texts:
<mask> (March 17, 1832 – November 15, 1907) was an American abolitionist minister and radical writer. At various times Methodist, Unitarian, and a Freethinker, he descended from patriotic and patrician families of Virginia and Maryland but spent most of the final four decades of his life abroad in England and France, where he wrote biographies of Edmund Randolph, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Thomas Paine and his own autobiography. He led freethinkers in London's South Place Chapel, now Conway Hall. <mask>'s parents descended from the First Families of Virginia. His father, <mask>, was a wealthy slave-holding gentleman farmer, county judge, and state representative; his home, known as the Conway House, still stands at 305 King Street (also known as River Road), along the Rappahannock River. <mask>'s mother, <mask>, was the granddaughter of Thomas Stone of Maryland (a signer of the Declaration of Independence), and in addition to running the household, also practiced homeopathy, learned from her doctor father. Both parents were Methodists, his father having left the Episcopal church, his mother the Presbyterian, and they hosted Methodist meetings in their home until a suitable church was finally built in Fredericksburg.An uncle, Judge Eustace <mask>, advocated states' rights in Virginia's General Assembly (as did <mask>). Another uncle, Richard C.L<mask>, served on what later became the Virginia Supreme Court, was a layman in the Episcopal Church, and became known for his integrity and hatred of intolerance. His great-uncle, Peter Vivian <mask>, served on the United States Supreme Court, where he upheld slavery and the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, including in the Dred Scott Decision of 1857. Two of his three brothers later fought for the Confederacy. His opposition to slavery reportedly came from his mother's side of the family, including his great-grandfather Travers <mask> (justice of the Stafford Court, died 1824) and his mother herself (who fled to Easton, Pennsylvania and lived with her daughter and son-in-law Professor Marsh after the Civil War broke out) as well as from his boyhood experiences. Nonetheless, during his youth, <mask> <mask> briefly took a pro-slavery position under the influence of a cousin, Richmond editor <mask> <mask>, himself a protege of <mask>.Early life
<mask> was born in Falmouth, Virginia. After attending the Fredericksburg Classical and Mathematical Academy (alma mater of George Washington and other famous Virginians), <mask> followed his elder brother to Methodist-affiliated Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, graduating in 1849. During his time at Dickinson, <mask> helped found the college's first student publication and was influenced by Professor John McClintock, which caused him to embrace Methodism as well as an anti-slavery position, although that controversy was starting to split the denomination. In Fredericksburg, uncle Eustace funded the pro-slavery Southern Conference faction and his father the at-least-theoretically anti-slavery Baltimore Conference faction. While in Cincinnati as discussed below, <mask> married <mask> <mask>. She was a fellow Unitarian, feminist, and abolitionist. The couple had three sons (two of whom survived childhood) and a daughter during their long marriage, which ended with her death from cancer in 1898.Despite the previous tension with his own family over his opposition to slavery, <mask> <mask> nevertheless brought his bride to meet them, during which Ellen broke a Southern social constraint by hugging and kissing a young slave girl in front of family members; after this, it would take 17 years before <mask> reconciled with his family. Career
After studying law for a year in Warrenton, Virginia, partly out of a moral crisis caused by seeing a lynching of a black man whose retrial had been ordered by the Court of Appeals, <mask> became a circuit-riding Methodist minister. <mask> had self-published his first pamphlet in 1850, "Free Schools in Virginia: A Plea of Education, Virtue and Thrift, vs. Ignorance, Vice and Poverty", but had been unable to convince local politicians to follow his recommendations, particularly as the pro-slavery faction believed such universal education influenced by Northern mores. His Rockville Circuit included his native state and Washington, D.C. through Rockville, Maryland, where he became acquainted with the Quaker Roger Brooke, whom he considered his first avowed abolitionist, despite his familial relation to the jurist Roger Brooke Taney. In 1853, after being reassigned to a circuit around Frederick, Maryland and shortly after his beloved elder brother Peyton died of typhoid fever and his assistant Becky of another, <mask> <mask> left the Methodist church and entered the Harvard University school of divinity to continue his spiritual journey. Before graduating in 1854, he met Ralph Waldo Emerson and fell under the influence of Transcendentalism, as well as became an outspoken abolitionist after discussions with Theodore Parker, William Lloyd Garrison, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Wendell Phillips.In America
After graduating from Harvard, <mask> accepted a call to the First Unitarian Church of Washington, D.C., but he was invited to seek another position after enunciating abolitionist views. Moreover, when <mask> returned to his native Virginia, his rumored connection with an attempt to rescue the fugitive slave Anthony Burns in Boston, Massachusetts (whose master <mask> had known in Stafford, Virginia, before their move to Alexandria and was ultimately purchased by an abolitionist and set free) aroused bitter hostility among his old neighbors and friends and family. <mask> fled being tarred and feathered in 1854. Nonetheless, almost at once, <mask> was invited to preach sermons at the Unitarian congregation in Cincinnati, Ohio. He served as minister at that anti-slavery congregation from late 1855 until after the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861. However, when in 1859, he announced to the congregation that he no longer believed in miracles or Christ's divinity, a third of the congregation left, but the "Free Church" survived. <mask> also edited a short-lived liberal periodical, The Dial, in 1860-1861, linking his emerging spiritual views to his Transcendentalist background.In Cincinnati, he became more acquainted with Jews and Catholics, and counseled against discriminating against them because of their religions. However, not all his abolitionist friends agreed with his pacificism, especially his condemnation of John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry (though he also expressed disappointment at Virginia's bellicose response). Civil War
<mask> had become editor of the anti-slavery weekly Commonwealth in Boston, and in 1861, <mask> published semi-anonymously The Rejected Stone; or Insurrection vs. Resurrection in America, identifying himself only as a "Native of Virginia". The book was published in three editions and ultimately handed out to Union soldiers after the start of the American Civil War. During the next year, <mask> advocated abolition, including in a Smithsonian lecture series in Washington, DC, which earned him and the more moderate Unitarian minister William Henry Channing a meeting with President Abraham Lincoln to discuss his argument that announcing abolition would weaken the Confederacy. While in Washington, DC, <mask> located several dozen of his father's slaves who had fled from Virginia into Georgetown. <mask> secured train tickets and safe-conduct passes for them and escorted them on a dangerous trip through Maryland to safety in Yellow Springs, Ohio, where he believed they would be safe because of the town's accepting culture.During the Union occupation before the devastating Battle of Fredericksburg, <mask> also returned home to Falmouth in 1862 and learned that his family's house had been spared from destruction because of its association with him although it was commandeered for use as a hospital for wounded soldiers (at which Walt Whitman would nurse). That year, <mask> published another powerful plea for emancipation, The Golden Hour (1862). On New Year's Day, 1863 (also called Emancipation Day, because President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, news of which reached Boston by telegraph), <mask> with fellow abolitionists Julia Ward Howe, Amos Bronson Alcott, Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., George Luther Stearns and Wendell Phillips unveiled a marble bust of John Brown at Stearns' home. Also in 1862, after spending more and more time away from his church advancing the abolitionist cause, and growing dissatisfied with the theological, liturgical, and social conservatism of mainstream Unitarianism, <mask> left that denomination's ministry, and he maintained an uneasy and uncertain relationship with Unitarianism in America and subsequently in England until he and Ellen made a clean break. London
In April 1863, fellow American abolitionists sent <mask> to London to convince the United Kingdom that the American Civil War was primarily a war of abolition and to not support the Confederacy. Under English influence, <mask> eventually contacted James Murray Mason, representative of the Confederate States of America to Britain "on behalf of the leading antislavery men of America," offering withdrawal of support for prosecution of the war in exchange for emancipation of the slaves. Mason publicly rejected the overture, embarrassing <mask>'s sponsors, who quickly and angrily withdrew support.Moreover, <mask> had to apologize to US Secretary of State William H. Seward, who could have caused revocation of his passport for attempting to speak as a private citizen for the US government. Rather than go back to America, where <mask> no longer felt welcome as a suspected traitor to his childhood Virginia friends and neighbors and he paid someone to take his place after being drafted to serve in the Union army, <mask> traveled to Italy. There, he reunited with his wife and children in Venice before moving back to London. There, in 1864, he became minister of the South Place Chapel (serving in 1864–65 and 1893–97) as well as leader of the then named South Place Religious Society in Finsbury, London. <mask> continued writing and publishing, including articles in both British and American magazines and traveled to Paris and even Russia. He also served as a war correspondent during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71. <mask> published biographies of Edmund Randolph, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Thomas Paine, as well as acted as the American agent for Robert Browning and the London literary agent for Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Louisa May Alcott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.<mask> also abandoned theism after his son Emerson died in 1864. His thinking continued to move from Emersonian transcendentalism toward a more humanistic Freethought. He conducted funeral services for his friend Artemus Ward and preached memorial at memorial services for many other famous literary figures. Moreover, women were allowed to preach at South Place Chapel, among them Annie Besant, whom Mrs. <mask> had befriended. However, the South Place congregation and <mask> soon left fellowship with the Unitarian Church. For a year from November 1865 Cleveland Hall was leased for Sunday evenings so <mask> could "address the working classes." However, the audience consisted of well-dressed lower-middle-class people.<mask> remained the leader of South Place until 1886, when Stanton Coit took his place. Under Coit's leadership, South Place was renamed to the South Place Ethical Society. However Coit's tenure ended in 1892 in a losing power struggle, and <mask> resumed leadership until his death. <mask> attended the salon of radicals Peter and Clementia Taylor at Aubrey House in Campden Hill, West London. He also was a member of Clementia's "Pen and Pencil Club", at which young writers and artists read and exhibited their works. <mask> moved to Notting Hill to be near the Taylors at Aubrey House. In 1868, <mask> was one of four speakers at the first open public meeting in support of women's suffrage in Great Britain.His many literary and intellectual friends included <mask>, Robert Browning, Thomas Carlyle, Charles Lyell, and <mask>. In 1878, he attempted to personally endow a new, non-denominational women's college at the University of Oxford; frightened at this prospect, Anglicans made haste to instead create Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, which was the first women's college at Oxford. In the 1870s and the 1880s, <mask> returned occasionally to the United States, where he reconciled with his Virginia family in 1875 and toured in the West about Demonology and the famous Englishmen he knew. In 1897 <mask> and his terminally-ill (from cancer) wife Ellen returned from London to New York City to fulfill her wish of dying on American soil; she died on Christmas Day; their son <mask> also died that year. As the Spanish–American War approached, <mask> turned toward pacifism and became disaffected with his countrymen, moving to France to devote much of the rest of his life to the peace movement and writing. However, he occasionally returned to Fredericksburg, which had come to admire his cultural accomplishments. <mask> also traveled to India and wrote about it shortly before his death.India
<mask> visited India and described his experiences in My Pilgrimage to the Wise Men of the East, 1906. He visited Helena Blavatsky in 1884 and denounced the Mahatma letters as fraudulent. He suggested that Koot Hoomi was a fictitious creation of Blavatsky. <mask> wrote that Blavatsky "created the imaginary Koothoomi (originally Kothume) by piecing together parts of the names of her two chief disciples, Olcott and Hume." Death
<mask> died alone, at 75, in his apartment in Paris. His corpse was found on November 15, 1907 and was ultimately returned to Westchester County, New York, for burial in Kensico cemetery. Legacy
Conway Hall in Holborn, London is named in his honor.In 2004, Virginia Governor Mark R. Warner proclaimed <mask> the only descendant of a Founding Father of the nation to physically lead slaves to freedom. Both Ohio and Virginia have erected historical markers in his honor, and <mask>'s childhood home was designated a U.S. and Virginia landmark. <mask> <mask>, 1832-1907. New Brunswick, Rutgers University Press, 1952.
d'Entremont, John. Southern Emancipator: <mask> <mask>: The American Years, 1832-1865. Oxford University Press, 1987. Easton, Loyd D. Hegel's First American Followers: The Ohio Hegelians: J.D.Stallo, Peter Kaufmann, <mask> <mask>, August Willich. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1966. Good, James A., ed. <mask> <mask>: Autobiography and Miscellaneous Writings. 3 volumes. Bristol, UK: Thoemmes Press, 2003. Good, James A., ed.The Ohio Hegelians. 3 volumes. Bristol, UK: Thoemmes Press, 2004. Walker, Peter. Moral Choices: Memory, Desire, and Imagination in Nineteenth-Century American Abolition. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1978. External links

 Moncure Conway Foundation
 Moncure <mask> in Encyclopedia Virginia

 Conway Hall Website
 Conway Hall Ethical Society Website
 Wandering Jew and Wandering Jeweess screenplays

1832 births
1907 deaths
19th-century American philosophers
American abolitionists
American Methodist clergy
American Unitarian clergy
Critics of Theosophy
Dickinson College alumni
Ethical movement
Freethought writers
Harvard Divinity School alumni
Hegelian philosophers
Moncure family
People associated with Conway Hall Ethical Society
People from Falmouth, Virginia
Burials at Kensico Cemetery

masks:
Moncure Daniel Conway
Family Conway
Walter Peyton Conway
Conway
Margaret Stone Daniel Conway
Conway
Walter Conway
. Moncure
Daniel
Daniel
Moncure
Conway
John Moncure
Daniel
Justice Daniel
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Ellen Davis
Dana
Moncure
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Moncure
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Charles Dickens
Charles Darwin
Conway
Conway
Dana
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Conway
Moncure
Conway
Moncure
Conway
Moncure
Conway
Moncure
Daniel Conway
Conway


type: original

texts:
<mask> is an American representational sculptor who works primarily in cast bronze, and is the sculptor-in-residence at the Cathedral Church of St. John the Divine in New York City. <mask> was born and raised in Grand View-on-Hudson, New York. His father was <mask>, a painter and professor of fine arts at Columbia University, Rockland Community College and the City College of New York. <mask> graduated from Columbia College of Columbia University in 1971 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Art History. He attended the National Academy of Design for three years, where he studied classical sculpture, and received his certificate in sculpture, and earned a master's degree in Ceramic Arts from Columbia Teachers College in 1974. <mask> has taught at New York University and at Jersey City State College. <mask>, who considers himself to be part of a "representational art underground" along with artists such as Kent Ullberg, Anthony Pandovano and Fredrick Hart, bases his work on the philosophy of "spiritual realism," merging realistic images and abstract masses of form, space and energy.Stanley Wells, a Shakespearian scholar and chairman of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, says, "I compare <mask> to Rodin. He's that good." "<mask> emulates the sculpture of the western world with contemporary vision." His works have been exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Harvard University, among other institutions and collections, and can be seen in more than 20 public spaces in cities from New York to Beijing. In 1972, <mask> was involved in an accident in his garage studio in Yonkers, New York which he says "defined [his] career", when he poured 150 pounds of melted bronze at 2100 degrees Fahrenheit (1148 degrees Celsius) into a home-made crucible intending to make a casting from the wax mold of the upper torso of a female model named Helaine. The resulting blast blew up the floor, sending molten bronze and pellets of the wax mold flying and injured the artist's left arm. <mask> has refused to sell the remains of the attempted casting, which he dubbed Volcanus.A <mask> sculpture can cost as much as $2.4 million, and his corporate commissions have included a bronze statue of J.C. Penney founder James Penney which weighs 3 tons and cost $250,000. Notable works
 Fantasy Fountain (1983) – Gramercy Park, New York City
 Peace Fountain (1985) – The Cathedral of Saint John the Divine, New York City
 "Baryshnikov" (1981), Newington-Cropsey Foundation, Hastings-on-Hudson, NY
 " Two Sculptures" (1994), Newington Cropsey Foundation, Hastings-on-Hudson, NY
 Two Sculptors (1999) – Georgetown University Medical School
 Victory Eagle (1998) and Hippomenes (1999) – Hofstra University
 Bill of Rights Eagle – (1998) Antonin Scalia Law School at George Mason University in Arlington, VA
 Tree of Learning (2000) – Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee
 The Tempest (1999), Hamlet (2000), King Lear (2001), Julius Caesar (2002), A Midsummer Night's Dream (2005), Falstaff/Henry IV (2006), Macbeth (2007) and The Winter’s Tale {2008} – Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in Stratford-upon-Avon, England
 Soaring American Eagle (2000) – bronze, courtyard of the State Department in Washington, D.C. The Price of Freedom (2003) – Visitors Center, Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Virginia
 "Soul of the Arts", "Baryshnikov/Spirit of Dance", "Two Peacocks" (2004); La Schola Cantorum de Paris, Paris, France
 The Tempest, Julius Caesar, King Lear and Hamlet (2003), Twelfth Night, Midsummer Night's Dream, Henry IV, Part 2, and Macbeth (2004) – Elizabethan Garden of the Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington, D.C.
 'Scholars' Lion' (2004) – Columbia University
 "Folger Shakespeare Library" (four study model series), 2005; Beijing University, People's Republic of China
 "Aspire" (2005) Quees Tabe Commission for the Academic and Performing Arts Center, CPCC, Charlotte, NC
 "Novation" (2007), Giardino, Bardini, Florence, Italy
 "Heaven and Hell", "Mitosis", "Dante Among the Flames", "Dante's Inferno" (2008); Casa di Dante, Florence, Italy. "Empedocles Bronze Monument Courtyard: Air, Wind, Fire and Water" (2008), Museo Archeologico Regionale di Agrigento, Sicily
 "Moon Face" (2010), Museo Civico di San Gimignano, Siena, Italy
 "Two Rivers" (2010) Museo dell Opera del Duomo di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
 "Beatrice", Tall Torch of Liberty", "Egyptian Fish" (2011) Giardino Scotto, Comune di Pisa, Italy
 "Bathsheba" (2011) Piazza San Agostino, Comune di Arezzo. Eagle" (1978)
EXHIBITIONS
 The Cathedral of St John the Divine (Jun-Sept 2017),  "The Peace Fountain and Animals of Freedom" A Summer of Sculpture at the Cathedral
 U.S. Senate Russel Building Rotunda, United States Congress, Washington, DC. "Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Moran, Sanford Robinson Gifford" 2016
 Embassy of Canada, Washington, DC. "Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Moran, Sanford Robinson Gifford" 2016
 Schola Cantorum, Paris France."Volcanus", "Arnaud d'Hautrives portrait" 2015
 "Artwalk" Highland Falls, NY. "All Services Guardian Angel" 2015
 Columbus Citizens Foundation, NY/ Waldorf Astoria; "Baryshnikov-in-flight", 2015
 Columbus Citizens Foundation, NY/ Waldorf Astoria; "Luna" 2014
 Organization of American States, Washington, DC; "Luna", "Baryshnikov", "Soul of the Arts" 2014
 Embassy of Canada, Washington, DC; "Homage to Hudson River School of Painting: Four Masters" 2016
 Rayburn Building Foyer, United States Congress, Washington, DC; "Homage to Hudson River School of Painting: Four Masters" 2016
 Porto Empedocle, Sicily. "Empedocle's Water, Earth" 2013
 Rayburn Building Foyer, United States Congress, Washington, DC; "Anger and the Dying Unknown", "World War II Memorial" 2012
 Ft. Monroe, Hamilton, VA; "Anger and the Dying Unknown", "World War II Memorial" 2012
 America Legion Headquarters, Washington,DC; "Angel and the Dying Unknown", "World War II Memorial" 2012
 Museo Etrusco Guarnacci, Volterra, Italy; "Four Empedocles Urns" 2012
 Brookgreen Gardens, Murrels Inlet, SC; " 2011 Rainey Master Sculptor"
 Columbus Citizens Foundation, New York, NY; "Eternal Spring" 2011
 Piazza Signoria, Florence. Italy; "Two Rivers" 2009
 Santuario del Beato Giacomo, Ex Convento del Dominicani. Bitetto, Bari, Italy; "Origini", 2009
 Museo Archeologico Regionale di Agrigento, Sicily; "Empedocles" 2008
 Forte di Belvedere, Florence, Italy. "Burnham Wood" 2007
 Regione Toscana, Florence, Italy; "Burnham Wood" 2007
 Istituto Statale d'Arte di Firenze, Florence, Italy; "Transatlantic Bridges Through Sculpture", 2006
 United States Consulate General, Florence, Italy; "Transatlantic Bridges Through Sculpture", 2004
 Institute of Directors, London, UK; Great Garden of Sculpture Education Program, 2004
 American Embassy International Marketing Center, London, UK ; "Global Gardens of Shakespeare Sculpture" 2003
 The Cathedral Church of St. John the Divine, New York, NY; "From Model to Monument"
 Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington, DC; "Shakespeare Bronze Models" 2002
 U.S. Senate Russel Building Rotunda, United States Congress, Washington, DC; "Bill of Rights Eagle" 1995
 Supreme Court, Office of the Chief Justice, Washington, DC; "Bill of Rights Eagle"1995
 U.S. House of Representatives, House Intelligence Committee Anteroom, Washington, DC;  "Bill of Rights Eagle" 1995
 National Academy f Design, New York, NY; "Centennial Samuel B. Morse" 1992
 Metropolitan Museum of Art, American Wing, New York, NY. "Bronze Castings" 1991
 Harvard University, Dudley House Gallery and Courtyard, Cambridge, MA; "Novation" 1991
 Bergen Museum of Art and Science, Paramus, NJ;  "Solo Exhibition"

References
Notes
Columbia College Today    https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct/issue/summer16/article/scholarly-artist

External links
"Art Lovers: Sculpture - George Wyatt" images of Peace Fountain, Fantasy Fountain and Scholar's Lion

Living people
20th-century American sculptors
20th-century male artists
New Jersey City University faculty
New York University faculty
Sculptors from New York (state)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Columbia College (New York) alumni
Teachers College, Columbia University alumni
21st-century American sculptors
21st-century male artists
American male sculptors
People from Orangetown, New York

masks:
Greg Wyatt
Wyatt
William Stanley Wyatt
Greg Wyatt
Wyatt
Wyatt
Wyatt
Wyatt
Wyatt
Wyatt
Wyatt


texts:
<mask> (19 May 1933 – 9 June 2021) was a Maltese physician, psychologist, author, inventor, philosopher, and consultant. He originated the term lateral thinking, wrote the book Six Thinking Hats, and was a proponent of the teaching of thinking as a subject in schools. Life and career
<mask> was born in Malta on 19 May 1933. Educated at St. Edward's College, Malta, he then gained a medical degree from the University of Malta. Following this, he proceeded as a Rhodes Scholar to Christ Church, Oxford, where he gained an MA in psychology and physiology. He represented Oxford in polo and set two canoeing records. He then gained a PhD degree in medicine from Trinity College, Cambridge, an honorary DDes (Doctor of Design) from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, and an honorary LLD from the University of Dundee.<mask> held faculty appointments at the universities of Oxford, Cambridge (where he helped to establish the university's medical school), London and Harvard. He was a professor at the University of Malta, the University of Pretoria, the University of Central England (now called Birmingham City University) and Dublin City University. <mask> held the Da Vinci Professor of Thinking chair at the University of Advancing Technology in Tempe, Arizona, US. He was one of the 27 Ambassadors for the European Year of Creativity and Innovation 2009. The originator of the term 'Lateral Thinking', <mask> wrote 85 books with translations into 46 languages. He taught his thinking methods to government agencies, corporate clients, organizations and individuals, privately or publicly in group sessions. He promoted the World Center for New Thinking (2004-2011), based in Malta, which applied Thinking Tools to solution and policy design on the geopolitical level.In 1976, <mask> took part in a radio debate for the BBC with British philosopher A.J. Ayer, on the subject of effective democracy. Starting on Wednesday 8 September 1982, the BBC ran a series of 10 weekly programmes entitled "<mask>o's Thinking Course". In the shows, Dr <mask> <mask> explained how thinking skills could be improved by attention and practice. The series was repeated the following year. A book with the same title accompanied the series. In May 1994, he gave a half-hour Opinions lecture televised on Channel 4 and subsequently published in The Independent as "Thinking Hats On".In 1995, he created the futuristic documentary film, 2040: Possibilities by <mask> <mask>, depicting a lecture to an audience of viewers released from a cryogenic freeze for contemporary society in the year 2040. In 2005, he was nominated (and reached the shortlist) for the Nobel Prize in Economics. Schools from over 20 countries have included <mask>o's thinking tools into their curriculum, and he has advised and lectured at the board level at many of the world's leading corporations. Convinced that a key way forward for humanity is a better language, he published The Edward de Bono Code Book in 2000. In this book, he proposed a suite of new words based on numbers, where each number combination represents a useful idea or situation that currently does not have a single-word representation. For example, <mask>o code 6/2 means "Give me my point of view and I will give you your point of view." Such a code might be used in situations where one or both of the two parties in a dispute are making insufficient effort to understand the other's perspective.Asteroid 2541 Edebono discovered by Luboš Kohoutek is named after him. Personal life
In 1971 he married Josephine Hall-White. They had two sons, Caspar and Charlie, and later divorced. Other ideas
<mask> invented the L game, which he introduced in his book The Five-Day Course in Thinking. In 2000, <mask> advised a UK Foreign Office committee that the Arab–Israeli conflict might be due, in part, to low levels of zinc found in people who eat unleavened bread (e.g. pita flatbread). <mask> argued that low zinc levels leads to heightened aggression.He suggested shipping out jars of Marmite to compensate. <mask> <mask> argued that companies could raise money just as governments now do – by printing it. He put forward the idea of private currency as a claim on products or services produced by the issuer. So IBM might issue "IBM Dollars" – theoretically redeemable for IBM equipment, but also practically tradable for other vouchers or cash. To make such a scheme work, IBM would have to learn to manage the supply of money to ensure that—with too many vouchers chasing too few goods—inflation does not destroy the value of their creations. But companies should be able to manage that trick at least as easily as governments do, particularly as they don't have voters to cope with. Critiques
The following three published critiques of <mask>'s work emphasize the lack of evidence to support his proposals.In the Handbook of Creativity, Robert J. Sternberg writes, Equally damaging to the scientific study of creativity, in our view, has been the takeover of the field, in the popular mind, by those who follow what might be referred to as a pragmatic approach. Those taking this approach have been concerned primarily with developing creativity, secondarily with understanding it, but almost not at all with testing the validity of their ideas about it. [...] Perhaps the foremost proponent of this approach is <mask> <mask>, whose work on lateral thinking and other aspects of creativity has had what appears to be considerable commercial success. Frameworks For Thinking is an evaluation of 42 popular thinking frameworks conducted by a team of researchers. Regarding <mask> <mask> they write, [he] is more interested in the usefulness of developing ideas than proving the reliability or efficacy of his approach. There is sparse research evidence to show that generalised improvements in thinking performance can be attributed to training in the use of CoRT [Cognitive Research Trust] or Thinking Hats tools. An early evaluation of CoRT reported significant benefits for Special Educational Needs (SEN) pupils...However, in a more recent study with Australian aboriginal children (Ritchie and <mask>, 1996), little evidence of generalisation was found other than in the area of creative thinking. Summarising <mask>'s 1985 work in Conflicts: A Better Way to Resolve Them, M. Afzalur Rahim, distinguished professor of management at Western Kentucky University with a particular focus on conflict management in organizations, gives his view that, as pertains to Rahim's own field of research, "<mask>'s approach to total elimination of conflict is no different from the approaches of the classicists. This approach to dealing with conflict is completely out of tune with modern thinking and, therefore, unsatisfactory." Published works

A partial list of books by <mask> includes:
 The Use of Lateral Thinking (1967) , introduced the term "lateral thinking"
 New Think (1967, 1968)
 The Five-Day Course in Thinking (1968), introduced the L game
 The Mechanism of Mind (1969), Intl Center for Creative Thinking 1992 reprint:
 Lateral Thinking: Creativity Step by Step, (1970), Harper & Row 1973 paperback:
 The Dog-Exercising Machine (1970)
 Technology Today (1971)
 Practical Thinking (1971)
 Lateral Thinking for Management (1971)
 Po: A Device for Successful Thinking (1972), , introduced the term Po
 Children Solve Problems (1972) ,  (1974 reprint)
 Po: Beyond Yes and No (1973),
 Eureka! : Are Americans Really Free? (2007)
 Intelligence, Information, Thinking (2007)
 Six Frames For Thinking About Information (2008)
 The Love of Two Cockroaches (2009)
 Think! Before It's Too Late (2009)
 Lateral Thinking - An Introduction (2014)
 Bonting - Thinking to Create Value (2016)
De Bono also wrote numerous articles published in refereed and other journals, including The Lancet and Clinical Science.See also
 Lateral thinking
 Parallel thinking
 Six Thinking Hats

References

Further reading
 Piers Dudgeon: Breaking Out of the Box: The Biography of <mask> <mask>. London: Headline, 2001. External links

1933 births
2021 deaths
20th-century Maltese philosophers
Maltese Rhodes Scholars
Maltese psychologists
Popular psychology
20th-century Maltese physicians
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Alumni of the University of Malta
Academics of the University of Cambridge
University of Pretoria faculty
Creativity researchers
21st-century Maltese philosophers

masks:
Edward Charles Francis Publius de Bono
Edward Charles Francis Publius de Bono
De Bono
De Bono
de Bono
de Bono
de Bon
Edward de
Bono
Edward de
Bono
de Bon
de Bon
De Bono
de Bono
De Bono
Edward de
Bono
de Bono
Edward De
Bono
Edward de
Bono
Edwards
de Bono
De Bono
de Bono
Edward de
Bono


texts:
<mask> is a Russian-born cellist, living in the United States. In 2007 he was the gold prize winner at the International Tchaikovsky Competition. Biography

Born in Moscow in 1983 to two cellists, one a teacher at the Central Music School at the Moscow Conservatory, the other a Bolshoi Symphony Orchestra cellist, <mask> began studying the cello at age five. After graduating from the Moscow Conservatory, he studied at an advanced level with, among others, the legendary Mstislav Rostropovich. He is currently an Artist Diploma student at Boston's Longy School of Music. In 2008, he inaugurated, together with pianist Constantine Finehouse, the Trieste Chamber Music Association's Salotto Cameristico to great acclaim. Hailed as “…a brilliant cellist…” (M. Rostropovich) and “… a complete artist,
both from the point of view of his unimpeachable technique and musically, with a
cantabile quality and an energy that merge in a harmonious whole...” (Alberto Coda,
Vita Nuova, Catholic Weekly of Trieste, Italy.May 2, 2008). Cellist <mask>
“… literally spellbound the rapt audience ... with an expressive mastery of
extraordinary maturity, realized through a technical skill exhibited without glitz but
with the naturalness that characterizes a genial interpreter…” (Patrizia Ferialdi, Il
Piccolo, Trieste, Italy. May 30, 2008). In the summer of 2007, <mask> became one of the youngest cellists to win a Gold
medal at the International Tchaikovsky Competition. He has circled the globe, performing concerts in Japan, Korea, Bulgaria, Poland,
Russia, Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Sweden, Finland, United Arab Emirates and the
US. He performs extensively with the most prominent orchestras, in the most
prestigious halls of Russia, his home country, under the management of the Moscow
Philharmony with whom he holds a five-year soloist contract. In the summer of 2008, <mask> had made his American debut at the Newport
Music Festival followed by solo recitals at Estivales de musique en medoc 2008 in
Bordeaux, France, concerts in Savonlinna, Finland as well as in St. Petersburg, Russia.In July, he performed a live concert on the Boston’s radio show “Classics in the Morning” with Cathy Fuller on WGBH 89.7 FM. Highlights of his 2008 season included a 10-concert tour of Japan and Korea in
January/February, culminating with performances of the Brahms Double Concerto in
Moscow's Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory. Other performances included
appearances with the Petrozavodsk Symphony, chamber music collaborations with the
Lyrica Chamber Music Series as their "Young Artist of the Year", and the Chamber
Music Foundation of New England. He gave solo concerts in Trieste, Italy and chamber
music concerts in Dubai, that  were followed by concerts at the Great Hall of the
Moscow Conservatory in performance of the Schumann cello concerto with Moscow
Conservatory Symphony Orchestra . After his performance of the Elgar Cello Concerto
with the Moscow Philharmonic in its "Stars of The 21st Century” series, a critic wrote “…[Antonov] is …unique…from a different world...a musician who has his own inner space…a performer, who turns each phrase, every deeply felt sound into an event of his own inner monologue…with such consciously developed nuances, sensitivity, such
concentration in combination with the feeling of drama…” (Marina Borisova, Daily
Telegraph, No.91, Moscow, Russian Federation. May 20, 2008). This season brought <mask> to Switzerland, Russia, Hungary and back to the U.S.
to perform Tchaikovsky’s Rococo Variations with the Burlington Chamber Orchestra in
the Lane series in Vermont and Longy Chamber Orchestra in Cambridge, Mass.In
January 2009, <mask> has opened a new music series in Boston called “Great Russian
Years” dedicated to the Great Russian composers. In Spring 2009 he is scheduled to
perform extensively in Russia (January, February, March, April), Spain (March), Italy, Sweden (April), and Serbia (May) with summer engagements in the United States  at Newport and New Hampshire music festivals in July. <mask> was born in 1983 into a family of cellists. His parents guided his
first years, especially his mother, Maria Zhuravleva, a leading cello pedagogue at the prestigious Central Music School at the Moscow Conservatory. His late father, Boris, was a gifted cellist and a member of the Bolshoi Symphony Orchestra. He graduated from the Moscow Conservatory where he studied with Natalia Schakhovskaya and chamber music with Alexander Bonduryansky. Presently <mask> is an Artist Diploma
candidate working with the Grammy nominated cellist Terry King at the Longy School
of Music.<mask> won top prizes in the Dotzauer and David Popper Competitions, was
named “Favorite Artist in the Cello Division” at the Tchaikovsky Competition by Toyota Corp., as well as a recipient of the “2008 Golden Talent Award “ by the Russian Performing Art Foundation. He has triumphed in many other competitions including first prizes at the Swedish Duo Competition, the International Chamber Music Competition of the Chamber Music Foundation of New England and the National ASTA Competition in Detroit (2007). A great influence on the cellist was his work with the late Mstislav Rostropovich. <mask> was a frequent participant in his master classes at the Moscow Conservatory,
which led to the maestro's invitation to join him on tours of Europe and Russia. He has collaborated with such artists as Yuri Bashmet, Yuri Simonov, Justus Franz, Dora
Schwartzberg, Vadim Rudenko, Bernadene Blaha, John Lenehan. Spring 2009 will
bring new collaborations with Maxim Vengerov, David Geringas, Eugene Bushkov and
Mikhail Pletnev. “There are few musicians this talented, with this esoteric ability, being able to
touch the listener so deeply and put them in another dimension.<mask> is
playing with intuition, he breathes and lives in music; the instrument is a natural
extension of him.” (Sven Bertilsson, Katrineholm Kuriren, Sweden. July 2008)
“…this musician has a serious artistic future.” (Marina Borisova, Daily Telegraph, No.91, Moscow, Russian Federation. May 20, 2008). References
 www.sergeyantonov.com
 www.sergeyantonov.com: Press kit
 www.sergeyantonov.com: Press kit, full biography
 cdbaby.com: <mask>
 www.digstation.com: Album details

Russian cellists
Living people
1983 births
Musicians from Moscow
Moscow Conservatory alumni
Longy School of Music of Bard College alumni

masks:
Sergey Antonov
Antonov
Sergey Antonov
Sergey
Sergey
Sergey
Sergey
Sergey Antonov
Sergey
Sergey
Sergey
Sergey Antonov
Sergey Antonov


texts:
<mask><mask> (born November 2, 1975) is an American journalist, columnist at The Guardian, editor for Jacobin, author, television writer, and screenwriter. He is also a political commentator and radio host based in Denver. He is a nationally syndicated newspaper columnist, political spokesperson, and blogger. In March 2019, he began working as the senior advisor and speechwriter on the Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign. In 2022, he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay for conceiving the story for Netflix's Don't Look Up alongside co-writer and director Adam McKay. Early life and education
<mask> was born in New Haven, Connecticut, but grew up in the Montgomery County suburbs outside of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. After being educated at the William Penn Charter School, he went to Northwestern University, where he earned a bachelor's degree with honors in journalism and political science.He has lived in various cities around the country including Philadelphia, Chicago, San Diego, Washington, D.C., Helena, and Denver. Career

Politics
<mask>'s career in political campaigns began when he was a research director for Illinois State Senator Howard W. Carroll's unsuccessful run for U.S. Representative in Illinois's 9th congressional district in the 1998 election; Carroll lost in the Democratic primary to Illinois State Representative Jan Schakowsky. In 1999, <mask> served as Dwight Evans's deputy mayoral campaign manager in Philadelphia, but was let go for "overzealous behavior" related to the creation of a fake website with damaging racial comments attributed to their opponent John White, Jr. Evans said he believed that <mask> had not created the bogus page, but had discussed it with the person who created it who was his friend and former college roommate. <mask> then became a fundraiser for Joe Hoeffel in his first successful campaign for the House of Representatives in Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. Later he moved to Washington, D.C. and worked in the political department of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC). His next job was as press aide and spokesperson for Bernie Sanders while he was serving as the at-large U.S. Representative from Vermont. <mask> worked as spokesperson for the House Appropriations Committee.While a fellow at the Center for American Progress, a liberal research and advocacy group, he created its Progress Report. In 2003 Newsweek profiled <mask> as a "political operative" skilled at "hacking out a daily barrage of anti-Bush media clips, commentary, and snappy quotes" who made "guerrilla attacks on the Bush administration", and who was "well schooled in the art of Washington warfare." According to the article, <mask>'s main weapons were computer emails. <mask> was described as the "Internet child of the Clinton War Room generation." Former Clinton White House chief of staff John Podesta said of <mask>: "I just saw he had an eye for critique and the instinct for the jugular." For example, <mask> unearthed a two-year-old comment that Colin Powell had made to the effect that "Iraq posed no threat to its neighbors, and possessed no 'significant capability' in weapons of mass destruction." <mask> made Powell's statements more widely known.Reporters pounced, and it became a public relations blow to the Bush administration. <mask> was credited with having revealed that $87 billion for Iraq could have been used to erase huge state deficits at home, a fact that was repeated by Democrats nationwide. He served as a senior strategist for Brian Schweitzer's unsuccessful 2000 Senate campaign and successful 2004 gubernatorial campaign. In September 2006, <mask> worked as a political consultant for Ned Lamont's U.S. Senate campaign. Lamont defeated Joe Lieberman in the primary, but Lieberman ran as an independent and defeated Lamont in the November election. In 2008, <mask> was co-chair of the Progressive Legislative Action Network (now renamed the Progressive States Network). He was a senior fellow at the Campaign for America's Future.Sanders campaign
On March 19, 2019, the Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign announced it had hired <mask> to work as a senior advisor and speechwriter. <mask> was accused of launching attacks against Sanders's Democratic opponents on Twitter and through articles for The Guardian on behalf of the campaign as early as December. However, according to <mask> and The Guardian, the Sanders campaign did not engage in conversations related to his hiring until January. The Guardian spokeswoman Deepal Patadia said after they were informed about the conversations <mask> quit filing columns for The Guardian. <mask> continued to contribute to Capital & Main and interviewed Washington Governor Jay Inslee, a Democrat who launched a 2020 presidential campaign. They talked about how Inslee planned to address the issue of climate change through his campaign. On Twitter, Capital & Main stated on March 20, 2019,

Media
In May 2005, <mask> became a contributor to The Huffington Post while writing his own blog.He was a regular guest on The Al Franken Show and makes guest appearances on The Colbert Report, Countdown with Keith Olbermann, NOW, Lou Dobbs Tonight, CNBC, and NPR. He is a senior editor at In These Times, a regular columnist for The Nation and the Intermountain Jewish News, and a past contributor to The American Prospect. He has been published in The Washington Post, the Los Angeles Times, The Baltimore Sun, and the San Francisco Chronicle. <mask> was a contributor to OpenLeft, a now-defunct progressive political blog. In June 2007, he replaced the late progressive columnist Molly Ivins with a column to be syndicated nationally by Creators Syndicate. <mask> became a contributing writer for Salon in May 2011. From 2009 to 2012, <mask> was the morning host at the Denver progressive talk station KKZN.<mask> was initially filling in for Jay Marvin on his eponymous program; but Marvin was ultimately unable to return, and <mask> became the permanent host in 2010. <mask> also guest hosted for Thom Hartmann and Norman Goldman. On July 16, 2012, <mask> moved to sister station KHOW to co-host an afternoon drive program with former George W. Bush administration FEMA director Michael D. Brown, The Rundown with <mask> and Brown. In January 2013, after nearly four years in radio, <mask> parted ways with KHOW/Clear Channel. Insiders speculate the reason for the abrupt departure was friction between the two co-hosts; it left Brown with his own show. In March 2017, <mask> joined The Young Turks online broadcast network as a contributor, providing periodic investigative reports. In early 2018, after four years of reporting for the International Business Times as senior editor of investigations, <mask> left that publication.In May 2020, some weeks after ending his work with Bernie Sanders's 2020 campaign, <mask> joined Jacobin as editor-at-large. Hostile Takeover
In May 2006, Random House's Crown Publishers released <mask>'s book Hostile Takeover. The first chapter of the book was published in The New York Times in July 2006. <mask> read sections of his book in public. In the book, <mask> argued that corporate interests are driving U.S. economic policy. The book became a The New York Times bestseller on July 9, 2006, entering at #23 on the nonfiction list. The paperback edition came out a year later.<mask>'s Hostile Takeover (2006) was reviewed by The New York Times critic Tobin Harshaw who described <mask> as a "Montana-based blogger with a take-no-prisoners mind-set" with "an admirably organized mind". Harshaw applauded some <mask> suggestions as "admirably specific, occasionally realistic and arguably on the side of the angels" and capable of bipartisan support, such as his recommendations for "regulating malpractice insurance for doctors... restoring state control over class-action laws... (and) forcing chief executives to certify corporate tax returns so they face liability for fraud." He felt <mask> was critical of "mainstream Democratic centrists". Harshaw criticized the writing style as "cliched" and "oppressive" and too lengthy and needing an editor, but admitted <mask> presented a "creditable analysis." <mask> responded to Harshaw's review in a letter to the editor. <mask> denied his book was critical of mainstream Democrats, but aimed squarely at "exposing Republican hypocrisy." He described his position as a "centrist exploration of the corruption of the entire system" that "isn't the fault of just one party or another."There was controversy in Washington, D.C., in 2007 about whether <mask> was a "journalist" or an "activist". While the Washington press corps tends to see him as an "activist", at one point he was criticized for skirting the rules about access to Congress, which would on some occasions deny activists access, by getting a "temporary intern's ID"; this gave him access to the Senate chamber, but he was criticized in The Washington Post afterward. He was described as having "pulled an end-run around the press galleries." Sirota denied he got "special access" and that such a claim was "just bizarre". He added: "I think a lot of reporters on the Hill want to monopolize access to our government as a way to preserve their monopoly on news I guess." Some analysts observed that conservative journalists were activists as well; one noted "(Weekly Standard columnist) Fred Barnes has credentials, he espouses political views." The Uprising
<mask>'s book The Uprising was released in June 2008.It was ranked 20th on The New York Times bestseller list on June 15, 2008. The book was also listed on The New York Times Political Bestseller list for the month of July 2008. <mask> made speeches about his book at venues such as Hofstra University. A mostly positive review of The Uprising from Publishers Weekly described the book as chronicling "how ordinary citizens on the right and the left are marshaling their frustrations with the government into uprisings across the country." The reviewer cited "entertaining case studies" with a "conversational" tone and a fast-paced narrative with "numerous high notes." <mask> gave a "fine elucidation of continuing Democratic support for the Iraq War" and examined the "echo chamber qualities of beltway television shows like Hardball." The book presents "a rousing account of the local uprisings already in effect."A Newark Star-Ledger political critic reviewing the book described <mask> as an "enterprising" reporter who used "resourceful" tactics to get entry into such venues as Capitol Hill, the Microsoft campus, an ExxonMobil stockholders meeting, and the Mexican border. In the book, <mask> attacks CNN star Lou Dobbs less for his "endless broadcasts on illegal immigration" but more for the way he "browbeats his staff and runs roughshod over the CNN management." The critic felt the book's "search for a national uprising is somewhat out of focus" but was a "lively read." Political views
<mask> is a critic of neoliberal economic policies, and has leveled criticism at the Clinton, George W. Bush, and Obama administrations. <mask> supported John Edwards in the 2008 Democratic party primaries. He has criticized the Democratic Leadership Council and other Democrats, who he claims have "sold out" to corporate interests, and has argued that the term "centrist" is a misnomer in that these politicians are out of touch with public opinion. <mask>'s article "The Democrats' Da Vinci Code" argues that leftist politicians are more successful in so-called "red states" than the mainstream media have previously reported.He is an opponent of free trade policies, a supporter of fair trade, and an advocate of workers' rights and organized labor. His May 2007 speech at the Montana AFL-CIO Convention in Butte articulated many of his views. <mask> supported Sherrod Brown over Paul Hackett for the 2006 Senate election in Ohio and criticized Hackett's claims that he was "forced out" of the race by party elders as disingenuous. In 2008, <mask> stated on radio program Democracy Now! that he had cast an early vote for Democratic Party presidential candidate Barack Obama. <mask> has been a strong supporter of the economic stimulus efforts of the Obama administration. However, he has criticized such efforts as insufficient and has strongly supported further stimulus efforts.<mask> was criticized by Fox News hosts and commentators Mark Steyn, Bill O'Reilly, Greg Gutfeld, and Robert Spencer in the wake of the Boston Marathon bombing for an article he wrote for Salon entitled "Let's Hope the Boston Marathon Bomber Is a White American." Some other journalists and political analysts have criticized <mask>. In his article comparing two approaches to progressive politics, statistician Nate Silver disparaged <mask>'s approach as "playing fast and loose with the truth and using some of the same demagogic precepts that the right wing does." Regarding <mask>'s political analysis and projections, including his predictions during the 2008 presidential election, Al Giordano derided him as "an inverted compass: when Sirota says 'heads,' you can make a lot of money betting on 'tails.'" In 2016, right-wing commentators at the conservative National Review and libertarian Reason upbraided <mask> for his 2013 Salon article entitled "Hugo Chavez's economic miracle". <mask> wrote in 2013 that Chavez was "no saint", but also that his socialist and redistributionist policies had led to Venezuela's GDP more than doubling and reduced poverty to the third-lowest level in South America. His detractors charge that <mask> overlooked that Venezuela's economic gains were based almost entirely on petroleum exports, and with the worldwide drop in oil prices Venezuela's economy has been in shambles, with shortages and rationing of food, electricity, and toilet paper.In 2018, <mask> argued immediate action must be taken against the influence and power of oil and gas corporations to fight climate change, and Democrats must choose a side. "Will our political class behold the fossil fuel industry's sociopathy and realize that we face an existential choice between profits and ecological survival?" asked <mask>. Family
In January 2018, <mask>'s wife, Emily, announced candidacy for a seat in the Colorado House of Representatives, promising a "bold, progressive agenda." In June, she won the Democratic primary in District 9, based in southeastern Denver. In November, she won the general election, with 72 percent of the vote to Republican Bob Lane's 28. Depiction in fiction
<mask> was a schoolmate of television producer and writer Adam F. Goldberg.<mask> is a recurring minor character in the ABC television comedy The Goldbergs, which is based on Goldberg's childhood, portrayed by Sam Kindseth. The episode "Van People" was dedicated to <mask> and uses archive footage of <mask> during his time at William Penn Charter School. The episode also briefly featured his appearance on The Colbert Report. Bibliography
Hostile Takeover: How Big Money and Corruption Conquered Our Government and How We Take It Back, 2006
The Uprising: An Unauthorized Tour of the Populist Revolt Scaring Wall Street and Washington, 2008
Back to Our Future: How the 1980s Explain the World We Live in Now—Our Culture, Our Politics, Our Everything, 2011

Filmography

References

External links

<mask>'s home page
<mask>'s syndicate website

1975 births
American bloggers
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
American political consultants
Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign
HuffPost writers and columnists
Jewish American writers
Journalists from Montana
Living people
Northwestern University alumni
People from Helena, Montana
Radio personalities from Philadelphia
The Young Turks people
William Penn Charter School alumni

masks:
David J
. Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
Sirota
David Sirota
David Sirota


texts:
<mask>  (born 8 April 1947) is a British scientist. He is Professor of Climate Science at University College London, a Fellow of St Edmund's College Cambridge, a member of the Academia Europaea, Chair of the European Science Foundation's European Space Sciences Committee, Patron of the Surrey Climate Commission, a member of the scientific advisory board of Scientists Warning, a member of the UK Clean Growth Fund Advisory Board, and a member of the UK Parliamentary and Scientific Committee. His previous posts include Director of the Science Museum (London), Director of the British Antarctic Survey, Chairman of the London Climate Change Partnership, President of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, Vice President of the European Science Foundation's European Polar Board, executive director of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, founder and leader of UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory's (MSSL) Remote Sensing Group. In the 1970s he was instrument scientist on two Skylark sounding rocket payloads flown from Woomera, Australia to study the Soft X-ray Diffuse Background, on four Aerobee flights from White Sands, New Mexico in collaboration with the Lockheed Missile and Space Co's (LMSC) Palo Alto research laboratory to test a new design of solar X-ray spectrometer. He was instrument scientist for the Bent Crystal Spectrometer and Flat Crystal Spectrometer detector package flown on NASA's Solar Maximum Mission as part of the X-Ray Polychromator provided by UCL MSSL, LMSC and the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. In 1994 whilst on a sabbatical at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory he contributed to the design of the Cassini RADAR instrument to study Saturn's moon, Titan. He led numerous ESA-funded studies on the use of radar altimeters to study Earth's polar ice, land and inland water, underpinning the ESA Earth Observation satellite series ERS-1, ERS-2, and Envisat.The MSSL group provided the on-board calibration sources for the UK Along-Track Scanning Radiometer flown on the same spacecraft. He was Chair of the International Council of Science - World Meteorological Organisation's International Planning Group for the International Polar Year 2007-2008 and a member of the IPY Steering Committee. From 2012 to 2016 he was a member, then chair, of the European Space Agency Director General's High-Level Science Policy Advisory Committee. His current interests are in the role of climate scientists in society, the communication of climate science and the need to better balance the discovery of new facts about the climate system and the delivery of benefit to society. He is Chair of the UCL Policy Commission on Communicating Climate Science and chair of the advisory board to the UCL Climate Action Unit. In 2014 Rapley and the playwright Duncan Macmillan wrote the acclaimed play 2071 which Rapley performed in 2014/15 at the Royal Court Theatre and in Hamburg and Brussels. The book '2071 - The World We'll Leave Our Grandchildren' is available from John Murray.More recently <mask> was the Science Consultant on BBC1's ‘Climate Change – The Facts’ presented by Sir David Attenborough, and on the BBC1 three-part series 'Greta Thunberg: A Year to Change the World'. In 2003 <mask> was appointed CBE by Her Majesty the Queen. In 2008 he was awarded the Edinburgh Science Medal for having made 'a significant contribution to the understanding and wellbeing of humanity'. Life and career
Born on 8 April 1947, <mask> was educated at King Edward's School, Bath, Jesus College, Oxford (obtaining a BA in Physics in 1969), Manchester University (obtaining a MSc in Radio Astronomy in 1976) and University College, London (obtaining a PhD in X-ray Astronomy in 1976). <mask> married Norma Khan in 1970 and they have twin daughters, Emma Jane and Charlotte Anne. Between 1975 and 1981, <mask> was a scientist on NASA's Solar Maximum Mission, and was then a lecturer at the Department of Space and Climate Physics of University College London from 1981 to 1987. He was professor of Remote Sensing Science at University College London from 1991 to 1997, during which time (1994 to 1997) he was executive director of the International Geosphere-Bisophere Programme, heading up the Secretariat hosted by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm.He was Director of the British Antarctic Survey from 1998 to 2007. During his time as Director, he helped Al Gore with the "Live Earth" concert (7 July 2007) by arranging for the Rothera Research Station's in-house band, Nunatak, to perform in Antarctica as part of the event. <mask> became a Fellow of St Edmund's College, Cambridge in 1999. He was awarded the CBE in 2003. In 2007, he was appointed as Director of the Science Museum. Theatre
<mask> co-wrote a one-man play 2071 with playwright Duncan Macmillan, which he performed at London's Royal Court Theatre in November 2014. The play was published by John Murray in June 2015.Portrait
Rapley agreed to sit for Jon Edgar in Fittleworth during 2009 as part of the sculptor's environmental series of heads. Museum Oil and Gas Sponsorship
In October 2021 <mask> resigned from the Science Museum Group's Scientific Advisory Board over the issue of gallery and exhibit sponsorship by oil and gas companies, citing; "The reality of the climate crisis, the need to abolish fossil fuels as quickly as possible, and analyses such as the recent Carbon Tracker Report which bring into question the commitment of the oil and gas companies to do so". References

External links
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/earth-sciences/people/academic/prof-chris-rapley
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/<mask>ley
https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=cMmZZmoAAAAJ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prr_XUkE7qs
Rapley's profile, Science Museum
2017 talk by <mask>ley on climate change
Interview with <mask>ley on anniversary of Climate Change Act and preparedness for impacts

Living people
1947 births
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
Alumni of the University of Manchester
Alumni of University College London
Academics of UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory
Directors of the Science Museum, London
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Fellows of St Edmund's College, Cambridge
People educated at King Edward's School, Bath
British Antarctic Survey
British Antarctic scientists

masks:
Christopher Graham Rapley
Rapley
Rapley
Rapley
Rapley
Rapley
Rapley
Rapley
Rapley
Chris Rap
Chris Rap
Chris Rap


texts:
<mask> (September 8, 1896 – July 30, 1983) was an American publicist, lyricist, and librettist, best remembered for his songwriting collaboration with Arthur Schwartz. Biography
<mask> was born in New York City, United States. He attended Columbia College and then studied journalism at Columbia University. He also served as publicist/director of advertising for Goldwyn Pictures and later MGM and is often credited with creating Leo the Lion, its lion mascot, and choosing their slogan Ars Gratia Artis. In 1942, he was made MGM's Vice President in Charge of Publicity. He held that position until his retirement in 1957. He began a long association with composer Arthur Schwartz, when they teamed up for the Broadway revue The Little Show in 1929.They would continue to work on and off over the next 30 or so years. Dietz served in the US Navy in World War I and became editor of their magazine, Navy Life. During World War II, he assisted the U.S. Treasury Department with the publicity and promotion of War Bonds, and created stage shows for the Coast Guard with composer Vernon Duke. Dietz saved copies of every document relating to his career, as well as relating to the publicity campaigns of every MGM film he publicized. After his death, this vast trove of artifacts was donated to the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. The archive on Dietz constitutes its single largest archive on any person or subject. In 1972, <mask> was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame.And, in 1981, he was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame. Personal life
<mask> was married three times. He married Elizabeth Bigelow Hall in 1917. They divorced in 1936. In 1930, the couple had bought a townhouse on 18 West 11th Street in Greenwich Village from stockbroker Charles E. Merrill, founder of Merrill Lynch. The townhouse was later bought by advertising executive James Platt Wilkerson, whose daughter Cathlyn Platt Wilkerson was a member of the far-left terrorist organization Weather Underground; Wilkerson's associates were assembling a bomb in the basement in 1970 when it exploded and destroyed the townhouse. <mask> married Tanis Guinness Montagu on January 25, 1937, and had a daughter; they divorced 14 years later, in 1951.Later that year, he married the costume designer Lucinda Ballard. He died in July 1983, in New York City of Parkinson's disease, from which he had suffered from 1954. Broadway credits
 Dear Sir — 1924 (music by Jerome Kern)
 Merry-Go-Round — 1927 (music by Henry Souvaine and Jay Gorney)
The Little Show — 1929 (music by Schwartz)
The Second Little Show — 1930 (music by Schwartz)
Three's a Crowd — 1930 (music by Schwartz)
The Band Wagon — 1931 (music by Schwartz)
Flying Colors — 1932 (music by Schwartz)
Revenge with Music — 1934 (music by Schwartz)
At Home Abroad — 1935 (music by Schwartz)
Between the Devil — 1937 (music by Schwartz)
Keep Off the Grass — 1940 (Dietz contributed three songs with music by Jimmy McHugh)
Jackpot — 1944 (music by Vernon Duke)
Sadie Thompson — 1944 (music by Duke)
Inside U.S.A. — 1948 (music by Schwartz)
The Gay Life — 1961 (music by Schwartz)
Jennie — 1963 (music by Schwartz)

London credits
Here Comes the Bride — 1930 (music by Schwartz)

Radio credit
The MGM Theater of the Air, host (1949-1951)

Songs
"All The King's Horses" (w.m. Alec Wilder, Edward Brandt & <mask>z). Introduced in the revue Three's A Crowd by Margaret Lee. "Alone Together" (music by Schwartz). Introduced in the revue Flying Colors by Jean Sargent."Blue Grass" (music by Schwartz). From the musical Inside USA
"By Myself" (music by Schwartz). Introduced by Jack Buchanan in the musical Between the Devil
"Dancing In The Dark" (music by Schwartz). Introduced by John Barker in the 1931 revue The Band Wagon. "The Dickey-Bird Song" (music by Sammy Fain). Introduced in the 1948 film Three Daring Daughters by Jeanette MacDonald, Jane Powell, Jean Garbo dubbing for Elinor Donahue and Pat Hyatt dubbing for Ann E. Todd. "First Prize at the Fair" (music by Schwartz).From the musical Inside USA. "A Fugitive from Esquire" (music by Jimmy McHugh). Introduced by Jimmy Durante in the musical Keep Off The Grass
"Get Yourself a Geisha" (music by Schwartz). From the musical revue At Home Abroad
"Got A Bran' New Suit" (music by Schwartz). Introduced by Ethel Waters in the 1935 revue At Home Abroad
"Haunted Heart" (music by Schwartz). Introduced by John Tyers in the revue Inside USA
"Hoops" (music by Schwartz). Introduced in the 1931 revue The Band Wagon by Fred and Adele Astaire
"I Guess I'll Have to Change My Plan" (music by Schwartz).Introduced by Clifton Webb in the 1929 revue The Little Show. "I Love Louisa" (music by Schwartz). Introduced by Fred and Adele Astaire in the 1931 revue The Band Wagon
"I See Your Face Before Me" (music by Schwartz). Introduced by Jack Buchanan, Evelyn Laye and Adele Dixon in the 1937 musical Between the Devil
"Louisiana Hayride" (music by Schwartz). Introduced by Tamara Geva, Clifton Webb and ensemble in the 1932 revue Flying Colors
"The Love I Long For" (music Vernon Duke). Introduced by June Havoc and James Newill in the musical Sadie Thompson
"Love Is a Dancing Thing" (music by Schwartz) from the 1935 revue At Home Abroad
"Moanin' Low" (music by Ralph Rainger). Introduced by Libby Holman in the revue The Little Show
"Rhode Island Is Famous For You" (music Schwartz) from the revue Inside U.S.A.
"That's Entertainment!"(music by Schwartz). Introduced by Jack Buchanan, Nanette Fabray, Oscar Levant and Fred Astaire in the 1953 film The Band Wagon
"You and the Night and the Music" (music by Schwartz) from the musical Revenge with Music. "If There is Someone Lovelier Than You" (music by Schwartz) from the musical Revenge with Music. "Schickelgruber" (music by Kurt Weill)

References

External links

 <mask> papers (research materials assembled in preparation for his autobiography) in the Music Division of The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. 1896 births
1983 deaths
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni
Townsend Harris High School alumni
American film studio executives
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer executives
Columbia College (New York) alumni
Broadway composers and lyricists

masks:
Howard Dietz
Dietz
Howard Dietz
Dietz
Dietz
Howard Diet
Howard Dietz


texts:
<mask> (born 1960) is a British composer and musician. He is a former head of composition and contemporary music at the London College of Music and Media. <mask> began his career as a military bandsman, then studied composition at the Royal Academy of Music with composer Paul Patterson. While at the Royal Academy, he was awarded the Queen's Commendation for Excellence. He was previously Young Composer in Residence at The Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, Composition and Contemporary Music Tutor at the Royal Academy of Music, London, Head of Composition at the London College of Music and Media, a visiting tutor at the Royal Northern College of Music and Associate Composer to the world-famous Black Dyke Mills Band , Associate Composer to the Band of the Grenadier Guards, Composer-in-Residence to the Marinierskapel der Koninklijke Marine (Marine Band of the Royal Netherlands Navy) and Associate Composer to Brass Band Buizingen in Belgium. He has also been guest professor at the Xinjiang Arts Institute in China and Associate Composer to the Royal Military School of Music, Kneller Hall. More recently he has been Visiting Composer to Middle Tennessee State University Bands.In 1997, <mask> visited the United States as part of the country's International Visitor Leadership Program, and the President's Own Marine Band performed one of his pieces, "Samurai", conducted by Colonel Timothy Foley. The Winnipeg Fress Press described the piece as a throbbing, raucous work influenced by Japanese drumming.<ref>Nemerofsky, Gwenda. Unexpected percussion discussion bang on, Winnipeg Free Press, 2 May 2009. In 2015 he collaborated with Danish writer Malene Sheppard Skærved on his first symphony ("A Richer Dust") for Speaker and Symphonic Wind Orchestra. Using music and words, ‘A Richer Dust’ explores what it means to live with violence and extremism, the constant companions of human history. The intertwined text and music, ideas and images, weave together voices ranging from those of historically significant figures through to the voiceless, ordinary people living in extraordinary times. "A Richer Dust"  was commissioned by Dr Reed Thomas and the Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU) Wind Ensemble.It was premiered on 14 April 2015 by Dr Reed Thomas (Conductor), H. Stephen Smith (Speaker) and the MTSU Wind Ensemble in the T. Earl Music Hall, Wright Music Building, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA. The European Premiere was given by the Regimental Band of the Irish Guards on 6 November in the Guards Chapel, London, under the baton of the composer with WO1 Andrew Porter as Speaker. A number of <mask>'s works have been recorded on the Naxos Record label most recently with the Grimethorpe Colliery Band. Early life

After failing the 11 plus (school exam) <mask> attended St. John's Secondary Modern School, Margate, UK. In 1979 he joined the Staff Band of the Royal Army Medical under the direction of Major Peter Parkes and attended the Royal Military School of Music (Kneller Hall) the same year. In 1982  <mask> started his studies as a composition student at the Royal Academy of Music and also joined the Band of the Irish Guards which he served with until 1986. Discography

 Samurai (Wind Orchestra The Royal Marines Band conducted by Lt Col Chris Davis); Loulan (Violin: Peter Sheppard Skaerved); The Miraculous Violin (Violin and Strings: Peter Sheppard Skaerved & Longbow); Pernambuco (Violin: Peter Sheppard Skaerved); Premonitions (Trumpet: James Watson).Recorded 2007. Naxos 8.570429

 Dial H for Hitchcock; Swift Severn's Flood; Mysteries of the Horizon; Earthrise. Performed by The Grimethorpe Colliery Band conducted by <mask>, Sandy Smith & David Thornton Recorded. Cornet Soloist: Harmen Vanhoorne. Recorded in 2019/20 at the Foundry Recording Studio, Sheffield. Naxos 8.574097

 <mask> Music for Strings - Parnassus; The Scarlet Flower; Dogger, Fisher, German Bight, Humber, Thames, Dover Wight; Pulp & Rags; Epitaph for Edith Cavell. Performed by Longbow,  Peter Sheppard Skaerved (Violin).Sebastien Rousseau (Flugel Horn) & Melene Sheppard Skaerved (Speaker). Recorded in 2014/15 in All Saints Church, Tooting, London SW17. Toccata Classics TOCC 0325

 Outrageous Fortune (Symphony No 2). Performed by Middle Tennessee State University Wind Ensemble conductor: Reed Thomas,  Brett Baker (Trombone Soloist), Natalie Grady (Voice Actor). Recorded in 2016 in the Hinton Hall, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA. Toccata Classics TOCN 003

 Lindisfarne Stone - Peter Sheppard Skaerved (Violin) / Tamami Honma (Piano). Echo & Narcissus - Janne Thomsen (Flute).Spectroscope - Neil Heyde (Cello). Solstice - Philip Mead (Piano). Pernambuco - Peter Sheppard Skaerved (Violin). Premonitions - James Watson (Trumpet). Chinese Puzzles - Janne Thomsen (Flute), Tamami Honma (Piano). Recorded in 1998 in the Conway Hall, London, UK. Metier MSV CD92024

 Earthrise; Heritage Suite; Their Finest Hour.Performed by Middle Tennessee State University Wind Ensemble conductor: Reed Thomas. Recorded in 2012 in the Wright Music Hall, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA. Naxos 8.573184

 Equiano for Clarinet Quintet. Performed by Linda Merrick (Clarinet) and the Navarra Quartet. Recorded in 2008 at Lord Rhodes Room, Middle Royal Northern College of Music, Manchester, UK. Naxos 9.570122

 Mysteries of the Horizon; A Richer Dust (Symphony No. 1).Performed by Middle Tennessee State University Wind Ensemble conductor: Reed Thomas / Cornet Soloist: Harmen Vanhoorne.. Recorded in 2015 at the Wright Music Hall, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA. Toccata Classics TOCC 0412

 Solstice - Philip Mead (Piano). Graham Caskie (Piano). Recorded in 1993 in the Adrian Boult Hall, Birmingham, UK. Metier MSV CD92004

 When Worlds Collide; Swift Severn's Flood; The City in the Sea (Concerto for Euphonium and Brass Band); Tilbury Point; Mysteries of the Horizon (Concerto for Cornet and Brass Band). Performed by Brass Band Buizingen conducted by Luc Vertommen, Soloists: Harmen Vanhoorne (Cornet) & Glenn Van Looy (Euphonium), Speaker: Frank Renton with Poetry by Martin Westlake.Recorded in 2012/2013 in Belgium. Mirasound 88931-2

Film Score Recordings

 The Thief Lord (Co-written score with Michael Csanyi-Wills). Performed by The London Symphony Orchestra, Conductor: Robin Page. Recorded in 2005 at the AIR Lyndhurst Studios, London, UK. Colosseum LC 03387

 Will (Co-written score with Michael Csanyi-Wills). Performed by The London Symphony Orchestra, Conductor: Chris Davis OBE. Recorded in 2011 at the Abbey Road Studios, London, UK.Varese Sarabande VSD -7124

 The Little Polar Bear (Der Kleine Eisbar) (Co-written score with Michael Csanyi-Wills). Performed by The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Conductor: Robin Page. Recorded in 2001 at the Angel Studios, London, UK. Nord-Sud Verlag

 The Rocket Post (Co-written score with Michael Csanyi-Wills). Performed by The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Conductor: Robin Page. Recorded in 2006 at the AIR Lyndhurst Studios, London, UK. MovieScore Media MMS-07006

 The Little Vampire (Der Kleine Vampir) (Co-written score with Michael Csanyi-Wills).Performed by The Bulgarian Symphony Orchestra, Conductor: Robin Page. Recorded in 2000 in Sofia at Studio 1, Bulgarian National Radio. Universal Music Company LC 00270

 Baseline (Co-written score with Michael Csanyi-Wills). Recorded in 2010 in London by Moviefonics Ltd.

Accolades
 1987: The Queen’s Commendation for Excellence The Royal Academy of Music (London) highest distinction. "Collaboration between Composers and Performers"
Miles, Tim and Westcombe, John. Music & Dyslexia: Opening News Doors. Miles, Tim; Ditchfield, Diane; and Westcombe, John.Music & Dyslexia: A Positive Approach.References

External links
 <mask>'s website

British classical musicians
Living people
1960 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
Alumni of the Royal Academy of Music

masks:
Nigel Clarke
Clarke
Clarke
Clarke
Clarke
Clarke
Nigel Clarke
Nigel Clarke
Nigel Clarke


texts:
<mask> (; born <mask>, ; April 28, 1906 – May 22, 1992), also known as "Joe Batters" and "Big Tuna", was an American longtime mobster. In a criminal career that spanned eight decades, he rose from small-time hoodlum to the position of day-to-day boss of the Chicago Outfit in 1947, to ultimately becoming the final Outfit authority in 1972. <mask> moved the Outfit into new operations and territories, greatly increasing its power and wealth during his tenure as boss. Early life
<mask> was born on April 28, 1906, in Chicago's Near West Side, the second of six children of shoemaker <mask> and <mask>. One year prior to his birth, the <mask>s had emigrated from Castelvetrano, in the Province of Trapani, Sicily, Italy to America. At age 14, <mask> left school and started loitering around neighborhood pool halls. He soon joined the Circus Cafe Gang, run by Claude Maddox and <mask>, one of many street gangs in the poor neighborhoods of Chicago.These gangs served as talent pools (similar to the concept of farm teams) for the city's adult criminal organizations. Jack "Machine Gun" McGurn, one of the toughest hitmen of Chicago Outfit boss Al Capone, recruited <mask> into his crew, along with long time associate <mask>ck of Gary, Indiana. Career

Capone regime
During Prohibition, <mask> got the nickname "Joe Batters" after using a baseball bat to murder three mobsters who had betrayed the Outfit. Capone was allegedly quoted as saying, "Boy, this kid's a real Joe Batters". Chicago newspapers eventually dubbed <mask> "The Big Tuna", after a fishing expedition where <mask> caught a giant tuna and was famously photographed with his catch. In later years, <mask> boasted over federal wiretaps that he participated in the infamous 1929 St. Valentine's Day Massacre in which, allegedly, Capone gunmen murdered seven members of rival Bugs Moran's North Side Gang. <mask> also claimed that he was one of the gunmen who murdered Brooklyn gang boss Frankie Yale, again by Capone's orders to settle a dispute.However, most experts believe <mask> had only peripheral connections, if any, with the St. Valentine's Day Massacre and none whatsoever with the Yale murder, which was most likely committed by Gus Winkler, Fred Burke, and Louis Campagna. However, on October 11, 1926, <mask> may have participated in the assassination of Northside gang leader Hymie Weiss near the Holy Name Cathedral in Chicago. In 1932, Capone was convicted of tax evasion and sent to prison for an 11-year sentence, and Frank "The Enforcer" Nitti became the new Outfit boss after serving his own 18-month sentence for tax evasion. By this time, <mask> had established a solid record making money for the organization, so Nitti let him establish his own crew. He was also named as the Outfit's head of enforcement. <mask> soon developed a variety of profitable rackets, including gambling, loansharking, bookmaking, extortion, and the distribution of untaxed alcohol and cigarettes. As with all caporegimes, <mask> received 5% of the crew's earnings as a so-called "street tax".<mask>, in turn, paid a tax to the boss of the Outfit. If a crew member were to refuse to pay a street tax (or paid less than half of the amount owed), they would be killed. <mask>'s crew included future Outfit heavyweights Gus "Gussie" Alex and Joseph "Joey Doves" Aiuppa. Chicago boss
In the 1940s, <mask> continued to gain power in the Outfit. As the decade progressed, senior members of the Outfit were investigated and charged with using the threat of strike action by the labor unions they controlled to extort millions of dollars from Hollywood studios. Nitti, who was claustrophobic and fearful of serving a second prison term, committed suicide in 1943. Paul "The Waiter" Ricca, who had been the de facto boss since Capone's imprisonment, took the role officially and named <mask> as underboss.Ricca and <mask> would run the Outfit for the next 30 years until Ricca's death in 1972. When Ricca subsequently received a 10-year prison sentence for his part in the Hollywood scandal, <mask> became acting boss. Three years later, when Ricca was barred from contact with mobsters as a condition for his parole, <mask> then became boss of the Outfit; in practice, he shared power with Ricca, who remained in the background as a senior consultant. Under <mask>'s leadership in the late 1940s, the Outfit moved into slot and vending machines, counterfeiting cigarette and liquor tax stamps, and expanding narcotics smuggling. <mask> placed slot machines in gas stations, restaurants and bars throughout the Outfit's territory. Outside of Chicago, the Outfit expanded into Las Vegas and took influence over gaming away from the Five Families of New York City. <mask> made sure that all the legal Las Vegas casinos used his slot machines.In Kansas and Oklahoma, he took advantage of the official ban on alcohol sales to introduce bootlegged alcohol. The Outfit eventually dominated organized crime in most of the western United States. To reduce the Outfit's exposure to legal prosecution, <mask> phased out some traditional activities such as labor racketeering and extortion. He also converted the Outfit's brothel business into call girl services. The result of these changes was a golden era of profitability and influence for the Outfit. <mask> and Ricca emphasized keeping a low profile and let flashier figures, such as Sam Giancana, attract attention instead. For example, when professional wrestlers Lou Albano and <mask>, wrestling as a Mafia-inspired tag team called "The Sicilians", came to Chicago in 1961, <mask> persuaded the men to drop the gimmick to avoid any mob-related publicity.By using tactics such as these, <mask> and Ricca were able to run the Outfit much longer than Capone. Ricca once said, "<mask> had more brains for breakfast than Capone had in a lifetime". Change of leadership
After 1957, <mask> turned over the official position as boss to Giancana, because of "heat" from the IRS. <mask> then became the Outfit's consigliere, stepping away from the day-to-day running of the organization, but he still retained considerable power and demanded ultimate respect. Giancana still had to obtain the sanction of <mask> and Ricca on major business, including murders. However, this working relationship eventually broke down. Unlike <mask>, the widowed Giancana lived an ostentatious lifestyle, frequenting posh nightclubs and dating high-profile singer Phyllis McGuire.Giancana also refused to distribute some of the lavish profits from Outfit casinos in Iran and Central America to the rank-and-file members. Many in the Outfit also felt that Giancana was attracting too much attention from the FBI, which was forever tailing his car around the Chicago metropolitan area. Around 1966, after spending a year in jail on federal contempt of court charges, <mask> and Ricca replaced Giancana with Aiuppa. In June 1975, after spending most of his Outfit-exile years in Mexico and unceremoniously being booted from that country, Giancana was murdered in the basement apartment of his home, in Oak Park, Illinois, while cooking Italian sausages and escarole. Ricca died in 1972, leaving <mask> as the ultimate authority in the Outfit. The burglary
In 1978, while <mask> vacationed in California, burglars entered his River Forest home. Shortly afterwards, the three suspected thieves and four related persons were found strangled and with their throats cut.Law enforcement officials believed <mask> had ordered the killings in retaliation for the burglary. In 2002, this theory was confirmed on the witness stand by Outfit turncoat Nicholas Calabrese, who had participated in all of the murders. The surviving assassins were all convicted in the Family Secrets trial, and sentenced to long prison terms. Personal life
In 1934, <mask> met Clarice Pordzany, a Polish-American chorus girl. They later married and had two daughters, Marie Judith and Linda Lee, and adopted two sons, Joseph Frank and Anthony Ross. Several of <mask>'s family members have had careers in the National Football League. His daughter Marie married Palmer Pyle, who played guard for the Baltimore Colts, Minnesota Vikings, and Oakland Raiders.Palmer Pyle's brother, Mike Pyle, also played in the NFL. Their son Eric Kumerow played linebacker for the Miami Dolphins, and Eric's son Jake currently plays wide receiver for the Buffalo Bills, and has also played for the New Orleans Saints and the Green Bay Packers. Eric's sister Cheryl married John Bosa, who played defensive end for the Dolphins. They have two sons, Joey and Nick, both of whom also currently play defensive end: Joey for the Los Angeles Chargers, and Nick for the San Francisco 49ers. For most of his married life, <mask> lived in River Forest, Illinois. The six-bedroom, six-bath home he owned on Franklin Avenue in River Forest contained two bowling lanes, an indoor swimming pool and a pipe organ. When he started receiving attention from the IRS about his apparent high lifestyle, he bought a ranch home on the 1400 block of North Ashland Avenue, in River Forest, and installed a vault.<mask>'s official job was that of a beer salesman for a Chicago brewery. Death and burial
In the late 1970s, <mask> bought a home in Palm Springs, California, flying to Chicago to preside over Outfit "sit-downs" and mediate disputes. By this time, his personal holdings included legal investments in commercial office buildings, retail centers, lumber farms, paper factories, hotels, car dealerships, trucking companies, newspaper companies, restaurants and travel agencies. <mask> spent his last years in Barrington Hills, Illinois living with his daughter and son-in-law. On May 22, 1992, <mask> died of respiratory and heart conditions at age 86. <mask> is buried in a crypt in the mausoleum at Queen of Heaven Cemetery, in Hillside, Illinois. Despite an arrest record dating back to 1922, <mask> spent only one night in jail or avoided the inside of a cell entirely (depending on the source).In popular culture
In the 1995 television movie Sugartime about Giancana and McGuire, <mask> is portrayed by Maury Chaykin. In the television series Vegas, <mask> is simply referred to as "Tuna" by mobster Vincent Savino when he is preparing the monthly casino skim to depart to Chicago. In the 2016 AMC mini series “The Making of the Mob: Chicago” <mask> is portrayed by actor Jason Fitch

See also
List of Havana Conference invitees

Notes

References

External links

LIUNA – <mask> Obituary 22

1906 births
1992 deaths
Al Capone associates
American crime bosses
American gangsters of Sicilian descent
Burials in Illinois
Chicago Outfit bosses
Chicago Outfit mobsters
Consiglieri
People from Barrington Hills, Illinois
People from Chicago
People from Palm Springs, California
People from River Forest, Illinois
Prohibition-era gangsters

masks:
Anthony Joseph Accardo
Antonino Leonardo Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Francesco Accardo
Maria Tilotta Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Tony Capezio
Accardo
Tony Mazla
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Tony Altomare
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Anthony Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Accardo
Tony Accardo


texts:
<mask> (born November 1982) is a serial entrepreneur, and founder and CEO of Kogan.com as well as several other eCommerce-related companies in Australia. He was Australia's richest person under the age of 30 from 2011 to his 30th birthday in November 2012. In 2020, Kogan's net worth was estimated by the Financial Review 2020 Rich List as . <mask> holds several publicised controversial views regarding the consumer technology industry, expressing his opposition to the Australian Government's proposed internet filter as well as lambasting the government for their handling of the Set Top Box Scheme. He was also the only executive from a consumer electronics vendor in Australia to campaign against the introduction of 3DTV into homes around the world. He has written articles as both a guest and regular for several large media outlets, including a guest article for Forbes giving his views on Facebook, a guest article for Fast Company about the importance of social proof in business, a guest article for VentureBeat about affiliate marketing, a guest post on Gizmodo outlining his opposition to the filter and The Age regarding the future of TV. He was also a guest columnist for business magazine BRW throughout 2011, and has on several occasions provided guest opinions on the world's largest technology blog, TechCrunch.In 2015, he was interviewed on the Bloomberg Television series High Flyers. Early life
<mask> <mask> was born to Belarusian parents, and moved with his sister Svetlana and parents to Melbourne, Victoria, Australia in 1989. Kogan grew up in the Elsternwick Housing Commission flats, and started his first business at the age of ten by finding lost golf balls, cleaning them and selling them for $0.50/each to golfers at Elsternwick Golf Course on Saturday mornings. Kogan was interested in technology from an early age, building his first computer at the age of nine. He has started approximately twenty businesses since the age of ten, with Kogan.com being his most recent and most successful venture. Kogan attended Brighton Secondary College and Melbourne High School before graduating from Monash University with a Bachelor of Business Systems (Information Technology). Career
By the age of 23, Kogan had worked at the IT departments of Bosch, GE, Telstra, and was a management consultant at Accenture, until 2006.Kogan.com
Kogan started Kogan.com in his parents' Melbourne garage in 2006, aged 23 years. The company rapidly expanded to a broader range of products such as Digital Radios, GPS devices, netbooks, tablets, and video cameras, and in September 2011 began selling complementary products from a range of brands including Apple, Canon, Nikon, Samsung, Motorola and others. Kogan achieved 3 million in sales in its third year, followed by 8 million in year four, 22 million in year five, 70 million in year six, and over 200 million in the seventh year. In 2013 The Wall Street Journal speculated that Kogan was worth over 400 million. More than two million products were delivered by Kogan.com, with daily sales of more than 1 million. Having started with no external funding or capital, as of 2011, Kogan.com has grown to become one of Australia's fastest-growing businesses in any industry. Open source
Kogan has been a strong believer in open-source solutions for many years, telling Computerworld: "We are huge believers in cloud computing and open-source software.The reasons are simple: open-source software is usually faster, better and has more features." Kogan believes that open-source tablets like Android present a significant challenge to the Apple iPad's dominance of the tablet market, and was the first to launch an open-source tablet in the UK for under £100. In Australia, he launched a laptop running the open-source version of Google's Chrome OS before multinationals like Samsung and Acer could launch their own products. Criticism

<mask> is known for using social media to take a swipe at his competitors and has been accused of making 'outlandish statements' through his company's blog about giant retailers like JB Hi-Fi. At Kickstart Forum 2008, in Gold Coast Australia, Kogan was called a 'loudmouthed punk', when he said the future of retail was heading online. On International Transgender Day of Visibility in 2018, <mask> was asked to apologise after a transphobic tweet referencing the 2018 Australian ball-tampering scandal and Caitlyn Jenner. Personal life
<mask> was the first Australian to register as a passenger on Richard Branson's Virgin Galactic sub-orbital spaceflight, having paid a deposit on the 200,000 ticket.<mask> and his wife, Anastasia, reside in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Personal wealth
Kogan's net worth was estimated to be 575 million, listed on the Financial Review 2020 Rich List. Kogan did not reach the threshold for inclusion on the 2021 Rich List. Achievement lists
<mask> and his company Kogan.com have been listed on the following:

The Age Top 100 most influential people in 2008
BRW 2009 Fast Starters list at rank 37
BRW 2010 Fast 100 at rank 15
BRW 2010 Fast Starters list at rank 17
Charter Security Retail Innovator of the Year 2010
Anthill Top 30 under 30 entrepreneurs for 2010
The Age Top 100 most influential people in 2011
BRW 2011 Fast 100 at rank 27
SmartCompany 2011 Hot 30 Under 30 in 2011
Virgin Australia Top Guns in Tech in 2011
BRW 2012 Fast 100 at rank 14, valued at A$75.2M
Men's Style Magazine 2012 Men of Influence
Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year 2012 Southern Region Winner
Deloitte Technology Fast 50 - 4th fastest growing technology company in Australia in 2012
BRW Fast 100 2012 - Ranked 14
Top 50 Most Influential People in Tech in 2012. He joined Mark Zuckerberg and Mike Cannon-Brookes as the only Gen Ys on the list
SmartCompany Hot 30 Under 30 CEOs in 2012
The Australian Top 5 Young Chief Executives in 2012
T3 29th most influential person in the technology industry in 2012

Notes
 : Net worth drawn from the BRW Young Rich List in that year. References

External links
 <mask> <mask> page at Kogan.com

Australian chief executives
1982 births
Living people
People from Melbourne
Belarusian emigrants to Australia
People from Babruysk

masks:
Ruslan Kogan
Kogan
Ruslan
Kogan
Kogan
Kogan
Kogan
Kogan
Kogan
Ruslan
Kogan