texts:
 great honour, but did not punish Hong (who died later that year) and Shi. In 46 BC, Emperor <mask> summoned Zhou back to his administration and gave him a mid-level office, along with Zhou's student Zhang Meng (張猛, a grandson of the great explorer Zhang Qian). Despite the relatively low positions that Zhou and Zhang had, their advice was highly valued by Emperor <mask>. In 44 BC, he promoted the highly regarded Confucian scholar Gong Yu (), who tried not to engage himself in factional politics, to the position of vice prime minister, and heeded many of his suggestions to further reduce governmental spending and to encourage the study of Confucianism. In 43 BC, there were a number of unusual astronomical and meteorological signs that were considered signs of divine disapproval. Shi Xian and his allies, the Xu and Shi clans, alleged that this was a sign of divine disapproval of Zhou and Zhang's policies. Zhou and Zhang were demoted to local posts.In 42 BC, he promoted another Confucian scholar, Kuang Heng (), to be his key advisor, and Kuang, aware of the fate of the other Confucian scholars, entered into an alliance with Shi Xian to ensure his own safety and power. In 40 BC, more unusual signs occurred and <mask> asked the court faction to explain how they could continue to occur if, as they alleged, they were signs of divine disapproval of Zhou and Zhang. They could not, and so <mask> summoned Zhou and Zhang back to the capital to serve as advisors. However, this would not last long, as Zhou soon died of a stroke, and Shi Xian found an opportunity to falsely accuse Zhang of crimes and forced him to commit suicide. In 37 BC, another Confucian scholar would try to shake the influence of Shi Xian. He was Jing Fang (), who, in addition to studying Confucianism, was also an accomplished fortune teller. (At this time, fortune telling was still considered to be a part of Confucian studies, indeed, a highly honoured part; it was not until several decades later that Confucians began to disfavour fortune telling.)Jing, who had become a trusted advisor of Emperor <mask> after Emperor <mask> greatly favoured his proposed system for examining and promoting regional officials, accused Shi and Shi's assistant Wulu Chongzong () of being corrupt and evil. Initially, Emperor <mask> believed him, but took no action against Shi and Wulu. Shi and Wulu soon found out and fought back by accusing Jing of conspiring with Emperor <mask>'s brother Liu Qin, the Prince of Huaiyang, and Prince Qin's uncle. As a result, Jing was executed. Victory over western Xiongnu and complete hegemony over central Asia
Around the same time, despite Emperor <mask>'s general tendency for pacificism, a military confrontation had developed with one branch of Xiongnu, which had split into competing courts ruled by Chanyus Huhanye in the east and Zhizhi in the west. During Emperor Xuan's reign, Chanyu Huhanye had officially submitted to Han as a subject and received Han assistance. Chanyu Zhizhi, then the stronger of the two, tried to maintain a détente with Han by sending his son Juyulishou () to the Han court, but was not so willing to submit, and soon found himself out-powered by the Han-assisted Huhanye.In 49 BC, the last year of Emperor Xuan's reign, Chanyu Zhizhi headed north-west and conquered several Xiyu kingdoms, basing his capital in Jiankun (modern Altay, Xinjiang). From there, he frequently attacked the Han ally, the Wusun. In 44 BC, Chanyu Zhizhi sent an ambassador to offer tributes to Han, but at the same time demanded that Han deliver his son Juyilishou back to him. Emperor <mask> commissioned a guard commander, Gu Ji (), to escort Juyilishou. Initially, based on advice from Gong and other key officials, who reasoned that Zhizhi had no real intention to submit and was far away, Emperor <mask> instructed Gu to escort Juyilishou only to the Han borders, and let him travel the reaming journey on his own. Gu reasoned that by escorting Juyilishou all the way to Jiankun, he might be able to persuade Zhizhi to submit, and that he was willing to risk his own life to do so. Emperor <mask> agreed and Gu escorted Juyilishou to Jiankun.Chanyu Zhizhi was not impressed and had Gu executed. Zhizhi then realized that he made a major mistake, and he entered into an alliance with Kangju to conquer Wusun, a traditional enemy of Kangju. They repeatedly inflicted heavy losses on the Wusun over several years. In 36 BC, two Han commanders, Gan Yanshou () and his lieutenant Chen Tang (), took the initiative and destroyed Zhizhi as a threat. Zhizhi, after winning many victories over the Wusun and other Xiyu kingdoms, had become exceedingly arrogant, and treated his ally, the king of Kangju, as a subject, and he even executed the daughter of the king of Kangju, who had been given to him as a wife as part of the alliance. He also forced the other kingdoms in the region, including the powerful Dayuan, to pay him tribute. Chen felt that Chanyu Zhizhi would eventually become a major threat and devised a plan to destroy him.Reasoning that Zhizhi was a powerful warrior but lacked the affection of the kingdoms that were subject to him, and also that his new capital (on the banks of Lake Balkhash) had only recently been built and lacked strong defences, his plan was to use the colonization forces that Han had in Xiyu as well as Wusun forces to advance to and capture Zhizhi's capital. Gan agreed with his plan and wanted to request approval, but Chen feared that civilian officials would disapprove of the plan. Therefore, when Gan fell sick, Chen forged imperial edicts and requisitioned the colonization forces as well as the forces of the kingdoms that submitted to Han authority. Once Gan recovered, he tried to reverse Chen's actions, but Chen warned him that it was too late to do so. They then set out (after submitting reports admitting to forging edicts but providing the reasons for doing so), marching along two routes, one force taking a route through Dayuan and the other through Wusun. The forces rejoined when they entered Kangju. They then set a trap for Zhizhi, by pretending that they were running low on supplies, to ward off the possibility that Zhizhi would flee.Zhizhi took the bait and stayed in his capital. The coalition forces soon arrived at his capital and besieged it with Chanyu Zhizhi dying in the subsequent battle. After this Chanyu Huhanye made an official visit to the Han capital of Chang'an in 33 BC and formally asked to become a "son-in-law of Han". In response, Emperor <mask> gave him five ladies in waiting as a reward, and one of them was the beautiful Wang Zhaojun. Impressed that Emperor <mask> gave him the most beautiful woman that he had ever seen, Huhanye offered to have his forces serve as the northern defence forces for Han, a proposal that Emperor <mask>nu thereafter grew stronger. Succession issues

Emperor <mask> had two favourite concubines in addition to Empress Wang, Consort Fu () and Consort <mask> (), each of whom bore him one son. Empress Wang apparently tried to maintain a cordial relationship with both, and she was largely successful, at least as far as Consort Feng was concerned.However, a struggle between Empress Wang and Consort Fu for their sons' heir status erupted. As Crown Prince Ao grew older, Emperor <mask> became increasingly unhappy with his fitness as imperial heir and impressed with Consort Fu's son, Prince Kang of Dingtao (). Several incidents led to this situation. One happened in 35 BC, when Emperor <mask>'s youngest brother Prince Liu Jing of Zhongshan () died. Emperor <mask> became angry because he felt that the teenage Crown Prince Ao was not grieving sufficiently, particularly because Princes Ao and Jing were of similar age and grew up together as playmates, thus showing insufficient respect to Prince Jing. Prince Ao's head of household, Shi Dan (), a relative of Emperor <mask>'s grandmother and a senior official respected by Emperor <mask>, managed to convince Emperor <mask> that Crown Prince Ao was trying to stop Emperor <mask> himself from over-grieving, but the seed of dissatisfaction was sown. As the princes grew older, Emperor <mask> and Prince Kang became closer.They shared a love of and skills in music, particularly the playing of drums. Prince Kang also showed high intelligence and diligence, while Crown Prince Ao was known for drinking and womanizing. When Emperor <mask> grew ill during 35 BC, an illness that he would not recover from, Consort Fu and Prince Kang were often summoned to his sickbed to attend to him, while Empress Wang and Crown Prince Ao rarely were. During his illness, apparently encouraged by Consort Fu, Emperor <mask> reconsidered whether he should make Prince Kang his heir instead. Only the intercession of Shi Dan, who risked his life by stepping onto the carpet of the imperial bed chamber, an act that only the empress was allowed to do (on pain of death) led Emperor <mask> to cease those thoughts. When Emperor <mask> died in 33 BC, Crown Prince Ao ascended the throne (as Emperor Cheng). Era names
Chuyuan () 48 BC – 44 BC
Yongguang () 43 BC – 39 BC
Jianzhao () 38 BC – 34 BC
Jingning () 33 BC

Family
Consorts and Issue:
 Empress Xiaoyuan, of the Wang clan (; 71 BC – 13), personal name Zhengjun ()
 Liu Ao, Emperor Xiaocheng (; 51–7 BC), first son
 Zhaoyi, of the Fu clan (; d. 2 BC)
 Princess Pingdou ()
 Liu Kang, Emperor Gong (; d. 23 BC), second son
 Zhaoyi, of the Feng clan (; d. 6 BC), personal name <mask> ()
 Liu Xing, Prince Xiao of Zhongshan (; d. 8 BC), third son
 Jieyu, of the Wei clan ()
 Princess Pingyang ()
 Unknown
 Princess Yingyi ()
 Married Du Ye ()

Ancestry

See also
 Family tree of the Han Dynasty

References

 Book of Han, vol.9. Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 24, 25, 27, 28, 29. Yap Joseph P. Chapters 11–12. Wars With The Xiongnu - A Translation From Zizhi Tongjian, Author House (2009)

Western Han dynasty emperors
75 BC births
33 BC deaths
1st-century BC Chinese

masks:
Yuan
Yuan
Emperor Yuan
Emperor Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuanong
Yuan
Feng Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan
Yuan


type: original

texts:
<mask> (1 December 1831 – 4 February 1853) was a princess of the Empire of Brazil and a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza. Her parents were Emperor Dom Pedro I, the first ruler of Brazil, and Amélie of Leuchtenberg. The only child of her father's second marriage, <mask>lia was born in France after Pedro I abdicated the Brazilian throne in favor of his son Dom Pedro II. Before <mask>lia was a month old, Pedro I went to Portugal to restore the crown of the eldest daughter of his first marriage, <mask>. He fought a successful war against his brother Miguel I, who had usurped <mask>'s throne. Only a few months after his victory, Pedro I died from tuberculosis. <mask>lia's mother took her to Portugal, where she remained for most of her life without ever visiting Brazil.The Brazilian government refused to recognize <mask> as a member of Brazil's Imperial House because she was foreign-born, but when her elder half-brother Pedro II was declared of age in 1840, he successfully intervened on her behalf. <mask> became engaged to Archduke Maximilian of Austria in early 1852, but before the marriage could take place she contracted tuberculosis, and was taken to the town of Funchal on the Portuguese island of Madeira. Despite its reputedly healthy climate, her health continued to deteriorate, and she died on 4 February 1853. Her body was taken to mainland Portugal and interred in the Pantheon of the House of Braganza; almost 130 years later, her remains were taken to Brazil. In honor of her daughter, <mask>'s mother financed the construction of the "Princesa D. Maria Amélia" hospital in Funchal. <mask>'s fiancé, Maximilian, made a pilgrimage to Brazil and Madeira, a journey that influenced his acceptance of the throne of Mexico in 1864. Early life

Birth
<mask> was born on 1 December 1831 in Paris and christened <mask> Augusta Eugênia Josefina Luísa Teodolinda Elói Francisco Xavier de Paula Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga.She was the only daughter of Dom Pedro, the Duke of Braganza, and his second wife Amélie of Leuchtenberg. Through her father, <mask> was a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza (Portuguese: Bragança), and was referred to by the honorific Dona (Lady) from birth. She was the granddaughter of the Portuguese King João VI. <mask>lia's mother was the daughter of Eugène de Beauharnais, Duke of Leuchtenberg and the stepson of Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte of France. Eugène was married to Princess Augusta, eldest daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria. Pedro had formerly been the first Emperor of Brazil, as Pedro I, and also King of Portugal, as Pedro IV. He was succeeded on the Portuguese throne by his eldest daughter, <mask> II, <mask>lia's elder half-sister.The young Queen was the child of Pedro's first marriage to Archduchess <mask> of Austria. In 1828, <mask>'s crown was usurped by Dom Miguel I, Pedro's younger brother. Eager to restore his daughter to her throne, Pedro abdicated the Brazilian crown in April 1831 and departed for Europe with Amélie, who was pregnant with <mask>lia. To acknowledge <mask>lia's rights as a Brazilian princess, Pedro invited several guests to observe her birth, including the Brazilian diplomatic envoy to France. The newborn's godparents were the French King Louis Philippe I and his consort <mask> of Naples and Sicily, after whom she was named. Pedro sent a letter to his children who had remained in Brazil—including his son, child-emperor Dom Pedro II—with the message: "Divine Providence wanted to lessen the sorrow that my paternal heart feels in the separation from Y.I.M. [Your Imperial Majesty], giving me one more Daughter, and to Y.I.M., one more sister and subject".Brazilian princess

When <mask>lia was only 20 days old, her father departed France to invade Portugal. For almost two years, she lived in Paris with her mother and half-sister <mask> II. When news arrived that the Portuguese capital, Lisbon, had fallen to Pedro's forces, Amélie of Leuchtenberg left Paris with her infant daughter and stepdaughter for Portugal. They arrived in Lisbon on 22 September 1833 and disembarked the next day. Charles John Napier, a British naval officer who had fought alongside Pedro, wrote about the emotional reunion:

With Miguel I defeated and in exile, and <mask> restored to the throne, <mask>lia and her family remained in Portugal, first residing in Ramalhão Palace, and later in the Royal Palace of Queluz near Lisbon. But the war had taken its toll on Pedro's health, and he was dying of tuberculosis. <mask>lia, who was not yet three years old, was taken during the early hours of 24 September 1834 to Pedro's deathbed.Very weak, Pedro raised his hands to bless her and said: "Always tell this child of the father who loved her so dearly ... not to forget me ... always to obey her mother ... those are my last wishes". Pedro died in the early afternoon of the same day. The widowed Amélie never remarried, and spent her time overseeing her daughter's upbringing in Portugal, where they remained despite not being members of the Portuguese Royal Family, though closely related. Neither Amélie nor her daughter ever visited Brazil, but Amélie unsuccessfully petitioned the Brazilian government to recognize her daughter as a member of Brazil's Imperial Family, which would have entitled her to an income. <mask>lia's half-brother Pedro II was a minor, and the government of Brazil was in the hands of a precarious regency. The government refused to acknowledge <mask>lia as a Brazilian princess owing to her foreign birth, and forbade both her and her mother from setting foot in Brazil. The situation would only change after Pedro II was declared of age in 1840 and was in a position to insist that she be recognized as a member of his household.Aureliano Coutinho (later Viscount of Sepetiba), the Minister of Foreign Affairs, requested the Brazilian parliament to grant <mask>élia recognition, which occurred on 5 July 1841. Education and engagement

With the purpose of refining her education, <mask>lia moved with her mother in the middle 1840s to Munich, capital of Bavaria, where many of her relatives lived. A dedicated student, she was given classes that encompassed a broad array of subjects that included rhetoric, philosophy, history, geography, German literature, mathematics and physics. She learned to speak and write not only in Portuguese, but also in English, French and German. She became highly skilled in drawing, painting and playing the piano. An intelligent young woman with a fiery temper and shrewd mind, <mask>lia was described by a teacher as having, "without knowing, an exceptional talent for dialectic, an ability that would make the fortune of a young law student." The memory of her father apparently motivated <mask>élia's dedication to her education.The late Duke of Braganza cast a large shadow in her life, and was always remembered by his daughter, who would often ask the people around her: "and my father, who looks at me from heaven, shall he be pleased with his daughter?" She was never quite able to cope with her father's death and it deeply touched her. <mask>lia remarked after she saw a garden where Pedro planted a sycamore:

At the end of 1850 <mask>lia and her mother returned to Portugal, and settled in the Janelas Verdes palace. In early 1852, her cousin the Austrian Archduke Maximilian, then serving in the Austrian navy and on a stopover in Portugal, paid a visit to her. Maximilian's mother was the younger half-sister of <mask>lia's maternal grandmother, and both women were members of the House of Wittelsbach from Bavaria. He was also related to <mask>lia's older half-siblings, as his father was the younger brother of Brazilian Empress Leopoldina. They had met previously at a family reunion in Munich in 1838, when she was only a child.In this second meeting, however, they fell in love. Maximilian was enthralled by <mask>lia, a kind young woman with blue eyes and blonde hair "of striking beauty as well as cultivated intelligence". They were betrothed, but the engagement was never made official as a result of her early death. Later years

Death

In February 1852, <mask>lia contracted scarlet fever. As the months passed, she did not recover and developed a persistent cough, the onset of tuberculosis. On 26 August, the princess departed from the Janelas Verdes palace, where she lived, and traveled to the island of Madeira. The island's climate had a salutary reputation, as <mask>lia noted: "the fevers disappear, they say, as if by magic!"<mask> and her mother, who had accompanied her, disembarked on 31 August in Funchal, the capital of Madeira. The entire town greeted her joyfully, and a crowd followed the princess to her new home. She adored the island and told her mother: "If I one day recover my previous robust health, isn't that so mommy, we will stay a long time in this island. We will make long excursions in the mountains, we will find new paths, just as we did in Stein!" But her health worsened, and by the end of November, all hope was gone. By the beginning of 1853, the princess was bedridden, and she knew death was approaching: "My strength diminishes from day to day; I can feel it ... we are reaching the beginning of the end." A little after midnight in the early hours of 4 February, a priest administered the last rites.<mask> tried to comfort her mother: "Do not cry ... let God's will be done; may He come to my aid in my last hour; may He console my poor mother!" She died later that morning at around 04:00. The princess's body remained in a chapel next to the house where she died until it was taken back to the Portuguese mainland on 7 May 1853. On 12 May, the coffin was disembarked at Lisbon, and a grandiose funeral followed. Her remains were interred next to her father's in the Braganza Pantheon, located in the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora. Almost 130 years later, in 1982, <mask>'s remains were carried to Brazil and placed in the Convento de Santo Antônio (Convent of Saint Anthony) in Rio de Janeiro, where other Brazilian royals are interred. Legacy

Emperor Pedro II had never met his younger sister in person, but had developed a strong relationship with her through her letters.He wrote in his journal seven years after her death: "I heard the mass for my sister [<mask>] <mask> with whom I was so close and feel so sorry for never having met." Amélie visited her daughter's tomb every 4 February until her own death, and financed the construction of a hospital in Funchal called "Princesa D. Maria Amélia" in her daughter's honor; the hospital is still in existence. Amélie bequeathed her properties in Bavaria to Archduke Maximilian, "whom [she] would [have felt] happy having as a son-in-law, had God conserved [her] beloved daughter <mask>élia". Archduke Maximilian was haunted by the memory of <mask>, and after his marriage to Charlotte of Belgium he made a pilgrimage in 1859–60 to locations connected to his ex-fiancée. Upon reaching the island of Madeira, he wrote: "Here died, of tuberculosis, on 4 February 1853, the only daughter of the Empress of Brazil, an extraordinarily gifted creature. She left this flawed world, pure as an angel who returns to Heaven, her true native land." Maximilian visited the hospital in Funchal that bore <mask>lia's name, and until his death financed the maintenance of a double hospital room there.He also donated a statue of Our Lady <mask>rrows in memory of <mask>élia. Next he visited the house (called Quinta das Angústias, or Anguished Villa) where she died; he wrote: "for a long time I stood silent amidst thoughts of sorrow and longing under the shadow of a magnificent tree that enfolds and protects the house where the angel, so bitterly wept for, ceased to exist". In his memoirs, Maximilian also mentioned the island of Madeira, where "the life [was] extinguished that seemed destined to guarantee my own tranquil happiness". Following his arrival in Brazil on 11 January 1860 Maximilian became fascinated by the country, the only monarchy in South America, and then under the rule of his deceased fiancée's elder brother. Inspired by the stability and prosperity he saw there, on 10 April 1864 he agreed to become emperor of the newly founded Mexican Empire, believing he could achieve the same results in Mexico. But instead Maximilian was executed on 19 June 1867, after being captured by Mexican republicans. In a last homage to <mask>lia, as he was stripped of his belongings to face a firing squad, Maximilian asked that the small medallion of the Blessed Virgin Mary she had given to him, and which he wore around his neck, be sent to her mother.While <mask>'s life had little effect on events in either Brazil or Portugal, her death had significant, if indirect, repercussions on the history of Mexico. Titles and honors

Titles and styles
 1 December 1831 – 4 February 1853: Her Highness The Princess Dona <mask>lia of Brazil

Honors
Princess <mask> was a recipient of the following Brazilian Orders:

 Grand Cross of the Order of Pedro I. Grand Cross of the Order of the Rose. She was a recipient of the following foreign honors:

 Royal Order of Noble Ladies of Queen Maria Luisa. Grand Cross of the Portuguese Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa. Grand Cross of the Portuguese Order of Saint Isabel. Insignia of the Austrian Order of the Starry Cross.Insignia of the Bavarian Order of Saint Elizabeth. Ancestry

Endnotes

References

Bibliography

External links

1831 births
1853 deaths
Brazilian people of French descent
Brazilian people of German descent
Brazilian people of Portuguese descent
House of Braganza
Brazilian princesses
19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Tuberculosis deaths in Portugal
Nobility from Paris
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa
Dames of the Order of Saint Isabel
Daughters of emperors

masks:
Dona Maria Amélia
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Dona Maria II
Maria II
Maria Amé
Maria Amélia
Maria Amélia
Maria Amélia
Maria Amélia
Maria Amélia
Maria Amélia
Maria Amélia
Maria Amé
Maria
Maria Amé
Maria Leopoldina
Maria II
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amalia
Maria Amé
Maria
Maria II
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Am
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Am
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amé
Maria Amlia
Maria Amélia
Maria Amélia
Maria
Amélia
Maria Am
Maria Amlia
Maria Amé
of So
Maria Am
Maria Amé
Maria Amélia
Maria Amé
Maria Amélia


texts:
<mask> (; born 27 January 1954) is a Belgian politician who was the European Commissioner for Trade from February 2010 until 31 October 2014. Previously, he served as Belgium's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2004 to 2009 and as the European Commissioner for International Cooperation, Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Response from 2009 to 2010. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Overmere, Belgium. He entered politics at a young age, and became president of the Flemish Liberal Students while studying at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel in Brussels. He graduated with a master's degree in Law and practised as a lawyer, mainly in commercial matters, at the bar of Ghent. He later taught European Law at his university. Political career

Member of the European Parliament, 1980–1994
<mask> became a member of the European Parliament in 1980 and fulfilled this mandate until 1994.In 1989 he was the rapporteur of a landmark Parliamentary Declaration on the Fundamental Rights, leading eventually to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, which was later integrated as an essential part of the Treaty of Lisbon. Career in national politics
<mask> entered the Flemish Parliament after the elections of 1994 and moved to the Belgian Federal Parliament in 2003, where he remained until 2004. In 1999 he was elected party president of the Flemish liberal party (Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten). Although he was elected to the Federal Parliament in the general election on 18 May 2003 and to the European Parliament in the elections of June 2004, he occupied the first seat only very briefly and the second not at all. He entered the Belgian government on 18 July 2004 as Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs. He served as deputy prime minister in 2008–2009. He was Chairman-in-Office of the OSCE in 2006.He was a Member of the Security Council of the United Nations (2007–08) and Member of the European Council (2004–09). European Commission, 2009–2014
In July 2009 <mask> was appointed as the Belgian European Commissioner, in succession of Louis Michel. Like his predecessor, he was in charge of Development and Humanitarian Aid, but from February 2010 onwards, he became Commissioner of Trade in the Barroso II Commission, until 31 October 2014. He prepared and launched free trade negotiations with the United States, the so-called Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). He achieved important trade agreements, among others with South-Korea (2011), Colombia and Peru (2013), Central America, Singapore, Georgia, Moldavia and Ukraine (2014). In October 2014 he concluded CETA, the free trade agreement with Canada and the first ever agreement with a G7 member. He oversaw the start of trade negotiations with Japan and Vietnam, resumed talks with Mercosur and began investment agreement negotiations with China.He also concluded landmark economic partnership agreements with West Africa (ECOWAS), South Africa (SADC) and Eastern Africa (EAC), covering together 75% of African economy. <mask>t performed his ultimate duty as a commissioner by signing in Nairobi on 31 October 2014 the agreement with the Eastern African Community (EAC), consisting of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. He also played a key role in the conclusion of an Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine, which was a direct cause of Euromaidan and the Revolution of Dignity. At the end of his mandate he enjoyed a strong reputation within the European Commission because of the progression in the trade portfolio during his mandate and because of his strong views on European policy questions. At the end of this mandate he decided to leave politics, except on the local level, where he will be the chairman of the local council. Controversies
<mask> is well known for his outspoken views on different political issues. On a trip to Africa in late 2004, <mask>t sparked a diplomatic controversy when he said that "there is a problem with the political class in the Congo" and questioned its ability to tackle corruption.<mask>t received a lot of informal support in diplomatic circles and media and refused to retract his statement. Subsequent news stories suggested his concerns were well-founded. In November 2008 he was accused by an anonymous person and by the president of the extreme-right party Vlaams Belang of insider trading. The Ghent public prosecutor ultimately decided not to pursue an investigation in the matter stating that "from the investigations it appears that Mr. <mask>t has never abused his inside knowledge of the Fortis situation, more specifically the loss in the value of its shares", and closed the case. Later in his career, <mask>t caused controversy by his active promotion of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). Some critics accused him of being over-enthusiastic about the TTIP, playing down potential risks to European small and medium-sized companies associated with the so-called Investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanism, and even of ignoring public concerns about the ISDS. Other activities

Corporate boards
 ArcelorMittal, Member of the Board of Directors (since 2016)
 Proximus, Member of the Board of Directors
 CVC Capital Partners, Member of the European Advisory Board (since 2015)

Non-profit organizations
 Institute for European Studies (IES) at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), President

Honours
 : 1st class - Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.Personal life
<mask> is married to Mireille Schreurs, who is a judge. They live in Berlare and they have two sons, Frédéric and Jean-Jacques <mask>t. Publications
  ["Ketterijen – how  do we survive our time?] Polis, 2017. ["Pluche - On the banalisation of the extreme right"], Houtekiet, 2007. ["The future is free – On liberalism in the 21st century"], Houtekiet, 2002. ["The end of religious and philosophical pillars in society – Tuscany conversations"]- with MEP Johan Van Hecke, Houtekiet, 2001.["No man is an island - On democracy, liberty and human rights"], with Dirk Sterckx MEP, Houtekiet, 1999.
 , Praeger Publishers, 1991. References

External links

1954 births
Living people
Belgian European Commissioners
Belgian Ministers of State
Foreign ministers of Belgium
Free University of Brussels alumni
Members of the Belgian Federal Parliament
MEPs for Belgium 1989–1994
Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten politicians
People from Berlare
Grand Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland

masks: Karel Lodewijk Georgette Emmerence De Gucht


texts:
<mask> (; born 1 June 1987) is an Afghan cricketer. He is a right-arm fast bowler and a right-handed batsman who mainly plays as a bowler. He made his international debut for Afghanistan in April 2009. Early life and career
<mask> was born in 1987. He was the second of three sons; his older brother was Rashid and his younger brother was Shamshad. When <mask> was six years old, his family fled fighting in their home district of Bati Kot near Jalalabad, Afghanistan to go to Pakistan as refugees. They lived in a refugee camp Peshawar, where <mask> learned to play cricket on the streets with a taped tennis ball from his older brother Rashid.Cricket had a stigma among his people, and when his grades started to suffer at school as a result of cricket, his parents tried to stop him from playing, but he continued to play in secret. <mask> joined a cricket club in 2002 and got selected for a team to go to the ACC Under 17 Trophy in 2003. <mask> weighed nearly , but after watching the 2005 Ashes series on TV and being inspired by Andrew Flintoff, he lost weight until he was down to  so that he could bowl fast. In March 2006, <mask> played a match for Afghanistan against a Marylebone Cricket Club team led by Mike Gatting in Mumbai. Afghanistan thrashed MCC by 179 runs, and <mask> took the wicket of Gatting. He was subsequently invited to join MCC Young Cricketers. At 20 years of age, <mask> became the first Afghanistani to play cricket at Lord’s.He played for the Marylebone Cricket Club in a match against a European XI in June 2007. He bowled with good control at over , with Mike Gatting calling him a “huge potential”. International career

World Cricket League
<mask> was part of Afghanistan’s squad for the 2008 ICC World Cricket League Division Five in Jersey, which was the start of the qualification process for the 2011 Cricket World Cup. <mask> took three wickets in Afghanistan’s win against Botswana and two wickets in their win over Nepal, which gave Afghanistan a place in the tournament final and ensured they would progress to the next stage of World Cup qualification. He was Afghanistan’s best bowler in the tournament final against Jersey, taking four wickets for 27 runs, decimating Jersey’s middle order and giving Afghanistan control of the match. <mask> began division four with a dominant performance against Fiji. Though Afghanistan had only managed to score 132 runs in their innings, <mask> took four wickets for 25 runs as Afghanistan bowled out Fiji for just 52, starting the tournament with an 80-run win.<mask> was influential through the rest of the tournament, taking three wickets against Tanzania and running out Joe Scuderi when Afghanistan defeated Italy, gaining another promotion to the next stage of the World Cricket League. Afghanistan won the tournament final against Hong Kong, and <mask> almost finished the tournament with a hat-trick. He took two wickets on consecutive deliveries, but bowled a front-foot no-ball on the third. <mask> was then an instrumental part of Afghanistan’s team for division three, taking three wickets in matches against both Papua New Guinea and Cayman Islands. Afghanistan won the tournament and qualified for the World Cup Qualifier, returning to Afghanistan expecting a large crowd to receive them in Kabul. World Cup Qualifier
<mask> was in Afghanistan’s squad for the 2009 Cricket World Cup Qualifier, which was the first time Afghanistan had participated in the event. During the group stage of the tournament, <mask> mostly played as a first-change bowler, and he surprised opposition teams in the tournament with his skill and pace, with Bermuda captain Irving Romaine claiming he was one of the fastest bowlers in the tournament.<mask> took two wickets against Bermuda, and Afghanistan progressed from the group stage of the tournament to the Super Eights. Opening the bowling against Ireland, <mask> took five wickets. He dismissed William Porterfield early, then removed Ireland’s two established batsmen Andrew White and Kevin O’Brien in consecutive overs before taking two more wickets in Ireland’s tail. Four of his five wickets came bowled. His bowling performance was enough to give Afghanistan a 22-run win, causing a massive upset over the team who went on to win the tournament. <mask> was far less successful in the next match against Canada, conceding 32 runs in three overs. Afghanistan lost to Canada and their chances of qualifying for the World Cup were virtually over.<mask> finished the tournament with 3/37 against Namibia and 3/26 against Scotland, and though they didn’t qualify for the World Cup, Afghanistan did achieve official One Day International status for the next four years. In 2010, <mask> compared Afghanistan's rise through the ranks of international cricket with the film Rocky. Early success in first-class cricket
<mask> played for Afghanistan in the 2009-10 ICC Intercontinental Cup, the first time Afghanistan had participated in the first-class tournament. In a match against the Netherlands, <mask> took four wickets in the first innings and was batting at the end of the final innings when Afghanistan won the thrilling match by a single wicket. <mask> recorded his first ten-wicket haul against Scotland. After Afghanistan had been bowled out for 435 runs in the first innings, <mask> bowled first change and almost took the wicket of Fraser Watts immediately. Watts hit the ball straight to second slip, but the fielder dropped the catch and the ball went to the boundary for four runs.Later in the over he got Watts to edge the ball in the same direction and had him caught. He then caused a middle-order collapse, taking five wickets in a period in which Scotland lost seven wickets for just 19 runs. Most of his wickets came caught behind by the wicket-keeper, and he finished the innings with 6 wickets for 40 runs. During Scotland’s second innings, <mask> injured his ankle and was told by doctors not to bowl, but he decided to bowl regardless and bowled a further 27 overs. He took 5 wickets in the second innings to finish with 11 for the match. In Afghanistan’s next match against Kenya, <mask> got his second ten-wicket haul. He took five of Afghanistan’s first six wickets in the first innings to leave Kenya at 90 for 6, then followed it up with 6 wickets in the second innings to single-handedly win the game for Afghanistan on the final day.This took Afghanistan to the Intercontinental Cup Final against Scotland, where Afghanistan won by seven wickets and <mask> was named the player of the match after taking 8 wickets despite playing with a heel injury. <mask> took by far the most wickets for the whole tournament, with 43 wickets from 6 matches at a bowling average of 19.18 (the next-most wickets was 24 wickets by Scotland's Majid Haq). He was named as one of the bowlers in the team of the tournament. In March 2011 he was called up by the Marylebone Cricket Club to represent them in the Champion County match against Nottinghamshire. He was impressive with the ball, taking seven wickets for the match, but his most entertaining performance was with the bat. He came out at number 11 in MCC's first innings and hit his first three deliveries for four. He scored 26 runs from 14 deliveries before being dismissed.2010 World Twenty20
<mask> was a crucial part of the Afghanistan team in the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier as their specialist death bowler, bowling the final overs of most matches. He took wickets throughout the tournament and played an important role in Afghanistan’s wins over Scotland, the United States and the United Arab Emirates. Afghanistan won the tournament and qualified for the 2010 ICC World Twenty20, and <mask> himself took 12 wickets throughout the tournament at a bowling average of just 11.14. At the World Twenty20, <mask> was a standout both with the ball and, unusually, with the bat. In Afghanistan’s second and final match against South Africa, <mask> bowled very well at the death, taking 3 wickets for 21 runs from his four overs to restrict South Africa to 139 runs. Afghanistan then collapsed to be 32 for 8 when <mask> came to the crease, but he scored a quick 22 runs from 21 balls to help Afghanistan avoid the lowest score of the tournament. Despite having lost both matches, <mask> was proud of Afghanistan’s performance at the World Twenty20 and believed they needed to play more matches against full members to improve.2011–15 Cycle: Injuries and World Cup Debut
Following the 2011 Cricket World Cup, which Afghanistan did not qualify for, <mask> played with Afghanistan in both the 2011–13 ICC Intercontinental Cup and the 2011–13 ICC World Cricket League Championship, which ran simultaneously to each other. After playing cricket against domestic teams in Pakistan and Sri Lanka, these tournaments began for Afghanistan in Canada in August 2011. Afghanistan batted first in the Intercontinental Cup match, and were bowled out for 293 before the end of the first day. Afghanistan then had 12 overs to bowl to Canada before the end of the day, and <mask> managed to take four wickets for 12 runs before stumps. He followed this up the next day with 3 more wickets to achieve figures of 7/61, his best ever first-class bowling figures. <mask> then took three early wickets in Canada's second innings to record his third ten-wicket haul, and he was named the player-of-the match in a nine-wicket win. <mask> was selected to play for a combined Associate and Affiliate XI in a tour match against England in Dubai in January 2012.<mask> took two early wickets in England's first innings, but on the second day he fell over the boundary fence and injured himself, causing him to miss the rest of the match. Though he was initially cleared of any serious damage, the knee injury kept him out of international cricket until he was named in Afghanistan's squad for the 2012 ICC World Twenty20, where due to fitness concerns he was still unable to play any matches. <mask> returned to good bowling form in the latter half of 2013, with impressive bowling performances in limited overs cricket against Namibia and Kenya as Afghanistan secured qualification for the 2015 Cricket World Cup. His return to form was expected to make him a key player in the 2013 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier, and Afghanistan went into the tournament as favourites to win it, but his knee injury flared up again after playing just one match and he missed the rest of the tournament. He was replaced in Afghanistan's squad by Izatullah Dawlatzai and they still qualified for the World Twenty20 without <mask>. <mask> was named in Afghanistan's squad for both the 2014 Asia Cup and the 2014 ICC World Twenty20, but his knee injury continued to cause problems and he missed more matches. <mask> again returned from injury in December 2014 for an ODI series against the UAE, and he took 5 for 45 in the fourth match of the series.This gave Afghanistan the confidence to include him in their squad for the 2015 Cricket World Cup despite his proneness to injury. <mask> opened the bowling in Afghanistan's opening match against Bangladesh, bowling Afghanistan's first ever ball in a World Cup match. He was able to keep Bangladesh's openers slow at the start of the match, but he finished the match with expensive figures of 2/61 and Afghanistan lost by 105 runs. <mask>'s bowling was fast and precise against Sri Lanka. He dismissed Kumar Sangakkara early with a delivery that swung in from outside off to bowl him, celebrating with a cartwheel and leaving Sri Lanka at 3/18. <mask> then bowled two consecutive deliveries past the edge of Dimuth Karunaratne's bat before having him caught at slip at 4/51. <mask> took three wickets in total, and for most of the match it looked like Afghanistan could win, but late in the innings Thisara Perera hit a very quick 47 runs from 26 balls to get Sri Lanka across the line.<mask> gained international notoriety after this match because he celebrated taking the wicket of Kumar Sangakkara with a cartwheel. Afghanistan's match against Scotland was their only match against a fellow associate team for the World Cup, and thus the match they were considered most likely to win. After bowling a very economical 1/32 from 10 overs in the first innings, <mask> came in to bat in the second innings with Afghanistan still needing another 79 runs for victory. He provided support for teammate Samiullah Shenwari in a ninth-wicket stand of 60 runs, following Shenwari's instructions about when to farm the strike and when to rotate it. Shenwari hit a number of sixes in their partnership, but was caught at deep midwicket attempting a fourth inside one over. This left <mask> with fellow tailender Shapoor Zadran still needing to score another 19 runs to achieve victory. <mask> stayed in until the end of the innings with 15 runs in over an hour of batting, and Shapoor hit the winning runs in the final over to give Afghanistan their maiden World Cup victory.<mask> bowled Australian James Faulkner with a beautiful in-swinging yorker in Afghanistan's fourth match, but his bowling figures were 1/70 from 10 overs and Afghanistan lost by 275 runs to the eventual champions. Following the match, <mask> spoke with Australian fast bowler Mitchell Starc about shoes, as <mask> had gone through five pairs of bowling shoes already in the World Cup. <mask> bowled economically against New Zealand with 0/36 off of 7 overs, and in Afghanistan's final match against England he was the only Afghanistan bowler to take a wicket, removing Alex Hales with a thin outside edge. Despite being referred to by ground announcers as a medium-pace bowler, <mask> was Afghanistan's fastest bowler at the World Cup; his bowling was measured at speeds of over . 2015–present
<mask> played Afghanistan's first three matches in the 2015 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier, taking six wickets across the three matches, but he limped off the field after bowling the 19th over against Scotland and missed Afghanistan's subsequent two matches, both of which were losses. He returned to the side for a win against Papua New Guinea, which put Afghanistan into the 2016 ICC World Twenty20. Due to a thigh injury, <mask> was not able to represent Afghanistan again until the World Twenty20 itself, missing all matches between the two tournaments.He was ineffective at the World Twenty20, only playing four of Afghanistan's seven matches and taking three wickets. <mask> was last selected to play for the national team in a T20I series against Zimbabwe in February 2018, but he again got injured in the team's training camp in Sharjah and was advised to rest. His last international match for some time was in July 2016. He was attempting to return to the national team in time to play in the 2019 Cricket World Cup. In April 2019, he was named in Afghanistan's squad for the 2019 Cricket World Cup. The International Cricket Council (ICC) named him as one of the five surprise picks for the tournament. Ahead of the World Cup he announced he intended to retire from ODI cricket after the World Cup due to injuries, and he suffered a hamstring injury during his second over in Afghanistan's game against Pakistan during the World Cup preventing him from taking further part in both the game and the tournament.He announced his ODI retirement after the game, but expressed he may continue playing T20 cricket. In September 2021, he was named in Afghanistan's squad for the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. Domestic cricket

England
In 2009, <mask> signed to play for Skegness Cricket Club for six seasons in the Lincolnshire Premier League. He took 7/53 in his debut match, but after the 2009 season he didn't play for Skegness again. Bangladesh Premier League
<mask> signed to play with the Barisal Burners in the 2012 season for $40,000 but his injuries meant he was unable to play. He signed again for the 2013 season for the same salary. Player profile

Bowling

<mask> is a right-arm fast bowler.At times he has been measured bowling over . In the 2015 Cricket World Cup he took the wickets of world-class batsmen such as Kumar Sangakkara, causing problems with his pace and swing. He took 50 wickets in his first 26 One Day Internationals, making him the sixth fastest player of all time to reach 50 ODI wickets. Batting

<mask>
<mask> commentated the 2018 Afghanistan Premier League both in international and Afghan languages.Personal life
<mask>'s house in Jalalabad was targeted by a grenade attack in February 2018. <mask> was unharmed in the attack. <mask>'s family claimed that the attack came in the wake of criminal groups demanding money from the family. The Afghanistan Cricket Board stated that the attack was carried out by criminal groups, not by terrorists. See also
 List of Afghanistan ODI cricketers
 List of Afghanistan T20I cricketers

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Pashtun people
Afghan cricketers
Afghanistan One Day International cricketers
Afghanistan Twenty20 International cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Pakistan Customs cricketers
Cricketers from Nangarhar Province
Afghan expatriates in Pakistan
Asian Games silver medalists for Afghanistan
Asian Games medalists in cricket
Cricketers at the 2010 Asian Games
Cricketers at the 2014 Asian Games
Cricketers at the 2015 Cricket World Cup
Cricketers at the 2019 Cricket World Cup
Afghan Cheetahs cricketers
Barisal Bulls cricketers
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games

masks:
Hamid Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassanntary
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan
Hassan


texts:
<mask>, 5th Baron <mask> (17 September 1567 – 23 June 1643) was a major landowner, mainly in Staffordshire and Worcestershire, and briefly a Member of the House of Commons of England. Through his intemperate behaviour he won widespread notoriety, completed the financial ruin of his family, and was the last of his name to bear the title. Background and early life
Sutton's father was <mask>, 4th Baron <mask>, a distinguished soldier who managed to regain the family estates after they were forfeit to <mask>, Duke of Northumberland as a result of debt. His mother was the 4th Baron's second wife, Jane Stanley, daughter of <mask>, 3rd Earl of Derby. He had a younger brother, John, and an elder half-sister, Agnes, by his father's first wife. <mask> is believed to have been born in September 1567 as he was baptised on 17 September 1567. In 1580, at the aged of 13, he was sent to Lincoln College, Oxford, and the following year, when only 14 years old, was married to Theodosia Harington of Exton, Rutland who was about 5 years older.<mask>'s players
Sutton was the patron of group of actors, known as Lord <mask>'s players, and a performing bear. In 1595 he drew up a warrant for his company led by Francis Coffyn and Laurence Bradshaw to travel and perform. Sutton revoked this license and patronised a different group of actors, but some actors tried unsuccessfully to use the cancelled 1595 warrant in Chester in November 1602. <mask>'s players were in Newcastle in March 1600. In 1615 the leader of the company was called Dishley. Political career
<mask> was elected as one of the two knights of the shire for Staffordshire in 1584. Still only 17 years old, he was returned ahead in order of precedence of <mask>.It is not clear how this was achieved. Legh was made High Sheriff of Staffordshire on the day of the election and had to be given leave of absence by Parliament. Sutton made no recorded contributions in the Commons. He succeeded his father in 1586 and so was unable to stand for election in that year. Despite his apparent anxiety to serve in the councils of his country, Sutton did not take his seat in the House of Lords until 1593. Sutton's most important political intervention came through the Staffordshire election scandal of 1597. Pursuing a property dispute with the Worcestershire Lytteltons, Sutton put up his brother John as a candidate, in an attempt to stop the election of Sir <mask> of Pillaton Hall, a close ally of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex.Sutton ensured success by procuring a blank election return from Thomas Whorwood, the High Sheriff, who was John Sutton's father-in-law. Littleton, cheated of certain victory, filed bills against the Suttons and Whorwood in Star Chamber. Among his complaints against Lord <mask> was that he had personally voted for his brother in the voice vote at Stafford. As a peer, Sutton should have no part in elections to the Commons, Littleton maintained, apparently the first time this constitutional principle was expressed. The other candidate, Sir Christopher Blount, Essex's stepfather, was also offended at having been placed below Sutton on the election indenture. His wife, Essex's mother, wrote to the Earl complaining about the outrage, and Sutton was summoned before the Privy Council. However, the parliament was soon over, and it appears that Littleton chose to concentrate his efforts on the hapless Whorwood.Although his chicanery and bad manners had alienated some of the greatest in the land, the consequences for Sutton might have been worse. Landowner and industrialist
<mask> spent most of his life pressured by the authorities to meet debts that were beyond his ability to pay, partly inherited from his father, and partly the result of his own poor management of his resources. <mask>, like his immediate ancestors, owned substantial estates around Dudley Castle including the manors of Dudley, Sedgley and Kingswinford. He developed the mineral resources of these estates, building (probably) five blast furnaces on them. He obtained a licence to use the patent of John Robinson (or Rovenson) for making iron with pitcoal (that is, mineral coal) in 1619, and in 1622 renewed this patent in his own name. Sutton was said to be an innovator who set up an early reverberatory furnace using coal and a glassworks directed by Paul Tissac, or Tyzack, where coal rather than wood was first used as fuel. These projects brought him no profit.<mask> brought his illegitimate son Dud <mask> home from Balliol College, Oxford to manage his ironworks, but this strategy was not entirely successful. Ultimately <mask> fell out with Dud and expelled Dud from the new coke-fired blast furnace that <mask> had built at Hasco Bridge on the boundary between Gornal and Himley. Debts continued to grow, and by 1593 the estate had been sequestrated. The ironworks were essential because the family's debts were already so large that Lord <mask>'s father's will had earmarked all the proceeds of his ironworks for 21 years to pay creditors, who were given precedence over his widow and younger children. Money issues soured relations with John, <mask>'s younger brother. John had been compensated for his exclusion from a portion of his father's estate by the promise of an annuity from his brother, which <mask> never paid. The electoral fraud of 1597 might have helped John establish new contacts and income streams, but the parliament lasted little more than three months and the scandal made any further parliamentary career impossible for him.Always short of money, <mask> fought numerous battles to maintain his inheritance and income, many of them through violence. His most bitter feud was with Gilbert Lyttelton, centred on the farm of Prestwood, near Kinver, and reached its height in the 1590s. Prestwood is at the confluence of the River Smestow and the Worcestershire Stour. Sutton had Lyttelton ejected by force. He then claimed the right to seize outlaws' goods on other Lyttelton estates and raided them, driving off the sheep and cattle. Extending the dispute still further, he claimed one of Lyttelton's coal mines. He had the miners arrested, confiscated the stocks of coal and set the mine on fire.The Privy Council summoned <mask> and tried to reason with him, to no effect. Lyttelton complained to the Star Chamber, which found in his favour, fining Sutton heavily for rioting and cattle rustling. It was this that led Sutton to attempt revenge by blocking <mask>'s election, as he was a distant kinsman of Gilbert Lyttelton. Feelings were very bitter on both sides. The Privy Council had to write to the Worcestershire assizes in July 1598, demanding action against two of Gilbert Lyttelton's sons, Stephen and John, who had attacked John Sutton and his retainers, although the Suttons had already lost the property dispute. Marriage and family
<mask> was married at the age of 14 to Theodosia Harington (d. 1649). She was the daughter of James Harington of Exton, Rutland, a lawyer and long-serving MP.The Haringtons were the most important landowners in Rutland and Theodosia's eldest brother, John, was created Baron Harington of Exton in 1603. <mask> and Theodosia had a son and four daughters:

Ferdinando Sutton (1588-1621), who married Honora Seymour, a daughter of <mask>, Viscount Beauchamp, who was considered by some a potential claimant to the throne on the death of Elizabeth I.

Mary Sutton (1586–1645), who married Alexander Home, 1st Earl of Home. Anne Sutton (1589-1615), who married Hans Meinhard von Schönberg, the Palatine Ambassador to England: their son was Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg. Margaret Sutton (1597-1674), who married Sir Miles Hobart of Fleet Street and Plumstead in 1627, a son of Henry Hobart of Plumstead and Willoughby Hopton, a daughter of Arthur Hopton of Blythburgh and Witham. They had sons <mask>, Miles, Tom, John and James, and a daughter Willoughby. She was buried at St Margaret's, Westminster. Theodosia Sutton (1599-1615).<mask> also had a longtime mistress Elizabeth Tomlinson, who bore him a large family of illegitimate children, at least 11 in number. Lord <mask> provided for this second family. The eldest <mask> otherwise Tomlinson was given a small estate at Netherton in Dudley. Another son Dud <mask> was given a lease of Chasepool Lodge in Swindon, Staffordshire. A daughter Jane was grandmother to ironmaster Abraham Darby I. At the Star Chamber, Gilbert Lyttelton attempted to discredit <mask> by claiming that he had abandoned his wife in London without support to live with Elizabeth Tomlinson, "a lewd and infamous woman, a base collier's daughter". The Privy Council ordered <mask> to pay his wife an allowance, which he failed to do.In August 1597 he was sent to Fleet Prison. He was released after a few days, on condition that he pay maintenance of £100 annually for his wife, and £20 for each legitimate child. In less than 18 months he was back before the Privy Council, having got into arrears. <mask>'s legitimate son, Ferdinando, predeceased him, leaving a daughter Frances. <mask> married this granddaughter to Humble Ward, the son of a wealthy goldsmith, William Ward, who was one of his creditors. <mask> died on 23 June 1643 and was buried in St Edmund's Church, Dudley. Frances Ward inherited the estates, with their debts, and became Baroness <mask> suo jure.Humble Ward paid the debts and redeemed the estates for the benefit of themselves and their descendants. References

Further reading and external links
 'A letter from <mask> at Himley to Walter Bagot, 14 January 1603/4', , Folger Shakespeare Library, Early Modern Manuscripts Online, L.a.433. P. W. King, 'Dud <mask>'s contribution to metallurgy' Hist. Metall. 22(1) (2002), 43–53. 1567 births
1643 deaths
English MPs 1584–1585
Ironmasters
<mask>
Alumni of Lincoln College, Oxford
17th-century English nobility
16th-century English nobility
5

masks:
Edward Sutton
Dudley
Edward Sutton
Dudley
John Dudley
Edward Stanley
Edward Sutton
Lord Dudley
Dudley
Lord Dudley
Edward Sutton
Edward Legh
Edward Littleton
Dudley
Edward Sutton
Lord Dudley
Edward Sutton
Dudley
Edward Sutton
Edward
Edward
Edward Sutton
Edward
Edward Sutton
Lord Dudley
Edward Littleton
Dudley
Dudley
Edward Seymour
Edward
Lord Dudley
Dudley
Robert Dudley
Dudley
Dudley
Dudley
Dudley
Dudley
Dudley
Dudley
Edward Sutton
Dudley
Edward Edward


texts:
<mask> (born 1969 in Worthington, Ohio), is co-founder, lead singer and guitarist of the American rock band Watershed who he formed with Joe Oestreich (vocals, bass) and Herb Schupp (drums) while they were still in middle school. The band is active to this day. <mask> also performs and releases music as a solo artist and with his side project, The League Bowlers. He also is a member of the Dead Schembechlers and Why Isn't Cheap Trick in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame? Since 2006 he has been the owner/operator at Colin's Coffee. In 2018 it was named business of the year in Upper Arlington, Ohio. This is also the spot where he founded the website Pencilstorm.com and where he does most of his writing.Early life
In first grade he was exposed to the record KISS Alive and shortly thereafter purchased his first guitar, a Gibson Melody Maker with money saved up from his Columbus Dispatch paper route. He began writing songs and formed his first band "The Wire" in 8th grade along with classmates Joe Oestreich (bass) and Herb Schupp (drums). All three entered Ohio State together and after receiving an encouraging phone call from Chris Blackwell at Island Records, decided to drop out of school and pursue music full-time. Career
The trio changed their name to Watershed and began relentlessly touring the eastern USA opening for established regional acts like Dash Rip Rock, Cowboy Mouth, Hootie and The Blowfish etc. Producer Jim Steinman heard a cassette version of "How Do You Feel" and soon after convinced Richard Griffiths to sign the band to Epic Records with Frankie LaRocca acting as A&R. The band recorded their Epic debut "Twister" at the Powerstation in NYC 1994. Watershed has toured with bands ranging from the Smithereens to the Insane Clown Posse through and remain active to this day.In 2007, Watershed went on hiatus so Joe Oestreich could focus on becoming an author. <mask> began recording solo material with producer Mike Landolt (Maroon 5) at Mike's Curry House in Columbus, Ohio. The pair decided to bypass the full-length CDs and focused on singles. The first, "Chemotherapy" was released May 9, 2009 and it inserted itself into the national debate on health care as a rallying cry for reform. Two more EPs followed: Superior and Still Love Christmas. He also co wrote many tracks with Erica Blinn, for her debut Lovers in the Dust which was also produced by Mike Landolt. Superior was <mask>'s best received single and got heavy airplay in the Columbus, Ohio area along with some minor play along the East Coast.The video features <mask>'s son Owen playing the character of "Joe". His band, <mask>el and the Lonely Bones, performed at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for the Bruce Springsteen Fanfest Weekend for their second ever show  They also performed at Columbus' ComFest among others and were active throughout the Midwest during this period. Members were Rick Kinsinger (guitar, keys) Herb Schupp (Drums) and Dan Cochran (Bass). They play a show on Dec 23rd every year known as the "Still Love Christams" show. Also in 2007, <mask> opened Colin's Coffee in Upper Arlington, Ohio. He is a hands on owner and can be found there most mornings he isn't traveling for music. In 2018 Colin's Coffee was named Upper Arlington Business of the Year.The store features a large collection of rock n roll books. <mask> was a featured character in Joe Oestreich's critically acclaimed memoir, "Hitless Wonder - A life in Minor League Rock n Roll" released by Lyons Press in June 2012. The book was featured on NPR weekend edition. It was well received by major news outlets such as the Washington Post  The book rekindled a national interest in the music of <mask>'s band Watershed. In 2013, <mask> founded the website Pencilstorm.com and it replaced Colingawel.com as his primary creative writing outlet and features a rotating cast of roughly 20 writers focusing on pop culture and sports. It is still an active website. <mask> is a noted Cheap Trick super fan who started the band "Why Isn't Cheap Trick in the Rock n Roll Hall of Fame?"in 2012. The band would perform free sets of all Cheap Trick music to rally fans to support Trick's bid to be included in the rock and roll hall of fame. In 2014, <mask> founded The Willie Phoenix Tribute Machine to pay tribute to Columbus legend Willie Phoenix. The band included members of The New Bomb Turks and Howlin' Maggie and released two songs written by Willie Phoenix and were produced by Mike Landolt and engineered by Rick Kinsinger. It is being released on a vinyl 45 for RSD 2019. <mask> also started Shadowlords - The Willie Phoenix Fanpages on Facebook for a place to share Willie music and photos. In June 2015, <mask> reformed his band The League Bowlers to perform at Comfest in Columbus, Ohio.The "Bowlers" feature Willie Phoenix Alumni Jim Johnson (Drums) and Mike Parks (Guitar) and Four String Brew founder  Dan Cochran (Big Back 40) on bass. The band released one critically acclaimed record, Some Balls in 2004  before breaking up on stage at the Thirsty Ear Tavern in 2008. The League Bowlers - Some Balls Deluxe was released in December 2018. Lead guitarist Mike Parks passed away soon after and the original Bowlers line up disbanded. Mike actually recorded some of his tracks from the hospice with Rick Kinsinger engineering. In December 2015 <mask> was featured in a story of 614 Magazine previewing the release of his new record: Superior - The Best of <mask>. This release is 18 track compilation of his solo work outside of his music with Watershed produced by Mike Landolt for Curry House records.Also mentioned in the article were the success of his side project, "Why Isn't Cheap Trick in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame?" and his website Pencilstorm.com. In October 2016, a video for the song, "Dad Can't Help You Now" was released and features <mask>'s son Owen playing the batter. In 2019, <mask> disbanded The Lonely Bones and new version The League Bowlers became his primary backing band. Discography

Chemotherapy (2009) - Called "exceptionally strong" by the Columbus Other Paper
Superior (2010) - Was released on February 5, 2010
Still Love Christmas (2010) - Released on December 1, 2010. Official Bootleg: Live at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: Bruce Springsteen Fanfest Weekend 6/13/2009 (2009)

Superior - The Best of <mask>el was released on December 28, 2015 on CurryHouse records. The League Bowlers - Some Balls Deluxe was released December 2018.External links
www.pencilstorm.com
 Watershed website

References

American rock musicians
1969 births
Living people
People from Worthington, Ohio
Musicians from Columbus, Ohio

masks:
Colin Gawel
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin Gaw
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin
Colin Gawel
Colin
Colin
Colin Gaw


texts:
<mask> (born March 27, 1963) is an American smooth jazz saxophonist. Early life
<mask> was born in Encino, California to Jewish parents: Norman, a dermatologist and Audrey, a pharmacist. <mask> has a brother, Jeff, who is also a musician, and a sister, Roberta. Although he is Jewish, Koz plays both Christmas and occasional Hanukkah songs at his concerts. He attended William Howard Taft High School in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California, performing on saxophone as a member of the school jazz band. He later graduated from UCLA with a degree in mass communications in 1986, and only weeks after his graduation, decided to make a go of becoming a professional musician. Career
Within weeks of deciding to be a professional musician, he was recruited as a member of Bobby Caldwell's tour.<mask> was originally a rock saxophonist before he moved to smooth jazz in 1989. For the rest of the 1980s, <mask> served as a session musician in several rock bands, and toured with Jeff Lorber. <mask> was a member of rock musician Richard Marx's band and toured with Marx throughout the late 1980s and early 1990s, which was around the time he recurred as the guest saxophonist on the syndicated late-night talk show The Arsenio Hall Show. He also played in the house band of CBS' short-lived The Pat Sajak Show, with Tom Scott as bandleader. In 1989, <mask> decided to pursue a solo career, and began recording for Capitol Records. His albums there include <mask> (his 1990 solo debut), Lucky Man, The Dance, and Saxophonic. Saxophonic was nominated for both a Grammy Award and an NAACP Image Award.<mask> released his second album, Lucky Man, in 1993. During production of the album in 1992, <mask> was approached by the producers of ABC's General Hospital to perform on the show after his track entitled "Emily", from his <mask> album, was used as part of the show's soundtrack that year. After his GH appearance, executive producer Wendy Riche commissioned <mask> to write a new theme song for the soap. <mask> took elements from the show's existing theme song, Jack Urbont's "Autumn Breeze", and merged the chorus notes into a brand new smooth jazz composition titled "Faces of the Heart". The new theme music made its debut on General Hospitals 30th anniversary show, which aired April 1, 1993, and remained as the show's title track until August 27, 2004. "Faces of the Heart" ended up as the third track on <mask>'s Lucky Man album. In 1994, <mask> began hosting a syndicated radio program, The Dave Koz Radio Show (formerly Personal Notes), featuring the latest music and interviews with who's who in the genre.<mask> co-hosted The <mask> Morning Show on 94.7 The Wave, a smooth jazz station in Los Angeles for six years. He decided to leave the show in January 2007 and was replaced by Brian McKnight. In 2002, <mask> started a record label, Rendezvous Entertainment, with Frank Cody and Hyman Katz. <mask> has promoted annual Dave Koz & Friends Jazz Cruises since 2005. <mask> is the host of a weekly half-hour television series named Frequency put on by Fast Focus. Koz interviews musicians on the show such as Earth, Wind & Fire, Jonathan Butler, and Kelly Sweet. At the end of each interview, he plays along with the musician, adding some of his saxophone riffs to one of their hit songs.<mask> was also the bandleader on The Emeril Lagasse Show. The band, <mask>z & The Kozmos, featured Jeff Golub (guitar), Philippe Saisse (keyboards), Conrad Korsch (bass guitar), and Skoota Warner (drums). <mask> hosts a weekly radio show on the Sirius-XM Radio Watercolors channel called "The Dave Koz Lounge," which airs Sundays at noon ET. <mask> plays a Yamaha silver alto sax (YAS-62S Mk. I) with a No. 7 Beechler metal mouthpiece, a Yamaha straight silver Soprano sax (YSS-62S) or a vintage Conn curved soprano sax with a No. 8 Couf mouthpiece, and a Selmer Mark VI Tenor sax with a Berg-Larsen 90/2 hard rubber mouthpiece.As for reeds, he uses a No. 3 Rico Plasticover. <mask> occasionally plays keyboards and piano, with which he also composes his songs. On September 22, 2009, <mask> received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. In October 2010, <mask> performed "Start All Over Again" in a Desperate Housewives season 7 episode "Let Me Entertain You", alongside singer Dana Glover. In July 2012, he appeared on The Eric André Show, season 1 episode 7, and sat in with the house band. In December 2014, he opened Spaghettini & the <mask> Koz Lounge, a restaurant and live music venue located at 184 North Canon Drive in Beverly Hills, California with business partners Cary Hardwick and Laurie Sisneros, who own Spaghettini in Seal Beach.In 2018, Koz collaborated with guitarist and regular Vulfpeck contributor, Cory Wong, on two tracks, 'The Optimist' and 'Friends at Sea'. The two collaborated again in 2021 for the album The Golden Hour, including the single 'Today'. Personal life
In an April 2004 interview with The Advocate, <mask> came out publicly as gay. He has been a resident of Sausalito, California since 1990. DiscographySolo studio albumsDave Koz (1990)
Lucky Man (1993)
Off the Beaten Path (1996)
December Makes Me Feel This Way (1997)
The Dance (1999)
A Smooth Jazz Christmas (2001)
Golden Slumbers: A Father's Lullaby (2002)
Saxophonic (2003
Golden Slumbers: A Father's Love (2005)
At the Movies (2007)
Memories of a Winter's Night (2007)
Hello Tomorrow (2010)
Ultimate Christmas (2011)
<mask>z and Friends: Summer Horns (2013)
<mask>z & Friends: The 25th of December (2014)
Collaborations: 25th Anniversary Collection (2015)
<mask>z and Friends: 20th Anniversary Christmas (2017)
<mask>z and Friends: Summer Horns II From A to Z (2018)
Gifts of the Season (2019)
A New Day (2020)
A Romantic Night In (The Love Songs Album) (2021)with Cory Wong'''The Golden Hour'' (2021)

Awards and nominations

References

External links

<mask> official website
NAMM Oral History Interview, January 22, 2005 <mask> reflects on discovering his love for the saxophone. 1963 births
21st-century American male musicians
21st-century saxophonists
American jazz alto saxophonists
American jazz baritone saxophonists
American jazz soprano saxophonists
American jazz tenor saxophonists
American rock saxophonists
American male saxophonists
American jazz keyboardists
American rock musicians
American radio personalities
Capitol Records artists
Concord Records artists
EMI Records artists
American gay musicians
Jazz musicians from California
Jewish American musicians
Jewish jazz musicians
LGBT Jews
LGBT people from California
Living people
American male jazz musicians
Musicians from Los Angeles
People from Encino, Los Angeles
Rock saxophonists
Smooth jazz saxophonists
William Howard Taft Charter High School alumni
20th-century LGBT people
21st-century LGBT people
21st-century American Jews

masks:
David Stephen Koz
Dave Koz
Dave
Koz
Koz
Koz
Koz
Dave Koz
Koz
Koz
Dave Koz
Koz
Koz
Koz
Koz
Dave
Dave Koz
Koz
Koz
Koz
Koz
Dave Ko
Koz
Koz
Koz
Koz
Koz
Dave
Koz
Dave Ko
Dave Ko
Dave Ko
Dave Ko
Dave Koz
Dave Koz


texts:
Burnley Allan "<mask>" <mask>  (August 26, 1941 – July 29, 2013) was an African-Nova Scotian and an internationally known political activist in the areas of human rights, race and poverty. He came to prominence first as a member of the Student Union for Peace Action (SUPA) during the 1960s and then as a civil rights activist, community organizer, educator, and lawyer. Family
<mask> was born to Elmer and <mask> in Truro, Nova Scotia as one of 10 children. His grandfather, <mask>, was a hero during the Battle of Vimy Ridge in World War I. <mask> was a fifth-generation African Canadian and could trace his Canadian roots back to the Black Refugees of the early 19th century. He grew up in a close-knit working-class neighborhood with white and black families. He did not face overt racism until he was old enough to attend junior high school. After leaving school, he went into the Canadian army and then spent some time "on the road and in the streets" and held a number of jobs.In Toronto he came under the influence of local leaders in the black community, including Harry Gairey and Leonard Johnston. He was also influenced by Eugene Bonner, whom he recalled as "very political, very aware of Black issues and foreign issues. He was a real nationalist, a union man too." He met Bonner through his daughter, Joan, who also encouraged <mask>'s political development and reading interests. Joan and <mask> married in 1961. Civil Rights Movement
In March 1965, <mask> and Joan and their daughter joined a demonstration organized by the Canadian group, Friends of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), outside the American Consulate in Toronto, Ontario. The protest was in support of the Selma to Montgomery, Alabama march for voting rights.Almost at once, the media began to refer to <mask> as "Canada's Own Stokely Carmichael." He also joined the Student Union for Peace Action (SUPA), and together with Joan, moved to Halifax, Nova Scotia to engage in a community organizing effort known as the Nova Scotia Project. They formed Kwacha House,  the first inner-city self-help program for youth in the culturally diverse, lower socio-economic area of the city's North End. In 1968, <mask> was responsible for inviting Carmichael and members of the Black Panther Party to visit Halifax. This attracted police and media attention but also led shortly afterwards to the formation of a coalition of activist groups, including more conservative older organizations, as the Black United Front of Nova Scotia. <mask> also helped establish the Afro-Canadian Liberation Movement and was sometimes referred to in the media at this time as "Rocky the Revolutionary." As a student at Dalhousie University, in 1970 he helped establish the Transition Year Program (where he taught for 10 years).He organized the Black Historical and Educational Research Organization (HERO Project), a pioneering oral history project on Black culture. He also helped create the Dalhousie Law School Indigenous Blacks and Mi'kmaq Program. Prisoner rights
A strong advocate of prisoner rights, <mask> was involved in the establishment of the Black Inmates Association and the Native Brotherhood of Dorchester Penitentiary and Springhill Institution. <mask> developed programs for women in the Kingston Prison for Women, Halifax County Correctional Centre and in the community. He developed a wilderness experience program for ex-inmates and oversaw two production companies also staffed by ex-inmates. <mask> was the Executive Director of Real Opportunities for Prisoner Employment (ROPE), a self-help organization for ex-inmates. <mask> joined the New Democratic Party in Nova Scotia in 1965 and remained active as an organizer and supporter in the following decades.In 1980, he ran unsuccessfully in a  Nova Scotia by-election for Halifax Needham. At that time, he was one of the few known Black Canadian politicians. In 1995, <mask> was co-chair of the People's Summit, an alternative assembly that took place during the G7 meetings in Halifax. In 2009 he helped Lenore Zann win her successful campaign to be elected as  NDP member of the legislative assembly for the Truro area. Legal career
<mask> received his law degree from Dalhousie University in 1992 and spent several years working with Dalhousie University Legal Aid before forming his own law firm, B.A. "Rocky" Jones & Associates. While at Dalhousie, he provided legal services and taught law students.<mask>' firm concentrated on human rights cases, criminal, prisoner rights and labour law. <mask> was particularly interested in human rights issues involving Black people and people of colour. He worked closely with the Aboriginal community on land claims, justice and educational issues and was a Canadian expert on environmental racism. In 1997 he successfully argued the groundbreaking case of R. v. R.D.S. before the Supreme Court of Canada. This case set a precedent for race related litigation and contextualized judging. Guelph University bestowed an Honorary Doctorate of Laws to <mask> in 2004.<mask> died of heart failure on July 29, 2013, at the age of 71. Legacy
In August 2016, Fernwood Publishing released the autobiography Burnley “Rocky” Jones Revolutionary. Written by James W. St. G. Walker and <mask>, it includes an afterword by George Elliott Clarke. In September 2018, a petition was started by Angel, a Halifax resident, requesting Cornwallis Street in North End, Halifax be renamed to honour <mask>. The petition was signed by over 1,700 people, and presented to Halifax City Council by the area's City Councillor. The petition to name the street after <mask> was again presented to Halifax Regional Council in October 2021, with 9,330 signatures. Awards
Order of Nova Scotia
Meritorious Award of Excellence: The *Black United Front of Nova Scotia
Distinguished Service Award: The Canadian Association of Black Lawyers
H.Carl Goldenberg, Q.C.Award: Dalhousie University Law School
Hon. G.I. Smith Trust Award: Dalhousie University Law school
Founders Award: The Transition Year Program, Dalhousie University
Graduate Scholarship: Dalhousie University
Community Involvement Award: The National Black Coalition of Canada
Race Relations Committee Award: The Nova Scotia Barristers Society
Apex Community Award: Town of Truro
Honorary Doctorate of Laws: Guelph University
Wall of Honour: Nova Scotia Black Cultural Centre

See also
Black Nova Scotians

References

External links
  Five Awarded Order of Nova Scotia
 Watch the 1967 documentary film Encounter at Kwacha House - Halifax, National Film Board of Canada

1941 births
2013 deaths
Black Canadian politicians
Black Nova Scotians
Candidates in Nova Scotia provincial elections
Schulich School of Law alumni
Dalhousie University alumni
Members of the Order of Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia New Democratic Party politicians
People from Truro, Nova Scotia
Black Canadian activists
Canadian civil rights lawyers
Lawyers in Nova Scotia
Black Canadian lawyers

masks:
Rocky
Jones
Rocky Jones
Willena Jones
Jeremiah Jones
Jones
Jones
Rocky
Rocky
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Politics Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Death Jones
Rocky Jones
Rocky Jones
Jones


texts:
Margaret "<mask><mask> (April 11, 1944 – March 1, 2015) was an American businesswoman and politician who served as the 32nd mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah from 1992 to 2000. Corradini was the first woman to serve as mayor of Salt Lake City. Corradini, at the time of her death Senior Vice President for Prudential Utah Real Estate, was also the President of Women's Ski Jumping-USA. She was on the WSJ-USA board, and served as president for three years, taking a lead role in the battle to get women's ski jumping into the Olympic Winter Games. Life and career
Corradini was born Margaret Louise McMullen (although Deedee was a childhood nickname) in Providence, Rhode Island, the daughter of Marie-Louise (Strehlau) and the Rev. Horace "Mac" Martin McMullen. Corradini attended school in Lebanon and Syria for 11 years as a child.She attended Drew University from 1961 to 1963. She received a Bachelor of Arts in 1965 and a Master's degree in 1967, both in Psychology from the University of Utah. She served as Press Secretary to Congressman Wayne Owens of Utah and then Rep. Richard Ottinger of New York in the early 1970s. Although Utah leans strongly toward the Republican party, Corradini was a Democrat. This is not unusual for Salt Lake City, which tends to vote Democratic far more than other regions of Utah. Corradini was fluent in French and Arabic. <mask>'s efforts gave Utah the initial shove that landed the state the 2002 Winter Olympics.<mask> was the first woman to receive the Olympic flag, in front of a television audience of hundreds of millions of viewers, when it was passed to Salt Lake City at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan at the closing ceremonies. Under Corradini's watch, the city's population experienced a tremendous growth spurt, as the metropolitan area of Salt Lake City and the rest of the state began to grow by thousands of families a month. But she also endured scrutiny for soliciting some $231,000 in cash gifts and loans to pay off $805,000 for her part in the failure of Bonneville Pacific, a publicly traded alternative energy corporation that went bankrupt on inflated financials in 1991. Though she never faced criminal charges, investigations dogged <mask>'s administration, which never recovered from the Winter Olympics bribery scandal. In January 1999, she announced she would not seek reelection the following year amid calls for her resignation by the Salt Lake City Council. The ACLU and the First Unitarian Church of Salt Lake City, among others (including her successor Rocky Anderson), were upset with a deal she negotiated on behalf of the city to sell a block of Main Street  — then city property — adjacent to Temple Square to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). However, the conversion of this block into a church plaza was one of the 14 major projects put forth by the city in its 1962 Second Century Plan.The 1962 plan stated: "It is proposed that Main Street between the two church blocks either be closed to vehicular traffic or an underpass installed. This would strongly unify these two blocks as a visual anchor on the north end." Some accused the Mayor of pushing the sale in exchange for the LDS Church's support of the Olympic Games, as the leadership of the church was initially divided over whether the city should host the games. During her tenure, Corradini pushed hard (and ultimately successfully) for the relocation of the Union Pacific railroad tracks that divided downtown, pushed through the TRAX light-rail system, and won massive federal funding for reconstruction of the freeway system in advance of the Olympic Games (one of the largest single public works transit projects in recent American history). She also was the guiding force for the construction of the popular baseball stadium for the (then) AAA Salt Lake Buzz, at the time, the farm team for the Minnesota Twins), the redevelopment of a 50-year-old rail yard into the 30-acre (121,000 m2), $375 million The Gateway mixed-use development, resulting in two million square feet (186,000 m2) of shops, restaurants, office space, and housing, a 12-screen movie theatre, the Clark Planetarium, and Discovery Gateway, a children's museum. Corradini served as the President of the U.S. Conference of Mayors in 1998. She was also President of the International Women's Forum, Chair of the Utah Symphony Board of Directors, of which she was a Lifetime Board Member.Corradini died from lung cancer on March 1, 2015 at the age of 70. Olympics
Corradini's efforts gave Utah the initial shove that landed the state the 2002 Winter Olympics. Corradini crisscrossed the globe meeting with International Olympic Committee members for Salt Lake City's 2002 bid. She lobbied the Utah Legislature for a voter-approved sales-tax hike to build winter-sports facilities to help lure the Winter Games. Corradini was the first woman to receive the Olympic flag, in front of a television audience of hundreds of millions of viewers, when it was passed to Salt Lake City at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan at the closing ceremonies. Corradini was instrumental in adding women's bobsleigh and skeleton events to the 2002 Olympics in Utah. Women's ski jumping
Corradini campaigned for the Salt Lake City Olympics as mayor and then led the effort to bring women's ski jumping to the Winter Games.When the International Olympic Committee (IOC) told her and women ski jumpers in 2008 regarding participation in the 2010 Vancouver Games that women would not be allowed to jump, Corradini and other women ski jump advocates then filed suit in Canada, suggesting that exclusion of the event violated the human rights of the athletes. The lawsuit was rejected before the 2010 Games. In 2011, based on improvements in performance and participation, the IOC gave its approval to add women's ski jumping, beginning with the Sochi Olympics. In 2011, the IOC added women's ski jumping to the Olympic program. For nearly a decade, <mask> had led the fight, which included an appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada when athletes fought for the right to compete in the 2010 Vancouver Games.The IOC twice ruled against adding the sport to the Vancouver Games, saying participation worldwide wasn't widespread enough. After women's ski jumping was added to the Olympic program, Corradini said: "We have only one event, and that's the normal hill jump. The men have normal hill, large hill, the team event and Nordic combined.We're already thinking 2018 to become really equal with the men, so we still have our work cut out for us." SLC Transit
During her tenure, Corradini pushed hard (and ultimately successfully) for the relocation of the Union Pacific railroad tracks that divided downtown, pushed through the TRAX light-rail system, and won massive federal funding for reconstruction of the freeway system in advance of the Olympic Games (one of the largest single public works transit projects in recent American history). Corradini became an early advocate for light rail, which debuted on Main Street in the final year of her mayoral run. She helped lay the groundwork for a transportation hub that connects TRAX, FrontRunner commuter trains and buses in what used to be the city's red-light district. In championing the initial TRAX spur, Corradini ran into stiff resistance from business owners, who balked at having Main Street torn up for months of construction to accommodate the rails. Infrastructure
Corradini pushed to renovate the blighted west side of the city's business district with an ambitious 50-block project that involved moving roads, bridges and freeway corridors. That paved the way for The Gateway shopping and residential center — a $375 million mixed-use development boasting 2 million square feet of shops, restaurants, offices and housing, as well as a 12-screen movie theater, a planetarium and a children's museum.Corradini also led the effort to renovate Salt Lake City International Airport and added a third runway. Community involvement and awards

 President of the U.S. Conference of Mayors in 1998
 President of Women's Ski Jumping USA for more than 10 years
 President of the International Women's Forum
 Chair of the Utah Symphony Board of Directors, of which she was a Lifetime Board Member
 Served on the board of Utah Power and Light
 One of the first female members of the Alta Club
 Senior Distinguished Fellow in Urban Studies at The Richard W. Riley Institute of Government, Politics and Public Leadership at Furman University
 Senior Vice President of Prudential Utah Real Estate
 In 2012, Corradini was recognized by Women's eNews as part of the "21 Leaders for the 21st Century." Presented with a World Championships bib, signed by 30 of the top women jumpers in the world in 2015

References

2015 deaths
Drew University alumni
Mayors of Salt Lake City
University of Utah alumni
Utah Democrats
Women in Utah politics
Women mayors of places in Utah
1944 births
Politicians from Providence, Rhode Island
Deaths from lung cancer
Deaths from cancer in Utah
20th-century American women politicians
20th-century American politicians
Presidents of the United States Conference of Mayors
21st-century American women

masks:
Deedee
" McMullen Corradini
Corradini
Corradini
Corradini
Corradini


texts:
<mask> (born November 11, 1959) is an Argentine singer best known as the vocalist of the heavy metal and hard rock band Rata Blanca. He also has his own solo band. Biography
Barilari was involved with music from an early age as his uncle was executor of bandoneon and tango singer, and  taught him to sing when he was 4 or 5 years old. Soon his mother began taking him to television show to sing in front of cameras, at only 7 or 8 years old. At 13 he began composing his first songs and his mother inspired him to study the accordion, but he ended up learning to play the guitar. His first bands were named Topos Urbanos, Cobalto, Vietnam, and Dias de Gloria. Career

Rata Blanca (1989 - 1993)
It was then that the singer Saúl Blanch left Rata Blanca, and the group began searching for new singer.Although Barilari intended to continue in Dias de Gloria, his own colleagues urged him to bring it into the band. After his admission to the impressive success achieved Magos, espadas y rosas (Wizards, Swords and Roses), and was even present at the stadium of Velez Sarsfield as a major group. However, success began to wane after Guerrero del Arcoiris (Rainbow Warrior), as well as relations among the members. Still out on tour and in 1992 edited En Vivo en Buenos Aires (with Bach Soloists Chamber Orchestra), it would not be released until 1996. Finally, with the release of mini album El Libro Oculto (Book of the Occult), and to the wishes of Walter Giardino to bring the band to a heavier style, Adrian left the band to not agree with the new direction set by the guitarist. Alianza (1994 - 2000)
With the keyboardist Hugo Bistolfi, who also left Rata Blanca, form Alianza, with many musicians sessions, which were the only members permanently was Barilari and Bistolfi. The duo explore ballads sound with more keyboard presence than Rata Blanca.Alianza did not have much impact in Argentina, but in other Latin American countries. They edited three albums Sueños del Mundo (1994), Alianza (1997), and Huellas (1999). Rata Blanca (2000 - Present)
On September 2, 2000 announced in Bolivia to build again soon called Rata Blanca and her partner in Alianza for holding back the band on keyboards. Left for a Latin American tour and closed on 19 December at the Teatro Coliseo. Days later, Alianza presented in Acatraz. Rata Blanca already back to life, edited Grandes Canciones, a compilation with some of the most classical of the group, including an acoustic version of "Mujer Amante" with the current formation. Subsequently, released El Camino del Fuego who was the sequel to Temple, but with the new formation of Rata Blanca.Also released two singles from the latter, the first was titled Highway on fire with the songs "Master of the Highway", "Back Home", "Fire dance (a instrumental of Temple). In 2003 edited "Poder Vivo". In 2005 he edited La llave de la puerta secreta a disc inspired by the book The Da Vinci Code and in 2008 released his latest album El Reino Olvidado always remained in force in the scene in Argentina. El Reino Olvidado  was also edited in English as The Forgotten Kingdom but Barilari refuse to record this version, finally Doogie White (Ritchie Blackmore's Rainbow, Yngwie Malmsteen's Rising Force) record the album. Barilari (2001 - Present)
Besides his work in Rata Blanca, <mask> Barilari begin a solo career as a side project, he recorded an EP with four tracks ahead of the main cd "Barilari". " Barilari, and released as an album, with the participation of distinguished musicians from Stratovarius, Jens Johansson on keyboards, who also contributed string arrangements, guitars Emppu Vuorinen, Jukka Nevalainen on drums and Sami Vänskä on bass (all except the last, Members of Nightwish, Vänskä and is not). In guitars, in addition, the Argentine Daniel Telis and Gonzalo Ledesma.The album was recorded in Finland, Sweden, Germany and Argentina and has a string section recorded in Germany. The compositions are borne by Adrian Gonzalo Ledesma and Daniel Telis, Jens Johansson and Emppu Vuorinen. It highlights the cover of the classic Rainbow, "Stargazer", in a brilliant adaptation to Castilian. The album was mixed by Mikko Karmila and mastered by Mika Jussila in the legendary Finnvox Studios in Finland where today produces much of the heavy rock worldwide. Then released a live DVD, and recently edited covers CD called Canciones Doradas. In 2009 Adrian brings to light the third disc Abuso de Poder, this is a very powerful and dark album, this album was released via internet by page dontpaymusic.com in early June, the first cut is the song that gives title track. Influence and Technique

One could mention as his main influences include Ronnie James Dio, Ian Gillan although some style Barilari treated with singers more cutting power and lyrical as Michael Kiske, Tobias Sammet and Bruce Dickinson.Likewise, in his 20-year career he has also been the inspiration for many artists who today belong to outstanding Hispanic bands. Until the time of admission to Rata Blanca in the late '80s, had not appeared on the scene arguably Argentina and throughout Latin America also a vocalist of heavy metal and hard rock with the technical quality and influence classic hit which he learned in those years, so it may be cited as the spearhead of the genre. Holder of a record and a unique flow and an ability to reach very high tones with complete ease and pitch and also able to interpret from an epic theme to a ballad or rocker has kept intact his voice to today as also his popularity.

masks:
Adrián Eduardo Barilari
Adrián