Espace Alizés, Brussels, (Artists: Mohamed Trigui, Samira Lourini, Nja Mahdaoui, Faouzia Hichri, Adel Magdiche). 1998: Organisation of exhibition L’effet Olivier at Moulin Mahjoub, Tébourba Tunisia: (Artists: Nja Mahdaoui, Abderrazak Sahli, Chadli Elloumi, Ridha Bettaïb, Aïcha Ibrahim). 1994: Organisation of monographic exhibition for the artist Dhia Azzawi, porte-folio Aboul Kacem Al Chabbi, Galerie La Kasbah, Sfax Tunisia
 1991: Organisation of exhibition Patrimoines at Academia of Art  Beit al Hikma, Carthage (Tunisia) (Khaled Ben Slimane, Nja Mahdaoui, Faouzia Hichri, Abderrazek Sahli). References

External links
 Official website

Further reading
  University of Ferrara
 European culture congress Wroclav ,Poland, 2011
 L'image ce que l'on voit, ce que l'on crée, Rachida Triki, Larousse 2008
 Doing philosophy in Tunisia today, Rachida Triki, Revue - Horizons Rue Descartes n°61, Paris 2008.Rachida Triki talk at the North African and Middle Eastern Curatorial Symposium MOMA New York 2007
 Rachida Triki Q&A at the North African and Middle Eastern Curatorial Symposium MOMA New York 2007
 Transkulturalität und Kreation: Die bildenden Künste im Maghreb
 La poïétique comme science et commme philosophie de la création: actes du Premier Colloque international de poïétique, Editions Poïésis, 1991
 International Association for Aesthetics Newsletter No. 28 – Spring 2005
 ARTbibliographies Modern v. 19, no. 2 - 1988
 Souveraineté et sujet créateur Revue ARCHES Tome 8 2005
 ARTANK Quels lieux pour les arts, aujourd’hui? ARTANK L’art et le virtuel dans notre espace comme utopie de réenchantement
 Alwifaqonline interview with Rachida Triki
 International Association for Aesthetics
 Transculturalité et création : le cas des arts plastiques au Maghreb by Rachida <mask>. International Congress of Aesthetics 2007 <<Aesthetics Bridging Cultures>>
 Paysages croisés. La part du corps
 Le régime postcolonial des arts et les usages de la modernité by Rachida <mask>. Unha mutabilidade creadora, Bienal de Pontevedra 2008, Sen Fronteiras, España
 A creative mutability, Pontevedra Art Biennial 2008, Without borders, Spain

1949 births
African art curators
Living people
Philosophers of art
Pantheon-Sorbonne University alumni
Tunis University faculty
Tunisian philosophers
Tunisian women philosophers
20th-century philosophers
21st-century Tunisian philosophers
Art historians
Women art historians
20th-century women writers
21st-century women writers
University of Paris alumni

masks:
Rachida Triki
Rachida Boubaker Triki
Triki
Triki
Triki
Rachida
Triki
Rachida
Triki
Triki
Triki


texts:
<mask> (born July 16, 1934) is a former politician who was the 38th Treasurer of the United States. She served from September 26, 1983 to July 1, 1989 under Presidents Ronald Reagan and then George H. W. Bush. <mask> also has the distinction of being the first female bank president in the state of California. Early life
<mask> was born in Tularosa, New Mexico to <mask> and <mask>. She was one of nine children. Her family had originally come to New Mexico when the area still comprised a territory. Ortega's paternal grandfather arrived from Texas in the 1880s while on her mother's side, her great-grandfather Luciano had been one of the original settlers of Tularosa in 1862.Ortega's father, a former Justice of the Peace in nearby Bent, opened a blacksmith shop in Tularosa in 1928. By the 1940s, he owned a small restaurant with a dance hall attached in which the entire family worked. Ortega began to work in the restaurant at age 10, operating the cash register. Originally, Ortega grew up speaking only Spanish. She later learned English when she entered the local elementary school. As a teenager, Ortega worked as a teller at Otero County State Bank in order to earn enough money for college. She attended Eastern New Mexico University and graduated with honors in 1957 with a bachelor's degree in Business and Economics.Initially wanting to become a teacher, Ortega was dismayed by repeated instances of discrimination and, instead, opened a small accounting firm in Alamogordo with one of her sisters, a certified public accountant. The family had already relocated to that town when her father moved the growing restaurant business there in the 1940s and opened a furniture store. Banking career
In 1968, Ortega moved to Los Angeles where she became a CPA and joined the firm of Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Company as a tax supervisor. She also worked as a cashier at Pan American National Bank, a financial institution founded in 1963 by Romana Acosta Bañuelos. Ortega became vice president of the bank in 1971 the same year that Bañuelos was sworn-in as U.S. Treasurer. Finally, in 1975, <mask> became president of Santa Ana State Bank, the first woman chief executive of a bank in the state. Ortega returned to New Mexico in 1977 in order to help run the family accounting firm.Under her stewardship, the company grew into the Otero Savings and Loan Association and, by 1983, had assets of $20 million. During this time, Ortega garnered numerous academic and business accolades for her efforts. Political appointments
<mask> was involved in Republican Party politics from an early age. "I was born a Republican," she has been quoted on several occasions. She often credited her father, a lifelong Republican, with her decision to join the Party. Ortega worked for Republicans at local and state levels initially as a type of low-key liaison to women and Hispanic groups in New Mexico. After her return to her home state, she became involved in the 1978 re-election campaign of Sen. <mask>i.In time, the senator became something of a political benefactor. In April 1982, <mask> was named to a 10-person Presidential Advisory Committee on Small and Minority Business Ownership by President Ronald Reagan. In December, she was appointed one of five members and chair of the Copyright Royal Commission, a federal agency established in 1976 to set royalty fees for the cable television and music entertainment industries. In 1983, Sen. <mask>, by that time chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, put forth <mask>'s name for the post of U.S. Treasurer. She was officially nominated by President Reagan on September 12 of that year. U.S. Treasurer
<mask> was sworn in on October 3, 1983 (however, she is listed by the Treasury Department as having begun her term on September 26). She was the tenth consecutive woman and the second-ever Hispanic to hold the office.At her swearing-in ceremony, three previous U.S. Treasurers attended: Francine Irving Neff, Bañuelos, and her immediate predecessor, Bay Buchanan. While Treasurer, Ortega oversaw a $220 million budget, raised $40 million toward the restoration of the Statue of Liberty, and helped to design a new currency to aid in preventing counterfeiting. She also spearheaded the effort to have the West Point Bullion Depository designated as an official United States Mint. Although soft-spoken in personal conversation, Ortega became known for her rhetorical speaking skills in public. "Her low-key authenticity works magic with an audience," one Treasury Department official is quoted as saying. In 1984, she was chosen to be the keynote speaker at that year's Republican National Convention- the first Hispanic woman to deliver the lead speech at a national convention. This was done in part to counter the selection of prominent New York governor Mario Cuomo at the Democratic National Convention.As the highest-ranking Hispanic (until the appointment of Lauro Cavazos as Secretary of Education in 1988) and one of only a few high-profile women in the Administration combined with the largely ceremonial nature of the Treasurer's office, <mask> was one of the key personnel utilized by the White House in outreach to both the Hispanic community and women's organizations. In 1984 alone, she logged almost 60,000 miles in appearances before Republican and Hispanic groups. In 1986, <mask> conducted a study that rejected the idea of changing the colors of $50 and $100 denomination bills in order to frustrate counterfeiters and drug lords with large amounts of such type of cash. This idea would later be partially incorporated into U.S. currency during subsequent administrations. After Reagan left office, <mask> was retained by the George H. W. Bush administration and reappointed to her post on January 20, 1989. She retired from the office in July and returned to her family firm in New Mexico. Post-Treasurer years
While Ortega returned to the private sector and business activities, she still maintained a low profile in political circles.In 1990, she was appointed by President Bush to serve as an Alternate Representative to the United Nations General Assembly for the duration of his administration. She also worked in an advisory capacity for the National Park Service and the non-profit organization, Executive Women in Government. <mask> served on the Boards of a number of large corporations: Ralston-Purina, Rayonier, Ultramar Diamond Shamrock, and, since 1992, Kroger. She has also continued her efforts on behalf of women in business while working at Catalyst, a business and research advisory firm. Ortega has received honorary degrees from Kean University, Villanova University, and her alma mater, Eastern New Mexico. Sicpa investigation
<mask>'s years as Treasurer came partially under scrutiny in 1992 when Sen. John Glenn, then chairman of the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, investigated irregularities in the competitive bidding process used by the Treasury Department. Sen. Glenn's committee questioned the relationship between Robert J. Leuver, then director of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and Maurice Amon, president of Sicpa Industries of America – the sole provider of the ink used for U.S. currency since 1982.In particular, Sen. Glenn was concerned over gifts and other gratuities received by Leuver from Amon's company. One focus of the investigation was a business trip taken to the Far East by several government and business officials, including <mask>, Leuver, and Amon, in 1985. Ortega was not implicated in any wrongdoing and Leuver was also exonerated from any impropriety during the course of the investigation. The Department of Justice declined to investigate the matter due to insufficient evidence supporting the claims. In 2002, Ortega's achievements from humble beginnings were recognized by the Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans when she received the organization's Horatio Alger Award. Family life
Ortega has cited her family upbringing as her chief inspiration in life:

I am the product of a heritage that teaches strong family devotion, a commitment to earning a livelihood by hard work, patience, determination and . She has often singled out her father in particular, saying that "[he] taught me we were as good as anybody else, that we could accomplish anything we wanted ..."

Ortega was married briefly when she returned to New Mexico in the late 1970s.In interviews, she has declined to elaborate on that part of her life, insisting only that she be referred to as "Mrs. Ortega". In 1989, she married Lloyd J<mask>, a former general counsel with Merrill Lynch and currently a board member with World Cell, a wireless communications consulting firm. She has no children. Notes

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1934 births
American politicians of Mexican descent
Eastern New Mexico University alumni
Hispanic and Latino American women in politics
Living people
New Mexico Republicans
People from Tularosa, New Mexico
Reagan administration personnel
Treasurers of the United States
Hispanic and Latino American people in New Mexico politics

masks:
Katherine Dávalos Ortega
Ortega
Ortega
Donaciano Ortega
Catarina Dávalos
Ortega
Ortega
Pete Domenic
Ortega
Domenici
Ortega
Ortega
Ortega
Ortega
Ortega
Ortega
Ortega
Ortega
. Derrickson


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<mask> (born May 16, 1992) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger for the Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously played for the Carolina Hurricanes for eight seasons, and was an alternate captain of the Hurricanes from 2016 to 2018. Selected seventh overall by the Hurricanes in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft, <mask> was the youngest player in the NHL during the  season and is the youngest player ever to play in the NHL All-Star Game, as well as any All-Star game within the four major North American sports leagues. He won the Calder Memorial Trophy for best rookie in the 2010–11 season, becoming the first Hurricanes player to do so. Early life
<mask> was born on May 16, 1992, to lawyers <mask> and Elisabeth Campin. He has five siblings, each of whom either are or have been involved with hockey. He is the second-youngest among those siblings, four of which are sisters: Jennifer, Andrea, Erica, and the youngest of the <mask> family, Jillian.Andrea formerly served as captain of the Cornell University women's hockey team and was named to Hockey Canada's board of directors in 2020. He also has one brother, Benjamin, who was in the Kitchener Rangers system, but now plays for the Herforder EV in Germany. Playing career
Involved in both ice hockey and figure skating growing up, he won a bronze medal in the juvenile division at the 2004 Canadian Junior National Figure Skating Championships. Soon after, he made the decision to focus solely on hockey. <mask> played minor ice hockey with the Toronto Jr. Canadians and Toronto Young Nationals of the Greater Toronto Hockey League and the Markham Waxers of the Ontario Minor Hockey Association. In his midget hockey career <mask> played on the wing with future Colorado Avalanche captain Gabriel Landeskog. He played in the 2005 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with Markham.Junior

Coming off a successful season with the Toronto Young Nationals, <mask> was drafted 20th overall in the 2008 Ontario Hockey League (OHL) draft by the Kitchener Rangers. He made his OHL debut on September 18, 2008, where he recorded two goals and an assist in the 4–2 win over the Plymouth Whalers. By November 13, 2008, <mask> was selected to compete with Team Canada at the 2009 World U-17 Hockey Challenge, where he helped the team win a gold medal by scoring the game-winning goal. A few days later, <mask> was presented with the Rangers Academic Player of the Month Award for his academic success while attending Eastwood Collegiate. After leading the Rangers in scoring through his rookie campaign, <mask> participated in the 2009 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament, scoring 6 goals for 6 points, while winning the gold medal with Team Canada. Upon his return to the Ontario Hockey League for his sophomore season, he was named an Assistant Captain alongside Mike Mascioli. During the season, <mask> scored 50 goals and led all CHL draft-eligible forwards in goal scoring.He became the first Ranger in 23 years to reach the 50-goal milestone. However, despite leading the league in goals at the time, the NHL Central Scouting Bureau ranked <mask> as the 47th best North American skater during their midterm rankings, and only 34th during the final rankings. This contrasted ratings from other organizations such as ISS and TSN's Bob McKenzie who had him much higher. Professional

Carolina Hurricanes
In his first year of eligibility, <mask> was drafted in the first round, seventh overall, by the Carolina Hurricanes in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. At the time of his selection, the Hurricanes’ director of amateur scouting stated ”There’s nobody in the draft that scores goals like <mask>." During his first NHL training camp, he signed a three-year, entry-level contract with the Hurricanes on September 21, 2010, worth $2.7 million. On October 7, <mask> made his NHL debut with the opening roster in the Hurricanes' 4–3 win against the Minnesota Wild during the NHL Premiere Series in Helsinki, Finland.In 16 minutes of ice time, he had two shots. The following day, <mask> recorded his first career NHL point with an assist on Tuomo Ruutu's goal. He also scored the game winning shootout goal to become the third-youngest player in NHL history to score a shootout goal. On October 20, <mask> scored his first NHL career goal against Jonathan Bernier of the Los Angeles Kings in his fifth game of the season. Midway through his rookie campaign, <mask> was named to the 2011 All-Star Game roster as an injury replacement for Sidney Crosby, making him the first member of the 2010 draft class to be named to the All-Star Game, and the first 18-year-old NHL All-Star since Steve Yzerman. He was chosen by fellow Hurricane Eric Staal, captain of Team Staal. He was later named January 2011's NHL Rookie of the Month.At the NHL Awards ceremony on June 22, 2011, in Las Vegas, Nevada, <mask> was awarded the Calder Memorial Trophy as the NHL's top rookie, beating-out fellow rookies Logan Couture of the San Jose Sharks and Michael Grabner of the New York Islanders. At that time, he was the NHL's youngest player as well as the first Hurricanes player to ever win the Calder. After his successful rookie campaign, <mask> was named to Team Canada's National Team to compete at the 2011 IIHF World Championship, becoming the youngest player in the tournament. However, he returned to the Hurricanes lineup for his sophomore season without a medal after Canada placed fifth. <mask> began the season strong, recording 12 goals and 12 assists in 30 games to lead the team in scoring, yet it would be cut short due to a hit by Andy Sutton. The hit which occurred during a game against the Edmonton Oilers on December 7, 2011, caused <mask> to miss time due to a concussion. He eventually returned to the Hurricanes lineup after missing 16 games on January 5, 2012.As <mask> slowly accumulated to playing again, he was suspended two games for kicking Scott Nichol of the St. Louis Blues on March 15, 2012. During the offseason, and the final year of his Entry Level Contract, <mask> and the Hurricanes agreed to a six-year contract extension worth $34.4 million which would keep him under contract until the 2018–19 season. His third season in the NHL was once again plagued with injuries as on February 14, 2013, <mask> was diagnosed with an upper-body injury, later deemed a concussion, after a game in Toronto. To begin the 2013–14 season, <mask> recorded nine points in nine games to lead the team. On December 4, 2013 <mask> earned his first career hat trick against the Nashville Predators. However, his high scoring play ended during the 2014–15 season when he sustained a concussion on a hit from Washington Capitals defenceman Matt Niskanen. He accumulated only 31 points that season and had an eight game long pointless streak.On December 11, 2015, <mask> recorded his second hat trick against the Anaheim Ducks in a 5-1 victory. Three games later, on December 15, 2015, he scored another hat trick, this time against the Philadelphia Flyers. <mask> was named alternate captain of the Hurricanes for the 2016–17 and the 2017–18 seasons. Buffalo Sabres
On August 2, 2018, after eight seasons with the Hurricanes, <mask> was traded to the Buffalo Sabres in exchange for Cliff Pu, a second-round selection in the 2019 NHL Entry Draft, a third-Round pick in the 2020 NHL Entry Draft, and a sixth-round pick the same draft. In November 2018, <mask> became the second player in Sabres' history to score 20 goals before December, and the seventh player to score at least 20 goals in less than 27 games. On April 6, <mask> scored twice in the season finale against the Detroit Red Wings, upping his total to 40 goals scored on the season, the first time in his career that he has reached that mark. On June 7, 2019, <mask> re-signed with the Sabres on an eight-year, $72 million contract extension with an annual average of $9 million.He has since struggled, scoring just 21 goals and 37 points in 102 games since re signing. Personal life
During his tenure with the Hurricanes, <mask> launched the '53's Difference Makers' Program, aimed to recognize local teachers at home games. Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Buffalo Sabres players
Calder Trophy winners
Canadian expatriate ice hockey people
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Carolina Hurricanes draft picks
Carolina Hurricanes players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Kitchener Rangers players
National Hockey League All-Stars
National Hockey League first round draft picks
Sportspeople from Markham, Ontario

masks:
Jeffrey Scott Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Andrew Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Jeff Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner
Skinner


texts:
<mask> (; born 25 March 1953) is a Croatian sociologist and politician who served as First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign and European Affairs in the centre-left cabinet of Zoran Milanović. She was Croatia's second female Foreign Minister taking the office after Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović. She is known as outspoken liberal and an advocate of European integration, anti-fascism, gender equality and LGBT rights. After becoming involved in politics in the early 1990s, <mask> served five consecutive terms as MP, having been elected to the Croatian Parliament in the 2000, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2015 and 2016 parliamentary elections. She also ran in the 2009–10 presidential election, coming in fifth out of twelve candidates. During her 2008–2011 parliament term she chaired the parliamentary committee for tracking the progress of Croatia's accession negotiations with the European Union. She also held the post of Vice-President of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (ELDR).Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born on 25 March 1953 in Zagreb to jurist and university professor Eugen <mask> and Višnja (née Anđelinović) <mask>, a professor of English language. She graduated from II Gymnasium in 1971, after which she enrolled in Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences from which she graduated with a degree in sociology and philosophy in 1976. In 1984, she obtained a doctorate in sociology at the same faculty (PhD Thesis: "The Role of Collective Decision-making in the Realization of Workers' Interests"). Professional career
After graduation, <mask> worked from 1975 to 1979 as a member of the International Research Group doing research on industrial democracy in twelve European countries. From 1976 to 1978 she was a researcher at the Institute of Sociology at the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia. Since 1978 she has been working at the Sociology Department of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences and teaching courses in the Theory of Industrial Democracy and the Sociology of Politics. In 1978, <mask> was one of seven women who initiated the first feminist organization in SFR Yugoslavia Žena i društvo (Woman and society) and was widely criticized by the authorities at the time.From 1992 to 1994, she served as Head of the Department of Sociology of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. Since 2010 she is still formally affiliated with the University of Zagreb, but not teaching due to her active involvement in the politics. <mask> lectured at the University of Chicago, Cornell University, American University, The New School, International Forum for Democratic Studies, Foreign Service Institute, Georgetown University, Wilson Center, and MIT Sloan School of Management. Political career
<mask> <mask> was one of the 28 founding members of the liberal Croatian People's Party (HNS-LD) in 1990, after participating in the Coalition of People's Accord. She left party politics in 1992, but rejoined the same party in 1997 and was later its president between 2000 and 2008, and again since 2013. She first entered the Croatian Parliament in the 2000 parliamentary election, and has been reelected in 2003, 2007, 2011, and 2015. In 1992 <mask> was the co-founder and director of the Erasmus Guild, a nongovernmental, nonpartisan think-tank for the culture of democracy, and the publisher and editor of the journal Erasmus, focusing specifically on different issues of transition in Croatia, countries of former Yugoslavia and Eastern Europe.Erasmus Guild ceased operations in 1998. In 2005 and 2008, she was made Chairwoman of the National Committee for EU negotiations, the body that oversees accession negotiations and is composed of members of parliament as well as representatives of the President, the academic community, employers, and union representatives. In 2006 and 2008 she was elected vice-president of ELDR. In the Croatian presidential election, 2009–2010, <mask> was the HNS-LD candidate. She won 7.25% in the first round, placing fifth out of twelve candidates, and was thus eliminated from the second round. After Kukuriku coalition won the 2011 parliamentary elections, <mask> served as Minister of Foreign and European Affairs in the center-left Cabinet of Zoran Milanović. After Radimir Čačić was expelled from the Croatian People's Party on 23 March 2013 because of his attempts to destabilize the party, <mask> become party president once again.<mask> was reelected to the Parliament on 2015 parliamentary elections and served as a Deputy Speaker of the Croatian Parliament between 3 February 2016 and 14 October 2016. She was reelected to the Parliament at the 2016 extraordinary parliamentary elections. After HNS decided to enter coalition with conservative Croatian Democratic Union party, <mask> left HNS and with three other MPs was co-founder of the new social-liberal and centre-left party: the Civic Liberal Alliance. She continued to be an MP until the 2020 parliamentary election, when she chose to retire from politics instead of opting to run for re-election. UN Secretary-General candidature

On 3 September 2015 the Croatian Government decided to nominate <mask> as the official Croatian candidate for the 2016 UN Secretary-General selection. Her nomination was officially submitted on 14 January 2016. The UN's role in the Haiti cholera outbreak has been widely discussed and criticized.There has been indisputable evidence that the UN is the proximate cause for bringing cholera to Haiti. Peacekeepers sent to Haiti from Nepal were carrying asymptomatic cholera and they did not treat their waste properly before dumping it into Haiti's water stream. When asked if Haitian cholera victims should be compensated, Ms. Pusic initially indicated that they should be, but then said the question should be studied further by expert panels; "it has been studied for years, and the United Nations has claimed immunity from prosecution." Another issue that has been brought up is the sexual exploitation and abuse by UN peacekeepers. This gross problem was brought to light after Anders Kompass exposed the sexual assault of children by peacekeepers in the Central African Republic. She was asked about her stance on peacekeepers' accountability during the UN Secretary General informal dialogues. Palestine, the United Kingdom, and the United States all asked about how she would tackle the issue of sexual abuse by peacekeepers.<mask> repeatedly referred to the three reports that have addressed peacekeeping SEA, citing that she would follow and implement much of the same principles. For one, she stated that peacekeepers who have committed atrocities against their people should not be allowed to serve as peacekeepers within a certain number of years. She also emphasized a strong command structure and a faster reporting and processing of cases. <mask> participated in the UN debate that was held on 12 July 2016. On the question of the Hungarian ambassador to the UN concerning which way of leadership is needed by the UN and the world, <mask> replied that standards have dropped in the past 20 years, stating that "phrases and lack of accountability are currently very popular. I believe that we do not want leadership that is based on platitudes and speaking only what people want to hear. ", adding that today's leaders need vision, persistence and courage.She stated that she wanted to be Secretary-General because the UN topics of peace, human rights and development have taken center stage throughout her life. When commenting on the UN's International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), she stated that the court wasn't perfect, but that it would have been much worse without it, adding that it sent an important message; "If you commit a war crime, you will be caught." <mask> expressed her concern about the wave of cynicism in current national and international politics. In addition, she stated that being a female candidate was important, and noted that the UN had been dominated for 50 years by men. After receiving 11 'discourage' votes on a first informal closed-door straw poll of the 15-member UN Security Council that was held on 21 July 2016, <mask> decided on 4 August 2016 to withdraw from the race and focus on the 2016 extraordinary parliamentary elections. Activism
<mask> <mask> is very popular in the Croatian LGBT community. In 2011, Zagreb Pride attenders awarded her with the "gay friendly person of the decade".She has been regular attendant at Zagreb LGBT pride. Her brother Zoran is a civil rights and peace activist, serving as President of the Civic Committee for Human Rights, and chairman of the Anti-Fascist League of the Republic of Croatia since 21 March 2015. Private life
<mask> is married to a Lithuanian-American entrepreneur Jurgis Oniunas with whom she has a daughter Daina who is a film director. She speaks Croatian, English, and German fluently. In 2017 French President François Hollande awarded <mask> with the highest order of France, Legion of Honour for "advocating European goals and contributing to the co-operation between France and Croatia." During the awarding ceremony held on 17 January 2018 in the residency of the French Ambassador in Zagreb, French ambassador to Croatia Philippe Meunier stated: "You knew how to convey the European values and the tolerance we share, our shared values - your condemnation of hate speech, your interest in cooperating with minorities, your concern for the value of cultural and ethnic diversity in Croatia, and your humane speech about accepting refugees." Bibliography
 Democracies and Dictatorships, Durieux, Zagreb 1998
 The Leaders and the Managers, Novi Liber, Zagreb 1992
 Industrial Democracy and Civil Society, Sociološko društvo Hrvatske, Zagreb 1986.Industrial Democracy in Europe, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1981 (co-author)
 European Industrial Relations, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1981 (co-author)

References

External links

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1953 births
Living people
Politicians from Zagreb
Candidates for President of Croatia
Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats politicians
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb alumni
Female foreign ministers
Foreign ministers of Croatia
Representatives in the modern Croatian Parliament
University of Zagreb faculty
Women government ministers of Croatia
Croatian women diplomats
21st-century Croatian women politicians

masks:
Vesna Pusić
Pusić
Vesna
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Vesna
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić
Vesna
Pusić
Pusić
Pusić


texts:
<mask> (born 9 January 1967) is an Irish Independent politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Kerry constituency since 2016, and previously from 2011 to 2016 for the Kerry South constituency. He previously served as Chair of the Committee on European Union Affairs from 2016 to 2020. Prior to entering national politics, he was involved in local politics in County Kerry and pursued business interests. Family life
He is the youngest son of Jackie Healy-Rae, who was a TD for Kerry South from 1997 to 2011, and a brother of Danny Healy-Rae who is also a TD. His mother, Julie Healy, was born in Wilmington, Delaware, U.S., but grew up in New York City, New York. He has 5 children, two of whom were found guilty and convicted of assault charges in 2019. His son, Jackie junior, was elected as a councillor for Castleisland LEA at the 2019 Kerry County Council election.Local politics
Healy-Rae is a former member of Kerry County Council, and was first elected to the Council at the 1999 local elections, representing the Killorglin local electoral area. He retained his seat with an increased vote at the 2004 local elections. Reality television
In autumn 2007, <mask>-Rae took part in a reality television show on RTÉ called Celebrities Go Wild, set in the "unforgiving landscapes" of Connemara, County Galway. He emerged as the winner, having received the largest number of votes from the "viewing public". In June 2011, news broke of a voting scandal, for which journalist Senan Molony received the award for "Scoop of the Year" at the National Newspapers of Ireland's Journalism Awards. It was revealed that Healy-Rae had received 3,636 votes, from a phone in Leinster House, at a cost of €2,600 to the Irish taxpayer, the premium-rate calls being charged on a tariff designed to raise money for charity. Only limited information was available as to how the calls were made.Speculation that an automated dialler had been employed was discounted by the Irish Independent, which suggested they were made over 31 hours using "redial". The Ceann Comhairle Seán Barrett, described it as "an outrageous abuse of facilities", while the Taoiseach Enda Kenny, said the money spent on the calls should be paid back. On 29 June 2011, Healy-Rae said that while he was not involved in the calls, he would pay the money back. In October 2017, Healy-Rae appeared on Livin' with Lucy. National politics
Healy-Rae was elected for the Kerry South constituency at the 2011 general election, when his father Jackie retired from national politics. He, like fellow Independents <mask> and Noel Grealish, were not members of the Technical group in the 31st Dáil. He missed two-thirds of votes in his first Dáil term, despite being signed in for his expenses on each day a vote was taken.Healy-Rae was appointed to the board of the Citizens' Information Board in April 2009. He was asked twice to resign his position from the board because of a conflict of interest between his subsequent membership of the Dáil and his membership of a body advising the Minister for Social Protection. After he refused to resign, the Minister dismissed him in July 2011. On 9 December 2011, having earlier participated in a debate on social welfare, he took ill at Leinster House and was advised to leave the Dáil chamber. Health minister James Reilly, a medical doctor, tended to him outside the chamber, he was brought from Leinster House on a stretcher, placed in an ambulance and rushed to St. James's Hospital. His political platform includes opposition to tighter controls on drinking and driving. His father and brother have also expressed similar views on such legislation.In January 2012, Healy-Rae proposed changing Ireland's number plate system so that the supposedly unlucky number 13 would be dropped for the year 2013 to save the Irish car industry. Healy-Rae has raised The Hum in Dáil Éireann after witnessing it himself while meeting some of his constituents who were "nearly gone out of their minds" with it. The official response he received, was described by Healy-Rae as "away with the fairies gobbledygook." He topped the poll in Kerry at the 2016 general election; his brother Danny was elected alongside him. This was the first time that two siblings from the same constituency were elected to the Dáil. A short while later, on the evening of 20 March 2016, <mask>-Rae experienced being unintentionally "tossed around by a cow" who was after calving in a shed at his farm near Kilgarvan. He was taken to hospital with his injuries.At the general election in February 2020, he topped the poll again, and was re-elected on the first count. Property Development
In February 2018, <mask>-Rae listed 11 properties for letting or rental and two either being renovated or awaiting planning permission in the register of TDs’ interests. In March 2020, it was reported that he had added three properties to his portfolio in the 2019 Register of TD's interests, bringing the number of properties to 21. The three new properties include a house in Clonkeen for which purchase was going through contract stage, a house in Tralee at the same stage and a property in Kilgarvan that is in the process of being renovated. In May 2020, he was refused planning permission to convert the ground floor of Nancy Myles Pub in the Ballymullen area of Tralee. The plan was for four apartments and had met with strong local opposition. The council's decision was appealed by a number of locals and a conservation organisation.The majority of the decision to refuse was based on the grounds that the proposal would not allow the residents enough natural light or amenity standards. It was the second time the appeals board has overturned a decision by Kerry County Council to grant him a change of use for the pub. In February 2021 the Register of Members Interests was published, covering 2020, revealing that he remained the largest landlord in the Dáil, with 5 plots of land, 16 properties. A quarter of TDs are landlords or property investors. Other interests
He has also listed in the register of TDs interests that he is a postmaster, farmer, plant hire business operator and shop owner. His plant-hire business has worked for the Health Service Executive and he has a contract for providing fuel to Kerry County Council. In May 2020, a complaint was lodged with the clerk of the Dáil over his failure to declare his interest in The Skellig Hotel Experience, a company that ran the Skellig Star Hotel in Cahersiveen.He had a 25% share in the company after investing €25,000 in January 2019, but there was no entry for his shareholding on the Oireachtas Register of Interests. Oireachtas members are required to declare any shareholding over €13,000. When controversy over the leasing of the hotel <mask>-Rae said that he was not involved in the leasing of the hotel, but he later accepted the Skellig Hotel Experience held the lease. The company was sold in December 2019 to Paul Collins who runs Direct Provision centres. <mask>-Rae was adamant that he had no knowledge that it would be converted into a Direct Provision centre. Other
In December 2019, he was transferred to hospital after a fire at his shop. In May 2020, he called for the Leaving Certificate exams in 2020 to be cancelled due to COVID-19, in contrast to his brother Danny who said that the exams should go ahead in 2020 with proper social distancing, possibly using public buildings such as community centres and libraries.Publications
 Time to Talk: Stories from the Heart of Ireland, Gill, Ireland 2018. A Listening Ear: More Stories from the Heart of Ireland, Gill, Ireland 2019. References

1967 births
Living people
<mask>
Independent TDs
Irish people of American descent
Local councillors in County Kerry
Members of the 31st Dáil
Members of the 32nd Dáil
Members of the 33rd Dáil
Participants in Irish reality television series
Politicians from County Kerry

masks:
Michael Healy Rae
Michael Healy
Michael Lowry
Michael Healy
Michael Healy
Michael Healy
Michael Healy
Michael